cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based competencies for improving communication skills in graduate medical education: A review with suggestions for implementation

Communicating with patients is arguably the most common and important activity in medical practice, but this activity receives relatively little emphasis in graduate medical education. We propose 12 evidence-based communication competencies that program directors can adopt as a framework for teaching and evaluating residents’ communication skills. We review supporting evidence for these competencies and argue that communication should be treated like a procedural skill that must be taught and evaluated by observing real resident–patient interactions. We make practical suggestions for implementing these competencies by addressing three critical components of a competency-based approach to communication skills: patient safety, faculty development, and direct observation of residents. This approach to teaching and assessing communication skills provides a rationale for incorporating routine direct observation into graduate medical education programs and also for designing communication skills training that e...
Enhanced function in the good forelimb of hemi-parkinson rats: compensatory adaptation for contralateral postural instability?

ARTICLE I NFO In this paper we present two new assays of rat motor behavior which can be used to assess function linked to postural stability in each forelimb independently. Postural instability is a major deficit in Parkinson's disease that is resistant to levodopa therapy and contributes to the risk of falling. We applied both tests, one forelimb at a time, to normal rats as well as rats extensively depleted of dopamine by unilateral infusion of 6- hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, given in the medial forebrain bundle) to produce a hemi-parkinsonian syndrome. The 6-OHDA rats showed severe postural instability in the impaired forelimb, but unexpectedly showed enhanced function in the non-impaired forelimb. The data suggest that the intact hemisphere may undergo rapid reorganization subsequent to unilateral dopamine depletion, which allows for compensatory function of the "intact" limb. Measurements of amphetamine-induced striatal c-fos expression, as well as behavior results gathered when animals were under the influence of apomorphine or haloperidol, indicate that this potential reorganization may require non-dopaminergic neural plasticity. The relevance of these findings for unilateral rat models of neurological disease is discussed.
Genome-wide RNAi synthetic lethality profiling to identify genetic determinants of Enzastaurin response

B56 The genetic aberrations acquired during the development of tumors represent both the drivers of disease and the opportunities for tailored therapeutics in cancer. Patients with genes and pathways altered in specific tumor types may respond differently to targeted therapies; understanding these genetic determinants of drug sensitivity as early as possible in the discovery process can help to improve and accelerate decisions regarding clinical indications, patient stratification and combination studies. We used a cell-based druggable genome-wide (~7000 targets) siRNA screen to determine enhancers of drug response for Enzastuarin, a late stage clinical candidate undergoing trials in various cancers. Assay development, validation, high throughput screening, and follow-up studies were performed in four cell lines - Calu6 (lung), HCT116 (colon), U87MG (glio) and MCF7 (breast) - representing different tumor types and varied genetic backgrounds. A variety of integrative approaches were developed for robust hit selection and prioritization. Several interesting sensitizers have thus been identified that potentiate drug effect by synthetic lethal chemogenetic interactions. Followup work is underway to translate these findings into clinically useful biomarkers and targets for combination therapy. A few preliminary examples will be shown and discussed. This approach has significant translational potential and when successfully implemented, would provide a novel opportunity to tailor therapy and improve clinical success of targeted agents.
The Role of Perceived Religious Similarity in the Quality of Mother-child Relations in Later Life: Differences Within Families and Between Races:

Despite evidence of the importance of value similarity in predicting parentadult child relations, little attention has been given to the unique role of religious similarity. Using 1,407 dyads nested within 390 families, the authors examine whether religious similarity predicts the quality of mother-child relations in later life and whether the strength of this association differs by race. Consistent with the authors’ hypotheses, religious similarity was found to be an important factor in predicting both closeness and conflict, particularly in Black families. These findings suggest that it may be important to give greater attention to religion when studying patterns of interaction and support in the later years, especially among Black families.
Facile synthesis and platinum complexes of 4′,5,5′′-trisubstituted-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridines

The synthesis of trisubstituted 4′,5,5′′ terpyridines is described. The strategy begins with synthesis of 2-acetyl-5-bromopyridine (3) from 2,5-dibromopyridine, substitution of the bromine in 3 using a variety of metal-catalyzed reactions and then formation of the terpyridine using the Krohnke reaction. The complexes have been prepared by reaction of [Pt(PhCN)2Cl2] with the appropriate silver salt followed by addition of the terpyridyl ligand. The crystal structure of two complexes have been determined via X-ray diffraction and the MLCT (metal-to-ligand charge-transfer) emissions determined by UV/Vis spectroscopy.
Frequency selective surfaces with multiple arrays of loaded tripoles

A symmetrical structure consisting of two identical periodic arrays of loaded tripoles embedded in three dielectric slabs is studied. Three cosinusoidal modes are used in expanding the current on a reference tripole. This was found to give results close to those obtained with 15 cosinusoidal modes. Reflection coefficients for the horizontal plane are given for both the orthogonal and parallel polarizations for incident plane and polarization definitions. Similarly, transmission coefficients are given. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of dielectric slabs in the stabilization of resonant frequency and bandwidth. Constant passbands are obtained for both reflection and transmission, which will be useful in reflector designs. >
Increased Mortality of Gypsy Moth Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Exposed to Gypsy Moth Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus in Combination with the Phenolic Gycoside Salicin

Second instar gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), larvae suffered significantly greater mortality from aerially applied gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Gypchek) when the virus was consumed on quaking aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx., versus red oak, Quercus spp. L., foliage. Laboratory assays in which various doses of Gypchek and salicin (a phenolic glycoside present in aspen foliage) were tested in combination demonstrated that salicin significantly increased total larval mortality and lowered the LD50 estimates (dose of Gypchek that resulted in 50% population mortality) for the virus, although not significantly. While salicin did not impact larval survival in the absence of Gypcek, it did act to significantly deter feeding when it was present in high concentrations (up to 5.0%) within the treatment formulations. The enhanced activity of Gypchek in the presence of salicin is similar to prior reports of enhanced activity of the bacterial pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis when consumed concurrently with phenolic glycosides commonly present in aspen foliage. The enhancement of viral activity is in contrast to the inhibitory effects on the virus reported for another common group of phenolic compounds, tannins.
Bacterial colonization of chronic hemodialysis catheters: Evaluation with endoluminal brushes and heparin aspirate.

Tunneled catheters serve as interim access during maturation of a graft or fistula, or as a permanent vascular access in those patients who have exhausted their traditional access sites. However, b...
Spaced Retrieval Practice Increases College Students’ Short- and Long-Term Retention of Mathematics Knowledge

A major challenge college students face is retaining the knowledge they acquire in their classes, especially in cumulative disciplines such as engineering, where ultimate success depends on long-term retention of foundational content. Cognitive psychologists have recently recommended various techniques educators might use to increase retention. One technique (spaced retrieval practice) involves extending opportunities to retrieve course content beyond a customarily short temporal window following initial learning. Confirming the technique’s utility requires demonstrating that it increases retention in real classroom settings, with commonly encountered educational content, and that gains endure into subsequent semesters. We manipulated spaced versus massed retrieval practice in a precalculus course for engineering students and followed a subset of students who proceeded into a calculus class the following semester. Spacing versus massing was manipulated within- and between-subjects. Within-subjects, students retained spaced content better than massed content in the precalculus course. Between-subjects, students for whom some retrieval practice was spaced, compared to those for whom all practice was massed, performed better on the final exam in the precalculus class and on exams in the calculus class. These findings suggest that spaced retrieval practice can have a meaningful, long-lasting impact on educational outcomes.
BIN1 Membrane Curvature Sensing and Generation Show Autoinhibition Regulated by Downstream Ligands and PI(4,5)P2

In striated muscles, invaginations from the plasma membrane, termed transverse tubules (T-tubule), function in the excitation-contraction coupling machinery. BIN1 (isoform8) plays a critical role in the biogenesis of T-tubules. BIN1 contains an N-terminal BAR domain to sense and induce membrane curvature, an isoform8-specific polybasic motif (exon10) as the phosphoinositide binding module and a C-terminal Src homology 3 (SH3) domain for the recruitment of downstream proteins such as dynamin 2. Previous studies of N-BAR domains focused on elucidating mechanisms of membrane curvature sensing and generation (MC-S&G). Less is known about how MC-S&G is regulated. We found that the SH3 domain binds to the exon10 motif more strongly compared to the proline-rich domain (PRD) of dynamin 2. Furthermore, we found that the MC-S&G ability of full-length BIN1 is inhibited on membranes lacking PI(4,5)P2. Addition of PI(4,5)P2 in the membrane activates BIN1 to sense and induce membrane curvature. Co-presence of the SH3 domain and exon10 motif leads to the strongest phosphoinositide-mediated control of BIN1 function. Addition of SH3 domain ligand (such as PRD peptides), as well as addition of the water-soluble PI(4,5)P2 analogue, can both enhance the MC-S&G ability of BIN1 on membranes without PI(4,5)P2, indicating that the key to activate BIN1 is to disrupt the exon10-SH3 interaction. The nonsense mutation K436X, found in centronuclear myopathy (CNM) patients, abolishes SH3 domain binding with either exon10 or the PRD motif, resulting in increased membrane deformation capacity. Our results suggest an autoinhibition model for BIN1 that involves a synergistic regulation by membrane composition and protein-protein interactions.
Effects of intravenous terbutaline on heart rate, arterial pressure and blood gases in anesthetized horses breathing air.

Abstract Objective To investigate the effects of intravenous (IV) administration of terbutaline on PaO2, PaCO2, pH, heart rate (HR) and arterial pressures in healthy, laterally recumbent horses breathing ambient air under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Study design Prospective experimental study. Animals Eight healthy adult horses were enrolled. Six horses, four mares and two geldings weighing 433-624 kg, completed the study. Methods Horses were sedated with xylazine (1.0 mg kg−1) IV for placement of arterial and venous catheters. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam (0.1 mg kg−1) and ketamine (2.2 mg kg−1) IV and maintained with an IV infusion of guaifenesin (50 mg mL−1), ketamine (2 mg mL−1) and xylazine (0.5 mg mL−1) at 1.9 ± 0.3 mL kg−1 hour−1. Horses were in left lateral recumbency and breathed air spontaneously. Arterial blood was collected for pH and blood gas analysis during xylazine sedation, 15 minutes after induction of anesthesia, immediately before and 5, 15 and 30 minutes after administration of terbutaline (2 μg kg−1), and when the horse was standing after recovery from anesthesia. HR, systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressures were recorded at 5 minute intervals during anesthesia. Normal data were analyzed with anova and non-normal data were analyzed with a Friedman test with a p Results The mean PaO2 decreased from baseline to Conclusions and clinical relevance Terbutaline (2 μg kg−1) IV did not improve PaO2 and was associated with adverse cardiovascular effects during TIVA in healthy, laterally recumbent horses breathing air.
Legal Equality, Gay Numbers and the (After?)Math of Eugenics

In recent decades, a legal equality or “rights” politics that focuses on same-sex marriage, anti-discrimination laws, hate crime laws, and military service has become the most visible and resourced politics opposing heterosexism. To achieve these ends, advocates of the legal equality agenda have increasingly produced statistical data to support their arguments for legal equality. Gay numbers have proliferated. Demographers and policy reformers have produced reports that provide empirical support for the agenda of same-sex marriage recognition and military inclusion and that aim to describe gay and lesbian or sometimes LGBT populations. In this article, Rori Rolfs and Dean Spade examine how this statistical knowledge about LGBT populations is being produced by legal equality advocates and observe how critiques of legal equality strategies might apply to critiques of the project of counting LGBT populations. The authors examine the history of the development of statistical methods by eugenicists and note how racial national norms guide the production of statistical data in gay legal equality advocacy.
Mathematical formulation and demonstration of a dynamic system-level ship thermal management tool

Abstract This paper presents the mathematical formulation and unique capability of a system-level ship thermal management tool, vemESRDC, developed to provide quick ship thermal responses in early design stages. The physical model combines principles of classical thermodynamics and heat transfer, along with appropriate empirical correlations to simplify the model and expedite the computations. As a result, the tool is capable of simulating dynamic thermal response of an entire ship, characterized by intricate thermal interactions within a complex ship structure, within an acceptable time frame. In this work, vemESRDC is demonstrated through three case studies in which transient thermal responses of an all-electric ship to different ship operation modes, weather conditions, and partial loss of cooling are investigated. The analysis examines particularly the following: (1) the required cooling capacities to maintain each ship component within its design limit; (2) equipment temperature variations with respect to partial cooling loss in battle mode; and (3) the assets of installing seawater heat exchangers to pre-cool deionized freshwater before chillers. For the notional all-electric ship conceived and assessed in this work, the results verify the capability of vemESRDC to capture dynamic thermal interactions between shipboard equipment and their respective surroundings and cooling systems, e.g., the tool provides practical insights into pulse load cooling strategy, and different solutions are obtained for distinct weather conditions. In addition to the case studies performed in this work, vemESRDC can be employed to conduct diverse studies based on which concrete ship thermal management strategies can be formulated in early design stages.
Active and passive tobacco exposure: A serious pediatric health problem: A statement from the Committee on Atherosclerosis and Hypertension in Children, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association

This review defines the substantial pediatric morbidity from tobacco use, including health effects on the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the fetus and newborn, and risk-taking behaviors of adolescents. More recent research suggests effects may extend to other areas, including reports that cigarette smoking decreases breast milk production in mothers, byproducts of tobacco use are transmitted in breast milk, exposure to passive smoking may alter children's intelligence and behavior, and passive smoke exposure in childhood may be a risk factor for developing lung cancer as an adult. Primary prevention is the most effective strategy to decrease the prevalence of smoking. Those who never smoke never become addicted to nicotine and never have to quit. Secondary prevention must also be emphasized, because children whose parents smoke are exposed to health risks and are themselves more likely to smoke in the future. Parental health can be improved by smoking cessation. To accomplish the goals of primary and secondary prevention, the aggressive public health strategy directed at both parents and children should be expanded. This strategy requires the strong support of physicians, with emphasis on prevention in practice, support of public health initiatives, medical and public policy, and the conduct of high-quality research.
Method and system for determining optimal wafer sampling in real-time inline monitoring and experimental design

This paper describes a method and system based on weighted objectives to determine optimal wafer sampling for maximum coverage of the various process scenarios combined with coverage of each treatment of a designed experiment. It also uses a scalable technique to ensure global optimization instead of local optimization.
Callous-unemotional traits and moral disengagement as antecedents to the peer influence effect: moderation or mediation?

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether callous-unemotional (CU) traits and moral disengagement (MD) serve as antecedents to the peer influence effect. There were two hypotheses tested in this study: (1) Moral disengagement will moderate the effect of CU traits on peer influence, and (2) Moral disengagement will mediate the effect of CU traits on peer influence. These two hypotheses were tested in a sample of 1354 male and female delinquents from the Pathways to Desistance study, using four waves of data, with six months between waves. Contrary to Hypothesis 1, regression and path analyses failed to support a moderating effect for moral disengagement with respect to the CU → peer influence or CU → peer/participant delinquency relationships. Consistent with Hypothesis 2, however, path analysis revealed that moral disengagement successfully mediated the CU → peer influence relationship. In further support of Hypothesis 2, a control pathway running from CU to moral disengagement to peer se...
Abstract: Firm-Level Technology Adoption Processes—A Qualitative Investigation

The firm’s ability to develop innovative products has been shown to be an important factor in developing strategic advantage (Webster 1969; Hult and Ketchen 2001); however, not all firms have the resources or capabilities to innovate new products. Thus, to remain competitive, firms must adopt innovations from sources external to the firm—often in the form of technological innovations. To gain competitive advantage, a firm may adopt “transformational” technology—technology that enables a fundamental change to the firm’s business model, a new value proposition or a new way to manufacture, distribute, and/or market an offering (Aaker 2011). However, not all technology adoption decisions are successful, which places firm performance and customer relationships at risk. Abrahamson (1991) argues that innovation research focuses too much on what drives adoption decisions and too little on what drives firms to adopt inferior innovations and reject superior ones. The tendency of researchers to “ignore the study of ignorance about innovations” (Rogers 1995; p. 100) has resulted in a significant gap in the adoption of innovation research. Using diffusion of innovation theory as a lens, this research examines how an adopting entity’s perceptions of an innovation’s relative advantage, complexity, and compatibility influence the decision to adopt the new technology (Rogers 1962; O’Neal et al. 1973; Davis 1989). Because unrealistic expectations for the performance of a technology can negatively influence attitudes and perceptions of adoption success (Oliver 1980), it is important to understand how the firm’s perceptions of a technology are informed.
The Chemotaxonomy of Common Sage (Salvia officinalis) Based on the Volatile Constituents

Background: Common sage (Salvia officinalis) is a popular culinary and medicinal herb. A literature survey has revealed that sage oils can vary widely in their chemical compositions. The purpose of this study was to examine sage essential oil from different sources/origins and to define the possible chemotypes of sage oil. Methods: Three different samples of sage leaf essential oil have been obtained and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. A hierarchical cluster analysis was carried out on 185 sage oil compositions reported in the literature as well as the three samples in this study. Results: The major components of the three sage oils were the oxygenated monoterpenoids α-thujone (17.2-27.4%), 1,8-cineole (11.9-26.9%), and camphor (12.8-21.4%). The cluster analysis revealed five major chemotypes of sage oil, with the most common being a α-thujone > camphor > 1,8-cineole chemotype, of which the three samples in this study belong. The other chemotypes are an α-humulene-rich chemotype, a β-thujone-rich chemotype, a 1,8-cineole/camphor chemotype, and a sclareol/α-thujone chemotype. Conclusions: Most sage oils belonged to the "typical", α-thujone > camphor > 1,8-cineole, chemotype, but the essential oil compositions do vary widely and may have a profound effect on flavor and fragrance profiles as well as biological activities. There are currently no studies correlating sage oil composition with fragrance descriptions or with biological activities.
Analysis and synthesis of distributed system throttlers

In this paper, we investigate the performance analysis and synthesis of distributed system throttlers (DST). A throttler is a mechanism that limits the flow rate of incoming metrics, e.g., byte per second, network bandwidth usage, capacity, traffic, etc. This can be used to protect a service's backend/clients from getting overloaded, or to reduce the effects of uncertainties in demand for shared services. We study performance deterioration of DSTs subject to demand uncertainty. We then consider network synthesis problems that aim to improve the performance of noisy DSTs via communication link modifications as well as server update cycle modifications.
Validity of the Remote Food Photography Method Against Doubly Labeled Water Among Minority Preschoolers.

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the validity of energy intake (EI) estimations made using the remote food photography method (RFPM) compared to the doubly labeled water (DLW) method in minority preschool children in a free-living environment. Methods Seven days of food intake and spot urine samples excluding first void collections for DLW analysis were obtained on thirty-nine 3- to 5-year-old Hispanic and African American children. Using an iPhone, caregivers captured before and after pictures of each child's intake, pictures were wirelessly transmitted to trained raters who estimated portion size using existing visual estimation procedures, and energy and macronutrients were calculated. Paired t tests, mean differences, and Bland-Altman limits of agreement were performed. Results The mean EI was 1,191 ± 256 kcal/d using the RFPM and 1,412 ± 220 kcal/d using the DLW method, resulting in a mean underestimate of 222 kcal/d (−15.6%; P < 0.0001) that was consistent regardless of intake. The RFPM underestimated EI by −28.5% in 34 children and overestimated EI by 15.6% in 5 children. Conclusions The RFPM underestimated total EI when compared to the DLW method among preschoolers. Further refinement of the RFPM is needed for assessing the EI of young children.
Social media analytics for natural disaster management

Social media analytics has become prominent in natural disaster management. In spite of a large variety of metadata fields in social media data, four dimensions i.e. space, time, content and network have been given particular attention for mining useful information to gain situational awareness and improve disaster response. In this article, we review how existing studies analyze these four dimensions, summarize common techniques for mining these dimensions, and then suggest some methods accordingly. We then propose a schema to categorize the gathered articles into 15 classes and facilitate the generation of data analysis tasks. We find that 1 a large part of studies involve multiple dimensions of social media data in their analyses, 2 there are both separate analyses for each dimension and simultaneous analyses for multiple dimensions and 3 there are fewer simultaneous analyses as dimensions increase. Finally, we suggest research opportunities and challenges in fusing social media data with authoritative datasets, i.e. census data and remote-sensing data.
The Trade-off Between Quantity and Quality of Information in Gender Responses to Advertising

Unlike females, males tend to process informational ads in a heuristic manner and form their judgments based on the mere number of product assertions presented in a message. Consistent with this pr...
Attachment security and social comparisons as predictors of Pinterest users’ body image concerns

Abstract Although prior research has established associations between the mass media-related glamorization of unrealistic standards of female beauty and women's body image concerns, theory-driven research on the impact of social media use on women's body image concerns is scarce (Perloff, 2014). The present study addressed this gap by testing a dispositional model linking adult attachment security and tendencies to engage in social comparisons to each of two indicators of body image concerns within a sample of college women who acknowledged being active and psychologically-identified users of Pinterest ©, a highly popular and image-rich social networking site. Results indicated that, controlling for participants' age, body mass, and Pinterest use identification, adult attachment orientations and social comparisons each made significant and incremental contributions to each indicator of body image concerns. Further, women's social comparison levels partially mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and body satisfaction. Implications of these findings to continued study of social media influences on body dissatisfaction are discussed.
Temporal framing and the hidden-zero effect: rate-dependent outcomes on delay discounting.

Recent research suggests that presenting time intervals as units (e.g., days) or as specific dates, can modulate the degree to which humans discount delayed outcomes. Another framing effect involves explicitly stating that choosing a smaller-sooner reward is mutually exclusive to receiving a larger-later reward, thus presenting choices as an extended sequence. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 201) recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk completed the Monetary Choice Questionnaire in a 2 (delay framing) by 2 (zero framing) design. Regression suggested a main effect of delay, but not zero, framing after accounting for other demographic variables and manipulations. We observed a rate-dependent effect for the date-framing group, such that those with initially steep discounting exhibited greater sensitivity to the manipulation than those with initially shallow discounting. Subsequent analyses suggest these effects cannot be explained by regression to the mean. Experiment 2 addressed the possibility that the null effect of zero framing was due to within-subject exposure to the hidden- and explicit-zero conditions. A new Amazon Mechanical Turk sample completed the Monetary Choice Questionnaire in either hidden- or explicit-zero formats. Analyses revealed a main effect of reward magnitude, but not zero framing, suggesting potential limitations to the generality of the hidden-zero effect.
Surgical Management of Intra-Hepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) arises from the biliary epithelium of secondary bile ducts or beyond. Many patients present with advanced, often unresectable disease due to vague or absent symptoms. Staging is based on tumor number, vascular invasion, extra-hepatic spread, lymph node involvement, and distant metastatic disease. When feasible, complete surgical resection offers the best hope of long-term survival, and may be approached via open or minimally invasive techniques depending on tumor location and surgeon expertise. Extended hepatic resection, vascular resection, and/or biliary-enteric reconstruction may be required for complete tumor resection. Mortality rates in most modern surgical series are 1–5 %. Five-year overall survival following resection ranges from 17 to 44 %. The role of liver transplant is limited to select centers with clinical trials including rigorous neoadjuvant therapy. The role of adjuvant therapy is still being explored as newer, potentially more effective systemic agents are developed.
Functional and geographic components of risk for climate sensitive vertebrates in the Pacific Northwest, USA

Abstract Rarity and life history traits inform multiple dimensions of intrinsic risk to climate and environmental change and can help systematically identify at-risk species. We quantified relative geographic rarity (area of occupancy), climate niche breadth, and life history traits for 114 freshwater fishes, amphibians, and reptiles in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Our approach leveraged presence-only, publicly available data and traits-based inference to evaluate area of occupancy, climate sensitivity (i.e., climate niche breadth), and a Rarity and Climate Sensitivity (RCS) index of all species across multiple geographic extents, grain sizes, and data types. The RCS index was relatively stable across extents, grains, and data types, with climate sensitivity differentiating species with otherwise similar areas of occupancy. We also found that species with sensitivity-associated traits (e.g., long generation time, low fecundity) were not necessarily the same species identified as at-risk with geographical approaches (small range size, small climate niche breadth). Many multispecies assessments using coarse-scale data (e.g., entire range maps or convex-hull approaches) often focus on a single dimension of intrinsic risk; others rely on data-intensive models only applicable to a few well-studied species. What remains is a need for an approach that enables multispecies, multidimensional assessment efforts. This is particularly true at regional scales, where management needs require assessments that are intermediate to coarse- and fine-scale approaches. We demonstrate that by considering multiple dimensions of intrinsic risk to climate change (range size, climate sensitivity, and traits), site-specific locality data may offer a pathway for ensuring vulnerable, understudied species do not go overlooked in conservation.
Learning Program Evaluation by doing Program Evaluations: A mutualistic contribution to community agencies.

This article introduces the special issue, describing the setting for the overall project and providing an overview of the articles.In the eyes of many clinical psychology graduate students, Progra...
The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Ki67 in the Management of Non-Functioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background/aims The management of small, incidentally discovered nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PNETs) has been a matter of debate. Endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a tool used to identify and risk-stratify PNETs. This study investigates the concordance rate of Ki67 grading between EUS-FNA and surgical pathology specimens in NFPNETs and whether certain NF-PNET characteristics are associated with disease recurrence and disease-related death. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical history, imaging, endoscopic findings, and pathology records of 37 cases of NFPNETs that underwent pre-operative EUS-FNA and surgical resection at a single academic medical center. Results There was 73% concordance between Ki67 obtained from EUS-FNA cytology and surgical pathology specimens; concordance was the highest for low- and high-grade NF-PNETs. High-grade Ki67 NF-PNETs based on cytology (p=0.028) and histology (p=0.028) were associated with disease recurrence and disease-related death. Additionally, tumors with high-grade mitotic rate (p=0.005), tumor size >22.5 mm (p=0.104), and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.103) were more likely to have poor prognosis. Conclusion NF-PNETs with high-grade Ki67 on EUS-FNA have poor prognosis despite surgical resection. NF-PNETs with intermediate-grade Ki67 on EUS-FNA should be strongly considered for surgical resection. NF-PNETs with low-grade Ki67 on EUSFNA can be monitored without surgical intervention, up to tumor size 20 mm.
Designing Human-I-Cosmos (H)

The H is the foundation that, while often unseen, determines the strength and impact of a culture specification. That said, I wish to acknowledge that in some specifications, H may not need to be explicitly included. In this chapter, I discuss the key steps involved in (re)designing the H component.
A data mapping method for roadside LiDAR sensors

Three-dimensional Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) provides a new approach to sensing traffic environments. Currently, the spatial point clouds collected by roadside LiDAR can only be located in its own coordinate system instead of at their actual geography locations. Due to the fixed location of any roadside LiDAR sensor, a static object has the same laser-point coordinates in different LiDAR data frames. With the accurate Global Positioning System (GPS) data acquisition devices, it is possible to map points from a roadside LiDAR sensor onto their actual coordinates onto the Google Earth map. This paper presented an innovative algorithm that automatically converts roadside LiDAR data points in the Cartesian coordinate system to locations in the geodetic coordinate system in Google Earth. The developed algorithm needs at least four reference points with both known LiDAR coordinates and known actual geography coordinates. The process includes three major steps: 1) reference points matching, 2)transformation matrix calculation, and 3)LiDAR data coordinate system conversion. Besides that, the least squares method was used to solve the optimization problem when there were more reference points than four. The results of the case study showed that the method presented in this research can automatically map the point cloud collected by roadside LiDAR to the real-world geography locations.
Forensic Analysis of Cloud Virtual Environments

This paper outlined a process via which forensic analysis can be done with the Microsoft Azure cloud environment. Cloud benefits from a number of characteristics such as agility and virtual environment which do not benefit the forensic process once an incident takes place. The forensic process, which includes Identification, Preservation, Acquisition, Examination and Reporting is analyzed in this paper vis-a-vis Azure's capability to investigate an incident once an alert of incident is generated. Azure has tooling and capability in place that aims to reduce the need for an investigative process, i.e. prevent an incident from taking place, but the same tools are then used to aide the investigative process as those tools present the line defense against a rouge attacker, and once subverted, traces left in those tools can be used for forensics analysis.
Initiation of a Mentoring Program: Mentoring Invisible Nurse Faculty

Abstract Part-time clinical nursing instructors can be an important asset to student learning when qualified. However, they are often expected to begin teaching without an orientation, knowledge of teaching skills, and experience. Additional hurdles for novice faculty include unfamiliarity with the academic culture, college and nursing program policies, procedures, and syllabi. Orientation to the clinical faculty role and having a mentor has been shown to bridge the knowledge gap for the novice part-time clinical nursing faculty.
Corneal ulceration associated with dupilumab use in a patient with atopic dermatitis.

Abstract Purpose To describe a case of corneal ulceration associated with dupilumab use for atopic dermatitis. Observations A patient developed an inflammatory corneal ulcer 3 weeks after starting bi-weekly intravenous dupilumab therapy. Symptoms resolved with topical prednisolone and discontinuation of the systemic therapy with dupilumab. Conclusion and importance Dupilumab is known to cause ocular surface inflammation, but we report a novel association between dupilumab use and potentially sight-threatening corneal ulceration.
Spermidine is not an independent factor regulating limb muscle mass in mice following androgen deprivation

Maintaining a critical amount of skeletal muscle mass is linked to reduced morbidity and mortality. In males, testicular androgens regulate muscle mass with a loss of androgens being critical as it is associated with muscle atrophy. Atrophy of the limb muscles is particularly important, but the pathways by which androgens regulate limb muscle mass remain equivocal. We used microarray analysis to identify changes to genes involved with polyamine metabolism in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of castrated mice. Of the polyamines, the concentration of spermidine (SPD) was significantly reduced in the TA of castrated mice. To assess whether SPD was an independent factor by which androgens regulate limb muscle mass, we treated castrated mice with SPD for 8 weeks and compared them with sham operated mice. Though this treatment paradigm effectively restored SPD concentrations in the TA muscles of castrated mice, mass of the limb muscles (i.e., TA, gastrocnemius, plantaris, and soleus) were not increased to the levels observed in sham animals. Consistent with those findings, muscle force production was also not increased by SPD treatment. Overall, these data demonstrate for the first time that SPD is not an independent factor by which androgens regulate limb skeletal muscle mass. Novelty: Polyamines regulate growth in various cells/tissues. Spermidine concentrations are reduced in the limb skeletal muscle following androgen depletion. Restoring spermidine concentrations in the limb skeletal muscle does not increase limb muscle mass or force production.
Review of Shale Gas Sorption and Its Models

Shale is a self-sourced reservoir rock that contains tremendous natural gas resources. Shale incorporates unique gas storage mechanisms, and both free gas and adsorbed gas contribute significantly ...
Analysis of Microbial Water Contamination, Soil Microbial Community Structure, and Soil Respiration in a Collaborative First-Year Students as Scholars Program (SAS)

The persistence of college students in STEM majors after their first-year of college is approximately 50%, with underrepresented populations displaying even higher rates of departure. For many undergraduates, their first-year in college is defined by large class sizes, poor access to research faculty, and minimal standing in communities of scholars. Pepperdine University and Whittier College, funded by a National Science Foundation award to Improve Undergraduate Stem Education (NSF IUSE), partnered in the development of first-year classes specifically geared to improve student persistence in STEM and academic success. This Students as Scholars Program (SAS) engaged first-year undergraduates in scholarly efforts during their first semester in college with a careful approach to original research design and mentoring by both faculty and upperclassmen experienced in research. Courses began by introducing hypothesis formulation and experimental design partnered with the scientific focus of each course (ecological, biochemical, microbiological). Students split into research teams, explored the primary literature, designed research projects, and executed experiments over a 6-7 week period, collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data. Microbiology-specific projects included partnerships with local park managers to assess water quality and microbial coliform contamination at specified locations in a coastal watershed. In addition, students explored the impact of soil salinity on microbial community structure. Analysis of these samples included next-generation sequencing and microbiome compositional analysis via collaboration with students from an upper division microbiology course. This cross-course collaboration facilitated additional student mentoring opportunities between upperclassmen and first-year students. This approach provided first-year students an introduction to the analysis of complex data sets using bioinformatics and statistically reliable gas-exchange replicates. Assessment of the impact of this program revealed students to view the research as challenging, but confidence building as they take their first steps as biology majors. In addition, the direct mentorship of first-year students by upperclassmen and faculty was viewed positively by students. Ongoing assessments have revealed SAS participants to display a 15% increased persistence rate in STEM fields when compared to non-SAS biology majors.
Interprofessional Abortion Opposition: A National Survey and Qualitative Interviews with Abortion Training Program Directors at U.S. Teaching Hospitals

Context Hospital policies and culture affect abortion provision. The prevalence and nature of colleague opposition to abortion and how this opposition limits abortion care in U.S. teaching hospitals have not been investigated. Methods As part of a mixed-methods study, a nationwide survey of residency and site directors at 169 accredited obstetrics-gynecology training programs was conducted in 2015-2016, and 18 in-depth interviews with program directors were conducted in 2014 and 2017. The prevalence and nature of interprofessional opposition were examined using descriptive statistics, and regional differences were investigated using logistic regression. A modified grounded theoretical approach was used to analyze interview data. Results Among the 91% of survey respondents who reported that they or their colleagues had wanted or needed to provide abortions in the prior year, 69% faced opposition from colleagues. Most commonly, opposition came from nurses (58%), nursing administration (30%) and anesthesiologists (30%), manifesting as resistance to participating in or cooperating with procedures (51% and 38%, respectively). Fifty-nine percent of respondents had denied care to patients in the prior year because of colleagues' opposition. Respondents in the Midwest and South were more likely than those in the Northeast to deny abortion care to patients because of such opposition (odds ratios, 3.2 and 4.4, respectively). Interviews revealed how participants had to circumvent opposing colleagues, making abortion provision difficult and leading to delays in and, infrequently, denial of abortion care. Conclusions Interprofessional opposition to abortion is widespread in U.S. teaching hospitals. Interventions are needed that prioritize patients' needs while recognizing the challenges hospital colleagues face in their abortion participation decisions.
An explainable machine learning model to predict and elucidate the compressive behavior of high-performance concrete

Abstract Machine Learning (ML) has made significant progress in several fields, and materials science is no exception. ML models are popular in the materials science community, especially for predicting the compressive behavior of high-performance concrete. However, little attention has been given to enhancing the predictive capabilities and explainability of off-the-shelf ML models. Therefore, in this paper, we improve both the predictability and explainability of our ML model through pipelining, automated feature selection, cross-validated hyperparameter tuning, and a game theory approach to generate explainable insights that could lead to the development of materials with novel or substantially improved properties.
Introduction: What We Owe the Child

Parents and physicians do not always agree on how to care for a child. In such cases, the state may be asked to arbitrate. Alternatively, the state, for reasons of its own, may seek to restrict parental authority over matters pertaining to children’s health and safety. Much work in this area has focused on the primacy of the child in question. Other work has focused on the parent–child dyad. The needs of other stakeholders, and of the state itself, have received inadequate attention. Furthermore, the appropriate limits of state power have not been sufficiently interrogated. Much liberal democratic thought has pointed out the potential for abuse of government power, but much ethical literature has not seriously considered the impact of government intervention into private relationships. In this chapter I begin to outline the problems the book will consider. I try to show that there is no principled way to settle many controversies over parental decisions. My argument is based on the doctrines of value pluralism and liberal pluralism. However, society owes children the opportunity to flourish. The elements of flourishing should be determined empirically to the greatest extent possible, rather than by armchair speculation.
Mentoring as service-learning: The relationship between perceived peer support and outcomes for college women mentors

Abstract This study examined whether peer support was related to psychosocial outcomes for college women serving as youth mentors in the Young Women Leaders Program (YWLP), a service-learning mentoring program. The outcomes assessed were college students’ ethnocultural empathy and their sense of competence, relatedness, and autonomy. Data included questionnaires completed by YWLP mentors (YWLP; n = 227) and college women with (CS; n = 230) and without (no CS; n = 105) alternative community service involvement. Results showed that YWLP mentors’ level of perceived peer support was associated with stronger outcomes in autonomy as compared to the CS group and in ethnocultural empathy as compared to both comparison groups. These findings extend the literature on effective support for college service-learning participants.