cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional Associations Between Cannabis Use and Depressive Symptoms From Adolescence Through Early Adulthood Among At-Risk Young Men.

Objective:Previous studies have established a relationship between cannabis use and affective problems among adolescents and young adults; however, the direction of these associations remains a topic of debate. The present study sought to examine bidirectional associations between cannabis use and depressive symptoms, specifically testing the validity of two competing hypotheses: the cannabis effect hypothesis, which suggests that cannabis use contributes to the onset of later depressive symptoms; and the self-medication hypothesis, which posits that individuals increase their use of a substance to alleviate distressing psychological symptoms.Method:Participants in this study were 264 low-socioeconomic-status males assessed at ages 17, 20, and 22. Cross-lag panel models were fit to test bidirectional associations between cannabis use frequency and depressive symptoms across the transition from adolescence to early adulthood. In addition, analyses were conducted within two high-risk subsamples to examine w...
Elastic, charge transfer, and related transport cross sections for proton impact of atomic hydrogen for astrophysical and laboratory plasma modeling

Updating and extending previous work (Krstic and Schultz 1999 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 32 3458 and other references) comprehensive calculations were performed for elastic scattering and charge transfer in proton—atomic hydrogen collisions. The results, obtained for 1301 collision energies in the center-of-mass energy range of 10−4–104 eV, are provided for integral and differential cross sections relevant to transport modeling in astrophysical and other plasma environments, and are made available through a website. Use of the data is demonstrated through a Monte Carlo transport simulation of solar wind proton propagation through atomic hydrogen gas representing a simple model of the solar wind interaction with heliospheric neutrals.
Successful Manubriosternal Fusion Following Failure of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of a Traumatic Manubriosternal Dislocation: A Case Report.

Manubriosternal joint dislocations are rare clinical entities that may occur secondary to trauma1-4, inflammatory arthropathy5-7, or infection8. When they occur in a traumatic setting, concomitant cardiac contusions, pulmonary contusions, and spine fractures or dislocations may be observed9,10, and they must be treated appropriately. Manubriosternal dislocations may be classified as type-1 injuries, in which the sternal body is dislocated posteriorly with respect to the manubrium, or as type-2 injuries, in which the sternal body is dislocated anteriorly11. It is felt that most posterior dislocations are the result of direct impact to the anterior chest wall, while anterior dislocations are uniformly the result of an indirect flexion-compression mechanism12. Both operative1-4 and nonoperative8,10,11,13 strategies have been employed, but because of the relative rarity of this injury, a consensus regarding optimal management has not been established. To our knowledge, few reports of this injury exist in the literature, and we are unaware of any cases of operative fixation that have required revision surgery. We report the failure of an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a type-2 dislocation, which was salvaged with a successful manubriosternal fusion. The patient was informed that data concerning the case would be submitted for publication, and she provided consent. A fifty-year-old woman presented to the emergency department after a fall from an all-terrain vehicle onto her anterior chest wall. She had a history of posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis thirty-seven years prior to presentation, but was otherwise healthy. Chief symptoms were anterior chest pain and midthoracic back pain. On physical examination, she had an obvious sternal deformity with associated tenderness and was tender throughout the mid-to-lower thoracic region posteriorly. Radiographs …
Eye movements between saccades: Measuring ocular drift and tremor

Intersaccadic periods of fixation are characterized by incessant retinal motion due to small eye movements. While these movements are often disregarded as noise, the temporal modulations they introduce to retinal receptors are significant. However, analysis of these input modulations is challenging because the intersaccadic eye motion is close to the resolution limits of most eyetrackers, including widespread pupil-based video systems. Here, we analyzed in depth the limits of two high-precision eyetrackers, the Dual-Purkinje Image and the scleral search coil, and compared the intersaccadic eye movements of humans to those of a non-human primate. By means of a model eye we determined that the resolution of both techniques is sufficient to reliably measure intersaccadic ocular activity up to approximately 80Hz. Our results show that the characteristics of ocular drift are remarkably similar in the two species; a clear deviation from a scale-invariant spectrum occurs in the range between 50 and 100Hz, generally attributed to ocular tremor, leading to intersaccadic retinal speeds as high as 1.5deg/s. The amplitude of this deviation differs on the two axes of motion. In addition to our experimental observations, we suggest basic guidelines to evaluate the performance of eyetrackers and to optimize experimental conditions for the measurement of ocular drift and tremor.
High-Frequency Sound Production by Honeybees

SummarySound from four types of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) activity was analysed for high-frequency content: flying, hissing, waggle-dancing and clustering outside the hive entrance. Significant high-frequency sound was detected during each kind of activity. The high-frequency sound produced by bees outside the hive entrance at night and during the hiss response is within the hearing range of both the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) and the lesser wax moth (Achroia grisella (F.)) and so may play a role in communication by affecting the behaviour of the moths.
Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea)

The saguaro, Carnegiea gigantea (Englemann), is a columnar cactus that grows to 15 m tall and weighs up to several tons, of which 85 to 90% of the mass is water. Roughly 18% of the dry mass consists of the biomineral weddellite (CaC2O4·2H2O). The C in the weddellite derives from atmospheric CO2 via photosynthesis. A mature saguaro can contain on the order of 1 × 105 g of weddellite. The weddellite crystals occur as aggregates up to 1 mm wide. After the death of the saguaro, a series of minerals crystallize in the rotting flesh. These minerals form from elements released from the decay of the cactus by microorganisms and thus is a type of biologically induced mineralization. During the initial stages of decay, authigenic Mg- and Ca-bearing minerals crystallize from elements released by the putrefying flesh and include lansfordite (MgCO3·5H2O), nesquehonite (MgCO3·3H2O), several polymorphs of MgC2O4·2H2O including glushinskite, monohydrocalcite (CaCO3·H2O), calcite, vaterite, and several unidentified Mg-bearing phases. As the saguaro decays, the soft, water-rich pith shrinks, but the ribs and skin remain intact, producing warm, moist pockets within the dead saguaro. Abundant, glassy lansfordite crystals to 1 mm in diameter grow in these pockets during the cooler winter months. Further decay leaves a dried hollow shell covered by the saguaro skin, inside of which nesquehonite and monohydrocalcite crystallize. Lansfordite and nesquehonite are unstable in the desert and rapidly amorphize after exposure to the atmosphere. Magnesium oxalates are locally abundant in the decayed flesh and occur as crystals up to 1.5 mm in length. The common occurrence of fungal hyphae on the glushinskite suggests that it forms as a result of the reaction between oxalic acid released by fungi and the Mg-rich solutions of the rotting saguaro. During the final stages of decay, the pith consists of a pale-brown to tan-colored sand of weddellite and its transformation product monohydrocalcite. This sand lithifies to porous sponge-like masses during the final stages of saguaro decay. This monohydrocalcite further alters to calcite. The δ13CVPDB of the monohydrocalcite and calcite after weddellite range from −1.65 to + 0.76‰. The calcite is subsequently solubilized and remobilized, precipitating as caliche in the desert soil, or redistributed by wind. In arid environments, the desert fauna metabolize the atmospheric C bound in the organic matter to CO2. In contrast, decay of the saguaro adds atmospheric C to the soil as inorganic C via the transformation of the biomineral weddellite to calcite. In areas with high saguaro density, it is estimated that up to 2.4 g/m2/yr of calcite can be added to the desert from the decayed cacti. This inorganic C has geologically long soil residence times, thus effectively sequestering the atmospheric C.
Ensemble Gene Selection Versus Single Gene Selection: Which Is Better?

One of the major challenges in bioinformatics is selecting the appropriate genes for a given problem, and moreover, choosing the best gene selection technique for this task. Many such techniques have been developed, each with its own characteristics and complexities. Recently, some works have addressed this by introducing ensemble gene selection, which is the process of performing multiple runs of gene selection and aggregating the results into a single final list. The question is, will ensemble gene selection improve the results over those obtained when using single gene selection techniques (e.g., filter-based gene selection techniques on their own without any ensemble approach)? We compare how five filter-based feature (gene) selection techniques work with and without a data diversity ensemble approach (using a single feature selection technique on multiple sampled datasets created from an original one) when used for building models to label cancerous cells (or predict cancer treatment response) based on gene expression levels. Eleven bioinformatics (gene microarray) datasets are employed, along with four feature subset sizes and five learners. Our results show that the techniques Fold Change Ratio and Information Gain will produce better classification results when an ensemble approach is applied, while Probability Ratio and Signal-to-Noise will, in general, perform better without the ensemble approach. For the Area Under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) Curve ranker, the classification results are similar with or without the ensemble approach. This is, to our knowledge, the first paper to comprehensively examine the difference between the ensemble and single approaches for gene selection in the biomedical and bioinformatics domains.
Soteriology and Ethics

It has been self-evident, at least since the axial age, that not all religious persons, practices and beliefs are of equal value. Indeed the great founders and reformers were all acutely dissatisfied with the state of religion around them. Their criticisms have been either metaphysical (as in the case of Gautama, who rejected the prevailing ātman doctrine) or theological (as in the case of Muhammad, who rejected the Arabian polytheism of his day) or, much more often, moral. Thus the ancient Hebrew prophets condemned in the name of God the elevation of sacrifice and ritual above the requirements of mercy and social justice: I hate, I despise your feasts, and I take no delight in your solemn assemblies. Even though you offer me your burnt offerings and cereal offerings, I will not accept them, and the peace offerings of your fatted beasts I will not look upon. Take away from me the noise of your songs: to the melody of your harps I will not listen. But let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an everflowing stream. (Amos 5:21–4)
Measurement of C, Mg and Fe Kerma Factors and the 19F(n,2n)18F Cross Section for 18 to 27 MeV Neutrons

C, Mg, and Fe kerma factors were measured at neutron energies of 18, 23, and 25 MeV using microdosimetric techniques. Small spherical proportional counters served to measure neutron kerma, while detection of the activity induced in (C2F4) n samples by the 19F(n,2n)18F reaction determined the fast neutron fluence. In a separate experiment, we measured the 19F(n,2n)18F reaction cross section for neutron energies of 18, 21, 23, 25, and 27 MeV by comparing activity induced in (C2F4) n , Zr, and Au samples following simultaneous irradiation. For both experiments, deuteron bombardment of a tritium gas target produced monoenergetic fast neutrons accompanied by a secondary flux of low energy neutrons. These secondary neutrons made a significant contribution to the neutron kerma, but did not affect activation measurements. At each energy, a time-of-flight spectrometer determined the secondary neutron spectrum, which we used to correct our kerma measurements.
Finasteride in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A "Male" Therapy for a Predominantly "Female" Disease.

Objective: Hidradenitis suppurativa is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, and a hormonal component has been implicated. Finasteride is an anti-androgenic agent used for benign prostatic hypertrophy, androgenic alopecia, and, in females, hirsutism. Finasteride is an inhibitor of type II5 alpha-reductase that reduces dihydrotestosterone levels and appears to alter end-organ sensitivity of the folliculopilosebaceous unit. The objective is to review the use of finasteride for hidradenitis suppurativa. Design: Review of the literature. Setting: Clinical treatment of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Measurement/participants: Five publications described the use for hidradenitis suppurativa. Four global case reports cited 13 individual patients, four male and nine female. Females included three adolescent patients and a child aged seven with precocious puberty. In the United States, finasteride in obese male adults was mentioned to be helpful. Results: Oral finasteride, as monotherapy or additional therapy was utilized for advanced hidradenitis suppurativa. The outcomes were largely favorable, with complete resolution in three patients. A latency period was evident in a majority. Limited, or continuous use for up to six years, was detailed. Response to reintroduction was successful. A benign safety profile with excellent tolerability was described. Teratogenicity of finasteride was addressed and contraception advocated in female patients. Sexual adverse effects were not ascertained. Conclusion: In hidradenitis suppurativa, finasteride could be considered in adults of both sexes as well as in select female children and adolescents, particularly those with concurrent metabolic and hormonal alterations present. Finasteride provides another highly effective, durable, relatively safe, and inexpensive option in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.
The Video Clinical Trial

A second approach, alternative to the established diagnosis-specific trial is the utilization of video technology. A method developed in the 1970’s, the Video Interview Behavior Evaluation Scales (VIBES), provides a videotaped standard interview, administered at baseline and weekly intervals during treatment, and a set of observational scales to measure symptomatic and physically expressive changes in behavior and mood. Advantages of videotaping include capacity to centralize all clinical ratings, significantly reducing a major source of error variance in the analysis, measurement of physically expressive behaviors hitherto unrecorded, and allows the rater to view before and after interviews concurrently, eliminating need for recall of earlier interviews. Note is made of its special advantages in multicenter clinical trials. Evidence shows the method to be effective in detecting early and later actions of new drugs. Despite obvious strengths, it has limited usage due to problems associated with privacy of patient data. Where this can be overcome it can in future studies be a highly effective approach for the evaluation of new agents.
Walking in the Shadow of Pressman and Wildavsky: Expanding Fiscal Federalism and Goal Congruence Theories to Single-Shot Games

We advance and test a theory of grant compliance in single-shot games by combining the insights on grant management from Pressman and Wildavsky's classic work with the role that goal congruence and local political institutions play in the intergovernmental grant process. One-time grants, such as the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, require unique grant management techniques on the part of the federal government and local political institutions to foster credible commitments between federal and local authorities. Based on administrative records from the U.S. Department of Energy and a national survey of local government recipients of DOE grants, we predict delay in expending grant funds given that the goal of the federal government is to rapidly stimulate the economy and produce gains in energy efficiency. We employ survival modeling to estimate the time from receipt of a stimulus grant until the funds are expended. We find compelling evidence that effective grant management and local government institutions and policies are salient for limiting delays.
On accurate piecewise linear ROM-less direct digital frequency synthesizers

This paper deals with approximation circuits for sine waves, with applications to low-power direct digital frequency synthesizers (DDFSs). The goal is to determine very accurate approximations, i.e. having very low Maximum Absolute Errors (MAE). These allow for eliminating the ROM and reducing power. They rely on simple circuitry. The paper starts by presenting previous approximation techniques focusing on ROM-less piecewise linear ones. These will be followed by several new ROM-less piecewise linear approximations, and by a very thorough comparison of the newly introduced ones with respect to those presented in the literature. The solutions presented in this paper significantly reduce the MAE with a very modest increase in circuitry (one more multiplexer), and/or 1-2 bits of extra precision.
Doing a Job Interview

Job interviews generally follow a fairly standard pattern. First comes the invitation, usually in the form of an e-mail or a phone call. A date is set – a typical interview lasts one or two days. The candidate usually makes arrangements for travel, and hopefully, travel costs will be reimbursed (although they aren't always). The day comes, and the candidate takes off for the interview. The interview usually consists of four main parts. The first part is individual or small group meetings with faculty members. These meetings are important because they are major way in which the candidate is evaluated. The second part is meetings with undergraduate and, where appropriate, graduate students. These meetings may be in small groups or may be over a meal or coffee. The third part is the job talk, which usually is extremely important. The fourth part comprises one or more meals with faculty members and possibly graduate students. Do not think for a moment that the meal is just for enjoyment. Your possible employers will evaluate your behavior and answers to questions carefully. If you drink, drink modestly. A dinner during a job interview is no time to look like a lush! The job talk typically has two aspects, the presentation and questions and answers. Both are important. Be sure to leave time for questions. A good strategy is to accept questions of clarification during the talk and then questions about larger issues after the talk is over. Leave at least 15 minutes at the end for questions. Never go over time. And don't try to present too much material. Remember that most people in your audience are not specialists in your field, so you will need to present in a way that is suitable for the level of the audience. Beware of the possibility of technological glitches. Go into your job talk with a backup so that if the technology you plan to use fails, you have another option. For example, you might have PowerPoint slides on sheets of paper to which you can refer if the PowerPoint breaks down. Or if you are using traditional slides, have the content available in another format in case the slide projector fails.
On inferring functional connectivity with directed information in neuronal networks

In order to understand modifications in a neural network due to learning, it is paramount to develop an effective tool that is capable of mapping the circuit connectivity and its changes from large-scale recordings of neuronal activity patterns. In this paper, context tree maximizing (CTM) is used to estimate directed information (DI) to measure causal influences among neural spike trains. The method reliably identifies the circuit structures of realistic Hodgkin-Huxley simulated networks. It also produces a promising mapping of a small brain network.
Athletic Trainers' Perceptions of and Barriers to Patient Care Documentation: A Report From the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network

Context: For the practice characteristics of the services athletic trainers (ATs) provide to be identified, all ATs must complete high-quality patient care documentation. However, little is known ...
Immunolocalization of TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) in mouse seminiferous epithelium

TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is an evolutionarily conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multi-functional DNA/RNA-binding protein with roles in gene transcription, mRNA splicing, stability, transport, micro RNA biogenesis, and suppression of transposons. Aberrant expression of TDP-43 in testis and sperm was recently shown to be associated with male infertility, which highlights the need to understand better the expression of TDP-43 in the testis. We previously cloned TDP-43 from a mouse testis cDNA library, and showed that it functions as a transcriptional repressor and regulates the precise spatiotemporal expression of the Acrv1 gene, which encodes the acrosomal protein SP-10, during spermatogenesis. Here, we performed immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry of the mouse testis using four separate antibodies recognizing the amino and carboxyl termini of TDP-43. TDP-43 is present in the nuclei of germ cells as well as Sertoli cells. TDP-43 expression begins in type B/intermediate spermatogonia, peaks in preleptotene spermatocytes, and becomes undetectable in leptotene and zygotene spermatocytes. Pachytene spermatocytes and early round spermatids again express TDP-43, but its abundance diminishes later in spermatids (at steps 5-8). Interestingly, two of the four antibodies showed TDP-43 expression in spermatids at steps 9-10, which coincides with the initial phase of the histone-to-protamine transition. Immunoreactivity patterns observed in the study suggest that TDP-43 assumes different conformational states at different stages of spermatogenesis. TDP-43 pathology has been extensively studied in the context of neurodegenerative diseases; its role in spermatogenesis warrants further detailed investigation of the involvement of TDP-43 in male infertility.
Deuterated drugs; updates and obviousness analysis.

Introduction: The pharmacokinetics and/or toxicity of many known drugs can be modified by selective deuteration, an area of significant commercial interest and scientific and regulatory progress.Ar...
Planning the Political Intervention: Voter Engagement

Community members engage in advocacy and electoral efforts in a number of ways. This chapter focuses on ways in which individuals and communities express their power through voting, and ways that social workers can use voter engagement, including voter registration, education, and mobilization, as a tool in our work. This chapter looks at the values and meanings assigned to the act of voting, the history of voting and the right to vote in the USA, and current knowledge about voter participation and key issues. We acknowledge at the outset that laws and policies that relate to voting are constantly changing, and vary significant from state to state. It is generally a good idea to check with the local election authority in your area to confirm the current laws before moving forward on projects related to voting.
A Preliminary Examination of Concussion Knowledge by Collegiate Athletes and Non-Athletes.

Purpose Concussions affect various populations, including collegiate athletes and non-athletes. The purpose of this study was to compare collegiate varsity athletes, recreational athletes, and non-...
Perspectives on the Human Potential in Technological Change

It seems to me that this NATO Symposium on “Work, Organizations and Technological Change” can be characterized as follows: First, technological change is the key influencing factor for all sessions; second, technology per se is not a primary focus; and third, your overall emphasis is on entity goal formulation which evaluates the effectiveness of incentives and advancements that enhance the efficiency and quality of life.
H ∞ Optimal Control of Time-Varying Systems with Integral State Constraints

This paper concerns with feedback control design for H ∞ optimal control problems of linear time-varying systems on a finite time horizon with integral constraints on system trajectories. We develop and justify an exact penalization procedure that relates the constrained H ∞ control problem to a family of unconstrained differential games. The solution of the latter problems is based on the classical optimal control theory. Under proper constraint qualifications, we obtain a feedback control design for the original constrained problem through a generalized Riccati differential equation involving an additional generic parameter. Moreover, we provide formulae to determine the parameter involved.
Individually discriminable recruitment trails in a ponerine ant

Pheromone trails are associated with the recruitment of nestmates to food i ants. After discovery of a liquid food source, such as nectar,Paraponera clavata workers lay trail from the resource site to the colony. If a worker lays trail to the dolony entrance but does not enter the colony, her trail is not followed by other ants. When two workers are induced simultaneously to lay trail to the colony entrance and only of the workers is allowed to enter the colony, recruited ants follow only the trail of the ant that enteced the colony. This indicates that individual trails can be distinguished by recruited workers.
Conformational changes in the alpha- and beta-subunits of the insulin receptor identified by anti-peptide antibodies.

The structure of the insulin receptor was studied with polyclonal antibodies obtained from rabbits which were immunized with synthetic peptides having a sequence identity to three regions of the alpha-subunit and five regions of the beta-subunit. None of the alpha-subunit antibodies including alpha-Pep8 (residues 40-49 (Ullrich, A., Bell, J.R., Chen, E.Y., Herrera, R., Petruzzelli, L.M., Dull, T.J., Gray, A., Coussens, L., Liao, Y.-C., Tsubokawa, M., Mason, A., Seeburg, P.H., Grunfeld, C., Rosen, O.M., and Ramachandran, J. (1985) Nature 313, 756-761), alpha-Pep7 (12 amino acid C-terminal extension (Ebina, Y., Ellis, L., Jarnagin, K., Ederly, M., Graf, L., Clauser, E., Ou, J.-H., Masiar, F., Kan, Y.W., Goldfine, I.D., Roth, R.A., and Rutter, W.J. (1985) Cell 313, 747-758], or alpha-Pep6 (residues 1-7, 9) immunoprecipitated the human insulin receptor solubilized from IM-9 lymphocytes; however, alpha-Pep8 immunoprecipitated the dithiothreitol-reduced receptor. Antibodies prepared against the N terminus of the beta-subunit (alpha-Pep5, residues 780-790) and the ATP binding site (alpha-Pep3, residues 1013-1022) did not react with the intact receptor under any conditions; however, antibodies to the C terminus of the beta-subunit (alpha-Pep1, residues 1314-1324) and to the juxta-membrane region (alpha-Pep3, residues 952-962) immunoprecipitated the solubilized receptor in both its phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms. In contrast, the antibody reactive with the regulatory region of the beta-subunit which contains the major autophosphorylation sites (alpha-Pep2, residues 1143-1154) only precipitated the phosphorylated form. Thus the conformation of the extracellular domain of the receptor is rigid and stabilized by disulfide bonds, whereas several regions of the intracellular domain are accessible to antibodies and undergo conformational changes during autophosphorylation.
Evaluating Performance and Reliability of Automatically Reconfigurable Aerospace Systems Using Markov Modeling Techniques

In this paper, we consider the use of Markov modeling techniques for the evaluation of reliability and performance of highly reliable aerospace systems that involve automatic failure detection and system reconfiguration capability. The presence of these automated functions makes the system configuration dynamic, and necessitates the use of dynamic analysis techniques to analyze the system reliability. The paper surveys some of the Markov modeling techniques that can be used for this purpose and the types of situations to which they can be applied. The paper also briefly describes a method for using a Markov model to evaluate quantities other than the overall system reliability that describe the performance of the system. The values of these quantities can depend upon the time history of the system configuration, therefore they can only be evaluated based on a dynamic analysis technique.
Monitoring Seasonal Distribution of Thrips Vectors of Soybean Vein Necrosis Virus in Alabama Soybeans

Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV), a new virus in the genus Orthotospovirus, has been found in all soybean-growing regions in the United States and Ontario, Canada. Soybean thrips, Neohydatothrips variabilis (Beach) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), and eastern flower thrips, Frankliniella tritici (Fitch) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are reported vectors of this virus, but there are no reports on their distribution in Alabama. A monitoring study was conducted in 2015 and 2016 to determine thrips species composition and abundance in Alabama soybean agroecosystems. Thrips were monitored weekly by collecting them on yellow sticky traps and soybean plant parts including foliage and reproductive structures. All three reported vectors of SVNV were identified in Alabama, with N. variabilis and F. tritici as the predominant species, while F. fusca was not consistently collected from soybean plants. Four additional thrips species were collected, of which Echinothrips americanus (Morgan) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was commonly found on soybean at all three locations. Results presented in this study provide new information about seasonal thrips species abundance in soybean agroecosystems in Alabama, and is an important first step to understanding thrips vector species of epidemiological importance in the Southern United States.
Consideration of underserved groups and lower resourced environments

Abstract Individuals with disabilities are significantly more likely to be living in poverty, and therefore in low-resourced environments, than their counterparts without disabilities. A variety of contributing factors are involved including social determinants of health, the cyclical nature of reinforcing, multigenerational poverty factors, and lack of access to resources that create the foundation for equity and the ability to move from poverty into meaningful employment and financial empowerment. Additionally, the cultural diversity of the populations, which rehabilitation professionals serve, continues to grow, which often presents an intersection with low-income individuals and households. Rehabilitation professionals must proactively seek out ongoing professional development in cultural competence in order to practice effectively and ethically with these growing populations into the future.
High-Performance and Small-Form Factor Near-Field Inductive Coupling for 3-D NoC

Wireless interconnects using near-field inductive coupling (NFIC) enables contactless vertical communications necessary for the design of energy efficient and robust 3-D manycore systems. However, the achievable performance, energy efficiency, bandwidth, and associated area overhead of NFICs are intertwined imposing significant design challenges and tradeoffs to explore the optimum link configuration. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a holistic design approach for exploring energy-efficient NFICs and target to exploit the benefits of the NFICs in the context of efficient and reliable network-on-chip (NoC) design. The proposed design framework employs statistical link analysis to select optimum NFIC-link configuration and is significantly more efficient in terms of energy efficiency and area overhead compared to the state-of-the-art counterparts. We demonstrate that 3-D NoCs incorporating NFIC-enabled links outperform through-silicon-via (TSV) counterparts. In addition, the overall reliability of TSV- and NFIC-enabled hybrid 3-D NoC is significantly better than only TSV-based NoCs in order to counteract the electromigration and workload-induced stress challenges.
Wavefront shaping of acoustic waves in scattering media

As an essential necessity for fundamental study and a broad variety of technological applications, it is important to control the propagation of acoustic waves and select their particular wavefronts. This work is to achieve effective wavefront shaping of acoustic waves along specific paths in strongly scattering media including phononic periodic structures and random media. In the phononic crystal, a kind of artificial phononic structures, wavefront shaping, and super-resolution imaging have been achieved by designing the geometry and material parameters. Furthermore, the confocal technique of the optical beam and acoustic beam has been improved to achieve sub-wavelength imaging in random media with strongly scattering. The presented results of wavefront shaping have implications for tailoring phonon dynamics in scattering media, which offers further possibilities of controllable acoustic waves in complex materials and enlightens the interaction of multi-physics fields.
High-performance field emission based on nanostructured tin selenide for nanoscale vacuum transistors

Vacuum field effect transistors have been envisioned to hold the promise of replacing solid-state electronics when the ballistic transport of electrons in a nanoscale vacuum can enable significantly high switching speed and stability. However, it remains challenging to obtain high-performance and reliable field-emitter materials. In this work, we report a systematic study on the field emission of novel two-dimensional tin selenide (SnSe) with rational design of its structures and surface morphologies. SnSe in the form of atomically smooth single crystals and nanostructures (nanoflowers) is chemically synthesized and studied as field emitters with varying channel lengths from 6 μm to 100 nm. Our study shows that devices based on SnSe nanoflowers significantly improve the performance and enable field emission at a reduced voltage due to a surface-enhanced local electrostatic field, and further lead to nonlinear dependent channel scaling when the channel length is shorter than 600 nm. We measured a record-high short-channel field-enhancement factor of 50 600 for a 100 nm device. Moreover, we investigated the emission stability and measured the fluctuations of the emission current which are smaller than 5% for more than 20 hours. Our results demonstrated a high-performance and highly reliable field emitter based on 2D SnSe nanostructures and we developed an important building block for nanoscale vacuum field effect transistors.
Benchmark Meta-Dataset of High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery for Training Robust Deep Learning Models in Machine-Assisted Visual Analytics

Recent years have seen the publication of various high-resolution remote sensing imagery benchmark datasets. These datasets, while diverse in design, have many co-occurring object classes that are of interest for various application domains of Earth observation. In this research, we present our evaluation of a new meta-benchmark dataset combining object classes from the UC Merced, WHU-RS19, PatternNet, and RESISC-45 benchmark datasets. We provide open-source resources to acquire the individual benchmark datasets and then agglomerate them into a new meta-dataset (MDS). Prior research has shown that contemporary deep convolutional neural networks are able to achieve cross-validation accuracies in the range of 95-100% for the 33 identified object classes. Our analysis shows that the overall accuracy for all object classes from these benchmarks is approximately 98.6%. In this work, we investigate the utility of agglomerating the benchmarks into an MDS to train more generalizable, and therefore translatable from lab to real-world, deep machine learning (DML) models. We evaluate numerous state-of-the-art architectures, as well as our data-driven DML model fusion techniques. Finally, we compare MDS performance with that of the benchmark datasets to evaluate the performance versus cost trade-off of using multiple DML in an ensemble system.
Somatic Hybrids of Solanum Tuberosum and Related Species

Wild species related to potato have many interesting disease resistances and other characters that could be useful in potato breeding. Often, however, these species are difficult or impossible to cross with potato. For this reason the asexual combining of genomes by somatic hybridization appears to many workers to be one means by which the sexual incompatibilities might be bypassed. Somatic hybrids of Solanum tuberosum and related species have been sought for over 20 years with various degrees of success. Hybrids that have been produced between S. tuberosum and other Solanum spp.include:S. tuberosum + S. acauli (38), S. tuberosum+ S. berthaulti (31), S. tuberosum+S. brevidens (1,6,29), S. tuberosum+S. bulbocastanum (5,13,15,35), S. tuberosum +S. chacoense (21), S. tuberosum +S. circaeifollium (26), S. tuberosum +S. commersonii(8,20), S. tuberosum + S. etuberosum (27), S. tuberosum + S. nigrum (7), S. tuberosum+S. papita (19), S. tuberosum + S. phureja (30), S. tuberosum +S. pinnatisectum(33), S. tuberosum polyadenium (Hunt and Helgeson, unpublished), S. tuberosum+ S. torvum(18).
Mixed-Criticality Scheduling with I/O

This paper addresses the problem of scheduling tasks with differentcriticality levels in the presence of I/O requests. In mixed-criticalityscheduling, higher criticality tasks are given precedence over those of lowercriticality when it is impossible to guarantee the schedulability of alltasks. While mixed-criticality scheduling has gained attention in recentyears, most approaches typically assume a periodic task model. Thisassumption does not always hold in practice, especially for real-time andembedded systems that perform I/O. In prior work, we developed ascheduling technique in the Quest real-time operating system, which integratesthe time-budgeted management of I/O operations with Sporadic Server schedulingof tasks. This paper extends our previous scheduling approach with support formixed-criticality tasks and I/O requests on the same processing core. Resultsshow that in a real implementation the mixed-criticality scheduling methodintroduced in this paper outperforms a scheduling approach consisting of onlySporadic Servers.
EXPLORING THE EFFECT OF COLORING MANDALAS ON STUDENTS’ MATH ANXIETY IN BUSINESS STATISTICS COURSES

Purpose – the purpose of this article is to review a quasi-experiment study examining whether business students’ math anxiety is reduced after participating in mandala coloring activities. Research methodology – the research methodology integrated quantitative methods including independent t-tests and ANOVAs in a non-random convenient sample of 106 undergraduate students in 2018 in Texas, United States. Findings – results from the one-way ANOVA and t-test analyses revealed that anxiety levels differed across groups, such that after coloring a pre-drawn mandala, math anxiety was significantly reduced in comparison to the control (doodling) group. Paired sample t tests also demonstrated that when comparing the anxiety levels at the baseline and post-treatment, math anxiety was reduced after performing both the pre-drawn and free-coloring mandala activities. Additionally, an independent sample t-test and a two-by-two factorial ANOVA demonstrated that males experienced a significant reduction in their math anxiety than the females did after performing the mandala coloring activity. Research limitations – the study used a convenient sample, self-reported items, and a math anxiety measurement. Also, the findings found short-term evidence of math anxiety. Practical implications – the findings of this study suggest that business statistics instructors who integrate a mandala coloring activity in anxiety-provoking undertakings may help to reduce their students’ math anxiety. Originality/Value – This study is the first to investigate mandala coloring to reduce math anxiety in business students. Unlike previous studies that focus on anxiety in general, this study examines the benefit of mandala coloring on students’ math anxiety.
The Associations Of Maternal Emotion Dysregulation And Early Child Dissociative Behaviors

Although dissociation is believed to develop in early childhood, there is little research prospectively examining childhood dissociation or parental contributions related to its development. The current study sought to examine parent factors prospectively related to changes in dissociation symptoms in childhood. The current study sampled 68 mother-child dyads at two time points, when children were 3-4 and then 5-6 years, in which mothers with emotion dysregulation were oversampled. Maternal emotion dysregulation was assessed at both time points. Maternal dissociation was assessed only at time two. Child dissociation was assessed at each time point using a modified subscale of the Child Behavioral Checklist. Results showed moderate stability in childhood dissociation across time points. Further, maternal emotion dysregulation and dissociation were both significantly correlated with children's dissociation. Accounting for several covariates, time one maternal emotion dysregulation was prospectively associated with preschoolers' dissociative behaviors at 5-6 years old. The present work suggests that symptoms of dissociation can be observed early in childhood and that maternal factors play an early role in the development of dissociation in children.
Religious Attendance and the Social Support Trajectories of Older Mexican Americans.

In this paper, we directly assessed the extent to which the association between religious attendance and the social support trajectories of older Mexican Americans is due to selection (spurious) processes related to personality, health status, and health behavior. We employed seven waves of data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (1993–2010) to examine the association between religious attendance and perceived social support trajectories (n = 2479). We used growth mixture modeling to estimate latent classes of social support trajectories and multivariate multinomial logistic regression models to predict membership in the social support trajectory classes. Growth mixture estimates revealed three classes of social support trajectories: high, moderate, and low. Multinomial logistic regression estimates showed that the odds of membership in the low support trajectory class (versus the high social support trajectory class) were lower for respondents who attended religious services yearly, monthly, weekly, and more than weekly than for respondents who never attend religious services. Religious attendance could not distinguish between membership in the moderate and high support trajectory classes. These results persisted with adjustments for age, gender, immigrant status, language proficiency, education, income, religious affiliation, marital status, living arrangements, contact with family/friends, secular group memberships, self-esteem, smoking, heavy drinking, depression, cognitive functioning, and physical mobility. We conclude that the association between religious attendance and the social support trajectories of older Mexican Americans is primarily driven by processes related to social integration, not selection.
Percutaneous Lung Biopsy in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients.

Abstract Purpose To determine the diagnostic yield and safety of image-guided lung biopsies in immunocompromised pediatric patients. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective pediatric cohort study conducted from June 2000 to April 2017. Subjects were 0–17 years of age (median, 10 years of age). There were 46 males (48%). A total of 73 consecutive image-guided lung biopsies were performed in 68 patients (weight range, 4.9–97.3 kg [median, 25.3 kg]). The indication for biopsy was to isolate an organism to tailor medical therapy. All patients were immunocompromised with an underlying history of bone marrow transplantation (n = 50), primary immunodeficiency (n = 14), and solid organ transplantation (n = 4). Patient and technical factors were analyzed for rates of complication. Results Overall diagnostic yield was 43 of 73 patients (60%). There were 14 minor (19%) and 8 major (11%) complications. Major complications included pneumothorax or hemoptysis requiring intervention (n = 6), and death (n = 2). The histological diagnosis was an infectious cause in 5 of 8 major complications (63%). There were statistically significant differences between the rates of complications with the imaging modality used (P = .02) and the use of fine needle aspiration (P = .02). Conclusions Image-guided percutaneous lung biopsy can be helpful in isolating an organism to tailor therapy. Biopsies performed in immunosuppressed patients result in an elevated complication risk of up to 30% and demonstrate lower diagnostic yield and increased mortality, which should warrant detailed discussion with the primary team and family.
Psammoma bodies in Papanicolaou tests and associated factors to predict an underlying malignancy: a clinicopathological analysis of 10 cases

Introduction Psammoma bodies (PBs) are rarely encountered in Papanicolaou tests. They have been described in benign and malignant conditions of the gynecologic tract and peritoneum. The aim of our study was to reveal the associated factors with PBs in Papanicolaou tests to predict an underlying malignancy, particularly in the absence of atypical glandular cells (AGCs). Materials and methods From 1987 to 2018, all gynecologic cytology reports with PBs were identified from the computerized pathology database of Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts. Patients with previous history of gynecologic and/or peritoneal malignancy were excluded. Clinical information and follow-up data were obtained from chart review. Results PBs were found in 10 of the 1,497,540 Papanicolaou tests (0.0006%). Six patients with age ranging from 19 to 58 years (mean age, 37.6 years) had benign outcome (eg, endometritis, ovarian serous cystadenofibroma). Four patients with age ranging from 31 to 54 years (mean age, 41.7 years) had borderline/malignant outcome (eg, ovarian borderline serous tumor, peritoneal serous psammocarcinoma). All patients with borderline/malignant outcome had family history of cancer and/or gene mutation (eg, sister with breast cancer, father with BRCA-1 mutation). PBs were accompanied by AGCs in 2 of 4 borderline/malignant cases. Conclusions PBs should not be ignored in Papanicolaou tests because of their possible association with an underlying malignancy. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that relevant family history of cancer and/or gene mutation may be a helpful clue regarding an underlying malignancy, especially in the absence of accompanied AGCs with PBs.