cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sexually transmitted viruses other than HIV and papillomavirus.

SUMMARY This review has focused on a select group of viruses that can be sexually transmitted. The viruses include the herpesviruses, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, delta virus, non-A, non-B hepatitis virus(es), and molluscum contagiosum. Their impact on the population alone or in association with HIV disease necessitates a clear understanding of their ability to cause infection and of the manifestations of these infections. Characterization of these particular pathogens and treatment have been discussed with respect to the most current data available. Despite the growing sophistication in the field, we are still limited in our endeavors to identify and manage many viral infections. Therefore, measures to prevent transmission are continually being evaluated in an attempt to minimize exposure to these pathogens.
SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION (SCR) OF NO BY AMMONIA OVER V2O5/TiO2 CATALYST IN A CATALYTIC FILTER MEDIUM AND HONEYCOMB REACTOR: A KINETIC MODELING STUDY

The present study addresses a numerical modeling and simulation based on the available knowledge of SCR kinetics for prediction of NO conversion over a V2O3/TiO3 catalyst through a catalytic filter medium and honeycomb reactor. After introducing the NH3-SCR system with specific operational criteria, a reactor model was developed to evaluate the effect of various operating parameters such as flue gas temperature, velocity, NH3/NO molar ratio, etc., on the SCR process. Computational investigations were performed based on the proposed model and optimum operational conditions were identified. Simulation results indicate that SCR performance is substantially under the effects of reactant concentration and operating temperature, so that the concentration of unreacted ammonia emitted from reactor discharge (ammonia slip) increases significantly at NH3/NO ratios of more than 1.14 and operating temperatures less than 360 oC and 300 oC, respectively, in the catalytic filter medium and honeycomb reactor. The results also show that there are three sections in NO conversion variation versus changing temperature and the required conversion with a maximum of almost 87% and low level of ammonia slip can be achieved at the NH3/NO ratio of 1 and temperature range of 240–360 oC in both reactors.
Hypertension in Diabetic Patients An Overview of Interventional Studies to Preserve Renal Function

The combination of diabetes mellitus and hypertension increases the chances for progressive renal disorders and ultimately renal failure. Both animal and human studies have investigated this progression, which does not take place in all diabetic patients, but which does inevitably occur in diabetic patients with hypertension or microalbuminuria. In these patients the control of arterial pressure is critical to the preservation of renal function. Certain antihypertensive agents, notably angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, verapamil, and diltiazem, seem to combine the required renal and vascular effects most beneficially. This article reviews the research completed so far into these effects. However, long-term studies are needed to consolidate these findings.
Crystal structure and emission study of [(PPh3)2Cu(dmp)-O-(dmp)Cu(PPh3)2]2+ (dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)

The synthesis and crystal structure of a luminescent dinuclear Cu(I) complex as the BF− 4 salt from toluene and methanol containing triphenylphosphine and μ-oxo-bis(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) is described. The coordination geometry about the Cu(I) center is distorted tetrahedral. An unusual feature of the structure is a pseudo-inversion center located near the oxygen atom at approximately 0.51, 0.26, 0.25, such that all of the atoms except for the oxygen are related by a pseudo-inversion center to another atom in the same molecule, as well as by crystallographic inversion to the other molecule in the unit cell. The complex displays luminescence from an MLCT band in fluid solution and emission from both a metal-centered charge-transfer and intraligand (phenanthroline) state at 77K in a chloroform snow. Crystal data: triclinic, P $$\bar 1$$ , a = 15.163(2), b = 16.985(2), c = 18.731(2) A, α = 106.458(9), β = 91.416(8), γ = 102.557(9)°, V = 4496(1) A3, and Z = 2.
Converting inventions into breakthrough innovations

We investigate how firms' exploratory and exploitative invention can lead to breakthrough innovations, and how heterogeneous knowledge available to firms through their R&D alliance network moderates this relationship. Using panel data of U.S. biopharmaceutical firms, we find that emphasis on exploitative invention has a stronger positive effect on breakthrough innovation than does a firm's emphasis on exploratory invention. Furthermore, heterogeneous knowledge available in firms' R&D alliance network increases the number of breakthrough innovations, up to a point, and then it begins to exert a negative effect. Interestingly, engaging alliance partners with heterogeneous knowledge strengthens the positive effect of exploitative invention on a firm's production of breakthrough innovations.
Benefit of Intensive Statin Therapy in Women Results From PROVE IT-TIMI 22

Background— Despite the known benefit of intensive statin therapy for reducing future cardiovascular events, its effectiveness in women has been questioned by some. Methods and Results— In the Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy—Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 (PROVE IT-TIMI 22) trial, 911 (21.9%) women and 3251 (78.1%) men were randomized to intensive statin (atorvastatin 80 mg) versus standard therapy (pravastatin 40 mg) therapy for a median duration of 2.1 years. The primary end point was death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina; revascularization (occurring after 30 days); or stroke. Safety end points included elevations in liver function tests, creatine kinase, and myalgias/myositis. Women had a reduction in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) of 42.8% from baseline at 30 days (to a median of 60 mg/dL) in the intensive therapy arm, with 88.8% reaching the LDL goal of <100 mg/dL and 65.0% of <70 mg/dL, compared with a 16.8% reduction in LDL (to a median of 88 mg/dL) in the standard therapy arm. Women receiving intensive statin therapy had a significant 25% relative reduction over standard dose (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.99; P =0.04) for the primary composite end point compared with a 14% reduction for men (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99; P =0.04; P -interaction, 0.38). No differences were observed between sexes for safety (all P -interaction ≥0.11). Conclusions— This trial provides evidence that both women and men derived benefit from intensive statin therapy after acute coronary syndrome, and thus, sex should not be a factor in determining who should be treated with intensive statin therapy. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: . Unique identifier: [NCT00382460][1]. [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00382460&atom=%2Fcirccvoq%2F4%2F3%2F328.atom
“We Twiddle … and Turn into Machines”: Mina Loy, HTML and the Machining of Information

This chapter argues that Mina Loy—avant-garde poet, fierce critic of Italian Futurism, collage artist and mystic—anticipates in her poetry written between 1910 and 1930 the turn from a concept of the machine as physical to the machine as information, a transformation also developed in twentieth-century Marxist thought. Pilsch bases Loy’s informatic futurism on discoveries made in translating her typographic fractals into HTML for online consumption. Loy’s usage of an informatic machine not only critiques the masculine ethos of her Futurist interlocutors but also interrogates the rational afterlives of this machismo in web design practices that inherits principles developed by avant-garde movements. Thus Loy’s poetic account of machinic being serves as a potent site for exploring and resisting informatic rationality in the present.
Mobile ascertainment of smoking status through breath: A machine learning approach

The ability to remotely and automatically detect whether someone has been smoking can develop systems that promote smoking cessation via behavioral management or gamification. This article advances automated methods for ascertaining smoking status via a mobile system comprised of an environmental carbon monoxide (CO) gas sensor paired with a smartphone. We apply several machine learning strategies to the CO time courses derived from our system to predict recent smoking status in a group of smoking (n=11) and non-smoking (n=9) adult women. The study investigates i) a range of feature types conventionally used in smoke analysis studies, ii) the contribution of each feature type in overall prediction accuracies and iii) the possibility of improving the overall predictions by identifying segments of time during which the most informative data is recorded. The analysis is composed of two stages of i) conventional classification via Logistic Regression (LR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) and ii) feature-ensemble and variations of boosting, bagging, and mixture of expertise methods to investigate the effects of feature mixture, learner mixture, and extra training on overall performances of the predictions. The results indicated that features extracted from the middle segments (end exhalation period) of the recordings led to the highest classification success. The results indicated that having higher number of training samples, and stronger mixed learners are influential to the performance across segments while the feature mixture did not improve the performances across segments.
Pharmaceutical Policy in Bulgaria

Bulgaria is experiencing rapid growth in expenditure on medicines but without obvious improvements in health outcomes. Many current policy settings appear designed to limit the National Health Insurance Fund’s outlays rather than ensure financial protection for patients, and medicines make up three quarters of all out-of-pocket costs in health. Existing mechanisms for selecting and pricing medicines are not promoting value for money. Current pricing policies do not encourage competition in the off-patent market and prices for some medicines compare unfavorably with those in wealthier countries. The application of Health Technology Assessment for selecting medicines for the Preferred Drug List together with restricting the use of non-cost-effective medicines, promoting generic uptake, and encouraging greater competition in the off-patent medicines market could improve value for money. Developing clinical treatment guidelines that consider cost-effectiveness, and promoting rational prescribing and dispensing could also improve efficiency and create fiscal space to improve affordable access for patients.
Study of Sleep Disorders among Young Children Using Hindi Translated and Validated Version of Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders among children aging between 4 and 9 years using Hindi version of Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ). Methods: This study had two parts first, translation and validation of PSQ into Hindi language, and second, assessment of the prevalence of sleep disorders using PSQ Hindi version. Hindi PSQ was distributed in randomly chosen primary schools in a semi-urban area. The children were requested to get them filled by their parents. When the questionnaires were returned, responses were analyzed. Results: Most of the items of the Hindi version had perfect agreement with original questionnaire in a bilingual population (κ =1). Totally, 435 children were included in the field study having average age of 6.3 years. Obstructive sleep apnea was reported in 7.5% children; symptoms suggestive of restless legs syndrome were reported by 2%–3%; teeth grinding by 13.9% and sleep talking by 22.6% children. Conclusion: PSQ Hindi version is a validated tool to screen for sleep disorders among children. Sleep disorders are fairly prevalent among young children in India.
Hierarchical models for white mould in snap bean.

Limitations on the acceptable proportion (incidence) of pods with white mould may lead to the rejection of entire fields of processing snap bean. The low tolerances (no more than 2% to 6% of pods with white mould) are difficult to estimate with sufficient precision in the field when time is limited. These constraints motivated this study of white mould across three spatial hierarchical levels: pods, plants and quadrats consisting of two adjacent plants within rows. Hierarchical relationships are required when designing formal rules for estimating the incidence of pods with white mould from units higher in the spatial hierarchy. Disease assessments were made on all pods from 38 within-row transects of 40 plants each of the snap bean variety Hystyle. Using probability-based principles, equations were derived and fitted to data on the incidence of white mould on pods (ipod), plants (ipad) and quadrats (iq(2)), which led to a function directly linking ipod to iq(2). The variance of ipod increased with iq(2), but that may be of little consequence at the lower values of iq(2) likely to be associated with ipod values at processor-set tolerances. For example, at iq(2)=0.1 there was a 92% probability that ipod was less than 0.02. Assessing iq(2) may be more efficient than directly estimating ipod because iq(2) was about an order of magnitude higher than ipod. Results suggest it may be feasible to design sampling plans for estimating the proportion of pods with white mould from an assessment of the proportion of diseased quadrats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Combined Electron-Diffraction and Spectroscopic Determination of the Structure of Spiropentane, C5H8

Gas-phase electron-diffraction (GED) data have been combined with recent spectroscopic rotational constants to determine the rα0 structural parameters for spiropentane, C5H8. The structure has D2d symmetry, and the results yield values of 1.105(2) A for the CH bond length, 1.557(3) A for the distal CC bond length, and a smaller value of 1.482(1) A for the four lateral CC bonds that connect to the central carbon atom. The HCH angle is 113.7(13)°, and the HCH flap angle, defined as the angle of the HCH bisector and the distal CC bond, is 150.2(16)°. Corresponding rg values are 1.122(2) A, 1.560(3) A, 1.485(1) A, 115.1(13)°, and 148.9 (16)°. The results are in good accord with values from density functional calculations (B3LYP/cc-pVTZ) and resolve some questions about the structure reported in an earlier GED study, in particular about the HCH angle and anomalous rotational constants calculated for the structure.
Digital processing, communication, and display of medical images

We examine the entire imaging chain, from acquisition to interpretation and storage, and indicate the opportunities for applying state-of-the-art techniques throughout that chain. Implications for quality and cost of care, including the impact on what is considered to be the standard of care, are discussed. Attention is drawn to the complementary roles played by large databases on one hand, and powerful comparative and quantitative methods on the other. The relevance of well-designed user interfaces, and of psychovisual considerations, is indicated, and their interaction with various compression algorithms is discussed. The benefit to diagnosis of knowledge-based approaches is considered.
Unilateral tubal twin pregnancy

Abstract Up to Dec. 31, 1957, only 81 well-authenticated cases of unilateral tubal twin pregnancy had been reported. A further case is reported in which the adjacent ovary contained two distinct corpora lutea, suggesting the possibility of a tubal dizygotic twin pregnancy.
The natural history of acute Ebola Virus Disease among patients managed in five Ebola treatment units in West Africa: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction Previous studies of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) have focused on clinical symptoms and Ebola virus (EBOV) cycle threshold (CT) values recorded at patient triage. Our study explores EVD symptoms and EBOV CT values from onset of illness to recovery or death in a diverse population of patients. Methodology/Principal findings We analyzed clinical care data from EBOV positive patients admitted to five Ebola treatment units in West Africa from 2014–2015. Prevalence of clinical signs/symptoms and CT values were explored using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression was used to examine their association with mortality. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimators from symptom onset date to death. During the first week of illness, dyspnea (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.07–5.85) and tachycardia (OR = 10.22, 95% CI: 2.20–56.71) were associated with higher odds of mortality. Dyspnea (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.210–4.581), bleeding (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.219–5.337), and diarrhoea (OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.171–6.970) at any point during the illness course were associated with higher odds of mortality. Higher initial (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81–0.89) and mean (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.53–0.66) CT values were associated with lower odds of mortality. CT values reached their nadir after 3–5 days of illness and then rose in both survivors and non-survivors until recovery or death. Conclusions/Significance Our study demonstrates the population prevalence of clinical signs/symptoms and EBOV CT values over time in a large, diverse cohort of patients with EVD, as well as associations between symptoms/EBOV CT values and mortality. These findings have implications on surveillance, operational planning, and clinical care for future EVD outbreaks.
Population pharmacokinetic model of transdermal nicotine delivered from a matrix-type patch

Aims Nicotine addiction is an issue faced by millions of individuals worldwide. As a result, nicotine replacement therapies, such as transdermal nicotine patches, have become widely distributed and used. While the pharmacokinetics of transdermal nicotine have been extensively described using noncompartmental methods, there are few data available describing the between-subject variability in transdermal nicotine pharmacokinetics. The aim of this investigation was to use population pharmacokinetic techniques to describe this variability, particularly as it pertains to the absorption of nicotine from the transdermal patch. Methods A population pharmacokinetic parent-metabolite model was developed using plasma concentrations from 25 participants treated with transdermal nicotine. Covariates tested in this model included: body weight, body mass index, body surface area (calculated using the Mosteller equation) and sex. Results Nicotine pharmacokinetics were best described with a one-compartment model with absorption based on a Weibull distribution and first-order elimination and a single compartment for the major metabolite, cotinine. Body weight was a significant covariate on apparent volume of distribution of nicotine (exponential scaling factor 1.42). After the inclusion of body weight in the model, no other covariates were significant. Conclusions This is the first population pharmacokinetic model to describe the absorption and disposition of transdermal nicotine and its metabolism to cotinine and the pharmacokinetic variability between individuals who were administered the patch.
Waveguide-based electro-absorption modulator performance: comparative analysis

Electro-optic modulators perform a key function for data processing and communication. Rapid growth in data volume and increasing bits per second rates demand increased transmitter and thus modulator performance. Recent years have seen the introduction of new materials and modulator designs to include polaritonic optical modes aimed at achieving advanced performance in terms of speed, energy efficiency, and footprint. Such ad hoc modulator designs, however, leave a universal design for these novel material classes of devices missing. Here we execute a holistic performance analysis for waveguide-based electro-absorption modulators and use the performance metric switching energy per unit bandwidth (speed). We show that the performance is fundamentally determined by the ratio of the differential absorption cross-section of the switching material's broadening and the waveguide effective mode area. We find that the former shows highest performance for a broad class of materials relying on Pauli-blocking (absorption saturation), such as semiconductor quantum wells, quantum dots, graphene, and other 2D materials, but is quite similar amongst these classes. In this respect these materials are clearly superior to those relying on free carrier absorption, such as Si and ITO. The performance improvement on the material side is fundamentally limited by the oscillator sum rule and thermal broadening of the Fermi-Dirac distribution. We also find that performance scales with modal waveguide confinement. Thus, we find highest energy-bandwidth-ratio modulator designs to be graphene, QD, QW, or 2D material-based plasmonic slot waveguides where the electric field is in-plane with the switching material dimension. We show that this improvement always comes at the expense of increased insertion loss. Incorporating fundamental device physics, design trade-offs, and resulting performance, this analysis aims to guide future experimental modulator explorations.
Experimental and statistical investigation of drilling fluids loss in porous media–part 1

Abstract Drilling fluids Invasion and mud filtration is a complex process that is influenced by several variables, and has NPT (Non-Productive Time) implications. Most of these variables are either within operational control limits (mud type, LCM type/concentration, and rotary speed) or pre-existing limits (temperature, fracture width, and rock type/permeability/porosity). It is unclear which of these variable(s) have significant positive or negative impact on dynamic fluid loss, filtration patterns, invasion rates, and plastering effect. The primary objective of the study presented in this paper is to quantify the contributing effects of temperature change, lost circulation material (LCM) type, concentration, size (particle size distribution), and variation in porous media on dynamic drilling fluids invasion. Statistical methods were used to determine the magnitude and significance of these independent variables. The fluid loss experiments reported herein were performed with a dynamic-radial system that accounts for rotary speed, eccentricity, torque, pressure, and temperature. The effects of the variables mentioned above were studied using ceramic filter tubes and thick-walled cylindrical limestone, sandstone, and chalk rock specimens. The results from the experiments showed that a change in temperature significantly affects fluid loss. The importance of rock mineralogy, porosity, and permeability in dictating dynamic fluid loss profiles, mud invasion rates, and plastering effects were also revealed by the fluid loss results. The results from the ceramic filter tubes, often undermines the effect of rock type which can be misleading. Statistical analyses showed no significant change in dynamic fluid loss with the two treatment levels of pore throat diameters that were investigated. These results cannot represent the actual porous media complexities. In the cases where vertical fractures were created and sealed, the combined effects of LCM and low permeability of rock specimen were defined in the reduced dynamic mud filtration results and filter cake plastering effects.
Multiple Regions of Interest on Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging are Not Associated with Increased Detection of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer on Fusion Biopsy

Purpose: We sought to determine the association between multiple regions of interest on prebiopsy magnetic resonance imaging and the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer in men undergoing magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion biopsy.Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective, single institution analysis of men who underwent fusion biopsy. Men with prior positive biopsies, magnetic resonance imaging performed elsewhere and/or magnetic resonance imaging prior to release of the PI-RADS™ (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System) version 2 were excluded from study, resulting in 381 participants. Modeled independent variables included patient age, number of regions of interest with a PI-RADS categorization of 3 or greater, body mass index, prostate specific antigen, prostate volume and PI-RADS categorization. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with finding clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason 7 or greater) on biopsy.Result...
On-Demand Microwave-Assisted Fabrication of Gelatin Foams.

Ultraporous gelatin foams (porosity >94%, ρ ≈ 0.039–0.056 g/cm3) have been fabricated via microwave radiation. The resulting foam structures are unique with regard to pore morphology (i.e., closed-cell) and exhibit 100% macroporosity (pore size 332 to 1700 μm), presence of an external skin, and densities similar to aerogels. Results indicate that the primary foaming mechanism is governed by the vaporization of water that is tightly bound in secondary structures (i.e., helices, β-turns, β-sheets) that are present in dehydrated gelatin films but not present in the foams after microwave radiation (700 Watts).
Work and Emotions

Sociological interest in work and emotions is flourishing. This enthusiasm has been shared by organizational researchers, whose field has experienced an “affective revolution” over the past few decades. Sociological and organizational approaches to emotion differ in scope and focus, but also have points of convergence. This chapter explores these issues by engaging both the sociological and organizational literatures on work and emotion. Two broad research areas are examined. One is the study of emotional expression, which encompasses efforts to understand more spontaneous and “extra-organizational” aspects of emotionality at work. The second focuses on emotional regulation, which includes emotional labor, as well as research on the regulation, structuring, and management of emotion. This review demonstrates that emotion has made its way into virtually every aspect of the study of work and helped reframe understanding of fundamental workplace processes, such as inequality, and outcomes like performance that are of particular concern in organizational research. The United States is now on the verge of a “new economy,” whose features diverge from the service economy of the past. Identifying what lines of emotion research are most critical to understanding the twenty-first century workplace is an important task.
In Situ Pinning of SCFE

The patient was identified and the site of surgery confirmed. Anesthesia was induced. Prophylactic antibiotics were administered. The patient was placed supine on the fracture table in minimal skin traction. The opposite leg was abducted and extended. Fluoroscopy was used to verify appropriate visualization of the hip, subchondral bone, and physeal plate in the AP and lateral planes. The patient was then prepped and draped.
Novel Type of Complicated Autosomal Dominant Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Associated with Congenital Distal Arthrogryposis Type I

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is one of the most genetically heterogeneous neurological disorders. HSP is classified as pure when only a spastic weakness of the lower extremities is present. Complex HSP comes with additional neurological or systemic abnormalities. Complex HSP with skeletal abnormalities is rare and mostly seen in autosomal recessive HSP. Autosomal dominant (AD) complex HSP with skeletal abnormalities are consistently seen only in SPG9 (spastic gait type 9). In this paper, we report a kindred condition with AD HSP among four living affected individuals who had progressive, adult onset spastic paraparesis that was associated with a distal arthrogryposis (DA) in every affected individual. They also had episodes of rhabdomyolysis without any clinical signs of myopathy. Exhaustive genetic analysis including targeted sequencing of known HSP and DA genes and whole exome sequencing did not identify the disease-causing gene. It excluded all known HSP and DA genes. We propose that this is a novel genetic type of complex AD HSP. Elucidation of a genetic cause of this type of HSP will further contribute to our understanding of axonal degeneration and skeletal abnormalities.
Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation Outcomes for Relapsed Metastatic Germ-Cell Tumors in the Modern Era.

Abstract Background High-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem-cell transplantation (aSCT) has been a standard therapy for relapsed metastatic germ-cell tumors (GCTs) over the last 2 decades, but there have been many changes in practice over time with respect to stem-cell source, mobilization, and conditioning regimens. Mobilization is impaired with greater cisplatin exposure. Patients and Methods Patients with relapsed GCT who received HDCT/aSCT at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute between 1997 and 2017 were identified. Diagnosis, first-line chemotherapy, stem-cell mobilization, HDCT, toxicity, and survival outcomes were annotated and descriptively summarized. Univariable associations of clinicopathologic features and relapse and survival were assessed. Time-to-event analyses were performed by HDCT type and duration. Results Thirty-five eligible patients were identified. The most common regimen before HDCT was paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and cisplatin, and it resulted in a high rate of successful initial mobilization (95%). Ten patients (29%) were mobilized with filgrastim and plerixafor (CXCR4 antagonist). All plerixafor-treated patients were mobilized with sufficient cells for 2 transplants. Oxazaphosphorine (cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide)-containing (O-C) HDCT was provided between 1997 and 2008, and subsequent patients were treated with high-dose carboplatin plus etoposide (CE). O-C HDCT was associated with excessive cardiac (33%), severe liver (93%), and renal dysfunction compared to CE. Two O-C–treated patients died of drug-related lung toxicity. Fifty-one percent of the cohort experienced relapse, and 46% died. Conclusion Plerixafor has a role in stem-cell mobilization and aSCT for relapsed GCT when cisplatin in bridging before HDCT may be problematic. O-C and CE HDCT regimens have different toxicity patterns that are clinically meaningful.
Abstract TP242: Factors Influencing Timeliness of Stroke Transfer From the Emergency Department

Background: The emergency department (ED) plays a pivotal role in the care of patients with acute ischemic stroke, particularly when transferred to another facility for definitive treatment. Our ob...
Cost Effective Implementation of a Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science Program

The establishment of an advanced practice level in clinical laboratory science, the Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science (DCLS), has been a goal of the clinical laboratory science (CLS) community for more than 10 years. CLS educators at institutions of higher education are challenged to find the resources needed to provide the high-level and relevant didactic and experiential learning opportunities for medical laboratory scientists (MLS) to enter this new career path. Implementation of a DCLS program was achieved using a three phase approach, first adding a CLS track in an existing MS program, then expanding the breadth and depth of the curriculum into a MS in CLS, and using that strong foundation to complete the ladder to the DCLS level. This model also includes interdepartmental collaboration, interprofesional education (IPE), and faculty, course, and resource sharing. The three phase strategic approach provided the faculty and developmental resources and curricular foundation to implement the DCLS program in a cost-effective manner. ABBREVIATIONS: American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS), Doctorate in Clinical Laboratory Science (DCLS), Clinical Laboratory Science (CLS), Master of Science in Health Sciences-Clinical Laboratory Science Track (MSHS-CLS), Master of Science in Clinical Laboratory Science (MSCLS), Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS), National Accreditation Agency for Clinical Laboratory Science (NAACLS), Rutgers- School of Health Related Professions (Rutgers-SHRP)
Roman warfare: targeting of support cells in AML.

In this issue of Blood , Edwards et al identified abolishment of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1)–mediated supportive paracrine signaling as a potential novel therapeutic strategy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). “Famine makes greater havoc in an army than the enemy, and is more terrible than the sword.” This maxim, penned by the Roman writer Vegetius, describes the Roman military principle of depleting enemy resources to increase one’s likelihood of victory. Although this approach was developed for wars involving troops and sieges, Edwards et al have identified a mechanism by which it could be usefully applied to treating AML. 1
Cohesive force and unsteady propagation of a longitudinal-shear crack

The dynamic propagation of a longitudinal-shear crack is studied to form a model of fracture that has some physical bases. The stress field around the crack tip is analyzed in detail, under the assumption that the cohesive force is given as a function of the displacement discontinuity. This analysis yields a fracture condition which turns out to be equivalent to the energetic criterion, but the meaning of specific surface energy is made clearer. The stress distribution in the vicinity of the crack tip is demonstrated for several models of cohesive force diagrams. It is assumed that the slip-velocitydependent boundary condition which includes the effect of creep and static and dynamic frictions governs the semi-infinite fault plane except for the infinitesimally small end-region associated with the cohesive force. Based on these formulations of the fracture and boundary conditions, the crack growth is calculated numerically. In this model, stress accumulation first takes place through creep over the whole fault plane, and then the crack begins to grow, accompanied by the formation of the crack surface having the dynamic friction. It is shown that the motion of the crack tip is either ‘smooth’ or ‘bumpy’, depending on the parameters of the boundary conditions. The smooth propagation is associated with the rapid expansion of the crack surface, while the bumpy propagation only produces the crack surface on the restricted area adjacent to the crack tip. The brittle and ductile fractures of the material are interpreted by these two types of crack propagation, and this interpretation successfully predicts the brittle—ductile transition induced by the temperature, the confining pressure, and the pore pressure.
Multicultural Education in the US and UK in the 1980s and Beyond: The Role of Interest Convergence-Divergence.

This paper traces the beginnings of multicultural policies and programs in New York City and London during the 1980s. Using Caraballo’s analysis of intercultural and intergroup programs as a model,...
Afann: bias adjustment for alignment-free sequence comparison based on sequencing data using neural network regression

Alignment-free methods, more time and memory efficient than alignment-based methods, have been widely used for comparing genome sequences or raw sequencing samples without assembly. However, in this study, we show that alignment-free dissimilarity calculated based on sequencing samples can be overestimated compared with the dissimilarity calculated based on their genomes, and this bias can significantly decrease the performance of the alignment-free analysis. Here, we introduce a new alignment-free tool, Alignment-Free methods Adjusted by Neural Network (Afann) that successfully adjusts this bias and achieves excellent performance on various independent datasets. Afann is freely available at https://github.com/GeniusTang/Afann.
MMiDaS-AE: multi-modal missing data aware stacked autoencoder for biomedical abstract screening

Systematic review (SR) is an essential process to identify, evaluate, and summarize the findings of all relevant individual studies concerning health-related questions. However, conducting a SR is labor-intensive, as identifying relevant studies is a daunting process that entails multiple researchers screening thousands of articles for relevance. In this paper, we propose MMiDaS-AE, a Multi-modal Missing Data aware Stacked Autoencoder, for semi-automating screening for SRs. We use a multi-modal view that exploits three representations, of: 1) documents, 2) topics, and 3) citation networks. Documents that contain similar words will be nearby in the document embedding space. Models can also exploit the relationship between documents and the associated SR MeSH terms to capture article relevancy. Finally, related works will likely share the same citations, and thus closely related articles would, intuitively, be trained to be close to each other in the embedding space. However, using all three learned representations as features directly result in an unwieldy number of parameters. Thus, motivated by recent work on multi-modal auto-encoders, we adopt a multi-modal stacked autoencoder that can learn a shared representation encoding all three representations in a compressed space. However, in practice one or more of these modalities may be missing for an article (e.g., if we cannot recover citation information). Therefore, we propose to learn to impute the shared representation even when specific inputs are missing. We find this new model significantly improves performance on a dataset consisting of 15 SRs compared to existing approaches.
Prognostic Awareness and Goals of Care Discussions Among Patients With Advanced Heart Failure.

Background: Prognostic awareness (PA)—the understanding of limited life expectancy—is critical for effective goals of care discussions (GOCD) in which patients discuss their goals and values in the...
High Rayleigh number variational multiscale large eddy simulations of Rayleigh-Bénard convection

Abstract The variational multiscale (VMS) formulation is used to develop residual-based VMS large eddy simulation (LES) models for Rayleigh-Benard convection. The resulting model is a mixed model that incorporates the VMS model and an eddy viscosity model. The Wall-Adapting Local Eddy-viscosity (WALE) model is used as the eddy viscosity model in this work. The new LES models were implemented in the finite element code Drekar. Simulations are performed using continuous, piecewise linear finite elements. The simulations ranged from R a = 10 6 to R a = 10 14 and were conducted at P r = 1 and P r = 7 . Two domains were considered: a two-dimensional domain of aspect ratio 2 with a fluid confined between two parallel plates and a three-dimensional cylinder of aspect ratio 1/4. The Nusselt number from the VMS results is compared against three dimensional direct numerical simulations and experiments. In all cases, the VMS results are in good agreement with existing literature.
Anticoagulant Reversal in Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Review of Treatment Guidelines

Patients receiving anticoagulant therapies, such as vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), commonly experience gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding as a complication and may require anticoagulant reversal prior to endoscopic treatment. Anticoagulant reversal agents include prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs; including 3 or 4 coagulation factors), plasma, vitamin K, and target-specific DOAC reversal agents (e.g., idarucizumab and andexanet alfa). To review current US, as well as international, guidelines for anticoagulant reversal agents in patients on VKAs or DOACs presenting with GI bleeding prior to endoscopy, guideline-based management of coagulation defects, timing of endoscopy, and recommendations for resumption of anticoagulant therapy following hemostasis. Supporting clinical data were also reviewed. This is a narrative review, based on PubMed and Internet searches reporting GI guidelines and supporting clinical data. GI-specific guidelines state that use of reversal agents should be considered in patients with life-threatening GI bleeding. For VKA patients presenting with an international normalized ratio > 2.5, guidelines recommend PCCs (specifically 4F-PCC), as they may exhibit greater efficacy/safety compared with fresh frozen plasma in reversal of VKA-associated GI bleeding. For DOAC patients, most guidelines recommend targeted specific reversal agents in the setting of GI bleeding; however, PCCs (primarily 4F-PCC) are often listed as another option. Resumption of anticoagulant therapy following cessation of GI bleeding is also recommended to reduce risks of future thromboembolic complications. The utility of anticoagulant reversal agents in GI bleeding is recognized in guidelines; however, such agents should be reserved for use in truly life-threatening scenarios.
Anxiety sensitivity and suicide risk: Mindfulness as a psychological buffer for Black adults.

Abstract Background Anxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as the fear of anxiety-related sensations, is associated with increased risk for suicide and related behavior. However, investigations of AS have centered on primarily non-Hispanic White men and women and with limited attention to clinically relevant underlying factors. Methods The purpose of this preliminary study was to examine the indirect effect of AS on suicide ideation and elevated suicide risk through mindfulness in a sample of 307 Black adults (79.2% female; Mage = 22.4, SD = 5.6). Participants completed an online questionnaire battery that included measures of AS, mindfulness, suicide ideation, and elevated suicide risk. Results After controlling for age and gender, results indicated that AS was directly and indirectly associated with suicide ideation and elevated suicide risk via lower levels of mindfulness. Limitations Limitations include using a cross-sectional methodological design and exclusive reliance on self-report measures. Conclusions These findings provide preliminary insight into novel risk and protective factors that influence suicide ideation and elevated suicide risk among Black Americans.
Context-based Automated Responses of Unavailability in Mobile Messaging

People are not always able to respond immediately to incoming messages on their mobile devices, either due to engagement in another task or simply because the moment is inconvenient for them. This delay in responding could affect social relationships, as there are often expectations associated with mobile messaging and people may experience a lingering pressure to attend to their messages. In this work, we investigate an approach for generating automated contextual responses on behalf of message recipients when they are not available to respond. We first identify several types of contextual information that can be obtained from a user’s smartphone and explore whether those can be used to explain unavailability. We then assess users’ perception of the usefulness of these sensor-based categories and their level of comfort with sharing such information through a Mechanical Turk survey study. Our results show emergent groups with varying preferences with regards to the usefulness and comfort in sharing two types of contextual information: user state and device state. Further, we also observed a strong influence of message context (i.e., message urgency and social tie strength) in users’ perceptions of these auto-generated messages. Our research provides understanding of users’ perceptions of sharing context through an autonomous agent that can help design and create effective approaches towards enabling communication awareness.
Left melodrama

‘Left melodrama’ is a form of contemporary political critique that combines thematic elements and narrative structures of the melodramatic genre with a political perspective grounded in a left theoretical tradition, fusing them to dramatically interrogate oppressive social structures and unequal relations of power. It is also a new form of what Walter Benjamin called ‘left melancholy’, a critique that deadens what it examines by employing outdated and insufficient analyses to current exploitations. Left melodrama is melancholic insofar as its use of older leftist critical methods disavows its attachments to the failed promises of left political-theoretical critique: that it could provide direct means to freedom and moral rightness. Left melodrama is melodramatic insofar as it incorporates the specific melodramatic narrative, style and promise of the text that stands in for its disavowed attachments: the Manifesto of the Communist Party. Whereas the Manifesto's critical power promised radical political transformation, left melodrama incorporates the Manifesto's melodramatic style in an effort to revivify that promise. It thus inhibits the creation of new critical methods appropriate to our current historical moment and occludes Marx and Engels' warning that the possibility of radical transformation is diminished when the past furnishes the vision for the future. Left melodrama can be found in the texts of Giorgio Agamben, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri; their reincorporation of the Manifesto's melodrama both contributes to their widespread success and undercuts their critical capacities to examine and challenge the inequalities, injustices and unfreedom that shape the present moment.
Personal Identity and Concrete Values

In “The Moral Sense in the Origin and Progress of the Social World,” A-T. Tymieniecka points out that the experience of “moral valuation” arising in the individual’s interactions with the life-world has been neglected in the contemporary philosophical emphasis on the cognitive process of the experience of abstract values.1 Here I wish to contribute to the understanding of the process of “moral valuation” through an examination of the role of concrete values in achieving self-identity.
In Brief: Nominations requested for U.S. science medals

[1] Scientists can help recognize the contributions of colleagues by submitting nominations for the National Medal of Science and the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, which are the highest honors the president bestows in science, technology, and innovation. The National Medal of Science, the nation's highest honor for American scientists and engineers, is given to individuals deserving special recognition for outstanding contributions to knowledge, or the total impact of their work, in the chemical, physical, biological, mathematical, engineering, or behavioral sciences. Nominations and three letters of support must be submitted by 31 March. For more information, contact program manager Mayra Montrose at nms@nsf.gov or +1-703-292-8040, or visithttp://www.nsf.gov/od/nms/medal.jsp.