cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
4CPS-369 PharmaCheck as a screening tool to intercept high risk situations in internal medicine that could lead to adverse drug events

Background and importance In the internal medicine department of our hospital, medication review provided by pharmacists during medical rounds is offered to only a fraction of the 200 inpatients, due to limited resources. In order to detect high risk situations potentially leading to adverse drug events, we developed PharmaCheck, an electronic tool that screens all patient electronic health records (EHR) in real time, by aggregating drug prescriptions, laboratory values, vital signs and medical problems. Aim and objectives To determine the impact of PharmaCheck in the identification of high risk situations and on the clinical pharmacist’s interventions. Material and methods PharmaCheck was set to screen 20 situations distributed into four risk classes: a drug prescription with an abnormal laboratory value, a contraindication, a drug–drug interaction (DDI) and an inadequate administration mode. For 150 days (February to August 2020), PharmaCheck performed a daily screen of patients’ EHR, admitted to the internal medicine department. As soon as an alert was triggered, the clinical pharmacist analysed the patient’s clinical context to suggest a treatment adjustment when needed. An observational prospective study was performed to assess the distribution of each risk class, the predictive positive value of each alert (PPV: proportion of situations associated with an intervention) as well as the acceptance rate by the prescribers. Results 430 alerts were triggered for 387 patients (3.3±1.9 alerts/day) with a global PPVof 19.3% (n=83/430). Regarding risk classes, PPVs were 25.6% (n=58/226) for abnormal laboratory value, 3.10% (4/127) for contraindications, 28.2% (20/71) for DDIs and 16.7% (1/6) for inadequate administration mode. The approval rate of treatment adjustment suggestions was 71.1% (n=59/83); rejections were related to an acceptable risk–benefit balance (n=20) or an unknown cause (n=4). Conclusion and relevance PharmaCheck identified a significant number of high risk situations. By contextualising these alerts the clinical pharmacist selected the most relevant ones to suggest treatment adjustment, mostly accepted by physicians. Beyond the clinical context, the relevance of alerts depends on the informative quality of the triggering elements, explaining a low PPV for some risk classes (eg, contraindication, depending on unstructured textual medical problems). PharmaCheck expands the coverage of the clinical pharmacist for selected situations and we plan to transpose this strategy to other, more fragile, patient populations (eg, geriatrics, paediatrics, oncology). References and/or acknowledgements Conflict of interest No conflict of interest
A fundamental derivation of two Boris solvers and the Ge-Marsden theorem

For a separable Hamiltonian, there are two fundamental, time-symmetric, second-order velocity-Verlet (VV) and position-Verlet (PV) symplectic integrators. Similarly, there are two VV and PV version of exact energy conserving algorithms for solving magnetic field trajectories. For a constant magnetic field, both algorithms can be further modified so that their trajectories are exactly on the gyro-circle. The magnetic PV integrator then becomes the well known Boris solver, while VV yields a second, previously unknown, Boris-type algorithm. Remarkably, the required on-orbit modification is a reparametrization of the time step, reminiscent of the Ge-Marsden theorem.
Potassium fluoride and carbonate lead to immediate cell failure in potassium-ion batteries

While Li-ion is the prevailing commercial battery chemistry, development of batteries using earth abundant alkali metals (e.g., Na and K) alleviates reliance on Li with potentially cheaper technologies. While electrolyte engineering has been a major thrust of Li-ion battery (LIB) research, it is unclear if the same electrolyte design principles apply to K-ion batteries (KIBs). Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is a well-known additive used in Li-ion electrolytes, because the products of its sacrificial decomposition aid in forming a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anode surface. Here, we show that FEC addition to KIBs containing hard carbon anodes results in a dramatic decrease in capacity and cell failure in only two cycles, whereas capacity retention remains high (> 90% over 80 cycles at C/10 for both KPF6 and KFSI) for electrolytes that do not contain FEC. Using a combination of 19F solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), we show that FEC decomposes during galvanostatic cycling to form insoluble KF and K2CO3 on the anode surface, which correlate with increased interfacial resistance. Our results strongly suggest KIB performance is sensitive to accumulation of an inorganic SEI, likely due to sluggish K diffusion in these compounds. This mechanism of FEC decomposition was confirmed in two separate electrolyte formulations using KPF6 or KFSI. Interestingly, the salt anions do not decompose themselves, unlike their Li analogues. Insight from these results indicates that electrolyte decomposition pathways and favorable SEI components are significantly different in KIBs and LIBs, suggesting that entirely new approaches to KIB electrolyte engineering are needed.
An Analysis of Activity Theory with Creative Inquiry Movements in an Innovative Technology Classroom

This chapter of the book searches the literature for instances of technologically enhanced educational environments that have used Activity Theory (AT) as a qualitative guideline to determine educational outcomes. A similar literature evaluation for technology-enhanced classrooms that employed Creative Inquiry (CI) movements as a guideline for educational data collecting is included in the essay. Because AT and CI employ tactics such as pivotal questioning and cooperative systems, the debate begins with a description of distributed cognition.With a conclusion that highlights the similarities and contrasts of the two approaches, case examples of effective usage of AT and CI in technology-rich classrooms are offered.
Benchmarking a Robot Hand's Ability to Translate Objects Using Two Fingers

This paper presents a novel benchmark called the Asterisk Test that characterizes a hand's fingers' ability to translate an object on a table in eight linear directions, without moving the wrist, in a controller, object, and hand agnostic manner. The benchmark also enables a measure of the symmetry~(about the plane's principal axes) of the hand's ability to maneuver objects. The Asterisk Test's utility is demonstrated on two generic robot hand designs: a parallel jaw gripper and a two-linked, two fingered gripper. The method to analyze the test data in order to evaluate the hand is also provided. We conclude with a comparison of this benchmark to previous dexterity measures, such as manipulability. We also discuss how improved performance in this benchmark is indicative of simpler hand control.
Relation of Personal Success in Intercollegiate Athletics to Certain Aspects of Personal Adjustment

Abstract The investigation studied differences in personal adjustment between 59 athletes who won letters in varsity sports and 59 athletes who did not win letters; both groups had participated successfully in high school and college Freshman sports. The data were obtained from record research and interviews. Letter winners were taller and heavier at matriculation and had a history of less serious injuries. Letter winners participated in fewer college activities but expressed greater satisfaction with their college careers. No differences in scholastic achievement were found when aptitude was controlled. Letter winners sustained more injuries during their college careers than non-winners.
Uniformity, Choice of Law, and Software Sales

This article examines the ongoing controversy over the Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA) which has been adopted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (NCCUSL). The Act emerged after opposition to a new Article 2B of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC 2B) led to the withdrawal of the American Law Institute from its joint project with NCCUSL. This article argues that the debate over particular terms focuses on the wrong issues and may ultimately be of little consequence. The important issues concern the forces of jurisdictional competition and the role of choice of law. We argue that the law should facilitate the parties' ability to choose the governing law rather than being forced to accept a single uniform law that emerges from an imperfect political process. Moreover, whatever NCCUSL or the ALI decide to do, jurisdictional competition is likely to play an important role in shaping the law. States interested in attracting and retaining information technology companies can pass statutes that favor freedom of contract and enforcement of computer software licenses. If adoption of a single standard proves to be desirable, firms will tend to move toward this standard even if state laws differ and the "uniform" law is adopted in only a few states.
Homotopy of Non-Modular Partitions and the Whitehouse Module

We present a class of subposets of the partition lattice Πn with the following property: The order complex is homotopy equivalent to the order complex of Πn − 1, and the Sn-module structure of the homology coincides with a recently discovered lifting of the Sn − 1-action on the homology of Πn − 1. This is the Whitehouse representation on Robinson‘s space of fully-grown trees, and has also appeared in work of Getzler and Kapranov, Mathieu, Hanlon and Stanley, and Babson et al. One example is the subposet Pnn − 1 of the lattice of set partitions Πn, obtained by removing all elements with a unique nontrivial block. More generally, for 2 ≤ k ≤ n − 1, let Qnk denote the subposet of the partition lattice Πn obtained by removing all elements with a unique nontrivial block of size equal to k, and let Pnk e \bigcapi e 2k Qni. We show that Pnk is Cohen-Macaulay, and that Pnk and Qnk are both homotopy equivalent to a wedge of spheres of dimension (n − 4), with Betti number (n − 1) \!{n - k\over k}. The posets Qnk are neither shellable nor Cohen-Macaulay. We show that the Sn-module structure of the homology generalises the Whitehouse module in a simple way. We also present a short proof of the well-known result that rank-selection in a poset preserves the Cohen-Macaulay property.
Plant species of traditional Mayan homegardens of Mexico as analogs for multistrata agroforests

The shortened fallow period in traditional slash and burn agriculture of the Maya of Quintana Roo, Mexico, has reduced soil fertility, crop yields, biodiversity, and mature forest vegetation. Studies have shown that agroforests that mimic local ecosystem processes can be used to provide for the farmers' well-being while protecting and preserving forest resources and biodiversity. The objective of this investigation was to identify, describe, and evaluate Mayan crop plants that could be used as analog species in agroforest design. We used participant observation, interviews with farmers, and field measurements to collect information on the social, agricultural, and ecological aspects of the plants. We identified five horizontal and one vertical strata in mature homegardens: the herbaceous stratum, the low shrub stratum, the tall shrub stratum, the fruit tree stratum, the timber tree stratum, and the viny stratum. We categorized 77 forbes, shrubs, and vines identified for their temporal and spatial placement in an agroforest. The plants evaluated can be placed in one of the four developmental stages of an agroforest: the herbaceous stage, and the shrub stage, the fruit tree stage, and the timber tree stage. By using the identified plants and the analog hypothesis, we can design an agroecological system that provides for the farmers' needs, and efficiently utilizes the resources on-site for the production of food, timber, medicinal plants, and nontimber products in a manner that protects the natural resource base of the region.
3. Low Fluence Laser Desorption and Plume Formation from Wide Bandgap Crystalline Materials

Publisher Summary This chapter presents a study on low fluence laser desorption and plume formation from wide bandgap crystalline materials. It presents an analysis of the interaction of photo-emitted and thermally emitted particles from exposure to pulsed laser irradiation of surfaces of wide bandgap ionic crystals. At sub-bandgap photon energies, these emissions include photoelectrons, energetic positive ions, and neutral metal atoms. The chapter discusses experimentally that significant portions of the distributions of these particles overlap in space and time in the near-surface region. It also presents a model of the collective motion of these particles and shows that as laser fluence is increased, sufficient densities overlap and kinetic energies are achieved to result in plume formation. The features examined in the chapter include the excitation of neutral atoms to generate plume fluorescence and eventual atomic ionization at fluences far below any inverse bremsstrahlung or catastrophic breakdown process. Over a range of fluences below breakdown, a wide range of particle emission phenomena are observed. The chapter provides a description of photodesorption, which is a relatively gentle process, removing sub-monolayer quantities of material/laser pulse. The processes can fall into nonthermal (for example, photoelectronic) and thermal categories. For semiconductors and insulators, the incident light may be sub-bandgap or may involve single-photon band-to-band transitions, depending on the laser photon energy relative to E g .
A novel approach for detecting viable and tissue-specific circulating tumor cells through an adenovirus-based reporter vector

BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) hold great promise as biomarkers and are a direct source of tumor cells through a simple blood draw. However, CTCs are rare and their detection requires sensitive and specific methods to overcome the overwhelming hematocyte population. Therefore, CTC detection remains technically challenging. METHODS An assay was developed for detecting viable and tissue-specific CTCs using a tropism-enhanced and conditionally replicating reporter adenovirus (CTC-RV). Adenoviral replication was made prostate-specific by placing the E1A gene under the control of the probasin promoter and prostate-specific antigen enhancer (PSE-PBN). Viral tropism was expanded through capsid-displayed integrin targeting peptides. A secreted reporter, humanized Metridia Luciferase (hMLuc), was engineered for expression during the major late phase of viral replication. The assay involves red blood cell lysis, cell collection, viral infection, and subsequent quantification of reporter activity from cellular media. Assay and reporter stability, cell specificity and sensitivity were evaluated in cell dilution models in human blood. RESULTS A conditionally replicating prostate-selective adenovirus reporter and CTC assay system were generated. The secreted reporter, MLuc, was found to be stable for at least 3 days under assay conditions. CTC detection, modeled by cell dilution in blood, was selective for androgen receptor positive prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Serial dilution demonstrated assay linearity and sensitivity to as few as three cells. Prostate cancer cell viability declined after several hours in anticoagulated blood at ambient temperatures. CONCLUSIONS Conditionally replicative adenoviral vectors and secreted reporters offer a functional method to detect viable CTCs with cell specificity and high sensitivity. Prostate 74: 1286–1296, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distinct Domains of Myocyte Enhancer Binding Factor-2A Determining Nuclear Localization and Cell Type-specific Transcriptional Activity

The myocyte enhancer binding factor 2 (MEF2) family of transcription factors plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression in multiple muscle cell types. Four mef2 genes (A, B, C, and D) have been identified in vertebrates. They share the conserved N-terminal MCM1-agamous-deficiens-serum response factor and MEF2 domains that determine DNA binding and dimerization functions. In this study, we have identified human MEF2A domains that control its nuclear localization and transcriptional activation function. Studies of subcellular localization of various truncated MEF2A proteins expressed in HeLa cells demonstrated that MEF2A contains a nuclear localization signal located at its C terminus within the peptide encompassing amino acids (aa) 472-507. Examination of MEF2A mutants with sequential C-terminal deletions indicates that the region encompassing aa 321-472 is essential for transcriptional activity. Analysis of the transcriptional activity of fusion proteins consisting of different domains of MEF2A fused to the DNA binding domain of yeast transcription factor GAL4 revealed a major transcriptional activation domain located between aa 274 and 373. Further studies demonstrated that this domain contains positive and negative regulatory subdomains that cooperate with one another to regulate the transcriptional activity of MEF2A in a cell-type discriminatory manner.
The Sands of Dyarlgaroo

1. CONCEPTION We don't like to ask, but I'd guess it was in the house bought for the purpose. Bateman Road, just up from Bateman's Farm?a colonising place. A bike-ride from the paperbarks, the thin white riverbeach, the grey jetties, seagulls cormorants pelicans. Sharks were seen that far up. Sharks in the Canning, as I first heard it named?in the womb, listening. Speedboats would come and introduce me to irony, the violence of the outdoors, waves wearing away at the river's walls. The city starting to close in around, the plentiful made sparse? river prawns netted at night, lights singing tanned waters, then gone. There were masses of blue manna crabs and mulloway and the river thronged with fertility. I was conceived with limestone foundations between flesh and black sand. Edging to grey, white by the river's edge lit up by the close moon. When the seed bit the egg and I cried out. The river's business. It's the river we ask.
Recent advances in semiconductor lasers

The threshold current for GaAs Diode lasers has been reduced at the higher temperatures and has led to higher external quantum efficiencies at these temperatures. Using new materials, laser action has been extended further in the infrared and has reached the 8-14-\mu atmospheric window. Diode lasers in which the laser action occurs in the bulk of the semiconductor are reported. Semiconductor lasers have been pumped with an electron beam.
Histocompatibility differences and cardiac transplant tolerance produced by intrathymic pretreatment

Control of cardiac transplant rejection without toxic immunosuppressive drugs remains an unreached goal. Our laboratory and others have shown that intrathymic inoculation of donor-specific allogeneic spleen cells can produce tolerance to a subsequent cardiac allograft. The present experiments were designed to investigate whether the degree of donor-recipient histoincompatibility influenced the efficacy of this technique. Four congeneic strains of rats with different degrees of histoincompatibility were studied. Heterotopic cardiac transplantation was done with the following congeneic strain combinations: DA donor into PVG recipient (full major histocompatibility complex and nonmajor histocompatibility complex incompatibility); PVG.RT1a donor into PVG recipient (full major histocompatibility complex incompatibility); PVG.RT1a donor into PVG.R1 recipient (partial major histocompatibility complex incompatibility). Prospective graft recipients underwent intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml antilymphocyte serum and intrathymic injection of 5 × 107 prospective donor spleen cells. Three weeks later, heterotopic cardiac transplantation was done with a heart from a donor of the same strain as that used to obtain splenocytes for intrathymic injection. Prolongation of graft survival was observed in pretreated recipients in all strain combinations but was greatest in recipients that differed from donors at fewer histocompatibility loci. Complete graft tolerance was not seen in strain combinations that included nonmajor histocompatibility complex incompatibilities. DA heart survival in PVG recipients was 50.6 days (p
Fast minimization of mixed-polarity AND/XOR canonical networks

A quasi-minimal algorithm for canonical restricted mixed polarity (CRMP) AND/XOR forms is presented. These forms, which include the consistent and inconsistent generalized Reed-Muller (GRM) forms, are both very easily testable and, on average, have smaller numbers of terms than sum-of-product (SOP) expressions. The set of test vectors for detecting stuck-at and bridging faults of a function realized in CRMP forms, like that of consistent (GRM) forms, is independent of the function. This test can be of order (n+4)r, where n is the number of variables in the function and r is the number of component consistent GRMs in the CRMP. The experimental results confirm the compactness of CRMPs as compared to SOP expressions. >
Repeal of the Medicare Sustainable Growth Rate: Direct and Indirect Consequences.

The Sustainable Growth Rate was replaced in 2015 by the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act, which introduced fixed annual physician fee updates and a merit-based incentive payment system.
Increases in acid proteinase activity during epidermal wound healing

Incised wounds were made on the backs of young guinea pigs at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 10 day intervals. Hemoglobin-hydrolizing acid proteinase activity was measured fluorometrically under optimal assay conditions by means of microanalytical methods. Acid proteinase activity was increased two to three times normal during epithelial migration and maturation during wound healing: no gradient of enzyme activity was found from the wound margin to the tip of the migrating epithelium. The results suggest that acid proteinase promotes epithelial migration by proteolytic action on serum protein and fibrin in wounds. It is also suggested that acid proteinase is required during epithelial maturation and differentiation.
Towards Self-Assisted Troubleshooting for the Deployment of Private Clouds

Acquiring a private computing cloud is the first step that an enterprise would choose to enable the cloud model and get its considerable benefits while keeping the control within the enterprise. The enterprise level applications that provide the infrastructure enabling cloud computing services are typically built by integrating inter-related complex software components. Critical challenges of these applications are the increasing level of inter-component dependencies and the customized growth, which make recurrent deployment of such applications, as the one required in private clouds, labor intensive and error prone. In this paper we investigate the type of issues faced when deploying a cloud computing management infrastructure and propose a solution to self-assist the deployment. We show how by leveraging virtual image technologies we can detect faulty installations and their signatures early in the deployment process. We also propose a methodology to capture in a shared repository and update these signatures for reuse in subsequent deployments in the form of two level signature patterns. We explore the perspective of our solution and criteria of analysis.
Temperature induced shape transition: prolate noncollective to oblate noncolective

Abstract The spin-dependent shape transition temperature T c2 ( I ) is calculated for the first time. At this temperature there is a transition from a prolate noncollective equilibrium phase ( T T c2 ) to an oblate noncollective equilibrium phase ( T > T c2 ). This shape transition line has a tricritical point at I c = 40 for 188 Os and at I c = 50 for 196 Pt. The transition is second-order for spins below I c , and first-order for spins above I c . Statistical shape fluctuations do not obscure the shape transition at T c2 . At the temperature T c1 ( I ), where T c1 T c2 , 188 Os and 196 Pt have a transition from an oblate (or triaxial) collective equilibrium phase ( T T c1 ) to the prolate noncollective equilibrium phase ( T > T c1 ). For 196 Pt T c1 ( I ) and T c2 ( I ) meet at I = 53, where the prolate noncollective phase ends.
Quantifying forest canopy traits: Imaging spectroscopy versus field survey

Abstract Spatial and temporal information on plant functional traits are lacking in ecology, which limits our understanding of how plant communities and ecosystems are changing. This problem is acute in remote tropical regions, where information on plant functional traits is difficult to ascertain. We used Carnegie Airborne Observatory visible-to-shortwave infrared (VSWIR) imaging spectroscopy with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to assess the foliar traits of Amazonian and Andean tropical forest canopies. We calibrated and validated the retrieval of 15 canopy foliar chemicals and leaf mass per area (LMA) across a network of 79 1-hectare field plots using a new VSWIR-LiDAR fusion approach designed to accommodate the enormous scale mismatch between field and remote sensing studies. The results indicate that sparse and highly variable field sampling can be integrated with VSWIR-LiDAR data to yield demonstrably accurate estimates of canopy foliar chemical traits. This new airborne approach addresses the inherent limitations and sampling biases associated with field-based studies of forest functional traits, particularly in structurally and floristically complex tropical canopies.
How social movement organizations explicitly and implicitly promote deviant behavior: The case of the militia movement

The literature on social movements and deviance has failed to recognize that social movement organizations also promote deviance in society. This oversight stems from a tendency in the dominant paradigm of social movement theory to normalize the activities of these movements by equating their activities with political behavior. Focusing on the modern militia movement, we discuss the explicit and implicit paths through which movements promote deviance and/or criminal behavior. Noting that the movement has both a “defensive” and an “offensive” wing, we find that they promote deviance both through their ideology, which legitimizes deviance, and through their organizational structures, which are unable to control either the actions of those who are part of the movement or the flow of movement-generated information.
Strategic Demands, Credible Threats, and Economic Coercion Outcomes

The crisis bargaining literature sees demands as endogenous to crises. However, despite the parallels between military and economic coercion, sanctions researchers have preferred to analyze economic coercion after demands have been issued, and have not explored sufficiently the possibility that when senders formulate their policy objectives, they consider the international constraints imposed by the capabilities and interests of target states. I complement the sanctions literature by deriving the implications of strategic goal formulation in a game theoretic model of economic coercion that assumes endogenous demands. The model explains the inconsistent empirical relationship between sanctions costs and outcomes as well as the paradoxical tendency of senders to select into difficult disputes. I find that threats are not always more effective than sanctions and suggest what an optimal sanctions policy might look like.
Tetramethylcyclobutadienecobalt(I) complexes containing pyrazolate or tetrazolate ligands with various coordination modes

Abstract Treatment of Cb ∗ Co(CO) 2 I (Cb ∗ = η 4 -C 4 Me 4 ) with one equivalent of potassium 3,5-dimethylpyrazolate (Me 2 pzK) or potassium 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolate ((CF 3 ) 2 pzK) in tetrahydrofuran at 0 °C afforded (η 4 -C 4 Me 4 (Me 2 pz))Co(CO) 2 and Cb ∗ Co((CF 3 ) 2 pz)(CO) 2 in 90 and 71% yields, respectively. Treatment of Cb ∗ Co(CO) 2 I with one equivalent of Me 2 pzH followed by the addition of one equivalent Me 2 pzK in tetrahydrofuran afforded Cb ∗ Co(Me 2 pzH)(Me 2 pz)(CO) in 74% yield. The reaction of Cb ∗ Co(CO) 2 I with one equivalent of potassium phenyl tetrazolate (PhtetzK) in tetrahydrofuran at 0 °C afforded [Cb ∗ Co(Phtetz)(CO)] 2 in 44% yield. The solid state structure of (η 4 -C 4 Me 4 (Me 2 pz))Co(CO) 2 revealed nucleophilic addition of a pyrazolate nitrogen atom to a Cb ∗ ligand carbon atom to afford a novel tetradentate ligand that bonds to the cobalt ion through an η 3 -π-allyl interaction and one pyrazolyl nitrogen atom. Two carbonyl ligands are also present. An X-ray crystal structure determination of Cb ∗ Co((CF 3 ) 2 pz)(CO) 2 showed η 1 -coordination of the (CF 3 ) 2 pz ligand and η 4 -coordination of the Cb ∗ ligand. The solid state structure of Cb ∗ Co(Me 2 pz)(Me 2 pzH)(CO) is monomeric with one η 1 -Me 2 pz, one η 1 -Me 2 pzH, two carbonyl, and one η 4 -Cb ∗ ligands. The η 1 -Me 2 pz and η 1 -Me 2 pzH ligands are linked by a hydrogen bond involving the uncoordinated nitrogen atoms. The X-ray crystal structure determination of [Cb ∗ Co(Phtetz)(CO)] 2 showed a dimeric molecular structure with two μ:η 1 ,η 1 -Phtetz ligands connected to the cobalt ions through the 2- and 3-nitrogen atoms, one η 4 -Cb ∗ ligand, and one carbonyl ligand per cobalt center. (η 4 -C 4 Me 4 (Me 2 pz))Co(CO) 2 is highly volatile and sublimes at 60 °C/0.03 Torr.
P4-10: Distributed discharge limiter studies for X-band high power microwaves

The design, fabrication, initial measurements and analysis of an X-band high power microwave (HPM) limiter are presented. The microwave discharge test chamber is an L-band rectangular waveguide with Lexan or Rexolite microwave windows. The chamber is illuminated by the output of an X-band waveguide pressed against the chamber window. The objective is to study conditions and configurations that enable rapid (< 50 ns) discharge formation above a pre-set power density threshold. A 25 kW X-band magnetron (9.38 GHz) with a 0.8 µs pulse width is used to produce the breakdown. Incident, reflected and transmitted microwave powers and optical emission intensity are measured to observe the discharge breakdown and extinction rates. Pressures used are in the 10s of Torr range, near Paschen minimum pressures for Ar and Ne/Ar mixtures‥ Design modeling, preliminary experimental data and data analyses are presented.
Quintic-phase-limited, spatially uniform expansion and recompression of ultrashort optical pulses.

Design of an expansion and recompression system for amplification of sub-20-fs optical pulses to multiterawatt peak powers is presented. The system allows one to eliminate spatial inhomogeneities and cubic and quartic phase errors that make existing designs unsuitable for use with pulses much shorter than 100 fs. We experimentally demonstrate >10,000 times expansion and recompression of ∼25-fs optical pulses.
The consequences of protecting audit partners' personal assets from the threat of liability: A discussion $

Abstract In their investigation of UK auditors that voluntarily switch from unlimited to limited liability, Lennox and Li (in this volume, The consequences of protecting audit partners' personal assets from the threat of liability. Journal of Accounting and Economics) provide new insights into a fundamental issue related to audit quality. This discussion attempts to place Lennox-Li into the broader auditing literature and to consider what we learn from their analysis.
SEDIMENTOLOGY, STRATIGRAPHY, AND DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE CRYSTAL GEYSER DINOSAUR QUARRY, EAST-CENTRAL UTAH

Abstract The Crystal Geyser Dinosaur Quarry, near Green River, Utah, is located at the base of the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) Yellow Cat Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation. The quarry preserves a nearly monospecific accumulation of a new basal therizinosauroid, Falcarius utahensis. We used field descriptions and petrographic analysis to determine the depositional environment and development of the quarry strata. Results of these analyses suggest that the quarry represents multiple episodes of bone accumulation buried by spring and overbank flood deposits. Evidence for these previously undescribed spring deposits includes calcite macroscopic structures within the quarry strata—such as pisolites and travertine fragments—and calcite micromorphologies—including radial-fibrous, feather, and scandulitic dendrite morphologies and tufa clasts. At least two episodes of bone incorporation are preserved in the quarry based on their stratigraphic position and lithologic associations. The unique depositional set...
"Third screen" social bookmarking for TV

With increasing fragmentation of the content ecosystem, content providers and consumers are facing new challenges in audience and content discovery respectively. Social bookmarking services have successfully tackled these problems online -- but have failed to translate to mainstream video delivery channels like television given concerns around rights management, usability, ubiquity and adaptability to diverse client platforms. In this paper we focus on a mobile-centric solution that resolves some issues in an operator- and platform- agnostic manner, thereby enabling more widespread usage of such systems for social bookmarking of TV content. We describe the design and implementation of an early prototype and share insights from a small-scale user study conducted with this system. A secondary goal is to motivate a broader usage of such 'companion' devices as a test-bed for research on interactive and social behaviors around video and TV content consumption.
Patterns of dihydrofolic reductase and tetrahydrofolate-dependent enzymes in the developing chick embryo.

Abstract In the whole embryo and liver of the developing chick the levels of dihydrofolic reductase, formate-activating enzyme, N 5 ,N 10 -methylene tetrahydrofolic dehydrogenase, and serine hydroxymethylase reach a maximum at 11–13 days of incubation, and thereafter decline. On the other hand, the levels, of those enzymes, with respect to each other, remain constant throughout the development of the embryo. Formate-activating enzyme and dihydrofolic reductase have been purified from embryonic chick liver, and the pH optima, kinetic constants, and substrate requirements of these enzymes are similar to those of their counterparts in other tissues. The administration of aminopterin to the chick embryo does not cause a rise in dihydrofolic reductase activity, contrary to results in other tissues. Under these conditions, the activity of dihydrofolic reductase is actually decreased when measured at low pH values, although no inhibition is detected when the assay is performed at higher pH values.
Efferent connections of the habenular nuclei in the rat

The efferent connections of the medial (MHb) and lateral (LHb) habenular nuclei in the rat were demonstrated autoradiographically following small injections of tritiated amino acids localized within various parts of the habenular complex. Comparison of individual cases led to the following conclusions.
Core–shell poly-methylmethacrylate nanoparticles as effective carriers of electrostatically loaded anionic porphyrin

Among the medical applications of nanoparticles, their usage as photosensitizer (PS) carriers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted increasing attention. In the present study we explored the morphological and photophysical properties of core–shell PMMA nanoparticles (PMMA-NPs) electrostatically post-loaded with the synthetic, water soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl)-porphyrin (TPPS4). pH response and singlet oxygen analyses of differently loaded samples proved the high capability of the PMMA-NPs to shield the PS from the environment, while retaining the PS singlet oxygen production capability. Preliminary in vitro imaging and phototoxicity experiments on HepG2 cells demonstrated the efficacy of the system to trigger photoinduced cell death in the culture.
Susceptibility of human neuroblastoma cell lines to cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated lysis.

Abstract The susceptibility of neuroblastoma cells to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing was investigated. Cytotoxic lines were generated by sensitizing peripheral blood lymphocytes against two stimulator cells, a neuroblastoma line, CHP-100, and normal allogeneic lymphocytes, LS. LS cells shared class I antigens with CHP-100, but in addition expressed class II antigens. The resulting cell lines strongly lysed both CHP-100 and LS cells, but poorly killed the natural killer (NK) target K562. Specific blocking of lysis by a monoclonal antibody directed against class I determinants and strong killing by the line following depletion of cells with NK or LAK markers demonstrated that this neuroblastoma line lysed by CTL.
Abstract OT1-3-01: Characterization of circulating tumor cells from subjects with metastatic breast cancer using the CTC-endocrine therapy index: The COMETI-P2-2012.0 trial

Introduction: Approximately 50% of patients with estrogen receptor (ER) positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) benefit from endocrine therapy (ET). This percentage is even lower after first line ET. Other than absence of ER, there are no validated markers that predict lack of benefit from ET. Prior studies suggest that relative levels of four markers might predict lack of benefit from ET: low ER and BCL2 and high HER2, and Ki67. Elevated circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels are prognostic in patients with MBC. We have recently demonstrated the ability to quantify ER, BCL2, HER2 and Ki67 on CTC using the CellSearch® system, and we have developed an analytically validated CTC-Endocrine Therapy Index (CTC-ETI). We are now conducting a prospective, multi-institutional clinical trial to test whether pretreatment CTC-ETI predicts lack of benefit from ET, and whether serial CTC-ETI measurements can be used to monitor patients with ER positive MBC starting 2nd or later line of ET. Objectives: To demonstrate that CTC-ETI can be accurately determined in multiple centers across North America and whether high CTC-ETI is associated with rapid progression (within 3 months of starting ET), and finally to refine the current CTC-ETI algorithm. Secondary objectives: To determine if changes in CTC-ETI during ET are associated with rapid progression, to correlate the status of the biomarkers on baseline CTC with the status of the same biomarkers in primary and/or metastatic tissue collected from the subjects, and to store CTC positive cartridges for future molecular analyses. Methods: Women with ER positive, HER2 negative, progressive MBC after one or more lines of ET or during or within 12 months of completing adjuvant ET who are initiating a new ET are eligible. Subjects with brain metastases only or those who are progressing on fulvestrant are not eligible. All subjects must provide written informed consent. Patients may be treated with any approved ET for MBC, and may also receive everolimus. Patients may not be on any investigational therapy. Blood draws (approximately 40 ml) are collected at baseline, at 1, 2, and 3 months after starting therapy, and at 12 months or progression. CTC-ETI is performed as previously described. Statistical Plan: Enrollment of 200 subjects will provide a sufficient number of evaluable subjects and statistical power for evaluation of the primary and secondary objectives. A total of 120 subjects evaluable for clinical validity analyses will be required to obtain the minimum of 51 subjects with rapid progression for evaluation of the clinical validity of the CTC-ETI. Subjects will be considered evaluable for clinical validity if they have successful calculation of a baseline CTC-ETI and progression status within 3 months of starting ET can be ascertained. Current Status: The first patient was enrolled in May, 2013, and accrual is ongoing. Sponsored by Veridex, LLC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr OT1-3-01.
High-resolution capillary isoelectric focusing-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for hemoglobin variants analysis.

On-line capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF)−electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) as a two-dimensional separation system is employed for high-resolution analysis of hemoglobin variants A, C, S, and F. The effects of moving ionic boundary inside the CIEF capillary and MS scan rate on the separation resolution and mass detection of hemoglobin variants are investigated. The formation of a moving ionic boundary due to the replacement of background electrolyte counterions with sheath liquid counterions can be minimized by combining cathodic mobilization with a gravity-induced hydrodynamic flow. Hemoglobin variants F and A, with a pI difference of 0.05 pH unit, are almost baseline resolved and identified in CIEF−ESIMS. The concentration detection limit for each hemoglobin variant is in the range of 10-8 M, comparable to that obtained in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis using silver staining. Initial preconcentration during the focusing step and the use of single-ion monitoring scan mode are res...
TCT-74 Use of Impella 2.5 for Electrical Stabilization in Acute Myocardial Infarction

The efficacy of Impella (Abiomed Inc., MA, USA) for electrical instability in the setting of an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unknown. Herein, we present a case series of successful hemodynamic support and electrical stabilization by an Impella device in the setting of ischemic
Development of the pyramidal tract in the hamster. I. A light microscopic study

The development of the pyramidal tract and other projections from the sensorimotor cortex was studied in the postnatal hamster with both (3H) proline and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as anterograde tracers. In the 1-day-old animal labeled axons extend as far as the pons. Other corticofugal fibers have penetrated into the corpus striatum and the thalamus. By 2 days postnatally, the pyramidal tract has grown to midmedullary levels and there is substantial retrograde (HRP) and anterograde labeling in the thalamus. The pyramidal decussation is formed at 3 days of age and by 4 days the pyramidal tract has descended in the dorsal funiculus as far as midcervical spinal cord. Corticofugal fibers invade the pontine nuclei at 4 days and both the dorsal column nuclei and the superior colliculus at 6 days of age. At 6 days the pyramidal tract can be traced to midthoracic levels of the spinal cord, by 8 days the tract reaches lumbar levels, and by 14 days it has completed its caudal growth to the coccygeal spinal cord. Fibers first penetrate the gray matter of a given spinal cord level approximately 2 days after the tract has grown past that level in the dorsal funiculus. Pyramidal fibers continue their lateral growth into the dorsal horn at all levels of the cord throughout the third postnatal week such that by 21 days of age the pyramidal tract appears similar to that of the adult. The projections from sensorimotor cortex to the pontine nuclei, the superior colliculus, and the dorsal column nuclei appear to have a pattern similar to that of the adult soon after the fibers grow into these structures. There is a consistent delay of 2 to 3 days between the arrival of the pyramidal tract axons in the white matter adjacent to target structures and their innervation of a given terminal field. The pyramidal tract grows more quickly through the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord than it does along the ventral surface of the medulla. Extensive elongation of pyramidal tract axons is achieved long before the growth and differentiation of the sensorimotor cortical neurons from which they originate. Finally, the pyramidal tract appears to grow as a compact bundle and not by the addition of temporally staggered groups of fibers. The relatively protracted period of innervation of the spinal cord by the pyramidal tract coupled with the immaturity of the cortical neurons at birth may be factors contributing to the significant regrowth of pyramidal tract axons severed early in development.
System design framework for equity/ fairness among actors

Abstract Perceived unfairness has hindered participation and support from actors (i.e. decision makers and stakeholders), rendering some next generation systems solutions ineffective. This work develops a framework for system design by explicitly considering equity/fairness. Equity is looked at from the perspective of how financial costs and benefits are distributed among actors. Implications of different equity principles are explored using a case study about efforts to reduce aviation emissions. The study investigates aviation biofuels production involving farmers, biorefineries, airlines, aircraft/engine manufacturers, and taxpayers. An isoperformance approach is employed to identify the trade-off space in which burden for reducing emissions can be shared among the actors.
The communicative imagination and its cultivation

The present essay argues that the cultivation of a communicative imagination should be a primary objective in the undergraduate communication curriculum. The essay begins by exploring and defining what is meant by the term communicative imagination. It then examines the role complex and challenging narratives can play in helping our students cultivate their communicative imaginations and, in so doing, prepare themselves for effective and humane participation in their increasingly complex social worlds.
Divalent Cation Interactions with Na,K-ATPase Cytoplasmic Cation Sites: Implications for the para-Nitrophenyl Phosphatase Reaction Mechanism

The interactions of divalent cations with the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and para-nitrophenyl phosphatase (pNPPase) activity of the purified dog kidney Na pump and the fluorescence of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled pump were determined. Sr2+ and Ba2+ did not compete with K+ for ATPase (an extracellular K+ effect). Sr2+ and Ba2+ did compete with Na+ for ATPase (an intracellular Na+ effect) and with K+ for pNPPase (an intracellular K+ effect). These results suggest that Ba2+ or Sr2+ can bind to the intracellular transport site, yet neither Ba2+ nor Sr2+ was able to activate pNPPase activity; we confirmed that Ca2+ and Mn2+ did activate. As another measure of cation binding, we observed that Ca2+ and Mn2+, but not Ba2+, decreased the fluorescence of the FITC-labeled pump; we confirmed that K+ substantially decreased the fluorescence. Interestingly, Ba2+ did shift the K+ dose-response curve. Ethane diamine inhibited Mn2+ stimulation of pNPPase (as well as K+ and Mg2+ stimulation) but did not shift the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the Mn2+-induced fluorescence change of FITC, though it did shift the IC50 for the K+-induced change. These results suggest that the Mn2+-induced fluorescence change is not due to Mn2+ binding at the transport site. The drawbacks of models in which Mn2+ stimulates pNPPase by binding solely to the catalytic site vs. those in which Mn2+ stimulates by binding to both the catalytic and transport sites are presented. Our results provide new insights into the pNPPase kinetic mechanism as well as how divalent cations interact with the Na pump.
Bioceramics in Ossicular Replacement Prostheses: A Review

For many decades, bioceramic materials have been used in a variety of biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, hardness, wear resistance and compressive strength properties. Bioceramic materials, including Bioglass, glass ceramic materials, and hydroxyapatite, have used to create total ossicular replacement prostheses and partial ossicular replacement prostheses. This review describes design factors associated with middle ear implants as well as clinical use of bioceramic materials in middle ear implants.