cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Optimal Treatment of Patients Surviving Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Interest in post-resuscitation care has risen with the development of treatment modalities that can affect long-term survival rates even when begun after the systematic ischemia/reperfusion insult associated with cardiac arrest. Mild therapeutic hypothermia has become the foundation for improvement of neurologically favorable survival after cardiac arrest. Reperfusion therapy, specifically early percutaneous coronary intervention, is becoming an important adjunct to therapeutic hypothermia. Identifying which post–cardiac arrest patient had an occluded or unstable coronary vessel is difficult because such events are not reliably predicted by precedent symptoms or standard electrocardiographic analysis. Increasing clinical experience suggests that resuscitated cardiac arrest victims without an obvious noncardiac etiology should undergo emergency coronary angiography and, where indicated, percutaneous coronary intervention. If comatose, they should receive concurrent therapeutic hypothermia. Such an approach can double long-term survival rates among those successfully resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Narcissism through the ages: What happens when narcissists grow older?

Abstract Three types of adult narcissism, as assessed with Wink’s (1991) observational rating method, were studied over a period of 25 years, with participants from the Intergenerational Studies of the Institute of Human Development, UC Berkeley. Narcissism was assessed on three occasions, from age 34 to age 59. Hypersensitive narcissism was found to decrease, Autonomous narcissism increased, and Willfulness narcissism did not change with age. At age 34, both Willfulness and Autonomous narcissism were related to agentic personality characteristics, but only Autonomous narcissism was related to the communal personality characteristic of empathy. Change in narcissism between age 34 and age 59 was shown to predict change in personality at age 71. The agentic personality characteristics that had been associated with Willfulness narcissism at age 34 were no longer characteristic of those individuals at age 71. In addition, in contrast to Autonomous narcissism, at age 34 Willfulness and Hypersensitivity were associated with emotional maladjustment, and predicted continuing maladjustment and less favorable life outcomes in later life.
Animal models for glioma drug discovery.

Introduction: High-grade gliomas are among the most deadly of all cancer types and are also the most common malignant primary tumors of the CNS. Large-scale studies that have analyzed the transcriptional and translational expression patterns of glioma have found that the majority of these tumors can be categorized based on specific genomic anomalies. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) that represent the molecular subgroups of the human disease harbor a variety of molecular alterations that have been proven to drive gliomagenesis. These models provide an opportunity to assess the effects of novel therapies in the presence of specific molecular defects. Research using GEMMs, which are associated with these subclasses, allow researchers to assess drug efficacy by subclass. Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the histological and molecular characteristics of malignant gliomas, the therapies used to treat them and the animal models that closely recapitulate them. Expert opinion: It is l...
Climate: A Factor in the Origin of the Pole Blight Disease of Pinus Monticola Dougl

Measurements of cores or disc samples representing slightly more than 76,000 annual rings from 336 western white pine tree were compiled to obtain a set of deviations from normal growth of healthy trees that would express the response of these trees to variation in the environment during the last 280 years. Their growth was demonstrated to be a function of temperature and available moisture for the period of climatic record from 1912 to 1958. Extrapolating the relation of growth to weather to the long tree ring record of western white pine, we find that the period 1916—40 represents the most adverse growth conditions with regard to intensity and duration in the last 280 years. This drought, superimposed on sites having severe moisture—stress characteristics, triggered the chain of events which ultimately resulted in pole blight. If the unfavorable conditions for growth during 1916—40 do not represent a shift to a new climatic mean and if western white pine is regenerated only on sites with low moisture—stress characteristics, the probability is high that pole blight will not reoccur for many centuries in stands regenerated from this date on.
Firm Size Matters: An Empirical Investigation of Organizational Size and Ownership on Sustainability- Related Behaviors

The phrase “corporate sustainability” is increasingly prevalent in both the industry press and management journals (Engardio, 2007; Montiel, 2008). Corporate sustainability pledges and reports are ...
Anomalous flow behavior in closed and open thin walled nanochannels

Abstract Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to examine water flow in symmetric and asymmetric open and closed ends nanochannels with hydrophilic surfaces. The results are counterintuitive and the opposite of what is observed in macro-systems–closed channels fill faster with fluid than do their open counterparts. In addition, hybrid closed–open asymmetric channels fill up even faster. These results can be explained on the basis of the fluid–structure interaction that arises through the different vibrational behaviors of the surface molecules that are part of the wall forming these channels. Such effects are not expected to be of significance in macro-channels, and point to an important case where macro and nanochannels exhibit contrary behavior. Since these effects results from strong interactions between the fluid molecules and solid surface, one would not expect them with hydrophobic walls, and our simulations confirm such behavior.
A Dual-Stage, Time-Proportioning Thermostat for Use in Poultry Houses

Abstract A dual-stage, time-proportioning thermostat has been developed for controlling both heating and ventilating functions in poultry houses. With the device connected to brooder stoves and ventilation fans, both functions can be controlled through a single temperature adjustment. Overlapping operation of heating and cooling is eliminated, thus conserving energy. Environmental temperature can be controlled to within ± 1.5 C when the thermostat is connected to heaters and fans of adequate capacity.
Relative Difference Sets, Planar Functions, and Generalized Hadamard Matrices

Abstract Let R be an abelian ( p a , p b , p a , p a − b )-difference set in G relative to N . The main results in this paper are the following: • if = = 2 and is odd, then is elementary abelian; • we characterize relative difference sets with = 2 and = 1; • the exponent of is at most ; • if is odd and is odd, then the exponent is at most .
The Brain can be Thought of as a Tool

In this paper I argue that the recent tendency to elevate neuropsychology to the status of the one true scientific core of studies of people thinking, feeling, acting and perceiving is not best understood as a simple mereological fallacy, that is the fallacy of ascribing certain properties of wholes to their parts, in particular mental concepts to the material brain as a part of a person. In defending Svend Brinkmann’s way of undermining the claims of neuroscience against the criticism offered by Gaeto and Cornejo of the cognitive task—brain as tool proposal, I argue that a person’s brain is part of the body of that person, but that the body is not a part of a person. Hence the use of person-concepts to describe brain activity is not a mereological fallacy. Rather human bodies are sites for people. Material tools can be fashioned or found at such sites. It is a fallacy to present neuroscience as the core of psychology but it is the error of deriving an `ought’ from an ‘is’ as identified by David Hume. Where to look for a positive guide to a philosophically respectable psychology, that is a study program that does justice to the phenomena of human thinking, feeling, acting and perceiving, without falling into logical and semantic traps. I show how to adapt Aristotle’s schema for ‘complete explanation’ to this role.
Are there extra scattering mechanisms in the well of a resonant-tunneling diode?

Abstract Recently, it was suggested by Van der Roer et al. [1] that there may be some additional scattering mechanisms that are responsible for the low scattering time τ in the well of resonant tunneling diodes compared to the bulk value. In their model, the scattering time is needed to estimate a damping factor of the wave function in the well of the device. In this paper we show that, while additional scattering mechanisms may be present, these alone are not responsible for such lowering. We present a correct procedure for estimating the damping factor [1]. This will point out that the need of a shorter τ is merely an artifact of the model by Van der Roer et al.
A simulated runway with an approaching goal and stationary subject.

An apparatus is described consisting of a modified Skinner-box and a motor-driven belt. A stimulus object mounted on the belt comes to serve as a conditioned goal-stimulus as its distance from the subject is correlated with number of responses in a ratio-run. Implications are discussed.
Adolescent views on comprehensive health risk assessment and counseling: assessing gender differences.

Abstract Purpose Adolescence is an important time for the detection of health risk behaviors and factors with subsequent counseling and intervention. Limited research has examined adolescent perceptions of comprehensive health risk assessments (HRAs) and counseling with an assessment of gender differences. Methods Participants were identified using Florida's Medicaid and State Children's Health Insurance Program databases. A total of 35 low-income, racially/ethnically diverse adolescents (ages 14–18 years) participated in eight focus groups stratified by gender. Adolescents completed an internet-based, tablet-administered, comprehensive HRA and then participated in a semi-structured interview. Discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a multi-step, team-based approach applying grounded theory to determine major themes. Results Male adolescents desired less parental involvement, had less understanding of the protections of clinical confidentiality and the need for comprehensive HRA, and placed greater emphasis on the importance of professional appearance. In contrast, more females valued face-to-face interactions and stressed the importance of concern from the health risk assessor. Overall, adolescents placed importance on their relationship with the health risk assessor, and on valuing trust, confidentiality, and nonjudgmental care. Adolescents preferred to complete HRAs in clinical, private, and professional settings, and reported that tablet technology supported their confidentially in completing the HRA. Furthermore, they stressed the importance of autonomy and learning about the health risk outcomes for risk reduction. Conclusions Gender differences exist in adolescent perceptions of comprehensive HRAs. Adolescent perceptions of HRAs support their use in confidential primary care settings using modalities that emphasize nonjudgmental, private care, and the use of communication techniques that respect adolescents' autonomy to change health risks.
The application of a novel chemical treatment program to mitigate scaling and fouling in reverse osmosis units

Abstract The desire for improved chemical treatment programs to mitigate scaling and fouling in reverse osmosis units brought Saudi Aramco and Betz International together. The challenge to produce a chemical treatment program that was simpler, safer, and more economical than the traditional sodium hexametaphosphate and sulphuric acid treatment was identified as a mutual goal. This paper presents the results of intensive field trials conducted to evaluate commercially available chemical formulations. The objective of any successful antiscalant is to address the operation's needs as well as prevent any deterioration in product water quality or in the reverse osmosis unit production capacity. The results were based on monitoring the product water conductivity and monitoring the reverse osmosis unit production. Over the test period of the successful chemical, it was recorded that there was no deterioration in product quality nor in unit production. The data were regressed and normalized to account for the fluctuations in operating conditions of the unit. An autopsy of the second stage membrane was conducted by Saudi Aramco. The membrane was found to be in excellent condition with no significant scaling or fouling.
Preparation of anionic clay–birnessite manganese oxide composites by interlayer oxidation of oxalate ions by permanganate

Abstract Oxalate intercalated anionic clay-like nickel zinc hydroxysalt was obtained starting from nickel zinc hydroxyacetate, Ni3Zn2(OH)8(OAc)2·2H2O, by anion exchange. The intercalated oxalate species was reacted with potassium permanganate in such a way that the layered manganese oxide formed was within the interlayer region of the anionic clay resulting in a layered composite in which the negative charges on the birnessite type manganese oxide layers compensate the positive charges on the anionic clay layers. Birnessite to anionic clay ratio could be varied by varying the reaction time or the amount of potassium permanganate used.
Postcardiac Injury Syndrome: An Immunologic Pleural Fluid Analysis

The postcardiac injury syndrome (PCIS) is characterized by inflammation of the pericardium, pleura, and pulmonary parenchyma following a variety of cardiac injuries. Although it has been clinically recognized for decades, confirmation of the syndrome has been problematic owing to lack of a sufficiently diagnostic test. Previously, we have reported pleural fluid characteristics which help to exclude other diagnoses that may mimic the syndrome. We describe the first immunologic assessment, including antimyocardial antibody testing, of pleural fluid from a patient with PCIS which supports a local immunologic mechanism in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. These results support the important role of pleural fluid analysis in the diagnosis of PCIS.
Relation of Lake Ontario fish consumption, lifetime lactation, and parity to breast milk polychlorobiphenyl and pesticide concentrations.

Lactating female members and spouses of male members of the New York State Angler Cohort who agreed to provide breast milk samples were the subjects of this study. Questionnaires were provided to participants focusing on Lake Ontario fish consumption, reproductive history, and lactation history. Milk samples were analyzed for 77 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) congeners, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (DDE), a metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and 1,1a,2,2,3,3a, 4,5,5,5a,5b,6-dodecachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-methano-1H-cyclobuta[cd]pentalene (Mirex). The percentage of samples with quantifiable levels, above the limit of detection (LOD), varied among the individual congeners from 10 to 100%. Nine PCB congeners (designated by their IUPAC No.) and DDE were found in all of the 100 samples analyzed. These include the following, in decreasing order of concentration: DDE>153>138>180>118>187>188>177>200. Total PCB concentrations were estimated by taking the sum of the concentrations of all PCB congeners (up to 77 congeners) above their respective LOD in a given sample. PCB concentrations increased with increasing concentration of milk lipid. Lipid adjusted PCB concentrations increased as a function of maternal age. PCB congener profiles in milk favored the higher chlorinated congeners, with the four highest congeners having 5 to 7 chlorine atoms. Fish eaters had a significantly higher level of several major PCB congeners with congeners 153 and 138 being 1.36 and 1.34 times higher, respectively. PCB and DDE concentrations, expressed on a lipid basis, varied inversely with parity. The total number of months of lifetime lactation varied inversely with the total PCB concentration in breast milk. A similar relationship was evident for DDE. These data are of use for risk assessment in estimating the relative exposure to these environmental contaminants in breast fed infants whose mothers consumed contaminated Lake Ontario fish.
ANTA and its Oxidation Products

5-Amino-3-nitro-lH-1,2,4-triazole (ANTA) is a molecule with high stability. Aside from being an insensitive high explosive (IHE), it is also used as a synthon for other potential new IHEs. The crystal structure of ANTA was resolved by X-ray crystallography. However, when ANTA was recrystallized from 2-butanone, crystals with molecular packing characterized by extended planar sheets were obtained (s-ANTA). The crystal density of s-ANTA is 1.73 g/cm 3 , which is less dense than α-ANTA (p = 1.82g/cm 3 ). The high-nitrogen molecule, 5,5'-dinitro-3,3'-azo-1,2,4-triazole (DNAT) was calculated to have a high density and a positive heat of formation (AHf). In an attempt to prepare DNAT, we have studied the oxidation of ANTA with different oxidizers. It was found that DNAT is the reaction product when the potassium salt of ANTA was oxidized with potassium permanganate. However, when ANTA was oxidized with ammonium persulfate in aqueous medium, one of the reaction products obtained was the azoxy moleclue of DNAT (DNAzT). We are unable to determine the crystal densities of either DNAT and DNAzT because the crystals obtained were solvated with the crystallization solvents.
Prediction of Acoustic, Vorticity and Entropy Waves Generated by Short-Duration Acoustic Pulses Incident on a Blade Row

Some long-standing questions concerning the dynamic behavior of coupled Wet/compressor systems have been answered by analyzing data from recent experiments in which the reflections of intense, short-duration acoustic pulses from an operating compressor were documented. The present paper offers a simple, one-dimensional integral theory as a background for these experiments. The arrival of an acoustic pulse (or an acoustic step change) to a single row of stationary blades gives rise to two acoustic waves (one upstream and one downstream), one vorticity wave, and possibly also an entropy wave. Pulses are characterized by integrals of spatial distributions of pressure, temperature or tangential velocity, while steps are defined by the jump of these flow properties at the wave. Simple expressions are given for the strength of each wave type, in terms of the blade stagger angle and the axial Mach number. The results help in interpreting, scaling and extrapolating experimental data. The work is a step towards an ability to specify realistic outflow boundary conditions in unsteady inlet flow computations, as appropriate for the compressor geometry and the operating conditions. LIST OF SYMBOLS
BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE ANTERIOR, MEDIAL, AND POSTERIOR GENIOGLOSSUS IN THE AGED RAT

Age-related tongue weakness may contribute to swallowing deficits in the elderly. One contributing factor may be an alteration in muscle-fiber-type properties with aging. However, it is not clear how muscle fiber types within the aged tongue may vary from those found in young adults, or how fiber types may vary across the anteroposterior axis of the extrinsic tongue muscles. We examined the myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition of anterior, medial, and posterior sections of the genioglossus muscle (GG) in ten old male Fischer 344/Brown Norway rats and compared findings to previously reported data from young adult male rats. Significant differences (p < 0.01) between young adult and old rats were found in the distribution of MHC isoforms along the anteroposterior axis of the muscle. In the anterior, medial, and posterior regions, there was a significantly smaller proportion of type IIb MHC in the old rat GG muscles, while the proportion of type IIx MHC was significantly greater. In the medial region, the proportion of type I MHC was found to be significantly greater in the old rats. Thus, we found a shift to more slowly contracting muscle fibers in the aged rat tongue.
Orbital properties of Jupiter-family comets

Abstract The history of “comet families”, in particular the Jupiter comet family, is reviewed, together with ways in which the Jupiter family has been defined. New criteria are proposed, particularly with regard to distinguishing Jupiter-family comets (JFCs) from centaurs. The effect of nongravitational forces on JFCs is also discussed.
Blood dyscrasias and topically applied chloramphenicol in ophthalmology

The case reports presented so far, concerning a possible causative relationship between the ophthalmological use of chloramphenicol (O-CAP) and blood dyscrasias, are few in number, not always fully documented and therefore not always convincing. The overall use of this drug in a restricted area in the Netherlands was assessed. On a yearly basis 1:29 people used O-CAP. In a four-year period in the same area, 12 patients with aplastic anemia and 190 patients with other cytopenic dyscrasias were found. After exclusion of all cases with other possible causes of the dyscrasia, e.g. cancer and related therapy, other drugs than O-CAP and infectious diseases, 59 cases remained in which a definite cause could not be established. We traced back the use of O-CAP in the relevant period. No dyscrasias were found that unequivocally were caused by O-CAP. The rate of O-CAP use in the dyscrasia-group was approximately equal to that in the population as a whole. Hence we concluded that it is highly improbable that O-CAP played a part in the etiology of blood dyscrasias in the region. Statistical evaluation of material derived from a much larger region may, however, lead to a more differentiated conclusion.
Cultural politics in contemporary travel writing

Abstract This study analyzes travel writing in terms of the relevant textual features contributing to intercultural communication representations in such stories. A textual analysis of the best-selling series The Best American Travel Writing 2001 was conducted. Findings suggest that “best” describes intercultural communication as mostly occurring when authors seek to expound upon their immediate needs and experiences. Moreover, this analysis suggests that representations rely on frequent comparisons between the host and American societies, as well as on patriarchal discourses where a normative masculinity is poised against a constructed femininity. The sociocultural significance and implications of the findings are discussed by situating travel stories within a wider discussion regarding American ideology.
Living without Labels

Charles Evans Hughes's career ran along the fault lines of most of the major political events of his lifetime. Muckraking catapulted him to fame. He governed New York during four key years of the Progressive era as an effective administrator and earnest reformer. He stayed with the Republican Party when the Progressives bolted in 1912. He ran for the presidency in 1916 but missed the prize, albeit by a narrower electoral college margin than any other contender until the very end of the century. He was instrumental in negotiating the international naval disarmament accords of 1921–22, landmarks of progressive internationalism in their day that fell under sharp criticism a decade later. He presided over the U.S. Supreme Court during the key years of the New Deal, though in most histories of the 1930s Court he comes across as something of an also-ran behind its more memorable shapers: Brandeis, Cardozo, Sutherland, Black, even Roberts. Hard to pin to any achievement or distinct idea, slipping in and out of the dramatic movements of his day, he was the kind of man who makes history but easily falls out of the history books.
Analysis of out-of-plane displacement and stress field in a piezocomposite plate with functionally graded microstructure

A modified classical lamination theory (CLT) to account for piezoelectric coupling terms under applied electric field was developed. CLT is capable of predicting the stress field and out-of-plane displacement of laminated piezoelectric layers. CLT was applied to predict the stress and out-of-plane displacement of different types of piezoelectric actuators. A standard piezoelectric bimorph and a newly proposed piezoelectric functionally graded microstructure (FGM) bimorph were analyzed using CLT. The FGM piezoelectric laminates are composite materials whose electroelastic properties are varied through their thickness. The electroelastic properties of an FGM are made to vary in a linear or non-linear manner through the thickness to achieve the maximum displacement of the actuator while minimizing the induced stress field. The CLT results were verified using the finite element method.
The static dielectric constant of the soft sticky dipole model of liquid water: Monte Carlo simulation

Abstract Recently, we have developed a new water potential (J. Phys. Chem. 100 (1996) 2723), which gives good descriptions of water and provides a 6–7 fold increase in computations speed in Monte Carlo simulations when compared to existing multi-site models. Here, the static dielectric constant of this model is calculated by Monte Carlo simulations employing the reaction field method. Also, a study of the influence of acceptance ratio on the calculated dielectric constant is made by varying the acceptance from 20 to 50%. The calculated dielectric constant converges to 81 and shows no correlation with the acceptance ratio.
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: Current Management Strategies for the Surgery Patient

Purpose: As advances in the therapeutic management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome occur, oral and maxillofacial surgeons should be aware of the current treatment philosophies and modalities. This article provides a comprehensive review of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and presents some of the current management strategies that can be used for these patients, whether it be in the office or in the hospital.
Torsion Elements in Incidence Algebras

Abstract Let I(X, F) denote the incidence algebra of the locally finite partially ordered set, X, defined over the field, F. This paper considers when the set of torsion elements of I(X, F) forms a group. If F is of finite characteristic, it is shown that the torsion elements of I(X, F) form a group if and only if X is bounded, while if F is of characteristic 0, the torsion elements of the incidence algebra form a group if and only if X is an antichain.
Let’S Put on a Show! Performing Arts and Urban Revitalization in Newark, New Jersey

The development of new cultural facilities has become a key aspect of urban economic development strategy. This article analyzes the confluence of interests that brings public officials, arts entrepreneurs, and arts patrons together in support of these projects. The case of the New Jersey Performing Arts Center is Newark is offered as an example. Here, the state government took the lead, city officials, private sector interests and the arts community have all mobilized to bring about the arts center’s creation. The center’s development process is discussed and its impact evaluated.
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE FORMS OF VITAMIN D3 IN KIDNEY AND INTESTINE.

Abstract An investigation of the metabolism of vitamin D3 and of its biologically active forms in rat kidney and intestinal mucosa was carried out utilizing radiochemically pure H3-vitamin D3. The radioactivity present in these tissues 24 hours after the administration of a 500 IU dose of H3-vitamin D3 was extracted by the methanol-chloroform procedure of Bligh and Dyer. Forty-nine % of the radioactivity present in intestinal mucosa and 17% of that in kidney was found in the aqueous-methanol phase. The remainder was found in the chloroform layer. Chromatography of the chloroform extract on silicic acid columns and thin-layer plates revealed that a total of 70% of the kidney and 42% of the intestinal radioactivity was present in a material which migrated identically with crystalline vitamin D3 and which possessed equivalent biological activity when assayed in the rat. At least three other chloroform-soluble radioactive compounds were detected, all of which showed partial vitamin D activity. The aqueous-methanol-soluble radioactive compound(s) were totally without vitamin D activity.
In polite company: rules of play in five Facebook games

Applications developed for the popular social network site Facebook frequently take the form of online games, but designers need to consider the conventions governing politeness, aggression, reciprocity, and obligation carefully in both online and face-to-face communities when structuring the rules of game play in the context of highly formalized and conceptualized social networks. In particular, the combination of egalitarian mechanisms for "friending" across generational and class lines and extremely hierarchical systems of ranking on leaderboards among particular cohorts can make it a challenging environment for creating sustained and synergistic game play.
Natural history of clinically staged low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated with monotherapeutic permanent interstitial brachytherapy.

Purpose To evaluate the natural history of clinically staged low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated with permanent interstitial seed implants as monotherapy. Methods and Materials Between April 1995 and May 2005, 463 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent brachytherapy as the sole definitive treatment. Men who received supplemental external beam radiotherapy or androgen deprivation therapy were excluded. Dosimetric implant quality was determined based on the minimum dose that covered 90% of the target volume and the volume of the prostate gland receiving 100% of the prescribed dose. Multiple parameters were evaluated as predictors of treatment outcomes. Results The 12-year biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS), cause-specific survival, and overall survival rates for the entire cohort were 97.1%, 99.7%, and 75.4%, respectively. Only pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level, percent positive biopsy cores, and minimum dose that covered 90% of the target volume were significant predictors of biochemical recurrence. The bPFS, cause-specific survival, and overall survival rates were 97.4%, 99.6%, and 76.2%, respectively, for low-risk patients and 96.4%, 100%, and 74.0%, respectively, for intermediate-risk patients. The bPFS rate was 98.8% for low-risk patients with high-quality implants versus 92.1% for those with less adequate implants (p Conclusions High-quality brachytherapy implants as monotherapy can provide excellent outcomes for men with clinically staged low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer. For these men, a high-quality implant can achieve results comparable to high-quality surgery in the most favorable pathologically staged patient subgroups.
Enhanced Raman characterization of adsorbed water at the electrochemical double layer on silver

Abstract Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from molecular water adsorbed on silver in an aqueous electrolyte is reported. The SERS active water is most probably associated with active sites on the metal which are stabilized by the double layer structure. The line shapes of the primary vibrations associated with the O-H stretch and the H-O-H bend are strong functions of the applied voltage, the electrolyte pH, and the bulk concentration of cations. At least two types of adsorbed water are observed. These data directly demonstrate that the structure of the first layer of water is significantly influenced by interaction with adjacent layers.
The Response to Ambient Pressure of Fuel Drop Combustion with Surface Equilibrium

Abstract The burning rate response of a fuel drop to ambient pressure is determined, using the method of activation-energy asymptotics. The combustion is assumed to be quasi-steady and spherically symmetric. Other analyses of this problem have commonly, but unrealistically, assumed that the surface temperature Ts may be prescribed a priori. By contrast, the present analysis imposes vapor-liquid equilibrium at the surface of the drop, so that Ts is determined as part of the solution. The resulting response curves differ markedly from those obtained by prescribed-Ts analyses. In particular, it is shown that the burning rate actually decreases over much of the response as the ambient pressure increases. Also, in the limit of large pressure, the reaction zone moves to the surface of the drop (the Buckmaster flame), rather than evolving into the familiar Burke-Schumann equilibrium flame.
Beowulf 3074–75: Beowulf Appraises His Reward

Beowulf 3074–75 has been construed as confirmation of God’s grace for a man ‘eager for gold’ (Klaeber), an invitation to consider Beowulf’s dragon-killing sacrificial (Smithers), and an indictment of Beowulf’s greed (Stanley). John Tanke’s recent work on the passage offers significant new readings, and some of these have been adopted by R. D. Fulk. Working from Tanke’s interpretation, I suggest that that Beowulf merely appraises the treasure Wiglaf has brought from the barrow. Since he is dying, Beowulf stares at this wealth more keenly than he had ever examined any other reward in the past. This appraisal evokes an ambivalence and invites an observer’s assessment of Beowulf’s deeds in the dragon fight.
Determination of Neodymium in Bastonaesite Concentrates by Photoacoustic Spectrometry

The Nd contents of bastonaesite concentrates were determined by photoacoustic spectrometry without dissolution or separation. The bastonaesite concentrates were suitably modeled with a Nd carbonate-La carbonate system. To deal with the light scattering samples, a Kubelka-Munku type calibration method was modified, and the linear relationship between Nd content and the response function was obtained up to 20%(wt/wt) of Nd. The effect of particle size was relatively small under 325 mesh. The effect of impurities on the fluorecence process was also discussed.
Ventricular Parasystole with Reentry in the AV Node

A case of ventricular parasystole with concealed retrograde conduction is presented. Two instances of ventricular reexcitation in the form of echo beats are described. The absence of retrograde atrial activity preceding the echoes suggests that the reentry circuit did not include an atrial bridge. A review of the pertinent literature discusses the role of the atria in the reentry path of ventricular echoes.
Periodontal status is unrelated to preterm low birth weight in a group of Caucasian German women.

Article Title and Bibliographic Information Periodontal status and preterm low birth weight: a case control study. Noack B, Klingenberg J, et al. J Periodontal Res 2005;40(4):339-45. Level of Evidence 3b Purpose To examine the potential association between risk for delivery of preterm, low birth weight infants and the presence of periodontitis in Caucasian German pregnant women. Source of Funding Not specified Type of Study/Design Case-control study
Ionic transport in the BeF2CsF glass system

Abstract A conductivity anomaly has been observed for the purified BeF 2 CsF glass system. Initial additions of CsF to vitreous BeF 2 decrease the conductivity σ by two orders of magnitude. The minimum conductivity is at 3 mol% CsF whereupon further additions of the CsF modifier gradually increase σ. The vitreous BeF 2 and 44.0 Kcal/mol at the conductivity minima. A d.c. electrolysis technique verified that fluorine transport is the dominant transport mode at all CsF concentration. A model for conduction is proposed based upon two competing fluorine transport mechanisms: (1) an anti-Frenkel defect mechanism at low CsF concentrations, and (2) a classical non-bridging fluorine transport mechanism at higher CsF concentrations. The model shows fluorine transport to be highly dependent on hydroxyl impurities.
A bayesian approach to time-varying cross-sectional regression models

Abstract This paper presents a Bayesian approach to regression models with time-varying parameters, or state vector models. Unlike most previous research in this field the model allows for multiple observations for each time period. Bayesian estimators and their properties are developed for the general case where the regression parameters follow an ARMA ( s , q ) process over time. This methodology is applied to the estimation of time-varying price elasticity for a consumer product, using biweekly sales data for eleven domestic markets. The parameter estimates and forecasting performance of the model are compared with various alternative approaches.
Lactic Dehydrogenase Isozyme Variations in the Livers of Rabbits Treated with Triiodothyronine1

The administration of triiodothyronine to rabbits resulted in a change of the lactic dehydrogenase isozyme pattern in the liver. This change was in the loss of activity of LDH 5 and decreased activity of LDH 2, LDH 3 and LDH 4. It is suggested that perhaps thyroid and other hormones might be major environmental factors in the formation of isozymes in the body. (Endocrinology 74: 87, 1964)
T cell activation and retargeting using staphylococcal enterotoxin B and bispecific antibody: an effective in vivo antitumor strategy.

The aim of this work was to test for cure and immunity in a micrometastatic tumor model using in vivo T cell activation with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and retargeting with antitumor×anti-CD3 F(ab′)2 bispecific antibodies (bsAb). All studies were performed in C3H/HeN mice using syngeneic tumor cell lines. For survival studies, mice were injected intravenously on day 0 with CL62 (a p97-transfected clone of the K1735 murine melanoma tumor). Day-3 treatments included saline (control), SEB (50 γg intraperitoneal) with or without bsAb (5 μg i.v.). Cured mice, surviving beyond 60 days, were rechallenged with subcutaneous CL62, K1735, or a nonmelanoma control, AG104. SEB activation studies were performed with pulmonary tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes isolated from 10-day established CL62 tumors. Maximal tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cytotoxicity was demonstrated 24 h following SEB injection, therefore bsAb treatments were administered 24 h after SEB. When survival was examined at 60 days, there were significantly more survivors in the group receiving SEB plus bsAb (70%) compared to the group receiving SEB alone (30%), and the controls (0%) (P=0.02 and P<0.01, respectively). Mice cured of CL62 using SEB alone or with bsAb demonstrated equal immunity to CL62, however, mice treated with SEB plus bsAb were more often immune to the p97– parental cell line, K1735(P=0.001). Ag104 consistently grew in all mice. Results of these studies demonstrate that SEB plus bsAb can be effective, not only in curing tumors but also in providing protective immunity against targeted and nontargeted tumor antigens.
Selecting Most Desirable Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixtures

Aggregate properties and gradations have been shown to have a significant impact on the strength and performance of HMA mixtures. Strength properties, such as the resilient modulus and tensile strength, and performance properties, such as moisture sensitivity, permanent deformation, and low-temperature cracking, play a major role in the field performance of HMA mixtures. However, it is believed that by changing the aggregate gradation and the asphalt binder, a desirable hot-mix asphalt mixture can be achieved for any source of aggregate. The data and analysis of a laboratory research study that evaluated four gradations and four asphalt binders in conjunction with five sources of Nevada aggregates are summarized. The measured material properties include the Superpave binder and aggregate properties, the strength properties, and the permanent deformation and low-temperature cracking of the mixtures. The data analysis indicated that the resilient modulus and tensile strength tests can be used in lieu of the...
Effect of antioxidants on photodecomposition of benzo[a]pyrene

Abstract The influence of 27 antioxidants on the response of benzo[a] pyrene to photodecomposition was tested. Four antioxidants afforded significant protection and six enhanced decomposition.
School Psychologists' Knowledge of Traumatic Head Injury: Implications for Training.

The purpose of this study was to investigate school psychologists' knowledge base, training, and experience in the area of traumatic head injury (THI). The results indicated that school psychologists have received little systematic training in the area of THI and consequently do not have broad-based information about this group of children. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for training professionals who will serve THI children.
LOX Out, Histones: A New Enzyme Is Nipping at Your Tails

In the current issue of Molecular Cell, Herranz et al. (2012) demonstrate that LOXL2 deaminates trimethylated histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3), which uncovers a new chromatin modification and a new enzymatic mechanism with the potential to regulate additional lysine residues.
Optimal control of manipulators with any number of passive joints

This article discusses the problem of controlling robot manipulators with passive joints, when the number of passive joints is larger than the number of active joints. Assuming that brakes and position sensors are available at each passive joint, we investigate the following issues: (1) what is a sufficient condition for controllability of the passive joints via dynamic coupling with the active joints and how can we quantify the controllability at a given configuration; (2) what is the optimal control and locking sequence of the passive joints; and (3) how can we control both passive and active joints to an equilibrium point in joint space. We propose an optimal control method and demonstrate its validity with both simulation and experimental results. The work presented here is significant because it provides a better understanding and a guideline for utilizing manipulators with passive joints for energy efficiency and fault-tolerant design in applications such as space robotics, hyperredundant robots, and sport mechanics. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 15: 115–129, 1998
Quantum Metrology with Maximally Entangled States and Parity Measurements

We discuss our recent work on Heisenberg-limited interferometric measurements of phase shifts using maximally entangled states of N photons and with twin Fock states injected into a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, coupled with photonic parity measurements.
Vertical Transmission of Ovipleistophora ovariae (Microspora) within the Eggs of the Golden Shiner

Abstract Fertilized eggs collected from broodfish infected by Ovipleistophora ovariae were tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and found to be positive for the O. ovariae genome at 7.77 × 102 to 3.26 × 107 copies per microgram of host DNA. Fry hatched from these eggs contained from 1.37 × 102 to 9.89 × 106 copies of the O. ovariae genome per microgram of host DNA. Surface treatments of fertilized eggs with 150 mg formalin/L (used by farms as a fungicide) or a 1.5% solution of sodium sulfite (which removes the adhesive egg matrix) did not reduce vertical transmission to fry. Treatment of eggs with a 10% solution of bleach or a proprietary commercial DNA denaturant did not reduce the number of egg-associated copies of the O. ovariae genome. Histology of ovaries of infected fish demonstrated spores within the oocytes. However, no spores were observed by histology in positive fry hatched from infected eggs. The PCR and histological demonstration of the presence of O. ovariae spores in oocyt...
Deferoxamine improves spatial memory performance following experimental brain injury in rats

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes impairments of both motor and spatial memory performances. Research is only beginning to reveal the biochemical mechanism(s) underlying these deficits. It has been postulated that reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, as well as the peroxynitrite anion, are generated by injury and may play a critical role in the observed memory deficits. The highly reactive hydroxyl radical, which is thought to contribute to neuronal toxicity, can be generated by an iron-catalyzed reaction. The source of this iron (or iron-bound proteins) could be a compromise of the blood-brain barrier, which can occur following TBI. In this report, we investigate the ability of deferoxamine, a scavenger of free iron, the hydroxyl radical and the peroxynitrite anion, to facilitate behavioral recovery following a controlled cortical impact of rats. Intraperitoneal administration of this drug prior to the injury did not affect the rate of recovery from motor deficits in comparison to vehicle (saline)-injected animals. However, deferoxamine-treated animals showed significant improvement in spatial memory performance in a Morris water maze task. Volumetric analysis of cortical tissue loss showed no significant differences between vehicle- and drug-injected animals. Similarly, histological examination of the hippocampus did not reveal any gross differences between the two groups. These results indicate that deferoxamine improves spatial memory performance, possibly through protection from neuronal dysfunction.
Growth of Carbon Nanotubes: A Combinatorial Method To Study the Effects of Catalysts and Underlayers

With their interesting electrical, structural, and physical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are envisioned to impact future nanoelectronics, nanosensors, and nanophotonics. Current research and development efforts in the growth of CNTs rely on the time-consuming one-parameter-at-a-time approach, whereby marginal variations in growth conditions from run-to-run experiments could result in substantially different outcomes. Here we report a highly efficient combinatorial approach to study the effects of catalysts and underlying metals for the generation of a comprehensive discovery library of CNTs. Shadow masking and sequential ion-beam deposition are used to construct an ensemble of catalysts and underlying metals on a generic addressable platform, whereby upon chemical vapor deposition, the CNT library can be assayed efficiently and conveniently to reveal a host of interesting phenomena. The approach could, in principle, be adapted and used for combinatorial investigations of other nanostructures.
Conserved quantities in classical Yang-Mills theory

A method is presented which generates a complete set of conserved quantities in classical non-Abelian gauge theory. The set is complete in the sense that its specification completely determines the time evolution of the system. The usual space-time symmetries are shown to belong to the set. The method is also applied to the anharmonic oscillator in an appendix.
Equivalence of the Present Worth and Revenue Requirements Methods of Capital Investment Analysis

Abstract The minimum revenue requirements method of capital investment analysis is widely used by investor-owned utilities. The present worth method is more familiar to graduates of industrial engineering curricula. This paper considers a particular variant of the minimum revenue requirements method and presents the assumptions that must be adopted to insure exact equivalence between the two methods. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the tabular computation algorithm commonly used by practitioners of both methods. Several models for computing revenue requirements are given, each based on a different view of the cost of capital. The results of these computations are compared to those obtained when the present worth method is used to treat borrowed funds both implicitly and explicitly. Theorems from Oso [13] are used to generalize the results. Additional theorems extend findings regarding the equivalence of the minimum revenue requirements and the present worth methods.