cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The developing corneal endothelium: Correlation of morphology, hydration and Na/K ATPase pump site density

The physiology and anatomy of the cornea of the New Zealand white rabbit were studied from birth to young adulthood (3 months). The main objective of the study was to follow the ontogeny of the corneal endothelium and correlate its maturation with the establishment of stromal transparency. With maturity, central corneal thickness increases as do corneal diameter and surface area. Endothelial morphology undergoes marked changes including an increase in cell hexagonality and cell surface area, along with a decrease in cell density and coefficient of variation of cell area. Corneal hydration decreases from a high value at birth to the adult level by 20 days after birth, the time of the onset of stromal transparency. By transmission electron microscopy, corneas of newborn rabbits exhibit an endothelium of irregular cell height with some overlap at the bases of adjacent cells. Apical junctions are incomplete in the neonates. With time the endothelium thins and cells becomes more regular in height, overlap of adjacent cells diminishes, and apical junctions develop. Descemet's membrane is thin in newborns and thickens and becomes more homogenous in appearance with maturation. The abundance of Na/K ATPase pump sites per endothelial cell, as determined by 3H-ouabain binding, increases progressively with age even after the establishment of corneal transparency at 20 days. Scatchard and LIGAND analyses of 3H-ouabain binding data indicate that there is a progressive increase in Bmax with no change in the KD from 7 days to 3 months.
Control of Longitudinal Flight Dynamics of a Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle Using Time-Averaged Model and Differential Flatness Based Controller

This paper addresses the issue of flight control of high frequency time-varying dynamics of biologically motivated flapping-wing micro air vehicle (FWMAV). A control scheme based on time-averaging theory is presented for the control of longitudinal dynamics of FWMAV. The time averaging results in a simplified model which approximates the high frequency time varying dynamics of the original system. A differential flatness based non-linear controller is designed for the time-averaged system and successfully applied to the time-varying system for trajectory tracking.
VisGBT: Visually analyzing evolving datasets for adaptive learning

Many machine learning problems involve changes in both feature distribution and label distribution, such as domain adaptation and learning drifting concepts from data streams. Correctly detecting, identifying, and understanding the changes of data distributions can help us properly select data samples or algorithms for learning models. However, since the training datasets are often in high dimensionality and large size, it has been difficult to effectively analyze them. Furthermore, the joint distribution between features and labels makes the problem more difficult to handle. In this paper, we propose a visual analysis method (VisGBT) that combines the gradient-boosting-trees (GBT) modeling method, regression analysis, and multidimensional visualization to capture the mismatches between datasets and models. The GBT model consists of a series of trees with a predefined number of terminal (leaf) nodes per tree. These terminal nodes partition the high dimensional space with a few most informative features to minimize the label prediction error. VisGBT maps various kinds of detailed model information to the terminal node matrix (TNM) and visualizes it with an appropriate design. With this visual analysis method, we can easily find out the detailed differences between datasets with the help of a learned model. We will illustrate the use of various visual patterns and in particular show how this method can help us analyze domain similarity for domain adaptation.
Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia

Sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) is an important cause of morbidity and sudden death in patients with heart disease.1 Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) terminate VT episodes, reducing the risk of sudden death. Recurrent VT develops in 40% to 60% of patients who receive an ICD after an episode of spontaneous sustained VT. A first episode of VT occurs in ≈20% of patients within 3 to 5 years after ICD implantation for primary prevention of sudden death in high-risk groups.2–4 ICD shocks reduce quality of life and are associated with an increased risk of death.2–4 Antiarrhythmic drug therapy with amiodarone or sotalol reduces VT episodes but with disappointing incidence of side effects and efficacy.2 Catheter ablation is useful for reducing VT episodes and can be life-saving when VT is incessant.1,5,6 Idiopathic VTs occur in patients without structural heart disease and rarely cause sudden death. Electrophysiological study with catheter ablation is often warranted to confirm the diagnosis, to provide further evidence for the absence of ventricular scar or other disease, and often to cure the arrhythmia. Ablation is also an option for symptomatic nonsustained VT and frequent ventricular ectopy in these patients.1 The appearance of the VT on ECG often suggests its likely cause and associated heart disease (Figure 1). Monomorphic VT has the same QRS complex from beat to beat, indicating repetitive ventricular activation from a structural substrate or focus that can be targeted for ablation. Most are due to reentry through regions of ventricular scar.7 Figure 1. ECG types of VT and most common causes are shown with characteristic ECG features of selected VTs. LBBB indicates left bundle-branch block; LVOT, LV outflow tract; RBBB, right bundle-branch block; L, left; and R, right. Polymorphic VTs have a changing ventricular activation sequence that can be due to …
Disability and narrative: new directions for medicine and the medical humanities

People with disabilities are a large minority that disproportionately seeks medical care. However, disability is relatively neglected in medical education and practice, and disabled people experience troubling differences and even disparities in healthcare. Practitioners can help improve healthcare for disabled people through disability studies, a multi-disciplinary field of enquiry that draws on the experiences and perspectives of people with disabilities to address discrimination. This article outlines a disability studies perspective on healthcare, specifically the rejection of the medicalisation of disability and difference in favour of an understanding of disability that focuses on social factors that disable, such as stigmatisation and a lack of accommodation. The ‘social model’ of disability can be expanded to chronic illness and to the broader work of the medial humanities. The author argues that narrative, particularly first-person accounts, provide a critical resource by representing the point of view of people with disabilities and by offering a means of examining the social context and social determinants of disability. The author examines specific conventions of narrative, the dominant plotlines such as the triumph over adversity, that predetermine experiences of disability and illness. Through disability studies and critical examinations of narrative informed by disability studies, practitioners can provide better care for patients with disabilities and work as allies towards more equitable relations in the clinic.
Child Abduction, AMBER Alert, and Crime Control Theater:

Intense interest in disturbing child abductions by the mass media, public safety organizations, and the public has helped sustain a socially constructed mythology and sporadic "moral panic" about the presumed pervasiveness of this threat to children. The result has often been reactionary "memorial" legislation enacted in response to sensational cases. A recent example is the America's Missing Broadcast Emergency Response (AMBER) Alert system, which is designed to interrupt serious child kidnappings in progress by soliciting citizen tips to help officials quickly rescue victims. Drawing on available empirical evidence and theoretical considerations, the authors contend that AMBER Alert has not achieved and probably cannot achieve the ambitious goals that inspired its creation. In fact, AMBER Alert is arguably an example of what could be called crime control theater. It is a socially constructed "solution" to a socially constructed problem, enabling public officials to symbolically address an essentially intractable threat. Despite laudable intentions, AMBER Alert exemplifies how crime control theater can create unintended problems, such as public backlash when the theatrical policy fails and a distorted public discourse about the nature of crime. Considerations for the future of AMBER Alert in particular, and the concept of crime control theater in general, are discussed.
Some Directions of Research in Dynamic Programming

Dynamic programming is a mathematical theory devoted to the study of multistage decision processes, and, by the usual mathematical extension, to those problems which can be interpreted to arise from multistage decision processes. In a number of articles, and particularly in four books [1, 2, 3, 4,], we have explored some of the conceptual, analytic, and computational aspects of this new theory, and presented a variety of applications in engineering, economics, operations research, mathematical physics, and in mathematics itself.
Evidence for obstructive etiology in intravenous bacterial pyelonephritis.

Abstract Ultrastructural studies concerned with the initiation of experimental E. coli pyelonephritis have demonstrated that the primary pathology occurs in the proximal tubular cell mitochondria as early as 3 hr following injection with bacteria or bacteria-free toxin. Sequelae of this pathologic change resulted in sloughing of necrotic cellular debris into the tubular lumina within 6 hr and the disappearance of the intraluminal debris by 24 hr. These observations suggest that the primary pathology in the E. coli model of experimental pyelonephritis results from a bacterial toxin capable of damaging tubular cell mitochondria. Intraluminal sloughing of these necrotic cells eventuates in focal obstruction of nephrons rendering this renal segment more vulnerable to infection.
Integration of semantic vision techniques for an autonomous robot platform

The Semantic Robot Vision Challenge is a research competition designed to advance the ability of agent's to automatically acquire knowledge and use this knowledge to identity objects in an unknown and unstructured environment. In this paper, we present a complete design and implementation of a robotic system intended to compete in the Semantic Robot Vision Challenge. The system takes a text input document of specific objects to search an online visual database to find a training image. The system then autonomously navigates through a cluttered environment, captures images of objects in the area, and uses the training images to identify objects found in the captured images. The system is complete, robust, and achieved first place in the 2009 competition.
BEACH AND DUNE RESPONSE TO SEVERE STORMS

A numerical model is developed and applied to estimate the frequency distribution of severe erosion events. The proposed method is an extension of existing Monte Carlo storm surge simulation models. Hurricane and tropical storm meteorological parameters are randomly selected to generate a series of synthetic storms; the storm surge for each storm is estimated using a Bathystrophic storm surge model. The storm surge hydrograph is then used as input to a numerical erosion simulation model which determines beach profile response for each storm based on wave energy dissipation per unit volume as a general erosion forcing mechanism. Five 100-year random simulations are performed from which the return periods of storm surge and erosion, i.e. volume eroded and dune recession, are estimated.
Health Inequalities Among Minority Populations

There are several challenges facing scholars studying health inequalities among minority populations. Primary among these challenges are developing adequate measures of social inequality and introducing appropriate strategies for eliminating health disparities. More research is sorely needed on both of these fronts as evidenced by the health paradox facing black, middle class men and women. This effort, however, can best move the study of health inequalities forward when juxtaposed against theoretical paradigms that embrace the complexity of the intersection of race, class, and gender.
Use of physical and biological process models to understand the performance of tubular anaerobic digesters

Abstract Tubular anaerobic digesters are used in developing countries to produce biogas from livestock waste. In this research, field measurements and physical and biological process modeling studies were used to investigate transport and transformation mechanisms for particulate and soluble organic matter in household-scale tubular digesters in the Monteverde region of Costa Rica. Greater than 75% removal of volatile solids and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) were observed. The high effluent quality was attributed to the formation of a biologically active floccular sludge layer, which allowed for separation of hydraulic and mean cell residence times (HRT and MCRT). A reduced order transport model was developed and validated using field tracer study data. Key assumptions of the reduced order model were verified via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The mean HRT predicted by the reduced order model was 23 days and was in good agreement with the tracer experiment. A simplified floccular sludge biological process model was developed and used to estimate an average MCRT of 115 days. The results showed that household-scale tubular anaerobic digesters can provide enough biogas to meet households’ cooking energy needs, which was consistent with field results. This is the first study to combine mathematical modeling with field studies of tubular anaerobic digester performance.
A novel viscous dissecting gel for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a prospective survival study in a porcine model.

Background and study aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a technically challenging procedure. A novel gel can facilitate ESD due to its submucosal dissecting properties. This prospective porcine survival study evaluated clinical and histologic parameters of hybrid ESD using the gel. Patients and methods: Gastric submucosal lesions were created in six pigs and hybrid ESD was performed. Healing was assessed weekly until necropsy at Day 28. Results: En bloc resection was achieved in all lesions (mean size 40.7 mm). The mean total procedure time was 13.5 minutes and the mean resection time was 5.5 minutes. The mean total histologic injury score was 4. At necropsy, four ulcers had healed completely and two were Conclusion: Hybrid ESD of large gastric lesions in a porcine model can be facilitated by the novel gel, dramatically reducing procedure and resection times by eliminating the need for time-consuming submucosal dissection. The novel gel is safe and easy to use, and has the potential to simplify ESD. Further prospective human studies are needed to validate these findings.
VESICAL DEFENSES AGAINST INFECTION.

The normal urinary tract is protected from infection both by its ability to empty itself and by its intrinsic defense mechanisms. If micturition is abnormal or if reflux occurs, the defense mechanisms are overwhelmed and infection may become established. Restoration of normal voiding and elimination of reflux will allow eradication of infection.
Emerging Role of Aromatase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Breast Cancer

The side effects commonly experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer can challenge many aspects of daily life. Nausea and vomiting, the most common side effects reported by patients, affect the ability to continue with usual life activities and, thus have a pronounced impact on quality of life. This paper reviews studies of the impact of nausea and emesis on quality of life, and highlights the importance of prevention of these side effects by presenting new data on how persistent uncontrolled nausea and vomiting can be. The Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis (MANE) was used to collect information on symptoms experienced by consecutive patients starting chemotherapy between September 1987 and December 1995 at any of 18 geographically diverse member sites of the University of Rochester Cancer Center Community Clinical Oncology Program. Data from 1,413 patients were collected after each of four successive chemotherapy treatments. Reported incidences of posttreatment nausea and posttreatment vomiting after the first treatment were 59.4% and 28.6%, respectively. Occurrence of nausea/vomiting at the first treatment was a strong predictor of nausea/vomiting at later treatments. Of the 839 patients reporting initial nausea, 763 (90.9%) reported nausea at at least one subsequent treatment, and approximately 59% reported nausea after all three subsequent treatments. Fewer than half (45.6%) of the patients who had no nausea at the first treatment developed it later. The majority (72.0%) of patients reporting vomiting at the first treatment also reported subsequent vomiting, 30.7% of whom experienced emesis at all remaining treatments. Conversely, 76.2% of patients who were emesis-free at the first treatment remained so for all later treatments. These findings show a continuing need for further progress in controlling nausea and vomiting, and demonstrate the importance of aggressive nausea/vomiting control at the first treatment. In addition, more emphasis on controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea after its initial occurrence is necessary.
Patient Satisfaction with Medical Student Participation in a Family Practice Clinic

Medical visits frequently include medical students, transforming the role of the patient into a medical educator as well as a person seeking care. Ensuring patient satisfaction with this arrangement is important for maintaining student access to clinical training. This study was conducted in an academic family medicine center where third-year medical students participate directly in outpatient visits. Two hundred twenty-two patients completed a nine-item survey assessing their satisfaction with their medical visits. Satisfaction ratings were compared between those patients that were seen by a medical student prior to seeing their physician and those patients who saw only their physician. Patients who saw both a medical student and their physician reported a higher rate of prolonged visits. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding satisfaction with wait time, satisfaction with time spent with their physician, addressing their medical concerns, or global satisfaction with their visits.
Obstetric and neonatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by hemolysis elevated liver enzymes low platelet count syndrome at a tertiary care centre in India

Background: The hemolysis elevated liver enzymes low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is a serious complication in pregnancy characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count occurring in 0.4 to 0.7% of all pregnancies and in 10-12% of cases with severe preeclampsia. This present study will throw some light on occurrence, diagnosis, complications, treatment, mode of delivery and the neonatal outcome. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM hospital which is a tertiary care centre in Mumbai in the state of Maharashtra India from September 2013 to December 2014 after the approval of institutional ethics committee. The inclusion criteria were only those patients in whom HELLP syndrome was diagnosed on the basis of blood investigations, laboratory parameters and clinical picture. All those patients who did not fulfill the diagnostic criteria for HELLP syndrome were excluded. Results: In our study, according to the Mississippi classification, 15% belonged to class 1, 62% to class 2 and 23% to class 3. The peak age of incidence was 21-30 years (78%) and majority were primigravida (57%). Majority (91%) presented with headache and the other associated complains were epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting and blurring of vision. Only 32% patients presented at term (>37 weeks), 65% patients were at 28-36 weeks of gestation and 3% had very early onset HELLP syndrome. Majority (65%) had severe hypertension (BP>160/110 mm of Hg) with albuminuria of grade +3 to +4. Majority (83%) of the patients were given injection MgSO4 either for prophylaxis or treatment of eclampsia. 65% patients delivered vaginally. 70% were live births, out of which 8% died in the early neonatal period. Severe maternal complications such as eclampsia, hematuria, acute kidney injury, abruption placentae, severe anemia and DIC were seen in 63% patients. 57% of patients were transfused with blood and blood products and 7% required intensive care management. Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach is of utmost importance along with early diagnosis and prompt treatment to prevent the cataclysmic deterioration of patients with HELLP syndrome.
Potentials of SiC as a gyrotron window material

Currently, it appears that CVD diamond, while expensive, is the premier material for use as the output window for high-power, millimeter-wave gyrotrons. Crystalline SiC, which is significantly less expensive, has potential as an alternate material. In this paper, measurements of the permittivity and loss tangent for 6H SiC in the millimeter wave range are presented.
IMPLEMENTING AND SUSTAINING EDUCATIONAL INNOVATIONS

Concerns about the lack of institutional and collegial support for implementing and sustaining educational innovations have frequently been mentioned in various forums at the annual EDiNEB Conferences. This raises two questions: (1) Is there, in fact, a lack of support for educational innovation? and (2) If so, why is there a lack of support? One possible answer is that these concerns reflect an organizational change process gone awry. However, little seems to have been done to systematically and formally document the educational innovation process from the perspective of managing organizational change, let alone systematically exploring how the change process has gone awry. This chapter seeks to examine the implementation and sustainability of educational innovations by adapting Kurt Lewin’s (1951) three-phase model of change (i.e., unfreezing, change, and refreezing). The Lewinian model is widely accepted in the organizational change and development (OCD) discipline, with applications existing in many different business and institutional settings (see for example: Argyris, 1970; Beer & Walton, 1990; Bertsch & Williams, 1994; Cummings & Worley, 1997; McWhinney, 1989;
Using an Education Intervention to Increase Preparedness Among Pet Owners: Results of a Pilot Study.

Objectives Households with pets are considered a high-risk population, presenting many challenges to response and recovery efforts. Research indicates that households with pets are less likely to evacuate during disasters, and pets left behind pose a health risk to relief workers and the general public. This pilot study explores a brief education intervention targeting households with pets as a method of increasing general household preparedness, with the purpose of facilitating evacuation and protective behaviors in this population. Methods A convenience sample of households with pets was recruited to participate in a one-group pre- and post-survey design evaluating the impact of a brief education intervention on increasing pet-specific and general household preparedness levels. Results Results suggest that the sample population was below national estimates in basic household preparedness before the intervention. Post-survey results indicate an increase in completion of some preparedness tasks after the intervention. There was a statistically significant increase in overall pet preparedness at the P=0.10 level; however, that difference did not translate into general household preparedness. Conclusion The findings from this study are consistent with those from previous literature suggesting that persons often place the needs of their pets above their own; however, the use of a brief education intervention may be successful in increasing pet-specific preparedness levels, which may be useful in successful evacuation and pet well-being. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:441-445).
Isolation of Forssman Hapten From Erythrocytes

Forssman (1911) showed that guinea pig organs contain an antigen which produces sheep hemolysins if injected into rabbits. It has been shown since that time that similar heterophile antigens are present not only in a rather wide variety of different animal species, but also in some bacteria. Those animals which do not have these heterophile antigens will produce antibodies which react with Forssman antigens of all different sources. Although these antigens show a wide cross-reactivity, it is not known whether their chemical structure is identical in all species. Attempts to isolate and purify the antigens from these tissues showed that a hapten can be dissociated easily from a nonspecific carrier (Sordelli et al., 1921). This hapten reacted with Forssmann antibodies, but did not induce antibody production. It was first thoroughly investigated by Landsteiner and Levene (1925). Papirmeister and Mallette (1955) isolated this material from sheep red blood cells. The isolation of a water-soluble Forssman hapten was published by Rapp and Borsos (1966).
Is Rapid Recovery Hip and Knee Replacement Possible and Safe in the Octogenarian Patient

Abstract Background Rapid recovery programs are now aimed to reduce costs of hip and knee arthroplasties by discharging patients directly home, shortening hospital length of stay (LOS), and reducing readmission rates. Although patients aged 80 years and older are included in the Medicare bundle, little work has been performed to determine if older patients can safely participate in rapid recovery programs. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 2482 patients undergoing primary and revision total hip and knee arthroplasties (THA and TKA) who all participated in a multifaceted rapid recovery program. The goals of this program were next day discharge to home without the use of home services or post-acute care admission. We examined the hospital LOS and the percentage of patients discharged home as well as 90-day readmission rates to determine efficacy and safety of this program in the patients aged 80 years and older. Results Octogenarians receiving primary THA and TKA were discharged home >90% of the time with LOSs Conclusion Patients aged more than 80 years can successfully and safely participate in rapid recovery programs.
Serum blood metabolite response and evaluation of select organ weight, histology, and cardiac morphology of beef heifers exposed to a dual corticotropin-releasing hormone and vasopressin challenge following supplementation of zilpaterol hydrochloride,

The objectives of this study were 1) to determine if supplementation of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) altered select organ weights, histology, and cardiac anatomical features at harvest and 2) to determine if administration of a corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin (VP) challenge following 20 d of ZH supplementation altered the blood chemistry profile in cattle. Crossbred heifers ( = 20; 556 ± 7 kg BW) were randomized into 2 treatment groups: 1) control (CON), without ZH, and 2) zilpaterol (ZIL; ZH at 8.33 mg/kg [DM basis] for 20 d). On d 20 of supplementation, heifers were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters. On d 24, starting at 0800 h and continuing until 1600 h, blood samples were collected at 60-min intervals. At 1000 h, heifers received an i.v. bolus of CRH (0.3 µg/kg BW) and VP (1.0 µg/kg BW) to activate the stress axis. Serum was separated and stored at -80°C until analyzed for a large-animal chemistry panel. Following the CRH/VP challenge, heifers were harvested on d 25, 26, and 27 (5, 6, and 7 d after ZH supplementation); BW, HCW, select organ weights, and histology were measured, and a total heart necropsy was performed. A treatment effect ( ≤ 0.02) was observed for Ca, K, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and sorbitol dehydrogenase. Zilpaterol-fed heifers had decreased ( ≤ 0.02) concentrations of Ca and K and increased concentrations ( 0.01) of creatinine ( = 0.02) during the CRH/VP challenge when compared to control heifers. Control heifers had greater ( ≤ 0.05) alkaline phosphatase and sorbitol dehydrogenase concentrations when compared with ZIL heifers. A treatment × time interaction ( = 0.02) was observed for P; concentrations were similar between treatments from -2 to 6 h postchallenge, and 7 h postchallenge CON heifers had decreased P. Liver ( = 0.06) and kidney ( = 0.08) weights as a percentage of BW tended ( ≤ 0.08) to be reduced in ZIL heifers. Gross liver weights tended ( = 0.08) to be lower in ZIL heifers. Other organ (heart, lung, adrenals) to BW ratios remained similar ( ≥ 0.41). These data suggest that there are some variations observed between treatments in terms of response to ZH supplementation and the CRH/VP challenge; however, in the environmental conditions of this study, limited variation in blood metabolic responses and organ weights suggests that the supplementation of ZH did not detrimentally alter the physiology of cattle.
Non-Communio Trinitarian Ecclesiology: Furthering Neil Ormerod's Account

As a corrective for the idealizing, romanticizing, and universalizing tendencies of communio ecclesiology, Neil Ormerod recently proposed an alternative non-communio trinitarian approach based on t...
Adaptive manycore architectures for big data computing: Special session paper

This work presents a cross-layer design of an adaptive manycore architecture to address the computational needs of emerging big data applications within the technological constraints of power and reliability. From the circuits end, we present links with reconfigurable repeaters that allow single-cycle traversals across multiple hops, creating fast single-cycle paths on demand. At the microarchitecture end, we present a router with bi-directional links, unified virtual channel (VC) structure, and the ability to perform self-monitoring and self-configuration around faults. We present our vision for self-aware manycore architectures and argue that machine learning techniques are very appropriate to efficiently control various configurable on-chip resources in order to realize this vision. We provide concrete learning algorithms for core and NoC reconfiguration; and dynamic power management to improve the performance, energy-efficiency, and reliability over static designs to meet the demands of big data computing. We also discuss future challenges to push the state-of-the-art on fully adaptive manycore architectures.
Trends of Sustainable Development Among Luxury Industry

The luxury sector is a well-established global industry worth approximately US$200 billion a year; although successful, the luxury market is quietly being re-framed to align with key and emerging trends in the industry. The concept of sustainability is gaining increased attention by the industry and consumers. Many companies including H&M, Levi’s, and Nike have already incorporated sustainable development and supply chain partner that focus on sustainability into their business models. Sustainability being inconsistent with value associated with the luxury sector, which is a leading sector known for high margins and social reputation, reports have criticized luxury brands for lagging behind others with regard to sustainable development. Considering their ‘value network’ in a conventional way and ignoring emerging needs and social conditions may be the reasons why the existing luxury companies have not adopted sustainability practices more quickly. Under increasing pressure to implement sustainable development throughout the industry, some new luxury entrepreneurs are emerging with remarkable perspectives on sustainable development. They break the traditional business innovation known to the luxury sector and are implementing the concept of sustainable development as a direction in their business strategies. In addition, they are moving toward developing a circular economy to realize ‘sustainability’ in their supply chains. In this chapter, redefinition of luxury, trends in the luxury market, adoption of sustainability among luxury brands and consumers, disruptive business model innovation, and the circular economy are discussed. At last, a case study on sustainable luxury swimwear entrepreneurs is presented.
The Story of the Wyoming Carbon Underground Storage Project (WY-CUSP), and the Regional Inventory and Prioritization of Potential CO2 Storage Reservoirs in Wyoming

The Wyoming Carbon Underground Storage Project (WY-CUSP) is a statewide effort to identify, inventory, prioritize, and characterize the most outstanding CO2 storage reservoirs and the premier storage site in Wyoming. The WY-CUSP project is managed by the Carbon Management Institute (CMI) at the University of Wyoming with support from the US Department of Energy, State of Wyoming, and industrial partners. In its search for an optimum carbon dioxide storage reservoir in Wyoming, CMI first inventoried and examined the state’s hydrocarbon reservoirs, for these are reservoirs with proven fluid storage capacity. The inventory and prioritization of storage reservoirs and storage sites was based on the following criteria: (1) thickness, areal extent, and petrophysical properties of the reservoir rocks, (2) presence of a fluid trap and adequate confining layers, (3) suitable temperature, pressure, and rock/fluid chemistry regimes, (4) salinity of the formation fluids in the storage reservoir rocks, and (5) volumetrics of the storage site. It became apparent that the Mississippian Madison Limestone and Pennsylvanian Weber/Tensleep Sandstone were the highest-priority potential CO2 storage stratigraphic intervals, and that the Rock Springs Uplift (RSU) in southwestern Wyoming was the premier CO2 storage site in the state. A drill site on the northeastern flank of the RSU was highly prospective in offering high-quality reservoir rock at a depth that provides sufficient temperature and pressure for carbon dioxide storage. A very-large-scale, large-capacity trap on the RSU has several competent sealing rock units, and available data show that the reservoir rocks contain very saline formation water. Abundant sources of carbon dioxide are nearby, notably the Jim Bridger Power Plant.
Tropospheric Forcing of the Middle Atmosphere

The importance of tropospherically forced waves in determining both the climatological mean state and the disturbance structure of the middle atmosphere is discussed. Some of the essentials of gravity waves, planetary waves, and equatorial circulations are presented. This is done by appealing to basic physical principles, using as little mathematics as possible.
The Release of Iodine from Iodide Salts by Gamma Radiolysis

Gamma irradiation was found to release iodine in small amounts from powdered samples of cesium iodide and barium iodide, but not from zirconium iodides. The amount of iodine released was measured using silver foil detectors in sealed capsules that contained the salt. The amount of release was markedly affected by impurities, especially water, that were difficult to control; therefore, G values calculated were inaccurate but of the order of 10/sup -3/ atoms of iodine released for 100 eV of energy absorbed for CsI and BaI/sub 2/ near room temperature. The G values for the zirconium iodides were much smaller. The phenomenon of release of iodine from the ionic iodides by gamma radiation is discussed on the basis of published theories of the formation of defects in solids.
THERMAL EXPANSION OF INTERLAYER WATER IN CLAY SYSTEMS. II. EFFECT OF CLAY COMPOSITION

The specific expansibility (∂v w /∂T) p of the interayer water in five Na-saturated montmorilltonites of different composition was determined as a function of temperature, T, at a water content of 4.0 gm/gm of montmorillonite. It was found that (∂v w /∂T) p =A+B/T 2 where A and B depend on the composition of the. montmorillonite. It necessarity follows that the temperture of maximum density, at which (∂V w /∂T) p = 0, also depends on composition. Since the composition of montmorillonite is altered by tonic substitutions which affect its cotton exchange capacity and/or the b-dimension of its unit cell, a multiple liner regression analysis was performed with [∂v w /∂T) p , cation exchange capacity and b-dtmension ah valuables. As a result, (∂v w /∂T) p was found to be a linear function oh the other two variables. Since (∂v w /∂T) p should be a function of the b-dimension of the montmorillonite only of an epitaxial association exists between the montmorillonite and water, this finding was regarded as evidence in favor of such an association.
Location of the Keratan Sulfate Attachment Sites in the Hyaluronate Binding Region of the Proteoglycan, Aggrecan

Publisher Summary This chapter presents a study examining location of the keratan sulfate (KS) attachment sites in the hyaluronate binding region (HAABR) of the proteoglycan, aggrecan. HABR from pig laryngeal cartilage was isolated and digested, and the peptides were separated. The KS-containing peptide was isolated by virtue of its high molecular weight relative to other glycosylated and nonglycosylated peptides. It was detected by its positive reaction in ELISA assays using monoclonal antibody 5D4. The peptide was coupled to arylamine-PVDF using (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC). The membrane was washed with 0.1% aqueous TFA to remove uncoupled material. The membrane was cut into small pieces and placed directly into the standard reaction cartridge, without a glass fiber filter. Tryptic digestion of the aggrecan HABR followed by gel permeation chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC indicated that all the highly sulfated KS in the HABR was in a single tryptic peptide from the C-terminal of the domain. The 27-residue peptide had a high molecular weight (8–15 kDa) as a result of the KS GAG chain(s).
Abstract 115: Microrna-30c Reduces Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis by Decreasing Lipid Synthesis and Lipoprotein Secretion

Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Overproduction of lipoproteins, a process critically dependent on microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), can contribute to hyperlipidemia. We have shown that hepatic over expression of miR-30c reduces MTP mRNA, protein and activity. Further, MTP mRNA is degraded faster due to the binding of miR-30c to its 3[[Unable to Display Character: ΄]]-UTR. miR-30c lowers plasma cholesterol by reducing production of triglyceride-rich apoB-containing lipoproteins; a phenotype most likely secondary to lower MTP expression. It also reduces de novo lipogenesis by targeting other genes such as LPGAT1. Additionally, atherosclerotic plaques are smaller in Apoe -/- mice expressing miR-30c. Taken together, we have provided evidence that high miR-30c levels reduce plasma lipids and atherosclerosis and avoids steatosis by regulating different sets of genes.
A multi-stage stochastic program for evacuation management under tornado track uncertainty

Abstract This paper introduces a multi-stage optimization model that identifies an optimal evacuation plan in response to spatial-temporal weather-events with track uncertainty. We establish how a multi-stage model can effectively take into account track uncertainty to generate a better evacuation plan. In particular, we study evacuation management for hazardous convective weather events (e.g., tornadoes) that cause hundreds of fatalities in the US every year. The common practice against a tornado threat is shelter-in-place. In our computational results, we quantify the benefits and costs of evacuation as a response policy in comparison to the status quo policy, i.e., shelter-in-place.
Beyond "thank you": recommended modalities for meaningful civilian-military discourse

While numerous studies explore veteran and current military member reintegration challenges from a psychological or sociological perspective, few have examined the impact of discourse on the ability to locate a post-service or post-deployment identity within larger society. To that end, this research investigates veterans’ and active duty military members’ interpretations of the ritualistic expression of “thank you for your service,” and other public acknowledgments and disclosures of their military service. This paper describes two studies each employing qualitative and quantitative methodologies for data analysis and verbatim transcriptions are interwoven throughout the corresponding results sections to support the qualitative findings. The multi-methodological application of focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth personal interviews revealed that “thank you for your service” was regarded by study populations as an injunctive norm that frequently elicited feelings of awkwardness, objectification, impostor syndrome, and even resentment. Further, study subjects expressed a general unwillingness to disclose their military service with anyone beyond their self-ascribed ingroup, demonstrating an underlying fear of being labeled as either a hero or victim. To explain their responses and their fears, this paper proposes the hyper-humility model, which describes the confluence of sense of duty, guilt, and/or shame from a perceived comparative lack of hardship or elevation to the standing of those perceived as more deserving, and acute manifestation of imposter syndrome. Lastly, this paper offers a path toward more meaningful civilian-military interaction, by broadening discourse to include more personalized, genuine dialogic exchanges.
Spatial and temporal uncertainty in climatic impacts on watershed systems.

Abstract Evaluating the uncertainty of climatic impacts on watershed systems is critical in planning for water supplies, water allocation, and demand at multiple scales. With the increasing frequency of water crises worldwide, understanding the nature of climatic impacts along spatial and temporal dimensions is vital to the development of timely, and spatially relevant mitigation options. This study aims to quantify the nature of hydrologic uncertainties at a spatial and temporal dimension in a regional watershed system under scenarios of varying climatic uncertainties. Watershed-wide impacts of climate change under uncertain future scenarios are modeled with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the Connecticut River Watershed of northeastern USA. Changes in watershed flows are quantified for at subbasin scale. The results show that uncertainty in climate change, primarily through variability in precipitation and temperature can lead to spatial and temporal uncertainty in hydrologic processes in the watershed system. In general, the results show that uncertainty in climate can significantly impact the spatial and temporal characteristics in runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration, and water yield of watershed systems. Strategies to enhance watershed resilience to climatic uncertainty need dynamic information on the vulnerability. Spatial and temporal strategies for adaptation to climatic change conditions could include forest cover and management practices in sensitive locations at local and regional scales.
Doctoral Student-Adviser Relationships in the United States: International Engineering Students’ Perspective

Using a phenomenological research approach, this study uncovers the commonalities of the relationship between international engineering doctoral students and their advisers in the universities of the United States. It discusses how the advising relationship affects the continuation as well as the completion of doctoral studies of international doctoral students in U.S. engineering schools.
The global distribution of sulfate aerosols calculated with the GRANTOUR/ECHAM coupled model

Publisher Summary The interactions between aerosols and other atmospheric constituents and properties are complex and diverse. While dust, sea-salt particles, inorganic carbonaceous aerosols, and biomass material may be important in some situations and locations, sulfate aerosols usually have the largest impact. Therefore, knowledge of the spatial distribution of natural and anthropogenic sulfate aerosols is important. The effects of sulfate aerosols on global climate can be both direct, by scattering of solar radiation, and indirect, through alteration of the cloud droplet size distribution, which enhances the back-scattering of solar radiation by clouds and perhaps alters the life cycle of clouds. The resultant negative climate forcing is significant and tends to counteract the warming associated with increased greenhouse gases. However, since the distribution of sulfate aerosols is regionally inhomogeneous, the pattern of forcing is quite different from greenhouse gas warming. Changes induced in the cloud droplet size distribution can affect global temperature and precipitation patterns producing feedback between aerosols and climate.
Educating the next generation of nurses to be innovators and change agents

With over 4 million nurses in the United States and an ever changing health care environment, undergraduate nursing faculty must consider proactively educating students on essential principles of innovation within the core curriculum. New nurses must be prepared to identify and facilitate innovations to enhance patient and populations outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to describe an approach to prepare the next generation of registered nurses to be innovators and change agents through a Health Care Innovation Program within an undergraduate nursing program. The paper describes the importance of innovations within nursing and provides details on the curriculum and approach used to incorporate health care innovations content and application. Examples of health care innovation student projects are provided. An evaluation of the program after three years of implementation assessed graduates' use of taught innovation principles and their own innovative behaviors. The majority of graduates described using innovation principles taught in the Program and scored high on innovation self-efficacy. Graduates with higher average innovation scores were more likely to engage in innovative behavior. A national conversation is encouraged to ensure our educational programs are effectively preparing the future generation of nurses to be innovators and change agents.
Thermographic Quantification for Archaeological Prospection at Picuris Pueblo, New Mexico

This paper contributes to advancing thermal remote sensing for archaeological research. It proposes a new quantitative analysis of thermal imagery for subsurface feature prospection. Modern research trends and existing thermal remote sensing methods in archaeology are examined. Expanding on these methods, this study explores a new thermal imagery processing workflow with spatiotemporal variables extracted from a time series of thermal orthophotos. This proposed thermographic quantification enhances the thermal signature of subtle subsurface features on site, allowing undocumented structural features to be identified. This workflow is applied in a case study at Picuris Pueblo, New Mexico. Multi-temporal thermal signatures are processed using an original image differencing method. Using known subsurface features as training data, the thermal signatures of uninvestigated areas are classified to identify probable subsurface architectural features. The case study demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed thermal imagery processing method for subsurface feature detection and archaeological prospection. This method provides a nondestructive approach to studying Picuris Pueblo and similar occupation sites across archaeological landscapes, allowing contemporary research questions to be addressed.