cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Academic Library and the Common Read: A Multitude of Possibilities for Collaboration With Campus Programs and Departments

Abstract The continued popularity of the common read within the first year curriculum invites critical campus partnerships between the academic library and a wide variety of campus departments. These can include Honors, Student Success, Academic Affairs, and Community Engagement. This paper describes the efforts of one First Year Success Librarian to collaboratively expand campus programming related to the common read. Specifics include planning events related to the book and its themes, creating learning objects for first year students and pedagogical tools for instructors, and holding a position of leadership in the common read committee. Additional examples from existing library and information scholarship and future ideas are shared as well, with the goal of assisting a diversity of campus stakeholders on how to best support common read initiatives.
Second Primary Lung Cancers Demonstrate Similar Survival with Wedge Resection and Lobectomy

Background Patients who have undergone curative surgery for stage I lung cancer require continued surveillance owing to the risk of a second primary lung cancer developing. Early diagnosis allows for prompt intervention. However, as in primary cancers, the role of wedge vs lobar resections remains controversial. Methods The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database was examined from 2004 to 2012 and all pathologically proven stage I lung cancer patients who underwent cancer-directed surgery were selected. Cases in which a second primary lung cancer developed 6 or more months after diagnosis of the first cancer were analyzed for survival after surgical treatment. Results Second primary lung cancer was identified in 625 patients, of whom 331 (53%) were diagnosed with stage I disease; 43.8% of patients underwent surgery alone, 30.9% received radiation alone, and 21.0% received neither surgery nor radiation. Of the patients who underwent surgery, 57.7% received wedge resection and 36.5% received a lobectomy. Surgical intervention was a positive predictor of survival—both wedge resection and lobectomy exhibited improved outcomes vs no surgery—but there was no statistically significant difference between the two surgical modalities. Conclusions Wedge and lobar resections demonstrate similar survival for second primary lung cancers.
Structurally conserved binding motifs of transcriptional regulators to notch nuclear effector CSL.

This mini review discusses the protein complexes comprised of the universal Notch signaling transcription factor, CSL (CBF1/Su(H)/Lag-1), and its activating or repressing transcriptional coregulati...
Patient-informed modelling of hepatic contrast dynamics in contrast-enhanced CT imaging

Iodinated contrast agent is frequently used in computed tomography (CT) imaging to enhance organ contrast enhancement and improve diagnostic sensitivity. Despite this importance, there currently is a lack of standardization in contrast administration protocol across institutions, leading to many safety and clinical diagnostic risks. To solve this, we built three liver contrast enhancement/perfusion models: two using simple linear regression and another by combining a pre-existing pharmacokinetics mathematical model with clinical data with the eventual goal of individualizing contrast administration protocol to optimize contrast-enhanced CT imaging for each patient. These models primarily use patient attributes, such as height, weight, sex, age and contrast administration information, and bolus tracking information to make such predictions. 418 Chest/Abdomen/Pelvis CT scans were used in this study. 75% of cases were used to train these models and the rest were used to test the prediction accuracy. Pearson’s correlation coefficient test was used to find the correlations between the patient attributes and contrast enhancement in liver parenchyma. Weight, height, BMI, and lean body mass were found to be statistically significant predictors for contrast enhancement (P<0.05), with weight as the strongest predictor. Of the predictive models, we found that including bolus tracking information increases predictive accuracy (r2=0.75 v. 0.42) and that in the absence of bolus tracking information, combining clinical data with pre-existing pharmacokinetics model may provide the needed enhancement curve.
Book Review: Painted Words: Nahua Catholicism, Politics, and Memory in the Atzaqualco Pictorial Catechism, by Elizabeth Hill Boone, Louise M. Burkhart, and David Tavárez

Painted Words: Nahua Catholicism, Politics, and Memory in the Atzaqualco Pictorial Catechism , by Elizabeth Hill Boone, Louise M. Burkhart, and David Tavarez. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 2017. 400 pp., 28 color illus. and color facsimile. Paperback $69.95. Reviewed by Carlos Rivas. The
Acute Multiple Cerebral Watershed Infarctions as the Initial Presentation of COVID-19 in a Young Male Patient: A Case Report

Cerebrovascular diseases appear to be one of the most serious complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this report, we present a case of a 38-year-old male with a past medical history significant only for hypertension, who presented to the emergency department (ED) with confusion and multiple focal neurologic deficits. Brain imaging showed acute multiple cerebral watershed infarctions. Upon further investigation and laboratory workup, the hypercoagulability and vasculitis panels were found to be negative, and other differential diagnoses were ruled out. In light of a number of emerging reports of COVID-19-related ischemic stroke, our patient was also screened for the disease, and surprisingly the test came back positive. We believe this case report will highlight the importance of conducting neurological examinations in COVID-19 patients, since timely workup and prompt interventions may reduce morbidity and mortality.
Differential Gene Expression in Post-Finasteride Syndrome Patients.

Background An organic etiology underpinning post-finasteride syndrome, a constellation of persistent sexual, neuropsychiatric, and somatic symptoms reported by men exposed to 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (5ARIs), is debated. Persistent changes in neurosteroid levels or androgen receptor expression have been implicated. Aim To determine whether differences in gene expression, especially in relevant biologic pathways, exist between patients reporting post-finasteride syndrome symptoms and healthy controls. Methods This was a single center, prospective case-control study taking place between March 2013 and September 2018. Men 18 years and older being evaluated for sexual dysfunction (study) or circumcision (control) were eligible for inclusion. Twenty-six men with a history of 5ARI use reporting symptoms consistent with post-finasteride syndrome were included in the patient group. Twenty-six men consented to inclusion in the control group. Outcomes The primary outcome measure is gene expression data for genes affecting neurosteroid levels and androgen receptor activity from penile skin cells. Results Gene expression of cells from penile skin samples from twenty-six men of median age 38 years (IQR, 33-42) in the study group was compared with that from twenty-six men of median age 41 years (IQR, 35-62) in the control group (P = .13), with 1,446 genes significantly over-expressed and 2,318 genes significantly under-expressed in study patients. Androgen receptor expression was significantly higher in study patients compared to controls (9.961 vs 9.494, adjusted P value = .01). Serum levels of androgen receptor activity markers 5α-androstanediol (0.950 ng/mL [0.749-1.587] vs 0.949 [0.817-1.337], P = .34) or 3α-androstanedione (3.1 ng/mL [1.925-5.475] vs 6.7 [3.375-11.4], P = .31) revealed no significant differences. No significant differences were found between the number of trinucleotide repeats (21.5 [20-23.75], 22 [19-25], P = .94). Clinical implications In this study we present evidence of gene expression correlating with observed biologic differences in patients with post-finasteride syndrome; providers who prescribe 5ARIs should be aware and advise their patients accordingly. Strengths & limitations Strengths of this study include the evaluation of multiple proposed etiologies for post-finasteride syndrome. The study is also strengthened by the fact that not all data matched the initial hypotheses, qualifying the argument for the existence of PFS. Limitations include potential selection bias arising from more severe phenotypes seeking care; lack of gene expression data prior to 5ARI exposure; lack of non-penile tissue samples supposedly involved; and a lack of mechanistic data to imply causality. Conclusion This study is the first to consider and demonstrate gene expression differences in patients with PFS as a potential etiology of sexual dysfunction. Howell S, Song W, Pastuszak A, et al. Differential Gene Expression in Post-Finasteride Syndrome Patients. J Sex Med 2021;XX:XXX-XXX.
Evaluating Cercospora leaf blight resistance in soybean accessions using an improved categorical disease-evaluation scale

Cercospora leaf blight (CLB), caused by Cercospora kikuchii, C. cf. flagellaris, and C. cf. sigesbeckiae, is a serious disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], which is prevalent in the mid-sou...
Deagglomeration of cohesive particles by turbulence

We present a numerical study analysing the breakup of a single cohesive particle aggregate in turbulence. Solid particles with diameters smaller than the Kolmogorov length scale (. A phenomenological model of the breakup process is proposed that acts as a granular counterpart to the Taylor analogy breakup (TAB) model commonly used for droplet breakup. Such a model is useful for predicting particle breakup in coarse-grained simulation frameworks, such as Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes, where relevant spatial and temporal scales are not resolved.
Probabilistic Response of Nonlinear Buildings during Earthquakes

The response of nonlinear hysteretic multistory buildings to random strong motion earthquakes is investigated by Monte Carlo method using a hybrid computer scheme. Digitally produced artificial earthquakes are applied to several different analog models of multistory structures and the corresponding responses are studied statistically. The effects of natural period, hysteretic model, and earthquake intensity are discussed.
Introduction to Psychological Consultations for Bariatric Surgery Patients

A preoperative psychological consultation has become the standard of practice among bariatric surgery programs in the United States. During these psychological evaluations, the assessment of areas specific to bariatric surgery is essential to assist with patient preparation for surgery. In this chapter, the most common structured and semi-structured clinical assessment strategies are discussed, as well as specific assessment topics including dieting history, psychopathology, eating behaviors, substance use habits, adherence, knowledge about bariatric surgery, social support, and psychosocial stressors. Key psychometric instruments used with this population, treatment planning/decision-making patterns, and clinician preparation issues also are discussed. The use of empirical literature and sound clinical judgment to inform and justify behavioral treatment planning is critical for the appropriate treatment of bariatric surgery candidates. As this chapter emphasizes, the preoperative psychological consultation serves many purposes including enhancing behavioral preparation for surgery, educating patients about psychosocial aspects of the bariatric surgery experience, and building rapport for future clinical support as needed.
Validation of a new radiographic measurement of acetabular version: the transverse axis distance (TAD)

This study has three aims: (1) validate a new radiographic measure of acetabular version, the transverse axis distance (TAD) by showing equivalent TAD accuracy in predicting CT equatorial acetabular version when compared to a previously validated, but more cumbersome, radiographic measure, the p/a ratio; (2) establish predictive equations of CT acetabular version from TAD; (3) calculate a sensitive and specific cut point for predicting excessive CT acetabular anteversion using TAD. A 14-month retrospective review was performed of patients who had undergone a dedicated MSK CT pelvis study and who also had a technically adequate AP pelvis radiograph. Two trained observers measured the radiographic p/a ratio, TAD, and CT acetabular equatorial version for 110 hips on a PACS workstation. Mixed model analysis was used to find prediction equations, and ROC analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of p/a ratio and TAD. CT equatorial acetabular version can accurately be predicted from either p/a ratio (p < 0.001) or TAD (p < 0.001). The diagnostic accuracies of p/a ratio and TAD are comparable (p =0.46). Patients whose TAD is higher than 17 mm may have excessive acetabular anteversion. For that cutpoint, the sensitivity of TAD is 0.73, with specificity of 0.82. TAD is an accurate radiographic predictor of CT acetabular anteversion and provides an easy-to-use and intuitive point-of-care assessment of acetabular version in patients with hip pain.
Gene expression and intracellular NF-κB activation after HMGB1 and LPS stimuli in neutrophils from septic patients

Neutrophils play a major role in sepsis-induced organ dysfunction, especially in the lung. HMGB1 has emerged as a late cytokine and is implicated in the perpetuation of inflammatory stimulus and organ dysfunction development as well. There are limited data about neutrophil response patterns to HMGB1 in septic patients, and whether those patterns could be different from those following LPS exposure.
Creep loading during degradation attenuates mechanical property loss in PLGA.

While absorbable materials and medical devices primarily degrade through hydrolysis, their degradation kinetics are sensitive to environmental conditions, including temperature, pH, and mechanical loading. While there is some consistent information in the literature suggesting that strain controlled loading accelerates strength loss, there is much more limited information on the interaction between degradation and mechanical load applied under force control. Force control conditions impose a different stress state on the material and therefore, may exhibit different effects on degradation. In this study, the interaction between loading and degradation rate for an exemplary absorbable polymer, poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), was investigated. The results indicated that load during degradation results in significant polymer creep, which is associated with increased force loss, but decreased strength loss (i.e., stress based parameters such as ultimate stress). This study further identified that changes to the degradation kinetics from exposure to loading were not associated with alterations to polymer crystallinity but were associated with delayed loss of molecular weight. Overall, these results demonstrate the importance of investigating the interaction between loading and degradation and that physical changes, such as those induced by creep, rather than chemical changes offer the strongest explanation for alteration of degradation kinetics. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 700–708, 2015.
An electromagnetic forcing device

The paper describes the drawbacks of an electromagnetic forcing device, of the type commonly used to study forced vibration of structures, and presents details of a feedback control system designed to overcome them. The work described was initiated when attempting to generate sinusoidal forcing in a nonlinear beam-vibration study. Magnetic-material nonlinearities and spatial inhomogenieties in the magnetic field led to unwanted harmonics in the force the beam experienced, and feedback was used to reduce these effects. A brief description of the principles of feedback control is presented and the problems encountered in applying the concepts to the electromagnetic forcing device are discussed. Details of the system, its problems, operating characteristics and limitations are presented.
Uses of infinity

The word 'infinity' usually elicits feelings of awe, wonder, and admiration; the concept infinity has fascinated philosophers and theologians. The author shows how professional mathematicians tame this unwieldy concept, come to terms with it, and use its various aspects as their most powerful tools of the trade. The early chapters are descriptive and intuitive, full of examples that not only illustrate some infinite processes, but that are worth studying for their own sake. Many questions are raised in the beginning, partially answered in various contexts throughout the book, and finally treated with the precision necessary to give the reader an excellent grasp of the fundamental notions used in the calculus as well as in virtually all other mathematical disciplines. The text is peppered with challenging problems whose solutions appear at the end of the book.
Factoring the Lunar Problem: Geometry, Dynamics, and Algebra in the Lunar Theory from Kepler to Clairaut

As everyone knows, mathematical astronomy from Hipparchus up to but not including Kepler proceeded by the compounding of circular motions, and the apparatus could get top-heavy. Tycho Brahe, for one was bothered by geometrical complication. Here is his theory (Fig. 1.1), developed during the 1590s, for the two main inequalities in the Moon’s longitude.
“Synthesis of unnatural poly(amino acid)s and their dendritic derivatives by polymer-enhanced laccase complexes”

This talk will present and discuss an enzyme-catalyzed “green” synthesis of unnatural poly(amino acid)s and their dendronized analogues. It will be shown how DL-tyrosine could be polymerized under environmentally friendly conditions using linear-dendritic laccase complexes as initiators and water as solvent. The influence of the dendron generation in the linear-dendritic copolymers, the monomer concentration, time and temperature on the polymers yields and molecular masses will be discussed along with the structure of the poly(tyrosine) as investigated by NMR, FT-IR and MALDI-TOF. The synthesis of dendritic tyrosine monomers of different generations will also be presented. The materials formed by both polymerizations are completely water-soluble and behave either as typical poly(zwitterions) or like macro-amphiphiles, changing charge, size and shape with the medium pH and generation of the dendritic side groups. Potential biomedical applications will be outlined.
Two Ways of Discovering the Size and Shape of a Computer Program to Solve a Problem

The requirement that the user of a problemsolving paradigm prespecify the size and shape of the ultimate solution to a problem has been a bane of automated machine learning from the earliest times. This paper compares two techniques for automatically discovering the architecture of a multi-part computer program while concurrently solving the problem during a run of genetic programming. In the first technique, called evolutionary selection, the initial random population is architecturally diverse and there is a competitive selection among the various architectures during the run. In the second technique, called evolution of architecture, six new architecture-altering operations provide a way to evolve the architecture of a multi-part program in the sense of actually changing the architecture of the program dynamically during the run. The new architecture-altering operations are motivated by the naturally occurring operation of gene duplication, as described in Susumu Ohno's provocative book Evolution by Means of Gene Duplication, as well as the naturally occurring operation of gene deletion.
Disposable Youth/Damaged Democracy: Youth, Neoliberalism, and the Promise of Pedagogy in the Work of Henry Giroux:

Perhaps more extensively and provocatively than any other contemporary theorist, Henry Giroux has theorized the relationship between youth and democratic public life. Beginning arguably with his first book, Ideology, Culture, and the Process of Schooling (Temple University Press, 1981), and continuing across a number of critically acclaimed works in the 1980s and early 1990s, Giroux uncompromisingly theorized the relationship between schooling and democracy, implicitly registering the importance of youth to a vibrant, radical democracy. Giroux redefined and expanded his analytic in the early 1990s with forays into postmodern theory, critical feminism, and media and cultural studies, among many other fields. With this redefined (and to this day evolving) analytic frame came an intensified effort to explicitly theorize the category of youth and analyze the broad socio-political, cultural and economic shifts that simultaneously transformed everyday life for youth and the ‘image’ – or figure – of youth across...
Effect of crosslinking on the low-temperature behavior of polybutadiene

Abstract With increased crosslinking of amorphous polybutadiene, the effective scattering cross section between thermal phonons and localized excitations decreases abruptly by a factor of ≈4 near a crosslink density corresponding to ≈50 polymer repeat units between crosslinks. Other measured properties are changed very little. The localized excitations are those common to most amorphous materials at energies of 1 K . The results are compared with the tunnelling-states model which has been introduced to account for the localized excitations.
Role of Anopheles quadrimaculatus and Coquillettidia perturbans (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Transmission Cycle of Cache Valley Virus (Bunyaviridae: Bunyavirus) in the Midwest, U.S.A.

Midwestern populations of Coquillettidia perturbans (Walker) and Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Say) were tested for their ability to transmit Cache Valley virus (CV), a recognized human and animal pathogen. Field-collected mosquitoes were fed artificial blood meals containing 5.2-6.2 log10 pfu/ml of CV. After 9-23 d at 28 degrees C, 75-93% of blood-fed Cq. perturbans had disseminated infections and 6-62% transmitted the virus to suckling mice. However, when infected with a lower virus titer (3.3 log10 pfu/ml), only 10-36% of the mosquitoes had disseminated infections and 0-10% transmitted the virus to suckling mice. A similar infection rate (21%) was observed in Cq. perturbans fed on viremic (3.2 log10 pfu/ml) hamsters. An. quadrimaculatus were infected (81-100%) by both doses used, with transmission rates ranging from 13-67% after 16-23 d of incubation. Transmission rates for the laboratory strain An. quadrimaculatus SAVANNAH ranged from 20 to 33% after 7-14 d of incubation. Our data show that although An. quadrimaculatus is more susceptible to CV infections than Cq. perturbans, both mosquito species could be involved in the midwestern transmission cycle of the virus.
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: semantic considerations for an evolving paradigm.

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are rapidly evolving fields that are often obscured by a dense cloud of hype and commercialization potential. We find, in the literature and general commentary, that several of the associated terms are casually referenced in varying contexts that ultimately result in the blurring of the distinguishing boundaries which define them. “Tissue engineering” and “regenerative medicine” are often used interchangeably, though some experts vehemently argue that they, in fact, represent different conceptual entities. Nevertheless, contemporary scientists have a general idea of the experiments and milestones that can be classified within either or both categories. Given the groundbreaking achievements reported within the past decade and consequent watershed potential of this field, we feel that it would be useful to properly contextualize these terms semantically and historically. In this concept paper, we explore the various definitions proposed in the literature and emphasize that ambiguous terminology can lead to misplaced apprehension. We assert that the central motifs of both concepts have existed within the surgical sciences long before their appearance as terms in the scientific literature.
The Efficiency Bound of the Mixed Proportional Hazard Model

The semiparametric efficiency bound of the mixed proportional hazard model is derived. The density of the model factors in such a way that there exists a complete sufficient statistic for the individual heterogeneity. The efficient score is shown to be the difference between the score in the parametric direction and its conditional expectation given the sufficient statistic. Applying this result to the single-spell Weibull mixed proportional hazard model, it is shown that its information matrix is singular and there cannot exist any '/ -consistent estimator sequence. The information of the multi-spell Weibull mixed proportional hazard model is shown to be nonsingular in general.
Piezoelectric tubes and tubular composites for actuator and sensor applications

Piezoelectric actuators and sensors made with a tubular structure can provide a great agility of effective response in the radial direction. For a radially poled piezoelectric tube, the effective piezoelectric constant in that direction can be tuned to be positive, zero or negative by varying the ratio of the outer radius (Ro) to the inner radius (ro) of the tube. For a suitable ratio of Ro/ro, this effective constant can also be changed in sign or set to zero by adjusting the d.c. bias field level for tubes made of electrostrictive materials. Therefore, one can make a piezoelectric transducer with all the effective piezoelectric tensile constants having the same sign. End-capped thin-walled tubes also exhibit an exceptionally high hydrostatic response, and the small size of the tubular structure makes it very suitable for integration into a 1–3 composite which possesses low acoustic impedance and high hydrostatic response.
Fakability of a commercially produced pre-employment integrity test

Three groups of male inmates were given the PSC Survey ADT, a commercially available integrity test, under differing instructional conditions. Subjects told to fake good were able to provide more favorable test profiles than those who were told to respond truthfully or who were given no specific response set to follow. However, no differences were observed among groups on the Drinking and Drugs subscale. Using only recommended cut scores as criteria, subjects in the fake good condition would have been hired in greater numbers than subjects in the other two conditions. Practical implications of this study include the use of social desirability scales along with integrity tests, and the avoidance of inducing inappropriate response sets by strictly adhering to test instructions.
Overcoming the challenges of secure mobile applications for network-centric, data-sensitive applications

Gaining the competitive advantage in today's aggressive environment requires our corporate leaders and Warfighters alike to be armed with up-to-date knowledge related to friendly and opposing forces. This knowledge has to be delivered in real-time between the core enterprise and tactical/mobile units at the edge. The type and sensitivity of data delivered will vary depending on users, threat level and current rules of dissemination. This paper will describe the mobile security management that basis access rights on positive identification of user, authenticating the user and the edge device. Next, Access Management is granted on a fine grain basis where each data element is tagged with meta-data that is crypto-bound to the data itself to ensure authenticity of contents and observance of data sensitivity.
On monotone paracompactness

Abstract Gartside and Moody proved that a space is protometrizable if and only if it has a monotone star-refinement operator on open covers. They called this property monotone paracompactness but noted that it might be better termed monotone full-normality, and posed the problem of characterizing spaces with a monotone locally-finite operator on open covers. Stares studied related monotone properties but left the above problem open. We introduce Notherianly locally-finite bases, show that protometrizable spaces have such bases, and that spaces with such bases have a monotone locally-finite operator and are monotonically normal. An example of a non-protometrizable LOTS due to Fuller is shown to have a Notherianly locally-finite base. The product L ( ω 1 ) × ( ω + 1 ) though not hereditarily normal, has a monotone locally-finite operator, while M × ( ω + 1 ) (where M is the Michael line) does not.
Improvement of chronic neurotic excoriations with oral doxepin therapy

: Two patients with 6- to 7-year histories of neurotic excoriations refractory to the usual dermatologic management were referred for evaluation. Both had symptoms and signs of depression associated with the onset and persistence of the skin condition. Doxepin, a tricyclic antidepressant therapy with potent antihistamine properties, was used in oral doses of 30–75 mg daily for our patients. This therapy resulted in symptomatic and clinical improvement in both patients within several weeks. This limited report of apparent benefit of doxepin in two patients with neurotic excoriations and depression offers a potential therapy in the management of this challenging clinical problem.
Industrial Work and Political Participation: Beyond Simple Spillover

We suggest that the "simple political spillover" hypothesis—that participation in decision making at work increases the probability of participating in poli tics outside the workplace—ought to be r...
The use of free flap for limb salvage in children with tumors of the extremities

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term functional outcomes in pediatric oncology patients who underwent limb salvage using free flaps. Methods All 22 pediatric oncology patients treated with a free flap for extremity salvage were included in the study from 1999 to 2008. Results The median patient age was 13.5 years. All but one patient had sarcoma, which involved lower extremity in 45% and upper extremity in 55%. The median bone defect length was 13.9 cm: reconstructed with vascularized free fibula in 68% (in 23% osseous allograft was also used) and used fibula growth plate transfer in 23%. The mean soft tissue defect area was 108 cm 2 : reconstructed with latissimus dorsi flap in 4 patients, vertical rectus abdominus muscle flap in 2, and anterolateral thigh flap in 1. The majority of the complications were nonunion (14%) and wound infection/dehiscence (14%). The median Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 70. Patients with tumors in the upper extremity had significantly higher Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores compared with lower extremity tumor patients (80 vs 50, P = .04); and among those with lower extremity tumors, patients with distal defects had better outcomes than patients with proximal defects (70 vs 40, P = .03). Conclusion In pediatric oncology patients who need limb salvage, use of free flaps can result in good long-term functional outcomes.
Design case: building community in a design effort in a decentralized, individualistic setting

WebFeat is a web development effort by about 40 students, facuhy, and staff in the College of Engineering at the University of Washington. The University is a decettimlized organization with diverse goals and constituencies; fhe culture emphasizes indhridual autonomy, individual initiative, and individual responsibility. In this design environmcnc the challenges of buildhtg community among the members of the design team are substantial. We devised a suite of numerous tools and processes designed to foster a sense of community and participation in the cument development process, as well as to lay the groundwork for participatory maintenance of the site in the future. Developers in other similar organizations may find this suite usefil.
Range of employee voice

Voice, recently defined as employees' response to job dissatisfaction, is redefined to encompass a wide range of symbolic communicative behaviors. Variations of employee voice are described in light of the concern for corporate conformity. Voice in the workplace is explained as rooted in moral, political-economic, and psychological grounds. The model presented positions voice on active/passive and constructive/destructive axes. Voice in its various types is described as necessarily instrumental to the ongoing constructing and restructuring process of organizing. This essay concludes with a discussion of the several ways voice is legitimized.
Expression cloning of noggin, a new dorsalizing factor localized to the Spemann organizer in Xenopus embryos

Abstract We have cloned a cDNA encoding a novel polypeptide capable of inducing dorsal development in Xenopus embryos. RNA transcripts from this clone rescue normal development when injected into ventralized embryos and result in excessive head development at high doses. Therefore, we have named the cDNA noggin. noggin cDNA contains a single reading frame encoding a 26 kd protein with a hydrophobic aminoterminal sequence, suggesting that it is secreted. In Northern blot analysis this cDNA hybridizes to two mRNAs that are expressed both maternally and zygotically. Although noggin transcript is not localized in the oocyte and cleavage stage embryo, zygotic transcripts are initially restricted to the presumptive dorsal mesoderm and reach their highest levels at the gastrula stage in the dorsal lip of the blastopore (Spemann organizer). In the neurula, noggin is transcribed in the notochord and prechordal mesoderm. The activity of exogenous noggin RNA in embryonic axis induction and the localized expression of endogenous noggin transcripts suggest that noggin plays a role in normal dorsal development.
Creating multiple-quantum coherences in solids

The observation that multiple-quantum (MQ) coherence size will saturate in a finite network of strongly coupled nuclear dipoles has proved useful in characterizing such materials as semiconductors, catalysts, and polymers. However, even when the size of the coherence does not reach a plateau, the dynamics of MQ growth can provide insight about the distribution and motion of such nuclei as 1H and 19F in solids. This article builds a relatively simple physical picture of MQ-NMR in terms of the angular momentum operators and eigenstates of individual nuclear spins. The predictive power of this framework is examined for interpreting the behavior of large numbers of dipole-coupled nuclei. Some nuts-and-bolts aspects of implementing MQ spectroscopy in the laboratory also are discussed.
Simple and efficient synthetic routes to d-cycloserine

Abstract d -Cycloserine has been successfully synthesized in good yields through three new synthetic routes from a readily available d -serine. In each synthesis, cyclization served as the key step, and two of the routes employed one-pot operations for the preparation of the target product. These methods featured the use of mild reaction conditions and simple treatments.
Indirect long-range oscillatory interaction between adsorbed atoms

Abstract The oscillatory part of the indirect interaction between two adatoms on a metal surface, separated by a large distance R, is examined for the jellium as well as for the tight-binding model. The asymptotic form of the interaction is derived from the singularity of its Fourier transform at wave number q = 2kF. For a substrate with a spherical Fermi surface, the interaction energy is proportional to cos (2k F R) R 5 . The fall-off is faster than the corresponding oscillatory interaction between two impurities in the bulk, which varies as cos (2k F R) R 3 . For substrates with a partially filled surface band, the interaction energy falls off much more slowly. Under simple assumptions, the interaction behaves as cos (2k F R) R 2 . Comparisons are made with the numerical calculations by Einstein and Schrieffer. The experimental results of Tsong on Re atoms adsorbed on W using field-ion microscopy is also discussed.
Reduction in Caregiver-Identified Problem Behaviors in Patients With Alzheimer Disease Post-Hearing-Aid Fitting

Studies and clinical procedures related to patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) largely have ignored the hearing ability of either the patient or caregiver. Yet the majority of treatment and invest...
Irradiation into transparent solids and the thermal trap effect

Abstract The equations controlling the temperature field of a transparent solid are derived and solved for the general case in which the solid is irradiated by a planckian, or a modified planckian source, and the solid absorbs monochromatic radiation according to Beer's law. A simplified model for glass is proposed, and the resulting equations are solved for the temperature field and plotted for three thicknesses of glass. The graphs illustrate the thermal trap effect that occurs in transparent solids.
Effects of size-dependent relative fecundity specifications in fishery stock assessments

a b s t r a c t A comprehensive understanding of reproductive biology is fundamental to the accurate assessment of a given stock's spawning potential relative to the unfished level. Such an understanding is particularly important given the growing recognition of size, age or weight dependent relative fecundity (Фrel, eggs per kg of female weight), or other maternal effects that may demonstrate a relatively greater contribu- tion of specific demographic components of a population toward reproduction. However, size-specific data on Фrel, or other data on maternal effects on reproductive output, are not always available for many stock assessments because intensive efforts are required to collect such data. In the absence of data, the assumption of no size-specific Фrel relationship is typically made, which can lead to bias in esti- mating stock status and related management parameters. We examined effects of misspecifications of size-specific Фrel functions on estimated stock assessment parameters and related management quan- tities using two stocks as case studies and three sets of simulation models, chosen to represent wide ranges of life and fishing histories. The results showed that misspecification effects were relatively small when stocks were less depleted (e.g. 75% of virgin spawning output), but could lead to more substantive misspecifications in more depleted stocks with slower growth and lower mortality rates. For example, we found that stock was estimated to be as much as 20% less depleted if a strong size-specific Фrel exists in a population, but no size-specific Фrel is used in the model. This represents a non-trivial shift in the perception of status for most stocks. The results also showed that overestimating the strength of the size-specific Фrel function in stock assessment models led to smaller estimation errors in assessment outputs compared to underestimating the size-specific Фrel. The results are insightful with respect to the importance of gathering data on size-dependent Фrel and other aspects of reproductive ecology, as well as with respect to the nature of assumptions that are made with regards to reproductive ecology in data limited situations. Published by Elsevier B.V.
A mathematical model of the dynamic heat transfer from the respiratory tract of a chicken

A mathematical model of the dynamic (periodic) heat exchange from the respiratory tract of a chicken is postulated and solved analytically. The model expresses the periodic respiratory heat loss as a function of respiration rate, respiratory air velocity, ambient temperature and humidity ratio, and body (trachea) temperature. It is unique in that previous models have been formulated for steady state heat transfer. The processes of sensible and latent heat exchange are considered as uncoupled processes.
Ipsapirone and 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)-piperazine increase rat locus coeruleus noradrenergic activity.

Abstract The effects of systemically administered ipsapirone, an aryl-piperazine compound, and its major metabolite 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)-piperazine (1-PP), on locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic activity was investigated. On an equimolar basis both ipsapirone and 1-PP were approximately equipotent in increasing LC neuronal activity. However, pretreatment with 1-PP caused a significantly greater parallel shift to the right of the dose response curve for the inhibitory action of the LC alpha 2 -receptor agonist clonidine compared to ipsapirone. Biochemically, pretreatment with SKF 525A, a compound which prevents the formation of 1-PP from ipsapirone, diminished the ipsapirone-induced increase in MOPEG-SO 4 levels in the brainstem and cortex. These data, together with the findings that 1-PP is more potent than ipsapirone in displacing 3 H-clonidine from cerebral cortical membranes, suggest that the parent drug influences LC neuronal activity via the action of 1-PP on LC α 2 -adrenoceptors.
COLR-Tree: Communication-Efficient Spatio-Temporal Indexing for a Sensor Data Web Portal

We present COLR-Tree, an abstraction layer designed to support efficient spatio-temporal queries on live data gathered from a large collection of sensors. We use COLR-Tree in a publicly-available sensor web portal to separate the concerns of sensor data management from the web portal application. COLR-Tree uses two techniques to optimize end-to-end latencies of users' queries by minimizing expensive data collection from sensors. First, it uses a novel technique to effectively cache aggregate results computed over sensor data with different expiry times. Second, it incorporates an efficient one-pass sampling algorithm with its range lookup to utilize cached data and compensate for occasional unavailability of sensors. We evaluate our implementation of COLR-Tree on SQL Server 2005 with a real, large workload from Windows Live Local. Our experiments demonstrate that COLR-Tree significantly improves both the end-to-end query performance and the number of sensors accessed compared to existing techniques.
The influence of tank size and impeller geometry on turbulent flocculation: II. Model

ABSTRACT A population balance model has been developed to simulate the dynamics of particle agglomeration and breakup during flocculation in turbulent flow. The model was used to simulate flocculation in three square tanks of 5-, 28-, and 560-L volume with Rushton turbines and A310 fluid foil impellers. The average power per unit volume, Gm, was set at 40 s−1 for all tank/impeller configurations. The numerical results show that the model predicts the shift in the cumulative particle-size distribution to a smaller particle-size range with increasing tank size, regardless of impeller type. The model also predicts the shift in the cumulative particle size distribution to a smaller particle-size range moving from the A310 fluid foil impeller to the Rushton turbine. Model sensitivity to tank size and impeller geometry was accomplished by incorporating the turbulence intensity in the impeller discharge zone in the breakup part of the population balance model. Key words: tank size; impeller geometry; turbulent f...
Lattice Dynamics of Cubic SiC

The phonon-dispersion curves in the various symmetry directions for cubic SiC have been obtained using a rigid-ion model consisting of short-range central and noncentral interactions and long-range Coulomb interactions among ions of appropriate effective ionic charge. The calculated dispersion in the [111] direction compares well with a recent experimental determination by Feldman et al., who studied the Raman spectra of the various polytypes of SiC. The phonon density of states and the Debye characteristic temperature of SiC have also been calculated.
Intelligent geographic information systems and integrated pest management.

Abstract Research in integrated pest management (IPM) has resulted in the development of an immense knowledge base that requires computer-aided methodologies for integration, interpretation and delivery. Examined in this paper are four issues of concern to decision-making and problem-solving for IPM. First, the IPM enterprise is examined in the context of contemporary landscape ecology principles. The functional unit for IPM is defined to be the ecotope (a term intended to embody concepts of ecosystem functionality in the context of topographical dimension). A landscape consists of a mosaic of interacting ecotopes. The scope of IPM extends beyond forest and farm management and includes issues associated with environmental management. Second, the utility of geographic information systems (GISs) for IPM is considered. GISs add a new dimension to IPM in that they provide a mechanism for dealing with site-specific and spatially referenced data. The addition of methodologies from artificial intelligence expert systems, in particular, permits integration of qualitative knowledge of human experts with quantitative information that is the product of research. The resulting software system is termed an intelligent geographic information system, IGIS. This system allows for automated interpretation within and among landscape data themes. The product is an interpretative map or a tabular report. Third, utility of the IGIS approach is illustrated by an example involving habitat delineation for an endangered species, the Houston toad. In this example a simple rulebase is developed that defines habitat locations that would be suitable for the toad. Fourth, a concept and method for integrating the different types of knowledge available for IPM (published research results and reports, spatial and tabular databases, simulation models, and observations and experiences of human experts) is described. This software system, the knowledge system environment, retains the unique features of an IGIS but is more useful in that it employs the full measure of knowledge available from IPM. With new technology from computer science and concepts from information engineering, it has been possible to formulate a new conceptual model of IPM that incorporates both the information systems needed as well as the activities required for implementation of IPM.
Properties of Optimal-Weighted Flowtime Policies with a Makespan Constraint and Set-up Times

We characterize optimal policies for the problem of allocating a single server to a set of jobs fromN families. Each job is an instance of demand for an item and is associated with a family, a holding cost rate, and a mean processing time. Set-up times are required to switch from one family to another, but are not required to switch within a family. We consider the case in which the order of jobs within the family is unconstrained, and a variation in which the order is fixed. The optimization is with respect to the weighted flowtime, and we treat problems both with and without a makespan-constraint. Practical examples based on this model are described. We partially characterize an optimal policy by means of a Gittins rewardrate index and a similar switching index derived from multi-armed bandit theory. For deterministic problems with a makespan constraint, we present an optimization algorithm for the special case of two families and at most three set-ups . Without a makespan constraint and without preemption, we prove that our analysis of a deterministic model extends to stochastic set-up and processing times without loss of optimality. Managerial insights based on our technical results are provided.