cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
THE HEART RATE DURING TILT IS LOWER IN PATIENTS WITH VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE AND POSITIVE TILT TABLE TEST WHEN COMPARED TO PATIENTS WITH VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE AND NEGATIVE TILT TABLE TEST WITH NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGE THE BAROREFLEX

Patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) and positive tilt table test (TTT) were not found to benefit from pacing in the ISSUE-3 trial despite the presence of spontaneous asystole during monitoring. “Hypotensive susceptibility” unmasked by TTT was reported as a possible explanation. It is unclear
A Black Presidential Candidate in 1984: More of the Same

forth--has actually widened over the last decade or so. Since black leaders have traditionally argued that political participation is the key to black socioeconomic advancement, it is not surprising that the obvious stagnation in the socioeconomic position of blacks would lead to a search for new and more effective forms of black political participation. The idea of a black candidate for the 1984 presidential nomination is part of that search. It is, of course, not a new idea and its potential effectiveness remains to be determined.
Urban Spatial Transformation: Philadelphia, 1850 to 1880, Heterogeneity to Homogeneity?

The study of the socioeconomic differentiation of urban residential patterns has occupied generations of social scientists. Sociologists, economists, and political scientists adduce a strong relationship between residential patterns and human behavior. Moreover, the residential patterns established early in the city’s development are also believed to influence the evolution of future social and spatial organization (Hurd, 1903; Hoyt, 1939; Hoover and Vernon, 1959). Economists and political scientists have been preoccupied with the rapid suburbanization of the urban population since the end of World War II and the fragmentation of the metropolitan area into independent political jurisdictions (ACIR, 1965; Margolis, 1961; Oates, 1971; Tiebout, 1956; Pack and Pack, 1978).
Spatiotemporal Temperature and Cell Viability Measurement Following Laser Therapy in Combination With Carbon Nanohorns

Cancer remains one of the most deadly diseases today. Laser-induced photothermal therapy can provide a minimally invasive treatment alternative to surgical resection. The selectivity and effectiveness of laser therapy can be greatly enhanced when photoabsorbing nanoparticles such as nanoshells, single walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, or single wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) are introduced into the tissue. Prior studies have effectively used SWNHs combined with near infrared (NIR) laser light to target and destroy microbes [1]. We have previously reported increased tumor cell destruction when SWNHs were used in combination with laser therapy. The present work provides more extensive characterization of cell viability in response to laser therapy alone or in combination with SWNHs. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal temperature and cell viability in vitro in response to combinatorial SWNH-mediated laser therapies is determined using infrared thermometry and a novel viability algorithm, respectively. These new measurements will be critical for planning SWNH-mediated laser treatments where knowledge of the geometric distribution of temperature and cell death are critical to achieving the goal of selectively eliminating a tumor with specific spatial margins with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue.© 2010 ASME
Biology and Dehydrogenase Activities of the Fat Body of Late Instar American Cockroaches (Periplaneta Americana)

Spectrophotometric assay of reduced phosphopyridine nucleotides, made at several intervals between sucessive molts, showed that peak activities of malic dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in the fat body occurred 4 to 8 days after molting. The maxima were 4 to 10 times the minima, indicating the advantage of using insects of known age when comparing populations. In males the durations of the last two instars were 18 and 26 days, respectively; females molted 1 to 3 days earlier. The differences between sexes and instars were highly significant.
Relationship between Industrialization of Organic Rice and Application of Wild Rice Germplasm Resources

The yield of organic rice production was singnificantly lower than that of common rice at present.The relationship between industrialization of organic rice and application of excellent wild rice germplasm was discused in this paper.The status quo of the use of wild rice excellent genes,the current problems and the methods to resolve the problems were also analyzed.Application of superior genes of wild rice could improve organic rice resistant to diseases and insect pests,resistance to cold,drought resistance,poor,and improve the photosynthetic efficiency in the process of organic rice breeding.
Monitoring and analysis of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Dejiang County from 2006 to 2011

Objective To understand and master the incidence and epidemiological feature of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Dejiang County, and then to provide scientific basis for making work strategy of the prevention and control of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. Methods The epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis cases reported in Dejiang from 2006 to 2011 was conducted through case survey, follow-up investigation and monitoring work, the reported cases were examined by laboratory testing with serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid. Results (1) Between 2006 and 2011, a total of 10 cases of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis were reported in Dejiang County. The average incidence was 0.31/100 000, and the case fatality rate was 40%. The cases began in February to June, but the fastigium was in February, March and April, accounting for 80.0% of the total number of cases. Age of onset was under the age of 16, the incidence on 0 to 6 years old preschool children accounted for 60% of the total number of cases, men and women ratio was 2.23∶1. (2) Serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid sample collected from every epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis case, its laboratory diagnosis rate was 10.0%. (3) 80% cases had no history of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine or vaccination history was unknown. Occupational distribution showed a concentration of cases in scattered crowd (40%). The number of cases in qinglong town was the most with 6 cases (60%). Conclusion The peak onset of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis is in February, March and April in Dejiang County, and it has obvious seasonality. Qinglong Town belong to Dejiang County, it has dense population, high incidence and obvious territoriality. The age of onset is under the age of 16, and children under the age of 6 have a higher incidence. We should strengthen comprehensive measures based epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccination, and it can provide scientific basis for the prevention and control work of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in future of Dejiang County.
Writing about class and race differences and similarities in early childhood mathematics: The case of one monograph:

This article reports on a literature review of 49 articles that cited a single monograph written in 1981 about early learning in mathematics to make claims of similarity or difference across lines ...
Prolonged epicardial mapping of myocardial infarction: The effects of propranolol and intra-aortic balloon pumping following coronary artery occlusion

A method of prolonged epicardial surface mapping of myocardial infarction by serial epicardial ECG's is described. The progression of infarction following coronary artery ligation in dogs was monitored over a 4 day period and the early and late changes in the configuration of the epicardial ECG's associated with the underlying myocardial injury were defined. The determination of the infant size by surface mapping in vivo correlated accurately with the final infant size determined by dehydrogenase staining in vitro. Treatment with propranolol resulted in a significant reduction in the infarct size. Treatment with intra-aortic balloon pumping did not alter the size of the myocardial infarction induced in this experimental model.
Amaurosis Fugax Due to Pleomorphic Sarcoma in the Left Atrium

Abstract Purpose This report describes a case of amaurosis fugax due to a rare primary cardiac sarcoma. Observations A patient who was recently diagnosed with left atrial pleomorphic sarcoma presented with a chief complaint of multiple episodes of intermittent vision loss in the right eye during the course of radiation therapy. Conclusions and importance The authors postulate emboli from the left atrial sarcoma entered systemic circulation and subsequently caused brief episodes of transient occlusion to retinal, ophthalmic and/or ciliary arteries leading to momentary retinal hypoxia. We believe this is a novel finding, previously unreported in the literature, of transient embolic occlusion without permanent visual sequelae due to a malignant primary cardiac pleomorphic sarcoma.
Abstract 1505: Radiogenomics defines key genomic network driving GBM invasion

Proceedings: AACR 107th Annual Meeting 2016; April 16-20, 2016; New Orleans, LA PURPOSE Clinical care and outcome in Glioblastoma (GBM) remains challenging due to the tumor's invasive grwoth. To establish personalized treatment options in GBM, discovery of genetic mechanisms essential for the tumor's invasion is needed. We have previously described radiogenomic approaches to diagnose gene networks non invasively by analyzing genomic data from TCGA. The purpose of the current reseach is to identify a genetic network that drives GBM invasion and can be targeted specifically. METHOD AND MATERIALS Using Kaplan-Meier statistics, the data of the two independent databases TCGA and REMBRANDT were used to validate the genetic netowork's impact on clinical outcome. The genes’ staus was assessed in a panel of human glioma stem cells (GSCs) and conventional proneural, classical and mesenchymal GBM cell lines using RT-PCR. Differentiation potential (Tuj1+ve, S100A+ve, and GFAP+ve), self-renewal (limiting dilution assays), invasion (Boyden chamber) and proliferation (BrdU) were assessed. Gain (lentiviral vectors) and loss (SMARTchoice Inducible shRNA) of function experiments were performed. Orthotopic xenograft models (nude mice) were used to characterize the genes impact in vivo. Potential FDA approved therapeutics were identified using connectivity map. RESULTS Texture analysis based on radiogenomics significantly predicted the genes responsible for invasion of GBM in a non-invasive manner. Invasion in both, in vitro and in vivo was significantly decreased upun downregulation of this gene network. Transcriptome micro-array analysis showed that an upregulation of the described genes results in class switching from proneural to mesenchymal sub-types. Cmap derived therapeutics could significantly inhibit the gene network's activitiy and hence invasion. CONCLUSION The describend genes could be essential drivers of molecular subtypes and invasion in GBM. The therapeutics defined with cmap offer a targetted therapy to adress these key features of GBM pathogenesis. Noninvasive radiogenomics-based identification of tumor subgroups and potential treatment approaches can significantly contribute to personalized therapy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE/APPLICATION The described gene network seems to be key for GBM pathogenesis. Noninvasive, radiogenomics-based subgroup identification and specific novel treatment approaches can significanty contribution to personalized GBM therapy. Citation Format: Rivka R. Colen, Markus Luedi, Sanjay K. Singh, Islam Hassan, Joy Gumin, Erik P. Sulman, Frederick F. Lang, Pascal O. Zinn. Radiogenomics defines key genomic network driving GBM invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1505.
Impact of Comorbidity on Treatment Decision Making and Outcomes

Cancer, like many chronic conditions, is a disease of aging, and more than half of cancer patients in developed countries are 65 years or older. Therefore, many cancer patients have comorbidities, high use of medications, altered body composition, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Therefore, the treatment plans need to be individually tailored to achieve optimal outcomes. This chapter on comorbidity in cancer decision making gives some general principles and then will review some specific comorbidities with their incidence, considerations for decision making and treatment outcome. Scores to assess the risk of toxicity from chemotherapy will also be reviewed. Comorbidity burden is a major influencer of life expectancy and should be integrated in life expectancy estimates. The most assessed comorbidities are renal insufficiency and hepatic diseases. Creatinine clearance should be systematically calculated, and for several types of treatment, the Child-Pugh classification can be used. We also review the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases, auto-immune/inflammatory diseases, and diabetes. All risk factors of comorbidity should be comprehensively evaluated before cancer treatment, in order to reduce treatment-related toxicity and improve patient outcomes. Future research should address how to integrate the impact of multiple concomitant comorbidities, and more specifically which subgroups most affect various cancer outcomes.
The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism

(1976). The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 991-994.
The Limited Resource View of Self-regulation: Implications for Vocal Behavior Change

Successful self-regulation is likely an important construct underlying the learning of new vocal behaviors and lasting vocal behavior change. In this short survey article, review of established and...
Laryngeal and pharyngeal dysfunction in horses homozygous for hyperkalemic periodic paralysis.

Objective Evaluate histories, clinical signs, and laboratory data of 69 horses homozygous by DNA testing for hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HPP). Design Cohort study. Sample population 69 of 189 horses testing homozygous for HPP between October 1992 and November 1994. Procedure Questionnaires addressing signalment, training regimes, medical history, and current status of affected horses were sent to owners, trainers, or attending veterinarians. Data from completed questionnaires were tabulated and evaluated, using descriptive statistics. Results Sixty-nine (37%) of 189 questionnaires were completed and returned. Clinical episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis varied in severity and frequency from mild muscle fasciculations to recumbency and death. Sixty-three of 68 HPP-affected horses were reported to have had stridor associated with exercise, excitement, stress, or episodes of muscle paralysis. Common endoscopic findings in affected horses included pharyngeal collapse, pharyngeal edema, laryngopalatal dislocation, and laryngeal paralysis. Twelve of 27 horses receiving acetazolamide had decreases in stridor while receiving medication. Clinical implications Most horses testing homozygous for HPP had clinical signs associated with pharyngeal and laryngeal dysfunction. Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis should be included on a differential list for horses examined for signs of laryngeal or pharyngeal dysfunction or stridor. Treatment with acetazolamide may help to control respiratory tract signs associated with this disease.
“To be, or not to be”: Shakespeare Against Philosophy

ABSTRACTThis essay hazards a new reading of the most famous passage in Western literature: “To be, or not to be” from William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. With this line, Hamlet poses his personal struggle, a question of life and death, as a metaphysical problem, as a question of existence and nothingness. However, “To be, or not to be” is not what it seems to be. It seems to be a representation of tragic angst, yet a consideration of the context of the speech reveals that “To be, or not to be” is actually a satire of philosophy and Shakespeare’s representation of the theatricality of everyday life. In this essay, a close reading of the context and meaning of this passage leads into an attempt to formulate a Shakespearean image of philosophy.
Mapping targetable inflammation and outcomes with cystic fibrosis biomarkers

Cystic fibrosis is characterized by an overly exuberant neutrophilic inflammatory response to pathogens and other stimuli that starts very early in disease. The overwhelming nature of this response is a primary cause of remodeling and destruction of the airways, suggesting that anti-inflammatory therapies could be beneficial in CF. However, finding therapies that can effectively reduce the inflammatory response without compromising host defenses remains elusive. New approaches towards mapping inflammatory targets promise to aid in developing novel therapeutic strategies and improve outcomes in individuals with CF.
Electrodialysis recovery of reverse-fluxed fertilizer draw solute during forward osmosis water treatment

Abstract Wastewater reuse is important to address the challenge of water shortage but direct reuse could still introduce undesired contaminants to final products, e.g., via agricultural irrigation. Advanced membrane treatment such as forward osmosis can further purify the treated wastewater with recovery of high quality water. Herein, a forward osmosis – electrodialysis (FO-ED) hybrid system has been investigated by using diammonium phosphate (DAP), a common fertilizer, as a non-regeneration draw solute to achieve water reclamation and mitigation of salinity buildup. The system achieved consistent water recovery in the FO with low specific reverse solute flux for both NH 4 + -N (0.063 g L −1 ) and PO 4 3− -P (0.083 g L −1 ). Intensified fouling condition was observed when actual treated wastewater was applied as the feed, requiring periodical membrane cleaning. There were only Na + , Cl − , and small amounts of organics being presented in the recovered water (diluted draw solution of FO) at an acceptable level towards water reuse for agricultural irrigation. The ED accomplished successful recovery of 96.6 ± 3.0% reverse-fluxed DAP under 3.0 V 1-h daily operation, which could be reused in the FO. The energy consumption of the hybrid system was as low as 0.72 kWh m −3 or 0.45 kWh kg −1 DAP. These results have demonstrated a synergy between FO and ED for creating an energy-efficient solution to enhance wastewater reuse.
Role of Complement in Immunity Against Malaria

The role of complement in the immunity against malaria has been severely understudied. As a result, we know very little about this subject. Antibodies play an important role in suppressing parasitemia and could work by any or a combination of several mechanisms: inhibition of sporozoite invasion of hepatocytes, by blocking merozoite invasion of red blood cells (RBCs), by inducing phagocytosis of merozoites, or by inducing the phagocytosis of infected RBCs (IRBCs). Although there are some data that sporozoites are susceptible to complement activation, this seems to require high antibody levels. Complement can enhance the phagocytosis of IRBCs in the presence of nonimmune serum. In this system, natural antibodies that recognize altered native membrane antigens may play a role in activating complement, but there is also evidence of antibody-independent complement activation on the surface of IRBCs. The contribution of complement to anti-merozoite immunity was recently studied using filter-purified merozoites. C1q appeared to have a critical role in the inhibitory activity of anti-merozoite antibodies, but further studies are needed to confirm this and other contradictory observations reporting that antibody and complement can also enhance RBC invasion by merozoites. In vivo, cobra venom factor (CVF) has been used commonly in animal models to deplete complement. However, this approach is confounded by the fact that CVF is a complement activator that can promote indiscriminate deposition of C3b. Thus, CVF has produced contradictory results. Although there is now wide availability of genetically modified mice that are deficient in specific complement factors, relatively little work has been done with these animals. C1q−/− mice have been shown to have increased P. chabaudi parasitemia upon reinfection. On the other hand, C3−/− mice showed decreased P. berghei parasitemia. Much more work is needed before we have a clear picture of the role of complement in anti-malarial immunity. A better understanding of the role of complement in malaria immunity is needed if we are ever to develop a highly effective vaccine against malaria.
Names and the indexer

Linda Dunn’s sources to help you choose an appropriate form of name to use in an index should prove invaluable for indexers working on both large and small projects.
Seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus antibodies among inhabitants of Dachen Island, eastern China.

Abstract Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) has been emerging and has caused many human cases in China, Japan and Korea. Some studies speculated that SFTSV was transmitted with bird migration among these countries. Notably, SFTS cases have been identified in a Chinese island named Dachen which is situated southwest of Japan and Korea. In this study, we conducted a serum survey of SFTSV antibodies among inhabitants of the island. A total of 439 serum specimens were collected in June 2018. All serum samples were tested for total antibodies and IgM antibody with double-antigen sandwich ELISA method. The rates of seropositivity for SFTSV total antibodies and IgM antibody were 3.0% (95% CI 1.4–4.6) and 0.5% (2/439), respectively. The median age of all participants was 61 years and all seropositive samples were all from inhabitants aged >50 years. The differences of seroprevalence between different gender groups and different age groups were not significant. However, seroprevalence varied significantly among different villages (P = 0.033). Our results showed that some inhabitants of Dachen Island had been infected with SFTSV, and some ticks and host animals of the island carry SFTSV. Comprehensive measures should be conducted to prevent the occurrence of SFTS cases in the island.
A CCRK and a MAK Kinase Modulate Cilia Branching and Length via Regulation of Axonemal Microtubule Dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans

Summary The diverse morphologies of primary cilia are tightly regulated as a function of cell type and cellular state. CCRK- and MAK-related kinases have been implicated in ciliary length control in multiple species, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we show that in C. elegans, DYF-18/CCRK and DYF-5/MAK act in a cascade to generate the highly arborized cilia morphologies of the AWA olfactory neurons. Loss of kinase function results in dramatically elongated AWA cilia that lack branches. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) motor protein localization, but not velocities, in AWA cilia is altered upon loss of dyf-18. We instead find that axonemal microtubules are decorated by the EBP-2 end-binding protein along their lengths and that the tubulin load is increased and tubulin turnover is reduced in AWA cilia of dyf-18 mutants. Moreover, we show that predicted microtubule-destabilizing mutations in two tubulin subunits, as well as mutations in IFT proteins predicted to disrupt tubulin transport, restore cilia branching and suppress AWA cilia elongation in dyf-18 mutants. Loss of dyf-18 is also sufficient to elongate the truncated rod-like unbranched cilia of the ASH nociceptive neurons in animals carrying a microtubule-destabilizing mutation in a tubulin subunit. We suggest that CCRK and MAK activity tunes cilia length and shape in part via modulation of axonemal microtubule stability, suggesting that similar mechanisms may underlie their roles in ciliary length control in other cell types.
Predation of Dragonfly Nymphs by Passerines

Avian predation of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) is fairly well-documented, but most observations are restricted to non-passerine birds eating adult odonates. As nymphal odonates are aquatic, most passerine birds would not encounter them while foraging but instead are more likely to catch teneral adults on their maiden flights. Photographs taken by naturalists over the past several years suggest that passerine predation on odonate nymphs, while apparently rare, occurs across a wider range of species than previously documented.
Experiential avoidance and PTSD.

Abstract This chapter introduces and defines the construct of experiential avoidance (EA) and how EA can be distinguished from other related constructs (e.g., emotion regulation). Relational frame theory is described and discussed within the context of the development of EA. The relationship between EA and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is presented through the review of the extant literature within the context of several proposed theoretical models. Mechanisms by which the relationship between EA and PTSD develops and is maintained are proposed and discussed. The malleability of EA is presented through the summation of the limited treatment research that discussed changes in EA and PTSD. Limitations, clinical implications, and future directions for the literature on EA and PTSD are offered and discussed.
Integrated functional genomic analyses of Klinefelter and Turner syndromes reveal global network effects of altered X chromosome dosage

In both Turner syndrome (TS) and Klinefelter syndrome (KS) copy number aberrations of the X chromosome lead to various developmental symptoms. We report a comparative analysis of TS vs. KS regarding differences at the genomic network level measured in primary samples by analyzing gene expression, DNA methylation, and chromatin conformation. X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) silences transcription from one X chromosome in female mammals, on which most genes are inactive, and some genes escape from XCI. In TS, almost all differentially expressed escape genes are down-regulated but most differentially expressed inactive genes are up-regulated. In KS, differentially expressed escape genes are up-regulated while the majority of inactive genes appear unchanged. Interestingly, 94 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) overlapped between TS and female and KS and male comparisons; and these almost uniformly display expression changes into opposite directions. DEGs on the X chromosome and the autosomes are coexpressed in both syndromes, indicating that there are molecular ripple effects of the changes in X chromosome dosage. Six potential candidate genes (RPS4X, SEPT6, NKRF, CX0rf57, NAA10, and FLNA) for KS are identified on Xq, as well as candidate central genes on Xp for TS. Only promoters of inactive genes are differentially methylated in both syndromes while escape gene promoters remain unchanged. The intrachromosomal contact map of the X chromosome in TS exhibits the structure of an active X chromosome. The discovery of shared DEGs indicates the existence of common molecular mechanisms for gene regulation in TS and KS that transmit the gene dosage changes to the transcriptome.
Direct measurement of the ionization source rate and closure of the particle balance in a helicon plasma using laser induced fluorescence

A detailed study of the flows of ion and neutral argon populations in a helicon plasma was carried out. Understanding the principle ion sinks and sources of neutral fueling is essential to understanding the ability of helicon wave heating to create high density plasmas. This heating mechanism and the neutral fueling required to sustain it and perhaps manipulate the axial density profile in long cylindrical plasmas are an active research topic for advanced plasma wakefield accelerator concepts. Using laser induced fluorescence (LIF) of ion and neutral argon species, an ion flux of up to 2.5 × 10 21 m−2 s−1 was measured leaving the core of a helicon plasma with a peak electron density of 4.0 × 10 18 m−3. Taking the divergence of the axial ion flux profile yields a minimum ionization rate estimate of 2 × 10 21 m−3 s−1, and including the radial divergence increases the estimated ionization rate to approximately 1022 m−3 s−1. Neutral flow velocities measured using LIF reveal a circulatory fueling and loss mechanism with distinct zones where radial or axial sources and sinks dominate.
Antibacterial antibiotic exposures and cytomegalovirus reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

7541Background: Cytomegalovirus seropositive (CMV+) recipients of CMV seronegative (CMV-) hematopoietic cell allografts are at the highest risk for CMV reactivation. Inspired by the recently descri...
Low-Cost Approximate Constant Coefficient Hybrid Binary-Unary Multiplier for DSP Applications

Multipliers are used in virtually all Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications, such as image and video processing. Multiplier efficiency has a direct impact on the overall performance of such applications, especially when real-time processing is needed, as in 4K video processing, or where hardware resources are limited, as in mobile and IoT devices. We propose a novel, low-cost, low energy and high-speed approximate constant coefficient multiplier (CCM) using a hybrid binary-unary encoding method. The proposed method implements a CCM using simple routing networks with no logic gates in the unary domain, which results in more efficient multipliers compared to Xilinx LogiCORE IP CCMs and table-based KCM CCMs on average. We evaluate the proposed multipliers on 2-D discrete cosine transform and fast Fourier transform algorithms as two common DSP modules. Post-routing FPGA results show that the proposed multipliers can improve the {area × delay cost, and energy consumption per sample} of 8-bit fixed-point 2-D discrete cosine transform on average by {33%, 36%}. The improvement for 128-point 16-bit fixed-point fast Fourier transform on these metrics is {45%, 54%}. Moreover, the throughput of the proposed 2-D discrete cosine transform and 128-point fast Fourier transform architectures are on average 1.04× and 1.76× of the throughput of the binary architectures implemented using Xilinx LogiCORE IP CCMs, respectively.
Influence of hydrostatic pressure on hidden order, the Kondo lattice, and magnetism in URu 2 Si 2 -x P x

Within the chemical substitution series ${\mathrm{URu}}_{2}{\mathrm{Si}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{P}}_{x}$, there is an evolution in the ground-state behavior from hidden ordered (HO) for $x\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.03$, to Kondo lattice behavior with no ordering (NO) for $0.03\ensuremath{\lesssim}x\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.26$, to antiferromagnetism (AFM-2) for $0.26\ensuremath{\lesssim}x\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.5$ [A. Gallagher et al., Nat. Commun. 7, 10712 (2016); A. Gallagher et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 29, 024004 (2016)]. To better understand what factors control this behavior, temperature-dependent electrical resistivity measurements are performed for this series under applied pressures $P$ up to 20.5 kbar. Specimens in the HO $x$ region show similarities to the parent compound, where HO transforms into antiferromagnetism (AFM-1) at a critical pressure (${P}_{\mathrm{c}}$). ${P}_{\mathrm{c}}$ decreases with increasing $x$ and collapses towards $P=0$ near $x\ensuremath{\approx}0.03$, suggesting that AFM-1 occurs at ambient pressure for this concentration. No pressure-induced phase transitions are observed in the NO $x$ region and the AFM-2 state is only weakly suppressed by $P$. Measurements further reveal that AFM-1 and AFM-2 are distinct from each other. Calculations of the wave functions using the tight-binding Hartree-Fock approximation are performed and show (i) that the radial probability distributions for the phosphorus ions are more tightly bound than those for the silicon and (ii) that the energy difference between the orbitals decreases with increasing $x$. The cumulative effect of these two factors is that $\mathrm{Si}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{P}$ substitution decreases the hybridization strength, which correlates with the weakening of HO. At large $x$, additional effects such as electrical charge tuning also play an important role in determining the ground-state behavior.
Comparing and Contrasting Peyronie's Disease Guidelines: Points of Consensus and Deviation.

Abstract Background Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a challenging clinical entity. To assist clinicians with diagnosis and management, four separate organizations have published PD guidelines over the past five years, but there remains a lack of consensus and data-driven recommendations for many aspects of diagnosis and treatment. Aim To compare and contrast PD guidelines, highlighting key similarities and differences among the guideline panel recommendations and identify areas for further research. Methods We performed an extensive review to compare and contrast diagnosis and treatment recommendations from publically available published PD guidelines from four different organizations: American Urological Association, European Association of Urology, Canadian Urologic Association, and the International Society of Sexual Medicine. Outcomes Key similarities and differences with regards to definition, evaluation, nonsurgical and surgical treatments were compared. Results Points of general consensus among the guideline panels included: History is adequate for diagnosis of PD, and intracavernosal injection is a gold standard to evaluate penile deformity prior to invasive intervention. Careful counseling with shared decision-making is required prior to treatment. In general, plication and incision and/or grafting surgery is reserved for patients with preserved erectile function whereas penile prosthesis implantation is the only surgical option for PD patients with erectile dysfunction. Overall, nonsurgical treatments have inferior evidence of efficacy with these being the main area of controversy; however, all societies recognize that intralesional injections may be used. 0Further research into the pathophysiology of PD may direct novel treatments targeted towards early intervention and rigorous outcomes research may direct best practices for the surgical treatment of PD in the future. Clinical Implications PD is a challenging clinical entity. Direct comparison of the published PD guidelines highlights clear standards of care as well as areas where more research is needed to promote higher levels of evidence-based practice. Strengths & Limitations To our knowledge this is the first report to directly compare and contrast published guidelines pertaining to the diagnosis and management of PD. Limitations include the lack of evidence-quality review pertaining to individual guideline recommendations, although this was not the aim of this review. Conclusion We highlight consensus of major urologic societies on many aspects of work up and management of PD with notable exceptions which may guide further research. Manka MG, White LA, Yafi FA, et al. Comparing and Contrasting Peyronie's Disease Guidelines: Points of Consensus and Deviation. J Sex Med 2021;18:363–375.
An X-Band Dielectric Rod Antenna for Subdermal Tumor Heating to Assist Electroporation-Mediated DNA Delivery

An end-fire dielectric rod antenna is proposed as a heating device for integration with an array of electroporation electrodes in order to enable efficient delivery of DNA into the cells that comprise subcutaneous tumors. A 5-7 °C temperature elevation of tumors that are located near the fat-muscle boundary and 3-7 mm below the skin surface can be achieved in a short period of time without damaging surrounding tissues. This capability is demonstrated through a combination of a directional antenna applicator operating at 8 GHz, and utilization of forced air cooling of the outer surface (skin layer). The directionality of the antenna is improved by cladding its high permittivity core with 3D printed, low permittivity dielectric material. Experimental data using a pork skin-fat-muscle tissue show that the desired temperature elevation at the tumor location is obtained after 2.5 W RF illumination for 3 minutes, which is in good agreement with electro-thermal simulations. With the addition of realistic human body model parameters to the same simulation setup, the results indicate that tumors can be uniformly heated with 3 minutes of illumination at 2.5 W input power while keeping the surrounding healthy tissues at a safe temperature.
Social Networks and Post-Purchase Behavior: Analysis of the Content of the Mentions on AliExpress

This study aims to study the influence of social networks in post-purchase, that is, in the mentions of customers presented on the internet. Concepts of digital marketing and post-purchase behavior are discussed in this work. Digital marketing means doing marketing through digital tools. It is the set of strategic actions applied in digital media (internet and mobile technologies), to win and retain customers, increasing the company's market share. The main discussion in post-purchase behavior is assessing the cognitive adequacy of the solution chosen in the purchase of a product/service concerning an initial problem, especially when the consumer believes has been deceived. The research problem was: how can post-consumer behavior influence marketing strategies on social media? The Scup tool used as a data collection procedure for surveying social media mentions about AliExpress. As a result, after applying the filter described in the procedures, we obtained 71 records (N = 71) collected in the period from October 29, 2015, to November 4, 2015, which reflect the behavior of the consumer about the post-purchase process. The result of the popularization of social networks has changed the relationship between companies and their publics. In the past those relations was processed through official customer service channels, today is via social networks, where customers expose their positive or negative opinions about product or service purchased by a particular company. Retailers like AliExpress need to improve customer experience throw social media.
Barriers to Critical Thinking and Problems of High Dynamic and Behavioral Complexity

While addressing problems of high dynamic and behavioral complexity is a challenge by themselves, the challenge is further complicated by the presence of barriers to critical thinking. It is suggested that understanding and acknowledging these barriers to critical thinking is necessary in order to develop resolutions that are acceptable to society for complex problems. Four potential approaches are presented for undertaking a determination of a variety of barriers to critical thinking.
Patient reported outcomes following lateral process talus fracture

OBJECTIVES To evaluate functional outcome after lateral process talus fracture using patient-reported instruments and identify injury characteristics that portend a worse prognosis. DESIGN Retrospective case series. SETTING Level 1 academic trauma center. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS Fifty-three patients with isolated lateral process talus fracture and 12 months of minimum follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function (PF) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). RESULTS Mean patient age was 33 years (range, 17-62 years), and mean follow-up was 6.5 years (range, 1-12 years). Twenty-one patients were initially treated nonoperatively and 14 of these patients (67%) failed nonoperative management. Patients who failed nonoperative treatment more commonly had a displaced fracture (12 patients) (P = 0.009). Thirty-two patients had displaced fracture and were treated with early operative fixation. For the entire cohort, final PROMIS PF was 55 (SD -8.3), FAAM Activities of Daily Living (ADL) was 89 (SD -14), and FAAM sport was 77 (SD -20). The patients treated with operative fixation had significantly larger fracture fragments (2050 vs. 1066 mm3, P = 0.017). There was no difference in final outcome between operative and nonoperative patients for PROMIS PF (P = 0.84), FAAM ADL (P = 0.95), or FAAM sport (P = 0.94). There were significantly more subtalar fusions in the nonoperative group (4 patients) as compared to the operative group (one patient) (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Most patients with lateral process talus fracture achieve excellent outcome as measured by the PROMIS PF and FAAM at medium-term follow-up. Displaced fractures are likely best managed with early surgical treatment. Patients treated with early surgery have significantly fewer subtalar fusions as compared to patients with nonoperative treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Infant and Toddler Responses to Bitter-Tasting Novel Vegetables: Findings from the Good Tastes Study.

BACKGROUND Infants are born with the biological predisposition to reject bitterness. Dark green vegetables contain essential nutrients but also bitter compounds, making them more difficult to like. OBJECTIVE The Good Tastes Study was designed to determine whether reducing bitterness by adding small amounts of sugar or salt would alter infant acceptance of kale purees. METHODS Caregivers (n = 106, 94% mothers, 82% Non-Hispanic White) and children (53% male, aged 6-24 mo) participated in a videorecorded laboratory visit during which infants were offered 4 versions of pureed kale: plain, 1.2% or 1.8% added sugar, or 0.2% added salt. Caregivers rated their children's liking for each kale version. Videos were coded for the number of tastes accepted and for children's behaviors and acceptance of each kale version. A multilevel ordered logistic model was fit for the number of accepted tastes and caregiver ratings of child liking of kale versions with age, breastfeeding history, order effects, and kale version as predictors. RESULTS Infants 6 to <12 mo accepted more tastes (b = 2.911, P < 0.001) and were rated by caregivers as liking the kale more than older toddlers (≥18 mo; b = 1.874, P = 0.014). The plain kale was more likely to be accepted (P < 0.001); also, the first version offered was more likely to be rejected (b = -0.586, P < 0.007). Older infants (≥18 mo) exhibited more avoidant behaviors (b = 1.279, P < 0.001), more playing (b = 2.918, P < 0.001), and more self-feeding (b = 1.786, P = 0.005) than younger infants (6 to <12 mo). Children who were reported to have been breastfed more in the last 7 d were more likely to self-feed (b = 0.246, P < 0.001) and play with food (b = 0.207, P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that there may be a sensitive period, during the early phase of complementary feeding, to improve success of introducing a novel, bitter, more difficult-to-like food. When low levels of sugar or salt were added, no advantage of bitterness reduction was observed. This study has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04549233.
Educational Leadership and Managing PM2.5 Dust Crisis in Bangkok, Thailand

The objective of researching educational leadership and managing PM2.5 dust crisis in Bangkok, Thailand, is to study the cause of PM2.5 in the context of being Bangkok area and to study the educational leadership in managing the education to reduce the PM2.5 dust crisis in Bangkok. This is a qualitative research. The sample group consisted of scholars of environment, those responsible for preventing air pollution, educational administrators and administrators of educational institutions in Bangkok and its vicinity. Collecting data by in-depth interview. From the study it is found that: 1) The cause of PM2.5 dust crisis in Bangkok consists of 4 factors: Dust source, weather conditions at that time, area conditions of Bangkok and the condition of Bangkok being a metropolis. 2) Educational management to reduce PM2.5 dust crisis in Bangkok, in the short term phrase, is to set up learning management plan based on the levels of air polluted crisis. From the level of managing the learning in schools to the learning management at home in the case of temporarily closing of the school. 3) Educational management to reduce PM2.5 dust crisis in Bangkok, in the long term phrase, is, setting up curriculum, courses of educational management of various crises and ways to change the crisis into opportunities. Organizing activities that shows the relationship between people and the environment, to become the world protective citizen in the future. 4) The use of educational leadership in educational management to reduce PM2.5 dust in Bangkok, is to use the situational leadership, transformation leadership and educational management leadership in crisis situations.
WE‐EF‐303‐08: Proton Radiography Using Pencil Beam Scanning and Novel Micromegas Detectors

Purpose: While the energy of therapeutic proton beams can be adjusted to penetrate to any given depth in water, range uncertainties arise in patients due in part to imprecise knowledge of the stopping power of protons in human tissues. Proton radiography is one approach to reduce the beam range uncertainty, thereby allowing for a reduction in treatment margins and dose escalation. Methods: The authors have adapted a novel detector technology based on Micromesh Gaseous Structure (“Micromegas”) for proton therapy beams and have demonstrated fine spatial and time resolution of magnetically scanned proton pencil beams, as well as wide dynamic range for dosimetry. In this work, proton radiographs were obtained using Micromegas 2D planes positioned downstream of solid water assemblies. The position-sensitive monitor chambers in the IBA proton delivery nozzle provide the beam entrance position. Results: Radiography with Micromegas detectors and actively scanned beams provide spatial resolution of up to 300 µm and water-equivalent thickness (WET) resolution as good as 0.02% (60 µm out of 31 cm total thickness), with the dose delivered to the patient kept below 2 cGy. The spatial resolution as a function of sample rate and number of delivered protons is found to be near the theoretical Cramer-Rao lower bound. Using the CR bound, we argue that the imaging dose could be further lowered to 1 mGy, while still achieving sub-mm spatial resolution, by relatively simple instrumentation upgrades and beam delivery modifications. Conclusion: For proton radiography, high spatial and WET resolution can be achieved, with minimal additional dose to patient, by using magnetically scanned proton pencil beams and Micromegas detectors.
Prostatic tumor acid phosphatase production: Influence of antineoplastic agents☆

Abstract The administration of mithramycin and dactinomycin to several patients with widespread prostatic carcinoma consistently induced a substantial but brief reduction of serum acid phosphatase, indicating an inhibition on the synthesis of the enzyme produced by the tumor. The lowering of the elevated serum enzyme value is more pronounced and prolonged when Thiotepa (triethyleneiophosphoramide) is given concurrently with a daily four- to six-hour infusion of mithramycin for one week.