cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Evidential Reasoning Approach to Fraud Risk Assessment under Dempster-Shafer Theory: A General Framework

This paper develops a general framework under Dempster-Shafer theory for assessing fraud risk in a financial statement audit by integrating the evidence pertaining to the presence of fraud triangle factors (incentives, attitude and opportunities), and evidence concerning both account-based and evidence-based fraud schemes. This framework extends fraud risk assessment models in prior research in three respects. 1) It integrates fraud schemes, both account schemes through which accounts are manipulated, and evidence schemes through which frauds are concealed, into a single framework. 2) It incorporates prior fraud frequency information obtained from the Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission into an evidential network which uses Conditional OR relationships among assertions. 3) The framework provides a structured approach for connecting risk assessment, audit planning, and evaluation of audit results. The paper uses a real fraud case to illustrate the application of the framework.
The biotin carboxylase-biotin carboxyl carrier protein complex of Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is composed of four different protein molecules. These proteins form a large but very unstable complex. Hints of a sub-complex between the biotin carboxylase (BC) and biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) subunits have been reported in the literature, but the complex was not isolated and thus the protein stoichiometry could not be determined. We report isolation of the BC·BCCP complex. By use of affinity chromatography using two different affinity tags it was shown that the complex consists of a two BCCP molecules per BC molecule. The molar ratio in the complex is the same as the ratio of the subunit proteins synthesized in vivo. We conclude that the complex consists of a dimer of BC plus four BCCP molecules instead of the 2BC·2BCCP complex previously assumed. This subunit ratio allows two conflicting models of the ACC mechanism to be rectified. We also report that the N-terminal 30 or so residues of BCCP are responsible for the interaction of BCCP with BC and that the BC·BCCP complex is a substrate for biotinylation in vitro.
Serum activity patterns of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase following graded myocardial infarction in dogs.

Following experimental myocardial infarction in the dog elevations of serum levels of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGO-T), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGP-T) and lactic dehydrogenase (SLD) were consistently noted in decreasing order. Evidence is presented that leakage into the serum from the damaged myocardium plays an important role in these elevations. This concept is supported by analyses of original tissue to blood enzyme concentration gradients, activities of homogenates of infarcts of varying ages, simultaneous measurements of coronary sinus and peripheral venous blood following infarction and contrasting results in man and the dog following infarction.
Identifying historical and recent land-cover changes in Kansas using post-classification change detection techniques

Abstract Statewide land-cover change detection analysis provides a useful tool for conservation planning and environmental monitoring and addresses issues of habitat fragmentation and urban sprawl. Furthermore, land-cover data offer a historical and recent perspective on landscape dynamics. To this end, the first alliance level land-cover map of Kansas (Kansas Vegetation Map) recently completed by the KARS Program was compared to Kuchler's Potential Natural Vegetation map and the 1993 Kansas Land Cover Patterns map. The post-classification change detection technique was used along with co-occurrence matrices to identify areas and directions of land-cover change. Comparisons showed that the land cover of Kansas has changed drastically since European settlement. Over 48% of the land is now cultivated and native vegetation types such as tallgrass and shortgrass prairie have been reduced dramatically in area. There are, however, millions of ha of these vegetation types remaining in Kansas. Comparisons between...
Transcriptional regulation of gene expression during adipocyte differentiation.

Cell culture models (e.g. 3T3-L1 cells) have been developed for studying the process of adipocyte differentiation. Differentiation can be induced by adding insulin-like growth factor I, glucocorticoid, fatty acids, and an agent that increases intracellular cAMP level. The adipocyte differentiation program is regulated by transcriptional activators such as CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha), peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR gamma 2), fatty acid activated receptor (FAAR), and transcriptional repressors such as preadipocyte repressor element binding protein (PRE) and C/EBP undifferentiated protein (CUP). These transcription factors coordinate the expression of genes involved in creating and maintaining the adipocyte phenotype including the insulin-responsive glucose transporter (GLUT4), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and the fatty acid binding protein (422/aP2).
Behavioral and Occupational Fitness

ABSTRACTBehavioral health and occupational health contribute substantially to a healthy military force. To assist commanders in monitoring and supporting their troops, we review the role of behavioral health on military fitness, including substance abuse (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs) and psychophysical behaviors associated with weight and sleep problems. We also examine the role of occupational health, including psychosocial factors (stress and social influence), and environmental factors (physical, chemical, and biological stressors). We summarize components that negatively affect service members' mental and physical functioning, greatly reducing readiness. The military's stand on illicit drug use and fitness has significantly reduced problems within these domains. Some progress has been made in reducing problems associated with alcohol, tobacco, and accident prevention. Little headway, however, has been made in the prevention and treatment of insomnia. Recommendations are offered for further imp...
Reflections on Yugoslavia's Transition to a Market Economy

The Markovic government has clearly come down on the side of moving Yugoslavia towards a market economy. To succeed, the government must successfully privatize its so-called social capital, which represents about 85 percent of Yugoslavia’s capital stock. We have presented privatization principles and implementation criteria that will assist that privatization. Moreover, we strongly conclude that the most principled and practical privatization strategy should center on the privatization of Yugoslavia’s social security system. That privatization strategy will simultaneously allow for the rapid repair of Yugoslavia’s social-security system and the equitable privatization of that nation’s social capital.
Medical student service learning program teaches secondary students about career opportunities in health and medical fields

Engagement of academic medical centers in community outreach provides the public with a better understanding of basic terms and concepts used in biomedical sciences and increases awareness of important health information. Medical students at one academic medical center initiated an educational outreach program, called PULSE, that targets secondary students to foster their interest in healthcare and medicine. High school student participants are engaged in a semester-long course that relies on interactive lectures, problem-based learning sessions, mentoring relationships with medical students, and opportunities for shadowing healthcare providers. To date, the curriculum has been offered for 7 consecutive years. To determine the impact that participation in the curriculum has had on college/career choices and to identify areas for improvement, an electronic questionnaire was sent to former participants. Based on a 32% response rate, 81% of former participants indicated that participation in the course influenced their decision to pursue a medical/science-related career. More than half (67%) of respondents indicated intent to pursue a MD/PhD or other postgraduate degree. Based on responses obtained, additional opportunities to incorporate laboratory-based research and simulation sessions should be explored. In addition, a more formalized mentoring component has been added to the course to enhance communication between medical students and mentees. Health/medicine-related educational outreach programs targeting high school students may serve as a pipeline to introduce or reinforce career opportunities in healthcare and related sciences.
Final-state-interaction simulation of T violation in top-quark semileptonic decay.

The standard electroweak final-state interaction induces a false T-odd correlation in the top-quark semileptonic decay. The correlation parameter is calculated in the standard model and found to be considerably larger than those that could be produced by genuine T-violation effects in a large class of theoretical models
Increasing the efficiency of a hybrid polymer photovoltaic cell with polymer nanofiber complexes of varied thickness

The purpose of this investigation is to increase the power output of a specific polymer when utilized in a photovoltaic cell. Fossil fuels are an efficient and reliable source of energy, but they are detrimental to the environment, producing pollutants and greenhouse gases.[1] Also, the supply of fossil fuels is quickly diminishing. According to Kaufman,[2] at the rate fossil fuels are currently consumed, the supply will be exhausted within fifty years. Assuming that this statement is true, there is significant need for a new source of energy that will last a long time, be safe, clean, and easy to produce.
The Effect of a Purified Water-Soluble Fraction of a Fusarium roseum ‘Graminearum’ Culture on Reproduction of White Leghorn Females

Abstract White Leghorn females (36 weeks old) in egg production were individually fed a purified water-soluble fraction residue remaining from the water extract and a crude culture of Fusarium roseum ‘Graminearium’. Each fraction was fed at 3% of the diet for 6 weeks followed by 2 weeks with a control diet. Hens were inseminated weekly with .05 ml of pooled semen from males given control diets. The purified water-soluble fraction increased feed consumption during the test periods. During the posttest period, hens fed test diets consumed less feed than those fed a control diet. All test diets did not affect body weight change during the test periods. There was a significant increase in body weight of hens on the diet containing 3% crude culture and a marked decrease in body weight of hens fed the purified water-soluble fraction during the posttest period. Egg production and egg weight were not affected by treatments during the test and posttest periods. Fertility was reduced by the crude culture of F. roseum ‘Graminearum’ during the 6-week test. Hatchability of fertile eggs was significantly reduced by the purified water-soluble fraction and the crude culture of F. roseum ‘Graminearum’. Hatchability rapidly increased when these toxic diets were replaced with control diets. The majority of embryo mortality occurred during 5 days of incubation. The major mycotoxins reponsible for reduced hatchability of fertile eggs appeared to be water soluble components of F. roseum ‘Graminearum’ and not trichothecenes or zearalenone.
EVALUATION OF AIR-SEA INTERFACE HEAT FLUX

A theoretical analysis, laboratory experiments, and the routine availability of infrared remote sensors for boat, airplane or satellite use are combined to provide a simple method for evaluating the total heat flux through the air-water interface under nighttime field conditions in which the water surface is rough; all indications are that the technique can be extended to other conditions as well. To evaluate this flux all that is required is the local windspeed, the water surface temperature, a subsurface temperature, and the character of the sea surface. Conversely, the theory can also be applied to predict temperature differences across the interface if the heat transfer can be otherwise established.
Competition between Reaction and Degradation Pathways in Plasmon-Driven Photochemistry

Plasmonic materials are exciting candidates for driving photochemical reactions, as they couple strongly with light across a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum and can dramatically impact the photophysical properties of proximal molecular species. Plasmons have been shown to drive a number of photochemical reactions, but a detailed understanding of the mechanism is lacking in many cases. Here we investigate the effects of plasmonic field enhancement of the plasmon-driven conversion of 4-nitrobenzenethiol to 4,4′-dimercaptoazobenzene. By tuning the ensemble-averaged field enhancement of a plasmonic substrate, we quantify how the reaction yield and rate depend on the magnitude of the electric field. Surprisingly, we find no correlation of increased reaction rate or yield with greater field enhancement. Kinetic analysis of the reaction rate constants reveals a wide range of values, indicating that plasmonic excitation is not the rate-limiting step in this system. Additionally, we identify a competing...
Impact of 18F-Fluciclovine PET on Target Volume Definition for Postprostatectomy Salvage Radiotherapy: Initial Findings from a Randomized Trial

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the synthetic amino acid PET radiotracer 18F-fluciclovine in modifying the defined clinical and treatment-planning target volumes in postprostatectomy patients undergoing salvage radiotherapy and to evaluate the resulting dosimetric consequences to surrounding organs at risk. Methods: Ninety-six patients were enrolled in a randomized, prospective intention-to-treat clinical trial for potential salvage radiotherapy for recurrent prostate cancer after prostatectomy. The initial treatment plan was based on the results from conventional abdominopelvic CT and MRI. The 45 patients in the experimental arm also underwent abdominopelvic 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT, and the images were registered with the conventional images to determine whether the results would modify the initial treatment plan. The 51 patients in the control arm did not undergo 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT. For each patient, the clinical and treatment-planning target volumes that would have been treated before 18F-fluciclovine registration were compared with those after registration. For organs at risk (rectum, bladder, and penile bulb), the volumes receiving 40 Gy and 65 Gy before registration were compared with those after registration. Statistical comparisons were made using the paired t test. Acute genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity as defined by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group was compared between the control and experimental arms using the χ2 test. Results: In 24 cases, radiotherapy was planned to a clinical target volume consisting of the prostate bed alone (CTV) (64.8-66.6 Gy). In 21 cases, radiotherapy was planned to a clinical target volume consisting of the pelvis (CTV1) (45.0 Gy) followed by a boost to the prostate bed (CTV2) (19.8-25.2 Gy). In each case, the respective treatment-planning target volume expansion (PTV, PTV1, or PTV2) was 0.8 cm (0.6 cm posterior). With the exception of PTV2, all postregistration volumes were significantly larger than the corresponding preregistration volumes. Analysis of the rectum, bladder, and penile bulb volumes receiving 40 Gy and 60 Gy demonstrated that only the penile bulb volumes were significantly higher after registration. No significant differences in acute genitourinary or gastrointestinal toxicity were observed. Conclusion: Including information from 18F-fluciclovine PET in the treatment-planning process led to significant differences in the defined target volume, with higher doses to the penile bulb but no significant differences in rectal or bladder dose or in acute genitourinary or gastrointestinal toxicity. Longer follow-up is needed to determine the impact of 18F-fluciclovine PET on cancer control and late toxicity endpoints.
Transmitting Internet Protocol packets efficiently on underwater networks using entropy-encoder header translation

The Internet Protocol (IP) is ubiquitous in terrestrial and electromagnetic-carrier wireless networking. However, for very low-throughput underwater links (such as those using acoustic modems) the IP header introduces an unacceptable amount of data overhead for the small maximum transmission units available on underwater acoustic links. Nonetheless, it is becoming increasingly valuable to connect undersea deployments to the internet to provide data to researchers on shore, and facilitate remote command of deployed vehicles and sensors. This paper details a technique to reversibly translate the IPv4 header to allow IP packets to traverse acoustic links but with a header that is an order of magnitude smaller than a regular IPv4 header. In addition, this technique provides support for translating the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header to provide scalable multiplexing. This technique works by dynamically partitioning the address space into the required subnet size based on the number of communicating nodes, and applying a Huffman entropy encoder to the address values based on the probabilistic data flow amongst the nodes.
Discovering themes and trends in transportation research using topic modeling

Abstract Transportation research is a key area in both science and engineering. In this paper, we present an empirical analysis of 17,163 articles published in 22 leading transportation journals from 1990 to 2015. We apply a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model on article abstracts to infer 50 key topics. We show that those characterized topics are both representative and meaningful, mostly corresponding to established sub-fields in transportation research. These identified fields reveal a research landscape for transportation. Based on the results of LDA, we quantify the similarity of journals and countries/regions in terms of their aggregated topic distributions. By measuring the variation of topic distributions over time, we find some general research trends, such as topics on sustainability, travel behavior and non-motorized mobility are becoming increasingly popular over time. We also carry out this temporal analysis for each journal, observing a high degree of consistency for most journals. However, some interesting anomaly, such as special issues on particular topics, are detected from temporal variation as well. By quantifying the temporal trends at the country/region level, we find that countries/regions display clearly distinguishable patterns, suggesting that research communities in different regions tend to focus on different sub-fields. Our results could benefit different parties in the academic community—including researchers, journal editors and funding agencies—in terms of identifying promising research topics/projects, seeking for candidate journals for a submission, and realigning focus for journal development.
Further Notes on Eudolium (Galeodolium) Subfasctatum

The recent publication by Vokes (19861 on the identification of a species from the Chipola Formation, of northwestern Florida, as Eudolium (Galeodolium) subfasciatum Sacco, 1890, prompted a reexamination of material we had previously (1979. p. 22) identified as Semicassis (Echinophoria) aff. tostoma Woodring. The latter was described by Woodring (1973, p. 4 76, pl. 71. figs. 9, 12-1 41) from internal molds, said to be "abundant in the La Boca Formation at the type locality (30 specimens)," which is the Las Cascadas reach, Canal Zone, Panama.
BOLD Activity During Correct-Answer Feedback in Cued Recall Predicts Subsequent Retrieval Performance: An fMRI Investigation Using a Partial Trial Design

Receiving correct answer feedback following a retrieval attempt has proven to be a highly effective means of learning new information, yet the mechanisms behind its efficacy remain poorly understood. Here, fMRI was used to examine how BOLD activity measured during a period of feedback could predict subsequent memory (SM) performance on a final test. Twenty-five human subjects studied pairs of associated words, and were then asked to covertly recall target words in response to provided cues. Correct answer feedback was provided immediately after covert retrieval attempts. A partial trial design enabled separate modeling of activity related to retrieval and to feedback processing. During initial study, typical SM effects were observed across the whole brain. During feedback following a failed recall attempt, activity in only a subset of these regions predicted final test performance. These regions fell within the default mode network (DMN) and demonstrated negative SM effects, such that greater deactivation was associated with successful recall. No "task-positive" regions demonstrated SM effects in this contrast. The obtained results are consistent with a growing literature that associates DMN deactivation with successful learning in multiple task contexts, likely reflecting differences in the allocation of attentional resources during encoding.
Deposition of Adherent, Thick Copper Coatings on Glass

Glass parts were successfully coated with copper as thick as 1 mm using the combined technologies of vacuum deposition and electroplating. The key elements to the process were: preparation of the glass substrates, deposition of a low stress titanium binder layer by physical vapor deposition followed by a 6 μm thick layer of copper without breaking vacuum, and then electroplating 1 mm of copper in acid sulfate solution. An extremely important part of this work was the deposition of copper with as close to zero stress as possible. Data were generated on the influence of plating current density on stress and mechanical properties.
Discordant Voices: How Proteges Grow in the Context of Developmental Networks

Individual growth is critical in today’s organizations, in which employees must cope with uncertainty and adapt quickly to rapid changes. We develop a model that illuminates one key mechanism for g...
Life cycle assessment (LCA) of double-skin façade (DSF) system with fiber-reinforced concrete for sustainable and energy-efficient buildings in the tropics

Abstract Building envelope governs heat transfer between the external environment and building interiors and thus greatly influences the energy demand for heating and cooling. In this study, an innovative double-skin facade (DSF) system achievable with a new concrete composite called high performance green hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (HP-G-HyFRC) is proposed. Mechanical performance and partial life cycle assessment (LCA) focusing on embodied and operational energy was evaluated for the new system against an existing solid facade (SW) system as generally adopted in public housing in Singapore. Flexural test results showed that in addition to a 25% reduction in concrete usage and weight, the DSF system also exhibited a higher structural capacity and ductility as compared to the SW counterpart. LCA analysis of a functional unit revealed that the DSF system could potentially reduce the annual operational energy and CO2eq emission by 9.2%, despite a higher embodied energy and materials cost. Yet, the additional embodied energy and cost could be recovered within the first 2 and 8.2 years of operation, respectively. The findings demonstrate a promising potential for the application of the DSF system to reduce operational energy of buildings in the tropics.
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Knowledge and Intention Among Adult Inmates in Kansas, 2016-2017.

Objectives. To assess human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge and vaccine awareness, intention, and uptake among adult inmates in Kansas jails.Methods. We administered a survey with questions adapted ...
Adult Female Survival In A Partially Migratory Elk Herd

Partial migration occurs when a portion of the population migrates, and results from density-dependence in the relative costs and benefits of migrating or remaining a resident. For elk (Cervus elaphus), partial migration is an adaptive strategy for maximizing optimum forage quality while reducing predation risk. I tested related hypotheses about the effects of migration status, season (summer, winter) and density on the winter range for adult female elk survival. I first tested whether migrants had higher survival, based on the hypothesized forage benefits of migration. Next, I tested the hypothesis that survival of adult female migrant and resident elk differs over time first, as a function of density and second, as a function of seasonal variation between summer and winter. I estimated survival for 204 radio-collared elk over 8 yrs using the non-parametric Kaplan Meier (KM) approach and regressed survival estimates against population size. I tested my hypotheses regarding season, migratory status, and density using the semi-parametric Cox-Proportional Hazards (PH) Model. I found weak evidence supporting my hypothesis that adult female survival is higher for migrant elk compared to resident elk. Migrants had twice the variation in survival rates and a greater risk of death during summer compared to residents. I observed strong evidence of density dependence from the Cox PH model and my regression of KM survival estimates for residents showed adult female survival decreased with increasing elk density over time. My results show preliminary evidence for density dependence affecting resident, not migrant, adult female elk in this population.
Prayers to the God of Aristotle’s Metaphysics: Tefillot Siyyum for Chapters of Book Δ of Aristotle’s Metaphysics

Abstract In one incomplete manuscript of Aristotle’s Metaphysics with Averroes’ Long Commentary, a scribe has inserted short prayers, which seem to fit the genre of tefillot siyyum, to be read by the reader of the text upon completion of certain chapters of Book Δ of the Metaphysics. These prayers are thematically related to the content of Aristotle’s Metaphysics and Averroes’ commentary and accordingly suggest a philosophical interpretation of Judaism, God and the creation of the world that has as its centre-point metaphysics, as understood by Aristotle and his most important commentator, Averroes.
Isolation and cloning of human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma cDNA.

The nuclear hormone receptor superfamily proteins are ligand modulated transcription factors that directly connect cellular transcriptional responses to extracellular lipophilic signalling compounds, such as retinoids, steroids, and perhaps fatty acid and arachidonic acid metabolites as well (1). These receptors regulate major cellular processes including reproduction, development, homeostasis, differentiation, and oncogenesis (2). Retinoic acid receptors (RARs), v-erb A, and other nuclear receptors have important transcription regulating interactions with proteins from other transcription factor families, for example fos and jun (3–5). Nuclear receptors also have significant interactions with other members of their nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, for example retinoid X receptors, (RXRs) form functionally important heterodimers with the RARs (6). RXRs, however, can also heterodimerize with a number of different nuclear hormone receptors in vitro, including the Peroxisome Proliferatior Activated Receptors, (PPARs) (7).
TMS-EEG based Source Localized Connectivity Signature Extraction by using Unsupervised Machine Learning

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is gaining increasing attention for therapeutic treatment of mental illnesses. However, a clear understanding of its impact to the underlying brain mechanisms is critical for its effective application. For this, we analyze electroencephalography (EEG) response to TMS subthreshold pulse at the left motor cortex from 6 healthy controls and 6 schizophrenia patients. We use principal component analysis (PCA) along sparse nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), an unsupervised machine learning technique, on brain connectivity data established by sliding window coherence of EEG based source localized data. The source localization was achieved by using the sLORETA algorithm on our EEG data after artifact removal. This, hence, provides high temporal and spatial resolution in the connectivity analysis results, giving advantage over other neuroimaging modalities. PCA aids in establishing the number of common underlying connected subnetworks (say k) across subjects whereas NMF is employed to derive these k spatial and temporal signature subnetwork response to the stimulus. Within these signatures, we studied motor cortical connectivity and found that schizophrenia patients exhibited sensory gating deficits as compared to controls. These findings can act as potential biomarkers to monitor TMS for clinical therapeutic techniques in the future.
Increased Operative Duration of Minimally Invasive Prostatectomy is Associated with Significantly Increased Risk of 30-Day Morbidity

AbstractIntroduction:We examined the effect of operative duration on morbidity in minimally invasive radical prostatectomy. Operative duration has been shown to be a risk factor for negative outcom...
Do neurobiological differences exist between paranoid and non-paranoid schizophrenia? Findings from the bipolar schizophrenia network on intermediate phenotypes study.

Abstract Subtypes of schizophrenia, constructed using clinical phenomenology to resolve illness heterogeneity, have faced criticism due to overlapping symptomatology and longitudinal instability; they were therefore dropped from the Diagnostic Statistical Manual-5. Cognitive and imaging findings comparing paranoid (P-SZ) and non-paranoid (disorganized, residual and undifferentiated; NP-SZ) schizophrenia have been limited due to small sample sizes. We assessed P-SZ and NP-SZ using symptomatology, cognition and brain structure and predicted that there would be few neurobiological differences. P-SZ (n = 237), NP-SZ (n = 127) and controls (n = 430) were included from a multi-site study. In a subset of this sample, structural imaging measures (P-SZ, n = 133; NP-SZ, n = 67; controls, n = 310) were calculated using Freesurfer 6.0. Group contrasts were run using analysis of covariance, controlling for age, sex, race and site, p-values were corrected using False Discovery Rate (FDR) and were repeated excluding the residual subtype. Compared to NP-SZ (with and without the residual subtype), P-SZ displayed fewer negative symptoms, faster speed of processing, larger bilateral hippocampus, right amygdala and their subfield volumes. Additionally, NP-SZ (with residual subtype) displayed fewer depressive symptoms and higher left transverse temporal cortical thickness (CT) but NP-SZ without residual subtype showed lower GAF scores and worse digit sequencing compared to P-SZ. No differences in positive symptoms and functioning (global or social) were detected. Subtle but significant differences were seen in cognition, symptoms, CT and subcortical volumes between P-SZ and NP-SZ. While the magnitude of these differences is not large enough to justify them as distinct categories, the paranoid- nonparanoid distinction in schizophrenia merits further investigation.
Pseudochirality: A Manifestation of Noether's Theorem in Non-Hermitian Systems.

Noether's theorem relates constants of motion to the symmetries of the system. Here we investigate a manifestation of Noether's theorem in non-Hermitian systems, where the inner product is defined differently from quantum mechanics. In this framework, a generalized symmetry that we term pseudochirality emerges naturally as the counterpart of symmetries defined by a commutation relation in quantum mechanics. Using this observation, we reveal previously unidentified constants of motion in non-Hermitian systems with parity-time and chiral symmetries. We further elaborate the disparate implications of pseudochirality induced constant of motion: It signals the pair excitation of a generalized ``particle'' and the corresponding ``hole'' but vanishes universally when the pseudochiral operator is antisymmetric. This disparity, when manifested in a non-Hermitian topological lattice with the Landau gauge, depends on whether the lattice size is even or odd. We further discuss previously unidentified symmetries of this non-Hermitian topological system, and we reveal how its constant of motion due to pseudochirality can be used as an indicator of whether a pure chiral edge state is excited.
Diagnostic accuracy of a novel third generation esophageal capsule as a non-invasive detection method for Barrett's esophagus: A pilot study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM Previous two generations of esophageal capsule did not show adequate detection rates for Barrett's esophagus (BE). We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of a novel third generation capsule with an improved frame rate of 35 frames per second for the detection of BE in a pilot study. METHODS This was a blinded prospective pilot study conducted at a tertiary medical center. Patients with known BE (at least C0M > 1) who presented for endoscopic surveillance (May to October 2017) were included. All patients underwent novel esophageal capsule (PillCam™ UGI; Medtronic) ingestion using the simplified ingestion protocol followed by standard high-definition upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy [EGD]). Capsule endoscopy findings were interpreted by examiners blinded to endoscopy results and compared with endoscopic findings (gold standard). Following completion of both tests, a subjective questionnaire was provided to all patients regarding their experience. RESULTS Twenty patients (95%males, mean age 66.3 [±7.9] years) with BE undergoing surveillance EGD were eligible. The mean BE length was 3.5 (±2.7) cm. Novel esophageal capsule detected BE in 75% patients when images were compared with endoscopy. Novel capsule detected BE in 82% patients when the BE length was ≥2 cm. The mean esophageal transit time was 0.59 s. On a subjective questionnaire, all 20 patients reported novel capsule as being more convenient compared with EGD. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot, single-center study, novel esophageal capsule was shown to be not ready for population screening of BE. Studies integrating artificial intelligence into improved quality novel esophageal capsule should be performed for BE screening.
Decoding Cell-Cell Communications in Alveolar during Infection: Metabolic Control.

In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Liu et al. elucidates how Legionella-infected macrophages use the alveolar epithelium to metabolically process myeloid cells and advance antibacterial inflammation. This highlights the alveolar epithelium's importance as a key signaling bridge and could yield a metabolism-based blueprint for hampering Legionnaires' disease.
Like ‘The Force,’ 5G Has a Dark Side (Actually Several)

5G high-speed communication networks promise dramatic increases in communication speeds (such as 100-times faster than 4G) which will enable new and improved applications – which is great. But, like “The Force” there can be both a Light side (for good) and a Dark side (for evil.) Whereas most attention and enthusiasm has focused on the Light side, it is important to be aware of the Dark side as well.
Working With Nonoffending Caregivers of Children Who Have Been Sexually Abused: Common Challenges and Effective Strategies:

This research project is intended to address the dearth of information regarding best practice in clinical engagement and intervention with nonoffending caregivers of children who have been sexuall...
Novel role of the dietary flavonoid fisetin in suppressing rRNA biogenesis.

The nucleolus of a cell is a critical cellular compartment that is responsible for ribosome biogenesis and plays a central role in tumor progression. Fisetin, a nutraceutical, is a naturally occurring flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols that has anti-cancer effects. Fisetin negatively impacts several signaling pathways that support tumor progression. However, effect of fisetin on the nucleolus and its functions were unknown. We observed that fisetin is able to physically enter the nucleolus. In the nucleolus, RNA polymerase I (RNA Pol I) mediates the biogenesis of ribosomal RNA. Thus, we investigated the impacts of fisetin on the nucleolus. We observed that breast tumor cells treated with fisetin show a 20–30% decreased nucleolar abundance per cell and a 30–60% downregulation of RNA Pol I transcription activity, as well as a 50–70% reduction in nascent rRNA synthesis, depending on the cell line. Our studies show that fisetin negatively influences MAPK/ERK pathway to impair RNA Pol I activity and rRNA biogenesis. Functionally, we demonstrate that fisetin acts synergistically (CI = 0.4) with RNA Pol I inhibitor, BMH-21 and shows a noteworthy negative impact (60% decrease) on lung colonization of breast cancer cells. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) biogenesis as a target for secondary prevention and possible treatment of metastatic disease. Fisetin, a natural flavanol, can localize to the nucleolus and decrease rRNA biogenesis. It preferentially targets tumorigenic cells and cells with cancer stem-like properties. In combination with the RNA Pol I inhibitor BMH-21, it synergistically inhibits pulmonary metastasis, making this combination an exciting potential therapeutic strategy.
First Principles Dynamics of Photoexcited DNA and RNA Bases

The reaction dynamics of excited electronic states in nucleic acid bases is a key process in DNA photodamage. Recent ultrafast spectroscopy experiments have shown multi‐component decays of excited uracil and thymine, tentatively assigned to nonadiabatic transitions involving multiple electronic states. Using both quantum chemistry and first principles quantum molecular dynamics methods we show that a true minimum on the bright S2 electronic state is responsible for the first step which occurs on a femtosecond timescale. Thus the observed femtosecond decay does not correspond to surface crossing as previously thought. We suggest that subsequent barrier crossing to the minimal energy S2/S1 conical intersection is responsible for the picosecond decay.
Hepatitis B virus infection, the immune response and hepatocellular carcinoma.

More than 250 million people worldwide are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and have a 200-fold increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This is one of the most common cancers in the world with a geographical distribution highest in areas where HBV is endemic. A number of molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain this correlation including an acutely transforming viral oncogene; chromosomal aberrations due to HBV integration (i.e. deletions, translocations, duplications); activation of cellular proto-oncogenes; inactivation of cellular anti-oncogenes; and transactivation of cellular genes by HBV gene products. HCC usually develops only after 20-30 years of persistent HBV infection accompanied by hepatocyte necrosis, inflammation and regenerative hyperplasia. Because HBV is not directly cytopathic, liver injury must be immune mediated. Factors that predispose HBV-infected individuals to develop HCC are chronicity, an immune response and liver injury rather than a direct genetic event. Hepatic injury and continuous hepatocyte regeneration may allow an accumulation of multiple mutational events sufficient for the emergence of HCC. Pathways which lead to chronicity, the immune response during HBV infection, mechanisms of pathogenesis and methods to prevent HBV infection are all relevant to the development of HCC. Recent studies characterizing the humoral and cellular immune responses in patients chronically infected with HBV and transgenic mouse models of HBV-specific immune tolerance and pathogenesis are providing new insights into the complex association between HBV infection and HCC.
Sexual Violence Among Middle School Students The Effects of Gender and Dating Experience

Sexual violence has been increasingly recognized as a social, rather than strictly individual or family, problem. Unfortunately, providers and policymakers remain divided on the scope and causes of sexual violence, which limits their capacity to develop theory- and evidence-based responses. Such limitations are particularly pronounced in regards to children and adolescents. These youth are rarely addressed in the literature, and when they are, scholars tend to focus on adult victimization of children rather than children's victimization of their peers. This study investigates the prevalence of unwanted sexual contact among middle students. Data are from a sample of 1,371 students attending New York City public middle schools. Drawing from current antiviolence curricula and scholarly literature on sexual violence, gender and dating experience are used as predictors of victimization and perpetration; race, age, and prior exposure to antiviolence programming are included as controls. Data reveal that, while boys' violence towards girls comprises a substantial proportion of sexual violence in this population, same-sex violence and girls' violence towards boys are also prevalent. Analyses conclude with recommendations for future antiviolence programming based on these patterns.
Animals in art, animais in life

Years ago, as a young man in Jungian analysis, I suffered an identity crisis. Its catalyst was my discovery that–unlike my own analyst, the majority of my colleagues, and Jung himself I am not an i...
SUPPRESSIVE AND FACILITATIVE EFFECTS OF SHOCK INTENSITY AND INTERRESPONSE TIMES FOLLOWED BY SHOCK

Although response-dependent shock often suppresses responding, response facilitation can occur. In two experiments, we examined the suppressive and facilitative effects of shock by manipulating shock intensity and the interresponse times that produced shock. Rats' lever presses were reinforced on a variable-interval 40-s schedule of food presentation. Shock followed either long or short interresponse times. Shock intensity was raised from 0.05 mA to 0.4 mA or 0.8 mA. Overall, shock contingent on long interresponse times punished long interresponse times and increased response rates. Shock contingent on short interresponse times punished short interresponse times and decreased response rates. In Experiment 1, raising the range of interresponse times that produced shock enhanced these effects. In Experiment 2, the effects of shock intensity depended on the interresponse times that produced shock. When long interresponse times produced shock, low intensities increased response rates. High intensities decreased response rates. When short interresponse times produced shock, high shock intensities punished short interresponse times and decreased response rates more than low intensities. The results may explain why punishment procedures occasionally facilitate responding and establish parameters for future studies of punishment.
Plerixafor in combination with granulocyte–colony-stimulating factor after chemotherapy increases mobilization efficiency in patients with lymphoma or myeloma: results of a Phase II clinical trial

Background We tested whether adding plerixafor to G-CSF mobilization after chemotherapy would increase the proportion of patients collecting the target number of CD34+ cells/kg in 1 day of apheresis to >75%. Study design and methods Autologous stem cell transplant-anticipated multiple myeloma or lymphoma patients were eligible. Patients were mobilized with cyclophosphamide (n=17); DCEP (n=1); R-ICE (n=20); CHOP (n=2); or R-HCVAD (n=5) and given 5 mg/kg/day GCSF starting on Day 2 and increasing to 10 mg/kg/day on Day 6. Plerixafor 240 mg/kg was injected subcutaneously on the day the neutrophil count was more than 1.5 × 10(9) cells/L with apheresis the folllowing day. G-CSF, plerixafor, and apheresis continued daily until 5 × 10(6) (lymphoma) or 10 × 10(6) (myeloma) CD34+ cells/kg were collected. Results Seventeen myeloma and 28 lymphoma patients enrolled, and 76% collected the target number of CD34+ cells in 1 day. Twelve subjects with median CD34+ counts of 142 × 10(6) cells/L began apheresis without plerixafor and collected 20 × 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg in 1 day. The remaining 33 subjects, with median 11.7 × 10(6) CD34+ cells/L and 5.4 × 10(9) WBC/L, received plerixafor. Plerixafor-treated subjects collected 7.8 × 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg; 22 (67%) collected in 1 day, while 11 (33%) required more than 1 day. Plerixafor was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events. Conclusions Plerixafor administration after chemotherapy for autologous stem cell mobilization is feasible, well tolerated, and increases the proportion of subjects collected in a single day compared to mobilization with G-CSF after chemotherapy.
Preaching as an Act of Spirit: The Homiletical Theory of Howard Thurman

Howard Thurman receives little mention in many contemporary discussions on preaching. Yet, his era recognized – at least in part – his homiletical genius. In 1953, Thurman was named one of the twelve greatest preachers in the United States by Life Magazine. The field of homiletics still has much to gain by revisiting Thurman’s genius in preaching. For Thurman, preaching is more than an exercise that gives voice to biblical, theological, doctrinal, and social studies. Thurman views preaching as an act of spirit. This is the thesis I uphold in this paper. First, I will broach briefly the significance of Thurman by traversing his professional accomplishments. Second, I will expose the basic tenants of Thurman’s homiletical theory. Finally, I will suggest implications for Thurman’s integration into homiletical study.
Collaborating with Information Technology: Implementing Web Search at the University of New Mexico

The University of New Mexico (UNM) has used the Google Search Appliance (GSA) to provide search for the University's Web content. When the GSA license expired, the campus Information Technologies (IT) department and the University Libraries (UL) took the opportunity to collaborate on a re-launch of the service as a joint project. By collaborating closely with IT, the UL personnel gained insight and first-hand information on how to optimize the Libraries’ Web presence. Outcomes were positive, both in the resulting product and in building bridges between the work cultures.
Dysrhythmias of the respiratory oscillator

Breathing is regulated by a central neural oscillator that produces rhythmic output to the respiratory muscles. Pathological disturbances in the rhythm of breathing can lead to prolonged apnea and severe hypoxemia. Respiratory recordings[1] of these potentially fatal episodes have shown that in some cases, most commonly in sleeping infants, the first sign of apnea is cessation of rhythmic contraction of the diaphragm without airway obstruction, suggesting that the disturbance is due to loss of rhythmicity of the brainstem respiratory oscillator. These dysrhythmias often arise unexpectedly, i.e., they are immediately preceded by a normal respiratory pattern and a normal metabolic profile. In some instances prolonged apneic pauses are associated with or triggered by brief physiological stimuli such as exposure to sound[2],[3], stimulation of the face [4],[5], oropharynx or larynx[6], and swallowing[7]. All infants are frequently exposed to these brief physiological stimuli, so the mechanism by which generally benign perturbations could on rare occasion cause prolonged apnea has remained a mystery.
Teaching Artists Leading Professional Development for Teachers: What Teaching Artists Say They Need

ABSTRACT An in-depth study of how teaching artists can best learn to lead professional development in the arts for classroom teachers.