cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modulation of omega-3/omega-6 polyunsaturated ratios with dietary fish oils in men with prostate cancer.

Abstract Objectives. The results of epidemiologic and animal studies support the role of a low-fat diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids contained in fish oil in preventing the development and progression of prostate cancer. As a first step in studying the role of a low-fat, fish oil-supplemented (LF/FOS) diet in a clinical setting, we conducted a prospective study in men with untreated prostate cancer to evaluate whether a 3-month dietary intervention affects the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids in plasma and gluteal fat. In addition, we evaluated the feasibility of studying cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in serial prostate needle biopsy specimens before and after the diet. Methods. Nine men with untreated prostate cancer consumed an LF/FOS diet for 3 months. Plasma, gluteal adipose tissue, and prostate needle biopsy specimens were obtained from each patient before and after the intervention. The fatty acid compositions of the plasma and gluteal adipose tissue were determined by gas-liquid chromatography, and the COX-2 expression in the prostatic tissue specimens was determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results. Short-term intervention with an LF/FOS diet caused a significant increase in the omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid ratio in plasma ( P = 0.002) and gluteal adipose tissue ( P = 0.002) in men with prostate cancer. The COX-2 expression in prostatic tissue was quantitated by RT-PCR in 7 of 9 patients, and COX-2 expression decreased in 4 of these 7 patients. Conclusions. A short-term dietary intervention in men with prostate cancer leads to a significant increase in the omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid ratios in plasma and adipose tissue. The potential for this diet to prevent the development and progression of prostate cancer by way of altered COX-2 expression and prostaglandin production in prostatic tissue requires further study.
Improvement of the skin sparing characteristics of the Clinac 4 by the use of leaded glass electron filters

Abstract Ionization chamber measurements were taken to determine the Relative Skin Dose from the Varian Clinac 4 (lead flattening filter). The effect of blocking tray material, field size, and scatterer-skin distance on the relative skin dose was investigated both on and off the central axis. It was found that the leaded glass tray enhanced the skin sparing effect of the beam by 25–30%.
12.5 Gbit/s carrier-injection-based silicon micro-ring silicon modulators

We show a scheme for achieving high-speed operation for carrier-injection based silicon electro-optical modulator, which is optimized for small size and high modulation depth. The performance of the device is analyzed theoretically and a 12.5-Gbit/s modulation with high extinction ratio >9dB is demonstrated experimentally using a silicon micro-ring modulator.
Runtime-Constrained Yield Model in Nanocrossbar Systems

Nanoelectronic systems are inherently unreliable, and defect-tolerant logic mapping emerges as a new basic process in manufacturing nanocrossbar-based architectures. Such a mapping phase makes it possible to build functional systems despite the massive prevalence of defects. However, one of the significant change introduced is that yield becomes directly depends on the result of the complex mapping process, and can no longer be estimated simply by defect rate. In this paper, we show that the concept of yield in traditional systems becomes an absolute extreme for nanocrossbar-based systems, and it fails to be of practical value. In fact, yield and mapping runtime cannot be considered separately for nanocrossbar systems, since the true success rate of implementing a logic function on a crossbar is ultimately decided by the mapping process. We propose a new logic-mapping aware yield model, namely runtime-constrained (RTC) yield, which takes into consideration the complexity of mapping process. We show how RTC yield can be modeled mathematically, and how it is capable of capturing the true success rate and the cost of manufacturing nanocrossbar-based systems.
Integrated polarization converters for mid-infrared applications

Two types of integrated polarization converters for mid-infrared operation were designed and fabricated, utilizing Ti-diffused LiNbO3 waveguides. Narrowband and broadband converters with maximum conversion efficiencies of 79% and 92% at 2 microns are demonstrated.
The conversion of C14-labeled sugars to L-ascorbic acid in ripening strawberries. II. Labeling patterns in the free sugars.

(Received for publication, December 20, 1957) Incorporation of Cl4 into L-ascorbic acid’ in detached ripening straw- berries to which specifically labeled sugars have been administered has demonstrated a close relationship between ascorbic acid and glucose metabolism at the hexose level (1). Corresponding observations have been made on the conversion of glucose to ascorbic acid in green gram seeds (2, 3) and in cress seedlings (4). Ascorbic acid isolated from strawberries fed glucose-l-84 was found to contain 65 to 70 per cent of its total activity in carbon 1. This observation, together with other related data, was interpreted as evidence that glucose or a closely related intermediate was the ultimate precursor of ascorbic acid in plants; that the conversion of glucose to ascorbic acid occurred in such a way that the carbon chain was preserved intact, and that carbon 1 of glucose became carbon 1 of ascorbic acid. The last observation mentioned was in contrast to the pathway of ascorbic acid formation in both the cress seedling and the rat, as proposed by Isherwood, Chen, and Mapson (5), and in the rat as proved by King and coworkers (6-9). In an effort to learn whether results obtained with the strawberry represented a unique or possibly an alternative pathway, or whether the observation was representative of the normal path of ascorbic acid formation in plants, the glucose-l-Cl4 experiment was repeated with cress seedlings (4). Again, about 70 per cent of the total activity of the ascorbic acid appeared in carbon 1 after administration of glucose-l-04. To provide further information on the origin and nature of ascorbic acid labeling patterns obtained from strawberries administered various specifically labeled sugars, we have now investigated labeling patterns of
Postcolonial Gothic and The God of Small Things : The Haunting of India's Past

The article interprets The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy as postcolonial Gothic literature. Roy skillfully employs Gothic tropes to challenge historical narratives of India and convey the anxieties of India's struggle with its postcolonial identity. Roy utilizes traditional Gothic conventions, yet at the same time, she challenges these conventions to effectively illustrate the haunting of India's colonial past upon its present. By creating her own Gothic hybrid, Roy establishes a form of empowerment for postcolonial India and its people. Roy creates a world of ghosts that promise to continue haunting, forever reminding that for India, its culture cannot be erased, its past cannot be forgotten, and its people will not be silenced.
Event-based workflow and the management interface

Long transactions cause pragmatic problems for workflow systems - as the transaction is moving, so is the surrounding world. We look at three scenarios in which external events affect the performance and public perception of a system. Then we discuss management user interfaces. First, we consider an intervention interface. Second, we argue that a context monitor, manned by humans rather than machines, can provide a way for the overall system to be more responsive to what is happening in the surrounding world, by making use of our cognitive capacity to grasp and react to unforeseen events. Third, we propose a planning interface, which can be use to design how managers will respond to certain foreseeable situations. The relationship of these interfaces to the overall problem of enterprise integration is described, and some generalizations are made about how we interact with software.
A New Bronx Tale: Gateway Center and Modern Urban Redevelopment

From the late 19 century until 1945, West Haven, a small manufacturing district in the Morrisania section of the Bronx, New York hummed as one of this city’s bustling industrial centers. After WWII, West Haven boundaries were marked by the Bronx Men’s House of Detention and Yankee Stadium at its north edge, industrial and commuter railroad yards at its eastern and southern rims, and the Major Deegan Expressway and Harlem River at its western edge. And by the mid-1950s this once thriving industrial center formed the western edge of one of the poorest sections of New York City; a section that would languish in blighted obscurity for almost 60 years. Promoting West Haven as a rehabilitation project held little interest for city planners until 2006 when a major redevelopment initiative, led by the development company, Related Companies, and the Bronx Overall Economic Development Corporation, supported by private investment, public dollars and a Community Benefits Agreement (CBA), forged a public ⁄private partnership to meet the challenges of site placement, environmental deterioration and social stigma to revive the markets selling Caribbean and African foods housed in shabby buildings on the water’s edge of West Haven. Today, this project – Gateway Center at the Bronx Terminal Market (Gateway) – defines a glistening entrance to the South Bronx at its western shore, across the revamped 145 Street Bridge and renovated Major Deegan Expressway. The odyssey of this community from industrial hub to blighted core to renaissance retail center is today’s Bronx Tale of contemporary urban development driven by entrepreneurial enlightened selfinterest combined with the City’s commitment to rebuild the much maligned South Bronx, the community of my childhood, by applying sustainable construction principles to create an ecologically successful land use model for integrated retail infrastructure and open space. Community History: The Past Links to the Present
Social Network Characteristics and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

We examined the relationship between social network characteristics and global cognitive status in a community-based sample of 354 adults aged 50+ and with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores of 28+ at baseline. Multivariate analyses indicated that interaction in larger social networks related to better maintenance of MMSE scores and reduced odds of decline to population-based lower quartile MMSE scores at follow-up 12 years later. At follow-up, higher levels of interpersonal activity (more frequent contacts in larger social networks) and exposure to emotional support independently related positively to MMSE. The findings suggest that interaction in larger social networks is a marker that portends less cognitive decline, and that distinct associational paths link interpersonal activity and emotional support to cognitive function.
Scheduling with setups on a two-machine FMS

The types of automated operations a flexible manufacturing machine can perform depend on the tools available in its tool magazine. Since magazine setups are usually non-automated, the time and effort cost for such setups is not negligible for scheduling purposes. This paper considers the scheduling problem of minimizing the completion time of a joblist, where each job requires two operations with the same precedence order, on two machines each capable of performing both operation types but requiring a magazine setup if one operation type is to be followed by the other. The paper shows that in an optimal schedule, at most one setup is required on each of the two machines. Heuristics are developed for scheduling a joblist on this two-machine flexible manufacturing system (FMS). For an empirical evaluation, randomly generated joblists are scheduled using these heuristics. As would be expected, schedules with zero setups are better when the setup time is large; for small setup times schedules with one and two setups become competitive.
External prostate of the hedgehog

The external prostate of male hedgehogs (Erinaceus europeus, Hemiechinus sp.) was studied at the beginning and at the end of the breeding seasons. Its tubular secretory units contain two types of epithelia, columnar and stratified. The columnar epithelium has abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and forms secretory granules. The stratified epithelium undergoes cellular changes culminating in appearance of nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions, nuclear pyknosis and desquamation of cells and nuclei into lumen. The nuclear inclusions contain protein and abundant silver-reducing substances. These inclusions may be derived from the residual protein of the nucleus.
Spatiotemporal chaos in one-and two-dimensional coupled map lattices

Abstract Coupled map lattices are investigated as a model for spatiotemporal chaos. Pattern dynamics in diffusively coupled logistic lattice is briefly reviewed with the use of power spectra, domain distribution, and Lyapunov spectra. Mechanism of pattern selection with the suppression of chaos is discussed. Pattern dynamics on a 2-dimensional lattice is shown. In a weak coupling regime, a similarity with the one-dimensional case is found; frozen random pattern, selection, Brownian motion of a chaotic string, and intermittent collapse of the pattern with selective flicker noise. In a strong coupling regime, frozen pattern is found to be unstable by the surface tension, which is in contrast with the one-dimensional case. Convective coupling model is introduced in connection with the fluid turbulence of Navier-Stokes type. Soliton turbulence and vortex turbulence in the model are reported. Physical implications of coupled map lattices are discussed.
Packet error probabilities in direct sequence spread spectrum packet radio networks with BCH codes

The author computes an upper bound on the packet error probability induced in direct-sequence spread-spectrum networks, when BCH codes are used for the encoding of the packets. The bound, which is introduced, is valid independently of whether signals arrive with equal or unequal powers at the receiver site. Furthermore, it has a simple form and is easy to compute. In addition, it is valid for other classes of forward error correction codes (e.g., convolutional codes). However, numerical results are presented for BCH codes only. >
Scenarios for Molecular-Level Signal Processing

Several research efforts are being carried out in molecular electronics; both theory and experiment claim extraordinary findings for molecular devices. However, before practical molecular circuits can be implemented, we need to develop scenarios for information coding and transfer in molecular circuits able to operate at integration densities and speeds orders of magnitude higher than current ICs do. Initial attempts have been already proposed; however,a simple adaptation to methods being used in current microelectronics devices does not offer much hope at the atomistic and nanoscopic levels due to the large dissipation energy densities that would be generated. We have proposed two new paradigms to process and transmit information in molecular circuits that can defeat the heat dissipation problem. One is based on the characteristic vibrational behavior of molecules and clusters, and the other is based on the molecular electrostatic potentials. It is suggested that these two scenarios can be used for molecular signal processing and transfer in molecular circuits; a theoretical demonstration using computational techniques is presented for these two paradigms.
Employment-Related Constraints: Determinants of Primary Health Care Access?

This study examines the extent to which sick pay, job flexibility, and availability of after-hours care affect low-income workers’ ability to access primary health care services in a rural north central Florida community (n = 77). Workers with paid leave were as likely to report difficulty accessing health care as workers without paid leave; having more job flexibility, however, significantly reduced workers’ odds of experiencing difficulty accessing sick and preventive care. Reported difficulty leaving work to obtain sick care was also strongly associated with a perceived need for after-hours care. Full-time workers who were ill, did not have the flexibility of leaving work during regular working hours, and had no access to after-hours care reported the greatest difficulty accessing primary health care services.
Targeted Histone Acetylation at the Yeast CUP1 Promoter Requires the Transcriptional Activator, the TATA Boxes, and the Putative Histone Acetylase Encoded by SPT10

The relationship between chromatin remodeling and histone acetylation at the yeast CUP1 gene was addressed. CUP1 encodes a metallothionein required for cell growth at high copper concentrations. Induction of CUP1 with copper resulted in targeted acetylation of both H3 and H4 at the CUP1 promoter. Nucleosomes containing upstream activating sequences and sequences farther upstream were the targets for H3 acetylation. Targeted acetylation of H3 and H4 required the transcriptional activator (Ace1p) and the TATA boxes, suggesting that targeted acetylation occurs when TATA-binding protein binds to the TATA box or at a later stage in initiation. We have shown previously that induction results in nucleosome repositioning over the entire CUP1 gene, which requires Ace1p but not the TATA boxes. Therefore, the movement of nucleosomes occurring on CUP1 induction is independent of targeted acetylation. Targeted acetylation of both H3 and H4 also required the product of the SPT10 gene, which encodes a putative histone acetylase implicated in regulation at core promoters. Disruption of SPT10 was lethal at high copper concentrations and correlated with slower induction and reduced maximum levels of CUP1 mRNA. These observations constitute evidence for a novel mechanism of chromatin activation at CUP1, with a major role for the TATA box.
A Computer Controlled Film Reader with Manual Supervision Features

A Computer program RAW has been developed which permits a user to dynamically control the process of digitizing certain kinds of filmed images. A brief general rationale for film reading is followed by descriptions of the digitizing equipment and the program. Some conclusions are deduced. The paper concludes with a few brief guesses about the future of such activities.© (1966) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Histidine in the nucleotide-binding site of NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase from pig heart.

Incubation of pig heart NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase with ethoxyformic anhydride (diethylpyrocarbonate) at pH 6.2 results in a 9-fold greater rate of loss of dehydrogenase than of oxalosuccinate decarboxylase activity. The rate constants for loss of dehydrogenase and decarboxylase activities depend on the basic form of ionizable groups with pK values of 5.67 and 7.05, respectively, suggesting that inactivation of the two catalytic functions results from reaction with different amino acid residues. The rate of loss of dehydrogenase activity is decreased only slightly in the presence of manganous isocitrate, but is reduced up to 10-fold by addition of the coenzymes or coenzyme analogues, such as 2′-phosphoadenosine 5′-diphosphoribose (Rib-P2-Ado-P). Enzyme modified at pH 5.8 fails to bind NADPH, but exhibits manganese-enhanced isocitrate binding typical of native enzyme, indicating that reaction takes place in the region of the nucleotide binding site. Dissociation constants for enzyme · coenzyme-analogue complexes have been calculated from the decrease in the rate of inactivation as a function of analogue concentration. In the presence of isocitrate, activating metals (Mn2+, Mg2+, Zn2+) decrease the Kd value for enzyme. Rib-P2-Ado-P, while the inhibitor Ca2+ increases Kd. The strengthened binding of nucleotide produced by activating metal-isocitrate complexes may be essential for the catalytic reaction, reflecting an optimal orientation of NADP+ to facilitate hydride transfer. Measurements of ethoxyformyl-histidine formation at 240 nm and of incorporation of [14C]ethoxy groups in the presence and absence of Rib-P2-Ado-P indicate that loss of activity may be related to modification of approximately one histidine. The critical histidine appears to be located in the nucleotide binding site in a region distal from the substrate binding site.
Hybrid carbon nanotube–carbon fiber composites with improved in-plane mechanical properties

Abstract In this study carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on carbon fibers to enhance the in-plane and out-of-plane properties of fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRPs). A relatively low temperature synthesis technique was utilized to directly grow CNTs over the carbon fibers. Several composites based on carbon fibers with different surface treatments (e.g. growing CNTs with different lengths and distribution patterns and coating the fibers with a thermal barrier coating (TBC) layer) were fabricated and characterized via on- and off-axis tensile tests. The on-axis tensile strength and ductility of the hybrid FRPs were improved by 11% and 35%, respectively, due to the presence of the TBC and the surface grown CNTs. This configuration also exhibited 16% improvement on the off-axis stiffness. Results suggest that certain CNT growth patterns and lengths are more pertinent than the other surface treatments to achieve superior mechanical properties.
Mexico's conditional cash transfer programme increases cesarean section rates among the rural poor.

Background: Caesarean section rates are increasing in Mexico and Latin America. This study evaluates the impact of a large-scale, conditional cash transfer programme in Mexico on caesarean section rates. The programme provides cash transfers to participating low income, rural households in Mexico conditional on accepting health care and nutrition supplements. Methods: The primary analyses uses retrospective reports from 979 women in poor rural communities participating in an effectiveness study and randomly assigned to incorporation into the programme in 1998 or 1999 across seven Mexican states. Using multivariate and instrumental variable analyses, we estimate the impact of the programme on caesarean sections and predict the adjusted mean rates by clinical setting. Programme participation is measured by beneficiary status, programme months and cash transfers. Results: More than two-thirds of poor rural women delivered in a health facility. Beneficiary status is associated with a 5.1 percentage point increase in caesarean rates; this impact increases to 7.5 percentage points for beneficiaries enrolled in the programme for ≥6 months before delivery. Beneficiaries had significantly higher caesarean delivery rates in social security facilities (24.0 compared with 5.6% among non-beneficiaries) and in other government facilities (19.3 compared with 9.5%). Conclusion: The Oportunidades conditional cash transfer programme is associated with higher caesarean section rates in social security and government health facilities. This effect appears to be driven by the increases in disposable income from the cash transfer. These findings are relevant to other countries implementing conditional cash transfer programmes and health care requirements.
Abstract 19075: TEVAR Remodels the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta in Acute DeBakey 3 Dissection: Early Results

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine the remodeling impact of TEVAR on different segments of the aorta in acute DeBakey 3 aortic dissections. Methods: Between January 2012 and June 2014, 136 patients underwent TEVAR at a US academic institution. 32 (24%) patients underwent TEVAR for acute complicated DeBakey 3 (3a n=3, 3b n=29) aortic dissections. Volumetric measurements of the true and false lumens of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta were performed upon pre and postoperative CT scans using Osirix Imaging Software. Aortic volumes were measured for the stented, stent end to celiac artery, celiac to renals, and infrarenal aortic segments. True lumen (TLR= true lumen (TL)/total aortic volume) and false lumen ratios (FLR=false lumen(FL)/total aortic volume) were calculated using total aortic volumes. Results: The mean age was 56 ± 12 years. The mean length of aortic coverage was 197±29 mm. Operative mortality was 3.1%. The incidence of stroke and transient paraperesis were 3.1...
Entrepreneurial Orientation, Size and Location Decisions: Comparing within a Single Manufacturing Industry

The purpose of this study was to determine if location decisions differ within a single, low-technology industry based on entrepreneurial orientation or firm size. A mailed survey questionnaire was...
Quantum information processing with quantum dots in photonic crystals

We have experimentally demonstrated cavity QED with single quantum dots in photonic crystal cavities, both in the strong and weak coupling regimes. Quantum dots on chip are selectively and reversibly tuned into the strong coupling. Article not available.
Surface Morphology of Diamond Thin Films Using Photoinduced Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Photo-induced conduction in thin insulating films of diamond was used to obtain STM images indicative of film morphology. UV light was used to generate carriers in the conduction band of diamond films grown on Si (111). Tunneling currents could only be established when the tunnel junction was illuminated. Without the light, no current was measured even with the tip in contact with the surface. Two types of films were studied. A CVD grown diamond film with nitrogen impurities and a diamond-like film grown by laser ablation of graphite. Topological detail was compared to that obtained with an AFM. The correspondence between AFM and photoinduced STM images suggests that the STM images are indicative of film morphology.
Atypical presentation of typical carcinoid

Bronchial carcinoid tumours can present with symptoms of distal airway obstruction, local airway irritation or bleeding due to hypervascularity. Presentation with a spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) is rare. We present a case of typical endobronchial carcinoid tumour that presented with a SP. We explored the possible mechanisms of this rare presentation, especially the check-valve mechanism of airway obstruction, which was evident during the fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination.
Silicon Clathrate Quantum Dots and the Allotropic Dependence of Quantum Confinement

Clathrate quantum dots have yet to be synthesized but represent an entirely new direction harnessing the promise of quantum dot assemblies. Of particular interest is the idea that clathrate nanocrystals may be able to carry out multiple-exciton generation for a slice of the solar spectrum that makes them more technologically relevant than their diamond silicon counterparts. Nine types of silicon clathrate nanocrystals are computationally characterized and compared. The relationship between crystal structure and quantum confinement is quantified by analyzing sets of quantum dots associated with each clathrate crystal type. The computational results allow a relationship to be constructed between dot size and energy gap that gives a linear correlation between quantum confinement sensitivity and bulk crystal effective mass. All clathrates are found to have a confinement sensitivity less than that of diamond silicon. Bulk properties (gap and effective mass) can therefore be used to identify clathrate semicondu...
Rebuttal to letter to the editor.

Dear Editor,We have read the recent letter, “Trigger point dry needling: the data does not support broad applicability or robust effect,” 1 in critique of the research we conducted, which was publi...
Contrast study on cold-flow mixing effect and combustion efficiency of afterburning chamber of solid rocket ramjet

Under the same gas parameter condition,cold-flow mixing effect and combustion efficiency of several air inlet models were quantitatively analyzed.Then reaction flow-fields were simulated,and the respective combustion efficiency was obtained.By contrast study,the results show that cold-flow mixing effect cann't completely reflect the combustion efficiency,because only mixing effect of pure gas phase flow-field was taken into account for coldflow flow-field analysis,without two phase flow-field.In addition,the stagnation time of metal particles has great effect on combustion efficiency.The investigation results show that betterment of mixing effect and prolongation of stagnation time can improve combustion efficiency.
Second-opinion interpretations of neuroimaging studies by oncologic neuroradiologists can help reduce errors in cancer care.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility and clinical impact of second-opinion interpretations of outside neuroimaging studies by oncologic neuroradiologists at a National Cancer Institute–designated cancer center. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of initial outside and second-opinion radiology reports from 300 computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies and identified cases with discrepancies between the two reports. An adult neuro-oncologist, pediatric neuro-oncologist, and head and neck surgeon reviewed each pair of discrepant reports based on their area of expertise, patient age, and the type of study performed. The clinicians were blinded to the origin of each report and recorded whether the differences in the reports would have led to a change in patient management and/or disease staging. Histopathologic analysis, clinical assessment, and/or minimum 3-month imaging follow-up served as the reference standards to establish which of the 2 reports was correct. RESULTS Among the 283 cases that met our study criteria, there were 55 neuroimaging studies with disagreements (19%) between the initial outside report and second-opinion interpretation. Patient management and/or disease stage would have been altered in 42 of 283 cases (15%) based on report differences as determined by the 2 neuro-oncologists and the surgeon participating in the study. Sufficient follow-up was available in 35 of 42 cases (83%). The second-opinion interpretation was correct 100% of the time (35/35). CONCLUSION Second-opinion interpretations of neuroimaging studies by subspecialized oncologic neuroradiologists provide added value by reducing error and optimizing the care of cancer patients. Cancer 2016. © 2016 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2016;122:2708–2714. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Urodynamic Testing: Alternatives to Electronics

Electronic urodynamic testing, including bladder pressure, urethral pressure profile, voiding rate and velocity, and electromyography, is expensive in terms of equipment, operator and time. Clinical urodynamic testing, including voiding habits and timing, bladder capacity, residual urine volume, voiding cystography, cystometrography and neurologic evaluation, is readily done in the office. Analysis of common syndromes requiring urodynamic assay shows that clinical urodynamic testing may be more useful than electronic urodynamic testing for appropriate treatment.
Development of a Screening Tool in Women Presenting with Unexplained Menorrhagia.

Abstract Menorrhagia is a common clinical problem among reproductive age women and 5% of women in the US seek medical attention annually for menorrhagia. Recent studies suggest that underlying bleeding disorders, particularly Von Willebrand disease and platelet dysfunction, are prevalent in women presenting with menorrhagia. However referral for comprehensive hemostatic evaluation of the substantial numbers of women with otherwise unexplained menorrhagia is problematic given the complexity, availability, and cost of hemostatic testing and the lack of effective point of care screening tests for this population. In the present study, we evaluated 146 women (ages 13–55 yrs) with unexplained menorrhagia in order to develop a simple screening tool for stratifying women for referral for comprehensive hemostatic evaluation and testing. Women with a physician diagnosis of menorrhagia were studied on days 3–9 of their menstrual cycle. ASA, NSAIDS, herbals and other potentially platelet function impairing medications were discontinued at least 14 days prior to study and estrogen based treatment was discontinued for at least 1 menstrual cycle. Women underwent comprehensive hemostatic testing including VWF, platelet aggregation and ATP release, and factor assays. A 12 page questionnaire was developed based on significant bleeding symptoms in a CDC study of women with known VWD (Drews CD, Dilley AB, Lally C, Beckman MG, Evatt B. J Am Med Womens Assoc 2002; 57:217–218) and was administered to study subjects. A combination of 8 questions in 4 categories, including history of duration/extent of menorrhagia, anemia treatment, excessive bleeding with hemostatic challenges, and family diagnosis, resulted in a sensitivity of 81% (95% CI 74–89) and positive predictive value 71% (95% CI 63–71) for hemostatic abnormalities. Adding a pictorial blood assessment chart score > 100 increased the sensitivity of the screening tool to 93% (95% CI 89–98). The data suggest that a simple 8 question screening tool with implementation of a pictorial blood assessment chart may be useful for physicians evaluating women presenting with menorrhagia to help determine which women to refer for comprehensive hemostastic testing and evaluation.
Mercury Poisoning and Latex Paint

Mercury poisoning manifested as acrodynia, reported in a four year old boy in Michigan ten day after the inside of his home was painted with 64 liters of interior latex paint containing phenylmercuric acetate, prompted an investigation by the Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

A population of 257 juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) patients and family members was prospectively evaluated in a study at UCLA School of Medicine and international centers.
Post-traumatic Stress and Trauma-Related Subjective Distress: Comparisons Among Hispanics, African-Americans, and Whites with Severe Mental Illness

We tested the hypothesis with a sample of community mental health clients (N = 132) that Hispanic clients would report significantly greater post-traumatic stress symptoms than African-American or white clients when controlling for gender, psychiatric symptoms of SMI, and subjective distress from six of the most commonly reported trauma in the SMI literature. Results supported our main hypothesis: being self-identified as Hispanic was significantly associated with greater post-traumatic stress symptoms. Subjective distress from having been sexually abused along with being "Hispanic" were the only two significant variables left in the equation. Limitations of this study include its modest sample size.
Where Students Start and What They Do When They Get Stuck: A Qualitative Inquiry into Academic Information-Seeking and Help-Seeking Practices

This study investigates two questions key to academic library resources and services: Which sources are students most likely to use to begin their academic work? Whom do students tend to consult for research assistance? In-depth interviews conducted with 15 undergraduate and graduate students were thematically analyzed through a three-step process. The findings indicate that students are most likely to consult faculty and peers for assistance and are largely unaware of librarians' roles, while they tend to begin research using library databases and do not necessarily start with Google. In addition, student use of small study groups as learning networks and reliance upon alternate sites to conduct research emerged as unanticipated themes.
Wearable Life: A Wrist-Worn Application to Assist Students in Special Education

Wrist-worn wearables hold promising potential in educational settings, specially as assistive technologies for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The possibility to integrate multiple sensors and actuators, summed with the close contact with end users, continuous and unobtrusive usage, accessible placement and conventional look enable wrist-worn applications to accommodate requirements from diverse domains. In special education, wrist-worn wearables have potential to support students in their everyday learning activities. The concrete opportunities in this domain are still unclear though. To explore the potential of wrist-worn applications in special education, we employ user-centered design techniques to elicit the application needs and system requirements. Then, we formally specified, developed and tested an assistive application. The Wearable Life app is a cross-platform solution that integrates a mobile and a wearable device to assist students with intellectual and developmental disabilities and as such enhance their educational experience.
Syria’s anti-imperialist mask: unveiling contradictions of the left through anti-capitalist thought

ABSTRACTThis article, written in 2016, aims to historically situate the neoliberalization of Syria and global and regional relations of power in relation to debates on the current Syrian uprising. It aims to highlight and challenge leftist debates and positions on the Syrian regime and revolution by using leftist analytics to debunk political positions. This is done by drawing upon the thought of Syrian leftists who are active agents of the revolution and juxtaposing them against the thought of a strong leftist current that shows a spectrum of support for the Syrian regime. The current situation in Syria serves as an example of shifts in leftist thought. This article argues that the predominant left position that is rooted in struggles of the 1960s and 1970s has shifted to analyses based solely on political position as opposed to being situated within economic analyses. As such, this article argues that the left is void of Marxist analysis. In addition, by engaging in questions of (anti-)imperialism, this...
The Behaviorally-Enlightened Fiduciary: Addressing Moral Dilemmas Through a Decision-Theoretic Model of Moral Value Judgment

A fiduciary has an ethical obligation to act in the best interests of her client. In this paper, I argue that this obligation demands that a fiduciary advise her client from a behaviorally-informed perspective. However, this obligation creates new moral dilemmas, complicating ex-ante determination and ex-post evaluation of the fulfillment of fiduciary duties. I argue that a prima facie duty to disclosure is only overridden when the potential upside of the non-disclosed option to the beneficiary is small, the potential downside of the non-disclosed option to the beneficiary is large, and the fiduciary is epistemically justified in her beliefs regarding the potential outcomes. I present a decision-theoretic model for evaluating these dilemmas, as well as practical guidance for fiduciaries facing these trade-offs.
Phosphodiesterase 4B knockout prevents skeletal muscle atrophy in rats with burn injury.

The phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4)-cAMP pathway plays a predominant role in mediating skeletal muscle proteolysis in burn injury. The present investigations to determine the PDE4 isoform(s) involved in...
Stand dynamics 11 years after retention harvest in a lodgepole pine forest

Abstract Structurally diverse forests provide resilience to an array of disturbances and are a mainstay of multiple-resource management. Silviculture based on natural disturbance can increase structural heterogeneity while providing other ecological and economic benefits. One useful silvicultural tool for promoting structural heterogeneity is retention harvesting, whereby a portion of forest stands are left unlogged, transitioning even-aged stands to multi-aged. We report stand and tree dynamics 11 years after retention harvest in a central Montana Rocky Mountain lodgepole pine forest with evidence for a mixed-severity fire regime. Treatments were implemented on 16 experimental units with prescriptions for two 50% overstory basal area retention patterns (Aggregated and Dispersed) crossed with two levels of prescribed fire use (Burned and Unburned). The aim of this study was to identify (1) how retention harvest spatial pattern affects stand dynamics, (2) if stand dynamics after retention treatments are more simply attributable to tree size and competition, or if retention pattern affects dynamics beyond those measures, and (3) how stem and basal area heterogeneity varied over the 11-year measurement period. Retention pattern affected overstory density, growth, mortality, and regeneration density and stocking. After controlling for the fine-scale factors of tree size and competition, overstory mortality, regeneration stocking, and regeneration height growth did not vary by treatment-scale factors. Fine-scaled factors explained significant variation in overstory basal area growth, but at the scale of experimental units, growth was also greater in Dispersed treatments. Prescribed burning interacted with retention pattern to influence overstory tree growth, increased overstory mortality, and increased regeneration height growth. Overstory heterogeneity (e.g., in basal area) degraded more rapidly in treatments with the Dispersed spatial pattern than Aggregated. This study evaluates novel silvicultural treatments in a lodgepole pine forest and highlights the tradeoffs between retention patterns combined with broadcast burning on forest change. Our results are useful for planning silvicultural treatments in multiple-use forests designed to promote structural complexity and resilience to disturbances.
Intra-articular Hematoma Block Compared to Procedural Sedation for Closed Reduction of Ankle Fractures.

Background:Initial treatment for a displaced ankle fracture is closed reduction and splinting. This is typically performed in conjunction with either an intra-articular hematoma block (IAHB) or pro...
Use of Smart Antennas in Ad Hoc Networks

The capacity of ad hoc networks can be severely limited due to interference constraints. One way of using improving the overall capacity of ad hoc networks is by the use of smart antennas. Smart antennas allow the energy to be transmitted or received in a particular direction as opposed to disseminating energy in all directions. This helps in achieving significant spatial re-use and thereby increasing the capacity of the network. However, the use of smart antennas presents significant challenges at the higher layers of the protocol stack. In particular, the medium access control and the routing layers will have to be modified and made aware of the presence of such antennas in order to exploit their use. In this chapter we examine the various challenges that arise when deploying such antennas in ad hoc networks and the solutions proposed thus far in order to overcome them. The current state of the art seems to suggest that the deployment of such antennas can have a tremondous impact in terms of increasing the capacity of ad hoc networks.
Surgery for fecal incontinence

Fecal incontinence is underreported by patients and underrecognized by providers. The true prevalence of fecal incontinence is unknown, but in the few published population-based studies, rates range from 0.5% to 13% and are six to eight times more common in women than men (1). Anal continence is maintained by a variety of mechanisms including normal stool delivery and consistency, intact sensation and motor enervation, an intact anal sphincter complex, and a functioning puborectalis muscle (2,3). Loss of anal continence may result from damage to a single part of the continence mechanism or may result from multiple insults over time. While the term anal incontinence includes the loss of gas, liquid stool, and solid stool and may be preferred by some clinicians and organizations, the term fecal incontinence is used in this chapter because of the surgical focus: incontinence to gas is unlikely to result in surgical management. The treatment of fecal incontinence includes behavioral and physical therapy, medications, as well as surgical therapy. Because of varied etiologies of anal incontinence, as well as poor long-term results of anal continence surgery, any approach to treatment of anal incontinence should include a trial of nonsurgical intervention.
The Incidence of Peyronie’s Disease in Rochester, Minnesota, 1950 through 1984

AbstractPeyronie’s disease was diagnosed in 101 male residents of Rochester, Minnesota between 1950 and 1984. Mean patient age at diagnosis was 53 years. The average age-adjusted annual incidence rate of 25.7 and a prevalence rate of 388.6 per 100,000 male population were noted. The steady increase in incidence with time may reflect an increasing tendency to obtain medical help. However, the possibility of a true increase in the incidence rate cannot be ruled out. An effort was made to identify possible risk factors and other disease associations. Rheumatoid arthritis and hypertension were more common among the patients compared to the Rochester population. In contrast, no excess of diabetes mellitus was observed among patients with Peyronie’s disease.
From Criminal Spheres of Familiarity to Crime Networks

We have never lived in a safer world. After peaking around 1985, both violent crime (homicide, robbery, assaut and rape) and property crimes (burglary, larceny and vehicle theft) are on a downward trend; from 1993 and 2012 crime activity has dropped by more than 40% (total number of crimes). Despite the good news, crime is still prevalent in most large cities. FBI reports that in 2013 there were about 3,098 crimes per 100,000 habitants in the USA, with 2,730 of them being property crimes and 367 violent. What most people can agree is that one preventable crime is one crime that should not have taken place. The unveiling of the structure of criminal activity can lead to a better understanding of crime as a whole which in turn can help us provide better protection to our citizens. We demonstrate in this paper that crime follows a very intersting spatial community pattern regardless of the type of crime, criminal activity aggregates in communities of well defined sizes. We believe the results of this paper is a first step towards a theory of crime modeling using network science.