cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Secure Data Aggregation Based Trust Management Approach for Dealing with Untrustworthy Motes in Sensor Network

Efficient power management is vital for increasing the life of wireless sensor networks (WSN). The main reason is that the radio transmission consumes energy approximately three times comparing to other operations. Thus, techniques such as data aggregation have been widely used in WSN to preserve energy. Despite its appealing and powerful features, data aggregation requires a high level of security as tampering with aggregating data can be suspected due to small bit errors. We propose a comprehensive trust management approach to deal with the potential dishonest and faulty motes in sensor networks. Unlike other trust management approaches, we take into account multiple properties in leveraging between positive trust and behavior uncertainty so as to yield the projection of trust which represents truster's confidence in the trustee node to have the capability to complete the task. We comprehensively evaluate and compare trust management schemes in the sensing environment using TOSSim simulator. The results have shown that the proposed scheme is memory efficient and provides fairly accurate results allowing sensors to appropriately adjust themselves and manage to carry out their missions during normal and extreme environment.
Acute hepatopathy associated with mitotane administration in a dog.

An adult dog with a persistent elevation in alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity was started on mitotane for suspected hyperadrenocorticism. One month later, the dog was presented for intermittent anorexia and acute icterus. The dog’s liver enzyme activities and total bilirubin were markedly elevated, prothrombin time was prolonged, and blood urea nitrogen and glucose were low. Histopathology revealed marked, centrilobular, hepatocellular loss. After discontinuation of the mitotane, the dog recovered with supportive care and was normal 3 months later, which was consistent with mitotane-associated hepatic failure.
Development of a Clean, Efficient, Propane-Fueled Tractor

Southwest Research Institute has developed a modern propane-fueled John Deere 5410 tractor through funding provided by the Propane Education and Research Council and the Texas Alternative Fuels Council with support from the John Deere Product Engineering Center. The project began in June 2001 and the tractor was completed in March 2002. The objective of this project was to develop an economical, commercially-viable propane-fueled heavy- duty engine for an off-road vehicle. Propane-fueled agricultural and construction equipment would be appropriate new applications for this engine. For example, large numbers of small agricultural tractors are used in both rural and urban settings for such tasks as mowing, right of way maintenance, etc. Use of diesel powered equipment in an urban environment contributes to ozone formation and particulate matter emissions, which are both air quality concerns. According to the Equipment Manufacturers Institute, in 1999, 47,181 tractors in the 30 - 75 kW range were sold in the U.S. The two states with the most purchases were Texas and California, both states that have documented air quality problems. The final converted LPG engine emissions, output power, and noise emissions compare favorably to the original diesel configuration. The diesel engine greatly exceeds the Tier 3 limits in terms of NO x + NMHC and PM. Although the propane engine produced slightly less power (∼ 8%) than the diesel engine, the NO x + NMHC emissions output was substantially reduced. The propane engine NO x + NMHC was approximately 44 percent that of the diesel engine. This reduction was primarily due to a large decrease in NO x , since the NMHC emissions from the propane engine were higher. The propane engine and diesel engine has similar CO levels. The propane engine had significantly lower particulate matter (PM), with a 92 percent reduction compared to the diesel engine. Following the laboratory engine and control system development, the engine was installed in a John Deere medium-duty model 5410 tractor. Fuel storage was provided by multiple conformable storage tanks, and a central refueling port was utilized for convenient refueling. All propane equipment installation was supervised by the Texas Railroad Commission. Further development of the control system for driveability was performed, in addition to troubleshooting of engine and propane system components.
Trends in stage distribution for patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A National Cancer Database Survey

7598 Background: We have previously reported a significant change in stage distribution for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) among patients diagnosed at our institution (ASCO 2006 # 7205). To con...
An Efficient Non-parametric Background Modeling Technique with CUDA Heterogeneous Parallel Architecture

Foreground detection plays an important role in many content based video processing applications. To detect moving objects in a scene, the changes inherent to the background need to be modelled. In this work we propose a non-parametric statistical background modeling technique. Moreover, the proposed modeling framework is designed to utilize Nvidia’s CUDA architecture to accelerate the overall foreground detection process. We present three main contributions: (1) a novelty detection mechanism capable of building accurate statistical models for background pixels; (2) an adaptive mechanism for classifying pixels based on their respective statistical background model; and (3) the complete implementation of the proposed approach based on the Nvidia’s CUDA architecture. Comparisons and both qualitative and quantitative experimental results show that the proposed work achieves considerable accuracy in detecting foreground objects, while reaching orders of magnitude speed-up compared to traditional approaches.
Routine Troponin Measurements Are Unnecessary to Exclude Asymptomatic Coronary Events in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients

Background Obtaining serum troponin levels in every patient with acute stroke is recommended in recent stroke guidelines, but there is no evidence that these contribute positively to clinical care. We sought to determine the clinical significance of measuring troponin levels in acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods We reviewed 398 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke at a large academic institution from 2010 to 2012. Troponin levels were measured as a result of protocol in place during part of the study period. The mean age was 70 years (standard deviation ±16 years) and 197 (49.5%) were men. Results Chronic kidney disease was present in 78 (19.6%), coronary artery disease in 107 (26.9%), and atrial fibrillation in 107 (26.9%). Serum troponin T was measured in 246 of 398 patients (61.8%). Troponin was elevated (>.01 ng/mL) at any point in 38 of 246 patients (15.5%) and was elevated in 28 patients at all 3 measurements (11.3% of those with troponin measured). Only 4 of 246 patients (1.6%) had a significant uptrend. Two were iatrogenic in the setting of hemodynamic augmentation using vasopressors to maintain cerebral perfusion. One case was attributed to stroke and chronic kidney disease and another case to heart failure from inflammatory fibrocalcific mitral valvular heart disease. Conclusions Serum troponin elevation in patients with ischemic stroke is not usually caused by clinically significant acute myocardial ischemia unless iatrogenic in the setting of vasopressor administration. Serum troponin levels should be measured judicially, based on clinical context, rather than routinely in all stroke patients.
Threshold Load Factor for Liquefaction Triggering Evaluations

The Vs-based chart developed by Andrus and Stokoe (2000) becomes less conservative when a constant cyclic shear strain, γc, is used for liquefaction triggering (Dobry et al. 2015), where Vs = shear wave velocity. Specifically, natural silty sands in the Imperial Valley of California, heavily preshaken by earthquakes, have a triggering resistance for a given normalized Vs significantly higher than uncompacted clean and silty sand fills. A higher γc is required for triggering in the natural sands than in the fills (0.1–0.2% versus 0.03%). Dobry et al. (2015) reached this conclusion within the usual liquefaction chart format, plotting CSR 1⁄4 τ c=σ 0 v0 1⁄4 0.65ðamax=gÞðσv0=σ 0 v0Þrd versus normalized shear wave velocity, Vs1 1⁄4 Vsð100=σ 0 v0Þ (σ 0 v0 in kPa). The next logical step would be to plot γc directly versus Vs1. However, using γc is not practical for several reasons. The authors propose instead use of the threshold load factor (TLF)
Investigating the Eddy Diffusivity Concept in the Coastal Ocean

AbstractThis paper aims to test the validity, utility, and limitations of the lateral eddy diffusivity concept in a coastal environment through analyzing data from coupled drifter and dye releases within the footprint of a high-resolution (800 m) high-frequency radar south of Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts. Specifically, this study investigates how well a combination of radar-based velocities and drifter-derived diffusivities can reproduce observed dye spreading over an 8-h time interval. A drifter-based estimate of an anisotropic diffusivity tensor is used to parameterize small-scale motions that are unresolved and underresolved by the radar system. This leads to a significant improvement in the ability of the radar to reproduce the observed dye spreading.
Global resilience to climate change: Examining global economic and environmental performance resulting from a global carbon dioxide market☆

In this study, we investigated global economic and environmental resilience in the presence of climate change. In particular, we examine the possibility of mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions without stressing standards of living. Here, we set up a cross-country CO2 market constrained by a quota, where CO2 is optimally re-allocated based on relative shadow prices of the pollutant. The objective is to stabilize global emissions without hindering global incomes and in the process achieve a single CO2 price. We introduce a re-allocation model that takes into account each country’s underlying polluting technology. The model solutions are then used to investigate whether a single, global price for CO2 is attainable. Our results suggest that global CO2 emissions could stabilize without stressing global incomes, with a global CO2 market achieving equilibrium. With a CO2 market, countries would then have the incentive to consider adopting, improving, or investing in additional abatement technologies to move beyond current capabilities, while continuing to increase standards of living.
Production of high density molecular beams with wide velocity scanning

We describe modifications of a pulsed rotating supersonic beam source that improve performance, particularly increasing the beam density and sharpening the pulse profiles. As well as providing the familiar virtues of a supersonic molecular beam (high intensity, narrowed velocity distribution, and drastic cooling of rotation and vibration), the rotating source enables scanning the translational velocity over a wide range. Thereby, beams of any atom or molecule available as a gas can be slowed or speeded. Using Xe beams in the slowing mode, we have obtained lab speeds down to about 40 ± 5 m/s with density near 1011 cm−3 and in the speeding mode lab speeds up to about 660 m/s and density near 1014 cm−3. We discuss some congenial applications. Providing low lab speeds can markedly enhance experiments using electric or magnetic fields to deflect, steer, or further slow polar or paramagnetic molecules. The capability to scan molecular speeds facilitates merging velocities with a codirectional partner beam, enabling study of collisions at very low relative kinetic energies, without requiring either beam to be slow.
Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Urinary Bladder According to the 2016 World Health Organization Classification: Molecular and Clinical Characteristics

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the urinary bladder are a rare type of tumor that account for a small percentage of urinary bladder neoplasms. These tumors of the urinary bladder range from well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (carcinoids) to the more aggressive subtypes such as small cell carcinoma. Despite the rarity of the neuroendocrine tumors of the bladder, there has been substantial investigation into the underlying genomic, molecular, and the cellular alterations within this group of neoplasms. Accordingly, these findings are increasingly incorporated into the understanding of clinical aspects of these neoplasms. In this review, we provide an overview of recent literature related to the 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Urinary Bladder. Particular emphasis is placed on molecular alterations and recently described gene expression. The neuroendocrine tumors of the urinary bladder are subdivided into four subtypes. Similar to their pulmonary and other extrapulmonary site counterparts, these have different degrees of neuroendocrine differentiation and morphological features. The clinical aspects of four subtypes of neuroendocrine tumor are discussed with emphasis of the most recent developments in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. An understanding of molecular basis of neuroendocrine tumors will provide a base of knowledge for future investigations into this group of unusual bladder neoplasms.
A Partially Observable Markov Decision Process Approach to Residential Home Energy Management

Real-time pricing (RTP) is a utility-offered dynamic pricing program to incentivize customers to make changes in their energy usage. A home energy management system (HEMS) automates the energy usage in a smart home in response to utility pricing signals. We present three new HEMS techniques—one myopic approach and two non-myopic partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) approaches—for minimizing the household electricity bill in such a RTP market. In a simulation study, we compare the performance of the new HEMS methods with a mathematical lower bound and the status quo. We show that the non-myopic POMDP approach can provide a 10%–30% saving over the status quo.
Development and Evaluation of a Web-Based Clinician Training Program for a Family-Focused Depression Preventive Intervention

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the acceptability, feasibility, and satisfaction associated with a newly developed online clinician training program for the Family Talk preventive intervention, both alone and together with a redesigned, shortened, face-to-face component. Fifty-eight predominately in-home therapy clinicians participated in the study. Results indicated that clinician participants found the online training to be enjoyable and comprehensive, and they reported that the most beneficial training package involved the combination of web-based and in-person training. This combined training could efficiently cover necessary didactic material online while also delivering important clinical skill practice and in-person discussion. Exceptions, limitations, and important future research questions are discussed.
Ecofriendly Fabrication of Modified Graphene Oxide Latex Nanocomposites with High Oxygen Barrier Performance.

Large-scale industrial applications of barrier films and coatings that prevent permeation of degradative gases and moisture call for the development of cost-efficient and ecofriendly polymer nanocomposites. Herein, we report the facile fabrication of latex nanocomposites (LNCs) by incorporating surface-modified graphene oxide (mGO) at various loadings (0.025–1.2 wt %) into a styrene-acrylic latex using water as the processing solvent. LNCs fabricated with mGO exhibited significant reductions (up to 67%) in water vapor sorption, resulting in greater environmental stability when compared to LNCs fabricated with equivalent loading of hydrophilic, unmodified GO. The assembly and coalescence of the exfoliated latex/mGO dispersions during the film formation process produced highly dispersed and well-ordered mGO domains with high aspect ratios, where alignment and overlap of the mGO domains improved with increasing mGO content. The addition of only 0.7 vol % (1.2 wt %) mGO led to an 84% decrease (relative to the...
Branchial arch anomalies: Recurrence, malignant degeneration and operative complications.

Abstract Objective Branchial arch anomalies (BAA) represent one of the commonest pediatric neck masses, but large case series are lacking with none specifically examining risk of recurrence, surgical complications, and malignancy. Study design Retrospective study of patients with BAA at Mayo Clinic from 1/1/1976-7/29/2011. Methods Features studied include age, gender, location, BAA type, symptoms, recurrence, preoperative management, extent of surgery, pathology as well as presence of tracts. Associations with tracts, operative complications, and recurrence were evaluated. Results 421 subjects underwent BAA excision during the study period at our institution. Subjects with tracts were symptomatic earlier. Four cases (mean age 60.3 years) of malignancy were identified. Among the 358 (non-remenant) BAA patients with no previous excision, 3.6% recurred at a mean of 47.1 months following surgery. Patients who underwent incision and drainage prior to BAA excision were 3.4 times more likely to recur. 2% experienced complications. Age, BAA type, preoperative imaging and extent of surgery did not affect recurrence or complication rates. Conclusion Patients with history of preoperative incision and drainage should be followed closely for recurrence the first four years. Early BAA excision is not associated with higher complication rate. Extent of resection should be determined by gross margins of BAA. Malignant degeneration was not seen in children. Malignancies have been seen in older patients (over 45 years) diagnosed with BAA, and a thorough work-up is important for correct diagnosis.
LESS Ileal Interposition

Management of large volume or proximal ureteral pathology is very challenging. Few reconstructive options exist and all cases involve radical surgery either with autotransplantation, tissue grafting, or ileal interposition. For ileal ureter creation, minimally invasive techniques have been increasingly used including laparoscopic and robotic approaches. This chapter is devoted to description of our experience with using laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for ileal interposition.
Intra-articular “Cocktail” Offers Clinical Advantages over Femoral Nerve Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Hip Surgery:

Objectives:Arthroscopic hip surgery has gained considerable popularity over the past several years. Attempts to optimize peri and postoperative pain control continues to represent a challenge and o...
Provenance in Context of Hadoop as a Service (HaaS) - State of the Art and Research Directions

Hadoop as a service (HaaS), also known as Hadoop in the cloud, is a big data analytics framework that stores and analyzes data in the cloud using Hadoop/Spark. In this paper, we discuss the importance of providing provenance capabilities in context of Hadoop as a service (HaaS) framework. We first review the state of the art in provenance tracking in context of databases and work-flow processing, in context of cloud and in context of big data analytics frameworks like Hadoop and Spark. We next identify a number of provenance capabilities which have been developed in context of databases and workflow processing but the corresponding solutions have not been developed in context of Hadoop or Spark. We argue that developing these solutions is important so that a comprehensive provenance aware Hadoop as a Service (HaaS) can be provided on cloud. The paper ends by identifying some research challenges in developing these provenance capabilities.
The Cardiovascular Dizziness Connection: Role of Vestibular Autonomic Interactions in Aging and Dizziness

Dizziness and vertigo symptoms are common across all ages. Although it is well known that vestibular dysfunction can cause these symptoms, other causes must also be considered. This chapter examines the role of blood pressure and cerebral blood flow regulation and their possible connections to the development of dizziness. Humans have several cardiovascular adaptations that are designed to maintain blood pressure and brain blood flow when upright. The role of the baroreflex in maintaining blood pressure when moving from the supine to upright position is reviewed. Brain blood flow regulation to maintain adequate flow when upright also has been examined. Reductions in brain blood flow have been shown to be associated with the development of dizziness as well as orthostatic hypotension. In addition, there is emerging evidence that the vestibular system assists in this cardiovascular adaptation. Therefore, it is important to consider how vestibular dysfunction may result in orthostatic hypotension or reduced brain blood flow that could cause or worsen symptoms of dizziness.
Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis is a rapid and effective method for the identification of mutations and polymorphisms in the gene for glycoprotein IIIa

Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is the most common inherited disorder of platelets. Most of the molecular defects previously identified in GT have been caused by point (or other small) mutations in the genes for glycoprotein (GP) IIb or GPIIIa. We have used single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis to rapidly identify single-base changes in the GPIIIa gene. Using genomic DNA from normal individuals and patients with GT, each GPIIIa exon and a short stretch of flanking intronic sequence was amplified, heat-denatured, and separated in nondenaturing acrylamide gels. Only those fragments with an abnormal migration pattern were isolated and the nucleotide sequence determined. Using SSCP, we detected the polymorphism in the HPA-1 (P1A) system and all three known silent polymorphisms in the GPIIIa gene. Screening 14 GPIIIa exons from 5 patients with GT, one mutant allele was identified. The nucleotide sequence of the abnormal 240-bp SSCP fragment was determined and a G-->A substitution in the splice donor site of exon iv was identified. Analysis of platelet RNA resulting from this mutation showed two mRNA species: one contained a deletion of exon iv, whereas the other had a 27-bp addition to exon iv due to the use of a cryptic splice site in the downstream intron. Single-base substitutions are the most common mutation in GT and often result in abnormal mRNA splicing. SSCP is a rapid and sensitive technique for identifying mutations or polymorphisms in the GPIIIa gene.
Genetic Susceptibility to Lung Cancer

Although tobacco smoke, with its numerous carcinogens and procarcinogens, is strongly linked to lung cancer risk, many people have similar tobacco smoke and other environmental exposures and do not develop lung cancer. Also, the histologic types occurring in never-smokers differs from those occurring in smokers. People are thought to have different susceptibilities to cancer risk factors, including lung cancer risk factors; and a genetic basis for differing cancer risk factor susceptibilities has been proposed based on to the observation that different susceptibilities appear to be inherited based on aggregation of cancers within families. The concept of inherited susceptibilities explains why some people with little or no tobacco smoke exposure develop lung cancer. Further, genetic differences, gene-environment interactions, and risk factors could help explain why some people develop lung cancer with little or no smoke exposure, or at younger ages; why some heavy smokers do not develop lung cancer; and why some lung cancer patients have strong family histories of cancer. Studies of genetic factors associated with tobacco-related lung cancer risk have identified several genetic polymorphisms as potentially increasing lung cancer risk. These genetic polymorphisms involve genes that are associated primarily with the metabolism of tobacco smoke carcinogens and the suppression of mutations induced by those carcinogens. Tobacco-associated vs. nontobacco-associated lung cancers, gender differences, and geographic differences are all confounding factors in the evaluation of the genetic factors involved in lung cancer risk. There is much that remains to be discovered, and studies such as these must continue in order to further elucidate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and lung cancer risk, and how such relationships may be used to prevent lung cancer, affect treatment responses, and improve clinical outcomes.
Thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis: Ten years' experience

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the presentation, treatment, and disease course of Thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis. Design Observational case series. Participants Forty patients, diagnosed and managed with Thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2001, on the Cornea Service at Wills Eye Hospital. Methods Retrospective chart review. Main outcome measures Patient demographics, symptoms, visual acuity, ophthalmic examination, management, duration of disease, and length of follow-up. Results At the time of presentation, the mean patient age was 28.7 years. The most common presenting symptoms included photophobia, blurred vision, and irritation. Thirty of 38 patients without a history of decreased vision (78.9%) initially were seen with visual acuities in both eyes of 20/30 or better. The 8 (21.1%) remaining patients all had visual acuities between 20/40 and 20/50; improvement in vision with treatment was noted in all 3 observed at our institution. Six patients (16%) had unilateral disease, whereas another 2 patients had bilateral involvement develop after unilateral presentation. Thirty-nine patients (97.5%) were treated with topical steroids at some point in their disease course. The patient not managed with steroids was only seen once and was managed with artificial tears for mild symptoms. In addition to steroids, a patient was treated for recurrent episodes with extended-wear contact lens, and another patient was started on topical cyclosporine because of an inability to be tapered off topical steroids. The average duration of disease in the 15 patients who were observed for more than a single year was 11.1 years. Conclusions Thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis is a potentially chronic condition, which might affect people of all ages for years to decades. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment, with extended-wear contact lens and topical cyclosporine reserved as secondary agents.
From Virtual Oscillators to Quantum Mechanics

The early years of the Institute for Theoretical Physics (1920–1925) coincided with very turbulent times in physics. Everyone was aware of the successes of the Bohr theory—publicly recognized by the award of the Nobel prize to Bohr in 1922. But the initial objections, such as the renunciation of classical ideas and the nonsystematic aspects of the Bohr theory, remained serious difficulties. In the period 1920–1925, a large number of contradictory and incomplete features appeared. For example, the Bohr theory gave a beautiful explanation of the hydrogen spectrum, but in spite of many efforts, it got nowhere with the helium spectrum. So the criticism that was muted by the successes of the theory became louder with its failures.
The Design of an Online Social Network Site for Emergency Management: A One Stop Shop

Web 2.0 is rapidly creating new opportunities for communication and collaboration. Part of this explosion is the increase in popularity and use of Social Network Sites (SNSs) for general and domain-specific use. In the emergency domain there are a number of websites including wikis and SNSs. but they stand as silos in the field, unable to allow for cross-site collaboration. In this paper we describe ongoing design science research to develop and refine guiding principles for the design of an SNS that will bring together emergency domain professionals in a “one-stop-shop.” We surveyed emergency professionals who study crisis information systems, to ascertain potential functionalities of such an SNS. Preliminary results suggest that there is a need for the envisioned SNS. Future research will continue to explore possible solutions to issues addressed in this paper.
Calorie Estimation From Pictures of Food: Crowdsourcing Study.

Background: Software designed to accurately estimate food calories from still images could help users and health professionals identify dietary patterns and food choices associated with health and health risks more effectively. However, calorie estimation from images is difficult, and no publicly available software can do so accurately while minimizing the burden associated with data collection and analysis. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of crowdsourced annotations of calorie content in food images and to identify and quantify sources of bias and noise as a function of respondent characteristics and food qualities (eg, energy density). Methods: We invited adult social media users to provide calorie estimates for 20 food images (for which ground truth calorie data were known) using a custom-built webpage that administers an online quiz. The images were selected to provide a range of food types and energy density. Participants optionally provided age range, gender, and their height and weight. In addition, 5 nutrition experts provided annotations for the same data to form a basis of comparison. We examined estimated accuracy on the basis of expertise, demographic data, and food qualities using linear mixed-effects models with participant and image index as random variables. We also analyzed the advantage of aggregating nonexpert estimates. Results: A total of 2028 respondents agreed to participate in the study (males: 770/2028, 37.97%, mean body mass index: 27.5 kg/m2). Average accuracy was 5 out of 20 correct guesses, where “correct” was defined as a number within 20% of the ground truth. Even a small crowd of 10 individuals achieved an accuracy of 7, exceeding the average individual and expert annotator’s accuracy of 5. Women were more accurate than men (P<.001), and younger people were more accurate than older people (P<.001). The calorie content of energy-dense foods was overestimated (P=.02). Participants performed worse when images contained reference objects, such as credit cards, for scale (P=.01). Conclusions: Our findings provide new information about how calories are estimated from food images, which can inform the design of related software and analyses.
Does Financial Statement Structural Comparability Affect Analysts' Forecasts?

This study investigates comparability of firms’ financial statement structure, i.e. similarity of line items, and its effects on accounting information users. Prior research demonstrates a relationship between accounting-function comparability (i.e., earnings comparability) and analysts’ forecast properties. Given the importance of financial statements as a source of information for analysts, we examine whether and how structural comparability of firms’ financial statements affects that relationship. Using a dataset of 7,797 firm-year observations from 2009 to 2015, our results indicate that structural comparability mediates the relation between earnings comparability and analysts’ coverage, forecast accuracy, and forecast dispersion. While our findings imply that structural comparability enhances financial statement informativeness to analysts, we also provide evidence suggesting that uniformity reduces financial statement informativeness. Overall, this study provides evidence on the underlying mechanism by which accounting-function comparability affects analysts’ forecast properties as well as some perspective on the distinction between comparability and uniformity in informative financial reporting.
Sexual Minority Youth at Risk of Early and Persistent Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use.

The current study sought to examine substance use disparities among sexual minority youth. The current subsample of 348,175 students participated in the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) study from years 2005 to 2015 (biennially) in jurisdictions that asked at least one question about sexual minority status. Latent class analysis was used to identify implicit classes of sexual minority youth, based on respondents’ sexual identity and sexual behavior. Sex-stratified regression models were run to determine the association between class membership and age of onset and persistent use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Findings showed that sexual minority female subgroups were primarily distinguished by sexual identity (e.g., “lesbian,” “bisexual”), whereas sexual minority male subgroups were primarily distinguished by sexual behavior. Female lesbian and bisexual youth were at risk of initiating substance use at younger ages and, among lifetime users, were more likely to persist in their tobacco and marijuana use over time, relative to sexually active female heterosexual youth. Among lifetime users, male youth with partners of both sexes were at greater risk of persistent use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana over time and earlier ages of first use. Recommendations for intervention and prevention programs geared toward reducing sexual minority youth substance use are provided.
Do self-administered positive psychology exercises work in persons in recovery from problematic substance use? An online randomized survey

Abstract Quality of life and psychological well-being are increasingly being recognized as important factors in and outcomes of substance use treatment. Very little empirical evidence exists, however, to indicate if and how positive psychological outcomes could be targeted within treatment. Using a randomized survey administered online, we examined 5 brief, self-administered happiness exercises, and tested if completion of these exercises resulted in increases in in-the-moment happiness compared to 2 control exercises. Participants were n = 531 adults describing themselves as seeking or being in recovery from problematic substance use, who were recruited online from recovery-focused websites. Participants rated in-the-moment happiness immediately pre- and post-completing randomized text-entry-based exercises. Results indicate that in-the-moment happiness increased in participants randomized to happiness exercises while it decreased in controls (F(1, 444) = 9.94, p = 0.0017). Greatest pre-post increases in happiness were observed for the “Reliving Happy Moments” exercise (gav = 0.15), followed by “Savoring” (gav = 0.09) and “Rose, Thorn, Bud” (gav = 0.07). Our modified “3 Good Things” exercises performed relatively poorly (gav = 0.02). The control exercise “3 Hard Things” resulted in the greatest negative pre-post difference (gav = −0.10). Exercises took on average 4 ± 4 min to complete and most participants (93%) felt they could complete them as part of their daily routine. Effectiveness, ease of use, and positive views of the tested brief, self-administered positive psychology exercises render them promising tools to bolster happiness during treatment, which may have utility in supporting long-term recovery. Observed decreases in happiness in response to the “3 Hard Things” exercise underscore the importance of offsetting the challenges of recovery with positive experiences.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum presenting with orchitis in a renal transplant recipient.

Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, is an emerging tick-borne disease. It is spread by the black-legged deer tick Ixodes scapularis that serves as the vector for six human pathogens. HGA is still rarely reported in solid organ transplant recipients. In solid organ transplant recipients, orchitis has been reported secondary to chickenpox, tuberculosis and infections due to Listeria monocytogenes and Nocardia asteroides. Orchitis as a presenting feature of HGA infection has only been reported in animals. We present a unique case of a renal transplant recipient with HGA that presented as orchitis. We also compare the clinical presentation and laboratory findings of our patient with other cases of HGA in transplant recipients. To the best of our knowledge, our patient is one of the first cases of A phagocytophilum mono-infection causing a classical presentation of orchitis in a transplant patient.
Music, Pitch Perception, and the Mechanisms of Cortical Hearing

The fact that mental functions are asymmetrically represented in the cerebral hemispheres of humans has been central to much of the study of the relationship between brain functions and behavior over the past 25 years. This fact, of course, was recognized much earlier, largely beginning with the observations of Broca and Wernicke that language disturbances were associated with left-hemisphere damage. Subsequently, similar arguments about the lateralization of function in the brain have also been made about such nonlanguage functions as music. Although the behavioral disturbances seen in the neurological syndromes of aphasia or amusia are not typically modality-specific, they have provided important eIues about where 10 beg in the study of how the brain processes linguistic and nonlinguistic auditory patterns. Because of the strong association between language and left-hemisphere function, a useful working assumption has been that the characteristics of the speech perception process are likely to be quite similar, if not identical, to the characteristics of cortical hearing in the left hemisphere. On the other side of the brain, however, the characteristics of cortical hearing are less weIl understood. This chapter, then, focuses on one of the processes underlying the right hemisphere’s purported musical skills. The eIues broadly suggested by the clinical syndromes and narrowed by experimental studies with both normal subjects and patients with focal brain damage are considered here. Based on this evidence, it is argued that one of the areas in which the right hemisphere has a relative advantage over the left is in processing steady-state harmonic information, and it does so in a manner that is important in extracting pitch information from complex periodic sounds. This capacity, then, is a significant contributor to the apparent right-hemisphere advantage for some musical functions, and almost certainly, it plays a role in the right hemisphere’s contribution to the prosody of fluent speech.
Generating Electromagnetic Schell-Model Sources Using Complex Screens with Spatially Varying Auto- and Cross-Correlation Functions

Abstract We present a method to generate any physically realizable electromagnetic Schell-model source. Our technique can be directly implemented on existing vector-beam generators that utilize spatial light modulators for coherence control, beam shaping, and relative phasing. This work significantly extends published research on the subject, where control over the partially coherent source’s cross-spectral density matrix was limited. We begin by presenting the statistical optics theory necessary to derive and implement our method. We then apply our technique, both analytically and in simulation, to produce two electromagnetic Schell-model sources from the literature. We demonstrate control over the full cross-spectral density matrices of both partially coherent beams. We compare the simulated results of these two sources to the corresponding theoretical or designed quantities to validate our approach. We find, through examination of the two-dimensional correlation coefficients, that both sources converge to their desired, ensemble (or by ergodicity, “long-time”) statistics within 500 random field instances. Our method and subsequent findings will be useful in any application where control over beam shape, polarization, and spatial coherence are important. These include but are not limited to free-space/underwater optical communications, directed energy, medicine, atomic optics, and optical tweezers.
Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Heavily Cold-Rolled and Subsequently Annealed Cu-3 wt.%Ti Alloys with Nano-Lamellar Structure

Changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Ti alloy sheets during cold rolling and subsequent annealing were studied with and without Cu-Ti precipitates in the initial microstructures. Pre-existing Cu-Ti precipitates plastically deformed and severely elongated in the rolling direction via cold rolling, accelerating the formation of a nano-lamellar structure. A mean lamellar boundary spacing of 20 nm was achieved at an equivalent strain of 6.7. Vickers hardness increased with decreasing lamellar boundary spacing. Subsequent annealing after cold rolling clearly enhanced the mechanical properties, and a maximum Vickers hardness value of 443 HV (4.35 GPa) was attained in the sample with pre-existing precipitates strained to 6.7. These results suggest that pre-existing precipitates promote microstructural refinement during heavy cold rolling, and that heavily cold-rolled Cu-Ti alloys exhibit anneal hardening behavior, leading to excellent mechanical properties.
Identification of Coronavirus Isolated from a Patient in Korea with COVID-19

Objectives Following reports of patients with unexplained pneumonia at the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the causative agent was identified as coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and the 2019 novel coronavirus disease was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization. Putative patients with COVID-19 have been identified in South Korea, and attempts have been made to isolate the pathogen from these patients.
The Russian Revolution as fantastic synaesthetic event (Sigizmund Krzhizhanovskii and Vladimir Sharov)

This essay introduces two experimental Russian writers, Sigizmund Krzhizhanovskii (1887–1950) from the Soviet era and Vladimir Sharov (1952–2018) from the post-Soviet period, through their depictio...
Abstract CT051: Safety and efficacy of CD19/CD22 CAR T cells in children and young adults with relapsed/refractory ALL

Background: With the hypothesis that dual antigen targeting strategies may prevent antigen negative escape, we tested a novel humanized bispecific CD19/CD22 CAR T cell construct in patients with relapsed/refractory B ALL. Building upon our experience with effective CD19 (NCT01593696) and CD22 (NCT02315612) CAR T cell constructs, we report our initial findings. Design: This was a phase 1 dose escalation study which started at 3 x 105 transduced CAR T-cell/kg. The CD19/CD22 construct was comprised of FMC63 (CD19 scFv) and m971 (CD22 scFv) with a 4-1BB costimulatory domain (NCT: 03448393). The primary objective was safety and toxicity; secondary objectives included efficacy, CAR persistence and cytokine profiling. CAR T cells were manufactured onsite utilizing a closed system device (CliniMACS Prodigy®). ASTCT consensus guidelines were used for cytokine release syndrome (CRS) grading. Prior CAR T cells were not exclusionary. Results: Eleven subjects (median age 21) were infused at 3 dose levels. Four experienced mild, reversible CRS without neurotoxicity (Table). Eight subjects had an objective response (MRD negative CR, n=4; partial response, n=4), and 2 proceeded to transplant. Complete responders were CAR naive and received > 1 x 106 CAR T-cells/kg. CAR expansion peaked at a median of 13 days (range, 6-20) and were detectable by flow cytometry to a median of 54 days (range: 25-110 days) post infusion. Patients with higher disease burden trended towards having higher CRS, CAR expansion, and cytokine elevation. Two patients have relapsed (1 post BMT) with CD19+/CD22+ disease. Conclusion: In our preliminary experience, CD19/22 CAR was well tolerated and effective in CAR naive patients, with 4/6 patients achieving MRD negative CR. Relapses were antigen positive likely due to limited CAR persistence. Future plans include exploring an additional dose level, intensifying lymphodepletion for prior CAR patients, and evaluating CAR T-cell product characteristics with outcomes. Citation Format: Haneen Shalabi, Bonnie Yates, Shilpa Shahani, Haiying Qin, Steven L. HIghfill, Sandhya Panch, Minh Tran, David Stroncek, Leah Hoffman, Lauren Little, Katherine Graap, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Constance Yuan, Hao-Wei Wang, Terry J. Fry, Nirali N. Shah. Safety and efficacy of CD19/CD22 CAR T cells in children and young adults with relapsed/refractory ALL [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr CT051.
One-dimensional impenetrable anyons in thermal equilibrium: II. Determinant representation for the dynamic correlation functions

We have obtained a determinant representation for the time- and temperature-dependent field–field correlation function of the impenetrable Lieb–Liniger gas of anyons through direct summation of the form factors. In the static case, the obtained results are shown to be equivalent to those that follow from the anyonic generalization of Lenard's formula.
Now what? Where do we go from here?

Now that we have a new specialty, I raise the question of where we go from here. We have added new terms to our 12th specialty, and in addition to temporomandibular (TM) disorders, myofascial pain,...
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson's Disease: Change in Cognitive, Psychiatric, and Functional Outcomes from Baseline to 16-47-Month Follow-Up.

Objective Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is common in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and is associated with cognitive impairment; however, the majority of the evidence on the impact of RBD on multidomain cognitive batteries in PD is cross-sectional. This study evaluated the longitudinal impact of probable RBD (pRBD) on cognitive, psychiatric, and functional outcomes in people with PD. Method Case-control study. A total of 65 people with PD completed the study protocol at baseline and 16-to-47-month follow-up. Participants were classified as pRBD+ (n = 25) or pRBD- (n = 40) based on an established cutoff of 6 on the RBD Sleep Questionnaire (RBDSQ). Participants also completed a) comprehensive cognitive testing, b) self-report measures of depression, anxiety, and apathy, and c) performance-based and other-report forms of instrumental activities of daily living. Results Baseline mean age was 67.8 (SD = 8.1; range = 45-86) and baseline mean years of education was 16.4 (SD = 2.1; range = 12-20). The two groups did not differ on measured demographic characteristics. Baseline mean T-scores for cognitive tests were in the average range (46-55). Hierarchical linear models tested group differences in cognitive and functional decline from baseline to follow-up, controlling for appropriate demographic and psychiatric variables. Compared to the pRBD- group, pRBD+ participants showed greater decline in attention/working memory (r = -0.31; p = 0.01) and UPSA financial skills (r = -0.31; p = 0.01). No other group differences approached significance. Conclusions RBD may differentially affect attention/working memory and financial abilities in PD. Results underscore the importance of regular RBD screening in older adults with PD in order to triage symptomatic patients to appropriate cognitive and medical interventions.
Simulated Annealing Algorithm Based Tuning of LQR Controller for Overhead Crane

Overhead cranes are utilized for transporting loads in various workplaces while avoiding spatial conflicts with workers. Many researchers have investigated the control of cranes to increase productivity and safety. LQR is an often-studied controller used for this purpose. In practice, the weighting matrices of the LQR controller are tuned manually utilizing a trial and error method. In this paper, the use of the Simulated Annealing Algorithm (SAA) to tune the weighting matrices of the LQR is investigated. A new objective function is proposed which incorporates important criteria which are: minimization of overshoot, rise time, and settling time. The performance of the algorithm for crane control is evaluated in both simulations and lab experiments.