cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional analysis of enlarging aneurysms after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the Gore Excluder Pivotal clinical trial

Objective Recent reports have raised concern about the percentage of enlarging abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) after endovascular repair with the Gore Excluder device. As part of the investigation into this issue, a morphologic analysis was performed on enlarging aneurysms in the Excluder Pivotal clinical trial. Methods Computed tomographic scans were evaluated on all patients identified with enlarging aneurysms (5-mm increase by Core laboratory or site) and at least 4 years of follow-up in the Excluder Pivotal clinical trial. Three-dimensional reconstruction, a set of 24 standard morphologic measurements, and analysis of potential enlargement mechanisms were performed. Results Of 112 trial patients with 4 years of follow-up, 38 AAAs (34%) were identified as enlarging. Data were obtained from 196 computed tomographic scans (the mean interval was 47 months from first to last scan). Of the 158 scans with a prior scan for comparison, 41% demonstrated growth relative to the initial scan by diameter criteria, but 79% demonstrated growth relative to the initial scan by 3-dimensional volume criteria ( P 2 analysis). This difference was most evident at early time points: at 1 year, diameter criteria indicated that 8% of these AAAs were enlarging, but 56% were already enlarging by volume criteria. On average, enlargement was detected by volume 18 months before it was detected by diameter ( P P P 3 vs 11 ± 1 cm 3 [ P Conclusions The etiology of aneurysm enlargement in the Excluder Pivotal trial is likely multifactorial, including endoleak, inadequate attachment site length, and endotension or device permeability. Even by conservative criteria, a substantial percentage of aneurysm growth with the original device is likely due to material permeability. Three-dimensional volume criteria detected aneurysm enlargement more frequently, at a smaller diameter, and on average 18 months sooner than standard diameter criteria, thus suggesting a role in further investigation of this issue.
Nonlinearity and phase noise in high-current photodetectors

Great progress has been made in the past decade in developing high-current photodetectors, but the modeling of these devices has not kept pace. The status of the devices and the models is reviewed.
Nuclear Organization and Chromosome Segregation

The genetic information underlying plant form and function is contained within the cell nucleus in the form of complex, dynamic DNA–protein structures—the chromosomes. The faithful transmission of these structures during mitosis and meiosis requires extensive chromosome reorganization and the
Crystal and molecular structure of [η5-C5(CH3)5]Co(O2C6H4), a cobalt(o-catecholate) complex

Abstract [η5-C5(CH3)5]Co(O2C6H4) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with a 12.942(4), b 12.902(4), c 8.543(3) A, V 1426(1) A3, and Z = 4. Least-squares refinement of 1688 independent observed reflections, F(obs) ⩾ 2.5σ(Fobs), gives RF 3.79 and RwF 3.72%. The cyclopentadienyl ring contains two short (1.412(3) A) and three longer (〈av〉 1.430(4) A) CC bond lenghts, consistent with a slight preference for diolefin bonding. The O2C6H4 fragment is best described as a catecholate with a CO bond distance of 1.338(3), and a CoO distance of 1.837(2) A.
Some Thoughts on the Equivalence of Systematic and Nonsystematic Convolutional Encoders

In this paper, we re-examine the notion of equivalent systematic and nonsystematic convolutional encoders within the context of turbo coding. In particular, we argue that using equivalent systematic and nonsystematic constituent encoders in a parallel concatenated system does not yield the same performance. In fact, the performance can differ greatly, depending on the effective free distance and the encoder mapping. Since nonsystematic encoders typically have larger effective free distances than their systematic counterparts, they are better in the “error floor”, or low BER, region of the performance curve. On the other hand, since systematic encoders typically have better encoder mappings than nonsystematic encoders, they are better in the “waterfall”, or high BER, region of the performance curve.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Tin Monosulfide Thin Films

Thin film solar cells made from earth-abundant, non-toxic materials are needed to replace the current technology that uses Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 and CdTe, which contain scarce and toxic elements. One promising candidate absorber material is tin monosulfide (SnS). In this report, pure, stoichiometric, single-phase SnS films were obtained by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using the reaction of bis(N,N′-diisopropylacetamidinato)tin(II) [Sn(MeC(N-iPr)2)2] and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at low temperatures (100 to 200 °C). The direct optical band gap of SnS is around 1.3 eV and strong optical absorption (α > 104 cm−1) is observed throughout the visible and near-infrared spectral regions. The films are p-type semiconductors with carrier concentration on the order of 1016 cm−3 and hole mobility 0.82–15.3 cm2V−1s−1 in the plane of the films. The electrical properties are anisotropic, with three times higher mobility in the direction through the film, compared to the in-plane direction.
Posterior cortical atrophy: clinical presentation and cognitive deficits compared to Alzheimer's disease

Background: Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is an uncommon dementia syndrome with initial manifestations of visual dysfunction and preservation of memory and language until late in the disease. Since prognosis and management differ from typical Alzheimer's disease (tAD), clinical tests to distinguish PCA from tAD are needed. Methods: Fifteen PCA cases and 15 tAD cases, defined by clinical and MRI criteria, were compared by present symptoms and scores on four cognitive tests. Results: Symptoms of visual disturbance and dyslexia were more commonly reported in PCA cases (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.006, respectively), and memory loss was more commonly reported in tAD (p = 0.006). Patients with PCA were less accurate on the Cortical Vision Screening Test (t = 6.0; p< 0.001) and in copying the Rey-Osterreith Complex Figure (t = 6.0; p< 0.001), in comparison to the tAD group. Memory, evaluated by the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, was impaired in both groups; however, delayed recall was more impaired in the tAD group (t = 2.5; p = 0.03). Conclusion: Compared to patients with tAD, patients with PCA are more likely to present to their providers with symptoms of visual dysfunction. Performance on simple tests of visual perception and copying can be used to distinguish the two disorders even a few years after initial symptoms.
Double Arthrodesis Through a Medial Approach for End-Stage Adult-Acquired Flatfoot

Triple arthrodesis has traditionally been the procedure of choice for end-stage adult-acquired flatfoot. The results have been universally good, and it has proven to be dependable and predictable. Nonetheless, complications have been reported following triple arthrodesis in certain patients. Selective arthrodesis of the talonavicular joint and subtalar joint through a single medial approach has been developed as an alternative. The authors especially prefer this procedure with severe transverse plane deformity and often choose this approach as an alternative to triple arthrodesis in high-risk patients, including those patients with diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, long-term steroid use, and the elderly.
Survey of Psychophysiology Measurements Applied to Human-Robot Interaction

This paper reviews the literature related to the use of psychophysiology measures in human-robot interaction (HRI) studies in an effort to address the fundamental question of appropriate metrics and methodologies for evaluating HRI research, especially affect. It identifies four main methods of evaluation in HRI studies: (1) self-report measures, (2) behavioral measures, (3) psychophysiology measures, and (4) task performance. However, the paper also shows that using only one of these measures for evaluation is insufficient to provide a complete evaluation and interpretation of the interactions between a robot and the human with which it is interacting. In addition, the paper describes exemplar HRI studies which use psychophysiological measures; these implementations fall into three categories: detection and/or identification of specific emotions of participants from physiological signals, evaluation of participants' responses to a robot through physiological signals, and development and implementation of real-time control and modification of robot behaviors using physiological signals. Two open research questions on psychophysiological metrics were identified as a result of this review.
A failure model of heating filaments in epitaxial growth tools

This paper presents a failure model of heating filaments as used in semiconductor manufacturing tools for growing epitaxial films. Attempts were endeavoured to provide feasible physical insights on the observations in changes of impedance as indirectly derived via readings of voltage-current measurements, instead of conventional data-driven black-box approach of statistical regressions. The proposed model is able to predict the magnitudes of these impedance changes and the classification result lends itself to the setting up of quantifiable control limits to enable early warnings of fault detections in process controls.
A study on cell-level routing for VeSFET circuits

In this paper, we study the inter-cell routing of circuits implemented with VeSFET transistors. VeSFET-based cells have footprint significantly smaller than their CMOS counterparts and their layouts affect the inter-cell routability. We observe that cell footprint scaling leads to wire lengths reduction only when a sufficient number of inter-cell metal layers is available. Otherwise, the inter-cell white space needed for routing obliterates the potential benefits of footprint scaling. VeSFET-based circuits may benefit from routing on both sides of the transistor layer.
A search for companions to irregular variables of type S

IUE archival spectra of S-type stars that may be cool analogues of Ba II stars have been inspected for evidence of hot companions. Although the currently accessible data for 9 stars are of marginal quality, spectra of the brightest candidate, HR 1105, show strong evidence for the presence of a hot companion of low luminosity.
Speculations on a schematic theory of the Younger Dryas

The possible implications of a change in deep ocean mixing generated by the abrupt coverage of continental shelves during deglaciation is explored schematically. A simple Cartesian continental shelf/deep ocean tidal model is used to mimic the behavior of tidal dissipation at a variety of frequencies relative to a basin-near-resonance. The actual estimated sea level curve is then used to calculate a representative deep water tidal dissipation through time, which is then translated by means of a one-dimensional loop flow to explore the implications of a change in deep ocean mixing. It is possible to pick parameters for the loop model, which is analogous to the Stommel two-state box model, such that interesting transitions occur when diffusion alone is changed, including oscillatory responses. To the extent that the box model is believed to mimic the ocean circulation, it can produce shifts analogous to the re-glaciation and subsequent de-glaciation characterizing the Younger Dryas interval. That changing topography and winds would likely also have a profound influence on mixing by mesoscale disturbances is noted but not pursued.
Fetal Sheep Pituitary Proopiomelanocortin in Late Gestation: Effect of Bilateral Lesions of the Paraventricular Nucleus on Regional and Cellular Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Levels

Previous experiments have clearly indicated that the successful completion of ovine gestation is dependent upon fetal adrenocortical maturation and the associated preterm rise in fetal plasma cortisol. The purposes of this study were to: 1) examine pituitary POMC messenger RNA (mRNA) levels during normal fetal development; and 2) examine the effects of bilateral lesion of the fetal paraventricular nucleus (PVN) on levels and spatial distribution of pituitary POMC mRNA. Pituitary glands were collected from intact fetal sheep of four gestational ages [100–107 days gestational age (dga), n = 8; 117–121 dga, n = 9; 126–130 dga, n = 9; 144–147 dga, n = 8]. Lesions of the PVN (PVN Lx; n = 4) or sham lesions (Sham; n = 5) were performed at 118–122 dga. Pituitary glands from PVN Lx and Sham fetuses were collected at 139–142 dga (term∼ 147 dga). POMC mRNA levels were determined by in situ hybridization. POMC transcript levels were determined by both regional analysis (20× magnification) and analysis of individual ...
Rocks, Bottles, and Weak Autocracies: The Role of Political Regime Settings on Contention-Repression Interactions

*† Scholars have recently begun to explore more nuanced ways of looking at the links between protest and repression, including consideration of the regime and other structural impacts on this dynamic relationship. This work contributes to this growing literature by employing Cox proportional hazards models to analyze daily data from 98 countries to study the exchanges between violent and nonviolent contention and repression under different regime settings. Results highlight the importance of considering the political setting when examining the dynamic contention-repression interaction, the need to account for both contentious actions’ effects on state repression and state repression’s effects on contention, and the fact that regime type categories should be further disaggregated in order to fully capture the particularities of this complex relationship.
Plans for performance and model improvements in the LISE++ software

Abstract The LISE ++ software for fragment separator simulations is undergoing a major update. LISE ++ is the standard software used at in-flight separator facilities for predicting beam intensity and purity. The code simulates nuclear physics experiments where fragments are produced and then selected with a fragment separator. A set of modifications to improve the functionality of the code is discussed in this work. These modifications include transportation to a modern graphics framework and updated compilers to aid in the performance and sustainability of the code. To accommodate the diversity of our users’ computer platform preferences, we extend the software from Windows to a cross-platform application. The calculations of beam transport and isotope production are becoming more computationally intense with the new large scale facilities. Planned new features include new types of optimization, for example, optimization of ion optics, improvements in reaction models, and new event generator options. In addition, LISE ++ interface with control systems are planned. Computational improvements as well as the schedule for updating this large package will be discussed.
Disney Theme Parks: Mickey Goes to China?

Disney must decide whether to build a theme park in China. If the decision is yes, a number of key design decisions must be made.
Cross-Country Differences in the Additive Effects of Socioeconomics, Health Behaviors and Medical Comorbidities on Disability among Older Adults with Heart Disease

BACKGROUND: Patients with heart disease experience limited activities of daily living (ADL). This is a cross-country comparison of the additive effects of Socioeconomics, health behaviors, and the number of medical comorbidities on disability among patients with heart disease. METHODS: The current study used a cross-sectional design. Data came from the Research on Early Life and Aging Trends and Effects (RELATE). The current analysis utilized data on elderly individuals (age ≥60 y) from 13 countries. The outcome was any ADL limitation (i.e. bathing, dressing, using toilet, transferring, lifting heavy things, shopping, and eating meals). Socioeconomics (i.e. age, gender, education, and income), health behaviors (i.e. exercise, smoking, and drinking), and number of chronic medical conditions (i.e. hypertension, respiratory, arthritis, stroke, and diabetes) were entered into country-specific logistic regressions, considering at least one limitation in ADL as the main outcome. RESULTS: Number of comorbid medical conditions and age were positively associated with disability in 85% of the countries. Physical activity and drinking were linked to disability in 54%and 31% of countries, respectively. Higher education and income were associated with lower disability in 31% and 23% of the countries, respectively. Female gender was associated with higher disability only in 15% of the countries. Smoking was not associated with disability, while the effects of socioeconomics, drinking, exercise, and medical comorbidities were controlled. CONCLUSION: Determinants of disability depend on the country; accordingly, locally designed health promotion interventions may be superior to the universal interventions for patients with heart disease. Medical comorbidities, however, should be universally diagnosed and treated. Language: en
The Effect of Layer Thickness on Polycrystalline Zirconia Growth in Zirconia-Alumina Multilayer Nanolaminates

The mechanical properties of zirconia are known to be a function of phase composition. We show here that a nanolaminate geometry can be used to control the phase composition of zirconia films. The experiment consisted of growth of nanoscale multilayer films (nanolaminates) of polycrystalline zirconia and amorphous alumina by reactive sputter deposition on Si (111) and fused silica substrates. The films were characterized using x-ray diffraction and high resolution electron microscopy. The results show that both monoclinic (m) and tetragonal (t) zirconia polymorphs were formed in the zirconia layers. Most crystallites are oriented with either close-packed (111)-t or (111)-m planes parallel to the substrate. The volume fraction of tetragonal zirconia, the desired phase for transformation-toughening behavior, increases with decreasing zirconia layer thickness. Nanolaminates with a volume fraction of tetragonal zirconia exceeding 0.8 were produced without the addition of a stabilizing dopant, and independent of the kinetic factors that limit tetragonal zirconia growth in pure zirconia films.
On the nature of the hydrogen bonds to neutral ubiquinone in the QA binding site in purple bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers.

The nature of hydrogen bonding to pigments in protein complexes is currently a topic of some debate. The debate centers on whether hydrogen bonds can be understood on purely electrostatic grounds or whether they need to be considered quantum mechanically. This distinction is of current relevance primarily because of the application of QM/MM computational methods to the study of biological problems. To address this problem we have used QM/MM methods to study the neutral state of the hydrogen bonded ubiquinone molecule termed QA that functions as an electron transfer cofactor in purple bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers. In these calculations we have treated the hydrogen bonding amino acids either quantum mechanically or using molecular mechanics methods. As a specific metric for comparing the different computational methods isotope edited FTIR difference spectra are calculated. The calculated spectra are in remarkable agreement with experimental spectra, and it is found that the calculated spectra a...
Mitigating the Effect of Noise in Iterative Projection Phase Retrieval

Here the effect of noisy measurement data is explored within the traditional phase retrieval problem with the goal of filtering the noise to obtain an estimate of the true data. The method proposed can be applied to most existing phase retrieval methods.
Structure of Child-Rearing Values in Urban China

Developed primarily from studies undertaken in the market economy, child socialization theory suggests a central link between social class and child-rearing values. Middle-class parents value children's autonomy, whereas working-class parents endorse children's conformity. This research argues that the effects of class on child-rearing values differ in the market and the command economies. Drawing data from the World Values Survey, it examines the relationships among social class, education, occupational autonomy, and the valuation of children's autonomy and conformity in urban China. The findings suggest that while class and education influence child-rearing values of Chinese adults, the effect of class and the magnitude of education differ from what has been observed in market economies or capitalist societies. Furthermore, occupational autonomy is not the driving force of value variations. Sources and implications of the findings are discussed.
Thermal decomposition mechanisms of the methoxyphenols: formation of phenol, cyclopentadienone, vinylacetylene, and acetylene.

The pyrolyses of the guaiacols or methoxyphenols (o-, m-, and p-HOC6H4OCH3) have been studied using a heated SiC microtubular (μ-tubular) reactor. The decomposition products are detected by both photoionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (PIMS) and matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy (IR). Gas exiting the heated SiC μ-tubular reactor is subject to a free expansion after a residence time of approximately 50–100 μs. The PIMS reveals that, for all three guaiacols, the initial decomposition step is loss of methyl radical: HOC6H4OCH3 → HOC6H4O + CH3. Decarbonylation of the HOC6H4O radical produces the hydroxycyclopentadienyl radical, C5H4OH. As the temperature of the μ-tubular reactor is raised to 1275 K, the C5H4OH radical loses a H atom to produce cyclopentadienone, C5H4═O. Loss of CO from cyclopentadienone leads to the final products, acetylene and vinylacetylene: C5H4═O → [CO + 2 HC≡CH] or [CO + HC≡C–CH═CH2]. The formation of C5H4═O, HCCH, and CH2CHCCH is confirmed with IR spectroscopy. In separat...
Constructing International Security: Deterrent Commitments in East Asia

This chapter presents a comparative historical analysis of cases of U.S. commitment making in East Asia during the 1950s. The purpose of the analysis is to examine one of the main causal mechanisms in the theory that explains why leaders might select probabilistic deterrence commitments rather than conditional commitment alternatives when trying to balance extended deterrence with ally restraint. The analysis demonstrates that when disputants can take actions in a crisis to initiate or escalate conflict and those actions are hidden from third-party defenders, then a third party intending to ally with one of the disputants will prefer to extend a probabilistic deterrence commitment to its prospective ally. On the other hand, when the disputants' actions are clearly observable to the third party, then, all else being equal, the third party will design a commitment conditional on the disputants’ actions leading to war. The particular cases presented here were selected because they have several features in common, making it possible to hold some factors constant while comparing the observability of disputants’ actions and the third party's choice of commitment type across all cases. The examination of this historical evidence complements the quantitative tests in Chapters 4 and 6 in several ways. The first contribution of the case studies considered here is that they show the application of the theory to security commitments beyond formal military alliances. In this chapter, I compare Truman's 1950 policy to neutralize the Taiwan Strait, which was not announced as part of a formal military alliance, with three formal military alliances signed by the United States in East Asia between 1950 and 1954. On September 8, 1951, the United States and Japan signed a formal military alliance. The United States and the Republic of Korea (ROK) entered into a mutual defense treaty on October 1, 1953. Then, just a few months later, on December 2, 1954, the United States signed another defensive treaty with the Republic of China (ROC) government on Taiwan.
Optimization of MSW Treatment Scheme by Analytic Hierarchly Process in Jinan City

The subjects of the technology of Jinan MSW,thinking ecology and pay attention to the notion of circulatory economy of reduction innocuity and recyle,According to the characteristic of Jinan MSW,the four treatment schemes of MSW were compared.The scientific scheme was taken as target stratum.The stratified structure model was established.By the way of pairwise,the quantitative factors were handled to be normalization.A11 judging matrixes consistency checked to define the weight of norms stratum toward target stratum and scheme stratum toward norm stratum.The best scheme was selected by comprehensive assessment.The result showed that the scheme of inflammable matter incinerated and non-inflammable matter landfilled was the best scheme.
Benzene-derived N2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-deoxyguanosine adduct: UvrABC incision and its conformation in DNA

Benzene, a ubiquitous human carcinogen, forms DNA adducts through its metabolites such as p-benzoquinone (p-BQ) and hydroquinone (HQ). N(2)-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine (N(2)-4-HOPh-dG) is the principal adduct identified in vivo by (32)P-postlabeling in cells or animals treated with p-BQ or HQ. To study its effect on repair specificity and replication fidelity, we recently synthesized defined oligonucleotides containing a site-specific adduct using phosphoramidite chemistry. We here report the repair of this adduct by Escherichia coli UvrABC complex, which performs the initial damage recognition and incision steps in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. We first showed that the p-BQ-treated plasmid was efficiently cleaved by the complex, indicating the formation of DNA lesions that are substrates for NER. Using a 40-mer substrate, we found that UvrABC incises the DNA strand containing N(2)-4-HOPh-dG in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The specificity of such repair was also compared with that of DNA glycosylases and damage-specific endonucleases of E. coli, both of which were found to have no detectable activity toward N(2)-4-HOPh-dG. To understand why this adduct is specifically recognized and processed by UvrABC, molecular modeling studies were performed. Analysis of molecular dynamics trajectories showed that stable G:C-like hydrogen bonding patterns of all three Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds are present within the N(2)-4-HOPh-G:C base pair, with the hydroxyphenyl ring at an almost planar position. In addition, N(2)-4-HOPh-dG has a tendency to form more stable stacking interactions than a normal G in B-type DNA. These conformational properties may be critical in differential recognition of this adduct by specific repair enzymes.
Individual Differences in Middle School and College Students’ Texting

The present study surveyed a sample of middle school students on their technology habits, with a primary focus on texting behaviors. A secondary sample of college students was surveyed as a compari...
McArdle’s Disease

Muscle biopsy specimens from 48 patients with biochemically proven phosphorylase deficiency (McArdle’s disease) have been analyzed by gel electrophoreis (SCS-PAGE), immunoblotting, and immunotitration (ELISA) at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
Pengaruh Iklim Etika Organisasi Terhadap Job Performance : Peran Mediasi Berbagi Pengetahuan (The Influence of Organizational Ethical Climate on Job Performance: The Role of Knowledge Sharing As a Mediating Variable)

Indonesian Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh iklim etika organisasi yang terdiri dari kriteria persahabatan, kerjasama tim dan tanggungjawab sosial terhadap job performance serta peran mediasi berbagi pengetahuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Umum (SPBU) Pertamina milik swasta/perorangan yang berada di wilayah Yogyakarta yaitu sebanyak 35 buah SPBU dengan total responden sebanyak 157 responden. Analisis regresi berjenjang digunakan untuk menganalisis data dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian mendapati iklim etika persahabatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap berbagi pengetahuan dan job performance. Tanggungjawab sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap job perfomance. Manakala kerjasama tim tidak berpengaruh terhadap berbagi pengetahuan maupun job performance. Hasil penelitian tidak mendukung hipotesis berbagi pengetahuan dalam memediasi pengaruh antara iklim etika organisasi yang terdiri dari kriteria persahabatan, kerjasama tim dan tanggungjawab sosial terhadap job performance. English Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of organizational ethical climate criteria which are consist of friendship, teamwork and social responsibility on job performance. This study also propose the role of knowledge sharing as a mediating variable to identified the strength of the relationship among organizational ethical climate criteria on job performance. Research samples was collected in 35 privately-owned of General Fuel Filling Station (Pertamina Gas Station) in the Yogyakarta region with a total of 157 respondents. These data were tested empirically using Multiple Regression and Hierarchical Regression Analysis (HRA). The result found that friendship has a significant positive effect on knowledge sharing and job performance, whereas social responsibility has a positive and significant effect only on job performance. Meanwhile, the teamwork criteria does not have any influence to knowledge sharing and job performance. These findings indicate that the hypothesis of knowledge sharing as a mediating variable between organizational ethical climate such as friendship, teamwork and social responsibility on job performance were not supported.
CO2-emission assessment of the concrete added crushed PET bottles waste

PET-bottles generate a significant amount of waste disposal which may affect to people health and environment according to with UNEP report. The study of PET waste as a component in concrete may be the worth waste management approach for both plastic waste reduction and construction material development. The paper presents the compressive strength of specific samples by varying three levels of percentage 0%, 3% and 6% for crushed PET waste bottle waste added in concrete and propose CO 2 -emission assessment model of these mixes of concrete material. All test cube samples are 28 days curing aging. Accordingly, the test results were compared to conventional concrete and waste PET mixed concrete and checked by linear regression analysis to find the correlation between the compressive strength and the percentage of PET as well as the CO 2 emission quantity of concrete mixes. This study will be a helpful part to encourage sustainable development by PET bottle waste reduction and CO 2 emission reduction concept as well as the development guide of alternative concrete material.
The arcuate estrogen-regulated transcriptome: Estrogen response element-dependent and -independent signaling of ERα in female mice

To influence energy homeostasis and reproduction, 17β-estradiol (E2) controls the arcuate nucleus (ARC) through multiple receptor-mediated mechanisms, but primarily via estrogen receptor (ER) α, which signals through both estrogen response element (ERE)-dependent and -independent mechanisms. To determine ERα-mediated, ERE-dependent, and ERE-independent E2 signaling in the ARC, we examined the differential regulation of the mouse arcuate transcriptome by E2 using three mice genotypes: (1) wild-type, (2) ERα knock-in/knockout (ERE-independent mechanisms), and (3) total ERα knockout (ERα-independent mechanisms). Females were ovariectomized and injected with oil or E2, and RNA sequencing on the ARC was used to identify E2-regulated genes in each genotype. Our results show that E2 regulates numerous genes involved in cell signaling, cytoskeleton structure, inflammation, neurotransmission, neuropeptide production, and transcription. Furthermore, ERE-independent signaling regulates ARC genes expressed in kisspeptin neurons and transcription factors that control the hypothalamic/pituitary/gonadal axis. Interestingly, a few genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative respiration were regulated by E2 through ERα-independent signaling. A comparison within oil- and E2-treated females across the three genotypes suggests that genes involved in cell growth and proliferation, extracellular matrices, neuropeptides, receptors, and transcription are differentially expressed across the genotypes. Comparing with previously published chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis, we found that ERE-independent regulation in the ARC is mainly mediated by tethering of ERα, which is consistent with previous findings. We conclude that the mouse arcuate estrogen-regulated transcriptome is regulated by multiple receptor-mediated mechanisms to modulate the central control of energy homeostasis and reproduction, including novel E2-responsive pathways.
Important Distinctions and Vulnerabilities in Military Rape Culture: The Variability of the Experience of Sexual Trauma on Its Victims

This chapter will explore the distinctions and vulnerabilities that are often involved in the MST victimization but are rarely explored as unique issues in the trauma treatment literature and research. This chapter examines in detail various features of sexual assault during military service that include sexual identity, gender identity, pregnancy as a result, drug-facilitated sexual assaults, and stranger vs. acquaintance rapes. The chapter will attempt to highlight the incidence, unique treatment needs, and symptomology that are unique to each population. The chapter will conclude with a summary of future directions for research and exploration into the unique trauma conditions of service member sexual assaults.
Twentieth Colorado Mathematical Olympiad: April 18, 2003

In December 2002 I left my home in Colorado Springs to serve as a Long Term Visiting Scholar at The Center for Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science (DIMACS), a joint project of Princeton University, Rutgers University, and a few top research industrial labs), and as a Visiting Fellow at Princeton University’s Mathematics Department. It was a privilege to work in the historic Fine Hall of Princeton-Math, and to befriend senior legendary colleagues, such as Harold W. Kuhn (who nominated the “Beautiful Mind” John Nash for the 1994 Nobel Prize), Edward Nelson (creator of the chromatic number of the plane problem), John H. Conway, Yakov and Elena Sinai, Robert Gunning, the great historian of science Charles Coulston Gillispie, pre-Columbian and ancient art expert and collector Gillette Griffin (in his house, I got to hold inmy hands a torso byMichelangelo and drink wine out of fifth century BC ancient Greek cups). I gave talks at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton-Math, Rutgers-Math, Claude Shannon Laboratory of AT&T.
Medical Treatment of Cushing Disease: New Targets, New Hope

This article provides an update on current medical therapies for the treatment of Cushing disease. This information will be of value in determining patients' suitability for certain medical treatments. An approach of combining drugs from the same or different classes could potentially increase the number of patients in whom Cushing can be controlled while minimizing adverse effects, although larger studies are needed. Successful clinical management of patients with Cushing disease remains a challenge.
Reconstruction of Full-Length Isoforms from Splice Graphs

Most alternative splicing events in human and other eukaryotic genomes are detected using sequence fragments produced by high throughput genomic technologies, such as EST sequencing and oligonucleotide microarrays. Reconstructing full-length transcript isoforms from such sequence fragments is a major interest and challenge for computational analyses of pre-mRNA alternative splicing. This chapter describes a general graph-based approach for computational inference of full-length isoforms.
Anemia in the long-term care setting: routine screening and differential diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the epidemiology of anemia in the geriatric patient, to identify common diagnostic issues in this population, and to determine practical strategies for overcoming barriers to the recognition of anemia in older adults. DATA SOURCES Recent literature, epidemiological studies, and clinical practice guidelines related to the diagnosis and management of anemia in older adults. DATA EXTRACTION This clinical review includes data relevant to routine screening and the differential diagnosis of anemia in the long-term care setting. DATA SYNTHESIS Anemia is often unrecognized and untreated in the long-term care setting. The adverse effects of anemia (morbidity, mortality, and decreases in quality of life) on the geriatric population make its management a high priority. A proactive approach to screening and diagnosis is required in this setting. CONCLUSION Anemia is often unrecognized and under-diagnosed in the geriatric population, especially in the long-term care setting. Because anemia has been associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates and with decline in quality of life, strategies must be implemented for screening and treating geriatric patients for anemia.
Itching, chloroquine, and malaria: a review of recent molecular and neuroscience advances and their contribution to mechanistic understanding and therapeutics of chronic non‐histaminergic pruritus

Chloroquine (CQ) is an antimalarial drug that elicits severe pruritus in black Africans with malaria fever. This acute itching (2-7 days duration) exhibits age dependency and a racial and genetic predilection. CQ itch is non-histaminergic, which makes it both a good model and a tool to probe the mechanisms of chronic itch. This review focuses on recently discovered mechanisms, neuroscience, mediators, and receptors that are implicated in molecular studies of CQ pruritus. CQ pruritus mechanisms are also compared to that of itching following other systemic diseases, such as chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, skin disorders, and burns. There are striking similarities between CQ itching pathways and other chronic itch secondary to systemic disease with or without skin lesions, which have not been previously highlighted. Prominent among these are the shared roles of skin, neural and spinal μ opiate receptors, kappa opiate receptor, nitric oxide, serotonin via 5HT1B/D receptors, cytokines, especially interleukins, and tumor necrosis factor. There is elaborate "cross talk" among the diverse mediators and receptors involved in CQ-induced pruritus. CQ also binds to the mas-related G protein coupled receptors MrgprA3/MrgprX1 present in a small proportion (4-5%) of dorsal root ganglion neurons and skin. The mrgprA3 CQ receptors are coupled to PLC-β3 and a chloride channel to initiate skin itch action potentials in C nerve fibers. Mrgpra3/X1 couples to TRPA1 for calcium influx into neuronal cells at noncutaneous sites. Central CQ itch occurs via gastrin-related peptide (GRP) and its receptor (GRPR) in the dorsal spinothalamic tracts, as well as glutamic mediated GRP projection to parabrachial nucleus. The possibility of chronic itch therapy based on personalized medicine, genetics, and transcriptomics or the use of itch "polypill/polycream" are discussed.
Third-Party Harms, Congressional Statutes Accommodating Religion, and the Establishment Clause

Those disappointed with the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. (2014), are actively seeking ways to otherwise limit the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA). Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, dissenting in Hobby Lobby, wrote that when a statute seeks to accommodate a claimant’s religious beliefs or practices there must be no detrimental effect on third parties who do not share those beliefs. Although it is unclear whether Justice Ginsburg was relying on the Establishment Clause as imposing this categorical restraint on the authority of Congress, some commentators argue that her thinking necessarily rests on that clause. It is of some importance whether these commentators are correct about the rule of third-party harm being derived from the Establishment Clause. Although Justice Samuel Alito for the Court in Hobby Lobby squarely rejected the argument that third-party harms categorically defeat requests for accommodations under RFRA, he did not consider the Establishment Clause. Indeed, the Solicitor General did not argue it. So these commentators promoting the third-party harm rule are able to maintain that nothing in Hobby Lobby contradicts their reliance on the Establishment Clause. The commentators would, of course, like to have Justice Ginsburg on their side. In her recent concurrence in Holt v. Hobbs (2015), Justice Ginsburg reiterated her view that substantial third-party harms were a categorical limitation on statutory religious accommodations, but she did not clarify if her rule was derived from the Establishment Clause or was otherwise a limitation implicit in the statutory claim. Six times the Supreme Court has held that when a general regulation or tax imposes a burden on a religious observance, a legislature is free to “lift” that burden by providing an exemption. This is what Congress has done in adopting RFRA and the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA). The Supreme Court’s decision in Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc. (1985), is not to the contrary. The statute struck down in Caldor was a naked religious preference. Rather than relief from general legislation, the state took note of a dispute between two private parties caused by market forces and sought to resolve it by taking the side of the religious claimant. The statute in Caldor created a double wring, for it created an “unyielding” preference for a particular religious observance, Sabbath rest, and thereby completely disregarded the costs borne by others such as coworkers and the employer. RFRA and RLUIPA are not “unyielding” but operate in a manner that accounts for the circumstances of others. They require officials to engage in case-specific interest balancing with any costs falling on third parties weighed, along with other relevant considerations, before a determination is made whether to allow the religious accommodation. Accordingly, neither RFRA nor RLUIPA violate the Establishment Clause.
Gauge Specification in a Non-Abelian Gauge Theory

When Yang-Mills theory was invented a quarter of a century ago, the principle which guided its construction was local gauge invariance — the example of Maxwell theory was extended to non-Abelian symmetry. In the ensuing years that the model has heen studied, we have recognized the electromagnetic analogy to be inadequate; the non-Abelian gauge theory differs importantly from the Abelian one, for example, in the topological structure of the gauge fields. In this lecture I describe how also gauge specification in the non-Abelian theory works quite differently from Maxwell theory. Additionally, I present a particular gauge — the unconstrained temporal gauge — which seems especially appropriate for Yang-Mills theory.
Fake News and Journalistic “Rules of the Game”

The increase in social media use within African media fields has seen a concomitant increase in fears and concerns about “fake news” over the last few years. However, there is little empirical evid...
Development of the Occupational Performance Inventory of Sexuality and Intimacy (OPISI): Phase One

Date Presented 04/05/19 Primary Author and Speaker: Beth Ann Walker Additional Authors and Speakers: Kasey Otte, Kelsey Lemond, Tori Faulkner, Pamela Hess, Kandyse Kaiser, Davis Christy
Knowledge surveys: Students ability to self-assess

Active learning theory indicates the importance of helping students take control of their learning, monitor their understanding, and assess learning strategies. Knowledge surveys are intended to improve a student's ability to self- assess and cover the content and the full range of cognitive levels of a course. We explore an interdisciplinary data set of knowledge surveys and exams, asking whether student's ability to self-assess differs at different cognitive (Bloom) levels. Although self assessment accuracy was strongly related to the Bloom level of exam questions, this dependence was not simple. Students had the most difficulty self-assessing at intermediate Bloom levels.
96 – Yersinia pestis

Publisher Summary Bubonic plague caused by Yersinia pestis ranks as the most severe bacterial disease known to humanity. In the mouse, this bleak process consists of an initial invasive stage characterized by the colonization of the host viscera from the dermal sites of infection caused by fleabite. Thereafter, the organisms undergo bulk vegetative growth in liver and spleen before spilling into the vascular system, where they may again be ingested by fleas before the now imminent death of the host. A similar course occurs in humans, except that lymphadenopathy is more severe, as judged by the formation of buboes in regional lymph nodes that drain the vicinity of the infected fleabite. Yersinia pestis has three remarkable attributes: it causes the most severe of all human bacterial infections, survival and multiplication of the plague bacillus within the host and vector are largely mediated by three plasmids and at least one chromosomal high-pathogenicity island, and the emergence of Y. pestis has occurred in recent geological times and its evolution may still be in progress. This chapter integrates these three features and defines the molecular mechanisms that enable Y. pestis to promote uncompromisingly acute disease. Two additional Yersinia species pathogenic to humans provide an excellent foil for identifying the unique determinants of acute disease utilized by plague bacilli.
Biologics regulation, second-to-market competition, and the use of blockchain technology: an opportunity for the FDA to support responsible biotechnology innovation

Over the next decade, the commercial opportunities for biotechnology innovation in the United States (U.S.) are unprecedented. The biopharmaceutical industry has shifted its emphasis over the last ...
Litigation risks despite guideline adherence for acute spinal cord injury: time is spine

Objective Current guidelines do not specify timing for management of acute spinal cord injury (aSCI) due to lack of high-quality evidence supporting specific intervals for intervention. Randomized prospective trials may be unethical. Nonetheless, physicians have been sued for delays in diagnosis and intervention. Methods The authors reviewed both the medical literature supporting the guidelines and the legal cases reported in the Westlaw and Lexis Advance databases from 1972 to 2018 resulting in awards or settlements, to identify whether surgeons are vulnerable to litigation despite the existence of guidelines not mandating specific timing of care. Results Timing of intervention was related to claims in 59 (36%) of 163 cases involving SCI. All 22 trauma cases identified cited timing of intervention, sometimes related to delayed diagnosis, as a reason for the lawsuit. The mean award of 10 cases in which the plaintiffs' awards were disclosed was $4,294,384. In the majority of cases, award amounts were not disclosed. Conclusions Because conduct of a prospective, randomized trial to investigate surgical timing of intervention for aSCI may not be achievable, evidence-based guidelines will be unlikely to mandate specific timing. Nonetheless, surgeons who unreasonably delay intervention for aSCI may be at risk for litigation due to treatment delay. This is increasingly likely in an environment where "complete" SCI is difficult to verify. SCI may at some point be recognized as a surgical emergency, as brain injury generally is, despite a lack of prospective randomized trials supporting this implementation, challenging the feasibility of the US trauma infrastructure to provide care for these patients.