cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Theological Innocence and Family History in the Land of Perpetrators: German Theologians after the Shoah

Questions about theological dilemmas in the face of the Shoah have been addressed by Jews and Christians alike in the wake of the genocidal anti-Semitism perpetrated by Nazi Germany and its collaborators. In Germany, theologians have also picked up the issue of the credibility of Christian faith after Auschwitz, and their writings are usually subsumed under the heading of Theologie nach Auschwitz ("theology after Auschwitz"). Almost all of the answers provided by German "after Auschwitz" theologians were written from within theological categories; these writers thus claim to speak generally as Christian theologians but neglect to contextualize themselves as German theologians. But what would happen if we broadened this field of theological inquiry beyond the limits of the internal logic of theological reasoning? What if we approached those theologies through the lens of cultural criticism and asked about the positioning of German theological discourse in a country that wrought genocidal devastation across Europe? What if we brought to bear upon German "theologies after Auschwitz" an interpretive perspective that included the impact of family history, of generational differences, and of narrative strategies on the construction of theological positions? In one word, what does it mean to do theology in the land of perpetrators?
Synergistic Effects of Sodium Chloride, Glucose, and Temperature on Biofilm Formation by Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 1/2a and 4b Strains

Biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes is generally associated with its persistence in the food-processing environment. Serotype 1/2a strains make up more than 50% of the total isolates recovered from food and the environment, while serotype 4b strains are most often associated with major outbreaks of human listeriosis. Using a microplate assay with crystal violet staining, we examined biofilm formation by 18 strains of each serotype in tryptic soy broth with varying concentrations of glucose (from 0.25% to 10.0%, wt/vol), sodium chloride (from 0.5% to 7.0%, wt/vol) and ethanol (from 1% to 5.0%, vol/vol), and at different temperatures (22.5°C, 30°C, and 37°C). A synergistic effect on biofilm formation was observed for glucose, sodium chloride, and temperature. The serotype 1/2a strains generally formed higher-density biofilms than the 4b strains under most conditions tested. Interestingly, most serotype 4b strains had a higher growth rate than the 1/2a strains, suggesting that the growth rate may not be directly related to the capacity for biofilm formation. Crystal violet was found to stain both bacterial cells and biofilm matrix material. The enhancement in biofilm formation by environmental factors was apparently due to the production of extracellular polymeric substances instead of the accumulation of viable biofilm cells.
Slope analysis of Auditory Brainstem Responses in children at risk of central auditory processing disorders

The method of slope vectors was used to quantify Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) obtained from nine normal children and nine children at risk for central auditory processing disorders (CAPD) with language impairment, for monaural and binaural stimulation conditions. Slopes thus obtained were subjected to K-Means Cluster Analysis. Distinction between the two groups was obtained only for binaural stimulation conditions, wherein all normal children were grouped under cluster 1 with higher slope values and 6 out of 9 CAPD children were grouped under cluster 2 with lower slopes. The results suggest that there may be several subcategories among children who are found to be at risk for CAPD. One of the subcategories may comprise children who exhibit poor ABR morphology, especially during binaural stimulation conditions, which could be due to binaural interference.
HAM proteins promote organ indeterminacy: But how?

HAIRY MERISTEM (HAM) proteins, members of the GRAS family of transcriptional regulators, are essential for maintenance of indeterminate growth in flowering plant shoots, loss-of-function ham mutants exhibiting a strikingly novel phenotype of shoot meristem arrest and differentiation. Specific cellular/molecular functions of HAM proteins underlying meristem maintenance are unknown. In this review, I highlight findings from recent analyses of Arabidopsis ham (Atham) loss-of-function phenotypes, including that HAM function limits the generation of clonally-derived meristem layers and that HAM function regulates CLAVATA3 expression. I consider how this new information both refines our understanding of the role of HAM proteins in regulating meristem structure and function, and may also suggest possible downstream HAM protein transcriptional targets. Finally, I note the significant phenotypic overlap between Atham phenotypes, and aintegumenta/anintegumenta-like6 double mutant phenotypes, suggesting meristem regulatory functions common to, and possible genetic interactions between, HAM and AINTEGUMENTA.
Thermocline Bed Properties for Deformation Analysis

Thermocline tanks have been considered as an alternative to traditional two-tank molten salt thermal storage in concentrating solar power systems due to their potential for cost reduction. One concern for thermocline usage is thermal ratcheting caused by the internal rock bed deformation during cyclic operation and significant temperature fluctuations. Thermal ratcheting studies have been performed in the literature to identify the possibility of tank rupture. However, these studies numerically modeled the ratcheting behavior utilizing bed properties that have never been measured for the materials used in thermocline storage systems. This work presents triaxial test data quartzite and silica thermocline filler materials to better inform future investigations of thermal ratcheting. Molten salt is replaced with water as the interstitial fluid due to similarity in dimensionless numbers and to accommodate room temperature measurement. Material property data for cohesion, dilatancy angle, internal angle of friction, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and bulk modulus are presented for 0.138–0.414 MPa confining pressure. The material properties are then compared to those assumed in the literature to comment on the potential impact of this property data relative to thermal ratcheting.
Attenuation anisotropy in shale at elevated confining pressures

Shale has been estimated to comprise approximately two-thirds of all sedimentary rocks [1]. Nevertheless, studies of the physical properties of shale are relatively uncommon compared to other sedimentary lithologies. Especially rare are studies of shale attenuation anisotropy at elevated confining pressure. An understanding of attenuation and attenuation mechanisms is particularly important for seismic exploration. VSP and cross well experiments have used attenuation information to help determine the lithology of subsurface formations [2-4]. Attenuation is also believed to have a significant affect on AVO responses [5], and may affect lithological interpretations based on AVO analyses. Measurements of attenuation have been correlated with fluid content (e.g. [6]) and porosity (e.g. [7]), and may be used to determine in-situ hydraulic properties. Seismic attenuation has also been linked to rock strength [8,9], and may be useful in relation to blasting, and the location of landslide material. Accurate values of attenuation are also necessary to estimate ground motion associated with earthquakes [10,11]. Shale has been shown to have significant velocity anisotropy (e.g. [12]) that persists at elevated confining pressure. It is unclear, however, whether attenuation displays the same anisotropic relationships with pressure. Previous studies of attenuation in shale have involved either measurements in a single direction, measurements at atmospheric pressure, or measurements on unsaturated samples only (e.g., [13-15]). This study provides the first measurements of shale attenuation in multiple directions, at elevated confining pressure, under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. Laboratory measurements have been made on four samples, up to 250 MPa. Velocity and attenuation have been measured parallel and perpendicular to
Changes in NO bioavailabilty regulate cardiac O2 consumption: control by intramitochondrial SOD2 and intracellular myoglobin

The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of two intracellular scavengers of nitric oxide (NO): 1) superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SOD2) to scavenge intramitochondrial superoxide anion,...
Spectral estimators in elastography.

Like velocity, strain induces a time delay and a time scaling to the received signal. Elastography typically uses time delay techniques to indirectly (i.e. via the displacement estimate) measure tissue strain induced by an applied compression, and considers time scaling as a source of distortion. More recently, we have shown that the time scaling factor can also be spectrally estimated and used as a direct measure of strain. Strain causes a Doppler-like frequency shift and a change in bandwidth of the bandpass power spectrum of the echo signal. Two frequency shift strain estimators are described that have been proven to be more robust but less precise when compared to time delay estimators, both in simulations and experiments. The increased robustness is due to the insensitivity of the spectral techniques to phase decorrelation noise. In this paper we discuss and compare the theoretical and experimental findings obtained with traditional time delay estimators and with the newly proposed spectral methods.
Oxidation of silicon carbide and the formation of silica polymorphs

The oxidation of both single crystal and relatively pure polycrystalline silicon carbide, between 973 and 2053 K, resulted in the formation of cristobalite, quartz, or tridymite, which are the stable crystalline polymorphs of silica (SiO2) at ambient pressure. The oxide scales were found to be pure SiO2 with no contamination resulting from the oxidizing environment. The only variable affecting the occurrence of a specific polymorph was the oxidation temperature. Cristobalite was formed at temperatures ≥1673 K, tridymite between 1073 and 1573 K, and quartz formed at 973 K. The polymorphs were determined using electron diffraction in a transmission electron microscope. These results were further confirmed using infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Cristobalite was observed to grow in a spherulitic fashion from amorphous silica. This was not the case for tridymite and quartz, which appeared to grow as oriented crystalline films. The presence of a thin silicon oxycarbide interlayer was detected at the interface between the SiC substrate and the crystalline silica using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Reusing structured models via model integration

A review is presented of reusability and modularity ideas from the software engineering literature, most of which are applicable to the modeling context. Many features of structured modeling support reusability and modularity, and these are noted. The main focus, however, is on achieving reusability and modularity by the integration of two or more model schemas. A five-step approach for integrating schemas written in SML (Structured Modeling Language) is proposed for this purpose. Examples are given to illustrate this approach, and the pros and cons of structured modeling for reuse are discussed at some length. >
Diagnosis based on explicit means-end models

Abstract This article describes three diagnostic methods for use with industrial processes. They are measurement validation, i.e., consistency checking of sensor and measurement values using any redundancy of instrumentation; alarm analysis, i.e., analysis of multiple alarm situations to find which alarms are directly connected to primary faults and which alarms are consequential effects of the primary ones; and fault diagnosis, i.e., a search for the causes of and remedies for faults. The three methods use multilevel flow models (MFM), to describe the target process. They have been implemented in the real-time expert system tool G2, in C, and in Common Lisp, and successfully tested on simulations of several processes. The knowledge representation ontology used is based on the notion of flows, of mass, energy, and information, which are used to describe physical systems. The relationships between structure and function of a system is described by teleological relations, which connect the flow structures into a graph, built at model construction time. This allows the diagnostic reasoning to be implemented as searches in a static graph structure, and it can thus be performed extremely rapidly. As with other model-based approaches, general algorithms are used over a representation with generative capacities. The representation gains strength from being functional with a very abstract physical level, more abstract than most qualitative physics models. It works well with systems that can be described using flows, while it currently lacks the capability of capturing important aspects of other types of systems, for example, electronic circuits.
Interpolation using a generalized Green's function for a spherical surface spline in tension

SUMMARY A variety of methods exist for interpolating Cartesian or spherical surface data onto an equidistant lattice in a procedure known as gridding. Methods based on Green’s functions are particularly simple to implement. In such methods, the Green’s function for the gridding operator is determined and the resulting gridding solution is composed of the superposition of contributions from each data constraint, weighted by the Green’s function evaluated for all output–input point separations. The Green’s function method allows for considerable flexibility, such as complete freedom in specifying where the solution will be evaluated (it does not have to be on a lattice) and the ability to include both surface heights and surface gradients as data constraints. Green’s function solutions for Cartesian data in 1-, 2- and 3-D spaces are well known, as is the dilogarithm solution for minimum curvature spline on a spherical surface. Here, the spherical surface case is extended to include tension and the new generalized Green’s function is derived. It is shown that the new function reduces to the dilogarithm solution in the limit of zero tension. Properties of the new function are examined and the new gridding method is implemented in Matlab R � and demonstrated on three geophysical data sets.
Mancur Olson – Social Scientist

Isaiah Berlin popularised the saying of the Greek poet Archilochus, 'The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing.' For Berlin, the hedgehog stands for the type of thinkers who 'relate everything to a single central vision, in terms of which they understand, think, and feel' (Berlin, 1978). In this sense, Mancur Olson was the ultimate hedgehog of the social sciences. Most of his research can be seen as the exploration and application of one idea, but that idea was very big indeed. It was the problem of collective action, namely how individuals acting in their private interest can fail to secure the provision of goods or services that are collectively in the interests of all. In other words, Olson's focus was on nothing less than what is arguably the most important class of failures of Adam Smith's invisible hand. Today's economics students, who learn about public goods and externalities routinely in their microeconomics courses, and know that a Nash equilibrium of a non-cooperative game does not in general produce a Pareto optimal outcome, may not think this a very startling insight. But in 1965, when Olson's Logic of Collective Action was published, monopoly was almost the only admitted exception to the efficiency of markets. Externalities and public goods were mentioned in the final week of a microeconomics course, more as curiosa than as real economic problems to be taken seriously. Classic examples of externalities were 'bucolic' bees pollinating flowers, and sparks from railway engines setting fire to fields. Olson played a substantial part in the line of research that has so drastically changed our views over the last three decades. His impact in political science was even greater. Many political scientists used to take it as axiomatic that if some outcome would be beneficial to all members of a group, then the group would act in concert to bring it about. They thought in terms of joint rather than individual action, without asking how the joint action would be enforced. In today's terminology, we can say that they were implicitly thinking of social outcomes as equilibria of cooperative rather than non-cooperative games. Olson focused on enforcement issues; he implicitly thought in terms of non-cooperative games. Therefore his book was an important milestone in the path that led all social scientists to a better appreciation of the full extent of the problem of collective action.
Seismic Facies of Incised-Valley Fills, New Jersey Continental Shelf: Implications for Erosion and Preservation Processes Acting During Latest Pleistocene–Holocene Transgression

Abstract Incised-valley fills shallowly buried beneath the New Jersey middle–outer shelf reveal a retrogradational shift of four seismic facies, as observed in 1–4 kHz deep-towed chirp seismic data. These facies, the only preserved stratigraphic record of the latest Quaternary–Holocene drowning and infilling of fluvial drainage systems developed on this exposed shelf at or near the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), are interpreted as (1) fluvial lag deposits, SF1; (2) estuarine mixed sand and muds, SF2; (3) estuary central bay muds, SF3; and (4) redistributed estuary-mouth sands, SF4. These fills are truncated by a transgressive ravinement, the T horizon, which is in turn overlain by Holocene marine sand deposits. The seismic facies are bounded by reflectors marking either source diastems or unconformities: (1) the Channels horizon is the lowstand fluvial incision surface, (2) B1 is a bay flooding surface, (3) B2 is an intra-estuarine depositional surface, (4) B3 is a tidal ravinement surface, and (5) the T horizon represents erosion at or near the shoreface during Holocene transgression. The Channels horizon is generally preserved only in valley axes. Elsewhere, this sequence boundary has been modified by surfaces B1 and/or B3. Dip-oriented changes in the thickness of SF3 and SF4 suggest either a stillstand in the passage of the shoreline, which allowed such spatial variations, or that local valley shape controlled hydrodynamic conditions for sediment transport and deposition. Narrower valleys may have promoted tidally dominated, fine-grained deposition within these drowning estuaries, while broader valleys attenuated tidal flow velocities and allowed the filling of the estuary to be dominated by wave and current energy, promoting more coarse-grained deposition. Our study demonstrates that wave- and tide-dominated estuarine facies can coexist within such fill strata.
Three-way catalyst diagnostics for advanced emissions control systems

Automotive emissions are stringently regulated. Since 1980, a three-way catalyst (TWC) has been used to convert harmful emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen into less harmful gases in order to meet these regulations. The TWC's efficiency of conversion of these gases is primarily dependent on the mass ratio of air to fuel (A./F) in the mixture leaving the exhaust manifold and entering the catalyst. This paper develops a method by which a dynamic TWC model can be used for diagnostic purposes. This diagnostic method is analyzed in the context of a hypothesis test that is based on the oxygen storage capacity of the TWC. The Neyman-Pearson criterion is used as the basis for this hypothesis test. It is initially applied in the case of a single sample where the variance of the data is assumed to be known. This is then expanded to a multiple-sample case through the use of Student's t test. The improved fidelity of the t test is demonstrated, and it is shown that larger sample sizes provide further improvement in the quality of the hypothesis test.
Large Two-loop Effects in the Higgs Sector as New Physics Probes

We consider a simple Higgs portal model in beyond the standard model scenario: an extra real gauge singlet scalar that couples to the Higgs. We calculate the higher-loop corrections to the cross section of the Higgsstrahlung process $e^+e^- \rightarrow Z h$, along with the tri-Higgs coupling and the wave-function renormalization. We find noticeable contribution to the total Higgsstrahlung cross section, especially coming from two-loop diagrams. We also find that the correction to the tri-Higgs coupling is complex when this extra scalar is lighter than half of the center of mass energy. It indicates a new source of CP violation. In the region of this extra scalar being lighter than a couple of hundreds of GeVs, we argue that the higher-loop calculation is a more reliable approach than the effective field theory calculation.
Abstract 343: Electronically-measured, but Not Self-reported, Medication Adherence is Associated with Healthcare Utilization in Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension

Introduction: Non-adherence to antihypertensive medications can lead to poorly controlled hypertension and increased cardiovascular risk. Prior studies utilizing pharmacy refill data have shown an association between medication non-adherence and increased healthcare utilization. However, data are lacking as to whether electronically measured, day-to-day adherence is associated with healthcare utilization. Methods: Between 2011 and 2014, we enrolled a convenience sample of 161 patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension from a primary care clinic. Adherence to up to 4 blood pressure (BP) medications was electronically measured during the interval between two clinic visits using a 4-compartment electronic pillbox (MedSignals) that records the date and time each compartment is opened. Adherence to each medication was calculated as the percent of days the correct number of doses of a particular medication was taken as prescribed; regimen adherence was the mean adherence to monitored medications. Adherence was also measured after completion of the electronic monitoring period using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Healthcare utilization (cardiac procedures, including EKGs, stress tests and echocardiograms; ED visits; all-cause hospitalizations; scheduled primary care visits) was assessed via review of the electronic medical record in the 1 year after electronic monitoring. Logistic regression and negative binomial regression analyses were used to model the association between electronic adherence and healthcare utilization adjusting for covariates (age, gender, ethnicity, race, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Medicaid status, BP, PTSD, depression). Results: The mean age was 65 years, 75% were female, 80% Hispanic, 86% had Medicaid, and 52% were non-adherent by electronic monitoring. Non-adherent patients were more likely to have ≥1 cardiac procedures (27% vs. 10%, p=0.004), ED visits (35% vs. 13%, p=0.001), and hospitalizations (27% vs. 12%, p=0.01) compared to adherent patients, but did not have more primary care visits (p=0.55). In adjusted analyses, non-adherent patients had more ED visits (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 2.4 [95% CI 1.3-4.6], p 0.40 for all measures). Discussion: We found associations between electronically-measured, but not self-reported, medication adherence and healthcare utilization. These findings suggest that electronic adherence monitoring may be a useful tool for identifying high utilizers of healthcare resources and targeting such patients for cost-reduction strategies.
Interaction of building and ground during an earthquake

A point of much interest to engineers is the interaction of a building and the ground during an earthquake. There are several facets of this problem that have a bearing on the stresses produced in a building during an earthquake. First, there is the question of the influence of the building on recorded ground motion. The majority of the accelerometers for recording strong ground motion are in the basements of buildings and hence record the motion of the base of the building. The question thus arises, How much does this recorded motion differ from that which would have been recorded at the site had there been no building? If there should be a marked difference between the motion recorded within a building and that recorded directly on the surface of the ground, there would be a possibility of designing a building so as to minimize the base motion it would receive during an earthquake.
Genome Editing for Neuromuscular Diseases

Neuromuscular diseases are a diverse range of conditions that include myopathic and neuropathic disorders related to muscular dysfunction. Inherited neuromuscular diseases are the result of a broad spectrum of genetic mutations, including point mutations, insertions and deletions, chromosomal rearrangements, epigenetic aberrations, and repeat expansions or contractions. Targeted genome editing is a promising method to correct the inherited mutations underlying these disorders. Over the last decade there have been many significant advances in engineering targeted DNA-binding proteins to manipulate specific sequences of complex genomes. These genome editing tools are rapidly becoming viable therapeutics that will allow the targeted addition, exchange, or removal of almost any genetic sequence in the human genome. In this chapter, selected neuromuscular diseases representing inherited myopathies or neuropathies are discussed. The genome editing tools available to create targeted genetic modifications are reviewed. Promising cell- and gene-based therapies are introduced in the context of the treatment of neuromuscular disorders in combination with genome editing therapies. Finally, specific examples of how genome editing may be applied to correct the genetic basis of particular neuromuscular disorders are presented and discussed.
Effect of paraquat-induced lung damage on permeability of rat lung to drugs.

SummaryTo investigate the effect of paraquat-induced lung damage on pulmonary absorption of drugs, rats were given a single oral dose of paraquat (250 mg/kg), and rates of drug absorption from damaged and control lungs were compared after various times. To measure absorption rates of drugs, 0.1 ml of 10 mM drug solution was administered through a tracheal cannula to anesthetized animals and, after various times, lungs were assayed for unabsorbed compound. Drugs investigated were procaine amide ethobromide, p-aminohippuric acid, and procaine amide. Rates of drug absorption increased 1.4-2.8-fold at 3-5 days after paraquat administration and returned to near control values by the 15th day. The results suggest that paraquat-induced lung damage increases the porosity of the pulmonary epithelium.The authors are indebted to Mrs. Jean C. Henderson for her excellent technical assistance. Appreciation is also extended to Dr. Charles Dunlap and Mrs. Viola Flanagan, Pathology Department, University of Missouri-Kansa...
Pigmentation and Growth Rate in Gray Breast Feathers of Adult Mallard Drakes

Before the physiology of sexual dimorphism in birds can be completely understood the normal change from the male winter plumage to the female-like summer plumage in the Mallard drake must be explained. This report embodies certain facts regarding feather pigmentation and growth rate in Mallard drakes which must be considered in future studies of the physiological basis for this “eclipse” or “summer plumage” change of the adult male duck.The males used in these experiments are semi-domesticated Mallards, the majority of which are genetically “dark-phase mallard” (M Li).1 These drakes are very uniform in breeding, and in adult body weight, between 980 and 1160 gm. The males are left in outside yards until they are to be used in an experiment, when they are brought indoors and kept in artificially heated and lighted pens, the hours of illumination being approximately the same in all trials. At the beginning of the experiment, 50 to 60 feathers are plucked from the middle of the ventral surface on either side...
EFFECTS OF COUMESTROL AND EQUOL ON THE DEVELOPING REPRODUCTIVE TRACT OF THE RAT

The phytoestrogens, coumestrol and equol, are weakly estrogenic. Here, we have examined their ability to induce responses in the neonatal rat uterus. Potent estrogens such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 17 beta-estradiol which initially double uterine weight on postnatal Day (PND) 5 when given on PND 1-5 subsequently reduce both uterine growth and gland development at later ages. In this study, Sprague-Dawley pups were treated neonatally (PND 1-5) with various doses of coumestrol and equol, and sacrificed at different ages to determine alterations in biochemical and morphological endpoints. Other rats were injected with the same compounds during the critical period of gland genesis (PND 10-14) to examine their effects on gland development. At the 100 micrograms coumestrol dose, on PND 1-5, premature gland development and increased uterine weight were observed. However, at later ages, uterine weight was significantly lowered and there was a severe suppression in the estrogen receptor (ER) levels. Equol lowered uterine weight at the later ages but did not affect ER levels. When given on PND 10-14, both coumestrol and equol caused a dose-dependent inhibition of gland genesis though not as severe as either DES or tamoxifen. Coumestrol was about 10(3) more potent than equol as an estrogen and behaved much like DES with respect to its effects on uterine weight, glands, and ER levels. At the doses used in this study, equol failed to demonstrate either estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity.
GDC Embolization of Wide-necked Cerebral Aneurysms Using Balloon-Assisted Technique

Purpose : The main factor limiting endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is the shape of the a-neurysmal sac, especially the width of the neck. We describe an early experience and technical aspects of treating wide-necked cerebral aneurysm using a Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC) and simultaneous applica-tion of a temporary balloon. Materials and Methods : Four cases of unruptured wide-necked cerebral aneurysm were treated with GDC, with simultaneous application of a temporary balloon. Patients were aged between 29 and 49 years. On admis-sion, clinical presentation was subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in all cases. Hunt and Hess grade was II in two cases, III in one case, and traumatic SAH in one case. In all patients angiography revealed an asymptomatic a-neurysm after rupture of another aneurysm or traumatic SAH. The aneurysms were occluded with GDC-10, and a Cirrus balloon occlusion system was used simultaneously. All procedures were performed under endo-tracheal general anesthesia and systemic heparinization. Results : All cases were treated successfully, without parent artery compromise. The occlusion rate at the end of the procedure was total in three cases and subtotal in one. In one case a heparin-related hematoma occurred during post-procedural treatment and the patient eventually expired. One patient underwent follow-up an-giography after 6 months, and the coil was not changed. Conclusion : An aneurysm may not be completely occluded, but with regard to coil compaction and parent artery preservation, the technique is an attractive alternative.
Estimating Landing and Take-off Cycle Parameters Using MATLAB

Landing and Takeoff Cycle (LTO) data is used to estimate emissions in the Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System (EDMS) software. General aviation LTO data available in EDMS may not be an accurate representation of the flight data at a specific airport. Therefore, flight data is collected from aircraft at the specific airport and inputted into spreadsheets. The analysis of these spreadsheets is time consuming and tedious. In addition, multiple sets of flight data must be analyzed to determine appropriate parameters for a LTO cycle. A simpler process is needed to quickly parse multiple sets of flight data to identify fuel flow rates and time in modes for each phase of the LTO cycle. A MATLAB program was developed to improve the efficiency of this process and to standardize phase identification. Sorting the data into LTO phases consists of finding the point at which one phase of the LTO cycle ends and another phase begins. Selection of that point is based on engine parameters at a given time or the change of engine parameters over a given length time. Parameters can be difficult to identify in some data sets due to anomalies in the flight logs. Data sets with anomalies that are incompatible with the program may be removed from the spreadsheets. Outputted data will be formatted to enable transfer to EDMS for estimating engine emissions. This paper explains the development and testing of the scripts used in the MATLAB program, the engine parameters used in each phase of the LTO cycle, and the use of EDMS in emissions estimates.
Common Bile Duct Stones: Health Care Problem and Incidence

Choledocholithiasis, or common bile duct (CBD) stones, are a common problem in the USA and Westernized cultures. Complications of choledocholithiasis can be serious, including biliary obstruction, gallstone pancreatitis, and cholangitis. The burden of the spectrum of diseases related to stones within the biliary tree is significant. Fortunately, with advances in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, the mortality from these complications has declined over the past three decades. The gallbladder is the source of the majority of CBD stones in Westernized cultures. These are secondary stones, composed primarily of cholesterol. Populations at higher risk of gallstone formation (and therefore at risk of developing secondary CBD stones) including Native Americans, Mexican Americans, women, elderly patients, obese patients, those with certain chronic diseases (cirrhosis, cystic fibrosis, Sickle cell disease), patients experiencing rapid weight loss (bariatric surgery patients) and critically ill patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Primary stones occur with greater prevalence in Southeast Asian populations. These stones, called brown stones, have a higher bilirubin content than cholesterol stones and are frequently infected. Retained stones are a subtype of secondary stones left in the biliary tree after cholecystectomy. Many retained stones pass spontaneously and are asymptomatic, though a proportion of patients with retained stones go on to develop CBD stone complications with signs and symptoms similar to patients with secondary CBD stones.
Optimal Method Study on Surfactant in Tertiary Recovery

In view of the complication of surfactant screening in tertiary recovery,the surfactant model reducing oil-water intension has been established so as to optimize the surfactant screening method.The surfactant screening method has been studied based on the analysis of crude component,surfactant performance evaluation,characteristic base group of crude oil and the intrinsic relationship between hydrocarbon molecular structure and surfactant structure.The results show that there is certain functional relationship between crude and the applied surfactant.Thus,the applied surfactant with different structures can be optimized based on the crude structure features in different reservoirs.
Indoor thermal comfort impact indicators in winter of universities' teaching Building

In order to reveal the main influences of college teaching building indoor thermal comfort index, the methods of experiment and theoretical analysis were used, and indoor thermal comfort indexes were tested by experiments. This paper derivated the relationship analysis type of thermal comfort evaluation indexes, revealed effects of indoor thermal comfort indexes on PMV and PPD, and analyzed the factors of having a big differences on PMV and PPD on different times in a day. The results show that the variables having larger correlation with PPD and PMV are mainly effective temperature ET, relative humidity RH, air temperature AT and thermal stress indicator HSI.
Biosynthesis of the purines. XXXV. Reversible polymerization of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide amidotransferase.

Purified formylglycinamide ribonucleotide amidotransferase polymerizes when stored in solution at 0°. This polymerization can be inhibited by the presence of 2-mercapto-ethanol or dithiothreitol and is therefore probably a result of the formation of intermolecular disulfide bridges. Although the glutamine-binding site of the enzyme contains at least one essential highly reactive, sulfhydryl group, this group is not involved in the formation of the intermolecular disulfide bridges, and the polymers retain full enzymatic activity. Preparations in an early stage of polymerization can be completely reduced to monomeric species by dithiothreitol or mercaptoethanol. Reduction of highly polymerized preparations is complete in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and thiol reagent. Treatment of the enzyme with these reagents does not result in the breakdown of the enzyme into units smaller than the catalytic unit (monomer) of molecular weight, 133,000.
World Poverty and Individual Freedom

M lost people know that the extent of world poverty is staggering.! Many do not believe that we are obligated to do anything about it. Often those who resist the idea that we are obligated to help the global poor are concerned about the freedom of individuals to live their lives. They believe that no one should be required to sacrifice her freedom for another person. This paper argues that it is precisely because no one should be required to sacrifice her freedom for others that we have a prima facie obligation to enable all people to meet their basic needs. It defends each premise of what we can call the Argu ment from Autonomy in turn. The Argument from Autonomy might be summarized roughly as follows:
Current Evidence for Common Pediatric Conditions

This section focuses on the current evidence of integrative pediatric modalities for common pediatric conditions such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, migraine headaches, otalgia and otitis media, upper respiratory tract infections, and weight loss.
“So Neat, So Clean, So Pretty!”: Dressing Up Virtue

When Mr. B. first begins his active campaign to seduce Pamela, dispensing wet kisses and clumsily fumbling with her breasts, Pamela tearfully writes to her mother a confused and jumbled account of her reasons for not fleeing the B. household, all of which relate to dress: And so after I had dry’d my Eyes, I went in, and begun to ruminate with myself what I had best to do. Sometimes I thought I would leave the House, and go to the next Town, and wait an Opportunity to get to you; but then I was at a Loss to resolve whether to take away the Things he had given me or no, and how to take them away: Sometimes I thought to leave them behind me, and only go with the Cloaths on my Back; but then I had two Miles and a half, and a By-way, to go to the Town, and being pretty well dress’d, I might come to some harm, almost as bad as what I would run away from; and then may-be, thought I, it will be reported, I have stolen something, and so was forc’d to run away; and to carry a bad Name back with me to my dear poor Parents, would be a sad thing indeed! — O how I wish’d for my grey Russet again, and my poor honest Dress, with which you fitted me out, and hard enough too you had to do it, God knows, for going to this Place, when I was but twelve Years old, in my good Lady’s Days! (36)
Fire Ant Attacks on Humans

Many ant species bite people, and some species may sting, injecting venom. Imported fire ants are notorious stinging pests in the southern half of the United States. When their mounds (nests) are disturbed, they swarm in all directions stinging intruders. Fire ants have been reported to invade healthcare facilities, stinging residents (some cases resulting in death). This chapter discusses fire ant biology and behavior, sting reactions, and ways to prevent the ants from entering healthcare facilities.
Primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma: case report and review of the literature.

Invasion of the meninges is a relatively common complication of head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), while RMS arising primarily within the brain or meninges is rare. We report the case of an 11-year old child with a primary “primitive” frontal lobe tumor, subsequent leptomeningeal spread and fatal intratumoral hemorrhage; the diagnosis of RMS was discovered only at postmortem examination. The literature contains a total of 34 reported cases of primary intracranial RMS. This tumor has been observed to arise in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) locations in patients of all ages, but most commonly within the posterior fossa of children. Leptomeningeal dissemination and spontaneous intratumoral hemorrhage are important clinical features. Postoperative chemotherapy and craniospinal radiation may improve the anticipated poor prognosis of patients treated with surgery and radiation alone. The diagnosis of RMS may be missed unless electron microscopic and specific immunohistochemical studies are applied to “undifferentiated” or “primitive” CNS tumors.
Improving postpartum glucose monitoring in women with gestational diabetes

AbstractObjective: To improve 6-week postpartum visit attendance, glucose test ordering and test completion among postpartum patients with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM).Methods: Pre- and post-intervention GDM women at Mount Sinai Hospital were studied via chart review. Interventions included advanced order sets for glucose monitoring at the 35-week pregnancy visit, educational modules, and nutritionist phone calls reminding patients to attend postpartum visits fasting.Results: One hundred and seven pre-intervention and 42 post-intervention women were studied. Percentages of orders placed for postpartum testing was higher post-intervention vs. pre-intervention (57% vs. 42%, p = 0.03). There were higher test completion rates post-intervention vs. pre-intervention (36% vs. 17%, p = 0.01). Postpartum visit attendance rates did not vary between the groups (73% vs. 69% p = 0.60). Six percent of patients pre-intervention fasted for postpartum visits vs. 60% post-intervention.Conclusion: There was no ob...
THE INFLUENCE OF ON- AND OFF-FARM SURFACE WATER INVESTMENT ON GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION FROM AN AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE

The use of surface water to replace groundwater for irrigation is often viewed as an effective approach for reducing groundwater overdraft on an agricultural landscape. However, the availability of surface water does not necessarily lead to groundwater conservation in practice. The expected increase in the aquifer volume in the presence of surface water does not occur unless the off-farm water price is low enough to generate a significant shift away from groundwater. There is a change in the crop pattern toward more irrigation-intensive crops, and the net effect can be a rise in groundwater extraction.
Using Digital Health Technology to Prevent and Treat Diabetes.

This year's article on health information technology (HIT) illustrates the use of digital technology to prevent and treat diabetes by enabling consumer engagement, behavior change, and impact analytics. It provides a snapshot of current thinking about digital technology's capabilities and capacity to deliver personalized interventions at scale. Early results are promising. A growing number of digital programs are clinically proven to improve health and lower the cost of care. And pioneering health-care organizations are offering these programs to members and patients as part of their new models for value-based care. Their success will drive other organizations—payers, providers, and employers—to make similar investments in health. In the modern health-care world, experts agree that “value” will be created by enabling health, not just delivering care. With today's epidemic of diabetes, patients who use digital health technologies can benefit greatly from both short-term health improvements and long-term health self-management. The foundations have been laid with evidence-based programs. Now, more health-care organizations must embrace this population management strategy for health. As adoption increases, the next technology challenge will arise: consumer engagement at scale. This engagement will be digital: content-rich programs filled with social support to activate, educate, and engage consumers. Most of the articles included in this and prior ATTD Yearbook articles address the specifics of digital interventions once the person enrolls. But before enrollment, consumers must engage. And to engage consumers, one must understand their reasons for engaging and their expectations for results. These insights fall into the realm of digital marketing, rather than the domain of clinical programs. Using a multidisciplinary approach, digital engagement will be the next variable to solve in the equation for scalable digital health. Not for a lack of trying, we have been unable to find noteworthy articles presenting best practices for consumer engagement from outreach to enrollment. But the future looks quite bright for the science of marketing digital health interventions. Increasingly, “big data” is providing scientists, innovators, entrepreneurs, educators, health-care providers, and administrators with the insights they need to predict consumer interests and personalize experiences throughout the entire behavior change process—from outreach to outcomes. Over the coming year, we will continue to search the health-care landscape to bring more innovations in digital health and diabetes prevention, from consumer engagement to population impact.
Emotion regulation dimensions and relationship satisfaction in clinical couples

The present study explored the relation between the multidimensional construct of emotion regulation and relationship satisfaction in 104 couples seeking couple or family therapy. Satisfaction was assessed via the Dyadic Satisfaction Subscale of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, whereas the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale was used to assess the 6 dimensions of emotion regulation (acceptance, goals, impulse, awareness, strategies, clarity). Significant relations were found between relationship satisfaction and acceptance, impulse, awareness, and strategies. Relations were not always found in expected directions, and although actor effects were found for both genders, only women displayed partner effects. Findings point to the importance of considering context when studying emotion regulation and highlight the clinical importance of evaluating its specific dimensions.
On Movement out of Moved Elements, Labels, and Phases

The article deduces a modified version of the traditional ban on movement out of moved elements that provides a new perspective on it. Under the proposed analysis, the problem with the movement of YP out of moved XP does not arise at the point where YP moves out of XP, as in previous accounts. Instead, it arises already with the movement of XP: XP itself cannot undergo movement in this case. Any later movement out of XP is then trivially blocked. The proposed analysis leaves room for movement out of moved elements to take place in well-defined contexts. Several constructions bear this out, including German/Dutch r-pronoun constructions, Slavic left-branch extraction, and quantifier float more generally. What the proposed analysis deduces is then not the traditional ban on movement out of moved elements, but a ban on movement of phases with nonagreeing specifiers, which the article argues should replace the former ban. As a result, the analysis also extends to the immobility of verb-second clauses in German. The article also provides a new perspective on the Adjunct Condition (the ban on movement out of adjuncts). It shows that movement out of adjuncts is possible in the same configuration as movement out of moved elements. The proposed account of the latter is then extended to the Adjunct Condition. The article also proposes a labeling-based account of the Coordinate Structure Constraint, which also captures the across-the-board-movement exception.