cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An integrated network approach identifies the isobutanol response network of Escherichia coli

Isobutanol has emerged as a potential biofuel due to recent metabolic engineering efforts. Here we used gene expression and transcription network connectivity data, genetic knockouts, and network component analysis (NCA) to map the initial isobutanol response network of Escherichia coli under aerobic conditions. NCA revealed profound perturbations to respiration. Further investigation showed ArcA as an important mediator of this response. Quinone/quinol malfunction was postulated to activate ArcA, Fur, and PhoB in this study. In support of this hypothesis, quinone-linked ArcA and Fur target expressions were significantly less perturbed by isobutanol under fermentative growth whereas quinol-linked PhoB target expressions remained activated, and isobutanol impeded growth on glycerol, which requires quinones, more than on glucose. In addition, ethanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol response networks were compared. n-Butanol and isobutanol responses were qualitatively similar, whereas ethanol had notable induction differences of pspABCDE and ndh, whose gene products manage proton motive force. The network described here could aid design and comprehension of alcohol tolerance, whereas the approach provides a general framework to characterize complex phenomena at the systems level.
Relationships between maternal behavior of SHR and WKY dams and adult blood pressures of cross-fostered F1 pups.

In this experiment SHR and WKY dams reared genetically identical F1 pups derived from SHR X WKY matings. We found that a composite maternal behavior score was positively correlated with adult blood pressures of the fostered offspring. This replicated a similar finding from our previous study in which SHR and WKY mothers reared their own pups. Unlike this previous Study, WKY dams rearing F1 pups exhibited maternal behavior patterns similar to SHR dams. Finally, we found their was no effect of the strain of foster mother upon adult blood pressures of the F1 offspring. These results indicate that some aspects of maternal behavior may change as a function of pup characteristics, and support our hypothesis that the cardiovascular system may be shaped by experiences of early life which are embedded in mother/young behavioral interactions.
Symbolic dynamic filtering of seismic sensors for target detection and classification

Seismic sensors are widely used to monitor human activities, such as pedestrian motion and detection of intruders in a secure region. This paper presents a symbolic dynamics-based method of data-driven pattern classification by extracting the embedded information from noise-contaminated sensor time series. In the proposed method, the wavelet transforms of sensor data are partitioned to construct symbol sequences. Subsequently, the relevant information is extracted via construction of probabilistic finite state automata (PFSA) from symbol sequences. The patterns are derived from individual PFSA and are subsequently classified to make decisions on target classification. The proposed method has been validated on field data from seismic sensors to monitor infiltration of humans, light vehicles, and animals. The results of pattern classification demonstrate low false-alarm/missed-detection rate in target detection and high rate of correct target classification.
Predicting domain-specific outcomes using delay and probability discounting for sexual versus monetary outcomes

Abstract Discounting, the tendency to devalue an outcome as a function of its delay or probability, is emerging as a fundamental process that underlies a broad range of impulsivity-related behaviors. Recent research suggests that people discount the value of sexual outcomes and individual differences in rate of discounting of sexual outcomes may represent an important behavioral process that underlies sexual risk behavior. However, it is not clear that discounting the value of domain-specific sexual outcomes (e.g., sexual activity) is a better predictor of sexual behaviors than is discounting for domain non-specific outcomes (e.g., money). Adult undergraduates (n = 103) completed delay and probability discounting procedures in relation to money and sexual activity and a series of self-report measures concerning sexual and non-sexual outcomes. Results revealed domain-specific relationships such that (1) discounting for sexual and monetary outcomes were significantly correlated; (2) discounting for sexual activity was significantly associated with sexual excitability, but not with non-sexual outcomes; and (3) discounting for money was not related to the sexual outcomes. A consistent gender effect across measures suggests that gender may moderate the relationships between discounting and sexual and non-sexual outcomes. The relevance of these findings for domain-specific discounting is discussed.
Simulation Technologies for Health Sciences Curriculum

In this paper we discuss the main elements of an approach to teach simulation discipline in a small university with an interdisciplinary specialization in pharmaceutics, biology, health sciences, and computer science which are combined into a health sciences curriculum. We analyze existing ways to teach simulation courses and identify the specificity and goals within our approach. We propose the content of a simulation course sequence for the mentioned type of university. It includes three units: general simulation methodology, case studies, and building of real simulation models. The proposed new approach reinforces the problem-solving skills of students and their opportunities to conduct applied research. We implemented the proposed approach in a simulation course sequence and we successfully conducted student research projects.
Milking the Aanderaa argument

In the early 1970’s, by an intricate and involved counting argument, Stal Aanderaa managed to show for the first time that every additional tape adds to the power of a Turing machine that operates in real time (Aanderaa, 1974). This was a full decade after Rabin (1963) had shown that the second tape adds power. With time, especially following the introduction of the information-theoretic approach in (Paul et al., 1981), Aanderaa’s argument has become better understood and even extended to new results. In this paper, we present a clean version of the argument and some new extensions. The following four theorems summarize all the extensions we know about. All of them are lower bounds on the time required for on-line
Practices of Dual Earner Couples Successfully Balancing Work and Family

Researchers have long explored conflict and strain in dual-career couples. Recently, the focus has begun to shift toward documenting the adaptive strategies of dual-earner couples in balancing family and work. The current study investigates workplace practices perceived as supportive in balancing work and family. Respondents were middle-class, dual-earner couples (N=47) who described themselves as successful in balancing family and work. These supportive practices include: flexible work scheduling, non-traditional work hours, professional/job autonomy, working from home, supportive supervisors, supportive colleagues and supervisees, and the ability to set firm boundaries around work. Additionally, many participants describe their efforts to actively secure employment at workplaces that offered family–friendly alternatives, and describe the tradeoffs they are willing to make.
The Effect of Piston Skirt Tooling Marks on Hydrodynamic Lubrication at Small Clearances in Internal Combustion Engines

The effect of piston tooling marks on pressure generation and oil transport at the piston skirt-cylinder bore interface, in internal combustion engines, is investigated using direct numerical simulation. At small clearances (h/Ω 1), the resulting pressure variations are large, and significant small-scale cavitation occurs. Comparison with results obtained using Patir & Cheng's flow factor model highlight differences around the peak pressure and small-scale cavitation regions.
Failure of privalov's theorem on flat C 2−∊ Curves in the Unit Ball of C 2

In this paper we prove an extension of an estimate first proved by Ahern and Bruna of the modulus of absolute continuity holomorphic functions have on real analytic curves in the unit ball to a certain class of smooth curves satisfying a finite type condition. We then show that this yields insights into the sharpness of recent formulations of Privalov's theorem in the unit ball and in particular to the existence of counterexamples on flat C 2−∊ curves.
Intrinsic coordinatability of agent-based systems

Game theory provides a mathematical framework for multiple agent decision making scenarios where the actions of all agents result in consequences for each individual. In scenarios for which it is important for the agents to coordinate to achieve some group-level goal, however, game theory is limited since it does not accommodate a notion of group-level rationality. Conditional game theory is an extension of classical game theory that provides a framework within which to characterize social influence relationships that lead to a social model of the group and, hence, to well-defined notions of both group and individually rational behavior. Building on Shannon information theory, we use the concepts of entropy and mutual information to develop a mathematical concept of the intrinsic ability of the members of an agent-based system to coordinate their behavior.
[Investigation on the risk factors for HIV infection among elderly male clients of the commercial female sex-workers in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, in 2012].

OBJECTIVE: To monitor the current HIV prevalence related risk behaviors and factors for HIV infection among the elderly male clients of the commercial female sex-workers (CFSW)in Guangxi. METHODS: Face to face interview on male clients aged >/=40 years old was carried out in April to July 2012. Information on demography awareness of HIV prevention related risk behaviors history on HIV testing etc. were collected with 3-5 ml full blood collected for testing on HIV. Data was analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software. RESULTS: 4260 clients were surveyed at 14 surveillance sites in which 82.1% had received secondary or lower education 72.0% experienced commercial sex in places with low-class sex trade. HIV awareness rate of clients was 74.2% in which the rate of clients who were HIV positive was 65.8%. Among all the clients 73 were detected as HIV positive with the HIV positive rate as 1.40% . Samples from voluntary counseling and testing sites showed higher risk to HIV infection than from other sources (OR = 23.672 95%CI:4.984-112.434). Samples from middle class population showed lower risk to HIV infection than those at low class (OR = 0.410 95%CI:0.190-0.885). Among those who were syphilis negative (OR = 0.255 95%CI: 0.132-0.491) or hepatitis C virus (HCV)negative (OR = 0.154 95% CI:0.059-0.401) the risk of getting HIV infected seemed to be low. Rate on condom use was low for clients among all of the sex-related behaviors regardless of the marriage status. In those lower-class sex trade places lower rate on the condom use was seen. Rate for previous HIV testing for clients was only 4.6% . Among 41 clients who had received CD4 testing 80.5% of them showed CD4 under 350 cell/microl 61.0% were under 200 cell/microl. CONCLUSION: The HIV positive rate for elderly male clients of the CFSWs was high in Guangxi. Unprotective sexual contact with low class sex workers was the most important risk factor for HIV infection.
Why should biochemistry students be introduced to molecular dynamics simulations—and how can we introduce them?

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations play an increasingly important role in many aspects of biochemical research but are often not part of the biochemistry curricula at the undergraduate level. This article discusses the pedagogical value of exposing students to MD simulations and provides information to help instructors consider what software and hardware resources are necessary to successfully introduce these simulations into their courses. In addition, a brief review of the MD-based activities in this issue and other sources are provided.
A Frequency-Domain Interpretation of Gust Alleviation for an Aeroservoelastic Aircraft

The majority of fixed-wing micro air vehicles with wingspans between 6 inches and 30 inches have significantly more wing flexibility than is common with larger aircraft. Such flexibility is introduced because pilot comments indicate that gust sensitivity is noticeably reduced as stiffness is decreased. This paper investigates the longitudinal gust sensitivity for a representative aircraft across a range of stiffness values. In particular, the flight dynamics are analyzed in the frequency domain to intepret the effects in terms of phugoid and short-period modes. Both modes are uniformly less sensitive to horizontal gusts but their sensitivity is somewhat more complicated when considering vertical gusts. The sensitivity of the phugoid mode decreases as stiffness decreases; however, the sensitivity of the shortperiod mode actually increases as stiffness decreases. The variations in modal damping and mode shapes due to aeroelastic effects are quantified and used to correlate with gust sensitivity. Also, a basic LQR controller is introduced to demonstrate that gust rejection remains feasible in response to both horizontal and vertical disturbances.
Parametric Study of Ethylene Flare Operations Using Numerical Simulation

AbstractIn addition to CO2 and H2O, industrial flares may also release Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), NOx, and CO among others. Since experimental measurements of these emissions are expensive, rigorous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and the accrued correlations are viable tools to understand and analyze factors affecting flare operations. In this paper, parametric studies of air and steam assisted ethylene flares based on CFD modeling were employed to investigate important flare operating parameters such as vent gas velocity, crosswind velocity, stoichiometric air ratio, steam-to-fuel ratio and heat content of the vent gas. The CFD modeling utilized a 50-species reduced mechanism (LU 1.1) based on rigorous combustion chemistry. Validation results of LU 1.1 are also presented. The destruction/removal efficiency and the combustion efficiency (DRE & CE) were computed along with HRVOCs/VOCs/NOx emission rates to quantify the flare performance. Correlations between DRE/CE and major paramet...
Semiclassical Focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation I: Inverse scattering map and its evolution for radiative initial data

odinger Equation (NLS) in the pure radiational case. We present a method of reconstructing the leading order terms of the solitonless initial data and of its evolution for a wide class of the corresponding reflection coefficients.
Effect of dietary protein on in vivo insulin action and liver glycogen repletion

To investigate the influence of dietary manipulation on in vivo glucose metabolism, we pair fed normal rats for 10 days with one of three diets: 1) high protein-low carbohydrate (Hi-PN) (n = 20); 2) intermediate protein (I-PN) (n = 11); and 3) low protein-high carbohydrate (Lo-PN) (n = 18). Fasting glucose, postmeal plasma glucose, and insulin concentrations were as follows: 118 +/- 2 mg/dl, 138 +/- 2 mg/dl, and 4.0 +/- 0.2 ng/ml in Hi-PN; 111 +/- 3 mg/dl, 147 +/- 3 mg/dl, and 5.1 +/- 0.3 ng/ml in I-PN; 102 +/- 2 mg/dl, 162 +/- 2 mg/dl, and 6.0 +/- 0.2 ng/ml in Lo-PN, respectively. Basic hepatic glucose production (HGP) was 6.6 +/- 0.2 in Hi-PN, 6.1 +/- 0.2 in I-PN, and 5.6 +/- 0.1 mg.kg-1.min-1 in Lo-PN. Insulin sensitivity was assessed with the euglycemic clamp using two insulin infusion rates: 2 and 4 mU.kg-1.min-1. The rate of glucose disappearance was 14.8 +/- 0.4 and 25.3 +/- 0.7 in Hi-PN, 15.3 +/- 0.4 and 26.9 +/- 0.5 in I-PN, and 16.1 +/- 0.6 and 31.5 +/- 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1 in Lo-PN, respectively. HGP was suppressed by 86 in the 2- and by 90% in the 4-mU insulin clamp in the Lo-PN, whereas HGP was suppressed by 45 and by 79% in the two steps in the Hi-PN group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Domains off Learning: Interdependent Components of Achievable Learning Outcomes

"Domains of learning" refers to the three separate, yet interdependent components of learning outcomes achievable by human learners. These domains--cognitive, affective, and psychomotor-represent various categories and levels of learning complexity and are commonly referred to as educational taxonomies. The cognitive domain refers to knowledge attainment and mental/intellectual processes. The affective domain characterizes the emotional arena reflected by learners' beliefs, values and interests. The psychomotor domain reflects learning behavior achieved through neuromuscular motor activities. Educators use the domains to assist in determination of learning objectives essential to planning, implementing and evaluating teaching-learning processes and outcomes of human learners across the life span. Actual instances of domain use from programs, interviews and the literature complement the theoretical notions presented in this article.
CMOS Amperometric ADC With High Sensitivity, Dynamic Range and Power Efficiency for Air Quality Monitoring

Airborne pollutants are a leading cause of illness and mortality globally. Electrochemical gas sensors show great promise for personal air quality monitoring to address this worldwide health crisis. However, implementing miniaturized arrays of such sensors demands high performance instrumentation circuits that simultaneously meet challenging power, area, sensitivity, noise and dynamic range goals. This paper presents a new multi-channel CMOS amperometric ADC featuring pixel-level architecture for gas sensor arrays. The circuit combines digital modulation of input currents and an incremental $\Sigma\Delta$ ADC to achieve wide dynamic range and high sensitivity with very high power efficiency and compact size. Fabricated in 0.5 $\mu\text{m}$ CMOS, the circuit was measured to have 164 dB cross-scale dynamic range, 100 fA sensitivity while consuming only 241 $\mu\text{W}$ and 0.157 $\text{mm}^{2}$ active area per channel. Electrochemical experiments with liquid and gas targets demonstrate the circuit’s real-time response to a wide range of analyte concentrations.
Severe ostial saphenous vein graft disease leading to acute coronary syndromes following proximal aorto-saphenous anastomoses with the symmetry bypass connector device: Is it a suture device or a “stent”?

The Symmetry Bypass Connector (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, Minnesota) is a nitinol, star-shaped device that was designed to facilitate placement of sutureless aorto-saphenous anastomoses during off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Although the device is approved for clinical use in Europe and the U.S., its short- and long-term safety and efficacy are not established. We report on 5 of 121 patients undergoing CABG who presented with an acute coronary syndrome two to five months following placement of this device. In each patient, all saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) placed (n = 11) with the device were totally occluded (n = 6) or compromised by ostial stenoses (n = 5). Treatment consisted of repeat CABG in one patient and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in four patients with cutting balloon atherotomy and stenting. Following PCI, two of four patients presented again within two months with near-occlusive ostial restenosis in all stents placed. Intracoronary ultrasound showed severe neointimal hyperplasia, but only at the proximal interface of the device and stent. One patient was treated with brachytherapy in two SVGs but had a recurrence four months later and was treated with drug-eluting stents in both restenotic segments. Recalcitrant neointimal hyperplasia is postulated to be involved in the pathogenesis of anastomotic device stenosis, possibly similar to in-stent restenosis. Prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to assess the clinical safety and efficacy of this device. Pending such studies, consideration should be given in limiting its use to cases of unacceptably high risk of stroke during aortic cross-clamping. Dual antiplatelet agents, evaluation for ischemia, and close follow-up are warranted in patients that have already received the device.
Educational program for medical residents in cancer pain management.

198Background: Studies have shown significant deficits in the knowledge of physicians in Cancer Pain Management (CPM). We implemented an educational program on CPM for medical residents with pre and post-testing to assess baseline knowledge and the improvement after education. Methods: The content of the lecture was derived from the Cancer Pain Education Resource (CAPER). It included assessment, non-pharmacological interventions, equi-analgesic conversions , titration, side effects, withdrawal, dependence and addiction. An online questionnaire was created to assess the baseline knowledge and the residents accessed it using their mobile phones. After the lecture the same was used to assess the improvement in knowledge. 22 residents from Newark Beth Israel Internal Medicine Residency Program participated in the lecture and the pre/post-tests. After the lecture, they were given a pocket card with opioid equi-analgesic dosing calculations.Two months later, the same questionnaire was used to assess the retaine...
History of Ardalānids (1590-1810) by Sharaf al-Dīn bin Shams al-Dīn

This article is a critical translation of the “History of the Ardalānids.” In doing so, it hopes to make available to a wider academic audience this invaluable source on the study of Iranian Kurdistan during the early modern period. While a number of important texts pertaining to the Kurds during this era, most notably the writings of the Ottoman traveler Evliya Chalabi, focus primarily on Ottoman Kurdistan, this piece in contrast puts Iranian Kurdistan in general and the Ardalān dynasty in particular at the center of its historical narrative. Thus it will be of interest not only to scholars of Kurdish history but also to those seeking more generally to research life on the frontiers of empires. Keywords : Ẕayl; Ardalān; Kurdistan; Iran. ABSTRACT IN KURMANJI Diroka Erdelaniyan (1590-1810) Ev gotar wergereke rexneyi ya “Diroka Erdelaniyan” e. Bi ve yeke, merema xebate ew e ku ve cavkaniya pir biqimet a li ser Kurdistana Irane ya di serdema pes-modern de ji bo cemawere akademik berdest bike. Hejmareke metnen giring li ser Kurden we serdeme, bi taybeti nivisinen Evliya Celebi ye seyyahe osmani, zedetir bere xwe didine Kurdistana di bin hukme Osmaniyan de. Le bele, di navenda ve xebate de, bi gisti Kurdistana Irane u bi taybeti ji xanedana Erdelaniyan heye. Wisa ji ew de ne tene ji bo lekoleren diroka kurdi belku ji bo ewen ku dixwazin bi rengeki berfirehtir derheq jiyana li ser tixuben imperetoriyan lekolinan bikin ji de balkes be. ABSTRACT IN SORANI Mejuy Erdellan (1590-1810) Em wutare wergerraneki rexneyi “Mejuy Erdellan”e, bew mebestey em sercawe giringe le ser Kurdistani Eran le seretakani serdemi nwe bixate berdest cemaweri ekademi. Jimareyek sercawey giring le ser kurdekan lew serdeme da hen, diyartirinyan nusinekani geridey ‘Usmani Ewliya Celebiye, ke zortir serincyan le ser ‘Kurdistani ‘Usmani buwe. Em berheme be pecewanewe Kurdistani Eran be gisti, we emareti Erdelan be taybeti dexate senteri xwendinewekewe. Boye nek tenya bo twejerani biwari mejuy kurdi, belku bo ewaney le ser jiyan le sinure impiratoriyekan twejinewe deken, cegay serinc debet.
Interstitial Brachytherapy for Liver Tumors: Practical Issues

Interstitial brachytherapy, or brachyablation, is a minimally invasive treatment option for primary and metastatic lesions involving the liver. While this practice originated in the US, it is currently practiced only in a few centers worldwide. However, there is growing interest due to technological advances in treatment planning and image-guidance. In this chapter, we will review the historical and technical basis of interstitial brachytherapy for liver lesions and appropriate patient selection. We then provide guidance on the technical aspects of treatment planning, needle placement, quality assurance, and radiation dose delivery. Finally, we will review potential advantages and disadvantages of this technique over other liver-directed therapies.
Long-Term Memory of Unattended Information

Long-term storage of attended and unattended material was investigated. College students performed mental arithmetic problems as a primary task. The difficulty of the primary task (easy, medium, and hard) was varied to control the degree of attention available for secondary words that were visually presented during the mental calculations. Interference, intention, and introspection criteria of attended-unattended processing were examined. Two operational definitions of the intention criterion were employed here because earlier results concerning this criterion were difficult to interpret. Following a retention interval of 5 minutes, participants were given a surprise recognition test on the secondary words. All three criteria indicated that the secondary words were attended to when students performed the easy priniary task and were unattended when they performed the medium and hard primary tasks. Attended words were recognized markedly better than unattended words. Even so, unattended words were recognized slightly better than would be expected by chance. The present research extends previous reports of unattended memory in showing the effect occurs for verbal as well as pictorial stimuli and in providing unambiguous evidence concerning the intention criterion.
Novel Therapies for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Acute decompensated heart failure is a large public health problem that incurs a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Although therapies designed to reduce congestion and/or improve cardiac index help to relieve symptoms in the short term, long-term efficacy of these agents has not been clearly demonstrated. In this paper, we will review new pharmacological agents and therapeutic strategies that show promise in the management of this high-risk, large population of patients.
Reconciling Curvature and Importance Sampling Based Procedures for Summarizing Case Influence in Bayesian Models

ABSTRACTMethods for summarizing case influence in Bayesian models take essentially two forms: (1) use common divergence measures for calculating distances between the full-data posterior and the case-deleted posterior, and (2) measure the impact of infinitesimal perturbations to the likelihood to study local case influence. Methods based on approach (1) lead naturally to considering the behavior of case-deletion importance sampling weights (the weights used to approximate samples from the case-deleted posterior using samples from the full posterior). Methods based on approach (2) lead naturally to considering the local curvature of the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the full posterior from a geometrically perturbed quasi-posterior. By examining the connections between the two approaches, we establish a rationale for employing low-dimensional summaries of case influence obtained entirely via the variance–covariance matrix of the log importance sampling weights. We illustrate the use of the proposed diagnos...
Facile Synthesis of 3-Amido-Dienynes via a Tandem α-Propargylation-Isomerization of Chiral Allenamides and their Applications in Diels-Alder Cycloadditions.

A series of interesting 3-amido-dienynes was synthesized via tandem α-propargylation–isomerization of chiral allenamides with moderate E/Z ratio. Reactivities of E and Z isomers were examined.
Contractualism, Person-Affecting Wrongness and the Non-identity Problem

A number of theorists have argued that Scanlon's contractualist theory both "gets around" and "solves" the non-identity problem. They argue that it gets around the problem because hypothetical deliberation on general moral principles excludes the considerations that lead to the problem. They argue that it solves the problem because violating a contractualist moral principle in one's treatment of another wrongs that particular other, grounding a person-affecting moral claim. In this paper, I agree with the first claim but note that all it shows is that the act is impersonally wrong. I then dispute the second claim. On Scanlon's contractualist view, one wrongs a particular other if one treats the other in a way that is unjustifiable to that other on reasons she could not reasonably reject. We should think of person-affecting wronging in terms of the reasons had by the actual agent and the actual person affected by the agent's action. In non-identity cases, interpersonal justifiability is therefore shaped both by the reason to reject the treatment provided by the bad suffered and the reason to affirm the treatment provided by the goods had as a result of existing. I argue it would be reasonable for the actual person to find the treatment justifiable, and so I conclude that Scanlon's contractualist metaethics does not provide a narrow person-affecting solution to the non-identity problem on its own terms. I conclude that the two claims represent a tension within Scanlon's contractualist theory itself.
What effect does inequality have on residents’ sense of safety? Exploring the mediating processes of social capital and civic engagement

A sense of safety and security is of the utmost importance for most residents because it contributes to personal and collective well-being. However, that sense of safety may rest upon community str...
A scoping review of deictic gesture use in toddlers with or at-risk for autism spectrum disorder:

Background and aimsYoung children use deictic gestures, such as pointing, to indicate referents in their immediate environment. Early deictic gesture use is important in facilitating the developmen...
Building energy performance analysis of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) façade systems

Abstract Majority of building energy consumption is used to heat and cool enclosed spaces. An innovative ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) facade system could potentially reduce this energy consumption by utilizing UHP-FRC's high structural strength and ductility hence more space for insulation. The energy performance assessment of innovative facade systems such as UHP-FRC panels could be misleading if the effect of building types and climate contexts on building energy consumption is not considered. Moreover, thermal bridging and hygrothermal analyses of UHP-FRC panels are needed to investigate the heat and moisture transfer within the panels in details. The objective of this paper is to investigate the combined effect of different building types and climate conditions on these panels’ energy performance and analyze the heat and moisture behavior within the panels in a detailed assembly scale. Numerical heat and moisture transfer simulations were conducted to evaluate the amount of risk of thermal bridging and risk of mold growth within innovative UHP-FRC facade systems. A probabilistic simulation-based building energy performance analysis was conducted to investigate the combined effect of different building types and climate conditions on the energy performance of UHP-FRC panel systems. The analysis was conducted for fourteen U.S. Department of Energy prototype buildings in fifteen climate zones (210 scenarios). The results of thermal bridging analysis showed that the UHP-FRC panel assembly provides unique thermal properties with higher thermal resistance compared with the conventional panel assembly. The UHP-FRC panel assembly minimizes the thermal bridging by eliminating the structural rebars. However, the energy savings of using UHP-FRC panels depend on the building type and climate condition. On average, energy savings are higher in colder climates (e.g., Fairbanks) than those in temperate climates (e.g., San Francisco). Also, buildings dominated by internal loads seem to benefit the least from UHP-FRC. The hygrothermal analysis also showed that the UHP-FRC panel assembly's performance is superior than the conventional panel in terms of moisture transfer and the risk of mold growth.
Trauma, Shame, and Group Psychotherapy: A Self Psychology Perspective

This paper attempts to define trauma from a self psychology/intersubjective perspective and explores shame as a basic aspect of trauma. Self psychologically oriented group therapy is examined as an effective treatment modality for dealing with issues of shame as well as the after effects of trauma.
The Position of Factor Analysis in Psychological Research

The student of psychology lives today in that exciting phase of the sociobiological sciences wherein genuine quantitative laws have at last begun to emerge. The prequantitative phase of shrewd literary observation and of penetrating clinical intuition, gave us some useful theories; but the age of quantitative experiment places psychology with the more mature sciences. It promises deeper understanding and the practical effectiveness of precise models and equations.
The Curious Case of the Novel 2-D Gel Artifact

The rDNA locus in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of approximately 200 tandem copies of a 9.08 kb repeating unit located on the right arm of chromosome XII (reviewed in Warner, 1989). Within each repeat is a 5S rRNA gene and the 18S, 5.8S and 26S rRNA genes transcribed as a 35S RNA precursor (Figure 1). The 5S gene is transcribed by RNA polymerase III and the 35S RNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase I. The orientation of the repeats on the chromosome results in PolIII moving toward the telomere and PolI moving toward the centromere.
Abstract 3475: Novel correlation-based network analysis of breast tumor metabolism identifies the glycerol channel protein Aquaporin-7 as a regulator of breast cancer metastasis

The complex yet interrelated connections between cancer metabolism, gene expression, and oncogenic driver genes have the potential to identify novel biomarkers and drug targets with prognostic and therapeutic value. Using GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)-MS platforms, we quantified and compared the levels of 374 metabolites in breast tumor tissue from normal tissue and transgenic mouse breast cancer models overexpressing a panel of oncogenes (PyMT, PyMT-DB, Wnt1, Neu, and C3-TAg). Comparison of the metabolite profiles from the tumors identified oncogene-induced metabolic reprogramming of the tumor tissues. To develop a higher order understanding of the driver genes and metabolites in breast cancer, we next developed a discovery-based correlation network analysis that captured interactions between both metabolite and gene expression data. This analysis uniquely identified a metabolic network of metabolites and genes with prognostic value in breast cancer patients, identifying 35 metabolite and 33 gene hubs that are likely integral to breast tumor metabolism. Further MALDI-MS based imaging revealed heterogeneous distribution of hub metabolites between stromal and epithelial tissue in breast tumors from transgenic mouse models, as well as heterogeneity within the tumor epithelium, suggesting complex metabolic landscape even within the tumor epithelium. We initially focused on the gene hub aquaporin-7 (Aqp7), a water and glycerol channel protein, as a novel regulator of breast cancer. AQP7 deficiency in animal models is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy, increased glycerol and triglyceride accumulation, insulin resistance, and obesity. We discovered that AQP7 is a prognostic marker of overall survival and metastasis in breast cancer patients. Aqp7 is expressed in the epithelium and adipocytes in normal and tumor breast tissue. Reduced Aqp7 expression in mouse breast cancer cells decreased both proliferation and lung metastatic burden. These data suggest AQP7 promotes invasive phenotypes of breast cancer progression. Using an unbiased, discovery-based approach, this study shed light on important players in breast cancer metabolism from a new perspective that complements current guided network analyses. Citation Format: Chen Dai, Jennifer Arceo, James Arnold, Junmin Wu, Norman J. Dovichi, Arun Sreekumar, Jun Li, Laurie E. Littlepage. Novel correlation-based network analysis of breast tumor metabolism identifies the glycerol channel protein Aquaporin-7 as a regulator of breast cancer metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3475.
Direct diabatization based on nonadiabatic couplings: the N/D method.

Diabatization converts adiabatic electronic states to diabatic states, which can be fit with smooth functions, thereby decreasing the computational time for simulations. Here we present a new diabatization scheme based on components of the nonadiabatic couplings and the adiabatic energy gradients. The nonadiabatic couplings are multi-dimensional vectors that are singular along conical intersection seams, and this makes them essentially impossible to fit; furthermore they have unphysical aspects due to the assumptions of the generalized Born–Oppenheimer scheme, and therefore they are not usually used in diabatization schemes. However, we show here that the nonadiabatic couplings can provide a route to obtaining diabatic states by using the sign change of the energy gradient differences of adiabatic states on paths through conical intersections or locally avoided crossings. We present examples applying the method successfully to several test systems. We compare the method to other diabatization methods previously developed in our group.
College Students’ Perceptions of Gender-Inclusive Language Use Predict Attitudes Toward Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Individuals:

Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals face negative consequences linked to prejudice, including homelessness and violence. One medium that perpetuates prejudice toward TGNC indivi...
Adult Status of Children with Contrasting Early Life Experiences

A growth-promoting environment may be the result of planned and carefully contrived conditions. Caldwell and Richmond (1964) , for example, describe the implementation of a specific conceptual model based on theoretical assumptions and a maximum of available research evidence; Gewirtz (1968) and others also have approached the issue of optimal environment from that direction. Obtaining a good environment for the young child in this manner is highly probable and economic providing the variables that underlie such a milieu are well defined, the optimal position on each and their interrelationships are known and are amenable to construction in a given society at a given time. Russian claims and actions notwithstanding (see Chauncey, 1969 ), many have asserted and some still would argue that such conditions do not yet obtain. In the circumstances the most likely route is variability and experimentation, which, given our very reasonable caution in regard to contrived social environments, will tend to exploit existing social situations that offer some (or most) of the milieu conditions known from research and/or clinical experience as exerting positive influence on the child. Skeels' work, a classic example of utilization of a naturally positive situation, is all the more instructive for having a serendipitous quality to it. While Skeels (in the 1930s) was surprised that placement in an institution with adult retardates should have promoted growth of children aged six months to four years, we ought not be if we compare the qualities of his program 182with Caldwell's (1967b) "characteristics of growth-fostering environments." Nor did Skeels remain puzzled after he examined what the institution for retardates offered the young children he placed there—despite its label and despite his obvious and understandable reluctance to make use of this facility.
Depressive symptoms, frailty, and mortality among dialysis patients.

Introduction Frailty and depression are highly prevalent in the dialysis population, but the association between them, the risk factors for their development, and their independent associations with mortality have not been studied. Methods We examined 771 patients enrolled in the ACTIVE/ADIPOSE prevalent dialysis cohort study. Fried's frailty phenotype and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression score were used to determine frailty and presence of depressive symptoms, respectively. We assessed the baseline association between frailty and depressive symptoms, whether one entity is a risk factor for development of the other, and associations between frailty and depressive symptoms with mortality. Findings At baseline, 13.1% of our population screened positive for depressive symptoms, 21.8% met criteria for frailty, and 10.0% met criteria for both. During follow-up, 26.6% of our population developed frailty and 12.7% developed depressive symptoms. Using multivariable logistic regression, baseline depressive symptoms were associated with 2.14-fold higher odds of being frail at baseline (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-3.17) and with a 2.16-fold higher odds of incident frailty during follow-up (95% CI 1.22-3.82). However, baseline frailty was not associated with incident depressive symptoms. Frailty and depressive symptoms were independent predictors of mortality in time-varying survival analysis (meeting frailty criteria: hazard ratio [HR] 1.53, 95% CI 1.05-2.23; depressive symptoms: HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.50-3.25). Discussion Frailty and depressive symptoms remained highly prevalent over time and were strongly associated with one another and independently associated with mortality among dialysis patients. Future studies should investigate whether interventions for depression could potentially mitigate the appearance of frailty and its associated poor outcomes.
The Case of Katherine Moss: Caring for Oneself to Care for Others

Anxiety disorders are relatively common in the general population. In physicians, an increased level of anxiety can be an adaptive, contributing to the level of academic achievement that is demanded of them. However, when present in excess, it can manifest as generalized anxiety disorder or the related anxiety disorders, and these disorders can significantly negatively impact multiple spheres of life. To complicate matters, physicians have been found to seek help less frequently and later in the course of the disease than other groups because of the prevailing stigma among doctors around mental healthcare. A clinician working with this population should be sensitive to the stigma and reluctance around seeking care and accepting a psychiatric diagnosis.
Collaborative user responses in multiparty interaction with a couples counselor robot

Intimate relationships are integral parts of human societies, yet many relationships are in distress. Couples counseling has been shown to be effective in preventing and alleviating relationship distress, yet many couples do not seek professional help, due to cost, logistic, and discomfort in disclosing private problems. In this paper, we describe our efforts towards the development a fully automated couples counselor robot, and focus specifically on the problem of identifying and processing "collaborative responses", in which a human couple co-construct a response to a query from the robot. We present an analysis of collaborative responses obtained from a pilot study, then develop a data-driven model to detect end of collaborative responses for regulating turn taking during a counseling session. Our model uses a combination of multimodal features, and achieves an offline weighted F-score of 0.81. Finally, we present findings from a quasi-experimental study with a robot facilitating a counseling session to promote intimacy with romantic couples. Our findings suggest that the session improves couples intimacy and positive affect. An online evaluation of the end-of-collaborative-response model demonstrates an F-score of 0.72.
The Shifting Sands of Cortical Divisions.

In this issue of Neuron, a new study by Minderer et al. (2019) examines the activity of thousands of cortical neurons during a navigation task and reveals that features of the task encoded by neurons vary smoothly across cortex rather than falling into functionally discrete cortical regions.
Targeting α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: Progress Towards the Development of Disease-Modifying Therapeutics

Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, is characterized by progressive motor and non-motor symptoms [1]. Despite treatment with pharmacologic and surgical therapies, the disease will continue to relentlessly advance. Hence, there is a great deal of interest in potential disease-modifying therapies with the hope that the neurodegenerative process can be slowed or halted. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role toxic α-synuclein (α-syn) plays in PD pathogenesis and critically review the relevant literature about therapeutic modalities targeting α-syn. Toxic α-syn plays a key role in PD pathogenesis, disrupting important cellular functions, and, thus, targeting α-syn is a reasonable disease-modifying strategy. Current approaches under investigation include decreasing α-syn production with RNA interference (RNAi), inhibiting α-syn aggregation, promoting intracellular degradation of α-syn aggregates (via enhancing autophagy and enhancing lysosomal degradation), and promoting extracellular degradation of α-syn via active and passive immunization.
Unexpected features of GC-AG introns in long non-coding and protein-coding genes suggest a new role as regulatory elements

Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are today recognized as a new class of regulatory molecules despite very little is known about their functions in the cell. Due to their overall low level of expression and tissue-specificity, their identification and annotation in many genomes remains challenging. In this study, we exploited recent annotations provided by the GENCODE project to characterize the genomic and splicing features of lnc-genes in comparison to protein-coding (pc) ones, both in human and mouse. Our analysis highlighted slight differences between the two classes of genes in terms of genome organization and gene architecture. Significant differences in the splice sites usage were observed between lnc- and pc-genes. While the frequency of non-canonical GC-AG splice junctions represents about 0.8% of total splice sites in pc-genes, we identified a remarkable enrichment of the GC-AG splice sites in lnc-genes, both in human (3.0%) and mouse (1.9%). In addition, we found a positional bias of GC-AG splice sites being enriched in the first intron in both classes of genes. Moreover, a significant shorter length and weaker splice sites were found comparing GC-AG introns with the canonical GT-AG introns. The computational analysis of GC-AG splice sites strength revealed a strong reduction in both the donor and the acceptor splice sites scores especially in lnc first intron in both species. Genes containing at least one GC-AG intron were found conserved in many species and a functional enrichment analysis pointed toward their enrichment in specific biological processes. Furthermore, as previously suggested, GC-AG-containing genes were shown to be more prone to alternative splicing. Taken together, our study suggested that GC-AG introns could represent new regulatory elements mainly associated with lnc-genes.