cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A New Pest Species of Copitarsia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from the Neotropical Region Feeding on Asparagus and Cut Flowers

The egg, first and last instars, and adult of Copitarsia corruda, n. sp. from Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru are described and illustrated. Larval host plant genera include Asparagus (Liliaceae) (Mexico, Colombia, and Ecuador), Iris (Iridaceae) (Ecuador), Ammi (Apiaceae) (Ecuador), Lysimachia (Primulaceae) (Colombia), Callistephus (Asteraceae) (Colombia), and Aster (Asteraceae) (Colombia). The larva of Copitarsia decolora (Guenee) is described and illustrated. In addition to genitalic and larval characters, mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI) was analyzed to differentiate C. corruda from Copitarsia decolora (Guenee), and to examine geographic and host plant differences between the two species.
Individual Differences in the Name Similarity Effect

The name similarity effect is the tendency to like people, places, and things with names similar to our own. Although many researchers have examined name similarity effects on preferences and behavior, no research to date has examined whether individual differences exist in susceptibility to those effects. This research reports the results of two experiments that examine the role of self-monitoring in moderating name similarity effects. In the first experiment, name similarity effects on brand attitude and purchase intentions were found to be stronger for respondents high, rather than low, in self-monitoring. In the second experiment, the interactive effect observed in the first study was found to be especially true in a public (vs. private) usage context. These findings are consistent with theoretical expectations of name similarity effects as an expression of egotism manifested in the image and impression management concerns of high self-monitors.
Labyrinthula species associated with turfgrasses in Arizona and New Mexico

Labyrinthula terrestris, the causal agent of rapid blight disease in cool-season turfgrasses, is the first Labyrinthula species found to be associated with higher plants in terrestrial ecosystems. An initial study suggested a single common genotype associated with turfgrass in the US, but a later study revealed genetic diversity in this pathogen. In the present study, genetic diversity as well as differences in pathogenicity and morphology was determined in Labyrinthula spp. from turfgrasses in New Mexico and Arizona where rapid blight had not previously been identified. In total, 96 Labyrinthula isolates from New Mexico and four from Arizona were sequenced in 2011 and 2012. A phylogenetic approach based on 18S and ITS-LSU of ribosomal DNA was used for genotypic diversity, and pathogenicity and microscopy were used for phenotypic diversity. A maximum parsimony analysis revealed four genetic groups including two previously described Labyrinthula groups, Laby10 (L. terrestris) and Laby31. Laby10 was the most predominant with 70 % of isolates followed by Laby31 with 24 %. Two new groups, Laby879 and Laby2020, contained only five and one isolate, respectively. An association between genotypes and phenotypes was observed. Laby10 and Laby31 were highly virulent as well as larger in cell size (14.9 and 18.1 μm, respectively), while Laby879 was less virulent with an average cell size of 8.5 μm. Laby2020 was the smallest (0.8 μm) and non-pathogenic. Results showed a prevalence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Labyrinthula spp. in turfgrasses in New Mexico and the presence of the Laby31 group in the US for the first time.
Doctrine in Context

In Windsor and Brown: Marriage Equality and Racial Equality, Professor Michael Klarman convincingly argues that the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling in United States v. Windsor “became conceivable only because of enormous changes in the surrounding social and political contexts.” In emphasizing external over internal factors, Klarman claims that “doctrine played little role in the outcome[] of . . . Windsor.” Yet this response argues that doctrine — and more specifically the mobilization and construction of doctrine in lower courts and in nonjudicial domains — contributed to the result in Windsor by shaping the legal and political context in which the Court intervened. LGBT advocates leveraged heightened scrutiny to pressure elected officials and convince lower court judges to support the marriage equality cause. In doing so, they shaped the backdrop against which the Court resolved the issue in Windsor, even though the Windsor opinion offered no analysis of heightened scrutiny. Even if, as Klarman suggests, doctrine does little to constrain the Justices in landmark Supreme Court decisions, doctrine plays a significant role outside and below the Court. Ultimately, doctrine shapes the environment that Klarman convincingly shows influences the Justices in cases like Windsor.
Interviews with smokers about smokeless tobacco products, risk messages and news articles

Background Smokeless tobacco (SLT) products and their communication have been topics of discussion in harm reduction debates, but little is known about smokers’ perceptions of existing SLT risk messages. This study aimed to explore smokers’ perceptions of SLT and snus products and news stories with different risk messages about them. Methods We conducted interviews with 30 smokers assigned to read 1 of 3 constructed news stories about SLT and snus with different messages about their risks relative to cigarettes: (1) a ‘favourable’ version (describing SLT/snus as a ‘safer’ smoking alternative); (2) a ‘cautious’ version (describing SLT/snus as having various risks); and (3) a ‘mixed’ version (both stating SLT risks and potential reduced-risk benefits). Results Smokers felt somewhat more informed about snus after article reading and largely found quoted sources to be credible. Though some exposed to favourable SLT/snus messages appeared to modify their beliefs about the products’ acceptability and risks, many were left unchanged given pre-existing SLT risk perceptions influenced by prior SLT warnings, observed effects in known users, and concerns about SLT9s mode of use. Willingness to use/not use snus in the future was also influenced by non-risk-related factors (eg, preference for smoking rituals). Many referenced e-cigarettes as being safer and more attractive smoking alternatives. Conclusions Exposure to reduced-risk SLT information may have some impact on smokers’ SLT perceptions and interest, but this might be limited by a variety of negative SLT beliefs and growth of other smoking alternatives. Future research should explore SLT risk message effects with larger samples and different study designs.
Computed tomographic cardiovascular imaging.

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is a robust technology for the noninvasive assessment of a spectrum of cardiovascular disease processes. This image modality has been used to provide assessment of atherosclerotic plaque burden and coronary artery disease risk through coronary calcium scoring. Although the technology has been clinically available for 20 years,1 cardiologists and even radiologists are largely unaware of its capabilities. This chapter reviews the current clinical uses and describes some of the potential for even greater utility in the near future. Advances in spatial and temporal resolution, electrocardiographic triggering methodology, and image reconstruction software have helped in the evaluation of coronary artery anatomy and vessel patency, providing the ability to noninvasively diagnose or rule out significant epicardial coronary artery disease. Cardiac CT allows the three-dimensional (3D) simultaneous imaging of additional cardiac structures including coronary veins, pulmonary veins, atria, ventricles, aorta, and thoracic arterial and venous structures, with definition of their spatial relationships for the comprehensive assessment of a variety of cardiovascular disease processes.
‘Outsiders’ in Contracts Cases (Mostly Sureties, Assignees, 3rd Party Beneficiaries, Agents, Bankruptcy Representatives): Narrated Multi-Media Electronic Lessons

This is part of a series of about 35 narrated, media rich electronic lessons, lessons contained in self-executing “Flash” (swf/exe) files. Each of the lessons is 20-25 minutes in duration. A copy of this electronic lesson can be found online.
Visual diagnosis: perceived fevers and back pain in a 1-week-old Infant.

1. Delia L. Gold, MD* 1. *Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH. A 7-day-old female infant presents to the emergency department with the complaints of perceived back pain and subjective fevers. Her mother also describes unexplained skin color changes to her infant's back and shoulders. For the past 2 days, the mother had noticed that her infant was fussy and would cry when her back was touched. She has no other systemic symptoms, no sick contacts, and no known history of trauma. The mother has no reported history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection or colonization. This is the first time the mother has sought medical attention for her baby since discharge from the newborn nursery. The child was born by vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery at 39 weeks' gestation and weighed 3.8 kg. Labor had been induced because of maternal preeclampsia. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid was present on delivery. Apgar scores were 3 and 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The infant did not require resuscitation and was admitted directly to the newborn nursery, where she stayed for 3 days. The mother had adequate prenatal care and no serologic evidence of prenatal infections. Of note, because the mother had one prior spontaneous abortion, she had received Rho (D) immune globulin during this pregnancy. Physical examination reveals an afebrile, irritable infant. Examination of the skin demonstrates a warm, confluent, blanching, erythematous, and somewhat purpuric area covering the upper third of her back (Fig. 1). Areas of induration are scattered over the patient's upper back and posterior axillae (Fig. 2). Shotty lymphadenopathy is noted in both axillae. The rest of the physical examination findings are unremarkable. Figure 1. Warm, confluent, blanching, erythematous, and somewhat purpuric area covering the upper third …
Keeping Time: An Introduction to Archival Best Practices for Music Librarians by Lisa Hooper and Donald C. Force

Music libraries and librarians are currently turning their attention to music materials in archives and special collections. Close on the heels of the 2014 publication of its volume Keeping Time: A...
The Power of Oil: The Arab Oil Weapon and the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, and the United States

An extensive literature argues that economic sanctions by themselves do not usually force governments to alter important policies, but the literature does not make it clear why this is true. According to its initiators, the purpose of the 1973–74 Arab oil weapon was to force changes in the policies of states toward the Arab-Israeli conflict. This article examines the responses of the Netherlands, Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan, and the United States to this attempted coercion. The analysis shows that these countries did not significantly alter their policies, apparently because the sanctions were unable to coerce top-level decision-makers and did not create much political pressure on them, a problem shared by most attempts at limited external coercion.
Handling the Neutral Vote in Product Testing

The two methods compared are those apparently most often used for allocating neutral responses into preference responses: (a) equally divide the neutral responses and (b) divide the neutral responses into the preference categories in proportion to the obtained ratio of preferences (hereafter called the proportionate method). Note, however, that there is at least one other method for allocating the neutral response [1] that involves a modification of Thurstone's Law of Comparative Judgment [3]. According to the author, that approach produces results somewhere between the two more commonly used methods.
Prognosis of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Positive Population and Baseline Survey on Their Family Members in Wuhua County

Objective To investigate the prognosis of hepatitis B virus surface antigen(HBsAg) positive population and hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection status among their family members in Wuhua county,thus to provide the scientific basis for control and prevention of hepatitis B.Methods In Jan.2010,serological survey was carried out among family members of HBsAg positive population ascertained in 2006 HBsAg.Indexes pertaining to liver,spleen,gallbladder B ultrasound and liver function were examined among HBsAg positive population and their family members.Results In the original 59 HBsAg positive cases,5 cases turned to negative,with the HBsAg negative conversion rate of 8.47%.The total number HBV carriers was 47(79.66%);and chronic hepatitis B,7 cases(11.86%).The liver function examination showed that: ALT rose in 14 cases(23.73%);AST rose in 15 cases(25.42%).B ultrasound examination showed that 6 cases had fatty liver(10.17%).The 127 family members of 59 original HBsAg positive cases were detected,among which,26 cases were HBsAg positive(20.47%).The transmission route was mainly on positive mother to positive child,and the total number was 12(46.16%).Conclusion The HBV infection rate among HBsAg positive population is somewhat high that expected;the route of transmission is mainly mothers to their offspring,reminding a close watch should be paid on the family members.
A computer-based decision support system aids distribution in planning and control of foodservices.

Three scenarios, developed from typical situations in the foodservice, were simulated on the Sperry 1100/80 computer to illustrate how the decision support system assisted dietitians. The scenarios included an analysis of price changes and discounts from a potential vendor; menu planning and pricing for a holiday dinner for 800 to 900 employees; and a comparison of costs between 1 day of meals for a patient on a general and a diabetic diet. In the analysis of price discounts, 1.5 hours were required for finding an acceptable solution using the decision support system. Prices were changed on 349 ingredients; then matrix multiplication within the decision support system resulted in recosting all menu items with those ingredients and provided new prices for cost per meals. Eight new ingredients, 13 menu items, and 2 menu plans for two different holiday meals were entered into the computer; precise amounts and prices for menu items and meals were obtained in 1 hour. Twelve hours was the minimum time estimated for finding a solution by hand calculations. Time to calculate costs of 27 different menu items for one patient day was estimated to be 9 hours manually. With the decision support system, cost comparisons were available in 1 hour. Both the usefulness and the potential of the decision support system were demonstrated.
Neonatal Spinal Anesthesia

Summary Spinal anesthesia has been practiced in pediatric patients for roughly the same period of time that it has been used in adults. Many different drugs and dosages have been successfully employed, and it appears that spinal anesthesia without sedation may offer real advantages in the premature infant at high risk for postanesthetic apnea. However, avoidance of general anesthesia will not guarantee that a neonate with multiple medical problems will not evidence apnea or other difficulties in the postoperative period, and it is still recommended that postoperative respiratory monitoring be employed in an inpatient setting. The popularity of spinal anesthesia for the “little folk” varies as the wheel of anesthetic practice revolves and the clinical challenges facing the practitioner alter. However, as Corning noted in his early report of a therapeutic cocaine spinal anesthetic, “Whether the method will ever find an application as a substitute for etherization in genitourinary or other branches of surgery, further experience alone can show. Be the destiny of the observation what it may, it has seemed to be, on the whole, worth recording.”12
The Transformation of Ideas: The Origin and Evolution of Punctuated Equilibrium Theory

How do we explain shifts in a less predictable policy process characterized by abrupt policy shifts and long periods of stability? This process of episodic change is the fundamental axiom behind Punctuated Equilibrium Theory (PET). This argument was initially applied to agenda setting, but PET has evolved over the years beyond its origins to include numerous facets of the policy process. Scholars studying attention and framing—critical components of agenda setting, each worthy of individual consideration—have utilized the PET framework to understand how policy is defined. These core components were further disassembled when studies examined the unifying component of information processing. The applicability of PET is not only due to its generalizability, but also due to scholars’ efforts to understand the component parts of PET analysis.
Genomic Scaffold Filling: A Progress Report

The genomic scaffold filling problem has attracted a lot of attention since 2010. The general problem is on filling an incomplete sequence (sequence scaffold) I into \(I'\), with respect to a complete reference genome G, such that the number of adjacencies between G and \(I'\) is maximized. The problem is NP-complete and APX-hard, and admits a 1.2-approximation. In this survey paper, we will first review the progress being made for this setting.
Theory of Lorenz Ratio of Metals and Alloys

The theoretical basis of the Wiedemann-Franz-Lorenz law is reviewed. The Lorenz ratio takes the Sommerfeld value Lo provided (a) the thermal conductivity is electronic (b) the electron gas is highly degenerate and (c) the effective relaxation time is the same for electrical and for thermal conduction. The conditions are discussed for high degeneracy, and for deviations from Lo at high temperatures. It is shown that the relaxation time is unique except for pure metals at low temperatures and cases when electron-electron scattering is important. Corrections for the lattice thermal conductivity are not discussed in detail.
Denominations, Congregations, and Special Purpose Groups

This chapter examines three typical forms of religious organization – congregations, denominations, and religious special purpose groups. Using insights from cultural and ecological theories of organizations, it is argued that religious organizations are always shaped both by their own internal cultural traditions and by the cultural, legal, and other contextual forces of their environments. Internal dynamics include size, resources, race, status, and gender, in addition to the official systems of authority prescribed by religious traditions. All of that exists within a pervasive organizational template that prescribes (through institutional isomorphism) the kinds of activities and functions congregations and denominations are expected to undertake. The external environment includes an organization’s niche in the social and geographic ecology, but it also includes the historical roles and legal regulations that constrain religious organizing. Denominations and religious special purpose groups are institutionalized forms of organization that extend religious work beyond local communities, but they depend on states that are willing to recognize plural and public forms of religious activity. Future research is needed to allow a more thoroughly comparative analysis of the organizational forms of religious life.
Co-producing with consumers: how varying levels of control and co-production impact affect

As companies continue to utilize co-production (customer participation in product or service creation) strategies with consumers, academic researchers have expanded their study on issues related to co-production. However, research has been scant on the issue of control in such situations. The underlying belief in increasing customer participation and involvement is it increases customers’ perceived control, thereby enhancing their experience and outcomes; this belief creates the necessity for further examination of control in co-production environments. This study examines consumers’ affective responses to differing levels of three types of control (cognitive, behavioral, and decisional) in low and high co-production conditions. Using two experimental contexts and one survey study, the results show increasing cognitive control will increase affect when co-production is low. Behavioral control can negatively or positively influence affect depending on specific situational contexts and perceptions of customization in low co-production conditions. Lastly, decisional control is found to be an important positive contributor to affect regardless of co-production level. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Characterization of B12 Deficiency in Patients with Plasma Cell Disorders

Background: Although vitamin B12 deficiency has been reported in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias (PCDs), no mechanism has been identified. Excess free light chains (FLCs), readily measurable by the serum FLC assay since 2001, could disrupt the renal proximal tubule receptors megalin and cubulin where B12 is reabsorbed. We sought to identify risk factors for B12 deficiency in PCD patients to elucidate a possible mechanism. In particular, we hypothesized that rates of B12 deficiency would be higher in PCD patients with higher FLC burdens. Methods: Of 1482 patients with ICD9 codes for PCDs, 530 met the inclusion criteria of having both serum B12 and FLC values. We reviewed the electronic medical records to obtain clinical data collected in the time preceding the patient9s lowest B12 level. Patients were excluded if the lowest B12 was elevated in the setting of known concurrent vitamin B12 replacement therapy. Data from eligible patients were analyzed using chi-square, Student9s independent t test, and Spearman9s rank-order correlation to identify associations between B12 insufficiency (defined as Results: Overall, 26.6% patients were found have vitamin B12 insufficiency. Other than an IgG isotype PCD (P=0.025) there were no significant differences in age, gender, or PCD diagnosis between patients with and without B12 insufficiency (see Table 1). As expected, there was a strong negative correlation between eGFR and involved FLC, r(248) = -0.277, p Discussion: While our data do not appear to support the proposed mechanism of FLC disruption of renal receptors, B12 deficiency was more common in our sample (26.6%) than the previously reported 13.6% prevalence among PCD patients (Baz et al Cancer 2004). While B12 deficiency and PCDs are both associated with higher age, the prevalence of B12 deficiency among older adults is only 10-15% (Baik et al Annu Rev Nutr 1999). Therefore, prospective studies are needed to explore other characteristics of PCD patients, such as chemotherapy treatment (Tandon et al Indian Pediatr 2015) or aspirin use (van Oijen et al Am J Cardiol 2004), contributing to a high prevalence of B12 deficiency in this population. Detection and treatment of B12 deficiency among PCD patients remains clinically important to reduce ensuing sequelae of neurologic dysfunction and cytopenias, which are complications of PCDs and their treatments. Disclosures Chari:Array Biopharma: Consultancy, Other: Institutional Research Funding, Research Funding; Biotest: Other: Institutional Research Funding; Millennium/Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Onyx: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.
Open Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Thoracoabdominal aneurysms are complex and require extensive pre-surgical planning for optimal results. Open repair is the gold standard in patients who can tolerate the surgery. This chapter describes indications, essential steps, variations, and complications of this procedure. and provides a detailed template operative note.
High conversion-gain pixels in a standard CMOS image sensor process

This paper presents a new technique to achieve high pixel conversion gain (CG) in a standard 0.18 um CMOS image sensor process. CG of 121 uV/e- and read noise of 3.2 erms are measured in the prototype sensor.
Multiple output Gaussian process regression algorithm for multi-frequency scattered data interpolation

In recent years, CubeSats have emerged as a platform of intense interest for a wide range of applications, including remote sensing. Of specific interest in this paper are data processing challenges associated with the MIT's Microwave Atmospheric Satellite (MicroMAS). Due to the motion of MicroMAS and the geometry of the data acquisition process, measurements are not collected on a regular grid of spatial locations as required by most applications. Thus, a fundamental problem in processing these data is that of interpolation. The problem is further complicated by the fact that MicroMAS collects data from several frequencies at a single location. A baseline algorithm that can be used to solve this multi-frequency scattered data interpolation problem is to fit data from each frequency via independent Gaussian Process (GP) and apply standard GP regression to estimate unknown data on the regular grid for each frequency separately. However, this approach ignores the correlation between frequencies. From the covariance structure in the aforementioned Independent Multiple output GP Regression (IMGPR) algorithm, we proposed a Correlated Multiple output GP Regression (CMGPR) algorithm which replaces a set of delta vectors with parameterized weight vectors learned from the dataset. To test the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms, we use NOAA's ATMS temperature data. According to the experimental results, the CMGPR algorithm performs better than the IMGPR.
c15-153: Randomized phase IB/II study of enzalutamide with and without ribociclib in patients with metastatic castrate resistant, chemotherapy naïve prostate cancer that retains RB expression.

TPS384Background: Current data suggests RB function is often attenuated in tumors through hyperphosphorylation; thus, RB activity can be “re-awakened” in RB+ tumors by suppressing key kinases that ...
Behavioral Consequences of Neuronal Plasticity following Injury to Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons

Damage to the central nervous system (CNS) can lead to behavioral abnormalities that often abate as the time since injury increases. This phenomenon, recovery of function, has been observed since the relationship between the nervous system and behavior was first recognized (see Rosner, 1974). During the past decade, interest in this recovery process has been renewed by advances in our knowledge of neuronal plasticity in the mammalian CNS. Far from being the static organs once envisaged, the brain and spinal cord can undergo fundamental cellular changes after injury
PROBING THE MECHANISM OF TRANSITION AND TRANSVERSION MUTAGENESIS USING THE PHAGE T4 DNA REPLICATION APPARATUS IN VITRO

ABSTRACT DNA synthesized in vitro by purified rep-lication proteins of phage T4 (p32, 41, 43, 44, 45, 61 and 62) on ∅X174 DNA templates is fully infectious. No increase in the frequency of revertants is seen after extensive duplication in vitro of mutant ∅X DNA tem-plates at any of 4 amber sites. The error rate can be significantly increased by imbalances in the con-centrations of the deoxynucleotide substrates. The increase in the frequency of revertants is linearly related to the ratio of the correct and the incorrect deoxynucleotides. Determination of the DNA sequence of some of the revertants induced in vitro reveals the change at the amber site predicted by the nucleotide bias. Analysis of the efficiencies of different substrate imbalances in producing revertants reveals that (a) AT-GC transitions occur primarily by a G-T mispair (b)AT-CG transversions occur primarily through an A-G mispair as predicted by Topal and Fresco. 1976 (c) Error rate for a given mispair is significantly affected by the neighboring DNA sequence (d) Transitions at any site are more frequent than transversions and (e) At least at some sites on ∅X DNA, the error rate in vitro is comparable to the error rate in vivo.
Acoustic Wave Propagation in Fluids

The classical viscothermal problem of infinitesimal, planar acoustic-wave propagation in a single-component Newtonian fluid is extended to more general multicomponent materials that are diffusive, reacting and viscoelastic. The attenuation and dispersion of the sound wave are determined by solving the linearized (first-order) equations of mass, linear momentum, energy and chemical kinetics. General results are obtained in the form of a biquadratic characteristic equation (called the Kirchhoff-Langevin equation) for the complex propagation coefficient ≁ ≡ - (α + i ω/c), where α is the attenuation coefficient, ⊂ is the phase speed of the progressive wave and ω is the angular frequency.
Resolution of Pain in the Absence of Nerve Regeneration in Small Fiber Neuropathy Following Treatment of Lyme Disease (P06.228)

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of painful small fiber neuropathy associated with Lyme disease, with resolution of pain following antibiotic treatment, in the absence of nerve regeneration. BACKGROUND: Small fiber neuropathy may present with pain and a normal neurological examination. Lyme disease can be associated with cranial neuropathy, polyradiculopathy, plexopathy, polyneuropathy, or mononeuritis multiplex, but has not previously been reported with pure small fiber neuropathy. DESIGN/METHODS: An 83 year old woman presented with a four year history of diffuse burning pain in her face, arms, and legs, and muscle spasms in the legs. Previous evaluations were unrevealing. At presentation the neurological examination and electrodiagnostic studies were normal. Skin biopsy was done to evaluate for small fiber neuropathy. Blood tests were ordered for known causes of neuropathy. RESULTS: Skin biopsy showed significantly reduced epidermal nerve fiber density of 4.8 (nl>5.4) and sweat gland nerve fiber density 27.1 (nl>36.5) at the calf. The patient was seropositive for IgG anti-borrelia antibodies according to the CDC two-tier algorithm, including Western blot reactivity to p18, p28, p30, p39 (BmpA), p41 (FlaB), p58, p66, and p93 protein bands. In addition, there was positive IgG reactivity against p31 (OspA), p34 (OspB), p60, and recombinant VlsE proteins. Tests for other causes of neuropathy were negative. She was then treated with a 40 day course of oral antibiotics for Lyme disease with complete resolution of her neuropathic symptoms. Repeat skin biopsy at 5 months post treatment revealed persistently low epidermal and sweat gland nerve fiber densities. CONCLUSIONS: Painful small fiber neuropathy may be a manifestation of Lyme disease. Antibiotic treatment of Lyme disease can result in resolution of the neuropathic pain symptoms. Response to treatment can occur in the absence of nerve regeneration. Further investigation is needed to understand the associated mechanism. Disclosure: Dr. Feuer has nothing to disclose. Dr. Alaedini has nothing to disclose.
Automatic extraction of the multiple semantic and syntactic categories of words

A single unsupervised algorithm called lexical context deconvolution (LCD) is proposed to discover the semantic categories (senses) of polysemous words (those with more than one meaning) and the syntactic categories (parts of speech) of ambiguous words (those with more than one part of speech), relying solely on training with raw and unannotated text. No dictionaries, part-of-speech lexicons, stop-word lists, etc., are required or used. The knowledge about semantic and syntactic categories is acquired by collecting statistics from the lexical contexts in which words are found. The method first finds compact clusters of semantically similar words, which are assumed to represent the different semantic categories present in training texts. Discovering a given polysemous word's semantic categories is then treated as a problem of deconvolution. A target word's cooccurrence feature vector is assumed to be a linear combination of the categories' cooccurrence feature vectors. Thus a word's semantic categories are discovered by finding the non-negative least-squares solution to the system of linear equations formed by the word's and the categories' cooccurrence feature vectors. Finding syntactic categories of a word is accomplished by changing the word's feature vectors from cooccurrences to n-grams; every other part of the algorithm remains unchanged.
Statistical field theory for polar fluids

Using a variational field-theoretic approach, we derive a theory for polar fluids. The theory naturally accounts for the reaction field without resorting to the cavity construct and leads to a simple formula for the dielectric constant in terms of the molecular dipole moment and density. We apply our formula to calculate the dielectric constants of nonpolarizable liquid models for more than a hundred small molecules without using any adjustable parameters. Our formula predicts dielectric constants of these nonpolarizable liquid models more accurately than the Onsager theory and previous field-theoretic dielectric theories, as demonstrated by the closer agreement to the simulation results. The general theory also yields the free energy, which can describe the response of polar fluids under applied electric fields.
Karp, M. (2016). This Vast Southern Empire: Slaveholders at the Helm of American Foreign Policy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 360 pages.

En This Vast Southern Empire, Matthew Karp se aleja de la historiografia anterior de la esclavitud del Sur antes de la guerra, una historiografia que situa a los esclavistas como anticuados y mirando hacia adentro, y, en cambio, Karp ve una elite esclavista del sur mirando hacia afuera en un intento de consagrar su vision. de la modernidad: una economia mundial basada en el trabajo esclavo. Karp remata su estudio con la emancipacion britanica de las Indias Occidentales en 1833, vista por los surenos como una amenaza global a la proliferacion de la esclavitud, y la creacion y el fracaso final de los Estados Confederados de America, que Karp considera el “proyecto de politica exterior mas audaz todos ”(pag. 2). En esta nueva version, Karp sostiene que, desde 1833 hasta 1861, las elites del sur utilizaron con entusiasmo el poder federal para garantizar la seguridad de la esclavitud, no solo en los Estados Unidos, sino en todo el hemisferio occidental.
Examining the Relation Between Adolescent Social Anxiety and Positive Affect Regulation: Self-Report vs. Observation.

Social anxiety symptomatology is associated with disruptions in positive affect, though no study has examined deficits in responses to positive affect related to adolescent social anxiety symptoms. The present study tested whether adolescents’ self-reported and observed social anxiety symptoms were uniquely associated with specific responses to positive affect. Moreover, we examined whether adolescent gender moderated these relations. Ninety adolescents (ages 11 to 18, Mage = 14.26, SD = 2.03; girls = 62%; white = 79%) completed self-report measures, participated in a social stressor task, and engaged in two positively-valenced interaction tasks with their female caregivers. Adolescent self-reported social anxiety symptoms were not uniquely associated with responses to positive affect. However, observed social anxiety symptoms were uniquely related to greater self-reported inhibiting positive affect responses and fewer observed positive affect maximizing behaviors. These findings highlight the need to examine self-reported and observed social anxiety symptoms in understanding associated disruptions in positive affect regulation.
Machine Learning Overview

Learning denotes the process of acquiring new declarative knowledge, the organization of new knowledge into general yet effective representations, and the discovery of new facts and theories through observation and experimentation. Learning is one of the most important skills that mankind can master, which also renders us different from the other animals on this planet. To provide an example, according to our past experiences, we know the sun rises from the east and falls to the west; the moon rotates around the earth; 1 year has 365 days, which are all knowledge we derive from our past life experiences.
From Aqua Vitae to E85: The History of Ethanol as Fuel

Ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, is one of the most ubiquitous chemical compounds in the history of the chemical sciences. The generation of alcohol via fermentation is also one of the oldest forms of chemical technology, with the production of fermented beverages predating the smelting of metals. By the 12th century, the ability to isolate alcohol from wine had moved this chemical species from a simple component of alcoholic beverages to both a new medicine and a powerful new solvent. The use of alcohol as a fuel, however, did not occur until significantly later periods, the history of which is generally presented as a separate narrative from its initial applications as intoxicating beverages, medicines, or chemical reagents. The current report aims to more firmly connect these two disparate historical accounts, presenting an overview of the history of ethanol from its initial isolation in the 12th century through its current application as a fuel additive for most automotive vehicles in the United States.
SCARLET: Single-cell tumor phylogeny inference with copy-number constrained mutation losses

Motivation: Single-cell DNA sequencing enables the measurement of somatic mutations in individual tumor cells, and provides data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the tumor.
Flash Watermark: An Anticounterfeiting Technique for NAND Flash Memories

This article demonstrates a novel technique for watermarking commercial off-the-shelf NAND flash memory chips. The technique uses repeated program-erase stressing to selectively control the physical properties of the flash cells and hence imprint watermark information into the flash media in an irreversible manner. It is accompanied by a watermark reading method that uses program disturb effects to extract the physical properties of flash memory cells containing watermark. The experimental evaluation, using several commercial flash memory chips, shows that the proposed technique offers robust watermarks that cannot be easily altered using fault injection attacks such as localized heating. We demonstrate a low bit error rate ( $\approx 1$ kb/s) and watermark retrieval ( $\approx 32$ kb/s). The proposed technique does not require any hardware modifications, making it a cost-effective anticounterfeit solution for a wide range of NAND-flash-based storage products.
Finger Gesture Tracking for Interactive Applications: A Pilot Study with Sign Languages

This paper presents FinGTrAC, a system that shows the feasibility of fine grained finger gesture tracking using low intrusive wearable sensor platform (smart-ring worn on the index finger and a smart-watch worn on the wrist). The key contribution is in scaling up gesture recognition to hundreds of gestures while using only a sparse wearable sensor set where prior works have been able to only detect tens of hand gestures. Such sparse sensors are convenient to wear but cannot track all fingers and hence provide under-constrained information. However application specific context can fill the gap in sparse sensing and improve the accuracy of gesture classification. Rich context exists in a number of applications such as user-interfaces, sports analytics, medical rehabilitation, sign language translation etc. This paper shows the feasibility of exploiting such context in an application of American Sign Language (ASL) translation. Noisy sensor data, variations in gesture performance across users and the inability to capture data from all fingers introduce non-trivial challenges. FinGTrAC exploits a number of opportunities in data preprocessing, filtering, pattern matching, context of an ASL sentence to systematically fuse the available sensory information into a Bayesian filtering framework. Culminating into the design of a Hidden Markov Model, a Viterbi decoding scheme is designed to detect finger gestures and the corresponding ASL sentences in real time. Extensive evaluation on 10 users shows a recognition accuracy of 94.2% for 100 most frequently used ASL finger gestures over different sentences. When the size of the dictionary is extended to 200 words, the accuracy is degrades gracefully to 90% thus indicating the robustness and scalability of the multi-stage optimization framework.
Clinician Word Use in Dementia Evaluation Reports as a Function of Cognitive Impairment.

Objectives: To examine the extent to which levels of cognitive status influence patterns of word use in dementia evaluation reports. Methods: We utilized neuropsychological evaluation reports from ...
The ISM Interactions of a Runaway LBV Nebula in the LMC

New observations of the Magellanic Cloud Luminous Blue Variable candidate S119 (HD269687) show the relationship of the star to its environs. Echelle spectroscopy and high-resolution HST imagery reveal an expanding bubble centered on the star. This bubble appears in both Halpha and [NII] and is noticeably brighter on the near (blue-shifted) side. The systemic velocity of both the expanding bubble and the star itself (as seen by the very broad Halpha emission feature in the stellar spectrum) is V_hel=160 km/s whereas the velocity of the superposed LMC ISM is 250-300 km/s. ISM absorption features seen in FUSE spectra reveal components at both stellar and LMC velocities. Thus we conclude that S119 is located within the LMC ISM and that the bubble is interacting strongly with the ISM in a bow shock.
Single-Event Effects Testing of the Renesas ISL70005SEH Dual Output Point-of-Load Regulator

We report the results of destructive and nondestructive single-event effects (SEE) testing of the Renesas ISL70005SEH dual output point-of-load (POL) regulator, which includes a synchronous buck regulator and a low dropout (LDO) regulator in a single integrated circuit. We also provide a brief functional description of the part.
Best Practices for Designing and Implementing NSF S-STEM Scholarship Projects

This Birds-of-a-Feather session is for anyone interested in the NSF Scholarships in STEM (S-STEM) program, including current and former Principal Investigators (PIs) and those planning to apply. The S-STEM program funds scholarships and activities to support low-income, academically talented students in STEM. Any institution of higher education may apply, and the program supports a variety of projects. Designing and implementing a successful S-STEM project is challenging. The goal of this session is to catalyze a community of practice for S-STEM PIs. It will provide an opportunity to discuss lessons learned and best practices for proposal writing, project implementation, and providing student support. Specific topics to be discussed include the following: (1) Understanding the solicitation requirements and common proposal mistakes; (2) Scholar recruitment and data-driven approaches for selection; (3) Cohort building including activities for students from different majors or class years and integration of new students into existing cohorts; and (4) Remediation strategies including proactive interventions and peer support. Session leaders will introduce each topic; participants will then join a breakout group discussion of one topic. Lastly, participants will be invited to join a Slack workspace dedicated to S-STEM best practices and lessons.
CaSR modulates sodium channel-mediated Ca2+-dependent excitability

Increasing extracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]o) strongly decreases intrinsic excitability in neurons but the mechanism is unclear. By one hypothesis, [Ca2+]o screens surface charge reducing voltage-dependent sodium channel (VGSC) activation and by another [Ca2+]o activates Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) closing the sodium-leak channel (NALCN). Here we report that action potential (AP) firing rates increased in wild-type (WT), but not CaSR null mutant (Casr-/-) neocortical neurons, following the switch from physiological to reduced Ca2+-containing Tyrode. However, after membrane potential correction, AP firing increased similarly in both genotypes inconsistent with CaSR regulation of NALCN. Activation of VGSCs was the dominant contributor to the observed increase in excitability. VGSC conductance-voltage relationships were hyperpolarized by decreasing [Ca2+]o for Casr-/- neurons indicating CaSR contributes to [Ca2+]o-dependent excitability via VGSCs. Regulation of VGSC gating by [Ca2+]o is the key mechanism mediating [Ca2+]o-dependent changes in neocortical neuron excitability and CaSR influences neuronal excitability by its effects on VGSC gating.
Why Should Spoken English Skills be Taught

Spoken English has not yet made an integral curricular part of either General English at secondary level or English for Specific Purposes at the tertiary level in India. However, industries and international proficiency tests recognize it as an indispensable demonstrative skill that should be tested for both career and further higher educational purposes globally and nationally. The most valid reason emerging from the academia that it cannot be taught and rather it should be caught as in the case of mother tongue acquisition. Of course, many more reasons are often cited for non-inclusion in the curriculum and they range from pedagogy to administration. English teachers are often in a pedagogical dilemma over the teaching of spoken English skills (SES) and testing and certifying of the same given the large classroom realities with mixed language abilities. This paper addresses the issues related to the teaching of spoken English skills.
Pursued, Besieged by Coronavirus

People in isolation or quarantine, and people confined in nursing homes, insane asylums, prisons, and refugee camps are cut off from the outside world, where the coronavirus invisibly drifts. It besieges our homes. And the virus invades, through heating ducts and on packages delivered. Our home is no longer a refuge of rest, tranquility, substance, and sustenance, no longer the place of hospitality. And the coronavirus pursues the homeless, sleeping in municipal shelters or under bridges and overpasses.
Use and Misuse of Alcohol among Older Women

Older women may be especially at risk for alcohol problems because they are more likely than men to outlive their spouses and face other losses that may lead to loneliness and depression. Physiologically, women are also at greater risk for alcohol-related health problems as they age. Because of these risks, alcohol use recommendations for older women generally are lower than those set for both older men and younger women. Screening and brief intervention may be especially useful in minimizing alcohol problems in older women. Although brief intervention research with this population is limited, the findings are promising.