cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of Phospholipid on Pyrite Oxidation and Microbial Communities under Simulated Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) Conditions.

The effect of phospholipid on the biogeochemistry of pyrite oxidation, which leads to acid mine drainage (AMD) chemistry in the environment, was investigated. Metagenomic analyses were carried out to understand how the microbial community structure, which developed during the oxidation of pyrite-containing coal mining overburden/waste rock (OWR), was affected by the presence of adsorbed phospholipid. Using columns packed with OWR (with and without lipid adsorption), the release of sulfate (SO42–) and soluble iron (FeTot) was investigated. Exposure of lipid-free OWR to flowing pH-neutral water resulted in an acidic effluent with a pH range of 2–4.5 over a 3-year period. The average concentration of FeTot and SO42– in the effluent was ≥20 and ≥30 mg/L, respectively. In contrast, in packed-column experiments where OWR was first treated with phospholipid, the effluent pH remained at ∼6.5 and the average concentrations of FeTot and SO42– were ≤2 and l.6 mg/L, respectively. 16S rDNA metagenomic pyrosequencing a...
Improved VIIRS offset correction during lunar intrusion into space view

The VIIRS radiometric calibration approach relies on views of space above the earth limb to estimate a “zero offset” which is subtracted from the other instrument views (earth, solar diffuser, on board black body). This zero offset estimation is compromised when the Moon lies within the space view. The current calibration approach has a conservative method to determine when the space view is contaminated or potentially contaminated by the Moon. We outline a new approach to detecting lunar contamination, and for estimating the zero offset for contaminated scans. Our approach offers the potential to greatly reduce the number of scans classified as lunar contaminated and thus of lower quality due to the alternate calibration process used in the current operational approach. Thus, such an alternative approach could increase the number of nominal, high quality VIIRS scans available for science analyses.
Abstract 11969: Association of Amiodarone Use With Acute Pancreatitis in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Nested Case-Control Study

Background: Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic frequently used by atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Case reports suggest that amiodarone use may cause acute pancreatitis. This potential adverse effect of amiodarone has not been explored in large studies. Methods: We conducted a case-control study nested in the MarketScan® Research Database, which includes healthcare claims from >4 million individuals in the US. Cases were patients with non-valvular AF (NVAF) admitted to the hospital with a primary diagnosis of acute pancreatitis during the period 2007-12. We selected 5 controls with NVAF per case matched by sex, year of birth, and enrollment date in MarketScan. Information on use of amiodarone, other medications, and comorbidities were obtained from pharmacy, inpatient, and outpatient claims. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of acute pancreatitis by use of amiodarone and other antiarrhythmics, as well as time since initi...
Simultaneous Radar Reflectivity Measurements and Refractive Index Spectra in the Clear Atmosphere

Simultaneous radar reflectivity measurements and refractive index spectra in clear atmosphere noting relationship in atmospheric phenomena
Two-dimensional frequency domain motion compensation for spatiotemporal signals

Motion compensation has been widely used in video signal compression to reduce the redundancy among successive frames. A two-dimensional (2-D), frequency domain (F-D), motion compensation technique is developed which employs adaptive system modeling and exploits both spatial and temporal redundancies. Here, motion competition is accomplished by using two optimal predictors designed in the 2-D F-D. The predictors are characterized by their coefficient which are adaptively updated for every frame. Two implementation schemes, forward and backward, are proposed and successfully applied to both video signal and the 2-D wavelet transform coefficients of the video signals. The proposed 2-D F-D linear prediction approach is computationally comparable, but has several important advantages over existing spatial block matching methods such as improving the compensation efficiency by controlling the predictor order. Also, the technique presented is applicable for motion compensation under more general conditions, namely, spatial shift, rotation and scaling. For illustration, simulation results are given to show the performance of the proposed technique.
Oestrogen affects the cardiovascular and central responses to isoproterenol of female rats

This study examined the influence of oestrogen on cardiovascular responses to hypotension produced by administration of isoproterenol (Isop) and on neural activation in hindbrain nuclei mediating these responses. We first measured mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) after administration of isoproterenol, a β-adrenergic agonist that increases circulating levels of AngII, in ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated with oestradiol benzoate (EB). We then evaluated EB effects on Isop-induced Fos immunoreactivity (Fos-IR) in the hindbrain baroreflex circuit. To control for weight loss associated with oestrogen replacement in OVX rats, we food restricted a separate group of OVX rats and evaluated Isop-induced changes in MAP, HR and Fos-IR. The depressor response to Isop was significantly attenuated by EB, which also produced a disproportionate increase in HR. These effects were not secondary to loss of body weight after EB treatment, because cardiovascular responses to Isop in food restricted rats were similar to those in OVX rats treated with the oil vehicle. Isop significantly increased Fos-IR in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), area postrema (AP), rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), and lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN); however, EB significantly attenuated the increase in the AP and in the lPBN. Again, these effects were not secondary to body weight loss, because food restricted rats had the same pattern of Fos-IR as did rats treated with the oil vehicle. These results suggest that EB modifies cardiovascular responses to Isop, possibly by decreasing activation of the AP and lPBN.
NagC represses N-acetyl-glucosamine utilization genes in Vibrio fischeri within the light organ of Euprymna scolopes

Bacteria often use transcription factors to regulate the expression of metabolic genes in accordance to available nutrients. NagC is a repressor conserved among γ-proteobacteria that regulates expression of enzymes involved in the metabolism of N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc). The polymeric form of GlcNAc, known as chitin, has been shown to play roles in chemotactic signaling and nutrition within the light organ symbiosis established between the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri and the Hawaiian squid Euprymna scolopes. Here, we investigate the impact of NagC regulation on the physiology of V. fischeri. We find that NagC repression contributes to the fitness of V. fischeri in the absence of GlcNAc. In addition, the inability to de-repress expression of NagC-regulated genes reduces the fitness of V. fischeri in the presence of GlcNAc. We find that chemotaxis toward GlcNAc or chitobiose, a dimeric form of GlcNAc, is independent of NagC regulation. Finally, we show that NagC represses gene expression during the early stages of symbiosis. Our data suggest that the ability to regulate gene expression with NagC contributes to the overall fitness of V. fischeri in environments that vary in levels of GlcNAc. Furthermore, our finding that NagC represses gene expression within the squid light organ during an early stage of symbiosis supports the notion that the ability of the squid to provide a source of GlcNAc emerges later in host development.
On the Role of the Moment of Inertia in Three-Body Scattering

We made some numerical simulations of the planar general three-body problem, in order to understand scattering and disruption of triple stellar systems. We introduce a new classification principle of the solutions with negative energy. Most of these solutions are Hyperbolic-Elliptic, according to the terminology of J. Chazy. We classify them according to the number n of variations (maxima or minima) of their moment of Inertia I(t).These classes with a given n have clearly defined boundaries: Chazy’s so-called Parabolic — Elliptic solutions. These families of Parabolic — Elliptic solutions usually terminate at isolated triple collision solutions. We show a few examples. This classification also gives us a quantitative measure of the complexity of the solutions, (the amount of interplay).
A comparative performance study of adaptive array processors

In this paper a comparative performance analysis of the time and frequency domain techniques in element or beam space adaptive array processing is presented. Only the steady-state performance in representative background conditions is considered. Signal-to-background improvement, interference cancellation and bearing response patterns are used as the primary performance measures. The problem of signal preservation with various types and orders of constraints for signals of various strength is analyzed. Examples of partially adaptive modes of operation are presented to determine the number of adaptive elements or beams that should be employed for satisfactory operation under given conditions.
Effects of molecular adsorption on optical losses of the Ag (111) surface

The first-principles density-functional theory is applied to study effects of molecular adsorption on optical losses of silver (111) surface. The ground states of the systems including water, methanol, and ethanol molecules adsorbed on Ag (111) surface were obtained by the total-energy minimization method within the local-density approximation. Optical functions were calculated within the random-phase approximation approach. Contribution of the surface states to optical losses was studied by calculations of the dielectric function of bare Ag (111) surface. Substantial modifications of the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric functions spectra in the near infrared and visible spectral regions, caused by surface states and molecular adsorption, were obtained. The results are discussed in comparison with available experimental data.
Calculation of carbon ablation on a re-entry body during supersonic/subsonic flight

Nomenclature A = pre-exponential factor B mass-transfer parameter D = diffusivity Da = Damkohler number E = activation temperature g = mass-transfer conductance g* = mass transfer conductance, no blowing / = enthalpy per unit mass Ai = change in partial molar enthalpy / = incident radiation flux k = reaction rate coefficient m =mass fraction M = molecular weight q" = in-depth heat flux y = distance from surface e = emissivity p = density a = Stefan-Boltzmann constant
Cellular basis for polarized light perception in the spider crab, Libinia.

Differential increases in the numbers of pinocytotic vesicles, multivesicular bodies and total complex bodies occurred in the cytoplasm of specific photoreceptor cells in the compound eye of the crab Libinia exposed for six hours to polarized light with various e-vector orientations. These data coupled with previous results on the same species proved that the seven retinular cells in each ommatidium formed two functional groups selectively light adaptable by e-vectors oriented 90° apart. One group (Channel I, comprising Cells 1, 4 and 5) was more affected by horizontal polarization; the other (Channel II, comprising Cells 2, 3, 6 and 7) was more affected by vertical polarization.
Study of Beetles and Butterflies in the area Dowon-valley, Mt. Masan, Gangwon Province, Korea

The study was conducted between June and September of 2010 in the region of the Dowon Valley of Masan (Mt.), Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do in order to study the region's Beetles and Butterflies. The result of the study showed a total of 66 species of 20 families, and the Staphyrinidae showed the highest species diversity at 20 species (30.3%). The result of the study using FIT method showed a total of 25 species of 10 families in terms of the Coleoptera, and the Tympanophorus sauteri was found to be the dominant species at 767 counts. In terms of other significant values by month, Dominance index was the highest in July at 0.94, while Evenness index and Diversity index were the highest in June, at 0.76 and 1.75 respectively.
Human pericardium graft in the management of bleb's complication performed in childhood: a case report

To report a case with hypotony due to late leakage of the filtering bleb performed during childhood and treated surgically using human pericardium graft. A man with hypotony related to bleb's leakage in his right eye was presented. During his childhood trabeculectomy was performed to manage ocular hypertension due to pediatric glaucoma. Biomicroscopy revealed choroidal tissue incarcerated in the sclerectomy under the conjunctiva. Bleb revision was performed. Human pericardium graft was used to cover the sclerectomy and a new bleb with controlled outflow was created. The intraocular pressure (IOP) and Seidel test represent the main outcomes. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. Fifteen days postoperatively the IOP was of 7 mmHg and the bleb seemed to filter properly. Five months later the IOP was 9 mmHg and no complications were noticed. During the follow up time, the Seidel test was negative. We used human pericardium graft with no complications in a case of bleb leakage performed for pediatric glaucoma.
Critical exponents by a skeleton graph expansion

Abstract The critical exponents γ, α, φ and η are obtained in 2, 3 and 4-ϵ dimensions for the Wilson model of n interacting fields. The results are exact as n →∞, to O(ϵ) and when n =−2.
Queer political news Election-year coverage of the lesbian and gay communities on National Public Radio, 1992-2000

The American press no longer reports events but explains them, inadvertently enhancing the cultural authority of journalists. To discover how a prominent news provider exercises influence over poli...
The transformatory potential of a village empowerment program: The Tostan replication in Mali

Synopsis Lasting, deep, meaningful social change depends on the engaged involvement of those most closely affected by the change. In this article we tell the story of how the cultural practice of female genital cutting (FGC) became an important nexus of change in a non-formal education “village empowerment program” designed to empower individuals and communities through knowledge acquisition and critical awareness leading to community decision-making and action, particularly around issues related to women's health and human rights. This study uses data collected for a mixed-method, participatory evaluation of the program in Mali. Data are analyzed through the lenses of Rocha's [Rocha, Elizabeth M. (1997). A ladder of empowerment. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 17, 31–44] typology of empowerment types, and Kabeer's [Kabeer, Naila (1994). Reversed realities: Gender hierarchies in development thought. London: Verso] notion of “transformatory potential.” The process of and potential for gender transformation becomes evident in the changing role of the NGO, the ways in which both practical and strategic gender needs [Molyneux, Maxine (1985). Mobilization without emancipation? Women’s interests, state and revolution in Nicaragua. Feminist Studies, 11(2), 227–254] are addressed, and the manner in which sensitive issues such as FGC are conceptualized and discussed.
A Heliospheric Imager for Deep Space: Lessons Learned from Helios, SMEI, and STEREO

The zodiacal-light photometers on the twin Helios spacecraft, the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) on the Coriolis spacecraft, and the Heliospheric Imagers (HIs) on the Solar-TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) twin spacecraft all point the way to optimizing future remote-sensing Thomson-scattering observations from deep space. Such data could be provided by wide-angle viewing instruments on Solar Orbiter, Solar Probe, or other deep-space probes. Here, we present instrument specifications required for a successful heliospheric imager, and the measurements and data-processing steps that make the best use of this remote-sensing system. When this type of instrument is properly designed and calibrated, its data are capable of determining zodiacal-dust properties, and of three-dimensional reconstructions of heliospheric electron density over large volumes of the inner heliosphere. Such systems can measure fundamental properties of the inner heliospheric plasma, provide context for the in-situ monitors on board spacecraft, and enable physics-based analyses of this important segment of the Sun-spacecraft connection.
Short Communication to SMI 2011: Surface feature based mesh segmentation

Mesh segmentation has a variety of applications in product design, reverse engineering, and rapid prototyping fields. This paper presents a novel algorithm of mesh segmentation from original scanning data points, which essentially consists of three steps. Normal based initial decomposing is first performed to recognize plane features. Then we implement further segmentation based on curvature criteria and Gauss mapping, followed by the detection of quadric surface features. The segmentation refinement is finally achieved using B-spline surface fitting technology. The experimental results on many 3D models have demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed segmentation method.
The Flipped Classroom for Teaching Organic Chemistry in Small Classes: Is It Effective?.

The flipped classroom is a pedagogical approach that moves course content from the classroom to homework, and uses class time for engaging activities and instructor-guided problem solving. The course content in a sophomore level Organic Chemistry I course was assigned as homework using video lectures, followed by a short online quiz. In class, students' misconceptions were addressed, the concepts from the video lectures were applied to problems, and students were challenged to think beyond given examples. Students showed increased comprehension of the material and appeared to improve their performance on summative assessments (exams). Students reported feeling more comfortable with the subject of organic chemistry, and became noticeably passionate about the subject. In addition to being an effective tool for teaching Organic Chemistry I at a small college, flipping the organic chemistry classroom may help students take more ownership of their learning.
Visualization of geographically referenced observations to support real-time decision making

Graphical presentation of data to support decision making has a long history, going back to the earliest use of maps and charts. Continued advances in technology have enabled development of a succession of powerful tools to support decision-making, providing visualization of geographically- referenced observations. Early geographic information systems (GIS) were succeeded by powerful (and affordable) systems. Military command and control systems, and air traffic control systems, demonstrated the value of visualization of real-time data in time-critical decision-making. Decision support systems today combine the functions of a GIS and aspects of command and control systems in a powerful and affordable context for real-time decision-making. The REINAS system is presented as a prototype of such a real-time decision-support systems exploiting real-time geographically-referenced measurements.© (1998) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
RECENT ADVANCES IN BIOLOGICAL ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY

Recent developments in biological atomic force microscopy are reviewed. In addition to the advances in methodology, new structural information of different biological systems revealed by the atomic force microscopy is also presented. A discussion regarding the contrast, resolution and specimen deformation is provided based on a theoretical model.
Replication of the base pair 6-thioguanine/5-methyl-2-pyrimidinone with the large Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I

The kinetics and the fidelity of replication of the base pair 6-thioguanine (Gs)/5-methyl-2-pyrimidinone (Th) have been determined by using defined oligomers with the large Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. The insertion efficiency, Vmax/Km (min-1 microM-1), of Th opposite Gs is 1.5 and the insertion efficiency of Gs opposite Th is 0.7. By comparison, the insertion efficiencies of C opposite G and G opposite C are 0.5 and 1.5. The insertion efficiency of the next base, A opposite T, is 2 times greater after the base pair Gs/Th than after G/C. The fidelity of replication with respect to thymine and adenine has misinsertion frequencies, or ratios of the insertion efficiency of the "wrong" base to the "right" base, of 7 x 10(-4) for T opposite Gs (T/Gs), 4 x 10(-6) for T/Th, and a maximum stable misinsertion frequency of 4 x 10(-4) for A/Th. No detectable elongation occurs after an A is inserted opposite a Gs. These values are similar to the misinsertion frequencies of G and C with T and A. The maximum stable misinsertion frequencies with G and C are 4 x 10(-2) for G/Th, 3 x 10(-2) -7 x 10(-3) for Gs/C, and 2.6 x 10(-1) for C/Gs, and the misinsertion frequency is < 1 x 10(-3) for Th/G. The kinetics results and molecular modeling suggest modifications to the Gs/Th base pair that may provide higher levels of fidelity of replication with respect to C and G.
Cyclodextrin–adamantanecarboxylate inclusion complexes: A model system for the hydrophobic effect

Thermodynamic studies of the binding of adamantanecarboxylate to cyclodextrins have been made as a function of temperature and added organic cosolvent (methanol) using flow microcalorimetry. The negative heat capacity change associated with the adamantanecar-boxylate/β-cyclodextrin interaction and the fact that the interaction is weakened by the addition of methanol implicate the binding process as being a hydrophobically driven one. The negative enthalpy change (ΔH0 = −5.5 kcal/mol) and near-zero entropy change (ΔS0 = 1.5 cal/mol deg) are quite different from the values normally expected for a hydrophobic bond, indicating that other bonding forces are important in addition to the hydrophobic effect. The relative contribution of the hydrophobic effect and other bonding forces (most likely van der Waals forces) to the overall binding was judged from an analysis of the dependence of the thermodynamics of the association process on the surface tension of the water–methanol mixtures following a model for “solvophobic” bonding described by Sinanoglu [Molecular Associations in Biology (1968) Academic Press, New York, pp. 427–445]. From this analysis, adamantane–carboxylate/cyclodextrin complex formation is found to be driven to the extent of −1.9 kcal/mol by the hydrophobic effect. Furthermore, the hydrophobic driving force is found to be characterized by a positive ΔS0 of 10 cal/mol deg. The remaining free energy of binding (and the ΔH0 of binding of ∼−6 kcal/mol) is then due to the intrinsic (surface-tension-independent) van der Waals interaction between the ligand and cyclodextrin cavity.
Oral benfotiamine plus α-lipoic acid normalises complication-causing pathways in type 1 diabetes

We determined whether fixed doses of benfotiamine in combination with slow-release α-lipoic acid normalise markers of reactive oxygen species-induced pathways of complications in humans. Male participants with and without type 1 diabetes were studied in the General Clinical Research Centre of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Glycaemic status was assessed by measuring baseline values of three different indicators of hyperglycaemia. Intracellular AGE formation, hexosamine pathway activity and prostacyclin synthase activity were measured initially, and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. In the nine participants with type 1 diabetes, treatment had no effect on any of the three indicators used to assess hyperglycaemia. However, treatment with benfotiamine plus α-lipoic acid completely normalised increased AGE formation, reduced increased monocyte hexosamine-modified proteins by 40% and normalised the 70% decrease in prostacyclin synthase activity from 1,709 ± 586 pg/ml 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α to 4,696 ± 533 pg/ml. These results show that the previously demonstrated beneficial effects of these agents on complication-causing pathways in rodent models of diabetic complications also occur in humans with type 1 diabetes. Trial registration: NCT00703989 Funding: Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation grant 8-2003-784 and GCRC grant MO1-RR12248.
Evaluating product and process design changes with warranty data

Abstract This paper suggests evaluating field performance by analyzing hazard plots of the random variable time to first warranty claim. This approach corrects biases that arise when a single member contributes many repairs to the repair population and allows comparing the empirical lifetime distribution with the parametric model assumed at product design (e.g., Exponential or Weibull). Using automobile warranty data we demonstrate how using too broad a scope can mitigate changes in field performance by aggregating improving and degrading components. When comparing warranty performance across model years, the analyst should adjust the hazard plots to reflect common field service time.
Comparison of radiative-convective models with constant and pressure-dependent lapse rates

In the current generation of radiative-convective models a constant value for the critical atmospheric lapse rate, generally 6.5 K/km, is used. However, the moist adiabatic lapse rates are a better approximation for use in simple climate models. Thus, a comparison of temperature profiles with critical constant and moist adiabatic lapse rates has been made for a one-dimensional radiative-convective model. The commonly used lapse rate of 6.5 K/km yields surface temperatures some 1 to 3 K higher than with the use of moist adiabatic lapse rates for both clear sky conditions and a single effective cloud. When multiple clouds are included the constant lapse rate of 6.5 K/km yields the lower surface temperatures. More importantly, the surface temperature generated from the constant lapse rate formulation is more sensitive to changes in carbon dioxide, relative humidity, cloud cover, and surface albedo. For a doubling of CO 2 the moist adiabatic lapse rate formulation yields surface temperature changes 25 to 60% smaller than does a constant 6.5 K/km lapse rate depending on the cloud treatment. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1981.tb01749.x
The Creating Incentives and Continuity Leading to Efficiency Staffing Model: A Quality Improvement Initiative in Hospital Medicine

Objective To determine the effect of a hospitalist-developed, continuity-centered hospitalist staffing model on patient outcomes and resource use.
An object-centered approach for modelling engineering design products: Combining description logic and object-oriented modelling

Class-centered data models, such as the object-oriented data model, are inadequate for supporting engineering design product models because of their lack of support for object evolution, schema evolution, and semantic and user-defined relationships. Description logic overcomes these limitations by providing constructs for intentional description of classes, relationships, and objects. By combining description logic with object-oriented modelling concepts, design product schemas and data can be uniformly represented and modified throughout the design process.
Hybrid approach to complex thoracic aortic aneurysms in high-risk patients: surgical challenges and clinical outcomes.

Background Endovascular therapy is a less invasive alternative treatment for high-risk patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms. However, this technology alone is often not applicable to complex aneurysmal morphology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of hybrid strategies in high-risk patients who are otherwise unsuitable for endovascular therapy alone. Methods During an 18-month period, 31 high-risk patients (mean age, 69 years; range, 52-89 years) underwent combined open and endovascular approaches for complex aneurysms, including 16 patients with ascending and arch aneurysms and 15 patients with aneurysms involving visceral vessels. Among them, 11 patients had histories of aneurysm repairs. To overcome the anatomic limitations of endovascular repairs, various adjunctive surgical maneuvers were used, including aortic arch reconstruction in 3 patients, supra-aortic trunk debranching in 13 patients (including 8 patients who required aortas as inflow sources), and visceral vessel bypasses in 15 patients (including 10 patients who required bypasses to all 3 visceral branches). Additionally, carotid artery access was obtained in 1 patient, and iliac artery conduits were created in 12 patients. Results Technical success was achieved in all patients. There was one perioperative death (3.2%) due to postoperative bleeding. Two patients (6.4%) had immediate type II endoleaks, which were resolved by the 1-month follow-up. Other procedure-related complications occurred in three patients (9.6%), including renal bypass thromboses in two patients and retroperitoneal hematoma, which was successfully managed conservatively, in one patient. During a mean follow-up of 16 months, two patients died of unrelated causes, whereas the remainder of patients were asymptomatic, without aneurysm enlargement. Conclusions Our study highlights how hybrid strategies incorporating surgical and endovascular approaches can be used successfully in treating patients with complex thoracic aortic aneurysms. This combined approach potentially expands the field of endovascular stent grafting and is an attractive solution for patients with poor cardiopulmonary reserves.
The preparation and properties of metallofluorene complexes of transition metals.

Abstract Metalluorene complexes (π-C5H5)M(CO)(C12H8) (IVa)-(IVc) and (π-C5H5) (CO)(C12F8) (IVd)-(IVf) (M = Co, Rh and Ir) have been prepared from reactions of the appropriate (π-cyclopentadienyl) carbonylmetal diiodides with 2,2′-dilithhiolbiphenyl (IIa) and 2,2′-dilithiooctafluorobiphenyl (IIb), respectively The triphenylphoshine substitution reactions of cobalt compounds (IVa) and (IVd) have also been studied. Reaction of (IIa) and (IIb) with norbornadieneplatinum dichloride result in the preparation of metallocyclic platinum compounds (π-C7H8) and (π-C7H8)Pt(C12H8). A reaction of (IIb) with zirconocene dichloride produces (π-C5H5)2Zr(C12F8), the first example of a ziconium-containing metalofluorene.
Coalition Formation and Metropolitan Contention: An Analysis of the Politics of Light‐Rail Transit in the Twin Cities of Minnesota

This article, by examining the planning, development, construction, and operation of the Hiawatha light–rail transit line in the Twin Cities of Minnesota, attempts to further the understanding of c...
An empirical-phenomenological critique of the social construction of infancy

Developmental and clinical psychological findings on infancy over the past twenty years and more refute in striking ways both Piaget's and Lacan's negative characterizations of infants. Piaget's thesis is that the infant has an undifferentiated sense of self; Lacan's thesis is that the infant is no more than a fragmented piece of goods — a corps morcele. Through an examination of recent and notable analyses of infancy by infant psychiatrist Daniel Stern, this paper highlights important features within the radically different accounts. In particular, it examines Stern's account of self-agency —a facet of “the core self.” In doing so, the paper brings to light corporeal matters of fact and shows :how recent developmental-clinical data on infants accord with facets of bodily life described by Husserl. The paper contrasts these corporeal matters of fact and facets of bodily life with Piaget's and Lacan's notion of an infant as incompetent and deficient. On the basis of its empirical-phenomenological findings, the paper underscores the need to recognize the richness of nonverbal life and to give movement and the tactile-kinesthetic body their conceptual due.
High-Vacuum Studies of Surface Recombination Velocity for Germanium

The surface recombination velocity, $s$, of minority carriers for (100) faces of germanium crystals has been studied under various vacuum conditions. Values of mean lifetime were obtained by the decay-of-photoconductivity method and the corresponding values of surface recombination velocity were determined from geometrical considerations. Increases in $s$ were observed due to initial evacuation of the experimental tube. Following outgassing of the samples in vacuum at temperatures above 500\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C and for a time in excess of 30 hours, $s$ was found to be insensitive to exposure to oxygen at pressures as high as ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ mm Hg. As a result of cleaning the surfaces of samples by the ion-bombardment technique, $s$ increased to a value of (5 to 7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{3}$ cm/sec. Heating the ion-bombarded crystals in vacuum at temperatures above 500\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C for prolonged periods of time, followed by slow cooling, resulted in a decrease in $s$ to a value below 500 cm/sec but greater than the value obtained following a CP-4 etch and the value obtained after pumping. The recombination velocity of clean and annealed (100) germanium surfaces was found to be insensitive to room-temperature adsorption of oxygen at pressures as high as 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ mm Hg. Exposure of these clean surfaces to oxygen at temperatures of about 100\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C resulted in small decreases in mean lifetime, corresponding to a possible increase in $s$, assuming that this was entirely a surface phenomenon. The clean-surface value of $s$ could be restored by heating at 500\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C in vacuum for short periods of time. The characteristics of a well-outgassed oxide-covered surface and a clean surface are found to be similar. The observed similarities are discussed and the conclusion drawn that the oxide layer, of itself, has little or no effect on the surface recombination process.
Verifying reachability invariants of linked structures

The paper introduces a reachability predicate for linear lists, develops the elementary axiomatic theory of the predicate, and illustrates its application to program verification with a formal proof of correctness for a short program that traverses and splices linear lists.
Chronology and Stratigraphy at Dust Cave, Alabama

Dust Cave (ILu496) is a habitation site in a karstic vestibule in the middle Tennessee River Valley of Northern Alabama. The cave, periodically occupied over 7,000 years, contains well-preserved bone and botanical materials and exhibits microstratigraphy and intact occupation surfaces. The chronostratigraphic framework for Dust Cave is based on 43 1 4 C dates, temporally diagnostic artifacts, and detailed geoarchaeological analysis. In a broad sense, five cultural components are defined and designated: Quad/Beaver Lake/Dalton (10,650-9200 cal B.C.), Early Side-Notched (10,000-9000 cal B.C.), Kirk Stemmed (8200-5800 cal B.C.), Eva/Morrow Mountain (6400 to 4000 cal B.C.). and Benton (4500- 3600 cal B.C.). Microstratigraphic and artifact analyses indicate that the primary differences in the deposits over time relate to intensity of activity and spatial organization with regard to changing conditions in the cave, not to the types of activities. Geomorphic transformations influenced the timing of occupation at Dust Cave, especially the initial occupation. The chronostratigraphy provides a framework for assessing the stratigraphic separation of Dalton and Early Side-Notched materials, the shift in technology from blades to bifacial tools, and the context of detailed flora and fauna evidence. These remains provide unique insights into forager adaptations in the Midsouth from the end of the Pleistocene through the first half of the Holocene.
Advantage of the Mark-III FEL for biophysical research and biomedical applications.

Although 6.45 micro m is not the strongest absorption band of biological tissues in the mid-infrared, a Mark-III free-electron laser (FEL) tuned to this wavelength can efficiently ablate tissue while minimizing collateral damage. A model has previously been presented that explains this wavelength dependence as a competition between two dynamic processes--explosive vaporization of saline and denaturation of structural proteins. Here it is shown that this model predicts a 'sweet-spot' for each wavelength, i.e. a region of parameter space (incident intensity and pulse width) in which explosive vaporization is preceded by substantial protein denaturation. This sweet-spot is much larger for wavelengths where protein is the dominant chromophore. At other wavelengths, collateral damage may be minimized within the sweet-spot, but the maximum intensities and pulse widths in these regions are insufficient to remove tissue at surgically relevant rates.
Teflon is hydrophilic. Comments on definitions of hydrophobic, shear versus tensile hydrophobicity, and wettability characterization

Comments are made concerning the recent use of adjectives to describe solid surfaces that exhibit anomalously high water contact angle values. We suggest that the meaning of the word hydrophobic be resolved before it is modified, for example, to superhydrophobic and further modified, for example, to sticky superhydrophobic and before the definitions of these new words become issues of contention. The case is made that the first statement in the title is appropriate with experiments that demonstrate significant attractive interaction between liquid water and the surface of solid Teflon. Four types of experiments are described: the interaction of a silicon-supported covalently attached perfluoroalkyl monolayer (a model Teflon surface) with a sessile water drop (1) and with a thin film of water on a clean silicon wafer surface (2), the interaction of 1 and 12 μm diameter solid Teflon particles with a water droplet surface (3), and the interaction of a thin (<5 μm) Teflon film with a water droplet (4). The co...
Solar Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections: A Statistically Determined Flare Flux – CME Mass Correlation

In an effort to examine the relationship between flare flux and corresponding CME mass, we temporally and spatially correlate all X-ray flares and CMEs in the LASCO and GOES archives from 1996 to 2006. We cross-reference 6733 CMEs having well-measured masses against 12 050 X-ray flares having position information as determined from their optical counterparts. For a given flare, we search in time for CMEs which occur 10 – 80 minutes afterward, and we further require the flare and CME to occur within ± 45° in position angle on the solar disk. There are 826 CME/flare pairs which fit these criteria. Comparing the flare fluxes with CME masses of these paired events, we find CME mass increases with flare flux, following an approximately log-linear, broken relationship: in the limit of lower flare fluxes, log (CME mass)∝0.68×log (flare flux), and in the limit of higher flare fluxes, log (CME mass)∝0.33×log (flare flux). We show that this broken power-law, and in particular the flatter slope at higher flare fluxes, may be due to an observational bias against CMEs associated with the most energetic flares: halo CMEs. Correcting for this bias yields a single power-law relationship of the form log (CME mass)∝0.70×log (flare flux). This function describes the relationship between CME mass and flare flux over at least 3 dex in flare flux, from ≈ 10−7 – 10−4 W m−2.
A runway for the cockroach

A runway and training procedure that minimizes handling is described. Acquisition and extinction trials are presented to illustrate the technique.
Supporting teacher use of interventions: effects of response dependent performance feedback on teacher implementation of a math intervention

This study examined general education teachers’ implementation of a peer tutoring intervention for five elementary students referred for consultation and intervention due to academic concerns. Treatment integrity was assessed via permanent products produced by the intervention. Following verbal instructions, intervention implementation by four teachers was consistently low or exhibited a downward trend whereas one teacher’s moderate implementation co-occurred with student gains. When classroom training was conducted with four teachers exhibiting low integrity, all teachers improved implementation. After accurately implementing the intervention for three training sessions with classroom training, response dependent performance feedback was provided when teachers independently used the intervention below 100% integrity, as determined by review of permanent products. With response dependent performance feedback, three of the four teachers implemented the intervention at levels above the verbal training performance, whereas implementation for one teacher increased following discussion of an upcoming school team meeting. Student math scores improved during intervention.
Abnormal pathology findings in a patient with Gaucher disease type 3 treated with enzyme replacement therapy

Thomas Burrow, DavidWitte, Laurie Bailey, Carlos Prada, Ying Sun, Mitchell Cohen, Steve Wu, Gregory Grabowski, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and University Of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, Centro de Medicina Genomica y Metabolismo, Fundacion Cardiovascular de Colombia, Floridablanca, Colombia, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Massachusetts Health Reform: Beauty Is In The Eye Of The Beholder

ABSTRACT: The Massachusetts plan to extend health insurance coverage to nearly all of the state's residents offers several lessons related to health reform, including the following: Bipartisan coop...
Unusual base-pairing of newly synthesized DNA in HeLa cells.

A fraction of DNA in which both newly replicated strands are base-paired to each other has been detected in DNA extracted from HeLa cells synchronized in S phase. This fraction was observed by neutral CsCl gradient analysis of sheared DNA labeled with BrdUrd and [3H]dC. A significant proportion of the label was found in DNA substituted in both strands with BrdUrd. The formation of this HH DNA† is not the result of synchronization artifacts. HH DNA is found in highest proportion in early S phase, but small amounts can be detected throughout S phase. The proportion of HH DNA averages 48% of the extracted radioactive DNA when cells are briefly labeled in the presence of 1 mm-hydroxyurea, an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. Other inhibitors, like cycloheximide or arabinosyl cytosine, do not enhance the proportion of HH DNA. Pulse-chase experiments show that HH DNA is quantitatively chased into singly substituted DNA. HH DNA has a size of between 5500 and 9000 base-pairs and does not contain a high proportion of either palindromic or reiterated sequences. In vivo crosslinking experiments with trimethylpsoralen indicate that HH DNA is formed by branch migration during DNA isolation. This branch migration does not occur at replication forks and is not due to the presence of BrdUrd in newly synthesized DNA. Furthermore, HH DNA is not formed as a result of extrachromosomal replication or strand displacement from the replication bubble. We suggest that HH DNA is formed from DNA involved in the initiation of synthesis at the individual replicon level and suggest a possible model for its formation.
Reduction in Sensorimotor Control With Age

This article reviews declines in motor performance associated with aging. The data are specifically categorized into subsections to facilitate the formation of hypotheses that may be tested by specific intervention and rehabilitation programs. It is no longer acceptable for investigators to think of age-related declines in sensorimotor control as a unitary deficit. Data are reviewed that suggest that the elderly have a reduced capability to use advanced preparatory information, a difficulty in processing stimuli, an inability to regulate movement speed, and an inability to adequately calibrate afferent information. Each of these deficits may be caused by a specific reduction in sensorimotor processing. It is important that future research addresses the loci of the movement slowing and increased movement variability that are so prevalent with aging. With this knowledge, intervention programs may be able to minimize or reverse the effects of aging on motor control more realistically.
Development and Characterization of a Mouse Cell Line Expressing the Human V2 Vasopressin Receptor Gene

Human genomic DNA and the HSV tk gene were cotransfected into mouse Ltk- cells and assayed for the acquisition of a Gs-coupled receptor to obtain cell lines expressing human receptors that are so far unavailable. The transfected cells were distributed into 96-well microtitration plates at a density such that after HAT (100 microM hypoxanthine, 1 microM aminopterin, and 10 microM thymidine) selection each well contained, on the average, two to three tk+ cell clones. After replication, half of them were tested for expression of a new phenotype: an adenylyl cyclase stimulatory receptor not normally expressed in the Ltk- recipient cell. The screen yielded a positive result on testing cells arising from the third transfection, the newly expressed receptor is that for arginine vasopressin, commonly referred to as type 2 or V2. DNA from primary transformants (HTB-1 cells) served to obtain secondary transformants by the same technique (HTB-2 cells). Pharmacological properties confirmed that this new receptor, which stimulates adenylyl cyclase activity 7- to 10-fold, is the human V2 receptor and not the activated homologous murine gene. The new cell line provides a permanent accessible source to study the human receptor, by-passing the need for human kidneys. The V2 receptor was susceptible to homologous down-regulation in the HTB-2 cell, but no down-regulation of the cell authentic prostaglandin E1 receptor was observed. The vasopressin receptor did not modify phospholipase-C activity in these cells as expected from V2 receptors. Thus, we successfully applied genomic DNA-mediated gene transfer and were able to develop a cell line expressing a Gs-coupled human receptor of low abundance and poor accessibility.