cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Regime Shifts in Asian Equity and Real Estate Markets

The recent Asian financial crisis has emphasized the volatility of modern financial markets. This crisis, and other recent financial shocks, suggest that returns may switch regimes: that is, randomly change from one distribution to another. This paper analyzes regime shifts in real estate and equity markets in ten Far Eastern countries, focusing on the period 1994 - 1998. We find little evidence for regime shifts in equity markets. However, with striking regularity, we find that Asian real estate markets generally are shifting between one (low probability) regime with very high returns and another with slightly negative returns. This suggests that there was a structural difference between the behavior of Asian real estate and equity markets during the study period: the former switching between periods of boom and quiescence, the latter exhibiting more stationary behavior.
Lepirudin Use in a Neonate with Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

OBJECTIVE:To describe a case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in a premature infant and the doses of danaparoid and lepirudin needed to achieve appropriate therapeutic endpoints.CASE SUMMARY:A 30-week gestational age infant was diagnosed with HIT with heparin antibodies. Danaparoid 2.0–2.4 units/kg/h achieved anti-Xa levels of 0.2–0.4 U/mL, but thrombocytopenia failed to resolve. Lepirudin was started in place of danaparoid. Lepirudin doses of 0.03–0.05 mg/kg/h achieved target activated partial thromboplastin time values of 1.5–2.0 times baseline.DISCUSSION:Dosing information for danaparoid in neonates is limited, and information for lepirudin appears only in German literature at this time. HIT is well documented in newborns, and lepirudin use in these situations is likely to increase. This report provides some guidance for optimal dosing. It also provides some guidance for HIT evaluation in preterm infants, in whom blood volume for laboratory tests is a major issue.CONCLUSIONS:HIT is an importan...
Differential gene expression profiles are dependent upon method of peripheral blood collection and RNA isolation.

Background RNA isolation and purification steps greatly influence the results of gene expression profiling. There are two commercially available products for whole blood RNA collection, PAXgene™ and Tempus™ blood collection tubes, and each comes with their own RNA purification method. In both systems the blood is immediately lysed when collected into the tube and RNA stabilized using proprietary reagents. Both systems enable minimal blood handling procedures thus minimizing the risk of inducing changes in gene expression through blood handling or processing. Because the RNA purification steps could influence the total RNA pool, we examined the impact of RNA isolation, using the PAXgene™ or Tempus™ method, on gene expression profiles.
The Unconstructed Self

Postmodernism proposes that the notion of self is a cultural construction and lacks any substantive or real referent. Chandler (2000) and Shotter (2000) offer challenges to this postmodern destruct...
Engineering students game to green the automobile supply chain

Solutions to environmental problems associated with human endeavor are generally interconnected with many factors, including technological and economic constraints - often requiring a systems engineering approach. To create a culture for change in industry, students must begin to understand how to assess the tradeoffs among economic, technical, and environmental factors if they are to become socially, as well as fiscally, responsible designers and leaders. Because of their unique learning style and technology expertise, the ldquomillennial generationrdquo will bring significant learning and teaching challenges to the classroom. This project brings the growing concerns of environmental awareness and diverse learning styles together in an innovative learning model to educate future engineering leaders. This research will explore the extent to which students increase their understanding of complex tradeoffs among environmental, economic, and technological issues in the auto industry through repeated play of a collaborative cross disciplinary computer game.
Disjunct distributions of two aquatic predators1

Two planktonic predators found in high altitude ponds of the Rockies are distributed locally in a disjunct fashion. Larvae of Chaoborus americanus are well known planktivores and can eliminate the semipredacious copepod Diaptomus shoshone from a pond; but in spite of the close proximity of many of these ponds, early instars of Chaoborus are rarely found in the presence of D. shoshone, and the densities are extremely low in the few cases of coexistence. Feeding experiments show that D. shoshone adults prey on early instar Chaoborus, but the later the midge instar, the greater its survivorship in the presence of D. shoshone. The copepods are in turn preyed upon by 4th instar midge larvae. The life cycles of the two species are offset so that midge eggs hatch in the presence of D. shoshone adults. It is suggested that reciprocal predatory interactions such as this one are unstable.
Velocity control of mobile manipulators

When a serial-chain manipulator is mounted on a mobile base, the end-effector motion must be decomposed into the motion of the base and the motion of the manipulator. The determination of actuator rates for a given end-effector motion is typically underconstrained. By associating with each joint, a compliance function, local as well as global solutions for the inverse kinematics of kinematically redundant systems can be obtained. The rate decomposition problem is formulated using screw theory. Analytical expressions are obtained for the local solution for perfectly general systems, including those with nonholonomic constraints. Global integral solutions are also obtained using this framework. Nonholonomic systems require that additional constraints be imposed to remove the nonholonomy in the system. The basic goal of allocating the end-effector motion between the manipulator and its mobile base according to user-prescribed preferences is demonstrated using computer simulations and experiments. >
Weakly Decaying Energy Separation and Uniqueness of Motions of an Elastic-Plastic Oscillator with Work-Hardening

A useful and natural first step in the analysis of motions of heavy objects supported by a variety of structural members is to ignore many of the geometrical characteristics of the supporting members. For example, the motion of a block suspended from a helical spring usually is studied first by regarding the spring as a one-dimensional structural element whose change in length determines the force that it exerts on the block. When the force varies linearly with change in length, the resulting spring-mass system is the familiar harmonic oscillator. If structural members undergo significant permanent deformation, it is standard practice to employ one-dimensional structural elements which, unlike the idealized spring, are capable of exhibiting hysteresis. The elastic-perfectly plastic element provides an example of this type in which there is an upper bound for the magnitude of the force that the element can provide. Below this upper “yield force”, the element behaves elastically, as would a spring. When the upper bound would be surpassed through further elastic behavior, the element continues to deform but with no further increase in the force it provides. The resulting large permanent deformations might destabilize a structure consisting of elastic-plastic elements, but this tendency sometimes can be offset by the ability of the elements to dissipate mechanical energy as they undergo permanent deformations.
Current concept about postoperative cholangitis in biliary atresia

Background Postoperative cholangitis characterized by fever and acholic stool and positive blood culture is a common and serious complication following Kasai’s operation for biliary atresia. The aim of this review was to describe the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, medical treatment and outcome of postoperative cholangitis.
Rational choice attitudinalism

This essay reviews Epstein, Landes, and Posner’s The Behavior of Federal Judges: A Theoretical and Empirical Study of Rational Choice. Their book systematically asks how the role of ideology varies across the tiers of the federal judicial hierarchy. A major finding is that the impact of ideology increases from the bottom to the top of the judicial hierarchy. Their typical methodology formulates an ex ante measure of judicial ideology such as the political party of the appointing president, and demonstrates that this measure correlates with later judicial behavior, often voting on case dispositions. Along the way, they investigate a multitude of topics, including some quite under‐explored ones. We argue that ELP’s theory is only weakly connected to their empirical practice, for the latter focuses on the role of ideology in judging while the former says almost nothing about that relationship. In fact, though, their empirical practice does embed a theory of law and ideology, but one quite different from that suggested by the book’s rhetoric. In the penultimate section of the essay, we explore this disconnection between ELP’s theory, practice, and interpretation. Its origin (we argue) lies in an extremely thin conceptualization of law. We conclude with the issue posed in ELP’s final chapter, “The Way Forward,” but suggest a rather different path.
Nitration of p38 MAPK in the placenta: association of nitration with reduced catalytic activity of p38 MAPK in pre-eclampsia

Peroxynitrite, a potent pro-oxidant formed from the interaction of superoxide and nitric oxide, has been widely reported to be nitrating tyrosine residues in proteins resulting in the formation of nitrotyrosine. Biological nitration of tyrosine, a footprint of oxidative injury, has been found to occur in various pathological states including pre-eclampsia, a leading cause of maternal mortality and increased perinatal mortality. Oxidative stress is a major contributor to endothelial dysfunction in pre-eclampsia. Previously, we have demonstrated increased nitrotyrosine immunostaining in placental villous vascular endothelium, surrounding vascular smooth muscle and villous stroma from pre-eclamptic or diabetic pregnancies. Immunoprecipitation (IP) with antinitrotyrosine antibodies followed by immunoblot analysis identified increased nitration of phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the pre-eclamptic placenta. The catalytic activity of p38 MAPK and concentration of phospho-p38 MAPK was also found to be reduced in placentae from pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Comparison of peptide masses of a 42-kDa protein obtained by mass spectrometry with masses of a theoretical tryptic digest of p38 MAPK that was modified by phosphorylation and nitration identified the protein to be p38 MAPK.
Lightweight Multitasking Support for Embedded Systems using the Phantom Serializing Compiler

Embedded software continues to play an ever increasing role in the design of complex embedded applications. In part, the elevated level of abstraction provided by a high-level programming paradigm immensely facilitates a short design cycle, fewer errors, portability, and reuse. Serializing compilers have been proposed as an alternative to traditional OS techniques, enabling a designer to develop multitasking applications without the need of OS support. In this work, we outline the inner workings of the Phantom serializing compiler and analyze the quality of the generated code with respect to memory and processing overheads. Our results show that such serializing compilers are extremely efficient, making them ideal to be used in design of highly parallel applications (e.g., multimedia, graphics, and signal processing applications).
Serotonin Syndrome: A Subtle Toxicity

Dana Bartlett is Poison Information Specialist, The Poison Control Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa. For correspondence, write: Dana Bartlett, The Poison Control Center, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th St & Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104; E-mail: bartlett@email.chop.edu. J Emerg Nurs 2006;32:277-9. 0099-1767/$32.00 Copyright n 2006 by the Emergency Nurses Association. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2006.03.004
A Micromachined High-Q Microstrip Line with a Broadband Microstrip-to-CPW Transistion

A high-Q micromachined microstrip line with its corresponding broadband microstrip-to-CPW transition is pre- sented. The micromachined suspended-ground microstrip line is fabricated monolithically to eliminate the usage of multiple substrates and more complicated processes including wafer bond- ing and thru-substrate vias. Furthermore, via-less connections between the signal line and ground plane of the microstrip can be easily implemented. The fabricated 1-mm long suspended ground microstrip line with back-to-back transition shows an excellent RF performance with insertion loss of less than 0.36 dB and reflection below �18 dB over a broad bandwidth from dc to 30 GHz.
The outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer therapy in women with endometriosis failing to conceive after laparoscopic conservative surgery

Abstract Study Objective. To compare the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) after laparoscopic surgery in women with endometriosis with that of patients with tubal factor infertility. Design. Retrospective survey of hospital and office charts using a computerized worksheet. Setting. Lin-Kou medical center of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Patients. Sixty-seven women with minimal to mild or moderate to severe endometriosis. Women with tubal factor infertility without other associated disorders (60 cycles) made up the control group. Interventions. Seventy-five consecutive cycles of IVF-ET were performed in these patients who failed to conceive after laparoscopic conservative surgery. Measurements and Main Results. The concentration of serum estradiol on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection, the day of hCG injection, clinical pregnancy rates per transfer, number of follicles larger than 14 mm, number of embryos transferred, and implantation rate were not significantly different between women with endometriosis and those with tubal factor infertility. The number of oocytes retrieved and number fertilized were decreased, and the basal level of follicle-stimulating hormone on cycle day 3 was higher in women with both degrees of endometriosis. Women in both endometriosis groups received more follicle-stimulating hormone and human menopausal gonadotropin than those with tubal factor infertility. Conclusions. The outcome of IVF-ET in patients with endometriosis after laparoscopic surgery did not differ from that in the group with tubal factor infertility, but the former required more ampules of gonadotropin to achieve the same response. The advantages of laparoscopic surgery in women with endometriosis should be probably correlated with success of IVF-ET.
Recruitment of TFIIH to the HIV LTR is a rate-limiting step in the emergence of HIV from latency.

Latently infected cells rapidly initiate HIV transcription after exposure to signals that induce NF-B. To investigate the role of TFIIH during HIV reactivation in vivo, we developed a population of Jurkat cells containing integrated, but transcriptionally silent, HIV proviruses. Surprisingly, the HIV promoter in unactivated Jurkat T cells is partially occupied and carries Mediator containing the CDK8 repressive module, TFIID and RNAP II that is hypophosphorylated and confined to the promoter region. Significantly, the promoter is devoid of TFIIH. Upon stimulation of the cells by TNF-, NF-B and TFIIH are rapidly recruited to the promoter together with additional Mediator and RNAP II, but CDK8 is lost. Detailed time courses show that the levels of TFIIH at the promoter fluctuate in parallel with NF-B recruitment to the promoter. Similarly, recombinant p65 activates HIV transcription in vitro and stimulates phosphorylation of the RNAP II CTD by the CDK7 kinase module of TFIIH. We conclude that the recruitment and activation of TFIIH represents a rate-limiting step for the emergence of HIV from latency.
Kinematic analysis of the hip and trunk during bilateral stance on firm, foam, and multiaxial support surfaces.

Objective. To differentiate hip and trunk motion during double-leg stance. Design. Trunk and hip angular position variances were measured on different support surfaces with and without vision. Background. Postural control results from motion about the hips and trunk during bilateral stance. While the hip joint has been studied extensively, information concerning relative amounts of hip and trunk motions during postural control is limited. Methods. Trunk flexion/extension, trunk lateral flexion, right and left hip flexion/extension and abduction/adduction angular position variances were assessed in 14 normal subjects using an electromagnetic tracking system during bilateral stance on firm, foam, and multiaxial support surfaces with and without vision. Results. Significantly greater amounts of motion occurred at all joints for the multiaxial-eyes closed condition compared to all other surface–vision conditions. No significant differences were found between any other surface–vision conditions. Within the multiaxial-eyes closed condition, right and left hip flexion/extension and abduction/adduction magnitudes were significantly greater than those of trunk flexion and lateral flexion, and left hip flexion/extension motion was significantly greater than that of the right hip. Conclusions. Postural control mechanisms involve similar amounts of motion at the hips and trunk, except for conditions under which a rigid base of support becomes unstable and vision is eliminated. Relevance These results suggest that the trunk and hips should be considered separately during kinematic analysis of postural control. This information may be useful in providing a more sensitive assessment of postural control to identify balance-related pathologies associated with stroke, concussion, and somatosensory deficits. 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Study of the Stability of Secobarbital Sodium Solutions II: Separation and Identification of Degradation Products of Secobarbital Sodium

A study was conducted to separate and identify degradation products of secobarbital sodium in an aqueous medium. Thermally degraded secobarbital sodium solutions were employed in the study. Extraction and paper chromatographic techniques were used to separate three degradation products of secobarbital sodium. Infrared analysis and chromatographic techniques identified the products as ( a ) mono ureide of 1-methylbutyl allyl malonic acid, ( b ) 1-methylbutyl allyl acetyl urea, and ( c ) urea. A fourth compound, 1-methylbutyl allyl acetic acid, was formed in the degradation but could not be isolated. The steps in the degradation of secobarbital sodium parallel those reported by Rotondare for phenobarbital sodium.
Radicalism and Moderation within German Social Democracy in Underground and Exile, 1933–1936

More than fifty years after the definitive end of the national socialist regime, there still exists not a single comprehensive survey of the fate of German social democracy under Hitler. This ‘white spot’ in German historiography stands in stark contrast to local and regional studies of the general resistance movement. One of the consequences of this lacuna is the belief in the relative continuity of social democratic politics and practice from Weimar through the Nazi years, with the SPD exile leadership in unchallenged control, so that in 1945 German social democracy could literally pick up its pieces and continue where it had left off before. And, indeed, by and large, the SPD of the immediate post-Second World War era did present a picture of harmonious continuity with the pre-Nazi era SPD. Yet what this image overlooks is the fact that for at least three important years, from 1933 to 1936, a crucial break occurred in SPD theory and practice, a break, however, which was barely discernible at the leadership level. A close look at the daily practice of the rank and file under- ground circles and the deliberations of exile groupings of the SPD strongly suggests that, instead of a steady slide towards moderation from the 1920s to the 1950s, from 1933 to 1936 a seemingly inexplicable-and thus far largely overlooked-wave of radicalization affected the surviving structures of the SPD.
Continuous and Embedded Learning for Multi-Agent Systems

This paper describes multi-agent strategies for applying Continuous and Embedded Learning (CEL). In the CEL architecture [1], an agent maintains a simulator based on its current knowledge of the world and applies a learning algorithm that obtains its performance measure using this simulator. The simulator is updated to reflect changes in the environment or robot state that can be detected by a monitor, such as sensor failures. In this paper, we adapt this architecture to a multi-agent setting in which the monitor is communicated among the team members effectively creating a distributed monitor. The parameters of the current control algorithm (in our case rulebases learned by Genetic Algorithms) used by all of the agents are added to the monitor as well, allowing for cooperative learning. We show that communication of agent status (e.g. failures) among the team members allows the agents to dynamically adapt to team properties, in this case team size. Furthermore, we show that an agent is able to switch between specializing within a section of the domain when there are many team members and generalizing to other parts of the domain when the rest of the team members are disabled. Finally, we also discuss future potential of this method, most notably in the creation of a Distributed Case Based Reasoning system in which the cases are actual Genetic Algorithm population members that can be swapped among team members.
Applying semiotics to the study of selected prime time television programs

The montage structures of six prime time television series were analyzed using the methodology developed by film semiotician, Christian Metz. The research indicates that the use of semiotics is applicable to studies of television programs.
Trapped gas and lung hysteresis.

Abstract The amount of gas trapped in excised rat lungs was determined after four inflation-deflation cycles between total lung capacity (TLC) and several end-expiratory volumes or end-expiratory pressures. Lungs ventilated in this way exhibited pressure-volume curves that formed closed loops with varying degrees of hysteresis. The area of these loops was highly correlated with the amount of gas trapped in the lungs. Trapped gas volume and hysteresis increased with deflation to increasingly lower end-expiratory volumes or pressures. The processes responsible for lung hysteresis, however, seem to be primarily dependent upon end-expiratory pressure and only slightly dependent upon end-expiratory volume. A possible explanation of these findings is that menisci, formed in the small airways of the lung during deflation at low lung volumes, are responsible for both the trapped gas and the pressure-volume hysteresis of the lung
Accounting Department Chairpersons Perceptions Of Business School Performance Using A Market Orientation Model

This manuscript is part of a stream of continuing research examining market orientation within higher education and its potential impact on organizational performance. The organizations researched are business schools and the data collected came from chairpersons of accounting departments of AACSB member business schools. We use a reworded Narver and Slater (1990) market orientation scale and the Jaworski and Kohlis (1993) overall performance scale for use in the current research. 101 chairs of accounting departments whose schools are members of AACSB responded to the survey. The manuscript details the data collection and analysis processes, the statistical findings, along with implications and a call for additional subject matter research.
Bayesian Beamforming for DOA Uncertainty: Theory and Implementation

A Bayesian approach to adaptive narrowband beamforming for uncertain source direction-of-arrival (DOA) is presented. The DOA is modeled as a random variable with prior statistics that describe its level of uncertainty. The Bayesian beamformer is the corresponding minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimator, which can be viewed as a mixture of directional beamformers combined according to the posterior distribution of the DOA given the data. Under a deterministic DOA, the mean-square error (MSE) of the Bayesian beamformer becomes as low as that of the directional beamformer equipped with the DOA candidate in the prior set that is the closest to the true DOA at exponential rate, where closeness is defined in the Kullback-Leibler sense. Two efficient algorithms using a uniform linear array (ULA) are presented. The first method utilizes the efficiency of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to compute the posterior distribution on a large number of DOA candidates. The second method approximates the posterior distribution by a Gaussian distribution, which leads to a directional beamformer incorporated with a particular spreading matrix and an adjusted DOA. Numerical simulations show that the proposed beamformer outperforms other related blind or robust beamforming algorithms over a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs)
ECOHYDROLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF WOODY PLANT ENCROACHMENT

Increases in the abundance or density of woody plants in historically semiarid and arid grassland ecosystems have important ecological, hydrological, and socioeconomic implications. Using a simplified water-balance model, we propose a framework for con- ceptualizing how woody plant encroachment is likely to affect components of the water cycle within these ecosystems. We focus in particular on streamflow and the partitioning of evapotranspiration into evaporation and transpiration. On the basis of this framework, we suggest that streamflow and evaporation processes are affected by woody plant en- croachment in different ways, depending on the degree and seasonality of aridity and the availability of subsurface water. Differences in landscape physiography, climate, and runoff mechanisms mediate the influence of woody plants on hydrological processes. Streamflow is expected to decline as a result of woody plant encroachment in landscapes dominated by subsurface flow regimes. Similarly, encroachment of woody plants can be expected to produce an increase in the fractional contribution of bare soil evaporation to evapotrans- piration in semiarid ecosystems, whereas such shifts may be small or negligible in both subhumid and arid ecosystems. This framework for considering the effects of woody plant encroachment highlights important ecological and hydrological interactions that serve as a basis for predicting other ecological aspects of vegetation change—such as potential changes in carbon cycling within an ecosystem. In locations where woody plant encroach- ment results in increased plant transpiration and concurrently the availability of soil water is reduced, increased accumulation of carbon in soils emerges as one prediction. Thus, explicitly considering the ecohydrological linkages associated with vegetation change pro- vides needed information on the consequences of woody plant encroachment on water yield, carbon cycling, and other processes.
Power system stability improvement with multivariable self-tuning control

A multivariable self-tuning adaptive control scheme is presented. This scheme is of a decentralized nature and is implemented locally for individual generating units. A discrete multivariable autoregressive-moving-average (ARMA) model is developed to represent a generating unit. The recursive-least-squares (RLS) estimation algorithm with variable-forgetting factor and the generalized-minimum-variance control technique are utilized to synthesize the local controllers. A dynamic goal-point-generating model is introduced to provide varying goal point for the local controller which leads the subsystem output to its equilibrium gradually. Extensive simulations are performed on the IEEE ten-machine test system. The results show that the proposed multivariable adaptive control scheme is effective in damping the severe oscillations after large disturbances as well as improving the system dynamics under small oscillations and is better than the conventional power system stabilizer (PSS) method. The controller demonstrates robustness and is compatible with the existing conventional controllers in multimachine systems. >
Pragmatism and Public Administration

This article is a response to three articles that examine the promise of pragmatism for educational administration. The first, by Professors Zanetti and Carr, rejects pragmatism outright yet only r...
Health Information Crossroad: An Opportunity to Deliver Real Measurable Outcomes for Better Health and Well Being

There is so much data and information in health care, but has and will it be used to truly change outcomes, cost and quality? As the focus changes to population and individual health, even more data will be needed to ensure that personalization supplants a one-size-fits-all model. Those entities that crack the code of using data for true insights and game-changing actions will reap benefits while others may fail. It is an amazing time for personal technology that can and will be used more in the future for improving individual health. The industry must undo so much in the way of process and care models now that fee-for-service is disappearing as a payment standard. This is requiring new leadership, thinking and direction unprecedented in this slow-to-change environment. As new entrants join the effort and push those who are entrenched in the past, progress is accelerating. Data and information need to play an actionable, economic and real role in changing for the better. There are more exciting examples of the new way to do it right. The future is bright and the journey is difficult. Embracing it means investing energy and courage in considerable quantities.
Bringing the Dark Past to Light: The Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe

August 7, 2015 Harold Marcuse, Review for Holocaust and Genocide Studies of: Bringing the Dark Past to Light: The Reception of the Holocaust in Postcommunist Europe, edited by John-Paul Himka and Joanna Michlic (University of Nebraska Press, 2013), 778 pp., cloth $50. review: 2375 words This anthology collects twenty essays about the reception of the Holocaust in eastern Europe since 1989-90, arranged alphabetically from Albania to Ukraine. The editors of the volume contributed essays on two of the countries in this group, which they see as bracketing the range of post-communist engagement with the Holocaust (9). Michlic, who co-authored the essay on Poland, was then at Brandeis and is now a professor at the University of Bristol. She is perhaps best-known as co-editor of a documentation of the debates triggered by Jan Gross's 2001 book about the July10, 1941 massacre of Jewish Poles in Jedwabne. 1 In fact, she sees that debate as having made Poland the country where the second phase of restored memory has reached the most sophisticated level (9). Himka, now a professor emeritus at the University of Alberta, is a specialist in Ukrainian history. His assessment is that in Ukraine the first phase of restored memory still has the upper hand, with the second civic phase trying to establish itself in public discourse only with great difficulty. This two-phase model of Holocaust recollection is implicit throughout the collection, and is discussed in greater detail below. Assembling so many excellent essays is an astonishing achievement. The contributors were asked to follow a similar chapter structure: After an introduction describing the wartime situation with an emphasis on relations between Jews and the majority nation, and a brief overview of memories of the Holocaust under communism, seven post-1989 topics were to be covered: high politics and public debates, education and scholarship, culture (literature, cinema, music, theater), grassroots projects and sites, diaspora narratives, indigenous Jewish communities, and antisemitism and Holocaust negationism (meaning both denial and relativization). As one might expect given the broad range of events during the Holocaust, the various countries display a wide range of Holocaust retrospection (or lack thereof), and various authors draw from a similar diversity of sources to attempt to gauge that activity. These include sites, museums and research institutions, memorials and their inscriptions, conferences, scholarly publications, textbooks and curricular materials, speeches, polls, films, fiction, internet forums, newspaper comments, and more--basically anything that sheds light on public dealings with the past. Common to all essays, however, is the extensive use of primary sources and secondary literature in the native languages, Antony Polonsky and Joanna Michlic, eds., The Neighbors Respond: The Controversy over the Jedwabne Massacre in Poland (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004).
Using a designed, online games based affinity space as a quasi-natural ethnographic context and experiment lab

This poster outlines an two-year ethnography of an informal after school lab for adolescent boys using the online game World of Warcraft. The purpose of the lab was to promote academic interests and practices to participants who were generally disengaged in traditional school settings. A variety of data was collected including chatlogs, multimedia fieldnotes, etc. The data was coded and analyzed, and general findings show that academic skills were used in a non-academic setting.
Class, territory, and inequality: Explaining differences in the framing of health inequalities as a policy problem in Belgium and France

Inequalities in health status between social groups have been on the agenda as a problem for policymakers in France and Belgium in recent years. But the constitutive arguments that French and Belgian policy elites use to frame the problem of health inequalities in public discourse – arguments about what health inequalities are, where they come from, and how they might be corrected – differ in ways that run counter to expectations based on the geography and sociology of health inequalities in the two countries. Belgian national policy documents steer clear of discussing the very large regional inequalities in health, focusing instead on differences between groups defined by socioeconomic status. Meanwhile, French documents emphasize territorial inequalities over those linked to social class. Systematic content analysis of policy documents and interviews with over 50 health policy experts and actors in Belgium and France shed light on this puzzle. In both countries, political elites employ policy discourses about health inequalities that paper over the most salient and contentious political cleavages of the day. In doing so, they are constrained by historically rooted definitions of (in)equity, as well as nationally specific institutions of financing and redistribution.
Grid indentation analysis of mechanical properties of composite electrodes in Li-ion batteries

Electrodes in commercial rechargeable batteries are microscopically heterogeneous materials. The constituent components, including active materials, polymeric binders, and porous conductive matrix, often have large variation in their mechanical properties, making the mechanical characterization of composite electrodes a challenging task. In a model system of LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 cathode, we employ the instrumented grid indentation to determine the elastic modulus and hardness of the constituent phases. The approach relies on a large array of nanoindentation experiments and statistical analysis of the resulting data provided that the maximum indentation depth is carefully chosen. The statistically extracted properties of the active particles and the surrounding medium are in good agreement with the tests of targeted indentation at selected sites. The combinatory technique of grid indentation and statistical deconvolution represents a fast and reliable route to quantify the mechanical properties of composite electrodes that feed the parametric input for the mechanics models.
Hypocretinergic and cholinergic contributions to sleep-wake disturbances in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.

Disorders of sleep and wakefulness occur in the majority of individuals who have experienced traumatic brain injury (TBI), with increased sleep need and excessive daytime sleepiness often reported. Behavioral and pharmacological therapies have limited efficacy, in part, because the etiology of post-TBI sleep disturbances is not well understood. Severity of injuries resulting from head trauma in humans is highly variable, and as a consequence so are their sequelae. Here, we use a controlled laboratory model to investigate the effects of TBI on sleep-wake behavior and on candidate neurotransmitter systems as potential mediators. We focus on hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), hypothalamic neuropeptides important for regulating sleep and wakefulness, and two potential downstream effectors of hypocretin actions, histamine and acetylcholine. Adult male C57BL/6 mice (n=6–10/group) were implanted with EEG recording electrodes and baseline recordings were obtained. After baseline recordings, controlled cortical impact was used to induce mild or moderate TBI. EEG recordings were obtained from the same animals at 7 and 15 days post-surgery. Separate groups of animals (n=6–8/group) were used to determine effects of TBI on the numbers of hypocretin and MCH-producing neurons in the hypothalamus, histaminergic neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus, and cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. At 15 days post-TBI, wakefulness was decreased and NREM sleep was increased during the dark period in moderately injured animals. There were no differences between groups in REM sleep time, nor were there differences between groups in sleep during the light period. TBI effects on hypocretin and cholinergic neurons were such that more severe injury resulted in fewer cells. Numbers of MCH neurons and histaminergic neurons were not altered under the conditions of this study. Thus, we conclude that moderate TBI in mice reduces wakefulness and increases NREM sleep during the dark period, effects that may be mediated by hypocretin-producing neurons and/or downstream cholinergic effectors in the basal forebrain.
Regression of experimental Burkitt's lymphoma induced by Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized human B cells

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized human B cells survive only transiently when injected subcutaneously into athymic mice, whereas Burkitt's lymphoma cells give rise to progressively growing subcutaneous tumors. In this study, we tested whether these Burkitt's tumors could be induced to regress via a bystander effect induced by EBV-immortalized B cells. Simultaneous inoculation of EBV-immortalized B cells and Burkitt's lymphoma cells in the same subcutaneous site resulted in tumors that regressed with necrosis and scarring. Similarly, simultaneous inoculation of EBV-immortalized B cells and Burkitt's lymphoma cells in separate subcutaneous sites resulted in regression of a proportion of the Burkitt's tumors. Furthermore, most of the established human Burkitt's tumors regressed with necrosis and scarring after intratumor inoculations with EBV-immortalized B cells. The EBV-immortalized B cells continued to exert this antitumor effect even when killed with irradiation. The experimental approach to Burkitt's lymphoma treatment described here exploits the ability of athymic mice to reject EBV-immortalized B cells to target an effective antitumor response to malignant cells normally incapable of eliciting it.
Driving integration: how is it done

ABSTRACTThe present dilemma of immigrant integration in the West is, that for previous generations of immigrants in Europe and the United States, education and politics were strong engines that drove integration. However, these engines have not worked so well for this current wave of immigration, despite emerging progress. In this review, I examine the chapters on education and politics. Two questions emerge: first, with regard to education, how much can the ineffectiveness of the education system be attributed to the cultural challenges of immigration, compared to the challenges of class, with implications for immigrants and natives as well? and second, with regard to politics, is the problem not just the numbers of minority representatives, but how they are organized, and for what purpose – indeed, if they have a purpose?
The Philosophic Anthropology of Max Scheler

If a certain rhythm can be detected in social thought, the signs seem to indicate that we are at present in a period which shows a strong desire for stabilisation and simplification. This trend has become particularly obvious in anthropology which operates more and more directly with the concept of the human organism as the basic and ultimate force in human society. As all highly generalized concepts, it is an easily misleading one which has semantic implications that are frequently insufficiently realized.
GoNI: Primes Represented by Binary Quadratic Forms.

An imaginary quadratic discriminant is a negative integer ∆ which is 0 or 1 modulo 4. For a given imaginary quadratic disciminant ∆, let C(∆) be the set of SL2(Z)-equivalence classes of primitive positive definite integral binary quadratic forms of discriminant ∆. Then C(∆) is a finite set [1, Thm. 2.13] which, when endowed with Gauss’s composition law, becomes a finite abelian group, the class group of discriminant ∆ [1, Thm. 3.9]. Thus a form q of discriminant ∆ determines an element [q] ∈ C(∆). A quadratic form q is ambiguous if [q] = 1. For a q = ⟨A,B,C⟩, the form q = ⟨A,−B,C⟩ represents the inverse of [q] in C(∆) [1, Thm. 3.9]. Note that q and q are SL2(Z)equivalent: q(x, y) = q(x,−y), so q and q represent the same integers. A discriminant ∆ is idoneal if every q ∈ C(∆) is ambiguous; this holds iff C(∆) ∼= (Z/2Z) for some r ∈ N. A quadratic form is idoneal if its discriminant is idoneal. A discriminant ∆ is bi-idoneal if C(∆) ∼= (Z/4Z) ⊕ (Z/2Z) for some r ∈ N. A quadratic form q is bi-idoneal if ∆ is bi-idoneal and q is not ambiguous. A full congruence class of primes is the set of all primes p 2∆ with p ≡ n (mod N) for fixed coprime positive integers n and N . We say q is regular if the set of primes p 2∆ represented by q is a union of full congruence classes.
Early Clinical and Pharmacokinetic Results of Lower Dose Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide, and High Dose Rituximab (FCR-Lite) for Patients with Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).

Introduction Standard FCR therapy in untreated CLL patients (F-25 mg/m2 d1–3 q 4wk; C-250 mg/m2 d 1–3 q 4wk; R-500 mg/m2 d1 q 4wk for 6 cycles) was recently reported to have complete remission (CR) of 70% and overall responses (OR) of 95% (J Clin Oncol 2005;23:4079). The major toxicity was grade 3/4 neutropenia during 52% of courses. One approach to decrease neutropenia without compromising efficacy could be by reducing the doses of F and C and increasing the dose of R. Methods We conducted a phase II study for previously untreated advanced CLL patients treated with FCR-Lite (F-20mg/m2 d1–3 q 4 wk; C-150 mg/m2 d1–3 q 4 wk; R-500mg/m2 d1 and d14 q 4wks; maintenance R-500 mg/m2 q 3 months until progression). A Simon two-stage design was used where 15 patients were accrued in the first stage and because of acceptable toxicity and response rate in stage I an additional 35 patients will be treated. The primary endpoint was response rate. Results Twenty eight patients (19 male, 9 female), age 36–85 years (median 58) were treated with a total of 154 FCR-Lite courses. All 28 patients were evaluable for toxicity. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred during 12 (8%) courses. There was one episode of neutropenic fever. Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia occurred during 4 (3%) courses. Grade III anemia occurred during 2 (1%) courses. One patient had pneumonia. Among the 21 evaluable patients for response, the CR rate was 86%, PR rate was 14% with an OR rate of 100%. Seventeen of the CR patients were tested by flow cytometry and had no evidence of CD5+/CD19+ cells in their bone marrow after therapy. Preliminary data from pharmacokinetics performed on 16 patients showed time dependent increase in trough and peak antibody concentrations throughout treatment (Table 1). Conclusions Our results in the first 28 patients suggest FCR-Lite is highly effective with considerably less grade 3/4 neutropenia than standard FCR. Complete responders had no detectable CD5+/CD19+ cells in their bone marrow following FCR-Lite. | Infusion No. | Concentration (μg/ml) (Mean) | |:-------------- | ---------------------------- | | C1,d1, before | | | C1,d1, after | 116.1 | | C1,d14, before | 10.0 | | C1,d14, after | 207.8 | | C2,d1, before | 33.2 | | C2,d1, after | 231.4 | | C3,d14, before | 125.3 | | C3,d14, after | 345.5 | | C4,d1, before | 173.2 | | C4,d1, after | 390.8 | Table 1. Serum Rituximab Concentrations Before and After Infusion (N=16 patients)
Estimating Radar Velocity using Direction of Arrival Measurements

Direction of Arrival (DOA) measurements, as with a monopulse antenna, can be compared against Doppler measurements in a Synthetic Aperture Radar ( SAR ) image to determine an aircraft's forward velocity as well as its crab angle, to assist the aircraft's navigation as well as improving high - performance SAR image formation and spatial calibration.
Theories and Practices about Bilingualism on the Education of the Deaf

Issues, challenges, and benefits of bilingualism have been frequently discussed in the literature for children who are hearing. This paper outlines the bilingual approaches for individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing. Using this framework, we present issues and challenges to consider for transition from the first language in sign to reading and writing in a different language. Finally we present evidence based and promising strategies to assist professionals in supporting language and cognitive development for individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing.
Initiative To Reduce Avoidable Hospitalizations Among Nursing Facility Residents Shows Promising Results

Nursing facility residents are frequently admitted to the hospital, and these hospital stays are often potentially avoidable. Such hospitalizations are detrimental to patients and costly to Medicar...
Democratic Age, Credibility, and Exchange Rate Policies

The inconsistency between the deeds and words of national governments on their exchange rate policies has long been recognized in the international political economy literature. The political roots of this inconsistency, however, has only begun to be studied despite its strong implication for institutional performances. This paper studies how 'democratic age' affects a government's choice between under- and over-reporting the stability of its exchange rates, the phenomena also known as 'fear of floating' and 'fear of pegging', respectively. Focusing on the incentives and constraints democratic age generates on governments, the paper finds that younger democracies with high (low) policy transparency are more likely to have fear of floating (pegging). This argument is tested on time-series cross-section data covering 73 democracies from 1981 to 2010.
Impact of KIR-ligand mismatch on outcomes after peripheral blood haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation.

7051Background: Historically, KIR-ligand mismatch (MM) has been associated with improved relapse free survival in AML patients after T-cell depleted haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplant (ha...