cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Warning Explicitness on Consumer Product Purchase Intentions

Two studies examined the relationship between the explicitness of hazard consequences described by a warning label and purchase intentions. Subjects indicated buying preferences for consumer products displaying explicit and nonexplicit warning labels. A total of 6 common consumer products was used in Experiment 1. Subjects were shown a questionnaire containing information about products varying in price, quality and warning label explicitness. Sixty-six subjects rated 2 products and ranked 2 products based on which they would be most likely to purchase. Results of the rating and ranking tasks suggest that products containing nonexplicit warnings were significantly more likely to be purchased. In Experiment 2, both explicit and nonexplicit warning labels were simultaneously presented for each of nine products and subjects rated with which warning they would prefer to buy the product. Results of Experiment 2 indicate one product was rated significantly more likely to be purchased with an explicit warning la...
Dopamine: Localization of uptake in the pedal ganglion of Quadrula pustulosa (Pelecypoda)

Abstract Uptake of 3 H-dopamine in the pedal ganglion of Quadrula pustulosa was localized using combined fluorescence and optical light microscopy, in addition to electron microscope autoradiography. Light microscope autoradiograms of the same sections previously prepared for fluorescence microscopy indicated most radioactivity occurred over green, long-lasting fluorescent fiber tracts and nerve cell bodies. Ultrastructural autoradiographic results showed the majority of the radioactivity was localized over synaptic vesicles. Nerve fibers containing neurotubules, and also a limited number of nerve cell bodies were labelled with 3 H-dopamine. These results suggest uptake of dopamine to be specific for dopaminergic structures.
An allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method for the determination of the D85Y polymorphism in the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B15 gene in a case-control study of prostate cancer.

Background: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B15 (UGT2B15) catalyzes the inactivation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by forming the DHT-glucuronide and is expressed in normal and hyperplastic prostate tissue. Alterations in the activity of this enzyme could be a major contributing factor to the bioavailability of androgens in target tissue such as the prostate. Methods: A polymorphism (D85 to Y85) has been identified in the UGT2B15 gene1 that results in a 50% reduction in enzyme activity. Previously, detection of the polymorphic nucleotide has required direct sequencing. We have developed and validated an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to identify the polymorphic base pair in the UGT2B15 gene. This assay was used to examine the distribution of the UGT2B15 polymorphism in a small case-control group (64 cases and 64 controls) from a prostate cancer study. Results: The results of this analysis show that prostate cancer patients were significantly more likely to be homozygous for the lower activity D85 UGT2B15 allele than control individuals (41% versus 19%, respectively, odds ratio 5 3.0 (95% confidence intervals 1.3– 6.5)). Conclusions: These results suggest that individuals who are homozygous for the lower activity allele may be at increased risk for developing prostate cancer.
Breast cancer chemotherapy-related cognitive dysfunction.

Abstract Cognitive side effects of systemic chemotherapy have become an increasing concern among breast cancer survivors, their families, and health care professionals. A growing body of research supports the hypothesis that chemotherapy can produce long-term cognitive changes in at least a subgroup of cancer survivors. We review evidence implicating systemic chemotherapy as the cause of cognitive changes; describe the limitations due to lack of longitudinal studies and gaps in knowledge (ie, no clear mechanism by which chemotherapy can produce cognitive changes has been proposed); discuss possible factors like age, intelligence quotient/education, and psychological, genetic, and hormonal factors that might increase risk for chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes; and outline future directions for research. Such future research includes large-scale, longitudinal studies of pretreatment neuropsychological assessments, use of imaging techniques and the development of animal models to study the mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced changes in cognitive functioning, and the development of interventions to prevent or reduce the negative cognitive effects of chemotherapy.
Atrial Tachycardia Mimicking Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia

Abstract Background The term supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is used to describe tachydysrhythmias that require atrial or atrioventricular nodal tissue for their initiation and maintenance. SVT can be used to describe atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, atrioventricular reentry tachycardia, and atrial tachycardia (AT). AT is the least common of these SVT subtypes, accounting for only 10% of cases. Although the suggested initial management of each SVT subtype is different, they all can present with similar symptoms and electrocardiographic findings. Objective Discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of AT as compared with other types of SVT. Case Report We report a 56-year-old woman with symptoms and electrocardiographic findings consistent with SVT. Although standard treatment with intravenous adenosine failed to convert the SVT, it revealed AT as the cause of the tachydysrhythmia. The AT was successfully terminated with beta-blockade and the patient eventually underwent successful radioablation of three separate AT foci. Conclusions AT frequently mimics other more common forms of SVT. AT might be recognized only when standard treatment of SVT has failed. Identification of AT in this setting is crucial to allow for more definitive therapy.
Scleroderma heart disease.

Abstract 1. 1. A case of scleroderma heart disease, a rare cause of heart failure, has been described. 2. 2. A brief review of the cardiac pathology has been presented.
Resistivity of ternary Chevrel superconductors

Resistivities for a series of ternary Chevrel-phase superconductors are presented. All show a strong deviation from linearity above 50 K, which is compared to theoretical models.
Bounds for isoperimetric constants of infinite plane graphs

Abstract We establish an upper bound and new lower bounds for isoperimetric constants over infinite locally finite plane graphs with one end and with given minimum degree δ ⩾7.
Application of ECC for bridge deck link slabs

In this article, the application of ECC in a bridge deck link slab is described. The unique ultra high tensile ductility and tight crack width of self-consolidating ECC is exploited in this application to improve bridge deck constructability, durability, and sustainability. Design guidelines and material specifications were developed for implementation of this ECC link slab technology. A construction project implementing these guidelines and specifications was conducted in 2005 on an ECC-concrete bridge deck in southeast Michigan, USA. This article summarizes the experience of this project.
Tonic-Clonic Activity at Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Onset: Impact on Complications and Outcome

Objective Tonic-clonic activity (TCA) at onset complicates 3% to 21% of cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The impact of onset TCA on in-hospital complications, including seizures, remains unclear. One study associated onset TCA with poor clinical outcome at 6 weeks after SAH, but to our knowledge no other studies have confirmed this relationship. This study aims to assess the impact of onset TCA on in-hospital complications, poor functional outcome, mortality, and epilepsy at 3 months.
The significance of gastric bile reflux seen at endoscopy

We evaluated the significance of bile seen in the stomach at the time of endoscopy. Twenty-three percent of 110 consecutive patients undergoing elective panendoscopy were found to have bile in their stomachs. Gastric biopsies were obtained from these patients. To assess the significance of bile reflux, the patients underwent a quantitative gastric bile analysis on two separate days. On day 1, gastric juice was aspirated by nasogastric suction, and bile acid concentrations were measured. On day 2, bile reflux into the stomach was quantitated by scintiscan measurement of gastric nucleotide after intravenous administration of 99mTc-DISIDA. Approximately half the patients with bile reflux showed histologic evidence of mucosal injury. However, fewer than half with histologic injury had significant bile reflux when measured by quantitative methods. There was no correlation among the gastric bile acid concentration, degree of histologic injury, or severity of endoscopic changes. We conclude that finding bile reflux at endoscopy is probably of no clinical significance.
Differentiation of classes of neurosedatives using rats with septal lesions.

Abstract Rats were made hyper-reactive by the placement of mechanical lesions in the septal area. Phenobarbital (20 mg/kg), pentobarbital (10 mg/kg), amobarbital (30 mg/kg), meprobamate (100 mg/kg), chlorpromazine (5 mg/kg), trifluoperazine (2.5 mg/kg) and chlordiazepoxide (20 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to rats with septal lesions and the effects of these drugs on the reactivity of the rats were measured. The three barbiturates and meprobamate had no effect on the parameters measured. The doses of these drugs were sufficient to cause obvious ataxia in the animals. Chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine and chlordiazepoxide markedly inhibited the reactivity of the rats. The septal-lesioned rat preparation can be used to differentiate some psychotherapeutic agents from the general group of CNS depressants.
THE CHILD WITH RECURRENT SYNCOPE : AUTONOMIC FUNCTION TESTING AND BETA-ADRENERGIC HYPERSENSITIVITY

Abstract Recurrent syncope in the child with a normal heart poses both diagnostic and therapeutic problems. To assess autonomic contributions to syncope, formal autonomic function testing was performed in 22 children (aged 7 to 18 years) with recurrent syncope and a normal heart. Autonomic testing consisted of eight to nine separate tests; 14 of the 22 patients had reproduction of syncope or symptoms during testing. Patients with a positive test had a lower norepinephrine level while supine (334 ± 86 versus 547 ± 169 pg/ml, p Beta-adrenergic hypersensitivity may cause recurrent syncope in young patients. Inappropriate heart rate response to standing may elicit the Bezold-Jarisch reflex, resulting in bradycardia or hypotension, or both, in some patients. Beta-adrenergic blockade is of benefit in many of these patients.
Effectiveness of Multilevel (Tongue and Palate) Radiofrequency Tissue Ablation for Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Objectives: The primary objective is to determine the effectiveness of multilevel (tongue base and palate) temperature controlled radiofrequency tissue ablation (TCRFTA) for patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The secondary objective is to compare multilevel TCRFTA to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Study Design and Methods: The study is a controlled case series of one investigator's experience with multilevel TCRFTA for patients with OSAS. Twenty-two subjects with mild to severe OSAS, without tonsil hypertrophy, completed multilevel TCRFTA (mean 4.8 tongue base and 1.8 palate treatment sessions) and had both pre- and posttreatment polysomnography. Primary outcomes included change from baseline in apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), daytime somnolence, and reaction time testing measured 2 to 3 months after TCRFTA. Secondary outcomes included change in other respiratory parameters, OSAS related quality of life, and upper airway size. Comparison of 18 patients treated with TCRFTA for mild to moderate OSAS (AHI > 5 and ≤ 40) is made with 11 matched patients treated with nasal CPAP for mild to moderate OSAS. Results: Multilevel TCRFTA significantly improved AHI (P = .001), apnea index (P = .02), as well as respiratory and total arousal indices (P = .0002 and P = .01). Significant improvement with moderate or large treatment effect sizes were noted for OSAS related quality of life (P = .01) and daytime somnolence (P = .0001), with a trend toward significant improvement in reaction time testing (P = .06), with mean posttreatment normalization of all three outcome measures. Fifty-nine percent of subjects demonstrated at least a 50% reduction in AHI to less than 20. The targeted upper airway, measured in the supine position, demonstrated a trend toward significant improvement in mean cross sectional area (P = .05) and volume (P = .10). Side effects of TCRFTA were infrequent, mild, and self-limited. No significant correlation between pretreatment parameters and outcome improvement was noted. Nasal CPAP resulted in significant improvement in AHI (P = .0004) to near normal levels, with an associated improvement in OSAS related quality of life (P = .02) and a trend toward significant improvement in daytime somnolence (P = .06). Reaction time testing demonstrated no significant improvement (P = .75). No significant differences were seen for change in AHI, OSAS related quality of life, daytime somnolence, or reaction time testing between multilevel TCRFTA and CPAP. Conclusion: Multilevel (tongue base and palate) TCRFTA is a low-morbidity, office-based procedure performed with local anesthesia and is an effective treatment option for patients with OSAS. On average, abnormalities in daytime somnolence, quality of life, and reaction time testing demonstrated improvement from baseline and were normalized after treatment. Polysomnographic respiratory parameters also demonstrated significant improvement with multilevel TCRFTA.
The Relationships of Information Efficacy and Media Literacy Skills to Knowledge and Self-efficacy for Health-Related Decision Making

Abstract Objective: To compare the extent to which information efficacy (confidence for acquiring useful information) and media literacy skills predict knowledge and self-efficacy for preventing or treating the health threat of influenza. Participants: A random-sample survey of 1,379 residential students enrolled at a northwestern public university was conducted in fall 2009. Methods: Students accessed an Internet survey through a link provided in an e-mail. Results: Students who self-diagnosed correctly demonstrated higher levels of media literacy skills than those who self-diagnosed incorrectly. Among those who self-diagnosed incorrectly, the only predictor of knowledge was accessibility of information sources; low accessibility was associated with reduced knowledge. Information efficacy predicted self-efficacy for both groups. Conclusions: The results illustrate the limitations of information efficacy in the absence of media literacy skills. To decrease health risks, college health practitioners should...
Commensurate-incommensurate transitions with quenched random impurities

Commensurate-incommensurate transitions in uniaxial two-dimensional systems are examined in the presence of impurities that interact with domain walls. Exact Bethe-Ansatz calculations, tested by numerical studies, indicate that randomness is relevant and leads to new critical behavior---a discontinuity in the specific heat and divergence of domain size with an exponent of 1. The results are interpreted in terms of the behavior of a single interface. Global phase diagrams are presented and experimental implications are discussed.
Moisture-Induced Surface Corrosion in AZO Thin Films Formed by Atomic Layer Deposition

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin film is a viable alternative to tin-doped indium oxide, the dominant transparent conducting oxide used in solar cells. The durability of the AZO thin films grown by atomic layer deposition technique, which is known to form layers with atomic layer precision, is studied. The AZO films were subjected to the harsh environmental conditions of varying temperatures and humidity, and their changes in surface morphology and conductivity are investigated. Four different combinations of temperature (100°C and 20°C) and relative humidity (100% and 20%) were used. It was found that the films exposed to the high-moisture and temperature conditions resulted in surface corrosion and lowered conductivity. However, SEM cross-sectional images showed that the bulk of the film was unaffected. The corroded surface had contaminants deposited from the measurement chamber as observed from XPS elemental analysis. Detailed phase analysis showed the presence of zinc hydroxide and zinc carbonate inside the corroded regions.
Developing an Online Support Community for Pre-Service Teachers at East Carolina University

This article discusses the planning and initial research behind the design of an online support community for pre-service teachers. This community is initially being designed to support pre-service teachers with their technology integration efforts during their student teaching experiences, but may also grow to serve special teaching cohorts in high need areas of eastern North Carolina. Included is a presentation of pre-service teacher usability preferences and desired functionality.
Surface Modification of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) by Adsorption of Functional Polymers

Surfaces containing controllable densities of hydrophilic functional groups (carboxylic acids and amines) were prepared by the adsorption of functional polymers from aqueous solutions to fluoropolymer film samples. The adsorption behaviors of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), and polyethylenimine (PEI) at the poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP)/water interface were studied and compared with the behavior of poly(l-lysine) (PLL), a polymer that has been reported to adsorb at the FEP/water interface. Insight into how polymer structure and adsorption variables (pH, time, ionic strength) contribute to “hydrophobic interactions” (minimization of interfacial free energy) was gained. Wettability of the functionalized FEP film samples was assessed by advancing and receding contact angles (θA/θR), and the adsorbed amounts were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Adsorbed amounts are highest at pH values at which the polymers are not charged; this is pr...
The relationship of communication reticence and negative expectations

This investigation tested the hypothesis that as communication reticence increases, expectations of success in communication situations decrease. The utilization of multiple operationalizations of both communication reticence and expectations of success allowed for a number of internal replications of statistical tests of the hypothesis. Results of the research provide strong support for the hypothesis across the operationalizations of communication reticence and of expectations of success. A research question concerning the predictive utility of employing multiple measures of reticence as compared to single operationalizations was also investigated. The use of multiple measures of communication reticence did not meaningfully add to the predictive power of the model.
Ultraviolet radiation decreases expression and induces aggregation of corneal ALDH3A1.

Abstract Substantial reduction in corneal ALDH3A1 enzymatic activity associated with eye pathology was previously reported in C57BL/6J mice subjected to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The aim of this study was to examine whether UVR diminishes corneal ALDH3A1 expression through modifications at the transcriptional, translational, or post-translational level. Adult C57BL/6J mice were subjected to UVR exposure (302 nm peak wavelength) for various periods of time, and corneal ALDH3A1 mRNA and protein levels were monitored by Northern and Western blot analysis, respectively. In addition, ALDH3A1 enzymatic activity was determined as a measure of post-translational modification. Mice exposed to 0.2 J/cm 2 UVB radiation demonstrated an extensive decrease, approximately 80%, in mRNA and protein levels, as well as enzymatic activity of corneal ALDH3A1. Significant reductions in corneal ALDH3A1 enzymatic activity were detected in mice 96 h after exposure to 0.05 and 0.1 J/cm 2 UVB radiation; no significant changes were observed in mRNA and protein levels. These data suggest that UVB down-regulates corneal ALDH3A1 expression at the transcriptional and/or post-translational level depending on the dose of UVB. Reduction in gene transcription requires UVB doses greater than or equal to 0.2 J/cm 2 . In vitro experiments with human corneal epithelial cell lines stably transfected with human ALDH3A1 cDNA, and with purified recombinant human ALDH3A1 protein, indicated that ALDH3A1 undergoes post-translational modifications after UVR exposure. These modifications result in both covalent and non-covalent aggregation of the protein with no detectable precipitation. Such conformational changes may be associated with the function of ALDH3A1 as a chaperone-like molecule in the cornea.
Syntactic learning by induction from examples and experiments

ABSTRACT A variety of problems must be overcome for a system that learns from examples to be useful. Such problems include reducing the dependency on the order of presented examples; reducing the number of examples required to learn a concept; pruning the generalization space; handling both conjunctive and disjunctive concept descriptions; anddealing with noisy training instances. This paper presents a system that effectively deals with many of these problems in a real-world domain by actively participating in the example selection process. 1. INTRODUCTION An active area of research in machine learning involves systems that induce concept descriptions from examples. Some well known inductive systems include Winston's program1 which learns structural descriptions from examples, Meta-DENDRAL2, a program that discovers cleavage rulers for mass spectroscopy, INDUCE3, a general method for learning disjunctive structural descriptions, and 1D34, a system that develops classificationrules by synthesizing decision trees from examples. Syntactic learning by induction from
Liner cooling research at NASA Lewis Research Center

Described are recently completed and current advanced liner research applicable to advanced small gas turbine engines. Research relating to the evolution of fuel efficient small gas turbine engines capable of meeting future commercial and military aviation needs is currently under way at NASA Lewis Research Center. As part of this research, a reverse-flow combustor geometry was maintained while different advanced liner wall cooling techniques were investigated and compared to a baseline combustor. The performance of the combustors featuring counterflow film-cooled (CFFC) panels, transpiration cooled liner walls (TRANS), and compliant metal/ceramic (CMC) walls was obtained over a range of simulated flight conditions of a 16:1 pressure ratio gas turbine engine and fuel/air ratios up to 0.034. All the combustors featured an identical fuel injection system, identical geometric configuration outline, and similar designed internal aerothermodynamics.
Stability of the mandible following advancement: A comparison of three postsurgical fixation techniques

This study examines short-term stability of the mandible following mandibular advancement surgery by means of three standard techniques of postsurgical fixation. Twenty-two adult female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) underwent sagittal ramus advancement osteotomy of approximately 4 to 6 mm. Six animals had dental maxillomandibular fixation alone. Six animals had dental plus skeletal maxillomandibular fixation with circummandibular wires connected to pyriform aperture wires. Ten animals had rigid internal fixation with bicortical bone screws between the proximal and distal segments without maxillomandibular fixation. Radiographic cephalograms with the aid of tantalum bone markers and dental amalgams were analyzed during the first 6 postoperative weeks to evaluate skeletal and dental stability. Rigid internal fixation and the use of dental plus skeletal maxillomandibular fixation were both equally effective in the prevention of postsurgical relapse. However, in the animals in which only dental maxillomandibular fixation was used, statistically significant changes (relapse) occurred when compared with either of the other groups.
Crystal Chemical Characterization of the Mixed Conductor Sr ( Fe , Co ) 1.5 O y Exhibiting Unusually High Oxygen Permeability

The crystal chemistry of a recently reported mixed conductor SrFeCo{sub 0.5}O{sub y}, exhibiting unusually high oxygen permeability, has been characterized by systematically investigating the Sr(Fe, Co){sub 1.5}O{sub y} system. The samples belong to the general stoichiometry Sr{sub 4}Fe{sub 6{minus}x}Co{sub x}O{sub 13+{delta}} and have an orthorhombic, intergrowth structure isotypic with Sr{sub 4}Fe{sub 6}O{sub 13} for 0 {le} x {le} 1.5. While the intergrowth phase Sr{sub 4}Fe{sub 6{minus}x}Co{sub x}O{sub 13+{delta}} and the perovskite phase Sr(Fe, Co)O{sub 3{minus}{delta}} coexist along with CoO impurity for 1.7 {le} x {le} 2.1, the perovskite phase is formed along with CoO impurity for x = 2.4. In the single-phase region with 0 {le} x {le} 1.5, the oxygen content decreases, and the total conductivity increases with x. The occurrence of unusually high oxide-ion conductivity is explained on the basis of crystal chemistry.
A simple terminator for high efficiency liquid chromatography columns

A comparison is made between a flat bottom column terminator and a cone terminator on. 1.27 cm O.D. and 2.54 cm O.D. columns. The cone terminator results in a doubling of the column efficiency, is simple and inexpensive, and is universally adaptable to any diameter column.
Determination of major, trace and rare-earth elements in rocks by DCP—AES☆

Abstract Direct current plasma atomic emission spectrometry (DCP—AES) allows rapid and precise determinations of most petrologically and geochemically significant elements in igneous rocks. The method described here uses three different solutions (major elements, trace elements and rare-earth elements) to determine 29 elements. Although there are few interelement or matrix interferences we consistently find differential enhancements of Al, Sr and Ba that are related to Ca contents. We use an empirical correction to remove this effect. Also, there is a direct spectral overlap of Nd onto the Dy line and minor deviations from linearity at low concentrations of Rb and V. Our test results indicate that the precision (1σ RSD) is 2% or better for 22 elements, better than 5% for 6 elements and ∼ 6% for Rb. The accuracy of the method, judged by comparison of measured to accepted values for well-known U.S.G.S. standards, is sufficient for most types of petrologic and geochemical research.
OUTCOMES OF INPATIENT GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY ASSOCIATED WITH DISPOSITIONAL AND SITUATIONAL AFFILIATIVENESS

Before and after participating in an intensive three-week program of group psychotherapy, 33 recently rehospitalized male veterans (mean age=42) completed the Symptom Check List-90R and the Profile of Mood States. Prior to this program they also completed a trait affiliativeness measure and later rated their subsequent group therapy sessions for situational affiliativeness. The outcome measures indicated medium to large effect size benefits, which consistently associated positively with both separate and joint measures of trait and situational affiliativeness. The results encourage greater clinical attention to affiliativeness, a construct central to interpersonal theories of personality.
Aberrant Promoter Methylation of Caveolin-1 Is Associated with Favorable Response to Taxane-Platinum Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced NSCLC

Purpose: Aberrant promoter DNA methylation can serve as a predictive biomarker for improved clinical responses to certain chemotherapeutics. One of the major advantages of methylation biomarkers is the ease of detection and clinical application. In order to identify methylation biomarkers predictive of a response to a taxane-platinum based chemotherapy regimen in advanced NSCLC we performed an unbiased methylation analysis of 1,536 CpG dinucleotides in cancerassociated gene loci and correlated results with clinical outcomes. Methods: We studied a cohort of 49 patients (median age 62 years) with advanced NSCLC treated at the Atlanta VAMC between 1999 and 2010. Methylation analysis was done on the Illumina GoldenGate Cancer panel 1 methylation microarray platform. Methylation data were correlated with clinical response and adjusted for false discovery rates. Results: Cav1 methylation emerged as a powerful predictor for achieving disease stabilization following platinum taxane based chemotherapy (p=1.21E-05, FDR significance =0.018176). In Cox regression analysis after multivariate adjustment for age, performance status, gender, histology and the use of bevacizumab, CAV1 methylation was significantly associated with improved overall survival (HR 0.18 (95%CI: 0.03–0.94)). Silencing of CAV1 expression in lung cancer cell lines(A549, EKVX)by shRNA led to alterations in taxane retention. Conclusions: CAV1 methylation is a predictor of disease stabilization and improved overall survival following chemotherapy with a taxane-platinum combination regimen in advanced NSCLC. CAV1 methylation may predict improved outcomes for other chemotherapeutic agents which are subject to cellular clearance mediated by caveolae.
Sidelobe levels of weighting functions with a platform when the number of samples (N) is small

The highest sidelobe level is a figure of merit of weighting functions. It has been found that published figures [1] for weighting functions that rest on a platform, e.g., Hamming, Blackman-- Harris, apply only when N is large. The sidelobe levels are significantly higher than the published figures when N is small.
Convergent transcription through microsatellite repeat tracts induces cell death

Microsatellite sequences, composed of short tandem repeats and randomly distributed in human genome, can become unstable during various DNA metabolic processes. Expansions of CAG, GAA, CGG and CCTG repeats located in specific genes are responsible for several human disorders. It is known that a major percentage of human genes simultaneously express both sense and antisense transcripts. Recently, we reported that convergent transcription through a CAG95 tract in human cells leads to cell cycle arrest as well as robust apoptosis. In this study, we studied the effects of convergent transcription through other types of repeats, using cell lines that contain substrates with inducible sense and antisense transcription through CGG66, GAA102, or CCTG134 tracts. We found that convergent transcription through all these repeats inhibits cell growth and induces cell death, though more moderately than convergent transcription through a CAG tract. These results suggest that convergent transcription through various types of tandem repeats represent a novel type of stress to cells.
A strategic analysis of the lodging industry

A marketing specialist and a financial analyst look at the lodging industry, and like what they see … as long as the economy remains strong
Cemented Humeral Stem Fixation: Standard of Care

Cemented humeral stem fixation in shoulder joint arthroplasty has been, and continues to be, the "gold standard" to ensure satisfactory implant orientation and stability. The most commonly performed type of shoulder arthroplasty is hemiarthroplasty in the face of comminuted fracture. Appropriate stem height and version relative to the glenoid is paramount in obtaining a satisfactory result. This has been proven to be reliably reproducible through cement fixation of the stem with careful reattachment of the tuberosities. Total shoulder arthroplasty in rheumatoid patients with questionable bone stock likewise has relied upon "cementation" of the humeral component to ensure secure fixation, prevent loosening, and avoid subsidence. In younger patients, it is tempting to want to avoid cement in the proximal humerus; nonetheless, most studies have demonstrated loosening of the humeral component not to be problematic once cement has been used. In addition, newer modular components allow head removal (without stem removal), providing ready access to the glenoid should glenoid revision be needed. In addition, the ability to add antibiotics within the cement mantle in high-risk patients affords an advantage in treating and/or avoiding infection. Survivorship studies have not demonstrated an advantage of cementless versus cement fixation of the humeral component in shoulder arthroplasty.
Multiscale Simulation of Nanoparticle Transport and Deposition in Fiber Matrix During a Nanofluid Filtration Process

A multiscale model is developed to simulate filtration process for the fabrication of composite material with nanoparticle additives. The model consists of two components. One is a particle trajectory tracking model (PTTM) which can predict the deposition rate of nanoparticle on the fiber matrix in a single pore structure, and the other one is a macroscale transport model of fluid flow in porous fiber structures. The flow of the fluid in the porous media with a free moving surface is solved by using the meshless SPH method. The integrated model is used to predict the local deposition rate coefficient and the distribution of the nanoparticle concentration in the carrier fluid and on the fiber surface. We envision this as the first step of a systematic study towards to an advanced understanding of the process as well as the optimization of the operational parameters for achieving homogeneous material properties of the materials.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Relationship of Non-Polypoid Colorectal Neoplasms to Quality of Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a dominant modality for colorectal cancer prevention in average-risk patients aged 50 years and older. Non-polypoid colorectal neoplasms (NP-CRNs) are likely a significant contributing factor to interval colorectal cancers because they have a higher prevalence in Western populations than previously thought, are more difficult to detect visually with conventional colonoscopy, and are more likely to contain advanced histology than polypoid neoplasms, regardless of size. The accurate identification and complete removal of NP-CRNs is thus an integral part of high-quality colonoscopy, and a critical component of the ongoing efforts to make colorectal cancer screening programs widely available, effective, and accepted by patients. In this article, the authors examine the quality indicators for colonoscopy, present the reasons for interval cancers, and discuss the relation between NP-CRNs and quality colonoscopy.
Problems Related to Measuring the Field Strength of High-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

Discussion and comparison of the analysis of two cases of an electron of uniform velocity acted on by a uniform magnetic field parallel to the electron direction, and a high-frequency electromagnetic field with the electric component transverse to the beam, shows that, for both a plane parallel-plate field and a rectangular cavity field, the field amplitude may be expressed quite simply in terms of easily measurable parameters. The simple relationship in question requires that certain velocity conditions on the electron velocity be observed, and that the cyclotron frequency ǀeǀ H/mc be equal to the frequency of the alternating electromagnetic field.
Social effects of pair programming mitigate impact of bounded rationality

We conducted an observational case study of pair programmers and solo programmers in a challenging, time-limited programming exam in a split level course at the University of Georgia during the spring semester of 2013. Although we observed no significant difference in performance on the exam, we found that pair programming promoted the early application of critical thinking in the process of solving a challenging programming task. Specifically, the pair programmers were found to conduct more critical thinking and to ask important questions in the program design phase while solo programmers postponed the same required thinking activity and associated questions until the testing and debugging phase. We attribute the solo programmer's failure to delve into the difficult questions to the phenomenon of "bounded rationality" and propose that the social effects of pair programming serve to mitigate this phenomenon with the result that the pair programmers' behaviors better align with good software engineering practices and promote the acquisition of expertise.
Completion of binary statements by children at three academic levels.

This study was designed to examine the strategy employed by school-aged subjects when completing binary statements. Thirty-two incomplete binary statements representing four statement conditions (true affirmative, true negative, false affirmative, and false negative) were administered to 120 children randomly selected from three academic levels. A response-index change model is postulated as representing the strategy employed by these school-aged subjects when completing binary statements. According to this model, the factor that causes response time to differ across the four statement conditions is the number of times the child is required to change the set of his response index. The child begins the task of completing a binary statement by reading and encoding the incomplete statement. He then selects the numeral that corresponds to the adjective “odd” or “even” contained in the predicate of the incomplete statement. The child’s response index is now set to respond with this numeral. What the child does at this point will depend upon the type of statement condition with which he is working. If the child is completing a TA statement, no response-index change is required. He simply gives as his answer the numeral to which his response index is set. If the child is completing an FA statement or a TN statement, one response-index change is required. If the child is completing an FN statement, two response-index changes are required.
Differences in the structure of isoscalar and isovector “stretched” excitations in 24Mg and 28Si

Abstract A comparison of theoretical distorted wave impulse approximation results with the experimental data for the excitation of “stretched” 6− T = 0 and 6− T = 1 levels in 24Mg and 28Si by 135 MeV protons suggests significant differences in the structure of the isoscalar and isovector levels. This is consistent with the results of a recent study of the (π, π′) reaction on 28Si.
Developing MR reporter genes: promises and pitfalls†

MR reporter genes have the potential to monitor transgene expression non-invasively in real time at high resolution. These genes can be applied to interrogate the efficacy of gene therapy, to assess cellular differentiation, cell trafficking, and specific metabolic activity, and also assess changes in the microenvironment. Efforts toward the development of MR reporter genes have been made for at least a decade, but, despite these efforts, the field is still in its early developmental stage. This reflects the fact that there are potential pitfalls, caused by the low sensitivity of detection, the need for substrates with their associated undesirable pharmacokinetics, and/or the difficult and, in some cases, delayed interpretation of signal changes. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made during the last few years. Whereas enzyme-based reporters were initially applied to NMR spectroscopic monitoring of changes in phosphor and fluorine metabolism, MRI-based approaches are now emerging that rely on: (1) enzyme-based cleavage of functional groups that block water (proton) exchange or protein binding of MR contrast agents; (2) expression of surface receptors that enable binding of specific MR contrast agents; (3) expression of para- and anti-ferromagnetic (metallo)proteins involved with iron metabolism, such as tyrosinase, transferrin receptor, and ferritin. After an introduction to the basic principles of designing promoters, expression vectors, and cloning of transgenes, a fresh look is provided on the use of reporter genes for optical (including bioluminescent) and nuclear imaging, with which MR reporter genes compete. Although progress in the use of MR reporter genes has been slow, newer strategies that use metalloproteins or alternative contrast mechanisms, with no need for substrates, promise rapid growth potential for this field. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Taped Therapeutic Suggestions and Taped Music as Adjuncts in the Care of Coronary-Artery-Bypass Patients

Abstract A randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial examined the benefits of taped therapeutic suggestions and taped music in coronary-artery-bypass patients. Sixty-six patients listened to either suggestion tapes or music tapes, intraoperatively and postoperatively; 29 patients listened to blank tapes intraoperatively and listened to no tapes postoperatively. Half the patients who listened to a tape found it helpful. There were no significant differences between groups in length of SICU or postoperative hospital stay, narcotic usage, nurse ratings of anxiety and progress, depression, activities of daily living, or cardiac symptoms. There were no significant differences in these same outcomes between the patients who were helped by the tapes and the patients not helped. These results suggest that if taped therapeutic suggestions have a measurable effect upon cardiac surgery patients, demonstrating this effect will require more detailed patient evaluations to identify subgroups of patients resp...
The Intercultural Communication Course: A Response to the Carter Commission's Call for Increased Citizen Education in International Affairs

This article describes a course designed to increase the intercultural communication skills of American postsecondary students. Activities include readings and movies illustrating cross-cultural conflicts; application of the Gudykunst and Kim model to a crosscultural case study; panel discussions; and a cultural simulation. Suggestions are provided for adopting the course or parts of it in the foreign language or general education curriculum.
Solvent selection in extraction of airborne particulate matter.

Abstract Replicate samples of airborne particulate matter were extracted with 17 different solvents. The yields of dried extract were strongly correlated with a solvent strength parameter, ϵ°, derived from liquid-solid chromatography.
The behavior of labeled thyroglobulin and labeled thyroxine in patients with myxedema.

INITIAL observations on the behavior of radioiodocasein in a patient having myxedema have been previously reported (1,2). We wish to add comparable observations of the metabolic fate of natural iodoprotein, thyroglobulin, and of its essential constituent, thyroxine. Although many studies of this general nature have been made in the past on man and animals (3, 4), the necessary use of pharmacolcgic amounts of calorigenic substances in order to obtain satisfactory determinations of iodine in body fluids has been a deterrent to further investigation. The use of the isotope method circumvents this difficulty, for it permits the use of physiologic amounts of material. Moreover, it is possible to prepare calorigenic material with sufficient radioactivity and biologic potency to enable one to obtain serial analytic data of considerably greater accuracy and sensitivity than heretofore possible, as well as serial observations in vivo. The present paper deals with the behavior of radiothyroglobulin and radiothyroxi...
Genetic and Environmental Regulation of Dauer Larva Development

I. INTRODUCTION Dauer larvae were first identified as a special larval stage of insect-parasitic nematodes. These larvae, which differed structurally from all other stages of the same species, were termed “dauerlarven” by Fuchs (1915). The dauer (enduring) stage of Caenorhabditis elegans is formed when environmental conditions are inadequate for successful reproduction. In abundant food, the animal develops continuously through the four larval stages (L1–L4) to the adult. Coincident with increased population density and limited food supply, development is arrested at the second molt, and the third-stage larva that is formed is structurally and behaviorally specialized for dispersal and long-term survival (Cassada and Russell 1975). Dauer larvae do not feed, but they can survive at least four to eight times the normal 2-week life span of C. elegans (Klass and Hirsh 1976). When favorable conditions are encountered, the dauer larva begins to feed and resumes development to the adult. Both entry into and exit from the dauer stage are developmental responses to specific chemosensory cues. These cues inform the larva whether there will be sufficient food available to support its reproduction. The environmental cues are first assessed and integrated throughout the L1 stage (Golden and Riddle 1984b). The primary cue is a Caenorhabditis-specific pheromone constitutively released by the nematodes (Golden and Riddle 1984c). The pheromone is very stable and hydrophobic and has chromatographic properties similar to those of hydroxylated fatty acids and bile acids. The concentration of pheromone reflects nematode population density. Temperature and food modulate the response to pheromone...
A novel electrode design for chronic recording of electromyographic activity

We describe a simple, self-retaining electromyography (EMG) electrode for use in chronic recording of EMG activity. The EMG electrode is helical in shape, resembling the screw-in fixation device on many cardiac pacing electrodes. Screw-like placement of the electrode secures it in the musculature without sutures. We have been using this electrode design to obtain months of quality diaphragmatic EMG recording in conscious rabbits. By changing the electrode wire size and coil dimensions, this design could be applied to chronic EMG recording in a variety of muscles and species.
Site-Directed Fluorescence Studies of Purified, Functional Cannabinoid Receptor Cb1: Agonist-Induced Conformational Changes in TM6 are Blocked by an Allosteric Modulator and Enhanced by a Novel CB1 Specific Antibody

The human cannabinoid receptor CB1 is one of the most highly expressed GPCRs in the central nervous system, and a promising target for therapeutic applications. However, structural and biophysical information about this receptor have been limited due to difficulties in purifying the receptor in a functional form and working with its hydrophobic ligands. Here we report on our ability to purify and study a detergent-solubilized functional form of the CB1 receptor. Our site-directed fluorescence labeling studies show specific conformational changes in CB1 in response to different cannabinoid ligands. This work involved attaching a specific fluorescent label to transmembrane helix 6 (TM6) of CB1. We then studied this labeled sample using various fluorescence approaches. Our data shows specific spectral changes of the attached probe upon addition of various cannabinoid ligands, which we can clearly interpret to be due to drug-induced conformational changes in the receptor. We have subsequently used this labeled CB1 mutant to explore the effect of allosteric ligands and conformationally sensitive antibodies on TM6 movements in CB1.
An Avalanching Optoelectronic Microwave Switch

A new optoelectronic microwave switching device is described. The device is composed of a Semiconductor junction diode that is incorporated into a transmission line and illuminated with optical pulses from a semiconductor laser. Switching of microwave signals is achieved by changes in the RF impedance of the diode's high-field region resulting from an optically induced switching between low and high-level avalanche states. Experimental results demonstrating the switching characteristics and speed of this device are presented along with a basic theory of operation. The ultimate capabilities of this device and its advantages over conventional p-i-n diode switches and other optoelectronic switching devices are also discussed.