cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Transformation Now!: Toward a Post‐Oppositional Politics of Change AnaLouise Keating. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2013.

Transformation Now!: Toward a Post-Oppositional Politics of Change AnaLouise Keating. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2013.In Transformation Now!: Toward a Post-Oppositional Politics of Change AnaLouise Keating calls for a radical restructuring of approaches to social movements that currently use oppositional thinking reliant upon binaries, leaving space for neither nuanced discussion nor compromise. This "oppositional consciousness represents a binary either/or epistemology and praxis that structures our perceptions, politics, and actions through a resistant energy-a reaction against that which we seek to transform" (2). She works to show the reader that these practices "are too limited to bring about the long-term transformation we need. Oppositional politics and oppositional thinking have not enabled us to radically transform society" (3). The book works to push readers to consider new "theoretical, thematic, and methodological" approaches to social justice movements (4). Keating works to enact po stopp ositio nal stances in her own writing in an attempt to "offer viable additions and alternatives to the oppositional forms of consciousness and politics that currently drive social-justice theorizing, activism, and academic disciplines" (5). In her own writing that slips away from the tradition of the oppositional academic rhetorical stance and in using slippery punctuation (such as a reliance on parentheses to complicate her own arguments), Keating offers a manual that outlines theory and praxis of a movement she feels necessary to bring about sustained social change.Her main audience is feminist scholars who work on issues of gender studies, women's studies, and intersectionality. A key component of the change she asks this audience to do is work on "the centering of woman-of-color texts," specifically by those writing within the Americas such as Gloria Anzaldda, with whom Keating collaborated in the past (4). Her call to incorporate what she calls "threshold theories" in classrooms and theoretical conversations asks that scholars and students recognize their "radical interconnectedness" and foster nonoppositional politics (11).After a clear introduction that explains the concepts of oppositional and po stopp ositio nal resistance, Keating offers six chapters that outline texts and approaches to radical transformation in social justice movements. Each chapter has a specific sphere of scholarship that she wishes to transform-"feminist scholarship, women's and gender studies, and queer theory (Chapter 1); canonical definitions of 'American' selfhood. …
Developmental Diversity in the Academic Language-Learning Experiences of Adult English as a Second or Other Language Learners: A Constructive-Developmental Study.

Academic language is a challenging yet increasingly important skill for Adult Basic Education/English as a Second or Other Language learners. Related to academic language learning is an adult’s dev...
The next frontier: stem cells and the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space.

Abstract The Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS) manages the International Space Station U.S. National Laboratory, supporting space-based research that seeks to improve life on E...
Modes of high-latitude auroral conductance variability derived from DMSP energetic electron precipitation observations: Empirical orthogonal function analysis

We provide the first ever characterization of the primary modes of ionospheric Hall and Pedersen conductance variability as empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs). These are derived from six satellite years of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) particle data acquired during the rise of solar cycles 22 and 24. The 60 million DMSP spectra were each processed through the Global Airlglow Model. Ours is the first large-scale analysis of ionospheric conductances completely free of assumption of the incident electron energy spectra. We show that the mean patterns and first four EOFs capture ∼50.1 and 52.9% of the total Pedersen and Hall conductance variabilities, respectively. The mean patterns and first EOFs are consistent with typical diffuse auroral oval structures and quiet time strengthening/weakening of the mean pattern. The second and third EOFs show major disturbance features of magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) interactions: geomagnetically induced auroral zone expansion in EOF2 and the auroral substorm current wedge in EOF3. The fourth EOFs suggest diminished conductance associated with ionospheric substorm recovery mode. We identify the most important modes of ionospheric conductance variability. Our results will allow improved modeling of the background error covariance needed for ionospheric assimilative procedures and improved understanding of MI coupling processes.
Transfer Technique Is Associated With Shoulder Pain and Pathology in People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Investigation

Abstract Objectives To evaluate how transfer technique and subject characteristics relate to ultrasound measures of shoulder soft tissue pathology and self-reported shoulder pain during transfers in a sample of wheelchair users with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting Research laboratory, national and local veterans' wheelchair sporting events. Participants A convenience sample of wheelchair users (N=76) with nonprogressive SCI. Participants were aged >18 years, >1 year postinjury, and could complete repeated independent wheelchair transfers without the use of their leg muscles. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Transfer pain items from the Wheelchair User's Shoulder Pain Index; transfer technique assessed using the Transfer Assessment Instrument (TAI); and shoulder pathology markers examined using the Ultrasound Shoulder Pathology Rating Scale (USPRS). Results Better transfer technique (higher TAI) correlated with less injury (lower USPRS) (partial η 2 =.062, P 2 =.049, P 2 =.225, supraspinatus grade: partial η 2 =.174, P P R 2 =.422, P R 2 =.200, P R 2 =.018, P >.05). Conclusions Participants with better transfer technique exhibited less shoulder pathology and reported less pain during transfers. The relationship between technique and pathology was strongest in lower-weight participants. While causation cannot be proven because of study design, it is possible that using a better transfer technique and optimizing body weight could reduce the incidence of shoulder pathology and pain.
Flotation process of phosphate-ilmenite ore

In order to recover phosphate and ilmenite from a phosphate-ilmenite ore,the floatation tests of adopting the circuit of floating apatite and then floating ilmenite were conducted.The phosphate concentrate with P2O5 36.99% and P2O5 recovery 89.07%,and the ilmenite concentrate with TiO2 47.17% and TiO2 recovery 51.33% were obtained.
Utilization analysis on antineoplastic molecular targeted drugs in hospitals of 6 cities of Yangtze River valley during 2004-2007

AIM To evaluate the neoplastic targeted therapy by analyzing the application of molecular targeted drugs(MTD) in 6 cities of Yangtze River from 2004 to 2007.METHODS The drugs for neoplastic molecular targeted therapy in joint internet hospitals of 6 cities from 2004-2007 were analyzed according to the orders of cost and DDDs in databass of each city.RESULTS The total cost for application of neoplastic MTDs increased rapidly from RMB 19.24 million in 2004 to RMB 173 million in 2007, with a high annually mean elevation rate as 107.98%.Among the 6 cities, shanghai was the number one showing highest total drug expense while Chengdu has the highest annual mean increase in expense rate.The increase of signal transduction blocker(STB) was much quicker than that of antineoplastic monoclonal antibody(AMA) and its DDDs was higher than that of AMA.CONCLUSION The total application of neoplastic MTD increase significantly, implying the acknowledgement with combination of traditional chemotherapy more in cancer therapy.With wider indications and less cost, application of STB is more extending than that of AMA.
Nicotine as a Discriminative Stimulus: A Neurobiobehavioral Approach to Studying Central Cholinergic Mechanisms

A major goal of basic nicotine research is to obtain information useful to the clinician in determining why and how people become dependent on this substance via the use of tobacco products. To accomplish this, the basic scientist must first develop an animal model of nicotine action that is parallel to its effects in humans. This review describes such a model, based on the ability of nicotine to exert discriminative stimulus (DS) control over behavior. The nicotine DS, as studied in the rat, mouse, or subhuman primate, appears to provide information analogous to human subjective reports concerning the effects of smoking. Findings indicate that nicotine is specific and selective in its actions, explaining, in part, why tobacco is dependence-producing. The nicotine DS effect is stereoselective and appears to be the result of an action at specific central nicotinic cholinergic (N-Ch) receptors located in at least two brain areas, the hippocampus and midbrain reticular formation. Whether acetylcholine is the mediator of nicotine's effects at these receptor sites, as was once thought, has yet to be clearly determined. Finally, these N-Ch receptors appear to have a wide distribution and may also sit on presynaptic dopamine neurons, helping to explain some of nicotine's additional behavioral and/or rewarding effects.
A Website Analysis of Mentoring Programs for Latina Faculty at the 25 Top-Ranked National Universities

The authors focused their investigation on Latino faculty, who represent the largest minority group in the United States. They point out that the numbers of faculty continue to be marginal as compared to White males and females. They hypothesized that the invisibility of mentoring programs from universities’ Websites reflect the perfunctory importance these institutions give to ensuring that Latinas are provided with ethno-cultural appropriate mentoring aimed at their acclimatization to institutions, which does not mean that they must leave behind their ethnic and linguistic identities. The authors bring strong insights regarding the status of minority faculty and the need to have mentoring programs to support them, as well as the importance to publish mentoring policies and guidelines in their Websites as a reflection of the importance to the success of all faculty, and more specifically to Latino/a faculty.
Computing the minimum DNF representation of Boolean functions defined by intervals

For any two n-bit numbers a ≤ b define the Boolean function f[a,b] : {0, 1}n → {0, 1} to be the function for which f[a,b] (x) = 1 if and only if x is the binary representation of a number in the interval [a, b]. We consider the disjunctive normal form representation of such functions, and show how to compute such a representation with a minimum number of disjuncts in linear time. We also show how to compute a minimum "disjoint" representation; i.e., a representation in which the domains of the disjuncts are mutually disjoint. The minimum disjunctive normal form can be applied to devise efficient constraint satisfaction systems for automatic generation of test patterns.
Women's Mental Health and Intimate Partner Violence Following Natural Disaster: A Scoping Review

Introduction Survivors of natural disasters in the United States experience significant health ramifications. Women particularly are vulnerable to both post-disaster posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, and research has documented that these psychopathological sequelae often are correlated with increased incidence of intimate partner violence (IPV). Understanding the link between these health concerns is crucial to informing adequate disaster response and relief efforts for victims of natural disaster. PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to report the results of a scoping review on the specific mental health effects that commonly impact women following natural disasters, and to develop a conceptual framework with which to guide future research. METHODS: A scoping review of mental and physical health effects experienced by women following natural disasters in the United States was conducted. Articles from 2000-2015 were included. Databases examined were PubMed, PsycInfo, Cochrane, JSTOR, Web of Science, and databases available through ProQuest, including ProQuest Research Library. RESULTS: A total of 58 articles were selected for inclusion, out of an original 149 that were selected for full-text review. Forty-eight articles, or 82.8%, focused on mental health outcomes. Ten articles, or 17.2%, focused on IPV. DISCUSSION Certain mental health outcomes, including PTSD, depression, and other significant mental health concerns, were recurrent issues for women post-disaster. Despite the strong correlation between experience of mental health consequences after disaster and increased risk of domestic violence, studies on the risk and mediating factors are rare. The specific challenges faced by women and the interrelation between negative mental health outcomes and heightened exposure to IPV following disasters require a solid evidence base in order to facilitate the development of effective interventions. Additional research informed by theory on probable health impacts is necessary to improve development/implementation of emergency relief policy. Bell SA , Folkerth LA. Women's mental health and intimate partner violence following natural disaster: a scoping review. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(6):1-10. Language: en
Trait and state rumination interact to prolong cortisol activation to psychosocial stress in females

There is a growing realization that cognitive processes associated with stress coping, such as rumination and distraction, can impact the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis (HPA-axis). Yet, little is known about what aspects of the HPA-axis stress response (rate of activation, duration of activation, rate of recovery) is impacted by such cognitive processes. This study examines the impact of both ruminative trait tendencies and experimentally induced rumination on salivary cortisol responses to a social evaluative stress task. Participants (n=71) were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and were then randomized to complete either a rumination or distraction task. Trait rumination was also assessed at baseline. Results showed no main effects of either trait rumination or experimental condition, but they interacted to predict the cortisol response. Specifically, participants high in trait rumination had prolonged duration of cortisol activation in the rumination condition, compared to those in the distraction condition. In contrast, cortisol responses of participants with low trait rumination did not differ by condition. Notably, our interaction effect was only significant in females. Our findings highlight the complex relationship between rumination and HPA-axis activity, suggesting an interaction of trait and state rumination in shaping HPA-axis responses to stress, and call attention to sex differences in this relationship.
In Short Supply: Efficiency Implications of Rational Attention Allocation

A large literature studies the interaction of option and stock markets. However, most of this literature focuses on the effect of listing of equity options and trading on underlying stock prices and firm policies. This paper contributes to this literature by investigating the impact of options listing on industry peer stock prices and firm value. I find that options listing leads to reallocation of limited investor attention. Investors allocate more attention towards listed stocks at the expense of peer stocks following options listing. This reallocation leads to a decline in informational efficiency and market quality for peer stocks. Further, lower informational efficiency negatively affects firm value and profitability for peer firms. Contrary to the extant literature, these findings highlight a negative externality generated by options listing on the stock market.
Integrating live-cell fluorescent microscopy and signal processing to discover the relationship of invadopodia digging cycles with extracellular matrix crosslinking ratio

While the study of many processes happening in a single living cell has become easier than ever via live-cell fluorescent microscopy, the dynamic nature of such processes has highlighted the importance of signal processing.
Low adherence to national guidelines for proton-pump inhibitor prescription in patients receiving combination aspirin and anticoagulation.

Background:Aspirin, when used with concurrent anticoagulation, increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). Therefore, multisociety guidelines recommend prophylactic proton-pump inhibitor...
Experimental evolution and the dynamics of adaptation and genome evolution in microbial populations

Evolution is an on-going process, and it can be studied experimentally in organisms with rapid generations. My team has maintained 12 populations of Escherichia coli in a simple laboratory environment for >25 years and 60 000 generations. We have quantified the dynamics of adaptation by natural selection, seen some of the populations diverge into stably coexisting ecotypes, described changes in the bacteria’s mutation rate, observed the new ability to exploit a previously untapped carbon source, characterized the dynamics of genome evolution and used parallel evolution to identify the genetic targets of selection. I discuss what the future might hold for this particular experiment, briefly highlight some other microbial evolution experiments and suggest how the fields of experimental evolution and microbial ecology might intersect going forward.
Leadership and Management Are One and the Same

Defining the attributes of change catalysts within high functioning organizations, including the academic enterprise, is desirable. An understanding of these attributes within our academy may foster faculty interest and engagement in seeking administrative roles and serve to bolster succession planning within our schools. On one hand, there have been numerous publications teasing out the purported differences between leadership and management. On the other hand, does segregating these important characteristics based upon arbitrary distinctions do more harm than good? This commentary represents the work of a group of academic leaders participating in the 2015-2016 AACP Academic Leadership Fellowship Program. This work was presented as a debate at the 2016 AACP Interim Meeting in Tampa, Florida, in February 2016.
The Relationship between GEAR UP Program Involvement and Latina/o Students' Performance on High-Stakes Tests.

ABSTRACTTo assess the impact of a college preparation program, district-wide changes in high-stakes test pass rates are examined, followed by an examination of specific program elements that are associated with students’ score changes. Changes in pass rates for districts with and without services are compared for the Latina/o and overall student populations. This study also examines the relationship between hours of participation in various elements of the college preparation program and changes in test scores of low-income Latina/o students. Results indicate that key program elements related to improvements in test scores include participation in mentoring and summer programs.
Internal resonance of T-shaped structure for energy harvesting with magnetic nonlinearity

This paper describes the finite element modeling and experimental testing of a magnetic T-shaped piezoelectric energy harvester that activates the internal resonance phenomena to increase voltage output and frequency bandwidth. The harvester consists of two magnets and two coupled beams, a cantilever piezoelectric beam attached to a clamped-clamped beam. A finite-element model is used to obtain the global mode shapes and natural frequencies of the system. We controlled the distance between the two magnets to achieve a nonlinear phenomenon of internal resonance of the structure, where the 2:1 ratio is satisfied between the modal natural frequencies. The T-shaped structure is combined with the magnetic nonlinearity such that a large, distinct internal resonance can occur at much lower excitation levels compared to a T-shaped structure without magnetic nonlinearity. Presented experimental results validate the benefits of the T-shaped structure nonlinearity when combined with a magnetic nonlinearity to achieve higher bandwidth and large responses, which can improve the energy conversion efficiency of the vibration energy harvester.
Enthalpies of dilution of some aqueous transition metal sulfate solutions at 25°C

Enthalpies of dilution of aqueous solutions of the transition metal sulfates CoSO4, MnSO4, and NiSO4, were measured from 1.5 to 0.2 mol-kg−1 at 25°C. The apparent molal enthalpy equations of Pitzer were fit to the resulting data and the parameters for these equations presented.
Framework for Interactive M3 Visualization of Microscopic Traffic Simulation

Full comprehension of microscopic traffic simulation (MTS) models has necessitated the development of proper visualizations. Existing MTS models only provide limited capability of two- and/or three...
Closing the gap: Understanding African American asthma knowledge and beliefs.

Abstract Background African American children are disproportionately affected by asthma (13% vs 8% non-Hispanic white Americans) and experience 30% higher asthma-related deaths than whites. Knowledge regarding asthma and asthma treatment among African Americans has been postulated as a potential contributor to this observed health disparity. Compared with the amount of studies on asthma, few investigations provide insight into the baseline knowledge and beliefs of African Americans regarding asthma. Objective Assess knowledge and beliefs regarding asthma symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and stigmas in a general community sample of African Americans. Methods Using community-based participatory research techniques, we developed and implemented a cross-sectional survey to explore asthma knowledge and beliefs among African American adults in a Midwestern city. Results Among the 158 African American adults who completed the survey, general asthma knowledge was good, with awareness of the genetic contribution to asthma and general asthma symptomatology (eg, 92% aware of nighttime cough as a symptom). However, asthma-related misconceptions were also revealed. Thirty-three percent of respondents were concerned about addiction to asthma medication, and 60% of respondents believed that inhaled corticosteroids were dangerous or did not know. Conclusion This study reveals important insights into asthma knowledge and beliefs among African Americans that may be used to address disparities in asthma outcomes in this population.
The accuracy of dominance analysis as a metric to assess relative importance: The joint impact of sampling error variance and measurement unreliability

Dominance analysis (DA) has been established as a useful tool for practitioners and researchers to identify the relative importance of predictors in a linear regression. This article examines the joint impact of two common and pervasive artifacts-sampling error variance and measurement unreliability-on the accuracy of DA. We present Monte Carlo simulations that detail the decrease in the accuracy of DA in the presence of these artifacts, highlighting the practical extent of the inferential mistakes that can be made. Then, we detail and provide a user-friendly program in R (R Core Team, 2017) for estimating the effects of sampling error variance and unreliability on DA. Finally, by way of a detailed example, we provide specific recommendations for how researchers and practitioners should more appropriately interpret and report results of DA. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
The Biopolitics of Feeling: Race, Sex, and Science in the Nineteenth Century

The French physician Cabanis supplies the epigraph – “to live is to feel” – for The Biopolitics of Feeling, but the keyword of Kyla Schuller's compelling study is not “feeling,” but “impressibility...
Soil Moisture Variability Intensifies and Prolongs Eastern Amazon Temperature and Carbon Cycle Response to El Niño–Southern Oscillation

AbstractEl Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an important driver of climate and carbon cycle variability in the Amazon. Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the equatorial Pacific drive tel...
Leveraging Springshare’s Appointments Scheduler for Research Consultations: Experiences and Recommendations

Providing research consultations is an essential job responsibility for all academic librarians. One software option that can help to facilitate the process of scheduling research consultations is ...
An Overview of the Status and Challenges of CO2 Storage in Minerals and Geological Formations

Since the Industrial Revolution, anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have grown exponentially, accumulating in the atmosphere and leading to global warming. According to the IPCC (IPCC Special Report 2018), atmospheric warming should be less than 2 ℃ to avoid the most serious consequences associated with climate change. This goal can be achieved in part by reducing CO2 emissions, together with capturing and sequestering CO2 from point sources. The most mature storage technique is sequestration in deep saline aquifers. In addition, CO2 can be mineralized and sequestered in solid form by various techniques: ex-situ, surficial and in situ mineralization. Ex situ and surficial approaches may produce valuable products while mitigating environmental hazards. In-situ mineralization uses ultramafic and mafic geological formations for permanent, solid storage. A portfolio that limits warming to less than 2 ℃ by 2100 will include avoiding CO2 emissions and removal of CO2 from air. Regardless of the specific mix of approaches, it will be essential to permanently sequester tens of billions of tons of CO2. Maximizing the potential of all of these storage technologies will help to meet global climate goals. The research agenda published by the National Academy of Science (NASEM 2019) calls for about $1 billion over a 10-20 year time period to advance deployment of CO2 sequestration in deep sedimentary reservoirs at the GtCO2/yr scale and develop CO2 mineralization at the MtCO2/yr scale. This overview study presents the advantages, drawbacks, cost, and CO2 storage potential of each technique, the current and future projects in this domain, and potential sequestration options in geologic formation around the world.
Characterization of kerogen content and activation energy of decomposition using machine learning technologies in combination with numerical simulations of formation heating

Abstract Reliable estimation of organic matter characteristics is essential in source and reservoir rocks evaluation. Their measurement is generally based on well logging and experiments after core sampling. In this study, we present a different approach from these methods to evaluate the characteristics of organic matter, which is based on the numerical simulations in combination with machine learning technologies. Formation heating processes of organic-rich shales and in-situ pyrolysis of kerogen are numerically simulated, where the time-series data of heater temperature are monitored. Here, we consider the whole organic matter composed with kerogen. The monitored heater temperature data are used as an input of inverse modeling by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) to figure out the characteristics of kerogen. Heater temperature acts as an indicator of type and maturity of kerogen, since it is affected by the bulk thermal conductivity of formation, which is a function of dynamically changing rock-and-pore composition by kerogen decomposition. We simulate the processes of electrical heating of 300 different formations, containing either one of Type 1, 2, or 3 kerogen with various amounts and activation energies. ANN method is employed to generate a data-driven model to estimate the unknown kerogen content and activation energy using heater temperature as an input data. SVM method, which categorizes dataset into the multiple classes by using hyperplanes, is applied to classify the dataset of heater temperature into different types of kerogens. Developed ANN and SVM models show great performances in the inversion and classification. The suggested characterization method provides a simple tool of estimating reactivity and type of kerogens. It will be used as a proxy for the inverse modeling of geochemical characterization of organic matter coupled with forward numerical simulations, by reducing the number of simulation runs required in the traditional inverse modeling.
Correction: Towards simultaneous quantification of protease inhibitors and inflammatory biomarkers in serum for people living with HIV

Correction for ‘Towards simultaneous quantification of protease inhibitors and inflammatory biomarkers in serum for people living with HIV’ by Pengyi Wang et al., Anal. Methods, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00098a.
Chapter 5 – Multiprocessor Architectures

This chapter concentrates on multiprocessor architectures. It considers both tightly-coupled multiprocessors and the physically distributed systems used in vehicles. It covers architectures and their components: processors, memory, and networks, and also looks at methodologies for multiprocessor design.
Atypical Facial Pain/Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain

Atypical facial pain (AFP) or persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by persistent facial and/or oral pain not clearly attributable to other facial or dental pathology. The precise incidence and prevalence of PIFP are unknown; however, it is believed to be a rare disease even among the idiopathic chronic pain syndromes. The pathophysiology of PIFP is poorly understood, but the syndrome is generally thought to result from a combination of biological and psychological factors. Alterations in dopaminergic signaling and brainstem excitation have been noted in patients with PIFP; in addition, patients with PIFP often have psychiatric comorbidities. Agents commonly used in the treatment of PIFP include amitriptyline and the other tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), venlafaxine, and fluoxetine; however, there is limited data to support a single treatment pathway. Non-pharmacologic treatment modalities include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as well as non-evidence practices such as acupuncture and hypnosis. Interventional pain strategies include sphenopalatine ganglion block and pulsed radiofrequency treatment. Current research aims to better elucidate the pathophysiology of the condition using sophisticated imaging modalities, as well as to define the role for other pharmacological and interventional treatment strategies.
Ultra-efficient and fully isotropic monolithic microring modulators in a thin-film lithium niobate photonics platform

The large electro-optic coefficient, r33, of thin-film lithium niobate (LN) on insulator makes it an excellent material platform for high-efficiency optical modulators. Using the fundamental transverse magnetic optical mode in Z-cut LN enables isotropic in-plane devices; however, realizing a strong vertical electric field to capitalize on r33 has been challenging. Here we present a symmetric electrode configuration to boost the vertical field strength inside a fully-etched single-mode LN waveguide. We use this design paradigm to demonstrate an ultra-compact fully isotropic microring modulator with a high electro-optic tuning efficiency of 9 pm/V, extinction ratio of 20 dB, and modulation bandwidth beyond 28 GHz. Under quasi-static operation, the tuning efficiency of the modulator reaches 20 pm/V. Fast, efficient, high-contrast modulation will be critical in future optical communication systems while large quasi-static efficiency will enable post-fabrication trimming, thermal compensation, and even complete reconfiguration of microring-based sensor arrays and photonic integrated circuits.
Decreasing the Susceptibility of Malignant Cells to Infection Does Not Impact the Overall Efficacy of Myxoma Virus-Based Oncolytic Virotherapy

Oncolytic virotherapy relies on the induction of anti-tumor immune responses to achieve therapeutic efficacy. The factors that influence the induction of these responses, however, are not well understood. To begin to address this lack of knowledge, we asked how decreasing the susceptibility of malignant cells to direct viral infection would impact the induction of immune responses and therapeutic efficacy caused by oncolytic myxoma virus treatment. To accomplish this, we used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to remove the essential sulfation enzyme N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase-1 from B16/F10 murine melanoma cells. This eliminates the negative cell surface charges associated with glycosaminoglycan sulfation, which reduces a cell's susceptibility to infection with the myxoma virus by ∼3- to 10-fold. With the use of these cells as a model of reduced susceptibility to oncolytic infection, our data demonstrate that 3- to 10-fold reductions in in vivo infection do not hinder the ability of the oncolytic myxoma virus to induce anti-tumor immunity and do not lower the overall efficacy of localized treatment. Additionally, our data show that in mice bearing multiple distinct tumor masses, the choice to treat a less-susceptible tumor mass does not reduce the overall therapeutic impact against either the injected or noninjected lesion. Taken together, these data suggest that minor changes in the susceptibility of malignant cells to direct oncolytic infection do not necessarily influence the overall outcomes of treatment.
You Only Lend Twice: Corporate Borrowing and Land Values in Real Estate Cycles

This paper uses a natural experiment in Japan to provide evidence of the feedback loop between corporate borrowing and commercial real estate investment emphasized in macro-finance models with collateral constraints. Japan enacted a series of reforms in the early 1980s which relaxed national regulatory constraints on the height and size of buildings. Combining originally-constructed local commercial land price indices for over 400 localities with geocoded firm balance sheets, I show that these land use deregulations generated a boom-bust cycle in corporate real estate values, borrowing, and real estate investment. Firms located in more ex ante land use constrained areas both issued more debt and invested more heavily in real estate, thus amplifying the initial positive shock to commercial real estate prices. I develop a multi-city spatial sorting model with production externalities and real estate collateral which uses the estimated reduced form effects of my local regulatory instruments on firm outcomes to assess aggregate effects of the reform. I find that the deregulatory shock to commercial real estate markets and corporate borrowing environment amplified the real estate cycle in the 1980s and led to an increased incidence of zombie lending in the 1990s.
Variation in leaf xeromorphism in the desert palm genus Washingtonia (Arecaceae)

Abstract Washingtonia palms occur scattered in oases and canyons of the larger Sonoran Desert from lat. 24° to lat. 34° N. Northern oases have an arid temperate climate while those in the south experience seasonally dry, tropical conditions. A marked latitudinal cline in morphological characters has been described within the genus. We hypothesized that aridity-adapted leaf traits in Washingtonia palms, such as amphistomaty and isolaterality, could exhibit a predictable trend along the 1300-km-long gradient, allowing us to test whether the evolution of leaf xeromorphism is correlated with environmental aridity. We took measurements of anatomical and functional traits of leaves in 16 oases spanning the whole distributional range of the genus in Mexico and the US. Using regression models, we examined the response of specific leaf area, leaf greenness, ẟ13C, stomatal size, and stomatal density to latitude, site, and landform. We used Principal Components Analysis and correlation matrices to identify bioclimatic variables that might be playing a role in the observed latitudinal patterns. Palms at northern sites have waxy, glaucous, thick, leaves and exhibit xeromorphic traits such as amphistomaty and isolaterality. Palms at more tropical sites have glossy green, thin leaves that do not show xeromorphic traits. Leaf xeromorphism, a morphological and physiological syndrome in Washingtonia palms, increases with aridity.
Allosensitization in Heart Transplantation: The Importance of a Comprehensive Approach

Introduction HLA sensitization presents a major barrier to transplantation yet sensitive techniques such as the Luminex Single Antigen Bead (SAB) assay, when used in isolation, may inappropriately limit the donor pool. We report a case of apparent robust HLA sensitization following HBV vaccination and describe our approach to the assessment of HLA reactivity leading to successful heart transplantation (HTx). Case Report A 50 year old Caucasian male with long standing ARVD developed recurrent VT and worsening RV dysfunction leading to HTx evaluation. There was no history of transfusion, surgery, or mechanical circulatory support. The Luminex SAB assay at listing and serially thereafter was negative. Unexpectedly, broad class II HLA sensitization (cPRA 98%) was suddenly detected by SAB assay after HBV vaccination concerning for either a heterologous immune response or false reactivity to the beads. Multiple antibodies (Abs) persisted at 1:8 dilution and included Abs against the recipients own HLA (autologous flow XM negative). At the time when a donor became available, 4 DSA were identified on the most recent Luminex SAB. Given his high cPRA in the absence of a strong allosensitizing event, we combined assessment with an alternative solid phase assay (LABScreen PRA), 4-digit donor typing, and prospective crossmatches by Flow Cytometry (FC) and Complement Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC) to determine the safety of proceeding with HTx (Figure 1). Notably, no HLA Abs were detected using the LABScreen PRA and both FC and CDC crossmatches were negative. The patient underwent successful HTx with no rejection and normal graft function. Summary HLA allosensitization portends worse outcomes after transplant. However, the high sensitivity of the Luminex SAB and potential for false positivity may result in inappropriately limiting access to HTx. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive assessment of HLA sensitization in situations of uncertainty to help identify pathogenic HLA Abs and allow for successful HTx.
RAG-ulating mTORC1 with amino acids.

Jenna Jewell discusses two papers that spearheaded the work towards understanding amino acid sensing by mTORC1.
Streaming Cache Placement

Multicast algorithms involve more than finding best routes connecting a set of nodes. To design cost effective networks, it is necessary to consider other important measures of cost and efficiency which are sometimes overlooked.
Lawrence Kohlberg’s Legacy: Radicalizing The Educational Mainstream

Kohlberg made two radical claims: One, development should be the aim of education, and two, education should have an explicit focus on the moral, which can be non-indoctrinative when embedded in fair and open school structures, notably democracy. Kohlberg’s moral education has two idealized goals, to transform schools into just communities, and to use schools as a force to create a more just and compassionate society.
Response of the binding capacity of plasma testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin to norethindrone, 2 mg., and mestranol, 0.1 mg., in polycystic ovarian disease.

Abstract The binding capacity of plasma testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin (TeBG) and testosterone (T) levels were measured in four women with proved polycystic ovaries and three women with a clinical diagnosis of polycystic ovarian disease before, during, and after administration of norethindrone, 2 mg., and mestranol, 0.1 mg. (N + M). TeBG was increased within four days after N + M treatment was begun. Mean TeBG was significantly elevated (P
Designing a Business Summit Designing Market-Driven Robotics Solutions in Healthcare

The Designing a Business Summit is a cross-disciplinary event held in 2009 that brought together experts in Healthcare, robotics technology and business development. Together attendees developed market opportunities and co-discovered feasible robotic applications for disruptive innovation in the healthcare field. The Summit was a collaborative, hands-on workshop between technologists who develop robotics and the industry leaders that can be served by these technology solutions.
Accommodation, Establishment, and Freedom of Religion

This short essay engages the argument that it would violate the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause to exempt an ordinary, nonreligious, profit-seeking business – such as Hobby Lobby – from the Affordable Care Act’s contraceptive-coverage rules. In response to this argument, it is emphasized that the First Amendment not only permits but invites generous, religion-specific accommodations and exemptions and that the Court’s Smith decision does not teach otherwise. In addition, this essay proposes that laws and policies that promote and protect religious freedom should be seen as having a “secular purpose” and that because religious freedom, like clean air, is an aspect of the public good, it is both appropriate and unremarkable that, sometimes, maintaining the conditions for religious freedom is not cost-free.
Vital labeling of embryonic cells using fluorescent dyes and proteins.

This chapter presents techniques used for labeling single cells or small groups of cells with fluorescent dyes and proteins. Fluorescent dextran and photo-activatable fluorescent proteins (PAFP) labeling of cells offer a direct means to label single cells or small groups of cells, making it appropriate for either fate mapping or cell lineage studies. Lipid-soluble carbocyanine dyes offer a simpler means to label groups of cells for fate mapping studies. The experimental requirements for cell lineage and fate map studies are very similar. Both require a means of labeling a cell in a defined region of the embryo, of identifying the progeny of the labeled cell(s) over time, and of scoring the final phenotypes and positions of the progeny. There are a number of methods available to label single cells as well as small populations of cells in the chick embryo. While intracellular injection of rhodamine dextran is a very reliable technique for labeling individual cells, it is also a highly invasive technique. Consequently, cell death occurs in more than half the injected cells. 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine (DiI) on the other hand is less invasive but not noninvasive. It is best used for labeling more than one cell.
MoS 2 FET fabrication and modeling for large-scale flexible electronics

We present a state-of-the-art fabrication technology and physics-based model for molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) field effect transistors (FETs) to realize large-scale circuits. Uniform and large area chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of monolayer MoS 2 was achieved by using perylene-3,4,9, 10-tetracarboxylic acid tetrapotassium salt (PTAS) seeding. Then, a gate first process results in enhancement mode FETs and also reduces performance variation and enables better process control. In addition, a Verilog-A compact model precisely predicts the performance of the fabricated MoS 2 FETs and eases the large-scale integrated design. By using this technology, a switched capacitor DC-DC converter is implemented, and the measurement of the converter shows good agreement with the simulations.
Wrong questions, wrong answers: behavioral vs. factual evaluation of reference service

Due to the public nature of reference work, librarians need to be accountable to the patrons that they serve. A high level of performance at the reference desk generates good public relations and creates an atmosphere in which patrons are encouraged about returning to the library, whereas poor performance reflects poorly on the library as a whole. In addition to this direct accountability to patrons, reference librarians should be measured on their accountability to their colleagues, the library administration, and the profession as a whole. Several methods have been developed to evaluate the performance of reference librarians. Most such methods concentrate on the accuracy of the response to the patron's question and neglect the process involved in obtaining that answer. Unfortunately, this method of fact-based evaluation does not reflect the needs of patrons at most reference desks. This paper proposes a method for evaluating reference performance based upon behavioral factors. In addition, some specifi...
NASCAR Green: The Problem of Sustainability in Corporations and Corporate Law

The concept of "sustainability" is, at root, about a commitment to considering the future of the planet in our everyday affairs. In the corporate law context, supporters of sustainability seek to integrate these long-term environmental and social concerns into the corporation's DNA. This article seeks to explore sustainability as a corporate law concept by looking at the sustainability efforts of NASCAR and its affiliated firms. NASCAR has undertaken a series of "green" initiatives, most notably in the promotion of alternative fuels. These sustainability efforts are facilitated, in part, by the unusual structure of NASCAR and the sport of stock-car racing. It is not NASCAR's own internal structure that facilitates sustainability, but rather NASCAR's interlocking relationships with corporate partners, who are driven (by ideology and/or consumer tastes) to pursue sustainability efforts. Sustainability advocates should consider not only the corporation itself, but also the relationships between corporations, when developing a corporate law sustainability program. In addition, this article advocates that sustainability efforts focus on environmental issues and, more specifically, the amelioration of climate change, rather than simply adopting the existing corporate social responsibility (CSR) programme.This paper was presented as part of the Wake Forest Law Review Symposium, "The Sustainable Corporation."
An analysis of the effects of two step processes in coherent production

The effect of intermediate N∗ production on the predicted values for the production cross sections in pA → N∗(1480) A, pA → N∗(1688) A, are calculated as an example of the effects of intermediate resonance states in coherent production from nuclei. It is found that for the expected values of the amplitude for N∗(1480)N → N∗(1688)N, the two step processes play a very small role in these reactions. Abnormally large values of this amplitude will show up in the dependence of the production cross sections on incident momentum and momentum transfer.
Equivalents of Mingle and Positive Paradox

Relevant logic is a proper subset of classical logic. It does not include among its theorems any of
Integrating syngas fermentation with the carboxylate platform and yeast fermentation to reduce medium cost and improve biofuel productivity.

To ensure economic implementation of syngas fermentation as a fuel-producing platform, engineers and scientists must both lower operating costs and increase product value. A considerable part of the operating costs is spent to procure chemicals for fermentation medium that can sustain sufficient growth of carboxydotrophic bacteria to convert synthesis gas (syngas: carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide) into products such as ethanol. Recently, we have observed that wild-type carboxydotrophic bacteria (including Clostridium ljungdahlii) can produce alcohols with a longer carbon chain than ethanol via syngas fermentation when supplied with the corresponding carboxylic acid precursors, resulting in possibilities of increasing product value. Here, we evaluated a proof-of-concept system to couple syngas fermentation with the carboxylate platform to both lower medium costs and increase product value. Our carboxylate platform concept consists of an open culture, anaerobic fermentor that is fed with corn b...