cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A multi-spectral imaging system for geo-spatial applications

The integration of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in environmental applications has become increasingly common in recent years. Remotely sensed images are an important data source for environmental GIS applications and conversely GIS capabilities are being used to improve image analysis procedures. When image processing and GIS facilities are combined in an integrated system, vector data can be used to assist in image classification and raster image statistics within vectors can be used as criteria for vector query and analysis. Advances in imaging technology and sensors have made airborne remote sensing systems viable for many GIS applications that require reasonably good resolution at low cost. Digital cameras are making their mark on the market by providing high resolution at very high rates. This paper describes an aircraft-mounted imaging system (AMIS) that has been designed, prototyped and has gone through initial tests at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi (A&M-CC) with the support of a grant from NASA.
Measurement of the Branching Ratio for Pion Beta Decay

Positive pions at 175 Mev/c were used to investigate the decay process pi /sup +/ yields pi /sup 0/ + e/sup +/ + nu . The experiment was designed to detect the two pi /sup 0/ gamma rays, the positron, and the positron annihilation radiation. Ten events were identified as the desired process and analyzed. The braching ratio was determined to be 2.0 plus or minus 0.6 x 10/ sup -8/, which is comparable with the prediction of the conserved vector current hypothesis. (H.D.R.)
Biotransformation of volatile anaesthetics with special emphasis on the role of metabolism in the toxicity of anaesthetics.

The metabolism of drugs and other chemicals foreign to the biological system has been studied in great detail in recent years. A major portion of this study has been devoted to the nature of the enzyme system which catalyzes these biotransformations. This enzyme system is located in the membrane of cells distributed throughout the body, with the liver containing the highest amount. The name generally applied to this enzyme system, which is composed of several enzymes, is “the microsomal mixed function oxidase system.” The single most important component of the system is cytochrome P-450, and it is on this cytochrome that the actual transformation of the drug takes place. The volatile anaesthetics are transformed by this enzyme system and, therefore, to understand the way in which these anaesthetics are metabolized, we must understand the operation of the enzyme system.
Cloning of an adenosine Al receptor-encoding gene from rabbit

A partial cDNA encoding the A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR), which lacks nucleotides coding for the first 74 amino acids (aa), was isolated from a rabbit kidney cDNA library. The missing 5' end sequence was obtained from an overlapping rabbit genomic clone which was found to contain the flanking 5' untranslated region (5'UTR), the first exon and part of the first intron. Together, the cDNA and genomic clones provide the entire open reading frame (ORF) encoding rabbit A1AR. The deduced aa sequence is highly homologous to the canine, rat and bovine A1ARs. These data also indicate that the A1AR gene belongs to the family of intron-containing G-protein-linked receptor genes.
Life stress, depression and anxiety: Internal- external control as a moderator variable

Abstract : The present study examined the relationship between indices of life change and measures of depression and anxiety as a function of subjects' locus of control orientation. Based on the assumption that life changes may have their most adverse effect on individuals who perceive themselves as having little control over environmental events it was predicted that significant correlations between life change and depression and anxiety would be found only with subjects external in their locus of control orientation. The results of this investigation were in line with this hypothesis. Further, the findings provide support for conceptualizing life stress primarily in terms of negative life change rather than in terms of change per se. (Author)
Muscle-type aldolase isolated from a liver tumor

Abstract Fructose diphosphate aldolase has been crystallized from a Novikoff ascites hepatoma and its properties compared with those of aldolases of normal rat liver and muscle. The identity of the tumor enzyme with the normal muscle enzyme was established on the basis of amino acid composition and tryptic fingerprints, as well as the sensitivity to inactivation by L -glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
Providing Guidance for Program Evaluations: Sunset Reviews Versus Evaluation Plans

This article reviews two approaches to encouraging program managers to conduct evaluations and to improve the quality of their evaluations. The two approaches are Sunset reviews and evaluation plans. Examples of the application of each approach to energy conservation programs are discussed. The strengths and weaknesses of both approaches are considered and recommendations about how to improve the guidance process are presented. A guidance process that combines the best features of both approaches is needed. The essential problem is to strike the proper balance between universal requirements and specific designs, methods, and procedures that are feasible to implement. Sunset review requirements ensure that some evaluation is conducted by all program managers, but do little to improve the quality of specific evaluation efforts. The evaluation plan approach, in contrast, leads to good resultsfor specific programs, but does little to ensure that comparisons across programs can be made. If generic evaluation p...
Metastasis of primary melanoma to two separate lymph node basins: prognostic significance.

Background and Methods: Depending on the location of the primary lesion, melanoma patients may develop metastases in more than one regional lymph node basin. To determine whether this is prognostically significant, we reviewed our experience with melanoma patients who had undergone regional lymphadenectomy (RLND) in two separate basins. Results: Of 3,603 patients who underwent RLND between April 1971 and January 1993, 406 underwent procedures in two separate basins; of these, 120 (30%) had metastases in both basins and 124 (30%) had metastases in one basin. When calculated from the first positive RLND, 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 82%, 48%, and 33%, respectively, for patients with dual-basin involvement and 88%, 59%, and 48%, respectively, for patients with single-basin involvement (p=0.0173). Median survival from the first positive RLND was 33.5 months for dual-basin involvement and 56.6 months for single-basin involvement. Univariate analysis demonstrated that Breslow thickness of the primary melanoma, clinical status of the regional lymph nodes, number of positive RLNDs, and tumor burden (total number of positive lymph nodes) were significant indicators of survival. The patient's age and gender, the anatomic location and Clark level of the primary melanoma, the disease-free interval before regional metastasis, and the site and timing of RLNDs were not significant by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated significance for Breslow thickness, number of positive RLNDs, and tumor burden. Conclusions: The survival rate of melanoma patients with regional metastases in two lymph node basins is lower than that of patients with an equal tumor burden confined to a single basin. This suggests that primary melanomas metastasizing to more than one lymph node basin may have a higher metastatic potential, or that dual-basin involvement may increase the risk of systemic spread. We advocate lymphatic mapping, sentinel node biopsy, and selective lymphadenectomy as a cost-effective technique with little morbidity to identify and manage occult metastases in patients who have two lymph basins at risk.
Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Tumors in Amenorrheic Women: A Comprehensive Study

DURING the past decade, advances in diagnostic methods have changed the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome from a relative medical curiosity to a well recognized and frequently diagnosed disorder. Before the availability of a radioimmunoassay for prolactin (PRL) and sophisticated radiographic methods, patients with amenorrhea-galactorrhea were characterized by eponymic designations. The spectrum of patients now recognized as having hyperprolactinemia and PRL-secreting tumors includes postpartum amenorrhea-galactorrhea described by Chiari et al. (1) and Frommel (2), spontaneous amenorrhea-galactorrhea described by Argonz and del Castillo (3), and the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome with evidence of a pituitary tumor on conventional skull x-rays described by Forbes et al. (4). The refinement of the transsphenoidal surgical approach to exploration of the sella turcica and the knowledge that amenorrheagalactorrhea and infertility can be reversed by selective surgical excision of a pituitary tumor has created n...
Recovery of the highly acidified Clearwater Lake watershed, Ontario, Canada, simulated with the ILWAS model

Abstract The Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study (ILWAS) model was used to simulate the recovery of the highly acidified Clearwater Lake, Ontario. Recovery started in the mid-1970s and continued through the 1980s in response to an estimated 30–50% decrease in S deposition from smelter emissions in nearby Sudbury, Ontario. Appreciable recovery of Clearwater Lake between the mid-1970s and 1987 is simulated by the ILWAS model, as indicated by a 50% decrease in SO − 4 concentration, an 80% decrease in total Al concentration, an increase in acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) from −60 to −17 μeq/l, and an increase in pH from 4.2 to 4.8. These decreases in acidic constituents are in good agreement with monitoring data. Long-term simulations indicate that deacidification may continue until ∼2020, if S deposition rates remain at or less than the 1987 level. Simulations for years beyond 2020 yield yearly average ANC values of 18–40 μeq/l and pH values of 6.2–6.6, which are comparable to the estimated pre-smelter pH of 6.0–6.5 for Clearwater Lake. The agreement between simulated and monitoring data for the first 10 a of recovery and the simulated long-term recovery of the lake to its presmelter level of acidity lend confidence in the capability of numerical models to simulate the reversibility of watershed acidification and suggest that some highly acidic watersheds may eventually recover, given substantial decreases in acid deposition.
Reinvigorating Multicultural Education through Youth Participatory Action Research.

This article explores youth participatory action research as a promising instructional practice with the potential to reverse the depoliticizing and “softening” of multicultural education. It demonstrates how, with its explicit commitment to action, youth participatory action research can help to improve the educational experiences and outcomes for youth traditionally underserved by schools.
Predictors of Final Histology in Patients With Endometrial Cancer

Objective To assess the usefulness of preoperative tumor grade and intraoperative assessment of gross depth of myometrial invasion as "predictors" of final grade, final depth of myometrial invasion and surgical stage in patients with "low-risk" endometrial cancer. Methods We retrospectively compared preoperative histology and intraoperative gross depth of invasion with final pathologic evaluation on hysterectomy specimens. For patients traditionally considered intraoperatively to be "low-risk" for lymph node metastasis (grade 1 or 2 adenocarcinoma with less than 50% myometrial invasion), "predictors" combining preoperative histology and intraoperative gross depth of myometrial invasion were established; that is, a preoperative biopsy of grade 1 adenocarcinoma with an intraoperative gross depth of myometrial invasion of 30% was assigned the predictor IbG1 (Stage Ib, grade 1). These predictors were then compared to final grade and surgical stage. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value were then calculated. Results A total of 153 patients had both a preoperative biopsy and intraoperative assessment of gross depth of invasion. Twenty-four patients had the IaG1 predictor; eight had stage IaG1 on final pathologic evaluation (sensitivity, 0.50; specificity, 0.88; positive predictive value, 0.33). Eight patients had the IaG2 predictor; none had stage IaG2 on final pathologic evaluation (sensitivity, 0; specificity, 0.95; positive predictive value, 0). Eighty-nine patients had the IbG1 predictor; forty-six had stage IbG1 on final pathologic evaluation (sensitivity, 0.72; specificity, 0.52; positive predictive value, 0.52). Thirty-two patients had the IbG2 predictor; 11 had stage IbG2 on final pathologic evaluation (sensitivity, 0.46; specificity, 0.84; positive predictive value, 0.34). Conclusion A clinically significant number of patients will have more advanced disease than predicted by preoperative or intraoperative prognostic factors. These predictors should not be relied on in the staging of endometrial cancer.
CHIRPED-PULSE FOURIER TRANSFORM MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY: A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR RAPID IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL AGENTS

We have developed a new broadband Chirped-Pulse Fourier Transform Microwave (CP-FTMW) spectrometer that allows the microwave spectrum in the 7.5-18.5 GHz range to be measured in a single data event. This technique produces a pure rotational spectrum that can be used for unambiguous identification of any species having a permanent electric dipole moment. CP-FTMW is a gas phase technique that is ideally suited for the detection of airborne chemical warfare agents (CWA) which must be detected in trace amounts (<10 ppm in air). The high resolution of the technique allows the identification of complex mixtures without the need for a preliminary separation step, such as gas chromatography, which significantly reduces analysis time. The technique is “blind” to major atmospheric components (N2, O2, CO2, H2O) as they either do not posses a permanent dipole moment or do not absorb in the range of the spectrometer, thereby eliminating large background signals. In this paper we will present preliminary results that are focused on early detection of airborne CWA, including acquisition time, sensitivity limits, and sample handling requirements for several of these species.
P-cadherin potentiates ligand-dependent EGFR and IGF-1R signaling in dysplastic and malignant oral keratinocytes

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer together constitute the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with over 400,000 new cases diagnosed each year. Early detection is paramount, as the 5-year survival rate for these cancers decreases markedly once tumors have become regionally invasive. In many tissues, including oral epithelia, neoplastic progression is accompanied by alterations in expression of the epithelial cell adhesion molecules E-cadherin and P-cadherin. Oral epithelia is one of only a few tissues in which P-cadherin levels have been noted to increase in dysplasia and well-differentiated carcinomas and decrease in advanced malignancies. In the present study, P-cadherin was overexpressed in both dysplastic and malignant oral keratinocytes to characterize the mechanisms by which aberrantly expressed P-cadherin may modulate tumor progression. We found that P-cadherin was able to potentiate ligand-dependent signaling of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in malignant keratinocytes and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in dysplastic cells. P-cadherin prolonged activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in both cell lines and also increased the magnitude of AKT phosphorylation in dysplastic cells. P-cadherin overexpression alone was sufficient to increase steady-state levels of the mesenchymal transcription factor Snail, increase cell motility and also induce morphological changes in dysplastic keratinocytes. Taken together, these data suggest that the aberrantly elevated levels of P-cadherin which occur in early oral tumor development may play a critical role in the augmentation of neoplastic signaling networks and in the further acquisition of aggressive phenotypes.
Stabilization Characteristics of Clays Using Class C Fly Ash

Coal-burning utilities using subbituminous coal from Wyoming typically produce fly ash, which, because of its high calcium oxide content, may be classified as Class C fly ash. These ashes are characterized by their self-cementing property and therefore can be used for soil improvement. Stabilization characteristics of clay soils blended with Class C fly ash were evaluated. Because fly ash is a by-product, uniformity of its physical and chemical properties is significant for quality control. The statistical characteristics of fly ash physical and chemical properties are obtained and compared with the data in literature. Fly ash is blended with several different clay soils of varying plasticity to study moisture-density relationships and strength behavior of stabilized soils. It is observed that the fly ash used in these experiments has a rapid hydration characteristic. Consequently, higher densities and strengths are achieved when the compaction is performed with little or no delay after the addition of moisture to clay-fly ash blends. Conversely, delayed compaction produces low densities and strength. In addition, it is observed that the stabilization characteristics are closely related to the soil mineral type and plasticity. Results also are presented for strength gain behavior with curing period for the various soil-fly ash blends.
A conception‐based approach to automatic subject term assignment for scientific journal articles

This study proposes a conception-based approach to automatic subject term assignment when using Text Classification (TC) techniques. From the perspective of conceptual and theoretical views of subject indexing, this study identifies three conception-based approaches, Domain-Oriented, Document-Oriented, and Content-Oriented, in conjunction with eight semantic sources in typical scientific journal articles. Based on the identification of semantic sources and conception-based approaches, the experiment explores the significance of individual semantic sources and conception-based approaches for the effectiveness of subject term assignment. The results of the experiment demonstrate that some semantic sources and conception-based approaches are better performers than the full text-based approach which has been dominant in TC fields. In fact, this study indicates that subject terms are better assigned by TC techniques when the indexing conceptions are considered in conjunction with semantic sources.
Homeless adolescents: common clinical concerns.

Homeless youth are at alarmingly high risk for a myriad of physical and psychological problems as a result of both the circumstances that prededed their homelessness, and as a direct consequence of life on the streets. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), pregnancy, trauma, tuberculosis, uncontrolled asthma, and dermatologic infestations are a few of the health problems with which these youth commonly present. These somatic problems are compounded by high rates of drug and alcohol abuse as well as depression and suicide. Despite the obvious need for medical services, homeless youth often do not receive appropriate medical care due to numerous individual and systems barriers impeding health care access by this population. In addition to the barriers experienced by the adult homeless population, homeless adolescents confront further hurdles stemming from their age and developmental stage. Some of these impediments include a lack of knowledge of clinic sites, fear of not being taken seriously, concerns about confidentiality, and fears of police or social services involvement. Improved access to appropriate health care is necessary if we are to better support and care for this population of young people. To effectively manage and treat homeless youth, individual providers must be aware of the diagnoses associated with homelessness, as well as the community resources available to these youth. Finally, providers need to be the voices advocating for improved services for this disadvantaged and silent population.
Comprehensive pressure-sinkage model for small-wheeled unmanned ground vehicles on dilative, deformable terrain

This paper details a novel pressure-sinkage model for small-diameter, rigid wheels on dilative soils. Pressure-sinkage models are fundamental to the prediction of UGV mobility on deformable terrains. The proposed model builds on previous work in which the flat-plate pressure-sinkage assumption of classical terramechanics was shown to yield diminished accuracy for UGVs with wheels less than 50 cm in diameter. It has been shown that classical pressure-sinkage models can be modified by a diameter dependent term, yielding greatly increased accuracy. Here, an investigation into the effect of wheel width on the diameter-dependent model is detailed. Results from over 250 pressure-sinkage tests on three soils using 85 wheel geometries are summarized. The results of this investigation are used to create a comprehensive pressure-sinkage model for dilative soils that includes wheel width and diameter parameters. The physics of the model are visually validated with X-ray images of sub-surface soil deformation during the wheel indentation process. A comparison between the dilative soil pressure-sinkage model and a previously obtained model for compactive soils is also presented. The pressure-sinkage model presented here can be used to improve the accuracy of the terramechanics framework and UGV mobility predictions.
Host Immunoglobulin G and Complement Deposits in the Choroid Plexus during Spontaneous Immune Complex Disease

Hybrid (NZB x W)F(1) mice spontaneously develop antibodies to nuclear antigens (ANA) and DNA (ADNA) and are an animal model of human systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunofluorescent and electron microscopic observations of the choroid plexus and renal glomeruli of (NZB x W)F(1) mice reveal deposits of host immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the third complement component which appear shortly after the development of ANA and ADNA in the circulation. Additionally, enhancement of ADNA responses accelerates the appearance and severity of IgG deposits in the choroid plexus. The choroid plexus may be a favored site for the deposition of immune complexes and the neuropsychiatric findings in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and some patients with acute or chronic infections may be related in part to immune complex disease of the choroid plexus.
Hydrogenation of aromatic compounds catalyzed by sulfided CoOMoO3γ-Al2O3

Abstract Hydrogenation of aromatic compounds catalyzed by sulfided CoOMoO 3 γ- Al 2 O 3 was investigated with batch and flow reactors at 275–350 °C and pressures near 100 atm. The reactants included benzene, biphenyl, dibenzothiophene, naphthalene, 2-phenylnaphthalene, and benzo-[ b ]naphtho[2,3- d ]thiophene. The reactivity for ring saturation was about an order of magnitude greater for the latter three [(substituted) naphthalenes] than for the others [(substituted) benzenes]. Sulfur in a reactant molecule slightly increased the reactivity of a neighboring ring for hydrogenation. Dibenzothiophene hydrogenation was not inhibited by H 2 S, but biphenyl hydrogenation was moderately inhibited by H 2 S and dibenzothiophene hydrogenolysis was strongly inhibited by H 2 S. These and other results suggest that the reactant to be hydrogenated is π-bonded at exposed Mo cations, where H 2 S undergoes weak competitive adsorption and bases like acridine undergo strong competitive adsorption.
Scale without conformal invariance: An example

Abstract We give an explicit example of a model in D = 4 − ϵ space–time dimensions that is scale but not conformally invariant, is unitary, and has finite correlators. The invariance is associated with a limit cycle renormalization group (RG) trajectory. We also prove, to second order in the loop expansion, in D = 4 − ϵ , that scale implies conformal invariance for models of any number of real scalars. For models with one real scalar and any number of Weyl spinors we show that scale implies conformal invariance to all orders in perturbation theory.
A Precarious Passage: Aging Out of the Child-Only Case Load

Child-only cases,” minors who receive welfare benefits as individuals, lose their eligibility at age 18 but face the same challenges to self-sufficiency as other “emerging adults.” This study examines how 59 youth in 4 New York State communities thought about and prepared for the termination of their benefits. In 8 focus groups and 12 follow-up interviews they spoke of their aspirations for education, employment, relationships with people, and material possessions. The external supports they can rely upon appear to be inadequate to overcome their limited financial resources and other external obstacles they also identified. Recommendations are intended to strengthen community supports for these youth and others in poverty, which in turn could increase access to social capital and financial aid, as they undertake their precarious passage to adulthood.
Immunosuppression in Chickens by Passive Transfer of Preparations of Specific Immunoglobulins

Abstract The immunosuppresive effects of passive transfers of specific immunoglobulin preparations obtained from immune or hyperimmune sera were evaluated in chickens which were challenged with sheep red blood cells. The data indicate that IgY, fractionated from immune sera, and IgY and IgM, fractionated from hyperimmune sera, when passively administered at the doses employed in this study resulted in antibody-mediated suppression.
Personal and familial correlates of bipolar (BP)-I disorder in children with a diagnosis of BP-I disorder with a positive child behavior checklist (CBCL)-severe dysregulation profile: A controlled study

Abstract Background Although the DSM-IV provides explicit criteria for the diagnosis of BP-I disorder, this is a complex diagnosis that requires high levels of clinical expertise. Previous work shows children with a unique profile of the CBCL of high scores (2SD) on the attention problems (AP), aggressive behavior (AGG), and anxious-depressed (AD) (A–A–A) subscales are more likely than other children to meet criteria for BP-I disorder in both epidemiological and clinical samples. However, since not all BP-I disorder children have a positive profile questions remain as to its informativeness, particularly in the absence of an expert diagnostician. Methods Analyses were conducted comparing personal and familial correlates of BP-I disorder in 140 youth with a structured interview and an expert clinician based DSM-IV diagnosis of BP-I disorder with ( N =80) and without ( N =60) a positive CBCL- Severe Dysregulation profile, and 129 controls of similar age and sex without ADHD or a mood disorder. Subjects were comprehensively assessed with structured diagnostic interviews and wide range of functional measures. We defined the CBCL-severe dysregulation profile as an aggregate cut-off score of ≥210 on the A–A–A scales. Results BP-I probands with and without a positive CBCL-severe dysregulation profile significantly differed from Controls in patterns of psychiatric comorbidity, psychosocial and psychoeducational dysfunction, and cognitive deficits, as well as in their risk for BP-I disorder in first degree relatives. Limitations Because the sample was referred and largely Caucasian, findings may not generalize to community samples and other ethnic groups. Conclusion A positive CBCL-severe dysregulation profile identifies a severe subgroup of BP-I disorder youth.
Response of NSTX Liquid Lithium divertor to High Heat Loads

Samples of the NSTX Liquid Lithium Divertor (LLD) with and without an evaporative Li coating were directly exposed to a neutral beam ex-situ at a power of ~1.5 MW/m2 for 1-3 seconds. Measurements of front face and bulk sample temperature were obtained. Predictions of temperature evolution were derived from a 1D heat flux model. No macroscopic damage occurred when the "bare" sample was exposed to the beam but microscopic changes to the surface were observed. The Li-coated sample developed a lithium hydroxide (LiOH) coating, which did not change even when the front face temperature exceeded the pure Li melting point. These results are consistent with the lack of damage to the LLD surface and imply that heating alone may not expose pure liquid Li if the melting point of surface impurities is not exceeded. This suggests that flow and heat are needed for future PFCs requiring a liquid Li surface. __________________________________________________
Characterization of the estrogenic response to genistein in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Abstract This study was designed to determine the estrogenic effect of the phytoestrogen genistein on several measures of endocrine function in adult Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes ) relative to 17-β-estradiol. Adult animals of both sexes were exposed to 75, 750 and 30 000 ng/fish (average fish weight equals 0.26 g) of genistein by i.p. injection, with a positive control group treated with 300 ng/fish of 17-β-estradiol, while a negative control group received a vehicle-only (corn oil) injection. Content of vitellogenin, the yolk glycoprotein made in the liver in response to estradiol stimulation, was measured using Western blots. Circulating estradiol and testosterone levels were measured using a steroid-enzyme immunosorbant assay. The ability of ovaries and testes to synthesize and release estradiol and testosterone was determined by ex vivo incubation of gonads with 25-hydroxycholesterol. Vitellogenin, while induced by 17-β-estradiol, was not increased in the liver of individuals treated with genistein. In females, genistein treatment at 750 and 30 000 ng increased the estradiol production of ovaries more than the 17-β-estradiol treatment. In males, genistein treatment resulted in decreased testosterone production from ex vivo testis and a comparable reduction in circulating testosterone level. The changes in vitellogenin, circulating steroids and ex vivo steroidogenesis in medaka in response to genistein are similar to that of 17-β-estradiol. However, some endpoints are more sensitive to estradiol treatment (vitellogenin), while others are more sensitive to genistein (male testosterone and ovarian estrogenesis).
Structure of aklavinone, a DNA binding anthracycline antibiotic.

L'aklavinone est transformee en aclarubicine par des souches mutantes de streptomyces galilaeus
Motion-based detection by 14-week-old infants.

Abstract Three experiments using standing wave stimuli with 14-week-old human infants are reported. Two competing hypotheses regarding the detection of these standing wave Une stimuli were tested in these studies. Amplitude-based (positional) detection was contrasted with speed-based (motion) detection. Temporal oscillation frequencies of 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 and 1.20 Hz were used. The detectability of a standing wave of fixed amplitude was influenced significantly by the temporal frequency of the oscillation. By inference, the results of the three experiments supported the motion-based detection hypothesis.
Direct Cardiac Reprogramming From Developmental Biology to Cardiac Regeneration

Heart disease affects millions worldwide and is a progressive condition involving loss of cardiomyocytes. The human heart has limited endogenous regenerative capacity and is thus an important target for novel regenerative medicine approaches. Although cell-based regenerative therapies hold promise, cellular reprogramming of endogenous cardiac fibroblasts, which represent more than half of the cells in the mammalian heart, may be an attractive alternative strategy for regenerating cardiac muscle. Recent advances leveraging years of developmental biology point to the feasibility of generating de novo cardiomyocyte-like cells from terminally differentiated nonmyocytes in the heart in situ after ischemic damage. Here, we review the progress in cardiac reprogramming methods and consider the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead in refining this technology for regenerative medicine.
Primary malignant melanoma of the cervix and review of the literature

Primary malignant melanoma of the cervix was diagnosed in a patient presenting with postmenopausal bleeding. A cervical lesion was biopsied, and diagnosis was established by electron microscopy and staining procedures. After failing radiotherapy, the patient was treated with simple hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The cytology, histology, and electron microscopy of this lesion are presented in addition to a clinical discussion.
Diffusion elastic measurements of hydrogen diffusion in nickel

Abstract The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in nickel has been determined at room temperature using a combination of electrochemical charging and measurements of the diffusion-elastic phenomenon. This technique has the advantage of allowing a determination of the dilitation of nickel due to interstitially diffusing hydrogen in addition to a determination of the diffusion coefficient in metals where diffusion coefficients are low. The results obtained indicate that reasonable diffusion coefficients can be easily measured and, in the absence of hydride formation, lattice dilitation was in the range of 10 −4 /at.% hydrogen.
Magnetohydrodynamic simulation of non–flux rope coronal mass ejections

[1] Observations at 1 AU indicate that only 1/3 of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have a flux rope structure, while the other 2/3 of CMEs have a complex disordered magnetic field. The initiation of the flux rope CMEs has been extensively simulated with various magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. However, the initiation of the non–flux rope CMEs is rarely done in numerical modeling. In this paper, we numerically simulate the physical origin and characteristics of the non–flux rope CMEs by using a three-dimensional, axisymmetric, time-dependent, self-consistent MHD model. The results show that the emergence of a counterclockwise flux rope from the lower coronal boundary at the open magnetic field region, near the closed magnetic field lines, can initiate a magnetic configuration, which causes the magnetic reconnection at the coronal base. Physically, the magnetic field of the emerged counterclockwise flux rope has antipolarity with the background open field, and the location of the magnetic flux emergence is at the edge of a coronal hole. This magnetic reconnection between closed and open field lines at the coronal base generates an Alfvenic jet-like plasma outflow. It could further develop into a non–flux rope CME if enough magnetic energy is deposited. Solar energetic particle (SEP) events in association with the non–flux rope CMEs are usually impulsive because the magnetic topology obtained from this simulation of non–flux rope CMEs corresponds to that proposed by Reames (2002) to lead impulsive SEP events.
Registration And Comparison Of Electronic Images Obtained At Different Times For Aging Studies Of The U.S. Constitution

In February 1987, after $3 million and five years of development by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Perkin-Elmer Company, the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration installed a charge coupled device (CCD) camera and image processing system to monitor the physical condition of the U.S. Constitution. The system, called the "Charters Monitoring System," is capable of comparing the pattern of one image with another to facilitate the detection of any changes that may be occurring on the document. To assure that the difference between images are not due to variations in illumination, CCD response, or position of the camera, the Charters Monitoring System must precisely control illumination, (including its intensity, alignment, and stability), CCD (including temperature, dark current, charge transfer control, gain correction, and integration time), camera focus, resolution, registration, and consistent analog to digital conversion. The system offers examples of precision and accuracy problems in electronic imaging and the importance of repeatable image capture relative to quality control of electronically produced images.
Sexual selection and the energetics of copulatory courtship in the Sierra dome spider, Linyphia litigiosa

Abstract Abstract. Mating in the Sierra dome spider, Linyphia litigiosa (Linyphiidae) begins with 2-6 h of aspermic copulatory courtship, termed pre-insemination phase copulation. Male intromission rate, that is, the speed of repeated genitalic insertions, withdrawals and re-insertions, and body mass are related to fertilization success via cryptic female choice (i.e. female preferences are expressed in their sperm use patterns; Watson 1991b, Anim. Behav. , 41, 343-360). Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) respirometry indicated that pre-insemination phase copulation is energetically demanding. Male intromission rate and body mass (which are uncorrelated traits) each were positively associated with different subsets of six complementary measures of metabolic competence made during copulatory courtship; (1) efficiency; (2, 3) maximum metabolic rate and scope; (4, 5) rate and linearity of metabolic increase; (6) the consistency of metabolic output during sustained courtship. Composite ranks of males based on the six metabolic and the two overt phenotypic measures of quality were positively correlated. Body mass and intromission rate also were associated with two aspects of male fighting ability, strength and aggressiveness (i.e. willingness to escalate when at a modest size disadvantage), respectively. Fighting is important for defence of webs, prey and mates. Thus metabolic competence, a fundamental and possibly heritable component of viability, is favoured by sexual selection; this may help to yield offspring that fare better under both natural and sexual selection.
The backscattering from two identical circular loops

A study on the backscattering from two identical perfectly conducting thin circular loops illuminated by a plane electromagnetic wave with vertical polarization at normal incidence is presented. The theory is developed based on differential equations for the loop current rather than on an integral equation method. The induced current on the loops and the backscattering cross sections of the loops are determined, and comparisons are made between the calculated and measured values of the echo area. The experimental results are in good agreement with theory.
A mediational model of power, affiliation and achievement motives and product involvement

A model based on McClelland's theory of human motivation was proposed in which motive incentives mediated the relationship between motive level (n Power, n Affiliation and n Achievement) and product involvement. This hypothesis was tested with 142 college students. Results indicate that power motive incentives successfully mediated the relationship between power motive level and product involvement for the expensive car and interview clothing conditions. Affiliation motive incentives mediated the relationship between affiliation motive level and involvement for greeting cards but not gifts. The two achievement products (scientific calculator and computer manual) failed to meet most of the criteria for mediation.
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder and Restless Legs Syndrome in Children With Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Sleep disruption can lead to symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Since periodic limb movement disorder and/or restless legs syndrome can cause sleep disruption, we assessed whether these two specific sleep disorders are likely to occur in children with ADHD. We asked a series of 69 consecutive parents of children with ADHD questions about the symptoms of periodic limb movement disorder. Based on a positive response to these periodic limb movement disorder queries, 27 children underwent all-night polysomnography. Eighteen children (aged 2 to 15 years) of the 27 (26% of the 69 children with ADHD) had 5 or more periodic leg movements in sleep per hour of sleep and had complaints of sleep disruption, thus fulfilling the criteria for periodic limb movement disorder. A comparably age- and sex-matched group of children referred to a sleep laboratory for sleep complaints but without ADHD showed only a 5% prevalence (2 of 38 subjects) of periodic leg movements in sleep (P=.017). Eight of the 18 children with ADHD and periodic limb movement disorder and one of the two control patients with periodic limb movement disorder had both a personal and parental history of restless legs syndrome symptomatology. This study further documents the occurrence of periodic limb movement disorder and restless legs syndrome in children and is the first large-scale study establishing a possible comorbidity between ADHD and periodic limb movement disorder. We propose that the sleep disruption associated with periodic limb movement disorder and restless legs syndrome and the motor restlessness of restless legs syndrome while awake could contribute to the inattention and hyperactivity seen in a subgroup of ADHD-diagnosed children.
Ultrasound-Guided Compression Repair of Catheter-Related Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysms is Impaired by Anticoagulation

Ultrasound-guided compression repair (UGCR) of catheter-related femoral artery pseudo aneurysms (CFAP) was retrospectively reviewed. Variables including etiology, size, location, age of pseudoaneurysm, depth and length of neck, coagulation status, number of attempts at compression, and total time of compression were studied. Five of 15 pseudoaneurysms were successfully occluded by use of UGCR. Reasons for failure included compression without occlusion (7), inability to arrest flow in the pseudoaneu rysm during compression (2), and inability of the patient to tolerate compression (1). Two patients who had pseudoaneurysms that we were unable to occlude on initial compression thrombosed their pseudoaneurysms spontaneously on follow-up examina tion. No patient (0/9) who was anticoagulated at the time of compression had a successful occlusion. All five patients with a normal coagulation profile at the time of compression were successfully occluded. One of these pseudoaneurysms recurred, however, after heparin ...
INFRA-NUCLEAR DISTRIBUTION OF TRANSAMINASES.

IT has previously been shown1 that isolated calf thymus nuclei prepared by the sucrose-CaCl2 procedure2 contain a free amino-acid pool. Of the free amino-acids, glutamic acid represents about 40 per cent. The presence of such a relatively large amount of glutamic acid suggests its rapid synthesis, or its formation by metabolic conversion from other substances, such as those resulting from trans-aminase-catalysed reactions. The intracellular distribution of transaminase activity has been extensively investigated, particularly in rat liver3–6, and most of the enzymatic activity has been found in the mitochondrial fraction. Little is yet known, however, about the intranuclear distribution of transaminases. Techniques for separating nuclear proteins into various morphologically-defined fractions made possible the present investigation, undertaken to assay the calf thymus cells for two transaminase activities. It will be shown that the cell nucleus contains significant transaminase activities, mostly localized in the nuclear sap, resolvable by chromatography.
Chemisorption-induced Pt 4f surface core level shifts

Abstract Soft X-ray photoemission experiments have led to the unambiguous observation of a metal surface core level ( Pt 4 f 7 2 ) shift, due to an adsorbate (CO), to a binding energy larger than the bulk binding energy. The 4 f 7 2 clean (110) surface component, with a binding energy 0.35 ± 0.02 eV lower than the bulk, is shifted by 1.06 ± 0.04 eV towards higher binding energy upon CO chemisorption. The lack of significant changes in the bulk component indicates the localized nature of the CO-Pt surface bonding.
SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF FIBROBLASTS IN VITRO

When multiplying actively in serum, fibroblasts are in a condition of survival, not of cultivation, for they do not synthetize protoplasm from substances contained in the medium. They are able to utilize only the nitrogenous material stored in the tissue itself. The distinction between survival of tissue and active growth is an important one. Innumerable errors in the interpretation of the experimental results have been made during the past years on account of this lack. An active proliferation of fibroblasts taking place during several days in a medium containing a given substance does not mean that this substance is used by the cells, but indicates only that residual cell proliferation is unopposed by a toxic substance. It is not possible to ascertain whether a medium is nutrient or not in the sense that it supports growth unless the mass of the tissues is shown to increase. When the proliferating fragment can be halved again and again, and each half reaches the size of the original whole in 48 hours, it is evident that new protoplasm must have been synthetized from the medium. The experiments described above show that egg white, egg yolk, pure egg albumin, egg white mixed with egg yolk, and bouillon are not utilized by fibroblasts for multiplication. This fact renders more plausible the hypothesis advanced previously that for proliferation the fibroblasts require some nitrogenous substances elaborated by other cells, which are present in embryonic tissue juices. It may be concluded that, under the conditions of the experiments: 1. The duration of life of pure cultures of fibroblasts in a nitrogen-free medium is about 8 days. 2. Egg white and egg yolk, isolated or together, slightly increase the activity of the fibroblasts, but this effect is temporary and the tissues ultimately die. Pure egg albumin and bouillon are not utilizable by fibroblasts for multiplication.
Classes of service for daisy chain interconnects

We describe qHTFair, a switch scheduler that supports classes of service for networks on chips. The scheduler extends the HTFair scheduler, which is an improved version of the HyperTransport scheduling protocol. qHTFair is intended for on-chip interconnects with a daisy chain topology. With our extension, the interconnect can be divided into several classes or channels, each with its own bandwidth allocation. Bandwidth allocations are defined as ratios of channel bandwidths. Ratios can have arbitrary values and be set up dynamically.
Fiddler crab deposit-feeding and meiofaunal abundance in salt marsh habitats

Abstract The mud fiddler crab Uca pugnax (Smith) is one of the most abundant macroinvertebrates in salt marshes on the east coast of North America. The effect of U. pugnax deposit-feeding on the abundance of meiofauna in the tall-form Spartina altemiflora (Loisel.) zone of a sheltered New England salt marsh was examined. Total removal of Uca pugnax from experimental enclosures resulted in a 10-fold increase in the abundance of nematodes and meiofaunal crustaceans and a four-fold increase in the abundance of segmented worms in comparison to experimental enclosures with U. pugnax at natural densities. U. pugnax deposit-feeding activity is also shown to oxygenate marsh sediments, but not to have a marked effect on the particle size distribution or nutrient content of marsh sediments. These results suggest that fiddler crab deposit-feeding plays an important role in regulating the abundance and distribution of meiofauna in salt marsh sediments, which far exceeds previously demonstrated effects of natant predators or burrow structures on meiofaunal abundance. Fiddler crab regulation of meiofaunal abundance may be a critical process in dictating the distribution of meiofauna in salt marsh habitats that may secondarily influence sediment decompositional processes which are directly mediated by the meiofauna.