cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modified Fontan operation for univentricular heart and complicated congenital lesions.

A modified Fontan procedure has been performed on 17 patients with complex congenital cardiac anomalies other than tricuspid atresia. Fourteen patients had univentricular heart (11 with and three without outlet chamber), and three had other complex anomalies associated with malformations of the right atrioventricular valve. Eleven patients had a total of 17 prior operations. There were four early deaths, all in the group with univentricular heart. The requirement to maintain mean right atrial pressure after repair at 20 mm Hg or higher was associated with increased mortality and complications. Postoperative hemodynamic instability, fluid retention, and renal insufficiency were common but generally were reversible. Complete heart block developed transiently in three patients and permanently in five others. No late deaths occurred. Dehiscence of the patch closing the right atrioventricular valve orifice occurred in four patients, who recently underwent successful reoperation. Excluding these four, six patients are classified as having a good result, one a fair result, and two a poor result. The modified Fontan procedure offers an alternate surgical approach for patients having complex congenital heart disease associated with normal pulmonary arteriolar resistance for whom a more anatomic correction either is not available or else would involve much higher risks.
Neonatal Hypertension from a Unilateral Multicystic, Dysplastic Kidney

Multicystic renal dysplasia is an extremely uncommon cause of hypertension in children and the few reported cases have not been of newborns. We report on a neonate in whom severe hypertension associated with elevated peripheral plasma renin resulted from a unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney. Hypertension and plasma renin activity normalized after unilateral nephrectomy. No evidence of perfusion or excretory renal function in the dysplastic kidney was present on a radionuclide renal scan. This child demonstrates a relationship between hypertension and unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia.
Prenatal diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism.

Diagnosis of errors of metabolism depends on accurate culturing of amniotic cells obtained by amniocentesis. Other methods such as analysis of amniotic fluid, fetoscopy, and linkage analysis are also described.
High-resolution three-dimensional in vivo imaging of mouse oviduct using optical coherence tomography

The understanding of the reproductive events and the molecular mechanisms regulating fertility and infertility in humans relies heavily on the analysis of the corresponding phenotypes in mouse models. While molecular genetic approaches provide significant insight into the molecular regulation of these processes, the lack of live imaging methods that allow for detailed visualization of the mouse reproductive organs limits our investigations of dynamic events taking place during the ovulation, the fertilization and the pre-implantation stages of embryonic development. Here we introduce an in vivo three-dimensional imaging approach for visualizing the mouse oviduct and reproductive events with micro-scale spatial resolution using optical coherence tomography (OCT). This method relies on the natural tissue optical contrast and does not require the application of any contrast agents. For the first time, we present live high-resolution images of the internal structural features of the oviduct, as well as other reproductive organs and the oocytes surrounded by cumulus cells. These results provide the basis for a wide range of live dynamic studies focused on understanding fertility and infertility.
Basic Quality Improvement Terminology

This chapter will review some of the commonly used tools and terms used in medical quality and safety. These topics may often come up as the reader plunges further into the field of medical quality and safety.
Marijuana Appellations: The Case for Cannabicultural Designations of Origin

As the era of marijuana prohibition draws to a close, one can’t help but wonder how the legal marijuana industry will take shape. The legalization movement is largely driven by ballot initiatives at the state level, and state regulators and lawmakers often lack easy answers to tough questions facing the industry. Marijuana legalization presents challenges on a number of fronts, including distribution, financing and taxation, consumption, security, and public health. The agricultural dimension of the marijuana industry presents a number of regulatory challenges as well, with important questions that have not been answered. One of these questions is paramount: will marijuana agriculture become consolidated and commoditized, producing vast quantities of indistinct marijuana, or will small-scale farmers thrive by producing unique and localized marijuana? This Article presents the case for American Cannabicultural Areas (ACAs). Adopting a system of appellations (in which designations of origin are legally protected) offers several benefits to farmers, consumers, and regulators. Appellations protect state and local economies and farming communities, create a market for unique agricultural products, and allow regulatory bodies to establish minimum standards for cultivation to ensure that marijuana agriculture is safe and sustainable. Challenges to this model are significant but not intractable. The legal marijuana industry is still in its infancy, but ACAs represent a promising regulatory model for marijuana agriculture.
De-sacralizing the origin(al) and the transnational future of Translation Studies

ABSTRACTThis article begins with the premise that the shift from source-oriented approaches in Translation Studies to target-oriented approaches has left the concept of the original largely undertheorized. As such it remains haunted by Romantic notions of originality that in turn associate translation with loss, distortion, and contamination. Tracing the transnational circulation of a Russian-themed English poem, Thomas Moore’s ‘Those Evening Bells’, and its Russian translation, the author models a kind of cultural transfer that has long been ignored in literary studies and translation studies as ‘inauthentic’. Only by historicizing the concept of the original, the author argues, can Translation Studies fully participate in the transnational turn in cultural studies, serving as an important critical site for interrogating the legacy of Romanticism it has until now merely replicated.
Acculturation and Sociocultural Factors in Children’s Mental Health Services: Applying Multicultural Consultation Frameworks

Nearly one in four children in the United States lives with at least one immigrant parent, and 21% of the U.S. population speak a language other than English at home (Zong & Batalova, 2015). By 202...
Providing data for serrated polyp detection rate benchmarks: an analysis of the New Hampshire Colonoscopy Registry.

Background and Aims Similar to achieving adenoma detection rate (ADR) benchmarks to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC), achieving adequate serrated polyp detection rates (SDRs) may be essential to the prevention of CRC associated with the serrated pathway. Previous studies have been based on data from high-volume endoscopists at single academic centers. Based on a hypothesis that ADR is correlated with SDR, we stratified a large, diverse group of endoscopists (n = 77 practicing at 28 centers) into high performers and low performers, based on ADR, to provide data for corresponding target SDR benchmarks. Methods By using colonoscopies in adults aged ≥50 years (4/09-12/14), we stratified endoscopists by high and low ADRs ( 1 cm anywhere in the colon or HP >5 mm in the proximal colon only divided by the total number of screening and surveillance colonoscopies, respectively. (2) Proximal SDR (PSDR) meaning colonoscopies with any serrated polyp (SSA/P, HP, TSA) of any size proximal to the sigmoid colon divided by the total number of screening and surveillance colonoscopies, respectively. Results A total of 45,996 (29,960 screening) colonoscopies by 77 endoscopists (28 facilities) were included. Moderately strong positive correlation coefficients were observed for screening ADR/CSSDR ( P = .69) and ADR/PSDR ( P = .79) and a strong positive correlation ( P = .82) for CSSDR/PSDR ( P Conclusions Derived from ADR, the primary colonoscopy quality indicator, our results suggest potential SDR benchmarks (CSSDR = 7% and PSDR = 11%) that may guide adequate serrated polyp detection. Because CSSDR and PSDR are strongly correlated, endoscopists could use the simpler PSDR calculation to assess quality.
Adaptive Instructional Systems

A central and persisting issue in educational technology is the provision of instructional environments and conditions that can comply with individually different educational goals and learning abilities. Instructional approaches and techniques that are geared to meet the needs of the individually different student are called adaptive instruction (Como & Snow, 1986). More specifically, adaptive instruction refers to educational interventions aimed at effectively accommodating individual differences in students while helping each student develop the knowledge and skills required to learn a task. Adaptive instruction is generally characterized as an educational approach that incorporates alternative procedures and strategies for instruction and resource utilization and has the built-in flexibility to permit students to take various routes to, and amounts of time for, learning (Wang & Lindvall, 1984). Glaser (1977) described three essential ingredients of adaptive instruction. First, it provides a variety of alternatives for learning and many goals from which to choose. Second, it attempts to utilize and develop the capabilities that an individual brings to the alternatives for his or her learning and to adjust to the learner’s particular talents, strengths, and weaknesses. Third, it attempts to strengthen an individual’s ability to meet the demands of available educational opportunities and develop the skills necessary for success in the complex world. Adaptive instruction has been used interchangeably with individualized instruction in the literature (Reiser, 1987; Wang & Lindvall, 1984). However, they are different depending on the specific methods and procedures employed during instruction. Any type of instruction presented in a one-on-one setting can
Towards Spoken Term Discovery At Scale With Zero Resources

The spoken term discovery task takes speech as input and identifies terms of possible interest. The challenge is to perform this task efficiently on large amounts of speech with zero resources (no training data and no dictionaries), where we must fall back to more basic properties of language. We find that long (∼ 1 s) repetitions tend to be contentful phrases (e.g. University of Pennsylvania) and propose an algorithm to search for these long repetitions without first recognizing the speech. To address efficiency concerns, we take advantage of (i) sparse feature representations and (ii) inherent low occurrence frequency of long content terms to achieve orders-of-magnitude speedup relative to the prior art. We frame our evaluation in the context of spoken document information retrieval, and demonstrate our method’s competence at identifying repeated terms in conversational telephone speech. Index Terms: spoken term discovery, zero resource speech recognition, dotplots
Hazardous Weather Prediction and Communication in the Modern Information Environment

CapsuleUnderstanding the dynamic, interconnected processes that characterize the modern hazard information system can transform the creation, communication, and use of weather and climate information.
The Impact of District Magnitude on the Legislative Behavior of State Representatives

This study demonstrates that district magnitude (the number of officials elected from an electoral district) affects the behavioral choices and policymaking contributions of legislators. We theoriz...
The Effect of Synergies and Competition on Organizational Choices in Non-Profits

Whether non-profit organizations should use business tools traditionally associated with the for-profit sector has been a widely debated issue. The push to encourage non-profits to adopt commercial...
Dynamic centered group key management for unmanned aerial vehicle networks with multibeam concurrent transmissions

Current key management protocols involve high computational complexity and large-scale broadcast, which are inapplicable for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks. This paper proposes a novel group key management protocol, which avoids high computation cost by employing a secret sharing algorithm based on Chinese Remainder Theory. Furthermore, the proposed scheme dynamically chooses the information source as the key distribution center and piggybacks the key management messages onto routing communications, which are suitable for UAV networks and build secure sessions in an efficient manner.
Highly efficient randomized authentication in VANETs

Abstract Considering the huge number of vehicles on the roads, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are envisioned to foster a variety of new applications ranging from road safety enhancement to mobile entertainment. These new VANET applications all face a critical challenge which is to ensure the identity and location privacy of vehicles’ owners who participate in such ad-hoc network. In this paper, we propose a highly efficient randomized authentication protocol that leverages homomorphic encryption to allow each individual vehicle to self-generate any number of authenticated identities to achieve full anonymity in VANETs. The proposed protocol prevents vehicles from being tracked by any single party including peer vehicles, service providers, authentication servers, and other infrastructure. Meanwhile, our protocol also provides traceability in case of any dispute. We have conducted both security analysis and experimental study which demonstrates the superiority of our protocol compared to other existing works.
Characteristics of Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: Current Status of the Sharing Antimicrobial Reports for Pediatric Stewardship (SHARPS) Collaborative

In response to the growing epidemic of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) have been rapidly implemented in the United States (US). This study examines the prevalence of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) seven core elements of a successful ASP within a large subset of US Children’s Hospitals. In 2016, a survey was conducted of 52 pediatric hospitals assessing the presence of the seven core elements: leadership commitment, accountability, drug expertise, action, tracking, reporting, and education. Forty-nine hospitals (94%) had established ASPs and 41 hospitals (79%) included all seven core elements. Physician accountability (87%) and a dedicated ASP pharmacist or drug expert (88%) were present in the vast majority of hospitals. However, substantial variability existed in the financial support allotted to these positions. This variability did not predict program actions, tracking, reporting, and education. When compared with previous surveys, these results document a dramatic increase in the prevalence and resources of pediatric stewardship programs, although continued expansion is warranted. Further research is required to understand the feasibility of various core stewardship activities and the impact on patient outcomes in the setting of finite resources.
Crop Assessment: International Needs and Opportunities

In biblical times, prophets predicted crop status and recommended measures by which famine could be averted. The economic, social, political and environmental importance of crop production still dictate the need for large area crop assessment systems. To the extent that levels of crop production can be predicted with some degree of accuracy, appropriate actions can be taken by individuals and groups to buy and sell, to replenish or reduce reserves, to redistribute supplies to areas of shortage, to utilize alternative crop products for specific purposes, and to negotiate appropriate prices.
Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients with Down Syndrome and Alzheimer Disease (P2.124)

Objective: To evaluate whether seated blood pressure (BP) could predict symptomatic hypotension in Down syndrome (DS) individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD) Background: Hypotension in DS is well-described and attributed to brain degeneration ( J Ment Defic Res 1979; J Clin Psychopharmacol 1989). Subsequently, a link to AD in DS was postulated ( Hypertension 1996). Design/Methods: We reviewed all available out-patient seated BP values of 18 DS individuals with AD (9 female; mean age, 49.8 years) who presented from their group homes to a neurologist as a consecutive out-patient series from January 2000 to January 2017 because of dizziness or syncope attributed to hypotension. We compared BP prior to the initial symptom with BP post-treatment. A control group consisted of 19 DS individuals with AD (9 female; mean age, 51.4 years) without dizziness or syncope. Results: An average of 4.1 BP measurements were available pre-treatment, 8.1 post-treatment, and 5.0 in the control group. Mean BP in the treatment group was 110/67 prior to diagnosis of hypotension. No trend in BP was observed in the period prior to diagnosis of hypotension (R 2 = 0.041 for systolic and 0.066 for diastolic). All symptomatic patients were treated (fludrocortisone, 7; midodrine, 7; both, 2; added salt, 1; adjustment of other medications, 1). All treated patients were symptomatically improved. Mean BP after treatment was 106/65, not significantly changed from pre-treatment (p = 0.051 for systolic and 0.172 for diastolic). The treatment and control groups did not differ in gender or age. Mean BP in the control group was 103/64, not significantly different from the pre-treatment group (p = 0.143 for systolic and 0.140 for diastolic). Conclusions: Although hypotension is common in the DS population with AD, seated BP measurements did not help predict which individuals would become symptomatic. Treatment was effective even without significant demonstrable change in BP values. Study Supported by: NA Disclosure: Dr. Huttler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shauly-Aharonov, PhD has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jeret has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Eli Lilly.
Nominal Response Model Is Useful for Scoring Multiple-Choice Situational Judgment Tests:

We evaluated the use of the nominal response model (NRM) to score multiple-choice (also known as “select the best option”) situational judgment tests (SJTs). Using data from two large studies, we c...
A novel cooperative distributed secondary controller for VSI and PQ inverters of AC microgrids.

Abstract This paper proposes a novel cooperative secondary control strategy for microgrids which is fully distributed. There is a two-layered coordination, which exists between inverter based DGs of both types, i.e. Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and Current Source Inverter (CSI), also called PQ inverter. In first layer of the proposed two-layered cooperative control strategy, VSIs will take care of the primary average voltage regulation by implementing the average consensus algorithm (ACA); then in the second layer of control, the PQ inverters will improve the voltage quality of the microgrid while maintaining the average voltage of buses at the same desired level. Zone dedication algorithm is utilized in the second layer for voltage quality purposes based on sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis is based on Simplified Jacobian matrix and the result of that is used to define the zone related to each DG in the microgrid. The goal of this zone dedication is to assign loads to the DGs that can compensate their changes with less effort (generating less power) than the others. There are two major contributions in this paper; 1- PQ inverters are effectively involved to increase microgrids capacity for better power management by introducing sensitivity to the PQ inverters set-point. This is defined based on the structure of the microgrid and takes into account the location of load changes. 2- The proposed strategy not only focuses on transient response but also improves the steady state response which smooths the voltage profile of the system while keeping the average voltage at the same desired level. The algorithm has been applied to a 13 bus system with a fully distributed communication in which each VSI inverter only communicates with its immediate neighbors and each PQ inverter is only in touch with associated bordering agents. The conclusive results verify that the proposed control strategy is an effective way to control the microgrid's voltage to have a smoother and stable voltage profile. The analysis also confirms the robustness of the proposed cooperative control in presence of possible time delays.
Intellectual Property and Human Rights

Intellectual Property and Human Rights constitute two comprehensive, expansive, and previously unrelated legal regimes that increasingly have become intertwined over the past few decades. Both are grounded in rights discourse (property or human dignity foundations), often are moored by international agreements such as conventions and international trade treaties, rely upon institutions of global governance, and have rapidly, often in vertiginous fashion expanded the scope of their legal reach to new subjects and across international borders. The interface between the two regimes has become a rights thicket. Which set of rights should trump? And—as an animated academic and policy debate has queried--are IP and human rights complimentary or competing systems? Analysis of the jostling between intellectual property and human rights has previously focused on recent interactions. This chapter is the first sustained examination of their encounters from the eighteenth century to our own times. Both are rights-based regimes. But human rights tends to resolve conflicts by seeing rights as legal trumps while intellectual property generally balances competing rights claims.
The greening imaginary: urbanized nature in Germany’s Ruhr region

This article provides a sociological explanation for urban “greening,” the normative practice of using everyday signifiers of nature to fix problems with urbanism. Although greening is commonly understood as a reaction against the pathologies of the industrial metropolis, such explanations cannot account for greening’s recurrence across varied social and historical contexts. Through a study of greening in Germany’s Ruhr region, a polycentric urban region that has repeatedly greened in the absence of a traditional city, I argue that greening is made possible by a social imaginary of nature as an indirect or moral good, which I call urbanized nature, that is an outcome of, and subsequently becomes a variable in, urbanization. I draw on processual accounts of urbanization and the sociology of morality to explain urbanized nature’s emergence in the Ruhr at the beginning of the twentieth century, and its use to fulfill two competing visions of urban democracy in the postwar period. I find that rather than an ideological reaction against cities, greening is an aspirational practice that can be mobilized by a range of actors in a variety of places and times. By showing how a new social imaginary made new forms of moral action possible and how those ideals were then materialized in urban space, this article draws attention to the role of cultural imaginaries in urban change and to the material consequences of moral beliefs.
IT, AI and the Growth of Intangible Capital

General purpose technologies like IT and AI typically require complementary investments in firm-specific human and organizational capital to create value for firms. However, good measures of the stock of this IT intangible capital (ITIC) have remained elusive, as has an understanding of how the accumulation of ITIC contributes to economic growth. We use a new extended firm-level panel on IT skills along with Hall’s Quantity Revelation Theorem to assess the nature and growth of ITIC over the last thirty years. We then examine implications for the current wave of AI investment. Our estimates suggest that ITIC accounted for about 25% of firms’ total assets by 2016 and that this capital is disproportionately owned by small subset of “superstar” firms. During most of the period we examine, these assets depreciated close to the same rate as R&D, but depreciation rates appear to have been accelerating with the diffusion of AI-based innovations. For the recent wave, high market values are associated with AI before they are associated with increased revenues or productivity, suggesting that investors anticipate significant future returns to AI-related intangible assets that are otherwise unmeasured.
Moringa oleifera and vesicular stomatitis virus: A combination approach for the treatment of cervical cancers

Abstract Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a promising oncolytic agent due to its natural ability to target and kill a variety of susceptible cancer cells. However, some cancer cells exhibit inherent resistance to VSV and thus, strategies to potentiate treatment responses are currently being investigated. This study seeks to determine whether the oncolytic activity of VSV may be augmented by treating cells with natural compounds with known anti-cancer properties, such as Moringa oleifera (MO). Five different extracts from the leaves of MO were prepared and tested for their biological activities against cervical cancer cells in conjunction with VSV. In addition, the mechanism of oncolytic VSV and MO targeting and killing of cancer cells was analyzed through measurement of protein levels and activation status of key apoptotic and antiviral factors. Of the five extracts of MO examined (aqueous, butanolic, ethanolic, hydroethanolic, and methanolic), the ethanolic extract inhibited the proliferation of C4-II and HeLa cervical cancer cells. This inhibition correlated with decreased levels of NF-κB and Bcl-xL in these cells. In conjunction with VSV, the ethanolic extract enhanced the ability of a wild-type strain of VSV (rwt virus) to kill cells, perhaps by inducing expression of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax. The methanolic extract promoted killing of SiHa cervical cancer cells by a M (matrix) protein mutant strain of VSV, but did not affect the proliferation of cells. Furthermore, STAT1 levels decreased in VSV-infected cells pretreated with MO suggesting that MO may inhibit induction of an antiviral response and promote VSV replication in these cells prior to immune detection. These results indicate that MO may synergize with VSV for the treatment of cervical cancers through modulation of pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis and antiviral responses.
Effects of Mg and Si Doping on Hydrogen Generation via Reduction of Aluminum Alloys in Water

Harnessing the oxidation–reduction reaction between aluminum and water is an attractive option for hydrogen generation and storage. Using liquid metals as a method of circumventing aluminum’s nativ...
A comparative study of multi-agent control approaches for optimization of central cooling systems without significant storage

This paper presents the application of a multi-agent control methodology to large chiller plants. The approach, originally conceived to automate controller design and reduce engineering costs in bu...
Metformin treatment of the C9orf72 ALS/FTD mouse: Almost too good for words.

The regulation of protein synthesis is critically important for the normal development and function of the brain. Protein synthesis misregulation accompanies and in some cases underlies a diverse set of developmental and neurodegenerative diseases. They include Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (1). Although the study by Zu et al. (2) is focused on C9orf72 ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), the work has implications for a much larger family of more than 50 microsatellite expansions diseases, which include Huntington disease, myotonic dystrophy, and a number of spinocerebellar ataxias (3). Microsatellite expansion diseases are caused when short stretches of repetitive DNA (e.g., CAG•CTG; CCTG•CAGG and G4C2•G2C4) located in protein coding or noncoding gene regions increase in length beyond a certain threshold. For C9orf72 ALS/FTD and other expansion diseases, these mutations result in a variety of downstream consequences, including the expression and accumulation of sense and antisense expansion transcripts. These RNAs can cause RNA toxicity as well as the sequestration of RNA binding proteins (4) and also serve as templates for the production of toxic proteins expressed from both sense and antisense transcripts (3, 5). The latter phenomenon results from repeat associated non-AUG (RAN) translation, which was discovered by Ranum and coworkers (5) in 2011. RAN translation results in the expression of toxic repetitive proteins … [↵][1]1Email: rosbash{at}brandeis.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
Transient Lattice Response upon Photoexcitation in CuInSe2 Nanocrystals with Organic or Inorganic Surface Passivation

CuInSe2 nanocrystals offer promise for optoelectronics including thin-film photovoltaics and printed electronics. Additive manufacturing methods such as photonic curing controllably sinter particle...
Knee Extensor and Flexor Torque Variability During Maximal Strength Testing and Change in Knee Pain and Physical Function at 60-Mo Follow-Up: The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST).

ABSTRACT As the population ages, there is a growing burden owing to musculoskeletal diseases, such as knee osteoarthritis, and subsequent functional decline. In the absence of a cure, there is a need to identify factors amenable to intervention to prevent or slow this process. The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study cohort was developed for this purpose. In this study, associations between variability in peak knee flexor and extensor torque at baseline and worsening of pain and physical function over the subsequent 60 mos were assessed in a cohort of 2680 participants. The highest quartile of baseline knee flexor torque variability was found to be associated longitudinally with worsening pain (fourth quartile s estimate, mean ± SE, 0.49 ± 0.19; P = 0.0115; with R2 = 0.28 and P for trend across quartiles = 0.0370) and physical function scores (fourth quartile s estimate, mean ± SE, 1.39 ± 0.64; P = 0.0296; with R2 = 0.25 and P for trend across quartiles = 0.0371), after adjusting for baseline knee osteoarthritis and maximum knee flexor torque. There were no associations between baseline knee extensor torque and worsening pain or physical function by 60 mos. The presence of greater variability in maximum knee flexor strength may identify patients who may benefit from therapies aimed at preventing worsening knee pain and physical function.
Discussion on "A non-intrusive model-order reduction of geometrically nonlinear structural dynamics using modal derivatives"

Abstract This note is a short discussion of the paper “A Non-Intrusive Model-Order Reduction of Geometrically Nonlinear Structural Dynamics Using Modal Derivatives” in which reduced order models (ROMs) of the dynamic response of structures in the nonlinear geometric regime are constructed. The paper proposes modal derivatives to complement the linear modes for the representation of the structural displacements and compares the corresponding predictions obtained for 3 simple structures to those obtained with the linear modes + dual modes basis initially published about a decade ago. The predictions obtained with the latter bases are shown in the paper to be rather poor in contradiction with the many successful applications of this methodology in the literature. It is shown here that the issue stems in the paper from truncating too early the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), i.e., taking too few eigenvectors in the dual mode construction. When the POD approximation is conducted normally to convergence, it is found that the ROMs with linear modes + dual modes bases lead to very good predictions of the dynamic response. In fact, this good accuracy is seen to be maintained even when the response level is much larger than the examples shown in the paper.
At $28,000 a Dose, How Effective Is Acthar?

HP Acthar gel (corticotropin) has been criticized for its five-figure price tag, but of even greater concern is its lack of proven benefit over alternative treatments that cost pennies per pill.
Trends In Global Geopolitics and Their Impact on African States

There are, in the 21st Century, two happenings that forced change in the way people and countries relate to each other; they forced geopolitical realignment. These were first the terrorist attacks on the symbols of American power in New York and Washington DC on September 11, 2001. The second happening is the global outbreak of Coronavirus, COVID-19, early in 2020 at Wuhan, China, which quickly spread to the rest of the world and seemed to target countries and people of means. The United States was at the centre of the two happenings and its decisions affected the rest of the world. African countries were at the decision-making periphery, but not the impact periphery. The two happenings exposed American weakness in terms of public policy readiness, devastated the economy, and increased the amount of self-doubt among the Americans. Other countries lost trust in the United States and its claim to global leadership. As the United States lost credibility, China claimed that position in numerous ways. With time, China became the centre of geopolitical realignment at regional and global levels. Although the United States is playing catch-up to China, both powers are realigning, the impact on African states is immense, both positive and negative.
Importance of Developing Bilingual and Bicultural Identities: Parents’ Understanding of a Heritage Language Program for Children

This study focuses on a unique out-of-school community-oriented Spanish heritage language program (HLP) for children. Through semi-structured interviews, it examines two parents’ perceptions and understandings of the work this HLP does in the community and informs on the specific needs of the growing Latinx/Hispanic population and on how this program tries to meet those needs. The results show that parents acknowledge the importance for their children to develop bicultural identities, seeing the value in adapting to the new culture but also maintaining the home culture and language.
Association between mental health outcomes and lifetime criminal justice involvement in U.S. adults with diabetes.

Abstract Background Diabetes is a leading cause of death in the United States, and comorbid mental illness is associated with worse diabetes outcomes. Those with criminal justice involvement (CJI) have high rates of mental illness and diabetes prevalence. However, little is known about the relationship between CJI and mental illness among those with diabetes. Methods Using a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults with diabetes from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (2015-2018), we investigated the relationship between CJI and mental health outcomes (depression, serious psychologic distress, serious mental illness, moderate mental illness, any mental illness, functional status). Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between CJI and each mental health outcome adjusting for multiple socio-demographic and comorbidity variables. Results Of 11,594 respondents, representing 25,834,422 adults with diabetes, 17.1% reported prior CJI. In fully adjusted models, CJI was independently associated with all mental health outcomes: depression (aOR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.30), serious psychologic distress (aOR 1.53, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.90), serious mental illness (aOR 2.00, 95% CI: 1.58, 2.52), moderate mental illness (aOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.30, 2.26), any mental illness (aOR 1.92, 95% CI: 1.56, 2.35) and functional status (regression coefficient 3.6, 95% CI: 3.53, 3.79). Conclusion Those with diabetes and criminal justice involvement experience concentrated risk for poor mental health outcomes. Our findings suggest that mental health interventions may be imperative to achieving control of diabetes in the justice-involved population.
The Cyber Self: Facebook as a Predictor of Well‐being

Growing research suggests that Facebook may relate to users’ self-esteem, identity perceptions, and cognitive function by facilitating identity exploration and minimizing self-deception. The present study empirically investigated this possibility. A cross-sectional correlational design with a web-based survey was utilized. Participants (N = 446) were 24.3% male (N = 118), 67.2% female (N = 326), 2% transgender/in transition (N = 2). 59.6% of participants were ages 18–32 (N = 289) while 13.6% were age 23–27 (N = 66) and 18.3% over age 28 (N = 89). High frequency Facebook use significantly positively correlated with mature defense style (p < 0.05, r = 0.13). High self-esteem significantly positively correlated with mature defense styles (p < 0.01, r = 0.24) and negatively with immature styles (p < 0.05, r = −0.13). High frequency Facebook use also significantly positively correlated with Actualization Potential (p < 0.01, r = 0.20). In summary, higher levels of Facebook use appear to correlate with positive attributes such as low self-deception, mature coping, high self-esteem, and high actualization potential. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Regrettable Necessity of Contingent Valuation

Ordinary markets allow parties, not the state, to value property and projects. But they do not account for subjective value in such traditional contexts as condemnation. An awareness of these nonmarket values helps overcome any categorical opposition to the use of the contingent valuation method (CVM) to value cultural and environmental resources. But accurate CVM should measure all values, positive or negative, tononowners; it should apply generally to any substitute projects; and it should seek to account for diminishing marginal value of additional resource units. CVM should be used only to aggregate nonmarket preferences, not to skew the political debate to cultural or environmental objectives.
Plasmon-assisted optoelectrofluidics

By harnessing the photo-induced heating of a single plasmonic nanostructure and AC E-field in our research at the interface between plasmonics and optofluidics we demonstrate on-demand fluid flow control with unparalleled micron per second-scale velocities.
Avoiding Predators: Expectations and Evidence in Primate Antipredator Behavior

Predation and antipredator behavior are important but poorly studied influences on the evolution of primate societies. I review recent evidence of predation and antipredator strategies among primates. I describe patterns of antipredator behavior and attempt to explain the variation among primate taxa and among antipredator strategies. I use predation by chimpanzees on red colobus and antipredator strategies by the colobus as a case study of how a primate prey species may respond to the threat of predation.
Politics and tradition between Rome, Ravenna and Constantinople : a study of Cassiodorus and the Variae 527-554

Part I. The Variae as Windows onto Painted Curtains: Introduction 1. Cassiodorus and Italy in the fifth and sixth centuries Part II. Cassiodorus and the Circumstances of Political Survival: 2. The age of bureaucracy 3. The reign of Justinian 4. Voices of discontent in Constantinople 5. The Anicii between Rome, Ravenna and Constantinople 6. The memory of Boethius in the Variae Part III. Reading the Variae as Political Apologetic: 7. Literary aspects of the Variae 8. Antiquitas and Novitas: the language of good governance in the Variae 9. Natura and Law in Justinian's Novellae and the Variae 10. Reading good governance in the Variae and the De anima 11. The Variae as apologetic narrative 12. Conclusion: innovative traditionalism and its consequence Bibliography.
Curable hypertension: Usefulness of renal vein renin ratio

A case of severe hypertension in an adolescent male is presented. Initial evaluation of hypertension revealed a unilateral nonfunctioning kidney with no lateralization of renal vein renin ratio. Following 10 months of medical therapy, lateralization of renal vein renin was demonstrated, with subsequent cure of hypertension following nephrectomy.
THE TRANSFORMATION FROM MULTIDIVISIONAL FORM TO CORPORATE GROUPS OF SUBSIDIARIES IN THE 1980s

In the 1980s, the corporate form shifted from multidivisional forms to corporate groups of subsidiaries. Although many aspects of corporate change during the 1980s have been examined, the magnitude and nature of changes in corporate form have received relatively little attention. Moreover, this transformation of corporate form has been inadequately explained by the dominant theoretical perspectives on corporate form—managerialism, institutionalism, and agency theory. A new theory that incorporates dimensions of the existing perspectives is presented. This perspective maintains that corporate change occurs as a dialectical process, which in the 1980s involved a shift of corporate control from managers to owners, resulting from a crisis in the accumulation of capital in the corporation. After gaining control through institutional investments, owners insisted on greater return on their investments. Mergers and acquisitions transferred corporate capital from corporations, controlled by managers, to shareholders. The relative utility of this perspective compared to existing perspectives for explaining the transformation of corporate form in the 1980s is demonstrated, and hypotheses for understanding changes in corporate form in the 1990s are proposed.
Attributes of blowdown patches from a severe wind event in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA

There is increasing interest in large, infrequent, natural disturbances and how they affect ecosystems. Attributes of patches produced by some natural disturbances, such as blowdowns, have seldom been measured. We measured attributes of patches produced by a large blowdown (over 10 000 ha) in northern Colorado, USA in 1997. The blowdown produced 402, 655, or 756 patches, based on three different concepts of a blowdown patch. An inverse-J relationship shows that most patches are small in size ( 50% down). Blowdown patches are highly variable in their size, perimeter length, and distance to the nearest patch. The blowdown patches are larger and have more complex shapes than patches in the surrounding forest. Mean size of blowdown patches (25 ha) may be smaller than those of crown fires in a nearby forest, but similar total areas may be affected. About 75% of the blowdown area is within 125 m of a forest not blown down, so natural tree regeneration should not be a problem. About 16,400 ha of mature spruce-fir forest is susceptible to first-year attack by spruce beetles, as this forest is within the expected dispersal distance (1.2 km) from blowdown patches where beetle reproduction is favored. Timber harvest patches differ from blowdown patches in size and distance to nearest patch. It also may be inappropriate to mimic forest blowdown patches using timber harvesting in this region, due to the rare occurrence of large blowdowns, their spatial restriction, and other factors.
On the existence of plutonium-244 in the early solar system.

Abstract The relative abundance ratios of the excess heavy xenon isotopes extracted from certain meteorites show a remarkable resemblance to the relative yields of the fission mass chains 131:132:134:136 from the spontaneous fission of Pu242. The amounts of excess Xe136 in most achondrites are approximately 5 × 10−5 cc STP/g U, while some chondrites seem to contain a factor of 2 to 3 more than this. These data suggest that the extinct nuclide Pu224 was most likely responsible for the production of the excess heavy xenon isotopes found in the meteorites.
The Impact of Temperature Fluctuations on the Lyα Forest Power Spectrum

We explore the impact of spatial fluctuations in the intergalactic medium (IGM) temperature on the Lyα forest flux power spectrum near z ~ 3. We develop a semianalytic model to examine temperature fluctuations resulting from inhomogeneous H I and incomplete He II reionizations. Detection of these fluctuations might provide insight into the reionization histories of hydrogen and helium. Furthermore, these fluctuations, neglected in previous analyses, could bias constraints on cosmological parameters from the Lyα forest. We find that the temperature fluctuations resulting from inhomogeneous H I reionization are likely to be very small, with an rms amplitude of 5%, σ/T0 0.05. More important are the temperature fluctuations that arise from incomplete H II reionization, which might plausibly be as large as 50%, σ/T0 ~ 0.5. In practice, however, these temperature fluctuations have only a small effect on flux power spectrum predictions. The smallness of the effect is possibly due to density fluctuations dominating over temperature fluctuations on the scales probed by current measurements. On the largest scales currently probed, k ~ 0.001 s km-1 (~0.1 h Mpc-1), the effect on the flux power spectrum may be as large as ~10% in extreme models. The effect is larger on small scales, up to ~20% at k = 0.1 s km-1, due to thermal broadening. Our results suggest that the omission of temperature fluctuation effects from previous analyses does not significantly bias constraints on cosmological parameters.
A PRODUCT OF THE TN5 TRANSPOSASE GENE INHIBITS TRANSPOSITION

The bacterial transposon Tn5 possesses a regulatory mechanism that allows it to move with higher efficiency when it is first introduced into a cell than after it is established. Tn5 is a composite transposable element containing inverted repeats of two nearly identical elements, IS 50R, which encodes the transposase protein necessary for Tn5 movement, and IS50L which contains an ochre mutant allele of the transposase gene. Data presented here show that Tn5 transposition is inhibited about 50-fold in cells of Escherichia coli which already carry IS 50R in the multicopy plasmid pBR322. If the cells contain a plasmid carrying either IS50L instead of IS50R, or derivatives of IS 50R in which the transposase gene has been mutated, little if any inhibition of Tn5 transposition is found. Although inhibition had previously been hypothesized to require interaction between the products of IS50 L and IS50R, our results show that IS50R alone is sufficient to mediate inhibition and suggest that the inhibitor is a product of the transposase gene itself.
Computer simulations of early land plant branching morphologies; canalization of patterns during evolution?

-Using computer simulations and a quantitative method for describing bifurcating structures, the morphology of branching patterns seen in early land plants is analyzed. Four types or models of random branching (regular, geometric, binomial, and poisson) are shown to adequately describe the range of observed branching in most early land plants. Approximately 57% of all randomly generated computer patterns show reiterative branching events (=three successive identical modes of branching). Artificial canalization of reiterative events results in branching patterns structurally analogous with that of ancient fossil plants. Simulated phylogenetic changes among early land plant lineages, based on parsimonious transitions in branching patterns, indicate that most observed trends can be related directly to those seen in randomly generating branching patterns in which "size" is increased. The trimerophyte to progymnosperm trend in changing branching patterns is an exception, since the binomial model describing the progymnosperms has not been simulated by random processes. While the apparent phylogenetic changes among early land plant groups do not require deterministic explanations, the transition from regular to geometric branching and the "canalization" of reiterative branching patterns may represent a grade level response to selective pressures related to mechanical design and vegetative reproduction. Karl J. Niklas. Section of Plant Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 Accepted: June 12, 1982