cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Parental Support During Young Adulthood Why Does Assistance Decline With Age

Previous research has found that financial transfers from parents to young adult children decline as children age and that age is one of the strongest predictors of support. Using data collected from young adults (age 18-34 years) and their parents (age 40-60 years; N = 536 parent–child dyads), the authors explore the possibility that the relationship between age and financial support is mediated by offspring needs, acquisition of adult roles, or geographical and emotional closeness. The authors find that age-related declines in offspring’s needs help explain why financial support falls with age. However, offspring age remains a robust predictor of financial support after controlling for a wide range of factors, suggesting that age norms condition support from parents to offspring.
Tests for symmetry about an unknown value based on the empirical distribution function

A class of Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramer-von Mises type statistics for testing symmetry about an unknown value is described. These statistics are not distribution-free, however, and, indeed, are not readily amenable to calculation. A linear rank statistic analog of the first component of the Cramer-von Mises type statistic is investigated. Asymptotic non-null properties of these procedures in the normal case are studied, and an efficiency comparison of the Cramer-vonMises statistic, the linear rank statistic analog, the modified Wil-coxon statistic, and the likelihood ratio test is reported.
Cross Talk between NDR Kinase Pathways Coordinates Cytokinesis with Cell Separation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

NDR (nuclear Dbf-2-related) kinases constitute key regulatory nodes in signaling networks that control multiple biological processes such as growth, proliferation, mitotic exit, morphogenesis, and apoptosis. Two NDR pathways called the septation initiation network (SIN) and the morphogenesis Orb6 network (MOR) exist in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The SIN promotes cytokinesis, and the MOR drives cell separation at the end of cytokinesis and polarized growth during interphase. We showed previously that cross talk exists between these two pathways, with the SIN inhibiting the MOR during cytokinesis through phosphorylation of the MOR component Nak1 by the SIN Sid2 kinase. The reason for this inhibition remained uncertain. We show here that failure to inhibit MOR signaling during cytokinesis results in cell lysis at the site of septum formation. Time-lapse analysis revealed that MOR signaling during cytokinesis causes cells to prematurely initiate septum degradation/cell separation. The cell lysis phenotype is due to premature initiation of cell separation because it can be rescued by mutations in genes required for cell separation/septum degradation. We also shed further light on how the SIN inhibits the MOR. Sid2 phosphorylation of the MOR proteins Sog2 and Nak1 is required to prevent cell lysis during cytokinesis. Together, these results show that SIN inhibition of the MOR enforces proper temporal ordering of cytokinetic events.
Accelerated S-nitrosothiol breakdown by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mutant copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase

Mutations in copper,zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD) have been implicated in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS). We have investigated the breakdown of S-nitrosothiols by wild-type (WT) SOD and two common FALS mutants, alanine-4 valine (A4V) SOD and glycine-37 arginine (G37R) SOD. In the presence of glutathione, A4V SOD and G37R SOD catalyzed S-nitrosoglutathione breakdown three times more efficiently than WT SOD. Indeed, A4V SOD catabolized GSNO more efficiently than WT SOD throughout the physiological range of GSH concentrations. Moreover, a variety of additional S-nitrosothiols were catabolized more readily by A4V SOD than by WT SOD. Initial rate data for fully reduced WT SOD and A4V SOD, and data using ascorbic acid as the reductant, suggest that FALS mutations in SOD may influence the efficiency of reduction of the copper center by glutathione. We have identified a potentially toxic gain of function of two common FALS mutations that may contribute to neurodegeneration in FALS.
Detection and tracking of moving objects from a moving platform in presence of strong parallax

We present a novel approach to detect and track independently moving regions in a 3D scene observed by a moving camera in the presence of strong parallax. Detected moving pixels are classified into independently moving regions or parallax regions by analyzing two geometric constraints: the commonly used epipolar constraint, and the structure consistency constraint. The second constraint is implemented within a "plane+parallax" framework and represented by a bilinear relationship which relates the image points to their relative depths. This newly derived relationship is related to trilinear tensor, but can be enforced into more than three frames. It does not assume a constant reference plane in the scene and therefore eliminates the need for manual selection of reference plane. Then, a robust parallax filtering scheme is proposed to accumulate the geometric constraint errors within a sliding window and estimate a likelihood map for pixel classification. The likelihood map is integrated into our tracking framework based on the spatio-temporal joint probability data association filter (JPDAF). This tracking approach infers the trajectory and bounding box of the moving objects by searching the optimal path with maximum joint probability within a fixed size of buffer. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach on real video sequences where parallax effects are significant.
Rapid desiccation with heat in combination with water washing for reducing bacteria on beef carcass surfaces

Abstract A series of experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of rapid desiccation with dry heat at one or two points in the slaughter process to reduce bacterial contamination on beef carcass surfaces. In the first set of experiments, several combinations of desiccation and water washes were examined. Beef surfaces were inoculated with bovine feces and water washed (IW; 125 psi, 15 s, 35°C); desiccated (400°C, 15 s) before inoculation and subjected to a water wash (D15400°CIW); inoculated, water washed and desiccated for 30 s (IWD30400°C); or desiccated, inoculated, water washed, and desiccated for 30 s (D15400°CIW D30400°C). Samples treated with D15400°CIWD30400°Cexhibited the lowest populations of APC, coliforms, andEscherichia coli. WhenE. coliO157:H7,Salmonella typhimurium,Listeria innocuaandClostridium sporogeneswere inoculated on to beef surfaces (3.30, 2.61, 3.97, and 3.63 log8CFU/cm2, respectively) and monitored following treatments with D15400°CIWD30400°C, none of the organisms were detected. To minimize surface discoloration, an additional set of experiments were conducted using less heat (300°C) for shorter times. When desiccation (300°C) was conducted for 10, 12, or 15 s prior to fecal contamination and followed by a water wash (D10,12,15300°CIW), it was demonstrated that none of the treatments were significantly different from the others for reducing APC from shortplates; however, the 10 s treatment was preferred for its shorter time. When desiccation for 10 s was combined with water washing and a second desiccation step (300°C) for 15, 20, or 25 s (D8300°CIWD15,20,25300°C), populations of APC, coliforms, andE. coliwere reduced to the greatest extent when the second desiccation step was applied for 25 s. This study is the first to report that water washing in combination with rapid desiccation with dry heat at one or two points in the slaughter process is more effective than water washing alone for reducing bacterial contamination on beef surfaces.
Hardy space interpolation in the unit ball

Interpolating sequences for the spaces Hp(Bn), 1 <-p < ∞, n≥2, are studied. In contrast to the case n = 1, they are not the same for all p, but Varopoulos' necessary condition for H∞ interpolation turns out to be necessary for Hp interpolation, for any p≥ 1, and sufficient for the sequence to be a finite union of H1 interpolating sequences. Sufficient conditions are given for Hp interpolation, npn/(n-1), which are intermediary between Varopoulos' condition and Berndtsson's sufficient condition for H∞(Bn) interpolation.
After the resolution: sustaining the change.

As the New Year approaches, men are busy reflecting on the previous year’s goals and accomplishments. This reflection typically results in culturally based traditions of establishing New Year’s resolutions. These resolutions are our established goals and aspirations for ourselves during the New Year. Health-related resolutions are typically among the most common resolutions established. The New Year is well underway with a fourth of the year gone. How are you doing? How are your patients and clients doing with their resolved goals and aspirations? Remember, time spent planning is never time lost. A recommendation to ensure continual progression toward the achievement of your or your patient’s professional and/or personal New Year’s resolution requires a clear plan of action with definitive expected outcomes. Plans of personal behavior change should include a broad goal that identifies the expected state, that is, in respect to health-related goals, the expected outcome or result of the activities. Once a goal is established, it is best to divide the goal in to SMART objectives. These SMART objectives, once accomplished, ensure that you or your client is closer to establishing your goal. SMART objectives are Specific, Measurable, Action oriented, Relevant, and Time bound. These SMART objectives can then further be broken down into strategic actions that are quantified and time bound. Our progression into the second quarter of 2014 provides us with a time of formative reflection to get back on track with our New Year’s resolution, start a resolution, or if you have achieved your resolution, establish a change or extension in your plan. Clinicians are encouraged to take advantage of cultural traditions such as resolution setting to positively influence a client’s health-related behaviors. This can be done by having a discussion with a client about their New Year’s resolutions. These resolutions can be discussed within the context of the client’s current health status and the health care provider and the client can work on establishing mutual health related goals. From these goals, SMART objectives can be integrated into the client’s plan of care and serve as a foundation of expected healthrelated behaviors to review at each subsequent visit. So, as we progress into this second quarter, it is a great time to either personally reflect on our resolutions or use this as a temporal opportunity to establish health-related goals for yourself or your clients. 522089 JMHXXX10.1177/1557988314522089American Journal of Men’s HealthPorche research-article2014
Experiment on the Self-Propagating Quasi-Monopolar Vortex

Abstract The aim of this contribution is to present the results of laboratory experiments on the dynamics of basic self-propagating vortices generated in a large volume of fluid when a linear (P) and an angular (M) momentum are applied locally to a fluid. Using the method proposed, it is possible to generate a whole family of isolated (net vorticity is equal to zero) vortices with different values of the nondimensional parameter e, which is proportional to the ratio of linear to angular momentum (e ∝ RP/M, R is the eddy size). Typical examples include monopole (e = 0), quasi monopole (e = 0.1–0.3), quasi dipole (e ≈ 1), and dipole (e = ∞). One of the possible applications is the dynamics of oceanic eddies. Recently, Stern and Radko considered theoretically and numerically a symmetric barotropic eddy, which is subject to a relatively small amplitude disturbance of unit azimuthal wavenumber on an f plane. This case corresponds to a self-propagating quasi monopole. They analyzed the structure of the eddy and...
A highly integrated single chip 5–6 GHz front-end IC based on SiGe BiCMOS that enhances 802.11ac WLAN radio front-end designs

A highly integrated 4.9–5.9 GHz single chip front-end IC (FEIC) is presented, which is based on SiGe BiCMOS, realized in a 1.6 mm2 chip area and in an ultra-compact 1.7 × 2.0 × 0.33 mm3 package. The Tx chain has >30 dB gain and meets −40 dB DEVM up to Pout of 15 dBm and −35 dB DEVM up to Pout of 17 dBm with a 3.3 V supply, insensitive to modulation bandwidths and duty cycle. The ultra-low back-off DEVM enables the emerging 1024-QAM applications. The integrated log detector enhances the dynamic range for the transmit power control. The Rx chain features <2.8 dB NF and 15 dB gain with 3 dBm IIP3 and 10 dB bypass attenuator with 23 dBm IIP3. All the unique features enhance the front-end circuit designs of complex radios based on the 802.11ac standard.
Substantial Energy Use Reduction Strategies for Buildings in Continental Climates

Abstract Substantial reduction of energy use in new and existing buildings remains elusive in the continental climate regions of the United States. According to recently published data from the American Institute of Architects (AIA), less than 40% of energy reductions in new buildings have been realized during the first four years of reporting by the offices participating in the AIA 2030 Commitment, which is well below the targets of 60% reduction between 2010 and 2015, 70% reduction between 2015 and 2020, etc. Combine this data with the fact that the reporting firms represent less than 1% of the architecture firms in the US, that they are among the most aggressive adopters of the commitment, and that the adopting offices operate in a variety of climatic regions of the US, and it is clear that progress toward the commitment is quite modest. Energy use reduction strategies for this complicated climate, from hot and humid summers to cold and dry winters, as well as increasing frequency of extreme weather events prompting evolving resiliency considerations, requires sober assessment of the conditions necessary to truly realize the goals of reduced energy consumption and carbon neutral design by 2030. Design professionals have successfully realized substantial energy use reductions by incorporating innovative design approaches, including a variety of passive solar and natural ventilation applications, in addition to incrementally improving mechanical and on-site renewable solutions. Yet applications of innovative passive approaches in the continental climatic regions are fraught with difficulty. This paper continues a discourse on architectural planning and design strategies for substantially lowering energy use with a focus on buildings located in the continental climatic regions. Nine design decisions are explored through practice-based applied research between Judson University in Elgin, IL and Serena Sturm Architects in Chicago, IL.
Rituximab in Autoimmune CNS Disease

Investigators at University of Sydney, Australia, and 14 international centers assessed the utility and safety of rituximab in 144 children (median age 8 years, range 0.7-17; 103 female) with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders of the CNS.
Composition of Pliocene to Quaternary mixed terrigenous and calcareous sandy beds in contourite drift deposits at ODP Site 1119 off New Zealand: Insights into sandy drift development and drift petroleum reservoir characterization

Abstract ODP (Ocean Drilling Program) Site 1119 was drilled in drift successions deposited by northward flowing currents on the Canterbury slope, South Island, New Zealand. Pliocene (∼3.9 Ma) to Pleistocene drift accumulation was concomitant with tectonic uplift and sediment supply from the Alpine Fault plate boundary to the west, glacial development and eustatic sealevel change that created cyclicity in sandy input. Sand detrital and biogenic modes of very fine and fine sand fractions from 24 unconsolidated core samples (44 thin sections) were determined. Fine sand fractions contain an average of 52% bioclastic debris, with bioclasts making up 23% of the very fine sand fraction. Foraminifers are the dominant bioclasts, with pelagic more common than benthic varieties. The average proportions of monocrystalline quartz, plagioclase and potassium feldspar are similar in both size fractions (average QmKP of ∼25:12:63). In contrast, the very fine sand fractions have, on average, higher lithic (QFL%L of 16 vs. 3%), mica (Totalgrain%M of 10 vs. 6%), and dense mineral (Totalgrain%D of 8 vs. 5%) content as compared with the fine sand fractions. Younger clinoform drape (Unit I) and older mounded drift (Unit II) seismic facies showed no distinct detrital compositional differences in their sand fractions, though bioclast content ranges higher in the fine sand fraction of Unit II. Albite feldspar, metamorphic rock fragment, and chlorite components in the sand are consistent with a schist provenance. Other components such as biotite, plagioclase, and K-feldspar require a contribution from metasedimentary and volcanic rocks. Thus there is some along-slope mixing during sediment transport by south-to-north flowing currents. Cemented microporous sandstone at the base of the section provides some insight into contourite burial diagenesis. This work provides a better understanding of the compositional variability of sand components of drift successions which are potential hydrocarbon reservoirs elsewhere.
Cross Section for the Reaction D(d, p)H 3

Cross sections for the reaction $\mathrm{D}(d, p){\mathrm{H}}^{3}$ have been measured between 50 and 100 kev, using thin targets of deuterium absorbed in zirconium. With the angular distribution data of Wenzel and Whaling, the total cross sections have been calculated. The total cross section at 100 kev is measured to be 14.8 millibarns. A gas target was used to determine the cross section at 420 kev. The value obtained was 49.3 millibarns.
Frison, G. C. 2004. Survival by Hunting: Prehistoric Human Predators and Animal Prey. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, xix + 266 pp. ISBN 0-520-23190-2, price (hardbound) $34.95.

G. C. Frison 2004. Survival by Hunting: Prehistoric Human Predators and Animal Prey. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, xix + 266 pp. ISBN 0-520-23190-2, price (hardbound) $34.95. This book is a personal accounting of the arc of one talented, inspired life. Woven with family and personal history as warp and zooarchaeology as weft, George Frison uses his experiences of 70-plus years to make the case that an intimate understanding of hunting and animal behavior is essential to understanding hunting by early humans. He builds this case based on his life spent pursuing this understanding in the western regions of North America. Frison comes by his experience legitimately. His paternal grandparents established a ranch in 1901 in north-central Wyoming, where he was raised hunting and working livestock. He hunted for himself and as a guide and over 7 decades experimented with firearms, bows, and spears. While hunting and herding cattle, he developed a vocational interest in archaeology and explored sites where he found animal skulls left with human burials, weapons, human remains, arrowheads, and bison jumps. Frisson worked with professional fossil hunters and archaeologists and eventually decided to attend graduate school, where he found a gap between what the literature described as early human hunting and his personal experience with hunting and animal behavior. In particular he felt that these studies and their products such as paintings and museum dioramas did not incorporate any …
Bringing Real-World Data And Visualizations Into Data Structures Courses Using BRIDGES

This demo introduces participants to the concepts and application of BRIDGES, a software infrastructure designed to facilitate hands-on experience for solving traditional problems in introductory computer science courses using data from real-world systems that are of interest to students, such as Facebook, Twitter, and Google Maps. BRIDGES provides access to real-world data sets for use in traditional data structures programming assignments, without requiring students to work with complex and varied APIs to acquire such data. BRIDGES also helps the students to explore and understand the use of data structures by providing each student with a visualization of operations performed on the student's own implementation of a data structure. BRIDGES visualizations can be easily shared (via a weblink) with peers, friends, and family. Demo attendees will see (and possibly engage in) hands-on experience with BRIDGES and will have the opportunity to discuss how BRIDGES can be used to support various introductory computer science courses. Additionally, the demo will complement our oral presentation of our work at SIGCSE, by providing hands-on demonstrations of BRIDGES.
Changing the Narrative: The Difference Women Make in Public Administration

The dominant narrative about women’s progress in public administration focuses on identifying the obstacles to that progress and how to overcome them. But to make real progress toward gender equali...
Role of epidermal growth factor receptor in the metastasis of intraocular melanomas.

PURPOSE To explore the expression and function of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression on human uveal melanoma cells. METHODS Five human uveal melanoma cell lines were examined by flow cytometry for the expression of EGFR. The correlation between EGFR expression and metastasis of uveal melanoma cells was tested in a nude mouse model of intraocular melanoma. The effect of EGFR on liver homing of blood-borne uveal melanoma cells was tested by tracing the fate of radiolabeled cells treated with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody. The capacity of EGFR to inhibit the cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was determined in vitro. The role of EGFR in promoting metastatic disease was studied by infusing intraocular melanoma-bearing mice using a neutralizing antibody against EGFR. RESULTS EGFR was expressed to varying degrees on all eight human uveal melanoma cell lines. Expression of EGFR correlated with metastatic potential and capacity of blood-borne uveal melanoma cells to localize in the liver. EGFR rendered uveal melanoma cells resistant to the cytolytic effects of TNF-alpha. Blocking EGFR with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody increased the susceptibility of uveal melanoma cells to TNF-mediated cytolysis, inhibited metastases, and prolonged host survival. CONCLUSIONS The expression of EGFR on five human uveal melanoma cell lines is correlated with an increased capacity to localize in the liver, an increased resistance to TNF-mediated lysis, and decreased survival. Targeting EGFR expression and function may be a fruitful strategy for managing patients with uveal melanoma.
Investigation of nanoparticle agglomerates properties using Monte Carlo simulations

Abstract By accounting for realistic interparticle interaction energy of fine dry nanoparticles, an off-lattice Monte Carlo (MC) simulation approach is used to gain insight into such properties of agglomerates of nanoparticles with primary sizes ranging from 10 nm to 100 nm. This novel numerical approach allows for assessment of the mechanical properties and morphological features of the agglomerates. An interesting outcome is that the fractal dimension depends on the material properties represented via interaction energy. The agglomerate porosity increases with increasing agglomerate mass and may approach unity. With increasing Hamaker constant and fixed particle size, the agglomerates are characterized by a lower fractal dimension, higher packing porosity, higher mechanical strength, larger agglomeration size, and lower crystalline fraction. For a fixed Hamaker constant, agglomerates of the smaller primary particles exhibit a more compact packing structure, higher mechanical strength, smaller agglomerate size, and higher crystalline fraction. The local structure analysis indicates that for a fixed Hamaker constant, there are more particles in crystalline structure within the agglomerates constituted by the smaller primary particles. Likewise, for a fixed primary particle size, a lower Hamaker constant allows particles to configure into more stable agglomerate structures, thus providing useful insights into agglomerate morphology.
Welfare States and Housing

Owner-occupied housing may have inhibited development of a tax-funded welfare state during the first half of the twentieth century, and more specifically can be a substitute for a public pension system. But provision of mortgage credit to families requires massive state intervention in credit markets, which can also have decommodifying effects that offset the earlier inhibition on welfare state growth. Against that, these interventions usually have stratifying effects, rewarding those who already have savings or high incomes. Four distinct types of housing regimes, with different kinds of interventions and levels of owner-occupation seem to exist.
Nieuwe richtlijn kunstgewrichten

De afgelopen jaren zijn mij bij herhaling vragen gesteld over de behandeling van patienten met kunstgewrichten. Een enkele wil ik memoreren omdat de vragen een probleem aan de orde stellen dat zal blijven terugkeren, ondanks de nieuwe, op brede steun gebouwde Richtlijn.
The Art of Sustainability

On a blustery spring morning, 14 elementary students quietly gathered around a table at the Ballard Locks in Seattle, Washington. Their eyes were transfixed as Esteban Camacho Steffensen, an eco-mu...
Uncertainty of Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Chest Pain Risk Stratification

Background: Chest pain is a common presenting symptom in the emergency department (ED). Although the diagnostic workup for chest pain is well established, the best time to perform invasive cardiac catheterization in patients with low to moderate risk of coronary artery disease is still unclear, particularly if noninvasive tests such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) and nuclear myocardial perfusion scan show nonsignificant findings. Case Report: We present the case of a 52-year-old female who presented to the ED with acute-onset chest pain that had started early in the morning while she was sleeping. She had presented to the ED 2 weeks prior with chest pain, but her ECG and transthoracic echocardiogram were normal, and her myocardial perfusion scan revealed no significant perfusion defect, so she was discharged. During her second ED visit, the patient developed an arrhythmia, diagnosed as supraventricular tachycardia, that was rapidly converted to sinus rhythm with one dose of intravenous adenosine. Because of her persistent chest pain and the arrhythmia, she underwent cardiac catheterization that revealed coronary artery disease with 80% middle left anterior descending artery stenosis. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed, and the patient9s symptoms resolved. Conclusion: Chest pain evaluation is challenging for ED physicians, hospitalists, and cardiologists. Although the nuclear myocardial perfusion scan has excellent sensitivity and specificity in ischemic detection, the clinical examination remains the primary determinant of further management.
A Proposed Watershed Retention Function

The infiltration approach to watershed runoff is acceptable for those situations where rain in excess of infiltration causes surface runoff. It cannot be applied rigorously to urban watersheds where little infiltration takes place, or to highly pervious soils where little excess occurs. A mathematical form is proposed for empirical calibration on real-world heterogeneous watersheds. The effect of variation of parametric values is explored and some optimized values, resulting from fitting to plot infiltration data, are presented.
Classifying First Extremal Points for a Fractional Boundary Value Problem with a Fractional Boundary Condition

Let $$n\in \mathbb {N}$$ , $$n\ge 2$$ , $$\beta >0$$ fixed, and $$0<b\le \beta $$ . For $$n-1<\alpha \le n$$ , we look to classify extremal points for the fractional differential equation $$D_{0^+}^{\alpha }u+p(t) u=0$$ , satisfying the boundary conditions $$u^{(i)}(0)=0$$ , $$i=0,\ldots ,n-2$$ , $$D_{0^+}^\gamma u(b)=0$$ , where p(t) is a continuous nonnegative function on $$[0,\beta ]$$ which does not vanish identically on any nondegenerate compact subinterval of $$[0,\beta ]$$ . Using the theory of Krein and Rutman, first extremal points of this boundary value problem are classified. As an application, the results are applied, along with a fixed-point theorem, to show the existence of a solution of a nonlinear fractional boundary value problem.
Chapter 15 – Data Sharing and Reuse

Sharing the data that underlies a published article requires motivation on the part of the author, which is a big hurdle in itself. More than that, data sharing requires having an infrastructure that allows others to store, obtain, and manipulate data that potentially may be very large and unwieldy. The data must be annotated in such a manner so that others can understand how it was generated and what it means.
An Anglo-American medical lexicon.

Martin Kaminski uses his medical training on both sides of the Atlantic to devise a handy phrase book for the wards
Multiscale evolution of attractor-shape descriptors for assessing Parkinson's disease severity

We propose a nonparametric framework for analyzing and modeling dynamic postural shifts of human subjects. The postural shifts are represented in the phase space using time-delay embeddings and novel shape-theoretic features are extracted. The proposed multiscale descriptors are used as discriminative features to differentiate dynamical systems. The descriptors are simple and easy to compute, and model the multiscale characteristics of the attractor's multi-dimensional shape measurements. We demonstrate the usefulness of these features by using them to classify subjects into healthy and those affected by Parkinson's disease. We also use these features to assess the severity of the disease. In all these use cases, the proposed multiscale features perform better than their global counterparts.
Systems analysis of microbial adaptations to simultaneous stresses.

Microbes live in multi-factorial environments and have evolved under a variety of concurrent stresses including resource scarcity. Their metabolic organization is a reflection of their evolutionary histories and, in spite of decades of research, there is still a need for improved theoretical tools to explain fundamental aspects of microbial physiology. Using ecological and economic concepts, this chapter explores a resource-ratio based theory to elucidate microbial strategies for extracting and channeling mass and energy. The theory assumes cellular fitness is maximized by allocating scarce resources in appropriate proportions to multiple stress responses. Presented case studies deconstruct metabolic networks into a complete set of minimal biochemical pathways known as elementary flux modes. An economic analysis of the elementary flux modes tabulates enzyme atomic synthesis requirements from amino acid sequences and pathway operating costs from catabolic efficiencies, permitting characterization of inherent tradeoffs between resource investment and phenotype. A set of elementary flux modes with competitive tradeoffs properties can be mathe­matically projected onto experimental fluxomics datasets to decompose measured phenotypes into metabolic adaptations, interpreted as cellular responses proportional to the experienced culturing stresses. The resource-ratio based method describes the experimental phenotypes with greater accuracy than other contemporary approaches and further analysis suggests the results are both statistically and biologically significant. The insight into metabolic network design principles including tradeoffs associated with concurrent stress adaptation provides a foundation for interpreting physiology as well as for rational control and engineering of medically, environmentally, and industrially relevant microbes.
Participation of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 in Eicosanoid Generation by Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Mast Cells

Leukotrienes and prostaglandins, derived from the oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid1’2are potent lipid mediators of tissue inflammation.3’4The first step in the generation of these eicosanoids, is the liberation of esterified arachidonic acid from the sn-2 position of cell membrane glycerophospholipids by the action of phospholipase A2 (PLA2)5. The family of mammalian PLA2enzymes includes the 85-kDa group IV cytosolic PLA2(cPLA2); at least eight low molecular weight, cysteine-rich PLA2enzymes; and calcium-independent species of PLA2.6
On the Computable Theory of Bounded Analytic Functions

The theory of bounded analytic functions is reexamined from the viewpoint of computability theory.
Comparison of Assembly Tolerance Analysis by the Direct Linearization and Modified Monte Carlo Simulation Methods

Two methods for performing statistical tolerance analysis of mechanical assemblies are compared: the Direct Linearization Method (DLM), and Monte Carlo simulation. A selection of 2-D and 3-D vector models of assemblies were analyzed, including problems with closed loop assembly constraints. Closed vector loops describe the small kinematic adjustments that occur at assembly time. Open loops describe critical clearances or other assembly features. The DLM uses linearized assembly constraints and matrix algebra to estimate the variations of the assembly or kinematic variables, and to predict assembly rejects. A modified Monte Carlo simulation, employing an iterative technique for closed loop assemblies, was applied to the same problem set. The results of the comparison show that the DLM is accurate if the tolerances are relatively small compared to the nominal dimensions of the components, and the assembly functions are not highly nonlinear. Sample size is shown to have great influence on the accuracy of Monte Carlo simulation.
10 – Testing and quality control of polyolefins

Abstract This chapter focuses on the testing, product evaluation and quality control of polyolefins. Important physical and chemical tests that impact the raw materials and facilitate the evaluation of the products for various end uses and quality control regimes are presented. In recent years, the trends and developments in metrology have had their underpinnings on automation, speed and advanced instrumentation. However, differences between test results may still arise because of variations in test specimens and test conditions.
Tachykinin/Substance P/Neurokinin-1 Receptors

Tachykinins are small peptides, found in both vertebrates and invertebrates, which regulate many physiological processes. They are distributed mainly in the central nervous system, but are also important regulators of contractility in vascular smooth muscle and many areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Tachykinins (meaning fast acting) are characterized by an amidated C-terminus containing the amino acids F-X-G-L-M-NH 2 , where X is a hydrophobic amino acid residue. Tachykinins act through receptors that are members of the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. The best-known mammalian tachykinin is substance P (SP), a peptide of 11 amino acids. The preferred receptor for SP, neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R; also known as substance P receptor), occurs as a full-length receptor and in a truncated form, which lacks the carboxyl-tail. The carboxyl tail of NK1R plays an important role in receptor desensitization; therefore, the truncated form of NK1R differs from full-length NK1R in its interactions with proteins involved in receptor desensitization. Finally, NK1R has an important role in pain and in several human disorders, including emesis, depression, and glioblastoma.
Idealized Cycle Analysis of Jet Propulsion Engines

The general jet engine cycle is discussed in the enthalpy-entropy plane and the concept of an ideal jet engine cycle is introduced. Detailed analysis of the performance of various types of jet engines operating ideally under different important flight conditions is presented. The turbine inlet temperature is treated as a parameter and thrust, and specific fuel consumption results are discussed. These cases include the following: ideal turbojet in maximum power takeoff, ideal turbojet in high subsonic cruise in the stratosphere, ideal turbojet in supersonic cruise in the stratosphere, ideal ramjet in high supersonic cruise in the stratosphere, ideal turbofan in maximum power takeoff, ideal turbofan in high subsonic cruise in the stratosphere, ideal internally mixed turbofan in supersonic cruise in the stratosphere, and ideal scramjet in hypersonic cruise in the stratosphere. A discussion of the effects of real engine operations on the ideal results is given.
Always Running: Candidate Emergence among Women of Color over Time:

The number of women seeking congressional office in the United States has dramatically increased since 1980. Previous research on women candidates explores why women run, but new research on candid...
Sentio: Distributed Sensor Virtualization for Mobile Apps

This paper presents Sentio, a distributed middle-ware designed to provide mobile apps with seamless connectivity to remote sensors when the sensing code and the sensors are not physically on the same device, e.g., when the sensing code is offloaded to the cloud. Sentio presents the apps with virtual sensors that are mapped to remote physical sensors. Virtual sensors can be composed into higher-level sensors, which fuse sensing data from multiple physical sensors. Furthermore, they are mapped to the best available physical sensors when the app starts and re-mapped transparently to other physical sensors at runtime in response to context changes. Sentio was designed to work without modifications to the operating system and to provide low-latency access to remote sensors, which is beneficial to apps with real time-requirements such as mobile games. We have built a prototype of Sentio on Android. We have also developed four apps based on Sentio to understand the programming effort and evaluate the performance. The development of the apps shows that complex sensing tasks can be implemented quickly, benefiting from Sentio’s high-level API. The experimental results show that Sentio achieves good real-time performance.
A systematic review of treating recurrent head and neck cancer: a reintroduction of brachytherapy with or without surgery.

Purpose To review brachytherapy use in recurrent head and neck carcinoma (RHNC) with focus on its efficacy and complication rates. Material and methods A literature search of PubMed, Ovid, Google Scholar, and Scopus was conducted from 1990 to 2017. Publications describing treatment of RHNC with brachytherapy with or without surgery were included. The focus of this review is on oncologic outcomes and the safety of brachytherapy in the recurrent setting. Results Thirty studies involving RHNC treatment with brachytherapy were reviewed. Brachytherapy as adjunctive treatment to surgical resection appears to be associated with an improved local regional control and overall survival, when compared with the published rates for re-irradiation utilizing external beam radiotherapy (RT) or brachytherapy alone. Safety data remains variable with different isotopes and dose rates with implantable brachytherapy demonstrating a tolerable side effect profile. Conclusions Although surgery remains a mainstay treatment for RHNC, intraoperative interstitial brachytherapy delivery as adjunctive therapy may improve the treatment outcome and may be associated with fewer complication rates as compared to reirradiation using external beam radiotherapy. Further investigations are required to elucidate the role of brachytherapy for RHNC.
The power of Latina/x/o studies beyond the ivory tower and inside prison walls.

Although Blacks and Latinas/xs/os make up about 31% of the US population (13% and 18%, respectively), they make up about 59% of the prison population (40% and 19%, respectively) (Sakala 2014). What power can Latina/x/o studies have for those incarcerated in prisons? In the spring of 2017, as part of the Prison + Neighborhood Arts Project (PNAP), I taught an introductory Latina/x/o studies course at Stateville Correctional Center (Stateville), a maximum security prison outside of Chicago, Illinois. Over fourteen weeks, the students and I built an intellectual community that allowed us to critically interrogate and transform our understandings of the societies in which we live and of ourselves. In this vivencia I describe the context of the class through a discussion of PNAP, Stateville, our class, and course outcomes. More generally, I argue that Latina/x/o studies provides tools for individual and collective transformation by building Black-Brown solidarity, developing criticality, and building self-confidence among incarcerated people.
Emerging biomarkers in ovarian granulosa cell tumors

Objective Although the majority of ovarian granulosa cell tumors can be successfully managed with surgery, a subset require chemotherapy for residual and recurrent disease. The benefit of chemotherapy in this population, however, remains controversial. There is therefore interest in the development of more tolerable and effective treatment options for advanced ovarian granulosa cell tumors. We report the use of immunohistochemistry to investigate how biomarkers could inform clinical trials in granulosa cell tumors with an emphasis on emerging androgen antagonistic, immunotherapeutic, and anti-angiogenic approaches. Methods Immunohistochemistry for androgen receptor, the immune markers programmed cell death ligand 1, indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase, and cluster of differentiation 8, and the vascular marker cluster of differentiation 31 were evaluated on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded whole tissue sections from 29 cases of adult-type granulosa cell tumors. Results were evaluated with clinicopathologic variables including recurrence. Results 59% of granulosa cell tumors were androgen receptor-positive, suggesting a potential role for anti-androgen therapy in this tumor type. In contrast, the targetable immune modulatory molecules programmed cell death ligand 1 and indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase were scarcely expressed, with no cases showing tumorous programmed cell death ligand 1 and a single case demonstrating very focal tumorous indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase staining. A minority of cases expressed programmed cell death ligand 1 in occasional tumor-associated macrophages and indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase in peritumoral vessels. Tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells were also scarce in granulosa cell tumors, arguing against a significant role for immunotherapy in the absence of additional immunostimulation. Cluster of differentiation 31 immunostaining revealed a range of vascular densities across granulosa cell tumors, and future studies evaluating the role of vascular density as a predictor of response to angiogenesis inhibition are warranted. None of the biomarkers investigated were significantly correlated with recurrence, and the only clinicopathologic feature significantly correlated with outcome was stage at presentation. Conclusions Biomarker data suggest that many ovarian granulosa cell tumors could be candidates for anti-androgen therapy, while the potential role for immunotherapy appears more limited. Vascular density could be useful for identifying optimal candidates for angiogenesis inhibition. Incorporation of these biomarkers into clinical trials could help optimize patient selection.
The design and structure of clinical research information systems. Implications for data retrieval and statistical analyses.

Data management software designed to support clinical data bases typically provides the user with the ability to “enter” and “retrieve” information according to simple user-specified criteria. In the medical research environment, such data base management systems can be self-limiting unless the user has carefully structured the data base schema to be consistent with subsequent statistical procedures used for analysis. For statistical purposes, the data base schema must be configured such that the dependent and independent variables are structurally situated to facilitate the use of statistical application programs. Furthermore, the analysis of time-oriented, prospective studies often requires the data base to be “relational.” This may be inconsistent with data collection procedures that result in “hierarchical” schemata. Methodology for ensuring compatibility between the data base schema and subsequent statistical analyses is presented using examples derived from a multicenter clinical trial of diabetes and an observational data bank approach to disease surveillance in rheumatology.
How Low to Go With Lipid-Lowering Therapies in a Cost-effective and Prudent Manner.

Abstract The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol was a landmark document guiding health care professionals around the globe on how to administer lipid-lowering therapies. Those guidelines were primarily focused on statin therapy benefit groups. The writing committee found insufficient evidence for specific low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) treatment targets. There have been many important updates in the lipid literature since the publication of that document. Most importantly, clinical trials have provided definitive evidence for the pivotal role of LDL-C in atherogenesis and the improvement in clinical outcomes by means of aggressive LDL-C reduction. Ezetimibe, evolocumab, and alirocumab treatment resulted in substantial reductions in major adverse cardiovascular outcomes. These data encourage a discussion on whether LDL-C targets are warranted in primary and/or secondary prevention, and if so, how low should those targets be. In order to answer such questions, the costs and safety of such therapies, as well as the safety of very low levels of LDL-C need to be addressed. This review discusses the relationship between LDL-C lowering and cardiovascular risk reduction, the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of high-intensity lipid-lowering therapies, and the recommendations from the most recent lipid guidelines.
Photopotentiation of the GABAA receptor with caged diazepam

As the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid–ergic (GABAergic) transmission has a pivotal role in the central nervous system (CNS) and defective forms of its synapses are associated with serious neurological disorders, numerous versions of caged GABA and, more recently, photoswitchable ligands have been developed to investigate such transmission. While the complementary nature of these probes is evident, the mechanisms by which the GABA receptors can be photocontrolled have not been fully exploited. In fact, the ultimate need for specificity is critical for the proper synaptic exploration. No caged allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor have been reported so far; to introduce such an investigational approach, we exploited the structural motifs of the benzodiazepinic scaffold to develop a photocaged version of diazepam (CD) that was tested on basolateral amygdala (BLa) pyramidal cells in mouse brain slices. CD is devoid of any intrinsic activity toward the GABAA receptor before irradiation. Importantly, CD is a photoreleasable GABAA receptor-positive allosteric modulator that offers a different probing mechanism compared to caged GABA and photoswitchable ligands. CD potentiates the inhibitory signaling by prolonging the decay time of postsynaptic GABAergic currents upon photoactivation. Additionally, no effect on presynaptic GABA release was recorded. We developed a photochemical technology to individually study the GABAA receptor, which specifically expands the toolbox available to study GABAergic synapses.