Prevalence trends and related factors of hypertension patients complicating with dyslipidemia in community of Guandong province between 2013 and 2018

Objective: To analyze the prevalence trends and related factors of hypertension patients complicating with dyslipidemia in community. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey, patients with hypertension were selected from the different communities of Guangdong province in 2013 and 2018 respectively. General clinical characteristics, including demographic information, past history, family history, and medication history, were collected. Dyslipidemia was defined as follows: at least 1 item elevation of total cholesterol (TC)≥5.2 mmol/L, triglyceride (TG) ≥1.7 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)≥3.4 mmol/L, or reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)<1.0 mmol/L. The incidence of dyslipidemia was standardized based on the 2010 China Census data, and further subgroup analysis was performed according to age (<50, 50-60, ≥60 years old) and sex (male, female). Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of dyslipidemia. Results: In 2013 and 2018, 7 866 (4 148 (52.7%) females, with the age of (62.4±13.6) years) and 11 611 (6 692 (57.6%) females, with the age of (58.2±9.3)years) patients with hypertension were enrolled for data analysis, respectively. In 2013, the total prevalence rate of dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension in the community of Guangdong province was 56.3%, among which the prevalence rates of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-Cemia, and low HDL-Cemia were 17.1. %, 21.3%, 2.3% and 24.4%, respectively. The total prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension in the community of Guangdong in 2018 was 47.3%, prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-Cemia and low HDL-Cemia was 14.1%, 20.3%, 12.0% and 19.4%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the total prevalence of dyslipidemia in male patients with hypertension in the community of Guangdong in 2013 and 2018 was 59.0% and 50.7%, respectively, among which hypercholesterolemia was 13.8% and 8.0%, and hypertriglyceridemia was 22.3%, 20.9%, high LDL-Cemia was 1.7%, 8.1%, low HDL-Cemia was 32.9%, 30.3%, respectively. In 2013 and 2018, the total prevalence of dyslipidemia in female patients with hypertension in the community of Guangdong province was 53.9% and 44.8%, among which prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 20.5% and 18.5%, hypertriglyceridemia was 20.4% and 19.8%, and high LDL-Cemia was 2.7% and 14.9%, and hypo-HDL-Cemia was 16.8% and 11.3%, respectively. Age subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients aged<50, 50-60, and ≥60 years in Guangdong community in 2013 were 60.1%, 60.6%, and 53.7%, respectively; and 46.2%, 49.3% and 46.5% in 2018, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that women (OR=0.860,95%CI 0.761-0.973,P=0.017), obese (OR=2.295,95%CI 2.007-2.624,P<0.001), diabetes (OR=1.314,95%CI 1.090-1.583,P=0.004), stroke (OR=1.894,95%CI 1.227-2.924,P=0.004) and the level of fasting blood glucose (OR=1.105,95%CI 1.066-1.146,P<0.001) were independently related with the occurrence of dyslipidemia. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension in the communities of Guangdong province is relatively high, and the prevalence differs in sex and age. Between 2013 and 2018, the total prevalence of dyslipidemia, hyper-TCemia, and hypo-HDL-Cemia in hypertensive patients shows a downward trend. The prevalence of hyper-TGemia remains unchanged, but the prevalence of high LDL-C shows an upward trend. Several factors are related to the prevalence of dislipidemia in hypertension patients in Guandong community.