cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Psychology: The marriage of discourse analysis with neuroscience. 1 Psicología híbrida: La unión del análisis del discurso con la neurociencia

A lo largo del siglo XX, la psicologia academica parece separarse en dos dominios radicalmente distintos e irreconciliables. La psicologia discursiva se centro en la gestion de significado en un mundo de normas, mientras la neuropsicologia se centro en la investigacion del cerebro y de los procesos cognitivos. Estos dos dominios pueden reconciliarse en una ciencia hibrida que las reuna en una sintesis mas potente, logro que los psicologos no han conseguido con anterioridad. En este articulo, se entiende que la psicologia hibrida depende de la intuicion de que mientras que el cerebro puede asimilarse en el mundo de las personas, las personas no pueden asimilarse en el mundo de las estructuras celulares y los procesos moleculares. El proyecto de crear una ciencia hibrida, en la que el simbolo incorpore la capacidad de que los seres humanos sean sometidos a un plan unificado de los aspectos organicos de los miembros de la especie homo sapiens, exige la disolucion del problema mentecuerpo, de alguna manera dejando de lado como una ilusion, basada en una premisa erronea.
Upfront plerixafor plus G-CSF versus cyclophosphamide plus G-CSF for stem cell mobilization in multiple myeloma: efficacy and cost analysis study

Cyclophosphamide plus G-CSF (C+G-CSF) is one of the most widely used stem cell (SC) mobilization regimens for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Plerixafor plus G-CSF (P+G-CSF) has demonstrated superior SC mobilization efficacy when compared with G-CSF alone and has been shown to rescue patients who fail mobilization with G-CSF or C+G-CSF. Despite the proven efficacy of P+G-CSF in upfront SC mobilization, its use has been limited, mostly due to concerns of high price of the drug. However, a comprehensive comparison of the efficacy and cost effectiveness of SC mobilization using C+G-CSF versus P+G-CSF is not available. In this study, we compared 111 patients receiving C+G-CSF to 112 patients receiving P+G-CSF. The use of P+G-CSF was associated with a higher success rate of SC collection defined as ⩾5 × 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (94 versus 83%, P=0.013) and less toxicities. Thirteen patients in the C+G-CSF arm were hospitalized owing to complications while none in the P+G-CSF group. C+G-CSF was associated with higher financial burden as assessed using institutional-specific costs and charges (P<0.001) as well as using Medicare reimbursement rates (P=0.27). Higher rate of hospitalization, increased need for salvage mobilization, and increased G-CSF use account for these differences.
Recovery Time of Physiologically Inactive Photosystem II Reaction Centers Measured by the Electrochromic Absorbance Change at 515nm

Presently a controversy exists in the literature concerning the ratio of PSII to chlorophyll in thylakoid membranes. The techniques used to measure this ratio are at the crux of the disagreement. Whereas techniques that measure physiologically active PSII complexes by oxygen evolution or proton yield due to single turnover flashes estimate chlorophyll to PSII ratios of 600:1 (1), techniques that measure the light-induced absorbance change due to QA reduction or determine herbicide binding sites estimate chlorophylkPSII ratios of 300–400:1 (2-3). This discrepancy can be rationalized with a single assumption: PSII consists of at least two different populations, active and inactive. Active PSII complexes are capable of transferring electrons from H2O to the plastoquinone pool at physiological rates ( le-/2ms). Inactive PSII complexes can transfer an electron from H2O to QA but oxidation of Q-A is slow compared to the active complexes.
A new genus and two new species of North American Leeuwenhoekiine chiggers (Acarina, Trombiculidae).

The genus Xenodontacarus, nomen novum, is proposed for Xenacarus Greenberg, 1951 (non Kishida, 1925), and consists of Acomatacarus (Xenacarus) plumosus Greenberg, 1951, type species Acomatacarus brevicalcar Brennan & Jones, 1954, and 2 new species. Described are Xenodontacarus folius, n. sp., off Peromyscus boylii from Sinaloa, Mexico and X. serratus, n. sp., off Artibeus lituratus, also from Sinaloa, Mexico.
The Personal Attribute Inventory for Children: Normative Data:

The Personal Attribute Inventory for Children has been previously reported reliable and valid for quick assessment of interpersonal and intrapersonal attitudes of children in various settings. As few normative data are available, for 1,050 children evaluations of themselves, their mothers, and their fathers provided normative information.
Advances in fluid therapy and the early care of the burn patient.

The resuscitation and early care of the burn patient has been placed on a more sound physiologic basis as a result of recent studies of the pathologic effects of thermal injury and the clinical application of technological advances. Whichever resuscitation formula is employed, its application should be guided by the patient's response to treatment. The surgeon must preserve vital organ function while taking advantage of compensatory mechanisms to minimize the deleterious effects of both the injury and the therapy. Resuscitation using only balanced salt solution in the first 24 hours, and reserving colloid-containing fluids for the second 24 hours, is clinically effective in the vast majority of burn patients, but should be altered in terms of volume and composition to meet the particular needs of any given burn patient. Repeated planned monitoring of cardiopulmonary function and of the peripheral circulation is mandatory to achieve maximum survival of unburned tissue and to reduce mortality. Careful fluid management, including daily assessment of fluid balance, is required from the time of admission until the burn wound has healed or been grafted.
Experiments on Species Discrimination in Blue-Winged Warblers

DISCRIMINATION of species by birds may be dependent upon appropriate visual and auditory stimuli. Lack's study (1943) of the Robin (Erithacus rubecula) demonstrated the importance of a visual stimulus, the red breast. Other more recent studies (Dilger, 1956; Stein, 1958, 1963; Lanyon, 1963) have demonstrated the lack of importance of morphology and the reliance on auditory signals in certain species. Wood warblers (Parulidae) possess complex species-specific plumage patterns and vocalizations and might therefore rely on both types of stimuli. Species discrimination within the Blue-winged Warbler (Vermivora pinus) and Golden-winged Warbler (V. chrysoptera) complex is of particular interest because of the frequent hybridization of these birds in some areas of sympatry (Carter, 1944; Parkes, 1951; Berger, 1958; Short, 1963). The experiments discussed in this paper were designed to determine the basis for species discrimination in a population of Blue-winged Warblers on Long Island, New York, an area in which the Golden-winged Warbler is rarely found breeding. Morphologically, specimens from this population exhibit little evidence of introgression (Short, 1963).
Antibiotic concentrations in human bone. A preliminary report.

Fifty patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were given oxacillin preoperatively and intraoperatively. Simultaneous specimens of bone and serum were obtained during the operation and assayed for oxacillin content. The different doses and modes of administration were compared with respect to antibiotic concentration in bone and in serum. Significant oxacillin bone levels were attainable when oxacillin was appropriately administered.
Muscle loading in exoskeletal orthotic use in an activity of daily living.

Abstract Strokes are the leading cause of major adult disability with up to 85% of U.S. survivors experiencing hemiparesis. Physical characteristics of upper-extremity exoskeletal orthotics, used in stroke rehabilitation, were evaluated in terms of performance of activities of daily living (ADL), perceived exertion, and muscle load. Simulated orthotic weight distributions, with total extremity loads of 0.81 kg, 1.25 kg and 2.27 kg, were evaluated along with a 0 kg control condition. Response measures included average shoulder/elbow muscle surface electromyography (sEMG) signal amplitude, quality of task completion and total rest time during performance, and Borg CR-10 scale ratings. Device weight distribution, or imposed shoulder moment, was found to have a significant effect on biceps brachii and anterior deltoid activation levels, percent task completion, total rest time, and perceived exertion ratings. Results suggest that heavier upper-extremity orthotics could cause undesirable effects in terms of muscle loading, performance and exertion; such adverse effects could potentially lead to lack of use during patient’s rehabilitation.
Humanistic Antidotes to Social Media/Cell Phone Addiction in the College Classroom

This article describes “humanistic antidotes” to offset the widespread social media/cell phone addiction prevalent in current US college classrooms. The inappropriate use of cell phones to engage in social media in college classrooms is a pervasive problem that many college instructors have complained about. The dominant focus of this article is in humanistic education, in which the author's efforts at getting psychology college students to put away their cell phones, “talk with each other,” and gain awareness of the detrimental effects of social media addiction and narcissism is illustrated. The methodology utilized in this article is based upon autoethnographic research, where relevant experiences of the researcher are considered to be an informative and fundamental part of the research. The author describes in narrative form his relevant experiences in formulating humanistic antidotes to the excessive and inappropriate use of cell phones to engage in social media, that he encountered in his college psychology teaching. These humanistic antidotes are described as a three-step process: 1) take necessary actions to eliminate as much as possible the inappropriate use of cell phones in the classroom; 2) engage students in required personal/academic small group discussions every class period; 3) include small discussions about the excessive and inappropriate use of cell phones and social media, and require them to write and present project papers of their own choosing, which will likely include some papers on the topic of cell phone/social media addiction, demonstrating their awareness of the detrimental aspects of this pervasive problem.
Optical crystallographic properties of organic compounds

The optical crystallographic properties of three triazoles, formulas (I), (II), and (III), have been determined. The aldehyde (II) shows very large positive birefringence. The optical properties are sufficiently different to be useful for positive identification of the compounds. The behavior of the compounds on the micro hot stage was examined and the micro melting points are recorded.
Collaborative Development: Reflective Mentoring for GTAs

This study examines the development of a graduate peer mentoring program in the Composition Program at Wayne State University. Responding to Reed’s (2008) call for a formal and structured program, we developed and implemented multiple nodes of informal and formal structures for new graduate teaching assistants. Extending notions of communities of practice, we describe what we call “third spaces” for teacher training. Our third spaces occur within the teaching practicum, writing center, teaching circles, teaching blogs, and peer observations. We end with a reflection on the limitations of our Graduate peer mentoring program and suggestions for change and program assessment.
Automatic building change detection through adaptive local textural features and sequential background removal

In this paper, we present a new framework for building change detection from monocular aerial imagery that automatically predicts building candidates based on adaptive local textural features with successive background removal. An adaptive local entropy feature is developed based on quadratic regression and Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) for extracting potential building candidates. Then a majority voting aggregation strategy is employed to accurately estimate shadow direction associated with building objects to aid in reducing false positives in the detected building candidates. A ground plane estimation method is proposed to distinguish building and non-building objects that share similar textural features. Finally, to better estimate changes in building area, a double convex hull based morphological merging technique is introduced. The evaluation results of the proposed framework performed on three-band (RGB) aerial images indicate its capability to successfully detect building changes in urban, suburban, and rural areas.
Intravenous vitamin C as adjunctive therapy for enterovirus/rhinovirus induced acute respiratory distress syndrome

We report a case of virus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with parenteral vitamin C in a patient testing positive for enterovirus/rhinovirus on viral screening. This report outlines the first use of high dose intravenous vitamin C as an interventional therapy for ARDS, resulting from enterovirus/rhinovirus respiratory infection. From very significant preclinical research performed at Virginia Commonwealth University with vitamin C and with the very positive results of a previously performed phase I safety trial infusing high dose vitamin C intravenously into patients with severe sepsis, we reasoned that infusing identical dosing to a patient with ARDS from viral infection would be therapeutic. We report here the case of a 20-year-old, previously healthy, female who contracted respiratory enterovirus/rhinovirus infection that led to acute lung injury and rapidly to ARDS. She contracted the infection in central Italy while on an 8-d spring break from college. During a return flight to the United States, she developed increasing dyspnea and hypoxemia that rapidly developed into acute lung injury that led to ARDS. When support with mechanical ventilation failed, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was initiated. Twelve hours following ECMO initiation, high dose intravenous vitamin C was begun. The patient's recovery was rapid. ECMO and mechanical ventilation were discontinued by day-7 and the patient recovered with no long-term ARDS sequelae. Infusing high dose intravenous vitamin C into this patient with virus-induced ARDS was associated with rapid resolution of lung injury with no evidence of post-ARDS fibroproliferative sequelae. Intravenous vitamin C as a treatment for ARDS may open a new era of therapy for ARDS from many causes.
Peter Turchin. Ultrasociety: How 10,000 Years of War made Humans the Greatest Cooperators on Earth.

Turchin, Peter. 2016. Ultrasociety: How 10,000 Years of War made Humans the Greatest Cooperators on Earth. Chaplin, CT: Beresta Books. 266 pages. Paperback $18.95.
Bystander Intervention in Bullying: Role of Social Skills and Gender.

The Bystander Intervention Model proposed by social psychologists Latane and Darley has been used to examine the actions of peer bystanders in bullying. The five-stage model consists of notice the ...
Traumatic Hip Dislocation: What the Orthopedic Surgeon Wants to Know.

This article reviews the most commonly used classification systems of hip dislocation and emphasizes the most clinically important imaging findings with a simplified checklist approach to aid rapid interpretation and communication with the treating orthopedic surgeon.
Effects of acute aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness and cerebrovascular pulsatility in adults with and without hypertension.

OBJECTIVES Stiffer central arteries, as seen in hypertension (HTN), foster transmission of pulsatile hemodynamics into fragile cerebral vessels. Aerobic exercise is recommended for adults with HTN, but its effects on arterial stiffness and pulsatility in this group are unclear. This study sought to investigate the effect of acute aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness and cerebrovascular pulsatility in 30 adults with treated HTN and 30 age, sex, and BMI-matched adults without HTN (56 ± 6 years, BMI 28.2 ± 2.9 kg/m; 28 women). METHODS Patients underwent hemodynamic measures before/after 30-min cycling (≈55% peak oxygen consumption). Aortic stiffness was measured using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, and carotid artery stiffness was assessed with β-stiffness via ultrasound. Aortic/carotid pulse pressure (aortic via radial generalized transfer function) was measured by tonometry and calibrated to brachial mean pressure and diastolic pressure. Carotid/middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood velocity pulsatility indices were measured using Doppler. Carotid wave intensity analysis was used to derive forward wave intensity (W1). RESULTS Exercise impacted hemodynamics similarly in HTN compared to no-HTN. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, MCA pulsatility index, carotid pulsatility index, and W1 increased similarly after exercise in both groups (P < 0.05). Carotid pulse pressure and β-stiffness were unaltered after exercise. Postexercise changes in W1 were positively associated with carotid pulsatility index, which was further associated with MCA pulsatility index. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest adults with treated HTN experience similar increases in aortic stiffness and cerebrovascular hemodynamic pulsatility during early recovery from acute aerobic exercise as their counterparts without HTN.
Improving surveillance of sexually transmitted diseases through geocoded morbidity assignment.

Objectives.We assessed the added value of using a geocoderto improve sexually transmitted disease (STD) surveillance data and decision support through redistribution of inaccurately assigned morbid...
Computational modeling of mitochondrial function.

Mitochondrial energy transduction has been traditionally studied with thermodynamic models. More recently, kinetic or thermo-kinetic models have been proposed, leading the path toward an understanding of the control and regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism and its interaction with cytoplasmic and other compartments. In this work, we outline the methods, step-by-step, that should be followed to build a computational model of mitochondrial energetics in isolation or integrated to a network of cellular processes. Depending on the question addressed by the modeler, the methodology explained herein can be applied with different levels of detail, from the mitochondrial energy producing machinery in a network of cellular processes to the dynamics of a single enzyme during its catalytic cycle.
Acid stress induces differential accumulation of metabolites in Escherichia coli O26:H11.

AIMS Acid exposure induces accumulation of certain metabolites in bacteria. The experimental objective was to identify the primary metabolites accumulating in Escherichia coli O26:H11 as a function of acid (pH 3·6) exposure. METHODS AND RESULTS Different buffers of pH 7·5 and 3·6 were used to study the metabolites accumulating in E. coli O26:H11 cells during such pH exposure. After 24 h of acid exposure, there was a 7-log decline in E. coli populations on trypticase soy agar plates. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified 293 primary metabolites of which 145 metabolites were differentially (P < 0·01) accumulating between pH 7·5 and 3·6 in E. coli O26:H11. CONCLUSIONS After 24 h of acid exposure, 21 different metabolic pathways appeared to be functional, suggesting that the cells were still metabolically active. Among the identifiable pathways, the key differentially expressed pathways were associated with peptidoglycan biosynthesis, purine metabolism, d-Glutamine/d-glutamate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and inositol phosphate metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Shiga toxin producing non-O157 E. coli strains such as E. coli O26 are responsible for a growing number of food-related illnesses in the United States and around the world. From food production to consumption, micro-organisms in foods experience dramatic pH fluctuations by organic acids introduced either during food processing or by inorganic acids in the stomach. Acid exposure induces specific metabolite accumulation in bacterial cells. Understanding the survival mechanisms of pathogenic micro-organisms by studying the metabolome would be helpful in introducing effective hurdles and thus ensuring food safety.
Community Empowerment and Change in Early Childhood: Education diplomacy within a United States context

Given the importance of the early childhood years, innovations to improve programs and services for this age range are vital, particularly for the marginalized populations in society.
Preparing Critically Conscious Dual-Language Teachers: Recognizing and Interrupting Dominant Ideologies

Due to the preK–12 student growth, the exponential growth of dual-language programs, and the gentrification of dual-language education, the need for critically conscious dual-language teachers is u...
Direct practice contact: Predicting frontline child welfare workers' time with clients

Abstract Understanding how child welfare workers manage their time is an important area of study because of the critical role they play in the lives of vulnerable children and families and because the demands of the job have been indicated as a factor in high rates of undesired turnover. This research identifies worker, client, agency and societal factors that are predictive of the amount of time frontline workers spend in direct practice with their clients. The sample for this study was drawn from a multi-state survey of child welfare workers (n = 3920) in two jurisdictions. Respondents were included in the sample if they worked directly with children and families and had ongoing relationships with their clients in out-of-home care. The final sample consisted of 446 direct care workers. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that a perceived culture of practice improvement moderated the relationship between frontline worker stress and time spent with clients. Additionally, satisfaction with supervision was predictive of both a culture of practice improvement and time spent with clients. Feelings of blame from society when a tragedy occurred was predictive of frontline worker stress, and higher levels of client trauma were predictive of less client contact. Implications for practice and suggestions for future study are discussed.
Radiographic characteristics of neuroendocrine liver metastases do not predict clinical outcomes following liver resection.

Background: Previous research has demonstrated that specific radiographic criteria, including the presence of calcifications and the enhancement pattern on computed tomography (CT) imaging, correlates with clinicopathologic features and outcomes of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET). We sought to investigate whether these radiographic characteristics were prognostic among patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases (NELM) undergoing surgical resection. Methods: The preoperative contrast-enhanced CT scans of all patients who underwent resection of NELM at a single institution between 2000–2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The presence of calcifications was determined on non-contrast phase imaging. Enhancement on the arterial phase scan was categorized as hyperenhancing, hypoenhancing, or mixed. Relevant clinicopathologic characteristics as well as recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between groups. Results: Among 82 patients who underwent resection of NELM, 57 had available data on calcifications while 51 had data available on arterial enhancement patterns. Among all patients, median age was 58 (IQR: 47–63) and the majority were female (N=48, 59.5%). The most common primary tumor locations were pancreas (N=25, 30.5%) and small bowel (N=27, 32.9%). The most commonly performed operations were right hepatectomy (N=29, 35.4%), bisegmentectomy (N=15, 18.3%), and segmentectomy (N=14, 17.1%). Median tumor number was 4 (IQR: 2–9), median Ki-67 was 5% (IQR: 2–10%), and median size of the largest liver metastasis was 4.5 (IQR: 2.8–7.7) cm. Twelve (21%) patients had tumor calcifications. Among patients with and without calcifications there were no differences in demographics, clinicopathologic characteristics, RFS (P=0.772) or OS (P=0.095). Arterial enhancement was hypoenhancing in 23 (45.1%), hyperenhancing in 10 (19.6%), and mixed in 18 (35.3%). Similarly, there were no differences between arterial enhancement groups in demographics, clinicopathologic characteristics, RFS (P=0.618) or OS (P=0.268). Conclusions: Radiographic characteristics on contrast-enhanced CT are not associated with the outcomes of patients undergoing resection of NELM. Future investigations should evaluate the prognostic impact of functional neuroendocrine imaging.
Fabrication of Anisotropic Silver Nanoplatelets on the Surface of TiO2 Fibers for Enhanced Photocatalysis of a Chemical Warfare Agent Simulant, Methyl Paraoxon

Among the world’s most deadly toxins are a class of organophosphates that are used as chemical warfare agents (CWAs). It is imperative to continue to develop novel means for mitigation and protecti...
Parent Support of Mexican-Descent High School Adolescents’ Science Education: A Culturally Grounded Framework:

The aim of this study was to use sociocultural perspectives to elaborate on Eccles’ parent socialization model and create a culturally grounded, multidimensional model of parent support among Mexic...
Infrared metasurfaces: metal and polymer stripe and fiber arrays

Metasurfaces having deep sub-wavelength infrared periodicities have been explored in the past for perfect absorbers [1], active photonic systems, etc. Typically, these metasurfaces exhibit absorption and scattering resonances when the polarization is perpendicular to the stripes, while when the polarization is parallel to the stripes, a broadband high reflectivity is achieved. Metamaterial Longwave Infrared (LWIR) stripe arrays are challenging to fabricate in large (~1” or large) formats, needed for advanced nano-manufacturing, because their sub-wavelength periodicities are too small for standard photolithography in some cases. We employ photolithography to pattern stripe arrays with large periodicities (>7 μm), in order to experimentally verify LWIR diffraction, which has not been generally explored as much as shorter wavelengths, due to challenges in measuring LWIR diffraction in the laboratory. We employ tunable LWIR and Short-wave Infrared SWIR lasers to verify the diffraction from sparser arrays. We pattern metamaterial LWIR arrays using advanced (non-standard) next-generation lithography equipment, and present experimental reflectivity and backwards scattering from these metamaterial LWIR arrays. We simulate, using critical coupling analytical models and the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) numerical algorithm, the reflectivity, scattering, absorption, and transmission of these metamaterial (Aluminum) arrays, and compare to the laser-based measurements. We also measure characteristics of single- and arrayed polymer (polyethylene) fibers, and contrast the results to those of Al stripes in the metasurface. Finally, we compare these measurements to those of a rectangular array of ~ 200 nm Al dots on glass, which showed that forward scattering cuts off for wavelength larger than periodicity, as expected from diffraction theory. Stripe-based metasurface arrays such as these may enable new active metasurfaces in the future, since electrical functionality is easily incorporated in the wire-like high-conductivity stripes extending across the metasurface. Analogous polymer fiber arrays may enable a new generation of smart textiles, if they are integrated with conductive metal fibers or themselves contain conductive additive particles (e.g., metal or carbon nanoparticles). In both cases, being LWIR metamaterials, these metal and polymer stripe and fiber arrays will allow unusual control of thermal functionality – another route, besides electrical, to ‘smart’ active metasurfaces and metamaterials.
Net positive soil water content following cover crops with no tillage in irrigated semi-arid cotton production

Abstract Conservation management practices such as no-tillage and cover cropping can reduce soil erosion, enhance soil biological activity, increase water capture and storage, and sequester C. Cover crops, however, utilize stored soil water during the winter months, and the water depletion is thought to have negative impacts on the subsequent cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop in semi-arid ecoregions where water resources are limited. The objective of this research was to quantify the long-term impacts of conservation tillage and cover crop use on volumetric water content of soil in an irrigated cotton production system. Soil water was measured in a long-term (established 1998) conservation system in Lamesa, TX and water dynamics during the 2015–2017 growing seasons are presented here. Volumetric water content was reduced by cover crops prior to their termination but was replenished by spring precipitation and deficit irrigation prior to planting cotton. A stepwise regression analysis was used to determine changes in soil water at depth. In each of the study years, soil water increased more with no-tillage following cover crop termination and decreased less during cotton growth than the conventionally tilled system. Cotton water use efficiency was not significantly different between treatments in any year. Results from this study challenge the concept that winter cover crops result in reduced in-season soil water in irrigated systems, a supposition that has limited adoption of conservation tillage and cover crop use on the Texas High Plains.
Contemporary Cardiovascular Imaging Advancements and Social Media

Social media (SoMe) as a means of knowledge dissemination has grown significantly in cardiovascular imaging in recent years. This media platform allows for a free exchange of ideas, the development of new communities, and the ability to disseminate advancements rapidly. While the social media platforms offer limitless potential, their public domain necessitates several important suggestions around best practices. In cardiovascular imaging, specific hashtags have emerged to encompass the major modalities to include #EchoFirst, #YesCCT, #WhyCMR, and #CVNuc. Cardiovascular imaging journals have established major presences in the social media space as an avenue to present novel, high-quality, peer-reviewed content to new audiences. This review paper aims to introduce basic concepts in social media and cardiovascular imaging while highlighting recent topics of high importance, influence, and attention in cardiovascular imaging to include the ISCHEMIA trial, COVID-19, structural imaging, and multimodality advances from throughout 2020.
A model for excess Johnson noise in superconducting transition-edge sensors

Transition-edge sensors (TESs) are two-dimensional superconducting films utilized as highly sensitive detectors of energy or power. These detectors are voltage biased in the superconducting-normal transition where the film resistance is both finite and a strong function of temperature. Unfortunately, the amount of electrical noise observed in TESs exceeds the predictions of existing noise theories. We describe a possible mechanism for the unexplained excess noise, which we term “mixed-down noise.” The source is Johnson noise, which is mixed down to low frequencies by Josephson oscillations in devices with a nonlinear current–voltage relationship. We derive an expression for the power spectral density of this noise and show that its predictions agree with measured data.
Left, right, Black, and White: how White college students talk about their inter- and intra- racial swiping preferences on Tinder

Previous studies reveal that Black women are the least likely to be selected or matched on dating/hookup apps, followed closely behind by Black men. Our study seeks to better understand how, when a...
Vinalhaven and North Haven

The great denuding agent scratched the north as well as the south sides of the hills—No bridging over of the hills by the glacier—Remarkable scratches at lower end of Liedbetter’s Island—Wished to convert his scratched wall into a statue holding a slab—Specimen of the Ice King’s work—The ledges like the mountains, steeper on their southern sides, and have north-south trends like the ponds, creeks and harbors—Cleavage lines of the granite—Slates of Vinalhaven highly altered—Embossed rocks—Their resemblance to windrows of hay in the farmer’s field—View of the Camden and Mount Desert Hills—East and west sides of the Hills denuded and scratched—Scratched walls in Vinalhaven—A creek a mile long with high walls on each side wholly gouged out of the granite rock—No local glacier on Vinalhaven in ancient times—Scratches immediately south of the trap hill on North Haven, at the Thoroughfare—A remarkable fissure in a granite ledge on Vinalhaven, thoroughly polished.
Frozen Scope and WCO: New Insights into the Structure of Russian Ditransitives

We present novel data on Russian ditransitives with two Quantificational objects, which parallel the relevant English facts (Larson 1990) whereby inverse scope disappears when the quantificational Dative precedes the quantificational Accusative within the VP. We argue that the Russian facts should not be analyzed in terms of Superiority, as in English (Bruening 2001). Furthermore, wider possibilities for overt QP displacement in Russian and the scope freezing that obtains in such contexts (Antonyuk-Yudina 2009), taken with the observed parallelism between the two languages in the relevant respects, allow us a new perspective on the scope freezing in ditransitives for both languages.
Who Immigrates? Theory and Evidence

Do immigrants differ from their source country and destination country native-born peers with respect to their personal characteristics and labor market performance? This chapter surveys recent theoretical work and empirical evidence that, since the late 1970s, examines how immigrants self-select with respect to partially unobservable characteristics such as innate ability or fully observable characteristics such as years of schooling. Specifically, this chapter examines how immigrants self-select in response to international differences in returns to skill and education, migrants’ cost constraints, and immigration policy, among other factors. This chapter also examines the literature on how immigrants assimilate in their destination societies, which indirectly has influenced discussions about the characteristics of those who immigrate. Unlike the last two chapters, which discussed the theoretical and empirical models separately, this chapter covers both the theoretical and empirical literatures.
Distributed application development: SDLC revisited

Abstract Proliferation of microcomputers and the advances in data communication technology have accelerated the trend towards the development of distributed computer systems. The design and development of applications in this environment present various oppurtunities and challenges. This paper examines the important phases of System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) to identify the changes required for application development in a distributed environment. Additional steps required in obtaining user requirements have been identified. The commonly used tools in logical system design have been modified, and some available CASE products are examined to judge the ease of implementing these modifications. Finally, issues related to the physical design have been discussed.
Methods to Obtain Training Videos for Fully Automated Application-Specific Classification

Personalization approaches seek to estimate user preferences in order to recommend content or social network connections, or to serve personalized advertisements to users. Such approaches are being increasingly adopted by organizations to build customized personalization applications. Leveraging the growing popularity of Web videos for such approaches necessitates the ability to classify Web videos into application-specific categories, since different applications are interested in different aspects of the user preferences. A key requirement of supervised classification models to address this is the availability of training videos labeled to the arbitrary application-specific categories. In order to address this requirement, we propose a completely automated framework to obtain training Web videos for arbitrary categories, which does not rely on any manual labeling of videos. This is achieved utilizing keywords to retrieve training videos, thereby simplifying the problem of obtaining training videos to the problem of selecting keywords to retrieve them. We show that there are two opposing objectives (proximity and diversity) that need to be considered while developing such keyword selection techniques. We propose two efficient approaches (linear combination of proximity and diversity and annealing-based alternating optimization) and study the tradeoffs between them, with respect to performance and the human input required to tune parameters of the approach. Through experiments over several sets of categories, we demonstrate the feasibility of the automated framework to select training videos for application-specific categorization. We also show that the proposed approaches lead to a substantial improvement in the performance of classification models, as compared with other automated methods.
Annealing effect on semi-crystalline materials in creep behavior

Three glass reinforced polymers of Nylon 66, PET and HT-Nylon with glass transitions of 58, 72, and 132°C are selected for checking the necessity of high temperature annealing and degree of its impact on creep strains. The improvement after annealing depends on the polymer type of whether it is fast or slow crystallizing at molding process and whether it has hydrogen bonded sheets. The physical property changes observed of these materials before and after annealing support the explanation of crystal reorganization through crystallization, free volume reduction through densification and crystal perfection through better chain packing. The prediction of long-term creep strains up to 10 years using time-temperature superposition technique has been the practice for last 13 years in our laboratory. The accuracy of the prediction are shown in confidence level of about 90%.
Vitamin D binding protein as a serum biomarker of Alzheimer's disease

Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), a multifunctional protein, has been found to be elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neurodegenerative disorder cases, implicating it in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the contribution of VDBP to AD has not been fully explored. We used a Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) approach to examine the relationship between serum VDBP levels and cognitive performance in a well characterized AD cohort, the Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium (TARCC). Instead of categorical diagnoses, we used a latent dementia phenotype (d), which has been validated in several prior studies using this dataset. We found that serum VDBP levels are significantly positively associated with d scores, which in turn are inversely related to cognitive performance. This suggests that d mediates the adverse effects of serum VDB on cognition and therefore that its effects are specifically dementing. d scores are also specifically related to default mode network (DMN) structure. VDBP acts as an amyloid-β (Aβ) scavenger, and Aβ deposition in the DMN is seen in the pre-clinical stages of AD. We speculate then that serum effects of VDBP are mediated through changes in DMN structure or function, most probably via Aβ. Aβ affects the DMN early in the course of AD. Therefore, raised serum VDBP levels may be a useful indicator of future dementia and/or dementia conversion. This might be confirmed through longitudinal analysis of TARCC data.
An approach to evaluating the therapeutic misconception

rt natural worry among bioethicists is that persons ., j| with severe neurological or psychiatric disorders i may be so desperate for a cure that they are par ticularly vulnerable to exploitation in high-risk research studies because they are under a therapeutic misconcep tion. Although Appelbaum and colleagues first described the therapeutic misconception over 25 years ago,1 the concept remains unsettled, and the difficulties of deter mining if research participants exhibit the therapeutic misconception has become increasingly apparent. Some authors have questioned the ubiquity and ethical impor tance of the therapeutic misconception2 and others have suggested a classification of phenomena related to the therapeutic misconception,3 while still others have expanded the categories of ethical concern.4 Two research teams have recently reported a high prevalence of the therapeutic misconception,5 but these teams acknowledge that there is a "lack of agreement in the conceptual literature; [researchers] have not defined or measured [the therapeutic misconception] in the same way";6 the therapeutic misconception has been "used by various authors to denote a number of related, but not always identical, concepts"; and "there is not yet a con sensus about how to operationalize therapeutic miscon ception."7 A recent workshop, apparently intended to develop a consensus definition, instead released "draft dimen sions" of the concept that demonstrate the continuing disagreements regarding it.8 The report proposes a defi nition that does not refer to anything "therapeutic." The proposed definition says that the therapeutic misconcep tion occurs when individuals fail to understand that the
Inequities in Student Achievement for Literacy: Metropolitan versus Rural Comparisons

This paper explores inequities in student achievement in literacy that emerge when data are interrogated from a metropolitan, regional and rural perspective. In this analysis, data are drawn from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and the Australian National Benchmark results for Years 3, 5 and 7 students. The results in relation to geographical location highlight significant differences in student performance.
Aberrant angiogenic characteristics of human brain arteriovenous malformation endothelial cells.

Objective: To identify and characterize the phenotypic and functional differences of endothelial cells derived from cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM), as compared with endothelial cells derived from a normal brain. Methods: Isolated AVM brain endothelial cells and control brain endothelial cells were evaluated immunohistochemically for expression of the endothelial cell markers von Willebrand factor and CD31, as well as angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor A, interleukin-8, and endothelin-1. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 were also evaluated using immunohistochemistry techniques. Functional assays evaluated cell proliferation, cytokine production, tubule formation, and cell migration using the modified Boyden chamber technique. Results: Endothelial cells derived from AVMs expressed high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A and significantly overexpressed the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (P < 0.05), as compared with control endothelial cells. In addition, comparison to control brain endothelial cells demonstrated that AVM brain endothelial cells proliferated faster, migrated more quickly, and produced aberrant tubule-like structures. Conclusion: Endothelial cells derived from cerebral AVMs are highly activated cells overexpressing proangiogenic growth factors and exhibiting abnormal functions consistent with highly activated endothelial cells.
On abelian difference sets

We review some existence and nonexistence results — new and old — on abelian difference sets. Recent surveys on difference sets can be found in Arasu (1990), Jungnickel (1992a, b), Pott (1995), Jungnickel and Schmidt (1997), and Davis and Jedwab (1996). Standard references for difference sets are Baumert (1971), Beth et al. (1998), and Lander (1983). This article presents a flavour of the subject, by discussing some selected topics.
The end of the end of ideology

The "end of ideology" was declared by social scientists in the aftermath of World War II. They argued that (a) ordinary citizens' political attitudes lack the kind of stability, consistency, and constraint that ideology requires; (b) ideological constructs such as liberalism and conservatism lack motivational potency and behavioral significance; (c) there are no major differences in content (or substance) between liberal and conservative points of view; and (d) there are few important differences in psychological processes (or styles) that underlie liberal versus conservative orientations. The end-of-ideologists were so influential that researchers ignored the topic of ideology for many years. However, current political realities, recent data from the American National Election Studies, and results from an emerging psychological paradigm provide strong grounds for returning to the study of ideology. Studies reveal that there are indeed meaningful political and psychological differences that covary with ideological self-placement. Situational variables--including system threat and mortality salience--and dispositional variables--including openness and conscientiousness--affect the degree to which an individual is drawn to liberal versus conservative leaders, parties, and opinions. A psychological analysis is also useful for understanding the political divide between "red states" and "blue states."
GOMaP: A matchless resolution to start the new millennium

The world's ocean floor, which is almost equal in area to two moons plus two Mars-sized planets, is one of the most poorly mapped terrestrial surfaces in our solar system (Figure 1) [Vogtand Tucholke, 1986]. We propose a multiyear international effort to map the entire ocean floor using hull-mounted or towed sidescan/swath bathymetric systems.The Global Ocean Mapping Project (GOMaP) would produce a seafloor backscatter image whose lowest spatial resolution, in the deep trenches, would be at least 100 m, comparable to that returned by the Magellan radar mission to Venus or Clementines optical imaging of Earths moon. GOMaP would simultaneously recover the bathymetry, a tight grid of water depths, as the second kind of ocean floor image but at slightly lower spatial resolution than the backscatter image. A GOMaP mission would collect numerous additional piggy-back data, from seismic reflection profiles of the subbottom to whale counts, at little extra cost.
Inferior vena cava filter penetration and anchor in the vertebral column.

### Learning Point for Clinicians Although inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are relatively safe, late complications of IVC filters may include filter migration, tilting, strut fracture, penetration and IVC filter thrombosis. When penetration occurs, although uncommon, filter struts can injure any adjacent structures including the vertebral column result in anchoring in any vertebral body causing back pain. A 32-year-old woman was admitted with a 1-day history of fever, chills and confusion. Her past medical history was remarkable for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Five years ago, she had a pulmonary embolism, was treated initially with coumadin, which was stopped …
Sources and influence of soarez' de arte rhetorics

(1957). Sources and influence of soarez' de arte rhetorics. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 257-265.