cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Design tradeoffs in OFDMA traffic channels

This paper studies uplink traffic channel design tradeoffs for broadband OFDMA systems. For fixed and portable users, where the propagation channels are semi-static, we show that the uplink capacity can be maximized when user traffic channels are configured with the maximum frequency selectivity. For mobile services on the other hand, we show that the optimality depends on the outage threshold associated with the "outage capacity." In the low outage probability region, the outage capacity is maximized when the traffic channels are configured with the maximum frequency diversity. The opposite is true for the high outage probability region. Using the results presented, designers of OFDMA system can determine the optimum traffic channel configuration based on the types of services supported by the network.
Analysis of an excitable dendritic spine with an activity-dependent stem conductance|

Dendritic spines are the major target for excitatory synaptic inputs in the vertebrate brain. They are tiny evaginations of the dendritic surface consisting of a bulbous head and a tenuous stem. Spines are considered to be an important locus for plastic changes underlying memory and learning processes. The findings that synaptic morphology may be activity-dependent and that spine head membrane may be endowed with voltage-dependent (excitable) channels is the motivation for this study. We first explore the dynamics, when an excitable, yet morphologically fixed spine receives a con- stant current input. Two parameter Andronov—Hopf bifurcation diagrams are constructed showing stability boundaries between oscillations and steady- states. We show how these boundaries can change as a function of both the spine stem conductance and the conductance load of the attached dendrite. Building on this reference case an idealized model for an activity-dependent spine is formulated and analyzed. Specifically we examine the possibility that the spine stem resistance, the tunable ''synaptic weight'' parameter identified by Rall and Rinzel, is activity-dependent. In the model the spine stem conduc- tance depends (slowly) on the local electrical interactions between the spine head and the dendritic cable; parameter regimes are found for bursting, steady states, continuous spiking, and more complex oscillatory behavior. We find that conductance load of the dendrite strongly influences the burst pattern as well as other dynamics. When the spine head membrane potential exhibits relaxation oscillations a simple model is formulated that captures the dynam- ical features of the full model.
Small cardioactive peptide B increases the responsiveness of the neural system underlying prey capture reactions in the pteropod mollusc, Clione limacina.

Effects of small cardioactive peptide B (SCPB) on cerebral neurons which underlie prey capture in the carnivorous pteropod mollusc, Clione limacina, were investigated. SCPB in concentrations of 10 μM and higher produced direct activation of cerebral ganglion neurons underlying extrusion of buccal cones used in prey capture. SCPB in lower concentrations, between 1 and 5 μM, did not have a noticeable effect on the membrane potentials of these neurons; however, it significantly increased their responsiveness to sensory inputs from the tactile stimulation of the head, and their ability to generate afterdischarge activity. SCPB immunoreactivity was observed in cell bodies in buccal, cerebral, pedal, and intestinal ganglia, as well as in the anterior esophagus and in buccal cones where fibers stained intensely. These electrophysiological and immunohistochemical data suggest that SCPB may have a physiological role in feeding arousal in Clione. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Patterns in grass genome evolution

Increasingly comprehensive, species-rich, and large-scale comparisons of grass genome structure have uncovered an even higher level of genomic rearrangement than originally observed by recombinational mapping or orthologous clone sequence comparisons. Small rearrangements are exceedingly abundant, even in comparisons of closely related species. The mechanisms of these small rearrangements, mostly tiny deletions caused by illegitimate recombination, appear to be active in all of the plant species investigated, but their relative aggressiveness differs dramatically in different plant lineages. Transposable element amplification, including the acquisition and occasional fusion of gene fragments from multiple loci, is also common in all grasses studied, but has been a much more major contributor in some species than in others. The reasons for these quantitative differences are not known, but it is clear that they lead to species that have very different levels of genomic instability. Similarly, polyploidy and segmental duplication followed by gene loss are standard phenomena in the history of all flowering plants, including the grasses, but their frequency and final outcomes are very different in different lineages. Now that genomic instability has begun to be characterized in detail across an array of plant species, it is time for comprehensive studies to investigate the relationships between particular changes in genome structure and organismal function or fitness.
A second species of the North American mayfly genus Amercaenis Provonsha and McCafferty (Ephemeroptera:Caenidae)

A new species of the psammophilous and brushlegged North American genus Amercaenis Provonsha and McCafferty, Amercaenis cusabo Provonsha and McCafferty, new species, is described from larvae taken from the Black River (North Carolina), the Pee Dee River (North Carolina), and the Savannah River (Georgia and South Carolina). The new species differs from the only other known species of the genus, A. ridens (McDunnough), for example, in having segments 2 and 3 of the labial palps subequal in length, and having the transverse row of setae on the forefemora consisting of long spatulate setae. Adults provisionally assigned to the new species are associated with the larvae morphologically and in locale do not fit any other adults of North American Caenidae, and differ from the congener A. ridens by dark dorsal coloration. The two species of Americaenis are biogeoraphically disjunct.
Intravenous bisphosphonate therapy does not acutely alter nuclear bone scan results.

Abstract Introduction Theoretically, the bisphosphonates used to treat metastatic bone disease could influence the results of nuclear bone scans which use the structurally similar technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate (99mTc MDP). A prospective clinical study was designed to explore this hypothesis. Patients and Methods Patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving intravenous bisphosphonate (IVBP) therapy who had ≥3 osseous lesions on nuclear bone scan were eligible. A baseline bone scan (number 1) was performed as clinically indicated and IVBP with zoledronic acid was administered within 72 hours. A second bone scan (number 2) was performed within 72 hours of zoledronic acid dosing. Both bone scans were reviewed in a blinded fashion and assessed for changes in the number and intensity of osseous lesions. Ten patients were planned to yield at least 30 lesions. Results Ten patients were enrolled. One patient withdrew consent and 1 was excluded due to protocol deviation. Among the 8 patients were 163 assessable osseous lesions. The median time from bone scan number 1 to IVBP was 1 day (range, 1-2 days). The median time from IVBP to bone scan number 2 was 2 days (range, 1-3 days). The paired imaging showed no changes in the total number of bone metastases. One hundred sixty-one lesions were identical in both scans; in 1 patient there were 2 lesions that were discordant, one more intense, the other less intense. Conclusion These data do not support the hypothesis that IVBP therapy interferes with bone scan results.
Agonist anti-4-1BB plus neutralizing anti-CTLA-4 or -PD-L1 synergize to promote tumor regression by rescuing dying dysfunctional CD8+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment

Meeting abstracts Tumors can be broadly placed into two categories: those that are T cell-inflamed and those that are not, with T cell-inflamed tumors having specific chemokine and type I interferon gene expression signatures as well as CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells (TIL). The fact that these T
Paclitaxel-dependent mutants have severely reduced microtubule assembly and reduced tubulin synthesis

A subset of mutant cell lines selected for resistance to the antitumor drug paclitaxel are unable to progress normally through mitosis unless the drug is present in the growth medium. Without paclitaxel the cells form defective spindles, undergo aberrant mitoses, fail to complete cell division and eventually die. Analysis of these drug-dependent cells revealed a low amount of microtubule polymer and less tubulin production than wild-type cells. Ribonuclease protection experiments indicated that the decreased tubulin protein was due to decreased tubulin mRNA. Enhancing microtubule assembly by treating the cells with paclitaxel, restored tubulin to levels comparable with those of paclitaxel-treated wild-type cells, which demonstrated that the drug-dependent cells do not have a permanent impairment in their capacity to synthesize tubulin. Paclitaxel-resistant (but not dependent) cells have a smaller reduction in microtubule polymer with little or no decrease in tubulin production, whereas colcemidresistant cells have increased microtubule assembly but also exhibit little or no change in tubulin production. Finally, a mutant cell line producing an unstable β-tubulin protein has normal growth as well as normal synthesis and polymerization of tubulin, despite an approximately 30% decrease in steady state tubulin content. These studies establish a lower limit of tubulin assembly needed for cell survival and indicate that tubulin assembly must fall below this point to trigger a significant decrease in tubulin synthesis.
Circular Differential Microscopy

In this chapter we will describe the historical development of the theory of differential imaging, and the invention of the circular differential imaging microscope. The technique is shown to be a logical extension of the research on the interaction of circularly polarized light with structures whose dimensions are arbitrary with respect to the wavelength of light, (Tinoco et al., 1980).
Evaluating a management strategy for malrotation in heterotaxy patients.

Abstract Background There is disagreement over the management of malrotation in children with heterotaxy and congenital heart disease (CHD). We sought to evaluate the outcomes of management with a Ladd procedure compared to observation in this cohort of patients. Methods We performed a retrospective review of CHD children with heterotaxy and malrotation identified on radiographs treated from 8/2002 until 4/2014. Primary outcomes evaluated were readmission for small bowel obstruction (SBO) or volvulus. Results We identified 88 patients with cardiac heterotaxy and malrotation. Sixty-eight (77%) had a Ladd procedure. Eighteen (26%) of the 68 had abdominal symptoms, but only one had an underlying volvulus without ischemia. Twenty (23%) patients died of cardiopulmonary complications, 8 before and 12 after the Ladd procedure. Sixty-eight patients survived to the review date (median: 5years): 56 in the Ladd cohort and 12 observed. Six of the 56 (11%) surviving Ladd patients were readmitted to hospital with an SBO, and 2 required surgical intervention. None of the 12 surviving nonoperative patients developed a volvulus. Conclusion Eleven percent of patients developed SBO after their Ladd procedure. Conversely, no observed patients developed a volvulus. This suggests that complications from a Ladd procedure occur with higher frequency than complications from observing heterotaxy patients with malrotation.
Production of dietary necrotic liver degeneration using American torula yeast.

SummaryAmerican torula yeast, when used as the sole protein source in Vit. E free diets, induced dietary necrotic liver degeneration in rats in the same manner as reported for European yeasts. Other American yeasts did not produce the defect. With 30% torula yeast in the diet the incidence of liver degeneration in 15 consecutive experiments was 100%, the average survival time was 45.5 days.L-Cystine reduced the incidence of the defect considerably; however, even 1.0% did not give full protection when supplementation started at the 25th day. Five mg % vit. E prevented the defect completely.Necrosis of the liver developed very suddenly after an experimental period of 22 to S3 days and was accompanied by kidney lesions, forestomach ulcers, acute lung edema and hemorrhages in the lungs, in the lymphatic tissues and occasionally in the intestine.Acknowledgment is made to Mr. Louis E. Lowman and Mr. William Beane for technical assistance.
High-Order Methods and Boundary Conditions for Simulating Subsonic Flows

The direct numerical simulation of the aeroacoustics of subsonic flows is widely recognized as being crucial to the detailed understanding of the underlying physics. It is also extremely challenging to computational technique due to the relatively small energy of the radiated field, the wide range of spatial and temporal scales, and the fundamental importance of unsteady flow features. In this work we report on our progress in building and testing a highly accurate solver for the compressible Navier-Stokes equations in the subsonic, high Reynolds number regime. Our focus is on optimizing various parameters in our high-order, Hermitebased spatio-temporal discretizations and in our domain truncation methods. We will discuss new theoretical results as well as ongoing numerical experiments ranging from simple one-dimensional simulations of the viscous Burgers and Navier-Stokes equations to fully nonlinear experiments with two-dimensional flows.
Surgery for Thyroid Disease

Thyroidectomy is the keystone of management in most patients with thyroid cancer, and has unique advantages in many cases of hyperthyroidism. The role of thyroidectomy in these two conditions is considered, with specific discussion of indications, extent of operation, complications, and technique.
Medications prescribed at ambulatory visits for nasal polyposis.

Background Nasal polyps occur in a significant fraction of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. However, patterns of medical management in nasal polyp cases are unknown. We sought to determine actual national estimates and contemporary prescribing patterns for ambulatory care visits with a diagnosis of nasal polyposis (NP). Methods The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey 2004-2010 were accessed, extracting all adult office visits with a diagnosis of NP. Demographic, provider type, and medication classes prescribed were determined. National estimates for the number of ambulatory medical care visits along with medications prescribed by provider type (otolaryngologist versus nonotolaryngologist) were determined. Results There were an estimated 442,024 ± 49,609 adult office visits annually with an NP diagnosis (54.8% men; mean age, 52.3 years); 64.6% of these visits were with otolaryngologists. Medication prescribing rates with a diagnosis of NP were nasal steroids (43.7%), oral steroids (26.9%), antibiotics (26.0%), and oral antihistamines (18.5%). Medication use rates for nasal steroids, oral steroids, oral antihistamines, and antibiotics were 36.3, 25.9, 15.3, and 22.2% for otolaryngology visits, respectively. Analogous medication use rates were 57.1, 28.8, 24.2, and 32.9% of nonotolaryngology visits, respectively. These differences by provider were not statistically significant (all, p ≥ 0.113). Conclusion Although nasal steroids are efficacious in NP, they are likely underprescribed. Oral steroids are also commonly prescribed for NP and should be considered a standard option in the treatment of NP.
Phenol Analysis Using 2-Fluorenesulfonyl Chloride as a UV-Fluorescent Derivatizing Agent

Les composes phenoliques sont mis en reaction avec le chlorure de sulfonyle et les sulfonates formes sont analyses par chromatographie liquide a haute performance et detection UV et de fluorescence
Determination of Several Metal Impurities in Trivalent Chrome Plating Solution by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Trivalent chrome plating solution was digested by boiling in the presence of nitric acid.Then the concentrations of copper,iron,nickel,zinc and lead in the treated plating solution were directly determined by means of flame atomic absorption spectrometry.Results show that the method is sensitive and accurate for the determination.An addition standard recovery of 95%～105% and a relative standard deviation of less than 2% were recorded with the method,meeting with the requirement for industrial production.
Redefining "Employee" to Provide Worker Protections Within a Flexible Workforce

This paper focuses on firms misclassifying workers as independent contractors instead of as employees. This means fewer and fewer workers are afforded legal workplace protections. The tests used to determine how workers should be classified are complex and convoluted. This paper argues that rather than focus on classifying a worker solely as either an employee or independent contractor, the concept of “employee” should be redefined to incorporate those workers who are somewhere in between, which describes a large number of workers in the U.S. who are denied protection from workplace laws.
A Hardware-Assisted Energy-Efficient Processing Model for Activity Recognition Using Wearables

Wearables are being widely utilized in health and wellness applications, primarily due to the recent advances in sensor and wireless communication, which enhance the promise of wearable systems in providing continuous and real-time monitoring and interventions. Wearables are generally composed of hardware/software components for collection, processing, and communication of physiological data. Practical implementation of wearable monitoring in real-life applications is currently limited due to notable obstacles. The wearability and form factor are dominated by the amount of energy needed for sensing, processing, and communication. In this article, we propose an ultra-low-power granular decision-making architecture, also called screening classifier, which can be viewed as a tiered wake-up circuitry, consuming three orders of magnitude-less power than the state-of-the-art low-power microcontrollers. This processing model operates based on computationally simple template matching modules, based on coarse- to fine-grained analysis of the signals with on-demand and gradually increasing the processing power consumption. Initial template matching rejects signals that are clearly not of interest from the signal processing chain, keeping the rest of processing blocks idle. If the signal is likely of interest, the sensitivity and the power of the template matching modules are gradually increased, and ultimately, the main processing unit is activated. We pose optimization techniques to efficiently split a full template into smaller bins, called mini-templates, and activate only a subset of bins during each classification decision. Our experimental results on real data show that this signal screening model reduces power consumption of the processing architecture by a factor of 70p while the sensitivity of detection remains at least 80p.
Die Begründung der christlichen Mystik

Wollten wir ihnen diese Frage stellen, wurden sie uns die traditionelle Antwort geben. Aber man darf nicht meinen, das sie die sie treibenden Krafte vollstandig und genau benennen wurden. Die einer Handlung zugewiesenen Motive sind oft blose Rechtfertigungen fur sehr unvollkommen verstandene Antriebe. Wir sind alle jenem unglucklichen Geisteskranken beunruhigend ahnlich, der unter dem Zwang stand, sich unaufhorlich die Hande zu waschen. Er wascht sie „weil sie schmutzig sind“. Doch der Psychiater ist sich anderer, dem Patienten verborgener Antriebe bewust.
Identifying significant integration and institutional factors that predict online, doctoral persistence

Abstract Based on a synthesis of traditional attrition models and the empirical literature, an online doctoral persistence model was developed using archival data from 148 candidates. A predictive, correlation design and logistic regression were used to examine if a linear combination of institutional (financial support; program, curriculum, and instruction; and support services) and integration variables (academic, social, economic, and familial integration) could be used to distinguish between doctoral students who persist from those who withdraw during the dissertation process. The entire model, including all institutional and integration variables, were found to significantly predict whether or not online doctoral students will persist in the candidacy stage of the program. Moreover, support services; quality of the program, curriculum, and instruction; academic integration; social integration with faculty; and familial integration each individually contributed to explaining the likelihood of online doctoral persistence. Social integration, financial support, and economic integration were not individual significant contributing factors explaining persistence.
Predictors of Complications and Comparison of Outcomes Using SurgiMend Fetal Bovine and AlloDerm Human Cadaveric Acellular Dermal Matrices in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction.

Background Implant-based breast reconstruction with an acellular dermal matrix is one of the most common procedures performed by plastic surgeons. Although numerous matrices are available, there is little literature comparing them. This study compares the rates of complications between two commonly used products: AlloDerm (human cadaveric) and SurgiMend (fetal bovine) acellular dermal matrices. Methods A retrospective review of a single center's 6-year experience was performed for consecutive, immediate breast reconstructions with acellular dermal matrix from 2009 to 2014. The authors compared demographics and surgical characteristics between patients receiving AlloDerm versus SurgiMend. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine any association between type of matrix and surgical complications and to identify other clinical predictors for complications. Results A total of 640 patients underwent 952 reconstructions using AlloDerm [578 breasts (61 percent)] or SurgiMend [374 breasts (39 percent)]. The average follow-up was 587 days. Multivariate analysis revealed that type of matrix was not an independent risk factor for the development of complications. However, smoking, age, radiotherapy, and initial tissue expander fill volume were associated with increased risk of postoperative complications. Conclusions Both AlloDerm and SurgiMend acellular dermal matrices demonstrate similar rates of major complications when used in immediate implant-based breast reconstruction. In contrast, preoperative radiation therapy, smoking, increasing age, and initial tissue expander fill volume are independent risk factors for postoperative complications. Reconstructive surgeons should take these findings into consideration when performing implant-based breast reconstruction with a dermal matrix.
Did I Cross the Line?: Gender Differences in Adolescents’ Anonymous Digital Self-Reports of Wrongdoing in an Online Anonymous Context

Young people spend substantial and increasing quantities of time communicating on and through digital platforms. Online contexts can be frontiers for communication and disclosure unbounded from offline life. The present study explores how U.S. teens position themselves in anonymous digital posts that pertain to wrongdoing. Do adolescents’ posts reproduce social norms and popular gendered narratives about wrongdoing—or, conversely, do anonymous platforms allow for a departure from gendered scripts? The authors draw on 780 online stories (390 written by self-reported young men, 390 by self-reported young women) about teens’ experiences with wrongdoing to investigate differences in reported rates of victimization and admission of wrongdoing between young male and female posters. Young men are more likely to report instances of their own wrongdoing than are young women, despite the fact that stories of victimization are equally likely to implicate young women and men as culpable of wrongdoing. These findings suggest adolescents internalize and express wrongdoing in gendered ways even in disembodied, anonymous online environments. For practitioners and policymakers interested in questions of school discipline, anti-bullying initiatives, and student accountability for interpersonal relationships, our findings suggest the need for the use of different scripts when setting context for male and female students.
Functional Characterization of a Recombinant FVIIa Drug Candidate

Abstract 4653 Human coagulation factor VII (FVII) is a vitamin-K-dependent protein with a molecular weight of 50 kDa. Activation of FVII occurs by cleavage of the arginine 152 – isoleucine 153 peptide bond resulting in two disulfide-linked peptide chains. The therapeutic utility of rFVIIa is based on its capacity to trigger hemostasis independently from factor VIII and factor IX and thus even in the presence of factor VIII or factor IX inhibitors. Baxter has developed a recombinant FVIIa (rFVIIa) that is synthesized by a genetically engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line. No materials of human or animal origin are employed in the manufacture, purification, or formulation of the final product, thus reducing the risk of transmission of adventitious agents. The growth medium is a chemically defined medium, and the downstream process does not use monoclonal antibodies for the purification of rFVIIa. The rFVIIa drug candidate was functionally characterized in vitro and its features were compared with those of a commercially available rFVIIa. The overall hemostatic potency of rFVIIa was assessed by its FVIII bypassing activity in a human FVIII-deficient plasma with high-titer inhibitor by measuring the kinetics of thrombin generation and fibrin formation. The thrombin-generating capacity of the rFVIIa drug candidate was similar to that of commercial rFVIIa. The time and rate of fibrin formation was measured by thromboelastography, where a dose-dependent normalization of the impaired clotting times and fibrin formation was observed. A similar FXa-generating potency was found for rFVIIa and commercial rFVIIa when measured on the surface of TF-expressing fibroblasts, suggesting a full capability to bind to TF-bearing cells and trigger hemostasis on their surfaces. rFVIIa could be inactivated by anti-thrombin III-heparin in solution with relipidated TF with no relevant difference to the comparator product. TF pathway inhibitor effectively inhibited FXa generation in a cell-based activity assay, with a similar IC50 for rFVIIa and the comparator. In summary, the functional characteristics of the rFVIIa drug candidate were very similar to those of commercially available rFVIIa. Disclosures: Turecek: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Varadi: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Vejda: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Boehm: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Rottensteiner: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Schwarz: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Reiter: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Mitterer: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Mundt: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Ehrlich: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Scheiflinger: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment.
Finding Religion in Japan’s Empire

Scholars now take for granted the modern invention of “religion” as an intellectual and administrative category in modern history. How the discursive formation of religion relates to Japan’s empire remains, however, relatively obscure. Historians increasingly apply the historiographic approach of “new imperial history” to Japan’s modern empire, spatially and chronologically prioritizing the colonial periphery in relation to the imperial metropole. Our understanding of the emergence of shūkyō as a discursive category in the nineteenth century continues to treat empire as a chronological sequel to the modernization of Japan’s nation-state. This chapter attempts to mesh the historiographic challenge posed by new imperial history with the intellectual history of “religion” in modern Japan, arguing that the political genesis of shūkyō was always, already an imperial project aimed at subduing and disciplining a heterogeneous population deemed vulnerable to conversion, especially at the periphery.
Control in belief space with Temporal Logic specifications

In this paper, we present a sampling-based algorithm to synthesize control policies with temporal and uncertainty constraints. We introduce a specification language called Gaussian Distribution Temporal Logic (GDTL), an extension of Boolean logic that allows us to incorporate temporal evolution and noise mitigation directly into the task specifications, e.g. “Go to region A and reduce the variance of your state estimate below 0.1 m2.” Our algorithm generates a transition system in the belief space and uses local feedback controllers to break the curse of history associated with belief space planning. Furthermore, conventional automata-based methods become tractable. Switching control policies are then computed using a product Markov Decision Process (MDP) between the transition system and the Rabin automaton encoding the task specification. We present algorithms to translate a GDTL formula to a Rabin automaton and to efficiently construct the product MDP by leveraging recent results from incremental computing. Our approach is evaluated in hardware experiments using a camera network and ground robot.
Differential effect of Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (PECAM-1) on leukocyte infiltration during contact hypersensitivity responses

Background 2'-4' Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced contact hypersensitivity is an established model of contact sensitivity and leukocyte migration. Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (PECAM-1) deficient mice were used to examine the role of PECAM-1 in the migration capacity of several different leukocyte populations after primary and secondary application. Results γδ T lymphocytes, granulocytes, and Natural Killer cells were most affected by PECAM-1 deficiency at the primary site of application. γδ T lymphocytes, granulocytes, DX5+ Natural Killer cells, and, interestingly, effector CD4+ T lymphocytes were most affected by the loss of PECAM-1 at the secondary site of application. Conclusions PECAM-1 is used by many leukocyte populations for migration, but there are clearly differential effects on the usage by each subset. Further, the overall kinetics of each population varied between primary and secondary application, with large relative increases in γδ T lymphocytes during the secondary response.
Think leader, think heterosexual male? The perceived leadership effectiveness of gay male leaders

Applying a framework of leadership categorization theory, I examined the leadership perceptions of heterosexual and gay male leaders. A significant interaction was found between participants' homonegativity and the sexual orientation of the target leader (heterosexual male or gay male) for the variable of leadership effectiveness. For participants who were less homonegative, there were no significant differences between evaluations of heterosexual and gay male leaders. However, individuals who were more homonegative evaluated the gay male leader more negatively than they did the heterosexual male leader. Implications of these findings for leaders with a minority sexual orientation and their organizations are discussed. Copyright © 2017 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Teaching behavior analysis with behavior analysis: The evolution of the teaching science lab at the University of North Texas

Institutions of higher education have been increasingly encouragedto employ evidence-based practices in the classroom.Many faculty members continue to rely on more tradi- tional instructional metho...
Correcting energy balance error in heat exchanger data by maximum likelihood method

Abstract In this paper, the uncertainty propagation during the heat exchanger performance data analysis is examined through Monte Carlo simulations. Using the simulation tool, different methods for averaging redundant heat transfer rate measurements for heat exchangers are compared in terms of the uncertainty propagation. When compared to the popular arithmetic mean method, it is found that the weighted linear averaging method is superior for minimizing the uncertainty of the average heat transfer rate, but not necessarily resulting in a minimized uncertainty for the overall performance characteristic (i.e. UA). Also, it is found that the calculated UA values from UA-LMTD method and effectiveness-NTU method are not exactly the same when there is an energy balance error in the redundant heat transfer rates. These issues are caused by the underlying discrepancies in the measured variables during the data reduction. In the present work, a full reconciliation of all measured variables is proposed which makes adjustments to not only heat transfer rates but also other underlying measurements such as mass flow rates and temperatures. The amounts of corrections to individual variables are determined by straightforward formulas derived from a constrained, weighted least squares method. From Monte Carlo simulations, these corrections to variables are confirmed to be the most likely errors with given uncertainties and observed energy balance error. The proposed method consistently yields a minimum uncertainty for both heat transfer rate and UA, and it also produces identical results from UA-LMTD and effectiveness-NTU methods. Using sample data for an air conditioning heat exchanger, the advantage of the proposed method is demonstrated.
Public health nurses' graduate education decision making processes.

Abstract Introduction A well-educated public health workforce is needed to improve population health. Although nurses constitute the largest number of U.S. public health professionals, those holding graduate degrees remain low. This study describes public health nurses' (PHNs) perspectives on graduate school decision-making processes. Methods Using a qualitative descriptive design, semi-structured, qualitative telephone interviews with PHNs ( n =30) were conducted June 2014–January 2015. Study participants included PHNs from 17 states employed in a variety of positions within government health agencies, academe, and business. Interview transcripts were coded and thematically analyzed. Results PHNs' pursuit of a graduate degree varied, often depending on work setting and/or availability of degree programs. Many study participants were unaware of the public health nursing graduate degree option, with only 9 of 26 participants obtaining an advanced degree in public health nursing. The MPH degree however, was well-known and particularly valued. Conclusion Opportunities for graduate public health nursing are limited; as such, marketing of existing programs need to be nationally coordinated and new collaborative efforts between schools of nursing and schools of public health developed. These efforts are required if graduate-prepared public health nurses are to be part of the future workforce, prepared to tackle increasingly complex population health issues.
Characterizing Complex Dynamics in the Classical and Semi-Classical Duffing Oscillator Using Ordinal Patterns Analysis

The driven double-well Duffing oscillator is a well-studied system that manifests a wide variety of dynamics, from periodic behavior to chaos, and describes a diverse array of physical systems. It has been shown to be relevant in understanding chaos in the classical to quantum transition. Here we explore the complexity of its dynamics in the classical and semi-classical regimes, using the technique of ordinal pattern analysis. This is of particular relevance to potential experiments in the semi-classical regime. We unveil different dynamical regimes within the chaotic range, which cannot be detected with more traditional statistical tools. These regimes are characterized by different hierarchies and probabilities of the ordinal patterns. Correlation between the Lyapunov exponent and the permutation entropy is revealed that leads us to interpret dips in the Lyapunov exponent as transitions in the dynamics of the system.
Inherited and Dysplastic Conditions of the Skeleton

The diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias is changing rapidly as molecular biology contributes to our understanding of their basis. Although the total number of dysplastic and inherited skeletal conditions is enormous, a few important ones with interest to the skeletal pathologist, radiologist, and surgeon are selected here for discussion.
One-Step TMLE

In this chapter, we will present one-dimensional universal least favorable parametric submodels for the TMLE of univariate and multivariate target parameters. They guarantee that a single TMLE-update of the initial estimator already solves the efficient influence curve equation. We explain why this type of one-step TMLE is more stable than an iterative TMLE. By the fact that the one-step TMLE for high-dimensional or even infinite-dimensional target parameters is a substitution estimator, it follows that it completely respects the structure of the infinite dimensional parameter. The content of this chapter partly relies on van der Laan and Gruber (2016). As an example, we present a one-step TMLE of a complete treatment-specific survival function.
Systems with Initial Conditions

Most of the treatment so far in the text assumed systems/circuits with zero initial conditions. This means capacitors had zero initial charge and inductors had zero initial current. While this is the most often case, it is not the only one! In the chapter we outline a simple method how to deal with initialized circuits. For capacitors we replace the cap with a zero-pre-charged cap in series with a unit step voltage source. For inductors we replace the inductor with zero-pre-charged one in parallel with a unit step current source. We show that so far as the external world is concerned these substitute topologies can replace the pre-charged ones. Once the pre-charged elements have been replaced with zero-charged ones, and in conjunction with the additional sources, we can now use our standard set of spectral/convolution techniques to solve the system. We illustrate the process on a few examples.
CHAPTER 17 – Arthropods and Vertebrates in Biological Control of Plants

This chapter reviews the use of invertebrates and vertebrates in plant biological control programs, and discusses the taxa that have been used in these programs. It also focuses on the ecological attributes of the biological control agents, and presents procedures for ensuring the ecological safety of candidate natural enemies. Seed- and flower-feeding insects are often used in the introduction programs against weedy plants. Herbivory of the reproductive structures can reduce fruit and seed set and can in some cases reduce recruitment to the seedling stage of the populations. Herbivory can reduce existing plant biomass or cause redirection of resources in the plant tissues through many mechanisms including defoliation, removal of plant sap, destruction of roots, and galling of plant tissues. Such herbivory often leads to a reduction in stored reserves in a plant and a reduction in the rate of plant growth or regrowth in the presence of herbivory. Defoliated plants tend to respond to injury by regrowth, drawing on stored reserves of carbohydrates and other nutrients. New foliage is then used by the plant to rebuild carbohydrate reserves. Plants that have used stored reserves for regrowth can be more vulnerable to abiotic stresses, such as winter cold or summer drought, until the reserves have been restored.
Liver X receptor regulates rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte invasiveness, matrix metalloproteinase 2 activation, interleukin-6 and CXCL10

Fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) invasiveness correlates with articular damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet little is known about its regulation. In this study we aimed to determine the role of the nuclear receptor liver X receptor (LXR) in FLS invasion. FLS were isolated from synovial tissues obtained from RA patients and from DA rats with pristane-induced arthritis. Invasion was tested on Matrigel-coated chambers in the presence of the LXR agonist T0901317, or control vehicle. FLS were cultured in the presence or absence of T0901317, and supernatants were used to quantify matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), MMP-2, MMP-3, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10). Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) (p65) and Akt activation, actin cytoskeleton, cell morphology and lamellipodia formation were also determined. The LXR agonist T0901317 significantly reduced DA FLS invasion by 99% (P ≤ 0.001), and RA FLS invasion by 96% (P ≤ 0.001), compared with control. T0901317-induced suppression of invasion was associated with reduced production of activated MMP-2, IL-6 and CXCL10 by RA FLS, and with reduction of actin filament reorganization and reduced polarized formation of lamellipodia. T0901317 also prevented both IL-1β-induced and IL-6-induced FLS invasion. NF-κB (p65) and Akt activation were not significantly affected by T0901317. This is the first description of a role for LXR in the regulation of FLS invasion and in processes and pathways implicated both in invasion as well as in inflammatory responses. These findings provide a new rationale for considering LXR agonists as therapeutic agents aimed at reducing both inflammation and FLS-mediated invasion and destruction in RA.
Design of Gate Drive Power Supply with Air Core Transformer for High dv/dt Switching

The development of the medium voltage wide bandgap semiconductor SiC power devices has enabled several applications. To drive these power devices, gate drive power supplies with high galvanic isolation are required. Also, due to the very high dv/dt present at the switching of these devices, isolation transformers must have very low coupling capacitance to minimize the circulating currents. In this paper, an air core transformer with double galvanic isolation and multiple secondary windings has been presented for the gate drive power supply. These air core transformers have significant leakage inductances. To generate required voltages and efficient power delivery a full bridge based series-series compensated power supply has been designed. Issues related to air core transformer design and modeling, sizing of the compensation parameters for series-series compensation are addressed in this paper. Experimental verifications of the design implementation are presented.
The Maverick Collector: The Method in the Madness of Peggy Guggenheim:

The twentieth-century matron, dealer, and gallery owner Peggy Guggenheim crafted both a highly public image and a personal identity through her writings, collecting, and exhibition practice. Throug...
The unexpected malleability of lignin.

Curcumin, an aromatic diarylheptanoid, is a principal component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), commonly used in Asian cooking, giving curry its orange colour. Introducing two enzymes into Arabidopsis thaliana caused incorporation of curcumin into its lignin polymer, enhancing sugar release from the cell wall and turning it yellow.
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mammals (and Humans): The Death of a Central Dogma in Neuroscience and its Replacement by a New Dogma.

The review is a critical appraisal of the history and present status of the phenomenon of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in the mammalian and human brain. Previous as well as most current studies of AHN have focused on highly inbred domestic mice and rats that are examined in rigorously controlled laboratory environments using psychology-based behavioral tests. However, this approach cannot reveal the adaptive significance of AHN, a key unresolved question in the field. After the publication of several thousand articles in the field over the last 20 years, little progress has been made in our understanding of the biological utility of AHN in the real world. To accomplish this will require comparative studies employing a greater diversity of species and species-specific behaviors that are investigated in a more naturalistic, evolutionary context. Although efforts along these lines are on the rise, they remain "voices in the wilderness." This review is an attempt to hasten and increase those efforts.
A Critical Literary Review of the Melting Pot and Salad Bowl Assimilation and Integration Theories

Immigrant communities have varying degrees of acculturation based on their predispositions for specific cultural norms, and their propensity to exhibit similarities in principles, values, and a common lifestyle with dominant racial and ethnic groups. Food metaphors like the Melting Pot and the Salad Bowl theories have illustrated different approaches to integration by explaining the political and power dynamics between dominant and minority groups. Yet, little consideration is given in either theory to existing local contexts that influence the actions of these groups. By combining ethnic identities into homogenous outcomes, food metaphors empower dominant ethnic groups and sets the tone for discriminatory legislative policies that eliminate programs aimed at helping minorities. For refugees, this obscures their actual socio-political circumstances and erases their historical experiences. This paper aims to review and critique existing literature about metaphorical homogenous assimilation and integration theories, especially with regards to their application in the United States. This paper postulates that using a homogenous common good as the baseline metaphor of assimilation disregards the individual accommodations that need to be made for both dominant and minority communities. These accommodations, although sometimes separate from the collective good, have a significant role in creating conducive environments for diversity and inclusion.
Manometric Evaluation of Pediatric Swallow

Swallowing involves precise coordination of muscle contractions, resulting in pressure changes that act on oropharyngeal structures as well as the swallowed material. Pharyngeal manometry can measure some of these pressures through the use of a flexible pressure catheter placed transnasally through the pharynx and esophagus. This allows for the objective measurement of swallowing pressures, providing data not obtainable by other evaluation techniques and enabling for straightforward comparisons between healthy and disordered swallowing. This chapter explores indications, techniques, and data output of pharyngeal high-resolution manometry, with special considerations for the pediatric population. Published normative data and future directions for this field are also presented.
Black First-Year College Students' Alcohol Outcome Expectancies.

Background: Alcohol outcome expectancies (AOEs) are associated with college students’ varied alcohol consumption. Existing research on AOEs focuses primarily on heterosexual White students. Thus, i...
Regional History and the Coin Finds from Assur From the Achaemenids to the Nineteenth Century , by S. Heidemann and K. Butcher. 2017

Regional History and the Coin Finds from Assur From the Achaemenids to the Nineteenth Century, by S. Heidemann and K. Butcher. Harrassowitz Verlag 2017. Wissenschaftliche Vero?ffentlichung der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 148. 174pp., 2 diagrams, 15 ill., 2 maps, incl. 31 plates, 5 tables. Hardback 82.00 €. ISBN-13: 9783447107617.