cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Formation of 5-membered metallacycles at iPrPCPIr by C–H, O–H, and C–CO bond cleavage

Abstract Cyclometalation of the 16 electron iPrPCPIr fragment (iPrPCP = κ3-2,6-C6H3(CH2P(iPr)2)2) by biphenyl, phenanthrene, fluorenone, benzophenone, and 1-naphthol is reported. Biphenyl and phenanthrene are found to undergo facile double C–H activation to form complexes (iPrPCP)Ir(κ2-2,2′-C12H8) (1) and (iPrPCP)Ir(κ2-2,2′-C14H8) (2) which are readily converted to their octahedral CO adducts 1-CO and 2-CO, respectively, by exposure to 1 atm of carbon monoxide. Complex 1-CO is also formed through the decarbonylation of fluorenone by iPrPCPIr. Reaction of iPrPCPIr with benzophenone leads to C–H activation and oxygen coordination yielding the trans-(C,H) addition species (iPrPCP)Ir(H)(κ-O,C–OC13H9) (3a) as the kinetic product. Heating of 3a induces isomerization to the trans-(O,H) orientation product 3b. Reaction of iPrPCPIr with 1-naphthol at room temperature provides the O–H addition product (iPrPCP)Ir(H)(OC10H7) (4). Heating of 4 effects cyclometalation of 1-naphthol, to form (iPrPCP)Ir(κ-O,C–OC10H6) (5) by subsequent C–H activation.
Participatory Design Methods for Commander's Predictive Environment

To ensure systems provide relevant capability, effort needs to be expended in understanding requirements, designing the appropriate solution, developing the capability and implementing for acceptance. Participatory Design (PD) has a goal of engaging researchers, designers, developers, practitioners and end-users in all of the various activities leading to the successful development and implementation of systems. PD is an umbrella methodology which includes studies, theories, conferences and practices (Muller and Kuhn, 1993; Kensing and Blomberg, 1998; Madsen, 1999). This paper will discuss two methods designed to engage end user in system development which are being used in an AFRL program. The first is Value Elicitation and the second is a Structured Workshop. These sessions, which will re-occur during development, provide an opportunity for all stakeholders to submit and discuss their system requirements. Both add to the PD collection of techniques providing a way to engage the stakeholders from beginni...
Formation and coalescence properties of microbubbles : scientific note

Fermentations that involve a gaseous substrate are inherently rate-limited by mass transfer from the gaseous to the liquid phase. Aerobic and synthesis-gas fermentations are primary examples of such mass-transfer-limited fermentations. The traditional approach to enhance gas-to-liquid mass transfer is to increase the impeller rate, thereby increasing the interfacial area available for mass transfer. However, this approach results in a dramatic increase in power consumption, especially for large-scale systems, because power consumption is proportional to the impeller rate to the third power and the impeller diameter to the fifth power. Microbubble dispersions offer an alternative, providing high interfacial area with the potential for low power input. In aerobic fermentations with yeast, the transport of oxygen from a gas to a liquid, reported in terms of k{sub 1}a, was found to be greater by an order of magnitude using microbubble sparging oven conventional air sparging. Microbubbles are surfactant-stabilized, spherical bubbles with diameters on the order of 100 {mu}m. By comparison, gas bubbles found in conventional sparging units range from 3-5 mm. The surfactant layer surrounding the microbubble generates a diffuse electric double layer that acts to repel other bubbles and prevent coalescence. A microbubble dispersion exhibits colloidal properties and is stable enoughmore » to be pumped. This article examines the effects of surfactant type and concentration on microbubble formation, drainage, and stability. Effects of salts on microbubbles dispersions are examined as well. This information is needed to evaluate the utility of microbubble dispersions for biotechnological applications.« less
Fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice in a 43-year-old woman

On the basis of the clinical picture and laboratory data, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Education for Marketing in the 1970s

What is the future of marketing education in the 1970s? The answers given here are important both for teachers and practitioners of marketing.This article is based on an address given at the annual...
The Honorable Spymaster: John Le Carre & the Characters of Espionage

This article uses the character of George Smiley and the novels of John LeCarre to explore the moral tensions and moral attrition that occurs when individuals are asked to live lives of moral contradiction in public service. The novels exemplify the moral, psychological and institutional pressures on individuals whose official responsibilities require them to violate the norms of liberal democracy. The paper focuses upon three models of character that inhabit this world: absolutists — bureaucratic careerists — humanists or George Smiley, Le Carre’s protagonist. The play of characters illuminates the different moral and character qualities of loyalty and judgment that can sustain or break under the corrosive impact of espionage and similar activates in liberal democracy.
A perspective of neurology in Iberoamerica as seen from the United States

Introduction Neurology in Iberoamerica is out-of-date as compared to that of North America and Europe. There is little basic scientific or clinical research and the academic institutions are weak. Specialists in neurology take little part in academic activities as a result of lack of institutional support and little corporate spirit. Development and conclusions In this article we recommend the establishment of Institutes of Neurology to foment work as a team and the creation of a Panamerican Academy of Neurology to bridge gaps between Panamerican congresses. The Academy would also stimulate the development of neurology in Iberoamerica in the aspects of investigation, teaching and clinical services.
Experimental autoimmune demyelinating diseases: experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and experimental allergic neuritis.

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) are reproducible models of auto-allergic demyelinating diseases of central and peripheral neurons tissue respectively. EAE bears a close resemblance to naturally-occuring post-infectious encephalomyelitis and EAN to Laundry-Guillain-Barre polyneuritis, in humans. In the experimental models the antigen responsible for disease induction is a different myelin basic protein in each disease. Although a variety of humoral antibodies to various neural fractions are found in both disorders, it has been shown that disease results from cell-mediated immune reactions to specific myelin antigens.
Putting Parity into Practice - Integrating Opioid-Use Disorder Treatment into the Hospital Setting.

U.S. hospitalizations for severe infections associated with illicit opioid use have doubled over the past decade and are often prolonged and resource-intensive, but medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder can be integrated into hospital care.
Inhibition of angiogenesis: treatment options for patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most frequentlydiagnosed malignancy and the second mostcommon cause of cancer-related death in menin the United States. Unfortunately, atthe current time, no curative treatmentsare available for metastatic prostatecancer. As is the case for most solidtumors, the recruitment of blood vessels(angiogenesis) is key for the progressionand metastasis of prostate cancer. Inhibition of this process is an attractiveapproach to treatment. Many antiangiogenicagents are currently in clinicaldevelopment. The following discussion willoutline the importance of angiogenesis inthe metastasis and progression of prostatecancer, summarize the current surrogatemarkers of angiogenesis available for thedrug development of antiangiogenic agents,and review examples of investigationalagents that target tumor angiogenesis(e.g., TNP-470, Thalidomide, CC5013,Carboxyamido-triazole (CAI), Endostatin,SU5416 , SU6668, Bevacizumab (Anti-VEGFrhuMAb), and 2-Methoxyestradiol).
Docking into Mycobacterium tuberculosis Thioredoxin Reductase Protein Yields Pyrazolone Lead Molecules for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

The thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system (Trx/TrxR) is an attractive drug target because of its involvement in a number of important physiological processes, from DNA synthesis to regulating signal transduction. This study describes the finding of pyrazolone compounds that are active against Staphylococcus aureus. Initially, the project was focused on discovering small molecules that may have antibacterial properties targeting the Mycobacterium tuberculosis thioredoxin reductase. This led to the discovery of a pyrazolone scaffold-containing compound series that showed bactericidal capability against S. aureus strains, including drug-resistant clinical isolates. The findings support continued development of the pyrazolone compounds as potential anti-S. aureus antibiotics.
Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Research Related to Value-Based Approaches in Healthcare.

Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Research Related to Value-Based Approaches in Healthcare William Mkanta;Madhuri Katta;Karthika Basireddy;Gary English;Maria Mejia de Grubb; Journal of Healthcare Management
Effect of the Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Medications on Medication Communication and Deprescribing

Objectives To examine the effect of the Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Medications (TRIM), a web tool linking an electronic health record (EHR) to a clinical decision support system, on medication communication and prescribing. Design Randomized clinical trial. Setting Primary care clinics at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants Veterans aged 65 and older prescribed seven or more medications randomized to receipt of TRIM or usual care (N = 128). Intervention TRIM extracts information on medications and chronic conditions from the EHR and contains data entry screens for information obtained from brief chart review and telephonic patient assessment. These data serve as input for automated algorithms identifying medication reconciliation discrepancies, potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), and potentially inappropriate regimens. Clinician feedback reports summarize discrepancies and provide recommendations for deprescribing. Patient feedback reports summarize discrepancies and self-reported medication problems. Measurements Primary: subscales of the Patient Assessment of Care for Chronic Conditions (PACIC) related to shared decision-making; clinician and patient communication. Secondary: changes in medications. Results 29.7% of TRIM participants and 15.6% of control participants provided the highest PACIC ratings; this difference was not significant. Adjusting for covariates and clustering of patients within clinicians, TRIM was associated with significantly more-active patient communication and facilitative clinician communication and with more medication-related communication among patients and clinicians. TRIM was significantly associated with correction of medication discrepancies but had no effect on number of medications or reduction in PIMs. Conclusion TRIM improved communication about medications and accuracy of documentation. Although there was no association with prescribing, the small sample size provided limited power to examine medication-related outcomes.
Gluteal artery injuries including pseudoaneurysm associated with powered bone marrow biopsies.

The bone marrow procedure (BMP) is a frequently performed procedure, with over 700,000 recorded in the U.S. annually. It is a fundamental component in the evaluation and management of both malignant and benign hematologic conditions. Adult patients are generally assured that the BMP is a safe procedure with minimal risk, albeit briefly painful. Traditionally performed using a manual Jamshidi needle, the procedure is increasingly being performed using powered bone marrow kits, which have shown consistently good results. In the current review we describe three cases of gluteal artery injuries following the powered driver procedure, one of which resulted in the formation of a pseudoaneurysm requiring radiology-guided intervention. We highlight the need for both hematologists and patients to be aware of this potentially life threatening complication as well as how to recognize it clinically and institute timely diagnostic and therapeutic measures.
Moderate social sensitivity in a risky context supports adaptive decision making in adolescence: evidence from brain and behavior

Adolescence is a time of increased social-affective sensitivity, which is often related to heightened health-risk behaviors. However, moderate levels of social sensitivity, relative to either low (social vacuum) or high levels (exceptionally attuned), may confer benefits as it facilitates effective navigation of the social world. The present fMRI study tested a curvilinear relationship between social sensitivity and adaptive decision-making. Participants (ages 12-16; N = 35) played the Social Analogue Risk Task, which measures participants' willingness to knock on doors in order to earn points. With each knock, the facial expression of the house's resident shifted from happy to somewhat angrier. If the resident became too angry, the door slammed and participants lost points. Social sensitivity was defined as the extent to which adolescents adjusted their risky choices based on shifting facial expressions. Results confirmed a curvilinear relationship between social sensitivity and self-reported adaptive decision-making at the behavioral and neural level. Moderate adolescent social sensitivity was modulated via heightened tracking of social cues in the temporoparietal junction, insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and related to adaptive decision-making. These findings suggest that social-affective sensitivity may positively impact outcomes in adolescence and have implications for interventions to help adolescents reach mature social goals into adulthood.
Demonstration of a Plasmo-Thermomechanical Radiation Detector with Si 3 N 4 Waveguide Optical Readout Circuit

A plasmo-thermomechanical radiation detector based on suspended nano-antennas with a Si 3 N 4 waveguide optical readout circuit has been demonstrated. The responsivity and noise equivalent power of the detector are measured to be 3.954×10−3 μm2/μW and 3.01μW/VHz, respectively.
‘I’m a kid from the Bronx’: A reflection on the enduring contributions of Willis’s cultural production perspective in Learning to Labour:

In this essay, the author discusses the enduring significance of Paul Willis’s theorizations of cultural production and social reproduction as delineated in his classic work, Learning to Labour (19...
Patient-reported outcomes after surgery for endometrial carcinoma: Prevalence of lower-extremity lymphedema after sentinel lymph node mapping versus lymphadenectomy

Abstract Objective To compare the prevalence of patient-reported lower-extremity lymphedema (LEL) with sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping versus comprehensive lymph node dissection (LND) for the surgical management of newly diagnosed endometrial carcinoma. Methods Patients who underwent primary surgery for endometrial cancer from 01/2006-12/2012 were mailed a survey that included a validated 13-item LEL screening questionnaire in 08/2016. Patients diagnosed with LEL prior to surgery and those who answered ≤6 survey items were excluded. Results Of 1275 potential participants, 623 (49%) responded to the survey and 599 were evaluable (180 SLN, 352 LND, 67 hysterectomy alone). Median BMI was similar among cohorts (P = 0.99). External-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) was used in 10/180 (5.5%) SLN and 35/352 (10%) LND patients (P = 0.1). Self-reported LEL prevalence was 27% (49/180) and 41% (144/352), respectively (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.25–2.74; P = 0.002). LEL prevalence was 51% (23/45) in patients who received EBRT and 35% (170/487) in those who did not (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.06–3.6; P = 0.03). High BMI was associated with increased prevalence of LEL (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.06; P = 0.001). After controlling for EBRT and BMI, LND retained independent association with an increased prevalence of LEL over SLN (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.22–2.69; P = 0.003). Patients with self-reported LEL had significantly worse QOL compared to those without self-reported LEL. Conclusions This is the first study to assess patient-reported LEL after SLN mapping for endometrial cancer. SLN mapping was independently associated with a significantly lower prevalence of patient-reported LEL. High BMI and adjuvant EBRT were associated with an increased prevalence of patient-reported LEL.
Complexity of State-Space Search for Optimal Solutions

In the worst case, a state-space search algorithm must explore every node in a state space. Thus the worst-case complexity is linear in the size of the state space. On the other hand, if the lower-bound cost function used by the algorithm is exact, the complexity is linear in the length of the path from the initial node to a goal node. However, these extreme cases rarely occur and thus convey little information about the actual performance of an algorithm. Average-case complexity is therefore a more realistic performance measure. This chapter considers an average-case complexity of a state-space search algorithm. The main purpose of an average-case analysis is to find the relationship between the average-case complexity and the accuracy of lower-bound cost functions used by a search algorithm.
Nuclear systematics. Part III: The source of solar luminosity

The Sun emits about 3.1043 1H per year in the solar wind (SW). Solar luminosity and the outflow of SW-protons come from the collapsed supernova core, a neutron star (NS), on which the Sun formed. The universal cradle of the nuclides indicates that the energy of each neutron in the Sun"s central NS exceeds that of a free neutron by »10–22 MeV. Solar luminosity and SW-protons are generated by a series of reactions: (a) escape of neutrons from the central NS, (b) decay of free neutrons or their capture by heavier nuclides, (c) fusion and upward migration of H+ through material that accreted on the NS, and (d) escape of H+ in the SW.
Crazing and Cracking in Glassy Homopolymers

Crazing and cracking in glassy homopolymers are reviewed with particular emphasis on the influence of shear flow on craze initiation and growth and on crack propagation.
A national survey of dental hygiene education administrators: demographics, characteristics, and academic profile.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive demographic database of dental hygiene education administrators and to examine their academic professional profile. METHODS On April 1, 1996, a survey was mailed to all dental hygiene education administrators in the U.S. The survey requested participants to respond to specific questions regarding demographic characteristics, professional academic profile, and extent of management theory background. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages. Cross-tabulations and chi-square tests were calculated for type of institution, type of program, extent of management theory background, highest degree earned, and rank. RESULTS One hundred thirty-eight valid surveys (63%) were returned. The demographic profile determined the majority of administrators were Caucasian (95.6%), female (87.6%), dental hygienists (87.6%), with a mean age of 47. The highest degree earned was a master's degree (64.5%) with a specialization in education (47.7%). Additionally, 87.5 percent had some form of educational management theory background, and 22.6 percent held the rank of full professor. Professional experience ranged from one to 30 years, with a mean of 10 years. The majority of participants worked in public (95.7%) institutions, primarily community and technical colleges (67.4%) that awarded associate's degrees (72.5%). Cross-tabulations and chi-square tests for type of institution, type of program, extent of management theory background, and rank were calculated. Significance was found between rank and type of institution, type of program, highest degree earned, and gender. Additionally, a relationship was found between gender and highest degree earned. CONCLUSION These findings help develop a demographic database and professional academic profile of dental hygiene education administrators that can be used for future research and theory development, trends identification, problem solving, decision making, and policy formation. When compared to past studies, Caucasian females still dominate the profession. Also, dental hygiene faculty/administrators have increased in percentage of earned master's and doctoral degrees, and in advancement of academic rank to full professor. Furthermore, administrators are comparable to other full-time faculty in health-related programs and two-year institutions in regard to academic rank and highest degree earned. Thus, this population reflects individuals who can be considered highly dedicated and educationally prepared for their administrative role. However, compared to faculty across all disciplines in higher education, this population did not reflect advanced professional preparation or academic rank. It is recommended that dental hygiene administrators and faculty continue their scholarly endeavors to help advance the field to full professionalization and build academic legitimacy.
Experiments on large amplitude parametric vibration of rectangular plates.

ABSTRACT Experiments are performed to determine the large amplitude, nonlinear parametric response of a simply supported rectangular plate which is subjected to a distributed in-plane load of the form P=P0+P1 cos γt. Several experimental arrangements are used to determine the boundaries of the instability zones, to evaluate the effects of distributed longitudinal mass and concentrated end mass, and to ascertain the temporal and spatial modal shapes of the plate vibrations.
Gerrymandering Ukraine? Electoral Consequences of Occupation

The occupation of Crimea and part of the Donbas will prevent roughly 12 percent of Ukrainian voters from participating in elections. These voters voted disproportionately for candidates and parties...
Mibefradil dihydrochoride with hypofractionated radiation for recurrent glioblastoma: A phase I dose expansion trial.

e14046Background: Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) has limited treatment options. We performed a high-throughput screen for DNA repair inhibitors and identified mibefradil dihydrochloride, a...
RIOS: Runtime Integrated Optimizer for Spark

Many Data-Intensive Scalable Computing (DISC) systems do not support sophisticated cost-based query optimizers because they lack the necessary data statistics. Consequently many crucial optimizations, such as join order and plan selection, are not well supported in DISC systems. RIOS is a Runtime Integrated Optimizer for Spark that lazily binds to execution plans at runtime, after collecting the statistics needed to make more optimal decisions. We evaluate the efficacy of our approach and show that better plans can be derived at runtime, achieving more than an order-of-magnitude performance improvement compared to compile time generated plans produced by the Apache Spark rule-base optimizer.
PAI-1 polymorphism and stroke in pregnancy (P2.245)

Objective: To report a rare case of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) mutation causing stroke in pregnancy. Background: Plasminogen is an essential protein in the coagulation cascade that aids in the degradation of fibrin. The role of PAI-1 is to inhibit the function of endogenous tPA, therefore, promoting clot formation. PAI-1 polymorphism at the 4G/5G locus can result in both cerebral and coronary thrombotic events. Design/Methods: Case report and literature pertinent to PAI-1 polymorphism was reviewed. Results: A 29 yo female (G3P2) with history of migraines and hypertension presented with a chief complaint of a 2-day course of left hemiparesis and dysarthria. Initial NIHSS was 3 and she had a positive pregnancy test. Non-contrast head CT was unremarkable. MRI brain showed an acute to subacute infarct along the posterior aspect of the right corona radiata, and a smaller punctate focus of diffusion restriction in the right posterior frontal and parietal regions. MRA head and neck was unremarkable. A 2D echocardiogram showed a left ventricular ejection fraction of 60–65% and a negative bubble study. LDL and HbA1c were 62 and 5.6 respectively. Hypercoagulable work-up was remarkable for a low protein C level. A month later, a repeat protein C activity level was normal and there was no evidence of resistance to activated Protein C. At 16 weeks of gestation, she was tested for PAI-1 4G/5G mutation, which was positive for a polymorphism at that location. Patient was subsequently treated with Lovenox for secondary stroke prevention. Conclusions: PAI-1 gene polymorphism, although rare, can result in either bleeding or atherothrombotic events. PAI-1 4G/4G (highest level of expression) has been associated with ischemic strokes. Here we present a case of ischemic stroke in a patient with the acquired hypercoagulable state of pregnancy, suggesting a role for testing PAI-1 polymorphism in pregnancy and stroke. Disclosure: Dr. Hollist has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gujrati has nothing to disclose. Dr. Demel has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Genentech.
Translation of The Happy City by Francesco Patrizi of Cherso

In The Happy City, Patrizi describes an ideal city. His analysis is founded on the premise that we can determine what makes a city happy only if we recognize what it is that makes a man happy. Patrizi argues that happiness is the ultimate goal of man’s life: it entails being virtuous and, even more, uniting with the divine. However, man cannot attain happiness on his own; he requires special conditions that only a city can provide. Patrizi envisages a city which creates the best possible environment for man to pursue happiness through its habits, features, laws, and political structures. His city is ideal not because it embodies certain political values (e.g., equality, justice, freedom), but since it enables man to follow his highest calling.
Interactive Peer-Led Code Reviews In CS2 Curricula

Previous work demonstrated an effective strategy on how to teach two programming languages (Java and C++) side-by-side in a Computer Science II (CS2) course. The goal of this approach was twofold: first, to stress the importance of programming language selection as part of a career preparation module; secondly, to improve the overall success and satisfaction of the students. The results of this work led to additional questions, including how students (peers) could be leveraged to act as instructors in laboratory settings to aid in a peer-led learning exercise. One of the unique challenges associated with CS2 curricula is the varying degree of student experiences and expertise when entering the course. Course surveys have demonstrated that a subset of the student population enter the course with significant programming experience, while others report no prior experience with programming or programming languages. It is therefore the role of the instructor, to find the proper balance within the course in order to satisfy all students' learning needs. In the original work it was indicated, via student post-completion surveys, that peer-led discussion of coding "best practices" could improve overall student outcomes. This survey provided the motivation for this paper. In this paper, we propose using interactive peer-led code reviews to help introduce the students to widely accepted practices found throughout industry while allowing them to better master the material through a shared learning experience. We provide an outline for how this can be achieved in an existing course structure and discuss the outcomes from this study.
Outcomes of Cadaveric Allograft versus Autologous Cartilage Graft in Functional Septorhinoplasty

ObjectiveOur goal was to elucidate the efficacy and outcome profile of cadaveric allografts (homograft costal cartilage) in functional septorhinoplasty as compared with autografts (quadrangular car...
Pathologic fracture healing after femoral limb salvage in a dog

Background Bone sarcomas are a significant cause of pain, disability, and mortality in dogs. A variety of surgical limb salvage options are available to preserve limb function with comparable prognosis to amputation. Case report This report describes successful healing after plate fixation of an undifferentiated sarcoma pathologic femoral fracture in a dog. The fracture was treated surgically with curettage of the tumour site, placement of autogenous bone graft, and then stabilized using a locking plate rod construct. The patient regained excellent mobility after surgery and was managed with monthly pamidronate therapy. Serial radiographs demonstrate progressive healing of the pathologic fracture. Ultimately, the patient developed a maxillary fibrosarcoma and was euthanased 1 year after treatment of the femoral fracture. Postmortem histopathological evaluation of the pathologic fracture site demonstrated complete bone healing. Conclusion This case highlights the possibilities of limb salvage by fracture stabilization and bone healing as a viable option in select patients.
Modeling of Multiple Dynamics in the Radiation of Bulk Acoustic Wave Antennas

An unconditionally stable finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm is proposed to predict and understand the complex response in strain-mediated multiferroic radio frequency devices, such as antennas. A system of three coupled sets of governing equations is solved simultaneously: 1) Maxwell's equations for electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation; 2) Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation for magnetic spin response; and 3) Newton's law for acoustic behavior. The formulation of this algorithm is elaborated on in detail followed by a demonstration of its capability through the simulation of a 1.3- μ m-thick bulk-acoustic-wave (BAW)-based strain-mediated multiferroic antenna. Analysis of the far-field radiation efficiency of this antenna as a function of magnetic dc bias demonstrates the importance of aligning the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and the mechanical BAW resonance to enhance EM radiation performance. Results also show that reducing the magnetic loss, or in other words, reducing the FMR linewidth, represents the dominating feature to achieve higher radiation efficiencies in these antennas.
Comparison of admission rates among patients treated by male and female emergency physicians: a multicenter study.

No study to date has looked at the gender of emergency medicine (EM) physicians in the United States in relation to admission rates. This study seeks to investigate admission rates of adult patients treated by female vs male EM physicians, to identify whether a practice pattern bias exists. This was a multicenter retrospective study of four community hospitals. Population: All patient encounters between July 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017. Outcome: We compared multiple benchmarks, including admission rates, patient acuity, length of stay, return visits, patient age, and years of practice using descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficients. 171,762 encounters by 71 EM physicians; 29 females, 42 males. Average admission rates: female 30.1%, male 28.0%, p = .188. Average encounters: female 2456, male 2394, p = 0.77. Acuity: female 149.3, male 146.9, p = .227. Average length of stay (minutes): female 294.4, male 277.4, p = .137. Average patient age: female 50.9, male 50.2, p = .457. Median time of encounter: female 12.8, male 12.7, p = .964. Years of practice: female 16.2, male 19.1, p = .274. Average return visits per one thousand: female 8.5, male 8.5, p = .864. Secondary analysis of Pearson Correlation Coefficient of Significance; admission rate and length of stay: female 0.53, p = .0026; male 0.76, p < .0001. Admission rate and acuity: female 0.56, p = .0012; male 0.76, p < .0001. Admission rate and patient age: female 0.54, p = 0.0018; male 0.50, p = 0.0003. No statistically significant difference exists between the admission rates of male and female emergency medicine physicians. The admission rate in both groups had the highest correlation with patients’ age, acuity, and length of stay.
Identifying the Contributions of Maternal Factors and Early Childhood Externalizing Behavior on Adolescent Delinquency.

We examined whether childhood externalizing group subtypes were uniquely related to maternal depression and victimization and whether these subtypes differentially predicted adolescent delinquency. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study on Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) consortium (N = 1091; 51.3% female, 52.2% African American). Latent class analysis indicated three groups at age 4 (titled “well-adjusted,” “hyperactive/oppositional,” and “aggressive/rule-breaking”). Caregiver victimization and depression significantly predicted group membership such that aggressive/rule-breaking group had higher levels of maternal depression and victimization although the well-adjusted group had higher levels of maternal victimization relative to the hyperactive/oppositional group. Further, membership in higher externalizing groups at age four is associated with greater risk of adolescent delinquency at age 16. These findings underscore the need to address maternal risk factors in the treatment of childhood disruptive behavior and provide evidence of the continuity of disruptive behaviors from early childhood to adolescence.
Implications of Incidental Germline Findings Identified In the Context of Clinical Whole Exome Sequencing for Guiding Cancer Therapy

PURPOSEIdentification of incidental germline mutations in the context of next-generation sequencing is an unintended consequence of advancing technologies. These data are critical for family member...
Bruxism: Best Evidence Consensus Statement.

Purpose The purpose of this Best Evidence Consensus Statement is to report on the prevalence, potential causes or association, treatment and cure of bruxism. Materials and methods A literature search limited to Clinical Trials, Randomized Controlled Trials, Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses, with the key words bruxism, and prevalence identified 22 references, bruxism and causation 21, bruxism, and treatment 117, and bruxism and cure none. Results Prevalence received 5 references which were relevant to the question researched. Causation received 11 relevant references, treatment 34 relevant references and cure none. Eighteen additional references were culled from the reference lists in the aforementioned articles. Conclusions Due to variations in demographics and the dependence on anamnestic data, the true prevalence of bruxism in any specific population is unknown. There is moderate evidence that psychosocial factors such as stress, mood, distress, nervousness, and feeling blue are associated with sleep bruxism (SB) as well as caffeine, alcohol, and smoking. There is no consensus on what symptoms of SB or awake bruxism (AB) should be treated. There is some evidence that occlusal devices and bio feedback therapies can be utilized in SB treatment. There is conflicting evidence in the use of Botulinum toxin A and no compelling evidence for the use of drug therapy to treat SB. There is not an established cure for bruxism. The clinician is best served in using caution in the dental rehabilitation of patients with severe occlusal wear.
Adaptive Transmit Waveform Design Using Multitone Sinusoidal Frequency Modulation

This article presents an adaptive waveform design method using multitone sinusoidal frequency modulation (MTSFM). The MTSFM waveform's modulation function is represented as a finite Fourier series expansion. The Fourier coefficients are utilized as a discrete set of design parameters. These design parameters can be modified to shape the spectrum, auto-correlation function (ACF), and ambiguity function (AF) shapes of the waveform. The MTSFM waveform model naturally possesses the constant envelope and spectral compactness properties that make it well suited for transmission on practical radar/sonar transmitters which utilize high power amplifiers. The MTSFM has an exact mathematical definition for its time-series using generalized Bessel functions which allow for deriving closed-form analytical expressions for its spectrum, AF, and ACF. These expressions allow for establishing well-defined optimization problems that finely tune the MTSFM's properties. This adaptive waveform design model is demonstrated by optimizing MTSFM waveforms that initially possess a “thumbtack-like” AF shape. The resulting optimized designs possess substantially improved sidelobe levels over specified regions in the range-Doppler plane without increasing their time-bandwidth product. Simulations additionally demonstrate that the optimized thumbtacklike MTSFM waveforms are competitive with thumbtacklike phase-coded waveforms derived from design algorithms available in the published literature.
FILTER CONSTRUCTION IN THE FOURIER DOMAIN

This chapter explains the problem of finding filters (filter pairs) in the Fourier domain. It characterizes the Daubechies system in terms of Fourier series. The chapter utilizes the Fourier series to identify other desirable conditions satisfied by the lowpass filter and in so doing, creates a new family of orthogonal filters. The new conditions, suggested by Ronald Coifman, led Daubechies to develop the so‐called Coiflet filters. The chapter provides Daubechies' general formulation and explicitly constructs two members of the Coiflet filter family. It also developes the entire family of biorthogonal spline filter pairs. The Cohen‐Daubechies‐Feauveau biorthogonal filter pair is utilized by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for compressing digitized images of fingerprints and by the JPEG2000 committee for the JPEG2000 Image Compression Standard. Unser and Blu report that the Cohen‐Daubechies‐Feauveau 9/7 biorthogonal filter pair produces a wavelet transformation matrix that is closer to orthogonal than that generated by the (9, 7) biorthogonal spline filter pair.
Tax Rate Differences, Tax Status and the Capital Structure Choice within Multinational Corporate Groups

This paper aims at detecting to what extent existing empirical studies analyzing tax impact on the choice of capital structure within multinational groups suffer from measurement error. In contrast to those studies, which make reference to statutory tax rates, I use to this end simulated marginal tax rates as well as dichotomous tax rates, both of which also reflect the existence of non-debt tax shields. The paper comes to the conclusion that the explanatory power of tax variables is doubled if simulated marginal tax rates are used instead of the statutory rates.
GLUMM: an application programming interface for multi-screen programming in a windows environment

The state of the art in Virtual Reality (VR) and Immersive Visualization software today often requires multiple screens or display devices. This additional screen space can offer many views into the same scene or provide an abundance of screen space for maximum display of information. There are many APIs in existence for development of software that can take advantage of multiple screens, however, few support development in a Windows environment (most are for some variant of the UNIX operating system). In addition the specialized hardware for which many of these APIs are designed is very expensive (these hardware systems can be priced at more than one million dollars). The standard Windows PC is extremely cheap in comparison, so there is a push in today's VR and visualization community to find PC solutions to hardware requirements. GLUT (Graphics Library Utility Toolkit) is a simple window manager and event-handler used by many institutions in conjunction with OpenGL for teaching introductory graphics programming. In this paper, I discuss GLUMM (Graphics Library Utility for Multi-Monitors) a GLUT-like API for development of multi-monitor applications on one PC with multiple graphics boards (or a single board with multiple heads) supporting OpenGL and running Windows 2000 or higher. I believe the step from single display graphics programming to multi-monitor applications is much easier when done with an API similar to that which students are taught in their first graphics course. GLUMM makes it possible to develop multi-monitor applications with little prior graphics programming experience, and for undergraduate students to get a feel for state of the art visualization software in small school settings.
Ultra-wideband (UWB) transmitter location using time difference of arrival (TDOA) techniques

Ultra-wideband (UWB) signals lend themselves to localization measurements using time difference of arrival (TDOA), or time delay estimation (TDE), techniques. However, TDOA estimation is complicated by pulse distortion due to the antenna elements, other system components, and the multipath propagation environment. This paper explores the use of cross correlation based TDOA methods in conjunction with a novel technique for combining the TDOA estimates from multiple antenna pairs to build an estimate of the transmitter position. Experiments that simulate foliage and industrial environments were performed in an anechoic chamber. Results from these measurements are presented.
A protection tree scheme for first-failure protection and second-failure restoration in optical networks

Recently, a single-link failure protection scheme using protection tree has been proposed in [6].This scheme is scalable in that the protection tree can be adjusted dynamically as the network topology changes. A drawback of this scheme is that it may not be able to find a backup path for certain network links even if the network is 2-connected. In this paper, we first present a new protection tree scheme that can recover from any single-link failure in a 2-connected network. We then give an Integer Linear Program (ILP) formulation to compute a protection tree and allocate spare capacity on the network links so that the total spare capacity required is minimized. Finally, we present a distributed algorithm for fast double-link failure restoration using a protection tree. Simulation results show that around 70% of the double-link failures can be restored by our scheme even though the spare capacity in the network is planned for single-link failures. In addition, our scheme can achieve almost 100% restorability for double-link failures when spare capacity in the network is sufficiently large.
Productividad de los editores y países representados en el servicio Current Contents durante 1994

In the present work, the authors supervised the journal title lists of each selected Current Contents sections. The sections "Life Sciences" and "Clinical Medicine" cover a big number of very important titles for medicine and other life sciences. In order to offer a global vision of the biomedical world, after the supervision of both lists and the elimination of duplicated titles, a unique set of serial publications was grouped and analyzed. The total of titles according to the publisher house and the country, and the total of publisher houses according to the country, were computed.
Metamorphic evolution of sapphirine‐ and orthoamphibole‐cordierite‐bearing gneiss, Okanogan dome, Washington, USA

Gneiss domes are commonly cored by quartzofeldspathic rocks that provide little information about the pressure–temperature–fluid history of the domes. Three northern Cordilleran migmatite domes (Thor-Odin and Valhalla/Passmore, British Columbia, Canada; Okanogan, Washington, USA), however, contain Mg–Al-rich orthoamphibole-cordierite gneiss as layers and lenses that record metamorphic conditions and pressure–temperature (P–T) path information not preserved in the host migmatite. These Mg–Al-rich rocks are therefore a valuable archive of metamorphic conditions during dome evolution, although refractory rocks such as these commonly contain reaction textures that may complicate the calculation of metamorphic conditions. In the Okanogan dome, Mg–Al-rich layers are part of the Tunk Creek unit, which occurs at the periphery of an underlying migmatite domain. Bulk compositional layers (mm- to m-scale) consist of gedrite-dominated, hornblende-dominated and biotite-bearing layers that contain variable amounts of gedrite, hornblende, anorthite, cordierite, spinel, sapphirine, corundum, kyanite, biotite and/or staurolite. The presence of different compositional layers (some with reaction textures, some without) allows systematic analysis of metamorphic history by a combined petrographic and phase equilibrium analysis. Gedrite-dominated layers containing relict kyanite preserve evidence of the highest-P conditions; symplectitic and coronal reaction textures around kyanite indicate decompression at high temperature. Gedrite-dominated layers lacking these reaction textures contain layers of sapphirine and spinel in apparent textural equilibrium and record a later high-T–low-P part of the path. Phase equilibria (pseudosection) analysis for layers that lack reaction textures indicates metamorphic conditions of 720–750 °C at a range of pressures (>8 to <4 kbar) following decompression. Elevated crustal temperatures and concordant structural fabrics in the Tunk Creek unit and underlying migmatite domain suggest that the calculated P–T conditions recorded in Tunk Creek rocks were coeval with anatexis, extension, and dome formation in Palaeocene–Eocene time. In contrast to orthoamphibole-cordierite gneiss in the other Cordilleran domes, the Tunk Creek unit occurs as a discontinuous km-scale layer rather than as smaller (m-scale) pods, is more calcic, and lacks garnet. In addition, kyanite did not transform to sillimanite, and spinel commonly occurs as a blocky matrix phase in addition to vermicules in symplectite. These differences, along with the compositional layering, allow an analysis of bulk composition v. tectonic (P–T path) controls on mineral assemblages and textures. Pseudosection modelling of different layers in the Tunk Creek unit provides a basis for understanding the metamorphic history of these texturally complex, refractory rocks and their host gneiss domes, and other such rocks in similar tectonic settings.
Stability of discrete-time systems with stochastically delayed feedback

This paper investigates the stability of linear systems with stochastic delay in discrete time. Stability of the mean and second moment of the non-deterministic system is determined by a set of deterministic discrete-time equations with distributed delay. A theorem is provided that guarantees convergence of the state with convergence of the second moment, assuming that delays are identically independently distributed. The theorem is applied to a scalar equation where the stability of the equilibrium is determined.
Analysis of Physical Fitness Index Test Scores of Air Crew Students at the Close of a Physical Conditioning Program

(1945). Analysis of Physical Fitness Index Test Scores of Air Crew Students at the Close of a Physical Conditioning Program. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 192-195.
The Precautionary Principle in EU Law

The aim of this chapter is to explain how precaution has been fleshed out into more precise legal obligations and interpreted by EU courts. The discussion will address the meaning and status of the principle, the relationship with scientific as well as policy issues, and the manner in which the EU case-law has been carving out the implementation of the principle.