cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
New diagnosis of sarcoidosis during treatment for breast cancer, with radiologic–pathologic correlation

A 63-year old female with right breast cancer underwent lumpectomy, with axillary lymph nodes negative for metastatic carcinoma but demonstrating noncaseating granulomatous lymphadenitis. These histopathologic findings, in conjunction with thoracic lymphadenopathy and diffuse splenic nodules on computed tomography, were consistent with sarcoidosis. This unusually novel case of concomitant diagnosis of breast cancer and sarcoidosis case reminds both the radiologist and pathologist to keep in mind the possibility of alternate or new diagnoses when reading their respective studies.
Flavonoid Constituents from Eupatorium altissimum L. (Compositae)

An aqueous ethanol extract of Eupatorium altissimum L. (Compositae) showed confirmed activity in the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia assay in mice, and the chloroform solubles showed both cytotoxic activity in the 9KB carcinoma of the nasopharynx cell culture assay and antitumor activity in the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia assay. Two flavones, eupatorin and 5-hydroxy-3′,4′,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone, were isolated and identified. Both were devoid of cytotoxic and antitumor activity.
Self-Defeating Personality, Argumentativeness, and Assertive Self-Statements:

55 men and 55 women were administered Schill's Self-defeating Personality Scale, an argumentativeness scale, and a measure of assertive self-statements. Women with higher scores on the Self-defeating Personality Scale had lower scores on the argumentativeness scale. Both men and women scoring higher on the Self-defeating Personality Scale recalled having thoughts which inhibited them from making assertive statements. These results were discussed as supporting prior research showing that persons reporting more self-defeating characteristics were relatively unassertive.
The limits of fine-scale mapping.

When a novel genetic trait arises in a population, it introduces a signal in the haplotype distribution of that population. Through recombination, that signal’s history becomes differentiated from the DNA distant to it, but remains similar to the DNA close by. Fine-scale mapping techniques rely on this differentiation to pinpoint trait loci. In this study, we analyzed the differentiation itself to better understand how much information is available to these techniques. Simulated alleles on known recombinant coalescent trees show the upper limit for fine-scale mapping. Varying characteristics of the population being studied increase or decrease this limit. The initial uncertainty in map position has the most direct influence on the final precision of the estimate, with wider initial areas resulting in wider final estimates, though the increase is sigmoidal rather than linear. The θ of the trait (4Nμ) is also important, with lower values for θ resulting in greater precision of trait placement up to a point—the increase is sigmoidal as θ decreases. Collecting data from more individuals can increase precision, though only logarithmically with the total number of individuals, so that each added individual contributes less to the final precision. However, a case/control analysis has the potential to greatly increase the effective number of individuals, as the bulk of the information lies in the differential between affected and unaffected genotypes. If haplotypes are unknown due to incomplete penetrance, much information is lost, with more information lost the less indicative phenotype is of the underlying genotype.
Enhanced Expression of Pulmonary γ-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase Heavy Subunit in Rats Exposed to Cadmium Aerosols

This investigation sought to determine the effect of cadmium (Cd) aerosol exposure on the pulmonary expression of the heavy subunit (HS) of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo synthesis of glutathione (GSH). Using Northern hybridization analysis, we demonstrated that CdO inhalation caused time- and dose-dependent increases in the steady-state levels of gamma-GCS-HS mRNA that were highly correlated with lung Cd burden. Observed increases in gamma-GCS-HS gene expression were maximal 2 h following a single aerosol exposure to Cd and appeared to be triggered by an oxidant stress, characterized by a decline in the reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio. Immunoblotting of proteins in lung extracts from treated and untreated animals produced a single protein band corresponding to a molecular weight of 73 kDa. Elevated levels of gamma-GCS-HS mRNA and gamma-GCS-HS protein in lungs of Cd-exposed animals were also accompanied by higher gamma-GCS enzymatic activity and elevations in glutathione (GSH). Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies were used to identify compartments in the lung where Cd-induced expression of gamma-GCS-HS was localized. The most prominent staining for gamma-GCS-HS protein and gamma-GCS-HS mRNA was observed in the alveolar epithelium of Cd-exposed animals. Quantitative image analysis confirmed a good agreement between relative levels of protein and mRNA transcripts for gamma-GCS-HS. These observations suggest that resistance to Cd toxicity in the lung may reflect the ability of specific lung cells to upregulate gamma-GCS expression and increase de novo GSH synthesis as an adaptive response.
Cut-and-sew: a distributed autonomous localization algorithm for 3D surface wireless sensor networks

Location awareness is imperative for a variety of sensing applications and network operations. Although a diversity of GPS-less and GPS-free solutions have been developed recently for autonomous localization in wireless sensor networks, they primarily target at 2D planar or 3D volumetric settings. There exists unique and fundamental hardness to extend them to 3D surface. The contributions of this work are twofold. First, it proposes a theoretically-proven algorithm for the 3D surface localization problem. Seeing the challenges to localize general 3D surface networks and the solvability of the localization problem on single-value (SV) surface, this work proposes the {\em cut-and-sew} algorithm that takes a divide-and-conquer approach by partitioning a general 3D surface network into SV patches, which are localized individually and then merged into a unified coordinates system. The algorithm is optimized by discovering the minimum SV partition, an optimal partition that creates a minimum set of SV patches. Second, it develops practically-viable solutions for real-world sensor network settings where the inputs are often noisy. The proposed algorithm is implemented and evaluated via simulations and experiments in an indoor testbed. The results demonstrate that the proposed cut-and-sew algorithm achieves perfect 100% localization rate and the desired robustness against measurement errors.
Gas and Solution Phase Reactivities of Triplet Aromatic Carbonyls

Absolute rate studies pertinent to the gas and solution phase photochemistry of triplet benzaldehyde, acetophenone and benzophenone have been carried out, and it has been confirmed that, in the gas phase, attack on a hydrocarbon by the carbonyl results in the expected hydrogen abstraction. Also absolute rates in both the gas phase and solution (acetonitrile) are quite comparable. For a given carbonyl the differences in the rates of abstraction are largely accounted for by activation energy changes. The activation energies vary from a high of 4.8 kcal mol−1 for abstraction of a primary hydrogen by acetophenone to a low of 1.4 kcal mol−1 for abstraction of tertiary hydrogen by benzaldehyde. At room temperature the relative reactivities of primary, secondary and tertiary C—H bonds for all the carbonyls are 1:23:190. In solution benzophenone is two times more reactive than acetophenone, while benzaldehyde is ten times more reactive. In the gas phase benzaldehyde is about 18 times more reactive than acetophenone. Molecular orbital calculations indicate that the greater reactivity of benzaldehyde as compared to acetophenone stems from steric hindrance in the latter. The quenching of acetophenone triplets by various other substrates including naphthalene, benzene, isopropanol and triethylamine is also discussed.
Measurements of the removal of Cr51-labeled endotoxin from the circulation in experimental animals.

Abstract Endotoxin (lipo-polysaccharide from E. coli ) labeled with Cr 51 has been found in normal rabbits to be taken up by the reticuloendothelial system (RES). In investigations with both normal rabbits and rabbits made tolerant by repeated injections of endotoxin, various techniques have been utilized to measure the clearance of endotoxin from the circulation and its uptake by different organs and functional units. By cannulating a carotid artery and leading the cannula through a scintillation crystal into the opposite jugular vein, clearances from the blood of Cr 51 endotoxin, I 131 -labeled compounds and colloidal Au 198 have been measured. This method was correlated with the uptake curves obtained by external counting over the liver and with the disappearance curves obtained by an external counter focused over the head to reflect the concentration of radioactive material in the cerebral circulation, as well as by correlation with in vitro assays of fluid samples and organs. Variations in measurements of normal and tolerant animals by this technique are illustrated.
Free Energy of Displacive Ferroelectrics

A power series for the free energy is derived in the linear anharmonic approximation. This free energy is expressed in terms of a complete set of microscopic order parameters which determine the ionic displacements in the ferroelectric transition. In general this complete set of microscopic order parameters is larger than the set of order parameters used in the phenomenological free energy of Devonshire. However, for those ferroelectric crystals which are characterized by only one soft optical branch, this larger set may be reduced to the same number as used by Devonshire. Such a reduction is explicitly carried out for the perovskite structure and the resulting expression is the same as that derived phenomenologically by Devonshire with the coefficients expressed in terms of microscopic lattice parameters.
Evaluation of proxies for quality of Metaseiulus occidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) reared on different stages of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Abstract Experiments were conducted to determine if two different methods for assessing quality of the predatory mite Metaseiulus (= Galendromus or Typhlodromus ) occidentalis (Nesbitt) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) could be used instead of the more-lengthy and tedious life-history assessment method. First, an experiment was conducted to confirm it was possible to develop females of confirmed different quality by rearing immatures on two diets (eggs only or actives only of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Metaseiulus occidentalis females had a higher total fecundity (15.6 vs. 8.5 eggs female −1 ), a higher daily fecundity (2.2 vs. 1.4 eggs female −1 day −1 ), a higher survival rate (100% vs. 56.7%) over 7 days of evaluation, and a higher rate of developmental success of their progeny (96.4% vs. 69.5%) when fed eggs only rather than actives only, respectively. The results confirmed adult females of known different quality could be produced for evaluating potential quality-control assessment methods. Two potential quality-control metrics were investigated using these females: survival time of females when held without food and water, and size (length and width) of their dorsal shields. Starvation time and body size were influenced significantly by both diet type and mating status, but the differences obtained were insufficient to use as proxies for evaluating the quality of the M . occidentalis females of known different quality.
The diverse pathology of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders: the importance of a standardized approach

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a diverse group of abnormal lymphoid growths that include both hyperplasias and neoplasias. They have been divided into several general pathologic categories that have prognostic significance. These include early or hyperplastic PTLD, polymorphic PTLD, and lymphomatous or monomorphic PTLD. The majority of PTLDs are of B-cell origin and contain Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). However, PTLDs of T- or NK-cell origin have been described, and late-arising EBV-negative lymphoid tumors are becoming more frequently reported in this population. Other lymphoid neoplasms, such as those arising from mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALTomas), have recently been recognized in transplant patients, and their relationship to PTLD is uncertain. Multicentric PTLD may represent either advanced-stage disease or multiple independent primary tumors. Likewise, recurrent PTLD may represent true recurrence or the emergence of a second primary tumor. Transplant patients are also at risk for other opportunistic neoplasms, including EBV-associated leiomyosarcomas that may be seen alone or in conjunction with PTLD. This underscores the necessity for pathologic diagnosis of mass lesions in this patient population. The pathologist should strive to categorize the form of post-transplant lymphoproliferation in accordance with currently accepted criteria. The diagnosis should incorporate the histopathologic appearance, cell phenotype, clonal status, and EB viral status. The pathologist may play a special role in guiding therapy by ascertaining the presence of such markers as CD20 on tumor cells. Specialized techniques, such as molecular analysis of oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes and evaluation of host:donor status of PTLD, may play important roles in diagnostic evaluation in the future.
Experimental Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of Piezoelectrically Actuated Microcantilevers

With daily growth of using microcantilevers in microelectromechanical systems, comprehensive analysis on their dynamical behavior is necessary since they are mostly utilized as the main sensing device. In this paper, the out-of-plane vibrations of the piezoelectrically actuated microcantilever are experimentally investigated. The microcantilever is covered with a piezoelectric layer on its top surface through which it can be excited by applying the voltage to the piezoelectric actuator. The nonlinear frequency response of the microcantilever is studied and shift in natural frequency due to nonlinearity is examined. By observing the subharmonics of the fundamental frequencies at 2X and 3X, it is experimentally shown that there exist cubic and quadratic nonlinearities in the microcantilever. A mathematical model based on these experimental tests is then proposed and verified. The out-of-plane measurements provide the ability to observe both transversal and torsional modes. In addition, the modes in which the microcantilever acts like a plate are observed.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Community Membership Management for Transient Social Networks

Confluence of technologies represented by geo- location, geo-sensing, context and activity recognition, and smart phones with rich sensors is opening up new avenues for media-rich social interactions for a spectrum of applications from entertainment, to commerce, to emergency response. This paper addresses the challenges in membership management of a transient social network (TSN), a community of users with mobile devices engaging in social activities of common interest within specific temporal and geographical locality (e.g., flea market, emergency response, local auctions, etc.). Creating and maintaining viable transient social communities requires solving a number of significant challenges including managing the dynamically created social graph, maintaining connectivity across heterogeneous nodes and interfaces and efficient message delivery among the nodes in a community. Micrograph is a middleware for managing community membership in TSNs. It helps nodes to discover and participate with other nodes based on device-level, or application-level attributes. It allows a node to simultaneously participate in multiple distinct social communities by overlaying multiple TSNs on top of the available nodes in the physical network. Micrograph gives complete isolation for the activities of a node in each of the TSNs that a node may be participating in simultaneously and it also gives complete transparency to a participant as to the membership of a TSN in which he/she is involved in. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of Micrograph, a proof-of-concept implementation of the middleware using Android platforms, four applications to show the feasibility of Micrograph, and simulation-based evaluation of the implemented prototype.
Assessing the Impact of Temperature Change on the Effectiveness of Insecticide-Treated Nets

Malaria is a vector-borne illness affecting millions of lives annually and imposes a heavy financial burden felt worldwide. Moreover, there is growing concern that global climate change, in particular, rising temperature, will increase this burden. As such, policy makers are in need of tools capable of informing them about the potential strengths and weaknesses of intervention and control strategies. A previously developed agent-based model of the Anopheles gambiae mosquito is extended, one of the primary vectors of malaria, to investigate how changes in temperature influence the dynamics of malaria transmission and the effectiveness of a common malaria intervention: insecticide-treated nets ITNs. Results from the simulations suggest two important findings. Consistent with previous studies, an increase in mosquito abundance as temperature increases is observed. However, the increase in mosquito abundance reduces the effectiveness of ITNs at a given coverage level. The implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.
Rogowski Coil: Exceptional Current Measurement Tool For Almost Any Application

This paper provides the basic concept and the applications of Rogowski coils in today's transforming electrical industry. This type of current transformer belongs to the family of Non conventional Current Transformer (NCIT). We will recall the basic concepts, the calculations and the real benefits of the Rogowski coil compared to a conventional current transformer, and how the design was improved by the various implementation that were made in the 1990's and early 2000's. We will emphases the inherent advantages of Rogowski coils such as noise reduction and extended measuring ranges resulting from digital integration. Industrial applications are discussed within the gas insulated substations (GIS). This is the GIS that is industrially manufactured today. A brief description of the electronic supplied to the NCIT is described. The new laboratories applications is presented for the measurement of pre-arc and post-arc current after interruption of short circuit current in circuit breakers.
From enlightenment to Naturphilosophie: Marcus Herz, Johann Christian Reil, and the problem of border crossings.

This paper explores the conditions for change in Reil's early work and in the Berlin society in which he developed both his intellectual interests and his first significant social contacts.
Possible Increase in Liver Enzymes Secondary to Atorvastatin and Black Cohosh Administration

Introduction: Since the publication of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trials, there has been a decline in the use of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). The risks outweighed the benefits in the WHI trials, and therefore women are seeking alternative treatments including herbal remedies to HRT for mitigation of postmenopausal conditions. The authors report a case of drug-herb interaction between black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) and atorvastatin leading to elevation in liver enzymes.Case summary:A 53-year-old woman with a past medical history significant for atypical chest pain, family history of coronary artery disease, and menopause discontinued oral HRT and started black cohosh for treatment of her menopausal symptoms. The patient also reported taking atorvastatin, aspirin, glucosamine/chondroitin, and vaginal estradiol (Vagifem®). Routine lab results revealed an acute elevation of her liver enzymes. At this time, additional blood tests were performed to rule out other plausible causes of acute el...
Computing curricula overview project

This poster describes a work in progress regarding the Overview Computing Project formerly known as Computing Curricula 2004 (CC2004). It will demonstrate the status of this work and highlight its salient features. These features include the scope of the computing areas of computer engineering, computer science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering. It will illustrate their commonalities and differences, and show some of the outcome expectancies of the graduates from these programs.
Position estimation of selected targets

Recovering depth and 3D position using known camera motion is useful for solving many problems in robotics such as object manipulation, navigation, and localization. Most existing techniques attempt to solve the general problem by recovering depth across the entire image. They oftentimes make linear dynamics assumptions or use poorly recoverable metrics such as optical flow. An estimation technique is presented that retains the nonlinear camera dynamics and provides an accurate 3D position estimate of selected targets within the environment. In practice, the technique is accurate enough to fully specify the placement of a gripper for object manipulation after forward (as opposed to lateral) movement of a single camera. The technique also provides probabilistic information regarding the estimate, which can be used to make intelligent, informed decisions. We employed this technique at the 1995 AAAI robot competition where our robot, Lola, placed 1st in Office Clean-up where it was able to pick up trash and recyclables and deposit them in the appropriate receptacles with great success. Results of our implementation on Lola are also presented.
Upper Quaternary sediments of the Colombia Basin: Spatial and stratigraphic variation

The spatial and stratigraphic variations of upper Holocene and upper Quaternary sediments in the Colombia Basin reflect the terrigenous influx from South America and Panama. Calcium carbonate, composed of foraminifers and coccoliths, accumulates uniformly across the basin and is modified by terrigenous dilution and carbonate dissolution which reflect bathymetry. Glacial sediments of the Colombia Basin are lower in carbonate, have higher total accumulation rates, and thicken toward the continental margin in comparison to interglacial sediments. Carbonate accumulation is relatively constant between glacial and interglacial intervals, whereas clay accumulation greatly increases. The primary cause of carbonate variation in Colombia Basin sediments is the terrigenous influx due to rapid erosion of shelf and upper slope sediments during eustatic lowering of sea level. This relationship should be true for most marginal basins and much of the Atlantic Ocean. This mechanism for variation of sediment composition implies that the carbonate record reflects not only climatic and ice-margin fluctuations but also changing erosional and depositional environments.
Depth-sensing indentation of nanomaterials and nanostructures

Due to its capacity for applying ultralow loads and detecting nanometer-scale deflections, nanoindentation has been used to investigate the mechanical behavior of various material configurations at the micro- and nano-scales. The emphasis of the article is on the nanoscale deformation of nanoparticles, micro/nanopillars, microbeams, micro/nanofibers, nanocomposites, membranes and monolayer films, which are all ubiquitous structures in nanotechnology. The small volumes of these structures have led to the elucidation of material deformation mechanisms that are not the same as their bulk counterparts. Advances in instrumentation have enabled nanoindentation experiments to be conducted in situ in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electrical contact resistance (ECR) measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), among others, and examples of these studies will be discussed.
Using Monte Carlo simulations to determine power and sample size for planned missing designs

Planned missing data designs allow researchers to increase the amount and quality of data collected in a single study. Unfortunately, the effect of planned missing data designs on power is not stra...
Resilient multi-core systems: a hierarchical formal model for N-variant executions

This research presents a hierarchical formal model capable of providing adjustable levels of service and quality of assurance, which is especially suitable for multi-core processor systems. The multi-layered architecture supports multiple levels of fault detection, masking, and dynamic load balancing. Unlike traditional fault-tolerant architectures that treat service requirements uniformly, each layer of the assured architecture implements a different level of services and information assurances. The system achieves load balancing by moving between layers of different complexity. Functionalities at different layers range from essential services necessary to satisfy the most stringent requirements for information assurance and system survivability at the lowest layer, to increasingly sophisticated functionalities with extended capabilities and complexity at higher layers. Low-layer functionalities can be used to monitor the behavior of high-layer functionalities.At each layer of the assured architecture, N-variant implementations make efficient use of multi-core hardware. The degree of the introduced redundancy in each layer determines the mix of faults that can be tolerated. The use of hybrid fault models allows us to consider fault types ranging from benign faults to Byzantine faults. Our framework extends recent work in N-variant systems for intrusion detection, which are demonstrated to be special cases. Furthermore, it allows the movement in a tradeoff space between (1) the levels of assurance provided at different layers, (2) the levels of redundancy used at specific layers, which determine the fault types that can be tolerated, and (3) the desired run-time overhead.
Adaptive correlator receiver performance in direct sequence spread spectrum communication

The authors analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance of the adaptive correlator in a complex channel with both multipath and narrowband interference. They extend previous work by presenting analytical BER expressions and results for narrowband (filtered noise) interference. The adaptive correlator is shown to be capable of removing relatively wideband interference in the transmission bandwidth. This is due to the fact that the correlator becomes a finite impulse response (FIR) filter with a deep notch in the interfering band. As the length of the spreading code increases, the FIR filter length will also increase, thus increasing the correlator's ability to remove interference. The error propagation of the least-mean-square (LMS) adaptive algorithm is shown, and is seen to be significant at high bit error rates when a large convergence factor is used. >
Which faces to tag: Adding prior constraints into active learning

We introduce an algorithm that guides the user to tag faces in the best possible order during a face recognition assisted tagging scenario. In particular, we extend the active learning paradigm to take advantage of constraints known a priori. For example, in the context of personal photo collections, if two faces come from the same source photograph, we know that they must be of different people. Similarly, in the context of video, we know that the faces from a single track must be of the same person. Given a set of unlabeled images and constraints, we use a probabilistic discriminative model that models the posterior distributions by propagating label information using a message passing scheme. The uncertainty estimate provided by the model naturally allows for active learning paradigms where the user is consulted after each iteration to tag additional faces. Our experiments show that performing active learning while incorporating a priori constraints provides a significant boost in many real-world face recognition tasks.
Using action research to implement an integrated pediatric asthma case management and eHealth intervention for low-income families.

Asthma case management and education programs improve pediatric asthma outcomes, but designing rigorous randomized controlled studies that accurately measure effects while encouraging parent participation is challenging. This is especially so for low-income African American families, who face significantly more severe asthma and social stress than their middle-class counterparts. Action research can help health education researchers negotiate between the elegant and complex designs favored by scientists with the real-life challenges of recruitment, implementation, and retention. This article discusses how a multidisciplinary team uses action research concepts to continuously adjust originally proposed protocols through the planning and implementation phases to encourage participation in a year-long randomized controlled trial of a program that combines telephone asthma case management and comprehensive online asthma education. As a result of these efforts, a higher proportion of low-income African America...
The Dopamine D4 Receptor (DRD4) Gene Exon III Polymorphism, Problematic Alcohol Use, and Novelty Seeking: Direct and Mediated Genetic Effects

The present study sought to integrate convergent lines of research on the associations among the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene, novelty seeking, and drinking behaviors with the overall goal of elucidating genetic influences on problematic drinking in young adulthood. Specifically, this study tested a model in which novelty seeking mediated the relationship between DRD4 VNTR genotype and problematic alcohol use. Participants (N = 90, 40 females) were heavy drinking college students. Analyses using a Structural Equation-Modeling (SEM) framework suggested that the significant direct path between DRD4 VNTR genotype and problematic alcohol use was reduced to a trend level in the context of a model that included novelty seeking as a mediator, thereby suggesting that the effects of DRD4 VNTR genotype on problematic alcohol use among heavy drinking young adults were partially mediated by novelty seeking. Cross-group comparisons indicated that the relationships among the model variables were not significantly different in models for men versus women. These results extend recent findings of the association between this polymorphism of the DRD4 receptor gene, problematic alcohol use, and novelty seeking. These findings may also help elucidate the specific pathways of risk associated with genetic influences on alcohol use and abuse phenotypes.
Stabilized Optical Frequency Comb Source for Coherent Communication and Signal Processing

A semiconductor based, low noise mode-locked laser with 195 10.24 GHz spaced stabilized optical frequencies and a pulse timing jitter (1 Hz-100 MHz) of 11.4 fs for optical communication applications is demonstrated.
Terfenol: A study of the phase equilibrium diagram and the solidification process

Terfenol is a rare earth-iron alloy that was first developed at the Naval Ordinance Laboratory because of its rare magnetostrictive properties. Terfenol is composed of terbium and dysprosium combined with iron in a composition Tb{sub x}Dy{sub 1{minus}x}Fe{sub 2}, where x{approximately}0.3. The objective of this work was to determine the growth characteristics of Terfenol and its dependence on solidification rate, temperature gradient, and stoichiometry. Specific goals of this work were to verify the phase equilibria that is currently accepted for the systems DyFe{sub 2} and TbFe{sub 2}, and establish the phase equilibria near the composition Tb{sub 0.3}Dy{sub 0.7}Fe{sub 2}; establish that Terfenol grows directly from the liquid and that the reaction is occurring under metastable conditions; evaluate whether or not Terfenol can be grown under plane front conditions with a new radiofrequency float zone apparatus, and; determine whether or not seeded crystals can be grown and single crystals produced by elimination of dendrites employing growth methods capable of achieving high gradient/solidification rate ratios.
Twenty-five years of gallbladder surgery in a small rural hospital

Background During a 25-year period from 1967 to 1991, 1,058 gallbladder operations were done by one surgeon in solo practice in a rural 50-bed hospital. Methods Open Cholecystectomy was performed on all but 6 patients who had cholecystostomy. Operative cholangiography was liberally used, and 19% of all patients required common duct exploration. The majority of the patients were older than 65 years of age and 19% were older than 75 years of age. Results The overall mortality was 0.7%. There were no deaths following cholecystectomy for chronic or acute nongangrenous cholecystitis, and all deaths occurred in patients older than 77 years of age. Most of the deaths occurred prior to 1978 and the last death was recorded in 1984. Conclusions Rural America has a comparatively large proportion of the elderly population of our nation. Most of these patients prefer to have their surgery performed locally, provided the results are comparable with those of large neighboring medical centers. The results from this current series from a small rural hospital compare favorably with the published results from large medical and academic centers.
WHAT THEY DO WHEN THEY GET YOUR MANUSCRIPT: A SURVEY OF ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT REVIEWER PRACTICES

This study seeks to promote an understanding of the practices of reviewers for the Academy of Management's Journal (AMJ) and Review (AMR). A survey of reviewers for the two journals revealed that t...
Correction of bleeding diathesis without liver toxicity using arenaviral-pseudotyped HIV-1-based vectors in hemophilia A mice.

Hemophilia A is an inheritable X-linked bleeding disorder most frequently occurring as a consequence of genetic alterations within the factor VIII (FVIII) gene. In the present study, pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived lentivectors expressing hFVIII were assessed for the ability to correct the hemophilia A phenotype in FVIII knockout mice. Therapeutic levels of plasma hFVIII (1-7 ng/mL) were detected in C57B1/6 mice (4-5 weeks old) after portal vein administration of hFVIII-expressing lentivectors pseudotyped with the rhabdoviral vesicular stomatitis viral G protein (VSV-G). More importantly, transduction of hemophilia A mice with FVIII expressing lentivectors resulted in transient correction of the bleeding diathesis phenotype. Moreover, the use of alternate viral pseudotypes based on the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) resulted in similar circulating levels of FVIII. Interestingly, similar doses of LCMV-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors resulted in minimal systemic or ...
Against Neutrality in the Legal Recognition of Intimate Relationships

This Essay argues that it is proper and necessary for the State to take into account considerations of morality in deciding which intimate relationships to recognize. It contends that when the State makes distinctions among intimate relationships in order to recognize and support some (but not all) of them, it must make assessments regarding the value and goodness of those relationships. The Essay defends what it calls a Modified Liberal Position on the recognition by the State of intimate relationships, one that (like the Traditional Conservative Position) allows for the consideration of notions of morality, while calling (like the Traditional Liberal Position) for the legal recognition of same-sex relationships. In doing so, the Essay responds to some of the likely objections by liberals and progressives to the notion that the State should explicitly account for moral considerations in deciding which intimate relationships to recognize.
Canine heartworm – an ever-present threat

Vector-borne diseases are of increasing significance to the health of human, canine and feline populations. It is estimated that 45% of the human population in Europe is exposed to the risk of helm...
Quaternary Iodides A(BaSr)I5:Eu2+ (A = K, Cs) as Scintillators for Radiation Detection

Ternary alkali alkaline-earth iodides of the type AB2I5:Eu2+ (A = K, Cs; B = Sr, Ba) have been found to exhibit desirable properties suitable for high-performance scintillators. In a recent report [Phys. Rev. Appl. 2015, 4, 014012] we discussed preferential site occupation of Eu dopants in the Ba-containing ternary crystals. We alluded to the possibility of (Ba, Sr)-mixed quaternary iodides of the type ABaVIIISrVIII5:Eu2+ as a means to counter Eu clustering due to preferential distribution. Drawing from the previous work, here we report on the four prototypical Ba- and Sr-containing ternary hosts and compare their properties with the predicted mixed compounds. Density functional calculations reveal narrow regions of thermodynamic stability of the parent compounds. However, large excursions in the available ranges of the atomic chemical potentials allow precipitation of stable hosts. Additionally, the ordered quaternary phase ABaVIIISrVIII5 is also energetically favored with respect to its ternary end memb...
The Behavior of Trace Metals in Marine Anoxic Waters: Solubilities at the Oxygen-Hydrogen Sulfide Interface

The predicted equilibrium behavior of trace metals across the oxygen-hydrogen sulfide interface in the environment is dependent upon the metal affinity for solid sulfide and metal sulfide complex formation. Equilibrium solubility estimates for iron, manganese, copper, nickel and cadmium demonstrate a wide range of trace metal behavior and generally reproduce environmentally observed trends, although the data are extremely limited. The absolute magnitude of the metal concentrations in sulfide containing waters is difficult to predict from equilibrium calculations because of uncertainty in the solubility data and the identification of the solid phase which forms.
Seasonal Abundance and Temperature Sensitivity of Sugarcane Delphacid (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

Populations of sugarcane delphacid, Perkinsiella saccharicida Kirkaldy, increased during summer months in Florida sugarcane to mean peaks of 7.5 per shoot in 1983 and 2.9 per shoot in 1984. In laboratory tests, mortality of all stages of sugarcane delphacid increased significantly at temperatures below freezing. Also, it was found that the egg stage was the most temperature-resistant stage from an extreme high of 45°C and low of −7.5°C. Our study, which included field population data, microclimate data, lethal temperature data, and long-term weather data, showed that sugarcane delphacid populations could be reduced by low winter temperatures in southern Florida sugarcane fields.
Utilization of A-Si:H Switching Diodes for Signal Readout from A-Si:H Pixel Detectors

Two-dimensional arrays of amorphous silicon photodiodes can be used as position-sensitive radiation detectors when they are coupled to an appropriate phosphor. We have developed signal readout schemes from amorphous silicon photodiode arrays utilizing one or two switching diodes attached to each pixel photodiode. Individual cells and prototype arrays of amorphous silicon photodiodes with single- and double-diode switching readout were fabricated and tested. A charge storage time and a readout time were measured. The measurement results were analyzed by simple circuit theory.
Availability of Calcium from Alfalfa for Chicks

Abstract Twelve corn-soybean diets each containing 17.5% alfalfa, or acid extracted alfalfa, or a combination of the two were prepared. They included a basal diet, three with graduated levels of calcium carbonate (precipitated chalk), four-each with 8.75 or 17.5% of one of two lots of alfalfa, and four each with added calcium oxalate and 8.75 or 17.5% of one each of the same lots of alfalfa that had been extracted at pH 3. Alfalfa extracted at pH .6 was added to bring all diets to 17.5% hay or hay residue. Three groups of eight day-old White Leghorn cockerels were fed each diet in starter batteries for 25 days, sacrificed, and tibias removed. Feed consumption was closely related to calcium between .16 and .50% in the diet with oxalate calcium contributing only 16% as much influence as nonoxalate calcium. Regression on feed consumption accounted for 89% of variance of chick weight gain. Regressions of fat-free tibia and ash weights on total calcium intake accounted for much less of the variance than regressions on partitioned oxalate calcium and nonoxalate calcium intake. Nonoxalate calcium alone was as good a predictor as the two together. Nonoxalate calcium in alfalfa was 118% as available as that in calcium carbonate when neasured by weights of fat-free tibia or tibia ash. Alfalfa calcium (total) is 80 to 95% as available as that in calcium carbonate for chick tibia or tibia ash weight when the range of its oxalate content, 20 to 33%, is considered.
The Strategies of Developing Chinese Economy-typed Hotels

With the improvement of people' living standard,domestic tourism propers as people have more leisure time and get their consumption concept changed.Economy-typed hotel' has become the investing focal point,gaining more attraction of academic circles.This paper,based on the research of the concept of economy-typed hotel,analyzes their problems in operation.It provides the strategies of developing Chinese economy-typed hotels.
‘God's hangman’: James VI, the divine right of kings, and the Devil

This article considers James VI and I's treatise on the divine right of kings, The Trew Law of Free Monarchies (1598), in relation to his earlier treatise on witchcraft Daemonologie (1597). James's articulation of divine right kingship not only served to refute the arguments of his former tutor, George Buchanan (1506–1582), and the Jesuit, Robert Persons (1546–1610), but also served as a bulwark against the perceived threat of the supernatural to his rule. James incorporated the ideal of a stoic subject previously put forward in his Daemonologie into the Trew Law, offering a doctrine of non-resistance that both Catholic and presbyterian subjects were expected to follow. The ideal stoic subject would remain firmly in command of their passions, enduring the ‘curses’ of tyranny or of witchcraft without actively seeking relief for their circumstances.
Impact of anode substrates on electrodeposited zinc over cycling in zinc-anode rechargeable alkaline batteries

Abstract Electrochemical behavior of Ag, Bi, Cu, Fe, Ni and Sn substrates on zinc deposition was evaluated over battery cycling by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The effect of Bi, Cu, Ni, and Sn substrates on zinc electrodeposition during battery cycling was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The corrosion behavior of each metal in 9 M KOH and the corrosion rates of zinc plated on each substrate were analyzed by Tafel extrapolation method from the potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Although the charge-transfer resistance (Rct) of zinc electrodeposition is lowest on Sn, Sn eventually corrodes on cycling in alkaline media. Use of Ni as a substrate causes zinc to deteriorate on account of rapid hydrogen evolution. Bi and Cu substrates are more suitable for use as current collectors in zinc-anode alkaline rechargeable batteries because of their low corrosion rate and compact zinc deposition over battery cycling.
High-Resolution Architecture and Structural Dynamics of Microbial and Cellular Systems: Insights from in Vitro Atomic Force Microscopy

One of the great scientific challenges at the intersection of chemistry, biology and materials science is to define the biophysical pathways of cellular life, and in particular, to elucidate the complex molecular machines that carry out cellular and microbial function and propagate the disease. To study this in a comprehensive way, the fundamental understanding of the principal mechanisms by which cellular systems are ultimately linked with their chemical, physical, and biological environment are required. Complete genome sequences are often available for understanding biotransformation, environmental resistance, and pathogenesis of microbial and cellular systems. The present technological and scientific challenges are to unravel the relationships between the organization and function of protein complexes at cell, microbial, and pathogen surfaces, to understand how these complexes evolve during the bacterial, cellular, and pathogen life cycles, and how they respond to environmental changes, chemical stimulants, and therapeutics. Development of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for probing the architecture and assembly of single microbial surfaces at a nanometer scale under native conditions, and unraveling of its structural dynamics in response to changes in the environment has the capacity to significantly enhance the current insight into molecular architecture, structural and environmental variability of cellular and microbial systems as a function of spatial, developmental, and temporal organizational scales.
CXCR7 Transactives and Triggers Signaling through EGFR

Over expression of chemokine receptors such as CXCR7 is a common hallmark of various cancers. Recent evidence suggests that CXCR7 interacts with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to activate downstream mitogenic signaling and proliferation in tumour cells. Few current therapies directly target CXCR7; however, targeting the interaction between CXCR7 and EGFR might be a promising therapeutic strategy to inhibit proliferation in cancer cells.
AOSID: An analytical solution to the output-only system identification problem to estimate physical parameters and unknown input simultaneously

Summary This paper studies an analytical solution for the identification problem of linear systems, where inputs are unknown and only output data are accessible. A linear output-only model (LOM) is developed and employed along with physical constraints in state space to simultaneously identify two subspace models, one of which represents the physical system and the other describes the behavior of the unknown input by reconstructing its history. Inputs are assumed to be an arbitrary combination of harmonic signals with constant or time varying exponential amplitudes with non-overlapping frequency ranges with natural frequencies of the physical system. The identification is first performed by a zero-input eigensystem realization algorithm in time domain that estimates the LOM in a generic form; we call it unfixed form, which contains both physical system model and input model in a coupled configuration. By transforming the LOM into a canonical form and utilizing the physical constraints, an analytical approach is developed to decouple the physical model from the input dynamics. The proposed method of analytical output-only system identification (AOSID) is evaluated through simulation of a set of scenarios to demonstrate its capabilities. To this end, we study the effects of type of sensor models, level of measurement noise, and complexity level of the problem on the estimation error. The accuracy of the identified LOM demonstrates that the AOSID method is capable of simultaneous identification of physical model and unknown inputs in the presence of measurement noise with a considerable accuracy at a modest computational expense. Furthermore, AOSID method demonstrates a considerable robustness against nonlinear inputs and white noise disturbances which challenge the assumptions initially made in the theoretical development of the model.