cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A New Species of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) From the Shennongjia Forest District, Hubei Province People's Republic of China

Ilex shennongjiaensis sp. nov., one of the new highly ornamental taxa and germplasm introductions from the Shennongjia Forest District of Western Hubei, People's Republic of China, resulting from the Sino-American Botanical Expedition to Western Hubei—1980, is described and distinguished from I. sugerokii, the species of closest affinity. Eine neue Ilex-Art, Ilex shennongjiaensis sp. nov. wird aus dem Shennongjia-Waldgebiet von West-Hubei (Volksrepublik China) beschrieben und mit der nachst verwandten Art I. sugerokii verglichen. Es ist ein gut ausgepragtes, dekoratives Taxon, von dem auch Keimplasma zur Konservierung eingefuhrt wurde. Die Art wurde 1980 auf der chinesisch-amerikanischen botanischen Expedition nach West-Hubei entdeckt.
Young women's scientific identity formation in an urban context

In this article we examine the scientific identity formation of two young women of color who attend an urban vocational high school. One young woman lives in an urban setting, while the other lives in a suburban setting. We describe how these young women's identities influence and respond to experiences in school science. In particular, we describe how the experience of marginalization can make membership in a school science community impossible or undesirable. We also describe the advantages that accrue to students who fit well with the ideal identities of an urban school. Finally, we describe some of the difficulties students face who aspire to scientific or technological competence yet do not desire to take on aspects of the identities associated with membership in school science communities. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 965–980, 2001
Reaction pathway of the trans-acting hepatitis delta virus ribozyme: a conformational change accompanies catalysis.

The hepatitis delta virus (HDV), an infectious human pathogen and satellite of hepatitis B virus, leads to intensified disease symptoms, including progression to liver cirrhosis. Both the circular RNA genome of HDV and its complementary antigenome contain the same cis-cleaving catalytic RNA motif that plays a crucial role in virus replication. Previously, the high-resolution crystal structure of the product form of a cis-acting genomic HDV ribozyme has been determined, while a trans-acting version of the ribozyme was used to dissect the cleavage reaction pathway. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) on a synthetic trans-cleaving form of the ribozyme, we are able to directly observe substrate binding (at a rate constant kon of 7.8 10 6 M -1 min -1 at pH 7.5, 11 mM MgCl2, and 25 °C) and dissociation (at 0.34 min -1 ). Steady-state and time-resolved FRET experiments in solution and in nondenaturing gels reveal that the substrate (precursor) complex is slightly more compact (by 3 A) than the free ribozyme, yet becomes significantly extended (by 15 A) upon cleavage and product complex formation. We also find that trans cleavage is characterized by a high transition-state entropy ( -26 eu). We propose that the significant global conformational change that we observe between the precursor and product structures occurs on the reaction trajectory into a constrained product complex-like transition state. Our observations may present the structural basis of the recently described utilization of intrinsic substrate binding energy to the overall catalytic rate enhancement by the trans-acting HDV ribozyme.
Diversity and Multiplexing of Opportunistic Shared Relay Channel and the X-Relay Channel

In this paper we study opportunistic communication in two relay channels, the shared relay channel (SRC) and the X-relay channel (XRC). The shared relay channel consists of multiple non-interfering source-destination pairs sharing one relay. The X relay channel is a multi-source multidestination network where each source has a message for each destination and the network is assisted by one relay. The diversity multiplexing tradeoff is calculated for these two networks under protocols including non-orthogonal amplify-forward, dynamic decode-forward, and compress-forward. The performance of simpler protocols can be easily deduced from the results in this paper.
Alcohol use among female sex workers and male clients: an integrative review of global literature

Aims: To review the patterns, contexts and impacts of alcohol use associated with commercial sex reported in the global literature. Methods: We identified peer-reviewed English-language articles from 1980 to 2008 reporting alcohol consumption among female sex workers (FSWs) or male clients. We retrieved 70 articles describing 76 studies, in which 64 were quantitative (52 for FSWs, 12 for male clients) and 12 qualitative. Results: Studies increased over the past three decades, with geographic concentration of the research in Asia and North America. Alcohol use was prevalent among FSWs and clients. Integrating quantitative and qualitative studies, multilevel contexts of alcohol use in the sex work environment were identified, including workplace and occupation-related use, the use of alcohol to facilitate the transition into and practice of commercial sex among both FSWs and male clients, and self-medication among FSWs. Alcohol use was associated with adverse physical health, illicit drug use, mental health problems, and victimization of sexual violence, although its associations with HIV/sexually transmitted infections and unprotected sex among FSWs were inconclusive. Conclusions: Alcohol use in the context of commercial sex is prevalent, harmful among FSWs and male clients, but under-researched. Research in this area in more diverse settings and with standardized measures is required. The review underscores the importance of integrated intervention for alcohol use and related problems in multilevel contexts and with multiple components in order to effectively reduce alcohol use and its harmful effects among FSWs and their clients.
Determination of the Transition Regime Collision Kernel from Mean First Passage Times

Particle–vapor molecule (condensation) and particle–particle (coagulation) collision kernels are critically important parameters for the description of particle size distribution evolution in aerosols. We use mean first passage time calculations to find a dimensionless form of the collision kernel that applies in the limit where the ratio of the masses of colliding entities (aerosol particles or vapor molecules) to gas molecule mass, Z, approaches infinity, and the colliding entities are dilute in concentration. In these calculations, the motion of colliding entities is monitored with Langevin dynamics, and the collision kernel is inferred from the time required for collision. The presented analysis reveals that the dimensionless collisional kernel (H) is a function solely of the diffusive Knudsen number (KnD , the square root of the product of kT and the reduced mass divided by the product of the reduced friction factor and collision radius), and a number of commonly used expressions for the collision ke...
Keynote Address: Contemporary Problems in National Materials Policy

Back in the 1920s, Will Rogers was holding forth as the outstanding humorous commentator of the day. His ad lib observations on politics were widely quoted. In particular, I remember an occasion in November, 1928, when — just before election day — his lines in a play were richly interlarded with references to the forthcoming elections in which Governor A1 Smith of New York was contesting Herbert Hoover, the Secretary of Commerce. Then, two days later, the election had been decided — very decisively — and Will Rogers entertained us with a completely new collection of ad lib remarks about it.
Endogenous angiotensin II inhibits natriuresis after acute volume expansion in the neonatal rat

Compared with the adult, the neonatal renal natriuretic response to acute volume expansion (VE) is attenuated. To test the hypothesis that antinatriuresis is mediated by endogenous angiotensin I (ANG II), Sprague-Dawley rats were given losartan, an ANG II type 1 (AT1)-receptor inhibitor (40 mg.kg-1.day-1) from birth to 14-17 days. Control littermates received saline vehicle. Anesthetized rats underwent acute saline VE for measurement of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), plasma aldosterone concentration (Paldo), plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (PANP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), sodium excretion (UNaV), potassium excretion (UKV), and urine guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate excretion (UcGMPV). Losartan increased basal urine flow fivefold, UNaV 10-fold, and UKV twofold. Acute VE induced marked diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis in the losartan but not in the saline group. This occurred without change in Paldo and PANP and despite lower MAP, GFR, and UcGMPV. In addition, losartan did not affect release of cGMP from isolated glomeruli stimulated by ANP or sodium nitroprusside. We conclude that the limited renal response to acute VE in the neonate results from stimulation of tubular Na reabsorption by ANG II acting on the AT1 receptor.
Abstract 206: Aiming to Improve Stroke Care Continuity with Primary Care Follow-up Appointments Scheduled Prior to Hospital Discharge

Background: Follow-up care can facilitate patient recovery. To improve care continuity the Ohio Coverdell Stroke Program aimed to improve the proportion of hospitalized stroke patients for whom prior to discharge the hospital scheduled a follow-up appointment with primary care. This is not yet standard of care for stroke. Methods: Of 48 Ohio Coverdell Stroke Program participating hospitals, 37 had data entered into the registry for each quarter of the 12 month quality improvement initiative. Admitted stroke patients of any type planned for discharge home were included. Patients younger than 18 years of age, not admitted to the hospital from the emergency department, or admitted and only receiving comfort care were excluded. Patient-level and hospital-level data were examined to determine performance in a 6 month baseline period (quarters 1-2) and a 6 month active improvement phase (quarters 3 and 4). Patients discharged with and without an appointment scheduled were compared to identify targeted areas for continued improvement. Results: There were 4,558 stroke patients discharged home over 12 months from 37 geographically distributed hospitals (62.4% ischemic stroke, 29.0% TIA, 8.5% hemorrhagic stroke). At baseline, 13.4% of patients had an appointment scheduled with a primary care provider prior to discharge home. This increased to 18.7% in quarter 3 and 26.6% in quarter 4, representing a 98.5% improvement from baseline to quarter 4 in the proportion of patients with a primary care follow-up appointment scheduled. Median quarter 4 performance at a hospital level was 10.5% (distributed from 0-80.0% across 37 hospitals). Analysis of patient characteristics showed differences in the proportion of patients with an appointment by age (15.5% for ages>65 years vs. 18.5% of younger patients, p=0.004); race (15.1% white race vs. 22.1% of African Americans, p<0.001); history of prior stroke (19.0% with prior stroke vs. 16.3% with no prior stroke, p=0.031); comorbid diabetes (18.6% with diabetes vs. 16.1% without, p=0.021); dyslipidemia (18.2% with vs. 15.6% without, p=0.013); and obesity (14.4% were obese/overweight vs. 17.7% who were not overweight/obese, p=0.007). No significant patient level differences were found by patient sex, insurance, stroke type, stroke severity, prior myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease, prior TIA, family history of stroke, or comorbid atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or hypertension. Conclusions: Hospital performance with scheduling primary care follow-up appointments improved significantly; however, only 1 in 4 patients had an appointment scheduled prior to discharge. Case study analysis of missed opportunities may help identify barriers and facilitators associated with access, availability, and awareness that can be addressed in future improvement cycles.
Quantitative electron tomography of biological structures using elastic and inelastic scattering

Conventional bright-field electron tomography (ET) provides valuable information about three-dimensional cellular architecture at 5–10 nm spatial resolution [1–3]. Reconstructed volumes can be obtained from heavy-atom stained plastic sections imaged with amplitude contrast, or from frozen-hydrated specimens imaged with phase contrast. Spatial resolution in conventional ET, as limited by stain artifacts and by radiation damage, is adequate for visualizing certain large macromolecular complexes, but smaller molecular assemblies often remain difficult to identify. We have investigated the use of alternative contrast mechanisms to help localize molecular structures of interest.
Measuring Sulfatase Expression and Invasion in Glioblastoma

Extracellular sulfatases (SULF1 and SULF2) selectively remove 6-O-sulfate groups (6OS) from heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and by this process control important interactions of HSPGs with extracellular factors including morphogens, growth factors, and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The expression of SULF1 and SULF2 is dynamically regulated during development and is altered in pathological states such as glioblastoma (GBM), a highly malignant and highly invasive brain cancer. SULF2 protein is increased in an important subset of human GBM and it helps regulate receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling and tumor growth in a murine model of the disease. By altering ligand binding to HSPGs SULF2 has the potential to modify the extracellular availability of factors important in a number of cell processes including proliferation, chemotaxis, and migration. Diffuse invasion of malignant tumor cells into surrounding healthy brain is a characteristic feature of GBM that makes therapy challenging. Here, we describe methods to assess SULF2 expression in human tumor tissue and cell lines and how to relate this to tumor cell invasion.
Abstract 1633: C-terminal binding proteins are novel drug targets

Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL The CtBP transcriptional corepressors have been identified as proto-oncogenes. CtBP represses pro-apoptotic genes and promotes cancer cell migration and invasion in a redox sensitive manner through a regulatory dehydrogenase domain. The CtBP dehydrogenase substrate 4-methylthio-2-oxobutyric acid (MTOB) can act as a CtBP inhibitor at high concentrations, and induces apoptosis in the human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116. MTOB induced apoptosis is dependent upon expression of the BH3 only protein BIK, a previously established CtBP target. Treatment of both native and transformed Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts revealed a wide therapeutic index for CtBP inhibition. In human colon cancer cell peritoneal xenografts, MTOB treatment reduced tumor growth and induced apoptosis in vivo without notable toxicity. To verify the potential utility of CtBP as a therapeutic target in human cancer, the expression of CtBP and its negative regulator ARF was studied in a series of resected human colon adenocarcinomas. CtBP and ARF levels were inversely-correlated, with elevated CtBP levels (compared with adjacent normal tissue) observed in greater than 60% of specimens, with ARF absent in nearly all specimens exhibiting elevated CtBP levels. Thus, CtBP is a viable therapeutic target in human cancer. In order to identify novel CtBP inhibitors, a simple dehydrogenase assay was developed that utilizes the spectrophotometric measurement of enzymatic conversion of NADH to NAD+ by the CtBP dehydrogenase activity. This assay successfully detects MTOB substrate and inhibitor activity, as well as inhibition of CtBP activity by the related compound 4-methylthio-2-hydroxybutyric acid (MTHB). This assay will be adapted for high throughput screening of small molecule libraries for novel CtBP inhibitors that can be further characterized in pre-clinical models. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1633. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1633
Coseismic Strains on Plate Boundary Observatory Borehole Strainmeters in Southern California

Abstract Strainmeters can record offsets coincident with earthquakes, but how much these represent strain changes from elastic rebound, and how much they are contaminated by local effects, remains an open question. To study this, we use a probabilistic detection method to estimate coseismic offsets on nine borehole strainmeters (BSMs) operated by the Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) in southern California, from 34 earthquakes with a wide range of magnitudes and distances. In general, the offsets estimated for the BSM data differ substantially from the static strain predicted by elastic dislocation theory, which is well supported by other techniques, though 10% of the observed offsets agree well with theory. For one earthquake, the BSM offsets significantly disagree with collocated long‐base laser strainmeter data. Comparisons with collocated seismic data provide strong evidence that the absolute errors between the observed and predicted strains scale with the level of seismic energy density but also that relative errors (normalized by the model size) do not. We conclude that apparent strain offsets are induced by seismic waves, occurring presumably because of irreversible deformation, whether in the rock or cementing materials close to the BSMs, or in the instruments themselves. Coseismic offsets seen in PBOBSM data should therefore be viewed with caution before being used as a measure of large‐scale coseismic deformation. Online Material: Tables of offset estimates and predictions, error estimates, strike sensitivities, and figures of observed versus predicted offsets.
SENSITIVE MATERIAL: FEELING AND ARGUMENT IN THE DESERTED VILLAGE

(1997). SENSITIVE MATERIAL: FEELING AND ARGUMENT IN THE DESERTED VILLAGE. Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association: Vol. 87, No. 1, pp. 1-12.
Dietary Phenolics Affects Performance of the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) and Its Parasitoid Cotesia melanoscela (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

We examined the effects of dietary phenolic glycosides and tannic acid on performance of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), and its suitability as a host for the parasitoid Cotesia melanoscela (Ratzeburg). Gypsy moth growth was reduced on diets containing allelochemicals, and the magnitude of reduction was greater on diets supplemented with phenolic glycosides than on diets supplemented with tannic acid. Reductions in gypsy moth performance translated into prolonged development, reduced cocoon weight, and higher incidences of mortality for C. melanoscela . Overall, phenolic glycosides reduced C. melanoscela performance slightly more than did tannic acid. These results show that interactions of C. melanoscela with its host are influenced by the diet of the host, demonstrating that plant allelochemicals can have profound effects not only on plant–herbivore interactions but on herbivore–natural enemy interactions as well.
Collagen structure and cartilage matrix integrity

We continue to explore the molecular interactions that characterize the underlying heteropolymeric assembly of types II, IX, and XI collagen in articular cartilage. Structural studies on bovine articular cartilage reveal a high degree of specificity in the interactions of the individual alpha-chains of types IX and XI collagens. The results predict that type IX collagen molecules are not only heavily crosslinked to type II collagen, in an antiparallel orientation, but also to other type IX collagen molecules through specific sites. Type XI collagen molecules are primarily crosslinked to each other in the tissue, but the results are also consistent with type XI-II covalent interactions. We propose that selective proteolysis of types IX and XI collagens is a potential modulator of collagen network architecture.
Groundwater and Surface Water Interactions in Relation to Natural and Anthropogenic Environmental Changes

Groundwater and surface water interaction is an essential component of the hydrological cycle. The hydraulic connectivity and exchange of water between surface water (e.g. rivers, lakes, wetlands) and underlying aquifers provide many ecosystem services that sustain human and ecological well-being. Climate change, increased population, and industrial growth have resulted in substantial environmental (e.g. land use and land cover, climate, groundwater) changes across the globe. As a result, decline in groundwater levels, drying of streams, shrinking lakes, wetlands, and estuaries have been observed across the world. This generates concerns about the effects of such environmental changes on groundwater and surface water interactions, and on the quality and quantity of water resources. This chapter presents an overview of groundwater and surface water interactions, pressing environmental change issues centered on natural and anthropogenic environmental changes, and available management tools that quantify the integrated groundwater and surface water flow processes. This chapter also briefly discusses exciting research opportunities enabled by satellite remote sensing. We close in with a discussion of future management challenges and strategies for sustainable use of groundwater and surface water resources. One outcome of this chapter is to provide resource managers, researchers, consultant groups, and government agencies basic understanding of the types, mechanism, and effects of natural and anthropogenic landuse changes on groundwater and surface water interactions, and available management tools for studying groundwater and surface water interactions.
Potential Effects and Proactive Regulatory Solutions for Agriculture in the Shadow of a Uranium Mine: What Virginia Can Do to Provide for its Agricultural Producers

This note will discuss these issues from a legal, scientific and regulatory perspective. This note provides a comprehensive view of the risks to agricultural crops and livestock from uranium mining and milling in light of the present-day national and state legislative and regulatory framework. This note will then address the gaps in both regulation and enforcement mechanisms as they apply to uranium mining’s effects on the agricultural economy of the region. Finally, this note will provide suggestions for a means of regulating the agricultural product output of the potentially affected regions of Virginia to ensure that agriculture can continue to be a successful economic base long both during and after the uranium mining process.
Three novel species of Bacillariophyta (Diatoms) belonging to Aulacoseira and Lindavia from the Pliocene Hadar Formation, Afar Depression of Ethiopia

Paleolake Hadar was an expansive lake in the lower Awash Valley of Ethiopia’s Afar Depression that existed periodically through the Late Pliocene. The sedimentary deposits from this ancient lake (Hadar Formation) have broad importance because a significant number of hominin fossils have been recovered from the formation. Samples of the Hadar Formation lacustrine sequence were collected from sediment cores extracted as part of the Hominin Sites and Paleolakes Drilling Project (HSPDP). A paleoecological study of the HSPDP Northern Awash (Hadar Formation) material has unearthed three novel species of Bacillariophyta (diatoms) from diatomites that appear periodically in the cores. The Hadar Formation assemblage represents a newly revealed excerpt from the evolutionary history of freshwater diatoms in East Africa during the Piacenᴢian age (2.59–3.60 Ma). The HSPDP Northern Awash diatom species are compared to previously reported diatoms from Pliocene outcrops, modern and fossil core material from Lake Malawi, and extant species. Here we describe two new species of Aulacoseira and one of Lindavia . Taxonomic treatment of two diatom varieties reported by previous researchers as Melosira are transferred into Aulacoseira herein.
Teaching Managing Sustainability to Non-business Undergraduates:

This paper reviews the challenges and opportunities facing business and environmental management education while outlining pedagogies recommended for creating an environment which encourages transformational education. This approach, deemed â€˜fluidity teachingâ€™ is used to teach managing sustainability to non-business majors with the objective of promoting critical thinking and heightened problem solving skills. The course positively impacted studentâ€™s awareness of sustainable management complexities and solutions. Techniques utilized help students gain ownership of their learning process and knowledge gathering thus allowing them to make multidisciplinary linkages and offer complex suggestions across boundaries. Finally, studentsâ€™ assessments indicated they felt they developed critical thinking skills which lead to rich discussions and â€˜thinking for themselvesâ€™ in determining viable solutions in sustainability issues.
Disorders of vitamins and cofactors

Vitamins and cofactors are essential for the health and development of humans. Most are not synthesized by humans and must be obtained from exogenous sources. They are involved in a number of biochemical functions, mostly as enzyme cofactors. For their actions, they must be transported to specific intracellular sites. Deficiencies of vitamins and cofactors could be nutritional or due to inborn errors of metabolism of intracellular recycling or storage. In this chapter, inborn errors of metabolism of various vitamins and cofactors including thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), biotin (vitamin B7), and cobalamin (vitamin B12) are discussed. Confounding factors that may mimic inborn errors of metabolism are also discussed.
Therapeutic effects of PPARα agonist on ocular neovascularization in models recapitulating neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Purpose This study was designed to evaluate effects of fenofibric acid (Feno-FA), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) agonist, on ocular neovascularization (NV) in models recapitulating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and to explore whether the effects are PPARα dependent. Methods Laser-induced choroidal NV (CNV) in rats and very low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (Vldlr-/-) mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of Feno-FA or vehicle. Vascular leakage was examined by fundus fluorescein angiography and permeability assay using Evans blue as tracer. In CNV rats, severity of CNV was evaluated by CNV areas and CNV volume. In Vldlr-/- mice, subretinal NV (SRNV) and intraretinal NV (IRNV) were quantified in choroid flat mount and retina flat mount, respectively. Inflammatory factors were measured using Western blotting and retinal leukostasis assay. Further, Pparα-/- mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice were used for laser-induced CNV and treated with Feno-FA to explore the underlying mechanism. Results Feno-FA significantly reduced vascular leakage in CNV rats and Vldlr-/- mice, reduced CNV volume in laser-induced CNV rats, and suppressed SRNV and IRNV in Vldlr-/- mice. In addition, Feno-FA downregulated the expression of inflammatory factors, including VEGF, TNF-α, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), in the eyecups of CNV rats and decreased adherent retinal leukocytes in Vldlr-/- mice. Furthermore, Pparα-/- mice developed more severe CNV compared with WT mice, and PPARα knockout abolished the beneficial effects of Feno-FA on CNV. Conclusions Feno-FA has therapeutic effects on ocular NV in models recapitulating neovascular AMD through a PPARα-dependent mechanism.
Where Are They Now? The Results of an HDFS Alumni Survey

A key challenge of family science is to help students acquire a more thorough understanding of the field and career opportunities. To date, knowledge of family science graduates’ professional experiences is primarily anecdotal. The goal of this study is to present empirical findings from an online survey completed by 216 human development and family studies (HDFS) undergraduate alumni. Most were employed in positions related to their degree or had pursued post-undergraduate education. Completion of a field experience was the only predictor of employment in an HDFS-related position. Income, fields of practice, job functions, and age groups with whom they work are reported for alumni employed in positions related to their degree. Significant differences were found between these alumni and graduates who had pursued additional education in the importance placed on areas of knowledge and skills in their current roles. Implications are discussed for family science faculty and researchers.
Table 8: [Conversation] Office hours & student conferencing: Getting students to come and making the most of time

*No special preparation required* Welcome to ITL and this table! Join your fellow Mason instructors to informally discuss this table's topic. At the table, you will find desk copies of related resources (digital versions are available below), and an experienced Mason colleague who has experience and strategies related to this topic. Not sure what to talk about? Here are some conversation starters: Share a little about yourselves: Department Years at Mason Courses you are teaching What excites you about teaching? What brought you to this table? Why do you want students to come to office hours? How can you make those benefits visible to students? What are some reasons why students might not want to come to office hours? How can you compensate for or respond to those concerns? How can you help students come to office hours or conferences more prepared to gain from the experience? What sorts of digital tools or applications can enable “office hour” experiences? Have an example or resource to share? Submit through this link and we'll upload it after the conference: http://library.gmu.edu/publishing/submit Still have questions? Leave a post it note on the table sign at the end of the Share-a-thon or email your questions to stearns@gmu.edu ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:
Transforming with a Soft Touch: Comparing Four Learning Networks

In this paper, we consider how learning networks build capacity for system transformation. We define learning networks as inter-organizational voluntary collaboratives that nurture professional expertise and describe their potential to catalyse systemic change by disrupting old habits, fostering new relationships, and providing freedom to experiment. We conducted a parallel study of four learning networks, which vary in age since founding from 2 to 25 years, applying three exploratory questions across our cases. We conclude by considering how learning networks can foster transformative capacity within social-ecological systems when they are designed and facilitated with a soft touch so that network members in different sites have the freedom to define their place and purpose within their system, as well as their role in bringing about a desired transformation. We suggest that system transformation is not just the sum of similar efforts at different sites and scales or a least common denominator between them but is emergent from interaction between the partially shared understandings of actors within and between sites, and across network scales. A well-designed network is a learning system that encompasses these multiple perspectives, and good netweaving mediates different ways of system knowing without collapsing them into one perspective. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Procedural Treatments: Laser Trabeculoplasty

There are two main considerations for using laser trabeculoplasty (LTP) vs. medications as a first line or replace­ment treatment. The first is disease related and the second is economic. Disease related issues are efficacy, compliance, diurnal IOP control, and side effects/risks. Economic issues are divided into personal financial impact for the individual patient and medical costs for society in general.
Renal artery aneurysm associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy

Abstract Leber hereditary optic neuropathy is an inherited, rare, mitochondrial metabolic disease that leads to progressive vision loss due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The disorder has been associated with microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. We present a novel case of saccular left renal artery aneurysm in a 27-year-old man with known Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. The lesion was asymptomatic and grew from 1.8 to 2.0 cm during the course of 1 year. We successfully performed an endovascular left renal artery aneurysm repair.
Forecasting New Features and Market Adoption of Wearable Devices Using TRIZ and Growth Curves: Case of Fitness Tracking Products

This paper describes the application of a combination of TRIZ and Bass modeling to forecast the technology growth projections for one of the wearable devices, fitness trackers. For the TRIZ modeling, the fitness tracking system was divided into three subsystems and each was analyzed as per the technology trends from current literature. The subsystems’ combined assessment was then visualized via a radar plot. The analysis showed the technology to be in an emergent state with primary growth in the hardware and software subsystem areas. The Bass model showed the market peaking at eight and saturating in 15 years.
Social forces and the evolution of tourism: A historical framework of urban change

This paper focuses on the conditions that gave rise to tourism as a tool of urban economic development. By the 1960s and 1970s, an emerging economy of recreation and tourism was gaining steam as ma...
Multi-class wine grades predictions with hierarchical support vector machines

Important wine attributes found in wine reviews are used to predict a wine's grade through linear kernel support vector machines (SVMs). In this work, grade prediction is defined as a multi-class problem with four classes: 100∼95, 94∼90, 89∼85 and 84 below. Since SVMs inherently do binary classification, the multi-class problem is solved using a hierarchical approach. More than 100,000 wines are collected as our dataset. Based on the two-layer SVM model which is built in this study, we accomplish high accuracy on predicting a wine's grade. Coverage, which is usually a multi-label metric, is also adapted to evaluate these results. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that multi-class problem is applied to Wineinformatics.
Tell Me No Secrets: Sharing, Discipline, and the Clash of Ecclesiastical Abstention and Psychotherapeutic Confidentiality

When a client confesses her deepest secret to her therapist, she expects that to be kept confidential. But if that therapist is also her clergyperson, and if church doctrine directs him to reveal her secrets to the entire congregation and he does so — even after the client has left the church — that client has no legal remedy available in the Texas judicial system. In the situation of the client/congregant, when ecclesiastical abstention (a court’s refusal to decide matters of church doctrine) blocks private rights to seek a remedy, the law abandons the harmed person, already in a position of seeking help and whose ultimate trust of a professional licensed therapist has been shattered. Perhaps the government is staying separated from the church, but the church has certainly intruded into the operation of government and into citizens’ expectation of an available civil court remedy when that church commits torts against those private citizens. This Article examines the trouble that arises when ecclesiastical abstention conflicts with confidentiality rules that therapists are expected to follow; it explains why ecclesiastical abstention should not apply in the above type of situation. Psychotherapeutic confidentiality is integral to the counseling relationship, and although clergypersons who hold counseling licenses may have church doctrine and governing rules to obey, they also have licensing standards to meet — licensing standards that the public expects to be met and that, when they are not met, invade the public’s safety, peace, or order. Not only should courts not apply ecclesiastical abstention, then, licensing boards should use their tools of education and discipline to prevent the situation or, at the very least, to answer when a court system fails to. This article provides that solution for the dual-role dilemma first by demonstrating that ecclesiastical abstention should not apply in this situation, and second by calling for licensing boards to both educate and discipline in matters related to this dual role and breaches of confidentiality. Our secrets are too precious and our privacy is too great to allow a decision to join a church, a decision later revoked, to invade that privacy.
Measurement and Impact of Equity Market Liberalization

During the globalization era, the liberalization of domestic financial markets has been among the most important national policy decisions. In particular, equity market liberalization, the focus of this chapter, provides foreign investors the access to domestic equity securities and domestic investors the right to transact in foreign equity securities. If liberalization is effective, it leads to market integration, the notion that assets of comparable risk are priced comparably regardless of the country in which they reside. The former is regulatory decision, whereas the latter is an economic outcome. This entry summarizes research on the measurement of liberalization, the implications for market integration, and the fundamental impact on both the financial and real sectors of developing countries.
Definitions of Cerebrovascular Disease

As we noted, the prerequisite in studying a disease is its definition. Cerebro-vascular disease (CVD) can be classified from the location of the vascular or the cerebral lesion, the nature of the insult, or the cause of the disease. A quite exhaustive categorization of “stroke” has been accomplished by the ad hoc Committee of the Academy of Neurology and published as a supplement in Neuro­logy in 1958. While certainly all-inclusive, its very complexity prevents its appli­cation to epidemiologic works, where simplicity must at times take precedence over accuracy. The Committee nomenclature too included both clinical and path-logic criteria in diagnosis, which further limits its applicability.
Role of ethylene in postharvest quality of cut oriental lily ‘Stargazer’

The effects of endogenous and exogenous C2H4 and C2H4 inhibitors on the postharvest leaf and flower quality of Oriental lily ‘Stargazer’ were investigated. Endogenous C2H4 was not produced by freshly harvested excised leaves or flowers. Treatment of freshly harvested excised flowers, buds, leaves, and intact cut stems with C2H4 concentrations as high as 10 µl·l−1 did not affect bud opening or longevity or the development of leaf yellowing. Therefore, treatment with anti-C2H4 compounds, such as silver thiosulfate (STS) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), did not improve the quality of the flowers. Data thus indicate that freshly harvested ‘Stargazer’ were not sensitive to C2H4. Sensitivity of ‘Stargazer’ to C2H4, however, increased dramatically following cold storage, as exposure of cold-stored stems to C2H4 concentrations as low as 0.3 µl·l−1 significantly affected bud opening. The development of leaf yellowing on cold-stored stems was not affected by the exogenous C2H4. Pretreating cold-stored stems with 1-MCP significantly reduced blasting of small buds that failed to develop due to carbohydrate depletion and reduced the percentage of buds that did not fully open. Concurrently, 1-MCP did not affect the quality of the leaves. These data indicate that sensitivity of cut lilies to C2H4 differs following cold storage and that 1-MCP is a more suitable anti-C2H4 compound than STS. Furthermore, studies on endogenous C2H4 production revealed that, while C2H4 was not detected in freshly harvested buds and leaves, it was produced by both following cold storage. The latter produced C2H4 at a higher rate than the former. Results of this study clearly indicate that there are two situations in which lilies will benefit from pretreatment with an anti-C2H4 compound (1) when cut stems contain buds that are marginally small for opening and (2) when cut stems will be cold stored before marketing.
Watching and Safeguarding Your 3D Printer: Online Process Monitoring Against Cyber-Physical Attacks

The increasing adoption of 3D printing in many safety and mission critical applications exposes 3D printers to a variety of cyber attacks that may result in catastrophic consequences if the printing process is compromised. For example, the mechanical properties (e.g., physical strength, thermal resistance, dimensional stability) of 3D printed objects could be significantly affected and degraded if a simple printing setting is maliciously changed. To address this challenge, this study proposes a model-free real-time online process monitoring approach that is capable of detecting and defending against the cyber-physical attacks on the firmwares of 3D printers. Specifically, we explore the potential attacks and consequences of four key printing attributes (including infill path, printing speed, layer thickness, and fan speed) and then formulate the attack models. Based on the intrinsic relation between the printing attributes and the physical observations, our defense model is established by systematically analyzing the multi-faceted, real-time measurement collected from the accelerometer, magnetometer and camera. The Kalman filter and Canny filter are used to map and estimate three aforementioned critical toolpath information that might affect the printing quality. Mel-frequency Cepstrum Coefficients are used to extract features for fan speed estimation. Experimental results show that, for a complex 3D printed design, our method can achieve 4% Hausdorff distance compared with the model dimension for infill path estimate, 6.07% Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) for speed estimate, 9.57% MAPE for layer thickness estimate, and 96.8% accuracy for fan speed identification. Our study demonstrates that, this new approach can effectively defend against the cyber-physical attacks on 3D printers and 3D printing process.
Nickel reduces calcium dependent dimerization in neural cadherin

Cadherins are the transmembrane component in adherens junctions, structures that link the actin cytoskeletons in adjacent cells within solid tissues including neurological synapses, epithelium and endothelium. Cell-cell adhesion by cadherins requires the binding of calcium ions to specific sites in the extracellular region. Given the complexity of the cell adhesion microenvironment, we are investigating whether other divalent cations might affect calcium-dependent dimerization of neural (N) cadherin. The studies reported herein characterize the impact of binding physiological magnesium(ii) or neurotoxic nickel(ii) on calcium-dependent N-cadherin function. Physiological levels of magnesium have only a small effect on the calcium-binding affinity and calcium-induced dimerization of N-cadherin. However, a tenfold lower concentration of nickel decreases the apparent calcium-binding affinity and calcium-induced dimerization of N-cadherin. Competitive binding studies indicate that the apparent dissociation constants for nickel and magnesium are 0.2 mM and 2.5 mM, respectively. These Kd values are consistent with concentrations observed for a range of divalent cations in the extracellular space. Results from these studies indicate that calcium-induced dimerization by N-cadherin is attenuated by natural and non-physiological divalent cations in the extracellular microenvironment.
Do medications affect outcomes in pelvic pouch construction

Abstract Ileal pouch anal anastomosis is the preferred operation for restoration of intestinal continuity in patients with ulcerative colitis due to favorable functional outcomes and quality of life. However, up to 30% can develop postoperative complications, of which pelvic sepsis is the most dreaded due to impaired pouch function and increased rates of pouch failure. Several modifiable risk factors are associated with postoperative pelvic sepsis including obesity, poor nutritional status, anemia, and immunosuppressive therapy. While the evidence regarding the effect of immunosuppressive therapy on adverse postoperative outcomes is controversial, there is mounting data to suggest the operation performed at the time of immunosuppression exposure is critical for subsequent pouch outcomes. This has resulted in an increased number of pouches being performed as a modified 2-stage or 3-stage approach, a conservative yet safe approach to avoid potential deleterious effects of immunosuppression at the critical step of pouch formation.
Automated and semi-automated map georeferencing

ABSTRACTHistorical maps contain a wealth of information not generally available, but they must be referenced to well-known coordinate systems for maximum use in spatial analysis. Existing georefere...
Equitably Treating Individual Washington State Forest Trusts through Consolidated Management: A Conceptual Approach

This article develops a conceptual approach for managing a consolidated set of individual forest trusts to meet the fiduciary responsibilities of a trust manager. An important tenet of trust management is to manage each trust with undivided loyalty. Consolidated management of a set of trusts is permissible so long as each individual trust benefits, although each need not benefit equally. Individual trust-by-trust analysis is required to demonstrate that a consolidated management plan is beneficial to each individual trust and that joint benefits of such management are equitably distributed. The proposed approach is discussed within the context of a consolidated Habitat Conservation Plan developed for Washington State's forestlands.
Adults with autism spectrum disorder: Updated considerations for healthcare providers

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) eventually grow up and need to make the transition from pediatric services to adult. This is a diverse patient population.
Electron Microscopic Demonstration of the Photoconversion of a Fluorescent Label in Mixed Neuroglial Cultures

Endothelial cells (EC) possess receptors for and metabolize low-density lipoprotein (LDL); acetylation of LDL promotes EC metabolism and the intracellular deposition of its cholesteryl ester component. In turn, acetylated LDL linked to the fluorescent dye, Dil (Dil-Ac-LDL), has been used as a marker for endothelial cells, including cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (CEC). Due to the low electron density of fluorescent dyes, however, detection of this marker is not possible ultrastructurally. We demonstrate here the photo-conversion of the chromogen, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB), into a stable, electron-dense reaction product in subcultured human fetal CEC containing the fluorescent marker, Dil-Ac-LDL, thus promoting identification of these cells via light and electron microscopy. This method, in turn, may be useful in identifying and tracking human fetal CEC grafted into SCID mice as a model for blood-brain barrier angiogenesis.Isolated human fetal CEC were subcultured and labeled with Dil-Ac-LDL (10 ug/ml).