cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Adult lean body mass declines with age: some longitudinal observations.

Abstract Lean body mass, as estimated from 40 K counting, declines progressively during adult life. The rate of decline tends to speed up in later years, and is somewhat greater in the male. By age 65–70 the average male has 12 Kg. less LBM than at age 25; the female has 5 Kg. less. Longitudinal observations show that this trend is for the most part biological, not secular in origin. The magnitude of the decline is such, and the sex difference in LBM great enough to suggest that age and sex should both be taken into account in such matters as drug dosage and nutritional requirements.
Radiation Effects on LiNbO $_2$ Memristors for Neuromorphic Computing Applications

The effects of X-ray and proton radiation on a LiNbO2 analog memristor are investigated by I-V hysteresis, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, low-frequency AC voltage, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Both electrical and structural characterization of an irradiated memristor show that irradiation leads to an increased level of defects in the LiNbO2 crystalline lattice. These radiation-induced defects facilitate faster lithium movement as shown by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements on the as-grown and irradiated memristor. X-ray radiation improves ionic motion in the bulk of the device and increases the ionic resistance at the LiNbO2-metal interface. In the case of proton radiation, the memristance response improves due to an increase in ionic motion in the bulk and at the interfaces. It is also shown by Monte Carlo simulations that proton irradiation of LiNbO2 results in structural damage, which was verified experimentally by an X-ray diffraction study.
Eigenvalues and the degree sequences of graphs

Let G be a simple graph on vertices V={1,…,n}, with Laplacian matrix L=L(G). suppose L has eigenvalues λ1≥…≥λn−0, and that the degree sequence of G is d 1≥…λd n. In this paper we provide an improvement to the majorization inequalities between the spectrum and the main diagonal of L. The main result has as a corollary that
Disproportionate sampling for population subgroups in telephone surveys

Population studies often seek to examine phenomena in important population subgroups or to compare results among these and other subgroups. When subgroups of interest comprise a relatively small percentage of the population and acceptable subgroup member lists are not available to serve as sampling frames, it may be prohibitively expensive even by telephone to screen through a sample of the entire population. This paper considers some statistical effects of estimation from a class of two-stratum telephone sample designs where part of the frame with a higher subgroup concentration is disproportionately sampled compared to the rest of the frame. Using proportionate sampling as a reference, the relative impact of this disproportionate design is determined for nominal and effective sample sizes, where the latter are tied to the effect of variation in sample weights that occurs in disproportionately allocated samples. Findings are illustrated using two recent telephone surveys. Whereas nominal subgroup sample sizes may be improved by disproportionate sampling, we conclude that both the survey designer and analyst should use this type of design cautiously in telephone surveys.
Analysis of underivatized oleic acid and related impurities by capillary gas chromatography

The present report describes the use of capillary GC to obtain the impurity profile of commerce grade oleic acid without the use of a derivatization step. The identification and relative retention time information provided should allow greater application to the analysis and identification of underivatized C12-C18 fatty acids in a wide range of samples
Differentiability of Lieb functional in electronic density functional theory

A solid understanding of the Lieb functional FL is important because of its centrality in the foundations of electronic density functional theory. A basic question is whether directional derivatives of FL at an ensemble-V-representable density are given by (minus) the potential. A widely accepted purported proof that FL is Gateaux differentiable at EV-representable densities would say, "yes." But that proof is fallacious, as shown here. FL is not Gateaux differentiable in the normal sense, nor is it continuous. By means of a constructive approach, however, we are able to show that the derivative of FL at an EV-representable density 0 in the direction of 1 is given by the potential if 0 and 1 are everywhere strictly greater than zero, and they and the ground state wave function have square integrable derivatives through second order.
Early sonographic evaluation of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate duplex and color Doppler findings in patients before and within 24 h after transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunts (TIPS). Conventional duplex and color Doppler were used in the assessment of 19 patients who underwent TIPS as part of a prospective protocol. Patients were examined within 24 h before and after the procedure. Before TIPS, patency, flow direction, and peak flow velocity in the main portal vein and hepatic artery were studied, as well as patency and flow direction in hepatic veins, splenic vein, and inferior vena cava (IVC). Immediately after the procedure, sonographic identification of stent position, shunt patency, and flow dynamics were evaluated and patency and flow direction of hepatic veins, splenic vein, and IVC were determined. The portogram performed at the end of the procedure was compared with the 24-h sonographic studies after TIPS to determined sonographic/angiographic correlation. No intraparenchymal abnormalities or perihepatic fluid collections were detected after the procedure. The metallic stent was clearly seen in all patients. Mean peak shunt flow velocities were 139±50 cm/sec within 24 h after TIPS. Absence of flow through the shunt was correctly identified in one case and confirmed angiographically. Mean peak flow velocity in the portal vein before TIPS was 22±13.6 cm/sec and increased to 43.6±9.1 cm/sec after TIPS (p<0.05). The hepatic artery peak systolic velocity increased from 77±51 cm/sec before TIPS to 119±53 cm/sec after the procedure (p=0.029). Conventional duplex and color Doppler ultrasound proved to be a useful non-invasive diagnostic method to assess patients who have undergone TIPS. We propose its use as the primary diagnostic modality in these patients.
Employment Self-Disclosure Rates and Rationales of University Graduates With Learning Disabilities

Five hundred graduates with learning disabilities (LD) from three universities in the United States completed a survey related to their postschool employment outcomes and experiences. The present study presents data related to their decisions regarding LD disclosure in employment settings. Although 73% of the respondents reported that the LD affected their job in some way, only 55% reported self-disclosing, and only 12% reported requesting accommodations. Specific reasons for each of these decisions are presented, as are areas in which LD affect work, strategies for dealing with LD in the workplace, and perceptions of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Implications for secondary and postsecondary programs are discussed.
Human DNA Methyltransferase 3a does not Associate with MicroRNAs in the Regulation of DNA Methylation

Despite important roles in mammalian gene regulation, the critical targeting mechanism of DNA methylation for specific DNA sequences remains unclear. Recently, small non-coding RNAs were reported to be essential for DNA methylation in plants as well as in mice, suggesting that small non-coding RNAs might interact with DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) to provide them with target sequence information. In the present study, we attempted to detect and isolate microRNAs by immunoprecipitation (IP) that might be associated with human DNMT3a. When analyzed by gel electrophoresis after radioisotope-labeling, DNMT3a IP revealed no detectable levels of microRNA. RNA from DNMT3a IP was also analyzed with microRNA microarray and with subsequent RT-PCR. The results showed no specific enrichment of candidate microRNAs in the DNMT3a IP. DNMT3a was not directly associated with microRNAs. But, other classes of small non-coding RNA could still be implicated with DNMTs in a specific tissue such as testis where such RNA species are highly abundant.
A prospective study of children ‘at risk’ for deafness

A prospective survey of 738 children with high risk factors was carried out in the north-east of Scotland. High risk factors used in previous surveys were reviewed and considered inadequate. New and stringent standards are described. Results are compared with the national incidence of sensori-neural deafness and with other surveys.
Advances in Aromatase Inhibition: Clinical Efficacy and Tolerability in the Treatment of Breast Cancer

The successful management of breast cancer remains a major challenge to surgeons and oncologists in the 21st century. Although the incidence of breast cancer varies throughout the world, the disease is universally perceived to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both pre- and
Cognition as a measure of team diversity

Project-based learning in teams has been increasingly prevalent in engineering and design education, as it affords unique collaborative learning opportunities. Though many believe that diversity on a team allows for the richest learning experiences and perhaps the most innovative outcomes, this has been difficult to show experimentally, particularly when diversity is measured according to standard ethnographic factors (such as race, gender, etc.). We propose that a more meaningful measure of team diversity may be “cognitive diversity,” or the breadth of problem solving styles that is inherent to the team. These problem solving styles are determined by measuring the cognitive preferences of individual students with psychometric survey instruments. In this paper, we describe a method by which this individual psychometric data can be reconstructed as a measure of team cognitive diversity, and present our findings as applied to an international graduate-level engineering design course. Our findings include the positive result that there is substantial cognitive diversity even in populations with relatively little ethnographic diversity (e.g. a class of incoming Masters students with largely similar age, work experience and socioeconomic background). Furthermore, there is evidence that these cognitive characteristics can be linked to long-term team dynamics and performance. Understanding how cognition affects learning and collaboration will help us to craft more informed team learning experiences and to form better, more innovative design engineering teams in academia and industry.
An open architecture for software process asset reuse

The development and reuse of software engineering processes within an organization can be impeded by the lack of a solid process framework. An open process architecture provides a framework through the identification of architectural elements and the specification of element interfaces. This paper introduces one open process architecture and examines some architectural element interfaces.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Data Association for Multi-Target Tracking

This paper presents Markov chain Monte Carlo data association (MCMCDA) for solving data association problems arising in multitarget tracking in a cluttered environment. When the number of targets is fixed, the single-scan version of MCMCDA approximates joint probabilistic data association (JPDA). Although the exact computation of association probabilities in JPDA is NP-hard, we prove that the single-scan MCMCDA algorithm provides a fully polynomial randomized approximation scheme for JPDA. For general multitarget tracking problems, in which unknown numbers of targets appear and disappear at random times, we present a multi-scan MCMCDA algorithm that approximates the optimal Bayesian filter. We also present extensive simulation studies supporting theoretical results in this paper. Our simulation results also show that MCMCDA outperforms multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) by a significant margin in terms of accuracy and efficiency under extreme conditions, such as a large number of targets in a dense environment, low detection probabilities, and high false alarm rates.
Metabolism of Salsalate in Normal Subjects

The metabolism of salsalate (I) was characterized in two normal volunteers. The drug was almost completely absorbed and was excreted primarily in the urine; only approximately 1% of the total dose was found in the stools. Although I is a salicylate derivative, which on hydrolysis yields two molecules of salicylic acid (II), approximately 7-10% of the dose was not hydrolyzed to salicylic acid and appeared in the urine either as unchanged drug or glucuronide conjugates. Thus, the incomplete availability of salicylate from salsalate that has been previously reported may not be due to incomplete absorption of the drug but to incomplete hydrolysis to salicylic acid.
Separation and Weak Konig's Lemma

We continue the work of [14, 3, 1, 19, 16, 4, 12, 11, 20] investigating the strength of set existence axioms needed for separable Banach space theory. We show that the separation theorem for open convex sets is equivalent to WKL 0 over RCA 0 . We show that the separation theorem for separably closed convex sets is equivalent to ACA 0 over RCA 0 . Our strategy for proving these geometrical Hahn–Banach theorems is to reduce to the finite-dimensional case by means of a compactness argument.
A Poem to Memorialize an Experiential Focal Group1

Thirteen women enrolled in a master’s level group therapy class participated in an experiential focal group culminating in the writing of a poem. The poem was part of the framework developed by the students to evaluate an in-class personal and professional growth experience. The poem provided greater meaning to the participants than a mere letter grade assigned by the professor for class participation alone. The emotional intensity created through class participation in a group therapy class lends itself to memorializing a deeply shared temporal experience in a form of expression that is apposite to a poem.
Extending the Job Demands–Resources Model Predicting Perceived Parental Success Among Dual-Earners

This study extended the job demands–resources model to consider how resources and demands stemming from the work domain were related to the perceived parental success of dual-earner mothers and fathers. The analysis was performed using data from the 2002 National Study of the Changing Workforce (N = 308 dual-earner mothers and 296 dual-earner fathers). Results for mothers indicated that job resources and demands only mattered when the interactions between them were considered, with supervisor support and organizational support moderating how the demand of nonstandard work hours related to perceived parental success. The findings for fathers highlight the importance of direct relationships, with the results showing that nonstandard work hours were related to lower perceived parental success, whereas the work resources of coworker support and supervisor support were both positively related to the dependent variable. These findings suggest that the job demands–resources model can be extended to examine the p...
More sugar, less blood vessels: another piece in the puzzle of increased cardiovascular risk in diabetes.

Patients with diabetes have a several-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events than people without diabetes. The susceptibility to heart failure, lower limb amputations, and other manifestations of tissue ischemia in diabetes is attributable to an increased risk of atherothrombotic disease as well as impaired neovascularization and collateral formation through arteriogenesis or angiogenesis.1,2 Abnormal angiogenesis in diabetes, however, is complex because increased neovascularization is the hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, another major complication of the disease. See accompanying article on page 651 The mechanisms responsible for this range of abnormal angiogenesis in different tissues in patients with diabetes are poorly understood, but relate at least in part to differential expression of hypoxia-induced angiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Cardiac expression of VEGF and its receptors are decreased in diabetic rats3,4 and in patients with diabetes,3 whereas VEGF and its receptors, paradoxically, are increased in the diabetic retina, even in animal models where proliferative diabetic retinopathy does not occur.3,5 Both insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, present in most patients with diabetes, may affect angiogenic potential. Insulin action is necessary for appropriate expression of VEGF6 (see Figure), and rats with obesity-associated nondiabetic insulin resistance have decreased expression of VEGF and VEGF receptors3 and decreased capillary density in the heart.6 Hyperglycemia itself may inhibit angiogenesis, for example through formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE). As an example modification of (basic) fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) by AGE,7 as shown by several independent groups, inhibits its angiogenic action. Even though many studies have shown that AGE increase proangiogenic functions of cultured endothelial cells, the compound effect …
Ethnicity and body dissatisfaction: Are Hispanic and Asian girls at increased risk for eating disorders?

Purpose: To compare prevalences and correlates of body dissatisfaction among white, Hispanic, and Asian girls. Methods: A total of 939 6th and 7th grade girls (mean age 12.4 years) attending four middle schools in northern California completed self-administered assessments of age, ethnicity, desired body shape, parent education levels, mother's and father's body shapes, pubertal stage, and body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction was assessed with the Body Dissatisfaction scale of the Eating Disorder Inventory. Height, weight, triceps skinfold thickness, and waist and hip circumferences were measured by trained examiners. Results: Hispanic girls reported significantly greater body dissatisfaction than white girls, with Asian girls in-between. After adjustment for body mass index (weight/height 2 ), normal and overweight white, Hispanic, and Asian girls reported similar levels of body dissatisfaction. However, among the leanest 25% of girls, Hispanics and Asians reported significantly more body dissatisfaction than white girls. Body mass index was the strongest independent predictor of increased body dissatisfaction in all three ethnic groups. Shorter height among white girls and taller height among Asian girls also made significant independent contributions. Parent education level, a measure of socioeconomic status, was not significantly associated with body dissatisfaction. Conclusions: Body dissatisfaction is not limited to white girls in middle and upper socioeconomic strata. These findings suggest Hispanic and Asian girls may be at greater risk for adopting eating disorder behaviors than previously recognized.
Classes of separable two-generator free subgroups of 3-manifold groups

Abstract In this paper, we consider subgroup separability of free products with amalgamation of Kleinian groups of finite covolume. Specifically, we prove the following. Let M 1 and M 2 be compact orientable 3-manifolds with non-empty boundary whose interiors admit complete hyperbolic structures of finite volume. Fix boundary components T 1 ∈ ∂M 1 and T 2 ∈ ∂M 2 , and let f :T 1 →T 2 be a homeomorphism. Let M be the manifold obtained by identifying M 1 and M 2 along the fixed boundary components via f . If α and β are loxodromic elements of π 1 ( M 1 ) and π 1 ( M 2 ), respectively, then 〈 α , β 〉 is a separable subgroup of π 1 ( M ).
Economic Models for Single Sample Acceptance Sampling Plans, No Inspection, and 100 Percent Inspection

Once a process is stabilized using control charts, it is necessary to determine whether this process is capable of producing die desired quality, as determined by the specifications, without the use of some additional inspection procedure such as 100 percent inspection or acceptance sampling. One common method of making this determination is the use of process capability ratios. However, this approach may lead to erroneous decisions due to the omission of economic information. This paper attempts to remedy this situation by developing economic models to examine the profitability of different inspection policies. These models employ the quadratic loss function to represent the economic cost of quality from external failures, which is commonly omitted or overlooked. Moreover, assuming a normal distribution for the quality characteristic allows the use of simplified formulas that are provided. Thus the calculations can be made using standard normal tables and a calculator. Additionally, these economic models may be used to determine if additional inspection procedures should be reinstated if the quality of the process was to decline, to make capital budgeting decisions involving new equipment that produces parts of a higher quality, and to determine the preferred 100 percent inspection plan or acceptance sampling plan.
Can we trust parent reports in research on cultural and ethnic differences in child psychopathology? Using the bicultural family design to test parental culture effects.

Research comparing cultural and ethnic groups on child psychopathology has relied heavily on parent reports. But don't parents' own cultural backgrounds bias their reports, undermining valid assessment of actual child behavior? The question is hard to address because parent and child culture tend to be confounded. To solve this problem, we assembled an unusual but heuristically valuable sample: 50 bicultural families, each with an ethnic Thai parent reared in Thailand and a Caucasian parent reared in the U.S. Parents in each pair independently completed standardized problem checklists on the same child in their family. Across all 10 empirically derived problem syndromes, no parental culture effect was either significant or larger than "small," by Cohen's (1988) standards; across all 140 specific problems, the mean percent of variance accounted for by parent culture was less than 1%. Results do not point to a biasing effect of parental culture. For many decades, researchers have sought to understand the impact of cultural and ethnic variations on the development of psychopathology in children. 1 Hundreds of studies have been designed to assess the prevalence of various forms of child psychopathology in different sociocultural groups, both within the United States and across national boundaries. The result has been a mushrooming literature involving cross-ethnic and cross-cultural comparisons, with an array of findings that may enrich our understanding of culture and developmental psychopathology. However, a potential methodological problem may complicate interpretation of nearly all these findings, raising questions about how much the studies can actually reveal about culture and ethnicity in relation to psychopathology. The potential problem is related to this fact: In the great majority of studies, child psychopathology is assessed by means of adult reports about children. By far the most common assessment approach involves the use of parent-report checklists. Such checklists have proliferated over the years (see, e.g., Jellinek & Murphy, 1990; Quay & Peterson, 1983). The most widely used of these is
Climate on Cable The Nature and Impact of Global Warming Coverage on Fox News, CNN, and MSNBC

This study examines climate change coverage on the three major cable news channels and assesses the relationship between viewership of these channels and beliefs about global warming. Evidence from...
An algorithm resistive to invertibility attack in watermarking relational databases

As a copyright protection technique, digital watermarking has arisen more and more attention from the public. It has been widely applied to copyright protection of multimedia data (images, video and audio). The increasing use of relational databases also calls for the need of applying the technique to databases in order to protect the copyright. With the development of digital watermarking technique for relational databases, some studies go deep into watermarking attacks. Study on attacks will obtain algorithm's improvement and technique's development. Although there are several relational database digital watermarking algorithms, they cannot resist some attacks like invertibility attack. Invertibility attack is such an attack that the attacker finds a fictitious watermark in the watermarked database, and he fabricates an original database to announce his copyright possession. Thus it will result in the confusion of copyright confirmation. After analyzing the invertibility attack and studying the current watermarking algorithms on relational databases, we propose an algorithm by constructing relating characteristics according to the content of the database, which can resist invertibility attack efficiently. The simulative experiments also demonstrate that the algorithm is resistive to subset attacks as well.
Reconstruction of Tip, Ala, and Caudal Sidewall: Two Concurrent Defects – Two Methods of Repair

A 57-year-old female presented with two independent basal cell carcinomas of the nose. One was located on the right nasal tip and the other in the area of the left alar groove and caudal sidewall. She had a previous sclerosing basal cell carcinoma removed 5 years earlier from the area occupied by the left tumor. In addition to this, two other basal cell carcinomas had been removed from her nose in the past. One each located on the right and left sides of the nose.
IN VITRO SYNTHESIS OF ENZYMES INVOLVED IN MEMBRANE BIOSYNTHESIS IN E. COLI

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the in vitro synthesis of enzymes involved in membrane biosynthesis in E. coli. Phosphatidyl serine synthase (pss gene locus) catalyzes the committed step in the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine in E. coli. This enzyme has been shown to be ribosomal bound in the crude extracts of E. coli, but this association appears to be an artifact of isolation. The properties of the purified enzyme suggest a membrane location for the enzyme in vivo . To study the processes of transcription and translation of the pss gene locus and the subsequent assembly of the gene product into a functional enzyme, the pss gene has been cloned using pBR322 as the cloning vector. The resulting plasmid (pPS4017) directs the synthesis of phosphatidylserine synthase in an E. coli S30 protein synthesizing system.
Field Inspection of Corrugated HDPE Pipeline Network under Heap Piles at a Copper Mine Site in Chile

AbstractIn-service conditions of a corrugated high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipeline network embedded within a bioleaching pad in the Atacama Desert in Chile were assessed. The pipes provided air for the copper extraction process and were subjected to large overburden stresses generated by the ore heap pile. A pipe crawling device was developed for the study. The field data collected revealed that the pipes were suffering from excessive deflections, circumferential shortening, and flexural bending. Wall buckling was observed in some sections. The flexural bending affected the pipe joint integrity. Field data also revealed localized punctures at some locations because of ore rocks pressing against the pipes. A few sections showed reversed curvature and joint failure. These conditions can generate a loss of functionality for the pipeline system. After a review of the construction record, it was determined the distresses were a result of using inappropriate backfill material and a poor installation procedure.
Abstract C201: Activity of the GlaxoSmithKline kinase inhibitor set on glioblastoma stem cells

Despite significant advances in our understanding glioblastoma (GBM) in recent years, it remains a deadly cancer with a very poor prognosis. There is an urgent need for new therapies. Kinases are well known regulators of cellular growth and survival and there are many compounds available that are capable of inhibiting specific kinases. Recently, GlaxoSmithKline has made available a library of over 350 kinase inhibitors in a public-private partnership to facilitate the discovery of new drugs and targets in multiple disease settings (Nature Chemical Biology 9:3 (2013)). Together these compounds have been shown to inhibit over 100 different kinases by in vitro kinase assay at 1 uM. We have screened these compounds against 3 different GBM stem cell lines under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Over 40 compounds were strongly inhibitory for least one cell line and condition. However, only 9 of these compounds were capable of inhibiting the growth all three cell lines by 90% at 1 uM in both conditions. Seven of the 9 common inhibitors had IC509s under 100 nM and 4 had IC509s under 10 nM in at least one oxygen condition. In vitro kinase assays indicate that these compounds each have multiple kinase targets. Based on an analysis of common targets, it is likely that one of the targets is PLK1 which is well known GBM inhibitor. Two compounds that don9t inhibit PLK1 both inhibit CLK2 and KIT strongly. IC50 analysis demonstrated wide variability among cell lines and oxygen concentrations. The effectiveness of a single compound could vary more then tenfold between cell lines and more than fiftyfold between normoxia and hypoxia. Some compounds were more effective under hypoxia and some were less. These results strengthen the case for personalized therapies and indicate that hypoxia (which is prevalent in GBM) can significantly alter the effectiveness of inhibitors. Citation Format: Simon Khagi, Sejuti Sengupta, Tate Tabtieng, Brent H. Cochran. Activity of the GlaxoSmithKline kinase inhibitor set on glioblastoma stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C201.
Quantitative Observations of Dot Angel Echoes at Two Frequencies

Results of many observations of radar echoes of the clear-air dot angel type at Austin, Tex., are reported. Measurements were made at two wavelengths, $#x03BB;=3.3 em and $#x03BB;=9.1 em, using nearly identical antenna beams pointed vertically. Results suggest particulate matter, probably insects, as the source of most clear-air dot angel echoes. Other clear-air angel-type echoes which were observed on rare occasions are believed to originate at inversion layers. They were received only on S-band and did not exhibit the same characteristics as most echoes of the dot angel type.
Suppression of circulating antibodies in pyridoxin deficiency.

SummaryMale albino rats immunized in a state of pyridoxin deficiency developed antibody levels in the serum far below those of inanition controls (paired weighed) and full controls.
Analysis of the Relative Age Effect in Elite Youth Judo Athletes

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate relative age effects (RAEs) in elite youth judo athletes from different chronological age groups, between sexes, and across weight categories. Data from 1542 place winners of the cadet (under 17 y, 2009-2013) and junior judo world championships (under 20/21 y, 1990-2013) were separated by birth month into quarters (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4). The observed values were compared with expected annual age distributions using χ2 analyses, and odd ratios (OR) were used to evaluate effect sizes between quarters. The observed frequency of place winners was significantly different from the expected frequency for the age-group and sex comparisons and all body-mass groups (P < .05) with the exception of the extra-light categories (P = .572). When comparing Q1 with Q4 (OR, 95% confidence interval), small effect sizes were observed for cadets (1.72, 1.12-2.66), juniors (1.54, 1.23-1.94), males (1.75, 1.32-2.33), females (1.39, 1.03-1.87), and the light- (1.79, 1.21-2.64) and m...
Update on William Wernick's “Triangle Constructions with Three Located Points”

(1996). Update on William Wernick's “Triangle Constructions with Three Located Points”. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 69, No. 1, pp. 46-49.
Cultural Influence on Coping Strategies of Filipino Immigrant Nurses

Much of the research on internationally educated nurses (IENs) has focused on the challenges they encounter in the United States and how they can best be integrated into the workplace. Despite their many challenges, Filipino IENs continue to come to the United States and thrive, bringing with them diverse experience and knowledge that contribute to the provision of quality care to a patient population that is becoming increasingly diverse. Although a substantial body of research has been published on IEN coping, fewer studies have focused on the influence of culture on Filipino IEN's preferred coping strategies. This study contributes to the burgeoning interest in understanding culture's influence on coping patterns and preferences among diverse populations. Occupational health nurses and administrators can use these findings to develop culturally appropriate health promotion programs and interventions to retain quality nurses and promote healthier workplaces.
Extremity Fractures in Children: 1. Epiphyseal Injuries

A minority of extremity fractures in children, actually fewer than one in 200, require open reduction. The overwhelming majority heal well after closed reduction and use of a cast or traction. Epiphyseal injuries always call for a guarded prognosis.
Effect of high temperature on dynamic compressive mechanical properties of granite

By using a high temperature split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus composed of a traditional Φ100 mm SHPB and a high-temperature device,a dynamic compression test of granite chosen from Shaanxi Qinling mountain under high temperature and dynamic loading was conducted. The varying laws of its peak stress,peak strain and elastic modulus were studied. It was demonstrated that during 25 ℃ to 600 ℃,temperature has a little effect on its peak stress; but its peak stress drops rapidly within the temperature range of 800 ℃ to 1000 ℃; the possible critical temperature exists within the temperature range of 600 ℃ to 800℃; the peak strain increases gradually with increase in temperature,and the elastic modulus generally presents decreasing trend; in general,its peak stress and peak strain reveal significant strain rate hardening effect at high temperature.
Primary blast injury causes cognitive impairments and hippocampal circuit alterations

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) and its long term consequences are a major health concern among veterans. Despite recent work enhancing our knowledge about bTBI, very little is known about the contribution of the blast wave alone to the observed sequelae. Herein, we isolated its contribution in a mouse model by constraining the animals' heads during exposure to a shockwave (primary blast). Our results show that exposure to primary blast alone results in changes in hippocampus-dependent behaviors that correspond with electrophysiological changes in area CA1 and are accompanied by reactive gliosis. Specifically, five days after exposure, behavior in an open field and performance in a spatial object recognition (SOR) task were significantly different from sham. Network electrophysiology, also performed five days after injury, demonstrated a significant decrease in excitability and increase in inhibitory tone. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP and Iba1 performed ten days after injury showed a significant increase in staining. Interestingly, a threefold increase in the impulse of the primary blast wave did not exacerbate these measures. However, we observed a significant reduction in the contribution of the NMDA receptors to the field EPSP at the highest blast exposure level. Our results emphasize the need to account for the effects of primary blast loading when studying the sequelae of bTBI.
Social exclusion, self-affirmation, and health information avoidance

Abstract Although early detection of disease is key, people sometimes opt to avoid learning personal health information. Correlational research suggests that people will avoid health information if they lack social support. In the present study, we aimed to investigate this social motive for health-information avoidance experimentally. We examined whether social rejection might prompt health information avoidance and whether self-affirmation could temper this effect. Participants who were either rejected or included in an online game (Studies 1 & 3) received the opportunity to learn their risk for a disease. Participants who were recently rejected were more likely to avoid learning their risk. Conceptually replicating earlier work, participants who thought about their own demonstration of a personal value (i.e., who self-affirmed) were less likely to avoid information (Study 2 & 3). Affirmation did not moderate the effect of exclusion on avoidance suggesting the affirmation and exclusion operated independently, but in opposite directions (Study 3).
Histological chorioamnionitis shapes the neonatal transcriptomic immune response

Background Histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) is commonly associated with preterm birth and deleterious post-natal outcomes including sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis. Transcriptomic analysis has been used to uncover gene signatures that permit diagnosis and prognostication, show new therapeutic targets, and reveal mechanisms that underlie differential outcomes with other complex disease states in neonates such as sepsis.
Tax policy and farm capital investment: Section 179 expensing and bonus depreciation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to estimate the impact of Internal Revenue Code cost recovery provisions – Section 179 and “bonus depreciation” – on farm capital investment. Design/methodology/approach – The authors construct a synthetic panel of data consisting of cohorts of similar farms based on state and production specialization using the USDA’s Agricultural Resource Management Survey for years 1996-2012. Employing panel data methods, the authors are able to control for time-invariant fixed effects, as well as the effects of past investment on current investment. Findings – The authors estimate statistically significant investment demand elasticities with respect to the Section 179 expensing deduction of between 0.28 and 0.50. A change in bonus depreciation, on average, had little impact on capital investment. Practical implications – The estimates suggest there is a modest effect of the cost recovery provisions on investment overall, but a stronger effect on farms that have more than $10,000 ...
Rectal indomethacin is protective against post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk patients but not average-risk patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background and Aims Rectal indomethacin is a popular chemopreventive agent to help prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Previous meta-analyses have shown an overall protective effect for PEP in average-risk and high-risk patients. However, these meta-analyses are limited by a small number of studies. Recently, more trials have been published addressing this issue. The aim is to determine whether rectal indomethacin prevents PEP in average-risk and high-risk groups, after incorporating these new data. Methods A comprehensive search of multiple literature databases in April 2016 was performed. Human prospective randomized controlled trials with placebo controls that examined the effect of rectally administered indomethacin on the incidence of PEP were included. Results A total of 8 trials between 2007 and 2016 (n = 3778) were included. No significant publication bias existed. All studies used similar criteria to detect pancreatitis. Random effects model meta-analysis showed that the rate of PEP was significantly lower using indomethacin compared with placebo (relative risk, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.65; P P = .115). The result of the main outcome remained robust in multiple sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Rectal indomethacin given before or after ERCP is protective against PEP in high-risk patients versus placebo; however, it is not protective in average-risk patients versus placebo.
Time - resolved Gamma Ray spectral analysis of planetary neutron and Gamma Ray instrumentation

The current gamma ray/neutron instrumentation development effort at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center?s Astrochemistry Laboratory aims to extend the use of neutron interrogation techniques, using a 14 MeV Pulsed Neutron Generator (PNG) combined with neutron and gamma ray detectors, to probe the surface and subsurface of planetary bodies in situ without the need to drill. One aspect of the current work includes the development of taking timed tagged event-byevent data using our custom designed software with the Canberra Lynx Digital Signal Analyzer to provide a unique three-dimensional master data set with channel/energy, time, and intensity information. Since the master data set is not limited to predetermined coincidence timing gates set for a specific nuclear process, the user is allowed the flexibility to slice the data cube in a multitude of ways without loss of information or experimental time due to the need for additional acquisition windows. Time tagged event-by-event data allows the user to isolate a particular energy line from the spectrum over a specific window in time with respect to the PNG pulse, analyze a gamma ray spectrum resulting from either neutron capture, between the burst, or inelastic scattering events, during the neutron burst, and extract data for engineering purposes to optimize timing windows to look at specific elements in different environments. In this paper, we will present the results of our experimental data using the time tagged event-by-event data analysis technique compared with non-time-gated data taken at the test facility at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Comparison of these data will show the advantages and validity of this method to obtain more precise, sensitive, and accurate elemental composition measurements.
Shear field around adherent leukocytes as measured by Micro-PTV

Polystyrene micro-particle (bead) tracking velocimetry (mu-PTV) with automatic object detection was used to measure fluid shear rates around adhered leukocytes in venules of the living murine cremaster muscle. Morphology-based automated bead detection was followed by auction-based bead-pair assignment. Beads above or below the objective's depth-of- field were identified and eliminated by a blurriness algorithm which approximated the microscope's point-spread-function as an axially-varying two-dimensional Gaussian. These data allow construction of shear rate and shear stress maps around adherent leukocytes with 0.5 micrometer resolution.
Heat capacities of supercritical fluid mixtures: Comparing experimental measurements with Monte Carlo molecular simulations for carbon dioxide-methanol mixtures

Abstract Accurate thermophysical properties of supercritical fluid mixtures are important to today’s practicing scientists and engineers as they endeavor to correctly capture the unique attributes of these high pressure fluids in chemical processes and energy systems. Isobaric heat capacity, pertinent to many heat exchange calculations and thermodynamic variable manipulations, was measured for carbon dioxide-methanol mixtures using a flow calorimeter over a wide range of compositions (5–30 mol% methanol), temperatures (60–150 °C), and pressures (90–300 bar). Heat capacity predictions from Monte Carlo molecular simulations were compared to experimental measurements at each state point. The average absolute difference between simulation predictions and measurements was slightly larger than +4%. Maximum deviations occurred in the near critical region for each mixture composition. In additions to providing new experimental data, this study validates the utility of molecular simulations as a predictive tool for this mixture in this experimentally challenging region of phase space, though more work is required to accurately calculate fluid properties in regions proximate the mixture critical point.
Common spongiotic dermatoses

This review article focuses on the spongiotic tissue reaction pattern and some of the common entities that practicing pathologists can frequently encounter in their practice. The spongiotic tissue reaction pattern is the single most common one encountered in the routine analysis of inflammatory dermatoses, and the most non-specific one as well. Spongiotic dermatoses include a very large list of disorders which are best grouped under neutrophilic, eosinophilic, miliarial, follicular and pityriasiform forms of spogiosis. The dermatoses that will be discussed under this category include contact dermatitis, eczema, pityriasis rosea, stasis dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis and others.
Continuous models that are equivalent to randomness for the analysis of many sorting algorithms

It is shown that a large class of continuous models for the average case analysis of many sorting algorithms (including quicksort, Shell's sort, heapsort insertion sort) will display the same expected behavior with respect to interchanges and comparisons. This is done by comparing these models with the discrete model in which every permutation has the same probability. Applications to priority queues and to straight insertion sort are given.
Design and implementation of instructional videos for upper-division undergraduate laboratory courses

Well-designed laboratories can help students master content and science practices by successfully completing the laboratory experiments. Upper-division chemistry laboratory courses often present special challenges for instruction due to the instrument intensive nature of the experiments. To address these challenges, particularly those associated with rotation style course structures, pre-laboratory videos were generated for two upper-division laboratory courses, Analytical Measurements and Physical Measurements. Sets of videos were developed for each experiment: a pre-laboratory lecture, an experimental, and a data analysis video. We describe the theoretical principles that guided the design of the instructional videos as well as the process. To assess the impact of the videos on students' successful completion of the experiments, a mixed-methods approach to data collection was used, which included video-recorded laboratory observations, student one-on-one interviews, and the Meaningful Learning in the Laboratory Inventory (MLLI) survey. Our findings indicate that video-based resources can help alleviate some challenges associated with rotation-style labs, particularly the temporal disconnect between pre-laboratory lectures and experiment completion as well as the need for more student autonomy in upper-division laboratory courses.