cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Examining the relationship between job design and worker strain over time in a sample of office workers

This study examines relationships between job design variables and worker strain. Office workers from a public service organization participated in a three-year study. Once during each of the three years, the same questionnaire was handed out to the subjects to examine job design and worker strain. The results indicate that the bivariate relationships between job design and worker strain change over time. At round 1, quantitative workload, work pressure and supervisor social support were the most important predictors of the worker strain variables. At round 2, task clarity, supervisor social support, and job future ambiguity were the most important predictors of worker strain. At round 3, task clarity, attention, and job future ambiguity were the most consistent predictors of worker strain. The results of the canonical correlation analysis were relatively similar for rounds 1 and 3, but not for round 2. There appears to be some consistency in the overall underlying structure of the relationships between j...
Study on the total electric field at the ground level under two circuit DC transmission lines in the same corridor based on the upstream FEM method

The erection of two circuit DC transmission lines in the same corridor can increase the power transmission capability of the unit corridor, however, there still have been no engineering application precedents in the world for the construction of two circuit DC transmission lines in the same corridor. The situation of parallel adjacent erection for Xiangjiaba∼Shanghai and Jinping∼Sunan ±800kV DC transmission lines will appear in some sections in China, it is necessary to study the valid calculation method for their total electric field at the ground level to satisfy the requirements in engineering design and environment protection. In this paper, a calculation method for the total electric field was proposed which is based on the Upstream FEM Method, and its validity was proved by test results. The results of calculation and test were obtained and shown as follows. The different pole arrangement schemes of two circuit DC transmission lines in the same corridor would not notably influence the magnitude of the maximum total electric field at the ground level, but would influence its distribution location. The absolute value of the maximum total electric field at the ground level under two circuit DC transmission lines in the same corridor is not greatly different from that of just one circuit in normal operation.
Role of exercise to prevent fatigue and improve quality of life in localized prostate cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy

Materials/Methods: A prospective IRB approved randomized study. Twenty-one patients were assigned to a structured exercise group (n-11) or a control no exercise group (n 10). Assessments were carried out prior to starting and at the completion of radiotherapy. Instruments used included: Cardiac Fitness as measured by Metabolic Equivalents (METS); Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS); Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P). Lower extremity strength and flexibility also were assessed. Post-Pre changes within each group were assessed using paired-difference t-tests. These changes were compared between the two groups using two-sample t-tests. Each comparison was intended to stand on its own, so P-values were not adjusted for the large number of comparisons performed.
Mourning State Celebrations: Amnesic Iterations of Political Violence in Thailand

At the height of the United States wars in Southeast Asia in the 1970s, while political violence wrecked the provinces, Bangkok became one of the most visible sites of violence in Thailand against leftist social movements. Drawing from an ethnography of commemoration and the military archive, I suggest that after thirty years of silence, current commemorations speak to how emotional engagements are maneuvered in the public arena into a politics of forgetting. At the same time, relatives of those killed by state violence and activists enact mourning practices to insist on loss and to challenge the state-sponsored celebrations of fallen heroes. Ultimately, Thai pasts are worked through these commemorations as “spectacular-time.” As spectacle, the commemorations reenact the marches of the student movement as part of national history, to witness recreated scenes of violence, to relive particular landmarks as infused with meaning, and to identify with the alterity of 1970s leftist radicalism or the centrality ...
Mapping functional epitopes of the human LFA-1 glycoprotein: Monoclonal antibody ingibition of NK and CTL effectors

Abstract Anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) was originally identified by screening antibodies for their ability to inhibit cytolysis in the absence of complement. Anti-LFA-1 MoAb has been shown to inhibit both natural killer (NK) and cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) mediated cytolysis. To further define the utilization of this molecule in cell-mediated cytolysis, we used a panel of MoAb to functional epitopes on both the α and β chains of the LFA-1 heterodimer. The panel was used to compare OKT3 − NK effectors and OKT3 + CTL clones. As expected, function-associated MoAb to CTL antigens (T3, T8, LFA-2) and target cell antigens (HLA, LFA-3) blocked only CTL clones and not NK effectors. In contrast, anti-LFA-1 MoAb blocked both NK effectors and CTL clones. In addition, the panel of anti-LFA-1 MoAb demonstrated an identical hierarchy of functionally relevant LFA-1 epitopes. Given the similar utilization of LFA-1 in NK and CTL mediated cytotoxicity assays, we explored the ability of MoAb to different epitopes on LFA-1 to inhibit conjugate formation. Anti-LFA-1 MoAb inhibition of NK-target binding paralleled the inhibition of CTL-target binding. Thus, functional epitopes on the LFA-1 molecule have been defined for NK and CTL effectors. The identical hierarchy of functional epitopes indicates that the LFA-1 molecule is similarly utilized in NK and CTL mediated cytotoxicity and that the relevant epitopes are involved in effector-target conjugate formation. The common involvement of the LFA-1 molecule in both NK and CTL mediated cytotoxicity suggests a potential role for anti-LFA-1 MoAb in the treatment of human allograft rejection.
A tool for teaching curve design

This paper describes a tool for teaching curve design. This tool is a component of the software tools to be used in a computing with geometry course [3, 4] that is being developed under the support of National Science Foundation. Curve design is important in computer graphics, animation, and computer aided design. Unfortunately, curve design requires very involved mathematics even though many curve design concepts are intuitive. As a result, it has been a challenging job for instructors teaching curves and surfaces in computer graphics, computer aided design, and other related courses. During past years, there have not been very many efforts dedicated to curve design tool development. Yen [7] produced a well-received video program explaining important concepts of B-spline curves and surfaces and Rockwood and Chambers [6] published a multimedia tutorial on computer aided geometric design. The former only provides a one-way communication, while the latter restricts users to a predefined environment with very limited interaction for users to carry out experiments. To fill this gap, our tool provides students with a fully interactive environment in which they are free to design, modify, and manipulate curved objects and perform experiments without constraints.In the following, Section 2 presents design issues, Section 3 discusses general features, Section 4 enumerates basic elements, Section 5 covers advanced topics, and Section 6 is our conclusion. Interested readers should consult [1, 2, 5] for mathematical background details.
Cardiovascular events in diabetic and nondiabetic adults with or without history of myocardial infarction.

Background— Whether diabetic patients without a history of myocardial infarction (MI) have the same risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) events as nondiabetic patients with a history of MI remains controversial. We compared risks of CHD and stroke events and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetic and nondiabetic men and women with and without a history of MI. Methods and Results— We followed a total of 13 790 African American and white men and women ages 45 to 64 years who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, beginning in 1987 to 1989. There were 634 fatal CHD or nonfatal MI events, 312 fatal or nonfatal strokes, and 358 deaths from CVD during an average of 9 years of follow-up (125 998 person-years). After adjustment for age, sex, race, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities field center, and multiple baseline risk factors, patients who had a history of MI without diabetes at baseline had 1.9 times the risk of fatal CHD or nonfatal MI (95% CI, 1.35 to 2.56; P<0.001...
Model Analysis of Corn Response to Applied Nitrogen and Tillage

Crop production depends upon many factors such as level of applied nutrients, available water, stage of growth, crop species, soil type, and harvest interval (for perennials). Mathematical models provide a framework for linking these factors in a quantitative manner. In this article the extended logistic model is used to describe production (dry matter and plant N uptake) of corn (Zea mays L.) in response to applied N and method of tillage (minimal vs. plow). The model provides reasonable description of response curves (yield, plant N uptake, and plant N concentration vs. applied N). It also describes the phase relationships (yield and plant N concentration vs. plant N uptake) predicted by the model. All the difference in response to minimal vs. plow tillage is accounted for in the intercept parameters of the model, which relates to crop response at low levels of applied N. It is concluded that moldboard plowing turns under crop residue which releases nitrogen in the soil for utilization by the succeeding...
Stability of a bottom-heavy underwater vehicle

We study stability of underwater vehicle dynamics for a six-degree-of-freedom vehicle modeled as a neutrally buoyant, submerged rigid body in an ideal fluid. We consider the case in which the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the vehicle are noncoincident such that gravity introduces an orientation-dependent moment. Noting that Kirchhoff's equations of motion for a submerged rigid body are Hamiltonian with respect to a Lie-Poisson structure, we derive the Lie-Poisson structure for the underwater vehicle dynamics with noncoincident centers of gravity and buoyancy. Using the energy-Casimir method, we then derive conditions for Lyapunov stability of relative equilibria, i.e. stability of motions corresponding to constant translations and rotations. The conditions reveal for the vehicle stability problem the relevant design parameters, which in some cases can be interpreted as control parameters. Further, the formulation provides a setting for exploring the stabilizing and destabilizing effects of dissipation and externally applied control forces and torques.
Pineal function in long term blinded male and female golden hamsters.

Abstract Removal of the eyes from either adult male or female golden hamsters causes the reproductive organs to involute within 9 weeks. The testes and accessory sex organs (seminal vesicles and coagulating glands) of eyeless hamsters are reduced to one-sixth and one-seventh their normal size, respectively. The histologic structure of these organs also indicates marked hypofunction and decrease gonadotropin production or release. Although the ovaries of blinded females do not decrease in size they exhibit a diminution in follicular development and an increase in the amount of interstitial tissue. The uteri of the same animals are about one-fourth the size of those in control hamsters. Atrophy of the reproductive organs in eyeless hamsters of both sexes is a consequence of an activated pineal gland since if removal of the eyes is accompanied by removal of the pineal gland the gonads remain grossly and microscopically normal. If hamsters are maintained for 27 weeks after blinding, the gonads regenerate to an adult condition even though the pineal gland is intact. Thereafter, the gonads remain similar to those of untreated controls or blinded pinealectomized hamsters.
ISEE-C HKH High Energy Cosmic Rays

In this paper we describe a sateilite-borne multidetector cosmic ray telescope experiment. This package is designed to identify the charge and mass of incident cosmic ray nuclei from 11H to 6428Ni over the energy range from ~20 to ~500 MeV/nucleon. Particle identification is based on the multiple energy loss technique. The experiment will thus measure the isotopic abundances of the cosmic ray flux and provide essential information to help understand the origin of high energy cosmic rays.
Receptor Editing Can Lead to Allelic Inclusion and Development of B Cells That Retain Antibodies Reacting with High Avidity Autoantigens

Receptor editing is a major B cell tolerance mechanism that operates by secondary Ig gene rearrangements to change the specificity of autoreactive developing B cells. In the 3-83Igi mouse model, receptor editing operates in every autoreactive anti-H-2K b B cell, providing a novel receptor without additional cell loss. Despite the efficiency of receptor editing in generating nonautoreactive Ag receptors, we show in this study that this process does not inactivate the autoantibody-encoding gene(s) in every autoreactive B cell. In fact, receptor editing can generate allelically and isotypically included B cells that simultaneously express the original autoreactive and a novel nonautoreactive Ag receptors. Such dual Ab-expressing B cells differentiate into transitional and mature B cells retaining the expression of the autoantibody despite the high avidity interaction between the autoantibody and the self-Ag in this system. Moreover, we find that these high avidity autoreactive B cells retain the autoreactive Ag receptor within the cell as a consequence of autoantigen engagement and through a Src family kinase-dependent process. Finally, anti-H-2K b IgM autoantibodies are found in the sera of older 3-83Igi mice, indicating that dual Ab-expressing autoreactive B cells are potentially functional and capable of differentiating into IgM autoantibody-secreting plasma cells under certain circumstances. These results demonstrate that autoreactive B cells reacting with ubiquitous membrane bound autoantigens can bypass mechanisms of central tolerance by coexpressing nonautoreactive Abs. These dual Ab-expressing autoreactive B cells conceal their autoantibodies within the cell manifesting a superficially tolerant phenotype that can be partially overcome to secrete IgM autoantibodies.
Arguing about planning alternatives

In discourse processing, two major problems are understanding the underlying connections between successive dialog utterances and deciding on the content of a coherent dialog response. This paper presents a computational model of these tasks for a restricted class of argumentative dialogs. In these dialogs, each response presents a belief that justifies or contradicts another belief presented or inferred earlier in the dialog. Understanding a response involves relating a stated belief to these earlier beliefs, and producing a response involves selecting a belief to justify and deciding upon the set of beliefs to provide as its justification. Our approach is knowledge based, using general, common-sense justification rules to recognize how a belief is being justified and to form new justifications for beliefs. This approach provides the ability to recognise and respond to never before seen belief justifications, a necessary capability for any system that participates in dialogs involving disagreements.
Estimating the market impact of security breach announcements on firm values

Security breaches can have a significant economic impact on a firm. With public disclosure laws passed, security breaches involving disclosure of private client information can both damage the firms' reputation and lead to fines by US government agencies. We examined the impact of security breaches of US firms, as measured by their impact on the firm's market value. Data on security breaches were collected over the period 2004-2008. Reports and news articles corresponding to these breaches were obtained from public sources. Using event-study methodology, we estimate the impact of security breaches on the market value of publicly traded firms. Daily stock returns for firms impacted were obtained. Our results indicated that, on average, the announcement of a corporate security breach had a negative impact of about 1% of the market value of the firm during the days surrounding the event.
TWO STAGE SELECTION PROBLEM FOR NORMAL POPULATIONS WITH UNEQUAL VARIANCES

Summary The paper discusses the Dudewicz-Dalal modification of a Stein-type two sample procedure for the goal of selecting the population with the largest mean from k normal populations with unknown variances. Largest k values are obtained such that a procedure based on sample means is preferred to the Dudewicz-Dalal procedure. The more general goal of choosing those populations with the t largest means is also considered.
School readiness of children with language impairment: predicting literacy skills from pre-literacy and social-behavioural dimensions.

Background: School readiness generally captures the notion that children do best when they arrive at formal schooling with a certain threshold of skill that will help them thrive in the classroom's academic and social milieu. Aims: To examine the dimensionality of the construct of school readiness among children with language impairment (LI), as well as the extent to which these dimensions relate to children's end-of-kindergarten literacy skills. Methods & Procedures: Participants were 136 preschool-aged children with LI. Children were assessed on measures of pre-literacy, social, and behavioural skills in preschool and reading and spelling in kindergarten. Outcomes & Results: Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that school readiness for this sample of children with LI is best characterized as two dimensions: pre-literacy and socio-emotional. Of the two dimensions, pre-literacy readiness was predictive of children's future performance in reading and spelling. Conclusions & Implications: The results further our theoretical understanding of the dimensions of school readiness, as well as our knowledge of how these skills are related among children with LI. Identifying domain-specific readiness skills that are predictive of kindergarten success can help to identify means of early assessment and targets for speech–language intervention.
The Self Test: A screening tool for dementia requiring minimal supervision

BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study was to correlate a newly developed, simple, but comprehensive screening test for dementia called the Self Test (ST) with the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), and establish the reliability and validity of the ST. METHODS The ST was administered to 42 consecutive new referrals to the memory clinic at the Cole Neuroscience Center, University of Tennessee Medical Center (UTMC), Knoxville, TN, U.S.A. and 41 age-matched control subjects at regular intervals over a 12-month period. RESULTS The total ST scores correlated well with cognitive severity as measured by the MMSE (r = 0.71, p < 0.01). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROCC) in the group of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with less than a high school education was 0.80, and 0.89 in those with at least a high school education. Reliability analysis showed a mean inter-item correlation of 0.31 for patients with AD, and 0.47 for normal participants. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be 0.70 for the AD group. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.93, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The ST is an internally consistent, reliable and valid screening test for cognitive impairment in persons exhibiting early symptoms of dementia. In addition, the ST requires minimal nonprofessional supervision and may be administered by an untrained person.
Survey mode matters: adults' self-reported statistical confidence, ability to obtain health information, and perceptions of patient-health-care provider communication.

This study examined adults’ self-reported understanding and formatting preferences of medical statistics, confidence in self-care and ability to obtain health advice or information, and perceptions...
Expression of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell antigens by gliomas: Implications for the histogenesis of brain tumors

The early events in neoplastic transformation can be understood only by comparison of the neoplastic cell with its nontransformed counterpart. The most common central nervous system gliomas traditionally are thought to arise from mature astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. We examined the possibility that gliomas arise from a population of glia that has properties of oligodendrocyte progenitors. These glial cells express the NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and the α receptor of platelet-derived growth factor in vivo. We identified NG2 and the α receptor of platelet-derived growth factor expression in tissue from seven of seven oligodendrogliomas, three of three pilocytic astrocytomas, and one of five glioblastoma multiforme. These data provide evidence that glial tumors arise from glial progenitor cells. Molecules expressed by these progenitor cells should be considered as targets for novel therapeutics.
Abdominal Migraine: An Under-Diagnosed Cause of Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Children

(Headache 2011;51:707-712) Objective.— Our objective was to demonstrate that, despite recognition by both the gastroenterology and headache communities, abdominal migraine (AM) is an under-diagnosed cause of chronic, recurrent, abdominal pain in childhood in the USA. Background.— Chronic, recurrent abdominal pain occurs in 9-15% of all children and adolescents. After exclusion of anatomic, infectious, inflammatory, or other metabolic causes, “functional abdominal pain” is the most common diagnosis of chronic, idiopathic, abdominal pain in childhood. Functional abdominal pain is typically categorized into one, or a combination of, the following 4 groups: functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, AM, or functional abdominal pain syndrome. International Classification of Headache Disorders—(ICHD-2) defines AM as an idiopathic disorder characterized by attacks of midline, moderate to severe abdominal pain lasting 1-72 hours with vasomotor symptoms, nausea and vomiting, and included AM among the “periodic syndromes of childhood that are precursors for migraine.” Rome III Gastroenterology criteria (2006) separately established diagnostic criteria and confirmed AM as a well-defined cause of recurrent abdominal pain. Methods.— Following institutional review board approval, a retrospective chart review was conducted on patients referred to an academic pediatric gastroenterology practice with the clinical complaint of recurrent abdominal pain. ICHD-2 criteria were applied to identify the subset of children fulfilling criteria for AM. Demographics, diagnostic evaluation, treatment regimen and outcomes were collected. Results.— From an initial cohort of 600 children (ages 1-21 years; 59% females) with recurrent abdominal pain, 142 (24%) were excluded on the basis of their ultimate diagnosis. Of the 458 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 1824 total patient office visits were reviewed. Three hundred eighty-eight (84.6%) did not meet criteria for AM, 20 (4.4%) met ICHD-2 formal criteria for AM and another 50 (11%) had documentation lacking at least 1 criterion, but were otherwise consistent with AM (probable AM). During the observation period, no children seen in this gastroenterology practice had received a diagnosis of AM. Conclusion.— Among children with chronic, idiopathic, recurrent abdominal pain, AM represents about 4-15%. Given the spectrum of treatment modalities now available for pediatric migraine, increased awareness of cardinal features of AM by pediatricians and pediatric gastroenterologists may result in improved diagnostic accuracy and early institution of both acute and preventative migraine-specific treatments.
Pulmonary research in 2013 and beyond: a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute perspective.

predicting the future is always perilous, particularly regarding trends in biomedical research. With no scientific analog of a crystal ball, we probably prognosticate best by simply observing trends — noting areas of research and approaches that have recently developed or are moving forward
Prevalence of Dysglycemia Among Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Patients with No Previous Diabetic History

Dysglycemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. In many patient populations dysglycemia is under-diagnosed. Patients with severe coronary artery disease commonly have dysglycemia and there is growing evidence that dysglycemia, irrespective of underlying history of diabetes, is associated with adverse outcome in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients, including longer hospital stay, wound infections, and higher mortality. As HbA1c is an easy and reliable way of checking for dysglycemia we routinely screen all patients undergoing CABG for elevations in HbA1c. Our hypothesis was that a substantial number of patients with dysglycemia that could be identified at the time of cardiothoracic surgery despite having no apparent history of diabetes. 1045 consecutive patients undergoing CABG between 2007 and 2009 had HbA1c measured pre-operatively. The 2010 American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnostic guidelines were used to categorize patients with no known history of diabetes as having diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%) or increased risk for diabetes (HbA1c 5.7-6.4%). Of the 1045 patients with pre-operative HbA1c measurements, 40% (n = 415) had a known history of diabetes and 60% (n = 630) had no known history of diabetes. For the 630 patients with no known diabetic history: 207 (32.9%) had a normal HbA1c (< 5.7%); 356 (56.5%) had an HbA1c falling in the increased risk for diabetes range (5.7-6.4%); and 67 (10.6%) had an HbA1c in the diabetes range (6.5% or higher). In this study the only conventional risk factor that was predictive of high HbA1c was BMI. We also found a high HbA1c irrespective of history of DM was associated with severe coronary artery disease as indicated by the number of vessels revascularized. Among individuals undergoing CABG with no known history of diabetes, there is a substantial amount of undiagnosed dysglycemia. Even though labeling these patients as "diabetic" or "increased risk for diabetes" remains controversial in terms of perioperative management, pre-operative screening could lead to appropriate post-operative follow up to mitigate short-term adverse outcome and provide high priority medical referrals of this at risk population.
UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE ROOM FIRES—MEASUREMENTS, COMPARISON WITH FURNITURE CALORIMETER DATA, AND FLASHOVER PREDICTIONS

This paper describes a series of room fire tests using upholstered furniture items for comparison with their open burning rates, previously determined in a furniture calorimeter. For the four tests conducted good agreement was seen in all periods of the room fires, including post-flashover, noting that only fuel- controlled room fires were considered. Difficulties in making accurate mass and heat flow measurements in the room's window opening were found, and it is sug gested that with present day instrumentation only exhaust stack measurements are reliable. Finally, a number of simplified rules or theories for predicting room flashover based on room physical properties and open-burning heat release values were examined and compared. Broad agreement was generally found, with recommended ones selected on the basis of well-controlled asymptotic behavior.
Secularism, Sovereignty, Indeterminacy: Is Egypt a Secular or a Religious State?

In this essay I offer a thesis about secularism as a modern historical phenomenon, through a consideration of state politics, law, and religion in contemporary Egypt. Egypt seems hardly a place for theorizing about modern secularity. For it is a state where politics and religion seem to constantly blur together, giving rise to continual conflict, and it thus seems, at best, only precariously secular. These facts, however, go to the heart of my thesis: that secularism itself incessantly blurs together religion and politics, and that its power relies crucially upon the precariousness of the categories it establishes. Egypt's religious-political ambiguities, I argue, are expressions of deeper indeterminacies at the very foundation of secular power. In what follows, I elaborate my thesis, how it differs from other, similar sounding arguments, and the shift in perspective on secularism that it entails. I begin with a famous Egyptian apostasy case.
Rethinking advising: developing a proactive culture to improve retention

In 2009 DePaul University's College of Computing and Digital Media (DePaul CDM) discovered a significant lag in undergraduate retention rates as well as four, five and six-year graduation rates as compared to other major colleges at the university. DePaul CDM's investment in online student service resources had over time caused the unintentional reinvention of the college advising office into one that supported a very limited number of students, focusing primarily on students either in academic distress or students nearing graduation. In an effort to modify the advising culture at DePaul CDM into a more proactive one, a strategic student service plan was formulated, with the goal of addressing issues related to retention and graduation. We describe early successes and failures in changing the approach to student advising and provide information about future initiatives and evaluation.
Development of a Toxic Bait for Control of Eastern Lubber Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

This study assessed baits for eastern lubber grasshopper, Romalea guttata (Houttuyn). When offered a choice among several grain-based baits (rolled oats, wheat bran, oat bran, yeast, corn meal, cornflakes) and vegetable oils (canola, corn, peanut, soybean), eastern lubber grasshopper adults preferred bait consisting of wheat bran carrier with corn oil as an added phagostimulant. Other carriers were accepted but consumed less frequently. Discrimination by eastern lubber grasshoppers among oils was poor. Similarly, addition of flavorings (peppermint, anise, lemon, banana) resulted in few significant effects. The carbaryl, wheat bran, and oil bait developed in this study was effective at causing eastern lubber grasshopper mortality in field-cage studies. Significant mortality occurred even though grasshoppers had to locate dishes of bait in a large cage, and could feed on daylilies, or grass growing through the bottom of the cage, rather than on the bran flakes. Consumption of as little as a single carbaryl-treated bran flake could induce mortality, although individuals varied greatly in their susceptibility. The bait matrix developed in this study was readily consumed when in the presence of some plant species. We expect that wheat bran and corn oil bait would be most effective as protection for less preferred plants (tomato, pepper, eggplant, leek, parsley, fennel, daylily, lily of the Nile, and canna lily) because baits were readily consumed in the presence of these plants. Plants that are readily consumed in the presence of bait (preferred plants) included butter crunch lettuce, carrot, yellow squash, cauliflower, collards, green onion, chive, cucumber, cabbage, cantalope, endive, red leaf lettuce, society garlic, caladium, and amaryllis. Baits are likely to be less effective in the presence of such plants. On average, vegetables in Solanaceae (i.e., tomato, pepper, and eggplant) and Apiaceae (i.e., fennel and parsley) elicited high levels of bait-feeding activity, indicating that these vegetables were not highly preferred. The plants tested from Liliaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae, and Brassicaceae elicited an intermediate-to-low level of bait feeding.
X Radiation Causes a Persistent Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species and a Delayed Reinduction of TP53 in Normal Human Diploid Fibroblasts

Multiple genetic changes are required for the development of a malignant cell. The frequency of such changes in cancer cells is higher than can be explained through random mutation, and it was proposed that a subpopulation of cells develop a persistent mutator phenotype. Evidence for such a phenotype has been observed in mammalian cells after treatment with ionizing radiation. The mechanism that promotes this effect has not been defined, but proposed explanations include increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in irradiated cells and their progeny. The tumor suppressor TP53 is of prime importance in coordinating the cellular response to damage, and it has been suggested to have a role in regulating the cellular redox state. We investigated the persistence of induced levels of ROS in normal diploid human cells for 1 month after X-ray exposure and the role of TP53 in this oxidant response. X radiation induced an oxidant response that persisted for 2 weeks after exposure in cells with normal TP53 function. ROS levels in cells with abrogated TP53 function were decreased in magnitude and duration. X radiation caused a primary transient induction of TP53 followed by a reinduction of TP53 5 days after irradiation. This reinduction persisted for at least 2 days and coincided with the largest induction of apoptosis. The persistently elevated levels of ROS and delayed reinduction of TP53 reported here are further evidence of the delayed effects of ionizing radiation and add to the growing number of such observations.
The Role of the NASA Global Hawk Link Module as an Information Nexus For Atmospheric Mapping Missions

The Link Module described in this paper was developed for the NASA Uninhabited Aerial System (UAS) Global Hawk Pacific Mission (GloPAC) Airborne Science Campaign; four flights of 30 hour duration, supporting the Aura Validation Experiment (AVE). It was used again during the Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes (GRIP) experiment, a NASA Earth Science field experiment to better understand how tropical storms form and develop into major hurricanes. In these missions, the Link Module negotiated all communication over the high bandwidth Ku satellite link, archived all the science data from onboard experiments in a spatially enabled database, routed command and control of the instruments from the Global Hawk Operations Center, and re-transmitted select data sets directly to experimenters control and analysis systems. The availability of aggregated information from collections of sensors, and remote control capabilities, in real-time, is revolutionizing the way Airborne Science is being conducted. The Link Module NG now being flown in support of the NASA Earth Venture missions, the Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3) mission, and Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment (A TTREX) mission, has advanced data fusion technologies that are further advancing the Scientific productivity, flexibility and robustness of these systems. On-the-fly traffic shaping has been developed to allow the high definition video, used for critical flight control segments, to dynamically allocate variable bandwidth on demand. Historically, the Link Module evolved from the instrument and communication interface controller used by NASA's Pathfinder and Pathfinder plus solar powered UAS's in the late 1990' s. It later was expanded for use in the AIRDAS four channel scanner flown on the NASA Altus UAS, and then again to a module in the AMS twelve channel multispectral scanner flying on the NASA (Predator-b) Ikhana UAS. The current system is the answer to the challenges imposed by extremely long duration UASs, with on-board multi-instrument (>= 12) Sensor Webs.
Microhematuria in Postmenopausal Women: Adherence to Guidelines in a Tertiary Care Setting

Purpose: In 2012 the AUA (American Urological Association) released a revision of the asymptomatic microscopic hematuria guidelines. Our study objectives were to assess adherence to these guidelines and describe the prevalence of urinary tract malignancy in postmenopausal women at our institution.Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of women older than 55 years evaluated at the Division of Urogynecology or Urology from August 2012 to August 2014 for a diagnosis of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria. Women who underwent evaluation for 3 or more red blood cells per high power field on microscopic urinalysis were considered to have true asymptomatic microscopic hematuria. Those evaluated after a dipstick test with blood who had fewer than 3 red blood cells per high power field on urinalysis or no urinalysis were considered positive dipstick. Demographics, laboratory values, imaging results and cystoscopy findings were extracted from electronic medical records.Results: Our study populatio...
Gambling and Drug Abuse

Pathological gambling shares many similarities to substance use disorders, including some diagnostic criteria and high rates of comorbidity. This chapter reviews epidemiological and treatment studies exploring the relationship between disordered gambling and substance use. It also delineates the increased problems experienced by individuals with both disorders. Further, this chapter describes treatment interventions for individuals with gambling problems. Existing research demonstrates the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for pathological gambling as well as motivational enhancement therapy for gambling behavior problems. Based on consideration of these findings, we suggest an integrated treatment approach to assist dually diagnosed clients in overcoming concurrent gambling and substance use problems. However, further empirical research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of treatments specifically for this dually diagnosis population.
Auto-IRAs: How Much Would They Increase the Probability of 'Successful' Retirements and Decrease Retirement Deficits? Preliminary Evidence from EBRI's Retirement Security Projection Model®

This paper analyzes the potential of a generic auto-IRA proposal to increase the probability of a “successful” retirement and decrease retirement deficits. Results were provided for all age groups from ages 35-64, but the primary focus was on the youngest cohort (ages 35-39), as they would have the longest period to benefit from this change and thus provide a better sample to assess the long-term effects of this proposal. Assuming no opt outs, this analysis finds that for households in the youngest cohort working for small employers, the introduction of an auto-IRA would increase the probability of a “successful” retirement (as measured by the Retirement Readiness Ratings, or RRR) by 8.4 percent, declining as employer size increases. This increase in RRR was reduced to 5.7 percent for those working for medium-sized employers and 4.6 percent for those working for larger employers. Several sensitivity analyses of opt-out rates were included, but even in the worst-case scenario (75 percent opt out) there was an increase in RRR, albeit only 2.2 percent for those working for small employers, 1.5 percent for those working for medium-sized employers, and 1.1 percent for those working for large employers. If the analysis is limited to those households covered by at least one auto-IRA, the 8.4 percent RRR increase for the youngest cohort working for small employers assuming no opt-out increases to 9.3 percent. If the conditional probability of participating in a defined contribution plan after being in an auto-IRA is assumed to increase to 1, the 8.4 percent RRR increase for this group rises to 9.1 percent. If the employee contribution rate is doubled to 6 percent, the 8.4 percent RRR increase for this group nearly doubles, to 15.2 percent. Among all families where the head is ages 35-64, the aggregate national retirement deficit (in 2014 dollars) decreases from $4.13 trillion without auto-IRAs to $3.86 trillion (or a 6.5 percent decrease) with auto-IRAs and no opt outs. As opt-out rates rise, there is progressively less reduction in the aggregate deficits; at a 75 percent opt-out rate, the aggregate deficit is $4.06 trillion (only a 1.7 percent decrease).
Television’s New Men

Television has long been a feminized medium, associated with women and femininity by virtue of its consumerism and its place in the home (Lynn Spigel 1992), but it has also always been a showcase f...
The Shape of Guilds to Come: The Hollywood Guild Residuals and the Challenge of New Media

As technology changes the entertainment industry, it also changes our entertainment choices. Wide-ranging trends prompted by new technologies that affect the delivery of entertainment to the masses are already generating pressure among Hollywood's labor ranks for these changes to be reflected in their guilds' contracts. But as profound as the industry-wide changes are, the industry's labor may not see its employment contracts change as profoundly just yet for economic, political, and even cultural reasons.
Light scattering spectroscopy for measuring subcellular organelles

We report light scattering experiments using aqueous suspensions of subcellular organelles. From the observed spectra, we extract size distributions that are in very agreement with the results of electron microscopy studies.
A solid phase radioimmunoassay for the measurement of free thyroxine. A new screening test for thyroid function

A solid phase radioimmunoassay for the measurement of free thyroxine, utilizing immunoextraction of free T4, was evaluated for its clinical utility and compared to the free thyroxine indices obtained by the measurement of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) or assessment of TBG by talc T3 uptake (TT3U) and total T4 (FTI-1 = total T4/TBG and FT1-2 = Total T4 × TT3U). Free T4, FTI-1, and FTI-2 were analyzed in a total of 202 specimens: 62 normal healthy subjects, 40 hypothyroid, 11 hyperthyroid, 63 euthyroid, 16 euthyroid women on oral contraceptives, seven euthyroid pregnant women, two euthyroid patients with TBG deficiency, and one euthyroid patient with an excessive increase in TBG. Also, free T4 and FTI-2 were measured in nine patients with nonthyroidal illnesses who had decreased triiodothyronine and total T4 levels. Free T4 assay was simple and rapid but showed poor precision. Also, it was less sensitive for detecting hypothyroidism (sensitivity 75%) as compared to FTI-1 and FTI-2 (sensitivity, 95% and 90%, respectively) and, therefore, is not recommended for screening purposes. This test, however, seems to be helpful in confirming the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in occasional patients with high normal FTI levels as well as for ruling out hypothyroidism in patients with nonthyroidal illnesses.
Investigation of Transport Properties, Microstructure, and Thermal Behavior of PEFC Catalyst Layers

Several experimental techniques have been used to characterize the properties of ionomer in PFEC catalyst layers (CLs). NMR methods have been applied to determine the water motions at long-range (diffusion) and short-range (relaxation) in CLs. Our preliminary results suggest that the water diffusion in the ionomer phase is affected by the amount of catalyst particles (Pt/C) present in CLs. To further assess the factor(s) that might influence water diffusion in CLs, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) has been conducted to investigate the dispersion of ionomer and catalyst particles in CLs. The composition effect on the CL structure will be discussed. In addition, thermal properties of CLs have been studied by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) in an attempt to reveal polymer-Pt/C interactions. When compared with the thermal behavior of bulk Nafion (Nafion-112), additional features are observed in the MDSC 'kinetic' component during heating process. The nature of this feature is currently under investigation.
Pulsatory Channel Flow for an Arbitrary Volumetric Flowrate

In this study we present an analytical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations for pulsatory laminar duct flow specified by an arbitrary flowrate. The novelty of this solution lies in the application. The specification of a variant volumetric flowrate rather than a pressure gradient can be advantageous in those physical settings where pressures are more difficult to measure than flowrates. Using the method of residues in conjunction with Laplace transforms, we apply the Das and Arakeri approach to the classic viscous flow in a rectangular duct for a general pulsatory piston motion. We then present the special solutions for oscillatory and trapezoidal piston motions. After identifying explicit relations that prescribe shear reversal at the wall, limiting process verifications are carried out to confirm the validity of the analytical results.
The amino acid sequence of a gonococcal growth inhibitor from Staphylococcus haemolyticus.

A gonococcal inhibitor produced by Staphylococcus haemolyticus was separated into three components by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. The amino acid composition analysis of each of the three components indicated extensive similarities. N-Terminal sequence analysis of all three components allowed the identification of the first 27-30 residues of each. The complete primary structure of each component was determined from the sequence analysis of trypic peptides and peptides generated by mild acid hydrolysis. Each component is composed of 44 amino acid residues, with evidence suggesting the presence of an N-terminal formylmethionine residue in each. The components I, II and III have respectively 33, 29 and 33 identical amino acid residues in their sequences, which represents 75%, 65.9% and 75% homology. These components contain a high proportion of hydrophobic amino acids, and their hydrophobicity profiles are closely related. Also, each of the three components contains a positively charged residue (lysine) as the third residue, followed by a core of hydrophobic residues. These results suggest that the three components are possible signal sequences of one or more secreted or membrane-associated proteins.
Value of Doctors' Labor Force under New Health Care Roform

Doctors are the producer of medical service.Their labor,with its connotation and value different from medicine instrument,shouldn't be valued by money and evaluated by labor time.Public welfare in medical institute and the development of industrialization in profitable hospitals should present doctors' value.Cost evaluation of hospitals should be done.Through cost construction analyzed and medical cost controlled by value theory,and diseases and visiting number research,medical service pricing system is explored.Suitable pilot should be selected to explore medical service type,price and evaluating method.It is necessary to strengthen supervision and evaluation.