cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Patriotism, History Teaching, and History Textbooks in Russia: What Was Old Is New Again

This chapter examined the extent to which government-endorsed, patriotic curriculum is being effectuated throughout the Russian Federation, particularly through the promotion of new, grand narrative-style high school history textbooks. Authors performed a comparative content analysis of different textbook accounts (n = 5) of three different events/eras from twentieth century Russian history: (1) Russia’s participation in World War II; (2) post-WWII Russia; and (3) the attempt to establish democracy in Czechoslovakia in 1968. Textbooks were selected as representative of various eras in Russia’s recent history and were analyzed to determine the degrees and extents to which each one presented the selected events. Authors connected the presentation of each event to the time in which the text was published and predominant concepts of patriotism and national identity of the day as a means to investigate how the language of text has changed over the past 30 years. The study, which was conducted during a time of prominent military activity in Russia, revealed that Russian history is increasingly being taught from a single grand narrative approach, and high school history textbooks appear to be incorporating more patriotic and nationalistic themes just as they did during Soviet times. Researchers determined this trend warrants increased concerns among history and education scholars that Russian history/social studies education is shifting backward by promoting the hyper-nationalist ideas of the Cold War rather than the concepts of global democratic citizenship promoted during the 1990s.
Generic solar photovoltaic system dynamic simulation model specification

This document is intended to serve as a specification for generic solar photovoltaic (PV) system positive-sequence dynamic models to be implemented by software developers and approved by the WECC MVWG for use in bulk system dynamic simulations in accordance with NERC MOD standards. Two specific dynamic models are included in the scope of this document. The first, a Central Station PV System model, is intended to capture the most important dynamic characteristics of large scale (> 10 MW) PV systems with a central Point of Interconnection (POI) at the transmission level. The second, a Distributed PV System model, is intended to represent an aggregation of smaller, distribution-connected systems that comprise a portion of a composite load that might be modeled at a transmission load bus.
Development of Resistance to Insecticides by the Onion Maggot, Hylemya antiqua, in Minnesota

The onion maggot, Hylemya antiqua (Meigen), has developed a high degree of resistance to the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides in the Minneapolis area. Under conditions of a severe maggot infestation at Fridley, Minn., applications of V-C 13 Nemacide® ( O -2,4 diehlorophenyl O,O -diethyl phosphorothioate), ethion, and diazinon at 1 lb. actual toxicant per acre and carbophenothion at 2 lbs. actual per acre in the seed furrow gave excellent control, but plots treated with heptachlor, dieldrin, aldrin, and endrin were indistinguishable in appearance from the untreated checks. Experiments at Castle Rock, Minn., during 1960, 1961, and 1962 indicated that aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, and heptachlor are still effective in controlling the onion maggot in this area. Onion maggot, damping off, smut ( Urocystis cepulae Frost.), and pink root ( Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hansen) Gorenz, J. C. Walker, and Larson) aII contributed to a loss of stand in these plots. Two granular formulations, one containing 5% V-C 13 Nemacide +5% thiram (bis(dimethylthiocarbamoyl)disulfide) and the other containing 5% ethion+5% thiram, gave excellent control of maggots and good control of smut and pink root when applied at 2 lbs. actual toxicant per acre in the seed furrow. Onion growers at Hollandale, Minn., appeared to be controlling the onion maggot satisfactorily in 1961 by using a mixture of 2 oz. 75% dieldrin and 1 oz. 75% thiram per pound of seed in the planter box; however, experimental evidence indicated that maggots were becoming resistant to dieldrin and heptachlor in this locality in 1962.
Risk-Reduction Processes in Repetitive Consumer Behavior:

This experimental study of consumer decision making over time explored risk-reduction processes of information seeking, prepurchase deliberation, and brand loyalty. Perceived risk was manipulated b...
Seasonal Activity of Carabids and the Toxicity of Carbofuran and Terbufos to Pterostichus chalcites

The seasonal activity of carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in an Iowa cornfield was investigated by using pitfall traps from June 8, 1977 to Sept. 29, 1977. Of 66 species collected, the 8 most abundant in descending order were Pterostichus chalcites Say, Microlestes linearis (LeConte), Bembidion quadrimaculatum (L.), Harpalus pensylvanicus DeGeer, Agonoderus comma (F.), Bembidion rapidum LeConte, Chlaenius pusillus Say, and Anisodactylus sanctaecrucis (F.). Pterostichus chalcites and Anisodactylus sanctaecrucis were active in mid-July and early Aug.; Microlestes linearis and Agonoderus comma were active in late June and mid-July; Bembidion quadrimaculatum peaked in late June and Aug.; Bembidion rapidum was most active from early Aug. through early Sept.; and Chlaenius pusillus and Harpalus pensylvanicus reached their peaks in mid-Aug. and Sept., respectively. The rises in populations of Pterostichus chalcites , Anisodactylus sanctaecrucis, Microlestes linearis , and Agonoderus comma during early Aug. were probably owing to cool temperature and plentiful rainfall after hot, dry conditions in July. Distribution of carabids in the cornfield varied among the areas surveyed and was affected by the type of trap used. Metal traps were significantly more efficient in collecting beetles than were plastic traps. Adult Pterostichus chalcites were treated topically on the prosternum with acetone solutions of carbofuran or terbufos and their oxidative metabolites. The 24-h LD50 values for carbofuran and terbufos were 1.4 and 3.6 μg/g, respectively. The toxicities of terbufoxon and the sulfoxides and sulfones of terbufos and terbufoxon ranged from 3.6–4.3 μg/g.
Some interesting properties of scattering matrix of passive microwave devices

Three useful properties are shown that characterize the dissipative loss and the corresponding efficiency of a multiport, passive microwave network. The properties are applied to some well known devices to arrive at general conclusions on their operation.
WE‐FG‐206‐09: Association of Prostate Volumes with Restricted Diffusion and Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness

Purpose: To create an automatic workflow for evaluation of thresholds of restricted diffusion, based on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values in multiparametric (mp)MRI of the prostate. To investigate the association of these volumes with biopsy Gleason Score (GS). Methods: Patients with prostate cancer, imaged on 3T Discovery MR750 (GE, Waukesha, WI) magnet were selected from departmental database based on the presence of mpMRI exam. All subsequent analyses were performed using Java plugins in MIM (MIM, Cleveland, Ohio). Prostate, peripheral zone (PZ) and urethra were contoured manually for each patient. The procedure defines three volumes on ADC in PZ, related to high (<T1 µm2/s), medium (<T2 µm2/s), and low risk (<T3 µm2/s), where T1<T2<T3. The thresholds for each patient were set 200 µm2/s apart, i.e. T2=T1+200 µm2/s and T3=T1+400 µm2/s. The thresholds were offset by 100 µm2/s for the transition zone (TZ). Pixels with ADC<400 µm2/s and within the urethra are excluded from the analysis. The correlations between (i) ADC volume sizes; and (ii) the fractions of the volumes from the prostate volume (ADC/Prostate) and GS were investigated with Spearman correlation. Results: mpMRIs from 139 the analysis. The correlations between (i) ADC volume sizes; and (ii) the fractions of the volumes from the prostate volume (ADC/Prostate) and GS were investigated with Spearman correlation. Results: mpMRIs from 139 selected patients with mpMRI acquired between May, 2012 and February, 2016, were analyzed. Six values for T1 were investigated starting from 750 to 950 µm2/s with step of 50 µm2/s. All correlations between ADC volumes and ADC/Prostate volumes and GS were significant. The following thresholds for PZ/TZ: 950/700, 1100/900 and 1200/1100 performed the best for high, mid and low risk. The correlation coefficients of of ADC high and ADC high/Prostate were 0.45 and 0.469 with p-values <<0.00001. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report which associates volumes of low diffusion and GS.
Adult Socialization: Ambiguity and Adult Life Crises

ABSTRACT Individuals who approach and experience adult life crises are frequently caught in ambiguous situations that lack clear definitions of behavioral expectations. As the person attempts to define the situation and adopt a strategy for dealing with the crisis, he often discovers that he is ill prepared for the changes induced. We suggest that people are not well prepared by prior experience for the life crises they meet in their adult years. The processes through which an individual prepares for and deals with adult life crises and the processes of socialization of noninstitutionalized adults are emphasized throughout the chapter.
Chapter 4 – Theoretical Methods in the Analysis of Peptide Conformation

Publisher Summary This chapter describes current methods in conformational energy calculations of small peptides. The function of a biologically active peptide is often dictated by its three-dimensional structure. For this reason, many experimental methods have been developed for studying conformations of peptide molecules. Theoretical methods are also valuable in the conformational analysis of peptides. Theory is important for three general reasons: (1) it can provide a model or framework to aid in choosing proper experiments, (2) it can help explain experimental results, and (3) it has the potential of providing information when experiments are difficult or impossible to perform. This chapter presents an introduction to the field of conformational energy calculations of peptides, describes some of the current methodology in conformational energy calculations, and presents some examples of recently published work in the field.
Enhancing Physician Assistant Student Clinical Rotation Evaluations With the RIME Scoring Format: A Retrospective 3-Year Analysis.

PURPOSE This article describes a 3-year retrospective analysis of student clinical rotation evaluations using the Reporter-Interpreter-Manager-Educator (RIME) scoring format. The intent of the analysis was to assess scoring trends to determine whether students with high scores on the Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam (PANCE) also achieved high RIME scores on clinical rotations. METHODS The top and bottom quartiles of PANCE scores were identified for the University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center's physician assistant (PA) classes of 2010-2012 (n = 106). RIME scores for the top and bottom quartiles of students (n = 54) also were identified. RIME scores for the same cohort of students were analyzed using the top and bottom quartiles of students' PANCE scores. RESULTS The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test revealed that students with top quartile PANCE scores received a higher aggregate RIME score of 557 compared with the lower quartile of PANCE performers' score of 520 (P < .03). Results for RIME scoring trends, PANCE scores, and end-of-rotation examination scores are presented. CONCLUSIONS Students from the UT Southwestern Medical Center's PA classes of 2010-2012 obtained a Manager classification most often (52%), and students with higher PANCE scores also received higher RIME scores on clinical rotations.
Nanotechnology requirements and challenges for large-scale brain computing

Computing systems today are at the dawn of a new period in history: the cognitive era [1]. This transition is driven by the explosive growth in unstructured data enabled by new technology trends such as Social Media, the Internet of Things, and everywhere computing. Computing workloads are correspondingly shifting away from transactional processing and toward unstructured computational problems requiring fuzzier analysis such as sensing, learning, and inferring; detecting patterns and anomalies; and predicting and discovering.
Teriparatide Prevented Near Atypical Femur Fracture by Reducing Cortical Thickening in a Symptomatic Patient With Prolonged Use of Oral Bisphosphonate: A Case Report

Long-term bisphosphonate (BP) treatment is associated with adverse event of atypical femur fracture (AFF) due to their long-lasting unique bone-seeking properties, and subsequent uptake by osteoclasts results in sustained inhibition of bone resorption even after their cessation. We report a case of postmenopausal women who presented with pain and severe femoral cortical thickening on alendronate for 10 years, but with no signs of obvious radiolucent fracture line on radiograph and bone marrow edema on magnetic resonance imaging representing impending AFF. Teriparatide (TPP) was started after discontinuation of BP which showed resolution of pain and reduction of femoral cortical thickness. We recommend biannual radiographs follow-up for evaluation of cortical thickening in patients taking BP along with the review of bone mineral density, and consideration of treatment with TPP if cortical thickening is present. J Endocrinol Metab. 2016;6(6):183-186 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jem382w
COMPARATIVE OUTCOME OF PARAVALVULAR LEAK FOLLOWING SURGICAL VERSUS TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT

Background: Paravalvular leak (PVL) negatively impacts outcomes, but a direct comparison of its impact after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) versus surgical replacement (SAVR) has not been previously reported. We reviewed our experience to better understand the impact of PVL on
Coherence, dissonance, and personal style in learning to teach

Concern that practical realities in classrooms will ‘trump’ theories has led some universities to design residency teacher education programs that maximize coherence between university coursework a...
Kickstarting Semiconductor Innovation with Open Source Hardware

Hardware innovation is slowing, yet software innovation is flourishing, in large part because of a thriving open source ecosystem. Open source can similarly boost hardware development, but the way forward will require industry, academia, and hardware enthusiasts to address five significant issues.
Assessing tumor extent on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography versus full-field digital mammography and ultrasound

Abstract Objectives To compare breast cancer size measurements on full-field digital mammography (FFDM), contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CEDM), and ultrasound (US), with histologic tumor size used as the reference standard. Material and methods The HIPAA complaint, IRB approved study comprised 88 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer who underwent FFDM and CEDM;74 also had US. Breast density, histologic subtype, and maximum tumor measurements were recorded. Results Pearson correlation coefficients for FFDM, US, and CEDM vs histopathology were 0.598, 0.639, and 0.859, respectively ( P P P Conclusions In patients with biopsy-proven malignancy, size measurements correlated well with histopathologic size, and were higher on CEDM than those for FFDM and US in patients with dense or nondense breasts. The added value of CEDM as a supplement to FFDM in determining tumor size, however, was greater in patients with dense breasts. CEDM may be a promising alternative preoperative measurement tool for breast cancer patients with dense breasts and/or limited access or contraindications to MRI.
Identifying seizure onset zone from electrocorticographic recordings: A machine learning approach based on phase locking value

Abstract Purpose Using a novel technique based on phase locking value (PLV), we investigated the potential for features extracted from electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings to serve as biomarkers to identify the seizure onset zone (SOZ). Methods We computed the PLV between the phase of the amplitude of high gamma activity (80–150Hz) and the phase of lower frequency rhythms (4–30Hz) from ECoG recordings obtained from 10 patients with epilepsy (21 seizures). We extracted five features from the PLV and used a machine learning approach based on logistic regression to build a model that classifies electrodes as SOZ or non-SOZ. Results More than 96% of electrodes identified as the SOZ by our algorithm were within the resected area in six seizure-free patients. In four non-seizure-free patients, more than 31% of the identified SOZ electrodes by our algorithm were outside the resected area. In addition, we observed that the seizure outcome in non-seizure-free patients correlated with the number of non-resected SOZ electrodes identified by our algorithm. Conclusion This machine learning approach, based on features extracted from the PLV, effectively identified electrodes within the SOZ. The approach has the potential to assist clinicians in surgical decision-making when pre-surgical intracranial recordings are utilized.
Buckling of Columns and Plates

The governing equations for a thin plate subjected to both in-plane and lateral loads have been derived previously. In those equations, there was one governing equation describing the relationship between the lateral deflection and the laterally distributed loading, $$ D{\nabla ^4}w = p\left( {x,y} \right) $$ and other equations dealing with in-plane displacements, related to in-plane loads $$ {{\nabla }^{4}}{{u}_{0}} = {{\nabla }^{4}}{{v}_{0}} = 0. $$ .
Dropsonde Observations of Total Integrated Water Vapor Transport within North Pacific Atmospheric Rivers

AbstractAircraft dropsonde observations provide the most comprehensive measurements to date of horizontal water vapor transport in atmospheric rivers (ARs). The CalWater experiment recently more than tripled the number of ARs probed with the required measurements. This study uses vertical profiles of water vapor, wind, and pressure obtained from 304 dropsondes across 21 ARs. On average, total water vapor transport (TIVT) in an AR was 4.7 × 108 ± 2 × 108 kg s−1. This magnitude is 2.6 times larger than the average discharge of liquid water from the Amazon River. The mean AR width was 890 ± 270 km. Subtropical ARs contained larger integrated water vapor (IWV) but weaker winds than midlatitude ARs, although average TIVTs were nearly the same. Mean TIVTs calculated by defining the lateral “edges” of ARs using an IVT threshold versus an IWV threshold produced results that differed by less than 10% across all cases, but did vary between the midlatitudes and subtropical regions.
Emerging Principles of a Theology of Shalom

Now that more than five decades have passed since Nostra Aetate initiated a new relationship between Jews and Catholics, it has become possible to identify certain basic principles—predicated on an appreciation of ongoing Jewish covenantal life—that are emerging in Catholic ecclesial statements. Such a “theology of shalom” seeks “right relationship” with the Jewish people and “wholeness” in terms of the church's own self-understanding. The article proposes three fundamental axioms. A theology of shalom (1) sees Jews and Christians as co-covenanting companions; (2) respects and reckons with Jewish self-understanding; and (3) focuses on final fulfillment in the future. It elaborates three subpoints for each principle to elucidate several implications and questions. The article concludes with the suggestion that the maturing Catholic-Jewish relationship may be moving into one of mutuality in which both communities can study and learn from their respective covenantal ways of walking with God.
Bruised Soul of the Artist: A Tribute to Sheldon W. Halpern

In an unusual case, Scottish-born painter Peter Doig was accused of wrongfully denying the authenticity of a painting he insisted he did not paint, to the financial detriment of the work’s owner. Doig won the case against him, which commenced in 2013 and continued for three years. United States District Judge Gary Feinerman ultimately ruled that the evidence presented in a week-long trial proved “conclusively” that Doig did not paint the plaintiff owner’s painting. The case raised concerns about whether a living artist should ever be required by law to authenticate a work of art ascribed to him or her and face civil liability for denying authenticity. While victorious, Peter Doig complained that justice was “long overdue” and that the issue that “a living artist has to defend the authorship of his own work should never have come to pass.” There is a moral argument from the importance of dignity and inviolate personality that Doig is correct. Yet, other arguments press in another direction.
Intersection Products for Spaces of Algebraic Cycles

This is a slightly expanded version of three lectures given by the author in Bologna in December 1997. Our purpose is to introduce to algebraic geometers some constructions developed in recent years for spaces of cycles that relate to classical intersection theory. The work discussed appears primarily in joint papers of the author and H. Blaine Lawson as well as a joint paper of the author and Ofer Gabber. We recommend the reader consult the expository article [L2] which not only provides further details concerning spaces of algebraic cycles but also provides a somewhat different point of view.
No land’s man: on remaking the last western in Japan and the politics of revision

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the evolution of Hokkaido as a frontier space in the Japanese western, looking in particular at Yurusarezaru mono (Lee Sang-il, 2013). Drawing closely on Clint Eastwood’s Unforgiven (1992), the work has been recognized as a faithful remake of Eastwood’s iconic last western. At the same time, Lee reframes the western to focus on displacement and calls attention in particular to the repression of political and ethnic ‘others’ in the acquisition of Hokkaido in the 1860s. This rewriting of the western is inspired in part by manga artist Tezuka Osamu’s Shumari, a work set at the same early Meiji moment which explores the Imperial origins of the frontier in Hokkaido. Lee’s reinterpretation of Hokkaido as colonial space raises questions about established perceptions of nationhood, identity, and imperial origins.
Targeted Delivery of Antigen to Activated CD169+ Macrophages Induces Bias for Expansion of CD8+ T Cells.

Summary Macrophages (MOs) expressing the endocytic sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 1 (siglec-1, CD169, sialoadhesin) are known to be adept at antigen capture—primarily due to their strategic location within lymphatic tissues. Antigen concentrated in these cells can be harnessed to induce potent anti-tumor/anti-pathogen cytotoxic (CD8+) T cell responses. Here, we describe a chemical platform that exploits the CD169-mediated antigen capture pathway for biased priming of antigen-specific CD4+ or CD8+ T cells in vivo. In the absence of a toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist, antigen delivery through CD169 produced robust CD4+ T cell priming only. However, simultaneous treatment with targeted antigen and a TLR7 agonist induced CD8+ T cell priming, with concomitant suppression of the CD4+ T cell response. We exploited these observations to manipulate the activation ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells in the same animal. These findings represent a unique chemical strategy for targeting CD169+ macrophages to modulate antigen-specific T cell immunity.
Who Decides Civil Commitments? A Statewide Analysis of Initial Hold Requests

The authors examine the frequency of civil commitment petitions and rates of congruence within those initial requests. Using data provided by the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare Division of ...
Romanticism and Theatrical Experience: Kean, Hazlitt and Keats in the Age of Theatrical News

Bringing together studies in theater history, print culture, and literature, this book offers a new consideration of Romantic-period writing in Britain. Recovering a wide range of theatrical criticism from newspapers and periodicals, some of it overlooked since its original publication in Regency London, Jonathan Mulrooney explores new contexts for the work of the actor Edmund Kean, essayist William Hazlitt, and poet John Keats. Kean's ongoing presence as a figure in the theatrical news presented readers with a provocative re-imagining of personal subjectivity and a reworking of the British theatrical tradition. Hazlitt and Keats, in turn, imagined the essayist and the poet along similar theatrical lines, reframing Romantic prose and poetics. Taken together, these case studies illustrate not only theater's significance to early nineteenth-century Londoners, but also the importance of theater's textual legacies for our own re-assessment of 'Romanticism' as a historical and cultural phenomenon.
Monte Carlo Study of the Critical Dynamics at the Surface of an Ising Model

The model studied is the ferromagnetic 3D-Ising model on a simple cubic lattice with a free surface, i.e., the hamiltonian $$ - \beta H = K\mathop \Sigma \limits_{ _{\text{b}} } {\text{s}}_{\text{i}} s_{\text{j}} + {\text{K}}_{\text{s}} \mathop \Sigma \limits_{ _{\text{s}} } {\text{s}}_{\text{i}} {\text{s}}_{\text{j}} ,{\text{ s}}_{\text{i}} = \pm 1,{\text{ }}(1)$$ (1) where the second sum runs over spin pairs where both spins are in the surface, the first sum runs over all other nearest-neighbor spin pairs, and β = 1/kT, with k the Boltzmann constant and T temperature. The static properties of this model are well known [1–4]. For temperatures below the bulk critical temperature, Kc ≈ 0.221654 [5], both the surface and the bulk are ferromagnetically ordered. For strong surface coupling, i.e., ratios of the surface to bulk coupling, R = Ks/K, above a tricritical value, Rt ≈ 1.52 [2], the surface orders at a higher temperature than the bulk. We have studied the critical dynamics of the surface layer in this model at the ordinary transition (R = 1.0) and at the tricritical point (R = 1.52, also called the special transition).
ZnO-on-Diamond Resonators with Notched Thin-Film Piezoelectric Interdigital Transducer for Enhanced Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Feedthrough Suppression

This paper presents an innovative and convenient postprocessing methodology to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by 3 dB or more than that of the original two-port piezoelectric MEMS resonator by introducing notched air cavities in the thin-film piezo-transducer layer between interdigital transducer (IDT) electrodes. Meanwhile, this strategy also effectively lowers the broadband feedthrough levels by more than 10 dB by substituting piezoelectric layer with the air cavities in the notched regions. This postprocessing technique also does not negatively impact the electromechanical coupling coefficients (signal strength) or the quality factors of the MEMS resonators. In addition, several spurious modes are adequately suppressed because of the modified distribution of electric fields and strain fields in the piezoelectric thin-film transducer adjacent to IDT electrodes. The equivalent circuit models that combine the motional current signal and the electronic feedthrough parasitics, while considering the notched IDT transducer design, have been developed and verified that match well with the measured frequency characteristics.
Multidimensional sleep health is not cross-sectionally or longitudinally associated with adiposity in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).

Abstract Objectives The association between sleep and adiposity (indexed by body mass index or waist-to-hip ratio) has typically been evaluated using a single dimension of self-reported sleep. However, other dimensions and behavioral measures of sleep may also be associated with adiposity. This study evaluated whether multidimensional sleep health calculated from actigraphy and self-report was longitudinally associated with adiposity in a sample of midlife women who have a high prevalence of sleep disturbances and adiposity. Design Longitudinal study with 11–14 years of follow-up time between the sleep health assessment and body mass index / waist-to-hip ratio measurements. Participants Two hundred and twenty-one midlife women enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Sleep Study. Measurements Multidimensional sleep health was quantified using actigraphy (M[SD] = 29.1[7.2] nights) measures of sleep efficiency, midpoint, duration, regularity, and self-report measures of alertness and satisfaction. Each component was dichotomized and summed; higher values indicated better sleep health. Height, body weight, and waist and hip circumference were measured at the sleep study and at follow-up. Linear regression models were used to assess associations between sleep health and adiposity, adjusting for demographic and menopausal covariates. Results There was no substantial within-person change in adiposity over time. Better sleep health was cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with lower adiposity in unadjusted, but not in adjusted, models. Individual sleep health components were not associated with adiposity after adjustment. Conclusion We did not observe cross-sectional or longitudinal associations between multidimensional sleep health and adiposity. The sleep-adiposity link may be weaker in midlife adults than in other age groups.
Photonics to save energy and increase density in information processing

We argue we can substantially reduce energy dissipation and increase interconnect bandwidth density using parallel synchronous free-space optical channels inside and between racks, exploiting integrated waveguide photonics, and avoiding power-hungry time-multiplexing.
Unraveling the Mystery of Gray Zone Lymphoma in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Seropositive Patients: Two Cases

Gray zone lymphoma (GZL) is an uncommon neoplasm with intermediate features of both classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). It was identified in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification as its own neoplasm in 2008. Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been rarely diagnosed with this type of lymphoma and treatment strategies for this subset of patients is not well described. Here we present two cases of patients with HIV that were diagnosed with GZL in a single community-based institution. A 68-year-old male with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) presented with 6-month history of dyspnea and weight loss. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed multiple lung and mediastinal lesions, the largest measuring 9.4 × 5.5 cm lesion in the right perihilar region. Lymph node biopsy revealed abnormal lymphocytes with immunohistochemistry (IHC) positive for cluster of differentiation 30 (CD30), CD20 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), consistent with a diagnosis of GZL. The patient received dose-adjusted etoposide, doxorubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) and attained a complete response. He since completed maintenance rituximab therapy and remains disease-free at 33 months. A 40-year-old female with HIV/AIDS on HAART presented with high-grade fever, dyspnea, and weight loss. CT imaging revealed multiple lung lesions, hepatosplenomegaly and diffuse lymphadenopathy in the chest and abdomen. Lymph node and bone marrow biopsy revealed cells positive for CD20, CD30, and EBV within atypical lymphoid cells. With this, a diagnosis of GZL was made and she was treated with DA-EPOCH-R. She attained a complete response and was on maintenance rituximab therapy. At 9 months she relapsed, she has now received a bone marrow transplant. GZL is a rarely described neoplasm within the HIV population. Here we describe two HIV patients diagnosed with GZL that were successfully treated at our institution. DA-EPOCH-R was able to induce durable remission with limited side effects and it represents a viable strategy for treating patients in this population. Further studies need to be performed to better characterize this lymphoma, especially in HIV patients. Treatment strategies for this select group of patients also need to be better defined. J Hematol. 2020;9(4):132-136 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jh554
Weinberg on QFT: Demonstrative Induction and Underdetermination

In this essay I examine a recent argument by Steven Weinberg that seeks to establish local quantum field theory as the only type of quantum theory in accord with the relevent evidence and satisfying two basic physical principles. I reconstruct the argument as a demonstrative induction and indicate it's role as a foil to the underdetermination argument in the debate over scientific realism.
Cerebral Microbleeds and Intracranial Hemorrhages in Adult Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Autopsy Study.

Current studies lack robust information on the prevalence and associated factors of cerebral microbleeds in patients who underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Design Retrospective analysis. Setting We reviewed patients who underwent (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) and subsequent brain autopsy with gross and microscopic examinations from January 2009 to December 2018 from a single tertiary center. Patients Twenty-five extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients (median age, 53 yr; interquartile range, 36-61 yr; 17 women and 8 men) underwent brain autopsy. Interventions Descriptive analysis of neuropathologic findings. Cerebral microbleed was defined as a small focus (< 10 mm diameter) of accumulation of blood product in the brain tissue. Macrohemorrhage was defined as any of the grossly identifiable epidural, subdural, subarachnoid, or intraparenchymal hemorrhages larger than 10 mm. Measurement and Main Results Of 25 (22 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; three venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation), 15 patients (60%) were found to have cerebral microbleeds, whereas 13 (52%) had macrohemorrhages, of whom five (20%) had both. Overall, 92% of brains demonstrated the presence of either cerebral microbleeds or macrohemorrhages after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Of the patients with cerebral microbleeds, lobar cerebral microbleeds (80%) occurred more frequently than deep cerebral microbleeds (60%), with 40% of patients having both types. The cases of macrohemorrhages consisted of one epidural (8%), two subdural (15%), and 10 subarachnoid hemorrhages (77%). In univariate analyses, the presence of macrohemorrhages was significantly associated with the presence of cerebral microbleeds (p = 0.03) with odds ratio of 0.13 (CI, 0.02-0.82). Age, sex, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation type, use of aspirin or dialysis during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, bloodstream infections, hemoglobin, platelets, and coagulopathy profiles were not associated with cerebral microbleeds. Conclusions In patients with postmortem neuropathologic evaluation, 92% sustained acute cerebral microbleeds or macrohemorrhages after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Cerebral microbleeds were commonly present in the majority of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation nonsurvivors. Further research is necessary to study the long-term sequelae, such as cognitive outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-associated cerebral microbleeds in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survivors.
An Alternative Approach to the Measurement of Urban Sprawl

The term “urban sprawl” is generally used to refer to patterns of development in suburban areas. Low-density is the most often cited characteristic of sprawl. This paper examines sprawl in 2010 in 59 large urban areas in the United States by looking at multiple measures of density within the suburban areas, the areas added to the urban areas after 1950. Areas with the highest levels of sprawl are mostly in the Northeast and the South, including the Boston-Providence area, while most of the urban areas with the lowest sprawl are in the West, including Los Angeles. Urban areas with larger suburban areas, that have grown more rapidly since 1950, have somewhat lower levels of sprawl. Sprawl is much lower in those areas where urban expansion has been limited by the presence of barriers including mountains and wetlands.
An exploratory study of outdoor recreation site choices.

In this study, a think-aloud method is used to explore the process by which individuals make outdoor recreation site choices. Ten subjects made choices between 45 pairs of outdoor recreation sites during nine one-hour sessions. During the choice process they verbalized their thoughts and feelings into a tape recorder. These tapes were transcribed and the resulting verbal protocols were encoded for analysis. The codes, which represented the elements of the choice process, included symbolic and complex variables such as atmosphere, personal values, and memories, as well as more traditional elements such as site features and activities. The choice processes were characteristic of compensatory and non-compensatory decision models. The compensatory choices were characterized by the addition of positively- and negatively-evaluated elements, the chosen site having more positively assessed features. The non-compensatory process was characterized by the presence of criterion variables, the presence or absence of w...
Soybean Genetics And Breeding

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on soybean. The soybean belongs to the family Leguminosae, subfamily Papilionoideae, and the genus Glycinc L. It is produced primarily for oil and protein. Seeds of varieties produced in the United States average about 21 per cent oil and 40 per cent protein on a dry weight basis. Nearly 90 per cent of the soybean oil used in the United States is in human foods, primarily shortening and margarine, and over 95 per cent of the protein used domestically is in animal feeds. The chapter also deals with taxonomy, origin and distribution, reproduction, genetics of qualitative characters and genetics of quantitative characters of soybean, and breeding of soybean.
The physiology of relaxin.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the physiology of relaxin. The discovery of relaxin was the outcome of studies concerning pelvic adaptations associated with parturition. Relaxin has been extracted from the corpora lutea of sows by several different methods. The chief chemical characteristics of relaxin, as judged by these extracts, were its isoelectric point of 5.4 to 5.5, stability in acid solutions, and its insolubility in the common nonpolar solvents. The ovary, uterus, and placenta have been suggested as possible sites of relaxin formation. Not only has it been possible to extract relaxin from these three organs, but there is indication that they may serve as sources of the hormone in the normal physiology of the animal. A normal concentration of 10 G.P. units of relaxin per ml. of blood serum is maintained in pregnant rabbits when they are castrated at midterm and abortion is prevented by giving progesterone. The formation of relaxin in the mouse is apparently different from that observed in guinea pigs and rabbits.
Finite-time partial stability theory and fractional Lyapunov differential inequalities

In many practical applications, stability with respect to part of the system's states is often necessary with finite-time convergence to the equilibrium state of interest. Finite-time partial stability involves dynamical systems whose part of the trajectory converges to an equilibrium state in finite time. Since finite-time convergence implies non-uniqueness of system solutions in backward time, such systems possess non- Lipschitzian dynamics. In this paper, we address finite-time partial stability and uniform finite-time partial stability for nonlinear dynamical systems. Specifically, we provide Lyapunov conditions involving a Lyapunov function that is positive definite and decrescent with respect to part of the system state, and satisfies a differential inequality involving fractional powers for guaranteeing finite-time partial stability. In addition, we show that finite-time partial stability leads to uniqueness of solutions in forward time and we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for continuity of the settling-time function of the nonlinear dynamical system.
Hybrid Analytic Flows-the Case for Optimization

To remain competitive, enterprises are evolving in order to quickly respond to changing market conditions and customer needs. In this new environment, a single centralized data warehouse is no longer sufficient. Next generation business intelligence involves data flows that span multiple, diverse processing engines, that contain complex functionality like data/text analytics, machine learning operations, and that need to be optimized against various objectives. A common example is the use of Hadoop to analyze unstructured text and merging these results with relational database queries over the data warehouse. We refer to these multi-engine analytic data flows as hybrid flows. Currently, it is a cumbersome task to create and run hybrid flows. Custom scripts must be written to dispatch tasks to the individual processing engines and to exchange intermediate results. So, designing correct hybrid flows is a challenging task. Optimizing such flows is even harder. Additionally, when the underlying computing infrastructure changes, existing flows likely need modification and reoptimization. The current, ad-hoc design approach cannot scale as hybrid flows become more commonplace. To address this challenge, we are building a platform to design and manage hybrid flows. It supports the logical design of hybrid flows in which implementation details are not exposed. It generates code for the underlying processing engines and orchestrates their execution. But the key enabling technology in the platform is an optimizer that converts the logical flow to an executable form that is optimized for the underlying infrastructure according to user-specified objectives. In this paper, we describe challenges in designing the optimizer and our solutions. We illustrate the optimizer through a real-world use case. We present a logical design and optimized designs for the use case. We show how the performance of the use case varies depending on the system configuration and how the optimizer is able to generate different optimized flows for different configurations.
Algorithmic tools for real-time microsurgery simulation.

Abstract Today, there is growing interest in computer surgical simulation to enhance surgeons’ training. This paper presents a simulation system based on novel algorithms for animating instruments interacting with deformable tissue in real-time. The focus is on computing the deformation of a tissue subject to external forces, and detecting collisions among deformable and rigid objects. To achieve real-time performance, the algorithms take advantage of several characteristics of surgical training: (1) visual realism is more important than accurate, patient-specific simulation; (2) most tissue deformations are local; (3) human-body tissues are well damped; and (4) surgical instruments have relatively slow motions. Each key algorithm is described in detail and quantitative performance-evaluation results are given. The specific application considered in this paper is microsurgery, in which the user repairs a virtual severed blood vessel using forceps and a suture (micro-anastomosis). Microsurgery makes it possible to demonstrate several facets of the simulation algorithms, including the deformations of the blood vessel and the suture, and the collisions and interactions between the vessel, the forceps, and the suture. Validation of the overall microsurgery system is based on subjective analysis of the simulation’s visual realism by different users.
Robotic Optimization and Testing for the Formula One Tire-Changing Robot

Robotics experiences tremendous evolutions every year. Once a topic is mainly approached at research centers, read through highly specialized books and viewed distantly on scientific channels, nowadays it is a common and very approachable subject among undergraduate students of many universities. More and more robots are being designed every day, demanding technological implementation and production. This progress does not come without its glitches, however. A common and increasing problem that appears is the insufficient testing, simulation and optimization steps that a robotic construction needs to pass in order to achieve an efficient design. These steps prove to be difficult and sometimes discouraging, resulting in laborious work, due to lack of tools. This paper presents an example of a robotic optimization and testing, using a generic software package, applied on a custom manipulator, a tire-changing robot. Although the manipulator is designed with its own simulation and control package, it may lack optimality or validity. We implemented a different software package, focused on optimization and control of simple generic robots (XXX.RRR types) and apply the package on the tire-changer manipulator. The results provide improvements for the primary controlling software and confirm its correctness.
Discovery of Diffuse TeV Gamma Ray Emission from the Galactic Plane using Milagro Detector

Milagro is a water Cherenkov extensive air shower array that continuously views the entire overhead sky and is sensitive to gamma rays with energies near 1 TeV. Prior to this work, EGRET had observed the highest energy gamma rays from the Galactic plane. In the direction of the inner Galaxy and at energies between 1 GeV and 30 GeV, EGRET measured a gamma‐ray spectral index of approximately αγ = 2.4, harder than the cosmic‐ray spectrum. The shape and intensity of the spectrum beyond EGRET energies is sensitive to the production and propagation of cosmic rays. Here we report the detection of the TeV gamma rays from the region of the Milagro inner Galaxy (±5° Galactic latitude and (40°, 100°) Galactic longitude) with a significance of 5σ. The integral flux is estimated to be Φγ(E > 1TeV) = (5.7 ± 2.0) ⋅ 10−10 (ster−1cm−2sec−1) assuming a differential power law spectral index of 2.7 and an EGRET‐like source distribution. Comparison with EGRET’s data from the same part of the Galaxy may be used to constrain mo...
Theoretical Correlations of Organic Photochemical Reactions in the VUV

One of the most widely-held and important generalizations in solution-phase photochemistry is Kasha’s Rule [1], which states that emission occurs from vibrationally relaxed molecules in their lowest excited singlet (S1) or triplet (T1) state, independently of the state which was intitially excited. The convention al picture is that excitation to vibrationally excited levels of the lowest electronic state, or to higher electronic states, results in rapid radiationless decay to an equilibrium distribution of vibronic states of S1 or T1 before emission or photochemical reactions occur. However, it is now generally accepted that photochemical reactions of organic molecules are not limited to those occurring from the lowest excited state of the relevant manifolds [2]. A molecule containing excess electronic and vibrational energy can undergo processes such as nonradiative decay, radiative decay and photochemistry. A comparison of spectroscopic and photochemical rate constants is given in Table 1: Rate constants for nonradiative decay have values of ~1012 – 1014 s-l; however, the rate constant for a unimolecular reaction, assuming Ea E* (cf. Table 1), can reach a limiting value of ~1012 s-1.