cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A simple procedure to analyze rear-surface internal quantum efficiency

Many crystalline-silicon solar cells have grids on both surfaces that allow spectral measurements with illumination of the rear surface. Rear-surface spectral response is very sensitive to the bulk diffusion length and the back-surface recombination velocity (L and S), and in many cases can provide information on these parameters that is not obtainable from analysis of front-surface spectral data. This paper reports a new procedure for analyzing rear-surface spectral data that uses a simple linear fit of rear-surface internal quantum efficiency versus photon absorption length. The paper describes the theoretical basis and limits of the procedure. The application of the procedure to solar cells with different back surfaces is also described.
Reactivity of Purified Proteins and Polysaccharides from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Delayed Skin Test and Cultured Lymphocyte Mitogenesis Assays

Hypersensitivity responses to two highly purified and well characterized mycobacterial proteins and a preparation of mycobacterial arabinogalactanarabinomannan were studied by using guinea pig skin tests and in vitro-cultured human lymphocyte mitogenesis stimulation assays. The purified proteins were found to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test reactions and to stimulate mitogenesis in cultured lymphocytes. The polysaccharide preparation was found to evoke delayed skin tests but not to stimulate cultured lymphocytes.
Modulation of agonistic behavior by the dual olfactory system in male mice

This study analyzed the effects of deafferentation of the main, vomeronasal or both olfactory systems on the agonistic behavior of male mice in response to unfamiliar male intruder mice. In every animal, regardless of the technique used, disruption of the vomeronasal system led to consistent reductions in agonistic behavior. All animals receiving bulbectomies, vomeronasal tract transections or a combined treatment of vomeronasal cuts and ZnSO4 nasal flush reliably suppressed agonistic responding toward the intruder. Animals treated with intranasal ZnSO4 alone or those receiving control procedures continued to respond to the intruders at rates similar to pretreatment. These results indicate that the vomeronasal system is directly involved in the perception of the male chemosignals modulating agonistic behavior and, therefore, is capable of modulating the male's response to these signals.
Risk Management and Risk Avoidance in Agency Decision Making

Despite decades of efforts to enhance the public's role in bureaucratic decision making, citizens still tend to have little influence on the decisions that public managers make. Solutions often focus on the processes or structures of participation, but such changes may be of limited effectiveness if the structure is only part of the problem. Although much research has argued the normative justification for including the public, noting that frameworks that do not encourage genuine participation may diminish rather than enhance public influence, there has been less focus on how participants’ divergent frames of reference may also diminish the influence of public input. This research explores this gap from a risk management perspective, suggesting that public managers tend to view risk as something to be managed, whereas citizens tend to view risk as best avoided.
3-D sound for virtual reality and multimedia

Technology and applications for the rendering of virtual acoustic spaces are reviewed. Chapter 1 deals with acoustics and psychoacoustics. Chapters 2 and 3 cover cues to spatial hearing and review psychoacoustic literature. Chapter 4 covers signal processing and systems overviews of 3-D sound systems. Chapter 5 covers applications to computer workstations, communication systems, aeronautics and space, and sonic arts. Chapter 6 lists resources. This TM is a reprint of the 1994 book from Academic Press.
A reinterpretation of phase velocity data based on the gnome travel time curves

Significant lateral variations in upper mantle velocities across the western U. S. were observed in the GNOME experiment. This makes necessary a reinterpretation of crustal thickness measurements made with the assumption that velocities in the various layers of the crust remain constant while their thickness changes. Four examples of the work of Ewing and Press have been reinterpreted. The crust is thinner (30 km) in the Basin and Range Province and thicker (55 km) under the Rocky Mountains than indicated by previous interpretations.
Updating the Code of Federal Regulations Using FDsys

This paper is a step-by-step process of updating the Code of Federal Regulations using FDsys (the Government Printing Office's Federal Digital System).
Improved survival after heart transplant for failed Fontan patients with preserved ventricular function.

Background Patients with a failing Fontan continue to have decreased survival after heart transplant (HT), particularly those with preserved ventricular function (PVF) compared with impaired ventricular function (IVF). In this study we evaluated the effect of institutional changes on post-HT outcomes. Methods Data were retrospectively collected for all Fontan patients who underwent HT. Mode of failure was defined by the last echocardiogram before HT, with mild or no dysfunction considered PVF and moderate or severe considered IVF. Outcomes were compared between early era (EE, 1995 to 2008) and current era (CE, 2009 to 2014). Management changes in the CE included volume load reduction with aortopulmonary collateral (APC) embolization, advanced cardiothoracic imaging, higher goal donor/recipient weight ratio and aggressive monitoring for post-HT vasoplegia. Results A total of 47 patients were included: 27 in the EE (13 PVF, 14 IVF) and 20 in the CE (12 PVF, 8 IVF). Groups were similar pre-HT, except for more PLE in PVF patients. More patients underwent APC embolization in the CE (80% vs 28%, p p = 0.05) but not the CE (42% vs 75%, p = 0.20). Overall, 1-year survival improved in the CE (90%) from the EE (63%) ( p = 0.05), mainly due to increased survival for PVF (82 vs 38%, p = 0.04). Conclusions Post-HT survival for failing Fontan patients has improved, particularly for PVF. In the CE, our Fontan patients had a 1-year post-HT survival similar to other indications.
The Trouble with All-or-Nothing Settlements

When defendants settle litigation involving multiple plaintiffs, they often insist that they will settle only if they obtain releases from all or nearly all of the plaintiffs in the group. Judges, lawyers, and academics largely accept the drive for comprehensive settlements as a given, and many embrace such settlements as a positive goal. All-or-nothing settlements, however, create uncommon pressures and opportunities for abuse. Exploring a number of recent mass settlements that have led to disciplinary proceedings, civil litigation, and criminal prosecutions, this article shows the pressures and opportunities that arise out of defendants' insistence on bringing all claimants into a deal. The article describes seven types of ethical problems created by demands for fully inclusive settlements. First, all-or-nothing settlements create client-client and lawyer-client conflicts of interest. Second, such settlements exacerbate problems concerning the allocation of settlement funds, including incentives to misallocate. Third, they create a risk of strategic hold-outs as savvy clients may attempt to extort additional money by withholding consent. Fourth, they create an incentive for lawyers to keep settlement money in reserve as a slush fund to ensure full participation, leading to problems of misallocation and client deception. Fifth, they generate loyalty problems by pressuring lawyers to withdraw from representing non-settling clients. Sixth, they create special problems concerning clients’ informed consent to aggregate settlements. And seventh, they introduce a risk of collusion as the interest of plaintiffs’ counsel aligns with the defendant’s interest in getting every plaintiff to sign on to the deal. Although all-or-nothing settlements provide peace for defendants and value for claimants, the troubles they engender suggest that the current love affair with comprehensive settlements - evident in academic writings, judicial pronouncements, and defendant demands - should be tempered by a realistic appreciation of the ethical downside.
Is Blood Pressure An Important Variable in Research on Aging and Neuropsychological Test Performance

Regression analyses using Blood Pressure, Age, and the multiplicative effect of Blood Pressure and Age as predictors of performance (on selected tests from the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery) were done. Three hypotheses were tested with subjects ranging in age from 20 to 72 years of age: (1) blood pressure values predict neuropsychological test performance over a wide range of hypertensive and normotensive blood pressure values; (2) blood pressure predicts performance within the narrower range of normal and borderline values; (3) blood pressure X age interactions, when observed over this age and education range, are such that negative blood pressure effects on performance are larger for younger than older subjects. Regression analyses confirmed each of these hypotheses and indicated that strength of prediction was not reduced when participants free from hypertension-related complications and medication were tested. Blood pressure X age interactions were seen for Trailmaking-B Test and the Tactile Performance Test-Localization for the primary sample. However, only Blood Pressure main effects were observed for the Average Impairment Rating, the Categories Test, TPT-Memory and TPT-Localization when age, sex, and education were controlled. Implications of these findings for the role of blood pressure in aging research and for longitudinal studies with subjects free from the need for treatment with antihypertensive medications are discussed.
A molecular dynamics evaluation of the effect of dopant addition on grain boundary diffusion in tin: Implication for whisker growth

Abstract Addition of lead dopant has been known to be an effective way of mitigating whisker growth in tin. However, the toxic nature of lead has necessitated a search for alternative dopant species. Recent investigations have indicated that indium can be an effective agent in reducing whisker growth. In an effort to investigate if reduction in diffusivity of tin atoms near grain boundaries in presence of dopant atoms is the underlying mechanism that causes reduced whisker growth, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to model tin grain boundaries with lead and indium dopants. We simulated pure tin grain boundary as well as grain boundaries with 4% dopants by mole fraction. Our results indicate that the dopant atoms segregate near the grain boundary and forms clusters, which in turn leads to reduced diffusivity of tin atoms by up to a factor of three. Since such reduction in diffusivity alone cannot reduce whisker growth by several orders of magnitude, we conclude that other mechanisms might play a more dominant role in mitigating tin whisker growth.
Potentiation of the Startle Reflex as a Behavioral Measure of Anxiety

Potentiation of the startle reflex has been widely employed as a translational model of anxiety disorders in rats, nonhuman primates, and humans, but so far little work has been done to establish this as a reliable measure in mice. Because mouse models offer great advantages when studying the genetic basis of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, further development of mouse potentiated-startle is warranted. Here, we review various startle-based paradigms that can be used to assess anxiety behavior in rats and their translation to the study of human anxiety disorders. We also recommend behavioral parameters and directions for future research that will be necessary for the widespread adoption of these procedures in mice. Increased use of fear-potentiated startle in mice should be encouraged, so that the full potential of this translation model can be tapped to explore the genetic bases of both healthy and pathological fear states.
Forensic Evaluators' Self-Reported Engagement in Culturally Competent Practices

ABSTRACTCultural competence is a rising concern within the sub-specialty of forensic evaluation and will grow in need as the population diversifies. We surveyed 100 forensic evaluators to explore issues related to cultural competence. Overall, evaluators differed demographically from those they evaluate. Self-reported culturally competent practices varied, suggesting that evaluators do not always uphold practice guidelines. Evaluators' training variety was associated with an increased likelihood to address communication difficulties with evaluatees. Evaluators who saw more racially and linguistically diverse evaluatees were more likely to participate in culturally sensitive case formulation practices. We conclude with implications for practice at the individual and institutional levels and directions for research.
Physician Burnout and Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Framework for Action.

BACKGROUND:Physician burnout in the United States has reached epidemic proportions and is rising rapidly, although burnout in other occupations is stable. Its negative impact is far reaching and includes harm to the burned-out physician, as well as patients, coworkers, family members, close friends,
Opening the Illustrated Incunable Short Title Catalog on CD-ROM: an end-user’s approach to an essential database

The Illustrated Incunable Short Title Catalog on CD-ROM (IISTC), now in its second edition, provides an unrivaled wealth of information on fifteenth-century printing and, as a computer database, allows for rapid searching that would not be possible with printed reference works. However, the database's search interface suffers from numerous problems, as Paul Needham described in a thorough review essay. This article presents a solution to those problems that can be implemented by the end user, and also shows what kind of useful information can be obtained from the IISTC by doing so. The solution entails exporting all records to a very large text file, analyzing the file with scripts written in Perl, importing the information into a full-featured database application, and conducting queries with the database application's more robust and better documented interface. With the IISTC data directly accessible, the database fields can be manipulated to implement features missing in the original IISTC, including separate fields for each part of the imprint data and a count of recorded copies. Query-generated output demonstrated here include a table of incunables with the highest number of copies recorded in the IISTC; printers of Ulm, the number of their signed editions, and their dates; and the number of signed editions printed each year through the end of the fifteenth century. Sample scripts for recreating the results described here, as well as instructions for implementing them and a discussion of points to consider when doing so, are found in the appendices.
Behavioral Assessment Technology for Pharmacotherapy in Developmental Disabilities

The burgeoning field of behavioral assessment in behavioral medicine and in developmental disabilities requires that, for a meaningful discussion within a brief chapter, the topic must be restricted even further. We have chosen behavioral assessment of pharmacotherapy with persons who have developmental disabilities because it is currently a very visible and controversial topic, with a rich research literature. The plan of this paper is to review the necessary behavioral and pharmacological issues that need to be considered when evaluating or conducting research in this area. It is not an exhaustive review. More complete treatment of our approach to behavioral assessment in mental retardation can be found in Rojahn and Schroeder (1983) and to behavioral pharmacotherapy with developmental disabilities in Schroeder, Lewis, and Lipton (1983). We will recommend several other current topical reviews as the various topics are treated. Five textbooks are recommended: Gadow and Poling (1988), Gadow (1986), Gualtieri, Schroeder, & Keppel (1987); Hersen (1986), and Werry (1978).
Concussion Knowledge and Reporting Behavior Differences Between High School Athletes at Urban and Suburban High Schools.

BACKGROUND We determined differences in knowledge of concussion and reporting behaviors of high school athletes attending urban and suburban high schools, and whether a relationship exists between underreporting and access to an athletic trainer in urban schools. METHODS High school athletes (N = 715) from 14 high schools completed a validated knowledge of concussion survey consisting of 83 questions. The independent variable was school type (urban/suburban). We examined the proportion of athletes who correctly identified signs and symptoms of concussion, knowledge of concussion and reasons why high school athletes would not disclose a potential concussive injury across school classification. Data were analyzed using descriptive, non-parametric, and inferential statistics. RESULTS Athletes attending urban schools have less concussion knowledge than athletes attending suburban schools (p < .01). Athletes attending urban schools without an athletic trainer have less knowledge than urban athletes at schools with an athletic trainer (p < .01) There was no significant relationship between reporting percentage and school type (p = .73); however, significant relationships exist between AT access at urban schools and 10 reasons for not reporting. CONCLUSION Concussion education efforts cannot be homogeneous in all communities. Education interventions must reflect the needs of each community.
Outcomes of Laparoscopic Hiatal Hernia Repair in Nine Bariatric Patients with Prior Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) may exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients with a hiatal hernia (HH). Surgical repair may be needed, however prior LSG precludes standard HH repair with fundoplication. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with bariatric patients with prior LSG undergoing laparoscopic HH repair from August 2010 to July 2016. Patient demographics and outcomes including mortality, length of stay (LOS), readmission rates, reoperation, and complications were described. A validated 13-point questionnaire was used to determine symptomatic relief, weight loss, and overall satisfaction. A total of nine consecutive patients with prior LSG underwent HH repair and were included in the analysis. Repair was performed using Bio-A Gore® mesh (W.L Gore Inc., Newark, DE) in six (66.7%) cases and posterior cruroplasty in three (33.3%) patients. Heartburn was significantly decreased at 1 year (1.4 ± 0.9 vs. 2.6 ± 0.9, p = 0.031), and 78% of patients reported some degree of symptomatic relief after HH repair. Laparoscopic HH repair offers a safe and feasible approach in the management of persistent GERD after LSG in well-selected bariatric patients. Larger prospective studies are warranted to investigate the effectiveness of HH repair in this population as 22% of our patients did not demonstrate postoperative symptomatic improvement.
Resilience analysis of modular controllable transformers

Modular controllable transformers (MCTs) are fractionally rated transformers that are smaller than conventional bulk power transformers and have power electronics interfaces that make them more flexible. Due to their modularity, MCTs can still provide transforming action (albeit at a lower MVA rating) even if an element fails, and they can be repaired or replaced much faster than conventional bulk power transformers. Their deployment can make the grid more resilient against severe physical or cyber events. The objective of this work is to model MCTs and assess the impact of incorporating them into the bulk electric grid. Simulations on a large-scale synthetic test case demonstrate that MCTs can significantly increase resiliency.
THE PRESENT STATUS OF PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT Photovoltaic technology has been improving extremely rapidly during the past decade. At this time photovoltaics is the energy source of choice for remote power requirements and for emergency power requirements even when grid power is available. With continuing improvements, it is expected that photovoltaics will become an utility option, initially for peaking power needs and later for intermediate and base-load needs. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art at the time of its preparation (January 1990) and projects the future for the technology. The latter is strictly the author's ideas and does not represent any official prognostication.
T CELL FACTORS IN THE REGULATION OF THE B CELL RESPONSE

Allogeneic culture supernatants contain a soluble factor that will replace T cells in the respone of Nude spleen cell suspensions to erythrocyte antigens. The presence of the factor increases the frequency of B cells that respond and the burst size of antibody-forming cells per responding unit. The addition of the factor can be delayed up to 48 hours after the addition of antigen and the same effect still be observed. These and other experiments suggest that the factor may be involved in maturation of the B cell rather than the initiation of the proliferation phase of the response.
Providing concept-oriented views for clinical data using a knowledge-based system: an evaluation.

Objective: Clinical information systems typically present patient data in chronologic order, organized by the source of the information (e.g., laboratory, radiology). This study evaluates the functionality and utility of a knowledge-based system that generates concept- oriented views (organized around clinical concepts such as disease or organ system) of clinical data. Design: The authors have developed a system that uses a knowledge base of interrelationships between medical concepts to infer relationships between data in electronic medical records. They use these inferences to produce summaries, or views, of the data that are relevant to a specific concept of interest. They evaluated the ability of the system to select relevant information, reduce information overload, and support physician information retrieval. Measurements: The sensitivity and specificity of the system for identifying relevant patient information were calculated. Effect on information overload was assessed by comparing the amount of information in each view with the amount of information in the entire record. Information retrieval accuracy and cost (time) were used to measure the effect of using concept- oriented views on the efficiency and effectiveness of retrievals. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of the system for identifying relevant clinical information were generally in the range of 70 to 80 percent. Concept-oriented views are effective in reducing the amount of information retrieved (over 80 percent reduction) and, compared with source- oriented views, are able to improve physician retrieval accuracy (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Computer-generated, concept-oriented views can be used to reduce clinician information overload and improve the accuracy of clinical data retrieval.
Aging Tests of Neutron-Shielding Materials for Transport of Storage Casks

Dry storage cask materials must withstand severe temperature conditions coming from conservative ambient assumptions and from envelope values of residual heat from spent fuels. TN International (TN...
Attached, Addicted, and Adrift: Understanding the Rural Opioid Crisis:

The United States has an opioid abuse problem. Addressing it remains an intractable challenge, particularly in rural areas. This article proposes that an attachment theoretical orientation helps co...
Tunable mechanical properties of graphene by clustered line pattern hydroxyl functionalization via molecular dynamics simulations

Abstract The effects of clustered line patterns of hydroxyl functionalization and percent surface coverage along the armchair and zigzag directions of the graphene lattice on the mechanical response of graphene sheets (GS) under tension loading, in zigzag and armchair directions, and under shear loading in the zigzag direction were studied. The initial, functionalization induced bending deformation, caused by clustered line pattern arrangements, led to strong elastic anisotropy of graphene with an increased linear compressibility in the direction perpendicular to the line patterns and increased stiffness in the direction parallel to the line patterns. The line pattern functionalized graphene acted similar to a nanoscale mechanical spring. It is shown that clustered line pattern functionalization along the zigzag direction can increase the stiffness of the GS along the zigzag direction and stretchability along the armchair direction without significantly stretching the carbon bonds and can enhance the toughness of the GS relative to random functionalization. It was also found that the Poisson's ratio can be tuned from positive to negative through line pattern arrangements, reaching a minimum of −0.287 at an –OH percentage of 75% for stretching along the zigzag direction, thus indicating auxetic behavior.
Political equality for women and the poor: Assessing the effects and limits of world society, 1975–2010:

Empirical tests of world society theory routinely analyze the effects of country-level linkages to international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) on countries’ policies and practices. Analysts...
Psychosocial Techniques Used in the Classroom to Captivate Non-Traditional Community College Students.

ABSTRACTIn the 21st century, classrooms within institutions of higher education are increasingly comprised of first-generation and non-traditional age adult students. These students are presented w...
Native American Land-Use Impacts on a Temperate Forested Ecosystem, West Central New York State

Land survey records (LSRs) describing forest species composition prior to extensive European American settlement are critical sources of information on past environmental controls of forest dynamic...
Safety and efficacy of alternate day fasting

Alternate day fasting (ADF) has gained considerable popularity as a weight loss intervention. A new study provides data showing that zero-calorie ADF (defined as 36-hour water fast alternating with 12-hour feast) is a safe and effective intervention to lower body weight and metabolic disease risk in participants who did not have obesity.
Atmosphere, Place, and Phenomenology: Depictions of London Place Settings in Three Writings by British-African Novelist Doris Lessing

In this chapter, I focus on a phenomenology of atmosphere as related to place. By “atmosphere,” I refer to a diffuse ineffability that regularly attaches itself to particular things, situations, spaces, and environments. By “place,” I refer to any environmental locus gathering experiences, actions, events, and meanings spatially and temporally. Following phenomenologies of place by Edward Casey (Getting Back into Place. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 2009) and Jeff Malpas (2018), I assume that place and place experience are an integral part of human life. “Place,” writes Casey (2009), “belongs to the very concept of existence. To be is to be bounded by place, limited by it […]. Place-being is part of an entity’s own-being.” In considering the lived relationship between atmosphere and place, I draw on three works by British-African novelist Doris Lessing (1919–2013), who regularly in her writing offers lucid accounts of place atmospheres in London, the city she emigrated to from Southern Rhodesia shortly after World War II. These three works are, first, Lessing’s novel, The Four-Gated City, which depicts the emigrant experience of a young Southern Rhodesian woman who arrives in battle-scarred London immediately after World War II (Lessing, D., The Four-Gated City. Bantam, New York, NY, 1969); second, Lessing’s In Pursuit of the English, a journalistic account of the author’s first year in London (Lessing, D., In Pursuit of the English. Popular Library, New York, NY, 1960); and, third, Lessing’s short story, “Dialogue,” one of her most encompassing depictions of the lived complexity of place atmospheres (Lessing, D., Stories. Knopf, New York, NY, 1978).
A new kinship typology and factors associated with receiving financial assistance in kinship care

Abstract Financial hardship is one of the most challenging issues faced by kinship foster care families. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) benefits and foster care payments are potential sources of financial assistance for kinship families. This study used wave 2 of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II (NSCAW II) to develop a new typology of kinship care based on financial mechanisms, including: (1) families that received TANF only (TANF only); (2) families that received foster care payments only (FC only); (3) families that received both TANF benefits and foster care payments (TANF + FC); and (4) families that received no payments (None). This study further divided the None group into two subgroups: None + Below Poverty and None + Above Poverty. To examine factors associated with receiving TANF and foster care payments, results from logistic regression analyses indicated that maltreatment type, children’s externalizing problems, married caregivers, and receiving social services were significantly associated with receiving foster care payments. Living below the federal poverty line and in a single-adult household were associated with receiving TANF benefits. Additionally, this study found that children of other race/ethnicity, such as Asian/ Pacific Islanders or Native American families, children’s internalizing problems, and employed caregivers were associated with lower odds of receiving foster care payments. Being a licensed foster caregiver was associated with lower odds of receiving TANF benefits. The results suggest that child welfare workers and policy makers should consider how to increase kinship caregivers’ awareness of financial resources and to make appropriate resources accessible for kinship caregivers.
Pittsburgh's 'Jock Tax' is on Thin Ice

Former and current professional athletes have filed suit against the city of Pittsburgh alleging its nonresident facility usage fee is a discriminatory, unconstitutional tax.
Intracranial hemorrhage type and same-admission mortality in patients with left ventricular assist devices.

Abstract Objectives Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) provide mechanical circulatory support for patients with advanced heart failure. Intracranial hemorrhage in this population represent a significant management challenge. The objective of this study is to report our initial experience on same-admission outcomes with LVAD patients that presented with various types of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Patients and Methods A retrospective review of a large volume center over a two-year period was performed. LVAD patients with ICH requiring a neurosurgical consultation were identified. Hemorrhage type, interventions, discharge disposition and cause of death were recorded. Results 27 LVAD patients with ICH received a neurosurgical consultation. The average INR at the time of ICH was 2.7 (1.0–8.8). Hemorrhage types seen were lobar (10/27, 37 %), SAH (5/27, 19 %), SDH (4/27, 15 %), cerebellar ICH (3/27, 11 %), multiple ICH (3/27, 11 %), and hemorrhagic conversion (2/27, 7 %). The overall mortality rate was 48.2 % (13/27), with the highest mortality being in those patients who had multiple ICH at the time of presentation (3/3, 100 %). The majority of patients with ICH (85.2 %) were non-operative. Lobar IPH was Conclusions Patients with a LVAD and ICH have a high rate of same-admission mortality (48 %). Hemorrhage location, intra-axial or extra-axial, resulted in patients being a risk for death secondary to either the hemorrhage itself or pump thrombosis, respectively.
Elastic execution of checkpointed MPI applications

MPI applications begin with a fixed number of rank and, by default, the rank remains constant throughout the application's lifetime. The developer can choose to increase the rank by dynamically spawning MPI processes. However doing this manually adds complexity to the MPI application. Making the MPI applications malleable \cite{b20} would allow HPC applications to have the same elasticity as that of cloud applications. We propose multiple approaches to change the rank of an MPI program agnostic to the modification of the user code. We use checkpointing as a tool to achieve mutability of rank by halting the execution and resuming the MPI program with a new state. In this paper, we focus on the scenario of increasing the rank of an MPI program using ExaMPI as the implementation for MPI.
The management of the poisoned patient using a novel emergency department-based resuscitation and critical care unit (ResCCU)

Abstract Objectives The Resuscitation & Critical Care Unit (ResCCU) is a novel ED-based ICU designed to provide early critical care services. This study sought to identify characteristics of poisoned patients treated in the ResCCU. Methods We conducted a retrospective, single-center case study of poisoned patients over the age of 18 years old over a 16-month period. Patient demographics, drug concentrations, and severity of illness scores were extracted from electronic medical records. Patients were divided into two groups, those who required short term ICU level care ( 24 h). Results A total of 58 ED visits with a tox-related illness were analyzed. There were 24 women (41%) and 34 men (59%). There were 42 patients (72%) who required short term ICU level care and 16 patients (28%) who required prolonged ICU care. In the short-term ICU group, 13 patients (31%) were discharged home directly from the ResCCU, 29 patients (69%) were sent to the inpatient floor, and 1 of the admitted floor patients expired. There were no patients admitted to the floor that required a step-up to the inpatient ICU. 56 patients (97%) were alive at post-admit day 7 and 28, and only 8 (14%) were re-admitted within 30 days. Conclusions Patients who were treated in the ED-based ICU for toxicology-related illnesses were frequently able to be either discharged home or admitted to a regular floor after their initial stabilization and treatment, and none that were sent to the floor required an ICU step-up.
Measuring feeding practices among early care and education teachers and examining relations with food insecurity.

Abstract Early care and education teachers' (ECETs) dietary and feeding behaviors have the potential to influence children's health outcomes. This study sought to: (1) gather data on the properties and performance of the CFQ and CFSQ in an ECET sample and compare properties to published parent samples and (2) examine relations between FI experiences by ECETs and reported feeding practices, and (3) examine relations between FI experiences by ECETs and reported feeding practices. ECETs completed 506 cross-sectional surveys. Mean patterns, ranges, and internal consistency values on the adapted instruments for ECETs were consistent with those published for parents. Significant mean differences between parents and ECETs on established scales using one-sample t-tests were prevalent with medium to large effect sizes despite small, relative differences. The majority of ECETs were authoritarian (35.6%), followed by indulgent (29.2%), authoritative (17.9%), and uninvolved (17.3%). T-tests indicated that ECETs who were currently food insecure were significantly higher than teachers who were currently food secure on scales of perceived responsibility, concern about child weight, restriction, pressure to eat, monitoring, demandingness, and responsiveness (all p
Reasons to attend college, academic success, and post-college plans

More than one third of college students in the US do not complete their college education. Through panel data methods and principal component regression analysis, this study examines the effect of ...
Dynamic Inefficiencies in Insurance Markets: Evidence from Long-Term Care Insurance

We examine whether unregulated, private insurance markets efficiently provide insurance against reclassification risk (the risk of becoming a bad risk and facing higher premiums). To do so, we examine the ex-post risk type of individuals who drop their long-term care insurance contracts relative to those who are continually insured. Consistent with dynamic inefficiencies, we find that individuals who drop coverage are of lower risk ex-post than individuals who were otherwise-equivalent at the time of purchase but who do not drop out of their contracts. These findings suggest that dynamic market failures in private insurance markets can preclude the efficient provision of insurance against reclassification risk.
Apparent Prevalence of Congenital Infections in Calves Born on a Single California Dairy Herd

The placenta in cattle prevents in utero transfer of maternal immunoglobulins and leukocytes to the fetus. The fetal immune system, on the other hand, can be exposed to pathogens that cross the placental barrier and mount an immune response to bovine leukosis virus (BLV), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) types 1 and 2, Neospora caninum (NC), Leptospira hardjo (LH), and Leptospira Pomona (LP). The objective of this study was to determine the apparent prevalence of congenital infections to common infectious pathogens in calves.
Subcellular Localization of the Dot/Icm Type IV Secretion Proteins

Legionella pneumophila is the causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, a fatal form of pneumonia in elderly and immunocompromised people. L. pneumophila replicates inside host cells by using a type IV secretion system (T4SS) encoded by the dot/icm genes. The L. pneumophila dot/icm genes are essential for intracellular multiplication of L. pneumophila. To determine the localization of the L. pneumophila T4SS apparatus, the authors initially investigated the distribution of one Dot protein, DotF. DotF, predicted to localize to the inner membrane by hydrophilicity analysis, has been shown to interact with secreted substrates via a bacterial two-hybrid screen. Quantitative analysis showed that more than 95% of cells had at least one focus of fluorescence at a pole. The majority of the cells showed bipolar DotF staining. The polar staining was specific to DotF because it was not apparent in a strain lacking the dotF gene. Agrobacterium tumefaciensVirB T4SS has been proposed to provide a selective advantage since this plant pathogen attaches to its host cell in a polar manner, thereby allowing intimate contact between the secretion system and the plant cell. Based on the observations, and the work on the A. tumefaciensVirB system, it is possible that polar localization is a conserved feature of all adapted type IV secretion systems. Alternatively, as in the case of adapted conjugation systems and IcsA, there may be a selective advantage or molecular requirement for the proteins to be localized to the bacterial pole.
Predicting Output from Computer Experiments

This chapter discusses techniques for predicting the output of a computer model based on training data. A naive view of this problem might regard it as being point estimation of a fixed population quantity. In contrast, prediction is the problem of providing a point guess of the realization of a random variable. The reason why prediction is the relevant methodology for the computer experiment application will be discussed in Section 3.2.
Regulatory electron transport pathways in cyclic photophosphorylation: reduction in C-550 and cytochrome b6 by ferrodoxin in the dark.

Recent work [l-4] has strengthened and extended in several important respects the concept that ferredoxin is the physiological catalyst of cyclic photophosphorylation in chloroplasts and that this type of phosphorylation is a source of ATP needed for COZ assimilation, protein synthesis and other energydependent reactions [S-IO]. As reviewed in [2,1 A 1, noncyclic photophosphorylation alone cannot fully meet the ATP requirements of CO, assimilation because of the marked excess of ATP over NADPH that is needed: Cq plants require 5 ATPand Cs plants require 3 ATP per 2 NADPH used in the assimilation of 1 COZ to the level of sugar phosphate (cf. [ 121). The recent findings pertaining to cyclic photophosphorylation in chloroplasts may be summarized as follows: (i) Cyclic photophosphorylation by chloroplasts proceeds optimally in the presence of air and is catalyzed by low concentrations of ferredoxin (10 PM), the same as those required for NADP’ reduction [ 1,2]; (ii) Pseudocyclic photophosphorylation, which depends on electron transport from photoreduced ferredoxin to oxygen [7], is of minor importance as a source of ATP in chloroplasts [ 1,4]; (iii) In the presence of NADP+, the ferredoxin-depen-
Autoimmune Hemolytic Disease and Cryoglobulinemia Associated with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia* Hematologic and Metabolic Studies

Abstract 1.1. Hematologic and metabolic studies were made before, during and after administration of ACTH in a case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia complicated by autoimmune hemolytic disease and cryoglobulinemia. 2.2. Reduction in the number of circulating lymphocytes, in the size of the peripheral lymph nodes and in the rate of red cell destruction was sustained for nine months following administration of 1,250 mg. of ACTH over a period of fifteen days. Response following a second series of injections of ACTH was less dramatic but was again well sustained. The possible mode of action of ACTH in this case is briefly discussed, with particular reference to effects on lymphoid tissue and on production or reactivity of autoantibody. 3.3. During ACTH therapy the expected loss of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium occurred. The quantitative exchange of these substances, however, was believed to have been influenced by the destruction of malignant tissue as well as by the other known metabolic effects of this hormone.
Prohormone convertases PC2 and PC3 in rat neutrophils and macrophages. Parallel changes with proenkephalin-derived peptides induced by LPS in vivo.

Prohormone- or proneuropeptide-converting enzymes PC2 and PC3 have been observed exclusively in nervous and endocrine tissues. In this work the presence of these enzymes in cells of the immune system was demonstrated. PC2 was detected in peripheral and liver-infiltrating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) but not in alveolar macrophages (AM) or spleen mononuclear cells (SMC). PC2 proteins corresponded to 75, 71 and 56 kDa forms. PC3 appeared in AM and SMC but not in PMN, and a 66 kDa protein was the only PC3 form detected. Proenkephalin-derived peptides (PENKp) were observed in PMN and AM, showing peptides of 35, 28, 21, 18 and 14 kDa in the former cells and a doublet of 35 and 32 kDa in the latter. PC2 proteins and PENKp decreased in liver PMN and peripheral PMN 90 min after intravenous (i.v.) infusion of LPS, suggesting an increased release. However, in vitro assays showed that the chemotactic peptide FMLP but not LPS increased the basal secretion of PC2 proteins and PENKp in PMN. These results indicate that PC2 proteins are released from PMN, together with PENKp, and suggest that LPS in vivo may act through an indirect mechanism. Low levels of PC3 and PENK were detected in the AM of rats treated for 90 min with SAL or LPS. However, a significant increase of PC3 and PENKp appeared 30 h after LPS infusion. These results show for the first time that PC2 and PC3 are differentially expressed in PMN and AM, respectively, which were paralleled by the presence of different post-translational products of PENK. In addition, the in vivo effect of LPS on PC2, PC3 and PENKp levels in PMN and AM resembles the effect of LPS on prohormone levels in endocrine tissues, suggesting that similar mechanisms may control the turnover of PENK in endocrine and in these immune cells.
Genetic testing and therapy: A pathway to progress and/or profit?

Examines the impact of genetic testing and therapy on health care in light of the development of the system in the USA since the turn of the twentieth century. Genetic testing and therapy have the potential to create a great advance in health care but also to become a business of multi‐billion dollar proportions. If present trends of investment and long‐range plans mature, health care will be adversely affected in terms of its distribution, access and economy. Developed and sold as commodities in a free‐market economy, genetic advances will economically stress health care and fail to meet the ethical and legal standards demanded by voluntary informed consent and counseling. Without abandonment of the marketplace approach to health care and thorough reform, many will find themselves excluded from the benefits and vulnerable to discrimination.
Elektronenstruktur konjugierter Sulfone SCF‐π‐Elektronenberechnungen mit expliziter Berücksichtigung der d‐Orbitale

Electronic Structure of Conjugated Sulfones SCF-π-Electron Calculations Explicitly Taking into Account d-Orbitals The model proposed by DE JONG and JANSSEN in order to treat the interaction between the sulfon group and adjacent π electron centers within the HUCKEL approximation is extended to the PPP method. Parameters are given which are consistent with those known for other substituents. Charge distributions and electronic spectra are calculated for some substituted phenylsulfones and styrylsulfones and compared with the corresponding experimental data (13C n.m.r. chemical shift and u.v. spectra, respectively).
The Poetics of Conversion in Early Modern English Literature: William Alabaster's lyric turn

In Colin Clouts Come Home Againe , Spenser's speaker catalogues those men of letters at Elizabeth's court who deserve greater fame, among them “ Alabaster thoroughly taught / In all this skill, though knowen yet to few” (400–1). William Alabaster's name is now known to fewer still, but his mutable religious identity – and the inventive language he uses to describe it – provides a useful beginning for a discussion of the early modern poetics of conversion. The story of this serial convert begins in 1567, when Alabaster was born into a branch of the staunchly Protestant Winthrop family of Hadleigh, Suffolk (a town that John Foxe proclaimed a “Universitie of the Learned” for its early, fervent embrace of the Reformation). He was sent to study divinity at Cambridge, and became a chaplain to the Earl of Essex on his 1596 mission to Cadiz. Shortly after his return from Spain, however, Alabaster announced his turn to Catholicism. He was imprisoned and interrogated in England, then escaped to the continent, where he spent a period of exile among the English Jesuits in Rome. Upon a brief return visit to England, he was again imprisoned for recusancy; in 1603, after a pardon from James I, he began a phase of anti-Jesuit Catholic loyalism in England and abroad. In 1610, however, his book of cabalistic exegesis, Apparatus in Revelationem Iesu Christi (Antwerp, 1607), caused him to be brought before the Inquisition, charged with heresy, and briefly imprisoned by Catholic authorities.
Beyond caring: The de-moralization of gender

(1987). Beyond Caring: The De-Moralization of Gender. Canadian Journal of Philosophy: Vol. 17, Supplementary Volume 13: Science, Moraility & Feminist Theory, pp. 87-110.
Finite temperature QCD with domain wall fermions

Domain wall fermions are a new lattice fermion formulation which preserves the full chiral symmetry of the continuum at finite lattice spacing, up to terms exponentially small in an extra parameter. We discuss the main features of the formulation and its application to study of QCD with two light fermions of equal mass. We also present numerical studies of the two flavor QCD thermodynamics with aT = 1/4.