cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Do As I Do: Exercise Habits of Physical Therapists, Physical Therapist Assistants, and Student Physical Therapists

Background Physical therapy practitioners are among the many health care professionals who can counsel their patients to address the public health care concern of physical inactivity. Health care providers who are physically active themselves are more likely to counsel patients on the benefits of activity. Objective The purposes of this study were: (1) to examine the leisure-time physical activity habits of physical therapists, physical therapist assistants, and student physical therapists in the United States using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American College of Sports Medicine (CDC-ACSM) recommendations and (2) to compare these habits with those of the general population and other health care professionals. Design A cross-sectional survey design was used. Methods There were 2 data sources. A random sample of American Physical Therapy Association members completed an online survey that included questions about physical activity habits worded in same manner as the leisure-time activities section of the 2005 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The final study sample comprised 1,238 participants: 923 physical therapists, 210 student physical therapists, and 105 physical therapist assistants. The 2005 NHIS public use data files were the source for the same information about the general US population and for a subset of health care professionals. Rates of participation in vigorous and moderate physical activity were analyzed. Results Physical therapists, physical therapist assistants, and student physical therapists exercised at higher rates than adults and health-diagnosing professionals in the 2005 NHIS. Limitations The study may be limited by sampling and response bias. Conclusions This study identified that physical therapists, physical therapist assistants, and student physical therapists are meeting CDC-ACSM physical activity guidelines at higher rates than the US adult population and health-diagnosing professionals. These rates exceed the physical activity targets set for adults in Healthy People 2010.
Prediction of knock occurrence in a spark-ignition engine

It is generally accepted that knock in a spark-ignition engine is caused by end-gas autoignition. Hu and Keck have recently developed a reduced kinetic model which simulates the kinetic processes involved in autoignition of hydrocarbon-air mixtures. The model was used successfully to correlate measurements of explosion limits in a constant volume bomb and ignition delay times in rapid compression machines. In this paper, the ability of Hu and Keck's model to predict the onset of knock in a spark-ignition engine is evaluated Experimental data from a large number of individual cycles were generated from a single-cylinder engine over a range of operating conditions where knock occurred. The unburned gas temperature used in the kinetic model was calculated from the measured cylinder pressure data assuming that knock originates in that part of the end-gas region which is compressed adiabatically. The model indicates that autoignition under knocking conditions is a two stage process. The model predictions of when knock occurs generally match well with measured knock angle on a cycle-by-cycle basis for a range of fuel (isooctane, primary reference, and indolene) and engine operating conditions. Agreement is least satisfactory when knock occurs close to the end of the burning process when the end-gas mass fraction is small and its temperature is not known precisely.
Cyanide‐Bridged [CoII2MII] and [CoII2MII2] Complexes Based on the [CoII(triphos)(CN)2] Building Block: Syntheses, Structures, Magnetic Properties, and Density Functional Theoretical Studies

Two families of cationic cyanide-bridged complexes, namely, {[Co(triphos)(CN)(2)](2)[M(MeOH)(4)]}(ClO(4))(2) ([Co(2)M] M=Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni; triphos=1,1,1-tris((diphenylphosphino)methyl)ethane) and {[Co(triphos)(CN)(2)](2)[M(MeOH)(4)](2)}(ClO(4))(4) ([Co(2)M(2)] M=Mn and Ni) have been prepared from reactions of [Co(II)(triphos)(CN)(2)] and M(ClO(4))(2).6H(2)O (M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) in methanol. The trinuclear complexes [Co(2)Mn], [Co(2)Fe], and [Co(2)Co], as well as both new tetranuclear complexes [Co(2)Mn(2)] and [Co(2)Ni(2)], exhibit antiferromagnetic coupling between metal centers. In contrast, the [Co(2)Ni] is characterized by ferromagnetic interactions between the Co(II) and Ni(II) centers. The magnetic behavior for these complexes was investigated by DFT calculations and was found to derive from overlap patterns of the different magnetic orbitals as influenced by the angles of the cyanide bridges.
The Gendered Realities of Managerialism in Education An Essay Review of Kathleen Lynch, Bernie Grummell, and Dympna Devine’s, New Managerialism in Education: Commercialization, Carelessness, and Gender (New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. ISBN 978-0-230-27511-9)

Over the years that I have been writing the Reviewing Policy section of this journal, I have paid particular attention to critical conceptual and empirical work that either overtly supports or directly challenges the taken-for-granted assumptions that tend to guide dominant policies in education. These policies may deal with larger issues involving the relations among education, politics, and the economy or those surrounding the more “on the ground” realities of curricula, teaching, and evaluation. One of my key concerns has been the complex ways in which differential power works on and through education. In examining these issues, I have at times turned to books that, while they are not based on material from the United States, still have important things to say to researchers in the United States. The book I shall discuss in this essay provides another example of why this is important. It is written from an Irish context. But it raises more general and quite substantive questions about the ways in which...
A parallel unification coprocessor

A parallel unification coprocessor partitioning unification into a match step and a consistency check step and conducting these two steps concurrently in a pipeline fashion is presented. The machine's architecture, algorithm, and processors are described. The machine is simulated at the register transfer level, and the simulation results as well as performance comparisons with two serial unification coprocessors are presented. The parallel unification coprocessor with only two MPs (match processors) was shown to be significantly faster than the two serial coprocessors for compound terms of arities higher than two. The study of the unification of long terms indicated that the coprocessor reaches its peak performance with 3 MPs in most cases. This seems to confirm that the cost of the fourth MP is not justified, and therefore it seems that only three MPs will be needed in the future. >
Unresolved Issues in Modeling Credit-Risky Assets

Many unresolved issues in the modeling and calibration of credit-risky instruments directly affect pricing and risk management, from the modeling of the determinants of recovery rates, credit spreads, contagion, and default dependence, to the testing of models. This compendium describes the current state of understanding in these different areas and identifies various unresolved issues.
Small round cell tumors of bone.

Abstract Context.—Primary small round cell tumors of the bone are a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms presenting predominantly in children and adolescents. They include Ewing sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor or Ewing family tumors, lymphoma, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, and small cell osteosarcoma. Even though they share many morphological similarities, their unique biological and genetic characteristics have provided substantial insights into the pathology of these diverse neoplasms. Objective.—To provide an overview of the clinical, radiologic, pathologic, and genetic characteristics of these tumors along with a pertinent review of the literature. Data Sources.—A literature search using PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE was performed, and data were obtained from various articles pertaining to clinicopathologic, biological, and genetic findings in these tumors. Additionally, findings from rare cases have been included from author's subspecialty experience. Conclusion.—The diagnosis of small round c...
Sobralia Rhizophorae: A New Species of Orchidaceae from the Mangroves in Northwestern Ecuador

Abstract. Sobralia rhizophorae, from the mangroves of Reserva Ecologica Manglares Cayapas-Mataje (REMACAM) in northwestern Ecuador, is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by stems with a terminal, cone-like inflorescence bearing white flowers, produced singly in succession, and the obovate labellum with five parallel longitudinal keels, a yellowish-brown spot within, and a heavily undulate margin at the distal third.
Stainless Steels With Improved Oxidation Resistance for Recuperators

New materials are being evaluated to replace type 347 stainless steel in microturbine recuperators operating at higher temperatures in order to increase the efficiency of the microturbine. Commercial alloys 120 and 625 are being tested along with potentially lower cost substitutes such as Fe-20Cr-25Ni and Fe-20Cr-20Ni. Long-term testing of these materials at 650°–700°C shows excellent corrosion resistance to a simulated exhaust gas environment. Testing at 800°C has been used to further differentiate the performance of the various materials. The depletion of Cr from foils of these materials is being used to evaluate the rate of attack. While those alloys with the highest Ni and Cr contents have longer lives in this environment, lower alloyed steels may have sufficient protection at a lower cost.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Outsourcing: A View from Those Doing the Work

This paper views outsourcing from the perspective of the provider of Information Technology services. In particular, it focuses at the organizational level on the outsourcing provider and at the individual level at the workers who are subcontracted to do the outsourcing work. Using cases from two separate organizations, it highlights and critical issues and summarizes major activities from the standpoint of those doing the work.
Understanding "diastolic heart failure": the tip of the iceberg.

Heart failure (HF) is a growing epidemic and is now the most common primary diagnosis of all hospitalized patients in the U.S. Thus, the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with HF have substantial implications for health care from both the clinical and resource standpoint. When a
La cuentística erótica de Jaramillo Levi a través de sus máquinas deseantes

Se estudia la narrativa de Jaramillo Levi centrada en la relacion entre el erotismo y la muerte, desde el intercambio de dos fuerzas que actuan en la produccion del deseo: una, de naturaleza libidinosa e inconsciente, la otra de filiacion social. Estos relatos exploran el vinculo entre las pulsiones se xuales y el instinto de la muerte revelando el exceso y la violencia ocultos en el erotismo; ademas, plasman la magnitud del deseo que al exceder los limites del cuerpo y del individuo deviene una experiencia de la sexualidad inhumana reafirmada solo por un campo saturado de intensidades y vibra ciones. Partiendo de la teoria lacaniana del deseo, y de conceptos de Deleuze y Guattari, en los relatos tal encuentro de fuerzas objetiviza el sujeto y cuestiona la nocion antropomorfica de sexualidad. This study deals with Jaramillo Levi’s short stories centered on the relationship between eroticism and death, examining the exchange of two driving forces which create desire. The nature of one of these forces is unconscious and libidinous while the other is social. These stories explore the link between sexual drive and the death instinct, disclosing overindulgence and violence hidden behind eroticism. In addition, they depict the magnitude of desire, which upon exceeding the boundaries of the human body and the individual, becomes an experience of inhuman sexuality that can reaffirm itself only in a field permeated with intensity and vibrations. Considering Lacan’s theory of desire and other concepts from Deleuze and Guattari, the exchange of forces in these stories objectifies the subject and questions the anthropomorphic notion of sexuality.
Galvanomagnetic Effects in n -Type Germanium

The galvanomagnetic coefficients of $n$-type Ge have been calculated theoretically and compared with previously published experimental data. Calculations have been made for material containing from ${10}^{11}$ to ${10}^{18}$ impurity centers per ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$, and comparisons were made with samples having free-carrier concentrations from 5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{13}$ to 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{17}$ per ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$. The calculations were made primarily at 77 and 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, but also as functions of temperature. A solution of the Boltzmann transport equation with a collision time which was anisotropic, energy-dependent, and which depended on the impurity content was used. In the expressions Herring and Vogt's equations were used for the acoustic lattice scattering, the Brooks-Herring equation modified by Ham's calculation of the anisotropy was used for the ionized impurity scattering, and the Erginsoy formula for neutral impurity scattering was used to account for the energy-independent scattering. It is shown that even though a constant mean collision time can be used to qualitatively predict the dependence of the coefficients on the magnetic field, the quantitative agreement with experiment is considerably improved when a more realistic form of the collision time is used for the calculations. Scattering functions which take the temperature dependence of the scattering and the presence of ionized impurities into account enable quantitative predictions of the behavior of the galvanomagnetic coefficients to be made quite successfully.
Tuning the Stability of Surface Intermediates Using Adsorbed Oxygen: Acetate on Au(111)

Selective oxidative reactions promoted by gold depend critically on controlling the coverage and stability of adsorbed intermediates, as well as promoting specific bond activations of those intermediates. We demonstrate that acetate, a common intermediate in the oxidation of olefins, aldehydes, and alcohols, is destabilized by 7-10 kcal/mol by coadsorbed oxygen relative to its stability on the clean gold surface. The amount of destabilization depends on the oxygen coverage. Peak temperatures of products indicative of oxygen-assisted and clean-surface bond activation differ by up to 130 K. Experiments with d3-acetate show a kinetic isotope effect of 6.9 at 400 K, indicating that the rate-limiting step of the low temperature oxygen-assisted reaction is γ-CH bond breaking. This clearly demonstrates that coadsorbed oxygen activates γ-CH bonds on gold and suggests that an oxygen-assisted activation may also occur for β-CH bonds crucial in oxygen-assisted alcohol coupling on metallic gold catalysts, as predicted by theory.
Control of VaR of Rebar in Inventory Financing

Aiming at the price risk of inventory financing in steel market,the prices of rebar were selected as the sample data to calculate the risk rate and efficiency loss rate based on empirical values. The results calculated using the empirical values were compared with that using the historical simulation method based on the values at risk( VaR),and it was found that the length of sample period affected the performance of calculation result of historical simulation method. The historical simulation method was suitable for inventory financing in short term. The back testing of the calculation results shows that pledge rate determined by VaR is more effective on the control over the price risk.
Analysis of characteristics of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) outbreak in Shenyang

Objective To describe epidemiological characteristics of outbreak of influenza A(H1N1) in Shenyang in 2009,and master epidemic pattern,and evaluate control measure,and provide evidence for taking more effective measure of control.Methods Data of outbreak of influenza A(H1N1) in the whole city was collected and analyzed by school level.Results Outbreak of influenza A in Shenyang in 2009 mostly occurred in primary and middle schools,and college.Most cases appeared during September and October.The epidemic started from college and spread to middle schools gradually and to primary schools finally.There were 4 cases in colleges(2.685%),63 cases in middle schools(42.28%),and 82 cases in primary schools(55.03%);with significant differences in prevalence among colleges,middle schools and primary schools(χ2= 2 257.243,P≤0.000).The epidemic in urban city appeared earlier than that in suburb,and the epidemic in suburb emerged earlier than that in rural area.There were 110 episodes(73.83%) in urban area,28 episodes(18.79%) in suburb area,and 11 episodes(episodes) in rural area.There was significant differences in attack rate among various areas(χ2=2 300.572,P≤ 0.000).The antibody level of influenza A(H1N1) in school age-group was higher than that in other age groups with significant differences(χ2=22.435,P≤0.000).Vaccination and medical isolation at home were effective methods to control the epidemic.Conclusions The outbreak of influenza A in Shenyang originates from schools and then spreads to community.Controlling the outbreak in schools would be the key to control the outbreak in community.
An Analysis of Some Distinctive Words of the Tuhua in South Hunan

This article describes and analyzes few distinctive kinsfolk titles of the Tuhua in southern Hunan:女多公(grandfather)?女多婆(grandmother)?外家(wife's home)?每(refers to female relatives of mother's generation)?崽(son)?息(greatgrandson),compares them with their neighbouring dialects and draws a tentative conclusion:Lexicon of Tuhua in Southern Hu'nan has it's own origin,At the same time,it has been deeply influenced by its neigbouring dialects.
Conclusions and considerations

Life is what happens to you while you’re busy making other plans. “Beautiful Boy”, John Lennon Introduction Service-dominant (S-D) logic is a work in progress. With the assistance of academics and practitioners we will continue to refine and develop it to create a stronger, more cohesive research tradition grounded on a core set of axioms. From the outset, we have positioned S-D logic as an evolutionary pathway moving toward a dramatically different perspective and explanation of business. The basic, underlying idea that all humans apply their competences (knowledge and skills) to benefit others and reciprocally benefit from others’ competences translates into the simple idea: service is exchanged for service . Nonetheless, as we have explored the implications of this simple idea over the past decade, we, along with others, have discovered that it has considerable potential explanatory potency; one not only applicable to micro-level, dyadic exchanges but also applicable to the meso and macro systems that emerge from these service exchanges. Perhaps predictably, we also discovered that this service-for-service exchange is not only relevant to business and economy but to society, more generally. Convergence The title of our first article, “Evolving to a new dominant logic for marketing,” provided a gateway to discuss a variety of trends occurring in applied business and marketing, as well as in scholarly writing and the trade literature. In Chapter 2, “Roots and heritage,” we reviewed the long history of the development of goods-dominant (G-D) logic and discussed how a variety of thoughts were converging around a new dominant logic. From the rapid ascendance and impact of the services marketing and management literature in the 1970s and 1980s, we began to see other currents of change in thinking. As is often the case, when thinking starts to change, it is supplemented or leveraged by the emergence of a new lexicon, which, in turn, further influences thinking and ultimately behavior or action. During the 1990s we witnessed such an explosion of new concepts and ways of thinking, including the following: operand and operant resources, coproduction, cocreation, mass customization, experience economy, network economy, core competency, value constellations, and value propositions.
A dynamic run-profile energy-aware approach for scheduling computationally intensive bioinformatics applications

High Performance Computing (HPC) resources are housed in large datacenters, which consume exorbitant amounts of energy and are quickly demanding attention from businesses as they result in high operating costs. On the other hand HPC environments have been very useful to researchers in many emerging areas in life sciences such as Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics. In an earlier work, we introduced a dynamic model for energy aware scheduling (EAS) in a HPC environment; the model is domain agnostic and incorporates both the deadline parameter as well as energy parameters for computationally intensive applications. Our proposed EAS model incorporates 2-phases. In the Offline Phase, we use a run profile based approach to generate the initial schedule. In the Online Phase a feedback mechanism is incorporated between the EAS Engine and the master scheduling process. As scheduled tasks are completed, actual execution times are used to adjust the resources required for scheduling remaining tasks using the least number of nodes while meeting a given deadline. In this paper we study the impact of the quality of initial schedule using different run profiles which is the starting point for the EAS algorithm on the number of adjustments which is critical to the overall energy optimization as every adjustment made has an overhead. The conducted experiments show that the proposed approach succeeded in meeting preset deadlines while minimizing the number of nodes; thus reducing overall energy utilized and that choosing the right profile in the Offline phase has an impact on the energy optimization achieved by the EAS algorithm.
Water-smart growth planning: linking water and land in the arid urbanizing American West

Linking water and land is essential in planning for the future of the western United States. We propose the concept of ‘water-smart growth’ and explore its implications through incorporating water considerations into the SLEUTH land-use model. The urban growth trajectory in Cache County, Utah, is modeled from 2007 to 2030 under four different scenarios: current trend; smart growth; water-smart growth with moderate implementation; and water-smart growth with full implementation. Comparisons of simulation results illustrate the extent and ways in which water-smart growth would alter current established land-use growth patterns. The approach represents an initial step to better integrate land and water in urban growth modeling and planning. This study's purposes are to provide improved understanding and representation of linkages between water and land in urbanizing environments, offer insights from a set of modeled options, and demonstrate the significance of integrating land and water in planning practices.
On Interface Rate Allocation for a Fiber Aided Wireless Network Architecture

The concept of a fiber aided wireless network architecture (FAWNA) is introduced in [Ray et al., Allerton 2005], which allows high-speed mobile connectivity by leveraging the speed of optical networks. Reference [Ray et al., ISIT 2006] considers a single-input, multiple-output (SIMO) FAWNA: A SIMO wireless channel interfaced with an optical fiber through wireless-optical interfaces. Though the architecture is similar to that of the classical CEO problem, the problem is different from it. In this paper, we address the question of how rate should be allocated among the interfaces in a SIMO-FAWNA, i.e., how fiber capacity should be divided between the interfaces. The interface has noise from two sources, receiver front end and quantizer. We show that an optimal rate allocation is one which ensures that each interface gets enough rate so that its noise is dominated by front end noise rather than by quantizer distortion. This implies higher rates for interfaces seeing higher channel gains. After this rate requirement is met, SIMO-FAWNA capacity is almost invariant to allocation of left over fiber capacity. Hence, large capacity of the optical fiber ensures robustness of SIMO-FAWNA capacity to interface rate allocation. We also show that rather than dynamically changing rate allocation based on channel state, a fixed rate allocation scheme can be adopted with very small loss in capacity. This translates into considerable reduction in FAWNA complexity.
Design and Feasibility of a Text Messaging Intervention to Prevent Indoor Tanning Among Young Adult Women: A Pilot Study

Background: Although skin cancer is largely preventable, it affects nearly 1 of 5 US adults. There is a need for research on how to optimally design persuasive public health indoor tanning prevention messages. Objective: The objective of our study was to examine whether framed messages on indoor tanning behavioral intentions delivered through short message service (SMS) text messaging would produce (1) positive responses to the messages, including message receptivity and emotional response; (2) indoor tanning efficacy beliefs, including response efficacy and self-efficacy; and (3) indoor tanning risk beliefs. Methods: We conducted a pilot study of indoor tanning prevention messages delivered via mobile phone text messaging in a sample of 21 young adult women who indoor tan. Participants completed baseline measures, were randomly assigned to receive gain-, loss-, or balanced-framed text messages, and completed postexposure outcome measures on indoor tanning cognitions and behaviors. Participants received daily mobile phone indoor tanning prevention text messages for 1 week and completed the same postexposure measures as at baseline. Results: Over the 1-week period there were trends or significant changes after receipt of the text messages, including increased perceived susceptibility (P<.001), response efficacy beliefs (P<.001), and message receptivity (P=.03). Ordinary least squares stepwise linear regression models showed an effect of text message exposure on self-efficacy to quit indoor tanning (t6=–2.475, P<.02). Ordinary least squares linear regression including all measured scales showed a marginal effect of SMS texts on self-efficacy (t20=1.905, P=.08). Participants endorsed highly favorable views toward the text messaging protocol. Conclusions: This study supports this use of mobile text messaging as an indoor tanning prevention strategy. Given the nature of skin cancer risk perceptions, the addition of multimedia messaging service is another area of potential innovation for disseminating indoor tanning prevention messages. [JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016;4(4):e137]
Abstract 454: Cationic Peptides Neutralize Ox-LDL and Acetyl LDL Negative Charge and Prevent Their Uptake by Macrophages

Background Apoprotein (Apo A1) and apoprotein E mimetic peptides are known to reduce atherosclerosis. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypolipidemic properties have been suggested to contribute to the anti-atherosclerotic effects. In this study, we tested whether three distinct and unrelated cationic peptides would inhibit the oxidation of lipoproteins and whether they would counteract and neutralize the negatively charged modified lipoproteins and inhibit their uptake by macrophages. Methods 5F-mimetic peptide of apoA1, LL27 derived from the anti-microbial peptide CAMP, and a human glycodelin derived peptide were commercially synthesized. The number of positively charged amino acid residues (K+R) and negatively charged residues (D+E) were 4/4, 7/4, 6/2 respectively. Their abilities to reduce lipid peroxides (LOOH), inhibit the oxidation low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL), interact with modified lipoproteins, and to inhibit macrophage uptake of modified LDL were measured. Results Cationic peptides decomposed the peroxide content of 13-HPODE and inhibited the oxidation of LDL and HDL by copper in a lysine dependent manner. Incubation of Ox-LDL and Ac-LDL with the peptides resulted in charge neutralization as noted by agarose gel electrophoresis. Pre-incubation of the peptides with modified lipoproteins reduced the uptake of the latter by macrophages and foam cell formation as detected by Oil-Red O staining. Conclusions Based on these studies, we postulate that cationic peptides may have properties that may affect a) events that are unrelated to lipid lowering, b) may play additional role in immune competent cells, including macrophages, and c) may interact with other biologically important anionic molecules, including lipids and proteins. These results also suggest there may be other cationic proteins that may influence the atherogenic processes.
Robust Representations for Person Re-identification

Person re-identification plays an important role in many safety-critical applications. Existing works mainly focus on extracting patch-level features or learning distance metrics. However, the representation power of extracted features might be limited, due to the various viewing conditions of pedestrian images in reality. To improve the representation power of features, we learn discriminative and robust representations via dictionary learning in this chapter. First, we propose a cross-view projective dictionary learning (CPDL) approach, which learns effective features for persons across different views. CPDL is a general framework for multi-view dictionary learning. Secondly, by utilizing the CPDL framework, we design two objectives to learn low-dimensional representations for each pedestrian in the patch-level and the image-level, respectively. The proposed objectives can capture the intrinsic relationships of different representation coefficients in various settings. We devise efficient optimization algorithms to solve the objectives. Finally, a fusion strategy is utilized to generate the similarity scores. Experiments on the public VIPeR, CUHK Campus and GRID datasets show that our approach achieves the state-of-the-art performance.
Machine Learning of the Cardiac Phenome and Skin Transcriptome to Categorize Heart Disease in Systemic Sclerosis

ABSTRACT Background Cardiac involvement is a leading cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc/scleroderma). The complexity of SSc cardiac manifestations is not fully captured by the current clinical SSc classification, which is based on extent of skin involvement and specific autoantibodies. Therefore, we sought to develop a clinically relevant SSc cardiac disease classification to improve clinical care and increase understanding of SSc cardiac disease pathobiology. We hypothesized that machine learning could identify novel SSc cardiac disease subgroups, and that gene expression assessment of skin could provide insights into molecular pathogenesis of these SSc pheno-groups. Methods We used unsupervised model-based clustering (phenomapping) of SSc patient echocardiographic and clinical data to identify clinically relevant SSc pheno-groups in a discovery cohort (n=316), and validated these findings in an external SSc validation cohort (n=67). Cox regression was used to evaluate survival differences among groups. Gene expression profiles from skin biopsies from a subset of SSc patients (n=68) and controls (n=18) were analyzed with weighted gene co-expression network analyses to identify gene modules that were associated with cardiac pheno-groups and echocardiographic parameters. Results Four SSc cardiac pheno-groups were identified with distinct profiles. Pheno-group #1 displayed a predominant cutaneous phenotype without cardiac involvement; pheno-group #2 had long-standing SSc with limited skin and cardiac involvement; pheno-group #3 had diffuse skin involvement, a high frequency of interstitial lung disease (88%), and significant right heart remodeling/dysfunction; and pheno-group #4 had prolonged SSc disease duration, limited skin involvement, and marked biventricular cardiac involvement. After multivariable adjustment, pheno-group #3 (hazard ratio [HR] 7.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5–33.0) and pheno-group #4 (HR 10.5, 95% CI 2.1–52.7) remained associated with mortality (P Conclusions Machine learning of echocardiographic and skin gene expression data in SSc identifies clinically relevant subgroups with distinct cardiac phenotypes, survival, and associated molecular pathways in skin.
Assessing the Quality of Home Visit Parenting Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Home-visit parenting programmes have been linked to positive developmental outcomes among participating children, yet few studies have explored the mechanisms behind this impact. We observe 40 home...
The role of cholesterol in mycoplasma membranes.

Cholesterol is the end product of the sterol biosynthetic pathway in animal cells. The sterol molecule arose necessarily with the advent of an aerobic environment (Bloch, 1983), making it a relative latecomer in the evolutionary development of living cells. Perhaps, as a consequence, sterols are not uniformly distributed among life forms as are, say, amino acids and nucleic acids, but are reserved almost without exception as membrane components of eukaryotic rather than prokaryotic cells. Notable exceptions to the exclusionary rule of sterols in prokaryotes can be found in a few aerobic bacteria (Bird et al., 1971) and in members of the class Mollicutes. Of the three established families comprising the class Mollicutes, the Mycoplasmataceae and Spiroplasmataceae require cholesterol or a related sterol for growth whereas Acholeplasmataceae do not. None of the mycoplasmas* synthesize cholesterol de novo, nor do they generally metabolize or modify the sterol molecule. Rather, mycoplasmas incorporate sterols unchanged from the environment to levels approaching 50 mole% of the total membrane lipid. These features coupled with mycoplasmas’ inherent fatty acid auxotrophy and single membrane structure assure the mycoplasmas a high rank among the organisms of choice for studies aimed at understanding the role of sterols in natural membranes. The degree of control over membrane lipid content one can achieve with mycoplasmas more closely approaches that obtained with model membranes than with most other natural systems used to study sterol structure-function relationships such as yeast, insects, and fibroblasts. Although studies on model membranes have provided valuable information on the functional consequences of sterol-phospholipid interactions, the principles governing both sterol-phospholipid and sterol-protein interactions in the complex milieu of a natural membrane must ultimately be delineated before a full understanding of the role of cholesterol in mycoplasmas and other cells can be reached.
Behavioral optometry: a historical perspective.

BACKGROUND The term behavioral optometry is often used to refer to all aspects of practice associated with case analysis and vision therapy. Practitioners with differing backgrounds and perspectives may use the term differently, resulting in poor communication. METHODS The evolution of behavioral optometry is reviewed from a historical perspective, to identify the various lines along which the field has developed and to clarify the differing perspectives that result. RESULTS Behavioral optometry had its origins in strabismus orthoptics and in case analysis systems developed to resolve asthenopic complaints in nonstrabismic individuals. From these roots, behavioral optometry has evolved along two complementary lines. Traditional, physiologically-based models emphasize accommodation-convergence relationships and the mechanisms of vergence dysfunction. Behavioral approaches emphasize the influence of environment and experience upon visual function, the relationship of vision to other aspects of organismic behavior, and the role of vision as a modality for gathering and processing information. CONCLUSIONS The past 50 years has brought substantial growth in the scope of behavioral optometric care, with consideration of the role of vision in relation to school achievement, VDT use, sports, spatial and motor organization, and information-processing. Models of care emphasize prevention, remediation, rehabilitation, and enhancement. Behavioral optometry is an integral component of optometric education and practice.
A Case of Ocular Kaposi's Sarcoma Successfully Treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Combined with Docetaxel.

BACKGROUND Ocular Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) involving the conjunctiva and ocular adnexa is uncommon and is usually treated with cryotherapy or surgical excision. We report a case of ocular KS successfully treated with HAART combined with 8 cycles of weekly docetaxel. CASE REPORT Our patient was a 24-year-old, treatment-naive, HIV-positive (CD4 cell count 198 cells/mm3), homosexual man treated as having atypical hordeolum and subconjunctival hemorrhage, and later confirmed with pathology to have ocular KS with immunohistochemistry study showing KS with positive HHV8, CD34, CD31, and focal positive staining with Factor VIIIRA. HAART therapy was initiated combined with weekly docetaxel. With 2-month treatment of HAART and 8 cycles of weekly docetaxel, the KS of the bulbar conjunctiva and the eyelid partially resolved. CONCLUSIONS HAART combined with weekly docetaxel is an effective and well-tolerated option for ocular KS, which could be considered before cryotherapy or surgical excision.
Deep Learning and Gaussian Process based Band Assignment in Dual Band Systems.

We consider the band assignment (BA) problem in dual-band systems, where the basestation (BS) chooses one of the two available frequency bands (centimeter-wave and millimeter-wave bands) to communicate with the user equipment (UE). While the millimeter-wave band might offer higher data rate, there is a significant probability of outage during which the communication should be carried on the (more reliable) centimeter-wave band. We consider two variations of the BA problem, one-shot and sequential BA. For the former the BS uses only the currently observed information to decide whether to switch to the other frequency band, for the sequential BA, the BS uses a window of previously observed information to predict the best band for a future time step. We provide two approaches to solve the BA problem, (i) a deep learning approach that is based on Long Short Term Memory and/or multi-layer Neural Networks, and (ii) a Gaussian Process based approach, which relies on the assumption that the channel states are jointly Gaussian. We compare the achieved performances to several benchmarks in two environments: (i) a stochastic environment, and (ii) microcellular outdoor channels obtained by ray-tracing. In general, the deep learning solution shows superior performance in both environments.
Behavioral and neuroanatomical outcomes following altered serotonin expression in a hypoxic-ischemic injury neonate rodent model.

BACKGROUND Children born prematurely (<37 gestational weeks) are at risk for a variety of adverse medical events. They may experience ischemic and/or hemorrhagic events leading to negative neural sequelae. They are also exposed to repeated stressful experiences as part of life-saving care within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). These experiences have been associated with methylation of SLC6A4, a gene which codes for serotonin transport proteins, and is associated with anxiety, depression, and increased incidence of autism spectrum disorders.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of altered serotonin levels on behavioral and neuroanatomical outcomes in a neonatal rodent model with or without exposure to hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury. METHODS Wistar rat pups were randomly assigned to either HI injury or sham groups. Pups within each group were treated with a chronic SSRI (Citalopram HBr) to simulate the effects of SLC6A4 methylation, or saline (NS). Subjects were assessed on behavioral tasks and neuropathologic indices. RESULTS HI injured subjects performed poorly on behavioral tasks. SSRI subjects did not display significantly greater anxiety. HI + SSRI subjects learned faster than HI+NS. Histologically, SSRI subjects had predominantly larger brain volumes than NS. CONCLUSION SSRI treated subjects without injury showed patterns of increased anxiety, consistent with theories of SLC6A4 methylation. The paradoxical trend to improved cognition in HI+SSRI subjects relative to HI alone, may reflect an unexpected SSRI neuroprotective effect in the presence of injury, and may be related to serotonin-induced neurogenesis.
Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of DFN-15 (Celecoxib Oral Solution, 25 mg/mL) in the Acute Treatment of Episodic Migraine: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of 120 mg DFN-15 vs placebo for the acute treatment of migraine. BACKGROUND Certain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are guideline-recommended therapies for the acute treatment of migraine, but patients who use them may have issues with gastrointestinal tolerability. Celecoxib, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, produces analgesia similar to nonselective NSAIDs. DFN-15 is an oral, ready-made liquid solution of celecoxib being investigated for the acute treatment of migraine. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, efficacy, tolerability, and safety study in adults with migraine was conducted. Subjects treated a single migraine attack with 120 mg DFN-15 or placebo as soon as possible after the onset of pain of moderate to severe intensity. The 2 independent coprimary efficacy endpoints were the proportion of subjects with freedom from pain and the absence of the most bothersome symptom (MBS) at 2 hours postdose. A second double-blind treatment period followed the first, but did not contribute to the primary outcomes and will be reported elsewhere. RESULTS There were 622 subjects randomized (1:1) to double-blind treatment with either 120 mg DFN-15 or placebo, and 567 (91.2%) treated a migraine with study drug (n = 285 DFN-15; n = 282 placebo). Groups were balanced in demographic characteristics; the mean age was 40, and most subjects were female (87% [494/567]). At 2 hours postdose, DFN-15 was significantly superior to placebo for pain freedom (35.6% [98/275] vs 21.7% [57/263], P < .001), with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 2.00 (1.36, 2.94) and for freedom from the MBS (57.8% [134/232] vs 44.8% [104/232], P = .007), with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 1.68 (1.17, 2.43). A total of 13.3% (38/285) of DFN-15-treated subjects and 8.9% (25/282) of placebo-treated subjects reported a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE). Study drug-related TEAEs were reported by 9.1% (26/285) of DFN-15 subjects and 6.0% (17/282) of placebo subjects, the most common of which were dysgeusia (4.2% [12/285] vs 1.4% [4/282]) and nausea (3.2% [9/285] vs 1.8% [5/282]). No subjects treated with DFN-15 reported TEAEs that were severe or led to withdrawal, and no serious TEAEs or deaths were reported in the study. CONCLUSIONS DFN-15 was significantly more effective than placebo for the acute treatment of migraine, with a generally favorable tolerability and safety profile.
Social innovation and poster presentations: Service-learning for business students in a team-based course

This paper describes a course project that delivers the theoretical application of effective team processes through a unique blend of service-learning and social innovation. Through this project, s...
Creating Energy for Change: The Role of Changes in Perceived Leadership Support on Commitment to an Organizational Change Initiative:

Leader support is critical for organizational change, yet prior research has examined support as a static construct. Drawing on social learning and change momentum theories, we hypothesized that in...
Dexamethasone implant migration in an eye with congenital glaucoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction:The dexamethasone (DEX) implant is an FDA approved treatment for diabetic macular edema, non-infectious posterior uveitis, and macular edema secondary to branch or central retinal vein...
Practical Aspects of Implementing and Applying Health Care Cloud Computing Services and Informatics to Cancer Clinical Trial Data.

PURPOSECloud computing has led to dramatic growth in the volume, variety, and velocity of cancer data. However, cloud platforms and services present new challenges for cancer research, particularly...
Black Crescent: The Experience and Legacy of African Muslims in the Americas

Beginning with Latin America in the fifteenth century, this book, first published in 2005, is a social history of the experiences of African Muslims and their descendants throughout the Americas, including the Caribbean. The record under slavery is examined, as is the post-slavery period into the twentieth century. The experiences vary, arguably due to some extent to the Old World context. Muslim revolts in Brazil are also discussed, especially in 1835, by way of a nuanced analysis. The second part of the book looks at the emergence of Islam among the African-descended in the United States in the twentieth century, with successive chapters on Noble Drew Ali, Elijah Muhammad, and Malcolm X, with a view to explaining how orthodoxy arose from varied unorthodox roots.
Device and system requirements from a networking perspective

Summary form only given. Presents packet switched optical fibre networks using wavelength routing. We discuss wavelength, switching, and transceiver tuning requirements for WDM optical fiber networks.