cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Distributed coverage games for mobile visual sensors (I): Reaching the set of Nash equilibria

We formulate a coverage optimization problem for mobile visual sensor networks as a repeated multi-player game. Each visual sensor tries to optimize its own coverage while minimizing the processing cost. The rewards for the sensing are not prior information for the agents. We present a synchronous distributed learning algorithm where each sensor only remembers its own utility values and actions played during the last two time steps. The algorithm is proven to be convergent in probability to the set of (restricted) Nash equilibria from which none has incentive to unilaterally deviate.
Year class strengths of zooplankton in the North Sea and then-relation to cod and herring abundance

Tune series of North Sea cod, herring and zooplankton indicated a peak in biological production in the northern North Sea in the late 1960s and early 1970s. An increased recruitment of cod corresponded with high and increasing rates of fishing mortality. During the same time, the Buchan herring increased in abundance under stable fishing mortality. A synthetic analysis of CPR Area C2 'total Calanus' and 'Paracalanus/Pseudocalanus (PP)' reflected a declining abundance in the early 1970s. An analytic analysis of time series enabled the identification of large and small year classes of Calanus and PP. Large year classes of cod appeared to require large year classes of either PP or Calanus, but not both. Large year classes of cod appeared to be more associated with large year classes of PP rather than large year classes of Calanus. Simultaneous large year classes of PP and Calanus rarely occurred. A large year class of either Calanus or PP appeared to be required to produce a large year class of cod. However, the presence of a large year class of Calanus or PP did not guarantee a large year class of cod. The biological changes in the North Sea appeared to be coupled with a difficult to define climate signal involving changes in the windfield, deep convection in the north Atlantic, the great salinity anomaly, and changes in the vertical structure of the ocean off Bermuda.
Effect of alcohols on lecithinase of Clostridium perfringens.

SummaryA study of the effects of several alcohols on growth and lecithinase synthesis by Cl. perfringens revealed that although both functions were inhibited by appropriate concentrations, toxin synthesis was considerably more susceptible than growth. In general the inhibitory effects of the alcohols increased with increasing molecular weight.
Regulation of myocardin factor protein stability by the LIM-only protein FHL2

Extensive evidence indicates that serum response factor (SRF) regulates muscle-specific gene expression and that myocardin family SRF cofactors are critical for smooth muscle cell differentiation. In a yeast two hybrid screen for novel SRF binding partners expressed in aortic SMC, we identified four and a half LIM domain protein 2 (FHL2) and confirmed this interaction by GST pull-down and coimmunoprecipitation assays. FHL2 also interacted with all three myocardin factors and enhanced myocardin and myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)-A-dependent transactivation of smooth muscle α-actin, SM22, and cardiac atrial natriuretic factor promoters in 10T1/2 cells. The expression of FHL2 increased myocardin and MRTF-A protein levels, and, importantly, this effect was due to an increase in protein stability not due to an increase in myocardin factor mRNA expression. Treatment of cells with proteasome inhibitors MG-132 and lactacystin strongly upregulated endogenous MRTF-A protein levels and resulted in a substantial increase in ubiquitin immunoreactivity in MRTF-A immunoprecipitants. Interestingly, the expression of FHL2 attenuated the effects of RhoA and MRTF-B on promoter activity, perhaps through decreased MRTF-B nuclear localization or decreased SRF-CArG binding. Taken together, these data indicate that myocardin factors are regulated by proteasome-mediated degradation and that FHL2 regulates SRF-dependent transcription by multiple mechanisms, including stabilization of myocardin and MRTF-A.
Henry George's Impact at Home and Abroad: He Won the Workers of Marx's Adopted Country But Through Leninism Marxism Has Won Half the World

. Henry George, the American economist and social philosopher, considered it an anomoly that, under modern industrial conditions, progress and poverty should march together. He recognized that the juxtaposition of wealth and want was a worldwide phenomenon and traced its cause to monopoly, particularly the monopoly of land and natural resources. Realizing that current taxes on consumption and production were disincentives to capital and labor, he proposed that governments tax the only true surplus, economic rent, through land value taxation. This would enable the people to reassert their common title to the land—the earth. His message was accorded a more favorable reception abroad than at home. Karl Marx wrote Das Kapital in England but it was George, not Marx, who appealed to the British workers. Yet it was Marxism that swept half the world into State socialism, conquering by political power and bayonet-Leninism while George's followers pursued the democratic approach of public education.
Two-thumb technique is superior to two-finger technique during lone rescuer infant manikin CPR.

Abstract Objective Infant CPR guidelines recommend two-finger chest compression with a lone rescuer and two-thumb with two rescuers. Two-thumb provides better chest compression but is perceived to be associated with increased ventilation hands-off time. We hypothesized that lone rescuer two-thumb CPR is associated with increased ventilation cycle time, decreased ventilation quality and fewer chest compressions compared to two-finger CPR in an infant manikin model. Design Crossover observational study randomizing 34 healthcare providers to perform 2min CPR at a compression rate of 100min −1 using a 30:2 compression:ventilation ratio comparing two-thumb vs. two-finger techniques. Methods A Laerdal™ Baby ALS Trainer manikin was modified to digitally record compression rate, compression depth and compression pressure and ventilation cycle time (two mouth-to-mouth breaths). Manikin chest rise with breaths was video recorded and later reviewed by two blinded CPR instructors for percent effective breaths. Data (mean±SD) were analyzed using a two-tailed paired t -test. Significance was defined qualitatively as p ≤0.05. Result Mean % effective breaths were 90±18.6% in two-thumb and 88.9±21.1% in two-finger, p =0.65. Mean time (s) to deliver two mouth-to-mouth breaths was 7.6±1.6 in two-thumb and 7.0±1.5 in two-finger, p p =0.0005. Two-thumb resulted in significantly higher compression depth and compression pressure compared to the two-finger technique. Conclusion Healthcare providers required 0.6s longer time to deliver two breaths during two-thumb lone rescuer infant CPR, but there was no significant difference in percent effective breaths delivered between the two techniques. Two-thumb CPR had 4 fewer delivered compressions per minute, which may be offset by far more effective compression depth and compression pressure compared to two-finger technique.
Multi-phase 1GHz voltage doubler charge-pump in 32nm logic process

Multi-phase 1GHz charge-pump in 32nm logic process demonstrates a compact area (159X42µm2) for boosting 2Vth to 3–4Vth. Self contained clocking with metal-finger capacitors enable embedding voltage boost functionality in close proximity to digital logic for supplying low current Vmin requirement of logic blocks. Multi-phase operation avoids the need for a storage reservoir capacitor, enables fast (5ns) ON/OFF output transition, and provides a gated power delivery solution for blocks having state-preservation Vmin requirements. Charge pump operates as 1V to 2V doubler with ≫5mA capability.
Extracting coherent coda arrivals from cross‐correlations of long period seismic waves during the Mount St. Helens 2004 eruption

[1] We computed cross-correlations of seismic waves generated by Long-Period (LP) events in the frequency band [0.8–2.2 Hz]. The data were recorded in the vicinity of Mount St Helens (MSH) during an eruptive period from September to December 2004. The time symmetric coherent coda arrivals of the time-derivative of the cross-correlation function (DCF), resulting from scattering and topographic effects in MSH area, correspond to arrivals of the Green's function (GF) between the two stations. The DCF waveforms computed on an hourly basis show a remarkable consistency over time periods of several hours but show temporal variations on longer time-scales. We investigated the emergence rate of the symmetric arrivals of the DCF and discussed their potential applications for volcano monitoring.
Model-base structures to support adaptive planning in command/control systems

The basic rationale for an organization to constitute itself as a command/control system is to increase its potential for coping with particularly perilous, volatile and ill-constrained competitive environments. One characteristic common to such environments is the likelihood of confrontation by unanticipated or unplanned for situations. The emergence of such a situation might require adaptive planning, yet as things now stand, there is virtually nothing in the way of a consensus on the sorts of technical facilities that might help support adaptive planning. Prospects are explored for the development of two classes of model-base structures-categorical and template-driven-both of which are intended to allow command/control systems to significantly accelerate the performance of certain key planning-related activities. >
Verapamil P-glycoprotein Transport across the Rat Blood-Brain Barrier: Cyclosporine, a Concentration Inhibition Analysis, and Comparison with Human Data

To predict the magnitude of P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-based drug interactions at the human blood-brain barrier (BBB), rodent studies are routinely conducted where P-gp is chemically inhibited. For such studies to be predictive of interactions at the human BBB, the plasma concentration of the P-gp inhibitor must be comparable with that observed in the clinic. Therefore, we determined the in vivo EC(50) of P-gp inhibition at the rat BBB using verapamil as a model P-gp substrate and cyclosporine A (CsA) as the model P-gp inhibitor. Under isoflurane anesthesia, male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered i.v. CsA to achieve pseudo steady-state CsA blood concentrations ranging from 0 to approximately 12 microM. Then, an i.v. tracer dose of [(3)H]verapamil was administered, and 20 min after verapamil administration, the animals were sacrificed for determination of blood, plasma, and brain (3)H radioactivity by scintillation counting. The percentage increase in the brain/blood (3)H radioactivity (relative to 0 microM CsA) was described by the Hill equation with E(max), 1290%; EC(50), 7.2 microM; and gamma, 3.8. Previously, using [(11)C]verapamil, we have shown that the human brain/blood (11)C radioactivity was increased by 79% at 2.8 microM CsA blood concentration. At an equivalent CsA blood concentration, the rat brain/blood (3)H radioactivity was increased by a remarkably similar extent of 75%. This is the first time that an in vivo CsA EC(50) of P-gp inhibition at the rat BBB has been determined and the magnitude of such inhibition was compared between the rat and the human BBB at the same blood CsA concentration.
Hyperfine structure in 229gTh3+ as a probe of the 229gTh→ 229mTh nuclear excitation energy.

We identify a potential means to extract the $^{229g}\mathrm{Th}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{229m}\mathrm{Th}$ nuclear excitation energy from precision microwave spectroscopy of the $5{F}_{5/2,7/2}$ hyperfine manifolds in the ion ${^{229g}\mathrm{Th}}^{3+}$. The hyperfine interaction mixes this ground fine structure doublet with states of the nuclear isomer, introducing small but observable shifts to the hyperfine sublevels. We demonstrate how accurate atomic structure calculations may be combined with the measurement of the hyperfine intervals to quantify the effects of this mixing. Further knowledge of the magnetic dipole decay rate of the isomer, as recently reported, allows an indirect determination of the nuclear excitation energy.
An 8-b 85-MS/s parallel pipeline A/D converter in 1- mu m CMOS

A new architecture consisting of a time-interleaved array of pipelined analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is presented. A prototype has been designed consisting of four switched-capacitor (S/C) multistage pipelined ADCs in parallel. Hardware cost is minimized by sharing resistor strings, bias circuitry and clock generation circuitry over the array. Digital error correction is employed to ease comparator accuracy requirements. Techniques are employed to minimize the effect of mismatches across the array. A key circuit issue is the design of a high-speed sample-and-hold (S/H) amplifier: a fully differential, mostly NMOS, non-folded-cascode operational-amplifier topology is used. An experimental chip was implemented in 1- mu m CMOS and 8-b resolution at a sample rate of 85 megasamples per second (MS/s) was obtained. Signal-to-noise plus distortion (S/(N+D)) was 41 dB for an input sinusoid of 40 MHz. >
An Interview with Ronald A. Howard

Ronald A. Howard has contributed substantially to defining the field of decision analysis since his first publication using that term in 1966 (Howard 1966). He has been a professor at the School of Engineering at Stanford since 1965, currently teaching an average of 450 students per year and having had 86 Ph.D. students in the last 44 years. In addition to numerous journal publications, Ron Howard has authored five books, including one very recent book on ethical decision making (Howard 1960, 1971; Howard and Matheson 1977, 1984; Howard and Korver 2008). He earned his Sc.D. in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1958. Prior to joining the Stanford faculty, Howard was associate professor of electrical engineering, associate professor of industrial management, and associate director of the Operations Research Center at MIT. In 1986 he received the Frank P. Ramsey Award for “distinguished contributions in decision analysis.” Professor Howard was also a cofounder of Strategic Decisions Group (a private consulting firm) and the Decision Education Foundation (a philanthropic educational foundation). Earlier this year I had the pleasure of interviewing Professor Howard to discuss his life and his experiences in academia and business, as well as his current directions.
Hb Lake Tapawingo [α46(CE4)Phe→Ser; HBA2:c.140T>C]: a new unstable α chain hemoglobin variant associated with low systemic arterial saturation.

A new unstable α-globin variant was detected in a child with hypoxemia and anemia. The child’s mother was found to carry the same mutation. The hemoglobin (Hb) variant co-eluted with Hb A2 by cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and appeared cathodal to Hb A and anodal to Hb F by isoelectric focusing. It represented less than 20% of the total Hb and was unstable by isopropanol testing. Gene sequencing identified a missense mutation on the α2 gene [HBA2:c.140T>C]. Oxygen dissociation and P50 test results were normal.
Discourse and dichotomies: The structure of ritual theory

(1987). Discourse and dichotomies: The structure of ritual theory. Religion: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 95-118.
SHH-N upregulates Sfrp2 to mediate its competitive interaction with WNT1 and WNT4 in the somitic mesoderm

Dorsoventral polarity of the somitic mesoderm is established by competitive signals originating from adjacent tissues. The ventrally located notochord provides the ventralizing signals to specify the sclerotome, while the dorsally located surface ectoderm and dorsal neural tube provide the dorsalizing signals to specify the dermomyotome. Noggin and SHH-N have been implicated as the ventralizing signals produced by the notochord. Members of the WNT family of proteins, on the other hand, have been implicated as the dorsalizing signals derived from the ectoderm and dorsal neural tube. When presomitic explants are confronted with cells secreting SHH-N and WNT1 simultaneously, competition to specify the sclerotome and dermomyotome domains within the naive mesoderm can be observed. Here, using these explant cultures, we provide evidence that SHH-N competes with WNT1, not only by upregulating its own receptor Ptc1, but also by upregulating Sfrp2 (Secreted frizzled-related protein 2), which encodes a potential WNT antagonist. Among the four known Sfrps, Sfrp2 is the only member expressed in the sclerotome and upregulated by SHH-N recombinant protein. We further show that SFRP2-expressing cells can reduce the dermomyotome-inducing activity of WNT1 and WNT4, but not that of WNT3a. Together, our results support the model that SHH-N at least in part employs SFRP2 to reduce WNT1/4 activity in the somitic mesoderm.
An infrastructure for adaptive dynamic optimization

Dynamic optimization is emerging as a promising approach to overcome many of the obstacles of traditional static compilation. But while there are a number of compiler infrastructures for developing static optimizations, there are very few for developing dynamic optimizations. We present a framework for implementing dynamic analyses and optimizations. We provide an interface for building external modules, or clients, for the DynamoRIO dynamic code modification system. This interface abstracts away many low-level details of the DynamoRIO runtime system while exposing a simple and powerful, yet efficient and lightweight API. This is achieved by restricting optimization units to linear streams of code and using adaptive levels of detail for representing instructions. The interface is not restricted to optimization and can be used for instrumentation, profiling, dynamic translation, etc. To demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of our framework, we implemented several optimizations. These improve the performance of some applications by as much as 40% relative to native execution. The average speedup relative to base DynamoRIO performance is 12%.
A simple but efficient broadcasting protocol for video-on-demand

We present a simple fixed-delay broadcasting (SFDB) protocol for video-on-demand. Our protocol assumes that each video to be broadcast will be partitioned into segments of equal duration to be transmitted over a fixed number of video channels. In addition, it requires all customers to wait for the same fixed delay before watching the video they have selected. Our protocol uses time-division multiplexing to obtain the best transmission schedule for the channel that broadcasts the first segments of the video. The same multiplexing scheme is then reproduced on all the remaining channels. Despite its simplicity, our simple fixed delay broadcasting protocol achieves waiting times comparable to those of much more sophisticated broadcasting protocols. We also show how the protocol can be modified to handle set-top boxes that cannot receive data at more than two or three times the video consumption rate.
Cell surface localization and release of the candidate tumor suppressor Ecrg4 from polymorphonuclear cells and monocytes activate macrophages.

We identified fresh human leukocytes as an abundant source of the candidate epithelial tumor suppressor gene, Ecrg4, an epigenetically regulated gene, which unlike other tumor suppressor genes, encodes an orphan-secreted, ligand-like protein. In human cell lines, Ecrg4 gene expression was low, Ecrg4 protein undetectable, and Ecrg4 promoter hypermethylation high (45–90%) and reversible by the methylation inhibitor 5-AzaC. In contrast, Ecrg4 gene expression in fresh, normal human PBMCs and PMNs was 600–800 times higher than in cultured cell lines, methylation of the Ecrg4 promoter was low (<3%), and protein levels were readily detectable in lysates and on the cell surface. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescent staining, and cell surface biotinylation established that full-length, 14-kDa Ecrg4 was localized on PMN and monocyte cell surfaces, establishing that Ecrg4 is a membrane-anchored protein. LPS treatment induced processing and release of Ecrg4, as detected by flow and immunoblotting, whereas an effect of fMLF treatment on Ecrg4 on the PMN cell surface was detected on the polarized R2 subpopulation of cells. This loss of cell surface Ecrg4 was associated with the detection of intact and processed Ecrg4 in the conditioned media of fresh leukocytes and was shown to be associated with the inflammatory response that follows severe, cutaneous burn injury. Furthermore, incubation of macrophages with a soluble Ecrg4-derived peptide increased the P-p65, suggesting that processing of an intact sentinel Ecrg4 on quiescent circulating leukocytes leads to processing from the cell surface following injury and macrophage activation.
Video coding with fixed-length packetization for a tandem channel

A robust scheme is presented for the efficient transmission of packet video over a tandem wireless Internet channel. This channel is assumed to have bit errors (due to noise and fading on the wireless portion of the channel) and packet erasures (due to congestion on the wired portion). First, we propose an algorithm to optimally switch between intracoding and intercoding for a video coder that operates on a packet-switched network with fixed-length packets. Different re-synchronization schemes are considered and compared. This optimal mode selection algorithm is integrated with an efficient channel encoder, a cyclic redundancy check outer coder concatenated with an inner rate-compatible punctured convolutional coder. The system performance is both analyzed and simulated. Last, the framework is extended to operate on a time-varying wireless Internet channel with feedback information from the receiver. Both instantaneous feedback and delayed feedback are evaluated, and an improved method of refined distortion estimation for encoding is presented and simulated for the case of delayed feedback.
Two and Three-Dimensional Slide Images Used with Tachistoscopic Training Techniques in Instructing High School Football Players in Defenses

Abstract In this study, two and three-dimensional slides were made of eight defensive formations as though viewed from six offensive positions in the line (excepting center) and the quarterback position. Two equated groups were trained tachistoscopically at 1/100 sec. with their respective slide series. The group trained with two-dimensional slides had a higher percentage of correct responses (79.3%). After slide training, when tested at one second on football defensive formations with line players, both groups were able to identify the formations with equal accuracy (approximately 95%).
Artificial red cells. A link between the membrane skeleton and RES detectability

Factors governing nonspecific reticuloendothelial system (RES)-detectability are largely unknown. Will a liposome that mimics the lipid composition of the outer leaflet of the erythrocyte membrane be invisible to the RES? On both experimental and theoretical grounds we believe the answer is no, in part because 1) sorption of proteins is believed to be important in determining RES uptake, 2) a membrane skeleton is apparently necessary to inhibit protein sorption into erythrocyte membranes and 3) Neohemocytes (a liposome encapsulated hemoglobin product) currently lack a membrane skeleton. Neohemocytes with erythrocyte outer leaflet lipid composition do have extended circulation half-times, but these are at least two orders of magnitude shorter than the circulation half-times of erythrocytes. How might a membrane skeleton modulate RES-detectability? Can avoidance of opsonization result in part from the properties of the membrane skeleton? If so, then how? To explore and quantify such questions we have developed a theoretical, statistical-thermodynamic model of protein binding into membranes. It predicts that the membrane area available for rapid lateral diffusion is critically important in controlling the amount of sorbed protein per unit area, and that a membrane skeleton can reduce a protein's sorption by several orders of magnitude. Based on theoretical results, we offer a speculative model for the detection of non-self lipid bilayers by the RES.
Playoff Profits for Academic Programs

This short essay proposes a step towards re-legitimizing the cooperative relationship between the university and athletics. For too long, the university has enabled the athletic enterprise to profit and grow, while it received only tangential, albeit in some cases significant, benefits. This essay, then, argues that the NCAA and university presidents should demonstrate that the university really controls intercollegiate athletics, and not vice-versa, by having academic programs directly profit from the financial success of intercollegiate athletics. Specifically, this essay proposes the creation of “postseason revenue earmarks” — a set aside of profits from postseason football and basketball competitions to benefit and grow academic programs.
Natural Support Systems of Puerto Ricans: A Key Dimension for Well-Being

The support that minority individuals received from their natural support systems allows them to cope with an environment that includes racism, crime, poverty, and poor housing conditions. The importance of natural support systems thus may have implications for human service providers. The findings from a study that examined whether Puerto Rican individuals who receive more support from their natural support systems are less likely to experience stress and emotional, substance abuse, and family problems are presented.
Visualizing microtubule structural transitions and interactions with associated proteins

Microtubules (MTs) have been the subject of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies since the birth of this technique. Although MTs pose some unique challenges, having to do with the presence of a MT seam, lattice variability and disorder, MT cryo-EM reconstructions are steadily improving in resolution and providing exciting new insights into MT structure and function. Recent work has lead to the atomic-detail visualization of lateral contacts between tubulin subunits and the conformational changes that give rise to strain in the MT lattice accompanying GTP hydrolysis. Cryo-EM has also been invaluable in describing the interactions between MTs and MT associated proteins (MAPs), which function to regulate MT dynamic instability, move cargoes, or contribute to other MT cellular processes.
Dynamic IDS Configuration in the Presence of Intruder Type Uncertainty

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) assume increasingly importance in past decades as information systems become ubiquitous. Despite the abundance of intrusion detection algorithms developed so far, there is still no single detection algorithm or procedure that can catch all possible intrusions; also, simultaneously running all these algorithms may not be feasible for practical IDSs due to resource limitation. For these reasons, effective IDS configuration becomes crucial for real-time intrusion detection. However, the uncertainty in the intruder's type and the (often unknown) dynamics involved with the target system pose challenges to IDS configuration. Considering these challenges, the IDS configuration problem is formulated as an incomplete information stochastic game in this work, and a new algorithm, Bayesian Nash-Q learning, that combines conventional reinforcement learning with a Bayesian type identification procedure is proposed. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can identify the intruder's type with high fidelity and provide effective configuration.
E.P. Thompson in South Africa: The Practice and Politics of Social History in an Era of Revolt and Transition, 1976–2012

The work of E.P. Thompson has had an enormous impact on the writing of history in South Africa since the 1970s. This article traces the rise of this historiographical trend, focusing especially on the History Workshop at Wits University (Johannesburg). It outlines how a South African version of Thompsonian historical practice was theorized, and sketches some of the ways in which Thompson’s ideas were utilized by South African historians. The article shows how the History Workshop attempted to popularize their research, and examines the political projects behind these activities. Finally, the article suggests that although the influence of Thompson-style South African social historians has declined, their work has had a lasting impact on the country’s literary culture, well beyond the academy.
The Inherent Jurisdiction of Federal Courts to Enforce Settlement Agreements in Dismissed Cases

This article previws the issues and arguments in Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Insurance Co., on the Supreme Court’s appellate docket for the 1993-94 Term. The primary question before the Court addresses whether a federal district court have inherent or ancillary jurisdiction, after dismissal of a case, to enforce a settlement agreement entered on the record, when the action is no longer pending before the court and there are no independent jurisdictional grounds for federal assertion of enforcement authority?Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, which means that the jurisdictional reach of federal courts is circumscribed by Article III of the United States Constitution and federal statutes. Broadly speaking, federal courts have the authority to hear cases and controversies arising under their federal question jurisdiction or under diversity jurisdiction. In addition to these constitutional and statutory bases for federal court jurisdiction, the federal courts have developed doctrines of supplemental and ancillary jurisdiction over parties and claims that are related to the case-in-chief. The Supreme Court has validated these jurisdictional doctrines and, within the last two years, Congress has enacted a supplemental jurisdictional statute. Kokkonen's appeal to the Supreme Court requires the Court to examine whether the doctrine of inherent court power supplies an additional source of federal court jurisdiction.Kokkonen is a significant case to the extent that the Supreme Court chooses to elaborate on the theory of inherent jurisdiction of the federal courts. In a sense, the adversarial briefs in this case talk past each other: one side (Kokkonen) has framed the central issue in terms of the inherent power of the federal courts, while the other side (Guardian Life) has characterized the central issue as one of ancillary jurisdiction.The Supreme Court's challenge is to elucidate whether these are separate concepts and, perhaps, more important, whether either theory supports court supervision of a settlement agreement under the particular facts in this case. The broadest question presented by this case relates to the fundamental meaning of the concept of limited jurisdiction. Kokkonen also raises a host of policy questions about the role of federal courts in supervising the enforcement of their own orders and decrees. The Court here is faced with possibly determining whether ordinary settlement agreements are different in kind than consent decrees in institutional litigation. The Court may have to construe whether private-party settlements are more matters of private contract law than public interest law, cases in which federal courts traditionally have engaged in continuing court supervision and implementation.
Controllability of Formations Over Directed Time-Varying Graphs

In this paper, we investigate the controllability of a class of formation control systems. Given a directed graph, we assign an agent to each of its vertices and let the edges of the graph describe the information flow in the system. We relate the strongly connected components of this graph to the reachable set of the formation control system. Moreover, we show that the formation control model is approximately path-controllable over a path-connected, open dense subset as long as the graph is weakly connected and satisfies some mild assumption on the numbers of vertices of the strongly connected components.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Injuries and Their Influencing Factors in Pudong New Area,Shanghai

[Objective] To study the incidence of injuries and their epidemiological characteristics among residents in Pudong,and find out their influencing factors.[Methods] Retrospective survey was conducted in 16 661 residents through two-stage PPS cluster sampling without replacement method.The incidence and composition of injuries as well as non-conditional logistic regression models were used to describe their epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors.[Results] The incidence rate of injuries was 1.72%.Male to female radio was 1.29∶1.The major places where injuries occurred were at home and on street.The major activities when injuries occurred were housework and working.The major injured parts were lower limbs with the main clinical manifestations of fractures,open wounds and crush injuries.The top 5 causes were accidental falls,collisions,traffic accidents,cuts,and burns and scalds,in which accidental falling was the main cause for injury occurred in all age groups.Insufficient sleep,use of psychotropic drugs and low level of injury prevention knowledge were important risk factors for injury.[Conclusion] In order to prevent injuries,attention should be paid to not only its epidemiological characteristics,but also in-depth the wide variety of injury-related risk factors and their mechanisms,and then the establishment of local intervention strategies or measures.Data collection should be completed by the joint efforts of injury out-patient departments,injury surveillance for focused age and work groups,and community injury surveys.
Soapwort Saporin L3 Expression in Yeast, Mutagenesis, and RNA Substrate Specificity.

Saporin L3 from Saponaria officinalis (soapwort) leaves is a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of oligonucleotide adenylate N-ribosidic bonds to release adenine from rRNA. Depurination sites include both adenines in the GAGA tetraloop of short sarcin-ricin stem-loops and multiple adenines within eukaryotic rRNA, tRNAs, and mRNAs. Multiple Escherichia coli vector designs for saporin L3 expression were attempted but demonstrated high toxicity even during plasmid maintenance and selection in E. coli nonexpression strains. Saporin L3 is >103 times more efficient at RNA deadenylation on short GAGA stem-loops than saporin S6, the saporin isoform currently used in immunotoxin clinical trials. We engineered a construct for the His-tagged saporin L3 to test for expression in Pichia pastoris when it is linked to the protein export system for the yeast α-mating factor. DNA encoding saporin L3 was cloned into a pPICZαB expression vector and expressed in P. pastoris under the alcohol de...
Labwaarden : Acute nierinsuffi ciëntie

Als verpleegkundige is het handig te weten waar artsen naar kijken bij labonderzoeken en hoe labwaarden te interpreteren zijn. Deze maand: acute nierinsuffi cientie.
1D and 2D Solid State NMR of Homonuclear Systems using Magic Angle Spinning

Homonuclear two dimensional NMR techniques for liquids are one of the most important developments of the last two decades. However, many of these useful techniques have not been routinely applied to solids. The majority of homonuclear two dimensional NMR experiments depend on the presence of resolvable scalar couplings. In solids the non-commutativity of the dipolar coupling with the chemical shift for pairs of homonuclear spins has been shown to lead to severe broadening of the NMR lineshape even under MAS. In spite of these problems it can be shown that MAS spectra with resolved J couplings can be observed even when the differences in the anisotropic chemical shifts of coupled pairs of spins are the same order of magnitude as their dipolar coupling. To demonstrate that in many cases it is possible to perform two dimensional NMR experiments in the solid state on strongly coupled homonuclear spin systems, several compounds containing coupled pairs of 31P nuclei have been investigated.
The Unfunded Worksite Wellness Program

The Texas Medical Center Library in Houston, Texas, established a worksite wellness program using strategies from the National Network of Libraries of Medicine, South Central Region’s training course on cultivating workplace wellness. A committee guides the program with support from library leadership. Space in the building is designated as a wellness room and furnished with donated equipment. Pay-as-you-go massage therapy and yoga classes are offered on site. Donations and fundraising initiatives provide support for low-cost initiatives. The worksite wellness program was implemented without any institutional funding and contributes to the creation of a healthy workplace culture.
Studies on Drying and Drying Characteristics of Tomato

Dehydrated tomato products (pieces, slices) were prepared to study the effect of drying time on moisture content and drying rate. The tomato pieces and slices (5, 10, 15 mm thick) were treated with citric acid (0.1%) and NaCl (2%) and further dried in tray dryer (55 ± 2 o C). Another sample was prepared by removing peel and cutting into pieces further dried in tray dryer at 55 ± 2 o C. Drying curves were plotted and drying behaviour was studied. Total drying time of 12 to 28 h was required to dry the material to about 7 to 8.1 per cent, d.b. moisture content. Drying rate varied between 919.48 to 0.84 g/100 g for all tomato products. Drying of tomato pieces/slices was followed in the falling rate period. Dehydration ratio varied between 15.5:1 and 16.9:1 for all dehydrated tomato products.
The allure of simplicity: Scripted curricula and equity

Abstract New York State offered schools scripted curricular modules to assist in meeting the Common Core State Standards. Reports of teacher concerns about rushed and rigid implementation led to qualitative in-depth interviews with general and special educators utilizing the EngageNY modules. While participants expressed appreciation for aspects of the modules, they articulated an alarming ideology that inequities (including disability and poverty) could be remedied by holding students to high standards. As scripted curricula gain popularity within and outside of the U.S. our findings suggest an urgency to interrogate simplified notions of equity and the resulting loss of teacher knowledge and expertise.
Ani-Bot: A Mixed-Reality Modular Robotics System

We present Ani-Bot, a modular robotics system that allows users to construct Do-It-Yourself (DIY) robots and use mixed-reality approach to interact with them. Ani-Bot enables novel user experience by embedding Mixed-Reality Interaction (MRI) in the three phases of interacting with a modular construction kit, namely, Creation, Tweaking, and Usage. In this paper, we first present the system design that allows users to instantly perform MRI once they finish assembling the robot. Further, we discuss the augmentations offered by MRI in the three phases in specific.
Kinetics of lipid metabolism in cancer cells (Conference Presentation)

Epithelial breast cells, which are involved in the production of milk fats, display altered lipid metabolism when they grow more malignant. At the same time, breast cancer cells show a higher degree of glycolysis, a mechanism to meet an increased demand for biomass as cells proliferate. Somewhat counterintuitively, breast cancer cells exhibit lower amounts of stored lipid, while glycolysis rates are up. We have investigated the kinetics of glycolysis, lipid synthesis, and lipid consumption rates in healthy and diseased epithelial breast cells. Using stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy of deuterated precursors, the cellular chemistry can be followed in space and time, revealing a clear link between glycolytic rate and the kinetics of lipid metabolism.
Street Participatory Action Research in Prison: A Methodology to Challenge Privilege and Power in Correctional Facilities:

This article presents a prison research model grounded in street participatory action research (Street PAR) methodology but programmatically facilitated in an Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program cla...
Magnetic exchange constant in Zn1-xMnxTe.

The magnetic exchange constant J/k for isolated pairs of nearest-neighbor Mn ions in ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{\mathrm{x}}$Te has been determined by neutron inelastic scattering to be -8.79\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.14 K.
Whole Genome Methylation Profiling by Immunoprecipitation of Methylated DNA

I provide a protocol for DNA methylation profiling based on immunoprecipitation of methylated DNA using commercially available monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognize 5-methylcytosine. Quantification of the level of enrichment of the resulting DNA enables DNA methylation to be assayed for any genomic locus, including entire chromosomes or genomes if appropriate microarray or high-throughput sequencing platforms are used. In previous studies (1, 2), I have used hybridization to oligonucleotide arrays from Roche Nimblegen Inc, which allow any genomic region of interest to be interrogated, dependent on the array design. For example, using modern tiling arrays comprising millions of oligonucleotide probes, several complete human chromosomes can be assayed at densities of one probe per 100 bp or greater, sufficient to yield high-quality data. However, other methods such as quantitative real-time PCR or high-throughput sequencing can be used, giving either measurement of methylation at a single locus or across the entire genome, respectively. While the data produced by single locus assays is relatively simple to analyze and interpret, global assays such as microarrays or high-throughput sequencing require more complex statistical approaches in order to effectively identify regions of differential methylation, and a brief outline of some approaches is given.
WebCop: locating neighborhoods of malware on the web

In this paper, we propose WebCop to identify malicious web pages and neighborhoods of malware on the internet. Using a bottom-up approach, telemetry data from commercial Anti-Malware (AM) clients running on millions of computers first identify malware distribution sites hosting malicious executables on the web. Next, traversing hyperlinks in a web graph constructed from a commercial search engine crawler in the reverse direction quickly discovers malware landing pages linking to the malware distribution sites. In addition, the malicious distribution sites and web graph are used to identify neighborhoods of malware, locate additional executables distributed on the internet which may be unknown malware and identify false positives in AM signatures. We compare the malicious URLs generated by the proposed method with those found by a commercial, drive-by download approach and show that lists are independent; both methods can be used to identify malware on the internet and help protect end users.
RATIONAL-EMOTIVE ASSESSMENT WITH RELIGIOUS CLIENTS

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), when practiced effectively and flexibly, can be an excellent treatment modality for religious clients. Most of the American population acknowledges some religious belief and/or practice and religious clients sometimes present with unique disturbances and concerns about psychotherapy. In this article we discuss the rapidly changing literature relative to religiousness and mental health and highlight the ethical-professional risks of failing to carefully assess and responsibly manage client religiousness when it is personally and clinically salient. We conclude by outlining a model for focused assessment of religiousness early in REBT and recommend that REBT practitioners consider different components of religiousness and the manner in which they may impact response to treatment.
High-Capacity Fingerprint Recognition System based on a Dynamic Memory-Capacity Estimation Technique

Estimating the current memory capacity of a neural network based recognition system is critical to maximally use the available memory capacity in memorizing new inputs without exceeding the limit of the capacity (catastrophic forgetting). In this paper, we propose a dynamic approach to monitoring a network's memory capacity. Prior works in this area have presented static expressions dependent on neuron count N, forcing to assume the worst-case input characteristics for bias and correlation when setting the capacity of the network. Instead, our technique operates simultaneously with the learning of a Hopfield network and concludes with a capacity estimate based on the patterns which were stored. By continuously updating the crosstalk associated with the stored patterns, our model guards the network against overwriting its memory traces and exceeding its capacity. We designed a fingerprint recognition system based on our dynamic estimation technique. With the experiment using NIST Special Database 10, the system achieves 2.7 to 8X larger memory-capacity as compared to the baseline systems using the static capacity estimates.
Microfiltration in Pharmaceutics and Biotechnology

Abstract This chapter reviews the use of microfiltration membranes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries as well as recent advances in microfiltration processes. Applications include cell harvesting and concentration, product separation from cell debris, and microbe and virus removal. Microfiltration technologies include both deadend and crossflow geometries, as well as methods for fouling control. Recent advances in alternating tangential-flow filtration, continuous processing, and single-use disposable technologies are highlighted. These new advances may lead to increased use of microfiltration for cell harvesting and primary product separation, which have largely relied on centrifugation and depth filtration in recent years.