cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Channel properties of the splicing isoforms of the olfactory calcium-activated chloride channel Anoctamin 2

Anoctamin (ANO)2 (or TMEM16B) forms a cell membrane Ca2+-activated Cl− channel that is present in cilia of olfactory receptor neurons, vomeronasal microvilli, and photoreceptor synaptic terminals. Alternative splicing of Ano2 transcripts generates multiple variants with the olfactory variants skipping exon 14 and having alternative splicing of exon 4. In the present study, 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends analysis was conducted to characterize the 5′ end of olfactory Ano2 transcripts, which showed that the most abundant Ano2 transcripts in the olfactory epithelium contain a novel starting exon that encodes a translation initiation site, whereas transcripts of the publically available sequence variant, which has an alternative and longer 5′ end, were present in lower abundance. With two alternative starting exons and alternative splicing of exon 4, four olfactory ANO2 isoforms are thus possible. Patch-clamp experiments in transfected HEK293T cells expressing these isoforms showed that N-terminal sequences affect Ca2+ sensitivity and that the exon 4–encoded sequence is required to form functional channels. Coexpression of the two predominant isoforms, one with and one without the exon 4 sequence, as well as coexpression of the two rarer isoforms showed alterations in channel properties, indicating that different isoforms interact with each other. Furthermore, channel properties observed from the coexpression of the predominant isoforms better recapitulated the native channel properties, suggesting that the native channel may be composed of two or more splicing isoforms acting as subunits that together shape the channel properties.
Crosslinking of Cellulose Acetate with Phosphorus Pentoxide

Reaction dans la pyridine avec ou sans quantites catalytiques d'anhydride triflique conduisant a la formation d'un gel
Purification and characterization of multiple components of human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha.

Twenty-two components of human interferon-a (IFN-a) derived from Sendai virus-induced Namalwa cells were purified by sequential immunoadsorbent affinity chromatography using four monoclonal antibody affinity columns followed by ultrafiltration and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The specific activity ranged from 0.2 to 2.6 x lo8 IU/mg protein on Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells, 0.3 to 4.6 X lo* IU/mg protein on human WISH cells, and lo4 to 7 x lo5 units/mg protein on mouse L929 cells. The apparent molecular weights of the components ranged from 17,500 to 23,300 using nonreducing sodium dodecyl polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and 17,500 to 27,600 using reducing sodium dodecyl polyacylamide-gel electrophoresis. The amino-terminal amino acid sequences were similar among the components as well as to those reported for the cloned human IFN-a genes (Pestka, S. (1986) Methods Enzymol. 119, 3-14). However, four components, f, i, 1, and m, have amino-terminal amino acid sequences which appear to be unique when compared to those predicted from the cDNA clones. One component, prea, has a potential N-linked glycosylation site on the Asn of residues 2 through 4, Asn-Leu-Ser.
Coordinative Organization of Lingual Propulsion during the Normal Adult Swallow

Lingual propulsion during swallowing is characterized by the sequential elevation of the anterior, middle, and dorsal regions of the tongue. Although lingual discoordination underlies many swallowing disorders, the coordinative organization of lingual propulsion during the typical and disordered swallow is poorly understood. The purpose of this investigation was to quantitatively describe the coordinative organization of lingual propulsion during the normal adult swallow. Tongue movement data were obtained from the X-Ray Microbeam Database at the University of Wisconsin. Movement of four pellets placed on specific tongue regions were tracked in 36 healthy adult participants while they swallowed 10 cc of water across five discrete trials. The propulsive action of the tongue during bolus transport was quantified using a cross-correlation analysis. Lingual transit time (LTT), which was defined as the interval (lag time) between the movements of the anterior- and posterior-most tongue regions, was determined to be approximately 168 ms. The average time interval (lag) between the movements of the posterior tongue regions was significantly shorter than the intervals between more anterior tongue regions. The results also suggest that during bolus transport movement patterns of the anterior tongue regions are distinct from those of the posterior tongue regions. Future work is needed to determine if the absence of the observed coordinative organization of lingual propulsion is indicative of oral stage dysphagia.
High-Throughput Silicon Nanophotonic Deflection Switch for On-Chip Optical Networks

We demonstrate error-free (BER<;10-12 ) deflection switching of multiple 40 Gbps channels with an ultra-compact (30×10 μm2 ), low-latency (<; 2 ns), high throughput (over 360 Gbps), and small crosstalk (<; -10 dB) optical switch based on coupled silicon microring resonators.
Simultaneous robot/world and tool/flange calibration by solving homogeneous transformation equations of the form AX=YB

The paper presents a linear solution that allows a simultaneous computation of the transformations from robot world to robot base and from robot tool to robot flange coordinate frames. The flange frame is defined on the mounting surface of the end-effector. It is assumed that the robot geometry, i.e., the transformation from the robot base frame to the robot flange frame, is known with sufficient accuracy, and that robot end-effector poses are measured. The solution has applications to accurately locating a robot with respect to a reference frame, and a robot sensor with respect to a robot end-effector. The identification problem is cast as solving a system of homogeneous transformation equations of the form A/sub i/X=YB/sub i/,i=1, 2, ..., m. Quaternion algebra is applied to derive explicit linear solutions for X and Y provided that three robot pose measurements are available. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of the solution are stated. Computationally, the resulting solution algorithm is noniterative, fast and robust. >
Pooling in Chronic Orthostatic Intolerance Arterial Vasoconstrictive but not Venous Compliance Defects

Background— Orthostatic intolerance is characterized by postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) with exaggerated tachycardia, orthostatic symptoms, and “pooling” (which comprises acrocyanosis and dependent edema when upright). My colleagues and I tested the hypothesis that pooling results from increased venous compliance in POTS patients. Methods and Results— Fifteen patients aged 13 to 19 years were compared with 11 healthy, age-matched controls. The POTS group was divided into patients with high venous pressure (Pv>20 mm Hg) and normal Pv on the basis of resting supine Pv obtained in previous work. Subjects were studied using strain gauge plethysmography to measure blood flow, Pv, and the venous compliance volume-pressure relation while supine and during incremental head-up tilt testing at −10°, 0°, 20°, and 35°. Volume-pressure relations of controls and POTS patients with normal Pv and high Pv were not different and were unchanged by orthostasis. Supine leg peripheral resistance was greater than control r...
Where Are the Sugar Radicals in Irradiated DNA

Numerous sugar radicals have been observed by EPR and ENDOR spectroscopy in X-irradiated nucleosides and nucleotides. However, no sugar radicals have been observed in irradiated DNA. One possibilit...
Changes in thermal resistance of three Salmonella serovars in response to osmotic shock and adaptation at water activities reduced by different humectants.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of osmotic shock and adaptation at low water activity (aw) and the type of humectant used to lower the aw, on heat resistance of three Salmonella enterica serovars (Saintpaul 02-109, Tennessee 2053H, and Elmsbuettel 1236H). The serovars were grown (adapted) or transferred (osmotic shocked) in low-aw broths and subjected to heat treatment at 55°C for up to 45 min; samples were removed at 5-min intervals and immediately placed in an ice-water bath until plating. The aw of tryptic soy broth (TSB) was lowered by the addition of 20% (wt/wt) glycerol (aw 0.94), 4% (wt/wt) sodium chloride (NaCl; aw 0.97), or 35% sucrose (wt/wt) (aw 0.95). The type of humectant and cell adaptation significantly affected the D55°C-value. Cells merely suspended in 20% glycerol broth (i.e., nonadapted) prior to heat treatment showed a larger D55°'C-value (3.0 to 3.9 min), when compared with that of cells adapted in the same medium (D55°C-values of 0.86 to 0.98 min). Interesting...
The Impact of HPV as an Etiological Factor in Gynecological and Oropharyngeal Cancer

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of several viral pathogens linked to human cancer. This article reviews the current worldwide cancer burden related to this pathogen. The article also examines the role of HPV in oropharyngeal and gynecological malignancies, current treatment implications, and future directions in the treatment and prevention of HPV-related disease.
Abstract 5019: Reprogramming the cancer epigenome by “metabolic transduction”

Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL This study focuses on the key concept of “metabolic transduction” as an important general mediator of cellular reprogramming in epithelial cancers. As a result of multiple studies on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in diverse epithelial cancers, the role of developmental plasticity during epithelial differentiation has emerged as a new area of research. Recent data from our lab suggest that metabolites and intermediates in cellular metabolism can act as secondary messengers to dynamically change and globally reprogram epigenetic signatures during normal development, tissue repair, and cancer. We refer to this process as metabolic transduction. Central to this concept is the role played by the C-terminal binding proteins, CTBP1 and CTBP2. Dimeric combination of these factors act as metabolic sensors that function, in the presence of the high energy intermediate NADH, to target multiple classes of chromatin modifying factors, including histone deacetylase, histone methyl-transferases, histone demethylases, DNA methyl-transferases to specific locales throughout the genome. Therefore, CTBP has the potential to mediate widespread changes in the epigenetic landscape and influence broad programs of cellular behavior. Genome-wide profiling studies by ChIP-seq reveal that CTBP controls a network of genes linked to cellular events that influence cellular re-programing or “plasticity” including stem cell transcriptional programs, angiogenesis, and EMT. These studies combined with immuno-histochemical profiling of patient samples indicates that CTBP plays an important role in driving progression of more aggressive forms of breast cancer including Triple Negative Breast Cancer and the basal-like subtypes. Recent studies in our group suggest a role for CTBP in enabling plasticity of cellular fate in malignant cells. Breast cancer cell lines capable of spontaneous de-differentiation into side populations with tumor initiation cell characteristic, such as Sum149PT, are highly enriched in CTBP and are dominated by CTBP controlled pathways. This association has significance in diverse types of cancer, since other transformed cell lines capable of spontaneous de-differentiation into side population, including the endometrial carcinoma cell line HEC-1A, show similar enrichment and dependency on CTBP. These striking similarities suggest that CTBP may represent a driver of a tumor cell plasticity, implicating this tumor cell feature as a new hallmark of epithelial cancers. Therefore, strategies to target CTBP, and cellular reprogramming in general, may provide new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5019. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5019
Improving geriatric trauma outcomes: A small step toward a big problem.

BACKGROUNDBecause of the unique physiology and comorbidities of injured geriatric patients, specific interventions are needed to improve outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a change in triage criteria for injured geriatric patients evaluated at an American College of Surg
Transition from AIS to AIM in Thailand: Progress and Anomalies

The objective of this research is to analyze the progress and map out the anomalies associated in process transition from Aviation Information Service (AIS) to Aeronautical Information Management (AIM) in Thailand. The AIS is provided in Thailand by Civil Aviation Authority of Thailand (CAAT) and is responsible for transition from AIS to AIM in accordance with standard regulations and roadmap provided by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). This research contributes to gauge the status quo and explore the challenges to the current pertaining. It is an exploratory and qualitative research in which triangulation method has been incorporated for data collection. The results are arrived by analysis of secondary data obtained from CAAT and also in depth interview has been conducted with officers of CAAT to obtain the result.The study result found that CAAT has already implemented 3 out of 8 critical processes in transition from AIS to AIM. However the implementation of remaining 5 major processes is in doldrums for which challenges and possible solutions are mapped out.
Siemens 6RA70 Digital DC Converter Used in High-speed Wire Rod Mill

Original Master-Slave drive of Maanshan Iron and Steel High Line use the magnet field reversible and armature irreversible ISA085 control system.The method of preserving the motor and SCR and using Siemens 6RA70 system to make improvement in order to retain the characteristics of magnet field reversible and armature irreversible is introduced.Magnetic circuit and armature circuit communication and three master-slave control communication among three motors are implemented.
The States Can Wait: The Immediate Appealability of Orders Denying Eleventh Amendment Immunity

The Eleventh Amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits federal courts from taking jurisdiction over suits brought against a state by citizens of other states or of foreign nations.' According to the Supreme Court, the amendment embodies a broad constitutional principle of state sovereign immunity.2 The correct characterization of this immunity, however, remains unclear. Is it a right not to stand trial or is it merely a defense to liability? This question becomes important when a state tries to appeal immediately from a denial of a motion to dismiss on Eleventh Amendment immunity grounds. A state will seek immediate review of such an interlocutory order because a reversal would dispose of the case and save the cost of lengthy proceedings in the trial court. Unfortunately for states, federal law generally prohibits immediate appellate review of interlocutory orders.3 Because appeals from interlocutory orders can create piecemeal litigation, the Supreme Court has consistently held that the final judgment rule prohibits immediate review of an interlocutory order unless it is a "collateral order." Under the collateral order exception to the final judgment rule, a state may appeal immediately from a denial of a motion to dismiss on Eleventh Amendment immunity grounds only if the immunity gives the state a right not to stand trial. If it gives the state merely a defense to liability, the state must await final judgment before appealing.
ECG feature detection using randomly compressed samples for stable HRV analysis over low rate links

Wireless biosensors enable continuous monitoring of physiology and can provide early signs of imminent problems allowing for quick intervention and improved outcomes. Wireless communication of the sensor data for remote storage and analysis dominates the device power budget and puts severe constraints on lifetime and size of these sensors. Traditionally, to minimize the wireless communication bandwidth, data compression at the sensor node and signal reconstruction at the remote terminal is utilized. Here we consider an alternative strategy of feature detection with compressed samples without the intermediate step of signal reconstruction. Specifically, we present a compressed matched subspace detection algorithm to detect fiducial points of ECG waveform from streaming random projections of the data. We provide a theoretical analysis to compare the performance of the compressed matched detector performance to that of a matched detector operating with uncompressed data. We present extensive experimental results with ECG data collected in the field illustrating that the proposed system can provide high quality heart rate variability indices and achieve an order of magnitude better RMSE in beat-to-beat heart rate estimation than the traditional filter/downsample solutions at low data rates.
Modular robot task functionality driven by hybrid automata

Reconfigurability, self-reproduction and self-healing are unique behaviors found in the field of modular robotics. These tasks require docking or coupling and reorganizing of modules to form different configurations according to the task requirements. For successful task achievement, efficient information sharing between the modules, better perception of configuration and well-structured motion sequence or docking are very important. In a scenario where sharing resources between different configurations is a priority, it is crucial to have a well-defined, energy-efficient, task-specific and effective strategy of operation. This paper presents a method to (1) discover the topology of a given structure by a master module in a recursive manner, (2) share the information with another master module to compare the utility of current or future configurations and (3) make a successful docking attachment. These all use automata theory to minimize calculation overhead. The first two methods were tested in simulation for an arbitrary ModRED II (Modular Robot for Exploration and Discovery) configuration with nine modules that uses serial communication between modules, and the third was validated in hardware.
Solvent Effects on the Intramolecular Charge Transfer Character of N,N-Diaryl Dihydrophenazine Catalysts for Organocatalyzed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

The nature of intramolecular charge transfer (CT) of N,N-diaryl dihydrophenazine photocatalysts (PCs) in different solvents is explored in context of their performance in organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP). PCs having a computationally predicted lowest energy excited state exhibiting CT character can operate a highly controlled O-ATRP in a wide range of solvent polarities, from non-polar hexanes to highly polar N,N-dimethylacetamide. For PCs having a computationally predicted lowest energy excited state not possessing CT character, their ability to operate a controlled O-ATRP is decreased. This study confirms the importance of CT character in the excited state for N,N-diaryl dihydrophenazine PCs, and a deeper understanding of the activity of CT PCs has enabled the synthesis of polymers of low dispersity (<1.10) in a controlled fashion. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3017–3027
Modeling the Development of Audiovisual Cue Integration in Speech Perception

Adult speech perception is generally enhanced when information is provided from multiple modalities. In contrast, infants do not appear to benefit from combining auditory and visual speech information early in development. This is true despite the fact that both modalities are important to speech comprehension even at early stages of language acquisition. How then do listeners learn how to process auditory and visual information as part of a unified signal? In the auditory domain, statistical learning processes provide an excellent mechanism for acquiring phonological categories. Is this also true for the more complex problem of acquiring audiovisual correspondences, which require the learner to integrate information from multiple modalities? In this paper, we present simulations using Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) that learn cue weights and combine cues on the basis of their distributional statistics. First, we simulate the developmental process of acquiring phonological categories from auditory and visual cues, asking whether simple statistical learning approaches are sufficient for learning multi-modal representations. Second, we use this time course information to explain audiovisual speech perception in adult perceivers, including cases where auditory and visual input are mismatched. Overall, we find that domain-general statistical learning techniques allow us to model the developmental trajectory of audiovisual cue integration in speech, and in turn, allow us to better understand the mechanisms that give rise to unified percepts based on multiple cues.
Abstract 446: Divergent Trajectory Patterns of Systemic Versus Vascular Inflammation over Age in Healthy Caucasian and African-American Families

Objectives: Age and inflammation both are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The association between these two risk factors across lifespan and ethnicity in the general population is poorly understood. Methods: We assessed the relationship of systemic (C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen, haptoglobin and α-acid glycoprotein) and vascular (pentraxin-3, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1) inflammatory burden with age in healthy Caucasian and African-American families with members aged 6 to 74 years (n=267). To collectively assess systemic and vascular risk factors across the age spectrum, a composite z-score for each category of inflammatory markers was calculated based on individual levels. Results: We observed a contrasting pattern in systemic vs. vascular inflammatory burden over age with an increase in systemic but a decrease in vascular inflammatory markers in both ethnic groups (p Conclusions: There was a diverging pattern in systemic vs. vascular inflammatory burden as function of age, which was independent of ethnicity, family correlation and individuals’ metabolic burden. The findings illustrate the complex relationship between age and inflammation, and suggest that a perceived elevation of vascular markers among the very young may be an indication of dynamic growth rather than a disease process.
Loss of L- Selectin Guided CD8+ but not CD4+ Cells, Protects Against Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in a Steatotic Liver

Steatotic liver responds with increased hepatocellular injury when exposed to an ischemic-reperfusion insult. Increasing evidence supports the role of immune cells as key mediators of this injury in a normal (lean) state, but data about their role in a steatotic liver are practically nonexistent. The objective of the current study was to delineate the contribution of specific phenotypes of T cells and adhesion molecules in exacerbated cell death in steatotic liver injury. RNA sequencing was performed on isolated steatotic primary hepatocytes, and T-cell markers were assessed in hepatic lymphocytes after ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Cluster of differentiation 8 knockout (CD8-/- ) and CD4-/- mice along with CD8 and L-selectin antibody-treated mice were fed an HFD, and hepatocellular injury was assessed by histology, propidium iodide injection, and alanine aminotransferase after IRI. RNA sequencing demonstrated a strikingly differential gene profile in steatotic hepatocytes versus lean hepatocytes. After injury, the HFD liver showed increased necrosis, infiltrating CD8+ cells, alanine aminotransferase, and proinflammatory cytokines. Hepatic lymphocytes demonstrated increased CD8+ /CD62L+ (L-selectin) cells in HFD-fed mice after IRI. CD8-/- mice and CD8-depleted C57BL/6 mice demonstrated significant protection from injury, which was not seen in CD4-/- mice. L-selectin blockade also demonstrated significant hepatoprotection from IRI. L-selectin ligand MECA-79 was increased in HFD-fed mice undergoing IRI. Conclusion Blockade of CD8 and L-selectin, but not CD4, ameliorated hepatocellular injury, confirming that CD8+ cells are critical drivers of injury in a steatotic liver; this represents a therapeutic target in steatotic liver injury, underlining the importance of development of therapies specific to a steatotic liver. (Hepatology 2017;66:1258-1274).
Cricket and Colonialism: From Swami and Friends to Lagaan: Play up, play up and play the game—“Vitae Lampada”

(2002). Cricket and Colonialism: From Swami and Friends to Lagaan. South Asian Review: Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 112-128.
Neural Data Visualization for Scalable and Generalizable Single Cell Analysis

Single-cell RNA sequencing is becoming effective and accessible as emerging technologies push its scale to millions of cells and beyond. Visualizing the landscape of single cell expression has been a fundamental tool in single cell analysis. However, standard methods for visualization, such as t-stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), not only lack scalability to data sets with millions of cells, but also are unable to generalize to new cells, an important ability for transferring knowledge across fast-accumulating data sets. We introduce net-SNE, which trains a neural network to learn a high quality visualization of single cells that newly generalizes to unseen data. While matching the visualization quality of t-SNE on 14 benchmark data sets of varying sizes, from hundreds to 1.3 million cells, net-SNE also effectively positions previously unseen cells, even when an entire subtype is missing from the initial data set or when the new cells are from a different sequencing experiment. Furthermore, given a "reference" visualization, net-SNE can vastly reduce the computational burden of visualizing millions of single cells from multiple days to just a few minutes of runtime. Our work provides a general framework for newly bootstrapping single cell analysis from existing data sets.
An Algorithm for the Calculation of Π

(1979). An Algorithm for the Calculation of Π. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 86, No. 8, pp. 694-697.
The spinal needle as a carrier of foreign material.

When used in performing a spinal tap, the conventional 22-gauge spinal needle produces cores of skin or threads of epidermis in 75 per cent of cases. Most of the fresh cores are sucked into the syringe during the test aspiration of the spinal fluid, and some of them may be re-injected into the subarachnoid space with the potential hazards of septic or chemical contamination.
Conflicting discourses, conflicting values

Research designed to elicit middle-school mathematics teachers' perceptions of connections between in-school and out-of-school mathematical reasoning revealed an unexpected clash. The teacher participants gave evidence of valuing both student efficiency and student understanding, but the simultaneous salience of those values was positioned by the teachers as problematic. Rather than viewing efficiency and understanding as complementary aspects of mathematics learning and doing, teachers spoke of the two values as conflicting and in opposition to one another.
Cardiomyopathy in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of serum response factor.

Serum response factor (SRF), a member of the MCM1, agamous, deficiens, SRF (MADS) family of transcriptional activators, has been implicated in the transcriptional control of a number of cardiac mus...
Improvement of Cardiac Vegetations in Antiphospholipid Syndrome with Enoxaparin and Corticosteroids after Rivaroxaban Failure

Cardiac disease is a well-known complication of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), with many patients presenting with valvular thickening or vegetations, referred to as Libman–Sacks endocarditis (LSE). Because cases of APS with cardiac involvement are relatively rare, paucity of large clinical trials studying this complication has made management challenging. In the absence of acute heart failure and embolic events, a medical approach is usually selected, consisting of anticoagulation and possibly corticosteroids when another underlying autoimmune disease is present. However, the role of various anticoagulant classes and the duration of steroid therapy continue to be debated. Here, we present a 45-year-old woman who developed two vegetations in the setting of secondary APS while taking rivaroxaban before experiencing marked improvement with the use of enoxaparin and steroids.
A novel synthetic cannabinoid (Cumyl-4-cyano-BINACA) resulting in hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, and renal failure in a 29-year-old patient: it's not meningitis.

Dear Editor,A 29-year-old man presented to the emergency department (ED) by EMS in March 2017, after a fall at home. Per parents, he had been somnolent and weak for 3 days and vomited once. His onl...
Associations between teacher–child relationships, children’s literacy achievement, and social competencies for struggling and non-struggling readers in early elementary school

Abstract Teacher–child relationships (TCRs) have been found to play important roles in children’s classroom experiences and learning during the elementary school years. Given the importance of TCRs, the present study examined the associations between conflictual and close TCRs, children’s literacy achievement, and children’s social competencies using a sample of 503 kindergarten and first grade non-struggling and struggling readers and their teachers in ten rural schools in the Southeastern United States. Moderation by struggling reader status was also explored in the associations between conflictual or close TCRs and children’s literacy achievement and social competencies. After controlling for child- and teacher-level characteristics, results from multilevel model analyses indicated that conflictual TCRs were significantly related to lower literacy achievement, more internalizing behaviors, more externalizing behaviors, and fewer prosocial behaviors. Close TCRs were not related to child outcomes, and moderation by struggling reader status was not significant.
Reclassification of Burkholderia insecticola as Caballeronia insecticola comb. nov. and reliability of conserved signature indels as molecular synapomorphies.

In the last 4 years, most of the species previously classified as members of the genus Burkholderia have been transferred to the novel genera Paraburkholderia , Caballeronia , Robbsia , Mycetohabitans and Trinickia . However, there have been objections to splitting the genus Burkholderia sensu lato, and based on this taxonomic opinion, strain RPE64T, which has the 16S rRNA gene sequence identical to that of Caballeronia peredens LMG 29314T, has recently been proposed as the type strain of Burkholderia insecticola sp. nov. The arguments against the split were analysed in this study and found to be not convincing enough to revise the taxonomic positions of members of the novel genera. Therefore, based on the results of phylogenetic analyses, including comparisons of 16S rRNA gene sequences and those of concatenated proteins, as well as on the fact that strain RPE64T had all molecular signatures included as Caballeronia -specific markers in the genus description, we propose to reclassify B. insecticola as Caballeronia insecticola comb. nov. The results of this study also showed that ‘ Burkholderia novacaledonica ’ and ‘ Burkholderia ultramafica ’ should be transferred to the genera Caballeronia and Paraburkholderia , respectively.
Thromboelastography-Guided Therapy of Hemorrhagic Complications after Craniopharyngioma Resection: Case-Based Update.

Purpose Thromboelastography (TEG) is a point-of-care test that evaluates the entire hemostatic process. The use of TEG is expanding in multiple pediatric surgical disciplines. However, there is very little literature regarding its application in pediatric neurosurgical patients. Methods The authors provide a case-based update and literature review regarding potential applications of TEG to pediatric neurosurgical patients. Results The authors describe a 12-year-old female who experienced a number of complications after a craniopharyngioma resection. The patient suffered multiple new intraventricular hemorrhages with removal of external ventricular drains. Standard coagulopathy tests did not reveal any abnormalities. However, an abnormal TEG value suggested primary hyperfibrinolysis, which led to a change in medical management. The patient did not suffer any further bleeding episodes after the change in treatment. Conclusions The authors discuss a case where TEG influenced patient management and identified a problem despite normal values of standard laboratory tests. Neurosurgeons should be aware of the potential benefits for TEG testing in pediatric patients.
Rhetorical Listening Pedagogy: Promoting Communication Across Cultural and Societal Groups with Video Narrative

Abstract This article explores the means of applying Krista Ratcliffe’s theory of rhetorical listening into composing and interpreting multimodal texts to facilitate and promote communication across genders, cultures, and classes; especially between privileged classes and marginalized groups. New technologies and media channels have especially changed the ways we communicate and the ways we approach composition classrooms. Digital technologies and multiple modes provide rich rhetorical possibilities for making meanings and articulating our voices effectively. However, these voices cannot be heard if audiences/listeners do not devote effort to rhetorically listen. In this article, I elaborate on the theory of rhetorical listening and its strategies—raising awareness of identification, clarifying potential disidentification, and constructing non-identification that can be applied in listening to multimodal texts for cross-cultural communication. Finally, this paper suggests using rhetorical listening pedagogy in composition classrooms; and illustrates how the theory of rhetorical listening can be applied in multimodal composition teaching to enrich students’ multimodal experiences as well as help them promote cross-cultural communications.
Characterization of Hematopoiesis in Tp53 R172H Mutant Mice

In a cohort of 150 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the most common adult myeloid malignancy, missense mutations in TP53 were more common than frameshift, nonsense, splice site mutations or gene deletions predicted to be inactivating (29 missense compared to 11 inactivating mutations). However, mouse models of hematopoietic cancers often use Tp53 knock-out mice (i.e., modeling inactivating mutations) to study the role of Tp53 mutations on disease pathogenesis. We hypothesize that the type of TP53 mutation (missense vs. deletion) has different effects on hematopoiesis. To test our hypothesis, we characterized the hematopoiesis, including stem and progenitor cells, of wild-type (WT) and Tp53mutant mice. We analyzed two Tp53 mutant mouse models: i) knock-in mice harboring a G-to-A substitution at nucleotide 515 of Tp53 coding for the R172H substitution corresponding to the R175H mutation in humans [Cell. 2004;119(6):861-72], and ii) Tp53 knockout mice [Nature. 1992;356(6366):215-21]. We analyzed Tp53 heterozygous and homozygous knock-in mice (R172H/WT and R172H/R172H, respectively) and knock-out mice (Tp53 +/- and Tp53-/-, respectively). There was no difference in spleen/body weight ratio, complete blood counts, and distribution of mature hematopoietic lineages and stem/progenitor cells in the bone marrow and spleen of R172H/WT, R172H/R172H and WT mice (except for a minor reduction in myeloid-erythroid progenitors in R172H/WT and R172H/R172H mice) (7-15 weeks old, N=8). Compared to all other mice, Tp53-/- mice have significantly higher spleen/body weight ratio (2.24-fold increase compared to WT, p Competitive bone marrow repopulation transplant studies showed that stem cells from Tp53-/-, R172H/WT and R172H/R172H mice have a competitive advantage over wild-type competitor stem cells (N=10, Tp53-/- vs WT, p 0.05), with Tp53 -/- stem cells having the largest advantage based on peripheral blood chimerism (4 months after transplant, the contribution of test cells to the peripheral blood was 55±1.3% in WT mice compared to 92±1.5% in Tp53-/- mice; p Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Adapting a clinic-based HIV stigma intervention to Newark, New Jersey

This study describes implementation of a clinic-based HIV stigma reduction workshop adapted from work done in Africa to an HIV clinic in Newark, New Jersey. Clinic workers and clients participated in a series of four, three-hour workshops designed to reduce HIV-related stigma. Quantitative data, including the Berger HIV Stigma Scale and the HIV Stigma and Discrimination among Health Facility Staff questionnaire, were collected pre- and post-test over a twoweek period and again at 12 months. Average scores on the Berger Scale fell between baseline and the two-week follow-up, but increased above the baseline level after one year. Average scores on the facility questionnaire were low at baseline and decreased over the study period. Results suggest a need for “booster sessions” to ensure that the intervention sustains efficacy in the long-term. Furthermore, the findings from this preliminary work suggest the need for further research and a larger scale intervention using a randomized control trial design to formally test the intervention’s effectiveness.
UNIT 10.4 DNA Sequencing: An Outsourcing Guide

DNA sequencing, the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides in a DNA strand, is a fundamental and ubiquitous method in molecular biology. Examples of its many uses include characterization of unknown DNA, mutation detection, allele identification, and clone construct confirmation. Advances in sequencing technology, motivated by the successful International Human Genome Project, have resulted in unprecedented access to high-quality and cost-effective automated analysis. It is increasingly common for researchers to delegate routine DNA sequencing needs to dedicated laboratories or companies specializing in this technology. In this unit, we discuss key protocols for maximizing the success of DNA sequencing when working with such service providers and describe detailed troubleshooting advice for analyzing anomalous results. Keywords: DNA sequencing; capillary electrophoresis; PCR cleanup; plasmid preparation; chromatogram
Action of automorphisms on irreducible characters of symplectic groups

Abstract Assume G is a finite symplectic group Sp 2 n ( q ) over a finite field F q of odd characteristic. We describe the action of the automorphism group Aut ( G ) on the set Irr ( G ) of ordinary irreducible characters of G. This description relies on the equivariance of Deligne–Lusztig induction with respect to automorphisms. We state a version of this equivariance which gives a precise way to compute the automorphism on the corresponding Levi subgroup; this may be of independent interest. As an application we prove that the global condition in Spath's criterion for the inductive McKay condition holds for the irreducible characters of Sp 2 n ( q ) .
Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches to Child Psychopathology

The contributions to the present volume attest to the importance and complexity of childhood psycho-pathology. Children’s behavioral maladjustment has broad effects, not only on the child at home, in school, and in the peer group, but on family functioning, and community systems. Accurate assessment and effective treatment of childhood psycho-pathology should have immediate and longer term preventive health and mental health benefits for the child, the family, and the community.
Permanent Inferior Vena Cava Filters: Special Considerations

Pulmonary emboli (PE) are the sequelae of a thromboembolic phenomenon within the venous system. They usually originate from a lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) which travels to the lungs, the consequences of which can be life-threatening. Inferior vena cava filters (IVCFs) are used as filtration devices in the IVC to protect against venous thromboembolism (VTE) traveling to the heart and lungs. These devices simultaneously mechanically obstruct thrombi while maintaining blood flow through the IVC. Anticoagulation is the gold standard treatment of thromboembolic disease, and IVCFs neither treat nor prevent VTE [1–3]. Historically, IVC filtration methods began with surgical IVC plication. This was followed by open surgical permanent filter placement such as the Mobin-Uddin umbrella filter and eventually into large sheath percutaneous conical metal filters. In the 1990s, filters with proximal hooks to assist in subsequent percutaneous removal were introduced. IVCFs largely fall into two primary categories, retrievable IVCF (rIVCF) and permanent (pIVCF). Both filter types are currently placed percutaneously into the IVC and using deployment devices. They anchor onto the wall of the IVC using hooks, barbs, or radial force [4]. All rIVCFs are FDA-approved for pIVCF use [5]. In fact, 18–33% of rIVCFs that are placed are kept in place long term as pIVCFs secondary to ongoing increased risk for PE over time [6].
Ethical Compass: Celebration

Let’s raise our glasses to toast our esteemed Chief Judge, the Honorable Janet DiFiore, for making Presumptive ADR a central part of the New York Office of Court Administration’s civil case management. In her February 26, 2019 State of the Judiciary Address, Chief Judge Janet DiFiore announced that the New York Office of Court Administration is formally adopting Presumptive ADR. Although all ADR processes such as settlement conferences, negotiations, arbitration and early neutral evaluation may be used to help settle cases, a focus will be on mediation. Presumptive ADR will apply to almost all civil cases filed in New York Supreme, Civil and Surrogate Courts or NYC Civil Court.
Planted forests and natural regeneration in forest transitions: patterns and implications from the U.S. South

Forest transitions—shifts from deforestation to reforestation—are of increasing interest to scientists and policy-makers due to the importance of forest-related environmental benefits. Forest transitions occur through several pathways, including forest scarcity and economic development, each with different drivers and environmental outcomes. The relative roles of planted forests and natural regeneration in forest transitions are critical but rarely examined. We examined an ongoing forest transition in the USA using county-level data from 1968 to 2017 for 13 southeastern states to analyze the distribution and drivers of forest changes cover for both forest cover types. A forest scarcity pathway predominates in the region, occurring as planted forests have increased in a belt across the Deep South due to government tree planting incentives, urban influence, and demand for wood products. An economic development pathway is characteristic of other areas, where naturally regenerated forests have increased in association with lack of prime agricultural land and little demand for wood products. Where planted forest increased, it replaced both agricultural land and natural forest. We suggest that future forest transitions are more likely to be driven by government incentives and tree planting, and our results provide insight into the forest cover types and patterns we might expect to occur.
Title IX: Separate but Equal for Girls and Women in Athletics

Title IX, the federal civil rights law that prohibits sex discrimination in education, is well known for transforming girls’ and women’s sports. Because the requirements it imposes on scholastic and collegiate athletics do not reflect a single, unified theory of gender equality, it has been aptly dubbed a law of “many feminisms.” Since its early history, Title IX has embraced a system of sex segregation in sports, going against the grain of civil rights statutes that mandate gender integration and formal equality in other realms. However, Title IX’s “separate but equal” regime is increasingly being challenged by feminists who argue that it has not done enough to eliminate gender disparities and inequities in sport and is fundamentally incompatible with the inclusion and fair treatment of transgender and nonbinary athletes. The first two sections of this chapter trace the history of Title IX as it has been applied to sports and present evidence of the dramatic, but unfinished and racially uneven, impact it has had on increasing athletic opportunities for women and girls. The chapter then canvasses the feminist arguments for and against sex segregation in sports and makes the case that a regime of strict sex-separation is no longer the best strategy for assuring girls’ and women’s success in sports and dislodging pernicious stereotypes of women’s inferior athleticism.
A review of nail findings associated with COVID-19 infection.

According to recent data, up to 20% of patients with COVID-19 have cutaneous manifestations. Nails can also develop abnormalities during and after infection. In this article, we review the nail findings observed in patients with COVID-19.
Trends in First-Line Glucose-Lowering Drug Use in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in Light of Emerging Evidence for SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA

OBJECTIVE We evaluated recent use trends and predictors of first-line antidiabetes treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using two large U.S. health insurance databases (Clinformatics and Medicare), we identified adult patients with type 2 diabetes who initiated antidiabetes treatment from 2013 through 2019. Quarterly trends in use of first-line antidiabetes treatment were plotted overall and stratified by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Multinomial logistic regressions were fit to estimate predictors of first-line antidiabetes treatment, using metformin, the recommended first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, as the common referent. RESULTS Metformin was the most frequently initiated medication, used by 80.6% of Medicare beneficiaries and 83.1% of commercially insured patients. Sulfonylureas were used by 8.7% (Medicare) and 4.7% (commercial). Both populations had low use of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i, 0.8% [Medicare] and 1.7% [commercial]) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ra; 1.0% [Medicare] and 3.5% [commercial]), with increasing trends over time (P CONCLUSIONS Among adult patients with type 2 diabetes, metformin was by far the most frequent first-line treatment. While the use of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA was low from 2013 through 2019, it increased among patients with CVD.