cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A novel mechanism for benign essential blepharospasm.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the photophobia of benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is caused by sympathetically maintained pain. Methods: Nineteen patients with photophobia and BEB were enrolled in an unblinded prospective treatment trial. The intervention was blockade of the superior sympathetic ganglion with local anesthetic. Outcome measures included the patient's subjective report of ocular surface dryness, foreign body sensation, and eyelid spasm. We also obtained video recordings of eyelid movements. Results: Of the 19 patients, 13 reported subjective improvement in BEB symptoms after cervical sympathetic blockade (CSB). Thirteen of 19 patients also had objective evidence of decreased light-induced eyelid spasm after CSB. Ocular surface disease was present in 18 of 19 patients. Conclusion: These data support the hypothesis that in many patients with BEB there is a sympathetically maintained pain syndrome associated with external ocular disease. We speculate on a neurologic circuit that may explain these findings.
New Records of Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) from Kenora District and Northwestern Ontario, Canada

ABSTRACT: Fifteen new district and regional records of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are given for Kenora District and Northwestern Ontario, Canada, based upon new field work. Records are provided for species of Arthropleidae (1), Baetidae (3), Baetiscidae (1), Caenidae (2), Ephemeridae (3), Ephemerellidae (2), Heptageniidae (1), and Siphlonuridae (2).
Postoperative Cerebral Vasospasm Following Transsphenoidal Pituitary Adenoma Surgery

Purpose Cerebral vasospasm following a transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary adenoma is a devastating occurrence that can lead to delayed cerebral ischemia and poor neurologic outcome if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. The etiology of this condition is not well understood but can lead to significant arterial vasospasm that causes severe ischemic insults. In this paper, we identify common presenting symptoms and essential management strategies to treat this harmful disease. Methods A retrospective case report and literature review of presentation, treatment, and outcome of cerebral vasospasm following transsphenoidal surgery. Results We present 1 case and review 12 known cases in the literature on vasospasm following transsphenoidal surgery. Mean age was 48 (±13.8) years. There were 46.2% male patients. Factors associated with vasospasm, such as cerebral spinal fluid leaks following surgery, were seen in 38.5% of cases, and postoperative subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was seen in 84.6% of cases. Hemiparesis was the presenting symptom of delayed cerebral ischemia in 61.5% of cases. For management, maintaining at least a euvolemic volume status was used in 76.9%, induced hypertension was used in 61.5%, and nimodipine was administered in 46.2% of cases. Patients returned to their neurologic baseline in 61.5% of cases, had new permanent deficits in 7.7% of cases, and died in 30.8% of cases. Conclusion Cerebral vasospasm following transsphenoidal surgery is a dangerous disease that can lead to a high likelihood of mortality if not identified and treated. Early postoperative events, such as peritumoral subarachnoid hemorrhage and hemiparesis, may be factors associated with post-transsphenoidal surgery vasospasm. Effective treatment options used in patients that regained complete neurologic recovery were by inducing hypertension, maintaining euvolemia, and administering nimodipine.
Improvisational Theatre as Public Pedagogy: A Case Study of ‘Aesthetic’ Pedagogy in Leadership Development

How does improvisational theatre promote aesthetic learning in leaders, emphasizing emotion and somatic, or sensory, knowledge? While improvisational theatre has been used in organizational settings, there is little empirical research describing the aesthetic learning process geared towards preparing educational leaders. Based on a case study of an educational leadership institute using grounded theory to investigate the use of improvisational theatre, four learning conditions emerged for promoting the phenomenon of the aesthetic learning process. The article describes key features of this process - catharsis, empathy, and heightened sensory perception - as compared to works by Dewey, Greene, and Freire. These aesthetic aspects challenge the traditional role of leadership 'trainer' and leadership 'student' and reflect a more collaborative conception of leadership development as conveyed in public pedagogy literature.
Predictive biomarkers of response to PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in non–small cell lung cancer

Inhibitors of the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway show the potential to substantially increase the efficacy of therapy for various malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At the same time, substantial effort has been invested in finding biomarkers predicting which patients will respond best to this immune checkpoint inhibition. PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, genetic alterations and mutational load in tumor cells, and pre-existing immunity and its enhancement during treatment through tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been associated with outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibition. Here, we review the reported predictive biomarkers of response to PD-1 pathway immune checkpoint inhibitors in NSCLC, mainly focusing on results obtained with clinical trials.
Generation of visual and verbal codes for pictures and words

memory system with equal accessibility for both of the visual input categories derives from Experiment III. This is the finding that picture and word pairs generated the same apparent durations when the pair members were redundant in form and meaning. That different apparent durations resulted for nonredundant wor-u pairs relative to non=redundant picture pairs should be viewed as a different amount of total processing activity induced by the respective pairs, rather than as reflecting differential access times to memory» That is, different words may generate more processing activity than do different pictures because words have greater possibilities for different meanings than do pictures. For example, a single word can be a noun, an adjective, or a verb, but a picture is always an image of the object which it represents» Hence, different words initiate more alternatives for the brain to
Simultaneous implantation of St. Jude Medical aortic and mitral prostheses.

Since January 1980, 92 consecutive patients received St. Jude Medical aortic and mitral prostheses simultaneously. Mean age was 57.6 years (standard deviation 12.4); 14 were 70 years or older. Twenty-three had a previous cardiac operation and 22 had additional procedures performed at the time of double valve replacement Before the operation 62% of the patients were in New York Heart Association functional class III and 29% were in class IV or required emergency operation. There were six (6.5%) deaths within 30 days. None of the hospital deaths were valve related; all occurred in patients who had additional risk concerns. Follow-up is 100% complete and ranges from 2 to 80 months, totaling 242 patient-years (mean 33.8 months). All except four hospital survivors reached class I or II and 40 patients (47%) remain asymptomatic. The actuarial survival rates are 82% at 1 year, 70% at 3 years, and 60% at 5 years. Causes of late death include heart failure (10), sudden, unexplained death (five), reoperation for coronary artery disease (one), noncardiac (four), and valve related (five). The linearized rate of fatal valve-related events is 2.1% pt-yr. A total of 22 valve-related complications (including five fatal) occurred is 18 patients, for a linearized rate or incidence of 9.1% /pt-yr. Eleven thromboembolic episodes (rate 4.6%/pt-yr) occurred in nine patients; three of these (1.2%/pt-yr) were fatal. Thromboembolic and bleeding complications represented 64% of all valve-related complications. Four patients had six episodes of prosthetic valve endocarditis (incidence 2.5%/pt-yr), of which one (incidence 0.4%/pt-yr) was fatal. Paravalvular leak contributed to the fifth valve-related death. At 5 years, 83% of patients were free of thromboembolic complications; 94% were free of anticoagulant-related hemorrhage; and 71% were free of all valve-related complications. There are few comparable data for patients who have had simultaneous replacement of aortic and mitral valves with other mechanical prostheses. The total incidence of valve-related complications for patients with bioprostheses ranges between 3.9%/pt-yr and 10.4%/pt-yr and is similar to the 9.1% /pt-yr observed in the present series. The type of valve-related complication (thromboemboli and bleeding versus valve deterioration) is the principal difference between St Jude Medical and bioprosthetic valves in patients who require simultaneous replacement of aortic and mitral valves.
Technical and technological progress, rent, and income distribution

This Chapter aims to analyze how technological change modifies prices and income distribution, and it also points out further categories of rent related to different types of technical and technological progress.
TwilightSaga.com (2009–12): Fandom and the Lifespan of a Corporate Fan Site

Building on the forms of digital participation enabled on RandomBuzzers website, such as peer-to-peer reviewing, peer-to-peer marketing, and consumer research, Chap. 4 presents a case study of Hachette’s The TwilightSaga (TwilightSaga.com, n.d.) site, which enabled all of these forms of participation, and in addition, channeled fan-fiction and other user-generated content to the publisher’s proprietary site. This study shows how Hachette used Twilight fandom, exemplified by readers’ participation on individual websites and blogs, by corralling it into a proprietary “digital enclosure” (Andrejevic, 2008) of user-generated content which the publisher, based on its end-user licensing agreements (EULAs), would then have rights to repurpose in any way. From a “Wild West” of independent Twilight fan sites on the web, to a more restrained culture governed by the EULAs, Hachette successfully created their site by emulating free sites on the web and branding them as “official,” turning “Edward” and “Jacob” based fan sites into groups called “Official Team Edward,” and “Official Team Jacob.” On the TwilightSaga site, readers were able to create their own Twilight identities. By commercializing fandom and extending Stephenie Meyer’s world-building onto a commercial website, Hachette could extend the brand and create further sources of revenue: peer-to-peer marketing; focus group research information; and user-generated content. The TwilightSaga site was studied from its earliest days around 2009 to 2012, after the books in the series had been published, and the movies were released. During this time, Hachette went from being intensely involved in the site to having less involvement, or interest in the site, as evidenced by reduced numbers of posts from the site owners, to fewer (and finally none) Q&A sessions with the author, and most interesting, to a lack of EULA enforcement, as evidenced by increased subversive behavior by site users.
Back-Pointer — Fitts' law analysis of natural mobile camera based interactions

Typical mobile phone based interactions are performed by utilizing a touchscreen. Although natural to the user, this type of direct interaction results in blocking portions of the screen while interacting with the device because the finger or hand is directly on top of the display. Back Pointer presents an alternative input mechanism for mobile devices where the back facing camera captures the motion of the user's index finger as it is moved. A user study was performed by 8 users who held a mobile phone in landscape mode with both hands and navigated a target selection challenge by moving the left index finger in 3D space on the back of the phone using both an opaque interface and a translucent interface where the finger was visible during the task. The study showed the opaque interface was not usable, unless the translucent interface was presented first. When presenting the translucent interface first, there was no significant difference in performance. The study also determined the average distance from the lens during the task, which could provide specifications for a macro camera dedicated for back of device camera based interactions.
Third World City Design: Values, Models and Education

The community of academics and professionals interested in Third World development and planning consists of three types of people: those who are “Westerners” by birth and training, who, while based in the West, are interested in the problems of developing countries; those who are “Third Worlders” by birth (with training from home countries or abroad) and have remained in their native settings to pursue a career in planning and development; and the Third World expatriates with advanced training in the West who have chosen a Western “base” for career development, but who remain vitally interested in the problems of the developing countries.
CHARACTERIZATION OF WASTE EFFLUENTS FROM A COMMERCIAL PIMIENTO CANNING OPERATION

Characterization of unit effluents from a commercial pimiento canning operation revealed significant patterns of difference in composition and flow rates. The most concentrated effluent occurred in the first stage of the processing operation where the roasted peel was removed by washing. The suspended solids load of this effluent accounted for 69% of the total suspended solids load and 37% of the COD load, but only 18% of the total flow. Segregation and separate treatment of this concentrated effluent is suggested to reduce the total waste load. Another concentrated effluent resulted from the citric acid dip just before the packing and closing area. The flow of the effluent was only 10% of the total, but accounted for 32% of the total dissolved solids and 37% of the total BOD. Two effluents from the grading area accounted for 50% of the total flow and only 10% of the total COD load. Recycling of these dilute effluents to the peel removal operation is suggested. Based on the rate of processing, the total w...
Songbirds are resilient to hurricane disturbed habitats during spring migration

The Gulf of Mexico is a conspicuous feature of the Neotropical-Nearctic bird migration system. Traveling long distances across ecological barriers comes with considerable risks, and mortality associated with intercontinental migration may be substantial, including that caused by storms or other adverse weather events. However, little, if anything, is known about how migratory birds respond to disturbance -induced changes in stopover habitat. Isolated, forested cheniere habitat along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico often concentrate migrants, during weather conditions unfavorable for northward movement or when birds are energetically stressed. We expected hurricane induced degradation of this habitat to negatively affect the abundance, propensity to stopover, and fueling trends of songbirds that stopover in coastal habitat. We used spring banding data collected in coastal Louisiana to compare migrant abundance and fueling trends before (1993-1996 and 1998-2005) and after hurricanes Rita (2006) and Ike (2009). We also characterized changes in vegetative structure before (1995) and after (2010) the hurricanes. The hurricanes caused dramatic changes to the vegetative structure, which likely decreased resources. Surprisingly, abundance, propensity to stopover, and fueling trends of most migrant species were not influenced by hurricane disturbance. Our results suggest that: 1) the function of chenieres as a refuge for migrants after completing a trans-Gulf flight may not have changed despite significant changes to habitat and decreases in resource availability, and 2) that most migrants may be able to cope with habitat disturbance during stopover. The fact that migrants use disturbed habitat points to their conservation value along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Discrimination information in phase amplitude thresholds with application to western China regional data

Abstract This article develops a regional seismic discrimination method using information inherent in phase amplitudes that are unmeasurable due to small signal amplitudes and high noise levels. The method, quadratic negative evidence discrimination (QNED), is an enhancement to the teleseismic techniques proposed by Elvers (1974) and is extended to regional discrimination. The method presented in this article is developed for a single seismic station and makes use of the empirical evidence in the regional P g versus L g discriminant (see Pomeroy et al. , 1983). We develop the equations necessary to compute the station-specific, missed-explosion, and false-alarm error rates. These error rates depend on the required minimum signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and can be adjusted, within limits, to desired levels. We also show that these equations are an accurate assessment of the errors in seismic discrimination. We propose that many of the current approaches to assessing seismic discrimination errors are often overly optimistic. For some applications, this disparity can be significant. For an application to Western China regional data [ P g versus L g (1.5 to 3 Hz)], a widely used estimate of the missed-explosion error rate is 20%, leading to the perception that explosions can be identified with an accuracy rate of 80%. A proper accounting of the missed-explosion error rate, using QNED, shows that explosions can be identified with accuracy rate of only 73%.
Science Communication and Stakeholder Expertise: Insights from Sustainability Science*

ABSTRACTCommunicating science is a multifaceted and complex process, particularly in sustainability science where researchers directly engage with non-academic stakeholder partners. In this insight, we explore the relationship between science communication behaviour and perceptions of stakeholder scientific expertise in a large-scale sustainability-focused research project in the Northeastern United States. We find that higher levels of perceived scientific expertise are associated with dialogic and participatory models of communication, and lower levels of perceived scientific expertise are associated with dialogic and diffusion models of communication. This work, while small in scope, highlights the utility of attending to perceptions of expertise within stakeholder engagement contexts. Implications, limitations, and opportunities for future research are discussed.
Structured Reporting: The Value Concept for Radiologists

Narrative reporting has been the mainstay of the radiologist’s work for as long as the domain of radiology has been in existence. Structured radiology reporting, containing coded and consistent information, will facilitate information exchange in the digital health record. This chapter will define structured reporting, review recent legislation that incentivizes structured reporting, and discuss the quality and value propositions that are supported by structured reporting. Constrained vocabularies and coded terminologies, including the American College of Radiology’s disease-specific Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (IRADS) and the Radiological Society of North America’s RadLex™, are described. Data exchange tools including the Management of Radiology Report Templates (MRRT) and Common Data Elements (CDEs) are discussed. Benefits of machine learning from report analysis are discussed. Limitations to implementation and realizing the full benefits of structured reporting are also acknowledged.
Associations of long-term fine particulate matter exposure with prevalent hypertension and increased blood pressure in older Americans.

Abstract Background Hypertension is a highly prevalent cardiovascular risk factor. It is possible that air pollution, also an established cardiovascular risk factor, may contribute to cardiovascular disease through increasing blood pressure. Previous studies evaluating associations between air pollution and blood pressure have had mixed results. Methods We examined the association between long-term (one-year moving average) air pollutant exposures, prevalent hypertension and blood pressure in 4121 older Americans (57+ years) enrolled in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. We estimated exposures to PM2.5 using spatio-temporal models and used logistic regression accounting for repeated measures to evaluate the association between long-term average PM2.5 and prevalence odds of hypertension. We additionally used linear regression to evaluate the associations between air pollutants and systolic, diastolic, mean arterial, and pulse pressures. Health effect models were adjusted for a number of demographic, health and socioeconomic covariates. Results An inter-quartile range (3.91 μg/m3) increase in the one-year moving average of PM2.5 was associated with increased: Odds of prevalent hypertension (POR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.38), systolic blood pressure (0.93 mm Hg, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.80) and pulse pressure (0.89 mm Hg, 95% CI: 0.21, 1.58). Dose-response relationships were also observed. Conclusions PM2.5 was associated with increased odds of prevalent hypertension, and increased systolic pressure and pulse pressure in a cohort of older Americans. These findings add to the growing evidence that air pollution may be an important risk factor for hypertension and perturbations in blood pressure.
Dark Secrets: Obedience Training, Rigid Physical Violence, Black Parenting, and Reassessing the Origins of Instability in the Black Family Through a Re-Reading of Fox Butterfield's All God's Children

In this Article, I attempt to address the etiology of black family instability, and I do so principally through a re-reading of Fox Butterfield’s All God’s Children, which in effect argues that slavery, racism, urbanization, and an inherited “impulsiveness” gene birthed Willie James Bosket (“Willie James”), a violent, juvenile killer, into our world. While I acknowledge that slavery and racism impacted the black family’s stability, I reject Butterfield’s premise. Rather, I posit that Willie James had been soul-murdered by his mother, Laura, principally not only because she brutally beat him, but also because she refused to emotionally nurture him. In effect, Willie James suffered from “Reactive Attachment Disorder,” thus over time revealing the psychopathic results of his early childhood maltreatment. Such maltreatment is the dark secret that more than likely explains the present-day, ongoing instability of the black family. Therefore, it is my thesis that Butterfield fails to explain the advent of Willie James because: (1) Butterfield mistakenly links Willie James’ violence to working class “honor codes” and killings; (2) Butterfield almost completely discounts the legacy of West African child-rearing practices of obedience training and rigid physical violence, which survived slavery; (3) Butterfield, like other race scholars or writers, is loathed to find fault with black parents who have been the first people to violently traumatize their children; and (4) Butterfield, as other writers, does not account for the impact of obedience training and rigid physical violence including emotional neglect, on children’s personalities, on family cohesiveness and stability, and social violence.
Social Media and the Development of Shared Cognition: The Roles of Network Expansion, Content Integration, and Triggered Recalling

This study explores whether employees who have access to social media are more likely than employees who do not to develop shared cognition—similar perceptions of what and whom coworkers know. It a...
Visual evoked potentials in children with neurofibromatosis type 1.

The purposes of this investigation were to determine: (a) if visual evoked potential (VEP) abnormalities could be identified in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) with no evidence of optic pathway or brain neoplasias on MRI; and (b) if VEP abnormalities could be explained by the presence of hyperintense T2-weighted foci on MRI testing, known as unidentified bright objects (UBOs). To answer these questions, VEPs were recorded from 16 children with NF1 and compared to 13 normal subjects in the same age range tested with the same protocol. Pattern-reversal VEPs were recorded at four stimulus sizes both monocularly and binocularly, the latter to hemi-field stimuli. Flash VEPs were recorded in dark- and light-adapted conditions. VEP measurements and MRI readings for UBOs were conducted in a masked fashion. Ten of the 16 children with NF1 had abnormal VEPs to at least one of the four types of stimuli. Abnormalities included delayed responses (n=6), absent flash VEP P2 component (n=3), or both (n=1). Abnormalities of the P2 component of the dark-adapted flash VEP were the most common finding (n=7), although no single testing strategy was able to identify all children with abnormal VEPs. UBOs were present in all children, demonstrating that their presence does not fully account for VEP abnormalities in children with NF1. This study also demonstrates that VEP abnormalities are present also in the absence of neoplasias of the optic pathways or of the brain. Our results are suggestive of a primary abnormality of visual processing in children with NF1.
Young’s Syndrome: An Often Unrecognized Correctable Cause of Obstructive Azoospermia

Young's syndrome consists of azoospermia owing to bilateral epididymal obstruction in patients with chronic sinus and pulmonary infections. Azoospermia may be corrected by vasoepididymostomy in these patients but postoperative fertility rates are yet to be determined. Because the infertility of Young's syndrome potentially is remediable with vasoepididymostomy and because the syndrome is observed commonly by surgeons outside of this country, we report 2 cases to illustrate what may be a frequently unrecognized and potentially correctable cause of azoospermia.
Norepinephrine and Synaptic Transmission in the Cerebellum

Although the presence of norepinephrine (NE) in the mammalian cerebellum was initially controversial, there is now substantial evidence of a role for the NE system in modulating the response properties of individual cerebellar neurons to synaptic inputs rather than transmitting moment-to-moment details of modality specific information. As a result of these cellular actions the system is capable of regulating cerebellar circuit functions within the context of ongoing voluntary and reflex motor activities and in a manner appropriate to the behavioral state of the organism. The evidence for this mode of operation derives from extensive anatomical, physiological and pharmacological investigations over a period of more than 40 years. This chapter summarizes those studies and the development of this concept.
Cladistics, populations and species in geographical space: the case of Heliconius butterflies

The paradox of the species in evolutionary thought has promoted much debate and numerous incompatible definitions and concepts. This chapter argues that although the phylogenetic species concept (the author’s version of it, at least) is no more accurate a description of “speciesness” than any other species concept (indeed, the notion of accuracy is irrelevant, as will be seen), it links species definition to species diagnosis via explicit criteria, which renders phylogenetic species more amenable to empirical testing than species defined by other concepts. The practical implications of cladistic species concepts for determining the boundaries between geographically differentiated sister taxa are explored using the example of Heliconius, based on my work and the recent studies of Mallet and others. The problem of circumscription is also addressed, with particular reference to the concepts of subspecies and geographical races.
Building a culture of safety in interventional radiology

Safety in medicine is a pressing issue. It has been shown that deaths due to medical error range from 98,000 to 400,000 per year in the United States. Since this issue was broached in 1999, a variety of clinical and institutional safety interventions have been pioneered; however, the medical community has realized that without a strong institutional safety culture, the efficacy of these interventions is limited. Changing culture is often a long and difficult process. Just as the wider medical community slowly moves towards the practice of safety culture, interventional radiology must uphold a culture of safety along with its other core tenets throughout its continued evolution. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality provides many effective evidence-based training programs to help in the process of improving safety culture. Herein, we focus on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's comprehensive unit-based safety program and Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety programs and how they pertain to the interventional radiology setting. We also highlight key concepts that should be considered when embarking on an institutional cultural change. Finally, we focus on the role of safety culture as it pertains to those healthcare providers affected in the aftermath of an error, the "second victims."
Opportunities for life course research through the integration of data across Clinical and Translational Research Institutes.

Introduction Early life exposures affect health and disease across the life course and potentially across multiple generations. The Clinical and Translational Research Institutes (CTSIs) offer an opportunity to utilize and link existing databases to conduct lifespan research. Methods A survey with Lifespan Domain Taskforce expert input was created and distributed to lead lifespan researchers at each of the 64 CTSIs. The survey requested information regarding institutional databases related to early life exposure, child-maternal health, or lifespan research. Results Of 64 CTSI, 88% provided information on a total of 130 databases. Approximately 59% (n=76/130) had an associated biorepository. Longitudinal data were available for 72% (n=93/130) of reported databases. Many of the biorepositories (n=44/76; 68%) have standard operating procedures that can be shared with other researchers. Conclusions The majority of CTSI databases and biorepositories focusing on child-maternal health and lifespan research could be leveraged for lifespan research, increased generalizability and enhanced multi-institutional research in the United States.
Infant Brain Development Prediction With Latent Partial Multi-View Representation Learning

The early postnatal period witnesses rapid and dynamic brain development. However, the relationship between brain anatomical structure and cognitive ability is still unknown. Currently, there is no explicit model to characterize this relationship in the literature. In this paper, we explore this relationship by investigating the mapping between morphological features of the cerebral cortex and cognitive scores. To this end, we introduce a multi-view multi-task learning approach to intuitively explore complementary information from different time-points and handle the missing data issue in longitudinal studies simultaneously. Accordingly, we establish a novel model, latent partial multi-view representation learning . Our approach regards data from different time-points as different views and constructs a latent representation to capture the complementary information from incomplete time-points. The latent representation explores the complementarity across different time-points and improves the accuracy of prediction. The minimization problem is solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers. Experimental results on both synthetic and real data validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
Stress State in a Finite Cylinder with Outer Ring-Shaped Crack at Non-stationary Torsion

The axisymmetric dynamic problem of determining the stress state in the vicinity of a ring-shaped crack in a finite cylinder is solved. The source of the loading is the rigid circular plate, which is joined with one of the cylinder ends and loaded by the time-dependent torque. The proposed method consists in the difference approximation of only the time derivative. To do this, specially selected non-equidistant nodes and special representation of the solution in these nodes are used. Such an approach allows the original problem to be reduced to a sequence of boundary value problems for the homogeneous Helmholtz equation. Each such problem is solved by using integral Fourier and Hankel transforms, with their subsequent reversal. As a result, integral representations were obtained for the angular displacement through unknown tangential stresses in the plane of the crack. From boundary condition on a crack, an integral equation is obtained, which, as a result of using the Weber-Sonin integral operator and a series of transformations, is reduced to the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. The numerical solution found made it possible to obtain an approximate formula for calculating the stress intensity factor (SIF).
Targeting the JAK/STAT Pathway in T Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders

T cell lymphoproliferative disorders represent a diverse group of hematologic malignancies with poor prognosis underscoring the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Disruption of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway has been described in this group of blood cancers and may represent an approach for targeted therapy. Here, we summarize the current data describing the disruptions of JAK/STAT signaling in T cell malignancies and focus on the existing evidence for exploitation of this pathway with targeted therapies. To date, preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of JAK/STAT inhibition in the treatment of several T cell lymphoproliferative disorders. More recently, several early clinical trials have demonstrated promising results utilizing this approach as well. The benefit of the combination of JAK/STAT-targeted therapies along with immunotherapy and other molecularly targeted therapies is also discussed. There is substantial evidence that targeting the JAK/STAT pathway in T cell lymphoproliferative disorders could be of clinical benefit. There are several early clinical trials showing promise and many ongoing trials investigating the optimal utility of agents that inhibit this signaling pathway. In addition, targeting this pathway may provide a platform for further rational combination therapies.
Free-spaced-coupled Liquid Crystalline Broadband Optoacoustic Sensors

This work presents the first possible realization of chip-scale liquid crystalline (LC) optoacoustic sensors that have the capability of detecting broadband acoustic signals via free-space coupling using white light input. The interaction between acoustic waves and the optical and mechanical properties of the LC molecular cavities was investigated. Systematic comparisons between a commercially available acoustic sensor system and the geometry-independent LC optoacoustic sensors are provided. This work will enable economical, compact, reliable, broadband, noncontact, and sensitive molecular-based acoustic sensors for use in various applications.
Metachronous colorectal pathology among survivors of young-onset colorectal cancer: Implications for postresection colonoscopic surveillance.

64Background: Patients with sporadic young-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) are postulated to have a more biologically active colorectum prone to malignant transformation earlier in life. It is unknow...
Identities, interest group coalitions, and intergroup relations

Interest groups are well known for lobbying and providing information to citizens. However, no extant scholarship explores how the actions of interest groups affect intergroup relations, even thoug...
Experimental and numerical local heat transfer study on micro pin fin with tip clearance

Abstract Fluid flow and local heat transfer in a microchannel with a 150-µm diameter pin fin with a tip clearance were experimentally and numerically studied for three Reynolds numbers in laminar regime. Tip clearances of 0, 30, 45 and 100 µm in a 200-µm high microchannel. Experimental and numerical local temperatures and the corresponding Nusselt numbers along the centerline of the pin fin were presented and discussed. Local temperatures were measured on top of the heater surface and downstream the pin fin through micro resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). A conjugate CFD modeling capable of simulating solid/fluid conduction and convection revealed velocity, heat flux and heat transfer coefficient over the heated surface. Nusselt number and wake length for a range of tip clearances were presented and compared with full-height pin fin. Experimental and numerical results showed that a tip clearance can significantly enhance heat transfer in the wake region. Simulations revealed that tip clearance alters the flow structure by increasing the three dimensionality of the flow, promoting mixing, shortening the wake region, and increasing the velocity downstream the pin fin. A tip clearance with a height of 100 µm was found to provide the best heat transfer enhancement.
Thermal corrections to Rényi entropies for free fermions

We calculate thermal corrections to Renyi entropies for free massless fermions on a sphere. More specifically, we take a free fermion on $$ \mathbb{R}\times {\mathbb{S}}^{{{}^d}^{-1}} $$ and calculate the leading thermal correction to the Renyi entropies for a cap like region with opening angle 2θ. By expanding the density matrix in a Boltzmann sum, the problem of finding the Renyi entropies can be mapped to the problem of calculating a two point function on an n sheeted cover of the sphere. We follow previous work for conformal field theories to map the problem on the sphere to a conical region in Euclidean space. By using the method of images, we calculate the two point function and recover the Renyi entropies.
Hypomagnesemia in the cancer patient

Hypomagnesemia is a common medical problem that contributes to the morbidity and mortality of patients with cancer. This review summarizes magnesium physiology and highlights the mechanisms underlying magnesium disturbances due to cancer and cancer treatment. The causes of hypomagnesemia can be categorized according to the pathophysiologic mechanism: decreased intake, transcellular shift, gastrointestinal losses, and kidney losses. Patients with cancer are at risk for opportunistic infections, frequently experience cardiovascular complications, and often receive classes of medications that cause or exacerbate hypomagnesemia. Also, cancer-specific therapies are responsible for hypomagnesemia, including platinum-based chemotherapy, anti-EGF receptor mAbs, human EGF receptor-2 target inhibitors (HER2), and calcineurin inhibitors. Urinary indices, such as the fractional excretion of magnesium, can provide useful information about the etiology. The management of hypomagnesemia depends on the magnitude of hypomagnesemia and the underlying cause. We recommended checking serum magnesium at the beginning of treatment and as part of routine monitoring throughout cancer treatment. Opportunities exist for potential research and practice improvement, including further characterization of hypomagnesemia regarding the clinical effect on cancer outcomes, preventing hypomagnesemia in patients receiving high-risk anticancer agents, and developing effective therapeutic strategies.
Vulnerability theory as a tool against a banking model of legal education

In this paper, I examine how university-based legal education has been facing pressures founded on a growing free-market fundamentalism which strengthen in law schools worldwide a model of educatio...
Examining Intergroup Dialogue’s Potential to Promote Social Justice in Adult Education:

Intergroup dialogue (IGD) is a program for facilitating conversations about social identity, institutionalized and systemic oppression, social conflict, and social justice. This article examines ho...
Brown Tumor With Spine Involvement at Multiple Levels in a Hemodialysis Patient.

Brown tumor of the bone or osteitis fibrosa cystica is a rare manifestation of hyperparathyroidism, most seen nowadays in association with secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are the major culprits of secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPTH). CKD is known to cause phosphate retention and a decrease in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and ionized calcium levels, which in turn trigger the PTH secretion. Brown tumor can affect the jawbones, femur, sternum, ribs, and rarely the spine. We present the case of a 60-year-old male with ESRD on hemodialysis who was found to have lytic bone lesions in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Initially, malignancy was suspected. Blood work revealed markedly elevated PTH at 3,563 pg/mL, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia. Biopsy of the L5-S1 lesion was consistent with reactive changes due to sHPTH. Once a diagnosis of the brown tumor was confirmed, the patient was started on cinacalcet and was referred for parathyroidectomy.
A pilot study of core body temperatures in healthcare workers wearing personal protective equipment in a high-level isolation unit.

Personal protective equipment used by healthcare workers to mitigate disease transmission risks while caring for patients with high-consequence infectious diseases can impair normal body cooling me...
Construction of Longitudinally Consistent 4D Infant Cerebellum Atlases Based on Deep Learning

Longitudinal infant dedicated cerebellum atlases play a fundamental role in characterizing and understanding the dynamic cerebellum development during infancy. However, due to the limited spatial resolution, low tissue contrast, tiny folding structures, and rapid growth of the cerebellum during this stage, it is challenging to build such atlases while preserving clear folding details. Furthermore, the existing atlas construction methods typically independently build discrete atlases based on samples for each age group without considering the within-subject temporal consistency, which is critical for large-scale longitudinal studies. To fill this gap, we propose an age-conditional multi-stage learning framework to construct longitudinally consistent 4D infant cerebellum atlases. Specifically, 1) A joint affine and deformable atlas construction framework is proposed to accurately build temporally continuous atlases based on the entire cohort, and rapidly warp the new images to the atlas space; 2) A longitudinal constraint is employed to enforce the within-subject temporal consistency during atlas building; 3) A Correntropy based regularization loss is further exploited to enhance the robustness of our framework. Our atlases are constructed based on 405 longitudinal scans from 187 healthy infants with age ranging from 6 to 27 months, and are compared to the atlases built by state-of-the-art algorithms. Results demonstrate that our atlases preserve more structural details and fine-grained cerebellum folding patterns, which ensure higher accuracy in subsequent atlas-based registration and segmentation tasks.
The Consequences of Food Insecurity for Children with Disabilities in the Early Elementary School Years

Although food insecurity has been shown to place children’s developmental outcomes at risk, less is known about how children with disabilities fare if they are raised in households experiencing food insecurity. To address this gap in the evidence base, this chapter investigates how food insecurity relates to the behavioral outcomes of young school-aged children with disabilities. Analyses on data from a sample of approximately 1420 children with disabilities from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey, Kindergarten Class of 2010–2011, show that household food insecurity was associated with a significant decline in the attentional focus of children with disabilities. Further, results demonstrate that children from homes who exited out of food insecurity and subsequently became food secure experienced significant gains in their attentional focus. Other outcomes, including children’s inhibitory control, were not significantly linked to food insecurity. These results demonstrate the negative ramifications of food insecurity on children with disabilities, an understudied group highly vulnerable to food insecurity. Strengthening supports aimed at families raising children with disabilities to help address root causes of food insecurity may not only promote overall family functioning, but it may also have critical implications for improving the developmental well-being of children under their responsibility and care.
Retinal vein occlusion with cerebral infarction in a preterm neonate: a case report.

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common disease that causes blindness in elderly patients, and cerebral infarction is also a severe disorder impairing the health of individuals. Both diseases are not common in neonates and are related to thrombosis. To date, only one case of simultaneous occurrence of RVO with intracranial haemorrhage in a full-term neonate has been reported. A preterm neonate was diagnosed with cerebral infarction and RVO. Retinal haemorrhage and macular oedema were detected in the left eye after the onset of ipsilateral stroke. Although the retinal conditions in this case resolved spontaneously without ocular treatment, the long-term effect on visual function is still unknown. Given that ocular fundus examinations are rarely performed in paediatric stroke patients, a screening fundus examination in these newborns with stroke might be worth considering.
Strolling with Maimonides on the Via Negativa

This paper argues that negative theology is a direct consequence of monotheism. In so doing, it argues that monotheism is not so much a claim about the number of God – one as opposed to a multiplicity – as it is a claim about the nature of God – unlike anything else in the universe. In short, God is unique. But uniqueness presents a special problem. The concepts and categories that make up our conceptual scheme are derived from normal experience. To say that God is unique is to say that God cannot be grasped by these concepts or categories. But then we face a dilemma: to preserve uniqueness we must sacrifice intelligibility. Mythology represents the opposite pole: a god who is perfectly intelligible but for that reason ordinary. It follows that in addition to being a claim about God, monotheism is a claim about the limit of human knowledge.