cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sport Psychology Training in Counseling Psychology Programs: Is There Room at the Inn?.

To find out how sport psychology training may fit within counseling psychology programs, we surveyed the 61 APA-accredited counseling psychology programs about this issue; 53 (86.9%) of the program directors responded to our survey questionnaire. The results indicated that (a) the majority of the counseling programs (66.7%) currently had students who were viewed as being interested in sport psychology, (b) counseling faculty were perceived to be receptive to their colleagues and graduate students having interests and pursuing research in sport psychology, and (c) most program directors (64.7%) thought the best sport psychology training could be provided through an interdisciplinary program of study. Training implications are presented.
Thermoregulation in Small Flies (Syrphus Sp.): Basking and Shivering

1. Flies of the genus Syrphus aggregated at specific sites in the field (‘lecks’). Flies at leeks were always capable of ‘instant’ take-of, even at ambient temperatures of 10 °C or less. 2. The flies regulated their thoracic temperature by a combination of basking and shivering. During hovering flight in sunshine thoracic temperature rose 12–14 °C above the ambient temperature. 3. The flies engaged in frequent brief chases while at the lecks. 4. At an air temperature > 18 °C the flies at the leck remained in hovering flight most of the time. 5. The vibration frequencies of the thorax during shivering and flight ranged from about 100 to 200 Hz at 10–27 °C, though at a given temperature and spike frequency the vibration rate during warm-up was higher than the wing-beat frequency (assumed to be the same as thoracic vibration frequency) during flight. 6. During shivering, but not in flight, there is a tendency for the indirect flight muscles to be activated in synchrony.
An E-box within the MHC IIB gene is bound by MyoD and is required for gene expression in fast muscle.

The myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIB gene is selectively expressed in skeletal muscles, imparting fast contractile kinetics. Why the MHC IIB gene product is expressed in muscles like the tibialis anter...
Obstacles and social planning

70 Social planners spend too much time planning and not enough taking action. The need today is for action platforms and ac tive planning. That, at any rate, is what many critics are saying. This report, on a study of how and why social planners be have as they do, is no action paper, but if it can prompt social planners to think about what they are doing, it may have the effect of producing better action. In one respect, action is not a problem. When funds are allocated to a sector of so cial welfare, action occurs. The basic de terminants of resource allocations are politi cal and social rather than rational, and that is probably the way it should be. Only when it comes to turning the money into program should the paramount considera tions be rational ones. Yet as soon as ac
Thermodynamic Properties of trans-1-Chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R1233zd(E)): Vapor Pressure, (p, ρ, T) Behavior, and Speed of Sound Measurements, and Equation of State

We present experimental measurements of the density, speed of sound, and vapor pressure of trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, which is also known as R1233zd(E). Densities were measured over the temperature range from (215 to 444) K, with pressures from (0.3 to 24.1) MPa. Sound speed data were measured at temperatures between (290 and 420) K, with pressures from (0.07 to 2.1) MPa. Vapor pressures span the temperature range from (280 to 438) K. The experimental data cover the saturation curve, the vapor and liquid phases, and also the vicinity of the critical point. Densities and vapor pressures were measured in a two-sinker densimeter with a magnetic suspension coupling. Sound speed data were measured with a spherical acoustic resonator. An equation of state written in terms of the Helmholtz energy was developed; it represents the present experimental data with relative root-mean-square deviations of 0.020 % for densities, 0.223 % for vapor pressures, and 0.131 % for speeds of sound.
USING SOLAR RADIATION PRESSURE TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF MAGNETOSPHERIC SCIENCE MISSIONS

Spacecraft missions are currently being planned by NASA to perform in situ measurements of the magnetosphere of the Earth. Such projects, for instance the Magnetospheric Multiscale and Magnetospheric Constellation missions, will make use of spacecraft in highly eccentric orbits to make measurements of the outer regions of the magnetotail when the spacecraft are in the vicinity of their apogees. However, since the magnetotail is swept in the down-Sun direction by the solar wind, and the spacecraft apogees are approximately inertially fixed, spacecraft apogee passes through the magnetotail will only occur roughly annually. A spacecraft could in principle be equipped with a large solar sail and use it to precess the orbit so as to keep it aligned with the Sun line, so giving rise to continuous apogee passes through the tail; however, the sail area required would be significant. This paper will investigate the potential use of smaller solar sails to slowly precess the spacecraft orbits in the direction opposite to the apparent rotation of the Sun line, so giving distinct tail passes, but at an increased frequency. A relatively small sail of this kind could therefore be used either to increase the number of tail passes in a given mission duration, or to reduce the duration required for a given number of passes. This problem will be analyzed, and the required sail area given as a function of the desired magnetotail pass frequency.
Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Oligothiophenes for Field-Effect Transistors and Solar Cells

An amphiphilic diketopyrrolopyrrole-based oligothiophene (DPPamphi) has been prepared that displays robust self-assembly behavior in the bulk, in solution, and on surfaces. The material has been used as the active component in organic field-effect transistors and molecular bulk-heterojunction solar cells.
WHEN IS THE WILL FREE

There is, it seems to me, something that might be called an "orthodox" or "classical" tradition in the history of thinking about the problem of free will and determinism. This tradition, as I see it, descends from Hobbes through Locke and Hume and Mill to the present day. I say "it seems to me" and "as I see it" because I am no historian and I freely grant that what appears to my untutored mind to be "the classical tradition" in the debate about free will and determinism may be an artifact of certain historians-or even of the editors of certain anthologies. (And, of course, in identifying this tradition as "classical," I exhibit the Anglo-Saxon bias that my education was designed to inculcate: Bergson, Heidegger, and Sartre are not going to appear in my list of the members of anything called "the classical tradition.") However this may be, I speak as a member of this tradition, and I want to begin by describing its presuppositions-my presuppositions. According to "the classical tradition," the history of the problem of free will and determinism is, primarily, the story of a debate between two schools of philosophers, the "compatibilists" and the "incompatibilists"; that is between those who hold that free will is compatible with determinism and those who hold that free will is incompatible with determinism. Now I am going to have almost nothing to say about determinism in this paper. In fact, I am not going to talk about the problem of free will and determinism-or not directly about it. I begin with a brief characterization of the history of this problem because, while the paper is not about the problem of free
Direct Concentration Measurement of Hydrogen Electromigration Using Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Lateral concentration profiles of hydrogen ( 1 H) have been measured using nuclear recoil analysis on electrolytically charged metal (V, Nb, Ta) foils subjected to current densities of order 10 3 amps/cm 2 for various times in order to study the electromigration of hydrogen. Initially uniformly loaded foils exhibited a dramatic redistribution of the hydrogen. Numerical analysis of these data using the conventional solution of the electromigration equation is used to extract the hydrogen effective charge (Z*) from the steady state data and the diffusion coefficient from the time-dependent data. The nuclear technique permits rapid and accurate direct concentration measurements capable of distinguishing surface and subsurface transport.
The high-pressure phase stability of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a widely used explosive that is relatively insensitive to initiation by shock loading. While the detonation properties of TNT have been extensively reported, the high pressure-temperature (P-T) stability of TNT has not been investigated in detail. At ambient conditions, TNT crystallizes in a monoclinic lattice (space group P21/a), and our previous X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements at room temperature suggested a phase transition to orthorhombic (space group Pca21) at ~20 GPa. In this work, we have performed in-situ synchrotron XRD and vibrational spectroscopy measurements along the room temperature isotherm to investigate phase stabilities up to 18 GPa. While our Raman spectroscopy measurements indicate spectral changes at ~2 GPa, careful XRD measurements reveal that the monoclinic phase persists up to 10 GPa.
A Comparative Study of Flow Induction by Pressure Exchange

*† Energy and momentum exchange between two fluids at different energy levels can be realized by the flow induction process which can occur mainly through mixing or pressure exchange. The current paper will explore flow induction by pressure exchange from the early wave rotor to the recently invented supersonic pressure exchange ejector. The fundamental mechanism of pressure exchange will be discussed by theoretical computational analysis. The novel supersonic pressure exchange ejector will be introduced and the parameters concerning its performance will be also included from the computational and experimental sides.
Cancer Stem Cell and Gastrointestinal Cancer: Current Status, Targeted Therapy and Future Implications

The cancer stem cells (CSCs) are biologically distinct subset of rare cancer cells with inherent ability of self-renewal, de-differentiation, and capacity to initiate and maintain malignant tumor growth. Studies have further reported that CSCs prime cancer recurrence and therapy resistance. Therefore, targeting CSCs to inhibit cancer progression has become an attractive anti-cancer therapeutical strategy. Recent technical advances have provided a greater appreciation of the multistep nature of the oncogenesis and also clarified that CSC concept is not universally applicable. Irrespective, the role of the CSCs in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, responsible for the most cancer-associated death, has been widely accepted and appreciated. However, despite the tremendous progress made in the last decade in developing markers to identify CSCs, and assays to assess tumorigenic function of CSCs, it remains an area of active investigation. In current article, we review findings related to the role and identification of CSCs in GI-cancers and discuss the crucial pathways involved in regulating CSCs populations’ development and drug resistance, and use of the tumoroid culture to test novel CSCs-targeted cancer therapies.
Breeding and Application of High Quality and High Combining Ability Glutinous Sorghum Sterile Line 45A

Starting from introducing the breeding process and characteristics of high quality and combining ability glutinous sorghum sterile line 45 A, the application in breeding and the application prospect and production were discussed. The results would provide guidance for the sorghum variety selection.
Does Delivery Format Make a Difference in Learning About Global and Cultural Understanding

ABSTRACTThis study assessed a learning outcome for nontraditional seniors who were in accelerated degree programs in both online and on-site formats. Using items from the National Survey of Student Engagement, researchers explored engagement with global understanding and cultural awareness. A quantitative, single-case analysis method was used to determine significance with the items. Results indicated 50% of the items were significant, and for all of the significant items, means were higher for the on-site senior group. Implications are explored, including pedagogical ideas for online programs in teaching global and cultural themes.
Relationship between Civil Administration and Social Work

Begining with the relationship between social work and civil administration,this article tells the differences and connection.Then,based on our current situation and social work development,social work in China should be built into China's civil affairs department's important part.This is consistent with China's actual conditions,but also feasible to some extent,the development of both sides can play a complementary,mutually reinforcing role.
The Biology and Husbandry of the African Spiny Mouse (Acomys cahirinus) and the Research Uses of a Laboratory Colony

African spiny mice (Acomys spp.) are unique precocial rodents that are found in Africa, the Middle East, and southern Asia. They exhibit several interesting life-history characteristics, including precocial development, communal breeding, and a suite of physiologic adaptations to desert life. In addition to these characteristics, African spiny mice are emerging as an important animal model for tissue regeneration research. Furthermore, their important phylogenetic position among murid rodents makes them an interesting model for evolution and development studies. Here we outline the necessary components for maintaining a successful captive breeding colony, including laboratory housing, husbandry, and health monitoring aspects. We also review past and present studies focused on spiny mouse behavior, reproduction, and disease. Last, we briefly summarize various current biomedical research directions using captive-bred spiny mice.
The effect of diphenylhydantoin on the electroretinogram of rabbits I. Effect of concentration

The effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) on in vitro rabbit retinas were studied. DPH, 10- 3 M., inhibited the appearance of the P II (b-wave) and the P HI component of the electroretinogram (ERG), while 10-* M. DPH increased the P II and P III amplitudes. DPH of 10- e M. or lower concentrations did not affect the ERG. The DPH response was the same whether perfusion was from the receptor cell side or ganglion cell side. The effect of DPH was transient, except for the prolongation of the P II implicit time, and the effect was reversible.
In Situ Density Modification of Entrapped Dense Nonaqueous-Phase Liquids (DNAPLs) using Surfactant/Alcohol Solutions

Proposed surfactant-based remediation techniques have the potential to be very effective at removing dense nonaqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs) from contaminated sites. However, a risk associated with surfactant-based remediation of DNAPLs is the potential for unwanted downward mobilization of DNAPL contaminants, making them more difficult to remove from the subsurface. One approach that has recently been proposed to reduce this risk is to use hydrophobic alcohol solutions to reduce the densities of entrapped DNAPLs, converting them to light nonaqueous-phase liquids (LNAPLs). The work described here examines the use of surfactant/alcohol solutions to reduce the densities of DNAPLs prior to mobilization. Results indicate that surfactant selection can have a dramatic influence on rates of alcohol partitioning and associated density reduction, but that interfacial tension reduction is a potential source of difficulties for some systems.
Possible Racial Futures

The preceding chapters have addressed the question whether American society has become post-racial. This is an important question because the country’s racial history has undermined the claims it has made about itself. By this I mean that the United States has seen itself as an open, democratic society in which hard work can bring a comfortable life and the promise of such a life for one’s children. This is the American dream. Conceptually speaking, race is external to this dream because the principle that rewards should be unequally distributed according to phenotype is an exclusive one. The American dream, on the other hand, is meant to be inclusive. In reality, racial exclusivity has often trumped democracy, thereby — though, sometimes, with difficulty — shaping the American dream around white Americans, while excluding minorities.
Forensic Handling of Biological Threat Samples in the Lab

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews issues dealing with the handling of biological threat samples within the laboratory. This subject becomes paramount when forensic issues; such as the collection, handling, transporting, stabilizing, extracting, analyzing, securing, archiving, and disposing off of samples is concerned, and the presentation of manipulated data in a court of law is also questioned… Issues that influence a laboratory's implementation of an operational strategy for sample handling that will withstand political, scientific, and legal scrutiny in a court of law are also focused upon. Many of these issues were identified as a result of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases' (USAMRIID) experience with numerous biological threat samples, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), prosecuting and defense attorneys, and with quality systems. For the examination of samples, development and implementation of a test plan encompass three principles: (1) State what actions will be performed, (2) perform the stated actions, and (3) document the actions as performed along with any deviations from the test plan. In laboratories where analyses of certain sample types have become routine, test plans may merely follow a series of well-established or validated Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). However, attempts to implement an operational strategy with such stringent SOPs can be a daunting task for the vast myriad of biological threat agents, types of matrices, assay inhibitors, stabilization requirements, variations in concentration, etc. Therefore, flexibility is required in the initial phases of a test plan to allow modification of the operational strategy and SOPs to accommodate variations.
The Substrate for Biological Information Processing

Much of the research on information processing in biological systems, and more generally in the living state, has focused on computer and mathematical models. Other research has considered the biophysics and biochemistry of gene transcription, structure formation, and general molecular pattern recognition. Conrad and Kampfner’s 1,2 double dynamics has been a notable exception in seeking to describe the consequences of the combination of internal and external dynamics in neural function. The purpose of this paper is to describe a general substrate for biological information processing also involving two types of dynamics, discrete and continuous. In particular, the living state uses discrete dynamics for long-term information storage and transmission, avoiding problems of degradation and dissipation. Continuous dynamics is used as a setting for the evolution of structure, yielding robust, rapid solutions to computationally complex problems. The two dynamics interact in a way similar to double dynamics.
Intravenous Immune Globulin Stewardship Program at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center

Background: In October 2010, a pharmacist-driven stewardship program was implemented at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital to ensure continued adherence to the prescribing guideline, focusing on indications for intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) use and dosing per ideal body weight. Objective: The primary objective was to describe an IVIG stewardship program at a tertiary academic medical center. Methods: This was a prospective, observational study from January 2013 through December 2014. All patients ordered to receive IVIG during the defined study period were included. The intervention assessed describes a pharmacist-driven IVIG stewardship program for medication approval. The primary end point was guideline compliance based on indication, dose, dosing weight, and frequency. Secondary end points included the number of patients receiving IVIG, indications, orders discontinued as a result of guideline nonadherence, and total amount dispensed. Results: A total of 418 patients were identified during the study...
A New Mechanism of Heavy Ion Induced Upset in SOI SRAMs

SRIM simulations have shown that Si recoils are created when heavy ions pass through the Si layer. The estimated heavy ion upset cross section based on a "double-hit" due to such Si recoils is in agreement with test results for a 150nm SOI SRAM test chip
Recent advances in CKD and ESRD: A literature update

The past year has seen interesting publications in the fields of chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. This review highlights some of these important papers and places their findings in the context of clinical care.
Leveraging a Hybrid Workforce for Service Delivery

A variety of business processes are increasingly being delivered as IT-enabled services (Bughin et al., 2013), often using cloud computing infrastructures. Examples of such services include technology services such as security and business services such as customer service, high quality customer service is extremely important in all these settings. Providing some of these services requires a skilled (knowledge-intensive) workforce. In the past, organizations providing such services had to rely on in-house workers to provide high quality service. However, technology is facilitating innovative work arrangements using an on-demand (OD) workforce (The Economist, 2015). There is recognition that hybrid workforces are likely to be “the new normal” (Kasriel, 2015). Hence, organizations today and in the future can explore work arrangements that benefit from using a hybrid workforce that consists of full-time and OD workers. This research explores such innovative hybrid work environments.We examine the operation of hybrid workforces in the context of knowledge intensive service environments that are characterized by a workforce with competencies in multiple skills, tasks that could require multiple skills, and significant variance in worker competence (Dong et al., 2012).
Genetic Syndromes Affecting Kidney Development

Renal anomalies are common birth defects that may manifest as a wide spectrum of anomalies from hydronephrosis (dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces) to renal aplasia (complete absence of the kidney(s)). Aneuploidies and mosaicisms are the most common syndromes associated with CAKUT. Syndromes with single gene and renal developmental defects are less common but have facilitated insight into the mechanism of renal and other organ development. Analysis of underlying genetic mutations with transgenic and mutant mice has also led to advances in our understanding of mechanisms of renal development.
Design of a Marine Debris Removal System

The amount of human generated debris entering the oceans was recorded at eight billion kilograms (kg) in 2010, and has been rising exponentially by 10% each year. The most common pollutant is plastic which composes about 80% of the debris. Plastic takes approximately 500 years to decompose, and in that time, it is harming wildlife while collecting in the ocean's circular currents called gyres. The Subtropical Convergence Zone, stretching between California and China, contains the largest of the five major gyres, the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, which is located between California and Hawaii. The estimated cost of environmental damage from human generated debris is about three billion dollars. Seven design alternatives are evaluated: autonomous vacuum (AV), vessel with nets (VN), barge with unmanned aerial vehicles (B-UAV), artificial floating island (AFI), artificial floating island with sail (AFI-S), artificial floating island with motor (AFI-M), and barge with autonomous surface vehicles (B-ASV). Using a multi-attribute utility function, the best alternative was determined per weights associated with performance, technology readiness level (TRL), and risk. The design alternatives are ranked as follows: AV at 8.461, AFI-M at 7.188, AFI-S at 6.849, B-UAV at 6.571, AFI at 6.221, VN at 4.288, and B-ASV at 2.287. The weight that significantly changes the value of the design alternatives is performance. With a change in the weighs, the optimal solution changes from the AV to the AFI-M. The most viable option is the AV; one AV would clean up the Subtropical Convergence Zone in approximately 5700 years while 5700 AVs would clean up the debris in one year.
GeoBoost: accelerating research involving the geospatial metadata of virus GenBank records.

Summary GeoBoost is a command-line software package developed to address sparse or incomplete metadata in GenBank sequence records that relate to the location of the infected host (LOIH) of viruses. Given a set of GenBank accession numbers corresponding to virus GenBank records, GeoBoost extracts, integrates and normalizes geographic information reflecting the LOIH of the viruses using integrated information from GenBank metadata and related full-text publications. In addition, to facilitate probabilistic geospatial modeling, GeoBoost assigns probability scores for each possible LOIH. Availability and implementation Binaries and resources required for running GeoBoost are packed into a single zipped file and freely available for download at https://tinyurl.com/geoboost. A video tutorial is included to help users quickly and easily install and run the software. The software is implemented in Java 1.8, and supported on MS Windows and Linux platforms. Contact gragon@upenn.edu. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An Empirical Study of the Posturing-Implementation Gap in Quality Management

Existing studies show that top management commitment to quality is a major factor in determining the success of a company's quality management program. Many of these studies measure the commitment ...
Aggregate learning in networks of strategic agents

We study the quality of aggregate learning in a networked dynamic quadratic game of incomplete information. We consider an ongoing generation of agents, where in each generation agents have access to a public history of noisy aggregate actions in previous generations. Each agent also receives a private noisy signal about the state in the current generation. We quantify the quality of aggregate learning as the asymptotic precision of the publicly learned signal about the current state, and study how the interactions among the agents affect the quality of aggregate learning. By characterizing the precision of aggregate learning for slow walks, we show the inefficiency of learning from history: while for a static state public history fully reveals the state, a small perturbation in the state from generation to generation significantly degrades the quality of aggregate learning. As for the effect of the interaction structure, we show that the quality of aggregate learning for slow walks is mainly determined by the local structure of the graph: the denser the locality, the higher the quality of information aggregation. For fast dynamics, the quality of aggregate learning is positively affected by the average Bonacich centrality, and is negatively affected by its variance.
The Biochemistry of Bone

The study of mineralized tissues has witnessed unprecedented advances as a result of recent technical breakthroughs in protein chemistry, and cell and molecular biology. Procedures for the nondegradative extraction of proteins present in mineralized matrices, along with improved chromatographic techniques, have resulted in the identification and purification of most, if not all, of the major structural proteins as well as less abundant (growth factors) proteins in these tissues. Many antibodies have become available against the intact proteins, as well as against synthetic peptides of the amino acid sequence from different parts of molecules. Along with mRNA determinations by in situ hybridization, these have been instrumental in determining when and where a matrix constituent is present in bone. Development of cell culture methods that maintain phenotypic expression has provided experimental systems to study the synthesis, secretion, and deposition of matrix, and the regulation of these processes. These model systems also have served as a source of genetic material for the making of cDNA libraries, which have been used for isolation of cDNA probes and ultimately for the isolation and characterization of the genes. By using these techniques, it is now feasible to develop procedures for the assessment of the role of matrix proteins in mineralized tissue, which will most certainly provide information that is critical to our understanding of bone metabolism in health and disease.
STATISTICAL INFERENCE FOR RANDOM PARAMETER MARKOV POPULATION PROCESS MODELS

Publisher Summary This chapter presents a natural generalization and a statistical analysis for a general and important class of stochastic processes, simple Markov population processes (SMPP). This class of processes is broad enough to encompass simple queues and complex networks, repair models, manpower models, labor mobility, and migration phenomena. The chapter focuses on the statistical inferences associated with random parameter versions of the SMPP. It also discusses the problem of process parameter estimation by characterizing the between variability component with the aid of parametric super-populations. The familiar linear shrinkage effects often encountered in Bayes analyses using priors of conjugate form are interestingly modulated when longer-tailed, discrepancy-tolerant priors or super-populations are introduced.
Mixture-Model Cluster Analysis Using Model Selection Criteria and a New Informational Measure of Complexity

Analysis of clusters by means of mixture distribution, called mixture-model cluster analysis, has been one of the most difficult problems in statistics. But theoretical work, coupled with the development of new computational tools in the past ten years, has been made it possible to overcome some of the intractable technical and numerical issues that have limited the widespread applicability of mixture-model cluster analysis to complex real-word problems. The development of new objective analysis techniques had to wait the emergence of information-based model selection procedure to overcome difficulties with cinventional techniques within the context of the mixture-model cluster analysis. See, e.g., Bozdogan (1992), Windham and Cutler (1993) (in this volume)
Vector Analysing Powers for the (d,α) Reaction on 14N, 16O and 28Si

Cross section and vector analysing power (VAP) distributions have been measured over an extended angular range for the three lowest-lying states of 12C in the 14N(d,α) 12C reaction at 15 MeV, for two low-lying states of 14N populated in the 16O (d,α) 14N reaction at 16 MeV and for six particle groups populated in the 28Si(d,α) 26A1 reaction at 16 MeV. The measurements were made to investigate deuteron-cluster pickup in the reaction and to determine whether the VAP distributions carry information concerning the value of the total angular momentum transfer. There have been few previous studies of the VAP for (d,α) reactions.
A critical assessment of the parabolized stability equations

The parabolized stability equations (PSE) are a ubiquitous tool for studying the stability and evolution of disturbances in weakly nonparallel, convectively unstable flows. The PSE method was introduced as an alternative to asymptotic approaches to these problems. More recently, PSE has been applied with mixed results to a more diverse set of problems, often involving flows with multiple relevant instability modes. This paper investigates the limits of validity of PSE via a spectral analysis of the PSE operator. We show that PSE is capable of accurately capturing only disturbances with a single wavelength at each frequency and that other disturbances are not necessarily damped away or properly evolved, as often assumed. This limitation is the result of regularization techniques that are required to suppress instabilities arising from the ill-posedness of treating a boundary value problem as an initial value problem. These findings are valid for both incompressible and compressible formulations of PSE and are particularly relevant for applications involving multiple modes with different wavelengths and growth rates, such as problems involving multiple instability mechanisms, transient growth, and acoustics. Our theoretical results are illustrated using a generic problem from acoustics and a dual-stream jet, and the PSE solutions are compared to both global solutions of the linearized Navier–Stokes equations and a recently developed alternative parabolization.
Poly[di­aqua­[μ4-2-(carboxyl­atometh­oxy)benzoato][μ2-2-(carboxyl­atometh­oxy)benzoato]dicad­mium(II)]

In the title compound, [Cd2(C9H6O5)2(H2O)2]n, the crystallographically distinct CdII cations are coordinated in penta­gonal–bipyramidal and octa­hedral fashions. The 2-(carb­oxy­meth­oxy)benzoate (cmb) ligands connect the Cd atoms into [Cd2(cmb)2(H2O)2)]n coordination polymer ribbons that are oriented along the a-axis direction. Supra­molecular layers are formed parallel to (01\overline{1}) by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonding between the ribbons. The supra­molecular three-dimensional crystal structure of the title compound is then constructed by π–π stacking inter­actions with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.622 (2) A between cmb ligands in adjacent layer motifs.
On super totient numbers and super totient labelings of graphs

Abstract A positive integer n is a super totient number if the set of positive integers less than n and relatively prime to n can be partitioned into two sets of equal sum. In this article, we give a complete classification of super totient numbers. We also utilize super totient numbers to consider graph labelings. Let G be a graph with vertex set V and edge set E . For every injective vertex labeling f : V → N , define f ∗ : E → N and f + : E → N such that f ∗ ( u v ) = f ( u ) f ( v ) and f + ( u v ) = f ( u ) + f ( v ) . We say f is a super totient labeling if f ∗ ( u v ) is a super totient number for every u v ∈ E . Moreover, if the range of a super totient labeling f is { 1 , 2 , … , | V | } , then f is said to be a restricted super totient labeling. The concept of super totient numbers was first introduced in 2017 by Mahmood and Ali, and they showed that every graph admits a super totient labeling. We classify all restricted super totient complete bipartite graphs, trees, wheel graphs, and friendship graphs. Furthermore, we introduce the sum index of a graph G , which is the minimum positive integer k such that there exists an injective vertex labeling f of G with the cardinality of the range of f + being k . We show that the sum index is related to the concept of super totient labelings, and we determine the sum index of complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, and certain families of trees such as caterpillar graphs.
Adolescent Social Goal Development: Mean-Level Changes and Prediction by Self-Esteem and Narcissism.

We examined mean-level social goal development among peers during middle school, and self-esteem and narcissism as predictors of trait-like goal orientations across time. Survey data were collected...
Promising predictors of checkpoint inhibitor response in NSCLC.

The development of immune-checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) axis has transformed the treatment paradigm in non-small-cell lung cancer, bringing ab...
Applications of Utility Functions to Modeling of Expectations Are Non-Robust, Are ‘Out of Whack’

This research note provides clear, unambiguous rationalization for the normative that applications of utility functions to modeling of expectations are non-robust, are, in relation to best practice, out of whack. With this inference in tow, all formal theoretical studies that apply utility functions to modeling of any of Game Theoretic Interactions (GTIs), General Equilibriums (GEs) - as distinct from models of General Disequilibrium - or Rational Expectations Equilibriums (REEs), all of which are exercises in modeling of expectations, are non-robust, as such out of whack with best practice. With allusions to successful implementations in context of markets for managed funds, markets for IPOs, modeling of preferences, and labor markets in tow, the note provides an introduction to effectiveness of probability measures as robust alternatives for modeling of expectations.
High Performance C-Band InAs/InP QD Mode-locked Lasers for Tbit/s Optical Coherent Communication Applications

We present an overview of material, fabrication, packaging and performance of the InAs/InP QD mode-locked laser technology developed at NRC. Tbit/s transmission capacity in the PAM-4 and 16-QAM modulation formats are demonstrated.
Association of Self-Reported Depression and Anger with Law Enforcement Officers' Physical Abuse of Black Men in 4 Georgia Counties, 2011.

Abstract Introduction The association between the behavioral affect of black men and law enforcement officers’ physical abuse of those men is not well-understood. This analysis measures the association between self-reported negative affect behavior (anger or depression) by the men and physical abuse by law enforcement officers, controlling for demographic and behavioral attributes. Methods A single point-in-time cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2011 through random-digit telephone dialing among a sample of English-speaking black men aged 18-65 years in 4 Georgia (USA) counties. Associations among the outcomes, self-reported history of physical abuse by law enforcement officers, and the predictor variables of interest (self-reported anger or depression) was conducted through multivariable logistic regression. Other independent variables of interest measured were age; country of origin; parental country of origin; education; income; employment status; previous residency in a juvenile, jail, or prison facility; coping styles; and self-reported gender role and racism stress levels. Results Of the 633 survey participants who had interacted with law enforcement officers within the past 5 years, 129 (20.4%) reported physical abuse by law enforcement officers. Three factors had statistically significant, independent associations with reported law enforcement officer physical abuse: high levels of depression stratified by often or sometimes coping with stress through anger (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-16.9), previous residency in a jail or prison (aOR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.8-3.1), and higher levels of exposure to racism (aOR [high levels of racism] = 15.0; 95% CI: 6.7-33.7 and aOR [medium levels of racism] = 6.5; 95% CI: 3.4-12.3). Conclusion Cohort studies are needed to determine if a black man's negative coping style, history of incarceration or exposure to racism is causally related to his history of physical abuse by a law enforcement officer.
Multi-internal standard calibration applied to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.

Abstract Several species are simultaneously used for internal standardization to improve accuracy in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). In multi-internal standard calibration (MISC), signal ratios between the analyte and each of several internal standard species are used for calibration. A single calibration solution is required, and the MISC graph is built with intensity ratios calculated with analytical signals recorded for the sample (IA,sam) on the y-axis, while those recorded for the calibration standard (IA,std) are plot on the x-axis (i.e. IA,sam/IIS(i) vs. IA,std/IIS(i), where IIS(i) represents the signal intensity for a given internal standard species). Nine analytes (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb and Zn), and two sets of internal standard species (i.e. Bi, Ge, In, Rh, Sc, Te, Tl and Y in solution, or eighteen emission lines from plasma naturally occurring Ar) were evaluated in this proof-of-concept study. The MISC method's efficiency was evaluated by analyte addition and recovery experiments and by analyzing two certified reference materials. Figures of merit for MISC (limit of detection, repeatability and trueness) were comparable to those obtained for the traditional external standard calibration (EC) and internal standard (IS) methods. Different from IS, MISC requires no time-consuming study to identify an ideal internal standard species, and signal biases are minimized by an averaged, more encompassing internal standardization effect.
Using Korean: A Guide to Contemporary Usage

This is a guide to Korean language usage for students who have already acquired the basics of the language and wish to extend their knowledge and organise accumulated bits of information into a comprehensive picture. It is designed to promote the fluency and accuracy vital to effective communication, provides excellent coverage of proverbs, idioms, and sound symbolism, is tailored to the needs of the English-speaking user, and will be invaluable to anyone requiring up-to-date guidance on points of grammar and vocabulary. Unlike conventional grammars, it highlights those areas of vocabulary and grammar which cause most difficulty to English speakers. Special attention is given throughout the book to the appropriateness of different language styles in various situational contexts. Clear, readable, and easy to consult, it is essential for all those who wish to take their Korean beyond the beginner's level.
Diel and spatial fluctuations of sulfur transformations

Marine microbial mats often develop under conditions, where diel extremes in oxygen and sulfide are found (Fig 1), which are a result of the fluctuation of incident light. During the dark period, when photosynthesis ceases, free sulfide can reach the surface of the sediment, while during the light period super-saturating oxygen concentrations prevail at the same depth horizon. As a result of changing gradients of O2 and sulfide concentration, the flux of these compounds displays a diel pattern as well (Fig 2).
Genetic Association Study of Cognitive Performance (I10-1A)

OBJECTIVE: In a prospective cohort of 704 Hispanics, we sought to investigate the association between 13 candidate genes and cognitive performance. BACKGROUND: Focusing on individuals of Western European origin, previous genetic studies have demonstrated that cognition is highly heritable and impacted by many genes. DESIGN/METHODS: The Northern Manhattan Study contains a subgroup of 704 stroke-free Hispanics (mean age 69), who were genotyped using the AffyMetrix Genome-Wide Human single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Array 6.0. Participants underwent a baseline neuropsychological evaluation. Test scores were Z-transformed and grouped into four factor analysis-derived domains: executive function, episodic memory, semantic memory, and processing speed. Linear regression analyses were performed between each SNP and cognitive domain after adjusting for age, sex, years of education, testing language, insurance status, and ancestry (top two principal components from Eigenstrat). Fully adjusted linear regression analyses were also performed to see if the SNPs were effect modifiers of age-related variability in cognitive performance. RESULTS: In the fully adjusted models, accounting for SNPs in linkage disequilibrium and applying a modified Bonferonni correction (P<0.00028), we found no significant association between the genes, AKT1, ALDH5A1, BDNF, CCKAR, DTNBP1, FGF23, HTR2A, IL1B, KL, METTL23, REST, SNAP25, and SORL1, and the domains of cognition. We found a significant interaction on episodic memory between age and two SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium (Rsq=0.85 and D9=0.99), rs2101756 (β=0.046, P=1.1E-05) and rs985421 (β=0.040, P=5.08E-05), located in SORL1. While independently adjusting for rs2101756 and rs985421, age had a significant detrimental impact on episodic memory (β=-0.043, P=6.8E-30 and β=-0.043, P=5.24E-29, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: SORL1 encodes an apolipoprotein E receptor, and influences cognitive decline. Decreased expression of SORL1 has been associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Our data support SNPs rs2101756 and rs985421 as possible moderators of age-related episodic memory decline. Study Supported by: NINDS R37 NS029993, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, ACMG Foundation Disclosure: Dr. Katz has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dong has nothing to disclose. Dr. Stern has received personal compensation for activities with Elan, Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Cephalon, and GalaxoSmithKlein as a consultant. Dr. Wright has received royalty payments from UpToDate. Dr. Blanton has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sacco has received personal compensation for activities with Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals.
The volume of the uterus during labor and its correlation with birth weight. I. A method for the prediction of birth weight.

Abstract 1. 1. The volume of the gravid uterus is calculated, assuming a known geometrical shape, and taking two simple measurements. 2. 2. The correlation of the volume of the uterus with birth weight is particularly high when the uterus is assumed to be a sphere, and the station of the vertex is above the ischial spines. 3. 3. The correlation of uterine volume with birth weight is lower, if the uterus is assumed to be an ellipsoid instead of a sphere. 4. 4. The correlation of actual birth weight with the volume of the uterus is higher than the correlation of actual birth weight with the predicted birth weight by abdominal palpation. 5. 5. When an external measurement is taken with the uterus relaxed, and the vertex above the spines, the birth weight may be predicted by the equation W = 1,870 + 0.11D3 ± 250 where W = predicted birth weight in grams D = corrected average diameter of the uterus in centimeters ±250 = the standard deviation. (In 68 per cent of the cases the predicted weight will be within ±250 grams.) 6. 6. With a rectal measurement and the uterus contracted, vertex above spines, the equation becomes W = 1,570 + 0.12D3 ± 230 7. 7. A graphic method for the rapid prediction of birth weight is presented.
THE MULTIPLICATION OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS. II. THE RELATION BETWEEN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND THE DUPLICATION OF VIRAL DNA IN INFECTED HEP-2 CELLS.

Abstract The uptake of thymidine-H 3 into the ethanol-insoluble fraction (DNA) of herpes simplex virus-infected HEp-2 cells is blocked by puromycin added to the medium prior to 4 hours after infection. After 4 hours of infection, the uptake of thymidine continues at a reduced rate dependent on the time of addition of the drug. On the basis of the apparent buoyant density on equilibrium sedimentation in CsCl it was determined that both viral and cellular DNA are made in infected cells treated with puromycin 6 hours after infection. The equilibrium sedimentation studies also revealed that cellular DNA is made between 0 and 3 hours after infection with herpes simplex virus. Subsequently, both viral and cellular DNA are made, but not at the same rates.