cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Geodesign, Resilience and the Future of Former Mega-Event Sites

Mega-event sites can yield valuable information for urban planning and they provide a remarkable set of cases to study sustainability, resilience and the urban management of public spaces. This chapter examines concepts of resilience and the application of geodesign tools in the context of design and heritage conservation at former international exposition sites. Evaluation of two geodesign tools are derived from a university urban design workshop and a sponsored research project. Resilience is defined in terms of the ability for public spaces to retain a sense of place and history through preservation of historic resources and other cultural assets. The former mega-event sites can also contribute to the resilience of surrounding communities. Design and planning for these spaces requires interdisciplinary planning that responds to changing social and economic conditions and environmental imperatives. Geodesign tools, such as 3D modeling and scenario planning tools, have the potential to aid in this process. However, additional effort is needed to further develop this capacity, especially in terms of bridging different forms of intelligence about architecture, geography and landscape into a unified 3D GIS platform.
Acute isolated myocarditis: Report of a case due to micro-aerophylic streptococcus hemolyticus☆

1. 1. A case of diffuse type of acute isolated myocarditis is reported. 2. 2. A micro-aerophylic Streptococcus hemolyticus was isolated in pure culture from the myocardium. Cultures of the blood and spleen remained sterile. 3. 3. Many cases of acute isolated myocarditis are probably due to an infectious agent, but the failure to recognize the condition clinically or grossly at necropsy has prevented proper bacteriologic studies.
Assimilation of satellite NO 2 observations at high spatial resolution using OSSEs

Abstract. Observations of trace gases from space-based instruments offer the opportunity to constrain chemical and weather forecast and reanalysis models using the tools of data assimilation. In this study, observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are performed to investigate the potential of high space- and time-resolution column measurements as constraints on urban NOx emissions. The regional chemistry–meteorology assimilation system where meteorology and chemical variables are simultaneously assimilated is comprised of a chemical transport model, WRF-Chem, the Data Assimilation Research Testbed, and a geostationary observation simulator. We design OSSEs to investigate the sensitivity of emission inversions to the accuracy and uncertainty of the wind analyses and the emission updating scheme. We describe the overall model framework and some initial experiments that point out the first steps toward an optimal configuration for improving our understanding of NOx emissions by combining space-based measurements and data assimilation. Among the findings we describe is the dependence of errors in the estimated NOx emissions on the wind forecast errors, showing that wind vectors with a RMSE below 1 m s−1 allow inference of NOx emissions with a RMSE of less than 30 mol/(km2 × h) at the 3 km scale of the model we use. We demonstrate that our inference of emissions is more accurate when we simultaneously update both NOx emissions and NOx concentrations instead of solely updating emissions. Furthermore, based on our analyses, we recommend carrying out meteorology assimilations to stabilize NO2 transport from the initial wind errors before starting the emission assimilation. We show that wind uncertainties (calculated as a spread around a mean wind) are not important for estimating NOx emissions when the wind uncertainties are reduced below 1.5 m s−1. Finally, we present results assessing the role of separate vs. simultaneous chemical and meteorological assimilation in a model framework without covariance between the meteorology and chemistry.
Theory of Shape Transitions in Microemulsions

We construct the mean-field phase diagram for microemulsion shapes in the dilute globule limit. The phenomenological bending energy of a globule is motivated by a microscopic model of the elasticity of the surfactant layer. We find spherical, lamellar and cylindrical phases to be stable. In the novel cylindrical phase, the cylinders are rigid for lengths smaller than a persistence length ξc; for lengths larger than ξc‚ the cylinders can behave like polymers in solution. As the persistence length and the degree of polymerization depend on the concentration of dispersed phase, these cylindrical microemulsions should exhibit interesting concentration dependence for the radius of gyration and viscosity.
Crystallography: embracing conformational flexibility in proteins.

Abstract Alcohol cosolvents in conjunction with protein crosslinking can be used to stabilize functionally important structures in a signal transduction molecule.
Helping patients live with multiple sclerosis. What primary care physicians can do.

PreviewMany patients with multiple sclerosis rely on a primary care physician to treat most of their complaints over the years. Dr Rudick, who directs a major center for multiple sclerosis treatment and research, outlines what to expect in caring for these patients and suggests strategies for management.
The relation between alcohol problems and the anxiety disorders

The idea that people suffering from anxiety have a proclivity to consume alcohol to relieve their symptoms is supported by reports showing high comorbidity rates of alcohol and anxiety problems. The authors reviewed relevant epidemiologic surveys, family studies, and field studies and conclude that the relationship between alcohol problems and anxiety appears to be variable among the anxiety disorders. In agoraphobia and social phobia, alcohol problems appear more likely to follow from attempts at self-medication of anxiety symptoms, but panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder may be more likely to follow from pathological alcohol consumption. Simple phobia does not appear to be related to alcohol problems in any meaningful way.
Uncertainty Analysis of Near-Field Thermal Energy Transfer within Nanoparticle Packing

Laser heating of nanoparticles leads to significant near-field thermal effects between the nanoparticles. Due to the interaction between the laser and nanoparticle packings, some laser energy is scattered or absorbed, resulting in attenuation of the laser energy. The absorbed energy within the nanoparticles affects the near-field thermal energy transport. We have analyzed these effects by combining experimental determination of nanoparticle ink morphology with computational electromagnetic simulations. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of a representative copper nanoparticle ink show that the nanoparticles are distributed log-normally in size with 116 nm mean radius and 48 nm standard deviation. Hence, four instances of log-normally distributed copper nanoparticle packings which have 116 nm mean radius with 48 nm standard deviations are created by using a Discrete Element Model (DEM) in which a specified number of particles is generated, specifying a position and radius. Each nanoparticle is randomly generated with an initial velocity and a boundary under gravitational forces, which create the nanoparticle packing. Maxwell’s equations in the frequency domain are simulated for these nanoparticle packings to understand the uncertainty analysis of near-field thermal energy within the nanoparticles by calculating the absorption, scattering and extinction coefficients. We show that nanoparticle distribution under gravitational forces doesn’t significantly affect the absorption cross-section for both TE and TM polarization. Moreover, numerical and experimental results agree well between 400 nm to 800 nm wavelength of laser irradiation for generated different four particle distributions.
Obstructive Ileocolitis in Patients With Obstructed Colorectal Cancer - A Matched Case Control Study.

PURPOSE Obstructive ileocolitis is an ulcero-inflammatory condition which typically occurs in the ileum or colon proximal to an obstructing colorectal lesion. If left unresolved, it often leads to intestinal perforation. We present a matched case control study of patients with obstructive ileocolitis caused by colorectal cancer to determine if any factors can predict this condition. METHODS This is a retrospective review of 21 patients with obstructive colorectal cancer and histologically proven obstructive ileocolitis from 2005 to 2015 matched for age and sex with 21 controls with obstructing colorectal cancer without obstructive ileocolitis. RESULTS The 21 patients with obstructive ileocolitis had a median age of 71 years (range, 52-86 years). The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain (n = 16, 76.2%), followed by vomiting/nausea (n = 14, 66.7%) and abdominal distension (n = 12, 57.1%). Interestingly, the radiological feature of pneumatosis intestinalis was noted in only 1 case. No significant differences were observed in baseline comorbidities, clinical presentations, or tumor characteristics between the 2 groups. Patients with obstructive ileocolitis were found to have a significantly higher total leucocyte count (17.1 ± 9.4×109/L vs. 12.0 ± 6.8×109/L, P = 0.016), lower pCO2 (32.3 ± 8.2 mmHg vs. 34.8 ± 4.9 mmHg, P = 0.013), lower HCO3 (18.8 ± 4.5 mmol/L vs. 23.6 ± 2.7 mmol/L, P < 0.001), lower base excess (-6.53 ± 5.32 mmol/L vs. -0.57 ± 2.99 mmol/L, P < 0.001) and higher serum lactate levels (3.14 ± 2.19 mmol/L vs. 1.19 ± 0.91 mmol/L, P = 0.007) compared to controls. No radiological features were predictive of obstructive ileocolitis. CONCLUSION Patients with obstructive ileocolitis tend to present with metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation, raised lactate, and worse leucocytosis. Radiological features are not useful for predicting this condition.
PROPERTIES OF HYDROENTANGLED NONWOVEN FABRICS MADE WITH GREIGE COTTON LINT, SELECTED MANMADE STAPLE FIBERS, AND THEIR INTIMATE BLENDS WITH THE LINT IN DIFFERENT BLEND RATIOS

For the first time ever, a preliminary study has been conducted to assess the effects of intimate blending of greige (raw) cotton and certain commonly used manmade fibers on properties of the resulting nonwoven fabrics made with different blend ratios. Implementing the hydroentanglement system of making nonwoven fabrics, twenty one (21) fabrics were made separately, using the selected pre-cleaned Upland greige cotton lint, polyester, polypropylene, Tencel, viscose rayon, bleached cotton, and intimate blends of the cotton lint with the other fibers in 80:20, 50:50 and 20:80 blend ratios. With the exception of 100% polypropylene fiber and its 80:20 intimate blends with cotton, all other fibers and their various blends with the greige cotton were processed on the mill-like equipment available at the Center. The fabrics were not scoured and/or bleached to totally remove the greige cotton’s native (hydrophobic) waxes. The results have shown that the improvement of desirable features of absorbency and whiteness of optimally blended greige cotton-based nonwoven fabrics could be significant incentives for rethinking cotton’s use in nonwovens, especially in the fem-hygienic products where the consumer’s choices of good absorbency, whiteness and comfort indeed matter!
The added value of establishing a lexicon to help inform, compare, and better understand the implementation of policy, systems, and environmental change strategies in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education

Abstract Categorization of terms/concepts/constructs that allows for better understanding and comparison of public health interventions is often lacking in program implementation and evaluation. A classification system such as a lexicon, when used appropriately, can help address this need. The present narrative describes a lexicon of policy, systems, and environmental change strategies (PSEs) that was developed and prototyped to aid local implementation of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) interventions in obesity prevention. The lexicon was reviewed and refined by a panel of experts who provided iterative feedback on the system's scope and utility. To develop the lexicon, a team from the local health department: (i) conducted an inventory (community context scan) of SNAP-Ed PSEs implemented in Los Angeles County during 2010–2015; (ii) assessed commonalities among PSEs that were translated into “index factors” to contextualize terms/concepts/constructs relevant to SNAP-Ed services planning; and (iii) convened a panel of experts to review and test the classification system for quality and usability. In the latter activity, the panel reviewed the terms/concepts/constructs within the context of two geographical areas and by the selected PSEs. The final version of the lexicon organized the terms/concepts/constructs of the local SNAP-Ed PSEs into overarching categories, so they can be compared/assessed by type, content, and/or impact. The goal of the project was to create a classification system that can help facilitate meaningful communications among program implementers, evaluators, and community stakeholders. The lexicon has practical implications and potential applications for other jurisdictions interested in reducing obesity rates through SNAP-Ed PSEs.
Brillouin Scattering in Anti-Resonant Hollow-Core Fibers

We investigate optomechanical interactions in anti-resonant hollow-core fibers, for the first time. Experiments and corresponding theoretical calculations reveal weak optomechanical coupling, which suggests that anti-resonant hollow-core fibers are well-suited for noise-sensitive applications. © 2019 The Author(s)
A Case Study: Exploiting Neural Machine Translation to Translate CUDA to OpenCL

The sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model for neural machine translation has significantly improved the accuracy of language translation. There have been new efforts to use this seq2seq model for program language translation or program comparisons. In this work, we present the detailed steps of using a seq2seq model to translate CUDA programs to OpenCL programs, which both have very similar programming styles. Our work shows (i) a training input set generation method, (ii) pre/post processing, and (iii) a case study using Polybench-gpu-1.0, NVIDIA SDK, and Rodinia benchmarks.
Investigating Instruction for Non-Traditional Students Using Brookfield’s Critical Incident Questionnaire

As educators, we strive for continuous improvement in order to make our instruction more meaningful and engaging for all learners. Brookfield (1998; 2015) believes that critical reflective practices allow practitioners to thoughtfully and carefully consider their actions while focusing on the needs of the students. According to Brookfield (1995), educators who provide opportunities to reflect through journaling and interactive engagements are best able to meet the needs of the learners, thus making theory and practice, and the scholarship of teaching and learning, most beneficial for all. The purpose of this study was to determine what, if any, instructional methods impacted pre-service teachers’ perceptions regarding engagement and support. In addition, the impact of the instructor’s teaching practices within the classroom were also investigated. The following research question guided this study: How do students perceive the level of engagement and support fostered within an undergraduate college course as determined by the use of the Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ)? Participants, all of whom were pre-service teachers, were given Brookfield’s Critical Incident Questionnaire (1995) during the course. The initial survey was used to determine their perceptions of the impact of instruction and learning methods. The second administration of the survey was used to ascertain if changes made in instruction based on initial survey results helped to positively impact student engagement and support as perceived by the pre-service teachers.
Chapter 69 – Eicosanoids II

: 5-HETE produces slow contractions of isolated bronchiolar smooth muscle. 15-HPETE is used to synthesize lipoxin A and lipoxin B. LTC4 and LTD4 are potent constrictors of bronchiolar smooth muscle. PGF2a contracts smooth muscle within the reproductive tract, and causes luteolysis. Some PGs relax respiratory smooth muscle, while others cause it to contract. PGs are generally considered to be vasodilators. PGs participate in the induction of fever, and sensitize pain receptors to the algesic effects of other stimuli. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is associated with both positive and negative physiologic effects.
Marital status and suicide as a competing cause of mortality among cancer survivors.

e19113Background: The risk of suicide among cancer survivors more than double that of the general population, highlighting the need to mitigating risk factors for suicide. While several studies hav...
Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Control During Times of Crises and Beyond.

The world is currently suffering through one the greatest crises of the last century. The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is taking an enormous toll on public health and stretching medical resources in an unprecedented fashion. Our priorities are rightly focusing on meeting this existential threat. Nonetheless, we wish to call to attention that during major catastrophes the health consequences of chronic diseases, in particular cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs), continue unabated. In fact, new and serious problems arise part-and-parcel with the catastrophe and conspire to hamper our already imperfect ability to control CMRFs1,2. Our objective is to raise awareness that we need to anticipate (and not just be reactive to) the possible coming of a second crisis we term "disastrous CMRFs". This refers to the worsening of CMRFs and their control rates during and following a major disaster. Health care providers, in particular cardiologists, need to recognize the potential for this serious problem as it could promote a burgeoning of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality if not addressed. The COVID-19 pandemic should also serve as a wake-up call to the antiquated flaws in our healthcare model that collude to undermine the successful management of CMRFs in general. This current crisis can be a catalyst for optimizing practices and creating critical new capacities that will be beneficial moving forward and serve as a bulwark against future crises.
What to Do About Asymptomatic Calculi

When an acute kidney stone event occurs, the decision to intervene is clear. However, when a stone has never yielded symptoms, no clear consensus on management exists. Some guidelines recommend the removal of larger stones, as they are less likely to pass spontaneously. However the question remains as to the risk of that asymptomatic stone ever becoming an issue.
Abstract IA-09: The end of perpetual chemotherapy?

The traditional therapeutic model for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer is perpetual chemotherapy from diagnosis to death. However, subsets of patients who achieve durable responses to cytotoxic chemotherapy may benefit from a switch maintenance approach. Maintenance therapy with the PARP inhibitor olaparib has recently been established for one such subgroup: Patients with germline BRCA mutations. In this talk we will review the available data and the future directions for maintenance therapy including combination treatments and expanding beyond germline BRCA carriers. Citation Format: Kim A Reiss. The end of perpetual chemotherapy? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-09.
Constrained RF Level Interpolation for Normalized Cross Correlation Based Speckle Tracking

Speckle tracking by normalized cross correlation (NCC) requires subsample accuracy for effective strain estimation. Without this, low displacement causes quantized images that result in unusable strain maps. Doppler methods work well on small displacement, however they operate very poorly on large displacement data where they are prone to aliasing. When manually palpating the medium, it is difficult to maintain a constant deformation rate and pressure, resulting in a mixture of large and small displacement data throughout a total data set. This paper presents the Constrained Radio Frequency method (CRF) of speckle tracking. This method uses the correlation gradients at the sample level to constrain the subsample search region such that the RF data can be interpolated to accurately estimate displacement with subsample precision. Simulated and experimental data sets are used to estimate displacement and strain to compare the CRF method to NCC speckle tracking and the Loupas algorithm doppler technique. The CRF is the most accurate method at estimating displacement and generates strain estimates with higher contrast to noise ratios (CNR) compared to the other methods tested.
Aerodynamic and gravity gradient based attitude control for CubeSats in the presence of environmental and spacecraft uncertainties

Abstract In this paper, the problem of controlling the attitude of a CubeSat in low Earth orbit using only the environmental torques is considered. The CubeSat is equipped with a Drag Maneuvering Device (DMD) that enables the spacecraft to modulate its experienced aerodynamic and gravity gradient torques. An adaptive controller is designed to achieve attitude tracking of the spacecraft in the presence of uncertain parameters such as the atmospheric density, drag and lift coefficients, and the time-varying location of the Center of Mass (CoM). The proposed controller also accounts for modeling inaccuracy of the inertia matrix of the spacecraft. A Lyapunov-based analysis is used to prove that the quaternion-based attitude trajectory tracking error is uniformly ultimately bounded. The designed controller is also examined through numerical simulations for a spacecraft with time-varying uncertain drag, lift coefficients and CoM location parameters and the NRLMSISE-00 model for the atmospheric density.
Capacity Theorems for Covert Bosonic Channels

We study quantum-secure covert-communication over lossy thermal-noise bosonic channels, the quantum-mechanical model for many practical channels. We derive the expressions for the covert capacity of these channels: L no-EA , when Alice and Bob share only a classical secret, and L EA , when they benefit from entanglement assistance. Entanglement assistance alters the fundamental scaling law for covert communication. Instead of ${L_{{\text{no - EA}}}}\sqrt n - {r_{{\text{no - EA}}}}\left( n \right)$, ${r_{{\text{no - EA}}}}\left( n \right) = o\left( {\sqrt n } \right)$, entanglement assistance allows ${L_{{\text{EA}}}}\sqrt n \log n - {r_{{\text{EA}}}}\left( n \right)$, ${r_{{\text{EA}}}}\left( n \right) = o\left( {\sqrt n \log n} \right)$, covert bits to be transmitted reliably over n channel uses. However, noise in entanglement storage erases the logn gain from our achievability; work on the matching converse is ongoing.
Opportunistic Multi-Modal User Authentication for Health-Tracking IoT Wearables.

With the advancement of technologies, market wearables are becoming increasingly popular with a range of services, including providing access to bank accounts, accessing cars, monitoring patients remotely, among several others. However, often these wearables collect various sensitive personal information of a user with no to limited authentication, e.g., knowledge-based external authentication techniques, such as PINs. While most of these external authentication techniques suffer from multiple limitations, including recall burden, human errors, or biases, researchers have started using various physiological and behavioral data, such as gait and heart rate, collected by the wearables to authenticate a wearable user implicitly with a limited accuracy due to sensing and computing constraints of wearables. In this work, we explore the usefulness of blood oxygen saturation SpO2 values collected from the Oximeter device to distinguish a user from others. From a cohort of 25 subjects, we find that 92% of the cases SpO2 can distinguish pairs of users. From detailed modeling and performance analysis, we observe that while SpO2 alone can obtain an average accuracy of 0.69 and F1 score of 0.69, the addition of heart rate (HR) can improve the average identification accuracy by 15% and F1 score by 13%. These results show promise in using SpO2 along with other biometrics to develop implicit continuous authentications for wearables.
Substantive Elements of Section 115

This chapter is part of the recently published book, Combating Climate Change with Section 115 of the Clean Air Act (Edward Elgar Publishing). The book comprehensively assesses how Section 115 of the Clean Air Act, entitled “International Air Pollution,” provides the federal government with the authority, procedures, and mechanisms to work with the states to take national climate action. The book grows out of an earlier article, “Legal Pathways to Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions under Section 115 of the Clean Air Act,” which concluded that Section 115 applies to GHG emissions and the prerequisites for invoking Section 115 are satisfied. This book updates that article to reflect all that has happened in the intervening years. The book concludes that although Section 115 is not the only existing authority a U.S. president and EPA administrator can, should, or will rely on to address climate change, it is a powerful tool with clear advantages for the federal government, the states, and the private sector. The chapter posted here describes and analyzes the principal substantive elements set forth in the statutory language of Section 115. The elements addressed include: whether GHGs qualify as “any air pollutant or pollutants”; the elements of and approaches to a foreign endangerment finding; the scope of the requirement that the pollutants emitted in the United States “cause or contribute” to air pollution “which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health and welfare”; and how EPA can determine when state implementation plans under the Clean Air Act may be “inadequate to prevent or eliminate the endangerment.” The analysis concludes that the provisions of Section 115 provide EPA with ample authority to address the problem of global climate change.
Efficacy of the 5 Day CO-Synch Estrous Synchronization Protocol with or without the Inclusion of a Controlled Internal Drug Release Device in Beef Cows

To increase utilization of artificial insemination by beef producers, estrous and ovulation synchronization protocols must be re-evaluated in an attempt to reduce labor, cost, number of handlings, or a combination thereof without negatively impacting pregnancy rates. One potential way to reduce cost in these systems is through the strategic removal of hormones, such as the controlled internal drug release device (CIDR), from the protocol. While this concept has been tested in a 7 day synchronization protocol, it has not been evaluated in the newer 5 day synchronization protocols. The objective of this study was to compare TAI and overall breeding season pregnancy rates in primiparous and multiparous cows synchronized with the 5 d CO-Synch protocol with or without the inclusion of a CIDR. We hypothesized that use of a CIDR would improve timed-artificial insemination (TAI) and overall breeding season pregnancy rates. Results from this study indicate that while overall breeding season pregnancy rates are not impacted by removal of a CIDR in a 5 d CO-Synch protocol (90.3%; P = 0.94), TAI conception rates are improved when a CIDR insert is utilized (62.3 vs. 50.7%; P < 0.001). Based on these data, use of a CIDR in the 5 d CO-Synch program is still recommended to optimize pregnancy success in an AI management system.
KEEPING TRACK OF THE GETTIER PROBLEM

This paper argues that for someone to know proposition p inferen- tially it is not enough that his belief in p and his justification for believing p covary with the truth of p through a sphere of possibilities. A further condition on inferential knowledge is that p's truth-maker is identical with, or causally related to, the state of affairs the justification is grounded in. This position is dubbed 'identificationism.'.
Law, Pollution, and the Management of Social Anxiety

This paper considers the cultural meaning of masturbation and spermatorrhoea (wet dreams). It explores the more than 200-year-long campaign against "self-pollution" by examining the meanings assigned to the practice along a number of dimensions that collectively contribute to society's construction of the Good and the Bad: : purity and pollution, health and harm, self and other, natural and unnatural, beauty and deformity, gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate, order and chaos, good and bad, and true and false. The article identifies several overlapping frameworks that norm entrepreneurs used to stigmatize masturbation: the religious, medical, and sociological models. Each of these models offered a theory for the origin, development, and treatment of the conditions. The paper concludes with some conjectures about the value the campaign against masturbation may have offered in terms of displacing social anxieties, especially for physicians, moral conservatives, and early feminists.
Proteins released from chick embryo fibroblasts in culture. I. Partial characterization of the proteins.

Abstract A study was made of the proteins released from embryonic chick fibroblasts in culture. Incorporation of 14C amino acid into a prealbumin as well as other proteins sharing antigenic determinants with components of chicken serum was demonstrated by means of radioimmunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunodiffusion. The release of labeled prealbumin by cultured cells prelabeled in the embryo suggested that fibroblasts synthesize this component in the embryo as well as in culture. Evidence was obtained indicating that, contrary to earlier reports, cultured fibroblasts do not produce albumin or γM globulin.
Queering “Straight” Preaching

AbstractWell-meaning straight preachers may approach the issue of LGBTQ equality in the church from a standpoint of compassion, but queer theorists such as Lee Edelman have critiqued “compassion-compulsion” as a subconscious selfprojection, requiring that others become just like us. This article presses straight preachers to go further than simply preaching to include “others,” instead challenging such preachers to open themselves and their congregations to the risk of transformation. Drawing from the philosophical hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur, this article suggests that preachers move towards others in a gesture of “recognition” that resembles gratitude, and by such a gesture to receive the risky gifts others have to offer. This gratitude for the gifts of others becomes a motive for engaging in queer theory and queer theology, but this motive also puts us at risk. The risk of preaching that seriously engages the gifts of others includes queering ourselves, allowing ourselves to be scandalized by the risk...
The roles of mass extinction and biotic interaction in large-scale replacements: a reexamination using the fossil record of stromboidean gastropods

The macroevolutionary processes underlying large-scale biotic replacements are still poorly understood. Opinion remains divided regarding the roles of mass extinction, biotic inter- action, and environmental perturbations in these replacement events. Previous attempts to test re- placement hypotheses have largely focused on taxonomic diversity patterns. Taxonomic data alone, however, provide little insight about ecological interactions and hence other approaches are needed to understand mechanics of biotic replacements. Here I propose a conceptual model of replacement based on predation-mediated biotic interactions, and attempt a test using analysis of the Cenozoic replacement of the gastropod family Aporrhaidae by a closely related group, the Strombidae. Taxonomic, morphologic, and geographic data analyzed in this study all suggest a replacement of aporrhaids by strombids following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. While most of the tax- onomic replacement was associated with a mass extinction, some replacement also occurred during background times and was mediated by higher origination rates in strombids rather than by higher extinction rates in aporrhaids. Morphologically, the replacement was largely confined to the portion of the morphospace unaffected by the end-Cretaceous extinction. At a global scale, the geographic overlap between the two groups declined through the Cenozoic, reflecting increasing restriction of aporrhaids to colder, temperate waters while strombids flourished in the tropics. However, at a finer geographic scale a more mosaic pattern of replacement is evident and coincides with Eocene and Oligocene climatic fluctuations. The results of this study suggest that mass extinction, long-term biotic interaction, and environ- mental change can all play significant roles in biotic replacements. Since the relative importance of each factor would vary from one event to another, an understanding of the general nature of large-scale biotic replacements requires a knowledge of the relative intensities of each of these pro- cesses.
Monophase extraskeletal fixation: Principles for use in severe mandibular trauma

Abstract Recommendations for the use of monophase extraskeletai fixation in the management of severely comminuted fractures of the mandible are presented and illustrated to facilitate the use of this appliance under these difficult circumstances.
Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Shewanella sp. HRCR-1 Biofilms: Characterization by Infrared Spectroscopy and Proteomics

The composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from Shewanella sp. HRCR-1 biofilms was investigated using infrared spectroscopy and proteomics to provide insight into potential ecophysiological functions and redox activity of the EPS. Both bound and loosely associated EPS were extracted from Shewanella sp. HRCR-1 biofilms prepared using a hollow-fibre membrane biofilm reactor. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the presence of proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, membrane lipids and fatty acids in the EPS fractions. Using a global proteomic approach, a total of 58 extracellular and outer membrane proteins were identified in the EPS. These included homologues of multiple Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 proteins that potentially contribute to key physiological biofilm processes, such as biofilm-promoting protein BpfA, surface-associated serine protease, nucleotidases (CpdB and UshA), an extracellular lipase, and oligopeptidases (PtrB and a M13 family oligopeptidase lipoprotein). In addition, 20 redox proteins were found in extracted EPS. Among the detected redox proteins were the homologues of two S. oneidensis MR-1 c-type cytochromes, MtrC and OmcA, which have been implicated in extracellular electron transfer. Given their detection in the EPS of Shewanella sp. HRCR-1 biofilms, c-type cytochromes may contribute to the possible redox activity of the biofilm matrix and play important roles in extracellular electron transfer reactions.
Gene Therapy and Cardiovascular Diseases

First page of article Keywords: ABCA1; Adhesion Molecules; Angina Pectoris; Angiogenesis; Angioplasty; Apical Membrane; ApoA1; ApoB100; ApoB48; ApoE; Apolipoproteins; Apoptosis; Atherosclerosis; Basolateral Membrane; Bile Acids; Chemokines; Chylomicron Remnants; Chylomicrons; Cytokines; Familial Hypercholesterolemia; Familial Hypoalphalipoproteinemia; Fatty Streak; Fibrous Cap; Foam Cells; Gallstones; Growth Factors; HDL; Hemorrhage; IDL; Intima; Ischemia; LDL; LDL Receptor; Lipoprotein Lipase; Lipoproteins; Media; Myocardial Infarction; Necrotic Zones; Neovascularization; Restenosis; Scavenger Receptors; Statins; Tangier Disease; Thrombosis; Vasospasm; VLDL
Beyond the Black-White Test Score Gap: Latinos' Early School Experiences and Literacy Outcomes.

Data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey–Birth Cohort are used to analyze the factors that lead to the reading readiness of children who participate in nonparental care the year prior to kindergarten (N = 4,550), with a specific focus on Latino children (N = 800). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis demonstrates that reading scores are significantly influenced by the type of care provided the year prior to kindergarten, the caregiver’s education and beliefs about kindergarten readiness, as well as access to books and a computer in the home. Furthermore, mother’s level of education and marital status are important predictors of reading aptitude.
BCR®-701: A review of 10-years of sequential extraction analyses

Abstract A detailed quantitative analysis was performed on data presented in the literature that focused on the sequential extraction of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) from the certified reference material BCR-701 (lake sediment) using the three-step harmonized BCR® procedure. The accuracy of data reported in the literature, including precision and different measures of trueness, was assessed relative to the certified values for BCR-701. Forty data sets were accepted following extreme outlier removal, and statistically summarized with measures of central tendency, dispersion, and distribution form. In general, literature data were similar in their measurement precision to the expert laboratories used to certify the trace element contents in BCR-701. The overall median precision for literature reported data was 10% (range 6–19%), compared to certifying laboratories of 9% (range 4–33%). One measure of literature data trueness was assessed via a confirmatory approach using a robust bootstrap method. Only 22% of the comparisons indicated significantly different (all were lower) concentrations reported in the literature compared to certified values. The question of whether the differences are practically significant for environmental studies is raised. Bias was computed as a measure of trueness, and literature data were more frequently negatively biased, indicating lower concentrations reported in the literature for the six trace elements for the three-step sequential procedure compared to the certified values. However, 95% confidence intervals about the average bias for the 18 comparisons indicated only four instances when a mean bias of 0 (i.e., measured = certified) was not incorporated—suggesting statistical difference. Finally, Z-scores incorporating a Horwitz-type function were used to assess the general trueness of laboratory data. Of the 468 laboratory Z-score values computed, 92% were considered to be satisfactory, 5% were questionable, and 3% were unsatisfactory. A detailed examination of the methodology sections of the various studies showed that despite claiming adherence to the harmonized BCR sequential extraction protocol, significant deviations were commonly observed; particularly in moisture correction, sample mass, centrifugation specifics, shaking specifics, and incorporation of filtration. It is likely that failure to strictly adhere to the protocol adversely impacted accuracy, by increasing the degree of imprecision and resulting in more discrepant trueness values.
The importance of subclonal genetic events in MDS

In this issue of Blood, Papaemmanuil et al present results from the largest single targeted sequencing effort in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to date both in terms of number of patients studied (738 patients, of which 603 had MDS) and genes sequenced (111 genes).
Estimating the population size of subterranean termites by using a novel diffusion-based method

We developed a population size estimation method to account for the unequal recapture probability of marked animals when their diffusion has not yet to reach the equilibrium in a two-dimensional closed system [S.-H. Lee, N.-Y. Su, Estimating the size of a closed population from a single mark–recapture regime by using a diffusion probability of marked individuals, Appl. Math. Comput. 182 (2006) 403–411]. In the present study, we transformed the method to one-dimensional form and applied it to the quasi one-dimensional artificial colony of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. On the whole, the population estimates were consistent with the known number of termites in the artificial colony. This result strongly supports that our method can be useful tool to estimate the closed population size during the diffusion of marked animals.
Acetate supplementation modulates brain histone acetylation and decreases interleukin-1β expression in a rat model of neuroinflammation

Background Long-term acetate supplementation reduces neuroglial activation and cholinergic cell loss in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. Additionally, a single dose of glyceryl triacetate, used to induce acetate supplementation, increases histone H3 and H4 acetylation and inhibits histone deacetylase activity and histone deacetylase-2 expression in normal rat brain. Here, we propose that the therapeutic effect of acetate in reducing neuroglial activation is due to a reversal of lipopolysaccharide-induced changes in histone acetylation and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.
Origin of lunar meteorite ALHA 81005: Clues from the presence of Terrae clasts and a very low‐titanium mare basalt clast

Attention is given to the endogenous (or primary) lithologies of the lunar crust that can be inferred from the terrae clasts and to the significance of a fragment of very low titanium (VLT) mare basalt in thin section, ALHA 81005,9. Fragments of the norite and harzburgite have mineral compositions similar to that of ferroan anorthosite, and a clast of ferroan anorthosite has pyroxenes with lower molar Mg/(Mg+Fe) than in known pristine rocks. It is inferred that the Mg-suite protoliths for the clasts of intermediate composition are magnesian troctolites, spinel troctolites, and feldspathic lherzolites. Whereas clasts of these lithologies are not present in ALHA 81005,9, mineral fragments from them are. Based on the molar Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratio and Cr content of its pyroxenes, a single basaltic clast is determined to be of mare origin. The composition of its plagioclase and the molar Ti/(Ti+Cr) ratios of its pyroxenes suggest that the clast is a fragment of VLT mare basalt. It is noted that if this basalt is significantly younger than the last basin-forming impact event, which was approximately 3.9 x 10 to the 9th years ago, then its presence probably constrains the source crater for ALHA 81005 to be within a hundred kilometers of a VLT mare basalt flow.
The effects of thermal history and phosphorus level on the crystallization behavior of electroless nickel

On montre que la transition d'amorphe a cristallin est affectee en synergie par la temperature, la cumulation du temps avec la temperature et la teneur en phosphore
Family Change and Time Allocation in American Families

Delayed marriage and childbearing, more births outside marriage, the increase in women’s labor force participation, and the aging of the population have altered family life and created new challenges for those with caregiving demands. U.S. mothers have shed hours of housework but not the hours they devote to childrearing. Fathers have increased the time they spend on childcare. Intensive childrearing practices combine with more dual-earning and single parenting to increase the time demands on parents. Mothers continue to scale back paid work to meet childrearing demands. They also give up leisure time and report that they “are always rushed” and are “multitasking most of the time.” Time-stretched working couples reduce the time they spend with each other. A large percentage of both husbands and wives also report they have “too little time” for themselves. Delayed childbearing and the aging population also increase the likelihood that both (adult) children and elderly parents need support and care from wor...
The microtubule-targeting agent T0070907 induces proteasomal degradation of tubulin

Current microtubule-targeting agents interfere with the regulated assembly of microtubules from alpha/beta tubulin heterodimers but do not markedly alter tubulin levels. Previously, we showed that the compound T0070907 interferes with microtubule function by reversibly decreasing alpha and beta tubulin protein levels by more than 50% in multiple CRC cell lines. Since tubulin levels are generally relatively stable, and cells lack regulatory networks to respond to decreased tubulin levels by increasing synthesis, our result suggested the possibility of cancer therapies that act directly on tubulin homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine whether T0070907 caused tubulin loss by increasing the degradation rate, and determine the proteases responsible for any increased degradation. T0070907 increased tubulin degradation rates in HT-29 cells. The proteasomal inhibitors MG132, epoxomicin, lactacystin, and ALLN suppressed T0070907-mediated tubulin loss, although epoxomicin and lactacystin were less effective than MG132, even at concentrations that completely inhibited TNFalpha-induced IkappaBalpha degradation. Inhibitors of lysosomal, aggresomal, and calpain-mediated degradation, as well as the caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk had no effect on tubulin loss, and the cathepsin and calpain inhibitor E64d was unable to increase epoxomicin's ability to suppress tubulin loss. We conclude that T0070907-induced tubulin degradation proceeds through a proteasome-dependent pathway.
Role of echocardiography in aortic stenosis: Pre- and postoperative studies

Echocardiography has been found useful in the preoperative prediction of the severity of obstruction in patients with aortic stenosis. To assess its role as an index of peak left ventricular systolic pressure in patients with surgically treated left ventricular outflow obstruction, 16 patients were evaluated with both echocardiography and cardiac catheterization after aortic valve surgery. In addition, 19 other patients with aortic stenosis were studied before surgery to review the preoperative use of the current echocardiographic formulas. These formulas provided reliable preoperative prediction of peak left ventricular systolic pressure (r = 0.90, P < 0.001), but postoperative predicted left ventricular systolic pressure derived from either end-systolic or end-diastolic formulas correlated poorly with postoperative peak left ventricular systolic pressure measured at cardiac catheterization. Left ventricular posterior wall dimension remained significantly enlarged as long as 122 months after surgery for left ventricular outflow obstruction and contributed to the postoperative echocardiographic overestimation of peak left ventricular systolic pressure. Left ventricular cavity dimension was not significantly altered postoperatively. These data indicate that currently applied echocardiographic formulas remain of value in the preoperative evaluation of patients with aortic stenosis but are not reliable in the postoperative period. These findings also suggest that the course of regression of myocardial hypertrophy after relief of left ventricular outflow obstruction, as reflected in left ventricular posterior wall dimension, may be less complete in man than it appears to be in animal models.