cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Heuristic Algorithm for Optimizing Business Matchmaking Scheduling

Business matchmaking is a service dedicated to providing one-on-one appointments for small businesses (or sellers) to meet with government agencies and large corporations (or buyers) for contracting opportunities. Business matchmaking scheduling seeks to maximize the total number of appointments with the maximum objective that weighs the preferences of both buyers and sellers. In this paper, the authors transformed the business matchmaking scheduling problem into a 3-dimensional planar assignment problem and solved it heuristically using a series of bipartite maximum weighted maximum cardinality matching problems. Simulation experiments and real data showed that this algorithm outperforms human experts and prior algorithm in terms of number of appointments, the objective that weighs buyer and sellerâ€™s preferences, and the execution time.
Levels of measurement and analysis issues in organizational citizenship behaviour research

The majority of work in organizational behaviour has been conducted at the individual level of theory, measurement and analysis. While the field of organizational behaviour may be viewed as largely mixed-level, incorporating individual, group and organizational-level phenomena, relatively few group-level and mixed-level theories with corresponding levels of research exist. This is particularly problematic for organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) research, since OCB is theorized to exist at multiple levels. Several individual-level and group-level antecedents affect OCB, but it is OCB in the aggregate (i.e. group and organizational level) which impacts organizational effectiveness, which is another organizational-level phenomenon. A brief review of group-level and mixed-level research methodology is presented and these methods are then applied to a burgeoning area of organizational behaviour research, one which is inherently group and mixed-level, organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). Implications of the different levels of measurement and analysis for OCB theory development and testing are discussed.
Low-voltage cathodeluminescence of europium-activated yttrium orthovanadate

Emissive flat panel display systems operating in full color demand higher performance at low voltages (ca. 50 - 1000 V) from cathodoluminescent (CL) phosphors than cathode ray tubes require. Hydrothermal synthesis has been suggested as a route to phosphors with improved efficiencies, lower voltage thresholds, and increased saturation power. This hypothesis was tested in europium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4:Eu), an efficient, red emitting CL phosphor. The CL efficiency of YVO4:Eu crystallized from aqueous solution at 200 degree(s)C is relatively low until it is annealed. The distribution of particle sizes in the low- temperature phosphor is similar to that in material made via a solid-state route, but crystallites remain much smaller (ca. 400 angstrom) until they are annealed. These observations, along with the anomalously strong dependence of CL intensity on europium concentration, support a model in which efficiency principally depends on crystallite size. CL efficiency of both solid state and hydrothermal YVO4:Eu increases with voltage at constant power. Surface-bound electrons are likely the dominant influence on efficiency at voltages near threshold. Saturation power is independent of synthetic route. It is apparent that the CL properties of hydrothermally synthesized YVO4:Eu are essentially the same as those of YVO4:Eu produced via conventional, high-temperature routes.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Employing information technology in purchasing: Buyer-supplier relationships and size of the supplier base

Abstract Despite the fact that U.S. companies have made substantial investments in information technology (IT), relatively little empirical research has focused on the impact of IT investments used to support purchasing functions. Such a phenomenon deserves greater attention by industrial marketers in light of two widely recognized trends, the shift away from arms-length exchange relationships and the shift toward supplier base reductions. In this article we present a series of propositions related to how the extent of IT investments and their degree of use in purchasing may alter the nature of buyer-supplier relationships, that is, foster the development of closer relationships overall, and also contribute to the reduction of the number of vendors being used. The results of an empirical test of our propositions suggest that IT investments enhance buyer-supplier relationships indirectly, mediated by the degree of IT use in transaction processing, while also directly contributing to the reduction of supplier bases. Implications and directions for future research are also discussed.
Nucleotide sequence and genetic map of cowpea severe mosaic virus RNA 2 and comparisons with RNA 2 of other comoviruses.

Abstract We report the nucleotide sequence of cowpea severe mosaic comovirus (CPSMV) genomic RNA 2. The molecule is composed of 3732 nucleotide (nt) residues, exclusive of the polyadenylate at the 3′ end. Only one of the six reading frame registers has a long open reading frame, from nt 255 to nt 3260 in the polarity of encapsidated RNA and corresponding to a polyprotein of 1002 amino acid residues (aa). As has been reported for other comoviruses, a second in-frame AUG, at nt position 531, apparently also initiates translation, at least in vitro. Multiple alignments of the deduced CPSMV polyprotein as sequence with those of bean pod mottle comovirus (BPMV), cowpea mosaic como-virus (CPMV), and red clover mottle comovirus (RCMV) were consistent with a similar size for each of the three genes: the putative movement protein, beginning at the second in-frame AUG, the large coat protein (L), and the small coat protein. Identical nucleotide sequences in the terminal noncoding regions of RNA 2 of the four viruses are limited to 9 nt at the 5′ end and the 3′ polyadenylate. However, extensive similarities in sequence and potential structure were found. For all three genes and the 5' untranslated region, CPSMV and BPMV are more similar to each other than either is to CPMV or RCMV, the last two being similar to each other. Observed similarities predict that both cleavage sites in the CPSMV RNA 2 polyprotein are at glutamine-serine dipeptides. A sequence of 16 as at the amino terminus of L, determined by automated Edman degradation, matched a region of the deduced as sequence in the polyprotein and is consistent with cleavage at the predicted glutamine-serine dipeptide.
Solid phase extraction, GC separation and EC detection of tributyltin chloride

Abstract A new procedure for determining trace levels of tributyltin chloride (Bu 3 SnCl) present in seawater, without resorting to derivatization, has been developed. The stepwise approach involves: 1) solid phase extraction of Bu 3 SnCl from 100 ml of water using 100 mg of octadecyl (C-18) bonded porous silica; 2) elution with HCl treated ethyl acetate to collect 50 μl of the eluate; 3) on-column injection of 1 μl of the eluate and separation on a 15 m DB-5 fused silica capillary column; and 4) detection of pg quantities of Bu 3 SnCl by electron capture. Background and stability problems with both bonded porous and fused silica are described using test data from contrived and harbor water samples.
Alkyl alkanethiolsulfonate sulfhydryl reagents: β-Sulfhydryl-modified derivatives of l-cysteine as substrates for trypsin and α-chymotrypsin

Abstract Derivatives of l -cysteine and the A chain of bovine insulin have been chemically modified at the cysteinyl β-sulfhydryl by certain sulfhydryl-specific alkyl alkanethiolsulfonate reagents. The alkanethiolation products possess mixed-disulfide side chains structurally similar to the side chains of lysine and phenylalanine and hence were studied here as substrates for trypsin and α-chymotrypsin, respectively. Kinetic parameters were obtained for the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolyses of the modified l -cysteine analogs and of specific reference amino acids which were derivatized analogously at both the α-amino and α-carboxyl groups and assayed identically. For both enzymes it was found that the specificity constants, k cat K m , for analog esters compare favorably with those for specific reference esters, whereas specificity constants for analog amides compare much less favorably with those for specific reference amides. This discrepancy is largely a consequence of the k cat values for the analog amides being relatively much lower than the corresponding values for the reference amides. Consistent with this trend, no detectable enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the amide bonds at the sites of modified cysteine residues in the A chain of bovine insulin was observed. It is proposed that the predominant kinetic consequence of the mixed-disulfide side chains of the alkanethiolated cysteine moieties is a decrease in the acylation rate constants, k 2 , arising from an increase in the transition-state free energies of acylation.
Propulsive effects due to flight through turbulence

A simple and straightforward analysis is presented for evaluating the approximate magnitude of the propulsive effect for various types of airplane (soaring glider, light airplane, fighter, and transport). The airplane, subject to vertical gust disturbances, is assumed to be constrained to fly at constant airspeed and constant pitch angle. Changes in the magnitude and direction of the lift vector are taken into account. It is shown that the thrust effects due to turbulence vary as the square of the turbulence intensity and are quite small for moderate turbulence. Only for rather severe turbulence are the effects large enough to be given any consideration. The thrust coefficient is 10-20% of the drag coefficient of a soaring glider.
HYSTERETIC BEHAVIOR OF BOLTED – ANGLE CONNECTIONS

Abstract This paper presents an experimental investigation on the hysteretic behavior of bolted-angle beam-to-column connections. The investigation focused on: (1) the inelastic behavior under large cyclic deformation, (2) the failure modes under cyclic loading, and (3) the energy-dissipation capacity of the bolted-angle connections. Two deformation patterns, distinguished by the relative strength of angles and bolts, had a significant influence on the hysteretic behavior of the connections. Based on the experimental results, hysteresis rules were established to lay a foundation for the development of a behavioral hysteresis model of bolted-angle connections.
DNA Base sequence changes induced by ethyl methanesulfonate in a chromosomally integrated shuttle vector gene in mouse cells

We have analyzed the specificity of mutations induced by ethyl methanesulfonate (EtMes) in mouse cells carrying a selectable bacterial gene. The target gene was the Escherichia coli gpt gene contained within a retroviral shuttle vector integrated into mouse chromosomal DNA. Following mutagenesis by EtMes, cells with mutations in the gpt gene were selected as resistant to 6-thioguanine. Shuttle vector sequences were recovered from the mutant cell lines following fusion with monkey COS cells and introduced into bacteria as part of a bacterial plasmid. The DNA base sequences of the mutant genes were directly determined from plasmid DNA. All of the EtMes-induced mutations involving single base changes were found to be G:C to A:T transitions.
Characterization of novel selective H1-antihistamines for clinical evaluation in the treatment of insomnia.

Analogues of the known H1-antihistamine R-dimethindene were profiled as potential agents for the treatment of insomnia. Several highly selective compounds were efficacious in rodent sleep models. On the basis of overall profile, indene 1d and benzothiophene 2a had pharmacokinetic properties suitable for evaluation in night time dosing. Compound 2a did not show an in vivo cardiovascular effect from weak hERG channel inhibition.
Education Makes a Difference: Results of a Survey of Writing on the Job.

A survey of 182 employees participating in writing workshops reveals some differences in writing practices, based on the educational level of the employee, and suggests that employees with advanced degrees (e.g., master's or doctoral) vary most noticeably from the other groups. In particular, it seems that a large percentage of workers with graduate training write long reports, write to other experts in their field, and spend time revising. Additional research needs to be done on the impact of educational level on writing practices.
In vitro intercellular adherence of Acanthamoeba castellanii: A scanning and transmission electron microscopy study

Human corneal buttons were exposed to trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii for 12 hours. Examination of the buttons by scanning electron microscopy showed numerous trophozoites on the surface of the epithelium. Trophozoites examined by transmission electron microscopy had limited regions of attachment to the epithelium but extensive regions of attachment to each other. Attachment regions were characterized as plaque-like maculae of an incomplete desmosome junction. Firm attachment mechanisms may explain how penetration of the human cornea occurs.
Collective computational activity in self-assembled arrays of quantum dots: a novel neuromorphic architecture for nanoelectronics

We describe a new class of nanoelectronic circuits which exploits the charging behavior in resistively/capacitively linked arrays of nanometer-sized metallic islands (quantum dots), self-assembled on a resonant tunneling diode, to perform neuromorphic computation. These circuits produce associative memory effects and realize the additive short-term memory (STM) or content addressable memory (CAM) models of neural networks without requiring either large-area/high-power operational amplifiers, or massive interconnectivity between devices. Both these requirements had seriously hindered the application of neural networks in the past. Additionally, the circuits can solve NP-complete optimization problems (such as the traveling salesman problem) using single electron charge dynamics, exhibit rudimentary image-processing capability, and operate at room temperature unlike most quantum devices. Two-dimensional (2D) processors, with a 100/spl times/100 pixel capacity, can be fabricated in an area of 10/sup -8/ cm/sup 2/ leading to unprecedented functional density. Possible routes to synthesizing these circuits, employing self-assembly, are also discussed.
Cigarette smoking and ulnar mononeuropathy at the elbow.

OBJECTIVE To identify lifestyle risk factors for electrodiagnostically confirmed ulnar mononeuropathy at the elbow (UME). DESIGN A case-control study involving 101 subjects (12 with definite UME, 42 with probable UME, and 47 controls) who responded to a questionnaire requesting information on subject vocation, repetitive upper limb activity, and alcohol and cigarette use. RESULTS Subjects with definite UME reported greater tobacco usage as defined by cigarettes per day (mean +/- standard error; 20.1 +/- 5.2, 9.3 +/- 1.9, 8.6 +/- 1.5 cigarettes/day for definite, probable UME, and controls, respectively; P = 0.014) and pack-years (27.3 +/- 9.7, 12.5 +/- 3.0, 9.9 +/- 2.3, for definite, probable UME, and controls, respectively; P = 0.029). The association between cigarettes and definite UME persisted after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index and was not confounded by alcohol use. Significant negative correlations between tobacco use and ulnar conduction velocities across the elbow and amplitudes above the elbow were identified. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking and UME seem to be associated. The presence of a plausible mechanism for injury and a dose-response effect suggests that this association may be causative.
Recognition of sentences from prose

College students read 600-word passages and then were tested for recognition of verbatim sentences from the passages in comparison with paraphrased and distractor sentences. Verbatim sentences received higher recognition scores, even after a 20-min delay or with instructions to remember meaning rather than exact wording (Experiments 1 and 2). In a forced-choice test, subjects chose the verbatim sentences over two alternative forms of paraphrases (Experiment 3). Sentences containing more important information in the passages were better recognized, but more false recognition of their paraphrases also occurred.
Development of a probabilistic analysis methodology for structural reliability estimation

The novel probabilistic analysis method for assessment of structural reliability presented, which combines fast-convolution with an efficient structural reliability analysis, can after identifying the most important point of a limit state proceed to establish a quadratic-performance function. It then transforms the quadratic function into a linear one, and applies fast convolution. The method is applicable to problems requiring computer-intensive structural analysis. Five illustrative examples of the method's application are given.
Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) combined with tacrolimus in intestinal and multivisceral transplantation

Background. We combined alemtuzumab (Campath-1H, Berlex Laboratories, Montville, NJ) and tacrolimus (Tac) immunosuppression for intestinal and multivisceral transplantation. Materials and Methods. A total of 21 adult patients received 24 grafts: 14 intestinal, nine multivisceral, and one liver-intestinal graft. Alemtuzumab was administered perioperatively in four doses with low-dose Tac (levels 10-15 ng/dL) and no maintenance steroids. Tac was substituted with sirolimus in case of Tac-related complications. Suspected or mild rejections were treated with steroids. Moderate rejections were treated with steroids or OKT3. Severe rejections were treated with OKT3. Results. Of the 16 patients that were followed up for an average of 9 months, 12 are alive with functioning grafts. Two patients experienced severe rejection, three experienced moderate rejection episodes, and seven experienced mild acute rejection episodes. Four patients never developed acute rejection. Infectious complications included a cytomegalovirus enteritis and four fungal infections (related to central venous access). Conclusions. The combination of alemtuzumab and Tac therapy without steroid use seems to efficiently prevent acute rejection in a significant number of patients without causing frequent opportunistic infections.
EFFECT OF THYROPARATHYROIDECTOMY ON THE CLINICAL COURSE AND THE SERUM CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION IN DOGS.

The postoperative course of 27 thyroparathyroidectomized dogs is described with periods of observation up to 600 days. Evidence obtained at necropsy and/or reoperation supports the idea that most, if not all, of the animals had been rendered aparathyreotic. Clinically the animals appeared to separate into one group of 18 which demonstrated severe continuing tetany and another group of 9 which either never demonstrated frank tetany or else did so only transiently. When the results of the serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus analyses available for these animals were analyzed according to this grouping of symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs, statistically significant differences were found between the 2 groups. While the differences might be explained in several ways, some evidence is presented suggesting that differences in intestinal absorption of dietary calcium may be one factor. (Endocrinology 76: 9, 1965)
IL-2 and IL-15 each mediate de novo induction of FOXP3 expression in human tumor antigen-specific CD8 T cells.

A subset of CD4 T cells, known as regulatory CD4 T cells (Treg), constitutively express interleukin-2 receptor α (IL-2Rα) chain and possess potent suppressive activity in mice and humans.1,2 The forkhead winged-helix transcription factor, Foxp3, has been shown to be the lineage marker for murine CD4 Treg,3 but its role as a lineage marker in human Treg is unclear.4 In mice, a frameshift mutation in Foxp3 gene leads to a fatal lymphoproliferative syndrome resulting in an early death shortly after birth,5 suggesting that Foxp3 expression is essential for the differentiation and function of CD4 Treg to modulate immune responses. Mutations in FOXP3 gene have also resulted in the development of a similar syndrome in humans,6 which implies that the expression and normal function of FOXP3 protein is crucial for the function of human CD4 Treg as it is in mice. The role of FOXP3 expression in CD8 T cells is currently unknown. Circulating FOXP3+ CD8 T cells constitute a minuscule fraction of peripheral CD8 T cells in mice and humans7,8 and their ontogeny and function remain unknown owing to their scarcity in number. It has recently been reported that the polyclonal activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can lead to induction of FOXP3 expression in human CD8 T cells in vitro.8-10 However, the requirements for this induction and the cellular lineage of cells capable of expressing FOXP3 remain elusive. Here, we characterize the induction of FOXP3 in human antigen (Ag)-specific CD8 T cells and reveal that FOXP3 expression is induced by IL-2. Ag stimulation in the absence of exogenous IL-2 induces an effector phenotype and function independent of FOXP3 expression. Moreover, IL-15, but not IL-7 or IL-21, can also lead to induction of FOXP3 expression in CD8 T cells. These findings suggest that the ability to express FOXP3 is intrinsic to T cells that are activated in the presence of IL-2 or IL-15.
Diffusion of Hot and Cold Electrons in Semiconductor Barriers

The electron current in a semiconductor at uniform lattice temperature ${T}_{0}$, with a nonuniform electric field distribution (e.g., a barrier layer), consists of terms arising from conduction, diffusion, and thermal diffusion. The first two terms involve the mobility and diffusion coefficient which are functions of the electron temperature $T$ or, more generally, depend on certain averages over the nonequilibrium, field-dependent electron energy distribution function. The third term is due to the electron temperature gradient and is analogous to conventional thermal diffusion of a gas in a temperature gradient. In conventional theory, which neglects electron heating or cooling, the mobility and diffusion coefficient are material constants and thermal diffusion is absent. Contrary to the case of uniform fields, $T$ is not a unique function of the local field; it also depends on the current and can only be determined by a simultaneous solution of the equations for current flow and conservation of energy with boundary conditions for a particular structure. As an example, a one carrier metal-semiconductor contact rectifer has been analyzed in detail including a discussion of the Peltier effect. In the barrier region $T$ is greater than ${T}_{0}$ (i.e., hot electrons) for a reverse bias but less than ${T}_{0}$ (i.e., cold electrons) for a forward bias. Computer solutions have been obtained for a Schottky barrier and electron scattering due to acoustic phonons only.
Scattering Theory and Dynamics: Time-Dependent and Time-Independent Methods

This paper overviews the uses of scattering theory in physical chemistry, with emphasis on bimolecular chemical reactions. The topic is introduced with a historical survey of theoretical work on the H + H2 reaction. Then several of the most commonly used methods are described, including time-independent and time-dependent quantum methods, approximate quantum methods, and semiclassical and classical methods. The applications of these methods to three benchmark atom−diatom reactions, F + H2, I + HI, and H + O2, are considered in detail. These and the H + H2 application are used to illustrate dynamical phenomena that are important in chemical processes, including tunneling, trapped state resonances, quantized transition states, energy partitioning, angular distributions, and geometric phase effects. Connections with molecular beam, photodetachment, and laser chemistry experiments are discussed. Other scattering theory applications, including electronically nonadiabatic reactions, reactions with four or more ...
The management and outcome of lacerations in urban children

We prospectively studied the management and outcome of 2,834 children, aged 1 month to 18 years, who presented to the emergency department of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia for laceration repair. Patients with bite wounds were excluded from the study. Eight percent (239) of all patients had complications on initial evaluation; the most common was the presence of a foreign body (55). Infection on presentation was diagnosed in 22 cases (0.8%). All of these patients had delayed their initial care beyond 18 hours (range, 18 to 288 hours; mean, 18 hours). Other factors significantly associated with infection on presentation included occurrence of the injury outdoors (16; P P P
Isotopic Vibration-To-Vibration Energy Transfer

AbstractAn isotopically specific transverse discharge chemical laser is used to excite singleisotopes of HBr (79 -81), DBr (79 -81), HCQ (35 -37), or DCQ (35 -37). Resonant energy transferrates between the isotopic species are studied by time resolved infrared emission. Suchrates are important for isotope separation schemes using lasers. All of the rates are rapid.Direct comparisons can be made to theoretical models for resonant energy transfer processes.IntroductionThere have been a number of past investigations on the transfer of vibrational excitationbetween molecules differing only by isotopic substitution.(1-3) More recently there has beena resurgence of interest in such vibration -to- vibration (V -V) transfer rates between isotop-ically different species because of the importance of isotope separation by laser photo-chemical schemes. The motivation for such interest is clear. In order to determine bulkisotope separation efficiencies utilizing laser photochemistry, energy transfer rates mustbe known. For example, Hwang and coworkers(4,5) have demonstrated a need for the rate ofvibrational energy exchange for the process, H79Br(v =1) +H81Br(v=0) t H79Br(v =0) + H81Br(v =1),in order to compute the yields of 79Br and 81Br enrichment through two different photo-chemical pathways. These rates are also needed to accurately model and understand chemicallasers and to test theories which predict V -V rates.(1,6 -9) By making accurate measurementsof simple resonant V -V processes, it is hoped that further development of theoretical inter-pretation will be encouraged.There is still relatively little work on resonant isotopic V -V energy transfer in thehydrogen halides. These energy transfer processes are as close to resonance as possible,the AE between vibrational band centers being n0 cm -1. For highly resonant processes
Protein synthesis rates in rat muscle and skin based on Lysyl-tRNA radioactivity.

Abstract Measurement of protein synthesis in individual organs is important in understanding metabolic changes in injury, sepsis, or starvation. Methods, mostly isotopic, for measuring synthesis are plagued by problems of experimental design and interpretation. Thus it is desirable to use a variety of methods based on different assumptions. The present study is the first to isolate radioactive aminoacyl-tRNA in the study of protein synthesis in muscle and skin. Male rats, 200–300 g, trained to eat chow for 4 hr/day were studied at 2 hr (absorptive) or 16 hr (postabsorptive) after a meal. Under ether anesthesia, a tracer dose of l -[4,5-3H(N)]-lysine was infused at a constant rate. At 20, 30, or 40 min 1 ml of arterial blood was withdrawn and 2-g samples of skin and thigh muscle were quickly excised and frozen. Samples were pooled from 4 to 7 rats for each infusion period. Concentrations and specific activities were determined for plasma lysine, and for free, tRNA, and protein-bound lysine in muscle and skin. Protein renewal rates in absorptive and postabsorptive periods averaged 6 and 9% per day in muscle, and 20 and 35% in skin. The data for muscle confirms results of other methods and suggests little contribution of rapidly turning over protein. The contribution of skin to whole body protein synthesis, about 500 mg · 100 g−1 · day−1, is similar in magnitude to the contributions of muscle, liver, or intestine.
Coordinated Manipulation of Objects in a Plane

The ability to manipulate objects is a basic and necessary function of autonomous robots that can perform manufacturing tasks. We present an efficient algorithm for the coordinated manipulation of objects in a plane by independent robot agents and an efficient decision procedure for whether an object can undergo any desired reorientation or not. This algorithm has good stability properties, in that it is not sensitive to small errors in the initial data and it relies on a simple control scheme. Our result is a contribution toward realistic task-level planning for manufacturing.
The professional advancement of recreation therapy through groupwork and service-learning

Career training and education for active citizenship involving students in service to the greater community need not be viewed as distinct and juxtaposed pedagogies. Through systematic curriculum development, that includes groupwork fundamentals, experiential-learning activities, and service-learning experiences, these two educational approaches can be quite complementary and provide students with a deeper understanding of practice-based knowledge, as well as skills and knowledge to effectively respond to broader based contextual factors. Recreation therapy students at the University of Southern Maine, with background in these knowledge areas, were not only able to become effective practitioners but also obtained a broader worldview, and increased their willingness to actively engage with their professional organization and the clientele served, thus impacting both the profession and their communities.
Thermal conductivity: Reduced state correlation for ethylene and its application to gaseous aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives at moderate pressures

By means of a procedure similar to that used for the inert gases (19) and methane (20) a reduced thermal conductivity correlation was developed for ethylene from experimental data available in the literature (2, 3, 4, 9, 13). The resulting correlation permits the prediction of thermal conductivities for gaseous and liquid ethylene in the temperature range TR = 0.4 to TR = 6.0 and for pressures up to PR = 50. For pressures below PR = 0.5 this correlation was found to apply to gaseous aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives but not to cyclic compounds. For these aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives the relation between thermal conductivity at atmospheric pressure and temperature is k*/k = 0.364 T. Experimental thermal conductivities of ethylene in the liquid state and dense-phase region were compared with values predicted by the reduced-state correlation. The average deviation for thirty-six experimental points was 1.8%. Gaseous-state data at atmospheric pressure of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ethers, halogenated derivatives, esters, aldehydes, ketones, amines, nitriles, and other aliphatic compounds were also compared with values predicted by this correlation. For 414 experimental points the average deviation was 1.63%.
An MCDM Approach for Resolving Goal Conflict in MBO

Management by objectives tends to focus on one goal or objective at a time or on goals that can be made consistent. Little attention in either literature or practice is given to goals that are to be achieved simultaneously, yet conflict. Recent work in multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) can help in the formulation of goal-conflict decisions in MBO contexts. Techniques for resolving conflicts between persons can be incorporated in an MCDM framework that explicates conflict among simultaneous goals and reveals value conflicts between managers and subordinates.
A Fidelity Rating Instrument for Consumer-Run Drop-In Centers (FRI-CRDI).

Objective: Given the present emphasis on accountability and maintaining quality, the objective of this study was to develop, apply, and assess the reliability of a fidelity rating instrument for consumer-operated services—a promising model, but one for which fidelity criteria are not yet established. Method: Based on observations, documents, and director interviews from 31 consumer-run drop-in centers, we developed a scale measuring fidelity to pre-established criteria and rated each center on scale items. A second study examined the interrater reliability of the measure. Results: Scale scores on the 31 centers showed substantial heterogeneity on the majority of the criteria. The fidelity rating scale demonstrated satisfactory interrater reliability on most items. Conclusions: The fidelity rating instrument is ready to be used by social work researchers evaluating consumer-operated services. Furthermore, social work researchers can use similar methods with other innovative services that should be evaluate...
Synthesis and protein adsorption resistance of PEG-modified poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) core/shell microgels

Thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) nanoparticles grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains were prepared via free-radical precipitation polymerization, using PEG monomethyl ether monomethacrylate (PEG-MA) as a comonomer. The breadth of the particle size distributions was found to increase with the amounts of the PEG-MA used, along with a broadening of the volume phase transition of the particles and a transition shift to higher temperatures. However, these effects were minimized by spatially localizing the PEG to the particle periphery in core−shell pNIPAm particles prepared using a two-stage precipitation polymerization method. Reduced protein adsorption on the particle surface was observed as a result of incorporation of PEG chains into the particles, especially when the PEG chains were located in the particle shell. The protein adsorption measurements also suggest that the PEG side chains may stretch outward from the particle surface as the particles collapse at temperature abo...
Energy Constrained Dominating Set for Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks

Using partitioning in wireless sensor networks to create clusters for routing, data management, and other protocols has been proven as a way to ensure scalability and to deal with sensor network shortcomings such as limited communication ranges and energy. Choosing a cluster head within each cluster is important because cluster heads use additional energy for their responsibilities and that burden needs to be carefully passed around. Many existing protocols either choose cluster heads randomly or use nodes with the highest remaining energy. We introduce the energy constrained minimum dominating set (ECDS) to model the problem of optimally choosing cluster heads with energy constraints. We propose a distributed algorithm for the constrained dominating set which runs in O(log n log) rounds with high probability. We experimentally show that the distributed algorithm performs well in terms of energy usage, node lifetime, and clustering time and, thus, is very suitable for wireless sensor networks.
Effects of overburden on joint spacing in layered rocks

Abstract When a layered system of rock beds is subjected to a sufficiently large extensional strain, joints form in the competent layers. Previous analyses have shown that the ratio between joint spacing and competent layer thickness decreases as the applied strain increases. Further, if the entire interface between the competent layer and the matrix fails in shear (slip), no new joints can form and a lower bound on the joint spacing is reached. In this paper, a joint spacing analysis is developed to explicitly account for the effects of overburden depth. The resulting model is a pair of non-linear equations that can be solved for the characteristic joint spacing as a function of layer thickness, applied strain, and overburden depth. The model results show that, for a given applied strain, the joint spacing first decreases and then increases with depth. This behavior is controlled by the opposing effects of depth-increasing shear strength along the competent layer–matrix interface and depth-increasing compressive prestress. The analysis also reveals that the lower bound (saturation) joint spacing is strongly dependent on depth. Within the choice of realistic physical parameters, predicted values of the saturation-spacing-to-layer-thickness ratio span the range of values observed in the field.
Enhancing geoscience education within a minority-serving preservice teacher population

The University of Texas Institute for Geophysics and Huston-Tillotson University collaborated on a proof of concept project to offer a geoscience course to undergraduate students and preservice teachers in order to expand the scope of geoscience education within the local minority student and teacher population. Students were exposed to rigorous Earth science materials, geoscientists conducting cutting-edge research, headliner topics, and pedagogical approaches to teaching. An evaluation of the data reveal that the course received mixed, but overall positive reviews and that student performance was mixed. Pre- and posttest results indicate that students made only modest gains. Half of the students performed at levels that matched our expectations and will be able to apply the geoscience knowledge and skills that they learned in an elementary school setting. The course contributed to the preparation of minority teachers to teach Earth science in Texas, filling a critical need. The authors, in collaboration with a minority-serving institution and as part of the preparation for a preservice teacher program, benefited from the experience; they subsequently applied the lessons learned to a program of professional development for minority-serving science teachers, the TeXas Earth and Space Science (TXESS) Revolution. 2012 National Association of Geoscience Teachers. [DOI: 10.5408/11-229.1]
Organizational consultants and organizational research

(1991). Organizational consultants and organizational research. Journal of Applied Communication Research: Vol. 19, The Agenda for Applied Communication Research, pp. 20-31.
Rapid sliding indentation with friction on a transversely isotropic thermoelastic half-space

Abstract A rigid insulated die slides at a constant sub-critical speed on a transversely isotropic half-space in the presence of friction. In a two-dimensional analysis of the dynamic steady-state, the coupled equations of thermoelasticity are invoked. All elements of the Coulomb friction model are strictly enforced, thus giving rise to auxiliary conditions, including two unilateral constraints. Robust asymptotic forms of an exact solution to a related problem with unmixed boundary conditions lead to analytical solutions for the sliding indentation problem. The solution expressions, abetted by calculations for zinc, show the role of frictional heating on the half-space surface. The effects of friction and sliding speed on contact zone size and location and average contact zone temperature are also studied. The analysis is aided by factoring procedures that simplify the complicated forms that arise in anisotropic elasticity. A scheme that renders expressions for roots of certain irrational functions analytic to within a single quadrature also plays a role.
VQ Based Image Retrieval Using Color and Position Features

We present a new lower complexity approach for content based image retrieval based on a relative compressibility similarity measure using VQ codebooks employing feature vectors based on color and position. In previous work we have developed a system that employs feature vectors that are a combination of color and position. In this paper, we present a new approach that decouples color and position. We present this approach as two methods. The first trains separate codebooks for color and position features, eliminating the need for potentially application specific feature weightings during training. The second method achieves nearly the same performance at greatly reduced complexity by partitioning images into regions and training high-rate TSVQ codebooks for each region (i.e., position information is made implicit). Features extracted from query regions are encoded with the corresponding database region codebooks. The maximum number of codewords that a database region codebook may contain is determined at runtime and is a function of the query features. Region codebooks are then pruned appropriately before encoding query features. Experiments performed on the COREL image database show this new approach to provide almost equivalent retrieval precision to our previous method of jointly trained codebooks (and an improvement over previous methods) at much lower complexity.
Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2000

The 2000 Atlantic hurricane season is summarized and the year’s tropical and subtropical cyclones are described. While overall activity was very high compared to climatology, with 15 cyclones attaining tropical (or subtropical) storm intensity, much of this activity occurred outside of the deep Tropics, over open waters north of 258N. The season’s tropical cyclones were responsible for 54 fatalities, with most of these occurring in Central America in association with Hurricanes Gordon and Keith.
Kv1.1-dependent control of hippocampal neuron number as revealed by mosaic analysis with double markers

Megencephaly, or mceph, is a spontaneous frame-shift mutation of the mouse Kv1.1 gene. This mceph mutation results in a truncated Kv1.1 channel α-subunit without the channel pore domain or the voltage sensor. Interestingly, mceph/mceph mouse brains are enlarged and – unlike wild-type mouse brains – they keep growing throughout adulthood, especially in the hippocampus and ventral cortex. We used mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM) to identify the underlying mechanism. In mceph-MADM6 mice with only a small fraction of neurons homozygous for the mceph mutation, those homozygous mceph/mceph neurons in the hippocampus are more abundant than wild-type neurons produced by sister neural progenitors. In contrast, neither mceph/mceph astrocytes, nor neurons in the adjacent dorsal cortex (including the entorhinal and parietal cortex) exhibited overgrowth in the adult brain. The sizes of mceph/mceph hippocampal neurons were comparable to mceph/+ or wild-type neurons. Our mosaic analysis reveals that loss of Kv1.1 function causes an overproduction of hippocampal neurons, leading to an enlarged brain phenotype.
Nonsense-Mediated Decay of ash1 Nonsense Transcripts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) performs two functions in eukaryotes, one in controlling the expression level of a substantial subset of genes and the other in RNA surveillance. In the vast majority of genes, nonsense mutations render the corresponding transcripts prone to surveillance and subject to rapid degradation by NMD. To examine whether some classes of nonsense transcripts escape surveillance, we asked whether NMD acts on mRNAs that undergo subcellular localization prior to translation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, wild-type ASH1 mRNA is one of several dozen transcripts that are exported from the mother-cell nucleus during mitotic anaphase, transported to the bud tip on actin cables, anchored at the bud tip, and translated. Although repressed during transport, translation is a prerequisite for NMD. We found that ash1 nonsense mutations affect transport and/or anchoring independently of NMD. The nonsense transcripts respond to NMD in a manner dependent on the position of the mutation. Maximal sensitivity to NMD occurs when transport and translational repression are simultaneously impaired. Overall, our results suggest a model in which ash1 mRNAs are insensitive to NMD while translation is repressed during transport but become sensitive once repression is relieved.
A Qualitative Investigation of Barriers to Entry into Couples Treatment for Alcohol Problems

This study used qualitative methodology to evaluate barriers to entry into couples' treatment for alcohol problems. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Patients were recruited from (a) treatment for primary substance use disorders, (b) treatment for psychiatric disorders (other than substance use disorders), and (c) court-mandated outpatient domestic violence programs. Mental health experts were recruited based on expertise in (a) couples' treatment, (b) alcohol treatment, and (c) couples' treatment for alcohol problems. Patients (N = 57) met criteria for hazardous drinking and were in committed romantic relationships. Partners (n = 19) and mental health experts (n = 12) also completed interviews. Interviews were analyzed using accepted qualitative strategies. Barriers to treatment entry were identified at the patient, partner, and couple level. Barriers identified included psychological barriers, alcohol illness factors, treatment preferences and beliefs, and interpersonal factors. Although many barriers are similar to those previously identified in individual alcohol treatment, barriers unique to couples' treatment provide guidance for next directions for dissemination.
Making Short-Run Changes in Production when the Employment Level is Fixed

In a factory with a given employment level, there are often opportunities to make adjustments to that level via overtime, the use of subcontractors, a curtailed work week, etc. These temporary adjustments are unlike those in production smoothing models where any change in the employment level during one period is carried over to the beginning of the next one. For a single product having stochastic demand, we characterize optimal production policies when the temporary adjustments have proportional costs. Other production costs in the model are proportional to the quantity produced and expected inventory holding and penalty costs are convex. The cases treated include nonstationary finite horizon stationary infinite horizon, discounted cost, average cost, and excess demand being either backlogged or lost. The infinite-horizon problems have optimal policies that depend on two parameters that can be computed with relatively small linear programming problems. The computations exploit the structure of the streamlined separable version of our Markovian decision problem.
Limited Attention to Search Costs in the Gasoline Retail Market: Evidence from a Choice Experiment on Consumer Willingness to Search

We conduct a choice experiment to investigate whether U.S. gasoline consumers exhibit limited attention to the costs of searching for lower prices. When consumers search for prices as they drive, the search cost is a function of the amount of gasoline consumed while driving and the time spent searching for prices. We randomize the amount of information we provide the respondents to a survey about search costs in one of 3 ways: time, gasoline, or both. Results indicate that cognitive costs cause inattention to time costs. We also find that respondents overestimate the cost of the gasoline used while driving, thus forgoing consumer surplus. Copyright 2013, Oxford University Press.