cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Thresholds for the Recovery of Sparse Solutions via L1 Minimization

The ubiquitous least squares method for systems of linear equations returns solutions which typically have all non-zero entries. However, solutions with the least number of non-zeros allow for greater insight. An exhaustive search for the sparsest solution is intractable, NP-hard. Recently, a great deal of research showed that linear programming can find the sparsest solution for certain `typical? systems of equations, provided the solution is sufficiently sparse. In this note we report recent progress determining conditions under which the sparsest solution to large systems is available by linear programming, [1]?[3]. Our work shows that there are sharp thresholds on sparsity below which these methods will succeed and above which they fail; it evaluates those thresholds precisely and hints at several interesting applications.
The Administration of Access to Confidential Records in State Archives: Common Practices and the Need for a Model Law

According to the "Archivist's Code," issued in 1955 by the Archivist of the United States, the archivist is to promote "access to records to the fullest extent consistent with the public interest," always observing proper restrictions on the use of records and working for the increase and diffusion of knowledge. The author examines the several approaches and practices used by fourteen state archival programs to administer access to restricted records. Included are in-depth studies of Indiana and Michigan. Utilizing the results of this survey and building upon the studies of Virginia Stewart and others, the author proposes that archivists/records administrators become more active on the access question and that they better appreciate the program objectives to be achieved when addressing access administration. The Georgia Records Act is offered as a basis for the development by NAGARA and SAA of a comprehensive model law and a more systematic understanding of the administration of access to public records.
Temporal Perception and Prediction in Ego-Centric Video

Given a video of an activity, can we predict what will happen next? In this paper we explore two simple tasks related to temporal prediction in egocentric videos of everyday activities. We provide both human experiments to understand how well people can perform on these tasks and computational models for prediction. Experiments indicate that humans and computers can do well on temporal prediction and that personalization to a particular individual or environment provides significantly increased performance. Developing methods for temporal prediction could have far reaching benefits for robots or intelligent agents to anticipate what a person will do, before they do it.
Electrostatically defined silicon quantum dots with counted antimony donor implants

Deterministic control over the location and number of donors is crucial to donor spin quantum bits (qubits) in semiconductor based quantum computing. In this work, a focused ion beam is used to implant antimony donors in 100 nm × 150 nm windows straddling quantum dots. Ion detectors are integrated next to the quantum dots to sense the implants. The numbers of donors implanted can be counted to a precision of a single ion. In low-temperature transport measurements, regular Coulomb blockade is observed from the quantum dots. Charge offsets indicative of donor ionization are also observed in devices with counted donor implants.
Effect of Western Pine Shoot Borer (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae) on Vertical Growth of Ponderosa Pine

Larvae of the western pine shoot borer, Eucosma sonomana Kearfott, mine in the pith of the terminal shoots, causing loss of vertical growth of ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Laws. Shoots that are potentially more robust are more likely to be infested than are inherently weaker shoots. Accordingly, direct comparisons of infested versus uninfested shoot lengths will underestimate actual growth loss. Two indirect methods of estimating growth loss are explored. Loss equivalent to over 25% of vertical growth in 1 year is indicated for each terminal shoot infested by a larva that develops to maturity.
Reduction kinetics of benzylideneaniline over Pd/SiO2−AlPO4 and Pd/sepiolite catalysts

The liquid-phase hydrogenation of benzylideneaniline over various Pd catalysts, using gaseous hydrogen has been studied. We have synthesized several Pd catalysts (3 wt.%) over SiO2−AlPO4 and sepiolite supports, and determined their metal surface area by X-ray diffraction. The study performed shows that the process follows a Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics with zero order in benzylideneaniline, ri=kokPH2 (1+KPH2)−1.
Some of the difference in the world: crane on intentional causation

Analyse des arguments de causalite de Crane contre la conception de consensus,i.e. que les Twin Earth arguments de Putnam et de Burge imposent un choix entre externalisme et internalisme au sujet de l'esprit
Purification of mouse antibodies and Fab fragments

Although monoclonal antibodies can have different properties, it should still be possible to purify any antibody to homogeneity. Often, by utilizing these differences, the purification procedure can be improved. All of the methods discussed are fairly simple and fast. With 1 week of work, over 50 mg of purified antibody can be realized. These methods can also yield material of sufficient quality for structural studies.
Global Muckraking: 100 Years of Investigative Journalism from around the World

Liberals have long celebrated the era of Ida Tarbell, Upton Sinclair, and Lincoln Steffens as a time when journalism defied entrenched moneyed interests to align itself with organized labor and the...
Cooling and drying in northeast Africa across the Pliocene

Abstract Terrestrial records suggest that Northeast Africa experienced drying during the Pliocene; however, these records are often incomplete in time and space, and questions about this shift in climate remain. Here, we use marine sediments from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 231 in the Gulf of Aden to generate a multi-proxy organic geochemical record of northeast African climate spanning 5.3–2 Ma. This new record provides a regional perspective on climate and serves as context for the fossil record of early hominin evolution. We measured leaf wax carbon (δ13Cwax) and hydrogen (δDwax) isotopic composition and TEX86 (tetraether index of 86 carbons) to investigate past changes in vegetation, aridity, and ocean temperature, respectively. In the earliest Pliocene, we infer warm subsurface ocean temperatures from TEX86, semi-arid conditions on land and extensive C4 grasslands based on δDwax, δ13Cwax and previously published pollen. After 5 Ma, ocean temperatures gradually cooled, and at 4.3 Ma there was a transition to arid conditions on land based on δDwax and pollen. Grasslands yielded to a mid Pliocene landscape of dry shrublands. This drying appears to be an atmospheric response to cooling ocean temperatures, which may reflect changes in tropical ocean circulation, the intensification of Indian Monsoon winds or perhaps other changes associated with Pliocene cooling.
The Traditional Mutual Prejudice

One would hardly expect the multinational corporations1 to entertain much goodwill and trust towards communism in general and the Socialist countries2 in particular. Communism, after all, basically stands for almost everything that the corporations dread — state intervention, nationalization, workers’ control, left-wing militancy and subversion. Although the corporations have wielded a good deal of power in the capitalist world, they have often proved powerless when confronted with the Socialist countries. Moreover many multinationals fell victim to Socialist policies and practices and the history of these grievances goes back to the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917.
Comparison of Nitrogen Adsorption and Mercury Penetration Results: I. Pore Volume and Surface Area Obtained for Type IV Isotherms

Mercury penetration pore volumes obtained for four materials (two silicas, alumina and zirconia) agreed closely with the “Gurvitsch Volume” obtained from nitrogen adsorption. The pore volume of the...
Abstract 593: Kinetic risk assessment with biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Background: Empiric prognostic scoring systems for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are routinely employed as baseline risk stratification tools for clinical trials. However, these systems have limited clinical utility after therapeutic intervention has begun. The goal of the current study was to develop clinically useful, hypothesis-driven, kinetic risk assessment tools based exclusively on biomarkers of systemic inflammation. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted with authorization from the Emory University Institutional Review Board. Inclusion criteria included treatment at the Winship Cancer Institute with a targeted agent for mRCC as well as concomitant serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin levels on at least three occasions that were at least 10 days apart. The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) was used to quantify the intensity of systemic inflammation and to formulate the Inflammation Intensity Index for kinetic risk assessment. Findings: Intensity of systemic inflammation was assessed 2465 times in 135 patients with cohorts used for training (n = 55; cutoff date 06/30/2012) and validation (n = 80; cutoff date 06/30/2014). Kinetic risk was assigned on the basis of time to onset of refractory systemic inflammation. The median overall survival (OS) was 44.7, 19.8, 13.0, and 6.7 months for kinetic risk categories A, B, C and D, respectively, with a median follow up of 29.3 months for the combined cohorts and none lost to follow up (censored log rank p Conclusions: The correlation of dramatic differences in OS with the onset of refractory systemic inflammation provides strong evidence in support of the clinical utility of the Inflammation Intensity Index and, as a consequence, the underlying theoretical constructs, including a plausible biological hypothesis for differences in clinical outcome by race. Citation Format: Wayne B. Harris, Omer Kucuk, Bradley Carthon, Yuan Liu, John Pattaras, Kenneth Ogan, Viraj Master. Kinetic risk assessment with biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 593. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-593
High baseline levels of interleukin-8 in leukocytes and urine predict tumor recurrence in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients receiving bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy: A long-term survival analysis.

ABSTRACTBacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) can significantly reduce the risk of recurrence and progression. However, BCG therapy may fail in up to a half of treated patients and may also cause toxicities. Biomarkers to predict the effectiveness of BCG therapy are desired to pre-select patients for BCG therapy to maximize efficacy while avoid unnecessary toxicity. Twelve cytokines were measured in 100 blood and 112 urine samples using cytokine antibody array and correlated with recurrence-free survival in overall and BCG-treated NMIBC patients. Of the 12 cytokines, interleukin (IL) -2, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon (IFN)-γ were measurable in more than 30% of peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) samples. Only IL-8 in PBL was found to be significantly associated with tumor recurrence, especially in those who receiving BCG therapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.24; 95% confidence inter...
Mexican American Mothers’ Conceptualization of Autonomy Support and Psychological Control in the Context of Cultural Values

ABSTRACTThis qualitative study explored the intertwining relationships among the concepts of parental autonomy support, parental control, and cultural values for Mexican American families. The study was guided by the following questions: (1) What elements of parental autonomy support are identified in Mexican American parents’ involvement in their children’s academic performance? (2) How do Mexican American parents conceptualize “autonomy support” and “parental control”? Sixteen Mexican American mothers expressed their own goals and strategies for home-based parental involvement to support their adolescents’ academic performance, and responded to the prototypes of autonomy support parenting and use of psychological control. Four themes emerged from the data to explain the participants’ practice: (1) Explain the expectations for behavioral and academic pursuit through persistent “telling” and “reminding”; (2) Respond to children’s feelings from parents’ perspectives; (3) Encourage with provisions, praises,...
Individual perceptions of community resilience following the 2011 Joplin tornado

Approximately 6–7 months after the deadliest tornado in the United States since 1947, we conducted a RDD telephone survey of Joplin residents (N = 380) to examine perceptions of community resilience (CR). We found that participants had positive perceptions of the resilience of their community after this major disaster. Older participants were more likely to perceive the community to be resilient than younger participants. More tornado experience was related to lower perceptions of CR. More use of traditional media (television and newspapers) for tornado information and more conversation with friends, family and neighbours about the tornado was associated with higher CR perceptions. Overall, mediated and interpersonal communication processes appear important for fostering CR following a major disaster.
18 F-FDG PET/CT helps in unmasking the great mimicker: A case of neurosarcoidosis with isolated involvement of the spinal cord

A 36 year-old male with no significant past medical history presented with lower extremity numbness, gait instability, and urinary and bowel retention of 4 weeks onset. Spine MRI revealed diffuse oedema of cervicothoracic spinal cord with several solid enhancing intramedullary lesions, suggestive of metastases. The 18F-FDG PET/CT performed to identify the primary malignancy demonstrated mild hypermetabolic foci within the cervicothoracic cord, as well as a mildly hypermetabolic bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and a mildly hypermetabolic pulmonary nodule, suggestive of sarcoidosis versus metastasis. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was supported by identifying non-caseating granuloma in the biopsy of the pulmonary nodule. The patient responded well to steroid-therapy, with the symptoms being resolved within 3 weeks.
Ethical Issues in Counseling Supervision: A Comparison of University and Site Supervisors

The purpose of this study was to examine how site and university supervisors differed on the interpretation of ethical dilemmas based on the ethical standards developed by the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES) Ethical Guidelines for Counseling Supervisors (1993). A survey of ethical dilemmas based on salient ethical issues in counseling supervision (i.e., dual relationships, competence, informed consent, and due process) was used. The participants in this study included site supervisors of field-based practicum, internship students and university supervisors from counseling programs accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP). The results of the study indicated significant differences between university and site supervisors on the interpretation of ethical dilemmas based on relevant ethical standards. Although differences existed, there are no clear trends in the direction of these differences.
An initial broad-level mapping of personality-situation contingencies in self-report data

Abstract It is commonplace observation that situations can affect the expression of personality dispositions. But psychology has typically addressed this relationship in a broad, unspecific way, with little attention yet to which situations might particularly affect which dispositions. Here, our premise is that critical information might arise from examining how a range of specific situations are perceived to affect each of a range of specific personality tendencies. 500 participants completed a questionnaire in which 15 items referencing attributes were juxtaposed with each of 29 differing situations that are salient to laypersons, and patterns compared with scores on a short Big Five (plus Honesty) measure. This design enabled a preliminary mapping of basic personality-by-situation dynamics. Honesty yielded the least variance between situations, with Extraversion and Emotional Stability showing the most. Variation in each personality dimension had its own pattern of situational contingency: for example global Extraversion scores were particularly predicted by extraverted tendencies in situations involving unfamiliar others. The emergence of these patterns suggests that at least some such dimensions are relevant to and diagnosed by responses to a particular limited range of situations.
Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis of Skin Cancer.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as a novel noninvasive imaging device that allows for the real-time, in vivo, cross-sectional imaging of skin morphology. OCT has increased imaging depth and field of view compared with reflectance confocal microscopy, at the cost of decreased cellular resolution. Frequency domain OCT, dynamic OCT (D-OCT), and high-definition OCT (HD-OCT) are useful in the diagnosis, treatment planning, and treatment monitoring of nonmelanoma skin cancers. Research is currently underway to assess the utilization of these devices in distinguishing between malignant and benign melanocytic lesions based on vascular patterns on D-OCT and cellular information on HD-OCT.
Renal cell carcinoma for the nephrologist

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a malignancy whose incidence is increasing, is frequently encountered in general nephrology practice when acute and chronic kidney disease occurs in the course of disease. Importantly, when kidney disease develops in the setting of RCC, mortality is significantly increased with patients often dying of a non-cancer-related complication of kidney disease. As such, practicing nephrologists need to have a working knowledge of this cancer's biology, treatment, and complications. Nephrologists should be involved in all aspects of the care of patients with RCC including in the acute setting prior to nephrectomy and in the chronic setting for patients with post-nephrectomy chronic kidney disease and those receiving potentially nephrotoxic anti-cancer agents. This collaborative approach to RCC care will hopefully improve patient outcomes.
Automated Deep Brain Stimulation Programming for Tremor

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) programming, the systematic selection of fixed electrical stimulation parameters that deliver maximal therapeutic benefit while limiting side effects, poses several challenges in the treatment of movement disorders. DBS programming requires the expertise of trained neurologists or nurses who assess patient symptoms according to standardized clinical rating scales and use patient reports of DBS-related side effects to adjust stimulation parameters and optimize therapy. In this paper, we describe and validate an automated software platform for DBS programming for tremor associated with Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor. DBS parameters are changed automatically through a direct computer interface with implanted neurostimulators. Each tested DBS setting is ranked according to its effect on tremor, which is assessed using smartwatch inertial measurement unit data, and side effects, which are reported through a user interface. Blinded neurologist assessments showed the automated programming method performed at least as well as clinician mediated programming in selecting the optimal settings for tremor therapy. This proof of concept study describes a novel DBS programming paradigm that may improve programming efficiency and outcomes, increase access to programming outside specialty clinics, and aid in the development of adaptive and closed-loop DBS strategies.
Social Principles As a Framework for Ethical Analysis (With an Application to the Tobin Tax)

Rooted in a reasoned understanding of what it is to be a human being in community, Catholic social principles are accessible to a pluralistic, even secular, audience. Instead of being used separately in an ad hoc manner, these principles can be applied as a single analytical framework in examining ethical questions. Doing so allows the manifold dimensions of social problems to surface. The paper applies this framework on the issue of whether currency markets ought to be taxed in order to deter speculation.
Precious metal alloys for dental applications

Abstract: Precious metals have a long history of use for dental applications because of their ease of manipulation and excellent biocompatibility. Presently, most precious alloys are used for restoration of teeth as crowns or bridges by casting and lost-wax investment methods. This chapter reviews common characteristics of dental precious alloys, and common high noble and noble alloy groups are presented. Physical and mechanical properties are described as relative to common dental procedures such as finishing and polishing. Modifications of the precious alloys for metal-ceramic bonding as well as some novel applications are also discussed. Finally, trends for future applications of precious alloys in dentistry are considered.
I’ll Break Something And You Tell Me What Went Wrong: Methods For Evaluating The User Interface In Network Problem Determination Software

Product design and development requires testing and evaluation to determine product usability. Enhancing the usability of products requires diagnosis and correction of potential usability problems. One type of usability evaluation performed at IBM’s Research Triangle Park site is that of a “live code” test on large data communication networks. This paper describes the methodology employed with such a test during the development of a product designed to facilitate problem determination in large computer networks. Topics covered include recruitment of participants, data capture, test procedure, data analysis and problem identification.
Atraumatic Indications for Splenectomy

Indications for splenectomy for atraumatic reasons can be divided into several categories, including benign, malignant, and others. This chapter will describe atraumatic indications for splenectomy and provide an algorithmic approach.
Evaluation and Lessons Learned From the Development and Implementation of an Online Prenatal Nutrition Training for EFNEP Paraprofessionals

Abstract Objective Design, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of a video-based online training addressing prenatal nutrition for paraprofessional peer educators. Methods Quasi-experimental pre-posttest study with 2 groups of paraprofessionals working for the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program in 17 states and US territories: intervention (n = 67) and delayed intervention comparison group (n = 64). An online training was systematically developed using Smith and Ragan's instructional design model, the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning, principles of adult learning, and selected constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory. Changes in knowledge, identification of inappropriate teaching practices, and self-efficacy, were assessed. Within- and between-group comparisons were done using ANCOVA. Results The intervention group scored significantly higher (P Conclusions and Implications A video-based online training is an effective method to complement in-person trainings to prepare paraprofessionals to teach nutrition lessons.
Choices and constraints: research goals and approaches in information retrieval (part 2)

All research projects begin with a goal, for instance to describe search behavior, to predict when a person will enter a second query, or to discover which IR system performs the best. Different research goals suggest different research approaches, ranging from field studies to lab studies to online experimentation. This tutorial will provide an overview of the different types of research goals, common evaluation approaches used to address each type, and the constraints each approach entails. Participants will come away with a broad perspective of research goals and approaches in IR, and an understanding of the benefits and limitations of these research approaches. The tutorial will take place in two independent, but interrelated parts, each focusing on a unique set of research approaches but with the same intended tutorial outcomes. These outcomes will be accomplished by deconstructing and analyzing our own published research papers, with further illustrations of each technique using the broader literature. By using our own research as anchors, we will provide insight about the research process, revealing the difficult choices and trade-offs researchers make when designing and conducting IR studies.
De Novo Development of Antibodies to Cardiac Myosin and Vimentin in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients: A Single Center Pilot Study

Purpose Pre and post heart transplant (Tx) HLA antibody (ab) surveillance has become routine. Recent studies show a relationship between donor specific HLA abs (DSA), rejection and coronary vasculopathy (CAV). Little is known about the frequency of non HLA abs to cardiac self antigens (myosin, vimentin) in pediatric heart tx recipients. Aim of this pilot study is to characterize the frequency of non HLA abs in a cohort of pediatric heart tx pts and begin to explore their association with clinical events. Methods Residual sera from 30 post tx HLA ab studies from 12 pts were available. Abs to Vimentin (Anti-V) and cardiac myosin (Anti-M) were determined using an ELISA developed in our lab. Positive (pos) values were based upon a standard curve with known concentrations of myosin or vimentin. Values > 300 ng/ml for Vimentin and > 140 ng/ml for myosin were deemed pos which is 2 standard dev from negative sera. Additionally, pre tx samples were available from 10/12 pts for ab analysis. Clinical events: rejection, cav and death were recorded along with HLA ab results from each sample. Results HLA ab sensitization was noted in pre tx sera from 5/12 (PRA 3-64%) children whereas only 1/10 had sensitization to non HLA abs prior to tx. Of the 30 post tx samples, 27 were pos for Anti-V and 28 for Anti-M; while only 7 were pos for DSA. Of those with DSA, 5 had MFI 5K. Clinically, 4 pts had no rejection, 3 had pAMR1i+ only and 5 had CR ≥ 2R and/or pAMR 2 or 3. Three pts developed CAV, two of whom died. Anti-V and Anti-M abs had a moderate correlation (R=0.649) with each other and there was a trend toward higher levels of Anti-V over time in pts with CAV and death. Table 1 includes summary data on all 12 pts; Anti-V and Anti-M ab levels are shown in tertiles. Conclusion De novo Anti-V and Anti-M abs are common post pediatric heart tx and not related to DSA. These abs may be implicated as contributing factors to detrimental clinical events post tx. The significance and prevalence of these abs post heart tx warrant further study.
Managing expectations: How stress, social support, and aging attitudes affect awareness of age-related changes:

The degree to which social support (SS) moderates the effects of stress on self-perceptions of aging may depend on individual differences in general aging attitudes. We examined how stress, differe...
In Vivo Toxicity of Local Anesthetics and Corticosteroids on Supraspinatus Tenocyte Cell Viability and Metabolism.

Background This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of commonly used injection medication combinations on supraspinatus tenocyte cell viability and tissue metabolism. Methods Twenty adult dogs underwent ultrasound guided injection of the canine equivalent of the subacromial space, based on random assignment to one of four treatment groups (n=5/group): normal saline, 1.0% lidocaine/methylprednisolone, 1.0% lidocaine/triamcinolone or 0.0625% bupivacaine/triamcinolone. Full-thickness sections of supraspinatus tendon were harvested under aseptic conditions and evaluated on days 1 and 7 post-harvest for cell viability and tissue metabolism. Data were analyzed for significant differences among groups. Results Tendons exposed to 1% lidocaine/ methylprednisolone had significantly lower cell viability at day 1 as compared to all other groups and control. All local anesthetic/ corticosteroid combination groups had decreased cell viability at day 7 when compared to the control group. Conclusions This study demonstrated significant in vivo supraspinatus tenotoxicity following a single injection of combination local anesthetic/ corticosteroid when compared to saline controls. Level of evidence Level II.
The journey of the Thai musical instruction collection at the University of California, Los Angeles

An ensemble of Thai classical instruments was first brought to UCLA by Dr. David Morton who taught in the Ethnomusicology Department. After he left UCLA, the instruments were disused for decades. In 2015, the author was hired to examine and restore the collection to a playable condition, and subsequently to re-establish the Music of Thailand ensemble class. With financial support from the Thai consulate and the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, the course is now offered regularly and the instrument collection has expanded further. The oldest of the instruments at UCLA originated from the family of a prominent teacher and are highly regarded by their descendants and considered spiritually powerful. These connections were honored with a wai khruu (‘honoring the teachers’) ceremony held at UCLA featuring a professional ensemble of musicians from Thailand. In this paper, the author will introduce the classical instruments of Thailand, their basic construction and tuning, and the process of restoring the collection at UCLA.An ensemble of Thai classical instruments was first brought to UCLA by Dr. David Morton who taught in the Ethnomusicology Department. After he left UCLA, the instruments were disused for decades. In 2015, the author was hired to examine and restore the collection to a playable condition, and subsequently to re-establish the Music of Thailand ensemble class. With financial support from the Thai consulate and the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, the course is now offered regularly and the instrument collection has expanded further. The oldest of the instruments at UCLA originated from the family of a prominent teacher and are highly regarded by their descendants and considered spiritually powerful. These connections were honored with a wai khruu (‘honoring the teachers’) ceremony held at UCLA featuring a professional ensemble of musicians from Thailand. In this paper, the author will introduce the classical instruments of Thailand, their basic construction and tuning, and the process of restoring the col...
Chapter 2 – UNANIMITY

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the Pareto criterion, and Pareto-inclusive choice rules. A very simple criterion of comparison of social welfare is associated with the name of Pareto. In this approach, the two rules are used. If everyone in the society is indifferent between two alternative social situations x and y, then the society should be indifferent too, and if at least one individual strictly prefers x to y, and every individual regards x to be at least as good as y, then the society should prefer x to y. This criterion has an obvious appeal. When (a) is satisfied, it does not matter for anyone who of the two alternatives is chosen by the society, and it is safe to choose either. One way of getting a best alternative specified from a Paretooptimal set with more than one element is to order the Paretooptimal alternatives. One may wish, for example, to take note of considerations of income distribution, as the Pareto criterion is efficiency-oriented and neutral among income distributions.
Resuming Dental and Craniomaxillofacial Surgical Missions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Guidelines and Recommendations

Study design Descriptive review article. Objective The purpose of this article is to provide guidelines and recommendations for how to safely resume dental and craniomaxillofacial STSMs. The following considerations will be discussed: the need for extensive collaboration between organizations and local leadership, the importance of COVID-19 testing, use and management of personal protective equipment, team selection and training, social distancing protocols, and criteria for patient and case selection. Methods A literature review was completed, identifying resources and current data regarding the safe resumption clinical activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results At this time, there are no protocols developed regarding the safe resumption of STSMs. Primary resources, including the CDC, WHO, and FDA should be closely monitored so that developed protocols from these recommendations reflect the latest information. Conclusion This paper outlines general considerations and recommendations for dentists, oral health specialists, and craniomaxillofacial surgeons seeking to safely resume STSMs. These recommendations are designed to minimize the risk of exposure to COVID-19 by reinforcing social distancing protocols, reviewing criteria for patient and case selections, encouraging collaboration between organizations and local leadership, and team training. These guidelines should be tailored to fit the needs of each individual mission while keeping the safety as the main objective.
Housing Search and Rental Market Intermediation

Rental brokers as the matchmakers between tenants and landlords contribute 80% of the rental listings in certain markets, but how they smooth the search friction and transmit policy impacts is not well understood. This paper is the first to use a listing-agent matched data set from an online platform to show the heterogeneous impact of the listing capacity of a broker, i.e. the agent size, on the rental market outcomes. I document that brokers with greater listing capacity are related to lower rents and shorter listing duration. The dispersion cannot be fully explained by the amenity difference of rentals and points to a sizable agent impact that a broker with greater capacity lists a rental at a lower rent. I develop a search model that features a search-and-matching process in which the capacity constraints of brokers interact with the tenant coordination friction. The capacity constraints differentiate brokers’ ability to coordinate tenant search. The smaller rent premium for listings by larger brokers reflects the capacity benefit that larger brokers coordinate tenant search better by reducing the likelihood of facing a binding capacity constraint. An endogenous agent distribution of the listing capacity, which summarizes how frictional the rental market is, arises in the model. I evaluate the counterfactual effects of two rental market policies. First, I show that expanding the brokerage sector will not benefit tenants in the search process. As the mean agent size decreases, the rental market becomes more frictional. Second, I evaluate the impact of shifting the commission liability from tenants to landlords, which is central to the New York rental market reform. As the equilibrium rent increase cannot fully compensate the commission cost on landlords, the policy decreases rental supply and makes searching tenants worse off. I characterize the optimal allocation of the broker’s fee and show that brokers with greater listing capacity should list more rentals with the fee paid by landlords.
Asymmetric Catalytic Ketimine Mannich Reactions and Related Transformations.

The catalytic enantioselective ketimine Mannich and its related reactions provide direct access to chiral building blocks bearing an α-tertiary amine stereogenic center, a ubiquitous structural motif in nature. Although ketimines are often viewed as challenging electrophiles, various approaches/strategies to circumvent or overcome the adverse properties of ketimines have been developed for these transformations. This review showcases the selected examples that highlight the benefits and utilities of various ketimines and remaining challenges associated with them in the context of Mannich, allylation, and aza-Morita–Baylis–Hillman reactions as well as their variants.
Inheritance Studies of Amylose Content, Yield and Grain Quality Characters in Different Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)

Breeding for produced new rice varieties with good grain quality especially for low amylose content has become one of the most important goals in plant breeding programmes. In this experiment, three rice genotypes(Giza178, Giza175 and IR64) were used as a perants to study the inheritance amylose content, heritabilityand genetic parameters for grain yield per plant, 1000-grains weight, grain length, grain shape, hulling%, milling%, head rice% and gelatinization temperature characters. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replications for six generations viz., P1, P2, F1, F2, BCP1 and BCP2 of a cross between Giza 178 (low amylose content) x Giza 175 (high amylose content) (cross I) and Giza178 (low amylose content) x IR64 (intermediate amylose content) (cross II) were used for the study. The results showed that the F1 plants of cross I gave intermediate amylose content in the endosperm 22.58%, while, the amylose content of F2 plants varied from 13.10 to 35%. and classified into two categories, i.e. 13.10-19 % and 20.50 -35 %.. These results indicated that high amylose content was incompletely dominant over low amylose. Cross II (Giza 178/IR64) low amylose content parent (Giza178) and intermediate amylose parent (IR64) gave 19.84% amylose content in F1 plants, while in F2 grains amylose values ranged from9.5 to 24.1. The plants could be classified into 3 categories. Category 1 with 9.5% - 11% a, category 2 (14.5-19.05%) and Category 3 (21.1-24.1%). Selection for intermediary segregates would be ineffective because the dosage effects would dissipate in further generations.
Preexisting immune-mediated inflammatory disease is associated with improved survival and increased toxicity in melanoma patients who receive immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common, clinically significant autoinflammatory toxicities observed with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Preexisting immune-mediated inflammatory disease (pre-IMID) is considered a relative contraindication to ICI due to the risk of inciting flares. Improved understanding of the risks and benefits of treating pre-IMID patients with ICI is needed. Methods We studied melanoma patients treated with ICI and enrolled in a prospective clinicopathological database. We compiled a list of 23 immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and evaluated their presence prior to ICI. We tested the associations between pre-IMID and progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and irAEs. Results In total, 483 melanoma patients were included in the study; 74 had pre-IMID and 409 did not. In patients receiving ICI as a standard of care (SoC), pre-IMID was significantly associated with irAEs (p = 0.04) as well as improved PFS (p = 0.024) and OS (p = 0.007). There was no significant association between pre-IMID and irAEs (p = 0.54), PFS (p = 0.197), or OS (p = 0.746) in patients treated through a clinical trial. Pre-IMID was significantly associated with improved OS in females (p = 0.012), but not in males (p = 0.35). Conclusions The dichotomy of the impact of pre-IMID on survival and irAEs in SoC versus clinical trial patients may reflect the inherit selection bias in patients accrued in clinical trials. Future mechanistic work is required to better understand the differences in outcomes between female and male pre-IMID patients. Our data challenge the notion that clinicians should avoid ICI in pre-IMID patients, although close monitoring and prospective clinical trials evaluating ICI in this population are warranted.
Unexpected changes in birth experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for maternal mental health.

This study examined the rates of unexpected birth experiences due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with women’s postpartum mental health symptoms (depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD). Our cross-sectional analysis included postpartum women (N = 506) who reported on birth plan changes attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic through the PEACE (Perinatal Experiences and COVID-19 Effects) Study, an online survey that took place between May 2020 and May 2021. Covariates included sociodemographic variables, number of days since the pandemic, pre-pregnancy mental health history, and protective factors such as social support, distress tolerance, and resilience. Prevalent COVID-19 pandemic changes in the birth experience included not having support people (e.g., partners and friends) permitted to participate in the baby’s delivery (33.5%), reduced access to preferred medications before or after delivery (9.7%), unavailable health care providers for the baby’s birth as planned (9.6%), and other changes (13.8%). The reduced access to medications was associated with those reporting higher levels of depressive (β = .10, p < .01) and PTSD symptoms (β = .07, p < .05). Separation from their baby for a long period after delivery (β = .10, p < .05) and other changes (β = .10, p < .01) were associated with higher levels of PTSD symptoms. Unexpected changes to the birth experience due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have small but persistent effects on depressive and PTSD symptoms. Given increased vigilance and its association with subsequent PTSD, acknowledging any fear of viral contagion within the hospital setting but informing women the plans for ensuring safety may be preventive for later mental health symptomatology.
Working at the Seams of Colonial Structures: Alternative Sociotechnical Infrastructures Revealed by Hurricane Maria:

This study explains why and how Puerto Rican activists responded effectively to the crisis in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. By relying on a structural approach, this study analyzes the local in...
Maturation of Penaeus vannamei Based Upon a Survey

Captive maturation and reproduction of Penaeus vannamei, a popularly cultured penaeid shrimp, was first achieved in 1977. Based upon interviews of 18 facility managers, average conditions are as follows: tank diameter of 4.6 m (15 ft), 100% water exchange with recirculation, temperature 27-29°C. salinity 28-32 ppt, and a photoperiod of 13-14 hours of light. Broodstock are predominately wild, undergo unilateral eyestalk ablation by enuculation, and are stocked at five per square meter with a 1:l sex ratio. Penaeus vannamei at most facilities are fed squid, pellets and bloodworms four times daily and 3-7% of the females are found to be mated per night and 50% of the eggs are expected to hatch. Most facility managers anticipate some misplaced and some melanization of smmataphores.
Hobbes and performatives

Since Howard Warrender published his influential and stimulating The Political Philosophy of Hobbes: His Theory of Obligation in 1957 there have come to the foreground certain problems of the relationship of language to politics in Hobbes. This paper discusses one such relationship: performative utterances. Hobbes' view of performatives or speech acts is central in that if he is taken to hold them in an Austinean manner, as Warranderreads Hobbes, then Hobbes is squarely in the natural law tradition. This jeopardizes Hobbes' originality and, therefore, erodes his claim to have founded a scienceof politics. This paper does not agree with Warrender. It is contended here that Hobbes' performatives are not like those of John Austin's in the crucial case of the sovereign. The historical question as to whether or to what extent Hobbes anticipated Austin's useful diseussions of perform. atives is not this paper's concern. Ai>a matter of fact, Austin states that the notion did not originate with him but is common to the English legal tradition where, he tells us, a performative is called an "operative." For present purposes the focus is on (1) how performatives are differently conceived by Austin and Hobbes and, (2) the place that Hobbes' performatives -for the sovereignhave in his political theory. Initially, let us attend to Austin's characterization of performatives as
Segmental duplications and the evolution of the primate genome

Initial human genome sequence analysis has revealed large segments of nearly identical sequence in particular chromosomal regions. The recent origin of these segments and their abundance (approximately 5%) has challenged investigators to elucidate their underlying mechanism and role in primate genome evolution. Although the precise fraction is unknown, some of these duplicated segments have recently been shown to be associated with rapid gene innovation and chromosomal rearrangement in the genomes of man and the great apes.
Desenvolvimentos Recentes No Direito Constitucional Chinês

China's on-rolling experience of sub-national administrative regions raised expectations on a peaceful unification of China and Taiwan, based in the German political experience. In this article the author stresses that are, noteworthing, constitutional constraints that made the experience of the Special Administrative Regions less trustful.
The I Ching Onto/Axio-Genesis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process: Decisions, Negotiations and Conflict Resolutions

Abstract The Xici's statement that “Yi has the taiji, taiji generates two norms, two norms generates four forms and four forms generates eight trigrams” represents a process of ontogenesis based on the following principles: the principle of primordial totality, the principle of contrary polarity, and the principle of continuous division, What makes this process possible is a matter of ontocosmological observation and comprehension which we may identify with the process and goal of guan (comprehensive-contemplative observation). This ontogenetic process not only generates the 8 triagrams and 64 triagrams but also generates a relationship network of polaristic positions with different histories of derivation. This can be regarded as the world of forms of nature as actually given. This is also the world of representation and world of description. Furthermore this is a world of “feeling and response” (gan-ying) which makes our description of forms in basic yin-yang paradigms possible.
SPONGY DEGENERATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM (CANAVAN'S DISEASE) Report of a Case in an Irish-American Family

The clinical and pathological findings in a case of spongy degeneration of the nervous system (Canavan9s disease) occurring in an Irish family are presented. The literature is reviewed and the clinical findings that would aid in diagnosis are discussed.
Quantitative phagocytosis by neutrophils. II. Release of the C5-cleaving enzyme and inhibition of phagocytosis by rheumatoid factor.

By using the radiolabeled immune complex method for studying phagocytosis by neutrophils, release of the following lysosomal enzymes has been demonstrated: the C5-cleaving enzyme, β glucuronidase, and acid phosphatase. Enzyme release is directly proportional to cell uptake of immune complexes and is suppressed in antigen excess. It has also been shown that human IgM rheumatoid factor, but not IgM lacking in rheumatoid factor activity, inhibits phagocytic uptake of immune complexes and, correspondingly, depresses the release of lysosomal enzymes.