cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pion scattering to 6- stretched states in Mg24 and Mg26

Inelastic ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ cross-section measurements at pion incident energies of 150 and 180 MeV were made on ${6}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ states in $^{24,26}\mathrm{Mg}$. In particular, we have determined the (${\mathit{f}}_{7/2}$${\mathit{d}}_{5/2}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$${)}_{6}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ isoscalar ${\mathit{Z}}_{0}$=0.21\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 strength for the strongest T=0, ${\mathit{J}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}$=${6}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state located at 12.11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05 MeV in $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$, and the isoscalar ${\mathit{Z}}_{0}$=0.17\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04 and isovector ${\mathit{Z}}_{1}$=0.21\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 strength for the strongest T=1, ${\mathit{J}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}$=${6}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state located at 9.18 MeV in $^{26}\mathrm{Mg}$. The distorted-wave impulse-approximation pion cross-section calculations required a multiplicative normalization factor of 1.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1 in order to reproduce the pure isovector strength deduced from electron scattering for the well-known T=1, $^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}$=${6}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state at 15.15 MeV in $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$ and the T=2, ${\mathit{J}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}$=${6}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ state at 18.05 MeV in $^{26}\mathrm{Mg}$.
Recent advances in control algorithms for smart structures and machines

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of recent control algorithms used primarily for vibration control of smart structures and machines. Control algorithms can be divided into open loop, feedback, feedforward, and combined feedback and feedforward control. Solutions proposed can be subdivided into (a) classical control, (b) optimal control, (c) robust control, (d) intelligent control, and (e) self-sustaining solutions and energy harvesting used in centralized and decentralized configurations. The most recent research on novel autonomous control systems intersects distributed control theory, agent-based modeling, bioinspired computational learning, and optimization algorithms.
Associations between pain intensity and urge to smoke: Testing the role of negative affect and pain catastrophizing.

Abstract Background Cigarette smokers are more likely to experience pain than nonsmokers, and experimental research indicates that pain is a potent motivator of smoking. Urge to smoke is a predictor of early relapse, yet associations between pain and urge to smoke have yet to be tested among daily smokers. This study aimed to conduct the first crosssectional test of associations between current pain intensity and urge to smoke, and to test the role of negative affect and pain catastrophizing in relations between pain intensity and urge to smoke. Methods Participants (N = 229, 42.4% Female, 38.9% black/African American, Mcpd = 21.9) were recruited for a laboratory study of pain and smoking, and these data were collected at the baseline session. Data were analyzed using a series of regressions and conditional process models. Results Current pain intensity was positively associated with urge to smoke, and urge to smoke for the relief of negative affect. There was an indirect association via state negative affect, such that pain intensity was positively associated with negative affect, which in turn was associated with greater urge to smoke. Further, positive associations between pain intensity and urge to smoke were only evident among smokers who endorsed low (vs high) levels of catastrophizing. Conclusions These findings contribute to an emerging literature indicating that pain and related constructs are relevant to the maintenance of tobacco smoking. Future research should examine how painrelevant cognitive-affective factors may influence associations between the experience of pain and motivation to smoke tobacco.
O. TEN HAVE (1899–1974)

Onko ten Have's contribution to the literature on accounting history is especially important because of the otherwise scant coverage of the accounting development in the Low Countries during the 17th and 18th centuries. Other writings of this little-known Dutch author include a study of the life and work of Stevin and essays on general history of accounting. Ten Have's writings reflect his strong interests in economics, statistics, and related fields. He deserves to be ranked with the leading Continental accounting historians of his time.
A Descriptive Literature Review of Harmful Leadership Styles: Definitions, Commonalities, Measurements, Negative Impacts, and Ways to Improve These Harmful Leadership Styles.

There are many ineffective leadership types — the egotistic leader, the incompetent leader, the ignorant leader, and leaders that are reckless, cruel, or even evil. To understand what ultimately are considered leadership traits that are contrary to good order, discipline and productivity, the author conducted a review of the literature to obtain a current typology (the grouping of items by their similarities) of selected ineffective leadership styles — specific styles that are counter to enabling others to succeed, overcome challenges, achieve desired results, and create a positive environment in which to work. The paper defined several ineffective leadership styles, including those considered toxic, abusive, bullying, and disruptive; and set these in context with each other and within the domain of leadership in general. Commonalities, measurements and negative impacts of and ways to improve these ineffective leadership styles were identified from the literature and discussed. Finally, broad conclusions on the way ahead were drawn.
Statin therapy exacerbates alcohol-induced constriction of cerebral arteries via modulation of ethanol-induced BK channel inhibition in vascular smooth muscle

Statins constitute the most commonly prescribed drugs to decrease cholesterol (CLR). CLR is an important modulator of alcohol-induced cerebral artery constriction (AICAC). Using rats on a high CLR diet (2% CLR) we set to determine whether atorvastatin administration (10mg/kg daily for 18-23weeks) modified AICAC. Middle cerebral arteries were pressurized in vitro at 60mmHg and AICAC was evoked by 50mM ethanol, that is within the range of blood alcohol detected in humans following moderate-to-heavy drinking. AICAC was evident in high CLR+atorvastatin group but not in high CLR diet+placebo. Statin exacerbation of AICAC persisted in de-endothelialized arteries, and was blunted by CLR enrichment in vitro. Fluorescence imaging of filipin-stained arteries showed that atorvastatin decreased vascular smooth muscle (VSM) CLR when compared to placebo, this difference being reduced by CLR enrichment in vitro. Voltage- and calcium-gated potassium channels of large conductance (BK) are known VSM targets of ethanol, with their beta1 subunit being necessary for ethanol-induced channel inhibition and resulting AICAC. Ethanol-induced BK inhibition in excised membrane patches from freshly isolated myocytes was exacerbated in the high CLR diet+atorvastatin group when compared to high CLR diet+placebo. Unexpectedly, atorvastatin decreased the amount and function of BK beta1 subunit as documented by immunofluorescence imaging and functional patch-clamp studies. Atorvastatin exacerbation of ethanol-induced BK inhibition disappeared upon artery CLR enrichment in vitro. Our study demonstrates for the first time statin's ability to exacerbate the vascular effect of a widely consumed drug of abuse, this exacerbation being driven by statin modulation of ethanol-induced BK channel inhibition in the VSM via CLR-mediated mechanism.
Cryotherapy and Radiofrequency Ablation for Eradication of Barrett's Esophagus with Dysplasia or Intramucosal Cancer.

Endoscopic ablation therapy has become the mainstay of treatment of Barrett’s associated dysplasia and intramucosal cancer (IMC). The widely available techniques for ablation are radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryotherapy. Our aim was to compare eradication rates of metaplasia and dysplasia with both these modalities. Retrospective review of prospectively collected database of patients who underwent endoscopic therapy for Barrett’s dysplasia or IMC from 2006 to 2011 was performed. Demographic features, comorbidities, and endoscopic data including length of Barrett’s segment, hiatal hernia size, interventions during the endoscopy and histological results were reviewed. Among 154 patients included, 73 patients were in the RFA and 81 patients were in the cryotherapy group. There was complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) in 81 (52.6%), complete eradication of dysplasia (CE-D) in 133 (86.4%), and persistent dysplasia or cancer in 19 patients (12.3%). Compared to RFA, cryotherapy patients were found to be older and less likely to have undergone endoscopic mucosal resection. On multivariate analysis, patients who underwent RFA had a threefold higher odds of having CE-IM than those who underwent cryotherapy (odds ratio [OR] 2.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–6.0, p = 0.004), but CE-D were similar between the two groups (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.66–4.3, p = 0.28). Endoscopic therapy is highly effective in eradication of Barrett’s associated neoplasia. Patients who underwent cryotherapy were equally likely to achieve CE-D but not CE-IM than patients who underwent RFA. Patient characteristics and preferences may effect choice of treatment selection and outcomes.
Author Correction: Super-achromatic monolithic microprobe for ultrahigh-resolution endoscopic optical coherence tomography at 800 nm.

The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the ‘Animal studies’ section of the Methods, which incorrectly read ‘The sheep anesthesia was initiated with ketamine (25 mg kg−1) and then maintained by continuous intravascular (IV) infusion of propofol (800 mg kg−1 h−1) during imaging.’ The correct version states ‘800 µg kg−1 h−1’ in place of ‘800 mg kg−1 h−1’. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.
New Ecological Directions: Isotopes, Genetics, Historical Ecology, Conservation

Chapter 23 reviews a selection of ecologically related areas in which zooarchaeologists have increasingly participated. Zooarchaeological analysis is enriched, rather than supplanted, by stable isotopic analysis of human and animal bones and teeth and analyses of modern and ancient animal DNA. This chapter outlines commonly used stable isotopes and their elucidation of migration, biogeographic change, and ecological relations in archaeological cases. Genomics has clarified domestication of various species while creating more complex narratives of human and animal interaction and movement, as examples in this chapter attest. While as yet on a more modest scale, analysis of aDNA from archaeofaunas offers a significant contribution to wild animal population history. Conservation biologists have recognized that archaeofaunas can testify to species biogeography and regional habitats for long before historic documentation. This chapter outlines complexities of defining baselines for habitat restoration and of communicating with another research community, conservation biologists. As examples here show, aspiring applied zooarchaeologists need good communication skills to discover what conservation biologists want to know, within the “political ecology” of their own work lives, and to translate esoteric zooarchaeological knowledge into information useful to them.
Snapping Facades: Exploring Elastic Instability for the Building Envelope

This article presents an alternative dynamic facade actuation mechanism utilizing the deformation of snapping instability without continuous force application. Based on analytical and numerical stu...
FACS-Seq analysis of Pax3-derived cells identifies non-myogenic lineages in the embryonic forelimb

Skeletal muscle in the forelimb develops during embryonic and fetal development and perinatally. While much is known regarding the molecules involved in forelimb myogenesis, little is known about the specific mechanisms and interactions. Migrating skeletal muscle precursor cells express Pax3 as they migrate into the forelimb from the dermomyotome. To compare gene expression profiles of the same cell population over time, we isolated lineage-traced Pax3+ cells (Pax3 EGFP ) from forelimbs at different embryonic days. We performed whole transcriptome profiling via RNA-Seq of Pax3+ cells to construct gene networks involved in different stages of embryonic and fetal development. With this, we identified genes involved in the skeletal, muscular, vascular, nervous and immune systems. Expression of genes related to the immune, skeletal and vascular systems showed prominent increases over time, suggesting a non-skeletal myogenic context of Pax3-derived cells. Using co-expression analysis, we observed an immune-related gene subnetwork active during fetal myogenesis, further implying that Pax3-derived cells are not a strictly myogenic lineage, and are involved in patterning and three-dimensional formation of the forelimb through multiple systems.
Serials retrospective conversion : project design and in-house implementation

Many factors must be considered in designing a serials retrospective conversion project. Based on their experience with a project deriving records from RLIN and entering records directly into a local NOTIS system, the authors discuss the project design considerations, authority control, recataloging issues, and clean-up problems and solutions. They compare the merits of methods employed in different phases of the project as well as on-going conversion. In converting all currently received serials not cataloged on RLIN, nearly 11,000 fully cataloged and 7,000 uncataloged titles were added to the University of Iowa database.
Deep learning based imaging data completion for improved brain disease diagnosis.

Combining multi-modality brain data for disease diagnosis commonly leads to improved performance. A challenge in using multi-modality data is that the data are commonly incomplete; namely, some modality might be missing for some subjects. In this work, we proposed a deep learning based framework for estimating multi-modality imaging data. Our method takes the form of convolutional neural networks, where the input and output are two volumetric modalities. The network contains a large number of trainable parameters that capture the relationship between input and output modalities. When trained on subjects with all modalities, the network can estimate the output modality given the input modality. We evaluated our method on the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, where the input and output modalities are MRI and PET images, respectively. Results showed that our method significantly outperformed prior methods.
Improving Prairie Restorations

Introduction Deciding when and how to plant prairie to simultaneously establish native prairie seedlings and prevent weed (non-prairie species) invasion can be challenging. Planting cover crops is an increasingly common management practice for prairie plantings. The idea is based on the assumption that the cover plant will act as a nurse plant to prairie seedlings and will have a positive effect on seedling recruitment by increasing weed suppression. This is predicted to lead to reduced weed biomass and increased prairie establishment in restoration plantings.
1,4-Dihydropyridines as Modulators of Voltage-Dependent Calcium-Channel Activity

The interaction of l,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) ligands with their receptors in a variety of tissues has been shown to be highly stereospecific. DHP analogs which differ in substitutions to either the dihydropyridine or aryl ring have markedly different activities and inotropic effects. Moreover, the observation that drug enantiomeric pairs possess opposing inotropic activities suggests a complex interconnection between the ligand structure (orientation/conformation) and the configuration of the receptor-binding domain. In general, these ligands have both high partition coefficients and binding affinities. The pathway of approach for the drug-receptor interaction may dictate the allowable drug conformations and orientations, which would then have an impact on the “success”of drug collisions with a stereos elective binding domain. In particular, ligands which partition into the membrane would be affected by the local microenvironment, producing an energy-minimized eqilibrium conformation and orientation. It is anticipated that the process of bilayer partition is rapid on the receptor-binding time scale, and as such, the conformationallorientational equilibrium would be established long before the actual binding event (see Fig. 3). Knowledge of the contributing factors for bilayer location, orientation, and conformation in concert with structure - function relationships and molecular modeling approaches might facilitate drug design efforts. Drug design, in turn, can have an impact on the clinical efficacy of these ligands as they are used to treat and control cardiovascular abnormalities.
Oceanography of the Southern California Current System Relevant to Fisheries

The descriptive physical oceanography of the California Current System has been well reviewed in the literature. In this chapter I provide an up to date summary of the features that are most relevant to fisheries oceanography. I start with the various regional physical classifications of the California Current System, followed by the main bathymetric features of the core CalCOFI area. I describe the water sources and properties, and then the geostrophically mapped currents. The relative importance of advection and upwelling to production in the California Current System is a key theme of this chapter. I describe the seasonal cycle based on remote sensing, and the spring transition from winter to upwelling conditions. I address processes affecting biological production off central California, and both in and offshore of the Southern California Bight (SCB). These processes include advection, geostrophic adjustment, wind stress curl, seasonal overturn, Sverdrup transport, wind-driven upwelling and wind relaxation events. I discuss important processes and structures in their regional context. Wind-driven coastal upwelling, wind-relaxation events, and eddy-like flows are more important off central California. Geostrophic adjustment, seasonal convective overturn, wind stress curl, Sverdrup transport in the nearshore, the deep chlorophyll maximum and fronts are described in the context of southern California.
Utilizing Netflow Data to Detect Slow Read Attacks

Attackers can leverage several techniques to compromise computer networks, ranging from sophisticated malware to DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks that target the application layer. Application layer DDoS attacks, such as Slow Read, are implemented with just enough traffic to tie up CPU or memory resources causing web and application servers to go offline. Such attacks can mimic legitimate network requests making them difficult to detect. They also utilize less volume than traditional DDoS attacks. These low volume attack methods can often go undetected by network security solutions until it is too late. In this paper, we explore the use of machine learners for detecting Slow Read DDoS attacks on web servers at the application layer. Our approach uses a generated dataset based upon Netflow data collected at the application layer on a live network environment. Our Netflow data uses the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) standard providing significant flexibility and features. These Netflow features can process and handle a growing amount of traffic and have worked well in our previous DDoS work detecting evasion techniques. Our generated dataset consists of real-world network data collected from a production network. We use eight different classifiers to build Slow Read attack detection models. Our wide selection of learners provides us with a more comprehensive analysis of Slow Read detection models. Experimental results show that the machine learners were quite successful in identifying the Slow Read attacks with a high detection and low false alarm rate. The experiment demonstrates that our chosen Netflow features are discriminative enough to detect such attacks accurately
Validation of a Kinect V2 based rehabilitation game

Interactive technologies are beneficial to stroke recovery as rehabilitation interventions; however, they lack evidence for use as assessment tools. Mystic Isle is a multi-planar full-body rehabilitation game developed using the Microsoft Kinect® V2. It aims to help stroke patients improve their motor function and daily activity performance and to assess the motions of the players. It is important that the assessment results generated from Mystic Isle are accurate. The Kinect V2 has been validated for tracking lower limbs and calculating gait-specific parameters. However, few studies have validated the accuracy of the Kinect® V2 skeleton model in upper-body movements. In this paper, we evaluated the spatial accuracy and measurement validity of a Kinect-based game Mystic Isle in comparison to a gold-standard optical motion capture system, the Vicon system. Thirty participants completed six trials in sitting and standing. Game data from the Kinect sensor and the Vicon system were recorded simultaneously, then filtered and sample rate synchronized. The spatial accuracy was evaluated using Pearson’s r correlation coefficient, signal to noise ratio (SNR) and 3D distance difference. Each arm-joint signal had an average correlation coefficient above 0.9 and a SNR above 5. The hip joints data had less stability and a large variation in SNR. Also, the mean 3D distance difference of joints were less than 10 centimeters. For measurement validity, the accuracy was evaluated using mean and standard error of the difference, percentage error, Pearson’s r correlation coefficient and intra-class correlation (ICC). Average errors of maximum hand extent of reach were less than 5% and the average errors of mean and maximum velocities were about 10% and less than 5%, respectively. We have demonstrated that Mystic Isle provides accurate measurement and assessment of movement relative to the Vicon system.
Abstract 3398: Interaction of STAT proteins with genistein: A computational analysis

Background: Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins are a seven-member family of cytoplasmic proteins. A conserved SH2 domain facilitates STAT initiation by allowing binding to phosphotyrosine motifs for STAT-receptor interactions and STAT dimerization. STAT proteins (STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3) are promising targets for anti-cancer drugs, because irregular facilitation of STAT initiation may result in cancer, inflammation and auto-immunity. Methods: The crystal structure of the phosphotyrosine STAT1 and STAT3 dimers bound to DNA was obtained from a protein data bank (PDB), while STAT2 was modelled through Swiss-Model workspace by using 1YVL as a template. The stereochemical quality and integrity of STAT2 was tested by RAMPAGE server, ERRAT, ProSA, and Verify3D programs. The active sites were predicted using CASTp 3.0 with a new algorithm, which identifies and measures surface accessible pockets and interior inaccessible cavities on STAT1, STAT2, and STAT3. MD (molecular dynamics) simulation was conducted with STAT2 protein. Molecular Docking was used to predict the binding modes and approximate binding free energies of genistein to STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 SH2 dimerization sites. Genistein was docked into the active site with AutoDock Vina in PyRx Virtual Screening tool. Results: Genistein showed best binding energies. The most successful binding energies were -5.6 (STAT1), -6.7 (STAT2), -6.3 (STAT3) kcal/mol respectively. The binding interactions of this compound with the active site of STAT proteins suggested that amino acid residues (Tyr631, Leu639, Tyr640, Glu643, His647, Met648, Gln649, Ile659, Met660 and LYS16) play a crucial role in anti-cancer activity. Conclusion: These observations increase the understanding of the functional role of STAT proteins in cancer and allow better development for additional druggable STAT inhibitors with high potency, specificity and outstanding bioavailability. Citation Format: Sneha Govardhanagiri, Shipra Reddy Bethi, Madhu Sudhana Saddala, Bassel F. El-Rayes, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju. Interaction of STAT proteins with genistein: A computational analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3398.
Characterizing Reimbursements for Medicare Patients Receiving Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair at Vascular Quality Initiative Centers.

Background Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVR) has a major financial impact on health care systems. We characterized reimbursement for index EVR hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries having surgery at Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) centers. Methods We linked Medicare claims to VQI clinical registry data for patients undergoing EVR from 2003 to 2015. Analysis was limited to patients fully covered by fee-for-service Medicare parts A and B in the year of their operation and assigned a corresponding diagnosis-related group for EVR. The primary outcome was Medicare's reimbursement for inpatient hospital and professional services, adjusted to 2015 dollars. We performed descriptive analysis of reimbursement over time and univariate analysis to evaluate patient demographics, clinical characteristics, procedural variables, and postoperative events associated with reimbursement. This informed a multilevel regression model used to identify factors independently associated with EVR reimbursement and quantify VQI center-level variation in reimbursement. Results We studied 9,403 Medicare patients who underwent EVR at VQI centers during the study period. Reimbursements declined from $37,450 ± $9,350 (mean ± standard deviation) in 2003 to $27,723 ± $10,613 in 2015 (test for trend, P Conclusions Reimbursement for EVR declined between 2003 and 2015. We identified preoperative clinical factors independently associated with reimbursement and quantified the impact of different postoperative complications on reimbursement. More work is needed to better understand the substantial variation observed in reimbursement at the center level.
CRISPR-Cas9 modified bacteriophage for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus induced osteomyelitis and soft tissue infection

Osteomyelitis, or bone infection, is often induced by antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria. Although debridement and long-term administration of antibiotics are the gold standard for osteomyelitis treatment, the increase in prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains limits the ability of clinicians to effectively treat infection. Bacteriophages (phages), viruses that in a lytic state can effectively kill bacteria, have gained recent attention for their high specificity, abundance in nature, and minimal risk of host toxicity. Previously, we have shown that CRISPR-Cas9 genomic editing techniques could be utilized to expand temperate bacteriophage host range and enhance bactericidal activity through modification of the tail fiber protein. In a dermal infection study, these CRISPR-Cas9 phages reduced bacterial load relative to unmodified phage. Thus we hypothesized this temperate bacteriophage, equipped with the CRISPR-Cas9 bactericidal machinery, would be effective at mitigating infection from a biofilm forming S. aureus strain in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, qualitative fluorescent imaging demonstrated superiority of phage to conventional vancomycin and fosfomycin antibiotics against S. aureus biofilm. Quantitative antibiofilm effects increased over time, at least partially, for all fosfomycin, phage, and fosfomycin-phage (dual) therapeutics delivered via alginate hydrogel. We developed an in vivo rat model of osteomyelitis and soft tissue infection that was reproducible and challenging and enabled longitudinal monitoring of infection progression. Using this model, phage (with and without fosfomycin) delivered via alginate hydrogel were successful in reducing soft tissue infection but not bone infection, based on bacteriological, histological, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Notably, the efficacy of phage at mitigating soft tissue infection was equal to that of high dose fosfomycin. Future research may utilize this model as a platform for evaluation of therapeutic type and dose, and alternate delivery vehicles for osteomyelitis mitigation.
Opioid use is associated with incomplete capsule endoscopy examinations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a non-invasive imaging modality designed to evaluate various small bowel pathologies. Failure to reach the cecum within the battery lifespan, termed incomplete examination, may result in inadequate testing and possibly delayed therapy. Several studies have attempted to evaluate the association between CE completion and opioid use. However, their results are conflicting. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the previously published literature on the association between opioid use and CE completion. Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, PubMed Central, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases from inception through June 1, 2018, to identify all studies that evaluated the association between CE completion and opioid use. We included studies that presented an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) or presented the data sufficient to calculate the OR with a 95% CI. Statistical analysis was performed using the comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA), version 3 software. Results: Five studies with a total of 1,614 patients undergoing CE in the inpatient (IP) and outpatient (OP) setting were included in this study, 349 of which had an incomplete CE (21.6%). The pooled OR for CE completion is 0.50 (95% CI: 0.38–0.66, I2=36.9%) in opioid users compared to non-users. No publication bias was found using Egger’s regression test. Conclusions: Our results indicate that patients on opioids are significantly less likely to have a complete CE examination compared to non-users. To our knowledge, this study represents the first meta-analysis to assess this association.
New Venture Initiation: Factors Influencing Success

The authors recognize that the definition of "entrepreneur'' may still be subject to varying interpretation. For the purposes of this study, the tenn entrepreneur will be used to include a broad entrepreneurial behavior along the lines of Hisrich and Peters' definition that ''Entrepre­ neurship is the process of creating something different with value by devoting the necessary time and effort, assuming the accompanying financial, psychic and social risks and receiving the resulting rewards of monetary and personal satisfaction" (5).Previous research on entrepreneurial success, has explored both the cognitive and behav­ ioral characteristics of the entrepreneur as well as the contextual variables surrounding the business venture. This study has been designed to explore specific variables relative to (a) the entrepreneur, (b) the context of the business venture and (c) the product or service itself. Itis the intent of this survey to identify and confinn the impact these variables have on the initiation and eventual success of new business ventures.
Opioid Antagonist Effects in Animal Models Related to Opioid Abuse: Drug Discrimination and Drug Self-Administration

Preclinical assays of drug discrimination and drug self-administration are widely used to examine abuse-related drug effects, and opioid antagonists have been extensively studied in these procedures. Studies with opioid antagonists have served two general purposes. First, antagonists selective for mu, kappa and delta receptors have been used as tools to characterize the pharmacological and neuroanatomical mechanisms that underlie the discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects of opioids. Studies with antagonists have contributed to evidence suggesting that activation of central mu, kappa or delta receptors can mediate robust and receptor-selective discriminative stimulus effects. Conversely, the reinforcing effects of opioids in assays of drug self-administration appear to rely primarily on central mu receptor activation. A second rationale for antagonist studies has been to examine factors that may influence antagonist utility in the treatment of opioid abuse and dependence. In non-dependent animals, opioid antagonists such as naltrexone effectively block the discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects of abused opioid agonists while producing minimal side effects. However, opioid antagonists themselves produce weak discriminative stimulus effects and do not function as positive reinforcers. In opioid-dependent animals, opioid antagonists precipitate withdrawal, readily function as negative reinforcers that engender avoidance/escape behaviours, and increase the reinforcing efficacy of opioid agonists. These factors likely contribute to the poor compliance with opioid antagonists observed in clinical studies. Compliance could be improved by integrating antagonist treatment into behaviours maintained by other stimuli (e.g. contingency management) or by using very long-acting opioid antagonist formulations to reduce the frequency required for antagonist administration.
Fluid equations of state

The text considers the ideal gas and van der Waals equations of state in some detail. In addition to these, we summarize here several more-accurate equations of state. This appendix presents but a small fraction of such equations. A more comprehensive discussion of the quality of such equations is given in [118]. Note that all fluid equations of state reduce to the general ideal gas at low densities. For small deviations from ideal behavior, the virial expansion is the most reliable. However, it is not appropriate for predicting vapor–liquid equilibria. The cubic equations of state are straightforward to use and computationally simple. However, some sacrifice must be made for accuracy. Of these, the Peng–Robinson, Soave–Redlich–Kwong, and Schmidt–Wenzel equations are usually superior. However, all cubic equations are suspect near the critical region. For an excellent review of many such equations, see [5]. If computational ease should be sacrificed for accuracy, the Benedict–Webb–Rubin and the Anderko–Pitzer equations are usually more accurate. The parameters in the cubic PVT equations of state are usually determined from the critical properties of a fluid, and these equations are given. Critical values for a few substances are given in Table D.3 in Appendix D. More values can be found from the NIST web page. If the critical values of a substance are not known, they may be estimated from group methods on the basis of the chemical structure of the substance. These methods are reviewed in [102].
Consistent localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 over TMPRSS2 predominance in placental villi of 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads.

Abstract Introduction While the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant global health impact, rates of maternal to infant vertical transmission remain low ( Methods An extended placental tissue cohort including samples from 15 COVID-19 positive maternal-fetal dyads (with n = 5 cases with evidence of fetal transmission) in comparison with 10 contemporary COVID-19 negative controls. Using comparative immunofluorescence, we examined the localization and relative tissue abundance of SARS-CoV2 spike glycoprotein (CoV2 SP) along with the co-localization of two SARS-CoV2 viral entry proteins angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). Results/conclusions CoV2 SP was present within the villous placenta in COVID-19 positive pregnancies with and without evidence of fetal transmission. We further identified the predominance of ACE2 expression in comparison with TMPRSS2. Importantly, both CoV2 SP and ACE2 expression consistently localized primarily within the outer syncytiotrophoblast layer placental villi, a key physiologic interface between mother and fetus. Overall this study provides an important basis for the ongoing evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 physiology in pregnancy and highlights the importance of the placenta as a key source of primary human tissue for ongoing diagnostic and therapeutic research efforts to reduce the global burden of COVID-19.
Impact of Postoperative Complications on Oncologic Outcomes After Rectal Cancer Surgery: An Analysis of the US Rectal Cancer Consortium

Postoperative complications (POCs) are associated with worse oncologic outcomes in several cancer types. The implications of complications after rectal cancer surgery are not well studied. The United States Rectal Cancer Consortium (2007–2017) was reviewed for primary rectal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent R0/R1 resection. Ninety-day POCs were categorized as major or minor and were grouped into infectious, cardiopulmonary, thromboembolic, renal, or intestinal dysmotility. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Among 1136 patients, the POC rate was 46% (n = 527), with 63% classified as minor and 32% classified as major. Of all POCs, infectious complications comprised 20%, cardiopulmonary 3%, thromboembolic 5%, renal 9%, and intestinal dysmotility 19%. Compared with minor or no POCs, major POCs were associated with both worse RFS and worse OS (both p < 0.01). Compared with no POCs, a single POC was associated with worse RFS (p < 0.01), while multiple POCs were associated with worse OS (p = 0.02). Regardless of complication grade, infectious POCs were associated with worse RFS (p < 0.01), while cardiopulmonary and thromboembolic POCs were associated with worse OS (both p < 0.01). Renal POCs were associated with both worse RFS (p < 0.001) and worse OS (p = 0.01). After accounting for pathologic stage, neoadjuvant therapy, and final margin status, Multivariable analysis (MVA) demonstrated worse outcomes with cardiopulmonary, thromboembolic, and renal POCs for OS (cardiopulmonary: hazard ratio [HR] 3.6, p = 0.01; thromboembolic: HR 19.4, p < 0.01; renal: HR 2.4, p = 0.01), and renal and infectious POCs for RFS (infectious: HR 2.1, p < 0.01; renal: HR 3.2, p < 0.01). Major complications after proctectomy for cancer are associated with decreased RFS and OS. Given the association of infectious complications and postoperative renal dysfunction with earlier recurrence of disease, efforts must be directed towards defining best practices and standardizing care.
Effect of Surface Texture on Pinhole Formation in SiOx-Based Passivated Contacts for High-Performance Silicon Solar Cells.

High-efficiency silicon solar cells rely on some form of passivating contact structure to reduce recombination losses at the crystalline silicon surface and losses at the metal/Si contact interface. One such structure is polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) on oxide, where heavily doped poly-Si is deposited on a SiOx layer grown directly on the crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafer. Depending on the thickness of the SiOx layer, the charge carriers can cross this layer by tunneling ( 2 nm). In this work, we study structures with tunneling- or pinhole-like SiOx contacts grown on pyramidally textured c-Si wafers and expose variations in the SiOx layer properties related to surface morphology using electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) imaging. Using EBIC, we identify and mark regions with potential pinholes in the SiOx layer. We further perform high-resolution transmission electron microscopy on the same areas, thus allowing us to directly correlate locally enhanced carrier collection with variations in the structure of the SiOx layer. Our results show that the pinholes in the SiOx layer preferentially form in different locations based on the annealing conditions used to form the device. With greater understanding of these processes and by controlling the surface texture geometry, there is potential to control the size and spatial distribution of oxide disruptions in silicon solar cells with poly-Si on oxide-type contacts; usually, this is a random phenomenon on polished or planar surfaces. Such control will enable us to consistently produce high-efficiency devices with low recombination currents and low junction resistances using this contact structure.
A Framework for Evaluating Myocardial Stiffness Using 3D-Printed Hearts

MRI-driven computational modeling is increasingly used to simulate in vivo cardiac mechanical behavior and estimate subject-specific myocardial stiffness. However, in vivo validation of these estimates is exceedingly difficult due to the lack of a known ground-truth in vivo myocardial stiffness. We have developed 3D-printed heart phantoms of known myocardium-mimicking stiffness and MRI relaxation properties and incorporated the heart phantoms within a highly controlled MRI-compatible setup to simulate in vivo diastolic filling. The setup enables the acquisition of experimental data needed to evaluate myocardial stiffness using computational constitutive modeling: phantom geometry, loading pressures, boundary conditions, and filling strains. The pressure-volume relationship obtained from the phantom setup was used to calibrate an in silico model of the heart phantom undergoing simulated diastolic filling. The model estimated stiffness was compared with ground-truth stiffness obtained from uniaxial tensile testing. Ultimately, the setup is designed to enable extensive validation of MRI and FEM-based myocardial stiffness estimation frameworks.
Linking self-report and process data to performance as measured by different assessment types

Abstract This study was motivated by a need to understand the extent to which behavioral indicators of engagement from digital log data are associated with various student learning outcomes above and beyond self-reported levels of engagement, and whether the strength of these associations vary depending on the type of learning outcome. Student learning was assessed by way of four distinct learning outcomes that varied according to stakes (low-v. high-stakes) and span (one-time v. aggregated). Participants included high school students between 14 and 18 years of age enrolled in an AP Statistics course (N = 320, M age = 16.76 years, SD age = 0.85; 60.2% female) who had consented to use an online assessment system over the course of an academic year that was designed to provide personalized performance reports. While largely uncorrelated with self-report measures, certain process data variables were significantly correlated with learning outcomes. In particular, students’ frequency of score report checking, an indication of feedback-seeking behavior, while uncorrelated with self-reported student engagement, was associated with all learning outcomes. Other behaviors, such as the number of log-in sessions and the duration of sessions, were not. These findings suggest that process data from online assessment systems can help broaden and deepen our understanding of student behavior above and beyond self-report. That said, given that the volume and complexity of process data can make it challenging to mine and interpret, researchers must consider theory when identifying process data variables that are critical to the understanding of constructs of interest.
From the Artist’s Contract to the Blockchain Ledger: New Forms of Artists’ Funding Using NFTs, Fractional Equity, and Resale Royalties

Although the Artist’s Contract, first developed in 1971, was not broadly adopted in its early decades, renewed interest in it fifty years later has led to inventive related structures that are enabled by blockchain technology, in particular the phenomenon of NFT (non-fungible token) sales in art. We argue that the Contract’s conceptual roots have laid groundwork for a potentially powerful funding mechanism via the Contract’s resale royalties terms. Blockchain technology radically alters risks of incomplete contracting and lowers transaction costs, making the Quixotic terms of the Artist’s Contract newly actionable. We study the artist Hans Haacke’s longtime experimentation with the Artist’s Contract, along with contemporary data from the blockchain registry SuperRare, which pays royalties to artists. Blockchain companies such as SuperRare generally sell digital works outside the taste-making and gate-keeping systems of the upper echelons of the traditional art market. This arc from conceptual practice within the arts to commercial practice at the edge of the traditional art market points to the Contract’s legacy as a model for potentially disruptive technology and a new fundraising model for artists.
James Baldwin's Narrative of Black-White Kinship

In my larger project, I study James Baldwin’s interventions into black freedom movements and I examine his critical dialogue with white people in his time. At the heart of his interventions is a concept that I call boundness — a concept that posits white and black people in America as bound together in what is “literally and morally a blood relationship.” Baldwin describes America as a deeply troubled house in which white people commit violence against and deny their fundamental relatedness to black people. My claim is that the political power of Baldwin’s rhetorical deployment of boundness lies in the disruptive capacity of centering intimacy and impurity in theorizing about race. In the black and white framework, race making has been grounded in myths of and desire for white purity and separation. Impurity and intimacy are Baldwin’s correctives. In this conference paper, using two different texts, I will present Baldwin’s concept of boundness and I will examine some of the rhetorical techniques of Baldwin’s interventions. In particular, I will study the larger kinship narrative, his destabilization of racial categories and his selective use of racial signifiers. I will pay particular attention to Baldwin’s interventions into black nationalist movements and integrationist movements in his time, and I will consider what political space his ideas can open for us today.
A Guide to Teaching Research Methods in Psychology

Series Editor's Preface. Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. An Introduction to Psychological Research Methods: Course Content and Pedagogical Considerations. 2. Getting Ready to Teach. 3. Teaching Psychology as a Science. 4. Ethical Considerations in Psychological Research: Teaching Issues. 5. Teaching Reliability and Validity. 6. Teaching the Distinction between Experimental and Nonexperimental Research Methods. 7. Teaching the Relation between Statistics and Research Methods. 8. Teaching the Distinction between Large-N and Small-N Research Designs. 9. The Laboratory as Teaching Tool. 10. Innovative Approaches to Teaching Research Methods. 11. Reflection and Revision. Appendix: Professional Development Resources in the Teaching of Psychology. Index...