cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Diverticular disease of the colon in the younger age group.

Twenty-three patients, 45 years of age or less, were studied with special reference to recurrent attacks of diverticulitis. The virulent course of diverticulitis in these patients was revealed by an operative rate of 61 per cent. Surgery was necessary for complications in 46.6 per cent subsequent to the first and only attack of diverticulitis. Nine patients had primary resections of the colon with no mortality. Staged procedures prolonged the period of recovery; an average of 50.5 days’ hospitalization was required in these cases. Diverticulitis in young persons is a progressive disease. This possibility can be eliminated by prophylactic resection, as shown in the case of the 45-year-old man with an eight-year history of severe morbidity.
Dynamic Systems Modeling of Cortisol Stress Response

This paper presents preliminary results for using dynamic systems models to describe cortisol responses to stressful events. Linear, single-input single-output discrete-time models are used. Choices that must be made regarding interpolation and input modeling are discussed in some detail. Results are presented that indicate an impulse model for the stressful input gives a better fit than no input, and that logarithmic transformation of the data before model fitting gives no better results than using the raw data. The issue of stability of the resulting models is discussed. In addition, the paper discusses how the resulting dynamic systems models can be used for statistical analysis, as well as for predicting future stress responses.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Homogeneous linewidth temperature dependence of interfacial GaAs quantum dots studied with optical 2D Fourier-transform spectroscopy

Optical 2D Fourier-transform spectroscopy extracts the temperature-dependent homogeneous lineshape of an ensemble of interfacial quantum dots. The asymmetric lineshape reveals that confinement and excitation-induced dephasing compete with strong exciton-phonon interactions, which dominate at higher temperature.
The Europhile Fringe? Regionalist Party Support for European Integration

The relationship between European integration and regionalist parties is still a largely unexplored area of research. In this paper, I evaluate whether regionalist parties perceive the European Uni...
Importance of source and drain resistance to the maximum f/sub T/ of millimeter-wave MODFETs

The usual approximate expression for measured f/sub T/=(g/sub m//2 pi (C/sub gs/+C/sub gd/)) is inadequate. At low drain voltages just beyond the knee of the DC I-V curves, where intrinsic f/sub t/ is a maximum for millimeter-wave MODFETs, the high values of C/sub gd/ and G/sub ds/ combine with the high g/sub m/ to make terms involving the source and drain resistance significant. It is shown that these resistances can degrade the measured f/sub T/ of a 0.30- mu m GaAs-AlGaAs MODFET from an intrinsic maximum f/sub T/ value of 73 GHz to a measured maximum value of 59 GHz. The correct extraction of maximum f/sub T/ is essential for determining electron velocity and optimizing low-noise performance. >
Diel vertical migration of adult Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus in Alaska

The diel vertical migration (DVM) of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus was examined using depth and temperature data from 250 recaptured archival tags deployed on G. macrocephalus in the eastern Bering Sea and in the Gulf of Alaska near Kodiak Island. DVM of two types, deeper during daytime (type I) and deeper during night-time (type II), occurred frequently (15-40% of all days) in G. macrocephalus released at all sites. Most individuals displayed both diel types, with each type of behaviour lasting up to 58 contiguous days, and day and night depth differences averaging c. 8 m. Despite high among-individual variability, the occurrence of DVM varied significantly with the release site, season (i.e. day-of-year) and bottom depth, with the trend in seasonal occurrence nearly opposite for type I compared to type II DVM. No significance could be attributed to G. macrocephalus fork length, sex or ambient (tag) temperature. Trends in the magnitude of G. macrocephalus depth change were observed, with increased movement often occurring during night-time, dawn and dusk, and at release sites where the bathymetry was more complex. Both type I and type II DVMs were attributed to foraging on prey species that also undergo DVM, and increased vertical movements of G. macrocephalus during crepuscular and night-time periods were attributed to more active foraging during dim-light conditions when G. macrocephalus can potentially exploit a sensory advantage over some of their prey.
The threat of piracy on maritime transportation

Recent acts of piracy in and about the Gulf of Aden undermine the safe passage of crude oil critical to global economies, serving as a force majeure for logistics service providers and supply chain managers to address this menace. In contrast to the raft of diplomatic and military responses to date, this note considers hitherto unexplored approaches to bypass threats of maritime piracy by considering a transportation triumvirate of cost efficiency, intact delivery of cargo and human safety. A review of the literature is followed with an outline of the costs associated with maritime piracy on vessel and crew and concludes with methods to approach the maritime piracy problem based on risk and game theory to consider alternative routes, offering vessel, crew and cargo safety and delivery security guarantees as a result of balancing financial returns against least adverse effects by focusing on delivery assurance in lieu of delivery costs.
THE IMPORTANCE OF METAPHYSICAL REALISM FOR ETHICAL KNOWLEDGE

In this essay, I consider whether the alleged demise of metaphysical realism does actually provide a better way for defending the cognitive status of ethical judgments. I argue that the rejection of a realist ontology and epistemology does not help to establish the claim that ethical knowledge is possible. More specifically, I argue that Hilary Putnam's argument does not succeed in making a case for ethical knowledge. In fact, his account of the procedures by which our valuations are warranted—the criteria of idealized inquiry—ultimately begs the question in a number of crucial ways. Moreover, it prejudices the moral and political discussion in certain ideological respects. Finally, though Putnam has apparently modified to some extent his approach to the issue of realism in recent years, I will point out that these modifications are not fundamental and do not help to advance the case for ethical knowledge. I note also that Martha C. Nussbaum's appeal to Putnam’s argument actually works against her attempt to make a case for an Aristotelian conception of human flourishing. Ultimately, I conclude that metaphysical realism is vital for ethical knowledge.
Colon cancer : personality factors predictive of onset and stage of presentation

This study examined premorbid personality correlates of colon cancer and stage of presentation of colon cancer to health care providers. Sixty-one male veterans who completed the MMPI between 1947 and 1975 and were then diagnosed with colon cancer between 1977 and 1988 were matched with control patients. A 21-factor solution of the MMPI [1] was used to seek potential personality differences between colon cancer cases and their controls in terms of presence of colon cancer and stage of presentation for this disease. A stepwise conditional regression analysis found significant differences between the colon cancer and control groups on the Aggressive Hostility variable (p < 0.018). A multivariate analysis of variance conducted across the stages of colon cancer presentation found that patients who presented later on for colon cancer had higher Phobia scores (p < 0.05). Religious Fundamentalism was also related to presentation (p < 0.05), but in a nonlinear manner. Discussion is related to previous findings regarding the relationship between personality and development of cancer, as well as to implications for patient screening.
Full-Cycle Micro-Organizational Behavior Research

We advocate a full-cycle approach to conducting organizational behavior research. Full-cycle research begins with the observation of naturally occurring phenomena and proceeds by traveling back and forth between observation and manipulation-based research settings, establishing the power, generality, and conceptual underpinnings of the phenomenon along the way. Compared with more traditional approaches, full-cycle research offers several advantages, such as specifying theoretical models, considering actual and ideal conditions, and promoting interdisciplinary integration. To illustrate these advantages, we provide examples of an implicit approach to conducting full-cycle research and present suggestions for fostering more explicit full-cycle research programs in the future. We encourage individual researchers to adopt this approach rather than to assume the field will naturally avoid the inevitable vulnerabilities that emerge from relying on particular methodological approaches. We conclude by discussing the relevant constraints and opportunities for engaging in full-cycle organizational research.
Origins of Penile Ulcerations

Genital ulcerations have diverse origins; therefore the definitive diagnosis requires a combination of clinical skill and appropriate microbiologic and serologic tests. A small percentage of penile ulcers are due to fixed drug reactions, aphthous ulcers, malignancies, scabies, candidiasis, and primary cutaneous gonococcal infections. An estimated 10%-15% of penile ulcers are of traumatic origin and at least one-half of these are complicated by infection with pyogenic bacteria. Most penile ulcerations are produced by recognized genital pathogens. The prevalence of specific pathogens varies by population and geographic location, but evidence suggests that in many areas herpes simplex virus accounts for over one-half of all penile ulcers. Treponema pallidum is a frequent cause of penile ulcers in certain populations and chancroid is a common clinical diagnosis, particularly in the Far East. However, the failure to confirm the presence of Haemophilus ducreyi by culture and the failure to exclude other pathoge...
Should Small Sliding Hiatal Hernias Be Reported at CT Colonography

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to determine whether colonic distention at CT colonography (CTC) induces small incidental sliding hiatal hernias.MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study evaluated for the presence and, if present, the size (small, moderate, or large) of sliding (type 1) hiatal hernias in 3126 consecutive asymptomatic adults (mean age ± SD, 57.0 ± 7.4 years) undergoing screening CTC. Colonic distention was achieved with automated continuous CO2 delivery. As an internal control, standard CT studies (i.e., without colonography technique) were available for comparison in 123 individuals with a hernia present at CTC. In addition, the prevalence of hiatal hernia was assessed in an external control group of 488 adults (mean age, 60.8 years) undergoing abdominal CT without colonic distention. The Fisher exact test was used to test for statistical significance.RESULTS. Hiatal hernias were present in 47.8% (1495/3126) of adults at screening CTC (86% small, 13% moderate, 1% large). Abdominal CT of...
Lateralized Priming in a Levels of Processing Task

This study investigated the effect of divided visual field presentation of stimuli upon a levels of processing memory task. Subjects (N=15) were asked questions designed to prompt processing at orthographic, phonemic, syntactic or semantic levels. Results indicated no main effect when the prime was semantically related to the target or for visual field of presentation of the prime. However, an interaction was observed such that significantly improved recall obtained with right visual field prime presentation when subjects were first prompted with questions about semantic category information. Further analysis suggested that the increased recall was due to semantically-related prime words which had been presented to the right visual field. Implications for lateralized styles of processing within a levels of processing framework are discussed.
Comparison of discrete ratios by rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

Perceiving and comparing ratios are crucial skills for humans. Little is known about whether other animals can compare ratios. We trained two rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) to choose arrays that contained the greater ratio of positive to negative stimuli, regardless of the absolute number of stimuli in each of the two choice arrays. Subjects learned this task, and their performance generalized to novel ratios. Moreover, performance was modulated by the ratio between ratios; subjects responded more quickly and accurately when the ratio between ratios was higher. Control conditions ruled out the possibility that subjects were relying on surface area, although the ratio between ratios of surface area did seem to influence their choices. Our results demonstrate that rhesus monkeys can compare discrete ratios, demonstrating not only proportional reasoning ability but also the ability to reason about relations between relations.
Software That Engages Young Children with Disabilities A Study of Design Features

Teachers of young children with disabilities are being exposed to computer technologies more and more frequently, yet many basic questions about their effectiveness remain unanswered. A recent study examined software features that are typically used in commercially available programs. Using a series of alternating treatment design experiments, individual features were compared for their effect on engagement, affect, and choice. Data from 48 experiments suggest that children prefer programs with higher interaction requirements, and those that use animation, sound, and voice features.
Hydrophilic Zeolite Coatings for Improved Heat Transfer: A Quantitative Analysis

The wetting diameter and life time of a water droplet on the surface of a bare, ZSM-5 coated, and Zeolite-A coated stainless steel 304 substrate at different initial surface temperatures was experimentally studied. ZSM-5 and Zeolite-A coated SS-304 are more much more hydrophilic than bare stainless steel 304 as reflected by their contact angles (27° and 0° vs. 90°). The ZSM-5 and Zeolite-A coatings significantly outperformed the bare SS-304 by decreasing the droplet life time, increasing the heat flux and increasing the heat transfer coefficient at all initial surface temperatures studied. At the highest surface temperature studied, T0 = 200°C, ZSM-5, and Zeolite-A coatings are shown to increase the maximum heat flux on bare SS-304 by as much as 106% and 72%, respectively. At this temperature, the maximum heat transfer coefficients on ZSM-5 and Zeolite-A coatings are improved by 470% and 530% over the bare SS-304, respectively. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Robust resource adequacy planning in the face of coal retirements

Abstract We investigate the resource adequacy requirements of the PJM Interconnection, and the sensitivity of capacity procurement decisions to the choice of reliability metric used to measure resource adequacy. Assuming that plants fail independently, we find that PJM's 2010 reserve margin of 20.5% was sufficient to achieve the stated reliability standard of one loss of load event per ten years, with 0.012 expected loss of load events per year. PJM could reduce reserve margins to 13% and still achieve adequate levels of reliability as measured by the 2.4 Loss of Load Hours metric and the 0.001% Unserved Energy metric, which are used by other U.S. and international systems. A reserve margin of 13–15% would minimize long-run system costs. Reducing reserve margins from 20.5% to 13% in 2010 would have reduced PJM's capacity procurement by 11 GW, the same amount of coal capacity that PJM has identified as at high risk of retirement. We also investigate the risk posed by correlated failures among generators, a risk traditionally not modeled by system planners. We illustrate that three types of correlated failures may increase outage risks: natural gas supply disruptions, reduced reliability among generators during winter months, and the simultaneous shutdown of multiple nuclear generators for regulatory reasons.
Acrolein Inhalation Alters Myocardial Synchrony and Performance at and Below Exposure Concentrations that Cause Ventilatory Responses

Acrolein is an irritating aldehyde generated during combustion of organic compounds. Altered autonomic activity has been documented following acrolein inhalation, possibly impacting myocardial synchrony and function. Given the ubiquitous nature of acrolein in the environment, we sought to better define the immediate and delayed functional cardiac effects of acrolein inhalation in vivo. We hypothesized that acrolein inhalation would increase markers of cardiac mechanical dysfunction, i.e., myocardial dyssynchrony and performance index in mice. Male C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to filtered air (FA) or acrolein (0.3 or 3.0 ppm) for 3 h in whole-body plethysmography chambers (n = 6). Echocardiographic analyses were performed 1 day before exposure and at 1 and 24 h post-exposure. Speckle tracking echocardiography revealed that circumferential strain delay (i.e., dyssynchrony) was increased at 1 and 24 h following exposure to 3.0 ppm, but not 0.3 ppm, when compared to pre-exposure and/or FA exposure. Pulsed wave Doppler of transmitral blood flow revealed that acrolein exposure at 0.3 ppm, but not 3.0 ppm, increased the Tei index of myocardial performance (i.e., decreased global heart performance) at 1 and 24 h post-exposure compared to pre-exposure and/or FA exposure. We conclude that short-term inhalation of acrolein can acutely modify cardiac function in vivo and that echocardiographic evaluation of myocardial synchrony and performance following exposure to other inhaled pollutants could provide broader insight into the health effects of air pollution.
Hot zero power reactor calculations using the Insilico code

In this paper we describe the reactor physics simulation capabilities of the Insilico code. A description of the various capabilities of the code is provided, including detailed discussion of the geometry, meshing, cross section processing, and neutron transport options. Numerical results demonstrate that Insilico using an SPN solver with pin-homogenized cross section generation is capable of delivering highly accurate full-core simulation of various pressurized water reactor problems. Comparison to both Monte Carlo calculations and measured plant data is provided.
PRTR: its significance and future in Japan

The law on specific chemical pollutants release and transfer register, which EA and MITI have jurisdiction over, will be effective soon. The law asks each business unit to monitor the release of the specific chemicals into environment, make information on their physical properties and handling procedures public, and to improve its voluntary control of them. The release of the specific chemicals will be registered across the country, and be open to the public. The law will be enacted in June, and will be effective on April, 2000.
Mass administration for intestinal helminth infection in primary and secondary school students in Jimo City

The infection rate of intestinal helminth in school children after administration of Compound-Albendazole tablet decreases notably.The suggestions on controlling intestinal helminth infection is that mass administration twice every year and carry out health education irregular.
Discussion about Strategies for Management and Protection of Wild Mushroom Resources in Chuxiong Prefecture

Chuxiong prefecture is located in central Yunnan province,with very good natural conditions and rich undergrowth resources especially wild mushroom.Influenced by the unclear ownership of these resources,out-of-order and pillaged utilization seriously damage the wild mushroom resources.Aiming at the problems existed in management of wild mushroom,through a series of ecological technologies such as manage the forestland by signing up contract,apply relevant rules and regulations for harvesting,combining the requirements for industrialized development,the ideas and measures for sustainable management of wild edible mushroom of Chuxiong prefecture including completing the policies and laws,strengthening the resource management,normalizing the management and protection of forestland were proposed.
Accurate phase-level cross-platform power and performance estimation

Fast and accurate performance and power prediction is a key challenge in co-development of hardware and software. Traditional analytical or simulation-based approaches are often too inaccurate or slow. In this work, we propose LACross, a novel learning-based, analytical cross-platform prediction framework that provides fast and accurate estimation of time-varying software performance and power consumption on a target hardware platform. We employ a fine-grained phase-based approach, where the learning algorithm synthesizes analytical proxy models that predict the performance and power of the workload in each program phase from performance statistics obtained through hardware counter measurements on the host. Our learning approach relies on a one-time training phase using a target reference model or real hardware. We applied our approach to 35 benchmarks from SPEC 2006, SD-VBS and MiBench. Results show on average over 97% prediction accuracy for predicting both fine-grain performance and power traces at speeds of over 500 MIPS.
Structural Robustness Confers Evolvability in Proteins

Theory suggests that biological robustness allows for the maintenance of fitness in the face of mutational change, and to the extent that this mutational change translates to heritable phenotypic change, that biological robustness allows for evolvability. However, empirical demonstrations that robustness promotes evolvability remain scant. This is in part due to the difficulty of defining and measuring both evolvability and robustness in real biological systems. Here we test whether protein structural robustness is associated with the extent of adaptive change a protein experiences. We find this to be the case for two forms of protein robustness—designability and modularity, which we measure via contact density and helix/sheet density, respectively. We interpret this association to be primarily the result of reduced constraints on amino acid substitutions in highly designable and/or modular proteins, resulting in less antagonistic pleiotropy and faster adaptation through natural selection.
Reciprocal influences among family processes and toddlers’ sleep problems.

The current study examined bidirectional relations between children's sleep problems and parents' relationship satisfaction, coparental cooperation, and global family functioning in a sample of 249 families with 2-3-year-old children. Mothers and fathers were assessed across 5 waves with 2-month lags; the target children (53% female) were 2.8 years old (SD = .62) at baseline. Results of lagged path analyses indicated that children's sleep problems were reciprocally related to lower relationship satisfaction for mothers after accounting for covariates; however, for fathers, only relationship satisfaction predicted residual decreases in children's sleep problems 2 months later. Coparental cooperation also demonstrated reciprocal predictive links with fewer children's sleep problems in mothers; no such effect was found for fathers. Finally, for fathers, family functioning predicted residual decreases in children's sleep problems 2 months later across the 5 waves of the study. Findings build on a growing body of literature addressing reciprocal links between toddlers' sleep problems and adaptive family processes and highlight the importance of examining children's sleep within the context of the larger family system. (PsycINFO Database Record
Revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the lateral third of the ipsilateral patellar tendon after failure of a central-third graft: a preliminary report on 10 patients.

Long-term outcomes were reported for 10 (77%) of 13 cases of revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using the lateral third of the ipsilateral patellar tendon as a graft. All primary ACL reconstructions were ipsilateral central-third bone-patellar tendon-bone graft procedures. Mean age at follow-up was 30.7 years, and mean time from revision ACL surgery to follow-up was 42.9 months. At follow-up, average KT-1000 difference between knees was 2.4 mm. All patients had a negative pivot shift, extension within 5 degrees of the contralateral knee, and flexion within 15 degrees. Mean bilateral comparison ratios for isokinetic strength and hop testing were: extension, 83.5%; flexion, 96%; and single-leg hop 96.9%. No patella fractures or tendon ruptures had occurred. All patients had returned to their previous work level, and 8 of the 10 patients could participate in at least "moderate" sports activities (e.g., skiing and tennis). The results were comparable to published outcome reports for both primary and revision ACL reconstruction. The lateral third of the ipsilateral patellar tendon is a good graft option for revision ACL reconstruction.
Beginning Curriculum Integration: Three Middle Level Case Studies in Professional Development

AbstractThe study focused on three middle level schools and their efforts toward curriculum integration. Particular attention was devoted to the processes of professional development which were most effective and contributed most productively to curricular change in the three settings.The study was conducted during the course of two years, during which each school began curriculum integration efforts with grade level teams of teachers. The researcher served as a consultant hired by the administration at each school during this work and was therefore a participant-observer in the research. Data was collected for the research from the researcher's journals, minutes of sessions held with teachers, teachers' writings concerning the process, videotapes of teacher/consultant sessions, and curriculum materials gathered.The research revealed four elements which impact upon successful professional development and curricular change: (a) the degree of understanding of teachers' context for their work, with particula...
Huygens Hath Donne

Huygens’ translation into Dutch of nineteen poems by John Donne was his chief service as link between the literatures of England and his country. The translations were purely a literary labor of love. Huygens chose to translate Donne, whom he had met on his third journey to England, because he recognized in the man’s work an especial brilliance which might, if it could be communicated to Dutch literature, to some extent change the color of Dutch poetry.
Total Agenesis of the Internal Carotid Artery

Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery is extremely rare. Angiographic demonstrations of three cases of unilateral total agenesis and one case of bilateral total agenesis of the internal carotid artery are reported. Hypocycloidal tomography confirmed the absence of the appropriate carotid canals. A brief description of the embryology of the internal carotid artery is given.
The monuments of Kings Cross : a visit to the new ruins of London

In his 1967 photo essay “The monuments of Passaic” the American land artist Robert Smithson presented a New York suburb as a seedbed of urban entropy. His research methods, publication strategies a...
The Ethnic Problems of Israel

(1979). THE ETHNIC PROBLEMS OF ISRAEL: Yochanan Peres. Ethnic Relations in Israel. Journal of Palestine Studies: Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 113-115.
Decoding Acute Myocardial Infarction among Patients on Dialysis.

The prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among patients on dialysis, specifically those with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), has increased dramatically over the past 15 years.[1][1] Given that approximately 30% of hospitalizations and nearly 50% of deaths in patients on
Timing of Definitive Reconstructive Surgery of Abdominal Wall Defects in Patients with Enterocutaneous Fistulas

Complex abdominal wall defects in the setting of enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs) or enteroatmospheric fistulas (EAFs) remains one of the most dreaded complications in the field of general surgery. Despite all advances achieved in last few decades, management of ECFs with associated abdominal wall defects remains a major challenge. In particular, it is not entirely clear the timing of when the definitive reconstruction of abdominal defects in patients with concomitant fistulas should be performed. Our experience in the management of complex abdominal wall defects with ECFs and/or EAFs, along with a review of the literature, is presented in this chapter. Additionally, the timing of surgery and factors that influence such complicated decisions will be reviewed in more detail.
Adaptive Control of Pharmacokinetic-Based Drug Infusion With Measurement Delay

Abstract Conventional, open loop infusion protocols often result in sub-therapeutic or toxic levels of drug in the blood. Even sophisticated pharmacokinetic-based infusions may be unsatisfactory due to interpatient parameter variability. We investigate the utility of adaptive parameter estimation in feedback control of pharmacokinetic-based drug infusions. The problem we consider is characterized by a measurement delay, which necessitates the construction of current states based on the delayed measurements and input history. Simulation of the adaptive control using real patient pharmacokinetic parameters shows improvement in the performance of the adaptively controlled system over the performance when parameters are not adjusted from published population norms. We discuss properties of the parameter estimator convergence, and we demonstrate significant parameter estimate improvement in the simulation.
Acculturation, Depression, and Smoking Cessation: a trajectory pattern recognition approach

Korean Americans are known for a high smoking prevalence within the Asian American population. This study examined the effects of acculturation and depression on Korean Americans’ smoking cessation and abstinence. This is a secondary data analysis of a smoking cessation study that implemented eight weekly individualized counseling sessions of a culturally adapted cessation intervention for the treatment arm and a standard cognitive behavioral therapy for the comparison arm. Both arms also received nicotine patches for 8 weeks. A newly developed non-parametric trajectory pattern recognition model (MI-Fuzzy) was used to identify cognitive and behavioral response patterns to a smoking cessation intervention among 97 Korean American smokers (81 men and 16 women). Three distinctive response patterns were revealed: (a) Culturally Adapted (CA), since all identified members received the culturally adapted intervention; (b) More Bicultural (MB), for having higher scores of bicultural acculturation; and (c) Less Bicultural (LB), for having lower scores of bicultural acculturation. The CA smokers were those from the treatment arm, while MB and LB groups were from the comparison arm. The LB group differed in depression from the CA and MB groups and no difference was found between the CA and MB groups. Although depression did not directly affect 12-month prolonged abstinence, the LB group was most depressed and achieved the lowest rate of abstinence (LB: 1.03%; MB: 5.15%; CA: 21.65%). A culturally adaptive intervention should target Korean American smokers with a high level of depression and a low level of biculturalism to assist in their smoking cessation. NCT01091363 . Registered 21 March 2010.
Ngugi: Language, Publics, and Production

Much of what constitutes postcolonial theory has been the effort of making the subaltern speak, of resurrecting the attenuated forms buried under the constraining authority of the colonial episteme and culture. Edward Said was the first to give new life, through postcolonial theory, to what in the African context was pronounced dead by Wole Soyinka in his interview with Biodun Jeyifo: the idea of “writing back” as a form of Prospero-Caliban syndrome. One of the key distinctions of African postcolonialism is the disarticulation of the very condition of postcolonialism as writing back, the most radical form of which is Ngugi’s imperative to write for his mother, in a language that she could understand. The language question is important as a factor in the calculus of producers of culture in determining what they are willing to risk their capital on.
Timing of Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Devices Associates With Anatomic Location, Presentation, and Management.

Background & Aims Continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) for advanced heart failure have been associated with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). We examined the association between time of GIB after LVAD implantation and bleeding location (determined by endoscopy), etiology, and patient outcomes. Methods We performed a retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent implantation of continuous-flow LVADs from 2008 through 2015. We analyzed data on anatomic location of GIB, etiology, length of hospital stay, transfusion requirement, time to endoscopy, and readmission to the hospital within 30 days (30-day readmission). Results GIB developed in 59 of the 271 patients (22%). Higher proportions of patients with GIB during their index hospitalization for LVAD implantation had upper or lower GIB (86.7%) than patients with GIB during a subsequent hospitalization (50.0%; P = .013). Patients with GIB during their index hospitalization also had lower rates of middle GIB (0 vs 20.5%; P = .052), higher rates of overt GIB (100% vs 63.6%; P = .006), longer hospital stays (24 days vs 11 days; P Conclusion In a retrospective study of patients who underwent implantation of continuous-flow LVADs, we found that timing of GIB associates with the location and severity of bleeding. Although patients with LVADs have an overall increase in risk of middle GIB, patients with GIB during their index LVAD hospitalization should undergo initial evaluation by upper endoscopy and colonoscopy, due to insufficient time for development of small bowel angiodysplasias. Patients who later develop GIB should be evaluated early for middle GI bleeding.
Vironcology-not yet, but soon?

Engineering the regulatory pathways of a replicating oncolytic adenovirus enhances selective destruction of tumor cells.
Conversational Image Editing: Incremental Intent Identification in a New Dialogue Task

We present “conversational image editing”, a novel real-world application domain combining dialogue, visual information, and the use of computer vision. We discuss the importance of dialogue incrementality in this task, and build various models for incremental intent identification based on deep learning and traditional classification algorithms. We show how our model based on convolutional neural networks outperforms models based on random forests, long short term memory networks, and conditional random fields. By training embeddings based on image-related dialogue corpora, we outperform pre-trained out-of-the-box embeddings, for intention identification tasks. Our experiments also provide evidence that incremental intent processing may be more efficient for the user and could save time in accomplishing tasks.
Automated selection of myocardial inversion time with a convolutional neural network: Spatial temporal ensemble myocardium inversion network (STEMI-NET).

Author(s): Bahrami, Naeim; Retson, Tara; Blansit, Kevin; Wang, Kang; Hsiao, Albert | Abstract: PURPOSE:Delayed enhancement imaging is an essential component of cardiac MRI, which is used widely for the evaluation of myocardial scar and viability. The selection of an optimal inversion time (TI) or null point (TINP ) to suppress the background myocardial signal is required. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of automated selection of TINP using a convolutional neural network (CNN). We hypothesized that a CNN may use spatial and temporal imaging characteristics from an inversion-recovery scout to select TINP , without the aid of a human observer. METHODS:We retrospectively collected 425 clinically acquired cardiac MRI exams performed at 1.5 T that included inversion-recovery scout acquisitions. We developed a VGG19 classifier ensembled with long short-term memory to identify the TINP . We compared the performance of the ensemble CNN in predicting TINP against ground truth, using linear regression analysis. Ground truth was defined as the expert physician annotation of the optimal TI. In a backtrack approach, saliency maps were generated to interpret the classification outcome and to increase the model's transparency. RESULTS:Prediction of TINP from our ensemble VGG19 long short-term memory closely matched with expert annotation (ρ = 0.88). Ninety-four percent of the predicted TINP were within ±36 ms, and 83% were at or after expert TI selection. CONCLUSION:In this study, we show that a CNN is capable of automated prediction of myocardial TI from an inversion-recovery experiment. Merging the spatial and temporal characteristics of the VGG-19 and long short-term-memory CNN structures appears to be sufficient to predict myocardial TI from TI scout.
Venous Sinus Stenting for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), historically termed pseudotumor cerebri, is a poorly understood entity characterized by an increase in intracranial pressures (ICP) without a known cause. Patients often present with headaches, visual disturbances and photophobia, occasionally tinnitus, nausea, and vomiting, and most have objective changes in vision. The term benign intracranial hypertension is misleading as papilledema may be present in up to 95% of patients.
Charting a New Direction: Results of the ACUBE Member Survey.

The ACUBE Steering Committee and President conducted an online survey of members from November 2007-January 2008. The survey asked members for input on a variety of issues facing ACUBE, ranging from participation in the association to satisfaction with annual meetings, Bioscene, and the webpage. The survey was completed by 34% of the membership resulting in 34 pages of data and comments. A preliminary report was delivered at the 2008 Annual Meeting at Hopkinsville Community College; this document is intended to provide more details about the results and inform members who were unable to attend the annual meeting. Based on the results of the survey, the Steering Committee has approved four goals for a still developing Strategic Plan for ACUBE. The Strategic Plan is a work in progress and will rely heavily on results from the member survey. This report provides a suggestion of where ACUBE may be headed in the future as that Plan continues to develop.
Adults with Housing Insecurity Have Worse Access to Primary and Preventive Care

Objective: Housing insecurity has been linked to high-risk behaviors and chronic disease, although less is known about the pathways leading to poor health. We sought to determine whether housing insecurity is associated with access to preventive and primary care. Methods: We conducted weighted univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses by using 2011 to 2015 Behavioral Risk factor Surveillance Survey data (N = 228,131 adults). The independent variable was housing insecurity derived from the question on worry about paying rent or mortgage. The outcome measures were health services utilization (no usual source of care, no routine checkup in the past 1 year, and delayed medical care due to cost), self-rated health (number of days reported physical, mental health not good, and poor overall health), and number of chronic diseases (0, 1, 2 or more). The covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, level of education, marital status, and number of children in the family. We also adjusted for state fixed effects and survey year. We performed χ2 tests and binary logistic regressions on categorical variables and ran t tests and estimated linear regression models on continuous variables. Multinomial logistic regressions were estimated for the number of chronic diseases. Results: Of the 228,131 adults in the study sample, 28,704 adults reported housing insecurity. We found that those with housing insecurity were more likely to forgo routine check-ups and lack usual sources of care. Low-income individuals, minorities, the unmarried, and middle-aged adults were more likely to report housing insecurity. Conclusion: Housing insecurity is associated with worse access to preventive and primary care. Interventions to enhance access for these patients should be developed and studied.
Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning with Increasing Object Shape Bias.

(Very early draft)Traditional supervised learning keeps pushing convolution neural network(CNN) achieving state-of-art performance. However, lack of large-scale annotation data is always a big problem due to the high cost of it, even ImageNet dataset is over-fitted by complex models now. The success of unsupervised learning method represented by the Bert model in natural language processing(NLP) field shows its great potential. And it makes that unlimited training samples becomes possible and the great universal generalization ability changes NLP research direction directly. In this article, we purpose a novel unsupervised learning method based on contrastive predictive coding. Under that, we are able to train model with any non-annotation images and improve model's performance to reach state-of-art performance at the same level of model complexity. Beside that, since the number of training images could be unlimited amplification, an universal large-scale pre-trained computer vision model is possible in the future.
Study Methods and General Findings

The sample was intentionally limited to 166 South Florida postal codes likely to experience either tidal or storm surge flooding. Qualtrics administered an internet-based survey from October through December of 2018 to approximately 1000 individuals. One-half of the sample also received a map of a part of their own city or county showing floodwater depth associated with a Category 3 hurricane in 2033 from the FloodIQ.com website. Analysis of the results shows that, in general, the respondents believe that the climate is changing and that it is human activity that is driving this pace of climate change. However, most do not believe that their own homes are at risk or that their property values will fall as a result of sea-level rise. Respondents on the Gulf Coast gave similar responses to those on the Atlantic coast, although Gulf Coast respondents are less anxious about sea-level rise or the vulnerability of their own home.
Advocating an attack against severe malaria: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

A recent study found that the gut microbiota, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, have the ability to modulate the severity of malaria. The modulation of the severity of malaria is not however, the typical focal point of most widespread interventions. Thus, an essential element of information required before serious consideration of any intervention that targets reducing severe malaria incidence is a prediction of the health benefits and costs required to be cost-effective. Here, we developed a mathematical model of malaria transmission to evaluate an intervention that targets reducing severe malaria incidence. We consider intervention scenarios of a 2-, 7-, and 14-fold reduction in severe malaria incidence, based on the potential reduction in severe malaria incidence caused by gut microbiota, under entomological inoculation rates occurring in 41 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. For each intervention scenario, disability-adjusted life years averted and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were estimated using country specific data, including the reported proportions of severe malaria incidence in healthcare settings. Our results show that an intervention that targets reducing severe malaria incidence with annual costs between $23.65 to $30.26 USD per person and causes a 14-fold reduction in severe malaria incidence would be cost-effective in 15–19 countries and very cost-effective in 9–14 countries respectively. Furthermore, if model predictions are based on the distribution of gut microbiota through a freeze-dried yogurt that cost $0.20 per serving, a 2- to 14-fold reduction in severe malaria incidence would be cost-effective in 29 countries and very cost-effective in 25 countries. Our findings indicate interventions that target severe malaria can be cost-effective, in conjunction with standard interventions, for reducing the health burden and costs attributed to malaria. While our results illustrate a stronger cost-effectiveness for greater reductions, they consistently show that even a limited reduction in severe malaria provides substantial health benefits, and could be economically viable. Therefore, we suggest that interventions that target severe malaria are worthy of consideration, and merit further empirical and clinical investigation.
Nuclear-encoded sigma factor 6 (SIG6) is involved in the block of greening response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Premise Light is critical in the ability of plants to accumulate chlorophyll. When exposed to far-red (FR) light and then grown in white light in the absence of sucrose, wild-type seedlings fail to green in a response known as the FR block of greening (BOG). This response is controlled by phytochrome A through repression of protochlorophyllide reductase-encoding (POR) genes by FR light coupled with irreversible plastid damage. Sigma (SIG) factors are nuclear-encoded proteins that contribute to plant greening and plastid development through regulating gene transcription in chloroplasts and impacting retrograde signaling from the plastid to nucleus. SIGs are regulated by phytochromes, and the expression of some SIG factors is reduced in phytochrome mutant lines, including phyA. Given the association of phyA with the FR BOG and its regulation of SIG factors, we investigated the potential regulatory role of SIG factors in the FR BOG response. Methods We examined FR BOG responses in sig mutants, phytochrome-deficient lines, and mutant lines for several phy-associated factors. We quantified chlorophyll levels and examined expression of key BOG-associated genes. Results Among six sig mutants, only the sig6 mutant significantly accumulated chlorophyll after FR BOG treatment, similar to the phyA mutant. SIG6 appears to control protochlorophyllide accumulation by contributing to the regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis associated with glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HEMA1) function, select phytochrome-interacting factor genes (PIF4 and PIF6), and PENTA1, which regulates PORA mRNA translation after FR exposure. Conclusions Regulation of SIG6 plays a significant role in plant responses to FR exposure during the BOG response.
The Intersubjective Origins of Experience of Sameness and Difference: Precursors to Bias or Tolerance?

Black Lives Matter and the recent protests have focused attention on questions of racism, racial bias and implicit bias. After a brief discussion of these terms, this paper looks to infant research...
Concerning the order of approximation of periodic continuous functions by trigonometric interpolation polynomials

Letx kn=2θk/n,k=0,1 …n−1 (n odd positive integer). LetR n(x) be the unique trigonometric polynomial of order 2n satisfying the interpolatory conditions:R n(xkn)=f(xkn),R n (j)(xkn)=0,j=1,2,4,k=0,1…,n−1. We setw 2(t,f) as the second modulus of continuity off(x). Then we prove that |R n(x)-f(x)|=0(nw2(1/nf)). We also examine the question of lower estimate of ‖R n-f‖. This generalizes an earlier work of the author.