cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic debridement: effective treatment for impingement after total ankle arthroplasty

Total ankle arthroplasty has been gaining significant popularity for the treatment of ankle arthritis. Subsequent rates of revision surgery secondary to symptomatic bony impingement have been reported in 6–45 % of cases. Arthroscopic debridement of bony impingement following total ankle has been recently reported as an effective therapy. An arthroscopic technique has been recently published by one of the senior authors. In this paper, we expand this technique and retrospectively review our experience with arthroscopic debridement of twenty ankles in twenty patients with symptomatic bony impingement following total ankle arthroplasty.
Measuring Parents' Perceptions of Mental Health Professionals

Parent satisfaction with the behavior of persons providing mental health services to their children is an emerging area of interest. Parent satisfaction may provide clues to high attrition rates fo...
Lipid Composition of Hexane and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Reduced Cholesterol Dried Egg Yolk

Abstract Cholesterol was extracted from commercially spray-dried egg yolk using hexane at atmospheric pressure or supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) (45 C, 238 atm; 45 C, 306 atm; 55 C, 374 atm). The effects of the different extraction methods on the lipid composition of the cholesterol-reduced yolks were evaluated. Polar lipids were separated into seven fractions using HPLC. Fractions 4, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and 5, phosphatidylcholine plus lysophosphatidylethanolamine (PC+LPE), accounted for almost 85% of the phospholipid (PL). As SCCO2 temperature and pressure increased, total lipid remaining decreased from 64.9 to 35.1%, but the PL content (15%) remained unaffected. The proportions of PE (12%) and PC+LPE (72%) of the PL fraction were constant. There was little effect on the fatty acid composition of the phospholipid fractions due to the SCCO2 treatments. However, the unsaturated fatty acids in the neutral lipids (NL) appeared to be effected by SCCO2 treatments. Hexane extracted a larger amount of total lipid (66%) and the NL fraction was decreased more than the PL fraction. Supercritical carbon dioxide was more efficient in removing cholesterol without major effects on the PL.
Large Scale Distributed Sparse Precision Estimation

We consider the problem of sparse precision matrix estimation in high dimensions using the CLIME estimator, which has several desirable theoretical properties. We present an inexact alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) algorithm for CLIME, and establish rates of convergence for both the objective and optimality conditions. Further, we develop a large scale distributed framework for the computations, which scales to millions of dimensions and trillions of parameters, using hundreds of cores. The proposed framework solves CLIME in column-blocks and only involves elementwise operations and parallel matrix multiplications. We evaluate our algorithm on both shared-memory and distributed-memory architectures, which can use block cyclic distribution of data and parameters to achieve load balance and improve the efficiency in the use of memory hierarchies. Experimental results show that our algorithm is substantially more scalable than state-of-the-art methods and scales almost linearly with the number of cores.
Ultrastructure of the crossed isthmotectal projection in xenopus frogs

The nucleus isthmi NI of frogs is a relay for input from the eye to the ipsilateral tectum; each NI receives retinotopic input from one tectum and sends retinotopic output to both tecta. The crossed isthmotectal projection in Xenopus displays tremendous plasticity during development. Physiological and anatomical studies have suggested that the location at which a developing isthmotectal axon will terminate is determined by the correlation of its visually evoked activity with the activity of nearby retinotectal terminals. What structures could mediate such communication? We have examined quantitatively the ultrastructural characteristics of crossed isthmotectal axons and synapses in order to determine whether retinotectal axons communicate directly with isthmotectal axons via axo-axonic synapses or whether the communication is indirect, e.g., via common postsynaptic dendrites. Our results support the conclusion that isthmotectal axons interact with retinotec tal axons indirectly and that tectal cell dendrites are the critical site of interaction.
Toxic Introns and Parasitic Intein in Coxiella burnetii: Legacies of a Promiscuous Past

The genome of the obligate intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii contains a large number of selfish genetic elements, including two group I introns (Cbu.L1917 and Cbu.L1951) and an intervening sequence that interrupts the 23S rRNA gene, an intein (Cbu.DnaB) within dnaB and 29 insertion sequences. Here, we describe the ability of the intron-encoded RNAs (ribozymes) to retard bacterial growth rate (toxicity) and examine the functionality and phylogenetic history of Cbu.DnaB. When expressed in Escherichia coli, both introns repressed growth, with Cbu.L1917 being more inhibitory. Both ribozymes were found to associate with ribosomes of Coxiella and E. coli. In addition, ribozymes significantly reduced in vitro luciferase translation, again with Cbu.L1917 being more inhibitory. We analyzed the relative quantities of ribozymes and genomes throughout a 14-day growth cycle of C. burnetii and found that they were inversely correlated, suggesting that the ribozymes have a negative effect on Coxiella's growth. We determined possible sites for ribozyme associations with 23S rRNA that could explain the observed toxicities. Further research is needed to determine whether the introns are being positively selected because they promote bacterial persistence or whether they were fixed in the population due to genetic drift. The intein, Cbu.DnaB, is able to self-splice, leaving the host protein intact and presumably functional. Similar inteins have been found in two extremophilic bacteria (Alkalilimnicola ehrlichei and Halorhodospira halophila) that are distantly related to Coxiella, making it difficult to determine whether the intein was acquired by horizontal gene transfer or was vertically inherited from a common ancestor.
Distributed detection over adaptive networks based on diffusion estimation schemes

We study the problem of distributed detection, where a set of nodes are required to decide between two hypotheses based on their measurements. We seek fully distributed implementations, where all nodes make individual decisions by communicating with their immediate neighbors, and no fusion center is necessary. This scheme provides the network with more flexibility, saves energy for communication and networking resources. Our distributed detection algorithm is based on a previously proposed distributed estimation algorithm. We establish the connection between the detection and estimation problems, propose a distributed detection algorithm, and analyze the performance of the algorithm in terms of its probabilities of detection and false alarm. We also provide simulation results comparing with other cooperation schemes.
Modern Endodontic Surgery Concepts and Practice: A Review

Endodontic surgery has now evolved into endodontic microsurgery. By using state-of-the-art equipment, instruments and materials that match biological concepts with clinical practice, we believe that microsurgical approaches produce predictable outcomes in the healing of lesions of endodontic origin. In this review we attempted to provide the most current concepts, techniques, instruments and materials with the aim of demonstrating how far we have come. Our ultimate goal is to assertively teach the future generation of graduate students and also train our colleagues to incorporate these techniques and concepts into everyday practice.
Modeling and compensation of the dynamic interaction of a mobile manipulator

A mobile manipulator composed of a manipulator and a mobile platform has a much larger workspace than a fixed-base manipulator. While the on-board manipulator reaches out and performs manipulation tasks, the role of the mobile platform is to position the manipulator in a preferred configuration. In this paper, we study the effect of the dynamic interaction between the manipulator and the mobile platform of a mobile manipulator on the task performance. We consider the task that the end point of the manipulator tracks a desired trajectory in a fixed reference frame. The effect of the dynamic interaction on the tracking performance is examined by comparing four different cases: (1) without any compensation of the dynamic interaction at all; (2) with the mobile platform compensating the dynamic interaction caused by the manipulator; (3) with the manipulator compensating the dynamic interaction caused by the mobile platform; and (4) with full compensation of the dynamic interaction with each other. >
On the use of the extended least squares with simultaneous filtering to identify time-varying ARMAX model

A novel method, based on the combination of weighted extended least squares (WELS) and explicit filtering, for tracking the time-varying parameters of a linear stochastic system is presented. The properties and tracking capability of WELS combined with filtering are analyzed for time-varying linear stochastic system. It is shown that the proposed algorithm has exactly the same tracking capability as WELS if the weighting sequence is appropriately defined. The main advantages of the algorithm are that it improves the parameter estimates and provides the flexibility of using the combined identification scheme and adaptive filtering to track the time-varying parameters. >
Cine phase-contrast MR images failed to predict clinical outcome following ETV.

Contexte: Nous avons evalue retrospectivement les images cine du liquide cephalorachidien (LCR), du flux cine dans les citernes interpedonculaires autour du tronc cerebral et a la jonction medullaire cervicale (JMC), obtenues par resonance magnetique en contraste de phase (IRM CP) avant et apres la chirurgie, afin d'anticiper le succes de la ventriculostomie endoscopique du troisieme ventricule (VET) chez des patients atteints d'hydrocephalie obstructive. Methodes: Cent deux patients, dont l'âge moyen etait de 36,74 ans ± 23,25 et le ratio F/M de 1,55, ont participe a l'etude. Tous les patients ont subi une IRM CP avant et apres la chirurgie. Une video IRM dynamique de l'IRM CP a ete revisee au niveau des sections sagittales, axiales et coronales pour determiner les flux cisternaux autour du tronc cerebral et a la JMC. Pour les fins de l'analyse quantitative, des quadrants ont ete etablis autour de l'axe du mesencephale pour evaluer les citernes interpedonculaires, les regions quadrigeminales et ambientes des deux cotes au moyen d'un score de 0 a 60. Les flux pre et post pontins et les flux au niveau de la JMC etaient visualises en incidence sagittale et cotes de 0 a 20 et les citernes laterales cerebellopontines des deux cotes ont ete mesurees sur des images coronales cotees de 0 a 20. Resultats: Aucune difference significative du flux du LCR n'a ete observee sur trois cliches individuels et l'analyse de variance multivariee n'a decele aucune difference significative du score cine total ou entre les groupes dont la VET a ete un succes ou un echec. Le test de Kaplan-Meier et le test de correlation de Spearman n'ont pas montre de relation entre les scores du flux au cine IRM et l'intervalle entre la chirurgie ou entre les scores et l'echec de la VET. Conclusion: Le cine IRM CP du flux n'a pas montre de difference significative entre le groupe dont la VET a ete un succes et le groupe dont la VET a ete un echec. Ceci indique qu'en plus de reussir a etablir une fenestration adequate, les voies du LCR au-dela des citernes interpedonculaires autour du tronc cerebral et a la JMC pourraient jouer un role essentiel dans le succes de la VET.
Activities of affinity-isolated glutathione S-transferase (GST) from channel catfish whole intestine

Abstract A glutathione S-transferase (GST) fraction was isolated from cytosol prepared from catfish intestinal mucosa by GSH-agarose affinity chromatography and its molecular weight, isoelectric points, substrate specificities and immunochemical cross-reactivity were examined. Intestinal GSTs were purified 100-fold with respect to cytosolic activity with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene and had high activity with ethacrynic acid, (±)benzo(a)pyrene-4,5-oxide, and (±) anti -benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide, but a low activity with 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of a single band with relative molecular mass of 26 700. Gel isoelectric focusing showed a major band with a pI of 8.2. A polyclonal antibody prepared against a GST π-protein isolated from catfish proximal intestine cross-reacted well with the affinity isolated GST fraction. The catfish antibody also cross-reacted with GST from human placenta which contains predominantly π-class GST (Mannervik, B., Guthenberg, C., 1981. Glutathione transferase (human placenta). In: Jakoby, W.B. (Ed.), Methods in Enzymology, 77. Academic Press, New York, pp. 231–235; Polidoro, G., Dillio, C., Arduini, A., Frederici, G., 1981. Molecular and catalytic properties of purified glutathione transferase from human placenta. Biochem. Med. 22, 247–259; Dao, D.D., Partridge, C.A., Kurosky, A., Awasthi, Y.C., 1982. Subunit structure of glutathione-S-transferase of human liver and placenta. IRSC Med. Sci, Lib. Compend. 10, 175; Dao, D.D., Partridge, C.A., Kurosky, A., Awasthi, Y.C., 1984. Human glutathione transferase. Characterization of the anionic forms from lung and placenta. Biochem. J. 221, 33–41), but poorly with human liver cytosol. The affinity-isolated protein fraction from whole intestine contained proteins that were immunologically related to all four major classes of human GSTs tested. N-terminal sequence analysis of the predominant band obtained by 2D electrophoresis indicated a marked homology (63–70% identical) to mammalian π form GST isozymes and very strong similarity (80%) to a salmon hepatic GST that was designated a π form (Dominey, R.J., Nimmo, I.A., Cronshaw, A.D., Hayes, J.D., 1991. The major glutathione S-transferase in salmonid fish livers is homologous to the mammalian π class GST. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. (B) 100 (1), 93–98). Other bands contained insufficient protein for N-terminal analysis. Taken together, these results indicate that the predominant intestinal GST isoform is related to the π-class enzymes, but minor GSTs related to other families are also present.
Dual Nationality Among Latinos: What Are the Implications for Political Connectedness?

This study assesses the influence of dual nationality on connectedness to the American polity. Specifically, it examines whether first-generation dual national Latinos are less politically connected than their sole U.S. national counterparts. We define political connectedness as the skills, attitudes, and behaviors that attach someone to the political system. According to the traditional view on immigration and assimilation, dual nationality should be associated with negative consequences for political integration. Conversely, according to the transnational perspective, multiple nationalities do not preclude, and in fact may facilitate, political assimilation and incorporation. Relying on data from The Washington Post/Henry J. Kaiser Foundation/Harvard University National Survey on Latinos in America (1999) and the Pew Hispanic Center/Kaiser Family Foundation 2002 National Survey of Latinos, we investigate the influence of dual nationality on first-generation Latinos' English language proficiency, attitud...
Impact Wear Study of Lubricated Contacts

Pivotal hammer type impact testers are used in an experimental study of repetitively impacted lubricated contacts. Various steels are used in one- and two-body wear modes; the rate process of wear is investigated with respect to the impact parameters (normal and tangential approach velocity), and lubricant viscosity. For normal impact, a boundary lubrication system forms, but superimposed sliding speeds with a viscous lubricant tend to create an elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) condition, greatly resisting wear. Approximate measurable wear equations are derived for cylindrical striking surfaces. Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASLE/ASME Lubrication Conference held in Montreal, Canada, October 8–10, 1974
A novel mechanism of PKA anchoring revealed by solution structures of anchoring complexes

The specificity of intracellular signaling events is controlled, in part, by compartmentalization of protein kinases and phosphatases. The subcellular localization of these enzymes is often maintained by protein- protein interactions. A prototypic example is the compartmentalization of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) through its association with A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). A docking and dimerization domain (D/D) located within the first 45 residues of each regulatory (R) subunit protomer forms a high affinity binding site for its anchoring partner. We now report the structures of two D/D-AKAP peptide complexes obtained by solution NMR methods, one with Ht31(493–515) and the other with AKAP79(392–413). We present the first direct structural data demonstrating the helical nature of the peptides. The structures reveal conserved hydrophobic interaction surfaces on the helical AKAP peptides and the PKA R subunit, which are responsible for mediating the high affinity association in the complexes. In a departure from the dimer-dimer interactions seen in other X-type four-helix bundle dimeric proteins, our structures reveal a novel hydrophobic groove that accommodates one AKAP per RIIα D/D.
Prevention of invasive bacterial diseases by immunization with polysaccharide-protein conjugates.

Invasive diseases, in otherwise healthy individuals, may be caused by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which invade the bloodstream from their site on the mucous membranes of the human host. These bacteria include such diverse species as meningococci, pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), and Salmonella typhi (typhoid bacillus). Escherichia coli K1 and Group B streptococci are major causes of disease in fetuses and in newborns. Their common characteristic is a capsular polysaccharide (CPS) that confers the property of invasiveness to these diverse bacteria. Unlike viral pathogens, each of these bacteria may induce several distinct diseases. For example, Hib may cause meningitis, epiglottitis, arthritis, pneumonia, etc. These varied clinical manifestations are, however, secondary to the bacteremia which antecedes tissue localization (Schneerson et al. 1987).
Automated Analysis of Student Programmer Coding Behavior Patterns (Abstract Only)

Important information regarding the learning experience and relative preparedness of Computer Science students can be obtained by analyzing their coding activity at a fine-grained level, using an online IDE that records student code editing, compiling, and testing activities down to the individual keystroke. We report results from analyses of student coding patterns using such an online IDE. In particular, we gather data from a group of students performing an assigned programming lab, using the online IDE indicated to gather statistics. We extract high-level statistics from the student data, and apply supervised learning techniques to identify those that are the most salient prediction of student success as measured by later performance in the class. We use these results to make predictions of course performance for another student group, and report on the reliability of those predictions
The Zinc Glycinate Marker in Human Colon Carcinoma

In an attempt to identify new tumor markers in human colon carcinoma, we produced antisera in rabbits tolerant to normal human tissue antigens and immunized with zinc glycinate-treated extracts of liver metastases from a colon carcinoma. These antisera reacted with carcinoembryonic antigen and with an additional component present in the tumor extracts but not detected in the extracts of normal tissues. The new component, the zinc glycinate marker (ZGM), had an alpha2 mobility on immunoelectrophoresis, was soluble in 1 M perchloric acid, and had a molecular weight of approximately 2X10(6), as indicated by its elution pattern on Sepharose 6-B chromatography. It differed from alpha fetoprotein, nonspecific cross-reacting antigens (NCA, NGP, or CCA III), ferritin-like molecules, and blood group substances A, B, H, Lewis a, and Lewis b. The ZGM was similarly identified in saline or zinc glycinate extracts of 11 of 23 carcinomas of the colon. With routine hematoxylineosin staining, no histologic differences were apparent between tumors bearing the antigen and those without it.
Insensitivity, limited joint mobility, and plantar ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in sensation, ankle dorsiflexion (DF), and subtalar joint (STJ) motion exist between 1) diabetic patients with a history of plantar ulcer (DMW Group), 2) diabetic patients without a history of plantar ulcer (DMWO Group), and 3) a nondiabetic control group (NDC Group). There were 23, 23, and 24 subjects in the respective groups. The mean age for each group was 58, 63, and 60 years, respectively. The mean DF for each group was 2, 5, and 7 degrees, respectively, and the mean STJ motion was 26, 31, and 35 degrees, respectively. Mode values for sensation with Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments were 6.10, 5.07, and 4.17. The results indicate the DMW Group had significantly less sensation, DF, and STJ motion than the NDC Group (p less than .05). In the DWM Group, the ulceration was seen more often on the side with least motion. Limited DF and STJ motion may restrict the foot's ability to absorb shock and transverse rotation, contributing to the pathogenesis of plantar ulceration in the insensitive foot. Although these results demonstrate an association, not a causative relationship, we believe diabetic patients should be screened routinely for insensitivity and limited joint mobility at the feet and appropriate preventive measures should be taken.
COMPARATIVE POLITICS Diversity and Coherence

One striking difference between the fields of comparative politics and international relations concerns the relative proportion of theory versus empirical detail. In international relations, theories are organized around the distribution of power, strategic interaction, and the role of institutions, law, and morality. Comparative politics, by contrast, starts from the assumption that the anarchy problem has been solved and that domestic polities are hierarchies of norms and authority. Whereas the distribution of domestic interests remains central, the role of institutions increases and that of power declines—not absolutely but relative to the international realm. Comparative politics, as a field, is different in another way that is more central to this special issue. This difference has to do with its attention to specific countries and place. The articles in this issue struggle with the tension between the generality of theory and explanatory accuracy that must make concessions to time and place. All of the authors want to offer generalizations that are more than summaries of what they have observed, but they want to do so without distorting particular cases. This attention to detail and explanatory accuracy has sometimes meant that comparativists do not depart far from their cases (in the worst case, they do not compare). The division of labor in comparative politics is highly specialized and organized along country or regional lines rather than theoretically, as in American politics, where scholarship limits itself to the explanation of variation within a single country. Barriers to entry into the field of comparative politics are supplied by requirements to know specific languages, histories, cultures, and institutions rather than by the need to master quantitative analysis or formal methods (which is not to say that there are no comparative scholars who are quite skilled at one or both). This division of
Allowing firms to choose between separate accounting and formula apportionment taxation

This paper analyzes the effect on firm behavior and national tax revenues of allowing multinational firms to choose to be taxed under separate accounting rules or an apportionment formula. Separate accounting always generates more profitable output and conditional labor demand distortions from tax differentials while either method can generate a more profitable income-shifting distortion. Both low-cost and high-cost firms can prefer separate accounting while medium-cost firms prefer formula apportionment. With symmetric countries, a firm's preferred method generates greater tax revenues in the country with the lower tax rate. With asymmetric countries, a firm's preferred method need no longer generate greater tax revenues in the lower-tax-rate country due to the fact that countries and firms now value tax base distortions differently. With this misalignment of preferences, some firms can choose the preferred method of both countries at fixed tax rates.
Surveillance on Adverse Events Following Measles Supplementary Immunization Activities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2010

Objective To monitor and analyze the adverse events following measles supplementary immunization activities(SIAs). Methods The adverse events following SIAs in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2010 were surveyed and analyzed. Results Totally 220 cases of adverse events following immunization(AEFI) were reported,including 189 cases with general reactions,30 cases with vaccine abnormal reactions,and 1 coincident case.Meanwhile,160 cases of reactions were reported in 24 hours,and 50% cases with abnormal reactions were rash. Conclusions Measles attenuated live vaccine is safe and valid during the period of SIAs.The abnormal reaction incidence is low,and these reactions can be relieved easily.
Thermal desorption-gas chromatographic method for determination of p-tert-butyl toluene in workplace air

Objective To establish a thermal desorption-gas chromatographic method for determination of p-tert-butyl toluene in workplace air.Methods The method is based on the"standardization of methods for determination of toxic substances in workplace air".Results This method presents good reproducibility and good linear relation within 0—320μg/ml,the sample could be stored in active carbon tube at least for 10 days,the precision(RSD)is 0.65%—1.98%,detection limit is 0.63 μg/ml,desorption efficiencies are 83.49%—93.24%,absorption efficencies are 100%.The breakthrough volume of 100 mg active carbon is 2.9 mg.Additionally,the coexistent chemicals,such as m-tert-butyl toluene,o-tert-butyl toluene,toluene,o-xylene etc.do not interfere with the measurement of p-tert-butyl toluene by this method.Conclusions It is showed that all the indices of this method meet the requirement of the"standardization of methods for determination of toxic substances in workplace air",suggesting the method is feasible for the determination of p-tert-butyl toluene in workplace air.
Comparison of GEANT4 and MCNPX-PoliMi fission models

The detection and characterization of special nuclear material (SNM) is of significant importance for nonproliferation applications. For neutron energies <;1 eV, fission is the dominating interaction process of all possible neutron-nucleus interactions, hence thermal neutron induced fission is one of the techniques that can be utilized for the characterization of the SNM. Prompt and delayed neutrons and gamma-rays are emitted per fission event. These multiplicities can be modeled using Monte Carlo techniques. However, the modeling of multiplicity distributions of prompt fission neutrons and gamma-rays is dependent not only upon statistical models but also upon tracking fission neutrons and gamma-rays on an event-by-event basis. Both Geant4 and MCNPX-PoliMi are capable of simulating particles on an event-by-event basis. In Geant4, the neutron and gamma-ray multiplicity distributions are computed using a customized fission library developed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The neutron and gamma-ray multiplicity distributions are also computed with MCNPX-PoliMi, which is a modified version of MCNP code. Simulations show that there is very good agreement in neutron multiplicities generated with these codes. Furthermore, various fission models can be simulated in these respective Monte Carlo codes.
Differential MLL Interaction and H3K4me3 Mark Maintenance at PU.1 Regulatory Region by AML Translocations-Associated Oncoproteins AML1-ETO and CBFβ-SMMHC.

Abstract 674 The interplay between genetic and epigenetic regulators is a fundamental mechanism to ensure gene regulation and cell fate decision. Hematopoiesis and leukemia are excellent systems in which to study this process. The Mixed-Lineage Leukemia (MLL) protein, a Set1-like H3K4 methyltransferase, and the heterodimeric transcription factor RUNX1 (AML1)/CBFβ are critical for definitive and adult hematopoiesis. They are required for the generation of all hematopoietic lineages and act as tumor suppressors in human leukemia. PU.1 is a critical downstream target gene for AML1 in adult hematopoiesis. AML1 regulated PU.1 through 3 AML1 binding sites in the PU.1 URE region (1). AML1 is responsible for the H3K4me3 mark at PU.1 URE and promoter region. AML1-ETO represses PU.1 expression through PU.1 URE region (2). Dysregulation of PU.1 levels cause leukemia in both mouse and human. PU.1 is absolutely required for the normal development of monocytic and B cell lineages, in which the core binding factor (CBF) fusions (CBFβ-SMMHC or TEL-AML1) or MLL fusions (MLL-AF9 or MLL-AF4) have been high frequently identified in human acute leukemias. These suggested that AML1/CBFβ and MLL might regulate PU.1 expression and AML1/CBFβ or MLL fusions might dysregulate PU.1 expression at genetic and epigenetic levels and eventually develop similar leukemias. We found that the AML1-ETO/CBFβ complex interacts with MLL in a similar manner as AML1/CBFβ (3), while the AML1/CBFβ-SMMHC complex interacts with MLL more strongly. Surprisingly, the CBFβ-SMMHC by itself interacts with MLL through the junction region of the fusion protein. The interactions with MLL by these fusion proteins complexes, AML1-ETO/CBFβ and AML1/CBFβ-SMMHC, correlate with their ability to maintain H3K4me3 levels at PU.1 URE and promoter regions in 416B cell lines stable expressing AML1-ETO or CBFβ-SMMHC. Taken together, our data indicate that AML1-ETO/CBFβ complex preserves the interaction with MLL, while the AML1/CBFβ-SMMHC complex enhances it. This suggests that these two leukemogenic fusions downregulate PU.1 expression through different epigenetic mechanisms in the presence of H3K4me3 mark at PU.1 regulatory region. The effects of these differential interactions on the H3K4me3 mark maintenance and on target gene expression, particularly PU.1, may be critical for the aberrant regulation that underlies the etiology of M2 and M4Eo acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). 1. Huang G, et al. Nat. Genet. 2008; 40: 51-60 2. Zhang P, et al. Blood 2008; 112: 594. 3. Huang G, et al. Blood 2008; 112: 282.
Impact of business analytics and enterprise systems on managerial accounting

Abstract The nature of management accountants' responsibility is evolving from merely reporting aggregated historical value to also including organizational performance measurement and providing management with decision related information. Corporate information systems such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems have provided management accountants with both expanded data storage power and enhanced computational power. With big data extracted from both internal and external data sources, management accountants now could utilize data analytics techniques to answer the questions including: what has happened (descriptive analytics), what will happen (predictive analytics), and what is the optimized solution (prescriptive analytics). However, research shows that the nature and scope of managerial accounting has barely changed and that management accountants employ mostly descriptive analytics, some predictive analytics, and a bare minimum of prescriptive analytics. This paper proposes a Managerial Accounting Data Analytics (MADA) framework based on the balanced scorecard theory in a business intelligence context. MADA provides management accountants the ability to utilize comprehensive business analytics to conduct performance measurement and provide decision related information. With MADA, three types of business analytics (descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive) are implemented into four corporate performance measurement perspectives (financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth) in an enterprise system environment. Other related issues that affect the successful utilization of business analytics within a corporate-wide business intelligence (BI) system, such as data quality and data integrity, are also discussed. This paper contributes to the literature by discussing the impact of business analytics on managerial accounting from an enterprise systems and BI perspective and by providing the Managerial Accounting Data Analytics (MADA) framework that incorporates balanced scorecard methodology.
A Study on the Algorithm and its Practical use for Improving the Reliability of Automatic Power Restoration System

Abstract Recently, according to a rapid increase of the power demand, the I 54kV lines of Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) are continuously expanded and become to the more complex loop system. As a result of increase of the fault capacity and the unbalance of power load flow, the circuit breaker have been exceeding the capacity limit of those in the loop power system. To solve this problem, this paper presents algorithm and application of Automatic Power Restoration System (hereafter called "APRS")
Dyslipidemias in CKD and ESKD: Outcomes and Management

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, with both dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) as major risk factors for CVD. In this chapter, we discuss the variation in the lipid profile across a spectrum of kidney disease, including CKD, nephrotic syndrome, peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation. We also review the trials 4D, AURORA, SHARP, ALERT, and meta-analyses which form the basis of the current KDIGO recommendations for medical management of dyslipidemia in patients with CKD.
Lassoing Skill Through Learner Choice

The authors examined several issues related to the motor learning benefits resulting from giving learners choices. In 2 experiments, participants practiced a novel task, throwing a lasso. In Experiment 1, giving learners a choice ostensibly irrelevant to performance (color of mat under target) resulted in enhanced learning relative to a control group. The choice group also reported more positive affect. Experiment 2 compared the effectiveness of task-irrelevant (mat color) versus task-relevant (video demonstrations of the skill) choices. In both choice groups, each participant was yoked to a participant in the other group, and each received the same mat color or saw the video demonstration, respectively, as chosen by their counterpart in the other group. In the control group, participants were yoked to their respective counterparts in each of the choice groups. On a retention test, the 2 choice groups did not differ from each other, but both outperformed the control group. The affective and learning effects seen when learners are given choices, and the fact that task-relevant and task-irrelevant choices resulted in similar learning benefits, are consistent with a content-neutral mechanism for the effects of choice on learning, as described in the OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (Wulf & Lewthwaite, 2016 ).
Impact of Opioid Dose Reduction and Risk Mitigation Initiatives on Chronic Opioid Therapy Patients at Higher Risk for Opioid-Related Adverse Outcomes.

Objective: We aimed to determine if opioid risk reduction initiatives including dose reduction and risk mitigation strategies for chronic noncancer pain patients receiving chronic opioid therapy (COT) had a differential impact on average daily opioid doses of COT patients at higher risk for opioid-related adverse outcomes compared with lower-risk patients. Design: Interrupted time series. Setting: Group Health Cooperative (GH), a health care delivery system and insurance within Washington State, between 2006 and 2014. Population: GH enrollees on COT defined as receiving a supply of 70 or more days of opioids within 90 days using electronic pharmacy data for filled prescriptions. Methods: We compared the average daily morphine equivalent doses (MED) of COT patients with and without each of the following higher-risk characteristics: mental disorders, substance use disorders, sedative use, and male gender. Results: In all four pairwise comparisons, the higher-risk subgroup had a higher average daily MED than the lower-risk subgroup across the study period. Adjusted for covariates, modest differences in the annual rate of reduction in average daily MED were noted between higher- and lower-risk subgroups in three pairwise comparisons: those with mental disorders vs without (-8.2 mg/y vs -5.2 mg/y, P = 0.005), with sedative use vs without (-9.2 mg/y vs -5.8 mg/y, P = 0.004); mg), in men vs women (-8.8 mg/y vs -5.9 mg/y, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Using clinical policy initiatives in a health care system, dose reductions were achieved among COT patients at higher risk for opioid-related adverse outcomes that were at least as large as those among lower-risk patients.
The importance of endosperm balance number in potato breeding and the evolution of tuber-bearing Solanum species

Endosperm failure is considered the primary reason for the lack of success in intra-and interspecific crosses. The Endosperm Balance Number (EBN) hypothesis is a unifying concept for predicting endosperm function in intraspecific, interploidy, and interspecific crosses. In the EBN system, every species has an ‘effective ploidy’ (EBN), which must be in a 2:1 maternal to paternal ratio in the endosperm for crosses to succeed. The knowledge of EBN is very useful in the transfer of genes from exotic germplasm, and in the development of new breeding schemes in potato. The paper describes the strategies for introducing 2x(1EBN), 2x(2EBN), 4x(2EBN) and 6x(4EBN) germplasm into the cultivated 4x(4EBN) potato gene pool. A new methodology for producing 4x(4EBN) and 2x(2EBN) chromosome addition lines is also discussed. EBN has evolutionary importance in the origin of tuber-bearing Solanums. The role of the EBN in the origin of diploid and polyploid potato species, and as a barrier for hybridization and speciation of sympatric species within the same ploidy level is demonstrated. The origin of 3x and 5x cultivated tuber-bearing Solanums may also be explained using the EBN concept. EBN has been reported to exist in other plant species: alfalfa, beans, blueberries, rice, soybeans, squashes, tomato, forage legumes, grasses, ornamentals and Datura stramonium. This indicates that EBN may have broad application and could be useful for germplasm transfer and breeding in other crop species.
Immersive Displays for the Individual, the Group, and for Networked Collaboration

Despite unprecedented progress in information technology over the past quarter century, the fundamental interface between users and their personal computers remains the same as that first demonstrated by the XPARC Alto in 1973. That system was a brilliant advance over the then-current state of the art. However, its vision—Alan Kay’s notion of a computer as a personal “dynamic book”—is closer to the ultimate portable computer than to the ultimate office environment. We are developing an approach based on several beliefs: 1) the user will find useful computer-generated imagery over a much larger field of view, and with many more pixels, than provided by today’s computer screens; 2) users would rather work in their daily office environment that is always available than in a specialized facility that has to be shared and scheduled; 4) the size of the user’s office is not likely to increase significantly in the future; 5) much of the work in the future, as today, is likely to be a mixture of solo personal work and interaction with one or two people either locally or at a distance.
The Concept of a Partial Electron Concentration Value and its Application to Problems in Crystal Chemistry

Hume-Rothery in 1926 was the first to point out that in certain intermetallic systems there exists a correlation between composition, structure and electron/atom ratio of the intermetallic phases. Since that time many groups of compounds have become known where a connection between the stability range and the number of participating electrons has been assumed. To mention only a few one could list the group of transition metal disilicides (Nowotny, 1963), the group of ternary σ and related complex phases with high atom coordination (Nevitt, 1963), the group of shift structures (“Verwerfungsstrukturen”) based on the Cu3Au type (Schubert, 1964), and the group of the normal and defect tetrahedral structures (Parthe 1964).
Interviews with women in India

Significant social science research has been dedicated to determining and describing effective means of gathering data via the interview, while minimizing bias and accounting for the methodological...
General Principles and Approach to Inpatient Dermatology

Inpatient dermatology comprises a challenging subset of dermatologic care. As criteria for hospitalization have become more stringent, the inpatient population has become more complex, often requiring interdisciplinary care to manage patients’ multiple comorbid problems.
Introduction: Should Freud be Taken Seriously as a Philosopher of Mind?

Sigmund Freud is not generally considered an important figure in the history of philosophy of mind. In this book, I argue that this is a mistake and that implicit within Freud’s scattered comments on unconscious mental states is a sophisticated and still-relevant philosophical argument against the Cartesian equation of mental with consciousness. Although Freud gave up on the “hard problem” and was a quasi-mysterian about consciousness, he separated the mental from consciousness, postulated intrinsic intentionality in brain tissue, and posed the “not quite as hard but still quite difficult” problem—as yet unresolved—of how non-conscious brain states can possess intrinsic intentionality.
Evolution: Flip-Flopping Flower Color Defies Dollo's Law.

Even complex traits can re-evolve after being lost. A new study details the molecular mechanisms causing the regain of floral color pigment in a lineage that evolved white flowers.
Optimization of In Vitro Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare Growth Assays for Therapeutic Development

Infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is a complication of lung disease in immunocompromised patients, including those with human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF). The most widespread, disease-causing NTM is Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), which colonizes the lungs as a combination of Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and other mycobacterial species. While combination drug therapy exists for MAC colonization, there is no cure. Therapeutic development to treat MAC has been difficult because of the slow-growing nature of the bacterial complex, limiting the ability to characterize the bacteria’s growth in response to new therapeutics. The development of a technology that allows observation of both the MAC predominant strains and MAC could provide a means to develop new therapeutics to treat NTM. We have developed a new methodology in which M. avium and M. intracellulare can be optimally grown in short term culture to study each strain independently and in combination, as a monitor of growth kinetics and efficient therapeutic testing protocols.
At the Intersection of Rigor and Equity: Health Disparities Research Related to Aging:

Aging in the United States will be defined by differences in health and longevity among populations. Diversity among the aged population is expected to increase. While investigators must contend wi...
A Review of Affordances and Affordance-Based Design to Address Usability

Maier and Fadel pioneered Affordance-Based Design (ABD) based on Gibson?s revolutionary theory of affordances and Norman?s deployment of the concept in his book, ?The Design of Everyday Things?. Gibson (1979) introduced the affordance concept into the discipline of Ecological Psychology to address the interactions between an object and an agent. The Ecological approach includes the direct perception of affordances for the user along with a consideration of the users? biomechanics. However, as the concept of affordance was imported and utilized in different disciplines, including engineering design, some important aspects of Ecological theory were omitted. This paper is an attempt to review the definitions and different utilizations of the affordance concept focusing on the design of usable products to identify the different views and the missing elements. After addressing the divergent viewpoints of affordances, we provide recommendations to improve the usability aspects in ABD by considering direct perception and ergonomics. We claim that a design (based on affordances) that fails to address both criteria may result in a product that is less usable.
Impact of Pre-Transplant Malignancy on Outcomes After Kidney Transplantation: United Network for Organ Sharing Database Analysis.

Background Kidney transplant recipients with a history of a pre-transplant malignancy (pre-TM) have an increased risk of post-transplant malignancies (post-TM) and suspected inferior long-term outcomes. No large database studies have examined modern day trends and outcomes in this patient population compared with those without a pre-TM. Study Design The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database was queried for primary adult kidney transplant recipients with pre-TM. Outcomes were compared in patients with and without pre-TM from 2004 to 2016 using multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses (n = 170,684). Results The rate of kidney transplants in patients with pre-TM increased from Conclusions Increasing numbers of patients with pre-TM are undergoing kidney transplantation. This analysis indicates that patients with pre-TM are at increased risk of post-TM, graft loss, and decreased overall survival. The study's limitations highlight the need for collaborative database development between transplant and cancer registries to better define the inter-relationship between a pre-TM and cancer survivorship vs freedom from prolonged dialysis.
Do Hispanic immigrants spend less on medical care? Implications of the Hispanic health paradox

The literature of the Hispanic heath paradox has found that in the U.S. Hispanic immigrants have better health than U.S. natives, even though they tend to have lower socioeconomic status. The main ...