cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Television, reading, and the home environment

Abstract This study was designed to analyze the relationship of the home learning environment and children's television viewing and leisure reading preferences. From an initial survey of media habits involving 122 fifth‐graders, 59 students were identified as representing either the upper or lower quartiles in the following categories: 1) heavy TV viewing‐heavy reading, 2) light TV viewing‐heavy reading, 3) light TV viewing‐light reading, and 4) heavy TV viewing‐light reading. A 93‐item home environmental questionnaire, designed to measure parent‐child interaction in seven categories, was individually administered to parents. Responses were content‐analyzed using a clustering technique to provide an in‐depth profile of the four media patterns. Results indicated that media‐related behavior was strongly tied to certain characteristic family patterns. Children appeared to internalize media behaviors and attitudes manifested by their parents.
Insights in how amphetamine ROCKs (Rho-associated containing kinase) membrane protein trafficking.

Amphetamine (AMPH) is a psychostimulant that induces efflux of dopamine (DA) within dopaminergic nodes, a phenomenon that has been recognized since the late 1950s (1). However, the ability of AMPH to alter DA transporter (DAT) cell surface expression did not emerge from the literature until the late 1990s (2). DAT, a key target of AMPH actions, is an important regulator of synaptic DA levels. Fleckenstein et al. (3) first hypothesized that AMPH not only induces transporter efflux but also may regulate transporter surface expression levels. This hypothesis was based on their observation that in rats, a single, high-dose injection of AMPH results in a decrease of DAT function 1 h later (3). Since then, initiated by the work of Saunders et al. (2), AMPH-induced regulation of DAT trafficking has been demonstrated in numerous studies, and the investigation into the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon has become an area of intense research (4⇓–6). In PNAS, Wheeler et al. (7) shed light on the mechanism by which AMPH causes trafficking of DAT as well as on the behavioral impact of this mechanism. The first demonstration of AMPH-induced trafficking of DAT in heterologous systems surfaced a few years after Fleckenstein’s original proposal (3). In that study, acute treatment with the DAT substrates AMPH and DA not only reduced [3H]DA uptake and AMPH-induced currents but also clearly decreased DAT cell surface expression (1). By using a dominant-negative mutant of dynamin I (K44A) to prevent substrate-induced trafficking, the authors also provided preliminary evidence to suggest that AMPH-stimulated DAT endocytosis occurs via a dynamin-dependent pathway. … [↵][1]1To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: aurelio.galli{at}vanderbilt.edu or christine.saunders{at}vanderbilt.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
Sequential cyber-attack detection in the large-scale smart grid system

This paper investigates the sequential detection of cyber-attack in smart grid system, which undermines the power system state estimation by injecting malicious data to the monitoring meters. To overcome the challenges raised by unpredictable attack features such as injected data information and the set of affected meters, we propose a generalized Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) detector based on the generalized likelihood ratio. Furthermore, to alleviate the exponentially growing computational burden, we further refine the detector such that its computational complexity scales linearly with the number of meters, which is usually large in the smart grid system.
Coupled Vibrations of an Elastically Mounted Rigid Body with One Plane of Symmetry

An elastically mounted in-line aircraft engine is treated as a rigid body with a vertical plane of symmetry. The symmetry permits the six equations of motion to be resolved into two independent groups of three each. By using dimensionally homogeneous variables and the methods of vector-matrix analysis, the three scalar equations in each group are reduced to one. All the inertial and stiffness properties of the engine and its mounting system are contained in a single matrix coefficient called the frequency matrix. The static displacement, natural frequencies, and the dynamic magnification factors are expressed as operations on the frequency matrix. A geometric interpretation is given for the modes of motion and the relative amplitude vectors. INTRODUCTION A i N IN-LINE AIRCRAFT ENGINE can be assumed to have a vertical plane of symmetry. I t is customary to mount the engine at four points lying in a plane normal to the plane of symmetry and containing the crankshaft centerline. In general, the center of mass of the engine will not lie in the plane of the mounting points, nor will the longitudinal principal central axis be parallel to this plane. Thus, there will be coupling terms in all six of the equations of motion. By a suitable choice of the elastic properties of the mounting devices it is possible to make some of the coupling terms vanish. I t is not practicable to make them all vanish. It is desirable to have a general solution describing the modes of motion and giving the natural .frequencies, the displacements, and the dynamic magnification factors. This problem has been discussed by von Schlippe. The solution presented here is based on a generalization of the simple linear vibration equation x + con x 0 (a) and is suitable for routine calculation. Only the case of a propeller at rest will be considered here. Maximum simplicity ot the equations of motion is achieved by using the principal central axes for reference. The positive directions of the three linear and three angular coordinates are shown in Fig. 1. Because of the plane of symmetry (XZ) the equations of motion consist of two independent sets of three each. The equations containing the coordinates x, 6, z describe the symmetric modes of motion, and the equaReceived September 6, 1946. * Based on research proposed by the Aircraft Laboratory, Wright Field, and carried out by the author under a contract with the A.A.F. Air Materiel Command. t Associate Professor of Mechanics. tions containing the coordinates , y, \p describe the antisymmetric modes of motion.
Colonization and Release of Tetrastichus haitiensis as a Biological Control Agent for Citrus Root Weevils

Over 86,000 adults of the parasite Tetrastichus haitiensis Gahan were reared successfully in the laboratory on eggs of Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.) and released in Florida in 1969 as possible control agents against D. abbreviatus , a West Indian pest of sugarcane and citrus recently discovered in Florida. This parasite also developed readily in the laboratory in eggs of the citrus root weevil, Pachnaeus litus (Germar), and of P. opalus (Olivier).
Maintenance of glutathione levels in renal cortex slices of the rat.

SummaryThe level of reduced glutathi-one (GSH) in renal cortex slices was shown to be a function of overall metabolism and availability of the component amino acids of GSH. Incubation of slices in oxygenated Krebs-Ringer media at 37° resulted in a steady loss of GSH. Nearly 50% of the initial GSH was lost in 1 hr. This loss was offset when the incubation was carried out a reduced temperature. Anaerobic conditions or incubation with dinitrophenol enhanced the disappearance of GSH. Fortification of the medium with glycine and glutamic acid at 3 mM concentration each or glycine, glutamic acid and cysteine each at 0.1 mM resulted in a marked increase of GSH levels after 60 min incubation compared to unfortified slices. Dithiothreitol enhanced the effect of cysteine, but had no significant effect on its own. The presence of 4% (w/v) bovine serum albumin in the medium had no effect on loss of GSH. Disodium maleate had no effect for up to 1 hr of incubation and produced only slight additional loss of GSH after 1...
Inadmissibility of Aliens

Any alien desiring to enter the United States is subject to the grounds of exclusion and inadmissibility set forth in the Immigration and National? ity Act, as amended. This proposition is equally true whether the alien has established his basis of eligibility for an immigrant visa for adjust? ment of status, or for a nonimmigrant visa. The law would similarly apply to a lawful permanent resident alien when he proceeds abroad and attempts to reenter the United States. The grounds of exclusion and inadmissiblity are set forth in the 32 Subsections of Section 212(a). Some of the grounds of inadmissiblity can be waived by the Immigration and Naturalization Service under certain circumstances and when prescribed family relations exist. However, other grounds are non-waivable under any circumstances.
Ultra-Thin Zirconium Oxide Films Deposited by Rapid Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition (RT-CVD) as Alternative Gate Dielectric

ZrO 2 ([.kappa]∼ 18) was deposited on Si(100) wafers by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition (RT-CVD) process to replace SiO 2 as the gate dielectric material in metal-oxide- semiconductor devices for its high dielectric constant, good thermal stability on silicon, and large bandgap. The deposited films are nearly stoichiometric, amorphous, uniform, and highly smooth, as determined by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, ellipsometry, and atomic force microscopy. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image shows an interfacial ZrSiO 4 layer between ZrO 2 and the silicon substrate, and this interfacial layer is verified by thermodynamic calculations and etching resistance measured at the interface. Excellent step coverage was observed for depositing ZrO 2 on nanometer scale features with an aspect ratio of 4. The dielectric constant of RTCVD ZrO 2 was 15-18, with small C-V hysteresis and low leakage current.
Role of the teashirt gene in Drosophila midgut morphogenesis: secreted proteins mediate the action of homeotic genes

Homeotic genes control the development of embryonic structure by coordinating the activities of downstream 'target' genes. The identities and functions of target genes must be understood in order to learn how homeotic genes control morphogenesis. Drosophila midgut development is regulated by homeotic genes expressed in the visceral mesoderm, where two of their target genes have been identified. Both encode secreted proteins. The Ultrabithorax (Ubx) homeotic gene activates transcription of the decapentaplegic (dpp) gene, which encodes a TGF beta class protein, while in adjacent mesoderm cells the abdominal-A (abd-A) homeotic gene activates transcription of the wingless (wg) gene, which encodes a Wnt class protein. The homeotic genes Antennapedia (Antp) and Sex combs reduced (Scr) act in more anterior midgut regions. Here we report the identification of another homeotic gene target in the midgut mesoderm, the teashirt (tsh) gene, which encodes a protein with zinc finger motifs. tsh is necessary for proper formation of anterior and central midgut structures. Antp activates tsh in anterior midgut mesoderm. In the central midgut mesoderm Ubx, abd-A, dpp, and wg are required for proper tsh expression. The control of tsh by Ubx and abd-A, and probably also by Antp, is mediated by secreted signaling molecules. By responding to signals as well as localized transcription regulators, the tsh transcription factor is produced in a spatial pattern distinct from any of the homeotic genes.
Nuclear degeneration and meiotic aberrations observed in human oocytes matured in vitro: Analysis by light microscopy

Objective To apply an improved air-dry procedure for the light microscopic identification of both degenerate and aberrant meiotic configurations in cultured human oocytes. Material and Design Meiotically immature, normal appearing human oocytes retrieved after oophorectomy were placed into culture for 9 to 46 hours. Subsequently, oocytes were assessed morphologically and then air dried for light microscopic examination of chromatin configurations. Main Outcome Measures Oocyte chromatin configurations were identified as normal, degenerate, or aberrant and then classified according to meiotic stage. Retrospective analyses were conducted to determine if [1] normal meiotic configurations were associated with morphologically viable oocytes and [2] degenerate or aberrant meiotic configurations were always associated with degenerate oocytes. In addition, for each meiotic stage, the proportion of oocytes exhibiting either degenerate or aberrant chromatin configurations was calculated. Results Of 101 oocyte chromatin configurations analyzed, 71.3% were normal, 11.9% were degenerate, and 16.8% displayed meiotic aberrations. Retrospective analyses revealed that the majority of both normal and aberrant chromatin configurations were associated with morphologically viable oocytes (93.1% and 88.2%, respectively), whereas all of the degenerate chromatin configurations were associated with morphologically degenerate oocytes. When assessed by stage, nuclear degeneration was observed exclusively at the germinal vesicle and diakinesis stages, whereas meiotic aberrations occurred most frequently after chromosome condensation. These aberrations were manifested either as clumped metaphase I configurations or as two distinct groups of bivalents that appeared to result from bivalent migration along the meiotic spindle without homologue segregation. Conclusions Slightly >25% of human oocytes recovered after oophorectomy were incapable of undergoing normal meiotic maturation in culture. The majority of these abnormal oocytes appeared morphologically normal and yet possessed meiotic aberrations. These observations indicate that caution should be taken when using oocytes matured in vitro for application in assisted reproductive technology programs.
G-CSF and Exenatide Might Be Associated with Increased Long-Term Survival of Allogeneic Pancreatic Islet Grafts

BACKGROUND Allogeneic human islet transplantation is an effective therapy for the treatment of patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). The low number of islet transplants performed worldwide and the different transplantation protocols used limit the identification of the most effective therapeutic options to improve the efficacy of this approach. METHODS We present a retrospective analysis on the data collected from 44 patients with T1D who underwent islet transplantation at our institute between 2000 and 2007. Several variables were included: recipient demographics and immunological characteristics, donor and transplant characteristics, induction protocols, and additional medical treatment received. Immunosuppression was induced with anti-CD25 (Daclizumab), alone or in association with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) treatments (Etanercept or Infliximab), or with anti-CD52 (Alemtuzumab) in association with anti-TNF-α treatments (Etanercept or Infliximab). Subsets of patients were treated with Filgrastim for moderate/severe neutropenia and/or Exenatide for post prandial hyperglycemia. RESULTS The analysis performed indicates a negative association between graft survival (c-peptide level ≥ 0.3 ng/ml) and islet infusion volume, with the caveat that, the progressive reduction of infusion volumes over the years has been paralleled by improved immunosuppressive protocols. A positive association is instead suggested between graft survival and administration of Exenatide and Filgrastim, alone or in combination. CONCLUSION This retrospective analysis may be of assistance to further improve long-term outcomes of protocols for transplant of islets and other organs.
Unseen Science: Representation of the BRICs in Global Science

A survey of scientific periodical venues for BRIC country practitioners counted more than 15,000 national publications. Data collected from and about Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC countries) shows that 495 publications, or about 3%, are listed in the Science Citation Index Expanded© (SCIE©) in 2010. Contrary to our expectation of under-representation overall and coverage limitation in SCIE, the average number of SCIE-listed publications for the BRICs is about that same as for advanced countries. China has the lowest representation of national publications in SCIE at 2% of all publications, Russia has the highest at about 8%. India has about 6% of publications in SCIE, Brazil has about 4%. In other words, SCIE includes about the same percentage of high quality science from these four countries as for North America and Europe, meaning that these countries are not under-represented in SCIE. The research suggests that the BRICs are using open access journals, with Brazil having 537 open access journals -- among the highest number of any country using open access. India is listed as having had 284 open access journals. China is listed as having 15 (with Taiwan at 14). Russia is noted because it is not listed on the DOAJ country list, because it is creating its own open access content. Some of the BRIC national publications are difficult to "see" at the global level because of language barriers, diverse publication formats, and lack of digitization. Other national differences represent historical traditions surrounding publication.
Thalidomide Is Active Alone and in Combination with Fludarabine in Fludarabine-Relapsed and Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Background: CLL is a lymphoproliferative disease characterized by an accumulation of malignant lymphocytes due to a defect in apoptosis. CLL lymphocytes demonstrate increased NF-κB activity, which may play a role in mediating resistance to fludarabine. Additionally, several cytokines have been linked to enhanced CLL survival, including TNF-α, bFGF, and VEGF. Given thalidomide’s ability to inhibit these cytokines and NF-κB activity, we investigated whether thalidomide, either alone or in combination with fludarabine, is an effective treatment for pts with CLL previously treated with fludarabine. Methods: CLL pts requiring therapy as defined by NCI-WG criteria and who were previously treated with fludarabine were eligible. Pts were randomized to receive either thalidomide alone (T) or in combination with fludarabine (FT). Thalidomide was started at a dose of 200 mg qHS and adjusted as tolerated. Pts assigned to FT started thalidomide prior to receiving fludarabine at a dose of 25 mg/m 2 each day x 5 days x 6 cycles. Results: 13 pts have been enrolled, 8 men/5 women, median age=60, (range 48–68), 4 pts refractory to fludarabine, randomized to receive either T (6) or FT (7). The median dose of thalidomide was 200 mg qHS (range 50–450). Of the 10 evaluable pts, there have been 1 CR (FT), 3 PRs (1T, 2FT), and 2 hematologic improvements (1T/1FT). Of interest, 5 pts on T developed tumor flares, characterized by fevers, increased size and tenderness of lymph nodes, increased lymphocyte counts, and decreased hemoglobin and platelet counts. These symptoms resolved with either continued treatment (3 pts) or temporarily discontinuing the thalidomide and re-introducing it at a dose of 50 mg (2 pts). Patients on T demonstrated hematologic improvement (HI) prior to decreases in lymph node size. Figs 1 and 2 illustrate two patients with tumor flares followed by marked HI, but only minimal improvement in LAD. Pt in fig 1 continued on T, while pt in fig 2 had T held for 4 weeks. Overall, therapy was tolerated, with grade 3 toxicities being: neuropathy(2)(requiring T dose reduction), sedation(1), catheter thrombosis(1), febrile neutropenia(1), infection(3), none requiring discontinuation of therapy. Conclusion: Thalidomide demonstrates activity alone and in combination with fludarabine as treatment for CLL. Further data are required to see if FT can increase the response rate over historical controls for patients who relapse after fludarabine. The addition of F to T appears to ameliorate the development of a tumor flare.
Improving Culturally Appropriate Care Using a Community-Based Participatory Research Approach: Evaluation of a Multicomponent Cultural Competency Training Program, Arkansas, 2015-2016.

Introduction The United States continues to become more racially and ethnically diverse, and racial/ethnic minority communities encounter sociocultural barriers to quality health care, including implicit racial/ethnic bias among health care providers. In response, health care organizations are developing and implementing cultural competency curricula. Using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach, we developed and evaluated a cultural competency training program to improve the delivery of culturally appropriate care in Marshallese and Hispanic communities. Methods We used a mixed-methods evaluation approach based on the Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation. We collected quantitative evaluation data immediately after each training session (March 19, 2015-November 30, 2016) and qualitative data about implementation at 2 points: immediately after each session and 6 months after training. Individuals and organizational units provided qualitative data. Results We delivered 1,250 units of in-person training at 25 organizations. Participants reported high levels of changes in knowledge (91.2%), competence (86.6%), and performance (87.2%) as a result of the cultural competency training. Organizations reported making policy and environmental changes. Conclusion Initial outcomes demonstrate the value of developing and implementing cultural competency training programs using a CBPR approach. Additional research is needed to determine the effect on long-term patient outcomes.
Iron status of North American pregnant women: an update on longitudinal data and gaps in knowledge from the United States and Canada

Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to iron deficiency due to the high iron demands of pregnancy. To avoid the adverse birth outcomes that are associated with maternal iron deficiency anemia, both Canada and the United States recommend universal iron supplementation for pregnant women. Although the benefits of iron supplementation in anemic women are well recognized, insufficient data are currently available on the maternal and neonatal benefits and harms of universal iron supplementation in developed countries as evidenced by the recent conclusions of the US Preventive Services Task Force on the need for further data that address existing gaps. As part of an effort to evaluate the impact of the current North American prenatal iron supplementation policy, this review highlights the lack of national data on longitudinal changes in iron status in pregnant North American women, emphasizes possible limitations with the original longitudinal hemoglobin data used to inform the current CDC reference hemoglobin values, and presents additional normative data from recent longitudinal research studies of iron status in North American pregnant women. Further longitudinal data in North American pregnant women are needed to help identify those who may benefit most from supplementation as well as to help determine whether there are adverse effects of iron supplementation in iron-replete women.
Accurate Ionization Energies for Mononuclear Copper Complexes Remain a Challenge for Density Functional Theory.

Copper is ubiquitous and its one-electron redox chemistry is central to many catalytic processes. Modeling such chemistry requires electronic structure methods capable of the accurate prediction of ionization energies (IEs) for compounds including copper in different oxidation states and supported by various ligands. Herein, we estimate IEs for 12 mononuclear Cu species previously reported in the literature by using 21 modern density functionals and the DLPNO-CCSD(T) wave function theory model; we consider extrapolated values of the latter to provide reference values of acceptable accuracy. Our results reveal a considerable diversity in functional performance. Although there is nearly always at least one functional that performs well for any given species, there are none that do so for every member of the test set, and certain cases are particularly pathological. Over the entire test set, the SOGGA11-X functional performs best with a mean unsigned error (MUE) of 0.22 eV. PBE0, ωB97X-D, CAM-B3LYP, M11-L, B3LYP, and M11 exhibit MUEs ranging between 0.23 and 0.34 eV. When including relativistic effects with the zero-order regular approximation, ωB97X-D, CAM-B3LYP, and PBE0 are found to provide the best accuracy.
Technology Planning for Aligning Emerging Business Models and Regulatory Structures — The Case of Electric Vehicle Charging and the Smart Grid

Smart Grid has the potential to produce over $2 trillion of benefits in the US utility sector over the next 20 years, according to a study by the Electric Power Research Institute. However, the study also projects significant costs of up to $476 billion to achieve these returns. Therefore, while smart grid represents an enormous opportunity, with a benefit-to-cost ratio of nearly 6 to 1, given the enormous financial sums at stake, it is crucial that the planning process for smart grid be done with extreme care. Planning the deployment of smart grid technology in the electric utility sector can be a complex and difficult process due to regulatory frameworks that have evolved to protect consumers, the need for development of standards regarding numerous emerging technologies, and the need for emerging business models which can fit with these evolving technology and regulatory frameworks. Technology roadmapping provides a number of useful tools which can help with the planning of smart grid development, but a highly integrated approach is needed to accommodate the full range of factors mentioned.
Staged Prone/Supine Fixation of High-Energy Multicolumnar Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Multicenter Analysis.

Purpose We present a surgical strategy to manage multicolumnar tibial plateau fracture variants by addressing the predominant posterior fragment employing a Lobenhoffer approach in the prone position followed by supine patient repositioning for anterolateral column access. Design Multicenter retrospective analysis. Setting Three academic Level 1 trauma centers. Patients/methods Twenty-eight cases (28 patients/28 knees) met inclusion criteria between 2003 and 2014. Patient demographic information was retrospectively reviewed with a mean follow-up time of 16.6 months (range 12-34 months). Postoperative radiographic analysis, physical examination findings, and patient outcome scores from the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score questionnaire were recorded. Results The average time to union was 3.6 months (range 3-9 months). Eighty-two percent of patients had satisfactory articular reduction (less than 2 mm articular step off). All patients demonstrated satisfactory coronal (medial proximal tibia angle 87 ± 5 degrees) and sagittal alignment (posterior proximal tibia angle 9 ± 4 degrees). Condylar width averaged 2.2 mm. Twenty percent of cases required posterior lateral columnar plating (in addition to posterior medial columnar plating), with none of these cases requiring an extensile exposure modification (medial gastrocnemius origin detachment) to expose posterior laterally. In 12 cases, the posterior approach was staged to allow for anterior soft tissue recovery before subsequent staged supine positioning and lateral column fixation. The knee range of motion averaged 123 degrees (ranged from 2 degrees of extension to 125 degrees flexion). The average Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score was 78/100 (range 29-95). Eleven percent of the patients in the series developed a surgical site infection (n = 3) with 2 requiring formal irrigation and debridement. The most common aseptic complication was radiographic posttraumatic arthrosis (18%). Clinically, 1 patient eventually required a total knee arthroplasty. Conclusions High-energy multicolumnar tibial plateau fractures with significant posterior articular surface involvement may be predictably addressed with prone positioning, exposure, and fixation followed by supine repositioning and the inclusion of an anterior approach. This study demonstrates excellent postoperative radiographic results and acceptable clinical outcomes resulting from the described staged protocol. Level of evidence Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Another Look at the Research Gap—Why Etkes' Questions Will Remain Unanswered

(1969). Another Look at the Research Gap—Why Etkes' Questions Will Remain Unanswered. Journal of Leisure Research: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 275-276.
Optimal design of rotational inertial double tuned mass dampers under random excitation

Abstract The rotational inertial double tuned mass damper (RIDTMD) is a type of passive mass damper which includes a physical mass as well as a rotational mass. This rotational mass is produced by an inerter which is capable of providing large effective mass utilizing very little physical mass. By selecting the proper design parameters, the RIDTMD show promise at more effective response reduction of underlying primary systems in comparison to conventional tuned mass dampers (TMDs). However, when the primary system is subjected to random loads, the previously considered optimum design values for harmonic excitation are not effective. This motivates an investigation to determine the exact analytical optimum solution for selecting the stiffness and damping design values of RIDTMD when the primary structure is subjected to random force and base excitation. In this paper, an exact optimization solution procedure is presented with the goal of finding the optimum design values of the RIDTMD when mitigating the response of a structure subjected to random force and base excitation. Utilizing the obtained optimum design values, the effectiveness of the RIDTMD is also studied in comparison to conventional TMDs. The results of this study show that the RIDTMD with optimized stiffness and damping values outperforms the optimized conventional TMD; however, the degree of its increased effectiveness in reducing the main mass response is reliant upon the selection of appropriate pairs of secondary and rotational mass.
Restricted, Novel Heat Treatments for Obtaining High Jc in Nb46.5wt%Ti

The effect of greatly restricting heat treatment time and temperature, as well as the strain space between heat treatments was investigated for a high homogeneity Nb46.5wt% composite. The number of heat treatments was 3 or 6. It was found that the crucial heat treatment was the final one and that the initial ones could be considerably restricted. A strong linear relationship was found between J c (5T, 8T) and the % α-Ti for J c (5T) values ranging from ~ 950–3050 A/mm2 and α-Ti contents ranging from 2.5 to 21 vol%.
microRNA Regulation in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer and Endocrine Therapy

As de novo and acquired resistance to standard first line endocrine therapies is a growing clinical challenge for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer patients, understanding the mechanisms of resistance is critical to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent therapeutic resistance and improve patient outcomes. The widespread post-transcriptional regulatory role that microRNAs (miRNAs) can have on various oncogenic pathways has been well-documented. In particular, several miRNAs are reported to suppress ERα expression via direct binding with the 3’ UTR of ESR1 mRNA, which can confer resistance to estrogen/ERα-targeted therapies. In turn, estrogen/ERα activation can modulate miRNA expression, which may contribute to ER+ breast carcinogenesis. Given the reported oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions of miRNAs in ER+ breast cancer, the targeted regulation of specific miRNAs is emerging as a promising strategy to treat ER+ breast cancer and significantly improve patient responsiveness to endocrine therapies. In this review, we highlight the major miRNA-ER regulatory mechanisms in context with ER+ breast carcinogenesis, as well as the critical miRNAs that contribute to endocrine therapy resistance or sensitivity. Collectively, this comprehensive review of the current literature sheds light on the clinical applications and challenges associated with miRNA regulatory mechanisms and novel miRNA targets that may have translational value as potential therapeutics for the treatment of ER+ breast cancer.
Humanized 3F8 Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody Dosing With Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Patients With Resistant Neuroblastoma: A Phase 1 Clinical Trial.

Importance Chimeric and murine anti-G D2 antibodies are active against neuroblastoma, but the development of neutralizing antibodies can compromise efficacy. To decrease immunogenicity, hu3F8, a humanized anti-G D2 antibody, was constructed. Objective To find the maximum-tolerated dose of hu3F8 with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Design, Setting, and Participants This phase 1 clinical trial used a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design in a single referral center (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York). Participants were enrolled from December 24, 2012, through May 3, 2016, with follow-up and analyses through February 28, 2018. Eligibility criteria included older than 1 year and resistant or recurrent neuroblastoma regardless of the number or kinds of prior treatments. All 57 participants met the eligibility criteria, received treatment according to the protocol, and were included in all analyses. Interventions Treatment cycles were monthly, if human antihuman antibody remained negative. Each cycle comprised hu3F8 infused intravenously for 30 minutes on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday as well as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor administered subcutaneously daily from 5 days before infusion through the last day of infusion. After cycle 2, hu3F8 was increased to the highest dose level that had been confirmed as safe. Main Outcomes and Measures Toxicity, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and disease response. Results Of the 57 participants, 34 (60%) were male and 23 (40%) were female (male-to-female ratio of 1.5), with a median (range) age of 6.8 (2.4-31.3) years at enrollment and a median (range) time of 3.1 (0.6-9.0) years since initial chemotherapy. Participants received a median (range) of 4 (1-15) cycles. Treatment was outpatient with reversible neuropathic pain and without unexpected toxic effects. No maximum-tolerated dose was identified. Dose escalation was associated with increased serum levels and proceeded through dosage of 9.6 mg/kg/cycle (approximately 288 mg/m 2 ), which is more than 2.5 times higher than the standard dosage of 75 mg/m 2 /cycle or 100 mg/m 2 /cycle of dinutuximab and m3F8. Human antihuman antibody positivity developed in 5 of 57 patients (9%) after cycle 1, including in 1 of 10 patients (10%) not previously treated with anti-G D2 antibody and in 4 of 47 patients (9%) previously exposed to 1 or 2 anti-G D2 antibodies. Antineuroblastoma activity included major responses associated with higher dosing and prolonged progression-free survival despite a history of relapses. Conclusions and Relevance This phase 1 clinical trial found hu3F8 to be associated with modest toxic effects, low immunogenicity, and substantial antineuroblastoma activity; phase 2 trials are in progress. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT01757626
Mössbauer Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies of Iron Bimetallic Complexes Showing Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

Mossbauer spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations are reported for the mononuclear Fe–nitrosyl complex [Fe(N,N′-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,4-diazacycloheptane)NO] {[Fe(bme-dach)(NO)] (1)} and the series of dithiolate-bridged dinuclear complexes M-Fe(CO)Cp [M = Fe(bme-dach)(NO) (1-A), Ni(bme-dach) (2-A), and Co(bme-dach)(NO) (3-A)], in which M is a metallo-ligand to Fe(CO)Cp+ (Fe′Cp). The latter is an organometallic fragment in which Fe is coordinated by one CO and one cyclopentadienyl ligand. Complexes 1-A and 2-A were previously shown to have electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. Mononuclear {Fe-NO}7 complex 1, with overall spin of 1/2, has an isomer shift of 0.23(2) mm/s [ΔEQ = 1.37(2) mm/s] and magnetic hyperfine couplings of {−38 T, −26.8 T, 8.6 T}. In complexes 2-A and 3-A, Fe′(CO)Cp+ has a diamagnetic ground state and δ = 0.33(2) mm/s (ΔEQ ≈ 1.78 mm/s), consistent with a low-spin FeII site. In contrast, in complex 1-A, M = Fe(bme-dach)(NO) (i.e., complex 1) the magnetic hyp...
Comparative Evaluation of Compacting Process for Base Materials using Lab Compaction Methods

Precise characterization of the compactability of aggregates and soils in the laboratory has always been a challenge to pavement technologists. The present study investigated compactability of aggr...
“A Whole New Set of Stars”: Poetics and Revolutionary Consciousness

This chapter argues that anti-capitalist poetry encodes the contours of revolutionary consciousness through its formal techniques of parataxis, nested figurative language, catalogues of affect, and distended temporalization of historical time. In close readings of works by Langston Hughes, Kenneth Fearing, Gwendolyn Brooks, Sean Bonney, and Keston Sutherland, I show how poets develop strategies to make categories often considered abstract concretely available to thought and action, including socially necessary labor time, revolutionary structures of feeling, solidarity, the post-capitalist lifeworld, and city-wide and international landscapes of revolt and struggle. To these ends, the chapter examines how poetry constellates the mediations that structure the subject becoming revolutionary.
EarlGrey: iOS UI automation testing tool

In this paper, we outline the challenges faced in scalable UI testing of applications on the iOS platform. We analyze how different existing UI testing tools have provided solutions for them and highlight EarlGrey, Google's in-house multi-process UI Automation testing tool. We delve into the technical aspects of EarlGrey in regards to these challenges.
Kidney transplant outcomes in recipients with visual, hearing, physical and walking impairments: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND Disability in general has been associated with poor outcomes in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. However, disability can be derived from various components, specifically visual, hearing, physical and walking impairments. Different impairments may compromise the patient through different mechanisms and might impact different aspects of KT outcomes. METHODS In our prospective cohort study (June 2013-June 2017), 465 recipients reported hearing, visual, physical and walking impairments before KT. We used hybrid registry-augmented Cox regression, adjusting for confounders using the US KT population (Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, N = 66 891), to assess the independent association between impairments and post-KT outcomes [death-censored graft failure (DCGF) and mortality]. RESULTS In our cohort of 465 recipients, 31.6% reported one or more impairments (hearing 9.3%, visual 16.6%, physical 9.1%, walking 12.1%). Visual impairment was associated with a 3.36-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-9.65] higher DCGF risk, however, hearing [2.77 (95% CI 0.78-9.82)], physical [0.67 (95% CI 0.08-3.35)] and walking [0.50 (95% CI 0.06-3.89)] impairments were not. Walking impairment was associated with a 3.13-fold (95% CI 1.32-7.48) higher mortality risk, however, visual [1.20 (95% CI 0.48-2.98)], hearing [1.01 (95% CI 0.29-3.47)] and physical [1.16 (95% CI 0.34-3.94)] impairments were not. CONCLUSIONS Impairments are common among KT recipients, yet only visual impairment and walking impairment are associated with adverse post-KT outcomes. Referring nephrologists and KT centers should identify recipients with visual and walking impairments who might benefit from targeted interventions pre-KT, additional supportive care and close post-KT monitoring.
A Case of Salmonella and a Small Bowel Obstruction

Case Presentation: A 70 year old female with a past medical history significant for end stage renal disease secondary to polycystic kidney disease status post failed renal transplant now on peritoneal dialysis presented to the emergency department with hypotension after three days of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea at home. She was started on intravenous fluids with improvement in her blood pressure. Peritoneal fluid analysis showed no suggestion of peritonitis. Given her presentation, a gastrointestinal illness was suspected. Stool studies were collected and later returned …
Overtransmission of Rossby Waves at a Lower-Layer Critical Latitude in the Two-Layer Model

AbstractRossby waves, propagating from the midlatitudes toward the tropics, are typically absorbed by critical latitudes (CLs) in the upper troposphere. However, these waves typically encounter CLs...
Linear and Nonlinear Waves

Our initial foray into the vast mathematical continent that comprises partial differential equations will begin with some basic first-order equations. In applications, first-order partial differential equations are most commonly used to describe dynamical processes, and so time, t, is one of the independent variables.
Digesta kinetics, energy intake, grazing behavior, and body temperature of grazing beef cattle differing in adaptation to heat.

The objective of this study was to determine whether digesta kinetics, energy intake (EI, kcal ME intake x kg(-.75) x d(-1)), grazing behavior, or body temperature differed by breed, lactational state, or season of the year among cattle presumed to vary in adaptability to the subtropics. Two-year-old lactating and nonlactating Brahman x Angus (BA; n = 5, n = 5), Tuli x Angus (TA; n = 5, n = 4), and Angus (A; n = 4, n = 4) cows were used. During both early (ES) and late summer (LS), lactating cattle vs nonlactating cattle had greater gastrointestinal tract load (CM2) and EI (P .48). During LS, lactating cattle had decreased early morning rectal temperatures (P .26) late afternoon rectal temperatures compared with BA and TA. With data pooled over both grazing trials, BA cattle had the smallest CM2 (P .28) early morning rectal temperatures compared with BA during ES and LS. During LS, TA spent more time in the sun and less time in the shade than did either A or BA (P .50). During LS, EI for lactating A was greater than for BA and TA (P < .05), and EI for nonlactating BA was less than for A and TA (P < .05). Bite rate per minute for lactating cattle during ES was reduced (P < .03) by increased body condition score. Tuli x Angus cattle appear to be comparable to BA with respect to heat adaptation. It appears that EI demands are greater in a hot environment.
Simulating Quantum Wavepackets with Non-Diffracting Pendulum Beams

Exploiting similarities between the Schrodinger and Helmholtz equations we prepare optical beams that simulate quantum solutions of the simple mechanical pendulum. We did laboratory investigations of optical patterns that correlated with the probabilities in the quantum pendulum. Coherent superpositions of modes simulated quantum wavepackets in the linear-harmonic-oscillator and nonlinear-Mathieu regimes.
CTRP3 and serum triglycerides in children aged 7-10 years.

Introduction The prevalence of obesity-related disorders has been steadily increasing over the past couple of decades. Diseases that were once only detected in adults are now prevalent in children, such as hyperlipidemia. The adipose tissue-derived hormonal factor C1q TNF Related Protein 3 (CTRP3) has been linked to triglyceride regulation especially in animal models. However, the relationship between circulating CTRP3 levels and obesity-related disorders in human subjects is controversial. CTRP3 can circulate in different oligomeric complexes: trimeric ( 300 kDa). Previous work has identified that it is not the total amount of CTRP3 present in the serum, but the specific circulating oligomeric complexes that appear to be indicative of the relationship between CTRP3 and serum lipids levels. However, this work has not been examined in children. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the levels of different oligomeric complexes of CTRP3 and circulating lipid levels among young children (aged 7-10 years). Methods Morphometric data and serum samples were collected and analyzed from a cross-sectional population of 62 children of self-identified Hispanic origin from a community health center, between 2015 and 2016. Serum analysis included adiponectin, insulin, leptin, ghrelin, glucagon, C-reactive peptide, triglyceride, cholesterol, IL-6, TNF, and CTRP3. Correlation analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between CTRP3 and other biomarkers. Results Total CTRP3 concentrations were significantly positively correlated with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Whereas, HMW CTRP3 was not significantly associated with any variable measured. Conversely, the middle molecular weight (MMW) CTRP3 was negatively correlated with triglycerides levels, and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), insulin, and body mass index (BMI). The negative correlations between MMW CTRP3 and triglycerides and VLDLs were particularly strong (r2 = -0.826 and -0.827, respectively). Conclusion Overall, these data indicate that the circulating oligomeric state of CTRP3 and not just total CTRP3 level is important for understanding the association between CTRP3 and metabolic diseases. Further, this work indicates that MMW CTRP3 plays an important role in triglyceride and VLDL regulation which requires further study.
Application of Computerized Adaptive Testing to the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure.

Background:Patient-reported outcome measures are an increasingly important tool for assessing the impact of treatments orthopedic surgeons render. Despite their importance, they can present a burde...
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Specialty Clinics in the USA.

Background Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a complex disease that is optimally managed with specialized care. Data on HS specialty clinics (HSSCs) are lacking. Methods HSSCs in the USA were identified on the HS Foundation website and analyzed for geographic location and clinic director demographics. Results We identified 29 HSSCs in 16 states, an increase from 22 in 2019. Thirty-four states currently lack a HSSC; the Mountain West and East South Central regions of the USA are particularly affected. Among HSSC directors, the majority (93.3%) are dermatologists, with slightly more women (53.3%) than men (46.7%). Most (86.7%) have an academic affiliation, and the majority (60%) graduated from residency <10 years ago. All directors are involved in research, and over half of HSSCs serve as HS clinical trial sites. Conclusions The number of HSSCs in the USA has been growing, yet there remains a dearth in certain regions. Given that HS is a disease with high unmet need and a rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape, we encourage the establishment of more HSSCs to improve access to specialized care.
Europe’s COVID-19 Crisis Response: A Race Well Run, But Not Yet Won

While Europe’s response to the pandemic has been laudable, there remains more to be done in order to prevent economic scarring and ensure a robust recovery.