cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A class of planar well-covered graphs with girth four

Abstract : A well-covered graph is a graph in which every maximal independent set is a maximum independent set; Plummer introduced the concept in a 1970 paper. The notion of a 1 -well- covered graph was introduced by Staples in her 1975 dissertation: a well-covered -graph G is 1 -well-covered if and only if G-v is also well-covered for every point v in G. Except for K.) and C5, every 1- well-covered graph contains triangles or 4-cycles. Thus, triangle-free 1 -well- covered graphs necessarily have girth 4. We show that all planar 1-well-covered graphs of girth 4 belong to a specific infinite family, and we give a characterization of this family.
Multi-antenna near field cancellation duplexing for concurrent transmit and receive

Concurrent transmit and receive with multiple antennas is demonstrated through near field cancellation. Full-duplex operation is possible through cancellation of the transmit signal at the receiver as much as 50dB. By exploiting symmetry in an array of antennas, a centrally located receiver is able to operate without saturation in the presence of high power transmit signals. The transmitters are able to provide spatial diversity and 360-degree azimuthal coverage while maintaining the requisite cancellation. We demonstrate the basic concept and then explore the criteria within the RF components needed to maintain suitable cancellation.
Toward inclusive science education: University scientists' views of students,instructional practices, and the nature of science

This study examined the perceptions and self-reported practices of 18 scientists participating in a yearlong seminar series designed to explore issues of gender and ethnicity in science. Scientists and seminar were part of the Promoting Women and Scientific Literacy project, a curriculum transformation and professional development initiative undertaken by science, science education, and women's studies faculty at their university. Researchers treated participating scientists as critical friends able to bring clarity to and raise questions about conceptions of inclusion in science education. Through questionnaires and semistructured interviews, we explored their (a) rationales for differential student success in undergraduate science education; (b) self-reports of ways they structure, teach, and assess courses to promote inclusion; and (c) views of androcentric and ethnocentric bias in science. Statistical analysis of questionnaires yielded few differences in scientists' views and reported practices by sex or across time. Qualitative analysis of interviews offered insight into how scientists can help address the problem of women and ethnic minorities in science education; constraints encountered in attempts to implement pedagogical and curricular innovations; and areas of consensus and debate across scientists and science studies scholars' descriptions of science. From our findings, we provided recommendations for other professional developers working with scientists to promote excellence and equity in undergraduate science education. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Sci Ed86:42–78, 2001.
Influence of cell deformation on leukocyte rolling adhesion in shear flow.

Blood cell interaction with vascular endothelium is important in microcirculation, where rolling adhesion of circulating leukocytes along the surface of endothelial cells is a prerequisite for leukocyte emigration underflow conditions. HL-60 cell rolling adhesion to surface-immob ilized P-selectin in shear flow was investigated using a side-view flow chamber, which permitted measurements of cell deformation and cell-substrate contact length as well as cell rolling velocity. A two-dimensiona l model was developed based on the assumption that fluid energy input to a rolling cell was essentially distributed into two parts: cytoplasmic viscous dissipation, and energy needed to break adhesion bonds between the rolling cell and its substrate. The flow flelds of extracellular fluid and intracellular cytoplasm were solved using finite element methods with a deformable cell membrane represented by an elastic ring. The adhesion energy loss was calculated based on receptor-ligand kinetics equations. It was found that, as a result of shear-flow-induced cell deformation, cell-substrate contact area under high wall shear stresses (20 dyn/crrf) could be as much as twice of that under low stresses (0.5 dyn/cm'). An increase in contact area may cause more energy dissipation to both adhesion bonds and viscous cytoplasm, whereas the fluid energy input may decrease due to the flattened cell shape. Our model predicts that leukocyte rolling velocity will reach a plateau as shear stress increases, which agrees with both in vivo and in vitro experimental observations.
Early involvement of synapsin III in neural progenitor cell development in the adult hippocampus

Synapsin III is a synaptic vesicle-associated protein that is expressed in cells of the subgranular layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, a brain region known to sustain substantial levels of neurogenesis into adulthood. Here we tested the hypothesis that synapsin III plays a role in adult neurogenesis with synapsin III knockout and wild-type mice. Immunocytochemistry of the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus revealed that synapsin III colocalizes with markers of neural progenitor cell development (nestin, PSA-NCAM, NeuN, and Tuj1) but did not colocalize with markers of mitosis (Ki67 and PCNA). Because neurogenesis consists of a number of stages, the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of neural progenitor cells were systematically quantitated in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult synapsin III knockout and wild-type mice. We found a 30% decrease in proliferation and a 55% increase in survival of neural progenitor cells in synapsin III knockout mice. We also observed a 6% increase in the number of neural progenitor cells that differentiated into neurons. No difference in the volume of the dentate gyrus was observed between synapsin III knockout and wild-type mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate a novel role for synapsin III in regulating the proliferation of neural progenitor cells in the adult hippocampal dentate gyrus. These findings suggest a distinct function for this synaptic vesicle protein, in addition to its role in neurotransmission. J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1860–1870, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Performance of thermally-chargeable supercapacitors in different solvents

The influence of solvent on the temperature sensitivity of the electrode potential of thermally-chargeable supercapacitors (TCSs) is investigated. For large electrodes, the output voltage is positively correlated with the dielectric constant of solvent. When nanoporous carbon electrodes are used, different characteristics of system performance are observed, suggesting that possible size effects must be taken into consideration when the solvent molecules and solvated ions are confined in a nanoenvironment.
Reality-based models for vibration feedback in virtual environments

Reality-based modeling of vibrations has been used to enhance the haptic display of virtual environments for impact events such as tapping, although the bandwidths of many haptic displays make it difficult to accurately replicate the measured vibrations. We propose modifying reality-based vibration parameters through a series of perceptual experiments with a haptic display. We created a vibration feedback model, a decaying sinusoidal waveform, by measuring the acceleration of the stylus of a three degree-of-freedom haptic display as a human user tapped it on several real materials. A series of perceptual experiments, where human users rated the realism of various parameter combinations, were performed to further enhance the realism of the vibration display for impact events. The results provided different parameters than those derived strictly from acceleration data. Additional experiments verified the effectiveness of these modified model parameters by showing that users could differentiate between materials in a virtual environment.
Nonlinear liquid crystal Nano-metamaterials

Nano-metamaterials have been shown to exhibit unusual and configurable optical responses. In this paper we study visible-IR nonlinear transmission and all-optical switching enhancement of liquid crystals and neat organic liquids by dispersion of metallic nanospheres.
Learning to Make Facial Expressions

This paper explores the process of self-guided learning of realistic facial expression production by a robotic head with 31 degrees of freedom. Facial motor parameters were learned using feedback from real-time facial expression recognition from video. The experiments show that the mapping of servos to expressions was learned in under one-hour of training time. We discuss how our work may help illuminate the computational study of how infants learn to make facial expressions.
Passive microwave radiometry, fractals, and ocean dynamics

An idea to explore fractal structures in the field of ocean microwave radiance is suggested. To solve this problem we must be able to relate natural ocean surface features to their thermal microwave emission signatures. This task has two problems: (1) the study of hydrodynamic fractal structures in the ocean, and (2) the creation of an adequate microwave imaging model. One possibility is to consider a fractal model of the ocean surface with scaling (power law) wave number spectra. Microwave emission effects from a rough water surface are calculated quite using a small-perturbation approach well known in the ocean passive microwave radiometry. Combined computer simulations allow us to generate microwave fractal images and local patterns. Some related experimental data have been found previously during polarimetric scanning radiometer measurements.
Acknowledging Intergenerational Moral Responsibility in the Aftermath of Genocide

This article argues for the claim that we are morally responsible (in the qualified sense proposed in the article) for the crimes of our ancestors if our ancestors, as a collectivity, were part of a community for whose sake and in whose name crimes were committed that meet the definition of the crime of genocide. This claim of “vicarious intergenerational moral responsibility” is supported by two arguments. The first counters the claim that one cannot have responsibilities for events in the past by arguing that this claim oversimplifies one's relationship to one's past and the collectivities in which people live. Such collectivities, both ethnic and religious, have identities across time; identification with these collectivities involves accepting certain moral obligations. The second argument is based on the following premise: the political, social, cultural, and educational institutions that mark all large collectivities, such as nations, provide a degree of moral reliability that is necessary for indiv...
Disulfide Scrambling in IgG2 Monoclonal Antibodies: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations

To explore potential non-canonical disulfide linkages feasible in human IgG2 mAbs via molecular dynamics simulations of a model system, Hinge++. Hinge++ is derived from the crystal structure of a full-length murine IgG2a antibody by replacing its core hinge region with human IgG2 hinge. Fv and CH3 domains were discarded to speed up calculations. Eight independent simulations, grouped in four sets, were performed. In the control set, disulfide bonding is identical to canonical human IgG2 mAb. Different numbers of disulfide bonds were broken in the remaining three sets. Two Fabs move towards Fc asymmetrically repeatedly leading to spatial proximity of LC.Cys214 and HC.Cys128 residues in one Fab with Cys residues in the upper hinge region, which could initiate disulfide scrambling. Local dynamics place the eight hinge region Cys residues in a large number of proximal positions which could facilitate non-canonical inter- and intra- heavy chain disulfide linkages in the hinge region. Consistent with experimental studies, our simulations indicate inter-chain disulfide linkages in human IgG2 mAbs are degenerate. Potential rational design strategies to devise hinge stabilized human IgG2 mAbs are gleaned.
Nazifying Christian Theology: Walter Grundmann and the Institute for the Study and Eradication of Jewish Influence on German Church Life

The Third Reich's Kirchenkampf (church struggle) is sometimes mistakenly understood as referring to the Protestant churches' resistance to National Socialism. In fact, the term refers to an internal dispute between members of the Bekennende Kirche [Confessing Church (hereafter BK)] and members of the Deutsche Christen [German Christians (hereafter DC)] over control of the Protestant church. While not all members of the BK opposed Hitler's policies, the movement called for an autonomy of the church from National Socialist legal measures, particularly the racial laws, motivated both by theological and political considerations. The DC, by contrast, sought to introduce National Socialist policies and ideology into the church, especially Nazi racial laws, and modify church doctrine in accord with National Socialist ideology. Yet the antisemitism at the heart of the DC has been either ignored or marginalized by most historians. Indeed, some historians have incorrectly suggested that the DC underwent a dissolution at the end of 1933, from which it never recovered, or have presented the DC as a political creation of National Socialism, ignoring its theological roots.
Human and policy dimensions of soundscape ecology

Abstract Soundscape ecology is an emergent and potentially transformative scientific discipline. However, the majority of research within the field has been conducted by natural scientists focused on quantifying the characteristics and dynamics of soundscapes and examining their effect on non-human biota. A more holistic approach to the science and management of soundscapes requires full integration with the social and policy sciences. To facilitate the development of this integration, we propose an integrative human and policy dimensions of soundscape ecology framework that conceptualizes the complex and dynamic relationships between humans and their acoustic environments. The framework is grounded in four distinct disciplines – health, psychology, economics and anthropology – that have used different methodologies and metrics to focus on certain aspects of human–soundscape interactions. We provide a review of previous empirical research within each of these fields. Along the way, we identify unexplored avenues of discipline-specific research that can further the field of soundscape ecology. The human and policy dimensions of soundscape ecology framework provide the logic and structure upon which an interdisciplinary body of scholarship can be built in the future. We conclude by utilizing our review and integrative framework to propose specific focused soundscape policy and management recommendations. We argue the anthropogenic dominance of soundscapes can be mitigated through more proactive, integrative and holistic soundscape policies and management practices.
Carotid artery aneurysm resulting in myxedema coma

Abstract Intra-sellar aneurysms are a rare, but important consideration when evaluating pituitary masses. Identification of aneurysms is critical to appropriate treatment and avoiding perilous consequences. These vascular aneurysms can result in severe endocrine dysfunction due to mass effect, stripping of the vascular supply to the pituitary, or hemorrhage. Here we describe a novel case of spontaneous myxedema coma and pituitary apoplexy secondary to a large internal carotid artery aneurysm.
Relative influence of habitat complexity and proximity to patch edges on seagrass epifaunal communities

Habitat structure at many scales influences faunal communities. Although habitat structure at different scales often covaries, studies rarely examine the relative effects of structure at multiple scales on faunal density and diversity. In shallow-water seagrass systems, epifaunal density at local scales generally increases with increased habitat structural complexity (e.g. shoot density per unit area). In turn, structural complexity often varies with other aspects of habitat structure at patch scales, such as proximity to patch edges, which itself modifies ecological processes that structure epifaunal communities. We conducted surveys and a manipulative experiment in the eelgrass Zostera marina beds of San Diego Bay, California, USA, to determine (1) whether eelgrass structural complexity, epifaunal density and diversity, and fish (predator) density and diversity vary with proximity to patch edges, and (2) the relative influences of structural complexity, proximity to patch edges and predator presence on epifaunal distribution. Seagrass structural complexity generally increased from patch edges to patch interiors at all sites and in all sampling periods. However, patterns of epifaunal density, diversity, and biomass varied among sites and sampling periods, with density and biomass increasing from patch edges to interiors at some sites and decreasing at others. In the manipulative experiment, we allowed epifauna to colonize sparse or dense artificial seagrass habitat at both the edge and interior of a seagrass patch, and enclosed a subset of experimental units in predator exclusion cages. Overall, proximity to patch edges had a larger influence on epifaunal density and community structure than did structural complexity or predation, with the exception of some common taxa which responded more strongly to either complexity or predator exclusion. Our results emphasize the importance of addressing and evaluating habitat structure at multiple scales to better understand the distribution and interactions of organisms in a particular environment.
Method for the Collection and HPLC Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide and Cl and C2 Hydroperoxides in the Atmosphere

Abstract An HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) method was developed to quantify hydrogen peroxide, methyl hydroperoxide. Hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide, ethyl hydroperoxide, and peroxyaectic acid in the atmosphere. Gas-phase hydroperoxides are collected in aqueous solution using a continuous-flow glass scrubbing coil and then analyzed by an HPLC postcolumn derivatization system. The detection system is based on fluorescence, produced by the product of the reaction of hydroperoxides with peroxidase and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. Reproducibilities are better than 3% for all hydroperoxides in aqueous concentrations of 1 × 10−7–6 × 10−7 M. Detection limits in aqueous concentration are 1.2 × 10−9 M for hydrogen peroxide, 1.5 × 10−9 M for hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide, 2.9 × 10−9 M for methyl hydroperoxide, 16 × 10−9 M for peroxyaectic acid, and 19 × 10−9 M for ethyl hydroperoxide. Corresponding gas-phase detection limits are 5 PPtv for hydrogen peroxide, 7 pptv for hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide, 13 pptv f...
Negotiating Language Policies in Schools: Educators as Policymakers, by Menken, K., & García, O. (Eds.)

This edited work includes 14 chapters that qualitatively explore how teachers, across six continents and in various political contexts, negotiate top-down language policies in their classrooms. Neg...
Fiber-optic immunochemical sensor for continuous, reversible measurement of phenytoin

This fiber optic sensor, based on a homogeneous fluorescence energy-transfer immunoassay, operates in a continuous, reversible manner to quantify the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin. B-Phycoerythrin-phenytoin and Texas Red-labeled antibody to phenytoin were sealed inside a short length of cellulose dialysis tubing, which was cemented to the distal end of an optical fiber. When the sensor was alternately placed into solutions with various concentrations of free phenytoin, the drug crossed the dialysis membrane and displaced a fraction of the B-phycoerythrin-phenytoin from the antibody. The resulting change in fluorescence signal was measured with a fiber optic fluorometer. A typical competitive-binding calibration curve was seen between 5 and 500 mumol of phenytoin per liter. Equilibrium response time ranged from 5 to 30 min for different sensors. Replicate equilibrium measurements with one sensor, alternated eight times between two solutions of phenytoin, gave a CV of 2.1% (n = 16) at 0 mumol/L and 2.4% (n = 13) at 100 mumol/L. A reversible immunochemical sensor can be made that has a response time suitable for continuous concentration measurements.
A Veblenian Feminist Articulation of Monetary Theory of Production

The article presents a further articulation of the monetary theory of production inspired by the writings of Thorstein Veblen. Particularly I offer a formulation of the monetary theory of production as part of broader theorizing about social provisioning and the life process. This includes an analytical focus on non-commodities; an extension of the Veblenian dichotomy to non-market activities; discussion of Veblen’s theory of social valuation in connection to monetary theory of production and class; delineation of as social processes that constitute social provisioning and their commodity and non-commodity aspects. The goal is bridging the gap between monetary theory of production and analysis of “the social.”
COASTAL AND ESTUARINE HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING IN CURVILINEAR GRIDS

A time-dependent three-dimensional numerical model of coastal and estuarine circulation, which allows the use of generalized curvilinear grids to resolve the complex shoreline geometry and bathymetry, has been developed. Model formulation is briefly presented, followed by example model applications to such water bodies as Lake Okeechobee, James River and Chesapeake Bay.
Hydrophilic Surface Modification of Microporous Polymer Membranes Using A Variety of Low-Temperature Plasma Treatments

A variety of plasma treatments have been employed to achieve permanent hydrophilic surfaces throughout the membrane structure. Specifically, we have modified microporous polyethersulfone (PES) membranes using H2O, CO2, and N2 plasma treatments to implant polar functional groups; alternatively, Ar-plasma treatment followed by grafting of hydrophilic monomers (acrylic acid and acrylamide) in the vapor phase has also been successful at modifying PES membranes. PES membranes treated with H2O and CO2 plasmas as well as the grafted membranes are found to be permanently hydrophilic (for a minimum of six months), and the entire membrane cross-section is modified. Chemical changes to the modified PES membranes were determined with FTIR and XPS measurements. Furthermore, water bubble point measurements and electron microscopy results reveal that pore sizes of the modified membranes are only slightly affected, depending on the treatment. Incorporation of polar functionalities results in an increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) and a moderate change in tensile strength of the modified membranes. Most importantly, the surfaces of the modified membrane are less susceptible to absorption by bovine serum albumin (BSA) proteins.
Street-Level Organizations, Inequality, and the Future of Human Services

In a time of increasing economic precariousness, social vulnerability, and inequality, human service organizations are being put to the test. At the frontlines of efforts to address social needs, t...
Genomic Landscape of Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) and Solo LTRs as Shaped by Ectopic Recombination in Chicken and Zebra Finch

Transposable elements (TEs) are nearly ubiquitous among eukaryotic genomes, but TE contents vary dramatically among phylogenetic lineages. Several mechanisms have been proposed as drivers of TE dynamics in genomes, including the fixation/loss of a particular TE insertion by selection or drift as well as structural changes in the genome due to mutation (e.g., recombination). In particular, recombination can have a significant and directional effect on the genomic TE landscape. For example, ectopic recombination removes internal regions of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) as well as one long terminal repeat (LTR), resulting in a solo LTR. In this study, we focus on the intra-species dynamics of LTR-RTs and solo LTRs in bird genomes. The distribution of LTR-RTs and solo LTRs in birds is intriguing because avian recombination rates vary widely within a given genome. We used published linkage maps and whole genome assemblies to study the relationship between recombination rates and LTR-removal events in the chicken and zebra finch. We hypothesized that regions with low recombination rates would harbor more full-length LTR-RTs (and fewer solo LTRs) than regions with high recombination rates. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the ratio of full-length LTR-RTs and solo LTRs across chromosomes, across non-overlapping megabase windows, and across physical features (i.e., centromeres and telomeres). The chicken data statistically supported the hypothesis that recombination rates are inversely correlated with the ratio of full-length to solo LTRs at both the chromosome level and in 1-Mb non-overlapping windows. We also found that the ratio of full-length to solo LTRs near chicken telomeres was significantly lower than those ratios near centromeres. Our results suggest a potential role of ectopic recombination in shaping the chicken LTR-RT genomic landscape.
Discuss Work Process about How to Improve Body in White CMM Qualification Rate

In order to improve body in white's manufacturing precision,analyze body in white manufacturing problems,monitor some key process as supplier part's quality control,car producer's fixture improvement、rack improvement and so on,offer method to improve body in white's manufacturing precision.
Use of aerosols to measure in vivo volume-dependent changes in lung air space dimensions.

Using measurements of aerosol recovery following a 5-s breath hold [NRC(5)] as indices of lung air space dimensions, we evaluated the in vivo changes in these dimensions associated with changes in ...
Nursing Information Behavior (NIB) in the Context of Help-Seeking

This research explores two elements of the information behavior of homecare nurses, their commonly identified information drivers and frequently used information leads and conduits. Additionally, information behavior is examined in the context of the nurses’ help-seeking motivators. Cette recherche explore deux elements du comportement informationnel des infirmiers et infirmieres a domicile, leurs priorites informationnelles habituellement identifiees et les pistes et comportements informationnels generalement utilises. En outre, le comportement informationnel est examine dans le contexte des facteurs de motivation de l’aide a la recherche des infirmiers et infirmieres.
A Novel Series-Parallel Identifier for Microcomputer Process Control

Abstract A s eries- p arallel or SP adaptive identifier [1-4] with enhanced tracking capabilities and transient response characteristics is highlighted. The a posteriori tracking error is incorporated into the identification algorithm. Enchanced performance is achieved by passing the process inputs and outputs through high-pass digital filters and then applying these filtered signals to the adaptation algorithm. The asymptotic hyperstability of this SP identifier with variable relaxation gains, which are positive functions of the tracking error between the process and identifier outputs, has been proved theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Computational considerations for implementing SP identifiers on microcomputers are noted and on-line computational requirements are indicated.
Motivating Language and Workplace Outcomes

Motivating language theory foundations rest on evidence that links it to important workplace outcomes. This chapter summarizes existing research on motivating language and its outcomes using multiple relationships and outcome measures. We present ML’s outcomes in three sections: outcomes that primarily benefit organizations, outcomes that primarily benefit followers, and causal evidence and ML antecedents.
Reprint of: Microstructural evolution of neutron irradiated 3C-SiC

Abstract The microstructural response of neutron irradiated 3C-SiC have been investigated over a wide irradiation temperature and fluence range via qualitative and quantitative synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction characterization. We identify several neutron fluence- and irradiation temperature-dependent changes in the microstructure, and directly highlight the specific defects introduced through the course of irradiation. By quantifying the microstructure, we aim to develop a more detailed understanding of the radiation response of SiC. Such studies are important to build mechanistic models of material performance and to understand the susceptibility of various microstructures to radiation damage for advanced energy applications.
Preoperative Prediction of the Necessity for Anterior Clinoidectomy During Microsurgical Clipping of Ruptured Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms.

Background Although most posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms can be clipped easily with excellent results, some require anterior clinoidectomy for safe and complete clipping. Objective To review our microsurgical series of ruptured PCoA aneurysms and identify the preoperative predictors for anterior clinoidectomy during microsurgical clipping for PCoA aneurysms. Methods Results from microsurgical clipping of 104 patients with ruptured PCoA aneurysms were reviewed retrospectively. Distances and angles were obtained from computed tomographic angiography and compared between the anterior and nonanterior clinoidectomy groups. Results Anterior clinoidectomy was required in 19 of the 104 cases (18%). None developed surgical complications due to anterior clinoid process (ACP) resection, including postoperative visual deficit. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the distances from the ACP tip to the aneurysmal proximal neck and from the ACP line to the aneurysmal proximal neck were statistically significant predictive factors for the need of anterior clinoidectomy. Based on a receiver operating characteristic analysis, the distances from the ACP tip to the aneurysmal proximal neck Conclusions In case of ruptured PCoA aneurysm surgery, the distances from the ACP tip to the aneurysmal proximal neck and from the ACP line to the aneurysmal proximal neck were both found to be useful predictors of whether anterior clinoidectomy was required.
Challenges and innovations in building a product knowledge graph: extended abstract

Knowledge graphs have been used to support a wide range of applications and enhance search results for multiple major search engines, such as Google and Bing. At Amazon we are building a Product Graph, an authoritative knowledge graph for all products in the world. The thousands of product verticals we need to model, the vast number of data sources we need to extract knowledge from, the huge volume of new products we need to handle every day, and the various applications in Search, Discovery, Personalization, Voice, that we wish to support, all present big challenges in constructing such a graph.In this talk we describe four scientific directions we are investigating in building and using such a graph, namely, harvesting product knowledge from the web, hands-off-the-wheel knowledge integration and cleaning, human-in-the-loop knowledge learning, and graph mining and graph-enhanced search. This talk will present our progress to achieve near-term goals in each direction, and show the many research opportunities towards our moon-shot goals.
Enhanced Vector Math Support on the Intel®AVX-512 Architecture

The Intel®AVX-512 architecture adds new capabilities such as masked execution, floating-point exception suppression and static rounding modes, as well as a small set of new instructions for mathematical library support. These new features allow for better compliance with floating-point or language standards (e.g. no spurious floating-point exceptions, and faster or more accurate code for directed rounding modes), as well as simpler, smaller footprint implementations that eliminate branches and special case paths. Performance is also improved, in particular for vector mathematical functions (which benefit from easier processing in the main path, and fast access to small lookup tables). In this paper, we describe the relevant new features and their possible applications to floating-point computation. The code examples include a few compact implementation sequences for some common vector mathematical functions.
Ammonothermal growth of bulk GaN crystals (Conference Presentation)

Recent advances in the ammonothermal growth of bulk, single crystal GaN will be presented. Building on demonstrated improvements in growth rate and purity of basic ammonothermal GaN crystals using capsule systems, new experimental setups were developed enabling in situ temperature measurements of the supercritical fluid simultaneously in the growth and dissolution zone during crystal growth. New insight which has been gained leveraging these probes will be presented, with a particular focus on impurity incorporation trends over a range of process conditions and fundamental insight into the growth kinetics. The continued pursuit of improved growth rate and reduced defect density material has led to the development of novel autoclave systems which may permit exploration of novel chemistries to enable growth of bulk III-N crystals using the ammonothermal method.
Low energy differential elastic electron scattering from acetonitrile (CH 3 CN).

Measurements of elastic differential cross sections for electron scattering from acetonitrile (CH3CN) have been performed utilizing a crossed electron-molecular beam experiment and with the relative flow method, for the incident electron energy range of 0.7 eV-30 eV and the scattering angle range of 10°-130°. These differential cross sections have been used to calculate the elastic integral and momentum-transfer cross sections, revealing a π * resonance located around 3 eV. The elastic differential cross sections are compared with available theoretical models using the R-matrix method and the Schwinger multichannel method.
Outcomes of 92 patient-driven family studies for reclassification of variants of uncertain significance.

Family studies are an important but underreported source of information for reclassification of variants of uncertain significance (VUS). We evaluated outcomes of a patient-driven framework that offered familial VUS reclassification analysis to any adult with any clinically ascertained VUS from any laboratory in the United States. With guidance from FindMyVariant.org, participants recruited their own relatives for study participation. We genotyped relatives, calculated quantitative cosegregation likelihood ratios, and evaluated variant classifications using Tavtigian’s unified framework for Bayesian analysis with American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) criteria. We report participation and VUS reclassification rates from the 50 families enrolled for at least one year and reclassification results for 112 variants from the larger 92-family cohort. For the 50-family cohort, 6.7 relatives per family were invited to participate and 67% of relatives returned samples for genotyping. Sixty-one percent of VUS were reclassified, 84% of which were classified as benign or likely benign. Genotyping relatives identified a de novo variant, phase variants, and relatives with phenotypes highly specific for or incompatible with specific classifications. Motivated families can contribute to successful VUS reclassification at substantially higher rates than those previously published. Clinical laboratories could consider offering family studies to all patients with VUS.
Classical and Molecular Carrot Breeding

Classical plant breeding approaches have succeeded in improving the productivity of the carrot crop for growers and the quality of the crop for consumers over the last century. A significant breeding focus has been on genetic control of male fertility to assure successful production of hybrid cultivars, with relatively little emphasis on formal studies of other reproductive traits such as seed yield and vernalization requirements, or on crop morphology. Another strong focus for carrot breeders has been selection for resistance to Alternaria leaf blight and root-knot nematodes. Future crop producers will likely face more challenging abiotic threats and additional biotic threats to the crop, and little effort has been directed to those traits. In an effort to improve carrot consumer quality, pigments and flavor compounds have received much attention by carrot breeders. With the expansion of carrot global markets, a broader range of consumer traits may require attention as carrot breeding programs move forward. The sequencing of the carrot genome provides an important foundation for a better understanding of the genetics of traits important for growers and consumers, for developing molecular tools to accelerate the breeding process, and for identifying genes of potential interest for gene editing. The breadth of genetic diversity in carrot germplasm is a valuable resource that will provide an important foundation for future carrot breeding. A better understanding of that diversity will be needed to take full advantage of it, and the carrot genome sequence will provide insights into that understanding.
Moral distress of nurses surrounding neonatal abstinence syndrome: Application of a theoretical framework.

Topic Neonatal nurses who care for infants with symptoms of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) may experience moral distress through conflicting professional ethics. The nurse may find it difficult to simultaneously exemplify beneficence and nonmaleficence. Objective The purpose of this paper is to explore the moral distress of nurses in the context of infants experiencing symptoms of NAS and apply a new conceptual model to this phenomenon. Understanding how nurses navigate moral dilemmas may provide insight into strategies to better support them to address moral conflict. Methods Moral distress was explored in the context of nurses who care for infants with symptoms of NAS. A literature review was completed, followed by the application of the model onto the derived themes. Results The theoretical application resulted in a framework that exemplifies the experience of caring for infants with symptoms of NAS and their families described by many nurses within the literature. If moral distress is not resolved, negative outcomes may be experienced by the nurse, with additional negative outcomes experienced by the family. Conclusion This theoretical model provided insight into the experience of moral distress surrounding nursing care for infants with symptoms of NAS. Additional research is needed to investigate moral residue and moral resilience in this particular caregiving dynamic.
Ascending Aortic Dissection, Penetrating Aortic Ulcer, and Intramural Hematoma

Acute aortic dissection has been among the most lethal entities in the medical literature for centuries. The incidence of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is 3.5–6 in 100,000 but increases with age and demonstrates a male predominance. Risk factors in older adults include traditional cardiovascular risk factors, while younger patients are more likely to have a connective tissue disorder. Dissection begins as a tear in the intima and if it involves the ascending aorta or arch only it is classified as type A in the Stanford system. The Penn classification is used to assess the degree of organ system malperfusion present in dissection. Clinical presentation as well as biomarkers, such as D-dimer, is used for diagnosis, while confirmation is typically made with imaging including CT, TEE, and MR. Guiding principles of dissection management involve prompt recognition, transfer to intensive care for monitoring, and immediate impulse control – specifically reduction in heart rate, blood pressure, and LV ejection force, or dp/dt. Surgical repair is the mainstay of acute type A aortic dissection treatment, yet the optimal approach to surgery remains unknown. Diverse options include the extent of repair to be attempted (such as arch replacement or root replacement), use of hybrid endovascular modalities (such as frozen elephant trunk technique), cannulation site, and cerebral perfusion strategy. Other acute aortic syndromes include intramural hematoma (blood from the vasa vasorum infiltrates the medial layer) and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (plaque erodes through the internal elastic lamina into the media).
Effects of Spinal Stabilization Exercises Using Visual Feedback on Gross Motor Function and Balance in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Purpose: This study examined the effects of spinal stabilization exercises using visual feedback on the gross motor function and balance of the sitting posture in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: The subjects were 18 children with cerebral palsy aged 8-15 years in the I-III stages of the Gross Motor Function Classification System. The subjects were divided into an experimental group (n=9) and control group (n=9). The experimental group was treated with 30 minutes of neurodevelopmental treatment and 20 minutes of spinal stabilization exercises using visual feedback. The control group was treated with 30 minutes of neurodevelopmental treatment and 20 minutes of spinal stabilization exercises without visual feedback. Both groups participated in the experiment twice a week for eight weeks. The Gross Motor Function Measurement was performed to evaluate the changes between pre- and the post-intervention in gross motor function. The Seated Limit of Stability Surface Area was measured to evaluate the changes in trunk balance. Results: Both experimental and control groups showed a significant increase in the gross motor function and trunk balance (p<0.05). The experimental group showed a significant increase in gross motor function compared to the control group (p<0.05). The experimen tal group showed a significant increase in the dynamic trunk balance in all directions when measuring the Seated Limit of Stability Sur face Area (p<0.05). Conclusion: Spinal stabilization exercises using visual feedback for the neurodevelopmental treatment of children with cerebral palsy can improve their gross motor function and trunk balance when in a sitting posture more effectively.
Cytoreductive Surgery and HIPEC in an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program: A Feasibility Study.

Abstract Background Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have historically been associated with high morbidity given the physiologic insult of an extensive operation. Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) pathways have been successful in improving postoperative outcomes for many procedures but have not been well studied in these cases. We examined the feasibility and effect of ERAS pathway implementation for patients undergoing CRS/HIPEC. Materials and methods Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis who underwent CRS/HIPEC between October 2015 to September 2018 were identified. Patient characteristics, disease pathology, and perioperative outcome data were obtained. Primary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS), 30-d readmissions, renal dysfunction, and complications. Results Of the 31 patients who were included, 11 (35.5%) patients underwent CRS/HIPEC prior to the implementation of the ERAS pathway, and 20 (64.5%) patients underwent CRS/HIPEC according to the ERAS guidelines. There were no significant differences in the baseline clinical or pathologic characteristics between groups. There was a significant decrease in LOS with ERAS pathway management from 9 d to 6 d (P = 0.002). No patients from either cohort experienced acute kidney injury. There was no significant difference in 30-d readmission rates or complications. Conclusions In this feasibility study, ERAS pathway utilization significantly decreased postoperative LOS for patients undergoing CRS/HIPEC, without evidence of increased complications or readmissions. ERAS programs should be considered for integration into future CRS/HIPEC protocols.
From $p$-adic to Archimedean Physics: Renormalization Group Flow and Berkovich Spaces

We introduce the $p$-adic particle-in-a-box as a free particle with periodic boundary conditions in the $p$-adic spatial domain. We compute its energy spectrum, and show that the spectrum of the Archimedean particle-in-a-box can be recovered from the $p$-adic spectrum via an Euler product formula. This product formula arises from a flow equation in Berkovich space, which we interpret as a space of theories connected by a kind of renormalization group flow. We propose that Berkovich spaces can be used to relate $p$-adic and Archimedean quantities generally.
Learning to Predict Crystal Plasticity at the Nanoscale: Deep Residual Networks and Size Effects in Uniaxial Compression Discrete Dislocation Simulations

The density and configurational changes of crystal dislocations during plastic deformation influence the mechanical properties of materials. These influences have become clearest in nanoscale experiments, in terms of strength, hardness and work hardening size effects in small volumes. The mechanical characterization of a model crystal may be cast as an inverse problem of deducing the defect population characteristics (density, correlations) in small volumes from the mechanical behavior. In this work, we demonstrate how a deep residual network can be used to deduce the dislocation characteristics of a sample of interest using only its surface strain profiles at small deformations, and then statistically predict the mechanical response of size-affected samples at larger deformations. As a testbed of our approach, we utilize high-throughput discrete dislocation simulations for systems of widths that range from nano- to micro- meters. We show that the proposed deep learning model significantly outperforms a traditional machine learning model, as well as accurately produces statistical predictions of the size effects in samples of various widths. By visualizing the filters in convolutional layers and saliency maps, we find that the proposed model is able to learn the significant features of sample strain profiles.
Symmetry Fundamentalism: A Case Study from Classical Physics

Physicists have suggested what I call symmetry fundamentalism: the view that symmetries are fundamental aspects of physical reality and that these aspects are more fundamental than what one might ordinarily think of as the fundamental building blocks of the world, such as elementary particles. The goal of this paper is to develop an ontology for classical particle mechanics that provides a precise instance of symmetry fundamentalism.
Lost in conversation.

I first met Mrs. Johnson during the second week of my family medicine rotation. She was a kind 64-year old woman with light blue eyes and ashen-gray hair. She was also morbidly obese. She sat next ...