cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Can We Keep Him Forever? Teens’ Engagement and Desire for Emotional Connection with a Social Robot

Today’s teens will most likely be the first generation to spend a lifetime living and interacting with both mechanical and social robots. Although human–robot interaction has been explored in children, adults, and seniors, examination of teen–robot interaction has been limited. In this paper, we provide evidence that teen–robot interaction is a unique area of inquiry and designing for teens is categorically different from other types of human–robot interaction. Using human-centered design, our team is developing a social robot to gather stress and mood data from teens in a public high school. To better understand teen–robot interaction, we conducted an interaction study in the wild to explore and capture teens’ interactions with a low-fidelity social robot prototype. Then, through group interviews we gathered data regarding their perceptions about social robots. Although we anticipated minimal engagement due to the low fidelity of our prototype, teens showed strong engagement and lengthy interactions. Additionally, teens expressed thoughtful articulations of how a social robot could be emotionally supportive. We conclude the paper by discussing future areas for consideration when designing for teen–robot interaction.
Performance Analysis of OLSR Protocol under MPR Attack in Progressive Size Grid MANET

Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is a collection of mobile devices which interchange information without the use of predefined infrastructures or central administration. It is employed in many domains such as military and commercial sectors, data and sensors networks, low level applications, etc. The important constraints in this network are the limitation of bandwidth, processing capabilities and battery life. The choice of an effective routing protocol is primordial. From many routing protocols developed for MANET, OLSR protocol is a widely-used proactive routing protocol which diffuses topological information periodically. Thus, every node has a global vision of the entire network. The protocol assumes, like the other protocols, that the nodes cooperate in a trusted environment. So, all control messages are transmitted (HELLO messages) to all 1-hop neighbor nodes or broadcasted (TC and MID messages) to the entire network in clear. However, a node, which listens to OLSR control messages, can exploit this property to lead an attack. In this paper, we investigate on MultiPoint Relay (MPR) attack considered like one of the efficient OLSR attacks by using a simulation in progressive size gridMANET.
Linking depressive symptom dimensions to cerebellar subregion volumes in later life

The present study examined the relationship between subthreshold depressive symptoms and gray matter volume in subregions of the posterior cerebellum. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 38 adults aged 51 to 80 years were analyzed along with participants’ responses to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Subscale scores for depressed mood, somatic symptoms, and lack of positive affect were calculated, and multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between symptom dimensions and cerebellar volumes. Greater total depressive symptoms and greater somatic symptoms of depression were significantly related to larger volumes of vermis VI, a region within the salience network, which is altered in depression. Exploratory analyses revealed that higher scores on the lack of positive affect subscale were related to larger vermis VIII volumes. These results support that depressive symptom profiles have unique relationships within the cerebellum that may be important as the field move towards targeted treatment approaches for depression.
RESPONSE: The Time for Action Is Now.

The lack of gender diversity in cardiology has long been considered a workforce problem, yet data were lacking. The past 5 years have seen the publication of a series of cardiology-specific papers on physician demographics, inequities, and barriers to recruitment ([1–5][1]), alongside a robust and
Rapid implementation of a mobile prone team during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract Purpose The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high rates of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Prone positioning improves mortality in moderate-to-severe ARDS. Strategies to increase prone positioning under crisis conditions are needed. Material and methods We describe the development of a mobile prone team during the height of the crisis in New York City and describe characteristics and outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients who received prone positioning between April 2, 2020 and April 30, 2020. Results Ninety patients underwent prone positioning for moderate-to-severe ARDS. Sixty-six patients (73.3%) were men, with a median age of 64 years (IQR 53–71), and the median PaO2:FiO2 ratio was 107 (IQR 85–140) prior to prone positioning. Patients required an average of 3 ± 2.2 prone sessions and the median time of each prone session was 19 h (IQR 17.5–20.75). By the end of the study period, proning was discontinued in sixty-seven (65.1%) cases due to clinical improvement, twenty (19.4%) cases due to lack of clinical improvement, six (5.8%) cases for clinical worsening, and ten (9.7%) cases due to a contraindication. Conclusion The rapid development of a mobile prone team safely provided prone positioning to a large number of COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS.
Measuring Environmental Values and Identity

Scholars who study environmental problems across the social sciences often require a measure of the lens through which people filter information. Many scales have been created to serve in this anal...
Interprofessional education in obstetrics: Impact on team climate and student clinical involvement

Abstract Background The Obstetrical team provides an opportunity for interprofessional education in the clinical environment. Purpose Evaluate the impact of Interprofessional Learning in Obstetrics on student assessment of team climate and on student clinical involvement. Methods This retrospective cohort study of medical students on the Obstetrics and Gynecology clerkship evaluated the impact of shadowing Labor and Delivery nurses to become familiar with the nurse's role. Students participated in the work of the obstetrical team from the nursing perspective. Impact of this experience on the team environment was assessed using the Team Climate Inventory. Student clinical involvement was measured by comparing the number of students who played a hands-on role in vaginal deliveries. Discussion Statistically significant improvements were seen on each of the Team Climate Inventory subscales and in student involvement in vaginal deliveries. Conclusions Interprofessional learning in Obstetrics was associated with improvements in team climate and student clinical involvement.
TacTex-05: an adaptive agent for TAC SCM

Supply chains are ubiquitous in the manufacturing of many complex products. Traditionally, supply chains have been created through the interactions of human representatives of the companies involved, but advances in autonomous agent technologies have sparked an interest in automating the process. The Trading Agent Competition Supply Chain Management (TAC SCM) scenario provides a unique testbed for studying supply chain management agents. This paper introduces TacTex-05, the champion agent from the 2005 competition, focusing on its ability to adapt to opponent behavior over a series of games. The impact of this adaptivity is examined through both analysis of competition results and controlled experiments.
The effect of threshold voltages on the soft error rate [memory and logic circuits]

Due to technology scaling, smaller devices and lower operating voltages, next generation circuits are highly susceptible to soft errors. Another important problem confronting silicon scaling is static power consumption. In this paper, we analyze the effect of increasing threshold voltage (widely used for reducing static power consumption) on the soft error rate (SER). We find that increasing threshold voltage improves the SER of transmission gate based flip-flops, but can adversely affect the robustness of combinational logic due to the effect of higher threshold voltages on the attenuation of transient pulses. We also show that clever use of high V/sub t/ can improve the robustness of 6T-SRAMs.
Fungi, Weathering, and the Emergence of Animals

A billion years separated the advent of one-celled eukaryotes from that of multicellular animals. This rise of the animals may have been triggered by increases in atmospheric oxygen resulting from mineral weathering accelerated by ancient soil biota.
Peer-driven quality improvement among health workers and traditional birth attendants in Sierra Leone: linkages between providers’ organizational skills and relationships

Sierra Leone has among the poorest maternal and child health indicators in the world and investments in public health have been predominately to increase demand for services, with fewer initiatives targeting supply side factors that influence health workers’ work environment. This paper uses data from the Quality Circles project in a rural district of Sierra Leone to achieve three objectives. First, we examine the effect of the intervention on organizational skills and relationships among coworkers as well as between health workers and traditional birth attendants. Second, we examine whether changes in organizational skills are associated with changes in relationships among and between formal and informal health providers and between health providers and clients. Third, we aim to further understand these changes through the perspectives of health workers and traditional birth attendants. The Quality Circles project was implemented in Kailahun District in the Eastern province of Sierra Leone from August 2011 to June 2013, with adjacent Tonkolili District serving as the control site. Using a mixed-methods approach, the evaluation included a quantitative survey, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with health workers and traditional birth attendants. Mean values of the variables of interest were compared across sub-populations, and correlation analyses were performed between changes in organizational skills and changes in relationships. The results demonstrate that the Quality Circles intervention had positive effects on organizational skills and relationships. Furthermore, improvements in all organizational skill variables – problem-solving, strategizing and negotiation skills – were strongly associated with a change in the overall relationship variable. The Quality Circles approach has the potential to support health workers to improve their organizational skills and relationships, which in turn can contribute to improving the interpersonal dimensions of the quality of care in low-resource contexts. This method brings together peers in a structured process for constructive group work and individual skill development, which are important in low-resource contexts where active participation and resourcefulness of health workers can also contribute to better health service delivery.
Vouchers for basic education in developing countries : a principal-agent perspective

Voucher programs consist of three simultaneous reforms: (1) allowing parents to choose schools, (2) creating intense incentives for schools to increase enrollment, and (3) granting schools management autonomy to respond to demand. As a result, voucher advocates and critics tend to talk past each other. A principal-agent framework clarifies the argument for education vouchers. Central findings from the literature, including issues related to variance in the performance measure, risk aversion, the productivity of more effort, multiple tasks, and the value of monitoring are found relevant for an analysis of vouchers. An assessment of findings on voucher programs in industrial countries, as well as a review of voucher or quasi-voucher experiences in Bangladesh, Chile, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, and the Czech Republic support the usefulness of the analytic framework. The authors conclude that vouchers for basic education in developing countries can enhance outcomes when they are limited to modest numbers of poor students in urban settings, particularly in conjunction with existing private schools with surplus capacity. The success of more ambitious voucher programs depends on an institutional infrastructure challenging to industrial and developing countries alike.
Corsets, Headpieces, and Tape: An Ethnography of Gendered Performance

Drag queens co-construct their identities in order to become part of one segment of the gay community referred to as the drag queen community. We argue that to act in the identity of a drag queen is to maximize the contrast with ascribed gender identity and minimize the distortion thereof. We adapted Tajifel and Turner’s (1979) Social Identity Theory to provide us with the necessary framework, but we built upon Goffman’s dramaturgical metaphor and Carbaugh’s ideas on social identification. We conducted several interviews with the different performers before and after the drag shows over several weeks. As part of our findings, in order for the drag queens to communicatively create their group identity, there is a certain degree of behavior and attitude conformity. There is an importance placed upon the likeness or dependence/reliance on one another (i.e. a sense of community), and last, there is internalization of these behaviors, exerted both individually and collectively. This helps to solidify their sense of community and belonging through ritualistic behaviors and allows the individuals to gain a better understanding of who they are personally and socially through this membership. Key words : Social Identification; Gender Identity; Drag Queen Culture Resume: Les drag queens co-construisent leurs identites pour devenir partie d'un segment de la communaute homosexuelle appelee la communaute des drag queens. Nous affirmons qu'agir dans l'identite de drag queen est de maximiser le contraste avec l'identite de genre attribue et minimiser la distorsion de celle-ci. Nous avons adapte la theorie de l'identite sociale de Tajifel et Turner (1979) afin de nous fournir un cadre necessaire, mais nous avons construit la metaphore dramaturgique de Goffman et les idees sur l'identification sociale de Carbaugh. Nous avons mene plusieurs entretiens avec de differents artistes avant et apres les spectacles sur plusieurs semaines. En tant qu'une partie de nos resultats, nous avons trouve que pour que les drag queens puissent creer leur identite de groupe, il y a un certain degre de comportement et d'attitude de conformite. Il y a une importance accordee a la ressemblance ou la dependance/confiance entre les uns les autres (c'est a dire un sentiment de communaute), et enfin, il y a une internalisation de ces comportements, exerces a la fois individuellement et collectivement. Cela contribue a solidifier leur sentiment de communaute et d'appartenance a travers des comportements rituels et permet aux individus de mieux comprendre qui sont-ils personnellement et socialement par le biais de cette adhesion. Mots-cles: Identification Sociale; Identite de Genre; Culture de Drag Queen
Ensuring the semantic correctness of complex regions

Ensuring the semantic and topological correctness of spatial data is an important requirement in geographical information systems and spatial database systems in order to preserve spatial data quality and enable correct operation execution. Spatial objects like complex regions are usually represented as an ordered sequence of segments (sequence view) to support and ease the computation of spatial operations by means of plane sweep algorithms. The semantic correctness of such a sequence is usually simply assumed but is not easy to see. In this paper, we present a novel and efficient algorithm to discover the cyclic structure and check for the semantic correctness of the sequence representation of a complex region by determining its cyclic structures (component view) in terms of multiple faces possibly containing holes. The algorithm producing the component view is also interesting for object construction, manipulation, and visualization.
Low-cost active anti-gravity suspension system

Recently, SatCon Technology Corporation has successfully demonstrated a novel anti-gravity suspension for NASA Langley. This approach consists of a passive gravity-unload mechanism enhanced with an active inertia-controller. The passive gravity-unload is achieved by supporting the suspended body with a counterbalanced cable system. The suspension is unique because it has essentially zero stiffness and zero damping relative to conventional approaches. The effect of suspension stiffness on the dynamics of the suspended article is essentially eliminated. During this phase, a hardware demonstration of this concept providing a vertical anti-gravity suspension using low-cost, off-the-shelf components was developed. The results achieved are compared with the capabilities of available mechanical suspensions systems to attain zero-gravity environments. Finally, a discussion is provided on extending this concept to three dimensions using an actively-controlled translational table.
Toward better ride performance of vehicle suspension system via intelligent control

The authors focus on developing a robust control algorithm for vehicle suspension systems while providing a comfortable ride. Specifically, a model reference self-tuning fuzzy logic control scheme which consists of a primary and a secondary controller is proposed. The primary controller performs the major control function for the actual sprung mass acceleration. The secondary controller is used to tune the output membership function of the primary fuzzy logic controller online so that it is capable of adapting process variations such as sprung mass change, spring and damper rate variations, and harsh road conditions. Simulation results show that the performance of the suspension system controlled by the proposed controller is much better than that of a passive suspension system. The simulations and a comparison study also demonstrate the superior robustness of the proposed fuzzy logic controller over the conventional controller for an active vehicle suspension system. >
The P-T-t history of blocks in serpentinite-matrix melange, west- central Baja California

Thermochronologic, petrologic, and geochemical analyses of epidote-amphibolite-, amphilbolite-, eclogite-, and blueschist-facies blocks in serpentinite-matrix melanges from East San Benito Island and Cedros Island, west-central Baja California, provide constraints on the P-T-t history of this disrupted terrane. Results of {sup 40}Ar/{sup 39}Ar step heating experiments on minerals separated from these blocks vary according to metamorphic grade and indicate different P-T-t histories. Mid-Jurassic (160-170 Ma) epidote-amphibolite- and amphibolite-facies blocks were probably derived from oceanic crust and associated sediments that were metamorphosed during limitation of subduction. Coarse-grained blueschist blocks were likely metamorphosed during continued subduction in late Early Cretaceous time (that is, 115-100 Ma). Some epidote-amphibolite blocks are partially overprinted by blueschist-facies mineral assemblages and apparently record both metamorphic events. Fission-track analyses of apatites indicate that the blocks underwent significantly different post-metamorphic cooling histories. Epidote-amphilbolite and amphibolite blocks cooled below {approximately}100 {degrees}C form mid-Jurassic to Paleocene time; blueschist blocks cooled below {approximately}100 {degrees}C in Oligocene-Miocene time. In general, mafic blocks have trace-element concentrations and REE patterns characteristic of ocean-flood basalts. This study demonstrates that samples with very different P-T-t histories can evidently occur over relatively small length scales (<<1 km) in serpentinite-matrix melanges. 67 refs., 16 figs., 4 tabs.
The role of carbohydrate in the function of human plasminogen: comparison of the protein obtained from molecular cloning and expression in Escherichia coli and COS cells.

Abstract A cDNA library was constructed in the phage lambda gt11 from human liver mRNA enriched for plasminogen mRNA by chromatography on Sepharose 4B. A full-lenght cDNA clone of human plasminogen was isolated. The 2.7 kb cDNA encoded the entire plasminogen molecule, signal peptide sequence and two start codons with a 5′-untranslated region of about 80 base pairs. In the 3′-non coding region of 280 base pairs a consensus signal AATAAA was found at a distance of 46 base pairs upstream of the poly(A) tail. The plasminogen cDNA was subcloned in the eukaryotic expression vector p91023 (B), and human plasminogen was expressed in monkey kidney (COS m6) cells and in Escherichia coli. The recombinant molecule obtained from COS cells has physicochemical and biological properties similar to native human plasminogen I, indicating that it has folded in a manner similar to plasminogen synthesized by liver. By contrast, plasminogen expressed in E. coli could not be activated and showed biological properties which are very different from glycosylated forms of plasminogen. However, the non-glycosylated plasminogen was bound by lysine-Sepharose and reacted with a conformation dependent monoclonal antibody to kringles 1 to 3. These data suggest that the protein has properly folded kringle domains. Our studies suggest that the carbohydrate domains may play an important role in the function of the plasminogen molecule.
Source identification of PM2.5 in an arid Northwest U.S. City by positive matrix factorization

Spokane, WA is prone to frequent particulate pollution episodes due to dust storms, biomass burning, and periods of stagnant meteorological conditions. Spokane is the location of a long-term study examining the association between health effects and chemical or physical constituents of particulate pollution. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to deduce the sources of PM2.5 (particulate matter V2.5 Am in aerodynamic diameter) at a residential site in Spokane from 1995 through 1997. A total of 16 elements in 945 daily PM2.5 samples were measured. The PMF results indicated that seven sources independently contribute to the observed PM2.5 mass: vegetative burning (44%), sulfate aerosol (19%), motor vehicle (11%), nitrate aerosol (9%), airborne soil (9%), chlorinerich source (6%) and metal processing (3%). Conditional probability functions were computed using surface wind data and the PMF deduced mass contributions from each source and were used to identify local point sources. Concurrently measured carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides were correlated with the PM2.5 from both motor vehicles and vegetative burning. D 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Bacteriophage associated silicon particles: Design and characterization of a novel theranostic vector with improved payload carrying potential

There has been extensive research on the use of nanovectors for cancer therapy. Targeted delivery of nanotherapeutics necessitates two important characteristics: the ability to accumulate at the disease locus after overcoming sequential biological barriers and the ability to carry a substantial therapeutic payload. Successful combination of the above two features is challenging, especially in solid porous materials where chemical conjugation of targeting entities on the particle surface will generally prevent successful loading of the therapeutic substance. In this study, we propose a novel strategy for decorating the surface of mesoporous silicon particles with targeting entities (bacteriophage) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) while maintaining their payload carrying potential. The resulting Bacteriophage Associated Silicon Particles (BASP) demonstrate efficient encapsulation of macromolecules and therapeutic nanoparticles into the porous structures. In vitro targeting data show enhanced targeting efficiency with about four orders of magnitude lower concentration of bacteriophage. In vivo targeting data suggest that BASP maintain their integrity following intravenous administration in mice and display up to three fold higher accumulation in the tumor.
Nearshore Regions of Lake Superior: Multi-element Signatures of Mining Discharges and a Test of Pb-210 Deposition under Conditions of Variable Sediment Mass Flux

Abstract Around the turn-of-the century, mining activities greatly increased sediment accumulation and metal fluxes in nearshore regions of Lake Superior. In the low-energy environment of Portage Lake, within the Keweenaw Waterway estuary, sediment accumulation increased 33X, whereas elemental Cu flux increased 312X. One difficulty in establishing the dispersion of mining discharges is that stamp sands were derived from local ore deposits, hence few elements are “unique” to the source materials. One approach is to search for multi-elemental “signatures” in concentration and flux profiles. For example, several rare earth elements of the lanthanide series are characteristic of source materials and have the potential to identify stamp sand material across Lake Superior. Although conditions of variable mass loading from multiple sources can produce complicating dilution effects in concentration profiles, multivariate techniques are capable of deciphering original source signals. Here non-destructive neutron activation analysis was utilized to construct elemental flux and concentration profiles, then multivariate techniques (Factor Analysis, End-member Analysis) were used to illustrate how partial mass flux signatures can be assigned to two different types of ore lodes (conglomerate, amygdaloid) and to background (erosional) sedimentation. Temporal patterns were verified through archived company discharge records. Also exploited were the varve-like deposition of slime clays to independently check 210 Pb determinations under conditions of variable sediment mass flux and to demonstrate constant excess 210 Pb delivery to sediments in the presence of massive slime clay loading. The results suggest assumptions of 210 Pb dating may apply under conditions where sediment accumulation is highly variable.
The effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on JNK in oxidative injury in cardiomyocytes

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce oxidative injury via iron interactions (i.e. Fenton chemistry and hydroxyl radical formation). Our prior work suggested that American ginseng berry extract and ginsenoside Re were highly cardioprotective against oxidant stress. To extend this study, we evaluated the protective effect of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside Rb1 (gRb1) on H2O2-induced oxidative injury in cardiomyocytes and explored the ROS-mediated intracellular signaling mechanism. Cultured embryonic chick cardiomyocytes (4–5 day) were used. Cell death was assessed by propidium iodide and lactate dehydrogenase release. Pretreatment with gRb1 (0.01, 0.1, or 1 μM) for 2 h and concurrent treatment with H2O2 (0.5 mM) for 2 h resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of cell death, 36.6 ± 2.9% (n = 12, p < 0.05), 30.5 ± 5.1% (n = 12, p < 0.05) and 28.6 ± 3.1% (n = 12, p < 0.01) respectively, compared to H2O2-exposed cells (48.2 ± 3.3%, n = 12). This cardioprotective effect of gRb1 was associated with attenuated intracellular ROS generation as measured by 6-carboxy-2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, preserved the mitochondrial membrane potential as determined using JC-1. In the ESR study, gRb1 exhibited the scavenging DPPH and hydroxyl radical activities. Furthermore, our data showed the increased JNK phosphorylation (p-JNK) in H2O2-exposed cells was suppressed by the pretreatment with gRb 1 (1 μM) (p < 0.01). Co-treatment of gRb1 with a specific inhibitor of JNK SP600125 (10 μM) further reduced the p-JNK and enhanced the cell survival after H2O2 exposure. Collectively, our results suggest that gRb1 conferred cardioprotection that was mediated via attenuating ROS and suppressing ROS-induced JNK activation.
Daily subcutaneous injections of peptide induce CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells

Peptide immunotherapy is being explored to modulate varied disease states; however, the mechanism of action remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the ability of a subcutaneous peptide immunization schedule to induce of CD4(+) CD25(+) T regulatory cells. DO11.10 T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice on a Rag 2(-/-) background were injected subcutaneously with varied doses of purified ovalbumin (OVA(323-339)) peptide daily for 16 days. While these mice have no CD4(+) CD25(+) T regulatory cells, following this injection schedule up to 30% of the CD4(+) cells were found to express CD25. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) analysis of the induced CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells revealed increased expression of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3), suggesting that these cells may have a regulatory function. Proliferation and suppression assays in vitro utilizing the induced CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells revealed a profound anergic phenotype in addition to potent suppressive capability. Importantly, co-injection of the induced CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells with 5,6-carboxy-succinimidyl-fluorescence-ester (CFSE)-labelled naive CD4(+) T cells (responder cells) into BALB/c recipient mice reduced proliferation and differentiation of the responder cells in response to challenge with OVA(323-339) peptide plus adjuvant. We conclude that repeated subcutaneous exposure to low-dose peptide leads to de novo induction of CD4(+) CD25(+) FoxP3(+) T regulatory cells with potent in vitro and in vivo suppressive capability, thereby suggesting that one mechanism of peptide immunotherapy appears to be induction of CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells.
Organic Single-Crystal Field-Effect Transistors of a Soluble Anthradithiophene

We present the first characterization of single-crystal devices of a new solution processable material that we have previously demonstrated achieves technologically relevant performance in the polycrystalline thin film state. Our studies include growth and investigation of structural, as well as electronic properties of single crystals of 2,8-difluoro-5,11-bis(triethylsilylethynyl) anthradithiophene (diF-TESADT). Field-effect transistors fabricated on the surface of diF-TESADT single crystals exhibit excellent electronic properties: mobility as high as 6 cm2/Vs, large current on/off ratios (Ion/Ioff = 1 × 108), small subthreshold slopes (S = 1 V/dec), and extremely small hysteresis in the current−voltage characteristics. These properties, coupled with solution processability, make diF-TESADT attractive for electronic applications and demonstrate the technological potential of soluble oligomers.
Tissue Specificity of Histone Phosphorylation

The incorporation of (32)P-phosphate into histone fractions isolated from normal, hepatectomized, and Novikoff hepatoma-bearing rats was investigated. Varying degrees of phosphorylation were exhibited by different histone fractions. The phosphorylation of histones is tissue specific and appears to be correlated with metabolic cell functions, that is, it decreases with increasing mitotic activity of the cells.
Red Team Performance for Improved Computer Security

This research attempts to develop a human factors understanding of red team assessment strategies in computer and information security. Red teaming is an advanced form of assessment that can be used to identify weaknesses in a variety of security systems. The purpose of this research is to identify and define the various dimensions of red team effectiveness with the aim of improving red team performance. A study of a red team was conducted in collaboration with Sandia National Laboratories Information Design Assurance Red Team (IDART). The design of the study included semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups with red team members and observation of red team practices. The analysis yielded various dimensions of red team effectiveness from the customer, management, individual, and team member perspectives.
Large amplitude photo-voltage transients of bilayer lipid membranes in the presence of chlorophyllin.

Large amplitude electrical voltage transients result from the flash illumination of bilayer lipid membranes (BLM) in the presence of chlorophyllin, electron acceptors [FeCl3 or (NH4)2 Ce(NO3)6] and an electron donor (FeCl2). The BLM were prepared from lecithin and oxidized cholesterol, or spinach chloroplast extracts. The photo-voltage waveforms observed may be resolved into three components, which have characteristic times of approximately the flash duration (8 μsec), 1 msec, and the BLM resistance-capacitance discharge time. These components are thus comparable to the Components A, B, and D previously reported for BLM and thin lipid membranes (TLM) of the spinach chloroplast extracts in the presence of electron acceptors. Component C of the chloroplast-BLM is extinguished by near trace quantities (1 μg/l) of chlorophyllin. Higher concentrations (1 to 20 mg/l) reduce the BLM resistance and stability but under some conditions the Component A response exceeds 200 mV. The inferred peak photo-current exceeds 10 mA/cm2. Membrane resistance and stability data suggest that the chlorophyllin bonds within and disrupts the adjacent interface (monolayer), but that it does not permeate the BLM.
Primary Graft Failure After Heart Transplantation: The Importance of Donor Pharmacological Management

Abstract Background Primary graft failure (PGF) remains the strongest determinant of perioperative mortality after heart transplantation (HT). Donor management may play an important role in the incidence of PGF. Materials and methods Multivariate analysis was used to identify PGF determinants after HT. Donor and recipient data were analyzed together with preharvest management information and perioperative results. PGF was defined as the need for mechanical circulatory support immediately post-HT. Results Isolated HT was performed in 54 consecutive patients from January 2006 to June 2009. PGF occurred in 11 (20%) patients. Upon univariate analysis, preoperative mean pulmonary arterial pressure was significantly higher among patients developing PGF (P = .02). The donors for PGF patients had more often been managed with high inotropic support (dopamine > 10 μg/kg/min and/or alpha agonists > 0.06 μg/kg/min; P = .008). In contrast, death for head trauma was more common among donors for patients who did not develop PGF (P = .02). In-hospital mortality was 13% (7/54); 71% of these deceased patients displayed PGF (5/7). Upon multivariate analysis, preharvest high donor inotropic support was the strongest determinant of PGF (P = .01, odds ratio [OR] = 7.5). Donor death due to head trauma showed a protective effect against PGF (P = .03, OR = 0.1). Conclusion PGF remains a lethal perioperative complication despite modern tools for prompt cardiac mechanical assistance. As a result of the organ shortage, many centers accept marginal hearts assuming that donor hemodynamic management shows a reduced impact on PGF. We suggest a timely evaluation of the hazards for PGF whenever high inotropic support is used, especially among donors dying for causes other than head trauma.
Parts per Billion-Level H2S Detection at Room Temperature Based on Self-Assembled In2O3 Nanoparticles

Homogenous In2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters in the range of 6−10 nm were synthesized via a chemical solution method, and nanoparticles were assembled on Si substrate for H2S detection. The sensor demonstrates ultrahigh sensitivity to H2S to part per billion (ppb) levels at room temperature. Different sensor parameters were then investigated in terms of electrode gap, In2O3 NP film thickness, and surface modification by noble metals. It was found that sensitivity was slightly improved by reducing the electrode gap or increasing NP film thickness. However, sensitivity was dramatically enhanced (from 20 ppm to 20 ppb) after surface modification with 0.3 nm Au deposition. In addition, the sensor also shows a certain selective detection to H2S in comparison with other gases such as CO and NO2.
The future application of the robotic arm (Automatic Endoscopic System for Optimal Positioning or AESOP) with voice recognition in sinus endoscopic surgery

Abstract We employed the robotic arm (AESOP) with voice recognition (VR) in some cases of endoscopic sinus surgery. The AESOP replaces the surgical assistant by holding and focusing the endoscopic lenses under the surgeon's direction via VR, thus allowing the surgeon use of both hands. The lenses are kept clean via a closed circuit system. The application of the AESOP with VR in sinus endoscopic sinus surgery is encouraging and yields no complications to date.
Hater Jesus: Blasphemous Humor and Numinous Awe: (An Antidote for) Hatred in Jesus' Name?

This article examines an Internet music video in which Jesus has an orgy with strippers, knocks out an old lady, steals her necklace, steals from a homeless man, and rolls a joint with a page torn from the Bible. We contend that the lack of online censorship enabled the producers of the Hater Jesus music video to ruthlessly mock Jesus in an original fashion in order to produce a subtle critique of the militarization of Christian youth. The novelty of the representation of Jesus in this case has to do with the fact that while Jesus has often been joked about in popular media, he has rarely been seen. Moreover, when he has appeared, Jesus has usually been portrayed as an effeminate weakling. Hater Jesus, on the other hand, presents us with a thoroughly punk rock version of Jesus—a smirking, nihilistic menace to society.
Detection of one’s own spontaneous GSRs

Detection of spontaneous GSRs was studied as a function of prior feedback training and size of GSR. The study was designed and analyzed within the framework of the theory of signal detectability. Approximately half of the 57 Ss received GSR feedback training. During the detection period, all Ss heard a low buzz approximately every 30 sec, and they indicated whether or not they thought that they had just made a GSR. They had in approximately half the trials. The results indicated that the particular feedback training used had a small positive effect on detection and that trained Ss could more easily detect their large GSRs.
Bibliographic Relationships, Citation Relationships, Relevance Relationships, and Bibliographic Classification: An Integrative View

In the interests both of theoretical consistency and of practical potential, it is suggested that citation relationships and relevance relationships of certain kinds --ordinarily considered separately from (topic-oriented) bibliographic classification in general, and from bibliographic relationships in particular --would more profitably be treated by the classification-research community as (in Tillett's terminology) shared-characteristic relationships. On this basis, designers of library catalogs should work to offer users the opportunity to exploit, in an integrated manner, all sources of evidence of document relatedness.
Safeguarding critical transportation infrastructure: The US case

This paper analyzes the state of critical transportation infrastructure in the US, its relationship to security, and how the lack of an updated national policy to resolve the serious weaknesses of the transportation infrastructure negatively impact security. The difficulties in safeguarding transportation networks are identified along with the degree to which changes enacted since 9/11 regarding intelligence and administration, notably the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security, have led to increased security. However, these efforts, however successful, must be supplemented by a decision-making approach that goes beyond prevention and recognizes the importance of resiliency and such subsidiary concepts as robustness and redundancy.
Optimization and parallelization of the thermal–hydraulic subchannel code CTF for high-fidelity multi-physics applications

Abstract This paper describes major improvements to the computational infrastructure of the CTF subchannel code so that full-core, pincell-resolved (i.e., one computational subchannel per real bundle flow channel) simulations can now be performed in much shorter run-times, either in stand-alone mode or as part of coupled-code multi-physics calculations. These improvements support the goals of the Department Of Energy Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) Energy Innovation Hub to develop high fidelity multi-physics simulation tools for nuclear energy design and analysis. A set of serial code optimizations—including fixing computational inefficiencies, optimizing the numerical approach, and making smarter data storage choices—are first described and shown to reduce both execution time and memory usage by about a factor of ten. Next, a “single program multiple data” parallelization strategy targeting distributed memory “multiple instruction multiple data” platforms utilizing domain decomposition is presented. In this approach, data communication between processors is accomplished by inserting standard Message-Passing Interface (MPI) calls at strategic points in the code. The domain decomposition approach implemented assigns one MPI process to each fuel assembly, with each domain being represented by its own CTF input file. The creation of CTF input files, both for serial and parallel runs, is also fully automated through use of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) pre-processor utility that uses a greatly simplified set of user input compared with the traditional CTF input. To run CTF in parallel, two additional libraries are currently needed: MPI, for inter-processor message passing, and the Parallel Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation (PETSc), which is used to solve the global pressure matrix in parallel. Results presented include a set of testing and verification calculations and performance tests assessing parallel scaling characteristics up to a full-core, pincell-resolved model of a PWR core containing 193 17 × 17 assemblies under hot full-power conditions. This model, representative of Watts Bar Unit 1 and containing about 56,000 pins, was modeled with roughly 59,000 subchannels, leading to about 2.8 million thermal–hydraulic control volumes in total. Results demonstrate that CTF can now perform full-core analysis of a PWR (not previously possible owing to excessively long runtimes and memory requirements) on the order of 20 min. This new capability not only is useful to stand-alone CTF users, but also is being leveraged in support of coupled code multi-physics calculations being done in the CASL program.
Materialism and the future of aging in America.

In Growing Old in America, David Fischer argues that colonial America witnessed a sudden and revolutionary shift in social attitude from gerontophilia to gerontophobia. It is argued here that the shift can be explained as the necessary result of an emerging materialism which came to dominate mercantile America. It is shown how philosophical materialism requires an attitude of denigration toward aging and the elderly, and that the future of our collective attitude toward the elderly is wedded philosophically to the future success or failure of philosophical materialism. It is also suggested that the future of materialism in America looks dim and that there will emerge a strong philosophical base adequate for reforming ethical attitudes and engendering a much more favorable attitude toward the elderly in general. It is suggested that positive or negative attitudes toward aging and the elderly are rooted in unconscious commitments to non-materialistic (dualistic) or materialistic views on the nature of man. ...
The use of mechanical alloying for the preparation of palladized magnesium bimetallic particles for the remediation of PCBs.

Abstract The kinetic rate of dechlorination of a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB-151) by mechanically alloyed Mg/Pd was studied for optimization of the bimetallic system. Bimetal production was first carried out in a small-scale environment using a SPEX 8000M high-energy ball mill with 4-μm-magnesium and palladium impregnated on graphite, with optimized parameters including milling time and Pd-loading. A 5.57-g sample of bimetal containing 0.1257% Pd and ball milled for 3 min resulted in a degradation rate of 0.00176 min−1 g−1 catalyst as the most reactive bimetal. The process was then scaled-up, using a Red Devil 5400 Twin-Arm Paint Shaker, fitted with custom plates to hold milling canisters. Optimization parameters tested included milling time, number of ball bearings used, Pd-loading, and total bimetal mass milled. An 85-g sample of bimetal containing 0.1059% Pd and ball-milled for 23 min with 16 ball bearings yielded the most reactive bimetal with a degradation rate of 0.00122 min−1 g−1 catalyst. Further testing showed adsorption did not hinder extraction efficiency and that dechlorination products were only seen when using the bimetallic system, as opposed to any of its single components. The bimetallic system was also tested for its ability to degrade a second PCB congener, PCB-45, and a PCB mixture (Arochlor 1254); both contaminants were seen to degrade successfully.
Twice-daily fractionation schemes for advanced head and neck cancer

Abstract Eighty-five patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with twice-a-day fractionation schedules between April 1972 and December 1980. Two types of treatment were distinguished: hyperfractionation, by which 65 patients (Group 1) were treated at a weekly dose rate of 1100 to 1200 rad (10 fractions of 110 to 120 rad) in 5 to 612 weeks for either advanced primary disease (Group IA) and/or advanced neck metastases (Group 1B); and accelerated treatment, used to treat 20 patients (Group 2) who had fast-growing and usually massive neck nodes, at a weekly dose rate of 1300 to 1500 rad in 7 to 10 fractions, to a total dose of 6100 to 8000 rad in 4 to 6 weeks. The radiation portals for patients in Group 2 excluded the mucosa of mouth and throat for part of the treatment. The local control rate at 1 year in Groups 1A and 1B was 41 and 54%, respectively; the incidence of complications was 17%, 5% of them fatal. The local control rate in Group 2 was 80%. Seven patients in this group underwent a neck dissection 6 to 8 weeks following irradiation. Four specimens were negative for tumor. In two, only necrotic tumor cells were identified, and in one specimen morphologically intact tumor cells were seen. There were no fatal complications.
Program for Cooperative Cataloging: The Indiana Experience

This article provides a historical overview of Indiana University Libraries’ participation in all four components of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC). Additional topics include the rationale behind Indiana's commitment to the Program and the benefits derived from PCC membership. The article concludes that PCC participants are uniquely positioned to play an effective role in meeting the challenges facing today's academic libraries.
Multimedia information caching for personalized video-on-demand

The synergy between computing and information systems promises to herald a new epoch in which users have access to an entirely new variety of entertainment services that are customized to suit their individual needs. In this paper, we explore the architectural considerations that underlie the efficient realization of personalized video-on-demand entertainment services over metropolitan area broadband networks. To deliver video programmes to users' homes at attractive costs, we present intelligent caching strategies that judiciously store media information at strategic locations in the network. For information caching in a metropolitan area network, we devise a simple, yet effective caching strategy that uses a Greedy heuristic to determine when, where and for how long programs must be cached, so as to minimize the cumulative storage and network costs borne by users. Preliminary simulations demonstrate that the Greedy caching strategy performs exceptionally, in most cases providing near-optimal solutions.