cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Statistical Study of Surface Roughness for Polyamide 12 Parts Produced Using Selective Laser Sintering

Abstract Selective laser sintering (SLS) of thermoplastic powders allows for the creation of parts with complex geometries and functionally robust designs. Based on the principle of selectively fus...
Cytochrome c nitrite reductase from the bacterium Geobacter lovleyi represents a new NrfA subclass.

Cytochrome c nitrite reductase (NrfA) catalyzes the reduction of nitrite to ammonium in the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) pathway, a process that competes with denitrification, conserves nitrogen, and minimizes nutrient loss in soils. The environmental bacterium Geobacter lovleyi has recently been recognized as a key driver of DNRA in nature, but its enzymatic pathway is still uncharacterized. To address this limitation, here we overexpressed, purified, and characterized G. lovleyi NrfA. We observed that the enzyme crystallizes as a dimer but remains monomeric in solution. Importantly, its crystal structure at 2.55-A resolution revealed the presence of an arginine residue in the region otherwise occupied by calcium in canonical NrfA enzymes. The presence of EDTA did not affect the activity of G. lovleyi NrfA, and site-directed mutagenesis of this arginine reduced enzymatic activity to <3% of the WT levels. Phylogenetic analysis revealed four separate emergences of Arg-containing NrfA enzymes. Thus, the Ca2+-independent, Arg-containing NrfA from G. lovleyi represents a new subclass of cytochrome c nitrite reductase. Most genera from the exclusive clades of Arg-containing NrfA proteins are also represented in clades containing Ca2+-dependent enzymes, suggesting convergent evolution.
Top-Down Control of Inhibitory Granule Cells in the Main Olfactory Bulb Reshapes Neural Dynamics Giving Rise to a Diversity of Computations

Growing evidence shows that top-down projections from excitatory neurons in piriform cortex selectively synapse onto local inhibitory granule cells in the main olfactory bulb, effectively gating their own inputs by controlling inhibition. An open question in olfaction is the role this feedback plays in shaping the dynamics of local circuits, and the resultant computational benefits it provides. Using rate models of neuronal firing in a network consisting of excitatory mitral and tufted cells, inhibitory granule cells and top-down piriform cortical neurons, we found that changes in the weight of feedback to inhibitory neurons generated diverse network dynamics and complex transitions between these dynamics. Changes in the weight of top-down feedback supported a number of computations, including both pattern separation and oscillatory synchrony. Additionally, the network could generate gamma oscillations though a mechanism we termed Top-down control of Inhibitory Neuron Gamma (TING). Collectively, these functions arose from a codimension-2 bifurcation in the dynamical system. Our results highlight a key role for this top-down feedback, gating inhibition to facilitate often diametrically different computations.
Minimal Experimental Bias on the Hydrogen Bond Greatly Improves Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Water.

Experiment directed simulation (EDS) is a method within a class of techniques seeking to improve molecular simulations by minimally biasing the system Hamiltonian to reproduce certain experimental ...
Extended letermovir administration, beyond day 100, is effective for CMV prophylaxis in patients with graft versus host disease.

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality after an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT), and graft versus host disease (GVHD) increases the risk of CMV reactivation. Letermovir is approved for CMV prophylaxis in CMV-seropositive patients, but has only been studied through day 100 post-transplantation in the registration trial. Its efficacy in preventing CMV in patients with GVHD requiring treatment beyond the day 100 milestone has not been studied. Methods We retrospectively analyzed all patients who underwent an AHCT at a single center over a period of 24 months, and identified a cohort of 20 patients who received extended duration of letermovir (beyond 100 days) after the diagnosis of GVHD. The primary end point was the incidence of clinically significant CMV infection, defined as onset of CMV disease or initiation of preemptive therapy with alternative antiviral agents. Results In this high-risk cohort, only one patient (5%) developed a clinically significant CMV infection, requiring preemptive therapy. No patients developed CMV organ disease. Three additional patients developed CMV viremia of ≥150 IU/mL while on letermovir and after the onset of GVHD, and none required additional treatment. Receipt of post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and low CD4 count after the development of GVHD were associated with breakthrough CMV viremia while on extended duration letermovir. Conclusions Extended duration letermovir was efficacious in preventing clinically significant CMV infections in patients with GVHD.
NAVY PRECISION OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER OBSERVATIONS OF THE EXOPLANET HOST κ CORONAE BOREALIS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STAR'S AND PLANET'S MASSES AND AGES

We used the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer to measure the limb-darkened angular diameter of the exoplanet host star κ CrB and obtained a value of 1.543 ± 0.009 mas. We calculated its physical radius (5.06 ± 0.04 R ☉) and used photometric measurements from the literature with our diameter to determine κ CrB's effective temperature (4788 ± 17 K) and luminosity (12.13 ± 0.09 L ☉). We then placed the star on an Hertzsprung-Russell diagram to ascertain the star's age (3.42 Gyr) and mass (1.47 ± 0.04 M ☉) using a metallicity of [Fe/H] = +0.15. With this mass, we calculated the system's mass function with the orbital elements from a variety of sources, which produced a range of planetary masses: m psin i = 1.61-1.88 M Jup. We also updated the extent of the habitable zone for the system using our new temperature.
Application of Crystalline Matrices for the Structural Determination of Organic Molecules

While single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) is one of the most powerful structural determination techniques for organic molecules, the requirement of obtaining a suitable crystal for analysis limits its applicability, particularly for liquids and amorphous solids. The emergent use of preformed porous crystalline matrices that can absorb organic compounds and stabilize them via host-guest interactions for observation via SC-XRD offers a way to overcome this hindrance. A topical and current discussion of SC-XRD in organic chemistry and the use of preformed matrices for the in crystallo analysis of organic compounds, with a particular focus on the absolute structure determination of chiral molecules, is presented. Preformed crystalline matrices that are covered include metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as used in the crystalline sponge method, metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs, coordination cages), porous organic materials (POMs)/porous organic molecular crystals (POMCs), and biological scaffolds. An outlook and perspective on the current technology and on its future directions is provided.
Community Discharge Among Post-Acute Nursing Home Residents: An Association With Patient Safety Culture?

Abstract Objectives We examined whether better patient safety culture (PSC) in skilled nursing facilities was associated with higher likelihood of successful community discharge for post-acute care residents. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting and Participants Medicare beneficiaries who were newly admitted for post-acute care (N = 53,929) to skilled nursing facilities participating in PSC survey (N = 818). Methods Facility-level PSC scores were obtained from a national, random survey conducted in 2017. Survey data was linked to Minimum Dataset 3.0, Medicare Provider Analysis and Review, Master Beneficiary Summary File, Nursing Home Compare File, Payroll-Based Journal, and Areal Health Resources File. Successful discharge to community was the outcome of interest. Facility-level PSC scores were the key covariate. We controlled for individual-level, facility-level, and area-level characteristics. Separate logistic regression models for each of the 12 PSC domains and for the overall score were fit. Results Post-acute care residents who were successfully discharged to community were more likely to be female (63.7%), white (87.1%), Medicare-only (88.1%), cognitively intact (87.8%), and admitted following a surgery (40.9%) The multivariable analyses showed that teamwork (odds ratio 1.09, P = .02) and supervisor expectations and actions promoting resident safety (odds ratio 1.11, P = .01) were significantly associated with the increased likelihood of successful community discharge. Conclusions and Implications This is the first study to analyze the relationship between patient safety culture and successful discharge among post-acute care residents. Our results suggest that nursing home leaders may want to focus their quality and safety improvement efforts on specific PSC domains (eg, teamwork) as means for improving community discharge for post-acute care residents.
The Musical Sounds of Medieval French Cities: Players, Patrons, and Politics

Drawing upon hundreds of newly uncovered archival records, Gretchen Peters reconstructs the music of everyday life in over twenty cities in late medieval France. Through the comparative study of these cities' political and musical histories, the book establishes that the degree to which a city achieved civic authority and independence determined the nature and use of music within the urban setting. The world of urban minstrels beyond civic patronage is explored through the use of diverse records; their livelihood depended upon seeking out and securing a variety of engagements from confraternities to bathhouses. Minstrels engaged in complex professional relationships on a broad level, as with guilds and minstrel schools, and on an individual level, as with partnerships and apprenticeships. The study investigates how minstrels fared economically and socially, recognizing the diversity within this body of musicians in the Middle Ages from itinerant outcasts to wealthy and respected town musicians.
Analysis of Uncertainties in CRAC2 Calculations: Wet Deposition and Plume Rise

We have studied the sensitivity of results from the CRAC2 computer code, which predicts health impacts from a reactor-accident scenario, to uncertainties in selected meteorological models and parameters. The sources of uncertainty examined include the models for plume rise and wet deposition and the meteorological bin-sampling procedure. An alternative plume-rise model usually had little effect on predicted health impacts. In an alternative wet-deposition model, the scavenging rate depends only on storm type, rather than on rainfall rate and atmospheric stability class as in the CRAC2 model. Use of the alternative wet-deposition model in meteorological bin-sampling runs decreased predicted mean early injuries by as much as a factor of 2–3 and, for large release heights and sensible heat rates, decreased mean early fatalities by nearly an order of magnitude. The bin-sampling procedure in CRAC2 was expanded by dividing each rain bin into four bins that depend on rainfall rate. Use of the modified bin structure in conjunction with the CRAC2 wet-deposition model changed all predicted health impacts by less than a factor of 2.
Intersex: socio-cultural perspectives

Intersex has long been framed as a medical issue and socio-cultural perspectives on intersex have been viewed as inferior to biomedical ones. Consequently, recommendations for treating intersexuality include medical responses that commonly aim to give the child a body that conforms to sex and gender norms. Socio-cultural scholars and intersex activists have critiqued interventions that rely upon normative ideas about sex, gender, and sexuality and their relationships. A broader view of possible approaches to intersex would allow greater societal acceptance and enable a more holistic approach to medical care. Keywords: activism; gender; intersex; medicalization; sexuality
A Mechanical Theory of In Vitro Vascular Network Formation

Understanding the evolution of spatial patterns and the mechanisms which create them are among the most crucial issues in developmental biology. Considerable progress has been made in understanding some of the basic principles that any mechanism must possess to be able to generate spatial patterns. In spite of this we still do not know, with any certainty, definitive details of a single pattern-formation mechanism which is involved in development. Model mechanisms—morphogenetic models—for biological pattern generation can suggest possible scenarios as to how pattern is laid down, and sometimes when [as, for example, in the experimentally confirmed case of stripe patterning on Alligator mississippiensis (Murray et al., 1990)] and how the embryonic form might be created. There has, in the past few years, been an increasing recognition among experimentalists and theoreticians that dramatic progress in biology could come about through a genuine interdisciplinary approach involving experimentalists and theoreticians. The book by Murray (1993) discusses in detail many successful case studies of such an interdisciplinary approach.
Efficient modeling of a small circular loop antenna coupling to a twin-lead transmission line

An efficient low-frequency coupling model from a circular loop antenna to a twin-lead transmission line (TL) is presented. The current distributions are predicted for various TL terminations and compared with a commercially available moment method solver, resulting in excellent agreement. The accuracy and computation speed of the proposed model are also discussed.
Role of Dietary Sphingolipids and Inhibitors of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Cancer and Other Diseases

Sphingolipids are found in all eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms and participate in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and diverse cell functions including cell-cell communication, cell-substratum interactions and intracellular signal transduction. Nonetheless, the field of nutrition has given scant attention to these compounds so that little is known about the following fundamental questions: What is the fate of sphingolipids that are consumed in food? Does consumption of dietary sphingolipids affect the behavior of cells in the gastrointestinal tract or other organs? How do other factors in the diet affect sphingolipid metabolism? Several recent findings underscore the importance of these questions, for examples: 1) Sphingolipids are digested throughout the GI tract to ceramide and sphingosine, which are highly bioactive compounds that affect cellular regulatory pathways; 2) addition of sphingomyelin to a standard AIN diet (which is essentially devoid of sphingolipids) reduces the appearance of aberrant colonic crypts, and perhaps the number of tumors, in mice treated with a colon carcinogen; and 3) an enzyme of sphingolipid metabolism has been discovered to be the target of a class of toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins called fumonisins. Given these recent findings, it is possible that some of the confusion that has arisen regarding the relationships between dietary fat and disease might be due to the lack of consideration of the sphingolipids that are also present.
High-performance Na2Ti2O5 nanowire arrays coated with VS2 nanosheets for sodium-ion storage

Abstract Na2Ti2O5 (NTO) nanowire arrays coated with VS2 nanosheets (NTO–VS2) have been directly prepared on a current collector as a 3D anode for Na-ion batteries. Compared to graphite, the larger interlayer spacing of two dimensional VS2 can offer facile intercalation of lithium and/or sodium ions. Aside from its natural metallic behavior, VS2 also possesses a high theoretical capacity. The composite NTO–VS2 nanowire arrays as an additive free 3D anode shows superior electrochemical performance compared to NTO. After 50 (C/10) and 100 (1C) cycles, the charge capacities of NTO–VS2 are maintained, respectively, at 298 and 203 mA h g−1, which are much higher than the values of 157 and 93 mA h g−1 observed for the same cycled Na2Ti2O5 electrodes. The higher capacity, improved rate capability, and good stability of the composite NTO–VS2 nanowire arrays are due to the structural stability of the Na2Ti2O5 nanowire arrays and the higher capacity and conductivity of the two-dimensional VS2 nanosheets.
Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic findings of B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma associated with combined IGH/BCL2 and MYC rearrangement.

Background B-lymphoblastic leukemias (B-LBL) with combined IGH/BCL2 and MYC rearrangement are rare and their clinical, cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features are not well characterized. Here, we describe a case of a 61-year-old woman with B-LBL associated with these cytogenetic alterations and present a review of the literature of this disease. Methods Four-color flow cytometry (FC) was performed on a BD FACSCanto II flow cytometer. Data were analyzed with BD FACSDiva software. Cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and molecular studies were performed by conventional methods. A review of the literature was performed by a PubMed-assisted search. Results Including our case, eight B-LBLs associated with a documented “double-hit” karyotype (IGH/BCL2 and 8q24/MYC rearrangement) were identified in the literature (male/female 2/6, age 15-65). Three occurred de-novo, and five had a history of a CD10+ B-cell lymphoma. The typical immunophenotype was CD10, CD19, TdT positive, and negative for CD34 and surface immunoglobulin (Ig), established either by FC or immunohistochemistry. Seven cases were CD20-, and one case was CD20+. Translocation partners of MYC varied, and included IGH, lambda light chain, and an unknown gene on chromosome 9. Prognosis was poor with median survival of five months. Conclusions Patients with B-LBL associated with a combined IGH/BCL2 and MYC rearrangement often have a history of a mature B-cell lymphoma. The immunophenotype of these cases is different from that of mature “double-hit” lymphomas; FC is essential to differentiate the B-LBL cases from the leukemic phase of mature B-cell lymphomas. © 2016 Clinical Cytometry Society
Realization-independent ℌ 2 -approximation

The Iterative Rational Krylov Algorithm (IRKA) of [9] is an effective tool for approaching the ℌ 2 -optimal model reduction problem. However, it has relied on the availability of a standard first-order state-space realization of the model-to-be-reduced. In this paper, we employ a Loewner-matrix approach for interpolation, and develop a new formulation of IRKA that only uses transfer function evaluations, without requiring any particular realization. This allows extension of IRKA to ℌ 2 approximation of irrational, infinite-dimensional dynamical systems. We incorporate a residue-correction step within IRKA that adjusts vector residues so as to minimize the ℌ 2 error at the end of each cycle. Two numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Transport in a-Si:H

In this paper we present and discuss transport data deduced from DC-dark conductivity and time-of-flight experiments on doped (phosphorus, boron) and intrinsic a-Si:H at low temperatures (10K<T<300K) in the presence of high electric fields (F≤5×10 5 V/cm). The field creates strong non-linearities, which change the conductivity by several orders of magnitude. The field strength necessary to increase the conductivity consideraby depends on the doping concentration and on the dopant
Is the Acetazolamide Test Valid for Quantitative Assessment of Maximal Cerebral Autoregulatory Vasodilation

To the Editor: I read with great interest the article by Demolis and colleagues1 and the short editorial by Dr Alkayed that followed. The study by Demolis et al is an important contribution to the literature. Although the acetazolamide is commonly used to assess the vasodilatory capacity of the cerebral circulation, the physiological significance of an abnormal blood flow or blood velocity response to this stimulus is not known. As Dr Alkayed correctly states, the degree to which blood flow responses to this agent indicate autoregulatory capacity is unclear. The results from the study of Demolis et al serve to further underscore this fact. I am writing …
An unusual complication of tubal anastomosis

Abstract Objective To report an unusual complication associated with the use of a long-term intrafallopian stent during microsurgical tubal anastomosis. Design Case report. Setting Tertiary academic center. Patient(s) A 36-year-old woman in whom an intrafallopian stent used during a sterilization reversal procedure could not be transcervically retrieved in the office. Intervention(s) Hysteroscopic evaluation for removal of intrafallopian stent, followed by operative laparoscopy for postoperative abdominal pain. Main outcome measure(s) Patient symptoms, potential for morbidity, and review of the literature. Result(s) Hysteroscopic view of the uterine cavity failed to identify the intrafallopian stent. Laporoscopic evaluation of postoperative abdominal pain revealed significant formation of pelvic and abdominal adhesions. The 2-0 nylon suture used as an intrafallopian stent was seen sitting freely on top of the liver serosa. Adhesiolysis and successful retrieval of the stent resolved the patient's symptoms. Conclusion(s) To our knowledge, this is the first report describing complete dislodgment and cephalad migration of an intrafallopian stent. Patient morbidity and health care costs may increase when long-term stents are used for sterilization reversal.
Mechanisms of Cables 1 gene inactivation in human ovarian cancer development.

Cables 1, a cyclin-dependent kinase binding protein, is primarily involved in cell cycle regulation. Loss of nuclear Cables 1 expression is observed in human colon, lung and endometrial cancers. We previously reported that loss of nuclear Cables 1 expression was also observed with high frequency in a limited sample set of human ovarian carcinomas, although the mechanisms underlying loss of nuclear Cables 1 expression remained unknown. Our present objective was to examine Cables 1 expression in ovarian cancer in greater detail, and determine the predominant mechanisms of Cables 1 loss. We assessed potential genetic and epigenetic modifications of the Cables 1 locus through analyses of mutation, polymorphisms, loss of heterozygosity and DNA methylation. We observed a marked loss of nuclear Cables 1 expression in serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas that correlated with decreased Cables 1 mRNA levels. Although we detected no Cables 1 mutations, there was evidence of LOH at the Cables 1 locus and epigen...
Coating of hydroxyapatite on porous alumina substrate through a thermal decomposition method

A thin film of hydroxyapatite (HA) was uniformly coated onto a highly porous substrate of alumina through the thermal decomposition method. Calcium 2-ethyl hexanoate and bis (2-ethyhexyl) phosphite were used as starting materials. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the chemical and structural evolution of the coating. In vitro tests were conducted to evaluate the reactivity of the synthetic HA. It was found that the sintering process greatly influenced the in vitro behavior of HA. High temperature sintering may reduce the reactivity of HA, suggesting that the reactivity is structure dependent.
A TOKEN SYSTEM FOR A CLASS OF UNDERACHIEVING HYPERACTIVE CHILDREN

Using a BAB design, a token system requiring cooperative interaction was used to change the reading and vocabulary performance of an 18-member class of third-grade hyperactive boys. Four different colored tokens, which could be exchanged for 15 minutes of play on electrovideo games, were earned by successful completion of two tasks that involved learning to read and to use new vocabulary words in sentences, and two tasks in which the student served as a proctor to a student who had not yet completed those tasks. The mean number of tasks completed during the intervention periods rose to over nine times the number completed during reversal. Additionally, the average completion rate for the school district's standardized weekly reading level examinations rose from four to eight fold during the token conditions. All 18 students responded to the token program by increasing their academic performance.
Factors related to behavioral control by stimuli presented during sleep.

Two experiments are presented concerning the control of learned behavior by stimuli presented during sleep. The rule of associative and nonassociative factors was assessed in Experiment 1. Group I was tested to demonstrate that, following instructions during wakefulness, subjects would terminate tones presented during sleep by taking a deep breath. To determine the likelihood of spontaneous responses during the tone, two groups were tested following the same instructions but with tones omitted on every trial (Group II) or every other trial (Group III). To determine whether breathing responses might be due to tone-elicited arousal. Group IV was tested without instructions to make the breathing response. Reliable responding was found only for Group I. Experiment 2 concerned within- and across-night patterns of responsiveness under the procedure investigated in Experiment 1. Subjects were tested for either 4 consecutive or 4 nonconsecutive nights. Response latencies increased within nights and also across nights with a greater rate of increase on consecutive nights. The data are discussed in relation to the importance of understanding the effects of behavioral demands during sleep.
Electrophilic nitro-fatty acids: anti-inflammatory mediators in the vascular compartment.

Vascular inflammatory disorders are often associated with both decreased NO bioavailability and a lack of responsiveness to NO, a consequence of impaired NO biosynthesis, dysregulated l -arginine metabolism, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling and NO consumption induced by redox reactions of NO. The latter is mediated via oxidative inflammatory conditions altering NO-dependent endothelial function, including vascular tone and cell proliferation. The redox reactions of NO and byproducts such as nitrite can react to yield electrophilic nitro-fatty acid derivatives (NO2-FAs) and exemplify a biochemical convergence of reactions participating in NO and lipid signaling. NO2-FAs represent a novel therapeutic strategy to treat vascular disorders by improving endothelial dysfunction through enhancing NO signaling and blocking vascular smooth muscle proliferation, inflammation, and maladaptive remodeling.
Measurement needs for developing and assessing ozone-control strategies

The monitoring programs needed to design control strategies differ from those required to assess the impact of the strategies on air quality. The former are short-term and intensive. They are designed to obtain the data required to apply an urban-scale grid model, like the Urban Airshed Model, or a combination of an urban-scale and regional-scale model, like the Regional Oxidant Model, to an area without having to assume important input data. Such measurements include three-dimensional pollutant and meteorological measurements throughout the modeling domain. Detailed and accurate emissions inventories are also required. Model validation should compare not only the O3 predictions with actual data, but also include comparisons for NO x , individual volatile organic compounds (VOC), and if possible, additional species such as PAN, H2O2, formaldehyde, and HNO3. To assess the impact of control strategies, long-term monitoring networks that measure O3, NO x and speciated VOC are needed. O3 trends should be examined using robust, meteorologically-adjusted O3 statistics. Such statistics need to be related to a robust National Ambient Air Quality Standard.
Design of clock recovery circuits for optical clocking in DSM CMOS

CMOS technology scaling especially in the sub-100 nm regime has made signaling in long global a challenge, resulting in a need for an improved interconnect technology. Optical signalling is a promising alternative to existing global interconnects and alleviates interconnect bottle-neck. This paper presents a design of a CMOS trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) that is intended for a truly CMOS compatible on-chip optical clock distribution system. This TIA employs replica biasing technique to achieve stability while maximizing its bandwidth and gain. The design was implemented in a 0.35μm CMOS process and is currently under probe testing. The simulation results show that the design achieved a bandwidth of 1GHz and gain of 128dB-Ω. Extensive Monte-Carlo simulations indicate the superior characteristics of stability under a variety of process and environmental variations.
The perceived function of eating for bulimic, subclinical bulimic, and non-eating disordered women

This study investigated the perceived function of eating for women with bulimia nervosa (BN) and subclinical (SC) BN. Although previous studies suggest that, independent of eating, BNs report using food as a way of coping, research has not assessed eating as a coping response in the naturalistic setting. Two hypotheses regarding the perceived function of eating were tested, an avoidant coping and a self-nurturance hypothesis. For 1 week, 20 women with BN, 32 women with subclinical BN, and 28 non-eating disordered women completed food diaries assessing the occurrence and severity of negative events, the use of self-nurturance and avoidance coping, and positive and negative affect before and after eating. Results suggest that women with BN were more likely to report the occurrence of negative events before eating episodes compared to SCs and controls. BNs were also more likely to report the use of food as an avoidance coping mechanism compared to SCs and controls. The affect analyses suggest that eating is associated with an increase in negative emotions for BNs. Taken together, the results suggest that eating for women with BN may be viewed as an avoidant coping response. This attempt by women with BN to cope, however, appears to be maladaptive in that it perpetuates their high level of distress.
Malassezia dermatitis and otitis.

Dermatitis and otitis caused by the yeast Malassezia pachydermatis is common in dogs, but unusual in cats. These conditions are extremely pruritic and may occur in conjunction with concurrent or predisposing diseases such as allergic dermatitis or endocrinopathy. Methods for diagnosis and management of Malassezia infections in dogs and cats are discussed.
Maps, models, and muddles: World trends and patterns in potatoes revisited

This paper examines trends and prospects for potatoes in developed and developing countries with an eye to incorporating a policy, historical, and quantitative perspective into that analysis. The available evidence indicates production surged ahead in many developing countries since 1960, while it stagnated or sharply declined in many, albeit not all, developed countries. Potato tubers are often sold as a high-priced vegetable in developing countries and marketed as a cheap, staple food in much of Europe and North America. Besides changes in incomes and consumers’ quest for more diverse diets, government policy — in both developed and developing countries — has often been an important consideration in influencing production and use of potatoes. Expanding output of potatoes can contribute to efforts to alleviate food shortages, improve rural incomes, and reduce poverty in developing countries — particularly in South Asia where poverty is highly concentrated.
Parental substance use consequences and adolescent psychopathology.

Objective: This study examines the relationship between parental substance use consequences and adolescent psychological problems by gender of the adolescent and gender of the parent. Method: The data in this study were collected between 1989 and 1994 from 173 (116 proband and 57 control) families participating in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) project. All 173 adolescents (89 [51%] boys) completed the Structured Assessment Record of Alcoholic Homes (SARAH) to assess parental substance use consequences. In addition, the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism for Adolescents (C-SSAGA-A) was administered to all adolescents to obtain clinical psychiatric diagnoses. Results: Concern about mother's substance use was significantly associated with adolescent alcohol dependence and major depressive disorder. In addition, concern about father's substance use was significantly related to adolescent alcohol dependence. Avoidance of mother when she was drinking or usin...
Selective migration from Samoa : a longitudinal study of pre-migration differences in social and psychological characteristics

In 1981 extensive questionnaire and interview data were collected on some 100 young Samoan adults. Five years later in 1986 we determined their whereabouts and divided the data in accordance with migration status. The answers of the 35 who had migrated in the intervening period were contrasted to those 65 who remained in Samoa. The migrants differed in several distinct areas. Migrants reported a higher degree of peer-reliance as a personal adaptive strategy. Migrants also reported larger numbers of individuals in social support networks, a higher quality of support and more community involvement. They also report less expressive display of anger. Those who did not migrate reported a slightly better view of life in Samoa and abroad, as well as better relations with their friends and neighbors. These findings support a hypothesis that migrants are pre-selected to fit into migrant communities and do not appear to be misfits who are unhappy with life in Samoa.
Specification Search for Identifying the Correct Mean Trajectory in Polynomial Latent Growth Models.

This study investigated the optimal strategy for model specification search under the latent growth modeling (LGM) framework, specifically on searching for the correct polynomial mean or average growth model when there is no a priori hypothesized model in the absence of theory. In this simulation study, the effectiveness of different starting models on the search of the true mean growth model was investigated in terms of the mean and within-subject variance-covariance (V-C) structure model. The results showed that specifying the most complex (i.e., unstructured) within-subject V-C structure with the use of LRT, ΔAIC, and ΔBIC achieved the highest recovery rate (>85%) of the true mean trajectory. Implications of the findings and limitations are discussed.
Low back pain following a fall.

The patient was a 29-year-old man who presented to an emergency department with a chief complaint of low back pain. Symptom onset occurred 3 weeks earlier, following a fall off a roof. The physician ordered radiographs of the thoracic and lumbar spines, which were interpreted as normal. After receiving the results of the radiographs, the physician referred the patient to a physical therapist working in the emergency department. Because of the strong suspicion for a fracture and because radiographs are not considered to be sensitive to some of the bony changes associated with fractures,1 computed tomography imaging of the thoracic and lumbar spines was ordered. The computed tomography imaging revealed multilevel, small end-plate compression defects, most marked at T12-L1, with mild anterior wedging and retropulsion of a small bone fragment at L1. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(8):584. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.0415
RECREATION AT THE MC CLELLAN‐KERR ARKANSAS RIVER NAVIGATION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT: Recreation has produced substantial employment, incomes, economic development, and migration impacts since completion of the McCle-lan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System. These impacts support the influence of navigation, hydropower, flood control, and channel stabilization outputs on regional development. The marked success is not without substantial costs in public resources, including manpower which are devoted to recreational management. Increasing the share of financial resources obtained from recreational users and transfer of management responsibilities to nonfederal agencies, including private concessionaires is recommended.
Cenozoic High Latitude Heterochroneity of Southern Hemisphere Marine Faunas

Discovery of 11 genera, in five classes within the Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Arthropoda in upper Eocene rocks on Seymour Island, Antarctica, previously known only from Late Cenozoic in mid-latitudes, suggests that the high latitude region of the Southern Hemisphere acted as a center of origin and dispersal for a broad spectrum of taxa. Precursors to modern deep- and shallow-water mid-latitude forms evolved and flourished in the high latitudes until conditions in lower latitudes favored their dispersal. These observations of Antarctic marine invertebrates corroborate those recently made about terrestrial mammals and plants in the Arctic.
Are China and India backward? Evidence from the 19th century U.S. Census of Manufactures

Abstract Hsieh and Klenow (2009) argue that a large fraction of aggregate TFP differences between the U.S. and the developing countries of China and India can be explained by factor misallocation. Their interpretation is that this misallocation is due to institutions and policies in these developing countries that redirect resources from productive to unproductive firms. Using the U.S. Census of Manufactures from the late 19th century, I find that the level of dispersion in these modern, less developed countries is very similar to that in the 19th century U.S. What is similar about the countries is their level of development not the existence of institutions that Hsieh and Klenow (2009) emphasize such as state-owned enterprises as in China or entry restrictions as in India. These results suggest that the institutional basis of misallocation potentially goes beyond these overtly distortionary policies. I apply their accounting procedure to the U.S. and find that between 4% and 7% of total manufacturing TFP growth in the 20th century can be attributed to a more efficient intra-industry allocation of resources. I conclude by discussing some other explanations for these results including differences in transportation networks and lack of competitive regulation.
Studies on the metabolism of photosynthetic bacteria. XII. Comparative light and dark metabolism of acetate and carbonate by Rhodospirillum rubrum.

Summary o 1. “Resting” suspensions of the photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodospirillum rubrum have been incubated in the light and in the dark in phosphate-buffered media containing the following combinations of labeled substrates: ( a ) 2-C 14 -acetate, or 1-C 14 -acetate, and carbonate; ( b ) C 14 -labeled bicarbonate and unlabeled acetate; ( c ) C 14 -labeled bicarbonate and H 2 . 2. The distribution of labeled carbon in water-alcohol-soluble, etherextractable, and acid-insoluble fractions as a function of time, temperature, and nature of labeled substrate has been studied. 3. The appearance of insoluble material (mainly lipide) is rapid even at 0°C. during photometabolism in medium ( a ). Exposures of less than 10 sec. at 0°C. are required to retain more than 90% of the total C 14 fixed in the water-alcohol-soluble, neutral ether-insoluble fraction. 4. The major fraction of the water-soluble labeled carbon in medium ( a ) is found in an unknown compounds(s) with R f values nearly identical to those for α-ketoglutarate in the solvents used for chromatographic analysis. 5. The major fraction of the water-soluble labeled carbon during photometabolism in medium ( b ) or ( c ) is fixed in phosphate esters, primarily phosphoglycerate. 6. When medium ( a ) is fortified with a source of nitrogen and growth factors, the distribution pattern found in the water-soluble fraction in experiments is changed to resemble that found using medium ( b ) or ( c ). 7. Dark metabolism in the various media results in labeling patterns analogous to those found using the same media in light, with the minor exceptions that less insoluble matter is formed relative to the total fixed, and a more general distribution in a wider variety of compounds is observed in the water-soluble fraction. 8. It is concluded that probably no carbon fixations exist unique to the photic process and that the fixation pattern expressed is determined by thermal metabolic patterns existing in the organism prior to and during illumination.
Use Alteration of Pottery Vessel Surfaces: An Important Source of Evidence for the Identification of Vessel Function:

Eighty-one whole and partial vessels recovered from domestic structures and burial contexts at two Barnett phase sites in northwestern Georgia have been analyzed for evidence of surface alteration resulting from use. Three types of use alteration found on these vessels—sooting, oxidation discoloration and interior surface pitting—are described, and the processes by which they were produced are identified. The associations that exist between types of surface alteration and the morphological vessel types characteristic of the Barnett phase vessel assemblage are described and interpreted. Because these types of surface alteration are the result of actual vessel usage, they are a source of reliable evidence for identifying the function of individual vessels and of morphological vessel types.
Business analytics: Why now and what next?

Abstract Business analytics is a revolution that is impossible to miss. At its core, business analytics is about leveraging value from data. Instead of being referred to as the ‘sludge of the information age,’ data has recently been deemed ‘the new oil.’ While data can be employed for purposes such as detecting new opportunities, identifying market niches, and developing new products and services, it is also notoriously amorphous and hard to extract value from. In this Guest Editors’ Perspective, we first present a structural framework for deriving value from business analytics. Extracting value from data requires aligning strategy and desirable behaviors to business performance management in conjunction with analytic tasks and capabilities. We then introduce three special articles that provide in-depth insights regarding how business analytics is being employed in the management of healthcare, accounting, and supply chains.
Adaptive Cross Polarization Interference Cancellation for Satellite Downlinks: Architecture Trades and Performance Analysis

Dual Polarization Frequency Reuse (DPFR) effectively doubles the available frequency spectrum by simultaneously transmitting two independent signals over the same frequency band by using orthogonal polarizations. The result is a communication link whose capacity is essentially doubled. Such system gain does not come without its potential impairments. At higher frequencies, depolarization can occur due to several factors such as rain or poor antenna axial ratio thereby inducing interference and reducing link availability. For satellite-to-ground links, Adaptive Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation (AXPIC) can be employed to mitigate the effects of depolarization and maximize link availability. Using the framework of a modem to be employed in a satellite downlink, AXPIC design trades and their system impacts are discussed. Laboratory tests producing cross-polarization channels are described along with performance test results for a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) AXPIC. As a benchmark with respect to un-restricted system complexity, modulation constrained information rate analysis for DPFR with cross-polarization interference is derived. Information theoretic analysis for a MMSE AXPIC is also presented with laboratory test results showing performance gains consistent with analysis.
Who’s Happy in Plato’s Republic?

Plato’s Republic suggests that everyone is better off being just than unjust, yet scholars have disputed whether Plato actually proves it. It is especially unclear whether the Republic shows that non-philosophers are better off being just. I argue that, despite appearances to the contrary, Plato knowingly offers no convincing proof of this, though it is reasonable to infer from the text that Plato genuinely believes it. Thus, the Republic comes to light as a complex piece of protreptic rhetoric: offering an exhortation (‘Be just!’) while withholding the rational basis for that exhortation – thus provoking philosophic inquiry rather than concluding it.
Optimizing the high-resolution manometry (HRM) study protocol

Background Intolerance of the esophageal manometry catheter may prolong high-resolution manometry (HRM) studies and increase patient distress. We assessed the impact of obtaining the landmark phase at the end of the study when the patient has acclimatized to the HRM catheter. Methods 366 patients (mean age 55.4 ± 0.8 years, 62.0% female) undergoing esophageal HRM over a 1-year period were studied. The standard protocol consisted of the landmark phase, 10 5 mL water swallows 20–30 s apart, and multiple rapid swallows where 4–6 2 mL swallows were administered in rapid succession. The modified protocol consisted of the landmark phase at the end of the study after test swallows. Study duration, technical characteristics, indications, and motor findings were compared between standard and modified protocols. Key Results Of the 366 patients, 89.6% underwent the standard protocol (study duration 12.9 ± 0.3 min). In 10.4% with poor catheter tolerance undergoing the modified protocol, study duration was significantly longer (15.6 ± 1.0 min, p = 0.004) despite similar duration of study maneuvers. Only elevated upper esophageal sphincter basal pressures at the beginning of the study segregated modified protocol patients. The 95th percentile time to landmark phase in the standard protocol patients was 6.1 min; as many as 31.4% of modified protocol patients could not obtain their first study maneuver within this period (p = 0.0003). Interpretation was not impacted by shifting the landmark phase to the end of the study. Conclusions & Inferences Modification of the HRM study protocol with the landmark phase obtained at the end of the study optimizes study duration without compromising quality.