cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
CORPUS LUTEUM—CONCEPTUS—FOLLICLE RELATIONSHIPS DURING THE FERTILE CYCLE IN RHESUS MONKEYS: PREGNANCY MAINTENANCE DESPITE EARLY LUTEAL REMOVAL

To determine how early in pregnancy cyclic follicle growth is interrupted, 6 pregnant monkeys were luteectomized (CLX) on day 29 or 30 of the cycle (approximately 1 week after implantation) to abbreviate the fertile cycle to approximately the length of nonfertile cycles. Unexpectedly, 3 of 6 monkeys remained pregnant despite early removal of luteal support. In the remainder, which aborted, the next ovulation was delayed beyond the interval typically observed after CLX in nonfertile cycles. Two of 4 other monkeys ovariectomized on day 29 also maintained their pregnancies. Our findings demonstrate that: 1) in 5 of 10 monkeys, the conceptus could survive without luteal support within a week after luteal rescue, and 2) secretion(s) of the conceptus also contribute to an arrest of cyclic follicle growth early in pregnancy.
The Effect of Continuous and Limited Administration of Reserpine on the Reproductive Performance of Turkey Hens

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine if either continuous or limited administration of reserpine may effect reproductive performance of B. B. White turkey breeder hens. The basis for this investigation was age of administration prior to initiation of egg production. The basic concept for the project was based upon the premise that a low level of reserpine administered at this stage of sexual maturity and continuing for a 10-week period of egg production may have a stimulatory effect on reproductive performance. The treatments involved 0, 0.5 and 1.0 p.p.m. of reserpine in the feed for a period of three weeks prior to onset of ovulation or continued for a 10-week reproductive period. A significant depression in fertility was recorded although no changes in egg production or hatch of fertile eggs were recorded. There was no apparent influence on time of administration or reproductive performance as defined by the parameters of the investigation.
Novel agents for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Science and the promise

There has been tremendous insight gained in the last two decades from basic science research. New molecular targets in neoplastic cells are emerging and provide the rationale for clinical development of novel agents in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. These novel agents can be broadly categorized into two groups. The first is by immunotherapy which includes novel monoclonal antibodies and immunomodulating drugs, which takes advantage of or optimizes immune system function. The other group of drugs target small molecules that may play an important role in tumorigenesis. The mechanisms of anti-tumor activity include targeting apoptotic pathways, inhibition of proteasomes, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), cyclin-dependent kinases and histone deacetylases. The purpose of this review is to focus on these novel agents and the various treatment approaches that are currently being evaluated in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Growth and Properties of Carbon Microcoils and Nanocoils

Various types of coiled carbon filaments have been synthesized using chemical vapor deposition and other methods. These carbon filaments exhibit unique electrical and mechanical properties due to their versatile shapes and structures. To form coiled shapes, different types of catalyst compositions and reactive gases have been explored. Generally, coiled carbon filaments are classified by coil diameter and shape (e.g., microcoil and nanocoil). In this review, coiled carbon filaments are classified into three growth mechanism categories: (1) bidirectional double helical growth; (2) bidirectional twisted growth; and (3) tip single helical or twisted growth. Next, their synthesis methods and hypothetical growth mechanisms are discussed. Then, their electrical and mechanical properties are listed. Finally, potential applications and uses of coiled carbon filament are mentioned.
Oncogenicity of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-2-propynyl carbamate for rats

Abstract 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-2-propynyl carbamate was given throughout life to groups of 10 male and 10 female Harlan rats by incorporation in the food at levels of 0, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1%. One female and 3 males had intracranial tumors after 218, 260, 294 and 540 days. There was a high incidence of other tumor types. These occurred earlier in females than in males, and many rats had multiple tumors, of the same and of different organs. Mammary adenocarcinoma was the most common tumor in females, whereas in males adenocarcinoma of the duodenum and upper jejunum predominated. The development of tumors in 56 of the 60 treated rats reveals the compound to be a potent oncogen.
Fluctuation of alkaline phosphatase activity in synchronized heteroploid cell cultures: effects of prednisolone

In two heteroploid cell lines synchronized with thymidine double block, activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased during the 12 hour period preceding mitotic peak. A return to high values was observed during the next 12 hours of synchronous cycle. Prednisolone (11β, 17α, 21-trihydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione), when added to such cell cultures increased alkaline phosphatase activity in one of the cell lines (Henle embryonic intestine) but had the opposite effect on another line (HeLa-S3) in which the enzyme activity was decreased. Neither effect could be demonstrated if the hormone was added at the end of S phase or if cells were arrested in metaphase by vinblastine sulfate.
Predictors of failure and success of tibial interventions for critical limb ischemia

Objective The efficacy of tibial artery endovascular intervention (TAEI) for critical limb ischemia (CLI) and particularly for wound healing is not fully defined. The purpose of this study is to determine predictors of failure and success for TAEI in the setting of CLI. Methods All TAEI for tissue loss or rest pain (Rutherford classes 4, 5, and 6) from 2004 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical outcomes and patency rates were analyzed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression and life table analysis. Results One hundred twenty-three limbs in 111 patients (62% male, mean age 74) were treated. Sixty-seven percent of patients were diabetics, 55% had renal insufficiency, and 21% required hemodialysis. One hundred two limbs (83%) exhibited tissue loss; all others had ischemic rest pain. All patients underwent tibial angioplasty (PTA). Tibial excimer laser atherectomy was performed in 14% of the patients. Interventions were performed on multiple tibial vessels in 20% of limbs. Isolated tibial procedures were performed on 50 limbs (41%), while 73 patients had concurrent ipsilateral superficial femoral artery or popliteal interventions. The mean distal popliteal and tibial runoff score improved from 11.8 ± 3.6 to 6.7 ± 1.6 ( P P P = .03) and the need for pedal intervention (HR = 13.75; P = .04). TAEI in an isolated peroneal artery (odds ratio=7.80; P = .01) was associated with impaired wound healing, whereas multilevel intervention (HR = 2.1; P = .009) and tibial laser atherectomy (HR = 3.1; P = .01) were predictors of wound healing. In patients with tissue loss, 41% achieved complete closure (mean time to healing, 10.7 ± 7.4 months), and 39% exhibited partial wound healing (mean follow up, 4.4 ± 4.8 months) at last follow up. Diabetes, smoking, statin therapy, and revascularization of >1 tibial vessel had no impact on limb salvage or wound healing. Re-intervention rate was 50% at 1 year. Conclusions TAEI is an effective treatment for CLI with acceptable limb salvage and wound healing rates, but requires a high rate of reintervention. Patients with renal failure, pedal disease, or isolated peroneal runoff have poor outcomes with TAEI and should be considered for surgical bypass.
The Xmn I site (-158, C----T) 5' to the G gamma gene: correlation with the Senegalese haplotype and G gamma globin expression.

There are three major African haplotypes associated with the sickle mutation: Benin (#19), Senegalese (#3), and Central African Repblic (#20). Previous studies have suggested that the Xmn I site (-158 bp 5′ to the Gγ gene) is associated with elevated levels of Gγ andwiththe Senegalesehaplotype, while other investigators questioned this association. In order to clarify theissue.we have determined βhalotypes, tested fortlie presenceof theXninI site, and measured HbF and Gγ expressionlevels in 143 AmericanBlackpatients with sickle cell anemia. Haplotypes were determined using eight polvmorphic sites in the β-like globin gene cluster: Hinc II 5′ to ϵ, Hind III in IVS-II Gγ and Aγ, Hinc II within and 3′ to φ β, Ava II in IVS-II of β, and Hpa I and Bani HI 3′ to β. The Gγ/Aγ ratio was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography using a C18 column. The Xmn I site was present in all 31chromosomes with the Sengalese haplotype. Of the remaining 255 chromosomes with other haplotypes, only 2 (0.8%) had the Xmn...
Comment on “Antiferromagnetic Short Range Order in a Two-Dimensional Manganite Exhibiting Giant Magnetoresistance”

A Comment on the Letter by T. G. Perring, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3197 (1997). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.
Bone development in black ducks as affected by dietary toxaphene

Abstract Black ducks, Anas rubripes, were exposed to dietary toxaphene concentrations of 0, 10, or 50 μg/g of food for 90 days prior to laying and through the reproductive season. Toxaphene did not affect reproduction or survival, but reduced growth and impaired backbone development in ducklings. Collagen, the organic matrix of bone, was decreased significantly in cervical vertebrae of ducklings fed 50 μg/g, and calcium conentrations increased in vertebrae of ducklings fed 10 or 50 μg/g. The effects of toxaphene were observed only in female ducklings. In contrast to effects on vertebrae, toxaphene exposure did not alter tibia development. Toxaphene residues in carcasses of these ducklings averaged slightly less than the dietary levels.
The ‘Culture’ of Exclusion: Representations of Indigenous Women Street Vendors in Tijuana, Mexico

Representations of indigenous women vendors are contrasted with the ways indigenous women see themselves. Some images are openly hostile, whereas others discriminate against these women through a form of paternalistic love. For example, the understanding of indigenous women as outsiders from different social spaces and deviants from middle-class gender norms suggests that they are ‘undeserving poor’ whose interests should not be considered. On the other hand, the concept of indigenous ‘culture,’ as defined and shaped by some non-Indian academics, has further marginalized Tijuana's indigenous migrants. While defending the right of indigenous migrants to use public spaces, academics have characterized manifestations of poverty as the traditions of this ethnic group.
Single-Center Comparative Oncologic Outcomes of Surgical and Percutaneous Cryoablation for Treatment of Renal Tumors

Abstract Purpose: To compare outcomes between patients undergoing surgical and percutaneous cryoablation for treatment of renal masses and identify prognostic variables that determine survival. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 194 patients who underwent cryoablation for renal tumors between 1997 and 2008 at a single large center. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, perioperative data, and follow-up details were recorded. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to identify predictors of overall (OS), cancer-specific (CSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: Cryoablation was performed percutaneously (PCA) in 141 patients for 154 tumors, while 53 patients were treated surgically (SCA) using an open or laparoscopic approach for 54 tumors. Mean follow-up was 44.5 months in SCA and 36.1 months in PCA. PCA had a shorter duration of hospital stay (0.7 days vs 3.2 days, P<0.0001). The rate of residual (P=0.38) and recur...
Systems simulation. Computer simulation of Freud's counterwill theory: Extension to elementary social behavior†

A model is presented describing decision processes of a living system at the level of the individual, together with its interpersonal relationship context (organism, subsystems, and suprasystem). The beginning point was the 1977 system dynamics model of Wegman, which was itself characterized by quantitative cross-level hypotheses concerning both physiological and psychological levels of functioning within the individual personality system The extension process was accomplished by synthesizing concepts from many different theories in personality and social psychology into equations linking two multiple-loop feedback systems to form a suprasystem. Each individual model was found to have several distinct operational modes, and the dyadic model had a number of interesting combinations of these modes which correlated with clinical descriptions of steady-state behavior and subjective experience in human marital dyads. For example, under certain conditions an individual operating in an unstable mode could achieve personal system stability within a dyadic relationship. In some cases, two unstable individuals could form a stable system The process of extending the original model supports the utility of a synthetic approach to the construction of quantitative theories concerning small social systems. This process also suggests new approaches to planning future empirical research on small social systems using methods more appropriate to the study of complex, dynamic systems.
Pancreatic necrosectomy: Definitions and technique

Pancreatic necrosis implies a permanent condition in which a portion of the pancreas loses its blood supply. This condition is irreversible, yet many cases of "necrosis" will, after recovery, culminate in a patient with a normal pancreas by computed tomography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The problem is in our definitions. An understanding of this disease through its related definitions is required before judgment deems "necrosectomy to be appropriate." These definitions are of pancreatic ductal disruption, peripancreatic fluid collections, pseudocyst, pancreatic abscess, and pancreatic necrosis. The technique of necrosectomy removes mature "necrosum" and is described in this article. Once necrosectomy is completed, the surgeon still depends on the continued support of interventional radiology through regular exchange of large-bore pancreatic drains. In our institution, many of these drain sites are placed at some time before necrosectomy. Once the team method has been implemented, the following improved outcomes will result--lowered need for necrosectomy and single digit mortality.
Extending PL/I for structured programming

General principles of structured programming, and practical aspects of applying those principles within the programming language PL/I, are discussed. Suitable extensions (and contractions) of that language are suggested.
Thermal imaging for affect detection

In this paper, we explore a thermal imaging approach to sensing affective state. Using features extracted from a thermal map of the face, obtained from a dataset consisting of 70 recordings of positive, negative, or neutral states, we show that we can effectively predict the presence of affect, with an error reduction of up to 50% as compared to a majority class baseline.
Instabilities of a persistent-photoconductivity semiconductor associated with heat transfer to a He-II film

An instability characterized by an S-shaped I-V characteristic of the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) of CdS crystals is explained by the heat transport across the interface of the crystal surface and a He-II film. The model is based on the complete evaporation of the He-II film, which occurs at a heat flux lower than the conventional peak flux in bulk liquid He-II, and furthers our understanding of supercriticality and the anomalous power dependence of the Kapitza resistance at the interface of solids and liquid He-II. The PPC, characteristic of compensated CdS at low temperatures, provides light-dose-dependent variable conductivity, a very useful degree of freedom for the heat-transfer investigations. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Genome-Scale Identification of Membrane-Associated Human mRNAs

The subcellular localization of proteins is critical to their biological roles. Moreover, whether a protein is membrane-bound, secreted, or intracellular affects the usefulness of, and the strategies for, using a protein as a diagnostic marker or a target for therapy. We employed a rapid and efficient experimental approach to classify thousands of human gene products as either “membrane-associated/secreted” (MS) or “cytosolic/nuclear” (CN). Using subcellular fractionation methods, we separated mRNAs associated with membranes from those associated with the soluble cytosolic fraction and analyzed these two pools by comparative hybridization to DNA microarrays. Analysis of 11 different human cell lines, representing lymphoid, myeloid, breast, ovarian, hepatic, colon, and prostate tissues, identified more than 5,000 previously uncharacterized MS and more than 6,400 putative CN genes at high confidence levels. The experimentally determined localizations correlated well with in silico predictions of signal peptides and transmembrane domains, but also significantly increased the number of human genes that could be cataloged as encoding either MS or CN proteins. Using gene expression data from a variety of primary human malignancies and normal tissues, we rationally identified hundreds of MS gene products that are significantly overexpressed in tumors compared to normal tissues and thus represent candidates for serum diagnostic tests or monoclonal antibody-based therapies. Finally, we used the catalog of CN gene products to generate sets of candidate markers of organ-specific tissue injury. The large-scale annotation of subcellular localization reported here will serve as a reference database and will aid in the rational design of diagnostic tests and molecular therapies for diverse diseases.
REFORM IN COMMUNITY COLLEGE GOVERNANCE: THE CALIFORNIA STORY

California's community colleges have been under fire since 1982 when calls for reform were initiated by a new governor and other state officials. Falling transfer rates, institutional financial exigencies causing some districts to require legislative bailouts, faculty unrest, curricular concerns and matriculation woes led to the formation of a Commission for the Review of the Master Plan for Education. The Commission studied the community college system intensively with resulting recommendations forming the framework for an omnibus reform bill introduced in the legislature. Assembly Bill 1725 contains legislation pertaining to mission, governance, funding, personnel practices, curriculum and instruction, and local district governance and operations. Its far‐reaching aspects were surveyed among local trustees, district chief executive officers, and campus presidents to ascertain the level of congruence of opinion regarding the critical elements of the legislation.
Agent-Based Learning Environments as a Research Tool for Investigating Teaching and Learning:

By using intelligent agents to simulate instruction, agent-based learning environments can serve as a powerful research tool to investigate teaching and learning. The agent metaphor provides a way to operationalize and simulate the “human” aspect of instruction in a more ecologically valid way than other controlled computer-based methods. Additionally, from an architectural perspective, since agents are independent objects in the learning environment, it allows for more flexibility in research design. In particular, agent-based learning environments with multiple agents, such as MIMIC (Multiple Intelligent Mentors Instructing Collaboratively), allow for investigating the effect of multiple mentors or multiple perspectives on a learning topic. Preliminary results from MIMIC research indicate that multiple agents can serve to effectively operationalize instructional theory. In terms of overall impact, creating agent-based learning environments to investigate instructional issues is at the leading edge of re...
Multifrequency EPR spectra of molecular oxygen in solid Air

Abstract Multifrequency EPR spectra in the 94 to 550 GHz range were performed on solid air samples condensed at 5 K in the waveguide of a single pass probe. The spectra of molecular oxygen were observed and interpreted in the frame of the spin Hamiltonian model as axial S = 1 spectra with a zero field splitting parameter D = 3.572(3) cm −1 . The result of this study is relevant in the field of high field–high frequency EPR application in which solid air O 2 is a common paramagnetic impurity.
A dense transparent ink-jet receptive film that provides instantaneous print drying

Ink-jet printing is an important image transfer technology. In this technology, the electronic capabilities are often constrained by shortcomings of materials functions. One of the constraints for fast reproduction of high-resolution photographic quality color images is the print dry time. This presents a challenge in the film technology where large quantities of solvent must be rapidly removed without transporting colorants outside the targeted areas. In this work, this is achieved by chemical immobilization of water by organic polymers incorporated into the film matrix. In this dense film, immobilization of large volumes of water becomes possible by a transient local swelling of the matrix—as much as 600–700%. This mechanism of water immobilization not only creates a virtually dry state instantaneously, but also leads to a tighter containment of colorants within the targeted areas, resulting in a significant improvement in edge acuity and image resolution. In addition, the film is printer and ink nonspecific and produces a high gloss on photographic paper.
How the elliptic integrals K and E arise from circles and points in the Minkowski plane

Various “self-circumferences” of unit circles placed on a Minkowskian plane are expressed in terms of elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds. Landen's transformation is interpreted in this geometric context, and the self-circumferences are estimated asymptotically in the case of circles whose boundaries come very close to the origin.
Ibogaine possesses a selective affinity for σ2 receptors

Abstract The alkaloid ibogaine is potentially useful to reduce craving for several drugs of abuse, but its mechanism of action is not known. In the current study, in vitro studies were conducted in order to determine the affinity of ibogaine for sigma receptors. Our results indicate that ibogaine has a relatively high affinity for σ2 receptors (Ki = 90.4 and 250 nM) and a significantly lower affinity for σ1 receptors (Ki = 9310 nM). These data suggest that ibogaine may have a higher affinity at σ2 receptors than any other known CNS receptor. Its low affinity for σ1 receptors also suggests that ibogaine may be a suitable lead compound for structure-activity relationship studies aimed at developing σ2-selective ligands.
Rowing injuries : Identifying and treating musculoskeletal and nonmusculoskeletal conditions

IN BRIEF: Rowing-whether on the water or with machines-is increasingly popular, and, as with any strenuous exercise, the potential for injury is high. Rowers may have common symptoms, such as low-back and knee pain, or more sport-specific problems such as rib stress fractures, nerve impingement, and blisters. Virtually all rowing injuries are due to overuse, and many can be traced to training errors or equipment problems. Understanding the mechanics of rowing, the equipment, and the training procedures is essential for the physician caring for injured rowers.
Cytotoxicity and Potential Carcinogenicity of Two Anthraquinone Dye Mixtures

AbstractTo evaluate the potential health hazard of two anthraquinone dye mixtures to be used in smoke grenades, five short-term tests were conducted using Fischer 344 rat pulmonary cells in culture. The five tests were designed to measure dye effects on (1) rat tracheal epithelial cell colony forming efficieny (2) rat tracheal epithelial cell neoplas-tic transformation, (3) rat pulmonary alveolar macrophage trypan blue exclusion, (4) release of lactate dehydrogenase activity from pulmonary alveolar macrophages, and (5) pulmonary alveolar macrophage intercellular adenosine triphosphate activity In the rat tracheal epithelial assays, freshly isolated rat tracheal epithelial cells in primary culture were exposed for 24 h to both the red and the violet dye mixes. Then the cultures were scored for either colony-forming efficiency or for the appearance of morphologically altered transformed cell colonies after 30 days. Both dye mixes decreased the colony-forming efficiency of rat tracheal epithelial cells follo...
Time-Resolved X-ray Absorption Determination of Structural Changes following Photoinduced Electron Transfer within Bis-porphyrin Heme Protein Models

Time domain energy dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy provides a powerful probe of changes in molecular structure that occur during photoinduced electron transfer reactions. In this study a diporphyrin model for electron transfer within modified heme proteins is examined using this technique. Transient optical absorption experiments show that photoinduced electron transfer from the lowest excited triplet state of a Zn porphyrin attached at a fixed 25 {angstrom} distance by means of a long spacer molecule to an Fe(III) porphyrin occurs with a 6 ms time constant at 77 K. Time domain X-ray absorption measurements are consistent with transient reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) that is accompanied by substantial weakening of the bond between the Fe atom and a pyridine molecule ligated to it. Coupling of ligand loss to reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) provides a means of stabilizing the reduced intermediate.
Dose of prophylactic platelet transfusions did not affect bleeding incidence or severity

Source Citation Slichter SJ, Kaufman RM, Assmann SF, et al. Dose of prophylactic platelet transfusions and prevention of hemorrhage. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:600-13. 20164484
Status of the visible free-electron laser at the Brookhaven accelerator test facility☆

Abstract The 500 nm free-electron laser (FEL) at the accelerator test facility (ATF) of the Brookhaven National Laboratory is reviewed. We present an overview of the ATF, a high-brightness, 50-MeV, electron accelerator and laser complex which is a user's facility for accelerator and beam physics. A number of laser acceleration and FEL experiments are under construction at the ATF. The visible FEL experiment is based on a novel superferric 8.8 mm period undulator. The electron beam parameters, the undulator, the optical resonator, optical and electron beam diagnostics are discussed. The operational status of the experiment is presented.
Low-frequency adaptation and recovery effects for lingual vibrotactile thresholds

Lingual vibrotactile threshold adaptation and recovery effects were investigated. Three minutes of continuous vibrotactile stimulation preceded each of three experimental threshold trials. During recovery, three threshold trials followed rest periods of 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 min. A control group performed the same tasks with no adaptor stimulus. The experimental subjects showed significant threshold decay from baselines, with subsequent recovery. The control subjects’ thresholds remained consistent with baselines. Implications for clinical oral sensory integrative testing are presented.
Examining the psychosocial impact of implantable cardioverter defibrillators: a literature review.

Background: The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has proven to be superior to medications in treating potentially life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, resulting in reduced mortality rates. Despite the number of patients receiving this therapy, its psychosocial impact is not well understood. Hypothesis: The purposes of this paper are (1) to review the available literature documenting the psychosocial impact of the ICD on patients, (2) to hypothesize possible mechanisms for this psychosocial impact, and (3) to suggest clinical risk profiles and indications for psychological consultation. Methods: Electronic and library searches (e.g., MEDLINE, PsychLit) were used to gather studies examining the psychosocial impact of the ICD. Only studies investigating psychosocial outcomes (e.g., psychological distress, quality of life, social and role functioning), either prospectively or cross-sectionally, were admitted into the review. No literature reviews or secondary sources were included. Results and Conclusions: Current research suggests that ICD-specific fears and symptoms of anxiety (e.g., excessive worry, physiological arousal) are the most common psychological symptoms experienced by ICD recipients, with approximately 13–38% of recipients experiencing diagnosable levels of anxiety. Depressive symptoms are reported at rates that are generally consistent with other cardiac populations. Although the incidence of psychological disorders appears to be similar to that found in general cardiac populations, specific ICD-related concerns such as fear of shock, fear of device malfunction, fear of death, and fear of embarrassment have been identified. Selected psychological theories such as classical conditioning, learned helplessness, and a cognitive appraisal model help to explain the occurrence of psychological symptoms post implantation. Psychosocial adjustment risk profiles indicate that young ICD recipients and those with high discharge rates may experience the most adjustment difficulties.
Causal Protein-Signaling Networks Derived from Multiparameter Single-Cell Data

Machine learning was applied for the automated derivation of causal influences in cellular signaling networks. This derivation relied on the simultaneous measurement of multiple phosphorylated protein and phospholipid components in thousands of individual primary human immune system cells. Perturbing these cells with molecular interventions drove the ordering of connections between pathway components, wherein Bayesian network computational methods automatically elucidated most of the traditionally reported signaling relationships and predicted novel interpathway network causalities, which we verified experimentally. Reconstruction of network models from physiologically relevant primary single cells might be applied to understanding native-state tissue signaling biology, complex drug actions, and dysfunctional signaling in diseased cells.
DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE THERAPY FOLLOWING PENETRATING BRAIN INJURY

Abstract : Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been shown to be effective therapy in models of cerebral infarction and trauma. It may provide a protective effect against mechanical disruption, as well as improve CBF and control intracranial pressure (ICP). We, therefore, decided to test this therapeutic agent in our gunshot wound model. In the present study, we have examined the effects of DMSO initiated 1 hour following trauma.
The effects of prompting and reinforcement on self-bathing by elderly residents of a nursing home

Prompting and reinforcement, first in combination and then separately, were applied to the self-bathing of four elderly nursing home residents while two other residents served as untreated controls. Bathing was divided into five behavior categories in different sequences for each of the four residents. In all cases, the combined procedure led to large increases in the frequency (or percentage) of responses completed while those responses remaining in baseline did not change. An unexpected finding was that reinforcement only and prompting only maintained previously conditioned responses as well as the combined procedure and, when applied to categories that had been in baseline, produced increases in responding that were similar to the effects of the combination.
Efficient Disk Drive Performance Model for Realistic Workloads

Accurate models for hard disk drive performance are needed to ensure that computer systems, both large and small, can meet the performance requirements for their intended application. There are a few tools available for predicting disk drive performance when one only has access to the published drive specifications, which is often the case when there is a need to select a drive from multiple candidates. There are several existing models for predicting hard disk performance, but they either require a large number of often inaccessible parameters, or they do not provide sufficient accuracy. In this paper, we present a hard drive performance model that requires only 23 input parameters and, on average, deviates from benchmarks less than 3.5% for random workloads, 9% for sequential workloads, and 9% for mixed workloads across multiple drive products. The proposed model's accuracy and ease of use can facilitate rapid and efficient decision making for information technology professionals.
Kinetics of the reaction of the sulfate radical with the oxalate anion

The kinetics of the reaction of the sulfate radical, SO4−, with the oxalate anion C2O42− was studied in aqueous solution and second-order rate constants, corrected for the effects of ionic strength, derived. Measurements were carried out over the temperature range 24–60°C resulting in the expression k0 = 2.10 ± 0.96 × 108 exp(−1080 ± 140/T) L mol−1 s−1. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Use of branched aliphatic linkers for the preparation of selective chiral media for the HPLC separation of enantiomers

Highly branched aliphatic molecules have been used for the first time as tethers in the preparation of polymeric chiral stationary phases. Attachment of a specifically designed chiral selector to organic porous polymer beads through a branched linker substantially increases the enantioselectivity compared to that of the equivalent separation medium with a traditional linear tether.
Intestine-Specific Mttp Deletion Increases the Severity of Experimental Colitis and Leads to Greater Tumor Burden in a Model of Colitis Associated Cancer

Background Gut derived lipid factors have been implicated in systemic injury and inflammation but the precise pathways involved are unknown. In addition, dietary fat intake and obesity are independent risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer. Here we studied the severity of experimental colitis and the development of colitis associated cancer (CAC) in mice with an inducible block in chylomicron secretion and fat malabsorption, following intestine-specific deletion of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (Mttp-IKO).
Controlled-potential coulometric determination of gold

Abstract A rapid procedure for the controlled-potential coulometric determination of gold in the milligram range was developed and is based on its electro-deposition from a 0.5 M HCl solution at a potential of +0.48 V vs ,. S.C.E. Background corrections are negligible and oxygen does not interfere. Only Ir(IV), Ru(IV), Ag and V(V) constitute serious interferences.
Functionalization of the 6,14-Bridge of the Orvinols. 2.1 Preparation of 18- and 19-Hydroxyl-Substituted Thevinols and Their Treatment with Benzyl Bromide

The etheno bridge of a thevinone was treated with BH3 and H2O2 to give both the 18- and 19-hydroxyl- substituted thevinols. Selective benzylation of the primary 20-hydroxyl over the 19-hydroxyl was successful; however, benzylation of the 18-hydroxylated product led to a reaction at the more hindered alcohol. Thus, the 6,14-bridge of the Diels−Alder products of thebaine can be hydroxylated, which opens up these positions for further chemical manipulation.
The Use of the Lead-Field Concept in the Development of Leads Satisfactory for Vectorcardiography. I. The Sagittal Lead

After a brief discussion of the lead field concept and an illustration of its application using a Teledeltos paper model, studies carried out on patients, employing multiple electrode or grid arrangements located over the precordium and the left posterior chest, to obtain the sagittal component of cardiac electromotive forces (e.m.f.'s), are described. On the basis of these observations, a minimum of 15 properly arranged and connected electrodes should be employed in the anterior electrode system but fewer will be needed posteriorly. A scheme, using 63 electrodes mounted in sponge rubber, has been devised to simplify the grid arrangement.
Possible time-dependent sensitization to xenobiotics: self-reported illness from chemical odors, foods, and opiate drugs in an older adult population.

Abstract The present paper summarizes key features of time-dependent sensitization (TDS) in neuropharmacology (progressive amplification of behavioral, neuronal, endocrine, and/or immune responses to repeated intermittent exposures to an environmental agent or cross-sensitizing agents) as a possible model for cacosmia (subjective sense of feeling ill from low levels of environmental chemical odors) in nonindustrial and industrial populations; and extends previous cacosmia research in nonpatient populations to an elderly sample. This study examined the symptom and psychological profiles of 263 older adults (aged 60–90 y, 71% women, 29% men); 57% reported that at least one chemical and 17% reported that at least four of five chemicals (pesticide, automobile exhaust, paint, new carpet, perfume) made them feel ill. Cacosmia ratings correlated weakly and negatively with age (r = −0.19, p = .001) over the whole sample. Cacosmia correlated significantly with self-reported illness from foods that may mobilize or ...
Electromechanical Mapping Identifies Improvement in Function and Retention of Contractile Reserve After Revascularization in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Background— We hypothesized that (1) a significant proportion of ischemic dysfunctional segments that do not improve function will demonstrate postrevascularization contractile reserve and (2) electromechanical mapping (EMM) can identify segments that improve function as well as those with postrevascularization contractile reserve, a potential indicator of delayed functional improvement. Methods and Results— Eighteen patients with severe ischemic left ventricular dysfunction underwent EMM and dobutamine (D) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) followed by revascularization. Four months after revascularization, all patients underwent a repeated D-CMR, and at 35 months, a subgroup (n=6) underwent a third CMR. Of 120 dysfunctional segments, 60 segments had improved rest function (IRF) and 60 did not. Twenty-eight of 60 segments (47%) that did not improve RF demonstrated postrevascularization contractile reserve (CR), and 32 of 60 segments (53%) that demonstrated neither IRF nor CR were persistently dysfu...
Sum-Rate of MIMO Broadcast Channels with One Bit Feedback

The sum-capacity of a multi-antenna broadcast Gaussian channel is known to be achieved by Dirty Paper Coding techniques, or, asymptotically in the number of users n, by beamforming methods, that require full channel state information at the base station. Based on the opportunistic beamforming principle, it has been recently shown that the optimal scaling law of the sum-rate with respect to n, for fixed signal to noise ratio and number of transmitting antennas M, (i.e., M log log n) can be achieved by employing a feedback of only one real and one integer number per user. Moreover, it was proved that a linear scaling with respect of M can be guaranteed only if M scales no faster than log n. In this paper, the optimal scaling law of the sum-rate with respect to n is proved to be achievable with only one bit of feedback per user. The proof builds on opportunistic beamforming and binary quantization of the signal to noise plus interference ratio. Moreover, the linear scaling of the sum-rate with M is demonstrated to hold for M growing no faster than log n even with such a reduced feedback. Finally, the results above are extended to the MIMO case, where each user is equipped with multiple antennas.
Reduced volume PCR amplification using AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler® kit

Abstract This study was aimed to demonstrate that the AmpFlSTR ® Identifiler ® kit will reliably amplify DNA in a reaction volume of 10μl. For comparison, the DNA samples were also amplified at the currect in-house PCR reaction volume (12.5μl). Even though the results showed significant difference in the peak height intensities, the quality of the profiles produced in the reaction volume of 10μl was similar to those produced in the reaction volume of 12.5μl. The application of this reduced volume PCR amplification would represent an additional 20% cost saving on the reagents without compromising the quality of the profiles obtained.
Protecting Human Rights During Emergencies: Delegation, Derogation, and Deference

Leading human rights treaties permit states as a temporary measure to suspend a variety of human rights guarantees during national crises. This chapter argues that human rights derogation is best justified as a temporary mechanism for empowering states to protect human rights, rather than as a device for enabling national authorities to advance their own interests in a manner that compromises human rights protection. Human rights treaties use broad legal standards to entrust states with responsibility for deciding what measures are best calculated to maximise human right protection during emergencies. For this delegation of authority to operate effectively, international tribunals must accord a healthy measure of deference to state derogations. Deference to state derogations is not warranted, however, if circumstances suggest that national authorities are not prepared to serve as impartial, rights-optimising trustees for their people.
Modifying irregular titania powders in a low power microwave plasma torch

Rapid passage of titania powder as an aerosol through a plasma generated with a low power microwave torch, resulted in many changes to the powder. Some or all of the titania became spherical, its phase changed, the level of carbon impurity changed, and its surface area declined. The final state of the titania depended on plasma operating conditions. For example, all of the titania became spherical and converted to the rutile phase, only if the processing rate remained low. Complete spherodization occurred only if the energy absorbed by the particles was <2.5% of the total power applied. Excess solid loading reduced the fraction spherodized or otherwise modified, as well as the net rate of conversion. Passing titania through an oxygen plasma removed virtually all the carbon impurity. This process is similar to alumina studies in the same apparatus and suggests that many refractory oxides can be modified by low-power plasmas. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 2090–2100, 2004
Addition of H2 to distannynes under ambient conditions

Dihydrogen reacts directly with a range of distannynes at ca. 25 °C under one atmosphere pressure to afford symmetric hydrogen bridged or unsymmetric stannylstannane products in high yield.
Spatial structure of hierarchical groups: Testing for processes of aggregation, clustering, and spatial centrality in crayfish (Orconectes rusticus)

Competing group members tend to arrange in a social order that governs who will likely submit to whom. In many species the spatial distribution of individuals often reflects social status: dominants tend to occupy central locations while subordinates are often found along the group's periphery. This article explores the emergence of spatial consequences as a result of social rank differentiation. Rather than orienting centripetally, the movements of crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) primarily indicated a tendency to remain close to arena walls. Spatial locations were affected by the location of group members; but, rather than actively aggregating or clustering, individuals maintained a minimum distance. Previously established social rank did not affect spatial distributions. High population densities in the field are likely attributed to habitat constraints, rather than any social or centripetal tendencies of individual crayfish.
Troubles Talk Effects of Gender and Gender-Typing

Effects of gender and gender-typing on communication styles were examined in 62 male and 110 female college students. Participants were asked to rate the likelihood of giving certain responses to a friend's problems as well as the likelihood of feeling certain emotions when a friend gives them advice or sympathy for their own problems. Men and masculine people were expected to be more likely to respond to a friend in a way that reduces interpersonal intimacy; women and feminine people were expected to respond in a way that enhances interpersonal intimacy. Although a few gender differences were found, participants' level of expressive/nurturing traits (“femininity”) was related to more responses than was gender. The importance of examining gender-linked traits and not just gender when studying communication patterns is emphasized.
Background and initial case studies into the effects of prospective memory training

Two preliminary case studies are presented introducing the technique of Prospective Memory Training (PMT) as a potential means to manage severe memory impairments. PMT involves repetitive administration of prospective memory tasks in which the patient is asked to initiate a specific action at a future designated time. Background information relevant to the concept of prospective memory is presented. Possible theoretical foundations for PMT are also discussed.
Back to Social Behavior: Mining the Mundane

This article examines the declining attention to behavioral research in personality and social psychology and proposes an alternative to the typical laboratory paradigm for studying social behavior. Specifically, the study of “unfocused interactions,” that is, situations where people simply share a common presence without talking to one another (Goffman, 1963), provides an opportunity for analyzing mundane behavior in everyday microinteractions. Because unfocused interactions are ubiquitous, may serve to prime subsequent behavior, and are likely to reflect implicit attitudes and judgments, they are well suited for studying the practical link between social cognition and everyday social behavior. Examples of research on unfocused interactions are described, and their utility in studying interpersonal processes is discussed.
Housing Costs and Prices Under Regional Regulation

The regulation of development by regional agencies was proposed in the American Law Institute's Model Land Development Code. The objective of this additional regulation was to bring new development into accord with the growing concern with environmental degradation. The State of Florida was the first state to adopt its own version of the Code. This article reviews the housing cost and price impacts of this regulatory process as it has evolved in Florida. The empirical evidence suggests that both the cost and the price of new housing subject to this review are increased above that of housing exempted. Copyright American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association.
Antimicrobial Effect of Pressurized Carbon Dioxide on Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria monocytogenes was inactivated by carbon dioxide at 35 and 45 o C under pressures of 70.3 and 210.9 μg/cm 2 . Inactivation rates were sensitive to temperature and pressure. Other factors such as pH, moisture content, and environmental conditions of cell growth also influenced the effectiveness of CO 2 treatment. Bacteria were more difficult to inactivate when they were suspended in the medium with fat or oil, which may have protected the cells from penetration by CO 2 . Fat in growth medium where Listeria monocytogenes cells were inoculated apparantly increased their resistance. Several methods may be useful for increasing inactivation rates