cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The H specificities of butanol extracts of human erythrocytes.

. A previous report of other researchers that aqueous phase fractions of erythrocyte stromata of secretors contained more ABH blood group activity than similar fractions of non-secretors was confirmed. The recovery of H activity in the butanol phase extracts of both secretors and non-secretors, which had not been seen previously, is reported here for the first time. Three H specificities were present when the aqueous and butanol phases of group 0 secretor stromata were examined in inhibition of agglutination studies with anti-H of group Oh and group A1 sera and three lectins. The anti-H (group Oh) sera were inhibited by both aqueous and butanol fractions. Anti-H serum (group A1) and the lectin Ulex europaeus were inhibited by the aqueous fraction only. The lectins Laburnum alpinum and Lotus tetragonolobus were not inhibited by either the aqueous or butanol phase extracts.
Accurate segmentation of brain images into 34 structures combining a non-stationary adaptive statistical atlas and a multi-atlas with applications to Alzheimer'S disease

Accurate segmentation of the 30+ subcortical structures in MR images of whole diseased brains is challenging due to inter-subject variability and complex geometry of brain anatomy. However a clinically viable solution yielding precise segmentation of the structures would enable: 1) accurate, objective measurement of structure volumes many of which are associated with diseases such as Alzheimer's, 2) therapy monitoring and 3) drug development. Our contributions are two-fold. First we construct an extended adaptive statistical atlas method (EASA) to use a non-stationary relaxation factor rather than a global one. This permits finer control over adaptivity allowing 34 structures to be simultaneously segmented rather than just 4 as in [13]. Second we use the output of a weighted majority voting (WMV) label fusion multi-atlas method as the input to EASA in a hybrid WMV-EASA approach. We assess our proposed approaches on 18 healthy subjects in the public IBSR database and on 9 subjects with Alzheimer's disease in the AIBL database. EASA is shown to produce state-of-the-art accuracy on healthy brains in a fraction of the time of comparable methods, while our hybrid WMV-EASA visibly improves segmentation accuracy for structures throughout the diseased brains.
Expectations and Attributions Regarding Extramarital Sex Among Young Married Individuals

Abstract Limited research suggests that beliefs regarding the interrelationship of sex, love, and marriage may be predictive of attributions concerning extramarital sex (EMS). We explored these issues through face-to-face interviews with a sample of 45 young married adults. Strong expectations of monogamy were pervasive in the current sample, as were a core set of attributions regarding EMS. Marital dissatisfaction, or problems in the marriage, were most often seen as the source of spousal EMS, and these reasons were viewed as the most upsetting to the respondents. The least upsetting circumstance surrounding spousal EMS was sexual activity without emotional involvement, or the typical “one-night stand.” Estimates of the likelihood that spousal EMS would cause harm to the marriage were large. The degree to which respondents associated sex, love, and marriage was negatively related to the likelihood that the respondent believed either spouse would engage in EMS or that such activity would ever be acceptabl...
Serum lipase (tributyrinase) in hypertension and arteriosclerosis.

Summary and ConclusionsA study of the tributyrinase activity of the serum of normotensive, hypertensive, and arteriosclerotic male and female adults is presented. There was a decrease in the tributyrinase of the serum of hypertensive and arteriosclerotic males as compared with the normal, while the serum of the females shows no difference from the normal.
Anthem: social movements and the sound of solidarity in the African diaspora

Shana Redmond's Anthem: Social Movements and the Sound of Solidarity in the African Diaspora is a wholly original text. Meticulously researched, Redmond's text treats music as a constitutive part o...
Waste management agenda setting: a case of incorrect problem definition?

This paper uses Rochefort and Cobb's anatomy of problem and Kingdon's agenda building model to explain how capac ity issues involving hazardous and solid wastes found their way onto the agendas of ...
Label-Free Quantitation and Mapping of the ErbB2 Tumor Receptor by Multiple Protease Digestion with Data-Dependent (MS1) and Data-Independent (MS2) Acquisitions

The receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2 is a breast cancer biomarker whose posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are a key indicator of its activation. Quantifying the expression and PTMs of biomarkers such as ErbB2 by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry has several limitations, including minimal coverage and extensive assay development time. Therefore, we assessed the utility of two high resolution, full scan mass spectrometry approaches, MS1 Filtering and SWATH MS2, for targeted ErbB2 proteomics. Endogenous ErbB2 immunoprecipitated from SK-BR-3 cells was in-gel digested with trypsin, chymotrypsin, Asp-N, or trypsin plus Asp-N in triplicate. Data-dependent acquisition with an AB SCIEX TripleTOF 5600 and MS1 Filtering data processing was used to assess peptide and PTM coverage as well as the reproducibility of enzyme digestion. Data-independent acquisition (SWATH) was also performed for MS2 quantitation. MS1 Filtering and SWATH MS2 allow quantitation of all detected analytes after acquisition, enabling the use of multiple proteases for quantitative assessment of target proteins. Combining high resolution proteomics with multiprotease digestion enabled quantitative mapping of ErbB2 with excellent reproducibility, improved amino acid sequence and PTM coverage, and decreased assay development time compared to typical SRM assays. These results demonstrate that high resolution quantitative proteomic approaches are an effective tool for targeted biomarker quantitation.
In vitro microdialysis of baboon corpus luteum: effects of oxytocin on total and pulsatile progesterone secretion.

Abstract Baboon corpora lutea (two each from the early, mid- and late luteal phases) were individually microretrodialyzed in vitro for 48 h, 12 h initial baseline, 12 h retrodialysis with OT (9 mU/h), 12 h without OT and 12 h with cAMP (5 mmol/h). Progesterone (P) was measured by a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay in 10-min fractions of retrodialysates and analyzed for P peaks by PC-pulsar 3.0. Neither OT nor cAMP had any effect on the characteristics of P pulses. In early and late luteal phase CL, OT inhibited P secretion within 1 h of administration followed by increased P secretion late during OT perfusion. In midluteal phase, OT did not affect P secretion. In all CL, P secretion was sustained or further increased during the 12 h after stopping OT. cAMP also sustained baseline or stimulated P secretion. In contrast, OT either increased total P output/12 h (28 to 49% above baseline) with a further increase of 21% to 296% above baseline after stopping OT, or inhibited total P output by 4% to 13% percent with a further decline of 51% to 61% after stopping OT. Thus, while overall OT is lutcotropic, its dual effect (initial inhibition followed by stimulation) suggests direct and indirect effects through paracrine-autocrine mechanisms.
Hypoxia Stimulates Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Gene Expression in Cultured Atrial Cardiocytes

The current study tested the hypothesis that hypoxia stimulates atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) gene expression and secretion in cultured atrial myocytes (AT-1 cells). AT-1 cells were obtained from a transplantable mouse atrial cardiomyocyte tumor lineage. Confluent AT-1 cells were exposed to hypoxia (1% oxygen) or normoxia (21% oxygen) as controls for 6 hours to 7 days. Medium ANP levels were measured by radioimmunoassay, and intracellular ANP gene transcripts were quantified by Northern and slot blot analyses. Exposure to hypoxia resulted in a significant increase in cellular ANP mRNA levels within 36 hours, which peaked (3.6-fold increase) at 2 days after hypoxic exposure, and produced a time-dependent increase in the release of ANP from AT-1 cells for 2 to 7 days. Transfection studies with recombinant DNA constructs that contained fragments of the −3003/+62 sequence of the ANP promoter and the luciferase reporter gene revealed that the regulatory sequences that mediate the hypoxia-induced increase in transcription are located within a region that extends from −638 to −518 bp to the transcriptional start site of the ANP gene. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible nuclear proteins that bound to the 120-bp putative hypoxia-responsive elements of the ANP gene were produced during hypoxic exposure. We have thus defined a 120-bp region within the ANP gene promoter that contains hypoxia-responsive elements that might be responsible for the enhancement of ANP gene expression in atrial myocytes during hypoxic exposure.
Regulation of gap junction intercellular communication in primary canine lens epithelial cells: role of protein kinase C.

Purpose: Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) is important in maintaining lens epithelial cell homeostasis and reductions in GJIC may be associated with the development of cataract. Protein kinase C (PKC) activation can disrupt gap junction communication via phosphorylation of connexin 43 (C×43) proteins that compose gap junction channels. This study examined the role of PKC activation in modulating GJIC in a primary canine lens epithelial cell (LEC) line. Methods: TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-acetate), a potent PKC activator and inhibitor of GJIC, was utilized in the present study. Primary cultures of canine LEC were treated with TPA (0–1000 ng/ml) for 0.5 hr and GJIC was assessed by scrape loading/dye transfer (SL/DT), and immunoblotting to detect phosphorylation of C×43 protein. Inhibition of general and calcium-dependent PKC activity was achieved by pretreatment of cells with GF109203X and Go6976, respectively. Results: Treatment with TPA (1–1000 ng/ml) significantly decreased GJIC in ca...
Simulations of Chemotaxis and Random Motility in Finite Domains

Rational design and selection of candidate porous biomaterials to serve as tissue engineering constructs rests on our ability to understand the influence of the porous microarchitecture on the transport of chemical species (e.g., nutrients and signaling compounds), fluid flow, and cellular locomotion and growth. We have begun to study the behavior of chemotactically mobile cells in response to unsteady signaling molecule concentration fields using a computational simulation-based model. The model couples fully time-dependent finite-difference solution of a reaction-diffusion equation for the concentration field of a generic chemoattractant to biased random walks representing individual moving cells. This model is a first step in building a quantitative, pore-level model of mass and cellular transport in porous tissue-engineered constructs. In these proceedings, we focus on our recent findings regarding the influence of flux-reactive boundary conditions in heterogeneous 2D domains on the chemotactic response of otherwise randomly moving cells. In particular, we find that, when cells are forced to “crawl” around obstacles in order to approach a point source of chemoattractant, the reactivity of the obstacle surface with respect to the chemoattractant strongly determines the morphology of the cells’ paths of locomotion. Cells crawl along non-reactive surfaces and strongly avoid reactive surfaces, due to the nature of the chemoattractant concentration gradients near the surface. We show further that tuning the reactivity of the surfaces of two obstacles defining a gap can control the passage of cells through the gap. From our work, we infer the importance of a proper treatment of boundary conditions in any future pore-level quantitatve modeling of mass transport and cellular response in porous media.
‘…territorial acquisitions are among the landmarks of our history’: the buying and leasing of imperial territory

This work focuses upon a method of expansion often overlooked when examining comparative aspects of the growth of empires, namely that territory can be attained through purchase or lease. It identifies a colonial process that, while seeming to have disappeared under the historical radar, remains one of the most powerful determiners of the modern world's political landscape. It also suggests that empires, contrary to common belief, do not have to be state led and that a variety of other imperial actors can participate in such a process. By drawing attention to this particular method of territorial expansion and the variety of potential players involved, this work underscores the continuing relevance of imperial studies. It simultaneously suggests a need to begin rethinking our understanding of what empires are, how they can be formed and who imperial players can be.
The superhiggs effect in superspacea

We discuss supersymmetry brealing for general systems of scalar and vector multiplets coupled to supergravity. Super-space-superfield methods are used to reduce the problem to one in global supersymmetry and permit an easy derivation of the supertrace formula relating boson and fermion masses after supersymmetry breaking.
Pulmonary injury following exposure to chlorine gas. Possible beneficial effects of steroid treatment

Two sisters were exposed to chlorine gas in toxic quantities in the same room of their home during an industrial accident. One was hospitalized and treated with corticosteroids and oxygen therapy, while the other received evaluation in the emergency room, and brief oxygen therapy and was released without corticosteroid therapy. Pulmonary physiologic studies have been performed on both patients at intervals following the exposure. The treated patient was stable, with normal results on studies of pulmonary function at the end of two years, while the sibling not treated with corticosteroids had demonstrable abnormalities of gas exchange which persisted during 55 months of observation. This "natural experiment" gives evidence of prolonged detrimental effects of sublethal exposure to chlorine gas on human pulmonary function in some patients. The effect of the differences in treatment between the two siblings cannot be definitely assessed in this single situation.
An abinitio study of hydrated chloride ion complexes: Evidence of polarization effects and nonadditivity

An ab initio study of complexes involving a chloride ion with one through six water molecules is presented. Calculations are performed using an RHF/6‐31+G(D) theoretical model and partially optimized geometries. Chloride–water interaction energies are computed with a correction for basis set superposition. Polarization of the chloride ion by increasing numbers of water molecules causes a decrease from linearity among the energies. For the six water case, deviation from two‐body additivity is approximately 10% of the stabilization energy.
Impaired responsiveness of IL-2 receptor-expressing T lymphocytes from aged mice.

Abstract IL-2 receptor-bearing splenic T lymphocytes derived from aged C57BL6/J mice (22–24 months) display a relative inability to respond to IL-2 when compared to similar cells from young (2–3 months) animals. As a population the aged cells incorporate less [3H]thymidine and fewer are able to undergo vigorous clonal growth. Both the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets display these defects. The clonal assay indicates that aged T cells, in addition to having longer cell cycle transit time, also have a higher frequency of cell cycle arrest than similarly activated young T cells. This defect in IL-2 responsiveness is distinct from those in early signal transduction which limit aged T lymphocyte entry into cycle and cannot be corrected by phorbol myristate acetate or ionomycin.
Familial Alzheimer's Disease–Linked Presenilin 1 Variants Elevate Aβ1–42/1–40 Ratio In Vitro and In Vivo

Mutations in the presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 genes cosegregate with the majority of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) pedigrees. We now document that the Abeta1-42(43)/Abeta1-40 ratio in the conditioned media of independent N2a cell lines expressing three FAD-linked PS1 variants is uniformly elevated relative to cells expressing similar levels of wild-type PS1. Similarly, the Abeta1-42(43)/Abeta1-40 ratio is elevated in the brains of young transgenic animals coexpressing a chimeric amyloid precursor protein (APP) and an FAD-linked PS1 variant compared with brains of transgenic mice expressing APP alone or transgenic mice coexpressing wild-type human PS1 and APP. These studies provide compelling support for the view that one mechanism by which these mutant PS1 cause AD is by increasing the extracellular concentration of Abeta peptides terminating at 42(43), species that foster Abeta deposition.
Determination of zinc in whole blood, plasma and serum using Zeeman effect flame atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Abstract Methods are presented for the determination of zinc in whole blood, plasma and serum using Zeeman effect flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and a flame microsampling funnel. Whole blood was diluted 1/25 with 0.10 mol/l hydrochloric acid; plasma and serum were diluted 1/5 with deionized water. Concentrations could be read directly from standards prepared in human blood pools. The within-run relative standard deviation (rsd) was 0.50%, 0.82% and 0.61% for whole blood specimens with concentrations of 4 360 μg/l, 5 967 μg/l and 8 297 μg/l, respectively. The within-run rsd was 2.09%, 1.16% and 0.62% for plasma specimens with zinc concentrations of 442 μg/l, 976 μg/l and 1731 μg/l, respectively. The within-run rsd was 1.18%, 1.22% and 1.02% for serum specimens with zinc concentrations of 492 μg/l, 1023 μg/l and 1533 μg/l, respectively. The detection limit was 3.6 μg/l.
Factors Associated with Failure to Follow Up after Glaucoma Screening: A Study in an African American Population

Purpose To evaluate variables associated with failure to access free eye care after participating in glaucoma screening. Design Review of responses to a survey completed by participants during glaucoma screening. Participants Two hundred seventy-three surveys completed by participants of African descent during screening. Methods African Americans 40 years or older participated in community glaucoma screening clinics, which included a survey with demographic and social variables. Each participant was given a preliminary diagnosis and encouraged to attend a free eye clinic for a complete examination. Survey results were correlated with attendance at the follow-up examination, using Student’s t test, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis. Main Outcome Measure Noncompliance with follow-up after glaucoma screening. Results When adjusting for risk factors in logistic regression analysis, noncompliance was associated with living alone (P = 0.008), smoking (P = 0.0005), and lacking a car (P Conclusion Socioeconomic factors such as smoking, lack of access to a car for eye examinations, and living alone are associated with noncompliance to follow-up after glaucoma screening clinics. Identifying persons with these variables may facilitate improved compliance.
A Convenient One-Pot Synthesis of Di-t-butylphosphinic Chloride

A convenient one-pot synthesis of (t-Bu)2P(O)Cl (1) from m-chloroperbenzoic acid and (t-Bu)2PCl is described. The byproduct m-chlorobenzoic acid is neutralized by addition of Et3N. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c (No. 14), with a = 5.9637(2) A, b = 11.4734(4) A, c = 16.2400(5) A and β = 107.7160(14).
Stormwater ponds and biofilters for large urban sites: Modeled arrangements that achieve the phosphorus reduction target for Boston's Charles River, USA

Abstract Urban rivers daily receive tons of phosphorus and other pollutants from stormwater generated by impervious surfaces. Constructed detention ponds and biofiltration cells (biofilters) are often effective for localized stormwater treatment, yet less is known about their effectiveness for large built areas. Our goals were to assess stormwater phosphorus-removal relative to total percent cover, number, size, and configuration of detention ponds and biofilters. Two approximately 200-ac. (80 ha) industrial and institutional sites near Boston's Charles River containing diverse smaller drainages, land uses, and runoff sources were analyzed. Using the model WinSLAMM, P-reduction percents were calculated and compared for detention ponds (1–40 per site; covering 5–15% of their drainage areas) and biofilters (two sizes, with and without underdrains; ∼900–4300 per site; 5–10% cover). The government's proposed TMDL target of 65% P-reduction was only achieved with designs that treated 100% of urban land with a pond or biofilter. The 65% target was met by a single pond covering 5% of the site and by several multi-pond or biofilter arrangements with coverage ranging from 5% to 10%. A stringent water quality goal of 75% P-reduction was also attained with certain consolidated and dispersed pond and biofilter designs. Configuration of treatment landscapes appeared to be more important than total treatment area. Results were generally similar for the large institutional and industrial sites. Stormwater P-reduction goals can be creatively met with diverse, realistic land allocations for ponds and biofilters, which also provide enhanced aesthetics, recreation opportunities, and other benefits beyond water quality.
Defining the new gold standard for nutrition support in acute pancreatitis.

Nutrition support is often crucial to the management of acute pancreatitis. In a significant proportion of cases, this disease process causes a massive systemic inflammatory response, increasing risk for deterioration of nutritional status, septic morbidity, organ failure, and prolonged hospitalization. As a disease entity, acute pancreatitis is ideal for clinical studies. Usually, a fairly uniform patient population exists, the severity of the disease is easy to quantitate within the population, and the timeframe is clear cut, with a fairly abrupt onset of symptoms and subsequent admission to the hospital. As a result of these conditions, a rapid growth of clinical investigation involving nutrition support in acute pancreatitis has occurred over the past decade.
Nanotube-based Molecular Motors

Summary form only given, as follows. The design, construction, and operation of electrically-driven molecular actuators and motors using nanotubes as integral components is a leading-edge endeavor in science and engineering. One design uses a multi-wall. carbon nanotube as a rotational bearing, allowing low-level voltages to fully control the angular position of a metal plate rotor. This motor, of size ~200nm on a side, is integrated on a silicon chip. Aligned arrays of such motors have been produced. Other successful designs are based on surface-tension-driven liquid metal nanodroRiet relaxation oscillators or solid state nanocrystals, with carbon nanotubes playing central functional roles. This presentation addresses the novel underlying physics, energy dissipation, and possible applications of bath rotation al and linear molecular motors.
Muscle protein metabolism in female swimmers after a combination of resistance and endurance exercise

Tipton, Kevin D., Arny A. Ferrando, Bradley D. Williams, and Robert R. Wolfe. Muscle protein metabolism in female swimmers after a combination of resistance and endurance exercise.J. Appl. Physiol....
Supplementing Seed Banks to Rehabilitate Disturbed Mojave Desert Shrublands: Where Do All the Seeds Go?

Revegetation of degraded arid lands often involves supplementing impoverished seed banks and improving the seedbed, yet these approaches frequently fail. To understand these failures, we tracked the fates of seeds for six shrub species that were broadcast across two contrasting surface disturbances common to the Mojave Desert—sites compacted by concentrated vehicle use and trenched sites where topsoil and subsurface soils were mixed. We evaluated seedbed treatments that enhance soil-seed contact (tackifier) and create surface roughness while reducing soil bulk density (harrowing). We also explored whether seed harvesting by granivores and seedling suppression by non-native annuals influence the success of broadcast seeding in revegetating degraded shrublands. Ten weeks after treatments, seeds readily moved off of experimental plots in untreated compacted sites, but seed movements were reduced 32% by tackifier and 55% through harrowing. Harrowing promoted seedling emergence in compacted sites, particularly for the early-colonizing species Encelia farinosa, but tackifier was largely ineffective. The inherent surface roughness of trenched sites retained three times the number of seeds than compacted sites, but soil mixing during trench development likely altered the suitability of the seedbed thus resulting in poor seedling emergence. Non-native annuals had little influence on seed fates during our study. In contrast, the prevalence of harvester ants increased seed removal on compacted sites, whereas rodent activity influenced removal on trenched sites. Future success of broadcast seeding in arid lands depends on evaluating disturbance characteristics prior to seeding and selecting appropriate species and seasons for application.
Convex solutions of the direct data domain least squares approach in smart antennas

Convex solution frameworks for the direct data domain least squares (D3LS) weight coefficients in smart antenna arrays are presented. The D3LS mathematical relationships are decomposed into real and imaginary components and the corresponding relationships are formulated in linear programming and general convex optimization frameworks to achieve optimal weight coefficients within e-accuracy. Furthermore, the concept of hypothetical jammer constraints has been introduced to synthesize more favourable beam patterns. The simulation results demonstrate that the convex solution frameworks are computationally very efficient and suitable for additional antenna system constraints, and perform well in the case of ill-conditioned matrices.
Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the Low-Lying Electronic States of NbN.

Abstract The high-resolution spectrum of NbN has been investigated in emission in the 3000–15 000 cm −1 region using a Fourier transform spectrometer. The bands were excited in a microwave discharge through a mixture of NbCl 5 vapor, ∼5 mTorr of N 2 , and 3 Torr of He. Numerous bands observed in the near-infrared region have been classified into the following transitions: f 1 Φ– c 1 Γ, e 1 Π– a 1 Δ, C 3 Π 0+ – A 3 Σ − 1 , C 3 Π 0− – A 3 Σ − 1 , C 3 Π 1 – a 1 Δ, C 3 Π 1 – A 3 Σ − 0 , d 1 Σ + – A 3 Σ − 0 , and d 1 Σ + – b 1 Σ + . These observations are consistent with the energy level diagram provided by laser excitation and emission spectroscopy [Y. Azuma, G. Huang, M. P. J. Lyne, A. J. Merer, and V. I. Srdanov, J. Chem. Phys. 100, 4138–4155 (1993)]. The missing d 1 Σ + state has been observed for the first time and its spectroscopic parameters are consistent with the theoretical predictions of S. R. Langhoff and W. Bauschlicher, Jr. [ J. Mol. Spectrosc. 143, 169–179 (1990)]. Rotational analysis of a number of bands has been obtained and improved spectroscopic parameters have been extracted for the low-lying electronic states. The observation of several vibrational bands with v = 1 has enabled us to determine the vibrational intervals and equilibrium bond lengths for the A 3 Σ − 0 , a 1 Δ, b 1 Σ + , d 1 Σ + , and C 3 Π 1 states.
Interaction Between Mothers and Infants with Down Syndrome: Infant Characteristics

Studies of mother-infant dyads indicate that individual differences of both partners contribute to the development of reciprocal interaction. When an infant is born with Down Syndrome, infant responses are reported to be delayed. Infant characteristics that contribute to social interaction with caregivers differ between nonhandicapped infants and those with Down syndrome. In this review, studies of infant characteristics, including temperament, state control, gaze, gesture, and vocalization, are discussed. Although infants with Down syndrome, like nonhandicapped infants, develop social communication behaviors, vulnerable characteristics are found. Differences in the development of state control, gaze patterns, coordination of gesture, gaze, vocalization, and frequency of vocalization have implications for parents and professionals in early intervention.
The effect of variability on the unbalanced production line

Several algorithms have been presented for manpower scheduling of the unbalanced production line. This paper uses the best performing algorithm. One Worker At A Time (OWAAT), as a vehicle to assess the effect of variability in selected factors on the performance of the unbalanced production line. Several different performance measures were considered; results indicate that worker efficiency, size of buffer stocks and method for penalizing shortages significantly affect performance, whereas worker absenteeism does not. Additional observations were also made on the effect of these factors on the number and size of shortages.
The Effect of Bicycle Riding on Serum Prostate Specific Antigen Levels

AbstractPurpose: We determined if bicycle riding causes an increase in prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels.Materials and Methods: Baseline PSA levels were measured from all 260 volunteers before a 250-mile bicycle ride. After this 4-day race PSA was gain measured and this level was compared to the pre-race levels.Results: The overall change from baseline to post-race PSA in all 260 men was 0.069 ng./ml. The change for the 256 men with normal baseline PSA (0.0 to 4.0 ng./ml.) was 0.044 ng./ml. The 4 men with an already elevated PSA (more than 4.0 ng./ml.) showed a large change of 1.65 ng./ml.Conclusions: There is no statistically or clinically significant increase in PSA after bicycle riding. However, the few participants with an initially elevated PSA had an increase after bicycle riding, although this change does not represent the population and more research is warranted to define further its clinical implications.
Psychotropic Drug Use in Pregnancy

Treating psychiatrically ill female patients during pregnancy with psychotropic drugs presents the physician with many clinical dilemmas.1 The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any psychotropic use during pregnancy though the use of these medications is common.2,3 Once considered a time of emotional well-being for women, a growing literature suggests that pregnancy may not convey the “protection” against psychiatric disorder once believed.4–7 The marked prevalence of psychiatric disorders during pregnancy and the growing evidence that psychiatric patients may be at high risk for relapse when medications are discontinued8–11 make treatment planning for psychiatrically ill pregnant women and for those who may wish to conceive much more difficult. Balancing the risk of fetal exposure with the risk of untreated psychiatric disorder places the clinician “between a teratologic rock and a clinical hard place.”12
Vibrating RF MEMS for Low Power Communications

Micromechanical communication circuits fabricated via IC-compatible MEMS technologies and capable of low-loss filtering, mixing, switching, and frequency generation, are described with the intent to miniaturize wireless transceivers. Possible transceiver front-end architectures are then presented that use these micromechanical circuits in large quantities to substantially reduce power consumption. Technologies that integrate MEMS and transistor circuits into single-chip systems are then reviewed with an eye towards the possibility of single-chip communication transceivers.
Interpreting carbonate and organic carbon isotope covariance in the sedimentary record

Many negative δ(13)C excursions in marine carbonates from the geological record are interpreted to record significant biogeochemical events in early Earth history. The assumption that no post-depositional processes can simultaneously alter carbonate and organic δ(13)C values towards more negative values is the cornerstone of this approach. However, the effects of post-depositional alteration on the relationship between carbonate and organic δ(13)C values have not been directly evaluated. Here we present paired carbonate and organic δ(13)C records that exhibit a coupled negative excursion resulting from multiple periods of meteoric alteration of the carbonate δ(13)C record, and consequent contributions of isotopically negative terrestrial organic matter to the sedimentary record. The possibility that carbonate and organic δ(13)C records can be simultaneously shifted towards lower δ(13)C values during periods of subaerial exposure may necessitate the reappraisal of some of the δ(13)C anomalies associated with noteworthy biogeochemical events throughout Earth history.
Real-time task mapping and scheduling for collaborative in-network processing in DVS-enabled wireless sensor networks

With the increasing importance of energy consumption considerations and new requirements of emerging applications, in-network processing of information gains recognition as a viable solution for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The required processing capability can be achieved through locally collaborative information processing among sensors. Task mapping and scheduling plays an important role in efficient collaborative information processing. Although task mapping and scheduling in wired networks of processors has been well studied in the past, its counterpart for WSNs remains largely unexplored. In this paper, a task mapping and scheduling solution for real-time applications in WSNs, real-time task mapping and scheduling (RT-MapS), is presented. RT-MapS incorporates wireless channel modeling, hyper-DAG extension, concurrent task mapping, communication and computation scheduling, and dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) methods. Simulation results show significant performance improvements compared with existing mechanisms in terms of providing deadline guarantee with minimum energy consumption.
Hydrologic-Economic Analysis of Best Management Practices for Sediment Control in the Santa Fe Watershed, New Mexico

The Santa Fe River Watershed in Santa Fe County, New Mexico was identified as one of the top five high risk nonpoint source pollution areas out in the Rio Grande Basin. This watershed was selected to demonstrate the use of hydrologic modeling as a powerful tool for assessing the impacts of land management practices on erosion and sediment control at the watershed level. A method based on the Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran was used to address the local nonpoint sediment pollution concerns. The model was modified to reflect predicted future land uses related to expected urban expansion in the watershed. Six scenarios were created and the costs and benefits of each were weighed. The total estimated costs ranged from under $1 million to over $66 million. Total average annual sediment yields at the watershed outlet ranged from 3,441 to 4,111 tonnes/year, depending on management practices employed. These results indicate the magnitude of expected sediment reductions under various management strategies. Additionally, they provide an indication of the magnitude of expected sediment reductions in the Santa Fe Watershed and the estimated cost of each management practice.
Continuity in Children’s Relations with Peers

Social competence with peers of 55 (27 girls) children was examined from ages one to nine. In the toddler and preschool periods, social competence with peers was observed and rated by independent observers and rated by teachers. Teachers reported on children’s social competence with peers at age nine. Children who engaged in more complex play with peers as toddlers were more prosocial, engaged in complex play, were less withdrawn as preschoolers, and were less aggressive and withdrawn as nine-year-olds. Children who were more aggressive and withdrawn as preschoolers were more aggressive as nine-year-olds.
Getting to Finished: Strategies to Ensure Completion of the Doctoral Dissertation.

This paper reports the results of focus group conversations with thirty-four doctoral students enrolled in an educational leadership program. Doctoral students were asked to provide suggestions and strategies used to complete the doctoral dissertation. The results of these conversations reinforce the value of the collaborative cohort and the proactive interdependence students experienced as a result of working together. These findings highlight the need to examine how doctoral students experience the university context particularly as it relates to the dissertation phase of study.
Claustrum: a case for directional, excitatory, intrinsic connectivity in the rat

Claustrum, a gray matter structure that underlies the neocortex, is reciprocally connected with many neocortical and limbic cortical areas. This connectivity positions claustrum ideally for the integration or coordination of widespread cortical activity. In anatomical studies using multiple planes of section, claustrum has distinct subregions based on latexin immunohistochemistry, and an approximately rostro-caudal alignment of fusiform cells supporting a laminar intrinsic organization. Physiological studies of claustral connectivity in disinhibited brain slices demonstrate (1) intrinsic connectivity sufficient to generate spontaneous synchronized burst discharges, (2) activity spread within the oblique laminae that contained the principal cellular axis, and (3) segregation of activity as evidenced by the absence of spread within coronal planes. Activity spread depended on glutamatergic synaptic transmission, and activity restrictions did not depend on inhibitory circuits. We conclude that the claustrum has an intrinsic excitatory connectivity that is constrained in approximately rostro-caudal laminae, with minimal cross-communication between laminae. Further, claustrum has the intrinsic capability of generating synchronized population activity and facilitating its spread within laminae, a feature that may contribute to seizure generation and spread.
Identifying landmark cues with LIDAR laser scanner data taken from multiple viewpoints

In this paper, we report on our ongoing efforts to build a cue identifier for mobile robot navigation using a simple one-plane LIDAR laser scanner and machine learning techniques. We used simulated scans of environmental cues to which we applied various levels of Gaussian distortion to test a number of models the effectiveness of training and the response to noise in input data. We concluded that in contrast to back propagation neural networks, SVM-based models are very well suited for classifying cues, even with substantial Gaussian noise, while still preserving efficiency of training even with relatively large data sets. Unfortunately, models trained with data representing just one stationary point of view of a cue are inaccurate when tested on data representing different points of view of the cue. Although the models are resilient to noisy data coming from the vicinity of the original point of view used in training, data that originates in a point of view shifted forward or backward (as would be the case with a mobile robot) proved much more difficult to classify correctly. In the research reported here, we used an expanded set of synthetic training data representing three view points corresponding to three positions in robot movement in relation to the location of the cues. We show that by using the expanded data the accuracy of cue classification is dramatically increased for test data coming from any of the points.
American Pride and Racial Resentments: Public Opinion on the Meaning of Obama’s Election as President

The reverberations from the 2008 election of Barack Obama as President still hold substantial meaning to members of the public. To some his election signified the possibility of the American dream, but for others his election either made no difference toward or threatened one’s America identity. One argument suggests that lower pride in Obama’s election is based on racial prejudice: those who hold more resentful racial beliefs are less likely to think Obama’s election is meaningful. A similar argument suggests that a racialized Obama is simply less liked than a deracialized Obama. Both arguments are based on sound theory, and testable in public opinion surveys; however, few studies have taken a rigorous approach to testing these hypotheses. Using three survey experimental studies (total N > 3,000) — two from national samples, and one from a statewide sample — we ask whether pride in Obama’s election as President is altered by randomized labels of him as the “first Black/African American/Non-White/Multiracial” President. We also consider the impact of racialized resentment toward African Americans on pride, as well as how resentment might exacerbate or diminish any effects across the racial and non-racial labels.
Abstract 481: METCAM promotesin vitromotility, invasiveness and colony formation, andin vivotumorigenesis of human breast cancer cells

METCAM (alternative names are MUC18, CD146, S-endo 1, MelCAM, and MCAM) is an integral membrane CAM in the Ig-like gene super-family because it has an immunoglobulin-like extra-cellular domain and a cytoplasmic domain, which contains five consensus sequences potentially to be phosphorylated by PKA, PKC, and CK2. METCAM, as predicted from the protein structure, is capable of performing typical functions of CAMs, such as cell-cell interaction, cell-extracellular matrix interaction, and cross-talk with many signaling pathways. Thus altered expression of METCAM should change cell motility and cellular invasiveness, alters angiogenesis, and affects cellular survival and growth. Consistent with this notion, aberrant expression of METCAM positively associates with the malignant progression of melanoma and prostate cancer. However, the role of METCAM in the progression of human breast cancer cells has been controversial. Two groups suggest that METCAM plays a tumor suppressor role in the development of breast cancer. Two other groups suggest the opposite role. To resolve this controversy, we reinvestigate the role of METCAM in the progression of breast cancer cells. We transfected the METCAM cDNA gene into two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and SKBR3, and isolated G418-resistant clones, which expressed high levels of the protein, for testing the effect of enforced expression of the protein on their in vitro and in vivo cellular behaviors. We have found that METCAM is not expressed or very weakly expressed in five luminal breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7, T47D, BT-10, BT474, and SK-BR-3, but moderately expressed in two basal cell-like breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB231 and 468. Enforced expression of METCAM in two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and SKBR3, increased their in vitro motility and invasiveness and in vitro anchorage-independent colony growth, and promoted disorganized growth in 3D basement membrane culture. Enforce expression of METCAM also increased the in vitro motility and invasiveness of MDA-MB231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Furthermore, the growth of MDA-MB231 and MDA-MB-468 in the 3D embedded basement membrane culture is inhibited by the anti-huMETCAM antibodies. Furthermore, enforced expression of METCAM dramatically promoted the tumor formation of SK-BR-3 cells in nude mice, but slightly promoted the tumor formation of MCF7 cells in SCID mice via orthotopic injection into mammary fat pads. Taken together, we concluded that over-expression of METCAM in breast cancer cell lines appeared to promote the tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells, suggesting its positive association with the progression of breast cancer cells, similar to melanoma and prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 481.
Parasites of Two Weevils, Microlarinus lareynii and M. lypriformis, That Feed on the Puncture Vine, Tribulus terrestris L.

In connection with ecological and host plant specificity studies of the stem weevil, Microlarinus lypriformis (Wollaston) and the seed weevil, M. lareynii (Jacquelin du Val), undertaken before their introduction into the United States in 1961 to control the puncture vine, Tribulus terrestris L., (Huffaker et al., 1961, Andres and Angalet 1963), the parasites that attack these weevils also were studied. These notes were supplemented by information obtained from collections and studies made in 1962 plus results from observations by the senior author in India during 1956–57.
Intimate partner violence in cohabiting families: reports by multiple informants and associations with adolescent outcomes

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is common, particularly in families with children. Observing such verbal and physical aggression has consistently been linked to unfavorable outcomes for affected children. Although cohabiting families are becoming increasingly prevalent and preliminary data suggest that rates of IPV may be high in these families, little is currently known about IPV and its impact as experienced by adolescents living in cohabiting families. This study used data from low-income urban Black cohabiting families (N = 92) to (1) examine agreement of reports of verbal and physical IPV between the adolescent and the mother and between the adolescent and the male cohabiting partner (MCP) and (2) test associations between IPV and youth mental health. A higher percentage of adolescents reported the occurrence of IPV, particularly physical violence, than did mothers and MCPs. Relative to those living in minimally violent or verbally violent homes, adolescents living in verbally and physically violent homes reported higher rates of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. These youth also reported higher levels of self-blame for the conflict and a worse relationship with the MCP but not the mother.
Leucine-enkephalin interrupts sympathetically mediated tachycardia prejunctionally in the canine sinoatrial node.

This study examined the role of leucine-enkephalin (LE) in the sympathetic regulation of the cardiac pacemaker. LE was administered by microdialysis into the interstitium of the canine sinoatrial node during either sympathetic nerve stimulation or norepinephrine infusion. In study one, the right cardiac sympathetic nerves were isolated as they exit the stellate ganglion and were stimulated to produce graded (low, 20–30 bpm; high 40–50 bpm) increases in heart rate (HR). LE (1.5 nmoles/min) was added to the dialysis inflow and the sympathetic stimulations were repeated after 5 and 20 min of LE infusion. After 5 min, LE reduced the tachycardia during sympathetic stimulation at both low (18.2 ± 1.3 bpm to 11.4 ± 1.4 bpm) and high (45 ± 1.5 bpm to 22.8 ± 1.5 bpm) frequency stimulations. The Inhibition was maintained during 20 min of continuous LE exposure with no evidence of opioid desensitization. The δ-opioid antagonist, naltrindole (1.1 nmoles/min), restored only 30% of the sympathetic tachycardia. Nodal δ-...
Borderland Lives in Northern South Asia: Non-State Perspectives

Borders are traditionally conceived as markers of state sovereignty as they evoke the image of a bounded state, but borders do not necessarily mark societies and nations. A contrast emerges when th...