cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Estimation of time-varying discharge and cumulative volume in individual overtopping waves

Abstract The time variation of discharge per unit dike length in an overtopping wave is characterized by a rapid increase to a maximum discharge that can be several times greater than the mean discharge, followed by a slower decrease in discharge until overtopping for that wave ceases. Measurements of wave overtopping acquired during the European small-scale FlowDike experiments were analyzed to identify individual overtopping waves using a two-step “supervised” procedure that combines the best features of automated wave determination augmented with manual error correction and validation. The result was a well-vetted data set of 5799 individual overtopping waves represented by time-series of flow depth and velocity near the seaward edge of the dike crest. The model dikes had planar seaward dike slopes of either 1V-on-3H or 1V-on-6H. Instantaneous discharge time series were calculated as the product of the flow thickness and velocity time series. In this paper, the two-parameter Weibull probability density function is adopted to represent the time variation of instantaneous discharge in an overtopping wave. Values of the Weibull scale factors, a , and shape factors, b , are obtained through nonlinear best-fitting of the Weibull equation to all 5799 waves. Best fits were also performed for the simpler Rayleigh version of the Weibull equation when b = 2. An empirical equation was developed for scale factor, a , in terms of predicable parameters of the overtopping waves. The shape factor, b , could not be successfully parameterized, but it was found that the shape factors are narrowly distributed about the Rayleigh value of b = 2. Predictions of time-varying discharge made using the Weibull equation with b = 2 (i.e., Rayleigh equation) are assessed in terms of the root-mean-square errors between predictions and measurements. The estimates are reasonable for most of the waves. The capability to estimate the time-varying discharge in individual overtopping waves will improve the art of full-scale wave overtopping simulation, and the resulting empirical equations will contribute to methodologies aimed at quantifying the resiliency of dike erosion protection.
Developing Digital Literacy in the Middle School Classroom

ABSTRACTStudents are growing up in a digital world where technology is constantly changing and evolving. However, their use of these technologies is often more social rather than academically as a way to advance their understanding of key concepts or skills as it relates to instructional content. Teachers know how to teach, and our students are definitely not afraid of digital tools, so our job as teachers is to merge good, sound teaching practices with media that helps students tap into the digital world in which they live. This article shares the process that was followed as 36 Grade 7 and Grade 8 students participated in a 9-week digital media course. The framework of the course used a highly scaffolded format that incorporated various technology tools while also exposing students to aspects of language arts and process writing. Throughout the 9-week course, the role of teacher and students constantly shifted as new roles were taken on by “experts” (the students) who emerged as part of the process.
Waypoint planning for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with Terrain Relative Navigation

Planning routes, defined by a series of commanded waypoints between a start and goal location, for return-to-site missions using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with Terrain Relative Navigation is particularly challenging due to the dependence of the navigation estimate on the path flown. Waypoints must be selected to ensure the vehicle has an accurate TRN navigation estimate to arrive at the intended target site with a high probability. This probability can be estimated using Monte Carlo simulation and used to optimize the vehicle route. An Upper Confidence Bound can also be used in the optimization to decrease the number of simulations when compared to a brute force search. For the example return-to-site mission at Portuguese Ledge, the optimization significantly increases the expected probability of ending at the target site when compared the straight line route.
1800s The Great Explorers

In the 18th and 19th centuries, the earth beyond England, Europe, and the Orient contained unimaginable biological diversity that merited exploration and documentation. Much that attracted the explorers are related to animal behavior.
Improving Surgical Complications and Patient Safety at the Nation's Largest Military Hospital: An Analysis of National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Data.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The U.S. Military Health System cares for over 9 million patients and encompasses 63 hospitals and 413 clinics worldwide. Military medicine balances the simultaneous tasks of caring for those patients wounded in military engagements, treating large numbers of families of service men and women, and training the next generation of health care providers and ancillary staff. Similar to civilian health care delivery in the United States, military medicine has also seen increased scrutiny in the areas of cost and quality. In 2014, the U.S. military medical health care system was criticized for higher than average surgical complication rates and concerns regarding patient safety, quality of care, lack of transparency, and compartmentalized leadership. The San Antonio Military Medical Center was specifically cited as having “a perennial problem with surgical infection control…the infection rate of surgical wounds was 77% higher than expected given the mix of cases, according to a Pentagon-o...
The Sociological Insight of W.E.B. Du Bois

W.E.B. Du Bois discussed key aspects of the new field of sociology in his early writings. This article presents Du Bois’ conception of the developing field and his sociological perspective based on nine of his key original sociological writings. Rather than generating theoretical formulations and studying abstract concepts, Du Bois insisted that sociology be an empirical science adhering to the methods utilized by the physical sciences. Sociology's major objectives are to study the “deeds of men” and to provide a science of human action. Sociological research seeks the discovery of “truth” which can form the basis of social policy. Noting that the regularity of human behavior is evidence of laws and acknowledging that human behavior is also subject to chance factors, sociology must seek to determine the limits of each. Du Bois’ research methods, based on methodological triangulation, were formulated to provide the “truths” which he eagerly sought. Du Bois was convinced that these truths were worth knowing and that sociology had the promise of becoming one of the “greatest sciences.” Attention directed toward Du Bois’ key sociological writings within sociology curricula will introduce current and future readers to the groundbreaking sociological work of the pioneer sociologist.
Fear from the bottom up

Two groups demonstrate the importance of inputs from the amygdala to the medial prefrontal cortex for signaling aversion across a range of behaviors and motivational drives.
On Anamorphic Adaptations and the Children of Men

In this article, I expand upon Slavoj Zižek’s “anamorphic” reading of Alfonso Cuaron’s Children of Men (2006). In this reading, Zižek distinguishes between the film’s ostensible narrative structure, the “foreground,” as he calls it, and the “background,” wherein the social and spiritual dissolution endemic to Cuaron’s dystopian England draws the viewer into a recognition of the dire conditions plaguing the post-9/11, post-Iraq invasion, neoliberal world. The foreground plots the conventional trajectory of the main character Theo from ordinary, disaffected man to self-sacrificing hero, one whose martyrdom might pave the way for a new era of regeneration. According to Zižek, in this context the foreground merely entertains, while propagating some well-worn cliches about heroic individualism as demonstrated through Hollywood’s generic conventions of an action-adventure/political thriller/science-fiction film. Zižek contends that these conventions are essential to the revelation of the film’s progressive politics, as “the fate of the individual hero is the prism through which … [one] see[s] the background even more sharply.” Zižek’s framing of Theo merely as a “prism” limits our understanding of the film by not taking into account its status as an adaptation of P.D. James’ The Children of Men (1992). This article offers such an account by interpreting the differences between the film and its literary source as one informed by the transition from Cold War to post-9/11 neoliberal conceptions of identity and politics. To articulate the terms of this argument and its implications, I turn to another narrative depicting the identity and politics at the end of history, Francis Fukuyama’s infamous The End of History and the Last Man (1992), published the same year as James’ novel, both offering meditations on the Cold War and speculations (albeit on different registers) on its aftermath. Incorporating these two texts into Zižek’s anamorphic paradigm contributes to our understanding of the film’s message regarding the “state of things” during the post-9/11 era, as well as the Cold War era that preceded it, as perceived through the eyes of Theo adapted to suit the respective dystopian conditions of the novel and film.
NUÑEZ GONZÁLEZ, Cayetano: Prevención de riesgos laborales en Chile. Alcance y contenido del artículo 184 del Código del Trabajo, (Prólogo de Irene Rojas Miño), Librotecnia, Santiago de Chile, 2013.

NUNEZ GONZALEZ, Cayetano: Prevencion de riesgos laborales en Chile. Alcance y contenido del articulo 184 del Codigo del Trabajo, (Prologo de Irene Rojas Mino), Librotecnia, Santiago de Chile, 2013.
Airborne Precautions and Personal Protective Equipment: The Powered Air-Purifying Respirator-Only Approach

Airborne isolation of patients and use of respirators are a foundational strategy to prevent transmission of pathogens like tuberculosis and novel respiratory viruses via airborne route in healthcare settings. Healthcare personnel respiratory protection programs utilize respirators, which may or may not require fit testing for each individual. This chapter reviews the different types of respirators, which include the more common N95 respirator masks and the somewhat less commonly used powered air-purifying respirators, and the levels of protection offered by each type. The chapter also reviews considerations and controversies regarding use of N95 respirators and PAPRs and situations when a PAPR-only approach might work. In each healthcare facility, the epidemiology and risk assessment of the facility, available evidence in published literature, and certain regulatory standards must inform the clinical policies, protocols, and procedures. Key unanswered questions and further areas for research are outlined.
Bodenmechanische Probleme bei der Entwurfsbearbeitung und der Bauausführung

Der Stoff der Teile A und B umfast alles, was heute unter dem Begriff „Bodenmechanik“ verstanden wird. Die Bodenmechanik ist ihrerseits wieder ein kleines Teilgebiet des grosen Wissensgebietes der angewandten Mechanik.
Representation of the motion of the top by elliptic functions.

While our primary interest has been directed until now toward the geometric and mechanical understanding of the motion of the top, the tone of this chapter will be set by the analytical side of our problem. It is inevitable that the corresponding developments will be abstract, and will first appear to lie farther than the previous from the reality of the mechanical processes, even if we renounce, as we must for the sake of brevity, a thorough rigor and completeness in the function-theoretical considerations. In the following, mathematics should not exclusively serve the interest of mechanics, but rather mechanics should, at the same time, be used for the illustration of a mathematical theory, the theory of elliptic functions.
Wavelet Technology in Vehicle Power Management

The wavelet technology is introduced in this book for to the vehicle power management system by the authors for the first time. It can identify the high-frequency transients and real time power demand of the drive line. By using the wavelet transform, a proper power demand combination can be achieved for power sources in all types of hybrid vehicles. The objective of the wavelet-based power management strategy is to improve system efficiency and life expectancy of power sources (i.e., the fuel cell and battery), usually in the presence of various constraints due to drivability requirements and component characteristics. This chapter depicts the fundamental concepts of wavelets and filter banks for the design of the vehicle power management system. The feasibility analysis and detailed process of the wavelet-based vehicle power management strategy are given for various types of vehicle configurations. Additionally, the application of the wavelets for vehicle real-time environment is demonstrated.
Inducing Homogeneity in the Audit Services Market: A Cross-Industry Analysis

In an earlier study on the audit services market, I showed that an individual client firm's likelihood of imitation in auditor selection systematically varied along with its relative position among competing peers within the industry. This paper extends that finding to the aggregate industry level by shifting the analytical focus from within-industry to between-industry variation. The data on 2254 auditor–client pairs across 45 manufacturing industries in the United States are examined to specify the social structural conditions under which the firms are more, or less, likely to produce the outcome of isomorphism. In general, the more hierarchically stratified an industry, the more likely it is to have a highly homogeneous practice among the firms within it. Inequality leads to and exacts behavioral homogeneity. There is, however, a threshold in the relationship between the aggregate homogeneity and the industry structure: When the disparity between the top and middle tiers is too large, the social reference process breaks down and the level of homogeneity declines. This industry-level finding complements the earlier firm-level finding and empirically substantiates the mechanism of mimetic isomorphism, further elaborating the theory.
Psychosocial Evaluation of the Patient Considered for Lung Transplant

The key components of a psychosocial evaluation for lung transplant involve assessment of a patient’s emotional status, motivation, ability to cope with psychosocial stressors, adherence history, care support plan, psychiatric stability, and substance use history. This chapter will cover these core components highlighting common scenarios and organizing frameworks to approach this work. It will discuss how a thorough understanding of the patient’s life outside of the medical setting provides valuable information that can be used in assessment, treatment, and preparation for transplantation. A patient’s social system must be evaluated for the difficult process of transplantation and in some cases supported and fostered prior to listing. Further, although not necessary in all individuals, a complete psychiatric assessment with treatment plan can help avoid negative outcomes or enable unlikely candidates to successfully complete the transplant.
Effect modification of ambient particle mortality by radon: A time series analysis in 108 U.S. cities.

Numerous studies have reported a positive association between ambient fine particles and daily mortality, but little is known about the particle properties or environmental factors that may contrib...
Mujeres en Movimiento. Deporte, cultura física y feminidades. Argentina, 1870-1980 [Women in Movement. Sport, physical culture and femininities. Argentina, 1870-1980].

Mujeres en Movimiento. Deporte, cultura fisica y feminidades. Argentina, 1870-1980 : [Women in Movement. Sport, physical culture and femininities. Argentina, 1870-1980]
Does the Likely Demographics of Affordable Housing [Motivate] NIMBYism

I must begin by thanking the authors of these three coauthored responses for their passionate, well-documented, and finely argued rebuttals to our article (Wassmer & Wahid, 2019), which I received ...
X-Efficiency Theory: 1

In the last chapter we examined data (seemingly) inconsistent with orthodox neoclassical theory, as well as Leibenstein’s initial attempt to provide a explanation for these data. In the next two chapters we will analyze this explanation—XE theory—in more detail.1
Phenology models using herbarium specimens are only slightly improved by using finer-scale stages of reproduction

Premise of the study Herbarium specimens are increasingly used to study reproductive phenology. Here, we ask whether classifying reproduction into progressively finer-scale stages improves our understanding of the relationship between climate and reproductive phenology. Methods We evaluated Acer rubrum herbarium specimens across eastern North America, classifying them into eight reproductive phenophases and four stages of leaf development. We fit models with different reproductive phenology categorization schemes (from detailed to broad) and compared model fits and coefficients describing temperature, elevation, and year effects. We fit similar models to leaf phenology data to compare reproductive to leafing phenology. Results Finer-scale reproductive phenophases improved model fits and provided more precise estimates of reproductive phenology. However, models with fewer reproductive phenophases led to similar qualitative conclusions, demonstrating that A. rubrum reproduces earlier in warmer locations, lower elevations, and in recent years, as well as that leafing phenology is less strongly influenced by temperature than is reproductive phenology. Discussion Our study suggests that detailed information on reproductive phenology provides a fuller understanding of potential climate change effects on flowering, fruiting, and leaf-out. However, classification schemes with fewer reproductive phenophases provided many similar insights and may be preferable in cases where resources are limited.
Working with cyclical relational patterns in contemporary psychodynamic psychotherapy

Abstract In this chapter we trace the evolution of new and emerging ways of working with patients’ cyclical relational patterns, away from the variably and inconsistently defined meta-psychological term transference and toward a more descriptive and experience near processing of in-session, here-and-now content. We suggest a more contemporary term, therapeutic immediacy , which involves any discussion within the therapy session about the relationship between therapist and patient that occurs in the here-and-now as well as processing what occurs in the here-and-now therapeutic relationship. We review this concept in general and relate it specifically to aspects of therapist self-disclosure, countertransference, the rupture-and-repair process, and the notion of the corrective emotional/relational experience. Research evidence and applied clinical examples are provided. We suggest that the most curative aspect of here-and-now in-session processing of the therapeutic relationship is the opportunity for an examined, in vivo emotional-relational interaction that can provide a template for more adaptive interpersonal functioning.
Risks of Long-Term Auto Loans

Long-term auto loans have become increasingly popular in the past decade. We find that consumers use these loans to obtain larger auto loans with lower monthly payments. After controlling for the observed risk factors typically available during the underwriting process, auto loans with maturities beyond five years have higher delinquency rates than shorter termed loans during each year in their lifetimes. These findings suggest that the financial constraints faced by borrowers of long-term auto loans are not fully captured by the borrower characteristics readily observable. We further find that the yield curve among auto loans is inverted, suggesting that a significant fraction of relative credit risks among auto loans are not reflected in pricing.
Des microcosmes sociaux dans l’œuvre de Maylis de Kerangal

Novels by Maylis de Kerangal tend to depict specific microcosms. Two novels will retain our attention here: Corniche Kennedy and Birth of a Bridge. Corniche Kennedy immediately introduces the conce...
BPIFB1 loss alters airway mucus properties and diminishes mucociliary clearance

Airway mucociliary clearance (MCC) is required for host defense and often diminished in chronic lung diseases. Effective clearance depends upon coordinated actions of the airway epithelium and a mobile mucus layer. Dysregulation of the primary secreted airway mucin proteins, MUC5B and MUC5AC, is associated with a reduction in the rate of MCC; however, how other secreted proteins impact the integrity of the mucus layer and MCC remains unclear. We previously identified the gene Bpifb1/Lplunc1 as a regulator of airway MUC5B levels using genetic approaches. Here, we show that BPIFB1 is required for normal mucociliary clearance in vivo using Bpifb1 knockout (KO) mice. Reduced MCC in Bpifb1 KO mice occurred in the absence of defects in sodium or chloride ion transport or reduced ciliary beat frequency. BPIFB1 loss resulted in airway mucus flakes with significantly increased complex viscosity, a key biophysical property of mucus known to impact MCC. Finally, we detected colocalization of BPIFB1 and MUC5B in secretory granules in mice and in the protein mesh of secreted mucus in human airway cultures. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that BPIFB1 is an important component of the mucociliary apparatus in mice and a key component of the mucus protein network.
The Acquisition of English Anaphoric Expressions by Adult Chinese Speakers

The present study has investigated the occurrence of the English anaphoric expressions, he/she, in L2 grammars. Adult Chinese learners of English were evaluated on whether they were able to provide a correct semantic interpretation of these pronouns when they appeared in complex sentences (subordinate + matrix) and correlative structures. Results have shown that L2 learners did not encounter any major difficulties in identifying the appropriate antecedents of these pronominal forms and were almost as accurate as English native speakers. This positive acquisition scenario clearly indicates that a correct reference production of English anaphors is attainable despite the visible differences between the two languages. Theoretically, it seems to support some form of Continuity in SLA; it is also consistent with the idea that internal interface phenomena are fully acquirable and are not subject to fossilization (Interface Theory, Sorace in Biling Lang Cogn 7:143–145, 2004; Linguist Approaches Biling 1:1–33, 2011). Furthermore, L2 structures partially present in L1 grammar are attainable without necessarily relying on learners’ first language (contra Failed Functional Features Hypothesis, Hawkins and Chan in Second Lang Res 13:187–226, 1997). In fact, contrary to previous L2 studies, no visible L1 transfer effects were observed in the data.
Invite Only VR: A Vaping Prevention Game: An Evidence-Based VR Game for Health and Behavior Change

Invite Only VR: A Vaping Prevention Game is a virtual reality (VR) videogame intervention focused on e-cigarette prevention in teens. To our knowledge, Invite Only VR is the first theory-driven e-cigarette prevention game to be developed for a VR platform, making it unique among the limited pool of existing e-cigarette intervention programs for adolescents. Invite Only VR capitalizes on the use of VR by delivering an intervention that arms teens to deal with peer-pressure situations surrounding e-cigarettes. VR is especially well-suited to this type of intervention because VR facilitates greater social presence, the subjective experience of being present with a “real” person, than other forms of technology. Invite Only VR not only simulates the presence of plausible peers, but it also uses voice recognition software throughout the game to allow the player to practice refusing peers in real time using their own voice. The game was developed with input from 4 focus groups comprised of 5 adolescents each to create a game narrative and situations that would feel authentic to the target audience. This careful background research ensured that the virtual characters would behave in the manner expected by players and use the appropriate colloquialisms when speaking about e-cigarettes. The intervention is currently being evaluated in a non-randomized cluster trial with 285 middle school students. Preliminary feasibility testing conducted on a prototype of the game indicates that playing Invite Only VR increases player e-cigarette knowledge and perceptions of e-cigarette harm. Moreover, teens who played the game reported a lower likelihood of experimenting with e-cigarettes in the future. In this initial evaluation, 83% of players agreed that they enjoyed playing the game and 78% said they would tell their friends to play, suggesting that Invite Only VR is an engaging way to convey the dangers of e-cigarettes to youth.
Exciting progress of cancer immunotherapy focusing on immune checkpoints

Immune checkpoints blockade (ICB) has made revolutionary progress in cancer therapy recently. The development of blocking agents to checkpoints on coinhibitory pathway, which prevents inflammation-induced tissue damage but also induces the cancer immune evasion, and retrieves the productive immune responses against tumors. The striking clinical trial results of ICB, by targeting the cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), has promoted the approval of multiple antibodies for several cancer types by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In addition, the combination of multiple types of blockade even increased the efficacy of tumor regression. Following the previous success, other immune checkpoints have also been verified, such as lymphocyte-activated gene-3 (LAG-3) and Signal-regulatory Protein alpha (SIRPα). However, not all patients can get benefits from ICB and the mechanisms of these coinhibitory pathways are not quite clear. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of ICB is a formidable challenge that could have far reaching guidelines for therapeutic strategies in cancer. This article summarizes the literature to date regarding ICB that may help more patients get benefit from immunotherapy.
Isolation and culture of fetal porcine myogenic cells and the effect of insulin, IGF-I, and sera on protein turnover in porcine myotube cultures.

Porcine myogenic cells isolated from 50 to 55-d porcine fetuses were frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen until they were needed to establish cultures. Approximately 75.8 +/- .59% of the clonal cultures established from these frozen stocks produced myotubes and 60.8 +/- 2.3% of the nuclei in differentiated mass cultures were in myotubes. Differentiated cultures contained higher levels of creatine phosphokinase activity than undifferentiated cultures. Additionally, differentiated cultures incorporated [35S]methionine into putative myosin heavy chain, alpha-actinin, and actin more rapidly than did undifferentiated cultures. Insulin, insulin-like growth factor I, and sera stimulated total protein synthesis rate and decreased total protein degradation rate in myotube cultures. Based on our initial characterization, we believe that we have developed an effective and practical procedure for isolating and culturing fetal porcine myogenic cells.
FAR-ULTRAVIOLET DETECTION OF THE SUSPECTED SUBDWARF COMPANION TO THE Be STAR 59 CYGNI

We report on the detection of a hot subdwarf component in the Be binary system, 59 Cygni. The spectral signature is found in cross-correlation functions of photospheric model spectra with far-ultraviolet spectra obtained by the International Ultraviolet Explorer Satellite, and we used radial velocities from the cross-correlation functions to determine a double-lined spectroscopic orbit. The individual spectra of the binary components were extracted using a Doppler tomography algorithm. The flux of the system is dominated by the rapidly rotating Be star. However, the subdwarf contributes approximately 4% of the UV flux, and its spectrum bears a strong resemblance to that of the hot sdO star BD +75°325. Based on the appearance of the UV spectrum and the orbital elements, we present estimates for the stellar masses, radii, and temperatures. The presence of the hot companion causes excess emission from the outer part of the Be disk facing the companion. We present a set of red spectra that show the orbital phase variations of the He I λ6678 emission formed in the heated region of the disk, which probably occurs near the disk outer boundary. 59 Cygni, FY Canis Majoris, and Persei comprise the known set of Be binaries with detected hot evolved companions, which are the stripped down remains of mass transfer. Their properties demonstrate that some fraction of Be stars were spun up through angular momentum transfer by Roche lobe overflow.
Human-Autonomy Teaming with Learning Capable Agents: Performance and Workload Outcomes

Each of twenty participants teamed with a learning capable agent to conduct a threat classification task. The agent’s reasoning and learning transparency varied across four scenarios. Access to agent reasoning transparency improved task performance as assessed by percent of correct classifications. Agent learning transparency of inferred knowledge improved task response time and reduced cognitive workload. However, when the human was burdened with directly teaching the agent, task completion time and perceived workload increased dramatically, while satisfaction in task performance decreased. These findings indicate that when teamed with learning capable agents, human performance and workload are best supported when the autonomy can derive its needed information with minimal human input.
P2 Farmers Feeding Utah: An Innovative Approach to Increasing Healthy Food Access and Supporting Local Agriculture

Farmers Feeding Utah (FFU) aims to help Utah farmers and families who have been impacted by COVID-19. FFU temporarily improves participants' food security, increases the availability of fresh, local food in pantries, and provides product outlets for farmers. Utah has seen a 300% increase in the need for food assistance since the onset of COVID-19 in March 2020. Additionally, processing shortages and market losses have left many Utah farmers without a market for their products. FFU provides a food system change that connects families in need to fresh, local food. FFU is targeted towards food insecure families and struggling farmers. Families experiencing intergenerational poverty are given priority at the food distribution events. Locations for FFU events are identified by need, based on increases in unemployment and SNAP enrollment. FFU is a partnership between the Miracle of Agriculture Foundation, Utah Farm Bureau, and Utah's SNAP-Ed program, Create Better Health. Individual and corporate donations are collected to purchase nutrient-dense, locally produced foods to distribute to those in need. FFU collects outcome data at the distribution events, including the household size of those reached and effective marketing strategies. Additionally, the number of farmers and food pantries supported by the program and pounds of food donated are collected. To date, FFU has held 8 food distributions across the state of Utah, including in the Navajo Nation. Over 1.1 million pounds of food, including produce, meat, poultry, eggs, nuts, and live sheep, have been distributed to over 21,000 families and 25 food pantries. The program has supported 27 Utah farmers. While FFU was developed in response to COVID-19, the need for food system changes to better connect individuals experiencing food insecurity with local products will remain beyond the pandemic. FFU is dedicated to finding sustainable solutions towards a more equitable regional food system. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
A Place for Plant-Based Nutrition in US Medical School Curriculum: A Survey-Based Study:

Purpose. To evaluate medical students’ and family medicine residents’ perceptions of their current degree of nutrition training in general and regarding a whole-foods, plant-based (WFPB) diet. Meth...
Management and short-term outcomes of neonates born to mothers with active perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection.

OBJECTIVE: We report here on the management and outcomes of neonates born to mothers with active perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection. STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective study, eligible neonates were enrolled in a database to track in-hospital outcomes and followed up outpatient periodically till 2 months of age to assess for late onset symptoms of infection. RESULTS: From April 2020 to February 2021, 67 mothers with perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and 70 at-risk neonates were included. Two neonates (3%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within 48 h of life but remained asymptomatic during hospitalization and at all follow-up periods. Three infants were reported to have a febrile illness in 2 months follow up period, none of which was attributable to SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSION: Our data supports the emerging evidence which describes a probable low risk of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We also demonstrate a low risk of post-natal transmission or late-onset symptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2.
Penalized Cox’s proportional hazards model for high-dimensional survival data with grouped predictors

The rapid development of next-generation sequencing technologies has made it possible to measure the expression profiles of thousands of genes simultaneously. Often, there exist group structures among genes manifesting biological pathways and functional relationships. Analyzing such high-dimensional and structural datasets can be computationally expensive and results in the complicated models that are hard to interpret. To address this, variable selection such as penalized methods are often taken. Here, we focus on the Cox’s proportional hazards model to deal with censoring data. Most of the existing penalized methods for Cox’s model are the group lasso methods that show deficiencies, including the over-shrinkage problem. In addition, the contemporary algorithms either exhibit the loss of efficiency or require the group-wise orthonormality assumption. Hence, efficient algorithms for general design matrices are needed to enable practical applications. In this paper, we investigate and comprehensively evaluate three group penalized methods for Cox’s model: the group lasso and two nonconvex penalization methods—group SCAD and group MCP—that have several advantages over the group lasso. These methods are able to perform group selection in both non-overlapping and overlapping cases. We have developed the fast and stable algorithms and a new package grpCox to fit these models without the initial orthonormalization step. The runtime of grpCox is improved significantly over the existing packages, such as grpsurv (for the non-overlapping case), grpregOverlap (overlapping), and SGL. In addition, grpCox is better than grpsurv and comparable with SGL in terms of variable selection performances. Comprehensive studies on both simulation and real-world cancer datasets demonstrate the statistical properties of our grpCox implementations with the group lasso, SCAD, and MCP regularization terms.
Strict adherence to Mendel's First Law across a large sample of human sperm genomes

Mendel9s Law of Segregation states that the offspring of a diploid, heterozygous parent will inherit either allele with equal probability. While the vast majority of loci adhere to this rule, research in model and non-model organisms has uncovered numerous exceptions whereby "selfish" alleles are disproportionately transmitted to the next generation. Evidence of such "transmission distortion" (TD) in humans remains equivocal in part because scans of human pedigrees have been under-powered to detect small effects. Recently published single-cell sequencing data from individual human sperm (n = 41,189; 969-3,377 cells from each of 25 donors) offer an opportunity to revisit this question with unprecedented statistical power, but require new methods tailored to extremely low-coverage data (~0.01× per cell). To this end, we developed a method, named rhapsodi, that leverages sparse gamete genotype data to phase the diploid genomes of the donor individuals, impute missing gamete genotypes, and discover meiotic recombination breakpoints, benchmarking its performance across a wide range of study designs. After applying rhapsodi to the sperm sequencing data, we then scanned the gametes for evidence of TD. Our results exhibited close concordance with binomial expectations under balanced transmission, in contrast to tenuous signals of TD that were previously reported in pedigree-based studies. Together, our work excludes the existence of even weak TD in this sample, while offering a powerful quantitative framework for testing this and related hypotheses in other cohorts and study systems.
Feedrate deviations caused by hopper refill of loss-in-weight feeders

Abstract Continuous powder processing requires accurate and consistent feed streams of the raw materials which makes loss-in-weight feeders invaluable. Periodic hopper refill of the feeders, which is needed for continuous operation, can lead to inconsistent and poor feeding performance. This paper presents both a method for measuring the feeding performance during hopper refill as well as several methods for quantifying the resultant deviations from feedrate setpoint caused by refill. The main results show that hopper fill level is the most significant factor that can be used in mitigating the deviations effects during refill. The use of discharge screens also showed a small improvement in feeding accuracy. Another potentially useful method of reducing deviations during refill is to use refilling systems that have a lower more controlled rate of refill that gently replenishes the feed hopper rather than the high rate refill of some refilling systems.
Asymmetric Transfer of Training between Integral and Separable Displays

The type of display employed during operator training may affect the formation of an operator's internal model of the system. In this experiment subjects were divided into two groups and trained to classify instances of system state using either a configural or digital display. During extended practice the subjects were then switched to the alternate display type; those trained on the configural display now worked with the digital display, and vice versa. Results indicate that asymmetric transfer of training occurred; those who switched from the digital to the configural display outperformed the other group by a significant margin in terms of accuracy. Results are discussed in terms of the impact of display type on the formation of the operator's internal model and bias of processing strategy in transfer situations.
Using the Dominant Hand: Great Equalizer or Great Frustration?

(1977). Using the Dominant Hand: Great Equalizer or Great Frustration? Journal of Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 48, Including Leisure Today, pp. 21-21.
Character varieties of free groups are Gorenstein but not always factorial

Abstract Fix a rank g free group F g and a connected reductive complex algebraic group G. Let X ( F g , G ) be the G-character variety of F g . When the derived subgroup D G G is simply connected we show that X ( F g , G ) is factorial (which implies it is Gorenstein), and provide examples to show that when DG is not simply connected X ( F g , G ) need not even be locally factorial. Despite the general failure of factoriality of these moduli spaces, using different methods, we show that X ( F g , G ) is always Gorenstein.
3D elemental and structural analysis of biological specimens using electrons and ions.

Summary We demonstrate the utility of focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry for 3D morphological and elemental correlative analysis of subcellular features. Although recent advances in super-resolution light microscopy techniques and traditional transmission electron microscopy methods can provide cellular imaging at a wide range of length scales, simultaneous 3D morphological and elemental imaging of cellular features at nanometre scale can only be achieved with techniques such as focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry capability. We demonstrate the technique by analysing the 3D silicon cell wall structure of a marine diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana. This study also highlights the limitations of the technique in its current state and suggests several possible improvements needed for the routine use of the technique for biological specimens.
What Is Unique About Supervising Couple Therapists

Abstract What is unique about supervising couple therapists? To answer this question I highlight three important therapeutic processes in CT and their accompanying supervisory implications. The first process, the attending to values and beliefs about the meaning of coupling to couples and therapists and its influence on CT, is facilitated by supervisors who help supervisees uncover values and beliefs about coupling. The second process, developing the therapeutic alliance which has a unique complexity in CT, is facilitated by the processing of the therapeutic alliance in supervision and discovering ways of strengthening it. The final process, attending to emotion prevalent in CT, is facilitated by supervisors who assist supervisees in becoming comfortable with the expression of emotion and work with it constructively in CT. After briefly describing each process and why it is viewed as important in CT, I suggest ways supervisors can assist supervisees' becoming more proficient in them. An abbreviated superv...
Effects of a dexamethasone implant on deposition of intramuscular fat in genetically identical cattle

Administration of exogenous glucocorticoids has been shown to enhance deposition of intramuscular fat in cattle. In this study, six pairs of genetically identical (cloned) steers were used to determine the effects of an implant containing 100 mg of dexamethasone on intramuscular fat deposition and on other carcass and meat quality traits. One steer in each pair served as a negative control (CON), whereas the other steer received a dexamethasone implant 30 to 60 d from slaughter (DEX). Treatment with dexamethasone did not (P > .05) enhance intramuscular fat deposition. However, DEX steers had greater (.33 cm; P .05) on cooked beef palatability traits or on 24-h calpastatin activity. Although the DEX implant tested in this study was not effective for improving carcass quality grade, use of the implant increased external fat thickness and was effective for increasing carcass muscularity and dressing percentage.
Sociopolitical Trends in Mental Health Care: The Consumer/Survivor Movement and Multiculturalism

Since the 1990s, two sociopolitical developments have left a substantial mark on mental health care: the “consumer/survivor” movement and multiculturalism. Consumer/survivors claim that psychiatrists make them sick, and their advocacy, funded in part by the federal government and state mental health agencies, has resulted in legal an policy initiatives that restrict the work of psychiatrists and care for the seriously mentally ill, including laws restricting involuntary treatment and electro-convulsive therapy (ECT). While consumer/survivors see themselves as the “last minority,” women, sexual minorities, and ethnic minorities are the focus of multicultural therapy, which makes identity politics the central theme of therapy. The goal of these therapies is to foster the patient’s understanding of how his or her psychological distress is due to oppression and social injustice. This chapter provides an overview of these two influential developments in mental health care and illustrates the practical implications of these developments for psychiatric care and the mental health care system generally.
Minimal Assignments for Bounded Model Checking

A traditional counterexample to a linear-time safety property shows the values of all signals at all times prior to the error. However, some signals may not be critical to causing the failure. A succinct explanation may help human understanding as well as speed up algorithms that have to analyze many such traces. In Bounded Model Checking (BMC), a counterexample is constructed from a satisfying assignment to a Boolean formula, typically in CNF. Modern SAT solvers usually assign values to all variables when the input formula is satisfiable. Deriving minimal satisfying assignments from such complete assignments does not lead to concise explanations of counterexamples because of how CNF formulae are derived from the models. Hence, we formulate the extraction of a succinct counterexample as the problem of finding a minimal assignment that, together with the Boolean formula describing the model, implies an objective. We present a two-stage algorithm for this problem, such that the result of each stage contributes to identify the “interesting” events that cause the failure. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach with an example and with experimental results.
Quantitative Pressure Measurement of Shock Waves in Water Using a Schlieren-Based Visualization Technique

Many fluid flow applications, for example shock wave propagation and jet flows, involve variation of thermodynamic state variables such as pressure or density of the fluid. In order to fully understand the dynamics of the flow, quantitative information about the variables is desirable during experimental measurements of these applications. The background oriented schlieren (BOS) method is a relatively new quantitative visualization method that uses a digital image correlation algorithm and a numerical solver. It has been applied for measuring the density variation in gaseous fluids. In this paper, the main focus is to apply BOS to the study of shock dynamics in water and provide a detailed protocol for such a method. The experimental results indicate that this technique is a reliable and robust way of probing pressure variations in water for shock impact events.
Mapped Chebyshev Pseudospectral Method for Unsteady Flow Analysis

A mapped Chebyshev pseudospectral method is developed as an accurate and yet efficient approach to solve unsteady flows. Preserving the conservation laws, the method discretizes a spatial-derivative term implicitly, whereas a time-derivative term is treated explicitly using the mapped Chebyshev collocation operator. Because standard Chebyshev points make the corresponding spectral derivative matrix ill-conditioned due to uneven distribution of the Chebyshev points clustered heavily toward the ends of the interval, an inverse sine mapping function is applied to the Chebyshev collocation operator so that the point distribution becomes more uniform in a time domain and mitigates numerical instabilities correspondingly. Computations of unsteady flows, including the one-dimensional Burgers’ equation and two-dimensional airfoil flows under oscillation and plunging motions, are carried out. Numerical results of the present study are compared with those of the conventional time-marching solution method and the ha...