cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity analysis of conservative and reactive stream transient storage models applied to field data from multiple-reach experiments

The transient storage model (TSM) has been widely used in studies of stream solute transport and fate, with an increasing emphasis on reactive solute transport. In this study we perform sensitivity analyses of a conservative TSM and two different reactive solute transport models (RSTM), one that includes first-order decay in the stream and the storage zone, and a second that considers sorption of a reactive solute on streambed sediments. Two previously analyzed data sets are examined with a focus on the reliability of these RSTMs in characterizing stream and storage zone solute reactions. Sensitivities of simulations to parameters within and among reaches, parameter coefficients of variation, and correlation coefficients are computed and analyzed. Our results indicate that (1) simulated values have the greatest sensitivity to parameters within the same reach, (2) simulated values are also sensitive to parameters in reaches immediately upstream and downstream (inter-reach sensitivity), (3) simulated values have decreasing sensitivity to parameters in reaches farther downstream, and (4) in-stream reactive solute data provide adequate data to resolve effective storage zone reaction parameters, given the model formulations. Simulations of reactive solutes are shown to be equally sensitive to transport parameters and effective reaction parameters of the model, evidence of the control of physical transport on reactive solute dynamics. Similar to conservative transport analysis, reactive solute simulations appear to be most sensitive to data collected during the rising and falling limb of the concentration breakthrough curve.
A.C. electrical conductivity of potassium perchlorate

A.C. electrical conductivity of pottasium perchlorate (KP) has been measured in the temperature range 25–325°C at frequencies ranging from 50–500 Hz using an automated technique. Three regions with activation energies. 1.08 ± 0.02, 0.66 ± 0.01 and 0.39 ± 0.04eV are observed in ln(σT) vs 1/T plots at frequencies < - 50 Hz. Dielectric loss measurements on KP samples doped with CrO42− and SO42− ions show the presence of impurity-vacancy complexes with reorientation energies of 0.99 ±0.02 and 1.07 ± 0.01 eV respectively. The results are interpreted in terms of a defect model which highlights the role of various conduction and relaxation mechanisms in the a.c. electrical properties of the material.
Marcas violentas: colonialismo, muerte y sexo en "El corazón a contraluz" de Patricio Manns

El corazon a contraluz, novela que esta ya en su tercera edicion en frances y en castellano, merecedora de unanimes elogios en Argentina y en Francia, no ha tenido en Chile la atencion critica que merece1. El prologo a la edicion francesa (Cavalier Seul, Phebus, 1996), firmado por Francisco Coloane, sostiene que la obra pudo ser una historia sonada por Stevenson, pero a la cual Borges, Faulkner y Freud hubieran prestado sus suenos y obsesiones2. Leo la referencia a Stevenson como llamada de atencion a las aventuras que se narran, en que el escenario desempena un importante papel. De Borges, el arte de contar, uniendo historia y ficcion en redes intertextuales que citan hechos,
Economic Accountability in Central America

Representative democracy hinges upon the notion of accountabil- ity. We examine the mediating effects of political context on economic ac- countability in a hostile environment - the developing democracies of Cen- tral America. We test whether clarity of responsibility mediates the econ- omy's effects on citizens' support for a president using approval ratings. In general, we find that a good economy increases public support for a presi- dent significantly more under unified government, but surprisingly, we find that a bad economy decreases public support for a president far more under divided government. Dynamic simulations show that these effects become more pronounced during sustained periods of economic expansion or con- traction.
Diversification of CYCLOIDEA-like genes in Dipsacaceae (Dipsacales): implications for the evolution of capitulum inflorescences

CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like genes have been implicated in the development of capitulum inflorescences (i.e. flowering heads) in Asteraceae, where many small flowers (florets) are packed tightly into an inflorescence that resembles a single flower. Several rounds of duplication of CYC-like genes have occurred in Asteraceae, and this is hypothesized to be correlated with the evolution of the capitulum, which in turn has been implicated in the evolutionary success of the group. We investigated the evolution of CYC-like genes in Dipsacaceae (Dipsacales), a plant clade in which capitulum inflorescences originated independently of Asteraceae. Two main inflorescence types are present in Dipsacaceae: (1) radiate species contain two kinds of floret within the flowering head (disk and ray), and (2) discoid species contain only disk florets. To test whether a dynamic pattern of gene duplication, similar to that documented in Asteraceae, is present in Dipsacaceae, and whether these patterns are correlated with different inflorescence types, we inferred a CYC-like gene phylogeny for Dipsacaceae based on representative species from the major lineages. We recovered within Dipsacaceae the three major forms of CYC-like genes that have been found in most core eudicots, and identified several additional duplications within each of these clades. We found that the number of CYC-like genes in Dipsacaceae is similar to that reported for members of Asteraceae and that the same gene lineages (CYC1-like and CYC2B-like genes) have duplicated in a similar fashion independently in both groups. The number of CYC-like genes recovered for radiate versus discoid species differed, with discoid species having fewer copies of CYC1-like and CYC2B-like genes. CYC-like genes have undergone extensive duplication in Dipsacaceae, with radiate species having more copies than discoid species, suggesting a potential role for these genes in the evolution of disk and ray florets. The similarity in CYC-like gene diversification seen in Dipsacaceae and some members of the Asteraceae sets the stage to investigate whether the convergent evolution of capitulum inflorescences in both groups may have been underlain by convergent evolution in the same gene family.
A novel approximate inference approach to automated classification of protein subcellular location patterns in multi-cell images

The subcellular location of proteins is most often determined by visual interpretation of fluorescence microscope images. In recent years, automated systems have been developed so that the protein pattern in a single cell can be objectively and reproducibly assigned to a location category. While these systems perform very well at recognizing all major subcellular structures, some similar patterns are not perfectly distinguished. Our goal here was to improve performance by considering more than one cell in a field. We describe how to construct a graphical model representation for a field of cells while taking into account the characteristics of the cell type being studied. We show that this approach provides improved performance on synthetic multi-cell images in which the true class of each cell is known, and that a new approximate inference method can provide this improved performance with significantly faster computation times than previous approaches.
A Simple Procedure for Covalent Immobilization of NADH in a Soluble and Enzymically Active Form

Using a new and simplified technique for covalent immobilization of adenine nucleotides [Fuller, C. W. and Bright, H. J., J. Biol. Chem. 252, 6631 (1977)], we have prepared immobilized NADH using two water-soluble polymers and tested these preparations for activity with several dehydrogenases. The first polymer used, having a weight-average molecular weight of about 350000, is a copolymer of methacrylyl choline and the epoxide-containing monomer 3-[4-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)butoxy]-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate. Immobilization of NADH onto this copolymer was accomplished in three steps, namely, alkylation of NAD at N-1, reduction of the nicotinamide moiety with dithionite and Dimroth rearrangement of the alkyl linkage from the N-1 to the C-6 amino position. The second copolymer tested was a copolymer of the same epoxide-containing monomer and N-methacrylyl-2-glucosamine. Using this copolymer, immobilization of NADH through the adenine C-6 amino position was accomplished in a single step. Measurements of the steady-state kinetics of five dehydrogenases at pH 7 and pH 9 showed that, on the average, V and Km values obtained with the immobilized NADH were, respectively, about one third and twice those found for the free coenzyme. In general, when compared with the free coenzyme, the immobilized NADH had greater relative enzymic reactivity at pH 9 than at pH 7. The simplicity of this method, the general enzymic reactivity, and the ability to be recycled enzymically suggest that this immobilized NADH may be useful in creating enzyme reactors for synthetic, analytical and other purposes.
Natural language order - a streamlined approach to modeling

Computer models of biological systems need to manage both form and function. The transformation of scientific observation to computer code requires a means of describing form and function that fits both systems approaches. We propose the use of formal natural language order. Our hypothesis is that by designing such a process we can provide a tool that both “feels” natural to the researcher and is easy for the designer to convert directly to accurate and realistic models of complex biological functions. We modeled skeletal muscle to demonstrate the approach. Supported by UTSA Summer Mentor Program.
Role of venous stenting in the management of inoperable intracranial arteriovenous malformations.

I have read, with great interest, a recently published article in the British Journal of Neurosurgery by Higgins and Kirkpatrick titled ‘Stenting venous outflow gives symptomatic improvement in a p...
What motivates participation in violent political action: selective incentives or parochial altruism?

In standard models of decision making, participation in violent political action is understood as the product of instrumentally rational reasoning. According to this line of thinking, instrumentally rational individuals will participate in violent political action only if there are selective incentives that are limited to participants. We argue in favor of an alternate model of political violence where participants are motivated by moral commitments to collective sacred values. Correlative and experimental empirical evidence in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict strongly supports this alternate view.
Semaphorin Regulation of Cellular Morphology

Semaphorin proteins, although initially characterized as repulsive neuronal guidance cues, are now appreciated as major contributors to morphogenesis and homeostasis for a wide range of tissue types. Semaphorin-mediated long- and short-range repulsive, and attractive, guidance has profound influences on cellular morphology. The diversity of semaphorin receptor complexes utilized by various semaphorin ligands, the ability of semaphorins themselves to serve as receptors, and the myriad of intracellular signaling components that comprise semaphorin signaling cascades all contribute to cell-type-specific responses to semaphorins. Analysis of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying semaphorin function in neural and vascular systems provides insight into principles governing how this large protein family contributes to organogenesis, function, and disease.
Context-Based Applications in Converged Networks: Beyond SIMPLE Presence

The authors present a large-scale presence virtualization and federation platform that federates across heterogeneous presence domains, letting applications exploit cross-domain contextual data. The platform also provides a programmable interface for customized context queries.
Climate Change and Global Fisheries Management: Linking Issues to Protect Ecosystems or to Save Political Interests?

This article explores the conditions under which regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) adopt climate actions. I test a series of hypotheses to explain when RFMOs move beyond their classic management approaches—assignment of property rights, catch limits, and gear restrictions—to include climate change in their research and management plans. I introduce a new data set that compares fisheries-climate linkages since 1992 in all available RFMO annual reports and meeting minutes. The analysis reveals a series of patterns surrounding linkage politics in RFMOs. Importantly, this study finds that climate linkages in RFMOs do not simply follow scientific knowledge or regional climate vulnerability. Instead, climate action coincides with member country efforts to avoid catch regulations, and secretariat efforts to exhibit organizational relevance.
INTELLECTUALLY GIFTED ELEMENTARY STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF LEADERSHIP '

Summary.-To study the self-perceptions of leadership held by intellectually gifted elementary students in Grades 4 through 6 the Leadership Strengths Indicator was administered to 21 girls and 13 boys. Significant differences favoring the girls were found on two of the clusrer scales (V, Sympathetic and VII, Conscientious) and the cecal score. Research on education of gifted children has examined many connections between giftedness and leadership. Beginning with Terman's classic study (1925), in which he concluded that gifted individuals were likely to be leaders, the unique parallels between giftedness and leadership have surfaced. The number of leadership teaching models, theories, materials, and assessment instruments serve as evidence of the growing interest and understanding of these parallels (Gallagher, 1982; Karnes & Chauvin, 1985; Richardson & Feldhusen, 1986). While there appear to be no universal traits possessed by all leaders at all times, evidence suggests leaders share some characteristics (Cohen, 1979). Leadership, like giftedness, is a combination of a variety of traits. Some characteristics of leadership and giftedness overlap and a number of these enable gifted persons to serve well in leadership roles. These include but are not limited to creative problem-solving abhties, a strong desire to excel and to be challenged, excellent oral and written communication skills, originality of thought and expression, and an ability to think clearly and precisely. Leadership has been included in the federal definitions of gifted and talented since 1972. Leadership is also included in over half of the state definitions (Karnes & Koch, 1985; State of the States Gifted and Talented Education Report, 1990). The inclusion of leadership among characteristics identifying gifted individuals raises several questions. How is leadership measured? How are gifted individuals with a capacity for leadership identified? How do gifted individuals view their leadership skills and abilities? Identification and nurturance of leadership characteristics are essential to the development of leaders so we need to seek those with potential for leadership and to develop appropriate training (Chauvin & Karnes, 1983). Formal training can begin at any age, and requisite behaviors and skills could be developed and strengthened prior to formal training (Magoon, 1980).
A gene cloning system for 'Streptomyces toyocaensis'.

Summary: We explored different methods of introducing DNA into ‘Streptomyces toyocaensis’ and Streptomyces virginiae to construct stable recombinant strains. Plasmid pIJ702 isolated from Streptomyces lividans transformed protoplasts of ‘S. toyocaensis’ at a frequency of 7 × 103 transformants (μgDNA)-1. pIJ702 prepared from ‘S. toyocaensis’ transformed ‘S. toyocaensis’ protoplasts at a frequency of 1.5 × 105 (μgDNA)-1. suggesting that ‘S. toyocaensis’ expresses restriction and modification. Plasmid pRHB126 was transduced by bacteriophage FP43 into ‘S. toyocaensis’ at a frequency of 1.2 × 10−6 (p.f.u.)−1. Plasmids pOJ436 and pRHB304 were introduced into ‘S. toyocaensis’ by conjugation from Escherichia coli S17-1 at frequencies of about 2 × 10−4 and 1 × 10−4 per recipient, respectively. Analysis of several exconjugants indicated that pOJ436 and pRHB304 inserted into a unique oC31 attB site and that some of the insertions had minimal deleterious effects on glycopeptide A47934 production. The results indicate that ‘S. toyocaensis’ is a suitable host for gene cloning, whereas S. virginiae does not appear to be.
Predisposition to violence

This paper asks whether biological factors play a causal role in violent criminal offending. We consider the research on genetic influence and find no evidence of hereditary transmission of violent criminal behavior. There is considerable evidence, however, that violent delinquent and adult offenders exhibit an elevated frequency of brain damage. Potential sources of this brain damage exist in the prenatal and perinatal course of development.
Fuzzy rule-based approach to automatic drug dosing in renal failure

The paper presents a fuzzy logic-based approach to automation of drug delivery in renal patients. Dialysis data collected from 200 patients serve as a basis for reconstruction of the dosing regimen in terms of rules. The fuzzy rule-based representation allows the physician for quick verification of the dosing regimen, as well as easy implementation of numerical techniques for its adjustment.
Lipid elimination with an echo‐shifting N/2‐ghost acquisition (LEENA) MRI

Purpose The Dixon techniques provide uniform water-fat separation but require multiple image sets, which extend the overall acquisition time. Here, an alternative rapid single acquisition method, lipid elimination with an echo-shifting N/2-ghost acquisition (LEENA), was introduced. Methods The LEENA method utilized a fast imaging with steady-state free precession sequence to obtain a single k-space dataset in which successive k-space lines are acquired to allow the fat magnetization to precess 180°. The LEENA data were then unghosted using either image-domain (LEENA-S) or k-space domain (LEENA-G) parallel imaging techniques to reconstruct water-only and fat-only images. An off-resonance correction technique was incorporated to improve the uniformity of the water-fat separation. Results Uniform water-fat separation was achieved for both the LEENA-S and LEENA-G methods for phantom and human body and leg imaging applications at 1.5T and 3T. The resultant water and fat images were qualitatively similar to conventional 2-point Dixon and fat-suppressed images. Conclusion The LEENA-S and LEENA-G methods provide uniform water and fat images from a single MRI acquisition. These straightforward methods can be adapted to 1.5T and 3T clinical MRI scanners and provide comparable fat/water separation with conventional 2-point Dixon and fat-suppression techniques. Magn Reson Med 73:711–717, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Alternative Arguments for Generalizing From Data as Applied to Qualitative Research

One criticism about qualitative research is that it is difficult to generalize findings to settings not studied. To explore this issue, I examine three broad arguments for generalizing from data: sample-to-population extrapolation, analytic generalization, and case-to-case transfer. Qualitative research often uses the last argument, but some efforts have been made to use the first two. I suggest that analytic generalization can be very helpful for qualitative researchers but that sample-to-population extrapolation is not likely to be.
Eliminating Medicaid Adult Dental Coverage In California Led To Increased Dental Emergency Visits And Associated Costs

Dental coverage for adults is an elective benefit under Medicaid. As a result of budget constraints, California Medicaid eliminated its comprehensive adult dental coverage in July 2009. We examined the impact of this policy change on emergency department (ED) visits by Medicaid-enrolled adults for dental problems in the period 2006–11. We found that the policy change led to a significant and immediate increase in dental ED use, amounting to more than 1,800 additional dental ED visits per year. Young adults, members of racial/ethnic minority groups, and urban residents were disproportionately affected by the policy change. Average yearly costs associated with dental ED visits increased by 68 percent. The California experience provides evidence that eliminating Medicaid adult dental benefits shifts dental care to costly EDs that do not provide definitive dental care. The population affected by the Medicaid adult dental coverage policy is increasing as many states expand their Medicaid programs under the ACA...
Modes of algal capture by the freshwater copepod Diaptomus sicilis and their relation to food‐size selection1,2

High-speed motion pictures (500 frames s-l) of tethered Diaptomus sicilis feeding in suspensions of Chlamydomonas spp. of three different sixes at three different concentrations (0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mm3 liter-‘), showed two modes of feeding: a passive mode in which algae flowed into the space between the left and right second maxillae and an active mode in which the second maxillae or second maxillae plus maxilliped made large amplitude flaps to bring in the cell. Cells 14 pm in diameter were always captured passively, and cells ~6 pm were captured both actively and passively. Active captures were 18% of total captures for the medium-sized (6 pm) algae and 36% for the large (12 pm) algae. During passive captures, algae usually flowed through the space between the left and right second maxillae rather than being caught on the setules; thus, the leaky-sieve model of particle retention does not apply for passive captures by D. sicilis. Except for brief interruptions to actively capture a large alga nearby, the second maxillae of D. sicilis oscillated continuously at low amplitude at all times during feeding, in marked contrast to the marine copepods Eucalanus and Purucalanus that vibrated their second maxillae to enhance capture in monocultures of small algae but not large algae. These observations explained both the shape of the curve of selectivity vs. particle size for D. sicilis and its relative invariance. Analyses of feeding mechanisms and the water currents around Diaptomus showed that, in contrast to Eucalanus and Paracalanus, Diuptomus is specialized for capturing small particles, which may be a more important food in freshwater than in marine environments.
Rapid Production of Multiple Independent Lines of Fertile Transgenic Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Improvement of wheat (Triticum aestivum) by biotechnological approaches is currently limited by a lack of efficient and reliable transformation methodology. In this report, we detail a protocol for transformation of a highly embryogenic wheat cultivar, Bobwhite. Calli derived from immature embryos, 0.5 to 1 mm long, were bombarded with microprojectiles coated with DNA containing as marker genes the bar gene, encoding phosphinothricin-resistance, and the gene encoding [beta]-glucuronidase (GUS), each under control of a maize ubiquitin promoter. The bombardment was performed 5 d after embryo excision, just after initiation of callus proliferation. The ability of plantlets to root in the presence of 1 or 3 mg/L of bialaphos was the most reliable selection criteria used to identify transformed plants. Stable transformation was confirmed by marker gene expression assays and the presence of the bar sequences in high molecular weight chromosomal DNA of the resultant plants. Nine independent lines of fertile transgenic wheat plants have been obtained thus far, at a frequency of 1 to 2 per 1000 embryos bombarded. On average, 168 d elapsed between embryo excision for bombardment and anthesis of the T0 plants. The transmission of both the resistance phenotype and bar DNA to the T1 generation verified that germline transformation had occurred.
Iran's Karaj Dam Affair: Emerging Mass Consumerism, the Politics of Promise, and the Cold War in the Third World

This paper examines two intertwined processes that shaped post-war Tehran. One was a ravenous demand for electricity, part of a surge in popular expectations for consumer goods and higher standards of living. The other was the construction of the Karaj Dam to meet that demand. Consumerist expectations, especially among Tehran's bourgeoning middle classes, developed together with a West-centered but ultimately global maturation of mass consumer culture, with the cultural Cold War, and with the shaky post-1953 regime's politics of promising higher living standards. The Karaj Dam became possible when that regime frightened its patron—the U.S. administration that dreaded Soviet influence—into helping pay for the project despite reservations in the U.S. Congress and among technical specialists. The dam was not simply a top-down state (or U.S.) project—it was also caused by and in that sense belonged to Tehranis. I draw on archival and published primary sources, images, and secondary literature to tell a story of society-state and domestic-global interactions that characterized many Third World countries. This paper builds on past studies of relationships between the Cold War and Third World development, and of the transnational history of development/modernization. But it transcends their focus on elites, and that of other scholars’ on subaltern victims, and argues that analyses of Third World development and the Cold War must include the middle classes and, conceptually, social history.
Racial Variation in the Uptake of Oncotype DX Testing for Early-Stage Breast Cancer

PurposeOncotype DX (ODX) is a tumor gene-profiling test that aids in adjuvant chemotherapy decision-making. ODX has the potential to improve quality of care; however, if not equally accessible across racial groups, disparities in cancer care quality may persist or worsen. We examined racial disparities in ODX testing uptake.MethodsWe used data from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, phase III, a longitudinal, population-based study of 2,998 North Carolina women who received a diagnosis of breast cancer between 2008 and 2014. Our primary analysis used modified Poisson regression to determine the association between race and whether ODX testing was ordered among two strata: node-negative and node-positive breast cancer.ResultsA total of 1,468 women with estrogen receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2–negative, stage I or II breast cancer met inclusion criteria. Black patients had higher-grade and larger tumors, more comorbidities, younger age at diagnosis, and lower socioeconomic status ...
Education and Support Outcome Sustainability: A Conceptual Framework

The sustainability of caregiver education and support program outcomes is ­arguably the most important and the least attended to of all program variables in education and support practice, research, education, policy and advocacy. Consumers, ­providers, and sponsors of programs want their investment in programs to pay off, in positive, enduring ways. Short-term outcomes are only beneficial if they can be sustained over time. How, over time, can caregivers sustain the immediate positive outcomes of education and support programs in order to achieve intermediate and long-term outcomes? This question is addressed in this chapter by presenting a framework for sustaining program outcomes and by describing six sustainability tests that should be addressed by all caregiver education and support programs. The chapter concludes with a discussion of current and future trends that affect the sustainability of caregiver education and support programs.
Indications for intubation and early tracheostomy in patients with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.

Abstract Background Stevens–Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) result in epidermal sloughing and mucositis. There are no published guidelines for intubation and early tracheostomy in this patient population. Methods A retrospective chart review of 40 patients admitted from 2010 to 2015 with SJS and TEN was conducted. Descriptive statistics and significance were calculated. Results Of the 43% of patients who underwent early tracheostomy, 100% had oral involvement while the initial total body surface area (TBSA) was 70% or more in 41% of patients ( P Conclusions Indications for intubation and early tracheostomy for SJS and TEN are documented oral involvement plus one of the following: initial TBSA 70% or more; progression of TBSA involved from hospital day 1 to hospital day 3, 15% TBSA or more; underlying neurologic diagnosis preventing airway protection; and documented airway involvement on direct laryngoscopy.
Identifying adverse events after outpatient surgery: improving measurement of patient safety

Identification of adverse events (AEs) is critical for improving patient safety. However, accurate measurement continues to be challenging, and efforts to detect and track surgical AEs in the outpatient setting lag behind those of the inpatient setting. Although numerous methods have been utilised over the years to detect AEs (eg, voluntary reporting systems, chart review and patient interviews), these detection systems suffer from a variety of limitations including resource constraints.1 ,2 More recent development of automated surveillance systems to detect AEs using electronic medical record (EMR) data has greatly facilitated the identification of AEs, particularly among ambulatory patients.3–6 Menendez et al illustrate how EMR data and electronic triggers can contribute to better measurement of patient safety in outpatient surgery.7 Trigger methodology has substantially improved since the seminal work of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) in the early 2000s that helped promulgate the use of chart-based trigger tools for retrospective detection of AEs.8–10 Although triggers are still evolving as informatics tools, and are likely in their ‘early stages’ of development, the trigger methodology represents a good compromise between two modalities: automated surveillance systems and manual chart review (ie, the ‘gold standard’). Triggers rely on both electronic and manual review processes to search for patterns in the data consistent with a possible AE. Triggers use surveillance rules or algorithms derived from clinical logic to flag patient medical records for the presence of an AE. Once a trigger is flagged in the data, then the patient's medical record is reviewed to confirm the occurrence (yes/no) of the AE. …
Event-locked method of gated and time-resolved Fourier spectroscopy

The Event-Locked Fourier Spectroscopy (ELFS) method enables ordinary continuous-scan Fourier spectrometers to perform gated and time-resolved measurements.
Leu M1 and peanut agglutinin stain the neoplastic cells of Hodgkin's disease.

It has been suggested that the malignant cells of Hodgkin’s disease (HD), Reed–Sternberg cells, and their mononuclear variants may be related to cells of the monocyte-histiocyte system. To test this hypothesis, 20 cases of HD were tested with nine antibodies, monoclonal or polyclonal, that normally react with cells of monocytic/histiocytic/granulocytic lineages, as well as PNA, which binds to histiocytes directly. Only two reagents, Leu M1 and PNA bound to the neoplastic cells in 20/22 and 13/22 cases tested, respectively. Leu M1 was the most sensitive reagent and was negative in only two cases of lymphocyte predominant HD. Leu M1 also could be employed in routinely fixed and processed formalin or B5-fixed tissue. This antibody, which was negative in 27 cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, including 12 peripheral T-cell lymphomas, should prove to be of value in differential diagnosis of HD and morphologically similar reactive and neoplastic lymphoid lesions.
Domestic Violence in the United States

Between 2003 and 2012, domestic violence accounted for 21 percent of all violent victimizations. This type of abuse can appear in several forms including physical, sexual, emotional, psychological, or economic. Domestic violence includes rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated and simple assault committed by intimate partners, immediate family members, or other relatives. Individuals affected by domestic violence encompass all cultures, ethnicities and socioeconomic backgrounds, and victims can be women, men, children, and the elderly. The act determines the crime, but the relationship between the victim and perpetrator determine whether the interaction is domestic. Each state dictates the laws regarding domestic violence and so the determining variables can vary from state to state. The costs of domestic violence are systemic, impacting not only the family, but society as a whole. Because of the complexity of this issue, addressing and understanding the dynamics of domestic violence has multiple challenges and perspectives. Keywords: gender-based violence; violence against women; violence
Surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and discussion of compression operation.

Compression of the posterior root fibers for the relief of trigeminal neuralgia is a simple surgical procedure that can be repeated, if necessary, without technical difficulty. The authors believe it is technically and statistically the surgical procedure of choice in this condition.In a series of 115 cases, 16 patients required reoperation because of recurrence of pain; in 11 of these 16 cases, recompression was done. Postoperative complications were minimal.
Sommelier’s Surprise

This case discusses a food–drug interaction the monoamine oxidase inhibitor tranylcypromine and tyramine, resulting in hypertensive emergency.
Wiring, Conundrums, Topology

Steiner is not, however, finally unsympathetic to the MLM project, as the unravelling of his further, broader, and perhaps expectable objections shows.
Concussion Management in the Classroom

There is a new emphasis on the team approach to pediatric concussion management, particularly in the classroom. However, it is expected that educators are unfamiliar with the "Returning to Learning" recommendations. The authors' primary objective was to assess and improve high school educators' knowledge regarding concussions and management interventions using an online education tool. A total of 247 high school educators completed a 12 question pretest to assess core knowledge of concussions and classroom management followed by a 20-minute online literature-based education module. Participants then completed an identical posttest. The improvement in core knowledge was statistically significant (P < .001). Initial areas of weakness were the description and identification of concussions. Questions regarding concussion classroom management also showed a statistically significant increase in scores (P < .001). This study identifies the deficits in the knowledge of educators regarding concussions and classroom management as well as the significant improvement after an online educational module.
Determining the Presence of Hooks Inside White Sturgeon Using Metal Detector and Portable X-Ray Technology

AbstractWe examined the feasibility of using handheld metal detectors and portable X-ray technology to assess the occurrence and type of hooks ingested by White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus in the Hell’s Canyon reach of the Snake River, Idaho. Three hundred and fifty-two White Sturgeon were collected in the Hell’s Canyon reach using angling and setline techniques from 2009 to 2011. Thirty-one percent scanned positive for the presence of hooks inside them. We found the handheld metal detector accurately determined hook presence in White Sturgeon 97% of the time when verified with X-ray. Larger size-classes of fish had a higher occurrence of hooks inside them (>50%) than did smaller size-classes. Occurrence of hooks within White Sturgeon across the entire study area was similar from year to year, ranging from 25% to 33%. We estimated that 64% of hooks observed with X-ray images were consistent with gear used for White Sturgeon angling and 36% were consistent with gear used for Smallmouth Bass Micropteru...
Goals–Plan–Action Theory

Goals–plan–action theories of communication propose that individuals produce messages derived from cognitive templates that are themselves activated by desires. Although early forms of the theory emphasized the production of interpersonal influence messages, current versions attempt to explain a broad array of communicative functions. The unified diversity of the research shows a family of theories that share a common core of assumptions. Keywords: argument and persuasion; interpersonal communication; interpersonal theory; relational communication; social influence
Coefficient of restitution in fractional viscoelastic compliant impacts using fractional Chebyshev collocation

Abstract Compliant impacts can be modeled using linear viscoelastic constitutive models. While such impact models for realistic viscoelastic materials using integer order derivatives of force and displacement usually require a large number of parameters, compliant impact models obtained using fractional calculus, however, can be advantageous since such models use fewer parameters and successfully capture the hereditary property. In this paper, we introduce the fractional Chebyshev collocation (FCC) method as an approximation tool for numerical simulation of several linear fractional viscoelastic compliant impact models in which the overall coefficient of restitution for the impact is studied as a function of the fractional model parameters for the first time. Other relevant impact characteristics such as hysteresis curves, impact force gradient, penetration and separation depths are also studied.
Genetic variation in the histamine production, response, and degradation pathway is associated with histamine pharmacodynamic response in children with asthma

Introduction: There is growing knowledge of the wide ranging effects of histamine throughout the body therefore it is important to better understand the effects of this amine in patients with asthma. We aimed to explore the association between histamine pharmacodynamic (PD) response and genetic variation in the histamine pathway in children with asthma. Methods: Histamine Iontophoresis with Laser Doppler Monitoring (HILD) was performed in children with asthma and estimates for area under the effect curve (AUEC), maximal response over baseline (Emax), and time of Emax (Tmax) were calculated using non-compartmental analysis and non-linear mixed-effects model with a linked effect PK/PD model. DNA isolation and genotyping were performed among participants to detect known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (n = 10) among genes (HDC, HNMT, ABP1, HRH1, HRH4) within the histamine pathway. General linear model was used to identify associations between histamine related genetic variants and measured histamine PD response parameters. Results: Genotyping and HILD response profiles were completed for 163 children. ABP1 47 C/T, ABP1 4107, and HNMT-1639 C/Twere associated with Emax (ABP1 47 CC genotype mean Emax 167.21 vs. CT/TT genotype mean Emax 139.20, p = 0.04; ABP1 4107 CC genotype mean Emax 141.72 vs. CG/GG genotype mean Emax 156.09, p = 0.005; HNMT-1639 CC genotype mean Emax 132.62 vs. CT/TT genotype mean Emax 155.3, p = 0.02). In a stratified analysis among African American children only, ABP1 and HNMT SNPs were also associated with PD response; HRH4 413 CC genotype was associated with lower Emax, p = 0.009. Conclusions: We show for the first time that histamine pathway genetic variation is associated with measureable changes in histamine response in children with asthma. The variability in histamine response and impact of histamine pathway genotype is important to further explore in patients with asthma so as to improve disease phenotyping leading to more personalized treatments.
Evaluation of a dietary screener: the Mediterranean Eating Pattern for Americans tool.

Background Evidence exists for an association between accordance with a Mediterranean diet pattern and slower rates of cognitive decline. However, an ‘Americanised’ version of the Mediterranean diet screener is needed to assess accordance in the USA. Thus, the Mediterranean Eating Pattern for Americans (MEPA) tool was developed to assess accordance with a Mediterranean-like food pattern when time is limited. The present study aimed to determine whether the MEPA screener captured the key elements of the Mediterranean diet compared to the more comprehensive food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Methods The study comprised a cross-sectional study in which 70 women completed both the VioScreen™ FFQ (Viocare, Princeton, NJ, USA) electronically and the 16-item MEPA screener, either electronically or by telephone, aiming to evaluate the inter-method reliability of the proposed screener. The convenience sample included patients (n = 49) and healthcare providers (n = 21) recruited from a tertiary care medical centre. Results The overall score from the MEPA screener correlated with corresponding overall MEPA FFQ score (ρ = 0.365, P = 0.002). Agreement between screener items and FFQ items was moderate-to-good for berries (κ = 0.47, P < 0.001), nuts (κ = 0.42, P < 0.001), fish (κ = 0.62, P < 0.001) and alcohol (κ = 0.64, P < 0.001), whereas those for olive oil (κ = 0.33, P = 0.001) and green leafy vegetables (κ = 0.36, P = 0.0021) were fair. Usual intakes of potassium, magnesium, vitamin C, saturated fat, selected carotenoids, folate and fibre derived from the FFQ varied with MEPA screener scores in the anticipated directions. Conclusions The MEPA screener captures several components of the Mediterranean style pattern, although further testing of the MEPA screener is indicated.
Transitional economies: Legacy of waste or wasted legacy? The end of industrial ecology in post‐socialist Hungary

In recent decades in the most developed countries, new approaches to environmental problems, including industrial ecology and ecological modernisation, have become prevalent. Based on interviews and archival research, this analysis argues that during state socialism Hungary had already instituted a production‐centred, preventative approach to industrial wastes akin to industrial ecology. Ironically, after the collapse of state socialism, instead of keeping catching up with the West in this respect, the waste institutions and policies were disassembled with the slogan of privatisation and marketisation. As a result, the present dominant environmental discourse in Hungary argues that the environmental goals of the transition from state socialism can and should be achieved without state assistance, simply following market considerations. The resulting environmental policies represent a return to the domination of remedial, end‐of‐pipe technologies handed down from the West.
Dinosaur abundance was not declining in a “3 m gap” at the top of the Hell Creek Formation, Montana and North Dakota: Comment and Reply COMMENT

The study of dinosaur abundance in the Hell Creek Formation by [Sheehan et al. (2000)][1] raises three points that require comment. Additionally, some of their history of the “3 m gap” requires emendation. As the authors correctly state, in the late 1970s and early 1980s various workers observed
Design and Evaluation of a Longitudinal Faculty Development Program to Advance Scholarly Writing Among Pharmacy Practice Faculty.

Objective. To describe the design and evaluation of a six-month longitudinal faculty development program designed to promote experience and skills in scholarly writing among pharmacy practice faculty.Methods. Writer’s Block uses a scheduled weekly writing time, peer support, and multiple accountability measures to promote progress in manuscript writing. Faculty participation, satisfaction, and manuscript writing progress were used to evaluate the program’s success. Demographic data describing faculty participation in at least one of three cohorts of Writer’s Block were collected. Satisfaction was determined using an anonymous online survey. Writing progress was determined through reporting of weekly manuscript word counts and submission to a peer-reviewed journal.Results. Twelve assistant professors participated in one or more program cohorts to develop 20 manuscripts. Twelve (60%) manuscripts were submitted to a peer-reviewed journal. Of these, 10 (83%) have been published or accepted for publication, an...
An EDGE in Mathematics for Women: The Enhancing Diversity in Graduate Education Program

The EDGE Program (Enhancing Diversity in Graduate Education) was initiated in 1998 by two mathematics professors from women’s colleges, with the goal of helping women persist in graduate programs in the mathematical sciences. The program initially focused on the transition to and preparation for the first year of graduate school, with a commitment to diversity among participants, faculty, and staff. A four-week summer session featured courses that bridge undergraduate and graduate work, study groups, graduate student mentors, and professional and academic visitors, as well as social and team-building activities. Gradually EDGE expanded to support women throughout their graduate school and professional careers. What began with two founders and eight EDGE participants has grown to a diverse community of alumnae, more than 48% of whom are from groups underrepresented in the mathematical sciences. This article chronicles the impact of the EDGE Program on participants and the emergence of a new generation of leaders in the mathematics community. Lessons learned that may benefit others involved in related efforts are shared.
Effects of Student Choice of Instructional Method on the Learning Outcomes of Students With Comorbid Learning and Emotional/Behavioral Disabilities:

The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine whether learning preferences of secondary students identified with concomitant learning disabilities (LD) and emotional disturbance (ED) align...
Legal vision requirements for drivers in the United States.

A summary of state vision requirements for noncommercial driving licenses in the U.S., mentioning physicians’ duty to report patients with impaired vision to the state department of motor vehicles. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.
Research Facilitation on a Budget

Achieving broad uptake of research computing services is a tremendous challenge when funding for staff positions is constrained. Outreach and ongoing engagement with researchers is both essential and time-consuming, leading to a tension between supporting day-to-day operations and building the kinds of partnerships that ensure ongoing support for the program.Since 2015, Berkeley Research Computing (BRC) has been hiring primarily graduate students into a part-time "domain consultant" role (influenced by ACI-REF job descriptions and Campus Champion activities) that addresses the program's staffing needs in an affordable way, while providing those graduate students with the technical training and professional work experience required for professional research facilitator positions. The domain consultant program has evolved from an hourly student position into a codified set of practices informed by IT service management, addressing needs including: in-person consulting, tier 2 triage of HPC troubleshooting tickets, support for cloud computing and compute in virtualized analytics environments, and user training. In addition, consulting engagements are reviewed and discussed regularly, both in team meetings and in one-on-one meetings with the service manager, to provide opportunities for consultants to hone their skills.This paper will also highlight the value of programs such as BRC's for addressing gaps in graduate education practices that can hinder PhD recipients' success when applying for research facilitator positions. It will also illustrate the value of thinking broadly about partnerships when developing a consulting program, by describing the program's recent expansion into research data management, and at the Lawrence Berkeley Lab.