cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
DJP: Dynamic Joint Processing for Interference Cancellation in Cloud Radio Access Networks

Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) processing is one of the promising methods to mitigate the intra- cluster interference in cellular systems, to improve the average Signal-to-Interference-plus- Noise Ratio (SINR), and to increase the overall spectral efficiency. Such method, however, does not take any action to mitigate the inter-cluster interference, which leads to poor performance for cluster-edge Mobile Stations (MSs) and, consequently, to unfairness in service provision. In the context of Cloud Radio Access Network (C- RAN) - a new centralized paradigm for wireless cellular networks in which Base Stations (BSs) are physically unbundled into Virtual Base Stations (VBSs) and Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) - an innovative solution, called Dynamic Joint Processing (DJP), is proposed to mitigate both intra- and inter-cluster interference so to improve performance of cluster-edge MSs. A dynamic clustering approach is presented in which, for each subcarrier, a virtual cluster is defined, and its size is dynamically changed based on the position of the MSs. Simulation results confirm the validity of our approach.
Orbitals for Analyzing Bonding and Magnetism of Heavy-Metal Complexes

Electron orbitals are ubiquitous in chemistry for the description of bonding and molecular properties. This article outlines a theoretical framework for the generation and application of orbitals for the analysis of the electronic structure, chemical bonding, and magnetic properties of metal complexes from relativistic quantum chemical wavefunction calculations. Examples from the author’s research of f-element complexes are used to illustrate these concepts, with emphasis on open-shell systems.
THE INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT OF CROSSFILING

V. O. Key’s proposition that one-party politics in the American states has been destructive of both the dominant and minor parties in such systems fits California’s political experience very nicely. From 1893 to 1932 California Republicans captured almost all statewide offices and they maintained huge legislative majorities. Furthermore, both parties entered the 1930’s with little institutionalized capacity for performing the basic nominating and campaigning functions. It appears, therefore, that the notorious weakness of political parties in California could be accounted for in terms of Key’s theories of the debilitating impact of one-party politics. Understandably, however, this line of speculation raises questions in the minds of those students of California politics who are aware of the several studies that particularly credit crossfiling for the weakness of California parties at mid-century. Consequently, the purpose of this article is to demonstrate the relationship between intensity of interparty competition and crossfiling in California politics during the first half of this century. In establishing this relationship, this study first shows that crossfiling did not become a general practice until after the end of California’s one-party era (1893-1932). The analysis then goes on to demonstrate that, during the one-party 1920’s, crossfiling occurred more often in the relatively competitive areas of the state than in the most profoundly one-party areas. Finally, a deviant case analysis develops the correspondence between the incidence of successful crossfiling (winning both parties’ primaries) and the relative competitiveness of types of offices.
Elevation of circulating but not myocardial FGF23 in human acute decompensated heart failure.

Background Elevated plasma fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a prognostic marker in chronic kidney disease. Recently, FGF23 was reported to also be a predictive factor in chronic congestive heart failure (HF). To date however, plasma levels in acute decompensated HF (ADHF) have not been reported and myocardial production and distribution of FGF23 in HF is poorly defined. We aimed to determine plasma levels and myocardial production of FGF23 in ADHF. Methods Plasma FGF23, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed in 21 ADHF patients and 19 controls. Myocardial gene expression and distribution of FGF23 was determined on left ventricular samples from HF patients and normal controls. Results Plasma FGF23 was markedly higher in ADHF patients compared with controls (1498 ± 1238 versus 66 ± 27 RU/mL, P 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) had FGF23 levels of 1526 ± 1601 RU/mL versus 55 ± 20 RU/mL in controls (P = 0.007). Quantified myocardial FGF23 gene expression was similar between HF patients and controls. Myocardial FGF23 immunostaining was similar between HF patients and controls, with equal distribution throughout cardiomyocytes. Conclusion Patients with ADHF had markedly elevated plasma FGF23 levels. Myocardial FGF23 gene expression was present in HF at a similar level as normal controls, and immunohistochemistry showed similar cellular distribution of FGF23 in HF and controls, suggesting that the myocardium does not contribute to the elevated circulating FGF23 in HF.
Comparative studies on the antioxidant activity of polypeptides from germinated brown rice,brown rice and milled rice

Three types of rice,including germinated brown rice,ordinary brown rice and milled rice,were used as raw material. Bioactive polypeptides were exacted from the three types of rice by means of enzymatic preparation. Total reducing power,hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and 2,2 '-azino-bis( 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)( ABTS) radical scavenging activity of exacted polypeptides were evaluated,and the content of polypeptides in rice was detected in our experiments. The results indicated that the content of polypeptides in germinated brown rice was higher than that in ordinary brown rice and milled rice,the lowest content of polypeptides was observed in milled rice. Experimental data showed the antioxidant activity of exacted polypeptides in germinated brown rice was stronger than that in ordinary brown rice and milled rice. In summary,our study provides the basis for the function development of germinated brown rice.
Analysis of occupational hazards in the new adhesive binding flow-line production of a printing house

[Objective]To identify and analyze the occupational hazards in the new adhesive binding flow-line production of a printing house,and provide evidence for occupational disease prevention and control from the source.[Methods]Checklist method and analogy method were adopted to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation.[Results]The occupational hazards of benzene,toluene,xylene,solvent naphtha,steady-state noise might exist in the production process of assembling,adhesive binding and book collecting.Therefore it was ordinary occupational hazard project.[Conclusion]Only the fulfilled occupational disease prevention measures can ensure the intensity or concentration of occupational hazards in this project in line with national health standards.
Monitoring of the disinfection quality in nurseries and kindergartens of western rural districts of Zhuhai city

Objective:To learn the disinfection hygiene quality of nursery instituations in western rural districts of Zhuhai city,and to promote the nursery institution disinfection management and make it into a standardize and routine work,finally to prevent and control the epidemic of infectious disease and guarantee the physical health of children.Methods:According to the requirement of "disinfection management method" "disinfection technology standardization" and "disinfection quality surveillance technology plans for medical institution and nursery institution in guangdong province",we carried out the surveillance work among 23 kindergantens which have more than 200 children in each,and the surveillance contents including bacterium group in air,microbe on object surface,microbe on toys and so on.Results:The surveillance results shows that the qualified rate of bacterium group in air,object surface,hands of works,toys,cook tools and ultra-violet light are 98.5%、88.5%、57.6%、83.2%、86.1% and 42.9%,respectively.Conclusion:The overall quality of disinfection hygiene among nursery instituations in western rural districts of Zhuhai city in poor,so we should strenghten hygiene knowledge and hygiene law trainning among nursery workers and boost their disease control and prevention senses in the future.
On the Current Situation,D eficiencies and Countermeasures of Industrial Policy of Chinese Cultural Scientific &Technological Innovation

Firstly the definitions of cultural scientific technological innovation and industrial policy of cultural scientific technological innovation are defined.Then based on the summarization of the current situation of industrial policy of Chinese cultural scientific technological innovation,this article analyzes the deficiencies within the current industrial policy,and discusses the corresponding improvement countermeasures in order to realize systematization and no omissions in the content,and achieve higher level of democratization and legalization in procedure in industrial policymaking of Chinese cultural scientific technological innovation.
Grade II gliomas-not so low grade.

There have been and continue to be areas of uncertainty surrounding the treatment of grade II gliomas. One in particular is the optimal timing of treatment.
Atypical PRES in Systemic Hodgkins Lymphoma Post R-ABVD Chemotherapy (P4.341)

Objective: To increase awareness of MRI findings of atypical PRES Background: 63 years old female with history of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkins Lymphoma status post 1 cycle of R-ABVD , meningioma status post resection , hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes presented with unresponsiveness. She did regain consciousness when enroute . She was then having R hand shaking and lip smacking. She was hypertensive . She was empirically treated as a complex partial seizure. EEG showed moderate generalized slowing. MRI brain showed R occipital stroke and FLAIR hyperintensities in the posterior parietal region. CTA head and neck showed small diffuse proximal and distal cerebral vasculature. Then she became cortically blind and encephalopathic. Repeat MRI brain showed bilateral occipital and posterior parietal strokes. Cerebral angiogram showed multifocal narrowing/ dilatation in the pericallosal arteries, callosomarginal artery, right MCA sylvian branches, the PCA and the basilar trunk raising the possibility of CNS vasculitis. Serological and CSF vasculitis and infectious work up was negative. Empiric high dose steroids were given for 3 days. Patient clinically remained the same. MRI brain was repeated that showed same lesions plus a new restricted diffusion in the corpus callosum with leptomeningeal enhancement. A repeat LP was done that revealed an unremarkable CSF. PET brain was done which was suggestive of infarct. Her BP was started to be aggressively controlled. A brain biopsy was done which was suggestive of infarction and potential amyloid angiopathy. A repeat MRI was done that showed receding lesions. This was done more than a week with good BP control. Methods: Single patient case report. Results: Leptomeningeal enhancement and corpus callosum restricted diffusion can be seen in PRES Conclusions: Leptomeningeal and Corpus Callosum involvement in a patient with systemic lymphoma should not only raise suspicion for CNS spread but also atypical PRES. Disclosure: Dr. Shaikh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wong has nothing to disclose.
Case Study 4. Self-Correcting Science: The Piltdown Forgery

The scientific community plays an important role in critiquing hypotheses and building consensus and serves as a check to the influence of individual and societal prejudices. Although this system of challenge and debate looks chaotic to outsiders, it is essential for maintaining rigor and objectivity in science. The greatest scientific hoax of all time provides an excellent case to observe how science corrects an error. The Piltdown forgery succeeded for 40 years not because it was brilliant or the anthropological community was blinded by prejudices, but because scientists are bound by rules of evidence and because extrinsic factors in this case legitimately confounded the interpretation that evidence. One might say there was a fatal combination of bad luck and a naive reluctance to imagine malice. Skeptics appeared from the beginning and skepticism steadily grew, but the fossils could not be dismissed without resolving the anomalies.
The growing need for microservices in bioinformatics.

Objective: Within the information technology (IT) industry, best practices and standards are constantly evolving and being refined. In contrast, computer technology utilized within the healthcare industry often evolves at a glacial pace, with reduced opportunities for justified innovation. Although the use of timely technology refreshes within an enterprise's overall technology stack can be costly, thoughtful adoption of select technologies with a demonstrated return on investment can be very effective in increasing productivity and at the same time, reducing the burden of maintenance often associated with older and legacy systems. In this brief technical communication, we introduce the concept of microservices as applied to the ecosystem of data analysis pipelines. Microservice architecture is a framework for dividing complex systems into easily managed parts. Each individual service is limited in functional scope, thereby conferring a higher measure of functional isolation and reliability to the collective solution. Moreover, maintenance challenges are greatly simplified by virtue of the reduced architectural complexity of each constitutive module. This fact notwithstanding, rendered overall solutions utilizing a microservices-based approach provide equal or greater levels of functionality as compared to conventional programming approaches. Bioinformatics, with its ever-increasing demand for performance and new testing algorithms, is the perfect use-case for such a solution. Moreover, if promulgated within the greater development community as an open-source solution, such an approach holds potential to be transformative to current bioinformatics software development. Context: Bioinformatics relies on nimble IT framework which can adapt to changing requirements. Aims: To present a well-established software design and deployment strategy as a solution for current challenges within bioinformatics Conclusions: Use of the microservices framework is an effective methodology for the fabrication and implementation of reliable and innovative software, made possible in a highly collaborative setting.
A Mythography of Water: Hydraulic Engineering and the Imagination

‘Water,’ writes John Bate in 1634, ‘is by nature of a massie subtile substance.’1 This chapter explores water, its subjugation and control, as an object of the English imagination in the middle of the seventeenth century, a period defined in many ways by utopian agricultural expectations. I am interested in the imaginative alliance between water and hydraulic invention in its various expressions—scientific and literary—which illustrate how, with its own ecological necessity, energy and flow, water posed enormous challenges for inventors and innovators intent on harnessing and taming this vital resource, and how literature engaged with the hydraulic curiosity that prevailed. For centuries the problem of taming water has exercised creative minds. By the middle of the seventeenth century, this preoccupation had reached such an extent that hydrological management assumed unprecedented creative, political and economic stature.2 This situation was unsurprising given the prevailing ethos of agricultural improvement, which prompted the observation that “the Genius of this Age is very much bent to advance Husbandry”.3 Controlling water was critical to agrarian reform. Considered a tameable resource, with the right amount of ingenuity water could be put to work for agricultural and commercial advantage. ‘Water was the great difficulty of the early Engineer … ’ Samuel Smiles declares, ‘In the hands of the Engineer, water, instead of being a tyrant, became a servant; instead of being a destroyer, it became a useful labourer and a general civiliser.’4 Bringing water to hand required imagining a waterscape far removed from the existing environment and ecology and there were, of course, practical motivations for designing and adopting innovative technology to tame water’s natural ebbs and flows in order to make boggy land arable, dry land productive and rivers navigable.
Patrycja Trzeszczyńska. Łemkowszczyzna Zapamiętana: Opowieści o Przeszłości i Przestrzeni [The Lemko Land Remembered: Stories About the Past and Space]

Book review of Patrycja Trzeszczynska. Łemkowszczyzna Zapamietana: Opowieści o Przeszlości i Przestrzeni [ The Lemko Land Remembered: Stories About the Past and Space ]. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego, 2013. Anthropos, edited by Czeslaw Robotycki. 444 pp. Tables. Bibliography. PLN 41,24, paper.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: A rare complication of methamphetamine use.

Abstract Objective To present an unusual case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum subsequent to recreational amphetamine use. Case report A young African American adult male was admitted to internal medicine service for treatment of rhabdomyolysis secondary to methamphetamine use. On admission, he was complaining of chest pain in addition to nausea and generalized muscle aches. By his second hospital day, chest pain had resolved yet physical exam demonstrated crepitation of the anterior chest and left axilla. Portable chest x-ray revealed subcutaneous emphysema in addition to pneumomediastinum. Conclusion Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of amphetamine use that is often associated with subcutaneous emphysema and can be diagnosed with chest x-ray. Management is conservative, with observation, pain control, and supplemental oxygen as needed.
Assessing the Needs of Pharmacists and Physicians in Caring for Patients with Epilepsy

Objective To obtain primary care physicians' and community pharmacists' opinions of the Pharmacist Note, a model epilepsy patient profile maintained by the pharmacist and transmitted to the physician as needed, and the information it contains. Design A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used for collecting and analyzing data. Separate surveys were developed and mailed to physicians and pharmacists. Participants 554 primary care physicians and 114 community pharmacists in Ohio who interact regularly with epilepsy patients. Main Outcome Measures: Pharmacist and physician opinions on the Pharmacist Note program. Results Physicians ranked seizure frequency as their most useful piece of information, followed by medication compliance and drug interaction screening. For medication profile and drug interaction screening, most physicians currently use themselves as their primary source of information, although a significant number would prefer to use pharmacists as information sources in these areas (p Conclusion Physicians desire pharmacist involvement in specific areas of care for patients with epilepsy, and the feasibility of implementing the Pharmacist Note and similar programs appears promising. However, pharmacists identified barriers to implementation, and these barriers need to be addressed if this type of program is to be successful.
Sensors and Actuators

The previous chapter introduced two critically important components found in any electronic control system: sensors and actuators. This chapter explains the operation of the sensors and actuators used throughout a modern car. Special emphasis is placed on sensors and actuators used for power train (i.e., engine and transmission) applications since these systems often employ the largest number of such devices. However, this chapter will also discuss sensors found in other subsystems on modern cars.
Activated polypyrrole-derived carbon spheres for superior CO2 uptake at ambient conditions

Abstract High inherent microporosity of the polypyrrole-derived carbon spheres was further optimized by controlled KOH activation with the intention to achieve high CO2 adsorption capacity. After activation the spherical morphology and nitrogen doping were retained and the volume of micropores, especially ultramicropores, was noticeably enhanced. High ultramicropore volumes of these spheres resulted in the superior CO2 uptakes under ambient pressure, reaching 7.73 mmol g−1 and 5.42 mmol g−1 at 0 °C and 25 °C, respectively. This study shows an effective way for designing of carbon spheres with high CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivity.
Liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy for dysphagia palliation in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer.

Background and Aims Dysphagia is a debilitating symptom in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer that contributes to poor quality of life and worsening nutritional status. The 2 most commonly used palliative modalities for dysphagia are radiation therapy and esophageal stent placement. However, radiation therapy is limited by adverse events (AEs) and total dose, and stent placement has a high rate of AEs, including reflux, migration, and chest pain. A relatively new modality of liquid nitrogen endoscopic spray cryotherapy has been described as salvage when other options have been exhausted and when patients are no longer receiving systemic therapy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of cryotherapy as the primary modality for relieving dysphagia in inoperable esophageal cancer including patients receiving systemic cancer therapy. Methods This is a retrospective, multicenter, consecutive case series of 49 inoperable esophageal cancer patients undergoing palliative endoscopic cryotherapy at 4 specialized cancer centers from May 2014 to May 2016. The primary outcomes were change in dysphagia scores between pre- and postcryotherapy and AEs. Dysphagia was measured using a 5-point Likert scale: 0, no dysphagia; 1, dysphagia to solids; 2, dysphagia to semisolids; 3, dysphagia to liquids; 4, dysphagia to saliva. Results Thirty-nine men and 10 women with a mean age of 58 years underwent a total of 120 cryotherapy treatments. The mean dysphagia score improved significantly from 2.4 precryotherapy to 1.7 postcryotherapy (improvement of .7 points; P Conclusions This preliminary retrospective study suggests that liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy may be safe and effective for dysphagia palliation in inoperable esophageal cancer. Large prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify patient and procedure characteristics associated with the greatest benefit.
Correlates of Recreation- Versus Academic-Motivated Misuse of Prescription Stimulants:

Our goal was to compare and contrast the correlates of academic- and recreation-motivated misuse of prescription stimulants (MPS). Questionnaires were distributed to a probability sample of student...
Weather, Risk, and Voting: An Experimental Analysis of the Effect of Weather on Vote Choice

A number of theoretical and empirical studies analyze the effect of inclement weather on voter turnout and in turn on parties’ vote share. However, empirical findings suggest that the effect of weather on parties’ vote share is greater than can be explained by its influence on voter turnout alone. This article provides experimental evidence of the effect of weather on vote choice between more- versus less-risky candidates. Findings show that bad weather significantly and sizeably depresses risk tolerance making voters less likely to vote for risky candidates. This article also provides evidence of a possible mechanism: unpleasant weather conditions depress agents’ mood, making agents less inclined to vote for candidates who are perceived as more risky.
Nonlinear Excitations in Polyacetylene

As one of the simplest conjugated systems the polylcetylene chain has been of interest to chemists for a long time1. In recent years it has attracted physicists’ attention as a quasi one dimensional material. It is a highly nonlinear system. Being very interesting from many points of view, it serves to illustrate the fruitfulness of interdisciplinary interactions.
CloudCryptoSearch: a prototype for secure searching of private data in cloud encrypted domains

Cloud computing security and reliability are important challenges in the research agenda. For some applications managing sensitive data, cloud security solutions and data-privacy management are the main concerns for organizations that are considering a move to the cloud. The advantages of cloud computing include reduced costs, easy maintenance and re-provisioning of resources, thereby also possibly increasing profits. But the adoption of Cloud Computing solutions applies only if different security concerns are ensured. This prototype presents a solution for data storage and data management in Internet Storage Clouds, preserving privacy conditions under the control of Cloud users. The prototype supports operations over stored encrypted data, including reading, writing and searching based on relevance ranking and multiple keywords. The prototype preserves data-privacy without need to either decipher data during operations in the Cloud or transfer the data during searches. The presented approach is based on a middleware architecture supported by homomorphic encryption techniques combined with dynamic indexing mechanisms.
Psycholinguistics at Work in the Information Age

These comments, from a survey by Faigley and Miller (1982), depict a growing awareness of the importance of appropriate writing skills to the commercial success of business and individual professionals within business. The connection between productivity and effectiveness in written communication is supported by numerous observations. For example, in recent years we have witnessed a surge in the number of “communications managers” employed by Fortune 500 companies (Harris Bryant,1986).These specialized managers have primary responsibility for the writing quality of internal and external publications. The demand for this new type of business executive by successful organizations suggests that quality of writing is indeed important to commercial success.
Large scale knowledge base systems: an empirical evaluation perspective

In this paper, we discuss how our work on evaluating Semantic Web knowledge base systems (KBSs) contributes to address some broader AI problems. First, we show how our apprcach provides a benchmarking solution to the Semantic Web, a new application area of AI. Second, we discuss how the approach is also beneficial in a more traditional AI context. We focus on issues such as scalability, performance tradeoffs, and the comparison of different classes of systems.
A Developmental-Physiological Perspective on the Development and Evolution of Phenotypic Plasticity

Our understanding of the development and evolution of phenotypic plasticity has evolved in the 30 years since the first Dahlem conference on development and evolution. The focus of this review is on the developmental mechanisms that produce alternative and conditional phenotypes in response to environmental signals. The role of environment is a critical factor in evolution, yet environment is almost universally ignored in developmental biology. The effects of environment are most clearly seen in postembryonic development, where the mechanisms by which environmental signals alter developmental trajectories are increasingly well understood. The outcome of altered developmental pathways is what we recognize as phenotypic plasticity. This chapter shows that the developmental mechanisms that produce phenotypic plasticity are diverse and that control resides largely at the physiological level, often via developmental hormones that switch between alternative developmental fates in response to environmental signals. In conclusion this chapters shows how robustness and homeostatic mechanisms are they key to understanding the evolution of conditional traits.
Teaching Software Engineering Including Integration with Other Disciplines

Software engineering is Money Magazine’s top rated profession. The development of novel information systems has created new industries and catapulted developers to wealth and stardom. Yet, for many students of computer and information systems, software engineering is just another hurdle they must jump to satisfy degree requirements. How best to teach software engineering so that students appreciate its unique and vital lessons remains an unanswered question. Our software engineering course exploits students’ experience in specific domains as a foundation for learning the skills of software development. The course syllabus provides a vehicle for honing one’s development skills, practicing abstraction, and finally experiencing the “aha” phenomenon when the student has successfully integrated two different fields of knowledge into a new discipline. We report the results of this approach.
Pore structure and swelling character of porous carbon beads prepared from esterified silica gels

Porous carbon beads have been prepared by a replica method using five silica gels with surface areas ranging from 70 to 765 m2 g−1. The replica method consists of esterification of silica gel with 4-phenyl-1,2-dihyroxybenzene, pyrolysis of the esterified silica gel, dissolution of the silica gel, and drying of the porous carbon from water or, in some cases, from benzene. Porous carbon beads, at maximum, shrank to about 33% of the size of silica gel beads used as a substrate during drying in the preparation. The extent of shrinkage was increased with decreasing surface area of the silica gels. The porous carbons prepared from different silica gels showed a similar pore size distribution, although the distribution became somewhat broader when a silica gel with a small surface area was used. The percentage of expansion of porous carbon beads on adsorbing benzene varied to some extent with the kind of silica gel, and the porous carbon prepared from the silica gel with the surface area of 470 m2 g−1 showed a maximum expansion, 31%. Porous carbon beads dried from benzene showed about 10% higher percentages of expansion on average compared with that from water. Furthermore, in the carbon beads from benzene, a small number of carbon beads showed enormously large expansion, and the expansion was found to be related to the extent of shrinkage during drying in the preparation.
Interim Report on the Thermoreversible Gelation of Polymers

This interim report presents the current state of our knowledge and speculation regarding the thermoreversible gelation of atactic polystyrene, and the broader implications to thermoreversible gelation of crystallizable polymers. Since we first reported the phenomenon in 1979, considerable interest has been stimulated as the implications for both the solution and solid states have been recognized. The early interest and subsequent contributions of Dr. Raymond F. Boyer makes this a particularly timely occasion for this review.
Implant Survival and Function Ten Years After Kinematically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty

Abstract Background Alignment in the varus or valgus outlier range of the tibial component, knee, and limb might adversely affect the long-term results of kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) particularly when patients are selected without restricting the degree of preoperative varus-valgus and flexion deformity. Methods A retrospective review of all patients treated in 2007 with a primary TKA determined the 10-year implant survivorship, yearly revision rate, Oxford Knee Score, and WOMAC. All 222 knees (217 patients) were aligned kinematically using patient-specific instrumentation without restricting the degree of preoperative deformity and with the restoration of the native joint lines and limb alignment. Mechanical alignment criteria categorized the alignments of the tibial component, knee, and limb as in-range or in a varus or valgus outlier range. Results The implant survivorship (yearly revision rate) was 97.5% (0.3%) for revision for any reason and 98.4% (0.2%) for aseptic failure. The percentage postoperatively aligned in the varus outlier (valgus outlier) range was 78% (0%) for the angle between the tibial component and mechanical axis of the tibia, 31% (5%) for the tibiofemoral angle of the knee according to the criteria by Ritter et al, and 7% (21%) for the hip-knee-ankle angle of the limb according to the criteria by Parratte et al. Patients grouped in the varus outlier range, valgus outlier range, and in-range had similar implant survival and function scores. The 10-year Oxford Knee Score (48 best) and WOMAC (0 best) averaged 43 and 7 points, respectively. Conclusion With the limitation that a large case series unlikely represents the full range of preoperative deformities and native alignments, treatment of patients with kinematically aligned TKA with patient-specific instrumentation without restricting the preoperative deformity did not adversely affect the 10-year implant survival, yearly revision rate, and level of function. Level of evidence Level III, therapeutic study.
EEG data collection in children with ASD: The role of state in data quality and spectral power

Abstract Background Electroencephalography can elucidate neurobiological mechanisms underlying heterogeneity in ASD. Studying the full range of children with ASD introduces methodological challenges stemming from participants’ difficulties tolerating the data collection process, leading to diminished EEG data retention and increased variability in participant ‘state’ during the recording. Quantifying state will improve data collection methods and aide in interpreting results. Objectives Observationally quantify participant state during the EEG recording; examine its relationship to child characteristics, data retention and spectral power. Methods Participants included 5–11 year-old children with ASD (N = 39) and age-matched TD children (N = 16). Participants were acclimated to the EEG environment using behavioral strategies. EEG was recorded while participants watched a video of bubbles. Participant ‘state’ was rated using a Likert scale (Perceived State Rating: PSR). Results Participants with ASD had more elevated PSR than TD participants. Less EEG data were retained in participants with higher PSR scores, but this was not related to age or IQ. TD participants had higher alpha power compared with the ASD group. Within the ASD group, participants with high PSR had decreased frontal alpha power. Conclusions Given supportive strategies, EEG data was collected from children with ASD across cognitive levels. Participant state influenced both EEG data retention and alpha spectral power. Alpha suppression is linked to attention and vigilance, suggesting that these participants were less ‘at rest’. This highlights the importance of considering state when conducting EEG studies with challenging participants, both to increase data retention rates and to quantify the influence of state on EEG variables.
Ureteral injury following vertebral body tethering for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Abstract Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a deformity of the spine of unknown etiology and no definitive cure. A novel technique for correction during growth known as vertebral body tethering (VBT) was introduced in 2005 in animal models, and then quickly adapted for human implementation [Courvoisier, 2015]. This method is in the early stages of growth and adaptation as well as evaluating risks to improve safety and feasibility. Some of the most common complications reported are atelectasis [Newton, 2018], proximal junctional kyphosis and reoperation for device breakage or addition [Hardesty, 2017]. There are no case reports describing ureteral injury following VBT. We present a case of primary ureteral injury following VBT with subsequent erosion and stricture formation requiring definitive ureteral reconstruction. We discuss the possible causes of this complication, its management, follow up, and short-term outcome.
Transhorizon Measurement Techniques

Abstract In microwave transmission to distances well beyond the horizon, the received signal generally exhibits a characteristic fading. Measurements made on the received signal, in order to be considered representative, must be averaged over a time interval long compared with the period of the slowest fading component. Alternatively it is possible to perform certain kinds of measurements in a time interval short relative to the fastest fading components. Such a measurement yields an “instantaneous” picture of the effects produced by atmospheric conditions. A critical type of experiment involves the swinging of a narrow beam in order to resolve those signal components whose phase interrelationship determines the fading. If this rapid beam-swinging is performed by a phase shifting scheme in a broadside array, not only is the beam more readily controllable, but the interval between successive beam passages through the great-circle bearing can be made short. One then obtains a sequence, as in the frames of a slow-motion picture, in which the details of the statistical variations can be studied. This paper discusses the information that can be obtained by using phased-array techniques. It concludes with an example of an existing array at Stanford University being used for propagation studies at 3.12 kMc over a 101-mile path. The research reported in this document was made possible through the support of the U.S. Army Signal Corps, under Contract DA 36(039)-sc-73151.
Numerical analysis on viscoelastic creep responses of aligned short fiber reinforced composites

Abstract Micro-mechanics analysis using the Representative Volume Element (RVE) approach implemented with the Finite Element Method has been widely used for computing material properties of unidirectional fibrous polymer matrix composites. However, little attention has been given to viscoelastic RVEs of discontinuous fiber reinforced composites. This paper develops a RVE-based Finite Element algorithm for evaluating the effective viscoelastic creep behaviors of aligned short fiber composites. A parametric study including considerations of fiber volume fraction, fiber aspect ratio and fiber packing geometry is performed through the proposed algorithm. Computed results indicate that increasing the fiber volume fraction decreases the mechanical compliance of the overall compound, and the effect of fiber reinforcements is particularly significant in the direction of fiber alignment. Additionally, increasing the fiber aspect ratio reduces the creep compliance coefficient along the direction of fiber alignment more than coefficients along other directions. The fiber packing geometry affects the values of axial compliance properties at low fiber volume fraction and its impacts become less as the fiber volume fraction increases. We also provide an application to simulate the equivalent viscoelastic creep response out of the RVE approach through ABAQUS user defined material subroutine, and the maximum absolute error between the two sets of data is only 1%.
Writing Iran from Exile: An Accented History

A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 1: The Artisanal Era, 1897-1941. by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2011. 456pp., Pb. $28.95 ISBN-13: 9780822347750. A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 2: The Industrializing Years, 1941-1978, by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2011. 560pp., Pb. $29.95. ISBN- 13: 9780822347743. A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 3: The Islamicate Period, 1978-1984. by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2012. 288pp., Pb. $25.95. ISBN-13: 9780822348771. A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 4: The Globalizing Era, 1984-2010. by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2012. 664 pp., Pb. $32.95. ISBN-13: 9780822348788.
Focusing on recovery goals improves motivation in first-episode psychosis.

Diminished motivation (e.g., low drive, curiosity, and engagement in activities) is associated with robust impairment in psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia, yet even the most effective evidence-based interventions rarely effect meaningful change in motivation. Individual Resiliency Training (IRT) is a psychosocial treatment for individuals following a first episode of psychosis, supporting motivation through recovery goal setting and pursuit. The extent to which such an approach might improve motivation over time is unknown. We tested the impact of exposure to IRT modules focused on goal setting and attainment on motivation and functional outcomes among participants in the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode-Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP). In the sample of 404 individuals with a first episode of psychosis receiving treatment across 34 community sites, we ran mixed-effect models with group (exposed to four or more goal-focused IRT sessions vs. Community Care (CC)), time (baseline, six- and 12-month follow-up), and the group-by-time interaction as predictors of motivation, role and social functioning. We also ran these analyses with those exposed to three or fewer goal-focused IRT sessions compared to CC. Controlling for gender, ethnicity, baseline cognition, and total number of outpatient mental health visits, exposure to four or more goal-focused IRT sessions was associated with greater improvements in motivation and role functioning compared to CC; effects were not observed for social functioning. Participants receiving three or fewer goal-focused IRT sessions did not differ from those in CC in these outcomes. Further, sensitivity analysis showed that general exposure to IRT was not associated with differential outcomes. Findings suggest that sufficient focus on recovery goal setting and support in psychosocial intervention for first-episode psychosis may have specific impact on motivation.
Kick Ring LL: A Multi-Sensor Ring Capturing Respiration, Electrocardiogram, Oxygen Saturation, and Skin Temperature 1

With the growing trend towards personalized health, wearable fitness trackers have become a staple of the consumer electronics industry. As the prevalence of such devices booms, the medical community has been compelled to investigate the potential of such devices and explore how they can be used to create positive clinical outcomes. In this report we detail a smart-ring capable of determining heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), blood oxygen saturation (SpO 2) , and temperature. The ring implements a photoplethysmogram (PPG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and thermistor to attain these metrics. After evaluation, significant correlation was found between the experimentally reported HR and RR recordings with their respective standards (p 2 had trial-dependent similarities with its reference standards, and temperature measurements were within expected values of normal skin temperature.
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND TRIP LENGTH -- INFLUENCE ON AUTOMOTIVE FUEL ECONOMY AND EMISSIONS

Experimental work was done to examine the interrelationships among automotive fuel economy, ambient temperature, cold-start trip length, and drive-train component temperatures of four 1977 vehicles. Fuel economy, exhaust emissions, and drive-train temperatures were measured at temperatures of 20, 45, 70 and 100 deg F using the 1975 Federal test procedure and the Environmental Protection Agency's highway fuel economy test. Results showed that vehicles used for short cold-start trips consume fuel at a much greater average rate than during long trips, and the effect is magnified with decreasing ambient temperature. /SAE/
Stand-Alone Messages: A Step Towards Component-Oriented Programming Languages

We are concerned with the design of programming languages that support the paradigm of component-oriented programming. Languages based on the accepted idea of combining modular and object-oriented concepts fail to provide adequate support. We argue that messages should,be separated from methods to address this shortcoming. We introduce the concept of stand-alone messages, give examples for its utility, and compare it to related approaches and language constructs. Besides leading to interesting insights on the interaction of modular and object-oriented concepts, we believe that stand-alone messages also provide a useful basis for further research on component-oriented programming languages.
Syntaxin 1A regulation of weakly inactivating N-type Ca2+ channels.

N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ channels are abundant in nerve terminals where they interact with proteins of the release apparatus, including syntaxin 1A and SNAP-25. In previous studies on N- or P/Q-type Ca2+ channels, syntaxin 1A co-expression reduced current amplitudes, increased voltage-dependent inactivation and/or enhanced G-protein inhibition. However, these studies were conducted in Ca2+ channels that exhibited significant voltage-dependent inactivation. We previously reported that N-type current in bovine chromaffin cells exhibits very little voltage-dependent inactivation and we identified the Ca2+ channel subunits involved. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of syntaxin 1A on this weakly inactivating Ca2+ channel. Co-expression of syntaxin 1A with the weakly inactivating bovine N-type Ca2+ channels in Xenopus oocytes did not appear to alter inactivation but dramatically reduced current amplitudes, without changing cell surface expression. To further understand the mechanisms of syntaxin 1A regulation of this weakly inactivating channel, we examined mutants of the α1B subunit, β2a subunit and syntaxin 1A. We determined that the synprint site of α1B and the C-terminal third of syntaxin 1A were necessary for the reduced current amplitude. In addition we show that enhanced G-protein-dependent modulation of the Ca2+ current by syntaxin 1A cannot explain the large suppression of Ca2+ current observed. Of most significance, syntaxin 1A increased voltage-dependent inactivation in channels containing mutant β2a subunits that cannot be palmitoylated. Our data suggest that changes in inactivation can not explain the reduction in current amplitude produced by co-expressing syntaxin and a weakly inactivating Ca2+ channel.
Plesiomorphic Escape Decisions in Cryptic Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma) Having Highly Derived Antipredatory Defenses

Escape theory predicts that the probability of fleeing and flight initiation distance (predator-prey distance when escape begins) increase as predation risk increases and decrease as escape cost increases. These factors may apply even to highly cryptic species that sometimes must flee. Horned lizards (Phrynosoma) rely on crypsis because of coloration, flattened body form, and lateral fringe scales that reduce detectability. At close range they sometimes squirt blood-containing noxious substances and defend themselves with cranial spines. These antipredatory traits are highly derived, but little is known about the escape behavior of horned lizards. Of particular interest is whether their escape decisions bear the same relationships to predation risk and opportunity costs of escaping as in typical prey lacking such derived defenses. We investigated the effects of repeated attack and direction of predator turning on P. cornutum and of opportunity cost of fleeing during a social encounter in P. modestum. Flight initiation distance was greater for the second of two successive approaches and probability of fleeing decreased as distance between the turning predator and prey increased, but was greater when the predator turned toward than away from a lizard. Flight initiation distance was shorter during social encounters than when lizards were solitary. For all variables studied, risk assessment by horned lizards conforms to the predictions of escape theory and is similar to that in other prey despite their specialized defenses. Our findings show that these specialized, derived defenses coexist with a taxonomically widespread, plesiomorphic method of making escape decisions. They suggest that escape theory based on costs and benefits, as intended, applies very generally, even to highly cryptic prey that have specialized defense mechanisms.