cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstracts on Primary Care, Public Health and Person Centered Medicine

Presented at the 3rd International Congress of Person Centered Medicine and 1st International Conference of Primary Care and Public Health, London, 29 - 31 October 2015
Generating Moving Regions from Snapshots of Complex Regions

Moving regions are a form of spatiotemporal data in which a region changes in shape and/or position over time. In many fields, moving regions representing real-world phenomena are collected using sensors that take temporally encoded snapshots of regions. We provide a novel algorithm that creates a moving region between any two complex regions. The proposed algorithm has worst-case time bounds of O;(n;2), but can use approximation techniques to achieve O(nlgn) in practice, space bounds of O;(n;), and output size bounded by O;(n;) (where n; is the number of line segments that define the boundaries of the regions).
The Effects of Public Law 480 on Canadian Wheat Exports

This article attempts to delineate the nature and extent of harmful effects reportedly suffered by Canada as a result of U.S. Public Law 480 wheat exports. Wheat trade data suggest that U.S. P. L. 480 wheat exports depressed total Canadian exports during the fiscal 1955–60 period. Sales to countries such as Communist China and the Soviet Union have improved Canada's overall wheat trade picture since 1960 on a quantity basis. Nevertheless, the fact that Canada accounted for a smaller percentage share of total world wheat exports during the fiscal 1961–63 period than during the fiscal 1955–60 period suggests that some P. L. 480 induced pressures continue to exist in a number of markets. This statement is supported by the evidence that Canadian wheat exports have been reduced, largely due to P. L. 480 activities, on a percentage basis in an 18 country group, and on a percentage and quantity basis in a 16 country group examined in this study.
Interdisziplinäres Management im Zentrum für geriatrische Traumatologie

Die Versorgung geriatrischer Patienten mit Frakturen stellt den behandelnden Unfallchirurgen vor zunehmende Probleme. Zum einen kommt es aufgrund der demografischen Entwicklung zu einer quantitativen Zunahme der alten und hochbetagten Patienten mit Frakturen, zum anderen stellt die Versorgung dieser oft komplexen Frakturen im osteoporotischen Knochen eine chirurgische Herausforderung dar. Immer haufiger treten auch periprothetische Frakturen auf, die oft einer aufwendigen Versorgung bedurfen. Zusatzlich zu diesen unfallchirurgischen Problemfeldern ist gerade der alte Patient durch das Vorhandensein von Komorbiditaten gekennzeichnet. Wenn diese nicht adaquat adressiert und therapiert werden, konnen sie im peri- und postoperativen Verlauf zu erheblichen Komplikationen fuhren. Nicht zuletzt bedingt diese Entwicklung auch eine zunehmende gesundheits- und volkswirtschaftliche Belastung. Um diesen Herausforderungen gerecht zu werden, wurden in den letzten Jahren vermehrt Zentren fur Alterstraumatologie gebildet, in denen die Behandlung und ihre Ergebnisse durch eine interdisziplinare Zusammenarbeit optimiert werden sollen. Die Besonderheiten eines solchen Zentrums und die praktische Umsetzung im klinischen Alltag werden dargelegt.
Activation of multiple signaling modules is critical in angiotensin IV-induced lung endothelial cell proliferation.

Signaling events involving angiotensin IV (ANG IV)-mediated pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) proliferation were examined. ANG IV significantly increased upstream phosphatidylinositide (PI) ...
Internet Infidelity: A Multi-Phase Delphi Study

SUMMARY We used a multi-phase Delphi methodology to identify and explore critical issues, interventions, and gender differences in the treatment of Internet infidelity. We developed three representative vignettes related to Internet infidelity and asked twenty experts in extramarital affairs and/or sex addiction to respond to them, both through ratings and open-ended comments. We found little agreement among the experts. We discuss the unique features of Internet relationships, the areas of agreement and disagreement that we found among the experts, and the implications of our findings and the nature of Internet infidelity for both practice and training in marriage and family therapy.
A tentative study of university teachers' moral quality

A university teacher's moral quality has a great impact on the moral education of the student. The present paper gives an analysis of the latest developments in university teachers' moral quality. It proposes that the reinforcement of university teacher's moral quality should be geared with stimulating the internal drive in university teachers' moral aspect and based on market-economy oriented interest. The paper emphasizes: 1. University teachers' moral reinforcement system is established to ensure that teachers have self-consciousness to fulfill their duties;2. A good management of university teachers' moral education is established to ensure the teacher's important role in the nurture of the student.
Construction of DICOM SR Relational Database Based on Foggy Diagnostic Model and Representation with XML

Along with the in-depth application of PACS,deeper requirement are put forward by the system users that medical images can be retrieved intelligently,but not just being managed.In order to fulfill intelligent retrieval of medicine images,a SR relational database model was proposed on the basis of foggy diagnostic model.The model was based on fuzzy theory,which could be a very good representation of uncertain information in diagnostic language for medical images.On this basis,the mapping method from the proposed relational databases to XML documents was studied,by which the XML expression of SR information was realized.The foundation was laid for the next intelligent retrieval of medical images by using the proposed model.
Emergency Immune Effect of People Who were Exposed to Rabies in Grade III in Xinling County from 2005 to 2008

Objective To investigate the emergency immune effect of the crowd who were exposed to rabies in grade Ⅲ,and to provide a scientific basis for making out the control measures of rabies. Methods Collect,coordinate and analyze the data about disposal of animal bites out-patient registration,the epidemic reporting and the investigation from cases of rabies epidemiology of Xinling County from 2005 to 2008,and conduct statistical arrangement by χ2 testing. Results Totally 2,101 cases of rabies exposure in grade Ⅲ were received,including 1,487 cases in males (70.78%) and 614 cases in females (29.22 %),male cases were more than female ones (χ2= 179.76,P0.01). 39.03% of the cases were children aged below 14 years (820/2,101),including 10 invaded cases (83.33%) and 10 death cases. 60.97% of the cases were adults (1,281/2,101),including 2 invaded cases (16.67%) and 2 death cases. The incidence of children was significantly higher than that of adults (χ2=7.66,P0.01). 75.00 % of the cases were head and face exposure,25.00% of the cases were other parts of the body exposure,and the difference was significant (χ2 = 8.95,P 0.01). Among the 1,780 cases dealt with by county CDCs,the incidence rate was 0.11% (2/1,780),among the 321 cases dealt with by township hospitals,the incidence rate was 3.12% (10/321),and the difference was significant (χ2=16.97,P 0.01). 1,477 cases were injected with rabies immune vaccine and rabies vaccine according to request,the incidence rate was 0.27% (4/1,477); 624 cases were simply injected with rabies vaccine but refused rabies immune vaccine,the incidence rate was 1.28% (8/624); the difference was significant (χ2=10.86,P 0.01). There were 1,785 cases receiving injection first time,12 cases of which were onset; 316 cases received the second time injection,none of which was invaded. Conclusions The emergency immune effect of the population of rabies exposure in grade Ⅲ is related to the exposed parts,the treatment units,age,the first immunization and re-immunization,the injection of rabies immune vaccine+ rabies vaccine or simple rabies vaccine. The possible impact of these factors should be avoided in the process of rabies control.
Evaluation of the Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydroelectricity Generation Systems

This study evaluated the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from different hydroelectricity generation systems by first performing a comprehensive review of the hydroelectricity generation system life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and then subsequent computation of statistical metrics to quantify the life cycle GHG emissions (expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt hour, gCO2e/kWh). A categorization index (with unique category codes, formatted as “facility type-electric power generation capacity”) was developed and used in this study to evaluate the life cycle GHG emissions from the reviewed hydroelectricity generation systems. The unique category codes were labeled by integrating the names of the two hydro power sub-classifications, i.e., the facility type (impoundment (I), diversion (D), pumped storage (PS), miscellaneous hydropower works (MHPW)) and the electric power generation capacity (micro (µ), small (S), large (L)). The characterized hydroelectricity generation systems were statistically evaluated to determine the reduction in corresponding life cycle GHG emissions. A total of eight unique categorization codes (I-S, I-L, D-µ, D-S, D-L, PS-L, MHPW-µ, MHPW-S) were designated to the 19 hydroelectricity generation LCA studies (representing 178 hydropower cases) using the proposed categorization index. The mean life cycle GHG emissions resulting from the use of I-S (N = 24), I-L (N = 8), D-µ (N = 3), D-S (N = 133), D-L (N = 3), PS-L (N = 3), MHPW-µ (N = 3), and MHPW-S (N = 1) hydroelectricity generation systems are 21.05 gCO2e/kWh, 40.63 gCO2e/kWh, 47.82 gCO2e/kWh, 27.18 gCO2e/kWh, 3.45 gCO2e/kWh, 256.63 gCO2e/kWh, 19.73 gCO2e/kWh, and 2.78 gCO2e/kWh, respectively. D-L hydroelectricity generation systems produced the minimum life cycle GHGs (considering the hydroelectricity generation system categories with a representation of at least two cases).
The relationship between family support; pain and depression in elderly with arthritis

The prevalence and chronic nature of arthritis make it the most common cause of disability among U.S.A adults. Family support reduces the negative impact of chronic conditions generally but its rol...
A Qualitative Inquiry of Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Survivors' Perspectives of Independence.

Purpose: This report examines facilitators and barriers to independence for a sample of survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer. Methods: We conducted 53 semistructured, in-depth interviews with adult survivors of cancer diagnosed at ages 0–20 years. Researchers qualitatively coded themes to reflect responses to the question inquiring about how cancer may have affected survivors' independence from their parents. Results: Among the 21 survivors who reported that cancer affected their independence, themes included challenges and motivators to independence following cancer. Challenges to independence included overprotection by parents, financial dependence, problems in healthcare decision-making, and emotional dependence. Motivators included self-confidence, desire for independence, parental support, and inadequate family support. Conclusion: Supportive care for survivors of childhood and adolescent cancers should include services to help them in their journey toward developmental independence.
The Future Role of Coal

The future role of coal will be discussed in this chapter, taking into account environmental concerns about climate change, recent legislation targeting CO 2 emissions, and in the case of the United States, recent developments and increased production of shale oil and gas. The cost of electricity, the status of coal use for producing electricity in major coal consuming countries, and the shift from coal to other sources for producing electricity are presented. Coal’s role in providing energy security is also discussed.
Ca2+ Selective Host Rotaxane Is Highly Toxic Against Prostate Cancer Cells

New therapies are needed to eradicate androgen resistant, prostate cancer. Prostate cancer usually metastasizes to bone where the concentration of calcium is high, making Ca2+ a promising toxin. Ionophores can deliver metal cations into cells, but are currently too toxic for human use. We synthesized a new rotaxane (CEHR2) that contains a benzyl 15-crown-5 ether as a blocking group to efficiently bind Ca2+. CEHR2 transfers Ca2+ from an aqueous solution into CHCl3 to greater extent than alkali metal cations and Mg2+. It also transfers Ca2+ to a greater extent than CEHR1, which is a rotaxane with an 18-crown-6 ether as a blocking group. CEHR2 was more toxic against the prostate cancer cell lines PC-3, 22Rv1, and C4-2 than CEHR1. This project demonstrates that crown ether rotaxanes can be designed to bind a targeted metal cation, and this selective cation association can result in enhanced toxicity.
Quality Uncertainty Erodes Trust in Science

When consumers of science (readers and reviewers) lack relevant details about the study design, data, and analyses, they cannot adequately evaluate the strength of a scientific study. Lack of transparency is common in science, and is encouraged by journals that place more emphasis on the aesthetic appeal of a manuscript than the robustness of its scientific claims. In doing this, journals are implicitly encouraging authors to do whatever it takes to obtain eye-catching results. To achieve this, researchers can use common research practices that beautify results at the expense of the robustness of those results (e.g., p-hacking). The problem is not engaging in these practices, but failing to disclose them. A car whose carburetor is duct-taped to the rest of the car might work perfectly fine, but the buyer has a right to know about the duct-taping. Without high levels of transparency in scientific publications, consumers of scientific manuscripts are in a similar position as buyers of used cars – they cannot reliably tell the difference between lemons and high quality findings. This phenomenon – quality uncertainty – has been shown to erode trust in economic markets, such as the used car market. The same problem threatens to erode trust in science. The solution is to increase transparency and give consumers of scientific research the information they need to accurately evaluate research. Transparency would also encourage researchers to be more careful in how they conduct their studies and write up their results. To make this happen, we must tie journals’ reputations to their practices regarding transparency. Reviewers hold a great deal of power to make this happen, by demanding the transparency needed to rigorously evaluate scientific manuscripts. The public expects transparency from science, and appropriately so – we should be held to a higher standard than used car salespeople.
Platform Color Designs for Interactive Molecular Arrangements

It has been shown that alternating attachments of two types (species) of floating molecular (DNA based) tiles on a predesigned array that consists of communicating neighboring DNA tiles complementary to the floating tiles can dynamically simulate some types of cellular automata (CA). We show that the model can simulate any elementary one dimensional CA confirming the universal computational power of the model. We address the question of which design of the platform array provides communication across the whole plane. We show that for square tiles only the checkerboard arrangement of the two species can provide communication between any two tiles of the plane. On the other hand, there are an uncountable number of arrangements of two colors of hexagonal tiles on the plane which provide communication between any two tiles.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom clusters differentially predict prenatal health behaviors in pregnant women.

Objective To date, most investigations of mental health in pregnant women have focused on depression or substance use. This study aimed to (a) delineate the relationships between symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and prenatal health behaviors and (b) explore whether the symptom clusters of ADHD differentially predict prenatal health behaviors (e.g., physical strain, healthy eating, prenatal vitamin use). Method A total of 198 pregnant women (mean age = 27.94 years) completed measures of ADHD symptoms, prenatal health behaviors, and depression. Results Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity/emotional lability all evidenced significant relationships with the prenatal health behaviors, each differentially predicting different prenatal health behaviors. Conclusion As decreased engagement in adequate prenatal health behaviors puts both the mother and fetus at risk for negative birth outcomes, future research should work to develop a brief ADHD screen to be used in obstetric clinics and should investigate these relationships within a sample of women with a diagnosis of ADHD.
Harvest glove and LabView based mechanical damage determination on apples

Abstract The purpose of the survey was to determine oxidation area and skin color change at the damaged apples by using Arduino based Force Resistive Sensor (FRS) and image analysis techniques. Mondial Gala, Mitch Gala, Jonagold local apple varieties were tested with FRS supported harvest glove which was prepared for the impact measurement. FRS glove used for determination of impact force while harvesting of apples. After the impact test, oxidation areas of each sample was evaluated by using a webcam and Labview platform. The oxidation areas were precisely measured by using LabView software after all these procedures. The effects of the impact tests indicated that response to impact bruising is dependent on flesh firmness and the impact force as well as apple variety.
Enabling fast charging – Vehicle considerations

Abstract To achieve a successful increase in the plug-in battery electric vehicle (BEV) market, it is anticipated that a significant improvement in battery performance is required to increase the range that BEVs can travel and the rate at which they can be recharged. While the range that BEVs can travel on a single recharge is improving, the recharge rate is still much slower than the refueling rate of conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. To achieve comparable recharge times, we explore the vehicle considerations of charge rates of at least 400 kW. Faster recharge is expected to significantly mitigate the perceived deficiencies for long-distance transportation, to provide alternative charging in densely populated areas where overnight charging at home may not be possible, and to reduce range anxiety for travel within a city when unplanned charging may be required. This substantial increase in charging rate is expected to create technical issues in the design of the battery system and the vehicle's electrical architecture that must be resolved. This work focuses on vehicle system design and total recharge time to meet the goals of implementing improved charge rates and the impacts of these expected increases on system voltage and vehicle components.
Grass Is Greener on the Other Side: Return Migration of Indian Engineers and Scientists in Academia:

Studies on skilled return migration from developed to developing countries have focused on the industrial sector. This article focuses on why academic engineers and scientists from developing count...
HDACs in Diabetes: A New Era of Epigenetic Drug

Abstract Epigenetics, heritable modifications of gene expression, have been drawing the attention of researchers for their potential implication in several diseases, including metabolic disorders. Among the epigenetic mechanisms currently known, histone modifications such as acetylation and deacetylation have been reported as important regulators of gene transcription, which influence physiological processes involved in several diseases, including diabetes. This chapter will focus on the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs), the enzymes that catalyze histone deacetylation and regulate gene expression, in diabetes. Furthermore, a review about how HDACs and their inhibitors play a role in the onset and development of diabetes will be presented.
The Administrative Capacity of New Types of Governance

New types of governance have emerged in modern society. They occur in several forms and are the product of the need to tackle new problems and the wish to reform government. The new types of governance can be seen as “fit” solutions. However, the central question is: are they a panacea? The article aims at investigating the administrative capacity of these new types of governance. By introducing the JEP Triangle (Juridical-Economic-Political) a three dimensional approach of administrative capacity is given. The triangle will be placed within the broader academic discussion of modernist, postmodernist, and supermodernist theory.
Divergence insufficiency alleviated by posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty in a patient with Chiari type 1.5 malformation

The authors present a case of Chiari type 1.5 malformation with the uncommon presenting symptoms of esotropia and diplopia due to divergence insufficiency in a 12-year-old girl. Imaging at initial diagnosis revealed cerebellar herniation with extension of the tonsils to the C2 vertebral body, a retroflexed odontoid, and a small cervical syrinx. The patient was initially treated with an uncomplicated Chiari malformation decompression without dural opening. Repeat imaging revealed an adequate decompression. Three months postoperatively the patient's diplopia recurred and she underwent repeat posterior fossa decompression with dural opening and duraplasty. Following repeat decompression with dural opening and duraplasty, the patient's diplopia had not recurred by the 2-year follow-up.https://thejns.org/doi/abs/10.3171/2018.5.PEDS1886.
Overexpression of miR-489 derails mammary hierarchy structure and inhibits HER2/neu-induced tumorigenesis

Although it has been demonstrated that transformed progenitor cell population can contribute to tumor initiation, factors contributing to this malignant transformation are poorly known. Using in vitro and xenograft-based models, previous studies demonstrated that miR-489 acts as a tumor suppressor miRNA by targeting various oncogenic pathways. It has been demonstrated that miR-489 directly targets HER2 and inhibits the HER2 signaling pathway; however, its role in mammary gland development and HER2-induced tumor initiation hasn't been studied. To dissect the role of miR-489, we sorted different populations of mammary epithelial cells and determined that miR-489 was highly expressed in mammary stem cells. MMTV-miR-489 mice that overexpressed miR-489 in mammary epithelial cells were developed and these mice exhibited an inhibition of mammary gland development in early ages with a specific impact on highly proliferative cells. Double transgenic MMTV-Her2-miR489 mice were then generated to observe how miR-489 overexpression affects HER2-induced tumorigenesis. miR-489 overexpression delayed HER2-induced tumor initiation significantly. Moreover, miR-489 overexpression inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis. miR-489 overexpression reduced mammary progenitor cell population significantly in preneoplastic mammary glands of MMTV-Her2 mice which showed a putative transformed population in HER2-induced tumorigenesis. The miR-489 overexpression reduced CD49fhiCD61hi populations in tumors that have stem-like properties, and miR-489 overexpression altered the HER2 signaling pathway in mammary tumors. Altogether, these data indicate that the inhibition of HER2-induced tumorigenesis by miR-489 overexpression was due to altering progenitor cell populations while decreasing tumor growth and metastasis via influencing tumor promoting genes DEK and SHP2.
Considering Nursing Theory Certification

Objective: A workshop to discuss development of nursing theory certifications at four levels of nursing knowledge was held as part of the 2016 annual conference of Roy Adaptation Association International.Method: Eight questions were discussed in small and large group formats. Discussion points hand recorded on a flip chart. These points are summarized in this article.Results: 35 international nurse scholars participated. They discussed benefits, limitations, and strategies of a new type of certification for nursing theory knowledge at four levels of education and practice.Conclusion: Nursing theory certification would affirm nursing knowledge, without becoming a burden to nurses. It can potentially affect how nurses are educated about theory at each of the four levels of education, how nurses use theory in practice, and the quality of nursing care provided. Continued dialog is warranted.
Refocusing IBD Patient Management: Personalized, Proactive, and Patient-Centered Care

Medications are available that can be highly effective for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, there are multiple barriers in place to offer these treatments to the right patients at the right time. In addition to obstacles created by payers, there are concerns over medication side effects by patients and providers, and the logistic challenges of navigating the maze of initiating someone on biological therapy. As a gastroenterology community, we need to push the field forward for the sake of our patients. Current and future drug development for IBD is exciting, but we need to optimize what we have now to the best of our ability. When used appropriately and early enough in the disease course, our current medications can heal the bowel and prevent complications from developing. While recognizing that all patients do not need early intensive therapy, we need to identify the appropriate patients for more aggressive treatments. This article will describe how we can improve patient management now by shifting our focus to using a personalized, proactive, and patient-centered approach in our delivery of IBD care.
Sex hormone levels by presence and severity of cirrhosis in women with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Cirrhosis is associated with hormonal dysregulation, as evidenced by secondary amenorrhoea in reproductive-aged women, and feminization of cirrhotic men. Whether hormone levels vary by severity of cirrhosis in women is not known. If identified, such changes may have important clinical relevance, particularly, as low sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) are known to promote metabolic and cardiovascular disease in women. In a cohort of post-menopausal women with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, we compared comprehensive sex hormone levels by presence of cirrhosis, as well as across Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class. Results: There were n = 18 cirrhotic and n = 21 noncirrhotic women with a median age of 57 years (interquartile range [IQR] 53-62). Compared to noncirrhotics, cirrhotic women had higher oestradiol (11.0 vs 6.0 pg/mL, P = 0.05) and oestrone levels (32.0 vs 8.0 ng/mL, P < 0.001), and lower sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) (69.2 vs 155.6 nmol/L, P = 0.001), and FSH levels (4.9 vs 89.6 mIU/mL, P < 0.001). Among cirrhotic women, there was a progressive decline in FSH and SHBG and concurrent rise in oestrone levels from CTP class A to C (test of trend, P values ≤0.02). Cirrhosis is associated with lower FSH and SHBG levels in cirrhotic compared to noncirrhotic women with HCV infection. In cirrhotic women, these levels demonstrate steady decline by disease severity. Given known associations of low SHBG and FSH with cardio-metabolic disease, the clinical implications of hormonal changes by cirrhosis severity in HCV-infected women warrants investigation.
Frio brine sequestration pilot in the Texas Gulf Coast

Publisher Summary Subterranian brine-bearing formations that are hydrologically separated from potable water have been widely recognized as having high potential for very long term (geologic time scale) sequestration of greenhouse gases, particularly the large volumes of CO2 resulting from combustion or generation of hydrogen from fossil fuels. Numerous feasibility and modeling studies document the potential for this type of disposal; however, no site isolated from the complexities introduced by hydrocarbon production is currently available where basic field experiments to confirm model results and demonstrate feasibility can be conducted. The chapter describes a project that aims to develop a suitable site and conduct initial experiments. A project has been developed that will quickly produce information and experience by (1) recycling existing infrastructure, (2) building on known technologies and regulatory processes for deep-well waste disposal and CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR), (3) selecting a geologically isolated injection site suitable for experiments with small volumes of injected CO2 without risk of impact to adjacent properties, and (4) building on the earlier phase of the projects and of the GEOSEQ project. This site complements and extends the results of other planned and ongoing sequestration experiments in EOR settings or future large-scale settings by providing a site for initial experiments in a typical high-injectivity sandstone area of high emissions.
Vocal Repertoire of the King Rail (Rallus elegans)

Auditory callback is the standard method for monitoring rails and other secretive marsh birds that live in concealing habitats. Due to recent population declines, monitoring the King Rail (Rallus elegans) has become a conservation priority. Analysis of field recordings (n = 542 calls or notes) and behavioral observations were combined to provide an account of the structure and function of the King Rail's vocal repertoire, which included 10 different vocalizations. King Rails produced an array of pulsed sounds by altering frequency, note length, pulse rate, and amplitude of each call. The most commonly heard call, the grunt (61 calls recorded; 37 individuals), had multiple functions including mate communication, duetting, and interaction with neighbors in a ‘roll call’ context. The kek (208 calls; 46 individuals) was the primary mate advertisement call. Most of King Rail's calls, including alarms (165 notes; 7 individuals), screeches (47 calls; 7 individuals), churrs (43 calls; 10 individuals), and the poorly documented boom (5 calls; 5 individuals), were used and sometimes combined in defense and distress situations. Although previously described as a signal of receptivity by females, the kek-burr may also be used in the context of defense. This synthesis is intended to assist researchers and managers in interpreting behavioral observations and improving effectiveness of audio lures for detecting or trapping King Rails.
Structure and Chemical State of Cesium on Well-Defined Cu(111) and Cu2O/Cu(111) Surfaces

The deposition of cesium (Cs) onto the metallic and oxidized surfaces of Cu(111) was investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density func...
Non-asymptotic and Accurate Learning of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems.

We consider the problem of learning stabilizable systems governed by nonlinear state equation $h_{t+1}=\phi(h_t,u_t;\theta)+w_t$. Here $\theta$ is the unknown system dynamics, $h_t $ is the state, $u_t$ is the input and $w_t$ is the additive noise vector. We study gradient based algorithms to learn the system dynamics $\theta$ from samples obtained from a single finite trajectory. If the system is run by a stabilizing input policy, we show that temporally-dependent samples can be approximated by i.i.d. samples via a truncation argument by using mixing-time arguments. We then develop new guarantees for the uniform convergence of the gradients of empirical loss. Unlike existing work, our bounds are noise sensitive which allows for learning ground-truth dynamics with high accuracy and small sample complexity. Together, our results facilitate efficient learning of the general nonlinear system under stabilizing policy. We specialize our guarantees to entry-wise nonlinear activations and verify our theory in various numerical experiments
A Future Vision

Nearly a decade ago many echoed David Gaba’s predictions about the future of healthcare simulation: it would either be embraced, embedded, and extensively applied, or it would fail to meet expectations or improve patient outcomes and fall into obscurity. Today it is clear which path simulation has taken (even this textbook is a testament to that), and we ask now, just how far and how widely healthcare simulation will spread and what its real impact will be. As editors, it has become apparent, having read each chapter in this book, that the application of simulation in the healthcare industry is limitless, and therefore, its impact cannot be overstated. With the assistance of many of the authors of this text, we frame this brief chapter as a future vision of simulation, contemplating the extent to which simulation will grow.
Transverse energy (ET) distributions at mid-rapidity in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV and implications for particle production models☆

Abstract Measurements of the mid-rapidity transverse energy distribution d E T / d η are presented for p + p , d + Au , and Au+Au collisions at s NN = 62.4 – 200 GeV . The E T distributions are compared with the number of participants, N part , the number of constituent-quark participants, N qp , and the number of color-strings (Additive Quark Model — AQM) calculated from a Glauber model. For Au+Au, 〈 d E T / d η 〉 / ( 0.5 N part ) increases with N part , while 〈 d E T / d η 〉 / N qp is approximately constant vs. centrality for s NN ≥ 62.4 GeV . This indicates that the two component ansatz, d E T AA / d η = ( d E T pp / d η ) [ ( 1 − x ) N part / 2 + x N coll ] , which has been used to represent E T distributions, is simply a proxy for N qp , and that the N coll term does not represent a hard-scattering component in E T distributions. The d E T / d η distributions of d + Au , and Au+Au are calculated from the measured p + p E T distribution using two models (AQM and N qp ) that both reproduce the Au+Au data. For the asymmetric d + Au system, the N qp model reproduces the data while the AQM does not.
Facial fractures and associated injuries in high- versus low-energy trauma: all are not created equal

Facial fractures (FFs) occur after high- and low-energy trauma; differences in associated injuries and outcomes have not been well articulated. To compare the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of patients suffering FFs from high-energy and low-energy mechanisms. We conducted a 6-year retrospective local trauma registry analysis of adults aged 18–55 years old that suffered a FF treated at the Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital. Fracture patterns, concomitant injuries, procedures, and outcomes were compared between patients that suffered a high-energy mechanism (HEM: motor vehicle crash, bicycle crash, auto versus pedestrian, falls from height > 20 feet) and those that suffered a low-energy mechanism (LEM: assault, ground-level falls) of injury. FFs occurred in 123 patients, 25 from an HEM and 98 from an LEM. Rates of Le Fort (HEM 12% vs. LEM 3%, P = 0.10), mandible (HEM 20% vs. LEM 38%, P = 0.11), midface (HEM 84% vs. LEM 67%, P = 0.14), and upper face (HEM 24% vs. LEM 13%, P = 0.217) fractures did not significantly differ between the HEM and LEM groups, nor did facial operative rates (HEM 28% vs. LEM 40%, P = 0.36). FFs after an HEM event were associated with increased Injury Severity Scores (HEM 16.8 vs. LEM 7.5, P <0.001), ICU admittance (HEM 60% vs. LEM 13.3%, P <0.001), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (HEM 52% vs. LEM 15%, P <0.001), cervical spine fractures (HEM 12% vs. LEM 0%, P = 0.008), truncal/lower extremity injuries (HEM 60% vs. LEM 6%, P <0.001), neurosurgical procedures for the management of ICH (HEM 54% vs. LEM 36%, P = 0.003), and decreased Glasgow Coma Score on arrival (HEM 11.7 vs. LEM 14.2, P <0.001). FFs after HEM events were associated with severe and multifocal injuries. FFs after LEM events were associated with ICH, concussions, and cervical spine fractures. Mechanism-based screening strategies will allow for the appropriate detection and management of injuries that occur concomitant to FFs. Retrospective cohort study. Level III.
A case report of absolute thrombocytopenia with ticagrelor.

Background We report a rare case of absolute thrombocytopenia with ticagrelor after 6 h of single loading dose of ticagrelor. Case summary A 68-year-old male with ischaemic cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia presented with chest pain. He was found to be in new-onset atrial flutter and ruled in for a non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. An echocardiogram showed decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, estimated at 15-20% and serum troponin peaked at 0.2 ng/dL, baseline platelet count was 203 × 103/µL. He underwent a drug-eluting stent placement to the right coronary artery with excellent angiographic results. He received 3000 units of unfractionated heparin and 180 mg of ticagrelor during the procedure. About 6 h after the procedure, he had coffee ground emesis. A complete blood count revealed a platelet count of 2 × 103 and 0 × 103/µL on repeat testing. Peripheral smear did not show any evidence of platelet clumping and schistocytes, serum haptoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase were normal. Ticagrelor and heparin were discontinued, while the aspirin was continued. Five units of platelet were transfused. The platelet count improved to 200 × 103/µL. Since his CHADS2VASC score was 3, he was discharged on apixaban and clopidogrel in addition to other medication. No thrombocytopenia was seen on outpatient follow-up. Discussion The common side effects of ticagrelor include bleeding, dyspnoea, gynaecomastia, and rarely thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Although extremely rare, absolute or profound thrombocytopenia can occur with ticagrelor, hours after administration and should be considered when other potential causes of thrombocytopenia have been ruled out.
Real Time Adaptive Networking using Programmable 100Gbps NIC on Data Transfer Nodes

High bandwidth, low latency modern-day applications are extremely sensitive to variations in network parameters. In-band Network Telemetry (INT) can help in extracting forwarding plane dynamics of the network element and characterize the service path to make preemptive service modifications. In this demonstration, we showcase a programmable telemetry framework via FPGA based NICs installed in e-science Data Transfer Nodes (DTN) operating over Ciena's Research Network Innovation Platform (CENI). We demonstrate the benefits of this framework in accelerating fault localization mechanisms and implementing corrective actions, in a closed loop with Software Defined Network (SDN) Orchestrators.
Variation and efficiency of high-frequency betas

Abstract This paper studies the efficient estimation of betas from high-frequency return data on a fixed time interval. Under an assumption of equal diffusive and jump betas, we derive the semiparametric efficiency bound for estimating the common beta and develop an adaptive estimator that attains the efficiency bound. We further propose a Hausman type test for deciding whether the common beta assumption is true from the high-frequency data. In our empirical analysis we provide examples of stocks and time periods for which a common market beta assumption appears true and ones for which this is not the case. We further quantify empirically the gains from the efficient common beta estimation developed in the paper.
Amniotic membrane graft in a recurrent re-fusing temporal tarsorrhaphy: a case report.

Amniotic membrane grafts (AMGs) are commonly used to treat a variety of ophthalmologic conditions. Complications exist with permanent tarsorrhaphies, including the risk of re-fusion following tarso...
A Preliminary Study on the Formation Mechanism of Microcracks in Dry-type Air-core Shunt Reactors

As an important reactive power compensation equipment in power system, dry-type air-core shunt reactor is widely used in power grid because of its low cost and small maintenance. In operation, the failure rate and defect rate are relatively high. One of the typical failures is that the interturn insulation fault finally causes the fire. It is found that the cracks in the operation of dry reactor are one of the main causes of insulation failure. In this paper, through theoretical analysis and experimental research, the mechanism of microcracks in dry-type air-core reactor is preliminarily explored, and some of the causes of cracks are experimentally studied. The effects of main material characteristics and temperature conditions on cracks of dry-type air-core reactor are given. The low temperature environment has a great influence on the mechanical properties of the dry-type air-core reactor winding, which mainly shows that the overall stress of winding increases with the decrease of temperature, and the stress on each encapsulated winding is also unevenly distributed; however, the bonding performance of the encapsulated material and the conductor decreases obviously with the decrease of temperature. When the reactor is switched in low temperature and cold state for many times, under the combined action of two factors, it is possible to crack the enveloping insulation at the place with the largest winding stress, make the external moisture intrude, and cause partial discharge. After a long time of cumulative effect, the local turn-to-turn fault is finally formed, which leads to equipment accidents.
Predicting presumed serious infection among hospitalized children on central venous lines with machine learning.

Abstract Background Presumed serious infection (PSI) is defined as a blood culture drawn and new antibiotic course of at least 4 days among pediatric patients with Central Venous Lines (CVLs). Early PSI prediction and use of medical interventions can prevent adverse outcomes and improve the quality of care. Methods Clinical features including demographics, laboratory results, vital signs, characteristics of the CVLs and medications used were extracted retrospectively from electronic medical records. Data were aggregated across all hospitals within a single pediatric health system and used to train machine learning models (XGBoost and ElasticNet) to predict the occurrence of PSI 8 h prior to clinical suspicion. Prediction for PSI was benchmarked against PRISM-III. Results Our model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.84 (95% CI = [0.82, 0.85]), sensitivity of 0.73 [0.69, 0.74], and positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.36 [0.34, 0.36]. The PRISM-III conversely achieved a lower sensitivity of 0.19 [0.16, 0.22] and PPV of 0.30 [0.26, 0.34] at a cut-off of ≥ 10. The features with the most impact on the PSI prediction were maximum diastolic blood pressure prior to PSI prediction (mean SHAP = 3.4), height (mean SHAP = 3.2), and maximum temperature prior to PSI prediction (mean SHAP = 2.6). Conclusion A machine learning model using common features in the electronic medical records can predict the onset of serious infections in children with central venous lines at least 8 h prior to when a clinical team drew a blood culture.
Plan B for Eliminating Mode Confusion: An Interpreter Display

For more than three decades, aviation human factor researchers have analyzed the autoflight system interface (autopilot, autothrottle, flight management system) and articulated its flaws; the desig...
PCaDB - a comprehensive and interactive database for transcriptomes from prostate cancer population cohorts

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease with highly variable clinical outcomes which presents enormous challenges in the clinical management. A vast amount of transcriptomics data from large PCa cohorts have been generated, providing extraordinary opportunities for the comprehensive molecular characterization of the PCa disease and development of prognostic signatures to accurately predict the risk of PCa recurrence. The lack of an inclusive collection and standard processing of the public transcriptomics datasets constrains the extensive use of the valuable resources. In this study, we present a user-friendly database, PCaDB, for a comprehensive and interactive analysis and visualization of gene expression profiles from 50 public transcriptomics datasets with 7,231 samples. PCaDB also includes a single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) dataset for normal human prostates and 30 published PCa prognostic signatures. The advanced analytical methods equipped in PCaDB would greatly facilitate data mining to understand the heterogeneity of PCa and to develop prognostic signatures and machine learning models for PCa prognosis. PCaDB is publicly available at http://bioinfo.jialab-ucr.org/PCaDB/.
Parting Ways or Rival Siblings? A Review and Analysis of Metaphors for the Separation of Jews and Christians in Antiquity:

Since the early 1990s, ‘the parting of the ways’ has become academic shorthand, especially in anglophone scholarship, for the separation of Jews and Christians in antiquity. Often it is associated ...
Training Deep Neural Networks with Joint Quantization and Pruning of Weights and Activations.

Quantization and pruning are core techniques used to reduce the inference costs of deep neural networks. State-of-the-art quantization techniques are currently applied to both the weights and activations; however, pruning is most often applied to only the weights of the network. In this work, we jointly apply novel uniform quantization and unstructured pruning methods to both the weights and activations of deep neural networks during training. Using our methods, we empirically evaluate the currently accepted prune-then-quantize paradigm across a wide range of computer vision tasks and observe a non-commutative nature when applied to both the weights and activations of deep neural networks. Informed by these observations, we articulate the non-commutativity hypothesis: for a given deep neural network being trained for a specific task, there exists an exact training schedule in which quantization and pruning can be introduced to optimize network performance. We identify that this optimal ordering not only exists, but also varies across discriminative and generative tasks. Using the optimal training schedule within our training framework, we demonstrate increased performance per memory footprint over existing solutions.
Thermal Diffusivity of HNS High Explosive

This paper reports results of a study in which the variances of thermal diffusivity and conductivity of HNS high explosive with temperature, fabrication compaction pressure, sample source, and thermal cycling were measured. The technique used was a modified flash method in which the unknown sample is sandwiched between two layers of known properties with the appropriate analysis used for data reduction.
The thermal and electron-induced chemistry of N2OAg(111)

The thermal and electron-induced chemistry of N2O on Ag(111) was examined using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). N2O adsorbs and desorbs molecularly with multilayer and monolayer desorption temperatures of 86 and 94–102 K, respectively. No thermal decomposition was observed. Irradiation with 50 and 2500 eV electrons at 83 K causes partial decomposition of multilayers; N2 desorbs during irradiation, and O2 desorption, at 530 K, is observed in post-irradiation TPD. Only O and Ag are detected by AES after flashing irradiated samples to 500 K; O disappears above 700 K. Incident and secondary electrons can account for the observed surface chemistry and the latter can account for reported N2O decomposition in X-ray photoelectron measurements. For monolayer coverages, irradiated with 50 eV electrons, there is no dissociation, an effect attributed to substrate quenching.