cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Case-control study of cervical cancer and gynecologic screening: A SEER-Medicare analysis ☆

Abstract Objective To determine the association between Pap smear and pelvic examination screenings and the development of invasive cervical cancer in a Medicare population using a matched case-control design. Methods Matched case-control data sets were constructed from the SEER-Medicare database that links the Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (SEER) cancer registry data and Medicare enrollment and claims data of subjects who received care between the years 1991 and 1999 aged 65years or older. The study identified 1267 cervical cancer cases. Controls ( N =10.137) were matched to cases representing up to eight matched controls (on age and registry geographic location) for a single case. The association between gynecologic screenings and the development of invasive cervical cancer was ascertained using conditional logistic regression analysis. Results Having had a Pap smear during the PIDP (pre-invasive detectable phase – 2 to 7years prior to diagnosis) was significantly negatively associated with the development of invasive cervical cancer (OR=0.64, 95% CI=0.53–0.78) which was reduced after taking into account the estimated prevalence of hysterectomy among controls (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.32–0.46). The negative association between Pap smear screenings and cervical cancer was strongest for squamous tumors (OR=0.48, 95% CI=0.37–0.61). Restricting the subjects to those 72 and over did not affect risk. Conclusions There is a reduction in risk for invasive cervical cancer when women over age 65 are screened. This suggests that cervical cancer screening in the aged population may be beneficial.
The Stranglophone: enhancing expressiveness in live electronic music

This paper describes the design and on-going development of an expressive gestural MIDI interface and how this could enhance live performance of electronic music.
CMZP — A New High Temperature Thermal Barrier Material

New (Ca1-x,Mgx)Zr4(PO4)6 ceramics in the ultra low expansion NZP family not only have near zero thermal expansion but also have thermal conductivities lower than those of conventional thermal barrier materials such as ZrO2. In addition, CMZP is less dense than ZrO2 with a theoretical density of approximately 3.2 gm/cm3 versus 5.8 gm/cm3. Techniques have been developed to fabricate lightweight ceramics with both open and closed pore structures with relative densities ranging from 0.2 to 0.8. The tensile, compressive, and flexure strengths are shown to compare favorably with those of ZrO2. Furthermore, no strength loss following air quenching from temperatures up to 1500°C was observed indicative of good thermal shock resistance.
Ligand-induced magnetic changes in metal thin films

We employ the planar Hall effect to sensitively probe the in-plane magnetization of a ferromagnetic thin film using a nearly perpendicular applied field. We establish that a significant change in coercivity occurs upon exposure to a wide variety of ligands, regardless of whether the film is capped with a diamagnetic overlayer or not. In the overlayer case, we believe that the change is due to a modified magnetic response of the diamagnetic capping metal. The size of the shift varies with ligand hardness, alkane chain length, magnetic sensor layer material, nonmagnetic overlayer material, and the thickness of each metal layer. The effect continues to be observable for thicknesses of at least 100 nm of Au deposited on 30 nm of Co. Au overlayers are shown to be more sensitive than Cu and Ag, both of which display shifts statistically indistinguishable from zero. Moreover, Au surfaces exposed to 1-dodecylthiol exhibit a larger effect than the same surface exposed to ethanol, the ligand with the greatest ligand strength examined. We demonstrate that the source of the effect is not magnetic contamination.
An Ethnomathematics Course and a First-Year Seminar on the Mathematics of the Pre-Columbian Americas

As mathematicians know—but, unfortunately, many students don’t—mathematics can be both fun and culturally relevant. One way to reach more students is to teach ethnomathematics, i.e., mathematical thinking found among such non-Western peoples as the Maasai of Kenya and Tanzania, and the ancient Maya. This chapter describes, and provides a rationale for, two different courses in ethnomathematics: an undergraduate ethnomathematics course for non-STEM students, and a first-year seminar on the mathematics of pre-Columbian Americans. Also included are aspects of the development and structure of the courses, examples of ethnomathematics topics, and lists of projects. Feedback from students, alumni, and colleagues regarding the value of such courses is provided.
Measurement of Cough Aerodynamics in Healthy Adults.

Importance:Cough is a critical human reflex and also among the most frequent symptoms in medicine. Despite the prevalence of disordered cough in laryngeal pathologies, comprehensive and quantitative evaluation of cough in these patients is lacking.Objective:Herein we seek to establish normative values for cough aerodynamics to provide a population standard for reference in future studies.Design, Setting, and Participants:Healthy subjects were recruited from an outpatient clinic to perform voluntary cough. Subjects were instructed on the technique for maximal voluntary cough production with measurements recorded on pneumotachograph. Fifty-two subjects were studied, including 29 women and 23 men with a mean age of 51.6 and 52.3 years, respectively.Main Outcomes and Measures:Cough peak airflow, peak pressure, and expiratory rise time. Results were stratified by age, gender, and height.Results:Peak airflow demonstrated significant differences across age, gender, and height, with flow increasing according to i...
Bringing innovation theory to practice in a program model for collaborative knowledge building: The Curriculum Fellows Program

We share a transferable program model that applies innovation theory to partnership-centered civic engagement hosted and facilitated by an institution of post-secondary education. To address the issue of college readiness, our model created multiple 3-person, cross-sector teams operating with a shared mission and multiple points of contact over the course of a year to prepare classroom-ready curriculum units for area high schools. Teams were comprised of a high school teacher, a college faculty member, and a college student. The cross-sector team model disrupts traditional hierarchies, promotes creativity, and invites multiple actors to draw upon their resources of knowledge and influence to grow, and help others grow, while achieving common goals. In this essay, we present the theory behind our program model; the context from which our program emerged; and details about our practice, including the structure, implementation, and assessment of the program. We conclude with framing questions that invite readers to explore the transferability of the model to other challenges in which partnerships might advance collaborative engagement in their community or organizational context.
Systemic Toxicity of Smokeless Tobacco Products in Mice.

Introduction Smokeless tobacco products such as snuff and snus are used worldwide. However, little is known about the systemic and cardiovascular toxicity of smokeless tobacco exposure. Methods Biomarkers of endothelial activation and injury, immune functions, platelet activation and insulin resistance were measured in 8-week old male C57BL/6 mice exposed to commercial snuff, CRP-2 reference snuff, commercial snus, CRP-1 reference snus, and nicotine in drinking water (100 µg/mL) for 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Results Twenty-four weeks of exposure to smokeless tobacco products or nicotine significantly decreased the levels of circulating Flk+/Sca+ endothelial progenitor cells. Twelve and 24 weeks of exposure to all the smokeless tobacco products and nicotine significantly decreased the levels of circulating CD19+ B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD11b+ monocytes, whereas 4 weeks of exposure to Camel snus and Copenhagen snuff significantly depleted the levels of peripheral blood CD19+ B cells and CD11b+ monocytes. Twenty-four weeks of exposure to smokeless tobacco products or nicotine significantly decreased plasma IFNγ levels. However, plasma TNFα levels were significantly increased in mice exposed to Copenhagen snuff or nicotine for 24 weeks. This was accompanied by a five to sevenfold increase in the hepatic expression of TNFα. Neither smokeless products nor nicotine affected plasma lipoproteins, platelet activation, or systemic insulin sensitivity. Conclusions Chronic exposure to snuff and snus suppresses circulating levels of EPCs, endothelial microparticles and immune cells, but increases plasma TNF-α levels. These effects of smokeless tobacco products are attributable, at least in part, to nicotine. Implications Exposure to smokeless tobacco products results in the depletion of endothelial progenitor cells, which may impair the endothelium repair. Suppression of the circulating levels of immune cells upon exposure to smokeless tobacco products may increase the susceptibility to secondary infection. Increased formation of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα by nicotine or Copenhagen snuff may lead to vascular inflammation and thereby exacerbate atherogenesis.
Exploring the Role of YouTube in Disseminating Psychoeducation

Social media can bridge the gap between health care and ethnic minorities over cultural barriers. This study explores the role of YouTube in delivering schizophrenia education to individuals in the USA who are also fluent in Chinese. Three psychoeducational YouTube videos related to schizophrenia were uploaded. Data were collected for a 12-month period, and results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The videos recorded 4935 views with a total viewing time of 35,614 min. The first-episode psychosis video had the most number of views and shares, and the longest total watch time and average view duration. The targeted age group (< 34 years old) comprised about half of the total views and had a 14.4% longer average view duration compared to the overall average. YouTube is a useful tool that delivers schizophrenia education to Chinese-speaking individuals in the USA. It may also help alleviate the negative stigma regarding schizophrenia and other mental health issues.
Occupancy modeling reveals territory-level effects of nest boxes on the presence, colonization, and persistence of a declining raptor in a fruit-growing region.

Nest boxes for predators in agricultural regions are an easily implemented tool to improve local habitat quality with potential benefits for both conservation and agriculture. The potential for nest boxes to increase raptor populations in agricultural regions is of particular interest given their positions as top predators. This study examined the effects of cherry orchard nest boxes on the local breeding population of a declining species, the American Kestrel (Falco sparverius), in a fruit-growing region of Michigan. During the 2013–2016 study, we added a total of 23 new nest boxes in addition to 24 intact boxes installed previously; kestrels used up to 100% of our new boxes each season. We conducted temporally-replicated surveys along four roadside transects divided into 1.6 km × 500 m sites. We developed a multi-season occupancy model under a Bayesian framework and found that nest boxes had strong positive effects on first-year site occupancy, site colonization, and site persistence probabilities. The estimated number of occupied sites increased between 2013 and 2016, which correlated with the increase in number of sites with boxes. Kestrel detections decreased with survey date but were not affected by time of day or activity at the boxes themselves. These results indicate that nest boxes determined the presence of kestrels at our study sites and support the conclusion that the local kestrel population is likely limited by nest site availability. Furthermore, our results are highly relevant to the farmers on whose properties the boxes were installed, for we can conclude that installing a nest box in an orchard resulted in a high probability of kestrels occupying that orchard or the areas adjacent to it.
Subterranean Rodents as Pests: The Case of the Pocket Gopher

With over 2000 species, the order Rodentia has more members than any otherorderofmammals (Nowak1999).Thedistributionof rodents isnearly worldwide; their use of habitats is extensive and varied.Most rodent species are relatively small, secretive, prolific, and all have continuously growing incisors. Many rodent species have ecological, scientific, cultural, and/or economic importance. A variety of economic and health problems result from rodent interactions with humans. These include damage to growing crops, trees, seeds, pastures; damage and contamination of stored foods; damage to structures and property; and disease transmission (Witmer et al. 1995a). Singleton et al. (2003) estimated that in Asia alone, the amount of grain eaten by rodents would provide enough food to feed 200 million Asians for a year. Notably, few (perhaps 5%) rodent species around the world are serious pests. Examples of genera and species of rodents considered to be serious pests around the world were provided by Prakash (1988) and Witmer et al. (1995a). Hence, when a damage situation occurs, it is very important to determine the species causing the damage, the extent of the damage, and the abiotic-biotic-cultural factors involved before rodent population and damage management strategies are implemented (Singleton et al. 1999). We use the North American subterranean rodents, pocket gophers, to illustrate the nature of rodent pests, the types and extent of damages, and the management measures used to reduce populations and damage.
The Impact of Parental Divorce: The Relationship Between Social Support and Confidence Levels in Young Adults

Parental divorce is a life transition that affects a substantial number of children each year. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and confidence le...
Multivariable Analysis: Assumptions of multiple linear regression, multiple logistic regression, and proportional hazards analysis

What are the assumptions of multiple linear regression, multiple logistic regression, and proportional hazards analysis? As shown in Table 5.1, the assumptions underlying the three multivariable models differ somewhat with respect to what is being modeled, the relationship of multiple independent variables to outcome, the relationship of an interval-independent variable to the outcome, the distribution of the outcome variable, and the variance of the outcome variable. These assumptions are explained in this chapter. Proportional hazards analysis has two additional assumptions with regard to censored observations and relative hazards over time (referred to as the proportionality assumption). These are dealt with in Sections 5.9 and 10.10, respectively. What is being modeled in multiple linear regression, multiple logistic regression, and proportional hazards analysis? In multiple linear regression, as the independent variable increases (or decreases) the mean or expected value of the outcome increases (or decreases) in a linear fashion. Many clinical situations fit this linear assumption. For example, Figure 5.1 shows the relationship between B 12 levels and pneumococcal antibody levels following receipt of pneumococcal vaccination among elderly persons. Each square represents an observation (a person) and their vitamin B 12 level (the independent variable), and their antibody titer after vaccine (the dependent variable). Although arbitrary, the convention is to show the independent variable on the x -axis and the dependent variable on the y -axis.
A Continuous In-Line Monitor for UF6 Enrichment

AbstractA system has been developed to measure continuously the 235U and 234U enrichment in the UF6 product of a gaseous diffusion plant. The measurements are made on liquid UF6 prior to withdrawal into product cylinders. The 235U enrichment is measured to a relative accuracy of 0.5% at two sigma by counting the 185.7-keV gamma ray from 235U with an NaI detector. The 234U enrichment is measured with a neutron detector counting (α,n) neutrons from UF6. The neutron system can measure either 234 U enrichment directly or 235 U enrichment indirectly (for low-enriched uranium, 2 to 5% 235U, the two enrichments are nearly proportional). The accuracy of the neutron measurement is 2.5% at two sigma. The gamma and neutron measurements are independent and could be used singly if only one isotope were desired. Both are required to measure 235 U and 234 U enrichment. The system is presently installed at the Goodyear Atomic Corporation gaseous diffusion plant in Piketon, Ohio.
A Theoretical Analysis and Its Application to Training the Mentally Retarded

Publisher Summary This chapter presents a theory and attempts to apply its principles to the problem of training people who are mentally retarded. The chapter discusses the deficits and processes peculiar to the retardate. The chapter focuses on the techniques that have been used for educating or training the retarded. The general theory discussed in the chapter avoids the use of hypothetical concepts or intervening variables and depends on a continual, detailed analysis of stimulus and response for the explanation and prediction of behavior. The main abstract concepts employed are stimulus (S) and response (R) and the relationship between them—that is, response tendency (S–R). The chapter discusses the variables that facilitate the establishment or strengthening of a relatively permanent response tendency.
Hollow Fiber-Entrapped Liver Microsomes: A Potential Extracorporeal Drug Detoxifier

We are attempting to develop an extracorporeal hollow fiber drug detoxifier (EDD) based on the NADPH-dependent, multienzyme, drug hydroxylation complex present in liver endoplasmic reticulum and isolatable in particulate form as microsomes (MS). In addition to its potential use as an EDD this system serves as a model for the use of membrane-bound, cofactor-requiring, multienzyme complexes in industrial as well as medical applications. This work also may contribute toward the development of liver assist devices as well as provide for production of drug metabolites for subsequent therapeutic screening.
Pediatric Maxillofacial Conditions and Drugs

Systemic and local conditions involving the craniofacial skeleton are uncommon. Given similarities between pathologic entities, diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Surgical and/or pharmacologic management during skeletal growth affects treatment decisions. In this chapter, we will discuss several maxillofacial bony conditions, their presentation, and management. We will also discuss therapeutic options with associated risks and benefits.
Fatal adverse events associated with pembrolizumab in cancer patients: A meta-analysis.

2561Background: Pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) against programmed cell death-1(PD-1) protein has emerged as an effective treatment for many cancers. Although better tolerated t...
Gold-Nanoparticle-Embedded Poly( N ‑isopropylacrylamide) Microparticles for Selective Quasi-HomogeneousCatalytic Homocoupling Reactions

Composite particles derived from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and nanoscale gold exhibit an extremely high reactivity and selectivity in C–C bond-forming reactions. The light-induced reduction of go...
Steerable Spiral Slot Reflectarray at 66 GHz Using Micromachined Movable Silicon Slab

A reconfigurable reflectarray element operating in the V-band (50-75 GHz) is proposed in this paper. The element consists of a previously designed metal-only element made of varying slot sizes. The design was able to achieve 360o of phase coverage by a change in length of the element’s L-shaped slots. In this work, the L-slots slots are fixed while a deeply etched silicon structure slab is used to tune the reflected phase. The slab moves between the L-shape slots at points where the element’s electric field is at its maximum. This architecture results in 328o of phase coverage with a maximum loss of 0.9 dB at 66 GHz.
From Regulations to Practice: Achieving Information Security Compliance in Healthcare

Access to healthcare is not a new issue, but it has been only in the last few years that it has gained significant traction with the federal government passing a number of laws to greatly enhance the exchange of medical information between all relevant parties: patients, providers, and payers. This research focuses specifically on these issues by examining industry compliance to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, electronic health record adoption, and the federal Meaningful Use program; all from the healthcare provider's perspective. While many plans have been made, guidelines created, and national strategies forged, there are significant gaps in how actual technology will be applied to achieve these goals. The goal of this research is to bridge the gap from regulation to practice in a number of key technological areas of healthcare information security. Using standardized frameworks, this research proposes how accessibility, efficiency, and integrity in healthcare information security can be improved.
Carotid Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia

This chapter provides a comprehensive review of carotid artery fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), an idiopathic, segmental, non-inflammatory, non-atherosclerotic vasculopathy characteristically seen in the mid- or distal segments of the internal carotid artery and often diagnosed with non-invasive vascular imaging. Although the etiological risk factors associated with carotid FMD remain largely unclear, recent genomics studies confirm shared associations with cervical artery dissection, migraine, and an inverse association with atherosclerotic disease. Despite a higher risk for carotid artery dissection and intracranial aneurysms, the overall natural history of carotid FMD is generally favorable and supports reassurance for patients in whom it is discovered incidentally. Management of migraine and pulsatile tinnitus can improve quality of life for symptomatic patients. Ongoing collaborative research and involvement in patient registries is needed to better understand the pathophysiology and optimal prevention and management of its cerebrovascular manifestations.
Investigating U.S. Preschool Teachers’ Math Teaching Knowledge in Counting and Numbers

Research Findings: The aim of this study was to investigate U.S. preschool teachers’ math teaching knowledge in a specific content domain: counting and numbers. One hundred in-service and pre-servi...
RBC-Derived Optical Nanoparticles Remain Stable After a Freeze-Thaw Cycle

Nanosized carriers engineered from red blood cells (RBCs) provide a means for delivering various cargos, including drugs, biologics, and imaging agents. We have engineered nanosized particles from RBCs, doped with the near-infrared (NIR) fluorochrome, indocyanine green (ICG). An important issue related to clinical translation of RBC-derived nanocarriers, including these NIR nanoparticles, is their stability postfabrication. Freezing may provide a method for long-term storage of these and other RBC-derived nanoparticles. Herein, we have investigated the physical and optical stability of these particles in response to a single freeze-thaw cycle. Nanoparticles were frozen to -20 °C, stored frozen for up to 8 weeks, and then thawed at room temperature. Our results show that the hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential, optical density, and NIR fluorescence emission of these nanoparticles are retained following the freeze-thaw cycle. The ability of these nanoparticles in NIR fluorescence imaging of ovarian cancer cells, as well as their biodistribution in reticuloendothelial organs of healthy Swiss Webster mice after the freeze-thaw cycle is similar to that for freshly prepared nanoparticles. These results indicate that a single cycle of freezing the RBC-derived nanoparticles to -20 °C followed by thawing at room temperature is an effective method to retain the physical and optical characteristics of the nanoparticles, and their interactions with biological systems without the need for use of cryoprotectants.
Multiplexing Robot Experiments: Theoretical Underpinnings, Conditions for Existence, and Demonstrations

Scores of papers show, given some robots, how to improve the useful work they perform. Continuing this line, we consider the efficiency of robot experiments by examining the feasibility of conducting several experiments simultaneously, interleaving execution and sharing resources between them. This paper lays theoretical groundwork for that concept and demonstrates its feasibility and utility.
Detection and Identification of Bacteria by Gas Chromatography

Ether extracts of cultures of 29 strains representing 6 species of Bacillus , and of individual strains of Escherichia coli, Aerobacter aerogenes , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were examined in a gas chromatograph by use of flame ionization and electron capture detectors. Among the products detected were compounds with the chromatographic characteristics of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, ethyl alcohol, diacetyl, acetoin, and 2,3-butanediol. The differences in peak areas of the various products formed by the bacteria were determined statistically for the chromatograms obtained with the two detectors, and the peaks were arranged in order of decreasing areas to yield a signature for each bacterial strain. Different signatures were obtained for the various genera and species and for strains of the same species. B. licheniformis, B. subtilis , and A. aerogenes formed significant quantities of a number of volatile compounds, and qualitative and quantitative differences between strains were noted. The electron capture detector was particularly sensitive to diacetyl and acetoin as well as to unknown compounds. By use of this detector, the presence of 5 pg of diacetyl and 20 pg of acetoin could be demonstrated. The quantity of acetoin detected in B. subtilis and B. licheniformis cultures was present in as little as 6.3 × 10 -3 μliters of medium. Images
The Evolutionary Thought of Teilhard de Chardin

It is only with considerable reluctance that I have accepted to present a summary of the evolutionary cosmogony of Teilhard de Chardin at this Colloquium. It appears hardly possible to condense in a few pages a system of ideas which attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the history of the universe and of the place of man in the scheme of things. The difficulty arises not only from the wide scope of Teilhard’s undertaking but particularly from the individual characteristics of his writings. Teilhard’s language is in fact largely poetic rather than philosophical or scientific; he frequently introduces neologisms and uses other terms with a different meaning than is commonly attributed to them. Teilhard is at times inconsistent—words are employed in different contexts with disparate meanings, not always specified. Finally, he freely uses poetic metaphors and analogies that are sometimes placed in contexts which represent them as proofs, and often extended beyond their original application.
Photoionization of Atoms Encaged in Spherical Fullerenes

Abstract Two semiempirical models for the photoionization of atoms A encaged in spherical single-walled fullerenes, both neutral C n ( n = 60 , 240 and 540) and charged C 60 ± | z | , as well as in multiwalled fullerenes, termed fullerene onions, C 60 @C 240 and C 60 @C 240 @C 540 are detailed. The models are based on the approximation of a carbon cage C n by a spherical attractive potential well of an adjustable radius R n , thickness Δ and depth U n 0 . The first model, termed Δ -potential model, accounts for the finite thickness Δ of the cage. The second model, termed δ -potential model, simulates the cage with the help of the Dirac δ -potential, thereby viewing the cage as being infinitesimally thin. A side by a side comparison of results obtained within the two models is performed. The models’ predictabilities are evaluated. Predicted trends in the modification of photoionization spectra of encaged atoms as well as electron correlation and relativistic effects in the atoms, compared to the free atoms, obtained both at the independent particle (Hartree-Fock and Dirac Hartree-Fock) and multiparticle nonrelativistic random phase approximation with exchange (RPAE) and relativistic random phase approximation (RRPA) approximation levels, are reviewed.
Treasure trove for cholera research.

The genome sequence of the bug that causes cholera,Vibrio cholerae , is now published. The sequence will form a basis for studies of the evolution and pathogenicity of this bacterium, and may also aid in the development of new vaccines and medicines.
Extreme uv spectroheliometer on the Apollo Telescope Mount.

The extreme UV spectroheliometer flown on ATM observed within the 280-1340 A spectral range at seven wavelengths simultaneously, with a spatial resolution element 5 x 5 sq arcsec field of view in 5.5 min. The instrument could also obtain spectral scans over the same wavelength range with a spectral resolution of 1.6 A in 3.8 min. The instrument is described in detail with attention given to the telescope, the spectrometer, and the detection system.
Anurofauna de uma área do domínio da Mata Atlântica no Sul do Brasil. Morro do Coco, Viamão, RS

Brazil has the greatest number of amphibians than any other country in the world, with 946 species, 913 of which are anurans. Despite the high diversity of amphibians in Brazil, information about species richness and their natural history from several localities are still scarce. So, we aimed to contribute to the knowledge of anurans in an area from the Atlantic Forest Domain in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre. The study took place from February 2009 to June 2010, with monthly expeditions. Twenty three anurans species distributed in six families were record­ed. Therefore, we registered in Morro do Coco 25% of anurans from state of Rio Grande do Sul.
On Remaining Minor in Modernisms: The Future of Women’s Literature

This essay revisits the idea of the ‘minor’, as manifested in the origins of women’s studies, in the newer contexts of globalization, and presents a potential future for it within modernist studies. This idea has represented identity in genealogies of activism and in the history of scholarship on women’s literature. Now, it may be read as also representing a position and a strategy that interrupt hegemonic forces in the field. This interruption allows the juxtaposition of the well-known with the lesser-known as well as different formations of the minoritized to enable new forms of modernist studies.
Safety of temporary and permanent suspension of antiplatelet therapy after drug eluting stent implantation in contemporary "real-world" practice.

Objectives To define the incidence of stent thrombosis (ST) and/or AMI (ST/AMI) associated with temporary or permanent suspension of dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) after coronary drug eluting stent (DES) implantation in ‘real-world’ patients, and additional factors influencing these events.
Calbindin-D28k in nerve cell nuclei

Calbindin-D28k is a member of the large EF-hand family of calcium-binding proteins, that is believed to function, in part as a cytosolic calcium buffer. Recent studies have demonstrated that cells containing Calbindin-D28k are protected from degeneration caused by conditions that elevate intracellular calcium concentrations. Since its initial discovery in 1966, Calbindin-D28k has been localized in the cytoplasm of many neuronal populations, but its nuclear localization has been uncertain. Using light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry, and nuclear fractionation methods, we demonstrate localization of Calbindin-D28k not only in the cytoplasm, but also in the nucleus of rodent midbrain dopaminergic neurons and cerebellar Purkinje cells. The Calbindin-D28k immunoreactive staining intensity in the nucleus was routinely equal or greater than that in the cytoplasm. Since calcium signals are propagated to the nucleus, where they can regulate gene expression, the existence of nuclear Calbindin-D28k has important implications for cellular function.
Ventricular fibrillation induced by low-energy shocks from programmable implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract Many of the newest implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) provide the option of programmable low-energy cardioversion for monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT). Whereas these devices may provide less myocardial damage and increased comfort in patients receiving frequent shocks for VT, the proarrhythmic effects of low-energy cardioversion from ICDs in patients with structural heart disease are not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine prospectively the per-patient incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) induction after low-energy cardioversion of VT by ICDs in patients with coronary artery disease. The estimated cardioversion energy requirement was determined during the course of routine predischarge ICD testing in 40 patients with newly implanted ICDs. Two groups of patients were identified during determination of the cardioversion energy requirement: (1) a non-VF group consisting of 26 of 40 patients (65%) without VF induced by low-energy shock and, (2) a VF group consisting of 14 of 40 patients (35%) who developed VF during low-energy cardioversion. There was no difference between the 2 groups in terms of patient age, sex, concurrent antiarrhythmic drug therapy, VT cycle length, or type of ICD system implanted. Compared with the non-VF group, the VF group was more likely to have both a lower ejection fraction (25 ± 5% vs 33 ± 8%; p = 0.005) and a cardioversion energy requirement >2 J (79 vs 27%; p = 0.005). Our results suggest that low-energy cardioversion is associated with a high per-patient risk of VF induction, and the risk is higher in patients with poorer left ventricular function and, possibly, higher cardioversion energy requirement. These results suggest that caution should be exercised in programming low-energy cardioversion for VT in patients with high-cardioversion energy requirement and poor ventricular function.
An analysis of the distribution and dose response of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes after in vitro exposure to 137Cesium gamma radiation.

The chromosome aberration yield for human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to various doses of137Cesium has been studied. Dicentric, total acentric, and excess acentric data were seen to follow a Possion distribution. Calculated total hits demonstrated over-dispersion which could possibly be accounted for by a greater occurrence of single-hit phenomena being repaired than two-hit exchange processes. The resulting distribution generally contained an under-representation of cells with odd numbers of hits and an over-representation of zero- and even-hit classes as compared with Poisson predicted values. The relationship between dicentric yield and dose received in rads was fitted to the linear-quadratic formulaY =αD +βD2 for dicentrics, yielding values of (20.1 ± 3.8) × 10−4 (aberrations/cell)/rad and (1.89 ± 0.75) × 10−6 (aberrations/cell)/rad2 forα andβ respectively. A plot of percent ‘normal’ cells versus the dose in rads resembled cell survival curves and was fitted to the relationP(D) = 100 e−Y whereY =αD +βD2 withα = (23 ± 11) × 10−4 rad−1 andβ = (8.3 ± 2.5) × 10−6 rad−2. A possible use of scoring ‘normal’ cells for purposes of biological dosimetry is presented.
A Comparative Survey on Cryptology-Based Methodologies

Security is an important issue related to the storage and communication of data and information. In data and information security, cryptography and steganography are two of the most common security techniques. On one hand, there is cryptography, which is the secret communication between two parties by message scrambling on the sender's side and message unscrambling on the receiver's side so that only the intended receiver gets the secret message. Cryptography and cryptanalysis constitute cryptology or crypto while steganography and steganalysis make up steganology or stegano. This paper presents a comparative survey of various cryptology and steganology techniques by analyzing and comparing different methodologies using a set of predefined parameters. It also offers to the reader valuable knowledge on the state of the art techniques used on cryptanalysis.
Immediate Effects of Waterbed Flotation on Approach and Avoidance Behaviors of Premature Infants

This study was designed to determine the immediate effects of waterbed flotation on approach and avoidance movements in premature infants. Twenty-two premature infants free of major medical complications were randomly assigned to experimental (n=11) or control (n=11) groups. After each of five consecutive gavage feedings, each uinfant in the experimental group was placed for 30 minutes on a Medpro Neo-Float Neonatal Flotation Systems with oscillating dual frequency rhythmic wave stimulator. Control group infants were placed on standard isolette mattresses. Differences between groups were highly significant on five of six behaviors observed, with the occurrence of hand-to-mouth greater and the frequencies of grimace, startle, trunkal arch, and salute behaviors less in the experimental group than in the control group. No significant differences were noted on finger splaying. These results have possible implication both for the routine use of waterbeds in intensive care nurseries and for the specialized use ...
Statistical Relations in a Perfect Gas

Abstract The fect that departures from average density, pressure and temperature in the atmosphere are very small compared to their average values makes it possible to use a perturbation form of the equation of state to construct algebraic relations among statistics involving these quantities. It is shown how these relations can simplify statistical computations. In particular, where density is one parameter concerned, it is not necessary to compute density from pressure and temperature for each observation. The statistical parameters on temperature and pressure (the quantities always available) and the derived algebraic relations permit the determination of the statistics involving density.
On positioning via distributed matrix completion

The basic question in matrix completion is to infer a large low-rank matrix from a small subset of its entries. Positioning refers to the task of inferring the locations of n points from a subset of their distance. It turns out that positioning can be viewed as a matrix completion problem, although of a peculiar type. This paper discusses the applicability of distributed matrix completion algorithms to the positioning problem.
Multidimensional Generalized Sampling Theorem for wavelet Based Image Superresolution

The multidimensional generalized sampling theorem (GST) developed here provides a theoretical framework for wavelet based image superresolution, a topic of interest to the signal and image processing community during the last few years.
Microstructural investigation of the effects of oxygen exposure on NARloy-Z

Abstract NARloy-Z is a Cu-base alloy used to fabricate the liner of the main combustion chamber (MCC) for the space shuttle main engine (SSME). This study was undertaken to assess the effects of unusual or transient conditions (i.e., high temperature and exposure to high levels of oxygen) on the robustness of the MCC design, providing a data base to better quantify environmental conditions. The results indicated that, upon exposure to severe environmental conditions, wrought NARloy-Z develops extensive microstructural variations which will reduce the service life of an MCC. Oxygen diffusion into the material closely followed predictions based on theoretical considerations. Above 760 °C, the presence of oxygen dissociates Cu(AgZr) intermetallics, forms ZrO2, and embrittles the alloy. Above 593 °C, Ag precipitates coarsen in the matrix, becoming incoherent and degrading material strength.
Maternal poly I:C exposure during pregnancy regulates TNFα, BDNF, and NGF expression in neonatal brain and the maternal–fetal unit of the rat

Abstract Maternal infection during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Polyriboinosinic–polyribocytidilic acid (poly I:C) or saline was administered to rats to model maternal infection; levels of TNFα, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) were determined by ELISA. TNFα was significantly increased in maternal plasma, placenta, and amniotic fluid, while it was significantly decreased in fetal liver/spleen and neonatal brain. NGF and BDNF were significantly decreased in the placenta and fetal liver/spleen. There was no change in BDNF or NGF in the fetal or neonatal brain. Changes in TNFα, BDNF, and NGF after maternal exposure to poly I:C represent a potential mechanism through which maternal infection increases risk for neurodevelopmental disorders.
The empirical status of the clinical application of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

Abstract The published reports of the clinical application of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) are reviewed in terms of empirical validity. Case studies, single-subject experiments and group design experiments on clinical problems are evaluated for the effectiveness of the protocol, component effects, comparative effects and treatment fidelity. Classification of disorders and measurement issues are addressed. The protocol frequently reduces verbal report and independent observer ratings of distress — strikingly in some instances. Psychophysiologic measures show little effect of treatment. There is little empirical evidence to indicate the effect of treatment on motoric or behavioral indices. Eye movements do not appear to be an essential component of treatment, and there have been no substantial comparisons with other treatments. No studies have adequately controlled for nonspecific (placebo) effects of treatment. Suggestions are made for applying improved methodological controls for future applications of EMDR to clinical disorders.
Structure and dynamics of polymeric micelles in solution

Abstract The association properties of binary and ternary systems of the EPE and PEP (E and P refer to poly(oxyethylene) and poly(oxypropylene), respectively) polymeric surfactants in water and/or xylene were studied by using light scattering and small angle X-ray scattering. The ability of PEP to form micelles in water is greatly reduced when compared with that of EPE, thus demonstrating the profound influence of the triblock chain architecture. The anomalous scattering before the onset of micellization which has puzzled people for a long time is found to be associated with the copolymer composition heterogeneity. The addition of water to the EPE solution in xylene can induce the micelle formation with a transition from spherical to non-spherical shapes of the associated structures at high water content.
Relaxation of catch in a molluscan smooth muscle. I. Effects of drugs which act on the adenyl cyclase system.

Abstract 1. 1. A method is described which permits quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of drugs in relaxing prolonged catch contractions in the anterior byssus retractor muscle of Mytilus edulis L. 2. 2. At 10°C (or 15°C) adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate (referred to as cyclic AMP) and N 6 ,O 2 -dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dibutyryl cyclic AMP), 2'-adenosine monophosphate (2'-AMP) and adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) did not relax catch. At 5°C, cyclic AMP did not relax but dibutyryl cyclic AMP (5 × 10 −4 M) relaxed catch in some preparations. 3. 3. Theophylline (10 −2 M) relaxed catch and slightly increased relaxation by serotonin (5-HT). Sodium fluoride (10 −2 M) did not relax but first increased and then decreased relaxation by serotonin. These agents have been said to increase intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. 4. 4. Nicotinic acid, an agent which may decrease cyclic AMP levels, decreased relaxation by serotonin. 5. 5. Metabolic inhibitors such as sodium azide (10 −2 M) and sodium cyanide (10 −2 M) did not relax or affect relaxation by serotonin. 6. 6. Adrenergic blocking agents, both α. and β, were found to be without effect on serotonin relaxation of catch. Isoproterenol (10 −4 M), a β-adrenergic agent, relaxed weakly; adrenaline and noradrenaline (10 −4 M) relaxed more effectively, although less than serotonin. 7. 7. These pharmacological results do not strongly indicate a role of cyclic AMP but are generally consistent with the hypothesis that cyclic AMP may mediate relaxation of catch.
A Bayesian method for identifying independent sources of non-random spatial patterns

A Bayesian blind source separation (BSS) algorithm is proposed in this paper to recover independent sources from observed multivariate spatial patterns. As a widely used mechanism, Gaussian mixture model is adopted to represent the sources for statistical description and machine learning. In the context of linear latent variable BSS model, some conjugate priors are incorporated into the hyperparameters estimation of mixing matrix. The proposed algorithm then approximates the full posteriors over model structure and source parameters in an analytical manner based on variational Bayesian treatment. Experimental studies demonstrate that this Bayesian source separation algorithm is appropriate for systematic spatial pattern analysis by modeling arbitrary sources and identify their effects on high dimensional measurement data. The identified patterns will serve as diagnosis aids for gaining insight into the nature of physical process for the potential use of statistical quality control.
International Handbook of Globalization and World Cities. Edited by Ben Derudder, Michael Hoyler, Peter J. Taylor and Frank Witlox

A review of the book "International Handbook of Globalization & World Cities," edited by Ben Derudder, Michael Hoyler, Peter J. Taylor, and Frank Witlox is presented.
Context, Methods, Numbers, And Words: Prospect Theory in International Relations

In this article, recent attempts to apply prospect theory to the study of international relations are reviewed and evaluated. The review of this literature leads to a number of theoretical and methodological critiques that are highlighted by an experiment that demonstrates the difficulties inherent in attempting to transport this theory across disciplinary boundaries. Of special importance is the introduction of verbal probability expressions into the experimental design. The results of the experiment provide some support for prospect theory, but differences in the results obtained for different verbal probability sets indicate that decision theorists need to be more concerned with the manner in which probabilistic information is conveyed to (and discussed by) decision makers.
The effects of oxidation on the reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography characteristics of the high mobility groups 1 and 2 proteins

Abstract Ion-pair reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography is a quick and convenient method for obtaining essentially pure preparations of the HMG (high mobility group)-1 and HMG-2 proteins if dithiothreitol is added to the eluted HMG protein fractions to prevent oxidation and their subsequent altered migration on acid-urea polyacrylamide gels. Unexpectedly, we found that this chromatographic separation technique can resolve the oxidized and reduced forms of both HMG-1 and HMG-2 proteins. We show that oxidized HMG-1 and -2 protein subfractions are responsible for some, but by no means all, of the HMG-1 and -2 protein heterogeneity previously reported by Elton and Reeves (2). At least two different HMG-1 protein species (one major and one minor) and at least four different HMG-2 protein species (two major and two minor) are consistently found in fully reduced “enriched” HMG-1 and -2 pig thymus protein preparations.