cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Medical School Performance, Alumni Membership, and Giving: How Do Scholarship Recipients and Non-Recipients Differ?

Purpose: This study examines student recipients of merit, need-based, service, or minority scholar-ships, their performance in medical school, and the relationship to future alumni association mem-bership and financial giving. Method: Retrospective data on grade-point average attained across the four-year curriculum and ex-tracurricular activities reported at graduation were collected on students at the University of Ken-tucky College of Medicine from 1981-1991. Comparisons of academic performance and participa-tion in institutional activities were made across scholarship recipients and non-recipients. These data were then linked to other data tracking alumni association membership and institutional giving. Results: Compared to other scholarship recipients and non-recipients, merit scholars were more likely to be ranked above their class medians and be involved in extracurricular activities, including membership in Alpha Omega Alpha. However, seven years post-graduation, there was no difference between scholarship recipients and non-recipients in alumni association membership or donations to the medical school. Instead, students graduating in the upper half of their class, as compared to graduates in the lower half, and UKCOM graduates who attended the University of Kentucky as un-dergraduates, rather than students who attended other in-state or out-of state institutions, were more likely to join the medical alumni association. Alumni association members were more likely than non-members to make donations to the institution. Conclusions: More should be done to ensure that graduates who received scholarships are afforded meaningful ways to give back to the institution that supported them as students.
Comprehensive review of the management of internal mammary lymph node metastases in breast cancer

At the suggestion of Sampson Handley, Philip Stibbe, in 1918, characterized the spread of breast cancer to the internal mammary lymph node (IMN) chain as a pattern of metastasis. In 1952, Wangensteen published the technique of extended radical mastectomy. This technique, developed in an attempt to increase local control and survival in breast cancer, combined the classic radical mastectomy with resection of the IMN chain from the fifth intercostal space to the base of the neck. Early investigations in the 1960s and 1970s focused on the significance of IMN metastases, but the extended radical mastectomy was subsequently abandoned when prospective, randomized trials failed to demonstrate a significant increase in survival. The resurgence in interest in IMN metastases seen over the last several years is a result of the advent of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy. Lymphoscintigrams show mapping to internal mammary lymph nodes in up to 35% of patients, a finding that raises questions about the role for internal mammary sentinel lymph node (IM SLN) biopsy. In an attempt to formulate guidelines for the management of IM SLNs, we critically reviewed the historical and new evidence concerning the significance of IMN metastases. In this article, we evaluate the incidence of IMN metastases, the effect of IMN metastases on survival, the effect of IMN dissection and radiation on survival, and recent results of IMN lymphoscintigraphy and SLN biopsy. Incidence of internal mammary and axillary lymph node metastases Clinical review based on the results of reports of extended radical mastectomy confirms the importance of the IMN chain as a major pathway of lymphatic drainage. Among seven studies of extended radical mastectomy (ERM) (totaling 4,172 breast cancer patients), the estimated incidence of IMN metastasis at the time of surgery ranged from 18% to 33% (Table 1). Fourteen percent to 24% of all patients had both IMN and axillary node (AN) metastases, whereas only 2% to 11% of patients had IMN metastases alone (Table 1). Of the 2,107 AN-positive patients, 29% to 52% had IMN metastases (Table 2). Of the 2,065 AN-negative patients, 4% to 18% had IMN metastases (Table 2).
Large-scale arrays of aligned single viruses.

The fabrication of single virus arrays is herein demonstrated using the direct printing of unmodified anti-M13 bacteriophage antibodies on silicon with nanometer resolution, widely variable feature pitch, and flow alignment of the viruses. Organization of virus-based systems into functional, addressable arrays has many technological applications, including micro-array technology and bottom-up nano-assemblies.
Health and Social Justice

Ruger, J. P. (2010). Health and Social Justice. New York: Oxford University Press (224 pp., $74.00 hardback, ISBN 978-0-19-955997-8). The battle over health care reform in the United States has bee...
The Paradox of Complaining: Law, Humor, and Harassment in the Everyday Work World

This article addresses the question of women's seeming rejection of sexual harassment law by refusing to apply the label “sexual harassment” in the face of incidents that would easily qualify as such. Building on the work of Bumiller (1988) and the tradition of sociolegal studies focusing on understanding the power of the law in its everyday context (e.g., Merry 1979; Engel 1987; Sarat and Kearns 1993), this analysis explores the “tactical milieu” in which both hostile work environment sexual harassment and tactics for its resistance are produced. Using in-depth interviews with both women and men, the author explores the ways a particular form of hostile work environment harassment–dubbed “chain yanking”–poaches on the realm of ambiguous humor to effect male group solidarity and women's disempowerment. A common countertactic–”not taking it personal”– is analyzed for its simultaneous power as resistance and unwitting collaboration. The contradictory effects of this tactic-countertactic pairing on the naming and claiming of the harm of sexual harassment are examined, as well as the implications this has for combating sexual harassment in the workplace.
Achieving Sustainable Gains in Happiness: Change Your Actions, not Your Circumstances*

Although attaining happiness is a nearly universal goal, surprisingly little research has focused on how happiness can be increased and then sustained. Three studies test predictions of a model (Lyubomirsky et al., 2005) positing that sustainable happiness is possible through intentional activity changes, more so than through circumstantial changes. Study 1 shows that less hedonic adaptation is reported in response to activity changes than to circumstantial changes. Study 2 tests a dynamic process model, showing that while both positive activity changes and positive circumstantial changes predict rank-order increases in subjective well-being from Time 1 to Time 2, only activity changes predict maintained gains at Time 3. Study 3 replicates the Study 2 findings and extends them to psychological well-being (Ryff and Keyes, 1995). Implications for positive psychology and “the pursuit of happiness” are discussed.
Non-Abelian dark matter and dark radiation

An intriguing possibility for dark matter is considered: the dark matter is charged with respect to ''dark'' gluons of a new non-Abelian gauge theory. The gluons constitute self-interacting dark radiation. Cosmological consequences and distinctive experimental signatures are explored.
Role of pulsatile perfusion with tissue plasminogen activator in deceased donor kidneys with extensive glomerular thrombosis.

Abstract Background Pulsatile perfusion (PP) improves delayed graft function, whereas tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) lyses thrombi. We studied the role of PP with tPA containing perfusate in deceased donor kidneys (DDK) with 50% thrombosed glomeruli. Methods Fourteen DDK with extensive glomerular thrombi on biopsies were preserved using PP with histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution containing tPA. Wedge biopsies were repeated after PP. Results Causes of donor death included closed head trauma in 8, anoxia in 2, and stroke in 4. Donors who averaged 33.3 years old displayed a final 24-hour urine volume of 1933 mL, a terminal serum creatinine level of 1.8 mg/dL, a blood urea nitrogen of 20 mg/dL, and a platelet count of 128,000/μL. The initial flow of 47 mL improved to 111 mL/min after 16.17 hours of perfusion. Resistive indices (RI) decreased from 0.69 to 0.26 at 4.2°C. Biopsy specimens after PP showed a reduction in glomerular thrombi from 50% to 23%. Recipients averaged 54.9 years old. Cold ischemia time averaged 35.5 hours. One patient displayed primary allograft nonfunction, 3 required transient dialysis, and 10 showed prompt allograft function. Recipient follow-up averaged 12 months, with serum creatinine levels of 4.3 mg/dL at 1 week, 2.0 mg/dL at 1 month, and 1.6 mg/dL at last follow-up. Conclusions Renal allografts with extensive glomerular thrombosis improved their biopsy appearance following PP with tPA. Improvement in PP parameters allowed successful transplantation of such kidneys that otherwise would have been discarded. PP with tPA appears to be beneficial for kidneys with extensive glomerular thrombosis.
Laboratory-Scale Protein Striping System for Patterning Biomolecules onto Paper-Based Immunochromatographic Test Strips

A method for patterning narrow lines of biomolecules onto nitrocellulose membranes using laboratory syringe pumps is described. One syringe pump is used to drive the biomolecule solution through a needle, while another modified syringe pump acts as a one-dimensional translation stage, moving the needle across the membrane much like a pen. This method consumes very small volumes of reagents, and is a viable option for laboratory-scale fabrication and prototyping of point-of-care rapid diagnostic test strips.
Geological Expression 2D Workflow: A new way to get more from 2D seismic data

Within Brazil there exist more than 37 sedimentary basins containing over 1392 seismic surveys or 15.89 TB of seismic data (source web site ANP 2011), principally 2D lines, that have yet to be completely studied. In order to accelerate development Geological Expression workflows have been developed to aid the oil and gas industry with the interpretation of this large amount of data. Geological Expression is a workflow that utilises a data driven, interpreted guided approach for understanding and defining the geological elements imaged within the seismic data. Geological Expression defines a new paradigm in seismic interpretation with a workflow developed to bridge the gap between processing and interpretation to directly extract the geological information from seismic data
FEAR APPEALS AS ADVERTISING STRATEGY: SHOULD THEY BE USED?

Review of various models of the fear communication process and research on the effectiveness of fear appeals indicates that fear arousal is a complex, individually unique emotion. Inconsistent results concerning the impact of fear appeals in consumer behavior are noted. Issues arising from employing fear appeals in advertising are outlined and practical guidelines for their use are presented.
Quantitative elasticity measurements reveal intratumoral changes in response to antiangiogenic therapy - preliminary results

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) driven tumor neovasculature is known to be hyperpermeable, which in turn raises tumor interstitial fluid pressure and compromises delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Antiangiogenic therapies inhibit the VEGF signaling pathway leading to increased intratumoral necrosis. The objective of this study was to measure changes in both tumor interstitial pressure and elasticity in response to antiangiogenic therapy. Forty nude athymic mice were implanted with adenocarcinoma cells in the mammary fat pad (20 controls and 20 in therapy group). The therapy mice group was administered bevacizumab three weeks thereafter. Ultrasound imaging (4 mice per group) was performed at days 0.1, 1, 3, and 6 with a Siemens Acuson S2000 system equipped with a 4V1 transducer. Repeated intratumoral elasticity measurements were acquired using the Virtual Touch feature. Subsequently, intratumoral pressure was measured using a needle-based device prior to mouse euthanasia. On average, control tumors grew larger (+7.2%) than bevacizumab-treated tumors (−29.2%). Quantitative elasticity measurements revealed that tumors treated with bevacizumab became much stiffer compared to controls. Matched intratumoral pressure measurements showed a precipitous decrease and peak at day 1 in the therapy group that trended towards zero change thereafter. Alternatively, control tumors exhibited only a slight increase in intratumoral pressure between days 1 and 6 matching the pattern observed in elasticity measurements from this same group. No correlation was found between matched tumor volume and elasticity measurements suggesting that tumor size did not impact elasticity measurements. Overall, this study indicates that quantitative elasticity measurements may be an adjunct indicator for assessing breast cancer response or no response to antiangiogenic therapy.
Hildegardia dauphinensis (Malvaceae, Sterculioideae): a new species from southeastern Madagascar

Zaborsky J. G. 2009. — Hildegardia dauphinensis (Malvaceae, Sterculioideae): a new species from southeastern Madagascar. Adansonia, ser. 3, 31 (1): 143-148.
Middle America Trench: Seismic-Refraction Studies

Seismic-refraction profiles in the Middle America Trench show that the main crustal layer ranges from normal oceanic thickness (about 5 km) t o half again as thick. Sediments are thicker than in the Pacific Basin. Because of the increased depth of water and sediment at all stations and thickening of the main crustal layer at some stations, the M discontinuity bows down beneath the trench. At the outer edge of the continental shelf near Guatemala, the water is replaced by sediments and rocks which may be either consolidated sediments or volcanic rocks; the M discontinuity is at little greater depth than beneath the trench.
Correlation between the onset age of Huntington's disease and length of the trinucleotide repeat in IT-15

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a variable age of onset that is influenced by the sex of the affected parent. The recent recognition that HD is caused by an expanded triplet repeat suggests the possibility that the onset age may be predicted by the length of the repeat. This hypothesis was tested by assaying the length of the repeat in 114 individuals who were clinically diagnosed with HD and had a known onset age. Every individual had an expanded allele. The range was from 36 to 82 repeats (mean = 48.4 +/- 9.51) and larger than the normal range (6 to 31). The size of the expanded allele was correlated with the age of onset (r = -0.65 p < .0001). Despite the highly significant correlation, the repeat size explains less than half of the variance in onset age. Furthermore, the age of onset cannot be predicted from the size of the triplet repeat, particularly if the number of repeats is in the smaller end of the expanded range. If the repeat is < or = 50 triplets, the amount of variation in the age of onset explained by the length of the triplet repeat is less than 10%. As an illustration, the onset age of individuals with 39 repeats ranges from 30 to 65 years old. The sex of the affected parent had no effect in our sample beyond the effect of the length of the repeat. Affected offspring of affected fathers had longer repeats and a larger variance in allele size than offspring of affected mothers, perhaps reflecting greater instability in paternal transmission.
Defining terms for crystalline silicon solar cells

Sandia National Laboratories manages the US Department of Energy's program supporting photovoltaic technology based on crystalline silicon. In this role, Sandia has favored terminology for use in this program. Terms defined and presented here are for the description of different types of crystalline silicon based on grain size, the description of cell area and the description of module area. While these terms have not been formally established as an international standard, it is hoped that the majority of the photovoltaic community will adopt these terms voluntarily.
High LET radiation effects microscopy for ICs

Radiation effects microscopy (REM) has been used at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) for several years to study radiation hard ICs. As ICs become more radiation hardened, ions with larger linear energy transfer (LET) are needed to study their response to radiation. This higher LET can be achieved by using high energy, heavy ions. To carry out REM on ICs, the ion beam has to be focused to a submicron spot, which is very problematic for these ions. A new high LET system was developed at SNL, which combines two entirely new concepts in accelerator physics and nuclear microscopy. A radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac is used to boost the energy of ions accelerated by a conventional tandem Van de Graaff-pelletron to velocities of 1.9 MeV/amu. To circumvent the problem of focusing high-energy ions, we invented ion-electron emission microscopy (IEEM). Instead of focusing the ion beam and scanning it over the device under test (DUT), the positions of the ion hits are determined by projecting ion-induced secondary electrons at high magnification onto a single-electron position sensitive detector (PSD). Then, the two position signals (x and y) are recorded in coincidence with each REM event. Details of the RFQ booster and the IEEM system are given with initial results on Sandia manufactured radiation hardened ICs.
A Case Study of Team Supports for a Student with Autism's Communication and Engagement within the General Education Curriculum: Preliminary Report of the Beyond Access Model

The Beyond Access model, a student and team supports planning model, was implemented with a single student who had been integrated into a general education classroom. Preliminary findings are presented through a case study of the 10-year-old student with autism, who, previous to the study, was reported to have an academic level of 18 months to 24 months. A 4-phase process for designing and evaluating supports led to improved collaborative teaming among team members, clarification of priority learning goals for the student, increased engagement and opportunities for learning by the student in the general education curriculum, and improved augmentative and alternative communication outcomes. Potential limitations and costs of the model include staff-time commitment and the involvement of a mentor to guide the process.
Relative Susceptibilities of Component Lines of Peanut Cultivars Early Bunch and Florunner to Early and Late Leafspots1

Abstract Seedlings of component lines of peanut cultivars ‘Early Bunch’ and ‘Floninner’ were inoculated in the greenhouse with spore suspensions of each of 18 isolates of both Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum. Symptoms developed on Florunner lines within 5 to 7 and 9 to 11 days after inoculation with isolates of C. arachidicola and C. personatum, respectively. Symptoms developed on Early Bunch lines within 6 to 8 and 8 to 10 days after inoculation with isolates of C. arachidicola and C. personatum, respectively. Defoliation of Florunner and Early Bunch lines began within 11 to 14 and 14 to 17 days, respectively, following inoculation with isolates of C. arachidicola. Although variation in disease caused by isolates of the fungi was statistically significant, the susceptibilities of the component lines of the cultivars were not significantly different.
Depressed synovial fluid levels of properdin and properdin factor b in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Two proteins in the properdin system, properdin and factor B, and complement components C4 and C3 were measured by radial immunodiffusion in serums and synovial fluids from 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and positive tests for rheumatoid factor, 9 patients with seronegative RA, and 10 with degenerative joint disease. In addition to depressions of synovial fluid C4 which correlated with lowered C3 in seropositive RA, consistent with activation of the classic pathway, low synovial fluid levels of factor B and properdin in seropositive RA indicate intraarticular activation of the properdin pathway as well.
Interpretation of spin relaxation in polyisobutylene in terms of specific motions

Porton and carbon spin-lattice relaxation times T1 and nuclear Overhauser enhancements are interpreted in terms of motions likely in linear polyisobutylene. Most of the interpretation is based on relaxation data in the literature, but some additional 1H and 13C pulse Fourier transform experiments were conducted to resolve a disagreement in the literature concerning cross relaxation between the two types of protons present in polyisobutylene. Spin relaxation in solution and the bulk is accounted for by three specific motions considered as independent sources of motional modulation of the dipole–dipole interaction. The first motion is overall isotropic rotatory diffusion which has a known dependence on molecular weight, intrinsic viscosity, and solvent viscosity for polymers in solution, and a known dependence on molecular weight and viscosity for bulk polymers. The effects of overall tumbling account for a decrease of T1 for the methylene and methyl carbons with increasing molecular weight in solution and increase of T1 of methylene carbons with molecular weight in bulk. The second motion considered is backbone rearrangements caused by the three-bond jump. This motion dominates relaxation of the methylene carbons either in solution or in the bulk allowing for the determination of the associated correlation time. The correlation time characterizing the occurrence of the three-bond jump in a 5% (wt/vol) solution in CCI4 at 45°C is 58 psec, and in the bulk at 45°C it is 11 nsec. The last motion included in the model is methyl-group rotation about the threefold symmetry axis. The methyl-group rotational correlation time is 0.20 nsec in a 5% (wt/vol) solution in CCI4 at 45°C and 0.33 nsec in the bulk at 45°C. The concentration dependence of the backbone motion contrasts strongly with the corresponding dependence of methyl-group rotation.
Caught with Your Pants Down: Masculine Identity and the Consumption of Television Advertising

This article challenges the notion that masculinity is either a unitary concept or defined by being the opposite of femininity, or that masculinity is a binary construct represented by traditional and non-traditional males. This study examined a purposive sample of television commercials that depict males caught in various public situations literally caught with their pants down. The commercials were analyzed based on the re-presentation of masculinity as contained, constrained and controlled in an effort by advertisers to condition gender construction of advertising messages. The study suggests that despite advertisers’ attempts to manage masculinity, individual responses are likely to be varied depending on whether the images are perceived as arousing, attention getting, subversive, anti-normative or humiliating. By problematizing masculinity through the repeated exposure to images such as those under study, advertisers attempt to isolate men in a self-contained world, independent of the camaraderie of others and beholden to no one, except the advertiser.
Abstract 445: Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on C-Reactive Protein Levels in Normotensives versus Non-Normotensives

One of the precursors to hypertension (HTN) is systemic inflammation which can lead to vascular dysfunction and eventually HTN. Aerobic exercise training (AEXT) is known to be an important intervention tool in the prevention and treatment of HTN, inflammation and vascular dysfunction. However, no study has yet determined the effect of AEXT on inflammation in normotensive versus non-normotensive participants. Purpose: To assess whether there are differential changes in the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) in normotensive versus non-normotensive participants in response to AEXT. METHODS: 27 participants ages 41-71 were assessed. To be considered for inclusion participants had to be free of any cardiovascular disease, non-smoking and sedentary. After inclusion participants underwent blood draws, blood pressure (BP) measurements and aerobic exercise testing. Aerobic fitness was by measuring VO2max. Participants then underwent AEXT (3 days/week, 65% of VO2max, 40 minutes/day) for 6 months. Whole blood was sent to Quest Diagnostics for the measurement of serum levels of CRP. Results: CRP levels were not significantly different between normotensive (avg. BP=113/74 mmHg, N=13) and non-normotensive (avg. BP=131/82 mmHg, N=14) participants before (2.86 ± 0.82 vs. 3.65 ± 0.90 mg/L) or after (3.28 ± 1.00 vs. 2.75 ± 0.73 mg/L) AEXT. However, non-normotensive participants significantly (p≤0.016) lowered their CRP levels (3.65 ± 0.90 vs. 2.75 ± 0.73 mg/L), whereas the normotensive group did not. Neither group lowered their BP levels. Conclusion: AEXT is a proven tool for the treatment and prevention of HTN and systemic inflammation. Although AEXT did not lower BP in our setting, results suggest that AEXT may be an important tool in lowering systemic inflammation in non-normotensives who are at greater risk for cardiovascular disease.
Antipeptidoglycan in rheumatic fever: agreement with carditis.

Streptococcal peptidoglycan causes toxic effects in experimental animals, including changes in the skin of rabbits (1-3), rheumatic-like changes in the hearts of mice (4, 5), and persistent extensive carditis in rabbits (3). No one has yet determined whether or not streptococcal peptidoglycan plays a role in rheumatic carditis in man. In order to investigate this possibility, we attempted to detect the presence of antipeptidoglycan in the sera of the rheumatic fever patients with and without carditis.For the detection of antipeptidoglycan, we used a heterologous system involving a test antigen derived from Micrococcus lysodeikticus and inhibitors obtained from Staphylococcus aureus. The basis of reactivity of peptidoglycan with the antibody in this system is the presence of two determinants: glycan with an immunodominant β-N-acetylglucosamine (6, 7) and peptide with an immunodominant C-terminal d-alanyl-d-alanine (8, 9), presented in Table I. In the peptide determinant, l-alanyl-γ-(α-d-glutamyl)-l-lysyl-d...
Einige Befunde zur Wirkung vergleichender Werbung

In der EU-Richtlinie 97/55/EG werden Regeln fur vergleichende Werbung innerhalb der Europaischen Union formuliert, und die Mitgliederlander sind aufgefordert worden, diese in nationales Recht umzuwandeln. Dies geschah in Deutschland 1998 durch Urteile des Bundesgerichtshofs. Obwohl der vergleichenden Werbung anfangs eine rasche Verbreitung vorausgesagt worden ist, lasst sich diese Werbeform in der Praxis selten beobachten. Ein Grund hierfur durfte darin liegen, dass uber die Wirkung vergleichender Werbung und ihrer Varianten noch wenige Erkenntnisse vorliegen und dem moglichen Erfolg dieser Werbung somit ein gewisses Misstrauen entgegen gebracht wird. In diesem Beitrag werden die Befunde aus zwei Experimenten vorgestellt, in denen wichtige Aspekte der vergleichenden Werbung untersucht worden sind.
New Species of Myxobacteria from the Bark of Living Trees

Examination of the bark of living trees for representatives of the order Myxobacterales (Schizomycetes) has resulted in the finding of several previously undescribed species. Four such species of m...
Nanoscale Assembly of Nanowires Templated by Microtubules

Conventional top-down lithographic processes approach their practical and theoretical limits at dimensional scales less than 100 nm. Alternative bottom-up methods are being investigated to build nanoscale architectures, including the use of biomolecules whose functional groups bind inorganic particles. In this study, the fabrication and alignment of microtubule-based nanowires are investigated. Microtubules (MT) are fibrous proteins found in nearly all eukaryotes. Our work was carried out using polymerized alpha- and beta-tubulins, which were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to stabilize the protein structure. Ni coated microtubules were fabricated by reducing Ni2+ to Ni0 on Pd activated microtubule surface. Focus Ion Beam was used to write metal contacts on these Ni microtubule nanowires and DC conductivity values were measured. Au deposition on MT was performed by both electroless deposition and electrodeposition, by reducing HAuCl4 onto MT prebound with 2 nm Au colloids. Although most MTs exhibited discontinuous Au binding, a fraction of MTs were covered completely by Au. Preliminary electrical measurements for these materials are reported. Alignment of microtubules was also achieved by injecting MTs into microfluidic devices over amine-coated substrate surfaces. These biotemplating approaches are the first steps towards constructing more complicated 2D and 3D architectures.
Site AC Voltage Withstand Test System Study and Application of 750 kV Circuit Breakers

Introduction was made to the standard and time sequence of site AC voltage withstand test of 750 kV circuit breakers. Analysis was made to the test methods based on serial resonance principle and actual parameters of different equipment in test system. On the basis of this, the site AC voltage withstand test system of a set of 750 kV circuit breakers was disposed. The actual example shows that the AC voltage withstand test for the main circuit and breaking outlet of 750 kV circuit breakers could be completed successfully.
Care of neonatal inguinal incarcerated hernia

Objective To summarize the perioperative care of neonatal inguinal incarcerated hernia and to improve the surgery cure rate,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.Methods Thirty-four admitted neonatal patients with inguinal incarcerated hernia containing the records and clinical care were analysised in our hospital within 1999-2006,and newborns inguinal incarcerated hernia perioperative nursing was summed up.Results Of 34 cases of newborn children with inguinal incarcerated hernia,2 cases with tranquilizers injection were observed reduction after a medical examination and cured with 2nd operation.Thirty-two cases under emergency surgery,eight cases occurred intestinal necrosis and fixed with a bowel resection anastomosis.Preoperative combined neonatal pneumonia occurred in 7 cases,1 neonatal scleredema.With aggressive anti-infection,nutrition support.and warming,30 cases were discharged on 7-8d after operation and 2 cases with complications were dead after giving up treatment.Conclusion Neonatal inguinal incarcerated hernia surgery is a common pediatric emergency.Early diagnosis and proper perioperative care are the key to the treatment of neonatal inguinal incarcerated hernia.
Inspection of veterinary biologics in the United States.

Inspection of veterinary biologics in the United States (U.S.) has changed significantly over the years since the Virus-Serum-Toxin Act (V-S-T) was passed by the U.S. Congress in 1913. At first, government inspectors were appointed to every production location, observing the preparation, testing and initial shipment of veterinary biologics. In the 1950s, a new plan was developed to provide a more scientific basis of inspection. Over a 10-year period, a programme to test finished products at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories and a new procedure for inspecting facilities and products was implemented. Our current programme retains our extensive pre-licensing review of products, labeling, facilities and personnel and adds the new inspection system of random checking of finished batches, unannounced in-depth inspections, control of product batches and post-licensing monitoring. This combination of activities ensures that pure, safe, effective and economical veterinary biologics are available for use in the U.S.
Selecting a preservation photocopy machine

Quels facteurs sont a considerer pour l'acquisition d'une photocopieuse a des fins de remplacement et de reproduction de livres fragiles beaucoup utilises, et assurer la permanence et la durabilite des documents reproduits? La fiche d'evaluation technique recapitule la presentation de ces facteurs devant intervenir dans le processus de selection d'un tel equipement
Data-intensive resourcing in healthcare

Big Data promises to heal many of the complex problems in healthcare. Departing from conventional ways of thinking about what constitutes relevant health data and how to analyze it, data-intensive resourcing entails different practices of collecting, sorting, circulating, and interpreting data, while making it available to multiple users. In the process, big data and the infrastructures instilled to support it are creating new forms of value and reordering relationships as distinctions between medical and nonmedical data and research and care are blurred. This paper situates big data in healthcare within social-political and economic conditions in the U.S., and charts emerging assemblages in order to make visible the cultural work that big data does in healthcare.
Observation of the Growth and Decay of a Wave Spectrum

In October, 1954, the R/V Atlantis of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution was used for an observation program of wind and waves. This was part of a joint undertaking in wave research designed to obtain the two-dimensional energy spectrum of the sea surface by means of aerial stereophotography techniques. A series of wave records and visual estimates of wave heights were made during two periods of high waves.
Consistent nonlinear plate equations to arbitrary order for anisotropic, electroelastic crystals

This paper derives nonlinear plate equations for electroelastic crystals using both power series and trigonometric expansions of the three-dimensional equations. Unlike existing theories, material nonlinearities are included to cubic order in the gradients of the field variables, which allows Duffing behavior to be properly modeled. Moreover, inconsistencies in existing nonlinear power series expansions are revealed, and a consistent expansion is given. Next, a Galerkin truncation is applied to the variational formulation of the plate equations to give a very general reduced-order model of its dynamics near primary resonance. By comparison with the Galerkin discretization of the exact equations, nonlinear correction factors are derived for both power series and trigonometric expansions. Numerical continuation of the resulting nonlinear ODEs demonstrates the effect of lateral eigenmodes on the Duffing behavior of the frequency response. Both power series and trigonometric expansions produce results in close agreement. In the limit of purely thickness vibrations, the nonlinear plate equations reduce to the Galerkin truncation of the exact equations.
A Rational Approximate Solution to L∞ Optimal Control

Abstract This paper presents a rational approximate solution to the problem of minimizing the amplitude of a regulated output subject to a bounded fixed input for SISO continuous time systems. We show that the optimal solution can be approximated arbitrarily closely, in terms of the time domain L ∞ norm of the regulated output, by solving a sequence of convex optimization problems over linear matrix inequalities. Numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Pioglitazone Therapy of PAX8-PPARγ Fusion Protein Thyroid Carcinoma.

Context A subset of thyroid carcinomas expresses an oncogenic paired box 8 (PAX8) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) fusion protein (PPFP). The PPARγ/PPFP ligand pioglitazone is highly therapeutic in a transgenic mouse model of PPFP thyroid carcinoma, but whether pioglitazone is therapeutic in patients with PPFP thyroid carcinoma is unknown. Case description Tumor blocks from 40 patients with progressive thyroid cancer despite standard-of-care therapy were screened for PPFP, and the tumor from only one patient (2.5%) was positive. The patient had a 6.0-cm acetabular soft tissue metastasis from Hurthle cell carcinoma that caused severe pain on weight bearing and had a serum thyroglobulin level of 1974 ng/mL. After 24 weeks of therapy with pioglitazone, the metastatic lesion was 3.9 cm, the thyroglobulin level was 49.4 ng/mL, and the patient was pain-free. Thirteen months after discontinuation of pioglitazone, the metastatic lesion was 3.6 cm, the thyroglobulin level was 4.7 ng/mL, and the patient remained pain-free. Conclusions Pioglitazone may be therapeutic in patients with PPFP thyroid cancer. However, thyroid cancers that are progressive despite standard-of-care therapy appear to only rarely express PPFP.
The Spectrum of Mucosal and Cutaneous Candidosis

Primary or secondary infection of the skin, mucous membranes, and, less commonly, internal organs with yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida is now referred to as candidosis. The clinical spectrum of the mucosal and cutaneous candidoses includes acute candidal infections such as vaginitis, intertrigo, oral thrush, and candidal paronychia. Additionally, the spectrum includes congenital candidosis, chronic mucocutaneous candidosis, and systemic candidosis, which may cause cutaneous embolic lesions. Therapy is dependent on the clinical type of candidosis.
A model for third sound attenuation in thick 4He films

Third sound attenuation in thick 4He films has been observed to be much greater than predictions based on known mechanisms. We propose a possible mechanism for this observed high attenuation. Pinned vortices, possibly created when the superfluid transition is traversed, undergo driven oscillations in the third sound wave flow field. The dissipation is caused by two related effects. The first is due to the mutual friction between the vortex cores and the normal component. The second, larger contribution, is due to the drag experienced by a vortex-induced surface dimple. Variations in vortex density explain quite naturally the observed lack of reproducibility in attenuation measurements. A vortex density on the order of 1017m−2 is required to account for dissipation reported in several experiments. We discuss the temperature, frequency and thickness dependence of the dissipation. The proposed model is also applicable to a vortex contribution to fourth sound attenuation. If third sound attenuation is indeed a signature of a very dense array of pinned vorticity, then our conception of a homogeneous superfluid film needs considerable alteration.
The Impact of Epistemological Beliefs on Student Interactions with an Intelligent Tutoring System

Computer technologies may present some potential advantages not present in human instructors. There are currently many effective tutoring systems that have been created. The program chosen for the current evaluation was the Assessment and LEarning in Knowledge Spaces (ALEKS). It uses adaptive programming to best serve the learner’s needs in learning mathematics. This program has been shown to be as effective as other mathematics tutoring systems in direct tests [1].
Smoking as a Predictor of Atherosclerosis in the Honolulu Heart Program

Cigarette smoking has been implicated in epidemiologic studies as one of the risk factors for clinical coronary heart disease. It is not possible to tell from such studies if smoking is associated with the underlying development of atherosclerosis or with the precipitation of acute occlusive events through some totally different mechanisms such as clot formation.
Improvement of Piezoresistive Microcantilever Beams for Gas Detection and Sensing

Past work associated with this project has focused on both symmetric and asymmetric base arrangement piezoresistive microcantilever beams used for gas detection. Symmetric piezoresistive microcantilever beams have been shown to detect the presence of surrounding gas through changes in the resonance behavior of the beam; however, the device sensitivity was relatively low, leading to challenges due to noise and clear identification of resonance changes. An asymmetric base arrangement has been shown to improve the sensitivity of the device dramatically by changing the nature of the stress state in the piezoresistive base. The current work is focused on both improved fabrication methods for the asymmetric piezoresistive microcantilever beams and their resonance behavior in vacuum. The new fabrication method employs new equipment and photoresistors to speed the process. Furthermore, the critical step in beam writing is upgraded to whole wafer writing rather than each individual diced component. This eliminates at least two time-consuming steps and has shown promising results. The new process is being applied to several different types of SOI wafers to assess the importance of resistivity and device/insulation layer thickness on device outcomes. Future studies using these new devices will focus on detection and sensing with gases with suitable modeling and validation to demonstrate their efficacy for general use.
A History of Research in Fault Tolerant Computing at SRI International

This paper offers a history of the research in fault-tolerant computing at the Computer Science Laboratory of SRI International. This research program, one of several in the lab, started in 1961 and from time to time has involved almost every lab member. The author did not initiate the program, but has had the good fortune of participating in it since its inception.
A Qualitative Data Analysis: Family Victim Advocates In Child Advocacy Centers

ABSTRACTFamily victim advocates in child advocacy centers provide a valuable resource to children and parents involved in child abuse investigations. This work requires that family victim advocates...
A Hidden Culture of Coping: Insights on African American Women’s Existence in Predominately White Institutions

Limited scholarship has examined the relationship between pervasive intellectual, cultural, and racial stereotypes and their role in establishing and perpetuating psychological anguish. This effect...
Can a diversity statement increase diversity in MOOCs

Despite the fact that anyone can sign up for open online courses, their enrollment patterns reflect the historical underrepresentation of certain sociodemographic groups (e.g. women in STEM disciplines). We theorize that enrollment choices online are shaped by contextual cues that activate stereotypes about numeric representation and climate in brick-and-mortar institutions. A longitudinal matched-pairs experiment with 14 MOOCs (N=29,000) tested this theory by manipulating the presence of a diversity statement on course pages and measuring effects on who enrolls. We found a 3% increase in the proportion of students with lower socioeconomic status. The effect size varied across courses between -0.5 and 7 percentage points. No significant changes in enrollment patterns by gender, age, and national development level occurred. Implications for the use and content of diversity statements and their alternatives are discussed.
Transradial and Transfemoral Uterine Fibroid Embolization Comparative Study: Technical and Clinical Outcomes.

PURPOSE To compare clinical and technical outcomes of transradial (TRA) uterine artery embolization (UAE) with those of the transfemoral (TFA) approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive patients who underwent UAE with TRA and TFA in an academic hospital between May 2014 and June 2018 were included in this study. The ability to perform the procedure as planned, complication rates, and reduction in uterine volume, fibroid enhancement, and symptomatic improvement were compared using descriptive statistics, Student t-test, and chi-square test. RESULTS There were 91 patients in the TFA group and 91 patients in the TRA group, with 1 crossover to TFA due to vasospasm (1 of 91; 1%). The tallest patient in the TRA UAE group was 178 cm and 4 patients taller than 178 cm in the TFA UAE group. Larger particles (900-1,200 μm) were more often used in the TFA group than in the TRA group (P < .001). There were similar low rates of minor access site complications. In the TFA group (6 of 91, 7%), 5 patients had groin hematomas, and 2 patients had groin pain compared to the TRA group (5 of 91, 5%): in which 4 patients had transient focal occlusion of the radial artery and 1 patient had focal pain, all of which resolved with conservative management. There were similar rates of uterine volume reduction in 40% ± 17% in the TFA versus 36% ± 16% in the TRA group (P = .22) and no residual enhancement in 49 of 58 [84%] in the TFA group versus 66 of 77 [86%] in the TRA group (P = .84). There were similar reductions in modifying symptoms (60 of 64 [94%] in the TRA group; and 37 of 40 [93%] in the TFA group; P = NS) was noted at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Transradial UAE in women up to 178 cm tall and transfemoral UAE have similar technical and clinical outcomes, with low rates of access site complications.
Ramping up to the Biology Workbench: A Multi-Stage Approach to Bioinformatics Education.

In the process of designing and field-testing bioinformatics curriculum materials, we have adopted a three-stage, progressive model that emphasizes collaborative scientific inquiry. The elements of the model include: (1) context setting, (2) introduction to concepts, processes, and tools, and (3) development of competent use of technologically sophisticated tools. A curriculum involving the analysis of HIV sequence data is used to illustrate this framework and provide a context for discussing this student-centered, inquiry-based approach to bioinformatics education and literacy.
Learning Curve of a Surgical Educator: Resident Cataract Surgery Outcomes under the Supervision of One Attending Surgeon over 5 Years

Background The main purpose of this article is to determine the trend of intraoperative complications of resident-performed cataract surgery under the supervision of one attending surgeon during the initial 5 years of surgical teaching. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted at the Wilmer Eye Institute for all postgraduate year 4 resident-performed cataract surgeries between July 2013 and June 2018 that were supervised by one attending surgeon who was directly out of fellowship training. Recorded data included patient demographics, presence of preoperative risk factors (small pupil, dense cataract, history of ocular trauma, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, postvitrectomy, pre-existing zonular weakness, and high myopia), and intraoperative complications (posterior capsule tear resulting in vitreous loss and zonular dehiscence resulting in vitreous loss and/or loss of sulcus support). A generalized estimating equation model was constructed to determine factors associated with intraoperative complications. Results A total of 1,253 resident cataract surgeries involving 988 patients were included. The overall complication rate was 3.6% (n = 45/1253), with a decreasing trend observed in the rate of intraoperative complications across the study years. Multivariate analysis found that complications during cataract surgery were more likely to occur in earlier years of the supervising surgeon's career (p = 0.01), at the beginning of the academic year (p = 0.03), in eyes with preoperative risk factors (p Conclusion A learning curve exists for novice attending surgeons during their initial years of resident cataract surgery supervision. Residency programs should consider resources to educate novice surgical educators, especially on how to effectively supervise resident-performed complex cases.