cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
δ-opioid receptor gene: Effect of Sp1 factor on transcriptional regulation in vivo

δ-Opioid receptor (DOR) promoter exhibited a cell-type–specific expression pattern. Protein-DNA interactions in this promoter were identified by dimethyl sulfate in vivo footprinting analysis of NG108-15 cells, expressing endogenous DOR. Complete protection of the putative Sp1 cis -element and partial protection of the sequence defined as X- Not I in the basal promoter were observed only in the G/G1 phase of the cell cycle. No protection was detected in Neuro2A cells that do not express DOR. In vivo formaldehyde cross-linking confirmed Sp1 factor binding to its cis -acting element during the G/G1 phase. The functional significance of these Sp1 and X- Not I sites was evaluated by transient transfection analysis. Northern blot analysis and nuclear run-off assays revealed maximum DOR mRNA level and transcription rate, respectively, during the G/G1 phase of NG108-15 cells. In summary, the protein-DNA interactions at the Sp1 and X- Not I sites are necessary for cell cycle-dependent and cell-type–specific up-regulated DOR gene expression.
Day of surgery cancellation rate after preoperative telephone nurse screening or comprehensive optimization visit

Structured preoperative assessment has been reported to improve operating room efficiency as measured by metrics such as day of surgery cancellations (DOSCs). However, not all patients require comprehensive assessment; routine full assessments can result in unnecessary duplication of tests and investigations. Selective nurse screening under the supervision of anesthesiology may provide adequate information gathering in lower risk patients. This study is undertaken to assess if DOSC rates vary with different assessment processes. At a single academic tertiary care hospital, from Jan 2 to May 31, 2013, the consecutive patients undergoing comprehensive preoperative assessment (CPA) and nurse screening (NS), as well as the patients not assessed by the anesthesiology-supervised preoperative process, were followed for the occurrence and reason for DOSC. The operating room schedule of all elective surgery patients was analyzed to allow calculation of rates of DOSCs. Reasons for cancellations were documented as one of ten structured reasons by preoperative holding area clerical staff. Overall, there were 14,893 elective surgery patients in this time period, with 183 DOSCs, giving a rate of 1.23 % (95 % CI 1.06, 1.42). Patients who received CPA numbered 5980; 29 of them had a DOSC, giving a rate of 0.48 % (95 % CI 0.33–0.70) (P < 0.0001 vs. no assessment). Patients receiving NS numbered 1840; 11 of them had a DOSC, giving a rate of 0.60 % (95 % CI 0.30–1.10) (P < 0.0001 vs. no assessment). The most common reason for cancellation was new medical condition. A very low DOSC rate can be achieved with a comprehensive preoperative process where some patients are selectively telephone screened by nurses, with complete assessment deferred to the anesthesiologist on the day of surgery.
A Systematic Coarse-Grained Model for Methylcellulose Polymers: Spontaneous Ring Formation at Elevated Temperature

We develop a systematic coarse-grained (CG) model for methylcellulose polymers, including random copolymers with compositions representative of modeling commercial METHOCEL A polymer, using one CG bead per monomer. We parametrize our CG model using the RDFs from atomistic simulations of short methylcellulose oligomers, extrapolating the results to long chains. Using a LJ 9–6 potential, the CG model captures the effect of monomer substitution type and temperature observed in detailed atomistic simulations. We use dissociation free energy to validate our CG model against the atomistic model. We then use this CG model to simulate single chains up to 1000 monomers long, and we calculate persistence lengths for a selection of homogeneous and heterogeneous methylcellulose chains, which show good agreement with experimental results. Interestingly, simulations of 600-mer heterogeneous chains show a collapse transition at 50 °C and form a stable ring structure with outer diameter around 14 nm. This structure appea...
La innovación en las entidades de acción social de la provincia de Córdoba (España)

Introduction: Innovation is now a key factor for competitiveness and, although the degree of interest aroused by the third sector is still emerging, it is increasingly common to find success stories of non-profit organizations (npo) that have developed innovative experiences in the social sphere. Methodology: A study was conducted in social action institutions in the province of Cordoba, Spain, consisting of a first phase of quantitative nature, aimed at establishing a diagnosis and a general assessment of the sector through the data obtained from a self-diagnosis questionnaire of social innovation answered by entities that bring together more than 80% of the social action sector in the province. Results: The results of the study lead to the conclusion that there is still a great lack of knowledge about the concept of social innovation. Conclusions: npos need to come a long way in terms of innovation in their processes, use of new information and communication technology, collaborative work and experience exchange.
The Non-Linear Analysis of Cast-in-Place RC Hollow Flat Slab

Based on the elastic and plastic analysis,the crack load and ultimate load of cast-in-place RC hollow flat slab subjected to vertical uniformly distributed load are given.The deformation character and deflection distribution of the slab are analyzed.The deformation,development and destroy modes of cracks are also described.The load-deflection curve of the hollow flat slab's midpoint is received,and the deflection changing law of the slab is presented.Changing the distance of tube end,the width of hidden girder and the diameter of tube,it can be found that the distance of tube end should be 1/6 of the tube length and not be less than 80mm,the clearance width should not be less than 50mm,and the width of hidden girder should be between 1/13～1/16 of the width of the span.Some suggestions are advanced.
A NEW APPROACH TO COMPOSITIONL SIMULATION FORMULATIONED BY FULLY DIFFERENTIAL METHOD

The paper describes a new approach to reservoir simulation, the formulations in multi component reservoir simulation model are firstly expressed as fully differential form on unknown variables, then are dispersed as numerical difference equations on these variables. The basic viewpoint is that all unknown variables'differences are regarded as new variables of singular differences cells, and then all variables' differences can be expressed as the algebra sum of the cells.The differential variables of the variables are the differentially changing variables of the variables, which is derived from common solution of the variables. The iteration procedure of solving these difference equations will be improved on all unknown variables through using value of the cells step by step.
Immunochemistry of cartilage proteoglycan. Immunodiffusion and gel-electrophoretic studies

Cartilage proteoglycan is thought to be composed of subunits, core proteins with covalently attached sulphated polysaccharide side chains, which form aggregates by non-covalent association with a link protein. The new technique of non-disruptive extraction followed by fractionation in caesium chloride gradients provides a useful means of preparing relatively pure proteoglycan aggregate, subunit and link fractions. Immunological studies of these fractions led to the identification of an antigen associated with the proteoglycan subunit which was common to several species and to the demonstration of additional species-specific antigens in aggregate and link fractions derived from bovine nasal cartilage. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulphate of bovine proteoglycan aggregate and link fractions gave two protein bands in the gels and a protein–polysaccharide band at the origin; subunit fractions gave only the band at the origin. These results are consistent with the current concept of cartilage proteoglycan structure.
Extracellular matrix of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells contains functionally active type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEs) was analyzed by immunoblotting and reverse fibrin autography and shown to contain type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1). Most PAI-1 in the ECM formed complexes with exogenously added tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), demonstrating that this PAI-1 was functionally active. The resulting tPA/PAI-1 complexes were recovered in the reaction solution, indicating that the PAI-1 in such complexes no longer bound to ECM. The PAI-1 could not be removed by incubating ECM in high salt (2 mol/L NaCl), sugars (1 mol/L galactose, 1 mol/L mannose), glycosaminoglycans (10 mmol/L heparin, 10 mmol/L dermatan sulfate), or epsilon-aminocaproic acid (0.1 mol/L). However, PAI-1 could be extracted from ECM by treatment with either arginine (0.5 mol/L) or potassium thiocyanate (2 mol/L), or by incubation under acidic conditions (pH 2.5). ECM depleted of PAI-1 by acid extraction was able to bind both the active and latent forms of PAI-1. In this instance, most of the bound PAI-1 did not form complexes with tPA, indicating that the latent form was not activated as a consequence of binding to ECM. Although the PAI-1 activity in conditioned medium decayed with a half-life (t 1/2) of less than 3 hours, the t 1/2 of ECM- associated PAI-1 was greater than 24 hours. These data suggest that PAI- 1 is produced by cultured BAEs in an active form and is then either released into the medium where it is rapidly inactivated or into the subendothelium where it binds to ECM. The specific binding of PAI-1 to ECM protects it from this inactivation.
Forensic aspects of ethyl alcohol.

The use and abuse of ethyl alcohol is undoubtedly the most significant drug problem in the United States today. The forensic scientist must be aware of physiologic, pharmacologic, and toxicologic aspects of alcohol ingestion in order to provide expert testimony in medicolegal cases.
The Mordell-Weil Theorem

In 1901 Poincare conjectured (or, rather, had tacitly assumed) [6] that all the rational points on any elliptic curve defined over ℚ are obtained from only finitely many by adding them in all possible ways. This was proved by Mordell in 1922 [3]. Soon afterwards in 1928 Weil, in his thesis [7], extended this result to the case of an “abelian variety” defined over a number field K. An abelian variety X defined over K is, roughly speaking, the set of common zeros in projective space of a finite number of homogeneous polynomial equations in several variables with coefficients in K, together with an abelian group law giving the coordinates of P 1 ± P 2 as rational functions of the coordinates of P 1 and P 2 [5]. Weil proved that the group X(K) of the K-rational points of an abelian variety X, i.e., the solutions of these polynomial equations with coordinates in K, is finitely generated. For details see Ref. 2 or 7. Later on he also gave a simpler proof, using the concepts he had introduced in his thesis, for the special case of elliptic curves. It is this proof that we shall be following (cf. Ref. 4 or 8). A very interesting account is in Cassels [1].
Nature vs. nurture in adipocyte responses to high-fat feeding

Complications related to obesity depend not only on absolute adiposity but also on fat distribution. Intra-abdominal (visceral) and subcutaneous adipose tissues differ in their genetic, metabolic, and secretory profiles, and their responses to excess calories. Increased visceral adipose tissue
Periodic Motions to Chaos in Duffing Oscillator via Discretization Technique

In this chapter, the periodic motions of a Duffing oscillator are predicted using discrete implicit maps and mapping structures. Bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos are presented. The stability and bifurcation of periodic motions are determined through eigenvalue analysis. Finally, the numerical results of periodic motions of the Duffing oscillator are illustrated to verify the analytical prediction. The method used herein is applicable to other nonlinear systems for bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos.
Chapter 18 Shear-Induced dispersion of particle agglomerates

Publisher Summary The breaking of agglomerates or assemblies of small (nanometer to micrometer) particles is frequently encountered in a wide range of industries including material processing, pharmaceuticals, mining, and food technologies. Often, the processing goal is the dispersion into smaller clusters (or if possible, into its constituent particles) and distribution of these finely divided units throughout the suspending medium. Usually the quality of the resulting product depends on the degree of dispersion achieved. Hence, a better understanding of the parameters that control the dispersion process can lead to advances in processing techniques and the design of efficient mixing equipment. This chapter presents a summary of the current state of understanding of agglomerate dispersion phenomena. Both experimental approaches to elucidating the fundamental phenomena and modeling of these phenomena are described in this chapter. In practice, the dispersion operations described here are commonly achieved by suspending the agglomerates (or individual particles) within fluids and subjecting them to agitation or shearing motions. In some cases, this step is preceded by some chemical treatment (e.g., intercalation of layered nano-solids, wetting of fine-particle agglomerates) to ease the dispersion.
ORF7 from Amycolatopsis orientalis catalyzes decarboxylation of Nδ-methylarginine and amine oxidation of arginine: Biosynthetic implications.

Abstract A key step in the biosynthesis of the polyene polyketide ECO-0501 by Amycolatopsis orientalis ATCC 43491 is thought to involve oxidative decarboxylation of arginine or Nδ-methylarginine to the corresponding primary amide. This reaction is the centerpiece of a recently identified biosynthetic cassette that generates 4-guanidinobutyryl thioesters to serve as starter units for polyketide synthesis. We examined the reaction of ORF7, the predicted ECO-0501 biosynthetic decarboxylase, with arginine, and saw no evidence of decarboxylation. Instead, we observed exclusive amine oxidation to generate 2-oxoarginine, with a kcat/KM,Arg of 5.6 × 106 M− 1 s− 1, typical of values measured for physiological amino acid decarboxylases. In contrast, when ORF7 was incubated with Nδ-methylarginine, we observed exclusive decarboxylation to generate 4-(N1-methylguanidino)butyramide. These differing reactive pathways provide insight into the biosyntheses of guanidinobutyryl-derived polyketides and demonstrate the biosynthetic versatility of arginine-processing decarboxylases. In addition, it suggests that ORF7 may be an incisive model system for dissecting the determinants of flavoprotein-catalyzed oxidase and monooxygenase modes of reactivity.
Evaluation of a rendered poultry mortality–soybean meal product as a supplemental protein source for pig diets

Dehydrated/rendered broiler mortality-soybean meal products (DPS) were evaluated in two trials as high-protein feedstuffs for pig diets. Broiler mortalities, collected and frozen on-farm and transported to a central facility, were minced, blended with soybean meal, and dried with a final product temperature of 120 to 130 degrees C. The final DPS products used contained approximately 30 and 45% (DM basis) dried broiler mortality for the first and second trials, respectively (DPS1 and DPS2). The first trial involved 50 young, growing pigs (9 to 26 kg) and the second, 72 growing and finishing pigs (27 to 111 kg). The trials compared corn-based diets containing either soybean meal (SBM; 48%) or DPS products as the supplemental protein source. The DPS products averaged 50% CP and 2.9% total lysine; crude fat content of DPS used in the first trial was 8%, and for the second, 14.6% (as-fed basis). The ADG of pigs fed the DPS diets in either trial was similar to that of pigs fed the SBM control diets. In the second trial, pigs fed DPS2 had an overall average G:F ratio that was 9% better (P < 0.01) than that of pigs fed the SBM control diets. Carcass characteristics and pork quality from pigs of the growing-finishing trial were not affected by dietary treatment. Subjective carcass fat firmness scores indicated slightly softer fat (P < 0.05) from pigs fed DPS2. The mincing, blending with SBM, and dehydration of frozen stored on-farm broiler mortalities produced a safe and nutritious protein feedstuff for pigs, while also offering a viable disposal option.
Cardiac and Metabolic Variables in Obese Dogs.

Background The etiology of obesity-related cardiac dysfunction (ORCD) is linked to metabolic syndrome in people. Studies have indicated that obese dogs have components of metabolic syndrome, warranting evaluation for ORCD in obese dogs. Objectives To evaluate cardiac structure and function and metabolic variables in obese dogs compared to ideal weight dogs. Animals Forty-six healthy, small-breed (<25 pounds), obese dogs (n = 29) compared to ideal weight dogs (n = 17). Methods A cross-sectional study of cardiac structure and function by standard and strain echocardiographic measurements and quantification of serum metabolic variables (insulin:glucose ratios, lipid analysis, adiponectin, inflammatory markers). Results Compared to the ideal weight controls, obese dogs had cardiac changes characterized by an increased interventricular septal width in diastole to left ventricular internal dimension in diastole ratio, decreased ratios of peak early to peak late left ventricular inflow velocities, and ratios of peak early to peak late mitral annular tissue velocities, and increased fractional shortening and ejection fraction percentages. The left ventricular posterior wall width in diastole to left ventricular internal dimension in diastole ratios were not significantly different between groups. Systolic blood pressure was not significantly different between groups. Obese dogs had metabolic derangements characterized by increased insulin:glucose ratios, dyslipidemias with increased cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein concentrations, decreased adiponectin concentrations, and increased concentrations of interleukin 8 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine-like inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Compared to ideal weight controls, obese dogs have alterations in cardiac structure and function as well as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypoadiponectinemia, and increased concentrations of inflammatory markers. These findings warrant additional studies to investigate inflammation, dyslipidemia, and possibly systemic hypertension as potential contributing factors for altered cardiac function.
The Interpreted Mind: Understanding Acting:

Acting is everywhere: TV, movies, and theater. Yet psychologists know surprisingly little about how acting is processed and understood by viewers. This is despite popular, scholarly, and journalist...
Coordinated Logistics with a Truck and a Drone

We determine the efficiency of a delivery system in which an unmanned aerial vehicle UAV provides service to customers while making return trips to a truck that is itself moving. In other words, a UAV picks up a package from the truck which continues on its route, and after delivering the package, the UAV returns to the truck to pick up the next package. Although the hardware for such systems already exists, the extent to which such an approach can actually provide a significantly improved quality of service is not yet understood. By combining a theoretical analysis in the Euclidean plane with real-time numerical simulations on a road network, we demonstrate that the improvement in efficiency is proportional to the square root of the ratio of the speeds of the truck and the UAV. The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2824 . This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Arden performance editions

I have been eagerly awaiting the debut of the Arden Performance Editions of Shakespeare since they were announced a few years ago. The series arises from editor Abigail Rokison-Woodall’s detailed w...
Electrolyzer Design for Flexible Decoupled Water Splitting and Organic Upgrading with Electron Reservoirs

Summary Conventional water-splitting electrolysis drives the H 2 and O 2 evolution reactions (HER and OER, respectively) simultaneously with large voltage inputs. Herein, two inexpensive iron complexes as proton-independent electron reservoirs (ERs) are described for decoupled water electrolysis. (Ferrocenylmethyl)trimethylammonium chloride and Na 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ], which have proper redox potentials in aqueous media, are able to couple their oxidation with HER. The subsequent reduction of the oxidized ER + is then paired with OER. Both steps require much smaller voltage than that of direct water splitting. Nearly 100% Faradic efficiency and remarkable cycling stability were obtained for both ERs. Such decoupled water splitting could also be driven by photovoltaic cells with small photovoltages under sunlight irradiation. Furthermore, a two-step electrolysis of HER and the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural mediated by Na 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] was demonstrated under alkaline conditions, producing H 2 and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid. This work presents a decoupled water electrolyzer design with great flexibility and safety advantages.
Confinement Effects on Chemical Equilibria: Pentacyano(Pyrazine)Ferrate(II) Stability Changes within Nanosized Droplets of Water.

Nanoscale confinement is known to impact properties of molecules and we observed changes in the reactivity of an iron coordination complex, pentacyano(pyrazine)ferrate(II). The confinement of two coordination complexes in a sodium AOT/isooctane reverse micellar (RM) water droplet was found to dramatically increase the hydrolysis rate of [Fe(CN)5pyz]3− and change the monomer-dimer equilibria between [Fe(CN)5pyz]3− and [Fe2(CN)10pyz]6−. Combined UV-Vis and 1H-NMR spectra of these complexes in RMs were analyzed and the position of the monomer-dimer equilibrium and the relative reaction times were determined at three different RM sizes. The data show that the hydrolysis rates (loss of pyrazine) are dramatically enhanced in RMs over bulk water and increase as the size of the RM decreases. Likewise, the monomer-dimer equilibrium changes to favor the formation of dimer as the RM size decreases. We conclude that the effects of the [Fe(CN)5pyz]3− stability is related to its solvation within the RM.
Common Property Resources and Factor Allocation

Two recent articles by Professors H. Scott Gordon and Anthony Scott present an interesting analysis of the conditions for economic maximization in a renewable resource industry the primary raw material for which is drawn from the public domain. While their criticism of the concepts which now govern fishery conservation programmes will be generally accepted among the handful of economists dealing with the fishing industry, some aspects of the problem call for additional consideration. In this paper I should like to elaborate and modify the general outlines of the analysis, largely in terms of a specific and important case: the Pacific halibut fishery. As Gordon and Scott point out, the core of the “over-fishing” problem inheres in the fact that the basic resource is incapable of ownership in any meaningful sense. When the demand for a given species exceeds the level at which supplies can be drawn from local waters at relatively constant costs, further exploitation of the fishery gives rise to higher costs at both intensive and extensive margins. The catch per unit of fishing effort will decline in the closer, more populous grounds as stocks are reduced, and greater costs must be incurred in pushing fishing activities to more distant grounds. If the grounds could be and were privately owned, the incremental income resulting from, say, secular growth in demand would, of course, accrue as rent in a purely Ricardian sense. Since they are not, and since there are no substantive barriers to the entry of new vessels, the increasing aggregate returns will simply be dissipated in excess capacity and higher monetary and real costs. If the reduction in stocks, viewed with grave alarm by biologist and legislator alike, now gives rise to restrictions on the catch designed to hold fish populations at some predetermined level or to rebuild them, the increases in price, aggregate returns, and excess capacity will continue. There is obviously no assurance that the final effect on economic output over time relative to total factor inputs is the same, better, or worse than in the absence of such restrictions.
From “Illegal” to Neighborhood Shopkeeper: How Legal Capital Affects Business Performance

This chapter lays bare the intricacies of the concept of legal capital. Our evidence indicates that the timing of entrepreneurship after legalizing immigration status affects business outcomes. We suggest that net of business duration and time living in the US, the experience of operating firms in the formal economy develops business acumen and expands business networks in a way that confers small advantages on those entrepreneurs who capitalize earlier on their legal status. We submit that like other subtypes of cultural capital, legal capital refers to the cultural knowledge about the formal economy that accumulates under the auspices of legal status. We demonstrate that this knowledge—and its attendant licenses—pays more dividends to businesspeople who deploy it earlier in the course of their working lives.
The Recombination Landscape of Drosophila virilis is Robust to Transposon Activation in Hybrid Dysgenesis

DNA damage in the germline is a double-edged sword. Induced double-strand breaks establish the foundation for meiotic recombination and proper chromosome segregation but can also pose a significant challenge for genome stability. Within the germline, transposable elements are powerful agents of double-strand break formation. How different types of DNA damage are resolved within the germline is poorly understood. For example, little is known about the relationship between the frequency of double-stranded breaks, both endogenous and exogenous, and the decision to repair DNA through one of the many pathways, including crossing over and gene conversion. Here we use the Drosophila virilis hybrid dysgenesis model to determine how recombination landscapes change under transposable element activation. In this system, a cross between two strains of D. virilis with divergent transposable element profiles results in the hybrid dysgenesis phenotype, which includes the germline activation of diverse transposable elements, reduced fertility, and male recombination. However, only one direction of the cross results in hybrid dysgenesis. This allows the study of recombination in genetically identical F1 females; those with baseline levels of programmed DNA damage and those with an increased level of DNA damage resulting from transposable element proliferation. Using multiplexed shotgun genotyping to map crossover events, we compared the recombination landscapes of hybrid dysgenic and non-hybrid dysgenic individuals. The frequency and distribution of meiotic recombination appears to be robust during hybrid dysgenesis. However, hybrid dysgenesis is also associated with occasional clusters of recombination derived from single dysgenic F1 mothers. The clusters of recombination are hypothesized to be the result of mitotic crossovers during early germline development. Overall, these results show that meiotic recombination in D. virilis is robust to the damage caused by transposable elements during early development.
Impact of Degrees of Service on Alumni Career Development

This paper presents the results of a survey that assessed the long term impact of varying degrees of service on alumni employment and attitudes toward careers. Alumni with service-learning and other service experiences (SL plus group) felt it was important to work to correct inequalities, to provide a service to others, to make a difference in the community, and agreed that their service, academic and social experiences affected their career development.
Alcohol-Related Seizures in the ICU

Alcohol abuse is a common cause of seizures resulting in admission to the intensive care unit. The cause of the alcohol-related seizures (ARS) is usually abstinence in a chronic alcoholic, although some patients may still have detectable levels of alcohol in their blood. ARS generally occur between 7 and 48 h after abstinence. Approximately half of patients presenting with ARS will have recurrent seizures (usually two to four) within a vulnerable 6-h period following the initial ARS. Although patients with ARS rarely enter status epilepticus (SE), alcohol withdrawal is a common contributing factor in many cases of SE. Evaluation involves searching for a focal cause of the seizure as well as looking for comorbid conditions, including delirium tremens, that may complicate the management of chronic alcohol abusers. Treatment of ARS is similar to general management of alcohol withdrawal, with benzodiazepines being the mainstay of treatment. Treatment of alcohol-related SE is similar to that of other causes of SE. Phenytoin is not indicated for treatment of ARS unless the patient enters SE.
Establishing structure-property localization linkages for elastic deformation of three-dimensional high contrast composites using deep learning approaches

Abstract Data-driven methods are attracting growing attention in the field of materials science. In particular, it is now becoming clear that machine learning approaches offer a unique avenue for successfully mining practically useful process-structure-property (PSP) linkages from a variety of materials data. Most previous efforts in this direction have relied on feature design (i.e., the identification of the salient features of the material microstructure to be included in the PSP linkages). However due to the rich complexity of features in most heterogeneous materials systems, it has been difficult to identify a set of consistent features that are transferable from one material system to another. With flexible architecture and remarkable learning capability, the emergent deep learning approaches offer a new path forward that circumvents the feature design step. In this work, we demonstrate the implementation of a deep learning feature-engineering-free approach to the prediction of the microscale elastic strain field in a given three-dimensional voxel-based microstructure of a high-contrast two-phase composite. The results show that deep learning approaches can implicitly learn salient information about local neighborhood details, and significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods.
Signal Processing Considerations for Immersive Audio Rendering

Immersive audio systems are being envisioned for applications that include teleconferencing and telepresence; augmented and virtual reality for manufacturing and entertainment; air traffic control, pilot warning, and guidance systems; displays for the visually-impaired; distance learning; and professional sound and picture editing for television and film. In this paper we examine signal processing issues that pertain to immersive audio rendering over loudspeakers. We propose two methods that can be used to implement the necessary filters for generating virtual sound sources based on synthetic head-related transfer functions with the same spectral characteristics as those of the real source. Furthermore, several factors are presented that pertain to high quality immersive audio reproduction at the desktop including acoustical and psychoacoustical considerations and the importance of dynamically adapting to listener’s head movement.
Medical Laboratory Science Undergraduate Management Curriculum Development Using Practitioner Reported Job Tasks

A Midwestern medical laboratory science program (MLS) conducted an online survey, as part of a larger national study, to assess what specific management skills staff-level MLS practitioners were performing as part of their job. The survey provided data that helped guide management-related curriculum development. Participants self-reported how often (i.e., often, sometimes, never) they had been asked, as part of their staff-level job, to perform a list of 30 managerial tasks. Frequently performed tasks (i.e., percentages represent both the often and sometimes responses) included train laboratory staff (88%); perform or participate in equipment/method validation (82%); prepare for/participate in laboratory inspection/assessment (82%); ensure compliance of regulations/standards (76%); monitor quality via quality indicators (64%); investigate standard operating procedure (SOP)/policy deviations (65%); analyze/review inventory data (65%); plan, measure, and evaluate process improvement projects (61%); develop competency assessment materials (61%), revise or write policies and procedures (61%); and participate in interdisciplinary teams (61%). Least performed tasks identified included: hire new employees (2%), prepare a laboratory/department budget (3%), perform a SWOT analysis (5%), negotiate vendor contracts (8%), write job descriptions (8%), determine productivity (11%), and perform a cost analysis (14%). The reported descriptive statistics helped distinguish between frequently and infrequently performed tasks, and develop managerial curriculum for an undergraduate and graduate MLS program. The staff-level practitioner rarely performed financial and human resource (HR) so these tasks became the focus of the graduate-level management curriculum.
Longitudinal beam dynamics studies at the PIP-II injector test facility

The Proton Improvement Plan, Stage Two (PIP-II), is a program of upgrades proposed for the Fermilab injection complex, the central part of which is an 800 MeV, 2 mA CW-compatible SRF linac. A proto...
Institutions in Play: Practices of Legitimation in Games

This essay aims to exert some pressure on the concept of participation in game research and the commitments it often implies, so as to open up room for the sustained recognition of the participation of institutions in what games, as continuously unfolding processes, have become. I suggest that, in counterpoint to current and valuable interest in the user/player and their participation and agency, we should attend to institutions and their projects surrounding games, although without sliding into a simple oppositional characterization of the relationship between players and institutions. To illustrate this I sketch the cultural forms of ritual and game and how they are variously used by modern institutions. This focus on institutional involvement brings to the fore a vital issue: processes of legitimation. In their processual nature—that is, that they are always in the process of becoming, and exist only in their playing—games are always the subject of ongoing processes of legitimation, and to recognize this is to widen our view of participation. What kinds of approaches to playing a game, or outcomes that it can generate, are taken as legitimate (or illegitimate), by whom, and why? What role do institutions play in the establishment of legitimacy claims? In other words, alongside examining inscriptions and appropriations in and around games, this essay suggests that we add “legitimation” as an additional object of methodological consideration as we seek to understand games as participatory.
Academic skills in the screenish era

Our culture has begun to react to the implications of digital technology for our shared memory and individual privacy in the form of legislation like GDPR. But the culture of higher education---specifically the dominant model of knowledge generation and transmission---stays firmly rooted in the 'bookish' tradition. Honors education was started in response to the changing world in the wake of WWII. Its core principles of engaged learning and individualization of the student experience can lead higher education to embrace the new culture of digital technology-assisted knowledge generation and transmission.
Superimposed Text Size and Contrast Effects in DTC TV Advertising: Which Presentation Format Is Best For Rx Drug Messaging to Consumers?

ABSTRACT Direct-to-consumer prescription-drug television advertisements often contain superimposed text (supers) to convey information about the advertised product. This randomized experiment examined three size levels of supers and two levels of background contrast in direct-to-consumer advertisements. Participants (N = 1,272) watched different versions of a television advertisement for a fictitious asthma drug on either a flat-screen television or a tablet computer. Larger supers were more noticeable and memorable than smaller supers. High-contrast supers were less noticeable. Tablet users had more favorable views of the advertisement. Results have implications for the communication of important medical information in direct-to-consumer advertisements.
Cases and etiologies of suspected COVID-19 reactivation

Our article outlines a perspective on COVID-19 reactivation with considerations of implored commentary on behalf of the medical community regarding open discourse about this subject. Such a topic is paramount in elucidating parameters that pertain to testing, and subsequent public health population dynamics once uneventful cases pass. We argue that what some may refer to as a reinfection or reactivation of the virus, is actually a result of prolonged shedding of the virus complemented with occasional false positives/negatives and lab errors. This article was written with the perspective of informing in addition to engage discussions that distill salient, evidence-based characterization of COVID-19. We hope to recruit fellow academics in medicine who see trends in their own respective communities about people who re-test, and to explore their clinical outcomes.
Celebrity, Crowds, and Theatrical Audiences in Shakespeare’s Coriolanus

My chapter considers Shakespeare’s Coriolanus as an experiment in the staging of early modern celebrity. Understood in this context, celebrity focuses on acts of “celebration”—the moment of contact between the famous individual and the crowd. Shakespeare’s play is fascinated by the diegetic interactions of Coriolanus with the populace of Rome and by the orchestration of contact between its actors and the theatrical audience. Read in this way, we can understand the play as a commentary on the phenomenon of celebrity and popularity on stage and in early modern London. But, more significantly, it can also be understood as an attempt to recreate the affective experience of celebrity for its audience, as Shakespeare enables the audience to become emotionally close to the plays’ difficult and stubborn central character while he struggles with his refusal to popular demands for attention.
d-Leucine protects oocytes from chronic psychological stress in mice.

Purpose Psychological stress could negatively influence female reproductive ability. d-Leucine (d-Leu) is a d-type amino acid found in foods and mammalian tissues. We have examined the protective effects of d-Leu on oocyte abnormality induced by psychological stress. Methods Female mice (6-week-old) were divided into three groups: control, restraint stress (RS), and RS/d-Leu. The RS and RS/d-Leu mice were holed for 3 hours daily during 14 days. RS/d-Leu mice were fed 0.3% d-Leu diet. The oocyte maturation failure was analyzed by shapes of spindles and chromosomes. In addition, levels of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression in the ovaries were also examined. Whether d-Leu reduces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cultured cells, K562 cells were treated with d-Leu, and then ROS in K562 were analyzed. Results Oocyte maturation failure was increased in RS mice. d-Leu reduced abnormal oocytes to control level. The expression levels of HO-1 and SOD2 increased in RS/d-Leu mice compared to those of RS mice. ROS levels were decreased in K562 cells with d-Leu in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions We concluded that d-Leu protects oocytes from psychological stress through the induction of HO-1 and SOD2 expression then by reducing oxidative stress.
Using computational singular perturbation as a diagnostic tool in ODE and DAE systems: a case study in heterogeneous catalysis

We have extended the computational singular perturbation (CSP) method to differential algebraic equation (DAE) systems and demonstrated its application in a heterogeneous-catalysis problem. The ext...
Moyamoya-Syndrom: seltene Ursache zerebraler Gefäßprozesse bei jungen Erwachsenen

Das Moyamoya-Syndrom ist eine in Europa selten diagnostizierte Hirngefaserkrankung. Die japanische Bezeichnung bedeutet soviel wie “Rauchschwaden” und weist auf die charakteristischen, ein Netzwerk bildenden feinen Anastomosen hin. Wir schildern anhand eines eigenen Falles die Krankheitserscheinungen und weitere Ursachen des zerebralen Gefasprozesses junger Erwachsener.
On the injectivity of the map of the Witt group of a scheme into the Witt group of its function field

In the published version of the article a whole portion of the text is missing starting on p. 465, line 6. This portion of the text includes the statement of a Proposition, together with the beginning of its proof; it is the rest of this proof which occupied the last pages (465 through 468) of the article. What follows is the missing text of the paper, from the beginning of Remark 18 to the line preceding Diagram (7) on p. 465. There are no changes from that point on.
Can Quantitative Capnometry Differentiate Between Cardiac and Obstructive Causes of Respiratory Distress

Study objective To determine whether quantitative measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO 2 ) can differentiate between cardiac and obstructive causes of respiratory distress. Design Prospective observational study. Setting Emergency department (ED) of a tertiary care hospital. Patients Adult patients who presented to the ED with moderate-to-severe dyspnea. Patients were excluded if they were unable to cooperate with the performance of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) or ETCO 2 tests, were younger than 18 years of age, or had received prehospital intervention for their respiratory distress. Interventions Physicians obtained an ETCO 2 level and PEFR prior to ED pharmacologic intervention. A hand-held capnometer with digital read-out was used to obtain the ETCO 2 level. The patient's age, sex, initial vital signs, breath sounds and medication history, the presence or absence of diaphoresis and/or orthopnea, the duration of symptoms, the chest radiograph interpretation, and final diagnosis were also recorded. Measurements and results Forty-two patients were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. The mean ETCO 2 level was 31.1±9.4 mm Hg; the mean PEFR was 161.3±53.1 L/min. The ETCO 2 levels for pulmonary edema/congestive heart failure (CHF) patients differed significantly from those of asthma/COPD patients (27.1±7.8 mm Hg vs 33.4±9.6 mm Hg; p=0.0375). However, no single ETCO 2 level was found to be a reliable predictor of diagnosis. Conclusion ETCO 2 levels for pulmonary edema/CHF patients differ significantly from those of asthma/COPD patients. However, no single ETCO 2 level reliably differentiates between the two disease processes.
Judging Academic Qualifications, Professional Qualifications, and Participation of Faculty Using AACSB Guidelines

In this article, the author discusses activities that researchers and educators can use to determine faculty qualifications and faculty sufficiency for accreditation from the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International. The author collected data on the relative importance of various activities by using a survey of business-school deans. The deans from more research-oriented schools agreed with deans from less research-oriented schools on the relative importance of most activities. Educators can use the relative values to guide business schools in the development of their own methods of determining faculty qualifications and faculty sufficiency.
Image reconstruction using electron microdiffraction patterns from overlapping regions

Abstract An image reconstruction procedure is described that utilizes electron microdiffraction patterns from overlapping regions. The autocorrelation function is calculated for an array of beam positions surrounding the sample area of interest, and the beam positions that maximize each autocorrelation vector are identified. Such maxima occur with the beam centered midway between the related atoms, and, thus, each maximum serves to identify the positions of two atoms. Atomic resolution images are constructed from microdiffraction patterns calculated for crystalline silicon viewed along the [110] direction, and for a thin slice from a model of amorphous silica (SiO 2 ). Comparisons are made with dark-field images calculated for annular detector data.
Capital fundamentalism, economic development, and economic growth: A comment

Capital fundamentalism as a principle guiding development policy was extremely influential in the 1950s and 60s but has since lost some favor. This influence was more the result of appealing descriptions of how economies evolved than of any careful empirical analysis of its performance. Moreover, the early studies in both development and growth accounting conducted by Solow (1957), D enison (1962, 1967), and Maddison (1982) called into question the idea that higher levels of investment would be the engine of growth. In their paper, King and Levine (1994) revisit the idea of capital fundamentalism. Their strategy is to extend and update the early studies on development and growth accounting to incorporate less-developed countries and a longer time period a strategy made possible by the availability of a rich data set put together by Summers and Heston (1991) in an attempt to reevaluate the evidence on capital fundamentalism. In this comment I will first briefly review their results and methodology, second, discuss the idea of capital fundamentalism, or any “fundamentalism” for that matter, and finally, provide an alternative. This alternative is motivated by recent theoretical research in the growth area and suggests that efforts should be pointed away from trying to find an endogenous factor (like capital) that accounts for other endogenous variables (either the level or the growth rate of income). Rather, the research strategy should emphasize both careful modelling and measurement of a candidate exogenous factor. In the
Immunological reactivity. Expression of efficiency in elimination of foreignness.

Abstract This hypothesis is a presentation of immunological phenomena as an array of potential responses of the host which are concerned with the elimination of any foreign substances. The immunological mechanisms which are stimulated are related to the degree of persistence of foreignness. Immunological imbalance and immunologically mediated diseases result when the type or intensity of the response is inappropriate to the stimulus.
A Guide to the Internet Revolution in Banking

Abstract Banking is an industry that is expected to undergo drastic change because of the E-commerce revolution. This article maps out the direction of the Internet revolution in banking by surveying the phenomenon's history, its technological development, and associated managerial and technological issues.
Improving neural network performance by adapting node nonlinearities

It is known that using an infinite number of hidden layer nodes feedforward neural networks can approximate any continuous function with compact support arbitrarily well using very simple node nonlinearities. We investigate whether network architectures can be found that use more complicated node nonlinearities to achieve better approximation using a restricted number of nodes. Two methods are proposed, one based on modifying standard backpropagation networks, and one based on Kolmogorov's theorem. The feasibility of these networks is evaluated by considering their performance when predicting chaotic time series and memorizing the XOR mapping.© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.