cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Position reversal training in the virginia opossum: Evidence for the acquisition of a learning set

Abstract To obtain an estimate of the learning ability of opossums, five tame ones were trained on a series of position reversals to a criterion. With 4 trials per day there was no consistent improvement over a series of 15 reversals. When each daily session was increased to as many trials as needed to reach criterion, errors dropped sharply, indicating the formation of a position learning set. Upon return to 4 trials per day, 3 of 4 animals continued to perform with few errors, showing transfer of learning set. Opossums do more poorly than rats on this task, which is in agreement with the relative phyletic level of the two species.
The Effect of NICU Sounds on Growth in Healthy Avian Neonates 1562

Weight gain is a robust clinical indicator of well being for infants and children. Head circumference is an indirect measure of brain weight and predicts developmental competence. Food intake is also used as an indicator but is not as reliable.
Prostate-specific antigen decline after casodex withdrawal: Evidence for an antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome

Abstract Objective. To evaluate the relationship between antiandrogen withdrawal and change in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) when the antiandrogen in question is other than flutamide. Methods. Presented is a case of a patient in whom the antiandrogen casodex was discontinued after clinical progression despite combined androgen blockade. Results. A transient decline in serum PSA was observed after casodex withdrawal. Conclusions. The relationship between antiandrogen withdrawal and a change in PSA may be a general phenomenon, not unique to flutamide.
Mapping pocosins and associated wetlands in North Carolina

This paper describes the cooperative wetland inventory program of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, especially as it was conducted in the pocosin region of eastern North Carolina. Wetland maps (1∶24,000 scale) were prepared by conventional interpretation of high altitude color infrared photography in conjunction with extensive ground-truth collection. The wetland maps were digitized in order to make automated analyses possible. As an example of how wetland inventory data might be used, we summarize a study in which we compared the extent of pocosin wetlands to hydric soils in two counties in eastern North Carolina. Our comparison revealed that in Washington and Tyrrell Counties where over 90 percent of land surface was classified as hydric soil, only 45 percent of the area is wetlands. Of the remaining wetlands, 15 percent were classified as partially drained wetlands, and approximately 58 percent of the partially drained wetlands were pocosin wetlands. The implication is that these counties have experienced large wetland losses and that pocosin wetlands have been particularly susceptible to conversions.
Polyesters from 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid and 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietanol

The polyester of 12-hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid was prepared by the selfcondensation of the hydroxy acid (I) and from its methyl ester (II). The condensation reaction was studied and different catalysts investigated. The inherent viscosity of the polymers were measured and their DTA diagrams taken. A polyurethane as well as different polyesters of the diol (III) with methylene di-p-phenyl diisocyanate, terephthalic, adipic, suberic, and sebacic acids were synthesized. Mixed polyesters and polyamide ester were also prepared. The properties of the above described polymers were investigated and their behavior on DTA reported.
100 GHz dynamic frequency divider in SiGe bipolar technology

A 100 GHz dynamic frequency divider and a 62 GHz static frequency divider are presented, both using a -3.8 V supply and designed in IBM's 0.12 /spl mu/m SiGe technology with f/sub T/ of 207 GHz and f/sub MAX/ of 285 GHz. Static divider performance is compared to three other static dividers designed in IBM's 0.18 /spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS technology.
Prevalence and Development of Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence

Results: Although 3-month prevalence of any disorder averaged 13.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.7%15.0%), during the study period 36.7% of participants (31% of girls and 42% of boys) had at least 1 psychiatric disorder. Some disorders (social anxiety, panic, depression, and substance abuse) increased in prevalence, whereas others, including separation anxiety disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), decreased. Lagged analyses showed that children with a history of psychiatric disorder were 3 times more likely than those with no previous disorder to have a diagnosis at any subsequent wave (odds ratio, 3.7; 95% CI, 2.94.9; P.001). Risk from a previous diagnosis was high among both girls and boys, but it was significantly higher among girls. Continuity of the same disorder (homotypic) was significant for all disorders except specific phobias. Continuity from one diagnosis to another (heterotypic) was significant from depression to anxiety and anxiety to depression, from ADHD to oppositional defiant disorder, and from anxiety and conduct disorder to substance abuse. Almost all the heterotypic continuity was seen in girls. Conclusions: The risk of having at least 1 psychiatric disorder by age 16 years is much higher than point estimates would suggest. Concurrent comorbidity and homotypic and heterotypic continuity are more marked in girls than in boys.
Magnetics in the Modern Curriculum

Today's electrical engineering curriculum has not in general kept pace with the increasing use of magnetic devices to solve engineering problems. Increasing emphasis on the analysis of problems peculiar to magnetic engineering serves to better prepare the student to find solutions in magnetics to his engineering problems. Such emphasis also broadens the student's analytical background through the posing of types of problems not found in other parts of the curriculum.
Homologies Between Perineuronal Serotonin Fiber Systems in RhodniusProlixus and in ManducaSexta: Evidence for Neurohemal Organs for Serotonin Release

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter present in a broad distribution of metazoans. In insects, serotonin-containing fibers project throughout the central nervous system, toward peripheral targets, and into neurohemal (endocrine) organs (NHO) (Flanagan and Berlind, 1984; Orchard et al., 1986). The presence of serotonin within an NHO could mean the transmitter is released in a paracrine manner regulating neurosecretion and/or that it is released into the hemolymph as a neurohormone. In this report, we review evidence which demonstrates serotonin is released from fibers in an NHO of Rhodnius prolixus, and present evidence for the existence of a serotonergic NHO in Manduca sexta.
Preventing Sodium Poisoning of Photocatalytic TiO2 Films on Glass by Metal Doping

Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) has received much attention as a photocatalyst, specifically in applications that require a mechanically robust thin film. TiO 2 is particularly useful because it does not absorb visible light, making it well suited for coatings on glass. Photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 films is strongly dependent on the substrate and it has been well established that sodium diffusion from glass has a negative effect on this activity. While the prevention of sodium poisoning is possible through the use of a precoating, this requires an additional coating and/or calcination step. Other remedies, such as acid treatment of the glass surface, are also time consuming. Therefore, it is a more attractive option to negate the effects of sodium diffusion without a separate processing step. In this paper, we examined the effects of silver, cobalt, copper, gallium, molybdenum, and tantalum doping on the prevention of sodium poisoning of sol-gel TiO 2 films by comparing the photocatalytic activities on glass and SiO 2 precoated glass. While sodium poisoning degraded the photocatalytic activity of undoped TiO 2 films by 70%, it was only 10% for Mo- and Ta-doped TiO 2 films. Molybdenum was superior to other dopants in terms of photocatalytic activity, both in the presence of sodium and in a sodium-free environment.
Polylactide. II. Viscosity–molecular weight relationships and unperturbed chain dimensions

Mark–Houwink equations for benzene and chloroform solutions of S-polylactide and racemic polylactide were established by end-group analysis of partly hydrolyzed polymers. Unperturbed chain dimensions calculated for both polymers reveal a considerable difference and suggest a helical conformation for S-polylactide in solution. This finding supports 1H-NMR observations that reveal chemical shift differences that appear when the same configurational sequence is present in two stable conformational states.
Total recall: a debugging framework for GPUs

GPUs have transformed from simple fixed-function processors to powerful, programmable stream processors and are continuing to evolve. Programming these massively parallel GPUs, however, is very different from programming a sequential CPU. Lack of native support for debugging coupled with the parallelism in the GPU makes program development for the GPU a non-trivial task. As GPU programs grow in complexity because of scaling in maximum allowed program size and increased demand in terms of realism, debugging GPU code is becoming a major timesink for content developers. In addition to more complex shaders, applications are using multi-pass effects in order to create more convincing reality. In this paper, we present a debugging framework that can be employed to debug complex code running on the GPU in an efficient manner. By observing the API calls of the application that are made to the 3D runtime, the framework can keep track of the program's state in memory. Upon the programmer's request, it is able to capture and deterministically replay the stream of instructions that caused the final write to a pixel of interest. This execution stream includes writes to intermediate render targets and spans across shader boundaries. The stream of instructions can then be replayed on the CPU via emulation and the programmer can debug the straight-line code with ease. We also present a hardware-friendly scheme that can be used to accelerate the debugging process for long-chain multi-pass effects.
No Representations without Rules: The Prospects for a Compromise Between Paradigms in Cognitive Science

L'A. expose et critique la tentative de compromis realisee par Hogan et Tienson entre la conception classique de la cognition, qui voit le cerveau comme une machine decodant des symboles selon des regles precises et ses opposants qui rappellent l'irreductibilite de la pensee a une intelligence artificielle: peut-il y avoir une representation mentale sans supposer des regles?
Siblings in Old Age: Something Special

This paper reports the findings of a qualitative examination of sibling relationships in old age. Interviews with sixty people over the age of sixty-five revealed that interactions with sisters and brothers took on new meaning in late life. A shared history of lifetime experiences made the sibling relationship unique in social networks in old age. Those who had positive relationships with siblings found that interactions decreased feelings of loneliness, provided emotional support and validation of earlier life experiences, and built feelings of closeness and sibling solidarity. Even those who had negative sibling relationships indicated a shift in feelings. The intensity of feeling about siblings in old age suggests that further study of the later-life sibling bond might increase understanding of ways in which the social and emotional needs of older people can be met. Interviews provided an effective method for gathering rich data about these complex social and emotional interactions.
Association of education level with dialysis outcome

The impact of education on health care outcome has been studied in the past, but its role in the dialysis population is unclear. In this report, we evaluated this association. We used the United States Renal Data System data of end-stage renal disease patients aged 18 years. Education level at the time of end-stage renal disease onset was the primary variable of interest. The outcome of the study was patient mortality. We used four categories of education level: 0 = less than 12 years of education; 1 = high school graduate; 2 = some college; 3 = college graduate. Subgroups based on age, race, sex, donor type, and diabetic status were also analyzed. After adjustments for covariates in the Cox model, using individuals with less than 12 years of education as a reference, patients with college education showed decreased mortality with hazard ratio of 0.81 (95% confidence interval 0.69–0.95), P = 0.010. In conclusion, we showed that higher education level is associated with improved survival of patients on dialysis.
SNAP trait profiles as valid indicators of personality pathology in a non-clinical sample

This study investigated whether profiles of traits included in the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP; Clark, 1993) model of personality were valid indicators of different personality pathologies in a non-clinical sample. We obtained self-reports of SNAP traits for 117 university students and self- and informant-reports of normal personality traits. SNAP trait profiles representing Borderline, Schizotypal, Avoidant, and Obsessive–Compulsive personality characteristics predictably related to normal traits that are considered most relevant to each respective personality pathology. Exploratory analyses showed that relationships among normal traits differed across groups of individuals with different levels of personality pathology. These findings suggest that SNAP profile scales have validity for representing specific personality pathologies on a continuum, and that the configuration of normal traits may be relevant to personality pathology.
A Logarithmic Speed-Difficulty Trade-off in Speech Production

We explored the relations between task difficulty and speech time in picture description tasks. Six native speakers of Mandarin Chinese (CH group) and six native speakers or Indo-European languages (IE group) produced quick and accurate verbal descriptions of pictures in a self-paced manner. The pictures always involved two objects, a plate and one of the three objects (a stick, a fork, or a knife) located and oriented differently with respect to the plate in different trials. An index of difficulty was assigned to each picture. CH group showed lower reaction time and much lower speech time. Speech time scaled linearly with the log-transformed index of difficulty in all subjects. The results suggest generality of Fitts’ law for movement and speech tasks, and possibly for other cognitive tasks as well. The differences between the CH and IE groups may be due to specific task features, differences in the grammatical rules of CH and IE languages, and possible use of tone for information transmission.
Teaching Modules on Modeling and Control of Piezoactuators for System Dynamics, Controls, and Mechatronics Courses

Piezoelectric actuators (or piezoactuators) are known for their nanoresolution and high-speed positioning capabilities. Therefore, they are used in scanning probe microscopes and in the design of innovative surgical tools and biomedical devices. The expected growth of engineering jobs in the nano- and bio-related fields, in which piezoactuators will play a significant role, motivated the development of a suite of teaching modules (lecture and laboratory materials) for the undergraduate mechanical engineering (ME) curriculum that focus on modeling and precision control of piezoactuators. Four laboratory exercises were designed to provide students with hands-on experience in data acquisition, sensors, and controller implementation. The developed modules were implemented in three undergraduate courses. The hypothesis being tested is that students who interact with these modules will gain a better understanding of piezoactuators and their application in nanotechnology and biotechnology. Through linked pre- to post-module comparisons, it is shown that students did, in fact, experience a positive change in their knowledge and understanding of the material.
An oligopeptide permeates intestinal tight junctions at glucose-elicited dilatations. Implications for oligopeptide absorption.

Turnover of the Na + -glucose cotransporter in the apical membrane of intestinal absorptive cells elicits alterations in tight-junction structure including the appearance of intrajunctional dilatations. Paralleling these structural responses, epithelial permeability to ions and nutrient-sized solutes increases. However, it is not known how these observed permeability changes specifically relate to the structural alterations elicited by glucose. Using a hemeconjugated peptide tracer (MP-11; mol wt, ≈ 1900), the present study shows that the glucose-elicited tight-junction dilatations are specific anatomical sites of junctional permeation. This peptide tracer penetrates tight junctions selectively at sites of dilatations and is detected focally within the paracellular space. This same tracer does not penetrate junctions when glucose is not present. A hemeconjugated macromolecule (horseradish peroxidase; mol wt, ≈ 40,000) is excluded by both glucose-exposed and glucose-unexposed tissues. The results of this study show a paracellular pathway for small peptides that is regulated during Na + —glucose-activated absorption. It is speculated that the paracellular pathway may contribute to the meal-related oligopeptide absorption that is known to occur and has previously been wholly attributed to the transcellular route.
Relationship of service members' deployment trauma, PTSD symptoms, and experiential avoidance to postdeployment family reengagement

This research examined whether military service members' deployment-related trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and experiential avoidance are associated with their observed levels of positive social engagement, social withdrawal, reactivity-coercion, and distress avoidance during postdeployment family interaction. Self reports of deployment related trauma, postdeployment PTSD symptoms, and experiential avoidance were collected from 184 men who were deployed to the Middle East conflicts, were partnered, and had a child between 4 and 13 years of age. Video samples of parent-child and partner problem solving and conversations about deployment issues were collected, and were rated by trained observers to assess service members' positive engagement, social withdrawal, reactivity-coercion, and distress avoidance, as well as spouse and child negative affect and behavior. Service members' experiential avoidance was reliably associated with less observed positive engagement and more observed withdrawal and distress avoidance after controlling for spouse and child negative affect and behavior during ongoing interaction. Service members' experiential avoidance also diminished significant associations between service members' PTSD symptoms and their observed behavior. The results are discussed in terms of how service members' psychological acceptance promotes family resilience and adaption to the multiple contextual challenges and role transitions associated with military deployment. Implications for parenting and marital interventions are described.
Diversity among Police Officers as Represented in Non-fiction Children’s Literature

Gender/racial stereotyping and gender/racial bias in children's books have been the subjects of many research investigations over time. Hughes and Seta (2003) suggested stereotypes negatively impact how children perceive their educational, occupational, and social role options in life. Policing, a predominately white male occupation, was the targeted occupation to explore. This investigation examined the diversity of police officers as represented in 18 nonfiction children's books about policing. A content analysis was conducted on current picture books about policing and police officers. This investigation followed Charles' (1998) eight steps for content analysis and modified methodologies suggested by Martinez and Harmon (2012). Each book was analyzed quantitatively to examine the number of pictures of officers by gender and by race. Conclusions and implications were drawn from the results obtained.
Plant-process model corn yield forecasts for Iowa

The objective was to develop a plant-process corn yield forecasting model and examine how effective these forecasts might be in improving corn yield forecasts made at the state and crop reporting district level in Iowa. This study was conducted in light of recent budget cuts by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and elimination of the reporting of district corn yield forecasts in Iowa;Results indicated that district and state plant-process model (PPM) corn yield forecasts perform well compared to NASS forecasts in August and September but not very well in October and November. Also, the PPM forecasts did not perform well in the southern districts of Iowa. The PPM does not appear to be a comparable substitute for past NASS district corn yield forecasts;Combining PPM and NASS forecasts gives composite yield forecasts that are superior to both PPM and NASS forecasts, especially for the August forecast. At this stage in development, therefore, the usefulness of PPM forecasts would come from supplementing NASS sample yield information.
Quality of Warfarin Management in Anticoagulation Clinics in the U.S.

While studies have reported clinical and adverse outcomes of individual anticoagulation clinics (ACC), collective data from ACC has not been reported. The objective of the study was to assess efficacy, safety, monitoring, and resource utilization outcomes associated with warfarin therapy in US ACC. We conducted a postal survey among the members of the Anticoagulation Forum (AF) in January 2006. The response rate was 27.9% (146 of 524 clinics); respondents were spread across 36 states in the US and together were representative of a base of 94,177 patients (pts). The majority of respondents were pharmacists (61%, 89 of 146) affiliated with hospitals (62.3%, 91 of 146). Atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolisms were the 2 most common indications for anticoagulation therapy. The median time devoted to a new and follow-up visit was 30 and 15 minutes respectively. The median number of visits required for dose adjustment for warfarin naive and established pts were 4 and 1.5 respectively per patient per month. The median % of pts having difficulty in attaining therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) in the first 4–6 weeks of therapy was 10, as was the % of pts whose INR was poorly controlled (in range
Response of Patients with Aggressive Non Hodgkin's Gastro Intestinal Tract Lymphoma to Upfront Rituximab Based Chemotherapy: A Single Institution Experience.

Abstract Abstract 4791 Background Response and factors affecting response in patients with aggressive Non Hodgkin's Gastro Intestinal (GI) tract lymphoma to upfront Rituximab based chemotherapy is not well characterized. Methods 41 consecutive pts diagnosed and treated with GI tract lymphoma in 2002 to 2009 were studied as a retrospective cohort for clinical presentation, prognostic characteristics and long term survival. Prognostic characteristics and survival was analyzed using logistic regression and Cox Proportional Hazards model. Multiple imputation methods were used for missing data. Results 41 pts, median age at presentation was 58 yr (28-80). 10 (24.4%) were African Americans, 22 (51.2%) were Hispanics and 10 (24.4%) were Caucasians. 35 (85.4%) had gastric lymphoma and 6 (14.6%) had intestinal lymphoma. 33 pts had aggressive NHL. 31 had Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, 2 Mantel cell lymphoma and 1 Burkitt's lymphoma. 6 (17.6%) presented with stage IE, 4 (11.8) stage II1, 6(17.6%) Stage II2, 7(20.6%) Stage IIE, and 10 (29.4%) Stage IV. 28(82.3%) pts were diagnosed by endoscope. 5 (14.7%) pts underwent surgery as they presented with obstruction or bleeding, none underwent curative resection. All pts received Rituximab based chemotherapy upfront. 29 received CHOPR, 2 CVPR and 2 Hyper CVAD R. Mean follow up was 23.7 months. 22 (64.8%) pts had a complete response, 6 (17.6%) partial response and 6 (17.6%) had progressive disease. 11 pts relapsed. The median disease free survival (DFS) was 13 months (1-105). Age was the sole significant prognostic factor that influenced DFS OR 1.047 CI 1.003-1.094). Age (OR 1.164 CI 1.045-1.296), stage (OR 1.743 CI 1.053-2.888) and performance status (OR 2.703 CI 1.030-7.097) were factors which significantly affect survival. Survival function was 100%, 55.6% and 58.3% for low, intermediate and high risk group of stage modified IPI for gastric lymphoma. 100%, 70% 58.3% for low intermediate and high risk group as per the revised IPI but survival functions are not significant. 12 (35.3%) of pts tolerated chemotherapy with no grade 3 or 4 adverse events. 13 (38%) had g 3or 4 hematological toxicity. 5 (15%) had surgery post chemotherapy. 2 (6%) has GI perforation and 3 (9%) developed GI bleeding post chemotherapy. Surgical complications occurred after the 1st cycle of chemotherapy. Conclusion Aggressive Non Hodgkins GI lymphoma can be effectively treated with Rituximab based chemotherapy as upfront therapy with a response rate of 83%. Age, stage and performance status significantly effect survival. R IPI may need to be revised to predict survival in gastric lymphoma. 15% treated with chemotherapy upfront may need surgery for complications. Perforation rate was about 3% and most surgical complications occur after 1st cycle of chemotherapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
How well does a part represent the whole? A comparison of cranidial shape evolution with exoskeletal character evolution in the trilobite family Pterocephaliidae

For taphonomic and practical reasons, our understanding of morphological evolution within and among species is based primarily on measurements taken from one or a few morphological traits. However, patterns can be highly dependent on trait choice, making it difficult to draw conclusions about evolution of species or clades as a whole. In this paper, I test whether patterns of evolutionary change in the shape of a part are coincident with patterns of evolutionary change based on a more comprehensive description of the organism. The former is based on geometric morphometrics of the trilobite cranidium and the latter on discrete character data describing the exoskeleton, collected from species belonging to the Cambrian family Pterocephaliidae. Using these two datasets, I compare the amount of change occurring along phylogenetic branches, as well as changes in morphospace occupation and changes in different measures of disparity. Unlike previous studies, I apply as similar a data treatment as possible to each data set in order to facilitate the comparison and interpretation of discrepancies. Results suggest that cranidial shape is a robust proxy for species-level disparity and rates of evolution in this family of trilobites. This indicates that studies that have relied on data collected from the cranidium may be representative of the patterns that would be detected if more comprehensive description of the specimens had been available.
Obesity as a risk factor for developing functional limitation among older adults: A conditional inference tree analysis.

Objective To examine the risk factors of developing functional decline and make probabilistic predictions by using a tree-based method that allows higher order polynomials and interactions of the risk factors. Methods The conditional inference tree analysis, a data mining approach, was used to construct a risk stratification algorithm for developing functional limitation based on BMI and other potential risk factors for disability in 1,951 older adults without functional limitations at baseline (baseline age 73.1 ± 4.2 y). We also analyzed the data with multivariate stepwise logistic regression and compared the two approaches (e.g., cross-validation). Over a mean of 9.2 ± 1.7 years of follow-up, 221 individuals developed functional limitation. Results Higher BMI, age, and comorbidity were consistently identified as significant risk factors for functional decline using both methods. Based on these factors, individuals were stratified into four risk groups via the conditional inference tree analysis. Compared to the low-risk group, all other groups had a significantly higher risk of developing functional limitation. The odds ratio comparing two extreme categories was 9.09 (95% confidence interval: 4.68, 17.6). Conclusions Higher BMI, age, and comorbid disease were consistently identified as significant risk factors for functional decline among older individuals across all approaches and analyses.
Doing More in Less Time: How Multitasking Increases Creativity

In this paper, I examine the positive outcome of multitasking on subsequent creative tasks. I propose that multitasking behavior induces a higher level of arousal, which in turn, positively influen...
Magnon thermal Hall effect in kagome antiferromagnets with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions

We theoretically study magnetic and topological properties of antiferromagnetic kagome spin systems in the presence of both in- and out-of-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. In materials such as the iron jarosites, the in-plane interactions stabilize a canted noncollinear ``umbrella'' magnetic configuration with finite scalar spin chirality. We derive expressions for the canting angle and use the resulting order as a starting point for a spin-wave analysis. We find topological magnon bands, characterized by nonzero Chern numbers. We calculate the magnon thermal Hall conductivity and propose the iron jarosites as a promising candidate system for observing the magnon thermal Hall effect in a noncollinear spin configuration. We also show that the thermal conductivity can be tuned by varying an applied magnetic field or the in-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya strength. In contrast to previous studies of topological magnon bands, the effect is found to be large even in the limit of small canting.
Working Beyond the Bell: School Counselors and Workaholism Tendencies

The purpose of this study is to explore workaholism tendencies and their relationship to the Big Five personality traits and life satisfaction within a school counselor population. Results indicate...
From the Infinitesimal to the Infinite: Rolando Briseño’s Celestial Tablescapes

Rolando Briseno’s paintings, photographic constructions, and public art installations disallow distinction between cultural critique and the mysteries of nature. He juxtaposes desire as a generator of individual and cultural motivations with frameworks that generate quantum activity, plant and animal reproduction, and cosmic energy. Briseno incorporates imagery of foodstuffs and pigment from actual culinary spices in order to present the rituals of commercially produced food and the shared meal relative to the consequences of centuries of global trade. The pleasures of meals extend from enjoying the fruits of the natural landscape to discussion of the cultural politics of Chicano identity. With reference to scientific knowledge and ancient and modern history, Briseno’s series Celestial Tablescapes (2007) examines interactions in present circumstances, explores their complex historical origins, and suggests their unknown future potential. This essay considers the work of Marcel Merleau-Ponty and Michel Foucault relative to Briseno’s cultural work.
Illustrated Encyclopedia of Applied and Engineering Physics, Three-Volume Set

This resource provides a single, concise reference containing terms and expressions used in the study, practice, and application of physical sciences. The reader will be able to identify quickly critical information about professional jargon, important people, and events. The encyclopedia gives self-contained definitions with essentials regarding the meaning of technical terms and their usage, as well as about important people within various fields of physics and engineering, with highlights of technical and practical aspects related to cross-functional integration. It will be indispensable for anyone working on applications in biomedicine, materials science, chemical engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, geology, astronomy, and energy. It also includes handy tables and chronological timelines organized by subject area and giving an overview on the historical development of ideas and discovery.
An Institutional Coordinated Plan for Effective Partnerships to Achieve Health Equity and Biomedical Workforce Diversity

The rapid growth and accumulation of specialized knowledge in today's biomedical fields, combined with entrenched and emerging health issues that persist among certain groups within the US population, emphasizes the significant need to diversify the nation's biomedical science workforce. The under-representation of minorities in science results in inadequate scientific input from divergent social or cultural perspectives and detracts from our nation's ability to resolve health disparities. The University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth has developed a coordinated approach with local, regional, and national partners to increase participation of underrepresented students along the career pathway from K-12 to faculty level. Career stage specific activities that include research, mentoring, networking, career development, grantsmanship and health disparities curriculum are provided for participants. Successful outcomes from our coordinated plan includes an increase in participant self-efficacy, research presentation awards, increase in grant awards and publications, and career advancement. Through partnerships within our institution, local school districts, and minority serving institutions nationwide, our coordinated plan provides mutually beneficial co-learning experiences to increase the number of under-represented individuals entering translational research focused on increasing the biomedical research workforce diversity and achieving health equity.
Abstract P210: Long-Term Outcomes After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infraction After Reducing Fibrinolytic Use in a Rural Cohort

Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) guidelines recommend lytic therapy if unable to receive primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) within 120 min. from first medical c...
Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect in sequential bremsstrahlung: From large-N QCD to N =3 via the SU (N ) analog of Wigner 6 -j symbols

Consider a high-energy parton showering as it traverses a QCD medium such as a quark-gluon plasma. Interference effects between successive splittings in the shower are potentially very important but have so far been calculated (even in idealized theoretical situations) only in soft emission or large-${N}_{\mathrm{c}}$ limits, where ${N}_{\mathrm{c}}$ is the number of quark colors. In this paper, we show how one may remove the assumption of large ${N}_{\mathrm{c}}$ and so begin investigation of ${N}_{\mathrm{c}}=3$ without soft-emission approximations. Treating finite ${N}_{\mathrm{c}}$ requires (i) classifying different ways that four gluons can form a color singlet and (ii) calculating medium-induced transitions between those singlets, for which we find application of results for the generalization of Wigner $6\text{\ensuremath{-}}j$ symbols from angular momentum to $\mathrm{SU}({N}_{\mathrm{c}})$. Throughout, we make use of the multiple scattering ($\stackrel{^}{q}$) approximation for high-energy partons crossing quark-gluon plasmas, and we find that this approximation is self-consistent only if the transverse-momentum diffusion parameter $\stackrel{^}{q}$ for different color representations satisfies Casimir scaling (even for strongly coupled, and not just weakly coupled, quark-gluon plasmas). We also find that results for ${N}_{\mathrm{c}}=3$ depend, mathematically, on being able to calculate the propagator for a coupled nonrelativistic quantum harmonic oscillator problem in which the spring constants are operators acting on a five-dimensional Hilbert space of internal color states. Those spring constants are represented by constant $5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}5$ matrices, which we explicitly construct. We are unaware of any closed form solution for this type of harmonic oscillator problem, and we discuss prospects for using numerical evaluation.
Evaluating alternative policies for managing an Alaska pollock fishery with climate change

Abstract A previous study finds that the average percentage reduction in pollock catch from rising sea surface temperatures (SSTs), which is calculated based on simulated climate scenarios, is about 29% over a 42-year period (2009–2050). In the present study, we evaluate the seven alternative strategies in the previous study from an economic perspective. To do so, we couple alternative harvest policy simulations using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model for Alaska to assess the regional economic effects of rising SST and to compare the impacts from the alternative policies in terms of regional output, economic welfare, and real gross regional product. We find that the status quo policy performs less well than the alternatives. The policy allowing harvests to be less constrained performs worse. Overall, more conservative policies perform the best from an economic impact perspective. This result is contrasted with the finding in the previous study that the policy that makes downward adjustment to the fishing mortality as the stock size nears the target size performs best from a biological perspective.
Introduction: Confronting Capitalism—Lessons from Marx’s Capital

The analysis of capitalist relations that Marx articulated in 1867 remains relevant today in the early decades of the twenty-first century. Using a methodology defined by abstraction, dialectics, and a historicist approach, he was able to highlight the inherent tendencies and internal contradictions of capitalism as a system of production, distribution, and consumption that underlies the modern social, cultural, and political fabric of social life. The necessity of confronting today the crises that have arisen from a now global capitalist political economy means that Marx’s insights are no less important today than they were when he was writing. At the same time, changes that have occurred within the capitalist system over the course of the past 150 years have prompted a rethinking of some basic elements of Marx’s original formulations. Each of the contributions to this volume point to the continued relevance of the insights Marx offered in the three volumes of Capital.
Primary Immunodeficiencies and Cytokine Storm Syndromes

Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a diverse and growing category of more than 300 chronic disorders that share a susceptibility to infections. Whether the result of a genetic lesion that causes defective granule-dependent cytotoxicity, excessive lymphoproliferation, or an overwhelming infection representing a unique antigenic challenge, PIDs can display a proclivity for cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) development. This chapter provides an overview of CSS pathophysiology as it relates to PIDs. For each PID, we review the immunologic defect and how it promotes or discourages CSS phenomena. We highlight PID-associated molecular defects in pathways that are postulated to be critical to CSS physiology (i.e., toll-like receptors, T regulatory cells, the IL-12/IFNγ axis, IL-6) and whenever possible, review strategies for treating CSS in PID patients with molecularly directed therapies.
Isolation in the midst of a pandemic: social work students rapidly respond to community and field work needs

In the midst of a pandemic, many social work students are currently displaced from their field education, while the needs of their communities are exacerbated. Due to stay-at-home orders, the risk ...
Halide perovskite nanocrystal arrays: Multiplexed synthesis and size-dependent emission

Halide perovskites have exceptional optoelectronic properties, but a poor understanding of the relationship between crystal dimensions, composition, and properties limits their use in integrated devices. We report a new multiplexed cantilever-free scanning probe method for synthesizing compositionally diverse and size-controlled halide perovskite nanocrystals spanning square centimeter areas. Single-particle photoluminescence studies reveal multiple independent emission modes due to defect-defined band edges with relative intensities that depend on crystal size at a fixed composition. Smaller particles, but ones with dimensions that exceed the quantum confinement regime, exhibit blue-shifted emission due to reabsorption of higher-energy modes. Six different halide perovskites have been synthesized, including a layered Ruddlesden-Popper phase, and the method has been used to prepare functional solar cells based on single nanocrystals. The ability to pattern arrays of multicolor light-emitting nanocrystals opens avenues toward the development of optoelectronic devices, including optical displays.
Causal effects of affordance change on communication behavior: Empirical evidence from organizational and leadership social media use

Abstract This article provides empirical evidence for two hypotheses in the affordance literature. First, by leveraging a small affordance change — Twitter increasing its character limit from 140 to 280 on November 7, 2017, employing an instrumental variable approach, and examining 143,771 original tweets published by organizational and leadership accounts half a year before and after the intervention, we showed the direct causal relationship between affordances and communication behavior on digital media platforms. Second, by exploring what factors could explain the heterogeneity of causal effects, we showed that previous endogenous perceptions of communication constraint predicted later behavioral changes, despite the same exogenous intervention. These findings highlight the role of human agencies in the face of technological changes and provide empirical support for the affordance approach to information communication technologies (ICTs) as a reconciliation between technological determinism and social constructivism.
Anesthetic Considerations for Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair with the MitraClip Device

The MitraClip® (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, California) is a transcatheter mitral valve repair device that is used to treat mitral regurgitation of both degenerative and functinoal etiologies in select patients. Since its CE Mark approval in 2008 and initial United States FDA approval in 2013, implantation volume has increased dramatically and MitraClip therapy has become an established treatment option for select patients with MR. Cardiac anesthesiologists are likely to be called upon to care for these high-risk patients with increasing frequency. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the MitraClip procedure for the anesthesiologist. We begin by presenting background information, including the indications for implantation and the transcatheter device components. Following this, we describe the anesthetic management for the procedure and provide a stepwise review of the implantation process. Finally, we conclude by discussing potential intraprocedural complications.
Multiagent Planning and Control for Swarm Herding in 2-D Obstacle Environments Under Bounded Inputs

This article presents a method for herding a swarm of adversarial agents toward a safe area in a 2-D obstacle environment. The team of defending agents (defenders) aims to block the path of a swarm of risk-averse, adversarial agents (attackers) and guide it to a safe area while navigating in an obstacle-populated environment. To achieve this, a closed formation (StringNet) of defenders is formed around the adversarial swarm. A combination of open-loop, near time-optimal controllers (that result in forming the defenders’ formation), and state-feedback controllers with finite-time convergence guarantees under bounded inputs (that guide the formation around attackers and toward the safe area) synthesize the herding strategy. For demonstration purpose, we consider that the attacking swarm moves under a flocking model, which however is unknown to the defenders. Collision-free trajectory generation for the defenders, as well as their convergence to the desired formations, is proved formally, and simulations are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. An implementation of the proposed approach on quadrotor vehicles simulated in the Gazebo simulator is also provided.
Metabolic Intersection of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases: Opportunities for Cancer Therapy

According to data from the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the two leading causes of mortality in the world [1]. Despite the immense effort to study these diseases and the constant innovation in treatment modalities, the number of deaths associated with cardiovascular diseases and cancer is predicted to increase in the coming decades [1]. From 2008 to 2030, due to population growth and population aging in many parts of the world, the number of deaths caused by cancer globally is projected to increase by 45%, corresponding to an annual increase of around four million people [1]. For cardiovascular diseases, this number is six million people [1]. In the United States, treatments for these two diseases are among the most costly and result in a disproportionate impact on low- and middleincome people. As the fight against these fatal diseases continues, it is crucial that we continue our investigation and broaden our understanding of cancer and cardiovascular diseases to innovate our prognostic and treatment approaches. Even though cardiovascular diseases and cancer are usually studied independently [2-12], there are some striking overlaps between their metabolic behaviors and therapeutic targets, suggesting the potential application of cardiovascular disease treatments for cancer therapy. More specifically, both cancer and many cardiovascular diseases have an upregulated glutaminolysis pathway, resulting in low glutamine and high glutamate circulating levels. Similar treatment modalities, such as glutaminase (GLS) inhibition and glutamine supplementation, have been identified to target glutamine metabolism in both cancer and some cardiovascular diseases. Studies have also found similarities in lipid metabolism, specifically fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and synthesis. Pharmacological inhibition of FAO and fatty acid synthesis have proven effective against many cancer types as well as specific cardiovascular conditions. Many of these treatments have been tested in clinical trials, and some have been medically prescribed to patients to treat certain diseases, such as angina pectoris [13, 14]. Other metabolic pathways, such as tryptophan catabolism and pyruvate metabolism, were also dysregulated in both diseases, making them promising treatment targets. Understanding the overlapping traits exhibited by both cancer metabolism and cardiovascular disease metabolism can give us a more holistic view of how important metabolic dysregulation is in the progression of diseases. Using established links between these illnesses, researchers can take advantage of the discoveries from one field and potentially apply them to the other. In this chapter, we highlight some promising therapeutic discoveries that can support our fight against cancer, based on common metabolic traits displayed in both cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Metabolic differences among newborns born to mothers with a history of leukemia or lymphoma.

Leukemia and lymphoma are cancers affecting children, adolescents, and young adults and may affect reproductive outcomes and maternal metabolism. We evaluated for metabolic changes in newborns of m...