cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Industrial society as Hubbard's pimple. Is this the Unabomber's manifesto?

This paper is not about the Unabomber; it is about his indictment of the entire techno-industrial enterprise as expressed in his 35,000-word "manifesto" published under threat of further mail bombings by The Washington Post in joint arrangement with The New York Times. The Unabomber's claim is that as it grows exponentially, the industrial engine that technology drives creates the myth of empowering human life. With the exception of elites, the reality, he says, is exactly the opposite. While many, if not most, practitioners-the experts whose livelihoods and careers depend on continuing technical/industrial evolution-would acknowledge it has produced some unfortunate side-effects, environmental degradation being the most salient and recognized, the progress of technics, on balance, is a positive force. It enriches and empowers far more than it enslaves, disenfranchises and degrades. The system certainly needs guidance and tweaking-sometimes extensive-not dismantling, even if it were possible, which it is not. The Unabomber says no, the system cannot be tweaked, corrected or reformed. Out-of-Control Technics has turned into a virus that is killing its host. To get his message across, he mailed 16 bombs over a period of 17 years that resulted 3 deaths and 23 injuries. If he's wrong, no real problem: business as usual. But, if he's right, what if anything can be done? Can an anti-virus be found before time runs out?.
Sensing Domain Dynamics in Protein Kinase A-Iα Complexes by Solution X-ray Scattering

The catalytic (C) and regulatory (R) subunits of protein kinase A are exceptionally dynamic proteins. Interactions between the R- and C-subunits are regulated by cAMP binding to the two cyclic nucleotide-binding domains in the R-subunit. Mammalian cells express four different isoforms of the R-subunit (RIα, RIβ, RIIα, and RIIβ) that all interact with the C-subunit in different ways. Here, we investigate the dynamic behavior of protein complexes between RIα and C-subunits using small angle x-ray scattering. We show that a single point mutation in RIα, R333K (which alters the cAMP-binding properties of Domain B) results in a compact shape compared with the extended shape of the wild-type R·C complex. A double mutant complex that disrupts the interaction site between the C-subunit and Domain B in RIα, RIαABR333K·C(K285P), results in a broader P(r) curve that more closely resembles the P(r) profiles of wild-type complexes. These results together suggest that interactions between RIα Domain B and the C-subunit in the RIα·C complex involve large scale dynamics that can be disrupted by single point mutations in both proteins. In contrast to RIα·C complexes. Domain B in the RIIβ·C heterodimer is not dynamic and is critical for both inhibition and complex formation. Our study highlights the functional differences of domain dynamics between protein kinase A isoforms, providing a framework for elucidating the global organization of each holoenzyme and the cross-talk between the R- and C-subunits.
Lateral femoral cortical breach during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a biomechanical analysis.

Purpose The purpose of our study was to determine whether secondary fixation is needed when lateral femoral wall breach occurs and whether the diameter of the femoral tunnel affects the cyclical and ultimate load to failure of 3 different suspensory fixation devices. Methods Sixty fresh-frozen porcine femora were dissected to isolate the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) footprint. Femoral ACL tunnels were then drilled at diameters of 7, 8, 9, and 10 mm. We conducted 5 separate cyclical and ultimate load testing trials, at each tunnel diameter, for 3 different cortical suspension devices. Results The mean load to failure decreased as the tunnel size enlarged for all 3 devices. In 7-mm tunnels, mean failure load ranged from 1,163.7 to 1,455.0 N across the 3 devices; in 8-mm tunnels, 1,154.7 to 1,643.2 N; in 9-mm tunnels, 820.8 to 1,125.21 N; and in 10-mm tunnels, 314.7 to 917.8 N. Modes of failure also varied as the tunnel sizes enlarged. The ultimate load was not different among the 3 manufacturers ( P = .08), but there was a difference in the ultimate load across the 4 tunnel diameters ( P P = .91). Conclusions With 7- and 8-mm-diameter tunnels, failure loads with each of the suspensory devices tested exceeded the documented interference screw load to failure. Clinical Relevance Our findings suggest that, for soft-tissue ACL grafts, femoral tunnels of 8 mm or less can be drilled through the lateral femoral cortex while still using a suspensory device for graft fixation. With pediatric, double-bundle, and anatomic ACL reconstructions, smaller and shorter tunnels are routinely used. Thus, breaching the lateral cortex when using suspensory fixation may increase tunnel length while still achieving stable fixation.
Reversible amine solubilization of cured siloxane polymers

We report that aliphatic primary and secondary amines completely solubilize crosslinked silicone resins and rubber compositions at room temperature. The solubilization is attributed to nucleophilic cleavage of SiO bonds by amines, which apparently occurs selectively at crosslinking sites. The selectivity may reflect the presence of three oxygen atoms at such sites, which are expected to enhance the electrophilicity of silicon. On evaporation of amine, crosslinks are apparently regenerated as evidenced by solubility characteristics as well as film properties of the reclaimed silicones. In addition to their theoretical interest, these results are potentially important from the standpoint of commercial applications as well, including the possible reclaiming of silicone-constituted furniture molds and the coating of heat-sensitive materials.
PTH/PTHrP and Vitamin D Control Antimicrobial Peptide Expression and Susceptibility to Bacterial Skin Infection

The production of antimicrobial peptides is essential for protection against a wide variety of microbial pathogens and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several diseases. The mechanisms responsible for expression of antimicrobial peptides are incompletely understood, but a role for vitamin D as a transcriptional inducer of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin has been proposed. We show that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3) acts together with parathyroid hormone (PTH), or the shared amino-terminal domain of PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), to synergistically increase cathelicidin and immune defense. Administration of PTH to mouse skin decreased susceptibility to skin infection by group A Streptococcus. Mice on dietary vitamin D3 restriction that responded with an elevation in PTH have an increased risk of infection if they lack 1,25-D3. These results identify PTH/PTHrP as a variable that serves to compensate for inadequate vitamin D during activation of antimicrobial peptide production.
Continuous Facility Location with Backbone Network Costs

We consider a continuous facility location problem in which our objective is to minimize the weighted sum of three costs: 1 fixed costs from installing the facilities, 2 backbone network costs incurred from connecting the facilities to each other, and 3 transportation costs incurred from providing services from the facilities to the service region. We first analyze the limiting behavior of this model and derive the two asymptotically optimal configurations of facilities: one of these configurations is the well studied honeycomb heuristic, and the other is an Archimedean spiral. We then give a fast constant-factor approximation algorithm for finding the placement of a set of facilities in any convex polygon that minimizes the sum of the three aforementioned costs.
Future Directions in the Study of Close Relationships: Conflict Is Bad (Except When It's Not)

Beneficial and detrimental correlates of interpersonal disagreement have been postulated and documented. The conclusion: Conflict is both bad and good. The evidence for these paradoxical effects is summarized. In this essay, we argue that the consequences of conflict for individuals depends on its frequency, the way in which it is managed, and the quality of the relationship in which it arises. Nonlinear patterns of association are hypothesized such that constructive conflicts, particularly those arising in supportive relationships, should (up to a limit) predict more beneficial and fewer detrimental outcomes. In contrast, coercive conflicts, particularly those arising in unsupportive relationships, should predict more adverse and fewer favorable outcomes.
Context-dependence of long-term responses of terrestrial gastropod populations to large-scale disturbance

Large-scale natural disturbances, such as hurricanes, can have profound effects on animal populations. Nonetheless, generalizations about the effects of disturbance are elusive, and few studies consider long-term responses of a single population or community to multiple large-scale disturbance events. In the last 20 y, two major hurricanes (Hugo and Georges) have struck the island of Puerto Rico. Long-term population trends of 17 species of terrestrial gastropod were evaluated to determine whether gastropods respond to hurricane disturbances in a consistent fashion. Some species increased, some decreased, and some exhibited no simple trend in density or spatial variability following disturbance. In addition, some species responded differently to the two hurricanes with respect to population density, absolute spatial variability, or relative spatial variability. Population responses probably hinge on trade-offs between sensitivity to microclimatic changes and resource availability resulting from the relocation of biomass from the canopy to the forest floor. The historical context within which a hurricane occurs may be as important, or more so, than the intensity of the storm, per se.
A service creation environment based on end to end composition of Web services

The demand for quickly delivering new applications is increasingly becoming a business imperative today. Application development is often done in an ad hoc manner, without standard frameworks or libraries, thus resulting in poor reuse of software assets. Web services have received much interest in industry due to their potential in facilitating seamless business-to-business or enterprise application integration. A web services composition tool can help automate the process, from creating business process functionality, to developing executable workflows, to deploying them on an execution environment. However, we find that the main approaches taken thus far to standardize and compose web services are piecemeal and insufficient. The business world has adopted a (distributed) programming approach in which web service instances are described using WSDL, composed into flows with a language like BPEL and invoked with the SOAP protocol. Academia has propounded the AI approach of formally representing web service capabilities in ontologies, and reasoning about their composition using goal-oriented inferencing techniques from planning. We present the first integrated work in composing web services end to end from specification to deployment by synergistically combining the strengths of the above approaches. We describe a prototype service creation environment along with a use-case scenario, and demonstrate how it can significantly speed up the time-to-market for new services.
A low energy cache design for multimedia applications exploiting set access locality

An architectural technique is proposed to reduce power dissipation in conventional caches. Our technique is based on the observation of cache access locality: current access is likely to touch the same cache set including the tags as the last access. We show that considerable amount of power driving the cache tag and data banks can be saved if this cache access locality is fully exploited. This is achieved through buffering and accessing the last accessed cache set instead of driving the tag and data banks. Unlikely previous designs, our technique does not incur performance degradation. Experimental results carried out on 8 KB/16 KB/32 KB data and instruction caches have respectively shown 31%/ 35%/36% and 51%/58%/66% power savings.
Modification of NOAA's National Guidelines for Oiled Marine Mammal Response as a Consequence of the Macondo/Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

ABSTRACT The Macondo/Deepwater Horizon response was the United States' first Spill of National Significance and, as such, had significant challenges over a “normal” oil spill response effort. One c...
Humans and Isotopes: Impacts and Tracers of Human Interactions with the Environment

Radioactive, radiogenic and light stable isotopes have been useful adjuncts in addressing matters of concern to humans including human health, environmental tracers, radioactive geochronometry of the history of humans and forensic uses including reconstructing diets of the past.
La ofensiva empresarial: industriales, políticos, y violencia en los años 40 en Colombia

El autor revela en este libro acontecimientos de mediados del siglo XX que apenas ahora se someten al rigor del analisis cientifico. El tema central del texto es el nacimiento de los poderosos intereses industriales colombianos que, desde entonces, dominan sectores claves del pais. Los empresarios textiles, en su afan de lograr posiciones privilegiadas dentro del establecimiento, recurrieron a muchas y variadas estrategias para desplazar a la vieja burguesia del agro. En esta etapa, y mediante actividades no muy conocidas, participaron destacados protagonistas de la historia nacional. El autor concluye que, aunque los industriales no fueron los causantes directos de la violencia, si se aprovecharon de ella para mantener y aumentar su poder. / Contenido. Preliminares; Capitulo 1 - Introduccion; Capitulo 2 - Los verdaderos duenos de la industria; Capitulo 3 - Industriales, prensa e ideologia; Capitulo 4 - De ciertos caballeros: los lobbyists profesionales; Capitulo 5 - Industriales y comerciantes: Echavarria vs. Aristizabal; Capitulo 6 - La lucha por el proteccionismo en el Congreso; Capitulo 7 - Gaitan y los industriales; Capitulo 8 - El “Bogotazo”; Capitulo 9 - La metamorfosis de Su excelencia; Capitulo 10 - La dictadura y el maravilloso mundo de los negocios; Anexo 01 - Epilogo; Anexo 02 - Bibliografia; Anexo 03 - Cuadernillo; Anexo 04 - Apendices.
Large-area high-efficiency (AlGa)As&#8212;GaAs solar cells

An improved technique for making large-area high-efficiency (AlGa)As-GaAs solar cells is described. This includes a modified infinite melt liquid phase epitaxial process, for growing the desired (AlGa)As-GaAs and GaAs layers. Representative solar cells fabricated in this manner are described. Performance with an air mass zero efficiency in excess of 16 percent is shown, for cells of a 4-cm 2 area. Means are also shown for increasing this efficiency to about 18 percent.
Update on constant-current solid state modulator

The constant-current solid-state modulator in the AN/SPY-1 radar transmitter is described. Modifications required to improve the efficiency and operation of the original design are described. Added protection to the modulator was required, and several changes were made to improve its reliability, simplicity, and cost. The MTI (moving target indicator) performance of the solid-state modulator (SSM) versus the switch-tube modulator (STM) is evaluated in regard to intrapulse noise and clutter attenuation. Future work is outlined which is expected to result in a highly reliable fleet-operated system that will provide a fast response to anti shipping threats from aircraft and missiles. >
Finite amplitude oscillations of flanged laminas in viscous flows: Vortex–structure interactions for hydrodynamic damping control

Abstract In this paper, we study the problem of harmonic oscillations of a flanged lamina in a quiescent Newtonian incompressible viscous fluid. We conduct a comprehensive fluid–structure interaction investigation with the goal of assessing the effect of the presence of the flanges on the added mass and hydrodynamic damping experienced by the oscillating solid. We determine the complex nonlinear hydrodynamic function incorporating these effects via its real and imaginary parts, respectively, and its dependence on three nondimensional parameters that govern the flow evolution. We further investigate in detail the flow physics and the effects of nonlinearities on vortex shedding, convection, and diffusion in the vicinity of the oscillating structure. We find that the added mass effect is relatively independent of the oscillation amplitude and increases with the flange size. On the other hand, the hydrodynamic damping effect is remarkably affected by the interplay of geometry and dynamic parameters resulting into a peculiar non-monotonic behavior. We show the existence of a minimum in the hydrodynamic damping which can be attained via specific control of vortex–structure interaction dynamics and discuss its properties and significance from a physical perspective through analysis of the relevant flow fields. This novel finding has potential application for damping reduction in elastic systems where reduction of energy losses and increase of oscillation quality factor are desired.
Harish-Chandra’s c-Function. A Mathematical Jewel

In his work on spherical functions on semisimple Lie groups G Harish- Chandra showed that these functions’ asymptotic behaviour is governed by a certain meromorphic function c. While he showed that this function determines the Plancherel measure for the spherical transform on G it has later turned out that this c-function plays many other roles in the representation theory of G and in analysis on various homogeneous spaces of G; see particularly Theorems 6.1, 8.1, and 9.1.
The Unwritten Rules of Mentorship: Facilitators of and Barriers to Effective Mentorship in Pediatric Hospital Medicine.

OBJECTIVES: Benefits of effective mentorship include career satisfaction and academic productivity. Given the youth of pediatric hospital medicine (PHM), effective mentorship is a widely acknowledged challenge. This study aimed to characterize successful pediatric hospitalists’ past and current mentorship experiences and identify facilitators of and barriers to effective mentorship in PHM. METHODS: Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with peer-nominated pediatric hospitalists, exploring past and current mentorship experiences and approaches perceived to aid or hinder mentorship relationships from both the mentor and mentee perspectives. Interviews were recorded verbatim, professionally transcribed, and analyzed by using a general inductive approach. RESULTS: Sixteen interviews were conducted and transcribed. Participants reported having a median of 3 mentors and 6 mentees. Three themes emerged regarding how mentors can optimize mentorship: (1) comprehensive focus on the mentee, (2) setting of clear expectations, and (3) acknowledgment of mentors’ limitations. Five themes emerged regarding how mentees can optimize mentorship: (1) preparation, (2) proactivity, (3) continual reevaluation of relationships, (4) willingness to seek mentorship outside of common venues, and (5) building of a mentorship team. Major barriers to effective mentorship included (1) mismatched expectations between mentor and mentee, (2) lack of available mentors in PHM, (3) lack of time/compensation for PHM mentors, and (4) geographic separation between mentor and mentee. CONCLUSIONS: Several themes emerged regarding facilitators of and barriers to effective mentorship in PHM. These “unwritten rules of mentorship” may serve as a guide to establish and maintain beneficial mentorship relationships and overcome challenges.
Audible sphenoid-sellar fistula: An unusual complication of transphenoidal surgery

Eustachian tube problems are relatively common complaints to otolaryngologists' offices. However, clinicians should consider other possibilities when traditional therapies fail to improve symptoms. We present a previously not described case of sphenoid-sellar fistula after transphenoidal surgery causing objective and subjective clicking. Laryngoscope, 126:E314-E316, 2016.
Gender-specific effects of comorbid depression and anxiety on the propensity to drink in negative emotional states.

Background and Aims Depression and anxiety are often comorbid with alcoholism and contribute to craving and relapse. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of life-time diagnoses of major depressive disorder (MDD), substance-induced depression (SID), anxiety disorder (AnxD) and substance-induced anxiety (SIA), the effects of these comorbidities on the propensity to drink in negative emotional states (negative craving), and test whether these effects differ by sex. Design Secondary analyses of baseline data collected in a single-arm study of pharmacogenetic predictors of acamprosate response. Setting Academic medical center and affiliated community-based treatment programs in the American upper mid-west. Participants A total of 287 males and 156 females aged 18–80 years, meeting DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence. Measurements The primary outcome measure was ‘propensity to drink in negative emotional situations’ (determined by the Inventory of Drug Taking Situations) and the key predictors/covariates were sex and psychiatric comorbidities, including MDD, SID, AnxD and SIA (determined by Psychiatric Research Interview of Substance and Mood Disorders). Findings The prevalence of the MDD, SID and AnxD was higher in females compared with males (33.1 versus 18.4%, 44.8 versus 26.4% and 42.2 versus 27.4%, respectively; P < 0.01, each), while SIA was rare (3.3%) and did not differ by sex. Increased propensity to drink in negative emotional situations was associated with comorbid MDD (β = 6.6, P = 0.013) and AnxD (β = 4.8, P = 0.042) as well as a SID × sex interaction effect (P = 0.003), indicating that the association of SID with propensity to drink in negative emotional situations differs by sex and is stronger in males (β = 7.9, P = 0.009) compared with females (β = −6.6, P = 0.091). Conclusions There appears to be a higher prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety disorders as well as propensity to drink in negative emotional situations in female compared with male alcoholics. Substance-induced depression appears to have a sex-specific effect on the increased risk for drinking in negative emotional situations in males.
US Migration to Mexico: Numbers, Issues, and Scenarios

Standard methodologies for determining the number of foreign-born residents living in a nation cannot be used to count the number of US citizens living in Mexico primarily because US citizens are able to move back and forth between the two countries. In this article, data shortcomings are analyzed and a case study of a small coastal community is presented. Forty-four interviews of Mexican and US residents provide insight into issues such as resource usage, assimilation, and other impacts created by a growing foreign population.
Home Environment, But Not Socioeconomic Status, is Linked to Differences in Early Phonetic Perception Ability

Infants perceptually tune to the phonemes of their native languages in the first year of life, thereby losing the ability to discriminate non-native phonemes. Infants who perceptually tune earlier have been shown to develop stronger language skills later in childhood. We hypothesized that socioeconomic disparities, which have been associated with differences in the quality and quantity of language in the home, would contribute to individual differences in phonetic discrimination. Seventy-five infants were assessed on measures of phonetic discrimination at 9 months, on the quality of the home environment at 15 months, and on language abilities at both ages. Phonetic discrimination did not vary according to socioeconomic status (SES), but was significantly associated with the quality of the home environment. This association persisted when controlling for 9-month expressive language abilities, rendering it less likely that infants with better expressive language skills were simply engendering higher quality home interactions. This suggests that infants from linguistically richer home environments may be more tuned to their native language and therefore less able to discriminate non-native contrasts at 9 months relative to infants whose home environments are less responsive. These findings indicate that home language environments may be more critical than SES in contributing to early language perception, with possible implications for language development more broadly.
Multi-level model analysis on factors influencing unmarried adolescent contraception behavior

Objective To explore the influencing factors on contraception behavior among unmarried adolescent in Shanghai with the multilevel model. Methods We chose unmarried adolescents aged 15 to 24 among 60 neighborhood /village committees in Shanghai city through stratified random sampling. Then a 2-level logistic model was fitted. Results The prevalence of contraception among unmarried adolescent of Shanghai was 66. 7%,including 61. 1% for male,and73. 8% for female. According to the results of the 2-level logistic model analysis,the contraception behavior of unmarried adolescent was associated with gender,education,family economy,multi-sex partner and the attitude toward contraception behavior. Conclusion According to the analysis of influencing factors on contraception behavior among unmarried adolescent with the multilevel model,targeted intervention measures based on these factors should be designed for adolescents.
Meatal Based Hypospadias Repair with the Use of a Dorsal Subcutaneous Flap to Prevent Urethrocutaneous Fistula

A technique using a dorsal dartos subcutaneous flap to wrap the neourethra after hypospadias repair is described. This method was used in a series of 204 meatal based repairs. Catheter drainage or diversion was not performed in any nontoilet trained child. The procedure was done on an ambulatory or 1-night hospitalization basis. No patient had a urethrocutaneous fistula. The additional covering of the neourethra with the dorsal subcutaneous flap appears to be excellent for avoiding the development of urethrocutaneous fistulas in patients with distal hypospadias.
The Neurology of Whipple’s Disease

Whipple’s disease is a systemic illness caused by an infection with a bacterium of the Actinomycetes species called Tropheryma whipplei. The infection primarily causes gastroenteritis and malabsorption; however, it could also infect other target organs including the central nervous system (CNS). CNS involvement manifests as a wide spectrum of symptoms such as change in mental status, myoclonus, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. Whipple’s disease is rare and mostly presents with nonspecific symptoms, therefore requiring a high clinical suspicion for prompt diagnosis. Early initiation of antibiotherapy could prevent bacterial dissemination and produce a complete resolution of symptoms.
Design and Evaluation of a Universally Accessible Academic Course Search Portal

The number of disabled students enrolling in postsecondary education is increasing. Many online academic resources have accessibility issues that make them difficult to use by those with temporary or permanent disabilities. This current state exists despite the enactment of laws and regulations regarding accessibility as well as growing interest in the research community in accessibility and universal access. Inaccessibility of these academic resources comes to the fore in time-pressured activities such as registration, where students have a limited time to plan their classes, layout their schedule and register using these tools. In this study an alternative academic course search interface will be designed and developed. It will incorporate existing accessibility guidelines alongside universal design principles to ensure universal and equal access. The new design will be evaluated in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, subjective satisfaction and learnability by people with different abilities and disabilities. Statistical analysis will reveal whether this approach yields significant improvements over the existing tools. The goal of the new design is to significantly increase the efficiency of the current tool both for able bodied and disabled users, by simplifying the process and removing the redundant steps, while addressing the needs of all users from the outset of the design process.
To Be Known, Accepted, and Involved: Investigating Organizational Assimilation in Christian Churches

Church membership is changing due to technology, globalization, and Millennial perspectives on religion. Additionally, churches are organizations without clear delineations between members and nonmembers, and there are few role expectations for attendees. Yet maintaining and growing membership is a necessary and important part of church organizing. Using Gailliard, Myers, and Seibold’s (2010) Organizational Assimilation Index as a framework, this study investigates how members identify their assimilation experiences in Christian churches. Qualitative data from 233 participants provide evidence of three general markers of assimilation in this context: (a) building relationships with other members, (b) being involved in church activities, and (c) learning church culture at both the organizational and religious levels. We present findings that identify specific attributes for each theme and discuss how our findings extend current conceptions of organizational assimilation within organizations.
From Yogācāra to Philosophical Tantra in Kashmir and Tibet

This paper outlines a shift in the role of self-awareness from Yogācāra to tantra and connects some of the dots between Yogācāra, Pratyabhijnā, and Buddhist tantric traditions in Tibet. As is the case with Yogācāra, the Pratyabhijnā tradition of Utpaladeva (10th c.) maintains that awareness is self-illuminating and constitutive of objects. Utpaladeva’s commentator and influential successor, Abhinavagupta (10th–11th c.), in fact quotes Dharmakīrti’s (7th c.) argument from the Pramāṇaviniścaya that objects are necessarily perceived objects (sahopalambhaniyama). That is, everything known is known in consciousness; there is nothing that can be known outside or separate from consciousness. This aspect of Pratyabhijnā thought is shared with Yogācāra. While Utpaladeva drew upon Yogācāra epistemology to formulate a differential construction of objects (via apoha), he departed from this theory to develop a distinctive monistic framework for the interpretation of subjectivity. By appealing to the ultimate reality of a singularly nonconceptual, transcendental subject rather than a plurality of (non)conceptual particulars, Utpaladeva appropriated Dharmakīrti’s epistemological model while turning it on its head. That is, Utpaladeva critiqued Dharmakīrti in one context (his external realism) while he is indebted to him in another (his epistemic idealism) to establish the framework for his own absolute idealism, where everything happens in and through the absolute self that is Śiva. Utpaladeva extended (or made explicit) the place of self-awareness in Yogācāra to formulate an absolute idealism that is the theoretic foundation for philosophical tantra. In this paper, I will chart a trajectory of this development, from Yogācāra to Pratyabhijnā, and show how a parallel development took place in tantric assimilations of Yogācāra in Tibet.
The dilemma of early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging: when efficiency compromises accuracy: case report.

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is critical to the clinical decision-making process for patients undergoing resection of intracranial tumors. The accuracy of immediate postoperative MRI in determining the presence of residual disease following intracranial tumor resection, however, has not been studied. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 57-year-old man underwent an uncomplicated retrosigmoid craniotomy for the resection of a cystic vestibular schwannoma. Immediate gadolinium-enhanced postoperative MRI, performed within 1.5 hours of surgery, was notable for a plaquelike, lobular, avidly enhancing collection with MRI characteristics consistent with fluid density extending from the porus acusticus into the cerebellopontine angle. This anomalous lesion disappeared upon repeat imaging 48 hours later, and the patient had no attributable clinical sequelae. He was discharged home without issues within 12 hours of repeat imaging. CONCLUSION We demonstrate here that immediate postoperative, gadolinium-enhanced MRI scans after tumor resection may result in avid enhancement in the region of surgical manipulation, likely due to leakage of gadolinium chelates into the subarachnoid space from residual compromise of the blood-brain barrier immediately following surgical manipulation. Early imaging is no longer routinely performed at our institution unless otherwise clinically indicated. ABBREVIATIONS FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recoveryIAC, internal auditory canal.
Lessons from the IBM Blue Gene Series of Supercomputers

The Argonne Leadership Computing Facility has operated IBM Blue Gene/L, /P, and /Q series supercomputers for over a decade. This paper discusses the lessons the authors learned from the Blue Gene architecture that are generally applicable to the design and operation of large high performance computing systems.
Activator of G-protein Signaling 3 (AGS3) modulates CXCR2/GRK6 activation and functions: Role of the GPR domain.

Activator of G-protein Signaling 3 (AGS3) is a receptor-independent activator of G-protein signaling which comprises seven tetratricopeptide (TPR) motifs and four GPR motifs joined by a linker sequence. Previous studies have demonstrated that the TPR domain of AGS3 is important for determining the positioning of AGS3 within the cell, whereas the GPR domain serves as a docking site for Gαi-GDP leading to AGS3-Gαi signaling. We have recently shown that GRK6 complexes with AGS3-Gαi to regulate CXCR2-mediated cellular functions including Ca 2+ mobilization, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, receptor desensitization and down-regulation. In the current study, mutants from the GPR and TPR domains were used to determine which motif(s) of AGS3 interact with GRK6 to modulate CXCR2-mediated inflammatory responses. Co-immunoprecipitation studies in transiently transfected HEK 293 cells, and RBL-2H3 cells stably expressing wild-type and mutants AGS3 demonstrated that interleukin 8 (IL-8/CXCL8) activation increases GRK6 interaction with the GPR domain not the TPR. Interestingly, the TPR motif displayed a robust agonist-independent association with GRK6 which was prevented by CXCL8 activation of the receptor. Overexpression of AGS3 and the GPR motif, not the TPR, inhibited CXCR2 mediated intracellular Ca 2+ mobilization and MAPK activation. Taken together, these results indicate that GRK6 interacts with the GPR domain of AGS3 to modulate CXCR2/Gai interaction and signal transduction.
Overview of Surgical Treatment for Ulcerative Colitis

Abstract Surgery has consistently been a mainstay in the treatment of many forms of inflammatory bowel disease including ulcerative colitis (UC). Although surgical techniques and approaches have evolved over time, the ultimate goals of surgery for UC have remained: that is, to alleviate symptoms and mitigate cancer risk while maintaining the highest quality of life. The focus of this review is to provide a structured approach to surgical management of UC. The complexities of choosing the most appropriate surgical approach to this morbid disease will be outlined, along with a discussion of several commonly debated topics in the arena of surgery for UC.
A MICROCOMPUTER BASED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LABORATORY

The design of a cost effective experimental artificial intelligence laboratory is described. Problems inherent in developing device control programs are minimized by using high-level language software to issue commands from a large mainframe to device control software that is resident on a microcomputer in the laboratory. Real world problems involving speech recognition, speech generation, image processing, and robotics are assigned to students using the laboratory.
The Connective Diseases: The Rheumatologist’s Perspective

The rheumatic diseases are an important category of chronic illness. Affecting many millions of Americans, these conditions are a leading cause of disability and contribute significantly to premature mortality in those afflicted. Given their prevalence, the rheumatic diseases contribute disproportionately to the population of patients who will require orthopedic surgery. This chapter presents a broad overview of these conditions, their underlying pathophysiology, and treatment.
The Impact of Human Resource Practices on Low-income Workers in the Context of a Natural Disaster

A team of four researchers interviewed fifty-two displaced employees from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita about the human resource practices of their organizations before and after the hurricanes, attitudes toward their employers, as well as their perceptions of organizational justice, trust and commitment. Using traditional qualitative analytic methods, a team of four researchers found strong, consistent relationships between variables. Findings suggest that organizations may benefit from treating all employees, including low-income employees, as valuable human capital so that employees may feel more committed to helping the organization rebuild after a disaster.
The specificity of Burkholderia symbionts in the social amoeba farming symbiosis: Prevalence, species, genetic and phenotypic diversity.

The establishment of symbioses between eukaryotic hosts and bacterial symbionts in nature is a dynamic process. The formation of such relationships depends on the life history of both partners. Bacterial symbionts of amoebae may have unique evolutionary trajectories to the symbiont lifestyle, because bacteria are typically ingested as prey. To persist after ingestion, bacteria must first survive phagocytosis. In the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, certain strains of Burkholderia bacteria are able to resist amoebal digestion and maintain a persistent relationship that includes carriage throughout the amoeba's social cycle that culminates in spore formation. Some Burkholderia strains allow their host to carry other bacteria, as food. This carried food is released in new environments in a trait called farming. To better understand the diversity and prevalence of Burkholderia symbionts and the traits they impart to their amoebae hosts, we first screened 700 natural isolates of D. discoideum and found 25% infected with Burkholderia. We next used a multilocus phylogenetic analysis and identified two independent transitions by Burkholderia to the symbiotic lifestyle. Finally, we tested the ability of 38 strains of Burkholderia from D. discoideum, as well as strains isolated from other sources, for traits relevant to symbiosis in D. discoideum. Only D. discoideum native isolates belonging to the Burkholderia agricolaris, B. hayleyella, and B. bonniea species were able to form persistent symbiotic associations with D. discoideum. The Burkholderia-Dictyostelium relationship provides a promising arena for further studies of the pathway to symbiosis in a unique system.
Medical Assessment and Triage of Pediatric Patients with Anorexia Nervosa in Primary Care.

OBJECTIVE To examine the medical assessment and triage of pediatric patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) initially seen in primary care. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted for all pediatric patients with AN who had eating/weight concerns and initially identified symptoms in primary care in a single health care system between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016. Information on presenting concern, medical assessment/laboratory tests, clinical diagnoses, treatment recommendations, and referrals were abstracted from the medical record. RESULTS Forty-one (mean age = 13.7 years; SD = 2.2) pediatric patients with AN had eating/weight concerns and initially identified symptoms in a primary care. Overall, only 5% (n = 2/41) of patients received an AN diagnosis during the index visit; a minority were assessed for electrolyte disturbance (n = 20), electrocardiogram abnormality (n = 18), hypothermia (n = 13), binge/purge behaviors (n = 13), orthostatic hypotension (n = 2), or dehydration (n = 1), and only 56% (n = 23) received triage consistent with practice recommendations. Although 61% (n = 25) met criteria for inpatient admission, inpatient hospitalization was recommended for only 2 patients. Patients who received triage consistent with practice recommendations received AN diagnosis and treatment significantly earlier than those who did not (p < 0.01 and p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that pediatric patients with AN may not be receiving medical assessment and triage per practice recommendations in the primary care setting. Understanding barriers to evidence-based care for pediatric eating disorders may inform provider education and system-wide changes to enhance outcomes in these patients.
GYMNAST’S WRIST: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL & RADIOLOGIC FEATURES, TREATMENT & OUTCOMES:

Background:Distal radial physeal stress syndrome, or ‘gymnast’s wrist’ (GW), refers to an overuse condition of the distal radial physis, resulting from repetitive compressive loading and shear forc...
Differential Spread of Grapevine Red Blotch Virus in California and New York Vineyards

Limited information is available on the spread dynamics of grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV, genus Grablovirus, family Geminiviridae) in vineyards. In this study, we investigated red blotch disease...
Edge-Computing Convolutional Neural Network with Homography-Augmented Data for Facial Emotion Recognition

We design a convolutional neural network with homographyaugmented data to deal with facial emotion recognition applications. Different to other convolutional neural networks, our AsicNet is well-designed for embedded CPU and even aiming for ASIC, such as Intel Movidius VPU. We adjust the architecture of our AsicNet and train our AsicNet on the GPU server, meanwhile we consider the computation costs of embedded systems and ASICs. Moreover, we reconsider the deep learning flow and train the homography-augmented data so as to reach higher accuracy. Experimental results on both FER2013 anf JAFFE face datasets show that our AsicNet can not only have high accuracy (72.42% on FER2013; 99.82% on JAFFE) as compared to the state-of-arts but also reach 41.22 millisecond (24.26 FPS) on the embedded CPU and 15.25 millisecond (65.57 FPS) on Intel Movidius VPU to tell the facial emotion from a face image.
Observation of relativistic electron microbursts in conjunction with intense radiation belt whistler!mode waves

We present multi-satellite observations of large amplitude radiation belt whistler-mode waves and relativistic electron precipitation. On separate occasions during the Wind petal orbits and STEREO phasing orbits, Wind and STEREO recorded intense whistler-mode waves in the outer nightside equatorial radiation belt with peak-to-peak amplitudes exceeding 300 mV/m. During these intervals of intense wave activity, SAMPEX recorded relativistic electron microbursts in near magnetic conjunction with Wind and STEREO. This evidence of microburst precipitation occurring at the same time and at nearly the same magnetic local time and L-shell with a bursty temporal structure similar to that of the observed large amplitude wave packets suggests a causal connection between the two phenomena. Simulation studies corroborate this idea, showing that nonlinear wave.particle interactions may result in rapid energization and scattering on timescales comparable to those of the impulsive relativistic electron precipitation.
Factors to Consider in Developing Breast Cancer Risk Models to Implement into Clinical Care.

This article outlines considerations for individuals interested in developing and implementing breast cancer risk models and has relevance for individuals developing risk models with the goal of implementing them into health systems. There has been increased focus on developing risk models for clinical use—often with less attention to model implementation. Epidemiologists developing risk models must think through model outcomes including stakeholder needs; time horizons; terminology and reference groups; and clarity on what actionable steps are for health systems, providers, and patients following its implementation. Model performance needs to be evaluated relative to complexity of the model to be implemented——not only from the risk-prediction perspective but also from the burden of patients, providers, and systems for the amount and frequency of required data collection and with clear actionable steps to be taken with the information collected.
Evaluating the biologically effective dose (BED) concept using a dynamic tumor simulation model.

PURPOSE To evaluate three different formulae for calculating the biologically effective dose (BED) by use of a multipopulation reaction-diffusion simulation to determine whether these formulae produce equivalent effects for different treatment regimes. METHODS The standard BED formula, BEDs , was updated to account both for spacial nonuniformity in dose and for cellular regrowth between fractions, by creating two new formulae: BEDϕ and BEDϕT . These BED formulae were used to calculate dose per fraction values for two, three, and five fraction treatments and to compare the tumor volumes of those treatments to those of a single fraction. A spherical tumor model based on the reaction-diffusion equation was used to calculate the final volume of each tumor 185 days after the delivery of the first fraction. The percent difference in volume between single-fraction and multiple-fraction treatments was used as a measure to test the accuracy of each BED formula. RESULTS Percent differences in volume between single- and multiple-fraction treatment regimes varied up to approximately 18.5% if the dose per fraction was calculated using BEDs but the delivered dose was nonuniform. Proper application of spacial nonuniformity in dose and tumor regrowth correction factors modified the dose per fraction values by no more than 5%, but resulted in the improvement of simulated tumor volumes down to around 2% or lower difference in volume. CONCLUSIONS Treatment regimes with the same BED value should have the same effect. However, small changes in the dose per fraction delivered in multiple-fraction treatments can have a large effect on the tumor volume of a treatment when the dose is delivered nonuniformly or when tumor regrowth between fractions is ignored. Inclusion of these correction factors is important for the underlying assumption that treatments with equal BED will have equal effects on the clinically observed tumor volume.
COVID-19 and Retail Grocery Management: Insights From a Broad-Based Consumer Survey

The grocery retail industry is encountering unique challenges and opportunities during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). The pandemic led to various transformations in the food retail industry, including changes in consumer perception and behavior. Although the pandemic has a situational nature, these transformations could have both temporary and long-lasting effects on reforms of the grocery retail industry. We examined consumer retail grocery shopping behavior change during the pandemic using a national survey among 2500 U.S. adults. Survey results show that consumers now have higher expectations for in-store safety; they have reduced the frequency of store patronage, travel time, and in-store duration; they have shifted from regular shopping schedule and shopping destinations; and they have spent more per shopping trip. The increased spending at brick-and-mortar stores also paralleled with the expanded transactions across various types of online grocery shopping platforms. We further arrived at practical managerial implications in both the short term and long term for brick-and-mortar stores as well as online grocery vendors.