cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Online Risk Analytics on the Cloud

In todays turbulent market conditions, the ability to generate accurate and timely risk measures has become critical to operating successfully, and necessary for survival. Value-at-Risk (VaR) is a market standard risk measure used by senior management and regulators to quantify the risk level of a firm's holdings. However, the time-critical nature and dynamic computational workloads of VaR applications, make it essential for computing infrastructures to handle bursts in computing and storage resources needs. This requires on-demand scalability, dynamic provisioning, and the integration of distributed resources. While emerging utility computing services and clouds have the potential for cost-effectively supporting such spikes in resource requirements, integrating clouds with computing platforms and data centers, as well as developing and managing applications to utilize the platform remains a challenge. In this paper, we focus on the dynamic resource requirements of online risk analytics applications and how they can be addressed by cloud environments. Specifically, we demonstrate how the CometCloud autonomic computing engine can support online multi-resolution VaR analytics using and integration of private and Internet cloud resources.
Phase transformations during sintering of titania nanoparticles.

The size below which anatase nanoparticles become more stable than rutile nanoparticles (crossover diameter) is dependent on the environment of the nanoparticles. It is smaller for nanoparticles in vacuum than those in water and continues to decrease with increase in temperature. Phase transformation between anatase and rutile phases is facilitated by enhanced ionic mobility at temperatures near the melting point of the nanoparticles. Multiparticle multiphase molecular dynamics simulations of TiO2 nanoparticles undergoing sintering-induced phase transformations are reported here. Over the time scales accessible to molecular dynamics simulations, we found that the final sintering agglomerate transformed to the rutile phase, provided one of the sintering nanoparticles was rutile, while sintering of anatase and amorphous nanoparticles resulted in a brookite agglomerate. No such phase transformations were observed at temperatures away from nanoparticle’s melting temperatures.
Optimization Models for Transportation Project Programming Process

Five optimization models are constructed for selecting an optimal subset of projects submitted for a statewide programming process. Our approach develops models that are consistent with user needs and appropriate for the assumptions used in the project prioritization process. Each of the models builds on a basic linear-programming formulation in which a maximization of benefits and minimization of costs is desired. The five models include the following: a priority index that provides a ranking of projects but does not directly facilitate trade-offs between project costs and the ranks (\Imodel 1\N); a model that incorporates a formal approach to making trade-offs between rank and cost (\Imodel 2\N); a model that explicitly includes policy objectives by setting a fixed goal for each objective (\Imodel 3\N); a model that includes a strict budget constraint in addition to requiring that funded projects equal or exceed a fixed goal for each policy objective (\Imodel 4\N); and finally, a model that combines the relative rankings and a budgetary constraint (\Imodel 5\N). \IModels 2–5\N are developed in both a continuous and integer variable format, thus generating nine optimization approaches. \IModels 4 and 5\N also introduce a method for determining the improvement in the overall transportation-system performance, given the current budget and decision-maker objectives.
Screening for hypercoagulable states in vascular surgical practice: A preliminary study *

Abstract The prevalence and importance of hypercoagulable states in the general vascular surgical population is unknown. Antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, plasminogen, lupus-like anticoagulant, and heparin—induced platelet activation were determined prospectively in 158 patients with aneurysmal (27), renovascular (1), cerebrovascular (28), aortoiliac (31), or infrainguinal (71) disease. Sixteen abnormal test results were obtained in 15 patients (9.5%) as follows: deficiencies of antithrombin III (2), protein C (4), and protein S (1) and presence of lupus-like anticoagulant activity (5) and heparin—induced platelet activation (4). Reconstructive surgery was performed in 137 of the study patients. Five reconstructions, all infrainguinal bypass grafts, suffered thrombosis within 30 days. Early graft thrombosis occurred in three (27%) of 14 patients with abnormal preoperative test results compared to two (1.6%) of 123 patients with normal testing ( p
Immune response to polyoma tumor cells in mice--III. Stimulation of tumor cell growth in vitro by spleen cells from immunized animals.

Abstract We have evaluated the stimulation of target cell growth in vitro by spleen cells from mice which were immunized with polyoma-transformed cells and other tumor and non-tumor antigens. Stimulation was particularly seen under conditions of immunization that were suboptimal for the production of specific cytotoxicity. Significant stimulation of polyoma target cell growth was observed by lymphocytes from mice immunized against 10 5 Py 4198 tumor cells. This stimulation of target cell growth was not confined to polyoma-transformed cells only. Cells transformed by SV 40 , H-MuSV and non-transformed cells like 3 T 3 and embryo fibroblasts were also stimulated. Immunization of mice with syngeneic embryo fibroblasts also resulted in stimulation of tumor cell growth by the spleen cells from the immunized mice. However, the growth stimulation was less consistent and did not occur in all target cells tested. The specificity of immunostimulation was further studied with the Moloney sarcoma virus (M-MuSV) system; an antigenically distinct tumor system. Spleen cells from M-MuSV tumor-bearing mice stimulated cell growth in vitro not only against MuSV-transformed cells but also with SV 40 -transformed and polyoma-transformed cells as targets. Significant stimulation of target cell growth was also observed by spleen cells from mice that were immunized against ‘non-pertinent’ antigens, e.g. sheep red blood cells and allogeneic (C 57 B 1/6 ) spleen cells.
Local Adaptation and the Effects of Grazing on the Performance of Nassella pulchra: Implications for Seed Sourcing in Restoration

The use of local seed sources for revegetation is accepted practice to reduce the potential that propagules will be poorly adapted to site conditions. However, data are often lacking to determine the distance within which seed sources represent local genotypes. Short-term reciprocal transplant studies represent a class of tools to detect local adaptation of target species. We conducted a reciprocal transplant of Nassella pulchra between two central California locations to test for adaptation to local environmental conditions over a 3-year period. Experimental plots at one location were split between grazed and ungrazed sites to evaluate the potential influence of livestock grazing on the detection or magnitude of local adaptation. During each year of the study, evidence of a home-site advantage depended on the location, traits studied, and population. At the end of the 3-year study period, however, we detected consistent evidence of a home-site advantage for seedling biomass among grazed sites at one location and ungrazed plots at the other location. In effect, local adaptation was only apparent in the final year of the study. Short-term reciprocal transplant studies are an effective tool to guide the selection of seed sources most likely to germinate and to become established at a restoration site, but such studies cannot rule out local adaptation, which may not be immediately detectable.
PRIVACY & CONFIDENTIALITY PERSPECTIVES: ARCHIVISTS & ARCHIVAL RECORDS. Menzi L. Behrnd–Klodt and Peter J. Wosh, (Eds.) Chicago, IL: Society of American Archivists, 2005, vii, 391 pp. ISBN 1-931666-10-5, $56.00

The title of this book accurately reflects the approach of the editors to the issues of privacy and confidentiality for archivists and archival records. The editors Menzi Behrnd–Klodt and Peter Wos...
Energy Saving in Pneumatic Servo Control Utilizing Interchamber Cross-Flow

This paper proposes a structure and control approach for the energy saving servo control of a pneumatic servo system. The energy saving approach is enabled by supplementing a standard four-way spool valve controlled pneumatic actuator with an additional two-way valve that enables flow between the cylinder chambers. The “crossflow” valve enables recirculation of pressurized air, and thus enables the extraction of stored energy that would otherwise be exhausted to the atmosphere. A control approach is formulated that supplements, to the extent possible, the mass flow required by a sliding mode controller with the recirculated mass flow provided by the crossflow valve. Following the control formulation, experimental results are presented that indicate energy savings of 25‐52%, with essentially no compromise in tracking performance relative to the standard sliding mode control approach (i.e., relative to control via a standard four-way spool valve, without the supplemental flow provided by the crossflow valve). DOI: 10.1115/1.2718244
Compound Management Beyond Efficiency

Codeveloping alongside chemistry and in vitro screening, compound management was one of the first areas in research recognizing the need for efficient processes and workflows. Material management groups have centralized, automated, miniaturized and, importantly, found out what not to do with compounds. While driving down cost and improving quality in storage and processing, researchers still face the challenge of interfacing optimally with changing business processes, in screening groups, and with external vendors and focusing on biologicals in many companies. Here we review our strategy to provide a seamless link between compound acquisition and screening operations and the impact of material management on quality of the downstream processes. Although this is driven in part by new technologies and improved quality control within material management, redefining team structures and roles also drives job satisfaction and motivation in our teams with a subsequent positive impact on cycle times and customer f...
Statistical Evaluation of Approximate Methods for Estimating Maximum Deformation Demands on Existing Structures

A statistical study is presented to evaluate the accuracy of five approximate methods that have been proposed in the past to estimate the maximum inelastic deformation demand on existing structures. Three are based on equivalent linearization in which the inelastic deformation is approximated by the maximum deformation of an equivalent linear elastic system having lower lateral stiffness and larger viscous damping with respect to the preyielding properties of the inelastic system. In the equivalent linear methods evaluated here the equivalent period and equivalent damping ratio are computed as a function of the maximum deformation through the displacement ductility ratio. The other two methods estimate the maximum inelastic deformation of a system by modifying its maximum elastic deformation through a displacement modification factor. Modification factors depend on the initial period of vibration and its lateral strength. A relatively large number of earthquake ground motions recorded on sites having average shear wave velocities higher than 180 m/s are used to calculate error statistics. For each method mean errors and standard errors, as well as probability of underestimating or overestimating inelastic deformations, are presented and discussed.
Emission–Diffusion Theory of the MOSFET

An emission–diffusion theory that describes MOSFETs from the ballistic to diffusive limits is developed. The approach extends the Crowell–Sze treatment of metal–semiconductor junctions to MOSFETs and is equivalent to the scattering/transmission model of the MOSFET. This paper demonstrates that the results of the transmission model can be obtained from a traditional, drift–diffusion analysis when the boundary conditions are properly specified, which suggests that the traditional drift–diffusion MOSFET models can also be extended to comprehend ballistic limits.
Parallelization of differential problems by partitioning method (synchronized algorithm)

Abstract A problem was split into subproblems which were then solved in parallel on various computers linked in a network. The resulting solutions were then combined to form the solution to the original problem. Coordinated management of this pooling of solutions required synchronization of machines; this synchronization, together with the prerequisite data transfer (one of the machines must be aware of all the solutions), was achieved through a series of utilities developed using the Remote Procedure Call (RPC) of the NFS.
Picking up the pace: effects of global temporal context on sensitivity to the tempo of auditory sequences.

This article continues a line of research examining factors affecting listeners’ auditory tempo sensitivities. Of particular interest is the question of whether listeners are sensitive to the overall (global) pace of their auditory environment and how this sensitivity may affect their perceptions of sequence timing. To address this question, we manipulated the set of sequence tempi (between 300 and 700 msec) that listeners experienced over the course of a 1-h period (i.e., the global temporal context) while they performed a tempo-discrimination task involving standard—comparison pairs of isochronous tone sequences. Overall findings show systematic distortions in perceived tempo that are consistent with the view that listeners adapt to the global pace of their auditory environments. Moreover, general support was found for the hypothesis that increasing the number of equal intervals in a standard sequence produces greater improvements in tempo sensitivity when the standard sequence tempo is different from the global pace than when it is at the global pace. Implications of these findings for models of timing and temporal processing are discussed.
A helper thread based dynamic cache partitioning scheme for multithreaded applications

Focusing on the problem of how to partition the cache space given to a multithreaded application across its threads, we show that different threads of a multithreaded application can have different cache space requirements, propose a fully automated, dynamic, intra-application cache partitioning scheme targeting emerging multicores with multilayer cache hierarchies, present a comprehensive experimental analysis of the proposed scheme, and show average improvements of 17.1% and 18.6% in SPECOMP and PARSEC suites.
Digital Biosensors with Built‐in Logic for Biomedical Applications

This article overviews recent advances in biomedical applications of enzyme-based logic systems, particularly for the analysis of pathophysiological conditions associated with various injuries. Novel biosensors digitally processing multiple biomarker signals produce a final output in the form of YES/NO response through Boolean logic networks composed of biomolecular systems. The biocomputing approach applied to biosensors leads to high-fidelity biosensing compared to traditional single-analyte sensing devices. By processing complex patterns of multiple physiological biomarkers, such multi-signal digital biosensors should have a profound impact on the rapid diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and particularly can provide timely detection and alert of medical emergencies (along with immediate therapeutic intervention). The novel biosensing concept has been exemplified with the systems for logic analysis of various injuries, including soft tissue injury, traumatic brain injury, liver injury, abdominal trauma, hemorrhagic shock, and oxidative stress.
Diversity and commonality of information science education in a pluralistic world

In a society that is increasingly diverse in culture, language, and technology, the field of information science education has continued to evolve and respond to the changing information environment. The iSchool movement has attracted a good number of library and information science programs, as well as programs in computer science, while many library and information science programs have revised their mission and curricula to meet the information needs of a pluralistic world without changing the name of their programs (they are often referred to as the LIS Schools). Although iSchools and LIS Schools may seem dichotomous, many of these schools share the history of library and information science education and may have more in common than their names imply. The proposed panel is designed to shed light on the diversity and commonality of information science education in the 21st century by examining the similarities and differences of these two types of schools (including their relationship to the tradition of library and information science education) and the extent to which these schools are meeting the needs of a pluralistic world. The panel will have two parts. Part One is a report on the curricula offered at ALA-accredited LIS schools and iSchools. In Part Two panelists will respond to the curriculum analysis report and address these topics: Their school's relationship to the tradition of library and information science education. Their experience in changing from an LIS School to an iSchool. Their rationale for remaining an LIS School and how they have changed their programs to meet the need of a pluralistic society. Their perspectives on how they are meeting market needs. Their experience in recruiting new students and placing graduates in libraries and non-library information environments.
Developing EHR-driven heart failure risk prediction models using CPXR(Log) with the probabilistic loss function

Display Omitted An approach called Contrast Pattern Aided Regression, CPXR(Log) with a new loss function is proposed.A series of heart failure survival risk models are developed using CPXR(Log) on an EHR dataset.The performance of CPXR(Log) models are compared with some of the state-of-the-art classification methods. Computerized survival prediction in healthcare identifying the risk of disease mortality, helps healthcare providers to effectively manage their patients by providing appropriate treatment options. In this study, we propose to apply a classification algorithm, Contrast Pattern Aided Logistic Regression (CPXR(Log)) with the probabilistic loss function, to develop and validate prognostic risk models to predict 1, 2, and 5year survival in heart failure (HF) using data from electronic health records (EHRs) at Mayo Clinic. The CPXR(Log) constructs a pattern aided logistic regression model defined by several patterns and corresponding local logistic regression models. One of the models generated by CPXR(Log) achieved an AUC and accuracy of 0.94 and 0.91, respectively, and significantly outperformed prognostic models reported in prior studies. Data extracted from EHRs allowed incorporation of patient co-morbidities into our models which helped improve the performance of the CPXR(Log) models (15.9% AUC improvement), although did not improve the accuracy of the models built by other classifiers. We also propose a probabilistic loss function to determine the large error and small error instances. The new loss function used in the algorithm outperforms other functions used in the previous studies by 1% improvement in the AUC. This study revealed that using EHR data to build prediction models can be very challenging using existing classification methods due to the high dimensionality and complexity of EHR data. The risk models developed by CPXR(Log) also reveal that HF is a highly heterogeneous disease, i.e., different subgroups of HF patients require different types of considerations with their diagnosis and treatment. Our risk models provided two valuable insights for application of predictive modeling techniques in biomedicine: Logistic risk models often make systematic prediction errors, and it is prudent to use subgroup based prediction models such as those given by CPXR(Log) when investigating heterogeneous diseases.
Turning the Tide on Poverty: Documenting impacts through Ripple Effect Mapping

As practitioners expand their efforts to promote civic engagement and action through the use of dialog, one of the nagging concerns is how to effectively and successfully measure and document the o...
Electromagnetic Induction (Emi) Coil Sensitivity Maps For Evaluating Coil Designs And Configurations Used In The Geophysical Detection Of Unexploded Ordnance (Uxo)

This paper summarizes efforts to develop and test a software tool for evaluating electromagnetic transmitter coil designs and configurations used in the geophysical detection of unexploded ordnance (UXO). In particular, we are interested in evaluating the detection and discrimination potential of Wide-Area Transmitter and Multi-Transmitter (WAT-MT) sensor systems. The effort is directed toward developing a better understanding of the capabilities and limitations of WAT-MT sensor systems. A Matlab computer code has been developed that maps sensor response to a standardized infinitesimal object in a static field. These plots take in full account of both the transmitter and receiver coil shapes with no explicit consideration of target characteristics. The software allows the user to obtain sensitivity as well as streamline plots. Streamline plots are preferred over sensitivity plots when one is interested in visualizing the direction of the magnetic field due to the transmitter and/or receiver coil. A combination of streamline and sensitivity plots provides good insights into the overall capabilities of a particular coil configuration and also allows one to objectively compare competing designs. Measurements with the Geonics Ltd EM-61 and EM-63 will be compared with sensitivity plots in order to validate the WAT-MT software tool.
Survival and Food Consumption by the Desert Termite Gnathamitermes tubiformans in Relation to Dietary Nitrogen Source and Levels

Workers of the desert termite, Gnathamitermes tubiformans (Buckley), were fed on a natural diet of blue grama leaves and cattle manure, and on artificial diets containing various amounts of cellulose, amino acid nitrogen (AAN), and non-protein nitrogen (NPN). Survival was highest on the natural diet and somewhat lower on low levels of AAN and NPN. Survival and consumption of artificial diets decreased as dietary NPN level increased. Survival decreased slightly, but consumption increased, as dietary AAN level increased. Survival as well as consumption was lowest on the 100% cellulose (actually contained 0.039% nitrogen) diet. G. tubiformans workers are better adapted to diets containing low levels of protein or nitrogen but are not adapted to diets of pure cellulose.
Isometries among composition operators on Besov type spaces

Given , , let denote the Besov type space of analytic functions on the unit disk . Allen, Heller and Pons have shown that the isometries among composition operators on certain Besov spaces, , are induced by rotations. We extend this to all Besov spaces and in fact to all Besov type spaces . We show that in every Besov type space, except on , rotations are the only symbols inducing isometries. We show that this is the case in every weighted Dirichlet space , as well.
Expression of Na+/H+ exchanger isoforms 1, 2, 3, and 4 in bovine endometrium and the influence of uterine pH at time of fixed-time AI of pregnancy success

Abstract Cows that exhibit estrus prior to fixed-time AI had increased sperm transport to the site of fertilization, and improved embryo quality on d 6 after insemination. Sperm transport is influenced by uterine pH, and research has reported that uterine pH decreased at onset of estrus, but must return to normal prior to ovulation. Therefore, the objectives of these studies were to investigate a possible mechanism for the regulation of uterine pH around the onset of estrus, and to determine if uterine pH at time of fixed-time AI influenced pregnancy success. In experiment 1, Angus-cross beef cows (n = 40 and 28 in rep. 1 and 2, respectively) were synchronized with the PG 6-day CIDR protocol (PGF2α on d -9, GnRH and insertion of a CIDR on d -6, and PGF2α and CIDR removal on d 0). Cows were blocked by follicle size at time of CIDR removal, and uterine biopsies were collected at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 (Rep. 1), 72, 84, or 96 h (Rep2) after CIDR removal, and total cellular RNA was extracted from all biopsies. Estrus was monitored by the HeatWatch Estrous Detection System. In experiment 2, 223 postpartum beef cows in 2 herds were synchronized with a fixed-time AI protocol (herd 1: n = 97; CO-Synch plus CIDR protocol; herd 2: n = 126; Co-synch protocol). Uterine pH was determined at time of AI (n = 80 and 63 for herd 1 and 2, respectively), and estrus was monitored by visual estrus detection with the aid of an ESTROTECT estrous detection patches, and pregnancy was determined by transrectal ultrasonography. In experiment 1, there was a significant (P 0.46). In experiment 2, cows that had initiated estrus prior to fixed-time AI had decreased (P = 0.01) uterine pH compared to cows that did not initiate estrus (6.78 ± 0.03 and 6.89 ± 0.03, respectively), and uterine pH at AI had an approximately linear effect on pregnancy success within the observed pH range. Furthermore, cows that initiated estrus prior to AI had increased (P = 0.05) pregnancy success (52% vs. 38%) compared to cows that had not initiated estrus. In summary, expression of Na+/H+ exchanger isoforms 1, 2, and 3 decreased after CIDR removal among cows that exhibited estrus, but did not change among cows that did not exhibit estrus. Additionally, as uterine pH decreased pregnancy success tended to increase (P = 0.076, logistics regression). Thus, Na+/H+ exchanger isoforms 1, 2, and 3 appear to be key regulators of uterine pH around the onset of estrus, and this change in uterine pH is critical for pregnancy success. Summary sentence Expression of Na+/H+ exchanger isoforms 1, 2, and 3 decreased after CIDR removal among cows that exhibited estrus, but did not change among cows that did not exhibit estrus, and as uterine pH decreased, pregnancy success tended to increase.
An Overview of Using Electronic Games for Health Purposes

This chapter aims to provide an overall picture of the applications of electronic games for various health-related purposes, particularly for health education, health risk prevention, behavioral intervention, and disease self-management. We first summarize the electronic games for health that have been empirically tested by researchers in the past 20 years. Games that have not yet been evaluated but are promising and noteworthy are also included. These games are categorized based on their specific health-related functions (i.e., prevention, self-management, medical training, etc). Second, we synthesize the key features of electronic games that make them promising to be used for health-related purposes. Finally, implications of using electronic games for health-related purposes and future direction for research in this area are discussed. Game researchers, health providers, game designers, and potential game consumers will all find informative content in this chapter.
Between Opacity and Rhetoric: The Facade in Trecento Florence

CULTURAL OVERLAY AND THE FACE OF THE CITY The tragic stories of Boccaccio's Day Four implicitly contrast the calculating culture of mercantile Tuscany, as in the tale of Lisabetta, and the passionate but no less harsh world, evoked in the other tales, of chivalry and the aristocratic court. Though in Florence the values of the mercantile elite sometimes collided with the aristocratic concern with honor, this did not inhibit the association of the “bourgeois” city and its government with chivalric forms of self-representation, especially on ritual occasions. Wishing to maintain some hold on power, on the other hand, certain feudal (“magnate”) clans passed themselves off as popolani , some even giving up traditional coats of arms for less provocative heraldic and other forms of self-identification. This complex history is variously inscribed in the city. Stern palaces lined the streets of late-medieval Florence, though the display of precious and colorful cloths on festivals, especially St. John's Day, temporarily transformed the face of the city. The culture of public architectural austerity recalls Dante's famous lament for an idealized lost world, submerged by courtly fashion and self indulgence: “Florence within its ancient circle … remained in peace, modest and restrained. There were no necklaces, no crowns, no fancy dresses, no girdle that caught the gaze more than the person ” (italics mine). Dante's concern with transparency, that appearance should match essence, resonates with the long history of sumptuary legislation in Florence and the generally conservative practices of architectural self-representation.
Evaluating the appropriateness of dosing adjustments in the coadministration of maraviroc and CYP3A inhibitors: A literature review

Abstract Aim To elucidate the appropriateness of once-daily dosing of maraviroc when administered concomitantly with a CYP3A inhibitor, a deviation from the labeled dosing in the United States. Background Practitioners have been known to prescribe doses of 300 mg once daily without clear evidence to improve compliance, primarily in patients with medication adherence issues. Materials and Methods A review of published literature related to maraviroc pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics was performed and data from existing studies is presented and critically evaluated. Results The findings with regards to extended dosing intervals of maraviroc in the agent's pivotal studies are discordant. While the MOTIVATE trials have suggested that the use of MVC once daily is more effective than placebo at reducing HIV-1 RNA levels as well as improving CD4 cell count, the data suggesting this efficacy was determined in studies that had significant limitations, the most important of these limitations being the fact that all patients in the MOTIVATE trials were controlled on optimized background therapy consisting of three to six active antiretroviral agents. MERIT shows that once daily dosing is inadequate due to a lack of viral load suppression. Conclusion The use of an extended (once-daily) dosing interval is not supported by current data and such an adjustment may lead to poor viral suppression and potential treatment failure.
On Negation Complexity of Injections, Surjections and Collision-Resistance in Cryptography

Goldreich and Izsak (Theory of Computing, 2012) initiated the research on understanding the role of negations in circuits implementing cryptographic primitives, notably, considering one-way functions and pseudo-random generators. More recently, Guo, Malkin, Oliveira and Rosen (TCC, 2015) determined tight bounds on the minimum number of negations gates (i.e., negation complexity) of a wide variety of cryptographic primitives including pseudo-random functions, error-correcting codes, hardcore-predicates and randomness extractors.
The Perioperative Surgical Home: The New Frontier

The Perioperative Surgical Home has been promoted as a novel, clinician-championed yet institution-supported, well-coordinated and very patient-centered, interdisciplinary model of care. Major forces are mandating a shift in the way providers and hospitals are paid from the traditional volume-based, fee-for-service contracts to one predominately linked to the value of the care. There are a number of drivers of health care value, which collectively represent a “burning platform” that will necessitate a fundamental change—a “New Frontier”— in perioperative care delivery and payment models in the USA. The highly collaborative Perioperative Surgical Home can consistently and effectively guide the patient through the entire surgical continuum, from the initial decision to undergo surgery to the post-hospital discharge and rehabilitation phase. The Perioperative Surgical Home essentially seeks to maximize health care value, defined as a quotient whose numerator includes perioperative quality, safety, and satisfaction and whose denominator is the total cost of perioperative care. There is an existing and a growing body of the literature supporting implementation and sustaining Perioperative Surgical Home model.
Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: Safety and Indications in Pediatrics and Young Adults

The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and indications for cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in a cohort of children and young adults. A retrospective review of 178 children and young adults who underwent CMR with MPI was performed. Studies were categorized based on study protocols as MPI with resting perfusion only, adenosine stress MPI, exercise-induced stress MPI, and MPI for cardiac mass diagnosis. Relevant clinical history, exam indications, and adverse reactions following gadolinium-based contrast agent and adenosine administration were recorded. Studies were reviewed for the presence of myocardial perfusion defects, wall motion abnormalities, and delayed myocardial enhancement. The most common indications from MPI were congenital heart disease (CHD), Kawasaki disease, anomalous coronary artery, or myocardial mass characterization. Of these, 51% were protocoled with adenosine stress, 23% without stress, 6% with exercise stress, and 20% for cardiac mass evaluation. Excluding patients for myocardial mass evaluation, MPI defects were present in 16% (14 with adenosine stress, 1 with exercise stress, 8 on resting studies only). For cardiac mass evaluation, a mass was confirmed in 58%. No adverse reactions occurred with intravenous administration of a gadolinium-based contrast agent. Three self-limited adverse reactions, 2 patients with chest pain, and 1 patient with bradycardia, occurred following adenosine administration. MPI is a safe modality for the evaluation of pediatric and young adults with minimal adverse events. The most common indications for MPI were for the evaluation of CHD, Kawasaki disease, anomalous coronary artery, or myocardial mass characterization.
Considerations for Accelerator-Driven Transmutation of Nuclear Waste

This paper characterizes the issues involving deep geologic disposal of LWR spent fuel rods, then presents results of an investigation to quantify the potential role of Accelerator-Driven Transmutation (ADT) in an integrated national nuclear materials and high level waste disposition strategy for the U.S. The investigation used the deep geological repository envisioned for Yucca Mt., Nevada as a baseline and considered complementary roles for integrated ADT transmutation systems. The results indicate that although a U.S. geologic waste repository will continue to be required, waste partitioning and accelerator transmutation of plutonium, the minor actinides, and selected long-lived fission products can result in the following substantial benefits: plutonium burndown to near zero levels, a dramatic reduction of the long term hazard associated with geologic repositories, an ability to place several-fold more high level nuclear waste in a single repository, electricity sales to compensate for capital and operating costs.
High-Dimensional Probability: An Introduction with Applications in Data Science

High-dimensional probability offers insight into the behavior of random vectors, random matrices, random subspaces, and objects used to quantify uncertainty in high dimensions. Drawing on ideas from probability, analysis, and geometry, it lends itself to applications in mathematics, statistics, theoretical computer science, signal processing, optimization, and more. It is the first to integrate theory, key tools, and modern applications of high-dimensional probability. Concentration inequalities form the core, and it covers both classical results such as Hoeffding's and Chernoff's inequalities and modern developments such as the matrix Bernstein's inequality. It then introduces the powerful methods based on stochastic processes, including such tools as Slepian's, Sudakov's, and Dudley's inequalities, as well as generic chaining and bounds based on VC dimension. A broad range of illustrations is embedded throughout, including classical and modern results for covariance estimation, clustering, networks, semidefinite programming, coding, dimension reduction, matrix completion, machine learning, compressed sensing, and sparse regression.
High-Accuracy, Temperature Dependent Density and Viscosity Measurements of a 50/50 JP-10 + Terpene Mixture

Densities of a 50/50 by volume mixture of JP-10 + a turpentine dimer fuel (TDF) have been measured in the compressed-liquid state from 270 to 470 K and at 0.5–45 MPa and at ambient pressure from 263.15 to 373.15 K. Ambient-pressure dynamic viscosity has also been measured over the same temperature range. The density data have been correlated with a Rackett equation, and the compressed-liquid density data have been fit to a Tait equation. Correlation parameters are given. Results of the mixture measurements presented here are compared with previously measured densities of the individual components, TDF and JP-10. Measurements of density over large ranges of temperature and pressure, as well as viscosity measurements, provide information as to the suitability of a fuel for use as a drop-in replacement for traditional petroleum-based fuels. The large range in temperature and pressure of the measurements is important to more closely capture engine operating conditions and better access the potential of altern...
Rapid quantification of vesicle concentration for DOPG/DOPC and Cardiolipin/DOPC mixed lipid systems of variable composition

A novel approach to quantify mixed lipid systems is described. Traditional approaches to lipid vesicle quantification are time consuming, require large amounts of material and are destructive. We extend our recently described method for quantification of pure lipid systems to mixed lipid systems. The method only requires a UV-Vis spectrometer and does not destroy sample. Mie scattering data from absorbance measurements are used as input into a Matlab program to calculate the total vesicle concentration and the concentrations of each lipid in the mixed lipid system. The technique is fast and accurate, which is essential for analytical lipid binding experiments.
Mr. Pynchon Goes to Iowa: The Search for Community in the Later Novels

In much of his work, Thomas Pynchon has avoided the Midwest as a setting, and criticized the region as a cultural wasteland. However, his aversion to the Midwest has given way to a tacit recognition of that region in his later novels. Since his novels are often structured as quests to new worlds, the Midwest might qualify as a new, unexplored world. This essay analyzes Pynchon's portrayal of the Midwest, and, more specifically, Iowa, my home state. I argue that, beyond a literal, geographical place, Iowa, and the Midwest, function as a metaphor for a now unavailable imagined community.
Ethical considerations in the treatment of head and neck cancer.

BackgroundThe second half of the 20th century saw not only important developments in medical science and technology, but also a rapid growth in the application of biomedical ethics in medical decis...
Der Elementare Bogen und die Elementarkurve

Von der Frage: Was ist eine Kurve? werden wir aus den im Vorwort genannten Grunden zu der Frage ubergehen : Was wollen wir unter einer Kurve verstehen?
Lung CTP:choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase: activation of cytosolic species by unsaturated fatty acid

CTP:choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase is the principal rate-limiting enzyme required for surfactant phosphatidylcholine synthesis. We examined the in vitro effect of unsaturated fatty acids on...
Cross-Sectional Scanning Tunneling Microscopy as a Probe of Local Order in Semiconductor Alloys

Cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to examine and characterize spontaneous ordering in metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy grown GaInP and GaInAs. Under appropriate growth conditions, these alloys exhibit CuPtB type order in which the group III cations form a monolayer superlattice of alternating Ga (IIIA) and In (IIIB) planes oriented along either -B direction. Atomic-resolution STM images of these ordered ternaries display IIIA-IIIB site discrimination allowing direct, real-space visualization of the CuPtB arrangement. The same STM images likewise permit a quantitative assessment of the magnitude and range of the local order throughout selected regions of either material by facilitating reconstruction of the In-In pair correlation function. This pair correlation function is used to define a local order parameter, analogous to the convential Bragg-Williams order parameter, that enables direct comparison of the cross-sectional STM data with optical or x-ray measurements. The spatial evolution of the order parameter near the alloy/buffer interface is studied in the case of GaInP on GaAs, where the STM images reveal antiphase boundaries that presumably play a role in the local onset of CuPtB order. The demonstrated capacity to visualize and quantify the degree of order in these alloy systems at near-atomic length scales with STM suggests the technique may prove an especially powerful tool for understanding and controlling the growth of ordered materials.
Interactions in Space

In our original definition of a population (Chapter 2) we set the spatial limits of the system in a rather arbitrary manner. This was done for practical reasons and, in particular, because it is often difficult or impossible to identify the real geographic boundaries of a population. Our population models (Figures 2.13 and 3.9) dealt with the problem of organisms moving into and out of the system by incorporating net migration (immigration-emigration) into the density-dependent process of population regulation. That is, we assumed that net migration changed in response to the density of the population. If we continue with this line of reasoning, we can draw a diagram for the interaction between two populations of the same species that occupy two spatially distinct environments as shown in Figure 5.1. In this model individuals displaced by competitive interactions from population A enter population B through the porous boundary we have set up between them—in reality this boundary is nonexistent. This kind of reasoning is convenient because it allows us to utilize the theories that we developed in the previous chapters to evaluate the dynamics of populations over broad geographic regions. However, as we shall see later, there may be better ways to define the spatial boundaries of population systems.
Evaluation of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions With Direct Oral Anticoagulants in a Large Urban Hospital:

Objective:The aim of this study is to assess patterns of potential drug–drug interactions (DDIs) with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in an inpatient hospital setting.Methods:A retrospective cha...
Proceedings of the 2009 MobiHoc S3 workshop on MobiHoc S3

The ACM MobiHoc S3 Workshop 2009 provides a high-energy, semi-formal discussion forum to graduate students engaged in research in theory and systems aspects of wireless networks. The workshop is a first-of-its-kind technical venue that is entirely "by the students," featuring student-driven panel and invited talk sessions and organized by a student-run technical program committee (TPC). This "of the students, by the students, and for the students" workshop aims to foster early-career development among students and encourage student leadership in research. The two invited talk sessions on systems and theory of wireless networks provide students an opportunity to share early stage research ideas with peers. A student panel discussion on current trends in cross-cutting aspects of systems and theory of wireless networks fosters exchange of viewpoints and intellectual stimulus for future research ideas. An elevator-pitch session gives students a unique opportunity to practice and learn the art of communicating research work. Overview and guidance from distinguished academia and industry representatives provide students with broader perspectives. We encourage graduate students from around the world to make use of this unique opportunity to present, discuss, and exchange ideas on research in systems, theory, and systems-theory cross cutting aspects of wireless networks. We anticipate a vibrant event where students use the unique networking opportunity to freely interact with a broad peer group, share their research opinions, and discover bridges of collaborations. We hope that the success of this workshop results in more such opportunities for students.
ARE MAJORITY MINORITY DISTRICTS TOO SAFE?: A look at the Alabama State Legislature

How does gerrymandering affect intraparty and interparty electoral competition in state legislatures? Research has shown that electoral competition produces better representation and that descriptive representation positively affects substantive representation or policy outcomes. However, other studies have found an ever increasing incumbency advantage. I argue that the incumbency advantage within Majority Minority Districts is significant and distinct from that of majority White Democrat and Republican districts. I estimate levels of intraparty and interparty competition among Majority Minority Districts, majority White Democrat districts, and majority White Republican districts in the state legislature of Alabama. I use majority White Democrat districts as an intraparty comparison group because of African American’s statistically high support for the Democrat Party. Using three separate measures of competitiveness, I find racial gerrymandering in Alabama has a significant and sui generis negative effect on competition within Majority Minority Districts, compared to majority White districts.
The soud of light: Towards ocean acoustic sensing with an optical breakdown transducer

When a high-power laser is focused to a small spot in a fluid, nonlinear interactions at the focus can excite a plasma that evolves and glows according to the properties of the breakdown medium. This phenomenon—optical breakdown—is commonly used for underwater chemical measurements in a technique called Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). However, LIBS generally operates at short ranges and only leverages the optical emission of the plasma for sensing. If instead, the laser systems were tuned to amplify the mechanical effects of optical breakdown, then it could be deployed as a versatile source for broadband acoustic sensing. The optical breakdown acoustic source is simultaneously compact (mm-scale), loud (MPa peak pressures), ultra-broadband (10 kHz–4 MHz), and geometrically reconfigurable. Here, I will describe the physics governing optical breakdown transduction and then show how can this be tuned to enable new single-vehicle sensing strategies in the ocean.
Circling the Triangle: An EFT Approach to Working with Christian Couples Triangulating God

Current research supports that there is a greater need for spiritually-informed therapists and for interventions to be more spiritually inclusive, especially since research shows that most Americans identify as Christian. The authors offer a new conceptualization for therapists working with Christian couples who triangulate God. The most popular intervention for triangulation comes from Structural Therapy, which attempts to de-triangulate a third party from the dyad. The authors provide an alternate conceptualization for an intervention that “circles” the triangle to be inclusive of God through the model of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy. This literature summarizes the concept of triangulation and how it relates to attachment theory, reviews the current literature available on working Christian couples who triangulate God, provides a rationale for EFT being an effective model for spiritual inclusivity, and, lastly, analyzes instructive EFT interventions and a case study for working with Christian couples triangulating God.