cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Intense pulsed light and Nd:YAG laser non-ablative treatment of facial rhytids.

Background and Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the intense pulsed light source (IPL) and the Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of facial rhytids. Both systems can be used in a non-ablative manner and cause a dermal wound. This is thought to stimulate the production of new collagen without epidermal disruption. Non-ablative techniques eliminate the downtime that must be endured by patients treated with ablative methods such as the carbon dioxide and erbium lasers. Study Design/Materials and Methods Fifteen subjects with perioral rhytids and Fitzpatrick skin types II and III received three-to-five treatments with the IPL using 590 and 755 nm cut-off filters, and the 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser. The subjects were evaluated at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after the final treatment for improvement in rhytids and presence of any side effects. Results At 6 months, the patient satisfaction score (1–10) was comparable in all three groups. Evaluator assessment of improved skin quality was also similar in all three treatment groups. Side effects such as blistering and erythema were most commonly seen in the subjects treated with the IPL. The least discomfort was seen with the Nd:YAG laser. Conclusions Although both non-ablative treatment systems improved facial rhytids presumably by causing a non-specific dermal wound, the Nd:YAG laser was better tolerated and produced fewer side effects. Lasers Surg. Med. 28:141–144, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Quality of Life in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer is a rapidly fatal disease with palliation often serving as the main goal of treatment. The end of life is often marked by severe symptoms and poor quality of life (QoL). Several studies presented at the 2012 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium addressed the importance of symptom identification and management for patients with pancreatic cancer: 1) a study evaluating the correlation between patient-reported symptoms, disease burden and treatment duration in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing gemcitabine-based chemotherapy (Abstract #370); 2) a Japanese study found that patients without worsening of pain or sleep symptoms at one month of chemotherapy had higher frequency of disease control (Abstract #195); and 3) a study showed that fear of cancer recurrence is a substantial problem following resection and should be targeted (Abstract #289). The authors summarize the findings and discuss the importance of QoL in these patients. The results of these studies may facilitate in identifying symptom changes as predictive markers, and improving care and QoL for patients with this devastating disease.
MULTILINEAR SINGULAR INTEGRALS

We survey the thoery of multilinear singular integral operators with modulation symmetry. The basic example for this theory is the bilinear Hilbert transform and its multilinear variants. We outline a proof of boundedness of Carleson's operator which shows the close connection of this operator to multilinear singular inte- grals. We discuss particular multilinear singular integrals which historically arose in the study of eigenfunctions of Schrodinger operators. This survey article arose from a series of three expository lectures given at the 6th International Conference on Harmonic Analysis and Partial Di! erential Equations at El Escorial 2000. I would like to thank the organizers for organizing this stimulating and successful conference. The article is divided into three chapters following the three lectures at El Escorial. The first section gives an introduction into the subject of multilinear singular integrals with modulation symmetries as it has evolved over the past five years. The second section presents a proof of boundedness of the Carleson operator, the essential ingredient in the proof of Carleson's theorem on almost everywhere convergence of Fourier series. We follow closely the work (29), with additional comments as pre- sented during the lecture. While Carleson's operator is not a multilinear operator itself, it serves as a good model for the type of arguments used in the theory: thus the theory extends to other objects than multilinear operators. The third section is again purely expository and gives an overview of how the discussed theory of multilinear singular integrals plays a role in eigenfunction expansions of one dimensional Schrodinger operators. In fact, some of the most prominent objects in the theory such as the bilinear Hilbert transform and Carleson's operator enter directly into these multilinear expansions.
A2M: Access-Assured Mobile Desktop Computing

Continued improvements in network bandwidth, cost, and ubiquitous access are enabling service providers to host desktop computing environments to address the complexity, cost, and mobility limitations of today's personal computing infrastructure. However, distributed denial of service attacks can deny use of such services to users. We present A2M, a secure and attack-resilient desktop computing hosting infrastructure. A2M combines a stateless and secure communication protocol, a single-hop Indirection-based network (IBN) and a remote display architecture to provide mobile users with continuous access to their desktop computing sessions. Our architecture protects both the hosting infrastructure and the client's connections against a wide range of service disruption attacks. Unlike any other DoS protection system, A2M takes advantage of its low-latency remote display mechanisms and asymmetric traffic characteristics by using multi-path routing to send a small number of replicas of each packet transmitted from client to server. This packet replication through different paths, diversifies the client-server communication, boosting system resiliency and reducing end-to-end latency. Our analysis and experimental results on PlanetLab demonstrate that A2M significantly increases the hosting infrastructure's attack resilience even for wireless scenarios. Using conservative ISP bandwidth data, we show that we can protect against attacks involving thousands (150,000) attackers, while providing good performance for multimedia and web applications and basic GUI interactions even when up to 30% and 50%, respectively, of indirection nodes become unresponsive.
Central nervous system gangliogliomas: Part 1: Pathology

Histopathological features that suggest the diagnosis of ganglioglioma require, in most cases, confirmation by special stains to distinguish these tumors from other gliomas. For this purpose, immunostaining for synaptophysin, which has previously been shown to selectively label the cell surface of neoplastic ganglion cells, was used to retrospectively examine glioma tumor specimens. Sixty-three cases of ganglioglioma were identified. The files of the Division of Neuropathology of New York University Medical Center contained 45 tumors that had been diagnosed as ganglioglioma, of which 42 were verified by synaptophysin; three cases were reclassified, two as astrocytomas and one as a gangliocytic paraganglioma. Thus, a tumor identified as ganglioglioma based on other criteria was likely to be a ganglioglioma. The other 21 cases of gangliogliomas were originally diagnosed as astrocytoma or mixed glioma, but were shown by synaptophysin staining to be gangliogliomas. In some cases the ultimate diagnosis was obtained after radical surgery provided relatively abundant amounts of tissue, thereby limiting sampling errors, in contrast to the biopsies from which the original diagnoses were made. Histopathological review of these cases demonstrated that four features represent important clues to the correct diagnosis: 1) clusters of large cells potentially representing neurons (without such cells the tumor cannot be classified as a ganglioglioma); 2) no perineuronal clustering of the glial cells around the alleged neoplastic neurons; 3) fibrosis (desmoplasia); and 4) calcification. Binucleate neurons, previously suggested to be common in gangliogliomas, were not frequently found in this series, and lymphocytic infiltrates, while common, are so often found in other tumors that they gave no specific hint that any single neoplasm was a ganglioglioma. The glial elements were astrocytic in all cases, except that one tumor also had oligodendroglial and ependymal patterns. Four tumors also had small mature neurons, as seen in neurocytomas. Cells from one tumor were successfully grown in short-term tissue culture; the culture contained large dividing neurons with synaptophysin immunoreactivity as well as smaller dividing cells, demonstrating that the neuronal cells are a proliferating element in gangliogliomas.
Which Currency Hedging Strategy is Best

Informed investors understand that they should hedge at least some of their portfolios’ currency exposure, but the best strategy for doing so remains an open question. We investigate a variety of currency hedging strategies, including linear strategies, non-linear strategies, and combinations thereof, for the purpose of helping investors determine which strategies best meet their objectives.
Late Mississippian Prodeltaic Rhythmites in the Appalachian Basin: A Hierarchical Record of Tidal and Climatic Periodicities

ABSTRACT The Pride Shale is a 60-m-thick succession of thinly interlaminated dark shales, siltstones, and fine-grained sandstones within the Bluestone Formation (Upper Mississippian) of southern West Virginia. A hierarchy of submillimeter- to meter-scale cycles in this succession preserves a spectrum of tidal and climatic periodicities. Submillimeter-thick, fine-grained sandstone/shale or siltstone/shale couplets are interpreted as the product of suspension settling associated with individual ebb-tidal flows. Up to 17 couplets systematically thicken and thin within millimeter- to centimeter-scale bundles interpreted as neap-spring tidal cycles. Successive neap-spring cycles display a thick-thin relationship interpreted to reflect unequal perigean and apogean tides. The fine scale and abbreviat d character of these microlaminated rhythmites is suggestive of a distal, subtidal setting wherein subordinate daily and neap and apogean ebb flows were generally of insufficient strength to transport sand and silt. Decimeter-scale cycles in the Pride Shale are manifested by the progressive upward thickening and thinning of up to 18 millimeter- to centimeter-thick (neap-spring) cycles. This bundling is interpreted to reflect a climatic (monsoonal) signal which defines that part of the year when adequate fluvial-tidal discharge forced suspended sediment into the basin. Lastly, a multi-year cyclicity is recognized in thick exposures where 17-22 annual beds display a crude upward thickening and thinning within meter-scale bundles. This bundling is interpreted to reflect the 18.6-year lunar odal cycle, with the thick annual beds representing years during which the inclination of the lunar orbital plane favored increased tidal amplitudes. Decompacted thicknesses of cycles indicate that accumulation rates for the Pride Shale typically ranged between 3 and 20 cm per year, but reached over 60 cm per year where sandy rhythmites developed as the marginal infill of large slump scars. The stratigraphic relationships and sedimentation rates for the Pride Shale are consistent with paleontological evidence of rapid sedimentation in turbid waters seaward of multiple points of fluvial discharge. The Pride Shale is interpreted as an extensive prodeltaic deposit which, in places, records hundreds of years of nearly continuous tidal sedimentation along the eastern margin of the Appalachian Basin.
Chronic Kidney Disease in Long-Term Survivors of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment

High-dose myeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation is becoming an increasingly common treatment modality for a variety of diseases. Patient survival may be limited by substantial treatment-related toxicities, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although the majority of CKD after transplantation is idiopathic, thrombotic microangiopathic syndromes and nephrotic syndrome have been described. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and potential treatment options for the various clinical syndromes that are associated with CKD in hematopoietic cell transplantation patients is reviewed. As the indications for and the numbers of transplants that are performed worldwide increases, so will the burden of CKD. The nephrologists and oncologists will have to work together to identify patients who are at risk for CKD early to prevent its development and progression to end-stage kidney disease.
Use of Fly Ash as a Waste Minimization Strategy

Cost-effective liner materials for waste disposal that would meet state regulatory requirements for liner permeability while reusing coal combustion fly ash, reducing ash disposal costs were developed. Liner development criteria included a permeability of less than 10−7 cm/s and a durability comparable to that of conventional clay liners. Fly ash samples from six utility companies located in five states were used. These samples were representative of the large quantities of fly ash available from coal-fired power plants. When mixed with 3–9.5% by weight portland cement and/or lime, each of the samples yielded liners with permeabilities significantly less than 10−7 cm/s and compression strengths generally exceeding 400 psig. Liner construction costs ranged from $0.05 to $0.44 ft [3], with the costs depending on the quantities of fly ash and additives used, formulation mixing method, and placement and compaction methods for the lifts. Studies of leachate from each fly ash found that none of them would be hazardous under current regulatory guidelines.
Concept mapping: an effective, active teaching-learning method.

Abstract Nurse educators, under pressure to prepare graduates who are able to think critically and solve problems in a variety of clinical practice settings, require active teaching strategies to promote meaningful learning, instead of relying on traditional methods that promote rote memorization. A review of the current state of the science with regard to concept mapping demonstrates that this teaching-learning method assists nurse educators to prepare graduates to think critically in the complex health care environment. However, further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of concept mapping on the graduate's performance on the NCLEX exam and on critical thinking and prioritization skills in the clinical environment.
An Empirical Study of Whistleblower Policies in United States Corporate Codes of Ethics

Companies have issued Codes of Ethics (also called Codes of Conduct) for decades, and these Codes increasingly have contained provisions related to whistleblowing. For example, Codes often encourage or even require corporate employees to report incidents of misconduct they witness. Code provisions describe the types of misconduct employees should report and provide numerous ways for employees to make reports. Moreover, companies use Codes to promise employees that they will not retaliate against whistleblowers. Indeed, because these whistleblowing provisions have become an important part of a corporation’s internal control and risk management systems, they merit closer examination to determine exactly what they require and promise. Accordingly, this chapter describes the results of the first comprehensive empirical study of whistleblower provisions contained in United States corporate Codes of Ethics.
Ecological and Experimental Exposure of Insects to Anoxia Reveals Surprising Tolerance

A growing number of studies have examined insect survival times during exposure to severe hypoxia and anoxia. Ecologically, terrestrial insects can be exposed to these conditions during immersion from terrestrial flooding, from encasement in ice during winter periods, and as a result of specialization to feed in decomposing material, or as internal parasites of vertebrates. Severe hypoxia has also been tested against a multitude of stored product and museum pests as an alternative to chemical treatment. Finally, severe hypoxia has been induced experimentally to examine physiological responses of a few model species. Together, these experiments have revealed a surprising tolerance of insects to severe hypoxia ranging from hours to weeks. In some cases, ecological studies have revealed apparent adaptation to flooding frequency and duration, while in other cases, the patterns of survival do not appear to correspond with likely abiotic challenges. This chapter seeks to summarize the body of experimental work on insects in hypoxia and to serve as a frame of reference for future experiments aimed at elucidating the adaptive significance of anoxia tolerance by members of the most diverse, ecologically important, and physiologically varied animals on the planet.
Native atrial septal restriction after Fontan palliation successfully treated with transcatheter Diabolo stent

A 6-year-old male child born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) was palliated with an extracardiac nonfenestrated Fontan procedure (18-mm Gore-Tex tube graft). He developed low-pressure (mean Fontan pressure 10 mmHg) protein-losing enteropathy 6 months after Fontan palliation. After initially responding to medical therapy and transcatheter pulmonary artery stent implantation, he developed medically refractory protein-losing enteropathy. At this time, his transthoracic echocardiogram showed new restriction across his native atrial septum with an 8 mmHg mean gradient. Cardiac catheterization now showed high-pressure (mean Fontan pressure 18-20 mmHg) protein-losing enteropathy and a new 6 mmHg mean gradient across the atrial septum. To avoid cardiopulmonary bypass, he underwent successful transcatheter relief of atrial septal restriction and creation of a fenestration with rapid clinical and biochemical improvement of his protein-losing enteropathy.
Desegregating the South: John Minor Wisdom's Role in Enforcing Brown's Mandate

The following excerpted chapter from a forthcoming biography of Judge John Minor Wisdom serves as a fitting touchstone for this symposium issue. The Essay begins with Judge Wisdom celebrating his forty-ninth birthday on May 17, 1954. On that same day, nearly a thousand miles away, the United States Supreme Court handed down its long-awaited decision in Brown v. Board of Education. The decision would have a remarkable impact on New Orleans and the South and affect Judge Wisdom in ways that were perhaps unknowable on that warm, pre-summer evening. The Essay recounts the remarkable role Judge Wisdom played in implementing the Brown decision in states encompassed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The author catalogues the recalcitrance with which the South received the decision and the remarkable challenges Judge Wisdom and his peers faced in enforcing Brown's mandate. In doing so, the author provides rich analysis and discussion of Judge Wisdom's most important desegregation cases.
Smart-Grid Backbone Network Real-Time Delay Reduction via Integer Programming

This research investigates an optimal delay-based virtual topology design using integer linear programming (ILP), which is applied to the current backbone networks such as smart-grid real-time communication systems. A network traffic matrix is applied and the corresponding virtual topology problem is solved using the ILP formulations that include a network delay-dependent objective function and lightpath routing, wavelength assignment, wavelength continuity, flow routing, and traffic loss constraints. The proposed optimization approach provides an efficient deterministic integration of intelligent sensing and decision making, and network learning features for superior smart grid operations by adaptively responding the time-varying network traffic data as well as operational constraints to maintain optimal virtual topologies. A representative optical backbone network has been utilized to demonstrate the proposed optimization framework whose simulation results indicate that superior smart-grid network performance can be achieved using commercial networks and integer programming.
Sporotrichosis in the United States

Ten years ago we were of the opinion that infection of the human subject with the sporothrix fungus was so rare as to be a pathological curiosity. At that time only three cases had been mentioned in the literature of America and no cases had been recognized in any other country. During the last six years, however, more than 50 cases have been reported from France, one or two cases have been observed in Germany, and 44 additional cases have been reported from different parts of the United States. In addition to these, I have been able to collect io new cases from the United States which have not yet been reported (some of these will be reported by those in whose practice they occurred), making a total of 57 cases thus far observed in the United States. My attention was called to the existence of this disease in North Dakota by the report of a case from Braddock, N.D., by Hyde and Davis' about two years ago. The description of this case recalled to my mind a conversation with Dr. E. P. Quain of Bismarck, who had been treating similar cases and had reported six of these as cases of "Tubercular Ulcers and Tubercular Lymphangitis of the Upper Extremity." Dr. Quain was not satisfied with that diagnosis and we have shown since that it was incorrect, and that these were, in fact, cases of sporotrichosis." During the last two years, I have been engaged in making a careful study of the prevalence of this disease in North Dakota and have been able to collect 22 authentic
Cooperative Transmission Through Signal-Superposition-Based Braid Coding

This paper investigates a cooperative transmission scheme for a multisource single-destination system through superposition modulation based on braid coding. The source nodes take turns transmitting, and each time, a source “overlays” its new data together with (some or all of) what it overhears from its partner(s), in a way similar to French braiding the hair. We show that the proposed “braid coding” cooperative scheme benefits not only from the cooperative diversity but from the bit error rate (BER) performance gain as well. We introduce two subclasses of braid coding, namely, the nonregenerative and regenerative cases, and, using the pairwise error probability (PEP) as a figure of merit, derive the optimal weight parameters for each one. By exploiting the structure relevance of braid codes with trellis codes, we propose a Viterbi maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding method of linear complexity for the regenerative case; we also investigate and compare several linear detectors for the nonregenerative case. We analyze the theoretical BER performance of the proposed scheme and prove that the full diversity order can be achieved using braid coding. Moreover, we discuss the memory size that strikes the best balance between performance and complexity by considering both the (Euclidean) free distance and the diversity order. The proposed braid coding can be viewed as a special case of network coding. Finally, we present soft-iterative joint channel–network decoding. The overall decoding process is divided into forward message passing and backward message passing, which makes effective use of the available reliability information from all the received signals. Simulation results confirm the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed scheme.
MODEL RESEARCH BASED ON LIQUID/SOLID TWOPHANSE FLOWS IN METALLURGY STIRRED TUBULAR REACTOR

The computational fluid dynamics(CFD) method was used to research the velocity and concentration fields in the multiphase flow tubular stirred reactor.A mathematical model of liquid/solid two-phase flow was established and the simulated results obtained by using this model are in better agreement with the experimental ones.The results show that the maximum velocity of solid-liquid phase flow is 1.58 m/s when the rotation speed is 150 r/min and there is no flow dead zone in the tubular stirred reactor because that turbulent flow is strengthened by the stirring action.Radial mixture is better when the rotation speeds are 150 and 250 r/min than when the rotation speeds are 25 and 350 r/min,a proper rotation speed is need to obtain the prefered mixture.The critical impeller speeds are 35 and 38 r/min when the solid concentration are 2%and 7.5%,respectively.
Effects of triiodothyronine replacement on the anemia of chronic renal failure.

Patients and/or experimental animals with chronic renal failure have decreased serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3), a hormone well known for its erythropoietic activity. The following studies were designed in order to determine whether this observed abnormality in T3 metabolism is an important contributory factor to the etiology of the anemia of uremia. Groups of rats were made chronically uremic by a standard 5/6 nephrectomy technique and received slightly above physiological doses of T3 either by intermittent S.C. injections (twice daily) or by continuous infusion from intraperitoneally implanted osmotic minipumps. After 2 weeks of such treatment, and despite a normalization of serum T3 levels, there were no significant changes in the hematocrit, individual red cell mass, or serum erythropoietin levels of the uremic animals given T3 compared to control rats. We conclude that (1) the decreased serum T3 levels observed in uremia are not an important contributory factor to the pathogenesis of the anemia, and (2) treatment with replacement doses of T3 does not result in significant improvement of erythropoiesis.
Identification of adducin-binding residues on the cytoplasmic domain of erythrocyte membrane protein, band 3.

Two major complexes form structural bridges that connect the erythrocyte membrane to its underlying spectrin-based cytoskeleton. Although the band 3-ankyrin bridge may account for most of the membrane-to-cytoskeleton interactions, the linkage between the cytoplasmic domain of band 3 (cdb3) and adducin has also been shown to be critical to membrane integrity. In this paper, we demonstrate that adducin, a major component of the spectrin-actin junctional complex, binds primarily to residues 246 through 264 of cdb3, and mutation of two exposed glutamic acid residues within this sequence completely abrogates both a- and b-adducin binding. Because these residues are located next to the ankyrin binding site on cdb3, it seems unlikely that band 3 can bind ankyrin and adducin concurrently, reducing the chances of an association between the ankyrin and junctional complexes that would significantly compromise erythrocyte membrane integrity. We also demonstrate the adducin binds the kidney isoform of cdb3, a spliceoform that lacks the first 65 amino acids of erythrocyte cdb3, including the central strand of a large beta-pleated sheet. Because kidney cdb3 is not known to bind any of the common peripheral protein partners of erythrocyte cdb3, including ankyrin, protein 4.1, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldolase, and phosphofructokinase, retention of this affinity for adducin was unexpected.
Intense mid-infrared few-cycle soliton generation covering 2–4.3 µm in fluoride fiber

We demonstrate a fiber-based system delivering femtosecond pulses with 5 nJ energies, continuously tunable over 2-4.3 µm through soliton self-frequency shift in fluoride fibers. Pulses with 138-fs duration and 40-kW peak power are obtained at 4.3 µm.
Fortschritte gas-chromatographischer Verfahren in der Biochemie

Die Entwicklung der Kolonnen-Technologie wird beschrieben, wobei sowohl die gepackten Kolonnen, unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der neuen Tragermaterialien, als auch die Capillarkolonnen einer Betrachtung an Hand von praktischen Beispielen unterzogen werden. Die Moglichkeit der Derivatbildung erlaubt in Verbindung mit selektiven Detektoren eine Steigerung der Nachweisempfindlichkeit. Es wird ein Electron-Capture-Detektor sowie ein Heliumionisationsdetektor beschrieben, die beide ohne radioaktive Strahler arbeiten und auf dem Prinzip der Photoionisation beruhen. Die Kombination von Pyrolysetechnik und Gas-Chromatographie ermoglicht die gas-chromatographische Untersuchung von biologischem Material. Hierbei werden die verschiedenen technischen Moglichkeiten zur Durchfuhrung der Pyrolyse erlautert. Fur die Untersuchung von komplexen Gemischen bietet die Zweikolonnentechnik besondere Vorteile. Ihre Anwendung wird an Hand der Untersuchung von Atem- und Narkosegasen, einer Bestimmungsmethode von Alkohol in Blut, sowie einer Blutgasanalyse erlautert, wobei ein neu entwickeltes Nasextraktionssystem fur Blutgase beschrieben wird.
FVIII Tolerance Following Nonmyeloablative Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Engineered To Encode a High-Expression Factor VIII Transgene in Hemophilia A Mice.

Clinical gene therapy trials for hemophilia A have failed due to insufficient target cell transduction or expression of factor VIII (fVIII). Animal studies have documented the extreme difficulty of expressing therapeutic levels of human fVIII from recombinant viral vectors without eliciting an anti-fVIII humoral response. We previously demonstrated curative fVIII activity levels in hemophilia A mice following a nonmyeloablative, genetically-modified bone marrow transplantation (Ide et al., Blood2007). In these studies recipient hemophilia A mice received 3×105 bone marrow-derived sca-1+ cells transduced with a retrovirus encoding B-domain-deleted high-expression porcine fVIII (BDDpfVIII) after pre-transplantation conditioning with reduced-intensity TBI or busulfan followed by minimal immunosuppression with either costimulation blockade or antithymocyte serum (ATS). Using our high-expression fVIII transgene and busulfan or 3Gy TBI coupled with ATS resulted in sustained fVIII activity of >100% normal human levels. The main hematopoietic toxicity observed was transient T-cell suppression. High-level fVIII activity (>2 units/ml) was achieved without induction of anti-BDDpfVIII humoral immune responses. Furthermore because the development of inhibitory antibodies directed against fVIII remains a significant clinical complication associated with the treatment of hemophilia A, we tested the effectiveness of genetically-modified cells encoding BDDpfVIII in the setting of pre-existing fVIII immunity. Transplantation of genetically-modified HSCs into 5.5 Gy TBI/ATS or busulfan/ATS-conditioned hemophilia A mice that had significant anti-human fVIII inhibitory titers induced sustained, high-level fVIII activity. Following transplantation and stable engraftment, both naive and pre-immunized mice were challenged with six weekly injections of 10 units human fVIII, an immunization regimen that results in antibody formation in 100% of naive hemophilia A mice. All mice sustained their pre-challenge BDDpfVIII activity levels, and anti-fVIII antibodies were not detected. Surface markers of T-cell activation were the same between naive hemophilia A mice and transplanted mice, for both naive and preimmunized animals. In a mixed lymphocyte reaction, T-cells were found to be equally capable of reacting to allogenic antigens (i.e. irradiated Balb/C splenocytes) when isolated from mice with stable fVIII expression compared to nontransduced controls, demonstrating that the lack of anti-fVIII inhibitors is not due to a lack of immunocompetent T-cells. Further studies are underway assessing T-cell nonresponsiveness to BDDpfVIII in these transplanted mice. By demonstrating that transplanted mice are tolerant to BDDpfVIII, even in the context of pre-existing inhibitory antibodies and nonmyeloablative conditioning, this data further supports our previous studies showing that retroviral gene transfer using high-expression porcine fVIII elements is a compelling treatment for hemophilia A.
Why Hell Stinks of Sulfur: Mythology and Geology of the Underworld

Why Hell Stinks of Sulfur: Mythology and Geology of the Underworld. By Salomon Kroonenberg. Translated by Andy Brown. 304 pp.; maps, diagrs., ills. bibliog., index. London, U.K.: Reaktion Books Ltd...
Examining relationships among student empowerment, sense of community, and the implicit curriculum: a multigroup analysis of race and ethnicity

Schools of social work are now mandated to assess and address the effects of the implicit curriculum on students, who are from diverse backgrounds. Given this mandate, the purpose of this secondary...
Automata-to-Routing: An Open-Source Toolchain for Design-Space Exploration of Spatial Automata Processing Architectures

Newly-available spatial architectures to accelerate finite-automata processing have spurred research and development on novel automata-based applications. However, spatial automata processing architecture research is lacking, because of a lack of automata optimization and place-and-route tools. To solve this issue, we propose a new, open-source toolchain–Automata-to-Routing (ATR)–that enables design-space exploration of spatial automata architectures. ATR leverages existing open-source tools for both automata processing and FPGA architecture research. To demonstrate the usefulness of this new toolchain, we use it to analyze design choices of spatial automata processing architectures. We first show that ATR is capable of modeling the logic tiles of a commercially-available spatial automata processing architecture. We then use ATR to compare and contrast two different routing architecture methodologies–hierarchical and 2D-mesh–over a set of diverse automata benchmarks. We show that shallower 2D-mesh-style routing fabrics can route complex automata with equal channel width, while using up to 4.2x fewer logic tile resources.
Location mechanism for wireless sensor networks in mine

For complex environment in the mine, a wireless sensor node location mechanism based on a combination of RSSI ranging and genetic simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. Wireless signal transmission loss model in the mine was researched and used for RSSI ranging. Location problem is as an optimization problem to locate by improved genetic simulated annealing algorithm. Simulation results show that the location mechanism in the mine reduce the location error compared to the classic weighted centroid location algorithm and the DV-HOP algorithm.
History of Mathematics Education – Personal Perspectives

This book consists of interviews published in the International Journal for the History of Mathematics Education. When this journal first appeared in 2006, it was the only international scholarly periodical devoted to this field, and it remains so to this day. Interviews with major figures in mathematics education began to be conducted and published in the journal in 2007, becoming one of its regular features.
Game-Introduction to Reverse Auctions: The BucknellAuto Game

A reverse auction is a common way of executing supply chain sourcing. This article presents a spreadsheet-based game, the BucknellAuto game, that simulates the bidding process in a reverse auction. Students play the seller role and vie for the buyer's demand request by bidding against the automated competitors. The BucknellAuto game allows students to experientially learn not only the competitive bidding process of the reverse auction but also the implications of the auction parameters on the bidding competitiveness. The BucknellAuto game serves as a pedagogical tool for efficiently and effectively introducing the reverse auction to undergraduate students in a fun and interactive way.
Supersymmetry at a 28 TeV hadron collider: HE-LHC

The discovery of the Higgs boson at $\ensuremath{\sim}125\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ indicates that the scale of weak scale supersymmetry is higher than what was perceived in the pre-Higgs boson discovery era and lies in the several TeV region. This makes the discovery of supersymmetry more challenging and argues for hadron colliders beyond LHC at $\sqrt{s}=14\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$. The Future Circular Collider (FCC) study at CERN is considering a 100 TeV collider to be installed in a 100 km tunnel in the Lake Geneva basin. Another 100 km collider being considered in China is the Super proton-proton Collider. A third possibility recently proposed is the high-energy LHC (HE-LHC) which would use the existing CERN tunnel but achieve a center-of-mass energy of 28 TeV by using FCC magnet technology at significantly higher luminosity than at the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). In this work we investigate the potential of HE-LHC for the discovery of supersymmetry. We study a class of supergravity unified models under the Higgs boson mass and the dark matter relic density constraints and compare the analysis with the potential reach of the HL-LHC. A set of benchmarks is presented which are beyond the discovery potential of HL-LHC but are discoverable at HE-LHC. For comparison, we study model points at HE-LHC which are also discoverable at HL-LHC. For these model points, it is found that their discovery would require a HL-LHC run between 5--8 years while the same parameter points can be discovered in a period of a few weeks to $\ensuremath{\sim}1.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{yr}$ at HE-LHC running at its optimal luminosity of $2.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{35}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\text{ }{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The analysis indicates that the HE-LHC possibility should be seriously pursued as it would significantly increase the discovery reach for supersymmetry beyond that of HL-LHC and decrease the run period for discovery.
TWO APPROACHES TO MODELING UNCERTAINTY: HOW DID UNCERTAINTY AFFECT THE ECONOMY DURING AND AFTER THE GREAT RECESSION?

Recent research in macroeconomics has sought to develop a tractable form of heterogeneity in attempting to model sluggish responses in the price level. In addition, economists have struggled to exp...
The influence of tire size on bicycle impacts to soil and vegetation

Abstract The impact of trampling on soils and vegetation by a mountain bike, a cyclocross bike, and a hiker were analyzed in a controlled experimental setting. A trampling grid was created so that each trampling agent was documented, with pass increments of 25, 75, 200, and 400 passes. Soil compaction data collected before and after showed that different trampling agents have varying rates of soil compaction. High resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery was able to document the change to vegetation. This research effort shows that narrower tires (cyclocross bike) compact soil more than wider tires (mountain bike), and that bicycles have a greater impact to vegetation and soil at low levels of trampling than a hiker. However, at higher levels of trampling the impacts of hikers and bikers were similar. The aerial imagery shows how the impact pattern produced by bikes changes around corners. Several management implications are discussed. Management implications • The effect of bike tire width should be considered in areas of sensitive soils, especially for races and formal events. • If a trail is frequented by multiple user groups and passing is frequent, the greater initial impact by bicycles should be considered when designating which user group must yield first, especially if trail widening is a concern. • UAV's could be used for detecting off trail trampling and monitoring trail condition.
Artificial urinary sphincter revision with Quick Connects® versus suture-tie connectors: does technique make a difference?

OBJECTIVE To evaluate characteristics of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) mechanical failures and compare outcomes based on the use of either suture-tied connections or Quick-Connects® (QC) for single-component revisions. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 46 patients underwent single-component AUS revisions following primary AUS placement from January 1983 to January 2011 at our institute. Prior to 1996 all revision cases were performed with suture-tie connections and after that time we used QC for revisions. Device success was evaluated for a potential association with revision surgery including the type of connector used. RESULTS Forty-six patients underwent single-component revision surgery for primary device malfunction. In these cases, the tubing connections were performed using suture-tie connectors in 34 (74%), and QC in 12 (26%) cases. The median age was 68.8 years for suture-tie vs 70.6 years for QC (p=0.52). The median follow-up period after revision surgery was 24 months (IQR 7.2, 55.2). There was no statistically significant difference in 5-year device survival rates between suture-tie and QC (36% vs. 61%; p=0.85) techniques. There were no cases of device infection or repeat mechanical failure at the connector among cases of revision performed using QC, as compared to five device infections and four repeat mechanical failures among the suture-tie cohort. CONCLUSION The use of QC for single-component AUS revision for mechanical failures appears to be safe, efficient and reliable. There is not enough evidence supporting the presence of an association between connector type with the risk of overall device failure.
Longitudinal prognostic communication needs of adolescents and young adults with cancer

BACKGROUND Although the majority of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer desire prognostic information, to the authors' knowledge little is known regarding how preferences for prognostic communication change over time. METHODS The current study was a longitudinal, prospective, questionnaire-based cohort study of 136 AYA patients with cancer who were aged 15 to 29 years and who were treated at a large academic cancer center. Previously published scales were administered at the time of diagnosis and at 4 months and 12 months after diagnosis. RESULTS The majority of patients reported that prognostic information was very/extremely important at the time of diagnosis (85%), at 4 months (96%; P = .002 compared with baseline), and at 12 months (81%; P = .02 compared with baseline). Few patients reported that prognostic knowledge was very/extremely upsetting at baseline (7%), at 4 months (9%; P = .44 compared with baseline), or at 12 months (11%; P = .27 compared with baseline). The majority of patients were satisfied with the amount of prognostic information received throughout the year after diagnosis (81%, 86%, and 81%, respectively, at the time of diagnosis, at 4 months, and at 12 months). This percentage did not change between the time of diagnosis and 4 months (P = .16) or between diagnosis and 12 months (P = 1.00). In multivariable analysis, satisfaction with prognostic information received was associated with patient report of high-quality communication (odds ratio, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.38-5.17) and having a >75% chance of cure (odds ratio, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.24-4.61) after adjustment for patient age category, race/ethnicity, and time point of administration. CONCLUSIONS The majority of AYA patients with cancer were satisfied with prognostic disclosure over time, but a sizeable minority wanted additional information. Desire for prognostic information increased over time. Clinicians should return to prognostic discussions over time to support AYA patients with cancer.
The effect of follow-up care based on WeChat platform on contraceptive self-efficacy and prognosis of abortion patients

Objective To explore the effect of follow-up care based on WeChat on contraceptive self-efficacy, self-care ability and prognosis of abortion patients. Methods A total of 160 cases of patients with abortion in this hospital were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table method, they were divided into the observation group and the control group, 80 cases of each group.The control group was applicated with routine nursing follow-up after abortion.The observation group was applicated with followed up nursing based on WeChat platform.The contraceptive knowledge, self-efficacy, self-protection ability and postoperative rehabilitation of the two groups before and after the intervention were compared. Results After the intervention, the observation group scored higher than the control group in contraception knowledge, self-efficacy, self-nursing knowledge, self-nursing skills, self-care responsibility, self-concept and self-care(P<0.05). The amount of postoperative vaginal bleeding, time of vaginal bleeding and time of menstruation of the observation group were less (shorter) than the control group(P<0.05). The incidence of second pregnancy was lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Follow-up care based on WeChat platform can effectively improve the knowledge of contraception and self-efficacy of patients with induced abortion, promote the prognosis of patients and reduce the incidence of second unintended pregnancy. Key words: Follow-up care based on WeChat platform; Follow-up care; Abortion operation; Self-care ability; Prognosis
Primal Clay: Worldbuilding with the New Materialism

How can new materialism and non-human agency inform game design research? Through a process of game-design-as-research, the hybrid setting creation game Primal Clay offers one possible answer. In Primal Clay, human players collaborate with Hydrostone and an interactive narrative to produce a fictional game world, engaging in digital as much as material encounters. Relying on notions of material agency, this essay shows the ways in which material can exert “thing power” within the context of a collaborative, co-creative game. It concludes that materials can actively contribute to the play form, and that foregrounding such processes has the potential to broaden the field of digital game design.
Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD): Its Place in Informed Consent?

POCD is a recognized complication of surgery in a certain subgroup of patients, but underappreciated by surgeons and consequently patients. It may persist for weeks, months, and even years after su...
Theoretical model for fast calculations of the electrical resistivity of thin metallic films with rough surfaces

A model of electron gas scattering at surface inhomogeneities was developed and applied to describe a surface roughness influence on the electrical resistivity of thin metallic films. The model is developed to be simple enough for fast calculations without detailed investigation of surface topology. The film’s shape is assumed to be described by the average thickness, the surface rms, and the correlation length. The scattering mechanism corresponds to electrical potential changes caused by inhomogeneities. It was found that the electrical resistivity of thin films increases with the increase of the roughness of surface for films of any thickness, whereas the law of this effect depends on film’s thickness. Basing on the developed model, formulas for the electrical resistivity as a function of the roughness rms and the correlation length in cases of thick enough, thin, and extremely thin films have been obtained and discussed with comparison to other models already in literature and experimental data.
Is Antiplatelet Therapy Contraindicated After Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment? A Narrative Review:

Background:Antiplatelet therapies are often withheld before and after platelet-rich plasma product (PRPP) administration due to theoretical concerns that therapies that inhibit the function of plat...