cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a New Method for Assessing Change to Planned Job Redesign as Applied to Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristic Model.

Abstract Field experiments have not consistently supported the J. R. Hackman and G. R. Oldham ( Organizational Behavior and Human Performance , 1976, 16, 250–279) model of job redesign. One explanation for this could be the inability of Pre and Post ratings to accurately measure individual perceptions of change when the intervention impacts on the frame of reference used by the individual to anchor responses. A solution would be use of retrospective ratings following recommendations by G. S. Howard, K. M. Ralph, N. A. Gulanick, S. E. Maxwell, D. W. Nance, and S. R. Gerber ( Applied Psychological Measurement , 1979, 3 , 7–23) in their research on response shifts. An experimental simulation was conducted with 48 subjects working on what they thought was a proposed work-study job. Results indicated that retrospective ratings were internally valid measures as no bias due to saliency, priming, or order effects was observed. Although evidence of a response shift was not found, the technique was sensitive to objective job changes and using a within-subjects design the Hackman and Oldham model was supported. Implications of retrospective rating methodologies for future research on employee reactions to job or organization change are discussed.
Stable chlorine isotopes in halite and brine from the Gulf Coast Basin : Brine genesis and evolution

Stable chlorine isotope data, used in conjunction with other geochemical parameters, are useful in determining the origin of solute in formation waters with salinity different from that of seawater. Jurassic salt in the Gulf Coast Basin has δ37Cl ranges of −0.5‰ to 0.3‰ (bedded) and 0.0‰ to 0.5‰ (diapiric). The values for bedded salt are consistent with a δ37Cl value of 0.0‰ for Jurassic seawater chloride, as in modern oceans. The slightly higher values for diapiric salt are possibly caused by incongruent solution of halite. Formation waters have a δ37Cl range of −1.9‰ to 0.7‰. Waters with δ37Cl −0.2‰. Low-salinity water from geopressured aquifers appears to have resulted from shale dewatering. Low δ37Cl values in such water are related to low mCl/mNa (a parameter indicating dewatering) but show no general relationship to Cl/Br. They are consistent with diffusion of chloride from allochthonous brine. Diffusion can generate domains of water with negative δ37Cl on a scale of hundreds of meters in 104–106 years, and may also generate positive-δ37Cl chloride in residual source brine.
Isometric Shoulder Strength Reference Values for Physically Active Collegiate Males and Females

Background:It is common clinical practice to assess muscle strength during examination of patients following shoulder injury or surgery. Strength comparisons are often made between the patient’s injured and uninjured shoulders, with the uninjured side used as a reference without regard to upper extremity dominance. Despite the importance of strength measurements, little is known about expected normal baselines of the uninjured shoulder. The purpose of this study was to report normative values for isometric shoulder strength for physically active college-age men and women without history of shoulder injury.Methods:University students—546 males (18.8 ± 1.0 years, 75.3 ± 12.2 kg) and 73 females (18.7 ± 0.9 years, 62.6 ± 7.0 kg)—underwent thorough shoulder evaluations by an orthopaedic surgeon and completed bilateral isometric strength measurements with a handheld dynamometer. Variables measured included internal rotation, external rotation, abduction, supine internal rotation and external rotation at 45°, an...
Iwasawa L-Functions of Elliptic Curves with Additive Reduction

Abstract In this paper we investigate the Iwasawa L-functions of elliptic curves with potentially multiplicative reduction and prove analogues of the conjectures of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer for them.
Unfolding CR Singularities

A notion of unfolding, or multi-parameter deformation, of CR singularities of real submanifolds in complex manifolds is proposed, along with a definition of equivalence of unfoldings under the action of a group of analytic transformations. In the case of real surfaces in complex $2$-space, deformations of elliptic, hyperbolic, and parabolic points are analyzed by putting the parameter-dependent real analytic defining equations into normal forms up to some order. For some real analytic unfoldings in higher codimension, the method of rapid convergence is used to establish real algebraic normal forms. Table of Contents: Introduction; Topological considerations; Local defining equations and transformations; A complexification construction; Real surfaces in $\mathbb{C}^2$; Real $m$-submanifolds in $\mathbb{C}^n, m < n$; Rapid convergence proof of the main theorem; Some other directions; Bibliography. (MEMO/205/962)
The delay-optimal number of hops in Poisson multi-hop networks

We study the delay and throughput in a wireless multihop network with sources that form a Poisson point process and relays which are placed equidistantly on the sourcedestination line. A combined TDMA/ALOHA MAC protocol with intra-route TDMA and inter-route ALOHA is employed. We give bounds on the delay-optimal number of hops and derive the asymptotic delay-throughput tradeoff as the source-destination distance R gets large. The delay includes both the service times and waiting times in the buffers of the typical route. One main finding is that when the transmission probability and number of hops are jointly optimized for minimum delay, the number of hops scales as R⅔ while the delay scales as R4over3.
On Measuring Stress Distributions in Epithelia

Many biological tissues are organized as epithelia (i.e., thin cell sheets). Herein, we present a technique to estimate the stress distribution and local material properties in an epithelial membrane. Circular holes are perforated through the tissue to determine the principal stretch ratios; experimentally measured changes in hole geometry are used in combination with finite element modeling to evaluate the stresses and constitutive response. The method is demonstratively applied to the embryonic chick blastoderm, since mechanical stresses have been identified as potential regulators of early development. Due to its small scale, other more traditional mechanical tests have proven intractable for this tissue.
Predicted solar flare activity for the 1990s : possible effects on navigation systems

The current solar cycle, which began in September 1986, may prove to be the highest ever, as measured by sunspot numbers and radio flux. The cycle's frequent and strong solar flare activity can be illustrated by the March 1989 episode, which caused many problems for navigation systems. Flares and the geomagnetic storms that sometimes accompany them can disrupt low-frequency systems such as Loran-C, as well as the satellite-borne GPS. Although the maximum of the solar cycle is expected during the first quarter of 1990, flare activity is likely to persist at high levels for a few years to follow. Geomagnetic activity may occur at any time in the cycle, and thus geomagnetic disruptions are possible at any point in the 1990s. 5 refs.
Androcentric Bias in the Educational Administration Quarterly

To demonstrate that social science research has generally ignored the role of women, articles appearing in the EAQ throughout the decade of the '70s are analyzed for and rocentric bias. Content analysis across six categories was conducted using criteria developed for gender-related issues in educational administration research. Instances of androcentric bias discovered using these criteria are enumerated.
Far-field wireless power delivery and power management for low-power sensors

This paper presents an overview of a system for wireless far-field powering of unattended distributed wireless sensors, including the power reception device design and optimization, power transmission, power management and control. Design and measured data of implementations of the various parts of the system in the 2GHz cellular and 2.45GHz unlicensed bands will be shown. A design methodology for antennas integrated with rectifiers (rectennas) optimized for efficiency at low incident power levels (5-100uW/cm2) will be presented. Integration of rectenna elements and arrays with the electronic application (wireless sensing in this case) requires power management, and some approaches that consume very low power levels will be presented. Possible applications such as sensors for comfort, performance and security of commercial and residential buildings will be discussed.
The effect of polyamide end-group configuration on morphology and toughness of blends with maleated elastomers

The effect of polyamide end-group configuration on morphology generation and toughness of blends with maleated elastomers was investigated. Two difunctional polyamides, a copolymer containing 15% nylon 6,6 and an amine enriched nylon 6, were compared to monofunctional nylon 6 materials of equivalent molecular weight and melt viscosity. Difunctional polyamides have some chains with amine groups on both ends capable of reacting with the maleated rubber phase resulting in crosslinking-type effects. The elastomers used included styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers with a hydrogenated midblock, SEBS, and versions with X% grafted maleic anhydride, SEBS-g-MA-X%, and a maleated ethylene/propylene random copolymer, EPR-g-MA. Blends based on difunctional polyamides form large, complex rubber particles when compounded in a single-screw extruder; however, by compounding with an appropriate twin-screw extruder, the size and complexity of the particles can be reduced to levels similar to blends with the monofunctional nylon 6 controls. Measurement of the extent of reaction between the amine end groups and the grafted maleic anhydride revealed that a larger number of amine groups are consumed for the difunctional polyamides than for their monofunctional controls. The room-temperature Izod impact strength of blends with the difunctional polyamides is greater than are the corresponding blends with the controls; however, subambient toughness depends mainly on the inherent ductility of the polyamide matrix. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Positive propylene glycol result in a patient with ethylene glycol poisoning.

A 61-year-old man presented with an increased anion-gap metabolic acidosis, an increased serum osmolal gap, and a negative result in an alcohol screen. Gas chromatography revealed an increased ethylene glycol (EG)2 concentration (22 mg/dL) and a propylene glycol (PG) result that was below the lower limit of quantification (<5 mg/dL) (Fig. 1A). The patient was treated with hemodialysis, followed by phenytoin and a high-dose lorazepam infusion for a witnessed seizure. …
Tests of the contribution of acclimation to geographic variation in water loss rates of the West Indian lizard Anolis cristatellus

Phenotypic plasticity can contribute to the process of adaptive radiation by facilitating population persistence in novel environments. West Indian Anolis lizards provide a classic example of an adaptive radiation, in which divergence has occurred along two primary ecological axes: structural microhabitat and climate. Adaptive plasticity in limb morphology is hypothesized to have facilitated divergence along the structural niche axis in Anolis, but very little work has explored plasticity in physiological traits. Here, we experimentally ask whether Puerto Rican Anolis cristatellus from mesic and xeric habitats differ in desiccation rates, and whether these lizards exhibit an acclimation response to changes in relative humidity. We first present microclimatic data collected at lizard perch sites that demonstrate that abiotic conditions experienced by lizards differ between mesic and xeric habitat types. In Experiment 1, we measured desiccation rates of lizards from both habitats maintained under identical laboratory conditions. This experiment demonstrated that desiccation rates differ between populations; xeric lizards lose water more slowly than mesic lizards. In Experiment 2, lizards from each habitat were either maintained under the conditions of Experiment 1, or under extremely low relative humidity. Desiccation rates did not differ between lizards from the same habitat maintained under different treatments and xeric lizards maintained lower desiccation rates than mesic lizards within each treatment. Our results demonstrate that A. cristatellus does not exhibit an acclimation response to abrupt changes of hydric conditions, and suggest that tropical Anolis lizards might be unable to exhibit physiological plasticity in desiccation rates in response to varying climatic conditions.
Myofascial pain syndromes and their evaluation

Myofascial pain refers to a specific form of soft-tissue rheumatism that results from irritable foci (trigger points) within skeletal muscles and their ligamentous junctions. It must be distinguished from bursitis, tendonitis, hypermobility syndromes, fibromyalgia and fasciitis. On the other hand it often exists as part of a clinical complex that includes these other soft-tissue conditions, i.e., it is not a diagnosis of exclusion. The clinical science of trigger points can be traced to the pioneering work of Kellgren in the 1930s, with his mapping of myotomal referral patterns of pain resulting from the injection of hypertonic saline into muscle and ligaments. Most muscles have characteristic myotomal patterns of referred pain; this feature forms the basis of the clinical recognition of myofascial trigger points in the form of a tender locus within a taut band of muscle which restricts the full range of motion and refers pain centrifugally when stimulated. Although myofascial pain syndromes have been described in the medical literature for about the last 100 years, it is only recently that scientific studies have revealed objective abnormalities.
A comparison of the CHARMM, AMBER and ECEPP potentials for peptides. II. Phi-psi maps for N-acetyl alanine N'-methyl amide: comparisons, contrasts and simple experimental tests.

Abstract φ-ψ maps of N-acetyl alanine N′-methyl amide have been computed using the CHARMM potential, the all-atom AMBER potential, and the ECEPP/2 potential, before and after adiabatic relaxation. Maps using the CHARMM and AMBER potentials were determined with values of 1.0 and 4.0 for the dielectric constant e, and with a distance dependent dielectric constant. Adiabatic relaxation was carried out using flexible geometry for the CHARMM and AMBER potentials, and using rigid geometry for the AMBER and ECEPP potentials. In all cases, the lowest energy was found in the C7 eq region (φ −70°, ψ ∼ 70°). The maps with CHARMM and AMBER with e = 4.0 and with ECEPP, without adiabatic relaxation, were broadly similar but differed in the relative energies allotted to high-energy regions of the map. After adiabatic relaxation with rigid geometry, the map with ECEPP, and the map with AMBER using a distance-dependent dielectric constant, agreed fairly well apart from differences in the relative energies of the αR, αL an...
Design and performance of a thermal-neutron double-crystal diffractometer for USANS at NIST

An ultra-high-resolution small-angle neutron scattering (USANS) double-crystal diffractometer (DCD) is now in operation at the NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR). The instrument uses multiple reflections from large silicon (220) perfect single crystals, before and after the sample, to produce both high beam intensity and a low instrument background suitable for small-angle scattering measurements. The minimum detector background to beam intensity ratio (noise-to-signal, N/S) for q ≥ 5 × 10−4 A−1 is 4 × 10−7. The instrument uses 2.38 A wavelength neutrons on a dedicated thermal neutron beam port, producing a peak flux on the sample of 17300 cm−2 s−1. The typical measurement range of the instrument extends from 3 × 10−5 A−1 to 5 × 10−3 A−1 in scattering wavevector (q), providing information on material structure over the size range from 0.1 µm to 20 µm. This paper describes the design and characteristics of the instrument, the mode of operation, and presents data that demonstrate the instrument's performance.
Remodelling marketing communications in an Internet environment

Argues that the Internet demands a significant review of approaches to marketing communications at both the strategic and tactical levels. At the strategic level in e‐business applications the way in which marketing communication is integrated with business operations makes it difficult to continue to view marketing communications as a distinct and bounded area of activity. The level of integration of marketing communications and their role in e‐commerce depends on the stage of development of e‐commerce. At the tactical level, channel, message and audience characteristics have implications for attracting attention, cultivating awareness, and assessing the impact of communications and promotional activities. An Appendix offers an extensive list of questions for research and innovation.
Computer-Based Learning: Graphical Integration of Whole and Sectional Neuroanatomy Improves Long-Term Retention

A study was conducted to test the hypothesis that instruction with graphically integrated representations of whole and sectional neuroanatomy is especially effective for learning to recognize neural structures in sectional imagery (such as magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). Neuroanatomy was taught to two groups of participants using computer graphical models of the human brain. Both groups learned whole anatomy first with a three-dimensional model of the brain. One group then learned sectional anatomy using two-dimensional sectional representations, with the expectation that there would be transfer of learning from whole to sectional anatomy. The second group learned sectional anatomy by moving a virtual cutting plane through the three-dimensional model. In tests of long-term retention of sectional neuroanatomy, the group with graphically integrated representation recognized more neural structures that were known to be challenging to learn. This study demonstrates the use of graphical representation to fa...
An RF Channel Emulator-Based Testbed for Cooperative Transmission Using Wireless Sensor Devices

In this paper, the issues and methods regarding setting up the testbed for measuring the performance of cooperative transmission is introduced. Also, some experiments on both the testbed and the performance of cooperative transmission is introduced and discussed. This testbed is novel in the sense that it uses actual sensor devices along with the channel emulator, which allows us to emulate the exact channels we want without looking for suitable channel environments. We consider the two- hop relay network for our target network model, and cooperative transmission scheme we have selected is decode-and-forward fixed relaying scheme introduced.
Picosecond Diagnosis of CO2 Laser Produced Plasmas

The investigation of the interaction of intense 10 μm laser radiation with solid targets has in the past few years acquired increased significance due to the potential application of CO2 lasers towards the achievement of laser fusion. In parallel to this effort, similar investigations are underway utilising 1μm radiation from high power Nd: glass lasers. Although in many respects the stringent experimental demands on plasma and laser diagnosis are similar in both investigations, the difference in operating wavelength range has forced the development of alternative approaches toward the achievement of these aims. This has become particularly evident in those areas involving ultrafast diagnosis of the laser pulse characteristics and in the characterisation of the plasma by fast optical analysis. Whereas in the near IR and visible region the relative abundance of available sensitive ultrafast detectors and techniques has permitted accurate laser beam characterisation, comparable diagnosis in the CO2 laser range has presented many challenging problems, which apparently will only be overcome by the adoption of novel techniques. In this paper, we wish to describe some of the approaches we have adopted to provide picosecond optical diagnostics in an investigation of the interaction of intense (>1014W cm-2) short (∿l ns) CO2 laser pulses with solid targets.
ACTS-a communications system for the future

The paper describes the new technologies in the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS), and their relevance to today's burgeoning field of digital communications, with applications ranging from voice telephony to gigahertz channels for supercomputer interconnections. The ACTS satellite was developed and built by Martin Marietta under contract to the NASA Lewis Research Center and launched on the Space Shuttle in September 1993. Its purpose is to maintain US leadership in satellite communications. ACTS provides an on-orbit digital communications laboratory available, free of charge, to US industry, academia and government agencies in order to conduct experiments in digital communications to help in defining future systems. The paper also discusses the types of experiments, the agencies conducting them, and the equipment that has been developed to conduct them. >
English in Germany: contact, spread and attitudes

: The majority of studies examining English in Germany have been rather narrow in focus, addressing largely the phenomenon of Anglicisms in the German language. In the late 1980s, however, scholars began looking beyond Anglicisms to consider the broader topic of the English language in the German context. This paper presents a qualitative, macrosociolinguistic profile of English in the largest of the German-speaking countries, and also Europe's most powerful economy, the Federal Republic of Germany. Utilizing Kachru's world Englishes model as a theoretical framework, this study examines the following issues for a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of English in Germany today: the history of contact, the functional range of English, and the attitudes associated with the language.
Complexity Assessment and Monitoring to Ensure Optimal Outcomes Tool for Measuring Pediatric Critical Care Nursing

Background Historically, nursing productivity has been measured in adult settings and based on time, intensity, and resource allocation. Objective To develop a comprehensive measure of pediatric critical care nursing workload. Methods An expert panel of pediatric critical care nurses used a modified Delphi method to identify 14 domains of nursing care with a number of corresponding care items in each domain. By consensus, they assigned each care item a cognitive complexity rating from 1 to 5. The panel next developed a classification system (classes I-V) to support interpretation of the patient's total score. The Complexity Assessment and Monitoring to Ensure Optimal Outcomes (CAMEO) tool was initiated with a cohort of 75 pediatric cardiac critical care patients to verify comprehensive capture of nursing care. Results of completed CAMEO tools were summarized by using descriptive statistics. Results The cognitive workload across 14 domains of care was described, and each care item in the domain was scored. The range of CAMEO total scores was 25 to 230 (median, 124). For the initial cohort of patients, the cognitive complexity of care classifications were 13% as class I or II, 80% as class III or IV, and 7% as class V. Conclusions The CAMEO tool was comprehensive in describing and quantifying the cognitive workload of pediatric critical care nurses. The CAMEO classification process informs staffing needs that support synergy between the needs of patients and their families and nurses' knowledge and skill. Articulation of nursing care focused on informed clinical decision making is needed to justify the value of skilled nurses.
Permission fees for reproducing tables in journal articles are exorbitant.

Publishers’ charging for reproducing scoring systems is indeed a growing problem in medical publishing that is anti-scientific and not in the best interests of patients.1 Medical students, physicians, and other health professionals should not have to pay a licensing fee to …
Structure of Self-assembled Magnetic FePtCu Nanoparticles Arrays

In this study, a series of FexPtyCu100-x-y nanoparticles were chemically synthesized by solution-phase reduction of platinum and copper reagents and thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of stabilizers oleic acid and oleyl amine. As-prepared particles had a chemically disordered face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice with an average diameter of 3.5 nm. The particle size, and the corresponding size distribution were controlled by varying the organic surfactant (oleic acids, etc.), its concentration, and the reaction temperature. These particles were well dispersed in hydrocarbon solvents and self-assembled into two or three dimensions particles arrays with a variety of closepacking arrangements. Domain of monolayers, bilayers and multilayers of particles arrays were frequently detected in TEM specimens. Both cubic close-packed (ccp) and honeycomb arrays were also uniquely observed. It was also demonstrated that the controlled organic surfactant layer (organic capping) play a crucial role in determining assembly dimensions and symmetry as well as particle packing arrays.
Effect of Sorghum Webworm on Yield of Grain Sorghum in Oklahoma

The sorghum webworm, Celama sorghiella (Riley), is a potential threat to sorghum production in Oklahoma, and in years of higher-than-normal precipitation, late plantings may sustain heavy losses. Populations of the pest were regulated experimentally by treatment with doses of mevinphos, and the amount of grain consumed at the different population levels was estimated. Each larva consumed an average of 0.79 g of grain. At an assumed market price of $1.90 per hundredweight and a total treatment cost of $2.50 per acre, a saving of 132 lb of sorghum per acre would just offset the cost of treatment. With an average distance between heads of 8 inches and a row spacing of 40 inches, a population level of approximately 5 larvae per head should justify treatment.
“Seismology” by Hugh Doyle

I recently met a woman who had moved to St. Louis from Texas. When I told her that I was a seismologist, she replied that, yes, one of her ex-husbands had been in the oil business, too. She was taken aback, and somewhat bored, when I told her that I knew nothing about the oil business, and that I used seismology to study the structure of the deep mantle and core. But her comment reminded me that seismology is a very broad field that means very different things to different people, and the seismology of shallow crustal structure is a very different field from the seismology of deep Earth geodynamics. A recent introductory book, Seismology , by Hugh Doyle, attempts to bring these two schools to the same level and to present the fundamentals of both Earth structure and exploration seismology. The book is an enjoyable overview of many aspects of...
Neutron Activation Cross Sections for Br 79 , Br 81 , Rh 103 , In 115 , I 127 , and Ta 181

Neutron activation cross sections for ${\mathrm{Br}}^{79}$, ${\mathrm{Br}}^{81}$, ${\mathrm{Rh}}^{103}$, ${\mathrm{In}}^{115}$, ${\mathrm{I}}^{127}$, and ${\mathrm{Ta}}^{181}$ have been measured in the incident neutron energy range from 130 to 1800 keV. The results agree rather well with other activation measurements. The activation cross sections are combined to form the total neutron-capture cross sections of the natural elements and compared with the capture gamma-ray data of Diven et al. and Gibbons et al. The elemental cross sections agree rather well with the results of Diven et al. but do not agree with the lower results of Gibbons et al.
Optical Characterization of Ultra-Thin InAs Strain-Layer Quantum Wells Grown on (511) GaAs Substrate

Absorption, photoluminescence, photoreflectance and transmission electron microscopy measurements have been performed on 2 and 3-monolayer thin InAs quantum wells(QW) (with 250A wide GaAs barriers) grown on (511) GaAs substrate. For comparison, similar samples grown on (100) substrates have also been studied. (511)-grown thin quantum wells may have possible quantum wire configuration. However, polarization studies show a small anisotropic absorption from the (511) sample, which indicates that the optical property of the (511)-quantum well is different than either that of a quantum wire or that of a (l00)-grown quantum well structures. A theoretical calculation, making a unitary transformation of the valence band k•P Hamiltonian matrix to the (511) base, and using a perturbation method to determine the new wavefunctions, yield an anisotropic absorption comparable with the experimental result. We have also compared the transition energies from PL data with the calculated one using the conventional effective mass approximation.
STASIS DERMATITIS AND LEG ULCERS.

Control of venous insufficiency in stasis dermatitis or ulceration, or both, depends on preventing edema.In stasis dermatitis, bed rest and a 30 degree elevation of the lower extremities may be sufficient to alleviate the edema. Further treatment depends on the severity of the skin eruption, infection, etc.Principles of managing ulcerations are essentially the same as in stasis dermatitis; however, in addition to resolving the edema it is necessary to maintain a physiologic pressure gradient.The author describes the pressure-gradient technics which he has used for the past decade in healing stasis ulcers occurring below the knee.
Construction and analysis of infectious clones of HFMD from serious cases in Shenzhen city

Objective To find the virulence site and identify the anti-EV71 drugs,an infectious clone of HFMD from serious case was constructed and analyzed.Methods Two serious cases were determined of EV71 infection by fluorescence RTPCR,and then the full length cDNA were obtained by RT-PCR and cloned into TOPO-XL-PCR vector.The in vitro transcripts of these clones were transfected into RD-A cells,and the successfully recovered viruses were determined by CPE(cytopathic effect) and IF(indirect immunofluorescence) observation.The whole genome of the infectious clone was sequenced and analyzed.Results We got an infectious clone from two constructions,the cytopathic efficiency of this clone was comparable to the isolated virus,and the whole genome sequence alignment showed it belonged to the C4a subtype.Conclusion The EV71 infectious clone construction system has been set up in our lab,and will be used to identify the pathogenic factors and screening for anti-EV71 drugs.
Modulation of ATP production by oxygen in obstructive lung disease as assessed by 31P-MRS

Inadequate O2 supply may impair intramuscular oxidative metabolism and O2 availability may modulate ATP production within exercising muscle. Therefore, we studied ATP flux from anaerobic glycolysis, the creatine kinase reaction, and oxidative phosphorylation using 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy kinetic data collected during exercise. We examined six chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with severe hypoxemia (group 1), seven COPD patients with mild hypoxemia (group 2), and seven healthy control subjects. Exercise (90-s isometric contraction of the gastrocnemius-soleus muscle group, 40% of max) was performed on room air for all subjects; for COPD patients, it was repeated during supplemental O2 at identical power outputs, with 60-min rest between the two sets. In group 1 (air vs. O2), oxidative phosphorylation ATP production was lower (P < 0.05), anaerobic glycolysis ATP production was higher (P < 0.05), and anaerobic glycolysis plus creatine kinase ATP production tended to be higher (P = 0.06). In group 2, no differences were observed across conditions. Assuming that mitochondrial size, density, function, and redox state were not affected by acute changes in the inspired O2 fraction, reduced O2 availability is the remaining factor that could have limited oxidative ATP production during hypoxemia. In conclusion, in severely hypoxemic COPD patients, O2 availability apparently limits intramuscular oxidative metabolism because acute hypoxemia increases anaerobic and decreases aerobic ATP production.
The Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Human Leukocyte Alpha-Interferon

An extended phase II trial of human leukocyte (alpha) interferon was done in 48 patients with measurable metastatic renal cell carcinoma, 43 of whom were evaluable. Of these patients 1 (2.5 per cent) had a complete response that was maintained after 19 months, 6 (14 per cent) had a partial response and an additional 23 per cent had either a minimal response or stabilization of previously growing metastases for greater than 3 months. Toxicity caused termination of treatment in only 1 patient and generally was tolerable. Major toxicity consisted of fever (80 per cent), fatigue (80 per cent) and hematologic toxicity (42 per cent), which was severe in only 2 patients. Characteristics of patients responding to therapy were good performance status, previous nephrectomy and metastases limited to the lungs. The results achieved with human leukocyte interferon were superior to those achieved by immunotherapy or chemotherapy at this and other institutions, and further trials are warranted.
Interference-tolerant multi-user radar system using one-coincidence frequency hopping code with 1GHz bandwidth at 24GHz

This paper presents an interference-tolerant radar which can endure multiple signals transmitted from adjacent vehicles for autonomous driving applications. The interference-tolerant property has been realized by applying a specific code-division multiplexing method, involved with one-coincidence frequency hopping code, to the continuous-wave radar. We have implemented such a radar prototype in 65-nm CMOS operating at 24 GHz with 1 GHz bandwidth (equivalently with 15 cm range resolution). Measurements indicate that the prototype can support up to 22 adjacent vehicles simultaneously by using the optimal Hamming correlation property of the extended hyperbolic congruential code.
Methylated α-tubulin antibodies recognize a new microtubule modification on mitotic microtubules.

ABSTRACTPosttranslational modifications (PTMs) on microtubules differentiate these cytoskeletal elements for a variety of cellular functions. We recently identified SETD2 as a dual-function histone and microtubule methyltransferase, and methylation as a new microtubule PTM that occurs on lysine 40 of α-tubulin, which is trimethylated (α-TubK40me3) by SETD2. In the course of these studies, we generated polyclonal (α-TubK40me3 pAb) and monoclonal (α-TubK40me3 mAb) antibodies to a methylated α-tubulin peptide (GQMPSD-Kme3-TIGGGDC). Here, we characterize these antibodies, and the specific mono-, di- or tri-methylated lysine residues they recognize. While both the pAb and mAb antibodies recognized lysines methylated by SETD2 on microtubules and histones, the clone 18 mAb was more specific for methylated microtubules, with little cross-reactivity for methylated histones. The clone 18 mAb recognized specific subsets of microtubules during mitosis and cytokinesis, and lacked the chromatin staining seen by immunoc...
Determinants of success in Shared Savings Programs: An analysis of ACO and market characteristics

Abstract Background Medicare's Accountable Care Organization (ACO) programs introduced shared savings to traditional Medicare, which allow providers who reduce health care costs for their patients to retain a percentage of the savings they generate. Objective To examine ACO and market factors associated with superior financial performance in Medicare ACO programs. Methods We obtained financial performance data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS); we derived market-level characteristics from Medicare claims; and we collected ACO characteristics from the National Survey of ACOs for 215 ACOs. We examined the association between ACO financial performance and ACO provider composition, leadership structure, beneficiary characteristics, risk bearing experience, quality and process improvement capabilities, physician performance management, market competition, CMS-assigned financial benchmark, and ACO contract start date. We examined two outcomes from Medicare ACOs’ first performance year: savings per Medicare beneficiary and earning shared savings payments (a dichotomous variable). Results When modeling the ACO ability to save and earn shared savings payments, we estimated positive regression coefficients for a greater proportion of primary care providers in the ACO, more practicing physicians on the governing board, physician leadership, active engagement in reducing hospital re-admissions, a greater proportion of disabled Medicare beneficiaries assigned to the ACO, financial incentives offered to physicians, a larger financial benchmark, and greater ACO market penetration. No characteristic of organizational structure was significantly associated with both outcomes of savings per beneficiary and likelihood of achieving shared savings. ACO prior experience with risk-bearing contracts was positively correlated with savings and significantly increased the likelihood of receiving shared savings payments. Conclusions In the first year, performance is quite heterogeneous, yet organizational structure does not consistently predict performance. Organizations with large financial benchmarks at baseline have greater opportunities to achieve savings. Findings on prior risk bearing suggest that ACOs learn over time under risk-bearing contracts. Implications Given the lack of predictive power for organizational characteristics, CMS should continue to encourage diversity in organizational structures for ACO participants, and provide alternative funding and risk bearing mechanisms to continue to allow a diverse group of organizations to participate. Level of evidence III
Emergency Department Youth Patients With Suicidal Ideation or Attempts: Predicting Suicide Attempts Through 18 Months of Follow-Up.

This prospective study of suicidal emergency department (ED) patients (ages 10–18) examined the timing, cumulative probability, and predictors of suicide attempts through 18 months of follow-up. The cumulative probability of attempts was as follows: .15 at 6 months, .22 at 1 year, and .24 by 18 months. One attempt was fatal, yielding a death rate of .006. Significant predictors of suicide attempt risk included a suicide attempt at ED presentation (vs. suicidal ideation only), nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior, and low levels of delinquent symptoms. Results underscore the importance of both prior suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-harm as risk indicators for future and potentially lethal suicide attempts.
Some integrals of the Dedekind η-function

Abstract This note presents selected values of the class of integrals ∫ 0 ∞ f ( x ) η n ( i x ) d x .
Hematologic abnormalities in patients with renal diseases

Renal diseases are associated with a host of hematologic abnormalities affecting erythropoiesis, thrombopoiesis, platelet function, coagulation, fibrinolysis, and immune function. Many of the abnormalities described in acute or chronic renal failure appear to be directly related to accumulation of uremic toxins, particularly those in the middle molecular range and may respond to dialysis treatment. The recent availability of recombinant human erythropoietin facilitated the demonstration that anemia in renal failure is predominantly due to inadequate production of erythropoietin, and evolution in the management of anemia in these patients is now likely. Renal cell carcinoma is associated with a variety of unusual hematologic manifestations that may be confused with other diseases, but when recognized provide an early clue to the presence of a renal tumor and result in successful therapy.
Characterization of the Effects of Small Molecules on Mountain Pine Bark Better Fungal Symbionts (Poster)

Several species of the bark beetle, in particular the Mountain Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae), are responsible for killing large numbers of trees over vast areas in western North America, including over 31 million trees in Montana. Most or all of these bark beetle species are host to a variety of ophiostomatoid fungi. Many of these fungi are carried in the mycangia, a specialized structure of the exoskeleton, and are critical nutritional mutualists to the beetle’s life cycle. Thus, one possible means of controlling or managing a beetle outbreak is to inhibit the growth of their associated fungi. These fungal spores are also indirectly introduced to the tree interior where they invade the phloem and sometimes the xylem of the tree that can possibly disrupt the water flow. Therefore, another possible prevention method might be inhibiting the fungi from mycelial growth on the tree itself. The first stage of this research is to test whether small molecule inhibitors are able to prevent growth for the fungal species associated with mountain pine beetles, (Grosmannia clavigera and Ophiostoma montium). The fungal species have shown sensitivity to the small molecule inhibitor, BH3I, especially G. clavigera. Because BH3I has potent antifungal activity, we will test its derivatives in hopes of finding additional small inhibitor molecules to effectively obstruct fungal growth. We can then begin testing different concentrations of the effective small molecules on the fungi, and furthermore, we can develop a tree-like environment to begin examining the effects of the inhibitors on the xylem and phloem of trees.
Development of Hard Tissues with Block Grafting Techniques

Adequate bone and soft tissue volume is necessary for long-term functional and aesthetic success of dental implants. This article discussed how much bone is needed for implant success as well as how to diagnose bone volume with the use of cone beam computed tomography. Options such as ridge split, guided bone regeneration with titanium membranes, and titanium mesh are discussed, but the focus of this chapter is block grafts. A decision tree is given for choosing a donor site for block grafts considering anatomic factors and patient comfort-related factors. For block grafts in the anterior mandible, the mandibular symphysis is the donor site of choice. The posterior mandible lends itself to harvest bone from the external oblique ridge or ramus. For the premaxilla, block allografts are the donor bone of choice. This chapter is dedicated to block allografts in the aesthetic zone of the premaxilla. The technique of incision design; recipient site preparation; releasing buccal flaps; placing fixation screws; shaping the block, particulate bone, and membranes; and suturing is covered. Complications of block grafting are briefly covered.
The affect of veteran activism

This paper examines the affects of veteran activism, primarily that of those who are doing work tied to ideals of social justice, and shows that this activism is a process of demilitarization. It a...
Reductions in Average Lengths of Stays for Surgical Procedures Between the 2008 and 2014 United States National Inpatient Samples Were Not Associated With Greater Incidences of Use of Postacute Care Facilities.

BACKGROUND Diagnosis-related group (DRG) based reimbursement creates incentives for reduction in hospital length of stay (LOS). Such reductions might be accomplished by lesser incidences of discharges to home. However, we previously reported that, while controlling for DRG, each 1-day decrease in hospital median LOS was associated with lesser odds of transfer to a postacute care facility (P = .0008). The result, though, was limited to elective admissions, 15 common surgical DRGs, and the 2013 US National Readmission Database. METHODS We studied the same potential relationship between decreased LOS and postacute care using different methodology and over 2 different years. The observational study was performed using summary measures from the 2008 and 2014 US National Inpatient Sample, with 3 types of categories (strata): (1) Clinical Classifications Software's classes of procedures (CCS), (2) DRGs including a major operating room procedure during hospitalization, or (3) CCS limiting patients to those with US Medicare as the primary payer. RESULTS Greater reductions in the mean LOS were associated with smaller percentages of patients with disposition to postacute care. Analyzed using 72 different CCSs, 174 DRGs, or 70 CCSs limited to Medicare patients, each pairwise reduction in the mean LOS by 1 day was associated with an estimated 2.6% ± 0.4%, 2.3% ± 0.3%, or 2.4% ± 0.3% (absolute) pairwise reduction in the mean incidence of use of postacute care, respectively. These 3 results obtained using bivariate weighted least squares linear regression were all P < .0001, as were the corresponding results obtained using unweighted linear regression or the Spearman rank correlation. CONCLUSIONS In the United States, reductions in hospital LOS, averaged over many surgical procedures, are not accomplished through a greater incidence of use of postacute care.
Non-representational news: An intervention into pseudo-events

This article introduces a journalistic intervention into routinized political ‘pseudo-events’ that can lull reporters and citizens into stultified complacency about public affairs while facilitatin...
Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Inflammatory Toxic Response by a Metal Chelator in Rat Eyes.

Purpose Metal ions play a key role in exacerbating toxicity associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. This study examines the effects of a formulation containing the metal chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and permeability enhancer methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) on the early course of inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). The proprietary MSM/EDTA formulation of Livionex, Inc., which was used for this study, is covered by several patents and pending patent applications. Methods EIU was induced by using subcutaneous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the thighs of Lewis rats. Treatment consisted of topical application to the eyes of either PBS or eye drops designated as ME that contain EDTA and MSM. Clinical signs of uveitis were monitored at 6 and 24 hours postinjection. Oxidative and inflammatory markers were evaluated by ELISA or immunohistochemistry. Results Rats treated with ME showed fewer clinical signs of uveitis including reduced miosis, fibrinous exudates, and dilated blood vessels. The aqueous humor of treated rats contained fewer leukocytes, lower protein levels, and less PGE2. Formation of protein adducts with the lipid peroxidation end-product, 4-hydroxynonenal, expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, and MMP-9 were all reduced in rats treated with ME. Conclusions Our results indicate that ME eye drops downregulate the ocular inflammatory response in LPS treated rats, suggesting that induction of EIU involves metal ions and chelation therapy with ME is a potential treatment for uveitis.
“A Work of Mourning: Criticism after Nasser Hussain”:

This article recalls and recounts Nasser Hussain’s unique manner of thinking. Focusing on several texts that reflect the extraordinary range of his curiosity and erudition – the book The Jurisprude...