cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Exclusion of type II and type VI procollagen gene mutations in a five‐generation family with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia

We have studied a family with an autosomal dominant form of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) inherited through at least 5 generations. Bilateral deformity of the hips with subsequent degenerative arthritis was the most common and most severe change observed in the affected relatives. Abnormalities of the knees, ankles, and shoulders were also noted in some affected individuals. Radiological examination showed changes in affected joints consistent with epiphyseal dysplasia. In early stages, the articular surfaces appeared flattened or irregular in shape. In advanced stages, epiphyseal fragmentation, joint surface erosion, and extensive remodeling were observed. The abnormalities of the epiphyses suggested that the primary defect might be in a structural component of the epiphyseal cartilage matrix. The gene encoding type II collagen (COL2A1) was tested for genetic linkage to MED in this family by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Recombination between COL2A1 and MED was observed, ruling out COL2A1 as the site of the mutation. The genes encoding the 3 chains of type VI collagen were also excluded on the basis of discordant inheritance. The disease in this family is therefore not the result of mutations in the genes encoding type II or type VI collagen. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Munc18c Regulates Insulin-stimulated GLUT4 Translocation to the Transverse Tubules in Skeletal Muscle

To examine the intracellular trafficking and translocation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle, we have generated transgenic mouse lines that specifically express a GLUT4-EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) fusion protein under the control of the human skeletal muscle actin promoter. These transgenic mice displayed EGFP fluorescence restricted to skeletal muscle and increased glucose tolerance characteristic of enhanced insulin sensitivity. The GLUT4-EGFP protein localized to the same intracellular compartment as the endogenous GLUT4 protein and underwent insulin- and exercise-stimulated translocation to both the sarcolemma and transverse-tubule membranes. Consistent with previous studies in adipocytes, overexpression of the syntaxin 4-binding Munc18c isoform, but not the related Munc18b isoform, in vivo specifically inhibited insulin-stimulated GLUT4-EGFP translocation. Surprisingly, however, Munc18c inhibited GLUT4 translocation to the transverse-tubule membrane without affecting translocation to the sarcolemma membrane. The ability of Munc18c to block GLUT4-EGFP translocation to the transverse-tubule membrane but not the sarcolemma membrane was consistent with substantially reduced levels of syntaxin 4 in the transverse-tubule membrane. Together, these data demonstrate that Munc18c specifically functions in the compartmentalized translocation of GLUT4 to the transverse-tubules in skeletal muscle. In addition, these results underscore the utility of this transgenic model to directly visualize GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle.
Pre-residency Publication Rate Strongly Predicts Future Academic Radiology Potential

Rationale and Objectives Radiology resident selection committees often favor candidates with strong academic potential. The aim of this study was to determine if preresidency academic productivity of current radiologists was predictive of subsequent of future academic performance. Materials and Methods The academic productivity of all radiology residents trained between 1975 and 2005 at the authors' institution was assessed through identification of their publication histories, National Institutes of Health funding statuses, and Hirsch indexes (h-indexes). These metrics were correlated with numbers of publications generated prior to beginning radiology residency and grouped accordingly (group 0, none prior to residency; group 1, one publication; and group 2, more than one publication). Academic productivity metrics of the different groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance and χ2 analysis. Spearman's ρ coefficient was used to evaluate correlations between the number of preresidency publications and subsequent productivity. Results A cohort of 269 residents was included in this study. Group 0 comprised 182 of the 269 residents (68%), while groups 1 and 2 comprised 27 (10%) and 60 (22%) residents, respectively. Rates of subsequent publication, mean h-index, and National Institutes of Health funding statuses were significantly higher in group 2 compared to both groups 0 and 1 (P Conclusions Radiology residency candidates with multiple publications are more likely to achieve future academic success compared to candidates with one or zero publications.
Measurement of the charging of individual dust grains in a plasma

An experiment is described for investigating the charging of dust grains in a plasma. The apparatus is a double plasma device into which single dust grains are dropped from the top. The dust charge is detected and measured by a sensitive electrometer attached to a Faraday cup on the bottom. Experiments with electrons from the emissive filaments but without plasma indicate that the grains charge to approximately the filament potential for filament bias voltages smaller in absolute value than /spl minus/70 V. The charge is of order 10/sup 6/ electrons for SiC grains 30-150 /spl mu/m in diameter. At higher bias voltage the charge is reduced due to secondary emission. The charge on grains increases with grain size and is nearly independent of the filament emission current. With plasma in the device, the grains charge both positively and negatively. >
On clinical research in finance

Finance has begun to utilize clinical approach in its research. The extent of its appropriate use is a serious point for consideration. Any adequate use of a research methodology would highly benefit from a deep understanding of its underlying worldview. This paper, therefore, discusses how worldviews underlie methodologies in general, and those of finance, in particular. It starts with a discussion on how any worldview can be positioned on a continuum formed by four basic paradigms: functionalist, interpretive, radical humanist, and radical structuralist. Next, the paper focuses on methodologies implied by the functionalist and interpretive paradigms, namely: scientific and clinical, respectively. Then, it notes that mainstream finance adheres to the functionalist paradigm. It examines how mainstream functionalist finance intends to use the interpretive clinical approach in its research. While this step towards a more balanced approach to research in finance is appreciated, the paper points out that clinical approach can be appropriately used only if certain fundamental, contextual, paradigmatic assumptions are met.
Donor-recipient size matching influences early but not late graft function after pediatric En-bloc kidney transplantation

BACKGROUND Pediatric en-bloc kidney transplantation into adult recipients is an accepted technique to expand the donor pool. Concerns about adequate "nephron dosing" have traditionally favored placing these kidneys into smaller recipients. METHODS We reviewed 20 pediatric en-bloc transplants performed at our institution between 2002 and 2008. We examined the impact of donor age, donor weight, recipient sex, combined kidney length, recipient weight, recipient-to-donor weight ratio, and recipient weight gain on serum creatinine over time using regression analysis. RESULTS Patient survival was 100%. Two grafts were lost early from vascular thrombosis. Of the remaining 18 recipients, all had immediate and excellent long-term function with average creatinine of 0.91+/-0.38 mg/dL at a mean follow-up of 1257+/-656 days. For 17 patients with 1 year follow-up, recipient weight, recipient-to-donor weight ratio, and recipient male sex negatively influenced renal function at 1 month. However, this relationship was lost by 1 year with increasing function in the smallest donors and largest size mismatches. Between 1 month and 1 year posttransplant, estimated creatinine clearance improved from 59+/-13 mL/min at 1 month posttransplant to 88+/-41 mL/min (P<0.015). Weight gain after transplant was associated with improved creatinine clearance, suggesting continued adaptation over time. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that donor or recipient size matching up to a recipient-to-donor weight ratio of 7.5 does not significantly impact later renal function after pediatric en-bloc kidney transplantation into adults.
Antihemophilic factor-like activity of lysed fibrinogen

Abstract Prothrombin is converted almost quantitatively into thrombin when the anticoagulant fraction of incubated fibrinogen (AFIF) is added to this proenzyme together with calcium chloride, and platelet factor 3. When AFIF was omitted from the incubation mixture, little thrombin was generated. This antihemophilic factor (autoprothrombin II) like activity of AFIF was not increased by the addition of adsorbed bovine serum.
An isotope dilution–precipitation process for removing radioactive cesium from wastewater

A novel isotope dilution-precipitation method has been developed to remove cesium-137 from radioactive wastewater. The process involves adding stable cesium chloride to wastewater in order to raise the total cesium concentration, which then allows both the stable and radioactive cesium ions to be precipitated together using sodium tetraphenylborate. This process was investigated utilizing laboratory solutions to determine stable cesium dose rates, mixing times, effects of pH, and filtration requirements. Once optimized, the process was then tested on synthetic wastewater and aqueous low-level waste. Experiments showed the reaction to be very quick and stable in the pH range tested, 2.5-11.5. The wastewater may need to be filtered using a 0.45-μm filter, though ferric sulfate has been shown to promote coagulation and settling, thereby eliminating the necessity for filtration. This investigation showed that this isotope dilution-precipitation process can remove Cs-37 levels below the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Derived Concentration Standard (DCS) of 3.0 × 10(-6) μCi/mL using a single dosage, potentially allowing the wastewater to be discharged directly to sanitary sewers.
Some Effects of Advances in Memory System Technology on Computer Organization

Technological improvements in memory systems in the '70s are expected to have a significant impact on computer organization. The expected advances will result in associative memories at reasonable cost, small-capacity random-access memories at low cost, and mass memories with greatly reduced access time. Possible implications or effects of each of these advances on the organization or design of future computer systems are identified.
Electricity generation from renewables in the United States: Resource potential, current usage, technical status, challenges, strategies, policies, and future directions

Abstract In order to secure the energy future and protect the environment, the U.S. is looking for renewable resources to meet the increasing energy demands for its electricity sector (which accounts for ≈ 40% of total U.S. energy consumption in 2011). The overall aim of this article is to summarize the possible approaches that can be used to improve and optimize the utilization of renewables for electricity generation in the United States. First, an overview is presented about the resource potential, current usage, and technical status of electricity generation from renewables (in the United States). Second, a number of economic, operational, regulatory, sustainability, and technical challenges that are likely to be encountered are identified. Third, strategies are outlined that can be used to minimize costs, deal with the spatial nature of renewables, smooth temporal variations associated with intermittency, and achieve successful integration of electricity generated from renewable resources into the U.S. power grid. Fourth, a sustainability assessment framework for renewable resource deployment (for electricity generation in the U.S.) is discussed. The framework considers multiple criteria (including cost, environmental and social impacts), thus giving a comprehensive assessment of each renewable energy resource (for electricity generation in the United States). Fifth, the current U.S. renewable energy policy is analyzed, and rigorous recommendations are made for optimizing future U.S. renewable energy policy that can permanently induce a long-term sustainable shift towards electricity generation from renewables. Finally, directions for future research are highlighted.
COGNITIVE AND MOTOR FUNCTIONING ON THE MCCARTHY SCALES BY SPANISH-SPEAKING CHILDREN

A sample of 30 Puerto Rican children, ages 5 to 8 1/2 yr. from Lancaster, Pennsylvania, were tested on the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities and the Information and Comprehension subtests of ...
Decisions to participate in research: views of underserved minority drug users with or at risk for HIV

Under-representation of minority populations, particularly African Americans, in HIV/AIDS research is problematic because African Americans bear a greater disease burden from HIV/AIDS. Studies of motivations for participating in research have emphasized factors affecting individuals’ willingness to participate and barriers to participation, especially in regard to HIV vaccine research. Little is known about how underserved minority drug users perceive research and their decisions to participate. This study describes African American drug users’ perceptions of research participation and their decisions to participate based on three kinds of hypothetical HIV/AIDS-related clinical studies. In-depth, qualitative interviews were conducted with 37 underserved, African American crack cocaine users, recruited from participants already enrolled in three different behavioral HIV prevention studies. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded for themes and sub-themes and analyzed using directed and conventional content analysis. Participants’ decisions to take part in research often involved multiple motivations for participating. In addition, decisions to participate were characterized by four themes: a desire for information; skepticism and mistrust of research and researchers; perceptions of medical care and monitoring within a study; and participant control in decisions to participate or decline participation. Lack of adequate information and/or medical care and monitoring within a study were related to mistrust, while the provision of information was viewed by some individuals as a right and acknowledgement of the participant’s contribution to the study. Participants perceived, rightly or wrongly, that medical monitoring would control some of the risks of a study. Participants also described situations of exerting control over decisions to enter or withdraw from a research study. Preliminary findings suggest that continuous communication and provision of information may enhance enrollment and adherence. Further exploration of decisions to participate in research will add to the understanding of this complex phenomenon and enhance the ability of individuals with HIV/AIDS to benefit from research.
Adequacy of fine-needle aspiration specimens for human papillomavirus infection molecular testing in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is often associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Positive HPV status has been associated with increased response to treatment and improved prognosis in terms of recurrence-free and overall survival. In certain instances, diagnosis is performed through fine-needle aspiration of lymph nodes with metastatic carcinoma, often demonstrating extensive tumor necrosis. We evaluated the effect of tumor necrosis on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adequacy for HPV molecular testing. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of the pathology files at our institution identified cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) on which HPV DNA molecular testing was performed. The cases were classified according to percent tumor necrosis into three categories ( 70% necrosis) and the percentage of cases with adequate HPV DNA for molecular testing in each of the categories was compared. When available, p16 immunohistochemistry performed on the cases was compared with HPV status by molecular testing. Results: A total of 70 cases from 67 patients were included in the study. Adequate DNA for molecular HPV testing was obtained from samples of 47 cases (67%) while samples from 23 cases (33%) were inadequate for molecular testing. Of the adequate samples, 36 (77%) were positive and 11 (23%) were negative for high-risk HPV. Adequate DNA for testing was obtained in 22 out of 33 cases showing no necrosis (67%), 10 out of 16 cases showing partial necrosis (63%) and in 13 out of 17 cases showing extensive necrosis (76%). Conclusion: Our study found that HPV molecular testing is not influenced by percent tumor necrosis or method by which FNA was performed. We believe that a portion of the FNA specimen obtained from head and neck lesions diagnosed as SCC during the rapid on-site evaluation should be sent for HPV DNA testing, independent of the amount of tumor necrosis, thus guaranteeing availability of specimen for HPV testing.
SETDOWN OF A CATENARY-MOORED GRAVITY PLATFORM

Abstract The setdown phase of the installation of a gravity platform requires a careful analysis of each step involved to prevent any damage to the structure. To do this, it is important to include all the significant forces, including the tensions in the mooring lines, in a setdown simulation. In this article, the setdown of a conical gravity platform is simulated when temporary mooring lines that assist the setdown are fully accounted for. The setdown is achieved by ballasting the tanks in the platform according to a sequence controlled basically by the stability of the platform, as well as by its final location. A theory is developed to account for all the exact hydrostatic and ballasting forces, as well as the tensions in the mooring lines, which are catenary. Based on this theory, an interactive microcomputer program is developed to instantly monitor, report, and take action to correct any undesirable movements of the platform that may lead to negative metacentric height. The numerical scheme devised is applied to a conical platform to analyze its real-time behavior during the setdown process. The effect of catenary mooring lines on the setdown process is shown by comparing the stability parameters with and without the mooring lines. Also, different ballasting sequences are shown to have a significant effect on the safety of the platform.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae polymerase ζ functions in mitochondria

The MtArg8 reversion assay, which measures point mutation in mtDNA, indicates that in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA polymerase ζ and Rev1 proteins participate in the mitochondrial DNA mutagenesis. Supporting this evidence, both polymerase ζ and Rev1p were found to be localized in the mitochondria. This is the first report demonstrating that the DNA polymerase ζ and Rev1 proteins function in the mitochondria.
New Developments Concerning the Industrial Noise Problem

Abstract Because interest in industrial noise appears to be continuing there is need to train those who have responsibilities with this problem. There exists today adequate educational sources, Research continues to shed more light on the relationship between noise exposure and hearing loss, and allows the development of more dependable criteria. However, the author cautions that present criteria must be used with judgment. It appears that this country is approaching the acceptance of a single definition for hearing impairment and this definition is being included in compensation laws. The devices and techniques used for evaluating and controlling noises are constantly improving.
Dynamics of the Normal Aorta: "Inertiance" and "Compliance" of the Arterial System Which Transforms the Cardiac Ejection Pulse

The contour of the flow pulse along the normal unopened aorta of human subjects and dogs was established by recording with the surgical probe type, square-wave magnetic flowmeter. The contour at a given vessel segment was found to be the result of the transforming action of the arterial system on the ventricular ejection pulse. The characteristics of the aorta and its branches were found to be analagous to a low-pass electric tuned circuit, which resonates at 3 to 6 c.p.s. The resonant frequency, apparent from midsystole throughout diastole, was independent of heart rate, damped to extinction during diastole and renewed with each systole. New terms for elastic hydraulics are proposed and defined.
X-ray crystal structure of GarR-tartronate semialdehyde reductase from Salmonella typhimurium.

Tartronate semialdehyde reductases (TSRs), also known as 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductases, catalyze the reduction of tartronate semialdehyde using NAD as cofactor in the final stage of d-glycerate biosynthesis. These enzymes belong to family of structurally and mechanically related β-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases which differ in substrate specificity and catalyze reactions in specific metabolic pathways. Here, we present the crystal structure of GarR a TSR from Salmonella typhimurium determined by the single-wavelength anomalous diffraction method and refined to 1.65 A resolution. The active site of the enzyme contains l-tartrate which most likely mimics a position of a glycerate which is a product of the enzyme reaction. The analysis of the TSR structure shows also a putative NADPH binding site in the enzyme.
Secularisation and the Ministry of John R. W. Stott at All Souls, Langham Place, 1950–1970

This article uses the parish ministry of John R. W. Stott as a case study of the resilience of evangelical churches in England in the postwar period. It situates Stott's experience at All Souls in the context of the debates over the reasons for the resilience of conservative Protestantism in the western world, and argues that closer attention to particular historical facts is necessary in order to understand this phenomenon properly. The article suggests that in England in the 1960s secularisation theory became a part of the story it was trying to tell, as it generated anxiety among Christian leaders, like Stott, who were committed to reversing the decline in church attendance in England.
Application of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) data to climate research

The application of hyper spectral radiometric data to climate research requires very high absolute radiometric accuracy and stability. We use cloud-free tropical ocean data from the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIR) Calibration Data Subset (ADCS) to show that the radiometric precision and stability required climate applications has been achieved. The sea surface skin temperatures derived from the AIRS 2616cm-1 super window channel are stable relative to the RTG.SST at the better than 8 mK/year level, and the spectral calibration is stable at the 1 ppm/year level. The excellent stability and accuracy are the result of the implementation of AIRS as a grating array spectrometer, which is cooled and stabilized within 10 mK at 155 K. Analysis of daily measurements of the temperature gradient between the surface and 7 km altitude show that the AIRS Calibration Data Subset has applications which extend its original intent for calibration support to climate research. The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua satellite was launched into polar orbit in May 2002. AIRS covers the spectral region from 640 to 2700 cm-1 with 2378 independent channels and represents the first of a new generation of hyper spectral resolution sounders in support of global sounding data for weather forecasting and climate research.
A Full-Duplex Radio-over-Fiber System with 2.5Gbit/s Data Symmetric Delivery over 40km SMF-28

We experimentally demonstrated a novel radio-over-fiber scheme to provide 2.5Gbit/s symmetric full-duplex services based on optical carrier suppression for downlink and reuse for uplink. It was successfully transmitted bi-diretionally over 40km SMF-28 with ≪2dB power penalty.
An electrostatic network and long‐range regulation of Src kinases

The regulatory mechanism of Src tyrosine kinases includes conformational activation by a change in the catalytic domain tertiary structure and in domain–domain contacts between the catalytic domain and the SH2/SH3 regulatory domains. The kinase is activated when tyrosine phosphorylation occurs on the activation loop, but without phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail. Activation also occurs by allostery when contacts between the catalytic domain (CD) and the regulatory SH3 and SH2 domains are released as a result of exogenous protein binding. The aim of this work is to examine the proposed role of an electrostatic network in the conformational transition and to elucidate the molecular mechanism for long-range, allosteric conformational activation by using a combination of experimental enzyme kinetics and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. Salt dependence of the induction phase is observed in kinetic assays and supports the role of an electrostatic network in the transition. In addition, simulations provide evidence that allosteric activation involves a concerted motion coupling highly conserved residues, and spanning several nanometers from the catalytic site to the regulatory domain interface to communicate between the CD and the regulatory domains.
Getting it, together: how the nurse patient relationship influences treatment compliance for patients with schizophrenia.

The importance of the nurse/patient relationship is a central concept for psychiatric nursing. The present research provides a model of the nursing process identifying aspects of the nurse/patient relationship that influence treatment compliance. Five expert nurses and 15 patients participated in the study. Data collection included participant observation, field notes, memos, demographic questionnaires, interviews with the nurses post observation, and a secondary literature review. The grounded theory investigation identified a substantive theory, Getting It, Together, as the basic social process. The core category of the theory is knowing, and subcategories are socializing, normalizing, and clelebrating.
Comments on universality of critical exponents for fluid systems

Critical exponents (γ, ν, β, andμ) of one-component fluid systems from recent experiments show agreement with the universality concept and the critical exponent relations. Variations in the magnitude of exponents from different systems are well within the limits of error of present-day techniques. Thus, it is within reason to expect that observable deviations from universality could come from more complex fluid mixtures, where such a concept may break down, even though, based on published literature values, the prospects remain very small.
Multiple training concept for back-propagation neural networks for use in associative memories

The multiple training concept first applied to Bidirectional Associative Memory training is applied to the back-propagation (BP) algorithm for use in associative memories. This new algorithm, which assigns different weights to the various pairs in the energy function, is called multiple training back-propagation (MTBP). The pair weights are updated during the training phase using the basic differential multiplier method (BDMM). A sufficient condition for convergence of the training phase is that the second derivative of the energy function with respect to the weights of the synapses is positive along the paths of both synapse weights and pair weights. A simple example of the use of the algorithm is provided, followed by two simulations that show that this algorithm can increase the training speed of the network dramatically.
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Sampling and Analytical Chemistry Guide: Doe Methods for Evaluating Environmental and Waste Management Samples

Abstract DOE Methods for Evaluating Environmental and Waste Management Samples (DOE Methods) is a guidance/methods document to support sampling and analysis activities at DOE sites. DOE Methods is intended to supplement existing guidance documents (e.g., EPA's Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846), which generally apply to low-level or nonradioactive samples. DOE Methods targets the complexities of DOE radioactive mixed waste and environmental samples. The document contains quality assurance (QA), quality control (QC), safety, sampling, organic analysis, inorganic analysis, and radioanalytical guidance as well as sampling and analytical methods. An addendum is distributed every six months (April and October) with updated guidance and additional methods. DOE Methods provides a vehicle for technology transfer within the environmental restoration (ER) and waste management (WM) (collectively known as EM) community. As DOE Methods evolves, its usefulness and applicability are anticipated to grow to ...
The Role of Polarization and Charge Transfer in the Solvation of Biomolecules

Herein we demonstrate that charge transfer from the protein to the first solvation layer is a significant contributor to the total solvation interaction energy between water and major cold shock protein A (CspA). Interestingly, we find that polarization and electrostatic interactions are predicted to be less important in protein-water interactions than charge transfer. Charge transfer is most prominent for charged residues, but also occurs between water molecules and the hydrophilic side chains and the carbonyl and amide groups of the main chain. The route of charge transfer is via hydrogen bonds between protein and solvent. These results are consistent with recent NMR and X-ray observations, which show that hydrogen bonding interactions have a significant covalent character as opposed to the traditional purely electrostatic view.
Reproduction in dairy cows following progesterone insert presynchronization and resynchronization protocols.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of an intravaginal insert containing progesterone (CIDR, controlled internal drug releasing) administered in presynchronization and resynchronization protocols on cyclicity, detection of estrus, pregnancy rate, and pregnancy loss to first AI; reinsemination patterns; and pregnancy rates to second postpartum AI before and after the time of first-service pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cows. Holstein cows (n = 1,052) were blocked by parity and BCS at 3 +/- 3 d in milk (study d 0 = day of calving) and assigned randomly to 1 of 3 presynchronization treatments. During the presynchronization programs, all cows received 2 injections of PGF2alpha, on study d 35 and 49. Cows enrolled in the control presynchronization treatment received AI after detected estrus from study d 49 to 62. Cows enrolled in the CIDR estrus-detection (CED) presynchronization treatment received a CIDR insert from study d 42 to 49 and AI on detection of estrus from d 49 to 62. Cows enrolled in the CIDR timed AI (CTAI) presynchronization treatment received the same treatment as CED, but were subjected to timed AI on study d 72 after the Ovsynch (GnRH, 7 d PGF2alpha, 2 d GnRH, 24 h timed AI) protocol. The control and CED cows not inseminated by study d 62 were enrolled in the Ovsynch protocol on the same day and received timed AI on study d 72. After first AI, cows were assigned to no resynchronization (RCON) or resynchronization with a CIDR insert (RCIDR) between 14 and 21 d after AI. Blood samples collected on study d 35, 49, and 62 were analyzed for concentrations of progesterone and cows were classified as anestrous when progesterone was or = 1.0 ng/mL were classified as having resumed cyclicity. Pregnancy was diagnosed at 31 and 60 d after first AI and at 42 d after second AI. A greater proportion of anestrous cows in CED and CTAI became cyclic by d 62 postpartum than control cows. Resynchronization with the CIDR insert increased the pregnancy rate at 31 d after first AI in CED and CTAI, and at 60 d after AI in all cows because of reduced pregnancy loss. These results indicate that presynchronization with the CIDR insert increased induction of cyclicity in anestrous cows and that resynchronization with the CIDR insert did not affect the reinsemination rate but did reduce pregnancy loss and increased the pregnancy rate at 60 d after first AI.
Data communications: Optical disk systems emerge: Laser-powered recording systems with `instant¿ playback could upstage magnetic tape as a medium for high-speed mass data storage

Laser-powered recording systems with `instant' playback are dealt with suggesting that they could upstage magnetic tape as a medium for high-speed mass data storage.
Colorectal and anal symptoms in women with urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse

Our aim was to determine the prevalence of colorectal and anal (CRA) symptoms in women with urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse (UI/POP) in a predominantly Latina population. We reviewed charts of women seen in the urogynecology clinic for UI/POP for those who completed the colorectal anal distress inventory-8 (CRADI-8) on their first visit. A detailed history was taken independent of the questionnaire. Two hundred sixty-five women completed the questionnaire; 94% were Latina; 89% completed the questionnaire in Spanish. Of the women, 88% indicated at least one CRA symptom: 60% reported needing to strain hard to have a bowel movement; 59% reported sensation of incomplete bowel emptying; 21% indicated incontinence of solid or liquid stool, and an additional 30% of women reported flatal incontinence only, for a total anal incontinence rate of 58%. CRA symptoms are highly prevalent among women with UI/POP who completed the CRADI-8 in a predominantly Latina patient population.
Multiagent system for optimizing filter coefficients in image compression

In this paper, we present a new intelligent agent-based method to design filter banks that maximize compression quality. In this method, a multi-agent system containing cooperating intelligent agents with different roles is developed to search for filter banks that improve image compression quality. The multi-agent system consists of one generalization agent, and several problem formulation, optimization, and compression agents. The generalization agent performs problem decomposition and result collection. It distributes optimization tasks to optimization agents, and later collects results and selects one solution that works well on all training images as the final output. Problem formulation agents build optimization models that are used by the optimization agents. The optimization formulation includes both the overall performance of image compression and metrics of individual filters. The compression performance is provided by the image coding agent. Optimization agents apply various optimization methods to find the best filter bank for individual training images. Our method is modular and flexible, and is suitable for distributed processing. In experiments, we applied the proposed method to a set of benchmark images and designed filter banks that improve the compression performance of existing filter banks.
Experiments on film condensation promotion within thin inclined porous coatings

Abstract This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of condensation within thin inclined porous coatings. The porous substrate system consisted of a condensate region overlaying a thin, metallic, and permeable coating which was adhered to an isothermal copper block. Reduced gravity measurements were obtained by condensing saturated steam containing small concentrations of noncondensables at atmospheric pressure on surfaces with effective body forces between 0.3 and 1 g. The effects of surface subcooling and porous coating thickness were also investigated. The heat transfer data shows substantial enhancement when compared to a noncoated surface and Nusselt's correlation. A theoretical model based on porous/fluid composite condensation is also evaluated.
Subsidence of an uncemented canine femoral stem

Factors contributing to subsidence were analyzed by radiographic evaluation and mechanical testing of 36 canine cadaver femora during and after insertion of an uncemented porous-coated femoral stem and by radiographic evaluation of 35 canine total hip arthroplasties. Mean percentage of canal fill in immediate postoperative radiographs, and percentage of canal fill at midimplant and distal implant locations, were accurate predictors of subsidence. Force required to implant the femoral stem was strongly correlated with force required for implant subsidence. Femoral morphology and percentage of canal fill at the middle and distal sites were accurate predictors of subsidence. Implants in femora with a stovepipe morphology (canal flare index less than or equal to 1.8) were six times more likely to subside than implants in femora that had a normal appearance (canal flare index 1.8 to 2.5), and 72 times more likely to subside than implants in champagne-fluted femora (canal flare index greater than or equal to 2.5). Femora with more than 85% mean, middle, or distal canal fill were less likely to subside.
Amino Acid Transport Systems in Bovine Mammary Tissue

Nutrient provision to the lactating mammary gland involves three factors: blood nutrient concentration, blood flow, and cellular uptake. This paper reviews uptake of amino acids by bovine mammary tissue relative to interorgan blood flows, red blood cell contribution, arteriovenous differences, specific mammary amino acid transport systems, and glutathione and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Recent studies with ruminant amino acid blood fluxes and the role of the red blood cell in providing nitrogenous substrates to tissues have brought to light new considerations of nutrient availability to mammary tissue. Previous studies measured arteriovenous differences to quantitate net amino acid uptake. These studies are considered relative to seven specific and separate amino acid transport systems, some of which have been identified in bovine mammary tissue. Uptake of sulfur amino acids by mammary tissue has been of interest because it appeared that insufficient quantities were provided during lactation. Glutathione, a tripeptide, may be a principle source of cysteine to mammary tissue via mechanisms involving gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, glutathione, and red blood cells. The paper considers these mechanisms in relationship to amino acid transport systems.
Optimal team communication structures in microgrids

This paper presents a team player based modeling approach to communication structures in microgrids. The modeling follows a game theoretic framework by forming teams inside the Small Scale Power Systems (SSPS). The team players are able to minimize the common objective when there is communication, and shift to the individual objectives when communication fails. The paper also presents analysis to determine the minimal performance standards for the given level of communicated information. The last part of the paper shows how the Stackelberg concept can be integrated to the micro-grid for a leader-follower modeling approach. Example systems are simulated to explain each case.
Delay-line readout for proportional chambers

Abstract A simple method for locating the position of particles which produce ionizing events in proportional wire chambers is described. The method involves the use of ferrite-loaded delay cable.
Gender and Perceptions of Interruption as Intrusive Talk: An Experimental Analysis and Reply to Criticism

After listening to an audio-recorded conversation between a man and a woman, student-judges rated the number of interruptions and relative amount of talk initiated by each speaker. Different versions of this scripted conversation, which was recorded by two teams of actors, varied: (1) the presence or absence of simultaneous speech, (2) the gender of the speaker initiating simultaneous speech, and (3) the affective context of the conversation. Both men and women judges significantly overestimated the talkativeness of a woman who interrupted a man in an otherwise cooperative conversation. The findings indicate that commonsense conceptions of interruption correspond to those of conversation analysts, and suggest that women's interruptions of men are perceived as particularly intrusive violations of conversational rights.
Random phase approximation in the fractional statistics gas

The random-phase approximation for a gas of particles obeying (1/2) fractional statistics, in the context of Feynman perturbation theory performed in the fermion representation, is shown to yield a gauge-invariant Meissner effect with full screening in the ground state, a coherence length comparable with the interparticle spacing, and a linearly dispersing undamped collective mode.
Cell-specific targeting of sindbis virus vectors displaying IgG-binding domains of protein A

Sindbis virus can infect a broad range of insect and vertebrate cell types due to the widespread distribution of the cellular receptor for the virus. The development of Sindbis virus vectors that target specific cell types could have important implications for the design of gene therapy strategies. To achieve this goal we have designed and constructed Sindbis virus particles displaying the IgG-binding domain of protein A. The protein A-envelope chimeric Sindbis virus vector has minimal infectivities against baby hamster kidney and human cell lines. When used in conjunction with monoclonal antibodies that react with cell-surface antigens, however, the protein A-envelope chimeric virus was able to infect human cell lines with high efficiency. Infection rates were 90% or higher for human lymphoblastoid cells. A variety of cells could be targeted by changing the monoclonal antibody without generating a new recombinant virus.
Myodocopa (Crustacea: Ostracoda) as models for evolutionary studies of light and vision: multiple origins of bioluminescence and extreme sexual dimorphism

Evolutionists often use phylogeny to examine independent evolutionary events in search of generality. Therefore, groups of organisms rich in such independent character transitions are particularly valuable for the study of evolution. With respect to eyes, vision, and light-related characters, one such group is Ostracoda (Crustacea). Phylogenies of ostracods, derived from DNA sequence data and morphological characters, are presented. These inferred relationships largely agree with previous assessments of ostracod phylogeny, with the exception of paraphyletic Philomedidae. Based on methods of character reconstruction using these inferred relationships, different groups of ostracods probably evolved both bioluminescence and extreme sexual dimorphism (females lack eyes, males have large eyes) multiple times. Furthermore, myodocopid ostracods may have evolved compound eyes independently of other arthropods. For these and other reasons, it is proposed that the Ostracoda are an exceptionally important group for studying the evolution of vision- and light-related characters.
Focal mucinosis of the upper aerodigestive tract in children

Cutaneous mucinosis is an uncommon lesion characterized by mucin accumulation in the dermis. Rarely, mucinosis may arise in the oral cavity; reported cases have been observed in patients older than 16 years. We identified two children younger than 5 years of age with focal mucinosis of the upper aerodigestive tract. A 3-year-old boy had been intubated at age 2 months, suffered from recurrent respiratory infections, and developed mucinosis of the larynx, a previously unreported site for this unusual lesion. The second patient, a 4-year-old girl with a cleft palate, developed palatine mucinosis.
Electron-ion recombination rate coefficients and photoionization cross-sections for Al XI, Al XII, Si XII, Si XIII for UV and X-ray modeling

Abstract Results are presented from detailed study of inverse processes of photoionization and electron-ion recombination of (hν + Al XI ⇋ Al XII + e), (hν + Al XII ⇋ Al XIII + e), (hν + Si XII ⇋ Si XIII + e), and (hν + Si XIII ⇋ Si XIV + e) using ab initio unified method. These are the first results on photoionization cross-sections (σPI(nSLJ)) with autoionizing resonances and level-specific recombination rate coefficients, incorporating both the radiative and dielectronic recombination, for these ions. All fine structure levels with n ⩽ 10 and 0 ⩽ l ⩽ 9 are considered. A total of 98 fine structure levels with 1/2 ⩽ J ⩽ 17/2 for Al XI and Si XII, and 190 for Al XII and 189 for Si XIII with 0 ⩽ J ⩽ 10 are found. σPI(nSLJ) show background enhancements due to core excitations and narrow high-peak resonances. Level-specific recombination rates show smooth decay with a small bump at high temperature. Present total recombination rate coefficients with temperature (αR(T)) show good agreement with available rates. Recombination rates over photoelectron energy (αR(E)) are presented for astrophysical and laboratory plasma applications. Total recombination rates for H-like Al XIII and Si XIV are given for completeness. Calculations are carried out in the relativistic Breit-Pauli R-matrix method using coupled channel wavefunctions. Inclusion of important atomic effects such as radiation damping, channel couplings, interference of DR and RR, and relativistic fine structure effects should provide accuracy within 10–15%. The comprehensive datasets are applicable for various models such as for ionization balance and recombination-cascade for UV and X-ray lines.
Activation of transcription factor IIIC by the adenovirus E1A protein

The factor(s) responsible for the adenovirus E1A-stimulated transcription of RNA polymerase III genes was localized previously in a chromatographic fraction containing transcription factor IIIC (TFIIIC). In further studies, two distinct forms of TFIIIC, which were chromatographically separable, generated VA gene-protein complexes that were distinguished by gel shift assays. The form of TFIIIC that generated the more slowly migrating promoter complex had greater transcriptional activity in vitro, associated more rapidly with the promoter, and formed a more salt-resistant complex. Greater amounts of this more active form of TFIIIC resulted from either E1A expression during infection or growth of the cells in a higher concentration of serum, whereas template commitment assays indicated that overall TFIIIC concentrations remained unchanged during viral infection. The in vitro interconversion of the two forms of TFIIIC by phosphatase treatment suggests that transcriptional activation of RNA polymerase III genes can be mediated by phosphorylation of TFIIIC.
Access to formally Ni(I) states in a heterobimetallic NiZn system

Heterobimetallic NiZn complexes featuring metal centers in distinct coordination environments have been synthesized using diimine–dioxime ligands as binucleating scaffolds. A tetramethylfuran-containing ligand derivative enables a stable one-electron-reduced S = 1/2 species to be accessed using Cp2Co as a chemical reductant. The resulting pseudo-square planar complex exhibits spectroscopic and crystallographic characteristics of a ligand-centered radical bound to a Ni(II) center. Upon coordination of a π-acidic ligand such as PPh3, however, a five-coordinate Ni(I) metalloradical is formed. The electronic structures of these reduced species provide insight into the subtle effects of ligand structure on the potential and reversibility of the NiII/I couple for complexes of redox-active tetraazamacrocycles.
Validation of Aura MLS HOx Measurements with Remote-Sensing Balloon Instruments

simultaneouslyboth in day and night [Waters et al., submitted]. Furtherdetails on the THz module and the OH measurementand calibration are given in Pickett [submitted]. Earlyvalidation of other molecules measured by MLS are givenin Froidevaux et al. [submitted]. The retrieval softwareversion used in this paper is 1.51.The BOH and FIRS-2 instruments were launched on acommon balloon gondola on September 23, 2004, from Ft.Sumner, NM (latitude = 34.5