cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
My Story: The Use of Narrative Therapy in Individual and Group Counseling

Clients reach an impasse in therapy sessions when they experience difficulty expressing their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Counselors using narrative therapy assist clients in finding an alternate solution by externalizing oppressive experiences. This facilitates a revised narration of their maladaptive perspective, which they have internalized. Using narrative therapy, a counselor works with clients to externalize their oppressive experiences and help them rewrite their life story removed from their problem-saturated perspective. Clients’ exploration of their life story in individual and group therapy can be enhanced using narrative therapy techniques in conjunction with creative art and writing techniques. Several techniques described in this article give examples of how to use narrative therapy in conjunction with creative techniques to increase clients’ exploration.
Expression of glypican-3 in undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma and mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an oncofetal protein that has been demonstrated to be a useful diagnostic immunomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma. Its expression in mesenchymal tumors of the liver, particularly undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma (UES) and mesenchymal hamartoma (MH), has not been investigated. In this study, a total of 24 UESs and 18 MHs were immunohistochemically stained for GPC3 expression. The results showed cytoplasmic staining for GPC3 in 14 (58%) UESs, of which 6 exhibited diffuse immunoreactivity and the remaining 8 showed focal positivity. The patients with GPC3-positive UES tended to be younger (mean 18 years; median 11 years) than those with GPC3-negative tumors (mean 39.4 years; median 27 years), although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = .06). Eight MHs also exhibited GPC3 immunoreactivity (44%; 4 diffuse and 4 focal). Positive staining in all 8 cases was primarily seen in entrapped nonlesional hepatocytes with a canalicular and cytoplasmic staining pattern. In only 4 cases (22%) was GPC3 immunoreactivity also observed in the mesenchymal component. The patients with positive staining also tended to be younger (mean 2.6 years; median 1.1 years) compared with those with negative staining (mean 16.3 years; median 4.5 years), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .15). Our data demonstrate that GPC3 is expressed in a subset of UES and MH of the liver. Caution should thus be exercised when evaluating a GPC3-expressing hepatic neoplasm, particularly on a needle biopsy when the differential diagnosis includes poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoblastoma.
Use of Supercritical Fluid Extraction for Sample Preparation of Sustained‐Release Felodipine Tablets

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was shown to be an accurate and precise alternative to liquid extraction for sample preparation of sustained‐release felodipine tablets (5 mg potency) while realizing an 80% reduction in solvent consumption. Extractions of felodipine spiked on an inert support were used to evaluate the solubility of felodipine in CO2 as well as analyte trapping after SFE. Even though the pure drug was found to be soluble in pure CO2, extractions of felodipine from the tablet matrix required moderate modifier concentrations [8.7% (v/v) methanol in CO2] in order to overcome strong matrix‐drug interactions. Sequential static/dynamic extraction steps were also required to quantitatively recover the drug from the tablet matrix, indicating that the drug extraction was diffusion‐limited. Average recoveries (n = 5) for the optimized SFE method were determined to be 4.93 mg felodipine/tablet (98.6% claim) with an RSD of 1.2% versus those for the liquid extraction procedure (n = 5, 4.98 mg/tablet, 99.6% claim, 2.4% RSD). Similar levels of drug degradation (0.12% expressed as felodipine) were also obtained with both the traditional liquid extraction and with the SFE method.
The role of paradoxical logic in innovation: The case of Intel

Abstract Logic paradigms are deeply rooted underlying assumptions that are used to frame thinking, decisions, and processes. We compare the fundamental assumptions of two logic paradigms—formal logic and paradoxical logic—and discuss the implications of these assumptions for innovation and change. Using Intel as an example, we suggest that paradoxical logic can enhance the innovative processes of high-technology firms, can help these firms to deal effectively with change, and, when combined with formal logic, can enhance firm performance. We derive three propositions from our analysis of Intel to guide future research.
Three-State Conical Intersections in Nucleic Acid Bases

The involvement of three-state conical intersections in the photophysics and radiationless decay processes of the nucleobases has been investigated using multireference configuration interaction methods. Three-state conical intersections have been located for the pyrimidine base, uracil, and the purine base, adenine. In uracil, a three-state degeneracy between the S0, S1, and S2 states has been located at 6.2 eV above the ground-state minimum energy. This energy is 0.4 eV higher than vertical excitation to S2 and at least 1.3 eV higher than the two-state conical intersections found previously. In adenine, two different three-state degeneracies between the S1, S2, and S3 states have been located at energies close to the vertical excitation energies. The energetics of these three-state conical intersections suggest they can play a role in a radiationless decay pathway present in adenine. The existence of two different seams of three-state conical intersections indicates that these features are common and co...
Influence of herpes simplex virus infection on benzo(a)pyrene metabolism in monkey kidney cells.

Current research in our laboratory is designed to investigate the intracellular interactions of BP with oncogenic DNA viruses of animals and humans. In this study, our purpose was to determine whether BP is metabolized in herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infected cells and whether HSV-2 infection affects intracellular levels of the aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase system necessary for BP metabolism.
Respiratory neurons participating in sneeze and in response to resistance to expiration

Abstract Little is known concerning the neurophysiology of active expiration which occurs in cough, sneeze, exercise, in resistance to expiratoty air flow and in voluntary effort. The discharge of medullary expiratory neurons and the activity of abdominal expiratory muscles was recorded during the generation of active expiration by two different sensory mechanisms. Active expiration in response to resistance to expiration was shown to be vagally mediated. Sneezes, provoked through mechanical stimulation of the nasal mucosa, are trigeminally mediated. Spontaneously discharging expiratory neurons were excited by both techniques. “Latent” expiratory neurons were recruited at the higher resistances and especially by nasal mucosal stimulation. All of these neurons in the caudal medulla were activated temporally and in numbers and at frequencies appropriate to the intensity of the muscular response. The responses of latent units were easily abolished by deeper anesthesia. In general, the spike amplitudes of latent units were larger than those of late-expiratory units which were, in turn, larger than the early-expiratory units. Data on the relative response thresholds indicates that excitability varies inversely with spike amplitude. These observations fit the rule of Henneman. Evidence is presented which supports the concept that active expiration is dependent upon pulmonary stretch receptors. These results indicate that various afferent systems activate a common pool of expiratory neurons and that the generation of active expiration may be dependent upon the availability of latent expiratory neurons.
A genetic algorithm tutorial

This tutorial covers the canonical genetic algorithm as well as more experimental forms of genetic algorithms, including parallel island models and parallel cellular genetic algorithms. The tutorial also illustrates genetic search by hyperplane sampling. The theoretical foundations of genetic algorithms are reviewed, include the schema theorem as well as recently developed exact models of the canonical genetic algorithm.
Characterization of Nucleoside and DNA Adducts Formed by S-(1-Acetoxymethyl)glutathione and Implications for Dihalomethane−Glutathione Conjugates

S-(1-Acetoxymethyl)glutathione (GSCH(2)OAc) was synthesized and used as a model for the reaction of glutathione (GSH)-dihaloalkane conjugates with nucleosides and DNA. Previously, S-[1-(N(2)-deoxyguanosinyl)methyl]GSH had been identified as the major adduct formed in the reaction of GSCH(2)OAc with deoxyguanosine. GSCH(2)OAc was incubated with the three remaining deoxyribonucleosides to identify other possible adducts. Adducts to all three nucleosides were found using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS). The adduct of GSCH(2)OAc and deoxyadenosine was formed in yield of up to 0.05% and was identified as S-[1-(N(7)-deoxyadenosinyl)methyl]GSH. The pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside adducts were formed more efficiently, resulting in yields of 1 and 2% for the GSCH(2)OAc adducts derived from thymidine and deoxycytidine, respectively, but their lability prevented their structural identification by (1)H NMR. On the basis of the available UV spectra, we propose the structures S-[1-(N(3)-thymidinyl)methyl]GSH and S-[1-(N(4)-deoxycytidinyl)methyl]GSH. Because adduct degradation occurred most rapidly at alkaline and neutral pH values, an enzymatic DNA digestion procedure was developed for the rapid hydrolysis of DNA to deoxyribonucleosides at acidic pH. DNA digests were completed in less than 2 h with a two-step method, which consisted of a 15 min incubation of DNA with high concentrations of deoxyribonuclease II and phosphodiesterase II at pH 4.5, followed by incubation of resulting nucleotides with acid phosphatase. Analysis of the hydrolysis products by HPLC-ESI-MS indicated the presence of the thymidine adduct.
Effect of residual stress on the energy release rate of wedge and DCB test specimens

Abstract Changes in the available interfacial strain energy release rate caused by residual stresses (e.g. thermal, hygroscopic and piezoelectric induced stresses) in a triple-layered specimen are analyzed using linear elastic fracture mechanics and simple beam theory. The strain energy release rate, caused by either tensile or compressive in-plane residual stresses in the adhesive, is derived. The contributions of the thermal residual and mechanical stresses to the global energy release rate are also analyzed using both a steady-state fracture analysis and a thermoelastic laminate analysis. Excellent agreement is obtained with a finite element analysis conducted for comparison and validation. The thermally induced energy release rate, G T , is found to be independent of crack length, but is a function of residual stress level and the geometric and material parameters of the specimen. Although the contribution due to residual stresses is expected to be small for typical double cantilever beam specimens, the residual-stress-induced energy release rate can be non-negligible for subcritical debonding in wedge test specimens exposed to aggressive environments.
Bahiagrass Cultivar Response to Grazing Frequency with Limited Nitrogen Fertilization

Warm-season grasses require N fertilization to achieve their full production potential; however, increased costs have limited the use of N by beef cattle (Bos spp.) producers. The objective of this study was to test the effects of two grazing frequencies (2 and 4 wk) on production, nutritive value, and persistence of 'Argentine' (tetraploid), 'Pensacola', 'Tifton 9', and 'UF Riata' (diploids) bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) cultivars fertilized with 60 kg N ha–¹ yr–¹. The study was conducted in Ona, FL, from January 2010 to December 2011. Treatments were eight factorial combinations of two grazing frequencies (2 and 4 wk) and four bahiagrass cultivars. The four cultivars were grazed by beef cows (505±30 kg) for approximately 8 h to a 7.5-cm stubble height at 2- or 4-wk intervals. Diploid cultivars had greater herbage accumulation (HA) in the spring; however, Argentine had greater annual HA in 2010 and 2011. Plots grazed at 4 wk had approximately 50% greater HA than 2-wk grazing frequency. Argentine and Pensacola had greater root and rhizome mass than Tifton 9 and UF Riata when grazed every 2 wk, while Argentine had greater cover than any of the diploids when grazed at the 2-wk frequency. Results show that Argentine is a productive and persistent bahiagrass for beef cattle producers using limited N fertilization and frequent grazing in Florida. Decreasing grazing frequency is an effective management practice to increase bahiagrass HA and persistence, particular the upright-growing Tifton 9 and UF Riata.
Immobilization of hydroquinone on electrode surfaces

Abstract A Mannich-type reaction between n-propylamine, formaldehyde and hydroquinone appeared to follow a reaction sequence in solution different than when the n-propylamine was replaced by an amine-derivatized indium-tin oxide (ITO) coated glass electrode surface. However, the Mannich reaction can serve as a method for the attachment of small levels of hydroquinone to ITO surfAccs for subsequent electrochemistry or immobilization studies with other biological redox systems. The Fries rearrangement was shown to be an alternative method for the covalent attachment of hydroquinone to glassy carbon electrodes.
LIPASE CATALYZED TRANSESTERIFICATION OF 2-SUBSTITUTED 3-HYDROXY ESTERS

Kinetic resolution of 2-substituted 3-hydroxy esters was examined by lipase PS catalyzed transesterification using vinyl acetate as an acyl donor. Resolution of (±)-syn- and -anti-1a, -1e possessing a small methyl group at the C-3 position was accomplished enantioselectively. The outcome of the resolution seems to be related to the differences in size of the substituents at the stereocenter bearing a secondary hydroxy group. Chirality 10:693–698, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of acetylpromazine and xylazine on halothaneanesthetized horses

Steffey, E.P., Kelly, A.B., Farver, T.B. & Woliner, M.J. Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of acetylpromazine and xylazine on halothane-anesthetized horses. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 8, 290–302. Circulatory and respiratory effects of intravenously administered acetylpromazine (0.033 and 0.067 mg/kg) and xylazine (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) were studied in drug cross-over fashion in eight laterally recumbent horses anesthetized only with halothane (1.06%, end-tidal) in O2. Both doses of acetylpromazine caused a significant and sustained elevation in cardiac output via a rise in stroke volume. Xylazine produced an initial significant fall in cardiac output followed by a return to control levels. Halothane anesthesia did not prevent xylazine-related atrioventricular conduction block. All treatments caused a similar significant fall in arterial blood pressure (acetylpromazine, total peripheral resistance-related; xylazine, cardiac output-related). PaCO2 significantly increased after all treatments. PaCC2 decreased significantly only following xylazine treatment. One horse (not included in the tabulation) developed ventricular fibrillation and died 15 min after receiving its first injection (0.5 mg/kg) of xylazine. Dr E. P. Steffey, Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.
Movement disorders: a sleep specialist's perspective.

This review focuses on restless legs syndrome (RLS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). These conditions are frequently encountered in clinical sleep medicine and are among the most important of the “nonapnea” sleep disorders. RLS and PD share many features, including derangement of central dopaminergic systems as the putative cause, akathisia, and nocturnal motor fluctuations. In addition, both conditions increase in prevalence with aging, exhibit a beneficial response to dopaminergic therapy, and cause marked sleep disturbances. They frequently overlap, with about 20% of patients with PD having symptoms of RLS. Both conditions appear to have a genetic predisposition that is “turned on” by environmental factors. Adverse responses to levodopa occur in both RLS and PD, manifested as rebound and augmentation in RLS and as fluctuations in motor response and dyskinesias in PD. Newer dopaminergic agents are helpful in the management of both conditions.
Best Practices for Cost-Efficient Coastal Climate Change Adaptation After Damaging Storms

In the wake of a damaging storm, a rare opportunity exists to implement innovative hazard and climate-adaptive policies (Titus, 1984). Yet, many communities are ill prepared to introduce new develo...
The creation of time to heal.

The author discusses how his book Time to Heal: American Medical Education from the Turn of the Century to the Era of Managed Care came into being.
Supplier development programs and firm performance: evidence from Chile

This paper evaluates the impact of the Chilean Supplier Development Program, aimed at improving and stabilizing the commercial linkages between small and medium-sized suppliers and their large firm customers, during the period 2003–2008. We use the panel structure of our dataset to control for observables and time-invariant unobservable factors that affect the participation and performance of firms. We find that both small and medium enterprises and large firms benefited from the coordination efforts. The program increased sales, employment, and the sustainability of small and medium-sized suppliers; it also increased the sales of large firms and raised their ability to become exporters. In addition, we find that the timing of the effect is different for suppliers and large firms. While the effect on suppliers appeared 1 year after the firms enrolled in the program, the effect on large firms took 2 years to appear.
Utility of a Partner Communication Scale and a Personal Meaning Scale in Newly Diagnosed HIV-Infected Persons

No studies to our knowledge have examined the Lepore Social Constraint Scale or Fife Constructed Meaning Scale in recently diagnosed HIV-infected persons. Twenty-four participants in a prospective observational cohort completed the social-constraint measure, and 47 completed the constructed-meaning scale at either 3 or 9 months after diagnosis. Participants completed a 4-week visual analogue scale to assess adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and validated depression and self-efficacy scales. Spearman correlation coefficients compared measures. In cross-sectional analyses, participants with higher social-constraint scores had lower constructed meaning and adherence. Higher social constraint correlated negatively with self-efficacy and positively with depression. Higher constructed-meaning scores did not correlate with adherence but correlated positively with self-efficacy and negatively with depression. The quality of HIV-infected individuals' discussions of HIV with their partners and positive constructed meaning were associated with better mental health and could be targets for improving medication adherence.
STRUCTURE THEORY OF L (ℝ, μ ) AND ITS APPLICATIONS

In this paper, we explore the structure theory of L(R, μ) under the hypothesis L(R, μ) “AD + μ is a normal fine measure on Pω1(R)” and give some applications. First we show that “ZFC + there exist ω2 Woodin cardinals”1 has the same consistency strength as “AD + ω1 is R-supercompact”. During this process we show that if L(R, μ) AD then in fact L(R, μ) AD. Next we prove important properties of L(R, μ) including Σ1-reflection and the uniqueness of μ in L(R, μ). Then we give the computation of full HOD in L(R, μ). Finally, we use Σ1-reflection and Pmax forcing to construct a certain ideal on Pω1(R) (or equivalently on Pω1(ω2) in this situation) that has the same consistency strength as “ZFC + there exist ω2 Woodin cardinals.”
Antioxidants put Parkinson flies back in the PINK.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease, affecting ≈1% of people above age 50. PD is clinically characterized by age-dependent uncontrollable tremor, postural imbalance, slowness of movement, and rigidity. The most salient pathological feature of PD is a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the midbrain (1, 2). The majority of PD cases are sporadic; however, ≈10–15% are familial, and mutations in at least six loci are known to cause PD. Several of these PD genes are associated with ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation and the abnormal accumulation of proteins such as α-synuclein in cytoplasmic aggregates known as Lewy bodies. There is also evidence that oxidative stress and defects in mitochondrial function, particularly in complex I, may contribute to PD (3). Exposure of humans or mice to the environmental toxins MPTP, paraquot, or rotenone results in acute and irreversible parkinsonism. These toxins impair mitochondrial function and consequently increase free radical production and oxidative stress. The age-dependent and progressive nature of the disease, as well as the fact that most PD cases are sporadic, suggest that environmental factors also play important roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. A favored hypothesis of PD pathogenesis is that genetic changes sensitize dopaminergic neurons to intrinsic or extrinsic insults, leading to the eventual loss of these neurons and to parkinsonism. Previous studies have shown that the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is a suitable model for analyzing the function of genes involved in PD (4, 5). In this issue of PNAS, Wang et al. (6) expand the analysis of PD in Drosophila to examine the role of PTEN-Induced Kinase 1 (PINK1), a mitochondrial protein. They find that reducing the activity of the single Drosophila homolog of PINK1 (dPINK1) induces a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and retinal neurons, which are phenotypes similar to the pathological changes in human PD. The authors also find that the human PINK1 gene can substitute for the function of dPINK1, indicating that this kinase functions as part of a highly conserved genetic pathway. One of the most important findings of this study, which is relevant to the development of potential therapies for PD, is that treatment with antioxidants such as vitamin E or expression of human SOD1 can protect dPINK1-deficient flies from neural degeneration.
Segmenting casino gamblers by involvement profiles: a Colorado example

Abstract This study attempts to evaluate characteristics of casino gamblers and to develop market segmentation profiles based on recreational involvement patterns of the gamblers who visited a new gaming locale, Black Hawk, Colorado, that had instituted limited stakes gambling in 1991. In this study, casino gamblers to Black Hawk were classified into four clusters based on their involvement profiles. Similarities and differences across the four segments were discussed in terms of behavioral and personal characteristics, intentions to participate in other activities in the gaming town, and perceptions of Black Hawk. Research and management implications are proposed.
Evaluating international consumption risk sharing gains: An asset return view

Abstract International consumption risk sharing studies often generate counterfactual implications for asset return behavior with potentially misleading results. We address this contradiction using data moments of consumption and asset returns to fit a canonical international consumption risk sharing framework. Introducing persistent consumption risk, we find that its correlation across countries is more important for risk sharing than that of transitory risk. To identify these risk components, we jointly exploit the comovement of equity returns and consumption. This identification implies high correlations in persistent consumption risk, suggesting a strong degree of existing risk sharing despite low consumption correlations in the data.
Asymptotic Solutions of the Restricted Three-Body Problem by Use of Perturbation Methods

This work presents a comparison of matching asymptotic solutions for the limiting case of the restricted three-body problem by the use of perturbation methods. The problem is of a singular-perturbation type. We investigate two alternative methods to deal with it: the classical method of matched asymptotic expansions and the improved method of matched asymptotic expansions. Two expansions, outer and inner, are involved. The outer expansion breaks down in the inner region where sharp changes occur, and the inner expansion becomes nonuniformly valid in the outer region. To obtain a uniformly valid composite solution, we need a matching procedure to relate these two expansions. Instead of straightforward matching of the outer and inner expansions to higher-order terms, in the improved technique the higher-order solutions are derived by generating perturbations between the lower-order composite solutions and the exact solutions. The perturbation equations are then integrated in the outer and inner regions, respectively, for a higher-order matching. Improved asymptotic solutions of second order are obtained for the limiting case of the restricted three-body problem. Compared to the solutions obtained by the classical method of matched asymptotic expansions and the pure numerical integration for various values of a small parameter μ, the improved asymptotic solutions are very accurate. Moreover, the asymptotic solutions obtained by use of the improved method give better accuracy than those using the classical method over wide ranges of the small parameter.
Accounting Data and Value: The Basic Results*

Subsequent to Feltham and Ohlson 1995 and Ohlson 1995, the accounting literature has published a large numbers of papers on accounting data and value.1 A review of this literature reveals that many themes and insights recur across the papers. With the advantage of hindsight, the repetitions seem inefficient. A student who takes a stab at familiarizing herself with subject matter naturally tends to view such a state of affairs as less than ideal. Questions like “What is it that I really need to understand?” or “Taken in its totality, what ideas and results make the literature tick?” arise. This paper addresses the essence of such questions. It states the central results as eight simple formal propositions. Because all the propositions are freestanding, they can, at least in principle, be internalized independently of each other. But the sequencing is in fact relevant because it introduces step-by-step increasingly sophisticated concepts. The concepts build upon each other; the propositions’ analytical simplicity should, therefore, not be taken as a sign that they are conceptually simplistic. Much discussion follows the propositions to spell out their broader significance. And the paper approaches this task always maintaining the texture of accounting: the central variables are earnings, book values, and dividends. The paper does not digress on proofs and finer analytical points. These aspects are of little interest, which is another way of saying that the paper focuses squarely on analytical constructs/representations and how these fit together. Nor does this paper elaborate on the extent to which the literature has already dealt with the results or insights. There is no question that most, if not all, results have had some kind of presence and thus lack novelty. That said, such cataloguing and related discussion would have been long and tedious without facilitating a better understanding of the insights I wish to convey. Aside from trying to systemize the literature, and thereby making it more accessible to the average reader, the paper also has a more ambitious objective. It goes to the heart of subject matter: the exposition should give the reader the sense that all pieces and insights interrelate logically and conceptually. In other words, the task at hand is to go beyond a listing of useful results (though this should hopefully be the case, too), and instead give a sense of how the various pieces coalesce into a whole. The development of such a coherent mental map allows the reader to think of the broad literature in an integrated fashion, rather than as consisting of loosely connected, or even competing, models that primarily differ in their empirical
“You Can Count On Me!” The Power and Inevitability of the Relational in Clinical Social Work Practice

Goldstein, E. G., Miehls, D., & Ringel, S. (2009). Advanced Clinical Social Work Practice: Relational Principles and Techniques. New York: Columbia University Press, 238 pages. $89.50 hardcover/$35...
The Call Centre and Its Many Players

Call centres have been presented as a poster child for many things ranging from a leap in management success, to a locale of total panoptic power, to electronic sweatshops, to the latest effort in deskilling physical and emotional labour for corporate profit, to an outpost of corporate empire. Proponents of these positions frame their assertions with theoretical positions that advance particular views of either ‘nature’ or ‘society’ as the commonsensically-present ‘active ingredient’ behind the forces at play. Aided by actor-network theory, this article attempts to avoid these theoretically-constructed positions to describe how some of the many and varied actors (both human and non-human) contribute to the day-to-day production of call centres and call centre work in and of themselves. Through this analysis, the article demonstrates how artefacts produced in the field itself both help and enable self-discipline of the living in an ongoing reflective accomplishment of order.
Ruth Kartun-Blum. Profane Scriptures: Reflections on the Dialogue with the Bible in Modern Hebrew Poetry . Cincinnati, Hebrew Union College Press, 1999. 97 pp.

In this slim yet analytically sophisticated volume, Kartun-Blum, professor of Hebrew literature at Hebrew University, seeks to elucidate the “noisy existence” of the modern Hebrew poet who is forced to contend with the echoes of traditional texts and the multiple, diachronic registers of the revived Hebrew language. The work consists of three chapters, the first of which, “The Prophet's Tongue in Our Cheek,” serves as an introduction to the use made of the Bible in modern Hebrew poetry. Building on this framework, in the second and longest section of the book, she engages the motif of the Binding of Isaac, and in the last chapter she offers a reading of a poem by Yona Wallach. In her analysis, she incorporates the insights to be gleaned from the perspectives of intertextuality, deconstruction, and feminist criticism. This book is based on the Efroymson Lectures delivered by the author at Hebrew Union College in 1995, although the core of the thesis developed in the chapter on the Binding of Isaac motif appeared in Prooftexts (September 1988).
Solitaire: Man Versus Machine

In this paper, we use the rollout method for policy improvement to analyze a version of Klondike solitaire. This version, sometimes called thoughtful solitaire, has all cards revealed to the player, but then follows the usual Klondike rules. A strategy that we establish, using iterated rollouts, wins about twice as many games on average as an expert human player does.
Supermodels and robustness

When search techniques are used to solve a practical problem, the solution produced is often brittle in the sense that small execution difficulties can have an arbitrarily large effect on the viability of the solution. The AI community has responded to this difficulty by investigating the development of "robust problem solvers" that are intended to be proof against this difficulty.We argue that robustness is best cast not as a property of the problem solver, but as a property of the solution. We introduce a new class of models for a logical theory, called supermodels, that captures this idea. Supermodels guarantee that the model in question is robust, and allow us to quantify the degree to which it is so.We investigate the theoretical properties of supermodels, showing that finding supermodels is typically of the same theoretical complexity as finding models. We provide a general way to modify a logical theory so that a model of the modified theory is a supermodel of the original. Experimentally, we show that the supermodel problem exhibits phase transition behavior similar to that found in other satisfiability work.
Rural Economic Development in the United States: An Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Business and Industry Guaranteed Loan Program

The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Business and Industry (B&I) Guaranteed Loan Program guarantees loans made by rural banks to rural businesses. The author evaluates B&I's effectiveness in increasing employment using basic ordinary least squares (OLS) and propensity score matching models. The author finds a robust association between loan reception and increased employment growth. A loan of $1,000 per capita is accompanied by a 3% to 6% increase in employment-per-capita growth and a 3% to 5% decrease in earnings-per-worker growth over the 2 years after the loan, leaving the effect on total county earnings indeterminate. The author concludes that the B&I loan program subsidizes loans associated with increased employment growth, although the jobs created are lower paying than average.
Effects of thallium salts on neuronal mitochondria in organotypic cord-ganglia-muscle combination cultures

A functionally coupled organotypic complex of cultured dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord peripheral nerve, and muscle has been employed in an experimental approach to the investigation of the neurotoxic effects of thallium. Selected cultures, grown for up to 12 wk in vitro, were exposed to thallous salts for periods ranging up to 4 days. Cytopathic effects were first detected after 2 h of exposure with the appearance of considerably enlarged mitochondria in axons of peripheral nerve fibers. With time, the matrix space of these mitochondria became progressively swollen, transforming the organelle into an axonal vacuole bounded by the original outer mitochondrial membrane. Coalescence of adjacent axonal vacuoles produced massive internal axon compartments, the membranes of which were shown by electron microprobe mass spectrometry to have an affinity for thallium. Other axoplasmic components were displaced within a distended but intact axolemma. The resultant fiber swelling caused myelin retraction from nodes of Ranvier but no degeneration. Impulses could still propagate along the nerve fibers throughout the time course of the experiment. Comparable, but less severe changes were seen in dorsal root ganglion neurons and in central nerve fibers. Other cell types showed no mitochondrial change. It is uncertain how these findings relate to the neurotoxic effects of thallium in vivo, but a sensitivity of the nerve cell and especially its axon to thallous salts is indicated.
Protein biomarkers and microbial profiles in peri-implantitis.

Objectives The aim of the present investigation was to determine the profile of peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) biomarkers combined with microbial profiles from implants with healthy peri-implant tissues and peri-implantitis to assess real-time disease activity. Material and methods Sixty-eight patients were included in this cross-sectional study. They were divided into two groups: 34 patients with at least one healthy implant (control) and 34 with at least one peri-implantitis affected implant (test). Total DNA content and qPCR analysis for periodontal bacteria obtained from subgingival plaque samples (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola) and a PICF analysis for IL-1β, VEGF, MMP-8, TIMP-2, and OPG were performed. The individual and combined diagnostic ability of each biomarker for peri-implantitis and target bacterial species were analyzed. Results The mean concentration of IL-1β (44.6 vs. 135.8 pg/ml; P < 0.001), TIMP-2 (5488.3 vs. 9771.8 pg/ml; P = 0.001), VEGF (59.1 vs. 129.0 pg/ml; P = 0.012), and OPG (66.5 vs. 111.7 pg/ml; P = 0.050) was increased in the peri-implantitis patients. The mean expression of MMP-8 (6029.2 vs. 5943.1 pg/ml; P = 0.454) and did not reveal a meaningful difference among groups. Total bacterial DNA of selected microorganisms was associated with a threefold or greater increase in peri-implantitis although no statistical significant difference. The ability to diagnose diseased sites was enhanced by T. denticola combined with IL-1β, VEGF, and TIMP-2 PICF levels. Conclusion The present data suggest that the increased levels of the selected PICF-derived biomarkers of periodontal tissue inflammation, matrix degradation/regulation, and alveolar bone turnover/resorption combined with site-specific microbial profiles may be associated with peri-implantitis and could have potential as predictors of peri-implant diseases.
Hybrid dynamic/quadratic programming algorithm for interconnect tree optimization

We present an algorithm for delay minimization of interconnect trees by simultaneous buffer insertion/sizing and wire sizing in this paper. Both wire widths and buffer sizes are chosen from user-defined discrete sets. Our algorithm integrates the quadratic programming approach for handling a wire branch into the dynamic programming (DP) framework. Our experimental results show that our hybrid dynamic/quadratic programming algorithm is faster, more accurate, and uses considerably less memory than the pure DP approach.
Log-likelihood ratio based detection ordering for the V-BLAST

We propose a new detection ordering for the V-BLAST. The main idea is to detect and cancel sub-streams in order of the magnitude of log-likelihood ratio (LLR), i.e. the symbol with the largest magnitude of LLR is detected first. The motivation is that the reliability of data decision increases with increasing magnitude of LLR. As a result, the error propagation associated with a wrong decision and the resulting error probability for the remaining sub-streams can be minimized. It is shown that the proposed LLR-based ordering significantly outperforms the conventional SNR-based ordering. Simplified LLR-based ordering and envelope-based ordering that require a much less computation, but provide a performance virtually identical to the LLR-based ordering, are also proposed.
The evolution of molar occlusion in the Cercopithecidae and early Catarrhines.

Those Eocene prosimians which are possible catarrhine ancestors have four blade-like crests on each lower molar. Each crest shears in sequence across two upper molar crests. Occluding crests are concavely curved to hold the foods being sheared. Each of two medial lower molar crests bordering the principal crushing surface shear past single upper molar crests at about the same time the lateral lower molar crests contact the second rank of upper molar crests. Grinding and crushing areas are restricted to hypoconid, trigonid, and protocone surfaces. Oligocene catarrhine molars have increased crushing-grinding capacities and maintained but modify their shearing. As the crushing surface of the protocone expands and a crushing hypocone is added, the “second rank” upper molar shearing crests are functionally reduced. At the same time medial crests are increasingly emphasized so that the total shearing capacity remains virtually unchanged. Marginal shearing blades are straight edged; leading edges of occluding blades are set at different angles to the occlusal plane so that blades contact at only one point at any given time. Early Primates have separate crushing basins surrounded by shearing blades. Catarrhines tend to link expanding crushing surfaces anteroposteriorly into a continuous surface between all molars. A cladistic analysis based on both new and previously recognized characters indicates that: 1, Apidium may be more closely related to Aegyptopithecus than to Parapithecus; 2, cercopithecids are derived from a Parapithecus-related stock; 3, Oreopithecus could equally well have come from an Apidium or Aegyptopithecus stock.
A real-time garbage collector with low overhead and consistent utilization

Now that the use of garbage collection in languages like Java is becoming widely accepted due to the safety and software engineering benefits it provides, there is significant interest in applying garbage collection to hard real-time systems. Past approaches have generally suffered from one of two major flaws: either they were not provably real-time, or they imposed large space overheads to meet the real-time bounds. We present a mostly non-moving, dynamically defragmenting collector that overcomes both of these limitations: by avoiding copying in most cases, space requirements are kept low; and by fully incrementalizing the collector we are able to meet real-time bounds. We implemented our algorithm in the Jikes RVM and show that at real-time resolution we are able to obtain mutator utilization rates of 45% with only 1.6--2.5 times the actual space required by the application, a factor of 4 improvement in utilization over the best previously published results. Defragmentation causes no more than 4% of the traced data to be copied.
A Dynamic Mobility Management Scheme for VoIP Services

In order to provide seamless VoIP service in the mobile wireless environment, we need to minimize the disruption time to process a handoff of an ongoing VoIP call. There are several schemes focusing on this issue. However, they require a lot of signaling message exchanges, resulting in exposures of confidential information of the mobile nodes in network. We propose a Dynamic Shadow Registration scheme eliminating these disadvantages. Our simulation results show our scheme can significantly reduce the message overhead with maintaining almost the same handoff delay with other schemes.
Disappearance of intradermally administered plasma immunoglobulins and skin-sensitizing antibodies☆

Abstract Serum antibodies, or reagins, responsible for immediate type hypersensitivity reactions in allergic patients are characterized by their ability to sensitize other individuals on passive transfer; it is generally agreed that an important feature of such sensitization is the firm attachment of these antibodies to the tissues. In the present report, the fixation of antibodies to skin in man was examined by studying the disappearance of skin-sensitizing antibodies, radioiodinated γG-, γA-, and γM-globulins, and radioiodinated albumin from the skin after intradermal injection. Skin-sensitizing antibodies to ragweed disappeared from the intradermal injection site with a half-life of 4.2 to 4.9 days; radioiodinated γG-globulin disappeared from the skin with a half-life of 1.8 ± 0.2 days, radioiodinated γA-globulin had a half-life of 2.4 ± 0.3 days, and radioiodinated γM-globulin had a half-life of 1.7 ± 0.4 days. Radioiodinated albumin disappeared from the intradermal site with a half-life of 1.1 ± 0.2 days. The fractional rate of disappearance of the immunoglobulins was relatively constant to levels as low as 0.1 μg of injected protein, and the fractional disappearance of skin-sensitizing antibodies continued to be constant until the skin-sensitizing antibody activity could no longer be evoked by antigenic challenge. Although the disappearance of skin-sensitizing antibody activity from the intradermal injection site was somewhat slower than that of the radioidinated immunoglobulins, there was no evidence from these data of any firm or irreversible binding of either the reagins or the immunoglobulins to the skin.
Periodic control for a blimp-like dynamical robot

We present a control algorithm to control underactuated mechanical systems that evolve in the configuration space with the fiber bundle structure. We show that by using the geometric tools such as symmetric product and small amplitude periodic forcing, we can develop unique techniques to control the underactuated dynamic system, such as an unmanned blimp.
An Attempt to Identify Some Factors Predicting Positive Experience in On-Campus Accommodation

Neuroticism, extroversion, attachment anxiety, and inauthentic self-presentation, were investigated as predictors of university students’ quality of experience in on-campus accommodation. A model of these factors reliably predicted measures of college experience. Only neuroticism was found to make a significant contribution to the prediction, but further investigation of the results is required. Interestingly, some of the measures of quality of experience did not correlate with each other. These results have implications for administration of on-campus residences and raise questions about the way in which experience in residences interacts with the general experience of university.
Sources of Uncertainty in the Application of the Equilibrium Partitioning Approach to Sediment Quality Assessment

One widely discussed method to assess biological impact of contaminated sediments is through the application of the equilibrium partitioning model. The partitioning model can be used to develop normalized chemical concentrations that can be correlated to biological effects resulting from sediment contamination. The application of the equilibrium partitioning model requires the measurement or estimation of several model variables. However, the combined uncertainties in the determination of these variables may limit the usefulness of this approach. Uncertainty in estimated pore water effects concentrations and analytical variability of three chemical measurements was investigated using Monte Carlo simulation. Results of Monte Carlo simulations indicated that the levels of analytical uncertainties in the study were acceptable. However, the results also revealed that analytical variability can significantly impair interpretation of the data and should be considered in the choice among different analytical methods. Investigation of duplicate field samples collected in the study indicated an additional source of uncertainty from the occurrence of spatially heterogeneous contaminant distributions.