cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Game-Thinking Within Social Media to Recruit and Select Job Candidates

Social media and game-thinking are increasingly popular in society and in organizations. Together, they can become a powerful tool for recruitment and selection. Recruiting is about branding and communicating information, social media facilitate rapid dissemination of information, and game-thinking can encourage individuals to spend more time interacting with that information or to understand it more completely. As a result, more candidates can be reached and provided with better quality information about job vacancies in organizations, thus improving the applicant pool in two ways. Personnel selection depends on the ability to assess traits and behaviors that predict job performance and compare assessment results between candidates. Social media are replete with games, quizzes, surveys, and other tests that individuals take and share their results online, including skill endorsements, qualifications, and recommendations. Utilizing big-data techniques, organizations can tap into these habits to harvest data for assessing and comparing applicants. Several third-party companies are already connecting organizations to job seekers and vice versa by analyzing performance on social media games. We evaluate relevant theory related to game-thinking in social media (GSM) in recruitment and selection through the lens of applied and theoretical examples.
The promise: A cautionary tale of silencing social (in)justice

ABSTRACTThis article provides an example of personal reflection and creative expression as a process of sense-making and of questioning how the authors appropriate and negotiate education reform policies. The authors illustrate a form of artistic activism that conflates metaphorical storytelling, scholarly literature, and personal reflections on our roles as educators. They have recreated The Lorax (Seuss, 1971), and in doing so interrogate their roles in the resistance and reproduction of social (in)justice. In this work, an internal ethical conflict emerges, which the authors juxtapose against a vision for socially just schools and pressures from conservative modern reform policy. Finally, the authors discuss critical arts-based reflexivity as an approach to encourage imagination toward the advancement of social justice in schools.
Development and Characterization of In Vitro Microvessel Network and Quantitative Measurements of Endothelial [Ca2+]i and Nitric Oxide Production.

Endothelial cells (ECs) lining the blood vessel walls in vivo are constantly exposed to flow, but cultured ECs are often grown under static conditions and exhibit a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Although the development of microfluidic devices has been embraced by engineers over two decades, their biological applications remain limited. A more physiologically relevant in vitro microvessel model validated by biological applications is important to advance the field and bridge the gaps between in vivo and in vitro studies. Here, we present detailed procedures for the development of cultured microvessel network using a microfluidic device with a long-term perfusion capability. We also demonstrate its applications for quantitative measurements of agonist-induced changes in EC [Ca2+]i and nitric oxide (NO) production in real time using confocal and conventional fluorescence microscopy. The formed microvessel network with continuous perfusion showed well-developed junctions between ECs. VE-cadherin distribution was closer to that observed in intact microvessels than statically cultured EC monolayers. ATP-induced transient increases in EC [Ca2+]i and NO production were quantitatively measured at individual cell levels, which validated the functionality of the cultured microvessels. This microfluidic device allows ECs to grow under a well-controlled, physiologically relevant flow, which makes the cell culture environment closer to in vivo than that in the conventional, static 2D cultures. The microchannel network design is highly versatile, and the fabrication process is simple and repeatable. The device can be easily integrated to the confocal or conventional microscopic system enabling high resolution imaging. Most importantly, because the cultured microvessel network can be formed by primary human ECs, this approach will serve as a useful tool to investigate how pathologically altered blood components from patient samples affect human ECs and provide insight into clinical issues. It also can be developed as a platform for drug screening.
Chemotherapy for Advanced Carcinoma of the Bladder

Abstract Cis-platinum and cyclophosphamide in combination were used to treat 10 patients with advanced carcinoma of the bladder. Partial response was noted in 2 patients but the majority tolerated the chemotherapy poorly. The longest survival was 17 months and the shortest was 4 months.
Variables Associated With the Occurrence of Ips Beetles, Red Turpentine Beetle and Wood Borers in Live and Dead Ponderosa Pines with Post-fire Injury

Recently, wildfires and prescribed burning have become more frequent in conifer forests of western North America. Most studies examining the impacts of insects on trees with post-fire injury have focused on contributions to tree mortality. Few studies have examined fire-caused injuries to estimate the probability of attack by insects. Scant data quantifying insect associations with one another, or with live and dead fire-injured trees, are available. We examined live and dead trees with varying levels of fire injury in wildfires in Colorado, Montana, Arizona and the Black Hills aiming to determine fire injury associated with insect infestation, co-occurrence between insects and insect association with live and dead fire-injured trees. Bole scorch height estimated the likelihood of attack by Ips spp. Diameter at breast height, bole scorch height and crown scorch height estimated the likelihood of attack by Dendroctonus valens LeConte. Diameter at breast height and bole scorch height estimated the likelihood of attack by wood borers. Ips spp., Dendroctonus valens and wood borers were associated with one another. Ips spp. beetles and wood borers were associated with dead fire-injured trees, whereas D. valens was often associated with live fire-injured trees. Focusing on certain fire-caused injuries may identify trees targeted by Ips spp. beetles, Dendroctonus valens and wood borers.
Development and Application of a New Voltage Stability Index for On-Line Monitoring and Shedding

Continuous assessment of voltage stability is vital to ensure a secure operation of the power system. Several voltage stability indicators have been developed in an attempt to quantify proximity to voltage collapse. Some of them are computationally expensive, whereas others are reported not to perform as expected under all conditions. This study proposes a new normalized voltage stability indicator called the P-index that is robust and based on solid theoretical foundations. The index was tested on the IEEE 14-, 57-, and 118-bus systems and compared to the well-established L-index node-based indicator. It was also shown how the P-index can be used to estimate distance to collapse and the amount of load to be shed. A comparison of distance to collapse was made with the coupled single-port circuit and tangent vector methods. Application of the P-index to a dynamic platform simulating stability monitoring with PMU measurements was performed on the Kundur 10-bus system and the appropriate load shedding using the P-index was calculated. The results show that the P-index gives a better indication of proximity to voltage collapse compared to the L-indices and tangent vectors and is more conservative than the coupled single-port circuit method. Results also indicate its potential for dynamic voltage stability assessment and load shedding purposes.
Price clustering on the Shanghai Stock Exchange

ABSTRACTWe investigate price clustering of intraday trades and negotiated block trades on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) from 2003 to 2009. Prices of traded assets tend to cluster on certain final digits, such as 0 and 5. In Chinese culture, 8 is associated with good luck and 4 with death so these numbers may be attractive or avoided. We find that price clustering on the final digit of 0 is significantly higher during the morning call auction and early in the trading day. We find no evidence of price clustering for the digit 8, but there is a significant dearth of prices ending in the inauspicious number 4. Price clustering is significantly higher for negotiated block trades, for which about 28% end with 0. Multivariate analysis shows that price clustering is lower for more liquid firms, but higher for firms with higher return volatility, a higher price level, or when the market is volatile. Our evidence supports the costly negotiation hypothesis. Our results also support the attraction hypothesis in t...
OSA and Cardiac Arrhythmogenesis: Mechanistic Insights

A surge of data has reproducibly identified strong associations of OSA with cardiac arrhythmias. As an extension of epidemiologic and clinic-based findings, experimental investigations have made strides in advancing our understanding of the putative OSA and cardiac arrhythmogenesis mechanistic underpinnings. Although most studies have focused on the links between OSA and atrial fibrillation (AF), relationships with ventricular arrhythmias have also been characterized. Key findings implicate OSA-related autonomic nervous system fluctuations typified by enhanced parasympathetic activation during respiratory events and sympathetic surges subsequent to respiratory events, which contribute to augmented arrhythmic propensity. Other more immediate pathophysiologic influences of OSA-enhancing arrhythmogenesis include intermittent hypoxia, intrathoracic pressure swings leading to atrial stretch, and hypercapnia. Intermediate pathways by which OSA may trigger arrhythmia include increased systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, enhanced prothrombotic state, and vascular dysfunction. Long-term OSA-associated sequelae such as hypertension, atrial enlargement and fibrosis, ventricular hypertrophy, and coronary artery disease also predispose to cardiac arrhythmia. These factors can lead to a reduction in atrial effective refractory period, triggered and abnormal automaticity, and promote slowed and heterogeneous conduction; all of these mechanisms increase the persistence of reentrant arrhythmias and prolong the QT interval. Cardiac electrical and structural remodeling observed in OSA animal models can progress the arrhythmogenic substrate to further enhance arrhythmia generation. Future investigations clarifying the contribution of specific OSA-related mechanistic pathways to arrhythmia generation may allow targeted preventative therapies to mitigate OSA-induced arrhythmogenicity. Furthermore, interventional studies are needed to clarify the impact of OSA pathophysiology reversal on cardiac arrhythmogenesis and related adverse outcomes.
User density and spatial cloaking algorithm selection: Improving privacy protection of mobile users

Data sharing and privacy protection of mobile users have always been a challenge to research and development, as well as commercial and enterprise deployment of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and location-based mobile applications. The concepts of k-anonymity, two spatial cloaking algorithms — Nearest Neighbor Cloak (NNC) and Hilbert Cloak (HC) — that utilize k-anonymity, as well as user density's impacts on the performance are discussed in this paper. The proposed research seeks to examine and adopt an adaptive scheme that utilizes these cloaking algorithms to improve security, privacy protection and performance of a system, using k-anonymity to generate the k-ASR in an anonymizer.
Increasing Student Interaction in Technical Writing Courses in Online Environments

This article examines how the levels of student interaction change through the use of small groups and moderators in online writing courses. The study examines three technical and professional onli...
Amitriptyline plays important roles in modifying the ovarian morphology and improving its functions in rats with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary

Previous studies demonstrated that depression is more prevalent in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, we aimed to determine whether amitriptyline (AMT), an antidepressant drug, plays a role in preventing PCOS. The results showed that AMT modified ovarian morphology improved the ovarian functions and estrus cycle in estradiol valerate (EV)-induced polycystic ovary (PCO). AMT restored the levels of estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and progesterone (P4) to normal, and elevated the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) in EV-induced PCO. No significant changes in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were observed in rats with EV or AMT treatment. The restoration of norepinephrine (NE) level was detected in rats with EV-induced PCO. AMT also altered the expression levels of steroidogenesis genes and beta2-adrenoceptor (beta2-AR) in EV-induced PCO. Our data revealed that AMT improves the ovarian morphology and modifies ovarian expression of beta2-AR and steroidogenesis genes in rats with EV-induced rat PCO. Our data provide support for the hypothesis that AMT is considered as a candidate drug for preventing and treating PCOS along with depression.
Adam Smith: Dumb Channels

This chapter describes a result by Smith with Venkatesan Guruswami on security over limited channels. Possible connections are drawn again for the satisfiability problem.
Modulation of IgG1 immunoeffector function by glycoengineering of the GDP‐fucose biosynthesis pathway

Cross-linking of the Fcγ receptors expressed on the surface of hematopoietic cells by IgG immune complexes triggers the activation of key immune effector mechanisms, including antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). A conserved N-glycan positioned at the N-terminal region of the IgG CH 2 domain is critical in maintaining the quaternary structure of the molecule for Fcγ receptor engagement. The removal of a single core fucose residue from the N-glycan results in a considerable increase in affinity for FcγRIIIa leading to an enhanced receptor-mediated immunoeffector function. The enhanced potency of the molecule translates into a number of distinct advantages in the development of IgG antibodies for cancer therapy. In an effort to significantly increase the potency of an anti-CD20, IgG1 molecule, we selectively targeted the de novo GDP-fucose biosynthesis pathway of the host CHO cell line to generate >80% afucosylated IgG1 resulting in enhanced FcγRIIIa binding (13-fold) and in vitro ADCC cell-based activity (11-fold). In addition, this effective glycoengineering strategy also allowed for the utilization of the alternate GDP-fucose salvage pathway to provide a fast and efficient mechanism to manipulate the N-glycan fucosylation level to modulate IgG immune effector function.
Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer mortality, with more than 500,000 deaths annually [1, 2]. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which comprises most primary liver cancer cases, is rarely detected early and is usually fatal within a few months of diagnosis [3]. A recently published study indicated that the incidence rates of HCC tripled in the United States from 1975 through 2005 [4].
Ground-Based Radar Technologies for Tornado Observations

Ground-based radar technologies have made a tremendous impact by revealing the three-dimensional structure of winds and precipitation in tornadic storms and tornadoes. In this chapter, a historical perspective on ground-based radar technology is presented, including the exciting technological evolution from early weather radars that observed the first hook echoes to modern-day polarimetric and phased array radar technology capable of scanning storms in less than 10 s. Early radar studies revealed the importance of Doppler radar capabilities, and led to implementation of a nationwide operational Doppler radar network that substantially improved tornado warning lead-time and accuracy. Scientists have used ground-based radars extensively in field studies of tornadoes and tornadic storms, including mobile radar systems that allow scientists to get very close to storms to obtain very high resolution data. These field studies include large-scale field experiments such as the first and second Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes EXperiments (VORTEX), which deployed a network of mobile radars with a suite of other instruments. From the combined efforts of scientists and engineers to develop ground-based radars and conduct field experiments, new scientific discoveries have transformed our understanding of tornadoes and tornadic storms. By combining data from multiple radars, scientists have developed an understanding of the three-dimensional flows with supercells and tornadoes, and documented how changes in the storm-scale flow impact tornadoes and their formation. Rapid-scan radar data have shown that tornadoes can form or dissipate in less than 1 min, and that the tornado’s intensity and three-dimensional structure can drastically change in 10 s or less. Using dual-polarization radars, new capabilities have emerged to detect tornado debris remotely and infer tornado intensity and storm-scale processes. Exciting mobile radars and operational radar prototypes are under development that will provide both rapid-scanning and dual-polarization capabilities. These new radar systems will have a critical role in helping scientists discover the missing pieces in our understanding of tornadogenesis and tornado dynamics, and will continue to improve tornado warning performance to better protect society.
Dangerous games: Pool shock chemical burn to the face

Today information about fascinating chemical reactions is readily available on the internet. Unfortunately, these experiments can have catastrophic consequences. Pool chemicals account for a significant number of injuries in the United States. Pool Shock (calcium hypochlorite) is a powder widely used to disinfect swimming pools and has the potential to cause injury, as described in previous studies. Here, we report a case of a young male patient with a superficial chemical burn to the face and eyes due to a combined explosion of Pool Shock and regular Coke in a bottle. This type of chemical burn secondary to this chemical combination has not been reported elsewhere. We discuss the chemistry involved in producing significant inadvertent blast injury and present the management to treat these cases.
Substance Abuse Recognition and Prevention Through Education

The specter of addiction still remains a major issue in the anesthesia workplace, and each year 1–2 % of anesthesia care providers (ACPs) become addicted to the anesthetic agents they are tasked with administering to patients, leading some to ask: “Is addiction an occupational hazard for those involved in the practice of anesthesiology?” It has been reported that between 10 and 15 % of all ACPs will abuse drugs or alcohol at some point in their career, and education regarding the identification and effective treatment of the drug-impaired ACP is an essential part of the effort to reduce these numbers.
The Variable Binding Structures

The grammar of Palauan A′ binding poses many interesting problems of both descriptive and theoretical interest. In this chapter I will give a detailed description of the structures containing A′ binding, while Chapters Four through Six deal with the associated theoretical problems, such as resumptive pronouns, locality, crossover, and scope. To recapitulate briefly from Chapter One, A′ binding is found in those structures, such as WH questions, relativizations, and topicalizations, in which there is a dependency between an antecedent in A′ position and a bound constituent in argument position.1
Transferrin: Evolution and Genetic Regulation of Expression

Publisher Summary Transferrin (TF) is a member of a conserved family of genes that have remained linked on the same chromosome for hundreds of millions of years. The TF gene is a member of a primitive family of genes which has remained chromosomally linked and structurally homologous. Each gene in the transferrin family encodes conserved sequences of the proteins that probably contribute to the iron-binding functions and contains conserved chromosomal DNA in the promoter regions that account for tissue-specific expression. The TF gene appears to be active in autocrine systems where a cell is stimulated by a factor which it synthesizes and to which it contains a receptor. This chapter concludes that analysis of TF gene expression in every possible cell type throughout development into the aging process offers a promising model for learning more about gene modulation.
Public Health Agency Responses and Opportunities to Protect Against Health Impacts of Climate Change Among US Populations with Multiple Vulnerabilities

During the past several decades, unprecedented global changes in climate have given rise to an increase in extreme weather and other climate events and their consequences such as heavy rainfall, hurricanes, flooding, heat waves, wildfires, and air pollution. These climate effects have direct impacts on human health such as premature death, injuries, exacerbation of health conditions, disruption of mental well-being, as well as indirect impacts through food- and water-related infections and illnesses. While all populations are at risk for these adverse health outcomes, some populations are at greater risk because of multiple vulnerabilities resulting from increased exposure to risk-prone areas, increased sensitivity due to underlying health conditions, and limited adaptive capacity primarily because of a lack of economic resources to respond adequately. We discuss current governmental public health responses and their future opportunities to improve resilience of special populations at greatest risk for adverse health outcomes. Vulnerability assessment, adaptation plans, public health emergency response, and public health agency accreditation are all current governmental public health actions. Governmental public health opportunities include integration of these current responses with health equity initiatives and programs in communities.
Processing-dependent mechanical properties of solvent cast cyclic polyphthalaldehyde

Abstract Cyclic polyphthalaldehyde (cPPA) is a metastable polymer that undergoes rapid depolymerization in the solid state making it useful as a packaging and substrate material for transient electronics. Here, we report solvent based processing methods to fabricate free standing polymeric films and the mechanical properties of those films. Three solvents: dioxane (bp 101 °C), chloroform (bp 61 °C), and DCM (bp 40 °C) were explored for solvent casting of cPPA. Higher residual solvent concentrations were observed with an increase in the boiling point of the solvent, leading to large variations in the glass transition temperature (64–95 °C), as measured by dynamic mechanical analysis. Quasi-static tensile testing of solvent cast cPPA films gave an elastic modulus (2.5–3 GPa), tensile strength (25–35 MPa), and failure strain (1–1.5%) that vary depending on the type of solvent used.
Postoperative Pain Management of Non-"Opioid-Naive" Patients Undergoing Hand and Upper-Extremity Surgery.

Background: Patients with prior opioid use are often difficult to manage postoperatively. We examined potential strategies for managing these patients: (1) prescribing a different opioid; and (2) e...
English adaptation in Mandarin A-not-A constructions

A-not-A refers to a Mandarin reduplication construction where the underlying form /RED-pu-A/ contains a reduplication of the first syllable in A. In this study I investigate the kinds of adaptations that occur when an English word serves as the base A in code-switching speech. Since the complex onsets and most codas allowed in English are illegal in Mandarin syllables, the reduplicated part is expected to adapt to Mandarin phonotactics to some degree. I ran a production experiment where 20 native Mandarin-speakers were asked to produce A-not-A constructions with 55 mono- and multi-syllabic English words. Results from the experiment showed varied adaptation methods in syllable structure and tones. To model the results, I used the Maximum Entropy Harmonic Grammar (MaxEnt) with weighted constraints on syllable structure markedness and base-reduplicant faithfulness.
Ready to Teach All Children? Unpacking Early Childhood Educators' Feelings of Preparedness for Working with Children with Disabilities.

ABSTRACTEarly childhood settings have the potential to support learners with diverse learning needs, including children with disabilities. However, if educators do not feel prepared to teach childr...
Outcomes After Intracranial Hemorrhage in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Systematic Review of Literature.

Background Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a common complication in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) and carries a dismal prognosis. Limited data are available on the management and outcomes in this population, which are essential to determine an optimal treatment strategy. We conducted a systematic literature review to determine the clinical characteristics and survival of this population. Methods PubMed, Ovid, Embase. Scopus, Cochrane, CENTRAL, and Web of Science articles were selected using the following terms: (“Heart-Assist Devices” or “left ventricular assist device” or “LVAD”) AND (“intracranial hemorrhage” OR “cerebral hemorrhage” OR “brain hemorrhage” OR “intracerebral hemorrhage” OR “intraparenchymal hemorrhage” OR “hemorrhagic stroke”). Abstracts and articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria that were determined a priori. Potential studies were reviewed by 4 authors, who reached a consensus on the final studies to be included. Results The literature review yielded 609 abstracts, which were screened according to predetermined inclusion criteria. A total of 143 full-text articles were reviewed, and 8 articles were included in the final qualitative analysis. These studies reviewed data for 597 patients with LVADs who had ICH. The mortality for ICH was widely variable across studies and ranged from 16% to 100%. Conclusions There is minimal existing literature on patients with LVAD with ICH that report patient outcomes in a nonstandardized fashion. The studies included in this analysis report mortality consistent with previous reports, indicating a need for further investigation to identify risk factors and improve outcomes in these patients.
OT Practice Patterns in Rural States: Does the College Experience Influence Rural Employment Choice?

Date Presented 04/06/19 A survey of 225 OT practitioners living in rural states explored practice patterns and influences on employment choice. Rural and urban practitioner differences were noted in variability of hours spent working, number of work locations, and time spent in fieldwork education. Rural practice choice was influenced by fieldwork participation but not loan debt. Findings support the value of rural exposure in the curriculum and customized rural fieldwork educator support. Primary Author and Speaker: Debra Hanson Additional Authors and Speakers: Janet Jedlicka, Marilyn Klug, Nicole Harris
Oriented local moves and divisibility of the Jones–Kauffman polynomial

For any virtual link L = S ∪ T that may be decomposed into a pair of oriented n-tangles S and T, an oriented local move of type T↦ϕ(T) is a replacement of T with the n-tangle ϕ(T) in a way that pre...
Can a gait-dependent model predict wear on retrieved total knee arthroplasty components?

Aims A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted to compare directly volumetric wear of retrieved polyethylene inserts to predicted volumetric wear modelled from individual gait mechanics of t...
Rising to the challenge: Pharmacy residents on the front lines during COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose To provide pharmacy residents' perspective on how the department of pharmacy at a large academic medical center prepared and managed the surge in admissions of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), to describe how residents were trained for intensive care unit (ICU) staffing, and to provide recommendations on how residency programs nationally could navigate a second wave of COVID-19 admissions or other disaster response situations. Summary The majority of postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) pharmacy residents at the institution were trained for ICU staffing and deployed throughout the hospital to ICU units converted to dedicated COVID-19 ICUs to assist in patient care. The training process included live videoconference lectures about relevant ICU topics and on-site experiences with critical care clinical pharmacists. Based on their experience in training for and participating in ICU care of patients with COVID-19, the pharmacy residents recommend considering additional cross-training of residents, integration of additional clinical education, creation of opportunities for resident involvement in telehealth, advancement of residents' roles in emergency responses, building robust mental health services, and continued advocacy for the advancement of pharmacists' and pharmacy residents' scope of practice. Conclusion The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused the institution to reevaluate the allocation of resources, and the department of pharmacy elected to deploy PGY1 pharmacy residents with previous ICU experience to assist in caring for an ICU patient census that had doubled. This experience will be valuable in preparing for another potential wave of COVID-19 cases and a surge in admissions of other groups of patients who deferred care due to the pandemic.
Affectionate communication and health: A meta-analysis

A robust literature documents the health benefits of affectionate communication. The present study offers a meta-analysis of this literature to estimate general effects of affectionate communicatio...
Guidance on PV Module Replacement

Throughout a PV system lifetime, it is often necessary to replace modules that are damaged, underperforming, or deemed unsafe to operate. Little industry guidance is available on how to repower PV plants to optimize performance. An EPRI study addressed considerations for replacing modules within an array, including module selection based on power rating and physical constraints, preferred distribution of replacement modules to maximize performance, boundary conditions to prevent bypass diode activation, and impacts of module mismatch on array performance.
Impact of outpatient SARS-CoV-2 infections in minority children.

ABSTRACT: Data regarding COVID-19 in the adult population and hospitalized children is rapidly evolving, but little is known about children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 who do not require hospitalization.In an observational, retrospective study we analyzed risk factors, demographics and clinical course of non-hospitalized patients ≤ 21âyears of age with COVID-19 infection.Of the 1,796 patients evaluated, 170 were infected, and 40 participated in a telephone survey. Children older >10âyears of age (OR: 2.19), Hispanic ethnicity (OR: 3) and residing in counties with higher rates of poverty (OR: 1.5) were associated with higher risk of infection, while older girls were more likely to experience prolonged duration of symptoms (median: 32âdays). Consistent with prior reports, fever and cough were present in most of our patients. Shortness of breath, diarrhea, anosmia, and ageusia were more common in our outpatient population than previously reported.Larger studies addressing the clinical and psychosocial impact of CoVID-19 infection in children living in high-risk environments are warranted.
Effectiveness of hospital payment reforms in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Payment mechanisms have attracted substantial research interest because of their consequent effect on care outcomes, including treatment costs, admission and readmission rates and patient satisfaction. Those mechanisms create the incentive environment within which health workers operate and can influence provider behaviour in ways that can facilitate achievement of national health policy goals. This systematic review aims to understand the effects of changes in hospital payment mechanisms introduced in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on hospital- and patient-level outcomes. A standardised search of seven databases and a manual search of the grey literature and reference lists of existing reviews were performed to identify relevant articles published between January 2000 and July 2019. We included original studies focused on hospital payment reforms and their effect on hospital and patient outcomes in LMICs. Narrative descriptions or studies focusing only on provider payments or primary care settings were excluded. The authors used the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tool to assess the risk of bias and quality. Results were synthesized in a narrative description due to methodological heterogeneity. A total of 24 articles from seven middle-income countries were included, the majority of which are from Asia. In most cases, hospital payment reforms included shifts from passive (fee-for-service) to active payment models-the most common being diagnosis-related group payments, capitation and global budget. In general, hospital payment reforms were associated with decreases in hospital expenditures, out-of-pocket payments, length of hospital stay and readmission rates. The majority of the articles scored low on quality due to weak study design. A shift from passive to active hospital payment methods in LMICs has been associated with lower hospital and patient costs as well as increased efficiency without any apparent compromise on quality. However, there is an important need for high-quality studies in this area.
Introducing Programming Concepts through Interactive Online Workshops

Students from the Technology Ambassadors Program (TAP) at Georgia Gwinnett College introduce basic programming concepts to online workshop participants by demonstrating and creating an interactive racing game using the Scratch programming language. The workshop encourages interest in the STEM fields, while teaching basic programming skills to control the game's logic. Our study results showed that our workshops were successful and engaging.
Calcium Metabolism in Hypertension

High blood pressure, one of the most common chronic diseases in industrialized societies, is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, heart failure, renal disease and stroke. Data from both epidemiologic surveys and clinical trials have shown that calcium metabolism is altered in persons with hypertension, indicating a primary role of calcium in the etiology, prevention, and treatment of hypertension. Investigative efforts throughout the world have identified abnormalities in a number of biochemical parameters of calcium metabolism and a consistently low intake of dietary calcium in persons with high blood pressure. Calcium supplementation trials have reported varying results in terms blood pressure response, and it is generally concluded that many hypertensive patients may benefit from increased calcium intake. The blood pressure-lowering effect of calcium may be of particular benefit to the elderly, people of African origin, and pregnant women. Interactions between dietary nutrients have been shown to be critical in the effect of calcium on blood pressure, particularly sodium and potassium. Finally, based on the body of data that has accumulated in this area, calcium intake is postulated to have clinical application in the treatment of sodium-sensitive, alcohol-associated, and pregnancy-induced hypertension, and type II diabetes mellitus; and adequate, long-term calcium intake may be a means of preventing the development of hypertension.
Randomness: a computational complexity perspective

Man has grappled with the meaning and utility of randomness for centuries. Research in the Theory of Computation in the last thirty years has enriched this study considerably. This lecture will describe two main aspects of this research on randomness, demonstrating its power and weakness respectively.
On Holomorphic Mappings between Teichmüller Spaces

Publisher Summary This chapter presents the solutions of the problems for the Teichmuller spaces T (g, n) and answers a question of Bers by showing that the Bers fiber space F (T) for a group with elliptic elements is usually not (isomorphic to) a Teichmuller space. The chapter presents the biholomorphic self-mappings of T (g, n). In addition, the chapter defines the (n-punctured) Teichmuller curve π: V (g, n)'→ T(g, n) and finds all its holomorphic sections, proving a conjecture of Earle's. It also presents the Bers fiber spaces F(Γ) for Γ with elliptic elements and discusses all signatures for which F(Γ) may be isomorphic to a Teichmuller space.
Building a reliable mutable file system on peer-to-peer storage

This paper sketches the design of the Eliot File System (Eliot), a mutable file system that maintains the pure immutability of its peer-to-peer (P2P) substrate by isolating mutation in an auxiliary metadata service. The immutability of address-to-content bindings has several advantages in P2P systems. However mutable file systems are desirable because they allow clients to update existing files; a necessary property for many applications. In order to facilitate modifications, the file system must provide some atom of mutability. Since this atom of mutability is a fundamental characteristic of the file system and not the underlying storage substrate, it is a mistake to violate the integrity of the substrate with special cases for mutability. Instead, Eliot employs a separate, generalized metadata service that isolates all mutation and client state in an auxiliary replicated database. Eliot provides fine-granularity file updates with either AFS open-close or NFS-like consistency semantics. Eliot builds a mutable filesystem on a global resource bed of purely immutable P2P block storage.
Insulin inhibits hepatocellular glucose production by utilizing liver-enriched transcriptional inhibitory protein to disrupt the association of CREB-binding protein and RNA polymerase II with the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter.

Hormones regulate glucose homeostasis, in part, by controlling the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). Insulin and glucocorticoids reciprocally regulate PEPCK expression primarily at the level of gene transcription. We demonstrate here that glucocorticoids promote, whereas insulin disrupts, the association of CREB-binding protein (CBP) and RNA polymerase II with the hepatic PEPCK gene promoter in vivo. We also show that accessory factors, such as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), can recruit CBP to drive transcription. Insulin increases protein levels of liver-enriched transcriptional inhibitory protein (LIP), an inhibitory form of C/EBPβ, in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent manner. LIP concomitantly replaces liver-enriched transcriptional activator protein on the PEPCK gene promoter, which can abrogate the recruitment of CBP and polymerase II, culminating in the repression of PEPCK expression and the attenuation of hepatocellular glucose production.
Applications of charge-directed conjugate addition reactions to the formation of 5- and 6-membered rings

Abstract Ring constructions through intramolecular trapping of anions generated in charge-directed addition reactions are reported. Intramolecular reactions of internal nucleophiles including Grignard reagents are also described.
Soot aerosol dynamics in a laminar ethylene diffusion flame

A thermophoretic sampling technique is used to examine the soot morphological characteristics inside a coannular ethylene/air diffusion flame at atmospheric pressure. The data acquired with this sampling technique are combined with information obtained by others using optical diagnostics on an identical flame. The spatial variation of primary particle diameter, combined with particle velocity measurements performed by Santoro, allow the calculation of specific soot surface growth rate, primary particle number density, soot surface area and molecular flux of the growth species throughout the growth region. Specific soot burnout rates are also obtained throughout the oxidation region. A discussion about the spatial distribution of the soot aerosol processes is given. The particles are formed low in the flame (z≅5mm) on the fuel rich side of the flame sheet, close to the main reaction zone. They subsequently follow paths to the upper regions of the flame, growing through both agglomeration and surface growth reactions and finally they disappear entirely under the oxidative attack of various species. A bimodal integral solution of the aerosol dynamic equation that accounts for particle inception, free molecular coagulation and surface growth reactions is used to model the soot dynamics in the flame. This model is used to study the soot formation and growth processes throughout the lower and intermediate portions of the flame along a path line that coincides with the annular region. An estimate of the particle inception rate is obtained as a result of these calculations.
Neighborhood conditions and edge-disjoint perfect matchings

Abstract A graph G satisfies the neighborhood condition ANC(G) ⩾ m if, for all pairs of vertices of G, the union of their neighborhoods has at least m vertices. For a fixed positive integer k, let G be a graph of even order n which satisfies the following conditions: δ(G) ⩾ k + 1; K 1(G) ⩾ k; and ANC(G) ⩾ n/2. It is shown that if n is sufficiently large then G contains k edge-disjoint perfect matchings.
Neuroaudiologic abnormalities in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis.

This study reports on standardized differential diagnostic battery conducted on 44 children diagnosed as having neurofibromatosis. The audiologic examination include pure tone and speech threshold audiometry, and speech discrimination in quiet
Evidence for the Reversal of Magnetic Field Polarity in Coronal Streamers

Faraday rotation observations are unique amongst radio occultation measurements in that they respond to magnetic field in addition to electron density, making it possible to probe the coronal magnetic field. Signatures interpreted as transients in Faraday rotation measurements made by Pioneer6 in 1968 in the heliocentric distance range of 6-11 R o are shown to be caused by coronal streamer stalks of angular size 1-2° observed in white-light measurements rather than the magnetic bottles interpreted earlier. This identification makes available the first magnetic field observations of coronal streamers. The detection of the reversal of magnetic field polarity high in the corona provides observational evidence confirming what has previously only been inferred from modeling - that streamers observed in white-light measurements are the manifestation of the heliospheric current sheet. These results reinforce the apparent connection between the coronal streamer stalk observed in white-light coronagraphs and the heliospheric plasma sheet identified by in situ fields and particles measurements beyond 0.3 AU.
Psychophysical and physiological study of one-handed and two-handed combined tasks

Abstract Most studies in manual material handling (MMH) have paid attention to single MMH activities – lifting, lowering, carrying, holding, pushing or pulling and have ignored combined activities. Also, most studies have involved two-handed (symmetric) MMH activities rather than one-handed MMH activities. Very few studies have reported information on workers' capacities for combinations of one-handed MMH activities (e.g. lifting a box, then carrying the box, and lowering the box). These kinds of combined activities are common in industry and in our daily lives. The objective of this study was to utilize the psychophysical approach to examine the combinations of lifting, carrying and lowering activities from a simulated industrial task involving one-handed and two-handed combined tasks, and to develop mathematical models for combined tasks. Ten male students served as subjects for the study. Maximum acceptable weight workload capacities for 1 h work periods for one-handed and two-handed combined tasks (lifting a box from floor-to-knuckle height, carrying the box for 4.3 m, and lowering the box from knuckle-to-floor height) were determined psychophysically under three frequencies: six handlings per minute, one handling per minute, and one handling per 5 min. In addition to maximum acceptable weight, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) values and tasking time were also measured as response variables. Combined MMH capacity models for one-hand and two-handed tasks were developed. The advantages and disadvantages of different models are discussed. Relevance to industry The combinations of lifting, carrying and lowering activities in sequence are an integral and common part of material handling tasks in industry. Adequate scientific information is presently not available for assessing combined manual material handling tasks. Developing a model to predict the capacity of a combined task would make it easier to predict the maximum acceptable weight of both one and two-handed combined MMH tasks.
ON THE CONTROL OF ROPE IN BREAD

Rope is a condition of bacterial decomposition of bread which leads to a peculiar slimy or ropy consistency of portions of the interior of the loaf, produces an odor resembling that of ensilage, and renders the loaf unacceptable. During summer months the loss of bread through the development of rope may be very great, and individual bakeries may become so thoroughly infected that they can be operated only with great difficulty. Several closely related organisms have been isolated from ropy bread, some or all of which are undoubtedly the effective agents of the decomposition. 1-~ All varieties of bread appear to be liable to this decomposition within 24 hours or more after baking, but it has been stated that those containing a considerable quantity of material other than white flour are most often infected. For many years it has been customary to add lactic acid, acetic acid, or some other acid substance to the dough as a means of repressing the growth of the organism. Under favorable circumstances this method of treatment may be very satisfactory; but it is always carried out by rule of thumb, and there is at present
Evaluation of Parameters of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia

Extract: Neutrophil lobe averages and hypersegmentation, bone marrow examinations, serum folate and vitamin B12 levels, and formiminoglutamic acid (FIGLU) excretion studies were performed in a group of 55 infants and children with iron deficiency anemia, some with and some without thrombocytopenia. Increase lobe averages (> 3.71) and hypersegmentation were found in 13 and 32 patients, respectively. Twenty-five patients demonstrated some megaloblastic changes in their marrow. None had decreased serum levels of vitamin B12; two were considered folic acid deficient, based on serum folate assays ( 6.6 μmol/h). In only five instances could a correlation be established between the morphologic and biochemical findings.The presence or absence of thrombocytopenia did not appear to be related to megaloblastic morphologic changes in the blood and bone marrow or to the number of bone marrow megakaryocytes. Speculation: It is postulated that some of the changes in peripheral blood and bone marrow found in iron deficiency states are due to a relative lack of folate or vitamin B12 at the tissue level resulting from hyperplasia. The exact mechanism for the thrombocytopenia is not clear.