cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Decision models for analysis and evaluation of construction contractors

The concept of a hybrid computerized decision support system for the evaluation of construction contractors' suitability to perform the work associated with a project is presented. Previously developed decision tools are summarized and justification for the creation of such a system is proposed. The system configuration is described along with the modelling techniques available for each aspect of prequalification decision-making.
Evaluation of the Disinfectant Performance of Silver Nanoparticles in Different Water Chemistry Conditions

This study aimed to determine the effect of different water chemistry conditions on the bactericidal properties of silver nano- particles (AgNPs). Reduced disinfection performance of AgNPs was obtained in divalent cationic solutions in comparison with monovalent solutions with the same concentration. Average particle size of AgNPs increased with increasing electrolyte concentration as divalent cations (Ca 2þ and Mg 2þ ) produced larger AgNPs aggregates than those formed with monovalent solutions. ξ-potential measurements showed that AgNPs in divalent cationic solutions had low absolute ξ-potential values (� 9: 8t o� 23:2 mV), whereas the values obtained in monovalent solutions were considerably more. The measurements of the concentration of ionic silver released indicated that the fraction of dissolved Ag þ (5:9-18:8 μg=L) was around 0.1% of the total mass of Ag 0 added. The contribution of Ag þ to the overall disinfection performance was negligible at the conditions tested. In this study, different physicochemical properties of silver nanoparticles and the survival rate of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in different AgNPs solutions were analyzed. The data collected lead to a correlation between survival rate of E. coli and average size of AgNPs. The results show a strong correlation between these two parameters that can be fitted to a saturation type curve, reaching a survival plateau around 20% survival at an average particle size of 200 nm for all the water chemistry conditions tested. DOI: 10 .1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000460. © 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.
On the Impact of Using Presence Services in P2P-Based Network Management Systems

The use of notifications to inform the status of network devices and software to network administrators has a crucial function to guarantee the correct network operations and to prevent unnecessary costs. Presence services have been designed with the objective to provide ways to deliver presence information to interested parties, however they are used only in communications systems. In this paper we thus present a proposal that aims to using presence services in P2P-based network management systems.
Scribal Magic and its Rhetoric: Formal Patterns in Medieval Hebrew and Aramaic Incantation Texts from the Cairo Genizah

The study of medieval Judaism was revolutionized by the late S. D. Goitein with A Mediterranean Society, his multilayered study of the medieval Jewish communities in Egypt based on the documents from the Cairo Genizah. For while previously the Genizah had been mined for important rabbinic documents and for the history of the philosophers and Geonim, Goitein's research sought to provide an account of the religion and life of all classes of society.
Drug therapies in older adults (part 1)

Prescribing for older adults represents a significant challenge as the UK population ages. Physiological decline and the rising prevalence of frailty increase the likelihood of altered pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, suboptimal prescribing and adverse effects among this growing cohort of the population. In the first of two articles, we begin by considering these issues and posit four key questions which should be considered when prescribing for older adults. Does this agent reflect the priorities of the patient? Are there alternatives - with greater efficacy, effectiveness or tolerability - that might be considered? Are the dose, frequency and formulation appropriate? How does this prescription relate to concurrent medication? We also describe current drug therapies in two disease states with a predilection for older adults: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis. Using these examples we highlight the limitations of evidence-based medicine and guidelines in this cohort of the population, illustrating the reliance on sub-group analysis to demonstrate the efficacy of drug therapies for older adults in osteoporosis and the underutilisation of appropriate treatments for patients with AD as a result of flawed guidelines.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atypical Atrial Flutter Masquerading as Atrial Fibrillation

A patient with a surgically repaired double outlet right ventricle developed AF 6 months after successful RF catheter ablation of typical atrial flutter. Guided by a 64-electrode basket catheter, the patient's AF was found to be dependent on an atypical atrial flutter circuit rotating around the fossa ovalis. Successful RF catheter ablation was performed by creating a line of conduction block from the superior vena cava to the fossa ovalis.
Character segmentation techniques for handwritten text-a survey

The paper is a survey of techniques for segmenting images of handwritten text into individual characters. The topic is broken into two categories: segmentation and segmentation-recognition techniques. Several approaches to each are outlined, and each is analyzed for its relevance to printed, cursive, on-line and off-line input data. >
The Hood River Conservation Project An Evaluator's Dream

The Hood River Conservation Project (HRCP) was a major residential conservation project, intended to test the upper limits of a utility retrofit program. It was proposed by the Natural Resources Defense Council, funded by the Bonneville Power Administration (Bonneville) and operated by Pacific Power & Light Company (Pacific) in Hood River, Oregon. Thisfive-year, $20 million research and demonstration project installed as many cost-effective conservation measures in as many electrically heated homes in Hood River as possible. The measures were aimed at the building shell to reduce electricity use for space heating and at water-heating retrofits. This article summarizes the remarkable (and largely successful) efforts to design a comprehensive evaluation to address energy-policy issues important to the Pacific Northwest. Evaluation results are presented concerning project performance in three critical areas: the number of eligible households that participated, the number of recommended conservation actions a...
Total parenteral nutrition in pregnancy: case review and guidelines for calculating requirements

Although many aspects of the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in pregnancy are controversial, the long-term sequelae of maternal malnutrition in fetal health are not. To avoid these complications, TPN is advocated for use in pregnancies complicated by maternal starvation. The purpose of this paper is to outline an easy to follow method for prescribing TPN solution to meet the needs of the gravid patients.
A Landmark-based Index Architecture for General Similarity Search in Peer-to-Peer Networks

The indexing of complex data and similarity search plays an important role in many application areas. Traditional centralized index structure can not scale with the rapid proliferation of data volume. In this paper, we propose a scalable index architecture built on top of distributed hash tables (DHT), to support similarity search in the general metric space. Based on efficient space mapping and query routing mechanisms, our architecture can provide a general platform to support arbitrary number of indexes on different data types. Significantly, it does not need to generate or maintain any search trees. Instead, the embedded trees in the underlying distributed hash tables are exploited to deliver queries. To deal with skewed data distribution, we also provide load-balancing mechanisms to ensure that no node in the system is unduly loaded. The performance of the proposed design is evaluated through simulations with a variety of metrics. The experimental results demonstrate that out approach can efficiently solve similarity query at a low cost.
Planning for Action: The Impact of an Asthma Action Plan Decision Support Tool Integrated into an Electronic Health Record (EHR) at a Large Health Care System

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic airway disease that can be difficult to manage, resulting in poor outcomes and high costs. Asthma action plans assist patients with self-management, but provider compliance with this recommendation is limited in part because of guideline complexity. This project aimed to embed an electronic asthma action plan decision support tool (eAAP) into the medical record to streamline evidence-based guidelines for providers at the point of care, create individualized patient handouts, and evaluate effects on disease outcomes. Methods: eAAP development occurred in 4 phases: web-based prototype creation, multidisciplinary team engagement, pilot, and system-wide dissemination. Medical record and hospital billing data compared frequencies of asthma exacerbations before and after eAAP receipt with matched controls. Results: Between December 2012 and September 2014, 5174 patients with asthma (10%) received eAAPs. Results showed an association between eAAP receipt and significant reductions in pediatric asthma exacerbations, including 33% lower odds of requiring oral steroids (P < .001), compared with controls. Equivalent adult measures were not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study supports existing evidence that patient self-management plays an important role in reducing asthma exacerbations. We show the feasibility of leveraging technology to provide guideline-based decision support through an eAAP, addressing known challenges of implementation into routine practice. (J Am Board Fam Med 2015;28:382‐393.)
Generalized Eosinophilic Myositis with Eosinophilia of Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid in a Raccoon (Procyon Lotor)

Eosinophilic myositis is a relatively rare condition of cattle and sheep in which individual muscles or groups of muscles may be involved, or the lesions may be widespread through all muscles, including the heart The condition has been seen in pigs, and a case has been described in a monkey. A similar pathological entity confined to the muscles of mastication has been reported in dogs. Although Sarcocystis has often been implicated in ruminants and pigs, the specific cause of this condition remains unknown. We report here a case of generalized eosinophilic myositis with simultaneous infestation with Sarcocystis in a raccoon, and the results of a survey on the prevalence of muscle parasites in raccoons. Between July 1985 and February 1988, l01 adult raccoons of both sexes were examined at the Laboratory of Large Animal Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania. These raccoons were either suspect rabies cases (from Pennsylvania) or were part of a larger study on the development of an oral vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant viral vaccine (from Ohio).’ Whenever possible, prior to euthanasia of the raccoons, blood samples were obtained for routine hematology and blood chemistry. At the time of necropsy, a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was obtained (within 15 min of euthanasia) for cytological examination. Also at the time of necropsy, besides other tissue samples, striated muscle samples from 5 different organs (heart, tongue, diaphragm, proximal esophagus, and masseter muscle) were fixed in 10% phosphate-buffered formalin. Examination of these muscles forms the basis of the present study. The tissues were processed routinely for histopathology for examination by light microscopy. Selected sections were stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and hematoxylin and eosin (HE). Samples of striated muscles were taken for electron microscopy, the results of which have been published elsewhere. Gross lesions were seen in the muscles of only 1 of the raccoons-an adult female used in the vaccine trial. The lesions consisted of numerous small (to 3 mm wide), pale white, streaklike to oval granulomatous areas, which were numerous and more prominent on the diaphragm and on the muscles of the abdomen and the thigh (Fig. 1). Histological examination of the striated muscles from different anatomical sites revealed presence of Sarcocystis (48 cases), Trichinella (3 cases), and Hepatozoon (in 1 raccoon). Heart muscle was the least likely tissue (12% positive), whereas the tongue (37% positive) was the most common place for
The effect of virtual mass on the numerical stability of accelerating two-phase flows

Abstract The effect of the virtual mass in accelerating two-phase flow was studied for various nozzle/diffuser flows. It was found that the final results were insensitive to virtual mass effects, but the numerical stability and efficiency was greatly improved. An analysis of the eigenvalues of the mathematical systems shows that virtual mass models improve numerical stability and efficiency by changing the nature of the eigenvalues.
Effects of glycemic control on target organ responses to epinephrine in type 1 diabetes.

Severe hypoglycemia occurs in intensively treated patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) due in part to deficient epinephrine counterregulatory responses. Previously, we have found that T1DM...
Does a shortened hyperemia with regadenoson stress pose a concern for quantitative Rb-82 PET imaging? Optimization of regadenoson PET imaging.

Although regadenoson has nearly replaced other vasodilator stressors for single-photon emission computed tomography perfusion imaging, the benefits of regadenoson stress for positron emission tomography (PET) perfusion are less clearly established, particularly in the estimation of absolute stress
Right to Shop

Faster than freedom of choice or contract. More powerful than any property interest. Able to leap through traditional doctrine in a single bound. It’s not just a word. It’s not plain vanilla. It’s the Right to Shop. Okay, Okay. It’s a joke, right? Not at all. This article is about what the “rule of law” means to everyone except lawyers and law professors. It is not about freedom from want, but the freedom to want. It is about the essence, simultaneously, of each of us and our civic community. So it’s serious, and so am I.
Vegetable transplant nutrition

The first objective of this paper is to review and characterize the published research in refereed journals pertaining to the nutritional practices used to grow vegetable transplants. The second objective is to note those studies that indicated a direct relationship between transplant nutritional practices and field performance. The third objective is to suggest some approaches that are needed in future vegetable transplant nutrition research. Even after review of the plethora of available information in journals, it is not possible to summarize the one best way to grow any vegetable transplant simply because of many interacting and confounding factors that moderate the effects of nutritional treatments. It is, however, important to recognize that all these confounding factors must be considered when developing guidelines for producing transplants. After thorough review of this information, it is concluded that transplant nutrition generally has a long term effect on influencing yield potential. Therefore, derivation of a nutritional regime to grow transplants needs to be carefully planned. It is hoped that the information that follows can be used to help guide this process.
Using Canonical Correlation to Construct Product Spaces for Objects with Known Feature Structures

Given a set of attribute ratings of objects with known feature structures, one can construct product spaces by use of various compositional methods. Factor and discriminant analyses are two such we...
Heterokaryon Incompatibility in Aspergillus Flavus

Strains of Aspergillus flavus were recovered from corn samples from 15 counties in Georgia and placed into 22 different heterokaryon-compatibility (h-c) groups. There was no clear pattern of associ...
Landuse Patterns of Heihe River Basin and Its Impact Modeling

Based on the 1∶100000 landcover map of the Heihe river basin in 2000 and the global 25-type classification systems,the 30 s landcover map of the Heihe river basin(Heihe data for short) was brought out combined with the 1∶1000000 vegetation classification map,which is the same classification format with global 30 s landcover data(USGS data for short) brought forward by Loveland at the beginning of 1990′s.By the comparison between these two datasets,it is found that the landcover type difference mainly locates at the middle reache of the baisn,where the landcover type is most grassland in the global data and irrigated cropland/pasture in the Heihe data.These two landcover data sets were implied into atmospheric model to investigate the influence of different landcover data on environmental element modeling.The following results were concluded.Except for wind field,shortwave radiation and ground heat flux,simulated environmental element distribution patterns are higher related to albedo,emmisivity pattern than the roughness and resistance.The different landcover types in the middle reache lead to the local air temperature increase.Urban effect is included maybe.Either from the spatial correlation coefficient between environmental element pattern itself and landcover pattern or from air temperature changes near surface because of land cover alteration at meteorology stations,simulated air temperature near surface was affected by emmisivity greatly than the other parameters.There are not much observation to estimate emmisivity,one could get more accurate air temperature simulation results by raise emmisivity.Absolutely,it needs more observation and simulation study to validate.
Enterohepatic Helicobacters: natural and experimental models

The genus Helicobacter now includes at least 18 formally named species as well as several novel helicobacters that have not been formally named. Eleven Helicobacter spp. colonize the intestinal tract of mammals and birds. In addition, a number of the intestinal helicobacters can colonize the biliary tract and liver, induce hepatitis and one in particular, Helicobacter hepaticus, can cause liver cancer in susceptible strains of mice. Further studies are needed to ascertain whether these helicobacters are also responsible for enterohepatic diseases in humans.
Control of erythropoiesis in rats with adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation.

In order to characterize the defect in erythroid homeostasis in chronic inflammatory states, the relationship between erythropoietin production and erythropoietic response was examined in rats with adjuvant disease. Exposure of adjuvant-injected rats to graded levels of lowered barometric pressure induced increases in plasma erythropoietin which were significantly less than those measured in normal animals similarly stimulated. Erythropoietin inhibitors were not detected by in vitro or in vivo assay techniques: the biological activity of ovine erythropoietin was not modified by incubation with plasma from rats with adjuvant disease; the erythropoietic response of ex-hypoxic polycythemic mice to erythropoietin was not compromised by injections of test plasma; and the burst of erythropoiesis induced in ex-hypoxic polycythemic mice by a hypobaric stimulus was not modified by plasma given prior to or at various intervals after hypobaric exposure. Exogenous erythropoietin elicited nearly identical increases of radioiron incorporation in normal and adjuvant-injected rats whose endogenous erythropoietin was suppressed by hypertransfusion. It is concluded that the diminished erythropoietic response to anemia in adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation results from a relative failure in the production of biologically active erythropoietin.
Influence of Probiotics on Coccidia, H . Contortus and Markers of Infection in Goats

Immunostimulants can induce nonspecific resistance against parasites. The use of probiotics to control development of animal gastrointestinal parasites could help reduce the risks of infestation. In this study, we investigated the effects of probiotics administration on gastrointestinal parasites coccidia, H. contortus and markers of infection. A cocktail of probiotics mix including Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (8.5 log CFU/mL) was drenched daily to three months-old male Spanish Boer kid-goats (n = 3) till four weeks of age. Control group of age matched kid-goats received sterile water daily for a 4-week period. Body weight, Fecal Egg Count, FAMACHA scores, Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and White Blood Cell Differential Count was determined weekly. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to monitor fecal bacteria using bacteria 16 sec rDNA primers. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, Prostaglandin2 (PGE2) and Immunoglobulin E levels in plasma were evaluated using commercial ELISAs. Results showed no significant difference in PCV, body weight, White Blood Cell Differential Count, FAMACHA score, PGE2 and IgE levels between probiotic drenched and control. However, eggs per gram were increased significantly (p<0.05) probiotics drenched 100, 90 and 120% at weeks 2, 3 and 4 for haemonchus and 70% for coccidia at week 3 respectively. An increase of 50 to 300% in pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed for probiotic drenched over control at weeks 2, 3 and 4. Pro inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly highest (p<0.05) for IFNr, G-CSF and IL-1α when pre-treatment levels were compared to week 4 for probiotic drenched. Results from PCR-DGGE analysis showed significantly increased fecal microbial DNA for probiotics drenched (p<0.05), with no difference in band pattern and staining intensity. Although increases in H. contortus count and Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were observed, probiotics drenching had no effect against coccidia or H. contortus. This study supports the idea that use of probiotics in ruminants may be impacted by lack of microbial retention in the rumen. Further studies on establishment and retention are needed.
Linking leader authentic personality to employee voice behaviour: a multilevel mediation model of authentic leadership development

ABSTRACTDrawing on self-consistency and self-concept-based theories, this study examined the antecedents and outcomes of authentic leadership. Specifically, the mediating roles that authentic leadership and organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) play in translating leader authentic personality into employee voice behaviour were investigated. The results, from a sample of 408 subordinate–supervisor dyads from Taiwan, provide evidence of a positive relationship for leader authentic personality with direct reports’ ratings of the leaders’ authentic leadership. In addition, authentic leadership was found to influence subordinates’ voice behaviour, as rated by subordinates’ immediate supervisors; notably, this relationship was partially mediated by the subordinates’ perceptions of OBSE. Furthermore, leader authentic personality was indirectly related to subordinates’ voice behaviour through the mediating influence of authentic leadership and, in turn, subordinates’ perceptions of OBSE. The implications of these...
SunDance: Black-box Behind-the-Meter Solar Disaggregation

The increasing penetration of grid-tied solar is complicating utilities' ability to balance electricity's real-time supply and demand. While advancements in solar forecast modeling are enabling utilities to better predict and react to future variations in solar power, these models require historical solar generation data for training. Unfortunately, pure solar generation data is often not available, as the vast majority of grid-tied solar deployments are "behind the meter," such that utilities only have access to net meter data that represents the sum of each building's solar generation and its energy consumption. To address the problem, we design SunDance, a "black box" technique for disaggregating solar generation from net meter data that requires only a building's location and a minimal amount of historical net meter data, e.g., as few as two datapoints. SunDance leverages multiple insights into well-known fundamental relationships between location, weather, solar irradiance, and physical deployment characteristics to accurately disaggregate solar generation from net meter data without access to a building's pure solar generation data for training. We also identify and leverage a new fundamental relationship, which we call the Universal Weather-Solar Effect, that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been articulated in the past and is broadly applicable to other solar energy analytics. We evaluate SunDance using net meter data from 100 buildings and show that its black-box approach achieves similar accuracy without access to any solar training data as a fully supervised approach with complete access to such training data.
Secure, archival storage with POTSHARDS

There are many factors motivating the need to securely store private data for long periods of time. These range from requirements on business data demanded by recent legislation to the push towards digital creation of cultural and family heritage data. This information often needs to be stored securely; data such as medical and legal documents that could be important to future generations must be kept indefinitely but must not be publicly accessible. Unfortunately, existing storage solutions have yet to prove their ability to store data securely for long periods of time. To this end, the goal of secure, archival storage is to provide long-term data security and reliability.
ENTRE LA ESCRITURA DE LA HISTORIA Y LA HISTORIA DE LA ESCRITURA EN: El general en su laberinto de Gabriel García Márquez.

Desde una perspectiva linguistica y semiotica fue Roland Barthes quien afinales de la decada de los sesenta planteo el interrogante de si la tradicionaldiferenciacion entre generos narrativos continuaba siendo sostenible luego de unanalisis estructural de los mismos. Es decir, si en lo que tienen de enunciacion dela realidad, el discurso poetico y el novelesco son irreconciliables o si una narrativade ficcion es en verdad opuesta a una narrativa “cientifica” como la del textohistorico. Es sabido que esa misma pregunta ya se la habia formulado conanterioridad, y desde la literatura, Jorge Luis Borges. No obstante lo que para elautor de Otras inquisiciones (1952) fue un tema de sus relatos, para Barthes y losque le siguieron fue y es un asunto de indagacion conceptual y argumentacionteorica. Estas indagaciones cuyos centros reflexivos se han concentrado endemostrar las coincidencias retoricas entre el texto historico y el ficcional, exaltanademas los supuestos culturales que, sin distincion de genero, intervienen yorientan toda narracion, en especial la narracion escrita.
Synthesis and Bioevaluation of Macrocycle–Polyamine Conjugates as Cell Migration Inhibitors

The motuporamines are natural products isolated from the New Guinea sea sponge Xestospongia exigua. Dihydromotuporamine C contains a large macrocycle and an appended polyamine component and was shown to be both antimetastatic and cytotoxic to human L3.6pl pancreatic cancer cells. A series of macrocycle–polyamine conjugates were prepared, and the sequence of the polyamine component was varied to optimize the antimigration properties (as measured in L3.6pl cells) of this molecular class. A one-carbon spacer between the 15-membered carbocycle and the appended polyamine showed improved antimigration properties. A survey of different polyamine sequences containing two, three, or four carbon spacers revealed that the natural polyamine sequence (norspermidine, a 3,3-triamine) was superior in terms of inhibiting the migration of L3.6pl cells in vitro. An investigation of the respective ceramide and sphingomyelin populations in L3.6pl cells revealed that these molecules can modulate both ceramide and sphingomyelin...
Pupillometer Use: Validation for Use in Military and Occupational Medical Surveillance and Response to Organophosphate and Chemical Warfare Agent Exposure

INTRODUCTION To analyze the effectiveness and suitability of pupillometer use in military and occupational medicine, specifically when pupil size is measured as part of medical surveillance. Pupil size is the most sensitive physical exam finding in vapor exposure to substances that inhibit acetylcholinesterase, such as nerve agent (chemical warfare) and organophosphates (used in agriculture). Pupillometer use permits real-time, accurate pupil measurements, which are of significant value in occupational setting where exposure to organophosphates is suspected and in dynamic military settings where it may be unclear if service members were exposed to nerve agent or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a worker population enrolled in medical surveillance including pupil size measurement, pupils were measured using a Colvard pupillometer, whereas their pupil size had previously been measured by manual measurement. Pupil size was compared pre- and post-pupillometer implementation. RESULTS Pupil size range was broader post-pupillometer implementation, reflecting accepted ranges of physiologically normal pupil sizes. The correlation between pupil sizes pre- and post-pupillometer was low, and the overall mean pupil diameters were statistically different between the two modalities (p < 0.0001), strongly suggesting that pupillometer use helped correct inaccurate pupil size estimates. In two real-world situations, pupillometer use proved helpful in evaluating workers who may have been exposed to an organophosphate, providing information that was immediately available and clinically relevant as part of the initial medical evaluation/physical exam. CONCLUSIONS Pupillometer use is feasible and robustly increases the precision and accuracy of pupil size measurement in military and occupational medicine settings caring for workers potentially exposed to organophosphates. It provides near-real-time quantitative data that are immediately pertinent to determining if a service member or employee has been exposed to these agents.
Human–animal interactions: Effects, challenges, and progress

Abstract In contemporary society, animals and humans interact in a variety of different capacities, as companions, as therapy providers, and as sources of food and fiber. Interactions between animals and their human caretakers play a significant role in the overall welfare of both the livestock and their stewards. For people caring for cattle, it is important to understand how their everyday interactions can affect the health, welfare and performance of the animals. Within the cattle industry, assessments of the human–animal interaction are being incorporated into third-party welfare-verification programs, underlining the importance of finding accurate ways of assessing these interactions. Exploring how the human–animal relationship impacts the caretaker is a novel and relatively less-studied area with potential for future research. The malleability of human–animal interactions is where change and progress in improving cattle and human caretaker welfare is possible within the livestock industry.
Pairing Mechanism in CeCoIn 5

Although superconductivity was discovered in CeCu2Si2 as early as 1979, it took some time to overcome the conventional wisdom that magnetism was necessarily detrimental to Cooper pairing.
Erstellung eines Personal-Informationssystems

Dieses Beispiel soll veranschaulichen, wie APL-Funktionen realisiert werden, um einen einheitlichen Satz von miteinander kombinierbaren Programmen — etwa in Form einer naturlichen Sprache — zu erhalten. Es last sich sehr leicht auf andere Aufgabenstellungen ubertragen, und ein APL-Programmierer sollte immer in der Lage sein, dieses Beispiel fur eine APL-Demonstration “ohne Anleitung” zu verwenden.
Quality Control and Quality Assurance

The office laboratory's need for quality is no different from that of any other clinical laboratory. If patients are to receive the benefit of physician's office testing, reliable, high-quality laboratory results are essential. To achieve this, the physician's office laboratory must have an adequate quality assurance program. Several fundamental components of such a program have been addressed in this article: procedure manuals, record-keeping, maintenance logs, quality control charts, participation in proficiency testing, and laboratory inspection. If your state's regulations do not yet require these activities in the physician's office laboratory, they soon will! A successful laboratory's quality assurance program will provide the following assurances. (1) Quality practices are established and followed by all personnel involved with the testing in the laboratory. (2) The technologist performing the test will know when systems and instruments are working properly and the patients' results are reliable. (3) High-quality information needed by the physician interpreting or evaluating patient laboratory results will be generated. (4) A set of written records is available demonstrating to the inspector that uniform and acceptable protocols have been established and are practiced in the laboratory. One short article cannot provide all the specifics for a laboratory's quality assurance program. The manufacturers and suppliers of instruments and reagents should be able to provide support in the following areas: calibration, type of controls to be used, development of a control chart, required maintenance procedures, establishment of accuracy and precision, and troubleshooting. If they cannot or will not, your laboratory should, perhaps, consider an alternative vendor to supply instrumentation and/or reagents. Additionally, resources such as the professional organizations, consultants, other clinical laboratories, and the inspectors or certifying agencies should also be considered in developing a comprehensive quality assurance program.
Glycine: Inhibition from the Sacrum to the Medulla

From a theoretical point of view, the fact that glycine has many metabolic roles as well as a functional role in the CNS is extremely interesting to the neurobiologist. Glycine does not have an assymetric carbon atom nor is it an essential amino acid (except in the chick). It is found in most tissues and its synthesis has been demonstrated in animals, plants and microorganisms. It has also been shown to be present in varying amounts in the tissues of the central nervous system. Most standard textbooks of biochemistry indicate that glycine is metabolically active and is utilized in the formation of proteins, heme, purines, glutathione, hippuric acid, creatine, glycocholic acid, serine, formate (for the one-carbon pool), glucose and glycogen. However, although glycine is biosynthetically involved in these important metabolic processes, in 1965 and shortly thereafter, a series of papers from the laboratories of Aprison and Werman announced that glycine was a segmental inhibitory transmitter in the cat spinal cord and thus also had an important functional role in the CNS (Aprison and Werman, 1965; Graham et al., 1967; Davidoff et al., 1967a,b; Werman et. al., 1967, 1968). Thus, in addition to GABA, the role of glycine had to be considered in studying inhibitory processes of CNS functions.
Site fidelity, home range, and tidal migrations of juvenile pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides , in salt marsh creeks

We conducted a series of experiments to determine the movements and fidelity of juvenile pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides, in salt marsh creeks within North Inlet Estuary, SC. In Experiment 1, we investigated the fidelity of pinfish (40–100 mm SL) at four subtidal locations (9–617 m apart) along the axis of a major creek. We trapped and marked 2,297 individuals and recaptured 15–22% of the fishes released at each site, almost all of which (99.7%) had been marked at the same location of recapture up to 3 months earlier. In Experiment 2, we investigated pinfish movements between subtidal and intertidal areas. In the 8 weeks prior to sampling 2 intertidal creeks, we marked 950 juveniles in the adjacent subtidal areas. Sampling of the 2 flooded intertidal creeks showed that 9–20% of the pinfish collected bore marks, and all had been previously marked at the subtidal site immediately adjacent to the intertidal creek. Gut analysis of 60 individuals revealed that juveniles collected from the intertidal areas at high tide had consumed about ten times more food than those collected at the subtidal sites at low tide. In Experiment 3, we determined the fidelity of recently settled pinfish (<35 mm SL) and showed that 15% of the 434 marked pinfish remained in the same area; some were at liberty up to 7 weeks. In Experiment 4, we determined home range by tagging and recapturing juvenile pinfish at sites separated by 20 m along a 200 m subtidal transect. We estimated that during periods when the intertidal zone was not accessible, the average home range was 9.4 m with only 10% of tagged fish moving greater than 20 m during the 4 month study. Our results indicate that soon after recruitment to the estuary, pinfish establish strong fidelity for sites within salt marsh creeks and exhibit tidal periodicity in both movements and feeding.
Genetic Influence from Chromosome 12 on Murine Susceptibility to Herpes Simplex Keratitis

We studied, in a murine model of herpes simplex keratitis, the influence of certain genes for controlling immunological responses on development of keratopathy after HSV corneal inoculation. We found, using congenic strains of mice, that the Igh-1 gene locus exerts a powerful influence on the clinical expression of HSV infection. Mice with Igh-1e or Igh-1d phenotype routinely developed severe keratopathy after HSV corneal inoculation, while those congenic strains with Igh-1a or Igh-1b phenotype were less susceptible to such keratopathy development. These results are discussed in the context of genetic influence on the response to herpes simplex infection.
Carbon Sequestration in Wetland Ecosystems: A Case Study

Wetlands occupy a significant part of the land surface of the globe. In addition to acting as sinks for carbon, wetlands will respond to rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change in various ways. Rising sea level and increasing storm frequency are expected to cause deterioration of coastal wetlands while rising atmospheric CO2 and rising temperature may increase primary production, carbon sequestration and increased emission of methane in marshes dominated by C3 vegetation.
Harming animals for research and for food in conditions of moral uncertainty

Koplin and Wilkinson (K&W) argue for the sociological claim that many believe (1) that the moral uncertainty argument provides significant moral reasons against farming human–pig chimaeras for their organs (henceforth, ‘farming for organs’) but (2) that there no are significant moral reasons against farming non-chimeric pigs for food (henceforth, ‘farming for food’). And yet, K&W argue for the ethical claim, that if the moral uncertainty argument provides significant moral reasons against farming for organs then there are similar moral reasons against farming for food. The moral uncertainty argument appears to be an application of what I have called ‘the moral status framework’ to farming for organs.1–3 According to the moral status framework, human–animal chimaera research should be evaluated as to its risk of (1) enhancing the moral status of an animal to that of a normal human while (2) continuing to treat the animal as animals are usually treated in biomedical research.4 In status-enhancing research, ‘sacrificing the fundamental interests of the chimeric research subject as they would have been sacrificed in any other animal research is the moral equivalent of sacrificing the fundamental interests of a fully functional adult human being. On all but the most extreme animal rights views, this makes status-enhancing research much worse than other biomedical research on animals, and on any plausible view, makes it absolutely unacceptable’.5 K&W similarly say that, according to the moral uncertainty argument, ‘It would be gravely wrong to treat humans the same way we do animal …
P188 The Process Evaluation of Bobcat Bounty: A Campus Pantry Intervention

Background College food insecurity affects academic performance and as well as mental and physical health. In response, many universities have created on-campus food pantries. A total of 40% of Texas State students reported diminished food security that may be due to lack of access to acceptable food, knowledge of resources, or environmental factors. This project aims to evaluate the first year of implementation and the initial impact of the on-campus food pantry, Bobcat Bounty. Objective To examine the key factors necessary to support and sustain an on-campus food pantry. Study Design, Settings, and Participants The following strategies were used to evaluate the implementation of Bobcat Bounty: surveys and interviews with college student pantry clients, volunteer observations, student awareness surveys and intercept interviews, process evaluations of inventory data, and in-depth interviews with faculty/administrators serving on the steering committee. Measurable Outcome/Analysis Participant surveys and interviews assessed level of food security, environmental determinants for food security, and nutrition knowledge among participants. Descriptive analysis of survey data was performed in SPSS. Interviews were transcribed and coded for key constructs, such as characteristics of health champions, self-efficacy, social support, reinforcing factors, and sustainability. Results Participant surveys and interviews demonstrated the impact of Bobcat Bounty on participant food security, nutrition knowledge, and attitudes regarding community/university support. Results from volunteer observations and client satisfaction surveys yielded key indicators of pantry sustainability. Stakeholder interviews provided descriptions of support, self-efficacy, and leadership. Conclusion The evaluation of the on-campus food pantry resulted in the identification of key factors for sustained institutional support and the effectiveness of the pantry model. Funding Texas State University.
Improved Processing Techniques for Inclusion-Free Steel for Bearing and Mechanical Component Applications

High hardness, high carbide powder metallurgy tools steels such as M62 enable the operation of ball bearings at extremely high load and stress levels. Operation under such conditions increases the potential for rolling contact fatigue failure attributed to ceramic particle inclusions. To address this challenge, industry has sought steel made from ever increasing levels of cleanliness but the results have been uneven owing to the random nature of the occurrence of material flaws. One common approach is to rely upon careful ingot inspections prior to bearing manufacture. By selecting the cleanest portion of an ingot, it is expected that bearings relatively free from material flaws will result. This approach is not always successful because detrimental flaws that exist deep within an ingot can pass inspection undetected potentially causing subsequent failure. Recent efforts to commercialize an intermetallic material, 60NiTi, for rolling element bearings demonstrates a pathway to produce bearing steel that is free from unwanted ceramic particle inclusions. In this paper, the process used to make bearing grade ceramic-free NiTi alloys is described and applied to steelmaking. At its core, the NiTi process differs from steel making in one key aspect. NiTi alloys are made from elementally pure starting materials that are melted, blended and processed in equipment absolutely free from exposure to oxygen and ceramics ensuring a ceramic particle-free product. In contrast, the predominant method to make bearing steel is to employ a successive series of purification steps to reduce contamination levels below required thresholds. This paper describes the processes developed and applied to high carbide tool steel, M62. The resulting material and microstructures are evaluated and compared to M62 prepared by conventional powder metallurgy techniques. It is hoped that the application of materials manufacturing techniques used for fracture sensitive ceramics and intermetallic materials like NiTi can provide a pathway to Ultra-Clean, Ceramic-Inclusion free steels for rolling element bearings and other failure critical applications.
Viral Pneumonia and History of Short-Bowel Syndrome

Patients with a history of short bowel syndrome have higher risk for cow’s milk allergy Intravenous drug preparation might contain lactose as an excipient, that might have contaminated with milk protein
Changes in Electroencephalography Activity in Response to Power Mobility Training: A Pilot Project

Purpose: The purposes of this pilot project were to examine the impact of power mobility training on (1) electroencephalography (EEG) activity in children with severe cerebral palsy (CP) and (2) po...
Rhythmic Properties of Climbing Fiber Afferent Responses to Peripheral Stimuli

An intriguing property of inferior olivary neurons is their tendency to discharge rhythmically at frequencies from 5–12 Hz (Armstrong 1974, Llinas 1981). This report focuses on the rhythmicity in the responses of Purkinje cells to climbing fiber inputs evoked by natural forepaw stimuli. In decereberate, unanesthetized cats the complex spike (CS) activity of Purkinje cells evoked by a forepaw displacement was averaged in post-stimulus time histograms (PSTH), and the autocorrelogram of the PSTH was calculated. The surgical procedures, recording techniques and peripheral input are described elsewhere (Ebner and Bloedel 1981, Ebner et al. 1983, Bloedel and Ebner 1984). Rhythmicity was defined as a minimum of three equally spaced peaks of complex spike activity, observed either in the PSTH or autocorrelogram. In 220 Purkinje cells with a complex spike response to the forepaw tap, 105 responded with a periodic discharge, the majority exhibiting a periodicity ranging from 100 to 160 ms. In 10 of 25 pairs of simultaneously recorded Purkinje cells the forepaw stimulus evoked periodicity in the complex spike discharge at a similar frequency. For some cells exhibiting only two peaks of CS activity, altering the stimulus duration did not alter the timing of the second peak of the CS response suggesting that the second peak of CS activity was due to a rhythmic activation of the climbing fiber afferent rather than a response to the “of” phase of the stimulus.