cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Structural and functional features in human PDE5A1 regulatory domain that provide for allosteric cGMP binding, dimerization, and regulation

The cGMP-binding cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE5) contains a catalytic domain that hydrolyzes cGMP and a regulatory (R) domain that contains two GAFs (a and b; GAF is derived from the proteins mammalian cGMP-binding PDEs, Anabaena adenylyl cyclases, and Escherichia coli (FhlA)). The R domain binds cGMP allosterically, provides for dimerization, and is phosphorylated at a site regulated by allosteric cGMP binding. Quaternary structures and cGMP-binding properties of 10 human PDE5A1 constructs containing one or both GAFs were characterized. Results reveal that: 1) high affinity homo-dimerization occurs between GAF a modules (K(D) < 30 nM) and between GAF b modules (K(D) = 1-20 pM), and the sequence between the GAFs (Thr322-Asp403) contributes to dimer stability; 2) 176 amino acids (Val156-Gln331) in GAF a are adequate for cGMP binding; 3) GAF a has higher affinity for cGMP (K(D) < 40 nM) than does the isolated R domain (K(D) = 110 nM) or holoenzyme (K(D) = 200 nM), suggesting that the sequence containing GAF b and its flanking amino acids autoinhibits GAF a cGMP-binding affinity in intact R domain; 4) a mutant (Met1-Glu321) containing only GAF a has high affinity, biphasic cGMP-binding kinetics consistent with structural heterogeneity of GAF a, suggesting that the presence of GAF b is not required for biphasic cGMP-dissociation kinetics observed in holoenzyme or isolated R domain; 5) significant cGMP binding by GAF b was not detected; and 6) the sequence containing GAF b and its flanking amino acids is critical for cGMP stimulation of Ser102 phosphorylation by cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases. Results yield new insights into PDE5 functions, further define boundaries that provide for allosteric cGMP binding, and identify regions that contribute to dimerization.
The State of the Art of Action Learning Research

Action learning founder Reginald Revans emphasized the importance of striking the right balance between action and learning during the action learning process. In this article, the authors outlined...
On the attraction of floating particles

Abstract Capillary attraction between floating particles, a phenomenon of everyday experience as well as technological importance, is caused by interfacial tension and buoyancy forces that have defied calculation so far owing to the complicated shape of the intervening meniscus. The one exception is treated here; parallel, stationary cylinders of infinite length. Computations show that the attractive force falls off nearly exponentially with separation. The parallel configuration is unstable until cylinders make contact, as experiments with finite rods confirm.
Lithium Suppresses Signaling and Induces Rapid Sequestration of β2-Adrenergic Receptors

Lithium is a monovalent cation used therapeutically to treat a range of affective disorders (1), although the cellular mechanisms of lithium regulation that might contribute to its therapeutic effects at the level of neurotransmitter receptors are not known. Herein we report the ability of lithium to stimulate the internalization of beta2-adrenergic receptors. Lithium treatment of A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells resulted in a rapid, prominent desensitization and internalization of beta2-adrenergic receptors. The ability of these receptors to generate a cyclic AMP response was strongly inhibited by lithium, at concentrations therapeutic in humans. Receptors for the serotonin (5HT1c) and for opiates (mu-opioid), in sharp contrast, resisted the effects of lithium on internalization. These data provide the first receptor-based mechanism to be described for lithium that could explain, in part, the therapeutic effects of lithium on affective disorders.
Near-transform-limited visible and near-IR femtosecond pulses from optical parametric amplification using Type II β-barium borate

Type II phase-matched β-barium borate is used in the first stage of amplification of a white-light continuum in a two-stage optical parametric amplifier pumped by the second harmonic of a regeneratively amplified Ti:sapphire laser system operating at 824 nm. Near-transform-limited sub-190-fs pulses with microjoule energies are achieved in the signal branch, which is tunable from 475 nm to degeneracy. This system effectively bridges the wavelength gap between the fundamental and the second harmonic of amplified Ti:sapphire laser systems.
Boundary Element Study of a Loaded Hole in an Orthotropic Plate

The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient boundary element method (BEM) for use in the analysis of composite structures, principally loaded holes in mechanically fastened composites. The idea is to modify the BEM by an analytical scheme to evaluate boundary stresses and deformations accurately. The validity of the method is verified by computing the stress concentration factor in a double lap joint for different hole sizes and various boundary conditions.
Superhydrophilic surface treatment for thin film NiTi vascular applications

Abstract A variety of surface treatment methods were evaluated to modify the hydrophilic nature of thin film nitinol (NiTi). It has been suggested that increasing hydrophilicity reduces the prevalence of platelet adhesion and thrombosis in the vascular system. In this study, thin film NiTi was treated with three pretreatments cleaning, buffered oxide etchant (BOE), and BOE/nitric acid (HNO3), followed by one surface treatment. The three surface treatment studied were UV irradiation, thermal treatment, or hydrogen peroxide. Two surface treatments, i.e., thermal at 600 °C for 30 min and 30% hydrogen peroxide treatment for 15 h, produced superhydrophilic surfaces, i.e., wetting angle = 0°. However, the superhydrophilic surface produced by the thermal treatment also embrittled the thin film due to the relative thickness of the oxide grown. Long term studies in air showed that all surface treatments trend toward hydrophobic natures. However, storage of the surface treated thin film NiTi in Deionized (DI) water preserved even the superhydrophilic surfaces indefinitely.
Invasive Candidiasis in Patients with Implants

Implantable device infections are an important cause of invasive candidiasis and carry high rates of morbidity and mortality. Central vascular access catheters are by far the most commonly infected type of device. Infections associated with peritoneal dialysis catheters, cardiac devices, prosthetic joints, and other implantable devices are much less common but can have devastating consequences for affected patients. Central to the pathogenesis of these infections is the interplay between altered anatomic barriers due to device implantation, host immune factors, and the tendency of Candida to form biofilms upon inanimate surfaces. Once infection develops, current treatment options nearly always necessitate removal of the device, so major efforts are under way to prevent infection by implementing innovative infection control strategies and developing implants that are less susceptible to biofilm formation. This review focuses on recent developments in our understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment options, and prevention of implant-associated invasive candidiasis.
Metal fill profile detection in Lost Foam Casting process using capacitive sensors

Electrical capacitive tomography (ECT) provides a simple noninvasive and ruggedized visualization technique for acquiring the metal fill profile in lost foam casting process (LFC) process. The mutual capacitance change caused by variation of the grounded metal inside the target area is measured by using an array of capacitive electrodes mounted around a target area. This paper implements a new technique for determining the metal fill profile. The proposed system has been made wireless and using a limited number of measurements which lower the cost of the hardware. An iterative linear back projection (ILBP) technique for reconstructing the metal images is adapted. Experiments are carried using a LFC simulated environment to test the performance of the system. The proposed method is able to detect the position of the metal using only 6 measurements from the sensors. Reconstructed images for the metal profile show the ability of the proposed system to identify the location and amount of the metal inside the foam pattern.
Protocol or performance.

Out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a leading cause of mortality in industrialized societies ([1][1]). Thus, even modest improvements in collective survival could meaningfully advance public health. Despite this realization, evidence suggests that SCA survival has not improved in many
5.1: Space charge, emittance, trajectories and the modeling of field emitter arrays

A recently developed analytical model for current from a protrusion coupled with the point charge model of an emitter makes models of emittance and space charge from a single tip (the “unit cell”) treatable. Likewise, 1D space charge models connect field-dependent current density to charge between the anode and a flat cathode plane (the “macro region”). The connection between the unit cell and macro region models is explored and developed with regard to the trajectories, their weights, and their location on the unit cell / macro region boundary. The development is with an eye towards the needs of particle-in-cell beam simulation codes, as well as for the evaluation of intrinsic (cathode) emittance.
SYSTEMATICS OF THE DELESSERIACEAE (CERAMIALES, RHODOPHYTA) BASED ON LARGE SUBUNIT rDNA AND rbcL SEQUENCES, INCLUDING THE PHYCODRYOIDEAE, SUBFAM. NOV.

The present classification of the Delesseriaceae retains the essential features of Kylin's system, which recognizes two subfamilies Delesserioideae and Nitophylloideae and a series of “groups” or tribes. In this study we test the Kylin system based on phylogenetic parsimony and distance analyses inferred from two molecular data sets and morphological evidence. A set of 72 delesseriacean and 7 additional taxa in the order Ceramiales was sequenced in the large subunit rDNA and rbcL analyses. Three large clades were identified in both the separate and combined data sets, one of which corresponds to the Delesserioideae, one to a narrowly circumscribed Nitophylloideae, and one to the Phycodryoideae, subfam. nov., comprising the remainder of the Nitophylloideae sensu Kylin. Two additional trees inferred from rbcL sequences are included to provide broader coverage of relationships among some Delesserioideae and Phycodryoideae. Belonging to the Delesserioideae are the Caloglosseae with Caloglossa; an expanded Hemineureae that includes Hemineura, Patulophycus, Marionella, Laingia, Botryocarpa, and Pseudophycodrys; the Delesserieae with Delesseria and Membranoptera; the Apoglosseae with Apoglossum and a group of southern hemisphere species presently placed in Delesseria that belong in Paraglossum; the Hypoglosseae with Hypoglossum, Branchioglossum, Zellera, and Bartoniella; and the Grinnellieae with Grinnellia. The revised Nitophylloideae contains the Nitophylleae with Nitophyllum, Valeriemaya, Polyneuropsis, and Calonitophyllum and the Martensieae with Opephyllum and Martensia. A new subfamily, Phycodryoideae, is proposed to include the Phycodryeae with Phycodrys, Polyneura, Nienburgia, Cladodonta, Heterodoxia, and Womersleya; the Cryptopleureae with Cryptopleura, Hymenena, Acrosorium, and Botryoglossum; the Myriogrammeae with Myriogramme and Haraldiophyllum; and the Schizoserideae with Schizoseris, Neuroglossum, Drachiella, Abroteia, and species from South America placed in Platyclinia. This research promotes the correlation of molecular and morphological phylogenies.
Structural basis for misfolding in myocilin-associated glaucoma

Olfactomedin (OLF) domain-containing proteins play roles in fundamental cellular processes and have been implicated in disorders ranging from glaucoma, cancers and inflammatory bowel disorder, to attention deficit disorder and childhood obesity. We solved crystal structures of the OLF domain of myocilin (myoc-OLF), the best studied such domain to date. Mutations in myoc-OLF are causative in the autosomal dominant inherited form of the prevalent ocular disorder glaucoma. The structures reveal a new addition to the small family of five-bladed β-propellers. Propellers are most well known for their ability to act as hubs for protein-protein interactions, a function that seems most likely for myoc-OLF, but they can also act as enzymes. A calcium ion, sodium ion and glycerol molecule were identified within a central hydrophilic cavity that is accessible via movements of surface loop residues. By mapping familial glaucoma-associated lesions onto the myoc-OLF structure, three regions sensitive to aggregation have been identified, with direct applicability to differentiating between neutral and disease-causing non-synonymous mutations documented in the human population worldwide. Evolutionary analysis mapped onto the myoc-OLF structure reveals conserved and divergent regions for possible overlapping and distinctive functional protein-protein or protein-ligand interactions across the broader OLF domain family. While deciphering the specific normal biological functions, ligands and binding partners for OLF domains will likely continue to be a challenging long-term experimental pursuit, atomic detail structural knowledge of myoc-OLF is a valuable guide for understanding the implications of glaucoma-associated mutations and will help focus future studies of this biomedically important domain family.
Indications for lumbar fusion in degenerative spine disease

The incidence of lumbar fusion surgeries has risen exponentially over the last 2 decades. Although a very useful and necessary surgery for specific conditions, spinal fusions have undeservingly earned a negative reputation. With stringent patient selection, lumbar fusions are highly efficacious. This article is intended to inform the reader of the indications for lumbar spinal fusion and discuss conditions that potentiate successful outcomes.
The effects of market orientation on subsidiary performance: Empirical evidence from MNCs in Turkey

Abstract Much scholarly work has been devoted to studying the performance implications of market orientation. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of market orientation on financial performance of the subsidiaries of MNCs located in Turkey. The findings indicate that a market orientation affects financial performance of MNC subsidiaries that operate in diverse and complex economic, cultural, and political environments of the Middle East. Moreover, authors demonstrate that the customer-related mechanisms (customer satisfaction and retention) mediate the market orientation–performance relationship. The paper also discusses the theoretical and practical implications of study findings.
Resonant current driven, nonresonant current coupled zero-voltage-switching converter

The authors present the analysis and design of a novel current driven, zero-voltage-switching resonant converter. By appropriately positioning the L-C tank components, the detrimental effects due to the transistor and transformer parasitics are eliminated, thus permitting operation at higher switching frequencies. In addition, a novel lossless clamping circuit is implemented to reduce transistor voltage stresses. This converter will be most effectively used for low to medium voltage applications in which minimum loads are 30% or more of full load, and voltage gain requirements are less than 0.74. >
Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Doped Compositions

We review the state of the art in the field of semiconductor nanocrystal (SC NC) doping, with emphasis on cationic doping for modified optical and magnetic properties. Doping has the potential to greatly expand the already vast technological promise of SC NCs by allowing for the introduction of dopant-specific or dopant-modified properties. In the last several years, tremendous progress has been made with respect to both the understanding and implementation of SC NC–doping strategies. Here, we review the prevailing theoretical models (the “dopant extrusion model” and the “sticky surface model”) underpinning the current understanding of the process of dopant ion incorporation during NC growth. Further, we review the general synthetic approaches that have been developed in the context of this understanding, as well as many specific examples of SC NC–dopant systems, revealing both the successes and those that have fallen short in either achieving doping or fully demonstrating that doping was achieved. In support of this aim, we also provide a summary of the characterization methods (spectroscopic, structural, and chemical) that are critical for critiquing the doped system. We have necessarily focused on cationic doping as anionic doping has yet to be realized in a similar fashion. Further, the topic of electronic doping is only briefly addressed. While examples are reasonably abundant with respect to transition metal and lanthanide doping for modified magnetic/optical and optical properties respectively, permanent electronic doping of SC NCs has yet to be demonstrated. Finally, we identify (in addition to anionic and electronic doping) the topic areas that remain to be explored in this field of SC NC doping. Keywords: doping; colloidal; semiconductor; nanocrystal; quantum dot
The Science of Public Administration: Problems, Presumptions, Progress, and Possibilities

Nearly 70 years ago, Dahl noted the difficulty of constructing a science of public administration that was plagued by three interrelated problems: values, behavior, and culture. Underlying all three problems was the presumption that public administration could establish a set of universal principles independent of moral or political ends, individual human differences, or social influences. In discussing these three broad and easily accessible themes, Dahl did more than identify and critique the field's problems and presumptions. He also provided a road map to move the field forward and establish a science of public administration. Drawing on the framework provided by Dahl, this article argues that the field has made considerable progress in recognizing, if not addressing, each problem raised by Dahl. Even so, several current presumptions or omissions are also identified that, if challenged, can provide additional possibilities to advance the science of public administration.
Quality‐of‐life scores compared to objective measures of swallowing after oropharyngeal chemoradiation

Objectives/Hypothesis To compare objective measures of swallowing function with patient reports of swallowing-related quality of life 1 year after treatment of oropharyngeal cancer with chemoradiation therapy. Study Design Patients seen for follow-up at least 1 year after treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma with chemoradiation therapy were sequentially approached and asked to participate in the study. Methods Maximum pharyngeal constriction, hyoid elevation, upper esophageal sphincter opening size, and bolus pharyngeal transit time were measured from modified barium swallowing studies in a group of 31 patients at least 1 year after chemoradiation therapy for the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma. Measures were made for a liquid 1-mL, 3-mL, and 20-mL bolus. Objective measure results were compared to scores from the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory and The University of Washington Swallowing Quality of Life Questionnaire results from the same patients. Results No strong correlation was identified between any of the objective measures of swallowing physiology and quality-of-life scores. Conclusions Patient perception of the impact of swallowing function on quality of life does not correlate well with actual physiologic functioning. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 124:682–687, 2014
Extended Record Length of Atmospheric Data Gathered via Nimbus-6

A low-power nonvolatile data memory unit was developed for free floating balloons in the TWERL experiment. By means of multiple identification codes data records, several hours long, could be transferred in compressed form to the Nimbus-6 satellite for retransmission to ground stations. Eight of these units were flown on constant density balloons to investigate atmospheric wave motions throughout the Southern Hemisphere. One returned valid data for ten months. Similar techniques could be used with other types of observing platforms.
From Break Dancing to Heavy Metal Navajo Youth, Resistance, and Identity

This article is about a small group of Navajo youth and the messages they expressed through both break dancing and heavy metal. Their break-dancing performances spoke loudly against racial discrimi...
Simulation of Taylor-Couette flow. Part 1. Numerical methods and comparison with experiment

We present a numerical method that allows us to solve the Navicr-Stokes equation with boundary conditions for the viscous flow between two concentrically rotating cylinders as an initial-value problem. We use a pseudospectral code in which all of the time-splitting errors are removed by using a set of Green functions (capacitance matrix) that allows us to satisfy the inviscid boundary conditions exactly. For this geometry we find that a small time-splitting error can produce large errors in the computed velocity field. We test the code by comparing our numerically determined growth rates and wave speeds with linear theory and by comparing our computed torques with experimentally measured values and with the values that appear in other published numerical simulations. We find good agreement in all of our tests of the numerical calculation of wavy vortex flows. A test that is more sensitive than the comparison of torques is the comparison of the numerically computed wave speed with the experimentally observed wave speed. The agreements between the simulated and measured wave speeds are within the experimental uncertainties ; the bestmeasured speeds have fractional uncertainties of less than 0.2 o/o.
Cell Gap Effect on the Dynamics of Liquid Crystal Phase Modulators

This paper provides a complete physical picture of optical response time as a function of cell gap (d) in a wide voltage regime. Normally both rise and decay times are known to be proportional to d 2 in the small angle approximation (Vth < V < ffiffiffi p V th), and in the high voltage regime where Vp < V < Vi the optical decay time is independent of d. In this paper, we found that between these two extremes there is a region where the response time is linearly proportional to d. Our analytical derivation is confirmed by experimental results.
Thermal logic circuits

Thermal logic is a hypothetical device technology that allows one to analyze the energetics of computing machines in a simpler setting than real device technologies. The paper describes the rudiments of thermal logic, and uses it to analyze reversible logic pipelines. The similarity between thermal logic and electronic logic is explained, and thermal analogs of electronic devices and circuits are proposed. We show that adiabatically-reversible logic pipelines have a rich mathematical structure, including a local gauge symmetry, and suggest some directions for future research. Adiabatic power supplies are also addressed. >
Contrastive divergence in gaussian diffusions

This letter presents an analysis of the contrastive divergence (CD) learning algorithm when applied to continuous-time linear stochastic neural networks. For this case, powerful techniques exist that allow a detailed analysis of the behavior of CD. The analysis shows that CD converges to maximum likelihood solutions only when the network structure is such that it can match the first moments of the desired distribution. Otherwise, CD can converge to solutions arbitrarily different from the log-likelihood solutions, or they can even diverge. This result suggests the need to improve our theoretical understanding of the conditions under which CD is expected to be well behaved and the conditions under which it may fail. In, addition the results point to practical ideas on how to improve the performance of CD.
Using Ethnography in Applied Sport Psychology

The acceptance of qualitative research in applied sport psychology is growing steadily, yet there are continued calls for greater methodological diversity in this research. To this end, we offer ethnography to extend and enhance our understanding of applied sport psychology. Ethnography is aimed toward understanding the culture of a particular group from the perspective of the group members. The group culture, then, will lend insight into the behaviors, values, emotions, and mental states of group members. Ethnographers employ multiple methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of the social environment and perceptions of the members of the social group. In this paper, we discuss the epistemological and methodological foundations of ethnography. Then, using research examples related to applied sport psychology, we describe processes involved ethnographic research. Finally, we explore the issues of representation and legitimacy in ethnography.
Self-channeled laser pulse induced effects at distance

Studies were performed using self-channeled femtosecond laser pulses (filaments) interacting with various materials at a distance of 30 meters. Using time resolved optical shadowgraphy, the filament interaction with the target is observed. Shockwaves in both the target and the surrounding atmosphere are observed and their velocities measured. Estimations of the shockwave energy are made from these observations. In transparent targets, optical coupling into the target material is observed. This coupling results in optical damage lines in the material. Results of the filament interactions will be discussed along with supporting modeling.
Initial Condition Sensitivity and Error Growth in Forecasts of the 25 January 2000 East Coast Snowstorm

Abstract Short- and medium-range (24–96-h) forecasts of the January 2000 U.S. east coast cyclone and associated snowstorm are examined using the U.S. Navy global forecast model and adjoint system. Attention is given to errors on the synoptic scale, including forecast position and central pressure of the cyclone at the verification time of 1200 UTC 25 January 2000. There is a substantial loss of predictive skill in the 72- and 96-h forecasts, while the 24- and 48-h forecasts capture the synoptic-scale features of the cyclone development with moderate errors. Sensitivity information from the adjoint model suggests that the initial conditions for the 72-h forecast starting at 1200 UTC 22 January 2000 contained relatively small, but critical, errors in upper-air wind and temperature over a large upstream area, including part of the eastern Pacific and “well observed” areas of western and central North America. The rapid growth of these initial errors in a highly unstable flow regime (large singular-vector gro...
Background to the fore: The Prosaic in Tourist Places

This paper presents the results from two case studies undertaken independently in Budapest, Hungary and Spring Mill Pioneer Village, Indiana, USA. A comparative analysis of interviews conducted with urban tourists in Budapest and surveys of rural tourists at Spring Mill reveals the prominence of the prosaic in shaping their experiences of place. Tourists to Budapest referenced everyday objects in the city (language, architecture, and people), and tourists to Spring Mill responded to the background elements (stream, forest, and wildlife) of the landscape. It is argued that while the large-scale symbolic elements may draw tourists to a site, it is the everyday features of the landscape working ensemble that shape their impressions of the destination as place once there.
A Review of Social Life Cycle Assessment Methodologies

Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) is emerging as a powerful and necessary tool in sustainability science. With its great flexibility, SLCA can be applied toward quantifying social impacts on a system. However, the literature lacks a review of the current methods that hinder its applicability. This chapter provides an overview of the popular methods in SCLA, including process identifications and quantifications. Specifically, we review the four methods of Dreyer, Norris, Hunkeler, and Weidema. We found that the definition of human well-being seems to be the basis for all SLCAs. The SLCA method can effectively measure social impacts and provide a sound basis for decision-making. Case studies are included in the chapter to illustrate the applications.
Low-pressure gas sensor exploiting the Knudsen thermal force: DSMC modeling and experimental validation

We present performance modeling and experimental validation of a novel MEMS vacuum gas sensor based on the Knudsen thermal force. Direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) modeling of thermally-driven gas flow and force measurements show a non-monotonic dependence on ambient pressure, peaking at a Knudsen number on the order of unity. Combining force dependence on pressure with the monotonically varying heat transfer rate allows both ambient pressure and species concentration to be determined if the constituents are known. The DSMC modeling also shows that thermal gradients between the shuttle and heater induce complex vortical flow structures that could be applied to control mixing/separation in gas-phase microfluidic devices.
Thermal C1-C5 diradical cyclization of enediynes.

Computational studies at the BLYP/6−31G(d) level (supplemented by BCCD(T)/cc-pVDZ calculations) suggest that in aryl-substituted 1,2-diethynylbenzenes, steric effects disfavor the thermal C1−C6 diradical cyclization reaction (Bergman) and electronic effects favor the regiovariant C1−C5 cyclization to the extent that the C1−C5 process should become an important reaction pathway in the thermolyses of such compounds. Experimentally, thermolyses of 1,2-bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenylethynyl)benzene, a particularly favorable case, yields only products derived from C1−C5 cyclization [specifically, 1-(2,4,6-trichlorobenzylidene)-2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)-1H-indene and its hydrogenation product 3-(2,4,6-trichlorobenzyl)-2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)-1H-indene], and even for the parent hydrocarbon 1,2-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene, the formation of C1−C5 cyclization products is competitive with the major Bergman reaction. Although some C1−C5 cyclization products are probably formed by transfer hydrogenation from 1,4-cyclohexadi...
Factors affecting thermal resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis ODA 99-30581-13 in shell egg contents and use of heat-ozone combinations for egg pasteurization.

Infection of laying hens with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis leads to deposition of the pathogen into the albumen or yolk of forming eggs. Heat treatment can inactivate internalized Salmonella Enteritidis in shell eggs, but factors such as the nature and location of contamination may influence the efficacy of thermal treatments. In the current research, natural contamination was mimicked by introducing small inocula of Salmonella Enteritidis into different locations of shell eggs and incubating inoculated eggs. These pathogen-containing eggs were heated at 57°C for 40 min, and temperature within eggs was monitored at the locations of inocula. Comparison of inactivation at equivalent internal temperatures revealed similar levels of lethality regardless of inoculum location. Refrigeration between incubation and heat treatment did not increase thermal resistance of cells in albumen but decreased cell inactivation in yolk. Sequential application of heat and gaseous ozone allows for the development of...
Solubilization of serotonin and related compounds in benzene-n-butanol in presence of human plasma.

SummaryUsing an in vitro system patterned after that of Woolley(2), serotonin, tryptamine, tyramine and several related test substances were solubilized in benzene-butanol in varying degree in the ...
Central-upwind scheme for shallow water equations with discontinuous bottom topography

Finite-volume central-upwind schemes for shallow water equations were proposed in [A. Kurganov and G. Petrova, Commun. Math. Sci., 5 (2007), 133–160]. These schemes are capable of maintaining “lake-at-rest” steady states and preserving the positivity of the computed water depth. The well-balanced and positivity preserving features of the central-upwind schemes are achieved, in particular, by using continuous piecewise linear interpolation of the bottom topography function. However, when the bottom function is discontinuous or a model with a moving bottom topography is studied, the continuous piecewise linear approximationmay not be sufficiently accurate and robust.
Characterization of Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis (Acari: Sarcoptidae) antigens and induced antibodies in rabbits.

Extracts of Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis mite bodies analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) contained multiple antigens. Sarcoptes scabiei -specific antiserum suitable for immunological studies was produced in rabbits with chronic, heavy mite infestations without direct immunization. Composite analysis of the CIE gels identified 7 anodically moving antigens and 2 cathodically moving antigens.
Visceral artery syndromes and reconstructions.

Acute mesenteric infarction, particularly with acute thrombosis, has long been resistant to surgical treatment. Improved results are possible with the use of embolectomy and revascularization prior to resection of the bowel, although controversy remains about the use of this method in celiac compression syndrome.
The influence of concrete support on child welfare program engagement, progress, and recurrence

Families living in poverty are significantly more likely to become involved with child welfare services, and consequently, referred to interventions that target abusive and neglectful parenting practices. Program engagement and retention are difficult to achieve, possibly because of the concrete resource insufficiencies that may have contributed to a family's involvement with services in the first place. Various strategies have been used to enhance program completion, such as motivational interventions, monetary incentives, and financial assistance with concrete needs. This study examines the influence of adjunctive concrete support provided by home visitors on families' (N = 1754) engagement, retention, and satisfaction with services as well as parenting outcomes. Using propensity stratification, mixed modeling procedures revealed that increasing concrete support predicted greater engagement, satisfaction, goal attainment, and lower short-term recidivism. Results suggest that adjunctive concrete support is a potentially beneficial strategy for promoting service engagement and satisfaction and increasing short-term child safety.
Collection of Stem Cell Early In the Disease Course of Multiple Myeloma Is Associated with Early Engraftment.

Abstract 4518 Introduction: Autologous stem cell transplant (PBSCT) is an integral part of the management of Multiple Myeloma (MM). Available data suggest that the timing of PBSCT has no effect on overall outcome. Some patients currently opt to delay their transplant, especially in this era of proteosome inhibitors and iMIDs. In such patients the best time for stem cell collection is unknown. We conducted a retrospective study looking at early stem collection and storage compared to stem cell collection at the time of transplant in patients who opt to be transplanted at a later date. Method: All patients who had PBSCT performed more than one year from the time of diagnosis were reviewed. Two groups of interest were then evaluated. Early collection (ET): those who had stem cells collected within 6 months of diagnosis, and Late collection (LT): those who had stem cells collected more than 1 year from diagnosis and within 3 months of PBSCT. Results: Table 1 shows some patient characteristics. 334 patients were identified, ET (85) and LT (249). Gender distribution, Durie Salmon stage, immunoglobulin subtype and cytogenetic abnormalities were similar in both groups. The LT group was older 60 yrs compared to ET 56.6 yrs, P=0.02. More patients in the ET (77%) group were mobilized with cyclophosphamide compared to LT (51%) p Conclusion: Stem cell collection and storage early in the disease course of multiple myeloma results in early engraftment compared to stem cell collection at the time of transplant in patients who opt for a delayed transplant. More studies looking at cost analysis will however be need to determine the cost effectiveness of early versus late stem cell collection. Disclosures: Dispenzieri: Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Binding Site: Honoraria. Kumar: Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Genzyme: Consultancy, Research Funding; Cephalon: Research Funding. Gertz: Celgene: Honoraria; Millennium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees.
Copper Theft in the United States: 2006-2013

Using monthly data for three proxies of copper theft, this article uses multivariate regression models to examine the relationship between copper prices and copper theft in the United States from 2006 through mid-2013. The findings indicate that copper thefts, as proxied by insurance claims for copper theft, newspaper articles in LexisNexis mentioning copper theft, and Google searches, are positively related to copper prices with the former two reflecting a constant elasticity not statistically different from unity. There is some evidence that copper thefts are related to the general pattern of property crime but there is no evidence that copper thefts are related to unemployment or foreclosures.
How Prisoners' Rights Lawyers Are Preserving the Role of the Courts

This article canvasses prisoners’ lawyers strategies prompted by the 1996 Prison Litigation Reform Act. The strategies not only comply with the statute’s limits but also allow U.S. district courts to remain a forum for the vindication of the constitutional rights of at least some of the nation’s millions of prisoners. Part I summarizes in several charts the PLRA’s sharp impact on the prevalence and outcomes in prison litigation, but demonstrates there are still many cases and situations in which courts continue to play a role. Part II looks at three methods by which plaintiffs and defendants can jointly obtain injunctive-type relief in prison cases—by crafting stipulations that comply with the PLRA’s constraints, by structuring the relief as a conditional dismissal, or by setting up the possibility of state-court enforcement. Part III examines plaintiffs’ coping methods for the PLRA’s provisions easing the path to termination of decrees, whether litigated or consent. Two types of preparation for a termination motion have emerged. First, the parties sometimes agree to stretch out the remediation period more than the PLRA’s default two years. Second, plaintiffs have worked to ensure that they are collecting sufficient information to inform their potentially hurried response to a termination motion. It is my hope that the examples presented can help counsel and judges in prisoners’ rights cases thread the needle that the PLRA presents.
Modular and Orthogonal Post-PEGylation Surface Modifications by Insertion Enabling Penta-functional Ultrasmall Organic-Silica Hybrid Nanoparticles

Multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) combining different functional components into a single NP platform are of great interest in the fields of nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine. Here, we report a versatile surface modification approach to modularly and orthogonally functionalize Cornell prime dots (C′ dots), ultrasmall sub-10 nm PEGylated fluorescent core–shell silica nanoparticles that have been translated into the clinic, with up to four types of different functional ligands on the NP surface. It enables the synthesis of penta-functional C′ dots integrating a variety of properties into a single NP, i.e., fluorescence detection, specific cell targeting, radioisotope chelating/labeling, ratiometric pH sensing, and drug delivery, while the overall NP size remains below 7 nm. This is achieved by taking advantage of the fact that the PEG layer of C′ dots is penetrable to small molecules. Amine- and/or thiol-functionalized silane molecules can be inserted between PEG chains and onto the silica surface of C′ ...
The Role of Chemistry Education for Medical Preprofessionals

The importance of robust chemistry education to the preparation of preprofessional students in medically related fields is discussed.
Directionality effects in percolation

The percolation properties of random networks containing resistors (two-way streets) and/or diodes (one-way streets) are considered. The directionality constraints of the diodes are found to lead to novel geometrical behavior. As a simple example, various random cluster models with a preferred direction, such as directed random walks or directed lattice animals, are shown to be anisotropic in character. The critical behavior of directed percolation is then treated and its connection with branching Markov processes is explained. A closely related "reverse" percolation problem, a transition from one-way percolation to isotropic percolation, is introduced. Finally, the geometrical properties of a network containing arbitrarily oriented diodes are treated. Symmetry and duality arguments are applied to yield exact results for certain aspects of its critical behavior.
Emergency Department Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pneumoparotitis with Cervicofacial Subcutaneous Emphysema in a Pediatric Patient.

Author(s): Lee, Khai Pin; James, Vigil; Ong, Gene Y. | Abstract: Idiopathic pediatric pneumoparotitis, being rare, is often misdiagnosed in acute care settings, resulting in inappropriate initial management and emergency department (ED) disposition. We report the case of a previously well 11-year-old boy who presented to our ED with acute left cheek swelling and pain. He was diagnosed with pneumoparotitis with cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema with the aid of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and radiographs. Despite appropriate initial ED and inpatient management, he developed bilateral involvement and pneumomediastinum. After 72 hours, his condition improved and he was discharged well after five days of hospitalization. This case report highlights the use of POCUS and radiographs to facilitate an early diagnosis and appropriate EDdisposition.
Basin Analysis and the Sedimentary Model up to 1963

Geologists have not been content just to observe and describe. They have concurrently attempted to collate their observations, to formulate general principles or laws, and to build more comprehensive theories. Students of sedimentary deposits are no exception. The first efforts at interpretation of sediments were directed toward reconstruction of the environment of deposition at a particular time and place. With ever-widening comprehension, the efforts at interpretation have been extended to embrace longer periods of time and to include, at last, the whole basin in which the sediments in question were deposited. Consideration of the basin as a whole provides a truly unified approach to the study of sediments.
Pharmacist-Provided Pharmacogenetic Point-of-Care Testing Consultation Service: A Time and Motion Study.

Background: With recent advances in pharmacogenomics (PGx) comes the potential to customize medication use based on genetic data. Support for PGx has found practical limitations in terms of workflow and turnaround time of a test. However, with the expansion of point-of-care testing (POCT) in pharmacy practice models comes opportunity for PGx testing in the pharmacy setting. Objective: The purpose of this study is to quantify the amount of time spent during each step of a PGx POCT encounter in a community pharmacy setting. Methods: A time and motion study was conducted using a mock community pharmacy space for a simulated PGx-focused encounter to manage antiplatelet therapy following hospital discharge. PGx POCT was conducted using the Spartan RX instrument. Simulated patient encounters were divided into 7 categories. Time spent in each step, as well as total time spent, was tracked. Results: A total of 54 simulated PGx POCT encounters took place with an average time of 9.49 minutes (SD ± 1.38 minutes). In...
Inter/nationalism: decolonizing native America and Palestine

Steven Salaita’s book, Inter/Nationalism: Decolonizing Native America and Palestine, is an important contribution to the literature on comparative indigeneity and settler colonialism. His use of “i...
Transformational leadership and organizational commitment in Korean police station: Test of second-order MLQ-6 S and OCQ

In comparison with research on the private sector, organizational commitment within the police has been rarely examined. Moreover, the leadership styles of police officials are not equal in all pol...
212. Korrekturosteotomien nach Fugenverletzungen an der unteren Extremität

Indikation and Technik solcher Korrektureingriffe orientieren sich an: Wachstumsabschlus? Gelenkstellung? Beinlange? Korrekturwachstum der benachbarten Epiphyse? Ist das Wachstum noch nicht abgeschlossen, kann versucht werden, die Fuge zu entblockieren. Eine operative Achsenkorrektur mus zum fruhestmoglichen Zeitpunkt erfolgen, um ein Korrektur-Fehlwachstum in der benachbarten Epiphyse zu verhindern. Ist dies bereits eingetreten, sind meist gegensinnige Doppelkorrekturen notwendig. Alle Osteotomien sollen aufklappend erfolgen, um gleichzeitig Beinlange zu gewinnen, die sich ganz exakt erst nach Wachstumsabschlus ausgleichen last.
COAGULATION CASCADE | Intrinsic Factors

The intrinsic coagulation pathway consists of factors XI, IX, and VIII (fXI, fIX, fVIII). FXI and fIX are serine protease zymogens requiring proteolytic activation to express protease and procoagulant activity. FVIII is a non-enzymatic cofactor that also requires proteolytic activation. FXI can be activated by either fXIIa (contact activation) or by thrombin (positive feedback). The activated fXI (fXIa) subsequently activates fIX to generate fIXa that binds to thrombin-activated fVIII (fVIIIa) to generate a potent procoagulant complex on an anionic phospholipid surface. This complex activates fX to propagate and amplify the coagulant response. The activity of the intrinsic pathway is regulated by the activation status of fVIII, defined by the spontaneous decay of fVIIIa activity. The rapid activation and decay of fVIII/fVIIIa provides a pulse of activity allowing controlled fibrin deposition to occur without excessive clot formation. This pathway is activated during pathological coagulation in the lung in acute lung injury models. If left unregulated it can lead to excessive generation of fXa, resulting in the deposition of extravascular alveolar fibrin followed by respiratory failure.
Disruptor-in-chief?: The networked influence of President Trump in building and setting the agenda

Abstract One prominent competitor to press influence on the public in digital spaces is the President of the United States. This presidential influence is largely unaccounted for, however, in contemporary agenda-setting models. This study examines the network agenda-building and setting capabilities of President Trump around tax reform and North Korea to determine whether and how presidential use of Twitter facilitates agenda building and disrupts the traditional press/public agenda-setting process. Offered in this research are contributions to network agenda setting by placing this theoretical perspective in conversation with research on how the press and public “echo” the language of the president under particular circumstances. Our results illustrate the president can disrupt press-public agenda formation in some circumstances, but popular accounts of the all-disrupting influence President Trump has on political life should be approached cautiously.
Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Black Women

We investigated the relations between gendered racial microaggressions (i.e., subtle gendered racism), gendered racial socialization, and traumatic stress symptoms among Black women. We hypothesize...