cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of a Fiber-Optic Sensor for High-Speed High-Pressure Cryogenic Flow Rate Measurement

The modeling results of the high-speed flow of liquid hydrogen through a pipe with a fiber-optic sensor attached to the inner pipe wall are presented. Two different sensor sizes were considere * d. The possibility of cavitations in the flow around the sensor was investigated. The effect of sensor position along the pipe length on the sensor sensitivity and disturbance of flow were considered. The influence of inlet and outlet turbulent flow initial conditions on the fluid flow was also examined. The net pressure force acting on the sensor is determined at various Reynolds number. The effectiveness of the sensor for cryogenic fluid flow rate measurement is discussed.
Massive Transfusion of 5 U Packed Redblood Cells, 3 U Fresh Frozen Plasma, and 160 cc of Platelets in a 14-Month-Old Patient.

Background We present a case in which extremely rapid massive transfusion was successfully used to combat severe acute bleeding during a parietooccipital tumor resection in a 14-month-old patient. Case report An 8-kg patient was found to have a 4 × 5 × 5-cm parietooccipital tumor on computed tomography scan, for which resection was urgently planned. Sudden acute bleeding was encountered, which was communicated to the anesthesia team. Transfusion was initiated and a total of 5 units of packed red blood cells, 3 units of fresh frozen plasma, 160 ml of platelets, 200 ml of albumin, and 500 ml of 0.9% normal saline were transfused during a 4-h period. We administered 4 g of mannitol and 0.8 mg of furosemide to deal with anticipated fluid overload. The patient was sent to the intensive care unit and extubated the next day. No clinically significant hemostatic or fluid overload complications were noted after the treatment. Conclusions Massive transfusion (MT) was found to be safe and effective in this case. Most of what we know about pediatric MT is an extrapolation of data from adult studies. Although practical, it might not be ideal due to the differences in the physiology and incomplete development of hemostatic mechanisms in children, especially those younger than 12 months. Studies evaluating the use of pediatric MT protocols have not shown a significant advantage over transfusion per clinician discretion.
Aerodynamic stability modes of low aspect ratio wings

An incomplete understanding of the unique aerodynamic flight regime of low aspect ratio (LAR) wings has slowed the development of Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) as the stability characteristics are not well predicted. In this research, a complete dynamic model for canonical flat plate (0% camber) wings is developed based on experimental data for static and damping stability derivatives at a Reynolds number of 7.5×10; the latter results represent the first study aimed at estimating the rate derivatives for LAR wings at low Reynolds numbers. Using this model, the nonlinear equations of motion are numerically integrated and compared with the initial condition response of a linear model. These results show good agreement and indicate that the nature of the loading created by roll stall results in purely aerodynamic lateral modes which, unlike conventional aircraft, are not attributed to geometric features such as the vertical tail. When the angle of attack is held constant, a divergent Dutch roll-type mode is observed which is manifested by divergent, high amplitude perturbations in sideslip, bank angle, roll rate and yaw rate; in the presence of prescribed angle of attack oscillations at similar frequencies to the natural frequencies of the pure lateral response, the nature of the mode fundamentally changes. The interactions between the time histories of angles of attack and sideslip skews the evolution of the roll moment and causes the bank angle φ to drift away from its equilibrium value. This represents a stability mode which is specific to LAR wings, and is referred to as the roll resonance mode; the initial condition response of the linear system does not represent this behavior although a linear time variant (LTV) model in which the Lβ is updated at every time step is seen to capture the main features of the motion. The significance of these purely aerodynamic stability modes for LAR wings suggests a cause for the instabilities experienced by flying MAVs, as these modes must be accounted for when sizing passive or active stabilization features.
Safety of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Early follow-up studies of IVF children showed that the frequency of birth anomalies resembled those arising with natural conception. More detailed analyses confirmed these findings, reinforcing the concept of the preimplantation period as teratologically "safe." The use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to achieve fertilization introduced another variable.ICSI's safety has often been criticized because the fertilizing spermatozoon neither binds to the zona pellucida nor fuses with oolemma. Bypassing these physiologic steps together with the arbitrary selection of the spermatozoon has been reason for concern. Thus far, ICSI offspring undergoing adolescence and beyond has provided sufficient information to reassure these qualms. In fact, the health of the offspring generated through ICSI, once taken into consideration the gestational order, the age and the genetic makeup of the couples are generally reassuring.
Towards efficient resource provisioning in MapReduce

The paper presents a novel approach and algorithm with mathematical formula for obtaining the exact optimal number of task resources for any workload running on Hadoop MapReduce. In the era of Big Data, energy efficiency has become an important issue for the ubiquitous Hadoop MapReduce framework. However, the question of what is the optimal number of tasks required for a job to get the most efficient performance from MapReduce still has no definite answer. Our algorithm for optimal resource provisioning allows users to identify the best trade-off point between performance and energy efficiency on the runtime elbow curve fitted from sampled executions on the target cluster for subsequent behavioral replication. Our verification and comparison show that the currently well-known rules of thumb for calculating the required number of reduce tasks are inaccurate and could lead to significant waste of computing resources and energy with no further improvement in execution time. Overprovisioning could lead to significant waste of computing resources and energy.Performance gain decreases quickly beyond the best trade-off point on elbow curve.Our algorithm for optimal resource provisioning is better than any rules of thumbs.Use dynamic job profiling with table of signatures to match optimal task resources.Efficient task provisioning saves energy and resources for jobs in multi-tenancy.
On the Republication of Sidney Hook's Towards the Understanding of Karl Marx

Sidney Hook's galvanizing work Towards the Understanding of Karl Marx (TUKM) appeared at the height of the depression in 1933,1 1 Sidney Hook, Towards the Understanding of Karl Marx: A Revolutionar...
States Lack Physical Activity Policies in Child Care That Are Consistent with National Recommendations

Abstract Background: Child care facilities' policies can importantly impact health behaviors of toddlers and preschoolers. Our aim was to assess state regulations promoting physical activity (PA) in child care and compare regulations to national recommendations. Methods: We reviewed licensing and administrative regulations related to promoting PA for all states and territories for child care centers (centers) and family child care homes (homes). Three reviewers searched two sources (a publicly available website and WestlawNext™) and compared regulations with 15 Institute of Medicine recommendations. We used Pearson's and Spearman's correlations to assess associations between geographic region, year of last update, and number of regulations consistent with the recommendations. Results: The average number and range of regulations in centers and homes was 4.1 (standard deviation [SD], 1.4; range, 0–8) and 3.8 (SD, 1.5; range, 0–7), respectively. Nearly all states had regulations consistent with providing an ...
Utility of Intravascular US–Guided Portal Vein Access during Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Creation: Retrospective Comparison with Conventional Technique in 109 Patients

Abstract Purpose To compare safety and effectiveness of intravascular ultrasound (US)–guided portal vein access during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation with conventional TIPS technique. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, TIPS creation using intravascular US guidance in 55 patients was compared with conventional TIPS creation in 54 patients by 10 operators over a 3-year period. Operators were classified as experienced if they had performed ≥ 20 TIPS procedures at the beginning of the study period. Time to portal vein access, total radiation dose, and needle pass–related capsular perforation were recorded. Results Baseline demographic characteristics of patients were similar ( P > .05). Mean time to portal venous access was 46 minutes ± 37 for conventional TIPS and 31 minutes ± 19 for intravascular US–guided TIPS ( P = .007). Intravascular US guidance allowed significantly shorter times (48 min ± 30 vs 28 min ± 16; P = .01) to portal vein access among operators (n = 5) with limited experience but failed to achieve any significant time savings (44 min ± 43 vs 34 min ± 22; P = .89) among experienced operators (n = 5). Needle pass–related capsular perforation occurred in 17/54 (34%) patients with conventional TIPS and 5/55 (9%) patients with intravascular US–guided TIPS ( P = .004). Radiation dose was 2,376 mGy ± 1,816 for conventional TIPS and 1,592 mGy ± 1,263 for intravascular US–guided TIPS ( P = .004). Conclusions Intravascular US–guided portal vein access during TIPS creation is associated with shorter portal vein access times, decreased needle pass–related capsular perforations, and reduced radiation dose.
Towards Better Theory and Practice in Marketing Education: A Choice-Based, Application-Oriented Approach

The relevance of the traditional marketing curriculum as it relates to real world practice has often been challenged. This paper discusses the nature of the problem and then offers a perspective and some corresponding alternative approaches to curricula which appear useful for bridging the theory versus practice gap.
“I Get My Therapy From Work”: Wellness Recovery Action Plan Strategies That Support Employment Success

Although the Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP) has been studied in the context of recovery from mental illness, peer-led services, effectiveness, and improving self-advocacy skills of clients, the relationship between employment success and WRAP has not yet been examined. The objective of the study was to explore the impact of WRAP on employment and how individuals with psychiatric disabilities utilized WRAP strategies for employment success. Ten working-age individuals who completed WRAP training and subsequently worked for at least 90 days engaged in semi-structured interviews about their experiences with WRAP and employment. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed and three themes emerged from the study: (a) Then and Now, (b) Strategies for Wellness, and (c) Toward Employment Success. Findings showed that WRAP strategies facilitated success in employment and that employment was an important component of recovery from mental illness.
Idelalisib in Waldenström macroglobulinemia: high incidence of hepatotoxicity.

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare B-cell lymphoma characterized by the accumulation of IgM-secreting lymphoplasmacytic cells.[1] Despite therapeutic advances, WM remains incurable, and n...
The temporal aspects of the evidence-based influence maximization on social networks

The influence maximization problem selects a set of seeds to initiate an optimal cascade of decisions. This paper uses parallel cascade evidence-based diffusion modelling, which views influence as a consequence of the evidence exchange between the connected actors, to investigate the temporal aspects of the social cascade propagation and effective time horizon for long-term campaign planning. Mixed-integer programming is used to explore the optimal timing of evidence injection and the ensuing network behaviour. The paper defines the notion of mid-term and long-term cascade stability and analyses the dynamics of social cascades for varied evidence discount factor values. This exploration reveals that the time horizon setting affects the optimal placement of seeds in a given problem and, hence, has to be set in a way to reflect the decision-maker's short-term or long-term goals. A Cplex-based heuristic algorithm is developed to iteratively find such a preferable cascade stability time horizon. Moreover, a conducted fractional factorial experiment reveals that the forgetfulness effect and the presence of competition significantly affect the cascade persistence. Somewhat counter-intuitively, it is discovered that a strong positive evidence can become more persistent long-lasting in the presence of weak opposing evidence.
Parameterization of Maximum Significant Wave Heights in Coastal Regions due to Hurricanes

AbstractA method for expedient characterization of maximum nearshore wave heights due to hurricanes is described. This method, referred to as the wave response function (WRF) method, relates hurricane parameters to maximum wave heights by fitting coefficients from the modified Shore Protection Manual (SPM) forecasting method to results from numerical surge-wave models. The method was applied to numerous locations along the U.S. Gulf Coast: Corpus Christi, Texas; Gulfport, Mississippi; and Panama City, Florida. The WRF method is shown to have the most skill of all similar methods tested. Similar accuracy levels were obtained across all test sites. Data from Hurricane Ike in 2008 provided validation for the method. Although not intended for forecasting, this approach can be applied to risk analysis and extreme value statistics with significantly less computational effort than the use of numerical models.
Effects of SES on Executive Attention in Malay–English bilingual children in Singapore*

Thirty-four 4 to 6-year-old Malay–English bilinguals (both balanced and dominant) characterized as low SES on income and parental education were tested on the child-Attentional Network Task (ANT) (Rueda, Rothbart, McCandliss, Saccomanno & Posner, 2004) measuring executive attention. Although SES measures fell below the Singapore median, Malay children's performance on the child-ANT remained high when compared to other age-matched monolingual and bilingual children previously tested with the child-ANT (Yang, Yang & Lust, 2011), and Chinese–English Singaporean bilinguals (Yang, Yang & Kang, 2014). None of the three SES measures – father's and mother's education, and income – significantly correlated with child-ANT components. Regression analyses confirmed that none of the SES measures significantly predicted performance on the child-ANT. Both balanced and dominant bilinguals displayed high executive control. We consider the possibility that cultural variations, (e.g., simultaneous and pervasiveness of bilingualism in Singapore, or pervasive code-switching), may ameliorate potential negative effects of SES on executive control development.
Between the Family and Politics: Female Politicians as Media Objects in Bollywood Films:

AbstractOf late, researchers have examined the stereotyping of female politicians in entertainment media as a serious problem in several democratic societies. Despite chauvinism and stereotyping, t...
Optimized Translocator Protein Ligand for Optical Molecular Imaging and Screening

Translocator protein (TSPO) is a validated target for molecular imaging of a variety of human diseases and disorders. Given its involvement in cholesterol metabolism, TSPO expression is commonly elevated in solid tumors, including glioma, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. TSPO ligands capable of detection by optical imaging are useful molecular tracers for a variety of purposes that range from quantitative biology to drug discovery. Leveraging our prior optimization of the pyrazolopyrimidine TSPO ligand scaffold for cancer imaging, we report herein a new generation of TSPO tracers with superior binding affinity and suitability for optical imaging and screening. In total, seven candidate TSPO tracers were synthesized and vetted in this study; the most promising tracer identified (29, Kd = 0.19 nM) was the result of conjugating a high-affinity TSPO ligand to a fluorophore used routinely in biological sciences (FITC) via a functional carbon linker of optimal length. Computational modeling suggested that ...
α IIb β 3 (GPIIb/IIIa) Structure and Function

The platelet membrane protein αIIbβ3, otherwise known as glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa), is a member of the ubiquitous integrin family of transmembrane (TM) heterodimers and is absolutely required for platelet aggregation. αIIbβ3 mediates platelet aggregation when fibrinogen or von Willebrand factor (vWF) bound to active αIIbβ3 cross-links adjacent stimulated platelets into stable aggregates. αIIbβ3 heterodimers are assembled from αIIb and β3 monomers in the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutations impairing the synthesis of either subunit decrease αIIbβ3 expression, thereby causing the autosomal bleeding disorder Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Conversely, αIIbβ3-mediated platelet aggregation is responsible for the arterial thrombi that cause heart attack and stroke. αIIbβ3 is present on platelets in an equilibrium between an inactive bent conformation and an active extended conformation. To prevent spontaneous platelet aggregation, however, αIIbβ3 on circulating platelets is constrained to its inactive conformation via intramolecular interactions involving its transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. When platelets encounter a damaged blood vessel, stimulation by agonists such as thrombin and ADP causes nearly instantaneous αIIbβ3 activation by inducing talin-1 and kindlin-3 binding to the β3 cytoplasmic domain, thereby relieving the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domain restraints. αIIbβ3 binds to fibrin as well as fibrinogen. Thus, following αIIbβ3 activation, αIIbβ3 bound to fibrin transmits the retraction forces that consolidate fibrin clots, enabling them to resist the potentially disruptive shear forces present in circulating blood.
Rites of power: Symbolism, ritual and politics since the middle ages

(1988). Rites of power: Symbolism, ritual and politics since the middle ages. The Social Science Journal: Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 239-241.
Machine learning for flow cytometry data analysis

This thesis concerns the problem of automatic flow cytometry data analysis. Flow cytometry is a technique for rapid cell analysis and widely used in many biomedical and clinical laboratories. Quantitative measurements from a flow cytometer provide rich information about various physical and chemical characteristics of a large number of cells. In clinical applications, flow cytometry data is visualized on a sequence of two-dimensional scatter plots and analyzed through a manual process called "gating". This conventional analysis process requires a large amount of time and labor and is highly subjective and inefficient. In this thesis, we present novel machine learning methods for flow cytometry data analysis to address these issues. We first begin by a method for generating a high dimensional flow cytometry dataset from multiple low dimensional datasets. We present an imputation algorithm based on clustering and show that it improves upon a simple nearest neighbor based approach that often induces spurious clusters in the imputed data. This technique enables the analysis of multi-dimensional flow cytometry data beyond the fundamental measurement limits of instruments. We then present two machine learning methods for automatic gating problems. Gating is a process of identifying interesting subsets of cell populations. Pathologists make clinical decisions by inspecting the results from gating. Unfortunately, this process is performed manually in most clinical settings and poses many challenges in high-throughput analysis. The first approach is an unsupervised learning technique based on multivariate mixture models. Since measurements from a flow cytometer are often censored and truncated, standard model-fitting algorithms can cause biases and lead to poor gating results. We propose novel algorithms for fitting multivariate Gaussian mixture models to data that is truncated, censored, or truncated and censored. Our second approach is a transfer learning technique combined with the low-density separation principle. Unlike conventional unsupervised learning approaches, this method can leverage existing datasets previously gated by domain experts to automatically gate a new flow cytometry data. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can adaptively account for biological variations in multiple datasets. We demonstrate these techniques on clinical flow cytometry data and evaluate their effectiveness.
The Influence of Self-efficacy in Medical Drama Television Programming on Behaviors and Emotions that Promote Cervical Cancer Prevention.

OBJECTIVES We explored the influences of medical drama viewing on health behaviors and emotions, and examined the role of self-efficacy in medical drama programming. METHODS A single-factor, 2-condition experimental design that manipulated self-efficacy levels was adopted. A total of 131 female undergraduate students who were likely involved with the issues of HPV vaccination and cervical cancer participated in this experiment. RESULTS In line with social cognitive theory, the results indicated that participants in the high self-efficacy condition showed greater behavioral intention to receive a Pap smear (F (1, 126) = 4.38, p < .05, partial η2 = .03) and the HPV vaccine (F (1, 35) = 4.82, p < .05, partial η2 = .12) and higher levels of hope (F (1, 126) = 12.22, p < .01, partial η2 = .09) than participants in the low self-efficacy condition. In addition, hope mediated the relationship between self-efficacy condition and behavioral intention to receive a Pap smear (B = .16, SE = .08, 95% CI = [.04, .38]). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that inclusion of self-efficacy information in entertainment programming may lead to beneficial health outcomes. Medical drama programming may act as an effective outlet to affect health behaviors and emotions of the larger public, ultimately enhancing public health.
Role of Topical Oxymetazoline for Management of Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea.

Objective: To review and summarize topical oxymetazoline’s pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, cost, and place in therapy for persistent redness associated with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. Data Sources: Literature searches of MEDLINE (1975 to September 2017), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1975 to September 2017), and Cochrane Database (publications through September 2017) using the terms rosacea, persistent redness, α-agonist, and oxymetazoline. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Results were limited to studies of human subjects, English-language publications, and topical use of oxymetazoline. Relevant materials from government sources, industry, and reviews were also included. Data Synthesis: Data support the efficacy of oxymetazoline for persistent facial redness. Little study beyond clinical trials cited in the drug approval process has been conducted. Current data suggest that oxymetazoline is similar in safety and efficacy to brimonidine. Head-to-head comparisons of to...
Fluorescence microscopy for the evaluation of elastic tissue patterns within fibrous proliferations of the skin on hematoxylin-eosin-stained slides

Abstract Background Diagnosis of fibrous tumors can be challenging and expensive due to the use of special stains. Objective Determine the usefulness of fluorescence microscopy in the evaluation of elastic pattern on H&E stained slides. Methods A total of 228 slides were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy for elastic tissue patterns and sensitivity and specificity determined for relevant comparisons. Results Fluorescence microscopy was found to be useful especially in the case of distinguishing dermatofibroma (DF) vs dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) and also dermatomyofibroma (DMF) vs other fibrous tumors. Limitations In some cases, excessive background staining made it difficult to interpret. Conclusion Evaluation of elastic tissue patterns by fluorescence microscopy in fibrous tumors is a cheap and efficient means to further delineate these often challenging tumors.
Interaction Between the Contributions of Tumor Location, Tumor Grade, and Patient Age to the Survival Benefit Associated with Gross Total Resection

Background Gross total resection (GTR) in patients with glioblastoma (GB) and anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) is associated with improved survival. We examined how tumor location, tumor grade, and age affected this benefit. Methods We selected patients with lobar AA or GB in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 1999 to 2010. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models. Results We identified and studied 1429 patients with lobar AA and 12,537 patients with lobar GB in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, GTR of frontal lobe AA was associated with approximately 50% reduction in risk of death compared with subtotal resection (STR) (hazard ratio 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.36–0.73; P 8 years with GTR compared with STR. In nonfrontal AAs, there was no survival difference between GTR and STR (hazard ratio 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.58–1.08; P = 0.143). Location-specific survival benefit from GTR in AAs was significant in patients ≤50 years old but was not evident in patients >50 years old. In patients with GB, no location-dependent survival benefit with GTR was observed. Conclusions Our results demonstrate complex interaction between tumor grade, frontal lobe location, and age in their various contributions to survival benefit gained from GTR. The greatest survival benefit of GTR relative to STR was observed in patients ≤50 years old with frontal AAs.
Laser pulse bidirectional reflectance from CALIPSO mission

Abstract. This paper presents an innovative retrieval method that translates the CALIOP land surface laser pulse returns into the surface bidirectional reflectance. To better analyze the surface returns, the CALIOP receiver impulse response and the downlinked samples' distribution at 30 m vertical resolution are discussed. The saturated laser pulse magnitudes from snow and ice surfaces are recovered based on information extracted from the tail end of the surface signal. The retrieved snow surface bidirectional reflectance is compared with reflectance from both CALIOP cloud-covered regions and MODIS BRDF–albedo model parameters. In addition to the surface bidirectional reflectance, the column top-of-atmosphere bidirectional reflectances are calculated from the CALIOP lidar background data and compared with the bidirectional reflectances derived from WFC radiance measurements. The retrieved CALIOP surface bidirectional reflectance and column top-of-atmosphere bidirectional reflectance results provide unique information to complement existing MODIS standard data products and are expected to have valuable applications for modelers.
Everyday technology use among older deaf adults.

Purpose: Technology holds great potential to support Deaf individuals as they age into older adulthood. However, it is unclear to what extent Deaf seniors are using technology in everyday life or w...
Network decomposition for distributed control through community detection in input–output bipartite graphs

Abstract This paper addresses the decomposition of network systems for distributed control. We construct a novel weighted input–output bipartite graph representation of control systems, in which the input–output edge weights capture topological connectivity and short-time response sensitivities. We then introduce community detection as a network-theoretic tool to generate a decomposition with strong intra-subsystem interactions and weak inter-subsystem interactions. A modularity-based graph bisection procedure is applied recursively to determine the optimal decomposition. The proposed method is applied to a chemical process network example.
What Does Sexual Arousal Mean to You? Women With and Without Sexual Arousal Concerns Describe Their Experiences.

Sexual arousal is frequently characterized by both subjective (i.e., mental) and physiological (e.g., genital) components. The nuances of these components, however, are difficult to capture via sel...
Vegetation-Free Strip Width Affects Growth, Berry Composition, and Yield of Cabernet franc in Vigorous Growing Environments

Summary Goals: In regions such as the eastern United States, excess vine vigor can be problematic. In this region, it is common to plant a perennial grass between rows, which can compete with vines for water and nutrients. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of vegetation-free strip (VFS) width beneath the planted row on vine growth and fruit quality. The current recommendation for VFS width is 90 to 120 cm. However, modification of the VFS width can provide additional competition, limiting vine vigor. Determining the optimal width and effect of the VFS on vine size, berry composition, and yield would allow growers to optimize groundcover management in this region. Key Findings: Reducing VFS width decreased pruning weight/m cordon, shoot number/m cordon, lateral shoot number/cane, and summer fresh hedging weights. Narrowing the VFS width was most effective in the two of four years with the least rainfall. Yield/m cordon was reduced by narrowing VFS width, but not to below normal adjusted crop loads. Cluster weight, number of berries/cluster, and cluster number/m cordon were also reduced by narrowing VFS width. Berry soluble solids and total anthocyanins increased and TA decreased with decreasing VFS width, improving berry quality. Postveraison natural weed population growth in the VFS did not affect vine growth or fruit yield and composition. Impact and Significance: In the eastern United States, high rainfall and humidity promote excessive vine growth and immense pest pressure for Vitis vinifera production. Improved canopy characteristics could increase fruit quality by reducing pest pressure, by increasing soluble solids and total anthocyanin concentrations, and by improving the balance between pH and titratable acidity (TA). Increasing competition for water and nutrients during the growing season (by narrowing the VFS or allowing late-season weed competition) may be an effective way to accomplish these improvements. In this study, narrower VFS width in a tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea var. ‘Kentucky 31’) groundcover reduced vine vegetative growth and positively influenced berry composition. Vineyard weed populations that established naturally postveraison did not affect vine size, yield, or fruit quality.
Algebraic Methods for Nonlinear Systems: Parameter Identification and State Estimation

Algebraic methods are presented for solving nonlinear least-squares type problems that arise in the parameter identification of nonlinear systems. The tracking of the induction motor rotor time constant is solved in detail. Also, an approach to estimating state variables using algebraic relationships (in contrast to dynamic observers) is discussed in the context of speed estimation for induction motors.
Simplified Pressure-Density Relation

The result of section I.6 was that the series for Ψ* converges in an angular sector of the half-plane λ < 0. To extend the expansion of Ψ* beyond that domain by analytic continuation is possible but involves complicated computations. What more, the procedure employed above has the disadvantage that the computation of the functions G n is increasingly complicated as n increases, and that each G n involves the previous G m ’s up to m = n − 1. Above, we have started with the isentropic relation, based on the equation of state of a perfect gas, and developed a representation that can only be carried out in practice with a certain approximation. We may now reverse our method4. We may begin with an approximate magnitude concerning the physical function ƒ, thus replacing it by another function \({\bar f}\); this leads to a simple mathematical representation for \(\bar \Psi *\), instead of the stream-function Ψ*, which function \(\bar \Psi *\) * converges absolutely and uniformly at least in the half-plane λ < 0, i. e., in the whole subsonic region. The computation may now be relatively easy, while we may have to justify our choice of \({\bar f}\) by showing that the hypothetical gas thus described is sufficiently similar to a real physical gas. We may begin with $$ \bar f = C\,\lambda ^{ - 2} ,\,C > 0, $$ (2.1.1) instead of the function ƒ as defined and calculated in previous sections. Similarly, as in section I.6, we now obtain functions Ḡ n , such that one has: $$ \begin{gathered} \bar G'_{n + 1} \, = \,\bar G_n^{\prime \prime } \, + \,C\,\lambda ^{ - 2} \bar G_n , \hfill \\ \bar G_0 = 1,\,\,\bar G_n ( - \infty ) = \,0,\,n\, > \,0, \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ (2.1.2) whence the general formula: $$ \bar G_n = n!\,\mu _n ( - \lambda )^{ - n} . $$ (2.1.3)
What if the Local is Exotic and the Imported Mundane

No archaeologist in western North America is shocked to discover a fragment of White Improved Earthenware. Locally manufactured ceramics, however, are rare and poorly understood. Archaeometric and historical analyses reveal the true complexity of ceramic exchanges in Utah, where pottery and ceramics served key roles in the performance of social and religious identity. This chapter reviews the progress of the Utah Pottery Project, established in 1999 to map the colonization of immigrant potters into the Mormon Domain. Crocks, pots, and jars represent connections between people in space and through time, some readily mapped while the complexity of others are difficult to reduce in a Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis. Utah Pottery Project scholars work toward an integrative approach centered upon exchange where the local is exotic and the foreign is mundane.
Interpretation of Microscope Observations

Artifacts. Some of the things we see in the microscope are not a part of the original structure of the living specimen but are artifacts. An artifact is a product of man’s workmanship. Workmanship may bring to mind the craftsmanship of the Eskimo’s polar bear carved out of walrus tusk or the graceful gazelle of African ebony. Man’s workmanship also includes the embedding, sectioning, and staining of tissues for microscope observations. The effects of these manipulations often produce distortions and color changes which are not characteristic of the tissues when alive. In order to interpret what we see and to understand the structure of living tissues, we need to know what artifacts are and what makes them.
Gas-cluster ion sputtering: Effect on organic layer morphology.

Analysis of the surface of thin Irganox 1010 films before and after sputtering with an argon gas-cluster ion beam was performed with AFM and XPS to determine the effect that Zalar rotation has on the chemistry and morphology of the surface. The analysis is based on the change in roughness of the surface by comparing the same location on the surface before and after sputtering. The ion beam used was an Arn+ of size n = 1000 and energy 4 keV. The XPS analysis agreed with previous results in which the ion beam did not cause measurable accumulation of damaged material. Based on the AFM results, the Irganox 1010 surface became rougher as a result of ion sputtering, and the degree of roughening was quantified, as was the sputter rate. Furthermore, Zalar rotation during ion sputtering did not have a significant effect on surface roughening, surprisingly.
A novel enhanced recovery protocol, combining multimodal analgesia with liposomal bupivacaine and pharmacologic intervention, reduces parenteral opioid use and hospital length of stay after colectomy – A cohort study

Abstract Background The objective was to evaluate the impact of a focused enhanced recovery protocol (ERP), which included multimodal analgesia with liposomal bupivacaine and targeted pharmacologic intervention with intravenous ketoroloac and metoclopramide, on postoperative parenteral opioids use (PPO) and length of hospital stay (LOS) after elective colectomy. Methods The study was a before-after and non-randomized control trial. 109 consecutive patients undergoing elective colectomy were divided into three cohorts: group 1 (n = 39): patients from surgical team 1 implementing ERP; group 2 (n = 34): time-matched controls from team 2 not using ERP; group 3 (n = 36): historical controls from team 1 before introduction of ERP. Cases for the three groups were reviewed by gender, age, ASA class, diagnosis, right or left colectomy, laparoscopic or open technique. Results Mean overnight PPO use in mg of hydromorphone analgesic equivalents was: 1.78 in group 1, vs 5.15 in group 2 (p Conclusions A novel ERP, using long-acting local anesthesia with liposomal bupivacaine and pharmacologic intervention, proved feasible and effective in reducing PPO, ileus and LOS in elective colectomy cases.
Palladio’s Debt to Venice

Imagine the Bacino of Venice without the three Palladian churches. Without Palladio’s impact on la Serenissima it is likely we would not have many other later masterpieces which are essential to Venice’s identity, such as Madonna della Salute or Chiesa di Santa Maria della Pieta. Venice owes a debt to the architect from Vicenza because he brought a new and sophisticated classicism to the city. But what about Palladio’s debt to Venice and the Veneto?
Managing Cybersecurity at the Grassroots: Evidence from the First Nationwide Survey of Local Government Cybersecurity

This paper, based on data from the first nationwide survey of cybersecurity among local or grassroots governments in the United States, examines how these governments manage this important function...
Effectiveness of a Home‐based Head and Neck Lymphedema Management Program: A Pilot Study

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare outcomes in patients with head and neck lymphedema receiving either a home-based lymphedema treatment program or a hybrid approach including both home-based treatment and regular clinical visits. METHODS Outcomes were assessed in patients receiving head and neck lymphedema rehabilitation. Baseline measures of neck, submental, and facial edema were obtained and repeated following treatment. A home program was recommended for all patients, and those receiving hybrid care received the same recommendations as well as a visit with the lymphedema therapist for additional treatment. Their outcomes were compared using standard statistical analysis. RESULTS Fifty consecutive individuals were included, 25 in each group. Adherence to at least 50% of recommended treatment was reported in 68% of those receiving home-based treatment and 84% of those receiving hybrid care. Significant improvement was demonstrated for 66% of patients. There was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups with regard to clinically significant improvement (P = .15). Patients receiving hybrid therapy demonstrated treatment advantages regarding facial edema (P = .037). Adherence to treatment was associated with clinical improvement (P = .047). CONCLUSIONS Comparable benefits were observed regardless of whether patients had a home-based or hybrid lymphedema treatment approach. These data suggest a home-based treatment approach may be appropriate for patients unable to participate in clinical sessions. However, for patients with significant facial edema, a hybrid approach may be preferable. Adherence was associated with better outcomes. Given these findings, future investigations should consider strategies to improve adherence to optimize the outcomes lymphedema treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3b Laryngoscope, 2020.
Comparison of Early Warning Scoring Systems for Hospitalized Patients With and Without Infection at Risk for In-Hospital Mortality and Transfer to the Intensive Care Unit.

Importance Risk scores used in early warning systems exist for general inpatients and patients with suspected infection outside the intensive care unit (ICU), but their relative performance is incompletely characterized. Objective To compare the performance of tools used to determine points-based risk scores among all hospitalized patients, including those with and without suspected infection, for identifying those at risk for death and/or ICU transfer. Design, Setting, and Participants In a cohort design, a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was conducted in 21 California and 7 Illinois hospitals between 2006 and 2018 among adult inpatients outside the ICU using points-based scores from 5 commonly used tools: National Early Warning Score (NEWS), Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), Between the Flags (BTF), Quick Sequential Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). Data analysis was conducted from February 2019 to January 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures Risk model discrimination was assessed in each state for predicting in-hospital mortality and the combined outcome of ICU transfer or mortality with area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs). Stratified analyses were also conducted based on suspected infection. Results The study included 773 477 hospitalized patients in California (mean [SD] age, 65.1 [17.6] years; 416 605 women [53.9%]) and 713 786 hospitalized patients in Illinois (mean [SD] age, 61.3 [19.9] years; 384 830 women [53.9%]). The NEWS exhibited the highest discrimination for mortality (AUC, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.87-0.87 in California vs AUC, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.85-0.86 in Illinois), followed by the MEWS (AUC, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.83-0.84 in California vs AUC, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.84-0.85 in Illinois), qSOFA (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.78-0.79 in California vs AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.77-0.78 in Illinois), SIRS (AUC, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.76-0.76 in California vs AUC, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.75-0.76 in Illinois), and BTF (AUC, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.73-0.73 in California vs AUC, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.73-0.74 in Illinois). At specific decision thresholds, the NEWS outperformed the SIRS and qSOFA at all 28 hospitals either by reducing the percentage of at-risk patients who need to be screened by 5% to 20% or increasing the percentage of adverse outcomes identified by 3% to 25%. Conclusions and Relevance In all hospitalized patients evaluated in this study, including those meeting criteria for suspected infection, the NEWS appeared to display the highest discrimination. Our results suggest that, among commonly used points-based scoring systems, determining the NEWS for inpatient risk stratification could identify patients with and without infection at high risk of mortality.
Low-noise large-area organic photodiodes

In this talk, we will present organic photodiodes (OPDs) based on polymeric bulk heterojunctions with a level of performance that within the visible spectral range, rivals that of low-noise SiPDs in all metrics, except response time. Large-area OPDs on rigid and flexible substrates retain an unprecedented level of performance. Advantages of OPDs are further illustrated and quantified in a biometric monitoring application that uses ring-shaped, large-area, flexible OPDs, while maintaining low-noise SiPD-level performance. We will discuss how this remarkable performance arises from the selection of photoactive layer materials and by device-geometry optimization without charge-blocking layers.
Reasoning beyond history: examining students’ strategy use when completing a multiple text task addressing a controversial topic in education

Given prior work identifying sourcing, corroboration, and contextualization as key strategies needed to learn from multiple texts, this study examines students’ multiple text processing and written response composition under three different heuristic conditions. In particular, students were asked to engage in sourcing, corroboration, or contextualization while completing a multiple text task. Then, log data of text access, students’ notes, and written responses were analyzed across task conditions. Moreover, each sentence included in students’ written responses was linked to information in notes and in the library texts provided. Results indicate that students directed to engage in sourcing both accessed more document information and included more of such information in their notes. More generally, students’ response composition was found to be reductive in nature, with students filtering information from library texts into their notes and into the written responses that they composed; at the same time, cross-textual integration was found to be limited.
Temporary surgical ventricular assist device for treatment of acute myocardial infarction and refractory cardiogenic shock in the percutaneous device era

Acute myocardial infarction with refractory cardiogenic shock (AMI-RCS) is associated with poor outcomes. Several percutaneous mechanical circulatory support devices exist; however, limitations exist regarding long-term use. Herein, we describe our experience with the temporary surgical CentriMag VAD. We reviewed 74 patients with AMI-RCS who underwent CentriMag VAD insertion as bridge-to-decision device from 2007 to 2020. Patients were divided into groups based on introduction of the “shock team” model: Era 1 (2007–2014, n = 51) and Era 2 (2015–2020, n = 23). Era 2 had higher proportion of patients with INTERMACS Profile I. The use of percutaneous MCS as bridge to VAD and the use of minimally invasive VAD were higher in Era 2. There were fewer postoperative bleeding events in Era 2 (80% vs 61%, p = .07). Thirty-day mortality was 23% and 1-year survival was 55%, which were no differences between eras. Destinations after CentriMag VAD included myocardial recovery (39%), durable LVAD (27%), and transplantation (5%). CentriMag VAD device represents a viable bridge-to-decision device with acceptable short- and long-term outcomes for patients with AMI-RCS. Stable outcomes in a progressively sicker population may be related to changes in practice patterns as well as introduction of the “shock team” concept.