cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Seismic Performance of Innovative Hollow-Core FRP–Concrete–Steel Bridge Columns

Abstract This paper presents the seismic behavior of hollow-core fiber-reinforced polymer–concrete–steel (HC-FCS) columns. The typical HC-FCS column consists of a concrete wall sandwiched between an outer fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tube and an inner steel tube. The inner steel and outer FRP tubes provide continuous confinement for the concrete shell; hence, the concrete shell achieves significantly higher strain, strength, and ductility than unconfined concrete in conventional columns. Three large-scale HC-FCS columns were investigated in this study. Each column had an outer diameter of 610 mm (24 in.) and a height-to-diameter ratio of 4.0. The steel tube was embedded into a reinforced concrete footing with an embedded length of 1.6–1.8 times the steel tube diameter, whereas the FRP tube only confined the concrete wall thickness and truncated at the top of the footing level. In general, the columns exhibited high lateral drift, reaching to 11.6%, and failed gradually as a result of concrete crushing a...
Comprehensive Women’s Mental Health

Comprehensive Women's Health provides the reader with an extensive and rich explanation of mental health issues affecting special populations and diverse cultures. The first chapter, “Surviving Their Lives, Women's Mental Health in Context,” does a fine job explaining the purpose of the book: “The evidence presented in this chapter makes a strong case for concluding that mental health practitioners need to understand women's distress in the context of the complexity of their lives and with an appreciation of the ways gender, ethnicity and other social inequalities affect service responses. In short, they need to take a gender-informed approach to working with women” (p. 7). This book is appropriate for use as a textbook, as a reference resource in an academic or hospital library, or further exploration of issues relating to women's mental health.
Predictors of hepatitis C testing intention among African American Baby Boomers

Abstract Baby Boomers (BBs) are responsible for three-quarters of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the United States; however, HCV testing is distinctly underused by them. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of HCV testing and to evaluate predictors of HCV testing intention among African–American BBs. The study was guided by the Health Belief Model and theory of reasoned action frameworks. Of the 137 participants included in the study, 44.8% had at least a college education; 13.9% received prior to 1992 blood transfusion. Findings related to HCV testing showed that 32.1% of the participants intended to test for HCV within 6 months and 43.8% had received a previous HCV test. Significant predictors of HCV testing intention within 6 months included having a blood transfusion prior to 1992 [odds ratio (OR) = 8.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.02–33.61], perceptions of benefits (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.13–2.18), severity (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.17–1.65), and subjective norms (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12–1.79). These predictors of HCV testing intention can be used to develop future HCV testing initiatives for African–American BBs.
A Framework of Health Information Retrieval for Aging Population

Aging populations have a huge demand of searching health information online. However, for their relatively worse physical ability and cognitive ability, normal searching interface may not be able to fulfill aging people's special demands. In our work, we point out the problem which aging populations are facing when they use the normal online searching system. Then, we propose our interactive health information retrieval framework for aging populations using actual pages from the WebMD.com, a popular website where people search for health information. There are three phases in our proposed framework: the retrieval model design, the interface design and the evaluation design. We hope our interface could help aging users obtain better experience when they search for healthcare information online.
Q&A Marek Kukula

The Public Astronomer at the Royal Observatory Greenwich is the first winner of the RAS Annie Maunder Medal for outreach and public engagement.
ADDITIONAL EFFECT OF TRIGGER POINT THERAPY AND MYO FASCIAL RELEASE ON SECOND STAGE FROZEN SHOULDER AMONG INDUSTRIAL WORKERS

Background and Purpose: Frozen shoulder is a common condition commonly affecting 2-5% of the industrial population typically between 40 and 60 years of age . Most of the studies were analysed the individual interventions and did not investigate the combination of interventions. The purpose of this study is to find two different forms of massage techniques Trigger Point therapy and Myofascial release in second stage of Frozen Shoulder to reduce pain and improve the Range of motion. Subjects: 30 subjects working in industry with unilateral second stage frozen shoulder lasting 3 months or more and 25% decrease in passive joint mobility relative to the non affected side were enrolled in this study. Methods: Subjects who were willing to participate in the study and to fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study and they were divided into two Groups (A and B) randomly. Group A was treated with Trigger Point therapy, Myofascial release, Scapula Stabilization Exercises, and Interferential Therapy (IFT) and Group B were treated only with Scapula Stabilization Exercises and IFT. The duration of treatment was 4 weeks and they were assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks. Outcome measures included pain intensity by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Range of Motion (ROM) by goniometer. Results: S ubjects in both Groups improved over 4 weeks after intervention. Significant (p ? 0.05) difference were found between both Groups after 4 weeks in VAS and ROM. But statistically (p ? 0.05) greater change scores were found in the Group A for VAS and ROM than Group B. Discussion and Conclusion : Group A and B was effective in reducing pain and improving the ROM in patients with second stage of Frozen Shoulder. However, subjects in Group A, who received Trigger Point therapy and Myofascial release showed better improvement in reduce pain and improve the ROM than Group B. In conclusion the treatment program consisting of Trigger Point therapy and Myofascial release may be more effective in reducing pain and improving the ROM in second stage Frozen Shoulder among industrial workers.
Meaning Making in Nonprofit Organizations: Developmental Profiles of Engaged Donors

Developmental theorists agree that, over the course of a lifetime, an adult develops an increasingly complex mental map. This map is, essentially, the person’s meaning-making software, and it evolv...
Gastroenterology and pancreatic adenocarcinoma: what the radiologist needs to know

In this article, we review the information that radiologists need to know regarding the endoscopic approach to the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer. This includes a review of the indications, techniques, and complications of endoscopic ultrasound. We also review information regarding endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, including the various biliary drainage techniques and the use of endoscopic palliation for patients with pancreatic cancer.
The N-Stein Family

The work of Newstein is now so familiar to us, thanks to Professor Stachel’s efforts, that it bears only the briefest recapitulation. Sometime after 1880 but before the advent of general relativity, Newstein brooded on the equality of inertial and gravitational mass. Through an ingenious thought experiment—the Newstein elevator—he hit upon the idea of an essential unity of gravitation and inertia. This was expressed in the indistinguishability of the effects of acceleration in a uniformly accelerated frame of reference from a homogeneous gravitational field in an inertial frame of reference. Now having to consider the behavior of the gravitational force as it is transformed from unaccelerated to accelerated frames of reference, Newstein found it no longer behaved like the familiar vector. Puzzled, he turned to his mathematician friend Weylmann, another neglected figure in history of mathematics. His extraordinary achievement, as revealed by Professor Stachel, was to formulate the notion of affine connection around 1880, decades before the much better known formulation of Levi-Civita of 1917. Weylmann recognized that the puzzling transformation behavior of gravitational force was simply that of the components of a four-dimensional affine connection.
Marking and Erasure: On Captain John Smith’s “THE SEA MARKE”

Captain John Smith’s “The Sea Marke” was first published as preface to his last book, Advertisments for the Unexperienced Planters of New England, or Any Where. Or, the Pathway to Experience to Ere...
A pilot study on nutrients, antimicrobial proteins, and bacteria in commerce-free models for exchanging expressed human milk in the USA.

Expressed human milk can be donated or sold through a variety of channels, including human milk banks, corporations or individuals, or peer-to-peer milk sharing. There is a paucity of research regarding the nutrient and bioactive profiles of expressed human milk exchanged through commerce-free scenarios, including peer-to-peer milk sharing. The study objective was to evaluate the macronutrient, antimicrobial protein, and bacteria composition in expressed human milk acquired via commerce-free arrangements. Expressed human milk samples were collected from the following commerce-free scenarios: milk expressed for a mother's or parent's own infant (MOM; N = 30); unpasteurized milk donated to a non-profit milk bank (BANKED; N = 30); milk expressed for peer-to-peer milk sharing (SHARED; N = 31); and health professional-facilitated milk sharing where donors are serologically screened and milk is dispensed raw (SCREENED; N = 30). Analyses were conducted for total protein, lactose, percent fat and water, lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin A (IgA) activity, total aerobic bacteria, coliform, and Staphylococcus aureus. No bacterial growth was observed in 52/121 samples, and 15/121 had growth greater than 5.0 log colony-forming units/mL. There was no evidence of differences by groups (p > .05) in lactose, fat, water, lysozyme activity, sIgA activity, aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and S. aureus. Mean protein values (95% confidence interval) were 1.5 g/dL (1.4, 1.6) for BANKED, 1.4 g/dL (1.3, 1.5) for MOM, 1.6 g/dL (1.5, 1.7) for SCREENED, and 1.5 g/dL (1.4, 1.6) for SHARED, which was not significantly different (p = .081). This research contributes to growing literature on the risks and benefits of uncompensated, peer-to-peer milk sharing.
Predictors of outcomes in patients with gastric cancer treated with contemporary multimodality strategies-a single institution experience.

Background: While gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Eastern Europe and Asia, it is less common in the United States. Recommendations regarding optimal treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer with regard to type and extent of surgery, choice and sequence of chemotherapeutic agents, and use of radiation therapy vary somewhat depending on geographic location. There is paucity in the literature for direct comparison of various practices. To determine how variability in treatment practices affects patient outcomes, we conducted a retrospective study in patients with gastric cancer who had multimodality treatment for non-metastatic gastric cancer. Methods: We gathered clinical data (patient demographics, pathology reports, type of surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy) for patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent gastrectomy at five sites from 2010–2017 using Electronic Health Records and California Cancer Registry databases. Medical chart reviews were conducted to validate patient outcomes. We performed multivariate Cox regression analyses to determine predictors for cancer recurrence and survival. We also performed logistic regression analyses to determine predictors of positive resection margins and hospitalization. Results: One hundred and sixteen patients met eligibility criteria to be included. Mean age was 65.7± 11.6 years. About 65.5% were male. The most common ethnicities were Asian (44.0%) and Caucasian (37.9%). About 58.6% of the patients had localized disease (defined as pT1–3, pN0) and the remaining 41.4% had loco-regional disease (i.e., pT4 or pN+). About 41.4% of the tumors were diffuse, 27.6% intestinal, 12.0% mixed, and 19.0% unknown histology. Surgery included laparoscopic (94.8%) and open gastrectomy (5.2%). Chemotherapy and radiation therapy were given in 51.7% and 19.0% of the patients, respectively. After a median follow-up time of 19 months after gastrectomy, 16.4% of patients had recurrence and 19.8% had died. Patients who had loco-regional tumors were more likely to have recurrence and death than those who had localized tumors (hazard ratios =7.0, P=0.0228 for recurrence and hazard ratios =3.3, P=0.0160 for death). Positive resection margins were seen in 9% of the patients and were associated with diffuse histology (odds ratio =6.6, P=0.0207). Hospitalization within six months of gastrectomy was seen in 22% of the patients. Peri-operative chemotherapy was the only significant predictor for re-hospitalization (odds ratio =3.5, P=0.0415). Conclusions: In this contemporary cohort of patients with localized gastric cancer, only the pathological stage was significantly associated with survival while positive resection margins were associated with diffuse histology. Closer monitoring of patients undergoing perioperative chemotherapy within 6 months of surgery is warranted based on our observation of higher rate of re-hospitalization.
Rev. of Canadian Graphic: Picturing Life Narratives

Rev. of Canadian Graphic: Picturing Life Narratives CANDIDA RIFKIND & LINDA WARLEY (Eds). Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2016 320 pp., CAN$29.99 (Paperback), ISBN 978-1-7711-2179-8Graphic-memoir...
Social Security Reforms

The Social Security system has two distinct goals: first, to provide insurance provisions such as disability benefits and survivor benefits for children and widow(er)s and, second, to provide retirement income to workers. There are good reasons to separate the insurance portion of the system from the retirement-income portion. In this article, suggestions are made pertaining to the insurance portion of the system, and recommendations are then made pertaining to the retirement-income portion of the system. The key principle behind reforms of the retirement-income portion of the system is that it should be primarily a required-savings program, and not primarily an income-redistribution program. Reform proposals are then evaluated with this guiding principle in mind. TOPICS:Retirement, legal/regulatory/public policy
Exploring Multiple Disciplines in Building Design Practice

While there are numerous benefits to working in teams comprising multiple disciplines, we do not have sufficient documented information on the functioning of multi-disciplinary teams in the building design context. As functioning impacts project outcomes, an understanding of the operation of building design teams comprising multiple disciplines is important. To contribute to the body of knowledge that addresses this gap, this paper examines literature on disciplinary types and team performance. Using an analytic framework identified in literature, this paper studies the organizational and social aspects of building design practice in order to shed light on the ways in which the multiple disciplines involved building design work together. Findings presented in this paper suggest that building design teams combine and integrate knowledge, skills and capabilities in a multidisciplinary manner. In addition, this paper discusses four social and organizational characteristics of multidisciplinary building design teams – the project delivery approach, disciplinary roles, preexisting social and professional relationships, and location and geographic proximity – and documents their impacts on team functioning.
Global- and Item-Level Model Fit Indices

One of the primary goals in cognitive diagnosis is to use the item responses from a cognitive diagnostic assessment to make inferences about what skills a test-taker has. Much of the research to date has focused on parametric inference in cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs), which requires that the parametric model used for inference does an adequate job of describing the item response distribution of the population of examinees being studied. Whatever the type of model misspecification or misfit, users of CDMs need tools to investigate model-data misfit from a variety of angles. In this chapter we separate the model fit methods into four categories defined by two aspects of the methods: (1) the level of the fit analysis, i.e., global/test-level versus item-level; and (2) the choice of the alternative model for comparison, i.e., an alternative CDM (relative fit) or a saturated categorical model (absolute fit).
Dark Mores: Some Comments on Tommie Shelby’s Dark Ghettos: Injustice, Dissent, and Reform

Tommie Shelby’s Dark Ghettos: Injustice, Dissent, and Reform is a major contribution to black political thought and the theorization of racial justice more generally. In these brief comments, I begin by situating Shelby’s work both in the Anglo-American political tradition and the Afro-modern political tradition. While praising the accomplishment that Shelby’s book represents, I nonetheless go on to point out some obstacles to his project arising from the tensions between these traditions. Using the concept of “dark mores” (a racially differentiated ethic coming in both white and black versions), I argue that Shelby’s racially revisionist Rawlsianism is pre-empted by Rawls’s own restrictions on the scope of his theory, while Shelby’s invocation of “reciprocity” as a key norm is undermined by the structural asymmetries of a racist society.
Operating Electric Vehicle Fleet for Ride-Hailing Services With Reinforcement Learning

Providing ride-hailing services with electric vehicles can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and solve the last mile problem. This paper develops a reinforcement learning based algorithm to operate a community owned electric vehicle fleet, which provides ride-hailing services to local residents. The goals of operating the electric vehicle fleet are to minimize customer waiting time, electricity cost, and operational costs of the vehicles. A novel framework characterized by decentralized learning and centralized decision making is proposed to solve the electric vehicle fleet dispatch problem. The decentralized learning process allows the individual vehicles to share their operating experiences and deep neural network model for state-value function estimation, which mitigates the curse of dimensionality of state and action domains. The centralized decision making framework converts the vehicle fleet coordination problem into a linear assignment problem, which has polynomial time complexity. Numerical study results show that the proposed approach outperforms the benchmark algorithms in terms of societal cost reduction.
Hybrid Simulation of Solar-Wind-Like Turbulence

We present 2.5D hybrid simulations of the spectral and thermodynamic evolution of an initial state of magnetic field and plasma variables that in many ways represents solar wind fluctuations. In accordance with Helios near-Sun high-speed stream observations, we start with Alfvenic fluctuations along a mean magnetic field in which the fluctuations in the magnitude of the magnetic field are minimized. Since fluctuations in the radial flow speed are the dominant free energy in the observed fluctuations, we include a field-aligned $v_{\|}(k_{\perp })$ with an $k^{ -1}$ spectrum of velocity fluctuations to drive the turbulent evolution. The flow rapidly distorts the Alfvenic fluctuations, yielding spectra (determined by spacecraft-like cuts) transverse to the field that become comparable to the $k_{\|}$ fluctuations, as in spacecraft observations. The initial near constancy of the magnetic field is lost during the evolution; we show this also takes place observationally. We find some evolution in the anisotropy of the thermal fluctuations, consistent with expectations based on Helios data. We present 2D spectra of the fluctuations, showing the evolution of the power spectrum and cross-helicity. Despite simplifying assumptions, many aspects of simulations and observations agree. The greatly faster evolution in the simulations is at least in part due to the small scales being simulated, but also to the non-equilibrium initial conditions and the relatively low overall Alfvenicity of the initial fluctuations.
The Role of Suspense in Gaming: Inducing Consumers’ Game Enjoyment

AbstractPrior research in games finds that suspense positively influences game enjoyment and that suspense consists of hope, fear, and uncertainty. Nonetheless, this prior work does not specify the...
Quality improvement of intravenous to oral medication conversion using Lean Six Sigma methodologies

Introduction Lack of medication conversion from intravenous to oral contributes to increased risk of infection, delayed discharges and higher medication costs. At our institution, intravenous to oral medication conversion rate was 76% with missed opportunity for conversion of 37%. The goal of the project was to reduce the percent of missed opportunities for intravenous to oral conversion for applicable medications. Methods A pharmacy-driven intravenous to oral policy and procedure was implemented. To identify potential opportunities, a patient worklist of applicable intravenous to oral medications was created for pharmacy review in real time. An intravenous to oral conversion order was implemented in the computerised provider order entry. ‘Convert to oral’ was added as an option in the electronic medication request and highlighted reminders were added to the electronic medication administration record for eligible medications. Results After improvements, the missed opportunity rate for intravenous to oral conversion decreased from 37% (19/51) to 21% (24/113) (p=0.04, two-proportion test), a 43% improvement. The trend in intravenous to oral conversion rate increased from 76% (39/51) to 85% (171/201) and severity adjusted length of stay was reduced from 8.1 days to 6.4 days post improvements (p
Optimization of in vitro trophoblast assay for real-time impedimetric sensing of trophoblast-erythrocyte interactions in Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) is responsible for the pathophysiology of placental malaria, leading to serious complications such as intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight. However, it is an experimental challenge to study the biology of human placenta. Conventional cell culture-based in vitro placental models rely on immunostaining techniques and high-magnification microscopy is limited in providing real-time quantitative analysis. Impedimetric sensing in combination with cell culture may offer a useful tool. In this paper, we report that real-time label-free measurement of cellular electrical impedance using xCELLigence technology can be used to quantify the proliferation, syncytial fusion, and long-term response of BeWo cells to IEs cytoadhesion. Specifically, we optimized key experimental parameters of cell seeding density and concentration of forskolin, a compound used to promote cell syncitiation, based on electrical signals and immunostaining results. Prolonged time of infection with IEs that led to cell-cell junction vanishment in BeWo cells and release of inflammatory cytokines were monitored in real time by continuous change in electrical impedance. The results suggest that the impedimetric technique is sensitive and can offer new opportunities for the study of cellular responses of trophoblast cells to IEs. The developed system can provide potentially a high-throughput screening tool of anti-adhesion or anti-inflammatory drugs for placental malaria infections.
Concordance Between Expert and Nonexpert Ratings of Condensed Video-Based Trainee Operative Performance Assessment

Objective We examined the impact of video editing and rater expertise in surgical resident evaluation on operative performance ratings of surgical trainees. Design Randomized independent review of intraoperative video. Setting Operative video was captured at a single, tertiary hospital in Boston, MA. Participants Six common general surgery procedures were video recorded of 6 attending-trainee dyads. Full-length and condensed versions (n = 12 videos) were then reviewed by 13 independent surgeon raters (5 evaluation experts, 8 nonexperts) using a crossed design. Trainee performance was rated using the Operative Performance Rating Scale, System for Improving and Measuring Procedural Learning (SIMPL) Performance scale, the Zwisch scale, and ten Cate scale. These ratings were then standardized before being compared using Bayesian mixed models with raters and videos treated as random effects. Results Editing had no effect on the Operative Performance Rating Scale Overall Performance (-0.10, p = 0.30), SIMPL Performance (0.13, p = 0.71), Zwisch (-0.12, p = 0.27), and ten Cate scale (-0.13, p = 0.29). Additionally, rater expertise (evaluation expert vs. nonexpert) had no effect on the same scales (-0.16 (p = 0.32), 0.18 (p = 0.74), 0.25 (p = 0.81), and 0.25 (p = 0.17). Conclusions There is little difference in operative performance assessment scores when raters use condensed videos or when raters who are not experts in surgical resident evaluation are used. Future validation studies of operative performance assessment scales may be facilitated by using nonexpert surgeon raters viewing videos condensed using a standardized protocol.
Quantifying Altered Neural Connectivity of the Stretch Reflex in Chronic Hemiparetic Stroke

Post-stroke flexion synergy limits arm/hand function and is also linked to hyperactive stretch reflexes or spasticity. It is implicated in the increased role of indirect motor pathways following damage to direct corticospinal projections. We hypothesized that this maladaptive neuroplasticity also affects stretch reflexes. Specifically, multi-synaptic interactions in indirect motor pathways may increase nonlinear neural connectivity and time lag between stretch and reflex muscle response. Continuous position perturbations were applied to the elbow joint when eleven participants with stroke generated two levels of shoulder abduction (SABD) torques with their paretic arm to induce synergy-related spasticity. Likewise, the perturbations were applied to eleven control subjects while performing SABD and elbow flexion levels matching the synergy torques in stroke. We quantified linear and non-linear connectivity and the corresponding time lags between perturbations and muscle activity. Enhanced nonlinear connectivity with a prolonged time lag was found in stroke as compared to controls. Non-linear connectivity and time lag also increased with the expression of the flexion synergy, as induced by greater SABD load levels, in stroke. This study provides new evidence of changes in neural connectivity and long-latency time lag in the stretch reflex response post-stroke. The results suggest the contribution of indirect motor pathways to synergy-related spasticity.
The Penn State Pediatric Total Artificial Heart

There is an unmet need for total circulatory support in infants on the waiting list for heart transplantation. Congenital defects and pulmonary dysfunction often require right heart support in addition to systemic support. Penn State is developing a pediatric total artificial heart (TAH) based on a 12 ml pulsatile VAD currently in preclinical testing. The TAH consists of independent left and right pulsatile pumps designed for orthotopic placement. An automatic control system ensures full-to-empty operation, estimates inlet and outlet pressures, and controls right pump output to safely limit left atrial pressure. A portable pneumatic driver has been developed. The TAH has been tested in a juvenile ovine model.
Writing of Moral Injury and Mental Wellness: A Book Review of Fidelis, by Teresa Fazio

In lyrical and brilliant prose, Fidelis offers a war story you have not read before. Women constitute approximately 15% of the armed services (Makowski & Everett, 2016; Murdoch et al., 2006), and represent a growing segment of the veteran population. Over 200,000 have deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan, yet their status as a numerical minority means that many of the war and war-injury stories we read about are from the perspective of male service members. Author Teresa Fazio’s unflinchingly honest book adds her voice to this space, and makes a sorely needed contribution to the dialogue about military women, mental health, and reentry to civilian life.
Complete and Circularized Genome Assemblies of the Kroppenstedtia eburnea Genus Type Strain and the Kroppenstedtia pulmonis Species Type Strain with MiSeq and MinION Sequence Data.

ABSTRACT Kroppenstedtia eburnea DSM 45196T and Kroppenstedtia pulmonis W9323T are aerobic, Gram-positive, filamentous, chemoorganotrophic thermoactinomycetes. Here, we report on the complete and circular genome assemblies generated using Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION reads. Putative gene clusters predicted to be involved in the production of secondary metabolites were also identified.
Ovarian Torsion in Adolescents

Adnexal torsion, including the ovary and/or fallopian tube, is one of the most common surgical emergencies of the female reproductive tract. Many ovarian and tubal pathologies can increase the risk for torsion. Endometriosis, in particular, increases this risk through ovarian or tubal endometriomas or reactive adhesive disease. Recommended management of adnexal torsion in adolescents is conservative, involving diagnostic laparoscopy, detorsion, cystectomy, and retention of the adnexa despite non-viable appearance.
Unimem: Runtime Data Management on Non-Volatile Memory-Based Heterogeneous Main Memory for High Performance Computing

Non-volatile memory (NVM) provides a scalable and power-efficient solution to replace dynamic random access memory (DRAM) as main memory. However, because of the relatively high latency and low bandwidth of NVM, NVM is often paired with DRAM to build a heterogeneous memory system (HMS). As a result, data objects of the application must be carefully placed to NVM and DRAM for the best performance. In this paper, we introduce a lightweight runtime solution that automatically and transparently manages data placement on HMS without the requirement of hardware modifications and disruptive change to applications. Leveraging online profiling and performance models, the runtime solution characterizes memory access patterns associated with data objects, and minimizes unnecessary data movement. Our runtime solution effectively bridges the performance gap between NVM and DRAM. We demonstrate that using NVM to replace the majority of DRAM can be a feasible solution for future HPC systems with the assistance of a software-based data management.
A rebuilding time model for Pacific salmon

Abstract We describe a new model developed for the purpose of projecting rebuilding periods for overfished Pacific salmon stocks as defined by the Pacific Fishery Management Council. The model has relatively low data requirements as it relies on past estimates of abundance to project future abundance, accounting for positive lag-1 autocorrelation if there is evidence of its existence. Replicate applications of the model allow for computation of the probability of achieving rebuilt status in future years. Application to simulated abundance and escapement data suggested that model-projected rebuilding times generally corresponded to simulated rebuilding times as raw errors were median unbiased. Simulations also suggested that results were generally robust to parameter misspecification and that increased levels of lag-1 autocorrelation in abundance were associated with longer rebuilding periods. The application of the model to five overfished stocks in 2018–2019 illustrated the differences in projected rebuilding times under alternative rebuilding management strategies. The model filled a need for relatively rapid assessment of alternative rebuilding strategies for Pacific salmon stocks, a need that will likely remain given current biological reference points and fluctuations in salmon abundance.
Simulation-based Assessment of Data-Driven Processes in Customer Support Systems

The use of digital technology and data-driven techniques in companies has become an engine to transform operations, respond rapidly to customer demands, and enable new business models. However, companies face the challenge of measuring and evaluating how the introduction of new technology will impact operational processes. This paper takes a systems approach to study how to assess the trade-offs of adopting data-driven mechanisms to improve operational processes in a multichannel customer support system. We investigate potential cost savings from two technology applications: classification methods to direct customers to efficient self-service communication channels and routing methods to match customers with agents based on the query type and available skill set. Discrete event simulation experiments model and evaluate how lower-level technology adoption, characterized purely on a functional level, affects system-level performance. Resulting discussions include practical examples of how operational managers could use experimental information to make strategic operational decisions when adopting data-driven technologies. What-if scenarios combine distinct configurations of the customer classification mechanisms and the available communication channels, to evaluate the reduction in the total number of agents needed to meet a target service quality level.
Tetraspanin LAMP3/CD63 physically and functionally interacts with extranuclear estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and regulates nonclassical ERα signaling pathways in breast cancer

147 Tetraspanin is a four transmembrane protein family whose members are regarded as molecular linkers. They also serve as scaffold proteins for many signaling processes. LAMP3/CD63 is a membrane of the tetraspanin family that serves as a lysosomal protein. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays critical roles in breast carcinogenesis. Extranuclear ERα could initiate rapid estrogen responses by forming protein complexes with many signaling molecules. Here, we report a novel protein complex formed between LAPM3/CD63 and extranuclear ERα. Immunoprecepitation (IP) experiments in MCF-7 cells showed that LAMP3 interacts with ERα at endogenous levels. IP experiments using extracts from different cellular compartments (nucleus, cytoplasm and plasma membrane) showed that the interaction between LAMP3 and ERα is mainly located on the plasma membrane. Moreover, using co-immunofluorescence (IF) staining, we found LAMP3 co-localized with ERα on plasma membrane and/or in the cytoplasm. To further explore the effects of LAMP3 on ERα signaling pathways, we stably knocked down LAMP3 by siRNA in MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, the expression of ERα was increased with lower expression of LAMP3. We further examined ERα from extracts of nucleus, cytoplasm, and membrane by western blots, and found that ERα in cytoplasm and/or membrane was increased by knocking down LAMP3 whereas the ERα level in the nucleus was not changed. IF staining showed similar results. Furthermore, both P-MAPK and P-AKT levels were up-regulated in the cell line with suppressed expression of LAMP3. These data suggest that the tetraspanin LAMP3/CD63 may facilitate the transport of ERα between plasma membrane and/or cytoplasm and nucleus, an important new function. These results may also indicate that LAMP3/CD63 could control intracellular trafficking of ERα as well as its lysosomal degradation. Thus, LAMP3/CD63 may play a key role on organizing and regulating nonclassical ERα signaling pathways.
Snapshot photoacoustic topography through an ergodic relay of optical absorption in vivo.

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) has demonstrated versatile biomedical applications, ranging from tracking single cells to monitoring whole-body dynamics of small animals and diagnosing human breast cancer. Currently, PAT has two major implementations: photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) and photoacoustic microscopy (PAM). PACT uses a multi-element ultrasonic array for parallel detection, which is relatively complex and expensive. In contrast, PAM requires point-by-point scanning with a single-element detector, which has a limited imaging throughput. The trade-off between the system cost and throughput demands a new imaging method. To this end, we have developed photoacoustic topography through an ergodic relay (PATER). PATER can capture a wide-field image with only a single-element ultrasonic detector upon a single laser shot. This protocol describes the detailed procedures for PATER system construction, including component selection, equipment setup and system alignment. A step-by-step guide for in vivo imaging of a mouse brain is provided as an example application. Data acquisition, image reconstruction and troubleshooting procedures are also elaborated. It takes ~130 min to carry out this protocol, including ~60 min for both calibration and snapshot wide-field data acquisition using a laser with a 2-kHz pulse repetition rate. PATER offers low-cost snapshot wide-field imaging of fast dynamics, such as visualizing blood pulse wave propagation and tracking melanoma tumor cell circulation in mice in vivo. We envision that PATER will have wide biomedical applications and anticipate that the compact size of the setup will allow it to be further developed as a wearable device to monitor human vital signs. This protocol describes how to implement in vivo snapshot photoacoustic topography through an ergodic relay. The authors provide instructions for instrument setup, alignment, calibration and wide-field imaging in mice.
Discrete frames for L2(Rn2) arising from tiling systems on GLn(R)

Abstract A discrete frame for L 2 ( R d ) is a countable sequence { e j } j ∈ J in L 2 ( R d ) together with real constants 0 A ≤ B ∞ such that A ‖ f ‖ 2 2 ≤ ∑ j ∈ J | 〈 f , e j 〉 | 2 ≤ B ‖ f ‖ 2 2 , for all f ∈ L 2 ( R d ) . We present a method of sampling continuous frames, which arise from square-integrable representations of affine-type groups, to create discrete frames for high-dimensional signals. Our method relies on partitioning the ambient space by using a suitable “tiling system”. We provide all relevant details for constructions in the case of M n ( R ) ⋊ GL n ( R ) , although the methods discussed here are general and could be adapted to some other settings. Finally, we prove significantly improved frame bounds over the previously known construction for the case of n = 2 .
Preliminary Analysis of RFID Localization System for Moving Precast Concrete Units using Multiple-Tags and Weighted Euclid Distance k-NN algorithm

This paper presents two RFID localization methods based on a k-NN algorithm for multiple moving tracking tags attached to a concrete masonry unit (cinder block). This work uses passive RFID tags for localization and seeks to provide rapid wireless analysis for future smart infrastructure projects where precast concrete modular structures are moved during transport and assembly. The RFID localization system uses four reader antennas, four tracking tags, and 28 reference tags in a realistic indoor assembly environment. Results show average error in the direction of movement as low as 10.5 cm. Increasing the number of nearest neighbors in the k-NN algorithm is shown to reduce error in all coordinate directions. Increasing k from 4 to 6 is shown to reduce error by 4 cm or 10%. The localization environment is analyzed, and reference tags 22, 9, 5, and 8 around the moving cinder block are seen most commonly as nearest neighbors. A modified k -NN algorithm, described here as a weighted Euclidian distance k -NN algorithm is presented that reduces total error from 41.1 cm to 32.5 cm.
Running the Female Power Grid Across Lifespan Through Brain Estrogen Signaling

The role of central estrogen in cognitive, metabolic, and reproductive health has long fascinated the lay public and scientists alike. In the last two decades, insight into estrogen signaling in the brain and its impact on female physiology is beginning to catch up with the vast information already established for its actions on peripheral tissues. Using newer methods to manipulate estrogen signaling in hormone-sensitive brain regions, neuroscientists are now identifying the molecular pathways and neuronal subtypes required to establish crucial sex differences in energy allocation. However, the immense cellular complexity of these hormone-sensitive brain regions makes it clear that more research is needed to fully appreciate how estrogen modulates neural circuits to regulate physiological and behavioral end points. Such insight is essential for understanding how natural or drug-induced hormone fluctuations across lifespan affect women's health. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 84 is February 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
The True Adjoint of a Linear System

In this section, we consider the linear systems (32.1), (32.2) under the same hypotheses as in Section 32. We will identify B0 with the conjugate space of C using the pairing $$\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\left( {{\rm{\psi }},{\rm{\phi }}} \right) = \int_{ - {\rm{r}}}^0 {\left[ {{\rm{d\psi }}\left( \theta \right)} \right]} {\rm{\phi }}\left( \theta \right)} & {{\rm{for}}} & {{\rm{\psi }} \in {\rm{B}}_{0,} {\rm{\phi }} \in {\rm{C}}} \\\end{array}$$ (33.1) .
Efficacy of stimulants for cognitive enhancement in non-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder youth: a systematic review

Background and Aims Increasing prescription stimulant abuse among youth without diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is of concern. The most frequently cited motive for abuse is improved academic achievement via neurocognitive enhancement. Our aim in reviewing the literature was to identify neurocognitive effects of prescription stimulants in non-ADHD youth.
An implementation intention strategy can improve prospective memory in older adults with very mild Alzheimer's disease

Objectives This study tested whether (1) very mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with impaired prospective memory (PM) for tasks that are supported by either spontaneous retrieval (focal PM) or strategic monitoring (non-focal PM) and (2) implementation intention (II) encoding could improve PM performance in very mild AD. Design Thirty-eight healthy older adults and 34 with very mild AD were randomly assigned to perform two PM tasks in either the standard or the II encoding condition. Method All participants performed blocks of category decision in which they were asked to respond to a focal PM target (e.g., the word ‘orange’) and a non-focal PM target (e.g., words that begin with the letter ‘o’). Half of the participants encoded PM instructions in the standard manner, while the other half had a stronger encoding by forming IIs. PM accuracy and category decision accuracy and reaction times were measured. Results Participants with very mild AD showed deficits in both focal and non-focal PM performance compared to the healthy controls, reflecting deficits in both spontaneous retrieval and strategic monitoring. Participants with very mild AD in the II encoding condition showed better focal PM performance relative to those in the standard encoding condition. Conclusions Deficits in both focal and non-focal PM are associated with very mild AD and IIs may be a helpful behavioural intervention for the focal PM deficits. Practitioner points Multiple deficits in PM are observable in very mild AD. Implementation intentions may enhance focal PM in very mild AD. Future research using larger samples is needed to better understand the effect of II on non-focal PM tasks in healthy older adults and those with very mild AD. The use of simple laboratory PM tasks may limit the generality of our findings. Future research is needed to investigate whether IIs improve PM over a range of more realistic tasks.
Regulation of Neutrophil Apoptosis

Regulation of cell death is essential for normal cell turnover and maintenance of homeostasis in many tissues. It occurs during development, tissue remodeling, immune responses, inflammation and aging. Abnormalities in cell death control contribute to a variety of diseases including cancer, autoimmunity and degenerative disorders. The most common morphologic expression of cell death is apoptosis or programmed cell death. Apoptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, and DNA fragmentation within the confines of an intact plasma membrane. This is distinct from necrosis, which is associated with severe cell swelling or cell rupture.
Automated testing using circuit decomposition

A method is presented for testing large-scale analog and mixed-mode networks. Test equations are derived for a partitioned network from Kirchoff's current law equations at the partition points. Voltages at the partition points are used to identify network parameters. The method is applicable in circuit modeling, fault diagnosis, testing and calibration. The conventional testing methods for dynamic nonlinear networks are based on the sensitivity approach, which uses incremental changes in voltages to estimate changes in network parameters. However, this conventional approach cannot handle large scale circuits because the sensitivity matrix is dense. This results in enormous requirements for memory space and computing time when the circuit size becomes large. The authors' method overcomes these fundamental deficiencies of the sensitivity approach. >
Monitoring the influence of toxic compounds on microbial denitrifying biofilm processes

Microelectrode measurements were conducted to obtain nitrate, pH and redox potential profiles within anoxic denitrifying biofilms. The influence of a toxic organic compound (acid orange 7) on biofilm microprofiles was also monitored using microelectrodes. The data provide evidence that the denitrifying biofilms were stratified into an anoxic layer and an anaerobic layer. The anaerobic zone might provide a niche for the biodegradation of recalcitrant organic compounds in biofilms. It was found that acid orange 7 and its biodegradation byproducts had only a slight impact on biofilm nitrate, pH and redox potential profiles.
The New Science of Concussion and Mild Brain Injury in Children

Concussions occur frequently in children and adolescents. Physicians are often faced with this common clinical problem and several decisions, such as when a patient needs to go to the emergency department or obtain additional imaging, must be made. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment is required to prevent post-concussive physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. Over the last decade there has been increasing attention and understanding of concussions. The purpose of this article is to provide a general review on literature regarding concussions in children and adolescents with a focus on (1) initial evaluation of concussion in children and adolescents; (2) decision-making guidelines for identifying children who are at very low risk of having a clinically significant injury and in whom neuroimaging can be avoided; (3) the use of assessment tools for baseline testing, diagnosis, and monitoring; (4) review of return-to-school and return-to-play guidelines; and (5) post-concussive symptoms and their management.