cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Model for color conversion

Color conversion model of equivalences under various illuminants, reducing problem to chromatic adaptation with nonlinear von Kries formulation
Low-order modeling of resonance for fixed-valve micropumps based on first principles

Micropumps that utilize fixed-valves, i.e., valves having no moving parts, are relatively easy to fabricate and inherently reliable due to their simplicity. Since fixed-valves do not close, pumps based on them need to operate in a well-designed resonant mode in order to attain flow rates and pressures comparable with other designs. However, no methodology currently exists to efficiently investigate all the design parameters including valve size to achieve optimal resonant response. A methodology that addresses this problem is 1) the determination of optimal parameters including valve size with a low-order linear model capable of nonempirical prediction of resonant behavior, and 2) the independent determination of the best valve shape for maximal valve action over a target Reynolds number range. This study addresses the first of these two steps. The hypothesis of this study is that the resonant behavior of a fixed-valve micropump can be accurately predicted from first principles, i.e., with knowledge only of geometric parameters and physical constants. We utilized a new low-order model that treats the valves as straight rectangular channels, for which the unsteady solution to the Navier-Stokes equations is exact and with which the problem was linearized. Agreement with experiment using pump-like devices with valves replaced by straight channels was found to be excellent, thereby demonstrating the efficacy of the model for describing all aspects of the pump except actual valves. Agreement with experiment using pumps with Tesla-type valves was within 20 percent. With such accuracy and without the need for empirical data, the model makes possible reliable, efficient investigation and optimization of over 30 geometric and material parameters.
A Novel Bioassay for Detecting GPCR Heterodimerization: Transactivation of Beta 2 Adrenergic Receptor by Bradykinin Receptor

Many G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been shown to form heteromeric complexes primarily by biochemical methods, including competitive radioligand binding assays or measurements of changes ...
Using a term-long project sequence in introductory statistics

Abstract We propose a series of projects for introductory data analysis classes using a single, real multivariate dataset. The assignments combine four current trends in statistics education: Computers, real data, collaborative learning, and writing. Completing the project sequence allows students to appreciate and understand the interconnectedness of statistical concepts. We present rationale for the assignments including five objectives. We provide institutional and course background, an explanation of the data source and variables, grading criteria, a summary of each project, and an assessment of student learning. We conclude with a Web address to facilitate implementation of this approach.
Speed-spacing dependency on relative speed from the adjacent lane: New insights for car following models

Abstract This paper examines the traffic dynamics underlying a recently observed phenomenon, the so called “sympathy of speeds” whereby a high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane seemingly exhibits lower vehicular capacity and lower flow at speeds throughout the congested regime compared to the adjacent general purpose (GP) lanes. Unlike previous studies this paper examines a time-of-day HOV lane. During the non-HOV periods the study lane reverts to a GP lane, thereby providing a control condition for the specific lane and location. This work uses the single vehicle passage (svp) method to group vehicle passages before measuring the traffic state and extends the svp to bin vehicles in the study lane based on the relative speed to the adjacent lane. The extended svp method allows the work to also study the impacts during the non-HOV periods when the study lane serves GP vehicles. This work finds that: (1) during the non-HOV periods the study lane exhibited behavior indistinguishable from the adjacent GP lane. (2) The sympathy of speeds persists throughout the day, even when the study lane serves GP vehicles. (3) The relative speed to the adjacent lane provided a better predictor of behavior than whether or not the HOV restriction is active. In short, the car following behavior that gives rise to the sympathy of speeds is unrelated to the HOV restriction per se, persisting under GP operations as well. This dependency on the relative speed in the adjacent lane is an important finding given the fact that most existing car following models assume that the longitudinal acceleration of a following vehicle is strictly a function of the relationship to the leading vehicle in the same lane. Because drivers in general adopt a larger spacing when faced with a high differential in speed between lanes means that car following behavior also depends on the relative speed to the adjacent lane. This fact has likely gone unnoticed to date because generally the conditions that give rise to a differential in speeds between lanes are usually short lived, and thus, do not become apparent in conventional macroscopic data except under exceptional circumstances that include confounding factors like HOV operations.
The Armenian Genocide, AKA the Elephant in the Room

The summer of 2015 will perhaps be remembered as a watershed moment in the annals of racism in the United States. What had been normalized for decades by the southern states and giant retailers in “postracist” America was institutionally delegitimized almost overnight. Upping the ante, the department store giant Macy's announced it will discontinue Donald Trump merchandise because of Trump's racist remarks. A mere half century after the 1964 Civil Rights Act, in a perfect act of Foucauldian governmentality and market regulation from above, American business interests aggressively interfered in redefining the discursive and symbolic boundaries of the new mainstream normativity and truth in the United States. One can safely say that symbolic and actual denial of slavery and racist essentialism as normalized discourses in mainstream US culture and scholarship took another institutional blow, even though some reactionary book review here and there can still make its way into the mainstream, and even though defeating “dog whistle politics” is much more difficult than defeating outright racist symbols or speech.
Point Defects in Solids

The properties of solid matter depend significantly on the distribution, mobility and mode of point defects like interstitial atoms, vacancies and holes. The methods of fracture mechanics enable us to derive the forces driving the point defects, study their motion, and thus predict the corresponding response of the solid matter. The technique of invariant integrals is extensively explored in this chapter for the derivation of the defect-driving forces, and the solution of some problems relating to the motion of the defects. The method of invariant integrals introduced earlier by the present author is treated here as an alternative approach to the basic classic theories of mathematical physics including gravitational theory, electromagnetic field theory, nonequilibrium thermodynamics, gas dynamics and elasticity theory. Arts of the formulation of well-posed governing equations of the physical problems and skills for their solution are also developed in this chapter.
Research on Environment and Behavior: A Personal Statement of Strategy

This chapter describes an approach to research on environment and behavior that also has implications for social-psychological research in general. I will not offer a “theory,” in terms of hypotheses and testable propositions, nor will I present a “methodology,” in the sense of procedures or techniques. Rather I will set forth a general strategy for research on environmental and social-psychological phenomena, a kind of perspective within which one can pose specific theoretical and methodological questions.
Multisensory Information Processing for Enhanced Human-Machine Symbiosis

Multisensory information processing is a basic feature of neural systems and has been exploited to facilitate development of Army systems that augment Soldier performance through multisensory displays. However, the full potential of these systems has yet to be determined and will require understanding fundamental features of the underlying neurophysiology of multisensory processing, the neuroergonomics of multisensory machine interface and analytical methods for neural signal analysis, dimensionality reduction and pattern recognition. Here, findings from basic and applied research efforts will be presented that have focused on various aspects of human (brain)-computer interfaces to uncover understanding in these areas and mediate recent technological developments in multisensory display technology, passive mental state detection, attention/orientation detection, and human activities recognition from video in general. Based on the knowledge of multisensory processes acquired from these efforts there are emerging opportunities for creating new human gesture-controlled recognition systems based upon multimodal data analysis which will allow for unprecedented human-machine symbiosis.
A 16-year-old transplant patient with amnesia, insomnia, and visual hallucinations.

A 16-year-old boy with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia received induction (vincristine, prednisone, pegylated asparaginase, and daunorubicin) and consolidation chemotherapy (systemic and intrathecal methotrexate, cytarabine, 6-mercaptopurine, vincristine, pegylated asparaginase, and nelarabine). He achieved complete remission and proceeded to total body irradiation, fludarabine, and cyclophosphamide with an unrelated double cord stem cell transplant. He received cyclosporine as prophylaxis against graft vs host disease and acyclovir as prophylaxis against herpetic infections. Three weeks later, he developed retrograde and anterograde amnesia, visual hallucinations, and insomnia. He was found to be intermittently confused with staring spells. He reported brief episodes of visual hallucinations consisting of deja-vu, sometimes accompanied by a perception that objects would gradually recede and become smaller (teleopsia). Mini-Mental State Examination was notable for impaired recall of objects at 5 minutes despite preserved registration. He had impaired concentration and attention and was only able to follow simple requests of up to 3 steps. The remainder of the neurologic examination was normal. EEG showed no epileptic discharges but intermittent, medium amplitude 4 to 5 Hz polymorphic activity of the left hemisphere, predominantly in sleep. MRI showed increased fluid-attenuated inversion recovery signal in the medial temporal lobes (figure, A–C). Cyclosporine level was 1,190 ng/mL, having been between 93 and 253 ng/mL over the last week (normal range 100–400 ng/mL).
Error Estimation and Adaptation in Hybridized Discontinuous Galerkin Methods

rst- and second-order systems of conservation laws. A discrete adjoint solution is obtained by a Schurcomplement solver similar to that used in the primal problem. An error estimate is obtained by computing the adjoint on an enriched solution space that consists of uniform order renement of both the element and the face approximations. The error is given by the adjoint-weighted residual, the localized contributions of which provide an adaptive error indicator for hanging-node h-renement. Results for inviscid, laminar, and Reynolds-averaged turbulent compressible Navier-Stokes simulations in two and three dimensions demonstrate some of the potential gains of output-based adaptivity for hybridized discontinuous Galerkin discretizations.
Four Corner Intercarpal Arthrodesis

Intercarpal arthrodesis is a common motion sparring procedure for post-traumatic arthritis of the wrist. Untreated scaphoid non-union or scapholunate ligament injury often leads to progressive arthritis of the wrist that can be salvaged by proximal row carpectomy (PRC), limited intercarpal arthrodesis or total wrist fusion. Most surgeons elect to perform a motion sparring procedure in lieu of total wrist fusion. PRC is favored by many because of the ease of surgery and no need to obtain bony union. However, several reports are pessimistic about the out comes of the PRC operation in the long term. Most agree that the four corner arthrodesis with scaphoid excision is the optimal reconstruction to maintain wrist motion and strength and provide long-term durability.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
InterFeriNg with Acetγlation: Stress-Levels of Acetate Improve Memory T Cell Function

Catabolic stress can lead to changes in circulating acetate levels. In this issue of Immunity, Balmer et al. (2016) report that serum acetate increases in response to acute infection and describe a mechanism by which this results in acetylation of the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH and improves the recall function of memory CD8(+) T cells.
The Future of Cardiovascular Surgery

Cardiac surgery has been a vibrant field since the early pioneering procedures were attempted, became successful, and eventually reproducible. From the successful closure of a patent ductus arteriosus in 1938 and the Blalock-Taussig shunt, discovery and innovation have been the hallmarks of cardiac surgery.1 Dr John Gibbon’s first clinical use of the heart lung machine in 1953 opened the door to diverting the circulation and oxygenating the blood, making open heart surgery to repair congenital defects and valvular lesions possible.4 The development of safe myocardial preservation with solutions to protect the heart opened the surgical world to complex prolonged cardiac procedures and made cardiac transplantation feasible. Routine preservation of myocardial structure and function for periods of several hours has been achieved. The future holds dramatic advances that will transform the cardiac surgeon, in part, into an interventionalist with new skills in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to structural heart disease. The burden of ischemic heart disease in our society challenges the multiple approaches used to treat coronary artery disease. Advances in primary and secondary prevention have finally had an impact; however, current therapy for acute myocardial infarction is primarily culprit vessel percutaneous coronary intervention or occasionally coronary artery bypass surgery. Surgery has been necessary for the mechanical complications of myocardial infarction including mitral regurgitation, ventricular septal defect, or cardiac rupture. However, the future will see the effective use of percutaneous closure devices for postinfarction ventricular septal defect and the use of a variety of devices for acute postinfarction mitral regurgitation. Treatment of unstable angina, chronic stable angina, or left main disease remains a dynamic field with competing interventional and surgical approaches. Data from randomized clinical trials and larger registries have helped define subgroups and have informed us of some of the best treatment strategies for patient subsets. Professional cardiology …
SU-F-T-464: Development of a Secondary Check Procedure to Evaluated Flatness and Symmetry Discrepancies Detected During Daily Morning QA

Purpose: A daily QA device is used to monitor output, flatness and symmetry constancy for all linac photon and electron energies. If large deviations from baseline in flatness or symmetry are reported it becomes necessary to crosscheck the measurements with a second device. Setting up another device such as Matrixx (IBA Dosimetry) can be time consuming, due to its warm-up time, and trained personnel may not be readily available to analyze the results. Furthermore, this discrepancy is frequently isolated to a single energy. Unaffected energies could still be used, avoiding further patient delays, if a method to gather data for offline analysis could be developed. We find that optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLDs) provide a quick, simple, and inexpensive solution to this important clinical problem. Methods: The exact geometry of the detectors on the daily tracker (Keithley Therapy Beam Evaluator) was reproduced by placing nanoDot OSLDs (Landauer) on a solid water phantom. A combination of bolus and solid water was placed on top to provide buildup and prevent air gaps. Standard daily measurements of output, flatness and symmetry were taken for 2 photon energies (6x,10x) and 5 electron energies (6e,9e,12e,15e,18e) using the tracker. These measurements were then repeated with the OSLD phantom. Results: The time it took to set up the OSLD phantom was comparable to that of the tracker. The inline and crossline OSLD phantom measurements of flatness and symmetry agreed with the tracker results to within 2%. Conclusion: OSLDs provide a good solution for a quick second check when questionable flatness and symmetry results are detected with the tracker during daily QA.
Cryoannealing-induced space-group transition of crystals of the carbonic anhydrase psCA3.

Cryoannealing has been demonstrated to improve the diffraction quality and resolution of crystals of the β-carbonic anhydrase psCA3 concomitant with a change in space group. After initial flash-cooling in a liquid-nitrogen cryostream an X-ray diffraction data set from a psCA3 crystal was indexed in space group P21212 and was scaled to 2.6 A resolution, but subsequent cryoannealing studies revealed induced protein rearrangements in the crystal contacts, which transformed the space group to I222, with a corresponding improvement of 0.7 A in resolution. Although the change in diffraction resolution was significant, only minor changes in the psCA3 structure, which retained its catalytic `open' conformation, were observed. These findings demonstrate that cryoannealing can be successfully utilized to induce higher diffraction-quality crystals while maintaining enzymatically relevant conformations and may be useful as an experimental tool for structural studies of other enzymes where the initial diffraction quality is poor.
Co-administration of elvitegravir/cobicistat/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine and atazanavir in treatment-experienced HIV patients

We report the use of elvitegravir 150 mg/cobicistat 150 mg/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg (EVG/COBI/TDF/FTC) once daily, in addition to once-daily atazanavir (ATV) 300 mg...
Achieving Sustainability Goals for Urban Coasts in the US Northeast: Research Needs and Challenges

ABSTRACTIn the wake of Hurricane Sandy and other recent extreme events, urban coastal communities in the northeast region of the United States are beginning or stepping up efforts to integrate climate adaptation and resilience into long-term coastal planning. Natural and nature-based shoreline strategies have emerged as essential components of coastal resilience and are frequently cited by practitioners, scientists, and the public for the wide range of ecosystem services they can provide. However, there is limited quantitative information associating particular urban shoreline design strategies with specific levels of ecosystem service provision, and research on this issue is not always aligned with decision context and decision-maker needs. Engagement between the research community, local government officials and sustainability practitioners, and the non-profit and private sectors can help bridge these gaps. A workshop to bring together these groups discussed research gaps and challenges in integrating e...
Toward interpretable predictive models in B2B recommender systems

Recommender systems are becoming increasingly important for businesses because they can help companies offer personalized product recommendations to customers. There have been many acknowledged recognized successes of consumer-oriented recommender systems, particularly in e-commerce. In this work, we describe our experiences building a business-to-business (B2B) recommendation engine that matches company clients to internal company products. The underlying pairing of clients and products is based on co-clustering principles and helps reveal potential future purchases. Unlike most consumer-oriented recommendation systems, our approach takes into account the need for interpretability. We do not only provide a cursory explanation, as offered in most traditional recommender systems. In our approach, the recipient of the generated recommendations are sales and marketing teams; thus, we offer a detailed reasoning in straightforward English that considers multiple aspects regarding why a client may be a suitable match for the particular offering. Finally, we analyze the outcome of a country-wide deployment of the proposed methodology for selected IBM sales teams.
Traffic Flow Management Impact on Delay and Fuel Consumption: an Atlanta Case Study

In 2010, the FAA investigated the use of a capability called a Traffic Management Advisor Flow Programs to control flights destined for capacity-limited airports. This study explores through fast-t...
An Integral Ontology of Addiction: A Multiple Object as a Continuum of Ontological Complexity

In previous work I explored how Integral Theory can be applied as a metatheoretical and transdisciplinary framework, in an attempt to arrive at an integrally informed metatheory of addiction. There was an overemphasis on Integral Methodological Pluralism in that thread of research, without clarifying the ontological pluralism of addiction as a multiple object enacted by various methodologies. To arrive at a comprehensive integral metatheory and integral ontology of addiction, I believe it is necessary to include the conception of Integral Pluralism and Integral Enactment Theory as posited by Sean Esbjorn-Hargens. Integral Enactment Theory highlights the phenomenon of addiction as a multiple and dynamic object arising along a continuum of ontological complexity; it adeptly points out how etiological models “co-arise” in relation to methodology (methodological pluralism) to enact a particular reality of addiction (ontological pluralism) while being mediated by the worldview of the subject (epistemological pluralism) applying the method. This article briefly explores the significance of including Integral Pluralism and Integral Enactment Theory in the quest of an integral metatheory and integral ontology of addiction.
Measurements of multicore microstructured optical fibers heated up to 50° C

Mircostructured optical fibers have recently been considered as platforms for microfluidic devices for boimedical and manufacturing process control applications. More specifically they contribute to the sub-discipline of optofluidics were submicroliter volumes of fluids (i.e. liquids and gases) are manipulated in the micron sized channels inside of these fibers for enhanced optical detection. A special category of these fibers contain multiple cores that allow for interferometric measurement of high temperatures up to 1000°C. At low temperatures less than 50°C, coupling conditions between neighboring cores may be affected by transient external and internal thermal changes. Measurements of the coupling characteristics for a 3-core microstructured optical fibers are presented for temperatures up to 50°C. Multicore fibers with core separations of 2.5 μm and 5 μm were investigated. Typical inter-core coupling is governed by the separation distance of neighboring cores and conventional waveguide conditions. However, it was observed that the coupling conditions responded to thermal changes in the optical characteristics of the solid cores. Images of the mode field distribution were acquired for a range of temperatures during a 5 s period. The intensity was determined for temperatures between 25°C and 50.9°C. Significant time-dependent intercore-coupling instabilities were present for temperatures less than 22°C. The intensity of the coupled light varied according to microchannel air-flow rates of 1-2mm/s. The findings presented will be helpful in determining steady-state thermal conditions for microstructured optical fibers. Real-time and high speed sensing applications may benefit from the investigation of the coupling characteristics for temperatures less than 100°C.
Measuring Creativity: Multi-Scale Visual and Conceptual Design Analysis

Multi-scale creative web designs organize content across zoom levels, presenting new challenges for web page segmentation, content identification, and creativity evaluation. \ We propose building a novel computational model, combining visual and conceptual features, to quantitatively represent and analyze multi-scale designs. \ Using the model, we will compute metrics--emergence and visual presentation of ideas--that required expert feedback.
ROAST: Rapid Orthogonal Approximate Slepian Transform

In this paper, we provide a Rapid Orthogonal Approximate Slepian Transform (ROAST) for the discrete vector that one obtains when collecting a finite set of uniform samples from a baseband analog signal. The ROAST offers an orthogonal projection, which is an approximation to the orthogonal projection onto the leading discrete prolate spheroidal sequence (DPSS) vectors (also known as Slepian basis vectors). As such, the ROAST is guaranteed to accurately and compactly represent not only oversampled bandlimited signals but also the leading DPSS vectors themselves. Moreover, the subspace angle between the ROAST subspace and the corresponding DPSS subspace can be made arbitrarily small. The complexity of computing the representation of a signal using the ROAST is comparable to the fast Fourier tranform, which is much less than the complexity of using the DPSS basis vectors. We also give non-asymptotic results to guarantee that the proposed basis not only provides a very high degree of approximation accuracy in a mean squared error sense for bandlimited sample vectors, but also that it can provide high-quality approximations of all sampled sinusoids within the band of interest.
Some Aspects of the Information Onslaught in Geoscience

Publisher Summary The nature of the information onslaught in geoscience has evolved through time. Most of the space data was collected by scientists for use by scientists. The Landsat satellite, however, proved even more useful for surveillance of human needs and problems on the Earth's surface than it did for basic scientific research. The principal repositories for information storage in geoscience are the geophysics data centers. The National Data Centers in the United States are subcenters of World Data Center A. Landsat has had a tremendous impact on the ability to monitor the effect of man's activities on the environment. It is possible, for example, to track smoke back to the polluting smokestack, to trace flow paths of chemically or thermally contaminated waste water, and to estimate the amount of land damage caused by strip mining. Data collection must be organized in such a way that it can be done suddenly, when and where the data may become available. It is also necessary to be able to move through geologic time, through the breaking up, drifting, and recombining of continents, to suggest promising areas for mineral- and energy-resource exploration. There are also many new political and legal aspects to information use. For example, the right of the scientist to the initial use of his own data is increasingly coming into conflict with the need of society for rapid application of that data to societal problems.
Digital Video Processing

This chapter applies and extends the generalization of multidimensional signal processing to the 3-D and spatiotemporal cases to processing the 3-D signal that is video—two spatial dimensions plus one time dimension. It discusses the general interframe or cross-frame processing of digital video, and various methods of motion estimation for use in motion-compensated temporal filtering and motion-compensated extensions of 3-D Wiener and Kalman filters. The video processing applications of deinterlacing and frame-rate conversion are examined, and Bayesian methods for motion estimation and segmentation are considered. Furthermore, this chapter examines the joint motion estimation and segmentation, and the super-resolution applied to video. Super-resolution of video makes use of accurate motion to increase the resolution of trackable moving objects in the input video.
Customer Integrated Systematic Design

A systematic method of product design is presented here, based upon understanding the customer, conducting teardowns of competitive products, function structure modeling, and systematic concept selection.
Long-term follow-up after vertical extraocular muscle surgery to correct abnormal vertical head posture

ABSTRACTPurpose: To report outcomes of vertical extraocular muscle surgery to correct abnormal vertical head posture in children with horizontal infantile nystagmus.Methods: Retrospective case series of seven patients evaluated at one institution with abnormal vertical head position (chin-up or chin-down) in the setting of horizontal infantile nystagmus. All patients underwent bilateral vertical extraocular muscle surgery with the same surgeon. Pre- and postoperative vertical head position under binocular viewing conditions was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes included visual acuity, stereopsis, degree of cyclotorsion, and residual ocular alignment.Results: Seven children with infantile nystagmus syndrome, ranging in age from 4 months to 5 years at presentation, underwent extraocular muscle surgery to correct chin-down or chin-up head position associated with a null position in the setting of horizontal nystagmus. Five children had other ocular pathology (albinism, n = 4; cone-rod dystrophy...
Benedetto Croce and the birth of the Italian Republic 1943–1952, by Fabio Fernando Rizi

A sequel to the author’s Benedetto Croce and Italian Fascism (2003), in which he argued that Croce’s resistance to Italian fascism during the ventennio was more activist and robust than previous sc...
Dissecting the genetic overlap of education, socioeconomic status, and mental health

Abstract Socioeconomic status (SES) and education (EDU) are phenotypically associated with psychiatric disorders and behavior. It remains unclear how these associations influence the genetic risk for mental health traits and EDU/SES individually. Using information from >1 million individuals, we conditioned the genetic risk for psychiatric disorders, personality traits, brain imaging phenotypes, and externalizing behaviors with genome-wide data for EDU/SES. Accounting for EDU/SES significantly affected the observed heritability of psychiatric traits ranging from 2.44% h2 decrease for bipolar disorder to 29.0% h2 decrease for Tourette syndrome. Neuroticism h2 significantly increased by 20.23% after conditioning with SES. After EDU/SES conditioning, novel neuronal cell-types were identified for risky behavior (excitatory), major depression (inhibitory), schizophrenia (excitatory and GABAergic), and bipolar disorder (excitatory). Conditioning with EDU/SES also revealed unidirectional causality between brain morphology and mental health phenotypes. Our results indicate genetic discoveries of mental health outcomes may be limited by genetic overlap with EDU/SES.
Understanding the Power of Persistence Pairing via Permutation Test.

Recently many efforts have been made to incorporate persistence diagrams, one of the major tools in topological data analysis (TDA), into machine learning pipelines. To better understand the power and limitation of persistence diagrams, we carry out a range of experiments on both graph data and shape data, aiming to decouple and inspect the effects of different factors involved. To this end, we also propose the so-called \emph{permutation test} for persistence diagrams to delineate critical values and pairings of critical values. For graph classification tasks, we note that while persistence pairing yields consistent improvement over various benchmark datasets, it appears that for various filtration functions tested, most discriminative power comes from critical values. For shape segmentation and classification, however, we note that persistence pairing shows significant power on most of the benchmark datasets, and improves over both summaries based on merely critical values, and those based on permutation tests. Our results help provide insights on when persistence diagram based summaries could be more suitable.
The psychology of working life: by Toon Taris, New York, NY, Routledge, 2018, 114 pp., $15.95 (paperback), ISBN-13: 978-1-138-20725-7

A recent global survey of 6,320 Ph.D. students revealed 36% of respondents “sought help for anxiety or depression caused by Ph.D. study” (Flaherty, 2019, para. 2). Of those students seeking mental ...
Exploring how different types of yoga change psychological resources and emotional well-being across a single session.

Abstract Objectives Yoga demonstrates beneficial effects in many populations, yet our understanding of how yoga brings about these effects is quite limited. Among the proposed mechanisms of yoga are increasing psychological resources (mindfulness, body consciousness, self-transcendence, spiritual peace, and social connectedness) that may bring about salutary effects on emotional wellbeing. Further, yoga is a complex practice comprising meditation, active and restorative postures, and breathwork; however little is known about how different components may affect mechanisms. We aimed to determine how an acute session of yoga (and its specific components) related to pre- to post- session changes in proposed mechanisms (psychological resources) and whether those changes were associated with positive changes in emotions. Design 144 regular yoga practitioners completed measures of mindfulness, body consciousness, self-transcendence, social connectedness, spiritual peace, and exercise-induced emotions (positive engagement, revitalization, tranquility, exhaustion) immediately before and after a yoga session (N = 11 sessions, each a different type of yoga). Perceived properties of each yoga session, exercise exertion and engagement with the yoga teacher were assessed immediately following the session. Results Pre-to post- yoga, levels of positive emotions (engagement, tranquility and revitalization) increased while exhaustion decreased. Further, all psychological resources increased and closely tracked improved emotions. Additionally, aspects of the yoga session correlated with changes in psychological resources (mechanisms) and emotions. Conclusions Yoga may influence multiple psychological mechanisms that influence emotional well-being. Further, different types of yoga may affect different mechanisms. Results can inform yoga interventions aiming to optimize effects through specific mechanisms such as mindfulness or spirituality.
Personality Disturbances as Emergent Phenomena Reflective of Underlying Neurobehavioral Systems: Beyond Dimensional Measurement, Phenotypic Trait Descriptors, and Factor Analysis.

BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW The conceptualization of personality pathology, or personality disturbance, is now at a substantive crossroads. Some researchers (and clinicians) prefer a focus on the domains of personality pathology that are well-described and captured in traditional categorical diagnostic approaches that, in some instances, abut normal personality constructs. Other workers argue to move the study of personality disorder (PD) closer to personality science seeking continuous connections between PD and established dimensions of healthy-range, normal personality. Most of the latter efforts revolve around correlational and factor analytic study of phenotypic expressions of PD features and normal personality dimensions. It is notable, however, that both visions of the PD/personality interface are essentially unlinked to an understanding of shared neurobiological underpinnings (i.e., neurotransmitter-influenced neurobehavioral systems) of both personality disturbance and normal personality 1 . Here, we present a nontechnical, conceptual overview of our approach to this problem, advancing a neurobehavioral approach that seeks to anchor both normal personality and personality disturbance within a matrix of brain-based neurobiological systems, incorporating genetic, epigenetic, and environmental inputs. In this brief paper, we seek only to provide a necessarily cursory introduction to how we conceptualize this area and illustrate, in broad outline, our effort to characterize both personality and personality disturbance anchored in neurobehavioral systems. Our approach, which we began developing in the middle 1990s, can be juxtaposed with the more recently proposed DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorders as well as the well-established five-factor approach to PD.
Jarvis: A Multimodal Visualization Tool for Bioinformatic Data

In this paper we present Jarvis, a multimodal explorer and navigation system for biocuration data, from both curated sources and text-derived datasets. This system harnesses voice and haptic control for a bioinformatic research context, specifically manipulation of data visualizations such as heatmaps and word clouds showing related terms in the dataset. We combine external speech systems with Clustergrammer [1] for the generation of bioinformatic queries, the BoB interface [2] for answering queries in that domain, and the VoxML framework [12] for manipulating the results and semantic grounding. We deploy the resulting system to iOS on an iPad for use by researchers over a test dataset of gene expression in tumor samples. The intent is to integrate multimodal control (here voice and haptics), so as to facilitate interaction with and analysis of data, taking advantages of using both modalities.
Can Expressing Positivity Elicit Support for Negative Events? A Process Model and Review:

Garnering support for distressing experiences is highly important, yet notoriously challenging. We examine whether expressing positive thoughts and feelings when seeking support for negative events...
Non-xenogeneic Expansion and Definitive Endoderm Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in an Automated Bioreactor

Scalable processes are requisite for the robust biomanufacturing of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived therapeutics. Toward this end, we demonstrate the xeno-free expansion and directed differentiation of human embryonic (hESCs) and induced pluripotent cells (hiPSCs) to definitive endoderm (DE) in a controlled stirred suspension bioreactor (SSB). Based on previous work on converting hPSCs to insulin-producing progeny, differentiation of two hPSC lines was optimized in planar cultures yielding up to 87% FOXA2+ /SOX17+ cells. Next, hPSCs were propagated in a SSB with controlled pH and dissolved oxygen. Cultures displayed a 10- to 12-fold increase in cell number over 5-6 days with maintenance of pluripotency (>85% OCT4+ ) and viability (>85%). For differentiation, SSB cultures yielded up to 89% FOXA2+ /SOX17+ cells or ~ 8 DE cells per seeded hPSC. Specification to DE cell fate was consistently more efficient in the bioreactor compared to planar cultures. Hence, a tunable strategy is established that is suitable for the xeno-free manufacturing of DE cells from different hPSC lines in scalable SSBs. This work advances bioprocess development for producing a wide gamut of human DE cell-derived therapeutics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Corruption Heterogeneity and Foreign Direct Investment

In this research, I study the relationship between bilateral Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and difference in corruption between source and host countries. Using instrumental variables (IVs) appro...
Modern Zeus: drones, deinos, and dissuading dissent

Although scholars have found that the United States drone program utilizes several strategies to maintain its invisibility or obfuscate itself from audiences, the drone strike in entertainment medi...
Mediated Field Experiences during Worldwide Pandemic: Adjusting Pedagogies to a Changing Climate

This paper explores the use of a mediated field experience (MFE) for teacher candidates in a middle school setting, a small laboratory school. This work focuses on adjustments made for the MFE to function in an online environment during remote instruction caused by a worldwide pandemic. Teacher candidates completed a learning cycle focused on experiencing mathematics as a learner, planning for mathematics instruction, implementing mathematics instruction, and analyzing teaching episodes alongside a mathematics teacher who is also the mathematics teacher educator for a methods course. Teacher candidates reflected on this experience positively, noting the benefits of learning how to teach effectively online in a safe and supportive environment. This paper will share the highlights and challenges for the mathematics teacher educator regarding the shifting of pedagogy to meet the current educational climate.
Effects of crystal orientation on the indentation creep of β -tin

Instrumented indention testing at elevated temperatures is a promising technique for measuring the creep properties of materials. Here, we report an experimental study of the effects of crystal orientation on indentation creep. Indentation creep tests were systematically conducted on single grains in a coarse-grained sample of $$\beta$$ -tin with the grains having [001], [023], and [010] crystal orientations. For comparison, uniaxial compression tests were also conducted on bulk polycrystalline samples. The results show that indentation creep clearly exhibits a crystal orientation dependence, with the creep resistance increasing with orientation in the order [010], [023], and [001]. The uniaxial power-law stress exponent measured in compression tests is similar to that observed by indentation, especially for the grain with an orientation that matches the texture in the polycrystalline sample.
Person Re-identification Attack on Wearable Sensing.

Person re-identification is a critical privacy attack in publicly shared healthcare data as per Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) privacy rule. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of a new type of privacy attack, Person Re-identification Attack (PRI-attack) on publicly shared privacy insensitive wearable data. We investigate user's specific biometric signature in terms of two contextual biometric traits, physiological (photoplethysmography and electrodermal activity) and physical (accelerometer) contexts. In this regard, we develop a Multi-Modal Siamese Convolutional Neural Network (mmSNN) model. The framework learns the spatial and temporal information individually and combines them together in a modified weighted cost with an objective of predicting a person's identity. We evaluated our proposed model using real-time collected data from 3 collected datasets and one publicly available dataset. Our proposed framework shows that PPG-based breathing rate and heart rate in conjunction with hand gesture contexts can be utilized by attackers to re-identify user's identity (max. 71%) from HIPAA compliant wearable data. Given publicly placed camera can estimate heart rate and breathing rate along with hand gestures remotely, person re-identification using them imposes a significant threat to future HIPAA compliant server which requires a better encryption method to store wearable healthcare data.
How war-related deprivation affects political participation: Evidence from education loss in Liberia:

How does civil war affect citizen engagement with democracy? Civilians who live through warfare face numerous disruptions to everyday life that can have permanent effects on political engagement ev...
Inviscid Hypersonic Flow Over Blunt-Nosed Slender Bodies

At hypersonic speeds the drag/area of a blunt nose is much larger than the drag/area of a slender afterbody, and the energy contained in the flow field in a plane at right angles to the flight direction is nearly constant over a downstream distance many times greater than the characteristic nose dimension. The transverse flow field exhibits certain similarity properties directly analogous to the flow similarity behind an intense blast wave found by G. I. Taylor and S. C. Lin. Conditions for constant energy show that the shape of the bow shock wave R(x) not too close to the nose is given by R/d = K_1 (γ)(d/c)^(1/2) for a body of revolution, and by R/d = K_0(γ) (x/d)^(2/3) for a planar body, where d is nose diameter, or leading-edge thickness. A comparison with the experiments of Hammitt, Vas, and Bogdonoff on a flat plate with a blunt leading-edge at M_∞ = 13 in helium shows that the shock wave shape is predicted very accurately by this analysis. The predicted surface pressure distribution is somewhat less satisfactory. Energy considerations combined with a detailed study of the equations of motion show that flow similarity is also possible for a class of bodies of the form r_b ~ x^m, provided that m' ≤ m ≤ 1, where m' = 3/4 for a planar body and m' = (3/2(γ+1))/(3γ + 2) for a body of revolution. When m < m' the shock shape is not similar to the body shape, and except for the constant energy flows the entire flow field some distance from the nose must depend to some extent on the details of the nose geometry. Be again again utilizing energy and drag considerations one finds that at hypersonic speeds the inviscid surface pressures generated by a blunt nose are larger than the pressures produced by boundary layer growth on a flat surface over a distance from the nose of order l, where l/d ≃ 1/15 ((Re_d)/M_∞^2))^3 (Here Re_d is free-stream Reynolds number based on leading-edge thickness.) Thus at M_∞ = 15 the viscous interaction effects should be important for Re_d 3000 the inviscid pressure field is dominant and determines the boundary layer development, skin friction and heat transfer over the forward portion of the body. These rough estimates are in qualitative agreement with the experimental results of References 7 and 9.
Magnetic properties of melt-spun alloys

Abstract Melt-spun ribbons with composition Sm 2+Y (Co 0.8 Fe 0.1 Mn 0.1 ) 17 B X ( X=0–1.0 and Y=0–0.2) were fabricated with a wheel speed of 50 m/s, followed by annealing in the temperature range of 500–800°C for 2.5–60 min. Our results show that all the ribbons annealed up to 800°C are composed of a TbCu7-type phase as the main phase. The highest coercivity of 8.7 kOe is obtained in a Sm-rich sample with composition Sm2.2(Co0.8Fe0.1Mn0.1)17 annealed at 750°C for 5 min. It is found that these magnets show a very promising high-temperature performance – much better than those of typical sintered 2 : 17 magnets.
Chemical and Physical Properties of Lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia pestis

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) prepared from Yersinia pestis 195/P contained d-glucose, d-glycero-d-mannoheptose, l-glycero-d-mannoheptose, glucosamine, 3-deoxyoctulosonic acid, lipid A, β-hydroxymyristate, acetyl, phosphate, and protein. Traces of ethanolamine, mannose, and galactose were also detected. The lipid A moiety was composed of glucosamine substituted with phosphate, amide-linked β-hydroxymyristate, and amide-bound acetate. The absence of significant amounts of additional fatty acids indicates a lipid A structure somewhat less complex than that of other gram-negative bacteria. The sugars identified are those generally found in the “core” region of LPS from the Enterobacteriaceae, with the exception of the d-glycero-d-mannoheptose. The molecular weight of the aggregated LPS was estimated to be 1.6 × 108.
The ovarian Brenner tumor; its gross and microscopic pathology.

Abstract The Brenner tumor is an uncommon benign ovarian neoplasm which is usually unilateral in location. The solid or cystic tumors are variable in size, usually firm, pale yellowish-gray, and well circumscribed. A study of their histopathology reveals polyhedral cells arranged in masses and columns frequently surrounded by degenerate and hyalinized connective tissue. When cysts occur, they are lined by flattened, cuboidal, or columnar epithelium containing glycogen and secretory granules staining with mucicarmine. In this study of 23 cases, serial sections of a small subcortical tumor revealed definite continuity between superficial inclusions and the tumor. A second tumor studied did not reveal conclusive evidence of such an origin.