cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Extensive DNA polymorphism at the factor XIIIa (F13A) locus and linkage to HLA.

A 1,161-bp EcoRI fragment from the 5' end of the cDNA coding for human factor XIIIa (gene symbol F13A) was used to identify RFLPs in human DNAs. Several different RFLPs were identified with 15 different restriction enzymes. Two RFLPs detected with the restriction enzyme BamHI and one multiallelic RFLP detected with BclI were used for further studies. Linkage relationships between these three polymorphisms and the HLA complex were studied in DNA samples from the 40 Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain families. Combining all of the data to form highly informative haplotypes, we found linkage to HLA with a maximum lod score of 11.44 at a recombination fraction of .25 for males and .35 for females. These three RFLPs at the FXIIIa locus provide a highly informative marker for the short arm of chromosome 6 with an observed heterozygosity of 91%. Using this marker and the HLA locus, one can confirm or exclude the assignment of gene loci to most of chromosome 6p.
Countering murphy's law: the use of anticipation and improvisation via an episodic memory in support of intelligent robot behavior

Recently in robotics, substantial efforts have been invested on critical applications such as military, nursing, and search-and-rescue. These applications are critical in a sense that the robots may directly deal with human lives in life-or-death situations, and they are therefore required to make highly intelligent decisions as rapidly as possible. The intelligence we are looking for in this type of situations is proactiveness: the ability to anticipate and improvise. Anticipation here means that the robot can assess the current situation, predict the future consequence of the situation, and execute an action to have desired outcome based on the determined assessment and prediction. On the other hand, improvisation is performed when the consequence of the situation is not fully known. In other words, it is the ability to deal with a novel situation based on knowledge or skill being acquired before. In this dissertation, we introduce a biologically inspired computational model of proactive intelligent behavior for robots. Integrating multiple levels of machine learning techniques such as temporal difference learning, instance-based learning, and partially observable Markov decision process, aggregated episodic memories are processed in order to accomplish anticipation as well as improvisation. How this model can be implemented within a software architectural framework and integrated into a physically realized robotic system is also explained. The experimental results using a real robot and high fidelity 3D simulators are then presented in order to help us understand how extended experience of a robot influences its ability to behave proactively.
One Motor, Two Degrees of Freedom Through Dynamic Response Switching

To minimize weight and cost, it is sometimes desirable to power multiple functions with a single actuator. In this letter, we present a new mechanism for powering two degrees of freedom with a single motor. We introduce a method, termed dynamic response switching (DRS), in which the actuator can drive either of two outputs, forward or backward. Switching is accomplished by briefly dropping the speed below a threshold at a particular orientation. Hence, a wide range of speeds above the threshold is available for both degrees of freedom. We demonstrate the performance available with this device in a proof-of-concept prototype.
Parent conflict as a mediator between marianismo beliefs and depressive symptoms for Mexican American college women.

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine how marianismo is related to the depressive symptoms of Mexican American women with family conflict as a mediator. Participants: During January of 2010, 170 Mexican American women college students in a southern, Hispanic-serving institution were sampled. Methods: A mediation analysis was conducted to determine if parent conflict mediates the relationship between marianismo values and depressive symptoms. Results: Results from Barron and Kenny's1 mediation analysis method, in conjunction with a Sobel2 test indicated that parent conflict significantly mediated the relation between marianismo and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Findings and implications of the mediation will be discussed for the mental health and treatment of Mexican American women college students.
Margaret Cavendish and the Romance of Contract

All things by war are in a Chaos hurl'd But love alone first made, And still preserves the world. — Alexander Brome I have heard [William Cavendish] say several times, that his love to his gracious master King Charles the Second was above the love he bore to his wife, children, and all his posterity, nay, to his own life: and when, since his return into England, I answered him that I observed his gracious master did not love him so well as he loved him; he replied, that he cared not whether his Majesty loved him again or not; for he was resolved to love him. — The Life of William, Duke of Newcastle
Rate and complications of adult epilepsy surgery in North America: Analysis of multiple databases.

Epilepsy surgery is under-utilized, but recent studies reach conflicting conclusions regarding whether epilepsy surgery rates are currently declining, increasing, or remaining steady. However, data in these prior studies are biased toward high-volume epilepsy centers, or originate from sources that do not disaggregate various procedure types. All major epilepsy surgery procedures were extracted from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Part B National Summary Data File and the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Procedure rates, trends, and complications were analyzed, and patient-level predictors of postoperative adverse events were identified. Between 2000–2013, 6200 cases of epilepsy surgery were identified. Temporal lobectomy was the most common procedure (59% of cases), and most did not utilize electrocorticography (63–64%). Neither temporal nor extratemporal lobe epilepsy surgery rates changed significantly during the study period, suggesting no change in utilization. Adverse events, including major and minor complications, occurred in 15.3% of temporal lobectomies and 55.6% of hemispherectomies. Our findings suggest stagnant rates of both temporal and extratemporal lobe epilepsy surgery across U.S. surgical centers over the past decade. This finding contrasts with prior reports suggesting a recent dramatic decline in temporal lobectomy rates at high-volume epilepsy centers. We also observed higher rates of adverse events when both low- and high-volume centers were examined together, as compared to reports from high-volume centers alone. This is consistent with the presence of a volume-outcome relationship in epilepsy surgery.
Cuban Migration to the United States in a Post-Normalized Relations World

Relations between Cuba and the United States have ebbed and flowed between outright hostility and friendship. Recently, major steps have been taken by both countries to put the Cold War past behind them and work toward a sustainable relationship for the future. As economic and political relations between the two neighbors improve, it is imperative that immigration policy be part of the transitional process. Cubans have enjoyed special immigration status for half a century largely as a result of the Cold War. The process of economic normalization must include a normalization of immigration policy, phasing-out the unnecessary and unfair favoritism that is a vestige of a long-gone era of our history.
Celibate Gay Christians: Sexual Identity and Religious Beliefs and Practices:

The purpose of the study is to explore the experiences of gay Christians who choose celibacy. Chief milestone events, beliefs and attitudes toward God and faith, as well as participants' experiences of church climate toward gay Christians were assessed through a structured interview. Eight interviews were analyzed, using grounded theory methodology and consensual qualitative analysis to identify several salient themes.
Abstract 29: Porcine Decellularized Heart Tissue Enhance the Expression of Contractile Proteins in Human Cardiomyocytes and Differentiated Cardiac Progenitor Cells

Tissue engineering is an evolving tool for repair of cardiovascular damage, in particular after myocardial infarction. Currently, most studies are focused on providing gel or thin synthetic matrice...
The Association Among Overweight, Obesity, and Low Back Pain in U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of the 2015 National Health Interview Survey

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the association between obesity (via body mass index [BMI]) and presence of low back pain (LBP) in a representative sample of US adults, aged ≥18 years. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from 32 060 respondents to the 2015 National Health Interview Survey. Body mass index (kg/m2) was calculated using reported height and weight and expressed as normal weight ( Results Findings suggest a statistically significant association between BMI categories and LBP. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of LBP in overweight and obese participants were higher than those in normal weight participants: 1.21 (1.11-1.32) and 1.55 (1.44-1.67), respectively. Both sex and race/ethnicity statistically significantly modified the association between BMI and LBP. Compared with normal weight white men (reference), odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of LBP were higher among obese white men, obese white women, and obese nonwhite women (1.28 [1.10, 1.48], 1.58 [1.36, 1.84], and 1.36 [1.16, 1.60], respectively), and lower in overweight, nonwhite men, and normal weight nonwhite men and women (0.80 [0.68, 0.94], 0.62 [0.51, 0.76], and 0.73 [0.61, 0.87], respectively). Conclusion Overweight and obesity were associated with increased odds of LBP. However, the measures of associations varied in magnitude and direction by race and sex groups.
Long-term uveal and capsular biocompatibility of a novel modular intraocular lens system

Background We evaluated the long-term biocompatibility and safety of a new modular posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) system in rabbit eyes. Methods Seven New Zealand rabbits underwent bilateral phacoemulsification with placement of the modular IOL in OD and a control IOL (SA60AT) in OS. Slit-lamp examinations were performed at postoperative weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 and months 3 and 6. All rabbits were then sacrificed and eyes enucleated. The eyes were examined grossly from the Miyake-Apple view. Selected IOLs were explanted and underwent surface staining for implant cytology. All globes were then sectioned and processed for histopathological examination. Results The modular IOL remained stable in all seven rabbits through the entire follow-up period. Biocompatibility was better than the control lens at six months postoperatively, on account of less extensive synechiae formation as assessed by slit-lamp examination. At the six-week examination, posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was significantly better in the test group (scored as 1.71 ± 0.8 versus 3.28 ± 0.48 in the control group, p = 0.0008). On gross examination with the Miyake-Apple view, Soemmering's ring formation was significantly better in the test group, (5.14 ± 1.57 versus 10.85 ± 1.95 in the control group, p = 0.002). Conclusion Previous studies showed that explantation/exchange of the modular system optic was safer and easier than with a standard IOL. The new modular IOL system has demonstrated better long-term biocompatibility compared to the control lens at six months postoperatively in the rabbit model.
Rationale for treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in end-stage renal disease patients who are not kidney transplant candidates

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a common problem in patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality and lower quality of life. The major causes of HCV-associated mortality are liver and cardiovascular-related death. HCV-infected HD patients have a higher prevalence of inflammation-related metabolic and vascular diseases, leading to high rates of cardiovascular mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. In the current era of highly effective direct-acting antiviral regimens, HCV treatment may also confer hepatic, cardiovascular and other morbidity and mortality benefits even to dialysis-dependent patients who do not qualify for kidney transplantation. Currently, the most accepted regimens in this patient population include elbasvir/grazoprevir and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir.
Tile Creation using Vector Data

This chapter discusses the use of vector data as the primary source data when creating tile rather than imagery.
Effects of ACE inhibition on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in dogs with heart failure

Cardiomyocyte apoptosis or programmed cell death has been shown to occur in end-stage explanted failed human hearts and in dogs with chronic heart failure (HF). We tested the hypothesis that early ...
An Assessment of Approximate Maximum Likelihood Estimators in Generalized Linear Mixed Models

Generalized linear mixed models provide useful methods for estimating within-cluster associations of covariates with the expected value of the response for data gathered in clusters or groups. These models assume that, conditional on a vector of cluster-specific parameters, the responses within a given cluster follow a generalized linear model. The model further assumes that the cluster-specific parameters follow a distribution, typically multivariate normal with unknown mean vector and covariance matrix. Since the calculation of the unconditional likelihood typically involves intractable integrals, several authors have proposed approximate maximum likelihood procedures. Breslow and Clayton (1993) approximated integrals using Laplace’s method while Longford (1994) proposed Taylor series approximations of the likelihood. This paper examines the performance of these approximate methods. We present several examples to show that these approximate estimates more closely resemble population-averaged (marginal) estimates than the actual mixed-effects model maximum likelihood estimates.
Fate of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Turkey Breast Rolls Formulated with Antimicrobials Following E-Beam Irradiation

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of antimicrobials on the survival and proliferation of L. monocytogenes in turkey breast rolls following electronbeam irradiation. Six antimicrobial additive treatments that include no preservatives (control), 0.1% potassium benzoate (PB), 2% sodium lactate (SL), 0.1% potassium benzoate plus 2% sodium lactate (PB+SL), 2% sodium lactate plus 0.1% sodium diacetate (SL+SDA), and 0.1% potassum benzoate, 2% sodium lactate and 0.1% sodium diacetate (PB+SL+SDA) were used. Sliced turkey breast rolls were artificially inoculated with ~10 6 CFU/cm 2 five-strain- L. monocytogenes cocktails, then vacuum-packaged and irradiated at 0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5 kGy. D10 values for breast rolls with various additive treatments ranged from 0.56 to 0.58 kGy. Adding PB (0.1%) or SL (2%) in turkey rolls failed to prevent L. monocytogenes from growing during refrigerated storage. In turkey rolls added with two (PB+SL or SL+SDA) or three (PB+SL+SDA) antimicrobial combinations had 2 or 3 weeks of lag phases before L. monocytogenes growth, respectively. Irradiating turkey rolls, which were added with PB+SL or SL+SDA, at 1.0 kGy was effective in suppressing the growth of L. monocytogenes for about six weeks when stored at 4 °C. No growth of L. monocytogenes after irradiation occurred during 42 d storage for 2.0 kGy irradiated breast rolls formulated with 0.1%PB+2%SL, 2%SL+0.1%SDA or 0.1%PB+2%SL+ 0.1%SDA, and 1.0 kGy irradiated turkey breast with 0.1% PB + 2% SL + 0.1% SDA. Sensory panelists found that low-dose irradiation (1.0 kGy) had no effect on the sensory characteristics of RTE turkey breast rolls. Including SL+SDA had slightly negative effect for nonirradiated turkey breast rolls, but the sensory characteristics of 1.0 kGy irradiated turkey roll containing SL+SDA was not significantly different from the others receiving 1.0kGy irradiation. For microbial safety, PB+SL and SL+ SDA antimicrobial treatments combined with 1.0 kGy or 2.0 kGy irradiation are a promising technology.
Modulation of Ca V 1.3b L-type calcium channels by M 1 muscarinic receptors varies with Ca V β subunit expression

We examined whether two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), muscarinic M1 receptors (M1Rs) and dopaminergic D2 receptors (D2Rs), utilize endogenously released fatty acid to inhibit L-type Ca2+ channels, CaV1.3. HEK-293 cells, stably transfected with M1Rs, were used to transiently transfect D2Rs and CaV1.3b with different CaVβ-subunits, allowing for whole-cell current measurement from a pure channel population. M1R activation with Oxotremorine-M inhibited currents from CaV1.3b coexpressed with α2δ-1 and a β1b, β2a, β3, or β4-subunit. Surprisingly, the magnitude of inhibition was less with β2a than with other CaVβ-subunits. Normalizing currents revealed kinetic changes after modulation with β1b, β3, or β4, but not β2a-containing channels. We then examined if D2Rs modulate CaV1.3b when expressed with different CaVβ-subunits. Stimulation with quinpirole produced little inhibition or kinetic changes for CaV1.3b coexpressed with β2a or β3. However, quinpirole inhibited N-type Ca2+ currents in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating functional expression of D2Rs. N-current inhibition by quinpirole was voltage-dependent and independent of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), whereas a PLA2 antagonist abolished M1R-mediated N-current inhibition. These findings highlight the specific regulation of Ca2+ channels by different GPCRs. Moreover, tissue-specific and/or cellular localization of CaV1.3b with different CaVβ-subunits could fine tune the response of Ca2+ influx following GPCR activation.
Addiction to debt forgiveness in developing countries: Consequences and who gets picked?

We explore whether the expectation of debt forgiveness discourages developing countries from attaining sustainable fiscal independence through improving their tax effort. While the international financial community advises poor countries to improve revenue mobilization, the same international community routinely bails out poor countries that fail to meet their loan repayment obligations, among other reasons as a result of the low tax effort they exercise. The act of bailing out creates an expectation about receiving debt forgiveness time and again in the future. The key prediction of our theoretical framework is that in the presence of debt forgiveness, countries’ tax efforts will decline and more so the higher the intensity of the bailouts. We test this proposition using data for 55 countries from 1995 to 2015. We find that debt forgiveness is significant in lowering tax effort. In addressing the potential of reverse causality, we also find that the international financial community has been more forgiving to countries that exert lower tax effort. These results, which are robust to various specifications, have significant policy implications for donor and recipient countries.
Cytotoxic Leaf Essential Oils from Neotropical Lauraceae: Synergistic Effects of Essential Oil Components

The leaf essential oils of Beilschmiedia sp. nov. “chancho blanco”, Cinnamomum costaricanum, Ocotea meziana, Ocotea sp. nov. “los llanos” and Ocotea sp. nov. “small leaf” showed notable in-vitro cy...
Metabolomic Applications in Radiation Biodosimetry

Metabolomics, the collective assessment and quantification of small molecules in a given biofluid or tissue sample, has provided new ways in evaluating an individual's exposure level to ionizing radiation or other genotoxic stressors. Protocols that are routinely utilized for the preparation of samples from rodents to patients are presented here in order to be analyzed by high-throughput liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. These protocols are based on established methods in our laboratory that have been used extensively in radiation biodosimetry through metabolomics. These protocols are focused on general profiling of samples and therefore do not concentrate on extraction of specific classes on metabolites (e.g., eicosanoids).
DEFINIÇÃO DE OBJETIVOS INSTRUCIONAIS DE APRENDIZAGEM - UMA PROPOSTA SOB O OLHAR DAS COMPETÊNCIAS

O presente artigo trata do ensino por competencias e apresenta uma proposta de definicao dos objetivos instrucionais relativos a essa pratica em um polo de educacao numa Universidade Corporativa (UC) de empresa publica federal. Realizou-se pesquisa bibliografica de cunho qualitativo, utilizando-se como referencia teorica a Taxonomia de Bloom revisada e os conceitos de competencias, habilidades e atitudes, de forma articulada. Apresenta uma proposta metodologica para o desenvolvimento dos discentes baseada nas etapas taxonomicas: lembrar, entender, aplicar, analisar, sintetizar e criar e no uso de situacoes-problema. O trabalho revela que essa e uma construcao desafiadora e que surge como ponto de partida para um novo olhar sobre a pratica docente, aplicavel a quaisquer esferas educacionais da educacao superior.
Manganese Nanoparticles Control Salinity-Modulated Molecular Responses in Capsicum annuum L. through Priming: A Sustainable Approach for Agriculture

The application of nanomaterials as a method to overcome plant stress and increase crop yield is relatively new as compared to the use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production. In t...
Using Process Based Snow Modeling and Lidar to Predict the Effects of Forest Thinning on the Northern Sierra Nevada Snowpack

Reductions in snow accumulation and melt in headwater basins are increasing the water stress on forest ecosystems across the western US. Forest thinning has the potential to reduce water stress by decreasing sublimation losses from canopy interception; however, it can also increase snowpack exposure to sun and wind. We used the high-resolution (1 m) energy and mass balance Snow Physics and Lidar Mapping (SnowPALM) model to investigate the effect of two virtual forest thinning scenarios on the snowpack of two adjacent watersheds (54 km2 total) in the Lake Tahoe Basin, California, where forest thinning is being planned. SnowPALM realistically represents small-scale snow-forest interactions to simulate the impact of virtual thinning experiments in which trees 3 m2/m2 and 5 to 15-m tall show the largest increases in snow accumulation (up to 450 mm) and melt volume (up to 650 mm). Despite the role of tree- and stand-scale thinning on snowmelt, macroscale effects were limited to slightly larger increases in melt volumes at mid to low elevation slopes (<2,300 masl) and south facing areas per unit of LAI removed. A decision support tool using machine learning (random forest) was developed to synthesize SnowPALM results, and was applied to neighboring watersheds. These results will inform ongoing forest management practices in California, and improve our understanding of the effects of snow-forest interactions at scales relevant to water management.
The quest to identify the mechanism underlying adrenergic regulation of cardiac Ca2+ channels.

Activation of protein kinase A by cyclic AMP results in a multi-fold upregulation of CaV1.2 currents in the heart, as originally reported in the 1970's and 1980's. Despite considerable interest and...
Longitudinal Relations of Obsessive Beliefs, Obsessions, and Compulsions During Treatment for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

This study examined the temporal relations between obsessive beliefs, obsessions, and compulsions during treatment. Gaining a better understanding of these relations may inform targets for improving treatment response. We hypothesized that our results would support the goal-directed model of OCD whereby obsessive beliefs at time t, predict obsessions at time t + 1, which then predict compulsions at time t + 2. Participants were adults receiving intensive/residential treatment (IRT) for OCD (N = 446). Time points examined were admission, weeks 2 and 4, and discharge, utilizing a random intercepts cross-lagged panel model. Results supported the reciprocal model of OCD, wherein both the goal-directed and habit-driven models coexist. Most of the significant paths between OCD symptoms were found early in treatment between weeks 2 and 4. These findings offer unique information regarding the temporal precedence of these relations, and they are consistent with prior cognitive models of OCD. The importance of targeting both obsessive beliefs and compulsions is highlighted by these findings. Future research would benefit from investigating moderators of OCD models.
Antagonism in mixtures of glufosinate + glyphosate and glufosinate + clethodim on grasses

Proper management of glufosinate in glufosinate-resistant crop technologies is needed to mitigate the likelihood of resistance evolution. Antagonism may result from mixtures of glufosinate and other commonly used POST herbicides in soybean and cotton. Two experiments were conducted at the Arkansas Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, AR, in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate mixtures of glufosinate + clethodim and glufosinate + glyphosate on barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, johnsongrass, and large crabgrass. Furthermore, droplet spectra analyses were conducted to determine if droplet size was associated with identification of herbicide interactions. Antagonism was dependent on the herbicide rates and the weed species. For barnyardgrass and large crabgrass control 4 wk after treatment, glufosinate + glyphosate was antagonistic at all rates evaluated. When large crabgrass was evaluated, some mixtures (e.g., 595 g ha–1 glufosinate + 76 g ha–1 clethodim) had a significant reduction in control relative to one of the herbicides applied alone. Glufosinate (451 and 595 g ai ha–1) + glyphosate (867 and 1,735 g ae ha–1) was antagonistic at all four possible rate combinations for broadleaf signalgrass control. Fewer instances of antagonism were observed for seedling johnsongrass control than for other species, but certain treatments were identified as antagonistic (e.g., glufosinate at 451 g ai ha–1 + clethodim at 76 g ai ha–1). Overall, antagonism was less likely and greater control was observed when the highest rates of both herbicides in a given mixture were used. The addition of glyphosate or clethodim to glufosinate can increase the volume median diameter and decrease the percentage volume of fines, compared to glufosinate alone. The droplet spectra analyses indicate that the glufosinate performance may be negatively affected by the addition of glyphosate or clethodim.Nomenclature: Clethodim; glyphosate; glufosinate; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.; broadleaf signalgrass, Urochloa platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash; johnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.; large crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis L.; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.
A Deeper Look Into Next Generation Active Learning Designs for Educational Leader Preparation

Although active learning designs are recognized as elemental to stronger learning designs, there is limited literature on active learning pedagogical approaches for use in educational leader prepar...
Direct, stereoselective thioglycosylation enabled by an organophotoredox radical strategy

While strategies involving a 2e− transfer pathway have dictated glycosylation development, the direct glycosylation of readily accessible glycosyl donors as radical precursors is particularly appealing because of high radical anomeric selectivity and atom- and step-economy. However, the development of the radical process has been challenging owing to notorious competing reduction, elimination and/or SN side reactions of commonly used, labile glycosyl donors. Here we introduce an organophotocatalytic strategy through which glycosyl bromides can be efficiently converted into corresponding anomeric radicals by photoredox mediated HAT catalysis without a transition metal or a directing group and achieve highly anomeric selectivity. The power of this platform has been demonstrated by the mild reaction conditions enabling the synthesis of challenging α-1,2-cis-thioglycosides, the tolerance of various functional groups and the broad substrate scope for both common pentoses and hexoses. Furthermore, this general approach is compatible with both sp2 and sp3 sulfur electrophiles and late-stage glycodiversification for a total of 50 substrates probed.
Using a Job-Matching Assessment to Inform Skills to Target with Video Prompting

Job-matching assessments have been used to pair potential employees with jobs that align with their interest and skill. The objective of this study was to explore whether these assessments could be used to identify target skills that, once acquired, could increase the job match potential. We used a teacher-as-rater vocational fit assessment (VFA) job-matching report in the pre-intervention session to identify skills the teacher perceived as needing intervention and conducted the VFA again during the post-intervention session to evaluate the effects of intervention in modifying the rating of the VFA. This study utilized a multiple baseline across participants’ design to evaluate the effectiveness of video prompting to teach three transition-age students with intellectual and developmental disabilities to sort library books. The results indicated that video prompting was effective in teaching students the target skill. However, three participants learned the target skill to different degrees. Two students were able to generalize the skills while the third student did not meet the skill mastery criteria during the intervention phase needed to move on to generalization. Based on the post-intervention VFA reports, the teacher’s perception of student skill only changed for one participant. It was concluded that while the intervention was effective in teaching the targeted skill, there was less impact on the VFA outcomes.
The Misadventures of Daring Dave: Leverage and Investment Returns

Daring Dave is a focused niche case used in Darden's second year elective "Securities Markets in Action" where students need to understand the power and impact of leverage and margin requirements on investor performance. This case would also work well in case-based investments courses and courses on financial trading. This case considers the return and liquidity effects of leverage on investment returns for novice investor, Daring Dave, in a single equity security. Through a play-by-play description of Dave's investment experience over a single week, students are introduced to the mechanics of trading on margin, margin calls, and the value of liquidity for risky, levered positions. Excerpt UVA-F-1686 Rev. Jan. 31, 2014 THE MISADVENTURES OF DARING DAVE: LEVERAGE AND INVESTMENT RETURNS American jousting legend David Malory was preparing to charge Wall Street. Raised on a farm in southern Indiana, crowned midwestern champion on the semiprofessional U.S. tilting (ring jousting) circuit, and undefeated in two score tournaments over five winters, he was known as “Daring Dave,” and many a tale was told of his valor and cunning. At the top of his game, Dave had retired from tilting at rings to seek glory in a more lucrative field—stock investing. With characteristic resolve, Dave sold his horse, suits of armor and regalia, lances, and other gear for just over $ 100,000, upon which he promptly relocated to New York City and threw himself into the study of equity prices. Within two weeks, he believed that he had a firm grasp on the mechanics of security trading. . . .
Applications of High Resolution Deconvolution Techniques to Ultrasonic NDE

The technique of ultrasonic pulse echo measurement is a very cost-effective method of NDE (Non-Destructive Evaluation). These measurements are, however, usually masked by the characteristics of the measuring instruments and the propagation paths taken by the ultrasonic pulses. With a proper modeling of the pulse echo, these effects can be reduced by deconvolution. In this paper, several high resolution deconvolution algorithms that have been popularly used in other areas such as seismic explorations are revised and adapted to ultrasonic NDE applications. Simulation results are presented to support the feasibility of using these algorithms to extract impulse responses from the ultrasonic pulse echoes for use in defect classifications. The performances and computational complexities of these algorithms are analyzed and compared. In addition, application of these deconvolution techniques to B-scan enhancement is also discussed.
Efficient Deterministic Algorithms for Embedding Graphs on Books

We derive deterministic polynomial time algorithms for book embedding of a graph G = (V, E), ¦V¦ = n and ¦E¦ = m. In particular, we present the first deterministic polynomial time algorithm to embed any bipartite graph in \(O(\sqrt m )\)pages. We then use this algorithm to embed, in polynomial time, any graph G in \(O(\sqrt {\delta ^ * (G) \cdot m} )\)pages, where δ*(G) is the largest minimum degree over all subgraphs of G. Our algorithms are obtained by derandomizing the probabilistic proofs.
Organogallium compounds—III: The heat of dissociation of triethyl and trivinylgallium addition compounds

Abstract The heat of vaporization of triethylgallium-trimethylamine (I) (12·3 kcal/mole) and trivinylgallium-trimethylamine (II) (11·9 kcal/mole) have been measured. The heat of dissociation of I has been determined by gas phase dissociation measurements (17·2 kcal/mole) and by calorimetric techniques (16·9 kcal/mole). These results have been compared to the calorometric values for II (21·0 kcal/mole) and show that trivinylgallium is a stronger Lewis acid. The possible causes for this increased acidity are discussed. The gaseous heat of dissociation for triethylgallium dimethylsulphide (6·0 kcal/mole) confirms the relative base strength of nitrogen and sulphur bases toward gallium compounds.
Novel cyclic «ylide-carbene» complexes. I: Synthesis of 3-(dimethylphenylphosphorane) indolidin-2-ylidene complexes of platinum(II) derived from metal-coordinated phosphonium-substituted isocyanide ligands

Nucleophilic attack of NEt3 on the activated methylene group of the -CH2P+R3 moiety of the platinum(II)-coordinated phosphonium-substituted isocyanides o-(X−+PR3CH2)C6H4NC (X = Cl, BF4 PR3 = PMe2Ph) produces the highly reactive ylide function -C−HP+R3, which rapidly interacts intramolecularly with the metal-coordinated isocyanide group to form novel 5-membered cyclic ylide-substituted complexes of platinum(II) of the general formula LnPtII=CN(H)C6H4C(PMe2Ph) (LnPtII = cis-PtCl2PMe2Ph); trans-PtCl(PR′3)2+, PR′3 = PPh3, PMePh2, PMe2Ph).
Alkalosis resulting from combined administration of a "nonsystemic" antacid and a cation-exchange resin.

Summary The effect upon acid base balance of combined oral administration of cation exchange resins and nonabsorbable antacids was studied. The combination of a sodium polystyrene sulfonate resin with a magnesium hydroxide-containing antacid consistently produced systemic alkalinization. Substitution of calcium phase resin for sodium phase resin resulted in loss of the alkalinizing effect of the regimen. The alkalinization resulted from systemic base accumulation; this effect is probably dependent upon cation exchange properties of the resin altering the usual chemical reactions of magnesium hydroxide in the duodenum and upper jejunum. Systemic alkalinization was also demonstrated when the resin was given with calcium carbonate. It is suggested that reactions similar to those with magnesium hydroxide are involved. These findings support a proposed mechanism explaining the "nonsystemic" nature of certain antacids. They also help to explain certain relations between calcium carbonate ingestion and systemic alkalosis.
Review of Dennis J. Horton, Death and Resurrection: The Shape and Function of a Literary Motif in the Book of Acts. Cambridge: James Clarke and Co., 2009.

This is a book review of Dennis J. Horton, Death and Resurrection: The Shape and Function of a Literary Motif in the Book of Acts . Cambridge: James Clarke and Co., 2009.
COMMENTS ON HADRON MASS DEPENDENCE IN QUARK MODELS.

A modified harmonic-oscillator potential provides dynamics consistent with known empirical information in the nonrelativistic quark model. The composite mass depends linearly on the constituent mass for deviations about the constituent mass in the Dirac quark model.
Bounds on algebraic code capacities for noisy channels. II

Summary It was proved by Ahlswede (1971) that codes whose codewords form a group or even a linear space do not achieve Shannon's capacity for discrete memoryless channels even if the decoding procedure is arbitrary. Sharper results were obtained in Part I of this paper. For practical purposes, one is interested not only in codes which allow a short encoding procedure but also an efficient decoding procedure. Linear codes—the codewords form a linear space and the decoding is done by coset leader decoding — have a fairly efficient decoding procedure. But in order to achieve high rates the following slight generalization turns out to be very useful: We allow the encoder to use a coset of a linear space as a set of codewords. We call these codes shifted linear codes or coset codes. They were implicitly used by Dobrushin (1963) . This new code concept has all the advantages of the previous one with respect to encoding and decoding efficiency and enables us to achieve positive rate on discrete memoryless channels whenever Shannon's channel capacity is positive and the length of the alphabet is less or equal to 5 (Theorem 3.1.1). (The result holds very likely also for all alphabets with a length a = ps, p prime, s positive integer). A disadvantage of the concepts of linear codes and of shifted linear codes is that they can be defined only for alphabets whose length is a prime power. In order to overcome this difficulty, we introduce generalized shifted linear codes. With these codes we can achieve a positive rate on arbitrary discrete memoryless channels if Shannon's capacity is positive (Theorem 3.2.1)
Causal deviance and the attribution of moral responsibility

Abstract Are current theories of moral responsibility missing a factor in the attribution of blame and praise? Four studies demonstrated that even when cause, intention, and outcome (factors generally assumed to be sufficient for the ascription of moral responsibility) are all present, blame and praise are discounted when the factors are not linked together in the usual manner (i.e., cases of “causal deviance”). Experiment 4 further demonstrates that this effect of causal deviance is driven by intuitive gut feelings of right and wrong, not logical deliberation.
Prediction of Stuttering by School-Age Stutterers

Each of 84 stutterers, ranging in age from 8 to 16 years, indicated, before reading aloud each of 50 words, whether or not he expected to stutter when he said each word. The percent of stutterings ...
Examining product and process effects on consumer preferences for online and offline channels

Purpose – This paper seeks to incorporate theories from commodity studies, functional studies, institutional studies, and transaction cost economics, to integrate product and process approaches and simultaneously examine the effects of product and process on consumer preferences for online and offline channels.Design/methodology/approach – The study took a systemic approach. It reviewed the existing literature, proposed a theoretical framework, designed and administrated a measurement instrument, analyzed survey results, and provided implications and conclusions.Findings – In addition to the type of product, the type of transaction process has a significant impact on consumer preferences for online and offline channels.Research limitations/implications – The sample representation was limited to college students. The analysis also assumed the independency of repeated measures on the subjects.Practical implications – This paper will facilitate managers in designing and choosing transaction channels based on...
Modeling of the on-resistance of LDMOS, VDMOS, and VMOS power transistors

Power MOS transistors have recently begun to rival bipolar devices in power-handling capability. This new capability has arisen primarily through the use of double-diffusion techniques to achieve short active channels and the incorporation of a lightly doped drift region between the channel and the drain contact, which largely supports the applied voltage. Many different structures have been proposed to implement these new devices. This paper considers three of the most common-LDMOS, VDMOS, and VMOS. Structural differences which result in on-resistance and transconductance differences between the devices are described. Quantitative models, suitable for device design, are developed for the on-resistance of each type of structure. These models are developed directly from the physical structure (geometry and doping profiles) so that they are useful in optimizing a particular device structure or in quantitatively comparing structures for a particular application.
Quantum Yang-Mills gravity in flat space-time and effective curved space-time for motions of classical objects

Yang-Mills gravity with translational gauge group T(4) in flat space-time implies a simple self-coupling of gravitons and a truly conserved energy-momentum tensor. Its consistency with experiments crucially depends on an interesting property that an “effective Riemannian metric tensor” emerges in and only in the geometric-optics limit of the photon and particle wave equations. We obtain Feynman rules for a coupled graviton-fermion system, including a general graviton propagator with two gauge parameters and the interaction of ghost particles. The equation of motion of macroscopic objects, as an N -body system, is demonstrated as the geometric-optics limit of the fermion wave equation. We discuss a relativistic Hamilton-Jacobi equation with an “effective Riemann metric tensor” for the classical particles.
The spectrum of cardiovascular disease in the elderly

The population is ageing rapidly in the United States. In 1985, there were 28.6 million persons in the United States aged 2 65 years, or 11.9% of the population [l]. By 2040, an estimated 21.6% of the population will be 65 years of age or older [2]. Furthermore, a large percentage of in-hospital and acute care costs is spent on the elderly age group. This 12% of the population currently uses 30% of our national health resources. They use about 25% of all drugs [l]. For these reasons, knowing what diseases are seen in the elderly, how these diseases present clinically, and in what ways these clinical manifestations differ from those seen in younger patients, is of great interest. Also important are the differences in prognosis and response to medical and surgical therapy seen between the elderly and the younger population. The spectrum of clinical cardiac disease in the elderly is determined by several factors. (1) Diseases related to anatomic and physiologic cardiovascular changes of ageing. (2) The frequency and severity of diseases which are increased by greater time of exposure. (3) Diseases which are seen almost exclusively in the elderly. (4) Diseases seen
Mapping Flowering Time Gene Homologs in Soybean and Their Association with Maturity (E) Loci

Time of flowering is a quantitatively inherited character of agronomic importance in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The genetics of flowering time has been extensively studied in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. The first objective of this study was to map onto the soybean genetic map orthologous genes known to be involved in photoperiod recognition and time of flowering in A. thaliana and compare their location with previously mapped flowering time quantitative trait loci (QTL). The second objective was to associate the mapped homologs with maturity (E) loci by means of near isogenic lines (NILs). Three single-cross soybean populations, consisting of two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations and one F 2 population, were used in the mapping study. One RIL population, IX132, was developed by crossing PI 317.336 and 'Corsoy'; the second, IX136, by crossing PI 317.334B and Corsoy. Both plant introductions have been reported to be photoperiod-insensitive while the Corsoy parent has been reported to be photoperiod-sensitive. The RIL populations were previously used to map QTL for flowering time, maturity, and photoperiod-insensitivity in soybean. The F 2 population was developed from an interspecific cross between G. max (breeding line A81-356022) and G. soja (PI 468.916). Eighteen soybean cDNA clones, identified by BLAST to have high similarities with 18 previously cloned A. thaliana flowering time genes, were used as probes in this study. Ten of the 18 cDNA clones were mapped. The cDNAs were mapped onto linkage groups (LGs) A2 (CRY2), Bl and H (COL1), A1 and B2 (PHYA), Cl (DETI and LD), D2 (AP2), E and K (PHYB), F (COL2), L (FCA), and Q (CCA1). None of the cDNAs were directly associated with previously mapped QTL for flowering time. Forty-one NILs and two recurrent parents (RPs) were used in the association study. Analyses of these candidate genes using contrasting NILs showed that the FCA homolog was associated with maturity locus E3. That FCA is a strong gene candidate for maturity locus E3 is further supported by map position and phenotypic data. Analyses of NILs suggest that the soybean homolog PHYB may be associated with maturity locus El. However, current data show they mapped in different LGs.
Efficient and reliable operation of air-side economizers using extremum seeking control

For the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for commercial buildings, there has been a greater demand for reducing energy consumption. The economizers have been developed as a class of energy-saving HVAC devices that may increase the energy efficiency by taking advantage of outdoor air during cool or cold weather. However, many economizers do not operate in the expected manner and waste even more energy than before installation, mostly due to the unreliable sensors and actuators in practice. Better control strategy is needed for optimal and robust operation. In this paper, an extremum seeking control (ESC) based self-optimizing strategy is proposed to minimize the energy consumption, with the feedback of chilled water supply command rather than the temperature and humidity measurements. The mechanical cooling load is minimized by seeking the optimal outdoor-air damper opening in real time. Such scheme does not need temperature and humidity sensors and depends much less on the knowledge of economizer model. Simulation was performed on a Modelica based transient model of a single-duct air-handling unit (AHU) developed with Dymola and AirConditioning Library. The simulation results demonstrated the potential of using ESC to achieve the minimal mechanical cooling load in a self-optimizing manner. In addition, an anti-windup ESC scheme is proposed to handle the ESC windup due to actuator (damper) saturation. The simulation results validated the effectiveness of the proposed anti-windup ESC.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Statistical mechanics for waves in thermal equilibrium

The statistical mechanics of coupled oscillators studied by Ford, Kac, and Mazur [J. Math. Phys. 9 (1965), 504–515] is extended to a statistical mechanics of waves in classical thermal equilibrium.