cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
From personal to professional: impacts of trust in information systems and analytics

Trust continues to be a major focus of information systems research as technology pushes further into both our personal and professional lives. However, little attention has been paid to how personal use of technology influences professional trust in its value for modern business processes such as business analytics activities. We conduct an empirical study to examine whether emotional trust formed by personal use of technology impacts workplace trust in business analytics activities. In the context of personal use of social media technology, we examine trust as an antecedent to adoption and look at whether trust in social media will lead to a perceived relative advantage for its use in business analytics processes. Our findings suggest that personal use-based emotional trust influences the trust in social media-based business analytics processes. Additionally, we find evidence suggesting that trust towards social media communities affect the perceived advantage of using social media in analytics.
Work: The Capacity for Generative Work

All things considered, the capacity to search and discover a profession or vocation (meaningful work) that matches one’s particular personal attributes, ambitions, beliefs, ideals, values, skills, and talents and from which one derives a felt sense of identificatory resonance and creative generativity (productivity) is a sign of maturity and mental health. In its highest form, a vocation may be viewed as a calling the response to which actualizes an essential meaning in life, an important part of one’s “potentiality to be.”
Standardized Autonomic Testing in Patients With Probable Radiation-Induced Afferent Baroreflex Failure

Injury of the afferent limb of the baroreflex from neck radiation causes radiation-induced afferent baroreflex failure (R-ABF). Identification and management of R-ABF is challenging. We aimed to in...
Using Profile Information to Assist Advaced Compiler Optimization and Scheduling

Compilers for superscalar and VLIW processors must expose sufficient instruction-level parallelism in order to achieve high performance. Compiletime code transformations which expose instruction-level parallelism typically take into account the constraints imposed by all execution scenarios in the program. However, there are additional opportunities to increase instructionlevel parallelism along the frequent execution scenario at the expense of the less frequent execution sequences. Profile information identifies these important execution sequences in a program. In this paper, two major categories of profile information are studied: control-flow and memory-dependence. Profile-based transformations have been incorporated into the IMPACT compiler. These transformations include global optimization, acyclic global scheduling, and software pipelining. The effectiveness of these profile-based techniques is evaluated for a range of superscalar and VLIW processors.
Antecedents and Consequences of Perceived Interactivity

AbstractThe study reported in this paper investigated how, as antecedents, personal factors influence consumers’ perception of a web site’s interactivity in the context of making a purchase decision. A review of literature suggests three general factors - Need for Cognition (NFC), product involvement, and product expertise - and three Internet-specific factors - skills, challenges, and web shopping experience - for testing. In addition, attitude toward the web site and purchase intention are examined as consequences of perceived interactivity.NFC was found to be a significant predictor of perceived interactivity of the web site visited. Although marginally significant, skills were also found to be a predictor. The model was supported for one of the three manufacturers’ portal sites employed in the study. Additional analysis found that consumers’ purchase intention was influenced by their attitude toward the web site, but not by the perceived interactivity of the site. This relationship was found for two o...
Conditional Posterior Cramér–Rao Lower Bound and its Applications in Adaptive Sensor Management

For a general nonlinear non-Gaussian tracking problem, the new concept of conditional posterior Cramer–Rao lower bound (PCRLB) is introduced as a performance metric for adaptive sensor management. Both the exact conditional PCRLB and its recursive evaluation approach are presented. The recursive conditional PCRLB can be computed efficiently as a by-product of the particle filter which is often used to solve nonlinear tracking problems. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate that the conditional-PCRLB-based sensor management approach leads to similar estimation performance as that provided by the state-of-the-art information theoretic measure-based approaches. Analytical results show that the complexity of the conditional PCRLB is linear in the number of sensors to be managed, as opposed to the exponentially increasing complexity of the mutual information. Future work is proposed to develop conditional-PCRLB-based sensor management approaches in camera networks.
An activating mutation in ARF1 stabilizes coatomer binding to Golgi membranes.

Abstract The Ras-related protein ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) is a low molecular weight GTP binding protein, which in its GTP state supports the binding of coatomer, a cytosolic coat protein complex, to Golgi membranes. To create an "active" ARF, we constructed a point mutation in ARF1, Q71I, which was predicted to slow the rate of GTP hydrolysis. We demonstrate that Q71I, in contrast to wild type ARF1, exhibits a 2-3-fold increase in the half-life of ARF-GTP and is able to promote stable coatomer binding to Golgi membranes in the presence of GTP in vitro. Additionally, Q71I is able to support the binding of a significant amount of coatomer to membranes in the absence of added nucleotides, effectively bypassing the brefeldin A (BFA)-sensitive exchange activity. Furthermore, transfection of cells with Q71I, but not ARF1, renders the Golgi association of coatomer resistant to the effects of BFA in vivo. These observations provide compelling evidence that ARF1 is a necessary GTP binding protein that regulates the reversible binding of coat proteins to Golgi membranes and that the effects of BFA on this process in living cells must be a consequence of BFA's inhibition of guanine nucleotide exchange onto ARF1.
A spontaneous uterine tumor in a new world primate Saguinus (Oedipomidas) oedipus.

The first case of a uterine tumor in the New World primate Saguinus (Oedipomidus) oedipus is described. Histologically, the tumor was composed of telangiectatic vessels, proliferating smooth muscle...
The anaerobic dissimilation of sedoheptulose-2-C14 and sedoheptulose-3-C14 by Aerobacter aerogenes.

Sedoheptulose-2-C14 and sedoheptulose-3-C14 were synthesized from D-ribose and D-erythrose with labelled cyanide by application of the cyanhydrin and the diazomethane syntheses. The sugars were dis...
Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America

421. Bibliographies analytiques sur 1’Afrique Centrale: Tome II, Les PCriodiques congolais 1960-1969. Brussels, Centre d’Etude et de Documentation Africaines, 1978. 244 pp. 1000 Belgian francs [Available from CEDAF, 7 Place Royale, 1000 Brussels] The first 3 volumes in this series of annoted bibliographies on Central Africa are devoted to Zaire. The present volume, which was published in 1978, lists articles in the social sciences appearing in scientific periodicals published in Zaire between 1960 and 1969. Volume 1, published in 1978, dealt with articles published between 1970 and 1977, and a third volume to be published in 1979 will cover articles from 1970-1977 not available at the time Volume I was prepared. Arrangement is alphabetical by name of periodical and chronological by date of publication. There are indexes by subject and author. Bibliographies on education and research on economic development in Zaire are slated for publication in 1979.
Total body heliotherapy.

Sunlight has long been known to be beneficial for a variety of skin diseases. Patients with psoriasis and eczema frequently employ ambient heliotherapy to control their conditions. However, social norms do not permit a person to expose the entire body in public, thus placing severe restrictions on the utility of this modality for the treatment of generalized psoriasis, for example. Tan-ThruTM bathing suits, designed to attract those who wish to tan without an accentuated “tan line”, are reported to absorb ultraviolet (UV) rays up to a maximum equivalent of a sun protection factor (SPF) 10 sunblock, thus offering approximately 89% protection while in use, according to their manufacturer. If so, this bathing suit may allow patients with UV-responsive skin dermatoses to achieve full body exposure in a socially acceptable manner. The objective of this study was to verify the SPF and to determine the actual transmittance to skin covered by a Tan-ThruTM bathing suit. Ten healthy adult subjects were recruited for this investigation. UVB minimal erythema dose (MED) was determined on unaffected gluteal or lower back skin, once with and once without the swimsuit on. Our results showed that the mean SPF afforded by the bathing suit was in fact 4.9 (range 4.5-5.6). In conclusion, theoretically, the Tan-ThruTM bathing suits could allow enough UVB penetration under ambient conditions to be beneficial for patients with UVB responsive conditions.
The Response of Stratified, Frictional Flow of Shelf and Slope Waters to Fluctuating Large-Scale, Low-Frequency Wind Forcing

Abstract Numerical and analytical models are developed to discuss large-scale, low-frequency, wind-driven fluctuations over the continental shelf and slope in the presence of realistic density stratification and bottom friction. The models employ the “long-wave” assumption that frequencies are small relative to the inertial frequency and that alongshore scales are large relative to cross cross-shelf scales. An attempt is made to make the effect of bottom friction on the flow as realistic as possible by taking into account the influence of surface gravity waves on bottom stress. The results were obtained for sinusoidal wind forcing having frequency ω and alongshore wavenumber l and are described below. A general criterion for barotropic shelf water response for wind forcing frequencies ω in the “weather” band (2π/few weeks to 2π/few days) can be derived. For the purpose of rapid calculation, this criterion reduces, approximately, tohere Ns2 is a shelf-averaged value of the buoyancy frequency squared, α is ...
All words are not created equal: expectations about word length guide infant statistical learning.

Abstract Infants have been described as ‘statistical learners’ capable of extracting structure (such as words) from patterned input (such as language). Here, we investigated whether prior knowledge influences how infants track transitional probabilities in word segmentation tasks. Are infants biased by prior experience when engaging in sequential statistical learning? In a laboratory simulation of learning across time, we exposed 9- and 10-month-old infants to a list of either disyllabic or trisyllabic nonsense words, followed by a pause-free speech stream composed of a different set of disyllabic or trisyllabic nonsense words. Listening times revealed successful segmentation of words from fluent speech only when words were uniformly disyllabic or trisyllabic throughout both phases of the experiment. Hearing trisyllabic words during the pre-exposure phase derailed infants’ abilities to segment speech into disyllabic words, and vice versa. We conclude that prior knowledge about word length equips infants with perceptual expectations that facilitate efficient processing of subsequent language input.
A prospective comparison of gastric and jejunoileal bypass procedures for morbid obesity1

A randomized prospective evaluation of the gastric and jejunoileal bypass procedures for morbid obesity was performed. The gastric bypass was performed predominantly as a 90% gastric exclusion with a Roux-en-Y reconstitution. The jejunoileal bypass was an end-to-end anastomosis between 30 cm of jejunum and 25 cm of terminal ileum, the bypassed segment of small bowel being decompressed by an end-to-side ileocolostomy. There were 32 patients in the gastric group and 27 in the jejunoileal group. The two groups were comparable in age, preoperative weight and height. There were no postoperative deaths, but the gastric bypass operation was associated with a slightly higher early complication rate indicating it is a more technically demanding procedure. Late sequellae were more prominent in the jejunoileal bypass group and included significant diarrhea in 56% and need for medication in 74%. Kidney stones and cholelithlasis also complicated the jejunoileal group and were not seen after gastric bypass. All patients showed fatty metamorphosis on the original liver biopsy. This had worsened in 75% of the jejunoileal group at one year whereas it had improved or was stable in all of the patients in the gastric group.
Participant characteristics and intervention processes associated with reductions in television viewing in the High Five for Kids study.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the High Five for Kids intervention effect on television within subgroups, examine participant characteristics associated with process measures and assess perceived helpfulness of television intervention components. Method High Five (randomized controlled trial of 445 overweight/obese 2–7 year-olds in Massachusetts [2006–2008]) reduced television by 0.36 h/day. 1-year effects on television viewing, stratified by subgroup, were assessed using linear regression. Among intervention participants (n = 253), associations of intervention component helpfulness with television reduction were examined using linear regression and associations of participant characteristics with processes linked to television reduction (choosing television and completing intervention visits) were examined using logistic regression. Results High Five reduced television across subgroups. Parents of Latino (versus white) children had lower odds of completing ≥ 2 study visits (Odds Ratio: 0.39 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.18, 0.84]). Parents of black (versus white) children had higher odds of choosing television (Odds Ratio: 2.23 [95% Confidence Interval: 1.08, 4.59]), as did parents of obese (versus overweight) children and children watching ≥ 2 h/day (versus Conclusion Clinic-based motivational interviewing reduces television viewing in children. Low cost education approaches (e.g., printed materials) may be well-received. Parents of children at higher obesity risk could be more motivated to reduce television.
Survival Probability¶in Rank-One Perturbation Problems

A finite complex Borel measure μ on the unit circle or on the real line is called Rajchman if its Fourier coefficients tend to 0 as n→∞. In quantum dynamics the self-adjoint operators (Hamiltonians) whose spectral measures are Rajchman correspond to the systems having certain scattering properties. In this paper we study how a small perturbation of the operator can affect the Rajchman property of its spectral measure. Our approach is based on the notion of the local symmetry of measures.
Early ghrelin treatment attenuates disruption of the blood brain barrier and apoptosis after traumatic brain injury through a UCP-2 mechanism.

Abstract Ghrelin has been shown to be anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective in models of neurologic injury. We hypothesize that treatment with ghrelin will attenuate breakdown of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and apoptosis 24 h following traumatic brain injury (TBI). We believe this protection is at least in part mediated by up-regulation of UCP-2, thereby stabilizing mitochondria and preventing up-regulation of caspase-3. A weight drop model was used to create severe TBI. Balb/c mice were divided into 3 groups. Sham: no TBI or ghrelin treatment; TBI: TBI only; TBI/ghrelin: 20 μg (IP) ghrelin at the time of TBI. BBB permeability to 70 kDa FITC-Dextran was measured 24 h following injury and quantified in arbitrary integrated fluorescence (afu). Brain tissue was subjected to TUNEL staining and TUNEL positive cells were quantified. Immunohistochemistry was performed on injured tissue to reveal patterns of caspase-3 and UCP-2 expression. TBI increased cerebral vascular permeability by three-fold compared to sham. Ghrelin treatment restored vascular permeability to the level of shams. TUNEL staining showed that ghrelin mitigated the significant increase in apoptosis that follows TBI. TBI increased both caspase-3 compared to sham. Treatment with ghrelin significantly increased UCP-2 compared to TBI alone and this increase in UCP-2 expression was associated with a decrease in expression of caspase-3. Early ghrelin treatment prevents TBI induced BBB disruption and TBI mediated apoptosis 24 h following injury. These results demonstrate the neuroprotective potential of ghrelin as a therapy in TBI.
Implicit Closeness to Blacks, Support for Affirmative Action, Slavery Reparations, and Vote Intentions for Barack Obama in the 2008 Elections

Does pro-Black policy support require an individual to be unbiased? I distinguish two types of implicit attitudes based on whether the attitude-target is evaluated as an object (evaluative associations) or as an independent social agent (relational associations). In a series of studies (N = 3,073), a significant anti-Black evaluative association bias emerges. In contrast, relational associations are significantly pro-Black and are unrelated to evaluative associations. Relational associations predict opinions regarding affirmative action, government help for Blacks, slavery reparations, and intentions to vote for Barack Obama. Thus, minority representation based on relational associations may not require absence of anti-minority evaluative bias.
The effect of anemia on metabolic performance in the frog, Rana pipiens

Anemias were induced in Rana pipiens hemolytically and by repetitive bleedings. Maximal rates of oxygen consumption ( max) declined with anemia. The pattern of decline in max with anemia did not closely approximate theoretical predictions of systematic oxygen transport. Anemic frogs accumulated lactate faster than control frogs during exercise. The length of exercise time to fatigue (stamina) was positively correlated with both gastrocnemius and blood lactate concentrations, indicating that fatigue was not dependent on a threshold lactate concentration in muscle or blood. Anemic frogs had the same stamina as control frogs.
Engineering of Bacterial Phytochromes for in vivo Imaging

Visualization of biological processes non-invasively in live animals is an invaluable approach in basic and translational biology. The progress in optically-based in vivo imaging requires genetically-encoded near-infrared probes [1]. In a near-infrared region of the optical spectrum (650-900 nm) mammalian tissue is more transparent to light because the combined absorption by hemoglobin and water is minimal. On the basis of bacterial phytochromes we have engineered three types of near-infrared fluorescence probes, which utilize present in mammalian tissues heme-derived biliverdin as a chromophore. These probes include several spectrally distinct permanently fluorescent proteins (iRFP670, iRFP682, iRFP702, iRFP713 and iRFP720) [2], fluorescent proteins that are photoactivatable from low to high brightness (PAiRFP1 and PAiRFP2) [3] and bimolecular fluorescence complementation probe that reports on protein-protein interactions (iSplit) [4]. The designed near-infrared proteins were imaged in tumor models in living animals. The multicolor deep-tissue and whole-body fluorescence imaging [2-4] and multicontrast photoacoustic imaging [5] techniques aided by the developed probes should become common approaches in cell and developmental biology, in studies of cancer and pathogen invasion, and in biomedicine.[1] Piatkevich K.D., Subach F.V. and Verkhusha V.V. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2013, 42, 3441-3452.[2] Shcherbakova D. M. and Verkhusha V. V. Nat. Methods, 2013, 10, 751-754.[3] Piatkevich K. D., Subach F. V. and Verkhusha V. V. Nat. Commun., 2013, 4, 2153.[4] Filonov G. S. and Verkhusha V.V. Chem. Biol., 2013, 20, 1078-1086.[5] Krumholz A., Shcherbakova D. M., Xia J., Wang L. V. and Verkhusha V. V. Sci. Reports, 2014, 4, 3939.
Numerical Evaluation of Corrosion Condition for Pressurized Water Reactor Secondary Cooling System

Flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) in a pressurized water reactor (PWR) feedwater piping system is considered the leading degradation process that has been blamed for a number of accidents and incidents. One of the challenging issues in estimating FAC in piping is the hydrazine (N2 H4 ) oxygen (O2 ) reaction rate and its subsequent impact on the wall mass transfer. N2 H4 is injected in the system to maintain a stable pH in the water and also to act as an O2 scavenger. Previous research results indicate a varying degree of FAC rate dependence on the presence of N2 H4 in the system. The N2 H4 -O2 reaction is also a complex function of temperature and pipe material. The present paper presents a two-part analysis that uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools to investigate the N2 H4 -O2 reaction and its subsequent impact on mass transfer. In the first part of the analysis, chemistry and flow of water with dissolved O2 and N2 H4 is simulated to assess different reaction mechanisms available in the literature. Results obtained from this study are compared with available experimental data for benchmarking. The numerical results were able to capture the general pattern of reaction rate as a function of temperature. Numerical simulations were also carried out to accommodate the surface effects on the reaction, but results indicate that such accommodations will yield useful results only if the geometrical extent of the near-wall-zone, where surface effects are prevalent, is well known. In the second part of the analysis, numerical simulations were carried out for a U-bend pipe. A number of restrictive assumptions were made to assess the dependence of O2 mass-transfer rate on N2 H4 -O2 reaction. Hydrodynamic results show the secondary flow pattern within the bend section. Results are also presented for the Sherwood number ratio at the pipe wall with and without reaction. Results indicate that the N2 H4 -O2 reaction decreases the O2 flow rate toward the wall. This calculation also shows that secondary flow in the bend affects the wall mass transfer pattern.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Zooplankton Selection by Young Yellow Perch: The Influence of Light, Prey Density, and Predator Size

Abstract A study to examine the influence of light, prey density, and fish size on prey selection by age-0 yellow perch Perca flavescens was conducted at Oneida Lake, 1982–1983. Our approach was to design laboratory experiments resembling events in the lake and to compare experimental results with field observations. Both laboratory and field results demonstrated that young yellow perch ate smaller prey when light intensity increased. Under low light, young yellow perch detected and ate only the larger-bodied daphnids and fed on a broader array of prey species as light intensity increased. Above 230 1x, size selection for zooplankton was independent of prey abundance and depended mostly on fish size. A prey-selection model was developed to predict the median size of prey selected based on light intensity, fish size, percent Daphnia sp. in the environment, and prey density. At light intensities less than 230 1x, the variables of light, fish size, and percent daphnia contributed significantly (R2 = 0.34; P ...
Optimal bucket algorithms for large MPI collectives on torus interconnects

Collectives are an important and frequently used component of MPI. Bucket algorithms, also known as "large vector" algorithms, were introduced in the early 90's and have since evolved as a well known paradigm for large MPI collectives. Many modern day supercomputers such as the IBM Blue Gene and Cray XT are based on torus interconnects that offer a highly scalable interconnection architecture for distributed memory systems. While near optimal algorithms have been developed for torus interconnects in other paradigms, such as spanning trees, bucket algorithms have not been optimally extended to these networks. In this paper, we study the basic "divide, distribute and gather" MPI collectives for bucket algorithms -- Allgather, Reduce-scatter and Allreduce -- for large messages on torus interconnects.We present bucket-based algorithms for these collectives on bidirectional links. We show that these algorithms are optimal in terms of bandwidth and computation for symmetric torus networks (i.e. when all the dimensions are equal), matching the theoretical lower bounds For an asymmetric torus, our algorithms are asymptotically optimal and converge to the lower bound for large dimension sizes. We also argue that our bucket algorithms are more scalable on multi-cores in comparison to spanning tree algorithms. Previous studies of bucket algorithms on torus interconnects have focused on unidirectional links and have been unable to obtain tight lower bounds and optimal algorithms. We close this gap by providing stronger lower bounds and showing that our bidirectional algorithms can easily be adapted to the unidirectional case, matching our lower bounds in terms of bandwidth and computational complexity.We implement our algorithms on the IBM Blue Gene/P Supercomputer, which has quad-core nodes connected in a 3-dimensional torus, using the low level communication interface. We demonstrate that our algorithms perform within 7--30% of the lower bounds for different MPI collectives. We demonstrate good scaling using multicores. We also demonstrate a factor of 3 to 17 speedup for various collectives in comparison to the latest optimized MPI implementation.
JCL Roundtable: Health information technology in the management of lipoprotein disorders

One of the most serious challenges to all physicians is the maintenance of therapy for those chronic disorders that at present cannot be cured. Elevations of low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein are among the most common of those disorders. We are now in an era in which 2 fundamental developments of modern technology have come together. These are the supply of effective and safe lipid-lowering drugs as well as the ability to closely monitor pertinent measures in our patients. The rapid conversion of our health care systems into large teams of professionals with direct support from third-party payers has made it possible to coordinate chronic care through electronic medical records and electronic communication. As a result, with effective planning and organization, we can guide our patients toward better adherence to successful medical regimens. These issues are evolving rapidly and have been presented in some detail in the December 2013 issue of the Journal. I was joined in this Roundtable discussion by 3 health professionals who have had extensive experience with the application of health information technology. They are Dr. Karen Aspry and Dr. Alan Brown, both clinical cardiologists, and Dr. Matthew Ito, a Doctor of Pharmacy.
Theory for the ground state of quantum crystals

Abstract We propose a new variational method for treating the ground state of quantum crystals which is free from the ills associated with cluster expansion procedures. Its application to solid 4 He and neutron star matter produced satisfactory results.
Spectrophotometric determination of isoniazid using ethyl 8-quinolinoxy acetate

Abstract A colorimetric method based on the interaction of isoniazid and the newly synthesized ethyl 8-quinolinoxy acetate (2) was developed. The absorbance was measured at 504 nm and the procedure was found to be sensitive for INH in the 10−4 M range. The method was applied to the analysis of the drug in pharmaceutical dosage forms and proved to be simple, demonstrating good accuracy and precision. Structural elucidation of the reagent 2 as well as the chromogen 4 has been achieved using 1H NMR and elemental analyses.
“Blackened Beyond Our Native Hue”: Removal, Identity and the Trelawney Maroons on the Margins of the Atlantic World, 1796–18001

In the spring of 1796, at the conclusion of the Second Maroon War in Jamaica, over 550 rebellious Trelawney Maroons were corralled onto the transport Dover, awaiting in Port Royal. Despite the Maro...
Controlled phase shifts with a single quantum dot.

Optical nonlinearities enable photon-photon interaction and lie at the heart of several proposals for quantum information processing, quantum nondemolition measurements of photons, and optical signal processing. To date, the largest nonlinearities have been realized with single atoms and atomic ensembles. We show that a single quantum dot coupled to a photonic crystal nanocavity can facilitate controlled phase and amplitude modulation between two modes of light at the single-photon level. At larger control powers, we observed phase shifts up to π/4 and amplitude modulation up to 50%. This was accomplished by varying the photon number in the control beam at a wavelength that was the same as that of the signal, or at a wavelength that was detuned by several quantum dot linewidths from the signal. Our results present a step toward quantum logic devices and quantum nondemolition measurements on a chip.
Damage to Association Fiber Tracts Impairs Recognition of the Facial Expression of Emotion

An array of cortical and subcortical structures have been implicated in the recognition of emotion from facial expressions. It remains unknown how these regions communicate as parts of a system to achieve recognition, but white matter tracts are likely critical to this process. We hypothesized that (1) damage to white matter tracts would be associated with recognition impairment and (2) the degree of disconnection of association fiber tracts [inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and/or inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF)] connecting the visual cortex with emotion-related regions would negatively correlate with recognition performance. One hundred three patients with focal, stable brain lesions mapped onto a reference brain were tested on their recognition of six basic emotional facial expressions. Association fiber tracts from a probabilistic atlas were coregistered to the reference brain. Parameters estimating disconnection were entered in a general linear model to predict emotion recognition impairments, accounting for lesion size and cortical damage. Damage associated with the right IFOF significantly predicted an overall facial emotion recognition impairment and specific impairments for sadness, anger, and fear. One subject had a pure white matter lesion in the location of the right IFOF and ILF. He presented specific, unequivocal emotion recognition impairments. Additional analysis suggested that impairment in fear recognition can result from damage to the IFOF and not the amygdala. Our findings demonstrate the key role of white matter association tracts in the recognition of the facial expression of emotion and identify specific tracts that may be most critical.
Radial streaming anisotropies of charged particles accelerated at the solar wind termination shock

Recent observations of an increase in energetic particle intensities on the Voyager 1 spacecraft, for several months in late 2002 to early 2003, suggest new phenomena associated with its approach to the termination shock of the solar wind. An important diagnostic used by the experimenters to interpret the event has been the radial anisotropy of the energetic particle distribution. In this Letter we consider the transport of energetic charged particles accelerated at the termination shock, both in the diffusion approximation and by directly integrating test particle trajectories in a turbulent magnetic field. We determine the radial anisotropy in a number of models. In general, we find that the radial anisotropy of the particles is complicated and that it cannot reliably be used to determine the radial velocity of the background plasma. In all cases considered, we find that the average radial anisotropy in the region upstream of the shock is directed toward the shock and is less than or equal to the Compton-Getting anisotropy in the slower wind downstream. We attribute the difference from the Compton-Getting anisotropy to the diffusive anisotropy, which is directed upstream away from the shock and which is part of the acceleration process. We suggest that the small radial anisotropy observed on Voyager 1 at low energies may actually be an indication that Voyager 1 was located upstream of the shock during the entire event. In addition, we find large fluctuating anisotropies along the magnetic field (nearly transverse to the radial direction).
Effects of Cyclic Lipodepsipeptide Structural Modulation on Stability, Antibacterial Activity, and Human Cell Toxicity

Bacterial infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, identifying novel antibacterial targets and new antibacterial agents capable of treating infections by drug-resistant bacteria is of vital importance. The structurally simple yet potent fusaricidin or LI-F class of natural products represents a particularly attractive source of candidates for the development of new antibacterial agents. We synthesized 18 fusaricidin/LI-F analogues and investigated the effects of structure modification on their conformation, serum stability, antibacterial activity, and toxicity toward human cells. Our findings show that substitution of an ester bond in depsipeptides with an amide bond may afford equally potent analogues with improved stability and greatly decreased cytotoxicity. The lower overall hydrophobicity/amphiphilicity of amide analogues in comparison with their parent depsipeptides, as indicated by HPLC retention times, may explain the dissociation of antibacterial activity and human cell cytotoxicity. These results indicate that amide analogues may have significant advantages over fusaricidin/LI-F natural products and their depsipeptide analogues as lead structures for the development of new antibacterial agents.
Performance of a Continuous-Wave Neodymium Laser

A high-pressure compact xenon arc lamp with an ellipsoidal collector of 61-cm diameter and an opening of f/0.4 served as pumping source. The flux available from this source is concentrated into the 2 × 2 × 12 mm laser rods of neodymium-doped calcium tungstate by either a straight cone condenser or by a chiselshaped condenser. Both condenser designs are discussed. Continuous laser action has been achieved for periods up to more than one hour, using water cooling at room temperature.
Plasma serotonin levels are normal in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Serotonin (5-HT) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We hypothesized that plasma 5-HT would be elevated in PAH related to associated conditions. We performed a prospective cohort study of 21 patients with PAH undergoing initial right heart catheterization and 6 healthy controls. Platelet-free plasma 5-HT levels were similar in patients with idiopathic PAH, PAH related to associated conditions, and healthy controls. Higher 5-HT levels correlated with increased six-minute walk distance (r=0.55, p=0.04). These data suggest that plasma 5-HT levels are normal in PAH. Plasma 5-HT may therefore not be a useful biomarker in this condition.
A One-Pot Tandem Olefin Isomerization/Metathesis-Coupling (ISOMET) Reaction

A tandem catalytic reaction has been developed as part of a process to discover tungsten-based olefin metathesis catalysts that have a strong preference for terminal olefins over cis or trans internal isomers in olefin metathesis. This tandem isomerization/terminal olefin metathesis reaction (ISOMET) converts Cn trans internal olefins into C2n–2 cis olefins and ethylene. This reaction is made possible with Ru-based “alkene zipper” catalysts, which selectively isomerize trans olefins to an equilibrium mixture of trans and terminal olefins, plus tungsten-based metathesis catalysts that react relatively selectively with terminal olefins to give Z homocoupled products. The most effective catalysts are W(NAr)(C3H6)(pyr)(OHIPT) (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl; pyr = pyrrolide; OHIPT = O-2,6-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3) and various [CpRu(P–N)(MeCN)]X (X– = [B(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)4]–, PF6–, B(C6F5)4–) isomerization catalysts.
INNERVATION OF THE PULMONARY ARTERY BIFURCATION OF THE CAT.

The gross and microscopic innervation of the bifurcation and extrapulmonary portion of the pulmonary artery in the adult cat is described. Morphopharmacologic studies indicated that the major efferent and afferent innervation is contributed by the right recurrent cardiac nerve, a branch of the recurrent laryngeal. A morphologic description of the adventitial nerve bundles, preterminal axon plexus and medial, fine unmyelinated neurites as seen in methylene blue and Bielschowsky silver preparations is given. Rare, classical, pressoreceptor arborizations of de Castro type II were identified, but evidence was presented of degenerative and regenerative neural activity in the adventitial and pre-terminal plexus manifested by irregular axonic swellings, myelin ellipsoids with vacuolation, terminal growth cones and collateral sprouting. In these degenerative zones, the plexus assumed a more discontinuous organization showing features very suggestive of a simple pressoreceptor system composed predominantly of de Castro type I terminations. The in vitro pharmacologic studies using the isolated pulmonary artery-nerve preparation confirmed the existence of effector, vasoconstrictor adrenergic sympathetic fibers in the recurrent cardiac nerve. Small unmyelinated perivasal and perivasal collateral fibers disappear or show severe degenerative changes following bilateral sympathectomy, and are considered to represent the sympathtic autonomic component.
Temporal relationship between nerve-stump-length-dependent changes in the autophosphorylation of a cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and the acetylcholine receptor content in skeletal muscle.

The acetylcholine receptor (AChR) content and the autorphosphorylation of the regulatory subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase type II (R-II) were evaluated in rat soleus muscles at 24, 30 and 66 hr after surgical denervation by cutting the nerve at a short distance (short-nerve-stump) and at a long distance (long-nerve-stump) from the muscle. AChR content was based on the specific binding of [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin (BUTX); changes in the autophosphorylation of R-II were based upon the predominant in vitro32P-phosphorylation of a 56-Kd soluble protein in cytosolic fractions of solei. The AChR content and the32P-autophosphorylation of R-II were increased in samples from short-nerve-stump solei, but not from long-nerve-stump solei, after a denervation-time of 30 hr. This nerve-stump-length dependency indicates that the two denervation effects are not related to the immediate halt of impulse-evoked muscle contractility. Furthermore, the results show that alterations in the32P-autophosphorylation of R-II occurred before, as well as whenever, increases in the AChR content were found. Speculatively, this temporal relationship may be significant with respect to the potential role of R-II in gene expression.
Acoustic Properties of Normal Liquid 3 He in 98% Aerogel

We have performed longitudinal ultrasound (9.5 MHz) attenuation and sound velocity measurements in the normal state of liquid 3He in 98% aerogel. The absolute attenuation and sound velocity were determined by direct propagation of sound pulses through the medium in a wide range of temperatures, 2 mK<T<200 mK. Due to the scattering off the aerogel, the sound excitation remains as first sound over the entire range of temperatures and pressures studied. Unlike pure liquid 3He, the sound attenuation shows a minimum around 30–50 mK, depending on the pressure. We report our results of absolute sound attenuation measurements at 29 bars of sample pressure.
Three-loop static QCD potential in heavy quarkonia

Abstract We investigate the effects of including the full three-loop QCD correction to the static short distance 1 / r potential on the spectroscopy and decays in the charmonium and upsilon systems. We use a variational technique with the full three-loop corrected potential to determine a set of unperturbed trial wave functions and treat the relativistic and one-loop corrections as perturbations. The perturbed results are compared to the subset of the charmonium and upsilon spectra using a χ 2 test. This approach results in more accurate descriptions of the hyperfine splittings in both the b b ¯ and c c ¯ systems.
Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis and colony-stimulating cytokines

Abstract A case of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis that was treated with a granulocyte colony-stimulating cytokine is presented. The hematological status normalized. Two colony-stimulating factors are marketed for activating bone marrow function. Their utility in clozapine agranulocytoses is not clear, but they offer a potential new therapeutic option.
WINDING NUMBERS, COMPLEX CURRENTS, AND NON-HERMITIAN LOCALIZATION

The nature of extended states in disordered tight binding models with a constant imaginary vector potential is explored. Such models, relevant to vortex physics in superconductors and to population biology, exhibit a delocalization transition and a band of extended states even for a one-dimensional ring. Using an analysis of eigenvalue trajectories in the complex plane, we demonstrate that each delocalized state is characterized by an (integer) winding number, and evaluate the associated complex current. Winding numbers in higher dimensions are also discussed.
Attitudes of undergraduate physical education majors in Brazil toward teaching students with disabilities.

This study assessed the relationship of attitudes of physical education majors in Brazil to specific disabling conditions, i.e., Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, Specific Learning Disabilities, Moderate Mental Retardation, and Orthopedic Impairment. This study also identified which selected teachers' attributes, i.e., age, sex, years of teaching, course work in adapted physical education, course work in special education, years teaching students with disabilities, quality of teaching experience, and perceived competence were related to favorable attitudes. Analysis showed no significant differences toward teaching students with these disabilities. Simultaneous multiple regression procedure also showed perceived competence was the only statistically significant predictor of attitudes toward teaching such students.
Data editing in a clinical trial

Abstract In clinical research and, particularly, in multicenter clinical trials, data are collected onto study forms designed to minimize errors in the recorded data. Nevertheless, errors of various kinds must be anticipated, and it is necessary to devise means to detect, review, and correct erroneous values. General requirements of a data editing system and methods for accomplishing these tasks are presented. A general computer program for error detection and a method for updating the data base that leaves an “audit trail” of the original data and subsequent corrections are described.
The Impact of Repeat Attendance on Event Sponsorship Effects

Understanding the impact of retaining sponsors and event attendees offers important insight both to organizations that are contemplating long‐term sponsorship relationships and to event marketers seeking ongoing sponsorship partnerships. Yet prior to this study, the impact of multi‐year sponsorship and attendance on a sponsoring brand have not been investigated. The study addresses this gap through the examination of field survey results obtained during an annual sporting event. Data from a sample of 1227 attendees suggest that multi‐year attendance is associated with enhanced brand image and purchase intentions of an ongoing title sponsor's products. There are significant differences in attendees': (1) attitudes about the title sponsor and (2) increased likelihood of purchasing the sponsor's vehicles. Attitudes about the title sponsor were most favorable among spectators who attended the annual event multiple times and those who attended the event multiple times showed an increased likelihood of purchasi...
Time-dependent extension of the Hohenberg-Kohn-Levy energy-density functional

An energy-minimization principle based on the hydrodynamic formulation of quantum mechanics is used to develop a time-dependent energy-density functional. The external potential considered has a periodic dependence on time and the validity of the functional is restricted to those frequencies which are not so large as to cause a transition to an excited state. The present time-dependent energy-density functional reduces to the time-independent Hohenberg-Kohn-Levy functional in the static limit.
Interconnection of IEEE 802.15.4 islands through free space optical communication links

This article initiates a study on interconnecting Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) islands through the use of free space optical communication links. A cluster of wireless sensors, also known as motes, can be distributed in a certain location creating an IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless sensor network island that can convey information among its nodes. In many cases, multiple 802.15.4 islands exist within the same environment, such that the islands are out of motes' radio range of communication. In such cases, it is desirable to integrate the islands in order to exchange sensor information between them. In addition, in case of remote access of data, interconnecting the islands allows users to access information remotely from any island through a single Internet gateway. This article proposes a system for integrating 802.15.4 wireless sensor network islands. For certain applications, e.g., a battlefield, security is of high importance. Thus, in addition to providing reliable high speed communication links between the islands, these links should be secure and invulnerable to eavesdropping. Free Space Optical (FSO) links can be used to achieve these goals by providing secure, reliable, high-bandwidth communication among the 802.15.4 islands. An integration system consisting of two islands is implemented and tested. Information from one of the motes in the first island is sent to the second island through an FSO link. The integration system in this article presents a novel approach accompanied by an actual implementation. It is the author's hope that the suggested framework can be profitably employed in a wide range of WSN applications.
Holonomy Lie Algebras and the LCS Formula for Subarrangements of An

If X is the complement of a hypersurface in 8 n , then Kohno showed in [11] that the nilpotent completion of π 1 (X) is isomorphic to the nilpotent completion of the holonomy Lie algebra of X. When X is the complement of a hyperplane arrangement , the ranks ϕ k of the lower central series quotients of π 1 (X) are known in only two very special cases: if X is hypersolvable (in which case the quadratic closure of the cohomology ring is Koszul), or if the holonomy Lie algebra decomposes in degree 3 as a direct product of local components. In this paper, we use the holonomy Lie algebra to obtain a formula for ϕ k when is a subarrangement of A n . This extends Kohno's result [12] for braid arrangements, and provides the first instance of an LCS formula for arrangements that are not decomposable or hypersolvable.