cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ca2+-independent Binding of Anionic Phospholipids by Phospholipase C δ1 EF-hand Domain

Recombinant EF-hand domain of phospholipase C δ1 has a moderate affinity for anionic phospholipids in the absence of Ca2+ that is driven by interactions of cationic and hydrophobic residues in the first EF-hand sequence. This region of PLC δ1 is missing in the crystal structure. The relative orientation of recombinant EF with respect to the bilayer, established with NMR methods, shows that the N-terminal helix of EF-1 is close to the membrane interface. Specific mutations of EF-1 residues in full-length PLC δ1 reduce enzyme activity but not because of disturbing partitioning of the protein onto vesicles. The reduction in enzymatic activity coupled with vesicle binding studies are consistent with a role for this domain in aiding substrate binding in the active site once the protein is transiently anchored at its target membrane.
The Implications of Merleau-Ponty's Thought for the Practice of Psychotherapy

In his monumental work on Freud, Ricœur argues that Freud’s archaeology needs to be supplemented/counterbalanced/integrated with its own incipient teleology, and he turns to Hegel to find what psychoanalysis has left undeveloped. I am convinced by Ricœur’s critique, but not by his prescription: I agree that Freud’s preoccupation with the past needs to be contextualized within a more comprehensive and integrated understanding of human temporality, but I propose to look in Merleau-Ponty’s thought, rather than Hegel’s, for that context. Both Merleau-Ponty and Hegel understand freedom and reason to be the goals which define human teleology, but Hegel’s absolute reason is incompatible with Merleau-Ponty’s conception of reason as essentially finite. Without pausing to argue the case, here I shall simply opt for finitude and proceed to examine the implications that Merleau-Ponty’s teleology of freedom and reason has for the practice of psychotherapy.
Species specificity of FSH and LH as determined by radioimmunoassay.

SummaryCrude pituitary extracts and partially purified FSH and LH fractions from a variety of species have been shown to possess little, if any, cross-reactivity in hormone-specific radioimmunoassays for human FSH and LH. PMSG did not cross react in the FSH immunoassay.
TRPM3 Expression in Mouse Retina

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels constitute a large family of cation permeable ion channels that serve crucial functions in sensory systems by transducing environmental changes into cellular voltage and calcium signals. Within the retina, two closely related members of the melastatin TRP family, TRPM1 and TRPM3, are highly expressed. TRPM1 has been shown to be required for the depolarizing response to light of ON-bipolar cells, but the role of TRPM3 in the retina is unknown. Immunohistochemical staining of mouse retina with an antibody directed against the C-terminus of TRPM3 labeled the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and a subset of cells in the ganglion cell layer. Within the IPL, TRPM3 immunofluorescence was markedly stronger in the OFF sublamina than in the ON sublamina. Electroretinogram recordings showed that the scotopic and photopic a- and b-waves of TRPM3-/- mice are normal indicating that TRPM3 does not play a major role in visual processing in the outer retina. TRPM3 activity was measured by calcium imaging and patch-clamp recording of immunopurified retinal ganglion cells. Application of the TRPM3 agonist, pregnenolone sulfate (PS), stimulated increases in intracellular calcium in ~40% of cells from wild type and TRPM1‑/‑ mice, and the PS-stimulated increases in calcium were blocked by co-application of mefenamic acid, a TRPM3 antagonist. No PS-stimulated changes in fluorescence were observed in ganglion cells from TRPM3-/- mice. Similarly, PS-stimulated currents that could be blocked by mefenamic acid were recorded from wild type retinal ganglion cells but were absent in ganglion cells from TRPM3-/- mice.
Clinical Value of Online Measures for Adults With Right Hemisphere Brain Damage

In this paper, we argue that online measures hold considerable promise for helping us to understand, assess, and treat communication difficulties that follow right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) in ...
A new double minimum problem: The B1Σ+ state of BH

Abstract An extended configuration interaction calculation of the wavefunction and potential curve for the B1Σ+ state of BH reveals that this state has a double minimum in its potential curve somewhat analogous to the E, F1Σ+g state of H2. Only the transitions to levels in the inner minimum have yet been observed spectroscopically. Predictions are made of the position and spacings of vibrational levels in the outer minimum and above the maximum in the B1Σ+ potential curve.
Vapor-liquid phase equilibrium at high pressures for the ethane-trinormalbutylaluminum and ethane-trinormalhexylaluminum systems

Abstract A continuous-flow apparatus was used to measure vapor-liquid phase equilibrium data for the ethane-trinormalbutylaluminum (TnBA) and ethane-trinormalhexylaluminum (TnHA) systems. The apparatus includes a view cell to observe phase behavior at equilibrium conditions. The ethane-heptane system was studied at 394 K and pressures from 41.4 to 82.7 bar to ensure the reliability of the apparatus for obtaining accurate vapor-liquid equilibrium data. On-line, homogeneous, vapor- and liquid-phase samples were obtained for analysis by gas chromatography. The phase compositions determined by analytical and gravimetric methods are in good agreement with those reported previously in the literature. The ethane-TnBA and ethane-TnHA systems were each studied along the three isotherms of 348, 373 and 398 K. The pressures ranged from 82.7 to 148.2 bar for the ethane-TnBA system and 89.6 to 175.1 bar for the ethane-TnHA system. Equilibrium vapor- and liquid-phase compositions were obtained along each isotherm at selected pressures by a gravimetric method. The phase equilibrium data were correlated and checked for internal consistency.
Cyclooxygenase-2 and the renal renin–angiotensin system

In the kidney, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is expressed in the macula densa/cTALH and medullary interstitial cells. The macula densa is involved in regulating afferent arteriolar tone and renin release by sensing alterations in luminal chloride via changes in the rate of Na(+)/K(+)/2Cl(-) cotransport, and administration of non-specific cyclooxygenase inhibitors will blunt increases in renin release mediated by macula densa sensing of decreases in luminal NaCl. High renin states [salt deficiency, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, diuretic administration or experimental renovascular hypertension] are associated with increased macula densa/cTALH COX-2 expression. Furthermore, there is evidence that angiotensin II and/or aldosterone may inhibit COX-2 expression. In AT1 receptor knockout mice, COX-2 expression is increased similar to increases with ACE inhibitors or AT1 receptor blockers. Direct administration of angiotensin II inhibits macula densa COX-2 expression. Previous studies demonstrated that alterations in intraluminal chloride concentration are the signal for macula densa regulation of tubuloglomerular feedback and renin secretion, with high chloride stimulating tubuloglomerular feedback and low chloride stimulating renin release. When cultured cTALH or macula densa cells were incubated in media with selective substitution of chloride ions, COX-2 expression and prostaglandin production were significantly increased. A variety of studies have indicated a role for COX-2 in the macula densa mediation of renin release. In isolated perfused glomerular preparations, renin release induced by macula densa perfusion with a low chloride solution was inhibited by a COX-2 inhibitor but not a COX-1 inhibitor. In vivo studies in rats indicated that increased renin release in response to low-salt diet, ACE inhibitor, loop diuretics or aortic coarctation could be inhibited by administration of COX-2-selective inhibitors. In mice with genetic deletion of COX-2, ACE inhibitors or low-salt diet failed to increase renal renin expression, although renin significantly increased in wild type mice. In contrast, in COX-1 null mice there were no significant differences in either the basal or ACE inhibitor-stimulated level of renal renin activity from plasma or renal tissue compared with wild type mice. In summary, there is increasing evidence that COX-2 expression in the macula densa and surrounding cortical thick ascending limb cells is regulated by angiotensin II and is a modulator of renal renin production. These interactions of COX-2 derived prostaglandins and the renin-angiotensin system may underlie physiological and pathophysiological regulation of renal function.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and cirrhosis: A case‐control study of outcomes

The incidence of gallstone disease in patients with cirrhosis is greater than that in healthy patients. Previous surgical literature reported greater morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis with both open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). We compared our recent experience with LC in patients with cirrhosis and controls. A retrospective review was performed using the search terms, “cirrhosis” and “laparoscopic cholecystectoaiy” Forty-eight patients with cirrhosis were identified and randomly matched with healthy controls by age and sex. Four controls were assigned per patient with cirrhosis. Outcomes assessed included mortality, duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, blood transfusion requirement, postoperative complications, and need for conversion to open cholecystectomy. Forty-eight patients with cirrhosis and 187 healthy controls underwent LC. Child-Pugh classification of severity of liver disease was as follows: Child's class A, 38 of 48 patients; Child's class B, 10 of 48 patients; and Child's class C, 0 of 48 patients. Patients with cirrhosis had statistically significantly lower albumin levels (P = .0001) and prolonged prothrombin times (P = .05). Average duration of surgery for patients with cirrhosis was 1.71 versus 1.57 hours (P = .57) for controls. Average length of hospital stay for patients with cirrhosis was 6.47 versus 4.77 days (P = .152) for controls. Average number of units of blood transfused in patients with cirrhosis was 0.156 versus 0.0 units (P = .025) in controls. Complications occurred in 6 of 48 patients with cirrhosis (12.5%) and 8 of 187 controls (4.2%; P < .05). No child's class C patient underwent LC. Four patients with cirrhosis (8.3%) and no controls were converted to open cholecystectomy. No postoperative infections were noted. There was no mortality in either group. LC in patients with Child's class A and B cirrhosis is reasonably safe and shows no increase in morbidity or mortality or worsening of outcome. Further studies are required to evaluate the management of acute gallbladder disease in Child's class C patients.
A single MEF2 site governs desmin transcription in both heart and skeletal muscle during mouse embryogenesis.

Abstract Desmin, the muscle-specific intermediate filament protein is one of the earliest known myogenic markers both in heart and in somites. We have previously shown that high levels of desmin expression in the skeletal cell line C2C12are due to a distal enhancer, which contains a muscle-specific factor-2 (MEF2) binding site, adjacent to an E box, the binding site of the myogenic Helix-Loop-Helix (mHLH) regulators. We have further shown that MEF2C, a myocyte restricted member of the MEF2 family and all four mHLH factors can bind to their corresponding sites and through a cooperation with a second proximal E box can transactivate the desmin promoter. To study the significance of these regulatory elementsin vivo,we have generated transgenic mice with desmin–lacZ reporters, intact or mutated at the MEF2 and E box of the enhancer. We show that thecis-acting DNA sequences within the 1-kb 5′ flanking region of the mouse desmin gene are sufficient to direct appropriate temporal transcription both in heart and in skeletal muscle during mouse embryogenesis. Mutation at the MEF2 site completely suppressed transcription of the linked lacZ transgene in both developing heart and somites of the embryos. Mutation of the E box only suppressed activation in skeletal muscle precursors (somites and limb buds) but not in cardiac muscle. These data demonstrate that the MEF2 site is indispensable for the desmin enhancer function both in heart and in skeletal muscle. In addition, MEF2 cooperation with the mHLH regulators is absolutely necessary for proper transcriptional activity during embryonic skeletal muscle development.
Cloning and characterization of the human glutathione synthetase 5′-flanking region

GSH synthesis occurs through a two-step enzymatic reaction driven by GCL (glutamate–cysteine ligase; made up of catalytic and modifying subunits) and GSS (glutathione synthetase). In humans, oxidative stress regulates GCL expression in an antioxidant response element-dependent manner via Nrf2 [NFE (nuclear factor erythroid)-related factor 2]. In the rat, GSS and GCL are regulated co-ordinately by oxidative stress, and induction of GSS further increases GSH synthetic capacity. Transcriptional regulation of the human GSS has not been examined. To address this, we have cloned and characterized a 2.2 kb 5′-flanking region of the human GSS. The transcriptional start site is located 80 nt upstream of the translation start site. The human GSS promoter efficiently drove luciferase expression in Chang cells. Overexpression of either Nrf1 or Nrf2 induced the GSS promoter activity by 130 and 168% respectively. Two regions homologous to the NFE2 motif are demonstrated to be important for basal expression of human GSS, as mutation of these sites reduced the promoter activity by 66%. Nrf1, Nrf2 and c-Jun binding to these NFE2 sites under basal conditions was demonstrated using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. In summary, two NFE2 sites in the human GSS promoter play important roles in the basal expression of GSS and, similar to the GCL subunits, the human GSS gene expression is also regulated by Nrf2.
Estimating the autocorrelated error model with trended data

Abstract A Monte Carlo study of the small sample properties of various estimators of the linear regression model with first-order autocorrelated errors. When independent variables are trended, estimators using Ttransformed observations (Prais-Winsten) are much more efficient than those using T–1 (Cochrane–Orcutt). The best of the feasible estimators isiterated Prais-Winsten using a sum-of-squared-error minimizing estimate of the autocorrelation coefficient ϱ. None of the feasible estimators performs well in hypothesis testing; all seriously underestimate standard errors, making estimated coefficients appear to be much more significant than they actually are.
Factors Affecting Career Choice Among Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Students

This investigation assessed the factors affecting career choice among 474 current undergraduate and graduate speech-language pathology and audiology students (from four universities). A 14-item que...
The Dogma of Inquiry: Composition and the Primacy of Faith

Composition studies has accepted a reductive view of dogma as an acritical commitment to received knowledge that precludes inquiry. As a result, composition gives short shrift to the role that basic beliefs play in any act of inquiry. But certain forms of humble dogma can and do serve as essential starting places for asking questions—even for skepticism and doubt. The writings of St. Augustine and Lesslie Newbigin exemplify such approaches to dogma and offer rhetorical educators a new terministic screen through which to value the role that beliefs play in inquiry.
Influence of Cascadia Channel on Abyssal Sedimentation: ABSTRACT

Cascadia channel is the most prominent and extensive deep-sea channel known in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Preliminary results from a survey of this channel in the part of Cascadia abyssal plain off the Oregon coast and in the seamount province west of the plain are presented. The bottom of the channel has a depth range of 1,565-1,830 fathoms and a slope of about 1:1,000. Relief ranges from 20 fathoms off northern Oregon to more than 400 fathoms in an abyssal gap in the seamount province. The width of the channel ranges from 1 to 4 nautical miles at the top and from less than ¼ to about 3 miles at the bottom. Piston cores taken along a 6-mile profile extending from the western side (abyssal plain) to the eastern side (Astoria fan) of Cascadia channel exhibit a marked diversity in sediment texture and composition. On the western side the sediments are composed chiefly of gray clay interbedded with thin laminations of sandy silt. Planktonic Foraminifera predominate in the sandy material. Sediments in the axis of the channel consist of several cyclic depositional units. Each unit is made up of a basal fine sand grading upward into olive-brown silt and clay and overlain by gray clay. The sand and silt contain detrital minerals and organic debris derived from continental sources. On the eastern side the sediments are similar to terrigenous material found elsewhere on Astoria fan. Sedimentation on Cascadia abyssal plain is controlled, to a large extent, by Cascadia channel. The channel apparently acts as a sediment trap and as an avenue of dispersal for terrigenous material transported along the sea floor. End_of_Article - Last_Page 649------------
Global Politics at the Turn of the Millennium: Changing Bases of “Us” and “Them”

Identity politics is increasingly a target of research and a subject of theory in global politics. Identity is as much a structural condition as power and, like power, is conditioned by historical forces. The territorial state was the product of a unique configuration of historical conditions. Contemporary trends are eroding the state and the state system and ushering in significant shifts in human identities and loyalties. Citizenship and nationality no longer suffice to define who “we” are or where “our” loyalties lie, and “sovereign” borders no longer constitute the sole, or even the main, indication of who is “inside” or “outside” the boundaries of civic and moral obligation.
A review of new oncotropic tracers for PET imaging

We have developed three biochemical probes to determine if they are sensitive probes of early biochemical change in a tumor. All three probes appear to have the appropriate properties for in vivo imaging, but must now be evaluated as probes for the sensitive detection of changes in early malignant disease.
Rock classification by characteristics of aerial gamma-ray measurements

Abstract Two approaches are described to classify aerial radiometric data. The first procedure establishes categories that may correspond with recognized lithologic types, and the second method permits samples to be classified as possible U host or source rocks in the context of mineral-deposit models. The study is based on published analytical data for Th, U, and K concentrations in igneous rock samples and on aerial gamma-ray spectrometer data from the Basin and Range region and the Denver NTMS Quadrangle. The latter data were obtained as part of the U.S. Department of Energy National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) Program. The results for the Basin and Range region are compared with estimates of world abundances for Th, U, and K for various lithologic types. The study demonstrates that radiometric classification of “formation” data and “outcrop” data into lithologic categories can be accomplished in arid regions based on highsensitivity, aerial gamma-ray spectrometer measurements of Th and K. The methods make it practical to use the gamma-ray data to estimate geochemically the degree of regional U enrichment, or depletion, with respect to, Th or K in the search for uraniferous provinces and potential U source or host rocks.
Why should there be an NICHD

In its nearly 5 decades of existence, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development has expended $23 billion in conducting and supporting research and translating discoveries to practice. The resulting dramatic impact on peoples' lives and improved health for children and families, chronicled herein, are a testament to the benefits of having this institute at the National Institutes of Health.
Two, more readily computable, equivariant Nielsen numbers II

Abstract In this paper, we present and make computations of two equivariant Nielsen type numbers N G ( f ( H ) , k ( H ) ) and N G ( f ( H ) , k ( H ) ) . The second one is new, while the first one extends and clarifies one given earlier by the author and Jianhan Guo. Both numbers were defined here in terms of Nielsen theory of M-ads introduced in the prequel to this work. The theory of M-ads is also used to give both upper and lower bounds on our numbers, and to make specific computations. Our numbers moreover, fit together in the same way that the two Nielsen type periodic point numbers NP n ( f ) and NΦ n ( f ) fit together. In particular, we show that N G ( f ( H ) , k ( H ) ) is greater than or equal to a sum of numbers of the form N G ( f ( K ) , k ( K ) ) , and give conditions for equality and Mobius inversion. The periodic point theory results are then seen to follow from what are actually generalizations of them. We work with both fixed point, and coincidence point classes, in the context of a category with essentiality which we introduced in the prequel on M-ads. It is intended that this paper be read in tandem with said prequel.
Determinants Involved in Kv1 Potassium Channel Folding in the Endoplasmic Reticulum, Glycosylation in the Golgi, and Cell Surface Expression

Kv1.1 and Kv1.4 potassium channels are expressed as mature glycosylated proteins in brain, whereas they exhibited striking differences in degree of trans-Golgi glycosylation conversion and high cell surface expression when they were transiently expressed as homomers in cell lines. Kv1.4 exhibited a 70% trans-Golgi glycosylation conversion, whereas Kv1.1 showed none, and Kv1.4 exhibited a approximately 20-fold higher cell surface expression level as compared with Kv1.1. Chimeras between Kv1.4 and Kv1.1 and site-directed mutants were constructed to identify amino acid determinants that affected these processes. Truncating the cytoplasmic C terminus of Kv1.4 inhibited its trans-Golgi glycosylation and high cell surface expression (as shown by Li, D., Takimoto, K., and Levitan, E. S. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 11597-11602), whereas truncating this region on Kv1.1 did not affect either of these events, indicating that its C terminus is not a negative determinant for these processes. Exchanging the C terminus between these channels showed that there are other regions of the protein that exert a positive or negative effect on these processes. Chimeric constructs between Kv1.4 and Kv1.1 identified their outer pore regions as major positive and negative determinants, respectively, for both trans-Golgi glycosylation and cell surface expression. Site-directed mutagenesis identified a number of amino acids in the pore region that are involved in these processes. These data suggest that there are multiple positive and negative determinants on both Kv1.4 and Kv1.1 that affect channel folding, trans-Golgi glycosylation conversion, and cell surface expression.
A Novel Dominant Negative Mutation of OTX2 Associated with Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency

Context: Combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) is characterized by deficiencies in more than one anterior pituitary hormone. Mutations in developmental factors responsible for pituitary cell specification and gene expression have been found in CPHD patients. OTX2, a bicoid class homeodomain protein, is necessary for both forebrain development and transactivation of the HESX1 promoter, but as of yet, has not been associated with CPHD. Objective: The goal of this study was to identify and characterize novel mutations in pituitary specific transcription factors from CPHD patients. Design: Genomic DNA was isolated from patients with hypopituitarism to amplify and sequence eight pituitary specific transcription factors (HESX1, LHX3, LHX4, OTX2, PITX2, POU1F1, PROP1, and SIX6). Characterization of novel mutations is based on structural and functional studies. Results: We describe two unrelated children with CPHD who presented with neonatal hypoglycemia, and deficiencies of GH, TSH, LH, FSH, and ACTH. Mag...
Incomplete crossed hypercubes

In this paper, a new interconnection network called the incomplete crossed hypercube is proposed for connecting processors of parallel computing systems. The incomplete crossed hypercube architecture denoted by CI n?m n is made by combining two complete crossed hypercubes CQ n and CQ n?m for 1?m?n. Several topological properties of CI n?m n are analyzed. In particular, accurate mean internode distance formulas of both CQ n and CI n?m n are given. Compared with the incomplete enhanced hypercube EI n?m n , CI n?m n has shorter mean internode distance for large n. An optimal routing algorithm for CI n?m n is also described which guarantees the generation of a shortest path from a node to another in CI n?m n .
Inside the Revolution: Power, Sex, and Technique in Freud’s “‘Wild’ Analysis”

This essay situates Freud’s “‘Wild’ Analysis” in its local and global histories, even while reading it for what it can tell us about psychoanalysis now. Even as it is taken on its own terms, this essay serves also as a means to consider psychoanalysis as host to crucial tensions, its ideas and their relation to technique, its traffic in power, and sexuality and the primal crime. Using a clinical vignette, the essay argues the heterogeneity and multiplicity inherent to psychoanalysis are a gift to later generations, even if they made trouble for Freud. In celebration and critique, it examines, in effect, where Freud was and where psychoanalysis is now.
History of the circuits and systems society

THE IEEE CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS SOCIETY began as The Institute of Radio Engineers' Circuit Theory Group in 1949. Twenty-six IRE members signed a petition dated March 22, which was approved by the Board on April 5, 1949. When the IRE merged with the AIEE, there was also a Committee on Electronic Circuits and Systems within the AIEE. At the time of the merger, the AIEE committee joined the IRE group to become the Professional Technical Group on Circuit Theory of the new IEEE. The official merger agreement between the two parties was dated April 3, 1964. The final revised agreement was approved on December 16, 1964, with the merger to take effect on January 1, 1965. In December 1971, the Circuit Theory Group petitioned for Society status and to call itself the Circuits and Systems Society. This operation took place as a two-step process. The petition to change to Society status was approved by the IEEE Board of Directors in May 1972. At that time, it became the IEEE Circuit Theory Society. Then, in December 1972, the Board approved the name change to the present IEEE Circuits and Systems Society.
SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF THE TITANAOXACYCLOBUTANE DERIVED FROM (ME5C5)2TI(O)(L) AND ALLENE

The oxo compound (C5Me5)2TiO(pyr) (1) undergoes a 2 + 2 cycloaddition reaction with allene to give (Me5C5)2Ti[OC(CH2)CH2] (2), which contains a puckered TiOC2 ring in the solid state. The metallacyclobutane 2 does not exchange with either free allene or pyridine on the NMR time scale and slowly converts to the ring-metalated product (C5Me5)(C5Me4CH2)Ti[OC(CH2)Me] (3) in solution and to the enolate complex (C5Me5)2Ti[H][OC(CH2)Me] (4) in the presence of 1 atm of H2.
Eclectic merger of crocco-lees and chapman-korst approach to near wake

Abstract In addition to reviewing the two classical approaches, the supersonic (1.5 ⩽ M ∞ ⩽ 5) turbulent planar base flow problem is solved in a novel manner with integral techniques. The heretofore separate branches of effort stemming from the Chapman-Korst component analysis and the Crocco-Lees critical point method are merged. The dichotomy is ended by using the Chapman-Korst component analysis to establish all flow parameters in terms of assumed values of base pressure. A final closure is then obtained by using two interpretations of the Crocco-Lees critical point theory to select the correct base pressure along with corresponding parameters of interest. The fact that the prediction methods as well as extensive experimental data are in close agreement provides substantial confirmation of the new methods.
Ceragenin mediated selectivity of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles.

The understanding that common broad-spectrum antimicrobials disrupt natural microbial flora important in acquiring nutrients and preventing infection has resulted in a paradigm shift favoring more selective antimicrobials. This work explores silver nanoparticles conjugated with ceragenin, or cationic antimicrobials (CSA-SNPs), as a potential Gram-positive selective antimicrobial. Herein, CSA-SNPs are characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, and high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI-TOF-MS). The antimicrobial properties are determined through minimum inhibitory concentration/minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) and time-kill studies. Spatial selectivity of the conjugate nanoparticle was evaluated using confocal imaging, MATLAB statistical analysis, and video monitored interactions between bacteria and CSA-SNPs via laser trapping techniques. Cytotoxicity was also determined by ...
THE USE OF A SIMPLE MODEL AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS IN LAKE MANAGEMENT1

: A simple, black-box lake model was developed for phosphorus, using nonlinear regression analysis on a data base of north temperate lakes. The uncertainty associated with the model was then combined with the parameter uncertainty and the independent variable uncertainty to provide an estimate of the confidence limits associated with a predicted value. The prediction uncertainty is often neglected, yet it is an important measure of the usefulness of a model. Prediction uncertainty reflects the modeler's confidence in the model, and it should be used by a decision maker as a weight indicating the value of the model prediction. A procedure is outlined that combined lake modeling and uncertainty analysis for use in lake quality assessment and lake management. An example is provided illustrating the use of this procedure in nutrient budget sampling design, data analysis, and the evaluation of lake management strategies for a 208 program in New Hampshire.
Dispersive wave turbulence in one dimension

In this article, we study numerically a one-dimensional model of dispersive wave turbulence. The article begins with a description of the model which we introduced earlier, followed by a concise summary of our previous results about it. In those previous studies, in addition to the spectra of weak turbulence (WT) theory, we also observed another distinct spectrum (the “MMT spectrum”). Our new results, presented here, include: (i) A detailed description of coexistence of spectra at distinct spatial scales, and the transitions between them at different temporal scales; (ii) The existence of a stable MMT front in k-space which separates the WT cascades from the dissipation range, for various forms of strong damping including “selective dissipation”; (iii) The existence of turbulent cycles in the one-dimensional model with focusing nonlinearity, induced by the interaction of spatially localized coherent structures with the resonant quartets of dispersive wave radiation; (iv) The detailed composition of these turbulent cycles — including the self-similar formation of focusing events (distinct in the forced and freely decaying cases), and the transport by the WT direct and inverse cascades of excitations between spatial scales. This one-dimensional model admits a very precise and detailed realization of these turbulent cycles and their components. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that a complete theory of dispersive wave turbulence will require a full description of the turbulent field over all spatial scales (including those of the forcing and dissipation), and over extremely long times (as the nonlinear turnover time becomes very long in the weakly nonlinear limit). And, in the focusing case, a complete theory must also incorporate the interaction of localized coherent structures with resonant radiation. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Married Individuals, Cohabiters, and Cohabiters Who Marry: A Longitudinal Study of Relational and Individual Well-Being

Given that many cohabiting couples marry, our interest was in the changes that may accompany this shift in terms of relational and individual well-being. In addition, a comparison among three relationship groups was undertaken: those who entered directly into marriage, those who cohabitated and then married, and those who are long-term cohabiters. Also, comparisons across time were conducted. Our data were drawn from the 1987–1988 and 1992–1994 National Survey of Families and Households. A sub-sample of the data was utilized to create the three groups matched on multiple demographic variables. The shift to marriage was not accompanied by significant changes in any of the constructs of interest. Differences among the groups were consistent with previous research. The major findings indicated a significant effect for time, regardless of relationship group. Companionship, sexual interaction, relational satisfaction, and commitment decreased across time. The frequency of conflict and arguing heatedly increase...
Association of ARF and Rabs with complement receptor type-1 storage vesicles in human neutrophils.

During neutrophil activation, the prop- erties of the cell are rapidly altered by increases in the surface expression of functionally important receptors and adherence molecules. At the same time, endocytic and phagocytic activities increase. These alterations require precise regulation of membrane and protein movement, which is achieved, at least in part, by bidirectional move- ment of small transport vesicles. GTP-binding pro- teins, including Rabs and ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), play critical roles in regulating vesicle traf- ficking in other types of cells. The ability to immu- noisolate the "secretory" vesicle subpopulation in which complement receptor type 1 (CR1) is stored allowed us to determine which types of low-molec- ular-weight GTP-binding proteins interact with these vesicles and under what conditions. CR1- containing vesicles from resting human neutrophils constitutively copurify with Rabs 3a, 4, and 5a, and reversibly bind an ARF, likely ARF1. ARF binding is dependent on free Mg 21 and is enhanced by GTPgS. Mg 21 at 0.4 mM is necessary for half- maximal binding of ARFs to CR1 storage vesicles. Artificial phospholipid vesicles and primary and secondary granules from human neutrophils do not bind ARFs themselves and do not compete for re- cruitment of ARFs to CR1 vesicles, suggesting that specific membrane environments and/or proteins on these vesicles stabilize the ARF-GTP-Mg 21 complex. Free Ca 21 at 300 nM does not inhibit ARF binding to CR1 storage vesicles, but 10 mM Ca 21 does reduce such binding. These findings sug- gest that ARF-GTP specifically and reversibly in- teracts with CR1 storage vesicles in human poly- morphonuclear leukocytes and may play a role in regulating their transport. J. Leukoc. Biol. 70: 669-676; 2001.
A novel synthesis of juncusol

Abstract Juncusol (7) has been prepared by a novel electrocyclization process beginning with the known β-tetralone derivative 9.
Dare I Write About Oppression on Sacred Ground [Emphasis Mine]:

Autoethnography and Spoken Word1 are utilized here to describe the reaction of a Black female professor impacted by microaggresssions2 after publishing an autoethnographic chapter about multilayere...
Determination of cobalt(II) in parts per billion range by fluorescence extinction

A fluorescence extinction method for the determination of cobalt(II) in the parts per billion range has been developed. The method is based on the reaction between cobalt(II) and the fluorescent aluminum-Superchrome Blue Black Extra complex. The fluorescence intensity of the complex decresases sharply in the presence of cobalt(II), the decrease being linear over a concentration range of 0.001 μg to 0.02 μg per ml of final solution. The effect of pH and diverse ions ion the accuracy and reproducibility of the method has been investigated and the empirical formula of the cobalt-dye complex tentatively evaluated.
Pentazocine Addiction causing Bacterial Endocarditis and Pulmonary Embolism

An emotionally unstable medical technician, without prior history of drug dependence who developed pentazocine addiction, is described. Chronic, unsupervised, intravenous use of crushed tablets of pentazocine caused bacterial endocarditis, pulmonary embolism, and pulmonary edema-like picture. Our patient illustrates that even in the absence of past history of drug dependence, the use of pentazocine should, at best, be avoided in emotionally unstable patients, and patients with easy access to the drug.
Relating psychology's moral development levels to the ethical use of computers (abstract)

A disturbing increase in computer related crime highlights the lack of methodologies for promoting ethical computer use. Our research addresses this issue by developing an evaluation tool for determining ethical levels vis-a-vis computers. Educational methodologies are being developed which will be evaluated by this tool.The instrument, based on scenarios involving Kohlberg style ethical dilemmas pertaining to computers, is modeled after Rest's Defining Issues Test. A pilot presentation of the scenarios to 18 computer students revealed interesting information about student attitudes.Students reacted to each of eight scenarios, explaining their reasoning in writing. After extended class debate, they reanalyzed the scenarios, ranking factors by degree of influence and stating whether the discussion changed their opinions.
Body mass index and musculoskeletal pain: is there a connection?

Back pain is one of the most common complaints that patients report to physicians and two-thirds of the population has an elevated body mass index (BMI), indicating they are either overweight or obese. It was once assumed that extra body weight would stress the low back and lead to pain, however, researchers have reported inconsistencies association between body weight and back pain. In contrast, more recent studies do indicate that an elevated BMI is associated with back pain and other musculoskeletal pain syndromes due to the presence of a chronic systemic inflammatory state, suggesting that the relationship between BMI and musculoskeletal pains be considered in more detail. To describe how an elevated BMI can be associated with chronic systemic inflammation and pain expression. To outline measurable risk factors for chronic inflammation that can be used in clinical practice and discuss basic treatment considerations. Adiposopathy, or “sick fat” syndrome, is a term that refers to an elevated BMI that is associated with a chronic systemic inflammatory state most commonly referred to as the metabolic syndrome. The best available evidence suggests that the presence of adiposopathy determines if an elevated BMI will contribute to musculoskeletal pain expression. It is not uncommon for physicians to fail to identify the presence of adiposopathy/metabolic syndrome. Patients with an elevated BMI should be further examined to identify inflammatory factors associated with adiposopathy, such as the metabolic syndrome, which may be promoting back pain and other musculoskeletal pain syndromes.
Role of referent concreteness in the acquisition of passive sentence comprehension through abstract modeling

Abstract The present experiment tested the hypothesis that development of syntactic comprehension through verbal modeling is enhanced by referent concreteness as a contextual influence. Young children heard a model narrate a series of events in passive form while the model either performed the corresponding activities, showed pictures portraying the same activities, or displayed no referential aids. In accord with prediction, verbal modeling with enactive referents produced higher levels of comprehension of passives than modeling with pictorial referents or modeling without referential aids. Modeling with pictorial referents and modeling without referents did not differ in overall efficacy. However, modeling alone produced results that were less consistent across different measures of comprehension. Children who lacked understanding of passives were more dependent on concrete referents than those who had some initial comprehension of the linguistic form. The results suggest that verbal modeling with pictorial referents and verbal modeling alone facilitate comprehension of passives, whereas verbal modeling with enactive referents promotes learning. Findings of a supplemental experiment reveal that the effects of verbal modeling on comprehension are enhanced when syntactic forms occur in a meaningful verbal context.
Predictions: a universal principle in the operation of the human brain

Just as physicists can explain complex systems with a small set of elegant equations (e.g. Maxwell's), it might be possible for the multidisciplinary study of the brain to produce a list of well-defined universal principles that can explain the majority of its operation. Given exciting developments
Design of Sinusoidal, Triangular, and Square wave Generator Using Current Feedback Operational Amplifier (CFOA)

-This paper presents the design of a sinusoidal, triangular, and square wave generator using a high speed current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA). A macro model for the CFOA is developed as well. The frequency of oscillation in all cases are derived and compared with the simulated values. The achieved frequency of oscillation for sinusoidal wave is 9.4 MHz to 15 MHz and the achieved frequency of oscillation for the triangular/rectangular wave is 6.75 MHz to 59.5 MHz. The advantage of using the current feedback operational amplifier is to get higher frequency of sinusoidal, triangular, and square wave.
Parametric Nanomechanical Amplification at Very High Frequency

Parametric resonance and amplification are important in both fundamental physics and technological applications. Here we report very high frequency (VHF) parametric resonators and mechanical-domain amplifiers based on nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Compound mechanical nanostructures patterned by multilayer, top-down nanofabrication are read out by a novel scheme that parametrically modulates longitudinal stress in doubly clamped beam NEMS resonators. Parametric pumping and signal amplification are demonstrated for VHF resonators up to ∼130 MHz and provide useful enhancement of both resonance signal amplitude and quality factor. We find that Joule heating and reduced thermal conductance in these nanostructures ultimately impose an upper limit to device performance. We develop a theoretical model to account for both the parametric response and nonequilibrium thermal transport in these composite nanostructures. The results closely conform to our experimental observations, elucidate the frequency and threshold-voltage scaling in parametric VHF NEMS resonators and sensors, and establish the ultimate sensitivity limits of this approach.
Long-term and penalty contracts in a two-stage supply chain with stochastic demand

Abstract Recent applications of game-theoretic analysis to supply chain efficiency have focused on constructs between a buyer (the retailer or manufacturer ) and a seller (the supplier ) in successive stages of a supply chain. If demand for the final product is stochastic then the supplier has an incentive to keep its capacity relatively low to avoid creating unneeded capacity. The manufacturer, on the other hand, prefers the supplier’s capacity to be high to ensure that the final demand is satisfied. The manufacturer therefore constructs a contract to induce the supplier to increase its production capacity. Most research examines contracting when final demand is realized after the manufacturer places its order to the supplier. However, if final demand is realized before the manufacturer places its order to the supplier, these types of contracts can be ineffective. This paper examines two contracts under the latter timing scenario: long-term contracts in which the business relationship is repeated, and penalty contracts in which the supplier is penalized for too little capacity. Results indicate long-term contracts increase the profit potential of the supply chain. Furthermore, the penalty contracts can ensure that the supplier chooses a capacity level such that the full profit potential is achieved.
Drosophila as a model for age-related impairment in locomotor and other behaviors

Aging is a multifaceted phenomenon that occurs in most species including humans and the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. One of the most fundamental features of aging is the progressive decline in functional capacity that occurs with age (i.e. functional senescence). Age-related declines in function undermine many aspects of normal youthful physiology including behavior. Age-related behavioral declines are quite telling because they presumably reflect primary functional defects in the nervous system or musculature. Consequently, a more detailed understanding of behavioral declines that occur with age, including mechanisms that impinge on them, could ultimately lead to improved treatment or diagnosis of age-related defects in physiological processes that depend on normal function of the nervous system or musculature. Such advances in diagnosis or treatment would translate into tremendous gains in quality of life for elderly populations. In this article, we review progress using Drosophila to better understand age-related behavioral declines with a focus on age-related locomotor impairment.
Meridional heat transport determined with expandable bathythermographs—Part II: South Atlantic transport

Fourteen temperature sections collected between July 2002 and May 2006 are analyzed to obtain estimates of the meridional heat transport variability of the South Atlantic Ocean. The methodology proposed in Part I is used to calculate the heat transport from temperature data obtained from high-density XBT profiles taken along transects from Cape Town, South Africa to Buenos Aires, Argentina. Salinity is estimated from Argo profiles and CTD casts for each XBT temperature observation using statistical relationships between temperature, latitude, longitude, and salinity computed along constant-depth surfaces. Full-depth temperature/salinity profiles are obtained by extending the profiles to the bottom of the ocean using deep climatological data. The meridional transport is then determined by using the standard geostrophic method, applying NCEP-derived Ekman transports, and requiring that salt flux through the Bering Straits be conserved. The results from the analysis indicate a mean meridional heat transport of 0.54 PW (PW ¼ 10 15 W) with a standard deviation of 0.11 PW. The geostrophic component of the heat flux has a marked annual cycle following the variability of the Brazil Malvinas Confluence Front, and the geostrophic annual cycle is 1801 out of phase with the annual cycle observed in the Ekman fluxes. As a result, the total heat flux shows significant interannual variability with only a small annual cycle. Uncertainties due to different wind products and locations of the sections are independent of the methodology used. Published by Elsevier Ltd.