cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Thalamic afferents to cytoarchitectonic subdivisions of area 6 on the anterior sigmoid gyrus of the dog: a retrograde and anterograde tracing study.

The cytoarchitecture and thalamic afferents of cortical area 6 located on the anterior sigmoid gyrus were mapped and analyzed in the dog by means of cytoarchitectonic, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and autoradiographic methods. Cytoarchitectonically, area 6 consists of medial and lateral subdivisions that correspond, respectively, to areas 6aα and 6aβ in the cat. In the dog, area 6aα is characterized by a wide layer III, the merging of borders between layers III and V, the presence of small-to-medium-size pyramidal cells in layer V, and a pallisade arrangement of cells in layer VI. Area 6aβ appears more stratified, with a relatively acellular layer present between layers V and VI and the presence of large pyramidal cells in layer V. Neither area 6aα nor 6aβ contains a layer IV. Data obtained from injections of HRP into areas 6aα or 6aβ revealed that labeled thalamic neurons were distributed in a longitudinal band extending from the rostral part of the ventral anterior nucelus (VA) through the caudal part of the mediodorsal nucleus (MD). Labeled cells were observed in the ventral and ventral medial thalamic nuclei as well as in several of the intralaminar nuclei including the central lateral, central medial, parafascicular, and centrum medianum nuclei. A few labeled cells were also located in the suprageniculate nucleus. The densest thalamic labeling was present in VA and MD following injections into area 6aα. Equivalent or even larger injections into area 6aβ resulted in much less thalamic labeling. The band of labeled cells also extended into the hypothalamus, zona incerta, amygdala, claustrum, periaqueductal gray of the midbrain, and the nucleus of Darkschewitsch. Results from autoradiographic experiments showed that area 6 subdivisions receive a loosely organized topographic input from VA. Injections of tritiated amino acids were made into selected regions of VA and into the caudal part of MD, areas in which the largest numbers of HRP-labeled cells were located. Area 6aα receives afferents primarily from the rostromedial part of VA and the caudal part of MD while area 6aβ receives its principal input from the caudal and lateral parts of VA with minimal input from MD. Axons originating from VA terminate in both layers I and III of area 6 while those originating from the caudal part of MD terminate only in layer III. The results of this study show that area 6 in the dog may be divided cytoarchitectonically into two distinct regions, each of which receives a characteristic pattern of thalamic inputs. The organization of these inputs, as well as those from other, nonthalamic subcortical areas, lends anatomical support for the functional division of area 6 into an electrophysiologically defined medial eye movement field and a lateral supplementary motor area.
Effect of drying methods on molecular properties and functionalities of disulfide bond-cleaved soy proteins

Effects of drying methods on hydrophobicity, solubility, water hydration capacity, viscosity, and adhesive strength of soy protein isolates treated with Na2SO3 (disulfide bond-cleaving agent) were investigated. Treatment with 0.1 M Na2SO3 resulted in 28% decrease in disulfide linkages in soy proteins. While hydrophobicity and solubility increased, waterholding capacity of soy proteins decreased due to the treatment. Spray-dried product had higher hydrophobicity, solubility, water hydration capacity, and viscosity compared to freeze-dried product. Adhesive strength on wood increased due to modification; however, the drying process had no significant effect on this property. Viscosities of spray-dried product, freeze-dried product, and unmodified soy proteins were 2,200, 100, and 240 cP, respectively. Fluorescence spectra of spray-dried and freezedried products indicated a partial folding of molecules around tryptophan. High-performance liquid chromatographic elution profiles showed no significant differences in molecular sizes of unfolded molecules of spray-dried and freeze-dried proteins.
Theoretical investigation of graphitic BeO

The possibility of whether BeO, a wide-band-gap semiconductor (7.8--10.7 eV), may exist in the layered graphitic phase---as do the other members of the family of first-row compounds C and BN---is investigated employing a first-principles total-energy local-density-approximation study of the electronic structure of this series of compounds in the layered and the dense wurtzitelike phases. We obtain the minimum-energy path between these phases in BeO and compare with those of C and BN. The chemical trends responsible for the relative metastability along the series are revealed after a detailed analysis of the differences of the energy components of the compounds in the two phases. We also offer a process for the synthesis of BeO which is based on recent progress in the synthesis of new graphitic materials by chemical vapor deposition.
Morphology of Tetragonal ZrO2 in a Ternary (Mg,Y)-PSZ

On etudie la precipitation de ZrO 2 quadratique (t) dans une zircone partiellement stabilisee par MgO et Y 2 O 3 . La germination de t-ZrO 2 se produit de facon homogene, les precipites etant multivariants et presentant une morphologie tetraedrique inhabituelle
The forced vibrational response of a rectangular parallelepiped with rigid-lubricated boundaries

Abstract The Green function for a rectangular parallelepiped with rigid-lubricated boundaries is developed by a normal mode approach, the free vibration solutions being used. Explicit solutions are presented for a concentrated impulse, which serves as a model for an acoustic emission stress wave, and for a concentrated step force. Numerical results for short times show good agreement with the infinite space solution. Analogous solutions are developed for the inverse boundary conditions.
Influence of clerkship sites on National Board of Medical Examiners surgery subject examination performance

Abstract Background As one measure of comparability of student experiences on a 2-month surgery clerkship, scores on the National Board of Medical Examiners Surgery Subject Examination (NSSE) were evaluated against a number of variables. Methods NSSE scores for 701 students completing the surgery clerkship over 3.5 years were analyzed. Students rotated at academic, VA, and community hospitals with 1 month of general surgery paired with 1 month of a surgical subspecialty. The effect of 15 rotation site pairings on NSSE performance was analyzed by analysis of variance. The relationship of site-specific student evaluation variables and NSSE scores was examined by stepwise multivariate linear regression. Results No statistical differences were demonstrated between NSSE scores and site-specific parameters of duty hours, resident participation, or type of hospital, nor between NSSE scores and paired sites constituting the overall clerkship experience. Conclusion Performance on the NSSE was not impacted by any assigned paired sites, supporting comparability of overall clerkship experiences.
Aortic Valve Opening at Hospital Discharge After HeartMate II Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation Is Associated With Improved Renal Function at 3 Months

Background: While novel therapies may assist in myocardial recovery in patients maintained on LVassist devices (LVADs), it is not clear how best to measure intrinsic cardiac contractile function in the unloaded state. We sought to determine if global and regional cardiac strain measured by echocardiographic deformation imaging could be accurately and reproducibly measured in LVAD patients, and to determine the relationship between these measures and estimates of myocardial metabolism and blood flow by positron emission tomography (PET). Objective: To describe the interrelation between measures of cardiac function and structure, myocardial blood flow and metabolism in patients with advanced heart disease living on left ventricular assist devices. Methods: 7 Patients with end-stage heart failure (4 ischemic, 3 nonischemic) on LVAD support were prospectively evaluated using both PET and ECHO, imaged on the same day, at the same VAD settings. Regional circumferential strain, myocardial blood flow, and glucose metabolism were assessed in mid-short axis slices at the level of the papillary muscles and related. Results: Mid-ventricular global strain was low in all patients, but it was lower in patients with CAD versus non-ischemic patients (-4.6% 6 0.4 vs. -7.3% 6 2.9, p50.054; normal 5 O -23%). Despite 4 patients labelled with ischemic cardiomyopathy, only 1 had a definite region of infarction on PET. Regional strain correlated well with myocardial perfusion (r5 -0.89, p50.01) and metabolism (r5 -0.843, p50.03) in the CAD patient with an infarcted region (Figure 1), but not in CAD patients without MI or in non-ischemic patients.
RESTORING ESTHETICS AND ANTERIOR GUIDANCE IN WORN ANTERIOR TEETH

ABSTRACT Background Developments in adhesive dentistry have given the dental profession new restorative materials and technology to restore esthetics and function to the worn anterior dentition. This article illustrates, through a clinical case study, the clinical requirements for restoring esthetic harmony and functional stability to the worn anterior dentition. Case Description The author presents the case of a 24-year-old man who sought esthetic dental treatment because he was unhappy with the appearance of his maxillary anterior teeth. The review of his dental history revealed that he ground his teeth at night. The author performed a complete evaluation of the causes of the patient's bruxism and created a diagnostic preview to, among other things, develop the relationship between the condylar and anterior guidance and to establish the esthetic requirements for the final restorations. Treatment included periodontal recontouring, tooth preparation and placement of temporary and then permanent restorations; the patient also was given an occlusal guard to protect the restorations against future bruxing. Clinical Implications Whatever the cause of occlusal instability, it is important that the restorative dentist be able to recognize its signs—such as tooth hypermobility, tooth wear, periodontal breakdown, occlusal dimpling, stress fractures, exostosis, muscle enlargement and loss of posterior disclusion. When restoring the worn dentition, the clinician should bear in mind the five P's: proper planning prevents poor performance.
A meta-analysis evaluation of supplementing dried distillers grains plus solubles to cattle consuming forage-based diets 1

Data from 20 (13 pasture grazing and 7 confinement-fed) forage-based growing studies utilizing 790 steers and heifers supplemented dried distillers grains (DDGS) were analyzed using mixed models to determine the response to supplementing different levels of DDGS on gain and forage intake. Thirty-eight treatment means (442 cattle) were from grazing cattle supplemented DDGS (range: 0.00 to 1.03% BW/d). Twentyeight treatment means (348 cattle) were from confinement-fed cattle supplemented DDGS (range: 0.00 to 1.27% BW/d). Outcomes of interest were the effect of DDGS intake on forage intake (confinement studies), final BW, and ADG. In pasture grazing studies, final BW increased linearly (P < 0.01) and tended to increase quadratically (P = 0.07) with increasing DDGS supplementation. Daily gain increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increased DDGS supplementation. Results from confinement-fed studies indicate that final BW (P < 0.01) and ADG (P < 0.01) increased quadratically with increasing DDGS supplementation. Intakes measured in the confinement studies suggest that increasing DDGS supplementation increases total DMI (P < 0.01) quadratically, even though forage intake decreases (P < 0.01) quadratically with increased DDGS supplementation. Results from all studies indicate that increasing DDGS supplementation increases ADG and final BW, and supplementation of DDGS replaces some forage in forage-based diets fed to growing cattle.
The use of the Deaver Retractor to visualize staple line haemorrhage following stapled anopexy

Postoperative haemorrhage is a recognized complication of any haemorrhoidectomy procedure. It can be difficult to visualize a staple line haemorrhage in the presence of large circumferential haemorrhoids. We describe a technique to aid visualization of the staple line in this situation.
Study on Improvement of Abrasion Resistant Performance of Fitting

Serious abrasion occurs in power transmission lines in gale, more wind area, mountain micro- terrain meteorological zone in Xinjiang and coastal monsoon zone in our country in recent year. Carry out analysis on reasons of serious abrasion of the fittings under action of gale. Develop research on improvement of abrasion resistant performance of the fittings, forward method to improve abrasion resistant performance of the fittings from structure, materials and process etc aspects.
Mathematical modeling of 16S ribosomal DNA amplification reveals optimal conditions for the interrogation of complex microbial communities with phylogenetic microarrays

Motivation: Many current studies of complex microbial communities rely on the isolation of community genomic DNA, amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) and subsequent examination of community structure through interrogation of the amplified 16S rDNA pool by high-throughput sequencing, phylogenetic microarrays or quantitative PCR. Results: Here we describe the development of a mathematical model aimed to simulate multitemplate amplification of 16S ribosomal DNA sample and subsequent detection of these amplified 16S rDNA species by phylogenetic microarray. Using parameters estimated from the experimental results obtained in the analysis of intestinal microbial communities with Microbiota Array, we show that both species detection and the accuracy of species abundance estimates depended heavily on the number of PCR cycles used to amplify 16S rDNA. Both parameters initially improved with each additional PCR cycle and reached optimum between 15 and 20 cycles of amplification. The use of more than 20 cycles of PCR amplification and/or more than 50 ng of starting genomic DNA template was, however, detrimental to both the fraction of detected community members and the accuracy of abundance estimates. Overall, the outcomes of the model simulations matched well available experimental data. Our simulations also showed that species detection and the accuracy of abundance measurements correlated positively with the higher sample-wide PCR amplification rate, lower template-to-template PCR bias and lower number of species in the interrogated community. The developed model can be easily modified to simulate other multitemplate DNA mixtures as well as other microarray designs and PCR amplification protocols. Contact: [email protected] Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Terrestrial vertebrate communities at black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) towns

We capitalized on a regional-scale, anthropogenic experiment—the reduction of black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) towns across the Great Plains of North America—to test the hypothesis that decline of this species has led to declines in diversity of native grassland vertebrates of this region. We compared species richness and species composition of non-volant mammals, reptiles and amphibians at 36 prairie dog towns and 36 paired sites in the Panhandle Region of Oklahoma during the summers and falls of 1997, 1998 and 1999. We detected 30 species of mammals, 18 species of reptiles and seven species of amphibians. Comparisons between communities at prairie dog towns and paired sites in the adjacent landscape indicated that while richness per se was not necessarily higher in towns, they did harbor significantly more rare and imperiled species. Species that were positively associated with prairie dog towns during one or both seasons (summer and fall) included badgers (Taxidea taxus), eastern cottontails (Sylvilagus floridanus), coyotes (Canis latrans), grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster), swift fox (Vulpes velox), pronghorn antelopes (Antilocapra americana), striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), cattle, thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus), black-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus califonicus), barred tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum), plains spadefoot toads (Scaphiopus bombifrons), Great Plains toad (Bufo cognatus), Woodhouse’s toad (Bufo woodhousii), prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalis viridis), western plains garter snakes (Thamnophis radix), Texas horned lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum), and ornate box turtles (Terrapene ornata). # 2003 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Magnitude-Related Earthquake Ground Motions

A set of charts is presented that relate earthquake magnitude and distance from source to peak horizontal acceleration, velocity, and duration for hard and soft sites. The charts are in two groups: one for shallow plate boundary earthquakes with focal depths ≤ 19 km; another for subduction zone earthquakes with focal depths ≥20 km. The motions that are obtainable from these charts are for use where dynamic analyses are contemplated and cyclic loading is required that approximates the effect of earthquakes as they would be felt in the free field at an engineering site.
Capacity of an integrated LCD/UDD WCDMA cellular network

Analytical characterisation of low constraint delay (LCD) traffic on the uplink in a WCDMA cellular network is a well-understood procedure. However, integration of UDD traffic into existing models is not immediately obvious. For example, a common approach to uplink capacity estimation of an integrated LCD/UDD WCDMA system simply involves choosing an activity factor that represents the latency of a UDD service when computing the pole capacity. Whilst adopting this approach allows us to compute the number of simultaneous UDD users that can be supported an the air interface, it does not take into account the GoS requirements of the UDD services under consideration. Moreover, the notion of priority between delay tolerant/intolerant services is not incorporated in this approach. In addition to the uplink, integrated LCD/UDD dimensioning of the downlink in a WCDMA cellular network has received little/no attention in the open literature. As a result, the focus of this paper is two-fold. First, we formulate a new pole capacity-based approach to the integrated LCD/UDD uplink capacity estimation problem. Secondly, we give a pole condition on the power requirements of the Node B, and show that the approach for integrated LCD/UDD dimensioning developed for the uplink can be readily applied to the downlink.
On bivariate cumulative damage models with application

Bivariate cumulative damage models are proposed where the responses given the damages are independent random variables. The bivariate damage process can be either bivariate Poisson or bivariate gamma. A bivariate continuous cumulative damage model is investigated in which the responses given the damages have gamma distributions. In this case evaluation of the joint density function and bivariate tail probability function is facilitated by expanding the gamma distributions of the conditional responses by Laguerre polynomials. This approach also leads to evaluation of associated survival models. Moments and estimating equations are discussed. In addition, a bivariate discrete cumulative damage model is investigated in which the responses given the damages have a distribution chosen from a class that includes the negative binomial, the Neyman Type-A, the Polya-Aeppli, and the Lagrangian Poisson. Probabilities are obtained from recursive formulas which do not involve cancellation error as all quantities are non-negative. Moments and estimating equations are presented for these models also. The continuous and the discrete models are applied to describe the rise of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with age.
On Hope, Promise, and Possibility in Counseling Psychology or Some Simple, but Meaningful Observations about Our Specialty

In this article, IO broad-based trends that seem to characterize counseling psychology are identified The trends focus on changes having occurred and occurring in (a) research and training, (b) special populations, (c) assessment, counseling, and counseling training and supervision, (d) vocational psychology, and (e) Division 17. Evidence supporting each trend is presented, and some brief discussion about the significance of these trends for our specialty's future is provided.
Remodeling: How Vessels Narrow

Vascular narrowing is the fundamental defect characterizing atherosclerosis and hypertension. This loss of physiological caliber occurs despite the remarkable ability of normal vessels to maintain the caliber appropriate for the blood flow needed for the subservient organ. Indeed, the ability to adjust caliber must be very primitive. The vessel tree, like any closed circuit, can only continue to conduct blood if each branch has an appropriate resistance to flow. Flow, moreover, is proportional to the fourth power of the radius. Thus, the normal vessel wall must and does have an exquisite mechanism for controlling lumen size.
Study of an ammonia-based wet scrubbing process in a continuous flow system

A continuous gas and liquid flow, regenerative scrubbing process for CO{sub 2} capture was demonstrated at the bench-scale level. An aqueous ammonia-based solution captures CO{sub 2} from simulated flue gas in an absorber and releases a nearly pure stream of CO{sub 2} in the regenerator. After the regeneration, the solution of ammonium compounds is recycled to the absorber. The design of a continuous flow unit was based on earlier exploratory results from a semi-batch reactor, where a CO{sub 2} and N{sub 2} simulated flue gas mixture flowed through a well-mixed batch of ammonia-based solution. During the semi-batch tests, the solution was cycled between absorption and regeneration steps to measure the carrying capacity of the solution at various initial ammonia concentrations and temperatures. Consequentially, a series of tests were conducted on the continuous unit to observe the effect of various parameters on CO{sub 2} removal efficiency and regenerator effectiveness within the flow system. The parameters that were studied included absorber temperature, regenerator temperature, initial NH{sub 3} concentration, simulated flue gas flow rate, liquid solvent inventory in the flow system, and height of the packed-bed absorber. From this testing and subsequent testing, ammonia losses from both the absorption and regeneration steps weremore » quantified, and attempts were made to maintain steady state during operations. Implications of experimental results with respect to process design are discussed.« less
Finish what you start: A study of Design Team change initiatives' impact on agency climate

Abstract This study employs a multi-site longitudinal design to examine the effect of a Design Team intervention on organizational climate. Thirteen private, not-for-profit child welfare agencies from one state participated in a Design Team intervention to address workforce needs. A total of 407 workers from those agencies responded pre and post intervention to a survey that measures worker perceptions of the psychological climate of their organization using the Parker Psychological Climate Survey. Workers in organizations that completed the Design Team intervention had statistically significant increases in three of the four dimensions of the Parker scale. On the role dimension, significant change was noted on all three subscales on the interaction between Time 1 and Time 2 (ambiguity: p = 0.012; conflict: p = 0.04; overload: p = 0.05). On the organization dimension, the justice and support subscales had significant differences in the desired direction (justice: p = 0.05; support: p = 0.03). On the supervisor dimension, significant change was observed in the desired direction for both the goal emphasis and work facilitation subscales (goal emphasis: p = 0.02; work facilitation: p = 0.00). Statistically significant improvements in the organizational climates of child welfare agencies suggest the benefit of future research to test the effectiveness of Design Team interventions in other service areas. These findings build on intervention research with organizations by linking the ability of an organization to fully implement a change initiative to their capacity to improve the workplace climate for employees.
Characterization of Weld Metal Deposited With a Self Shielded Flux Cored Electrode for Pipeline Girth Welds and Offshore Structures

Pipeline girth welds deposited with a self-shielded flux cored electrode process (FCAW-S) have been characterized to assess the effect of micro-alloying elements on microstructure and precipitate evolution and correlate it to strength and toughness. A 2.0 mm diameter electrode was used to deposit weld metal in a 12.7 mm thick API grade X-70 pipe joint. The weld metal properties were characterized and shown to overmatch the pipe. The DBTT of the weld metal has been determined through Charpy V-Notch toughness measurements. The effect of heat input and welding procedure has been assessed over a range of heat inputs (1–1.5 kJ/mm.). The effect of dilution from the base plate on toughness has been assessed by measuring the sensitivity of weld metal toughness to changes in carbon content. The as-welded region of the weld has been characterized using different characterization techniques. Ferritic weld metal deposited with a self-shielded arc welding process has intentional additions of aluminum, magnesium, titanium and zirconium. This results in a complex precipitation process that has been characterized with a combination of electron microscopy techniques. The effect of micro-alloying additions on the variant selection during the austenite to ferrite transformation and microstructure evolution has been studied with electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) in conjunction with orientation imaging microscopy (OIM). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the precipitate evolution in these welds. The evidence shows that the formation of a spinel oxide is critical for the nucleation of nitrides of zirconium and titanium and prevents the agglomeration of aluminum rich oxides and the formation of large aluminum nitrides. The evolution of precipitate formation is critical to limit large inclusions and improve weld metal toughness. The presence of titanium and zirconium increases the fraction of high angle grain boundaries within the microstructure resulting in increased resistance to crack propagation. The characterization of the microstructures at two different carbon contents indicates the greater propensity to form twin related variants with increase in carbon content. This suggests a lower transformation temperature of austenite and may be the reason for poor toughness.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Adventures in Aircraft Design with John McMasters

John was not only an accomplished aerodynamicist, but a true champion of 'looking at the big picture'. Although he designed airfoil sections used on underwater gliders and bio-inspired high-lift devices for windmills, his enthusiasm for unconventional airplane concepts motivated students to think differently, and for themselves. The paper highlights a few of John's most interesting aircraft configurations and recounts the adventures in working with him on several of these ideas over the past twenty years.
Inappropriately low red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and p50 in transfused beta-thalassemia.

The relationships among hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red cell 2,3- diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), and p50 were studied in 20 chronically hypertransfused patients with thalassemia major. In the nontransfused control group, which included normal individuals as well as patients with sickle cell disease or iron deficiency anemia, the Hb correlated inversely with both 2,3-DPG concentration and p50, as is well established. In contrast, however, prior to transfusion, at the nadir of Hb, patients with thalassemia major had inappropriately low 2,3-DPG concentrations and p50s. These findings occurred in all patients, regardless of whether they had received packed, leukocyte-poor, or frozen-thawed red cells. The hypothesis that the time of blood storage was a factor was excluded by repeatedly transfusing one patient with packed red cells administered within 4 hr of collection in CPDA-1. A second hypothesis, that red cell function might be impaired by the iron- overloaded thalassemic environment, was excluded by studying a newly diagnosed, newly transfused patient with aplastic anemia. In both cases, the same inability to appropriately increase 2,3-DPG and p50 as the Hb fell during the intertransfusion interval was noticed. These data suggest that red cells of chronically transfused patients are unable to adapt to the decline in Hb that occurs during the intertransfusion interval.
Study On The Correlation Between Body Mass Index,Waist Circumference And Hypertension,Hyperglycosemia,Hyperlipoidemia Among The Adults In Rural Areas Of Juchao District,Chaohu City

Objective To study the correlation between body mass index(BMI),Waist Circumference(WC) and hypertension,hyperglycosemia,hyperlipoidemia among the adults in rural areas of Juchao district,chaohu City,and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of the related diseases.Methods A total 709 adults were randomly sampled in rural areas of Juchao district in 2009 as the subjects,and the relationship between BMI,WC and hypertension,hyperglycosemia,hyperlipoidemia were analyzed.Results In rural areas of Juchao district,the prevalence rates of hypertension,hyperglycosemia,hyperlipoidemia of the adults ascended with the rising of BMI and WC.There was no correlation between the prevalence of hyperglycosemia and WC(χ2=2.95,P=0.086),In addition,the other two index were all correlated with BMI and WC(P0.05).The abnormal rates of blood pressure(BP),blood glucose and blood lipids had no significant differences between people with abdomen obesity and people with body-type obesity.Conclusion In rural areas of Juchao district,in order to prevent and control the prevalence,the disability rate and the mortality of adult obesity and its related diseases,the department concerned should pay more attention to the control of obesity in the prevention and treatment of the chronic diseases,and should take some comprehensive control measures directly for the shared risk factors of these diseases.
Technical Countermeasures for Further Raising Hybrid Rice Yield in Sichuan Province

Based on the investigation of the yield levels of present rice production in the southeastern,western plain,central and northern rice-growing regions of Sichuan Province,the correlation of grain yield to its constituents was analyzed.The technical countermeasures for further increasing hybrid rice yield were put forward for Sichuan Province.
Nephrectomy: Indications and Complications in 347 Patients

AbstractThe indications, complications and mortality rate in a recent 12-year experience with 347 nephrectomies were reviewed. Renal tumor is the most frequent condition requiring nephrectomy, probably because of the improved, non-ablative methods to treat inflammatory, obstructive, calculous and hypertensive renal disease. The over-all mortality rate was 1.4 per cent but was almost nil in the absence of malignancy.
Effects of interleukin-1 on hematopoietic progenitors: evidence of stimulatory and inhibitory activities in a primate model.

The effects of recombinant human interleukin-1 rhlL-1 beta (rhlL-1b) on hematopoietic recovery following chemotherapy in a primate model were investigated. Cynomolgus monkeys received 1 μg/kg/day rhlL-1 b intravenously for 2, 1, and 14 days following 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment (75 mg/kg × 2 days). Compared with controls, a significantly shortened time to achieve an absolute neutrophil (ANC) count over 500/μL was observed in animals receiving 2- and 7-day courses of rhlL-1b (17 v 30 days), while animals receiving a 14-day course of rhlL-1b achieved an ANC over 500/μL. by 23 days. Concomitantly, a marked increase in granulocyte-macrophage colonies (CFU-GM) was observed at 14 days following 5-FU in animals receiving 2- and 7-day rhlL-1b courses. In animals receiving a 14-day rhlL-1b course, a significant increase in CFU-GM relative to control was not seen until 21 days post 5-FU. Utilizing a serum-free colony assay system, a 50% inhibition of normal marrow CFU-GM growth was observed with the addition of sera obtained on day 9 post 5-FU from animals receiving rhIL-1b for 14 days. Sera obtained at any time from animals receiving 2- and 7-day rhlL-1 b treatment did not show any growth inhibition. Addition of antibodies to TNFa to the coculture assay abrogated the CFU-GM growth inhibition. TNFa levels in sera with the inhibitory activity was relatively high (918 pg/mL). Our data indicate that rhlL-1b enhances hematopoietic recovery following 5-FU if administered for short periods of time (≪7 days), whereas prolonged administration has a counterproductive effect that is due in part to the induction of TNFa production. © 1989 by Grune & St ration. Inc.
An unusual solution to complicated prostatic urethral stricture: modified pull-through urethroplasty-urethroneocystostomy

A modified transpubic pull-through procedure was used in a failed Solovov-Badenoch pull-through repair of a traumatic prostatomembranous urethral stricture. The modification consisted of an incision of the intracrural septum through which the mobilized bulbous urethra was then passed and anastomosed to the most available dependent portion of the anterior bladder wall. The outcome was an unexpectedly good result that has persisted for more than 30 months. A review of the literature revealed no absolutely similar procedure.
Acute and chronic changes in luteinizing hormone secretion and postpartum interval to estrus in first-calf suckled beef cows exposed continuously or intermittently to mature bulls

The objective of this study was to determine whether patterns of LH secretion are acutely or chronically affected by the presence of mature bulls in postpartum first-calf suckled beef cows exposed to bulls either continuously or intermittently beginning on d 30 after birth. Crossbred cows were assigned randomly to be either continuously exposed to (BE ; n = 20) or isolated from bulls (NE ; n = 32) at calving, or exposed continuously (NEBE ; n = 10) or intermittently (BEI ; n = 21) to bulls beginning on d 30. The BEI cows were exposed to bulls for 2 h every 3rd d for 18 d. Ten cows from the NEBE, BEI, and NE treatments only were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters. Intensive blood sampling of NEBE and BEI cows began within 45 min after they were placed with bulls for 2 h on d 30, and for BEI cows on each d after 2 h of exposure. Samples were collected at 15-min intervals for 6 h beginning on d 30 for NEBE, BEI, and NE cows ; sampling continued at 3-d intervals until d 48. Samples were assayed for LH by RIA. Cows were observed twice daily (am :pm) for estrus. More (P =.07) BE and NEBE (75%) cows showed estrus by the end of the study than BEI and NE cows (48%). Interval to estrus was longer (P .10) among treatments on d 30 after birth. However, mean LH and LH pulse frequency were higher (P = .06) for NEBE and BEI cows than in NE cows. Baseline LH and amplitude and duration of LH peaks did not differ (P >.10) over the seven sampling periods among NEBE, BEI, or NE cows. Mean LH and LH pulse frequency were higher (P <.05) in NEBE and BEI cows than in NE cows on each sampling period. Exposing first-calf suckled beef cows to bulls on d 30 after birth increased mean LH concentrations by increasing pulse frequency within a short period after a 2-h exposure. Thereafter, mean LH concentrations were higher in cows that were either continuously or intermittently exposed to bulls. Although mean LH and LH pulse frequency in NEBE and BEI cows were similar, intervals to estrus after bull exposure differed between treatments. The mechanism whereby bulls alter postpartum interval to estrus seems to involve other factors that may be related to but not directly linked with LH secretion.
Hypertension with mineralocorticoid administration to the Long-Evans rat.

1. The Carworth Long-Evans rat has been reported to develop adrenal-regeneration hypertension but not deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertension. Deficiency of a hypothalamic receptor for deoxycorticosterone which mediates saline polydipsia has been postulated to underlie this resistance. Since a mineralocorticoid etiology for adrenal-regeneration hypertension has been postulated and all mineralocorticoids are thought to act on common receptors, these previous reports are difficult to reconcile. 2. To determine if an absolute or relative resistance to mineralocorticoids is present, Charles River Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats were given 40 mg (107 μmol) of DOCA pellets/rat or 250 μg (0·65 μmol) of 2α-methyl-9α-fluorocortisol/day subcutaneously. 3. Saline polydipsia occurred with both steroids with both rat strains, though significantly less with the Long-Evans rats. Both types of rats became hypertensive and developed cardiac and renal enlargement with both steroids. Hypertension developed more rapidly with 2α-methyl-9α-fluorocortisol. 4. Thus mineralocorticoid hypertension can be produced in the Charles River Long-Evans rat, and the development of adrenal-regeneration hypertension in this rat strain is not incompatible with a mineralocorticoid etiology for adrenal-regeneration hypertension.
True Yankees: The South Seas and the discovery of American identity

In the years between 1783 (the Peace of Paris) and 1844 (the Treaty of Wangxi), Americans participated actively in the Old China or Indies trade. Hundreds of Americans traversed the Great South Sea...
Finite block length coding for low-latency high-reliability wireless communication

This paper takes a step towards making practical cooperative protocols for wireless low-latency high-reliability communication. We consider the effect of finite block-length error correction codes and the main message is that the demands on the error-correcting code are different in different phases of a diversity-seeking cooperative protocol: In the first hop where messages must reach potential relays, the code only has to achieve a moderate probability of error. The final hop from relays to the destination is where the code must be ultrareliable. The results are illustrated in the context of a simple concatenated Hamming+Reed Solomon code.
Continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis led to lower rates of peritonitis and dialysis-related hospital admission than continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for patients with renal failure

Source Citation de Fijter CW, Oe LP, Nauta JJ, et al. Clinical efficacy and morbidity associated with continuous cyclic compared with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Ann Intern Med. 1994...
Design, modelling and optimal power and hydrogen management strategy of an off grid PV system for hydrogen production using methanol electrolysis

Abstract Hydrogen used as an energy carrier and chemical element can be produced by several processes such as gasification of coal and biomass, steam reforming of fossil fuel and electrolysis of water. Each of these methods has its own advantage and disadvantage. Electrolysis process is seen as the best option for quick hydrogen production. Hydrogen generation by methanol electrolysis process (MEP) gained much attention since it guarantees high purity gas and can be compatible with renewable energies. Furthermore, due to its very low theoretical potential (0.02 V), MEP can save more than 65% of electrical energy required to produce 1 kg of hydrogen compared to water electrolysis process (WEP). Electrolytic hydrogen production using solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is positioned to become as one of the preferred options due to the harmful environmental impacts of widely used methane steam reforming process and also since the prices of PV modules are more competitive. In this paper, hydrogen production by MEP using PV energy is investigated. A design of an off grid PV/battery/MethElec system is proposed. Mathematical models of each component of the system are presented. Semi-empirical relationship between hydrogen production rate and power consumption at 80 °C and 4 M concentration is developed. Optimal power and hydrogen management strategy (PHMS) is designed to achieve high system efficiency and safe operation. Case studies are carried out on two tilts of PV array: horizontal and tilted at 36° using measured meteorological data of solar irradiation and ambient temperature of Algiers site. Simulation results reveal great opportunities of hydrogen production using MEP compared to the WEP with 22.36 g/m2 d and 24.38 g/m2 d of hydrogen when using system with horizontal and tilted PV array position, respectively.
Endoscopic and histopathological analysis of incidental focal colorectal 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in PET/CT scan: Colonoscopic evaluation is warranted.

Abstract Background Unexpected focal colorectal 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake has become a common clinical dilemma. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical significance of incidentally detected colorectal lesions on PET/CT scans by comparing positive PET/CT findings with endoscopic and histopathological analysis. Methods A retrospective analysis of a colonoscopy database was reviewed. All patients that underwent colonoscopy secondary to focal incidental uptake on PET/CT were evaluated. PET/CT findings were correlated with endoscopic and histopathological results. Results 84 patients underwent colonoscopy secondary to incidental focal colorectal uptake on PET/CT. A total of 63 patients had an endoscopic and histological confirmation of the area of abnormality, for a positive predictive value of 75%. Newly diagnosed colorectal carcinoma was discovered in 13 patients (15.4%) and forty-four patients (52.3%) were discovered to have a premalignant lesion. Conclusion Incidental focal colorectal uptake of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose is associated with a substantial risk of underlying neoplastic colorectal lesions. Early identification of these lesions may alter patient management and treatment plans.
Help! Dean Drowning in Survey Requests.

Frequently, if not weekly, I receive an email from a pharmacy faculty member, resident, or student who is conducting survey research and is requesting that I complete the survey, forward it to the appropriate faculty member to complete, or forward it to students. Scholarly inquiry is embedded in our
The Trappings of Physical Education: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

This article is a reflection on the progress that has been made toward improving physical education, and on the idea of changing its name.
Regional leukoaraiosis and cognition in non-demented older adults

Frontal lobe-executive functions are heavily dependent on distal white matter connectivity. Even with healthy aging there is an increase in leukoaraiosis that might interrupt this connectivity. The goal of this study is to learn 1) the location, depth, and percentage of leukoaraiosis in white matter among a sample of non-demented older adults and 2) associations between these leukoarioasis metrics and composites of cognitive efficiency (processing speed, working memory, and inhibitory function), and episodic memory. Participants were 154 non-demented older adults (age range 60-85) who completed a brain MRI and neuropsychological testing on the same day. Brain MRIs were segmented via Freesurfer and white matter leukoaraiosis depth segmentations was based on published criteria. On average, leukoaraiosis occupied 1 % of total white matter. There was no difference in LA distribution in the frontal (1.12%), parietal (1.10%), and occipital (0.95%) lobes; there was less LA load within the temporal lobe (0.23%). For cortical depth, leukoaraiosis was predominantly in the periventricular region (3.39%; deep 1.46%, infracortical 0.15%). Only increasing frontal lobe and periventricular leukoaraiosis were associated with a reduction in processing speed, working memory, and inhibitory function. Despite the general presence of LA throughout the brain, only frontal and periventricular LA contributed to the speeded and mental manipulation of executive functioning. This study provides a normative description of LA for non-demented adults to use as a comparison to more disease samples.
Uniaxial Diffusional Narrowing of NMR Lineshapes for Membrane Proteins Reconstituted in Magnetically Aligned Bicelles and Macrodiscs

Structure and dynamics of membrane proteins can be effectively studied by oriented-sample solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques when the lipid bilayers are macroscopically aligned with respect to the main magnetic field. Magnetic alignment of the protein-containing membrane bilayer results from the negative susceptibility anisotropy of the lipid hydrocarbon interior yielding perpendicular sample alignment. At this orientation, while the uniformity of alignment represents an essential prerequisite for obtaining high-quality NMR spectra, further line narrowing is obtained by uniaxial motional averaging of the azimuthal parts of the chemical shift anisotropies and dipolar couplings. The motional averaging is brought about by uniaxial rotational diffusion of the protein molecules about the normal to the membrane surface, which is perpendicular to the magnetic field. Uniaxial averaging is efficient when the motion about the axis of alignment becomes sufficiently fast (on the timescale of the dipolar couplings and chemical shift anisotropies). Line narrowing under uniaxial rotation can be theoretically modeled using the stochastic Liouville equation. In this mini-review, we illustrate the method of uniaxial averaging for the relatively small Pf1 coat protein which exhibits excellent resolution in magnetically aligned bicelles due to its fast uniaxial diffusion and even superior resolution in large (30 nm) nanodiscs (macrodiscs) stabilized by a belt peptide. Spectra of Pf1 coat protein in polymer-stabilized macrodiscs, an alternative and more robust alignment media, are presented. We also report on preliminary spectra of a much larger protein—uniformly 15N labeled M1-M4 domain for the human acetylcholine receptor. While some spectral resolution is apparent, significantly broader linewidths emphasize the need for creating fast rotating discoidal membrane mimetics.
Soybean seed physiology, quality, and chemical composition under soil moisture stress

Soybean seed quality is often determined by its constituents which are important to sustain overall nutritional aspects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of soil moisture stress during reproductive stage on seed quality and composition. Plants were subjected to five levels of soil moisture stresses at flowering, and yield and quality traits were examined at maturity. Seed protein, palmitic and linoleic acids, sucrose, raffinose, stachyose, N, P, K, and Ca significantly decreased whereas oil, stearic, oleic and linolenic acids, Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu, and B increased in response to soil moisture deficiency. The relationship between seed protein and oil was negatively correlated. The changes in seed constituents could be due to changes in nutrient accumulation and partitioning in soybean seeds under water stress. This information suggests the requirement of adequate soil moisture during flowering and seed formation stages to obtain the higher nutritional value of soybean seeds.