cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Geothermal gradients of the northern continental shelf of the Gulf of Mexico

A wide, systematic variation of sedimentary geothermal gradients has been previously observed along the northern continental shelf of the Gulf of Mexico. From east to west, geothermal gradients change from 25 to 30 °C/km off Alabama to lower values (15–25 °C/km) off eastern Louisiana and to higher values (30–60 °C/km) off Texas. In order to assess the mechanism responsible for this variation, the present study first compiled an extensive bottom-hole temperature database from over 6000 wells in the northern continental shelf and constructed a more detailed geothermal gradient map than those published previously. Second, basin models were then constructed for three areas within the continental shelf (off Texas, Louisiana, and Alabama) that show differing geothermal gradients. A basin model is a mathematical model that simulates the heat transport through the crust and the sediments of a basin in the context of its geologic evolution. Previous researchers proposed two possible causes for the observed geothermal gradient variation in the northern continental shelf. The first was the thermal effect of sedimentation: areas with faster sediment accumulation result in low geothermal gradients, and vice versa. The second was that basal heat flow (heat flow that enters from the igneous crust to the bottom of the sediments) varied across the continental shelf. The present study finds that sedimentary geothermal gradients in these areas are primarily impacted by two competing mechanisms associated with sediment accumulation. One is the radiogenic heat production within the sediment that adds to the total heat budget upward through the sedimentary column. The other is the transient effect of fast sediment accumulation, which results in reduction in the upward heat flow. Off Louisiana, the transient effect prevails, and hence the area shows the lowest geothermal gradients. Off Texas, due to slower sedimentation, the positive contribution by radiogenic heat is most significant. Off Alabama, because the sediments there are not as thick, the overall contribution of radiogenic heat is less. The models show that the thermal effects of sedimentation are large enough to explain the observed variation in geothermal gradients. Therefore, corresponding variation in basal heat flow is not required.
Nitrogenous Excretion by Embryos of the Viviparous Snake Thamnophis S. Sirtalis (L.)

1. The garter snake embryo excretes an estimated 2.52 mg. nitrogen, of which 1.4 mg. is recoverable from the embryonic confines. The recovered excreta consist of 16.3% uric acid, 23.4% ammonia and 60.3% urea. 2. The placenta is believed, therefore, to transmit to the mother 1.11 mg. nitrogen per embryo, and it is estimated that it transmits to the embryo approximately 45 mg. of protein as amino-acids. 3. Evidence is presented which suggests that protein may be a principal source of energy, particularly early in development. 4. Growth in terms of wet weight, dry weight, and protein is described.
Acid-sulfate mixtures from Río Tinto, Spain: Spectral masking relationships and implications for Mars

Abstract Most sulfate minerals form only in specific pH conditions, making them useful markers of past environmental conditions on Mars. However, interpreting past environments requires a full understanding of the suite of minerals present, a task which is complicated by the fact that some minerals can spectrally mask others in the visible- to near-infrared (VNIR, 0.4–2.5 μm). Here, we report VNIR spectra of two-phase mineral combinations obtained from the Rio Tinto acid mine drainage system of southern Spain. Our results show that in VNIR reflectance spectroscopy: (1) copiapite masks rhomboclase and partially masks melanterite; (2) coquimbite masks copiapite, jarosite, and rhomboclase; (3) at wavelengths 1.2 μm, gypsum masks these minerals; (4) unlike copiapite, jarosite, or melanterite, halotrichite masks gypsum completely; (5) in two-phase mixtures of copiapite and jarosite, both phases are evident. No consistent VNIR relationship is observed in two-phase mixtures of melanterite and halotrichite, suggesting that microtextures are likely more important than optical properties in determining VNIR reflectance. We also show that the shorter wavelengths are more sensitive to the presence of both phases: even in mixtures where one phase is masking another, both phases usually impact absorptions in the 0.75–0.95 μm region. This region may therefore be useful in remotely identifying mineral mixtures on Mars. These results have implications for several regions on Mars: most notably, they imply that the jarosite exposures reported at Mawrth Vallis may be jarosite–copiapite mixtures.
Ancestral vinclozolin exposure alters the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of sperm small noncoding RNAs.

Exposure to the agricultural fungicide vinclozolin during gestation promotes a higher incidence of various diseases in the subsequent unexposed F3 and F4 generations. This phenomenon is termed epigenetic transgenerational inheritance and has been shown to in part involve alterations in DNA methylation, but the role of other epigenetic mechanisms remains unknown. The current study investigated the alterations in small noncoding RNA (sncRNA) in the sperm from F3 generation control and vinclozolin lineage rats. Over 200 differentially expressed sncRNAs were identified and the tRNA-derived sncRNAs, namely 5′ halves of mature tRNAs (5′ halves), displayed the most dramatic changes. Gene targets of the altered miRNAs and tRNA 5′ halves revealed associations between the altered sncRNAs and differentially DNA methylated regions. Dysregulated sncRNAs appear to correlate with mRNA profiles associated with the previously observed vinclozolin-induced disease phenotypes. Data suggest potential connections between sperm-borne RNAs and the vinclozolin-induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance phenomenon.
Investigating Sex-Related Differences in Mathematical Problem-Solving Strategies of Elementary School Students:

The present study investigated whether there were significant differences between boys and girls on the problem-solving strategies they report using during mathematical word problems. The Problem-solving Strategy Survey was administered to 210 boys and 201 girls in Grades 3, 4, and 5 from several public elementary schools. Boys reported making or constructing a model when solving mathematical problems significantly more often than girls, while girls reported using objects like coins and fingers and solving an easier problem within the problem first significantly more often than boys.
Simple formulas for theoretical minimum emittance in storage rings

We present an analytical calculation of the theoretical minimum emittance in storage rings with arbitrary but nonreversing bending magnets. Our derivation is based on a dipole with a short segment of constant bending radius and linear ramps at the ends, which has been shown to be very close to the optimal bending profile. The analytical results confirm and extend the previous ones obtained by numerical optimizations (except for a minor uncertainty on the profile for minimum effective emittance). Simple approximate formulas are given for calculating the theoretical minimum emittance and the parameters of the required bending profile and optics functions, which are of practical value for storage-ring designs. To facilitate designs of linear optics using the optimal bending profiles, we derive a closed expression for the transfer matrix of a linear-ramp dipole. Besides that, the minimum emittance theory is further refined, especially with more rigorous proof of the theory and parameter ranges.
Peptide-Based Affinity Adsorbents with High Binding Capacity for the Purification of Monoclonal Antibodies

High binding capacity and selectivity are key features for the successful application of affinity adsorbents for antibody purification. This study presents the development of affinity resins based on hexapeptide ligand HWRGWV for recovering monoclonal antibodies from cell culture fluids. Methods are presented for the immobilization of the peptide ligand and its variants on polymethacrylate and agarose based chromatographic supports using two main coupling strategies. The first one involves the formation of a peptide bond between the amino groups on the substrate and the peptide C-terminus activated with the uronium coupling agent HATU. The second approach involves resin activation with iodoacetic acid, followed by coupling of a cysteine-terminated variant of the ligand to form a thioether bond. The reaction conditions of peptide coupling were optimized to maximize the binding capacity of the resulting adsorbents. The peptide resins were characterized by measuring their static IgG binding capacities. The m...
LONG WAVE INTERACTION WITH STEEPLY SLOPING STRUCTURES

A fully nonlinear model for free surface potential flows is used to analyze the transformation of solitary waves above a mild slope, from intermediate to shallow water (shoaling, overturning), and to study the interaction of these waves with coastal structures located in the shallow area. Computations include wave runup, overturning and reflection form steep slopes or vertical wall, and from a combination of a slope and a submerged breakwater. Results are compared with other numerical, analytical and experimental results. Effects of the submerged breakwater, of making horizontal velocities more uniform over depth and of reducing wave runup on the slope, are further detailed.
Port-synchronizable test sequences for communication protocols

In conformance testing of a communication protocol, the synchronization between inputs from different testers for the protocol becomes a problem. A synchronizable test sequence of a finite state machine (FSM) is a test sequence for which the synchronization problem either does not exist or can be solved by communication between testers. In this paper, for a multi-port FSM with one tester for each port, we define a necessary and sufficient condition under which a test sequence of the FSM does not have the synchronization problem. Such a test sequence is called a port-synchronizable test sequence. Our empirical results show that an FSM may contain many port-synchronizable test sequences that are not synchronizable according to a previous definition of a synchronizable test sequence.
Gel Spinning of Polyacrylonitrile/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Fibers

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/cellulose nanocrytal (CNC) fibers containing 0, 1, 5, and 10 wt % CNCs have been successfully produced by gel spinning. The rheological properties of solutions were investigated and the results showed that the complex viscosity and storage modulus of solutions were significantly affected by the presence of CNCs in the solution. Structure, morphology, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of these fibers have been investigated. Tensile modulus and strength increased from 14.5 to 19.6 GPa and from 624 to 709 MPa, respectively, as CNC loading increased from 0 to 10 wt %. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction results showed better PAN chain alignment and higher PAN crystallinity with the incorporation of CNCs.
Diversity Measures for Smart Cities

Diversity is a key consideration in the construction of smart cities. With this in mind we introduce a measure of diversity related to the problem of selecting of selecting n objects from a pool of candidates lying in q categories. We introduce the concept of target diversity index (TDI) and describe various agendas for defining it. We look at the problem of trying to select elements to satisfy some desirable criterion that additionally satisfy a requirement of being diverse. We suggest some aggregation methods for combining these multiple criteria.
Brain iron uptake and homeostatic mechanisms: an overview

Timely and adequate iron acquisition by the brain is essential to normal neurological function. Despite the numerous cognitive and neurological impairments that are associated with disruptions in brain iron acquisition, including both too much and too little iron, the mechanism and regulation of the mechanisms by which the brain acquires iron are poorly understood. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge regarding expression of iron transport proteins in the brain, brain iron uptake and discuss why a model for brain iron uptake must take into consideration the potentially competing influences on the endothelial cell between the status of iron in the brain versus the systemic iron status.
Further Evidence for a Selective Post-Synaptic α-Adrenoceptor Blockade with Prazosin in Vascular Smooth Muscle

Evidence to date indicates that pre- and post-synaptic α-adrenoceptors differ with respect to their affinities for both agonist (Starke, Endo and Taube, 1975) and antagonist drugs (Dubocovich and Langer, 1974; Starke, Borowski and Endo, 1975). Recently we have reported that prazosin has a marked affinity for post- as opposed to pre-synaptic α-adrenoceptors in the rabbit pulmonary artery (Cambridge, Davey and Massingham, 1977). Further experiments have been carried out to examine whether any interaction occurs between prazosin and an agonist and antagonist known to be selective for pre-synaptic α-adrenoceptors in rabbit pulmonary arteries. Interaction studies demonstrated that yohimbine caused a concentration dependent shift in the dose-response curve to clonidine at pre-synaptic α-adrenoceptors, but had little effect on the contractile activity of clonidine at post-synaptic α-adrenoceptors. By contrast, prazosin had little effect on the action of clonidine at pre-synaptic α-adrenoceptors, but caused a concentration dependent shift in the dose-response curve to clonidine at post-synaptic α-adrenoceptors. These observations demonstrate that prazosin, unlike yohimbine, has only affinity for post-synaptic α-adrenoceptors. In support of this conclusion it was found that prazosin, at concentrations sufficient to block the stimulation of post-synaptic α-adrenoceptors did not modify the action of yohimbine in promoting 3HNA release via pre-synaptic α-adrenoceptor blockade. These results therefore provide further evidence that prazosin is a potent selective antagonist at the post-synaptic α-adrenoceptors in vascular smooth muscle which preserves the integrity of the pre-synaptically mediated negative feedback loop.
The limbus of the fossa ovalis: an unusual location for incessant focal atrial tachycardia in children.

The patient was a child referred for dilated cardiomyopathy in whom focal atrial tachycardia was diagnosed ( Panel A ; Supplementary material online, Files 1–3 ). The focus was mapped and ablated at the limbus of the fossa ovalis ( Panel B ) and thereafter complete …
The Bicentennial of the Stethoscope: 1816 to 2016

This year marks the bicentennial of the invention of the stethoscope by Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec in 1816, working at the Necker Hospital in Paris. Mediate auscultation was a logical evolution within French clinical empiricism that combined elucidated physical signs with autopsy correlation to provide diagnostic insight into diseases of the lungs and heart. Over the past 2 centuries, the stethoscope has brought the doctor and patient closer together, and it has become a fundamental tool in medical practice and the symbol of the clinician.
Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant (Ozurdex®) for Exudative Retinal Detachment after Proton Beam Therapy for Choroidal Melanoma:

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal 0.7-mg dexamethasone implant (DEX-I) (Ozurdex®) in the treatment of extensive exudative retinal detachment (RD) associated with uveal melanoma treated using proton beam therapy (PBT). Methods Data from 10 patients with exudative RD after PBT treated with intravitreal injection of 0.7-mg DEX-I were reviewed retrospectively. The main outcome measures were resolution of exudative RD, visual acuity, and safety profile. Results Mean age was 55.6 years (range 34-85). Mean time between PBT and DEX-I was 12.4 months (range 3-25). Mean follow-up was 9.9 months (range 4-15). Intravitreal Ozurdex® reduced exudative RD in 7 cases (70%) on average 3.1 months after injection with complete resolution of RD in 6 of these (60%). For half of the patients, their level of vision remained stable; the other half experienced a deterioration in visual acuity at the end of follow-up. No adverse effects were observed. Conclusions In this small case series, treatment with intravitreal DEX-I reduced exudative RD in the majority of cases and had an acceptable safety profile.
Saint Frideswide: A Changing Legend for Changing Times

St. Frideswide is the patron saint of Oxford, the town and university. According to her legend, Frideswide dedicated her life to God, serving as an abbess in what is now Oxford and its surrounding area. She is credited with performing many miracles such as eliciting a well for a nunnery and healing a leper. Even after her death, people thanked Frideswide for healing them from injury and affliction. Frideswide lived from 650-727 yet the earliest recording of her story is from the early twelfth-century, nearly 500 years after her death. The legend of St. Frideswide was written many times. The most commonly studied primary sources include three versions written in Latin and two in Middle English, the common language of twelfth-century England. While all of the versions contain some similarities, they were each written at a different time, by different authors, for unique audiences, and served different social and political purposes. None of the versions are a clear and truthful biography of Frideswide. As England underwent a Christian Reformation, Frideswide, her legend, and her relics were lost. Once rediscovered, her legend continued to metamorphosize. While the legend of Frideswide can explain some aspects of her contemporary society and its views of women, the legends shed even more light on the authors' societies and the changing status of women. These changes to Frideswide's legend continue today. 1
Low serum cholesterol and mortality from injuries and suicide

Source Citation Lindberg G, Rastam L, Gullberg B, Eklund GA. Low serum cholesterol concentration and short term mortality from injuries in men and women. BMJ. 1992 Aug 1;304:277-9.
Book Review: Where’s the Wisdom in Service-Learning?

Reviewed in this article: Where’s the Wisdom in Service-Learning? Edited by Robert Shumer. Information Age Publishing, Charlotte, NC. April 1, 2017. ISBN: 978-1681238647. 204 pages.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Dilation: A Case Study:

Fetal urinary tract dilation (UTD), also known as fetal hydronephrosis, is one of the most common sonographically identified malformations in the prenatal period. The leading cause of UTD is a vari...
Family Involvement in Pediatric Dialysis and Transplantation

Family cooperation is urgently needed when children require frequent hospital visits, special diets, medication, and, for some, kidney transplants
Galactoside accumulation associated with ion movements in Streptococcus lactis.

Abstract Active transport of thiomethyl-β-galactoside by Streptococcus lactis 7962 occurred during valinomycin-induced potassium ion movement, in the absence of metabolizable substrate.
Undergraduate and Graduate Communication Sciences and Disorders Students׳ Views regarding the Pursuit of a Doctorate of Philosophy Degree

Abstract Purpose There is a recognized shortage of Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) professionals who hold a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in the field of CSD. The purpose of this study was to explore CSD students׳ views towards pursuing a PhD and to investigate the relationship between CSD students׳ exposure to research and their views regarding the pursuit of a PhD in order to understand and generate possible solutions to the PhD shortage. Method The quantitative cross-sectional survey study included undergraduate (n = 49) and graduate (n = 51) CSD students from 12 Midwestern CSD institutions in the United States. The CSD PhD survey was administered via an online survey tool. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, correlational analyses, and the nonparametric Friedman׳s test with a series of post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results Participants most frequently ranked research interest, desire for knowledge, and making a contribution to the discipline as the most important reasons why one would pursue a PhD. Participants most frequently ranked lack of research interest, satisfaction with current degree and position, and cost of doctoral program as the most important reasons why one would not pursue a PhD. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between CSD students׳ interest in research and their views about pursuing a PhD. Discussion The implications of this study support the need to further investigate the relationship between students׳ exposure and interest in research and their views about pursuing a PhD in order to optimize PhD recruitment efforts.
Robot Applications Within General Motors

At no time in the history of our industry have we been faced with the challenges that we see today, both in terms of the competition in our industry and also in the selectivity shown by our customers. In meeting these challenges, General Motors has initiated programs in virtually every aspect of its operations.
Measure Theory — Key Results

Outer measures and extension; Lebesgue and Lebesgue-Stieltjes measures; Jordan-Hahn and Lebesgue decompositions; Radon Nikodým theorem; Lebesgue’s differentiation theorem; functions of finite variation; Riesz’ representation theorem; Haar and invariant measures.
High-Impact Practices and the Adult Online Learner

Institutions of higher education are challenged to get students engaged, especially adult or non-traditional online learners. In this study, the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) 2017 & 2018 data on High-Impact Practices (HIPs) are examined to understand the extent to which adult online learners are engaged in HIPs. This analysis finds that engagement levels for adult learners are lower than those of traditional learners (under the age of 24) for all HIPs surveyed by the NSSE. Moreover, the levels of engagement of the subset of adult learners who took only online courses was even lower than the levels of the broader adult population, and part-time adult online learners had the lowest engagement of all student populations examined. Based on these findings, suggestions for improving the engagement of adult and online learners in HIPs are discussed. Institutions should focus on incorporating opportunities that allow more learners to experience HIPs, as research findings suggest that HIPS increase engagement and could result in significant improvements in student success measures, such as program completion and graduate school attendance (Stoloff, Good, Smith, & Brewster, 2015).
Preexcited Atrial Fibrillation after a Blood Draw

Preexcited Atrial Fibrillation after a Blood Draw A 33-year-old man presented to the emergency department with palpitations. An electrocardiogram showed preexcited atrial fibrillation.
A NEW APPROACH AND COMPUTATIONAL ALGORITHM FOR SENSITIVITY/UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS FOR SED AND SAD WITH APPLICATION TO BERYLLIUM INTEGRAL EXPERIMENTS

A new approach for treating the sensitivity and uncertainty in the secondary energy distribution (SED) and the secondary angular distribution (SAD) has been developed, and the existing two-dimensio...
Evidence for the molecular dissociation of binding and post-binding functions in cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

The interaction between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and its target cell has been a model of immune cellular interaction for several years because of the relatively short time course between the actual receptor-ligand interaction and its functional expression in target cell lysis. The nature of the lethal event within the target remains unclear but recent experiments from our laboratory and others have suggested that CTL mediated lysis involves not only the production of an osmotic lesion in the plasma membrane but also rapid changes in nuclear and chromatin structure (see ref. #1 for review). This nuclear lesion distinguishes CTL mediated lysis from cell death mediated by Ab+C1 or hypotonic shock.
First case of paralytic ileus after endoscopic mucosal resection of caecal polyp

Abstract Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a technique developed for the removal of sessile or flat neoplastic lesions confined to the superficial layers (mucosa and submucosa) of the gastrointestinal tract. Bleeding and perforation are well-known complications of EMR. Here we report the first case of paralytic ileus after EMR of a caecal polyp. A 66-year-old man was scheduled for elective EMR of a 3.5-cm caecal polyp under general anaesthesia after a screening colonoscopy. The procedure was performed by an expert endoscopist, and air was insufflated during the procedure because of the unavailability of CO2. The polyp was successfully removed; the procedure duration was 81 min. After the procedure, the patient complained of abdominal pain and dyspnoea. He developed tachypnoea and tachycardia as well as oxygen desaturation with SpO2 84%. He was administered oxygen therapy via a non-rebreather mask, following which his oxygenation improved. His abdominal X-ray findings were consistent with ileus. Therefore, a nasogastric tube was placed, and the patient was admitted to our hospital. He was managed conservatively and underwent serial abdominal X-rays that showed improvement of the ileus. On the fourth day of admission, he was started on an oral diet; on the sixth day of admission, he was discharged with resolving ileus. Computed tomography enterography performed 1 week after discharge showed complete resolution of the ileus. Factors that may have contributed to the occurrence of ileus in our patient include the use of air during the procedure, location of the polyp (caecal), duration of the procedure, effect of electrocautery, use of general anaesthesia and possibility of aspiration pneumonitis. This case report will make endoscopists aware of the abovementioned factors while performing EMR as this procedure can lead to the complication of paralytic ileus with significant patient morbidity. Conservative treatment should be attempted first before any other intervention.
An Analysis of the Perception of Psoriasis Symptoms and the Impact on Willingness to Seek Medical Attention

Background:Most people with psoriasis do not have a medical visit for psoriasis within a given year.Objective:To assess individuals’ perceptions of the impact of psoriasis symptoms and how this imp...
“Down Woodward”: A Case Study of Empowering Youth to See and Disrupt Segregation Using Photovoice Methods:

This case study examined how the Michigan Youth Policy Fellows program—which aimed to create a space for a team of adolescents to engage in a collaborative photovoice project with peers from divers...
UAV-enabled Human Internet of Things

In this paper, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) - enabled human Internet of Things (IoT) architecture is introduced to enable the rescue operations in public safety systems (PSSs). Initially, the first responders select in an autonomous manner the disaster area that they will support by considering the dynamic socio-physical changes of the surrounding environment and following a set of gradient ascent reinforcement learning algorithms. Then, the victims create coalitions among each other and the first responders at each disaster area based on the expected- maximization approach. Finally, the first responders select the UAVs that communicate with the Emergency Control Center (ECC), to which they will report the collected data from the disaster areas by adopting a set of log-linear reinforcement learning algorithms. The overall distributed UAV-enabled human Internet of Things architecture is evaluated via detailed numerical results that highlight its key operational features and the performance benefits of the proposed framework.
Abstract 5287: TGF-β-acetylated KLF5-Bcl-2 signaling mediates docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer cells

Purpose: In this study, we explored the role of KLF5 in TGF-β-induced drug resistance in prostate cancer cells to identify novel therapeutic targets. Procedures: We used DU 145 and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines in in vitro cell survival assay, colony survival assay, and xenograft mouse model to measure docetaxel (DTX) resistance. TGF-β1, the SB505124 TGF-β receptor I inhibitor, and the ABT-199 Bcl-2 inhibitor were used to determine if Bcl-2 mediates TGFβ induced docetaxel resistance. To measure the function of KLF5 and its acetylation at lysine 369 in drug resistance, stable cell lines were constructed with different forms of KLF5 after the endogenous KLF5 was deleted with the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Results: We found that TGF-β induced DTX resistance depends on KLF5 expression. As a downstream molecule of TGF-β signaling, acetylated KLF5 at lysine 369 mediated TGF-β-induced DTX resistance. Moreover, acetylated KLF5 induced DTX resistance in xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, we found that TGF-β and acetylated KLF5 upregulated Bcl-2 transcription, and inhibition of Bcl-2 sensitized cells to DTX. In addition, DTX promoted Bcl-2 degradation via a proteasome dependent pathway, and TGF-β signaling stabilized Bcl-2 via inhibition of Bcl-2 ubiquitination. Lastly, the TGF-β/acetylated KLF5/Bcl-2 signaling axis induced survival disadvantage in prostate cancer patients. Conclusions: TGF-β induces transcriptional upregulation of Bcl-2 through acetylated KLF5 at lysine 369, and TGF-β stabilizes Bcl-2 via inhibition of DTX-induced Bcl-2 ubiquitination. The TGF-β-acetylated KLF5-Bcl-2 signaling axis is thus a novel mechanism mediating DTX resistance in prostate cancer. Citation Format: Yixiang Li, Baotong Zhang, Jin-Tang Dong. TGF-β-acetylated KLF5-Bcl-2 signaling mediates docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5287.
Higher-order central moments of matrix Fisher distribution on SO(3)

Abstract This paper presents an iterative formulation to compute the central moments of the matrix Fisher distribution on the three dimensional special orthogonal group up to an arbitrary order.
Development of self-directed activities and a validated exam for primary care advanced pharmacy practice experiences.

Abstract Introduction The impact of required self-directed activities (SDAs) measured by written exam on advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) has not been reported. The primary objective of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of a pre/post exam to measure knowledge when SDAs are incorporated into primary care APPEs. Secondary objectives included assessment of pre/post exam scores and students' perceptions of their learning through SDAs. Methods Two faculty implemented required SDAs and a pre/post-exam in their APPEs. Face and content validity were assessed using expert consensus. A retrospective exam of student performance from May 2016 to April 2018 was performed (n = 42). Additional APPE assessment scores were also collected to determine correlations and establish criterion validity. Students who completed the APPE during May 2016 to February 2017 (n = 17) were invited to complete an anonymous, 15-item cross-sectional survey to assess student perceptions of the activities. Differences in self-rated knowledge before and after the rotation were assessed. Results Pre-exam and post-exam scores positively correlated with journal club and the APPE grading rubric and final scores. Overall, interrater reliability was excellent. Significant improvement was seen between pre-/post exam scores with a mean (SD) change of 21.5% (9.4%). Thirteen (77%) students completed the anonymous survey and rated their perceived knowledge significantly higher after completing the SDAs. Conclusions The pre/post exam was valid, reliable, and positively correlated with other graded assignments. Significant improvements in exam scores and survey results support SDAs as an effective teaching method on primary care APPEs.
School nurse perception of asthma care in school-based telehealth

School-based telehealth (SBTH) offers an opportunity to overcome traditional barriers to providing comprehensive asthma care for children. Guided by an implementation science framework considering ...
Can pharmacotherapy improve treatment outcomes in people with co-occurring major depressive and cocaine use disorders?

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and cocaine use disorder (CUD) are prevalent and frequently co-occur. When co-occurring, the presence of one disorder typically negatively impacts the ...
Directed and focused light emission from GaN quantum well metasurfaces

This Conference Presentation, “Directed and focused light emission from GaN quantum well metasurfaces,” was recorded at SPIE Optics + Photonics held in San Diego, California, United States.
Young adult birthday celebrations as windows of risk for alcohol and cannabis use: 21st birthdays compared to other young adult birthdays.

OBJECTIVE Alcohol use among college students during 21st birthday celebrations constitutes a well-known example of event-specific drinking when alcohol use is both pervasive and heavy. Less is known about how 21st birthday alcohol use compares to other birthday celebrations during young adulthood, whether similar increases occur for cannabis use on 21st birthdays, and whether the "21st birthday effect" is similar for noncollege young adults. Alcohol and cannabis use during 19th to 25th birthday celebrations were explored among college and noncollege students. METHOD Participants were 720 young adults of ages 18 to 23 (M = 21.1, SD = 1.7) at enrollment who completed 24 monthly surveys, and 204 reported on a 21st birthday. Participants resided in a state where cannabis was legal and were asked the month following their birthday whether they engaged in alcohol and cannabis use as part of their birthday celebration. RESULTS Multilevel models found a 21st birthday effect for alcohol use as individuals consumed over twice as many drinks on their 21st birthday than would have been expected given age trends in birthday drinking, and this effect held for college and noncollege students. A 21st birthday effect for cannabis was not found. CONCLUSIONS 21st birthday celebrations represent a high-risk drinking event for young adults in general, and the current findings suggest event-specific prevention programs targeting all young adults turning 21 are warranted. Unlike alcohol where turning 21 is associated with socially and culturally normative use, a similar 21st birthday effect was not found for cannabis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Early Postoperative Outcomes of Super Morbid Obese Compared to Morbid Obese Patients After Ambulatory Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of a National Database.

BACKGROUND Patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥50 kg/m2, defined as super morbid obesity, represent the fastest growing segment of patients with obesity in the United States. It is currently unknown if super morbid obese patients are at greater odds than morbid obese patients for poor outcomes after outpatient surgery. The main objective of the current investigation is to assess if super morbid obese patients are at increased odds for postoperative complications after outpatient surgery when compared to morbid obese patients. METHODS The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database from 2017 to 2018 was queried to extract and compare patients who underwent outpatient surgery and were defined as either morbidly obese (BMI >40 and <50 kg/m2) or super morbidly obese (BMI ≥50 kg/m2). The primary outcome was the occurrence of medical adverse events within 72 hours of discharge. In addition, we also examine death and readmissions as secondary outcomes. A propensity-matched analysis was used to evaluate the association of BMI ≥50 kg/m2 versus BMI between 40 and 50 kg/m2 and the outcomes. RESULTS A total of 661,729 outpatient surgeries were included in the 2017-2018 NSQIP database. Of those, 7160 with a BMI ≥50 kg/m2 were successfully matched to 7160 with a BMI <50 and ≥40 kg/m2. After matching, 17 of 7160 (0.24%) super morbid obese patients had 3-day medical complications compared to 15 of 7160 (0.21%) morbid obese patients (odds ratio [OR; 95% confidence interval {CI}] = 1.13 [0.57-2.27], P = .72). The rate of 3-day surgical complications in super morbid obese patients was also not different from morbid obese patients. Thirty-five of 7160 (0.48%) super morbid obese patients were readmitted within 3 days, compared to 33 of 7160 (0.46%) morbid obese patients (OR [95% CI] = 1.06 [0.66-1.71], P = .80). When evaluated in a multivariable analysis as a continuous variable (1 unit increase in BMI) in all patients, BMI ≥40 kg/m2 was not significantly associated with overall medical complications (OR [95% CI] = 1.00 [0.98-1.04], P = .87), overall surgical complication (OR [95% CI] = 1.02 [0.98-1.06], P = .23), or readmissions (OR [95% CI] = 0.99 [0.97-1.02], P = .8). CONCLUSIONS Super morbid obesity is not associated with higher rates of early postoperative complications when compared to morbid obese patients. Specifically, early pulmonary complications were very low after outpatient surgery. Super morbid obese patients should not be excluded from outpatient procedures based on a BMI cutoff alone.
Marketers Should Encourage Bargaining

Bargaining models suggest an optimal pricing strategy that is not necessarily consistent with the conventional theory of setting price with respect to marginal cost and marginal revenue. This paper suggests that sellers should negotiate with large accounts and should set their list prices and discount structures for small accounts in terms of the target profit derived from a bargaining model.
Applying Interactive Planning at DuPont: The Case of Transforming a Safety, Health, and Environmental Function to Deliver Business Value

Organizational transformation is a dynamic process that astounds those who attempt to create better work environments. Corporations often use transformations to downsize and/or outsource functions. Although the Safety, Health, and Environmental (SHE) function has experienced little change in the past 25 years, pressure is increasing to reduce costs and deliver business value. Often, cost reduction means downsizing and memory loss. Delivering business value means moving the SHE function into the business, with modest attention given to integrating the work. Four major findings resulted in the transformation of a SHE function in DuPont using Interactive Planning: (1) SHE professionals transformed from independent to interdependent knowledge workers, (2) SHE performance improved by almost 50%, (3) enabling factors were participation and personal commitment and disabling factors were organizational turbulence and lack of recognition, and (4) organizational learning flourished among SHE professionals and tacit SHE knowledge became explicit on the factory floor.
Genetics of spondyloarthritis--beyond the MHC

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often coexist in the same patient and in their families. In AS, genes within the MHC region, in particular HLA-B27, account for nearly 25% of disease hereditability, with additional small contributions from genes outside of the MHC locus, including those involved in intracellular antigen processing (that is, ERAP1, which interacts with HLA-B27) and cytokine genes such as those involved in the IL-17-IL-23 pathway. Similar to AS, the strongest genetic signal of susceptibility to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis also emanates from the MHC region (attributable mostly to HLA-C(*)06:02 although other genes have been implicated), and gene-gene interaction of HLA-C with ERAP1. The remaining hereditary load is from genes involved in cytokine production, specifically genes in the IL-17-IL-23 pathway, the NFκB pathway and the type 2 T-helper pathway. In IBD, similar genetic influences are operative. Indeed, genes important in the regulation of the IL-17-IL-23 pathway and, in Crohn's disease, genes important for autophagy (that is, NOD2 and ATG16L1 and IRGM) have a role in conferring susceptibility of individuals to these diseases. Thus, AS, psoriasis and IBD seem to share similar pathogenic mechanisms of aberrant intracellular antigen processing or elimination of intracellular bacteria and cytokine production, especially in the IL-17-IL-23 pathway.
When Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Fail to Meet Consent Standards

It does not necessarily follow that just because an embryonic stem line was not derived according to current consent standards it ought not to be used.
Uncertain Terms: Negotiating Gender in American Culture

Uncertain Terms: Negotiating Gender in American Culture. Faye Ginsburg and Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing. eds. Boston: Beacon Press, 1990. 338 pp. $24.95 (cloth), $16.00 (paper)
A Nonparametric Test of Market (Mis-) Timing

In this paper we propose a nonparametric test for money managers' market timing ability and apply the analysis to a large sample of mutual funds that have different benchmark indices. The test (i) only requires the ex post returns of the funds and the benchmark portfolios; (ii) isolates timing from selectivity; (iii) separates the quality of timing information a money manager possesses from the aggressiveness with which she reacts to such information; and (iv) is robust to different information and incentive structures as well as underlying distributions. Theta - the parameter for timing ability - is on average below the neutral level (indexation) among actively managed domestic equity funds, and is very difficult to predict from observable fund characteristics. Overall, actively managed funds aiming at "timing the market" in general fall short of just "riding with the market."
Contributions to the Method of Paired Comparisons

A least-squares solution for the method of paired comparisons is given. The approach pro vokes a theorem regarding the amount of data necessary and sufficient for a solution to be ob tained. This theorem establishes that it is possible to find a solution when there is a great deal of missing data. A measure of the internal consistency of the least-squares fit is developed. It is indicated that the method of paired comparisons need not be applied only to data obtained experimentally from the law of comparative judgment; indeed, an exam ple (rating university football teams) involving ob servational data is worked out.
Using the Q system in Drosophila melanogaster

In Drosophila, the GAL4/UAS/GAL80 repressible binary expression system is widely used to manipulate or mark tissues of interest. However, complex biological systems often require distinct transgenic manipulations of different cell populations. For this purpose, we recently developed the Q system, a second repressible binary expression system. We describe here the basic steps for performing a variety of Q system experiments in vivo. These include how to generate and use Q system reagents to express effector transgenes in tissues of interest, how to use the Q system in conjunction with the GAL4 system to generate intersectional expression patterns that precisely limit which tissues will be experimentally manipulated and how to use the Q system to perform mosaic analysis. The protocol described here can be adapted to a wide range of experimental designs.
Modulation of the frequency response of Shaker potassium channels by the quiver peptide suggesting a novel extracellular interaction mechanism.

Abstract:Recent studies have indicated that the Shaker potassium channel regulates sleep in Drosophila. The Drosophila quiver (qvr) gene encodes a novel potassium channel subunit that modulates the Shaker potassium channel. The Qvr peptide contains a signal sequence for extracellular localization and may regulate a unique feature of the Shaker IA current that confers special neuronal excitability patterns. Thus, studies of the Shaker channel properties in the qvr mutant background should provide an opportunity to uncover a new form of physiologic modulation of potassium channels. We have begun to investigate the impact of qvr protein on the Shaker channel properties and its implications in synaptic function in vivo. We studied synaptic transmission at the larval neuromuscular junction and characterized the transient potassium current IA in larval muscles. We identified two different functional states of IA in qvr larval muscles, as reflected by two distinct components, IAF and IAS, differing in their kine...
Characterization of Reactive Sites in Supported Catalysts by 51V/15N Rotational Echo Double Resonance NMR Spectroscopy: Formation of Phenylimido Groups at Surface-Bound Oxovanadium Sites

Silica-supported oxovanadium groups were reacted in a gas−solid reaction with aniline at 175 °C. The reaction was clean as monitored in situ by UV−vis spectroscopy and resulted in the elimination of water as the principal product of the reaction and the disappearance of the terminal VO stretch in the Raman spectrum. 15N MAS solid-state NMR spectroscopy showed only a single nitrogen-containing species on the surface. Proton-dephased 15N NMR showed only weak attenuation of its intensity, indicating that there are no protons directly bonded to the nitrogen. The formation of a vanadium−imido covalent bond was characterized by 51V/15N rotational echo double resonance NMR spectroscopy where the quadrupolar 51V nucleus was monitored and the spin-1/2 15N nucleus was dephased.
Effect of nonuniform sensitivity distribution along a wire ther moane mometer probe on turbulence measurement

The effect is determined of nonuniform distribution of temperatures along a wire probe on the averaged turbulent velocity pulsation along it.
Forward modeling of linear mixing in thermal IR ground leaving radiance spectra

Hyperspectral thermal IR remote sensing is an effective tool for the detection and identification of gas plumes and solid materials. Virtually all remotely sensed thermal IR pixels are mixtures of different materials or temperatures. As sensors improve and hyperspectral thermal IR remote sensing becomes more quantitative, the concept of homogeneous pixels becomes inadequate. The contributions of the constituents to the pixel spectral ground leaving radiance are weighted by their spectral emissivity as well as their temperature, or more correctly, temperature distributions, because real pixels are rarely thermally homogeneous. Planck's Law defines a relationship between temperature and radiance that is strongly wavelength dependent, even for blackbodies. Spectral ground leaving radiance (GLR) from mixed pixels is temperature and wavelength dependent and the relationship between observed radiance spectra from mixed pixels and library emissivity spectra of mixtures of 'pure' materials is indirect. This paper presents results from a simple model of linear mixing of pixel spectral GLR. A pixel consists of one or more materials each with a temperature distribution and an emissivity spectrum. Temperature distributions consistent with high resolution thermal images are used as inputs to the model. The impact of spatial-temporal fluctuation of skin temperature on skin temperature variability will be discussed. The results show the strong sensitivity of spectral GLR at shorter wavelengths to temperature and significant variation of radiance mixture proportions with wavelength in the mid-infrared (3-5μm). Spectral GLR of mixtures in the 8-12μm domain are more modestly impacted but the impact of subpixel mixing and variability is still significant. A demonstration of the effects of linear mixing on linear un-mixing is also presented.