cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Innovations in yoga therapist education: developing a yoga therapy program in an academic setting.

The educational standards created by IAYT are a big step forward in the professionalization of the field of yoga therapy. These standards support the alignment of competencies in training programs, and also provide a framework within which academic programs can be designed. Maryland University of Inte gr ative Health (MUIH) rec e ntly designed a Master of Science in Yoga Therapy degree program in accordance with the IAYT standards that also meets MUIH’s requirements for an academic degree program. This process brought to light the differences between studying yoga therapy at a yoga school or in a yoga therapist training program and earning a master’s degree in yoga therapy from an academic institution. Skills-directed and academic-oriented yoga therapist training programs are valuable avenues to proficiency. They are vastly different in their approaches, yet they share the common goal of supporting the development of competent yoga therapists. Academic programs emphasize critical thinking, research and scholarship, and effective communication as educational cornerstones. A foundation must be established to support lifelong study in a degree’s topic area, and rigorous assessments must be in place to demonstrate the completion of all program requirements and educational objectives. Degree programs must continually gather evidence to prove that the required standards are being met. Although a number of academic programs offer yoga therapy training in the context of other clinical disciplines, the Master of Science in Yoga Therapy degree program at MUIH is one of the first dedicated to the study of yoga therapy in an academic and an applied context. Embracing the yoga therapy field was an easy step for
Sacrificing families: navigating laws, labor, and love across borders

In the context of an unequal global economy, families increasingly have to make the difficult decision to migrate as a strategy for survival, which leads to family separation. In 2014, family separ...
On the transferability of three water models developed by adaptive force matching

Abstract Water is perhaps the most simulated liquid. Recently, three water models have been developed following the adaptive force matching (AFM) method that provides excellent predictions of water properties with only electronic structure information as a reference. Compared to many other electronic structure-based force fields that rely on fairly sophisticated energy expressions, the AFM water models use point-charge-based energy expressions that are supported by most popular molecular dynamics packages. An outstanding question regarding simple force fields is whether such force fields provide reasonable transferability outside of their conditions of parameterization. A survey of three AFM water models, B3LYPD-4F, BLYPSP-4F, and WAIL, are provided for simulations under conditions ranging from the melting point up to the critical point. By including ice-Ih configurations in the training set, the WAIL potential predicts the melting temperate, TM, of ice-Ih correctly. Without training for ice, BLYPSP-4F underestimates TM by about 15 K. Interestingly, the B3LYPD-4F model gives a TM 14 K too high. The overestimation of TM by B3LYPD-4F mostly likely reflects a deficiency of the B3LYP reference. The BLYPSP-4F model gives the best estimate of the boiling temperature TB and is arguably the best potential for simulating water in the temperature range from TM to TB. None of the three AFM potentials provides a good description of the critical point. Although the B3LYPD-4F model gives the correct critical temperature TC and critical density ρC, there are good reasons to believe that the agreement is reached fortuitously. Links to Gromacs input files for the three water models are provided at the end of the chapter.
Flourishing in the Workplace Through Meditation and Mindfulness

We believe that Hyland, Lee, and Mills (2015) introduced important considerations concerning the importance of mindfulness for research and practice in industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology, and we applaud their effort. We also feel that some equally important points were neglected or given scant attention. We amplify their introduction in three ways. We discuss (a) how construct confusion is common when new constructs are introduced and how paying attention to the type of meditation practice used to induce mindfulness will enhance construct clarity, (b) how using forms of meditation that employ physical movement and other activities to induce mindfulness expand the choices for intervention and training, and (c) how meditation and mindfulness provide a valuable bridge linking positive psychology and I-O psychology theory and practice.
Sleep Promotion in the Critical Care Unit

Promoting the quiet and relaxation necessary for sleep in a busy, noisy critical care environment is a problem critical care nurses face daily. Descriptive studies have defined and increased understanding of this problem, but few interventional studies have been accomplished. Interventions that have demonstrated significant improvements in sleep quality in the critical care environment are an audiotape of the sounds of the ocean or rain, a masking signal, and a back massage.
Accelerator Production of B 8 Neutrinos

The $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ yield from the reaction $^{6}\mathrm{Li}(^{3}\mathrm{He},n)^{8}\mathrm{B}$ has been measured from 8.9 to 26.5 MeV (lab) by counting the annihilation $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays from the 0.762-sec positron decay of $^{8}\mathrm{B}$. The measurement was motivated by the negative results of the Davis solar neutrino experiment, and the consequent possible usefulness of direct tests of neutrino detection systems with neutrinos from the decay of $^{8}\mathrm{B}$. The present upper limit on the capture of solar neutrinos in $^{37}\mathrm{Cl}$ is 1 SNU, corresponding to a flux of 0.74 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{6}$ $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ neutrinos per ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ sec. It was found that a $^{3}\mathrm{He}^{+}$ current of 30 mA at 24 MeV is required to produce this $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ neutrino flux at a distance of 8 m from the target, indicating that the contemplated test is not impossible.
Stupid people deserve what they get: The effects of personality assessment on judgments of intentional action

Knobe argues that people's judgments of the moral status of a side-effect of action influence their assessment of whether the side-effect is intentional. I tested this hypothesis using vignettes akin to Knobe's but involving economically or eudaimonistically (wellness-related) negative side-effects. My results show that it is people's sense of what agents deserve, and not the moral status of side-effects, that drives intuition.
Abstract 3375: In vivo passaging of primary pancreatic tumor enriches for stem cells and PEAK expression

The aim of this study was to select a more aggressive variant of a human pancreatic cancer cell line by serially passaging primary pancreatic tumor in nude mice and to evaluate for changes in tumor morphology as well as expression of stem cell markers and PEAK. Mouse models of human pancreatic cancer were established by orthotopically injecting 1x106 brightly-fluorescent BxPC-3 RFP pancreatic cancer cells into nude mice. Mice were subsequently followed with weekly whole body imaging using the Olympus OV-100 Small Animal Imaging System to follow tumor progression and time to metastasis. When deemed premorbid, the mice were sacrificed and their abdomens exposed for intravital imaging. Primary pancreatic tumor, a periportal metastatic deposit and ascites were removed from the premorbid mouse to establish cell lines. One million cells of the passaged primary pancreatic cell line were then orthotopically injected into another set of nude mice. Serially passaging continued until the life-span of the mouse with tumor stabilized. We subsequently analyzed samples of primary and metastatic lesions from the serially passaged tumors for analysis of stem cell markers and PEAK expression. With serial in vivo passaging of tumor, we were able to generate a more aggressive variant of human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 that displayed a more rapid primary tumor growth and a shortened overall survival in mice harboring tumor. Overall survival decreased from a mean of 20 weeks in mice with the parental cell line (P0) tumor to 7 weeks in mice with third-passage primary (P3) tumor. Additionally, tumor take was more readily established with the more aggressive cell line and time to metastasis within the abdominal cavity was shortened despite implanting a consistent number of cells at each passage. While mice harboring the parental line did not demonstrate evidence of metastasis until approximately three months post implantation, mice with P3 tumor developed metastatic disease by the second month after implantation. Real-time PCR evaluation demonstrated enrichment of the stem cell population in P3 compared to the parental cell line (P0). While there was an ∼2.5-fold increase in CD24 and EpCAM markers in the P3 primary tumor, CD44 had a 4-fold increase. Furthermore, P3 primary tumor had a 4-fold increase in PEAK expression while the periportal metastatic lesion from a P3 primary tumor had a 5.5-fold increase in the expression of PEAK. Further understanding of these in vivo effects on tumor initiation, progression and metastasis can aide in discovery of effective therapies to treat this dismal disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3375. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3375
HIV/AIDS KNOWLEDGE AND PRIOR TESTING AT 'AFRICA GOAL' OUTREACH EVENTS IN EAST AND SOUTHERN AFRICA.

Background: A quality improvement initiative was created during the 2014 Africa Goal campaign, which uses live screenings of FIFA World Cup football matches as a platform for local organizations to provide HIV outreach and services in East and Southern Africa. Materials and Methods: Survey data assessed attendees’ baseline knowledge of HIV and prevalence of prior testing. Results: The data showed a high level of knowledge and prior testing among both men and women, with no statistical differences based on gender. Conclusion: The level of knowledge about HIV may be higher than previously thought in some parts of East and Southern Africa and this should inform future HIV outreach efforts.
72 MAST CELLS AND EOSINOPHILS STIMULATE MYOFIBROBLAST DIFFERENTIATION BY SIGNALING THROUGH THE TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR b TYPE I (ALK5) RECEPTOR.

Rationale Mast cells and eosinophils synthesize various mediators, including transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs), that may promote subepithelial fibrosis in asthma. We sought to determine the roles of TGF-b and cysLTs in myofibroblast differentiation stimulated by coculture of fibroblasts with mast cells or eosinophils. Methods IMR-90 human lung fibroblasts were serum starved and cocultured for 48 hours with either LAD-2 human mast cells or freshly isolated human blood eosinophils in the absence or presence of SB431542 (10 M) to block signaling through the TGF-b type I (ALK5) receptor; MK886 (1 M) to block leukotriene synthesis; MK571 (100 nM) to block the cysLT1 receptor; or Bay u9773 (3 M) to block the cysLT1 and cysLT2 receptors. a-Smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) expression was assessed as an index of myofibroblast differentiation. Results Mast cells and eosinophils stimulated 2.50.2 (n = 5, p Funded by NIH R01HL072891, Crane Asthma Center of Northwestern University.
Study on effect of nursing intervention on children with hyperopic amblyopia

Objective To study the effect of nursing intervention on children with hyperopic amblyopia.Method Divide 70 children with hyperopic amblyopia into observation(n=37) and control group(n=33) according to children's and their parents' willing.Both the two groups receive healthy eye covering therapy(alternate covering for binocular amblyopia) and fine vision exercise.37 cases in observation group are gathered to receive nursing intervention,while 33 cases in control group take covering therapy and meticulous exercises training under parents' prod at home.Result There is significant difference between the effects on monocular and binocular hyperopic amblyopia of the two groups.The effect in observation group is better conpared to control group.The effect of low and moderate hyperopic amblyopia in observation group is better compared to control group.There is no significant difference between the effects of severe hyperopic amblyopia in two groups.Obvious effective rate of observation group and control group are 89.5% and 62.0% respectively.Conclusion Nursing intervention for group people can improve the effect of treatment for children with hyperopic amblyopia.
An Primary Experimental Study on the Anti-bacteral Effects of Artemisia ZhuoLu in Vivo

Objective:To study the anti-bacteral effects of Artemisia ZhuoLu of hydro extracts against 13 strains of bacteria from the clinic in vivo.Methods:Concertrated Chinese medicinal to specifically level of 2g/mL,the tube broth methods were used to investigate the anti-bacteral effects of Artemisia ZhuoLu.Results:The evident effects are found for antibacterial activities against 10 strains of bacteria,but no effect to 3 strains of fungus.Conclusion:Artemisia LhuoLu have significant anti-bacteral effects on common pathogens.
The Scientific System of Deng Xiaoping's Socialism Reforming Ideology

As one of the important parts in Deng Xiaopings theory,Deng Xiaopings socialism reforming ideology,which is formed by many rich assigned basic topic of content,is also a comprehensive and close scientific system.It profoundly and systematically expounds the moving reasons,natures,goals,conditions,principles and standards of socialism reformation.
Similar changes in cognitions following cognitive-behavioral therapy or escitalopram for major depressive disorder: Implications for mechanisms of change.

Background Psychosocial treatments and medications both have been shown to be effective in treating major depressive disorder. We hypothesized that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) would outperform medication on measures of cognitive change. Methods We randomized depressed individuals to 12 weeks of CBT (n = 15) or escitalopram (n = 11). In an intent-to-treat analysis (n = 26), we conducted a repeated measures analysis of variance to examine changes in depressive symptoms (ie, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory), anhedonia (ie, Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale), cognitive measures (ie, Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale), and quality of life (ie, Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire) at 4 time points: baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12. Treatment for both groups started at baseline, and patients received either 12 weeks of individual CBT or 12 weeks of escitalopram with flexible dosing (10 to 20 mg). Results Collapsing the escitalopram and CBT groups, there were statistically significant pre-post changes on all outcome measures. However, there were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups on any of the outcome measures, including cognitive measures across time points. Conclusions Our results suggest that both CBT and escitalopram have similar effects across a variety of domains and that, in contrast to our a priori hypothesis, CBT and escitalopram were associated with comparable changes on cognitive measures.
Comparison of grain sources for swine diets and their effect on meat and fat quality traits

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary grain sources on various compositional and quality characteristics of pork from pigs reared in a commercial environment. Pigs were fed 1 of 5 dietary treatments containing the following single or blended grain sources throughout most of the grow-finish period: 1) yellow corn, 2) white corn, 3) 1/3 yellow corn and 2/3 white corn, 4) 2/3 yellow corn and 1/3 white corn, and 5) barley. Pigs were from 2 sire genetic types, Duroc and Hampshire x Duroc, mated to PIC 1055 females. A total of 1,040 pigs were included in the study in a 2 x 2 x 5 factorial arrangement with 2 genetic types, 2 sexes (barrows and gilts), and 5 dietary treatments. Eight pigs were randomly selected from each pen of 26 (n = 320) for meat and fat quality evaluation. Pigs were 27.6 kg at the beginning of the experiment and were fed to 130.2 kg. All animals were held overnight at a commercial abattoir before slaughter. One whole, skin-on, boneless loin was collected from each carcass and held at -1 degrees C in a cryovac-sealed bag at the Iowa State University Meat Laboratory. At 25 to 27 d postslaughter, loins were evaluated for meat and fat quality. Dietary treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on 24-h pH, sensory tenderness, sensory chewiness, Instron tenderness, loin purge, or cook loss. At 25 to 27 d postslaughter, pigs fed diet 4 had a greater (P 0.05). No differences among dietary treatments were found for fat color values on a subjective basis. Pigs fed diet 5 had a more desirable objective fat color than pigs fed all white corn, and diets 1, 3, and 4 were not different (P > 0.05). Pigs fed diet 5 had greater levels of SFA and MUFA, and lower levels of unsaturated fatty acids and PUFA, in the subcutaneous fat than pigs fed all other diets. These results indicate that the energy sources evaluated in this study had little effect on eating quality of pork that was held for 25 to 27 d postslaughter.
Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare condition that has important anatomic considerations and is associated with various other congenital heart lesions. Its expression differs significantly in various ethnic groups. The SVA is that part of the aortic root bound by the aortic cusp, the aortic valve annulus, and the sinotubular ridge. A congenital SVA is a thin-walled expansion of the aortic wall that arises from the base of a single aortic sinus. Less often, it manifests as a simple fistulous tract between an aortic sinus and an adjacent structure. It originates from either the right sinus or the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva and communicates into adjacent low-pressure chambers. When it breaches the base of the heart into an adjacent low-pressure chamber, the result is cardiac distention, large left-to-right shunts, and para-aortic insufficiency. Rarely, it may rupture freely into the pericardial space. The incidence of SVA has been reported to be 0.26 % in Western patients, 1.37–1.5 % in patients from India, and 2.0–3.57 % in patients from Japan.
Effects of o-Methoxy Groups on the Properties and Thermal Stability of Renewable High-Temperature Cyanate Ester Resins

Renewable phenols derived from biomass sources often contain methoxy groups that alter the properties of derivative polymers. To evaluate the impact of o-methoxy groups on the performance characteristics of cyanate ester resins, three bisphenols derived from the renewable phenol creosol were deoxygenated by conversion to ditriflates followed by palladium-catalyzed elimination and hydrolysis of the methoxy groups. The deoxygenated bisphenols were then converted to the following cyanate ester resins: bis(4-cyanato-2-methylphenyl)methane (16), 4,4′-(ethane-1,1′-diyl)bis(1-cyanato-3-methylbenzene) (17), and 4,4′-(propane-1,1′-diyl)bis(1-cyanato-3-methylbenzene) (18). The physical properties, cure chemistry, and thermal stability of these resins were evaluated and compared to those of cyanate esters derived from the oxygenated bisphenols. 16 and 18 had melting points 37 and >95 °C lower, respectively, than the oxygenated versions, while 17 had a melting point 14 °C higher. The Tg’s of thermosets generated from...
Evidence for a role of a lncRNA encoded from the p53 tumor suppressor gene in maintaining the undifferentiated state of human myeloid leukemias

Abstract Many human myeloid leukemias represent proliferating progenitor cells that are blocked in their ability to undergo terminal differentiation. The ability to induce differentiation of these cells has been used as a strategy of cancer therapy. During our analysis of the structure and regulation of expression of the p53 tumor suppressor gene we identified a gene encoding a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecule within the 10,000 bp first intron. Here we demonstrate that this novel lncRNA is expressed in undifferentiated human myeloid leukemia cells and significantly reduced during the terminal differentiation of these cells into monocytes or macrophages. Thus, we hypothesize that this lncRNA may play some role in differentiation and be required to maintain the proliferative undifferentiated state. Recently, numerous long non-coding RNA molecules have been demonstrated to function as important regulators of gene expression and shown to be involved in numerous pathways, particularly pathways dealing with cellular differentiation. Since this lncRNA, which we have named lncRNAp53int1, appears to play some role terminal differentiation of human promyelocytes, our goal is to identify the function and mechanism of action of this novel transcript. We hypothesize that it may function in a non-coding fashion as part of an uncharacterized ribonucleoprotein complex or in some other fashion to participate in the maintenance of the undifferentiated state. Our findings show that it may participate in inhibiting the expression of the p21 gene, a known negative regulator of the cell cycle. That this lncRNA is reduced in its expression during terminal differentiation of human leukemic cells is particularly intriguing in that the ability to induce differentiation of leukemic cells has been used as a therapeutic strategy for over 30 years. Differentiation therapy continues to hold promise as new targets that control differentiation are defined. A regulatory role for lncRNAp53Int1 in leukemic cell differentiation would provide us with a new and potentially powerful target with respect to therapeutics.
Effect of Ball Charge Fraction on Mechanical Alloying by a Vibratory Ball Mill

Ball motion in a vibratory ball mill during mechanical alloying was studied by a two-dimensional model simulation to estimate an effect of ball charge fraction on the mechanical alloying process. As a result, it was found that the ball motion changed drastically at a ball charge fraction between 0.7 and 0.8. The ball motion became so violent and the power consumed by dashpots of descrete element method model increased so much in a range of high fractions. It was found from the simulation that the range of ball movement was limited to lower parts of the mill vessel at ball charge fractions less than 0.7, while the range of ball movement spread over the vessel at fractions over 0.8, which increased the frequency of ball-to-vessel collision and also increased energy transferred from vessel to balls. However, the amplitude and frequency of vibration and the power of actual vibratory mills must decrease with an increase in the ball charge fraction because of the limitation of driving motor power. It suggests that an effective ball charge fraction should be in a range from 0.7 to 1.0.
Bequest to the Nation: “She Cried from Deep, Deep Down in Herself”

Several of Rattigan’s plays use the reading aloud of a letter as a way of communicating powerfully the emotions of a particular character. Bequest to the Nation contains Rattigan’s most carefully prepared and most effective such moment. Rattigan leads us to believe that Lord Nelson so scorns and so little regards his wife that he has refused to read a letter Lady Nelson sent him five years ago. He has found sexual pleasure with Emma Hamilton (who as a Rattigan heroine greatly fears that she means nothing more to him than a sexual means to an end) as he never did with his wife. Near the end of the play it is revealed that not only has he read the letter in which his wife has abased herself utterly by forgiving him and asking him to return to her, its words have so lacerated his soul with guilt that he recites the letter aloud from memory. The play then implies that Nelson, having been compelled by conscience to expose his feelings of guilt, goes into the Battle of Trafalgar with an intention to court death there. The play ends with as bleak and absurd a curtain as in any of the official absurdist plays. Lady Nelson visits Emma to find her drunk and hardly coherent. As Emma bangs her head on the keys of a harpsichord and passes out, Lady Nelson “hobbles her bird-like way into the darkness,” muttering, “Poor Lady Hamilton.” In addition, Rattigan systematically alludes to Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra to frame our reactions to Nelson and Emma.
Maternal Lifetime Trauma Exposure, Prenatal Cortisol, and Infant Negative Affectivity

Little research has examined the impact of maternal lifetime trauma exposure on infant temperament. We examined associations between maternal trauma history and infant negative affectivity and modification by prenatal cortisol exposure in a sociodemographically diverse sample of mother-infant dyads. During pregnancy, mothers completed measures of lifetime trauma exposure and current stressors. Third-trimester cortisol output was assessed from maternal hair. When infants were 6 months old, mothers completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised. In analyses that controlled for infant sex and maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, and stress during pregnancy, greater maternal trauma exposure was associated with increased infant distress to limitations and sadness. Higher and lower prenatal cortisol exposure modified the magnitude and direction of association between maternal trauma history and infant rate of recovery from arousal. The association between maternal trauma history and infant distress to limitations was somewhat stronger among infants exposed to higher levels of prenatal cortisol. The analyses suggested that maternal lifetime trauma exposure is associated with several domains of infant negative affectivity independently of maternal stress exposures during pregnancy and that some of these associations may be modified by prenatal cortisol exposure. The findings have implications for understanding the intergenerational impact of trauma exposure on child developmental outcomes.
Ernst Mach’s Influence on Four Japanese Thinkers

Starting with a brief account of early Japanese interest in Western philosophy, part one of this paper will focus on the influence of Ernst Mach’s ideas on a small group of philosophers of science. We will begin with Ishiwara Jun, follow with Tanabe Hajime from the influential Kyoto School of Nishida Kitaro, and conclude this section with Mach’s philosophical influence on Taketani Mitsuo, a thinker of some importance about methodological questions in science and a colleague of the Nobel prize winner, Yukawa Hideki.
Bridging Secondary and Postsecondary Leadership Experiences: A Toolkit for Leadership Learning Facilitators

This chapter examines the scaffolding of leadership learning and development in student organizations from secondary to postsecondary institutions and explores ways that high school and collegiate advisors can better integrate efforts to help emerging student leaders make the transition from involvement and leadership development from one environment to the other.
Recent advances in the management of transient ischemic attacks

Significant advances in our understanding of transient ischemic attack (TIA) have taken place since it was first recognized as a major risk factor for stroke during the late 1950's. Recently, numerous studies have consistently shown that patients who have experienced a TIA constitute a heterogeneous population, with multiple causative factors as well as an average 5–10% risk of suffering a stroke during the 30 days that follow the index event. These two attributes have driven the most important changes in the management of TIA patients over the last decade, with particular attention paid to effective stroke risk stratification, efficient and comprehensive diagnostic assessment, and a sound therapeutic approach, destined to reduce the risk of subsequent ischemic stroke. This review is an outline of these changes, including a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages, and references to how new trends are likely to influence the future care of these patients.
Hear-Here: a choreographed peer-to-peer network for live participation on the radio

This paper describes a software system and live audio event called "Hear-Here" that links live microphone input from multiple users together in an FM radio broadcast. The system connects users in a browser-based peer-to-peer network using WebRTC whereby each user, taking turns, is able to contribute 2 seconds of audio at a time, ad infinitum. The paper provides a description and evaluation of the system and radio event along with background motivation and related work.
60 Multi organisational audit of the record and prompt for adult care in the last days of life in wirral

Background The Wirral Multidisciplinary Record and Prompt for Adult Care in the Last Days of Life was developed in 2016 to support the delivery of excellent individualised care in last days of life in keeping with the Priorities for Care of the Dying Person and NICE guidance for Care of Dying Adults in the Last Days of Life. Following its introduction across Wirral University Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Wirral Hospice St John’s, audits were undertaken across both settings assessing whether care in the last days of life was delivered and documented in line with national guidance. Method A retrospective case note review was conducted using a standardised data collection tool. In the hospital setting, the audit sample from January-March 2017 included 30 cases where care was supported with the record of care, and 29 cases where it was not. In the hospice setting the audit sample from June-September 2016 included 34 patients whose care had been supported using this tool with comparison to a previous audit in 2015 assessing care in the last days of life. Results The results across both organisations showed a considerable improvement in care delivered to patients in the last days of life, when the record of care was used, as evidenced by key findings in table 1 and 2. Conclusion The use of the record of care has led to meaningful improvements in the care documented for dying patients and those close to them across all domains. The tool has been embedded across both organisations, with the focus now on ongoing education, awareness-raising of the improvement seen when the tool is used, and developments of electronic templates to support its use. Roll-out across the community setting is planned during 2018, with the aim of assuring the same high quality care in any setting.
Adaptation of a tongue shape model by local feature transformations.

Reconstructing the full contour of the tongue from the position of 3 to 4 landmarks on it is useful in articulatory speech work. This can be done with submillimetric accuracy us- ing nonlinear predictive mappings trained on hundreds or thousands of contours extracted from ultrasound images. Collecting and segmenting this amount of data from a speaker is difficult, so a more practical solution is to adapt a well-t rained model from a reference speaker to a new speaker using a small amount of data from the latter. Previous work proposed an adaptation model with only 6 parameters and demonstrated fast, accurate re- sults using data from one speaker only. However, the estimates of this model are biased, and we show that, when adapting to a different speaker, its performance stagnates quickly with the amount of adaptation data. We then propose an unbiased adaptation approach, based on local transformations at each contour point, that achieves a significantly lower reconstruction error with a moderate amount of adaptation data.
History and Prevalence of Involuntary Emotional Expression Disorder

The syndrome now known as involuntary emotional expression disorder (IEED) is a condition characterized by uncontrollable episodes of laughing and/or crying. It has been known for more than a century, but confusing and conflicting terminology may have hampered the progress of physicians in recognizing this condition. IEED is associated with various neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, and neurological injuries such as stroke and traumatic brain injury. It is hoped that better defined terminology for IEED may help in the future diagnosis of this debilitating condition, the establishment of accurate prevalence rates for IEED in the varying underlying conditions, and also in removing blame and stigma from sufferers by providing reassurance about the nature of their condition.
Public Enterprise in India

It is interesting and significant to observe that India has long been regarded as a prototype case of public ownership. In the early 19th century, Richard Jones, in his Peasant Rents, had pointed out that the state owned the land and at least in theory, the ryots paid rents to the sovereign.1 In addition, along with the Russian mir, the Germanic mark and the primitive cantons of the Swiss (Allmenden), the Indian village was singled out as a celebrated ancient case of communal ownership.2 Students like Sumner Maine 3 and B. H. Baden-Powell 4 confirmed and clarified this conception. Although the communal ideal has been combated,5 without going into the controversy, it appears to be the modern view that at least some portion of the land (pasture in particular) was held in common.6 Moreover, some of this communality persisted down to the establishment of British rule in India.
Mesh Convergence Behavior and the Effect of Element Integration of a Human Head Injury Model

Numerous head injury models exist that vary in mesh density by orders of magnitude. A careful study of the mesh convergence behavior is necessary, especially in terms of strain most relevant to brain injury. To this end, as well as to investigate the effect of element integration scheme on simulated strains, we re-meshed the Worcester Head Injury Model at five mesh densities (~ 7.2–1000 k high-quality hexahedral elements of the brain). Results from explicit dynamic simulations of three cadaveric impacts and an in vivo head rotation were compared. First, scalar metrics of the whole brain only considering magnitude were used, including peak maximum principal strain and population-based median strain. They were further extended to deep white matter regions and the entire brain elements, respectively, to form two “response vectors” to account for both magnitude and distribution. Using benchmark enhanced full-integration elements (C3D8I), a minimum of 202.8 k brain elements were necessary to converge for response vectors of the deep white matter regions. This model was further used to simulate with reduced integration (C3D8R). We found that hourglass energy higher than the common rule of thumb (e.g., up to 44.38% vs. < 10% of internal energy) was necessary to maintain comparable strain relative to C3D8I. Based on these results, it is recommended that a human head injury model should have a minimum number of 202.8 k elements, or an average element size of no larger than 1.8 mm, for the brain. C3D8R formulation with relax stiffness hourglass control using a high scaling factor is also recommended to achieve sufficient accuracy without substantial computational cost.
The Dangers of Sneezing: A Review of Injuries.

BackgroundSneezing is an almost universal daily phenomenon as a reflex to evacuate irritants from the nasal cavities. An autonomic-controlled buildup of intrathoracic pressure against a closed glot...
Learning ambidextrous robot grasping policies

Universal picking (UP), or reliable robot grasping of a diverse range of novel objects from heaps, is a grand challenge for e-commerce order fulfillment, manufacturing, inspection, and home service robots. Optimizing the rate, reliability, and range of UP is difficult due to inherent uncertainty in sensing, control, and contact physics. This paper explores “ambidextrous” robot grasping, where two or more heterogeneous grippers are used. We present Dexterity Network (Dex-Net) 4.0, a substantial extension to previous versions of Dex-Net that learns policies for a given set of grippers by training on synthetic datasets using domain randomization with analytic models of physics and geometry. We train policies for a parallel-jaw and a vacuum-based suction cup gripper on 5 million synthetic depth images, grasps, and rewards generated from heaps of three-dimensional objects. On a physical robot with two grippers, the Dex-Net 4.0 policy consistently clears bins of up to 25 novel objects with reliability greater than 95% at a rate of more than 300 mean picks per hour.
Trains, Buses, People: An Opinionated Atlas of US Transit

It was a pleasure to sit down and read this new offering addressing public transportation. The book begins with a discussion of the role of transit in the US then addresses the critical factors ass...
Redescription and Clarification of Type Designation of Entocythere cambaria Marshall, 1903 (Ostracoda: Entocytheridae) and synonymization of Entocythere illinoisensis Hoff, 1942

Entocythere cambaria was described by William S. Marshall in 1903 as the first species in what would later become family Entocytheridae. Designated as the type species of Entocythere both by original designation and monotypy, E. cambaria is integral to understanding relationships within the genus. Yet, a type series for E. cambaria was not designated, and specimens used by Marshall to describe the species have since been deemed no longer extant. C.W. Hart Jr. and Dabney Hart assigned a neotype for E. cambaria in 1974, but this specimen was not catalogued into the Invertebrate Zoology Collection at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History, and subsequently disappeared. A specimen, which we believe to be Hart and Hart's intended neotype, was recently discovered, giving us the opportunity to clarify the neotype designation of E. cambaria, and provide a complete description based on modern standards for podocopid ostracods. In addition, based on careful scrutiny of numerous specimens, including the types, we synonymize Entocythere illinoisensis with E. cambaria, and describe in full for the time the adult female of the species.
Combination of oncolytic viruses and immune checkpoint inhibitors in glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is associated with poor prognosis with a mean survival of 15 months after diagnosis. The current standard of care includes surgery, radiation, and temozolomide with the use of tumor-treating fields in select patient population. The past decade has witnessed a convergence in our understanding of tumor biology and the role of the immune system in fighting cancer. The highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment exerted by glioblastoma cells has contributed to the lack of success of novel immunotherapies till date (including checkpoint inhibitors). Oncolytic viral-based approaches are of renewed interest given advances in tumor cell tropism, pathogenicity, and immunogenicity. More importantly, oncolytic viruses have been shown to initiate a broad immune response through various mechanisms including dual activation of the innate and adaptive arms of the host immune system. Because the initial clinical studies with monotherapy checkpoint inhibition in glioblastoma have failed to demonstrate a survival advantage, most trials in glioblastoma are testing combinations that seek to augment the immune response through mutually reinforcing approaches that can overcome the immunosuppressive milieu. Preclinical data in glioblastoma models with combined oncolytic viruses therapy and checkpoint blockade are favorable and provide rationale to initiate first-in-human trials. Even though the number of clinical trials testing this combination in glioblastoma is limited, more studies are expected in the future.
Curving neural nanobioelectronics.

Three-dimensional nanowire transistors with curvilinear tips record intracellular signals from neurons.
A longitudinal study of piece rate and health: evidence and implications for workers in the US gig economy.

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate health outcomes for workers subject to piece rate historically to better understand the implications of pay type in the modern-day gig economy. While piece rate occurring in the 1980s and 1990s predates recent platform-based employment, it introduced and normalized patterns of economic precariousness that are instrumental in the current gig economy. Evidence suggests that such pay types may result in poor health outcomes; however, cross-sector evidence of its long-term effects on US workers is lacking. This article represents the first longitudinal cross-sector analysis relating health outcomes to this performance pay type in US workers. Study design This is a longitudinal cohort study. Methods Data from six survey waves of the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth collected between 1988 and 2000 are used in a random-effects logit model to predict self-reported health limitations related to piece rate, while controlling for worker, work environment, lifestyle, time, and location trends. Results Pay tied to piece rate in current or prior periods significantly increases the odds of self-reported health limitations compared with salaried work (odds ratio [OR]: 1.4–1.8). These effects are elevated for the subgroups of low-wage (OR: 1.5–1.8), female (OR: 1.8–1.9), and non-white (OR: 2.0–2.1) workers compared with their high-wage, male, and white peers. Conclusions The results suggest that piece rate pay designed to promote efficiency may have important negative implications for worker health, especially for the most vulnerable members of the US workforce such as women, minority, and low-income workers. Given the growing popularity of performance-based pay to the gig economy, more research is needed to determine if the practice is justified from a public health perspective.
Mental health is the health of the whole body: How psychoneuroimmunology & health psychology can inform & improve treatment.

Background Converging and accumulating evidence for the cross-communication among the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems, a field of study known as psychoneuroimmunology, implicates immunological dysfunction as a shared and common mechanism of both mental and physical illness. For example, psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, and anxiety disorders have higher prevalence rates across a spectrum of autoimmune conditions compared to the general population. Additionally, subclinical immunological abnormalities are observed in a variety of psychiatric conditions, with chronic inflammation most extensively studied in the pathophysiology of depression. These observations blur the historical distinctions between mental and physical illness, yet clinical practice remains fragmented and primarily focused on differentially treating individual symptoms. Proposed thesis Therapeutically targeting inflammation offers translational opportunities for integrating mental and physical healthcare, a key niche of the interdisciplinary field of health psychology. Conclusion Utilizing a psychoneuroimmunological lens, health psychologists and clinicians can reconceptualize healthcare through integrative treatment approaches and advocacy for comprehensive policy-level reform at both the individual-level of care as well as community-wide prevention approaches.
Purification and Analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans Extracellular Vesicles

The secretion of small membrane-bound vesicles into the external environment is a fundamental physiological process of all cells. These extracellular vesicles (EVs) function outside the cell to regulate global physiological processes by transferring proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, and lipids between tissues. EVs reflect the physiological state of their cells of origin. EVs are implicated to have fundamental roles in virtually every aspect of human health. Thus, EV protein and genetic cargos are being increasingly analyzed for biomarkers of health and disease. However, the EV field still lacks a tractable invertebrate model system that permits the study of EV cargo composition. C. elegans is well suited for EV research because it actively secretes EVs outside of its body into its external environment, permitting facile isolation. This article provides all the necessary information for generating, purifying, and quantifying these environmentally secreted C. elegans EVs including how to work quantitatively with very large populations of age-synchronized worms, purifying EVs, and a flow cytometry protocol that directly measures the number of intact EVs in the purified sample. Thus, the large library of genetic reagents available for C. elegans research can be tapped into for investigating the impacts of genetic pathways and physiological processes on EV cargo composition.
Application of ARIMA model on prediction of malaria incidence

OBJECTIVE To predict the incidence of local malaria of Hubei Province applying the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA). METHODS SPSS 13.0 software was applied to construct the ARIMA model based on the monthly local malaria incidence in Hubei Province from 2004 to 2009. The local malaria incidence data of 2010 were used for model validation and evaluation. RESULTS The model of ARIMA (1, 1, 1) (1, 1, 0)12 was tested as relatively the best optimal with the AIC of 76.085 and SBC of 84.395. All the actual incidence data were in the range of 95% CI of predicted value of the model. The prediction effect of the model was acceptable. CONCLUSIONS The ARIMA model could effectively fit and predict the incidence of local malaria of Hubei Province.
Flexor Tenosynovitis of the Hand

Flexor tenosynovitis is an infection of the synovial sheath that surrounds the flexor tendon of the digit. It can occur secondary to a penetrating injury, hematogenous spread or direct spread from adjacent infected tissues. Bacterial (and less commonly fungal and mycobacterial) species that cause flexor tenosynovitis vary and depend on the immune status of the patient as well as the mechanism of inoculation. The four Kanavel signs are classic physical exam findings in patients with pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis. The mainstay of treatment consists of early initiation of broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and urgent surgical intervention. Long-term complications include digit stiffness, tendon adhesions, tendon rupture, and amputation.