cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Higher groundwater vanadium levels are associated with better cognitive functioning in a sample of cases with diabetes mellitus: A Project FRONTIER study

association, where hypertension appears harmful at midlife but not in late life. This study aims to reproduce this pattern observed across studies within a single study and investigates whether two potential explanations, selection bias and duration of hypertension, can account for this pattern. Methods: We used data from 1284 participants from the Normative Aging Study who were under age 45 and non-hypertensive at enrollment. These participants were assessed for hypertension every 3-5 years since 1963, and 758 completed a battery of cognitive tests between 1993 and 2005. We modeled the association between having a history of hypertension at different ages from 45 to 65 and mean cognitive test z-score at end of follow-up from a series of point exposure studies. To investigate the impact of selection bias from drop-out we compared analyses using inverse probability weights for censoring to un-weighted analysis. To investigate the impact of duration of hypertension, we stratified theweighted analyses by duration of hypertension. Results: We found within our study sample the same the age-dependent association observed across studies, finding strong adverse associations with hypertension at midlife and little association in late-life. Weighting for censoring did not eliminate the age-dependent pattern, but produced stronger adverse associations throughout. Restricting to participants with longer durations of hypertension, the age-dependent pattern disappeared or reversed direction, such that we observed similar or stronger adverse associationswith hypertension at later ages.Conclusions: Selection bias cannot account for the age-dependent association between hypertension and cognition, but may contribute to protective associations observed in other studies of older populations. The proportion of persons with short duration of hypertension at follow-up accounts, in part, for the overall age-dependent pattern of association.
Correlation of ultrasound and pathologic findings in patients with epithelial carcinoma of the ovary.

The findings from preoperative diagnostic ultrasound were compared with operative and pathologic findings in patients with ovarian cancer. Twenty laporatomies were diagnostic second-look procedures and 21 were therapeutic procedures in patients with clinically evident disease. Ultrasound was more reliable in patients with clinically suspected disease, but a site by site analysis demonstrated it is insensitive for detecting prevertebral adenopathy less than 3 cm in size, thin, 1.5 cm omental plaques, 5 cm or smaller lesions involving the mesentery or bowel and peritoneal masses 2 cm or less in size. Ultrasound was most sensitive in the detection of mites. Indexing Words: Ovary Cancer Ultrasound.
FIXED POINTS AND CONTINUITY FOR MULTIVALUED MAPPINGS

Many of the contractive definitions do not require continuity of the map. How- ever, in a previous paper the second author has shown in (1) that, in most cases, the function is continuous at a fixed point. In this paper we show that the same behavior is exhibited for many multivalued mappings.
The influence of optical fiber bundle parameters on the transmission of laser speckle patterns

Laser speckle imaging (LSI) techniques provide important functional information about tissue perfusion and mechanical properties. To perform LSI in vivo, laser speckle patterns are transmitted via optical fiber bundles incorporated within small-diameter endoscopes. Inter-fiber crosstalk due to mode coupling in fiber bundles can result in erroneous speckle statistics and therefore reduces the accuracy of LSI analysis. In this paper, we investigate the influence of multiple parameters that influence crosstalk between neighboring cores within optical fiber bundles and govern the modulation of transmitted laser speckle patterns. Our results show that in addition to large core-to-core separation, large refractive index contrast between core and cladding material, reduced number of propagating modes and variability in core size are essential parameters for accurate speckle pattern transmission to conduct endoscopic LSI.
Cost estimation of software intensive projects: a survey of current practices

The authors describe a survey conducted at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to estimate software costs for software intensive projects in JPL's technical divisions. Respondents to the survey described what techniques they use in estimating software costs and, in an experiment, each respondent estimated the size and cost of a specific piece of software described in a design document provided by the authors. It was found that the majority of the technical staff estimating software costs use informal analogy and high-level partitioning of requirements, and that no formal procedure exists for incorporating risk and uncertainty. The technical staff is significantly better at estimating effort than size. However, in both cases the variances are so large that there is a 30% probability that any one estimate can be more than 50% off. >
Writing a Review Article for Psychological Bulletin

Guidelines and tips are offered for writing a Psychological Bulletin review article that will be accessible to the widest possible audience. Techniques are discussed for organizing a review into a coherent narrative, and the importance of giving readers a clear take-home message is emphasized. In addition, advice is given for rewriting a manuscript that has been reviewed and returned with an invitation to revise and resubmit.
The Genetic Male With Absent Penis and Urethrorectal Communication: Experience With 5 Patients

ABSTRACTPurpose: Congenital aphallia is a rare anomaly that occurs only once in 30 million births. Five cases are described.Materials and Methods: All 5 patients 4 to 20 years old had been reared as female. The bladder neck or short urethra entered the anterior rectum in each patient. At referral 2 patients had a vesicostomy and 1 had a colostomy. Hydronephrosis and vesicoureteral reflux were present in 2 and 3 cases, respectively. After separating the urinary tract from the rectum a urethra was created in each patient and a bowel vagina was constructed in 4 during the same operation. The initial patient did not undergo simultaneous creation of a vagina.Results: One patient later required a bladder neck narrowing operation for stress incontinence. She became incontinent again after transpubic surgery to create a sigmoid vagina was performed elsewhere 8 years later. The other 4 patients are dry, and they have normal urinary and bowel control.Conclusions: A single extensive operation on the bladder, vagina ...
Identification of Molecular Genetic Markers in Pyrenophora teres f. teres Associated with Low Virulence on 'Harbin' Barley.

ABSTRACT Two isolates of the barley net blotch pathogen (Pyrenophora teres f. teres), one possessing high virulence (0-1) and the other possessing low virulence (15A) on the barley cultivar Harbin, were crossed and the progeny of the mating were isolated. Conidia from cultures of the parent and progeny isolates were used as inoculum to determine the inheritance of virulence in the pathogen. Of the 82 progeny tested, 42 exhibited high virulence and 40 exhibited low virulence on ‘Harbin’ barley. The data support a model in which a single, major gene controls virulence in P. teres f. teres on this barley cultivar (1:1 ratio; χ2 = 0.05, P = 0.83). Preparations of DNA were made from parental and progeny isolates, and the DNA was subjected to the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique in a search for molecular genetic markers associated with the virulence phenotype. Five RAPD markers were obtained that were associated in coupling with low virulence. The data indicate that the RAPD technique can be us...
Security of unmanned aerial vehicle systems against cyber-physical attacks

The federal aviation administration has estimated that by the year 2020, the United States will have over 30,000 drones. Nowadays, drones, also known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are ubiquit...
FACTORS RELATED TO PLANNED AND UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES

In the summers of 1994 and 1995 in northeastern Tennessee 110 pregnant women 16-37 years old were interviewed either before or after their prenatal care appointment at an outpatient family practice clinic in Bristol. The researchers aimed to identify factors associated with planned and unplanned pregnancies. 39 (35%) women had planned their pregnancy while the remaining 71 (65%) women did not. Divorced or never married women were more likely to have an unplanned pregnancy than a planned pregnancy (47% vs. 19%; p < 0.01). Women with an unplanned pregnancy were more likely to have been using contraception at time of conception than women with a planned pregnancy (23% vs. 3%). They were also more likely to use no contraception or to practice withdrawal before the index pregnancy than women with a planned pregnancy (31% vs. 13%; p < 0.05). All the women in both groups had no problem with availability of their choice of family planning method. Women with an unplanned pregnancy were much more likely than those with a planned pregnancy to be influenced by their partner in terms of contraceptive choice (37% vs. 19%; p = 0.04). Women with a planned pregnancy were more likely to be satisfied or very satisfied with their contraception than those with an unplanned pregnancy (62% vs. 43%). The differences in satisfaction only approached statistical significance however (p = 0.065). Based on these findings the family practice researchers suggested that in order to reduce unplanned pregnancies clinicians should provide women counseling on their contraception expectations and a careful explanation of the side effects of their contraceptive choice. Male partners or sexually active men should also receive counseling about contraceptive options. Another important step is further research to better understand factors that contribute to satisfaction with contraception.
Das Konzept Ruhemuskeltonus: Integrativ „übersetzt“

DEN TONUS VERSTEHEN: Vier Eigenschaften und vier variable Zustande pragen den Ruhemuskeltonus. Sie haben sich wahrend der Evolution herausgebildet. Physiotherapeuten bewerten tonische Phanomene regelmasig bei Patienten mit verschiedensten Diagnosen. Auch bei Patienten mit Gewichtsproblemen lohnt es sich, den Ruhemuskeltonus zu beachten.
Alterations in Bile Flow and Na+-K+ Biliary Excretion Induced by Theophylline and Ethacrynic Acid

SummaryBoth theophylline, a phospho-diesterase inhibitor, and ethacrynic acid, a Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor, produced similar increases in BSIF in the rat. Whereas theophylline significantly decreased BSDF, ethacrynic acid increased BSDF. These results suggest that the mechanism responsible for generation of both BSIF and BSDF are multifactorial and further study will be necessary to define them.
Electoral Institutions and the Manifestation of Bias: The Effect of the Personal Vote on the Representation of Women

The “personal vote” refers to “that portion of a candidate's electoral support which originates in his or her personal qualities, qualifications, activities, and record” (Cain, Ferejohn, and Fiorina 1987, 9). The presence of a personal vote in an electoral system means that the person up for election matters, not just the candidate's party. Cain, Ferejohn, and Fiorina go so far as to refer to it as “relationships between the represented and representatives,” claiming that these relationships are more “personal, particularistic, and idiosyncratic than in other kinds of systems” (8, emphasis mine).
A Procedure for Storage of Sheep Red Blood Cells in the Frozen State

It is well known that freezing and thawing of erythrocytes in the absence of any protective solute will cause irreversible damage of the cell walls and subsequent release of hemoglobin. Earlier investigators were concerned with the possibility of storage of human red blood cells by means of freezing technics. Glucose and sucrose suspending solutions were utilized by Florio and associates and by Strumia; however, the technics were useful only for small quantities of blood, or they required special apparatus. In 1950, Smith reported that prior addition of a solution containing glycerol could prevent hemolysis of human red blood cells. Further work by Lovelock demonstrated that several neutral solutes could be;used as protective agents. Recovery of the frozen and thawed human erythrocytes was accomplished by means of successive dialysis of the glycerol-suspended cells against saline solutions that contained decreasing amounts of glycerol, or by means of increasing the external osmotic pressure by the addition of solutions of sodium acetate.
The different faces of impulsivity as links between childhood maltreatment and young adult crime

Crime is a major public health and safety threat. Many studies have suggested that early exposure to child maltreatment increases an individual's risk for persistent serious crime in adulthood. Despite these findings about the connection between child maltreatment and criminal behavior, there is a paucity of empirically-based knowledge about the processes or pathways that link child maltreatment to later involvement in crime. Using a community sample of 337 young adults (ages 18-25) in a U.S. metropolitan area, the present study examined the role of various facets of impulsivity in linking child maltreatment to crime. A series of factor analyses identified three types of crime including property crime, violent crime, and fraud. Structural equation modelings were conducted to examine the associations among childhood maltreatment, four facets of impulsivity, and criminal behavior, controlling for sociodemographic information, family income and psychological symptoms. The present study found that child emotional abuse was indirectly related to property crime and fraud through urgency while a lack of premeditation mediates the relationship between child neglect and property crime. Child physical abuse was directly related to all three types of crime. Personality traits of urgency and lack of premeditation may play a significant role in the maltreatment-crime link. Preventive interventions targeting impulsivity traits such as urgency and a lack of premeditation might have promising impacts in curbing criminal behavior among maltreatment victims.
Distinguishing the Photothermal and Photoinjection Effects in Vanadium Dioxide Nanowires

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has drawn significant attention for its unique metal-to-insulator transition near the room temperature. The high electrical resistivity below the transition temperature (∼68 °C) is a result of the strong electron correlation with the assistance of lattice (Peierls) distortion. Theoretical calculations indicated that the strong interelectron interactions might induce intriguing optoelectronic phenomena, such as the multiple exciton generation (MEG), a process desirable for efficient optoelectronics and photovoltaics. However, the resistivity of VO2 is quite temperature sensitive, and therefore, the light-induced conductivity in VO2 has often been attributed to the photothermal effects. In this work, we distinguished the photothermal and photoinjection effects in VO2 nanowires by varying the chopping frequency of the optical illumination. We found that, in our VO2 nanowires, the relatively slow photothermal processes can be well suppressed when the chopping frequency is >2 kHz, wherea...
Long-term results with transpubic urethroplasty.

AbstractFrom 1973 to 1982, 44 patients underwent transpubic urethroplasty for traumatic prostatomembranous strictures and were followed for 1 to 10 years. The most frequent late sequelae were permanent erectile dysfunction (22 patients) and progressive erectile dysfunction (4 patients). Of the 44 patients 6 (14 per cent) had significant primary urinary incontinence that necessitated placement of a genitourinary sphincter and 2 (4.5 per cent) had incontinence after secondary transurethral procedures because of involvement of the remaining voluntary sphincter mechanism. Prosthetic devices may be useful in correcting erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence in this difficult patient population. Of 13 patients with post-urethroplasty strictures 10 required dilation.
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes of a Shallow Lake in South-Central North Dakota, USA

Greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of aquatic ecosystems in the northern Great Plains of the U.S. represent a significant data gap. Consequently, a 3-year study was conducted in south-central North Dakota, USA, to provide an initial estimate of GHG fluxes from a large, shallow lake. Mean GHG fluxes were 0.02 g carbon dioxide (CO2) m−2 h−1, 0.0009 g methane (CH4) m−2 h−1, and 0.0005 mg nitrous oxide (N2O) m−2 h−1. Fluxes of CO2 and CH4 displayed temporal and spatial variability which is characteristic of aquatic ecosystems, while fluxes of N2O were consistently low throughout the study. Comparisons between results of this study and published values suggest that mean daily fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O from Long Lake were low, particularly when compared to the well-studied prairie pothole wetlands of the region. Similarly, cumulative seasonal CH4 fluxes, which ranged from 2.68–7.58 g CH4 m−2, were relatively low compared to other wetland systems of North America. The observed variability among aquatic ecosystems underscores the need for further research.
Why we need to learn standardisation.

The author notes the importance of standardisation, method of standardisation and steps to standardisation. (author abstract)
Group identification as a means of attitude restoration

Abstract This paper investigates the possibility that individuals selectively identify with groups as a means of restoring certainty in their attitudes. Specifically, we contend that (i) groups offer social validation in the form of attitudinal norms, (ii) individuals heighten their identification with groups that offer norms that are consistent with attitudes that have been undermined, and (iii) access to these norms reduces attitude uncertainty. Two experiments support this hypothesis by demonstrating greater identification following a loss of attitude certainty, though only with groups offering relevant attitudinal norms. Moreover, this identification is subsequently shown to promote attitude restoration in the form of increased certainty. Consequently, groups serve an important role in attitude restoration by protecting attitudes against uncertainty when a relevant group is available to bolster the attitude.
Extended Duration Enoxaparin Decreases the Rate of Venous Thromboembolic Events after Radical Cystectomy Compared to Inpatient Only Subcutaneous Heparin

Purpose: Venous thromboembolic events are a significant source of morbidity after radical cystectomy. At our institution subcutaneous heparin was historically given to patients undergoing radical cystectomy immediately before incision and throughout the inpatient stay. In an effort to decrease the overall rate of venous thromboembolism and post-discharge venous thromboembolism, a regimen including extended duration enoxaparin was initiated for patients undergoing radical cystectomy.Materials and Methods: In January 2013 thromboprophylaxis was modified for patients undergoing radical cystectomy by replacing a regimen of subcutaneous heparin before induction and then every 8 hours until discharge home with enoxaparin daily for postoperative prophylaxis continued until 28 days after discharge. Data from our institutional radical cystectomy database for patients undergoing surgery from January 2011 to May 2014 were reviewed. The primary outcome was clinically symptomatic postoperative venous thromboembolism. ...
A novel objective function and analysis for optimal SVC parameters design to damping subsynchronous resonance

In this paper, a novel robust SVC controller is designed to damping subsynchronous resonance in power system with series capacitor compensation. A midpoint-located SVC is introduced for damping torsional oscillations and simultaneously for improving power transfer capacity. The different operation conditions are gathered to construct a “set” first. In this “set”, the formula of supplementary damping is derived based of complex torque coefficient. The problem of mitigating SSR is turned into supplying enough positive damping and the calculation is reduced compared to the normal eigenvalue methods. In order to supply positive supplementary damping, the phase characteristic and its feasible ranges of the controller are collected in the “set”, and the parameters are tuned to satisfied these constraints. Finally, the gain of the controller is chosen to achieve the requirement of amplitudes. Since the feasible range and this method are based of different operation conditions, the controller is robust. Eigenvalues analysis and time domain simulation under a large disturbance are considered to investigate the robustness. The study is performed on the system adapted from the IEEE First Benchmark Model. All the simulations are carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC environment.
Association of Pediatric Choroidal Neovascular Membranes at the Temporal Edge of Optic Nerve and Retinochoroidal Coloboma.

Purpose To describe the characteristics of pediatric choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVs) associated with retinochoroidal and optic nerve coloboma using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and their response to treatment. Design Retrospective case series. Methods Retrospective review of children Results Eight eyes of 8 patients (3 males, 5 females) with a mean age of 4.1 ± 3.9 years (range 6 months–10 years) at diagnosis were included. Mean follow-up was 21.4 ± 12.1 months (range 7–38 months). An optic nerve coloboma was present in 2 eyes and combined optic nerve and retinochoroidal coloboma in 6 eyes. In all eyes, CNVs were located at the temporal margin of the coloboma closest to the macula. Fluorescein angiogram characteristics included staining without leakage suggesting inactivity (n = 6) and leakage (n = 2). OCT characteristics included subretinal fluid (n = 5), intraretinal fluid and cysts (n = 1), and subretinal hyperreflective material (n = 7). Two eyes received intravitreal bevacizumab (range 3–6) injections, one of which also underwent focal peripapillary laser. Both eyes showed improvement in subretinal or intraretinal fluid on OCT. Vision at presentation among those quantified ranged from 20/200 to 20/40 and at final follow-up from 20/400 to 20/30. Genetic or systemic abnormalities were seen in 6 patients. Conclusions Association of pediatric CNV occurrence at the temporal margin of retinochoroidal and optic nerve colobomas closest to the fovea has not been established before and careful OCT and angiographic assessment of this region is warranted. The CNV lesions exhibit a varied degree of response to treatment.
Fluorescent Probes for Gaseous Biological Signaling Agents

Gasotransmitters, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide are common biological signaling agents in mammals. Despite the tremendous progress made so far in the understanding of their critical roles in mammalian physiology and disease, there is much more that we do not know. Critical to this field is the availability of tools that allow for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of these gasotransmitters. This article attempts to capture recent development in this area, especially in the development of probes that allow for intracellular detection.
Are We “Ensnared in the System of Heritage” Because We Don’t Want to Escape?

This paper explores why heritage practitioners continue to embrace the objective security of positivism, building on Sharon Veale’s (cited in Sullivan 2015:114) observation that we are “ensnared in the system of heritage, rather than in understanding and unravelling the social processes of its making.” Specifically, built heritage conservation/CRM practice is too standardized and motivated primarily by speed, efficiency, and compliance; the field is not innovative or flexible; and heritage/CRM practitioners and scholars do not engage with each other. The field needs to recognize that the regulatory environment is a fundamental barrier in bridging theory and practice and in integrating tangible and intangible approaches. Lastly, understanding heritage requires a transdisciplinary approach that is altogether absent in most aspects of theory and practice. Possible solutions to these issues will be offered, including the idea of reenvisioning the nature of “heritage conservation.”
THE DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS: Rarely Considered and Underdiagnosed

The dissociative disorders have often been underdiagnosed by psychiatric processionals. Reasons for this underdiagnosis are diverse and include: unfamiliarity with the diagnoses, unfamiliarity with dissociative symptomatology, lack of appreciation of the epidemiology of dissociative disorders, and even outright disbelief in certain dissociative disorders diagnoses, primarily dissociative identity disorder 42,43,46 and dissociative amnesia, especially if either the amnesia or identity alteration are related to criminal offenses. In order to provide the clinician with a more complete and reliable diagnostic armamentarium, this article reviews the clinical phenomenology and epidemiology of the dissociative disorders. Following this review, several instruments useful in the diagnosis of dissociative disorders are described, including the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Structured Clinical Interview for Dissociative Disorder, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Finally, the diagnostic use of sodium amytal and hypnosis is described.
In Vivo Pulmonary Delivery and Magnetic-Targeting of Dry Powder Nano-in-Microparticles

This brief communication evaluates the cytotoxicity and targeting capability of a dry powder chemotherapeutic. Nano-in-microparticles (NIMs) are a dry powder drug delivery vehicle containing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and either doxorubicin (w/w solids) or fluorescent nanospheres (w/v during formulation; as a drug surrogate) in a lactose matrix. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in A549 adenocarcinoma cells using MTS and LDH assays to assess viability and toxicity after 48 h of NIMs exposure. In vivo magnetic-field-dependent targeting of inhaled NIMs was evaluated in a healthy mouse model. Mice were endotracheally administered fluorescently labeled NIMs either as a dry powder or a liquid aerosol in the presence of an external magnet placed over the left lung. Quantification of fluorescence and iron showed a significant increase in both fluorescence intensity and iron content to the left magnetized lung. In comparison, we observed decreased targeting of fluorescent nanospheres to the left lung from an aerosolized liquid suspension, due to the dissociation of SPIONs and nanoparticles during pulmonary administration. We conclude that dry powder NIMs maintain the therapeutic cytotoxicity of doxorubicin and can be better targeted to specific regions of the lung in the presence of a magnetic field, compared to a liquid suspension.
Coverage Control for Multirobot Teams With Heterogeneous Sensing Capabilities

This letter investigates how mobile agents with qualitatively different sensing capabilities should be organized in order to effectively cover an area. In particular, by encoding the different capabilities as different density functions in the locational cost, the result is a heterogeneous coverage control problem where the different density functions serve as a way of both abstracting and encapsulating different sensing capabilities. However, different density functions imply that mass is not conserved as the agents move and, as a result, the normal cancellations that occur across boundaries between regions of dominance in the homogeneous case no longer take place when computing the gradient of the locational cost. As a result, new terms are needed if the robots are to execute a descent flow in order to minimize the locational cost, and we show how these additional terms can be formulated as boundary-disagreement terms that are added to the standard Lloyd's algorithm. The results are implemented on real robotic platforms for a number of different use cases.
Problems Associated With the Processing of Cucumber Pickles: Softening, Bloater Formation and Environmental Pollution

ABSTRACT The traditional process of cucumber fermentation and storage was critically reviewed. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic softening, bloater formation and environmental pollution due to high salt brine disposal were identified as the most important problems. The enzymes and acids involved in softening, and the mechanism of bloater formation were examined and some solutions (firming agents, cucumber washing, brine purging, homofermentative starters and controlled fermentation) were presented. Methods to reduce environmental pollution by salt recovery, brine recycling, closed tank controlled/anaerobic fermentation and low-salt natural fermentation and storage were discussed and debated.
INCENTIVES FOR PHYSICIANS TO TREAT HIV-SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS : RESULTS OF A STATEWIDE SURVEY

We asked primary care physicians in South Carolina about their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the services they provide for these patients. In support of an effort to develop more effective state policies regarding HIV/AIDS, the survey focused on conditions under which physicians would provide additional services for such patients; 597 of 900 physicians (66%) responded. Among responding physicians, 40% had not seen a patient with HIV infection/AIDS during the past year and 50% had seen only one to nine. Respondents identified lack of specialty backup support, insufficient clinical knowledge, and lack of available community services as the major barriers to providing care for these patients. Gaps in their knowledge included state and federal policies, available community resources, and clinical issues. Respondents said they would provide additional services if they had specialty backup (54%), better community and social support services (50%), additional training (46%), and limited liability (44%). We concluded that policy changes in these areas could expand access to care for HIV/AIDS patients in South Carolina.
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide-dependent microsomal release of iron and lipid peroxidation: I. Evidence for the reductive release of nonheme, nonferritin iron

Abstract Rat liver microsomes were found to contain a small pool of nonheme, nonferritin iron. In the presence of ADP, low concentrations of tert -butyl hydroperoxide promoted the reductive release of nonheme, nonferritin iron, as evidenced by mobilization of batho-phenanthroline-chelatable Fe 2+ . Iron release was inhibited by SKF 525-A and metyrapone, which are known to interfere with cytochrome P450-catalyzed reactions. Iron release was also inhibited by high concentrations of t -BOOH, which caused rapid and extensive destruction of cytochrome P450. These observations suggested that iron release was catalyzed by cytochrome P450. Treatment of rats with phenobarbital (PB) caused simultaneous increase of cytochrome P450 and decrease of nonheme, nonferritin iron. The effects of PB were minimized by simultaneous administration of hematin, an inhibitor of heme synthesis, indicating that the nonheme iron was utilized for the synthesis of the heme iron of inducible cytochrome P450 isozymes. Consistently, microsomes from the liver of PB-treated rats were found to release low amounts of Fe 2+ , unless rats had also been treated with hematin to prevent utilization of nonheme, nonferritin iron for the synthesis of heme iron.
Defect transformations in nitrogen-doped CVD diamond during irradiation and annealing

Abstract Nitrogen-doped CVD diamond treated with electron irradiation and subsequent annealing at temperatures from 860 to 1900 °C was studied using fluorescence imaging, optical absorption and photoluminescence. It was found that nitrogen impurity produces many optical centers active throughout the infrared and visible spectral ranges. The most prominent of them active in IR spectral range are the centers related to nitrogen–hydrogen complexes. They produce absorption lines at 2827, 2874, 2906, 2949, 2990, 3031, 3107, 3123 and 3310 cm−1. Two characteristic absorptions at wavenumbers 1293 cm−1 and 1341 cm−1 were tentatively ascribed to a modified form of nitrogen A-aggregates. In the visible and near IR spectral ranges, characteristic nitrogen-related centers have zero-phonon lines (ZPLs) at 457, 462, 489, 498, 722.5, 852.5, 865.5, 868.5, 908, 921.5 and 924.5 nm. Some of them, e.g. 457, 462 and 498 nm centers, are unique of CVD diamond. It has been confirmed that the brightest pink color of electron-irradiated nitrogen-doped CVD diamond is produced by annealing at temperatures about 1000 °C. Annealing at temperatures over 1600 °C destroys the irradiation-induced pink color. It was found that the center 489 nm is a major absorption feature in the visible spectral range of electron-irradiated, nitrogen-doped CVD diamond. Green color of electron-irradiated, nitrogen-doped CVD diamond is caused by combined absorption of GR1 center and 489 nm center. It has been confirmed that NV defects produced in CVD diamond during growth are very temperature stable. They survive heating at temperatures at least 2000 °C. In contrast, NV defects produced by irradiation may anneal out at temperatures as low as 1600 °C. This much lower thermal stability of the radiation-induced NV defects is the result of their interaction with other radiation defects produced in their vicinity. A conclusion has been made that in nitrogen-doped CVD diamonds nitrogen atoms may form clusters. These clusters are probably the origin of the broad band luminescence at wavelengths 360, 390, 535 and 720 nm and a strong broadening of ZPLs of many optical centers.
Attitudes toward interprofessional education improve over time

Abstract Background For health care providers to fully contribute to interprofessional teams, training should be embedded within health care education curriculum. Yet barriers may hinder successful interprofessional education. Purpose Determine if learner attitudes toward IPE change over time and with clinical experience. Method Nebraska Interprofessional Attitudes Scale (NIPEAS) administered prior to student orientation IPE (baseline) and after year 2 IPE events. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess change over time for the sample, and mixed method ANOVA to determine if change differed by college. Results 175 students (five colleges) completed baseline and follow-up surveys. Aggregate NIPEAS scores were significantly higher on follow-up (p Discussion/Conclusions Results indicated improved attitudes about IPE differing from previous studies; perhaps the result of NIPEAS design for use in longitudinal studies.
Test and Analysis Correlation for Sandwich Composite Longitudinal Joint Specimens

The NASA Composite Technology for Exploration (CTE) project is tasked with evaluating methods to analyze and manufacture composite joints for potential use in block upgrades to the Space Launch System (SLS) launch-vehicle structures such as the Payload Attach Fitting (PAF). To perform this task, the CTE project has initiated test and analysis correlation studies for composite joints under various loading conditions. Herein, NASA-developed numerical models are correlated with the experimental results from a series of tension tests. Pretest strain results matched the far-field test data well, but did not capture the nonlinear response in the vicinity of the joint. A refined pretest analytical model was modified to represent progressive failure of the specimens at failure locations observed during the experimental tests. The nonlinear strain response from this progressive failure model predicted the delamination failure load within 15% of the test data, but underpredicted the nonlinearity of the strain response. Further study of composite material models that account for the nonlinear shear response of fabric composites is recommended for the composite joint structures considered in this paper.
A study of women empowerment through self help groups with special reference to ASMITA a SHG by Jindal Stainless Limited

Most of the Indian population i.e. 23.6% or about 276 million people are below the poverty line with below $1.25per day purchasing power. As most of the people of India still reside in a rural area with a lack of facilities. Most of the CSR activities done create support to these rural communities and urban poor to develop economically. The major credit for women empowerment in rural areas should be given to SHG’s which not only provide employment opportunities but also provide skill development. Majorly this SHG’s are started either by Governmental Organizations or Non-Governmental Organization. Some of the SHG’s are started and support by Corporates through their CSR activities which majorly focus on women empowerment as it’s a need for the power to empower women in the country. At Jindal Stainless Limited. (JSL) CSR activities are taken as opportunities to give back to society in every way possible. JSL through its various CSR projects which mainly includes: a) Health Care b) Education and Vocational Training c) Women Empowerment and d) Rural Development Their other project also focuses on preservation of art and culture, Human rights, Disaster Management etc. Our project mainly aimed at women empowerment through Self-Help Groups i.e. SHG’s. ASMITA and SAHAJA are the major projects focused on women empowerment by JSL. The research focuses on the impact and growth of women in ASMITA. This research is mostly based on a depth interview done on convenience bases. To know the socio-economic condition of women residing and working in SHG’s i.e. in ASMITA. This research helps to know various aspect especially of SHG’s on the life of women who are a part of it. It helps us to understand the need and impact of these SHG’s on the life of participating women.
Spatially Heterogeneous Water Properties at Disordered Surfaces Decrease the Hydrophobicity of Nonpolar Self-Assembled Monolayers.

Understanding the relationship between hydrophobicity and the properties of functionalized surfaces is vital to the design of materials that interact in aqueous environments. In this Letter, we use...
Age-related decline in metabolite heavy isotope content in rodent organs

Abstract Heavy isotopes are discriminated by biological systems due to kinetic isotopic effects at the biochemical/metabolic levels. How these heavy isotopes are enriched or depleted over a long term is unclear, but artificial manipulation of heavy isotope content in various organisms has produced significant impacts on biological functions, suggesting the origin may arise with intrinsic mechanisms for a functional outcome. Our previous study has revealed an age-associated decline in metabolite heavy isotope content (HIC) in the budding yeast, which could be reversed in part by supplementing heavy water, and consequently, also increased yeast lifespans. In the current study, we report a similar age-dependent decline in HIC from three types of mouse tissues: brain, heart, and skeletal muscles. Furthermore, individual tissues exhibited different patterns of HIC change over age, which appeared to match their development and maturation timelines. These results have demonstrated that age-dependent decline in HIC also exists in mammals, which is likely a traceable feature of development and perhaps aging. Thus, we believe that reversing the decline in HIC could have the potential to extend the healthspan of humans.
DON'T YOU FORGET ABOUT ME: THE MITRAL VALVE IN CONGENITALLY CORRECTED TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT ARTERIES

Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries (CCTGA) is often accompanied by additional cardiac anomalies including ventricular septal defects (VSD) and tricuspid valve malformations. We present a patient with multiple mitral valve abnormalities, a rare finding in this condition that
Vascular endothelial growth factor levels and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs) regulate both vasculogenesis, the development of blood vessels from precursor cells, and angiogenesis, the formation...
Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Part LXXIII: Introduction to Disruptive Behavior in Physicians and Other Healthcare Workers.

ABSTRACT Disruptive behavior in the healthcare system is costly because it has an adverse effect on patient outcomes, staff morale, and referrals to a healthcare organization, and it increases staff turnover. A small proportion of medical providers exhibit disruptive behavior, but those individuals may exhibit this behavior frequently in some healthcare institutions so that this type of conduct is not uncommonly there. Each healthcare institution should have policies and procedures to address disruptive behavior and decrease the frequency of this type of conduct.
Dietary sphinganine is selectively assimilated by members of the mammalian gut microbiome

Functions of the gut microbiome have a growing number of implications for host metabolic health, with diet being one of the most significant influences on microbiome composition. Compelling links between diet and the gut microbiome suggest key roles for various macronutrients, including lipids, yet how individual classes of dietary lipids interact with the microbiome remains largely unknown. Sphingolipids are bioactive components of most foods and are also produced by prominent gut microbes. This makes sphingolipids intriguing candidates for shaping diet-microbiome interactions. Here, we used a click chemistry-based approach to track the incorporation of bioorthogonal dietary omega-alkynyl sphinganine [sphinganine alkyne (SAA)] into the murine gut microbial community (bioorthogonal labeling). We identified microbial and SAA-specific metabolic products through fluorescence-based sorting of SAA-containing microbes (Sort), 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify the sphingolipid-interacting microbes (Seq), and comparative metabolomics to identify products of SAA assimilation by the microbiome (Spec). Together, this approach, termed Bioorthogonal labeling-Sort-Seq-Spec (BOSSS), revealed that SAA assimilation is nearly exclusively performed by gut Bacteroides, indicating that sphingolipid-producing bacteria play a major role in processing dietary sphinganine. Comparative metabolomics of cecal microbiota from SAA-treated mice revealed conversion of SAA to a suite of dihydroceramides, consistent with metabolic activities of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. Additionally, other sphingolipid-interacting microbes were identified with a focus on an uncharacterized ability of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium to metabolize dietary sphingolipids. We conclude that BOSSS provides a platform to study the flux of virtually any alkyne-labeled metabolite in diet-microbiome interactions.
Efficient Physical Layer Group Key Generation in 5G Wireless Networks

We investigate group secret key generation in 5G mmWave Massive MIMO networks and intend to improve the efficiency of channel probing for group key generation. In this paper, a new channel probing strategy for star-topology networks is proposed, which relies on the multiplexing of downlink probing signals, enabled by the hybrid precoding. To improve the group key rates per channel probing, a genetic algorithm (GA) based power allocation algorithm is also proposed. What’s more, to estimate the group key rates based on the probing samples, we propose a scheme for the estimation of group key rates based on the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). The performance of the proposed scheme on group key rates and bits disagreement ratio (BDR) are provided. The numerical results show that the GA-based downlink channel probing scheme can increase the efficiency of channel probing and have higher group key rates compared with the existing channel probing schemes. When the SNR is 25dB, the key rates of GA-based power allocation scheme are 20% higher than the scheme with the conventional channel probing strategy.
T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma in a 27-year-old with hidradenitis suppurativa, psoriasis, and vitiligo: Implications for screening.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), psoriasis, and vitiligo are chronic, immune-mediated skin diseases with a significant quality-of-life burden. Individuals with these conditions are thought to be at increased risk of lymphoma,1, 2, 3 and several cases have been reported in the context of adalimumab treatment, raising concern for its use in at-risk patients. The specific mechanisms underlying the link between chronic inflammatory states and neoplastic transformation are largely unknown, and most data on the topic come from cases outside of dermatology (ie, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis).4 We present the unusual case of a patient with HS, psoriasis, and vitiligo on long-standing treatment with adalimumab who went on to have T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) and evaluate the factors that led to this pathologic condition.
Abstract 15889: The Role of Physical Deconditioning in Distinguishing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy From Athlete's Heart

Background: Vigorous systematic physical training can result in increased left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) (i.e., “athlete’s heart”) which can be challenging to differentiate diagnostically f...
Solvent selection for biphasic extraction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural via multiscale modeling and experiments

We introduce a comprehensive conceptual framework for selecting solvents for reactive extraction in biphasic organic-water systems and demonstrate it for the separation of HMF (5-hydroxylmethylfurfural), a platform chemical produced in the acid-catalyzed dehydration of hexoses. We first perform in silico screening of ∼2500 solvents, from the ADFCRS-2018 database using the ADF COSMO-RS implementation, and classification, based on the solvent partition coefficient. We then determine experimentally the partition coefficients for HMF, fructose, and products of HMF rehydration (levulinic acid (LA), and formic acid (FA)), the mutual water-organic solvent solubilities, and the separation factors in >50 select solvents spanning multiple homologous series at room temperature and a typical reaction temperature with in situ sampling. We find that COSMO-RS is excellent for screening purposes (typical error in most cases within a factor of ∼2). Increased temperatures lead to significant reduction in partitioning, and room temperature measurements are clearly inadequate for solvent selection. Upon down selecting classes of solvents based on separation performance, we perform experimental thermal stability and reaction compatibility studies of a small set of solvents at relevant reactive-extraction temperatures. We discover that many substituted phenols exhibit an order-of-magnitude increase in partitioning compared to conventional solvents due chiefly to hydrogen bond interactions and show the necessary stability but retain a significant fraction of water and LA, factors that need to be considered in technoeconomic analysis. In contrast, anilines, aldehydes, and acids are good to excellent regarding separation but incompatible with this specific reaction medium. This multifaceted framework can be extended to other biomass-derived products and processes.