cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Minimizing Compositions of Functions Using Proximity Algorithms with Application in Image Deblurring

We consider minimization of functions that are compositions of functions having closed-form proximity operators with linear transforms. A wide range of image processing problems including image deblurring can be formulated in this way. We develop proximity algorithms based on the fixed point characterization of the solution to the minimization problems . We further refine the proposed algorithms when the outer functions of the composed objective functions are separable. The convergence analysis of the developed algorithms is established. Numerical experiments in comparison with the well-known Chambolle-Pock algorithm and Zhang-Burger-Osher scheme for image deblurring are given to demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are efficient and robust.
Lead (Pb) exposure promotes diabetes in obese rodents.

Abstract Background Pb (lead) exposure occurs at elevated frequency in urban inner city populations that also have high rates of obesity and diabetes. Objectives To determine if Pb can promote the development of diabetes in a setting of obesity, we examined the effect of Pb exposure on glucose metabolism in a rodent model of obesity. Methods Adult female ZDF rats were exposed to Pb in drinking water for 24 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, and glucose tolerance were measured at regular intervals. Expression of hepatic gluconeogenic genes was measured in exposed and control animals and in cultured hepatoma cells treated with Pb. Results Pb exposure induced fasting hyperglycemia after 8 weeks and glucose intolerance after 12 weeks of exposure. In addition, Pb-exposed animals showed elevated hepatic triglyceride levels and increased expression of the gluconeogenic genes PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase. In cultured rat hepatoma cells treatment with Pb stimulated PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression, suggesting a possible direct effect of Pb on hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression. Conclusions In the setting of obesity, Pb exposure is prodiabetic, causing fasting hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in rats. A contributing factor to the metabolic effects of Pb may be the direct stimulation of hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression.
Adult expression of PGC-1α and -1β in skeletal muscle is not required for endurance exercise-induced enhancement of exercise capacity

Exercise has been shown to be the best intervention in the treatment of many diseases. Many of the benefits of exercise are mediated by adaptions induced in skeletal muscle. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family of transcriptional coactivators has emerged as being key mediators of the exercise response and is considered to be essential for many of the adaptions seen in skeletal muscle. However, the contribution of the PGC-1s in skeletal muscle has been evaluated by the use of either whole body or congenital skeletal muscle-specific deletion. In these models, PGC-1s were never present, thereby opening the possibility to developmental compensation. Therefore, we generated an inducible muscle-specific deletion of PGC-1α and -1β (iMyo-PGC-1DKO), in which both PGC-1α and -β can be deleted specifically in adult skeletal muscle. These iMyo-PGC-1DKO animals were used to assess the role of both PGC-1α and -1β in adult skeletal muscle and their contribution to the exercise training response. Untrained iMyo-PGC-1DKO animals exhibited a time-dependent decrease in exercise performance 8 wk postdeletion, similar to what was observed in the congenital muscle-specific PGC-1DKOs. However, after 4 wk of voluntary training, the iMyo-PGC-1DKOs exhibited an increase in exercise performance with a similar adaptive response compared with control animals. This increase was associated with an increase in electron transport complex (ETC) expression and activity in the absence of PGC-1α and -1β expression. Taken together these data suggest that PGC-1α and -1β expression are not required for training-induced exercise performance, highlighting the contribution of PGC-1-independent mechanisms.
The NOAA Atmospheric Modification Program--A 1995 Update

NOAA’sAtmospheric Modification Program owes its origins to the WeatherModification Advisory Board Report (1978), that was commissioned by the Secretary of Commerce.One of the key recommendationsof that interdisciplinary panel report was the establishment of a new, vigorous research program by NOAA,which was layered on top of somepre-existing operational cloud seeding programs in the States. Concurrently, the water managementcommunity with in some of the States organized to seek Congressional support for their atmosphericmodification efforts. These actions resultexl in the formationof the "Federal/State Cooperative Programin Weather Modification Research’, now termed the Atmospheric Modification Program (AMP) reflect the inclusion of research on inadvertent weather modification and climatic change impacts. The AMPis carried forward in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, by renewable two-year cooperative agreements with the six memberstates: Arizona, Utah, Nevada, North Dakota, Illinois, and Texas. Weshould emphasize that the AMPProgramsupports a large fraction of the cutting-edge research in cloud physics and associated laboratory and field measurementsin the U.S. The status of the program through 1991 was reported by Reinking (1992). Anexcellent review progress in planned weather modification between 1991-1994will soon be published by Czys (1995).
Prevalence of vomiting in dogs with pericardial effusion.

Background Pericardial effusion (PE) is common in dogs. Clinical signs may be vague until cardiac tamponade and associated cardiovascular decompensation develops. Vomiting has previously been identified in some dogs, but the actual prevalence of vomiting in dogs with PE is unknown. The purpose of this study is to report the prevalence of vomiting associated with PE, and to determine if vomiting is associated with the underlying cause of effusion, presenting plasma lactate concentration, or volume of PE removed. Key Findings The medical records of 49 dogs diagnosed with PE were restrospectively reviewed. Data collected from the medical record included signalment, the presence or absence of vomiting, presenting plasma lactate concentration, and the etiology of the PE. Twenty-five of 49 dogs (51%) identified with PE had recently vomited. Vomiting was more common in dogs with presenting plasma lactate concentration > 5.0 mmol/L (P = 0.02) but was unrelated to the specific etiology of the PE. The volume of PE obtained via pericardiocentesis did not differ (P = 0.79) between dogs with (8.7 ± 3.4 mL/kg) and without historical vomiting (9.1 ± 4.3 mL/kg). Significance Vomiting is common in dogs with PE, and in particular, dogs with evidence of hypoperfusion. Pericardial effusion should be included as a differential diagnosis in dogs with a history of vomiting that present with weakness or collapse.
QT prolongation is associated with increased mortality in end stage liver disease

AIM To determine the prevalence of QT prolongation in a large series of end stage liver disease (ESLD) patients and its association to clinical variables and mortality. METHODS The QT interval was measured and corrected for heart rate for each patient, with a prolonged QT cutoff defined as QT > 450 ms for males and QT > 470 ms for females. Multiple clinical variables were evaluated including sex, age, serum sodium, international normalized ratio, creatinine, total bilirubin, beta-blocker use, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), MELD-Na, and etiology of liver disease. RESULTS Among 406 ESLD patients analyzed, 207 (51.0%) had QT prolongation. The only clinical variable associated with QT prolongation was male gender (OR = 3.04, 95%CI: 2.01-4.60, P < 0.001). During the study period, 187 patients (46.1%) died. QT prolongation was a significant independent predictor of mortality (OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.03-2.77, P = 0.039). In addition, mortality was also associated with viral etiology of ESLD, elevated MELD score and its components (P < 0.05 for all). No significant reversibility in the QT interval was seen after liver transplantation. CONCLUSION QT prolongation was commonly encountered in an ESLD population, especially in males, and served as a strong independent marker for increased mortality in ESLD patients.
Una Gabacha Sinvergüenza (A Shameless White‐Trash Woman): Moral Mobility and Interdiscursivity in a Mexican Migrant Community

This article explores a process that typifies social worlds during late-capitalist globalization: people's lives regularly involve the negotiation of conflicting visions of ethico-moral life. Such negotiations require people to reckon with complex social differentiation, wherein the boundaries between “good” and “bad” are overlapping, contradictory, and ever shifting. In the face of such complexity, we need ways to understand the assemblages that emerge as actors construct ethico-moral people and collectivities inside acts of reckoning. A crucial activity highlighted in assembly is reflexivity: the ability to step outside of and critically evaluate unfolding events and one's place(s) in them. Existing scholarship spotlights the importance of conscious moments of reflection. In this article, I highlight a different source of reflexivity: the implicit forms of positioning and critique entailed in language practices. My central claim is that the production of ethico-moral assemblages relies fundamentally on a form of linguistic reflexivity called interdiscursivity, through which actors lay claim to and can be read as possessing multiple, overlapping, and potentially contradictory forms of ethico-moral personhood. I show that the construction of “proper Mexicanness” unfurls in relationship with imagined foils of immoral US personhood, producing hierarchical distinctions that are raced, classed, and gendered. [migration, morality, ethics, interdiscursivity, assemblages]
The Pleistocene–Holocene Transition in Cantabrian Spain: current reflections on culture change

This contribution reviews the evidence for technological continuity and change (both gradual and abrupt) among the classic Magdalenian, Azilian, Asturian and non-coastal Mesolithic culture-adaptive traditions against the backdrop of environmental change across the Pleistocene–Holocene (i.e. Bolling–Boreal) transition in Cantabrian Spain. It explores the interacting, non-exclusive roles of environment, demography, subsistence and ‘tradition’ or historical contingency in explaining both inertia and change in the cultural records (including settlement, mobility, artistic activity and even world-view or ideology) observed by archeologists in this long-occupied, southerly wing of the classic Franco-Cantabrian culture area.
An economic analysis of integrated crop-livestock systems in Iowa, U.S.A.

Abstract Diversified cropping systems integrated with livestock production can provide substantial soil conservation and water quality benefits, yet farmers in the U.S. Corn Belt have shifted toward greater specialization of farming systems in recent decades. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of re-integrating crops and livestock in farming systems of the U.S. Corn Belt. Using data on farming practices and yields from a long-term cropping systems experiment, we calculated annual revenue and costs of four farming systems–a simple corn-soybean rotation with and without cattle (2-yr cash and 2-yr integrated, respectively) and a diversified corn-soybean-oat/alfalfa-alfalfa rotation with and without cattle (4-yr cash and 4-yr integrated, respectively). Our analysis was conducted for a 405-ha parcel in central Iowa over the period of 2008 to 2015. To maximize the use of harvested crops, cattle enterprises differed for the 2- and 4-yr rotations: yearlings were finished using a diet of mostly concentrate feeds for the 2-yr integrated system and calves were backgrounded and finished using a diet of forages and concentrates for the 4-yr integrated system. We found that mean annual returns to land and management were similar among all four farming systems ($790 ha− 1 averaged across the four systems). The integrated systems exhibited greater variability among years in returns to land and management than the cash systems. In addition, total costs excluding land and management were four- to nine-fold greater for the integrated crop-livestock systems than for the cash crop systems. Labor requirements increased with crop rotation diversification by 59% (4-yr cash vs. 2-yr cash) and with integration of cattle by 217% (2-yr integrated vs. 2-yr cash) or 232% (4-yr integrated vs. 2-yr cash). We concluded that diversified crop rotations with or without cattle are profitable farming systems in Iowa, but require greater capital and labor inputs than the dominant 2-yr cash grain system.
Epilogue: The Dialectic of Empire

The Epilogue to the book addresses the question of what we can profitably learn from Hegel in a global era, and the potential of his dialectic and his historical scheme to help us understand and articulate some of the salient dilemmas of our own day. A wide range of scholars, including Vincent Descombes and Robert Young, have recognized that Hegel’s dialectic is central to the fierce debates that are still raging within postcolonial and global studies—concerning historiography, the nature of globalization, and the idea of universality. Throughout the preceding chapters, Hegel’s dialectic has emerged as a dialectic of appropriation but also a dialectic of recognition. The book concludes by outlining how this dual nature of the dialectic might serve as a framework for understanding these debates, which revolve around: the idea of history, the connection between universal and particular in historiography, the Hegelian dialectic as an embodiment of colonial thinking, the notion of identity, and the concept of recognition.
Determination of chocolate melting properties by capacitance based thermal analysis (CTA)

In this study, a capacitance thermal analyzer (CTA) was designed and tested for measuring the melting properties of chocolates, and compared with those measured by DSC and dynamic rheology. Chocolates with different fat content and particle size distribution (PSD) were placed between stainless steel plates, while capacitance and temperature were monitored between 20 and 60 °C. The PSD did not influence the Tonset (~ 25 °C) and Tpeak (33 °C) measured by DSC. However, samples with finer particles had lower Tend than those with coarser particles (36.59–37.28 °C). Varying fat content did not result in differences in the DSC melting curves. Samples with smaller particle sizes had lower temperatures at peak capacitance than those with larger particles, with peak temperatures ranging from 30.8 to 39.3 °C, while higher peak capacitance values (2.61–2.84 10− 11 F) were measured by CTA. Samples with higher fat content had lower peak temperatures (range 34.7–39.71 °C) but higher peak capacitance values (range 3.29–4.3 10− 11F). Values from the CTA were best correlated with results determined by dynamic thermal rheometry.
Treatment patterns, health care resource utilization, and costs in Japanese adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder treated with atomoxetine.

Objective To describe the characteristics and medication treatment patterns of adult patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prescribed atomoxetine in Japan. Materials and methods A retrospective analysis of insurance claims data was conducted using the Japan Medical Data Center database. Adults (≥18 years) with ADHD who had ≥1 atomoxetine claim from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2014, and ≥180 to ≤900 days of follow-up were included. First atomoxetine claim defined the index date. Patient characteristics included age, gender, and comorbid conditions. Treatment patterns assessed included rates of atomoxetine discontinuation, switching, persistence, adherence (assessed via the medication possession ratio), and use of concomitant medications. Results A total of 457 adults met all the inclusion criteria. Mean (SD) age was 32.7 (10.4) years, and 61.0% of patients were male. Nearly 72.0% of the patients had at least one comorbid mental health condition in the baseline period; depression (43.8%) and insomnia (40.7%) were the most common mental health comorbidities. Most common physical comorbidities were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (14.4%) and diabetes (12.9%). Non-ADHD-specific psychotropics were prescribed to 59.7% of patients during the baseline period and to 65.9% during the follow-up period; 6.6% were prescribed non-ADHD-specific psychotropics concomitantly with atomoxetine. Overall, 40.0% of adults discontinued atomoxetine during the entire follow-up period and 65.9% were persistent with atomoxetine therapy at 3 months post-index date. Mean (SD) atomoxetine medication possession ratio was 0.57 (0.25), and 25.4% switched to an alternative ADHD therapy; methylphenidate (22.4%) and non-ADHD-specific psychotropics (77.6%) were the most common medication alternatives. Nearly 8% augmented atomoxetine with methylphenidates, non-stimulants, or non-ADHD-specific psychotropics. Conclusion In this observational study, a majority of adults with ADHD treated with atomoxetine were still persistent with therapy at 3 months post-index date, with one quarter switching to alternative ADHD therapy. High proportions of mental health comorbidities, along with high use of non-ADHD-specific psychotropic medications in both the baseline and follow-up periods, were observed among patients with ADHD prescribed atomoxetine.
CdSe(Te)/CdS/CdSe Rods Versus CdTe/CdS/CdSe Spheres: Morphology-Dependent Carrier Dynamics for Photon Upconversion

Colloidal quantum dot (QD) hybrid nanostructures have been shown to upconvert two low-energy photons into one high-energy photon and have wide ranging applications, including in photovoltaics, where additional current in the solar cell can be generated from the absorption of upconverted light emitted from the nanostructures. Both double QDs (via nanorod formation) and quantum dot-quantum well structures have been studied previously, but there has been no systematic study of the dependence of carrier dynamics on nanostructure morphology. Here, we synthesize both core/multishell colloidal QD and core/rod complexes and use steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence to elucidate carrier separation and transfer dynamics. Understanding these dynamics provides important information for optimizing the nanostructure morphology to create more efficient photon upconversion and, thus, enhance net solar conversion efficiencies.
ProvCaRe: Characterizing scientific reproducibility of biomedical research studies using semantic provenance metadata.

Abstract Objective Reproducibility of research studies is key to advancing biomedical science by building on sound results and reducing inconsistencies between published results and study data. We propose that the available data from research studies combined with provenance metadata provide a framework for evaluating scientific reproducibility. We developed the ProvCaRe platform to model, extract, and query semantic provenance information from 435, 248 published articles. Methods The ProvCaRe platform consists of: (1) the S3 model and a formal ontology; (2) a provenance-focused text processing workflow to generate provenance triples consisting of subject, predicate, and object using metadata extracted from articles; and (3) the ProvCaRe knowledge repository that supports “provenance-aware” hypothesis-driven search queries. A new provenance-based ranking algorithm is used to rank the articles in the search query results. Results The ProvCaRe knowledge repository contains 48.9 million provenance triples. Seven research hypotheses were used as search queries for evaluation and the resulting provenance triples were analyzed using five categories of provenance terms. The highest number of terms (34%) described provenance related to population cohort followed by 29% of terms describing statistical data analysis methods, and only 5% of the terms described the measurement instruments used in a study. In addition, the analysis showed that some articles included a higher number of provenance terms across multiple provenance categories suggesting a higher potential for reproducibility of these research studies. Conclusion The ProvCaRe knowledge repository ( https://provcare.case.edu/ ) is one of the largest provenance resources for biomedical research studies that combines intuitive search functionality with a new provenance-based ranking feature to list articles related to a search query.
The Role of Proactive and Reactive Corporate Social Responsibility as an Extrinsic Cue in Mitigating Consumers’ Privacy Concerns: An Abstract

Data breaches have resulted in massive corporate and consumer losses. According to the Breach Level Index, 1.9 billion data records were compromised worldwide during the first half of 2017 due to 918 data breaches. Both businesses and consumers have incurred massive losses from companies’ inadequate privacy protection measures. Cases of data and information use infringement have resulted in reduced consumers’ confidence in the data security measures that most companies provide. Information privacy is one of the most essential issues facing managers (Mason 1986; Safire 2002), and if a firm is not careful, it might face the repercussion for overstepping the bounds of expected information practices (Awad and Krishnan 2006).
Implementing a Project-Based, Applied Deep Learning Course

Deep Learning is having a significant impact on disciplines ranging from autonomous vehicles to medical imaging. As one component of a Data Science focus in a Masters degree in Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, as well as supporting the Computer Science B.S. degree at the senior level, the department created a topics course in Applied Deep Learning. This work describes the course, its institutional context, and highlights its first deployment. Particular emphasis is placed on the supporting infrastructure and lessons learned from its deployment.
Reye's syndrome

This chapter discusses the epidemiology, clinical features, pathology, and diagnosis of Reye's syndrome. Reye's syndrome is an acute sporadic encephalopathy occurring in association with acute liver dysfunction. Reye's syndrome is a clinically useful aggregate of symptoms, signs, and laboratory findings. Suspicion of the syndrome should prompt immediate measures to control cerebral edema and to minimize metabolic abnormalities which aggravate the primary pathology. Classic cases are most effectively treated if recognized in the early stages. Reye's syndrome occurs predominantly in children aged 6 months to 5 years; however it has been reported at ages ranging from 4 days to 29 years. The clinical features are usually dominated by pernicious vomiting and disturbed consciousness—the main signs of encephalopathy. In some instances perfuse and persistent vomiting is the first feature. It may be associated or rapidly followed by neurological changes. Rarely there may be no vomiting. The severity and rate of progress of the encephalopathy vary greatly. The initial neurological abnormality may be a quiet, withdrawn state with disinterest in play and normal activities. Therapy in Reye's syndrome is aimed at preventing, minimizing, and correcting identified metabolic abnormalities and at controlling increased intracranial pressure. Details of therapy must be modified depending on clinical assessment, including the grade of encephalopathy and laboratory findings. It is essential that treatment be instituted before irreversible brain damage occurs.
Channel hot carrier induced volatile oxide traps responsible for random telegraph signals in submicron pMOSFETs

Abstract The effect of channel hot carrier stress has been investigated in pMOSFETs with respect to channel hole trapping by the gate oxide traps and the resultant Random Telegraph Signals (RTS) observed at the output. Process- and stress- induced oxide traps have been identified through RTS measurements. These traps are believed to be E′ centers, acting as hole-attractive or repulsive centers, causing RTS through correlated carrier number and mobility fluctuations. Generation of E′ centers as well as activation of the passivated oxide defects as a result of stress are thought to be the reasons behind observing the stress-induced RTS. Two of the observed defects: one process-induced and one stress-induced trap have disappeared and reappeared randomly with stress. We report the reaction of the defects with hydrogen to be responsible for the volatile nature of the traps. Hydrogen is either bound to the Si/SiO2 interface or trapped at the oxide defects. Applying the stress releases these hydrogen species, which then drift towards the gate through the oxide layer and react with the oxide defects to passivate them. Reaction with another hydrogen de-passivates the defect releasing H2. This is the first article that reports hydrogen to deactivate and reactivate oxide traps responsible for RTS.
A New Three-Level Active Neutral-Point-Clamped (A-NPC) Multilevel Converter Topology

This paper proposes a new three-level active neutral-point-clamped (A-NPC) converter topology. The classic three-level A-NPC converter's phase-leg (per-phase) comprises the four line-frequency (LF) and two full-cycle-switched high-frequency (HF) pulse-width-modulation (PWM) power switches such as the insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). The phase-leg of the proposed A-NPC topology is realized utilizing four half-cycle-switched HF-PWM and two LF IGBTs. The LF-IGBTs within the proposed three-level A-NPC configuration are gated ON excluding the application of any dead-time, and maintained turned-on concurrently during the commutation of the LF switches for generating the intermediate voltage-level of zero. This overlap of the gating pulses throughout the voltage-level transition provides the soft-commutation and shoot-through condition for LF IGBTs, and makes these power switch devices to be turned-on simultaneously that increases the efficiency. The experimental results are provided to compare the switching characteristics of both classic and the proposed A-NPC converter topologies.
Cheirolepidiaceous diversity: an anatomically preserved pollen cone from the Lower Jurassic of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica.

Abstract To date, the vast majority of fossils described for the extinct conifer family, the Cheirolepidiaceae, have been reported from compression/impressions primarily from Cretaceous rocks; there are fewer reports from permineralizations and the Jurassic. New specimens have recently been discovered in siliceous blocks composed of fusainized layers of plant remains that alternate with fine-grained sediments from the Carapace Nunatak (Lower Jurassic) locality of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Specimens were prepared using standard serial cellulose-acetate peel technique, transmitted-light microscopy, and SEM analysis. The cones are ellipsoidal, up to 5.5 mm long, and consist of helically arranged microsporophylls, each with a slender stalk containing a single vascular bundle; the distal lamina is peltate and most closely resembles those of the Classostrobus. Four to seven pollen sacs are arranged in an annular cluster abaxial to the sporophyll stalk. In situ Classopollis pollen ranges from 18 to 60 μm in equatorial diameter with an average diameter of 30 μm. In addition to these well-preserved pollen cones there is a large diversity of vegetative conifer remains within the Carapace Nunatak material including leaf and stem fragments. The discovery of the pollen cones in combination with vegetative remains provides additional information on the reproductive biology of the Cheirolepidiaceae and increases the probability of developing a whole-plant concept for this Jurassic permineralized conifer.
3D Electromagnetic Reconfiguration Enabled by Soft Continuum Robots

The properties of radio frequency electromagnetic systems can be manipulated by changing the 3D geometry of the system. Most reconfiguration schemes specify different conductive pathways using electrical switches in mechanically static systems, or they actuate and reshape a continuous metallic structure. Here, we demonstrate a novel strategy that utilizes soft continuum robots to both dynamically assemble electrical pathways and mechanically reconfigure 3D electromagnetic devices. Our concept consists of using soft robotic actuation to conductively connect multiple subwavelength-scale metallic building blocks, which form into electromagnetic structures when joined together. Soft robots offer an exciting avenue for electromagnetic device construction because they can form complex, high curvature shapes from low-loss dielectric materials using straightforward manufacturing methods. As a proof of concept, we experimentally implement a helical antenna that can switch chirality through tendon actuation of a soft pneumatic continuum robot. Our work introduces a new paradigm for electromagnetic reconfiguration using soft robotic platforms.
Modal Realism is a Newcomb Problem

Some philosophers worry that if modal realism is true, you have no reason to prevent evils. For if you prevent an evil, you’ll have a counterpart somewhere that allows a similar evil. And if you refrain, your counterpart will end up preventing the relevant evil. Either way one evil is prevented and one is allowed. Your act makes no difference. I argue that this is mistaken. If modal realism is true, you are in a variant of Newcomb’s Problem. And if Lewis’ view about Newcomb’s Problem is true, then your act does make a difference and you should prevent the evil.
The Influence of Intuitive Eating on Weight Satisfaction in College Students

Objectives The objective was to examine the relationship between intuitive eating behavior and weight satisfaction in college students.
Plant biology: Nectar bacteria grow by germinating and bursting pollen.

Microbial residents of floral nectar must survive in a carbohydrate-rich yet seemingly nitrogen-poor environment. A new study shows that Acinetobacter spp., common nectar-inhabiting bacteria, differentially induce the pollen commonly found in nectar to germinate and burst, releasing nutrients for microbial growth.
Keynes’s Labor Market: A Reply

Professor Tuchscherer (1984) offers a number of comments on my interpretation of Keynes's labor market, but the main points of his criticism concern three issues. First is the labor supply function. Second is the meaning of involuntary unemployment. Third is the determination of money wages. If differences on these three points can be reduced, other comments loosely scattered through his text and footnotes will not be major barriers to understanding, so I shall confine my response to these issues. Unlike Tuchscherer, I do not see all of these issues as resolvable within the labor sub-system, so I reproduce the principal equations used in my interpretation of Keynes's general equilibrium theory. The output market and money market equations are summarized in two equilibrium relations, the IS and LM equations. These equations are, as I have said, as close to conventional as I can make them.
Jewishness, Whiteness, and Blackness on Glee: Singing to the Tune of Postracism

The Fox series Glee, with its self-conscious focus on issues of diversity, is a fitting location to examine ideas about race in a postracial mediascape. Looking at Rachel, who is Jewish, this work explores how the construction of her Jewishness functions to situate her as a disenfranchised ethnic minority with the same status as characters of color, at the same time as it grants her the privileges of whiteness. Examining Mercedes, a black character, the article argues she is only granted access to the privileges of whiteness when whitened. Ironic and self-conscious humor and the trope of the musical number are also integral to the analysis since these frame race issues in a postracial manner, foreclosing possibilities for critical engagement.
Peer mentoring in long-term care: rationale, design, and retention.

Abstract This article describes two successful peer-mentoring programs designed to improve the quality of care in nursing homes and retention rates among direct care staff. The first program, “Growing Strong Roots,” examined CNA retention rates and the second program, “Peer Mentoring for Long Term Charge Nurses,” examined RN and LPN retention rates. These programs include a training component, an on-the-job mentoring component, and reinforcing booster sessions. This article includes content and operational issues, recommendations for further program development and research, and replication information.
Studies in vitro on single beating rat-heart cells: IV. The shift from fat to carbohydrate metabolism in culture

Abstract 1. 1. O 2 uptake by rat-heart cells decreases with time in culture. 2. 2. Primary cells have a respiratory quotient of 0.81, which indicates mainly fat metabolism, while cultured cells have a higher respiratory quotient of 0.96, indicating a shift from fat to carbohydrate metabolism. 3. 3. Both Crabtree and Pasteur effects are established after 1 week in culture, indicating development of a control mechanism centered about glucose metabolism in culture. 4. 4. Glucose and palmitate stimulate O 2 uptake of primary cells but lose their stimulatory abilities when the Crabtree effect appears. Pyruvate stimulates O 2 uptake of both primary and cultured cells to the same extent. 5. 5. Amytal, at a concentration of 1 mM, inhibitsO 2 uptake of primary cells and this inhibition increases with time in culture. In primary cells increased inhibition of O 2 uptake by Amytal is obtained in the presence of glucose, despite the fact that addition of glucose to non-inhibited cells increase O 2 uptake, while addition of palmitate to Amytal-inhibited cells increases O 2 uptake. 6. 6. A possible shift from fat to carbohydrate metabolism in cultured rat-heart cells has been discussed.
Constructing the Narratives of Identity and Power: Self-Imagination in a Young Ukrainian Nation

Introduction Chapter 1 Structure and Functions of National Narrative Chapter 2. The Context of Ukraine Chapter 3. National Narratives of Ukrainian Elite Chapter 4. Impact from Outside: Ukraine in Narratives of International Donors and Experts Chapter 5. The Image of Ukrainian Future Chapter 6. Conclusion: Production of Meaning in National Narratives in Ukraine Bibliography
PRACTICING WHAT IS PREACHED: CONGREGATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO HIV TESTING BEHAVIORS AND HIV DISCUSSIONS AMONG BLACK WOMEN

Through the current analysis, we aimed to better understand the relationship between congregational support and HIV prevention behaviors among a sample of high risk, HIV negative Black women. Participants were 434 Black women who were at high risk for contracting HIV through heterosexual sex. They were recruited from a city in the Mid Atlantic Region. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and Audio-Computer-Assisted Self-Interviews (ACASI). Results revealed three congregational characteristics were important for Black women's comfort level discussing HIV and their likelihood of returning for their HIV test results: feeling loved by their congregation, having ministries that helped people with their problems and feeling listened to by their congregation. Thus, religious congregational support was a significant correlate of Black women's comfort discussing HIV prevention and treatment as well as their motivation to return to get their HIV test results.
Geometric methods for microstructure rendition and atomic characterization of poly- and nano-crystalline materials

Polycrystalline materials of both coarse-grain and nanometer scales have complex topological structures with multi-dimensions, including vertices (zero dimension), triple junction lines (one dimension), interfaces or grain boundaries (two dimensions), and grain volumes (three dimensions). Collectively, they contribute to the properties that make these materials valuable for many applications. However, for both numerical modeling and theoretical analysis, connecting the microstructures quantitatively with the properties remains a challenge, due simply to their complexity and also limitations in direct probing of the microstructures at atomic scales in experiments. Without an accurate description of the microstructures, it is difficult, if not impossible, to determine quantitatively the factors and parameters of microstructures and their contributions to the properties. In this study, we present systematic methods, using a series of geometric constructions, to render microstructures in the polycrystalline m...
Cultural Differences in Hand Rehabilitation

The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast Western hand therapy interventions and practices in Chinese hospitals. For the past 2 years, I have been providing hand therapy in two local Chinese hospitals in the more developed eastern part of China. One hospital is a public traditional Chinese hospital and the other a private hospital that integrates a traditional Chinese medicine approach with international methods. Hand therapists take great pride in our profession and constantly strive to improve clinical skills and seek innovative solutions to complex hand injuries. We are regularly challenged with traumatic injuries that require the use of our expertise, creativity, and problem-solving skills in order to enable clients to re-engage in their life roles and occupations. The opportunity to practice in different cultural settings generates a sense of excitement, adventure, challenges, and drama and requires a deep commitment to the practice of hand rehabilitation.
Adaptive Resource Allocation in a Spatial Spectral Processor

A method for achieving an optimal allocation of fixed computational resources in a spatial/spectral filtering system is developed. Specifically, clock cycles per unit time for a given processor are to be optimally allocated. The system is a cascade of three subsystems: an adaptive beamformer, a bandpass filter, and a spectral whitener. Each subsystem has adjustable parameters which are related to required arithmetic operations. A gradient projection algorithm is used to find a best allocation according to specified criteria. Two simulation examples are presented to show how the algorithm operates and to indicate the kind of improvement that is possible in a system design.
Grade III or Grade IV Hypertensive Retinopathy with Severely Elevated Blood Pressure

Introduction: Hypertensive retinopathy describes a spectrum of retinal changes in patients with elevated blood pressure (BP). It is unknown why some patients are more likely to develop acute ocular end-organ damage than others with similar BP. We examined risk factors for grade III/IV hypertensive retinopathy among patients with hypertensive urgency in the emergency department (ED) and compared healthcare utilization and mortality between patients with and without grade III/IV hypertensive retinopathy.
The ganglion blocking activity of diastereoisomeric dimethylaminobornyl acetates and their methiodides.

Some diastereoisomeric dimethylaminobornyl acetates and their methiodides have been prepared and tested for ganglion blocking activity. Included in these compounds was an enantiomeric pair and associated quaternary salts. These optical antipodes displayed virtually no difference between their actions at the ganglion. Differences between the activities of the least and most potent diastereoisomers was limited to a factor of about five. Assays were made upon the cat superior cervical ganglion and also the guinea-pig vas deferens preparation the successful quantitative use of which is described.
Raman study of ge/si strained layer superlattices grown on different substrate orientations

We present the growth and characterization of Ge/Si strained layer superlattices grown on different substrate orientations. Prior to the growth of the superlattices, a relaxed thick GexSi1-x buffer layer is grown on Si substrate to symmetrize the strain distribution and thus maintain pseudomorphic growth of the superlattices. The effective Ge fraction x is used to define the degree of interface mixing of these superlattices. It is found that for samples grown on the same orientaion, the degree of interface mixing is higher for samples with smaller period lengths. The samples grown on (110) and (111) substrates also have a higher degree of interface mixing than those grown on (100) substrates. The thermal stability of these Ge/Si strained layer superlattice samples is also studied.
Compliance with Title IX at Kingston State University: A Case Study on Cost Allocation and Ethical Decision Making

We present a case that focuses on the allocation of costs between men's and women's sports. At issue is whether large portions of indirect costs can or should be allocated to women's sports to keep a university in compliance with Title IX, the federal law promoting gender equity in collegiate athletics. Students are instructed to use an ethical decision‐making model when addressing the cost allocation issue and deciding whether it is ethical for accountants to “play” with numbers to achieve certain objectives. The cost allocation alternatives generated by students are appropriate for managerial accounting courses at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. The case also helps students to develop a systematic approach when solving ethical dilemmas. Students are required to identify potential stakeholders of the decision to reallocate costs and to assess the interests of the different stakeholders. After developing potential alternatives and determining how each decision could affect the stakeholders, st...
Analysis of the complex genomic structure of Bcl-x and its relationship to Bcl-xγ expression after CD28-dependent costimulation

Abstract The Bcl-xγ cytosolic protein is essential for costimulatory activity after CD3/CD28 coligation. Here we delineate the Bcl-xγ/Bcl-x genomic organization and the molecular mechanism that allows expression. We show that exon 4 of the Bcl-x gene encodes the unique C-terminal end of the Bcl-xγ molecule while exons 5, 6, 7 and 8 are differentially transcribed to yield three alternative Bcl-xγ 3′ untranslated regions (UTR). CD28-dependent signals may increase levels of Bcl-xγ protein through induction of an alternatively-spliced Bcl-xγ 3′ UTR that contains stem loop structures that stabilize Bcl-xγ RNA. The ability receptor-induced signals to regulate the splicing pattern of the complex Bcl-x gene may allow T-cells to respond appropriately to antigenic stimuli.
Fast and unified local search for random walk based k-nearest-neighbor query in large graphs

Given a large graph and a query node, finding its k-nearest-neighbor (kNN) is a fundamental problem. Various random walk based measures have been developed to measure the proximity (similarity) between nodes. Existing algorithms for the random walk based top-k proximity search can be categorized as global and local methods based on their search strategies. Global methods usually require an expensive precomputing step. By only searching the nodes near the query node, local methods have the potential to support more efficient query. However, most existing local search methods cannot guarantee the exactness of the solution. Moreover, they are usually designed for specific proximity measures. Can we devise an efficient local search method that applies to different measures and also guarantees result exactness? In this paper, we present FLoS (Fast Local Search), a unified local search method for efficient and exact top-k proximity query in large graphs. FLoS is based on the no local optimum property of proximity measures. We show that many measures have no local optimum. Utilizing this property, we introduce several simple operations on transition probabilities, which allow developing lower and upper bounds on the proximity. The bounds monotonically converge to the exact proximity when more nodes are visited. We further show that FLoS can also be applied to measures having local optimum by utilizing relationship among different measures. We perform comprehensive experiments to evaluate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed method.
The Lp boundary value problems on Lipschitz domains

Abstract Let Ω be a bounded Lipschitz domain in R n . We develop a new approach to the invertibility on L p ( ∂ Ω ) of the layer potentials associated with elliptic equations and systems in Ω. As a consequence, for n ⩾ 4 and 2 ( n − 1 ) ( n + 1 ) − e p 2 where e > 0 depends on Ω, we obtain the solvability of the L p Neumann type boundary value problems for second order elliptic systems. The analogous results for the biharmonic equation are also established.
Retinoblastoma protein regulation of surface CD74 (invariant chain) expression in breast carcinoma cells.

Abstract The HLA class II genes encode heterodimeric cell surface proteins which bind peptide antigen recognized by T-cell receptors on CD4+ T-cells. The class II proteins are inducible by IFN-γ, and this induction requires, or is strongly enhanced, by retinoblastoma protein (RB) in a series of breast carcinoma cell lines. Loading of peptide onto the class II protein appears to be regulated by CD74, which associates with class II during their transition to the endosomal compartment, where class II binds peptide. Class II proteins and CD74 are largely regulated in concert, provoking the question, is CD74 induction by IFN-γ affected by RB? Results described here indicate that IFN-γ induction of CD74 surface expression in a series of breast carcinoma lines is enhanced by RB, while RB has no effect on CD74 mRNA induction. Also, neither the class II nor the CD74 promoter regions are activated by RB in cotransfection experiments where RB activates the SV40 promoter.
Third harmonic generation in graphene and few-layer graphite films

We observe optical third harmonic generation from graphene and few-layer graphite flakes produced by exfoliation. The emission scales with the cube of the intensity of the incident near-infrared femtosecond pulses and has a wavelength that is one-third of the incident wavelength, both consistent with third harmonic generation. We extract an effective third-order susceptibility for graphene that is on the order of 10${}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ m${}^{2}$/V${}^{2}$, which is comparable to that for materials that are resonantly excited, but larger than for materials that are transparent at the fundamental and third harmonic wavelengths.
Comparative Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Underground Heat Distribution Systems

An analytical model was developed to compare the life-cycle costs of two types of underground heat distribution systems: directly buried conduits and concrete trench installations. The costs of initial construction, routine maintenance, operation, repair, and replacement are represented in the model. Comparisons are made to explore the influence of failure rates, heat loss assumptions, the discount rate, and the policy on partial section replacement. Failure rate estimates are obtained from the literature and also from survey results obtained by the U.S. Army. Life-cycle cost computations indicate that, when initial construction costs are the same, concrete trench installations have a cost advantage of $18-$42 per foot over buried steel conduit when other cost components are taken into account over a 25-year lifetime. The cost advantage of concrete trench over fiberglass reinforcement plastic (FRP) buried systems is $32-$133 per foot. The variation in the cost advantage reflects the variation in the estimate of the failure rate for buried steel and FRP systems. Routine maintenance was crucial for the buried systems to avoid dramatic increases in operation and replacement costs that would make the cost advantage of concrete trench installation even greater than stated above. In contrast, the low incidence of failure associated with concrete trench systems made their life-cycle costs relatively insensitive to maintenance policy.