cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Risk for Preadolescent Suicidal Behavior: An Ecological Model

The relationship between preadolescent suicidality (ideation, threats, attempts) and subsequent adolescent suicidal behavior is well documented. We tested a six domain, ecological suicide risk model in a sample of 69 preadolescent outpatients (ages 5 to 12 years). We correlated items from each domain with “Suicidality” as measured by the Pfeffer Spectrum of Suicide Potential Scale. Three domains (Child Risk Factors, Childhood Traumas, Family Stressors) had a total of 19 items that were significantly correlated with Suicidality (alpha < .05 level); one item in the fourth dimension, Social Supports, was included (alpha = .06). We show that children who demonstrate anxiety/depression, aggressive and antisocial behavior in a climate of parental hostility are at risk for suicidal behavior.
Targeting MUC1-C suppresses polycomb repressive complex 1 in multiple myeloma

// Ashujit Tagde 1,* , Tahireh Markert 1,* , Hasan Rajabi 1 , Masayuki Hiraki 1 , Maroof Alam 1 , Audrey Bouillez 1 , David Avigan 1 , Kenneth Anderson 1 and Donald Kufe 1 1 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Donald Kufe, email: // Keywords : MUC1-C, multiple myeloma, BMI1, RING1, RING2 Received : June 30, 2017 Accepted : July 16, 2017 Published : August 10, 2017 Abstract The polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) includes the BMI1, RING1 and RING2 proteins. BMI1 is required for survival of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. The MUC1-C oncoprotein is aberrantly expressed by MM cells, activates MYC and is also necessary for MM cell survival. The present studies show that targeting MUC1-C with (i) stable and inducible silencing and CRISPR/Cas9 editing and (ii) the pharmacologic inhibitor GO-203, which blocks MUC1-C function, downregulates BMI1, RING1 and RING2 expression. The results demonstrate that MUC1-C drives BMI1 transcription by a MYC-dependent mechanism. MUC1-C thus promotes MYC occupancy on the BMI1 promoter and thereby activates BMI1 expression. We also show that the MUC1-C →MYC pathway induces RING2 expression. Moreover, in contrast to BMI1 and RING2, we found that MUC1-C drives RING1 by an NF-kB p65-dependent mechanism. Targeting MUC1-C and thereby the suppression of these key PRC1 proteins was associated with downregulation of the PRC1 E3 ligase activity as evidenced by decreases in ubiquitylation of histone H2A. Targeting MUC1-C also resulted in activation of the PRC1-repressed tumor suppressor genes, PTEN, CDNK2A and BIM . These findings identify a heretofore unrecognized role for MUC1-C in the epigenetic regulation of MM cells.
Supercritical Extraction in Environmental Remediation and Restoration

A supercritical fluid (SCF) is a fluid at conditions above its critical temperature and pressure. Interest in the extraction of solid and liquid media by SCFs have increased during the last decade due to: (1) environmental problems associated with common solvents (mostly chlorinated hydrocarbons); (2) the increasing cost of energy intensive separation processes (for example distillation); and (3) the inability of conventional separation processes to provide the necessary separations needed in emerging new industries. The attractive physicochemical properties of SCFs qualify them as a viable alternative to conventional solvents used in extraction processes.
Getting Started with Android Mode

In this chapter, we will introduce the Processing software and Android mode, the community project behind them, and how we can begin using the mode to create apps for Android devices.
Abstract 3303: The 26S Proteasome is Activated at Critically Low ATP Concentrations and Contributes to Myocardial Damage During Cold Ischemia

Proteasomes, the major non-lysosomal proteases in all eukaryotic cells, are regulated by ATP and thought to contribute to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, their role and regulation during ischemia are poorly understood. Because the duration of cold ischemia (CI) is closely related to loss of function and reduced organ survival in cardiac transplantation, we studied whether proteasomes contribute to organ damage in rat hearts during CI (4°C). Consistent with earlier observations, we detected that proteasome activity in normal heart extracts is negatively regulated by ATP. Compared with normal myocardial [ATP, 5mM], proteasome activity increased continuously by 500% at 50–100 μ M ATP when [ATP] was gradually reduced. Measurements of activities and 20S/26S proteasome content in highly purified enzyme preparations showed that this activation was caused by 26S proteasomes that are stable at low [ATP, 2 : 0.8). Proteasome activities increased time dependently by 200% and reached plateau after 24h of CI when measured at the tissue [ATP] and 37°C, and by 1000% with plateau at 12h when measured at 4°C (p μ M) to the UW solution reduced proteasome activities by >90%, but did not affect tissue [ATP]. While there were no histomorphological (HE n=5/group). These findings identify the 26S proteasome as a protease that is activated at low tissue [ATP] and contributes to myocardial damage during CI. Our data further suggest proteasome inhibition as a novel approach to reduce cell damage during cold ischemic storage of donor organs, and possibly during myocardial ischemia in general. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, Greater Southeast Affiliate (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Puerto Rico & Tennessee).
Returning to Kolchak : Polymediated Narrative, Discourse, and Supernatural Drama

Scholars are paying a great deal of attention to the complexity of the stories being created for print, film, television, and the web. In this essay, the authors explore the relationship between complex narratives and the discourses in which they participate using one genre and starting with one television program: Kolchak: The Night Stalker . The authors expand on the concept of polymediated narrative complexity in contemporary storyworlds to explore the external discourses that influence their legacies and interpretations. As such, this research examines Kolchak as an important ever-evolving discursive fragment within what would become the supernatural drama genre.
A Netnography on Consumer Engagement in Virtual Brand Communities

Over 40 million people worldwide are estimated to participate in some form of virtual brand community (Sicillia & Palazon, 2008). The online environment provides numerous venues for consumers to have a safe space to share their opinions and ideas and find solutions to problems, as well as opportunities for retailers to take advantage of interactive and personalized marketing. Express, a US specialty apparel retailer, has implemented a virtual community using asynchronous discussions on product review pages to generate increased sales, positive word-of-mouth, increased information sharing, and richer marketing research data. Such virtual environments help the retailer to engage customers in conversations; however, research has not yet examined the patterns of customer-generated knowledge for online apparel retailers.
Parametric Investigation of Stall Cell Formation on a NACA 0015 Airfoil

An experimental parametric exploration of stall cells on a NACA 0015 airfoil with aspect ratio aspect ratio=4 was conducted. First, flowfield measurements were performed using stereoscopic particl...
Rejoice the Infinite

From times immemorial, man has aspired to the infinite. The first known attempt to reach infinity occurred in Babel and is told in Genesis: “And they said: ‘Come, let us build a city, and a tower, with its top in heaven.’” Their attempt was doomed to fail, for God, fearing that their aspirations may be too high, “confounded their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech” (Genesis 11:4). Ever since, the Tower of Babel has become an allegory of the infinite—or of man’s futile efforts to reach it.
The roles of the information environment and the stock price performance of foreign firms in their decision to delist from U.S. exchanges

Abstract We examine the roles of the information environment and the stock price performance of foreign firms in explaining their delisting from U.S. exchanges by focusing on analyst following and cumulative abnormal returns in the pre-delisting periods. We find that compared to non-delisters, firms that delist because of a merger and acquisition have stronger analyst following in the pre-delisting period. On the other hand, involuntary and voluntary delisters experience low and declining analyst coverage prior to delisting. In addition, while firms which delist through a merger and acquisition have strong stock price performance compared to a control sample of non-delisting firms, involuntary delisters display stock price underperformance in the pre-delisting period. Our results suggest that the information environment and the stock price performance play different roles in explaining the delisting decision for different types of delisters.
Contact and Noncontact Measurement of Electronic Transport in Individual 2D SnS Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Colloidal-based solution syntheses offer a scalable and cost-efficient means of producing 2D nanomaterials in high yield. While much progress has been made toward the controlled and tailorable synthesis of semiconductor nanocrystals in solution, it remains a substantial challenge to fully characterize the products’ inherent electronic transport properties. This is often due to their irregular morphology or small dimensions, which demand the formation of colloidal assemblies or films as a prerequisite to performing electrical measurements. Here, we report the synthesis of nearly monodisperse 2D colloidal nanocrystals of semiconductor SnS and a thorough investigation of the intrinsic electronic transport properties of single crystals. We utilize a combination of multipoint contact probe measurements and ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy to determine the carrier concentration, carrier mobility, conductivity/resistivity, and majority carrier type of individual colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals. Employing th...
Conductive interlaminar interfaces for structural health monitoring in composite laminates under fatigue loading

Abstract Conductive interlaminar interfaces were introduced into glass fiber reinforced polymer composites using frictional roller sliding of buckypaper films. The proposed method allowed creating functional ply interfaces for structural health monitoring (SHM). The methods of SHM were investigated using changes in electrical resistance of the composite under fatigue loading in 3-point bending configuration. The study identified various parameters for detecting and monitoring the state of damage in the composite and used finite element analysis to explain electrical conductivity recovery in unloaded sample, which have developed macroscopic delaminations under fatigue. The proposed method of creating conductive interfaces in advanced composites showed to be an effective and scalable technique for manufacturing functional multi-scale nanocomposites.
Report of High Energy Physics Group

The discussion by this group centered on the potential of A15 materials such as Nb3Sn for the next generation of high field accelerator magnets. Dipole coils capable of fields as high as 10 T are generally regarded as the goal despite the considerable difficulties being experienced with current magnets which are only required to produce fields between 4 and 5 tesla.
Body Building in the Hindu Tantric Tradition: The Advantages and Confusions of Scriptural Entextualization in the Worship of the Goddess Kālī”

This article investigates what happens when Tantra, a Hindu esoteric system that is based on the interpretation of the human being as a living, ritualized embodiment of scripture, becomes exotericized through a devotional framework. Building upon the work of Gavin Flood, who coins the term “entextualization” to refer to the way a textual tradition is “written upon” or divinizes the human body, we chart the changes in the medieval Sanskrit Tantric tradition of internalizing the Hindu goddess K?l? when it is taken up by eighteenth-century Bengali devotional poets. What is lost when the esoteric comes out into the open?
Reinforced Deterministic and Probabilistic Load Forecasting via $Q$ -Learning Dynamic Model Selection

Both deterministic and probabilistic load forecasting (DLF and PLF) are of critical importance to reliable and economical power system operations. However, most of the widely used statistical machine learning (ML) models are trained by optimizing the global performance, without considering the local behaviour. This paper develops a two-step short-term load forecasting (STLF) model with Q-learning based dynamic model selection (QMS), which provides reinforced deterministic and probabilistic load forecasts (DLFs and PLFs). First, a deterministic forecasting model pool (DMP) and a probabilistic forecasting model pool (PMP) are built based on 10 state-of-the-art ML DLF models and 4 predictive distribution models. Then, in the first-step of each time stamp, a Q-learning agent selects the locally-best DLF model from the DMP to provide an enhanced DLF. At last, the DLF is input to the best PLF model selected from the PMP by another Q-learning agent to perform PLF in the second-step. Numerical simulations on two-year weather and smart meter data show that the developed STLF-QMS method improves DLF and PLF by 50% and 60%, respectively, compared to the state-of-the-art benchmarks.
Fast Identification of Possible Drug Treatment of Coronavirus Disease -19 (COVID-19) Through Computational Drug Repurposing Study

The recent outbreak of novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) calls for and welcomes possible treatment strategies using drugs on the market. It is very efficient to apply computer-aided drug design techniques to quickly identify promising drug repurposing candidates, especially after the detailed 3D structures of key viral proteins are resolved. The virus causing COVID-19 is SARS-CoV-2. Taking advantage of a recently released crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease in complex with a covalently bonded inhibitor, N3 (Liu et al., 10.2210/pdb6LU7/pdb), I conducted virtual docking screening of approved drugs and drug candidates in clinical trials. For the top docking hits, I then performed molecular dynamics simulations followed by binding free energy calculations using an end point method called MM-PBSA-WSAS (molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area/weighted solvent-accessible surface area; Wang, Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 9478; Wang, Curr. Comput.-Aided Drug Des. 2006, 2, 287; Wang; ; Hou J. Chem. Inf. Model., 2012, 52, 1199). Several promising known drugs stand out as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease, including carfilzomib, eravacycline, valrubicin, lopinavir, and elbasvir. Carfilzomib, an approved anticancer drug acting as a proteasome inhibitor, has the best MM-PBSA-WSAS binding free energy, -13.8 kcal/mol. The second-best repurposing drug candidate, eravacycline, is synthetic halogenated tetracycline class antibiotic. Streptomycin, another antibiotic and a charged molecule, also demonstrates some inhibitory effect, even though the predicted binding free energy of the charged form (-3.8 kcal/mol) is not nearly as low as that of the neutral form (-7.9 kcal/mol). One bioactive, PubChem 23727975, has a binding free energy of -12.9 kcal/mol. Detailed receptor-ligand interactions were analyzed and hot spots for the receptor-ligand binding were identified. I found that one hot spot residue, His41, is a conserved residue across many viruses including SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The findings of this study can facilitate rational drug design targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
Efficient and Super-Efficient Use of Broadband Access by the US States

In an earlier study, Parajuli and Haynes (Growth and Change 43:590–614, 2012) used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess efficiency of broadband utilization across US states. They found that a number of states in the USA assumed an efficiency score of one for broadband adoption and use. While this is not unusual, the commonly used DEA methods—the Charnes, Coopers, and Rhodes and the Banker, Charnes, and Cooper extension—do not rank relative efficient decision-making units (DMUs) across the efficient frontier. The super-efficiency estimation presented here is one method that overcomes this inherent limitation and allows for ranking the efficient DMUs. This paper uses a super-efficiency method to rank states that were efficient in broadband adoption and use in the USA from 2005 through 2007.
Work-in-Progress—A 360 Virtual Reality Simulation to Prepare Social Work Students to Interact with Community Environments

Social work educators utilize theories to teach students about the correlations that exist between the environment and an individual's development. Students, however, do not apply these theoretical perspectives with consistency when interacting with people within their communities. Virtual reality (VR) can be a scaffolding tool used to address this disparity. This work-in-progress paper describes a 360 VR tool aimed at immersing students in a typical NYC neighborhood. Pre- and post-performance of students who engaged with the VR tool showed statistically significant learning gains and positive effects on VR use, value, and satisfaction with the experience.
Religiosity and Trust: Evidence from the United States

Trust is one of the key driving forces behind human action and an important factor in shaping human interaction. Trust can improve economic growth, political and civic involvement, democratic stability, and subjective well-being. Yet, trust has been in decline for the last 60 years in the U.S. This article tests the effect of several indicators of religiosity, including an index for both social and individual religiosity, on trust. Common religious doctrine instructs followers to place their trust solely in God, and can therefore be interpreted as a determinant of generalized trust. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to find out whether religious people are more likely to be distrustful of others and whether they are more likely to be misanthropic. We use the US General Social Survey (GSS, 1972–2018, $$\hbox {n} > 10\hbox {k}$$ ), a large, recurring, and nationally-representative sample of U.S. adults. Using the GSS, we investigate the relationship between religiosity and trust (interpersonal and generalized) in a well-controlled model using OLS regressions. We examine both the effects of social religiosity (e.g. church attendance, membership at religious organization), and individual religiosity (e.g. belief in God, feeling of closeness to God, prayer), on trust and on misanthropy. Several additional robustness tests were conducted. The findings demonstrate that while social religiosity or belonging (services attendance, church membership) predicts more trust, individual religiosity or believing (prayer, closeness and belief in God) predicts lower trust. Likewise, social religiosity lowers misanthropy, while individual religiosity promotes it. Furthermore, we show that it is important to consider individual and social religiosity simultaneously because they correlate and have opposite effects–this is an intriguing and not entirely obvious finding as most people would expect that religiosity in general, has a positive effect on trust. Our results indicate that religiosity is a substantial determinant of social trust and of misanthropy. The divergent results based on whether religiosity is social or individual in character is a new conceptual approach towards religiosity not previously undertaken in the literature. Ingroup favoritism and outgroup derogation theory explains our findings—connecting with God disrupts connection with humans.
Extended Reality (XR:VR/AR/MR), 3D Printing, Holography, A.I., Radiomics, and Online VR Tele-Medicine for Precision Surgery

Surgical navigation has become essential for surgeons to accurately and safely perform precision surgery. The 3D organ modeling based on individual patient’s medical image data is indispensable for simulation, navigation, and education for accurate and safe surgery. Thus, radiomics is a crucial role in systematically scientizing the enormous amount of radiological image information.
Nominal property concepts and substance possession in Mandarin Chinese

This paper investigates two puzzles regarding property concept (PC) lexemes (Dixon in Where have all the adjectives gone? And other essays in semantics and syntax. Mouton, The Hague, 1982) in Mandarin: why degree modifiers such as hen ‘very’ are compatible with gradable adjectives such as gao ‘tall’ as well as PC nominals such as zhihui ‘wisdom’, but not with concrete mass nouns such as shui ‘water’ in simple declarative clauses, and why degree modifiers are obligatory to block comparative interpretation in sentences with gradable adjectives and possessive PC nominal phrases. I demonstrate the data of PC nominals in possessive constructions with positive and comparative interpretations. Following Francez and Koontz-Garboden (Semantics and morphosyntactic variation: qualities and the grammar of property concepts. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2017), I argue that PC nominals and other mass nouns in Mandarin are semantically distinct in such a way that the latter lack inherent measures. Furthermore, I argue that gradable adjectives and possessive PC nominal phrases are model-theoretically equivalent. Moreover, I propose that degree modifiers such as hen are compulsory to block comparative interpretations in PC sentences because possessive PC phrases are Adjective Phrases and require an overt degree modifier or a covert comparative operator to satisfy the T[+ V] constraint in Mandarin proposed by Grano (Nat Lang Linguist Theory 30:513–565, 2012).
Missing Piece of the Puzzle: Evaluating a General Meaning of Sex Measure

The presence of and search for meaning has divergent and salient outcomes for individuals' physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Although numerous domains of meaning have been examined, the literature on the meaning of sex is sparse and lacks a quantitative measure. In this study, we evaluated a new general Meaning of Sex (MOS) Measure that captured the presence of (MOS-P) and search for (MOS-S) the meaning of sex by analyzing how these subscales were associated with important relational and sexual outcomes (i.e., relationship stability and satisfaction and sexual satisfaction) in two samples. For Sample 1, all participants (N = 865) reported engaging in what they considered to be sexual intercourse and were either single or in a relationship. For Sample 2, all participants (N = 884) reported being in a committed relationship for at least two years. With both samples, confirmatory factor analyses showed good construct validity as the two subscales were distinct from one another and had good reliability. The analyses also demonstrated divergent validity between both scales and meaning in life, sexual motivations, sexual beliefs, and religiosity. The MOS-S had a strong (and negative) association with relationship stability in both samples. The MOS-P had a strong (and positive) association with relationship satisfaction in both samples.
Multi-Agent System-Based Plug-and-Play Energy Management System for DC Microgrids

This paper discusses the design and implementation of a decentralized multi-agent based plug-and-play capability for an energy management system (EMS) of a DC microgrid. For the EMS, a consensus algorithm is used with a fully distributed optimization approach. The multi-agent system (MAS) is designed using the Java Agent Development Framework (JADE), taking advantage of its features and properties to implement the plug-and-plug capability. Agent negotiation abilities are implemented to enable the agents to react according to time-varying communication topologies in the microgrid. An interface based on TCP/IP is implemented between Matlab and JADE to create a bi-directional communication link so that signals are sent from Matlab to the microgrid agents to trigger certain events in the system. The EMS algorithm, with the help of the implemented plug-and-play capability, exhibits robustness and converges very fast. The results are validated through simulation.
Impact of increased donor distances following adult heart allocation system changes: A single center review of 1-year outcomes.

Background On October 18, 2018, several changes to the donor heart allocation system were enacted. We hypothesize that patients undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) under the new allocation system will see an increase in ischemic times, rates of primary graft dysfunction, and 1-year mortality due to these changes. Methods In this single-center retrospective study, we reviewed the charts of all OHT patients from October 2017 through October 2019. Pre- and postallocation recipient demographics were compared. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 184 patients underwent OHT. Recipient demographics were similar between cohorts. The average distance from donor increased by more than 150 km (p = .006). Patients in the postallocation change cohort demonstrated a significant increase in the rate of severe left ventricle primary graft dysfunction from 5.4% to 18.7% (p = .005). There were no statistically significant differences in 30-day mortality or 1-year survival. Time on the waitlist was reduced from 203.8 to 103.7 days (p = .006). Conclusions Changes in heart allocation resulted in shorter waitlist times at the expense of longer donor distances and ischemic times, with an associated negative impact on early post-transplantation outcomes. No significant differences in 30-day or 1-year mortality were observed.
Can Cytologic and Sonographic Features Help Prevent Overtreatment of Bethesda V Thyroid Nodules

ABSTRACT Background Although nearly half of thyroid nodules with Bethesda V cytology (suspicious for malignancy) may be benign or harbor low-grade neoplasms that can be sufficiently treated with lobectomy, many patients with Bethesda V cytology continue to be treated with total thyroidectomy. The objectives of this study were to establish whether cytomorphologic and ultrasonographic features can determine appropriate surgery for thyroid nodules with Bethesda V cytology and how often patients are overtreated with total instead of partial thyroidectomy. Methods Utilizing a 10-y prospective database starting January 1, 2004, cytomorphologic and ultrasonographic features of thyroid nodules with Bethesda V cytology were reviewed. Overtreatment was defined as total thyroidectomy when histopathology revealed benign nodule, noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) or a unilateral Results Sixty-three patients were included in the study. Seventeen (27%) had benign, 14 (22%) NIFTP, and 32 (51%) malignant nodules. On cytology, nuclear pseudoinclusions, and on ultrasound, taller-than-wide configuration, were more common in malignant than benign or NIFTP nodules. Among 56 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy, 14 and 11 had a benign or NIFTP nodule, respectively, and 13 had a unilateral Conclusions Total thyroidectomy for Bethesda V thyroid nodules may result in overtreatment in more than half of the patients. Although certain cytomorphologic and ultarsonographic features may be helpful in determining appropriate surgery for Bethesda V thyroid nodules, additional characteristics are needed to reduce overtreatment of these nodules.
Needs Assessment for Standardized Medical Student Imaging Education: Review of the Literature and a Survey of Deans and Chairs.

Rationale and Objectives: Medical imaging education often has limited representation in formal medical student curricula. Although the need for greater inclusion of radiology material is generally agreed on, the exact skillset that should be taught is less clear. The purpose of our study was to perform a needs assessment for a national radiology curriculum for medical students. Materials and Methods: We analyzed data from previous unpublished portions of the American College of Radiology/Alliance of Medical Student Educators in Radiology survey of Deans and Radiology Chairs regarding prevalence of radiology curricular revisions, assessment tools, use of the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria, and resources used in curriculum revision. We also performed a literature search through both PubMED and a general search engine (Google) to identify available resources for designing and implementing imaging curricula and curricular revisions. Results: Medical school deans and chairs reported a need for more overall radiology content; one of every six programs (15%) reported they had no recognized imaging curriculum. Of schools currently with imaging curricula, 82% have undergone revision in the last 10 years using a variety of different resources, but there is no universally agreed on guide or standard curriculum. The PubMED and Google searches identified only 23 and eight resources, respectively, suggesting a sizable deficit in available guidance; however, a single published medical student radiology curriculum is available through the Alliance of Medical Student Educators in Radiology. Conclusions: There is a need, but few available resources, to guide educators in adding imaging content to medical school curricula. We postulate that a standardized national curriculum directed by a focused skillset may be useful to educators and could result in greater uniformity of imaging skills among graduating US medical students. A proposed skillset to guide a national curriculum in radiology is described.
The House That Matthiessen Built

IT'S UNIMAGINABLE what the world of American literary scholarship would now sound like if F. O. Matthiessen had decided to stay with one of his original titles for American Renaissance, his monumental study of American writers of the mid-nineteenth century. He had been thinking of thematic titles?Literature for Democracy, Man in the Open Air, From East to West ?that would capture an action, track a process, instead of a taxo nomic title that would peg a period, build a structure around a rich flour ishing of symbolic action. He had toyed with one title, The Great Age in American Literature, that offered a sort of Nick Carraway judgment of the authors and the years that he focused on, but it's difficult now to picture our college curriculums studded with courses in the "American Great Age." They are studded, of course, with classes in the "American Renais sance," just as the scholarship dealing with the period is filled with texts that name themselves in relation to the title Matthiessen settled on (a title that was suggested to him by Harry Levin after the book had been ac cepted?on the condition that Matthiessen help subsidize it?by Oxford University Press). Matthiessen's title derives from Melville's own com parison of his age to the Elizabethan Renaissance, but until Matthiessen named the period, the phrase was not part of the cognitive map by which the nation's literature was known. Now, however, the name is the most familiar one on the map, and in recent years it has come to sound like an incantation in the titles of critical studies dealing with mid-nineteenth cen tury writers: The American Renaissance Reconsidered, Visionary Compacts:
Multilayer Film Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes

An approach to assemble multilayers of carbon nanotubes on a substrate is presented. Chemical vapor deposition using a transition metal catalyst formulation is used to grow the nanotubes. Results show a bilayer assembly of nanotubes each with a different density of tubes.
Cor biatriatum triloculare

Abstract A case of three-chambered heart (cor biatriatum triloculare), with a tiny, rudimentary left ventricular pocket, attended by slight coaretation of the aorta in a boy aged 9 years is reported. The unusual clinical features, namely, absence of cyanosis and relatively good cardiac reserve until shortly before death, are discussed. The congenital abnormalities were complicated by a terminal infection (? rheumatic) and rapid dilatation and failure of the heart. The clinical diagnosis of chronic rheumatic heart disease, with mitral involvement was incorreet.
Thinking about Other People in Nineteenth-Century British Writing

Introduction: love thinking 1. Thinking as action: James Frederick Ferrier's Philosophy of Consciousness 2. Foam, aura, or melody: theorizing mental force in Victorian Britain 3. Thinking in the second person in nineteenth-century poetry 4. Thinking and knowing in Patmore and Meredith 5. Daniel Deronda and the omnipotence of thought Conclusion: the ethics of belief and the poetics of thinking about another person.
Nanotechnology: Carbon-based electronics

Microelectronics based on silicon is probably the technology that has most changed the twentieth century. But in the coming century, carbon may take over. An early sign of that promise is the construction of a transistor based on a single large molecule & a semiconducting carbon nanotube.
Nanoscale suppression of magnetization at atomically assembled manganite interfaces: XMCD and XRMS measurements

Using circularly polarized x rays, we compare the electronic and magnetic properties of a ${\mathrm{La}}_{2∕3}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1∕3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(\mathrm{LSMO})∕\mathrm{Sr}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(\mathrm{STO})$ and a modified $\mathrm{LSMO}∕\mathrm{La}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}(\mathrm{LMO})∕\mathrm{STO}$ interface. Using the technique of x-ray resonant magnetic scattering, we can probe the interfaces of complicated layered structures and quantitatively model depth-dependent magnetic profiles as a function of distance from the interface. Comparisons of the average electronic and magnetic properties at the interface are made independently using x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The XAS and the XMCD demonstrate that the electronic and magnetic structure of the LMO layer at the modified interface is qualitatively equivalent to the underlying LSMO film. From the temperature dependence of the XMCD, it is found that the near-surface magnetization for both interfaces falls off faster than the bulk magnetization. For all temperatures in the range of $50--300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, the magnetic profiles for both systems always show a ferromagnetic component at the interface with a significantly suppressed magnetization that evolves to the bulk value over a length scale of $\ensuremath{\sim}1.6--2.4\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$. The LSMO/LMO/STO interface shows a larger ferromagnetic moment than the LSMO/STO interface; however, the difference is only substantial at low temperature.
Effect of Nalidixic Acid on PBS2 Bacteriophage Infection of Bacillus subtilis

Infection of Bacillus subtilis by PBS2 phage, whose DNA contains uracil instead of thymine, is relatively unaffected by low concentrations of nalidixic acid which severely inhibit B. subtilis DNA synthesis. High concentrations of nalidixic acid do inhibit PBS2 DNA synthesis, but more severely reduce the burst size of PBS2 infections. Hydroxyurea blocks PBS2 DNA synthesis, preventing progeny phage production.
15O water positron emission tomography in language localization: A study comparing positron emission tomography visual and computerized region of interest analysis with the wada test

We compared (15)O water positron emission tomography (PET) auditory and visual confrontational naming activation with an intracarotid amobarbital (Amytal) injection procedure (IAP) for language lateralization in 12 patients with intractable epilepsy. PET scans were evaluated by three raters experienced in functional imaging as well as by a region of interest (ROI) approach. Compared with IAP, raters' positive predictive value for language lateralization ranged from 88 to 91%. ROI analysis had a positive predictive value of 80%. Six patients had surgery; 1 with right-sided IAP language dominance but left-sided PET activation had dysphasia for 6 months after left temporal lobectomy.
IS ZEAXANTHIN CAPABLE OF ENERGY TRANSFER TO CHLOROPHYLL a IN PARTIALLY GREENED LEAVES? A STUDY OF FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION SPECTRA DURING VIOLAXANTHIN DEEPOXIDATION

Absorbance spectra and excitation spectra of chlorophyll a fluoresence were recorded during the light-induced deepoxidation of violaxauthin to zeaxanthin in bean leaves (Phaseolus coccineus) greened under intermittent light. Light minus dark fluorescence excitation difference spectra showed distinct minima at 440, 465, and 500 nm corresponding to maxima in the absorbance difference spectra. Both difference spectra were prevented by the deepoxidase inhibitor dithiothreitol and were inverted when zeaxanthin was epoxidized. The fluorescence excitation difference spectra were successfully modeled by considering the absorbance differences between violaxanthin and zeaxanthin, assuming no energy transfer from the two pigments to chlorophyll a, and accounting for light-induced scattering changes. The pigment stoichiometry and the scattering changes of the simulation were in accordance with experimental data. The results indicate that, in the early stage of leaf development, light absorbed by the cycle pigments violaxanthin and zeaxanthin is not transferred to chlorophyll.
U RI B EN -E LIEZER , The Making of Israeli Militarism (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1998). Pp. 290. $35 cloth.

Israel's May 1999 elections featured three newly retired generals, including Ehud Barak, a former chief of staff who was elected prime minister. There was consensus among most political analysts that Barak was elected primarily because of his military background. Moreover, a wellorchestrated public-relations campaign presented Barak as the most likely candidate to revive the peace process that his military commander, Yitzhak Rabin, had started. Few questioned, however, that military credentials have become almost a prerequisite to holding political office in Israel or that someone who devoted most of his life to war-making is indeed the best person to lead a peacemaking process. It would be quite difficult to understand the centrality of the military in Israeli politics, as in almost any other sphere of life, without paying close attention to the processes and practices that have shaped Israeli militarism over time. By providing readers with both the historical context and the socio-political background, Uri Ben-Eliezer's The Making of Israeli Militarism enables us to come to terms with how the “military way,” as he refers to it, came to dominate Israeli politics in general and its relationships with its neighbors in particular.
Cruel Intimacies and Risky Relationships: Accounting for Suffering in Industrial Livestock Production

This article investigates the hypothesis that greater human-livestock intimacy can deter cruelty and mitigate suffering in the industrial production of animals for human consumption. The history of industrial agriculture in North America is one of increasingly utilitarian, profit-based, and technologically mediated relationships between humans and the animals they raise and kill for food. Under what circumstances is the physical and emotional distance between producers, consumers, and consumed animals an impetus toward uncaring and irresponsible relationships? Do even intimate interspecies encounters in livestock production involve cruelty and suffering? This article addresses these questions and evaluates reform options by attending to both the localized arrangements and systemic structures of industrial livestock production. Finally, it proposes a risk-mapping strategy to assess the plausibility of caring intimacies in livestock production.
Training for the production of novel timing movements: Contextual considerations

The present study represented an attempt to determine the extent to which transfer performance on a novel timing task is influenced by contextual similarity (i.e., similar instructions, task requirements, etc.) between training and transfer phases of performance. All subjects were given trials on a task which involved a linear ballistic arm movement. The length of the movement was defined as the distance between a start button and a hinged target, which was knocked over by the subject at the end of the response. During training subjects attempted to produce their movements in a time of 550 ms and were given knowledge of results regarding timing error after each trial. During transfer trials a 300 ms movement time was attempted and no knowledge of results was given. Context was defined by the number of different movement distances performed during training and transfer. Half of the subjects received training trials with a single distance (constant context) while the other half received an equal number of trials with each of three distances (varied context). During the transfer stage of the experiment, subjects either performed in the same movement distance context experienced during training (i.e., constant to constant; varied to varied) or in the opposite context (i.e., constant to varied; varied to constant). The results of the transfer analysis suggested that similariy of context between training and transfer phases of performance was not crucial to the accurate production of a novel closed-timing movement. Implications of the present results for recent theories of memory development are discussed.
Hollywood in the Age of Television

Part 1 Responding to network television: from "Frontal Lobes" to the "Bob and Bob" show - NBC management and programming strategies, 1949-1965, Vance Kepley Jr. building the world's largest advertising medium - CBS and television, 1940-1960, William Boddy the weakest chain and the strongest link - the American Broadcasting Company and the motion picture industry, 1952-1960, James L.Baughman network oligopoly power - an economic analysis, Barry Litman Hollywood's attempt at appropriating television - the case of Paramount Pictures, Timothy R.White new producers for old - United Artists and the shift to independent production, Tino Balio glorious technicolour, breathtaking cinemascope and stereophonic sound, John Belton red, blue and lots of green - the impact of colour television on feature film production, Brad Chisholm feature films on prime time television, William Lafferty. Part 2 Responding to new television technologies: pay television - breaking the broadcast bottleneck, Michele Hilmes home video - the second run "Theatre" of the 1990's, Bruce A Austin the made-for-television movie - industrial practice, cultural form, popular reception, Laurie Schulze building a movie theatre giant - the rise of the cineplex Odeon, Douglas Gomery Coca Cola satellites? Hollywood and the deregulation of European television, Edward Buscombe.
Investigation of joint probability density function of high-resolution VV- and HH-polarized X-band sea backscatter obtained through direct numerical simulations

Joint statistical properties of range-resolved sea backscatter at different polarizations are investigated using large Monte Carlo ensembles of numerically generated data. The simulations are based on the first-principles boundary integral equation technique in the two-dimensional (2-D) space and produce noise-free sets of backscatter corresponding to well-defined wind conditions. This study focuses on the joint probability density function (PDF) of vertically (VV) and horizontally (HH) polarized clutter intensities, investigating the behavior of the function's orientation and shape with variations in the incidence angle and wind speed. Comparisons with the results generated using coherent formulation of the popular Two-Scale Model reveal strengths and weaknesses of the latter in reproducing detailed statistical descriptors of sea clutter such as the joint VV-HH PDF.
Finding Ways to Teach Critical Thinking in Business and Professional Communication

There is universal agreement among educators in the academy and managers in the workplace that critical thinking skills are essential for success at all levels. Over a century ago, the American sociologist William Graham Sumner defined what we now call critical thinking as “the examination and test of propositions of any kind which are offered for acceptance, in order to find out whether they correspond to reality or not.” He further argued that “it is our only guarantee against delusion, deception, superstition, and misapprehension of ourselves and our earthly circumstances,” and education “teaches us to act by judgment” (Sumner, 1906, pp. 632-633). Hiring managers have long recognized how important critical thinking is in their talent searches. Wall Street Journal reporter Marisa Taylor (2010) argued that “while the ability to think critically is, well, critical in the workplace, employers have long complained that many of the young college graduates they hire seem to lack this skill.” Taylor continued by noting that
Structural basis for angiopoietin-1–mediated signaling initiation

Angiogenesis is a complex cellular process involving multiple regulatory growth factors and growth factor receptors. Among them, the ligands for the endothelial-specific tunica intima endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (Tie2) receptor kinase, angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and Ang2, play essential roles in balancing vessel stability and regression during both developmental and tumor-induced angiogenesis. Despite possessing a high degree of sequence identity, Ang1 and Ang2 have distinct functional roles and cell-signaling characteristics. Here, we present the crystal structures of Ang1 both unbound and in complex with the Tie2 ectodomain. Comparison of the Ang1-containing structures with their Ang2-containing counterparts provide insight into the mechanism of receptor activation and reveal molecular surfaces important for interactions with Tie2 coreceptors and associated signaling proteins. Using structure-based mutagenesis, we identify a loop within the angiopoietin P domain, adjacent to the receptor-binding interface, which confers the specific agonist/antagonist properties of the molecule. We demonstrate using cell-based assays that an Ang2 chimera containing the Ang1 loop sequence behaves functionally similarly to Ang1 as a constitutive Tie2 agonist, able to efficiently dissociate the inhibitory Tie1/Tie2 complex and elicit Tie2 clustering and downstream signaling.
On the sign changes of coefficients of general Dirichlet series

Under what conditions do the (possibly complex) coefficients of a general Dirichlet series exhibit oscillatory behavior? In this work we invoke Laguerre's Rule of Signs and Landau's Theorem to provide a rather simple answer to this question. Furthermore, we explain how our result easily applies to a multitude of functions.
Color magnetic corrections to quark model valence distributions.

We calculate order-[alpha][sub [ital s]] color magnetic corrections to the valence quark distributions of the proton using the Los Alamos potential model wave functions. The spin-spin interaction breaks the model SU(4) symmetry, providing a natural mechanism for the difference between the up and down distributions. For a value of [alpha][sub [ital s]] sufficient to produce the [ital N]-[Delta] mass splitting, we find up and down quark distributions in reasonable agreement with experiment.
Medicaid reimbursement and the quality of nursing home care

An influential series of papers have found that an increase in Medicaid reimbursement decreases the level of nursing home quality in the presence of certificate-of-need (CON) and construction moratorium regulations. Using more recent national data, an outcome-oriented measure of quality, and an alternative methodology, this study finds a positive, albeit small, effect of reimbursement on quality. Although this paper does find some evidence of excess demand within the market for nursing home care, this new finding is attributed to a decline in nursing home utilization over the last two decades.