cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A system of network accessible self-guided training tools for clinical laboratories

Abstract We have devised a series of training modules for use in clinical laboratories that enable multiple users at dispersed sites to readily access network resident programs for acquiring new skills, updating current practices, and for evaluating technical proficiency. The core of the system is based on ‘Liquid Motion’® software. Modules developed and tested include aspects of laboratory functions that are image intensive (hemato-pathology, urine microscopy), as well as those that require text and synchronized images (atomic absorption, point-of-care testing). The modules are compatible with audio input as needed. These provide a set of training tools that are network resident and can be accessed from any site within an integrated health delivery system. The use of the tools is integrated with automated record-keeping of users, logs of functions accessed, and features that enable customization for satisfying regulatory compliance for laboratories. Therefore, this network enabled, self-guided set of training tools extends laboratory automation for handling effectively and uniformly technical skills for all personnel in a health delivery system.
Nitrate Levels in Shallow Groundwater under Pastures Receiving Ammonium Nitrate or Slow‐Release Nitrogen Fertilizer

This study examined the impact on groudwater quality of conventional and slow-release N fertilizer to small, grazed watersheds in eastern Ohio. Three small watersheds (each less than 1 ha) received 56 kg N/ha annually as NH 4 NO 3 for 5 yr. For the next 10 yr, one watershed received 168 kg N/ha annually as NH 4 NO 3 and two others received the same amount of N as methylene urea, a slow-release fertilizer. Shallow groundwater samples were collected from springs and analyzed []
Trisdimethylaminoantimony: a new Sb source for low temperature epitaxial growth of InSb

Abstract Many new Sb sources for organometallic vapor phase epitaxial (OMVPE) growth of low energy band gap III/V antimonides have been developed and tested. However, most of the precursors including trimethylantimony (TMSb), triisopropylantimony (TIPSb), diisopropylantimonyhydride (DIPSbH), and tertiarybutyldimethylantimony (TBDMSb) have significant drawbacks such as inefficient pyrolysis at low temperatures or high levels of carbon contamination in the materials produced. In this work, a new Sb source, trisdimethylaminoantimony (TDMASb) [Sb(N(CH 3 ) 2 ) 3 ], has been used with trimethylindium (TMIn) for the growth of InSb epitaxial layers by atmospheric pressure OMVPE. This precursor is found to be particularly effective at low growth temperatures. V/III ratios for growth of good morphology layers were less than 3 for growth temperatures of 300 to 425°C. A V /III ratio of less than 1 was optimum at 275°C since the TDMASb pyrolyzes more efficiently than TMIn at this temperature. Higher growth efficiencies (growth rate/group III molar flow rate) were observed than for other Sb precursors for growth temperatures below 400°C. From the photoluminescence (PL) spectra and X-ray diffraction data, it was confirmed that good InSb crystallographic quality was obtained for growth temperatures from 425 to as low as 275°C. For the first time, PL at 10 K has been observed from InSb epitaxial layers grown at 300°C. The free electron concentrations of the InSb epitaxial layers were measured to be between 2.7 × 10 16 and 5 × 10 17 cm -3 over the entire range of growth temperature. Thus, the very high levels of carbon incorporation measured for low-temperature growth using several other Sb precursors was avoided using TDMASb. These results indicate that the new Sb precursor, TDMASb, is excellent for OMVPE growth of InSb and appears to be the best source to date for low temperature growth.
Cryptic urokinase binding sites on human foreskin fibroblasts

Abstract Human foreskin cells possess sites on their surfaces that specifically bind both active and diisopropylphosphofluoridate-inactivated 2 chain 54 K Da [ 125 I]-urokinase, but do not bind the 54 K Da single chain form of urokinase. 125 I-urokinase bound to these sites is not internalized and is very slow to dissociate. There are about 40,000 available binding sites per cell. Brief incubation with pH 2.5 buffer at 5°C unmasks another two to six fold more sites and also extracts plasminogen activator that, based on its accessibility to trypsin, appears to be at the cell surface. This suggests that the cryptic urokinase binding sites could be sites occupied with endogenous plasminogen activator.
Cognitive ability and academic achievement in the Colorado Adoption Project: A multivariate genetic analysis of parent-offspring and sibling data

To test the hypothesis that the etiology of covariation among measures of cognitive ability and academic achievement is due at least in part to shared genetic influences, data from 198 adoptive and 220 nonadoptive families participating in the Colorado Adoption Project were subjected to multivariate behavioral genetic analyses. Data on measures of cognitive ability (verbal comprehension and perceptual organization) and academic achievement (reading recognition and mathematics achievement) from related and unrelated sibling pairs tested at age 7, as well as from adoptive and nonadoptive parents, were analyzed. Phenotypic analyses confirmed previous findings of moderate correlations among measures of cognitive ability and achievement, averaging about .35. Although 54% of the covariation between reading and mathematics achievement was due to influences shared with verbal ability, a significant proportion of this covariation was independent of the cognitive ability measures. Heritabilities for the various measures were moderate, ranging from .21 to .37. Moreover, genetic influences accounted for 33-64% of their phenotypic covariation; for example, 33-60% of the observed correlations between verbal comprehension and the achievement measures, 64% of those between perceptual organization and the achievement measures, and 63% of that between reading recognition and mathematics achievement were due to shared genetic influences. Similar to the results of the phenotypic analysis, nearly half of the genetic covariance between reading and mathematics achievement was independent of cognitive ability. Their remaining covariance was due primarily to nonshared environmental influences.
The action mechanisms of plant cryptochromes

Cryptochromes (CRY) are blue-light receptors that mediate various light responses in plants. The photoexcited CRY molecules undergo several biophysical and biochemical changes, including electron transfer, phosphorylation and ubiquitination, resulting in conformational changes to propagate light signals. Two modes of CRY signal transduction have recently been discovered: the cryptochrome-interacting basic-helix-loop-helix 1 (CIB)-dependent CRY2 regulation of transcription; and the SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA1/CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (SPA1/COP1)-dependent cryptochrome regulation of proteolysis. Both CRY signaling pathways rely on blue light-dependent interactions between the CRY photoreceptor and its signaling proteins to modulate gene expression changes in response to blue light, leading to altered developmental programs in plants.
Strain-specific differentiation of lactococci in mixed starter culture populations using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-derived probes

A hydrophobic grid membrane filtration (HGMF) colony hybridization assay was developed that allows strain-specific differentiation of defined bacterial populations. The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting technique was used to identify potential signature nucleic acid sequences unique to each member of a commercial cheese starter culture blend. The blend consisted of two closely related Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris strains, 160 and 331, and one L. lactis subsp. lactis strain, 210. Three RAPD primers (OPX 1, OPX 12, and OPX 15) generated a total of 32 products from these isolates, 20 of which were potential strain-specific markers. Southern hybridization analyses revealed, that the RAPD-generated signature sequences OPX15-0.95 and a 0.36-kb HaeIII fragment of OPX1-1.0b were specific for strains 331 and 210, respectively, within the context of the test starter culture blend. These strain-specific probes were used in a HGMF colony hybridization assay. Colony lysis, hybridization, and nonradioactive detection parameters were optimized to allow specific differentiation and quantitation of the target strains in the mixed starter culture population. When the 210 and 331 probes were tested at their optimal hybridization temperatures against single cultures, they detected 100% of the target strain CFUs, without cross-reactivity to the other strains. The probes for strains 210 and 331 also successfully detected their targets in blended cultures even with a high background of the other two strains.
Context-Sensitive Access Control Policy Evaluation and Enforcement Using Vulnerability Exploitation Data

Conventional approaches for adapting security enforcement in the face of attacks rely on administrators to make policy changes that will limit damage to the system. Paradigm shifts in the capabilities of attack tools demand supplementary strategies that can also adjust policy enforcement dynamically. We extend the current research by proposing an approach for integrating real-time security assessment data into access control systems. Critical application scenarios are tested to examine the impact of using risk data in policy evaluation and enforcement.
Identity, minority stress and psychological well-being among gay men and lesbians

Exposure to gay-related discrimination, perceived stigma or other stressors is associated with poorer mental health for gay and lesbian individuals. Yet not all gay men and lesbians experience the same levels or types of stressors, nor do they react the same in response to stress exposure. Using a sample of self-identified gay and lesbian individuals who completed an online survey, this research examined whether social identity, specifically a sense of belonging to the lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) community, predicted both exposure and reactivity to gay-related stress. Results showed that those who were higher in gay identity reported significantly more discrimination but significantly less perceived stigma than those who were lower in gay identity. Although gay identity was not associated with reactivity to discrimination, it was associated with reactivity to perceived stigma. Those who were lower in gay identity reported significantly more depressive symptoms when they experienced high levels of perc...
Chemically Reacting Plasma Jet Expansion Simulation for Application to Electrothermal Chemical Guns

A computational ∞uid dynamics simulation of an expanding capillary plasma jet for electrothermal chemical (ETC) gun application is presented. A chemical model is developed for the plasma-air interaction that uses 26 species and 60 reactions in an implicit CFD code. Time accurate results are obtained for two plasma jet experiments, one with wall impingement with pressure sensor data from multiple locations, and another that decelerated the plasma through a plasma holding chamber, which greatly efiected the chemical species present. Conclusions are drawn from the results that speak to the importance of the plasma-air interaction in actual ETC implementation. This work is part of a complete beginning-to-end model of the plasma propellant interaction currently being developed.
Legionella pneumophila Utilizes the Same Genes To Multiply within Acanthamoeba castellanii and Human Macrophages

In previous reports we described a 22-kb Legionella pneumophila chromosomal locus containing 18 genes. Thirteen of these genes (icmT, -R, -Q, -P, -O, -M, -L, -K, -E, -C, -D, -J, and -B) were found to be completely required for intracellular growth and killing of human macrophages. Three genes (icmS, -G, and -F) were found to be partially required, and two genes (lphA and tphA) were found to be dispensable for intracellular growth and killing of human macrophages. Here, we analyzed the requirement of these genes for intracellular growth in the protozoan host Acanthamoeba castellanii, a well-established important environmental host of L. pneumophila. We found that all the genes that are completely required for intracellular growth in human macrophages are also completely required for intracellular growth in A. castellanii. However, the genes that are partially required for intracellular growth in human macrophages are completely required for intracellular growth in A. castellanii. In addition, the lphA gene, which was shown to be dispensable for intracellular growth in human macrophages, is partially required for intracellular growth in A. castellanii. Our results indicate that L. pneumophila utilizes the same genes to grow intracellularly in both human macrophages and amoebae.
Multifunction Aperture for Vehicular Radar Integration

The current vision of active safety systems in future vehicles includes the use of both narrow field of view 77 GHz long range radar and wide field of view 24 GHz short range radar. The complexity of integrating both long range and short- range radar in the front of a vehicle is driving the need for new antenna approaches. This work describes the use of a spherical dielectric lens antenna with multiple 24 GHz and 77 GHz feeds located around the lens that creates multi-beam outputs with needed radiation patterns for each radar application from a single aperture. A prototype of this multifunction aperture was fabricated and measured.
Parametrization for Mesoscale Ocean Transport through Random Flow Models

We describe a mathematical approach based on homogenization theory toward representing the effects of mesoscale coherent structures on large-scale transport in the ocean. We demonstrate the approach on a deterministic and a random model flow. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Neural correlates of binocular rivalry in the human lateral geniculate nucleus

When dissimilar images are presented to the two eyes, they compete for perceptual dominance so that only one image is visible at a time while the other one is suppressed. Neural correlates of such binocular rivalry have been found at multiple stages of visual processing, including striate and extrastriate visual cortex. However, little is known about the role of subcortical processing during binocular rivalry. Here we used fMRI to measure neural activity in the human LGN while subjects viewed contrast-modulated gratings presented dichoptically. Neural activity in the LGN correlated strongly with the subjects' reported percepts, such that activity increased when a high-contrast grating was perceived and decreased when a low-contrast grating was perceived. Our results provide evidence for a functional role of the LGN in binocular rivalry and suggest that the LGN, traditionally viewed as the gateway to the visual cortex, may be an early gatekeeper of visual awareness.
Computer- and Internet-Based Psychotherapy Interventions:

Computers and Internet-based programs have great potential to make psychological assessment and treatment more cost-effective. Computer-assisted therapy appears to be as effective as face-to-face treatment for treating anxiety disorders and depression. Internet support groups also may be effective and have advantages over face-to-face therapy. However, research on this approach remains meager.
Perceptual estimation obeys Occam's razor

Theoretical models of unsupervised category learning postulate that humans "invent" categories to accommodate new patterns, but tend to group stimuli into a small number of categories. This "Occam's razor" principle is motivated by normative rules of statistical inference. If categories influence perception, then one should find effects of category invention on simple perceptual estimation. In a series of experiments, we tested this prediction by asking participants to estimate the number of colored circles on a computer screen, with the number of circles drawn from a color-specific distribution. When the distributions associated with each color overlapped substantially, participants' estimates were biased towards values intermediate between the two means, indicating that subjects ignored the color of the circles and grouped different-colored stimuli into one perceptual category. These data suggest that humans favor simpler explanations of sensory inputs. In contrast, when the distributions associated with each color overlapped minimally, the bias was reduced (i.e., the estimates for each color were closer to the true means), indicating that sensory evidence for more complex explanations can override the simplicity bias. We present a rational analysis of our task, showing how these qualitative patterns can arise from Bayesian computations.
Study of an I = 0 π − π + Resonance at a Mass of 1.06 GeV

We have observed a resonance in the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ final state with $I=0$, $M=1.06\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.015$ GeV, and $\ensuremath{\Gamma}l0.07$ GeV; our analysis favors $lg~2$. It is produced primarily at a four-momentum transfer squared less than 0.1 Ge${\mathrm{V}}^{2}$, and observed most clearly in the region where the cosine of the $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ scattering angle is less than -0.75.
IFRA: instruction footprint recording and analysis for post-silicon bug localization in processors

The objective of IFRA, Instruction Footprint Recording and Analysis, is to overcome the challenges associated with a very expensive step in post-silicon validation of processors -- bug localization in a system setup. IFRA consists of special design and analysis techniques required to bridge a major gap between system-level and circuit-level debug. Special hardware recorders, called Footprint Recording Structures (FRS's), record semantic information about data and control flows of instructions passing through various design blocks of a processor. This information is recorded concurrently during normal operation of a processor in a post-silicon system validation setup. Upon detection of a problem, the recorded information is scanned out and analyzed for bug localization. Special program analysis techniques, together with the binary of the application executed during post-silicon validation, are used for the analysis. IFRA does not require full system-level reproduction of bugs or system-level simulation. Simulation results on a complex super-scalar processor demonstrate that IFRA is effective in accurately localizing bugs with very little impact on overall chip area.
Amino acid fortification of bread fed at varying levels during gestation and lactation in rats.

The effects of protein quality improvement of white bread fed to female rats during pregnancy and lactation, under varying degrees of adequacy in food energy, on growth and brain development or the offspring have been studied. Weaning weight and the weight, protein and DNA of whole brain and major regions of the brain at weaning were de termined. Lysine addition significantly increased all parameters, and threo- nine addition gave additional significant increments. Restricting energy intake decreased most parameters independent of protein quality. Brain cellularity was significantly higher in offspring of dams fed lysine and threonine fortified bread than in offspring of dams fed casein. All param eters measured in the offspring of dams fed lysine and threonine fortified bread at 70% ad libitum consumption were significantly increased over the values obtained in the offspring of dams fed unfortified bread ad libitum even though they had consumed 13% less protein and dietary energy during the pregnancy and lactation period. The implications of these findings for practical problems in human nutrition are considered. J. Nutr. 107: 300-309, 1977.
Review: Remi Hess & Christoph Wulf (1999) (Eds.). Grenzgänge. Über den Umgang mit dem Eigenen und dem Fremden [Walking the Border. On the Treatment of Self and Others]

Das hier vorliegende Buch befasst sich grostenteils mit Erfahrungen und Forschungsergebnissen aus mehr als zwei Jahrzehnten der Arbeit des Deutsch-Franzosischen Jugendwerkes (DFJW). In vielen Beitragen wird Ewald BRASS, langjahriger Leiter verschiedener Referate des DFJW, geehrt. Das Buch enthalt wertvolle Einsichten uber und Vorschlage fur interkulturelle Arbeit, weicht jedoch in vielerlei Hinsicht vom im Titel gestellten Thema ab. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0103272
The origins and relatedness of multiple reproductives in colonies of the termite Nasutitermes corniger

Colonies of the termite Nasutitermes corniger often contain multiple reproductive queens and kings. We used double–strand conformation polymorphism (DSCP) analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to determine the probable origins of co–occurring reproductives. Colonies differed in queen and king number, in the number of nests containing reproductives, and in the genetic relationships among reproductives. Most of the 44 colonies contained a single pair of maternally unrelated reproductives. In the two single–nest colonies with a pair of queens, the two queens differed in mtDNA haplotype, suggesting nest–founding by unrelated queens. In the seven single–nest colonies with larger numbers of reproductives (11–49), all reproductives shared the same haplotype, a pattern consistent with replacement of a single pair by several offspring. As predicted by theory, the number of coexisting queens was greater for replacement reproductives than for co–foundresses. Several complex colonies contained multiple queens of two or more haplotypes distributed among several interconnected nests. This indicates that several matrilines can persist within a colony through one or more generations of budding and replacement, a hypothesis confirmed by orphaning experiments. The various modes of termite colony formation rival the diversity seen in ant species and demonstrate the remarkable convergence of behaviours between the two groups.
Evidence for weak oceanic transform faults

[1] We present the results of a series of 3-D boundary element calculations to investigate the effects of oceanic transform faults on stress state and fault development at adjacent mid-ocean ridge spreading centers. We find that the time-averaged strength of transform faults is low, and that on time scales longer than a typical earthquake cycle transform faults behave as zones of significant weakness. Specifically, mechanical coupling of only � 5% best explains the observed patterns of strike-slip and oblique normal faulting near a ridge-transform intersection. On time scales shorter than a typical earthquake cycle, transient ‘‘locked’’ periods can produce anomalous reverse faulting similar to that observed at the inside corner (IC) of several slow-spreading ridge segments. Furthermore, we predict that extensional stresses will be suppressed at the IC due to the shear along the transform resisting ridge-normal extension. This implies that an alternative mechanism is necessary to explain the preferential normal fault growth and enhanced microseismicity observed at many ICs. INDEX TERMS: 3035 Marine Geology and Geophysics: Midocean ridge processes. Citation: Behn, M. D., J. Lin, and M. T. Zuber, Evidence for weak oceanic transform faults, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(24), 2207, doi:10.1029/2002GL015612, 2002.
Low-Velocity Impact Damage on Thick-Section Graphite/Epoxy Laminated Plates

The differences and similarities between thin and thick composite lami nated plate responses to impact were experimentally investigated. The impact resistance of graphite/epoxy specimens of thickness varying from 0.254 to 2.54 cm were studied. All tests were conducted at low velocities in a drop tower apparatus. Ultrasonic C-scans of the damaged specimens were used to quantify the impact damage. Cross sections of some im pacted specimens were also examined to determine the through-the-thickness damage. Re sidual flexural strength was measured with a three-point flexural test fixture. The results show that the thin/thick laminate impact behavior transition occurs at a thickness situated between 0.635 and 1.37 cm.
Alternative forms of the high-technology district: corridors, clumps, cores, campuses, subdivisions, and sites

Does a high-tech economy create fundamentally different places from other employment areas? In this paper I propose a typology of small to medium-scale high-technology districts in terms of their physical environments rather than their economic features (which is the more common basis of such classifications). I define a set of recognizable high-tech places: corridors, clumps, cores, comprehensive campuses, tech nology subdivisions, and scattered technology sites. I argue that there are many overlaps in design and layout with generic urban industrial and office development, and with planned new towns, university campuses, and garden suburbs. However, as this part of the economy grows, so too will the effect of such places on long-term urban sustainability and livability. It is important that planning and design for such developments consider larger effects on issues such as transportation options, energy use, housing balance, and sense of place.
College Student Access: How Articulation Agreements Support Rural Students

Students from rural areas face additional burdens, such as affordability, academic preparation, and lack of college-going resources that make seeking, enrolling, and attending college more difficult. Community colleges offer hope to achieve a college degree for many rural students, and well-developed articulation agreements can be one way of improving access for these students.
The interplay between structure, processing, and properties in organic photovoltaic devices: how to translate recent laboratory-scale developments to modules

The design of π-conjugated molecules and polymers has driven the increase in efficiency of bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices from <1% to over 12%. The pathways to generation of free charge carriers are still being uncovered. By focusing on blends of conjugated polymers with fullerenes, recent work has highlighted the impact of the design of donor–acceptor polymers on optoelectronic properties and phase-separated morphologies. This morphology of the active layer is largely controlled by processing conditions, such as use of processing additives. Developing a deep understanding of the impact of polymer chemistry and processing at the laboratory scale is key to translating the technology of organic photovoltaics from the research scale to large-area modules.
Assessing and Strengthening Evidence-Based Program Registries' Usefulness for Social Service Program Replication and Adaptation.

Background:Government and private funders increasingly require social service providers to adopt program models deemed “evidence based,” particularly as defined by evidence-based program registries, such as What Works Clearinghouse and National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices. These registries summarize the evidence about programs’ effectiveness, giving near-exclusive priority to evidence from experimental-design evaluations. The registries’ goal is to aid decision making about program replication, but critics suspect the emphasis on evidence from experimental-design evaluations, while ensuring strong internal validity, may inadvertently undermine that goal, which requires strong external validity as well.Objective:The objective of this study is to determine the extent to which the registries’ reports provide information about context-specific program implementation factors that affect program outcomes and would thus support decision making about program replication and adaptation.Method...
Interstitial-cell tumor of the testis. Tissue culture and ultrastructural studies.

A case of a functioning interstitial-cell tumor in a 12-year-old Negro boy is reported. The patient manifested precocious puberty, with signs of sexually aggressive behavior. The ultra-structural studies of the tumor showed features similar to those of the few cases previously reported in the literature. One characteristic finding was the presence of numerous membranous whorls within the cytoplasm. The cells grown in tissue culture were maintained for at least 9 weeks and were confirmed as testicular interstitial cells. Ultrastructurally they were similar to the cells in vivo , as evidenced by the finding of cytoplasmic organelles related to steroid synthesis.
Effect of Methylphenidate in ADHD with Epilepsy or with EEG Abnormalities without Seizures

The safety and efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) in the treatment of ADHD, group 1) with epilepsy and group 2) with EEG abnormalities without seizures, were determined in a study of 119 children (98 males, 21 females; ages 6 to 16 years) at Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
A Modified Single Defect Cavity Study for Coherent Coupling in Photonic Crystal VCSELs

A modified single defect cavity study was conducted to determine if a calibrated simplified model could be use to predict and subsequently design for coherent coupling in PhC VCSELs. Modeled and fabricated devices are compared.
Comparative Tests of Gentamicin Ototoxicity

Clinical experiences with the basic antibiotics during the more than 2 decades that have passed since the first clinical trial of streptomycin [1] have shown, too often only to the unclouded gaze of hindsight, that it is essential to evaluate the ototoxicity of such agents in laboratory animals before using them in man. The clinician can then be alerted to watch out for this peculiar form of toxic action in his patients. In each case he must weigh the risks of hearing impairment and vestibular dysfunction against the therapeutic advantages that he expects to gain by administering the agent. After repeated parenteral administration of streptomycin, ototoxic disturbances of vestibular function can be observed in various laboratory species ranging from mouse to monkey, but the cat, because of its exquisite sense of balance and highly developed righting reflexes, is the animal of choice for such experiments. Electronystagmograms (ENG) are easily recorded in cats during and immediately after rotation on a turntable. The optokinetic and vestibular components of nystagmus are readily separated by recording rotation with the eyes open and again with the eyes covered [2]. The ENG gives a quantitative measure of vestibular toxicity in terms of a decrease in the rate and duration of the nystagmus, but it does not show the onset of this functional
Minimal Concentrations of Aldrin, Dieldrin, and Heptachlor in Soil for Control of White-Fringed Beetles as Determined by Parallel Gas Chromatographic and Biological Assays

The minimal concentrations of aldrin, dieldrin, and heptachlor in Norfolk fine sandy loam required for control of a white-fringed beetle, Graphognathus leucoloma fecundus Buchanan, were sought to provide a sound basis for field treatments. Soil samples were treated with 7 concentrations (0.02–0.40 lb/3-in. acre) of each toxicant and bioassayed in the field with newly hatched larvae for periods of 87–93 days. These tests were paralleled by electron capture gas chromatographic analyses of similar samples, which provided information concerning the initial concentrations of the insecticides and their residues and degradation products during the bioassays, initial uniformity, and vertical distribution of the insecticides in the soil during the bioassays. Results from the bioassays were related to the chemical data to provide initial minimal LC100 values for aldrin (97 ppb), dieldrin (56 ppb), and heptachlor (ca. 46 ppb). Heptachlor was degraded to 1-hydroxychlordene (4,5,6,7,8,8-hexachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoinden-1-ol) in the insecticidal dust used for the soil treatment but further degradation after its addition to the soil was not detected. About half the heptachlor was lost during the bioassay, 1-hydroxychlordene diminished rapidly, and gamma chlordane (impurity in technical heptachlor) was more persistent than heptachlor. Small quantities of heptachlor epoxide were detected during the latter part of the bioassay. Dieldrin was very persistent, while aldrin residues diminished markedly with the formation of appreciable quantities of dieldrin. Vertical distribution of the insecticides varied widely, but the top layers of soil generally contained a lower concentration than the center or bottom layers. Gas chromatographic procedure and a chromatogram of a soil extract known to be free of chlorinated insecticides also are presented.
Computational Design of Core/Shell Nanoparticles for Oxygen Reduction Reactions.

A computational strategy to design core/shell nanoparticle catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) is proposed based on multiscale modeling. Using a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) coupling method, we have studied the ORR on Pt–Cu core/shell nanoparticles with the size ranging from 3 to 8 nm. We have calculated the oxygen adsorption energy on the nanoparticle surface (a descriptor for ORR activity) as a function of the nanoparticle size and thickness of the Pt shell. We find that the Pt–Cu core/shell nanoparticles exhibit higher ORR activities than flat Pt(111) surfaces, consistent with experimental observations. We predict that the diameter of the core/shell nanoparticles should be larger than 7 nm to reach the peak of ORR activities. By examining the effects of ligand, quantum confinement, and surface strain, we confirm that the strain plays the dominant role on ORR activities for the core/shell nanoparticles. A universal relation between the surface strain and the oxygen adsorptio...
Estimating Unattenuated Correlations With Limited Information About Selection Variables Alternatives to Case IV

Correcting attenuated correlations from selected samples is a common goal in organizational settings. Hunter and Schmidt introduced a procedure, called Case IV, for correcting correlations when a researcher has no information on the variable(s) used by an organization to form a suitability judgment. In this article, we compare Case IV to two other comparable procedures: the first correction (the expectation maximization algorithm) requires raw data about the selection variables used to form a suitability judgment. The second, the Pearson-Lawley correction, requires the variance-covariance matrix of the selection variables. We show that even when the variables used for selection are unobserved or unavailable, it is still possible to estimate parameters without making the restrictive assumptions of Case IV. In addition, these two corrections almost always outperform Case IV, particularly when the critical assumption of Case IV is violated. We also provide R code illustrating the use of these correction proc...
Outcomes of type II endoleaks after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair: a single-center, retrospective study.

Abstract Purpose This study aims to determine incidence and outcomes of type II endoleaks (T2E) after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). Methods A retrospective review of procedural angiograms, computed tomography angiography, and medical records of 202 patients who underwent EVAR with the Gore Excluder stent graft was performed to determine presence and outcomes of T2E. Results Median follow-up time for 163 patients meeting inclusion criteria [136 males (83%)] was 24.7 months (range = 0.5–85.2 months). T2E occurred in 66/163 patients (40.5%). Aneurysm sac size was unchanged in 32/66 patients (48.5%), decreased in 22/66 (33.3%), and increased in 12/66 (18.2%). No aneurysm ruptures, conversion to open repair, or aneurysm-related deaths occurred. Conclusion T2E are a common occurrence after EVAR, often with benign outcome. However, routine surveillance should be performed, particularly in patients with persistent endoleak or sac growth.
Blood Flow and Capillary Surface Area of Rat Posterior Canal Ampulla

Vascular disorders have often been proposed to explain disorders of the inner ear, in both the cochlear and vestibular systems. While the cochlea has been extensively studied, little work has been done on vestibular blood flow. Existing studies have reported only total vestibular blood flow, using microspheres. By combining the physiologic technique of microsphere injection with new developments in morphologic stereology studies, data on end-organ blood flow (excluding nerve; 0.074 +/- 0.027 microliters/min; 5.99 microliters/min/mm3), capillary surface area (10.87 mm2/mm3), mean capillary diameter (9.64 microns), and end-organ volume (0.013 mm3) was determined for the posterior canal ampulla of young Fischer 344 rats. Results indicate an anatomic basis for increases in blood flow with CO2 breathing, and provide an assessment of appropriate microsphere size for vestibular blood flow studies. By allowing comparison of blood flow and capillary parameters related to surface area and volume, this new method of blood flow study will allow more meaningful data to be collected on the vestibular system.
Performance evaluation on T91 steel of high temperature reheater after long-time service

Performance evaluation on T91 steel of high temperature reheater of No.9 boiler in Xingtai Power Plant Co.Ltd.was carried out after operating 114892.5 hours.Based on distribution of temperature,especially outer tube first loop of the high temperature reheater were sampled and analyzed by chemistry analysis,tensile test(normal and high temperature),hardness test,metallographic analysis,carbide analysis,TEM and other methods.The results show that all properties of the tube sample meet and exceed the standard,the strengthening effects of microstructures are obvious.So it allowed to continue the operation safely under the rated condition.
Test Research on Coal and Gas Outburst Hazard by Gay Classification Methods

The authors have observed the progress of deformation and destruction of coal bodies in the experiment,carried out the macroscopic and microscopic research of the destruction progress of coal samples under load by means of servo electro-hydraulic loading test and electromagnetic radiation and audio emission monitoring,analyzed the cracking rate of coal samples under different situation,investigated the formation and development of cracking by use of fracture and elasticity mechanics,and thus established a sound experimental basis for the prediction by using gray classification.
Survey of system Ability to Cope with Influenza Pandemic for Disease Control and Prevention in Anhui Province-Management and Use of Influenza Vaccine

Objective In order to understand management and use of influenza vaccine in centers for disease control and prevention in Anhui province and provide scientific evidences to work out plans to cope with influenza pandemic.Methods 96 county-level centers for disease control and prevention were surveyed by questionnaire,the database was set up by EPI data and analysed by SPSS.Results Among 96 centers for disease control and prevention,only 2(4.2%) allowed influenza vaccine into health insurance and 1(2.1%) developed relief policy of influenza vaccine.In 2008,193 984 adult vaccines and 258 199 child vaccines were vaccinated,the adult and child vaccination rates in Anhui province were 0.0030% and 0.1011% respectively.Conclusions The influenza vaccination Rates of key population in Anhui province were low and should be increased.
Myelomeningocele: Current Concepts of Management

Care of an infant with myelomeningocele may begin with prenatal diagnosis, which allows for optimal perinatal care. In the newborn period, the decision for surgical treatment of myelomeningocele must be made promptly, but only after rational discussion with, and consent by, the affected child's family. Advances in newborn care and in surgical techniques, and an improved ability to both detect and treat hydrocephalus and CSF infections, have resulted in better outcomes for these children. Recent insights into the pathogenesis of myelomeningocele suggest that prevention of most of these congenital malformations may be possible through periconceptual vitamin supplementation.
Toward a Learning Health-care System – Knowledge Delivery at the Point of Care Empowered by Big Data and NLP

The concept of optimizing health care by understanding and generating knowledge from previous evidence, ie, the Learning Health-care System (LHS), has gained momentum and now has national prominence. Meanwhile, the rapid adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) enables the data collection required to form the basis for facilitating LHS. A prerequisite for using EHR data within the LHS is an infrastructure that enables access to EHR data longitudinally for health-care analytics and real time for knowledge delivery. Additionally, significant clinical information is embedded in the free text, making natural language processing (NLP) an essential component in implementing an LHS. Herein, we share our institutional implementation of a big data-empowered clinical NLP infrastructure, which not only enables health-care analytics but also has real-time NLP processing capability. The infrastructure has been utilized for multiple institutional projects including the MayoExpertAdvisor, an individualized care recommendation solution for clinical care. We compared the advantages of big data over two other environments. Big data infrastructure significantly outperformed other infrastructure in terms of computing speed, demonstrating its value in making the LHS a possibility in the near future.
The Great Divider: Obama's Influence on Trust in Government and Racial Attitudes

Since the 2008 Presidential election, a number of studies have surfaced asserting that the election of Barack Obama ignited stronger levels of racial resentment than in previous presidential elections. These studies suggest that opposition to Barack Obama and his policies are functions of racially resentful attitudes. Others have argued that whites opposition to Barack Obama has nothing to do with race and that race is no longer prevalent in biracial elections. Employing data from the American National Election Study data from 2004, 2008, and 2012, this chapter examines the effect of race on political attitudes, specifically trust in government and racial resentment in the 2004, 2008, and 2012 Presidential Elections. The implications of this study suggest that race did in fact impact respondents’ trust in the government and their propensity to show signs of racial resentment in 2008 and 2012. The findings of this analysis suggest that the presence of an African American president has activated stronger attitudes among Whites and has eroded trust in government between both Black and Whites.
Cost and Thermal Analysis of High-Performance 2.5D and 3D Integrated Circuit Design Space

3D Integration is a promising technology to continue the trend of Moore's law. However, higher density from die stacking introduces thermal challenges that require more expensive packaging and cooling solutions. An alternative integration technology is interposer-based 2.5D design, which has fewer thermal issues but adds extra interposer cost. Designers must be aware of the system-level cost benefits of these choices early in the design process. This paper presents a cost analysis model with wafer costs, 3D bonding costs, and thermal modeling for the optimization of package and cooling costs. The cost model is used to explore the design space of integrated circuits to determine cost-driven enabling points of 2.5D and 3D integration under consideration of design size and power density. Our results suggest that proper use of die-integration technologies can realize substantial cost savings over traditional 2D design, even with the inclusion of packaging and cooling costs. When thermal properties are considered, interposer-based 2.5D integration is predicted to be more cost effective than TSV-based 3D integration, especially when power density is high.
The Hermeneutics of Theological Interpretation: Holy Scripture, Biblical Scholarship and Historical Criticism

This article seeks to clarify the disagreement between theological interpretation of Scripture and academic biblical scholarship that is governed by the historical-critical method. First, it sets forth four basic convictions of theological interpretation, that is, presuppositions about the text's relationship to God and church that are crucial for fruitful Christian exegesis of the Bible. Second, it discusses the hermeneutical implications that follow, with particular reference to divine authorship and spiritual interpretation. Third, it criticizes the methodological assumptions and totalizing claims of historical criticism as ultimately inimical to the kind of scriptural reading practices necessary for the church's faith and theology.
Species, dose and energy dependence of implant induced transient enhanced diffusion

Special test structures which separate implant damage from a buried monitor boron layer were used to observe the transient diffusion associated with implant annealing. The large anomalous diffusion length is independent of implant species but strongly dependent on implant energy. This is modeled by enhanced Frenkel pair recombination along dense cascade damage tracks associated with heavier ions. The enhancement in the buried layer diffusion also depends on the concentration of the buried layer, even below the intrinsic electron concentration. We propose that boron clusters formed by high populations of mobile boron are necessary in order to model transient diffusion effects. >
As-Grown Versus Ion-Milled MgB 2 Ultrathin Films for THz Sensor Applications

The exploration of superconductivity in ultrathin films has attracted much attention in the past decades for device applications such as hot electron bolometers (HEBs) and superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). With a superconducting critical temperature ( Tc ) of 39 K, which is far above that of other conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superconductors, and its faster thermal response, ultrathin MgB 2 films present a promising alternative for the use in HEBs and SSNPDs. In this paper, we present the results on ultrathin MgB2 films grown by hybrid physical–chemical vapor deposition. The films less than 10 nm are difficult to achieve directly because of weak grain connectivity due to incomplete film coverage. To achieve high-quality films less than 10-nm Ar ion milling of thicker films was employed. The ultrathin films fabricated by ion milling show superior quality over as-grown films. The surface roughness of the films was significantly improved and the suppression of Tc from the bulk value is much slower in milled films than in as-grown films. The critical current density of the 5-nm milled film is 1 × 107 A·cm-2 at 4 K, which is the same as that of the 10-nm as-grown film.
The Clifford Algebra in the Theory of Algebras, Quadratic Forms, and Classical Groups

This article is an expanded version of my plenary lecture for the conference. It was the aim of the lecture to introduce the participants of the conference—their diverse realms of expertise ranged from theoretical physics, to computer science, to pure mathematics—to the algebraic matters of the title above. The basic texts listed in the references—note that this listing is by no means complete—serve as illustration of the rich and persistent interest in these topics and provide a reader with an opportunity to explore them in detail.
Fixating on and Fixing the African American Woman's Representation of Self in Modern Periodicals

"In 1919, Margaret Sanger...edited a special issue of The Birth Control Review in order to address reproductive politics in the context of the African American population. Sanger’s periodical featured two reproductive-rights texts by African American women playwrights: the drama They That Sit in Darkness by Mary P. Burrill and the short story The Closing Door by Angelina Grimke.... [These texts] re-created and reinstated the neglected African American woman and mother on stage and set up African American maternity as a controversial site from which to debate reproductive rights and women’s rights in general. More importantly, publishing these dramas in Sanger’s periodical gave these two women playwrights an opportunity to access and define a ground-breaking public and cultural space more attuned to African American women’s voices."