cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Getting A’s in B-School?: Differential effects of ambitions on the course taking and academic performance of conservative and liberal college students

Our study draws from research on person-environment fit to investigate how conservative and liberal students sort themselves into different academic environments, and to what extent they succeed in them. We hypothesize that the apparent influence of students’ conservatism on course choice and GPA is mediated by the nature of their ambition. Our data captured pre-college ambitions and political orientation, which were used to predict course-taking and grades over four years in a cohort of students entering a large American research university. Results show that student conservatism was related to higher endorsement of mainstream ambitions (material and career success), but lower ambitions concerning social justice, political influence, art, and science. Conservatism was also related to higher enrollment in business, engineering, and music, but lower enrollment in the arts. However, GPA in different academic disciplines did not necessarily vary as a function of student conservatism. A series of mediation models demonstrated that the statistical effects of conservatism on enrollment were mediated by students’ pre-college ambitions. Though less consistently, mediation effects emerged also for the effects of student conservatism on grades in various fields. Findings support that undergraduates’ political orientation and ambitions are linked to course-taking and college GPA. Implications for person-environment fit and the role of political orientation and ambitions in higher education are discussed along with suggestions for further research.
Radiation stability of nanostructured hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 under ion irradiations

Abstract Radiation stability of nanostructured hydroxyapatite with different interfacial structure is studied. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (HAp-np) is fabricated by calcination in muffle furnace and densified nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HAp-nc) is synthesized by spark plasma sintering. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations show the hexagonal structure for both HAp-np and HAp-nc. Irradiation responses of HAp-np and HAp-nc are studied via in situ TEM techniques. The samples are irradiated with 1 MeV Kr2+ ions over the temperature range of 150 K to 523 K. In situ TEM observations reveal a higher critical amorphization dose of HAp-nc (0.075 dpa) compared to 0.05 dpa of HAp-np at room temperature, indicating enhanced amorphization resistance. The radiation tolerance shows a great dependence on temperature, and a higher critical dose can be observed at elevated temperatures. A lower critical amorphization temperature (Tc) of HAp-nc (∼437 K) than HAp-np (∼545 K) indicates better radiation tolerance since the lower Tc shows better defect annealing ability. This better radiation tolerance of HAp-nc is attributed to the higher sink strength and lower interface energy carried by densified grain boundaries as free-standing open surfaces of HAp-np can carry more isolated dangling bonds that results in a higher interface energy. This excess interface energy can lower the energy difference between crystalline phase and amorphous state, leading to HAp-np to be less radiation resistant. Radiation-induced amorphization is attributed to the accumulation of oxygen vacancies and the glass-like structure rearranged by displaced oxygen and phosphorus atoms.
The Harms of Industrial Food Production: How Modern Agriculture, Livestock Rearing and Food Processing Contribute to Disease, Environmental Degradation and Worker Exploitation

While ‘you are what you eat,’ people know little about food’s journey to their plate and miss important information about their relationship to labor, animals and the environment. This chapter counters ‘food alienation’ to expose harms that go beyond food crimes and food fraud to larger unjust and unsustainable arrangements, so people can better align their diet with their values and health goals. For example, growing crops causes environmental degradation and the exploitation of farm labor. Concentrated animal feeding operations/factory farms result in suffering to animals and health risks to people. Ultra-processed food leads to a variety of health conditions, and meatpacking/slaughterhouse work inflicts suffering on animals and hazards to workers. Individual choice about consumption improves some harms, but government and industry provide limited support for consumer agency, and structural changes are necessary to create a sustainable food production system.
New Communitarian Thought and the Future of Social Policy

Communitarian thought is an emerging force in American social policy in the 1990s. Communitarians see the breakdown of community and morality as the major problem of the society. They conclude that rampant individualism is the cause of this breakdown. Communitarians propose reforms that will limit rampant individualism and restore the communities and institutions. In these proposals are threats to social justice, as well as positive elements that social workers can endorse. This paper reviews and critiques the communitarian position and suggests ways that social workers can use this new force to advance the cause of social justice
Macrocyclic Complexes of Germanium

Recently ELVIDGE and LINSTEAD (1) reported the macrocyclic, tetra — dentate ligand, hpH2, and several of its divalent metal complexes. A structure determination has been carried out on the non planar nickel complex by SPEAKMAN (2).
The Peace of Teschen

Maria Theresia had continued her efforts to find a peaceful settlement thoughout the most critical phase of the military operations. On the third of September she drew up an appeal to Frederick in which she not only proposed to evacuate every last square foot of Bavarian territory and to recognize his claim to the margraviates in the bargain, but also went on to beseech him to end once and for all their thirty-eight years of enmity and mutual suspicion in the interest of bringing unparalleled happiness to all of Germany.1 Perhaps even the Empress, upon reflection, considered this a little too abject an offer of surrender, as the document was never dispatched. It, however, gives a fairly accurate reflection of her mood and her determination to go to almost any length to end the war. This was abetted by Kaunitz, who had apparently given up on the prospect of achieving anything through military operations. On the seventh, thus before he could have any notion of what the outcome of the campaign in Bohemia would be, he submitted a memorandum which maintained that, whatever might still happen in the field, it was hopeless for the Empire to consider renewing the war the next spring, as its resources would not be equal to this. And even if it should prove possible to fight a second year nothing would be accomplished as not even a series of victories would restore Silesia to the Empire.2 It is not without a certain significance that no one bothered to take issue with this little bit of sophistry and to point out that the object of the war had never been to recover Silesia.
Does Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation of Vinyl Chloride Yield Cold Vinylidene

Velocity map imaging of the infrared multiphoton dissociation of vinyl chloride shows the formation of HCl in rotational levels below J = 10 that are associated with the three-center elimination pathway. The total translational energy release is observed to peak at 3–5 kcal/mol, which is consistent with the low reverse barrier predicted for the formation of HCl with vinylidene coproducts. Direct dynamics trajectory studies from the three-center transition state reproduce the observed distributions and show that the associated vinylidene is formed with only modest rotational excitation, precluding Coriolis-induced mixing among the excited vibrational levels of acetylene that would lead to distribution of vinylidene character into many vibrationally mixed acetylene vibrational levels. The results suggest that infrared multiphoton dissociation of vinyl chloride is an efficient route to synthesis of stable, cold vinylidene.
Studying Wisdom: Toward a Christian Integrative Perspective:

Wisdom is both a current topic of empirical investigation and a vital part of religious thought. What is the proper relationship between the science of wisdom and religious tradition? We suggest fo...
Laminin 332 in squamous-cell carcinoma

Basement membranes can be a barrier to tumour growth, but basement membrane molecules, including laminins, are also important autocrine factors produced by cancers to promote tumorigenesis. Many studies have shown the importance of laminin 332 (previously known as laminin 5) in this process, especially in squamous cell carcinoma. Through interactions with several cell-surface receptors (including alpha6beta4 and alpha3beta1 integrins, epidermal growth factor receptor and syndecan 1) and other basement membrane components (including type VII collagen), laminin 332 drives tumorigenesis through phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and RAC1 activation, promoting tumour invasion and cell survival. The extracellular interactions of laminin 332 appear amenable to antibody-mediated therapies.
Experimental lipid storage myopathy. A quantitative ultrastructural and biochemical study.

Abstract A lipid storage myopathy was induced in rats treated with daily doses of 2.5 g/kg brominated vegetable oil. As in human lipid storage myopathies, type I fibers were selectively severely affected, the lipid deposits were surrounded by mitochondria and the mitochondrial fraction of the affected fibers was increased. The oxidation of [U-14C]palmitate, [1-14C]octanoate and β-[3-14C]hydroxybutyrate was significantly depressed but [1-14C]palmitate, as well as labeled pyruvate and succinate were oxidized at normal rates. The activities of long-chain, medium-chain and short-chain carnitine acyltransferases and the muscle carnitine levels were normal. The lipid storage is attributed to impaired beta oxidation of medium-chain and short-chain fatty acyl residues. An approach to the investigation of those human lipid storage myopathies not due to defects in the carnitine system is suggested.
The Peregrinations of Two 'Péruviennes': Travel, Gender and Sexuality in the Transatlantic Crossings of Mme de Graffigny's Zilia and Flora Tristan

Resumen es: This study considers transatlantic narrative space as a fertile site for the development and enactment of women's agency in French literature authored by...
Equivalences for Morse homology

An explicit isomorphism between Morse homology and singular homology is constructed via the technique of pseudo-cycles. Given a Morse cycle as a formal sum of critical points of a Morse function, the unstable manifolds for the negative gradient flow are compactified in a suitable way, such that gluing them appropriately leads to a pseudo-cycle and a well-defined integral homology class in singular homology.
Effect of Phytase Addition on Growth and Carcass Traits of Pigs Fed Diets Deficient in Lysine, Calcium, and Phosphoruss1

ABSTRACT One hundred fifty gilts (initial and final BW 20 and 107 kg, respectively) were used in a 106-d experiment to determine the effects on growth performance and carcass traits of phytase addition to diets deficient in Lys, Ca, and P. The treatments were 1) positive control [NRC adequate in amino acids (AA), ME, Ca, and P]; 2) a diet with 85% of the Lys of diet 1, but adequate in Ca and P (85L+CaP); 3) 85L+CaP with 500 phytase units/kg phytase, expected to supply Lys, ME, Ca, and available P (aP; 85L-CaP+Phy); 4) 85L-CaP+Phy but with no added phytase (85L-CaP-Phy); and 5) 85L-CaP-Phy but adequate in Ca and P (85L+CaP-E-AA). The nutrient matrix values used for the phytase addition were as follows: Ca 144%, aP 144%, ME 15,246 kcal/kg, Lys 12%, Met 5%, Thr 5%, and Trp 2%. The phytase was provided at 0.083% of the diet and therefore was expected to provide the following nutrients: Ca 0.12%, aP 0.12%, ME 12.7 kcal/kg, Lys 0.01%, Met 0.004%, Thr 0.004%, and Trp 0.002%. Treatment diets were fed in a 4-phase feeding program. The standardized ileal digestible Lys levels in the control were 0.91, 0.79, 0.69, and 0.57% for diet changes at 20, 44, 68, and 87 kg, respectively. Each treatment was replicated 5 times with 6 gilts each. Pigs fed diets with reduced Lys concentrations had lower daily gain (P
Voltage Equalization in Super Capacitors Series

The problem that each cell’s voltage is not equal in super capacitors series will affect the whole performance of series connected super capacitor strings. In order to solve this problem, an equalizing circuit is designed in this paper. This equalizing circuit uses inductances as energy storage elements, transfers energy from super capacitor with high voltage to the lower ones to achieve voltage balance. To prove the feasibility of this method, simulations and experiments have been done. The results show that this method can make each super capacitor’s voltage tend to be equaled even when the discrepancy of the super capacitors’ capacity is big. This method solves the voltage inequality in super capacitors series effectively and eliminates a difficult problem in engineering application.
Automated Method for Micro-Scale Determination of Serum Carbon Dioxide

An accessory attachment for the Beckman DSA-560 is described and the method for its use is presented. This accessory permits the automated microdetermination of serum carbon dioxide at a rate of 80 specimens per hour. The precision of the method is good and the results correlate well with those of other accepted techniques.
Acute idiopathic renal vein thrombosis in infants.

A case of acute renal vein thrombosis diagnosed preoperatively on the fourth day of life and cured by nephrectomy is recorded. It is believed that this is the youngest survivor of surgical therapy for this condition. In this case, a hydrocele on the side of the renal lesion appears to be a newly observed associated finding, possibly related to irritation and serositis of the peritoneum overlying the affected kidney. The reports of surviving patients recorded in the literature since 1900 are reviewed and discussed.
Proteoglycan aggregate synthesis in normal and chronically hydrocortisone-suppressed rabbit articular cartilage☆

Abstract Mature rabbits were given eight weekly injections of hydrocortisone into both knee joints. The articular cartilage was then removed and its biochemistry compared with that of normal controls. Chronically suppressed tissue had significantly lower water and proteoglycan content while hydroxyproline and DNA values were only slighly depressed. Samples were pulsed in vitro with [ 35 S]sulfate and [ 3 H]serine, the proteoglycans extracted with 4 m guanidine hydrochloride in the presence of protease inhibitors, purified under associative conditions in a cesium chloride density gradient, and the fractions further characterized. The rate of sulfate incorporation was 8% of the control values. For both normal and suppressed, the proteolgycan monomer had a K av on Sepharose CL-2B of 0.31 and was smaller than typical hyaline cartilage proteoglycans. Amino acid composition of the monomer was similar to that found in other hyaline cartilages with a high content of serine, glycine, proline, and glutamic acid. The glucosamine/galactosamine ratio was 0.37. For both the cold and newly synthesized proteoglycans, the chondroitin chain length was M r = 8 × 10 3 with a ratio of the 4-sulfated to 6-sulfated isomers of 0.4. The values were similar in the hydrocortisone-treated animals. In the suppressed tissue, both the newly synthesized and cold unlabeled proteoglycans were less extractable and less aggregated than in the control tissue. Aggregate fractions isolated from both the control and hydrocortisone-suppressed cartilages were hyaluronic acid deficient; exogenous added hyaluronic acid increased the percentage aggregate three- to fivefold. In both control and suppressed cartilages, newly synthesized material was less aggregated than the unlabeled proteoglycans.
Hydrogen exchange studies of protein structure

Hydrogen exchange techniques, with their residue-level specificity, exquisite sensitivity, and adaptability to many solution conditions, are becoming essential to the study of protein stability, folding and dynamics. Recent studies have elucidated the structures of intermediates formed transiently during protein folding and rare partially folded ensembles present at equilibrium. Analysis of hydrogen exchange mechanisms has revealed protein stability and kinetics at the level of individual residues.
Feeling Dreams in Romeo and Juliet

AbstractThis essay treats the close relationship between sensation and dreaming in Romeo and Juliet. In a play where a sterile and restrictive social language is far removed from the facts of inner life, Shakespeare introduces a startling alignment of cognitive understanding and felt experience through the many dream descriptions and visions that appear in his play. Making use of Epicurean and Renaissance theories of dream and enriching them, Shakespeare stages the hidden closeness of thought and feeling: dreams show us a fundamental state of being in which every mental representation is anchored temporally on either side by physical experience. In dreams, thinking arises from an event in the physical and perceptual realm, and results in the coming into being of another physical and perceptual event. This structure of felt experience bracketing imagined or abstract experience becomes the model for love and a life lived in accordance with the inner structure of perception in Romeo and Juliet, a model which...
Learning in an instructionless environment: Observation and analysis

In an instructionless environment, there are neither teachers nor books. The only feedback comes from interaction with the target. All information appears from within the subject or from observation of the environment. In this setting, subjects rely upon experimentation to develop an understanding of the target. They form hypotheses by analogy or inference and test these hypotheses via experiments of calibration, replication, confirmation, exploration, and discrimination.This paper describes subjects' performance in a particular instructionless environment. The target object is a programmable toy robot tank. We use the hypotheses formed by subjects and form of the experiments performed, to assess subjects' knowledge of the system. This knowledge falls into distinguishable categories: syntactic knowledge of the programming language, semantic knowledge of the actions of the device, and model knowledge which addresses the structure of the device. Exemplary selections of our protocols are used to support the various aspects of the learning model.
Stochastic theory of compartments: One and two compartment systems

Previous work on compartmental systems is generalized (i) to allow the particles present at time zero to have a different lifetime distribution than those which arrive after time zero, and (ii) to allow a particle which enters the system at timet to have a lifetime distribution which is a function oft but is otherwise quite general. The one and two compartment models are analyzed under the above conditions and compared to previous results of Thakuret al. (1974), Purdue (1974) and Cardenas and Matis (1974). Finally, some results for the two compartment, reversible system are given. The analysis used is a blend of direct random variable and queueing theoretic techniques.
Molecular-orbital calculations on electrophilic substitution and relative basicities in pyrrole, indole, furan, and benzofuran

Two molecular-orbital methods—extended Huckel theory and CNDO/2—have been used to estimate the relative electrophilic reactivities of the alpha and beta positions in the nonalternant heterocyclic compounds pyrrole, indole, furan, and benzofuran by comparing total transition-state energies. The order of basicities of three positions of indole and pyrrole are predicted. Charge densities are also calculated and evaluated in the light of n.m.r. chemical shift data.
Focusing Properties of Circularly Polarized Vortex Beam

The focusing properties of circularly polarized vortex beam are studied numerically. With proper combination of the handness of the circular polarization and vortex charge, focal field with an extremely strong longitudinal component can be obtained.
Effect of Levamisole on Morphology, Bactericidal Activity, and Metabolism of Human Neutrophils in Vitro

SummaryIn previous studies the ant-helmintic agent, levamisole hydrochloride, has been shown to alter function of mono-cytes and macrophages as well as to increase random locomotion and chemotaxis of neu-trophils. In the present investigation we have extended knowledge about this potentially clinically useful agent. We found that in the optimal range of doses used in prior studies, levamisole produces vacuole formation but does not alter bactericidal activity, oxygen consumption, [l-14C]glucose oxidation, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, or chemiluminescence of neutrophils from normal subjects. We have also demonstrated that levamisole has no effect on neutrophils from patients with chronic granulomatous disease. The results suggest that the major effects of levamisole on neutrophil function relate to its ability to improve random locomotion and chemotaxis.
A Landscape‐Based Classification of Fish Assemblages in Sampled and Unsampled Lakes

Abstract We related fish species patterns and landscape-scale environmental data from 216 Michigan lakes to identify repeatable types of fish assemblages, identify environmental factors related to assemblage types, and classify fish assemblages in unsampled lakes. Multivariate regression tree modeling of fish species abundances identified six assemblage types that were explained by degree-days during the ice-free period, lake surface area, and mean lake surface temperature. Warmwater species dominated southern lakes, while coolwater and coldwater species had higher abundances in northern lakes. Coolwater species were present in large southern lakes, whereas warmwater species were excluded from northern lakes that had low mean surface temperatures or low degree-days. These results suggest that patterns of lake fish assemblages are shaped by differences in climate as well as lake-specific differences in surface temperature regimes and in vertical availability of coldwater and coolwater habitats. Because we ...
An intralaboratory comparative study of hydride generation and graphite furnace atomic absorption techniques for determining organic and inorganic arsenic in complex wastewaters

Abstract A detailed intralaboratory comparison of the determination of arsenic in complex wastewater samples by hydride generation and graphite furnace atomic absorption techniques has been conducted. Two hydride generation techniques were employed. One consisted of the use of sodium borohydride pellets and argon to sweep the arsine into a hydrogen flame. In the second, arsine was produced from a sodium borohydride solution and swept into an air‐acetylene heated quartz tube. The hydride generation techniques yielded consistent, reliable data for highly complex wastewater matrices only when arsine generation was preceded by a closed acid digestion procedure. Complete recovery of arsenic (99%) was achieved using the graphite furnace technique and was found to be independent of the complexity of the waste‐water matrix and of the organic form of arsenic present. However, complete recovery using hydride generation was obtained from inorganic arsenic and moderately clean waters. Hydride generation‐atomic absorp...
The effect of strategy training and stimulus saliency on attention and recognition in preschoolers

Abstract Observing behavior and short-term recognition were studied in a training and test design. Preschoolers matched pictures from memory with training of a selective attending strategy or placebo practice. Both groups were then tested for retention of the strategies attained during training. For one-third of the subjects in each condition the relevant portions of the stimuli were made perceptually salient, for another third the irrelevant portions were salient, and for the rest no portions were salient. Strategy training enhanced relevant observing behavior and facilitated recognition accuracy in both training and test. The salient irrelevant cues interfered in training for the Placebo subjects. A second study examined the effect of three components of the strategy training procedure; verbal instructions, modeling, and fading. Verbal instructions, and to a lesser extent, modeling and fading, enhanced relevant observing behavior in both training and test but facilitated recognition accuracy only in training.
A Kramers-Moyal approach to the analysis of third-order noise with applications in option valuation.

We propose the use of the Kramers-Moyal expansion in the analysis of third-order noise. In particular, we show how the approach can be applied in the theoretical study of option valuation. Despite Pawula’s theorem, which states that a truncated model may exhibit poor statistical properties, we show that for a third-order Kramers-Moyal truncation model of an option’s and its underlier’s price, important properties emerge: (i) the option price can be written in a closed analytical form that involves the Airy function, (ii) the price is a positive function for positive skewness in the distribution, (iii) for negative skewness, the price becomes negative only for price values that are close to zero. Moreover, using third-order noise in option valuation reveals additional properties: (iv) the inconsistencies between two popular option pricing approaches (using a “delta-hedged” portfolio and using an option replicating portfolio) that are otherwise equivalent up to the second moment, (v) the ability to develop a measure R of how accurately an option can be replicated by a mixture of the underlying stocks and cash, (vi) further limitations of second-order models revealed by introducing third-order noise.
The influence of sexually explicit online media on sex: do men who have sex with men believe they “do what they see”?

Over the past two decades, men who have sex with men (MSM) have engaged in increasing consumption of MSM-specific sexually explicit online media (i.e., online pornography). Furthermore, the amount of MSM-specific sexually explicit online media portraying unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) has increased, raising concerns about HIV transmission among the actors and the potential encouragement of risky sex among consumers. The influence of sexually explicit online media on sexual risk-taking, at present largely understudied, could lead to new avenues for innovative HIV-prevention strategies targeting at-risk MSM. In this preliminary assessment, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 MSM in the Seattle area to elucidate MSM's perceptions about the influence of sexually explicit online media on their own and other MSM's sexual behaviors. Participants reported that sexually explicit online media: (1) plays an educational role, (2) increases comfort with sexuality, and (3) sets expectations about sexual behaviors. While participants overwhelmingly reported not feeling personally influenced by viewing UAI in sexually explicit online media, they believed viewing UAI increased sexual risk-taking among other MSM. Specifically, participants reported that the high prevalence of UAI in sexually explicit online media sends the message, at least to other MSM, that (1) engaging in UAI is common, (2) UAI is acceptable and "ok" to engage in, and (3) future partners will desire or expect UAI. Overall, this preliminary assessment indicates that sexually explicit online media exposure may have both positive (e.g., helping MSM become more comfortable with their sexuality) and negative (e.g., normalizing UAI) impacts on the sexual health of MSM and may be useful in the development of novel HIV-prevention interventions.
Large-deformation, elasto-plastic analysis of frames under nonconservative loading, using explicitly derived tangent stiffnesses based on assumed stresses

Simple and economical procedures for large-deformation elasto-plastic analysis of frames, whose members can be characterized as beams, are presented. An assumed stress approach is employed to derive the tangent stiffness of the beam, subjected in general to non-conservative type distributed loading. The beam is assumed to undergo arbitrarily large rigid rotations but small axial stretch and relative (non-rigid) point-wise rotations. It is shown that if a plastic-hinge method (with allowance being made for the formation of the hinge at an arbitrary location or locations along the beam) is employed, the tangent stiffness matrix may be derived in an explicit fashion, without numerical integration. Several examples are given to illustrate the relative economy and efficiency of the method in solving large-deformation elasto-plastic problems. The method is of considerable utility in analysing off-shore structures and large structures that are likely to be deployed in outerspace.
UNMASKING A HYPERCHAOTIC COMMUNICATION SCHEME

This paper will consider the use of nonlinear dynamic forecasting techniques to extract message signals from a six-dimensional, message-modulated hyperchaotic communication scheme. It will be shown that a variety of messages can be successfully extracted using only a three-dimensional reconstruction. Further, the robustness of the signal extraction is demonstrated by extracting a speech message with the speech amplitude varied by over an order of magnitude. In all cases intelligible speech was extracted, so security was not greatly improved by going to a hyperchaotic system or larger amplitude signals.
Diffusion and reaction in ZSM-5 studied by dynamic Monte Carlo

Abstract We have investigated the effects of occupancy and blocked sites on the diffusivity of penetrants in a three-dimensional lattice model of ZSM-5. Using our model, which is a realistic, coarse-grained description of the zeolite, we find that diffusivity decreases more strongly with occupancy and fraction of blocked sites than on a two-dimensional square or three-dimensional cubic lattice. The percolation transition for the ZSM-5 lattice occurs at an occupancy of 0.64, larger than that in a two-dimensional square lattice. We have also studied the effects of occupancy and of discrete, quenched reaction sites on the rates of the net reaction process in ZSM-5. The reaction studied is A⇌B, where A and B are assumed to have identical adsorption and diffusion properties. We show that there is an optimal fraction of reaction sites. This optimum is a result of the trade-off between increased ability for the reaction to proceed and decreased effectiveness of reaction sites as a consequence of reduced diffusive transport of species to and from the reaction sites. We have also found that lower occupancy of the zeolite enhances the rate of reaction by reducing the fraction of reaction sites occupied by adsorbed species.
Heat Denatured Gelatin

Abstract Gelatin, when subjected to prolonged heating at high temperatures, is denatured. Such heat‐denatured gelatin is altered in its solubility characteristics but is still subject to enzymatic hydrolysis. The changes which take place in gelatin thus treated are described, and certain applications of the product are suggested.
Refractive index modulation mechanism in bleached silver halide holograms

We present a simple technique for observing and studying the onset of microstructure in silver halide gratings, which can also be used to improve processing chemistry.
State Government Reference Publications

At the dining room table in a modest house in Sonyea, New York, Bohdan Wynar and David Parish worked to edit the latter's manuscript on state government publications. The now‐well‐known publishing firm, Libraries Unlimited, began in that unpretentious setting, but the result of their effort was a landmark in state government bibliography. For the first time, in the 1970s librarians had a guide to valuable reference material at the state level which has long been known as a complicated, yet rewarding, area in which to work.
Optical properties of CrSb, MnSb, NiSb, and NiAs

The room-temperature optical reflectivity of metallic CrSb, MnSb, NiSb, and NiAs has been measured between 0.05 and 5.0 eV, and the optical constants have been deduced by a Kramers-Kronig analysis. The nickel compounds have a low-energy region of intraband character while CrSb and MnSb show strong interband transitions to the lowest energy measured. This is interpreted as supporting a band model in which there are $3d$ states at the Fermi level for MnSb and CrSb, but not for nickel compounds. The departures of the intraband optical properties of the nickel compounds from Drude behavior are described by a generalized Drude analysis in terms of a complex energy-dependent lifetime, the real part of which has an approximate ${\ensuremath{\omega}}^{2}$ dependence.
RFID for personal asset tracking

The proposed mobile device uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to keep track of registered objects that are within range of the user. The goal is to provide a new security solution for keeping belongings that are carried around. The device consists of a mobile RFID reader and a control program with a graphical user interface. The assets are attached with RFID tags with unique identifiers for each tag by using EPC Gen2. The graphic interface allows the user to create a catalog of objects that are to be kept track of. Personal items such as keys, wallets, passports, jewelry, watches, glasses, medicine, portable flash drives, electronic devices (cell phone, PDAs, laptops, mp3 players, calculators) can be tracked using this system.
Association of allelic variants of thyroid-binding globulin with puberty in boars and responses to hemicastration.

Abstract Hemicastration of males increases weight of remaining testis when conducted before Sertoli cells cease to proliferate. The current studies re-examined responses to hemicastration in one-quarter Meishan crossbred boars that differed for two alleles of thyroid-binding globulin (TBG). In the first experiment, boars at 25 days of age with either allele did not differ in degree of testicular development; however, at 56 days, boars with the C allele had more advanced testicular development than littermates with the A allele as evidenced by testes with seminiferous tubules of larger diameter ( P P P P
Nucleotide composition of RNA by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Abstract A procedure using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been devised for determining the nucleotide composititon of small amounts (50 μg) of RNA. The procedure permits analysis of the separated nucleotides in the gel matrix, thereby avoiding sample manipulation and allowing for greater reproducibility.
Non-linear descriptor systems

This paper considers the general discrete-time descriptor system gk(x(k), x(k + 1), u(k)) = 0, where each gk and each x(k) is n-dimensional, Systems of this form arise in many contexts, including interconnected systems, systems with static identities among the descriptor variables, optimization problems, and economic problems. In addition, equations of this form arise in many standard theoretical developments, including questions of reachability, the two-point boundary value problem arising in optimal control, and economic models based on rational expectations. This paper develops the underlying theory of non-linear descriptor systems, and briefly indicates some areas of application.
The social psychology of Chinese philosophical creativity: A critical synthesis

(1988). The social psychology of Chinese philosophical creativity: A critical synthesis. Social Epistemology: Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 283-295.
In Memoriam: Theodore R. Sarbin

Theodore R. Sarbin, Professor Emeritus of Psychology and Criminology at the University of California at Santa Cruz, died after a brief illness on August 31, 2005, at his home in Carmel, California....
Development of a clinical model for ex vivo expansion of multiple populations of effector cells for adoptive cellular therapy

BackgroundWe have previously demonstrated a laboratory model for expanding autologous mononuclear cells into populations of effector killer cells. The goal of the current experiments was to develop a good manufacturing practice (GMP) method for expanding clinical-grade activated effector cells that mediate tumor cell killing through various mechanisms that could be infused into patients following high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant.MethodsMobilized mononuclear cells (MNC) from myeloma patients were placed in culture with serum-free AIM V media, interleukin-2 (1000 IU/mL) and OKT-3 (500 ng/mL) at 37°C and 5% CO2. After 7 days of expansion, the cells were analyzed for cell concentration, viability, phenotype and cytotoxicity directed against human myeloma cell lines. Expansion was compared using culture bags and flasks. Cryopreserved expanded cells were also analyzed.ResultsThis clinical model of ex vivo expansion yielded polyclonal populations of cytotoxic lymphocytes, including CD3+...
Annual cycle, species diversity and succession of phytoplankton in lower Saronicos Bay, Aegean Sea

Phytoplankton cycles of lower Saronicos Bay, Aegean Sea, are described on the basis of net samples collected during 1967. The annual cycle is largely due to changes in diatom concentrations (cells/liter). The diatom summer poverty is due mainly to high light intensities, phosphate depletion and extensive grazing. The species succession and diversity have been examined, and the results are discussed.
Phosphorus‐31 NMR studies of polymer‐supported highly reactive copper reagents

The chemistry of highly reactive zerovalent copper species represents an active area of research. Recently, active metal chemistry has been successfully accomplished using polymer-supported triphenylphosphine–copper(I) coordination complexes as precursors. Since the materials are solids, detailed examination of the reagents at vaious stages of chemical reaction can be problematic, since the primary means of examination has historically been proton, 13C and 31P NMR methods. In this study, cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) experiments, combined with 31P T1 relaxation measurements (via proton cross-polarization), provided data which allowed the determination of the role of the phosphine species in the overall chemistry of these materials. Although it is known that the type of phosphine affects the chemistry, it was found here that there is no observable interaction between the reduced copper species and the polymer-supported triphenylphosphine.
Regulators of bacterial responses to nitric oxide

Nitric oxide (NO) is an intermediate of the respiratory pathway known as denitrification, and is a by-product of anaerobic nitrite respiration in the enteric Bacteria. Pathogens are also exposed to NO inside host phagocytes, and possibly in other host niches as well. In recent years it has become apparent that there are multiple regulatory systems in prokaryotes that mediate responses to NO exposure. Owing to its reactivity, NO also has the potential to perturb the activities of other regulatory proteins, which are not necessarily directly involved in the response to NO. This review describes the current state of understanding of regulatory systems that respond to NO. An emerging trend is the predominance of iron proteins among the known physiological NO sensors.
Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer observations of water vapor and carbon monoxide

The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft began taking observations in September 2006 and has now collected more than a full Martian year of data. Retrievals performed using the near-infrared spectra obtained by CRISM are used to characterize the seasonal and spatial variation of the column abundance of water vapor and the column-averaged mixing ratio of carbon monoxide. CRISM retrievals show nominal behavior in water vapor during northern hemisphere spring and summer with maximum abundance reaching 50 precipitable micrometers. Water vapor abundance during the southern hemisphere spring and summer appears significantly reduced compared to observations by other instruments taken during previous years. The CRISM retrievals show the seasonally and globally averaged carbon monoxide mixing ratio to be 700 ppm, but with strong seasonal variations at high latitudes. The summertime near-polar carbon monoxide mixing ratio falls to 200 ppm in the south and 400 ppm in the north as carbon dioxide sublimates from the seasonal polar ice caps and dilutes noncondensable species including carbon monoxide. At low latitudes, the carbon monoxide mixing ratio varies in response to the mean seasonal cycle of surface pressure.
The instructional development specialist as consultant

Successful instructional developers, as well as their clients and employers, are coming to realize that in addition to conceptual and technical ID skills, appropriate interpersonal “people” skills to cultivate an on-going collaborative relationship with the client are required for development efforts to succeed. This article views developer-client interaction from the perspective of the consultation process. It reviews the current level of knowledge about consulting skills as it applies to ID, summarizing and relating six theory- and research-based and six practical, intuition-based conceptions of the consulting process itself; consulting styles; client styles; necessary consulting skills; and training approaches for consulting skills. The article concludes with an analysis of four areas in which more inquiry regarding the ID consulting process is needed.
Effects of color on aroma, flavor and texture judgments of foods

Twenty-nine subjects judged the aroma, flavor and texture of five pairs of foods that were normally colored and either uncolored or inappropriately colored. Subjects were tested during conditions of hunger and satiation and approximately half of the subjects were blindfolded during both test sessions. The data revealed that, in general, appropriately colored foods were perceived to have a stronger intensity and better quality aroma and flavor. The effects of color were significant only for aroma judgments although the same trend was evident for flavor judgments. The state of hunger significantly influenced flavor but not aroma judgments but the pattern of changes did not appear to be related to food color. Judgments of texture quality were not affected by the experimental manipulations.
Scarlett Doesn't Live Here Anymore: Southern Women in the Civil War Era

"Scarlett Doesn't Live Here Anymore" is a dramatic history of the South in the years leading up to and following the Civil War: a history that focuses on the women, black and white, rich and poor, who made up the fabric of southern life before the war and remade themselves and their world after it. Positing the household as the central institution of southern society, Edwards delineates the inseparable links between domestic relations and civil and political rights in ways that highlight women's active political role throughout the nineteenth century. She draws on diaries, letters, newspaper accounts, government records, legal documents, court proceedings, and other primary sources to explore the experiences and actions of individual women in the changing South, demonstrating how family, kin, personal reputation, and social context all merged with gender, race, and class to shape what particular women could do in particular circumstances. Meet Harriet Jacobs, the escaped slave who hid in a tiny, unheated attic on her master's property for seven years until she could free her children and herself. Marion Singleton Deveaux Converse, the southern belle who leaped out a second-story window to escape her second husband's "discipline" and received temporary shelter from her slaves. Sarah Guttery, a white, poor, unwed mother of two, whose hard work and clean living earned her community's respect despite her youthful transgressions. Aunt Lucy, who led her fellow slaves in taking over her master's abandoned plantation and declared herself the new mistress. Through vivid portraits of these and other slaves, free blacks, common whites, and the white elite, Edwards shows how women's domestic situations determined their lives before the war and their responses to secession and armed conflict. She also documents how women of various classes entered into the process of rebuilding, asserting new rights and exploring new roles after the war.An ideal basic text on society in the Civil War era, "Scarlett Doesn't Live Here Anymore" demonstrates how women on every step of the social ladder worked actively throughout the period to shape southern society in ways that fulfilled their hopes for the future. They used the resources at their disposal to fashion their own positive identities, to create the social bonds that sustained them in difficult times, and to express powerful social critiques that helped them make sense of their lives.
Latina Faculty Transcending Barriers: Peer Mentoring in a Hispanic-serving Institution

In this article, the authors conducted a research metasynthesis of publications by a group of Latina tenure-track faculty participating in a peer mentoring group, the Research for the Educational Advancement of Latin@s (REAL) collaborative, housed in one Hispanic Serving Institution. Due to the small representation of Latinas in the academy, the significance of non-hierarchical peer-mentoring structures is observed as empowering Latina faculty to develop personal and/or professional transformation. We asked, “What peer mentoring strategies can Latina faculty employ to navigate academia?” These faculty members’ experiences in building a scholarly community pose a counter-narrative to the historical isolation of underrepresented faculty in academia and suggest possibilities for women faculty of color to construct a personal and professional community in the academy.
Optical Surface Evaluation By Soft X-Ray Scattering

During the fabrication of the mirrors for the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE), methods for evaluating the surface quality of the optics have been developed. Measurement of soft X-ray scattering profiles allows for the determination of the surface roughness and correlation lengths for highly polished metal surfaces. With this method, the surface parameters for one of the Wolter Schwarzschild type I mirrors that had been fabricated for the EUVE mission have been determined. The techniques employed, the theoretical basis for the method, and the data that had been taken are presented. The measurements show that the best mirrors have a surface roughness of 20A rms or less.
Programmed Outcome Research Teams (PORTs) and implications for clinical practice.

The spiraling cost of health care has created a health care crisis. Concerns about the appropriate use of expensive medical technologies have been heightened by health services research studies that demonstrate widespread and dramatic geographic variability in the use of tests and procedures. The Agency for Health Care Policy and Research has funded 14 Programmed Outcome Research Teams (PORTs) targeted at specific disease entities. The PORT in ischemic heart disease is examining 2 principal decisions--which patients should undergo cardiac catheterization and, following catheterization, how patients should be treated. The PORT in ischemic heart disease combines information from the literature, 18 databases, and patient preference studies in models examining these 2 decisions. The databases have also been used to develop statistical models that estimate outcomes with different therapies. The benefit of a therapy in a population can be illustrated using an empirically derived, marginal value curve that describes the expected improvement in outcome (e.g., survival) that accrues with additional procedures performed in patients who are most likely to benefit.