cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Direct-reverse flotation process and double-reverse flotation process on phosphate rock

Continuous pilot experiments for calcium-silicon phosphate rock with P_2O_5 25%,MgO 4% were conducted by using direct-reverse and double-reverse flotation processes.The phosphate concentrate with P_2O_5 31.82%,MgO 0.73% and recovery(83.71%) was obtained by using direct-reverse process,and the phosphate concentrate with P_2O_5 31.10%,MgO 0.57% and recovery(88.18%) was obtained by using double-reverse process.
Study on the Solution and Analysis to the CBL-VDL Logging Resistance of Daqing Ajustment Well

The CBL-VDL logging resistance means that in the process of oil well logging process,the performance of the drilling fluid becomes bad,thicken and sedimentary in the casing because of the influence of the internal or the external factors,which can make the logging instrument obstructed in the process of measurement.In the oil well logging process of the adjustment well in Daqing oil field,the situation of the CBL-VDL logging resistance sometimes occur,which seriously affects the well cementation cycle and cementation quality and makes big economic loss.The reasons which result in the CBL-VDL logging resistance has been determined.And the HT has been developped to raise shearing force,at the same time the HT also has the anti-cement mortar pollution effect.For the well tighted pull,optimizing drifting installation can make that the process of drifting dosen't affect the cementation quality.
Histopathologic identification of Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas') encephalitis in an AIDS patient

Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas') encephalitis is an uncommon manifestation of T. cruzi infection, typically seen in immunocompromised patients. Encephalitis results from the reactivation of chronic infection predominately in individuals from endemic areas. Increased awareness of this complication is essential especially with increased migration of patients from endemic areas with concomitant HIV infection. Here we report a case of Chagas' encephalitis in an AIDS patient from Mexico in which there was no evidence of acute serologic, CSF, or blood infection by T. cruzi trypomastigotes.
Time-Dependent Risk Assessment of Bridges Based on Cumulative-Time Failure Probability

AbstractThis paper presents an approach for the time-dependent risk assessment of bridges based on cumulative-time failure probability of bridge members. The cumulative-time failure probabilities of girders under traffic load and pier columns under scour are computed. Different scenarios of lane closure are identified and expressed in terms of failure events of bridge components. Two extreme correlation cases among the failure modes of bridge components are considered. After estimating the occurrence probabilities and consequences associated with these scenarios, the time-dependent risks are assessed. Considering the entire history of loadings and structural deteriorating processes by using the cumulative-time approach provides a more realistic basis for risk assessment of bridges than the approach based on annual failure probabilities.
Abstract 1186: Inhibition of topoisomerase 2β sensitizes acute myeloid leukemia cells to ATRA induced apoptosis independent of the MAPK/ERK pathway

Pharmacologic inhibition or molecular down-regulation of topoisomerase 2β (TOP2β) potentiates all trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced differentiation and apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Since ATRA-induced myeloid differentiation involves activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and aberrant activation of MAPK/ERK is frequently observed in AML we tested the role of this pathway in modulating the cellular effects of ATRA when TOP2β is inhibited with the bisdioxopiperazines, ICRF 187 (dexrazoxane, Zinecard™) or ICRF193. Treatment of HL-60 AML (M2) cells with ATRA increased the percentage of differentiated cells, as assessed by the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction assay, and enhanced levels of phosphorylated ERK. Paradoxically, while combination treatment with ATRA/ICRF187 enhanced differentiation (P Citation Format: Eric J. Norris, Amy Dorszynski, Aaron Lucander, Darla Destephanis, Ram Ganapathi, Mahrukh Ganapathi. Inhibition of topoisomerase 2β sensitizes acute myeloid leukemia cells to ATRA induced apoptosis independent of the MAPK/ERK pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1186.
Role-Based Integrated Access Control and Data Provenance for SOA Based Net-Centric Systems

In multi-domain service-based systems, services from different domains are composed together to accomplish critical tasks. In these systems, data flow from one domain to another through the composed services. Thus, security and trustworthiness are the major concerns. Many access control models have been developed for service-based systems. Also, many data provenance schemes have been proposed in recent years to support data quality assessment and enhancement, data reproduction, etc. However, none of the existing mechanisms consider both access control and data provenance in an integrated model. In this paper, we propose an integrated role-based access control and data provenance model to secure the cross-domain interactions. We develop a role-based data provenance scheme which tracks the roles of originators/contributors of a data object and uses this information to help evaluate data trustworthiness. We also make use of the data provenance information and the derived data quality attributes to assist with cross domain access and information flow control. This integrated model mutually enhances data provenance and access control, providing better security and trustworthiness for many multi-domain service-based applications.
Precipitation alters interactions in a grassland ecological community.

1.Climate change is transforming precipitation regimes worldwide. Changes in precipitation regimes are known to have powerful effects on plant productivity, but the consequences of these shifts for the dynamics of ecological communities are poorly understood. This knowledge gap hinders our ability to anticipate and mitigate the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. 2.Precipitation may affect fauna through direct effects on physiology, behavior or demography, through plant-mediated indirect effects, or by modifying interactions among species. In this paper, we examined the response of a semi-arid ecological community to a fivefold change in precipitation over seven years. 3.We examined the effects of precipitation on the dynamics of a grassland ecosystem in central California from 2007 to 2013. We conducted vegetation surveys, pitfall trapping of invertebrates, visual surveys of lizards, and capture-mark-recapture surveys of rodents on 30 plots each year. We used structural equation modelling to evaluate the direct, indirect, and modifying effects of precipitation on plants, ants, beetles, orthopterans, kangaroo rats, ground squirrels, and lizards. 4.We found pervasive effects of precipitation on the ecological community. Although precipitation increased plant biomass, direct effects on fauna were often stronger than plant-mediated effects. In addition, precipitation altered the sign or strength of consumer-resource and facilitative interactions among the faunal community such that negative or neutral interactions became positive or vice versa with increasing precipitation. 5.These findings indicate that precipitation influences ecological communities in multiple ways beyond its recognized effects on primary productivity. Stochastic variation in precipitation may weaken the average strength of biotic interactions over time, thereby increasing ecosystem stability and resilience to climate change. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Retention in HIV care depends on patients' perceptions of the clinic experience.

ABSTRACTInstitutional barriers in HIV primary care settings can contribute substantially to disparities in retention in HIV treatment and HIV-related outcomes. This qualitative study compared the perceptions of clinic experiences of persons living with HIV (PLWH) in a Veterans Affairs HIV primary care clinic setting who were retained in care with the experiences of those who were not retained in care. Qualitative data from 25 in-depth interviews were analyzed to identify facilitators and barriers to retention in HIV care. Results showed that participants not retained in care experienced barriers to retention involving dissatisfaction with clinic wait times, low confidence in clinicians, and customer service concerns. For participants retained in care, patience with procedural issues, confidence in clinicians, and interpersonal connections were factors that enhanced retention despite the fact that these participants recognized the same barriers as those who were not retained in care. These findings can inf...
FRI0526 Anti-osteoporotic therapy decrease cancer risk in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures

Background Some studies had looked at the long-term effect of anti-osteoporotic therapy on risks of different cancers in the general population. But epidemiological studies have consistently reported a reduced risk of breast cancer in bisphosphonate users. so there is little data to establish definitive conclusions. Objectives This study aimed to determine if anti-osteoporotic therapy can influence cancer risk in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Methods This retrospective study reviewed of cases of osteoporosis patients with acute vertebral fractures between 2001 and 2015. Anti-osteoporotic therapy were recorded (alendronate, ibandronate, zolendronic acid, raloxifen, teriparatide, denosumab). We followed these patients to develop cancer. All associated co-morbidities were recorded. Cox regression analysis were performed. Results There were 1128 patients with acute vertebral fractures were enrolled, among them 693 patients accepted anti-osteoporotic therapy, 432 were not. The mean age of anti-osteoporotic therapy was 73.86±7.52, while the age of nonanti-osteoporotic therapy was 72.82±10.92 (p=0.059). 15 (2.2%) patients of anti-osteoporotic therapy developed cancer, while 24 (5.6%) patients of non-antiosteoporotic therapy developed cancer (p=0.004). After adjusting for potential confounders, patients with antiosteoporotic therapy still had a lower cancer risk ( p =0.038; HR: 0.428, 95% CI: 0.192∼0.955). The cancer risk also increased among smokers ( p =0.002; HR: 10.505; 95% CI: 2.375∼46.462). Conclusions In this study, anti-osteoporotic therapy decrease cancer risk. So we could safely use these drugs in osteoporotic management. References British Journal of Cancer (2013) 109, 795–806. Acknowledgements We thanked Kaohsiung Chang Gang Memorial hospital for data support. Disclosure of Interest None declared
Passive se in Romanian and Spanish: A subject cycle

In this article, we discuss passive se constructions in Romanian and Spanish. We argue that there is a projected implicit external argument in passive se constructions in both languages based on an available inalienable possession interpretation of body parts. These constructions, however, differ from each other in one important way: Romanian passive se allows a ‘by’-phrase, while Spanish passive se shows severe restrictions. Moreover, we illustrate that in Old Spanish, passive se freely allowed ‘by’-phrases. Thus, Modern Romanian reflects an earlier stage of Spanish. We propose a linguistic cycle to explain these differences, where Spanish and Romanian are at different stages of that cycle. The approach offers an explanation for a general pattern within Romance, where ‘by’-phrases are initially grammatical with passive se, but then become ungrammatical over time, a pattern to date that has not yet been explained. It also offers a thereotical account for why some languages do not develop passive se constructions.
Reading Popular Culture for Peace: Theoretical Foundations

This chapter presents the theoretical framework used in the book. Depending on the theories of youth prioritized, different questions would be asked about pop culture, underlining a need for reflexivity and intersectional analysis. Foucault, Agamben, De Certeau, and Anzaldua are among the theorists emphasized. The chapter argues that pop culture analysis helps identify the ‘commonsensical’ narratives and ‘self-fulfilling prophecies’ (Weldes) of violence in world politics, uncovers the domestic pop-cultural contexts of liberal peacebuilding and how these blur with militarism, and helps locate the cultural sources of positive peace and resistance. Focusing on a politics of peace and youth cultures, peacebuilding can be rendered recognizable as a discourse that bridges local lives and global structures.
Lost in Translation? La adaptación al cine de El amor en los tiempos del cólera de Gabriel García Márquez

espanolLa pelicula de Mike Newell, Love in the Time of Cholera (2007), con un alto presupuesto termina en desastre recaudatorio y critico global, arguimos, puesto que la adaptacion reduce la novela de Gabriel Garcia Marquez a una formula (el romance historico) y representa su contenido de forma realista, domesticando los aspectos controversiales del texto. Paradojicamente, la pelicula intenta ser fidedigna al texto original, copiando minuciosamente las escenas importantes, la ambientacion y las lineas memorables, pero olvidando la parodia novelistica al realismo. Al desvirtuar el mensaje subversivo e hibrido del realismo magico postcolonial, la pelicula no consigue reafirmar la anhelada “autenticidad del texto” para el publico. EnglishMike Newell's film, Love in the Time of Cholera (2007), with a high budget ends in a global critical and collecting disaster, we argue, since the adaptation reduces Gabriel Garcia Marquez's novel to a formula (historical romance) and represents its content realistically, domesticating the controversial aspects of the text. Paradoxically, the film tries to be faithful to the original text, painstakingly copying the important scenes, setting and memorable lines, but forgetting the novelistic parody of realism. By distorting the subversive and hybrid message of postcolonial magical realism, the film fails to reaffirm the longed for "authenticity of the text" for the public.
Vibrational Relaxation of HF (v = 3, 4) by HF, H2, D2, CO2, and Isobutene

The vibrational relaxation of HF has attracted much interest, in part because of the interest in chemical lasers and in part because HF is accessible to theoretical calculations of its relaxation rates. Relaxation of vibrational levels v > 1 has been of particular interest. Previous experimental studies have produced HF in these higher vibrational levels either by chemical reaction [1–3] or by laser pumping of sequential transitions up to the level of interest [4, 5]. In both cases many vibrational levels are populated at once, thus complicating the kinetic analysis of the experiment.
Algorithmic Framework for Approximate Matching Under Bounded Edits with Applications to Sequence Analysis

We present a novel algorithmic framework for solving approximate sequence matching problems that permit a bounded total number k of mismatches, insertions, and deletions. The core of the framework relies on transforming an approximate matching problem into a corresponding exact matching problem on suitably edited string suffixes, while carefully controlling the required number of such edited suffixes to enable the design of efficient algorithms. For a total input size of n, our framework limits the number of generated edited suffixes to no more than a factor of \(O(\log ^k n)\) of the input size (for any constant k), and restricts the algorithm to linear space usage by overlapping the generation and processing of edited suffixes. Our framework improves the best known upper bound of \(n^2 k^{1.5}/ 2^{\varOmega (\sqrt{{\log n}/{k}})}\) for the classic k-edit longest common substring problem [Abboud, Williams, and Yu; SODA 2015] to yield the first strictly sub-quadratic time algorithm that runs in \(O(n\log ^k n)\) time and O(n) space for any constant k. We present similar subquadratic time and linear space algorithms for (i) computing the alignment-free distance between two genomes based on the k-edit average common substring measure, (ii) mapping reads/read fragments to a reference genome while allowing up to k edits, and (iii) computing all-pair maximal k-edit common substrings (also, suffix/prefix overlaps), which has applications in clustering and assembly. We expect our algorithmic framework to be a broadly applicable theoretical tool, and may inspire the design of practical heuristics and software.
Executive functioning and bullying participant roles: Differences for boys and girls

Bullying is a process of direct (i.e., youth who bully and are victimized) and indirect (i.e., bystanders) social exchanges. Though researchers often examine social and emotional correlates of bull...
Experimental studies for use of magnetic resonance in brain water measurements.

The accurate description and quantification of altered brain water resulting from different pathologic conditions is of critical clinical importance. In this work we determined the influence of total water content, hydration fraction and magnetic field strength on observed proton relaxation rates by means of in vitro and in vivo model studies and developed a scheme for determining water content at any field strength. Equations relating T1 relaxation times and brain water content are derived. This allows a non-invasive measure of brain water to be determined in the clinical setting.
Functional Analysis of Phosphatidylinositol Transfer Proteins

All eukaryotic cells contain a battery of cytosolic proteins that catalyze the energy-independent transfer of PLs, as monomers, between membrane bilayers in vitro (Rueckert and Schmidt, 1990; Wirtz, 1991). These proteins were initially detected in assays designed to identify polypeptides that could be involved in intracellular lipid sorting/ trafficking and, based solely upon this operational definition, such proteins are referred to as phospholipid transfer proteins (PL-TPs). These PL-TPs are, in turn, categorized into three general classes on the basis of their unique catalytic activities which reflect the differing PL headgroup specificities of these proteins. For example, the monospecific PL-TPs, exemplified by the phosphatidylcholine transfer protein, exhibit an absolute specificity for one PL species. On the other hand, the nonspecific transfer proteins are able to mobilize most PL species, glycolipids, and sterols in the in vitro transfer reaction. Finally, the oligospecific transfer proteins, exemplified by the phosphatidylinositol (PI)/phosphatidylcholine (PC) transfer proteins (PI-TPs) are able to transfer only a few PLs. In the case of PI-TPs these substrates are PI and PC.
Applications in Anatomic Pathology

Molecular testing in anatomic pathology is becoming increa-singly important, and molecular assays are used both diagnostically and prognostically, particularly in the workup of neoplasia and for identification or subclassification for certain infectious processes. Fresh and frozen tissues are the optimal source of DNA and RNA to serve as the template for targeted molecular analysis; however, archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue is a frequently used alternative source of DNA for clinical testing. Paraffin-embedded tissue is especially critical as a source of nucleic acid when pathological evaluation renders an unexpected diagnosis, and it also provides the advantage of allowing for archival analysis with correlation to outcome.
Heat-stable mutants of T5 phage: I. The physical properties of the phage and their DNA molecules

Abstract The st mutation in the T5 wild-type phage, demonstrated by an increased heat stability of the phage particle, causes changes in the T5 DNA molecule. The five different T5st mutants studied have 2–7% less DNA than the wild-type phage. When the wild-type T5 DNA molecule is first broken by shear it breaks asymmetrically into long and short fragments representing 65 and 35% of the mass of the molecule. When the DNA molecule from the T5st mutants is first broken by shear, it also breaks asymmetrically with a decrease in the average size of the long fragments and an increase in the average size of the short fragments. These changes are specific for each of the st mutants. Other physical parameters of the phage parallel their loss of DNA. Those phage that have lost the greatest amount of DNA are the most heat stable, sediment the slowest, and have the lowest density.
Speech Synthesis: Prosody

Text-to-speech (TTS) systems face two problems in modeling prosody: (1) determining an appropriate prosody for input text (‘How would a person say this sentence?’) and (2) realizing the prosody so specified in a natural-sounding way. Failures in these two areas are a major reason why TTS systems still often sound unnatural, particularly when they are producing larger stretches of output. This article describes the prosodic phenomena TTS systems typically try to model and some of the barriers to modeling these successfully.
Status-based Competition and Tournaments for Prestige

The studies in this research paper symposium proposal advance the understanding of status-based competition and of the competition for prestige. Improving on measures and methodologies of previous ...
The Nonverbal Expression of Power, Status, and Dominance

This paper reviews the nonverbal display of power, status, and dominance (PSDom). While PSDom are theoretically and often practically separate constructs, in the domain of nonverbal behaviors (NVBs) they are more often expressed similarly. Experimental research and field observations on adult humans were harvested for this review. The goals of this review were to: (1) summarize the list of reliable NVBs of PSDom (with associated references), (2) separately report those behaviors we think are associated with PSDom from those actually associated with PSDom, (3) describe the few existing distinctions between how power, status, and dominance each display NVBs and describe new reports on NVB associated with SES, social network size, and confidence, (4) address the quandary of whether the nonverbal expression of PSDom are universal across gender and culture and (5) provide a resource for researchers wishing to code nonverbal behaviors associated with PSDom.
Sex-Specific Differences in Life Span Brain Volumes in Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Numerous sex-specific differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility, disease manifestation, disability progression, inflammation, and neurodegeneration have been previously reported. Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown structural differences between female and male MS brain volumes. To determine sex-specific global and tissue-specific brain volume throughout the MS life span in a real-world large MRI database. METHODS A total of 2,199 MS patients (female/male ratio of 1,651/548) underwent structural MRI imaging on either a 1.5-T or 3-T scanner. Global and tissue-specific volumes of whole brain (WBV), white matter, and gray matter (GMV) were determined by utilizing Structural Image Evaluation using Normalisation of Atrophy Cross-sectional (SIENAX). Lateral ventricular volume (LVV) was determined with the Neurological Software Tool for REliable Atrophy Measurement (NeuroSTREAM). General linear models investigated sex and age interactions, and post hoc comparative sex analyses were performed. RESULTS Despite being age-matched with female MS patents, a greater proportion of male MS patients were diagnosed with progressive MS and had lower normalized WBV (P < .001), GMV (P < .001), and greater LVV (P < .001). In addition to significant stand-alone main effects, an interaction between sex and age had an additional effect on the LVV (F-statistics = 4.53, P = .033) and GMV (F-statistics = 4.59, P = .032). The sex and age interaction was retained in both models of LVV (F-statistics = 3.31, P = .069) and GMV (F-statistics = 6.1, P = .003) when disease subtype and disease-modifying treatment (DMT) were also included. Although male MS patients presented with significantly greater LVV and lower GMV during the early and midlife period when compared to their female counterparts (P < .001 for LVV and P < .019 for GMV), these differences were nullified in 60+ years old patients. Similar findings were seen within a subanalysis of MS patients that were not on any DMT at the time of enrollment. CONCLUSION There are sex-specific differences in the LVV and GMV over the MS life span.
Simplifying Access to the Lateral Sphenoid Recess: A Modification of the Transpterygoid Approach:

BackgroundMeningoencephaloceles originating in the lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus can be difficult to access. Historically, the endoscopic transpterygoid approach was advocated, which carries...
Nuclei Detection for 3D Microscopy With a Fully Convolutional Regression Network

Advances in three-dimensional microscopy and tissue clearing are enabling whole-organ imaging with single-cell resolution. Fast and reliable image processing tools are needed to analyze the resulting image volumes, including automated cell detection, cell counting and cell analytics. Deep learning approaches have shown promising results in two- and three-dimensional nuclei detection tasks, however detecting overlapping or non-spherical nuclei of different sizes and shapes in the presence of a blurring point spread function remains challenging and often leads to incorrect nuclei merging and splitting. Here we present a new regression-based fully convolutional network that located a thousand nuclei centroids with high accuracy in under a minute when combined with V-net, a popular three-dimensional semantic-segmentation architecture. High nuclei detection F1-scores of 95.3% and 92.5% were obtained in two different whole quail embryonic hearts, a tissue type difficult to segment because of its high cell density, and heterogeneous and elliptical nuclei. Similar high scores were obtained in the mouse brain stem, demonstrating that this approach is highly transferable to nuclei of different shapes and intensities. Finally, spatial statistics were performed on the resulting centroids. The spatial distribution of nuclei obtained by our approach most resembles the spatial distribution of manually identified nuclei, indicating that this approach could serve in future spatial analyses of cell organization.
Harnessing Gabor Wavelet Feature Localization with Diverse Machine Learning Techniques for Sonar Target Classification

We examine and quantify the impact of three Gabor wavelet orientations convolved across acoustic color magnitude spectra prior to a feature extraction and feature enumeration technique. Algorithm parameters are selected through performance metrics generated from a support vector machine trained and tested with a subset of the public domain field data. Once parameter selection is complete, three machine learning classifiers are trained and tested on a second subset of data. Comparisons between the three Gabor wavelet orientations are presented quantitatively via overall classification accuracy results and qualitatively through examination of the extracted features of a common target for all classifiers. The Gabor wavelet at two orientations were found to have an overall classification accuracy of 10% to 20% larger when compared to the remaining Gabor wavelet orientation. This superior classification accuracy is attributed to the compact feature localization when compared to the unfiltered and latter Gabor orientated acoustic color spectrograms.
OCEAN (wOmen’s Career choicEs About oNcology) Study: Motivations to pursue or not pursue academic oncology.

11040Background: Although women outnumber men in US medical school enrollment, women constitute < 50% of faculty in academic oncology. This study aimed to determine factors affecting women oncologi...
ActiviX: Noninvasive Solution to Mental Health

ActiviX is an at-home mental health support tool that aids people who suffer from mental health by encouraging them to perform small but meaningful tasks in hope of leading them to a happier life. ActiviX focuses on the self-care and productivity of users by keeping track of what important tasks they complete throughout their day. These tasks are defined by the user and can range from maintaining good hygiene to doing homework or eating three meals a day and staying hydrated. If the system detects that the user is skipping out on these tasks, ActiviX reminds the user to complete them. Additionally, if it detects that the user is doing well and their mood is improving, it will give bits of motivation to encourage them to keep up the good work.
Factors associated with retention and adherence in a comprehensive, diverse HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) clinic.

INTRODUCTION Retention in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care and adherence to PrEP has been suboptimal in some populations, despite evidence that high adherence dramatically enhances PrEP efficacy. A comprehensive PrEP Clinic with a retention specialist and clinical pharmacist could impact patient's retention and adherence in PrEP care. METHODS A retrospective electronic medical record review of patients attending an academic PrEP Clinic was conducted between 6/2018 to 6/2019 (at least one visit attended for PrEP was required). Retention was defined as a medical or lab visit every three months +/- 30 days, as recommended by CDC guidelines, but was analyzed using the number of visits and time between visits via multivariate regression analyses. PrEP adherence was calculated using a Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) and compared between patient characteristics using Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS 122 patients were identified by chart review, 96 had sufficient data for follow-up and were included in at least one analysis. The population was primarily cisgender MSM and over half were African American or Hispanic. Overall, patient retention was 43%. The retention analysis demonstrated that individuals who self-identified as gay were more likely to be retained than those who identified as heterosexual (53% vs. 18%, Hazard Ratio = 1.75, 95% C.I. = [1.01, 3.03], p = 0.045). Though not statistically significant, African Americans and cisgender women were less likely to be retained in care. The adherence analysis identified higher median MPRs among patients not reporting previous incarceration (80% vs. 35%, p 80, p=0.058). Discussion & Conclusions: Despite comprehensive PrEP clinical care, heterosexual individuals were less likely to be retained in PrEP care than those who self-identified as gay and previously incarcerated individuals were less likely to be adherent to PrEP.
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Family Partners Program: Promoting child and family-centered care in pediatrics

Involving Family Advisory Councils in decisions that impact pediatric healthcare demonstrates hospitals’ commitment to childand family-centered care. Yet, reliance on advisors as the sole source of family input has several limitations: infrequent meetings impedes the council’s capacity to address emerging concerns in a timely manner; feedback obtained from a small number of highly-engaged family members may not represent the perspectives of “typical” patients and families; advisors provide feedback in a r identification or the initial development of solutions. In recognition of the need to strengthen and advance family partnerships, the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia made significant st expand the family centered care model. The Family Partners Program, a component of the broader family centered care portfolio, is a centralized institution-wide resource that enables practitioners, researcher collaborate with trained family representatives. This paper describes the Family Partner Program infrastructure; approaches to recruiting, onboarding, training, and mentoring parents and caregivers; and the many ways that Famil Partners promote the core principles of child contexts.
Using professional certification criteria to assess occupational safety curricula in degree programs investigating accreditation

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a novel assessment method developed to determine if the curriculum from two separate safety degree programs provided sufficient opportunity for students to obtain the knowledge required for professional practice in occupational safety. The method relies on the Board of Certified Safety Professionals (BCSP) examination blueprints. In the graduate program case study, over 88% of the BCSP criteria were met through an explicit means and up to 64% through assignments or better. Aggregating criteria into respective subject areas showed that the curriculum covered anywhere from 58% to 100% of the items within each BCSP topic. In the undergraduate case study, over 96% of the BCSP criteria through an explicit means, and 82.8% of knowledge items were assessed in assignments, exams or better. Aggregating criteria into respective subject areas showed that the curriculum covered anywhere from 75% to 100% of the items within each BCSP topic. Once briefed on the results, all faculty/instructors agreed that the approach helped identify strengths and weaknesses in their current curriculum. Most importantly, presentation of results acted as a catalyst for curricular discussions amongst the faculty that resulted in improvement priorities and a better understanding of student learning potential in course assignments. DOI: 10.18870/hlrc.v3i2.113
The Search for Social Support

As we demonstrated in Chapter 6, mothers often seek support from others as a way of coping with newborn intensive care. Their need for support can sometimes be met by professionals, but appropriate supportive services are not always available. Thus, parents may need to rely heavily on their informal support network, securing help from their spouse, other relatives, and friends. Unfortunately, whereas the birth of a healthy child usually stimulates social contact and increases opportunities for support (Belsky, 1983), the birth of a sick or premature infant may reduce parents’ usual level of support, and worse, may disrupt close interpersonal relationships (Zarling, Hirsch, & Landry, 1988). The theme of this chapter is how other people figure in parents’ ability to adapt to the hospitalization and homecoming of medically fragile infants. We analyze how mothers’ satisfaction with support providers, need for support, interpersonal conflicts, and social isolation contributed to their adaptation.
The international price-earnings ratio phenomenon

Abstract The PE ratio is an important estimator of value in the US equity markets. However, there seem to be large differences between PE ratios in the US and Japan. It turns out that the differences can be reduced, on average, by adjustments to earnings due to differences in depreciation, leverage and ownership policies in the two countries. Further, it turns out that, different from the US market, net book value appears more stable than earnings as a measure of market values in Japan. This difference is reduced when policy differences are accounted for in the analysis. Further, perceived differences between the two markets seem to be narrowing.
When Groups Meet: The Dynamics of Intergroup Contact

1. The Origins of Intergroup Contact Theory. 2. Does Intergroup Contact Typically Reduce Intergroup Prejudice? 3. Do Intergroup Contact Effects Generalize? 4. Are the Effects of Intergroup Contact Universal? 5. When Does Intergroup Contact Reduce Prejudice? 6. How Does Intergroup Contact Reduce Prejudice? 7. Does Intergroup Contact Reduce All Aspects of Prejudice? 8. Does Cross-Group Friendship Play a Special Role in Reducing Prejudice? 9. Does Group Status Moderate Contact Effects? 10. Intergroup Contact as One of Many Predictors of Prejudice. 11. Criticisms of Intergroup Contact Theory. 12. When Intergroup Contact Fails. 13. Summing Up and Looking to the Future.
The Dynamic Bacterial Genome

The model of a static bacterial chromosome arose from early comparisons of the genetic maps of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Analyses of complete genome sequences by several methods revealed that the differences in gene content were the result of two complementary processes: the gain of new genes by horizontal gene transfer from distantly related organisms, and the loss of ancestral genes from descendent lineages. Directional mutation pressures provide a distinct ‘‘fingerprint’’ to a bacterial genome owing to the differential mutational proclivities of DNA polymerases, the nature and number of mismatch correction systems, the numbers and abundances of tRNA species, and even relative concentrations of precursor nucleotide pools. Thus, genes which appear atypical in their current genomic context may reflect the direction pressures of a donor genome. Aside from changes in gene content, gene order has also been found to be more plastic than once assumed. Mechanisms for DNA rearrangement are well known and have been well measured in the laboratory. Yet despite the opportunities for chromosomal rearrangement, the genetic maps of E. coli and S. enterica seemed to be largely congruent, save the inversion about the terminus of replication. The genome, with all its dynamic parts, steers the organism into the environmental space it is best suited to exploit. Rather than a stale collection of genes having reached optimal performance after billions of years of evolution, one may view a bacterial genome as an ever-changing consortium of genes which cooperate in perpetuating their host organism.
Making Little Angels

Nancy Scheper-Hughes Death without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. xii. 614 pp.
Indicators of Chemical Stressor Levels Derived from Population Time Series: A Retrospective Modeling Approach

Transient and asymptotic behavior of a physiologically structured, chemically stressed, individually based Daphnia population model developed for assessment purposes is investigated. An analysis employing this model as a foundation is performed to determine indicators for the magnitude of chemical stress. Using summary statistics, such as total population biomass and total population size time-series data, various approaches, including dynamical systems methodology and a technique based on the mean and variance of total population biomass, were used to generate indicators from these data that could specify the concentration of chemical producing the observed Daphnia population dynamics. In this model setting, only the last approach exhibits promise for identifying indicators of chemical stress.
Clawbacks: Prospective Contract Measures in an Era of Excessive Executive Compensation and Ponzi Schemes

In the spring of 2009, public outcry erupted over the multi-million dollar bonuses paid to AIG executives even as the company was receiving TARP funds. Various measures were proposed in response, including a 90% retroactive tax on the bonuses, which the media described as a "clawback." Separately, the term "clawback" was also used to refer to remedies potentially available to investors defrauded in the multi-billion dollar Ponzi scheme run by Bernard Madoff. While the media and legal commentators have used the term "clawback" reflexively, the concept has yet to be fully analyzed. In this article, we propose a doctrine of clawbacks that accounts for these seemingly variant usages. In the process, we distinguish between retroactive and prospective clawback provisions, and explore the implications of such provisions for contract law in general. Ultimately, we advocate writing prospective clawback terms into contracts directly, or implying them through default rules where possible, including via potential amendments to the law of securities regulation. We believe that such prospective clawbacks will result in more accountability for executive compensation, reduce inequities among investors in certain frauds, and overall have a salutary effect upon corporate governance.
The social-ecological context of media use and school success

Theseassociations may be due to the improved employment andﬁnancial opportunities that high academic achievementallows, but there are likely other explanatory variables--- such as family functioning, child intellectual or self-regulation abilities, stress associated with chronic poverty,or premorbid mental health conditions, which inﬂuenceboth academic achievement and later outcomes. Regard-less, identiﬁcation of potentially modiﬁable contributors toschool achievement is worthwhile, as improving a child’sacademic trajectory has important life course relevance.A growing literature has examined physical activityas a predictor of school success, with good reason:laboratory-based studiessuggestthatboutsofhigh-intensityphysical activity can improve immediate cognitive func-tioning, such as impulse inhibition and working memory.
Sex hormones and aging.

Many medications have been suggested which may diminish the effects of aging on various tissues in the body. Particularly notable have been the interventions into the characteristic changes involving the skin, sensory, cardiovascular and neurologic systems, all of which have been considered to abrogate the declining intracellular metabolic maintenance. Intervention by the use of sex hormones is more definitive and serves multiple systems. The hormones have peripheral somatic action but the major known responses deal with primary and secondary sexual tissues.
A low frequency assignment for infrared and Raman spectra of (+) bornyl acetate using related compounds and deuterated derivatives

Abstract Twenty-one fundamentals of (+)-bornyl acetate and nine deuterium substituted modifications (2- d 1 ; 3,3- d 2 ; 2,3,3- d 3 ; acetate- d 3 ; 2- d 1 acetate- d 3 ; 3,3- d 2 acetate- d 3 ; 2,3,3- d 3 acetate- d 3 ; 10- d 1 ; 10,10,10- d 3 ) as well as (−)-isobornyl-1-10,10.10- d 3 acetate have been assigned between 200 and 850cm −1 . These results supplement the previous assignment of nineteen fundamentals of (−)-isobornyl acetate and seven deuterium substituted modifications (2- d 1 ,; 3,3- d 2 ; 2,3,3- d 3 ; acetate- d 3 ; 2- d 1 acetate- d 3 ; 3,3- d 2 acetate- d 3 ; 2,3,3- d 3 acetate- d 3 ) between 200 and 900cm −1 [8]. These fundamentals are: skeletal vibrations of the quaternary carbons, ring breathing, bending, and twisting vibrations, and vibrations of the acetate group. Key model compounds used in this analysis are norbornane, neopentane, methyl acetate, cyclopentanol, and the (−)-isobornyl acetate system. A series of related compounds (norbornane, bornane, endo-norbomyl acetate, 1-methyl-endo-norbornyl acetate, apobornyl acetate, and (+)-bornyl acetate) is used to identify frequencies associated with the quaternary carbon and the acetate group. Raman spectra are more useful for the quaternary carbon frequencies and i.r. spectra are more useful for acetate group frequencies. Four exo stereoisomer alcohols (1-methyl-exo-norborneol, 1-methy d 3 -exonorborneoI, apoisoborneol, (−)-isoborneol) and three endo stereoisomer alcohols (1-methyl-endo-norborneol, apoborneol, (+)-borneol) serve as model compounds for a modification of the earlier assignment [8] for the skeletal stretching of the quaternary carbons in the (−)-isobornyl acetate system and extension of this modified assignment to the (+)-bornyl acetate system. Quaternary carbon symmetric skeletal stretching is believed to be responsible for prominent Raman bands between 580 and 680cm −1 in the 36 bicyclic ring compounds investigated to date. Fermi resonance is proposed as the explanation for a number of unexpected intensity patterns observed in the i.r. and Raman spectra.
Structural dynamics of clusters near melting

Unlike their bulk counterparts, clusters show a smooth transition from a low-temperature solidlike to a high-temperature liquidlike phase. Previous studies have established the variation of maximum Lyapunov exponent and the presence of 1/f noise in the power spectra of potential energy fluctuation as ``dynamical indicators'' of this transition. Here we propose that the coexistence can be efficiently studied using the self-part of the dynamic structure factor (DSF). To support our claim, we present molecular dynamics simulation results for the ${\mathrm{Ar}}_{13}$ cluster. We find that the spectral features of the DSF are strongly wavelength dependent and its long time behavior is anomalous, a result of the dynamic excursion between the two coexisting phases. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Prooxidant-initiated lipid peroxidation in isolated rat hepatocytes: detection of 4-hydroxynonenal- and malondialdehyde-protein adducts.

Toxicity associated with prooxidant-mediated hepatic lipid peroxidation is postulated to originate from the interaction of the aldehydic end products of lipid peroxidation with cellular constituents. The principal α,β-unsaturated aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA), are known to modify proteins through covalent alkylation of lysine, histidine, and cysteine amino acid residues. To detect and characterize the formation of 4-HNE- and MDA-adducted proteins during prooxidant-initiated lipid peroxidation, rabbit polyclonal antibodies were raised to 4-HNE-sulfhydryl, dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-4-HNE-sulfhydryl, and MDA-amine conjugates of keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Each antiserum displayed high antibody titers to either 4-HNE-metallothionein, DNPH-albumin, or MDA-albumin adducts when measured by ELISA. To study the formation of 4-HNE- and MDA-protein adducts during prooxidant-initiated cellular injury, isolated hepatocytes were exposed to eithe...
Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures with Known Field Performance: Evaluated with Dynamic Analysis and Crack Growth Model

Moisture damage in asphalt mixtures refers to loss in strength and durability due to the presence of water. The level and the extent of moisture damage, also called moisture susceptibility, depend on environmental, construction, and pavement design factors; internal structure distribution; and the quality and type of materials used in the asphalt mixture. This study evaluates the moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures with known field performance using dynamic analysis and a crack growth model to characterize the asphalt mixtures and corresponding asphalt mastics. The model parameters were obtained from surface energy measurements, uniaxial dynamic testing for the asphalt mixtures, and dynamic shear testing for the asphalt mastics. Results showed good differentiation between the moisture-conditioned (wet) and unconditioned (dry) specimen behavior and provided a good correlation with the reported field performance of the asphalt mixtures.
Reprint of “Post-buckling analysis for the precisely controlled buckling of thin film encapsulated by elastomeric substrates” [In. J. Solids Struct. 45 (2008) 2014–2023]

Abstract The precisely controlled buckling of stiff thin films (e.g., Si or GaAs nano ribbons) on the patterned surface of elastomeric substrate (e.g., poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)) with periodic inactivated and activated regions was designed by Sun et al. [Sun, Y., Choi, W.M., Jiang, H., Huang, Y.Y., Rogers, J.A., 2006. Controlled buckling of semiconductor nanoribbons for stretchable electronics. Nature Nanotechnology 1, 201–207] for important applications of stretchable electronics. We have developed a post-buckling model based on the energy method for the precisely controlled buckling to study the system stretchability. The results agree with Sun et al.’s (2006) experiments without any parameter fitting, and the system can reach 120% stretchability.