cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Valid Form of the PISQ-12, the PISQ-9, for Use in Comparative Studies of Women With and Without Pelvic Organ Prolapse and/or Urinary Incontinence.

OBJECTIVES : To test the validity and reliability of a modified short-form Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-9) in a general female population. METHODS : A cross-sectional survey of 364 sexually active women attending annual gatherings in 2005-06 was conducted. Validated questionnaires were completed, including PISQ-12, Index of Female Sexual Function (IFSF), Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20), Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II) and Pelvic Pain Urgency/Frequency (PUF) scale. PISQ-12/PISQ-9 scores, for construct validity, were compared with the validated questionnaires, and reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha statistic. RESULTS : PISQ-12/PISQ-9 scores correlated significantly with IFSF scores (Spearman-coefficient, 0.65 and 0.66, respectively, P < 0.0001). Mean PISQ-12/PISQ-9 scores in asymptomatic women were significantly better than those in symptomatic women (PISQ-12: 40.0 ± 4.3 versus 37.1 ± 5.2, P < 0.0001; effect size = 0.65, PISQ-9: 28.1 ± 4.1 versus 25.8 ± 4.8, P < 0.0001, effect size = 0.56). PISQ-12/PISQ-9 scores were worse in women with depressive/bladder-pain symptoms compared with those women without these symptoms. Cronbach's alpha values were 0.73 and 0.72 for PISQ-12 and PISQ-9 scores, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : PISQ-9 scores strongly correlate with PISQ-12 scores as well as scores of a general sexual-function questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha statistics are acceptable. The PISQ-9 can be reliably used in comparative studies assessing pelvic floor function in women with and without prolapse or incontinence.
Comparison of Harvest and Processing Techniques for Fat Grafting and Adipose Stem Cell Isolation

Background:Variability in harvest and processing technique may impact the success of fat grafting. This study compared properties of fat grafts produced by differing methods and assessed volume retention of the grafted tissue in a nude mouse model.Methods:In phase I, fat was harvested by either suct
HPLC-ESS/MS analysis of chlorogenic acid and its hydrolysate

Objective:To investigate the main factors that induce the chlorogenic acid hydrolyse and the related hydrolysate during the preparation of Shuang-huang-lian decotion.Methods:HPLC-ESI-MSn were used to indentify the hydrolysate of chlorogenic acid in different conditions.Results:chlorogenic acid was stable in the water with pH value 6.85,it was more stable in the acidic water than in the basic water.Conclusion:the hydrolyse of chlorogenic acid was supposed as cleavage of the ester bond,cleavage of the ester bond with a rearrangement of the caffeoyl residue or the addition of a molecule of water.
Research and Application of High Pressure Hydraulic Fracturing Technology to Mine Gas Comprehensive Control

According to the difficult gas drainage problem of the low permeability outburst seam in Pingdingshan Mining Area,the hydraulic fracturing technology was first successfully applied to the underground mine comprehensive gas control.The seam permeability was efficiently improved and the seam gas pressure was reduced.In order to ensure the fracturing effect,the directional fracturing was researched and the parameters of the underground mine hydraulic fracturing were optimized.Base on the circumstance,a set of the hydraulic fracturing device and borehole sealing device suitable for the underground mine application was successfully researched and developed and was promoted for the application.
Analysis of α-blockers combined with electronic biofeedback in the treatment of type III prostatitis

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of α-blockers combined with electronic biofeedback therapy in the treatment of type Ⅲ prostatitis.Methods: The clinic diagnosed 97 cases of type Ⅲ patients with prostatitis were randomly divided into control group(48 cases) and experiment group(49 cases).They were both received 4 weeks therapy.The control group received only α-blocker therapy,the experiment group received α-blockers combined electronic biofeedback therapy.The U.S.National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI) score was used to assess two groups before and after treatment,respectively.Prostate massage fluid(EPS) routine examination results were also recorded after treatment as indicators of efficacy evaluation.Results: In the control group,2 cases(4.17%) were cured,4 cases(8.33%) were effective,13 cases(27.08%) were improved and 29 cases(60.42%) were ineffective,the total effective rate in the control group was 39.58%.In the experiment group,6 cases(12.24%) were cured,8 cases(16.33%) were effective,17 cases(34.69%) were improved,and 18 cases(36.73%) were ineffective,the total effective rate in the experiment group was 63.27%.There was statistical difference between the two groups(P0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the experiment group CPSI indicators improved significantly than the control group,especially in urinary symptoms and total scores,with the significantly statistical difference(P0.05 or P0.01).EPS routine examinations after treatment in two groups were normal in 12 cases(25.00%) of the control group,27 cases(55.10%) of the experiment group.There was a statistically difference(P0.05) between the two groups.There were no side effects and anal trauma occurred.Conclusion: The combination of α-blocker treatment and electronic bio-feedback therapy is safe,effective in the treatment of type Ⅲ prostatitis.
An Engineered Switch in T Cell Receptor Specificity Leads to an Unusual but Functional Binding Geometry

Utilizing a diverse binding site, T cell receptors (TCRs) specifically recognize a composite ligand comprised of a foreign peptide and a major histocompatibility complex protein (MHC). To help understand the determinants of TCR specificity, we studied a parental and engineered receptor whose peptide specificity had been switched via molecular evolution. Altered specificity was associated with a significant change in TCR-binding geometry, but this did not impact the ability of the TCR to signal in an antigen-specific manner. The determinants of binding and specificity were distributed among contact and non-contact residues in germline and hypervariable loops, and included disruption of key TCR-MHC interactions that bias αβ TCRs toward particular binding modes. Sequence-fitness landscapes identified additional mutations that further enhanced specificity. Our results demonstrate that TCR specificity arises from the distributed action of numerous sites throughout the interface, with significant implications for engineering therapeutic TCRs with novel and functional recognition properties.
Left subclavian-left coronary artery anastomosis for anomalous origin of the left coronary artery: Long-term follow-up

From 1972 to 1987, seven patients, from two to 28 months of age, underwent left subclavian artery-left coronary artery anastomosis for anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk. All of these infants, median age 4 months, had severe congestive heart failure caused by anterolateral myocardial infarctions. There were two hospital deaths (29% mortality rate) with no late deaths after an average 10-year follow-up. All survivors have good exercise tolerance New York Heart Association class I), reduction in heart size, and significant improvement or normalization of ventricular function by echocardiography. Patency of the subclavian-left coronary artery anastomosis has been documented in two of four patients who have undergone catheterization. In contrast to other revascularizing procedures for treatment of an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery, anastomosis of the left subclavian to the left coronary artery may be performed without cardiopulmonary bypass or aortic occlusion. Moreover, this procedure appears to have an acceptable mortality rate with excellent long-term functional results in critically ill infants.
The Evolution of Domestic Trade Flows When Foreign Trade Is Liberalized: Evidence from the Chinese Maritime Customs Service

Little is known about the interaction between domestic and international trade because of the paucity of data on domestic trade. The opening of international trade may change, for example, the extent of domestic market integration as more domestic goods are moved to ports that serve foreign markets. In addition, domestic infrastructure and market networks can also be expected to adapt as a greater volume of foreign goods are imported and subsequently distributed to different domestic market locations. Furthermore, as new goods are introduced by domestic producers to the foreign market, these Chinese-produced goods (what are commonly termed ‘native goods’) may occupy new and separate trading networks.1
Nearfield phase change optical recording using a GaP hemispherical lens

The data density ofthe optical recording medium depends on the focused beam spot size, which is limited by diffraction. The beam spot size can be reduced by using a shorter wavelength light source or a larger NA objective lens. Recently, near-field optical techniques using evanescent light, have been developed to overcome the diffraction limit of far-field optics.
Tunable microwave/millimeter wave transversal filter using retro-reflective spatial photonics

Proposed and demonstrated is a spatial light modulator and fiber-based compact architecture for a programmable broadband radio frequency (RF) transversal filter.
Optimal Partitioning And Redundancy Removal In Computing Partial Sums

Two novel a lgorithms for simultaneous computation of a large number of partial sums are introduced, their performance assessed, and architectures for t heir implementation suggested. Direct computation of D operations are replaced by O(D/log D). The new approach is based on a new concept of optimal partitioning and redundancy removal in arithmetic intensive, high throughput computing that is expected to be the basis of a new class of algorithms which represent a departure from brute f orce para1 le1 computation where inherent redundancy is not detected or removed. I. INTRODUCTION In this paper two dual a lgorithms for the efficient concurrent computation of partial sums are introduced and their performance assessed. These algorithms are members of a novel class of algorithms and architectures t hat is particularly suited for arithmetic i ntensive, high t hroughput computing. This class is based on partitioning the desired computations into parts that can assume a relatively small number of distinct forms. The redundancy resulting from the appearance of a given form more than once is removed by computing each form only once. The computation of all the distinct forms is performed first, and then combined appropriately to obtain the desired results. The partitioning size is parameterized by a partition parameter, or parameters. A cost f unction is defined to take into account all the relevant factors such as the number of operations, c hip area, and Computation time. This cost f unction is, after partitioning, a function of the partition parameter(s1 with respect to which it could be minimized. The minimum cost is attained at certain optimal partition sizes, that should be used in the imp1 ementation. The partial sums computation of interest to us are of expressed in the form
Conformationally Rigid Cyclic Tungsten Bis-Alkyne Complexes Derived from 1,1’-Dialkynylferrocenes

Abstract In exploring the conformational behavior of cyclic tungsten bis-alkyne complexes, two dialkynylamides (14a and 14c) and two dialkynylesters (14b and 14d) derived from 1,1’-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid were prepared. They were subsequently reacted with W(CO)3(dmtc)2 to yield the desired cyclic tungsten bis-alkyne complexes 8–11. In the cyclization of 14a to yield 8 a dimeric macrocyclic complex, 15, featuring two tungsten bis-alkyne complexes in the ring, also was isolated. The conformational behavior of these complexes was assessed by analysis of the 1H NMR resonances for the alkyne hydrogens, which appear around 11 ppm. The spectra for complexes 10, 11 and 15 show multiple singlets of varying integrations for these protons, while the spectra for complexes 8 and 9 show only two resonances of equal integration for the alkyne hydrogens. The spectra for 8 and 9 changed very little when examined at higher temperatures, indicating that the solution conformation is robust. A ROESY spectrum was obtained for 8. It did not show any crosspeaks between the two alkyne hydrogens. The NMR data shows that the alkyne ligands in 10, 11 and 15 are able to rotate about the tungsten-alkyne bond; these complexes adopted several different solution conformations relating to syn and anti arrangements of the alkyne ligands. In contrast, complexes 8 and 9 adopt only one solution conformation, and the alkyne ligands in these species do not rotate about the tungsten-alkyne bond. The NMR spectra for 8 and 9 also show that these complexes are asymmetric. The 1H NMR spectra for 8 and 9 show that each hydrogen atom has its own unique resonance in the 1H NMR spectrum. There are 8 resonances for the 8 Cp protons, 4 resonances for the methylene protons, 2 resonances for the alkyne protons, and in the case of 8, 2 resonances for the NH protons. The two NH protons on complex 8 were found to have widely different chemical shifts. A DMSO titration was performed and it showed that one of the two NH protons in 8 is involved in an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Given that the diester 9 adopts a similar conformation as the diamide 8, this intramolecular hydrogen bond appears to result from the conformation imposed by cyclization of the ring system. Overall, the data show that the ring system for 8 and 9 provides a unique, rigid, robust, and air stable cyclic molecule where the alkyne ligands are limited to one orientation, presumably the syn orientation. The lack of mobility for the alkyne ligands limits the cyclic molecule to only one solution conformation. Complexes 8 and 9 are the first reported examples of cyclic tungsten bis-alkyne complexes that only adopt a single, robust conformation in solution.
Exploiting Particle Mutual Interactions To Enable Challenging Dielectrophoretic Processes

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is the motion of particles under the influence of a nonuniform electric field. In insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP), the required nonuniform electric fields are generated with insulating structures embedded in a microchannel. These structures distort the electric field distribution when an electric potential is applied. This contribution presents an experimental characterization of the electrokinetic (EK) and DEP velocities of a set of target particles, under DC potentials, when additional innocuous particles are used as fillers. Streak-based particle velocimetry in a tapered channel was used to assess particle motion. Filler particles of various sizes were added at different volume fractions (ϕ) to suspending media containing the target particles/cells. The presence of the filler particles resulted in electric field distortions and dissimilar particle behaviors caused by particle–particle interactions. These particle mutual interactions were exploited to improve the enrichm...
High-Relief Epiphanies

An epiphany is the appearance or manifestation of God, a god, or the divine or religious reality. An epiphany may be presented as a visual apparition or as hearing God or a god, or in the felt presence of the divine or religious reality, directly or indirectly manifested. High-relief epiphanies stand out against the background of ordinary experience more than other epiphanies. They are awe-filled events so disruptive of and discontinuous with the natural course of things as to leave the human who experiences the epiphany trembling. By definition, all epiphanies are supernatural, but in their visual presentation high-relief epiphanies may be pyrotechnic, psychedelic, and frightening in terms of the supernatural display. In this chapter, three examples of high-relief epiphanies from the Jewish and Christian traditions are considered, one from the Torah and two from the New Testament, as well as the epiphany granted to Arjuna by Krishna in the Bhagavad-Gita in the Hindu tradition. High-relief polytheistic epiphanies, as presented by Homer in the Iliad, are considered too, and a Native American epiphany, evoked in a literary work by William Faulkner, is also presented.
The Vascular Flora of Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge and False Cape State Park, Virginia

The vascular flora of Bay National Wildlife Refuge consists of 602 species within 343 genera and 123 families. Of these 519 are native (86%) while 83 are not native to the region. Thirty two species are listed as rare or endangered in Virginia including two small populations of Bartonia verna at False Cape State Park found nowhere else in the state. Several species with southern affinities reach their northern range limit on the Back Bay region, whereas only two northern taxa, Hudsonia tomentosa and Myrica pensylvania are near their southern limit. Non-native varieties of Phragmites australis are a major component of the natural vegetation and pose a threat to native taxa. Each taxonomic entry in the checklist is accompanied by an annotation which includes the locality and habitat in which each taxon occurs, frequence of occurrence, range extensions, rarity status, and pertinent synonyms.
Airborne Electromagnetic Methods

Airborne electromagnetic methods provide the means for carrying geophysical surveying rapidly over a large area to be explored. The first practical application of the airborne electromagnetic (AEM) method was made as early as in 1951. Since then, AEM can be credited with directly aiding in the discovery of hundreds mineral deposits. Many different frequency- and time-domain AEM systems have been developed over the last 75 years. The theoretical foundation of these methods is the same as has already been discussed for surface-based applications. In Chapter 16, we discuss AEM methods mainly in terms of the operational features peculiar to the use of aircraft. We consider the principles of a typical frequency domain airborne EM survey. We also describe a typical time domain airborne EM system which uses an alternating polarity half-sine or square-wave pulses to energize a large, vertical-axis transmitter loop, which is stretched over the wing tip to tail around the aircraft. The airborne platform enables collecting a huge amount of data about the electrical properties of the earth. However, interpreting the massive amounts of data gathered poses a significant challenge. To overcome these difficulties, we present the concept of 3-D AEM inversion with a moving sensitivity domain (MSD), which makes it possible to invert entire AEM surveys with no approximations into high resolution 3-D earth geoelectrical models. Chapter 16 is concluded with a description of the AEM methods based on measuring the field generated by a ground-based transmitter or natural magneto fields. An example of the later method is the z-axis tipper electromagnetic method or ZTEM.
Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), tomboyism, and temperament

Abstract This study examines the relationship between 2D:4D, a proxy for levels of prenatal testosterone, and rating oneself as a “tomboy” as well as the relationship between Fisher's hormone-based temperament factors and tomboyism. Salmon (2015) reported a relationship between female erotic fiction preferences and lower 2D:4D ratios in addition to a link between tomboyism and such preferences. The results of the current study indicate that lower 2D:4D ratios are associated with increasing tomboy scores and that tomboyism is associated with higher scores on the testosterone component of Fisher's temperament model as well as a marginal negative association with the estrogen/oxytocin factor. This lends support to Fisher's model as well as documenting the relationship between 2D:4D and tomboyism in a non-clinical population.
Cephalexin susceptibility breakpoint for veterinary isolates: Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute revision.

The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) uses cephalothin as the class representative for testing veterinary isolates for susceptibility to other first-generation cephalosporins, incl...
A Pediatric Patient with Idiopathic Short Stature Who Developed Obstructive Sleep Apnea after Starting Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy.

Background: Growth hormone (GH) therapy has long been suspected to induce obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children and adults. Moreover, reports about GH-associated sudden death in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have prompted concerns about GH worsening sleep apnea. Previous studies have supported routine polysomnography for children with PWS prior to starting GH treatments, regardless of clinical history. However, there are no established guidelines recommending routine polysomnography (PSG) prior to the commencement of GH therapy in other pediatric patients.Case description: We report a case of a 15-year-old young man with intractable headaches, referred to the sleep clinic to rule out any sleep-related variables. After an initial non-significant (mild snoring) sleep study, the patient returned with worsening snoring about one year after starting GH therapy for concerns of short stature.Results: A second polysomnogram revealed that his obstructive apnea-hypopnea index had risen dramatically from baseline. His symptoms resolved after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.Conclusion: This interesting case highlights the need for caution with any patient eligible for GH therapy. We recommend additional research to look in the development of definitive guidelines regarding the indications for polysomnography for patients with idiopathic short stature and non-significant initial sleep history—particularly before and during the administration of GH therapy.
Are Condorcet and minimax voting systems the best

For decades, the minimax voting system was well known to experts on voting systems, but was not widely considered to be one of the best systems. But in recent years, two important experts, Nicolaus Tideman and Andrew Myers, have both recognized minimax as one of the best systems. I agree with that. This paper presents my own reasons for preferring minimax. The paper explicitly discusses about 20 systems.
Weaving functional and non-functional attributes for dynamic Web service composition

Given the numerous, potentially reusable, Web services available on the Internet, search and composition techniques that efficiently discover viable services will be a strong requirement. A major challenge for dynamic Web service composition will be the ability to measure the quality or reliability of services that are delivered. In this paper, we present a solution for dynamic Web service composition that leverages non-functional attributes provided in the form of Service-Level Agreements (SLA’s). The objective of our work is to understand the most efficient algorithms for discovering and composing web services into capabilities with predictable quality. As such, we analyze different approaches to composition when web service composition routines must take into account functional and nonfunctional information. We present our algorithm, a prototype implementation, and experimental results obtained from the various approaches to “weaving” attributes (of different dimensions) as a part of the composition process.
Design of multivariable adaptive control systems without the need for parameter identification

Implicit model reference adaptive control algorithms for multi-input multi-output plants are reviewed, and the procedures for satisfying the constraints sufficient for stability are presented. Examples showing the applicability of the theory are discussed.
Convection of Hazardous Substances Through Rock Fractures and Faults

Groundwater contamination is one of the most severe technical problems of this century. Environmental cleanup is expensive, time-consuming, and of uncertain outcome in several cases.
Simulation of Atmospheric Pressure Non-Thermal Plasma Discharges for Surface Decontamination Applications

Numerical simulations are conducted to characterize atmospheric pressure plasma discharges for surface decontamination applications. A self consistent two-dimensional hybrid model is developed to simulate the atmospheric pressure radio frequency (RF) plasma discharges in helium-oxygen mixtures. Numerical simulations are carried out for the plasma generated between an annulus electrode configuration with gas flow in between the electrodes and a surface to be decontaminated in front of the plasma afterglow. Basic plasma properties such as electron number density, radical, ion and excited species number densities, gas temperature, electric field and electron temperature are studied. The simulations indicated the discharge to operate in the α mode at low power. In the α mode the discharge was found to be uniform and volume dominated. At high power the discharge was found to transition to γ mode, with peak ionic species near the electrode surfaces. The discharge was also found to constrict in the axial direction. In both the modes He2*, O, O2 (1Δg) and O3 were the dominant species in the after glow of the discharge. O, O2 (1Δg) and O3 are key species for surface decontamination. Peak gas temperature predictions indicate the discharge to be a non-thermal non-equilibrium discharge. However the peak temperature of the discharge while in the γ mode was ~150 K higher than that at the α mode.
The Restorative Power of Emotions in Child Protection Services

The paper examines the significance of our emotional life for validation, enrichment and guidance in everyday behavior. Child protection services (CPS) workers need to understand how emotions affect family dynamics and, in particular, parental behavior as a basis for their work with families. Moreover, in order for CPS workers to be aware of, and professionally responsive to, the importance of a family's emotions requires that they are comfortable with their own feelings. This means that they need to work in CPS agencies which recognize and support this practice orientation. The paper also addresses how the agency can influence CPS workers to become more knowledgeable and attuned to, not only the families' emotional lives, but also to their own.
High Spin Properties of Atomic Nuclei

The nucleus is one of nature’s most interesting quantal many-body systems. It concentrates into a single system many types of behaviour found individually in other systems but which, in nuclei, interact with one another. These interactions lead to new phenomena which may have no parallel in other systems. Because the nucleus is a finite quantum system, its behaviour at a phase change is very different from that of ordinary matter. The finiteness of the nucleus is also manifest in the influence that just one nucleon may have on determining the nuclear properties, particularly the nuclear shape. A main direction of nuclear physics has thus become understanding this quantal many-body system and its relationship to other such systems.
Oxygen Activation and Transfer

The cytochrome P-450-catalyzed insertion of an oxygen into a substrate culminates a process that reduces molecular oxygen to a species equivalent, in terms of formal electron count and reactivity, to an oxygen atom. The catalytic sequence for microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzymes, which has been reviewed previously,1–4 involves the following steps (Fig. 1): (1) binding of a substrate, (2) reduction of the two flavin prosthetic groups of cytochrome P-450 reductase by NADPH, (3) transfer of one of the two electrons thus made available to cytochrome P-450, (4) binding of molecular oxygen to give a ferrous cytochrome P-450—dioxygen complex, (5) transfer of a second electron from cytochrome P-450 reductase, or of an electron from cytochrome b 5, to the complex, (6) cleavage of the oxygen-oxygen bond with concurrent incorporation of the distal oxygen atom into a molecule of water, (7) transfer of the second oxygen atom to the substrate, and (8) dissociation of the product. The catalytic cycle for mitochondrial cytochrome P-450 enzymes differs in that the transfer of electrons from cytochrome P-450 reductase to the hemeprotein is mediated by adrenodoxin, an iron—sulfur protein (see Chapter 12). The steps in the catalytic sequence in which bonds to oxygen are made or broken are addressed in this chapter. The substrate-binding step is discussed in Chapter 3, however, and the electron transfer steps in Chapters 4, 5, 11, and 12.
The similar rates of occurrence of consonants across the world's languages: A quantitative analysis of phonetically transcribed word lists

Abstract Via an analysis of nearly 7000 phonetically transcribed word lists representing every major linguistic family, this study examines the frequency with which languages use particular consonants. The results suggest that there is an underlying global similarity in the frequency of occurrence of these consonants. Some consonants are uncommon across the word lists, and do not occur frequently even in those languages in which they are used. In contrast, a few other consonants represent a large portion of sounds in the word lists, across regions and linguistic families. The analysis quantifies the pervasiveness of such sounds that are known to be, impressionistically, common in speech. A new method captures the overall similarity of consonants’ rates of occurrence across languages and families. This method offers one means of evaluating the extent to which individual languages or families deviate from, or adhere to, the typical patterns of consonant usage. It is suggested that the crosslinguistic similarity of consonant usage, in terms of rates of occurrence in word lists, likely owes itself to previously documented factors like the relative ease of articulation of some sounds. This new evidence suggests that the role of ease of articulation in shaping speech may be more influential than generally assumed, though other explanatory factors are also likely at work and these patterns require further exploration with more robust intralinguistic phonetic corpora.
Gender Differences in Depression Literacy and Stigma After a Randomized Controlled Evaluation of a Universal Depression Education Program.

Abstract Purpose Depression is a debilitating illness with frequent onset during adolescence. Depression affects women more often than men; men are more likely to complete suicide and less likely to seek treatment. The Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP) is a school-based depression intervention that educates adolescents about depression symptoms and addresses accompanying stigma. The study aims examined gender differences in the ADAP's impact on depression literacy and stigma. Methods Data came from a randomized trial (2012–2015). Six thousand six hundred seventy-nine students from 54 schools in several states were matched into pairs and randomized to the intervention or wait-list control. Teachers delivered the ADAP as part of the health curriculum. Depression literacy and stigma outcomes were measured before intervention, 6 weeks later, and at 4 months. Multilevel models evaluated whether gender moderated the effect of ADAP on depression literacy and stigma. Results At 4 months, there was a main effect of the ADAP on depression literacy (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3, p = .001) with intervention students achieving depression literacy at higher rates than controls. Gender exhibited a main effect, with women showing greater rates of depression literacy than men (OR = 1.51, p = .001). There was no significant intervention × gender interaction. The ADAP did not exhibit a significant main effect on stigma. There was a main effect for gender, with women demonstrating less stigma than men (OR = .65, p = .001). There was no significant interaction between the intervention and gender on stigma. Conclusions The ADAP demonstrates effectiveness for increasing rates of depression literacy among high school students. In this study, gender was not associated with ADAP's effectiveness.
Proceedings of the 14th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation

It is my pleasure to welcome you to Philadelphia for the 2012 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2012). This is the first time GECCO has been held in Philly. We very much you hope you enjoy this historic American city and all it has to offer. This will be my 14th year attending GECCO. I have contributed a number of papers and have enjoyed many thought-provoking presentations over the years. GECCO has played a very important role in my research program and in the training of many of my students and postdocs. I agreed to serve as General Chair of GECCO-2012 because it was time to give back to the community I have enjoyed being a part of since 1999. Terence Soule served as the editor-in-chief this year and did a very skillful job maintaining the high quality of the conference. GECCO-2012 accepted 172 full papers for oral presentation out of a total of 467 submitted. This is an acceptance rate of less than 37%. I am very thankful to Terry, Anne Auger, our Proceedings Chair, and all the track chairs for their hard work managing the review, selection and scheduling process for the scientific papers. One of the highlights of every GECCO is the free tutorials and the free workshops held during the first two days of the conference. I found these to be incredibly helpful when I was still learning about the field.
Sleep, Immunity, and Stress: Novel Insights From Drosophila

Abstract One of the proposed functions of sleep is to maintain a robust immune response. Although early investigators had proposed a link between the sleep homeostatic and immune systems, evidence supporting this hypothesis did not emerge until the mid-20th century with the discovery of a sleep-promoting substance of bacterial origin. This chapter briefly outlines the history of sleep research that led up to this finding and the subsequent studies in mammalian species that led to an understanding of how activation of the immune response signals for sleep. However, how sleep reciprocally influences immune function has been more difficult to discern. The characterization of sleep in the Drosophila genetic model has not only facilitated studies that have provided evidence for a beneficial role of sleep in survival of infection but also enabled the discovery of novel molecular components that contribute to this process.
Impact of uncertainties in range and RBE on small field proton therapy.

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the clinical impact of biological uncertainties in small field proton therapy due to the assumption of using a constant relative biological effectiveness (RBE) value of 1.1 (RBE-fixed) compared to a variable RBE (RBE-weighted). In this context the impact of the applied range margin was investigated. Eight patients with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) treated with proton radiosurgery were selected due to the small target volume. Dose distributions were compared for RBE-weighted and RBE-fixed. The impact of RBE was assessed using Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculations for stereotactic doses and doses of 2 Gy(RBE). Four different α/β ratios were investigated. Additionally, dose distributions were recalculated with reduced range margins. Applying variable RBE values for stereotactic doses resulted in an increase in the mean dose of 1.6% for a low α/β of 2 Gy, but a decrease of 2.6% for an α/β of 10 Gy. However, the mean dose increased to 17.1% and 2.1% for doses of 2 Gy(RBE) and α/β of 2 Gy and 10 Gy, respectively. Reducing range margins from 3.5% + 1 mm to 2.5% + 1 mm resulted in negligible difference in the mean RBE within the target, or 0.1% for stereotactic doses and 0.3% for doses of 2 Gy(RBE). Larger differences were seen for a range reduction to 0% + 1 mm, i.e. 1.1% and 3.0% for stereotactic doses and doses of 2 Gy(RBE), respectively. Because potential RBE effects are typically more pronounced in the distal part of a field, a bigger clinical impact of RBE uncertainties in small fields is expected. Our study shows that this could be significant for tissues with low α/β and a small dose per fraction. The uncertainty in RBE due to the uncertainty associated with the α/β ratio seems larger than the impact of the applied range uncertainty margin on RBE.
How to debate a border: supporting infrastructure publics through communication system design

While crucial infrastructures in the United States and similar countries are increasingly in conditions of crisis and decay, people living in these countries often lack a shared understanding of these systems from which to imagine the kind of radical change that theorists such as Lauren Berlant have argued is needed. As recent political controversies make clear, this lack of shared understanding extends to national infrastructures such as borders and points of entry. However, like all infrastructures, these are complex sociotechnical objects that challenge simple understanding. Collectively debating future infrastructure is complex and feels, in the present moment, insurmountable. At the same time, reimagining these systems for more equitable futures is crucial.Drawing on theories from a range of fields including anthropology and design, this paper considers the communication systems that might support broad groups with the shared understandings needed to debate the futures of infrastructures. It first describes a series of events in early 2017 related to the increased search and seizure of personal electronic devices at United States airports. It then analyzes the online comments left in response to articles about these events, arguing that the comments demonstrate both the tracing of existing infrastructures and the imagining of new infrastructures. Implications from this analysis include the potential of including speculation as a value that could be formally recognized by evaluation systems and the need to carefully consider how expert knowledge about present infrastructures is communicated alongside more future-oriented commentary.
Contrasting the decision making of mothers of children with developmental disabilities with those of typically developing children

Date Presented 04/05/19 This paper compares the findings from two grounded theory studies examining how mothers of typically developing children and mothers of children with developmental disabilities make everyday parenting decisions. This knowledge base can equip OTs to deliver competent family-centered pediatric OT services. Primary Author and Speaker: Chetna Sethi
The Best Way to Reconcile Your Past Is Exponentially

Let f:R→R be a continuous function for which we want to take local averages. Assuming we cannot look into the future, a commonly encountered problem is that the “average” g(t) at time t can only us...
Designing a Profiling and Visualization Tool for Scalable and In-depth Analysis of High-Performance GPU Clusters

The recent advent of advanced fabrics like NVIDIA NVLink is enabling the deployment of dense Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) systems, e.g., DGX-2 and Summit. The Message Passing Interface (MPI) has been the dominant programming model to design distributed applications on such clusters. The MPI Tools Interface (MPI_T) provides an opportunity for performance tools and external software to introspect and understand MPI runtime behavior at a deeper level to detect performance and scalability issues. However, the lack of low-overhead and scalable monitoring tools have thus far prevented a comprehensive study of efficiency and utilization of high-performance interconnects such as NVLinks on high-performance GPU-enabled clusters. In this paper, we address this deficiency by proposing and designing an in-depth, real-time analysis, profiling, and visualization tool for high-performance GPU-enabled clusters with NVLinks. The proposed tool builds on the top of the OSU InfiniBand Network Analysis and Monitoring Tool (INAM). It provides insights into the efficiency of different communication patterns by examining the utilization of underlying GPU interconnects. The contributions of the proposed tool are two-fold: 1) domain scientists and system administrators can understand how applications and runtime libraries interact with underlying high-performance interconnects, and 2)Proposed tool enables designers of high-performance communication libraries to gain low-level knowledge to optimize existing designs and develop new algorithms to optimally utilize cutting-edge interconnects on GPU clusters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such tool which is capable of presenting a unified and holistic view of MPI-level and fabric level information for emerging NVLink-enabled high-performance GPU clusters.
Statistical Methods for the Forensic Analysis of Geolocated Event Data

Abstract A common question in forensic analysis is whether two observed data sets originated from the same source or from different sources. Statistical approaches to addressing this question have been widely adopted within the forensics community, particularly for DNA evidence. Here we investigate the application of statistical approaches to same-source forensic questions for spatial event data, such as determining the likelihood that two sets of observed GPS locations were generated by the same individual. We develop two approaches to quantify the strength of evidence in this setting. The first is a likelihood ratio approach based on modeling the spatial event data directly. The second approach is to instead measure the similarity of the two observed data sets via a score function and then assess the strength of the observed score resulting in the score-based likelihood ratio. A comparative evaluation using geolocated Twitter event data from two large metropolitan areas shows the potential efficacy of such techniques.
Landscape features predict the current and forecast the future geographic spread of Lyme disease.

Lyme disease, the most prevalent vector-borne disease in North America, is increasing in incidence and geographic distribution as the tick vector, Ixodes scapularis, spreads to new regions. We re-construct the spatial-temporal invasion of the tick and human disease in the Midwestern US, a major focus of Lyme disease transmission, from 1967 to 2018, to analyse the influence of spatial factors on the geographic spread. A regression model indicates that three spatial factors-proximity to a previously invaded county, forest cover and adjacency to a river-collectively predict tick occurrence. Validation of the predictive capability of this model correctly predicts counties invaded or uninvaded with 90.6% and 98.5% accuracy, respectively. Reported incidence increases in counties after the first report of the tick; based on this modelled relationship, we identify 31 counties where we suspect I. scapularis already occurs yet remains undetected. Finally, we apply the model to forecast tick establishment by 2021 and predict 42 additional counties where I. scapularis will probably be detected based upon historical drivers of geographic spread. Our findings leverage resources dedicated to tick and human disease reporting and provide the opportunity to take proactive steps (e.g. educational efforts) to prevent and limit transmission in areas of future geographic spread.
Facing White Privilege Head-On.

Edited by Jacquelyn H. Flaskerud, RN, PhD, FAAN School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA Janna Lesser, RN PhD, FAAN School of Nursing, University of Te...
The disconnected couple: intimate relationships in the context of social isolation.

Abstract Partners in intimate relationships, because they have each other to rely on, have generally been considered safe from the negative consequences of social isolation. Here, we question this assumption, suggesting instead that social isolation may pose a threat to couples by depriving them of the tangible and emotional support that couples are likely to need, especially when confronted by stress. After briefly reviewing theoretical frameworks relevant to this idea, this article summarizes existing research documenting (1) associations between network ties and relationship outcomes, (2) mediators of these associations, for example, support and approval, and (3) moderators of these associations, for example, relationship qualities and cultural differences. We conclude by describing a research agenda to address methodological limitations in existing research and the policy implications of this line of work.
The Use of Alveolar Dead Space Fraction to Predict Postoperative Outcomes after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) that have surgical repair with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) reflect a unique population with multiple pulmonary and systemic factors that may contribute to increased alveolar dead space and low cardiac output syndrome. This study aimed to assess and compare changes in the alveolar dead space fraction (AVDSf) in the immediate postoperative period with outcomes in children with CHD who underwent repair on CPB. A single-center retrospective review study of critically ill children with CHD, younger than 18 years of age admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) after undergoing surgical repair on CPB and received invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 24 h. One hundred and two patients were included in the study. Over the first 24 h, mean AVDSf was significantly higher in patients who had longer hospital length of stay (LOS) (> 21 days) p = 0.02, and longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (DMV) (> 170 h) p = 0.01. Cross-sectional analyses at 23–24 h revealed that AVDSf > 0.25 predicts mortality and DMV (p = 0.03 and P = 0.02 respectively); however, it did not predict prolonged hospital LOS. For every 0.1 increase in the AVDSf, the odds of mortality, DMV, and hospital LOS increased by 4.9 [95% CI = 1.45–16.60, p = 0.002], 2.06 [95% CI = 1.14–3.71, p = 0.01], and 1.43[95% CI = 0.84–2.45, p = 0.184], respectively. The area under the ROC curve at 23–24 h for AVDSf was 0.868 to predict mortality as an outcome. AVDSf > 0.25 at 23–24 h postoperatively was an independent predictor of mortality with sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 80%, respectively and was superior to other commonly used surrogates of cardiac output. In the immediate postoperative period of pediatric patients with CHD, high AVDSf is associated with longer hospital length of stay and duration of invasive mechanical ventilation. Increased AVDSf values at 23–24 h postoperatively is associated with mortality in patients with CHD exposed to CPB.
Investor Reactions to Minority CEO Appointments: The Intersection of Race-Ethnicity and Gender

Despite growing attention to the disadvantages experienced by racial-ethnic minorities in society, there is limited understanding of how race-ethnicity affects strategic leaders. We develop theory ...
Expanding the analysis of mechanisms of action in behavioral interventions: cognitive change versus cognitive activation.

To understand the mechanisms of action underlying behavioral interventions, researchers typically examine whether the treatment changes cognitions and whether changes in cognition predict behavior ...