cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Safety of yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy for relapsed low-grade, follicular, or transformed non-hodgkin's lymphoma.

Purpose: Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with yttrium-90 (90Y)-labeled anti-CD20 antibody (90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan; Zevalin, IDEC Pharmaceuticals Corporation, San Diego, CA) has a high rate of tumor response in patients with relapsed or refractory, low-grade, follicular, or transformed B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). This study presents the safety data from 349 patients in five studies of outpatient treatment with 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan. Patients and Methods: Patients received rituximab 250 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, and either 0.4 mCi/kg (15 MBq/kg) or 0.3 mCi/kg (11 MBq/kg) of 90Y ibritumomab tiuxetan on day 8 (maximum dose, 32 mCi). Patients were observed for up to 4 years after therapy or until progressive disease. Results: Infusion-related toxicities were typically grade 1 or 2 and were associated with rituximab. No significant organ toxicity was noted. Toxicity was primarily hematologic, with nadir counts occurring at 7 to 9 weeks and lasting approximately 1 to 4 weeks depending on the method of calcul...
NMR structure of F-actin-binding domain of Arg/Abl2 from Homo sapiens.

The Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium has used bioinformatics methods to construct a Human Cancer Pathway Interaction Network (HCPIN),1 a comprehensive 3D structure-function database of human-cancer-associated proteins and protein complexes in the context of their interaction networks. The FABD domain of Arg (Abl-related gene; Abl2) was selected as NESG HCPIN target HR5537. Arg and Abl (Abelson tyrosine kinase; Abl1), the Abl non-receptor tyrosine kinases, link diverse cell surface receptors to the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and regulate cytoskeletal reorganization, cell proliferation, survival, adhesion, migration and stress responses in multiple cells types.2–7 Abl and Arg kinases are multi-domain proteins with highly conserved Src kinase homology 3 (SH3), SH2, kinase (SH1) domains in the N-terminal half. The C-terminal halves of these kinases are more divergent, however, the functions encoded by the C-terminus are critical for the overall functions of these proteins.4 Although Abl and Arg exhibit overlapping expression in many tissues, Arg is most highly expressed in brain, thymus, spleen, and muscle.8 Differences in regulation of cell migration by Abl and Arg have also been reported.7 Consistent with the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of Abl and the predominant cytoplasmic localization of Arg, three nuclear localization signals (NLS), one nuclear export signal NES motifs and a DNA-binding domain are found in Abl but not in Arg.4 Abl and Arg share a C-terminal calponin homology F-actin-binding domain (FABD) with ~44% sequence identity, which distinguishes Abl family kinases from other non-receptor tyrosine kinases.4,9,10 Preceding this shared FABD, Arg has a microtubule-binding (MT) domain and a second talin-like F-actin-binding domain that is characterized by an I/LWEQ sequence while Abl kinase has a globular (G)-actin binding domain.4,9,10,11 Arg uses its FABD to anchoring actin and other cytoskeletal partner for signal transfer and other biological functions.4 Both human Abl FABD and Arg FABD belong to the F_actin_bind protein domain family (Pfam12 entry PF08919) comprised of 21 sequences. The NMR structure of the human Abl FABD, the only available structure in F_actin_bind family, has been reported recently13 ; it forms a compact left-handed four helix bundle in solution. The Arg FABD was selected as HCPIN target by NESG for structure determination.1 The NMR structure of human Arg FABD reported here can serve as a structural basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of Arg pathway, for studies of protein complex formation, and potentially in small molecule drug design.
Initial Operation of SSRL Wiggler in SPEAR

A 3? planar, magnetic wiggler has been designed, built, installed and operated in the SPEAR storage ring. Its primary purpose is to provide tunable synchrotron radiation (SR) with a higher energy and intensity than previously available for a new SR beam line just commissioned at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. Because the magnet operates from 0-18 kG, it should also produce undulator radiation (UR). Since the wiggler influences storage ring operation in both single beam and colliding beam modes, measurements were made of tune changes, emittance changes and energy spreads which are compared to predictions. Significant improvements in luminosity for high energy physics experiments were observed. The ability to do x-ray experiments easily that were not previously feasible at low electron beam energies and currents has also been demonstrated. We discuss the basic design, some interesting characteristics of the magnetic measurements and our initial operating experience and results.
A reconfigurable battery pack for improving power conversion efficiency in portable devices

Extending battery life for portable computing systems not only requires new power management techniques and high efficiency power delivery systems but also must address low power consumption modes. Mobile systems spend most of their operating time in very low power modes, in which the voltage regulators (VRs) that feed the different components typically exhibit low efficiencies. Variable frequency control is one of the most commonly used methods to minimize both driving and switching losses by scaling the switching frequency at light loads. However, further benefit can be achieved if the input voltage scales as well. This paper proposes a novel reconfigurable battery pack (RBP) concept to improve power conversion efficiency of VRs under light load conditions. It describes a methodology to change the input voltage of VRs based on load conditions by changing the internal connection of battery cells to provide a variable input bus voltage to the system and extend battery life as a result of power loss reduction. Experimental results show ~15 min battery life improvement for a typical Thin & Light Laptop.
Rapid single nucleotide polymorphism detection for personalized medicine applications using planar waveguide fluorescence sensors

Personalized medicine is an emerging field in which clinical diagnostics information about a patient's genotype or phenotype is used to optimize his/her pharmacotherapy. This article evaluates whether planar waveguide fluorescent sensors are suitable for determining such information from patient testing in point-of-care (POC) settings. The model system was Long QT Syndrome, a congenital disease associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding for cardiac ion channels. Three different SNP assay formats were examined: DNA/DNA hybridization, DNA/PNA hybridization (PNA: "peptide nucleic acid"), and single base extension (SBEX). Although DNA/DNA hybridization produced a strong intensity-time response for both wildtype and SNP analytes in a 5-min assay at 32°C, their hybridization rates differed by only 32.7%, which was insufficient for clinical decision-making. Much better differentiation of the two rates was observed at 53°C, where the wildtype's hybridization rate was two-thirds of its maximum value, while that of the SNP was essentially zero. Such all-or-nothing resolution would be adequate for clinical decision-making; however, the elevated temperature and precise temperature control would be hard to achieve in a POC setting. Results from DNA/PNA hybridization studies were more promising. Nearly 20-fold discrimination between wildtype and SNP hybridization rates was observed in a 5-min assay at 30°C, although the low ionic strength conditions required necessitated a de-salting step between sample preparation and SNP detection. SBEX was the most promising of the three, determining the absolute identity of the suspected polymorphism in a 5-min assay at 40°C.
MODELS OF THE SHOEMAKER-LEVY 9 IMPACTS. I. BALLISTIC MONTE CARLO PLUME

We model the plumes raised by impacting fragments of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 to calculate synthetic plume views, atmospheric infall —uxes, and debris patterns. Our plume is a swarm of ballistic particles with one of several mass-velocity distributions (MVDs). The swarm is ejected instantaneously and uniformly into a cone from its apex. On falling to the ejection altitude, particles slide with horizontal deceleration following one of several schemes. The model ignores hydrodynamic and Coriolis eUects. Initial conditions come from observations of plume heights and calculated or estimated properties of impactors. We adjust the plume tilt, opening angle, and minimum velocity and choose MVDs and sliding schemes to create impact patterns that match observations. Our best match uses the power-law MVD from the numerical impact model of Zahnle & Mac Low, with velocity cutoUs at 4.5 and 11.8 km s~1, a cone opening angle of 75i, a cone tilt of 30i from vertical, and a sliding constant deceleration of
Online Grief Support Communities Therapeutic Benefits of Membership

Online grief support communities have become popular in recent years for those seeking information and empathetic others following the death of someone close to them. Hundreds of Facebook pages and...
Differential vagal effects on antegrade vs. retrograde atrioventricular conduction.

The influence of postganglionic vagal stimulation (PGVS) on antegrade and retrograde atrioventricular nodal conduction was studied in 17 isolated rabbit heart tissue preparations by pacing at the c...
Modeling for Manufacturing Diagnostics

An essential and important component in diagnosis is an analysis of the system. In this analysis, one attempts to relate the observed (desirable and undesirable) results to input parameters or conditions. This process is most efficient if a model of the system is used, together with well designed experiments. As it is used in many different contexts with different meanings, we define the term model to mean: an executable implementation of theoretical and empirical knowledge in this chapter. The appropriateness of the theory behind the model determines its usefulness in diagnosis. Good models are essential in proposing failure mechanisms, in design of good diagnostic experiments, and in interpreting the results of experiments. Based on this interpretation, one might reach a conclusion, appropriately modify the theory and iterate, or conduct more experiments to confirm results. On the other hand, without an appropriate theory, one is reduced to “educated” guesswork in these aspects of diagnostics.
Library Freaky Friday: Information Literacy and Peer Teaching

One in-class exercise has continued to prove effective at both teaching and engaging multiple levels of students. This exercise, called “Library Freaky Friday,” is based on the educational theory of peer teaching and involves students teaching students rather than the librarian or professor teaching the class. Velez and his coauthors believe “peer teaching encourages students to assume a more active role in knowledge acquisition,” which should please any teacher. In addition to peer teaching, this particular exercise requires group work, which Yaman and Covington show increases participation from students, an attribute desirable in any class, but especially in information literacy classes that are often rife with disinterested students.
SERBP1 Is a Component of the Liver Receptor Homologue-1 Transcriptional Complex

Liver receptor homologue-1 (LRH1) is an orphan nuclear receptor that has been shown to play a role in the transcriptional regulation of pathways involved in cancer. Elucidating the components of the LRH1 transcriptional complex to better understand endogenous regulation of the receptor as well as its role in cancer remains a high priority. A sub-cellular enrichment strategy coupled with proteomic approaches was employed to identify putative LRH1 co-regulators. Nuclear fractionation protocol was essential for detection of LRH1 peptides by mass spectrometry (MS), with most peptides being observed in the insoluble fraction (receptor bound to DNA). SERBP1 and ILF3 were identified as LRH1 interacting partners by both Western blot and MS/MS analysis. Receptor knockdown by siRNA showed an increase in SERBP1 expression, while ILF3 expression was unchanged. In contrast, receptor overexpression decreased only SERBP1 mRNA levels. Consistent with these data, in a promoter:reporter assay, binding of LRH1 to the promoter region of SERBP1 resulted in a decrease in the expression level of the reporter gene, subsequently inhibiting transcription. Given the receptor's role in cancer progression, the study here elucidates additional transcriptional machinery involved in LRH1 signaling and potentially provides new targets for therapeutics development.
Abstract 2579: tPA Contributes To Aggravation of Endothelin and Thromboxane Induced Cerebrovasoconstriction After Hypoxia/Ischemia Through Upregulation of ERK MAPK

Introduction: The sole FDA approved treatment for acute stroke is tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA). However, endogenous tPA is upregulated and potentiates impairment of pial artery dilation in response to hypotension after hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) in pigs. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), a family of at least 3 kinases, ERK, p38 and JNK, is also upregulated after H/I, with ERK contributing to vasodilator impairment. Impairment of stimulus induced vasodilation may result from tonic withdrawal and/or impairment of a vasodilator influence or upregulation of a vasoconstrictor. This study examined the effect of H/I on the vascular response to two important spasmogens released during CNS ischemic disorders, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thromboxane, and the influence of tPA and ERK MAPK in such responses. Methods: Cerebral ischemia (20 min) was induced via global increase in intracranial pressure via saline infusion into a hollow bolt placed in the cranium (dura intact) while hypoxia (10 min, pO2 35 mm Hg) was produced by decreasing the inspired O2 via inhalation of N2. Vascular responses to topical ET-1 (10-10, 10-8 M) and U 46619 (1, 10 ng/ml) were obtained at 1h post insult. Phosphorylated and total ERK MAPK were measured by ELISA in the CSF of piglets equipped with a closed cranial window. Data (n=5) were analyzed by ANOVA, with significance at p less than 0.05. Results: H/I aggravated pial artery vasconstriction induced by ET-1 and the thromboxane mimic U 46619, which was blocked by EEIIMD, an inhibitor of PAI-1’s vascular activity and signaling of tPA, but not its fibrinolytic action, but unchanged by its inactive analogue EEIIMR. CSF ERK MAPK was increased by H/I and potentiated by tPA. The ERK MAPK antagonist U 0126 blocked H/I induced aggravation of ET-1 and U 46619 vasoconstriction. Discussion: These data indicate that H/I aggravates ET-1 and thromboxane mediated cerebral vasoconstriction through upregulation of tPA and ERK MAPK. These data suggest that thrombolytic therapy for treatment of CNS ischemic disorders can dysregulate cerebrohemodynamics by augmenting vasoconstriction induced by spasmogens co-released during CNS pathology.
Low-cost high-performance optical interconnect

Summary form only given. The optical waveguides have a uniformity of 1 dB. The resulting optical links have a jitter of no more than 150 ps not including pulse-width distortion, static skew between channels of less than 200 ps and dissipate 1.5 W. A representative multichannel eye pattern at 400 Mbit/s is shown. In this presentation we focus on the design approach and subsystem requirements that make this performance possible without sacrificing manufacturability or cost.
Optimized barrier location for barrier coverage in mobile sensor networks

Barrier coverage is an important application of sensor networks. This paper studies how to build a strong barrier with mobile sensors in which the maximum moving distance of sensors is minimized. Our work differs from others in the way the y-coordinate of the barrier is determined. We optimize the y-coordinate of the barrier instead of fixing it a priori. An efficient algorithm is proposed, in which the search space of the y-coordinate of the barrier is first discretized and then searched over iteratively. In the theoretical worst case, O(N 4 ) iterations may be needed to find the optimal barrier location, where N is the number of sensors, but in practice, our algorithm requires less than O(N 2 ) iterations, as confirmed in simulation.
Preclinical Abuse Potential Assessment of Flibanserin: Effects on Intracranial Self-Stimulation in Female and Male Rats

Abstract Introduction Flibanserin is a serotonin receptor subtype 1A agonist and 2A antagonist that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating female sexual interest and arousal disorder. Little is known about the abuse potential of flibanserin. Aim To examine abuse-related effects of flibanserin in rats using an intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) procedure previously used to evaluate the abuse potential of other drugs. Methods Adult female and male Sprague-Dawley rats with electrodes implanted in the medial forebrain bundle were trained to press a lever for electrical brain stimulation under a “frequency–rate” ICSS procedure. In this procedure, increasing frequencies of brain stimulation maintain increasing rates of responding. Drugs of abuse typically increase (or “facilitate”) ICSS rates and produce leftward and upward shifts in ICSS frequency–rate curves, whereas drugs that lack abuse potential typically do not alter or only decrease ICSS rates. Initial studies determined the potency and time course of effects on ICSS produced by acute flibanserin administration (1.0, 3.2 and 10.0 mg/kg). Subsequent studies determined the effects of flibanserin (3.2–18 mg/kg) before and after a regimen of repeated flibanserin administration (5.6 mg/kg/d for 5 days). Effects of the abused stimulant amphetamine (1.0 mg/kg) were examined as a positive control. Main Outcome Measures Flibanserin effects on ICSS frequency–rate curves in female and male rats were examined and compared with the effects of amphetamine. Results Baseline ICSS frequency–rate curves were similar in female and male rats. Acute and repeated administrations of flibanserin produced only decreases in ICSS rates, and rate-decreasing effects of the highest flibanserin dose (10 mg/kg) were greater in female than in male rats. In contrast to flibanserin, amphetamine produced an abuse-related increase in ICSS rates that did not differ between female and male rats. Conclusion These results suggest that flibanserin has low abuse potential. In addition, this study suggests that female rats might be more sensitive than male rats to the rate-decreasing effects of high flibanserin doses.
Erratum to: Utility of ultrasound in noninvasive preoperative workup of neonatal brachial plexus palsy.

An error appears in the illustration for Fig. 1: Normal brachial plexus. The corrected diagram is printed here. The corrected illustration of normal brachial plexus on the right side shows the position of C5 to T1 nerve roots, arising above the corresponding vertebra, and formation of upper, middle and lower trunks. Note that the anterior tubercle of C7 transverse process is smaller compared to C6. Origins of dorsal scapular, suprascapular and long thoracic nerves are also shown.
The last 200,000 years (or thereabouts) in Eastern Africa: Recent archaeological research

Research in Eastern Africa is hampered by a variety of logistical constraints common in underdeveloped and politically fragmented regions. The later Middle and early Upper Pleistocene are attracting attention in the debate over the origins of anatomically modern humans. There has also been considerable field research and discussion of the development of specialized pastoralism. Archaeology, history and several other disciplines have combined to study the development of social complexity in the Great Lakes region and along the Swahili coast, the Aksumite civilization and African agricultural systems. Finally, the rise of a cadre of indigenous archaeologists is fostering debate over what constitutes explanation and over the relevance of the discipline within Africa.
Raman and Photoluminescence Characterization of FIB Patterned AIGaAs/GaAs Multiple Quantum Wells

Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectra have been used to characterize A1 0.3 Ga 0.7 As/GaAs multiple quantum well (MQW) structures that have been patterned by focused ion beam (FIB) implantation followed by rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Microprobe Raman scattering is used to identify the appropriate RTA and FIB implantation conditions that provide for removal of implantation-induced damage and for compositional intermixing. FIB patterned wire-like structures are characterized by spatially resolved PL spectra.
Laboratory Issues Regarding Geriatric Patients

Aging is a complex and somewhat poorly understood multifactorial process that predisposes the elderly to a wide variety of diseases and disorders. Although some age-related disorders are secondary to the aging process, others may relate to poor diet, inactivity, obesity, or other factors common among the elderly. Still others (eg, hypothyroidism) may he subclinical, and the signs and symptoms may be attributed inaccurately to aging. In this report, we briefly discuss several common clinical and laboratory features particularly characteristic of older people.
A New Polyphagus in Algal Culture

(WITH 6 FIGURES) The chytrid genus Polyphagus, including 9 described species parasitic on Euglena, Chlamydomonas, Tribonemna, Sphaerocystis, etc., has long been known from studies by Nowakowski (1876), Dangeard (19001901), Wager (1913), Bartsch (1945), and other students of the Phycomycetes. During the summer of 1959, Dr. Richard C. Starr of Indiana University encountered a fungus parasitic on a collection of Eudorina elegans from Nonamesset Island, Massachusetts, which he kindly sent to me and which proved to be a species of Polyphagus. In addition to extending the host range of the genus, this fungus exhibited several developmental and morphological characteristics which have not previously been reported in Polyphagus. These observations, together with the large number of algal strains available in the Indiana Culture
Current Status and Prospects for Improved and New Bacterial Vaccines: Summary of the Symposium

Last Saturday in New York, a friend who had heard of my assignment at this meeting told me, after he had questioned my sanity for accepting the task, that the only way to do the job is to prepare the summation well in advance of the meeting. While I could see the merit of this suggestion, it would require either more ability than I have to predict what is going to be said or more willingness to risk presenting an unrelated communication incorporating a few guesses about the material that has been discussed. Had I known
Absorption in Dogs Following Exclusion of Bile and Pancreatic Juice Using I131 Labeled Fat

SummaryUsing a fat test meal containing a radioactive labeled fat, a study has been carried out in dogs to assess the rate and total amount of radioactive labeled fat entering the blood in normal dogs and in dogs with exclusion of bile and pancreatic juice during a 6-hour period after administration of the meal. These studies indicate that bile plays a minor role and pancreatic juice a major role in fat digestion and absorption. This study suggests the use of a similar test for clinical use in evaluating pancreatic function in suspected pancreatic disease.
Isoenzyme characterization of animal cell cultures.

SummaryWe have found the isoenzyme analysis of cells to be a significant aid in the characterization and identification of animal cell cultures from a variety of species. The G6PD and LDH patterns of 86 animal cell lines were examined using starch gel electrophoresis. From the data accumulated it was possible to construct a “fingerprint” identification chart for ready identification of animal cells from 20 out of 22 different taxonomic groups. Although there are limitations to the technique the systematic study of additional polymorphic enzymes should provide valuable information for the more precise characterization of animal cells.
Normal Human Brain's MRI Image Database Based on Microsoft SQL Server 2000

Acquires the image data of 5000 persons from 25 hospitals all over the country and establishes the image database manage- ment system of normal human brain's MRI,based on DICOM image special information and using Microsoft SQL server 2000 and a sys- tem with GUI interface to implement the input,storage and query of data,being the important foundation to establish a retrieval system in future.
200 TRACKING EVOLVING PENICILLIN RESISTANCE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE THROUGH GENOMIC CHANGES IN THE PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEIN GENE 2b.

Purpose Penicillin-resistant invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae emerged in the 1990s and occurred subsequently with increasing frequency in Huntington, WV. We investigated the evolution of penicillin resistance during 23 years by tracking changes in the penicillin-binding protein gene 2b (pbp2b) among all invasive strains of capsular types 6, 9, 14, 19, and 23, the types likely to become resistant, to assess whether penicillin resistance evolved from other streptococci or was imported into the community. Methods We tested all consecutive invasive strains of S. pneumoniae isolated from children and adults admitted to hospital between 1983 and 2005 for penicillin susceptibility by E-test and capsular type by Quellung procedures. For genomic studies of the pbp2b gene, DNA was extracted from 289 strains, including 48 resistant (PRSP), 67 intermediate (PISP), 174 susceptible (PSSP), for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using restriction enzyme HaeIII. A representative strain of each RFLP pattern was sequenced using internal primers and the assembled sequences were compared by multiple sequence alignment of DNA and amino acid sequences for homology. Results PSSP occurred every year and belonged to five RFLP patterns; 167 of 174 PSSP belonged to two RFLP patterns of nearly identical genomic sequences and identical amino acid sequences, remained stable throughout the study period, and were closely related to the reference strain R6. PRSP occurred almost every year starting in 1994, with the first one related to Spain 23F-1, belonged to five other RFLP patterns, and exhibited distinctly different genomic sequences from each other but were closely related to PRSP first identified in other countries. PISP occurred in all years except four and belonged to 15 RFLP patterns. By RFLP patterns, they all showed different genomic sequences from each other and from R6. The sequences of PISP reflected a spectrum between PSSP and PRSP. Conclusions These findings suggest that the PSSP persisted unchanged in the community throughout the study period. Unlike the PSSP, the PRSP appeared to have been imported into the community because all were closely related to PRSP previously identified in other countries, making it unlikely that antibiotic pressure in our community influenced the development of PRSP. However, it may have influenced the development of some PISP because only some PISP appear to have been imported based on a comparison of their genomic sequences with sequences registered in Genbank.
Selectivity of Peak Versus Average Male Urinary Flow Rates

AbstractMultiple peak and average urinary flow rates were measured in 34 normal men. In addition, this population was compared to 114 patients with prostatic obstruction. No matter which flow rate measurement is used some overlap is present between the 2 populations. The sensitivity of the flow rate test was defined for the 90 or 95 per cent limit of each normal and abnormal population. The specificity of both tests also was statistically determined. The ability to separate abnormal from normal voiding is enhanced significantly if peak flow rate is the measurement made. The loss of specificity for average flow rate is owing to a greater percentage of both populations, normal or abnormal, withi
Congenital Disorders of N-linked Glycosylation

Abstract The congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a family of anabolic diseases with variable multisystem manifestations. Most of these disorders have multisystem manifestations, in addition to a wide variety of neurologic phenotypes. The most frequent type is PMM2-CDG (phosphomannomutase deficiency), which is associated with severe cerebellar atrophy, intellectual disability, stroke-like episodes and seizures, and progressive pigmentary retinopathy and demyelinating neuropathy in classic cases. Other phenotypes have considerable overlap, and with few exceptions, are accompanied by varying systemic manifestations that may include coagulopathies, gastrointestinal disease, lipodystrophy, skeletal deformities, cardiac, renal, and eye disease. CDG should be suspected in any patient with multisystem disease and neurologic manifestations, and can be efficiently screened for in most cases using carbohydrate deficient transferrin. Enzyme analysis is clinically available for the more common disorders, and molecular diagnosis is rapidly improving for all forms of CDG. Specific therapy is available for MPI-CDG and SLC365C1-CDG.
Flexible Transmitter Employing Silicon-Segmented Mach–Zehnder Modulator With 32-nm CMOS Distributed Driver

We propose a flexible optical transmitter for the short-reach optical interconnects that includes a silicon photonic segmented Mach–Zehnder modulator driven by a distributed six-channel 32-nm silicon on insulator (SOI) complementary metal-oxide semiconductor driver integrated circuit. Optical equalization is demonstrated to extend the bandwidth limitation of the transmitter with non-return to zero signaling at ${\text{25 Gb/ s}}$ . We also generate four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) signaling using the same transmitter architecture. Transmission of 46 Gb/s PAM-4 signal with bit error rate (BER) well below hard-decision forward error correction limit is experimentally demonstrated. Low driver power consumption of 130 mW at ${\text{46 Gb/ s}}$ PAM-4, corresponding to 2.8 pJ/bit power efficiency, is also achieved.
The Interglomerular Circuit Potently Inhibits Olfactory Bulb Output Neurons by Both Direct and Indirect Pathways.

Sensory processing shapes our perception. In mammals, odor information is encoded by combinatorial activity patterns of olfactory bulb (OB) glomeruli. Glomeruli are richly interconnected by short axon cells (SACs), which form the interglomerular circuit (IGC). It is unclear how the IGC impacts OB output to downstream neural circuits. We combined in vitro and in vivo electrophysiology with optogenetics in mice and found the following: (1) the IGC potently and monosynaptically inhibits the OB output neurons mitral/tufted cells (MTCs) by GABA release from SACs: (2) gap junction-mediated electrical coupling is strong for the SAC→MTC synapse, but negligible for the SAC→ETC synapse; (3) brief IGC-mediated inhibition is temporally prolonged by the intrinsic properties of MTCs; and (4) sniff frequency IGC activation in vivo generates persistent MTC inhibition. These findings suggest that the temporal sequence of glomerular activation by sensory input determines which stimulus features are transmitted to downstream olfactory networks and those filtered by lateral inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Odor identity is encoded by combinatorial patterns of activated glomeruli, the initial signal transformation site of the olfactory system. Lateral circuit processing among activated glomeruli modulates olfactory signal transformation before transmission to higher brain centers. Using a combination of in vitro and in vivo optogenetics, this work demonstrates that interglomerular circuitry produces potent inhibition of olfactory bulb output neurons via direct chemical and electrical synapses as well as by indirect pathways. The direct inhibitory synaptic input engages mitral cell intrinsic membrane properties to generate inhibition that outlasts the initial synaptic action.
Diets, population structure, and seasonal activity patterns of mudpuppies (Necturus maculosus) in an urban, Great Lakes coastal habitat

Freshwater species native to the Laurentian Great Lakes region face numerous environmental stressors, and the conservation status and ecological relationships of many remain poorly understood. One such species, the mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus), is declining, but better information on their natural history and development of more effective population monitoring techniques is needed. We assessed seasonal variation in capture success, biases in capture techniques, and feeding ecology of mudpuppies in Wolf Lake, a highly perturbed and urban former estuarine wetland complex to Lake Michigan. Trapping periods of ≥ 3 consecutive nights occurred from January to May 2015, and October 2015 to March 2016. Overall trapping success differed among trapping periods (p = 0.01) and declined precipitously at water temperatures above 14.1 °C (p < 0.001). Mudpuppies in traps (mean 26.9 ± 0.5 cm) were larger than those caught with hand nets (mean 14.7 ± 0.8 cm, p < 0.0001), suggesting that multiple methods may be needed to accurately assess demographics. Stomach contents obtained through gastric lavage included mollusks, leeches, insects, isopods, amphipods, crayfish, fish, a frog, and a juvenile conspecific. Invasive species, including rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus), round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus), and zebra/quagga mussels (Dreissena spp.) were present in guts, suggesting mudpuppy foraging has changed along with aquatic communities in the region. Prey community analyses revealed differences in overall diet among size classes of mudpuppies (p = 0.001), but relatively weak similarity within size classes. Results suggest that mudpuppies in lake ecosystems occupy a broad niche that changes as they grow.
Jesus as an exemplar of faith in the New Testament

Roman Catholic theologians long denied that Jesus had faith in God, and Jesus having faith in God seems in conflict with traditional claims that Jesus is fully divine (Section II). What the New Testament means by “faith” is explored (Section III), and in light of this we consider arguments from orthodox Incarnation theory to the conclusion that Jesus did not have and could not have had faith in God (Section IV). Relevantly, the New Testament clearly asserts in five ways that Jesus had faith in God (Section V). This exposes problems for traditional Incarnation theories, some of which are addressed by recent “Kenosis” accounts. But these too are problematic (Section VI).
Thin-film photovoltaics: Buffer against degradation

Cheap, efficient, and stable thin photovoltaics that use abundant and non-toxic materials can deliver widespread renewable energy. New results using Earth-abundant and potentially cheap ZnO/Sb2Se3 solar cells indicate promising levels of stability.
A case of video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of malignant transformation of pulmonary recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a disease of the respiratory tract caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) and is characterized by multiple recurring papillomas throughout the respiratory tract. Although rare, extra laryngeal involvement carries the risk of malignant transformation in 3–7% of adults. We report the case of a patient with unmonitored juvenile onset RRP with pulmonary involvement found to have malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Incidentally found on chest radiography for mild chest wall trauma, she was found to have a large left lower lobe mass with pathology consistent with SCC. The patient underwent surgical management with thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection followed by adjuvant chemoradiation for pathologic stage IIIA SCC. Surveillance imaging at 6 months shows no evidence of disease progression.
Charleston: an archaeology of life in a coastal community

Charleston is one of the most important port cities of the American South, and it is considered to be the birthplace of the historic preservation movement in the United States. Archaeological field...
Turnpike Sets in Manufacturing Systems: Some Recent Progress

Abstract This work is concerned with turnpike sets of stochastic manufacturing Systems which is One of the most important concepts in analyzing and developing optimal production policies for a wide variety of manufacturing systems. Several problems, including turnpike sets and their analysis in production planning with discounted costs over all infinite horizon, finite horizon turnpike sets and associate optimal control problems and numerical methods for approximating optimal controls under threshold control policies, are examined. The crucial idea lies On using the turupike sets as a bridge to design optimal or suboptimal strategies via stochastic control and/or optimization methods
A Late Night at the Virginian Restaurant

In this exercise, the manager of The Virginian, a small restaurant and bar in Charlottesville, has asked for help in reducing the average queue size at its bar. The Virginian prides itself on its fast and consistent service. (View the video at http://thevirginiancville.com/.) Students are offered four scenarios to guide their analyses. Students conduct analyses by preparing a simulated model on their own or using a simulation created with AnyLogic software.This exercise is supported by "A Late Night at The Virginian Restaurant: Model Documentation and Guide" (UVA-OM-1553). After learning the steps to run the model, students are asked to run it for four hours of simulated time under the four scenario conditions. Excerpt UVA-OM-1551 Dec. 2, 2016 A Late Night at The Virginian Restaurant The manager of The Virginian, a small restaurant and bar in Charlottesville, has approached you and asked for help in reducing the average queue size at its bar. The Virginian prides itself on its fast and consistent service. (View the video at .) The uniquely small size and location of the bar make The Virginian's service problem particularly challenging. The bar is especially narrow, which means there is only an opportunity for one long queue to form for customers ordering beer, wine, and other beverages. Right now the bar manager believes that there are, on average, around 10 customers in line at one time between 10:00 p.m. and 2:00 a.m. This makes the bar area very crowded and hurts business. The bartenders estimate that customers arrive at The Virginian randomly at an average of three per minute. The manager would like to get the average queue size below two, using the fewest number of bartenders possible. The system estimates that three new customers desire a drink every minute. Right now there are two bartenders. How many bartenders would the manager need to get the average queue size below two customers? Run the model for four hours of simulated time. 1. Scenario 1: Service time is triangular; it takes a bartender between 15 seconds and 75 seconds to fill a drink order, the most common time being 30 seconds. . . .
Nutritional composition and heavy metal content of the human placenta

Despite the vital and diverse roles of the placenta, remarkably little is known about its actual composition. Moreover, as placentophagy becomes increasingly popular, understanding the nutritional and heavy metal composition of the human placenta has practical implications. Here we evaluated the carbohydrate, sugar, protein, fat, cholesterol, vitamin, and heavy metal composition of the human placenta from uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and found that it contains a significant amount of cholesterol, protein, iron, and selenium, but no detectable levels of cadmium, arsenic, or mercury.
Comprehensive review and study of the buoyant air flow within positive-pressure hospital operating rooms

ABSTRACTA comprehensive investigation is provided on the flow of air within a positive-pressure operating room during a simulated surgery. The simulated surgery made use of an over-body patient-warming blanket whose purpose is to maintain patient temperatures. One issue to be studied was whether a forced-air patient-warming unit with the blanket caused airflow disturbances at the surgical site that would otherwise not occur without the blanket. In the study, measurements from an operating room, including dimensions, flowrates, temperatures, and the positions of potential flow blockages were taken. Airflow simulated using the large-eddy simulation method showed that at no time, and under no conditions did the device cause potentially unclean air to intrude into the sterile surgical field during the operation of the warming device. In addition, a series of flow-visualization experiments made with neutrally buoyant tracers showed the surgical site was washed by ultraclean air from the ventilation system of t...
Effect of Short-Term Releases of Chrysoperla rufilabris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) Against Silverleaf Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Field Cages

We studied the effect of different lacewing (Chrysoperla rufilabris [Burmeisterl release rates on control of the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring, inside field cages in...
Designing Incentives in Startup Teams: Form and Timing of Equity Contracting

Entrepreneurial teams assign equity positions in their startups using a term sheet that details equity splits and conditions for being granted those splits. It is conventional wisdom in the entrepreneurial press that equal splits are poor choices. The conventional logic is that by not connecting rewards to contribution level equal split contracts can encourage free-riding behaviors. We experimentally test this conventional wisdom, among other entrepreneurial contracting hypotheses. Our results confirm the relationship between equal splits and depressed effort and contribution, but suggest a different causal sequence relative to conventional wisdom. Rather than the contract form being the primitive and the behavior the derived consequence, our results suggest the reverse. The differences in contract performance are driven primarily by the sorting of high contributors into non-equal contracts and of low contributors into equal contracts. However, delaying the contracting mitigates these sorting effects, reducing the effort gap between contracts. Taken together, our results suggest that both investors and founders should pay as much (or more) attention to personality type as they do to contract form, but if one is stuck with a given set of personalities delayed contracting (more so than contract form) can improve performance.
Special Considerations in Positioning for Neurosurgical Tumors: Spinal

Patient positioning plays a critical role in optimizing surgical outcomes in the management of spinal tumors. Whether involving the paravertebral compartment, the osseous structures, or intramedullary careful consideration to approach to limit morbidity and maximize extent of resection, often for curative intent can be just as important as the execution of the surgery. Even in metastatic disease, where palliation is oftentimes the goal, positioning can optimize the balance between morbidity and surgical goals. We will consider the best management practice as objectively demonstrated in the medical literature across the wide variety of spinal tumors and how positioning can have a direct impact on achieving those goals.
Forecasting Hand Gestures for Human-Drone Interaction

Computer vision techniques that can anticipate people»s actions ahead of time could create more responsive and natural human-robot interaction systems. In this paper, we present a new human gesture forecasting framework for human-drone interaction. Our primary motivation is that despite growing interest in early recognition, little work has tried to understand how people experience these early recognition-based systems, and our human-drone forecasting framework will serve as a basis for conducting this human subjects research in future studies. We also introduce a new dataset with 22 videos of two human-drone interaction scenarios, and use it to test our gesture forecasting approach. Finally, we suggest follow-up procedures to investigate people»s experience in interacting with these early recognition-enabled systems.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in cervical cancer screening tests: A series of 8 cases and review of the literature.

Objective Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous infection typically affecting over 50% of the US population by age 40. We report 8 cases of CMV infections detected in cervical cancer screening tests, the largest series of cases thus far reported in gynecologic cytology specimens. Methods A retrospective review of our pathology archival computer database was performed from January 1, 1994 through December 31, 2016 for CMV infections reported in cervical cytology specimens. The slides were retrieved for review if available. Results The eight patients ranged in age from 21-46 years, with a median age of 27 years and average age of 29.5 years. Two patients were significantly immunocompromised with one patient having AIDS and one patient diagnosed with autoimmune disease. The remaining six patients are considered immunocompetent. Cases were identified most often in the fall and winter months (6 of 8 cases). Seven cases were found using Surepath Pap (SP) liquid-based processing and one case was reported in a classic Papanicolaou smear (CPS). Conclusion There was no correlation of cytologic presentation of CMV with a distinct cytohormonal pattern or inflammatory constituents. Rare diagnostic cells with changes of CMV infection were seen in 75% of the cases. The presence of CMV did not usually result in adverse patient outcome, except where CMV was one of the multiple opportunistic infections detected in the patient with AIDS.
Hume as 'Tory'? Historian: Political Uses and Misuses of his History of England

When the volumes of Hume’s History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution in 1688 appeared in print between 1754 and 1762, they were often read and appraised through the lens of contemporary political divisions. While this was true to some extent about all historical works written in the period, it was especially true for Hume, who chose to write his history backwards, beginning with the most recent era, that of the Stuart dynasty, which was full of highly contentious issues around which controversy still raged. His sympathetic treatment of Charles I, criticism of parliamentary leaders during the Civil War, disparaging of “fanatical” Puritans, and evenhanded treatment of issues like the “Popish Plot,” brought down the wrath of ardent Whigs upon his head. Conversely, Tories were pleased, though it did not escape their notice that Hume was far from endorsing doctrines like the divine right of kings. Similarly, in France, philosophes were appalled at his presumed endorsement of monarchical authority and the established church, while royalistes sang his praises. Such a conservative champion did le bon David seem through the rest of the ancien regime and revolutionary era that one modern scholar has dubbed him “prophet of the counter-Enlightenment.” In colonial America, recent scholarship has shown significant levels of interest in Hume’s History, contrary to earlier views that it was little read and slightly regarded. Initial American responses were somewhat more nuanced than those in France and Britain, though by the early Federal period, his history tended to be anathema to the followers of Jefferson, who famously denounced it as “poison.” A close examination of Hume’s History reveals a much more balanced, skeptical treatment than these polarized views suggest, with an overarching intent by the author to demythologize Britain’s past. In spite of his own Whiggish views, he took special pains to puncture the myths of the Whig party (like that of a supposedly free, representative constitution in Anglo-Saxon times), considering it unworthy of his fellow Whigs to ground their beliefs in anything other than a well informed, skeptical approach to history. Unbiased readers at the time in all three societies were aware of this, but by the closing years of the eighteenth century, the process of drastically Bowdlerizing Hume’s History was gaining ground, which only served to lock into place the author’s undeserved reputation as a Tory historian.