cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modeling asymmetric reflectance in semicontinuous metal films using generalized Ohm's Law

Generalized Ohm's Law is used to model the phenomenon of broadband asymmetric reflectance recently observed in semicontinuous metal-dielectric films in the proximity of the percolation threshold. Qualitative agreement with experiment is achieved.
Reward Structures and Organizational Design: An Analysis of Institutions for the Elderly

This article is concerned with the issues of motivation and control of nursing home personnel to increase their responsiveness to the needs of the elderly. The perspective taken is one of organizational analysis and, specifically, a consideration of the functions and dysfunctions of particular reward structures. The reward structures analyzed are (1) reimbursement schemes for homes in relation to the performance of home administrators and (2) supervisory arrangements for personal care workers in regard to the delivery of nonroutine services to patients. We point out some of the difficulties inherent in existing organizational structures and suggest modifications to increase the influence of patients and their relatives.
Emotion in Schizophrenia Old Mystery, New Understanding

Early theories of schizophrenia emphasized emotional features, yet empirical research into the nature of emotion in schizophrenia has only recently been conducted. Drawing from the paradigms developed by emotion researchers and theorists, a number of replicable findings on emotion in schizophrenia have now emerged. Compared with nonpatients, schizophrenia patients exhibit very few outward displays of emotion, yet they exhibit subtle, microexpressive displays. Schizophrenia patients report experiencing strong emotions in response to emotional material, yet they do not often report experiencing strong pleasant emotions in daily living. These emotion disturbances have important social and intervention implications, and they point to a number of important directions for research.
Zivilgesellschaft als politische Strategie und theoretischer Ansatz

Die Idee der Zivilgesellschaft brach am Ende der 1970er Jahre in die intellektuelle und akademische Szene ein. Neue oppositionelle Bewegungen, die das kommunistische Herrschaftsregime herausforderten, lehnten den marxistischen Revisionismus ab. Sie entwickelten die Strategie einer wiederzubelebenden pluralistischen Zivilgesellschaft und sozialer Netzwerke im Sinne einer parallelen Polis, um den totalitaren Staat zu uberwinden.
An essential function of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C is relieved by inhibition of a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The PLC1 gene product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a homolog of the δ isoform of mammalian phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). We found that two genes ( SPL1 and SPL2 ), when overexpressed, can bypass the temperature-sensitive growth defect of a plc1 Δ cell. SPL1 is identical to the PHO81 gene, which encodes an inhibitor of a cyclin (Pho80p)-dependent protein kinase (Pho85p) complex (Cdk). In addition to overproduction of Pho81p, two other conditions that inactivate this Cdk, a cyclin ( pho80 Δ) mutation and growth on low-phosphate medium, also permitted growth of plc1 Δ cells at the restrictive temperature. Suppression of the temperature sensitivity of plc1 Δ cells by pho80 Δ does not depend upon the Pho4p transcriptional regulator, the only known substrate of the Pho80p/Pho85p Cdk. The second suppressor, SPL2 , encodes a small (17-kD) protein that bears similarity to the ankyrin repeat regions present in Pho81p and in other known Cdk inhibitors. Both pho81 Δ and spl2 Δ show a synthetic phenotype in combination with plc1 Δ. Unlike single mutants, plc1 Δ pho81 Δ and plc1 Δ spl2 Δ double mutants were unable to grow on synthetic complete medium, but were able to grow on rich medium.
Purification and Potency of the Sex Attractant from the Introduced Pine Sawfly, Diprion similis

The source, bioassay, purification and properties of the sex attractant from the introduced pine sawfly ( Diprion similis (Hartig)) (Hymenoptera:Diprionidae) are considered. The alkali-labile attractant from chromatographic purification in amounts as small as 0.004 micrograms attracted 500 to 1,000 males over a 100- to 200-foot distance within 5 minutes. Activity of the attractant in many types of extracts is “masked,” but potency is recovered on column or gas chromatography.
Chemokine receptor expression in rat adjuvant‐induced arthritis

Objective. Chemokine receptors mediate leukocyte migration into inflamed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue (ST). Knowledge of their distribution is crucial for understanding the evolution of the inflammatory process. In this study, we used rat adjuvantinduced arthritis (AIA), a model for RA, to define the temporospatial expression of chemokine receptors. Methods. ST from rats with AIA was immunostained, the percentage of cells expressing each receptor was determined, and findings were correlated with levels of inflammation. Chemokine receptor expression was evaluated on rat macrophages in vitro. Results. CCR1, a receptor for macrophage inflammatory protein 1 (MIP-1)/CCL3 and RANTES/ CCL5, exhibited high constitutive expression on macrophages in AIA. CCR5, binding MIP-1/CCL3 and RANTES/CCL5, was up-regulated on ST macrophages during the course of AIA, correlating with macrophage expression of CCR2, a receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein 1/CCL2. Endothelial cell (EC) CCR2 was down-regulated as arthritis progressed, inversely correlating with inflammation. CCR3, another RANTES/CCL5 receptor, was constitutively high on macrophages in vivo and in vitro, with down-regulation during AIA. CXCR4, a receptor for stromal cell–derived factor 1/CXCL12), was prominently up-regulated on ECs, preceding the peak of inflammation. Conclusion. These findings show that 1) constitutive expression of CCR1 on macrophages remains high during AIA; 2) CCR2 and CCR3 may play a role in initial recruitment of leukocytes to ST in AIA; 3) macrophage expression of CCR2 and CCR5 may be important for sustaining inflammatory changes; and 4) EC CXCR4 may be a harbinger of inflammatory changes. Our results may help guide chemokine receptor blockade–targeting treatment strategies in inflammatory arthritis.
A Review of Select Centralized Pain Syndromes: Relationship With Childhood Sexual Abuse, Opiate Prescribing, and Treatment Implications for the Primary Care Physician

Pain can be broadly divided into 3 classes, including nociceptive or inflammatory pain (protective), neuropathic (pathological, occurring after damage to the nervous system), or centralized (pathological, due to abnormal function but with no damage or inflammation to the nervous system). The latter has been posited to occur when descending analgesic pathways are attenuated and/or glutamatergic transmission is facilitated. Additionally, this “pain prone phenotype” can be associated with early life trauma and a suboptimal response to opiates. This article will review the relationships between centralized pain syndromes (ie, fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain), childhood sexual abuse, and opiate misuse. Finally, treatment implications, potentially effecting primary care physicians, will be discussed.
QoS Considerations for 60 GHz Wireless Networks

There has been intense commercial interest recently to enable wireless personal area network (WPAN) and wireless local area network (WLAN) applications over 60 GHz. In this paper, we consider the quality of service (QoS) support for usage scenarios that deliver high definition compressed video along with other data applications over 60 GHz in a relatively dense environment. Requirements and potential solutions are identified to support variable bit rate (VBR) traffic and coexistence of overlapping networks. Our investigation shows that a combination of medium access control (MAC) schemes such as time division multiple access (TDMA) with either carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) or polling may provide QoS guarantee while utilizing the channel efficiently. For support of overlapping networks, it is critical to address both intra- and inter-system interference from homogeneous and heterogeneous networks, respectively. While intra-system interference mitigation and management mechanisms should be incorporated into the MAC and physical (PHY) layers design of the system; inter-system interference may be managed through techniques such as common channelization, energy or preamble detection and avoidance.
Limbo champion in the low cost VR competition: the Power Glove Serial Interface

The Student Chapter of the Association for Computing Machinery at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was developed the PowerGlove Serial Interface (PGSI) as the next step in low-cost virtual reality interface technology. The authors discuss initial design problems, provide a short history of the project, and give a basic description of the device. Applications and software are discussed. >
Polynomial neural networks for signal processing in chaotic backgrounds

Summary form only given. Neural network signal processors can be trained to detect threshold signals in chaotic backgrounds where accurate global prediction, based upon learned behavior, may be possible. The neural network signal processing method is based upon the synthesis of a polynomial neural network (PNN) for global prediction of the chaotic background which is then subtracted in order to enhance the signal. As a demonstration of the PNN method, the authors have synthesized a PNN processor which produces a threshold signal-to-background improvement of over 20 dB in a chaotic background constructed from the Mackey-Glass delay differential equation. >
Evolution of Levers and Linkages in the Feeding Mechanisms of Fishes

SYNOPSIS. The evolution of feeding mechanisms in the ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) is a compelling example of transformation in a musculoskeletal complex involving multiple skeletal elements and numerous muscles that power skull motion. Biomechanical models of jaw force and skull kinetics aid our understanding of these complex systems and enable broad comparison of feeding mechanics across taxa. Mechanical models characterize how muscles move skeletal elements by pulling bones around points of rotation in lever mechanisms, or by transmitting force through skeletal elements connected in a linkage. Previous work has focused on the feeding biomechanics of several lineages of fishes, but a broader survey of skull function in the context of quantitative models has not been attempted. This study begins such a survey by examining the diversity of mechanical design of the oral jaws in 35 species of ray-finned fishes with three main objectives: (1) analyze lower jaw lever models in a broad phylogenetic range of taxa, (2) identify the origin and evolutionary patterns of change in the linkage systems that power maxillary rotation and upper jaw protrusion, and (3) analyze patterns of change in feeding design in the context of actinopterygian phylogeny. The mandibular lever is present in virtually all actinopterygians, and the diversity in lower jaw closing force transmission capacity, with mechanical advantage ranging from 0.04 to 0.68, has important functional consequences. A four-bar linkage for maxillary rotation arose in the Amiiformes and persists in various forms in many teleost species. Novel mechanisms for upper jaw protrusion based on this linkage for maxillary rotation have evolved independently at least five times in teleosts. The widespread anterior jaws linkage for jaw protrusion in percomorph fishes arose initially in Zeiformes and subsequently radiated into a wide range of premaxillary protrusion capabilities.
Captivity, Recovery from*

The recovery from prisoner-of-war and hostage captivity is presented in six stages. The early stages take place over brief intervals of time; the middle to late stages generally last over several weeks to months. Helpful coping is presented for each of these six stages. This article also points out the enormous difficulties medical personnel face in attempting to carry out optimal treatment for returned captives.
M. J. Tasman (a)

M. J. Tasman was quite disappointed with the first year's engagement scores. He puts his new plan into action and the results don't change. In an attempt to deal with his problem, he gets some specific feedback as to what he might do differently.
Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia Is Overestimated in Neonates with Cholestasis: A More Reliable Method Is Proposed

Unconjugated bilirubin was determined in 458 serum samples from 160 neonatal and pediatric patients by using two approaches. The first approach was to calculate indirect bilirubin by subtracting direct bilirubin, as measured by a diazo solution assay, from total bilirubin quantified by a Jendrassik-Grof procedure. The second approach was actually to measure the unconjugated bilirubin fraction using a multilayered slide. For samples containing little or no conjugated bilirubin, correlation between the calculated indirect bilirubin value and the unconjugated bilirubin measured by the slide was judged acceptable. Samples containing increased levels of conjugated bilirubin, however, yielded discrepancies between the approaches including differences of up to 5-10 mg/dL and more. Moreover, the magnitudes of the differences correlated with the amounts of conjugated bilirubin present in the samples. The unconjugated bilirubin values given by the slide were found to correlate more closely than the calculated indirect values with results obtained by an HPLC procedure that may be regarded as the most reliable method available. Therefore, we find that the slide provides a more accurate measure of unconjugated bilirubin than does the indirect bilirubin value in specimens from pediatric patients having evidence of cholestasis. The authors also believe that the magnitude of the difference in the values could make a difference in therapeutic strategies.
Merton's Partial Differential Equation and Fixed Point Theory

(1998). Merton's Partial Differential Equation and Fixed Point Theory. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 105, No. 5, pp. 412-420.
Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall, What's Unfair in the Reflections on Advertising?:

The author responds to Pollay's review of the “conventional wisdom” or “prevailing opinion” about the unintended consequences of advertising. After (re)constructing the implicit train of thought un...
The Controllability in Intimate Relationships Scale: Measuring Control Macro Contexts

We present the development and validation of a new measure to assess perceptions of community and social contexts (macro contexts) linked to controllability in relationships. The Controllability in Intimate Relationships Scale measures a person’s perceived situation regarding power, resources, and independence. This measure is a first step toward assessing links between macro contexts and control in intimate partner violence. Analyses conducted on the sample of 241 college students and community members included analysis of variance, Cronbach’s α, standard error of measurement, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results showed good reliability and model fit. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Decoding Neural Responses To Emotion in Television Commercials: An Integrative Study Of Self-Reporting and fMRI Measures

ABSTRACT Current practice in the field of neuromarketing either regards physiological measures as superior to self-reporting or uses just one type of measure. The current study proposed an integrative procedure combining a visual self-reporting scale with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure emotional response to television commercials. The researchers pinpointed brain responses to emotions in advertising at the gyrus level—the ridge between the two clefts on the cerebral surface of the brain—indicating the importance of the three key dimensions of emotion—appeal, engagement, and empowerment—in measuring feelings about advertising and marketing communications.
Role of endothelium and arterial K+ channels in mediating hypoxic dilation of middle cerebral arteries

Isolated middle cerebral arteries of rats were perfused and superfused simultaneously with physiological salt solution (PSS) equilibrated with control (21% O2) or with reduced O2 concentrations (15...
The Fight Against Corruption: The World Bank Debarment Policy

The chapter illustrates how, after 2010, when then President of the World Bank Robert Zoellick made his famous statement “Steal and cheat from one, get punished by all,” all multilateral development banks adopted a debarment policy in order to single out corruption and other criminal conduct commonly perpetrated during the execution of their projects. The chapter sets out the relevant history of the World Bank, as well as its structure and policy, and then analyzes the links between corruption, governance, and development issues. The chapter offers an extensive presentation of the World Bank sanctions system and the recently adopted policy of cross-debarment. Finally, the chapter analyzes the successfulness of the sanctions process adopted by the World Bank, and in particular considers how it could lead to an improvement in development effectiveness by means of an increase in transparency and accountability.
Nerve Injuries Associated with Wrist Trauma

Although nerve injury rarely accompanies wrist trauma or disease, the long-term functional result frequently depends more on resolution of the nerve deficit and symptoms than on resolution of the basic orthopedic pathology. The origins of nerve injury associated with orthopedic problems are reviewed, and a rational approach to their management is described.
A Novel Experimental Platform to Study the Temporal Evolution of Phosphoinositide Gradients in Model Membranes

A broad range of cellular functions have been linked to dynamically controlled phosphoinositide gradients, including the migration of Dictyostelium discoideum and human neutrophils. For efficient Dictyostelium migration phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) gradients are maintained through positive Ras/PI(3,4,5)P3 and negative Ras/TorC2/Akt feedback loops. Currently in the field there are several mathematical models that have been proposed to describe the dynamics of these phosphoinositide gradients. However, there are exceedingly few methods to test and expand these hypotheses using real model membranes with defined lipid and protein compositions of varying lateral heterogeneities. We have developed a novel experimental platform that takes advantage of the lamellar flow of microfluidics to study phosphoinositide gradients in supported lipid bilayers (SBL). With this platform we have successfully generated the phosphoinositide gradients in SBL. We quantified the gradients by total internal reflectance fluorescence microscopy (TIRF) and studied how these gradients are affected by external factors such as calcium. In addition, this platform can also be used to study the impact of proteins on the lipid gradient. We studied proteins such as the tumor suppressor protein PTEN that dephorphorylates PI(3,4,5)P3 to PI(4,5)P2 and how this enzyme can remodel the SBL in a gradient dependent manner. This novel platform can inform how the association of these proteins can impact such lipid gradients and begin to unravel how microorganisms maintain their complex lateral membrane organization.
Photorefractive properties of magnesium-oxide-doped lithium niobate at elevated temperatures

When lithium niobate is grown with ~4 mol.% magnesium oxide doping, it exhibits greatly reduced optical-damage effects.1 Previous room-temperature photorefractive and photovoltaic studies,2,3 as well as the thermal fixing studies3, of LiNbO3:MgO have also shown it to offer many favorable properties for optical information processing and storage. However, to date a detailed analysis of its photorefractive properties as a function of temperature has not been presented. In this paper, we investigate the temperature-dependent photorefractive properties of 4-mol.% MgO-doped LiNbO3 over the range of 30 °C to 200 °C. From the photorefractive time evolution of the recording and erasing processes at various temperatures (obtained by monitoring the diffraction efficiency of a nondestructive read beam), we determine the time constants of the various charge species as a function of temperature. The unique temperature-dependent properties were observed and analyzed by using the electron–hole model.4
AAC Clinical Education: Measuring Outcomes With Single Subject Designs

Single subject experimental designs are a clinical tool that enable speech-language pathologists to make low-inference, data-driven intervention decisions and can be particularly useful when treati...
Asking More of Our Metaphors: Narrative Strategies to End the “War on Alzheimer's” and Humanize Cognitive Aging

In all facets of our lives, humans construct meaning to understand their place in the world and their relationships to one another and to broader environments. Within this semantic web, words, stor...
Multi-parameter Optimization of a Thermoelectric Power Generator and Its Working Conditions

The global optimal working conditions and optimal couple design for thermoelectric (TE) generators with realistic thermal coupling between the heat reservoirs and the TE couple were studied in the current work. The heat fluxes enforced by the heat reservoirs at the hot and the cold junctions of the TE couple were used in combination with parameter normalization to obtain a single cubic algebraic equation relating the temperature differences between the TE couple junctions and between the heat reservoirs, through the electric load resistance ratio, the reservoir thermal conductance ratio, the reservoir thermal conductance to the TE couple thermal conductance ratio, the Thomson to Seebeck coefficient ratio, and the figure of merit (Z) of the material based on the linear TE transport equations and their solutions. A broad reservoir thermal conductance ranging between 0.01 W/K and 100 W/K and TE element length ranging from 10-7 m to 10-3 m were explored to find the global optimal systems. The global optimal parameters related to the working conditions, i.e., reservoir thermal conductance ratio and electric load resistance ratio, and the optimal design parameter related to the TE couple were determined for a given TE material. These results demonstrated that the internal and external electric resistance, the thermal resistance between the reservoirs, the thermal resistance between the reservoir and the TE couple, and the optimal thermoelement length have to be well coordinated to obtain optimal power production.
Profiling cybersecurity competition participants

This paper presents the main results of a large-scale survey on cybersecurity competition participants in the past decade. 588 participants of the Cybersecurity Awareness Week (CSAW) competition were surveyed with measures of personality, interests, culture, decision-making and attachment styles in an exploratory study designed to identify the characteristics of cybersecurity competition participants. Subgroups analyses were performed to examine individual differences between self-proclaimed hackers and non-hackers, males and females, and cybersecurity employees versus students. Regression analyses were used to identify variables that influenced the extent to which cybersecurity competitions were effective at convincing participants to pursue a future career in cybersecurity. Cybersecurity participants who displayed higher self-efficacy, rational decision-making style, and more investigative interests were more likely to declare an interest in a career in cybersecurity after the competition.
28. Responsibility of International Organizations and Justiciability of Disputes

This chapter takes up some critical and practical aspects regarding the justiciability of disputes involving the responsibility of international organizations. It discusses some of the formal and practical limitations of the judicial function when dealing with the responsibility accruing from international organizations apart from matters of propriety, of admissibility or of jurisdiction in a technical sense. The chapter explains how immunity or privileges chiefly, as well as problems of form and policy, may give rise to the non-justiciability of disputes in this context. It describes factors militating in favor of justiciability of disputes involving international organizations, observing how the trend towards justiciability has also impacted organizations. The chapter discusses some of the special factors that make justiciability a more complex function in this legal environment given the nature of the subjects. It discusses different aspects of the law of responsibility of international organizations through the lenses of global administrative law. Keywords: global administrative law; international organizations; law of responsibility
Mixed Emotions: Toward a Phenomenology of Blended and Multiple Feelings:

After using descriptive experience sampling to study randomly selected moments of inner experience, we make observations about feelings, including blended and multiple feelings. We observe that inn...
Nicolaus Of Damascus: The Life Of Augustus and The Autobiography: Edited with Introduction, Translations and Historical Commentary

Nicolaus of Damascus, the chief minister of Herod the Great, was an exact contemporary of the first Roman emperor Augustus; he spent considerable time in Roman society and knew Augustus. The extensive remains of his Bios Kaisaros contain the earliest and most detailed account of the conspiracy against Julius Caesar and his assassination. The Bios also presents the most extensive account of the boyhood and early development of Augustus. This edition presents the Greek text and translation of the Bios and Nicolaus' autobiography, along with a historical and historiographical commentary. The Introduction situates the text in relation to the considerable evidence for the life and career of Nicolaus preserved in the works of Josephus, addresses the problem of its date of composition, analyses the language and narrative technique of Nicolaus and discusses the Bios in relation to the evidence for Greek biographical encomium.
An Elderly Man With Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor and a Cavitary Right Upper Lobe Lung Mass.

Case Presentation An elderly man presented to the ED from a nursing care facility after transient loss of consciousness. Three weeks previously, the patient had been diagnosed with a high-grade pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) with metastases to the liver after being hospitalized for weakness. A chest radiograph at that time had revealed a right upper lobe mass that was presumed to represent a metastatic lesion (Fig 1); CT of the chest demonstrated similar findings (Fig 2). The patient had recovered consciousness on arrival to the ED and was diagnosed clinically as having had a syncopal episode from dehydration due to poor intake. On review of systems, the patient reported shortness of breath and a cough productive of scant mucoid sputum of 1 week's duration. He had no complaints of fever but complained of weakness and poor appetite. In addition, his medical history was significant for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and congestive heart failure with systolic dysfunction. He was a former smoker. Prior to his recent illness and hospitalization, he lived at home with his family and was independent in his activities of daily living.
Winning Streaks in Sports and the Misperception of Momentum

There is an almost universal belief by athletes, sports fans and media observers that momentum is an important force in sports contests. Terms such as winning streaks, the hot hand in basketball shooting, and batting slumps in baseball are pan of the lexicon of sports and are examples of perceived momentum. Prior research has demonstrated that athletes perceive that momentum exists, but evidence of the effect of momentum on performance within individual athletic contests has proved elusive. This research extends that exploration by looking for momentum over a season. Actual winning and losing streaks for the 28 major league baseball teams and the 29 National Basketball Association teams were compared to streaks that would have occurred under the assumption that game outcome is independent of the outcome of the most recent previous games. The chi-square goodness-of-fit test showed a very close fit of actual streaks to expected streaks under the independence assumption, with none of the ten chi-square probabilities approaching the customary .05 significance levet Also, the Wald-Wolfowitz runs test for randomness produced only Steam season observations out of 86 with significance levels =< .05. The results suggest that sports participants and observers place an unjustified importance on momentum as a causal factor in outcomes of sport contests.
Superstorm Sandy: Emergency management staff perceptions of impact and recommendations for future preparedness, New York State.

Objective: This study collected and summarized feedback from staff at the New York State (NYS) Office of Emergency Management (OEM) and three county OEMs within NYS to understand lessons learned from the 2012 Superstorm Sandy. Design: Cross-sectional qualitative and quantitative analysis. Subjects, Participants: One staff person from each identified critical role from the state and county OEMs who were still employed in the roles identified. Interventions: In-person interviews in 2014 followed by an anonymous survey in 2015 examined the response strengths, challenges, and recommendations using federally and study-defined Public Health Preparedness Capabilities. Quantitative analysis of staff survey ratings was used to summarize perceptions of interagency collaboration, communication effectiveness, and differences by staff position. Results: Response rates were 78 percent for interviews (n = 7) and 45 percent for surveys (n = 36). In interviews, “emergency operations coordination” was cited most frequently (48 percent), specifically for successful interagency coordination. “Emergency operations coordination” was also cited most among challenges (45 percent), with emphasis on problems with uniformity of software systems across agencies. Survey responses indicated that “volunteer management” (50 percent) and the “safety and health of responders” (40 percent) were frequently reported as challenges. Additionally, 38 percent of OEM staff reported that situation reports submitted by health departments need improvement. Recommendations from OEM staff included “emergency operations coordination” (36 percent) such as sharing of resources and “training” (16 percent) including hospital evacuation training. Conclusions: Analysis of OEM staff feedback identified specific challenges, and concrete recommendations were made to improve response going forward.
On a mixed boundary value problem for an infinite elastic cone

Die Verfasser haben ein gemischtes Randwertproblem fur einen unendlichen elastischen Kegel mit Spitzenwinkel2 α auf die Losung einer endlichen Wiener-Hopf-Gleichung zuruckgefuhrt. Der wesentliche Schritt besteht darin, eine FunktionK(s), die in einem Streifen regular ist, als ein Produkt von Faktoren darzustellen, die auf ubereinanderliegenden Halbebenen regular sind. In dem hier behandelten Fall fur willkurliches α ist diese Methode besonders schwierig. In dem Sonderfalle des elastischen Halbraumes α=π/2 konnen jedoch bekannte Resultate erlangt werden. Das deutet darauf hin, dass die Methode auf das Kegelproblem anwendbar ist, vorausgesetzt dass die erforderliche Faktorzerlegung durchgefuhrt werden kann.
Single and combined effects of plant‐derived and synthetic cannabinoids on cognition and cannabinoid‐associated withdrawal signs in mice

Background and purpose It has been suggested that the non-euphorogenic phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) can ameliorate adverse effects of Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). We determined whether CBD ameliorates cognitive deficits and withdrawal signs induced by cannabinoid CB1 /CB2 receptor agonists or produces these pharmacological effects on its own. Experimental approach The effects of THC or the CB1 /CB2 receptor full agonist WIN55212 alone, CBD alone or their combination were tested across a range of doses. Cognitive effects were assessed in C57BL/6 mice in a conditional discrimination task and in the Barnes maze. Cannabinoid withdrawal signs were assessed following precipitated withdrawal by acute administration of the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716, the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY100635, the TRPV1 receptor antagonist capsazepine or the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH58261. Key results THC produced significant motor and cognitive impairment in the Barnes maze task, none of which were attenuated by the addition of CBD. CBD alone did not affect cognitive performance. Precipitation of withdrawal signs by SR141716 occurred in mice chronically treated with THC or WIN55,212. These withdrawal signs were not attenuated by addition of chronic CBD. Chronic treatment with CBD alone did not induce withdrawal signs precipitated by SR141716 or WAY100635. Chronic CBD treatment also produced anxiolysis, which was not altered by attempting to precipitate withdrawal-induced anxiety with a range of antagonists. Conclusions and implications CBD as a monotherapy may prove to be a safer pharmacological agent, than CB1 receptor agonists alone or in combination with CBD, for the treatment of several disorders. Linked articles This article is part of a themed section on 8th European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.10/issuetoc.
Glitch style visualization of disrupted neuronal connectivity in Parkinson's disease

Neuronal connectivity graphs can give valuable insight into the structure of the brain and patterns of functional activity. In this paper we describe a connectivity visualization technique using contrasting styles to emphasize the differences between pairs of graphs. Our proposed technique enables interactive exploration of connectivity graphs at the various levels of the hierarchical structure of the brain — atlas regions, brain lobes and cerebral hemispheres. We demonstrate our methods on data obtained from matched pairs of subjects in a Parkinson's disease (PD) study. Control group data is displayed in a smooth, organic style with continuous transitions between views at different levels of the brain hierarchy using edge bundling and a new node bundling technique. Data from the PD group is displayed with glitch and noise effects inspired by PD symptoms, highlighting the differences between each subject and their matched pair from the control group. We conclude by describing avenues for further evaluation of this preliminary work.
A Novel Fabrication Technique for Prescribed Interior Cracks in a Metal

One of the major concerns in nondestructive evaluation (NDE) is the detection and characterization of cracks in structural materials. In the development of NDE methodologies, laboratory samples containing known flaws are very useful for the experimental verification of models and algorithms. Simulated flaws made to specific design serve to check the correctness of various aspects of an NDE technique under development. In addition, model flaws are also used in the calibration of nondestructive testing equipments. A familiar example is the ubiquitous flat bottom hole test blocks.
Improvements in Baseband Fiber Optic Transmission by Superposition of High-Frequency Microwave Modulation

It is well known that phase noise fluctuations in the output of a semiconductor laser can produce intensity noise fluctuations upon transmission through a fiber-optic link due to interferometric phase-to-intensity conversion [145, 146, 147, 148]. In a single-mode fiber link, the interferometric conversion occurs when multiple reflections occur between a pair of fiber interfaces (Fig. 15.1). Even in the absence of such fiber discontinuities, Rayleigh backscattering in a sufficiently long piece of fiber can cause similar effects [149]. If a laser source is used in a multimode fiber link, the different transverse modes of the fiber interfere with one another and produce the well-known “modal noise.” This chapter specifically studies the former case (multiple discrete reflections in a single-mode fiber link), although it is straightforward to extend the formalism to the case of modal noise in multimode fibers. The nature of interferometric noise has been studied in [145, 146, 147].
Extracranial-to-Intracranial Bypass for Pressor Dependent Cerebrovascular Insufficiency: Modified Classification and Representative Case.

BACKGROUND While some randomized clinical trials have reduced the indications for cerebral revascularization in the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke, a distinct subset of patients with blood pressure augmentation dependent cerebrovascular insufficiency due to large vessel occlusions remains unaddressed. With the recent paradigm shifts in acute ischemic stroke care, the role of extracranial to intracranial (EC-IC) bypass must be re-addressed when endovascular intervention is not a feasible option. We submit a refined classification of cerebrovascular insufficiency with a category called Pressor-Dependent Cerebrovascular Insufficiency (PD-CVI) for whom EC-IC bypass may be indicated. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 61-year-old female former smoker presented with one day of intermittent left faciobrachial weakness and was found to have middle cerebral artery and cervical internal carotid artery occlusions. On admission to the intensive care unit, she was found to have PD-CVI with an intravenous pressor dependent blood pressure threshold over which she had near resolution of her neurological deficits. With endovascular intervention precluded given the ICA occlusion, she underwent an urgent right sided EC-IC bypass. The procedure was without complication, with careful attention to maintaining hypertension perioperatively. She required no pressors postoperatively and was neurologically intact at three months post-operatively. CONCLUSION With recent advances in acute ischemic stroke care, there remains a need for careful consideration of cerebral revascularization surgery in patients with evidence of PD-CVI who may be precluded from or failed endovascular intervention.
Biosynthesis of riboflavin: reductase and deaminase of Ashbya gossypii.

Abstract Two enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of riboflavin have been found in Ashbya gossypii , an organism that produces and excretes riboflavin in large quantities. The first of these (called “reductase”) functions to reduce the ribose group of 2,5-diamino-6-oxy-4-(5′-phosphoriboyslamino)pyrimidine (PRP, Compound II, Fig. 1) to the ribityl group of Compound IV (Fig. 1). The second enzyme (called “deaminase”) catalyzes the deamination of Compound IV to Compound V. The evidence indicates that in A. gossypii the reductase functions before the deaminase, in contrast to the reaction sequence known to operate in Escherichia coli in which deamination takes place before reduction ( Burrows, R.B. and Brown, G.M. (1978) J. Bacteriol., 136 , 657–667 ).
Dietary Change Strategies

There is clear evidence that intensive educational and behavioral interventions are effective for teaching and persuading motivated persons and small groups to change their diets. However, no single type of intervention has proven consistently successful, and there are many reports of ineffective or minimally effective interventions, as well. The most intensive strategies (e.g., those in clinical trials) have produced the greatest effects on dietary behavior and physiological risk factors. The cost per person reached is also the greatest for the most intensive strategies. Recently published research demonstrates that well-designed and implemented, culturally sensitive multi-component interventions for low literacy and lower socioeconomic populations can be effective. Policy interventions and changes in the food and nutrition environment have great potential to enhance the effects of individually focused interventions.
Diagnosing Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Inflammatory Arthritis: Assumption Is the Enemy of True Understanding.

Abstract Background Despite concern over the interpretation of serum and synovial fluid tests to screen and diagnose periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in patients with inflammatory arthritis, only a single study has investigated this area. We aimed to assess accuracy of clinical and laboratory markers for PJI diagnosis in the context of underlying inflammatory arthritis. Methods This multicenter study was conducted on total joint arthroplasty patients at 3 different centers between 2001 and 2016. PJI was defined based on Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria. Acute PJI cases were excluded. Patients operated for a diagnosis other than infection, who did not subsequently fail at 1-year follow-up, were considered aseptic revisions. Serum C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, synovial white blood cell and differential, as well as alpha-defensin and results of frozen section were documented. Results In total, 1220 patients undergoing revision total joint arthroplasty (567 PJI, 653 aseptic) were included. Fifty-five septic patients and 61 in the aseptic group had inflammatory arthritis. Although mean levels of serum C-reactive protein and synovial white blood cell in inflammatory arthritis patients were significantly higher compared to patients without inflammatory arthritis, there were no significant differences in PJI patients. The thresholds associated with increased risk for PJI in patients with and without inflammatory arthritis were similar and closely resembled traditional cut-points. Conclusion We demonstrate higher baseline immune upregulation in aseptic revision cases with inflammatory arthritis, but no significant differences are seen for PJI. Conventional PJI thresholds for serum and synovial diagnostic markers should be adhered to. Assumptions about inflammatory arthritis patients needing differential diagnostic protocols should be avoided.
Perceptions of University Aviation Association Members Concerning Scholarly Writing and Publication

This research study was an investigation of the perceptions of University Aviation Associations (UAA) members as to the availability and suitability of various publications sources. The publication sources in question were those that are considered by the academic community as scholarly in nature such as textbooks, research reports, journal articles, and manuals. A survey instrument was developed as a data gathering tool for the study. The survey instrument was sent to 106 members of the UAA; seventy-six percent were returned. Questions contained in the survey instrument asked the respondent to indicate the importance of scholarly writing at their institutions, their academic qualifications, and to provide information relative to whether there were sufficient outlets for scholarly writing. The respondents indicated that scholarly writing was important at their institutions and that sufficient publication sources were not available. In addition, respondents indicated that scholarly writing affected decisions on retention, promotion, tenure, and merit.
Poster: Frequency Scaling in Time Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Networks

Many wireless sensor networks rely on synchronization protocols to correlate measurements on different nodes. In order to save power in these applications, we consider two stages for the nodes as synchronization timeslot and the synchronous task that can run on different clock frequencies. Implemented on a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chip, decreasing the clock frequency from 16 MHz to 1 MHz results in 2x and 7.5x reduction in crystal oscillator and timer run currents, respectively. Experimental results show that when the synchronization timeslot runs on the 16 MHz clock and then the clock frequency reduces to 1 MHz for executing the task, synchronization accuracies are similar to the case where only the high frequency clock is used.
Total neutron cross sections of the hydrogen and helium isotopes

Abstract The following experimental total neutron cross section data are reported: for H 3 and He 3 in the energy region from about 0.2 to 20 MeV; for He 4 from 1 to 15 MeV; rather precise measurements for H 1 and H 3 at 14.10 MeV. Interesting comparisons are made with the theoretical calculations reported by Bransden, Robertson and Swan for H 3 and He 3 .
Modulation of gene silencing by Cdc7p via H4 K16 acetylation and phosphorylation of chromatin assembly factor CAF-1 in saccharomyces cerevisiae

CAF-1 is an evolutionarily conserved H3/H4 histone chaperone that plays a key role in replication-coupled chromatin assembly and is targeted to the replication fork via interactions with PCNA, which, if disrupted, leads to epigenetic defects. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , when the silent mating-type locus HMR contains point mutations within the E silencer, Sir protein association and silencing is lost. However, mutation of CDC7 , encoding an S-phase-specific kinase, or subunits of the H4 K16-specific acetyltransferase complex SAS-I, restore silencing to this crippled HMR , HMR a e** . Here, we observed that loss of Cac1p, the largest subunit of CAF-1, also restores silencing at HMR a e** , and silencing in both cac1 Δ and cdc7 mutants is suppressed by overexpression of SAS2 . We demonstrate Cdc7p and Cac1p interact in vivo in S phase, but not in G1, consistent with observed cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of Cac1p, and hypoacetylation of chromatin at H4 K16 in both cdc7 and cac1 Δ mutants. Moreover, silencing at HMR a e ** is restored in cells expressing cac1p mutants lacking Cdc7p phosphorylation sites. We also discovered that cac1 Δ and cdc7-90 synthetically interact negatively in the presence of DNA damage, but that Cdc7p phosphorylation sites on Cac1p are not required for responses to DNA damage. Combined, our results support a model in which Cdc7p regulates replication-coupled histone modification via a CAC1 -dependent mechanism involving H4 K16ac deposition, and thereby silencing, while CAF-1-dependent replication- and repair-coupled chromatin assembly per se are functional in the absence of phosphorylation of Cdc7p consensus sites on CAF-1.
NSF Workshop on EDA: Past, Present, and Future (Part 1)

The July 2009 National Science Foundation workshop on EDA had two objectives: First, to reflect on EDA's success and to see if EDA practices can influence other fields of computer science and if EDA methodology can be applied to other application domains; and second, to review the progress made under the National Design Initiative and evaluate what new directions and topics should be added to the Initiative. This two-part report, part 1 of which appears in this issue, contains an overview of EDA, its funding history, a discussion of major challenges, related emerging technologies, and a look at how EDA experience might help in developing these technologies, along with associated educational aspects and challenges. The report also considers EDA's relation with computer science theorists and how this collaboration can be revived. Finally, the report presents three sets of recommendations on how to promote EDA and assist with the serious challenges it faces in the future.
{4-Phenyl-1-[1-(1,3-thia-zol-2-yl)ethyl-idene]-thio-semicarbazidato}{4-phenyl-1-[1-(1,3-thia-zol-2-yl)ethylidene]-thio-semi-carbazide}nickel(II) chloride mono-hydrate.

In the title compound, [Ni(C12H11N4S2)(C12H12N4S2)]Cl·H2O, the NiII ion is chelated by two 2-acetyl­thia­zole-3-phenyl­thio­semicarbazone ligands, forming a distorted octa­hedral complex. The metal ion is coordinated via the thia­zole nitro­gen, imine nitro­gen and thione sulfur atoms from each thio­semicarbazone ligand, and two coordinating units lie almost perpendicular to each other give dihedral angle = 81.89 (1)°]. One thio­semicarbazone unit is found to bind a chloride anion through two hydrogen bonds, while the other is linked with the disordered crystal water molecule. Two mol­ecules are connected to each other through an inter­molecular N—H⋯S inter­action, forming a centrosymmetric dimer. Dimers are linked into sheets by π–π stacking of two phenyl rings [shortest C⋯C distance = 4.041 (3) A].