cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Multi-Track Joint Detection for Shingled Magnetic Recording on Bit Patterned Media With 2-D Sectors

Shingled writing on bit patterned media (BPM) is a promising technology to further increase the areal density beyond 1 Tbit/in2 without drastic changes in writer design. In this paper, a shingled writer is modeled for writing a 2-D sector on BPM, and in particular, we investigate the potential benefit of leaving the last track in the 2-D sector untrimmed, making it fatter than the other tracks in that 2-D sector. During detection, the more reliable information from the last untrimmed (i.e., the fat) track is used as a priori information for detecting the data in the other tracks in that 2-D sector. The simulation results indicate that for 2-D sector with ten tracks (at 3.64 Tbits/in2 channel bit density) and 5% media noise and at a target bit error rate of $10^{\mathrm {-3}}$ , using the fat track information, 2-D equalizer +2-D target + symbol-based pattern-dependent noise-predictive detector detecting a single track can provide about 2.9 dB SNR gain compared with that with the same joint detection method using uniform tracks at the same areal density. However, the latency increases due to the decision feedback detection. We can reduce this latency penalty by detecting three tracks at a time, but the SNR gain then reduces to 0.9 dB.
Comparison on sensitivity of four cells to adenovirus in respiratory tract with TCID50

Objective To establish TCID50 to detect titer of adenovirus, and to compare sensitivity of four cells that MDCK, Vero,HEp-2 and A549 to adenovirus in human respiratory tract. Methods Adenovirus was continuously 10-fold diluted, each dilution was taken 100 μl to add in 96-well cell culture plate. They were added in 100 μl of digestion host cells, each dilution degree for 10 replicates, and set of blank cell culture as control. Then they were put into incubator with 37℃ and 5% CO2. Cell lesions were observed daily and recorded the number of cytopathic hole, until the control cells aging came off, calculated TCID50 of the virus by the Reed-Muench method. Results Four cells were suitable for ADV, with typical cell pathological effect. And TCID50 of A549 and Vero cell could be tested during the observation period. Conclusion The order of sensitivity of four cells to adenovirus in human respiratory tract is A549 Vero Hep-2 MDCK.
Suicide Attempt as a Risk Factor for Completed Suicide: Even More Lethal Than We Knew.

Objective:While suicide attempt history is considered to robustly predict completed suicide, previous studies have limited generalizability because of using convenience samples of specific methods/treatment settings, disregarding previous attempts, or overlooking first-attempt deaths. Eliminating these biases should more accurately estimate suicide prevalence in attempters.Method:This observational retrospective-prospective cohort study using the Rochester Epidemiology Project identified 1,490 (males, N=555; females, N=935) Olmsted County residents making index suicide attempts (first lifetime attempts reaching medical attention) between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 2007. The National Death Index identified suicides between enrollment and December 31, 2010 (follow-up 3–25 years). Medical records were queried for sex, age, method, and follow-up care for index attempt survivors. Coroner records yielded data on index attempt deaths.Results:During the study period, 81/1,490 enrollees (5.4%) died by suici...
Cohen on ‘Epistemic’

AbstractStewart Cohen offers a critique of much contemporary epistemology. Epistemologies use the term ‘epistemic’ in order to specify the issues they investigate and about which they disagree. Cohen sees widespread confusion about these issues. The problem, he argues, is that ‘epistemic’ is functioning as an inadequately defined technical term. I will argue, rather, that the troubles come more from non-technical vocabulary, in particular with ‘justification’ and ‘ought’, and generally from the difficulty of explaining normativity. Overall, the message of this paper is that normativity is what’s hard to understand, not the term ‘epistemic.’
Lyme Disease: Prognosis with Early Treatment

The long-term outcome of 63 children with erythema migrans, treated early with antibiotics at the Wildwood Pediatrics Clinic, Essex, Connecticut, was determined by telephone interview 1 to 6 years after the initial episode of Lyme disease.
Properties of optimal accounting rules in a signaling game

Abstract We characterize the properties of optimal accounting rules in a signaling game. An impatient firm sells shares to competitive investors. The firm can signal its private information about the fundamental by retaining a fraction of the shares. In addition, the firm can commit to disclosing information according to a set of accounting rules chosen ex ante. Information disclosure reduces signaling cost so that perfect disclosure is optimal. When perfect disclosure is impossible, the optimal accounting rule features a lower bound and a summary statistic of the fundamental. The interpretation of the lower bound is consistent with accounting conservatism, and the statistic summarizes the information most relevant to the firm׳s valuation. The justification for accounting conservatism relies on the existence of information asymmetry and the infeasibility of perfect accounting disclosure. This is consistent with the conjecture of LaFond and Watts (2008) that information asymmetry calls for accounting conservatism.
Is there an association between external cardioversions and long-term mortality and morbidity? Insights from the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management study.

Background— Cardiac electric therapies effectively terminate tachyarrhythmias. Recent data suggest a possible increase in long-term mortality associated with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks. Little is known about the association between external cardioversion episodes (ECVe) and long-term mortality. We sought to assess the safety of repeated ECVe with regard to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Methods and Results— We analyzed the data of the 4060 patients from the AFFIRM (Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management) trial. In particular, associations of ECVe with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and hospitalizations after ECVe were studied. Over an average follow-up of 3.5 years, 660 (16.3%) patients died, 331 (8.2%) from cardiovascular causes. A total of 207 (5.1%) and 1697 (41.8%) patients had low ejection fraction and nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation, respectively; 2460 patients received no ECVe, whereas 1600 experienced ≥1 ECVe. Death occurred in 412 (16.7%), 196 (16.5%), 39 (13.5%), and 13 (10.4%) of patients with 0, 1, 2, and ≥3 ECVe, respectively. There was no significant association between ECVe and mortality within any of the 4 subgroups defined by ejection fraction and atrial fibrillation type, although myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, and digoxin were significantly associated with death (estimated hazard ratios, 1.65, 1.59, and 1.62, respectively; P <0.0001). ECVe were associated with increased cardiac hospitalization reported at the next follow-up visit (39.3% versus 5.8%; estimated odds ratio, 1.39; P <0.0001). Conclusions— In the AFFIRM study, there was no significant association between ECVe and long-term mortality, even though ECVe were associated with increased hospitalizations from cardiac causes. Digoxin, myocardial infarction, and coronary artery bypass graft were significantly associated with mortality.
Microsurgical Vascular Manipulation in Aneurysm Surgery and Delayed Ischemic Injury.

BACKGROUND The role of aggressive surgical manipulation with clot evacuation, arachnoid dissection, and papaverine-guided adventitial dissection of large vessels during ruptured aneurysm surgery in reducing vasospasm is controversial. Here we describe a single-institution experience in aneurysm surgery outcomes with and without aggressive surgery. METHODS We performed retrospective analysis of all patients >18 years of age with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from anterior circulation aneurysms between 2008 and 2013 at the University of New Mexico Hospital. Vasospasm was characterized on days 3 through 14 after SAH based on: (1) angiography, (2) vasospasm requiring angiographic intervention, (3) development of delayed ischemic neurologic deficit (DIND), and (4) radiological appearance of new strokes. RESULTS Of 159 patients, 114 (71.6%) had "aggressive" and 45 (28.3%) had standard microsurgery. More than 60% of patients presented with a Hunt and Hess score of ≥3 and a Fisher grade (FG) of 4. Compared with standard surgery, there was a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of DIND in patients undergoing aggressive surgery (18.4% vs 37.8%, p=0.01). Moreover, there was a reduction in the number of new strokes by 30% in the aggressive surgery group with moderate or higher degrees of vasospasm (46.0% vs 76.5%, p=0.06). In the same group with FG 4 SAH, however, this difference was more than 50% (30% vs 64.7%, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that aggressive surgical manipulation during aneurysm surgery results in lower incidence of DIND and new strokes. This effect is most pronounced in patients with FG 4 SAH.
Back gated FETs fabricated by large-area, transfer-free growth of a few layer MoS2 with high electron mobility

We demonstrate a transfer-free method for producing 3–5 monolayers, large area MoS2 by pre-oxidation of metallic Mo. The growth temperature was reduced, eliminating free sulfur-induced degradation of the SiO2 gate dielectric in strong accumulation, which suppressed the leakage current at VGS=−3 V by a factor of ≥108, when compared to a single step direct sulfidation method. Back-gated field effect transistors with an accumulation electron mobility of >80 cm2/Vs, an on/off ratio of >105, and a subthreshold swing of 84 mV/dec from this MoS2 represent the state-of-the-art on SiO2. In accumulation, current saturation was attributed to charge control rather than velocity saturation. The hysteresis-free transistor characteristics were stable up to a temperature of 500 K.
Twenty Shades of Italy: An Analysis of its Cultural, Natural, and Dual Tourist Attractions with Implications for Global Tourism Marketing

Natural and cultural tourism are the two main motivations for international tourists. The country of Italy is recognized for both of these dimensions. To fully understand the tourism characteristic...
Guns on campus: creating research to inform practice

As societies evolve, so do issues that instructors encounter. These issues warrant empirical attention, and our brief essay encourages research on the presence of guns in college classrooms. Consid...
Mining cross-ontology weighted association rules between GO and HPO

An ontology is a framework for describing domain-specific knowledge in a structured format. It is comprised of a set of terms as nodes and a set of relationships between terms as directed edges to form a directed acyclic graph. Gene Ontology (GO) and Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) are widely referred biological and biomedical ontology databases. They also provide extensive annotations of human genes. Recent studies have applied association rule mining techniques to these ontology and annotation data in order to predict cellular functions of genes and determine gene-to-disease relations. We present a new approach to extract pairwise association rules between specific terms. Our approach selects significant, specific rules by weighted measures of support, confidence and coverage which incorporate weighting terms by integration of the ontology structure and their information contents. In our experiment, the cross-ontology association rules generated from GO and HPO by our approach were compared to those by two previous methods. The results show that our approach discovers association rules between more specific terms than the previous methods.
ROLE-PLAYING IN A CONSUMPTION CONTEXT: AN EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING ACTIVITY FOCUSED ON THE CONSUMER DECISION-MAKING PROCESS

Instructors are faced with the challenge of teaching a significant amount of material covering a wide variety of topics in a Principles of Marketing course. In order to present the critical consume...
An introduction to "nudge science"

Let's begin by addressing the most obvious question: given the vast number of books published on political science every year, why would the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences (APLS) and its journal Politics and the Life Sciences expend time, energy, and resources publishing a multiple-author analysis of a series of books that contain little (if anything) about the life sciences, Darwin, or evolution? The answer is that Cass R. Sunstein's recent research on "nudge science" provides an excellent opportunity for APLS to expand its commitment to interdisciplinarity, especially its long-standing interest in behavioral economics. Sunstein, a prolific author, has written many books and scholarly articles defending "libertarian paternalism." Libertarian critics have long argued that the conjunction of "libertarian" and "paternalism" is oxymoronic and that the "liberty principle" or the "principle of autonomy" excludes paternalistic intervention on behalf of rational, competent adults. Over the years, with varying degrees of success, Sunstein has addressed many, if not most, lines of criticism emanating from the political left and right. Like many scholars, his views have evolved over time based on that criticism. This introductory essay will focus on some of the more enduring elements of the conceptual framework and issues that underlie nudge science in the larger context of behavioral economics, including choice architecture, political bans and mandates, political nudges, ethics, and paternalistic intervention.
Endovascular Surgical Neuroradiology Simulation

Simulation is rapidly growing as a means of training a new generation of physicians in specific procedural skills. Endovascular surgical neuroradiology is one specialty within neurosurgery that is particularly well suited for simulation-based training. As the procedures are performed with catheters, wire, and similar devices outside of the patient with a visual representation of what is occurring inside the patient on fluoroscopy, endovascular simulators are relatively simple to create. Several studies have shown that simulation courses with supervised practice is an effective platform for teaching cerebral angiography skills. Flow model simulation is a means of learning device techniques in a fluid-based medium. However the complex interactions between wire and catheter, skills dependent on the fluid medium such as contrast injection and embolism prevention, and capturing nuanced, subtle proceduralist hand movements have been extraordinarily difficult to replicate in simulation. In this chapter, we review endovascular simulation, the available literature on endovascular surgical neuroradiology simulation, currently available simulators, and the future role of neuroendovascular simulation in physician practice and training.
Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders

A 16-year old female is brought into the hospital in a stuporous state. No history is initially obtainable. The physical examination is unremarkable except for the abnormal mental status. There are no obvious signs of volume depletion or expansion. The BP is 100/59 mmHg. Laboratory data reveal serum sodium 102 mEq/l, potassium 2.5 mEq/l, chloride 66 mEq/l, bicarbonate 32 mEq/l, BUN 9 mg/dl, and creatinine 0.4 mg/dl. Urine sodium is 130 mEq/l, potassium 61 mEq/l, chloride 107 mEq/l and osmolality 467mOsml/kg.
Explaining corruption: An institutional choice approach

The end of the Cold War, thestrengthening of world democracy, and the advancement of neoliberaleconomic reforms, have exposed corruption as a major world problem andspawned a plethora of international and national anti-corruption programs. Past theorizing has increased our knowledge about corruption, however, aninterdisciplinary (political, economic, cultural) theory of the causes ofpolitical corruption has never emerged. This article develops amiddle-range interdisciplinary theory of the causes of corruption builtthrough employment of an institutional choice analytic frame. The analyticframe draws on the Institutional Analysis and Development work of ElinorOstrom, Roy Gardner, & James Walker, and the constructivist work ofNicholas Onuf. The resultant theory is advanced through a statisticalanalysis. The article concludes that ongoing international and nationalanti-corruption programs will likely fail unless they include reforms to stateinternal power structures and political cultures.
Fuel and Fuel Additive Registration Testing of Ethanol-Diesel Blend for O2Diesel, Inc.

O2 Diesel Inc. (formerly AAE Technologies Inc.) tested a heavy duty engine with O2Diesel (diesel fuel with 7.7% ethanol and additives) for regulated emissions and speciation of vapor-phase and semi-volatile hydrocarbon compounds. This testing was performed in support of EPA requirements for registering designated fuels and fuel additives as stipulated by sections 211(b) and 211(e) of the Clean Air Act.
Common mental disorders among US army aviation personnel: Prevalence and return to duty

Objectives Assess the prevalence of US Army aviation personnel with common mental disorders, the percentage that return to duty following mental health treatment, and predictors of return to duty. Methods Examined the prevalence over a 5-year period. The percentage of personnel who were granted a waiver to return to flying duty following treatment was also determined. Results The results revealed a 5-year prevalence of 0.036 (95% CI = 0.034-0.038) for personnel experiencing one or more of the mental disorders (N = 1,155). Prevalence was highest for adjustment disorders and for nonpilot participants. Overall, personnel were granted a waiver 55.3% of the time and suspended or disqualified 44.7% of the time. Waivers were more likely to be granted for an adjustment disorder and for pilots. Conclusions Discussion focuses on the importance of aviation personnel receiving mental health treatment when problems are not severe to maximize the likelihood of returning to duty.
Preserving Privacy and Fidelity via Ehrhart Theory

We consider the problem of designing a database sanitization mechanism (DSM) that minimizes, in the expected sense, the $\mathbb{L}_{1}$ -distortion between the histograms of original and sanitized databases, while being $\theta$ -differentially private (DP). The expected $\mathbb{L}_{1}$ -distortion of a corresponding optimal $\theta-$ DP DSM provides for an important utility-privacy trade-off. This problem reduces to a prohibitively complex linear program (LP). Using tools from Ehrhart theory, analytic combinatorics and LP theory, we solve this problem and thereby provide a simple closed form computable expression characterizing this trade-off.
Prospective Evaluation of Manual Morcellation Techniques: Minilaparotomy versus Vaginal Approach.

Abstract Study Objective To compare the number of days required to return to daily activities after laparoscopic hysterectomy with 2 tissue extraction methods: manual morcellation via colpotomy or minilaparotomy. Secondary outcomes were additional measures of patient recovery, perioperative outcomes, containment bag integrity, and tissue spillage. Design Multicenter prospective cohort study and follow-up survey (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). Setting Two tertiary care academic centers in northeastern United States. Patients Seventy women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy with anticipated need for manual morcellation. Interventions Tissue extraction by either contained minilaparotomy or contained vaginal extraction method, along with patient-completed recovery diary. Measurements and Main Results Recovery diaries were returned by 85.3% of participants. There were no significant differences found in terms of average pain at 1, 2, or 3 weeks after surgery or in time to return to normal activities. Patients in both groups used narcotic pain medication for an average of 3 days. After adjusting for patient body mass index, history of prior surgery, uterine weight, and surgeon, there were no differences found for blood loss, operative time, length of stay, or incidence of any intra- or postoperative complication between groups. All patients had benign findings on final pathology. More cases in the vaginal contained extraction group were noted to have bag leakage on postprocedure testing (13 [40.6%] vs 3 [8.3%] tears in vaginal and minilaparotomy groups, respectively; p = .003). Conclusion Regarding route of tissue extraction, contained minilaparotomy and contained vaginal extraction methods are associated with similar patient outcomes and recovery characteristics.
Consumer-Based Evaluation of Commercially Available Protected 18650 Cells

Over the past few years, the use of 18650 form factor lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells have transitioned from primarily commercial applications to consumer/residential use. An evaluation of eight commercially available, circuit protected, 18650 form factor Li-ion cells were performed, with analysis focusing on a residential consumer evaluation of performance. As typical consumer cell usage occurs at a relatively low discharge rate, cells were evaluated between 4.2 V and 2.7 V at C/10, C/5, and C/2 discharge rates. The evaluated cells ranged from “high-cost” Panasonic, Hixon, Orbtronic, and EastValley cells to “low-cost” UltraFire (UF) and Eilong cells. Initial discharge comparisons revealed that no cells delivered their nameplate capacity, with a large overstatement of cell capacity occurring for low-cost cells. On average, high-cost cells delivered 92.5% of their advertised capacity, with low-cost cells delivering 20.6% at a C/10 rate. Basing consumer evaluation on a cost per unit capacity and/or cost per unit energy, even with this large overstatement in capacity, low-cost cells still offer an advantage over higher-cost alternatives. The average cost per amp-hour for each cell group ranged from $1.65 to $3.38 for the low-cost and high-cost cell groupings, respectively. Analysis of voltage profiles highlighted two chemistries used in cell production, coinciding with each cell grouping.
The role of the information system in planning the control of a genetic disease

Thalassemia is a genetic disease (1), which is widespread, in Europe, mainly over the Mediterranean area. In Italy there are about 2,000,000 healty heterozygotes and 6,000 people affected by homozygous thalassemia. These patients need a heavy, continous therapy and, in spite of recent progresses, they can reach only 20–30 years. The treatment of these 6,000 homozygotes costs about 40 million dollars per year. During the past 30 years, several prevention programs have been carried out in Italy, but in planning them the possible role of a proper Information System (IS) has been generally neglected. In this work an approach is examined, aimed at allowing health operators and administrators to actively take part in the definition of the information needed to plan the control of this disease. The design of the IS is consequent to this phase.
Russian, Japanese, and Latin Oh My! Using Technology to Catalog Non-English Language Titles

AbstractNearly every library where the dominant language is English also has materials that are written in other languages. These materials can present unique challenges for catalogers. Many non-En...
Women in Jail, Research, and Ethics: Creating Community-Based Participatory Research

This chapter outlines the goals of the book and how Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) can impact research findings while also addressing some of the ethical complexities that emerge in more traditional research. We present incarceration from a national perspective and the specific context and challenges that exist in the state of Florida and the Tampa Bay region. We provide an overview of CBPR literature and focus on existing scholarship with incarcerated individuals. We conclude with the purpose and goals of our research and the ethical concerns that are raised given this context and unique population.
Screening for atrial fibrillation in high-risk nursing home residents.

Background Various methods have been implemented for screening of patients for atrial fibrillation (AF), but the yield has generally been low. Targeting high-risk patients may improve detection of asymptomatic AF, which could be of value if appropriate treatment could be initiated before a potential thromboembolic event. Objective The purpose of this study was to test screening of high-risk nursing home residents having ≥2 risk factors for AF and no previous history of AF using a smartphone-based electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring device to determine whether it is an accurate, easy-to-use method of screening for asymptomatic AF. Methods Study participants had ≥2 risk factors, consisting of age ≥75 years, female sex, obstructive sleep apnea, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. Using the monitoring device, 30-second heart rhythm recordings were obtained on 4 different occasions. All tracings were reviewed by a cardiologist and, if uncertain, by an electrophysiologist. The nursing facility was notified of any diagnosis of AF, prompting further evaluation by the primary physician. Results Of the 245 residents screened, 18 (7.4%) had a diagnostic tracing for AF, 15 (83.3%) of whom had AF on the initial screen. There were no significant differences in demographics or individual risk factors between residents with and those without AF. Conclusion Intermittent ECG screening of high-risk nursing home residents using a simple, handheld device provided a diagnostic yield in our population comparable to that observed in past studies. Such screening of high-risk individuals can aid in the early diagnosis of AF and initiation of appropriate treatment.
Salivary sIgA and PRAP-1 Protein in Relation to Dental Caries: A Comparative Study:

Aim:Certain individuals are more prone to dental caries than others are. Caries risk may be related in the secretion of certain defensive salivary proteins including secretory IgA (sIgA) and prolin...
Case-Control Study of Ultrasound Evaluation of Acute Median Nerve Response to Upper Extremity Circuit Training in Spinal Cord Injury.

Abstract Objective Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) often present signs and symptoms of median nerve (MN) pathology. Preclinical signs identification of MN pathology might facilitate early intervention to prevent or delay carpal tunnel syndrome in SCI. We assessed if ultrasound parameters changed in response to upper extremity (UE) circuit training exercise in individuals with paraplegia and able-bodied individuals. Design Case-control study. Participants Adults (N=32) with paraplegia (n=16) and age- and sex-matched able-bodied controls (n=16). Intervention Circuit training exercise. Main Outcome Measures MN ultrasound evaluation at the pisiform and radius before and after UE exercise. Ultrasound parameters included cross-sectional area (CSA), and gray scale (GS). Data presented as mean ± SD. Results Pre-exercise CSAs were larger in SCI at the radius (12.0±2.9 vs 9.0±2.1; P=.003), but not the pisiform (9.8±3.1 vs 9.1±1.7; P=.431). There were no statistical differences in MN response to exercise between groups (all P≥.293). Across participants, CSA changes were inversely associated with their pre-exercise values at the pisiform (r=–0.648; P Conclusions CSA exercise response was more strongly related to pre-exercise MN values than presence or absence of SCI.
The Case of the Caldwell Mound: A Woodland Period Mound in the Central Scioto River Valley

This article presents a reconstruction and analysis of the Caldwell Mound located in the central Scioto River valley of southern Ohio. The mound contained a log tomb, at least four burials, and ass...
The Secret History of the ‘Earling Exorcism’

The exorcism of a woman variously called Anna Ecklund, Emma Schmidt, or simply ‘Mary,’ by Theophilus Reisinger, a German-born Capuchin monk, in Earling, Iowa, in 1928, is a near legendary event. The case was studied by William Peter Blatty in his research for his novel The Exorcist and many of the famous tropes popularized in the film adaptation of Blatty’s novel (levitation, uncanny projectile vomiting, and a young woman physically restrained on a bed) have their genesis in accounts of this event. Most of what is known about the Earling exorcism comes from a pamphlet called Begone, Satan! A Soul-stirring Account of Diabolical Possession in Iowa, written in German by one Father Carl Vogl and translated by Father Celestine Kapsner, a Benedictine monk from St. John’s Abbey in Collegeville, Minnesota. There was, however, a second account of the exorcism that was never promulgated by the Church. A pamphlet entitled The Earling Possession Case: An Exposition of the Exorcism of ‘Mary’ a Demoniac and Certain Marvelous Revelations Foretelling the Near Advent of Antichrist and the Coming Persecution of the Church in the Years 1952–1955 was written in 1934 by one Rev. F. J. Bunse, S. J. The pamphlet is based on Riesinger’s own account of the event written in German. Bunse’s account reveals, among other things, that the exorcism of ‘Mary’ – as Bunse calls the energumen – did not end in 1928! Mary’s possession resumed in 1929 and Riesinger was apparently still performing regular exorcisms on her when the pamphlet was written in 1934. Furthermore, Mary was not merely being possessed by demons – she was receiving frequent messages from ‘heavenly visitors’ that included Mary, Jesus, the archangel Michael, and numerous other angels and saints. This chapter examines these two accounts of the Earling exorcism in an attempt to arrive at a clearer picture both of what happened and of how the narrative was spun by Church authorities. These two accounts demonstrate the political interests at stake in the rush to narrativize the significance of Mary’s experiences.
Coronavirus Health Inequities in the United States Highlight Need for Continued Community Development Efforts

The coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic of 2020 has shown a spotlight on inequity in the USA. Although these inequities have long existed, the coronavirus and its disparate impact on health in differ...
Universal Model of Pulsed Alternators Using LTspice

The high power and energy density of synchronous machines turn them into reliable sources of energy for pulsed power applications. In this article, two mathematical models using both actual and normalized (per-unit) parameters have been developed and simulated in LTspice, which is a powerful and a free tool to simulate electrical/electronic circuits. In this article, an efficient solver based on the flux and current equations is presented. The model has been validated against published results with both actual and per-unit parameters. It has been observed that for models with normalized parameters, the simulation time is significantly reduced. The validated model of the machine has been used to show the effects of nonlinear loads on the voltages and currents, in particular the reaction currents in the damper winding inside of the generator. In addition, the model has been used to study the effect of the RC time constant of the load on the peak power provided by a synchronous machine used to store energy for pulsed power applications.
Autoimmuner Status epilepticus

Ein Status epilepticus kann Komplikation oder Erstmanifestation einer autoimmunen Enzephalitis sein. Zum Ausschluss von Differenzialdiagnosen sind eine breite labor- und insbesondere liquorchemische Diagnostik erforderlich, bei Erstmanifestation auch eine Tumorsuche. Haufig ist der autoimmune Status therapierefraktar, bei Erstmanifestation einer Epilepsie als „new onset refractory status epilepticus“ (NORSE). Zusatzlich zur antikonvulsiven Therapie ist eine Immuntherapie erforderlich, wobei sowohl Erst- als auch Zweitlinienimmuntherapeutika eingesetzt werden. Der autoimmune Status epilepticus geht mit einer Mortalitat von 10–20 % einher, etwa ein Drittel der Patienten uberlebt mit schweren neurologischen Defiziten. Daher sind eine rasche Diagnostik und konsequente Therapie erforderlich.
Toward a More Strategic National Stockpile

The COVID-19 pandemic has uncovered major deficiencies in the United States’ approach to stockpiling for emergencies. States, cities and hospitals across the country had inadequate stores of critical medical items on hand when the pandemic reached US soil, and the federal government’s Strategic National Stockpile proved far too small to fill this inventory gap. As nationwide shortages worsened, many state governments began bidding against each other to procure scarce medical supplies — a distribution approach that inherently disadvantaged low-income and minority communities and left countless health care professionals and staff ill-equipped to protect themselves against a potentially deadly virus. These failings have generated an unprecedented push to reform the nation’s stockpiling policy structure. This Article uses a simple stockpiling cost-benefit model to highlight shortcomings in the existing US stockpiling policy regime and to identify specific new policy strategies capable of addressing them. Among other things, US stockpiling policies need to better account for important differences in the rotatability of supplies and should more aggressively incentivize private stockpiling of the most rotatable emergency items. Reshaping commandeering laws and price-gouging restrictions could also do much to strengthen private incentives to stockpile and could even help to clarify how states and the federal government share responsibilities in the nation’s stockpiling effort. Additional federal support is likewise needed to incentivize the build-out and maintenance of domestic supply chains for the least-rotatable emergency goods. These reforms and certain related policy changes could help to ensure that the nation is far better equipped to respond the next time disaster strikes.
Walk the Talk: ESG Mutual Fund Voting on Shareholder Proposals

We document evidence that mutual funds designated as “Sustainable Investment Overall” by Morningstar (which we classify as ESG mutual funds) are no more likely than other mutual funds to support shareholder proposals. We find, however, that ESG mutual funds are more likely than non-ESG mutual funds to support environmental and social (ES) shareholder proposals. We also find that ESG mutual fund support for ES proposals is more pronounced in ESG index funds than in ESG active funds and in the ESG funds of small rather than large fund families. These results imply that mutual fund investment constraints and access to investor demand may shape how ESG mutual funds influence portfolio firms’ environmental and social action choices.
Checking conformance of applications against GUI policies

A good graphical user interface (GUI) is crucial for an application's usability, so vendors and regulatory agencies increasingly place restrictions on how GUI elements should appear to and interact with users. Motivated by this concern, this paper presents a new technique (based on static analysis) for checking conformance between (Android) applications and GUI policies expressed in a formal specification language. In particular, this paper (1) describes a specification language for formalizing GUI policies, (2) proposes a new program abstraction called an _event-driven layout forest_, and (3) describes a static analysis for constructing this abstraction and checking it against a GUI policy. We have implemented the proposed approach in a tool called Venus, and we evaluate it on 2361 Android applications and 17 policies. Our evaluation shows that Venus can uncover malicious applications that perform ad fraud and identify violations of GUI design guidelines and GDPR laws.
The Progressive Love Affair with the Carceral State (Book Review)

Reviewing THE FEMINIST WAR ON CRIME: THE UNEXPECTED ROLE OF WOMEN’S LIBERATION IN MASS INCARCERATION. By Aya Gruber. Berkley, CA.: University of California Press. 2021. Pp. 304. $24.95.
Atypical atrial flutter: review of mechanisms, advances in mapping and ablation outcomes.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Atrial flutter (AFL) is the second most prevalent arrhythmia after atrial fibrillation (AF). It is a macro-reentrant tachycardia that is either cavotricuspid isthmus dependent (typical) or independent (atypical). This review aims at highlighting mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of atypical AFL and the recent developments in electroanatomic mapping. RECENT FINDINGS Incidence of left AFL is at an exponential rise presently with increase in AF ablation rates. The mechanism of left AFL is most often peri-mitral, roof-dependent or within pulmonary veins in preablated, in contrast to posterior or anterior wall low voltage areas in ablation naive patients. Linear lesions, compared to pulmonary vein isolation alone, have higher incidence of atypical right or left AFL. Catheter ablation for atypical AFL is associated with lower rates of thromboembolic events, transfusions, and length of stay compared to typical AFL. SUMMARY Advances in mapping have allowed rapid simultaneous acquisition of automatically annotated points in the atria and identification of details of macro-reentrant circuits, including zones of conduction block, scar, and slow conduction.
Key Factors in Truck Spray Control System Installation

This paper highlights the installation requirements for textured spray control flaps fitted to heavy duty trucks. Tractor-trailer combinations operating on wet roads at highway speeds generate visibility impairing spray clouds. A key source of this fine droplet spray formation occurs when high velocity water thrown from truck tires impacts hard surfaces such as fuel tanks or conventional smooth surface flaps. Textured flaps absorb the tread throw impact returning the water to the road surface in large droplets. This paper addresses the placement of the flaps for optimizing spray control efficiency. Special focus is placed on the practical flap fitment behind the tractor steered and drive axles and the rear trailer axle. Moreover, the need for stronger flap support systems is addressed to accommodate the greater snow accumulations characteristic with textured spray control truck flaps.
Modeling poplar growth as a short rotation woody crop for biofuels in the Pacific Northwest

Abstract Predicting the economic viability and environmental sustainability of a biofuels industry based on intensively cultivated short rotation woody crops (SRWC) requires spatial predictions of growth and yield under various environmental conditions and across large regions. The Physiological Principles in Predicting Growth (3PG) model was modified to evaluate the growth and yield of coppiced poplar ( Populus spp ). This included an additional biomass partitioning method and developing a sub-model which takes into account the impact of coppicing on post harvest regeneration, extending the applicability of the 3PG model to coppice management regimes. The parameterized model was applied to the entire Pacific Northwest of the United States, using appropriate climate and soil input data. Results predict the yield of poplar cultivation at a spatial resolution of ≈64 km 2 throughout the ≈8,000,000 km 2 of the study region. Existing agricultural cultivation patterns were used to estimate regional water availability for irrigation, and for non-irrigated regions, land cover features including ownership, slope, soil salinity and water table depth where used to select areas with a real potential to support a SRWC plantation. Results can be integrated with other models that allow for optimizing crop selection and biorefinery site selection. Important results include; an updated 3PG model for coppiced SRWC plantings, estimates of biomass feedstock yields under different irrigation patterns and weather conditions, and estimates for feedstock availability when combined with crop adoption scenarios.
Whiff of Black Ice

iii Fruit-filled Studio Muck 1 Abstract Familiarity 2 On Arbitrary 4 The Helpers 5 Growth 7 Green Space 8 Everything Traumatizes 10 A Skin Memory 11 Vita 12
An Approach to Simulating Sediment Management in the Mekong River Basin

The Mekong/Lancang River Basin in Southeast Asia is undergoing a period of rapid hydropower development. Newly constructed dams will trap ecologically valuable sediments, which transport nutrients and maintain the river’s morphology. Sediments trapped behind hydropower dams could significantly impact the basin’s exceptional biodiversity and food production that support many of those living in the basin. This paper introduces an approach for estimating the potential impact of reservoirs on the basin’s sediment regime, as well as the potential for various forms of reservoir sediment management to improve sediment passage through and around dams. Our sediment simulation model, SedSim, predicts in relative terms the spatial and temporal accumulation and depletion of sediment in river reaches and in reservoirs under different reservoir siting, design and operating policies. The model identifies the relative tradeoffs between hydropower production, and flow and sediment regime alteration, associated with reservoir sediment management techniques, including flushing, sluicing, bypassing, density current venting and dredging. While developed for and applied in the Mekong River basin, this approach may be of interest to those facing similar sediment management challenges in other data-scarce regions.
Differential Equations of Infinite Order in Vector-Valued Holomorphic Fock Spaces

Publisher Summary This chapter describes differential equations of infinite order in vector-valued holomorphic fock spaces. Various situations where power series in infinite dimensional domains naturally arise also involve infinite-dimensional ranges, for instance, the Volterra series representation of the outputs of nonlinear systems as analytic functions of input signal, and the variational equations related to the representation of solutions of well-posed boundary value problems as functional power series, where the variable is the boundary value function. The results obtained in this chapter apply to holomorphic mappings defined on spaces of essentially bounded measurable functions, with integrable variational kernels.
Evidence of Differing Market Responses to Meeting or Beating Targets Through Tax Expense Management

Does using earnings management to meet or beat analysts' forecasts decrease the market reward to achieving this target? We use changes in effective tax rates from the third to the fourth quarter to estimate managed earnings, following and extending Dhaliwal, Gleason and Mills (2004). We demonstrate that the market discounts the reward to meeting or beating forecasts by an economically significant amount when the company achieves the target through earnings management, using a decrease in tax expense. Our findings are consistent with firms using earnings management to avoid the market punishment of missing the forecast, but failing to capture the full market reward for meeting the target without management. Our results are robust to including an estimate of abnormal accruals and suggest that identifying firms that manage tax expense contributes incrementally in understanding the market response to meeting or beating earnings.
The academic international research team

The number of academic international research teams (AIRTs) is rapidly increasing. While AIRTs are essential to addressing complex international research issues they can also often involve a large number of challenging issues. Like corporate international teams, AIRTs must face the challenge of cross‐national differences including large distances, multiple languages, and numerous cultural values. In addition, they must deal with a number of unique issues involving the abstract nature of an intellectual endeavor, differences in academic career motivations and discipline fields, and the necessity of often completing projects on scarce resources. This manuscript reviews five articles which tackle the complexity of AIRTs. In doing so we seek to bring out the most interesting observations as well as the most important recommendations for how to tackle these challenges in future AIRTs.
THE THEORY OF TORT DOCTRINE AND THE RESTATEMENT OF TORTS

The lack of detailed implications and general failure to come to grips with important features of tort doctrine have been substantial shortcomings in the dominant positive theory framework of Holmes and Posner. I extend the dominant framework below to enable it to justify various intentional tort doctrines, and the specific form and allocation of strict liability rules within tort law. After developing the positive framework, I apply it to the Restatement (Third) of Tort Law. The theory explains many of the detailed provisions and commentary of the Restatement, and identifies one area in which the Restatement (Third) seems inconsistent with tort doctrine. I also discuss the value of positive theory as a part of the Restatement project.
Prostate cancer in black and white Americans

The prostate cancer incidence and mortality of black Americans is among the highest in the world. The reasons have not been adequately explained. Similar disparities have been noted for men of sub-Saharan origin living in Brazil and the Caribbean. Avenues of investigation have assessed racial and ethnic differences in diet as well as possible differences in the prevalence of genetics (both polymorphisms and mutations). There are studies to suggest that there are no racial differences in outcome when there is equal treatment. Several studies show that there are racial differences in patterns of care in the US and it has been hypothesized that this contributes to some of the racial disparity in survival after diagnosis.
Lower bounds for the MSE convergence of APA

It is well known that the least mean square (LMS) algorithm convergence speed degrades considerably when the input signal is correlated. On the other hand, the affine projection algorithm (APA) was recently developed and has faster convergence for correlated inputs compared to LMS. Convergence analysis done on APA to date has been based on either a modification of the independence assumption, a special regression model, or a Gaussian regression data model. In this paper, an analysis of the standard APA algorithm under the assumption of a finite strong memory and finite moments for the regression data is done. We prove that under steady state conditions, the weight error covariance is lower bounded and dependent on the step size and not the correlation of the input regression matrix.
Yes We Can! Choose Science in Autism

Autism's False Prophets . Bad Science, Risky Medicine, and the Search for a Cure. By Paul A. Offit . Columbia University Press, New York, 2008. 322 pp. $24.95, £14.95. ISBN 9780231146364. Presenting a strong case against claims that autism is caused by childhood vaccines, Offit also discusses why the antivaccine movement has attracted support.
Economical Refuse Truck Size Determination

A method for choosing trash collection truck size to minimize cost has been developed and applied to refuse collection in South Bend, Ind., and vicinity. Time and motion data were collected on three types of collection systems presently operating in the area. These data were used for comparisons among private, municipal, and contract systems and as base data for the truck size determination in different collection districts. The most economical truck size was calculated for each collection district and for several disposal sites. For each disposal site, the total trucks of each size and the total cost are summed and presented as a function of the distance of the disposal site from the center of South Bend. Also, the most economical truck size for a given collection district is plotted as a function of the distance of the district to the disposal site and the service density in the district.