cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An in vitro correlation of metastatic capacity, substrate rigidity, and ECM composition.

The process of metastasis requires a metastatic cancer cell to invade a variety of micro-environments of variable stiffnesses. Unlike metastatic cells, normal cell function and viability is dependent on the stiffness of the environment and used as a cue to maintain cell health and proper tissue organization. In this study we have asked if metastatic cells can ignore the parameter of stiffness and if this ability is gradually acquired and if so, through what mechanism. Using a panel of mouse mammary tumor cells derived from the same parental tumor, but possessing different metastatic abilities, we cultured the cells on hard and soft substrates conjugated with collagen or fibronectin. Normal and non-metastatic tumor cells responded to changes in stiffness on fibronectin, but not collagen. However, the more metastatic cells ignored the change in stiffness on fibronectin-coated substrates. This lack of response on fibronectin correlated with a change in the expression level of the α3 integrin subunit, activation of the β1 subunit, and phosphorylation of FAKpY397. We conclude that through fibronectin, changes in the activation and tethering of the beta-1 integrin provides a mechanism for metastatic cells to disregard changes in compliance to survive and navigate in environments of different stiffness. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 3151–3158, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are Peer Ratings of Student Debates Valid

Although many instructors use debates in various courses, little information is available regarding debate grading. This article reports an evaluation of student participation in grading debates. In most respects, student and instructor ratings correlated highly. In addition, students reported that they liked debates, that debates helped them to learn, and that evaluating other students was valuable experience. These data support the use of peer rating in grading classroom debates.
Cost-minimization analysis of once-weekly versus thrice-weekly epoetin alfa for chemotherapy-related anemia.

BACKGROUND: For individuals with chemotherapy-related anemia, the clinical effectiveness of epoetin alfa (EPO) dosed once weekly ([QW], 40,000 units per dose) has been demonstrated to be indistinguishable from that observed with thrice-weekly dosing ([TIW], 10,000 units per dose). Whether the advantage of less-frequent administration justifies the higher EPO dosage used in the weekly regimen in terms of overall cost of care is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a cost-minimization analysis comparing QW and TIW EPO dosing from a societal perspective. METHODS: Direct and indirect medical cost data were calculated for a 16-week period for 2 large, prospective, multicenter, community-based studies. Costs measured included EPO, transfusions, laboratory tests, office visits, and opportunity cost of patient time. RESULTS: The average total costs in 2002 (first half) dollars were nearly equivalent across the 2 groups (QW: $9,204; 95% confidence interval [CI], $9,057$9,350. TIW: $9,265; 95% CI, $9,083-$9,447. P = 0.60). QW incurred mean drug acquisition costs that were 23% higher (QW: $6,725; 95% CI, $6,611-$6,838. TIW: $5,474; 95% CI, $5,350-$5,598. P < 0.001). However, QW patients can avoid the resource use and time cost associated with 2 additional office visits incurred each week (QW: $592 [$583-$600]; TIW: $1,709 [$1,678-$1,740]; P < 0.001). Transfusion and laboratory test costs were slightly higher in the TIW group (QW: $1,888 [$1,837-$1,940]; TIW: $2,082 [$2,020-$2,144]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Total anemia treatment costs over a 16-week period with EPO QW were similar to those of TIW dosing. In the absence of cost differences between regimens, the noneconomic advantages of less-frequent dosing intervals should make weekly dosing increasingly attractive to patients, clinicians, and payers.
Another response to professor neyman

This note is merely an additional response (cf. Mielke, 1978) to a number of statements recently made by Neyman (1977, 1980).
Parent Interactions with Twins Who Are Developmentally Different: A Case Study

Language and social interactions were examined between a father and mother and their twin children, one with Down syndrome and one developing typically. Systematic observations were made of videotaped segments and coded in real time using a computerized behavior coding program. Codes for the parents' interactions consisted of total vocalizations, directives, maintains, gestures, and object manipulations, whereas codes for the children's interactions consisted of total vocalizations, gestures, and object manipulations. Differences between the parents' interactions with each of the twins in various conditions and settings revealed interesting findings for the family in the study. Suggestions are provided for clinical implications for speech—language pathologists, evidence-based practice, and research.
Dietary Supplementation of Vitamin C and/or Vitamin E before or after Experimental Infection with Streptococcus iniae Has Limited Effects on Survival of Hybrid Striped Bass

Abstract To examine the prophylactic and therapeutic value of dietary vitamins C and/or E given in megadoses against disease, juvenile reciprocal-cross hybrid striped bass (female white bass Morone chrysops × male striped bass M. saxatilis) were fed experimental diets with 2,500 mg vitamin C/kg diet (100× the established dietary requirement), 300 mg vitamin E/kg (10× the dietary requirement), or both at the requirement or megadose levels for 3 or 6 weeks before and 0, 3, or 7 d after experimental exposure to Streptococcus iniae. The first dead fish was observed 3 d following intraperitoneal injection with S. iniae, and mortality did not appear to be significantly affected by dietary vitamin level or length of feeding. Infection with S. iniae reduced tissue total ascorbate and α-tocopherol levels at 14 and 21 d postinjection relative to those in uninfected control fish. Dietary vitamin E at 300 mg/kg significantly increased mortality when fed for 3 weeks before exposure. Additionally, dietary vitamin C at ...
The role of separation and eccentricity in encoding position

Abstract We measured two- and three-line spatial interval and alignment thresholds for a wide range of separations and eccentricities. In order to avoid confounding the role of separation and eccentricity, the test lines were presented on iso-eccentric arcs, with radii between 0.62S and 10 deg. The iso-eccentric paradigm allows separation to be varied over a large range while holding eccentricity constant. Our main finding is that for all tasks, at all eccentricities, Weber's law fails at large separations. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that distance judgements are limited by at least two factors: (1) when the separation of the iso-eccentric test Unes is small with respect to the eccentricity position thresholds are proportional to the separation of the features, and show little dependence on eccentricity. This is Weber's law for position, and the threshold is approx. 0.03–0.05 times the stimulus separation; (2) when the separation of the iso-eccentric test lines is comparable in size to the eccentricity, position thresholds are proportional to the target eccentricity, and are essentially independent of separation. In this “eccentricity regime”, position discrimination thresholds are = ECC * k where ECC is the stimulus eccentricity in degrees, and k is a fraction of the eccentricity (≈0.01–0.03). The observer uses whichever mechanism is more sensitive to the stimulus. Under the conditions of our experiments, the observers perform a Weber computation when the separation, 5, between the pair of iso-eccentric test Unes is less than about 0.5 * ECC., and apply a “cortical ruler” when 5 is greater than about 0.5 * ECC. If the angle subtended by the fixation point and the pair of iso-eccentric test Unes is considered, then forboth the two-line and the three-line tasks, when the angle is less than approx. 30 deg, thresholds are proportional to separation, and when it is between 30 and 180 deg, thresholds are proportional to eccentricity.
Hydrogenation of Undoped and Nitrogen Doped Cdte and ZnSe Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Hydrogen incorporation in both undoped and nitrogen-doped CdTe and ZnSe is investigated. Evidence for a strong nitrogen-hydrogen interaction is presented. Preliminary data indicate that the growth of CdTe and ZnSe under an atomic hydrogen flux results in a significant concentration of paramagnetic defects possibly accompanied by enhanced auto-doping from residual impurities.
Maximizing throughput in cooperative networks via cross-layer adaptive designs

For a three node cooperative wireless network with an overall transmission power constraint, we present an adaptive cross-layer design framework for maximization of a single user throughput using the power allocation ratio among the source and relay nodes, the packet length, and the modulation level as optimization variables. The design framework integrates automatic repeat request (ARQ) at the MAC layer and cooperative diversity at the physical (PHY) layer. We consider amplify-and-forward (AF) and selective decode-and-forward (SDF) schemes in our study and investigate the impact of average channel qualities on throughput maximization. We show that at low SNR regime, the maximum throughput is achieved by adapting the power allocation between the source and the relay nodes, whereas at high SNR the maximum throughput is attained by adapting all three parameters. While the two cooperative schemes have the same diversity gain, we show that the SDF scheme provides a slightly higher throughput than AF.
Reliability and validity of four instruments for measuring lumbar spine and pelvic positions.

We studied the between-therapist reliability and the validity of four instruments in measuring lumbar spine curvature and pelvic tilt. The four instruments and their measurements were 1) a tape measure to measure the change in lumbar curvature during trunk flexion; 2) a gravity goniometer to measure pelvic angle and lumbar curvature during stance, trunk flexion, and trunk extension; 3) a parallelogram goniometer to measure lumbar curvature during stance, trunk flexion, and trunk extension; and 4) a standard goniometer to measure the angle between wooden pointers mounted perpendicularly to the spine to obtain pelvic angle and lumbar curvature during stance, trunk flexion, and trunk extension. We found no single instrument to be the most reliable or valid. Between-therapist reliability ranged from .64 to .93 (Pearson product-moment correlation) and from .60 to .92 (interclass correlation coefficient). The validities of the instruments compared with measurements from roentgenograms generally were low, ranging from -.13 to .76 (Pearson product-moment correlation) and -.73 to -.05 (interclass correlation coefficient).
Teriparatide in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Purpose. The efficacy, safety, and cost of teriparatide in the treatment of osteoporosis are reviewed. Summary. Osteoporosis is a leading cause of fractures in women and men but is underdiagnosed and undertreated. Antiresorptive therapies (calcitonin, estrogen, bisphosphonates, and selective estrogen-receptor modulators) have historically been used to treat this condition. Teriparatide (recombinant human parathyroid hormone) is an anabolic agent labeled for use in postmenopausal women and men with osteoporosis who are at high risk for fractures. Clinical trials indicate that teriparatide increases predominantly trabecular bone in the lumbar spine and femoral neck; it has less significant effects at cortical sites. The combination of teriparatide with antiresorptive agents is not more effective than teriparatide monotherapy. The most common adverse effects associated with teriparatide include injection-site pain, nausea, headaches, leg cramps, and dizziness. After a maximum of two years of teriparatide therapy, the drug should be discontinued and antiresorptive therapy begun to maintain bone mineral density. Teriparatide is expensive but may be cost-effective in selected patients. Conclusion. Teriparatide offers a therapeutic option for patients at high risk of an osteoporotic fracture and for patients who are intolerant of or unresponsive to antiresorptive therapy.
Changes in MRI signal intensity during hypercapnic challenge under conscious and anesthetized conditions

Most functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in animals are conducted under anesthesia to minimize motion artifacts. However, methods and techniques have been developed recently for imaging fully conscious rats. Functional MRI studies on conscious animals report enhanced BOLD signal changes as compared to the anesthetized condition. In this study, rats were exposed to different concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) while conscious and anesthetized to test whether cerebrovascular reactivity may be contributing to these enhanced BOLD signal changes. Hypercapnia produced significantly greater increases in MRI signal intensity in fully conscious animals (6.7–13.3% changes) as when anesthetized with 1% isoflurane (3.2–4.9% changes). In addition, the response to hypercapnia was more immediate in the conscious condition (< 30s) with signal risetimes twice as fast as in the anesthetized state (60s). Both cortical and subcortical brain regions showed a robust, dose- dependent increase in MRI signal intensity with hypercapnic challenge while the animals were conscious but little or no change when anesthetized. Baseline variations in MRI signal were higher while animals were conscious but this was off set by greater signal intensity changes leading to a greater contrast-to-noise ratio, 13.1 in conscious animals, as compared to 8.0 in the anesthetized condition. In summary, cerebral vasculature appears to be more sensitive to hypercapnic challenge in the conscious condition resulting in enhanced T2* MRI signal intensity and the potential for better BOLD signal changes during functional imaging.
Sophistication of body concept in process-reactive schizophrenia.

-The underlying basis for the process-reactive classification is unclear, although some authors offer differences in psychological differentiation as an explanation. This study examined the relationship between the degree of differentiation of the body concept and the process-reactive continuum, which was measured by the Prognostic Rating Scale and the subsequent total number of nights of hospitalization over a 3-yr. period for 51 Ss. There was no significant relationshiplinear or curvilinear-between these variables in this sample of acute schizophrenics in whom drug ingestion, chronicity, and length of current hospitalization were controlled.
Sex Pheromone of the Female Pink Hibiscus Mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae): Biological Activity Evaluation

Abstract The synthetic sex pheromone of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), was evaluated in the field bioassays. In a period of 27 wk, >90,000 males were captured on sticky traps in the three locations in Key Biscayne, FL. Our experimental results showed that a laboratory-prepared (R)-lavandulyl (S)-2-methylbutanoate and (R)-maconelliyl (S)-2-methylbutanoate blend in a ratio of 1:5 on a rubber septum was attractive to males at concentration as low as 0.1 μg per trap. Male M. hirsutus captures were not significantly different from traps baited with 1- or 10-μg doses, but 0.1- and 100-μg doses captured significantly fewer males. Some of the unnatural stereoisomers of the pheromone antagonized attraction. The alcohols, which could be detected in virgin female’s volatiles, also exhibited a repulsive effect. Rubber septum lures baited with 1- and 10-μg doses of the synthetic pheromone remained active for at least 21 wk under field conditions. Monitoring of adult flight activity with ...
Expression of IGF-II/Man-6-P receptors on rat, rabbit, and human colon epithelial cells

Previous experiments from this laboratory have established the presence of receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on apical membranes prepared from rabbit colon epithelial cells; however, no receptors for multiplication-stimulating activity (MSA), the rat peptide hormone equivalent of human IGF-II, were found in this tissue. In the current studies, radioligand binding assays, covalent cross-linking experiments, and immunoblot analyses using a polyclonal rabbit antiserum that recognizes the IGF-II/mannose 6-phosphate (Man-6-P) receptor, all confirmed the presence of IGF-II/Man-6-P receptors on membranes prepared from rat and human colon epithelial cells. Exposure of rat colon epithelial cell membrane fractions to 5 mM Man-6-P before incubation with 125I-labeled IGF-II increased radioligand binding. Immunoblot analysis indicated that IGF-II/Man-6-P receptors were present in both unfractionated rat colon membranes and fractions enriched with apical membranes. Rabbit and human colon epithelial cells displayed a different pattern of receptor distribution than rat colon epithelial cells, with more insulin receptors but relatively few IGF-II/Man-6-P receptors. Immunohistochemical studies using a rabbit polyclonal antiserum confirmed that IGF-II/Man-6-P receptors were present on both the apical and the basolateral surfaces of colon epithelial cells.
Some Issues in Bayesian Nonparametrics

The field of Bayesian nonparametrics encompasses ideas of both a foundational and technical nature. There are no unifying concepts, although the Dirichlet process and related ideas have become very popular. Here we illustrate some of the issues, and in some cases how computational ability has changed them.
Metacognitive Reflective and Insight Therapy for a Person Who Gained Maximal Levels of Metacognitive Capacity and Was Able to Terminate Therapy

Schizophrenia often involves a loss of metacognitive capacity, or the ability to form a complex and integrated sense of self and others. Independent of symptoms and impairments in neurocognition, metacognitive deficits are a barrier to the formation and sustenance of goal-directed activities of daily life and ultimately to recovery. Metacognitive reflective and insight therapy (MERIT) is a form of psychotherapy intended to assist patients to recover metacognitive capacity through intensive individual therapy. This paper presents a case illustration of how MERIT assisted a patient with prolonged schizophrenia and significant metacognitive deficits to develop a robustly complex understanding of himself and others and then to use that knowledge to agentically monitor his own experiences and effectively respond to life challenges. The eight elements of MERIT that stimulate and promote metacognitive capacity are presented with an emphasis on how they were implemented when the patient had reached some of the higher levels of metacognitive function.
GENETICS OF RESISTANCE OF SALIX SERICEA TO A DIVERSE COMMUNITY OF HERBIVORES

We measured resistance of Salix sericea, the silky willow, to a diverse assemblage of 12 herbivores. We investigated the potential for multispecies coevolution among these herbivores by measuring genetic correlations between pairs of herbivores interacting within the component community. After measuring herbivore attack on half-sib families of potted S. sericea during three years, we found significant narrow-sense heritabilities of resistance to Phyllonorycter salicifoliella and Phyllocnistis sp. in 1991. Thus, there is the potential for selection on resistance to these two herbivores. Despite the many significant phenotypic correlations between herbivore abundances within a year, most genetic correlations between herbivore abundances within a year were not significant. The genetic and phenotypic correlation structure varied from year to year in this three-year study. Thus, it appears that there is the potential for evolution of resistance to the two herbivores for which we found significant heritabilities, but multispecies coevolution seems unlikely.
Inner Product Spaces

(1974). Inner Product Spaces. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 81, No. 1, pp. 29-36.
Research and Implementation of Intelligence Decision Web Services Based on SVM for Digital Agriculture

To easily access to remote intelligent decision services for agricultural users,support vector machine(SVM) is applied to intelligence decision in the agricultural field,and with the general LIBSVM support vector machine package,intelligent decision Web service based on SVM is developed in the J2EE platform.Through Web service the open and loose intelligence decision system for digital agriculture can be built.Radial basis function is the kernel function of support vector machine model,and in fact the SVM based on RBF is a classifier which can be used for classification in the agricultural field.Building this model is to get automatically the amount and value of support vector through learning samples without artificial intervention,so it becomes more easily,more impersonally and more efficiently.
Birth Order Does Not Affect Outcome in HLA-Identical Sibling Transplantation.

Fetomaternal and transmaternal sibling microchimerism might result in tolerance of hematopoietic stem-cell donors to recipients who were born before them. A single clinical study comparing first-born recipients and first-born donors provided evidence that birth order can have a significant impact on survival and on the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and relapse in HLA-identical sibling transplantation. In order to determine whether birth order might exert a consistent, biologically important effect, we compared survival and the incidence of acute GVHD, chronic GVHD, and relapse in recipients of HLA-identical transplants from sibling donors older than themselves to recipients with younger sibling donors. From 11/84 through 11/06, 410 first HLA-identical sibling transplants were performed. Patients were categorized by whether the sibling donor was older (n=187) or younger (n=223) than the recipient. As expected, the two groups differed with respect to patient age (P<0.001). The groups were similar with respect to gender, diagnosis, interval from diagnosis to transplant, extent of prior treatment, preparative regimen, stem-cell source, donor to patient gender, and CD34+ cell dose. Outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier Method and compared between the birth order groups using the log rank test. The incidence of acute GVHD, ≥ grade II acute GVHD, chronic GVHD, extensive chronic GVHD, relapse, survival, and disease-free survival were similar (0.39≤P≤0.85) between the two groups. The incidence of acute GVHD and survival in the two groups is shown below: ![Figure][1] Figure ![Figure][1] Figure After adjustment for differences between the two groups, multivariable assessment of sibling birth order was not prognostic for survival (P=.32). Only older (P=0.029) and male donor/female recipient (P=.017) were independent prognostic adverse factors. In this large study of the HLA-identical sibling transplantation, no impact of birth order on the incidence of GVHD, relapse incidence, or survival was detected. Although (because of different methodologies) not directly contradictory to a previous study of birth order, the present results suggest that further study of the impact of birth order on outcome of HLA-identical sibling transplantation is needed. Suggestions that birth order be integrated into donor-selection algorithms or that matched unrelated donors might be preferred to high-risk HLA identical siblings are premature. [1]: pending:yes
Repeatability of Testing a Small Broadband Sensor in the Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory Underground Vault

Abstract Variability in seismic instrumentation performance plays a fundamental role in our ability to carry out experiments in observational seismology. Many such experiments rely on the assumed performance of various seismic sensors as well as on methods to isolate the sensors from nonseismic noise sources. We look at the repeatability of estimating the self‐noise, midband sensitivity, and the relative orientation by comparing three collocated Nanometrics Trillium Compact sensors. To estimate the repeatability, we conduct a total of 15 trials in which one sensor is repeatedly reinstalled, alongside two undisturbed sensors. We find that we are able to estimate the midband sensitivity with an error of no greater than 0.04% with a 99th percentile confidence, assuming a standard normal distribution. We also find that we are able to estimate mean sensor self‐noise to within ±5.6 dB with a 99th percentile confidence in the 30–100‐s‐period band. Finally, we find our relative orientation errors have a mean difference in orientation of 0.0171° from the reference, but our trials have a standard deviation of 0.78°. Electronic Supplement: Table of dates of the trials used as well as Q – Q plots for the statistics collected from the sensor tests.
Race, Generational Status, and the Dynamics of First-Marriage Transitions Among Black Immigrants in the United States:

Previous studies give limited attention to the marital outcomes of Black immigrants in the United States. In this study, therefore, the main objective of the analysis is to examine the relationship...
TMF Life and Damage Mechanism Maps for Titanium Matrix Composites

Thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) life prediction is quite complex, because life depends on the active damage progression mechanism. The active mechanism is dependent on many factors including the type of cycle, temperature, stress, strain, environment, and cyclic frequency. Consequently, the active damage mechanism is not always easily identifiable for a given stress (or strain)-temperature-time history.
Les Églises, la théologie et les Autochtones : de la réconciliation à la décolonisation

Le rapport final de la Commission de verite et reconciliation (CVR) du Canada, et son Appels a l’action, ont porter a l’attention des theologiennes et theologiens la responsabilite ethique et theologique des eglises et la theologie aux peuples autochtones, non seulement au Canada, mais aussi dans l’ensemble du continent et au-dela. Selon la CVR, la reconciliation exige la prise de responsabilite pour le passe et pour un nouveau depart base sur le respect mutuel et une nouvelle relation decolonisee. Inspire par le cadre analytique des penseurs decoloniaux, cet article souleve quelques questions a la theologie et aux eglises et plaide en faveur de re-imaginer la relation avec les peuples autochtones. Une theologie en dialogue avec les mouvements de la resurgence des peuples autochtones et leur litterature, l’article soutient, pourrait ouvrir de nouvelles possibilites pour l’emergence d’une theologie decolonial qui contribuerait a la transformation des eglises et leurs relations avec les Autochtones.
An evaluation of transmission line models incorporating longitudinal temperature variations

Longitudinal variations in ambient conditions (e.g. in wind speed, ambient temperature etc.) affect the conductor temperature of a transmission line along its length. Therefore, these gradients in ambient conditions introduce non-uniformity in electrical parameters along the line which may affect the power handling capability of transmission lines. This paper presents line modeling approaches taking into account this longitudinal variations in ambient conditions. A distributed parameter and a multi-segment lumped parameter approach are studied and evaluated in terms of their resulting terminal voltage. The evaluation focuses on the impact of line model segmentation on the accuracy of the lumped parameter model in comparison to the distributed parameter model. From the comparison, suggestions concerning the length and distribution of segments are drawn and contribute to a simple and accurate representation of the line that can be used for estimation of line power handling capabilities.
Orbital Floor Reconstruction: A Comparison of Outcomes between Absorbable and Permanent Implant Systems.

There are distinct advantages and disadvantages between bioresorbable and permanent implants in orbital floor reconstruction. Our aim was to compare the outcomes and complications of resorbable implants and permanent implants in orbital floor fracture repair. A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who underwent orbital floor fracture repair at a rural, tertiary care center from 2011 through 2016. Main outcome measures included improvement in diplopia, ocular motility, enophthalmos, hypoglobus, and infraorbital nerve sensation. A total of 87 patients underwent orbital floor reconstruction. After exclusion criteria were applied, 22 patients were included in the absorbable implant cohort, and 20 patients in the nonabsorbable implant cohort. All absorbable implants were composed of poly L-lactide/poly glycolide/poly D-lactide (PLL/PG/PDL), and nonabsorbable implants included both titanium/porous polyethylene (Ti/PPE) composite and titanium (Ti) mesh. Mean fracture surface area was 2.1 cm2 (standard deviation [SD]: ± 0.9 cm2, range: 0.4–3.6 cm2) for the absorbable implant group and 2.3 cm2 (SD: ± 1.1 cm2, range: 0.6–4.4 cm2) for the nonabsorbable implant group (p = 0.58). There were no significant differences in diplopia, ocular motility, enophthalmos, hypoglobus, and infraorbital nerve sensation between absorbable and nonabsorbable implant groups. The mean follow-up time for absorbable and nonabsorbable implant groups was 622 (SD ± 313) and 578 (SD ± 151) days respectively (p = 0.57). For moderate-size orbital floor fracture repairs, there is no difference in outcomes between absorbable implants consisting of PLL/PG/PDL and nonabsorbable implants consisting of Ti mesh or Ti/PPE combination.
Predator Recognition in the Absence of Selection

Animals are frequently confronted with changing environmental conditions (Houston and McNamara 1992; Komers 1997). When they are no longer exposed to the sources of selection that their ancestors once faced, they experience relaxed selection on these sources (Coss 1999). They may still retain behavior that was shaped to cope with the past selective forces, even though it no longer serves a specific function (Blumstein et al. 2000; Rothstein 2001).
From Place to Territories and Back Again: Centering Storied Land in the discussion of Indigenous Nation-building

This article explores the geopolitical importance of the word “land” to the field of Indigenous studies. Rather than simply take the word “land” as a given and natural element of the world around us, in this article I suggest a closer interrogation of the multiple social and geopolitical meanings that make land a key concept in indigenous political struggle. The processes of colonialism and neocolonialism resulted in abstracting land as part of making nations that are recognized by the liberal settler nation-states. How have concepts of land changed in this process? How do we make Indigenous spaces that are not based on abstracting land and Indigenous bodies into state spaces, while maintaining political vitality? How are the lived realities of Indigenous peoples impacted by concepts of borders and territories that support the power of the nation-state? I draw on the narrative dimensions of land in the work of Indigenous writers in order to intercede in limiting the meanings of land to those mapped by the state.
Food Insecurity, Cardiometabolic Health, and Health Care in U.S.-Mexico Border Immigrant Adults: An Exploratory Study.

Household food insecurity (HFI) has been linked to poorer cardiometabolic health and reduced health care access but few studies have examined these issues in the large Mexican immigrant population living on the U.S.-Mexico border. This exploratory study examined the association of HFI with cardiometabolic conditions and health care in 40–84 year urban border immigrants (n = 75). Data were collected on HFI, self-reported and clinical cardiometabolic conditions, health care sources and use. HFI affected 45% of participants. HFI was associated with self-reported and clinical diabetes but not hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or metabolic syndrome. It also was associated with increased emergency room visits and hospitalizations but not source of primary health care or preventative health care use. These findings highlight the need for additional research on the relationship of HFI with cardiometabolic health and health care in border immigrants as well as reassessment of current immigrant food security and health laws and policies.
Leveraging sport mega events for international entrepreneurship

Can sport mega events (SMEs) incite entrepreneurial rent-making in nations that host them? The manuscript investigates this question using frameworks in sport event leverage and sport-based entrepreneurship as a foundation. Results from a sample of N = 2259 observations from 1970 to 2017 tied to 156 nations and 59 SMEs produced two takeaways. First, hosting a sport mega event (SME) was associated with increases in entrepreneurial rents for firms in developed host nations. Second, that relationship did not exist for the subsample classified as ‘developing’ nations. The first result implies that developed nations can use SMEs to stimulate entrepreneurialism– a finding that solidifies sport-based entrepreneurship within the sport management landscape and bolsters frameworks of SME leverage. The second finding reinforces that there is no documentable upside to hosting a SME for developing nations – at least under the current approach. Managerial implications are outlined for developing and developed host nations.
Features of Vibrational and Electronic Structures of Decavanadate Revealed by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory.

Polyoxometalates are known to be inhibitors of a diverse collection of enzymes, although the specific interactions that lead to this bioactivity are still unclear. Spectroscopic characterization ma...
The Health and Retirement Study Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol Project: Study Design and Methods.

Introduction The Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) Project is a substudy within the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), an ongoing nationally representative panel study of about 20,000 adults aged 51 or older in the United States. The HCAP is part of an international research collaboration funded by the National Institute on Aging to better measure and identify cognitive impairment and dementia in representative population-based samples of older adults, in the context of ongoing longitudinal studies of aging in high-, middle-, and low-income countries around the world. Methods The HCAP cognitive test battery was designed to measure a range of key cognitive domains affected by cognitive aging (including attention, memory, executive function, language, and visuospatial function) and to allow harmonization and comparisons to other studies in the United States and around the world. The HCAP included a pair of in-person interviews, one with the target HRS respondent (a randomly selected HRS sample member, aged 65+) that lasted approximately 1 h and one with an informant nominated by the respondent that lasted approximately 20 min. The final HRS HCAP sample included 3,496 study subjects, representing a 79% response rate among those invited to participate. Conclusion Linking detailed HCAP cognitive assessments to the wealth of available longitudinal HRS data on cognition, health, biomarkers, genetics, health care utilization, informal care, and economic resources and behavior will provide unique and expanded opportunities to study cognitive impairment and dementia in a nationally representative US population-based sample. The fielding of similar HCAP projects in multiple countries around the world will provide additional opportunities to study international differences in the prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of dementia globally with comparable data. Like all HRS data, HCAP data are publicly available at no cost to researchers.
An Insoluble Mystery: Fiber and Diverticulitis.

Summary Approximately 60% of adults over the age of 60 have diverticulosis, of whom 5% will experience complications such as diverticulitis or diverticular bleeding. There are an estimated 300,000 hospital admissions per year in the United States for diverticulitis (Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;11:1609-13). Despite this burden of disease, risk stratification and prevention strategies for diverticulitis are lacking. Based on the observation that diverticulitis prevalence is significantly higher in developed countries where diets are typically low in fiber, it has been hypothesized that high fiber intake is protective. However, the relationship between specific fiber sources and diverticulitis risk has been difficult to elucidate, as studies have used patient-reported diet data and have quantified fiber intake indirectly. Therefore, the paper by Ma et al. addresses a knowledge gap by evaluating whether subtypes of fiber, and/or particular foods, are associated with the risk for diverticulitis.
Streamlining Integrity Tree Updates for Secure Persistent Non-Volatile Memory.

Emerging non-volatile main memory (NVMM) is rapidly being integrated into computer systems. However, NVMM is vulnerable to potential data remanence and replay attacks. Established security models including split counter mode encryption and Bonsai Merkle tree (BMT) authentication have been introduced against such data integrity attacks. However, these security methods are not readily compatible with NVMM. Recent works on secure NVMM pointed out the need for data and its metadata, including the counter, the message authentication code (MAC), and the BMT to be persisted atomically. However, memory persistency models have been overlooked for secure NVMM, which is essential for crash recoverability. In this work, we analyze the invariants that need to be ensured in order to support crash recovery for secure NVMM. We highlight that prior research has substantially under-estimated the cost of BMT persistence and propose several optimization techniques to reduce the overhead of atomically persisting updates to BMTs. The optimizations proposed explore the use of pipelining, out-of-order writes, and update coalescing while conforming to strict or epoch persistency models respectively. We evaluate our work and show that our proposed optimizations significantly reduce the performance overhead of secure NVMM with crash recoverability.
Radical roots and twenty-first century realities: rediscovering the egalitarian aspirations of Land Grant University Extension

Anniversaries and funding crises prompt periodic calls to reevaluate the mission and public perceptions of the U.S. Land-Grant University system. One such call was issued by the Kellogg Commission on the Future of State Colleges and Land Grant Universities in their 1999 report, “Returning to Our Roots: the Engaged Institution.” Written by leaders of state universities and land-grant colleges, this report urges these institutions to engage more authentically and equitably in two-way relationships with their local constituents. Twenty years later, Land-Grant Universities continue to struggle with building widespread public support for their missions and equitable involvement in research, teaching, and extension functions across diverse constituencies. While largely discounted by the Kellogg Commission, a fresh look at the role originally envisioned for the extension arm of the trifold land-grant mandate suggests that we may be conceiving of this system too narrowly. The establishment of statewide extension systems was once seen as a way to ensure that Land-Grant Universities would be accessible and responsive to all of a state’s residents. Extension systems continue to offer a front-door to a major public university in almost every county of the United States, but they tend to be viewed primarily as a way to translate science or distribute information from the university to the public. This discussion uses a historical and modern lens to reimagine the role that Extension could potentially play in catalyzing reciprocal, co-learning relationships between Land-Grant Universities and their diverse local constituencies.
Where Do Accelerators Fit in the Venture Creation Pipeline? Different Values Brought by Different Types of Accelerators

Despite the emergence of startup accelerators as venture development organizations to high-growth firms, research has yet to identify where these accelerators fit into the venture development ecosystem. By clarifying and reviewing three different subsystems in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, our paper proposes that as an extension of the current incubation mechanism, accelerators contribute to the entrepreneurial ecosystem by transforming entrepreneurs and their ventures at early stages. Drawing upon the Pipeline Model (Lichtenstein & Lyons, 2006), we first plot where the accelerator model fits in the broader entrepreneurship ecosystem, and then demonstrate how different types of accelerators help participating entrepreneurs and their ventures progress along the venture development pipeline. Our theoretical approach contributes to both the entrepreneurship ecosystem and the accelerator literature and provides a practical map for both policymakers and early-stage entrepreneurs to manage and utilize their entrepreneurship ecosystem more effectively.
To the rescue—Evaluating the social-ecological patterns for bird intakes

Animals from urban areas are regularly brought into wildlife rehabilitation centers, providing untapped potential data records to inform management of wildlife species. Although rescues may be considered a wildlife stewardship behavior, not all ‘rescues’ may be warranted. Some animals are more likely to be brought into a rescue center than others, suggesting that human drivers underlying wildlife rehabilitation efforts are important to understand for urban conservation efforts. Literature has primarily focused on understanding the ecological drivers and implications of wildlife rescues. Our study is the first to investigate both the social and ecological drivers of bird rescues using census, household survey, and intake data. In Phoenix metropolitan area, Arizona, USA in 2017–2018, we found doves and common species were sent to the center most often. Altricial species (helpless at hatching) and young birds were more likely to be brought to the center, perhaps due to perceptions of young animals as vulnerable. We found rescues came from neighborhoods with higher incomes and residents with pro-ecological worldviews, perhaps reflecting a perceived responsibility for wildlife. Conversely, few rescues came from neighborhoods with a high percentage of Hispanic/Latinx residents, who often feel more interdependent with nature. Neighborhoods with greater numbers of rescues were more likely to have residents participating in yard stewardship activities as compared to neighborhoods with fewer rescues. Our findings are relevant to understanding drivers of wildlife stewardship actions and for intake centers who wish to reduce the occurrence of people bringing in wildlife that do not need to be rescued.
Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells contribute to remodeling of the postpartum uterus.

Endometrial stem/progenitor cells play a role in postpartum uterine tissue regeneration but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. While circulating bone marrow (BM)-derived cells (BMDCs) contribute to nonhematopoietic endometrial cells, the contribution of BMDCs to postpartum uterus remodeling is unknown. We investigated the contribution of BMDCs to the postpartum uterus using 5-fluorouracil-based non-gonadotoxic BM transplant from GFP donors into wild-type C57BL/6J female mice. Flow cytometry showed an influx of GFP+ cells to the uterus immediately postpartum accounting for 28.7% of total uterine cells, followed by a rapid decrease to pre-pregnancy levels. The majority of uterine GFP+ cells were CD45+ leukocytes and the proportion of nonhematopoietic CD45-GFP+ cells peaked on postpartum day (PPD) 1 (17.5%). Immunofluorescence colocalization of GFP with CD45 pan-leukocyte and F4/80 macrophage markers corroborated these findings. GFP+ cells were found mostly in subepithelial stromal location. Importantly, GFP+ cytokeratin-positive epithelial cells were found within the luminal epithelium exclusively on PPD1, demonstrating direct contribution to postpartum re-epithelialization. A subset (3.2%) of GFP+ cells were CD31 + CD45- endothelial cells, and found integrated within blood vessel endothelium. Notably, BM-derived GFP+ cells demonstrated preferential proliferation (PCNA+) and apoptosis (TUNEL+) on PPD1 vs resident GFP- cells, suggesting an active role for BMDCs in rapid tissue turnover. Moreover, GFP+ cells gradually acquired cell senescence together with decreased proliferation throughout the postpartum. In conclusion, BM-derived progenitors were found to have a novel nonhematopoietic cellular contribution to postpartum uterus remodeling. This contribution may have an important functional role in physiological as well as pathological postpartum endometrial regeneration. © AlphaMed Press 2021 SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The uterus undergoes significant tissue regeneration in the postpartum period following parturition where endometrial stem cells are thought to play an important role. Here we show that bone marrow-derived progenitor cells actively participate in postpartum uterus remodeling in the mouse, undergoing dynamic changes and contributing to various non-immune endometrial cell populations as part of the process of cellular turnover and regeneration. These observations may have important implications for human uterine physiology and pathological conditions such as postpartum uterine scarring.
Wide-Field and Micron-Resolution Visible Light Optical Coherence Tomography in Human Retina by a Linear-K Spectrometer

Here we presented the first linear-in-k visible range OCT spectrometer and achieved a sub-5dB roll-off over the entire imaging depth. Full range depth-of-view and wide-field human retinal vis-OCT imaging were demonstrated.
Pediatric exploratory ingestions involving novel pill pack packaging: A report of two cases.

Abstract Pill packs are novel packaging systems designed to contain multiple medications and increase medication access but are not child-resistant and increase the risk of pediatric ingestions. We present two pediatric ingestion cases suspected to involve pill packs. Case 1 describes a 19-month-old male presenting to the Emergency Department with altered mental status and unsteady gait after a suspected clonidine and buspirone ingestion. The patient's father reportedly received his medications in mail delivery “baggies”. Case 2 involves a 21-month-old female presenting to the Emergency Department with unsteady gait. During an extensive workup we eventually found a clonazepam metabolite in her urine. A family friend supervising the patient at the time reportedly received medications through mail delivery in “plastic packs”. Emergency physicians should be alert to this packaging system as these products contain multiple medications, potentially increasing injury risk and obfuscating diagnosis. Manufacturers, regulatory agencies and public health authorities should assess and reduce the dangers these products pose to children.
Cardiopharyngeal field, Head & Heart Muscle Development, and Associated Syndromes in Humans

Most human syndromes show a complex mix of symptoms that are not easily explained by a single gene mutation. Complex developmental networks that will be influenced by a mutation need long term stud...