cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Unisite and Multisite Catalysis in the ArsA ATPase

The ars operon of plasmid R773 encodes an As(III)/Sb(III) extrusion pump. The catalytic subunit, the ArsA ATPase, has two homologous halves, A1 and A2, each with a consensus nucleotide-binding sequence. ATP hydrolysis is slow in the absence of metalloid and is accelerated by metalloid binding. ArsA M446W has a single tryptophan adjacent to the A2 nucleotide-binding site. Tryptophan fluorescence increased upon addition of ATP, ADP, or a nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue. Mg2+ and Sb(III) produced rapid quenching of fluorescence with ADP, no quenching with a nonhydrolyzable analogue, and slow quenching with ATP. The results suggest that slow quenching with ATP reflects hydrolysis of ATP to ADP in the A2 nucleotide-binding site. In an A2 nucleotide-binding site mutant, nucleotides had no effect. In contrast, in an A1 nucleotide-binding mutant, nucleotides still increased fluorescence, but there was no quenching with Mg2+ and Sb(III). This suggests that the A2 site hydrolyzes ATP only when Sb(III) or As(III) is present and when the A1 nucleotide-binding domain is functional. These results support previous hypotheses in which only the A1 nucleotide-binding domain hydrolyzes ATP in the absence of activator (unisite catalysis), and both the A1 and A2 sites hydrolyze ATP when activated (multisite catalysis).
Dynamic Micro-Strain Analysis of Ultrafine-Grained Aluminum Magnesium Alloy Using Digital Image Correlation

Tensile tests were performed in situ on an ultrafine-grained (UFG) Al-Mg alloy using a micro-tensile module in a scanning electron microscope. The micro-strain evolution was tracked and measured using digital image correlation (DIC). A fine random speckle pattern was required to achieve high resolution and accuracy of strain measurement using DIC. To produce the speckle pattern, a patterning method was developed using electron beam lithography to deposit a gold speckle pattern. The nanoscale feature size of this gold pattern (45 nm) was useful for identifying the micro-strain among individual grains of the UFG Al-Mg alloy. Microstructural aspects of the UFG Al-Mg alloy were revealed by analysis of electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) patterns. Finally, the effect of the UFG Al-Mg alloy microstructure on the nanoscale deformation mechanism was investigated by combining EBSD and DIC data in a contour map. This combined technique provides a method for direct measurement of micro-strain and is potentially useful for deformation studies of a wide range of nanostructured materials.
Reflecting on 103 Months of Featured Molecules

This is the 103rd and final article in the JCE Featured Molecules column under the guidance of William F. Coleman. The goal of the Featured Molecules column since its first appearance in 2002 has been to add a third dimension to many of the chemical structures that appeared in the Journal, as structural visualization is crucial to developing as a chemist, or in developing an appreciation for chemistry. The intent was to build a collection for which the organizing theme was providing molecular structures in the context of articles in that issue of the Journal. The column has evolved over the years to include ways that the selected molecules could be used in other aspects of the curriculum. In particular, molecules have been chosen to illustrate specific chemical phenomena, to enrich courses for students who are not intending to become chemists, and to introduce computational methods to students at the undergraduate level. For eight years, this column has been about the beautiful architecture of molecules and how an understanding of that architecture can enhance the understanding and predictive power of chemistry.
5-HT receptor blockade in the posterior amygdala elicits feeding in female rats

Previous work suggests that feeding following intraventricular (i.v.t.) injections of the serotonin (5-HT) 1/2/7 antagonist metergoline (MET) is not localized to the hypothalamus. Since lesions of the posterior basolateral amygdala (pBLA) block feeding following systemic 5-HT 1A agonist 8-hydroxy-2(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, the ability of intra-pBLA MET to elicit feeding was investigated. In two separate experiments, feeding of female rats was measured over 2h following 0, 3, 10 and 30 nmol and 0, 0.03, 0.3 and 3 nmol MET (mol. wt. 403.5) injected bilaterally into each pBLA. All three doses used in Experiment I increased feeding over 2 h. In Experiment 2, feeding over the first hour was enhanced after the two highest doses. Since intra-pBLA MET elicits feeding comparable to that seen using much higher doses administered i.v.t. these data implicate the pBLA as an extra-hypothalamic site mediating the effects of 5-HT in feeding control.
Inlet performance of the integrated Langley scramjet module

The inlet concept for the Langley Scramjet Module has been developed and proven in Langley wind tunnels over a Mach number range from 2.3 to 6.0 (flight simulation of Mach 2.6 to 7.6). This modular engine concept is designed to integrate with the airframe, which results in precompression of the engine airflow by the vehicle bow shock and additional expansion of the nozzle exhaust gas by the afterbody of the vehicle. With these integration advantages, the inlet can be designed with modest contraction ratios and fixed geometry. Also, the module nozzle exit area can be equal to the capture area, which permits the cowl to be alined with the local flow producing minimum external drag. The inlet leading edges and planar compression surfaces are swept at 48 deg, which provides spillage at low Mach numbers for starting and which reduces the pressure gradient on the top surface to permit ingestion of the vehicle forebody boundary layer into the inlet without separating. Three fuel injection struts provide for the use of a short combustor having low internal cooling requirements. Schedules for mass capture ratio, contraction ratio, and total pressure recovery are well within the acceptable range for a good scramjet propulsion device. The fixed geometry, minimum external drag design has proven to be a practical, high-performance inlet concept.
62 FAMILIAL PARTIAL PERIPHERAL AND PITUITARY RESISTANCE TO THYROID HORMONE - A FREQUENTLY MISSED DIAGNOSIS?

62 FAMILIAL PARTIAL PERIPHERAL AND PITUITARY RESISTANCE TO THYROID HORMONE - A FREQUENTLY MISSED DIAGNOSIS?
Nuclear magnetic resonance of 169Tm in thulium iron garnet

Abstract The nuclear magnetic resonance of 169 Tm has been studied in polycrystalline thulium iron garnet at 4.2°K in zero field using the spin-echo technique.
Identification of dynamic comprehension processes during large scale maintenance

We present results of observing professional maintenance engineers working with industrial code at actual maintenance tasks. Protocol analysis is used to explore how code understanding might differ for small versus large scale code. The experiment confirms that cognition processes work at all levels of abstraction simultaneously as programmers build a mental model of the code. Analysis focused on dynamic properties and processes of code understanding. Cognition processes emerged at three levels of aggregation representing lower and higher level strategies of understanding. They show differences in what triggers them and how they achieve their goals. Results are useful for defining information which maintenance engineers need for their work and for documentation and development standards.
Non-Linear Current-Potential Relations in an Axon Membrane

The membrane current density, Im , in the squid giant axon has been calculated from the measured external current applied to the axon, Io , by the equation See PDF for Equation where Vm is the membrane potential under the current electrode and r1 and r2 are the external and internal longitudinal resistances. The original derivation of this equation included in one step an assumption of a linear relation between Im and Vm . It is shown that the same equation can be obtained without this restricting assumption.
Effects of the novel benzodiazepine agonist quazepam on suppressed behavior of monkeys.

Abstract Behavioral effects of the benzodiazepine agonist quazepam were compared with those of lorazepam in squirrel monkeys responding under a fixed-interval schedule of food presentation with a superimposed fixed-ratio schedule of response-produced shock. Low and intermediate i.v. doses of quazepam (0.1–1.0 mg/kg) and lorazepam (0.03–0.3 mg/kg) increased rates of suppressed responding, yet the maximal increases in rate were less after quazepam than after lorazepam. Higher doses of both drugs tended to increase responding less or decrease it and, with quazepam, frequent sleep was observed for 2–3 days afterwards. The dose-response curves for quazepam and lorazepam were shifted to the right following i.v. pretreatment with the benzodiazepine antagonists Ro 15-1788 (0.18–3.0 mg/kg) or AHR-11797 (1.0–5.6 mg/kg); in this regard, AHR-11797 was less potent than Ro 15-1788. Although the effects of quazepam on suppressed responding are likely due to actions at benzodiazepine receptors, these effects may be influenced by or reflect a more prominent sleep-promoting action of the drug.
P185erbB-2 im Serum von Ovarialakrzinompatientinnen

- Erhohte Serumspiegel des p185erbB-2 Onkoproteins konnen mit einem EIA bei einzelnen Ovarialkarzinompatientinnen gemessen werden. - Wegen des seltenen Vorkommens versprechen p185erbB-2 Serumkonzentrationen keinen klinischen Nutzen bei der Identifikation oder Verlaufskontrolle von high-risk Patientinnen.
Mlab--a mathematical modeling tool.

Abstract An interactive interpreter called Mlab is described. One uses Mlab by typing commands. In this sense, Mlab is a programming language. It has various mathematical and graphical facilities which make it a useful tool for mathematical modeling. The curve fitting capabilities of Mlab are augmented with differential-equation-handling and matrix-manipulation capabilities which provide a powerful and civilized facility for curve fitting. Many people are engaged in this activity, and, in general, they use programs which are neither sufficiently general nor easy to use. (Some conventional programming is usually required, for example.) Mlab purports to be easier than alternate approaches. The nature of Mlab is discussed with accompanying examples. The main example is the use of curve fitting to determine molecular weight from ultracentrifuge data. This example was chosen because it exhibits a special feature of Mlab, namely the root operator, which appears in the definition of the model function.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome: detection of antibody to epidermolytic toxin by a primary binding assay

Summary Measurement by radioimmunoassay of the epidermolytic toxin of Staphylococcus aureus and antibodies to epidermolysin was attempted in sera from patients with the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Antibodies to epidermolysin were also measured in sera from normal adults and patients with drug-related toxic epidermal necrolysis. Epidermolysin was not detectable by radioimmunoassay (in the range of 5-100 ng/ml), radial immunodiffusion or bioassay in newborn mice. Antibodies to epidermolysin were detectable in sera from patients in all three groups studied, but there was a significant increase in the amount of antibody in convalescent, compared to acute phase sera, only in the patients with the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. We propose that neutralizing antibodies play a major role in termination or prevention of the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.
Temperature and species concentration measurements in a swirl-stabilized combustor

An experimental evaluation of a swirl-stabilized combustor is presented. The combustor is composed of two confined, concentric, swirling jets. The inner jet flow is lean premixed methane and air; the outer flow is air. Combustion is stabilized on a swirl-induced recirculation zone. Mean temperature and mean concentrations of major species are measured throughout the combustor, including the recirculation zone. Fine wire thermocouples are used to measure temperature. A gas chromatograph and a chemi-luminescence analyzer are employed to analyze samples extracted by a water-cooled gas-sampling probe. Results are presented in the form of isotherms and isopleths of species concentration in the combustor for two swirl conditions: co-swirl and counter-swirl. The effects of swirl on the combustion are discussed in light of flame quenching due to rapid dilution and cooling of the reacting inner jet flow by mixing with the outer flow. Evidence for probe induced perturbations of the combustion process is observed.
Happy Faces Elicit Heuristic Processing in a Televised Impression Formation Task: A Cognitive Tuning Account

Participants viewed a videotape of a person who expressed verbal statements accompanied by neutral, happy, or angry facial displays. These statements could be used to quickly stereotype the person (heuristic processing). Alternatively, these statements could be processed in a piecemeal manner for purposes of judging the person (systematic processing). Among low-motivation participants, neutral displays elicited systematic processing, whereas happy displays elicited heuristic processing. Angry displays elicited a processing style falling between these extremes. Highly motivated participants processed the verbal statements in a systematic manner regardless of the target's facial expression. These results correspond to findings reported in the mood literature, and the differences obtained for low- and high-motivation participants support a cognitive tuning account of the mediating process.
A FACETS analysis of rater bias in measuring Japanese second language writing performance

The purpose of this study is twofold. First, using FACETS (Linacre, 1996), it investigates how judgements of trained teacher raters are biased towards certain types of candidates and certain criteria in assessing Japanese second language (L2) writing. Previous studies that identified significantly biased rater-candidate interactions did not discuss who the candidates were, but this study examines rater-candidate interactions in much more detail. Secondly, since there is no established rating scale for assessing Japanese L2 writing, this study explores the potential for using a modified version of Jacobs et al.’s (1981) rating scale for norm-referenced decisions about Japanese L2 writing ability. The participants in the study comprised 234 university candidates and three trained teacher raters. The raters produced highly correlated scores and were self-consistent, but significant differences in overall severity surfaced. The raters scored certain candidates and criteria more leniently or harshly, and every...
Classifying User Intention and Social Support Types in Online Healthcare Discussions

With the development of online healthcare social media, a large volume of user generated content are available in different health discussion forums or groups. Healthcare social media sites could empower patients to play a substantial role in their treatment by acquiring knowledge and support through actively involving in online discussions and interactions. However, users may have difficulty to find relevant topics or peers in these online health forums with a large amount of unstructured information. Most recommendation systems rely on content-based approach to recommend peers or discussions to their participants. However, in healthcare social media sites, content-based approach is not sufficient because health consumers may have different intentions of participation or may be interest in different types of support even if the content matches their interest. Based on previous studies, we utilize Naive Bayes methods and propose two tasks for classifying posts and comments on Quit Stop forum, an online community for smoking cessation intervention, respectively: (1) classification of intentions and (2) classification of social support types. Different text feature sets and user health feature sets are selected to develop classifiers. Taking different evaluation indicators as optimizing goals, we develop genetic algorithms to combine classifiers with different feature sets and optimize the classification results. It is found that for post classification, integrating text and health features could achieve the highest precision, recall and F1 measure. For comment classification, combining different text features could reach the best result. In the future, the classification result could be applied to developing recommender systems for topic recommendation and user prediction of online health forums.
Ecological factors influencing macroinvertebrate standing crop distribution

Influence of substrate, macrophyte growth and detritus on macroinvertebrate standing crop (numbers and biomass) as well as seasonal variations in standing crop were investigated in a trout stream.
The latest stage of the German question: Pax Germanica in the new Europe

(1991). The latest stage of the German question: Pax Germanica in the new Europe. Arms Control: Vol. 12, European Security without the Soviet Union, pp. 60-76.
Imaging Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors in Brain Tumors in Rats: In vitro Binding Characteristics:

Peripheral benzodiazepine binding constants for transplanted RG-2 gliomas and HK and LK Walker 256 tumors (metastatic breast carcinoma) were determined in Wistar rats using autoradiography. In addition, Kd and Bmax parameters for peripheral benzodiazepine receptors on RG-2 tumors were directly visualized using digital image analysis of autoradiograms. High specific binding of [3H]PK11195, a selective peripheral benzodiazepine ligand, had excellent topographical correlation to areas of histologically verified tumor. Scatchard analysis suggested a single class of peripheral binding sites with similar binding affinities in RG-2 and LK Walker 256 tumors and normal cortex. Bmax was 20-fold greater in glial tumors and 11.6- and 10.6-fold greater in LK and HK Walker 256 tumors, respectively, compared to normal cortex. The location of metastatic tumors, either intracerebrally or subcutaneously, did not effect their Kd or Bmax values. Kd and Bmax values for RG-2 tumors were similar whether determined densitometric...
Investigation into the extraction speciation of rare-earth radioisotopes from aqueous solution using polyoxometalates

Abstract Lanthanides are attractive elements for many applications due to their unique magnetic and spectroscopic properties and are particularly appealing as luminescence and magnetic resonance imaging agents. The radiolanthanides possess a range of β − energies, penetration depths and half-lives that can be matched to tumor size, tumor density and the residence time of peptides and antibodies. This allows for tailor-made radiotherapeutic therapy depending on the patient. Lutetium-177 ( 177 Lu) is one such isotope. ‘Carrier-free’ productions, resulting in >99.9% of radioactive atoms, via the enrichment of ytterbium-176 ( 176 Yb) requires that the 177 Lu be separated from the Yb parent. While separation strategies do exist, they are often time consuming and require large, cumbersome solvent volumes. In this study we investigate the use of the Wells–Dawson lacunary [α 2 -P 2 W 17 O 62 ] 10− polyoxometalate ( α2 ) to bind and sequester lanthanide ions. Specifically we explore the speciation of the radiolanthanide– α2 complexes in order to tailor the separation strategies to separate neighboring lanthanides through extraction into organic solvents. Using species-specific analytical techniques ( 31 P NMR, luminescence spectroscopy and reverse phase radio-TLC) under extraction conditions, we find that solution speciation is controlled by pH and stoichiometry of Ln: α2 . Specifically at a pH of 0–1, the 1:1 Ln: α2 complexes are formed exclusively with 177 Lu and 153 Sm.
Application of a Dual Column Reaction Chromatography System for Confirmatory Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners

Abstract The present work describes the application of a dual column reaction chromatography system for congener specific analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in human serum and adipose tissue samples.
Peer assessment of professional competence

BACKGROUND Current assessment formats for medical students reliably test core knowledge and basic skills. Methods for assessing other important domains of competence, such as interpersonal skills, humanism and teamwork skills, are less well developed. This study describes the development, implementation and results of peer assessment as a measure of professional competence of medical students to be used for formative purposes. METHODS Year 2 medical students assessed the professional competence of their peers using an online assessment instrument. Fifteen randomly selected classmates were assigned to assess each student. The responses were analysed to determine the reliability and validity of the scores and to explore relationships between peer assessments and other assessment measures. RESULTS Factor analyses suggest a 2-dimensional conceptualisation of professional competence: 1 factor represents Work Habits and the other factor represents Interpersonal Habits, including respect and trustworthiness. The Work Habits factor had moderate, yet statistically significant correlations ranging from 0.21 to 0.53 with all other performance measures that were part of a comprehensive assessment of professional competence. Approximately 6 peer raters were needed to achieve a generalisability coefficient of 0.70. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that it is possible to introduce peer assessment for formative purposes in an undergraduate medical school programme that provides multiple opportunities to interact with and observe peers.
Symbolic substitution modified signed-digit optical adder.

A high-accuracy fixed-point optical adder that operates in parallel on many long words and that uses a pipelined correlator architecture is described. A symbolic substitution algorithm with the modified signed-digit number representation is used to perform fixed-point additions with limited carries. A new set of substitution rules and encodings is developed to combine the recognition and substitution steps into one correlation operation. This reduces hardware requirements, improves throughput by reducing the space–bandwidth product needed, and reduces latency (the delay between when data enter the processor and when the final output is available) by a factor of 2. This algorithm and our new modified signed-digit encodings and substitution rules improve the performance of other correlator and noncorrelator optical numeric computing architectures.
Painless giant cell thyroiditis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration and associated with intense thyroidal uptake of gallium

A 52-year-old woman presented with fever, goiter, and no evidence of pain or tenderness in the thyroid. A diagnosis of silent thyroiditis was made after obtaining evidence of biochemical thyrotoxicosis, intense gallium-67 citrate thyroidal localization, and cytologic thyroiditis. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid revealed numerous giant cells in all areas of the thyroid, typical of subacute thyroiditis. This is believed to be the first time painless thyroiditis is reported with the classic cytologic feature of painful subacute thyroiditis.
Nitrogen fertilization effects on potato leaf nutrient status

Abstract The effects of four rates of N (0, 56, 112 and 168 kg/ha) as ammonium nitrate, with and without irrigation, on potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) leaf nutritional status at tuber initiation (t.i.) and midbloom (m.b.) were evaluated. Soil test parameters (pH, and extractable Ca, Mg, K, N) were not significantly altered by N rate. In general, leaf N concentration was increased, Ca concentration decreased, and P, K and Mg concentrations were unchanged as N rate increased. Greater changes in nutrient concentrations with time were noted as soil moisture stress was reduced. Under optimal soil moisture, concentrations of all nutrients either decreased or remained the same between t.i. and m.b. Nutrient ratios, employed by the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) for evaluation of nutrient status, often exhibited significant changes between t.i. and m.b. across N rates, irrigation treatments and crop years. Diagnoses of the most limiting nutrients by DRIS indices were influenced by N rate, sam...
An effective dynamic analysis for detecting generalized deadlocks

We present an effective dynamic analysis for finding a broad class of deadlocks, including the well-studied lock-only deadlocks as well as the less-studied, but no less widespread or insidious, deadlocks involving condition variables. Our analysis consists of two stages. In the first stage, our analysis observes a multi-threaded program execution and generates a simple multi-threaded program, called a trace program, that only records operations observed during the execution that are deemed relevant to finding deadlocks. Such operations include lock acquire and release, wait and notify, thread start and join, and change of values of user-identified synchronization predicates associated with condition variables. In the second stage, our analysis uses an off-the-shelf model checker to explore all possible thread interleavings of the trace program and check if any of them deadlocks. A key advantage of our technique is that it discards most of the program logic which usually causes state-space explosion in model checking, and retains only the relevant synchronization logic in the trace program, which is sufficient for finding deadlocks. We have implemented our analysis for Java, and have applied it to twelve real-world multi-threaded Java programs. Our analysis is effective in practice, finding thirteen previously known as well as four new deadlocks.
Modified speech element of Fast ForWord-Language not shown to be value-added for improving phonemic awareness or reading skills in primary-grade students with language impairments and concurrent reading difficulties

Abstracted from: Loeb, D. F., Gillam, R. B., Hoffman, L., Brandel, J., & Marquis, J. (2009). The effects of Fast ForWord Language on the phonemic awareness and reading skills of school-age children with language impairments and poor reading skills. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 18, 376–387. Source of funding and disclosure of interest: This study was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants U01 DC04560 and P30 HD02528 as well as the Kansas Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, BNCD, P30 DC005803; the original authors of this research report no conflicts of interest.
Autopoietic companions and correctness helpers

Ultra large scale systems and multicore processors are part of the future - how are they related? ULS systems are almost impossible to build. Beyond human comprehension, such systems drive us crazy as many of our most treasured principles and aspirations turn out in them to be but tinfoil. Conventional wisdom tells us that multicore processor chips will save us from the apparent demise of Moore's Law, and going fast will be in again - if only we can figure out how to program parallel systems easily and well. But while we're in the mood to throw out established truths, why not throw out that one too? Instead of using all those cores to run programs fast, why not use them to keep our ultra large scale systems running in good health and correctly?
Restless legs syndrome.

The clinical features of restless legs syndrome (RLS) include an urge to move the legs often associated with dysesthesia and motor restlessness. The symptoms occur or worsen at rest (eg, sitting, lying down) and are partially or completely relieved with action. The main clinical effect of RLS is to prolong sleep latency. Periodic limb movements in sleep consist of rhythmic extension of the big toe and dorsiflexion of the ankle occasionally accompanied by knee and hip flexion and occurring approximately every 20 to 40 seconds. Similar movements can occur while awake, termed periodic limb movements while awake. Periodic limb movements may be associated with arousals or awakenings and may cause fragmented sleep. Sleep fragmentation and prolonged sleep latency may result in nocturnal sleep deprivation, leading to excessive daytime somnolence that can significantly affect the patient's quality of life.
Phosphorus and metals bound to organic matter in coastal sediments - An investigation of complexes of P, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Co and Ti by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry with sephadex gel chromatography

Abstract Phosphorus and metals bound to organic matter were separated from coastal sediments of Harima Sound in Seto Inland Sea, Japan by extraction with NaOH and fractionated by Sephadex G-25 chromatography. Phosphorus and metals were determined in the eluates by a multi-channel, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer. Phosphorus and Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Co and Ti bound to organic matter with high molecular weights (OMHMW) (MW ⩾ 5000) were found to be present in the sediments, but no Mo or V were found. The technique provides minimum estimates of the amounts of P and metals bound to organic matter. These organic complexes show surface enrichment in a sediment core (0–20 cm) and their contents decrease with depth. Also, the amounts of eighteen elements, namely: P, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Si, Al, Ti, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, Mo, V, Na, K, Ca and Mg, in H 2 O, ammonium acetate at pH 7 and 5, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and hydrogen fluoric acid soluble fractions have been determined with a selective chemical leaching technique for the 210 Pb-dated sediment core sample. Considerable amounts of P (6–19%) and Cu (5–21%) were associated with organic matter, in contrast to other metals such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr, Co and Ti which were associated with sulfide and silicate.
Shared or conflicting working models? Relationships in postdivorce families seen through the eyes of mothers and their preschool children.

Marvin and Stewart and Byng–Hall proposed that effective family collaboration requires family members to construct “shared family working models,” and that the renegotiation of these working models during family transitions is facilitated by family members' “interactional awareness” (ability to be perceptive observers of family relationships). We apply these constructs to data collected from 71 mothers and their 4.5- to 5.0-year-old preschool children, 2 years after parental divorce. Maternal representations of the father as coparent and ex-spouse, and of father– and mother–child relationships were assessed via two interviews. A family story completion task captured child representations of mother–child and father–child, coparental and ex-spousal interactions. Maternal accounts of mother–child conversations illustrated the negotiation of shared working models. Primarily qualitative analyses contrasting maternal and child perspectives are presented in the first section. Then we use regression analyses to predict children's story themes from maternal representations of flexible, sensitive, and effective discipline-related interactions; maternal depressive symptoms; and perception of the child's father. Finally, we identify gender differences in children's enactments of divorce-related and child-empathy themes. We conclude by considering how our findings could be used to assist postdivorce families in constructing shared rather than conflicting working models of family relations.This research was funded by Grant R01 HD267766 awarded to the first author by the NICHD. Additional support was received from the University of Wisconsin Graduate School Research Committee, the Waisman Center, and the Vilas Trust. We express our deep appreciation to the mothers and children who participated in this study. We also thank Barbara Golby, Angel Gullon–Rivera, Patti Herman, Chris Halvorsen, Vicky Lenzlinger, Kristine Munholland, Reghan Walsh, and Laura Winn for assisting with data collection and analysis and acknowledge helpful advice from John Byng–Hall, Robert Emery, Paul Amato, and Daniel Veroff.
Deficiency of androgen receptors in male pseudohermaphroditism

A diagnosis of androgen receptor deficiency was made in a male with ambiguous genitalia during the neonatal period. Since the neonate had a small hypospadiac phallus with laboratory evidence of a receptor deficiency and clinical unresponsiveness to high levels of androgen, it was decided to assign a female gender. Bilateral orchiectomy and phallic recession were performed.
Regenerating periodontal support: a comparison of today's procedures

Today's practice of periodontology focuses not only on stopping the progression of periodontal diseases but also on regenerating lost periodontal supporting structures. The use of guided tissue regeneration and bone grafting techniques may enable clinicians to save teeth that previously would have been lost. Thanks to technological advances in the production of growth factors, the future of reconstructing lost support holds even greater promise.
Thickness determination for silicon-on-insulator structures

Optical interference at the interfaces of a silicon-on-insulator structure has been used for rapid, nondestructive determination of the silicon and oxide layer thicknesses. The technique is useful for determining the layer thicknesses for wafers in which devices and circuits are subsequently fabricated, especially for very thin silicon films in which the device characteristics depend strongly on the silicon thickness.
Estrogen Receptors in Different Target Tissues: Similarities of Form-Dissimilarities of Transformation11

The time-related uptake, retention and intracellular distribution of estrogen by different target tissues of the intact immature female rat were studied. The eytoplasmic compartment of the uterus, hypothalamus and pituitary was shown to have a primary hormone receptor complex sedimenting as 8S by sucrose density gradient analysis. Nuclear extracts from all three target tissues contained two forms of estrogen receptor complex; a 5–6S form and a more slowly sedimenting 4S species. The heavier nuclear form accumulated subsequent to the 4S complex in a time-dependent manner which differed according to target tissue. The observed intranuclear differences in properties of the estrogen receptor system may be related to the physiologic responses which characterize dissimilar estrogen target tissues. The tissue content of such serum estrogen-binding proteins as α1-fetoprotein and albumin were also determined. The observed levels were evaluated as possible factors in tissue estrogen retention.
"All Is Revolution in Us": Personal Identity in Shaftesbury and Hume

Dans le cadre du debat sur le probleme ethique ou metaphysique de l'identite personnelle au XVIII e siecle, l'A. propose une nouvelle interpretation de la critique des jugements d'identites et de la simplicite developpee par Hume dans l'Appendice du «Traite de la nature humaine».
Syntheses of Phencyclone Analogues. Applications for NMR Studies of Hindered Rotations and Magnetic Anisotropy in Crowded Diels–Alder Adducts

Undergraduate organic chemistry special laboratory projects based upon the synthesis of phencyclone, 1 (a potent Diels-Alder diene), and the preparation of a series of highly hindered Diels-Alder adducts of the phencyclone, were described earlier. Details of the synthesis of an analogue of 1 are presented here as an extension of these projects. The analogue, 3,6-dibromophencyclone, 2, and adducts from a wide range of dienophiles, can be prepared by undergraduate organic chemistry students. These adducts (from 1 or 2) are eminently suitable for student characterization by NMR to examine aspects of hindered rotation, magnetic anisotropy, and dynamic NMR spectroscopy, using modern one- and two-dimensional multinuclear methods with a medium-field instrument (7 T), to observe 1H, 13C, and 19F. Use of 2 effectively doubles the range of potential target compounds for students. The Diels-Alder adducts (and their precursors) have been studied by molecular modeling methods. This present paper describes the reaction of 2 with 4, the dienophile N-(4-dimethylamino-3,5-dinitrophenyl)maleimide (“Tuppy’s maleimide”), to form the adduct 5. Compound 5 has been well-characterized by 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR, and is illustrative of the wide range of adducts that can be made from 2 by students. The structure of 5, as determined by geometry optimization at the semiempirical (AM-1) level, is included here.
Comparison of intravenous dilevalol with placebo in moderate hypertension

Dilevalol, an agent that combines nonselective beta-blocking and beta 2-mediated vasodilating properties, was compared with placebo in 16 subjects with moderate hypertension in a double-blind crossover study. Dilevalol or a placebo was administered intravenously in bolus injections of 25, 50, and 50 mg at 15-minute intervals. Fifteen minutes after a cumulative dose of 125 mg, the blood pressure was lowered by 11/9 mm Hg, compared with 2/1 mm Hg after placebo (p less than 0.01 between groups for systolic and diastolic blood pressure), an effect that persisted for at least 105 minutes. Standing systolic blood pressure was also lowered in dilevalol-treated patients without orthostatic symptoms. No significant effects on heart rate were noted. Fifteen minutes after the last dose of dilevalol, plasma norepinephrine levels increased from a baseline of 200 +/- 24 to 495 +/- 44 pg/ml (p less than 0.01), compared with a nonsignificant rise from 262 +/- 21 to 306 +/- 28 pg/ml with placebo vehicle. Dilevalol also increased alpha-human atrial natriuretic factor by 5.4 pg/ml, compared with 0.5 pg/ml after placebo (p less than 0.01 between groups). Plasma renin activity and plasma epinephrine, aldosterone, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels were unchanged by dilevalol. There were no significant adverse effects with dilevalol administration. Compared with placebo, dilevalol given intravenously appears to be safe and effective antihypertensive treatment.
Postweld electrotransport treatment

Hydrogen damage susceptibility of high-strength steel weldments and in other advanced materials, such as intermetallics, is a problem that restricts their application in many structural uses. A high-temperature (~500 °C) postweld treatment is often applied to remove the diffusible hydrogen and make the material more resistant to hydrogen damage. An electrotransport technique, using a direct current, can be applied at room temperature to move hydrogen from the underbead region, which is crack susceptible. The method has been used to electrorefine many metals and alloys containing both interstitial and substitu-tional solutes. This paper reviews the electrotransport theory and applies it to estimate the time of electrotransport treatment for lowering the hydrogen content from the underbead region by 50%. Thus, this theoretical work forms the basis for developing a new practice and provides sample calculations. Under a combined influence of the diffusional and electrotransport at room temperature using an electric field of 0.10 V/cm, ~30 min is required to remove 50% of the hydrogen from a starting concentration of 5 ppm. Theoretically, the treatment will also generate a heat of 0.95 kcal/s, which may not cause an excessive temperature increase in the workpiece. The electrotransport technique thus has the potential for a low-cost, low-temperature practice for mitigating hydrogen damage susceptibility.
Characterization of angiotensin II binding sites on neuroblastoma × glioma hybrid cells

Abstract Mouse neuroblastoma×rat glioma hybrid cells, NG108-15, have recently been shown to contain immunoreactive angiotensin II (AII). In the present study, we have examined this hybrid cell line for the presence of specific AII binding sites using [ 125 I] AII. Specific AII binding was saturable and reversible. Scatchard analysis revealed a linear plot with an affinity constant (K d ) of 0.323 nM and a binding capacity (B max ) of 7.13 fmol/mg protein. Kinetic studies demonstrated an association rate constant (K +1 ) of 3.55 × 10 6 M −1 sec −1 and a dissociation rate constant (K −1 ) of 4.18× 10 −4 sec −1 . Displacement curves, using concentrations of 10 −11 M to 10 −4 M of unlabeled AII, revealed high and low affinity components of the AII binding site with IC 50's of 0.46 nM and 1.75 μm respectively. The AII antagonist, saralasin, had approximately equal potency with unlabeled AII at the high affinity site. Furthermore, structurally related and unrelated peptides had no significant inhibitory effect on AII binding. This study demonstrates that specific AII binding sites are present on NG108-15 cells, and that these binding sites are similar in kinetic character to the AII receptor that has been previously identified in membranes from mammalian brain. It is concluded that the NG108-15 hybrid cells may provide a useful continuous cell line model for investigating both the biochemical and molecular properites of the AII binding site.
Changes in cold hardiness of introduced and native interior Alaskan evergreens in relation to water and lipid content during spring dehardening

Needle hardiness of introduced yellow pine, Pinus banksiana Lamb., lodgepole pine, P. contorta Dougl, and native white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, were assessed by the effective prefreezing temperature method. Yellow pine needles were less hardy than lodgepole pine or white spruce needles in Alaska on each date measured. Although hardiness decreased in springtime in all species, decreases in hardiness in yellow pine began before temperatures were above −20°C, apparently in response to day length, while decreases in hardiness in lodgepole pine and white spruce began only when mean temperatures were above 0°C. Hardiness was increased by decreasing the water content of yellow pine and spruce needles. However, only the latter increased its field hardiness by decreased water contents, and only to a small degree. Large decreases in phospholipid occurred during the dehardening period, indicating the presence of major membrane-associated changes. However, changes in hardiness did not closely parallel those in phospholipid; hardiness decreased before phospholipid did in spruce and after phospholipid did in lodgepole pine. In yellow pine, changes in hardiness were more closely related to changes in phospholipid content. Decreases in phospholipid appeared to be correlated with the day length in all species.
A Review of “Couples, Gender, and Power: Creating Change in Intimate Relationships”

In this text, Knudson-Martin and Mahoney explore 25 years of research on gender and power in relationships, providing a framework for couple therapists and other mental health professionals. As the...
Comparing Americans' Political Information in 1988 and 1992

Although Americans were more active in the 1992 campaign and felt they were better informed than they had been in 1988, National Election Studies (NES) data from both years show that Americans were not substantially more knowledgeable. Two-stage-least-squares equations estimated on the 1988 and 1992 NES show that the processes of becoming informed were the same in both years. These analyses show, once again, the intractability of political ignorance in mass publics.
Myxedema ascites: report of two cases.

Abstract Two cases of myxedema ascites are reported. Both patients had had previous congestive heart failure, but at the time of appearance of the ascites, they were found to have normal venous pressures, normal liver function tests, ascitic fluid with a high total protein content, cardiac silhouettes suggestive of pericardial effusion, and definite hypothyroidism. In both instances, a careful search was made for cardiac and intra-abdominal causes of ascites, and none could be found. One patient experienced dramatic improvement in his general condition and complete disappearance of his ascites on thyroid medication. The second exhibited a decrease in the accumulation of peritoneal fluid, but died before optimal therapy had been attained. A needle biopsy of the liver in the second patient revealed no abnormalities. The pathogenesis of ascites in cases of myxedema remains unclear, but does not appear to be related to the hemodynamic consequences of pericardial effusion and/or elevation of the venous pressure. It is evident from clinical and hemodynamic studies of the so-called “myxedema heart”, that even when free fluid is present in the pericardial, pleural, or peritoneal spaces, congestive heart failure, as it is customarily understood, rarely exists. Myxedema ascites, although rare, is easily and totally reversible with appropriate thyroid therapy.
Non-surgical treatment of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary metastases

Studies have demonstrated that chemotherapy alone is usually unsuccessful as exclusive therapy for osteosarcoma (Cancer 95:2202–2201, 2002). Information will be presented for situations where non-surgical alternatives could be considered as useful, if not necessary, adjuncts to chemotherapy. In the thorax these include treatment of pleural effusions, chest wall lesions, central lung or mediastinal osteosarcoma, as well as recurrences in patients with limited pulmonary reserve. Other situations include too many metastases to easily resect, axial osteosarcomas, bone metastases, liver and brain metastases.
Replacement of α-tocopherol by β-tocopherol enhances resistance to photooxidative stress in a xanthophyll-deficient strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Tocopherols (vitamin E) comprise a class of lipid-soluble antioxidants synthesized only in plants, algae, and some cyanobacteria. The majority of tocopherols in photosynthetic cells is in the α form, which has the highest vitamin E activity in humans, whereas the β, γ, and δ forms normally account for a small percentage of total tocopherols. The antioxidant activities of these forms of tocopherol differ depending on the experimental system, and their relative activities in vivo are unclear. In a screen for suppressors of the xanthophyll-deficient npq1 lor1 double mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we isolated a vte3 mutant lacking α-tocopherol but instead accumulating β-tocopherol. The vte3 mutant contains a mutation in the homolog of a 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase gene found in plants. The vte3 npq1 lor1 triple mutant with β-tocopherol survived better under photooxidative stress than did the npq1 lor1 mutant, but the vte3 mutant on its own did not have an obvious phenotype. Following transfer from low light to high light, the triple mutant showed a higher efficiency of photosystem II, a higher level of cell viability, and a lower level of lipid peroxide, a marker for oxidative stress, than did the npq1 lor1 mutant. After high-light transfer, the level of the photosystem II reaction center protein, D1, was also higher in the vte3 npq1 lor1 mutant, but the rate of D1 photodamage was not significantly different from that of the npq1 lor1 mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that the replacement of α-tocopherol by β-tocopherol in a xanthophyll-deficient strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contributes to better survival under conditions of photooxidative stress.
A Comparative Study of Nonwoven Fabrics Made With two Distinctly Different Forms of Greige Cotton Lint

Two sets of nonwoven fabrics of nominal density, 80 g/m2, have been produced on the pilot plant equipment comparable to that used in commercial production, using two different forms of greige (non-...
Kernel functions for robust 3D surface registration with spectral embeddings

Registration of 3D surfaces is a critical step for shape analysis. Recent studies show that spectral representations based on intrinsic pairwise geodesic distances between points on surfaces are effective for registration and alignment due to their invariance under rigid transformations and articulations. Kernel functions are often applied to the pairwise geodesic distances to make the registration process based on spectral embedding robust to elastic deformations. The Gaussian kernel is most commonly used, but the effect of the choice of the kernel function has not been studied in the previous works. In this paper, we compare the results obtained with several different choices and show empirically that significant improvements can be achieved in shape registration with appropriate choices.