cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Historicizing in Critical Policy Analysis: The Production of Cultural Histories and Microhistories.

The practice of critical policy analysis often emphasizes the importance of historicizing the present. However, there is very little guidance for critical policy analysts on the methodical production of histories. In this paper, I meet this need by arguing for the use of methodologies embedded in the production of both cultural histories and microhistories. I show how the historical narratives that are produced by critical policy analysts must be able to reveal patterns of long-term social interactions and domination, while simultaneously showing how people on a smaller temporal scale still disrupt and bend these social structures to their needs. Most importantly, I argue that using such methodologies allows critical policy analysts to practice a form of historicizing that explicitly adheres to an epistemological stance that emphasizes the social construction of knowledge through power relationships.
Abstract 278: Improvement to Pre-Hospital ECG Image Transmission by a Novel iPhone Application Utilizing Mobile Phone Signal Enhancement Technology

Introduction: Field transmission of pre-hospital ECG images to facilitate advance activation of the STEMI system of care has been shown to be effective in improving patient care and prognosis. Current commercial wireless ECG transmission systems available are effective, but are expensive to implement and maintain. Head to head testing was performed using an iPhone application to mediate ECG image transmission on three national cellular carriers in comparison to one commercial ECG transmission system. This resulted in comparable performance particularly in signal rich coverage environments contained three or greater bars. Hypothesis: An iPhone application that mediates pre-hospital ECG image transmission could be a cost effective alternative to current commercial systems incorporated in the pre-hospital STEMI system of care. Using a mobile phone signal booster could enhance application performance to consistently transmit in all signal coverage environments. Testing: The application was tested on three national cellular carriers with two commercial systems. Data was collected with and without the addition of the mobile phone signal booster at 75 waypoints covering the entire signal coverage environment. Application performance was determined by the average percentage of successful transmission and duration of transmission within the total signal coverage environment. Results: As shown in Figure 1, using the mobile phone signal booster resulted in marked improvements to successful transmission. Performance of the carriers under boosted conditions was merged, as the differences were not statistically significant enough to warrant differentiation. Within the signal-limited environment, the application displayed superior reliability to the two commercial systems, while in the signal rich environment it was comparable. Minimal improvement was also seen in the duration of transmission of the application, although it was more apparent within the signal limited environment than in the signal rich environment. Conclusion: The addition of the mobile phone signal booster enhances the performance of the iPhone application, allowing it to successfully transmit ECGs more consistently than commercial systems in all signal coverage environments. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Religion and Spirituality

Conflict experienced by LGBT people in the process of integrating their sexual identity and their religious/spiritual identity, though not exclusive to LGBT people of African descent, is especially culturally relevant for people of African descent. Researchers or practitioners who address the population should inquire about the individuals’ experiences and attitudes around the issue of religiosity. LGBT people of African descent have likely been enculturated from an early age to embrace some form of worship experience. The intersecting identities of race, sexuality, and religious/spiritual self may together strongly inform their sense of self. The salience of race cannot be overlooked as it relates to ancestral baggage and concerns about how Black people are sexually perceived in society. Scriptures or other religious writings that may appear to condemn same sex sexuality may be employed by heterosexual people of African descent in order to gain compliance with compulsory heterosexuality. Compulsory heterosexuality may also be upheld as the norm due to misinformation or lack of information about the diversity of Black sexuality throughout the history of Black people. The healthiest of LGBT people of African descent are likely to be those whose thoughts do not include notions of an undesired self. Those who have a healthy integration of sexual identity and religious/spiritual identity will likely be those who have cognitively restructured their attitudes about religion, are open to new spiritual experiences, and have a relatively high global self esteem.
Universal Nature of the Nonlinear Stage of Modulational Instability.

We characterize the nonlinear stage of modulational instability (MI) by studying the longtime asymptotics of the focusing nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation on the infinite line with initial conditions tending to constant values at infinity. Asymptotically in time, the spatial domain divides into three regions: a far left and a far right field, in which the solution is approximately equal to its initial value, and a central region in which the solution has oscillatory behavior described by slow modulations of the periodic traveling wave solutions of the focusing NLS equation. These results demonstrate that the asymptotic stage of MI is universal since the behavior of a large class of perturbations characterized by a continuous spectrum is described by the same asymptotic state.
Using Big Data to Advance the Science of Team Effectiveness

Foreword by Richard Klimoski 1. Building Understanding of the Data Science Revolution and IO Psychology Eden B. King, Scott Tonidandel, Jose M. Cortina, & Alexis A. Fink Part I: Big Issues for Big Data Methods 2. Big Data Platform Jacqueline Ryan 3. Statistical Methods for Big Data: A Scenic Tour Frederick L. Oswald & Dan J. Putka 4. Twitter Analysis: Methods for Data Management and a Word Count Dictionary to Measure City-Level Job Satisfaction Ivan Hernandez, Daniel A. Newman, & Gahyun Jeon 5. Data Visualization Evan F. Sinar 6. Sensing Big Data: Multimodal Information Interfaces for Exploration of Large Data Sets Jeffrey Stanton Part II: Big Ideas for Big Data in Organization 7. Implications of the Big Data Movement for the Advancement I-O Science and Practice Dan J. Putka & Frederick L. Oswald 8. Big Data in Talent Selection and Assessment A. James Illingworth, Michael Lippstreu, & Anne-Sophie Deprez-Sims 9. Big Data in Turnover/Retention John P. Hausknecht & Huisi (Jessica) Li 10. Using Big Data to Advance the Science of Team Effectiveness Steve W. J. Kozlowski, Georgia T. Chao, Chu-Hsiang (Daisy) Chang, & Rosemarie Fernandez 11. Using Big Data to Create Diversity and Inclusion in Organizations Whitney Botsford Morgan, Eric Dunleavy, & Peter D. DeVries 12. How Big Data Matters Richard A. Guzzo
Depression in “The Promised Land”: The Chicago Defender Discourages Migration, 1929–1940

Abstract Scholars have credited the Chicago Defender as being a major proponent of the northward movement of African-Americans during the First World War. However, there is very little scholarship on the Defender's commentary on the conditions of African-Americans over time in the so-called “promised land” of the North. This article shows that when the economic opportunities declined during the Great Depression, the Defender started discouraging this northward movement. This article further shows how a major voice for African-American civil rights discovered the many facets of oppression and realized that it must be fought on every front and in every region of the country.
Mobile phase and flow cell comparisons in packed column supercritical fluid chromatography/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry

Comparaison de deux cellules de bonnes performances signal-bruit, avec CO 2 comme phase mobile, ou le freon 23
Influence of pregnancy nutrition status on pregnancy outcome

[Objective]To investigate the influence of dietary behavior and nutrition status of pregnant women on their pregnancy outcome in Boxing County,provide the basis for rational diet,as well as healthy pregnancy and scientific nurture in the future.[Methods]The questionnaire survey was conducted in 259 pregnant women to investigate the dietary behavior and nutrition status.[Results]The levels of nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior of pregnant women were good,but 31.3% of pregnant women had poor nutrition status and knew less knowledge about the rational diet.The education level,weight gain and nutrition status during pregnancy had a statistically significant effect on pregnancy outcome.[Conclusion]It is necessary to establish and perfect different levels of health education institution of pregnant women,guide the pregnant women to plan the scientific and reasonable diet,get into the habit of scientific dietary habits,so as to improve the health of pregnant women and their fetus.
In Touch: The Body and Sensibility as Historical Text

When introducing the body as an interpretive framework, it has become almost cliche to cite poet and essayist Adrienne Rich's instruction that we “begin … with the geography closest in.” For well over a decade, scholars have addressed the body and its attendant intimacies as microsites for examining broad sociopolitical systems of race, gender, class, sex, empire, and nation. This focus on the body contributes to the ongoing feminist work of overturning the analytic dichotomy of public and private and has launched a much newer project of approaching our physical selves as historical subjects in their own right.
Settlement Succession on the Pajarito Plateau, New Mexico

ABSTRACTPrevious explanations of puebloan settlement pattern change in the northern Rio Grande have largely been atheoretical and unparticularistic. In contrast, this study uses Hudson's theory of rural settlement to explain settlement change on the Pajarito Plateau, New Mexico, from A.D. 1150 to 1550. Quadrat and nearest-neighbor analyses are used to describe settlement distribution, and basic descriptive statistics are used to characterize changes in site size over time. The results of the analyses suggest that despite certain theoretical limitations and methodological problems, Hudson's model provides an important starting point for the explanation of settlement succession in the study area.
Some Impressions of European Microwave Dielectric Heating Research in 1965

AbstractA report is given on some informal visits to several laboratories doing research in microwave dielectric heating in Europe during the summer of 1965. Laboratories visited included the Royal Inst. of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish Inst. for Food Preservation Research, Gotenborg, Sweden; Norwegian Defense Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway; Philips Research Labs, Eindhoven, Netherlands; Valvo Gmbh, Hamburg, West Germany; Pye Thermal Bonders, Cambridge, England; and Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Ris-borough, England. The principal applications in the laboratories visted were in the areas of food processing, forest products, textiles, and plastic board. A variety of moderate power (a few kw) installations exist that are well established, and a considerable awareness of the possibilities that exist for high power (hundreds of kw) systems was evident.
Network assemblage of regime stability and resilience: comparing Europe and China

This article demonstrates that the network structures of historical regimes influence the way information is spread, which in turn circumscribe the behaviors of the different groups that make up the system. It advances two central claims. The first is a methodological one showing that patterns of long-term historical change are best studied at the system level, rather than by a traditional equilibrium framework grounded in models of individual behavior. Then, an empirical claim is established by comparisons of China's hub-and-spoke hypernetwork with Europe's multi-hub hypernetwork to show that their different patterns of interconnectivity forged their respective capacities to weather intermittent socioeconomic transitions.
An indacenodithiophene-based semiconducting polymer with high ductility for stretchable organic electronics

An alkyl-substituted indacenodithiophene-based donor–acceptor π-conjugated polymer (PIDTBPD) with low stiffness and high ductility is reported. The polymer was synthesized after DFT calculations predicted that it would have a kinked backbone conformation while showing strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), suggestive of the fact that it would be beneficial to the polymer's elasticity and charge mobility. Atom-efficient direct arylation polymerization (DArP) was exploited to synthesize the polymer. Mechanical studies indicate that PIDTBPD has relatively rapid stress-relaxation properties, which lead to a low elastic modulus of 200 MPa and high crack-onset strain of ca. 40% (lower limit). A moderate charge carrier mobility of 2 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1 with a current on/off ratio of 2.5 × 106 was obtained from the fabricated OFETs. Further experiments were performed to elucidate the structural aspects of this polymer: UV-Vis and PL spectra suggest that minimal conformational change occurs in the polymer between its diluted solution and thin film states; DSC measurements indicate that the polymer's Tg is below −20 °C, allowing it to be in a rubbery state at room temperature; and XRD studies support this observation suggesting that the polymer is mostly amorphous at room temperature.
Ruxolitinib and Polycation Combination Treatment Overcomes Multiple Mechanisms of Resistance of Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a promising oncolytic virus (OV). Although VSV is effective against a majority of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell (PDAC) cell lines, some PDAC cell lines are highly resistant to VSV, and the mechanisms of resistance are still unclear. JAK1/2 inhibitors (such as ruxolitinib and JAK inhibitor I) strongly stimulate VSV replication and oncolysis in all resistant cell lines but only partially improve the susceptibility of resistant PDACs to VSV. VSV tumor tropism is generally dependent on the permissiveness of malignant cells to viral replication rather than on receptor specificity, with several ubiquitously expressed cell surface molecules playing a role in VSV attachment to host cells. However, as VSV attachment to PDAC cells has never been tested before, here we examined if it was possibly inhibited in resistant PDAC cells. Our data show a dramatically weaker attachment of VSV to HPAF-II cells, the most resistant human PDAC cell line. Although sequence analysis of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) mRNA did not reveal any amino acid substitutions in this cell line, HPAF-II cells displayed the lowest level of LDLR expression and dramatically lower LDL uptake. Treatment of cells with various statins strongly increased LDLR expression levels but did not improve VSV attachment or LDL uptake in HPAF-II cells. However, LDLR-independent attachment of VSV to HPAF-II cells was dramatically improved by treating cells with Polybrene or DEAE-dextran. Moreover, combining VSV with ruxolitinib and Polybrene or DEAE-dextran successfully broke the resistance of HPAF-II cells to VSV by simultaneously improving VSV attachment and replication.IMPORTANCE Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is an anticancer approach that uses viruses that selectively infect and kill cancer cells. This study focuses on oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Although VSV is effective against most PDAC cells, some are highly resistant to VSV, and the mechanisms are still unclear. Here we examined if VSV attachment to cells was inhibited in resistant PDAC cells. Our data show very inefficient attachment of VSV to the most resistant human PDAC cell line, HPAF-II. However, VSV attachment to HPAF-II cells was dramatically improved by treating cells with polycations. Moreover, combining VSV with polycations and ruxolitinib (which inhibits antiviral signaling) successfully broke the resistance of HPAF-II cells to VSV by simultaneously improving VSV attachment and replication. We envision that this novel triple-combination approach could be used in the future to treat PDAC tumors that are highly resistant to OV therapy.
Effect of polyethelene oxide on the thermal degradation of cellulose biofilm - Low cost material for soft tissue repair in dentistry.

Background Bio cellulose is a byproduct of sweet tea fermentation known as kombusha. During the biosynthesis by bacteria cellulose chains are polymerized by enzyme from activated glucose. The single chains are then extruded through the bacterial cell wall. Interestingly, a potential of the Kombucha's byproduct bio cellulose (BC) as biomaterial had come into focus only in the past few decades. The unique physical and mechanical properties such as high purity, an ultrafine and highly crystalline network structure, a superior mechanical strength, flexibility, pronounced permeability to gases and liquids, and an excellent compatibility with living tissue that reinforced by biodegradability, biocompatibility, large swelling ratios. Material and methods The bio-cellulose film specimens were provided by the R.P Dressel dental materials laboratory, Department of Comprehensive Care, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, US. The films were harvested, washed with water and dried at room temperature overnight. 1wt% of PEG-2000 and 10wt% of NaOH were added into ultrapure water to prepare PEG/NaOH solution. Then bio-cellulose film was added to the mixture and swell for 3 h at room temperature. All bio-cellulose film specimens were all used in the TA Instruments Q500 Thermogravmetric Analyzer to investigate weight percent lost and degradation. The TGA was under ambient air conditions at a heating rate of 10oC/min. Results and conclusions PEG control exhibited one transition with the peak at 380oC. Cellulose and cellulose/ PEG films showed 3 major transitions. Interestingly, the cellulose/PEG film showed slightly elevated temperatures when compared to the corresponding transitions for cellulose control. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) degradation curves were analyzed. Cellulose control film exhibited two zero order transitions, that indicate the independence of the rate of degradation from the amount on the initial substance. The activation energies for three transitions for cellulose and cellulose/PEG showed increasingly higher values for the transitions at higher temperatures. Key words:TGA, Bio-cellulose, PEG.
How Should We Feed the World

First paragraph: Vandana Shiva’s Who Really Feeds the World? focuses on the ever more critical issue of food security. Throughout the book, Shiva juxtaposes the current global food system and her feminist agroecological solution to demonstrate the failing of the former and the potential of the latter. Each chapter does an excellent job of laying out the shortcomings of the current agribusiness model. The author pulls no punches and makes no attempt to hide her position that agroecology feeds our planet, while agribusiness is slowly killing it. There is little in the way of nuance; her goal is clearly to out agribusiness as being at “war” with the planet and the life that depends on it. To vali­date this claim, the author describes several areas in which agribusiness has served to destroy a diversity of life and may end up severely damaging the planet’s food sources.
Strategies for replacing non-invasive brain stimulation sessions: recommendations for designing neurostimulation clinical trials.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Despite the potential impact of missed visits on the outcomes of neuromodulation treatments, it is not clear how this issue has been addressed in clinical trials. Given this gap in the literature, we reviewed articles on non-invasive brain stimulation in participants with depression or chronic pain, and investigated how missed visits were handled.Areas covered: We performed a search on PUBMED/MEDLINE using the keywords: ‘tDCS’, ‘transcranial direct current stimulation’, ‘transcranial magnetic stimulation’, ‘depression’, and ‘pain’. We included studies with a minimum of five participants who were diagnosed with depression or chronic pain, who underwent a minimum of five tDCS or TMS sessions. A total of 181 studies matched our inclusion criteria, 112 on depression and 69 on chronic pain. Of these, only fifteen (8%) articles reported or had a protocol addressing missed visits. This review demonstrates that, in most of the trials, there is no reported plan to handle missed visits.Expert ...
We all make choices: A decision analysis framework for disposition decision in the emergency department

Abstract Background Emergency Department (ED) providers' disposition decision impacts patient care and safety. The objective of this brief report is to gain a better understanding of ED providers' disposition decision and risk tolerance of associated outcomes. Methods We synthesized qualitative and quantitative methods including decision mapping, survey research, statistical analysis, and word clouds. Between July 2017 and August 2017, a 10-item survey was developed and conducted at the study hospital. Descriptive and statistical analyses were used to assess the relationship between the participant characteristics (age, gender, years of experience in the ED, and level of expertise) and risk tolerance of outcomes (72-h return and negative outcome) associated with disposition decision. Word clouds facilitated prioritization of qualitative responses regarding information impacting and supporting the disposition decision. Results Total of 46 participants completed the survey. The mean age was 39.5 (standard deviation (SD) 10 years), and mean years of experience was 9.6 years (SD 8.7 years). Decision map highlighted the connections between patient-, provider-, and system-related factors. Survey results showed that negative outcome resulted in less risk tolerance compared to 72-h return. Chi-square tests did not provide sufficient evidence to indicate that the responses are independent of participants characteristics – except age and the risk of 72-h return (p = 0.046). Conclusion Discharge decision making in the ED is complex as it involves interconnected patient, provider, and system factors. Synthesizing qualitative and quantitative methods promise enhanced understanding of how providers arrive to disposition decision, as well as safety and quality of care in the ED.
The Location of the Field Museum Yellowstone (F.M.Y., 90) Group Obsidian Source

Two lines of evidence-historical and elemental analyses-indicate that the Field Museum Yellowstone (F.M. Y. or 90 group) obsidian source is actually located in the Camas-Dry Creek area of the Cente...
A Framework for Post-Earthquake Response Planning in Emerging Seismic Regions: An Oklahoma Case Study

This paper presents a framework for establishing post-earthquake response protocols in regions facing emerging seismic hazards through a case study of Oklahoma bridges. First, it establishes the ne...
Marketing Plans that Work: Targeting Growth and Profitability

(2002). Marketing Plans that Work: Targeting Growth and Profitability. Quality Management Journal: Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 75-76.
Rhodamine Fluorescence After 15-year Storage in Methyl Salicylate

Fading of fluorochrome is a significant limitation to fluorescence microscopy. Several anti-fade agents, e.g. n-propyl gallate, are commonly used for glycerol-based mounting media (Longin et al., 1993; Ono et al., 2001). Samples mounted in glycerol must be kept at -20°C for long-term storage to prevent bacterial degradation. In contrast, fluorescent samples cleared and mounted in organic media can be stored indefinitely at room temperature. Methyl salicylate or oil of wintergreen is an excellent clearing agent (refractive index = 1.53), which works well with a variety of fluorochromes. It has a pleasant aroma but is somewhat difficult to work with since it remains liquid after mounting. It was previously reported that shrimp embryos labeled with tubulin antibody and rhodamine-conjugated secondary antibody maintained their fluorescence after six months (Summers et al. 1993). These same samples, stained in November, 1990 and imaged by confocal microscopy for publication in Hertzler and Clark (1992), are still fluorescent after continuous storage in methyl salicylate at room temperature in the dark (Figure 1). The images of 62-cell stage shrimp embryos taken from these 1990 samples were collected with an Olympus Fluoview 300 laser scanning confocal microscope in January, 2006 in the Dept. of Biology, Central Michigan University.
Neutral in Name: Rothe, the Error of Anticlassification, and the State of Race-Neutral Means

This Note discusses the language state-actors use to create affirmative action programs, and the methods courts employ to determine their constitutionality. It describes the context and history of affirmative action jurisprudence, and explains the anticlassification method, the antisubordination method, and the former’s influence on the current tiered approach. This Note then discusses a 2016 D.C. Circuit decision, Rothe v. United States Department of Defense, where the court of appeals held that a statutory preference awarded to people “who ha[ve] been subjected to racial or ethnic prejudice” does not contain a racial classification. In so ruling, the court illustrated one reason why the anticlassification approach to affirmative action jurisprudence is untenable. While anticlassification is already an antiquated method of interpretation, this Note contends that, in light of Rothe, it is an unworkable one as well.
Responding to a medical crisis: Lessons from the Halifax disaster 100 years ago

One hundred years ago, a massive explosion occurred in the harbor of Halifax, Nova Scotia, destroying the city and killing more than 2,000 and injuring more than 9,000. It was the worst manmade explosion the world had ever seen, not exceeded until the atomic bomb blast over Hiroshima in 1945. An urgent appeal for assistance came from the survivors, and many volunteers responded. This report describes the prompt and remarkable medical relief effort of the citizens of Massachusetts to help their Canadian neighbors.
Safety Research and Development for Fusion Power Reactors

At the present time safety research and development for fusion power reactors can be characterized by understanding basic physical phenomena, seeking design solutions to resolve key issues and the ...
Counseling Clients Involved with Violent Intimate Partners: The Mental Health Counselor's Role in Promoting Client Safety

Mental health counselors regularly counsel clients who are in intimate relationships with partners who are violent. There is a dearth of literature addressing safety-related considerations when counseling clients in relationships that involve intimate partner violence (IPV). The authors draw on the literature to address safety-related counseling considerations that can be applied when counseling these clients. This article provides information about how to accurately assess IPV, explores safety-related ethical issues that arise when counseling clients in IPV relationships, and explains the use of safety plans as a tool for promoting the safety of clients in IPV relationships.
Connecting Life-Course Challenges of Caring with the College Curriculum

Five challenges of caring across the life course are described: to be cared for, to care for ourselves, to care for others, to care together with others, and to care for others from whom we differ. Suggestions are provided for how the college and university curriculum and associated experiences can be constructed and presented to best prepare our students to recognize, accept, and meet these five challenges of caring during their own adult development and aging.
A Review of Controversial Issues in Myogenesis

Two recent reviews summarize at some length our work and views related to myogenesis (1,2). In this article, then, we will concentrate on the remarkable differences between the metabolic repetoires of replicating presumptive myoblasts and their daughters, the postmitotic myoblasts. The first issue is whether replicating presumptive myoblasts have the option to fuse, or whether the option to fuse is a unique property acquired only by their daughters, the postmitotic myoblasts. The second issue is whether the postmitotic mononucleated myoblasts are obligated to fuse with other myoblasts to form myotubes before they can transcribe and translate the mRNAs for the definitive contractile proteins. The central issue, in brief, involves delineating how relatively non-specific extracellular cues can activate rigidly circumscribed endogenous programs in cells in different compartments of the myogenic lineage.
The sum of two evils: pneumonia and myocardial infarction: is platelet activation the missing link?

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) affects >5 million adults, causes 1.1 million hospital admissions, and is responsible for >60,000 deaths each year in the United States [(1)][1]. Recent studies connected CAP with cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide [(2)][2], and its
A Sociocultural Theoretical Approach to Understanding Mentor-Mentee Interactions during a Teaching English as a Second Language Practicum at the Master's Degree Level.

Drawing on the sociocultural theoretical (SCT) perspective, we offer a microgenetic analysis of mentor–mentee interactions in the context of pre-service teachers’ practicum in a Master’s program fo...
Interprofessional collaboration between health sciences librarians and health professions faculty to implement a book club discussion for incoming students

Background: The following case example provides an overview of one innovative way to engage health professions faculty with health sciences librarians in the development of an interprofessional book discussion and identifies strategies to address implementation challenges. Academic health sciences librarians worked with the Interprofessional Education (IPE) Steering Committee to organize interprofessional book discussion groups for incoming health professions students. This inaugural book discussion brought together students and faculty of different disciplines to engage students in “learning from, with, and about” other professions. Case Presentation: When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul Kalanithi, allowed involved discussions on important health sciences issues. The project included outreach, designing pre- and post-surveys, scheduling participants, and communicating with all participants before, during, and after the event. A total of seventy-nine students and thirty-six faculty, representing all health professions schools, participated in the small group IPE book discussions over two weeks. Conclusions: Small group book discussions have been shown to be an effective tool to engage students and faculty in IPE. The results of the participant surveys were positive, and the IPE Steering Committee found value in including health sciences librarians throughout the process. Lessons learned from the pilot project include needing an efficient scheduling system, strongly communicating at all stages of the project, and starting the planning process months ahead of time. The IPE Steering Committee plans to conduct similar book discussions every fall semester moving forward and explore options for other IPE events.
A Qualitative Study of Improving Preceptor Feedback Delivery on Professionalism to Postgraduate Year 1 Residents Through Education, Observation, and Reflection

ABSTRACT Background: To better standardize the teaching of professionalism, the American Board of Internal Medicine and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education established competency-based training milestones for internal medicine residency programs. Accordingly, professionalism milestones served as the basis for a faculty development program centered on providing feedback to postgraduate year 1 residents (interns) on their own professionalism behaviors during preceptor-resident sessions in the internal medicine continuity clinic. Methods: To determine the level of faculty (n=8) understanding and comfort in providing feedback, surveys listing 12-month professionalism milestones were distributed to core internal medicine teaching faculty. Current interns (n=10) also rated their understanding of the same milestones. The faculty development program included interpersonal communication education, role-plays of difficult situations, and pocket resources, as well as direct feedback on videotape...
Improving the implementation of tobacco control policies in low-and middle-income countries: a proposed framework

### Summary box As outlined in the WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), addressing the tobacco epidemic is most effectively done through policy responses such as tobacco taxes, smoke-free public places and bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship.1 2 Although tobacco control policies have been adopted across the globe, effective implementation continues to be a major challenge, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs),3–7 where almost 80% of the world’s smokers reside and where the majority of tobacco-related deaths are occurring.8 In order to fully realise the public health benefit from FCTC policies, effective implementation is required. Policy implementation is a critical stage in the policy-making process, preceded by agenda setting, policy formulation and policy adoption.9 It can be broadly defined as the stage that focuses on ‘turning policy intentions into action’,10 including the activities undertaken by groups aimed at achieving the objectives set forth by the adopted policy.11 When a policy is implemented as intended by its designers, the implementation process is considered to have high fidelity, which can in turn positively affect the desired policy outcome.12 Although a number of renowned policy implementation models, frameworks and theories are available,13 14 none of these are sufficiently specific to tobacco control, which is complicated by …
Assessing the benefit of satellite-based Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence in crop yield prediction

Abstract Large-scale crop yield prediction is critical for early warning of food insecurity, agricultural supply chain management, and economic market. Satellite-based Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) products have revealed hot spots of photosynthesis over global croplands, such as in the U.S. Midwest. However, to what extent these satellite-based SIF products can enhance the performance of crop yield prediction when benchmarking against other existing satellite data remains unclear. Here we assessed the benefits of using three satellite-based SIF products in yield prediction for maize and soybean in the U.S. Midwest: gap-filled SIF from Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2), new SIF retrievals from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), and the coarse-resolution SIF retrievals from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2). The yield prediction performances of using SIF data were benchmarked with those using satellite-based vegetation indices (VIs), including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv), and land surface temperature (LST). Five machine-learning algorithms were used to build yield prediction models with both remote-sensing-only and climate-remote-sensing-combined variables. We found that high-resolution SIF products from OCO-2 and TROPOMI outperformed coarse-resolution GOME-2 SIF product in crop yield prediction. Using high-resolution SIF products gave the best forward predictions for both maize and soybean yields in 2018, indicating the great potential of using satellite-based high-resolution SIF products for crop yield prediction. However, using currently available high-resolution SIF products did not guarantee consistently better yield prediction performances than using other satellite-based remote sensing variables in all the evaluated cases. The relative performances of using different remote sensing variables in yield prediction depended on crop types (maize or soybean), out-of-sample testing methods (five-fold-cross-validation or forward), and record length of training data. We also found that using NIRv could generally lead to better yield prediction performance than using NDVI, EVI, or LST, and using NIRv could achieve similar or even better yield prediction performance than using OCO-2 or TROPOMI SIF products. We concluded that satellite-based SIF products could be beneficial in crop yield prediction with more high-resolution and good-quality SIF products accumulated in the future.
Searching for the imprint of cosmic inflation

The BICEP Array will bring a new level of sensitivity to observations of cosmic microwave background polarization patterns on large angular scales, says Clem Pryke on behalf of the BICEP/Keck Collaboration.
Ultrathin Twisted Germanium Sulfide van der Waals Nanowires by Bismuth Catalyzed Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth.

1D nanowires of 2D layered crystals are emerging nanostructures synthesized by combining van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy and vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth. Nanowires of the group IV monochalcogenide germanium sulfide (GeS) are of particular interest for twistronics due to axial screw dislocations giving rise to Eshelby twist and precision interlayer twist at helical vdW interfaces. Ultrathin vdW nanowires have not been realized, and it is not clear if confining layered crystals into extremely thin wires is even possible. If axial screw dislocations are still stable, ultrathin vdW nanowires can reach large twists and should display significant quantum confinement. Here it is shown that VLS growth over Bi catalysts yields vdW nanowires down to ≈15 nm diameter while maintaining tens of µm length. Combined electron microscopy and diffraction demonstrate that ultrathin GeS nanowires crystallize in the orthorhombic bulk structure but can realize nonequilibrium stacking that may lead to 1D ferroelectricity. Ultrathin nanowires carry screw dislocations, remain chiral, and achieve very high twist rates. Whenever the dislocation extends to the nanowire tip, it continues into the Bi catalyst. Eshelby twist analysis demonstrates that the ultrathin nanowires follow continuum predictions. Cathodoluminescence on individual nanowires, finally, shows pronounced emission blue shifts consistent with quantum confinement.
The Historical Record on Active versus Passive Mutual Fund Performance

This study examines the risk-adjusted performance of actively managed mutual funds versus passively managed mutual funds between 1991 and 2019 and finds that there is no statistically significant difference in performance between the two types of funds when the passively managed funds are compared to competitively priced actively managed funds. The practical implication of this study is that, setting tax considerations aside, as long as investors are cost-conscious in their fund selection process, investing in passively managed funds does not meaningfully improve investor outcomes.
Heat and mass transfer in flames

Heat- and mass-transfer processes in turbulent diffusion flames are discussed, considering turbulent mixing and the structure of single-phase flames, drop processes in spray flames, and nonluminous and luminous flame radiation. Interactions between turbulence and other phenomena are emphasized, concentrating on past work of the author and his associates. The conserved-scalar formalism, along with the laminar-flamelet approximation, is shown to provide reasonable estimates of the structure of gas flames, with modest levels of empiricism. Extending this approach to spray flames has highlighted the importance of drop/turbulence interactions; e.g., turbulent dispersion of drops, modification of turbulence by drops, etc. Stochastic methods being developed to treat these phenomena are yielding encouraging results.
Cognitive Training Can Reduce Civilian Casualties in a Simulated Shooting Environment

Shooting a firearm involves a complex series of cognitive abilities. For example, locating an item or a person of interest requires visual search, and firing the weapon (or withholding a trigger squeeze) involves response execution (or inhibition). The present study used a simulated shooting environment to establish a relationship between a particular cognitive ability and a critical shooting error-response inhibition and firing on civilians, respectively. Individual-difference measures demonstrated, perhaps counterintuitively, that simulated civilian casualties were not related to motor impulsivity (i.e., an itchy trigger finger) but rather to an individual's cognitive ability to withhold an already initiated response (i.e., an itchy brain). Furthermore, active-response-inhibition training reduced simulated civilian casualties, which revealed a causal relationship. This study therefore illustrates the potential of using cognitive training to possibly improve shooting performance, which might ultimately provide insight for military and law-enforcement personnel.
Fourier-Related Transforms, Fast Algorithms and Applications

Continuous time FRTs discrete-time FRTs linear vector spaces Laplace transforms LTI systems and filtering LTI systems and filtering discrete FRT properties generalized FRTs fast algorithms discrete-time convolutions number theory and abstract algebra error control codes two stage representations signals and systems random processes response of linear systems digital multivariate systems subband speech and image coding multiresolution signal analysis LTI system identification adoptive systems zero-memory nonlinear systems linear differential equations.
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGKDD International Workshop on Urban Computing

Urbanization's rapid progress has led to many big cities, which have modernized people's lives but also engendered big challenges, such as air pollution, increased energy consumption and traffic congestion. Tackling these challenges can seem nearly impossible years ago given the complex and dynamic settings of cities. Nowadays, sensing technologies and large-scale computing infrastructures have produced a variety of big data in urban spaces, e.g. human mobility, air quality, traffic patterns, and geographical data. The big data implies rich knowledge about a city and can help tackle these challenges when used correctly. Urban computing is a process of acquisition, integration, and analysis of big and heterogeneous data generated by a diversity of sources in urban spaces, such as sensors, devices, vehicles, buildings, and human, to tackle the major issues that cities face, e.g. air pollution, increased energy consumption and traffic congestion. Urban computing connects unobtrusive and ubiquitous sensing technologies, advanced data management and analytics models, and novel visualization methods, to create win-win-win solutions that improve urban environment, human life quality, and city operation systems. Urban computing also helps us understand the nature of urban phenomena and even predict the future of cities.
Abstract T P209: SIRT3 is Upregulated During Stroke and Contributes to Ischemic Damage by Depressing the Transcription of Nuclear Genes

Introduction: The impairment of energy metabolism during stroke is a major contributor to ensuing tissue damage and death. The NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase SIRT3 has been identified as a key regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism. It has also been found to repress the transcription of nuclear genes via histone deacetylation. This study aimed to elucidate the function of nuclear SIRT3 in ischemic stroke. Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by transient right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 90min followed by 72hrs of reperfusion. Infarct area was quantified with Sigma ScanPro5 on 30μm coronal sections stained with Cresyl Violet. Expression of SIRT3 and acetylated lysine proteins was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting with anti-SIRT3 and anti-acetylated lysine antibodies. NAD+ levels were measured with a colorimetric kit. Results: SIRT3 expression was increased in the ischemic hemisphere of wild-type (WT) mice at 72hrs. Higher magnification of the IHC image demonstrated localization of SIRT3 to both the nucleus and mitochondria of labeled cells. Subcellular fractionations confirmed this localization, and revealed a dramatic increase in nuclear translocation of SIRT3 with ischemia. With the same duration of MCAO and reperfusion, SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice displayed a reduction in striatal infarct from 60.6±7.2% to 24.9±9.7% (P<0.05), as well as reduced cortical and hemispheric infarct compared to WT mice. Western blotting of whole cell lysate from WT and KO mice following stroke revealed increased cellular protein acetylation in KO mice. KO mice displayed higher intra-ischemic NAD+ levels than WT mice. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that SIRT3 contributes to brain injury during stroke via ischemia-induced upregulation and translocation to the nucleus, where it deacetylates both histone and non-histone proteins and represses nuclear gene transcription. Consistent with the neuroprotection afforded by the protein’s absence in KO mice, the inhibition of SIRT3 may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for minimizing stroke damage.
Studies on Human Serum β1-Lipoprotein I. AMINO ACID COMPOSITION

The amino acid composition and sialic acid content were determined on preparations of human serum β1-lipoprotein shown to be homogeneous by analytical ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, and gel filtration. The amino acid composition of β1-lipoprotein was compared with a number of other proteins. In contrast to structural lipoproteins, which have been reported to have an usually high content of nonpolar amino acid residues, the amino acid composition of β1-lipoprotein more closely resembles that of soluble simple proteins. A larger contribution to the lipid-binding properties of the polypeptide may be made by electrostatic interactions than by hydrophobic bonding.
Biologically inspired vine-like and tendril-like robots

We describe the current applicability and ongoing potential of novel robots inspired by plants, specifically by tendrils and vines. These robots are capable of "growing" into unpredictable environments, and adhering their bodies to key environmental features in order to provide stability and leverage. Potential operations include exploration (medicine, planetary science, archaeology, disaster relief) and novel materials handling (grappling, bundling, tying).