cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Association Between Laryngeal Cancer and Asbestos Exposure: A Systematic Review.

Importance It has been debated whether a link exists between laryngeal cancer and asbestos exposure. Prior systematic reviews have been conducted on this topic, but no updates have been performed on the most recent literature since 2000. Objective To provide an updated systematic review of the association between laryngeal cancer and asbestos exposure. Evidence Acquisition A search of electronic databases, including PubMed and the Cochrane Library, was performed for articles published between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2016. Search terms, including laryngeal cancer and asbestos , were used to identify publications reviewing the risk of laryngeal cancer in association with asbestos exposure. Studies analyzing this association that were published in any language and translated reliably were included. Two independent reviewers assessed articles based on predetermined eligibility criteria. Each study was reviewed for quality using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence and assessed for their findings of support for or against a correlation between asbestos exposure and laryngeal cancer. Findings A total of 160 studies were retrieved from all databases, and 2 additional articles were identified by cross-references. Of the 162 articles screened, 15 articles comprising 438 376 study participants were included in this review. Of these 15 studies, 10 showed no correlation between asbestos exposure and laryngeal cancer. The remaining 5 studies claimed a correlation between asbestos exposure and incidence of laryngeal cancer, although only 1 accounted for smoking or alcohol exposure while 3 others did not, and 1 study included only 2 patients. Conclusions and Relevance Although asbestos is considered hazardous and carcinogenic, current evidence is lacking to support a correlation between asbestos exposure and laryngeal cancer. Few studies have been able to definitively conclude a causal association between asbestos exposure and laryngeal cancer, and those that found an association often did not account for the confounding factors of tobacco and alcohol exposure.
A Preliminary Investigation of Learner Characteristics for Unsupervised Dialogue Act Classification.

For tutorial dialogue systems, classifying the dialogue act (such as questions, requests for feedback, or statements) of student natural language utterances is a central challenge. Recently, momentum is building for the use of unsupervised machine learning approaches to address this problem because they reduce the manual tagging required to build dialogue act models from corpora. However, unsupervised models still do not perform as well as supervised models in terms of accuracy. This paper presents an unsupervised dialogue act modeling approach that leverages the influence of learner characteristics, particularly students’ perceptions of their own skill, on their language use. The experimental findings show that leveraging skill perception within dialogue act classification improves performance of the models, producing better accuracy. This line of investigation will inform the design of nextgeneration tutorial dialogue systems, which leverage machinelearned models to adapt to their users.
Endothelial Protective Monocyte Patrolling in Large Arteries Intensified by Western Diet and Atherosclerosis

Rationale: Nonclassical mouse monocyte (CX3CR1high, Ly-6Clow) patrolling along the vessels of the microcirculation is critical for endothelial homeostasis and inflammation. Because of technical challenges, it is currently not established how patrolling occurs in large arteries. Objective: This study was undertaken to elucidate the molecular, migratory, and functional phenotypes of patrolling monocytes in the high shear and pulsatile environment of large arteries in healthy, hyperlipidemic, and atherosclerotic conditions. Methods and Results: Applying a new method for stable, long-term 2-photon intravital microscopy of unrestrained large arteries in live CX3CR1-GFP (green fluorescent protein) mice, we show that nonclassical monocytes patrol inside healthy carotid arteries at a velocity of 36 μm/min, 3× faster than in microvessels. The tracks are less straight but lead preferentially downstream. The number of patrolling monocytes is increased 9-fold by feeding wild-type mice a Western diet or by applying topical TLR7/8 (Toll-like receptor) agonists. A similar increase is seen in CX3CR1+/GFP/apoE−/− mice on chow diet, with a further 2- to 3-fold increase on Western diet (22-fold over healthy). In plaque conditions, monocytes are readily captured onto the endothelium from free flow. Stable patrolling is unaffected in CX3CR1-deficient mice and involves the contribution of LFA-1 (lymphocyte-associated antigen 1) and α4 integrins. The endothelial damage in atherosclerotic carotid arteries was assessed by electron microscopy and correlates with the number of intraluminal patrollers. Abolishing patrolling monocytes in Nr4a1−/− apoE−/− mice leads to pronounced endothelial apoptosis. Conclusions: Arterial patrolling is a prominent new feature of nonclassical monocytes with unique molecular and kinetic properties. It is highly upregulated in hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in a CX3CR1-independent fashion and plays a potential role in endothelial protection. # Novelty and Significance {#article-title-38}
HER2 mutations in lung adenocarcinoma: A report from the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium (LCMC).

8060 Background: A variety of somatic mutations and gene rearrangements have been described in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium (LCMC) tested for the presence ...
Caribbean Migratory Experiences in Queen Macoomeh's Tales from Icebox Land and Mutabaruka's Poetry

This essay analyzes the various ways in which Queen Macoomeh's Tales from Icebox Land (2007) and selected poems of Mutabaruka represent the conditions of Caribbean immigrants in either Canada, England, and (or) the United States since the 1960s and 70s. The paper attempts to uncover the subversive, diasporic, and postcolonial qualities of pivotal West Indian literature that mainstream journals and scholars have neglected. In an attempt to reveal the intellectual and resistive nature of such literature, I place the two authors' writings in historical contexts which reveal the multifaceted experiences of expatriate West Indian populations who have fought hard for equality, citizenship, admissibility, and cultural space in Canada, England, and (or) the United States since the middle of the twentieth century.
Concordance between patient-reported and physician-reported sexual function after radical prostatectomy.

Abstract Purpose Accurately tracking health-related quality-of-life after radical prostatectomy is critical to counseling patients and improving technique. Physicians consistently overestimate functional recovery. We measured concordance between surgeon-assessed and patient-reported outcomes and evaluated a novel method to provide feedback to surgeons. Materials and methods Men treated with radical prostatectomy self-completed the International Index of Erectile Function-6 questionnaire at each postoperative visit. Separately, physicians graded sexual function on a 5-point scale. International Index of Erectile Function -6 score Results From 2009 to 2015, 3,053 men completed at least 1 postprostatectomy questionnaire and had a concurrent independent physician-reported outcome. Prior to implementation of feedback in 2013, patients and physicians were consistent as to ED 83% of the time; in 10% of cases, physicians overestimated function; in 7% of cases, physicians, but not patients reported ED. Agreement increased after implementation of feedback but this was not statistically significant, likely owing to a ceiling effect. Supporting this hypothesis, increase in agreement postfeedback was greater during late follow-up (≥12 mo), where baseline agreement was lower compared to earlier follow-up. Conclusions Agreement was higher than expected at baseline; implementation of feedback regarding discrepancies between patient-reported and physician-assessed outcomes did not further improve agreement significantly. Our observed high rate of agreement may be partly attributed to our institutional practice of systematically capturing patient-reported outcomes as part of normal clinical care.
Hidden Costs of Financial Value: Anxiety-Related Health Outcomes and the Zero-Sum Aspects of Money

Despite the proliferation of financial value in firms and across society, little is known about the health consequences of this trend on individuals and local communities. Through a combination of ...
The role of dialecticism and reviewer expertise in consumer responses to mixed reviews

Abstract An overwhelming majority of consumers read online reviews prior to making purchase decisions, and such reviews often contain both positive and negative evaluations about a company or a brand. However, there is scant research examining how reviewer expertise and dialecticism (i.e., understanding of contradictory information) simultaneously influence the impact of review valence (i.e., either univalent positive/negative or mixed) on consumers’ attitude certainty and decision comfort. The study findings indicate that when reviews are written by non-experts, high dialectical thinkers exhibit similar levels of attitude certainty across univalent and mixed review conditions. Conversely, low dialectical thinkers exhibit higher levels of attitude certainty in the univalent (vs. mixed) review condition. Such an interaction between review valence and dialectical thinking is attenuated when reviews are written by experts. Theoretical and practical implications will be discussed.
John A. Cornell (1941–2016)

(2016). John A. Cornell (1941–2016) Journal of Quality Technology: Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 301-302.
Implementation and assessment of wall friction models for LWR core analysis

Abstract The modeling of frictional pressure drop in the nuclear thermal hydraulics subchannel code, CTF, is improved through the addition of three new modeling options. Two of the new models allow the code to account for the effects of surface roughness and the third enables a user-supplied option. After the initial implementation, a variety of analyses are performed to test the software quality. First, a series of defect tests are designed for both single- and multi-channel configurations which compare simulated results to approximate solutions. The single-channel tests assess the friction model implementation; a suite of three-by-three bundle tests are used to ensure proper implementation of the roughness averaging scheme. The maximum relative error in the pressure drop over all defect tests is less than 0.15%. A solution verification test is performed to ensure that the first order numerical scheme in CTF is not significantly disrupted by the friction model. Finally, the wall friction model is validated using both separate and integral effects experimental data. Overall, the software quality, verification, and validation procedure ensures that the new model is coded correctly, that it properly interacts with the rest of CTF, and that it can be used to model real-world data for turbulent single-phase flow. The work completed herein provides a complete demonstration of modern coding practices. Future work could include a formal equation analysis of the numerical error in the friction model, as well as an analysis of validation data for one dimensional two-phase flow.
Mapping Fire Risk in Mediterranean Ecosystems of California: Vegetation type, Density, Invasive Species, and Fire Frequency

California ecosystems and climate have characteristics that promote to wildfire, particularly in the dry late summer and fall seasons. Over recent decades, fire severity and number of fires has increased. In many cases, the changing fire regimes have been concurrent with the spread of invasive annual grasses into shrub and woodland habitats that provide dry fuel in the late summer/fall season. Remote sensing data, especially high spatial resolution airborne hyperspectral data has contributed to better mapping of vegetation types and characteristics and assessment of the biophysical condition of the vegetation, mostly related to drought status. These data can provide inputs to improved wildfire risk models. The temporal 1-day and 8-day resolution of the weather satellites contributes information on vegetation dynamics, particularly MODIS, which provides spatially distributed changes in canopy water content as the vegetation in these fire prone ecosystems dries and fire risk increases. Lastly, we describe a new multitemporal classifier to monitor early detection of near real-time fire ignitions using the half-hourly geostationary satellite.
Image Quality: Measures and Visual Performance

Analysis, research, and recommendations regarding the image quality of displays have come from a variety of disparate sources, intended for a wide variety of applications and uses. These sources of data include those which mathematically describe images for purposes of determining analog system requirements, as in commercial and closed-circuit television; the encoding studies which are designed to minimize transmission and storage bandwidth; and the psychophysical studies which attempt to relate physical measures of the image to what the user or observer believes to be “image quality” in a utility sense. It is not surprising that persons with academically and scientifically different backgrounds have performed these many and diverse studies, and it is similarly not surprising that there is a general lack of familiarity of results from one segment of the research and engineering community to the next.
Removing Arbitrary Handicaps: Protecting the Right to Education in Horváth and Kiss v. Hungary

On January 29, 2013, in Horvath and Kiss v. Hungary, the European Court of Human Rights held that educational testing in Hungary violated the European Convention on Human Rights. The court found that the tests used in Hungary had a disproportionate effect on the Roma population and that the state has a positive obligation to remedy such practices. This Comment argues that the imposition of positive obligations on states to provide safeguards for disadvantaged groups, like the Roma, is an effective method to correct a troubled history of racial segregation in public schools. This Comment also argues that without such obligations on the part of states, disadvantaged children face the threat of losing a fair and real right to education.
Using Trade Incentives to Promote Customer Relationships in a Retail Setting

Suppliers and retailers use a variety of techniques designed to motivate salespeople to engage in specific selling behaviors that will provide results that will assist in achieving either the supplier's or retailer's goals. One method that is commonly applied is the sales incentive. This research examines popular forms of incentives to assess the relationships that exist between the incentives offered and salesperson behaviors. The study also examines the types of incentives commonly used by both suppliers and retailers and salesperson perceptions of these incentives. To accomplish this, 95 salespeople working for a major automotive parts company responded to questions designed to assess their attitudes and behaviors toward incentives. The results provide information which may be valuable to manufacturers, retailers, and academicians as they investigate the use of incentive based compensation programs and sales force behavior.
Social Justice in UX: Centering Marginalized Users

The primary assumption of human-centered design is that humans should be the focus of design and decision making when creating technology and information products. However, when certain types of people are consistently centered, others are intentionally or unintentionally pushed to the margins or left out altogether. In this panel, the speakers discuss how centering overlooked, vulnerable, or marginalized audiences leads to different design considerations, methods, practices and resulting designs. Topics include issues of queering consent, humanitarian organizations and interventions, multilingual user experience, and women of color in design. The panel concludes with a discussion of the implications of centering marginalized audiences and a call for a reinvigorated conceptualization of ethics in UX.
Improved Supervision and Safety of Discharges Through Formal Discharge Education

The goal of this study is to evaluate change in residents' assessment of supervision and safety of the discharge process after formal discharge instruction education. An educational lecture and workshop addressing high-risk medications, medication reconciliation, follow-up, and handoffs were provided to internal medicine residents. Residents were given a longitudinal survey before and after the discharge education session. Significant improvement in perception was demonstrated in review of discharge instructions ( P < .001), review of new medications/side effects with patients ( P < .001), and review of discharge instructions with and receiving feedback from attending physicians ( P < .001). On review of 40 discharge instructions pre and post intervention, there was an improvement in completion of instructions for high-risk medications ( P < .05 [14 insulin, 26 anticoagulation]). This intervention was viewed positively by residents; more than two thirds of all residents favored a process of formal training over the current model of "training by doing."
Exploring Police Response to Mental Health Calls in a Nonurban Area: A Case Study of Roanoke County, Virginia

Due to a lack of community mental health services, police departments in nonurban/rural communities are often the first and only resource available for individuals experiencing mental health issues...
Executing Analytics and Fusion Workloads on Transient Computing Resources in Tactical Environments

Transient computing is an emerging paradigm where the availability of resources is uncertain, transient and varies over time. Transiency arises in many environments such as cloud computing, ad-hoc computing, and energy-aware computing and raises many new challenges for applications. In a cyber-physical system, for instance, transiency can cause the availability and capacity of computing, network and sensing resources to vary over time in an unpredictable manner. At the same time, the data produced by sensors in the cyber-physical environment will need to be processed by fusion and analytic tasks that themselves have time-varying resource needs. In this paper, we argue for the use of the transient computing paradigm as a principled approach for handling the challenges seen in highly-dynamic IoT environments. We discuss several challenges in running fusion and analytic workloads in these environments and present initial research directions for addressing these challenges.
Neighborhood effects on parcel-level water use

Planning for urban water conservation requires an understanding of how and where water is used in cities. There is significant evidence that urban water use is related to the characteristics of the residents, housing types, and landscaping patterns. At the same time, a growing body of research has shown geographic clustering of high or low water use at the neighborhood scale. This paper explores how the characteristics of neighborhoods influence water use at the parcel scale. We hypothesized that neighborhood characteristics influence water use through social dynamics as well as the physical structure of the neighborhood. Using a dataset for almost 75,000 parcels across 248 neighborhoods in Salt Lake City, Utah, we used multilevel modeling to determine how nine characteristics of neighborhoods influenced parcel-level water use. Almost a quarter (24%) of the variation in parcel-scale water use was explained by neighborhood characteristics. Controlling for key parcel-level drivers of water use, we determined that several neighborhood factors were significantly associated with parcel-level water use. For residential properties, parcels in more homogeneous suburban neighborhoods dominated by detached single family-owned homes and family households used more water than comparable parcels in neighborhoods with mixed housing and household types. Neighborhood effects were more pronounced for residential parcels than commercial, and more for outdoor than indoor water use. We suggest that planning and design strategies at the neighborhood level can contribute to urban water conservation.
Power and On-Board Propulsion System Benefit Studies at NASA GRC

This paper discusses the value of systems studies that provide unbiased 'honest broker' assessments of the quantified benefits afforded by advanced technologies for specific missions. The organization, format, and approach used by the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) Systems Assessment Team (SAT) to perform system studies for the GRC advanced power and on-board propulsion technology development program is described. Three levels of assessments and a sensitivity analysis are explained and example results are presented. The impact of system studies results and some of the main challenges associated with systems studies are identified. A call for collaboration is made where system studies of all types from all organizations can be reviewed, providing a forum for the widest peer review to ensure accurate and unbiased technical content, and to avoid needless duplication.
Screening of populations at high risk for breast cancer

The approach to screening patients at high risk for breast cancer has thus far been challenging to standardize, given limited high-level evidence in this population. The approach has evolved given the development of more effective screening modalities, including digital breast mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, and other emerging technologies. This review will discuss identification of high-risk patients, approaches to genetic counseling and testing, and evidence behind screening modalities and algorithms in this special population.
Multi-Agent System-based Distributed Energy Management in Smart Grid under Uncertainty

This paper proposes a robust distributed energy management scheme for smart grid operation under uncertainty. In this proposed approach, the centralized optimization was formulated with incremental cost based consensus algorithm and solved in a distributed manner. A multi-agent system was developed in Java Agent Development (JADE) framework to communicate with the neighbour agents in a privacy-preserving environment while solving for the distributed optimization problem. The uncertainty of the load and renewable energy generators was also statistically modelled in this paper. The result showed that the proposed algorithm converges very fast compared to the existing algorithms and it was compared with the centralized approach to justify its effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Adverse childhood experiences, posttraumatic stress, and FKBP5 methylation patterns in postpartum women and their newborn infants

Abstract Background Genetic variation and epigenetic mechanisms involving the stress-related gene FKBP5 have been implicated in the intergenerational transmission of trauma-related effects in adult offspring of trauma-exposed caregivers, but these processes have not been fully explored in postpartum women and their newborn infants. Methods Women recruited from a prenatal care clinic during their third trimester of pregnancy (N = 114) completed a battery of instruments assessing adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), adversity in adulthood, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, negative emotional state, and emotion dysregulation. FKBP5 rs1360780 genotype and intron 7 methylation were derived from saliva collected from postpartum mothers and their newborn infants within 24 h of delivery. Results Allele-specific associations of methylation with maternal ACEs and prenatal trauma-related symptoms were evident; however, relations differed between mothers and newborns. In mothers carrying the stress sensitive T-allele (CT and TT genotypes), maternal FKBP5 methylation negatively correlated with threat-based ACEs and maternal PTSD symptoms during pregnancy, but not deprivation-based ACEs. In infants homozygous for the C allele (CC genotype), infant FKBP5 methylation positively correlated with maternal threat-based ACEs and prenatal PTSD symptom severity, but not deprivation-based ACEs or adversity in adulthood. Conclusions Our results provide evidence that links maternal threat-based ACEs and trauma-related symptoms during pregnancy with allele-specific epigenetic patterns in postpartum women and their newborn infants. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the potential intergenerational impact of ACEs and the effect of maternal PTSD symptoms during pregnancy.
Customer benefit, reliability, system cost - the magic triangle of micro-hybrid technology

Micro-hybrid vehicles use both engine stop/start functionality and regenerative braking to provide better fuel economy. As this benefit is gained at the expense of additional stress on the system, these features might either increase system cost or raise reliability issues.
Synthesis of Nitrile Bearing Acyclic Quaternary Centers through Co(III)-Catalyzed Sequential C−H Bond Addition to Dienes and N-Cyanosuccinimide

Herein we disclose a three-component strategy to access quaternary centers bearing nitriles by cobalt-catalyzed C-H bond activation and sequential addition to internally substituted 1,3-dienes and an electrophilic cyanating reagent with high regio and stereocontrol. 2-Aryl and alkyl monosubstituted dienes provide α-aryl and α-alkyl α-methyl-substituted nitriles, respectively. An even wider variety of functionality can be installed at the quaternary carbon by using 1,2-disubstituted dienes. The synthetic utility of the nitrile products was successfully demonstrated by various transformations, including conversions to γ-lactones and tetrazoles. The observed connectivity in the products along with studies with deuterium labeled reactants provide insight into the mechanism. Formation of a 7-membered cobaltacycle by C-H activation and migratory insertion of the diene is followed by β-hydride elimination and hydride reinsertion to give a 6-membered cobaltacycle that then reacts with the cyanating agent.
Effect of 10.5 GHz CW radiofrequency radiation exposure on normal and prostate cancer cell morphology

We setup an X-band (10.525 GHz) low photon energy (0.04 meV) irradiation apparatus and exposed 4 sets of prostate cancer cells. The objectives of this project were to elucidate the effect of low radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on prostate cancer (PCa) cell metabolic activity and cell signaling. Transformed-immortalized human prostate cell line RWPE-2 cells and prostates cancer (PCa) cell lines PC3, LNCaP (Caucasian origin), or MDAPCa-2B (African American origin) were exposed for 2h with RFR (10.525 GHz), and cells were further grown for 16h at 37°C. The effect of RFR on cell morphology and the effect of RFR on prostate cancer AKT/mTOR oncogenic signaling pathways and oncogene TNFAIP8 expression was analyzed. Results suggest that no major morphological changes were observed when cells exposed with RFR. Whereas, RFR exposure increased expression of phosphorylation of serine 2448 of mammalian target of rapamycin (pS2448-mTOR) in RWPE2 and MDA-PCa2B cells and phosphorylation of serine 473 of AKT kinase (pS473-AKT) in LNCaP and PC3 cells.
A Novel Report on the Compassionate Use of Baricitinib in Treating a Pediatric Patient With Severe Symptoms of COVID-19 Infection

Since the outbreak of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there has been an increasing need for treatment to decrease morbidity and mortality of patients presenting with severe disease symptoms. There has been increasing evidence to suggest that the pathophysiological basis is a severe inflammatory response that resembles the cytokine release syndrome. Current strategies to counteract this involve modifiers of the immune response such as interleukin (IL)-6 receptor blockers and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. An example of a JAK inhibitor is baricitinib. In this case, we present a 17-year-old female admitted with severe COVID-19 symptoms, who was placed on high-flow nasal cannula and started on azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine, which were standard of care at the time. Due to the worsening of symptoms, she was given baricitinib for compassionate use. There was a rapid improvement in clinical and imaging findings, and the patient was discharged from the hospital within 8 days of admission. This study is fascinating because there are very limited studies published on the benefits of baricitinib in managing patients with severe symptoms of COVID-19 especially in the pediatric population, and the rapidity in recovery time was remarkable.
Analysis and Research on characteristics and corrosion resistance of graphene attached to copper surface

The adhesion of graphene on copper surface was studied, and its chemical characteristics and corrosion resistance were analyzed. The results of polarization curve analysis show that the corrosion resistance of graphene film is the best when the growth time is 7 min. electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows that the corrosion resistance of copper substrate is improved by 17 times. The graphite strips prepared at 7 min have the best uniformity and continuity. The graphite residue at 4 min is thin but discontinuous. The graphite strips at 10 min have the thickest thickness but the most grain boundary defects. The optimal process parameters were determined as follows: AR / CH4 / H2 flow rate ratio 600 / 40 / 30 SCCM, temperature 1000 ° C, reaction time 7 min.
Oxidatively Modified Proteins as Plasma Biomarkers in Breast Cancer

Background Post-translational protein modifications (PTMs) are increased in breast tumors. Objective We explored whether PTMs on proteins secreted by the breast could be detected in plasma and potentially used for the early detection of breast cancer. Methods We used a custom ELISA microarray platform to measure 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), glutathione (GSH), nitrotyrosine and halotyrosine adducts in 27 secreted proteins, for a total of 108 candidate biomarkers. Two independent sets of human plasma samples were measured, for a total of 160 samples. The results were analyzed for consistent cancer-associated changes across the two sample sets. Plasma samples for both cases and benign controls were collected at the time of tissue diagnosis after referral from a positive screen (such as mammography). The results from both studies were evaluated using ANOVA and t-tests or receiver operator curves (ROC). Results Levels of GSH-modified ceruloplasmin and HNE-modified PDGF were significantly altered in plasma samples from cancer patients relative to benign controls. Healthy controls, which were only included in the first set of samples, were similar to the benign controls for both of these markers. A combination of three glutathionylated proteins produced the best area under the ROC curve, with a value of 76%. Conclusions Specific PTMs in individual proteins may be useful for distinguishing between women with breast cancer and those with benign breast disease. These oxidative changes in plasma proteins may reflect redox changes in breast cancer. Additional studies on oxidative modifications in individual proteins are warranted.
Sixteen Days of Glory: A Critical‐Cultural Analysis of Bud Greenspan's Official Olympic Documentaries

Filmmaker Jonah J. “Bud” Greenspan wrote, directed, and produced 43 films about the Olympics over the last four decades. Drawing on public memory literature and hegemony theory, the manuscript offers a textual analysis of Greenspan's official Olympic films and his representation of Olympism. Overall, the study involved the analysis of seven of Greenspan's official Olympic films, along with more than 50 video and print interviews with the American-born documentarian housed at the George Foster Peabody Archives.
Incremental Transformation of Lattices: A Key to Effective Knowledge Discovery

We show that a formal concept lattice L, with explicit generators, constitutes a viable medium for discrete, deterministic, data mining. All implications of interest can be found and extracted from L independent of the frequency of their occurance.More importantly, we show that these lattices can be grown from a binary relation R one row, or observation, at a time using a transformation that is based on the mathematical properties of the generators and faces of closed sets. Incremental growth is orders of magnitude faster than existing methods which rely on global closure operators.
International IT implementation projects: policy and cultural considerations

Information technology has become a crucial component for economic and educational development. While in recent years an increasing number of people have gained access to information technology, the latest research indicates that a digital divide remains. Although researchers have moved past the belief that providing access will be the only step required to equalize populations' engagement with information technology, there is still very limited understanding of what factors are truly operative in maintaining the digital divide. What these studies increasingly show, however, is that culture and public policy are elements that contribute to a persistent digital divide. This presentation focuses on a case study of IT adoption in order to illustrate the importance of generating a more complex understanding of how culture and policy can influence usage. The region examined as part of this presentation is Central Asia, with a particular focus on Uzbekistan. Based on ethnographic and interview data, the presentation discusses early Internet adoption and usage patterns in Uzbekistan in order to illustrate that the uses to which diverse populations put technology is dependent on the interaction between cultural elements and public policies in place. Uzbekistan is an excellent test bed for such questions because of its early stage of Internet development and its relative isolation from Western cultural elements.
Welfare Caseloads and the 2001 Recession

This paper investigates the effects of welfare reform policies on the number of families receiving welfare (caseloads) since the 2001 recession. 1996’s welfare reform legislation was passed amidst the longest economic expansion in US history, making it hard for researchers to estimate the role of policy. Furthermore, caseload research has not sufficiently explored the effects of specific policy choices within a broader reform package. This paper uses state panel data to examine the effects of specific policies on caseloads since the recession. Results indicate that since the 2001 recession, generous financial incentives to work reduced the number of families on welfare, while time limits and punishments for non-compliance had no impact. Taken as a whole, welfare reform helped move low-income women off of welfare in the 90s boom and subsequent recession. * Many thanks to Karine Moe, Gary Krueger, Sarah West, Peter Ferderer, Matija Vodopivec, and the Macalester Economics Department. I thank Bob Schoeni for his generous guidance, and John Horejsi and Evelyn Mills of HHS for providing caseload data.
Coordinated control of Distributed Generation to balance line powers

This paper presents an approach based upon state feedback to coordinate Distributed Energy Resources (DER) across unbalanced phases of a power distribution system. The objective is to control the resources such that characteristics are balanced among phases making a more desirable load from the perspective of the transmission system. Example results are provided for a distribution system with inverter-connected generation. Active power setpoints are taken as the control variables for Distributed Generation (DG) independently connected to the three phases. State feedback control based upon linearization of a Differential-Algebraic Equation (DAE) model is used to control (balance) demand on the three phases. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Can Critical Theory Save Adult Education from Post-Modernism

This article is written for adult educators who have become intrigued by the increasing amount of discourse and publications in our field, promoting "critical theory", "critical pedagogy", "critical adult education", "critical thinking" and the like. The aim of the article is to offer an interpretive framework which makes sense out of this trend towards the "critical". The recent controversy between critical theorists in philosophy, education generally and particularly adult education, and post-modernism will be used here as the background against which this trend towards the critical can not only be understood, but moreover should be evaluated. Resume Cet article s'adresse aux educatrices et aux educateurs d'adultes dont la curiosite a ete piquee par le nombre croissant de discours et de publications qui ont fait lew les concepts de «theorie critique», de «pedagogie critique», d'«education des adultes a la critique*, de «pensee critique», etc. Le but de l'article est de fournir un cadre interpretatif susceptible de mieux faire comprendre ce courant axe sur la notion de «critique». La recente controverse—que ce soit en philosophic, en education ou plus specifiquement en education des adultes—entre, d'une part la theorie critique et, d'autre part, le post-modernisme, est utilisee ici comme toile de fond a partir de laquelle ce courant axe sur la notion de «critique» peut non settlement etre compris mais devrait egalement etre evalue.
Breeding system, branching processes, hybrid swarm theory, and the humped-back diversity relationship as additional explanations for apparent monophyly in the Macaronesian island flora

Summary 1 Niche pre-emption and competitive exclusion is unsatisfactory as a sole explanation for the apparent paradox of a large number of monophyletic taxa in the Macaronesian island flora. 2 Undetected hybridizations have been proposed as an additional plausible explanation. In addition, hybrid swarm theory predicts that hybridizations between invading species would promote adaptive radiation. 3 We suggest that branching processes and coalescence offer yet another plausible explanation allowing for multiple colonizations of closely related taxa, which, because of their later local extinction or hybridization, would lead to apparent monophyly in the molecular record. 4 The cause of such widespread radiation of a few taxa has not been explained, but may involve intermediate conditions of disturbance or productivity. This proposition has, to date, only been tested in a microbial model system, but it offers a reasonable explanation for the patterns observed in the Macaronesian flora, and perhaps in other island floras worldwide.
Tagging and Targeting of Energy Efficiency Subsidies

Corrective taxation is a common approach to addressing externalities, internalities, and other market distortions. These distortions are often heterogeneous: for example, some cars pollute more than others, and many people consume alcohol “rationally’’ even as present biased individuals might over-consume. Such heterogeneity raises the question of whether a corrective tax is “well-targeted’’: does it primarily affect individuals subject to relatively large distortions? A tax set at the average level of the distortion could actually reduce welfare if the marginal individuals were already making relatively undistorted decisions. This paper studies the targeting of corrective subsidies for energy ef�耀 cient durable goods such as air conditioners, insulation, and cars. These subsidies are justi�耀 ed by multiple distortions, primarily including environmental externalities, credit constraints, “landlord-tenant’’ information asymmetries, imperfect information, and “behavioral’’ biases such as inattention to energy costs (Allcott and Greenstone 2012; Gillingham, Newell, and Palmer 2009). We �耀 rst argue that these distortions are heterogeneous on observables: wealthy people are less credit constrained, homeowners are unaffected by the “landlord-tenant’’ problem, and we show empirically that environmentalists are more attentive to energy costs and believe that energy ef�耀 cient goods save more money. We then show that
A fuzzy algorithm for multiprocessor bus arbitration

The performance of a multiprocessor system is largely contingent upon the efficiency of the elected bus arbitration algorithm. A fuzzy algorithm for multiprocessor bus arbitration is proposed. The authors describe the fuzzy arbitration protocol (FAP) and the structure of the required knowledge base. The ideal arbitration protocol balances the system's throughput against fairness. The performance goals are balanced when the average wait time is minimized and fairness in arbitration is maximized. FAP clearly shows superior performance in optimizing the performance goals. Simulation results are reported and analyzed. The hardware implementation of the proposed FAP and related issues are discussed. >
Phosphorylation of phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitor-2 (I-2) in rat fat cells.

Abstract Fat cells were incubated with 32Pi for 2 h before the [32P]I-2 was immunoprecipitated, subjected to SDS PAGE , and detected by autoradiography. [32P]I-2 (Mr = 32,000) was not recovered when excess purified I-2 was added with the antiserum or when nonimmune serum was used. Immunoprecipitated I-2 was heat-stable, inhibited phosphatase activity, and could be synergistically phosphorylated by casein kinase II and F A GSK -3 . Several times more [32P]phosphoserine than [32P]phosphothreonine was found in I-2 from 32P-labeled cells. Insulin increased the 32P-content of I-2 by as much as 40%, suggesting that phosphorylation of I-2 might be involved in the effect of insulin on stimulating protein dephosphorylation.
Anticoagulation therapy in children with mechanical prosthetic cardiac valves

From 1980 through 1984, 28 children younger than 19 years (mean 7.9) underwent cardiac valve replacement with 30 mechanical prostheses. Patients were followed for a total of 471 months (mean 15.7) and received either warfarin (mean 0.16 mg/kg/day) or acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole (mean 6.1 and 1.9 mg/kg/day, respectively) as thromboembolism prophylaxis. The frequency and incidence of thromboembolism and hemorrhage were compared. Warfarin-treated patients were at increased risk of hemorrhage (5 of 20 [25%], or 22 per 100 patient-years, vs 0 of 10 [0%], or 0 per 100 patient-years, p less than 0.05). Three of the 5 hemorrhagic episodes were mild, and in no case was hemorrhage life-threatening. Patients who did not receive warfarin had a greater risk of thromboembolism (2 of 10 [20%], or 12 per 100 patient-years, vs 0 of 20 [0%], or 0 per 100 patient-years, p less than 0.05). Both episodes of thromboembolism were life-threatening and necessitated emergency valve replacement. Although warfarin is associated with greater risk of hemorrhage than is acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole, warfarin is better than antiplatelet drugs in thromboembolism prophylaxis and is indicated for anticoagulation therapy in children with mechanical cardiac prostheses.
On the Nature of the Unique Hα-emitting T Dwarf 2MASS J12373919+6526148

We explore and discount the hypothesis that the strong, continual H?-emitting T dwarf 2MASS J12373919+6526148 can be explained as a young, low-gravity, very low mass brown dwarf. The source is already known to have a marginally fainter absolute magnitude than similar T dwarfs with trigonometric parallax measurements and has a tangential velocity consistent with old disk kinematics. Applying the technique of Burgasser et al. on new near-infrared spectroscopy for this source, estimates of its Teff, log g, and metallicity ([M/H]) are obtained. 2M 1237+6526 has a Teff ? 800-850 K. If [M/H] is solar, log g is as high as ~5.5 (cgs) and this source is older than 10 Gyr. We find a more plausible scenario to be a modestly subsolar metallicity ([M/H] = -0.2) and moderate log g ~ 5.0, implying an age older than 2 Gyr and a mass greater than 0.035 M?. The alternative explanation of the unique emission of this source, involving an interacting, close, double degenerate system, should be investigated further. Indeed, there is some evidence of a Teff < 500 K companion to 2M 1237+6526 on the basis of a possible Spitzer IRAC [3.6]-[4.5] color excess. This excess may, however, be caused by a subsolar metallicity.
The PVT properties of water VI. Deuterium oxide in the range 150-500 °c and 0-100 MPa

The density of heavy water has been measured at 11 temperatures from 150 to 500 °C, usually at intervals of 6 MPa but sometimes less, from near saturation to 100 MPa and to a precision of ca . 0.01 % .The H : D and 18 O : 16 O ratios of the water are 0.000 33 and 0.00590 + 0.00003 respectively.
RNA polymerase complexes from mengovirus infected cells.

Two RNA polymerase complexes were isolated from mengovirus-infected baby hamster kidney cells. One is designated the light polymerase complex and the other is termed the heavy polymerase complex. The two polymerase complex fractions have different properties. The light polymerase complex synthesizes a 20 S RNase-resistant RNA which migrates slower on agarose gels than doubl-estranded RNA. The heavy complex product contains replicative intermediates and virion RNA. No virion RNA synthesis by the light complex was detected. The heavy complex product is more difficult to deproteinize and incorporates3H-UTP longer than the light complex.3H-RNA-containing particles which sedimented with mengovirus in both sucrose and cesium chloride gradients were detected in the heavy complex product.
Postoperative whole abdomino-pelvic irradiation for patients with high risk endometrial cancer.

Abstract Forty-seven patients with endometrial cancer, surgical Stage I through IV, received adjuvant whole abdominopelvic irradiation with a nodal and vaginal boost between August 1981 through December 1986. The median age was 66.5 years (range 37–86 years). Twenty-two patients were Stages I–II, 14 Stage III, and eleven patients Stage IV. Thirty-four patients (79%) had positive peritoneal cytology, 29 patients (62%) had deep myometrial involvement, 27 patients (58%) had high grade lesions, 18 patients (40%) had either serous-papillary or adenosquamous histologic variants, and ten patients (22%) had residual disease of up to 2 cm. remaining after operation, mostly in the form of nodal disease. Twenty-four patients (51%) had two or more life time laparotomies. Mean follow-up was 40.5 mo. (range 17–85 mo.). The 5-year actuarial survival was 68% and the 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) was 77%. The 5 year relapse-free survival for Stages I/II, III, and IV were 85%, 78%, and 53%, respectively. The 5 year relapse-free survival for grades 12 was 100% and for grades 34 was 60%. (p value of 0.0017). Acute toxicity has been modest, and particularly evident in thinner patients (weight below 115 lbs.). Chronic toxicity of significance has been limited to one patient with a conservatively managed bowel obstruction. These results are very encouraging and suggest benefit to the use of more aggressive adjuvant irradiation.
Anesthetic implications of thoracic endometriosis

Endometriosis occurs in 5% to 10% of women of childbearing age and involves the proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Thoracic endometriosis is the most frequent extrapelvic manifestation of endometriosis, numbering some 100 reported cases. It may include spontaneous pneumothorax, hemoptysis, chest pain, bronchiectasis, pneumomediastinum, or mediastinal bleeding. Because the tissue is hormonally responsive, all of these manifestations are related to the menstrual cycle (catamenial) and are likeliest to occur during menses. We report the successful anesthetic management of a patient with thoracic endometriosis and recurring catamenial pneumothorax who presented for elective pelvic surgery.