cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Letter to Mom During CPE

This article is a fictional letter. A seminarian writes to his mother during his Clinical Pastoral Education internship at a mental hospital, and the letter raises a number of issues, including the nature of the Bible, the essence of salvation (and Hell), the role of evangelism, and the sexual dynamics of the counseling relationship. William James’s The Varieties of Religious Experience is mentioned, and cultural questions regarding psychology are raised. There are other avenues to be explored, but the reader might start by reflecting on the issues noted.
Hydrophobic zeolite-silicone rubber mixed matrix membranes for ethanol-water separation: Effect of zeolite and silicone component selection on pervaporation performance

Abstract High-silica ZSM-5 zeolites were incorporated into poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) polymers to form mixed matrix membranes for ethanol removal from water via pervaporation. Membrane formulation and preparation parameters were varied to determine the effect on pervaporation performance including siloxane chain length, crosslinking agent concentration and density of reactive groups, catalyst level, solvent type, zeolite type and loading, mixing method, and presence of a porous support membrane. Uniform dispersion of zeolite was critical to the achievement of reproducible results and ultrasonication with a probe-type device was found to be effective at particle dispersal. Properties of the vinyl-terminated PDMS and methyl-hydride crosslinking agents in the polymer system had a limited effect on performance while zeolite loading had the greatest effect. The highest observed selectivity of 3.0 was observed with 65 wt% zeolite loading, the highest practicable loading for the polymer system studied. The current results are placed in the context of ZSM-5/PDMS mixed matrix membranes previously reported in the literature for ethanol–water separation.
Marsilea vestita: Conversion of the Water Form to the Land Form by Darkness and by Far-Red Light

A period in darkness or in continuous far-red light can cause the ferns of the species Marsilea vestita Hook. and Grev. to develop as a land form in a medium which normally allows only the water form to develop. Far-red light is more effective than darkness in causing this conversion. The difference in the quality of light reaching plants growing in water or on land may cause this conversion to occur in nature.
Potential applications of remote sensing techniques for the study of marine oil pollution

Abstract The detection and measurement of oil pollution in the marine environment are procedures requiring a broad range of instrumentation capabilities within an equally broad range of environmental conditions. Due to the complex behavior of oil on water, its susceptibility to transport and modification forces, and the physiochemical anomalies associated with its presence, both aerial and surface sensors are necessary to establish a complete and effective monitoring system. Remote sensors, operating in the ultraviolet, thermal infrared, and microwave portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, exhibit potentially good oil detection capabilities. Radar, in particular, possesses a strong capability for the mapping of an oil slick's areal extent since it is operative even under adverse weather conditions, day or night. Since no remote sensor system is presently capable of providing accurate information on the type or thickness of an oil slick, surface-based mechanisms must be utilized to gather ground truth data. These measurements, including the collection of radiometric, meteorological, and oceanographic information, are essential for a comparative analysis of remotely sensed data and their interpretation. More research is needed in the realm of remote sensing and ground truth data collection systems, including their coordination, if an operationally feasible system for monitoring marine oil pollution is to be developed.
Progression of Segment-Specific Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Young Adults (from the Bogalusa Heart Study)

Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) progression is predictive of future cardiovascular events in middle-age and older adults. However, information is scant on segment-specific CIMT progression by race (black vs white) and gender and its predictors during short-term follow-up in asymptomatic young adults. B-mode ultrasound images of the far walls of both carotid arteries were obtained in 842 subjects aged 24 to 43 years and enrolled in the Bogalusa Heart Study (70% whites and 42% men). The CIMT and cardiometabolic risk variables were measured at baseline and after an average of 2.4 years. The mean CIMT progression rates/year adjusted for age, race, and gender were greatest at the bulb, followed by the internal and common carotid segments (p <0.0001). In a multivariate logistic model, age, mean arterial pressure, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly associated with common CIMT progression. Smoking, age, insulin resistance index, and mean arterial pressure were significantly associated with bulb CIMT progression; and the waist/height ratio, smoking, age, and mean arterial pressure were significantly associated with internal CIMT progression, independent of the baseline CIMT and traditional cardiometabolic risk variables, including adiponectin, C-reactive protein, and intercellular adhesion molecules. In addition, the status of progression was associated with a greater prevalence of metabolic syndrome (common and internal CIMT, p <0.05; bulb CIMT, p <0.0001) and diabetes (bulb CIMT only, p <0.001). In conclusion, in younger adults, the magnitude of progression of CIMT within a short period varied in a segment-specific manner, regardless of race or gender, and was predictable using modifiable traditional risk factors. This could have implications for preventive and interventional cardiology.
Design and Analysis of Closed-Loop Capacity Control for a Multi-Workstation Production System

In this paper, a model is described that represents the dynamics of a multi-workstation production system that incorporates closed-loop production planning and control. The model is used to predict the response of the production system to work disturbances and the propagation of disturbances through the system. Capacity control designs are evaluated with respect to their removal of the effects of work disturbances and response to changing capacity demands in upstream workstations. Methods of control engineering are used to make the analysis tractable, as well as improve understanding and control of complex dynamic behavior.
Computer-aided indexing of transmission electron diffraction patterns

This paper demonstrates that computer-aided indexing and orientation determination of transmission electron diffraction patterns is possible. For the particular examples considered in this investigation, the second-phase particle electron diffraction patterns are apparently those of the orthorhombic iron carbide, Fe3C. The uniqueness of this approach arises primarily from the fact that the tedious task of routine, manual indexing is avoided and any degree of accuracy for position and angle error of the diffraction spots is on demand by the operator. In addition, the program considers all possible alternative diffraction pattern orientations which might be overlooked if conventional indexing methods are used.
Recognizing cutaneous drug eruptions. Reaction patterns provide clues to causes.

PREVIEWConsidering the thousands of drugs prescribed every day and the large number of over-the-counter drugs available to patients, it is not surprising that cutaneous drug eruptions are a significant problem. In this review, Drs Daoud, Schanbacher, and Dicken focus on recognition of drug reactions, analysis of the history of drug exposure, confirmation of the diagnosis, and identification of clinical entities that require dermatologic consultation.
Passive Properties of Single Skeletal Muscle Fibers are Altered in Heart Failure Patients

We previously demonstrated that myosin heavy chain (MHC) content is decreased in skeletal muscle fibers from heart failure patients, thereby altering Ca2+-activated (pCa 4.5) contractile properties. In this study, we examined chemically-skinned, single human skeletal muscle fibers under relaxed conditions (low [Ca2+], pCa 8) using small amplitude sinusoidal analysis to determine whether the loss of MHC content affects their viscoelastic properties. We obtained vastus lateralis (quadriceps) muscle from needle biopsies of 9 patients and 5 sedentary controls. Surprisingly, Type I (slow twitch) and Type IIA (fast twitch) fibers produced slight but significant positive oscillatory work under relaxed conditions at 25°C, indicating the presence of cross-bridge cycling. This positive oscillatory work persisted when [Ca2+]levels were lowered even further (to pCa 9). Addition of 40 mM 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) or 100 μM blebbistatin, inhibitors of skeletal muscle myosin ATPase, to a subset of Type I and IIA fibers eliminated their positive work output and reduced their high frequency elastic and viscous moduli. Type I fibers from heart failure patients had lower isometric tensions as well as lower elastic and viscous moduli compared to controls; whereas, Type IIA fibers from patients had tension values similar to controls, while the frequency of maximum work output (an indicator of myosin kinetics) was greater. Taken together, these results demonstrate that cross-bridges contribute to the viscoelastic properties of human skeletal muscle in the ‘relaxed’ state (low intracellular [Ca2+]) and that cycling myosin heads may contribute to resting muscle tone. As under Ca2+-activated conditions, heart failure affects relaxed muscle properties differentially depending upon fiber type. Decreased resting muscle tone in heart failure patients may decrease postural stability and contribute to a reduced ability to perform activities of daily living.
Adolescents' Physical Aggression Toward Parents in a Clinic-Referred Sample

Physical aggression directed toward parents by their adolescents is a serious issue both practically and scientifically. In contrast to the extensive literature on other forms of aggression within families (e.g., marital violence, child physical abuse) as well as youth aggression construed broadly, a major gap exists in our knowledge of youth-to-parent physical aggression (YPA). In this study, we analyzed data on three forms of physical aggression (YPA, interparental, and parent-to-youth) from 232 mother–adolescent dyads drawn from a database of families referred for the clinical treatment of emotional and behavioral problems in their adolescent children. Analyses indicated that YPA is prevalent (57% by sons and 49% by daughters in 1 year) and significantly likely to co-occur with interparental and parent-to-youth aggression in the family. Follow-up analyses suggested important sex differences in these relations.
THE USE OF SILICON HEAVY ION DETECTORS IN HIGH RADIATION FIELDS.

Abstract Techniques have been developed to permit measurements of fission fragment energies with Si detectors in the presence of a thermal neutron flux of 1011 n/cm2·sec and associated radiations.
Coordination of Rho and Rac GTPase function via p190B RhoGAP

The Rac GTPase regulates Rho signaling in a broad range of physiological settings and in oncogenic transformation [1-3]. Here, we report a novel mechanism by which crosstalk between Rac and Rho GTPases is achieved. Activated Rac1 binds directly to p190B Rho GTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP), a major modulator of Rho signaling. p190B colocalizes with constitutively active Rac1 in membrane ruffles. Moreover, activated Rac1 is sufficient to recruit p190B into a detergent-insoluble membrane fraction, a process that is accompanied by a decrease in GTP-bound RhoA from membranes. p190B is recruited to the plasma membrane in response to integrin engagement [4]. We demonstrate that collagen type I, a potent inducer of Rac1-dependent cell motility in HeLa cells, counteracts cytoskeletal collapse resulting from overexpression of wild-type p190B, but not that resulting from overexpression of a p190B mutant specifically lacking the Rac1-binding sequence. Furthermore, this p190B mutant exhibits dramatically enhanced RhoGAP activity, consistent with a model whereby binding of Rac1 relieves autoinhibition of p190B RhoGAP function. Collectively, these observations establish that activated Rac1, through direct interaction with p190B, modulates subcellular RhoGAP localization and activity, thereby providing a novel mechanism for Rac control of Rho signaling in a broad range of physiological processes.
Low-temperature electrical and thermal resistivities of potassium: Deviations from Matthiessen's rule

The low-temperature electrical and thermal resistivities of potassium are calculated as functions of temperature and impurity concentration. Realistic phonon spectra are used for computing the electronphonon interaction. The variational calculation of the transport coefficients employs a trial distribution function which contains a nontrivial dependence on both the energy and the angular coordinates, so that deviations from Matthiessen's rule (DMR) in the electrical resistivity may be calculated to better accuracy than previously possible. Both the energy and the angular dependence are found to be relevant for the electrical resistivity, and the improved calculation gives good agreement with the experimentally observed DMR. For the thermal resistivity our results agree with previous ones; the angular dependence is found to be unimportant, and as a result we obtain essentially no improvement over calculations which use energy-dependent trial functions. The lack of agreement with the observed DMR in the thermal case tends to confirm the earlier conclusion that another mechanism is involved.
Norms for patents concerning human and other life forms.

The rationale of patents on transgenic organisms leads to the startling notion of the human qua infringement. The moral reasons by which we may tenably reject such notion are not conclusive as to human life forms outside the body. A close look at recombinant DNA experimentation reveals ingenious processes, but not entities that the body lacks. Except for artificial genes, the genes of biotechnology are found on chromosomes, albeit nonconsecutively, and their uninterrupted transcripts appear in messenger RNA. An enhanced form of protection for ingenious processes, the “human methods patent,” is proposed and defended as a replacement for product patents. The proposed patent would pertain to biotechnology manufacturing and genetic intervention in somatic and germ cells. A counterpart could govern nonhuman life forms. It is argued that compulsory licensing protections should be a condition of such patent. Contrary to the conservative assumption that statutory sobriquets suffice, the reckoning of what qualifies as a patentable ingenious process will continue to require systematic scientific guidance.
South Dakota public documents: Report of a study

Abstract The Interim Public Documents Study Commission was given the charge of initiating and completing a comprehensive study of all phases of the publication and distribution of South Dakota Public documents. The commission determined in its study that lack of a clear understanding of what constitutes a public documents, lack of standardization in the publication of state documents, confusion in the states laws regarding the printing and distribution of these documents, and the lack of a depository system were key problems in the publication and dissemination of South Dakota state documents. Recommendation for correcting these deficiencies were made in the report, which was submitted to the Forty-eight Legislative Assembly of the State of South Dakota, with major emphasis being given to the establishment of a depository system within the South Dakota State Library. The author, director of libraries at the University of South Dakota, served as chairman of the Interim Public Documents Study Commission.
Correlation of behavioral and neurochemical effects of d‐ and l‐amphetamines

In an attempt to correlate the behavioral and neurochemical effects of d- and l-amphetamines, the time courses of the effects of the two isomers (1 mg/kg; base, i.p.) were studied on spontaneous motor activity (SMA) and stereotyped behavior (ST) as well as on the concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT) in discrete brain areas, such as the caudate nucleus (CN), pons-medulla (PM), and diencephalonmidbrain (DM) in rats. In addition, the dose-response relationship for d-isomer (0.5–2 mg/kg, i.p.) and l-isomer (1–4 mg/kg, i.p.) was also studied on SMA and ST. SMA increased with the dose up to 1.5 mg/kg for d-isomer and up to 3 mg/kg for l-isomer and then decreased, whereas ST increased with the dose for both the isomers. At 1 mg/kg dose, SMA reached its peak during the fourth postdrug 20–minute period for both d- and l-isomers, whereas ST reached its peak during third to fifth 20-minute periods for d-isomer and during the third period for the l-isomer. The d-isomer significantly increased the DA levels in the CN and DM at 30 minutes postdrug, which reached their maximum at 60 minutes, whereas NE levels in the PM had no significant change at 30 minutes, but were significantly reduced in the DM at 30 minutes and in both PM and DM at 60 minutes postdrug; 5-HT levels in the PM and DM showed no significant change. Compared to d-amphetamine, the l-isomer at 30 and 60 minutes postdrug caused more or less similar changes in the NE levels in the DM and PM, whereas it produced less increase in the DA levels in the CN and DM and significant decrease in 5-HT levels in the DM and PM. It appears that the difference in the behavioral effects induced by the two isomers of amphetamine may be due to the difference in their effects on dopaminergic and serotonergic systems.
Proteomic approaches to the analysis of multiprotein signaling complexes

Signal transduction is one of the most active fields in modern biomedical research. Increasing evidence has shown that signaling proteins associate with each other in characteristic ways to form large signaling complexes. These diverse structures operate to boost signaling efficiency, ensure specificity and increase sensitivity of the biochemical circuitry. Traditional methods of protein analysis are inadequate to fully characterize and understand these structures, which are intricate, contain many components and are highly dynamic. Instead, proteomics technologies are currently being applied to investigate the nature and composition of multimeric signaling complexes. This review presents commonly used and potential proteomic methods of analyzing diverse protein complexes along with a discussion and a brief evaluation of alternative approaches. Challenges associated with proteomic analysis of signaling complexes are also discussed.
Laser-induced damage threshold comparison of reactive low voltage ion plated and e-beam coatings

Single layer coatings of hafnia are included with results obtained with titania, tantala, zirconia and silica. These coatings were deposited by a reactive low voltage ion plating (RLVIP) and conventional reactive e-beam process. Layer thicknesses were optically a A14at 532 nm. The RMS surface roughness changes between the uncoated and coated were on the sub-angstrom level. The spectral transmittance curves demonstrated the material thickness homogeneity aspect of the RLVIP process. Laser damage thresholds were made from high peak power (1.06 .tm and 0.532 jim, 10 ns) and high average power (511 nm and 578 nm) laser damage test facilities. Given a set of coatings from one process, the damage thresholds tended to increase as the refractive index decreased. The e-beam silica coating had the highest damage threshold, exceeding 98 J/cm2 (1.06 jtm, 10 ns, 10 Hz). In addition, the surface absorption and refractive indices of the coatings were measured, and the X-ray diffraction patterns of the hafnia coatings made.
Rethinking Nutritional Support for Persons with Cancer Cachexia

Cancer cachexia is a poorly understood syndrome of anorexia, weight loss, and muscle wasting that negatively impacts quality of life and survival in cancer patients. Research has clearly implicated pro-inflammatory cytokines in the biology of cancer cachexia. More recent research implicates products of arachidonic acid and suggests that cachexia may be a chronic inflammatory condition rather than a nutritional aberration. To date, nutritional support to slow weight loss has focused primarily on increasing calorie intake. Alternatively, many foods contain factors that can modulate the synthesis or activity of pro-inflammatory mediators, especially the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 from arachidonic acid. These factors and foods are sometimes called nutraceuticals, and research is needed to evaluate their efficacy in combating cancer cachexia.
Planarity Testing of Doubly Periodic Infinite Graphs

This paper describes an efficient way to test the VAP-free (Vertex Accumulation Point free) planarity of one- and two-dimensional dynamic graphs. Dynamic graphs are infinite graphs consisting of an infinite number of basic cells connected regularly according to labels in a finite graph called a sraric graph. Dynamic graphs arize in the design of highly regular VLSI circuits, such as systolic arrays and digital signal processing chips. We show that VAP-free planarity testing of dynamic graphs can be done efficiently by making use of their regularity. First, we will establish necessary conditions for VAP-free planarity of dynamic graphs. Then we show the existence of a small finite graph which is planar if and only if the original dynamic graph is VAP-free planar. From this it follows that VAP-free planarity testing of one- and twodimensional dynamic graphs is asymptomically no more difficult than planarity testing of finite graphs, and thus can be done in linear time.
The Construct Validity of Three Self-Report Instruments Hypothesized to Measure the Degree of Resolution for Each of the First Six Stage Crises in Erikson's Developmental Theory of Personality:

For a sample of 160 university students (56 males and 104 females) the major purpose of this study was to obtain evidence for the construct validity of each of three self-report inventories that ha...
AIDS Education in the Schools A Literature Review as a Guide for Curriculum Planning

As plans for massive public AIDS education grow, pediatricians will become increasingly involved with school systems as consultants and leaders. A review of relevant literature on students' current level of knowledge about AIDS and on educational efforts to date with high-risk groups (homosexuals and intravenous drug users) provides the rationale for school-based AIDS education. Literature describing the approaches used and the impact of programs for sex education, drug abuse prevention, and reduction of prejudice towards the disabled is reviewed to extrapolate that which applies to AIDS education. Important developmental characteristics of adolescents are discussed insofar as they have implications for the planning of AIDS curricula.
A Systematic Assessment of MHC Class II Peptide Binding Predictions and Evaluation of a Consensus Approach

The identification of MHC class II restricted peptide epitopes is an important goal in immunological research. A number of computational tools have been developed for this purpose, but there is a lack of large-scale systematic evaluation of their performance. Herein, we used a comprehensive dataset consisting of more than 10,000 previously unpublished MHC-peptide binding affinities, 29 peptide/MHC crystal structures, and 664 peptides experimentally tested for CD4+ T cell responses to systematically evaluate the performances of publicly available MHC class II binding prediction tools. While in selected instances the best tools were associated with AUC values up to 0.86, in general, class II predictions did not perform as well as historically noted for class I predictions. It appears that the ability of MHC class II molecules to bind variable length peptides, which requires the correct assignment of peptide binding cores, is a critical factor limiting the performance of existing prediction tools. To improve performance, we implemented a consensus prediction approach that combines methods with top performances. We show that this consensus approach achieved best overall performance. Finally, we make the large datasets used publicly available as a benchmark to facilitate further development of MHC class II binding peptide prediction methods.
CONGEALING OIL: INVENTING IDEOLOGIES TO JUSTIFY ACTING IDEOLOGIES OUT

Studies of organizations in crisis show how forcefully and universally ideologies affect organizations, and life in general. Under the influence of societal and organizational ideologies, quite normal organizations manufacture crises for themselves, and then escape or succumb, depending on which ideologies dominate. Yet organization theorists have paid little attention to the ideological elements in organizations—apparently because of misguided perceptions that objectively measurable phenomena are more real or more important. Organization theorists have carried out numerous studies of so-called objective phenomena, and their aggregate finding is that almost nothing correlates strongly and consistently with anything else. This null finding fits the hypothesis that organizational structures and technologies are primarily arbitrary, temporary, and superficial characteristics. These characteristics are determined by complex interactions among ideologies- although determined may be an inappropriate description because people acting under the influence of ideologies perceive that they are choosing freely. Ideologies are logically integrated clusters of beliefs, values, rituals, and symbols. The interactions among elements within an ideology enable a change by one element to produce far-reaching effects. The interactions between ideologies are probably controlled by ceremonies and rituals, and communications between ideologies emphasize stylized or metaphorical language. One can see rituals and language at work when organizations are acting. Organizations can act in either of two modes: a problem-solving mode in which perceived problems instigate searches for solutions, or an action generating mode in which choices of actions stimulate the creation of problems to justify the actions. Problem solving is abnormal, and action generating normal. In the action-generating mode, people watch the results of their actions, appraise these results as good or bad, and propose needs for action. Whether needs for action are real is decided by collective voting in which votes are phrased as clichts about causation. These clichts give birth to quasi-theories that explain why certain actions are needed to solve problems.
Active valvetrain for homogeneous charge compression ignition

AbstractHomogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), also known as controlled autoignition (CAI) or the premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine concept, has the potential to be highly...
Oxidation of Plasmalogen, Low‐Density Lipoprotein and RAW 264.7 Cells by Photoactivatable Atomic Oxygen Precursors

The oxidation of lipids by endogenous or environmental reactive oxygen species (ROS) generates a myriad of different lipid oxidation products that have important roles in disease pathology. The lipid oxidation products obtained in these reactions are dependent upon the identity of the reacting ROS. The photoinduced deoxygenation of various aromatic heterocyclic oxides has been suggested to generate ground state atomic oxygen (O[3P]) as an oxidant; however, very little is known about reactions between lipids and O(3P). To identify lipid oxidation products arising from the reaction of lipids with O(3P), photoactivatable precursors of O(3P) were irradiated in the presence of lysoplasmenylcholine, low-density lipoprotein and RAW 264.7 cells under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Four different aldehyde products consistent with the oxidation of plasmalogens were observed. The four aldehydes were: tetradecanal, pentadecanal, 2-hexadecenal and hexadecanal. Depending upon the conditions, either pentadecanal or 2-hexadecenal was the major product. Increased amounts of the aldehyde products were observed in aerobic conditions.
Self-control of the time complexity of a constraint satisfaction problem solver program

This paper presents the self-controlling software paradigm and reports on its use to control the branch and bound based constraint satisfaction problem solving algorithm. In this paradigm, an algorithm is first conceptualized as a dynamical system and then a feedback control loop is added to control its behavior. The loop includes a Quality of Service component that assesses the performance of the algorithm during its run time and a controller that adjusts the parameters of the algorithm in order to achieve the control goal. Although other approaches - generally termed as ''self-*'' - make use of control loops, this use is limited to the structure of the software system, rather than to its behavior and its dynamics. This paper advocates the analysis of dynamics of any program with control loops. The self-controlling software paradigm is evaluated on two different NP-hard constraint satisfaction and optimization problems. The results of the evaluation show an improvement in the performance due to the added control loop for both of the tested constraint satisfaction problems.
High-resolution navigation on non-differentiable image manifolds

The images generated by varying the underlying articulation parameters of an object (pose, attitude, light source position, and so on) can be viewed as points on a low-dimensional image parameter articulation manifold (IPAM) in a high-dimensional ambient space. In this paper, we develop theory and methods for the inverse problem of estimating, from a given image on or near an IPAM, the underlying parameters that produced it. Our approach is centered on the observation that, while typical image manifolds are not differentiable, they have an intrinsic multiscale geometric structure. In fact, each IPAM has a family of approximate tangent spaces, each one good at a certain resolution. Putting this structural aspect to work, we develop a new algorithm for high-accuracy parameter estimation based on a coarse-to-fine Newton iteration through the family of approximate tangent spaces. We test the algorithm in several idealized registration and pose estimation problems.
Feedback for Error Control and Two-Way Communication

This paper surveys some recent advances in coding, feedback, and two-way communications. It considers the usefulness of feedback relative to coding, the kind of feedback system to use, the advantages of combining feedback with coding and the characteristics of a system that results therefrom. It then takes up the question of how feedback for error-control purposes can be incorporated into a two-way communication system and the effectiveness of block codes plus feedback in combatting burst-type noise. Finally, the paper presents a brief discussion of existing feedback systems using some of these principles.
Photothermal therapy of cancer cells mediated by blue hydrogel nanoparticles

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the utility of biologically compatible, nontoxic and cell-specific targetable hydrogel nanoparticles (NPs), which have Coomassie® Brilliant Blue G dye (Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA) covalently linked into their polyacrylamide matrix, as candidates for photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer cells. Materials & methods: Hydrogel NPs with Coomassie Brilliant Blue G dye covalently linked into their polyacrylamide matrix were fabricated using a reverse micelle microemulsion polymerization method and were found to be 80–95 nm in diameter, with an absorbance value of 0.52. PTT-induced hyperthermia/thermolysis was achieved at 37°C using an inexpensive, portable, light-emitting diode array light source (590 nm, 25 mW/cm2). Results & conclusion: Hydrogel NPs with Coomassie Brilliant Blue G dye linked into their polyacrylamide matrix are effective in causing PTT-induced thermolysis in immortalized human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) cells for varying NP concentrations...
V-braille: haptic braille perception using a touch-screen and vibration on mobile phones

V-Braille is a novel way to haptically represent Braille characters on a standard mobile phone using the touch-screen and vibration. V-Braille may be suitable for deaf-blind people who rely primarily on their tactile sense. A preliminary study with deaf-blind Braille users found that, with minimal training, V-Braille can be used to read individual characters and sentences.
Does Web Syndication Technology Facilitate Investor Decision Making

ABSTRACT: Web syndication is an emerging technology that “feeds” website information to subscribers. It allows Internet users to collect, organize, and view frequently updated information from multiple sources effortlessly. We investigated whether using web syndication technology helps nonprofessional investors acquire and integrate relevant information which has been updated frequently and is from multiple sources when the investors make decisions. We obtained evidence of this new technology's effects using an experiment where subjects visited either a syndicated web page or a nonsyndicated web page and assessed two fictional companies' critical financial ratios and investment perspectives. Our results indicate that individuals who use syndication technology are more effective in acquiring relevant information updated frequently and integrating information for investment decision making than individuals who do not use such technology. The results suggest that web syndication may be used as an information...
Local and global stability of symmetric heterogeneously-delayed control systems

Stability proofs of nonlinear congestion control systems under heterogeneous feedback delays are usually difficult and involve a fair amount of effort. In this paper, we show that there exist a class of congestion control methods that admit very simple proofs of asymptotic stability and allow control equations to be delay-independent. This is in contrast to most previous work, which requires that each flow (and sometimes each router) adapt its control-loop constants based on the feedback delay and/or the length of the corresponding end-to-end path. Our new congestion control method, which we call Max-min Kelly Control (/sub M/K/sub C/), builds upon the work of Kelly et al. (1998) and allows end-flows to be stable and fair regardless of network feedback delays or the number of hops in their end-to-end paths. Using basic matrix algebra and discrete control theory, we show no's local asymptotic stability under heterogeneous, directional feedback delays. We also offer a simple proof of its global asymptotic stability assuming constant feedback delay.
Pilomatrix dysplasia in an immunosuppressed patient

Immunosuppressive drugs have been used for many years in the prevention of graft failure in transplant recipients. Although they improve morbidity and mortality after transplantation, these medications carry a significant risk of adverse mucocutaneous and systemic effects. We describe a patient receiving 4 immunosuppressive drugs who experienced persistent facial dysmorphism along with striking follicular disturbances. On histopathologic examination, the follicular structures were dilated and hyperplastic with a peculiar dysplasia of the pilar matrix. Based on a review of the clinical, microscopic, and investigational findings of the skin previously reported in association with her immunosuppressive drugs, we conclude that cyclosporine was the most likely causative agent. Moreover, hypertrichosis, dysmorphic facies, and tissue hyperplasia have all been observed in patients during cyclosporine administration.
"All or None" Criteria for Professional Development Schools

Attempts to implement the professional development school (PDS) are frustrated by a lack of consensus about the meaning of the defining characteristics of these new schools. An explication of the common criteria is given that shows how each is an implication of the others and how the PDS is not a laboratory or demonstration school. Particular attention is given to the nature of inquiry in the PDS and its relationship to other forms of academic inquiry. Finally, the lessons from the 4-year effort to implement the PDS features in selected schools in Delaware is briefly described.
Sram Operational Voltage Shifts in the Presence of Gate Oxide Defects in 90 NM SOI

The continued scaling of gate oxide thickness in CMOS transistors has made dielectric integrity paramount to system functionality at low voltages. In this paper, the effect of gate oxide breakdown on the minimum operating voltage (Vddmin) of a six transistor SRAM cell has been examined. A new cell reliability model was developed to explain non-monotonic operational voltage shifts through product reliability stress. Through simulation it was determined that non-monotonic voltage shifts can occur if random gate defects counter existing SRAM cell asymmetries. Furthermore, it has been shown that monotonic voltage shifts can be created with significantly different magnitudes of gate oxide defects.
The Lived Experience of Feeling Loved: A Study of Mothers in a Parolee Program:

The purpose of this study was to uncover the meaning of the lived experience of feeling loved. The site of this study was a shelter-based parolee program. The framework that guided the study was Parse's human becoming theory, and the method was Parse's research methodology. The finding of this study is the lived experience of feeling loved is an unshakable presence arising with moments of uplifting delight amid bewildering trepidation. The findings integrated into the human becoming theory show the paradoxical and dialectic nature of feeling loved. Feeling loved is linked to living freedom, trust, and hope.
From Old Schools to Tomorrow's Schools Psychoeducational Assessment of African American Students

Despite the promise of Brown v. Board of Education, segregation is alive and well in today's schools. African American students are overrepresented in special education, have higher dropout rates, are suspended and expelled at higher rates, and are subject to persistent educational inequity. The role of psychoeducational assessment at the intersection of difference and disability has contributed to the persistent misidentification and overrepresentation of African American students in special education. However, paradigms for assessment hold promise for fulfilling the hope of Brown in tomorrow's schools. In order to describe the impact of past and present psychoeducational assessment practices on African American learners, we track the evolution of psychoeducational assessment in the context of three eras: (a) prior to Brown, or “old schools”; (b) post Brown, an era of hope for “new schools”; and (c) the situation in today's schools. The education of African American students and students with disabilitie...
MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Proanthocyanidins in Two Lowland Tropical Forest Species of Cecropia: A First Look at Their Chemical Structures

The structural chemistry of proanthocyanidin molecules has been investigated in temperate zone plants, but few studies have been done with plants of the Amazonian lowland tropical wet forests where herbivore pressure is more extensive and diverse. Using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, we report unique properties of the proanthocyanidin structural chemistry in two neotropical Cecropia species, C. polystachya, a myrmecophyte with mutualistic ants, and C. sciadophylla, a non-myrmecophyte lacking mutualistic ants. Our preliminary data suggests the presence of reportedly uncommon propelargonidin subunits in a majority of proanthocyanidin oligomers. The presence of 3-O-gallate proanthocyanidin monomers was also detected in the mass spectra of both species. Unlike other studies that have examined species growing at higher latitudes, oligomers composed of procyanidin, propelargonidin, and their 3-O-gallates were present in both Cecropia species while the presence of oligomers containing prodelphinidin units were absent or at lower levels. These distinctive features may suggest that proanthocyanidins in some tropical plant species may be an untapped source of proanthocyanidin structural complexity that warrants further investigation. Several differences between spectra of the two Cecropia species could also point to the presence of anti-herbivore defense tradeoffs between chemical defense quality and biotic defense between the two species.
Effects of acute changes in pulmonary wedge pressure on periodic breathing at rest in heart failure patients.

Background Patients with heart failure (HF) display a number of breathing abnormalities including periodic breathing (PB) at rest. Although the mechanism(s) contributing to PB remain unclear, we examined whether changes in pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) alter PB in patients with established HF. Methods We studied 12 male patients with HF (age, 50 ± 11 years; ejection fraction, 18.3 ± 3.8 %; New York Heart Association class, 3.2 ± 0.4), with PB at rest, who are undergoing right heart catheterization with infusion of nitroprusside. Results At baseline, patients with HF displayed minute ventilation ( V E ) oscillations with amplitude of 5.5 ± 2.7 L/min (57 ± 34% of the average V E ) and cycle length of 61 ± 18 seconds. Cardiac index (CI), PVR, and mean PWP averaged 2.0 ± 0.4 L min −1 m −2 , 281.9 ± 214.9 dyne/s per cm −5 , and 28.3 ± 5.4 mm Hg, respectively. During nitroprusside infusion, CI increased to 3.1 ± 0.6 L min −1 m −2 , PVR decreased to 163.9 ± 85.2 dyne/s per cm −5 , and PWP fell to 10.0 ± 4.2 mm Hg. Nitroprusside reduced the amplitude (2.6 ± 2.4 L/min, 23 ± 21% of average V E ; P P V E oscillations while abolishing oscillations in 3 patients. Although average V E and Paco 2 remained unchanged, there was a significant increase in the ratio of tidal volume to inspiratory time ( V T / T I ; P V E oscillations was positively correlated with the change in PWP ( r = 0.75; P r = 0.63; P Conclusions These data suggest that PWP (left atrial pressure) may play a direct role in the PB observed in HF at rest.
The effect of photoperiod‐induced flowering on the nutrient content of pea shoots 1

Abstract The effects of the photoperiodic induction of flowering on nutrient uptake were studied using genetic lines of pea (Pisum sativum). Nitrogen, K, P, Mn, Fe, and Cu concentrations in the plants were higher in short days (SD) (vegetative), Mg concentrations were higher in long days (LD) (reproductive). Ca, B, and Zn levels appeared to be unrelated to light regimes or flower induction. Plants grown in LD had higher total uptake of most elements, because of substantially higher dry matter production. Low light treatments that stimulated flowering had less effect on nutrient composition than LD (full light). The nutrient concentrations of a photoperiod‐insensitive line were less affected by light regime, and total uptake appeared to be primarily dependent on photosynthate production. It was concluded that the induction of flowering does not impose special demands on nutrient uptake, and that, although photoperiod affected nutrient content, the effect was indirect.
Improved vector FEM solutions of Maxwell's equations using grid pre-conditioning

The Time Domain Vector Finite Element Method is a promising new approach for solving Maxwell's equations on unstructured triangular grids. This method is sensitive to the quality, or condition, of the grid. In this study grid pre-conditioning techniques, such as edge swapping, Laplacian smoothing, and energy minimization, are shown to improve the accuracy of the solution and also reduce the overall computational effort. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Mechanical Waves Along Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) Power Lines

The propagation of elastic waves along composite wire rope is considered. The rope is modeled as co-axial layers of cylindrically anisotropic material. Simple kinematical assumptions lead to a "rod theory" for the wire rope, consisting of three coupled one-dimensional wave equations. Solutions of these equations are found. Results for a particular aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR) conductor are described in detail. The slowest mode is found to be mainly torsional and mainly nondispersive in character. The other two modes are dispersive and have small torsional components. ©2002 ASME
Tumor Resection in a Shared-Resource Magnetic Resonance Operating Room: Experience at the University of Cincinnati

Introduction. At the University of Cincinnati, we have developed a shared-resource magnetic resonance operating suite that facilitates performance of both neurosurgical and diagnostic procedures in a single unit.
Long-Term Prevalence and Demographic Trends in U.S. Adolescent Inhalant Use: Implications for Clinicians and Prevention Scientists.

ABSTRACTBackground: Inhalant use by adolescents is cause for concern due to the early age of inhalant use initiation and the many short- and long-term health consequences that can occur concurrently with and subsequent to use. However, inhalant use research has been limited relative to the literature available on other drug use. Objectives: The present research examined long-term trends in inhalant use prevalence, demographic risk factors of inhalant use, and median grade level of first use. Methods: Monitoring the Future data from 1991 to 2011, which includes information drawn from United States eighth, tenth, and twelfth graders, were examined. The total sample comprised more than one million participants. Results were examined descriptively with figures and quantitatively with mixed-effects regression models of the effect of time on use rates. Results: Inhalant use prevalence rates generally declined over the selected period. Though rates of use by males and females decreased significantly, the proport...
Mindful Music Listening Instruction Increases Listening Sensitivity and Enjoyment

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of mindful listening instruction on music listening sensitivity and music listening enjoyment. A pretest–posttest control group design was used. ...
The Tin-oxide Films Deposited by Vacuum Evaporation (I)

Stannic-oxide films have the most excellent characteristics among electrically conducting and optically transparent films of metal oxides, and have been formed by chemical reaction of stannic-chloride or reactive sputtering of tin. We could obtain the transparent conducting stannic-oxide films of low resistance by vacuum evaporation.Stannic-oxide powder in an alumina crucible was sublimated onto glass plates at 400°C by the radiation from tungsten wire coated with alumina. The deposited films were of stannous-oxide and non-conductive, but changed into stannic-oxide films of low resistance, when baked in air for suitable time.The baked films had specific resistance of 2 × 10-3Ω-cm, temperature coefficient of resistance of about - 0.05%/°C, stability of resistance at 200°C and transmittance at normal incidence of 85% in visible region. The conductivity depended on the reflectance of the stannous-oxide films before baking, then high conducting films could not be made from the deposited films of low reflectance. This vacuum-evaporation method, having the advantage of other's on several points, will be useful for production of the transparent conducting films of stannic-oxide used for special aims.