cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Competition and Cooperation among Relational Memory Representations.

Mnemonic processing engages multiple systems that cooperate and compete to support task performance. Exploring these systems’ interaction requires memory tasks that produce rich data with multiple patterns of performance sensitive to different processing sub-components. Here we present a novel context-dependent relational memory paradigm designed to engage multiple learning and memory systems. In this task, participants learned unique face-room associations in two distinct contexts (i.e., different colored buildings). Faces occupied rooms as determined by an implicit gender-by-side rule structure (e.g., male faces on the left and female faces on the right) and all faces were seen in both contexts. In two experiments, we use behavioral and eye-tracking measures to investigate interactions among different memory representations in both younger and older adult populations; furthermore we link these representations to volumetric variations in hippocampus and ventromedial PFC among older adults. Overall, performance was very accurate. Successful face placement into a studied room systematically varied with hippocampal volume. Selecting the studied room in the wrong context was the most typical error. The proportion of these errors to correct responses positively correlated with ventromedial prefrontal volume. This novel task provides a powerful tool for investigating both the unique and interacting contributions of these systems in support of relational memory.
Disinfection practices in intravenous drug administration.

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a feedback intervention on adherence to disinfection procedures during intravenous medication preparation and administration. We found that full adherence to the protocols significantly improved from 7.3% to 21.5% ( P P = .012) regarding medication administration. However, disinfection practices still need improvement.
Quantum dynamical calculation of bound rovibrational states of HO2 up to largest possible total angular momentum, J ≤ 130.

In a previous article [J. Theor. Comput. Chem. 2010, 9, 435], all rovibrational bound states of HO2 were systematically computed, for all total angular momentum values J = 0–10. In this article, the high-J rovibrational states are computed for every multiple-of-ten J value up to J = 130, which is the point where the centrifugal barrier obliterates the potential well, and bound states no longer exist. The results are used to assess the importance of Coriolis coupling in this floppy system and to evaluate two different J-shifting schemes. Though not effective for multiply vibrationally excited bound states, vibrational-state-dependent J-shifting obtains modestly accurate predictions for the lowest-lying energies [J. Phys. Chem. A 2006, 110, 3246]. However, much better performance is obtained—especially for large J values, and despite substantial Coriolis coupling—using a second, rotational-state-dependent J-shifting scheme [J. Chem. Phys. 1998, 108, 5216], for which the rotational constants themselves depen...
Physical Activity and Cognitive Trajectories in Cognitively Normal Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: Longitudinal Findings from the Adult Children Study (S24.002)

Objective: To examine the association between physical activity levels and cognitive functioning over 1-6 years of follow-up in a sample of cognitively normal healthy middle-aged and older adults. We hypothesized that higher levels of physical activity would be associated with better cognitive performance at baseline and on subsequent follow-up assessments. Background As Alzheimer9s disease research shifts focus from curative treatments to prevention measures, physical activity has become an area of interest. There is emerging evidence suggesting that increased physical activity may protect against cognitive decline, the primary symptom of Alzheimer9s disease. In the existing literature on physical activity and dementia risk, most of the studies are cross sectional, and use measures that assess general cognitive functioning. It was our aim to strengthen the findings of previous cross-sectional studies by using a large sample and an increased number of sensitive cognitive tests, and also to show that these effects can be seen longitudinally. Design/Methods: One-hundred seventy-three middle-aged and elderly (mean age 60.7 +/- 8 years) cognitively normal participants (Clinical Dementia Rating of 0) completed a self-report measure of physical activity derived from the Nurses9 Health Study Exercise Questionnaire and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests, including measures of processing speed, basic attention, executive functioning, and episodic memory. Cross-sectional data were analyzed with hierarchical linear regression modeling, and longitudinal data were analyzed with linear mixed modeling. Results: In our cross sectional analyses, we found that higher physical activity levels were significantly associated with better performance on tests of processing speed, executive functioning, and verbal episodic memory. However, levels of physical activity had no significant associations with cognitive functioning over 1-6 years of follow-up. Conclusions: Our results suggest that physical activity levels do not predict cognitive trajectories in middle aged and older cognitively normal populations. Supported by: National Institute on Aging grants: P50 AG05681, P01 AG03991, and P01 AG026276; the Charles and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Research Initiative of the Washington University Alzheimer9s Disease Research Center, St. Louis, MO. Disclosure: Dr. Pizzie has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hindman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Roe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Head has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grant has received research support from Pfizer Inc. Dr. Morris has received personal compensation for activities with AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Elan Pharmaceuticals, Genentech, Inc., Eli Lilly & Company, Merck & Co., Inc., Novartis, Otsuka, Pfizer Inc, Schering Plough Corporation, and Wyeth. Dr. Morris has received research support from Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Program, Eli Lilly & Company, and Pfizer Inc. Dr. Hassenstab has nothing to disclose.
Building the local food movement in Chiapas, Mexico: rationales, benefits, and limitations

Tinker Foundation; SBSRI Pre-Doc Graduate Research Grant Program; AAG Latin America Specialty Group; Foreign Language and Area Studies (FLAS) Summer Fellowship
Confinement of Ruthenium Oxides Volatilized during Nuclear Fuels Reprocessing

While many materials have been suggested and employed as trapping agents for gaseous oxides of fission product ruthenium volatilized during nuclear fuels reprocessing, none that is known to form thermodynamically stable compounds with rutheniunm has been utilized. We have employed alkaline earth metal compounds for this purpose because of their ability to form stable mixed metal oxide phases with ruthenium. Results of experiments in which RuO/sub 4/ was volatilized from either a solid source (RuO/sub 2/.xH/sub 2/O) or from solution (Ru(NO)(NO/sub 3/)/sub 3/) in HNO/sub 3/ and passed through beds of alkaline earth metal carbonates and calcium oxide held at 600 to 750/sup 0/C have demonstrated that compounds of formulation MRuO/sub 3/ (M = calcium, strontium, barium) are formed. Under oxidizing conditions, these materials exist as stable ceramic phases, whereas under reducing conditions, they are transformed into intimate mixtures of the alkaline earth metal oxide and nonvolatile ruthenium metal.
General principles in the diagnosis and treatment of vulvar diseases.

This article delineates general diagnostic, medical, and surgical management strategies in vulvar diseases. Because of the special anatomy and function of this region of the body, as well as the sexual and psychological aspects that accompany these disorders, physicians must show understanding.
Predicting Moves-on-Stills for Comic Art Using Viewer Gaze Data

Comic art consists of a sequence of panels of different shapes and sizes that visually communicate the narrative to the reader. The move-on-stills technique allows such still images to be retargeted for digital displays via camera moves. Today, moves-on-stills can be created by software applications given user-provided parameters for each desired camera move. The proposed algorithm uses viewer gaze as input to computationally predict camera move parameters. The authors demonstrate their algorithm on various comic book panels and evaluate its performance by comparing their results with a professional DVD.
Focal Concerns, Race & Sentencing of Female Drug Offenders

The increase of female incarceration in the United States over the past decade has be­come a cause for concern. This increase differs across racial groups, with black women disproportionately more likely to be incarcerated and to receive longer sentences. In the current study, we modify the ''focal concerns" perspective developed by Steffensmeier et al. (1998) to explain the high incarceration rate for black males. We hypothesize that the sentencing disparity between black women and white women is at least partially due to perceived violations of traditional gender norms, an "evil woman" explanation. To test this, we examined the effects of legal and extralegal variables on sentence lengths in a sample of incarcerated drug offenders in Oklahoma. Legal factors such as prior incar­ceration and related factors such as employment were predictors of sentence lengths for white women, but not for black women. Instead, self-reported use of crack cocaine was associated with longer sentences for the black offenders despite the fact that white of­fenders were almost as likely to report use of crack. For both groups, trial by jury was associated with longer sentences, but more so for black women, providing some support for the "evil woman" focal concern.
New rotating disk hematite film electrode for riboflavin detection

Abstract The motivation for this work was to develop and test a hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) film electrode for the detection of riboflavin using a less common preparation with rotating disk electrode linear sweep voltammetry. Two types of hematite electrodes were prepared, with a differential method and a one-step method (quicker preparation), and bare glassy carbon electrodes were used for comparison. The differential and one-step hematite electrodes were tested for cyclic voltammetry stability. Colloidal hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) was synthesized from iron nitrate nonahydrate from a two-line ferrihydrite transition and characterized with X-ray powder diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Both hematite film electrodes were prepared using a three-electrode electrochemical cell and rotating disk voltammetry. Rotating disk hematite electrode stability was demonstrated for up to 1000 cyclic voltammetry scans. A single use of the rotating disk hematite film electrode was shown to demonstrate quantitatively the detection of riboflavin reduction peaks with optimized differential square wave voltammetry. The limits of detection for the glassy carbon and rotating disk hematite film electrodes for riboflavin are 0.0028 ± 0.0009 mM and 0.0084 ± 0.0009 mM, respectively. The detection linear range for the glassy carbon and rotating disk hematite film electrodes is 0.0013–0.1 mM riboflavin. The sensitivities of the one-step and differential rotating disk hematite film electrodes are 0.216 ± 0.001 μA/μM and 0.27 ± 0.02 μA/μM riboflavin, respectively. The sensitivity of the bare glassy carbon electrode is 0.144 ± 0.003 μA/μM riboflavin.
Analysis of National Weather Service Stage Forecast Errors

AbstractThis paper explores the skill of river stage forecasts produced by the National Weather Service (NWS). Despite the importance of the verification process in establishing a reference that allows advancement in river forecast technology, there is relatively little literature on this topic. This study aims to contribute to this subject. The study analyzed the North Central River Forecast Center’s river stage forecasts for 51 gauges in eastern and central Iowa between 1999 and 2014. The authors explored forecast skill dependence characteristics such as upstream area, water travel time, and the number of gauges located upstream of each forecasting point. They also assessed the influence of rainfall uncertainty on stage error by examining the relationship between the forecast skill and its antecedent 24-h observed rainfall. The results show that when using persistence as a reference for comparison with NWS actual forecasts, the NWS forecasts are better for predictions below and above flood stage. The di...
Culture and instruction in the Spanish heritage language classroom

Since cultural competence is inherent to language acquisition, it should take a central role in heritage language courses so that heritage language learners (HLLs) can make connections with their own culture and be aware of the diversity of the Spanish-speaking world. This article presents an overview of the instruction and assessment of culture to promote critical thinking and reflection in order to reduce stereotypes and to validate the cultural heritage of HLLs. The current role of study abroad and service-learning to teach culture in the Spanish heritage language classroom is also discussed.
Approaches to the measurement of childhood mortality: a comparative review.

In the developing world measures of child mortality are needed for a variety of purposes and estimates of child mortality can be obtained by a variety of approaches. In this paper the author reviews the characteristics that child mortality measures should have for particular purposes and then examines the available measurement approaches to determine the extent to which they provide accurate measures with the required characteristics. Particular emphasis is put on the comparative performance of different approaches in different settings to produce estimates of recent levels and trends in child mortality. He concludes that no single approach can satisfy all measurement purposes and that all approaches are sensitive to the quality of data collection but that many needs can be met by relatively inexpensive data collection and analysis methods. (EXCERPT)
Extent of Lymphadenectomy at Time of Prostatectomy: An Evidence-Based Approach

Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) at the time of radical prostatectomy is the most accurate method of lymph node staging in prostate cancer. Although there are varied practices in anatomic extent of PLND, evidence favors an extended PLND (ePLND) including external iliac, obdurator, and internal iliac nodes. Removing presacral and/or common iliac nodes to the ureteric crossing can improve staging. The oncologic benefits of extended dissection are unclear based on methodologic limitations and bias in the available evidence. Diverse nomograms may clarify which patients warrant ePLND. Higher level evidence is needed to clarify the therapeutic effects of ePLND and who benefits most.
Mammography use among women aged 18-39 years in the United States.

Recommendations for breast cancer screening using mammography target asymptomatic women aged ≥ 40 years who are not at increased risk for breast cancer. Evidence is not available to demonstrate benefits of screening with mammography at younger ages, and little is known about mammography use among younger women. This study described mammography use among women aged 18–39 years. We analyzed data from the 2011–2015 National Survey of Family Growth, an in-person survey of a nationally representative sample of the U.S. household population. We estimated the prevalence of ever receiving a mammogram and examined reasons for the first mammograms among women aged 18–39 years without personal cancer history (n = 8324). We classified the first mammogram as a screening examination if it was performed either as part of a routine exam or because of family history of cancer. Among women aged 18–39 years, 14.3% (95% CI 13.2–15.4) reported ever having a mammogram. Prevalence of mammography use was highest among women aged 35–39 years (31.0%, 95% CI 27.8–34.5), and was higher among non-Hispanic black women than in other race/ethnicity groups. Women with a family history of breast cancer reported a higher prevalence of mammography use than women without this family history. For both women with and without a family history of breast cancer, about half of all first mammograms were performed for screening reasons. Among U.S. women aged 18–39 years with no personal cancer history, one in seven reported having received a mammogram. Women with no family history of breast cancer were as likely as those with a family history to initiate breast cancer screening with mammography before age 40. Our findings provide evidence that supports further research to examine factors that prompt young women to receive screening mammograms.
Permutation Groups with Few Fixed Points

The author is surveying here permutation groups carrying hypotheses likely to be encountered in the context of the sort of geometric problems this conference has studied. Accordingly I have omitted a vast and very beautiful literature on doubly transitive groups carrying strong arithmetic hypotheses on their degrees and on character degrees, and prompt apologies are extended for references omitted for this reason, similar reasons or for those omitted simply by accident.
Corpus-based instruction: Teaching discourse-linking jiu (就) in storytelling

Abstract The aim of this study is two-fold. First, it demonstrates the use of learner and native speaker spoken Chinese corpora to identify learners’ non-use of the discourse-linking jiu in the narration of stories. To guide students to notice and practice jiu in spoken narrative contexts, we designed and implemented four 50-minute classes of corpus-based instruction. Second, this study investigates the effect of the corpus-based instruction in teaching discourse-linking jiu. Evaluation of the oral production of story narration from the pretest and posttest reveals that the students in the experimental group outperformed the control group. The results suggest that the corpus-based instruction had a positive effect on students’ learning of jiu in storytelling.
Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency: Diagnosis and Replacement in the Lung Transplantation Phase of Life- Survey among Lung Transplant Specialists

Purpose Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a significant anti-protease, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulating protein, which favors organ tolerance after transplantation. Genetic testing for diagnosis of AAT deficiency (AATD) in lung transplant candidates with COPD, and post-transplant replacement of AAT in patients with AATD varies widely among transplants centers. The objective of this survey was to assess the practices of international lung transplant (LTx) centers, pertaining to the testing for, and replacement of, AAT in patients with AATD. Methods We developed a web-based survey to investigate the testing and replacement of AAT in patients with AATD undergoing LTx. The survey was distributed to international LTx centers via the ISHLT Connect platform. Results Respondents consisted of 49 LTx specialists from 10 countries (74% North America, 24% Europe, and 2% Australia). Centers performing >40 transplants per year (considered high-volume) comprised 52% of the respondents. Among all LTx centers, 57% reported screening all patients with COPD for AATD. Screening rates were equal between North America and Europe (58%). Low-volume LTx centers screened for AATD at a much higher rate, compared to high-volume LTx centers (78% vs. 36%). Only 25% of LTx centers provided AAT replacement prior to, or following LTx in patients with known AATD. North America LTx centers replaced AAT (31%) more frequently than European LTx centers (9%). As with screening rates, more low-volume LTx centers provided AAT (35%), compared to high volume centers (16%). One-third of LTx centers reported that, at their respective centers, diagnosis of AATD was an exclusionary criteria for double LTx. Conclusion This is the first systematic survey of LTx centers’ approaches to AATD, with specific attention on testing and post-LTx replacement of AAT. Standards of practice vary widely among lung transplant centers. Low-volume LTx centers screened for AATD, and replaced AAT after LTx in patients with AATD, more frequently than high-volume centers.
Neural sensor translation: poster abstract

Neural Machine Translation (NMT), a neural network based approach for language translation, has been shown to be more effective than traditional approaches like statistical machine translation. Inspired by NMT, we propose Neural Sensor Translation (NST), a process of translating data sequences from one or a set of sensors to another using neural networks. NST is a data-driven approach for creating virtual sensors that have useful applications in sensor networks and internet of things. We present a neural network based approach for sensor translation and demonstrate the potential of the approach using sensor data from a home.
Influence of alfalfa maturity on feed intake and site of nutrient digestion in sheep.

Four wethers fitted with ruminal, duodenal and ileal cannulas were used to study effects of maturity of alfalfa hay on intake, digestion and rate of passage of nutrients in various sites of the digestive tract. Pre-, early-, and mid-bloom hays were harvested from the same field; full-bloom hay was acquired from elsewhere due to weather conditions. Dry matter intake decreased (P c .05) as intakes of NDF and ADF increased. This was attributed to decreased digestibility and increased retention time of undigested residues. Digestion of OM in the stomach (% of intake) was 44.2, 47.4, 38.8 and 35.1 for pre-, early-, mid- and full-bloom hay, respectively. Digestion of ADF in the stomach was lower for mid-bloom than for pre and early-bloom hay (P c .05). Degradation of alfalfa protein in the rumen was 94, 88, 81 and 78% for pre-, early-, mid- and full-bloom hay, respectively. Concentration of ruminal NH3 N, flow of N at the duodenum, fecal N and urinary N decreased as maturity advanced (P c .05), but they appeared to be related primarily to the N content of the hay and to N intake. Digestion of N in the small intestine (g/d) decreased as maturity advanced (P c .05). Duodenal flow of total amino acids was greater (P c .05) when animals consumed pre-bloom hay than when they consumed more mature hays. Relative feed value calculated from the detergent fiber analysis correlated with actual value determined biologically (r = +.81). Intake and site of nutrient digestion of alfalfa hay were influenced by the stage of maturity at
Dynamics of sensory integration of olfactory and mechanical stimuli within the response patterns of moth antennal lobe neurons

Odors emanating from a biologically relevant source are rapidly embedded within a windy, turbuluent medium that folds and spins filaments into fragmented strands of varying sizes. Environmental odor plumes therefore exhibit complex spatiotemporal dynamics, and rarely yield an easily discernible concentration gradient marking an unambiguous trail to an odor source. Thus, sensory integration of chemical input, encoding odor identity or concentration, and mechanosensory input, encoding wind speed, is a critical task that animals face in resolving the complex dynamics of odor plumes and tracking an odor source. In insects, who employ olfactory navigation as their primary means of foraging for food and finding mates, the antennal lobe (AL) is the first brain structure that processes sensory odor information. Although the importance of chemosensory and mechanosensory integration is widely recognized, the AL itself has traditionally been viewed purely from the perspective of odor encoding, with little attention given to its role as a bimodal integrator. In this work, we seek to explore the AL as a model for studying sensory integration - it boasts well-understood architecture, well-studied olfactory responses, and easily measurable cells. Using a moth model, we present experimental data that clearly demonstrates that AL neurons respond, in dynamically distinct ways, to both chemosensory and mechanosensory input; mechanosensory responses are transient and temporally precise, while olfactory responses are long-lasting but lack temporal precision. We further develop a computational model of the AL, show that our model captures odor response dynamics reported in the literature, and examine the dynamics of our model with the inclusion of mechanosensory input; we then use our model to pinpoint dynamical mechanisms underlying the bimodal AL responses revealed in our experimental work. Finally, we propose a novel hypothesis about the role of mechanosensory input in sculpting AL dynamics and the implications for biological odor tracking.
Out of the public’s eye? Lobbying the President’s Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs

We introduce readers to an advocacy tactic that is largely unknown to scholars: lobbying the U.S. President’s Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA). We first present an overview of lobbying during U.S. regulatory policymaking, including during OIRA’s review of proposed government regulations. Second, we introduce readers to a data source that allows scholars to track lobbying during OIRA’s regulatory review, and we provide several descriptive statistics from a lobbying dataset that covers January 2005 to June 2011. Third, we highlight different applications of these data, including our efforts to integrate the data with other information sources. We close by encouraging interest groups scholars to take advantage of these largely untapped data, which are more accessible today than even a few years ago and to connect these data with other available sources both inside and outside of the regulatory process.
Decreasing opioid use in postoperative gynecologic oncology patients through a restrictive opioid prescribing algorithm.

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a post-surgical restrictive opioid prescribing algorithm (ROPA) in gynecologic oncology patients. Methods This cohort study included gynecologic oncology patients undergoing any surgical procedure from 08/2018–7/2019 after implementation of a ROPA. Patients were compared to historical controls managed without a ROPA from 10/2016–9/2017. Patients were educated preoperatively about pain management goals, the ROPA, and opioid disposal. A 4-tiered system was developed to standardize prescriptions at discharge based on surgical complexity and inpatient opioid requirements. Patients were surveyed at their postoperative visit to assess home opioid use and satisfaction. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics v.24. Results 2549 patients met inclusion criteria; 1321 in the historical control group and 1228 in the ROPA group. Demographics, including age, BMI, and performance status were similar. Compared with the control group, the average number of opioid pills prescribed was significantly lower in the ROPA group (30.5 vs 11.3; p Conclusions A restrictive prescribing practice allows for a significantly lower number of opioids to be prescribed to postoperative patients while maintaining patient satisfaction. There was no increase in opioid refill requests using a ROPA in patients undergoing surgery.
Living in Boston During COVID-19: Inequities in Navigating a Pandemic

In the Summer of 2020, the Boston Area Research Initiative (BARI) at Northeastern University, the Center for Survey Research (CSR) at University of Massachusetts Boston, and the Boston Public Health Commission (BPHC) conducted a survey that captures the experiences of 1626 Bostonians during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey provides unique insights into how experiences and challenges varied across the populations and neighborhoods of a single city—something not currently available from any other source, in Boston or otherwise. This first report on the survey concentrates on the frequency of multiple routine, or necessary, activities—including going to work, accessing food, using public transit, and exercising—that might expose individuals to infection risk. By examining how these activities were distributed by neighborhood, race, and socioeconomic status in both April and the Summer, we identify a variety of inequities in how different populations were able to mitigate risk. Most respondents reported minimizing necessary activities outside the house, especially in April, but there were stark differences in these activities between communities. Black and Latinx residents and those with lower income were more likely to physically go to work; lower-income respondents took on more risk to access food by making more total weekly trips to grocery stores and food pantries; the few that did ride transit were concentrated in majority-minority neighborhoods; and outdoor exercise was high in affluent, majority-White neighborhoods. This all points to a need for targeted ways in which we might support low-income communities during the second wave.
Constitutional Torts, Preemption Doctrine, and Alabama's Wrongful Death Act

This Article addresses the issues state courts must face in determining the extent to which state law may be applied to wrongful death actions brought under § 1983. These actions differ significantly from wrongful death actions brought under state tort law. The practitioner should be aware of these differences when approaching a § 1983 wrongful death action as these differing approaches present additional opportunities for the prudent and pitfalls for the unwary. One of the concerns state courts must face is the issue of standing. As one circuit has noted, "[i]n other cases this circuit has entertained § 1983 suits spurred by allegedly unconstitutional state action that resulted in death, but has failed to discuss the source of plaintiffs' representative or survivor standing because no one raised the question on appeal." Whether standing is an opportunity or a pitfall depends, of course, upon where one finds oneself. Another concern is the question of the damages available in a § 1983 wrongful death action. This issue is of particular interest in Alabama because punitive damages are the exclusive remedy for wrongful death under Alabama state law.
A Review of The Anatomy and Biology of the Human Skeleton

This book discusses human skeletal anatomy from an anthropological perspective. It is written by two students of the late Thomas W. McKern, in part as a tribute to their mentor. The basis for this book is the lab manual developed by McKern for his osteology class and then elaborated on by Steele and Bramblett as they went on to teach their own classes.
Lung Ischemia: Endothelial Cell Signaling by Reactive Oxygen Species

The major manifestations of tissue ischemia include cellular anoxia due to inadequate oxygen delivery and secondary acidosis. The reintroduction of oxygen upon reperfusion leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent oxidative tissue injury. This sequence of events has been called the ischemia/reperfusion syndrome. In contrast to other organs, ischemia of the lungs such as that which accompanies vascular occlusion is not expected to compromise lung ventilation or oxygen delivery and if so would not result in tissue anoxia or acidosis. However, the lungs do show increased generation of ROS during an ischemic episode as described below. Our studies have investigated the mechanisms and significance of ROS generation with non-hypoxic lung ischemia. We have determined that ROS generation represents one component of a complex signaling response of endothelium to ischemia and that this signaling cascade is triggered by the loss of shear stress. Further, we have determined that the stimulus for ROS production is endothelial membrane depolarization, presumably associated with inactivation with a shear stress K+ channel. The following describes our experiments documenting this new paradigm of ischemic response.
Molecular evolution of the actin family

Members of the actin family have well-characterized cytoskeletal functions, but actin and actin-related proteins (ARPs) have also been implicated in nuclear activities. Previous analyses of the actin family have identified four conserved subfamilies, but many actin-related proteins (ARPs) do not fall into these groups. A new systematic phylogenetic analysis reveals that at least eight ARP subfamilies are conserved from humans to yeast, indicating that these ARPs are part of the core set of eukaryotic proteins. Members of at least three subfamilies appear to be involved in chromatin remodeling, suggesting that ARPs play ancient, fundamental roles in this nuclear process.
Low prealbumin is a significant predictor of medical complications in severe anorexia nervosa

Objective Prealbumin levels have been proven to correlate with hospital length of stay, wound healing, infection rates, and mortality in adults hospitalized for medical or surgical purposes, or those who have chronic illnesses. Little is known about the utility of prealbumin evaluation in adults with severe anorexia nervosa (AN). Method We retrospectively evaluated prealbumin levels, along with numerous other clinical parameters relevant to illness acuity and early refeeding outcomes, in 132 adults with AN admitted for definitive inpatient medical stabilization from October 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012. Per clinical protocol, prealbumin was checked on admission and approximately weekly thereafter until discharge. Results Patients had a median age of 28 years old, a mean admission body mass index (BMI) of 12.9 kg/m2 (S.D. 6.1), and 89% of patients were women. A total of 47% of patients had a low prealbumin at the time of admission. By discharge, 77% of patients had normalized their prealbumin levels. Patients with low admission prealbumin levels had a threefold increased risk of refeeding hypophosphatemia and a twofold increase in hypoglycemia compared with patients who had a normal admission prealbumin, independent of admission BMI. Discussion A low serum prealbumin level appeared concurrent with other markers of serious medical compromise, and was associated with two potentially life threatening complications of early refeeding: hypophosphatemia and hypoglycemia. The cause of low prealbumin remains elusive. Prealbumin should be checked in patients with severe AN prior to initiating weight restoration, as low levels may be an important harbinger of early refeeding complications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:148-156)
A microwave reconfigurable dielectric-based glucose sensor with 20 mg/dL sensitivity at sub-nL sensing volume in CMOS

In this paper, a reconfigurable dielectric-based glucose sensor is implemented in 65nm CMOS. Measurements over wide concentration range are achieved through frequency detection while high sensitivity is realized by the interferometer architecture. A sensitivity limit of 20 mg/dL is measured with 0.18-nL of sensing volume. Four independent sensing channels operating from 6 – 30 GHz facilitates broadband characterization of the glucose medium.
A strategy for screening memory functions in individuals with mental retardation.

Abstract In an attempt to develop a protocol for evaluating mentally retarded clients from a neurobehavioral perspective, a strategy for screening complex verbal, simple verbal, simple visual, and spatial working memory was developed. This strategy results in numeric values on each of the aspects of memory, and it can contribute to a “global index” of memory function. The strategy is described so that it might be adopted by other practitioners interested in screening their client’s ability to store and retrieve newly acquired information. Descriptive data for 125 persons carrying diagnoses of mild, moderate, and severe mental retardation are presented. The procedure was found to discriminate well between the various levels of mental retardation, correlate reasonably well with IQ, and possess relatively good test-retest reliability.
Iterative turbo decoder with decision feedback equalizer for signals transmitted over multipath channels

The problem of detecting turbo encoded signals transmitted over multipath channels is addressed and a new structure of turbo decoder combined with decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is presented. In this structure, a DFE is implemented in the turbo decoding iteration loop such that the DFE and a modified turbo decoder, which generates both information and parity bits, operate in a mutual support fashion. Simulation results are presented for a rate 1/3 turbo code, which has been selected for 3G mobile systems, with binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation, transmitted over multipath channels having severe frequency distortion. Compared with a turbo equalizer, where soft extrinsic information is calculated from the detection and decoding steps and passed between equalizer and turbo decoder, the new structure is much simpler but efficient.
Concurrent engineering R&M CAE perspective

Good progress has been made in the reliability and maintenance computer aided engineering arena but much effort is still required. The user industry, specifically the RM RM and R&M CAE needs. >
¡Deje hablar! La transferencia en «Las desdichas de Cardenio» de Don Quijote de la Mancha

Entre los distintos estudios que relacionan la literatura de creacion con el psicoanalisis clinico y su comprension metapsicologica, se destaca el papel ilustrador del arte y la literatura en la explicacion del pensamiento psicoanalitico. Este trabajo discute el concepto fundamental de la transferencia, teniendo como referente la locura de Cardenio, un personaje de Don Quijote de la Mancha. Varios elementos tecnicos del quehacer psicoanalitico florecen alrededor del estudio de esta idea.
Fatigue Crack Growth and J-Integral Fracture Parameters of Ti-6Al-4V at Ambient and Cryogenic Temperatures

Fatigue crack propagation and fracture parameters for 2.03-cm-thick compact specimens of an extra-low-interstitial Ti-6Al-4V alloy were measured at temperatures between 295 K (70°F) and 4 K (-453°F). Plane-strain linear-elastic and J-integral fracture toughness test results were in good agreement: the K 1 c values for this alloy decreased from 105 MN/m 3 | 2 at room temperature to 54 MN/m 3 | 2 at 4 K, and a ductile-to-brittle fracture transition occurred in the range 125 to 76 K (-235 to -323°F). Despite this transition, the fatigue crack growth rates (da1dN) of this alloy remained temperature insensitive over the entire ambient-to-cryogenic range. These fatigue and fracture results are compared with data previously reported for a normal-interstitial Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Linear System Approach to the Debye Series for Electromagnetic Scattering by a Multi-Layer Sphere: A Tutorial

Abstract A general elementary linear system containing two inputs and two outputs is defined, and the behavior of a composite system consisting of a number of elementary systems connected in series is reviewed. In particular, the four proportionality coefficients relating the outputs of the composite system to its inputs have the same formal mathematical structure, independent of the number of elementary systems that are connected together. This composite linear system is then used to model scattering of an electromagnetic plane wave by a singly-coated sphere or a multi-layer sphere. Mirroring the behavior of a general linear system, the partial wave scattering amplitudes and their Debye series representation also have the same formal mathematical structure, independent of the number of layers of the sphere. Lastly, the interpretation of coherent multiple-scattering inside a multi-layer sphere in the frequency-domain is commented on.
Potentiation of the antitumor effect of ionizing radiation by brief concomitant exposures to angiostatin.

Abstract Angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen, inhibits the growth of primary and metastatic tumors by suppressing angiogenesis. When used in combination with ionizing radiation (IR), angiostatin demonstrates potent antitumor synergism, largely caused by inhibition of the tumor microvasculature. We report here the temporal interaction of angiostatin and IR in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumors growing in the hind limbs of syngeneic mice. Tumors with an initial mean volume of 510 ± 151 mm 3 were treated with IR alone (20 Gy × 2 doses on days 0 and 1), angiostatin alone (25 mg/kg/day divided twice daily) on days 0 through 13, or a combination of the two as follows: ( a ) IR plus angiostatin (days 0 through 13); ( b ) IR plus angiostatin (days 0 and 1); and ( c ) IR followed by angiostatin beginning on the day after IR completion and given daily thereafter (days 2 through 13). By day 14, tumors in untreated control mice had grown to 6110 ± 582 mm 3 , whereas in mice treated with: ( a ) IR alone, tumors had grown to 2854 ± 338 mm 3 ( P b ) angiostatin alone, tumors had grown to 3666 ± 453 mm 3 ( P a ) IR plus longer-course angiostatin, tumors reached 2022 ± 282 mm 3 ( P = 0.036 compared with IR alone); ( b ) IR followed by angiostatin, tumors reached 2677 ± 469 mm 3 ( P > 0.05 compared with IR alone); and ( c ) IR plus short-course angiostatin, tumors reached 1032 ± 78 mm 3 ( P
Electrocardiographic and clinical features of spontaneous auricular fibrillation and flutter (tachycardia) in dogs: Comparison with spontaneous auricular fibrillation and flutter in other species and with experimentally induced arrhythmias in dogs

Zusammenfassung Elektrokardiographische und klinische Erscheinungen von spontanem Vorhofflimmern und Vorhofflattern (Tachycardie) bei Hunden Es wird uber 22 spontane Vorhofflimmernfalle, zwei spontane Vorhofflatternfalle bei Hunden berichtet. Die klinischen Zeichen, die Behandlungswirkung, die elektrokardiographischen Kennzeichen und die Zerlegungsbefunde der Falle werden dargestellt und diskutiert. Die klinische Bedeutung des Vorhofflimmerns und -flatterns des Hundes werden nach der experimentellen Literatur und der Befunde bei diesen Fallen erwogen. Es wird auch eine Methode mit Chloralhydrat und Adrenalin besprochen, die das Vorhofflimmern verursacht. Diese wurde jedoch als unzuverlassig befunden. Die elektrokardiographischen Zuge des Vorhofflimmerns und -flatterns beim Pferd, Rind, Menschen und Hund werden verglichen. Resume Manifestations electrocardiographiques et cliniques de fibrillation et de flutter auriculaires (tachycardie) spontanes chez le chien Vingt-deux cas de fibrillation auriculaire spontanee, deux cas de flutter auriculaire spontanee et deux cas de flutter auriculaire induit par traitement de quinidine sulfate ont ete discutes. Les signes cliniques, les effets de traitement, les signes electrocardiographiques et les resultats des necropsies ont ete rapportes. La signifiance clinique de la fibrillation auriculaire spontanee et de la flutter auriculaire du chien a ete consideree d'apres la literature experimentelle et des resultats de ces cas. Une autre methode d'induire la fibrillation auriculaire avec du chloral hydrate et l'adrenaline a ete decrite. Mais elle a ete trouvee incertaine. Les traits electrocardiographiques de la fibrillation auriculaire et de la flutter auriculaire du cheval, du boeuf, de l'homme et du chien on ete compares. Resumen Manifestaciones electrocardiograficas y clinicas de la fibrilacion y tremulacion auriculares (taquicardia) del perro Se informa sobre 22 casos de fibrilacion auricular espontanea y 2 casos de tremulacion auricular espontanea en perros. Se exponen y discuten los sintomas clinicos, la accion terapeutica, las caracteristicas electrocardiograficas y los hallazgos necropsicos de los casos estudiados. Se considera la importancia clinica de la fibrilacion y tremulacion auriculares en el perro segun la literatura experimental y los hallazgos de estos casos. Tambien se comenta un metodo con hidrato de cloral y adrenalina, que provoca la fibrilacion auricular. Sin embargo, fue considerado como inseguro. Se comparan los rasgos electrocardiograficos de la fibrilacion y tremulacion auriculares en el caballo, en la vaca, en el hombre y en el perro.
Lewd, Crude, and Rude Behavior: The Impact of Manners and Etiquette in the General Hospital

Background Lewd, crude, and rude behaviors of patients and staff members have the potential to complicate care; unfortunately, the medical literature on manners and etiquette is sparse. Objective We sought to understand the impact of lewd, crude, and rude behaviors in the general hospital and to provide a context in which to educate clinicians about the management of troublesome behaviors of patients and staff members. Method We reviewed the history of etiquette in the general hospital, and discuss the ethical ramifications and clinical management of inappropriate behaviors. Results Lewd, crude, and rude language and behaviors are often heard and seen in the general hospital; such behaviors can be understood in a biopsychosocial context. Conclusions Teaching trainees about manners and etiquette can help them identify and manage offensive behaviors and can facilitate the provision of effective and ethical care.
Chromium-containing biomimetic cation triaqua-μ3-oxo-μ-hexapropionatotrichromium(III) inhibits colorectal tumor formation in rats

Abstract The cation [Cr3O(propionate)6(H2O)3]+ has recently been found by oral or intravenous administration to increase insulin sensitivity and improve serum lipids in healthy and type 2 diabetic model rats. Serum insulin concentrations and, hence, insulin sensitivity are in part responsible for the relationship between diet and the incidence of colorectal cancer. This strongly suggested that the synthetic cation, which in vitro is able to stimulate insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in a fashion similar to the oligopeptide chromodulin, could influence the incidence of colorectal cancer. Consequently, the effects of the cation on the inhibition of colon tumorigenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in male Sprague Dawley rats were examined. Gavage administration of aqueous solutions of the complex (1000 μg Cr/kg body mass daily for 6 months) resulted in significantly decreased colon tumor incidence (P
Subsets of human origin recognition complex (ORC) subunits are expressed in non-proliferating cells and associate with non-ORC proteins.

The origin recognition complex (ORC) in yeast is a complex of six tightly associated subunits essential for the initiation of DNA replication. Human ORC subunits are nuclear in proliferating cells and in proliferative tissues like the testis, consistent with a role of human ORC in DNA replication. Orc2, Orc3, and Orc5 also are detected in non-proliferating cells like cardiac myocytes, adrenal cortical cells, and neurons, suggesting an additional role of these proteins in non-proliferating cells. Although Orc2–5 co-immunoprecipitate with each other under mild extraction conditions, a holo complex of the subunits is difficult to detect. When extracted under more stringent extraction conditions, several of the subunits co-immunoprecipitate with stoichiometric amounts of other unidentified proteins but not with any of the known ORC subunits. The variation in abundance of individual ORC subunits (relative to each other) in several tissues, expression of some subunits in non-proliferating tissues, and the absence of a stoichiometric complex of all the subunits in cell extracts indicate that subunits of human ORC in somatic cells might have activities independent of their role as a six subunit complex involved in replication initiation. Finally, all ORC subunits remain consistently nuclear, and Orc2 is consistently phosphorylated through all stages of the cell cycle, whereas Orc1 is selectively phosphorylated in mitosis.
Studies on Tissue Penetration Characteristics Produced by Jet Injection

Five groups of rats were injected with radiopaque dye and trypan blue and various concentrations of isobucaine hydrochloride and meprylcaine hydrochloride with use of either a 25-gauge needle or Syrijet. For a higher concentration of anesthetic in a specific area, it is recommended that an increased volume of solution be given, rather than an increased concentration of anesthetic.