cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Studies of shear stress alterations in gene expression in endothelial cells shown by DNA microarray

Using DNA microarrays (Research Genetics GF 211), 25 dynes/cm/sup 2/ for 24 h shear stress increased expression of CYP 1A1 11 fold, and CYP 1B1 almost 10 fold in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), while it decreased CTGF almost 10 fold and endothelin-1 5 fold. We determined whether these changes occurred in subcultured HUVEC, if the CYP genes were induced by /spl beta/-naphthoflavone, a polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer, and whether conditioned medium could alter the levels of gene expression in static cultured of HUVEC. Shear stress upregulated CYP 1A1 10.8 /spl plusmn/ 2.1 fold, and CYP 1B1 23.1 /spl plusmn/ 3.7 fold., while CTGF and ET-1 were minimally changed.
Recent Advancements of Radar Remote Sensing; Air- and Space-borne Multimodal SAR Remote Sensing in Forestry & Agriculture, Geology, Geophysics (Volcanology and Tectonology): Advances in P0L-SAR, IN-SAR, POLinSAR and POL-DIFF-IN-SAR Sensing and Imaging with Applications to Environmental and Geodynamic Stress-change Monitoring

Radar Polarimetry Radar Interferometry and Polarimetric SAR Interferometry represent the current culmination in "Microwave Remote Sensing' technology, but we still need to progress very considerably in order to reach the limits of physical realizability. Whereas with radar polarimetry the textural fine-structure, target orientation, symmetries and material constituents can be recovered with considerable improvement above that of standard 'amplitude-only' radar; by implementing "radar interferometry' the spatial (in depth) structure can be explored. With Polarimetric Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (POL-IN-SAR) imaging, it is possible to recover such co-registered textural and spatial information from POL-IN-SAR digital image data sets simultaneously, including the extraction of Digital Elevation Maps (DEM) from either Polarimetric (scattering matrix) or Interferometric (dual antenna) SAR systems. Simultaneous Polarimetric plus Interferometric SAR Imaging offers the additional benefit of obtaining co-registered textural-plus-spatial three-dimensional POL-IN-DEM information, which when applied to Repeat-Pass Image-Overlay Interferometry provides differential background validation and environmental stress-change information with highly improved accuracy. Then, by either designing multiple dual polarization antenna POL-IN-SAR systems or by applying advanced POL-IN-SAR image compression techniques, will result in 'POLarimetric TOMOgraphic' (Multi-Interferometric) SAR or POL-TOMO-SAR imaging. By advancing these EWB-D-POL-IN/TOMO-SAR Imaging modes, we are slowly but steadily approaching the ultimate goal of eventually realizing air-borne and space-borne 'Geo-Environmental Background Validation, Stress Assessment, and Stress-Change Monitoring and Wide-area Military Surveillance of the Terrestrial and Planetary Covers'.
Combined Rocket and Airbreathing Propulsion Systems for Space-Launch Applications

A review of rocket-airbreathing combined-cycle propulsion systems for Earth-to-orbit applications is presented. Rocket-based combined-cycle (RBCC) engines take advantage of the synergistic interactions between the rocket and the airbreathing elements of the engine and the use of high-specie c impulse cycles to yield a mission-averaged specie c impulse that is higher than all-rocket technology can provide. An overview of the multimode operation is given, along with a review of both experimental and modeling work that has been done on this class of engines. Selected issues involved with these engines are discussed. These include engine/vehicle integration, e ow-path design for multimode operation, fuel selection, mixing enhancement and afterburning in rocket-ejector mode, thermal choking, and e ameholding. RBCC propulsion is becoming recognized as a promising technology for achieving a signie cant reduction in the cost of delivering payload to orbit.
Serial infusions of low-dose ketamine for major depression.

Background:Single infusions of ketamine have been used successfully to achieve improvement in depressed patients. Side effects during the infusions have been common. It is not known whether serial infusions or lower infusion rates result in greater efficacy.Methods:Ten depressed patients were treated with twice weekly ketamine infusions of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg administered over 100 min until either remission was achieved or four infusions were given. Side effects were assessed with the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Patients were followed naturalistically at weekly intervals for four weeks after completion of the infusions.Results:Five of 10 patients achieved remission status. There were no significant increases on the BPRS or YMRS. Two of the remitting patients sustained their improvement throughout the four week follow-up period.Conclusions:Ketamine infusions at a lower rate than previously reported have demonstrated similar efficacy and excellent tolerabili...
Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by a Duplex Droplet Digital PCR Assay

Health care-associated infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contribute to significant hospitalization costs. We report here a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay, which is a next-generation emulsion-based endpoint PCR assay for high-precision MRSA analysis. Reference cultures of MRSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and confounders were included as controls. Copan swabs were used to sample cultures and collect specimens for analysis from patients at a large teaching hospital. Swab extraction and cell lysis were accomplished using magnetic-driven agitation of silica beads. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) (Roche Light Cycler 480) and ddPCR (Bio-Rad QX100 droplet digital PCR system) assays were used to detect genes for the staphylococcal protein SA0140 (SA) and the methicillin resistance (mecA) gene employing standard TaqMan chemistries. Both qPCR and ddPCR assays correctly identified culture controls for MRSA (76), MSSA (12), and confounder organisms (36) with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Analysis of the clinical samples (211 negative and 186 positive) collected during a study of MRSA nasal carriage allowed direct comparison of the qPCR and ddPCR assays to the Cepheid MRSA GeneXpert assay. A total of 397 clinical samples were examined in this study. Cepheid MRSA GeneXpert values were used to define negative and positive samples. Both the qPCR and ddPCR assays were in good agreement with the reference assay. The sensitivities for the qPCR and ddPCR assays were 96.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 93.1 to 98.5%) and 96.8% (95% CI, 93.1 to 98.5%), respectively. Both the qPCR and ddPCR assays had specificities of 91.9% (95% CI, 87.5 to 94.9%) for qPCR and 91.0% (95% CI, 86.4 to 94.2%) for ddPCR technology.
Numerical grid generator based on Moser's deformation method

A deformation method of grid generation has been recently proposed. The method is based on Moser's deformation scheme in his study of the volume elements of a Riemannian manifold. In this paper, this deformation method is improved so that the grid adaption takes place according to the physical coordinates. Some numerical results are included to demonstrate the method. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An empirical study of rational emotive therapy in management of stress.

A select sample of 72 lower-division college students were exposed to a 3-wk. lecture presentation of Rational Emotive Therapy to determine the effectiveness of the therapy in reducing students' stress. In a control group were 39 upper-division college students. Both groups were given a pretest and posttest. While the results were varied, a reduction in stress was noted so further research appears appropriate.
A reappraisal of alcoholic psychoses

A retrospective study of alcoholic psychoses is reported. The phenomena of the illnesses corresponded poorly with classical descriptions of alcoholic hallucinosis, delirium tremens and alcoholic paranoia. Alternative diagnostic approaches were tried (Catego, restrictive definition of alcoholic hallucinosis). The problems of distinguishing psychoses with associated organic factors from ‘idiopathic’ forms are discussed.
Application of Deczky's program for recursive filter design to the design of recursive decimators

The IEEE Press book Programs for Digital Signal Processing includes a program due to Deczky for the least-p design of recursive filters with simultaneous magnitude and group delay constraints. This correspondence outlines a method for generalizing the algorithm to enable it to design linear phase recursive decimators. An example is given.
The effects of type 1 diabetes on the hypothalamic, pituitary and testes axis

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a lack of insulin production by the beta cells of the pancreas. This lack of insulin causes a variety of systemic effects on whole-body metabolism. Poorly managed type 1 diabetes can lead to cardiovascular disease, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. Increasingly, even well-managed type 1 diabetic patients show damage to peripheral organs related to complications from the disease. The central role of insulin in energy homeostasis also renders it an important signaling factor in the reproductive tract. type 1 diabetes has now been demonstrated to cause defects in sperm and testes. The aim of this review is to present the known effects of insulin's role in the function of the male reproductive tract. These effects might be mediated through hormonal alterations in the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis or through the direct interaction of insulin on the testes and sperm cells. Although fertility complications also occur in type 2 diabetic males, this review will focus on the defects specifically linked with the lack of insulin seen in type 1 diabetes.
Collateral development: the quest continues.

The promise of stimulating collateral blood vessel growth in the heart, brain, or peripheral circulation remains a holy grail in the field of vascular biology. For decades, clinicians and researchers have observed some individuals remain asymptomatic, despite highly obstructive atherosclerotic disease because they possess well-developed innate collateral vessels.1–4 To date, we stand on a mountain of evidence supporting their existence, their potential to be modified by various stimuli (eg, shear stress and ischemia), and their clinical benefits.5–7 Yet, we incompletely understand how much of collateral development depends on the genetic composition of a patient, and how much it is related to the environment in which these vessels are exposed. Article, see p 660 A functional collateral circulation is the end result of 2 different processes: collaterogenesis and arteriogenesis. During embryogenesis, arterial–arterial connections at the level of the microcirculation form within the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. In the brain, this mechanism occurs through the direct sprouting and proliferation of endothelial cells to form tubes that directly attach to a neighboring arteriole.8 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) seems to mediate this endothelial migration and proliferation through its receptor, flk-1, and Notch signal pathway.9 VEGF levels were directly related to the extent of native collateral growth in the brain and skeletal muscles when measured in different mouse strains.10,11 Interestingly, an expression quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 17 near vegfa was identified as a possible cause for the strain-dependent variation in VEGF expression.11 This …
Research on Work Structures

Research on the correlates and consequences of work structures is broad and diffuse, ranging from studies of diverse work settings and their societal and other macroscopic contexts to small work groups, their members, and their members’ and leaders’ ways and means. In this first chapter, we review studies related to work structures found in various disciplines. We classify these studies by their authors’ assumptions about work structures and the processes to which they give rise. A look at the kinds of issues that preoccupy archetypal writers, including what they do and do not regard as problematic, affords us insights into the perspectives from which they view work structures. A discussion of past research thus sets the stage for the next chapter in which we outline our own perspective on work structures in the expectation that the resulting juxtapositions will be instructive.
Positive Darwinian selection operating on the immunoglobulin heavy chain of Antarctic fishes

The cooling of the Southern Ocean to the freezing point of seawater (−1.9°C) over the past 25 million years played a dominant selective role in the evolution of the Antarctic fish fauna. During this period, the perciform suborder Notothenioidei, which is largely endemic to the Antarctic, diversified and developed numerous cold-adapted characters. In this report, we provide compelling evidence that the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) of the notothenioid fishes has undergone adaptive selection. Two and four IgH clones were isolated, respectively, from spleen cDNA libraries prepared from the Antarctic icefish Chaenocephalus aceratus and the yellowbelly rockcod Notothenia coriiceps. The transmembrane region of the membrane form of the rockcod IgM heavy chain was located at the end of the second constant (CH) domain, in contrast to other teleost IgMs in which the transmembrane region is located at the end of the third constant domain. Phylogenetic analyses of CH regions revealed that rates of nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution were higher than rates of synonymous nucleotide substitution. Many of the nonsynonymous substitutions introduced charge changes, consistent with positive Darwinian selection acting to adapt the structure of the notothenioid immunoglobulins. The rates of nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions were higher than the rates of synonymous nucleotide substitutions in complementarity determining regions of variable regions, suggesting that diversity at antigen binding sites is enhanced by genomic and/or somatic selection. Results of Southern blot hybridization experiments were consistent with a translocon type of IgH gene organization reminiscent of bony fishes and tetrapods. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 295B:45–58, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Properties of electron transmission through serially connected hexagonal nanorings

Transmission properties are investigated for a system of two-branch nanorings with two quantum dots per branch. The rings are connected serially by a linear segment, creating a chain of rings. Applying a tight-binding Hamiltonian method, the electron transmission properties are primarily studied. Multiple system parameters are varied to study their effects on the transmission spectrum. These parameters include the coupling to the leads in and out of the system, the coupling between rings, and the total number of rings in the system. Each of these parameters affect the transmission bandgap, the resonant transmission, and the number of resonance peaks per transmission band. By tuning the system-leads coupling to a particular value which produces a coupling match between the periodic ring system and the source and drain leads, a combination of interference and resonance effects results in a broad range of transparency, wherein the system shows full transmission over a range of energy values, independent of the number of rings in series.
Biosynthesis of tyrocidines by extracts of two strains of Bacillus brevis.

SummaryTwo different strains of the bacterium, Bacillus brevis, each of which produces the antibiotic, cyclic, decapeptides called tyrocidines have been studied. The four tyrocidines differ only in the position occupied by three of their four aromatic amino acid residues. Two of these positions may be occupied by either phenylalanine or tryptophan and the third by tyrosine or tryptophan, with the substitutions occurring in a definite sequence. (See structures given in the introductory paragraphs). A report that these four peptides are produced in vivo, by a single enzyme system with a low specificity for the aromatic amino acids, was confirmed with cell-free extracts in which the possibility of protein synthesis could be excluded. A second strain of the bacterium yielded extracts which did not show how this lack of specificity.
Study of Anti-deflagrability of Permissible Powdery Contained Ammonium Nitrate

In this paper,the measuring method on the new deflagration has been designed.The anti-deflagrability of the powdery explosive contained ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene for coal mine and the new powdery explosives are researched.The theory base and igniting condition of explosive deflagration are analyzed.The results showed that the anti-deflagrability of the traditional powdery explosive contained ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene for coal mine are worst.Improved or canceled the wood powder in the powdery explosive contained ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene for coal mine can reduce anti-deflagrability.The anti-deflagrability of powdery emulsion explosive are best.
The morbidity and mortality of reoperation for coronary artery disease and analysis of late results with use of actuarial estimate of event-free interval.

To determine late survival and functional status after second revascularization procedures for coronary artery disease, we studied 106 consecutive patients operated on between June, 1969, and December, 1980. The mean age of the 96 men and 10 women was 49 ± 8 years (range 22 to 65 years). Before reoperation, 101 patients (95%) were judged to be in New York Heart Association Class III or IV with angina, and 81 patients (76%) had three-vessel involvement. Angina recurrence was most commonly caused by bypass graft occlusion alone and in combination with progressive disease of the native arteries (60 patients, 57%). Three patients (2.8%) died within 30 days of reoperation; each death resulted from myocardial infarction. An average of 2.2 coronary arteries were bypassed in each patient. Complete follow-up data (mean 43 months) were available for 105 patients. Actuarial survival of patients dismissed alive is 94% at 5 years and 89% at 7 years. All late cardiac-related deaths occurred in patients with three-vessel disease. When recurrence of any angina, need for a third operation, and myocardial infarction are included with cardiac-related deaths, event-free survival is 28% at 5 years and 26% at 7 years. Late survival and functional status could not be predicted by the cause of recurrent angina or the presence of risk factors. Repeat myocardial revascularization can apparently be undertaken with low risk and with prospects for excellent long-term survival. After reoperation, recurrence of mild angina is not uncommon, but freedom from serious cardiac events and relief of severe symptoms were noted in more than 60% of patients 5 years later.
“The Soldier Speaks”: Yank Coverage of Women and Wartime Work

Abstract During World War II, the U.S. government undertook a massive propaganda effort to alter public perceptions of working women, as critics charged their employment was a threat to the social fabric of American society, and an obstacle to job-seeking veterans. Mass media was the arbiter of public opinion, and while much of the commentary was offered on behalf of enlisted men, soldiers′ opinions were rarely represented. This study considers the ways that Yank, a World War II-era armed services weekly, depicted women's wartime employment at a time when public sentiment was strongly opposed to it. How did Yank convey soldiers′ attitudes on the subject, and how might its content have fit into a larger propaganda effort aimed at recruiting women for industrial work while instructing them to maintain their femininity? The study finds that while women figured significantly in the pages of the journal, Yank made women's work a “non-issue” for soldiers. The topic was given short shrift in nearly every part of...
Visiting professorship in hospital medicine: An innovative twist for a growing specialty

INTRODUCTION As an emerging and rapidly growing specialty, academic hospitalists face unique challenges in career advancement. Key mentoring needs, especially developing reputation and relationships outside of their institution are often challenging. METHODS We describe the structure of a novel Visiting Professorship in Hospital Medicine Program. It utilizes reciprocal exchanges of hospitalist faculty at the rank of late assistant to early associate professor. The program is designed explicitly to facilitate spread of innovation between institutions through a presentation by the visiting professor and exposure to an innovation at the host hospital medicine group. It provides a platform to advance the career success of both early- and midcareer hospitalist faculty through 1-on-1 coaching sessions between the visiting professor and early-career faculty at the host institution and commitment by visiting professors to engage in mentoring after the visit. RESULTS Five academic hospitalist groups participated. Seven visiting professors met with 29 early-career faculty. Experience following faculty exchange visits demonstrates program effectiveness, as perceived by both early-career faculty and the visiting professors, in advancing the goals of mentorship and career advancement. One-year follow-up suggests that 62% of early-career faculty will engage in subsequent interactions with the visiting professor, and half report spread of innovation between academic hospital medicine groups. CONCLUSIONS The Visiting Professorship in Hospital Medicine offers a low-cost framework to promote collaboration between academic hospital medicine groups and facilitate interinstitutional hospitalist mentoring. It is reported to be effective for the goal of professional development for midcareer hospitalists. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
Of hairless mice and men: the genetic basis of congenital alopecia universalis/congenital atrichia.

Antecedents: Les modeles murins des maladies humaines facilitent l'identification des anomalies genetiques. Objectif: Revoir les Methodes de cartographie (mapping) de l'homozygotisme et de l'homologie souris-humain utilisees pour identifier les genes. Discuter de la correlation entre genotype et phenotype dans deux entites cliniques caracterisees par des mutations du gene humain de l'absence de pilosite. Methodes: Recours a l'exemple de la contribution de la souris sans poil a notre connaissance de l'alopecie hereditaire et mise en lumiere de l'utilite des familles consanguines dans les etudes genetiques. Resultats: Des mutations de l'homologue humain du gene murin de l'absence de poils menent a l'alopecie universelle congenitale et a une atrichie avec papules. Conclusion: Un modele murin d'alopecie congenitale a permis de comprendre le fondement moleculaire d'au moins un type d'alopecie grave de l'humain.
Role of Neuroimaging in Multiple Sclerosis

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is playing a fundamental role in detecting central nervous system changes in the early stages of multiple sclerosis (MS). It provides understanding of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes, although conventional MRI has insufficient sensitivity and specificity to reveal the true degree of pathological changes occurring in MS. Fulfillment of MRI criteria for dissemination in space and in time has become of crucial importance to stratify patients at a higher risk for the development of MS and to plan better treatment strategies. More frequent use of MRI enabled identification of subjects with radiologically isolated syndrome who do not present with typical symptoms of MS, but have similar radiological presentation. Nonconventional MRI metrics show the involvement of gray matter in early MS and provide a better understanding of the pathologic processes that most likely are related to disease activity and clinical progression.
A Modeling Approach to Hardware Analysis of the Heterogeneous DEAC Cluster

The employment of five distinct benchmarks on the Distributed Environment for Academic Computing (DEAC) Cluster at Wake Forest University provides meaningful metrics of cluster processor and memory performance. Given the heterogeneous nature of the DEAC Cluster, the benchmarks taken consider the specific processor architectures comprising the cluster. The data obtained will be assessed via two modeling approaches: (1) linear and polynomial regression and (2) Bayes' Theorem. The most suitable modeling approach for characterizing the DEAC Cluster is sought through the assessment of these models.
Crime Victims' Rights

Over the last 40 years, advocates for crime victims have succeeded in enshrining victims’ rights in state constitutions and other enactments. These provisions show that a consensus has developed around the country on certain core victims’ rights. Included in the core are, among other things, the right to notice of court hearings, to attend court hearings, to be heard at appropriate court hearings, to proceedings free from unreasonable delay, to consideration of the victims’ safety during the process, and to restitution. The current challenge for the country is ensuring that these core rights are fully and effectively implemented and that victims have a means for enforcing these rights. Strengthened enforcement language in state constitutions and, ultimately, perhaps placing victims’ rights in the United States Constitution offer the best prospects for fully protecting crime victims’ interests in the criminal justice system.
Spurring Mobile Systems Research Into The Next Decade

Wireless and mobile systems are becoming an ubiquitous part of everyday life. Some of the most common systems have become commoditized, enabling higher-layer application-driven research while at the same time inhibiting lower-layer research. On the other hand, new frontiers of wireless communications are opening up in various spectrum bands hitherto not used for wireless data communications. This talk will cover the future of wireless systems-driven research and contributions to science & technology from the vantage point of the National Science Foundation.
Weill Cornell Neurology Book Club: A Pilot Curriculum To Promote Understanding of “A Day in the Life” of Our Neurology Patients (P04.247)

OBJECTIVE: To enhance neurologists9 understanding of what patients and their families experience living with neurological disease. BACKGROUND: Neurology trainees learn about patients9 struggles in dealing with their disease through clinical encounters, but there is no formal curriculum for fostering discussion. DESIGN/METHODS: We piloted the Weill Cornell Neurology Book Club (WCNBC) during the 2011-2012 academic year. Enrollment was open to neurology residents, fellows, and faculty. Over the 12-month period, six books were discussed in an open-ended format; 3 autobiographies, 2 biographies, and 1 non-fiction book. All 6 books were chosen for their emphasis on the patient9s and caregiver9s experience in coping with neurological illness. The disorders highlighted included: stroke (2), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lewy body dementia, Alzheimer9s disease, and traumatic spinal cord injury. At the end of the year, participants were asked to complete an anonymous online survey of their experience. RESULTS: Ten neurologists/neurologists-in-training attended at least 1 book club session (3 attended all 6, median 4, range 1-6). All members of the WCNBC would recommend at least one of the selected books to other neurologists, and 80% would recommend at least one to patients or families. Sixty-percent reported they changed the way they practice based on their participation in the book club. Examples included being more mindful of patient comfort, minimizing physician9s distraction during patient encounters, and more open-minded and sensitive to the challenges patients face. CONCLUSIONS: Participation in WCNBC fostered understanding of the hardships neurology patients and their families endure. Select books may be recommended from personal experience to patients and families, with confidence in the content. We plan to administer a pre- and post-participation survey to new WCNBC members for the 2012-2013 year to further assess the book club9s utility as a method of promoting the psychosocial understanding of our patients9 and their families9 difficulties in dealing with neurological disease. Supported by: Weill Cornell Medical College. Disclosure: Dr. Deutsch has nothing to disclose. Dr. Safdieh has received personal compensation for activities with Pfizer Inc as a consultant.
Abstract 12668: Platelet Pharmacogenetics in Common Clinical Practice

Purpose: Antiplatelet drug resistance is a well known problem, causing recurrent cardiovascular events despite adequate guideline therapy. The role of pharmacogenetics has been demonstrated in several large trials reporting polymorphisms related to antiplatelet resistance. However, the influence of these polymorphisms in unselected populations in clinical practice remains to be elucidated. We investigated the best replicated polymorphisms in an unselected population of patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Patients with AMI (n=1287) presenting in the Leiden University Medical Center between 2004 and 2010 were treated according to the standardized guideline-based MISSION protocol. All patients underwent a primary PCI. Aspirin and clopidogrel were prescribed to 94% and 98% of the patients respectively. Cardiovascular events (AMI, revascularization or cardiac death) were recorded during the first year after the index event. The selected genetic polymorphisms, COX-1 (-842A>G), P2Y1 (893C>T), GP Ia (807C>T), GP IIIa (PlA1/A2), CYP2C19 (*2, *3 and *17) and ABCB1 (3435T>C), were genotyped using MassArray platform (Sequenom). Associations were tested with a Cox regression model with adjustment for known risk factors. Results: During follow up, 246 patients (19.1%) suffered from a cardiovascular event. Patients homozygous for the CYP2C19*2 allele had an increased risk of an event, HR 1.91 (95% CI 1.49-2.44), p=3.8x10-7. To a lesser extent, also carriers of the GPIIIa PlA2/A2 genotype were at risk, HR 1.38 (1.02-1.88), p=0.037. The other polymorphisms were not associated with treatment outcome. Conclusion: We demonstrate that in an unselected all-comers population of AMI patients the CYP2C19*2 allele is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Testing for this polymorphism might prove useful in identification of patients that could benefit from more potent antiplatelet therapy.
The Poetry of Regionalism, Feminine Voices of the Nineteenth-Century: Emily Dickenson and Annette von Droste-Hulshoff

Le refus du romantisme et l'adoption d'une langue familiere au service de la couleur locale| etude comparative et thematique de l'oeuvre regionaliste des deux poetesses
Lactation and vitamin D

The resurgence in vitamin D-associated rickets and world-wide description of maternal and infant vitamin D deficiency highlights the need for global maternal and infant vitamin D recommendations and action to ensure vitamin D health during lactation. Direct infant vitamin D supplementation of at least 400 IU/day vitamin D will protect the majority of infants from vitamin D deficiency rickets by maintaining 25-hydroxyvitamin D status above 50 nmol/l regardless of race, season, latitude, or maternal vitamin D status. Additionally, the physiology of breast milk production comprises the mechanism required for the mother to supply vitamin D activity to her infant and, with adequate maternal vitamin D intake, a mother is able to supply her infant with the vitamin D required to match the status achieved with direct infant supplementation. As current multi-center, randomized, controlled trials are underway to identify the maternal vitamin D supplementation associated with safe, effective supplementation of the breastfed infant, studies to more accurately define infant vitamin D health also are occurring. Though the vitamin D status and dose to safely avoid vitamin D deficiency rickets are known, the vitamin D status and/or dose (infant and/or maternal) that optimizes infant bone health or immune function for both short- and long-term outcomes has yet to be identified. Current case series and cohort studies demonstrate that infant vitamin D health may be important in avoiding acute lower respiratory infection and diabetes mellitus type 1.
Polyurethanes as Biomaterials — Assessment of Blood Compatibility

Segmented polyurethanes (SPU) are being widely used as biomaterials in blood contacting devices (e.g.angiographic catheters). Most of the time the results are very encouraging ones, showing very low blood platelet activation, but substantial variations have been reported. For this reason it is important to relate blood platelet activity with chemical composition, specially surface composition since blood “sees” only the surface of a material and will react accordingly. In fact the surface and the bulk of SPU will not usually be the same since in these polymers there is phase separation of two mutually incompatible molecular sequences. One sequence, which can be a polyether, constitues the continuous phase and is rubbery at room temperature (“soft” phase). The other sequence, consists of strongly hydrogen bonding units derived from diisocyanates and (usually) diamines which cluster as glassy or crystalline micelles, acting as the discontinuous phase (“hard” phase).
Linguistic effect on speech perception observed at the brainstem

Linguistic experience affects speech perception from early infancy, as previously evidenced by behavioral and brain measures. Current research focuses on whether linguistic effects on speech perception can be observed at an earlier stage in the neural processing of speech (i.e., auditory brainstem). Brainstem responses reflect rapid, automatic, and preattentive encoding of sounds. Positive experiential effects have been reported by examining the frequency-following response (FFR) component of the complex auditory brainstem response (cABR) in response to sustained high-energy periodic portions of speech sounds (vowels and lexical tones). The current study expands the existing literature by examining the cABR onset component in response to transient and low-energy portions of speech (consonants), employing simultaneous magnetoencephalography (MEG) in addition to electroencephalography (EEG), which provide complementary source information on cABR. Utilizing a cross-cultural design, we behaviorally measured perceptual responses to consonants in native Spanish- and English-speaking adults, in addition to cABR. Brain and behavioral relations were examined. Results replicated previous behavioral differences between language groups and further showed that individual consonant perception is strongly associated with EEG-cABR onset peak latency. MEG-cABR source analysis of the onset peaks complimented the EEG-cABR results by demonstrating subcortical sources for both peaks, with no group differences in peak locations. Current results demonstrate a brainstem–perception relation and show that the effects of linguistic experience on speech perception can be observed at the brainstem level.
Opioid Screening Practices in the Cancer Pain Patient.

Abstract Background: Despite the growing use of opioids to treat cancer pain and the probability of opioid aberrancy in the cancer setting, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) or recommendations fo...
Urinary concentrations and profiles of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticide metabolites and phenoxyacid herbicides in populations in eight countries.

Concentrations of nine metabolites of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, as well as two phenoxy herbicides, were determined in 322 urine samples collected from eight countries during 2006-2014 by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The target pesticides were found ubiquitously, indicating widespread exposure of humans to pesticides in these countries. The highest sum concentrations of 11 pesticides were found in urine collected from Vietnam (median, 28.9 ng/mL), followed in decreasing order by samples from India (14.2 ng/mL), China (13.6 ng/mL), Korea (12.5 ng/mL), Greece (12.3 ng/mL), Saudi Arabia (11.3 ng/mL), the USA (7.9 ng/mL), and Japan (7.1 ng/mL). Organophosphorus compounds accounted for 62-77% of the total urinary pesticide concentrations. Para-nitrophenol (metabolite of parathion and methyl parathion) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (metabolite of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl) were the major metabolites, especially in India (72%), China (69%), and Greece (66%). Differences in urinary pesticide concentrations between genders (male vs. female), age groups (categorized as ≤20, 21-49, and ≥50 years), and cities (Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Qiqihar) were examined. On the basis of the concentrations measured in urine, total daily intakes (DIs) of pesticides were estimated. The DIs of chlorpyrifos were found to be higher for populations in Vietnam, Greece, India, China, and Korea (≥9.6 μg/day) than those estimated for the other countries (<5 μg/day). The DIs of parathion (≥9.6 μg/day) in populations of China, India, and Korea were higher than those estimated for the other countries (5.7-9.3 μg/day). This is the first study to establish baseline levels of exposure of a variety of pesticides in several Asian countries.
Comparing cognitive styles in social anxiety and major depressive disorders: An examination of rumination, worry, and reappraisal

Objective Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are commonly occurring and frequently comorbid disorders. Though individuals with SAD and MDD are more likely to engage in rumination and worry, relatively few studies have compared individuals with SAD, MDD, or both disorders on their use of these cognitive styles. Similarly, the extent to which the disorders differ in their use of reappraisal remains unclear. Thus, the current study sought to systematically examine rumination, worry, and reappraisal in individuals with and without SAD, MDD, or both disorders. Methods The study comprised 330 participants recruited from the community (n = 54 with SAD, n = 61 with MDD, n = 69 with comorbid SAD/MDD, and n = 146 healthy controls). Following confirmation of diagnostic status via clinical interview, participants completed measures of rumination, worry, and reappraisal. Results Healthy controls reported less use of rumination (i.e., brooding and reflection) and worry than individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis. Individuals with SAD or MDD did not differ from each other, but participants in both groups reported less rumination, particularly brooding, than individuals with comorbid SAD/MDD. Diagnostic group differences in reappraisal only emerged when reappraisal was considered alongside other cognitive styles. Further, moderation analyses indicated that reappraisal was only associated with SAD or MDD when participants also reported high levels of rumination and worry. Conclusions Results support transdiagnostic conceptualizations of rumination and worry. They also suggest that reappraisal is only useful when it is used by people who experience frequent and habitual negative cognitions. Practitioner points Individuals with SAD or MDD report more rumination and worry than healthy controls, but do not differ from each other in their reliance on these cognitive styles. Individuals with comorbid SAD/MDD endorse more rumination than individuals with SAD or MDD alone, even after adjusting for differences in symptom severity. Reappraisal may only predict diagnostic group status when considered alongside other cognitive styles. In particular, high reappraisal may be associated with reduced risk of psychiatric disorder, but only when rumination and worry are also high. Limitations The study was limited by its cross-sectional design and reliance on self-report measures. Participants were diagnosed using DSM-IV-TR criteria for SAD and MDD.
Whose justice? The ICC ‘Africa problem’

This article explores an understudied dimension of the International Criminal Court ‘Africa Problem’ – low contestedness. In a world of enduring cultural differences, norm contestation is inevitabl...
Phylogenetic Diversity, Virulence and Comparative Genomics

Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, has remained a public health concern since the identification of this organism in 1935 by E. H. Derrick in Australia and at the Rocky Mountain Laboratory in the USA by H.R. Cox and G. Davis. Human Q fever has been described in most countries where C. burnetii is ubiquitous in the environment except in New Zealand where no cases have been described. Most human infections are acquired through inhalation of contaminated aerosols that can lead to acute self-limiting febrile illness or more severe chronic cases of hepatitis or endocarditis. It is estimated that the actual incidence of human infection is under-reported as a result of imprecise tools for differential diagnosis. An intracellular lifestyle, low infectious dose, and ease of transmission have resulted in the classification of C. burnetii as a category B bio-warfare agent. The recent outbreaks in Europe are a reminder that there is much to learn about this unique intracellular pathogen, especially with the speculation of a hyper-virulent strain contributing to an outbreak in the Netherlands where over 4,000 human cases were reported. A new era in C. burnetii research has begun with the recent description of an axenic media making this an exciting time to study this bacterial pathogen.
Neurobiological Core Content in the Research-Supported Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP) Program Model

This article explores neurobiological components in the Transforming Impossible into Possible (TIP) program; a research-supported social work group model developed from the theory of psychological ...
Influence of the Statistical Properties of Phase and Intensity on Closure Phase

Nonzero closure phase exists in multilooked pixels. We study the influence of the statistical properties of the intensity and phase changes of single-looked pixels on multilooked phase and coherence. By quantifying the extent of their influences on phase triplet, we show in this article that the statistical properties of the intensity of pixels within a multilooking window can induce changes in interferometric phase and coherence, and contribute to the nonzero closure phase. We demonstrate that the intensity-induced changes increase by increasing the standard deviation of the phase changes, dispersion index of intensity, and the correlation between the intensity and phase changes. We have used ALOS Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR), ALOS-2 PALSAR-2, and Sentinel-1 images to generate real and semisynthetic interferograms to assess our findings. The semisynthetic interferograms are produced by pairing real SAR data and synthetic SAR data; the synthetic SAR data are generated from the real data by adding random vectors with predefined average changes of phase and intensity. Our results show that closure phase is only a function of the statistical properties of the phase and intensity of pixels, and does not possess the information about the magnitude of physical changes. This casts doubt on the effectiveness of methods that exploit phase triplet as a means to estimate soil moisture or any other deforming or nondeforming changes.
Adversarial Learning for Supervised and Semi-supervised Relation Extraction in Biomedical Literature

Adversarial training is a technique of improving model performance by involving adversarial examples in the training process. In this paper, we investigate adversarial training with multiple adversarial examples to benefit the relation extraction task. We also apply adversarial training technique in semi-supervised scenarios to utilize unlabeled data. The evaluation results on protein-protein interaction and protein subcellular localization task illustrate adversarial training provides improvement on the supervised model, and is also effective on involving unlabeled data in the semi-supervised training case. In addition, our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on two benchmarking datasets.
Progressive Conduction System Disease in an Apparently Healthy Man

Herein we discuss the progression of conduction system disease in an apparently healthy man. Over the course of 17 years he manifested atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter and progressive conduction system disease. He was ultimately diagnosed with an underlying genetic abnormality and currently cardiac structure and function remain normal despite the progression in his conduction disease.
Break Out the World's Smallest Violin for an Overwhelmed Neuroradiologist.

When the world seemingly stopped turning in early March 2020, I anticipated many life changes, most involving isolation and a slowing of routine activities, both professional and personal. As my husband and I transported my (astoundingly) heavy Barco monitor and workstation to our weekend place at
Bottle-Feeding Challenges in Preterm-Born Infants in the First 7 Months of Life:

Preterm infants frequently experience oral feeding challenges while in the neonatal intensive care unit, with research focusing on infant feeding during this hospital stay. There is little data on ...
Citizen Scientists Conduct Distributed Doppler Measurement for Ionospheric Remote Sensing

Doppler shift measurement using time standard stations as passive radar beacons is well-established as a means of estimating virtual ionospheric height. A community science experiment in distributed Doppler shift measurement was conducted in October 2019 using the time station WWV, on the event of that station's centennial. Participants were asked to collect Doppler shift data from the WWV 5-MHz carrier via the open-source software program fldigi. This experiment garnered participation from stations across the country, demonstrating considerable volunteer interest: 45 recordings of WWV's 5-MHz beacon were collected. The novel element of this study is the use of distributed low-fidelity sensors in this geophysical domain, and the robust participation of the amateur radio community was enabled by inexpensive and readily available instrumentation. In this letter, we present an initial correlation analysis of the resultant data and discuss its implications for future long-term distributed Doppler networks. The data collected are in good agreement and, when examined together, offer some insights into regional trends. Despite the variety of equipment used by the amateur community, this community science approach shows promise for addressing the problem of undersampling in the geospace system.
Perceptual difficulty differences predict asymmetry in redundant modification with color and material adjectives

When referring to objects, speakers are often more specific than necessary for the purpose of establishing unique reference, e.g., by producing redundant modifiers. A computational model of referring expression production that accounts for many of the key patterns in redundant adjectival modification assumes that adjectives differ in how noisy (reliable), and consequently, how useful they are for reference. Here we investigate one hypothesis about the source of the assumed adjectival noise: that it reflects the perceptual difficulty of establishing whether the property denoted by the adjective holds of the contextually relevant objects. In Exp.1, we collect perceptual difficulty norms for items that vary in color and material. In Exp. 2, we test the highest (material) and lowest (color) perceptual difficulty items in a reference game and find that material is indeed less likely to be mentioned redundantly, replicating previous work. In Exp. 3, we obtain norms for the tested items in a second perceptual difficulty measure with the aim of testing the effect of perceptual difficulty within property type. The overall results provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that the propensity to redundantly use color over material adjectives may be driven by the relative ease of assessing an object’s color, compared to the relative difficulty of assessing its material.