cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of ageing kidney to quinidine

Male Fischer-344 rats aged 3-4 months and 30-32 months were used in this study. Quinidine in vitro reduced accumulation of organic ions, p-ammonium hippurate (PAH) and tetraethyl ammonium (TEA), inhibited oxygen consumption and increased LDH leakage, in renal cortical slices. High concentrations of quinidine (2 and 3 mmol l-1) produced overt toxicity and no age related differences in any of the parameters measured were observed. But at lower concentrations significant age-related differences in kidney susceptibility to quinidine were evident. Administration of 75 mg kg-1 day-1 quinidine for 4 days caused exacerbated renal damage in senescent rats compared to young adults as demonstrated by greater elevation of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, and greater inhibition of TEA uptake in renal cortical slices. These results establish significant age related differences in renal damage due to quinidine.
A study of the concerns of science teachers regarding an implementation of ISCS

The federal government has responded to public interest in science education by supporting the development of science curricula, but a 1978 survey reports a low extent of actual use. A conceptual model which provides insight into the individual concerns that teachers adopting a new program might express was employed in a study of science teachers adopting ISCS. Recommendations for implementations, based on study findings are: Strategies for implementation should be correlated to concerns and should change as concerns shift; training in skills should be graduated and continuous; personal support is essential; and, furthermore, evaluation of effects should be delayed until early teacher concerns have been resolved. The concerns concept seems a promising tool for understanding critical problems of an adoption process. It can be useful in guiding the implementation of educational innovations by helping to alleviate trauma individuals face when confronted with such change.
Innovative RTS Technology for Dry Beneficiation of Phosphate

Abstract The Crago double flotation process is widely used for upgrading raw phosphate in Florida. However, it is a water-based physico-chemical process and consumes a huge amount of water and chemicals and is not efficient to remove dolomite from phosphate. In addition, the final phosphate flotation concentrate often has a grade of 30-31% P 2 O 5 , which is below the BPL content of 75% (or 34.3% P 2 O 5 ) required for making the animal feed grade phosphate. This study is performed to evaluate the potential and feasibility of the innovative rotary triboelectrostatic separator (RTS) as a dry phosphate beneficiation process. The RTS technology is characterized by an innovative high efficiency rotary charger, charger electrification, laminar air flow, independent control of charging and separation condition, low energy consumption, etc. Compared to conventional triboelectrostatic separators, the unique RTS technology offers multiple technical advantages: 1) increase particle charge density 4-6 times; 2) improve solids throughput by an order of magnitude; 3) enhance process efficiency by up to 70%; 4) reduce overall energy consumption by more than 80%. A laboratory scale prototype RTS unit has been used to investigate the effects of major process parameters on particle charging efficiency and phosphate separation efficiency for Florida phosphate samples. Experimental results have shown that the RTS technology upgraded a 10% P 2 O 5 feed (16-35 mesh) to a 30% P 2 O 5 concentrate with a P 2 O 5 recovery of more than 85% and acid insoluble rejection of almost 90%; it also purified a flotation concentrate with 31% P 2 O 5 to nearly 35% P 2 O 5 . RTS also significantly reduced MgO content from a pulverized high dolomite pebble sample.
Adaptive PID Controller Based on Single Neuron

An adaptive PID controller based on single neuron is proposed. The properties, control algorithm, parameters tuning, the control law and the application condition of the controller are studied in the paper. To satisfy the properties of the requirements of the control system in an electromotor group, such as a broad dynamic changing range, a fast response, a little overshoot and time-variable parameter, a new-type self-optimizing PID controller based on artificial neural networks is proposed and studied. It is verified that the controller has few adjustable parameters and excellent robust performance. The results of simulation and experiment prove that the controller is superior to the traditional PID controller.
Environment Models and Information Assimilation

An autonomous intelligent agent working in a real, unstructured, dynamic environment must have very close interactions among its perceptual, cognitive, and motor components. We believe that by placing the environment model at the heart of these systems this interaction can be facilitated significantly. In our approach, the environment model is responsible for interaction among different components, providing temporal coherence, combining information from multiple sensors, and the purposive behaviour of the system. The information about the environment is acquired by using multiple disparate sensors, from multiple viewpoints, and at multiple time instants. We believe that the combination of information from disparate sensors should be viewed as a problem in information assimilation, rather than sensor integration. The focus in information assimilation is on the physical world being modeled, sensory information is just a means to the end. Sensor integration treats the goal implicitly, misplacing the focus on the processing of sensed information.
Βeta-carotene protects sudan IV from photocatalytic degradation in a micellar model system: Insights into the antioxidant properties of the “golden” Staphylococcus aureus

Sterilization using titanium dioxide-mediated photocatalysis has been shown to be a powerful biocidal process due to the production of reactive redox species (RRS). More specifically, these RRS generated from TiO2 photocatalysis are able to completely oxidize organic material, including microorganisms. Photocatalysis is a potentially useful application for the production of u.v.-illuminated self-sterilizing surfaces such as in surgical suites or water purification. Some organisms are able to protect themselves from radicals and oxidants by producing carotenoid pigments which scavenge free radicals and oxidants. In this work we have created a micellar model with a target dye and used the model to demonstrate that when β-carotene is incorporated into the system it will protect the target dye from photocatalytic destruction. Our model will help to predict how difficult it will be to destroy microbes when exposed to photocatalysis. Our data showed that 50% of the target dye was protected after 5 min of photocatalytic oxidation when β-carotene was present in the micellar system. However, when the micellar system lacked β-carotene protection, 82% of the dye was destroyed via photocatalysis. As a frame of reference, we subjected our model system to standard oxidative Fenton conditions namely, Fe(NO3)3/H2O2. We demonstrated that after 90 min exposure to the above reagents 80% of the target dye remained when β-carotene was present in the micellar system. However, when no β-carotene was present 62% of the dye was destroyed under Fenton conditions.
TESTING CONTROL THEORY AND DIFFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION: A REANALYSIS OF THE RICHMOND YOUTH PROJECT DATA*

In what has become a classic work in the field, Matsueda (1982) tested control theory against differential association theory using Hirschi's (1969) Richmond Youth Project data. Matsueda found that measures of “definitions favorable to law violation” entirely mediated the effect of his social control measures and friends' delinquency, and concluded that differential association theory was supported over control theory. We note several problems with Matsueda's specification of control theory, and we reanalyze the Richmond data including measures of commitment to conventional goals and several attachment to parents variables that Matsueda excluded. We also propose and test a new method of measuring the social bond, conceptualizing the social bond as a second-order latent construct. In contrast with Matsueda's findings, we find that the social bond and friends' delinquency retain important direct effects on delinquency, and that these effects are greater than those of definitions. Thus, our results are more supportive of control theory than differential association theory.
Systematics of Maxomys Sody, 1936 (Rodentia: Muridae: Murinae): DNA/DNA hybridization studies of some Borneo‐Javan species and allied Sundaic and Australo‐Papuan genera

Abstract We compared five species of the murine genus Maxomys and representatives of nine other murid genera in a complete 15×15 DNA-hybridization matrix. FITCH trees were calculated for the entire suite of taxa and for subsets including only the five Maxomys and these together with the four nearest outgroups. All trees were validated by «bootstrapping» and by jackknifing, performing both single- and multiple-deletions of taxa. The full 15×15 data set indicated a sister-group relationship between Maxomys and two pairs of genera ( Sundamys-Rattus sensu stricto and Niviventer-Leopoldamys ) that are more closely related to each other than to Maxomys ; addition of data on Bandicota and Berylmys from another recent DNA-hybridization study confirmed that these genera are successive sister-taxa to the Sundamys-Rattus pair. Mus-Myomys and Uromys-Melomys were each distinct lineages from the above grouping of Rattus sensu lato species, and from the putative outgroup sigmodontine Peromyscus , but the interrelations of the three murine clades were unresolved. Within Maxomys, M. surifer and M. bartelsii are a related pair, and M. ochraceiventer probably forms an unresolved trio with M. rajah and M. whiteheadi . Calibration of a tree generated from saturation-corrected distances against a likely divergence-date of 12.2 Mybp for the separation of Mus and Rattus confirms a high rate of single-copy DNA change in murids (2.1%/Myr); and suggests that Sigmodontinae and Murinae diverged at around 15.3 Mybp, that Maxomys and the group of six other Rattus sensu lato separated approximately 7.6 Myr ago, and that Maxomys began to diversify 4.8 Myr ago.
Scatter on the WISC as an indicator of intellectual potential

The study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between subtest scatter on the WISC and higher intellectual potential. All subjects at one time obtained Full Scale IQ scores within the retarded range. Group I consisted of those children who upon reexamination with the WISC obtained Full Scale IQ scores of 75 or below, while Group 2 consisted of those children whose Full Scale IQ scores were now found to be nonretarded upon reexamination. The results indicated that the scatter on the initial examinations failed to predict the future group membership. Irrespective of group membership, scatter was found not to be related to change in Full Scale IQ scores. It was concluded that subtest scatter is a poor indicator of the presence of higher intellectual potential. It was also suggested that these findings are relevant to the WISC-R.
Lymphocyte transformation testing for quantifying metal-implant-related hypersensitivity responses.

Hypersensitivity to metallic implants has been documented in case reports and cohort studies. However, this phenomenon remains unpredictable and poorly understood. There is continuing concern about the extrapolation of dermal patch testing to the periimplant environment. The utility of lymphocyte transformation testing (LTT) for predicting implant-related sensitivity in orthopedic patients was evaluated by contrasting LTT and patch-testing protocols and examining original cohort LTT data of subjects with and without implants. LTT of peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed, using four groups: (1) age-matched controls; (2) patients with osteoarthritis (preimplant), with and without dermal metal sensitivity; and (3) patients with total hip arthroplasty. A stimulation index of greater than 2 ( p 20). However, subjects with implants (group 3) were threefold more reactive to chromium (p < .04) than were controls (group 1) or subjects with osteoarthritis (group 2). Quantifiable lymphocyte reactivity as exemplified by increased incidence and average reactivity levels was metal implant specific (characteristic of adaptive immune responses) and suggests that LTT may be useful in the determination of implant-specific sensitivity. Advantages of LTT include quantitative results and the facilitation of multichallenge agent and dose testing. Thus, LTT (provided by laboratories fully disclosing testing methods) may be an additional tool in the armamentarium of physicians.
Inverse Gas Chromatography for Determining the Surface Free Energy and Acid-Base Chemical Characteristics of a Water Extracted Hardwood (Acer rubrum)

Abstract Hardwood hemicellulose extracts can be used as a feed stock for ethanol plants or for renewable polymer applications. Extraction of Acer rubrum wood strands with water at 160°C and for 90 minutes removed approximately 16% of the wood weight. The extract was composed primarily of acetylated glucuronoxylans (63.9%) and lignin (17.6%). The dispersive surface energy and acid-base surface characteristics for a multi-component freeze dried mixture of hot water extracted Acer rubrum components was determined by inverse gas chromatography (IGC). The dispersive surface energy of the extract was found to be non-sensitive to thermal variations and has a magnitude of 34.6 ± 0.2 mJ/m2 with a K a of 0.13 and K b of 0.46. The maple wood had a regressed surface energy of 42.7 mJ/m2 at 20°C following extraction, and the surface energy before extraction was 40.4 mJ/m2 at 20°C. Also, before extraction the K a and K b of the red maple were 0.19, 0.92, respectively, and after extraction the K a and K b were 0.15 and ...
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON ALGAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS: TEMPERATURE

Three main aspects of the response of photosynthesis to temperature are reviewed: the short-term effect of temperature on photosynthetic metabolism, that is, the photosynthetic response when an alga is suddenly exposed to a higher or lower temperature, phenotypic changes in photosynthetic metabolism that occur in response to growth at different temperatures, and genetic differences in photosynthetic metabolism between algal species or ecotypes from different thermal environments
Koilocytes in urinary cytology in a patient with kidney transplant

We are reporting the case of a 17-year-old girl with kidney transplant under immunosuppressive treatment. Evidences of transplant malfunction led to urinary cytology to rule out BKV infection. The smears showed the presence of koilocytes. Gynecologic examination revealed numerous condylomatous lesions in the vulva, vagina, and cervix. PAP smears showed cells with moderate to severe koilocytic dysplasia. PCR performed on material retrieved from both the smears showed HPV18 DNA sequences. Koilocytes have rarely been documented in urinary cytologic examination. Since post-transplant immunosuppressed patients are prone to develop florid and extensive HPV infections, urinary cytology may prove useful for routine search of cells with this virus cytopathic effect.
From Serbia with Hate: A Case Study in Globalization, Trauma, and Language

This article analyzes a set of five postcards, purchased from a street stand in Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia, shortly after the NATO bombing of the country took place in the spring of 1999. While the postcards obviously serve as protests against the bombing, as well as testimonies of the nation-wide trauma caused by it, they also reveal a careful negotiation between representations of trauma — keeping it displaced enough to avoid vicarious traumatization for individual survivors, but focused enough to translate it into a part of the national Serb identity and relying on the symbolism available in historical public narratives. However, since all the postcards analyzed here use English language in one form or another, they can also be read as peculiar interpretations of globalization on a local level. The article is an examination of the function of English, both in the negotiation of private/public trauma as described above, and its role in the complex reconfiguration of the phenomenon of globalization as embedded with local meaning given the context of the narrative within the Serbian popular culture. While these pop culture artifacts offer an assurance to the Serb national spirit, they also express a multifaceted national take on globalization visible in the use of English as the language of the Western ‘enemy’. Overall,the postcards can be read as a curious traumatic figuration of postmodernism which seems to be battling modernism in Belgrade's streets, while the Serb nationalism faces off with the global world in the realm of the imaginary.
The American Class Action Fairness Bill and Forum-Shopping American-Style

This paper looks at the practice of forum shopping in the United States and focuses on the new Class Action Fairness Act which was passed in 2005 and is one of the most sweeping legislative initiatives relating to class action litigation.Professor Harald Koch, in his paper entitled ‘‘International Forum Shopping and Transational Lawsuits’’ has accurately described the twin rationales for forum shopping by continental lawyers. He makes the dual points that forum shopping embodies both good lawyering as well as averting legal malpractice. In his view, which I believe is correct, an attorney who does not take forum attributes into account in pursuing litigation is acting in a fashion that is tantamount to malpractice. In short, all good lawyers forum shop.Professor Koch also has accurately articulated a compelling list of why continental lawyers might seek to forum shop by selecting a forum in the United States. He points out the various advantages of litigation in the American legal system: (1) varying advantageous substantive law; (2) the availability of jury trials; (3) contingency fee arrangements permitting recovery of large attorney fee awards; (4) no fee shifting for legal costs and expenses; (5) liberal discovery rules; and (6) the availability of punitive damages.Professor Koch further Professor Koch further points out that the possibility of forum shopping is largely a plaintiff-favouring strategy, because plaintiffs always have the initial choice of forum, and defendants typically must suffer the plaintiff’s choice of forum.I agree with all of Professor Koch’s arguments and points, and would like to expand on his observations. In the United States, forum shopping also is an attribute of good lawyering, and the failure to take into account forum advantages and disadvantages also might be tantamount to malpractice in certain circumstances. Practicing attorneys do forum shop all the time.Forum shopping in the United States, however, involves far more nuanced and sophisticated gamesmanship than continental lawyers might appreciate. In the United States, forum shopping is the consequence of, and involves the complex interplay of, a dual federal and state court system. In addition, American procedural rules provide for an elaborate system of forum-shopping opportunities for both plaintiffs and defendants.While a continental lawyer, at first blush, might perceive American forum-shopping opportunities as plaintiff-favouring, the multiple complex of procedural rules actually levels the litigation playing field in interesting ways. As I will, the recently enacted Class Action Fairness Act (CAFA) embodies both a sophisticated forum-shopping mechanism, and as such, CAFA also embodies a procedural approach to tort reform. Rightly understood, CAFA is a part of the American tort reform movement.
Study of W bulk bands with normal (001) photoemission using synchrotron radiation

Abstract Photoemission normal to the (001) face of W was measured using polarized synchrotron radiation at normal incidence for 10 eV ⩽hv⩽ 30 eV. All the major features observed agree very well with the predictions of three-dimensional, bulk band calculations for direct transitions along the line Δ, even for final energies well above EF. No surface resonances were observed with s-polarized radiation.
Transformative Education for Culturally Diverse Learners through Narrative and Ethnography.

Abstract This article presents a study of the effects of creating a bridge between the narrative and ethnographic methods and writing processes as a means to more effectively educate teachers of culturally diverse learners. Ten teacher participants from a Masters of Education (M.Ed.) degree program in Bilingual Education at a university in the northwestern United States took a sequence of courses in which instructor-researchers taught them narrative and ethnographic pedagogy, theory, and methodology. Through qualitative methods, instructor-researchers analyzed teacher participants’ personal narratives and ethnographic case studies for generative themes. In discovering the commonalities of themes between these two methods of inquiry, the research reveals the value and transformative nature of building a bridge between narrative and ethnographic methods. The following overlapping generative themes were voiced by teacher participants: (1) awareness of self and others; (2) consciousness of educational issues and their implications; (3) transformative action and advocacy. These themes are substantiated with related literature and further elucidated upon in the paper.
Determination of the Correct Authorship and Type Species of Nosoderma, and the Impact on the Nomenclature of the Zopherini (coleoptera: Zopheridae)

Abstract The generic name Nosoderma was first validated by Guerin-Meneville 1838 (type species Nosoderma echinatum Guerin-Meneville by monotypy) not Solier 1841. This correction results in significant changes to the nomenclature of the Zopherini. Meralius Casey 1907 is synonymized with Nosoderma Guerin-Meneville 1838, new synonymy. Verodes Casey 1907, new status, new sense, [type species Verodes aequalis (Champion) by original designation] is proposed as the replacement name for Nosoderma Solier not Guerin-Meneville. These changes result in the 24 following new combinations: Nosoderma turquinense (Garrido) and Nosoderma montanum (Garrido), and Verodes inaequalis (Say), V. championi (Casey), V. insignis (Champion), V. interruptus (Champion), V. scabrosus (Solier), V. asperatus (Champion), V. prominens (Casey), V. senex (Casey), V. exsculptus (Champion), V. carinatus (Champion), V. subglabrus (Casey), V. anceps (Champion), V. impressus (Champion), V. longipennis (Casey), V. brevicollis (Casey), V. denticula...
Energy and time-resolved photoemission in a promising new approach for contactless integrated-circuit testing

Abstract A novel approach to contactless measurement of voltages on internal nodes of integrated circuits is presented. The method is based on time-resolved photoemission exploiting the single-photon process with short laser pulses in the ultra-violet. The method allows spatial resolution in the submicron range given by the diffraction limit for UV photons, a time resolution of a few picoseconds given by the width of the laser pulses and the electron transit-time effect, and a voltage resolution of a few microvolts within a signal integration time of one second.
Deflection measurements and toughness evaluations for FRC

Abstract The article discusses issues related to the accuracy of deflection measurement in the flexural testing of fiber reinforced concrete. It is observed that the ASTM and the old ACI toughness indices which are based on measuring deflection at first cracking are influenced significantly by errors in the deflection measurement. This is primarily because up to first-crack, these errors often overshadow true first-crack deflections. Errors in deflection measurement result in negligible errors in toughness computations using either the JCI definition of flexural toughness or the new ACI definition of toughness index. Elastic punching deformation at the specimen support has been identified as a major source of the extraneous deformation. Approximate equations to predict this deformation have been presented. The elasticity-based equations are more realistically sensitive to specimen size and material properties than similar equations obtained using plasticity concepts.
Aminophylline infusion for status asthmaticus in the pediatric critical care unit setting is independently associated with increased length of stay and time for symptom improvement

Introduction The role of aminophylline in the treatment of severe acute asthma in the pediatric critical care unit (PCCU) is not clear. We sought to examine the association of aminophylline treatment with PCCU length of stay and time to symptom improvement.
Stimulation of colonic secretion by lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid

Both 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE) and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) increased the short-circuit current (Isc) in rabbit colonic mucosa mounted in vitro in Ussing chambers. Measurements of chlorine-36 fluxes indicated that the Isc response to 5-HPETE is due to stimulation of active chlorine secretion. 9-, 11-, and 12-HPETE9s and leukotrienes C4 and B4 produced either very small increases in Isc or no increase. In contrast to results in rabbit colon, no HPETE, HETE, or leukotriene was effective in rabbit ileal mucosa. The effects of 5-HPETE in the rabbit colon were unaffected by mepacrine, but could be partially blocked by indomethacin. These results suggest that drugs which block both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase may be effective antidiarrheals in patients with colitis.
Analysis of quadrature hybrids for accelerator applications

Abstract The operation of a quadrature hybrid as a power combiner is analyzed using four-port scattering parameters model. The analytical results are compared with data measured experimentally using a 211 MHz cavity. Graphical solutions of the measured cases for different cavity phases are in good agreement with analytical predictions. The use of the 90°-hybrid as an RF circulator is also analyzed. The active operation of the harmonic cavity in the NSLS VUV-ring is used as an example for this application. This fourth-harmonic cavity is used to change the shape of the bucket potential to lengthen a stored bunch. Thus, a longer stored-beam lifetime can be achieved without compromising the high brightness of the VUV photon beam. If operated actively, the harmonic cavity would present a mismatched load to an RF generator. A circulator would allow for better operation of the RF generator. It would also minimize the generator-accelerating cavity-beam-harmonic cavity-generator coupling. In this paper, we use the harmonic cavity case as an example for the use of the 90°-hybrid as a circulator. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of the 90°-hybrid as a circulator are discussed.
Herbimycin A blocks IL-1-induced NF-κB DNA-binding activity in lymphoid cell lines

The mechanism by which interleukin-1α (IL-1α) activates NF-κB DNA-binding activity is not completely understood. While it is well established that protein kinase C can activate NF-κB, neither protein kinase C nor protein kinase A appears to be critical in the induction of NF-κB by IL-1α. Since a number of growth factors signal via protein tyrosine kinase, in this study we examined a possible involvement of protein tyrosine kinase in the IL-1α-induced NF-κB. The results showed that in the murine pre-B cell line 7OZ/3 and in the murine T cell line EL-4 6.1 C10 IL-1α-induced NF-κB was associated with transient increase in protein tyrosine kinase activity. Pre-treatment of these cell lines with herbimycin A, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase activity, blocked the IL-1α-enhanced protein tyrosine kinase activity and the IL-1α-induced NF-κB DNA-binding activity. Herbimycin A at concentrations sufficient to block IL-1α-induced NF-κB did not block the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA)-induced NF-κB. The data suggest that IL-1α and PMA activate NF-κB by different pathways and that induction of NF-κB DNA-binding activity by IL-1 might be dependent on protein tyrosine phosphorylation.
Analysis of the Structure of Precipitation Patterns in New England

Abstract The studies presented here were undertaken to provide a specific and quantitative description of the precipitation patterns in New England storms. Basic data were quantitative radar observations and detailed raingage records. Nine storms covering a wide range of synoptic and seasonal situations were subjected to systematic analysis. Also the general shape and configuration of the mesoscale rain areas in seventeen fully developed cyclones were observed. The precipitation patterns, which at first glance appeared very dissimilar, out to be composed of subsynoptic-scale precipitation areas with rather clearly definable characteristics and behavior. Four distinct scales of precipitation areas have been recognized and described: synoptic arms which are larger that 104 km2 and have a lifetime of one or several days; large mesoscale areas which range from 103–104 km2 and last several hours; mesoscale areas which cover 100–400 km2 and last about an hour; and cells which are roughly 10 km2 and often last o...
Six-month toxicity comparison of the antituberculosis drugs aconiazide and isoniazid in fischer 344 rats

Aconiazide, a hydrazone derivative of isoniazid, has been proposed for the treatment of tuberculosis. The toxicity of aconiazide was assessed by treating male and female Fischer 344 (F344) rats dai...
Investigation of the impacts of Gulf sediments on Calcasieu Ship Channel and surrounding water systems

Abstract Calcasieu Ship Channel is located in southwest Louisiana, connecting the port of Lake Charles to the Gulf of Mexico. The 40 ft deep ship channel is surrounded by water systems including Calcasieu Lake, Gulf Intracoastal Water Way (GIWW), and several wetlands. Excessive sediment depositions were found on the bottom of the ship channel in many locations, which requires expensive dredging process to remove those unwanted sediments. There are several suspected sediment sources, such as the Gulf of Mexico, upstream Calcasieu River and GIWW, bank erosions, and discharge from surrounding wetlands. However, how significant of each source to the total sedimentation in the ship channel is unknown, which hinders the design of sediment prevention mechanism. In this study, numerical and experimental investigations were conducted to study the sediment transport and deposition in this target area. Sediment transport from one of the major sediment sources, the Gulf of Mexico, was studied to see the effects of this source on the total sedimentation in the ship channel. The effects of storm-surge flood on the sediment transport and deposition were also studied. The 2-d depth-averaged shallow water flow equation set was solved for water phase, along with a scalar transport equation for the sediment phase. Both sediment deposition and re-suspension effects are included in the model. The accumulated depositions on the seabed and wetland surface were calculated. The deposition results were compared to the sampling data in the area and yielded good agreement which verify the accuracy of the numerical model.
Beam steering modulation with phased vertical cavity laser arrays

Electronically steerable laser sources have applications in areas such as optical display, free space communications, and illumination. Among the multiple figures of merit for beam steering, speed is still a limiting factor for many applications including laser radar [1]. While mechanical methods clearly have inertial limitations, even the fastest available liquid crystal optical phased array techniques are limited to speeds under 10 kHz [2, 3]. We show that electronic beam steering using phased vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays [4–6] can be steered as fast as 100 MHz while possessing the inherent advantages of system robustness, radiation hardness, and energy efficiency.
Using ordered probit modeling to study the effect of ATIS on transit ridership

Abstract A computer-aided telephone interview was conducted in two metropolitan areas in northern California. The survey included an innovative stated preference design to collect data that address the potential of advanced transit information systems. The study’s main objectives are to investigate whether advanced transit information would increase the acceptance of transit, and to determine the types and levels of information that are desired by commuters. The survey included a customized procedure that presents realistic choice sets, including the respondent’s preferred information items and realistic travel times. The ordered probit modeling technique was used. The results indicated a promising potential of advanced transit information in increasing the acceptance of transit as a commute mode. It also showed that the frequency of service, number of transfers, seat availability, walking time to the transit stop and fare information are among the significant information types that commuters desire. Commute time by transit, income, education, and whether the commuter is currently carpooling, were among the factors that contribute to the likelihood of using transit given information was provided.
Efficient ocean modeling using non-hydrostatic algorithms

A solution strategy for the incompressible Navier Stokes equations (INS) is outlined, which renders ocean models based on them competitive with those that assume hydrostatic balance on all scales. It is shown that non-hydrostatic models rooted in INS can be designed which, when deployed in the hydrostatic limit, require no more computational effort than models based on the hydrostatic primitive equations (HPE). But unlike HPE, the model can also be used to address convective, non-hydrostatic scales if its resolution is increased. The ideas are illustrated in simulations of convection, baroclinic instability and large-scale circulation in the Mediterranean.
More controversies about panic disorder: A reply to Klein

Abstract In his discussion of McNally's article in Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology ( 64 , 88–91, 1996), Klein (1996a, Behaviour, Research and Therapy, 34 , 849–853) clarifies and further defends his argument that cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) researchers must incorporate drug and pill placebo conditions in their trial designs and must demonstrate a significant drug effect before they are entitled to make inferences about CBT's antipanic effects. The purpose of this reply is to provide a critique and rebuttal of Klein's arguments.
Fabrication Of Ti:LiNbO3 Optical Channel Waveguides Using A Rapid Thermal Annealing System

We have investigated use of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) to initiate in-diffusion of Ti into LiNb03 to form optical channel waveguides using several different RTA processes. Each process is characterized by a different RTA temperature versus time variation followed by a common furnace heating step. One set of samples has undergone a slow ramp RTA temperature versus time variation, a second set has undergone a two step variation, a third set has undergone a very rapid ramp, and a fourth set has undergone no RTA processing. Samples processed with the fast RTA ramp of temperature versus time to 875C yielded the lowest channel waveguide propagation loss of about 1 dB/cm measured at a wavelength of 632.8 nm.© (1988) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Chemoembolization of colorectal liver metastases with cisplatin, doxorubicin, mitomycin C, ethiodol, and polyvinyl alcohol.

BACKGROUND: Unresectable colorectal liver metastases have a 1- and 2-year survival of 55% and 33% with current systemic therapies. The authors evaluated response and survival after transarterial chemoembolization. METHODS: Chemoembolization with cisplatin, doxorubicin, mitomycin C, ethiodized oil, and polyvinyl alcohol particles was performed at monthly intervals for 1 to 4 sessions. Cross-sectional imaging and clinical and laboratory evaluation were performed before treatment, 1 month after treatment, and then every 3 months. A second cycle was performed for intrahepatic recurrence. Toxicity was assessed using National Cancer Institute's Common Toxicity Criteria version 3.0. Response was evaluated using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria. Progression and survival were estimated with Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: A total of 245 treatments were performed over 141 cycles on 121 patients. Ninety-five of 141 treatment cycles were evaluable for response: 2 (2%) partial response, 39 (41%) stable disease, and 54 (57%) progression. Median time to disease progression (TTP) in the treated liver was 5 months, and median TTP anywhere was 3 months. Median survival was 33 months from diagnosis of the primary colon cancer, 27 months from development of liver metastases, and 9 months from chemoembolization. Survival was significantly better when chemoembolization was performed after first- or second-line systemic therapy (11-12 months) than after third- to fifth-line therapies (6 months) (P = .03). Presence of extrahepatic metastases did not adversely affect survival (P = .48). CONCLUSIONS: Chemoembolization provided local disease control of hepatic metastases after 43% of treatment cycles. Median survival was 27 months overall, and 11 months when initiated for salvage after failure of second-line systemic therapy. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Nixon's Vietnam rhetoric: A case study of apologia as generic paradox

Parts of this essay are based on Dr. Vartabedian's dissertation, directed by Dr. William R. Carmack at the University of Oklahoma. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Western Speech Communication Association Convention in Fresno, CA February 1985.
Modeling studies on the structural determinants for the DAG/phorbol ester binding to C1 domain.

C1 domains are small zinc-binding structural units of approximately 50 amino acids, originally discovered as lipid-binding modules in protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. C1 domains that bind and respond to the DAG/phorbol ester are termed as typical, and those that do not respond to DAG/phorbol ester are termed as atypical. To design molecules targeting a specific C1 domain for regulating a specific disease state, it is important to understand the factors that make a C1 domain responsive to DAG/phorbol ester. Here, we determined the volume and surface area of the ligand-binding site for all known C1 domains. No correlation was found between the volume/surface area of ligand-binding site and the DAG/phorbol ester-binding affinity. Solvated molecular dynamics simulation reveals that the presence of water molecules affects the flexibility of the ligand-binding site. Contributions of the binding site residues, their orientations, and the membrane lipids on the responsiveness of a C1 domain towards DAG/phorbol es...
Oxytocin stimulates myometrial guanosine triphosphatase and phospholipase-C activities via coupling to G alpha q/11

Oxytocin stimulates phosphoinositide turnover in myometrium. To elucidate whether the coupling mechanism involves the interaction of oxytocin receptor with GTP-binding proteins, we examined oxytocin stimulation of guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity and phospholipase-C activity in rat and human myometrial membranes. Oxytocin consistently stimulated both GTPase and phospholipase-C activities, and both stimulations were attenuated by an antibody directed against the carboxyl-terminals of the GTP-binding proteins, G alpha q and G alpha 11. Neutralization of the antibody by preincubation with antigenic peptide reversed this inhibition. [Thr4,Gly7]oxytocin, a specific oxytocin receptor agonist, stimulated both GTPase and phospholipase-C activities, and the stimulations were also inhibited by anti-G alpha q/11 IgG. Immunoreactive GTP-binding proteins, G alpha q and G alpha 11, and phospholipase-C beta 3 isoforms were present in myometrial membranes. These results indicate that stimulation of phospholipase-C activity by oxytocin in myometrium is mediated via G alpha q, G alpha 11, or a closely related GTP-binding protein, probably coupling to phospholipase-C beta.
Nucleotide sequence and structural analysis of the zeste locus of Drosophila melanogaster.

The zeste locus plays a central role in transvection phenomena, where the synaptic pairing of chromosomes carrying genes with which zeste interacts influences the expression of these genes. To explore the possible functions of the zeste gene product in this process, we have determined the DNA sequences both of a fragment of Drosophila genomic DNA capable of rescuing mutant zeste phenotypes, and of a near full-length cDNA clone derived from the 2.4-kb zeste mRNA. These data show that the zeste gene is interrupted by two small introns, and suggest that the majority of zeste sequences are contained within an intron of another transcriptional unit of opposite polarity. A large region of the predicted zeste product is comprised almost exclusively of glutamine and alanine residues. A domain near the N terminus of this protein, which is sufficient for site-specific DNA binding, is highly charged, as is the C-terminal region of the protein. A breakpoint of the rearrangement In(1)e(bx), which is associated with a za-like phenotype, is found within sequences encoding the zeste product, and would produce a truncated protein. The neomorphic mutation zv77h is correlated with a 300-bp deletion of sequences determining the untranslated 5′ leader of the zeste messenger, but may also remove the initiating ATG codon, resulting in a zeste protein with an altered N terminus.
The consequences of remnant surface charges on microdischarge spreading in dielectric barrier discharges

Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) consist of filamentary microdischarges (10 s-100 s /spl mu/m diameter) randomly distributed between the electrodes. Charging of the dielectric terminates the microdischarge by removing voltage from the gap. When the applied voltage changes polarity, the residual dielectric charges from the previous pulse can enhance the gap voltage so that a more intense electron avalanche occurs. In this paper, results from a two-dimensional model of a DBD are used to demonstrate the consequences of dielectric charging on spreading of the microdischarges.
4th power-law circuits using junction field-effect transistors

Several simple 4th power-law circuits compatible with current integrated-circuit technologies are presented. The circuits use matched symmetrical junction field-effect transistors and require no DC power supply.
Analysis of the Terpene and Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons in Some Citrus Oils

SUMMARY The terpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in various citrus essential oils are analyzed in a two-step procedure. During the first step, the oxygen-containing compounds are removed by column chromatography. In the second step, the terpenoid-free oil is analyzed by gas chromatography, using a small sample to obtain the terpene analysis and a larger sample to obtain the sesquiterpene analysis. It was found expedient to increase the temperature during the analysis to shorten the sesquiterpene elution time. This method has been applied to different types of orange and grapefruit oils, also to tangerine, lemon, and lime oils. It is now possible to obtain a rapid evaluation of the hydrocarbons in these essential oils. A semi-quantitative relationship between the hydrocarbons in the individual oils and between various oils can be obtained directly from the chromatograms. The identity of the constituents was determined by infrared and mass spectroseopy, and the wide compositional variations between the oils are discussed.
The Semiotics of China Narratives in the Con/texts of Kingston and Tan

Abstract How ‘Chinese’ is The Woman Warrior?' Sau-ling Cynthia Wong asks in her essay “Kingston's Handling of Traditional Chinese Sources” (27). The native-ness of ethnic American literature is a complex issue that deserves serious consideration and intelligent discussion. I have noticed that to date it is not the nativeness of our ethnic narratives that has escaped critical attention but the narrative reconfiguration of nativeness in literary representation. That is to say, the whole issue of nativeness in literary texts requires careful examination in the context of cultural differences and in relation to subject positions. In this essay, I explore the theoretical implications of that “native” issue by inquiring into the semiotics of “China experiences” in terms of “China narratives” within the contexts of Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior and China Men and Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club and The Kitchen God's Wife.
Influence of thermal exposure on the stability of metastable microstructures of sputter deposited nanocrystalline 304 and 310 stainless steel coatings

The effect of thermal exposure on the stability of the microstructures of magnetron sputter deposited 304 and 310 stainless steel (SS) coatings have been investigated. The coated 304SS samples were exposed to thermal cycling between 750 °C and room temperature and aged at 500 °C and 650 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the microstructures of the as-deposited 304SS and 310SS coatings consisted of αFe + σ and γFe + αFe, respectively. Thermal exposure at 500 °C and 650 °C resulted in the dissolution of σ and partial transformation of αFe into γFe in the 304SS coating and led to the precipitation of σ phase particles, at the expense of αFe, in the 310SS coating. The amount of σ phase in the 310SS coating increased with exposure time. However, both coatings showed no σ phase after thermal cycling to 750 °C for approximately 500 cycles.
EUVL dark-field exposure impact on CDs using thick and thin absorber masks

When compared to a thick absorber mask, a thin absorber EUV mask is expected to have a comparable process window, a reduced shadowing effect, and lower MEEF. However, regardless of the mask absorber thickness, the dark-field in EUV lithography is never 100% dark. Using the same absorber stack composition, EUV masks with thinner absorbers have inherently higher leakage due to the background transmission propagating through the absorber stack. While this does act to improve resist sensitivity or throughput, the leakage reduces the image contrast and can cause CD degradation in "double" exposed regions at the edge of adjacent fields. In this study, EUVL lithographic benchmarking of both thin and thick absorber masks on the ASML Alpha Demo Tool (ADT) at IMEC is presented. Herein, we experimentally quantify the process window, EL, LWR, MEEF, Esize, ultimate resolution, and impact of dark-field background exposures on CDs for both thin and thick absorber masks. There are additional issues when field edges overlap with adjacent fields, and mitigation strategies for EUV leakage emanating from dark-field regions are discussed.
Spin depolarization and spin exchange in cold collisions involving 3He: role of anisotropy

Mechanisms of spin depolarization, spin relaxation and spin exchange in cold atom-atom, atom-molecule collisions are discussed. The formation of weakly-bound van der Waals molecules in buffer-gas cooled magnetic traps, intermediated by anisotropic hyperfine interaction is considered.
Preparation of samples for sintering of submicron particles by transmission electron microscopy

Monolayer submicron self supporting particle film samples preparation for sintering by transmission electron microscopy