cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Insect growth regulators for the control of aquatic midges.

In laboratory, Altosid™ (Isopropyl 11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate) was the most effective compound tested against OP-resistant and susceptible Chironomus species. This material also was effective against larvae of Chironomus stigmaterus Say and Tanypus grodhausi (Sublette) taken from sewage oxidation ponds and treated in the laboratory. Two slow-release encapsulated flowable formulations of Altosid at 0.2 and 0.1 ppm concn showed excellent activity against midges of the genera Chironomus, Procladius, and Tanytarsus in small box plots and in field breeding ponds. Both proved superior to the emulsifiable formulations in terms of initial suppression and residual activity. The 2 slow-release and EC formulations were studied in a warm-water lake (5–6 ft deep) where 4–8 acre portions were treated. Slow-release formulations produced good to excellent inhibition of emergence of adults for a period of 1–2 weeks. The 10% slow-release yielded greater initial and short-term inhibition of emergence at 0.25 lb/acre AI than 0.1 1b/acre. Emulsifiable concentrate formulation yielded lower initial and short-term inhibition of emergence than the 10% slow-release formulation.
The Solubility of Th(IV) and U(IV) Hydrous Oxides in Concentrated Nahco3 and Na2Co3 Solutions

The solubility of Th(IV) and U(IV) hydrous oxide was studied in the aqueous HCO3 −-CO3 2−-OH−-H2O system extending to high concentration. The solubility of the Th(IV) and U(IV) hydrous oxides increases dramatically in both high bicarbonate and carbonate solutions and decreases with the increase in hydroxide at a fixed carbonate concentration. In general, the observed solubility of Th(IV) hydrous oxide at a given total carbonate concentration was three to four orders of magnitude higher than the solubility of U(IV) hydrous oxide. In the studies of the U(IV) system, extreme caution was used to ensure that the dissolved U was present as U(IV). Oxidation state analyses and systematic trends in the U(IV) solubility data similar to those for Th(IV), which is not redox sensitive, indicated that the dissolved U was present as U(IV).
TWO-WAY UNWEIGHTED MEANS ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE USING SUMMARY STATISTICS '

A method for computing a two-way unweighted means analysis of variance using summary statistics is presented.
Putting Torture (And Valerius Maximus) To The Test

There has been a tendency, even among authors who have regarded Valerius Maximus as worthy of independent study, to use the Facta et Dicta as a neutral conduit of information about other wider areas. Valerius has thus sometimes become a sourcebook mined for nuggets of information but effectively invisible to those who work it. The past thirty years have seen valuable contributions that raise awareness of the importance of the genre of the Facta et Dicta and (to a lesser extent) the personal input of Valerius, but traces of the ‘conduit’ approach are still preserved in some authors’ attempts to justify their study of the work. For instance, Valerius provides an insight into the historical image of Marius, and is valuable precisely because he has no opinion or personal ideas to offer, because he preserves the language of school rhetoric, because his collection gives us strictly conventional material about religion, because he presents an unadulterated mirror-image of imperial policy and propaganda and because he is ‘middle-brow’ and thus depicts common attitudes. The text has also sometimes been studied for what it reveals about Early Imperial Latin, non-Republican culture and the organisation of Roman knowledge. Most recently, Tara Welch has argued that Valerius deliberately strips exempla of all authorial input, including his own, in an attempt to make himself a conduit for traditio. Alternatively, study of the text is justified by interest in the time period in which it was written.
Shock Loading of IFE Reactor Cooling Tubes

Many inertial confinement fusion (ICF) reactor designs incorporate a bank of cooling tubes as the first structural wall. These tubes provide important functions such as heat transfer and fuel breeding and must endure the cyclic impact of the shock waves formed from reaction of the fuel. Shock tube experiments and parallel numerical studies are conducted for shock waves incident on banks of instrumented cylinders meant to simulate the first wall of cooling tubes. Images of diffracted shocks, cylinder surface pressure traces, and calculated force distributions describe the interaction between the shock and the bank of cylinders. The numerical model shows good agreement with the experimental data.
Liver Abscess Drainage

This section provides a comprehensive procedural report for liver abscess drainage procedure with up-to-date explanatory notes, synopsis of the indications, and contraindications and potential complications in an organized and practical format.
Probability Concepts and Probability Distributions

This chapter reviews basic notions of probability (or “stochastic variability”) which is the formal study of the laws of chance, i.e., where the ambiguity in outcome is inherent in the nature of the process itself. Both the primary views of probability, namely the frequentist (or classical) and the Bayesian, are covered, and some of the important probability distributions are presented. Finally, an effort is made to explain how probability is different from statistics, and to present different views of probability concepts such as absolute, relative and subjective probabilities.
Albania and Israel: Survivor Nations with a Common Heritage and a Common Future

(2012). Albania and Israel: Survivor Nations with a Common Heritage and a Common Future. Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 111-114.
Organic chemistry can sizzle

Experienced chemists know that chemistry is all around them. Helping students to see the connections between real life and concepts of organic chemistry is the driving force behind the development of a set of online resources pioneered at UCLA.
Abstract 497: Cholesterol and Toll-like Receptor Signaling Are Important Regulators of Macrophage Interactions with Atherosclerotic Lipoprotein Aggregates

Macrophages encounter deposits of aggregated low-density lipoproteins (agLDL) in the subendothelial space of blood vessels during the first stages of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Notably, current models for the mechanism of macrophage internalization of cholesterol in early atherosclerotic plaques are incomplete due to the lack of attention paid to the unique cellular mechanisms that are required for macrophages to degrade aggregates of LDL in particular, which can comprise >90% of the LDL in atherosclerotic plaques. In fact, internalization of cholesterol from cholesteryl esters in agLDL involves the development of intriguing cellular processes in which extracellular acidic compartments, lysosomal synapses (LSs), are formed whereby agLDL is partially degraded prior to internalization. This process requires extensive cytoskeletal rearrangements and secretion of lysosomal enzymes responsible for hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters from the agLDL. Subsequent delivery of free cholesterol from agLDL to the macrophage plasma membrane is central for development of the LS. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanism underlying initiation and propagation of the LS are currently largely unknown. This research proposal aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of LS formation and the role that cholesterol plays in eliciting these morphological responses to agLDL. Fluorescence microscopy assays were used to identify activation of TLR4 and downstream signaling involving PI3K and Akt as important events leading to LS formation. Furthermore, morphological responses of macrophages to cholesterol overloading require overlapping signaling pathways, indicating the role of interplay of cholesterol and TLR4 signaling in development of this novel macrophage interaction with aggregated LDL found in plaques. Identification of specific molecular pathways involved in this process will not only contribute to the basic understanding of one of the primary cellular processes contributing to atherosclerosis, one of the primary causes of heart disease, but also provide tangible molecular targets for the ultimate development of therapies.
Fast Anion Defect Recovery through Superionic-Type Hopping Displacements in UO2 Following Radiation

UO2 transforms into a superionic conductor at temperatures in excess of 2000 K with oxygen ions becoming mobile and exhibiting collective diffusive dynamics. While the response of UO2 to irradiation is of current interest, the possible impact of superionic characteristics on defect dynamics and recovery following radiation has not been explored yet. In the current work, we use atomistic simulations to elucidate the short-time dynamical response of stoichiometric UO2 subjected to low energy radiation knocks. We observe that the oxygen ions exhibit a collective behavior that is characterized by frequent hopping across their native lattice sites and forming quasi-one-dimensional string-like structures, which are typical of the superionic state. Approximately, a quarter of the displaced oxygen ions dynamically recover through concerted string-like displacements. Our simulations thus suggest a plausible correlation between defect recovery of irradiated UO2 and the characteristic superionic hopping mechanism among the oxygen ions.
Characterization of the chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing fluids for wells located in the Marcellus Shale Play

Hydraulic fracturing, coupled with the advances in horizontal drilling, has been used for recovering oil and natural gas from shale formations and has aided in increasing the production of these energy resources. The large volumes of hydraulic fracturing fluids used in this technology contain chemical additives, which may be toxic organics or produce toxic degradation byproducts. This paper investigated the chemicals introduced into the hydraulic fracturing fluids for completed wells located in Pennsylvania and West Virginia from data provided by the well operators. The results showed a total of 5071 wells, with average water volumes of 5,383,743 ± 2,789,077 gal (mean ± standard deviation). A total of 517 chemicals was introduced into the formulated hydraulic fracturing fluids. Of the 517 chemicals listed by the operators, 96 were inorganic compounds, 358 chemicals were organic species, and the remaining 63 cannot be identified. Many toxic organics were used in the hydraulic fracturing fluids. Some of them are carcinogenic, including formaldehyde, naphthalene, and acrylamide. The degradation of alkylphenol ethoxylates would produce more toxic, persistent, and estrogenic intermediates. Acrylamide monomer as a primary degradation intermediate of polyacrylamides is carcinogenic. Most of the chemicals appearing in the hydraulic fracturing fluids can be removed when adopting the appropriate treatments.
Wanted: UX Specialist with Reference Preparation or Reference Classes Assist Students in Preparing for UX Careers

ABSTRACTOne of the most versatile and dynamic career paths available to information specialists is that of UX or user experiences. Graduate students seeking careers in UX may benefit by enrolling in and completing a basic reference class. This article provides support for this option through the reflections of a faculty member teaching reference courses, a UX specialist who was one of her students, and the director of career services who helps students and apply for UX positions and others in the information fields.
A Bibliography of William Wordsworth 1787–1930: Editorial Titles of Wordsworth's Poems

Here may be viewed the chequered spectacle of editorial titles for poems, in the printings treated in Section A, that WW chose to leave without titles or titled differently, and lines of descent may be traced of frequently repeated editorial titles. Probably editors of unauthorized and posthumous journal reprints and multi-author anthologies, which are not treated in this bibliography, were still more prolific and free-wheeling in inventions of such titles, and almost certainly those editors originated some of the titles listed below; but equally certainly they appropriated titles from those listed below. The editors of these books undoubtedly thought that their titles would assist WW, his poems, and his readers, but at some level of a reader's consciousness they affected, and in some cases still do affect, interpretation of the poems, arguably at times in ways that WW would not have wished. To recognize them and their possible influence may also assist WW, his poems, and his readers. Compilation of this list came to me as a late calling. When called, I attempted to review the materials that I had already covered for other purposes, perhaps about a third of the total. The review was probably not free of oversights; but some omissions are deliberate. These include most editorial titles for groups of poems. Those are reported in section A. Also omitted are most editorial titles of excerpts (prolonged narrative quotations from Book I of Exc are noted).
Steps in the formation of active derivatives of staphylococcal nuclease during trypsin digestion.

Abstract A staphylococcal nuclease (strain Foggi), very similar in chemical structure to the enzyme from strain V8, is cleaved in a limited way by trypsin in the presence of deoxythymidine-3',5'-diphosphate and Ca++. Such treatment yields fragments P1 (residues 1 to 5), P2 (residues 6 to 48), P3 (P3a, residues 49 to 149; and P3b, 50 to 149), and free lysine (residue 49). None of the products shows enzymatic activity. However, Fragments P2 and P3 (either P3a or P3b) associate to form an active, noncovalently bonded derivative, nuclease-T. Evidence is presented to show that the cleavage of the peptide bonds in nuclease between residues 48 and 49 or between 49 and 50, but not the bond between residues 5 and 6, account for the decreased enzymatic activity and heat stability observed with nuclease-T.
A comparative study of ascorbic acid entry into aqueous and vitreous humors of the rat and guinea pig

The transport rates of radiolabeled ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid, as well as, labeled 3-O-methyl-D-glucose and L-glucose from a central plasma compartment into aqueous and vitreous humors and cerebrospinal fluid were studied in vivo. Normal, male albino Sprague-Dawley rats and English Short Haired guinea pigs were used to explore the mechanism of ascorbic acid entry into ocular humors in a species that can produce ascorbate (the rat) and one that cannot and, like humans, is dependent on dietary sources (the guinea pig). In vivo kinetic studies allowed for the calculation of entry rate constants, Ki (min-1), in double-labeled experiments using L-glucose as an internal passive control. Parallel TLC chromatographic studies were performed to monitor intraocular labeled molecules deriving from the plasma-introduced test molecule. In addition, resting levels of ascorbic acid and D-glucose were determined in order to obtain more reliable data than previously available. Resting levels of D-glucose revealed a consistent pattern of lower levels in aqueous and vitreous humors and CSF than found in plasma for both rat and guinea pig. However, ascorbate levels differed significantly, with the guinea pig demonstrating high ascorbate levels in the aforementioned humors: 58, 77 and 22, respectively, times the circulating plasma value of 0.2 +/- 0.2 mg/dl. In contrast, the rat, like the guinea pig, had low plasma ascorbate levels (3.3 +/- 0.8 mg/dl) compared to glucose (162 +/- 8 mg/dl), with even lower aqueous and vitreous values in a pattern similar to that of D-glucose. In vivo aqueous, vitreous and CSF transport results from the guinea pig indicate active transport mechanisms for ascorbic acid that prefer the ascorbate over the dehydroascorbate moiety and are probably different from the carrier-facilitated diffusion mechanisms for D-glucose, which do not move molecules against a concentration gradient. TLC studies, performed under nitrogen, revealed that only (14C)-ascorbic acid was present in aqueous or vitreous humors regardless of whether the radiolabeled pulse was of ascorbic or dehydroascorbic acid. The rat demonstrated little or no carrier involvement, with ascorbic acid crossing into ocular humors at rates very close to those of L-glucose, which is similar in size and is considered to cross the barriers studied via passive diffusion. Saturation studies with unlabeled glucose and glucose inhibitor drugs phloretin (10(-3) M) and phloridzin (10(-1)) had no apparent effect on ocular entry rates. Dehydroascorbic acid movement was also found to be passive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Structure and Magnetism of Mn5Ge3 Nanoparticles

In this work, we investigated the magnetic and structural properties of isolated Mn5Ge3 nanoparticles prepared by the cluster-beam deposition technique. Particles with sizes between 7.2 and 12.6 nm were produced by varying the argon pressure and power in the cluster gun. X-ray diffraction (XRD)and selected area diffraction (SAD) measurements show that the nanoparticles crystallize in the hexagonal Mn5Si3-type crystal structure, which is also the structure of bulk Mn5Ge3. The temperature dependence of the magnetization shows that the as-made particles are ferromagnetic at room temperature and have slightly different Curie temperatures. Hysteresis-loop measurements show that the saturation magnetization of the nanoparticles increases significantly with particle size, varying from 31 kA/m to 172 kA/m when the particle size increases from 7.2 to 12.6 nm. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant K at 50 K, determined by fitting the high-field magnetization data to the law of approach to saturation, also increases with particle size, from 0.4 × 105 J/m3 to 2.9 × 105 J/m3 for the respective sizes. This trend is mirrored by the coercivity at 50 K, which increases from 0.04 T to 0.13 T. A possible explanation for the magnetization trend is a radial Ge concentration gradient.
A STUDY OF THE ENDOGENOUS MOLONEY RELATED SEQUENCES OF MICE

ABSTRACT Mouse cells carry DNA sequences related to murine C-type viruses in multiple copies. If mouse cell DNA is cleaved with EcoRI (which cleaves most known MuLV DNA's none or only a few times), a large number of MuLV-related restriction fragments are observed, indicating that the endogenous MuLV-related sequences consist of many copies in a large number of chromosomal sites. Digestion of uninfected mouse cell DNA with Kpn I resulted in a greatly simplified pattern of MuLV-related fragments, suggesting that the endogenous MuLV-related sequences consist of a small number of retrovirus-like organizations integrated into many different chromosomal sites. Sequential digestion with Kpn I and EcoRI indicated that three major classes of MuLV-related sequence organizations exist. Comparison of several inbred mouse strains as well as a feral isolate suggest that most of the MuLV-related sequence organizations were introduced into the germline of mice prior to the divergence of the animals studied.
Information Processing: Amacrine Cells

Amacrine cells (ACs) are multipolar retinal neurons branching within the inner plexiform layer of the retina to collect and decode bipolar cell (BC) signals, recoding them as synaptic release patterns of 4-aminobutyrate (gamma aminobutyric acid), glycine, and other neurotransmitters to modulate the activity of ganglion cells (GCs). There are numerous AC classes in the mammalian retina, reflecting the complex signal processing that shapes the trigger features of different GCs: motion, direction, orientation, form, and color. Though much is known about the morphology and neurochemistry of ACs, the topologies of their micronetworks are, however, crudely characterized.
Folate status of adolescents: effects of folic acid supplementation.

This study was designed to determine the folate status of an adolescent population and to demonstrate the effect of folic acid supplementation on subjects with low folate status. In phase one, folate status was evaluated in a biracial sample of 164 adolescents 12 to 15 years old. Socioeconomic, demographic, anthropometric, and 7-day food record data were collected, and serum and erythrocyte folate levels were determined. Thirty-five adolescents considered to have had low folate status 6 months earlier participated in phase two, a 2-month supplementation period and reevaluation. No racial differences were observed in folate status, as indicated by amount of folate in the blood and diet. Boys had significantly (p less than .05) higher folate levels in serum and erythrocytes than did girls. Thirteen percent of the boys and 40% of the girls were folate deficient as judged by amount of erythrocyte folate less than 317 nmol/L (140 ng/mL). The folate-deficient subjects had significantly (p less than .05) lower values of hemoglobin than did the normal subjects. Seventeen percent of the boys and 42% of the girls had folate intakes below the recommended dietary allowance for folate. Supplementation of 400 micrograms folic acid daily for 2 months resulted in significant (P less than .05) increases in serum folate, erythrocyte folate, and hemoglobin values and a decrease in mean corpuscular volume. Evidence of high prevalence of low folate status, positive relationship between erythrocyte folate and hemoglobin, and responses of hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume to the supplement indicated that folate consumption may not be optimal in some groups of adolescents, especially in girls.
Implementing Outcome-based Care in Pediatric Psychiatry: Early Results and Overcoming Barriers.

Background Poor utilization of standardized outcome measures for monitoring patient care and progress in mental health services is evident. The objective of this work was to implement computerized diagnostic and history assessments for outpatient mental health visits in the ambulatory psychiatric clinic of a large pediatric health system. Methods A computerized assessment system was created for the iPad to administer and score a series of validated diagnostics before new patient and follow-up appointments with a psychiatry provider. Outcome measures were a percentage of completed assessments, provider satisfaction, and patient satisfaction. Results Across all outpatient psychiatry clinics, screener completion rate for new patients increased from 0% to 90% within 1 year of implementation and sustained within 3σ process control limits for 2 years. Return visit assessment completion increased from 0% to 80%. The most substantial completion rate increase was related to scheduling assessment time as part of the visit. Assessment of provider and patient satisfaction through surveys before and after the implementation showed 94% of providers felt that visit efficiency had improved, and overall opinion of the system was highly positive. Patients also reported high satisfaction with the assessment process (4.1 on Likert scale 0-5, 5 = very positive). Conclusions This quality improvement program demonstrates strategies for overcoming barriers to the use of standardized assessments in outpatient psychiatry. We show that a large pediatric mental health system can achieve systematic outcome data collection with minimal disruption to routine clinical care.
Influence of self-referential mode on memory for aMCI patients

One's concept of the self can act as a schema, in some cases facilitating memory performance but in other cases making memory more prone to errors. In this study, we attempted to induce long-lasting self-reference effects through an autobiographical mode in younger and older adults, as well as patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), predicting that a self-referential mode of thought would benefit memory. Participants first either recalled autobiographical memories or described three neutral photographs in a narrative condition. This was followed by a conventional self-referencing task. At retrieval, participants completed a recognition task. Contrary to our prediction, the self-referencing benefit emerged consistently under autobiographical and narrative modes across all groups. Although our findings indicate that self-referencing can benefit memory, it carries the risk of increasing false alarm rates when induced through an autobiographical mode and consequently the strategy should be utilized with caution.
Klf14 is an imprinted transcription factor that regulates placental growth

Abstract Introduction Imprinted genes are preferentially expressed from one parentally inherited allele, and many are crucial to the regulation of placental function and fetal growth. Murine Kruppel-like factor 14 (Klf14) is a maternally expressed imprinted transcription factor that is a component of the Mest imprinted gene cluster on mouse chromosome 6. We sought to determine if loss of Klf14 expression alters the course of normal mouse extraembryonic development. We also used high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to identify a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in placentas with loss of Klf14. Methods We generated a Klf14 knockout (Klf14null) mouse using recombineering and transgenic approaches. To identify DEGs in the mouse placenta we compared mRNA transcriptomes derived from 17.5dpc Klf14matKO and wild-type littermate placentas by RNAseq. Candidate DEGs were confirmed with quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR) on an independent cohort of male and female gestational age matched Klf14matKO placentas. Results We found that 17.5dpc placentas inheriting a maternal null allele (Klf14matKO) had a modest overgrowth phenotype and a near complete ablation of Klf14 expression. However, there was no effect on fetal growth. We identified 20 DEGs differentially expressed in Klf14matKO placentas by RNAseq, and subsequently validated five that are highly upregulated (Begain, Col26a1, Fbln5, Gdf10, and Nell1) by qPCR. The most enriched functional gene-networks included those classified as regulating cellular development and metabolism. Conclusion These results suggest that loss of the maternal Klf14 locus in the mouse placenta acts results in changes in gene expression patterns that modulate placental growth.
Regionally Distinct Alterations in Membrane Phospholipid Metabolism in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.

Abstract Background Existing data on altered membrane phospholipid metabolism in schizophrenia are diverse. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies of phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a noninvasive imaging approach that can assess molecular biochemistry of cortex by measuring phosphomonoester (PME) and phosphodiester (PDE) levels, which can provide evidence of altered biochemical processes involved in neuropil membrane expansion and contraction in schizophrenia. Methods We analyzed PME and PDE data in the frontal and temporal lobes in subjects with schizophrenia from 24 peer-reviewed publications using the MAVIS package in R by building random- and fixed-effects models. Heterogeneity of effect sizes, effects of publication bias, and file drawer analysis were also assessed. Results Subjects with schizophrenia showed lower PME levels in the frontal regions (p = .008) and elevated PDE levels in the temporal regions (p Conclusions Despite methodological differences, these phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies demonstrate regionally specific imbalance in membrane phospholipid metabolism related to neuropil in subjects with schizophrenia compared with control subjects reflecting neuropil contraction. Specifically, decreased PME levels in the frontal regions and elevated PDE levels in the temporal regions provide evidence of decreased synthesis and increased degradation of neuropil membrane, respectively. Notwithstanding significant heterogeneity and publication bias, a large number of negative studies are required to render the results of this meta-analysis nonsignificant. These findings warrant further postmortem and animal studies.
Sea Surface Salinity Retrievals from Aquarius Using Neural Networks

Even though the Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) retrieved from Aquarius are generally very close to in-situ measurements, the level of similarity varies with the region and with the circumstances of the observations (wind speed, sea surface temperature, etc.). SSS is currently retrieved from the brightness temperatures measured by Aquarius and applying the current theoretical model for the propagation and emission of the natural thermal radiation. In this contribution we consider an alternative retrieval approach based on a Neural Network (NN) with the goal of improving the subsets of Aquarius SSS data that are in poorer agreement with in-situ measurements. The subset considered here are the SSS retrieved at latitudes higher than 30˚. The output of the NN approach are compared against in-situ measurements using four statistical metrics (correlation coefficient, bias, RMSD and 5% trimmed range). The output of the NN and the nominal Aquarius SSS are compared against SSS values from in-situ measurements and from ocean models. From these comparisons it appears that the output of the NN matches the in-situ measurements better than the nominal Aquarius SSS.
Carcinoma in situ of the vagina

Abstract The records of 62 patients with carcinoma in situ of the vagina treated at the Mayo Clinic have been reviewed. In only 7 instances was the vaginal lesion the sole neoplasm in the lower genital tract. All of the remaining patients had carcinoma in the cervix or vulva, simultaneously with the vaginal neoplasm in 31 and preceding it in 24. Results of the histopathologic studies support the theory of multicentric origin of squamous carcinoma of the cervix, vagina, and vulva. Various treatments were used, encompassing standard surgical or radiologic techniques, or combinations of both. Recurrence of carcinoma in situ of the vagina has been recognized in 8 patients. Invasive carcinoma ultimately developed in 3 patients whose initial lesions were preinvasive. The need for periodic follow-up examination and cytologic smear is emphasized.
Climate variability and their impact on the spatio-temporal organization of precipitation. Case of the wadi Mikkes and Fez watersheds. Morocco

Morocco is characterized by a predominantly semi-arid climate with a strong Mediterranean influence. However, semi-arid and Mediterranean regions should be particularly vulnerable to climate change. A change in rainfall should result in a change in water availability. The plain of Sais presents a zone of great water potential, unfortunately, very solicited by a very consuming agricultural activity. This article aims to decipher the impact of climate change on water resources in the study area, draining two adjacent watersheds: Oued Fez in the East (879 km²) and Mikkes in the West (1513 km²). These two watersheds originate at the level of the Causes of the Middle Atlas and cross the plain of Sais towards the Prerifaines wrinkles. Several statistical methods are adopted to achieve our goal.
The Role of Ligand–Ligand Interactions in Multimodal Ligand Conformational Equilibria and Surface Pattern Formation

Multimodal chromatography uses multiple modes of interaction such as charge, hydrophobic, or hydrogen bonding to separate proteins. Recently, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to show that ligands immobilized on surfaces can interact and associate with neighboring ligands to form hydrophobic and charge patches, which may have important implications for the nature of protein-surface interactions. Here, we study interfacial systems of increasing complexity-from a single immobilized multimodal ligand to high density surfaces-to better understand how ligand behavior is affected by the presence of a surface and the presence of other ligands in the vicinity, and how this behavior scales to larger systems. We find that tethering a ligand to a surface restricts its conformations to a subset of those observed in free solution, yet the ligand maintains flexibility in the plane of the surface and can form contacts with neighboring ligands. We find that although the formation of a contact between two neighboring ligands is slightly unfavorable, three neighboring ligands exhibit a preference for the formation of a fully connected cluster. To explore how these trends in ligand association extend to a larger surface with high density of ligands, we performed coarse-grained Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of a 132-ligand surface using ligand interactions parametrized based on free energies obtained from the three-ligand MD simulations. Despite their simplicity, the coarse-grained simulations qualitatively capture the cluster size distribution of ligands observed in detailed MD simulations. Quantitative differences between the two suggest opportunities for improvements in the coarse-grained energy function for efficient predictions of cluster and pattern formations. Our approach presents a promising route to the engineering of multimodal patterns for future chromatographic resin design.
A Comment on: “State Capacity, Reciprocity, and the Social Contract” by Timothy Besley

In this note, I discuss avenues for future research stemming from Besley's [this issue] theoretical approach on the interconnections between civicness, institutions, and state‐fiscal capacity. First, I lay down some ideas on how one could extend the framework to model fragility traps that characterize many low‐income countries and study issues related to nation‐building, conflict, and heterogeneity across space and ethnic lines in the provision of public goods. Second, I discuss the relevance of the approach for the analysis of authoritarian populism that is spreading in developed countries and emerging markets.
Integrative Medicine Treatment in Times of Pandemic Coronavirus Disease

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has expanded around the world, resulting in a pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. To date, no specific treatment or vaccine is available to treat or prevent this sudden and potentially deadly disease. Economic restructuring brings opportunities and challenges to integrative medicine treatment. In such complex situations, integrative medicine treatments are to be provided cautiously, and the shift from in-person visits to remote medical services might play an important role in how such services are delivered.
The Bone and Sinew of the Land: America's Forgotten Black Pioneers and the Struggle for Equality

Review of: The Bone and Sinew of the Land: America’s Forgotten Black Pioneers and the Struggle for Equality, by Anna-Lisa Cox.
Large X-Ray Flares from LMC X-4: Discovery of Millihertz Quasi-periodic Oscillations and Quasi-periodic Oscillation-Modulated Pulsations

We report the discovery of millihertz (mHz) quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and QPO-modulated pulsations during large X-ray flares from the high-mass X-ray binary pulsar LMC X-4 using data from the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. The light curves of flares show that, in addition to ~74 mHz coherent pulsations, there exist two more time-varying temporal structures at frequencies of ~0.65-1.35 and ~2-20 mHz. These relatively long term structures appear in the power density spectra as mHz QPOs and also as well-developed sidebands around the coherent pulse frequency, indicating that the amplitudes of the coherent pulsation are modulated by those of the mHz QPOs. One interesting feature is that, while the first flare shows symmetric sidebands around the coherent pulse frequency, the second flare shows significant excess emission in the lower frequency sidebands due to the ~2-20 mHz QPOs. We discuss the origin of the QPOs using a combination of the beat-frequency model and a modified version of the Keplerian-frequency model. According to our discussion, it seems possible to attribute the origin of the ~0.65-1.35 and ~2-20 mHz QPOs to the beating between the rotational frequency of the neutron star and the Keplerian frequency of large accreting clumps near the corotation radius and to the orbital motion of clumps at Keplerian radii of (2-10) × 109 cm, respectively.
Uncertainty-Aware Task Allocation for Distributed Autonomous Robots.

This paper addresses task-allocation problems with uncertainty in situational awareness for distributed autonomous robots (DARs). The uncertainty propagation over a task-allocation process is done by using the Unscented transform that uses the Sigma-Point sampling mechanism. It has great potential to be employed for generic task-allocation schemes, in the sense that there is no need to modify an existing task-allocation method that has been developed without considering the uncertainty in the situational awareness. The proposed framework was tested in a simulated environment where the decision-maker needs to determine an optimal allocation of multiple locations assigned to multiple mobile flying robots whose locations come as random variables of known mean and covariance. The simulation result shows that the proposed stochastic task allocation approach generates an assignment with 30% less overall cost than the one without considering the uncertainty.
Impact of low-level pretransplant donor-specific antibodies on outcomes after kidney transplantation.

Background The effect of low-level pretransplant donor-specific antibody (DSA) on kidney transplant outcomes is not well described. The goal of this study was to compare outcomes among patients of varying immunologic risk, based on the level of pretransplant DSA. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all adult kidney transplant recipients who had undergone a transplant at our center between January 2013 and May 2017. Patients were grouped as negative DSA (mean fluorescence intensity, [MFISUM 1000). Rejection, infection, graft, and patient survival were outcomes measured. Results Of 952 patients, 82.1% had negative DSA, 10.7% had low-level DSA, and 7.1% had positive DSA. The positive DSA group had the highest rate of antibody-mediated rejection (10.3%), followed by low-level DSA (7.8%) and the negative DSA group (4.5%) (p = .034). The rate of BK viremia was highest in the positive DSA group (39.7%), followed by the low-level group (30.4%) and the negative DSA group (25.6%), (p = .025). None of the other outcomes, including graft or patient survival, were different between the groups. Conclusion While low-level DSA should not prevent proceeding with kidney transplantation, it should not be ignored. Future studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of varying levels of pre-transplant DSA on outcomes.
Partnerships, Succession, and Student Engagement: A Perioperative Immersion Program

Abstract The current shortage of operating room (OR) nurses will be critically impacted by the planned retirement of 65% of its workforce by 2022 with more vacancies expected in the years to come. Another likely contributor to the OR nursing shortage may be because most clinical education experiences in nursing programs do not include rotations in the perioperative setting, thus limiting student exposure. One solution to introduce student nurses to the perioperative environment and mitigate the limitations of passive learning for today’s learners is providing an on-site perioperative immersion experience delivered by the OR nurse education team. Nurse educators teaching in a baccalaureate nursing program at a midwestern college collaborated with the perioperative nursing education team from a large metropolitan hospital to implement a perioperative immersion program for entry-level undergraduate nursing students. In qualitative evaluations, the perioperative immersion increased knowledge of the patient perioperative experience, exposed students to both OR nursing and interdisciplinary team roles and responsibilities, and generated interest in the OR as a future career path.
Endangered Myotis bats forage in regeneration openings in a managed forest

Abstract Bat populations face numerous threats, including the loss of forests in which they roost and forage. Present-day forests are commonly managed for timber harvesting, recreation, and wildlife. Understanding bat responses to forest management is crucial for balancing the conservation of endangered bats and forest restoration. We used radio telemetry to study nocturnal movements and habitat selection patterns of female and juvenile bats of two forest-dependent, federally listed bat species in an oak-dominated managed forest. We estimated foraging space use and assessed habitat selection for 33 northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis) and 25 Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) from May to August 2014–2017 in south-central Indiana, USA. Myotis septentrionalis space use averaged 176 ha and bats selected water, historic thinning, and patch cuts (≤4 ha) over other habitats, with all but one bat avoiding larger openings (≥4-ha clearcuts). Myotis sodalis space use averaged 343 ha and bats selected 4-ha patch cuts, historic openings, and historic thinning over other habitats. In contrast to M. septentrionalis, one-third of the M. sodalis foraged over larger clearcuts, while two-thirds foraged over smaller openings and thinnings. We showed that bats were attracted to small regeneration harvests of varying structural ages. Forests maintained for a mix of mature stands, thinned stands, shelterwoods, small regenerative cuts (
Mannitol (1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexanehexol)

Mannitol is a form of hyperosmolar therapy for the reduction of intracranial pressure, including vasogenic edema associated with brain tumors and cerebral edema related to traumatic brain injury and infarcts. However, the use of mannitol is not supported by strong evidence and can produce deleterious effects.
Latin America in Colonial Times

Few milestones in human history are as momentous as the meeting of three great civilizations on American soil in the sixteenth century. The fully revised textbook Latin America in Colonial Times presents that story in an engaging but informative new package, revealing how a new civilization and region - Latin America - emerged from that encounter. The authors give equal attention to the Spanish and Portuguese conquerors and settlers, to the African slaves they brought across the Atlantic, and to the indigenous peoples whose lands were invaded. From the dawn of empires in the fifteenth century, through the conquest age of the sixteenth and to the end of empire in the nineteenth, the book combines broad brushstrokes with anecdotal details that bring the era to life. This new edition incorporates the newest scholarship on Spain, Portugal, and Atlantic Africa, in addition to Latin America itself, with indigenous and African views and women's experiences and contributions to colonial society highlighted throughout.
Quantifying subcellular dynamics in apoptotic cells with two-dimensional Gabor filters

We demonstrate an optical Fourier filtering method which can be used to characterize subcellular morphology during dynamic cellular function. In this paper, our Fourier filters were based on two-dimensional Gabor elementary functions, which can be tuned to sense directly object size and orientation. We utilize this method to quantify changes in mitochondrial and nuclear structure during the first three hours of apoptosis. We find that the technique is sensitive to a decrease in particle orientation consistent with apoptosis-induced mitochondrial fragmentation. The scattering signal changes were less pronounced in the nucleus and the remainder of the cytoplasm. Particles in these regions were less oriented than mitochondria and did not change orientation significantly.
Inappropriate Medication in a National Sample of US Elderly Patients Receiving Home Health Care

Background With substantial morbidity and functional impairment, older patients receiving home health care are especially susceptible to the adverse effects of unsafe or ineffective medications. Home health agencies’ medication review and reconciliation services, however, provide an added mechanism of medication safety that could offset this risk.
Hau'ofa's Hope Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania 2009 Distinguished Lecture

I am grateful for the invitation to address the Association for Social Anthropology in Oceania (ASAO) as its Distinguished Lecturerespecially since my relation to Pacific scholarship has always been rather unprofessional, or at least spotty. I like to think of myself as an amateurin a sense that comes through best in the French amateur, one who loves. Someone who cultivates a study or art from taste or attraction rather than professionally. (I pass over another meaning, more prominent in the English language dictionaries: 'a person who does something more or less unskillfully.') So I address you as a non-specialist, amateur of the Pacifica fellow-traveler perhaps, in that vast space. But while I may not have much new to say, for this audience, about Island Pacific societies or histories, I may be able to suggest ways that the region and some of its distinctive problems and theorists have been generative for thinking about broad issues: the nature and diversity of indigeneity today, scale-making in various globalizing socio-cultural processes, the inventive dynamism of tradition, and the question of what might be called differential historicities. By that I mean ways of telling large scale stories about where wealways a contested pronounhave come from and are going, separately and together. Preparing this talk has made me realize how much of what I find most useful for thinking through our current utopic/dystopic moment has come from the Pacificfrom a uniquely rich scholarly fusion of ethnography with history, and from inspirational scholars, writers, activists and studentssome, but not all of whom, I'll be able to mention tonight. So I offer this address in a spirit of gratitude. But also, I confess, with a certain irritation. When I was contacted about doing the lecture, I thought: 'Ah ASAO. An exotic locale. Preferably in Hawaii, or at least Southern Californiasomewhere near a beach with warm water.' Well, I hope foggy Santa Cruz seems exotic enough to you at least. Lacking my usual excusethat a trip away from home would be too disruptive in the midst of a hectic academic termI yielded to my election. But I said that I couldn't, for lack of time, come up with something really appropriate to the Pacific, so I would need to speak from my current research on indigenous heritage politics in Alaska. No doubt the general issues would resonate.
Investigation of a demand-actuated defrost system for residential refrigerators

Abstract This paper identifies an unnecessary energy expenditure of appreciable magnitude and proposes a solution. Specifically, the problem concerns the relatively wasteful use of energy in the defrosting of self-defrosting residential refrigerators, freezers and combination units. The magnitude of the problem is discussed and a more efficient defrost-initiation system is proposed.