cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bladder dose-volume parameters are associated with urinary incontinence after postoperative intensity modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Abstract Purpose Urinary incontinence is a potential side effect of prostatectomy and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer. There are limited data on dosimetric parameters that may predict for poor continence recovery in men who receive postoperative IMRT. Methods and materials Eighty-seven men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer who underwent prostatectomy followed by adjuvant (13%) or salvage (87%) IMRT were identified. The Expanded Prostate Cancer Index composite questionnaire was prospectively collected at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 months post-IMRT. Relevant critical structures were contoured and dose-volume metrics collected. The primary endpoint was urinary continence global score. Longitudinal analysis using a generalized estimating equation model was performed. Results There was no statistically significant change in Expanded Prostate Cancer Index composite urinary continence global scores over time as compared with baseline (all P > .05). In univariate analysis, bladder volume receiving 70 Gy (V70 Gy) and penile bulb V70 Gy were associated with urinary continence (odds ratio, 0.82; P P = .03) was associated with outcome. After 2 years, there was a significant difference in global score for those with V70 Gy P Conclusion There was no significant change in patient-reported urinary continence scores after postprostatectomy IMRT. Bladder V70 Gy was independently associated with a decrease in urinary continence scores. Further evaluation is necessary to optimize quality of life in these men.
The Existence and Uniqueness of Equilibria in Convex Games with Strategies in Hilbert Spaces

In this paper we extend the approach of Rosen [7] for existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibria for finite-dimensional convex games to an abstract setting in which the strategies of each player are in separable Hilbert spaces. Through the use of an extension of the Kakutani fixed-point theorem, we are able to extend Rosen’s existence result to this setting. Our uniqueness results are obtained by extending Rosen’s notion of strict diagonal convexity to this setting. Several examples, in the context of open-loop dynamic games, to which our results may be applied are presented.
Abstract 164: Identification of Genetic Regulators of the Atherosclerosis-Associated Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide in the Diversity Outbred Mice Population

Dietary choline and its derivatives have been associated with various aspects of lipid metabolism. Recently, the choline metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been associated with atherosclerosis in both mice and humans. Traditional studies of atherosclerosis in mice use genetic or dietary manipulation to induce atherosclerosis in inbred mouse strains. However, traditional quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping studies using inbred strains often identify large genomic regions, containing many genes, due to limited recombination and/or sample size which hamper candidate gene identification and translation of these results into possible risk factors and therapeutic targets. As an alternative approach, here we use the multi-parental Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse panel for genetic mapping in order to aid in the identification of causal genes and variants associated with TMAO and its precursor choline. We fed DO mice either a high-fat, cholesterol-containing (HFCA) diet or a low-fat, high-protein diet fo...
Abstract TMP88: Slipping, Tripping, and Rapid Ambulation are Key Fall Triggers for Stroke Survivors

Background: Stroke survivors fall up to seven times more annually than healthy adults of a similar age. The inability to recover balance from slipping, tripping, or rapid ambulation accounts for th...
Pseudosarcomatous Fibromyxoid Tumor of the Prostate: A Case Report with Immunohistochemical, Electron Microscopic, and DNA Flow Cytometric Analysis

A 22-year-old man presented with symptoms of urinary obstruction and was found to have a 5-cm mass protruding from the left side of the prostate into the prostatic urethra. The lesion was partially removed by transurethral resection (TURP). The patient's symptoms recurred, so he required another TURP four months later; at latest follow-up (four years later), there was no evidence of disease. Light microscopy revealed a myxoid lesion characterized by an atypical fibroblastic proliferation associated with a prominent inflammatory component and granulation tissue-type vasculature. The lesion nearly replaced the prostatic parenchyma and invaded the bladder wall. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy showed a predominance of fibroblasts with occasional myofibroblasts. DNA flow cytometric analysis showed that the tumor cells had a diploid DNA content. Given these findings and the indolent clinical course, the authors think that this lesion represents a benign, reactive process consistent with a pseudosarcomatous fibromyxoid tumor, a recently described rare lesion of the genitourinary tract.
Past, Present and Future of Combined Cycle Power Plants: From an A/E’s Perspective

In the 1970s, power generation from gas turbines was minimal. Gas turbines in those days were run on fuel oil, since there was a so-called “natural gas shortage”. The U.S. Fuel Use Act of 1978 essentially disallowed the use of natural gas for power generation. Hence there was no incentive on the part of gas turbine manufacturers to invest in the development of gas turbine technology.There were many regulatory developments in the 1980s and 1990s, which led to the rapid growth in power generation from gas turbines. These developments included Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act of 1978 (encouraging cogeneration), FERC Order 636 (deregulating natural gas industry), Energy Policy Act of 1992 (creating EWGs and IPPs) and FERC Order 888 (open access to electrical transmission system). There was also a backlash from excessive electric rates due to high capital recovery of nuclear and coal-fired plant costs caused by tremendous cost increase resulting from tightening NRC requirements for nuclear plants and significant SO2/NOx/other emissions controls required for coal-fired plants. During this period, rapid technology developments took place in the metallurgy, design, efficiency, and reliability of gas turbines. In addition, U.S. DOE contributed to these developments by encouraging research and development efforts in high temperature and high efficiency gas turbines.Today we are seeing a tremendous explosion of power generating facilities by electric utilities and Independent Power Producers (IPPs). A few years ago, Merchant Power (generation without power purchase agreements) was unheard of. Today it is growing at a very fast pace. Can this rapid growth be sustained? The paper will explore the factors that will play a significant role in the future growth of gas turbine-based power generation in the U.S. The paper will also discuss the methods and developments that could decrease the capital costs of gas turbine power plants resulting in the lowest cost generation compared to other power generation technologies.© 2001 ASME
Earthquakes, Geology and Crustal Features in Southern New England

Within southern New england (SNE) and adjacent areas lies a variety of tectonic regions extending from the ancient North American craton to the Avalonian Terrane. This region, which is part of the northern Appalachians, has had a moderate level of seismic activity throughout its recorded history. Although the geology and geophysics of SNE have been studied extensively, it has been difficult to correlate the seismic activity in this region with geologic structures mapped on the earth’s surface. The distribution of earthquakes located by regional seismic networks in SNE generally resembles that of historical earthquakes in this region. In both the network and historical records, a cluster of earthquakes occurs near Moodus, CT and more diffuse seismicity occurs in the eastern coastal regions. Both data sets show earthquake activity in the vicinity of the 1755 earthquake that occurred on the coast of Cape Ann, MA, as well as seismicity near the boundary between southwestern CT and NY State. Aside from these very general similarities, the location uncertainties of the historical earthquakes make it difficult to compare the two records of seismicity in any greater detail. Information about the lateral variation of seismic velocities in the shallow crust beneath SNE has been obtained from studies of dispersion of short-period, fundamental-mode Rayleigh waves (Rg). Rg waves with periods between about 0.2 and 2.5 sec have been studied, and dispersive properties of Rg in that period range are sensitive to lateral variation in the upper few kilometers of the crust. Based on Rg dispersion studies, it appears that SNE can be divided into regions of distinct shallow crustal structure. The pattern of lateral variation is Rg dispersion is similar to the pattern of teleseismic residuals and gravity anomalies, suggesting that the lateral variation revealed by the Rg studies extends deeper into the crust. These results, however, do not reveal any obvious correlations between crustal features and seismicity.
Epidemiological Analysis of Varicella in Huairou District of Beijing City

[Objective]To understand epidemic features of varicella in Huairou district of Beijing city,and provide epidemic evidence for epidemic varicella control.[Methods]A statistical analysis was made on the varicella epidemic data collected from case report system.[Results] Reported diagnosed rate of varicella was 98.28%,The peak time of incidence was May,68% of varicella cases were primary/middle school students and kindergarten children,the city residents were the major group of incidence,26.22% of which had definite contact histories;26.57% had immunization histories.[Conclusion] Improving comprehensive control measures to focus groups such as the primary/secondary school students and kindergarten children,enhancing the varicella vaccination rate are the current problems requiring urgent solution.
Management innovation strategy and enterprise culture in the new

The culture is the human society of the spirit,which belongs to the category of ideology.The enterprise culture is the soft actual strength of the enterprise,the enterprise culture determines the competitiveness of an enterprise.The enterprise culture is one of the eternal theme of enterprise management,enterprise culture and enterprise employees,business management and corporate governance and the efficiency of enterprises and enterprise benefit and other closely related,enterprise employees or enterprise the carrier of a culture,reflection,transmission.This article adopts qualitative research method,through to the culture and enterprise culture understanding thinking,to explore the enterprise culture in the modern enterprise management and its development tendency,which is beneficial to promote the socialist cultural construction of career development,to improve business development soft environment,build more adapt to industry and enterprise harmony health the development of the enterprise culture,to improve the level of corporate governance,improving enterprise efficiency and effectiveness,improve the soft actual strength of the enterprise and competition ability,help to promote enterprises to give full scope to the talents,talents,leading the enterprise and its employees toward the grand goal.
The Adequacy and Acceptability of Machine Translation in Translating the Islamic Texts

Islamic translation is considered as a special distinguished sub-discipline of applied linguistics. It is one of the most important areas of translation because it carries the values and eternal message. Through the history, the first translation work was of religious books. This study attempts to evaluate the adequacy and acceptability of four machine translation (MT) systems (World lingo, Babylon translation, Google translate, Bing translator) in translating the Islamic texts. In addition, it aims to evaluate the Islamic translation outputs based on functional characteristics (accuracy, suitability, and well-formedness) and sub-characteristics (syntax, terminology, reliability, and fidelity). The findings indicted that Google Translate System is the most adequate and acceptable among the other three systems (World lingo, Babylon translation, Bing translator) in translating the Islamic texts. The findings also revealed that Google Translate is acceptable in producing Islamic translation outputs in regard to the following functional characteristics (accuracy, suitability, and well-formedness) and sub-characteristics (syntax, terminology, reliability and fidelity) due to Google Translate advancement.
Modernism and Homer: The Odysseys of H.D., James Joyce, Osip Mandelstam, and Ezra Pound

Introduction: making Homer new Part I. High Modernism and Homer: 1. 'To have gathered from the air a live tradition': Pound, Homer, modernism 2. 'The reading of Homer was transformed into a fabulous event': Mandelstam's modernist Odyssey 3. 'Damn Homer, Ulysses, Bloom, and all the rest': 'Cyclops', disorder, and Joyce's monster audiences Part II. Late Modernism and Homer: 4. 'ACTUALITY gets in front of Olympus': Pound's late visions and revisions of Homer 5. 'What song is left to sing? All song is sung': H. D., Homer, modernism Conclusion Appendix: Russian text of Mandelstam's poems.
Sick at South Shore Beach: a place-based augmented reality game as a framework for building evidence-based arguments

Recent research on Augmented Reality (AR) gaming suggests that place-based AR games embedded in larger curricular units provide contexts and scaffolding for developing students' scientific argumentation skills. This project explores the potential of one specific place-based AR gaming unit, Sick at South Shore Beach, to develop students' argumentation skills and increase their understanding of the role that social interactions play in the development of scientific arguments.
Remotely operated cardiac catheter.

Abstract A specially designed stylet is described which, when introduced into the lumen of a Lehman type intracardiac catheter, permits deflection of the catheter tip at will. The instrument is of value in manipulating the catheter through the tricuspid and pulmonic valve in patients with dilated right atria and ventricles.
Leveraging a Sorting Task as a Measure of Knowledge Structure in Bilingual Settings

This descriptive exploratory study considers whether a simple sorting task can elicit readers’ knowledge structure in learners’ first and second language. In this investigation, knowledge structure is considered from a symbolic connectionist viewpoint as the fundamental pre-meaningful aspect of knowledge, where structure is the precursor of knowledge acquisition and the underpinning of meaningful activity. Chinese–English (C–E) bilingual participants (n = 23) were assigned to one of four counter-balanced conditions to complete two presorting tasks, read an English expository text passage, and then complete two post-sorting tasks including: CE-read-EC, CE-read-EC, EC-read-EC, and EC-read-CE. Data analysis focused on the knowledge structure measures elicited by the four sorting tasks. Results show that both the reading and the sorting elicitation task itself differentially influenced knowledge structure; the Chinese post-sorting task immediately after reading the English text led to a relatively more relational structure than did the English post-sorting task. Individual’s knowledge structure elicited by the sorting tasks was not much like those of other students, but each individual’s self-to-self structure in Chinese and English were somewhat alike before reading (r = .35, 13 % overlap) and moderately alike after reading (r = .62, 39 % overlap). These findings add to the evidence base that sorting tasks can elicit knowledge structures in dual language settings.
Sex differences and in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing mechanical circulatory support implantation

Background Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is a widely available management strategy. No studies have described sex differences in both extracorporeal and durable MCS. We analyzed sex-related differences of in-hospital outcomes for extracorporeal and durable MCS using administrative hospital data. Methods In total, 134.5 million hospital records between 1994 and 2012 were screened for placement of MCS using procedure codes of the International Classification of Diseases-9, Clinical Modification. Major adverse events (MAEs) were defined as death, major bleeding, stroke, device infection or mechanical complication. Participation in the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) registry was determined on an annual basis using quarterly reports of the INTERMACS. Associations between characteristics and outcomes were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Results Sex was reported in 3,523 of 4,337 patients undergoing MCS placement from 45 INTERMACS sites ( n = 1,383) and 246 non-INTERMACS sites ( n = 2,954). Twenty-two percent were female. Baseline characteristics were significantly different with women being slightly younger (33.5% vs 27.4% age p p p p p Conclusion There are significant sex differences in characteristics and outcomes of patients receiving MCS. Women had higher in-hospital mortality and were at increased risk of MAEs, which could not be explained by age or comorbid conditions. Further research on the causes of these disproportionate outcomes is needed.
Introduction to computational science and mathematics

An Introduction to Computational Science and Mathematics will help introductory computer science, math, science, and engineering students develop computational intuition and introductory programming skills. The interactions between mathematics, physical experimentation, and computer simulation are crucial to the scientific enterprise. Students need to be comfortable with these dimensions early in their studies to maximize their ability to solve problems in many disciplines. The text assumes a first-semester calculus background and ease with trigonometry. Programming exercises use Think Pascal, though the concepts are developed without dependence on syntax.
The development and testing of new, single and multiple echelon, dynamic, capacitated, lot sizing heuristics

10 INTRODUCTION 10 SUMMARY OF THE EXTENDED DIXON-SILVER HEURISTIC 12 RESULTS 18 RESEARCH DIRECTIONS 21 CONCLUSION 21 REFERENCES 22 CHAPTER H. A FAST HEURISTIC FOR LARGE-SCALE CAPACITATED LOT SIZING PROBLEMS, WITH OR WITHOUT SETUP TIMES 23 Abstract 23
Device engineering towards improved tin sulfide solar cell performance and performance reproducibility

As novel absorber materials are developed and screened for their photovoltaic (PV) properties, the challenge remains to rapidly test promising candidates in high-performing PV devices. There is a need to engineer new compatible device architectures, including the development of novel transparent conductive oxides and buffer layers. Here, we consider the two approaches of a substrate-style and a superstrate-style device architecture for novel thin-film solar cells. We use tin sulfide as a test absorber material. Upon device engineering, we demonstrate new approaches to improve device performance and performance reproducibility.
Lumisterol to Tachysterol Photoisomerization in EPA Glass at 77 K. A Comparative Study

We present a comparative study of the photoisomerizations of lumisterol (Lumi), previtamin (Pre), and provitamin D3 (Pro) to tachysterol (Tachy) at 77 K in EPA (5:5:2 ether, isopentane, and ethanol by volume) glass. Fluorescence, fluorescence excitation, and UV spectra, measured in the course of these reactions, were analyzed using singular value decomposition with self-modeling (SVD-SM). This represents an extension of previous work that led to the conclusion that in the EPA glass Pre exists as an s-cis,s-cis-conformer (cZc-Pre) which gives, exclusively, an unstable s-cis,s-cis-conformer of Tachy (cEc-Tachy) and Pro gives mainly the tEc-Tachy, that corresponds to a stable s-trans,s-cis-conformer. (Redwood, C.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2013, 4, 716−721.) The surprising result was that the major Pre photoproduct from Pro also has a tZc-Pre conformation instead of the expected cZc-Pre conformation. Accordingly, the Pre to Tachy cis–trans photoisomerization proceeds via a conformer specific one-bond-twist...
The Purpose and Politics of Ecosystem-Based Management

Ecosystem-based management (EBM) emerged in the late 1980s as an alternative to the piecemeal, jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction approach to natural resource management that dominated the twentieth century. EBM features three central attributes: (1) planning at a landscape scale, (2) collaboration with stakeholders, and (3) adaptive and flexible implementation. According to its proponents, EBM can generate management that is not only ecologically sensitive and responsive to new scientific information but also widely accepted. Application of EBM has yielded some important environmental benefits, including improvements in scientists’ understanding of large-scale ecosystems. Those advances in knowledge, however, have not necessarily translated into the kinds of political and policy changes that the proponents of EBM had hoped for. Nor have they yielded more resilient ecosystems. Instead, in prominent cases of EBM, powerful interests have dominated the collaborative planning process, and flexible implementation has allowed those who are not committed to evade responsibility for implementing environmental sustainability measures. Simply enhancing scientific models to better assess complex risks will not ensure that EBM yields genuine ecological restoration. Also important are a credible and stringent regulatory framework and political leaders who place a premium on ecological integrity.
The relationship between social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms among youth exposed to a natural disaster.

Background: Children are a vulnerable population following a natural disaster, due to their age and dependence on adults. The primary presenting problem children report after disasters is posttraum...
Mechanism for negative water balance during weightlessness An hypothesis

The mechanism for the apparent decrease in body fluid volume in astronauts during spaceflight remains obscure. The widespread postulate that the hypohydration is the result of the Henry-Gauer reflex, a diuresis caused by inhibition of vasopressin secretion resulting from increased left and perhaps right atrial (central) venous pressure, has not been established with direct measurements on astronauts. An hypothesis is proposed to account for fluid-electrolyte shifts during weightlessness. A moderate but transient increase in central venous pressure occurs when orbit is entered that is insufficient to activate the Henry-Gauer reflex but sufficient to stimulate the release of atrial natriuretic peptides. Increased sodium excretion would facilitate some increased urinary water loss. The resulting relatively dilute plasma and interstitial fluids would cause fluid to shift into the cellular space, resulting in edema in the head and trunk and inhibition of thirst and drinking. Thus the negative water balance in astronauts would be caused by a gradual natriuresis and diuresis coupled with reduced fluid intake.
Analyzing Stylometric Approaches to Author Obfuscation

Authorship attribution is an important and emerging security tool. However, just as criminals may wear gloves to hide their fingerprints, so too may criminal authors mask their writing styles to escape detection. Most authorship studies have focused on cooperative and/or unaware authors who do not take such precautions. This paper analyzes the methods implemented in the Java Graphical Authorship Attribution Program (JGAAP) against essays in the Brennan-Greenstadt obfuscation corpus that were written in deliberate attempts to mask style. The results demonstrate that many of the more robust and accurate methods implemented in JGAAP are effective in the presence of active deception.
Constructing Citizenship: Exclusion and Inclusion Through the Governance of Basic Necessities

While income inequality has become an increasingly central focal point for public policy debate and public law scholarship, systemic inequality and exclusion are produced not just by disparities in income but rather by more hidden and pernicious background rules that systematically disadvantage and subordinate constituencies. This paper focuses on a particularly crucial — and often underappreciated — site for the construction and contestation of systemic inequality and exclusion: the provision of, and terms of access to, basic necessities like water, housing, or healthcare. We can think of these necessities as “public goods” in a broader moral and political sense: these are foundational goods and services that make other forms of social, economic, or political activity possible, and thus carry a greater moral and political importance. This paper argues that the way in which we administer these essential public goods represents one of the major ways in which law and public policy constructs systemic forms of inequality and exclusion. Conversely, the paper also argues that promoting equality and inclusion requires a more inclusionary approach to the administration of these public goods. In Part I the paper develops the central theoretical argument that the provision of and access to basic necessities constitutes a central vector for structural inequality and exclusion — and more broadly, for the moral ideals of inclusion, equality, and citizenship itself. The importance of these public goods makes communities subordinate and vulnerable to those actors that can exert control over these goods. This normative critique parallels historical efforts to secure greater economic and social citizenship in part by contesting the power of actors that control infrastructure, from the Progressive Era fights over public utilities to civil rights battles over public accommodations. Part II then identifies three specific patterns of structural exclusion produced through the maladministration of these public goods: bureaucratic exclusion, fragmentation, and privatization. These three strategies are more subtle than direct denial of access; they represent a kind of “second-order” exclusion operating through background rules of governance and administration. Part III then imagines what a more inclusionary governance regime built to prevent these more subtle forms of exclusion would look like. Here the paper identifies three particular strategies for inclusionary administration of public goods: expanded enforcement authority; greater governmental accountability; and direct public provision. Finally, Part IV of the paper concludes by linking this exploration of structural inequality, exclusion, and public goods to broader debates in public law scholarship, including the recently renewed interest in legal scholarship on questions of political economy, power, and the administrative state.
Molecular phylogeny of the diatom genera Amphora and Halamphora (Bacillariophyta) with a focus on morphological and ecological evolution

The taxonomic history of the diatom genus Amphora is one of a broad early morphological concept resulting in the inclusion of a diversity of taxa, followed by an extended period of revision and refinement. The introduction of molecular systematics has increased the pace of revision and has largely resolved the relationships between the major lineages, indicating homoplasy in the evolution of amphoroid symmetry. Within the two largest monophyletic lineages, the genus Halamphora and the now taxonomically refined genus Amphora, the intrageneric morphological and ecological relationships have yet to be explored within a phylogenetic framework. Critical among this is whether the range of morphological features exhibited within these diverse genera are reflective of evolutionary groupings or, as with many previously studied amphoroid features, are nonhomologous when examined phylogenetically. Presented here is a four-marker molecular phylogeny that includes 31 taxa from the genus Amphora and 77 taxa from the genus Halamphora collected from fresh, brackish, and salt waters from coastal and inland habitats of the United States and Japan. These phylogenies illustrate complex patterns in the evolution of frustule morphology and ecology within the genera and the implications of this on the taxonomy, classification, and organization of the genera are discussed.
PD-1 blockade does not enhance T cell reactivity to autologous tumor cells ex vivo in breast cancer. (TUM2P.1013)

Recent efforts to identify the antigens tumor specific T cells target have suggested PD-1+ T cells target epitopes made up from mutated proteins. To investigate this possibility in patients with breast carcinoma, a cancer with few mutated antigens, we sought out T cells that specifically react and kill autologous tumor cells. We found that PD-1 was highly expressed on both CD4 and CD8 T cells in the tumor and tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) of breast cancer patients and to a lower extent on circulating T cells. To investigate tumor reactivity, we co-cultured CD8 T cells from tumor, TDLN, or PBMCs with autologous cancer cells overnight. Very low numbers of T cells were found to react to autologous tumor cells by measurement of either CD137 expression or IFNy secretion. Performing the same experiment in the presence of PD-1 blockade did not increase reactive T cell numbers. We have also found that there is a correlation of reduced T cell functionality and PD-1 expression in T cell clones even in the absence of PD-1 ligands. This data suggests that PD-1+ T cells in cancers with a high mutation rate may be able to be restored via PD-1 blockade, while PD-1+ T cells in cancers with few mutations may be self-antigen specific T cells that may have undergone irreversible tolerance. Such data has strong implications for checkpoint blockade therapy.
Reductions in Kinematics from Brassieres with Varying Breast Support

Given the abundance of brassieres, manufacturers, and investigations of bras, it remains unclear whether the continued development of bras will provide many additional improvements in support. This study measured performance of sport bras including 4 popular bras and a new style bra at reducing breast motion during five common exercises. Bras demonstrated varying effectiveness and consistency across exercises at reducing undesirable breast motion, (hereafter referred to as kinematics). The new style bra significantly reduced vertical breast displacement and acceleration more consistently than other bras. When significant differences between bras were detected, the newer bra provided 31% greater reduction in vertical displacements and accelerations on average than other bras. Lateral reductions were smaller, less significant and no differences between bras were detected. When participants evaluated bras in terms of performance and ease of use, the newer bra was rated better than other bras by nearly a two to one ratio. There were no differences in how the bras felt, or in terms of pain and discomfort. Correlations between participant comfort and reductions in kinematics were weak and inconsistent. Results suggest continued bra development is possible in order to reduce undesirable motion especially in terms of reducing lateral motion. Additional investigation is required to examine the mechanistic reasons why bras improve comfort and potentially performance.
Ongoing solution reproducibility of earth system models as they progress toward exascale computing

We present a methodology for solution reproducibility for the Energy Exascale Earth System Model during its ongoing software infrastructure development to prepare for exascale computers. The nonlin...
Identification of potentially actionable mutations in RTKs in melanoma detected by next generation sequencing (NGS).

9064 Background: The success of personalized cancer therapies targeting patients with specific actionable mutations underscores the need to expand the search for relevant mutations with functional ...
ConvPDE-UQ: Convolutional neural networks with quantified uncertainty for heterogeneous elliptic partial differential equations on varied domains

Abstract In this work, we introduce the ConvPDE-UQ framework for constructing light-weight numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs) using convolutional neural networks. A theoretical justification for the neural network approximation to partial differential equation solvers on varied domains is established based on the existence and properties of Green's functions. These solvers are able to effectively reduce the computational demands of traditional numerical methods into a single forward-pass of a convolutional network. The network architecture is also designed to predict pointwise Gaussian posterior distributions, with weights trained to minimize the associated negative log-likelihood of the observed solutions. This setup facilitates simultaneous training and uncertainty quantification for the network's solutions, allowing the solver to provide pointwise uncertainties for its predictions. The associated training procedure avoids the computationally expensive Bayesian inference steps used by other state-of-the-art uncertainty models and allows training to be scaled to the large data sets required for learning on varied problem domains. The performance of the framework is demonstrated on three distinct classes of PDEs consisting of two linear elliptic problem setups and a nonlinear Poisson problem. After a single offline training procedure for each class, the proposed networks are capable of accurately predicting the solutions to linear and nonlinear elliptic problems with heterogeneous source terms defined on any specified two-dimensional domain using just a single forward-pass of a convolutional neural network. Additionally, an analysis of the predicted pointwise uncertainties is presented with experimental evidence establishing the validity of the network's uncertainty quantification schema.
A Review of "Housing in America: an introduction", By Marijoan Bull and Alina Gross

Housing in America is an introductory textbook and, for the most part, an excellent one. The book would serve very well for undergraduate classes in housing or urban studies. It might also serve as...
Meningococcal Quinolone Resistance Originated from Several Commensal Neisseria Species.

Quinolone resistance is increasing in Neisseria meningitidis, with its prevalence in China being high (>70%), but its origin remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the donors of mutation-harboring gyrA alleles in N. meningitidis A total of 198 N. meningitidis isolates and 293 commensal Neisseria isolates were collected between 2005 and 2018 in Shanghai, China. The MICs of ciprofloxacin were determined using the agar dilution method. The resistance-associated genes gyrA and parC were sequenced for all isolates, while a few isolates were sequenced on the Illumina platform. The prevalences of quinolone resistance in the N. meningitidis and commensal Neisseria isolates were 67.7% (134/198) and 99.3% (291/293), respectively. All 134 quinolone-resistant N. meningitidis isolates possessed mutations in T91 (n = 123) and/or D95 (n = 12) of GyrA, with 7 isolates also harboring ParC mutations and exhibiting higher MICs. Phylogenetic analysis of the gyrA sequence identified six clusters. Among the 71 mutation-harboring gyrA alleles found in 221 N. meningitidis isolates and genomes (n = 221), 12 alleles (n = 103, 46.6%) were included in the N. meningitidis cluster, while 20 alleles (n = 56) were included in the N. lactamica cluster, 27 alleles (n = 49) were included in the N. cinerea cluster, and 9 alleles (n = 10) were included in the N. subflava cluster. Genomic analyses identified the exact N. lactamica donors of seven mutation-harboring gyrA alleles (gyrA92, gyrA97, gyrA98, gyrA114, gyrA116, gyrA151, and gyrA230) and the N. subflava donor isolate of gyrA171, with the sizes of the recombinant fragments ranging from 634 to 7,499 bp. Transformation of gyrA fragments from these donor strains into a meningococcal isolate increased its ciprofloxacin MIC from 0.004 μg/ml to 0.125 or 0.19 μg/ml and to 0.5 μg/ml with further transformation of an additional ParC mutation. Over half of the quinolone-resistant N. meningitidis isolates acquired resistance by horizontal gene transfer from three commensal Neisseria species. Quinolone resistance in N. meningitidis increases in a stepwise manner.
21 – Human Learning

Publisher Summary Brain imaging is one of the few techniques that can be used in humans to determine directly the changes that take place in the brain when a specific task is learned. This chapter focuses on the ways these changes in behavior are accompanied by changes in brain activations, brain areas in which changes can be found, and the underlying brain mechanisms that are responsible for the observed changes. Brain imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography, measuring changes in regional cerebral blood flow; and functional magnetic resonance imaging, measuring changes in blood oxygenation levels, are very suitable methods to study these changes because they are able to measure the entire brain at once. The use of neuroimaging techniques has resulted in an improved understanding of the role of the cerebellum. Results from several studies have shown that the cerebellum not only is involved in motor control but also contributes to higher processing including learning. Activation of the basal ganglia, with the caudate nucleus and the putamen and the globus pallidus as major components, has been reported in most functional imaging studies using motor tasks.
A prototype open-ended multichannel intracavitary-interstitial hybrid applicator for gynecological high-dose-rate brachytherapy

This manuscript introduces a novel open-ended, multichannel intracavitary-interstitial hybrid applicator for gynecological high-dose-rate brachytherapy. A prototype was three-dimensionally (3D) printed using polylactic acid. The device was 25 mm in diameter and 150 mm in length, with eight evenly spaced peripheral channels around a central tandem channel, each 2.7 mm in diameter and with 2 mm source-to-cylinder-surface-distance. In contrast to conventional multichannel applicators, the new hybrid applicator was designed with open distal ends. Interstitial needles utilized in peripheral channels provided a closed environment for sources. The applicator body served as a template to aid in the placement of central tandem and peripheral needles. The physical prototype appropriately accommodated needles, tandem, and locking devices and, thus, was deemed magnetic resonance (MR) conditional. In our retrospective in silico studies of two representative prior patients, we simultaneously increased the target coverage and decreased the organ-at-risk (OAR) dose to 2 cc (D2cc). Specifically, the minimum dose covering 90% of the volume (D90%) was improved by 2.1% (9.2%) minimum (maximum) of the prescription dose. Additionally, the OAR D2cc was decreased by 0.5% (4.5%), 8.2% (12.9%), 3.9% (9.2%), and 4.6% (19.8%) minimum (maximum) of the prescription dose to the sigmoid, bladder, rectum, and bowel, respectively. This prototype demonstrated significant potential for patients in whom it would be useful to provide multichannel capabilities beyond the applicator body.
Factors associated with referral for perioperative geriatric comanagement (GERI-CO) program in 12,398 older adults with cancer.

12034Background: At ASCO 2019, we showed that the Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) Geriatric Co-management (GERI-CO) program was associated with improvement in 90-day postoperative mortality rate. No...
A Stacked-Complementary 5 GHz Oscillator With Even-Only Differential Harmonic Shaping Achieving −150 dBc/Hz Phase Noise at 10-MHz Offset Using Body-Biased Thin-Oxide 22-nm FDSOI

This letter proposes a 5-GHz stacked-complementary oscillator (SCO) that uses high-quality factor ( $Q$ ) single-turn nested differential inductors to achieve very low tank fundamental impedance $R_{\mathrm{ Tank}}$ and even-harmonic shaping. The complementary nature of nMOS and pMOS is exploited to achieve second and fourth harmonic common-mode resonances using differential-only inductors with higher $Q$ compared to the conventional single-ended tail filter. The complementary-stacked topology ensures the voltage between any two device terminals remains within reliable limits, while the body-bias is used to set the oscillator class with much lower noise sensitivity compared to the standard gate biasing. The SCO achieves < −150 dBc/Hz phase noise at 10-MHz offset across the tuning range from 4.75 to 5.4 GHz and a supply frequency pushing better than 20 MHz/V, while using thin-oxide devices operated from 0.6 V in a 22-nm technology node. The SCO meets the stringent phase noise requirements of the GSM standard while keeping a figure-of-merit (FoM) of 191–193 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset.
Assessing the cost-utility of preferentially administering Heplisav-B vaccine to certain populations

Abstract Vaccination is the primary strategy to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the United States. Prior to 2017, most standard hepatitis B vaccine schedules required 3 doses over 6 months. Heplisav-B, approved in 2017, is administered in 2 doses over a 1 month time period but has a higher per-dose cost ($115.75 per dose compared to $57.25 per Engerix-B dose, costs as of June 1, 2019). We aimed to assess the cost-utility of providing the two-dose Heplisav-B vaccine compared to a three-dose Engerix-B vaccine among adult populations currently recommended for vaccination against hepatitis B. We used a decision-tree model with microsimulation and a Markov disease progression process to assess the cost-utility separately for the following populations: adults with diabetes, obesity, chronic kidney disease, HIV; non-responders to previous hepatitis B vaccination; older adults; and persons who inject drugs (PWID). We modeled epidemiologic outcomes (incident HBV infections, sequelae and related deaths), costs (2019 USD) and benefits (quality-adjusted life years, QALYs) and compared them across strategies. Sensitivity analyses assessed the cost-utility at varying estimates of Heplisav-B efficacy. In the base case scenario for each population, vaccination with Heplisav-B resulted in fewer HBV infections (37.5–59.8% averted), sequelae, and HBV-related deaths (36.3–71.4% averted). Heplisav-B resulted in decreased costs and increased benefits compared to Engerix-B for all populations except non-responders. Incremental costs from the baseline strategy ranged from $4746.78 saved (PWID) to $14.15 added cost (non-responders). Incremental benefits per person ranged from 0.00005 QALYs (older adults) to 0.7 QALYs (PWID). For persons with HIV and PWID, Heplisav-B resulted in lower costs and increased benefits in all scenarios in which Heplisav-B series efficacy was at least 80%. Vaccination using Heplisav-B is a cost-saving strategy compared to Engerix-B for adults with diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and HIV; older adults; and PWID.
A Class of Weakly Induced Spaces and its Application to the Theory of Embedding

Induced spaces play a rather important role in the study of L-fuzzy topology. The reason lies in that, at first, they are generated by topological spaces naturally, hence the rationality of the fuzzifications of the basic topological notions should be examined in these spaces; Secondly, the topologies of these spacees just consist of all the lower semicontinuous functions, so the study of them has a global analysis flavour in itself. Weakly induced spaces are a kind of spaces which are closely related to induced spaces and they have many good properties. The purpose of this paper is to find a class of weakly induced spaces which has close connection with L-fuzzy topological spaces (not only topological spaces).
Project, District and Teacher Levels: Insights from Professional Learning in a CS RPP Collaboration

This paper presents an experience report from an NSF-funded researcher-practitioner partnership (RPP) project. Based on a collaboration among two public research universities and three urban school districts in the Northeast USA, the goal of the project is to establish an institutionalized middle school computer science curriculum in the districts. The CS curriculum incorporates digital literacy skills as an integral aspect of learning computer science, and is based on students developing mobile apps that provide social and community good. Here, we share our professional learning process during the project's first year, which had been developed iteratively and dynamically adjusted to a remote format in response to exigencies of Spring 2020. The paper includes analysis of three data sets from teacher-participants: (1) their questions about the nature of the project, which we categorized into three levels: project, district and teacher levels. These questions bridge the visions and knowledge among different groups of the project partners; (2) analysis of semi-structured interview conversations with more than half of the teacher-participants; and (3) teacher survey responses. Our findings include two recommendations: that RPP projects elicit teacher questions to illuminate the three levels identified, and use strategies that engage teachers in designing a professional learning process for teaching computer science.
A reactive transport approach to modeling cave seepage water chemistry II: Elemental signatures

Abstract Karst systems are useful for examining spatial and temporal variability in Critical Zone processes because they provide a window into the subsurface where waters have interacted with vegetation, soils, regolith, and bedrock across a range of length and timescales. These hydrologic pathways frequently include the precipitation of speleothems, which provide long-term archives of climate and environmental change. Trace element ratios in speleothems (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca) have the potential to provide information about past changes in rainfall and infiltration, but controls on them can be complex and their interpretation must be based on an understanding of the modern cave system. Here we integrate observations of surface conditions, bedrock, soil, and drip water chemistry of Blue Spring Cave in Tennessee, USA with the reactive transport model CrunchTope, which we have calibrated for karst systems to investigate the primary controls on trace element variations in cave seepage waters. We find that measured drip water Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca are captured within the model through variable amounts of limestone dissolution followed by precipitation of secondary calcite that happens within the cave rather than the host limestone. However, strong spatial controls on drip water Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca likely reflect seepage water interactions with variable amounts of diagenetic phases in the host rock. In contrast, Ba/Ca values are consistent across the cave and vary with effective rainfall, suggesting that this parameter may be the most consistent metric for limestone dissolution and prior calcite precipitation and can act as a proxy for rainfall and infiltration in this cave system. Our findings emphasize the importance of evaluating spatial heterogeneity in cave drip waters and outline a novel modeling approach for determining the dominant controls on drip water chemistry in support of the interpretations of paleoclimate records.
Outsiders-within-Library and Information Science: Reprioritizing the marginalized in critical sociocultural work

Abstract While there are calls for new paradigms within the profession, there are also existing subgenres that fit this bill if they would be fully acknowledged. This essay argues that underreprese...