cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ca2+/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-dependent activation of Per1 is required for light-induced signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian clock.

Light is a prominent stimulus that synchronizes endogenous circadian rhythmicity to environmental light/dark cycles. Nocturnal light elevates mRNA of the Period1(Per1) gene and induces long term state changes, expressed as phase shifts of circadian rhythms. The cellular mechanism forPer1 elevation and light-induced phase advance in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a process initiated primarily by glutamatergic neurotransmission from the retinohypothalamic tract, was examined. Glutamate (GLU)-induced phase advances in the rat SCN were blocked by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) againstPer1 and Ca2+/cAMP response element (CRE)-decoy ODN. CRE-decoy ODN also blocked light-induced phase advances in vivo. Furthermore, the CRE-decoy blocked GLU-induced accumulation of Per1 mRNA. Thus, Ca2+/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and Per1 are integral components of the pathway transducing light-stimulated GLU neurotransmission into phase advance of the circadian clock.
Anderson and Escher’s The MBA Oath: Review Essay

Max Anderson and Peter Escher’s The MBA Oath addresses the need for a set of ethical standards to provide guidance to MBA graduates as they go about their everyday professional business. Their oath is relevant to the concerns of others in business but clearly was inspired by the special problems they encountered in the classroom as members of the Harvard MBA class of 2009. The oath and the book itself evolved from the financial meltdown of 2008 for which MBAs often felt that they were being held accountable. Our review begins with the oath itself. Then we turn to the rest of the book in which we have organized our comments around its strengths and weaknesses.
SWIPE: eager erasure of sensitive data in large scale systems software

We describe SWIPE, an approach to reduce the life time of sensitive, memory resident data in large scale applications written in C. In contrast to prior approaches that used a delayed or lazy approach to the problem of erasing sensitive data, SWIPE uses a novel eager erasure approach that minimizes the risk of accidental sensitive data leakage. SWIPE achieves this by transforming a legacy C program to include additional instructions that erase sensitive data immediately after its intended use. SWIPE is guided by a highly-scalable static analysis technique that precisely identifies the locations to introduce erase instructions in the original program. The programs transformed using SWIPE enjoy several additional benefits: minimization of leaks that arise due to data dependencies; erasure of sensitive data with minimal developer guidance; and negligible performance overheads.
The Military and Politics In Turkey

Kemal Ataturk entrusted the safety of Turkey's future to her youth. In effect, however, it has been the armed forces who have been the protectors of the state. In the past 64 years since the founding of the republic in 1923, there have been three major instances of intrusion, albeit reluctantly, by the military in the political arena. In every instance withdrawal to the barracks was undertaken by the officer corps themselves. This article examines two critical factors as they pertain to the role of the Turkish military in politics. One factor is a historical review of civil-military relations and how the armed forces interpret the sanctity of civilian rule. The other examines officer corps' recruitment patterns that might provide clues as to the perceptions of the corps' role in the Turkish political arena.
Association Between Traffic Volume and Health Care Use for Asthma Among Residents at a U.S.–Canadian Border Crossing Point

Little information is available about health impacts of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) traffic-related pollution on residents near the major traffic corridors along the U.S.-Canadian border. Here we report on a 10 year (1991-2000) retrospective study of commercial traffic volumes across the Peace Bridge and health care use for asthma in a residential community, which serves as a conduit for traffic crossing between Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada, and Buffalo, New York. We hypothesized that commercial traffic pollution was impacting on residents in close proximity to the trade corridor. Commercial traffic volumes, hospital discharges for asthma, and outpatient visits to area hospitals and clinics were analyzed before and after implementation of NAFTA. Results showed a positive association between increased commercial traffic volume and increased health care use for asthma. Zip codes 14201 and 14213, which surround the Peace Bridge Plaza Complex (PBC), had the highest prevalence rates and health care use rates for asthma. Statistical analysis showed the findings to be significant (p < 0.05) in that residential proximity to the PBC was associated with greater hospital discharge rates for asthma. The findings were strongest (p < 0.000) in the zip codes where the PBC was located (14213) and the major highway I-190 passed through (14201). A yearly excess of 230.2 adult asthma hospital discharges was associated with an increase in traffic volume during the period from 1991 to 1996 in the study area. This is in contrast to an overall decrease in the national rate of hospitalizations for asthma by 7.5% in the same period. The results suggest that NAFTA-related commercial traffic has a negative health impact on asthmatics living in close proximity to the trade corridor. Health and social costs due to traffic pollution need to be included in cost estimates of transport decisions related to the NAFTA corridors. Similar health effects due to NAFTA traffic need to be studied at other U.S.-Canada border crossing points.
Testing Disturbance, Seeding Time, and Soil Amendments for Establishing Native Warm‐Season Grasses in Non‐Native Cool‐Season Pasture

Incorporating native C4 grasses into pastures dominated by C3 grasses can augment tallgrass prairie restoration efforts while improving pasture production. We examined grazing and burning disturbances to promote the establishment of native C4 grasses sown in fall and spring into existing C3 pastures. A second objective was to test the role of resource availability on C4 grass establishment by manipulating inorganic nitrogen (N) availability within each seeding time and management treatment combination. We drill seeded three C4 native prairie grasses (Andropogon gerardii Vitman [big bluestem], Panicum virgatum L. [switchgrass], and Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash [Indiangrass]) into an existing C3 grass pasture and applied combinations of disturbance (grazed or burned) and soil amendments (carbon [+C], ambient [N0], nitrogen [+N]) treatments. We monitored native grass recruitment within these treatments over a 3-year period (2005 through 2007). Whereas native grasses established under rotational grazing, higher recruitment was observed with annual burning. There were periods of N immobilization with C addition, but we observed no benefit to native grass recruitment. Native grasses did not establish under N addition, irrespective of disturbance and seeding, and were not affected by seeding time. Regression tree analyses showed that the best predictor of native grass density in 2006 and 2007 was belowground net primary production in 2006, which was greater under burned plots in 2006 but did not differ between C addition and ambient soil N treatments. This research demonstrates that burning facilitates and nutrient enrichment inhibits native warm-season grass reintroduction and establishment into non-native cool-season grass dominated pastures.
Confusion and Corticosteroids: 80-Year Old Woman with Pruritic Urticarial Plaques and Tense Blisters

An 80-year old woman with adult-onset diabetes mellitus presented to dermatology clinic several years ago with a 12-month history of a pruritic urticarial skin eruption of the flank and extremities. Her visit to dermatology was prompted by the new development of superimposed tense blisters (Fig. 2.1). She denied symptoms to suggest oropharyngeal, conjunctival, or genital mucosal involvement. Skin biopsy of perilesional skin demonstrated a subepidermal separation with eosinophilic spongiosis. Direct immunofluorescence showed linear deposition of C3 only. Indirect immunofluorescence with human salt-split skin showed linear deposition of IgG on the epidermal side of the blister. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for BP180 and BP230 were elevated at 34 and 73 units, respectively (normal: <9 units).
Gestational Vitamin 25(OH)D Status as a Risk Factor for Receptive Language Development: A 24-Month, Longitudinal, Observational Study

Emerging data suggest that vitamin D status during childhood and adolescence can affect neurocognitive development. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether gestational 25(OH)D status is associated with early childhood cognitive and receptive language development. The Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood Study (CANDLE) study enrolled 1503 mother-child dyads during the second trimester of healthy singleton pregnancies from Shelby County TN. Among 1020 participants of the total CANDLE cohort for whom 25(OH)D levels were available, mean gestational 25(OH)D level during the second trimester was 22.3 ng/mL (range 5.9–68.4), with 41.7% of values <20 ng/dL. Cognitive and language scaled scores increased in a stair-step manner as gestational 25(OH)D levels in the second trimester rose from <20 ng/dL, through 20–29.99 ng/dL, to ≥30 ng/dL. When controlling for socioeconomic status, race, use of tobacco products, gestational age of the child at birth, and age at the 2-year assessment, the gestational 25(OH)D was positively related to receptive language development (p < 0.017), but not cognitive or expressive language.
Periodic energy release in the New Madrid seismic zone

The annual release of strain energy by earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone, as represented by the strain factor, is calculated and cumulated. When the main annual energy release, in the form of a linear regression, is subtracted from the data, the residual curve suggests that the energy release rate is cyclical with a period of 30 to 35 yr for earthquakes of magnitude 5.5 or less. Furthermore, the current rate is well below normal and may be expected to significantly increase in the near future. Although the increase may be in the form of several small earthquakes, the historical pattern suggests that at least one earthquake of body-wave magnitude 5.0 to 5.2 may be anticipated.
Personality factor profiles of collegiate football teams.

Abstract Five collegiate football teams were selected so as to provide data on winning and losing teams as well as on several categories of colleges. Personality profiles of the five teams (N=139) on the Cattell 16 P. F. test were scrutinized through a multiple-discriminant analysis and a maximum-likelihood classification method. Significant discrimination between teams was demonstrated with the highest contributors to the derived-discriminant function being factor B (intelligence), factor H (shy versus bold), factor O (confident versus worrying), and factor Q3 (casual versus controlled). Based upon actual versus predicted group membership, the percentage of correct classifications was 55. When based upon prediction into winning or losing categories, the percentage of correct classifications was 82. The contrast between univariate and multivariate analysis was commented upon.
Short-term interventions for survivors of intimate partner violence: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Intimate partner violence (IPV) impacts millions of adults and children every year and can result in homicide, legal proceedings, the involvement of child welfare, and the need for emergency shelter for survivors and their families. Survivors of IPV may develop psychological and somatic symptoms to the trauma, including anxiety, depression, and other mental health related disorders in addition to facing numerous safety, financial, and social challenges. To reestablish stability, effective short-term interventions are needed in order to address these issues survivors face. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes the extant literature on short-term interventions for survivors of IPV. Twenty-one studies are included in the analysis and overall effect sizes calculations and moderator analysis were conducted. On average, effects sizes were large (g = 1.02) suggesting that most sort-term interventions are effective, however CBT-based interventions that were tailored to IPV survivors achieved the largest effect sizes. Results of this study are presented in a question and answer format with the intent to guide practitioners, researchers and policy makers. IPV survivors access services in a variety of shelter and outpatient settings and present diverse needs. Although this study contributes a systematic review of the existing literature on IPV, there are relatively few rigorous outcome studies and even fewer that reflect the diversity in this population and the complexity of responding to IPV in real-world settings.
Relevant Alternatives in Resolving the Rural Poverty Problem

T HE PURPOSE here is to list and examine briefly those alternatives that might be created by the land-grant system (including the USDA and the land-grant universities), or by other institutions with similar competences, interests, and resources. The means would be the traditional methods developed by that system-the creation, assembly, and dissemination of relevant information. It is not that other groups have no role to play but that knowledge is basic to any actions likely to lead to a reduction in rural poverty. It is assumed that rural areas would be willing to take political as well as economic actions, and in the public as well as in the private sector. Two general types of solutions suggest themselves. One is to take existing growth rates in national income and employment to be the best attainable and to redistribute income in favor of households with low levels of purchasing power.' The second general type of solution would be to increase the total
Controllable red and blue bandgap energy shifted LEDs and modulators on InGaAsP quantum well platform

Exploiting a controllable technique for red and blue shifting of quantum well’s bandgap energy, we have fabricated LED sources accessing a wide frequency spectrum along with all-optical intensity modulator devices. . We demonstrate bandgap tuning of InGaAsP multiple quantum well structures by utilizing an impurity free vacancy diffusion technique. Substantial modification of the bandgap energy toward the red and blue part of the spectrum has been observed using SiO2 , SiOyNx , SiNx capping layers and by controlling the associated oxygen and nitrogen content. The resulting degree of tuning, up to 120nm red-shift and 140nm blue-shift of the band to band wavelength emission, has been studied using room temperature photoluminescence, in agreement with the emission spectra obtained from semiconductor LED devices fabricated on this platform. The intensity modulator devices has been fabricated along with LED sources compatible for the selected frequency, designed to reach minimum material losses and residual amplitude modulation.
A Low-Cost Method for Identifying TV Audiences

The high costs of television make it increasingly important that TV commercials appear on programs which reach the right prospects for the advertised products and for isolating program audiences in large numbers for subsequent analysis of characteristics. The authors believe that a method now exists. Their article describes a method to expand the sample, without expanding cost unduly, and without affecting reliability of data obtained. FFECTIVENESS of television advertising depends on many factors beside audience size. Increasingly, advertisers want to know whether their messages are reaching consumers who use (or could use) their products-they want to know about, age, sex, education, occupation, income, type of home, auto ownership, size of family, air conditioning, consumption of products by types (breakfast cereal, cosmetics, beverages, soap products, etc.), even specific brands within product categories.
Lowering morbidity in high Le Fort and pyramidal osteotomies with virtual treatment planning and intra-operative navigation

Background: The possible sequelae of maxillary osteotomies are numerous. High Le Fort and pyramidal osteotomies can be susceptible to nasolacrimal duct injury, hemorrhage and blindness. High Le Fort I osteotomy can usually be safely performed by techniques previously described if its osteotomy’s horizontal trajectory is parallel and below the inferior orbital nerve; while the execution of the Le Fort II osteotomy as described by can safely avoid iatrogenic trauma when the surgeon’s execution includes a medial orbital osteotomy. However, previous studies either record their findings fromhighLeFort osteotomies on apopulationof homogenous dry skulls; or describe a pyramidal osteotomy posterior to the lacrimal fossa necessitating medial orbital access. A novel solution to decrease morbidity of these maxillary osteotomies is to perform virtual treatment planning; verify the patients’ adjacent critical anatomy; and if needed, modified the osteotomies’ design, create cutting guides, and utilize intra-operative navigation. Methods: Three patients with severe maxillary hypoplasia (Binder’s syndrome, nonsyndromic dentofacial, and nonsyndromic cleft) underwent virtual treatment planning (MATERIALISE®, Leuven, Belgium) to analyze their anatomy. Intra-operative splints were fabricated by CAM-CAD for the first two “double-jaw” cases and all received rigid fixation (SYNTHES®, Zuchwil, Switzerland). The first patient’s complex osteotomies’ design (multi-piece Le Fort II) was aided with the help of cutting guides and trajectory’s was determined by intraoperative navigation (BrainLab®, Feldkirchen, Germany). The second and third patients underwent high-Le Fort I osteotomies. Results: None of the patients experienced visual acuity changes (20/20 uncorrected, 20/20 uncorrected, 20/20 uncorrected). The only the first patient had epiphora which resolved in one week. Intra-operative hemorrhage was individually less than 300mL for all cases. Conclusion: Nonstandard Le Fort maxillary osteotomies can be arduous techniques, but provide predictable down fractures and low morbidity if surgeons use virtual treatment planning and intra-operative navigation.
Heterogeneous samples in flow-injection systems

Abstract It is shown that the direct analysis of heterogeneous samples by non-steady state flow methods is associated with error because of undefined dilution and dispersion. This problem is examined theoretically and confirmed experimentally on determinations of pH and CO 2 in whole blood. It is also shown that microbubbles attached to the surface of a microelectrode or CHEMFET can substantially reduce the precision of the results.
Liquid plugs in rectangular channels under a transverse gravity field

In microfluidic systems, fuel cells, and various extraterrestrial systems, bubbles or liquid plugs may occlude or block the entire cross-section of a channel. Predicting the formation of these bubbles or liquid plugs is paramount to creating more reliable or efficient devices. To model this phenomenon, a liquid plug of finite volume is surrounded by an immiscible fluid in a horizontal rectangular prism within a transverse gravity field. The range of contact angles, vessel dimensions, and Bond numbers for a static liquid plug to exist are computed. A modified version of Concus-Finn analysis, which includes body forces, is also presented. When used in conjunction with the Surface Evolver software, highly accurate results can be obtained.
Immune thrombocytopenia due to a drug metabolite.

Abstract A patient who developed thrombocytopenia while taking analgesics was found to have circulating antibody to a metabolic product of N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (NAPA), but not to the drug itself. The antibody reacted in vitro with an antigen present in the blood of a normal volunteer who had ingested NAPA. The antigenic material was purified from the urine of this volunteer and shown to be the sulfate conjugate of the drug. These findings demonstrate that a drug metabolite may be antigenically active in drug-induced thrombocytopenia when the drug itself is immunologically inert, representing a form of drug-induced thrombocytopenia.
Successful Management of Ileal Conduit-Enteric Fistula: The Case Against Loopograms

AbstractThe second reported case of ileal conduit-enteric fistula successfully managed with long-tube decompression and intravenous hyperalimentation is presented. Loopograms are not indicated unless excretory urography is contraindicated or intraperitoneal leakage is suspected.
Scaffold-Based Cell Delivery for Cardiac Repair

Scaffold-based cell delivery is an innovative approach for the treatment of advanced heart disease. The ideal scaffold for cell delivery should be biodegradable and easy to delivery. The ideal scaffold should not require sutures or glue for adhesion and should bind cells and then release them into the damaged tissue in a controlled fashion. Several scaffolds have been developed to attempt to meet these expectations. Both natural and synthetic materials are being explored. Natural scaffolds are derived from tissues whereas synthetic scaffolds are derived from inanimate materials. Both approaches offer unique advantages for cell delivery. Preliminary results in animal models and human trials using scaffold-based cell delivery for the treatment of heart disease are promising. Practical implementation from scaffold manufacturing to cell loading and to delivery workflow considerations will be critical for wide adoption of this approach.
Handoff Research The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

Handoffs, or the transfer of patient care from one provider to another, are a complex task which can both contribute to and prevent medical errors. In this article, we review three topics that illu...
Astronomical Efforts of Sawai Jai Singh – A Review

Sawai Jai Singh, the statesman astronomer of 18th century India, designed instruments, built observatories, prepared Zīj, and sent a fact-finding scientific mission to Europe. His high-precision instruments were designed to measure time and angles with accuracies of ± 2 second, and ±1’ of arc respectively. The Ṣaṣṭhāmsa, a meridian dial with aperture, can still measure angles with precision of ± 1’ of arc. In the age of Newton and Flamsteed, Jai Singh and his associates remained medieval, in the tradition of Ulugh Beg, and did not initiate the new age of astronomy in the country. A complex interaction of poor communications, religious taboos, theological beliefs, national rivalries and plain simple human shortcomings are to be blamed for the failing.
Current patterns of care for patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer: Survey of US radiation oncologists on their recommendations regarding thoracic consolidation radiotherapy

Abstract Objectives Current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend thoracic consolidation radiation therapy (TCRT) for patients with Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC) with response to systemic chemotherapy, based on two randomized clinical trials, which varied in patient selection and radiation therapy doses administered. The current pattern of practice among US radiation oncologists is unknown. Materials and methods We have surveyed practicing US radiation oncologist via a short online questionnaire. Respondents’ characteristics and their self-rated knowledge base were analyzed for association with their treatment recommendations. Results We received 473 responses from practicing US radiation oncologists. Over half of respondents were practicing for over 10 years after completing residency training and 70% treated more than 10 lung cancer patients per year. 96% of respondents recommend TCRT for patients with ES-SCLC after systemic chemotherapy. Patient selection and radiation therapy doses vary greatly. High self-rated knowledge of individual clinical trials is associated with lower TCRT recommended doses. Patients treated at academic centers are less likely to receive TCRT than patients treated in private clinics (p = 0.0101). Conclusion Our analysis revealed that among the respondents, there was a very high adherence to current NCCN guidelines, which recommend TCRT for ES-SCLC patients with clinical response to systemic chemotherapy. The great variability in patient selection and radiation therapy doses is concerning and calls for future clinical trials to standardize treatment approaches and improve treatment outcomes among patients with ES-SCLC. Until such data exists and in light of poor long-term survival of patients with ES-SCLC, the shorter and less toxic regimen of 30 Gy in 10 fractions should be used as the standard of care and the more aggressive regimens studied on clinical protocols.
Mesenchymal stem cells from cortical bone demonstrate increased clonal incidence, potency, and developmental capacity compared to their bone marrow-derived counterparts

In this study, we show that matrix dense cortical bone is the more potent compartment of bone than bone marrow as a stromal source for mesenchymal stem cells as isolated from adult rats. Lineage-depleted cortical bone-mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated >150-fold enrichment of colony forming unit-fibroblasts per cell incidence. compared to lineage-depleted bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells, corresponding to a 70-fold increase in absolute recovered colony forming unit-fibroblasts. The composite phenotype Lin(-)/CD45(-)/CD31(-)/VLA-1(+)/Thy-1(+) enriched for clonogenic mesenchymal stem cells solely from cortical bone-derived cells from which 70% of clones spontaneously differentiated into all lineages of bone, cartilage, and adipose. Both populations generated vascularized bone tissue within subcutaneous implanted collagen scaffolds; however, cortical bone-derived cells formed significantly more osteoid than bone marrow counterparts, quantified by histology. The data demonstrate that our isolation protocol identifies and validates mesenchymal stem cells with superior clonal, proliferative, and developmental potential from cortical bone compared to the bone marrow niche although marrow persists as the typical source for mesenchymal stem cells both in the literature and current pre-clinical therapies.
Use of biological indicators of soil health to estimate reactive nitrogen dynamics in long-term organic vegetable and pasture systems

Abstract Diverse crop rotations, cover crops and the possibility of integrating livestock make organic systems potentially more sustainable than other agroecosystems. Lower reactive nitrogen (N) in organic systems minimizes the potential for N losses. However, addition of organic manures and residues containing mineralizable N and carbon (C) have the potential to enhance nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. We conducted a 39 d laboratory incubation to assess key microbiological drivers controlling nitrification and denitrification in long-term organic agroecosystems during simulated freeze-thaw cycles. Soils were collected from two annual organic vegetable systems receiving 1) mixed-compost, or 2) broiler litter and 3) an organic perennial pasture system cropped to vegetables every third year. Soil microcosms amended with 15 N labelled sugar beet residue or unamended were maintained at 40, 60 and 80% of water filled pore space (WFPS). Significant N 2 O was emitted (4287–6138 μg kg −1 soil) via denitrification from amended soil microcosms at 3 °C and 80% WFPS. Archaeal (AOA) and bacterial (AOB) nitrifier amoA gene copies were affected by temperature and reactive N species during freeze-thaws. Long-term organic vegetable cropping systems receiving mixed-compost additions had the potential to accumulate C and immobilize excess reactive soil N (particularly nitrates) thereby improving soil health and reducing N 2 O emissions.
Interactive personalized interesting pattern discovery

The traditional approach of mining frequent patterns generates a very large number of patterns of which a substantial fraction are not much interesting for many data analysis tasks. So selecting a small number of patterns from the large output set such that the selected patterns best align with a particular user's interest is an important task. Existing works on pattern summarization do not help, as these approaches solve interesting pattern discovery from a global perspective which is far from personalization what is needed to meet the pattern discovery demand of a specific user. In this work, we propose an interactive pattern discovery framework, which identifies a set of interesting patterns for a specific user without requiring any prior input on the interestingness measure of patterns from the user. We develop a gradient boosted regression tree based iterative learning algorithm that uses a limited number of interactive feedback from the user to learn her interestingness profile of the patterns, and use this profile for pattern recommendation. We show experimental results on several real-life datasets to validate the performance of the proposed method. We also compare with the existing methods of interactive pattern discovery to show that the performance of the proposed method is substantially superior to the existing methods.
Perception of and reactions to job insecurity: The buffering effect of secure attachment

ABSTRACTBy bridging attachment theory and cognitive appraisal theory, this study explored the moderating role of secure attachment in one’s perception of (i.e. primary appraisal) and reactions to (i.e. secondary appraisal) job insecurity. Study 1 used individual-level data collected from employees nested in 42 states in the US and state-level unemployment rate derived from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. I found that secure attachment attenuated the negative impact of state-level unemployment rate on individual job insecurity. In Study 2 with data collected at two time points, I found that secure attachment mitigated the negative, lagged outcome of job insecurity on job satisfaction (but not affective commitment). Taken together, I found that secure attachment enabled individuals to positively appraise state-level unemployment rate and constructively cope with job insecurity. Results of both studies converge to support the proposed buffering role of secure attachment in one’s perception of and reactions ...
A Nearly Interpolatory Algorithm for H∞ Identification with Mixed Time and Frequency Response Data

Abstract A novel algorithm is proposed for H ∞ identification with mixed time and frequency response data. This algorithm shares similar properties to the interpolatory algorithm and is nearly interpolatory. Meanwhile it greatly reduces the computational complexity of the interpolatory algorithm. Worst-case identification error bounds are also obtained for this nearly interpolatory algorithm. A numerical example is used to illustrate the proposed identification algorithm
Product market advertising, heterogeneous beliefs, and the long-run performance of initial public offerings

Abstract We study the long-run effects of product market advertising on the equity of firms conducting initial public offerings (IPOs). We find that firms going public with a greater extent of advertising prior to their IPOs are valued higher both in the IPO as well as in the immediate aftermarket, are associated with greater upward price revisions from the pre-IPO filing range means, and have smaller long-run post-IPO stock returns. The above results hold even after controlling for the effects of investor attention, as proxied by the pre-IPO media coverage received by firms going public. We show, using a number of additional tests, that the above findings are consistent with the implications of the heterogeneous beliefs theories of Miller (1977), Harrison and Kreps (1978), and Morris (1996), along with an assumption that product market advertising increases the heterogeneity in outside investor beliefs about firms going public.
Intelligence and Neurophysiological Markers of Error Monitoring Relate to Children's Intellectual Humility

This study explored developmental and individual differences in intellectual humility (IH) among 127 children ages 6-8. IH was operationalized as children's assessment of their knowledge and willingness to delegate scientific questions to experts. Children completed measures of IH, theory of mind, motivational framework, and intelligence, and neurophysiological measures indexing early (error-related negativity [ERN]) and later (error positivity [Pe]) error-monitoring processes related to cognitive control. Children's knowledge self-assessment correlated with question delegation, and older children showed greater IH than younger children. Greater IH was associated with higher intelligence but not with social cognition or motivational framework. ERN related to self-assessment, whereas Pe related to question delegation. Thus, children show separable epistemic and social components of IH that may differentially contribute to metacognition and learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract 18941: Association of Urinary Sodium and Adverse Cardiac Mechanics: Findings From the HyperGEN Study

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated a J-shaped relationship between sodium intake, estimated by urinary sodium (UNa), and adverse cardiovascular events. Indices of cardiac mechanics are me...
Preschoolers’ autobiographical memory specificity relates to their emotional adjustment

ABSTRACTReduced autobiographical memory specificity (AMS) has robust associations with psychopathology. As such, understanding the development of AMS (or its inverse, overgeneral autobiographical memory) and how it may be unique from other aspects of memory performance is important. In particular, it is unclear whether child AMS is distinct from autobiographical memory performance in other contexts, such as during mother–child reminiscing, and whether reduced AMS during early childhood is associated with emotional adjustment as found later in development. In this study, associations between children’s AMS and memory performance during mother–child reminiscing were evaluated. Moreover, the contributions of each type of child memory performance to child internalizing and externalizing symptoms were examined. Participants included 95 mother–child dyads drawn from a diverse, low-income community. Children’s ages ranged from 3.5 years to 6 years. Dyads participated in a joint reminiscing task about 4 past even...
Onset of Oscillatory and Stationary Double-Diffusive Convection Within a Tilted Porous Enclosure

The present chapter is devoted to a numerical analysis of double-diffusive convection in porous media. A large cross section of fundamental research on double-diffusive convection has been reviewed by Nield and Bejan [5]. Numerical simulation of convective flows within porous media has considerably improved during the last three decades. Clearly, this is mainly due to the improvement in numerical techniques and high speed computers with large memory. In thermofluid or thermosolutal convection, the heat and/or mass transfer are driven by the buoyancy forces. Therefore, the transport equations that model the flows are strongly coupled to each other. The solution is thus usually obtained by simultaneously solving the governing equations. During the last three decades, the thermophysicists have used different methods and techniques to solve the coupled equations at different levels of complexity assuming certain approximations. The most common methods used in thermofluid are, to name but a few, the well known finite-difference method, the finite volume, the finite element, the spectral and the boundary element methods.
Particle Analyzer Diagnostics for Intense Particle Beam Measurements

One of the most important measurements that can be performed on an intense high-current density ion beam is a direct measurement of the beam’s time-resolved energy spectrum. This measurement allows a direct determination of the current density, power density, current, and voltage of the beam as a function of time. These quantities are all of obvious importance in characterizing any intense beam. In addition, a comparison of a direct measurement of an ion energy spectrum, with the ion energy distribution, inferred from a line voltage monitor allows a study of A-K gap energy loss mechanisms and the effects of any A-K gap neutral gas on diode performance.
Prospective studies of adverse events related to antidepressant discontinuation

The value of a prospective assessment of discontinuation-emergent symptoms proximal to the termination of antidepressant treatment cannot be overstated. Though varying in frequency and intensity, nearly all classes of antidepressants have been linked with discontinuation reactions and the associated psychological, physical, and somatic discomfort. Spontaneous reports have been typically used to gauge the risks of discontinuation reactions. Judging from a number of prospective studies, spontaneous reports very likely underestimate the occurrence of discontinuation reactions. This probability suggests that systematic inquiry must urgently become a part of the assessment in antidepressant discontinuation studies. Insight into the number and type of events that may occur following antidepressant discontinuation may be gleaned from instruments such as the Discontinuation-Emergent Signs and Symptoms Scale. This article takes a comprehensive view of a number of studies dealing with discontinuation-related adverse events. It discusses key issues in the analysis of incidence rates of antidepressant discontinuation-emergent adverse events such as the obvious bias of both clinicians' and patients' being aware of the treatment discontinuation. This article also looks at early prospective studies of antidepressant discontinuation reactions based on spontaneous reports and discusses, while making the case for, prospective studies based on systematic inquiry.
Conduct Problems in Youth: Phenomenology, Classification, and Epidemiology

Youth with conduct problems comprise a heterogeneous group of children and adolescents who engage in a broad array of problem behaviors ranging from defiance, argumentativeness, and temper outbursts to physical aggression, destructiveness, and stealing. Taken together, these problem behaviors continue to be the most frequent basis for child and adolescent referrals to mental health clinics and residential treatment facilities and are of great concern because of the high degree of impairment associated with them, their potential for persistence over time, and their association with negative life outcomes (Cohen et al., 1993; Lahey, Loeber, Quay, Frick, & Grimm, 1997; Loeber et al., 2000). Indeed, youth with clinically significant levels of oppositional and conduct problems often face a wide range of individual, family, and community-wide difficulties including interpersonal conflicts, violent behavior, delinquent acts, out-of-home placements, and involvement with the juvenile justice system. They are also estimated to be the most costly of all mental health problems in the United States (Cohen, 1998).
Status of the Lambda Lattice Scale for the SU(3) Wilson gauge action

With the emergence of the Yang-Mills gradient flow technique there is renewed interest in the issue of scale setting in lattice gauge theory. Here I compare for the SU(3) Wilson gauge action non-perturbative scale functions of Edwards, Heller and Klassen (EHK), Necco and Sommer (NS), both relying on Sommer's method using the quark potential, and the scale function derived by Bazavov, Berg and Velytsky (BBV) from a deconfining phase transition investigation by the Bielefeld group. It turns out that the scale functions are based on mutually inconsistent data, though the BBV scale function is consistent with the EHK data when their low $\beta$ ($\beta=5.6$) data point is removed. Besides, only the BBV scale function is consistent with three data points calculated from the gradient flow by L\"uscher. In the range for which data exist the discrepancies between the scale functions are only up to $\pm 2$\% of their values, but clearly visible within the statistical accuracy.
Power changes, alliance credibility, and extended deterrence:

A primary motivation for forming military alliances is to deter adversaries. However, some alliances are more effective at deterrence than others. Deterrence theory suggests that an alliance may fa...
Riding Instincts, Even to Die

ABSTRACTThis paper develops the concept of riding instincts, even to die through a queer reading of Winnicott’s “Primary Maternal Preoccupation.” Primary preoccupation narrates the ongoing establis...
Use of Levosimendan in Acute and Advanced Heart Failure: Short Review on Available Real-World Data

Published data have shown potential advantages of levosimendan in the management of acute decompensated heart failure and advanced heart failure when standard medical therapies threaten hemodynamics and organ perfusion are unable to alleviate clinical symptoms. Levosimendan distinguishes itself from other catecholaminergic inotropes by its three mechanisms of action: positive inotropy, vasodilation, and cardioprotection. In addition, its pharmacokinetics allow for a longer duration of action from the metabolite OR1896 allowing for further cardiovascular therapeutic effects for several days, even after discontinuation of the parent drug.
Spurious Mode Free Hexagonal PMUT Array

This paper presents a hexagonal piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) array that can avoid spurious modes known to occur by mode coupling with adjacent elements. By designing an optimal hexagonal PMUT array with 10 µm spacing resulting in high fill-factor, we were able to experimentally demonstrate well-matched spurious mode free resonances operating around 10 MHz. Furthermore, the effects of the center PMUT in arrays were investigated through various array designs based on finite element method (FEM) simulations and experimental measurements.
Review: Designs of Destruction: The Making of Monuments in the Twentieth Century, by Lucia Allais

Lucia Allais Designs of Destruction: The Making of Monuments in the Twentieth Century Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2018, 347 pp., 8 color and 123 b/w illus. $45 (cloth), ISBN 9780226286556 In Designs of Destruction: The Making of Monuments in the Twentieth Century , Lucia Allais delves into the four tumultuous decades that preceded the signing of the World Heritage Convention in 1972. She uncovers the work of the many agents—from bureaucrats and intellectuals to lawyers and architects—who mobilized to engineer the survival of architectural monuments, setting the foundations for “the remarkable return of the monument to the world stage” (2). Allais explores how the opportunity to act architecturally was recognized and integrated into global governance during this period, when “state-sponsored and/or internationally-sanctioned techniques and practices of construction and destruction … fueled monuments' survival” (8). She situates these techniques at the fault line between modernism and historicism, and this is one of the book's greatest contributions. Focusing on a period when modern architecture achieved unparalleled international success, Allais questions the division of the twentieth century into pre- and postwar, and pro- and antimodern, locating modernists and preservationists “in a spectrum of engagements with a broad endangerment sensibility” (8). In her introduction, Allais provides a general theoretical framework for her research, situating it in relation to the relevant literature on heritage, preservation, modern architecture, and global contemporary history. Although she focuses primarily on the mid-twentieth century, she begins by emphasizing the relevance of some of her findings to recent events, such as U.S. president Barack Obama's state visit to Senegal's Maison des Esclaves in 2013 and the political use of the ruins of Palmyra by different parties during the ongoing Syrian civil war. Allais then summarizes each of the book's five chapters, which recount five episodes “when the survival …
Generation of perversions in fibers with intrinsic curvature

Abstract If a fiber is stretched, abraded on one side, and then gradually relaxed, it will deform into a helix. If the two ends are restrained from rotating during the relaxation, it will form two helical segments of opposite chirality separated by a perversion. Here we investigate the properties of the perversion using a finite-element solution, and show that an excellent approximation to both the shape and the associated strain energy can be obtained using a simple Rayleigh-Ritz approximation. The perversion deviates from the adjacent helices only in a relatively small region, which suggests the possibility of approximating more complex geometries by treating perversions as point defects. Energetically, perversions are predicted only when they are ‘geometrically necessary’ because of the end restraint against rotation, but this energy differential is small when the fiber is almost straight and additional perversions can be generated by small perturbations. Some of these may approach and annihilate each other in pairs as the fiber is relaxed, but in other cases the additional perversions persist during unloading, despite the increased energy differential.
Nanoparticle Design Rules for Colorimetric Plasmonic Sensors

Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors are used in a broad range of detection applications across the chemical, biological, environmental, and medical disciplines. These types of sensor...
Topography of nearside mare graben: Implications for dike-induced or passive extension formation

Abstract Graben are a common tectonic landform associated with lunar mare. These graben are hypothesized to have formed either due to subsidence induced flexure resulting from loading of the lithosphere by mare basalt (mascon tectonics) or by dikes related to intrusive volcanism. High-resolution topography derived from data from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and SELenological and Engineering Explorer (SELENE) allow for the detailed analysis of flat-floored mare-radial and mare-concentric graben. Modeling of graben formation from dike-induced dilation predicts rises on graben flanks that decay in relief with distance from the central trough. Graben formation from passive extensional stresses are not expected to produce discernable flank rises. We take a systematic approach to assessing morphology of flat-floored graben in mascon and non-mascon mare settings. Modeling of dilation effects due to intrusion of dikes of realistic dimension and depth indicate that the predicted relief of flank rises are at or below the limits of detection using best available topography. However, it is concluded that the lack of evidence of flank rises indicates nearside graben formed by passive extension. The presence of graben in both mascon (e.g., Mare Humorum) and non-mascon settings (e.g., Oceanus Procellarum) suggests that flexure and extension are strongly influenced by the local thickness and/or strength of the mechanical lithosphere.
The Role of Stereotactic Biopsy in Brain Metastases

Brain metastases (BrM) affect up to 20% of patients with cancer and represent an increasing portion of patients with surgical brain tumors owing to improving prognoses of cancer patients in general and in many cases even of those with brain metastases. With advances in molecular biology and targeted therapy, the indications for neurosurgical sampling and specifically stereotactic biopsy are likely to change in the future. In this review the authors address some of the scientific advances in BrM biology, the clinical rationale and range of techniques currently used to perform stereotactic biopsy, and how the advent of molecular interrogation may potentially alter the way patients with BrM are managed in the future.