cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Optical Methods To Evaluate The Surface Waviness Of SMC Panels

Two methods are presented in this study to optically assess the surface waviness of painted SMC (Sheet Molding Compound) panels. In both methods, a coarse grating is reflected by the panel surface and the resulting image is recorded for further evaluation. In the first method, the reflected grating image is superimposed on a reference grating to create a moire fringe pattern. A small rotational mismatch between the two gratings amplifies the grating distortions. The panel surface waviness is qualitatively assessed by visually evaluating the overall waviness of the moire fringes. In the second method, the reflected grating image is evaluated directly for the spacing variations, which are related to the variations in the panel surface waviness. A statistical parameter, called the Waviness Index, is proposed to provide an average measure of these variations and is shown to have a good correlation with overall surface waviness.
Teacher Empowerment: What Research Says to the Principal:

The term “teacher empowerment” has recently made its appearance in the literature of education. This article examines the research that supports the term and some of the implications that this term has for principals.
Integrated Thoracic Residency Program Applicants: The Best and the Brightest?

Background Comparative data are lacking on the numbers and nature of applicants to North American 6-year integrated thoracic residency and traditional thoracic fellowship programs. Methods Candidates applying within the first 3 months of the application cycles to the integrated and traditional thoracic surgery residency programs starting in 2011 at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, were reviewed. Results The overall ratio of applicants to positions was 27:1 for the traditional program and 131:1 for the integrated program. There was no significant difference in the proportion of female applicants (22% vs 16%, p = 0.57). Almost half of integrated program applicants were final-year medical students, 20% of whom attended institutions with integrated programs. Traditional program applicants on average had 4 years surgery residency experience compared with the average of 3 years reported by the 46% of applicants to the integrated program who had postgraduate clinical experience. More than half of integrated program applicants were overseas graduates. Shortlisted integrated applicants had significantly greater United States Medical Licensing Examination scores and peer reviewed publications than shortlisted traditional applicants and were more likely to hold higher degrees and national research funding. Conclusions Much of the dramatic increase in the number of applicants to North American integrated thoracic residency programs has been driven by experienced international graduates. The caliber of applicants is strong, but efforts are needed to increase the appeal of thoracic surgery training to North American medical students if the goals of integrated programs are to be realized.
Converting Output Scores from Outlier Detection Algorithms into Probability Estimates

Current outlier detection schemes typically output a numeric score representing the degree to which a given observation is an outlier. We argue that converting the scores into well-calibrated probability estimates is more favorable for several reasons. First, the probability estimates allow us to select the appropriate threshold for declaring outliers using a Bayesian risk model. Second, the probability estimates obtained from individual models can be aggregated to build an ensemble outlier detection framework. In this paper, we present two methods for transforming outlier scores into probabilities. The first approach assumes that the posterior probabilities follow a logistic sigmoid function and learns the parameters of the function from the distribution of outlier scores. The second approach models the score distributions as a mixture of exponential and Gaussian probability functions and calculates the posterior probabilites via the Bayes' rule. We evaluated the efficacy of both methods in the context of threshold selection and ensemble outlier detection. We also show that the calibration accuracy improves with the aid of some labeled examples.
Improving the spatial resolution of real-time radiography images using the maximum entropy method

The authors have evaluated the maximum-entropy method (MEM) as a technique to improve the spatial resolution of real-time radiography images. The point spread function (PSF) of the image intensifier was estimated by differentiating a high-resolution scan made by translating the edge of a lead plate in subpixel increments relative to a single pixel of the CCD (charge coupled device) video camera. The 1D PSF was rotated to form the 2D PSF, which was used as the system function for the MEM algorithm. Improvement in the restored image was evaluated quantitatively using a resolution gauge. MEM was found to increase the contrast of the resolution gauge over the visible range of the digitized image by as much as 8 dB. Furthermore, the MEM smoothed the image noise, restored the square-wave pattern, and did not generate significant artifacts. >
Review of Taophila , a genus endemic to New Caledonia (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae : Eumolpinae)

The monotypic genus Taophila Heller is further characterized, with a redescription and lectotype designation of its type species, T. subsericea Heller. This review includes two recently described species (T. mantillerii Jolivet et al. and T. nigrans Jolivet et al.), along with nine additional species proposed as new (T. cancellata, n. sp., T. corvi, n. sp., T. deimos, n. sp., T. hydrae, n. sp., T. joliveti, n. sp., T. mars, n. sp., T. millei, n. sp., T. sagittarii, n. sp., and T. scorpii, n. sp.). All species are keyed; many are illustrated.
The Effects of Endogenous Information Acquisition about BusinessRisk on Audit Pricing

This paper examines the pricing of business risk by homogeneous auditors in a two-period model. Incumbent auditors optimally determine the amount of information to acquire about the business risk of a client. They subsequently compete in prices with prospective auditors. In such an environment, we show that there exists differential auditor turnover between high and low risk firms; cross-subsidization of the audit fees of high risk firms by low risk firms; and low-balling by auditors.
Beginning with the end in mind: implications for project design

As with other donor agencies, the World Bank uses an objectives-based approach to monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of projects. When projects run into problems and fail to meet their objectives, experience suggests that many of the problems could have been avoided or mitigated through a more systematic focus, from the outset, on the project’s objectives, the outcomes embedded in those objectives and the associated results framework. This article discusses how to improve the prospects of achieving sustainable outcomes by addressing specific questions from the very start of project design, or, in other words, by beginning with the end in mind.
Corrigendum to “Safety, efficacy and tolerability of half-dose sofosbuvir plus simeprevir in treatment of Hepatitis C in patients with end stage renal disease” [J Hepatol 2015;63:763–765]

Corrigendum to ‘‘Safety, efficacy and tolerability of half-dose sofosbuvir plus simeprevir in treatment of Hepatitis C in patients with end stage renal disease” [J Hepatol 2015;63:763–765] Kalyan Ram Bhamidimarri, Frank Czul1,⇑, Adam Peyton, Cynthia Levy, Maria Hernandez, Lennox Jeffers, David Roth, Eugene Schiff, Christopher O’Brien, Paul Martin University of Miami, Division of Medicine, Department of Hepatology, United States; University of Miami, Division of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, United States
Software plug-ins for flexible test cell automation

Traditional approaches for test cell automation are inefficient and insufficient for today's fast paced, ever-changing testing requirements. Future test cell environments will utilize software plug-ins that are easily accessible and configurable by test engineers; they will also include automated test systems that provide for easy integration and quick development of these plug-ins. Consequently, software plug-ins need to be a primary consideration during design of test programs rather than a secondary feature. Such a design approach can greatly increase flexibility for test cell automation as well as post processing while maintaining data integrity. Southwest Research Institute has developed a data acquisition and processing system incorporating software plug-ins to automate our test cell operations. This paper highlights our approach for software plug-in handling. Current test cell automation systems usually rely on hardware plug-in modules for physical I/O. In most cases, these can be easily swapped out and added to by the test engineer. To accommodate the rate at which today's testing environments change, automated test systems must also widely offer software plug-in capabilities. These plug-ins lower upfront software development costs, through improved software reuse, while also providing greater long term adaptability. One popular example of software plug-in use is Hardware-In-the-Loop models deployed in a test cell automation system. To avoid needing a software developer for every change of a given model, test engineers must have the capability to load and swap models at run time. Software plug-ins are also important for adding custom user interfaces, device communication logic, custom control logic and custom calculations. Especially with custom calculations, software plug-ins provide a way to maintain data reproducibility and data integrity while offering a heightened level of flexibility. This aspect relies on the automated test system having a robust strategy for plug-in handling, archival, and retrieval as well as a well-defined connection to data post processing. Automated test systems and data post processor utilities can be made to share software plug-ins, thus adding to data reproducibility benefits. Calculation validation efforts are reduced as the calculations only need to be vetted once rather than once for each execution environment. The main benefit of plug-ins is to bring software modularity, a basic concept for software developers, to the forefront of deployed applications and thereby dramatically increasing the flexibility possible for each deployment scenario.
Synthesis, structure and reactivity of [TmBut]ZnH, a monomeric terminal zinc hydride compound in a sulfur-rich coordination environment: access to a heterobimetallic compound

The first terminal zinc hydride complex that features a sulfur-rich coordination environment, namely the tris(2-mercapto-1-tert-butylimidazolyl)hydroborato compound, [TmBut]ZnH, has been synthesized via the reaction of [TmBut]ZnOPh with PhSiH3. The Zn–H bond of [TmBut]ZnH is subject to insertion of CO2 and facile protolytic cleavage, of which the latter provides access to heterobimetallic [TmBut]ZnMo(CO)3Cp.
Understanding What it Means to Be a Professional

Abstract Being a professional is not merely an intellectual exercise but, rather, involves a commitment to being something compelling and transformative in the classroom and on campus. Viewing oneself as a professional elicits one's best work, essentially because it involves living up to a set of ideals. Being a professional is animated by an inner commitment that is deeply personal. While exemplary, everyday practices of professionalism are important, they are a consequence, not the cause, of professional behavior. Professionalism is less a matter of what professionals actually do and more a matter of who they are as human beings. Professionals live by the principles of contribution and creation, as opposed to the principles of organizational survival and social exchange. In daily practice, professionals are results centered, internally directed, other focused, and externally open.
Introducing DuPont™ GreenTape™ 9K5 Low Dielectric Constant, Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic (LTCC) Tape System

Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) material systems have been successfully used in microwave and millimeter wave systems for several years. LTCC has very low dielectric loss, high reliability due to inherent hermeticity; high interconnect density, multilayer processing capability leading to true 3D packaging, and better cost-performance balance. While the medium range dielectric constants (7.00 – 8.00) offered by current tape systems have advantages, it is generally difficult to realize high speed systems and efficient antennas on LTCC, especially at millimeter wave frequencies. The difficulty arises from the reduced signal propagation velocity in high-speed applications, and lower radiation efficiency for antennas, both due to higher dielectric constant. To enable and extend applications of LTCC technology to these subsystems, DuPont has developed a new low dielectric constant LTCC system – DuPont™ GreenTape™ 9K5 - which has a dielectric constant of 5.80 (at 10 GHz) that is compatible with the comme...
Feelings about self and body during adolescent pregnancy.

To obtain qualitative data on perceptions of self and body during adolescent pregnancy diaries maintained by 14 young women recruited from school-based programs for pregnant teens in Idaho were reviewed. The adolescents ranged in age from 15-19 years (mean 16 years). Each week for six weeks study subjects wrote diary entries on two topics: "My thoughts about myself" and "My thoughts about my body." The affective quality of the entries was rated on a scale of 1 (very negative) to 5 (very positive). Feelings about self had an overall mean score of 2.18; the words "edgy" "depressed" "lonely" and "moody" appeared frequently. Key terms used to describe body image (mean score 2.40) were "fat" "huge" and "ugly." Discernible was a conflict between the weight gain of pregnancy and the cultures emphasis on thinness. Self-related diary entries were more variable (grand mean change score 1.89) than body-image entries (1.56). There was no association between affective scores and demographic factors such as age health status number of previous pregnancies or living arrangements. The bodily changes and fluctuating moods associated with pregnancy appeared in these adolescents to exacerbate the instability that accompanies the normal developmental process of adolescence. Teachers and health professionals who work with pregnant adolescents should be alert to the need for self-esteem building and social support in this population.
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF POLICE OFFICERS' SATISFACTION IN MARRIAGE

Work as a police officer is said to place great strain on a marriage (Stratton, 1975). To explore what characteristics differentiated police officers who were satisfied with their marriages from those who were not, an anonymous questionnaire was completed voluntarily by 55 married police officers from several suburban departments: M,, = 45.6 yr., SD = 7.1; mean years of police work = 8.0 yr., SD = 4.9; mean years of present marriage = 10.2, SD = 7.5. Each officer rated his satisfaction wich his marriage on a six-point scale from very satisfied = 5 to very dissatisfied = 1: 30 men were very satisfied, 19 satisfied, 5 somewhat satisfied, and one somewhat dissatisfied. Police officers who were more satisfied with their marriages were more likely to have been police officers already when they married (coded as yes = 0, no = 1; product-moment = 0.30), were more in favor of the women's liberation movement (answered on a Likert-type scale; 7 = 0.20), had fewer children (7 = 0.28), and were more likely to spend time with their wives when off duty (coded as frequently = 1; sometimes = 2, never = 3; T = 0.43). Although the officers did not differ in whether cheir wives worked (coded as yes = 0, no = 1; r = 0.08), if their wives did work the more satisfied officers had wives who worked more hours (7 = 0.27, n = 42) . Police officers who were more satisfied with cheir marriages described their wives as more interesting to be with, affectionate, understanding of their problems, interested in them, someone they can confide in, fun to be with, sexually satisfying, and independent and less disagreeable, thoughtless, and lazy than those who were less satisfied. Also, they did not describe cheir wives differently in supportiveness, domineering, and dependency. The officers' satisfaction with their marriages was not related to age, rank, educational level, years of work experience as a policeman, whether the shift worked was rotating or not, whether work at other jobs was done, or the hours worked at such jobs, whether there had been prior marriages, number of years of present marriage, wives' age, or off-dury activities. Such data suggest that most of these police officers were satisfied with their marriages and that satisfaction was higher if the officers had been employed as police officers prior to marriage. Other work-related variables were not associated wich rated marital satisfaction for this sample.
On nonlinear modes of systems with internal resonance

A complex-variable invariant-manifold approach is used to determine the normal modes of weakly nonlinear discrcte systems with cubic geometric nonlinearities and either onc-to-one or three-to-one internal resonances. T h e systems under investig a t ' lon possess similar nonlil~ear normal modes for the case of one-to-one internal resonance and nonsimilar nonlinear normal modcs fbr t he case of three-to-one internal resonance. In contrast wit11 the case of no internal resonance, the number of nonlinear normal modes may b e more than the number of linear normal modes. Bifurcations of the calculated nonlinear normal modes are investigated.
Comparison of Three Methods for Sampling Arthropod Pests and Their Natural Enemies in Peanut Fields

We compared the use of beat sheets, pitfall traps, and sweep nets for sampling common arthropods in peanut fields by taking weekly samples in the 1987 to 1989 growing seasons. We used σ 2/ x ratios and number of samples needed as the criteria for comparing sampling techniques. Pitfall trap samples had the largest means for soil surface-dwelling arthropods such as Labidura riparia (Pallas) (Dermaptera: Labiduridae), Oxyopes salticus Hentz (Arachnida: Araneae: Oxyopidae), ground beetles, rove beetles, and wolf spiders. Beat sheet samples had the smallest σ 2/ x ratios for Solenopsis invicta (Buren) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Peucetia viridans Hentz (Arachnida: Araneae: Oxyopidae). Samples from sweep nets had the smallest σ 2/ x ratios for Geocoris spp. (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). All three techniques had similar σ 2/ x ratios for Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sweep net samples had the smallest σ 2/ x ratios for Spissistilus festinus (Say) (Homoptera: Membracidae). None of the techniques adequately sampled all common pest and beneficial arthropods in peanuts.
Numerical Analysis Method for Wrinkling of Auto-body Panels Based on Universal Formability Theory

A numerical analysis method for wrinkling in auto-body panel forming based on "universal formability theory(UFT)" is proposed, and simulation results obtained with incremental algorithm is used as data source for wrinkling analysis in the environment for finite element simulations. By using the method, wrinkles can be evaluated quantitatively, stress, characteristic of forming and wrinkling in forming process can be got by analyzing strain path and strain distribution on reference curve, and metal flow adjustment directions and reference quantity are provided, to enhance the robust, the reference quantity will be revised by analyzing the interference caused by rupture, then, refer to adjustment directions and the revised reference quantity, wrinkling defects can be eliminated by adjusting simulation process parameters. A fender part as an example is presented, and the wrinkling, interference caused by split of the part is analyzed, the results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the method.
Influence of Water Content on RF and Microwave Dielectric Behavior of Foods

The importance of dielectric properties of food materials is discussed with respect to their influence on the geating of materials by radio-frequency and microwave energy and their use for rapid, nondestructive sensing of quality characteristics of such materials. Data are presented graphically showing the frequency and temperature of the dielectric consant and loss factor of wheat, fresh chicken breast meat, serveral fresh fruits, and apple juice, representing food materials with a wide range of moisture content. The influence of moisture or water content on the dielectric behavior of these materials is discussed, and that vehavior is explanied in terms of dipolar relaxation and ionic conduction.
A short biography of Abraham I. Braude.

chief until his death in 1984. We are grateful to the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and to the University of Chicago Press for underwriting the costs of publishing this symposium. Abraham I. Braude was born in Chicago on 15 June 1917. His father was an obstetrician. After attending high school in Chicago, he enrolled at the University of Chicago when he was only 16 years old. After graduation, he attended the University of Chicago Medical School and graduated in 1940, at the beginning of World War II. After only 1 year of internship at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, he was drafted into the U.S. Army Medical Corps. He served in Puerto Rico and Burma, and his experiences with tropical medicine while he was in the army influenced his choice of the subspecialty of infectious diseases as a career. After the war, he went to the University of Minnesota to finish his residency in internal medicine and to join Wesley Spink's laboratory, where he received his infectious diseases training and earned a Ph.D. in microbiology. Spink's laboratory was an exciting place for a young investigator. In 1951 the laboratory became the World Health Organization's center for brucellosis research in North America. From the results of a series of animal experiments, Braude was able to describe the natural history of Brucella abortus infections and to show that Brucella was an intracellular pathogen [1, 2]. Abe contracted brucellosis while working in the laboratory; he always felt that this experience made him a better doctor. The work on brucellosis led him to another
Value of lymphography in detecting metastatic cloacogenic carcinoma.

Cloacogenic Carcinoma is a rare and highly malignant tumor arises from the transitional cloacogenic zone of anorectal junction. These tumors metastasise by direct invasion and via the lymphatic channels to the regional lymph nodes. Lymphography was utilized to diganose metastic cloa­cogenic carcinomas and in 3 patients positive nodes were found on lymphography. This is a preliminary report describing the findings of metastatic cloacogenic tumors on lymphography and the author recommends utilization of this diagnostic procedure in the work up of cloacogenic carcinoma.
Metyrapone: Basic and Clinical Studies*

Metyrapone is an inhibitor of the adrenal enzyme 11-β-hydroxylase, which results in the blockade of cortisol synthesis. Its uses are primarily for experimental protocols in which the effects of endogenous cortisol are removed for brief periods of time. It can be useful for the diagnosis of Cushing's disease, determining the maximal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretory capacity of the pituitary corticotrophs, or combining with challenges to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to evaluate the importance of cortisol negative feedback.
Mobile Data Collection and Analysis in Conservation

Mobile computing and big data analytics have great potential for improving efficiency, productivity, and knowledge discovery in conservation tasks. This paper presents some recent development of mobile computing and data analysis systems for the Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC), including a mobile data collection system, an improved bear tracking website, and new analytics results obtained from real Missouri bear and deer GPS trajectories. The mobile data collection system using Android tablets is developed for surveying the usage and status of conservation areas. The new bear tracking website is developed to be mobile friendly and can dynamically present information of tracked bears. Lastly, for analyzing real GPS trajectories obtained from Missouri bears and deer, a density-based spatial and temporal clustering method is developed for identifying stay regions in trajectories of low sampling rate GPS points. Using real world data, interesting movement patterns of a large number of bears and white-tailed deer have been obtained, therefore advancing a step in achieving a better understanding of the behaviors of various types of animals in their natural environments.
R-FND Followed by Radioimmunotherapy for High-Risk Follicular Lymphoma

Follicular lymphoma (FL) patients, (pts) with high-risk features using the FL International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) have an expected 5-year survival of only about 50% with conventional therapy. With the incorporation of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy, results are improving (e.g., Buske, Blood 2006; 108: 1504). Starting in 2003, we have treated high-risk (FLIPI ≥3) FL pts with R-FND (rituximab, fludarabine, mitoxantrone, dexamethasone) for 4 cycles, followed by radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with ibritumomab tiuxetan, and subsequent rituximab maintenance. Results for the first 35 pts are: complete (CR) and partial (PR) remission 83% and 14%; 3-year overall (OS) and failure-free survival (FFS) 89% and 74% (median follow-up 24 mo.). RIT converted 5 PR pts to CR. Toxicity was mainly hematologic. Five pts did not receive RIT, one because of neutropenia after R-FND. Following RIT, platelet and neutrophil nadirs were 28 and 0.3, occurring at 4–7 weeks. 16 pts required transfusions, and 27 received growth factors. 13 pts had infections, only 2 of which were grade 3. Recovery occurred by 3 weeks in most, with prolonged cytopenias in 6. There has been 1 case of myelodysplasia. In conclusion, the additional complexity of this RIT intensification strategy is warranted in this high-risk FL population, resulting in OS and FFS outcomes that are better than non-mAb therapies, and at least as good as published chemotherapy-rituximab combination therapy.
Data-based feedforward controller reconstruction from iterative learning control algorithm

Different from previous work discussing how to improve the performance of the ILC algorithm by assigning a well-approximated plant inversion as the learning filter, a novel way to reconstruct a feedforward filter from the ILC algorithm is presented. Assuming the ILC algorithm has already been implemented for the controlled plant, a stable FIR feedforward filter can be extracted from the converged control inputs which are learned for tracking a smoother impulse. This proposed ILC-based feedforward filter (ILCFF) is model-less and only requires minimal digital signal processing compared to existing inversion methods. The reconstructed ILCFF can serve as a feedforward controller for tracking challenging trajectories, and may be put back as the learning filter for improving the convergence rate of the original ILC algorithm.
“Pop-off” Technic. The Ultrastructure of Paraffinembedded Sections

Stained paraffin embedded sections sometimes contain a precise area that warrants further investigation at an ultrastructural level. A technic is described whereby an area in question may be reembedded into plastic and sectioned for examination under the electron microscope. The decoyerslipped paraffin section is “popped-off” into an inverted BEEM capsule. Suspected viral inclusions in sections may be identified or ruled out with this technic. Special stains, especially heavy metal applications, not able to be utilized in conventional plastic embedding may be reembedded into plastic. The metallic granules may be visualized ultrastructuraily without further grid staining. This method is especially helpful for cell smears and cell monolayers since they may be the only material available for study. Although ultrastructural detail is often poor, one does have the ability to study the identical section under both the light and the electron microscopes.
Parameter setting in the acquisition of consonant clusters by phonologically delayed children.

ABSTRACTThe relationship between the acquisition of initial complex onset clusters, /s/-initial clusters, and non-initial clusters is much studied yet poorly understood. Pan and Snyder (2004), working within the Government Phonology (GP) framework, proposed that the production of the three types of consonant clusters requires the proper setting of three binary parameters [+/- Branching onset (BO), [+/-Branching rhyme (BR)] and [+/-Magic empty nucleus (MEN)]. Specifically, the production of onset clusters require [+BO], /s/-initial clusters require both [+BR] and [+MEN], and non-initial clusters require [+BR]. Two predictions follow: (1) The acquisition of /s/-initial clusters is independent of the acquisition of onset clusters, and (2) /s/-initial clusters should never be acquired prior to non-initial clusters, because the latter only require [+BR]. These predictions were borne out by data from twenty English-speaking children with phonological delay (mean age = 4;10). In support of prediction (1), seven ...
Consequences of expression of the "relaxed" genotype of the RC gene. Lipid synthesis.

Abstract Two pairs of strains that differ in the rel-1 locus were compared for their ability to synthesize protein, RNA, and lipid in the presence and absence of a required amino acid. In the absence of a required amino acid, protein synthesis ceased in both relaxed control (RCrel) and stringent control (RCstr) cells, and RNA synthesis ceased only in the RCstr cells. Lipid synthesis continued at an approximately equal rate in the presence or absence of a required amino acid in both RCrel and RCstr cells. Analysis of the lipid extracts showed a decrease in cardiolipin in RCrel cells deprived of a required amino acid. Otherwise, the distribution of the lipids was not affected by the absence of a required amino acid in either the RCrel or RCstr cells and was quite similar in both types of cells. The fatty acid distribution also appeared unaffected. These results are consistent with the view that the control of RNA synthesis exercised by the rel-1 locus cannot be simply at the level of nucleoside triphosphate availability.
Trying Times: Important Lessons to be Learned from Federal Tax Cases Involving Conservation Easement Donations

Since 2005, the courts have collectively issued more than 80 opinions involving challenges to deductions claimed under IRC § 170(h) with regard to conservation and facade easement donations. This outline provides a brief history of developments in the deduction context, discusses the practical implications of the recent court decisions, and offers advice on how to file a tax return package to minimize the risk of audit. It also briefly notes various other important issues, such as the IRS's focus on valuation and syndicated deals, quid pro quo, and reserved development rights.
Efficient GPU-accelerated extraction of imperfect inverted repeats from DNA sequences

Inverted Repeats in DNA sequences have long been known to have both major beneficial and detrimental effects in regards to how DNA is transcribed and duplicated. Palindromic sequences are frequently translated into proteins and may also facilitate DNA repair in some instances. However, they are also associated with significantly increased risk of mutation. Current methods are either slow or limited in the ways they can process imperfections due to tradeoffs between computational complexity and completeness in results. Our method allows for the efficient extraction of imperfect inverted repeats, featuring the ability to define the level of imperfection by the proportion of mismatching bases. By using GPU acceleration, we achieve order of magnitude speedups compared to the current leading method for imperfect inverted repeat extraction while allowing for more flexible results. We conducted a study on protein-coding exons contained entirely within inverted repeats. We found that these exons were significantly more likely to be included in multiple gene transcripts and were less likely to be spliced out.
Complications from brachial arterial pressure monitoring are rare in patients having cardiac surgery.

We would like to thank the Journal for their interest in our recent article about the use of intra-arterial brachial pressure monitoring during cardiac surgery (1).
A charge-based model of Junction Barrier Schottky rectifiers

Abstract A new charge-based model of the electric field distribution for Junction Barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes is presented, based on the description of the charge-sharing effect between the vertical Schottky junction and the lateral pn-junctions that constitute the active cell of the device. In our model, the inherently 2-D problem is transformed into a simple but accurate 1-D problem which has a closed analytical solution that captures the reshaping and reduction of the electric field profile responsible for the improved electrical performance of these devices, while preserving physically meaningful expressions that depend on relevant device parameters. The validation of the model is performed by comparing calculated electric field profiles with drift-diffusion simulations of a JBS device showing good agreement. Even though other fully 2-D models already available provide higher accuracy, they lack physical insight making the proposed model an useful tool for device design.
Pomponne, Man and Statesman

Simon Nicolas Arnauld, known to history as the marquis de Pomponne,1 followed only one career, that of a government servant. For him, as for many others, it was the pathway to riches, influence and enhanced dignity. But he was not the slave of the career he had chosen, he would not sacrifice all things on the altar of success. The interplay of these two factors—a deep devotion to his career, and independence of it—helped to define his character as a man and as a statesman.
Non-intrusive microwave system for multiphase flow metering

Accurate and reliable measurement of oil, gas and water flow rates as they flow along a pipe as a mixture continues to be a challenging problem in the oil and gas industry. Most of the solutions rely on radioactive sources. This paper explores the use of microwave sensors for flow rate measurement. Microstrip Patch sensors in transmission mode and a near field coaxial probe in reflection mode are used to estimate water fraction even in lossy (saline) medium using physics based models with minimal calibration. Reflection measurements from the Patch sensors are used to estimate gas fraction using empirical models which can enable measurement of gas in high loss cases. Gas velocity is measured from cross correlation. A low cost 5-port measuring instrument was built to do reliable reflection and transmission measurements over a wide temperature range. The microwave system was tested in in-house and external flow loops and in the field under varying temperatures and flow conditions and test results are presented in this paper.
On the Flow Distribution along a Model of the Aortic Arch

Numerous past investigations have been conducted on the problem of pulsatile flow in large arteries, based on various techniques of modeling the physical system and experimental methods. Extensive revisions have been reported by Attinger (1969) and Kenner (1972).
4.8 – Reduction of α-Substituted Carbonyl Compounds CXCO to Carbonyl Compounds CHCO

This review addresses in particular the reductive cleavage of groups X from α-substituted carbonyl compounds (equation 1). Since such studies have almost always involved ketones, the carbonyl group is understood herein to be that of a ketone unless stated otherwise. X is usually a heteroatom (most often halogen, but also oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen, and occasionally other atoms such as selenium or tellurium), but can be carbon in special cases. Since many reductive cleavages of compounds of type (1) involve production of enol and enolate ion intermediates, alternative reaction paths involving other components of the medium are sometimes observed. Where these involve carbon–carbon bond formation, they are more properly treated elsewhere in this series. A few such reactions are however referred to herein where appropriate from a mechanistic point of view, and the review also covers reductive conversions of (1) to enol derivatives.
Evolving continuous cellular automata for aesthetic objectives

We present MergeLife, a genetic algorithm (GA) capable of evolving continuous cellular automata (CA) that generate full color dynamic animations according to aesthetic user specifications. A simple 16-byte update rule is introduced that is evolved through an objective function that requires only initial human aesthetic guidelines. This update rule provides a fixed-length genome that can be successfully optimized by a GA. Also introduced are several novel fitness measures that when given human selected aesthetic guidelines encourage the evolution of complex animations that often include spaceships, oscillators, still life, and other complex emergent behavior. The results of this research are several complex and long running update rules and the objective function parameters that produced them. Several update rules produced from this paper exhibit complex emergent behavior through patterns, such as spaceships, guns, oscillators, and Universal Turing Machines. Because the true animated behavior of these CA cannot be observed from static images, we also present an on-line JavaScript viewer that is capable of animating any MergeLife 16-byte update rule.
Drug-delivering nerve conduit improves regeneration in a critical-sized gap.

Autologous nerve grafts are the current "gold standard" for repairing large nerve gaps. However, they cause morbidity at the donor nerve site and only a limited amount of nerve can be harvested. Nerve conduits are a promising alternative to autografts and can act as guidance cues for the regenerating axons, without the need to harvest donor nerve. Separately, it has been shown that localized delivery of GDNF can enhance axon growth and motor recovery. FK506, an FDA approved small molecule, has also been shown to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration. This paper describes the design of a novel hole-based drug delivery apparatus integrated with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nerve conduit for controlled local delivery of a protein such as GDNF or a small molecule such as FK506. The PTFE devices were tested in a diffusion chamber, and the bioactivity of the released media was evaluated by measuring neurite growth of dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) exposed to the released drugs. The drug delivering nerve guide was able to release bioactive concentrations of FK506 or GDNF. Following these tests, optimized drug releasing nerve conduits were implanted across 10 mm sciatic nerve gaps in a BL6 yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) mouse model, where they demonstrated significant improvement in muscle mass, compound muscle action potential, and axon myelination in vivo as compared with nerve conduits without the drug. The drug delivery nerve guide could release drug for extended periods of time and enhance axon growth in vitro and in vivo.
Mechanical properties of irradiated UMo alloy fuel

Abstract This paper presents results of studies characterizing the mechanical properties of irradiated U 10Mo fuel in support of low-enriched fuel conversion of several United States high-performance research reactors (USHPRR), specifically the monolithic base fuel qualification. Specimens were tested from ten test fuel plates irradiated at the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) from the RERTR-12 and AFIP-6 Mk. II irradiation campaigns. Tests were conducted at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in the Hot Fuel Examination Facility (HFEF) inert atmosphere Main Cell. The monolithic fuel plates consist of a U 10Mo fuel foil meat covered with a Zr diffusion barrier layer fabricated by co-rolling, and clad in 6061 Al using a hot isostatic press (HIP) bonding process. Initial unirradiated specimens exhibited nominal (fresh) fuel meat thickness ranging from 0.25 mm to 0.64 mm, and irradiated (as tested) fuel plate average burnup ranged from approximately 0.36 × 1021 to 6.2 × 1021 fissions/cm3. After sectioning individual specimens from the fuel plates, the 6061 Al cladding was removed by dissolution in concentrated NaOH. Pre-dissolution measurement of width and post-dissolution measurement of thickness were conducted on test specimens to facilitate accurate analysis of bend test results. The final thickness values varied from 0.3 to 0.8 mm. Four-point bend testing was conducted on the HFEF Remote Load Frame (RLF) using custom-designed test fixtures and calibrated force and displacement sensors. All specimens exhibited dominantly elastic behavior and failed in a brittle manner. Analysis of test results showed decreasing elastic modulus and bending failure strength with increasing fission density. The trend of modulus decrease intersected with unirradiated modulus at zero fission density. The trend of decreasing bending strength with increased fission density is apparent, but has significantly higher uncertainty levels than the modulus results over the fission density range evaluated. A linear trend fit of the calculated bend strengths versus fission density does not coincide with unirradiated tensile strength, which is significantly higher. Porosities measured on the test specimen material are used with several model equations to predict irradiated modulus values. Over the range of available porosity information, comparison to the experimental modulus values are favorable. Other factors and their potential influence on modulus and strength calculations are discussed.
Transport in the Two-Dimensional Honeycomb Lattice with Substitutional Disorder

In this chapter, we examine the transport properties of the two-dimensional honeycomb lattice with substitutional disorder, using the site quantum percolation model. Like the Anderson localization, the quantum percolation problem is characterized by an Anderson-type Hamiltonian and can therefore be studied using the spectral approach. Here we use the discrete random Schrodinger operator (Eq. 1.3) with a (modified) bimodal probability distributions χ for the random variables ϵi, which is a realistic representation of a doped system where nearest-neighbor interactions dominate. The discussion starts with a brief introduction of basic definitions in the discrete percolation setup together with an overview of some currently established results (Sect. 5.1). The formulation of the quantum percolation problem describing the doped two-dimensional honeycomb lattice is presented in Sect. 5.2. Section 5.3 provides a theoretical and numerical justification for the choice of the (modified) probability distribution of random variables representing doping. Finally, the results from the spectral analysis of lattices with various concentration of doping are provided in Sect. 5.4.
A graphical user interface to assess the neuroinflammatory response to intracortical microelectrodes.

Abstract Background Brain-implanted devices, including intracortical microelectrodes, are used in neuroscience applications ranging from research to rehabilitation and beyond. Significant efforts are focused on developing new device designs and insertion strategies that mitigate initial trauma and subsequent neuroinflammation that occurs as a result of implantation. A frequently published metric is the neuroinflammatory response quantified as a function of distance from the interface edge, using fluorescent immunohistochemical markers. New method Here, we sought to develop a graphical user interface software in Matlab to provide an objective, repeatable, and easy-to-use method for analyzing fluorescence immunohistochemistry images of neuroinflammation. The user interface allows for efficient batch-processing and review of images, and incorporates zoom and contrast features to improve the accuracy of identifying the ‘region of interest’ (ROI). Results The software was validated against previously published results and demonstrated equivalent scientific conclusions. Furthermore, a comparison between novice and expert users demonstrated consistency across levels of training and a rapid learning-curve. Comparison with existing method(s) Existing methods published in the intracortical microelectrode literature include a wide variety of procedures within ImageJ and Matlab. However, specific procedural details are often lacking. Conclusions The distribution of the methodology may promote efficiency and reproducibility across the field seeking to characterize the tissue response to implanted neural interfaces. It may also serve as a template for researchers seeking to perform other types of histological quantification as a function of distance from an ROI.
Rejoinder to “Endogeneity bias in marketing research: Problem, causes and remedies”

Abstract There are a few significant errors in Zaefarian, Kadile, Henneberg, and Leischnig's (2017) (henceforth ZKHL) discussion of remedies to address endogeneity issues in their recent survey article in Industrial Marketing Management. Most notably, they incorrectly describe 2-stage least squares (2SLS) estimation procedure. We provide the correct methodology here, along with sample data and code, and compare estimations using ZHKL's suggested methodology with proper 2SLS and ordinary least squares. We show that the method they suggest will actually result in greater bias in coefficient estimates while proper 2SLS addresses the endogeneity problem. Also, they incorrectly describe 3-stage least squares (3SLS), both in terms of implementation procedure and appropriate setting. We address both of these issues by describing when 3SLS would be used and the benefits of using 3SLS versus other methods to estimate simultaneous equations models. We discuss further issues with their paper and provide R code and simulated data.
The QOL of Women

This chapter will describe research related to the psychology of QOL of women. I start out by reviewing the literature on unique views and measures that focus on women’s subjective well-being. Then the chapter shifts to examine the QOL difference between men and women and how these differences are explained in the literature. Then we peruse the literature to examine the various factors affecting women’s subjective well-being—family and cultural factors, economic and work-related factors, residential factors, sexual and relationship factors, health-related factors, and factors related to the feminist movement.
Response to Rhett Jones's “In The Absence of Ideology: Blacks in Colonial America and the Modern Experience”:

Rhett Jones (1988) posits in his article, "In the Absence of Ideology: Blacks in Colonial America and the Modem Experience," that the colonial era in American history and its relationship to AfricanAmericans is grossly understudied. He contends that the lack of the establishment of an ideology at the first appearance of AfricanAmericans in the colonies has caused far-reaching consequences for 20th century Blacks. This is not to say that Blacks have been without any ideology but that they have simply mirrored the ideology of Euro-Americans. Jones (1988) goes to great lengths to compare the EuroAmerican reality to that of the African-American by pointing out that through the development and modification of values, early European immigrants were able to create a society founded on the tenets of what was to become the Declaration of Independence. Europeans came to the colonies grounded in "Old World values, norms, and social actions"; in America they met with an environment totally unlike their homeland. These people were expected to master their environment and deal with both external and internal threats to the order of the fledgling society. The external threats included the struggle with the Native Americans and other imperialistic European countries and their "shifting alliances." Jones (1988) goes on to show how the Black experience in the colonies was just the opposite of the Anglo-American experience.