cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lunasin concentration in different soybean genotypes, commercial soy protein, and isoflavone products

Lunasin is a unique and novel cancer preventive peptide originally isolated from soy. Information on lunasin concentration of soybean cultivars and commercial soy proteins would be useful in developing lunasin-enriched cultivars and soy products. We report the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to identify lunasin and quantify the variations in concentration in 144 selected, diverse soybean accessions from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Soybean Germplasm Collection, several commercially available soy protein fractions and isoflavone-enriched products. With synthetic lunasin and monoclonal antibody, ELISA shows a linear concentration range of 24-72 ng/mL, good reproducibility, a detection limit of 8 ng/mL, and a recovery of 90% on spiked soy samples. Lunasin concentrations in the tested materials range from 0.10 to 1.33 g/100 g flour. Differences that exceeded 100% have been observed among accessions of similar maturity that were grown in the same environment, indicating that genetic differences in soybeans exist for lunasin. The mean of 23 major ancestral lines of U.S. cultivars is similar to the mean of 16 modern cultivars selected to represent the current diversity of the crop, but the highest values were found within the ancestral and exotic accessions. Soy protein concentrate, isolate, and hydrolyzate contain 2.81 +/- 0.30, 3.75 +/- 0.43, and 4.43 +/- 0.59 g lunasin/100 g flour, respectively, while soy flour and soy flakes contain 1.24 +/- 0.22 g lunasin/100 g flour. Isoflavone-enriched products contain very little or no lunasin. The relative mass (M(r)) of lunasin in the samples is 5.45 +/- 0.25 kDa. The wide range of lunasin concentrations within the Glycine max species indicates that the levels of this important bioactive peptide can be genetically manipulated. Furthermore, soy isolates and hydrolyzed soy proteins contain the highest concentrations of lunasin.
Cultural pluralism and the future of American unity: the impact of illegal aliens.

This essay explores the question of the impact of illegal migration on American unity and cultural pluralism in the United States. Assuming that over time the descendents of undocumented workers no...
Competition in the chemostat: a comparison of inhibitory and lethal offensive strategies

Competing species use a variety of strategies to gain an advantage over a competitor. We show that a desirable auxotrophic mutant can sometimes gain a growth advantage over its parental (or, wild-type) organism by using an offensive inhibitory or lethal strategy against the parental organism that lower's the parental organism's growth rate. Our numerical results indicate that inhibitive offensive strategies can stabilize a system while lethal offensive strategies can destabilize a system. Thus, even though a mutant may have a lower growth rate and/or higher metabolic needs than the parental organism, it may gain an advantage over the parental organism if it can limit the parental organism's growth allowing it to coexist with the parental organism.
Mechanism of antibody-mediated viral clearance in immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infection of cotton rats.

Abstract Antibody-mediated clearance of respiratory syncytial virus from cotton rat pulmonary tissues occurs in the absence of complement and in the absence of the Fc portion of the immunoglobulin G molecule, suggesting that complement-independent, cell-independent neutralization is the major mechanism of clearance.
Dryad: distributed data-parallel programs from sequential building blocks

Dryad is a general-purpose distributed execution engine for coarse-grain data-parallel applications. A Dryad application combines computational "vertices" with communication "channels" to form a dataflow graph. Dryad runs the application by executing the vertices of this graph on a set of available computers, communicating as appropriate through flies, TCP pipes, and shared-memory FIFOs.The vertices provided by the application developer are quite simple and are usually written as sequential programs with no thread creation or locking. Concurrency arises from Dryad scheduling vertices to run simultaneously on multiple computers, or on multiple CPU cores within a computer. The application can discover the size and placement of data at run time, and modify the graph as the computation progresses to make efficient use of the available resources.Dryad is designed to scale from powerful multi-core single computers, through small clusters of computers, to data centers with thousands of computers. The Dryad execution engine handles all the difficult problems of creating a large distributed, concurrent application: scheduling the use of computers and their CPUs, recovering from communication or computer failures, and transporting data between vertices.
Fine Mapping of a cis-Acting Sequence Element in Yellow Fever Virus RNA That Is Required for RNA Replication and Cyclization

We present fine mapping of a cis-acting nucleotide sequence found in the 5' region of yellow fever virus genomic RNA that is required for RNA replication. There is evidence that this sequence interacts with a complementary sequence in the 3' region of the genome to cyclize the RNA. Replicons were constructed that had various deletions in the 5' region encoding the capsid protein and were tested for their ability to replicate. We found that a sequence of 18 nucleotides (residues 146 to 163 of the yellow fever virus genome, which encode amino acids 9 to 14 of the capsid protein) is essential for replication of the yellow fever virus replicon and that a slightly longer sequence of 21 nucleotides (residues 146 to 166, encoding amino acids 9 to 15) is required for full replication. This region is larger than the core sequence of 8 nucleotides conserved among all mosquito-borne flaviviruses and contains instead the entire sequence previously proposed to be involved in cyclization of yellow fever virus RNA.
The Stock Market Boom and Crash of 1929 Revisited

In trying to explain the 1987 stock market crash, many analysts drew obvious but vague comparisons with the events of 1929. Newspapers published a chart, reproduced in Figure 1, showing the bull market of the 1920s superimposed on the 1980s. The degree of similarity between the two periods up to the crash was striking. Yet while analysts noted this close correspondence, they drew few inferences from it. Comparisons proved difficult because the crash of 1929 had received little scholarly attention since Galbraith's The Great Crash 1929 (1954). This paper will sort through many of the hypotheses offered to explain the 1929 boom and bust. Most of the factors cited by historians played trivial or insignificant roles. The central issue is whether fundamentals or a bubble drove the bull market upwards. An econometric resolution of this question is unlikely, for reasons that Flood and Hodrick explain in their contribution to this symposium. However, the qualitative evidence assembled in this paper favors the view that a bubble was present in the 1929 market. The Conventional Wisdom Galbraith's classic book still provides the most commonly accepted explanation of the 1929 boom and crash. He argues that a bubble in the stock market was formed during the rapid economic growth of the 1920s. Galbraith emphasizes the irrational element-the mania-that induced the public to invest in the bull market. The rise in
Solving the Parity n Problem and Other Nonlinearly Separable Problems Using a Single Universal Binary Neuron

A universal binary neuron (UBN) operates with the complex-valued weights and the complex-valued activation function, which is the function of the argument of the weighted sum. This makes possible the implementation of the nonlinearly separable (non-threshold) Boolean functions on the single neuron. Hence the functionality of the UBN is incompatibly higher than the functionality of the traditional perceptron, because this neuron can implement the non-threshold Boolean functions. The UBN is closely connected with the discrete-valued multi-valued neuron (MVN). This is also a neuron with the complex-valued weights and the complex-valued activation function, which is the function of the argument of the weighted sum. A close relation of the MVN and UBN and of the multiple-valued threshold functions and P-realizable Boolean functions is considered in this paper. A modified learning algorithm for the UBN is presented. It is shown that such classical nonlinearly separable problems as the XOR and Parity n can be easily solved using a single UBN, without any network.
Supervising Clinical Fellows: Preparation and Styles

Purpose: The majority of supervision literature has focused on the supervision of graduate students. The purpose of this study was to examine the preparation of and explore the thinking styles of m...
Coping with Cancer in Remission: Stressors and Strategies Reported by Children and Adolescents

Thirty-nine school-age children and adolescents with cancer in remission completed the Children's Stress Inventory (CSI) and a cancer-related stress and coping measure (McCabe & Weisz, 1988) that elicited information about their life stressors and coping strategies. Children identified a range of stressors including general life and cancer-related stress, but general life stressors accounted for the majority of their perceived stress. Children were not consistent across cancer-related and non-cancer-related stressful situations, except for their use of intrapsychic coping strategies. Compared with school-age children, adolescents used more emotion-management and less problem-solving coping strategies when faced with cancer-related stressors, but not when dealing with non-cancer-related stress. When coping with cancer-related stress, females used more emotion-management and less problem-solving strategies than males. Findings have implications for refinement of measures and future research.
Lipid-Dependent Modulation of Ca2+ Availability in Isolated Mossy Fiber Nerve Endings*

An enhancement of glutamate release from hippocampal neurons has been implicated in long-term potentiation, which is thought to be a cellular correlate of learning and memory. This phenomenom appears to be involved the activation of protein kinase C and lipid second messengers have been implicated in this process. The purpose of this study was to examine how lipid-derived second messengers, which are known to potentiate glutamate release, influence the accumulation of intraterminal free Ca2+, since exocytosis requires Ca2+ and a potentiation of Ca2+ accumulation may provide a molecular mechanism for enhancing glutamate release. The activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters potentiates the depolarization-evoked release of glutamate from mossy fiber and other hippocampal nerve terminals. Here we show that the activation of protein kinase C also enhances evoked presynaptic Ca2+ accumulation and this effect is attenuated by the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine. In addition, the protein kinase C-dependent increase in evoked Ca2+ accumulation was reduced by inhibitors of phospholipase A2 and voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels, as well as by a lipoxygenase product of arachidonic acid metabolism. That some of the effects of protein kinase C activation were mediated through phospholipase A2 was also indicated by the ability of staurosporine to reduce the Ca2+ accumulation induced by arachidonic acid or the phospholipase A2 activator melittin. Similarly, the synergistic facilitation of evoked Ca2+ accumulation induced by a combination of arachidonic acid and diacylglycerol analogs was attenuated by staurosporine. We suggest, therefore, that the protein kinase C-dependent potentiation of evoked glutamate release is reflected by increases in presynaptic Ca2+ and that the lipid second messengers play a central role in this enhancement of chemical transmission processes.
Modeling the impact of global tuberculosis control strategies

An epidemiological model of tuberculosis has been developed and applied to five regions of the world. Globally, 6.7 million new cases of tuberculosis and 2.4 million deaths from tuberculosis are estimated for 1998. Based on current trends in uptake of the World Health Organization’s strategy of directly observed treatment, short-course, we expect a total of 225 million new cases and 79 million deaths from tuberculosis between 1998 and 2030. Active case-finding by using mass miniature radiography could save 23 million lives over this period. A single contact treatment for tuberculosis could avert 24 million cases and 11 million deaths; combined with active screening, it could reduce mortality by nearly 40%. A new vaccine with 50% efficacy could lower incidence by 36 million cases and mortality by 9 million deaths. Support for major extensions to global tuberculosis control strategies will occur only if the size of the problem and the potential for action are recognized more widely.
Silencing of the VHL tumor-suppressor gene by DNA methylation in renal carcinoma

Abstract Mutational inactivation and allelic loss of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene appear to be causal events for the majority of spontaneous clear-cell renal carcinomas. We now show that hypermethylation of a normally unmethylated CpG island in the 5' region provides another potentially important mechanism for inactivation of the VHL gene in a significant portion of these cancers. This hypermethylation was found in 5 of 26 (19%) tumors examined. Four of these had lost one copy of VHL while one retained two heavily methylated alleles. Four of the tumors with VHL hypermethylation had no detectable mutations, whereas one had a missense mutation in addition to hypermethylation of the single retained allele. As would be predicted for the consequence of methylation in this 5' CpG island, none of the 5 tumors expressed the VHL gene. In contrast, normal kidney and all tumors examined with inactivating VHL gene mutations but no CpG island methylation had expression. In a renal cell culture line, treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine resulted in reexpression of the VHL gene. These findings suggest that aberrant methylation of CpG islands may participate in the tumor-suppressor gene inactivations which initiate or cause progression of common human cancers.
Price uncertainty and consumer welfare in an intertemporal setting

Abstract In this paper we examine how increases in intertemporal price uncertainty affect the welfare of a consumer. In the preference structure of the consumer the coefficient of relative risk aversion and the elasticity of intertemporal substitution (EIS) are parametrically independent. We find that under some circumstances, including configurations where parameter values are consistent with much of the empirical literature, for each given degree of risk aversion an increase in price uncertainty reduces consumer welfare if the EIS is lower than a corresponding threshold value. We also find that when saving rates are sensitive to the EIS then there are important counterexamples to this intuitive case.
Sending a boy to do a man’s job: Hegemonic masculinity and the ‘boy’ Jesus in the Infancy Gospel of Thomas

SStudies of masculinity have shown that masculinity is a socially acknowledged gender status. Rather than automatically attaining such a status simply through physical maturation, boys must ‘earn’ such status by matching the social conventions associated with masculinity. Boys earn such status through ‘doing gender’, that is, acting in ways that are assessed by others as meeting gendered norms. Failure to meet these norms can result in suggestions that boys are unmanly. For elite Romans, masculinity was attained through the domination of others, including spouse, children and enemies. Though Jesus is presented as a child in the Infancy Gospel of Thomas , his actions lend themselves to interpretation in terms of expectations for elite Roman males. In this text, Jesus is described as behaving in ways normally associated with hegemonic masculinity in the Roman world. He is able to defeat opponents in violent ways through the power of his word, he is able to teach his teachers, and he is able to provide for his family. Throughout the text, Jesus is described more in terms of an adult male than a child.
Culture, Cooperation, and the General Welfare:

Solutions to social dilemmas require cooperation. Given that there are commonly multiple avenues for cooperation, sometimes social dilemmas require coordination of strategies in addition to suffici...
Prevalence and Correlates of Social Smoking in Young Adults: Comparisons of Behavioral and Self-Identified Definitions

Introduction Social smoking is an increasingly common pattern among emerging adults. Although distinct patterns have emerged between social smokers and non-social smokers, there is discrepancy about how to define the construct, with inconsistencies between self-identified social smoking and behavioral social smoking. We report prevalence and correlates of young adult smokers who self-identify and behave as social smokers (SELF + BEH), self-identified non-behavioral social smokers (SELF-ONLY), and non-social smokers (NON-SOCIAL). Methods Young adults age 18-25 years who have smoked at least 1 cigarette in the past 30 days (N = 1,811) were recruited through Facebook for a national anonymous, online survey of tobacco and other substance use. Three social smoking items were used to categorize respondents into 1 of 3 smoking groups. Groups were examined for prevalence and differences on demographics, substance use, motivation to quit smoking and thoughts about tobacco abstinence. Results SELF-ONLY (46%) was the largest group, followed by SELF + BEH (27%) and NON-SOCIAL (27%). SELF + BEH smoke less frequently, smoke fewer cigarettes per day, are less addicted to cigarettes, have a higher desire to quit, and perceive a lower quitting difficulty compared with SELF-ONLY. SELF + BEH and SELF-ONLY were more likely to be male, be marijuana users, and be addicted to marijuana than NON-SOCIAL. SELF + BEH exhibited a lower frequency of smoking, less cigarettes per day, were less addicted, and had more days co-using alcohol and cigarettes than NON-SOCIAL. Conclusion Identifying social smokers based on self-identification in addition to behavioral components appears to be important for designing smoking cessation interventions for emerging adults.
Spherical cocoon models for the flat infrared spectrum of the T Tauri phenomenon

Numerical radiative transfer models are used to discuss the observed flat infrared spectrum of T Tauri stars showing moderate dust obscuration. The models consist of a central young star surrounded by a static cocoon of gas and dust, but with no equatorial accretion disc. Here the cocoon is treated as a spherical dust shell undergoing no systematic inflow or outflow motion. The static cocoon is supported against the gravity of the central star by a large-scale magnetic field system that anchors in the star and threads the cocoon material. Using an approximation in which magnetic force densities inside the cocoon are averaged over all polar and azimuthal angles, the cocoon may be treated as a spherical-like configuration for the purpose of numerical radiative transfer calculations. It is shown that the model infrared spectral energy distributions of a spherical static cocoon produce both the Lada spectral types and the flat infrared spectrum of T Tauri stars as well as do models based upon discs or infalling clouds with a bipolar cavity. The static dust cocoon model is applied to the young T Tau binary system. The cocoon is illuminated by radiation emitted from the optical primary (T Tau N), which is a classical T Tauri star. The infrared secondary (T Tau S) is identified as a magnetic brown dwarf in binary orbital motion outside the cocoon, but still embedded in a large nebula of cold gas and dust distributed around the binary system. Both T Tau N and T Tau S are magnetically linked to each other. The radiative transfer model for the cocoon infrared energy distribution is compared with observational flux data for T Tau N. The model appears in good agreement with the data from the optical to submillimetre wavebands. The model shows an almost flat infrared spectrum for T Tau N, except for the strong 10-μm silicate band in emission as observed. It is suggested that the magnetic brown dwarf (T Tau S) undergoes episodic and luminous non-thermal infrared and radio outburst emissions. Such a possibility is well in accord with a non-thermal origin for the circular polarized radio emission observed from the T Tau system. Nevertheless, if future high-resolution observations prove that the blue continuum emission from T Tauri stars originates from stellar chromospheric activity or boundary-layer emission from an equatorial disc, then a spherical cocoon model for the T Tauri phenomenon is wrong.
Study of the E(1420) region at 10 GeV/c

We have measured the cross section for the inclusive reaction ..pi../sup +/d..-->..K/sub s//sup 0/S/sup + -/..pi../sup - +/+X at 10 GeV/c using the large-aperture solenoid spectrometer at SLAC. We measure the product of the cross section and branching ratio, sigma(..pi../sup +/d..-->..E+X)B(E..-->..K/sub s//sup 0/K/sup + -/ ..pi../sup - +/), to be 1.7 +- 0.4 ..mu..b. We find that the K/sub s//sup 0/S/sup + -/..pi../sup - +/ decay of the E meson appears to be dominated by the K*K-bar decay mode, and the data are consistent with the spin-parity assignment of J/sup P/ = 1/sup +/ for the E meson.
Consideration of the Risk of Influenza in Children and Indications for Prophylaxis

one exposure to the virus. The virus may then change its surface antigens to render ineffective previously acquired immunity. Ideally, artificial prophylaxis should stimulate better protection than does natural infection and should anticipate antigenic change. Children experience the highest morbidity, accompanied by considerable risk, during influenza epidemics. At the same time, children in school and day care are the most important disseminators of virus in the community. Consideration should be given to providing protection for all children against influenza when effective methods and strategies have been found. Such prophylaxis would decrease not only morbidity and serious disease in children but also the risk of exposure of high-risk adult patients. Prevention of infections with influenza and other respiratory viruses presents a special challenge when compared with prevention of pediatric virus infections for which vaccines are used routinely. Viremia is essential to the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis, rubeola, mumps, and rubella, and protection against these diseases can be correlated with the presence of serum antibody. Influenza virus infections regularly occur in the presence of moderate levels of serum antibody, and the mechanism for protection against infection is not well defined. The primary site of infection is the respi
Limitations of the FPD and ECD in Atmospheric Analysis: A Review

This paper reviews the use of electron capture and flame photometric detectors in ambient air measurements, with particular emphasis on the factors which may affect the sensitivity, precision, and accuracy of the analyses. The interference effects of oxygen, water, and other common constituents in air samples are discussed. In addition to those anomalies that are due to the nature of the analytical samples, certain limitations are imposed by the inherent response characteristics of the detectors. These notable difficulties and limitations are defined along with their potential consequences in atmospheric applications. The basic intent of the discussion is to warn environmental scientists, who use the ECD and FPD, that significant errors can occur in their results unless they adhere to the analytical requirements of the analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to validate the ECD and FPD measurement techniques for their appropriateness in each new analytical application.
Exploring occupational and behavioral risk factors for obesity in firefighters: a theoretical framework and study design

Firefighters and police officers have the third highest prevalence of obesity among 41 male occupational groups in the United States (US). However, few studies have examined the relationship of firefighter working conditions and health behaviors with obesity. This paper presents a theoretical framework describing the relationship between working conditions, health behaviors, and obesity in firefighters. In addition, the paper describes a detailed study plan for exploring the role of occupational and behavioral risk factors in the development of obesity in firefighters enrolled in the Orange County Fire Authority Wellness Fitness Program. The study plan will be described with emphasis on its methodological merits: adopting a participatory action research approach, developing a firefighter-specific work and health questionnaire, conducting both a cross-sectional epidemiological study using the questionnaire and a sub-study to assess the validity of the questionnaire with dietary intake and physical activity measures, and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the body mass index as an obesity measure in comparison to skinfold-based percent body fat. The study plan based on a theoretical framework can be an essential first step for establishing effective intervention programs for obesity among professional and voluntary firefighters.
A Cladistic Analysis of the Genus Tococa (Melastomataceae) Based on Morphological Data

Abstract Phylogenetic relationships in the myrmecophytic genus Tococa (Melastomataceae) were investigated using morphological data. The data matrix comprised 42 ingroup taxa, two of them previously described as Microphysca, the monotypic genus Myrmidone, and 11 species of the genus Miconia as outgroups. Vegetative and floral characters were used, in addition to characters drawn from seeds using both light and electron microscopy. A cladistic analysis of the morphological matrix, containing 58 informative characters, resulted in 224 most parsimonious trees. This analysis shows that Tococa is not monophyletic, both because there are some species of Tococa more closely related to Miconia than to the remaining species of Tococa, and because Myrmidone and Microphysca are nested within Tococa. However, it is possible to recognize a large, well-supported clade that includes Myrmidone and most species of Tococa. This clade is here defined as Tococa sensu stricto. The tooth in the dorsal side of the anther connect...
MicroRNAs and Their Targets Are Differentially Regulated in Adult and Neonatal Mouse CD8+ T Cells

Immunological memory, which protects organisms from re-infection, is a hallmark of the mammalian adaptive immune system and the underlying principle of vaccination. In early life, however, mice and other mammals are deficient at generating memory CD8+ T cells, which protect organisms from intracellular pathogens. The molecular basis that differentiates adult and neonatal CD8+ T cells is unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are both developmentally regulated and required for normal adult CD8+ T cell functions. We used next-generation sequencing to identify mouse miRNAs that are differentially regulated in adult and neonatal CD8+ T cells, which may contribute to the impaired development of neonatal memory cells. The miRNA profiles of adult and neonatal cells were surprisingly similar during infection; however, we observed large differences prior to infection. In particular, miR-29 and miR-130 have significant differential expression between adult and neonatal cells before infection. Importantly, using RNA-Seq, we detected reciprocal changes in expression of messenger RNA targets for both miR-29 and miR-130. Moreover, targets that we validated include Eomes and Tbx21, key genes that regulate the formation of memory CD8+ T cells. Notably, age-dependent changes in miR-29 and miR-130 are conserved in human CD8+ T cells, further suggesting that these developmental differences are biologically relevant. Together, these results demonstrate that miR-29 and miR-130 are likely important regulators of memory CD8+ T cell formation and suggest that neonatal cells are committed to a short-lived effector cell fate prior to infection.
Exchange current density of the hydrogen oxidation reaction on Pt/C in polymer solid base electrolyte

Abstract The exchange current density of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) on platinum supported on carbon (Pt/C) has been widely studied for liquid base electrolyte (LBE), but has yet to be reported for a polymer solid base electrolyte (SBE). The goal of this study is to determine the exchange current density for the HOR on Pt/C in an SBE using a hydrogen pump and to compare it with those in LBE and a polymer solid acid electrolyte (SAE). We find that the HOR activity in the SBE is almost the same as in LBE, and is nearly two orders of magnitude lower than in SAE. The similar HOR activities on Pt/C in SBE and LBE suggest that previously reported exchange current densities measured in LBE accurately reflect Pt/C's activity for the HOR in SBE fuel cells even though the modes of ion conduction in liquid and solid polymer electrolytes are inherently different.
Markets with untraceable goods of unknown quality: Beyond the small-country case☆

When importing durables and nondurables, consumers often cannot discern quality prior to purchase. If they cannot also identify the individual producer, exporters have diminished incentives to produce high quality goods. To raise the quality of traded experience goods, previous international literature has proposed consolidation of export firms and the imposition of export quotas, policies that may be appropriate for tiny Taiwan but not a colossus like China. We contribute to this literature in three ways. First, we explicitly model the way in which consumers of experience goods rely on the reviews of previous buyers (who in turn rely on the reviews of buyers before them...) when deciding whether to purchase an experience good. Second, we endogenize the price of any given quality. Third, we assume that firms may exercise market power. As we show, once the “small country” assumption is dropped, policies advocated in the literature such as the merger of exporters or the imposition of export quotas can have adverse consequences on the profits of domestic exporters and on the welfare of all consumers. On the other hand, the unilateral imposition of minimum quality standards will increase the profits of domestic exporters while improving the welfare of all consumers.
Phase imprinting in equilibrating Fermi gases: the transience of vortex rings and other defects

We present numerical simulations of phase imprinting experiments in ultracold trapped Fermi gases, which were obtained independently and are in good agreement with recent experimental results. Our focus is on the sequence and evolution of defects using the fermionic time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation, which contains dissipation necessary for equilibration. In contrast to other simulations, we introduce small, experimentally unavoidable symmetry breaking, particularly that associated with thermal fluctuations and with the phase-imprinting tilt angle, and we illustrate their dramatic effects. As appears consistent with experiment, the former causes vortex rings in confined geometries to move to the trap surface and rapidly decay into more stable vortex lines. The latter aligns the precessing and relatively long-lived vortex filaments, rendering them difficult to distinguish from solitons.
Brief Discussion Automobile Supplier Product Quality Management

The build of Supplier quality management is a long and orderly process.If the enterprise could keep tracking and supervising,all these will bring a good promotion.This text mainly describe automobile supplier quality promotion,at the same time,give an idiographic and operable basic principle.
Interactional Group Therapy with the Adult Children of Alcoholics

(1982). Interactional Group Therapy with the Adult Children of Alcoholics. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 375-389.
An Acoustic Technique for the Noninvasive in-Situ Measurement of Crystal Size and Solution Concentration

We demonstrated the use of acoustic measurements for tracking potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal growth. Both KDP solution concentration and KDP crystal size can be found by using information derived from acoustic wave propagation in the solution. Acoustic measurements show good correlation to conductivity measurements for KDP solution concentration.
Femtosecond Studies of Isomerization and Energy Relaxation in Small Polyenes

The reaction dynamics of 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD) and both cis- (cHT) and trans- (tHT) 1,3,5-hexatriene were studied using ultrafast absorption spectroscopy. Kinetics on the red edge of the ground state absorption spectrum show that ‘hot’ cHT is formed from CHD within 400 fs. The hexatrienes recover on a similar time scale.
Fernand Crommelynck (1886–1970)

Fernand Crommelynck’s theatre is neither a civic festival nor a morality lesson, nor is it designed for relaxation. It is a theatre of action, of psychological probings, of character evolution, of dramatic climaxes, and of shattering suspense scenes. The bizarre machinations of his protagonists, their instinctuality and crudeness, bring to mind the seventeenth-century farceurs. The young Moliere, it has been claimed, was attracted to the Pont Neuf to observe the antics and verbal routines of the famous Tabarin, who would abash his viewers with his exaggerated visual and auditive compositions. Crommelynck captures the rudimentary temperament of the farceur in The Magnificent Cuckold (Le Cocu magnifique, 1920) and Golden Tripe (Tripes d’Or, 1925); and the lithe and imaginative quality of the commedia dell’arte plays with their improvisations and stock characters in Carine (1929); the hermetic implications of the mask in The Sculptor of Masks (Le Sculpteur de Masques, 1911); the symbolic and illusory realm in The Puerile Lovers (Les Amants puerils, 1921); the more popular blends of boulevard theatre in Hot and Cold (Chaud et Froid, 1934) and A Woman Whose Heart is too Small (La Femme qu’a le coeur trop petit, 1934).
Clinical and Ultrasonographic Evaluations of the Shoulders of Elite Swimmers.

Background:Shoulder pain is a common problem in competitive swimmers, but the structural alterations in elite-level competitive swimmers are not well known.Hypothesis:Adaptive changes are common in the rotator cuff, bursa, labrum, and capsule in elite swimmers, and such abnormalities are related to factors concerning training and correlate with symptoms.Study Design:Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods:The study population was the 2008 United States Olympic swimming team. All athletes completed standardized scales on shoulder pain and function and provided data on their training history and history of shoulder pain or injuries. Each athlete also underwent a comprehensive physical examination of both shoulders, followed by an evaluation of the rotator cuff, biceps, and bursa using ultrasound with dynamic images to assess for subcoracoid impingement and subacromial impingement.Results:A history of shoulder pain was reported by 29 of 42 (66%) athletes. Morphological changes consistent with ten...
How to Change Your Name in California

Published by Nolo, a company known for making the law accessible to everyone, How to Change Your Name in California is an instructional manual for California residents seeking a formal legal name c...
Perpetuation of errors in illustrations of cranial nerve anatomy

For more than 230 years, anatomical illustrations have faithfully reproduced the German medical student Thomas Soemmerring's cranial nerve (CN) arrangement. Virtually all contemporary atlases show the abducens, facial, and vestibulocochlear nerves (CNs VI–VIII) all emerging from the pontomedullary groove, as originally depicted by Soemmerring in 1778. Direct observation at microsurgery of the cerebellopontine angle reveals that CN VII emerges caudal to the CN VIII root from the lower lateral pons rather than the pontomedullary groove. Additionally, the CN VI root lies in the pontomedullary groove caudal to both CN VII and VIII in the vast majority of cases. In this high-resolution 3D MRI study, the exit location of CN VI was caudal to the CN VII/VIII complex in 93% of the cases. Clearly, Soemmerring's rostrocaudal numbering system of CN VI-VII-VIII (abducens-facial-vestibulocochlear CNs) should instead be VIII-VII-VI (vestibulocochlear-facial-abducens CNs). While the inaccuracy of the CN numbering system ...
Effect of zoobenthic standing crop on laminae preservation in tropical lake sediment, Lake Turkana, East Africa.

Fine-grained laminated lake beds are frequently interpreted as having developed under anoxic bottom-water conditions. The absence of pervasive bioturbation is considered to indicate O 2 levels too low to support burrowing metazoans. Evidence from Lake Turkana, Kenya, a large tropical Rift Valley lake, suggests that food-resource availability may be equally important in laminae preservation. Oxygen and temperature measurements from localities throughout the lake show bottom waters to be saturated or supersaturated with respect to O 2 even at great depths (> 100 m). Strong regional winds keep bottom waters well mixed, even at the prevailing water temperatures (25-30 degrees C) at which water is readily stratified. Sediments cored in offshore settings of Lake Turkana consist of finely laminated clays with very little interstitial organic material. Primary productivity is extremely high on the margin of the lake, but phytoplankton populations in offshore regions are markedly less productive. This study is intended to inject a cautionary note into potential misinterpretations of lacustrine paleoenvironments, particularly for areas which experience tropical climates at the time of deposition.--Modified journal abstract.
Physician Variation in Time to Antimicrobial Treatment for Septic Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department.

Objectives:Delayed initiation of appropriate antimicrobials is linked to higher sepsis mortality. We investigated interphysician variation in septic patients’ door-to-antimicrobial time.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:Emergency department of an academic medical center.Subjects:Adult patien
The G-quadruplex DNA stabilizing drug pyridostatin promotes DNA damage and downregulates transcription of Brca1 in neurons

The G-quadruplex is a non-canonical DNA secondary structure formed by four DNA strands containing multiple runs of guanines. G-quadruplexes play important roles in DNA recombination, replication, telomere maintenance, and regulation of transcription. Small molecules that stabilize the G-quadruplexes alter gene expression in cancer cells. Here, we hypothesized that the G-quadruplexes regulate transcription in neurons. We discovered that pyridostatin, a small molecule that specifically stabilizes G-quadruplex DNA complexes, induced neurotoxicity and promoted the formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in cultured neurons. We also found that pyridostatin downregulated transcription of the Brca1 gene, a gene that is critical for DSB repair. Importantly, in an in vitro gel shift assay, we discovered that an antibody specific to the G-quadruplex structure binds to a synthetic oligonucleotide, which corresponds to the first putative G-quadruplex in the Brca1 gene promoter. Our results suggest that the G-quadruplex complexes regulate transcription in neurons. Studying the G-quadruplexes could represent a new avenue for neurodegeneration and brain aging research.
Making Ice from Stacking-Disordered Crystallites

In a recent letter to Nature, Lupi et al. used computer simulations to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of ice nucleation. Their simulations demonstrate that the initial crystallites are stacking disordered as a result of entropy gains and predict nucleation rates orders of magnitude faster than those estimated by classical nucleation theory.
A contribution to the literature of the First World War by Mikhail Naimy: an analysis of the short story “Shorty”

ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes Mikhail Naimy’s 1919 short story “Shorty,” which is set in World War I and which clearly draws upon Naimy’s own military service with the American Expeditionary Force in France. Naimy’s life prior to the war is briefly reviewed and the question of why Naimy, who was not an American citizen and who abhorred war, chose to serve is explored. The paper then analyzes the ways Naimy exploited his firsthand experience of the war to express its ironic futility. Finally, an attempt is made to place Naimy’s story within the canon of Great War literature.
Identifying the scope of modeling for time-critical multiagent decision-making

Decision-making in multiagent settings requires significant computational resources. Agents need to model each other to decide how to coordinate - this sometimes may require solving nested models of many other agents and may be impractical to perform in an acceptable time. In this paper, we investigate ways in which the agents can be equipped with flexible decision-making procedures to allow multiagent decision-making under time pressure. One of the techniques we implemented uses iterative deepening algorithm guided by performance profiles generated offline. When the interaction involves many agents, the algorithm iteratively enhances the quality of coordinated decision-making by incrementally adding the levels of nesting considered, but with the additional penalty of increased running time. To identify the appropriate scope of modeling online we use the concept of urgency which represents cost of delaying decisions. We validate our framework with experiments in a simulated anti-air defense domain. The contribution of our framework is that it endows our autonomous agents with flexibility to cope with time pressure in complex multiagent settings.
Pediatric urinary retention and constipation: vaginal agenesis with hematometrocolpos.

An 11-year-old healthy female presented to the emergency department with three days of worsening suprapubic pain, urinary retention, and constipation. She was afebrile with normal vital signs. Her physical examination was notable for suprapubic distention and bulging pink vaginal tissue at the introitus. Bedside ultrasound suggested a distended bladder. Placement of a Foley catheter returned 550mL of urine with improvement of the patient’s discomfort, but repeat ultrasound visualized a persistent hypoechoic mass adjacent to the newly decompressed bladder (Figure). The obstructive cause of her abdominal pain and urinary retention was revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis, which confirmed distal vaginal agenesis with uterine distention from hematometrocolpos (Figure). A Foley catheter was temporarily left in place, and after pediatric and gynecological consultation and operative intervention, she was later free of obstructive symptoms after surgical correction of her vaginal agenesis and hematometrocolpos. Figure Long axis transabdominal sonographic view (left) of the patient’s abdomen revealing intrauterine low-level echogenic material (asterisk) communicating with the vaginal vault and a Foley catheter within a decompressed bladder (arrow). Sagittal ... Mullerian duct abnormalities, such as imperforate hymen, transverse vaginal septum, and vaginal agenesis, may be associated with abdominal pain or other symptoms of pelvic outlet obstruction, hematocolpos, and amenorrhea in the early adolescent years.1–4 While the prevalence of congenital uterine anomalies is estimated at 6.7%, Mullerian agenesis with lack of vaginal or uterine development is thought to only occur in one out of every 4,000–10,000 females.1,2 These errors in development are strongly associated with a number of other congenital anomalies including urinary tract abnormalities such as renal agenesis in an estimated 18–40% of patients, particularly when a hymen is absent.3–5 Visualization of vaginal-appearing tissue on physical examination instead of bulging bluish tissue more indicative of an imperforate hymen may suggest vaginal agenesis, but both ultrasound and MRI are recommended to adequately characterize pelvic and neighboring anatomy.6
A Remark on Real Parameter Global Bifurcation

We study the nonlinear eigenvalue problem F(x,λ) = L(λ)x +R(x,λ) = 0 where F : X × R → X with X a Hilbert space. IfL(λ) is a polynomial in λ, then it is shown that λ0> 0 is a global bifurcation point of the eigenvalue problem provided astandard transversality condition is satisfied, the dimension of the nullspace of L(λ0) is an odd number and L(λ) is composed of asequence of positive operators on the finite dimensional null space ofL(λ0).
Religion and the Recovery of Addicted Women

Personal interviews were conducted with 102 African-American and Anglo-American women in Texas coastal communities to determine the involvement of religious organizations in women's initiation and maintenance of recovery from drug addiction, the extent of women's help-seeking for recovery, and women's spiritual needs. Means, frequencies, chi squares, Pearson's correlations, and one-way ANOVAs were used to describe the data. Religious organizations helped about one-third of the women to begin or stay in recovery, primarily through counseling or ministering to spiritual needs. Only one-fourth of the women had sought help from churches. The predominant spiritual needs were forgiveness, love, and understanding. Implications for research and outreach are given.
Post-Occupancy Evaluation: Research Paradigm or Diagnostic Tool

POE (Post-Occupancy Evaluation) has existed, in some form, since people began occupying buildings. Its association with relatively systematic assessment of how well a building performs on explicit criteria is more recent, but has existed for at least 25 years. This chapter argues that the role of POE in improving building performance has been inadvertently undermined by trying to make POE an academically acceptable form of evaluation research. POE as a diagnostic tool (essentially a clinical technique) and environment-behavior research (intended to help develop a solid research tradition to guide architecture and interior design practice) are both useful. They share common concerns, but they are not synonymous. The development of facility management, a client-based professional discipline whose foremost concern is for buildings-in-use, has shifted attention from the architecture and design (as well as academic) communities as direct beneficiaries of POE results to the organization paying for and occupying the building. In doing so it has created a set of conditions that is beginning to make POE an acceptable management tool with potential for significantly improving building performance.