cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
100-Gb/s NRZ optical transceiver analog front-end in 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS

We present the design and characterization of an analog front-end for non-return-to-zero (NRZ) 100-Gb/s optical transceivers, showing that ultra-high data rate is achievable in silicon-based technology through careful design and integration of photonics with electronics.
Storage Changes of Fresh and Pasteurized Blue Crab Meat in Different Types of Packaging

We investigated pasteurization and storage of blue crabmeat in steel cans, aluminum cans, plastic cans, nonbarrier pouches, and barrier pouches. Fresh meat was packed in copolymer polyethylene/polypro-pylene cups, Saran® over-wrapped or vacuum skin packaged polystyrene trays, and nonbarrier pouches. Meat pasteurized in plastic and aluminum cans had better sensory and microbiological quality and longer shelf life than meat packed in steel cans. Oxygen-barrier pouches had the lowest quality and shortest shelf life. Nonbarrier pouches had product with quality similar to meat in steel cans, but with an extended shelf life. No packaging materials improved the microbiological shelf life of freshly cooked meat. Vacuum skin packaging resulted in improved sensory qualities of freshly cooked and picked meat.
Effect of extrinsic neuronal connections on development of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activity in the ventral half of the chick spinal cord.

Abstract Microsurgical operations were performed on the neural tube of chick embryos of 50–53 hr incubation. The ventral half of the brachial spinal cord subsequently developed in the absence of extrinsic fiber connections. The levels of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activity were measured in the ventral half of the brachial enlargement in both experimental and control embryos from 11–21 days of development. Acetylcholinesterase activity was identical in both experimental and control embryos. The expeirmental values for choline acetyltransferase were less than those of the control: This difference was maximal at 19 days and statistically significant from 15 through 19 days of development. The ontogenetic pattern for each enzyme was similar to that observed for the entire brachial spinal cord. The data suggest that the reduced level of choline acetyltransferase activity in the experimental embryos is a direct result of the operative deficit, i.e., a reduction in the number of cholinergic boutons terminaux in the ventral spinal cord, although possible trophic effects on the motor neuroblast per se cannot be ruled out.
An explicit description of the fundamental unitary for SU(2) q

We give a concrete description of an isometryv from l2(ℕ×ℤ×ℤ×ℤ) to l2(ℕ×ℤ×ℕ×ℤ) whose existence has recently been discovered by Woronowicz [11]. The isometryv gives the comultiplication δ on the C*-algebraA of the quantum group SU(2) q through the formula δ(x)=v(x⊗1)v*(x∈A), where 1 is the identity operator on l2(ℤ×ℤ). The matrix entries ofv are described in terms of littleq-Jacobi polynomials. Usingv, we give a concrete description of a unitary operatorV onH η ⊗H η such that (πη⊗πη)δ(x)=V(πη(x⊗1)V*, whereHη=l2(ℕ×ℤ×ℕ) and πη:A→L(Hη) is the GNS representation associated with the Haar state η onA. The operatorV satisfies the pentagonal identity of Baaj and Skandalis [1].
Culture, Essentialism, Immigration and Representations of Gender

Our paper explores whether a combination of intersectionality and hybridity perspectives will be sufficient to develop a feminist gender psychology of immigrant women that escapes the pitfalls of gender essentialism. Analyses of interviews with Indian immigrant women and self-descriptions of Filipina mail-order brides (MOBs) suggest that intersections of identity can ironically contribute to the essentialization of ‘self’ as well the ‘other’. We argue that essentialist representations among these women mask the role of power between various social intersections of gender. The various modes and contingencies of essentialist idealized representations may be interpreted as psychological strategies employed by Asian immigrant women to locate displaced identity within a transnational and postcolonical history. Further, we argue that the cultural psychological study of gender should examine the costs and benefits of such idealized representations.
Vaccination as a prevention strategy for human papillomavirus-related diseases

Childhood vaccines have had an enormously beneficial impact on human health. Large-scale vaccination programs have controlled diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality such as poliomyelitis, smallpox, diphtheria, tetanus, yellow fever, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, measles, mumps, and rubella. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. In the United States, HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI), and sexually active adolescents are at particularly high risk for HPV acquisition. Genetic and epidemiologic studies have clearly demonstrated that HPV infection is a necessary cause of both cervical cancer and genital warts. More than 99% of cervical cancers contain at least one high-risk HPV type, and approximately 70% contain HPV types 16 or 18. Moreover, low-risk HPV types 6 or 11 are responsible for approximately 90% of genital warts and almost all cases of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Thus, a vaccine that could prevent HPV acquisition would have the potential to significantly reduce the incidence of both childhood and adult diseases.
20 W linear, high efficiency internally matched HBT at 7.5 GHz

An internally matched HBT has been developed for use in communications systems. An output power of 20 W with 6.5 dB gain and 40% PAE at 7.5 GHz was achieved. Over the 7.25 to 7.75 GHz band minimum output power was 16.5 W with minimum 38% PAE. Two tone testing showed good linearity. >
Teaching Business Strategy and Policy Using a Multiple-Role-Play Technique

This article presents a multiple-role-play technique used in teaching business policy and strategy. Students are immersed in the role play for 8 weeks and must alternate among four different roles. This methodology captures the benefits of in-depth analysis of a single case and variety obtained through the use of several cases. The methodology affords ample time for lecture and discussion of strategy and policy concepts, provides for integration of previously learned material, and affords students an opportunity to witness strategy and policy "in the making" from three different viewpoints: those of executive, consultant, and employee.
Minilaparoscopic transgastric cystgastrostomy.

Abstract Background A technique combining upper endoscopy with percutaneous transgastric minilaparoscopic instrumentation for the formation of pancreatic cystgastrostomy is safe and effective for the internal drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts. Methods At a tertiary-care academic medical center, 6 patients with pancreatic pseudocysts with a mean size of 19 cm (range, 16–23 cm) were selected for combined endoscopic and percutaneous transgastric minilaparoscopic (1.7–2 mm) pancreatic cystgastrostomy. All pseudocysts had been followed-up for a minimum of 5 weeks (range, 5–22 wk) and were noted to significantly displace the stomach anteriorly. Results The mean surgical time was 98 minutes (range, 45–150 min). The mean amount of fluid removed from the pseudocysts was 2167 mL (range, 1600–2600 mL). All ports were removed from the stomach without the need to suture the gastric wall or skin except for 2 gastric serosal sites that were closed with a single intracorporeal stitch. The length of hospital stay averaged 2.2 days (range, 0–6 d). All patients were discharged in good condition, tolerating a regular diet. With a mean follow-up period of 13.4 months (range, 1–30 mo), all patients remain asymptomatic from their pancreatic pseudocysts. Conclusions The technique of combining upper endoscopy with percutaneous transgastric minilaparoscopic instruments to create a pancreatic cystgastrostomy can be used to apply well-established surgical principals for internal drainage and has the potential to be used for the management of other gastric pathology.
Integrating Black Consciousness and Critical Race Feminism Into Family Studies Research

The author examines the advantages and challenges of using Black feminist theory and critical race feminist theory to study the lives of Black women and families in family studies. The author addresses the ways in which these per spectives, both of which are intentional in their analyses of intersectionality and the politics of location, are also distinct. She provides empirical examples from how family researchers have used Black feminist theory or a critical race fem inist lens to examine the lives of Black women and families, and suggests ways for colleagues to embrace an explicit integration of Black consciousness and critical race feminist perspectives in family studies.
Differential Sensing of Substrate Noise in Mixed-Signal 0.18- $\mu\hbox{m}$ BiCMOS Technology

This paper presents an experimental study of substrate noise isolation in BF-Moat and P+/DT/n-well/DT/P+ guard-ring-defined regions on a lightly doped substrate in the IBM 0.18-mum 7WL bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS) technology. Measurements of substrate noise voltage intentionally generated by an RF power amplifier and 64 digital pad drivers placed on the chip were taken at ten locations throughout the chip, using a capacitively coupled BiCMOS differential sensor circuit. The data show that both isolation structures exhibit effective ability to block out substrate noise for frequencies up to 2-3 GHz. Peak induced substrate noise voltage within the ldquoquiet regionsrdquo was lower by 12-15 dB from that outside the quiet areas.
Ethical dilemmas in marketing: A rationale

Because of their visibility, marketers are often perceived by society as engaging in unethical or questionable behaviors. The marketing literature does not specifically provide an explanation for this dilemma. This paper suggests that there are three major reasons for this problem: fluctuating limits of consensus, ethnocentrism, and utilitarian economic analyses.
Materials, environment, motion, and electrical contact failure mechanisms

Surface films produced by natural aging mechanisms are primarily responsible for the failure of electrical contacts in the field. Some of the mechanisms of organic and inorganic film formation are reviewed. It is demonstrated that the sudden failure mode is entirely consistent with contemporary theories of film effects and asperity models of the contact interface. Reliability of the electrical contact is shown to be a function of materials, the operating environment, and interface motion. On the basis of the present understanding of film formation kinetics and typical asperity sizes, it is concluded that interfaces do not degrade by a simple asperity erosion process. However, film formation occurs in areas surrounding asperity peaks due to environmental ingress. It is proposed that this source of film, together with microscopic movement of the interface, can account for a major portion of the intermittent and hard contact failures related to surface films. These results strongly indicate that the disturbance/motion effects must be incorporated into laboratory qualification procedures. If they are not, typical results may grossly underestimate probable contact performance. >
Homogeneous polymer–zeolite nanocomposite membranes by incorporating dispersible template-removed zeolite nanocrystals

Homogeneous polymer–zeolite membranes were fabricated by incorporation of dispersible template-removed zeolite A nanocrystals into polysulfone. SEM, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements were used to characterize the zeolite A nanocrystals. The uniformity of the polysulfone–zeolite A nanocomposite membranes was examined by SEM. Air separation measurements of the nanocomposite membranes showed enhanced performance in O2/N2 selectivity and O2 permeability. The polysulfone–zeolite nanocomposite membrane with 25 wt% zeolite A loading exhibited an O2/N2 selectivity of 7.7 and O2 permeability of 1.8 Barrers whereas the pure polysulfone membrane had an O2/N2 selectivity of 5.9 and O2 permeability of 1.3 Barrers.
Mind your manners: socially appropriate wireless key establishment for groups

Group communication is inherently a social activity. However, existing protocols for group key establishment often fail to consider important social dynamics. This paper examines the human requirements for wireless group key establishment. We identify seven social and situational factors which impact group formation. Using these factors, we examine the requirements of four common classes of group communications. Each scenario imposes a unique set of requirements on wireless group key establishment.
Ectrodactyly, retrognathism, abnormal ears, highly arched palate, spina bifida, congenital heart defect, single umbilical artery

We report a possible new syndrome in a female abortus with the following abnormalities: ectrodactyly limited to the feet, a “simplified” ear pattern, mild retrognathism, highly arched palate, spina bifida of open myelomeningocele type, membranous type ventricular septal defect, and single umbilical artery.
Diversification at the narrow sea-land interface in the Caribbean: phylogeography of endemic supralittoral Ligia isopods

Phylogeographic studies have provided valuable insights into the evolutionary histories and biodiversity of different groups in the Caribbean, a region that harbors exceptional terrestrial and marine biodiversity. Herein, we examined phylogeographic patterns of the poorly dispersing supralittoral isopod Ligia sampled from 35 localities in the Caribbean Sea and adjacent areas, as well as from Veracruz (Gulf of Mexico), the type locality of L. baudiniana (the only currently recognized native Ligia species in the Caribbean). We conducted Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of four mitochondrial genes (Cytb, 16S rDNA, 12S rDNA and COI) and Parsimony analyses of one nuclear gene (NaK). We found a well-supported and highly divergent clade of Ligia that is distributed in the Caribbean Sea, Bahamas, southern Florida, Bermuda, and the Pacific coast of Central America and Colombia, but not in the Gulf of Mexico. A characteristic appendix masculina distinguishes this clade from other lineages of Ligia. Large divergences within this clade suggest that it constitutes a cryptic species complex. Genetically and morphologically, the specimens from the type locality of L. baudiniana were indistinguishable from the non-native species L. exotica. Some phylogeographic patterns of Ligia in the study area may be consistent with the proto-Antillean or GAARlandia vicariant hypotheses, but uncertainty concerning divergence times and aspects of the geological history precludes stronger biogeographical inferences. Passive overwater dispersal appears to have played an important role in shaping phylogeographic patterns of Ligia in the Caribbean Sea. These patterns, however, do not correspond with predicted biogeographic patterns based on population connectivity of marine organisms with larval dispersal, and do not reflect the southeast to northwest colonization pattern that has been proposed for the colonization of the Caribbean from South America by some terrestrial animals.
Design and Results of a YBCO Magnet for a 95 GHz Gyrotron Application

The use of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) for cryogen-free gyrotron magnets will greatly reduce the power requirement and overall physical size of the system. Because some gyrotron systems are mounted on a vehicle and need to be mobile, the refrigeration system must be as lightweight and compact as possible. Cryomagnetics previously built a BSCCO magnet based on the design of a NbTi magnet. The limiting factors with this magnet were the cost of the BSCCO material and the excessive weight due to the necessity of field-shaping iron. Since it is projected that the cost of 2G YBCO tape will become significantly lower than BSCCO, and the critical current will also increase, the next generation of these magnets will mitigate those problems. The first objective was to study quench behavior in HTS coils. Cryomagnetics has also designed, built and successfully tested a 3.57 T magnet wound with 2G YBCO tape. This is the first full-scale magnet of its kind built using 2G YBCO tape. It consists of 10 double-pancakes operating at 140 A and 20 K. A single-stage cryocooler is used to cool the magnet. Because the performance of YBCO material is improving quickly, future magnets will be able to operate at lower current, higher temperature and will be lighter weight.
REPRESENTATION IN THE U.S. ARMED FORCES

On November 8, 1978 several years of activity in the Congress and concern by the Department of Defense culminated in Public Law 95–610 when President Carter signed bill S.274. This law prohibits union organizations of the armed forces, membership in military labor organizations by members of the armed forces, and recognition of military labor organizations by the Government. Severe sanctions can be imposed for violations. Since representation is a broader concept than collective bargaining, P.L. 95–610, even should it survive possible court challenges to its constitutionality, does not settle the basic issues. These issues focus on (1) the changing demography and enlistment rules for the armed forces; (2) the response of the Department of Defense to these changes; and (3) the evolution of the various organizations of present and former military personnel into more union-like activities. This paper addresses the policy implications of the foregoing three factors and suggests approaches compatible with both our military needs and our civilian traditions.
Use of Trichoderma fungi in spray solutions to reduce Moniliophthora roreri infection of Theobroma cacao fruits in Northeastern Costa Rica.

Cacao (Theobroma cacao) is an important cash crop in tropical climates such as that of Latin America. Over the past several decades, the infection of cultiva...
Attributes And Consequences Of Customer Satisfaction In Tourism Industry: The Case Of Polish Travel Agencies

The term customer satisfaction still has an abstract meaning for managers in developing countries. This study focuses on travel agencies in Poland, to improve managers awareness of how customer satisfaction can directly improve business performance. Authors investigated nine attributes of the travel agency service, and identified four of them that have significant effect on overall customer satisfaction (quality of the offer, safety, convenience and comparison of the delivered service with the advertising message). Furthermore, this paper demonstrates that a high level of customer satisfaction in travel agencies creates certain effects like positive word-of-mouth and customer loyalty, which impacts long-term business performance.
Longitudinal relations between parent-child conflict and children's adjustment: the role of children's sleep.

Sleep was examined as a process variable in relations between verbal and physical parent–child conflict and change in children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms over time. Participants were 282 children at T1 (M age = 9.44 years; 48 % girls), 280 children at T2 (M age = 10.41 years), and 275 children at T3 (M age = 11.35 years). Children reported on parent–child conflict, sleep was assessed with actigraphy, and parents reported on children’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Autoregressive effects for sleep and internalizing and externalizing symptoms were controlled to examine change over time. Supportive of intervening processes, physical parent–child conflict at T1 and increased change in internalizing and externalizing symptoms at T3 were indirectly related through their shared association with reduced sleep continuity (efficiency, long wake episodes) at T2. Findings build on a small but growing literature and highlight the importance of considering the role of sleep in relations between family conflict and child development.
Genetic impacts of shrimp trawling on red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) in the northern Gulf of Mexico

Genetic variation and genetic relatedness are investigated among age-0 red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) sampled as bycatch in shrimp trawls from five localities in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Reference samples from the same geographic areas were obtained by sampling a few juveniles at a time during multiple trawl tows. No significant differences in allelic richness, gene diversity, or allele (or genotype) distributions at 16 nuclear-encoded microsatellites were found between the five bycatch samples and reference samples taken from the same geographic area. These results indicate that red snappers taken as bycatch neither have reduced genetic variation relative to the local population nor do they appear to represent a non-random sample from the local population in terms of allele or genotype distributions. Estimates of the within-sample variance of pairwise relatedness did not differ significantly from zero for any bycatch or reference sample. Hence, red snapper in the bycatch samples are not more closely related genetically to one another than would be expected when sampling individuals at random from the local population. These results indicate that there are no direct, detectable genetic impacts of shrimp trawling on red snapper at the localities sampled.
Generation of Transgenic Mice

This unit describes detailed step-by-step protocols, reagents, and equipment required for successful generation of transgenic mice using pronuclear injection. The experimental methods and practical tips given here will help guide beginners in understanding what is required and what to avoid in these standard protocols for efficiently generating transgenic mice.
Application of FRF-Based Inverse Substructuring Analysis to Vehicle NVH Problems

A multi-coordinate FRF-based inverse substructuring approach is proposed to partition a vehicle system into two or more substructures, which are coupled at discrete interface points. The joint and free substructure dynamic characteristics are then extracted from the coupled system response spectra. Depending on the actual form of the structural coupling terms, three forms of the coupling matrix are assumed here. The most general one constitutes the non-diagonal form, and the other two simpler cases are the block-diagonal and purely diagonal representations that can be used to simplify testing process and overcome computational problems. The paper is focused on the investigation of the durability of these three formulations when the input FRFs are noise contaminated. A finite element model of a simplified vehicle system is used as the case study. In general, simulation results show that the non-diagonal and block-diagonal formulations are very sensitive to the input noise, while the purely diagonal formulation is much less noise sensitive. This is because the matrix inversion process involved in the non-diagonal and block-diagonal formulations cause the magnification of the input error. The singular value decomposition technique is then applied to address this problem. It turns out the performance of the non-diagonal and block-diagonal formulations can still be improved significantly when the input FRFs are heavily noise contaminated.
The treatment of severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis via the Ganz surgical dislocation and anatomical reduction

We present our experience of the modified Dunn procedure in combination with a Ganz surgical dislocation of the hip to treat patients with severe slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). The aim was to prospectively investigate whether this technique is safe and reproducible. We assessed the degree of reduction, functional outcome, rate of complications, radiological changes and range of movement in the hip. There were 28 patients with a mean follow-up of 38.6 months (24 to 84). The lateral slip angle was corrected by a mean of 50.9° (95% confidence interval 44.3 to 57.5). The mean modified Harris hip score at the final follow-up was 89.1 (sd 9.0) and the mean Non-Arthritic Hip score was 91.3 (sd 9.0). Two patients had proven pre-existing avascular necrosis and two developed the condition post-operatively. There were no cases of nonunion, implant failure, infection, deep-vein thrombosis or heterotopic ossification. The range of movement at final follow-up was nearly normal. This study adds to the evidence that the technique of surgical dislocation and anatomical reduction is safe and reliable in patients with SCFE. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:424–9.
A Reevaluation of Papilio pegala F. and Papilio alope F., with a Lectotype Designation and a Review of Cercyonis pegala (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in Eastern North America

ABSTRACT A review of the available evidence related to the descriptions of Papilio pegala F. and Papilio alope F. (now generally recognized as Cercyonis p. pegala and C. pegala alope, respectively) reveals that the suggested type localities of these nominal taxa are untenable for the reasons originally given. The vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina, is retained for P. pegala, but for different reasons than those first proposed. Based on an eighteenth century illustration in “Jones' Icones,“ the Georgia type locality for P. alope is revised to the vicinity of New York, New York, and a lectotype is designated. Additional nominal taxa are discussed, including Satyrus alope var. maritima W. H. Edwards, Satyrus nephele var. olympus W. H. Edwards, Cercyonis pegala race borealis F. Chermock, Cercyonis alope Carolina F. Chermock & R. Chermock, Cercyonis alope ochracea F. Chermock & R. Chermock, Cercyonis pegala abbottii F. Brown, and Cercyonis pegala agawamensis Arey & Grkovich. The holotypes of C. p. borealis...
PHYSICAL PROGRAMMING: EFFECTIVE AND FRIENDLY OPTIMIZATION FOR ENGINEERING AND BUSINESS APPLICATIONS

It is well known that system, process or artifact designs that can be quantitatively modeled and evaluated can also significantly benefit from computational optimization. Furthermore, large classes of systems, processes and artifact designs can indeed be adequately modeled and quantitatively evaluated. With significant benefits in store for nearly all designs, why then is optimization not more broadly exploited? Why does it remain relatively unused as a design tool? In this paper we present insightful answers to these questions and present Physical Programming as an effective and friendly method for optimization. More specifically, we point to uses of physical programming in practical engineering and business applications.
A Novel Precision Die Attach Technique for Opto-Electronics Packaging

Semiconductor Laser diodes that emit visible light have various interesting applications such as sensing, high density optical storage and projection displays. In any opto-electronic package, the laser diode chips are typically attached or soldered to metal or ceramic substrates that have good thermal conductivity and are well-matched in coefficient of thermal expansion using solder. Some applications require a critical alignment of the front facet of the laser diode to the front edge of the substrate onto which the laser diode chip is attached to. Depending on the application, the alignment precision could be varying from 20 μm to being as stringent as 0.5 to 1 μm. In many of these applications, the cost of packaging is also a very important factor. In such applications, it is essential to develop a laser diode chip bonding process that can meet such stringent die alignments along with a low cost manufacturing process. Therefore, the objective of this research work is to provide a low cost alternative solution for die attach process that can guarantee alignment precision of 0.5 to 1 microns and can be easily adapted to high volume manufacturing. The novel technique proposed in this work uses primarily gravity force for the facet alignments between the two components. In this passive-gravity assisted precision (P-GAP) assembly process, the laser diode (LD) chip is placed on the substrate using a traditional pick and place machine and later the substrate and the chip are tilted such that the chip slides on the substrate due to the gravity and touches a mechanical stop in-front of them. This does not involve any active alignment. In addition, we have provided few ideas to improve the sliding when gravity is used. This technique has been implemented on several samples and the feasibility of achieving the alignment precision to within a micron was demonstrated.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Competitive binding of long-chain free fatty acids, octanoate, and chlorophenoxyisobutyrate to albumin.

The mechanism of binding of certain fatty acids and the drug chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (CPIB) to defatted bovine serum albumin has been studied by analysis of the mutual displacement of these ligands. The displacement of one ligand by another was measured at pH 7.45 by equilibrium partitioning between hexane and an aqueous phase, and by ultrafiltration. The ligand-inhibitor pairs were [14C]palmitate vs. CPIB, octanoate, or stearate, [14C]CPIB vs. octanoate or palmitate, and [14C]octanoate vs. CPIB. Association constants (Ka) were measured for ligands in separate experiments, and inhibition constants (Ki) for competitors were estimated from linear double-reciprocal plots of the low ligand concentration region. In all cases a competitive type of displacement of ligand from a high-affinity site(s) by the inhibitor was observed. When Ka inhibitor was equal to or greater than Ka ligand, the inhibition constant (Ki) equaled Ka inhibitor, indicative of classical competitive inhibition. An example of this type is [14C]CPIB (Ka 2 x 105 M-1) displacement by palmitate (Ki = Ka = 5 x 106 M-1). However, when Ka inhibitor was less than Ka ligand, as in the case of [14C]palmitate displacement by CPIB, the calculated Ki was less than Ka inhibitor. Furthermore, Ki. decreased as the inhibitor concentration rose. Although data can be interpreted by a model in which common primary binding sites exist on albumin for medium- or long-chain free fatty acids and CPIB, a more complex interpretation than simple competitive inhibition may be required to explain the unequal Ki and Ka values.
A Method in Support Vector Machines Based Invariant Moments to Recognize Shaft Orbit

Axis orbit of rotor is a reflection of the important characteristics of shaft vibration,which implies the rotor fault information.This paper proposes an intelligent dentification method of shaft orbit based on support vector machines and invariant moments.The first step is filling The rotor orbit graphics,get rotor orbit image.The second step is calculating the image of 7 invariant moments,combined with SVM to diagnosis fault.According to experimental analysis and validation,this method can effectively achieve the rotor fault diagnosis.
Does Patient-Centered Care Pay Off?

Article-at-a-Glance Background Hospitals have adopted patient-centered practices that focus on patients' needs, values, and preferences in hopes of improving quality and controlling costs. Patient-centered practices are intended to involve patients in treatment decisions, increase communication between patients and care-givers, and increase interaction with family members and friends. Rapid adoption of these practices has occurred, even though little is known about the effects of patient-centered care on outcomes and cost. Methods A simultaneous equations regression model was developed to examine the reciprocal relationships between patient-centeredness, outcomes, and cost. A consortium of employers obtained data from 52 hospital units in southeastern Michigan. Two hundred randomly selected patients were sampled from all discharges on the medical, surgical, and obstetric units at each hospital for the first three months of 1997; the patients were sent the survey in May. Patient-centeredness was measured by patient reports of whether key clinical events occurred (The Picker Inpatient Survey). Outcomes were assessed by rates of unexpected mortality and complications. Cost was defined by self-insured purchaser payments. Results Hospital units that were more patient centered were associated with statistically significantly better outcomes and higher costs than those that were less patient centered. The joint relations between outcomes and cost were insignificant. Conclusions Patient-centeredness was associated with better outcomes and higher cost. For either the short run or long run, managers, patients, and purchasers should determine whether the improvement in outcomes and patient satisfaction associated with becoming patient centered is worth the investment in costs.
A V-Band Wafer Probe

In this paper the design and development of a V-band (50-75 GHz) probe is presented. The V-band probe must have a waveguide input, since commercially available coaxial cable has overmoding present above 65 GHz. Design goals: ? Frequency coverage 50-75 GHz ? Insertion loss better than 4 dB ? Correctable performance: (|S11| - |S21| ? 5dB) ? Footprint GSG (ground-signal-ground) ? Pitch availability 50-250 microns ? Biasing ability An insertion loss of less than 4 dB at 75 GHz and correctable performance is desired. Correctable performance implies that there is adequate separation between insertion loss and return loss, allowing meaningful data to be obtained for deriving the error correction model. A difference of 5 dB has been found to give useable results, and is expressed as |S11 - |S21| ? 5dB. The coplanar probe lip will be a ground-signal-ground configuration, with pitch selection available from 50 to 250 microns. The signal line must be able to be biased with respect to the ground contacts for on-wafer deviced characterization. The input is to be a V-band rectangular waveguide with WR-15 flanges.
Atoms get a big push, or is that a pull?

In the coming millennium, could we make electrical connections from single atoms moving through atomic wires at ultrafast speeds? Could we shrink bit sizes to just a few atoms, leading to petabyte memories? Before engaging in such engineering problems, however, we first need to understand the underlying science of the nanoworld – and we still have some way to go. Several recent advances in quantifying the fine art of atom manipulation are now taking us in the right direction.
Vehicle Architecture for Field Testing Forward Collision Warning and Adaptive Cruise Control

Abstract This paper describes the Prototype Vehicle Architecture that was developed as a basis for deployment vehicles to be used in field testing the Forward Collision Warning (FCW) and Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) functions as a part of a joint program between National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and General Motors Corporation. The background of the program is presented followed by functional description, architecture, and the detailed block diagram of the system.
On the formulation of a multi-layered composite pipe finite element with an arbitrary variable wall thickness-Part 1: Static postbuckling analysis with unstable large deformation

Abstract A multi-layered composite pipe finite element is developed, in which the wall thickness and the reference surface of each layer can be arbitrary functions of circumferential and axial directions. The kinematics of this multi-layered composite pipe element is set up. Explicit formulations for the Jacobian matrix and its determinant are obtained. The high-order modal displacement test/trial function are applied. To satisfy the compatibility condition between adjacent layers, the interface traction DOF (degree of freedom) is induced and the mixed formulation is obtained. The Dirac's Delta function defined on the interfaces is used as the interpolation function of the traction field. The static condensation technique is applied so that the DOFs of traction are eliminated on the element level. The implementation details of the nonlinear finite element for the multi-layered composite pipe element are also presented. Large deformation and finite strain are both considered. The UL (Updated Lagrangian) form is applied. This multi-layered composite pipe element is applied to solve the multi-layered pipe buckling problem. The results are compared with those from ANSYS.
Applying Graph Analytics to Understand Compute Core Usage and Publication Trends in a Petascale Supercomputing Facility

The Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF) runs Titan, the No. 4 supercomputer in the world, to deliver over four billion compute core hours every year to several scientific domains, in their pursuit of leadership science. In this paper, we analyze four years worth of heterogeneous log data sources from the OLCF resource fabric, capturing metadata on entities such as users (2,546), scientific project allocations (674), jobs (1,352,402) and publications (1,146), to derive insights into the trends in core hour usage and publications, across 35 science domains. We have constructed a scalable graph to represent the OLCF entities and apply rich graph analytics for our analysis. Based on this, we have analyzed the metadata across five dimensions, namely (1) quantitative analysis of Titan system usage, (2) quantitative analysis of OLCF publications, (3) correlation analysis between system usage and publications, (4) text analysis to derive OLCF research trends, and (5) utilization of graph mining for association analysis. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first of its kind to apply graph- based big data techniques to provide comprehensive insights on an HPC center's core hour usage and users' publication trends. Our results provide valuable details into an HPC center's core allocation program, measuring the productivity of scientific domains, the interplay between core usage and research output, accelerating collaboration, and in predicting new connections between resource entities.
Correlating the Electrification of Volcanic Plumes with Ashfall Textures at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan

Abstract Volcanic lightning detection has become a useful resource for monitoring remote, under-instrumented volcanoes. Previous studies have shown that the behavior of volcanic plume electrification responds to changes in the eruptive processes and products. However, there has not yet been a study to quantify the links between ash textures and plume electrification during an actively monitored eruption. In this study, we examine a sequence of vulcanian eruptions from Sakurajima Volcano in Japan to compare ash textural properties (grain size, shape, componentry, and groundmass crystallinity) to plume electrification using a lightning mapping array and other monitoring data. We show that the presence of the continual radio frequency (CRF) signal is more likely to occur during eruptions that produce large seismic amplitudes (>7 μm) and glass-rich volcanic ash with more equant particle shapes. We show that CRF is generated during energetic, impulsive eruptions, where charge buildup is enhanced by secondary fragmentation (milling) as particles travel out of the conduit and into the gas-thrust region of the plume. We show that the CRF signal is influenced by a different electrification process than later volcanic lightning. By using volcanic CRF and lightning to better understand the eruptive event and its products these key observations will help the monitoring community better utilize volcanic electrification as a method for monitoring and understanding ongoing explosive eruptions.
Heterogeneous Expectations and Micro-Foundations in Macroeconomics

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of recent models of heterogeneous expectations in macroeconomics. We begin with a description of household behavior in an environment with features common to many models in asset pricing, monetary theory, and New Keynesian macroeconomics. We demonstrate issues facing modelers when agents are boundedly rational and have (possibly) heterogeneous beliefs about the future evolution of endogenous state variables. These issues can be summed up in three broad categories: boundedly rational decision making, aggregation of decision rules, and the appropriate equilibrium concept. After having laid out the basic underlying theories we present several applications that illustrate the non-trivial implications of heterogeneous expectations for economic outcomes. Our applications include asset-pricing and bubbles, trading inefficiencies in monetary economies, and monetary policy design.
Leveraging metacognitive prompts in construction educational games for higher educational gains

The inclusion of technology in the classroom environment has brought the adoption of a variety of pedagogical intervention such as educational simulation games, which have illustrated a growing pot...
Assessing the intercultural sensitivity of students in an agriculture diversity and social justice course

ABSTRACTIn an increasingly connected world, the industry of agriculture finds itself at the centre of the challenges of globalisation, including diversity and social equity issues. Recognising the ...
InAs Quantum dot Lasers Epitaxially Grown on On-Axis (001) Silicon

We present recent progress in performance and reliability of InAs quantum dot lasers epitaxially grown on (001) on-axis silicon. Fabry-Perot lasers show low threshold current densities ( 185 mW) and extrapolated lifetimes more than 10 million hours.
E.P. Meinecke and the Development of the Modern Auto Campground

Recreational camping began in the United States in the 1860s after the conclusion of the American Civil War. It was an antimodern response to the rapid industrialization and urbanization that had begun to sweep through America. Americans embraced many of modernity’s positive aspects, but they were uncomfortable with and worn down by the urban noise, pollution and many other negative characteristics that also came along. Camping emerged as a form of leisure-time pilgrimage to sacred nature in order to regenerate America’s tired urban dwellers. Ironically, camping is not beyond the reach of modernity despite its antimodern roots. Camping’s technology, practices, spaces and management have been shaped by the same modernizing forces that led to America’s urban-industrial life. As the modern automobile became a central part of the camping experience during the 1920s, the number of campers increased dramatically causing the nature in and around public automobile campgrounds to deteriorate rapidly. The most widely embraced solution to this problem was created by E.P. Meinecke. A plant pathologist in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, he developed a modern version of the automobile campground that retained many of the antimodern elements sought by campers. Meinecke’s design became the standard for U.S. national parks and forests.
PROCESSING VARIABILITY IN INTENTIONAL AND INCIDENTAL WORD LEARNING: AN EXTENSION OF SOLOVYEVA AND DEKEYSER (2018)

Inspired by Solovyeva and DeKeyser (2018), I utilized Coefficient of Variation (CV) (Segalowitz & Segalowitz, 1993), a measure traditionally used in detecting automatization and recently extended to index addition of new linguistic representations, to capture the trajectory in processing variability in both intentional and incidental word learning. This paper reports two studies involving (1) an intentional word learning experiment and (2) a re-analysis of published eye-tracking data from an incidental vocabulary learning study (i.e., Elgort et al., 2017). In the word learning experiment, native English speakers (N = 35) studied Swahili-English word pairs (k = 16) before performing ten testing blocks of animacy judgment tasks on the Swahili words. This design differed from that of previous studies which often focused on products of learning (i.e., typically, adopting a pre- / post-test or cross-sectional design) (e.g., Leow, 2015). By computing a CV value from the reaction time (RT) data for each participant in each testing block, I captured the learners’ development in processing stability during the process of learning. Results replicated an initial increase in CV as new representations were established, indicating less stable processing of the Swahili word meanings in the beginning. At the same time, CV peaked at about the 6 th block before decreasing, which was then consistent with automatization. This inverted U-shaped development was confirmed by the quadratic term of Block in the mixed-effects model. In the second study, I computed CVs for each participant from Elgort et al.’s eye-tracking experiment where learners gained lexical, orthographic familiarity through repeated exposures in natural reading. These CVs were based on individual participants’ first fixations and gaze durations on the target words at each of the first 12 occurrences in the reading text. CV based on gaze durations significantly decreased over time only when the analysis was restricted to target words. CV based on first fixations did not change in all analyses. Taken together, these results suggested relative stability in CV in word learning in natural reading contexts. Discussion highlighted the importance to investigate the process of learning, differences in processing demands of incidental and intentional word learning, and the signature of CV across different stages of vocabulary acquisition.
Shockwave lithotripsy facilitates large-bore vascular access through calcified arteries.

Abstract Background Our objective is to explore the Peripheral Intravascular Lithotripsy (IVL) System in the treatment of calcific access vessels during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), endovascular aortic repair (EVAR), and transcatheter aortic valve intervention. Methods This retrospective, single-center study evaluated the outcomes of patients undergoing TEVAR, EVAR, or transcatheter aortic valve intervention with severe calcific arterial disease between July 2018 and August 2019. Maximum circumferential calcification, length of calcification, and inner/outer diameter measurements were collected with curved planar reformation by medical imaging software (Aquarius APS, TeraRecon, Foster City, Calif). Effective luminal gain was calculated using the minimal inner diameter and the largest bore passed within the vessel lumen. End points included technical success, mortality, adverse events, and requirement for bail out maneuvers. Technical success was defined as successful delivery and deployment of device or endograft. Results Nine patients were included (mean age, 79.3 ± 9.79 years; range, 59-97 years]). four transcatheter aortic valve replacement, one TEVAR, one EVAR, and three fenestrated EVAR. Six patients (66.7%) had more than one artery treated; the segments treated included common iliac artery (seven patients [77.8%]), the external iliac artery (seven patients [77.8%]), and the common femoral artery (one patient [11.1%]). The average inner iliac vessel diameter was 3.38 ± 0.99 mm (range, 1.87-4.72 mm). The average outside diameter of device introduced was 7.2 ± 0.94 (range, 6.3-8.8 mm) with 229% effective luminal gain. Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases with a 0% mortality. Adjunctive measures were needed in five cases (55.6%). One vessel perforation was controlled with covered stent (Viabahn; W. L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, Ariz) deployment. Dissection was identified in two cases requiring stent placement. Two cases required the use of the Terumo International Systems SOLOPATH Balloon Expandable TransFemoral System (Terumo Interventional Systems, Somerset, NJ). One case deployed a Viabahn stent applying the "crack and pave" technique. Conclusions As the population of the United States ages, calcified arterial disease will become an everyday clinical conundrum. Furthermore, the procedures for which the IVL system is geared toward facilitating will likely also increase in use. The IVL system is an additional tool in the vascular surgeon's armamentarium to obtain large-bore access in these calcified vessels. Further studies are needed to better assess the clinical effectiveness of the IVL system.
Validity and reliability of Food-Mood Questionnaire (FMQ).

Background:The need for short and validated questionnaires to evaluate dietary patterns (DPs) and mental distress in clinical and research settings is increasing.Aim:The purpose of this study was t...