cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cyclic metalloporphyrin dimers and tetramers: tunable shape-selective hosts for fullerenes.

Covalently linked cyclic metalloporphyrin dimers and tetramers have been demonstrated to be good shape-selective hosts for fullerene guests. The fullerene affinities of these hosts can readily be tuned by modulating the covalent linkage and the metal ions in the porphyrin subunits. A rigid Zn(porphyrin) dimer with conjugated bis(alkynyl) linkers exhibits a high selectivity towards C70 over C60 in toluene (Ka,C70/Ka,C60 = ∼28). For the host structures examined, a synergistic combination of rigidity in the linker and electropositive Al ions gives rise to the strongest binding of C70. In the case of a bisected Zn(porphyrin) tetramer, two well-defined cavities exist; however, due to their comparatively small size, only one C60 can be accommodated. Studies of fullerene binding as a function of metal ion in a porphyrin divider suggest that the right combination of shape and steric match is essential to exploit both van der Waals and local-charge/induced-dipole interactions.
Stalking the Everted Telencephalon: Comparisons of Forebrain Organization in Basal Ray-Finned Fishes and Teleosts

Compared to land vertebrates and the other fishes, the basal ray-finned fishes and teleosts have morphologically unusual forebrains. The telencephalic pallium is everted, and its diencephalic inputs a
Immunotherapy in Melanoma, Gastrointestinal (GI), and Pulmonary Malignancies

Oncologic immunotherapy involves stimulating the immune system to more effectively identify and eradicate tumor cells that have successfully adapted to survive the body's natural immune defenses. Immunotherapy has shown great promise thus far by prolonging the lives of patients with a variety of malignancies, and has added a crucial new set of tools to the oncologists' armamentarium. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of immunotherapy treatment options that are currently available and under active research for melanoma, gastrointestinal (esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal), and pulmonary malignancies. Potential biomarkers that may predict favorable responses to immunotherapies are discussed where applicable, as are future avenues of research in this rapidly evolving field.
Software quality measurement and modeling, maturity, control and improvement

The goal of the paper is to provide a measurement structure needed for the improvement of software quality by uniting the Rome Laboratory Software Quality Framework, a reconstructed concept of measurement based maturity, statistical analysis, data quality and requisite information structures. The structure involves both standards of practice and standards of performance relating to product and process, and the need for extended forms of analysis for them to be developed. Such a structure is essential if software quality is to be assessed and improved in a timely manner.
Could there be exactly two things

Many philosophers think that, necessarily, any material objects have a fusion (let’s call that doctrine “Universalism”). In this paper I point out a couple of strange consequences of Universalism and related doctrines, and suggest that they are strange enough to constitute a powerful argument against those views.
PATHOLOGY TEACH AND TELL: CASTLEMAN DISEASE

A 16-year-old adolescent female presented with a history of a swollen, nontender right supraclavicular lymph node. She had noticed the lymph node enlargement for approximately 2 months, following a...
Enhancing TCP Performance in AMC Based Broadband Wireless Access Networks

In this paper, we study wireless links that are enhanced using adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) techniques. In particular, we consider a cross-layer protocol approach that modifies the behavior of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) using AMC techniques. An application of the proposed system for an IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) based Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN) is presented. The performance of the system has been studied using discrete event simulation models in ns2 and compared to TCP-Reno and TCP-Tahoe schemes. The results indicate that in our system, queueing delay and packet drops that result due to buffer overrun are minimized. We also show that our system achieves better throughput fairness when multiple flows share a bottle-necked access link.
On the measurement of economic capacity utilization for multi-product industries

Abstract This paper considers capacity utilization measures for the multi-product firm. The single–product dual measure of capacity utilization easily extends to the multi-product case. Three possible extensions of the single-product primal measure are considered. Although each has its limitations because of the restrictions embodied in it, each provides different, yet potentially useful information about capacity utilization in a multi-product industry. The dual and primal measures of multi-product capacity utilization are applied to the multi-species New England fishing industry to evaluate the potential for capacity expansion under a regulatory program of licence limitation.
Hypothenar hammer syndrome and basilic bypass

We report a case of hypothenar hammer syndrome. The case presents necessary diagnostic measures and discusses the etiology of this syndrome. Additionally, the case reviews treatments, which culminated in the eventual use of ulnar artery bypass with autogenous basilica vein to treat and resolve the ischemic fingers of the patient.
Vessel-wall imaging and quantification of flow-mediated dilation using water-selective 3D SSFP-echo

Background To introduce a new, efficient method for vessel-wall imaging of carotid and peripheral arteries by means of a flow-sensitive 3D water-selective SSFP-echo pulse sequence.
Electron spin coherence in (110) GaAs quantum well waveguides

We report frequency-resolved measurements of electron spin coherence in a (110) GaAs single quantum well waveguide inferred from the linewidth of an electromagnetically-induced resonance. With spectral resolution, asymmetry in the resonance lineshape is observed.
148Use of a Skin and Soft Tissue Protocol to Reduce Emergency Department use of Ertapenem in a 325 Bed Community Hospital

 The author of this presentation has the following to disclose concerning possible financial or personal relationships with commercial entities that may have direct or indirect interest in the subject matter of this presentation: Dustin Waters: Nothing to disclose Brittany Bryan: Nothing to disclose Background  Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are the 3rd most common presentation to the emergency department
Chapter 5: The Role of Time in Economics: Interest Rates, Compounding, and Discounting

This is Chapter 5 of Environmental Economics: An Integrated Approach. This chapter considers the role of time in economics and discusses why things in the future are worth less than things currently, given our preferences.
Two-Group Albedo Theory and Application to Temperature Coefficient Calculations

A two-group albedo theory is developed which seems to be valid for the calculation of temperature coefficients of nuclear reactors characterized by the PSR. Measurements of over-all coefficient for the PSR are in qualitative agreement with results calculated by the theory. Analysis under the present theory singles out the temperature variation of the ratio of the age to the thermal neutron diffusion length of the reflector as the primary contributor to a low temperature positive coefficient effect. The advantage of representing the criticality factor, k, by the two-group albedo theory is well illustrated by the endeavor of calculating the temperature coefficient. Under normal two-group multiregion treatment the critlcality factor never explicitly appears and therefore it is impossibie to obtain an explicit form of the variation of k with system parameters. The dissection of the nonleakage probability in the present theory is not unique, but it does lead to easy physical interpretation. (auth)
A Functional and Cohesive Treatment of Tourette’s Disorder and Chewing Tobacco Use:

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a function-based treatment that can be applied to multiple clinical concerns where psychological inflexibility is a mediating issue. This case study descr...
Inhibition Of Erythropoiesis By Iron Overload Is Mediated Through TGFβ Signaling

Several diseases, such as β-thalassemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, are characterized by iron overload and dysfunction erythropoiesis. Multiple retrospective studies suggest that iron overload is associated with increased disease burden and shortened survival in patients. It is general consensus that iron overload has an inhibitory effect on erythroid differentiation, but direct evidence is lacking and the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are incompletely understood. Excess iron is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that result in cellular damage. We hypothesized that iron overload leads to the stimulation of myelosuppressive pathways that result in decreased erythropoiesis and resulting cytopenias. We first evaluated the effect of exogenous iron on the growth of primary human CD34+ stem cells and demonstrated that iron overload leads to decreased erythroid colony formation in vitro . Furthermore, in our in vivo experiments, we administered a total of 130 mg iron dextran IP over 20 days to C57BL/6 mice and compared these mice with PBS injected age and gender matched controls (n=5/group). We demonstrate that iron injection results in fewer circulating reticulocytes (200 vs. 310 x 109 cells/L; P=0.001) and hemoglobin (13.8 vs. 15 g/dL; P=0.0004). Using anti-CD44 and TER119 as flow cytometric markers, our data reveals a reduction in bone marrow erythroid burden (total erythroid precursors 9.6 vs. 15.3% in controls; P=0.04) with a disproportionately greater effect on orthochromatophilic erythroblasts (4.4 vs. 6.9%; P=0.02). As expected, bone marrow-derived erythroid precursors from iron loaded mice have more ROS (MFI 1497 vs. 958; P=0.05) as measured by flow cytometry, again with a disproportionately greater effect on orthochromatophilic erythroblasts (MFI 671 vs. 403; P=0.01). No effect on cell cycle was observed. To evaluate the mechanism behind iron induced suppression of erythropoiesis, we conducted a functional screen with variety of cytokine inhibitors. We observed that a specific inhibitor of the TGFβ receptor I kinase led to reversal of iron induced suppression of erythroid colonies from primary CD34+ cells in vitro . The ability of TGFβ kinase inhibitor, LY-215, in reversing iron mediated suppression was confirmed in variety of hematopoietic cell lines, resulting in the inhibition of iron induced apoptosis in these cells. Taken together, our data demonstrates for the first time that iron overload has direct suppressive effects on erythropoiesis. These effects are reversed by specific inhibitors of the TGFβ receptor I kinase and thus provide a preclinical rationale for these inhibitors in anemias associated with iron overload. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Visiones De La Ruptura Del Imperio Espanol (Perspectives on the Breakdown of the Spanish Empire)

Este articulo proporciona una vision general de las causas y consecuencias de la disolucion de la imperio espanol c. 1800.This article provides an overview of the causes and consequences of the dissolution of the Spanish empire c. 1800.
Stunting syndrome in turkey poults: isolation and identification of the etiologic agent.

high morbidity including reduced growth, impaired feed efficiency, and diarrhea. The etiologic agent of this disease has not been previously reported. The objectives of the present study were to identify, isolate, and purify the etiologic agent of SS. Day-old poults were orally inoculated with a SS-inducing inoculum. The intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were isolated on the fourth day postinoculation. The IECs were lysed and filtered through 0.2, 0.1-, and 0.02-[xm filters. The cell lysate filtrate (0.1 $zm) was subjected to density gradient ultracentrifugation. Intact IECs, filtrates from IECs (0.2, 0.1, and 0.02 Izm), and IEC lysate fractions from gradients (FRG) were used as inocula to infect day-old turkey poults. The weight gain, jejunal maltase activity, and gross intestinal lesions were used as the parameters of evaluation. Weight gain and maltase activity were reduced (P - 0.001) by the isolated IECs, 0.2 and 0.1 ,um filtrates, and FRG when compared with corresponding controls. IEC lysate filtrate (0.1 Rm) and FRG were examined under transmission electron microscope (EM). Enveloped, pleomorphic particles varying in size from 60 to 95 nm were observed and termed stunting syndrome agent (SSA). Primary cultures of turkey IECs were used to further isolate and propagate the SSA. Following the fifth passage in the turkey IECs, the cell lysate induced SS in day-old poults. SSA particles were observed under EM after the fifth passage. The results of this study provide evidence that a viral agent has been isolated and identified from IECs of SS-infected poults and is the etiologic agent of SS.
α-Tocopherol-loaded Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles as a heat-activated oxygen scavenger.

A nanoencapsulation technique was applied to an oxygen-scavenging system, and thermal processing was investigated as an activator to trigger the oxygen-scavenging reaction. α-Tocopherol-loaded poly...
Formation Mechanism of the '8·13' Catastrophic Debris Flow in Sichuan and the Principles of Controlling

The heavy rainfall from August 12 to 14th,2010 led to a large area of debris flow in the serious quake-hit of the '5·12' Wenchuan earthquake such as Yingxiu Town,Longchi Town and Qingping Township.It caused the serious damage.According to the common characteristics of the three typical debris flows which happened on 13th,August,exploring the formation mechanism of debris flow in earthquake-hit area has great meaning for the controlling and disaster early warning about the debris flow.This paper first introduces the basic condition and the geological environment condition about the typical debris flows in the hardest hit Yingxiu,Longchi,Qingping Township.It also explores the distribution,the formation mechanism and the performance pattern of the debris flow.First,this debris flow is mainly distributed in the vicinity of fault with the zonal distribution.Second,they are the trenches of debris flow before the earthquake.Third,the stability of the slope in the trench is poor.And on the effect of the '5·12' Wenchuan earthquake,the conditions got worse,there are more things going into the trench,which form large or small blockage.During the rainfall,the surface runoff forms the pattern of debris flow which can ditch block storage and burst of energy dissipation.When the blocking body bursts,the water runs with the sand,the pumping groove and they enhance the formation of large,sudden landslides.According to the characteristics and the mechanisms of debris flow,this paper concludes the controlling principles of earthquake debris flow.First,the comprehensive measures of controlling the gully and slope should be combined.Second,project implementation and their functions maintenance should be combined.Third,the disaster controlling of projects and the construction should be combined.We can also say that we should combine the controlling of the debris flow with the project of the slope controlling and the road reinforcement about the groove side.Fourth,the debris flow monitoring and warning should also be arranged in the potential of the plug body on the downstream side.
Range Overlap Drives Chromosome Inversion Fixation in Passerine Birds

Chromosome inversions evolve frequently but the reasons why remain largely enigmatic. I used cytological descriptions of 410 species of passerine birds (order Passeriformes) to identify pericentric inversion differences between species. Using a new fossil-calibrated phylogeny I examine the phylogenetic, demographic, and genomic context in which these inversions have evolved. The number of inversion differences between closely related species was highly variable yet consistently predicted by a single factor: whether the ranges of species overlapped. This observation holds even when the analysis is restricted to sympatric sister pairs known to hybridize, and which have divergence times estimated similar to allopatric pairs. Inversions were significantly more likely to have fixed on a sex chromosome than an autosome yet variable mutagenic input alone (by chromosome size, map length, GC content, or repeat density) cannot explain the differences between chromosomes in the number of inversions fixed. Together, these results support a model in which inversions in passerines are adaptive and spread by selection when gene flow occurs before reproductive isolation is complete.
Exploration of Personalized Information Search Services

This paper based on the present situation of information search service for analysis,got a conclusion that the importance of accurate search results,and analyzes the cause affect the accuracy of the search result.And explore the information service of personalized search.To join in the compound key words after potential keywords as the search goal.The in-depth analyses of the web site in the search after the object under way,which can help improve the accuracy of search results effectively.At the end of the paper,it puts forward searching personalized information service problems,and solutions.
Neuropathological and Neuropsychological Changes in Alzheimer’s Disease: Relationship of Biologic Markers to Behavioral Markers

Alzheimer’s disease is the fourth most common cause of death in the United States, and is the leading cause of functional disability in the elderly. This article analyzes the pathologic validity of mental status tests and the biochemistry of Alzheimer’s disease patients.
Quantitation of nerve fibers in habenula perforata in chinchilla

OBJECTIVE To examine the number of nerve fibers in the habenula perforata of the cochlea in normal and carboplatin-treated chinchillas. METHODS Three months following administration of carboplatin (100 mg/kg x 2), six carboplatin-treated animals, together with 6 controls, were sacrificed, prepared for semi-thin sectioning of the cochlea. The sections were stained with toluidine blue and basic fuchsin, examined under a light microscope and photographed. RESULTS In normal chinchillas, the numbers of the nerve fibers in each habenula opening varied across the cochlea, with 93.7 +/- 12.2(mean +/- s) fibers at the hook, 181.5 +/- 30.4 at the upper of basal turn, 129.7 +/- 27.8 at the second turn and 75.8 +/- 13.2 at the apical turn. In cochlear devoid of type I ganglion cells and inner hair cells as a result of carboplatin treatment, only one-seventh of the fiber population remained. CONCLUSION Approximately six-seventh of the nerve fibers in the habenula are type I afferent axons that innervate the inner hair cells. The remaining fibers are type II afferents and surviving efferents.
Incidence of Arterial and Venous Thrombosis in Vonwillebrand Disease

Abstract Abstract 101 Objective: To date, only a few case studies have reported occurrence of thrombosis in patients with VonWillebrand disease (VWD). No studies have looked at its incidence in this patient population. The aim of this study was to test our hypothesis that decreased VonWillebrand factor (VWF) levels confer a protective effect on arterial and venous thrombosis. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study including patients (n = 350) with the ICD-9 code of VonWillebrand disease who were identified from our hospital database over a period of 25 years (Jan 1985 – Dec 2010). An extensive review of the patients’ medical records was carried out to authenticate VonWillebrand disease, after which 198 patients were included in the analysis. A random parallel control sample without VonWillebrand disease matched for age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation and diabetes mellitus was also obtained from the hospital database. The primary outcomes were incidence of diagnosis of symptomatic arterial thrombosis [Cardiovascular events (CAD): Unstable angina, Q wave and non Q wave Myocardial infarction; Cerebrovascular events (CVD): stroke and transient ischemic attack] and venous thrombosis [deep vein (DVT), cerebral vein, portal vein, renal vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE)]. The results were computed using multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis and proportions were compared using McNemer’sChi – square test. Results: Out of 198 patients (mean age 44.2 ± 17.5, women 72%) with VWD, the incidence of arterial and venous thrombosis is reported in table 1 .VWD was found to be an independent protective predictor from arterial thrombosis (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.14 – 0.54, p Conclusion: In a population of relatively younger individuals with VonWillebrand disease, our study suggests a reduced incidence of arterial thrombosis but not in venous thrombosis. This brings up the possibility that there are could be other pathways or factors involved in arterial and venous thrombosis. To our knowledge, this is the first large observational study that has provided insight into the thrombotic disease in this group of patients. Table 1: . Incidence rate of thrombosis. Type of Thrombosis Cases (%) Controls (%) p-value CAD 8/198 (4%) 26/198 (13%) 0.001 CVD 5/198 (2.5%) 17/198 (8.5%) 0.009 DVT 5/198 (2.5%) 8/198 (4%) 0.41 PE 2/198 (1%) 4/198 (2%) 0.42 Abbreviations; CAD, Coronary Artery Disease; CVD, Cerebrovascular Disease; DVT, Deep venous thrombosis; PE, Pulmonary Embolism Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Running Out of Water! Developing a Message Typology and Evaluating Message Effects on Attitude Toward Water Conservation

ABSTRACTIn three phases, this study identifies and evaluates the major messages being used in communication campaigns focused on the ongoing drought in California. A literature review in Phase 1 resulted in a typology of 12 message strategies. Following this typology, trained coders in Phase 2 evaluated water conservation messages (N = 100) to determine whether each message utilized one or multiple strategies. The results revealed various frequencies of strategy application; and a correlational analysis rendered a pattern of strategy use in combinations. Phase 3 focused on a controlled message experiment applying the three most relevant strategies: conservation tips, loss aversion, and evidence of drought. Analysing data sampled from California residents (N = 180), conservation messages, regardless of the strategy, led to attitude change in a negative direction. Additional analyses revealed interesting patterns of combinatorial strategy effects. The results call for a re-examination of message strategies ...
Echoes of Student Learning Modes in the Learning Processes of STEM Faculty: The LASSI Provides Themes for Faculty Development.

This research documents educator responses while learning and implementing a new pedagogy. In our analysis of our own written reflections, we found the ten LASSI scales, normally used to look at st...
A 2GS/s 8b flash ADC based on remainder number system in 65nm CMOS

A non-interleaved 2GS/s, 8b flash ADC achieves an effective resolution bandwidth (ERBW) of 1.74 GHz using a remainder number system (RNS) architecture, which results in reduced number of comparators while preserving the flash speed of the converter. The prototype ADC, fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process with an area of 0.08 mm2, achieves an SNDR of 40.7 dB for a Nyquist input. The measured DNL and INL are ±0.14 and ±0.61 LSBs, respectively.
Environmental Self-making and the Urbanism of Ann Radcliffe’s Udolpho

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the overlooked significance of urban life to first-wave Gothic fiction and the work of Ann Radcliffe in particular. Despite its various remote settings, Radcliffe’s exemplary Gothic novel, The Mysteries of Udolpho, reveals a pervasive concern with urban influence on mental life, one based on medical, educational, and travel writing of the era. Rather than denounce urban influence as mere dissipation, however, Radcliffe portrays the city as a necessary catalyst for the sensibility and subjectivity her novel champions. In turn and at large, Radcliffe puts forth a view of human development at once deterministic and self-determined, wherein human habitats can be manipulated, selected, and otherwise negotiated for the purpose of self-shaping.
Technology valued? Observation and review activities to enhance future teachers’ utility value toward technology integration

Abstract This study examined the influence of observation of technology demonstrations and review of relevant text resources on the utility values of mobile and social networking tools that preservice teachers recognize in their reflections. Eighty-two preservice teachers from a mid-Atlantic university participated in the study. The findings revealed that the kinds of utility values identified varied depending on the sequence of observation and review activities, participants' expectancy for successful teaching (low and high), and their grade level focus (elementary and secondary). Discussion offered insights into how the activity sequence, expectancy for successful teaching with technology, and grade level might influence future teachers’ likelihood to value technologies.
Dynamic sensor fusion using local topology

Data fusion algorithms exploit multiple, independent sensors to obtain improved estimates of the state of a system. Recent progress in sheaf theory has yielded a general approach for translating data fusion problems into optimization problems. This article demonstrates that solving these optimization problems is practical and results in improved data fusion performance over state-of-the-art methods.
Novel Approaches to Broadband Transducer Design

Historically in the development of transducer technology, much emphasis has been placed upon advanced linear and annular arrays with little effort directed toward designing more efficient, broadband, single-element transducers, which are employed in most field applications. Southwest Research Institute funded an internal research project to investigate three novel approaches to efficient broadband transducer design: polarization control (1), pulse-shape control (2), and back-face concavity control (3).
Design and Implementation of PV MPPT Controller based on Modified P&O Algorithm using FPGA for Satellite Systems

A proposal of Maximum_peak_Power_Tracker (MPPT) controller for photo-voltaic (PV) satellite using Partially modified perturb-and-observe (P&O) technique and FPGA implementation is executed and introduced An enhanced high frequency variable -step -size P&O algorithm is accomplished with fully well programed using a hardware description language (VHDL). Thereafter, an amended MPPT algorithm is implemented on "Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA Starter Kit" FPGA. Simulation and Experimental results are executed and exhibited that the proposed algorithm overcome the disadvantages of the conventional algorithm that can be summarized into tracking speed, reduction of output power oscillation in steady state operation and significant deviation of voltage and power due to sudden change in solar insolation.
Alexander of Hales on Panentheism

Panentheism is among the most influential variations on classical theism found within nineteenth and twentieth century theology, a prominent perspective in the recent religion and science dialogue (especially in the literature on quantum physics and special divine action), and is increasing in prominence within analytic philosophy of religion. Existing works on the history of panentheism understandably focus primarily on proponents of the view (in its different versions) and their arguments in its favor. Less attention has been given to the history of arguments against it, and in particular little has been written on mediaeval Scholastic critiques. Here, I summarize the criticisms leveled by an important (but understudied) thirteenth-century Franciscan, Alexander of Hales. I also assess the enduring value of his critique, arguing that it helps bring to the fore the importance of panentheism’s link with a further metaphysical debate: that between spacetime relationism versus substantivalism.
Distributed recursive testing of composite hypothesis in multi-agent networks

This chapter considers the problem of recursive composite hypothesis testing in a network of sparsely connected agents. In classical centralized composite hypothesis testing, procedures such as the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), i.e., the detection procedure which uses the underlying parameter estimate based on all the collected samples as a plug-in estimate, may exhibit poor performance until a reasonably accurate parameter estimate (typically the maximum likelihood estimate of the underlying parameter/state) is obtained. Usually in setups that employ the classical (centralized) GLRTs, the data-collection phase precedes the parameter estimation and detection statistic update phase, thus rendering the testing an essentially offline batch procedure. The motivation behind studying distributed recursive online detection algorithms in contrast to offline batch processing based detection algorithms is that in most multi-agent networked scenarios, which are typically energy constrained, the priority is to obtain reasonable inference performance by expending fewer amount of resources.
Middle School Teachers’ Concerns for Implementing the Principles of SWPBIS

Following a review of the literature to identify core principles of schoolwide positive behavior interventions and supports (SWPBIS), this study employed coding methods to examine teacher concerns ...
Fast Radio Bursts Not Made By Neutron Stars

Popular models of repeating Fast Radio Bursts (and perhaps of all Fast Radio Bursts) involve neutron stars because they may have high rotational or magnetostatic energy densities available to power energetic bursts. These models take two forms: giant but rare pulsar-like pulses like those of Rotating RAdio Transients and outbursts like those of Soft Gamma Repeaters. Here I collate the evidence, recently strengthened, against these models.
Form and Meaning in Avant-Garde Collage and Montage

This book uses intermedial theories to study collage and montage, tracing the transformation of visual collage into photomontage in the early avant-garde period. Magda Dragu distinguishes between the concepts of collage and montage, as defined across several media (fine arts, literature, music, film, photography), based on the type of artistic meaning they generate, rather than the mechanical procedures involved. The book applies theories of intermediality to collage and montage, which is crucial for understanding collage as a form of cultural production. Throughout, the author considers the political implications, as collages and montages were often used for propagandistic purposes. This book combines research methods used in several areas of inquiry: art history, literary criticism, analytical philosophy, musicology, and aesthetics.
Supporting sexual and gender minority health: Research priorities from mental health professionals.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people experience significant disparities in mental health and substances use disorders. This study reached out to mental health professionals (MHPs) who treat SGM ...
Platelet aggregometry testing during aspirin or clopidogrel treatment and measurement of clopidogrel metabolite concentrations in dogs with protein‐losing nephropathy

Background Dogs with protein-losing nephropathy (PLN) are treated with antiplatelet drugs for thromboprophylaxis but no standardized method exists to measure drug response. It is also unknown if clopidogrel metabolite concentrations [CM] differ between healthy and PLN dogs. Objectives Assess response to aspirin or clopidogrel in PLN dogs using platelet aggregometry (PA) and compare [CM] between healthy and PLN dogs. Animals Six healthy and 14 PLN dogs. Methods Platelet aggregometry using adenosine diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), and saline was performed in healthy dogs at baseline and 1-week postclopidogrel administration to identify responders or nonresponders. A decrease of ≥60% for ADP or ≥30% for AA at 1 or 3 hours postpill was used to define a responder. At 1 and 3 hours postclopidogrel, [CM] and PA were measured in healthy and PLN dogs. Platelet aggregometry was performed in PLN dogs at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 weeks after clopidogrel or aspirin administration. Results In PLN dogs receiving clopidogrel, PA differed from baseline at all time points for ADP but not for AA at any time point. Most dogs responded at 1 or both time points except for 1 dog that showed no response. For PLN dogs receiving aspirin, no differences from baseline were observed at any time point for either ADP or AA. No differences in [CM] were found at either time point between healthy and PLN dogs. Conclusions and clinical importance Platelet aggregometry may represent an objective method to evaluate response to clopidogrel or aspirin treatment and PLN dogs appear to metabolize clopidogrel similarly to healthy dogs.
Bother Associated With Climacturia After Radical Prostatectomy: Prevalence and Predictors.

Abstract Introduction Orgasm-associated incontinence, climacturia, is one of the lesser studied radical prostatectomy (RP) complications. Little is known about patient bother related to this condition, specifically, its prevalence and predictors. Aim To ascertain the prevalence and predictors of patient bother associated with climacturia. Methods Patients presenting for the evaluation of sexual dysfunction after RP at a single center were queried on various domains of sexual dysfunction. This included orgasmic dysfunction and sexual incontinence (including climacturia and arousal incontinence). Patients were specifically asked about the frequency and amount of climacturia. In addition, questions addressed patient bother and the perceived bother of their partners. Descriptive statistics were used for patient characteristics. A t-test was used for comparing the frequency of patient and partner bother, and the Pearson correlation test compared relationships between bother and predictors. Multivariable analysis was conducted to define predictors of climacturia-associated bother. Main Outcome Measure The main outcome measures was the prevalence and predictors of climacturia-associated patient bother and perceived partner bother. Results Climacturia was reported by 23% of 3,207 consecutive men analyzed. Bother of any degree was experienced by 45% of these patients, and 14% reported partner bother related to this condition. Patient bother was associated with perceived partner bother (P Clinical Implications Given the prevalence of this condition and the bother associated with it, this complication should be discussed with patients preoperatively. Strength & Limitations Strengths include a large study population and specific questions on climacturia-associated bother. Limitations include the fact that it is a single-center study and no direct partner questioning occurred. Conclusion Climacturia and its associated bother are common after RP. The predictors of patient bother include perceived partner bother, shorter relationship duration, and increasing frequency and quantity of climacturia. Salter CA, Bach PV, Miranda E, et al. Bother Associated With Climacturia After Radical Prostatectomy: Prevalence and Predictors. J Sex Med 2020;17:731–736.
On Designing Probabilistic Supports to Map the Entropy Region

The boundary of the entropy region has been shown to determine fundamental inequalities and limits in key problems in network coding, streaming, distributed storage, and coded caching. The unknown part of this boundary requires nonlinear constructions, which can, in turn, be parameterized by the support of their underlying probability distributions. Recognizing that the terms in entropy are submodular enables the design of such supports to maximally push out towards this boundary.
The World IT Project Global Issues in Information Technology: by Palvia, Prashant, Ghosh, Jaideep, Jacks, Tim, Serenko, Alexander, and Turan, Aykut Hamit, Singapore, World Scientific Publishing, 2020, 552 pp., $168 (hardcover), ISBN 978-981-120-863-8

The groundbreaking book “The World IT Project: Global Issues in Information Technology” is based on the World IT (Information Technology) project. This is an unprecedented project that includes dat...
Antimicrobial resistant gene prevalence in soils due to animal manure deposition and long-term pasture management.

The persistence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) genes in the soil-environment is a concern, yet practices that mitigate AMR are poorly understood, especially in grasslands. Animal manures are widely deposited on grasslands, which are the largest agricultural land-use in the United States. These nutrient-rich manures may contain AMR genes. The aim of this study was to enumerate AMR genes in grassland soils following 14-years of poultry litter and cattle manure deposition and evaluate if best management practices (rotationally grazed with a riparian (RBR) area and a fenced riparian buffer strip (RBS), which excluded cattle grazing and poultry litter applications) relative to standard pasture management (continuously grazed (CG) and hayed (H)) minimize the presence and amount of AMR genes. Quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) was performed to enumerate four AMR genes (ermB, sulI, intlI, and blactx-m-32 ) in soil, cattle manure, and poultry litter environments. Six soil samples were additionally subjected to metagenomic sequencing and resistance genes were identified from assembled sequences. Following 14-years of continuous management, ermB, sulI, and intlI genes in soil were greatest (P < 0.05) in samples collected under long-term continuous grazing (relative to conservation best management practices), under suggesting overgrazing and continuous cattle manure deposition may increase AMR gene presence. In general, AMR gene prevalence increased downslope, suggesting potential lateral movement and accumulation based on landscape position. Poultry litter had lower abundance of AMR genes (ermB, sulI, and intlI) relative to cattle manure. Long-term applications of poultry litter increased the abundance of sulI and intlI genes in soil (P < 0.05). Similarly, metagenomic shotgun sequencing revealed a greater total number of AMR genes under long-term CG, while fewer AMR genes were found in H (no cattle manure) and RBS (no animal manure or poultry litter). Results indicate long-term conservation pasture management practices (e.g., RBS and RBR) and select animal manure (poultry litter inputs) may minimize the presence and abundance of AMR genes in grassland soils.
Outcomes of Concurrent Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and Rhinoplasty: A Meta-analysis.

IntroductionChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and functional nasal airway obstruction are common but distinct medical problems which affect quality of life. In certain instances, patients often benefit ...
Coupling-Independent Real-Time Wireless Resistive Sensing Through Nonlinear P T Symmetry

We report the realization of coupling-independent, robust wireless sensing of fully passive resistive sensors. $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric operation obviates sweeping, permitting real-time, single-point sensing. Self-oscillation is achieved through a fast-settling nonlinearity whose voltage amplitude is proportional to the sensor's resistance. These advances markedly simplify the reader. A dual time-scale theoretical framework generalizes system analysis to arbitrary operating conditions and a correction strategy reduces errors due to detuning from $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric conditions by an order of magnitude.
Cancer prevention as biomodulation: targeting the initiating stimulus and secondary adaptations

In a medical sense, biomodulation could be considered a biochemical or cellular response to a disease or therapeutic stimulus. In cancer pathophysiology, the initial oncogenic stimulus leads to cellular and biochemical changes that allow cells, tissue, and organism to accommodate and accept the oncogenic insult. In epithelial cell cancer development, the process of carcinogenesis is frequently characterized by sequential cellular and biochemical adaptations as cells transition through hyperplasia, dysplasia, atypical dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive cancer. In some cases, the adaptations may persist after the initial oncogenic stimulus is gone in a type of “hit-and-run” oncogenesis. These pathophysiological changes may interfere with cancer prevention therapies targeted solely to the initial oncogenic insult, perhaps contributing to resistance development. Characterization of these accommodating adaptations could provide insight for the development of cancer preventive regimens that might more effectively biomodulate preneoplastic cells toward a more normal state.
Time-Reversal Invariance and the Relation between Wave Chaos and Classical Chaos

Many imaging techniques depend on the fact that the waves used for imaging are invariant for time reversal. The physical reason for this is that in imaging one propagates the recorded waves backward in time to the place and time when the waves interacted with the medium. In this chapter, the invariance for time reversal is shown for Newton’s law, Maxwell’s equations, the Schrodinger equation and the equations of fluid mechanics. The invariance for time reversal can be used as a diagnostic tool to study the stability of the temporal evolution of systems. This is used to study the relation between classical chaos and wave chaos, which also has implications for quantum chaos. The main conclusion is that in classical chaos perturbations in the system grow exponentially in time [exp(μt)], whereas for the corresponding wave system perturbations grow at a much smaller rate algebraically with time (√t).
A Need to Know - The Role of Air Force Reconnaissance in War Planning 1945-1953

Abstract : On 1 April 2001, a U.S. Navy EP-3 Aries II surveillance aircraft collided with a People's Liberation Army Air Force J-8 fighter plane that resulted in the loss of the Chinese pilot and an emergency landing on Hainan Island by the Navy plane. The Chinese government's 11-day internment of the Navy flight crew shocked and amazed the American public. The ensuing diplomatic crisis and war of words reminded many of similar incidents from the supposedly defunct Cold War. It also focused world attention upon a still little known but highly significant aspect of the Cold War -- strategic aerial reconnaissance. The term refers to the use of aircraft to collect strategic intelligence using photographic or electronic means. According to the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), strategic intelligence refers to intelligence that is required for the formation of policy and military plans at national and international levels. Strategic intelligence includes information provided by sources other than aircraft, including naval vessels, ground communications intercept sites, satellites, published literature, defectors, and spies. But because Air Force aircraft provided the bulk of information used by American war plans from 1945 to 1953, this book focuses on the origins of the USAF strategic aerial reconnaissance. Although official JCS publications did not specifically list strategic aerial reconnaissance, the term may be defined as the use of aircraft to gather information necessary to conduct strategic air war, also called strategic air bombardment. At the core of the topic, recently declassified JCS emergency war plans indicate that a strategic air bombardment campaign formed the heart of American military strategy from the end of World War II to the Korean conflict. A question still remains: Did reconnaissance aircraft merely serve as a tool of war planners, or did strategic reconnaissance actually shape military strategy?
The value of intravenous urography prior to abdominal hysterectomy for gynecologic disease.

Abstract Negligence and failure to “test timely” are the two most common charges in obstetric and gynecologic malpractice suits. Both charges are often made in cases involving urinary tract injury during gynecologic surgery. These injuries occur most commonly during abdominal hysterectomy. This report is a 6 year study of 170 consecutive abdominal hysterectomies to ascertain the value of routine preoperative urography in preventing urinary tract injuries. As a control, 260 consecutive abdominal hysterectomies were performed without preoperative urography. There was one ureteral transection in the control group, but unrecognized urinary tract injuries did not occur in either the study or control group. The risks, costs, and benefits of urography are analyzed.
Abell 41, A Cataclysmic Variable Progenitor

The central star of the planetary nebula Abell 41 has been found to be a detached binary star system with a period of 2 hours 43 minutes. Photometric observations which support this conclusion were carried out at Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO), Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), and Louisiana State University (LSU) Observatory.
Time-resolved X-ray scattering and material dynamics

Summary form only given. Short-pulse laser illumination can induce rapid changes in the structure of a solid. High-speed X-ray scattering techniques can be used to study the resulting dynamics in such "warmed" materials on the picosecond timescale. I will discuss our new technologies and results of recent experiments.
Chapter 4.2 What animals remember about past events: an ethological approach

Publisher Summary This chapter presents an overview on ethological approach. It illustrates that ethologically designed tasks is especially good at detecting genetic variance relevant for fitness, and therefore facilitates the study of genetic mechanisms underlying the behavioral phenomena of interest. The chapter describes a series of experiments on the memory capabilities of food-caching birds to illustrate how an ethological approach can help in understanding hippocampal function, and more generally the learning and memory capabilities of animals. In addition, the chapter describes the results of recent experiments which demonstrate that food-storing scrub jays, Aphelocoma coerulescens, can remember what they cached where and when based on a single caching episode, and in a way that cannot be explained by relative familiarity. In fact the food-caching paradigm serves as a striking example of how an understanding of the species and its natural history can be employed to develop novel approaches to the study of episodic memory in animals. One of the strengths of this ethological approach is that the tests can be designed to tap into the natural talents of the animal. Another advantage is that these studies can be conducted in the laboratory but capitalize on species-specific memory capabilities whose ethological relevance is known, thereby achieving rigorous laboratory control yet maintaining ethological validity.
Low-grade gliomas as neurodevelopmental disorders: insights from mouse models of neurofibromatosis-1

M. Thangarajh and D. H. Gutmann (2012) Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology38, 241–253 Low-grade gliomas as neurodevelopmental disorders: insights from mouse models of neurofibromatosis-1 Over the past few years, the traditional view of brain tumorigenesis has been revolutionized by advances in genomic medicine, molecular biology, stem cell biology and genetically engineered small-animal modelling. We now appreciate that paediatric brain tumours arise following specific genetic mutations in specialized groups of progenitor cells in concert with permissive changes in the local tumour microenvironment. This interplay between preneoplastic/neoplastic cells and non-neoplastic stromal cells is nicely illustrated by the neurofibromatosis type 1-inherited cancer syndrome, in which affected children develop low-grade astrocytic gliomas. In this review, we will use neurofibromatosis type 1 as a model system to highlight the critical role of growth control pathways, non-neoplastic cellular elements and brain region-specific properties in the development of childhood gliomas. The insights derived from examining each of these contributing factors will be instructive in the design of new therapies for gliomas in the paediatric population.