cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Decrease in Rabbit Bladder Mucosal Glycoprotein after Oophorectomy

Hormonal manipulation has been shown to result in less efficient bladder clearance of bacteria. We describe the use of a double antibody technique to semiquantitatively demonstrate the diminution of bladder glycoproteins from the transitional epithelium in oophorectomized rabbits. Rabbit bladder glycoprotein was isolated and used to immunize Swiss-Webster mice. Bladders of normal and oophorectomized rabbits were sequentially stained with mouse antirabbit sera and fluoresceinated goat antimouse antibody. A significant loss of bladder epithelial glycoprotein was evident in oophorectomized rabbits as compared to controls. This study, utilizing a semiquantitative immunologic staining technique, suggests an intact glycoprotein layer is important in the bladder defense mechanism.
The Development Of Statistical Energy Analysis

This chapter focuses on the basic theory and procedures for application of a branch of study of dynamical systems called statistical energy analysis (SEA). Statistical emphasizes that the systems being studied are presumed to be drawn from populations of similar design construction having known distributions of their dynamical parameters. Energy denotes the primary variable of interest. Other dynamic variables such as displacement, pressure, etc., are found from the energy of vibration. The term analysis is used to emphasize that SEA is a framework of study, rather than a particular technique. Traditional analyses of the mechanical vibration of systems, such as machines and structures, have been directed at the lower few resonant modes because in many instances these modes tend to have the greatest displacement response, and the frequencies of excitation are fairly low. A characteristic of higher order mode analysis is basic uncertainty in modal parameters. If there is cause for statistical approaches from the nature of the dynamical problem, there is equal motivation from the viewpoint of application.
Assessment of cultural competence in Texas nursing faculty.

Abstract Background Cultural competence [CC] is an essential component of nursing education and nursing practice yet there is a gap in the research evaluating CC in faculty and how to practically develop this skillset for faculty members. Objectives To explore CC in faculty as evaluated with the Nurses' Cultural Competence Scale [NCCS] and apply the findings to the Purnell Model of Cultural Competence [PMCC] to guide professional development opportunities for faculty members. Design This was a concurrent mixed-methods study. Setting Faculty members teaching in Texas nursing programs were recruited for the study. Quantitative data was collected using an online survey tool and qualitative data was collected over the phone. Participants 89 Texas faculty members completed the quantitative strand and a subset of 10 faculty members completed the qualitative strand. Methods Descriptive statistics were used to examine the quantitative data and Strauss and Corbin's methodology guided the evaluation of the qualitative data. These two strands were used to support the results. Results Faculty in Texas are moderately culturally competent. The qualitative findings support the application of the PMCC to the areas identified by the NCCS. Conclusion The PMCC may be applied to the application of culture and values in nursing professional education as supported by the NCCS. Recommendations are to include the PMCC as a structure for the creation of professional development opportunities for faculty.
Combining model-based measurement results of critical dimensions from multiple tools

Model-based measurement techniques use experimental data and simulations of the underlying physics to extract quantitative estimates of the measurands of a specimen based upon a parametric model of that specimen. The uncertainties of these estimates are based upon not only the uncertainties in the experimental data, but also the sensitivity of that data to the model parameters, and parametric correlations among those parameters. The combination of two or more model-based techniques is shown to be optimal for obtaining the lowest possible uncertainties, even compared to the Bayesian methods. As an example, using this form of hybrid metrology, state-of-the-art sub-14 nm-wide lines from semiconductor manufacturing are measured using a combined regression from critical-dimension small-angle x-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy that leads to lower uncertainties.
Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), one of the most genetically heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorders, exhibits rare de novo and inherited variants in over 700 genes. The societal burden of ASD is debilitating with profound economic liabilities exceeding those of cancer, stroke, and heart disease combined. This chapter provides an overview of ASD genetics and its complexity, an understanding which has been attained through advances in genomics and statistical genetics. We begin by discussing the contribution of chromosomal abnormalities and copy number variants to ASD and subsequently reviewing syndromic ASD genes. Following a discussion of nonsyndromic ASD, arising from de novo and inherited rare single nucleotide variants, we conclude with a discussion of current methods in molecular diagnosis and the promise of merging genomics, statistical genetics, and clinical informatics for designing individualized treatment in a disorder with a complex genetic architecture.
Capacity Constraints and Asymmetric Cost Behavior

This paper provides a formal model to help understand and motivate the empirical "sticky" cost literature. The verbal arguments used to generate hypotheses in the sticky cost literature emphasize the costs of adding or removing capacity and are often concerned with how managers are likely to react to various scenarios involving more or less excess capacity. Likewise, the model in this paper focuses on the decision to expand or contract capacity, which is a constraint that either limits output or results in a discontinuous increase in marginal cost. Tests run on simulated data from this model are strikingly similar to the results of tests on real world data and suggest that the formal model captures important real world phenomenon.
Taking a New Look at an Old Concept: A Review of Leadership Development in Ghana

In this paper, we review leadership development from both historical and contemporary perspectives. We tell the story of Ghana about Leadership Development (LD) and present a critical analysis of current literature to bring to light practices used to ensure leadership effectiveness. Because of the diverse socio-economic contexts and social systems that exist in Ghana, indigenous models for leadership development are complex and tedious to assimilate. We review work on the contributions made by the customs and traditions of Ghana, religion, and formal education to leadership development. Other contemporary views on leadership development including political leadership are also discussed. Furthermore, a comparison is made regarding the strengths, weaknesses, and the commonalities of the leadership development models.
'Cochlear view' plain radiograph: A simple reliable positioning method.

Introduction: The plain ‘cochlear view’ radiograph for checking cochlear implant electrode coiling and depth of insertion is strongly influenced by positioning. The best accuracy and inter-observer agreement are achieved with the X-ray beam passing through the axis of the modiolus, which is perpendicular to the plane of the basal turn of the cochlea. The basal turn of the cochlea generally is 45 from the head’s sagittal plane.Objective: To describe a simple reliable technique of patient positioning to maximize the accuracy of postoperative radiographs in the evaluation of cochlear electrode insertion.Methods: This is a description of patient positioning and radiographic technique for intra-operatively checking the position of the electrode array of a cochlear implant. For the surgery, the patient’s head is rolled 60° to the side, and the head stabilized in/on a Mayfield horseshoe headrest. For the X-ray, the operating table is rolled 15° toward the operated ear. The central X-ray beam from the C-arm is di...
Analytical models of the geometric properties of solid and hollow architected lattice cellular materials

New closed-form analytical equations for volume fractions and surface-area-to-volume ratios for architected lattice cellular materials are derived. Prior approximate equations which erroneously over count overlapping volumes and the associated surface area are commonly used in the literature. These equations are found to have up to 184% error for volume fraction calculations for hollow lattices and 211% error for surface-area-to-volume ratio calculations, thus necessitating computational methods to arrive at accurate geometric properties for cellular lattice materials. This work derives new equations which are accurate to better than 1% for both volume fraction and surface-area-to-volume ratio as compared to the computational models. These new equations for cellular lattice materials are applicable to both pyramidal and tetrahedral unit cells as well as to both hollow and solid lattice members. By eliminating the need for numerical models to compute accurate volume fractions and surface-area-to-volume ratios of architected cellular materials, these new analytical equations will enable accurate yet computationally efficient optimization of the physical properties of architected cellular materials.
The use and effectiveness of interactive progressive drawing in anatomy education

Anatomical relationships are challenging concepts for first-year medical students. The use of progressive drawing, where an image is created from a blank template, has long been utilized for outlining anatomical relationships and continuity from one region to another, and has shown positive outcomes for student learning. More recently, computerized progressive drawing has been introduced; however, challenges, including issues with visual clarity, have been described. In this study, 17 computerized screencasts of drawings covering neurovasculature of the limbs, abdomen, pelvis, head, and neck were created and provided to first-year medical students at Morehouse School of Medicine. An animated method for drawing was utilized to increase visual clarity. Surveys were provided to 181 first-year medical students to collect feedback about these screencasts. Sixty percent (n = 108) of students completed at least one survey. Respondents rated all 17 screencasts with a minimum of 4.7/5 for helpfulness in learning the material for course examinations. A majority of students (77.8%) reported viewing the screencasts more than once on at least one survey, and students reported varying methods for utilizing the screencasts. A majority of students provided positive feedback relating to technical quality. Some significant differences in course performance were seen based on screencast usage. The positive responses from students indicate that this is a useful method in medical education. Anat Sci Educ 11: 445-460. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.
Isolation, characterization and strain selection of a Paenibacillus species for use as a probiotic to aid in ruminal methane mitigation, nitrate/nitrite detoxification and food safety.

The effects of dietary nitrate and Paenibacillus 79R4 (79R4), a denitrifying bacterium, when co-administered as a probiotic, on methane emissions, nitrate and nitrite-metabolizing capacity and fermentation characteristics were studied in vitro. Mixed populations of rumen microbes inoculated with 79R4 metabolized all levels of nitrite studied after 24 h in vitro incubation. Results from in vitro simulations resulted in up to 2 log10 colony forming unit reductions in E. coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter jejuni when these were co-cultured with 79R4. Nitrogen gas was the predominant final product of nitrite reduction by 79R4. When tested with nitrate-treated incubations of rumen microbes, 79R4 inoculation (provided to achieve 106 cells/mL rumen fluid volume) complemented the ruminal methane-decreasing potential of nitrate (P < 0.05) while concurrently increasing fermentation efficiency and enhancing ruminal nitrate and nitrite-metabolizing activity (P < 0.05) compared to untreated and nitrate only-treated incubations.
Safety and Tolerability of Moxifloxacin in Children.

Objectives Moxifloxacin is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for pediatric use. Although its use might be indicated under certain conditions, data regarding its safety and tolerability in pediatric patients are limited. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of systemic moxifloxacin therapy in children. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients aged <18 years who received oral or intravenous moxifloxacin at our institution between January 2011 and July 2016. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, indication for moxifloxacin use, and adverse events (AEs) were extracted via chart review. The attribution of AEs to moxifloxacin use was adjudicated in consultation with a pediatric infectious disease (ID) pharmacist. Results We identified 221 patients who received 300 courses of moxifloxacin. The average age at moxifloxacin initiation was 10.4 years. One or more AEs occurred during 195 (65%) of the courses. Of the 463 distinct AEs, 46 (9.9%) were attributed to moxifloxacin. AEs attributed to moxifloxacin included corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation (18 [6%] courses), transaminase level elevation (7 [2.3%] courses), and increased bilirubin level (3 [1%] courses). AEs led to moxifloxacin discontinuation in 18 (6%) courses. ID consultation was associated with QTc (P < .001) and transaminase (P = .002) monitoring. Conclusions AEs that occur during pediatric moxifloxacin therapy are relatively common but rarely serious enough to require premature discontinuation. The drug might be used safely in most children with monitoring, including evaluation for QTc prolongation, and guidance from ID specialists.
An integer programming model for vaccine procurement and delivery for childhood immunization: a pilot study.

The National Immunization Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has identified several challenges that must be faced in childhood immunization programs to deliver and procure vaccines to protect against the common preventable diseases. The biomedical challenge is how to combine and formulate products to take advantage of new vaccines without requiring additional injections. A programmatic challenge is to incorporate them into already crowded immunization schedules. The economic challenge is to make wise procurement choices from among a growing number of competing products. This paper reports the results of a pilot study using operations research methodologies to address the third of these challenges. The pilot is an integer programming model for procuring vaccines for a set of childhood diseases. The model is studied under various scenarios (minimum total cost, next lowest total cost, maximum total cost, minimum total cost with all manufacturers represented). The results of this pilot study demonstrate how a practical set of operations research tools can be developed to guide vaccine selection and procurement, which might stimulate the development of innovations in new vaccines to meet the challenges of disease control through immunization.
Comrades in the Struggle? Feminist Women Prefer Male Allies Who Offer Autonomy- not Dependency-Oriented Help

Feminist women view feminist men who take a backseat and offer partial help (i.e., autonomy-oriented support) as better allies than those who attempt to solve the problem themselves and who impose their will on the movement (i.e., dependency-oriented support). We support this idea in two experiments (ns = 96; 270) conducted in the United States. Further, we show that this preference is limited to women who are most motivated to challenge gender inequality, that is, those who strongly identify with feminists (Study 2). Our findings are important because although men are more willing to challenge gender inequality if they identify with feminists (Wiley et al. 2013), not all allied support is wanted or even helpful (Droogendyk et al. 2016), and some feminist men run the risk of reinforcing the very gender hierarchy that they seek to dismantle. Our studies shift the focus in research on allied activism from whether men will support women when they challenge gender inequality to what kind of support women actually want. Implications for psychological research on intergroup relations and feminist scholarship are considered.
Seizure detection devices for use in antiseizure medication clinical trials: A systematic review.

Abstract Objective This study characterizes the current capabilities of seizure detection device (SDD) technology and evaluates the fitness of these devices for use in anti-seizure medication (ASM) clinical trials. Methods Through a systematic literature review, 36 wireless SDDs featured in published device validation studies were identified. Each device’s seizure detection capabilities that addressed ASM clinical trial primary endpoint measurement needs were cataloged. Results The two most common types of seizures targeted by ASMs in clinical trials are generalized tonic-clonic (GTC) seizures and focal with impaired awareness (FIA) seizures. The Brain Sentinel SPEAC achieved the highest performance for the detection of GTC seizures (F1-score = 0.95). A non-commercial wireless EEG device achieved the highest performance for the detection of FIA seizures (F1-score = 0.88). Discussion A preliminary assessment of device capabilities for measuring selected ASM clinical trial secondary endpoints was performed. The need to address key limitations in validation studies is highlighted in order to support future assessments of SDD fitness for ASM clinical trial use. In tandem, a stepwise framework to streamline device testing is put forth. These suggestions provide a starting point for establishing SDD reporting requirements before device integration into ASM clinical trials.
Functional Status of Xylem Through Time

Water transport in vascular plants represents a critical component of terrestrial water cycles and supplies the water needed for the exchange of CO2 in the atmosphere for photosynthesis. Yet, many fundamental principles of water transport are difficult to assess given the scale and location of plant xylem. Here we review the mechanistic principles that underpin long-distance water transport in vascular plants, with a focus on woody species. We also discuss the recent development of noninvasive tools to study the functional status of xylem networks in planta. Limitations of current methods to detect drought-induced xylem blockages (e.g., embolisms) and quantify corresponding declines in sap flow, and the coordination of hydraulic dysfunction with other physiological processes are assessed. Future avenues of research focused on cross-validation of plant hydraulics methods are discussed, as well as a proposed fundamental shift in the theory and methodology used to characterize and measure plant water use.
Molecular Diagnostics in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (NHLs) are a diverse collection of malignant neoplasms of lymphoid cell origin which include all the malignant lymphomas that are not classified as Hodgkin lymphoma. NHL is the sixth most common type of cancer diagnosed in men and women in the United Kingdom. In the United States of America the past four decades have seen nearly an 80% rise in the incidence of NHL, one of the largest increases observed among any cancer. With improved understanding of biology, data from sequential disease-based clinical trials as well as better supportive care, the outcome of NHL has improved dramatically over the last several decades. Using conventional therapy, depending on subtype and stage, the majority of young adults with NHL can be cured. New insights into the molecular pathogenesis of NHL combined with recent headways in molecular biology and genetics have led to the discovery of several oncogenic pathways involved in lymphomagenesis, which in turn has augmented the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for NHL patients. This review describes the presentation and evaluation of NHL and summarizes the current concepts about molecular diagnostics of the common subtypes.
Longitudinal and transverse elastic waves in 1D granular materials modeled as micromorphic continua

Abstract In this paper, the granular micromechanics approach proposed by Misra and Poorsolhjouy (2016) is used to study the dispersive behavior of granular materials in response to elastic deformation waves. This study is motivated by the typical lack of connection between the mathematical models, the parameters involved, and the physics of granular materials. Therefore, extensive parametric studies are carried out in order to understand how each intergranular stiffness coefficient contributes to the dispersive behavior of the material. Two cases of one dimensional wave propagation problems have been investigated. Case 1 focuses upon longitudinal wave propagation in a one dimensional continuum, while case 2 considers transverse wave propagation in a one dimensional continuum that has a two-dimensional micro-structure. Results predict the emergence of frequency band gaps and negative group velocities for certain values of the parameters involved. Such phenomena can be produced by starting from the micro-structure and producing materials for which the inter-granular stiffness parameters are the ones the granular micromechanics approach predict. This, however, is not a one to one mapping, and therefore, sets of solutions to achieve a particular behavior might exist. Therefore, granular micromechanics provides a systematic material design process, eliminating ad-hoc processes and potentially leading to large data libraries.
Depression and activity-limiting fall worry among older adults: longitudinal reciprocal relationships.

Objectives:Late-life depression, falls, and fall worry are public health problems. While previous research confirms the cross-sectional relationship between depression and fall worry, few longitudinal studies have examined whether changes in fall worry are associated with changes in depressive illness and vice versa. This study examined longitudinal relationships between probable major depression (PMD) and activity-limiting fall worry (ALW).Design, Setting, Participants, Measurements:This longitudinal panel observational study used data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) waves 5 (referred to as T1 in this study) and 6 (T2), conducted in 2015 and 2016, respectively (N = 6,299, aged 65 and older). We examined associations of new and continued ALW between T1 and T2 with T2 PMD, controlling for T1 PMD; and associations of new and continued PMD between T1 and T2 with T2 ALW, controlling for T1 ALW. We used χ2 and t tests for descriptive statistics and logistic regression for multivariable analysis.Results:Those with new ALW at T2 had significantly greater odds of T2 PMD compared to those without ALW at both time points (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.98−3.51), and those with new PMD at T2 had significantly greater odds of T2 ALW (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.66−3.52). Those with continued PMD also had greater odds of T2 ALW compared to those without PMD at either time point (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.62−3.29).Conclusions:The findings add to knowledge about bidirectional (mutually reinforcing) relationships between depression and activity-limiting fall worry. Innovative interventions are needed to reduce both late-life depression and activity-limiting fall worry.
Exposure to silver nanoparticles primes mast cells for enhanced activation through the high-affinity IgE receptor.

Abstract Mast cells are a key effector cell in type I allergic reactions. It has been shown that environmental exposures such as diesel exhaust and heavy metals exacerbate mast cell degranulation and activation. Today, the use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is rapidly expanding and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are one of the mostly widely utilized ENMs, primarily for their antimicrobial properties, and are being incorporated into many consumer and biomedical products. We assessed whether pre-exposure of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) to 20 nm AgNPs enhanced degranulation and activation to an allergen (dinitrophenol-conjugated human serum albumin) by measuring β-hexosaminidase release, LTB4 and IL-6 production. In addition, we assessed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell oxidative stress and toxicity as well as total and individual protein tyrosine phosphorylation (p-Tyr). We found that pre-exposure of BMMCs to AgNPs results in exacerbated allergen-mediated mast cell degranulation, LTB4 production and IL-6 release. Exposure of BMMCs to AgNPs exacerbated allergen-induced ROS generation, however, this was not associated with oxidative stress nor cell death. Finally, pre-exposure to AgNPs enhanced allergen-mediated global p-Tyr as well as individual proteins including Syk, PLCγ and LAT. Our findings indicate that pre-exposure to AgNPs exacerbates mast cell allergen-mediated phosphorylation of FceR1-linked tyrosine kinases and ROS generation resulting in amplified early and late-phase responses. These findings suggest that exposure to AgNPs has the potential to prime mast cells to allergic immune responses, which could be of particular concern to atopic populations as the use of AgNPs in consumer and biomedical products rapidly increases.
The Onset and Maintenance of Human Lactation and its Endocrine Regulation

Abstract Lactation is a defining aspect of mammalian reproduction that requires a mother to undergo demanding and fascinating physiological changes that support the survival and growth of her newborn. A mother’s preparation for milk production begins as early as during her own fetal development, when epithelial tissue first develops within the breasts, and continues through puberty and adulthood, as the breast epithelium reaches sexual maturity. The epithelial tissue of the breast fully differentiates only in response to the pronounced endocrine changes of pregnancy. However, the onset of copious milk secretion remains blocked until after parturition, when progesterone levels drop following expulsion of the placenta. As lactation becomes established, a mother’s body must respond to meet the extensive nutritional demands of milk production through various adaptations, including increased food intake, the mobilization of fat and bone stores, and increased glucose production. In this chapter, we summarize the key events during breast growth, lactation and maternal adaptation, and their endocrine regulation.
Evaluation of Cooked Flavor for Fifteen Potato Genotypes and the Correlation of Sensory Analysis to Instrumental Methods

Fifteen potato genotypes were evaluated for flavor and related components using sensory analysis, metabolite analysis, and an instrumental measurement of hardness over two growing seasons. Bake and boil cooking methods were also compared. Several sensory attributes had a significant variation in both years, where positive or negative correlations to overall quality determined desirable or undesirable attributes, respectively. Desirable attributes in both years were potato-like and mealy texture, while undesirable attributes were bitter, earthy, and other off-flavors. Significant desirable attributes limited to a single season were buttery, creamy, and sweet. Significant undesirable attributes restricted to a single season were aroma intensity and woody. Relative amounts of metabolites across genotype and cooking methods were significantly different for 14 metabolites in 2015 and 30 metabolites in 2016. Metabolites consisted of hydrocarbons, terpenes, alcohols, an acid, furans, aldehydes, ketones, as well as halogenic, nitrogenous, and sulfurous compounds. Flavor is an inherently complex phenotypic trait that is difficult to assess without subjective sensory analysis, however, flavor biomarkers may enable objective high-throughput flavor phenotyping. Candidate metabolites for potato flavor biomarkers found in this study include furfural for buttery, potato-like, and umami; 2-ethylfuran, 2-pentylfuran, isomenthone, methional, 2-phenylacetaldehyde, dimethyl trisfulfide, and 2,2,3,4-tetramethylpentane for potato-like; 3-methylpentane for aroma intensity, bitter, earthy, woody, and other off-flavors; 2-methoxy-3-propan-2-ylpyrazine for aroma intensity; 3,4,5-trimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one for bitter; pentan-1-ol for earthy; 2-pentylfuran, (E)-hept-2-enal, pentanal, and (E)-2-methylpent-2-en-1-ol for woody; and 5-methylhexan-2-one for other off-flavors. Further, instrumental measurements of hardness were negatively correlated to mealy texture. Biomarkers, if validated, have the potential to enable objective flavor phenotyping, which would allow for more efficient flavor improvement within conventional breeding programs.
Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction Is Associated With Increased Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation.

Background Coronary artery disease risk factors are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary endothelial dysfunction (CED). We hypothesized that CED is associated with increased risk o...
Predictors of Treatment Satisfaction Among Adolescents Following an Intensive Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for Panic Disorder.

No studies to date examine predictors of treatment satisfaction following intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy interventions among adolescents. Given the challenges to treatment adherence among adolescents, and the promise intensive interventions hold for providing rapid symptom relief and increasing access to care, data examining adolescents’ satisfaction with intensive programs are needed. Twenty-four adolescents (ages 12–17) with panic disorder received an eight-day intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention. Pre-treatment characteristics and clinical outcome variables were examined as predictors of satisfaction at post-treatment and three-months follow-up. Multiple regression analyses revealed that higher levels of overall symptom interference at baseline and greater reductions in agoraphobic fear during treatment predicted greater treatment satisfaction at post-treatment. Only satisfaction at post-treatment significantly predicted treatment satisfaction at follow-up, highlighting the potential influence of treatment satisfaction on long-term perceptions of treatment. Considerations for fostering treatment satisfaction in the context of intensive interventions are discussed.
Analysis of Survival Outcomes Based on Hemodialysis Requirement after Heart Transplantation

Purpose We sought to analyze whether the requirement of hemodialysis after heart transplantation affects post-transplant outcomes of heart transplant recipients. Methods In the UNOS registry, from 1994 to 2020, we identified 50,503 heart transplant recipients who did not receive hemodialysis (HD) in their post-transplant course (NON-HD), and 5,159 who did receive HD in their post-transplant course (YES-HD). Baseline characteristics were compared with respect to age, gender, race, and baseline hemodynamics, and Kaplan-Meyer survival analysis was performed. Results There was a significantly lower survival at 30 days (79% vs. 97%), 1 year (55% vs. 92%), 5 years (43% vs. 78%), and 10 years (31% vs. 60%) in the YES-HD compared to the NON-HD group (log rank, p Conclusion Heart transplant recipients requiring dialysis at discharge (YES-HD) have significantly increased mortality compared to the NON-HD group. This population is associated with markers of increased acuity. Further investigation is required to assess the factors contributing to poorer outcomes in patients requiring dialysis after transplantation, including how to mitigate this and when to consider multi-organ transplantation.
Postoperative complications after non-obstetric surgery among pregnant patients in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, 2005-2012.

Abstract Background To examine whether pregnant patients have higher risk of major 30-day postoperative complications compared with their non-pregnant counterparts after non-obstetric surgery. Methods A secondary analysis of the prospective National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) from 2005 to 2012 of pregnant patients 18–51 years old, without surgery in the preceding 30 days, and who underwent a non-obstetrical operation. The primary outcome was composite 30-day major postoperative complications. We used modified Poisson regression. Results Among 354,251 assessed patients, 3655 (1%) were pregnant. The overall incidence of 30-day major postoperative complication was 6%, and did not vary by pregnancy status. Pregnant patients were not at higher risk of 30-day major postoperative complications compared to non-pregnant patients following non-obstetric surgery. This held for most procedures, except pregnant patients were at a higher risk of complications with colorectal and hernia surgeries. Secondarily, pregnant patients were at higher risk of transfusion. Conclusions Pregnant patients are generally not at higher risk of major postoperative complications following non-obstetric surgery. This information can be used when counseling pregnant patients about the risks versus benefits of non-obstetric surgery.
Role of molar concentration in NiCo2O4 nanoparticles synthesis for supercapacitor applications

Abstract NiCo2O4 nanoparticles have been widely investigated in recent times for applications in storage devices especially in supercapacitors due to their high redox activity, high specific capacitance and excellent ion exchange capability. The present work features the molar concentrations effect of Nickel (Ni) and Cobalt (Co) in synthesizing NiCo2O4 nanoparticles as an ideal electrode material for supercapacitors. Properties of the as-synthesized NiCo2O4 nanoparticles are evaluated and compared using various characterization studies such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) tools. Based on the results acquired from the mentioned analytical tools, the best concentration ratio is identified and further the optimized sample is investigated using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The electrochemical analysis of the optimized sample suggests that it would be an effectual electrode material applicant for energy storage devices especially in supercapacitors.
A Long-acting tetracycline for treatment of Pasteurella pneumonia in calves

Fourteen Holstein steer calves were stressed by wetting alternately with hot and cold water 30, 28, 24 and 8 h before inoculation of 20 infective units of Pasteurella multocida by endotracheal tube. After 2 h all calves were dull, anorexic, had increased respiratory rate with coughing, and increased rectal temperature. Five calves were then injected with 2.27 mg/kg of a tetracycline T-50 (50mg oxytetracycline/ml) and 5 with a long-acting tetracycline T-200 (200 mg oxytetracycline/ml). Clinical symptoms persisted in the unmedicated calves and two died after 20 and 72h. Calves treated with T-50 recovered after 16h, while those treated with T-200 recovered slowly; there was no obvious improvement by 16h. However, after 2 days there was no difference between T-50 and T-200 treatments.
Semi-conducting cyclic copolymers of acetylene and propyne

Abstract Polyacetylene (PA) exhibits conductivities comparable to metals after doping, yet the extremely low solubility of PA limits its processing and utility. Introducing pendent groups can alter the properties of PA. Copolymerizing acetylene and propyne using Zieglar-Natta type catalysts affords linear poly(acetylene-co-propyne) as free-standing films. However, this process requires grams of catalysts and extensive workup. Cyclic polyacetylene is a unique topological isomer of linear polyacetylene. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of cyclic poly(acetylene-co-propyne) as thin, flexible films with extremely low catalyst loading (milligrams) and easy purification. Altering the feed ratio of acetylene and propyne produces copolymers with different acetylene/propyne incorporations. The films exhibit similar conductivities as linear copolymers after doping. The soluble portions of different cyclic copolymers exhibit low acetylene incorporation. TGA analysis reveals the cyclic copolymers are less thermally stable than cyclic PA, with the stability dependent on the ratio of acetylene and propyne incorporation.
The performance of solar PV modules with two glass types after 11 years of outdoor exposure under the mediterranean climatic conditions

Abstract This paper presents an analysis, assessment, and investigation of the degradation performance of the monocrystalline silicon PV modules with two glass types (Float, Textured) exposed outdoor for eleven years under Mediterranean climate conditions in northern Algeria, Bouzareah city, Algeria. In this regard, several protocol tests, experimental and measurement procedures have been developed according to IEC 61215-2 requirements in order to inspect the performance of deployed PV modules by considering their glass types. Where, they have been the subject of several PV inspections such as visual, electrical, PV characterization, and temperature coefficients and thermographic …etc. The inspections, classifications, and statistical analysis results reveal that the deployed PV modules with two glass types suffer mainly from optical failure occurrences. The measured electrical PV parameters ( P max , I sc , V oc , and FF) of the deployed PV modules have been reduced with annual degradation (1.04%/year, 0.5%/year, 0.3%/year, and 1.04 %/year). In the same way, the temperature coefficients have been influenced by the PV modules degradations as well. Besides, some of the deployed PV modules characteristic curves suffered from inflex point’s exhibition. The thermal inspections show that the deployed PV modules regardless of their glass types caused by the inhomogeneity distribution of the optical failures are significantly affected by minor temperature mismatch. This paper investigates and discusses as well several correlation proposals between the presented PV inspections by considering multiple impacts between these inspections and the performance of the deployed PV modules with their two glass types in view to better understand the PV module degradation.
Non-Systemic Vasculitic Neuropathy: An Enigmatic Clinical Entity.

Patient: Female, 63 Final Diagnosis: Non-systemic vasculitic peripheral neuropathy Symptoms: Paresthesia Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Sural nerve biopsy Specialty: Rheumatology Objective: Challenging differential diagnosis
Pathophysiology and Management of Myocardial Infarction

Acute obstruction of a coronary artery is the most common cause of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The most common clinical presentation of myocardial infarction is acute chest pain. It is essential that initial assessment and management be rapid but methodical and evidence based focusing on distinguishing between chest pain secondary to acute coronary syndrome and that caused by nonischemic etiologies. Early revascularization is the mainstay of improving outcomes. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) supported by appropriate antithrombotic therapy is the preferred approach when rapidly available. Guideline-directed medical therapy, secondary prevention, and lifestyle modification complement successful long-term management. In this chapter, we will discuss the management of acute STEMI, highlighting some important key elements in the pathophysiology of and mechanisms by which STEMI can develop.
Cardiac catheterization laboratory inpatient forecast tool: a prospective evaluation.

Objective To develop and prospectively evaluate a web-based tool that forecasts the daily bed need for admissions from the cardiac catheterization laboratory using routinely available clinical data within electronic medical records (EMRs). Methods The forecast model was derived using a 13-month retrospective cohort of 6384 catheterization patients. Predictor variables such as demographics, scheduled procedures, and clinical indicators mined from free-text notes were input to a multivariable logistic regression model that predicted the probability of inpatient admission. The model was embedded into a web-based application connected to the local EMR system and used to support bed management decisions. After implementation, the tool was prospectively evaluated for accuracy on a 13-month test cohort of 7029 catheterization patients. Results The forecast model predicted admission with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.722. Daily aggregate forecasts were accurate to within one bed for 70.3% of days and within three beds for 97.5% of days during the prospective evaluation period. The web-based application housing the forecast model was used by cardiology providers in practice to estimate daily admissions from the catheterization laboratory. Discussion The forecast model identified older age, male gender, invasive procedures, coronary artery bypass grafts, and a history of congestive heart failure as qualities indicating a patient was at increased risk for admission. Diagnostic procedures and less acute clinical indicators decreased patients’ risk of admission. Despite the site-specific limitations of the model, these findings were supported by the literature. Conclusion Data-driven predictive analytics may be used to accurately forecast daily demand for inpatient beds for cardiac catheterization patients. Connecting these analytics to EMR data sources has the potential to provide advanced operational decision support.
Introduction to the Special Section: A Relational-Existential Psychology: Ethics and Embodiment

From October 4 to October 6, 2014, the second Psychology and the Other conference convened in Cambridge, MA, with nearly 500 individuals hailing from over 50 countries around the world. The shared ...
Representations Using Formal Logics

First page of article Keywords: logic; cognitive science; representation; knowledge representation; reasoning; cognitive illusions; psychology of reasoning; mental models; mental logic; mental metalogic
Culturable and non-culturable fractions of bacterial populations in sediments of a South Carolina stream

Population sizes of three bacterial species were examined in stream benthic habitats to assess differences in distribution and culturability among species. Population sizes were determined in sediments (both near bank and mid-channel) from three sites along Four Mile Creek (South Carolina, USA) using both culture-dependent (colony hybridization) and culture-independent (fluorescent in situ hybridization) techniques. The two methods used yielded different results. The numbers of colony forming units (CFU) of each species were similar in pattern to that found when the total number of CFU was enumerated (i.e., greater abundance in bank sediments and at downstream sites). In situ hybridization revealed a different distribution of these bacterial populations. Population sizes of the species were similar among sites. By using both the culture-based method and the culture-independent methods, the culturability of each species could be determined. The culturability of each species was at times much higher than the culturability of the overall assemblage. In spite of this higher culturability, viable but non-culturable cells commonly dominated the populations examined. These findings suggest that not only do bacterial species differ in population size and distribution, but also that cells within a population differ in their physiological state, or response to their environment, as reflected in differences in culturability.
SEPARATION OF 2-BUTYNE-1,4-DIOL, ITS MONOESTERS AND DIESTERS: A COMPARISON OF GLASS-PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY AND THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY.

Abstract Excellent separations of the five glycol ester mixtures was achieved with treated glass paper and with silica-gel-coated plates. In the separation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol from its monoesters and diesters, thin-layer chromatography offers several advantages over glass-paper chromatography, specifically: 1. The spots are uniformly smaller and more compact. 2. No tailing was ever observed with silica-gel-coated plates, however, on treated glass paper all the monoesters tailed regardless of the conditions employed. 3. The reproducibility of RF values from plate to plate and from one lot of silica gel to another is good, significantly better than the reproducibility achieved with different sheets of glass paper. 4. The time required to coat the plates is very short compared to the time required to treat glass paper. 5. The useful range for separating these esters by thin-layer chromatography is seven fold the useful range that obtained with treated glass paper. 6. The RF values of the acetate esters separated on silica-gel-coated plates were reasonably constant and did not vary significantly with concentration. The RF values for the acetate esters separated on 2% sodium silicate-treated glass paper gradually increased with increasing concentration of the solution applied to the paper. This observation suggests that the adsorption isotherm for ester separated on silica-gel plates is linear, whereas the adsorption isotherm for the esters separated on treated glass paper is convex. 7. There is significant interaction of both the monoacetate and diacetate with the silica-gel substrate on the silica-gel plates.
Insurgent Metaphors: Decentering 9/11 in Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows

This article examines the novels The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) by Mohsin Hamid and Burnt Shadows (2009) by Kamila Shamsie as significant examples of Pakistani writing in English after 9/11. Popular American discourse has remained mostly concerned with the cultural peculiarities of non-western and Islamic cultures such as those of Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan, especially as they coalesce in the figure of the terrorist. Thus, in the reevaluation of feeling, memory, and history prompted by 9/11, the multiple and shifting notions of the “other” now converge to form a singular threat. This figure of decrepitude, prevalently constructed with the accompanying markers of illiteracy, fundamentalism, hatred, and violence, is rearticulated in Hamid and Shamsie's novels to produce the disempowered refugee, the disenchanted immigrant, and the dissident citizen.
Grandmother Power: A Global Phenomenon, by P. Gianturco

Grandmother Power: A Global Phenomenon profiles the experience of 120 grandmothers across 15 countries and 5 continents who have used their talents, experiences, and sheer determination to form gro...
Effect of anode ring arrangement on the spectroscopic characteristics of the NASA Lewis Bumpy Torus plasma

The modified Penning discharge in the NASA Lewis Bumpy Torus is normally produced by an anode ring at high voltage in each of the 12 magnetic mirror midplanes. For this investigation, the plasma was run with 12, 6, 3, and 1 anode rings. When 3 anode rings were used, the spectroscopically determined relative electron density and mean ion residence time increase by factors of 10 and 5, respectively, in one mode of operation. The discharge is observed to uniformly fill all bumps around the torus regardless of the anode arrangement and number. A plasma density on axis of 10 to the 11th power cm/3 is estimated for the 3 anode case in one mode of operation based on an observed discharge current to ion loss rate correlation and a measured mean ion residence time of .5 msec.
Remarks concerning effective electron-neutral particle collision cross sections in noble gases

Abstract Certain statements in an earlier letter require clarification. They will be elaborated upon in the present note.