cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Structure–Function Relationship in a β-Sheet Peptide Inhibitor of E47 Dimerization and DNA Binding

Abstract A β-sheet peptide inhibitor, 2H10, has been developed that inhibits the dimerization of the transcription factor E47. Inhibition of E47 dimerization has been demonstrated to also inhibit the DNA binding of this transcription factor. Truncated peptides based on 2H10 have demonstrated that the β-sheet content of these peptides directly correlates with their inhibitory properties. Individual residues within 2H10 were identified that were responsible for the β-sheet secondary structure by employing an alanine replacement strategy. The β-sheet character of the alanine mutants also correlated well with their inhibition of E47 DNA binding. These results provide further evidence that interactions between the interfacial peptide inhibitors of E47 and the transcription factor itself are mediated by a β-sheet structure.
NO break-ins at water gate.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical that functions as an endogenous mediator in diverse biological effects in numerous tissues. In the kidney and vasculature, these processes include the control of systemic and microvascular tone, the glomerular microcirculation, renal sodium excretion, and inflammatory responses in the glomerulus and tubulointerstitium, among many others.1 NO also impacts the renin–angiotensin and eicosanoid systems, endothelin, cytokines, and other key regulators of inflammation. Because of its potent chemical reactivity, high diffusibility, and the fact that, unlike most endogenous chemical signals, it cannot be stored or secreted, NO production by NO synthases is under complex, tight control to dictate specificity of its signaling and to limit toxicity to other cellular components. These controls serve to govern the timing, magnitude, and spatial distribution of NO release, and, in turn, specify the input signals that activate NO release and the effector functions of the molecule to target specific proteins. The biological role of NO as an inter- and intracellular messenger molecule is greatly dependent on its effective concentration and bioavailability at sites of action. As a hydrophobic gas, NO has traditionally been thought to traverse freely across cell membranes without the need for a specific transport protein to facilitate diffusion. It is also known that NO may accumulate in cellular lipids and preferentially interact with molecules in lipid environments. Since cellular entry of NO has generally been regarded to be near diffusion-limited, many of the reactions of NO are thought to depend on the rate of collision between NO and its target molecules or functional groups. Proteins that are structurally or …
Design of linear phase FIR filters using the LMS algorithm

The application of the stochastic gradient (least mean square) algorithm, the design of linear phase finite impulse response (FIR) filters, is discussed. Analytical results are presented and supported by simulation experiments to demonstrate the superior performance of the LMS algorithm equipped with the linear phase constraint as compared to the standard LMS algorithm. >
Characteristics Associated with Suboptimal Bowel Preparation Prior to Colonoscopy: Results of a National Survey

Background: Inadequate bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy compromises the medical value of the procedure. The aim of this study is to explore the factors associated with pre‑colonoscopy sub‑optimal bowel preparation from the perspective of the physician. Methods: Using a cross‑sectional study design, we examined the role of various factors thought to be associated with sub‑optimal bowel preparation as reported by a sample of practicing Gastroenterologists across the United States. We conducted a survey among active members of the American College of Gastroenterology to assess Gastroenterologists’ perceptions about barriers faced by the patients in the bowel preparation process. Descriptions of factors associated with sub‑optimal bowel preparation prior to screening colonoscopy were identified and described, including health conditions, patient cognitive/ behavioral characteristics and medication use. Results: Health conditions (including constipation and diabetes) and particular patient characteristics (including older age) were the most common perceived determinants of sub‑optimal bowel preparation. Although some barriers to colonoscopy preparation (e.g., older age), cannot be modified, many are amenable to change through education. Conclusions: This study indicates the potential value of a
Characterization of epileptic seizure dynamics using Gabor atom density

Abstract Objective : The study of epileptic electroencephalograph (EEG) dynamics can potentially provide insights into seizure onset, evolution and termination. We propose a new synthetic measure based on time–frequency decomposition to provide detailed characterization of these dynamic changes. Methods : The matching pursuit (MP) method allows for continuous time–frequency decomposition. We have developed a derivative of the MP method, the Gabor atom density method (GAD) that facilitates interpretation during the dynamic ictal period. The GAD analysis was applied to intracranial recordings of complex partial seizures ( n =43) of mesial temporal origin in 7 patients. Results : Complex partial seizure occurrence is systematically associated with a GAD increase of 400±150%. The GAD increase coincides with the electrographical evidence of seizure onset. The similarity between seizures in a given patient is very high with uniform onset slope, maximum level and termination pattern. Global GAD responses over all channels can reveal detailed seizure propagation patterns including secondary independent foci and secondary generalization. Conclusions : The GAD measure based on the MP decomposition is a reliable tool to detect seizure occurrence in long-term recordings, to differentiate seizures from artifacts on a multi-channel basis and to examine patterns of seizure propagation. The reproducible GAD pattern suggests consistent changes in signal inner structure and may provide new clues about seizure dynamics and evolution. Significance : The GAD method can provide information about seizure dynamics that can contribute to methods of seizure detection. These analyses may lead to better understanding of seizure termination and help facilitate application of responsive seizure control devices in humans.
Dual-degree MD-MBA students: a look at the future of medical leadership.

In an increasingly turbulent medical care system, business training is one way doctors and medical students are seeking to redefine their ability to lead and wield influence. Changes in the health care system have fostered the need for physician executives with business training who can serve as liaisons between administrative and clinical personnel. As the development of integrated delivery systems has combined clinical and administrative functions, the roles of physician executives have increased, as well as the demand for related training of physician leaders. Growth in the number of physician executives is expected to continue as such individuals demonstrate their ability to facilitate provider‐physician relations and lend unique expertise and perspective in the health care delivery system. 1 The transition from clinical roles to administrative functions can be challenging for physician executives. 2,3 Moving into administrative roles presents challenges different from those inherent in medical training and practice. 4 If the physician manager is to be considered an effective asset to an organization, the new role requires distinct shifts in thinking, philosophy, attitudes, and behavior. 5 Because traditional clinical training of physicians contrasts with management training and functions, few physicians are prepared for the requirements of management roles. 6
Convexity of diagonally scaled infinity norm optimal control problems-the square, one-sided case

A diagonally scaled multivariable L/sup infinity / optimization problem is reduced to finite-dimensional convex optimization for the case of square T/sub 12/, T/sub 21/d, T/sub 11/ in (H/sup infinity /)/sup n*n/ and either T/sub 12/ or T/sub 21/ containing no RHP zeros, i.e. the square, one-sided case. The solution to this problem plays a key role in the design of multivariable feedback controllers which optimize the excess stability margin or, equivalently, the structured singular value mu . >
Controlled atmosphere storage of carrot slices, sticks and shreds

AbstractThe physiology and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.) slices, sticks, and shreds stored in air or controlled atmosphere (CA) of 0.5% O2 and 10% CO2 at 0, 5, and 10 °C were monitored. The respiration of all 3 types of cut tissue was reduced when stored in CA and the reduction was greater with slices or sticks than with shreds. The RQ of sticks and shreds was higher in CA than in air at all temperatures. Ethylene production was less than 0.1 μl kg−1 h−1 and off-odor was not detected with any of the samples. CA was beneficial in reducing decay, weight loss, pH of sticks and shreds, white discoloration on shreds, and microbial growth on sticks. The latter two occurred only at 0 and 5 °C.
Towards Collaborative Mapping and Exploration Using Multiple Micro Aerial Robots

In this paper, we present a system for collaborative mapping and exploration with multiple quad rotor robots. The basic architecture and development of the algorithms for mapping and exploration validate our system with both simulation and real-world experiments. We utilize the 2.5-D structure of typical indoor environments and demonstrate the deployment of multiple autonomous quadrotors equipped with IMUs and laser scanners engaged in collaborative exploration. Estimation, control and planing algorithms are highly integrated in our system to achieve robust and efficient exploration behaviors.
This world, ‘Adams worlds’, and the best of all possible worlds

'Adams worlds' are possible worlds that contain no creature whose life is not worth living or whose life is overall worse than in any other possible world in which it would have existed. Creating an Adams world involves no wrongdoing or unkindness towards creatures on the part of the creator. I argue that the notion of an Adams world is of little value in theodicy. Theists are not only committed to thinking that this world was created without wrongdoing or unkindness but also must rule out the possibility that the world might have been better had God not existed. Nor is there much reason, independent of the availability of a satisfactory theodicy, for believing that the actual world is an Adams world. The need for a theodicy constructed along Leibnizian lines, incorporating the claim that this World is the best possible, is thus reinforced.
Radiation enhanced diffusion of cesium, strontium, and europium in silicon carbide

Abstract The radiation enhanced diffusion (RED) of three key fission products in SiC: cesium, europium, and strontium was investigated following ion irradiation at a damage rate of 4.6 × 10−4 dpa s−1 at temperatures between 900° C and 1100° C. The radiation enhancement of diffusion was as large as 107 at 900° C, and dropped to a value of 1 by 1300° C for all but cesium grain boundary diffusion. Strontium and cesium exhibited several orders of magnitude enhancement for both mechanisms. Europium enhancement was greatest at 900° C, but dropped to the thermal rates at 1100° C for both mechanisms. The trends in the RED mechanism correlated well with the point defect concentrations suggesting that both carbon and silicon vacancy concentrations are important for fission product diffusion. These constitute the first radiation-enhanced diffusion measurements of strontium, cesium and europium in SiC.
Jamming Resilient Communication Using MIMO Interference Cancellation

Jamming attack is a serious threat to the wireless communications. Reactive jamming maximizes the attack efficiency by jamming only when the targets are communicating, which can be readily implemented using software-defined radios. In this paper, we explore the use of the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology to achieve jamming resilient orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication. In particular, MIMO interference cancellation treats jamming signals as noise and strategically cancels them out, while transmit precoding adjusts the signal directions to optimize the decoding performance. We first investigate the reactive jamming strategies and their impacts on the MIMO-OFDM receivers. We then present a MIMO-based anti-jamming scheme that exploits MIMO interference cancellation and transmit precoding technologies to turn a jammed non-connectivity scenario into an operational network. We implement our jamming resilient communication scheme using software-defined radios. Our testbed evaluation shows the destructive power of reactive jamming attack, and also validates the efficacy and efficiency of our defense mechanisms in the presence of numerous types of reactive jammers with different jamming signal powers.
Performance Comparison of a Bulk Thermoelectric Cooler With a Hybrid Device Architecture

This paper compares the economic viability and performance outcomes of two different thermoelectric device architectures to determine the advantages and appropriate use of each configuration. Hybrid thermoelectric coolers employ thin-film thermoelectric materials sandwiched between a plastic substrate and formed into a corrugated structure. Roll-to-roll manufacturing and low-cost polymer materials offer a cost advantage to the hybrid architecture at the sacrifice of performance capabilities while conventional bulk devices offer increased performance at a higher cost. Performance characteristics and cost information are developed for both hybrid and conventional bulk single-stage thermoelectric modules. The design variables include device geometry, electrical current input, and thermoelectric material type. The trade-offs between cooling performance and cost will be explored and the thermoelectric system configuration analyzed for both hybrid and conventional bulk thermoelectric coolers.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Calorimetric Heats of Adsorption and Adsorption Isotherms. 3. Mixtures of CH4 and C2H6 in Silicalite and Mixtures of CO2 and C2H6 in NaX

Individual heats of adsorption and selectivity of mixtures have been measured simultaneously in a calorimeter. After the weakly adsorbed component was preloaded the dosing of both components to the sample cell was adjusted to hold the loading of the weakly adsorbed component constant. Agreement with ideal adsorbed solution theory is quantitative for mixtures of CH4 and C2H6 at low coverage in an adsorbent with a weak electric field (silicalite). Mixtures of quadrupolar (CO2) and nonpolar (C2H6) gases in an adsorbent with a strong electric field (NaX) exhibit strong negative deviations from ideality. The experimental heats of adsorption are larger than those for an ideal solution, in agreement with the results of molecular simulation.
Computation, Multiplicity, and Comparative Statics of Cournot Equilibria in Integers

We give an efficient algorithm for computing a Cournot equilibrium when the producers are confined to integers, the inverse demand function is linear, and costs are quadratic. The method also establishes existence constructively. We use our characterization to discuss the multiplicity of integer Cournot equilibria and their relationship to the real Cournot equilibrium.
Potential leverage points for development of the cellulosic ethanol industry supply chain

The potential long-term impacts and systemic effects of incentives are of great interest to the biofuels industry and decision makers, particularly with regards to forthcoming mandates for biofuels. We have used the Biomass Scenario Model (BSM) to build a theoretical understanding of the role of incentives on the evolution of the biomass-to-biofuels market. It models a broad range of biofuels such as renewable gasoline, diesel, and aviation fuel. In this paper, we focus on cellulosic ethanol as we describe model-based insights into potential incentives that are aimed at stimulating industry growth while tempering overall incentive-related government expenditures. Subsequent research can test the key insights gained through BSM simulations against actual policy implementation and actual outcomes.
Changing an organization's culture: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Dentistry's TigerCare program.

Studies have shown that the culture of an organization could be the difference between success and failure in achieving its overall corporate goals and mission. Although some aspects of an organization’s culture are visible and tangible, such as the physical structure or overall cleanliness of the facility, other aspects are less tangible but just as apparent, like the helpfulness of the staff and the overall “attitude” of the organization. Private industry discovered many years ago that the key to creating a friendly and productive culture lies in the hands of the employees. TigerCare is a program that engages the civil service employees and provides them with the knowledge and motivation necessary to excel in their jobs and deliver the highest standard of customer service and job performance. It has helped the LSUHSC School of Dentistry develop employees who deliver excellent customer care. This article reports on the specific steps taken to improve the customer service culture and describes the results of the program after two years of implementation.
Management of pressure ulcers.

PURPOSE: Wound healing, the epidemiology and staging of pressure ulcers, and pressure ulcer prevention and treatment are discussed. SUMMARY: The principal event leading to the formation of pressure ulcers appears to be a consistent interruption in blood supply to the skin. Several known risk factors exist and can be attributed to patient-specific variables and wound-specific conditions. Initial management should include removal of the source of pressure, a comprehensive assessment of the patient, and proper staging of the ulcer. Preparation of the wound for treatment is essential and can have a significant impact on healing. While the patient's nutritional status is thought to affect wound healing, only an increased protein content in the diet has been demonstrated to have a benefit. Specialized wound dressings are available for pressure ulcers of all stages and drainage characteristics. With wide variation in cost and in application regimens, a direct cost-effectiveness comparison of commercially available dressing products is difficult. Many of the growth factors commonly present in healing wounds have been synthesized and evaluated as treatments. Although topical platelet-derived growth factor has demonstrated benefit in some studies, its use remains controversial. To date, no topical growth factors carry FDA-approved labeling for use in the treatment of pressure ulcers. Human skin equivalents mark the latest advancement in therapy. Certain species of bacteria have been associated with poorly healing ulcers and may warrant intervention with either local or systemic antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSION: No pharmacologic intervention has been conclusively shown to be effective for pressure ulcers. The cornerstones of therapy remain elimination of the source of pressure or friction and appropriate wound care. usa.
The Control Nature of Spontaneous Network Politics Mobilization

The spontaneous network politics mobilization brings great challenge to control ability of government,the internet also brings many beneficial factors for the government to control the spontaneous network politics mobilization,the government should make full use of these factors to reinforce the control of the spontaneous network politics mobilization and improve the ability of cyber controlling so as to advance the steady progress of the politics and society
Study on Absorption Kinetics of Phenolic Alkaloids from Menispermum Dauricum in Rats' Intestines

Objective To study the absorption of phenolic alkaloids from Menispermum Dauricum(PAMD) by rats' intestines.Methods Absorption kinetics was investigated by intestinal perfusion in vivo in rats.The effects of absorption site,pH value and drug concentration on PAMD absorption were studied.Results The absorption rate constant(Ka) of PAMD was ileumjejunum≈duodenum,in an order from highest to lowest.The concentration of PAMD had no significant effect on Ka.Ka was significantly different at pH value of 5.4,6.8 and 7.8,respectively(P0.05).Conclusion PAMD is absorbed at all segments of intestine in rats,but the best absorption occurs in ileum;the absorption pathway of PAMD was passive diffusion,and the Ka of PAMD increases as the pH of intestinal solution increases.
Digital Subtraction Angiography for Postoperative Evaluation of Renal Arterial Reconstruction

Digital subtraction angiography after peripheral intravenous injection of contrast material is a new method to evaluate the cardiovascular system. Digital subtraction angiography was obtained postoperatively in 21 patients undergoing renal revascularization for treatment of hypertension and/or preservation of renal function. Digital subtraction angiography provided excellent visualization of the reconstructed renal arterial supply in all cases. The advantages and limitations of this technique in the evaluation of patients with renovascular disorders are discussed.
Surgery aboard ship: is it safe?

A retrospective review was performed on 684 surgical procedures done aboard U.S. Atlantic Fleet ships during a 3-year period from 1994 to 1996. These procedures were compared with similar procedures performed at the Naval Medical Center in Portsmouth, Virginia. Morbidity and mortality rates were calculated and compared. A very low morbidity rate (0.43%) was reported for surgical procedures performed while deployed compared with 1.69% for procedures at the Naval Medical Center. One mortality was reported. These extremely low rates are felt to be attributable to multiple causes, including a highly selected, healthy patient population, performance of only low-risk procedures, early presentation of surgical problems, and early medical evacuation of patients with complex medical and surgical problems. We feel that elective surgical procedures such as vasectomy, circumcision, inguinal hernia repair, and hemorrhoidectomy can be performed safely aboard ship. This would increase the training opportunity for all members of the medical department and at the same time decrease the costs and risks associated with medical evacuation.
Agronomic problems related to provitamin A carotenoid-rich plants.

OBJECTIVES Review how agricultural systems might be changed to increase the vitamin A density of diets in developing countries to provide sustainable solutions to vitamin A deficiency globally. DESIGN Develop agricultural systems that not only assure calorie adequacy for people, but also address vitamin A density in diets. SETTINGS Agricultural systems could be modified in some developing nations in ways that would provide adequate dietary amounts of provitamin A carotenoids from plant food sources. SUBJECTS Infants and children of low-income families are most at risk of developing vitamin A deficiency in developing countries. INTERVENTIONS Cropping systems could be modified to include more vegetable and fruit crops containing higher bioavailable amounts of provitamin A carotenoids in some countries. Additionally, cultural practices could be modified through education, agricultural extension and/or social marketing to insure that the bioavailable provitamin A carotenoid levels in food crops are optimized. Staple food crops could be improved as sources of provitamin A carotenoids by traditional plant breeding and/or by genetic engineering efforts. RESULTS Currently, many techniques are available to increase the vitamin A content of diets through sustainable food-based approaches. Agricultural approaches should be examined closely to finding sustainable food-based system solutions to vitamin A deficiency globally. CONCLUSIONS The world community should strive to find food-based system approaches to eliminating vitamin A deficiency. Modifying agricultural systems in ways that will not only maximizing food production, but also insure nutritional adequacy of vitamin A is a desirable goal for many developing countries.
Effect of the Breathing Methods in Accordance with Surfaces during Bridging Exercises

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of stable and unstable surfaces on abdominal muscle thickness and changes in trunk muscle thickness in accordance with breathing methods during bridging exercises. METHODS: Bridging exercise on a stable surface, bridging exercise on an unstable surface, bridging exercise using a drawing-in maneuver on a stable surface, bridging exercise using a drawing-in maneuver on an unstable surface, bridging exercise using bracing on a stable surface, bridging exercise using bracing on an unstable surface. In sequence, the muscles` thickness was measured three times before and after each exercise, and the measured value was averaged. RESULTS: There were significant differences in internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles` thickness in the drawing-in maneuver in both stable and unstable surface (p
Domestic Violence Offender Treatment and Multidisciplinary Treatment Teams: The Role of "Treatment" Victim Advocates.

In Colorado, “treatment victim advocates” (TVAs) serve alongside providers and probation/parole officers on “multidisciplinary treatment teams” (MTTs) to oversee domestic violence offender’s treatment. Although this model provides an opportunity for victim safety concerns to be heard, the utility of using victim advocates as advisors regarding interventions for domestic violence offenders has yet to be studied. Using survey data and narrative responses from TVAs (N = 37), the current study examines the challenges and opportunities TVAs face while serving on MTTs. Results suggest that, overall, TVAs are successful in communicating with other members of the MTT, are confident that their perspectives are valued in the offender decision-making process, and are able to provide a wide variety of services and referrals to the victims with whom they are engaged. Implications and recommendations for the Colorado model as well as correctional professionals managing domestic violence offenders internationally are pr...
Glycopeptides and Other Agents Used to Treat Gram-Positive Cocci

Glycopeptide antibiotics are a class of agents, composed of glycosylated cyclic or polycyclic peptides. Clinically useful glycopeptides include vancomycin, teicoplanin, dalavancin, and telavancin.
Emission pathway switching by solvent polarity: Facile synthesis of benzofuran-bipyridine derivatives and turn-on fluorescence probe for zinc ions

Bipyridine attached benzofuran derivatives were prepared by the cyclization of alkyne ortho-substituted phenols. Electronically different substituents, N,N-dibutylamino vs tert-butyl group, were attached on benzofuran rings. Depending on the polarity and pH of solvent environment, N,N-dialkylamino group participates in two distinctively different roles in emissive properties, i.e., ICT-type and PET-type behaviors. Upon capturing lone-pair electrons of N,N-dialkylamino groups by protonation, ratiometric blue-shift and complete turn-on behaviors were observed in THF and MeCN solution, respectively. Such peculiar behavior was further utilized to show turn-on sensing of zinc ions.
If You Don't Know, Ask! Using Expert Knowledge to Determine What Content Is Needed in an Undergraduate Food Quality Management and Control Course

Quality management and quality control of food products are critical to producing food that is safe to consume and has consistent quality and sensory attributes. The extent to which undergraduate students are equipped with competencies in quality management/control, in theory, has a direct connection with their career potential to ensure food products and/or services meet the expectations of consumers and society. However, the most important quality management/control competencies for undergraduate food science students have yet to be identified. The objective of this study was to determine key knowledge and skills in quality management/control needed by food science graduates. A modified Delphi method was used to gather consensus on these knowledge and skills from experts in food quality management/control. Surveys were used to establish a framework of the most relevant quality management/control concepts for undergraduate food science students to learn and organize these concepts into core domains according to their relative importance. A course outline for teaching an undergraduate course on food quality management/control was developed that detailed relevant topics and depth of coverage for each of these topics. The needs assessment method used in this study to align course content with food industry's needs may be used for a wide variety of course topics.
Current status and future prospects for the PVMaT project

The goals of the Photovoltaic Manufacturing Technology project (PVMaT) are to help the US PV industry improve photovoltaic manufacturing processes and equipment; accelerate manufacturing cost reductions for PV modules, balance-of-systems components, and integrated systems; increase commercial product performance and reliability; and enhance the investment opportunities for substantial scale-ups of US-based PV manufacturing plant capacities. PVMaT is in its ninth year of implementation, and subcontracts have been completed from four solicitations for R and D on manufacturing process problems. They are in the second year of subcontracts for a fifth PVMaT solicitation. Based on the latest (1998) data from ten PVMaT industrial participants, the average direct manufacturing cost for these producers has been reduced by 29%--from $4.08 to $2.91 per peak watt since 1992--and there has also been a more than five-fold increase in manufacturing capacity-from 13.1 to 73.3 megawatts. The authors believe that continuing R and D on manufacturing processes contributes significantly to expeditious reductions in PV manufacturing costs, and they identify areas for future R and D.
A Comparison of Fish Community Structure at Mesophotic Artificial Reefs and Natural Banks in the Western Gulf of Mexico

AbstractOil and gas platforms along the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) shelf have served as artificial reefs since oil and gas exploration intensified in the 1950s. As these structures are decommissioned, they must be removed; however, some are converted to permanent artificial reefs. Despite the potential effects these artificial habitats may have on marine fisheries, investigations that assess the fish communities inhabiting these structures relative to natural habitats are rare. During fall 2012, we used remotely operated vehicle surveys to compare fish communities between artificial reefs (i.e., reefed platforms; n = 5) and adjacent natural banks (n = 5) in the western GOM. Our surveys successfully documented 79 species representing 28 families. Multivariate analyses suggested that fish communities at artificial reefs were distinct from those at natural banks. Post hoc analyses indicated that the differences were driven by high abundances of transient, midwater pelagics and other gregarious species...
An approach for estimating the largest probable tsunami from far-field subduction zone earthquakes

Following the recent unexpected earthquake events of 2004 and 2011, it can be cautiously extrapolated that all major subduction zones bearing the capacity to produce mega-earthquake events will eventually do so given enough time, irrespective of the lack of such in the relatively short historical record. This notion has led to an effort of assigning maximum earthquake magnitudes to all major subduction zones, either based on geological constraints or based on size–frequency relations, or a combination of both. In this study, we utilize the proposed maximum magnitudes to assess tsunami hazard in Central California in the very long return periods. We also assessed tsunami hazard following an alternative methodology to calculate maximum magnitudes, which uses scaling relations for subduction zone earthquakes and maximum fault rupture scenarios found in literature. A sensitivity analysis is performed for Central California that is applicable to any coastal site in the Pacific Rim and can readily provide a strong indication for which subduction zones beam the most energy toward a study area. The maximum earthquake scenarios are then narrowed down to a few candidates, for which the initial conditions are examined in more detail. The chosen worst-case scenarios for Central California stem from the Alaska–Aleutian subduction zone that beams more energy and generates the biggest amplitude waves toward the study area. The largest tsunami scenario produces maximum free surface elevations of 15 m and run-up heights greater than 20 m.
Forging and sustaining research-minded professionals: teaching undergraduate research through student-community partnerships

The teaching of research is a well-established core component of social work curricula around the world. While educators in social work recognize the value, and need for research they have encounte...
Strategic Bidding for Multiple Units in Simultaneous and Sequential Auctions

A buyer in an electronic marketplace may be interested in buying a bundle of items, where any one item in the bundle may not be of particular interest. The emergence of online auctions allow such users to obtain bundles by bidding on different simultaneous or sequentially run auctions. Because the number of auctions and the number of combinations to form the bundles may be large, the bundle bidding problem becomes intractable and the user is likely to make sub-optimal decision given time constraints and information overload. We believe that an automated agent that takes user preferences and budgetary constraints and can strategically bid on behalf of a user can significantly enhance user profit and satisfaction. Our first step to developing such an agent is to consider bundles containing many units of a single item to be bought from auctions that sell only multiple units of one item type. We assume that users obtain goods over several days. Expectations of auctions and their outcome in the future allow the agent to bid strategically on currently open auctions. We present an expected utility based strategy to decide how many items to bid for in the current auctions, and the maximum price to bid for each item. We evaluate our proposed strategy in different configurations by varying the number of items sold per auction, number of concurrently running auctions, expected closing prices, etc. We simulate several multiple unit English auctions per day, over multiple days, where most of the bidders bid their true utilities drawn from a distribution. The strategic bidding agent has knowledge of this distribution and uses it to determine its bids. A strategic agent who looks farther ahead into the future produces larger returns when there are few strategic bidders. We also evaluate the effect of risk attitudes on the relative performance of the bidders.
Theory of Viscous Fluids

Viscous fluids as compared with ideal fluids can be characterized by two properties:(1) when a viscous fluid flows along a wall it will adhere to the wall, i.e., the layer of fluid in immediate contact with the wall has no velocity relative to it, (see Goldstein, vol. II, Appendix); (2) whenever the fluid particles are distorted, shearing stresses arise.
Using the PML ABC for Air/Soil Wave Interaction Modeling in the Time and Frequency Domains

The Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) and absorbing boundary condition (ABC) is applied to two-dimensional Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) simulations of wave interactions with a two-layer air and soil geometry. Since the soil medium is lossy and dispersive, modeling of wave propagation and scattering is significantly more difficult than for free space and pure dielectrics. In addition, specifying an ABC which efficiently prevents reflections from both the free space termination and the adjacent soil is challenging. The theoretical basis for terminating dispersive media for both the time and frequency domains is presented, and simulation results for plane wave and point source excitations are demonstrated. For the former case, scattering is computed from a buried mine-like target. Although the absorbing characteristics of the PML for the air/soil interface are not as good as for free space, it is shown that maximum local reflections of as low as −15dB for FDTD and −50dB for FDFD are possible.
Power Transport to the Poloidal Divertor Experiment Scoop Limiter

Power transport to the Poloidal Divertor Experiment graphite scoop limiter was measured during both ohmic- and neutral-beam-heated discharges by observing its front face temperatures using an infrared camera. Measurements were made as a function of a plasma density, current, position, fueling mode, and heating power for both co- and counter-neutral beam injection. The measured thermal load on the scoop limiter was 25 to 50%. of the total plasma heating power. The measured peak front face midplane temperature was 1500/sup 0/C, corresponding to a peak surface power density of 3 kW/cm/sup 2/. This power density implies an effective parallel power flow of 54 kW/cm/sup 2/ in agreement with the radial power distribution extrapolated from television Thomson scattering and calorimetry measurements.
Discontinuous Models of Linguistic Development

In the preceding chapters we focussed on the relationship between the principles and parameters of UG and the intermediate grammars. We argued that a parameterized theory of grammar allows for a principled explanation of various properties of early language including subjectless sentences, the absence of modals and auxiliares in English, the prior acquisition of modals and auxiliaries in Italian, and word order errors in German. More generally, we argued that grammatical development is a “continuous” process in the sense that each of the intermediate grammars falls within the limits imposed by UG. This is not to say that grammars do not restructure during the course of development, nor that they are fully specified at each intermediate stage. On a continuous model, however, the restructuring which one expects is within narrowly defined limits.
Overcoming the Bronchiolitis Blues: Embracing Global Collaboration and Disease Heterogeneity

* Abbreviation: RSV — : respiratory syncytial virus Although bronchiolitis is 1 of the most common conditions in infancy, no medicine has been proven to be consistently beneficial. As a result, the primary objective of frontline providers in primary care and emergency medicine is to triage infants to the appropriate level of care (ie, home, hospital ward, or intensive care) for their hydration and respiratory needs.1 However, prospectively validated risk-stratification tools for infants with bronchiolitis do not exist for frontline providers. Freire et al,2 as part of the Pediatric Emergency Research Networks, addressed this knowledge gap by analyzing data that were collected from 38 emergency departments across the globe to develop a bronchiolitis risk score. In the resulting article,2 the authors report that the usual suspects (ie, being ≤2 months of age; having apnea; oxygen saturation of <90%; signs of increased work of breathing [including nasal flaring, grunting, and retractions]; and dehydration and/or poor feeding) were all predictive of escalated care, which is defined as hospitalization with a high-flow nasal cannula, noninvasive or invasive ventilation, or intensive care admission. Although many clinicians feel comfortable triaging infants with bronchiolitis at either … Address correspondence to Jonathan M. Mansbach, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, 9 S. 9157, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail: jonathan.mansbach{at}childrens.harvard.edu
A phase II study of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) and pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic sarcoma.

11516Background: T-VEC is an oncolytic immunotherapy derived from HSV type-1 that is modified to selectively replicate within tumors and produce GM-CSF. Pembrolizumab (P) demonstrated activity in s...
Clinical Results on Innovation in Breast Implant Design.

Summary:Breast implants have been shadowed in controversy since their introduction to the market; however, they represent a multi-million dollar industry and play a critical role both for cosmetic augmentation and enhancement and for reconstruction following treatment for cancer. With advancements i
Fluoroolefin peptide isosteres - tools for controlling peptide conformations

Abstract Fluoroolefin dipeptide isosteres were synthesized applying the Peterson reaction as a novel method for fluoroolefination. The dipeptide isosteres were elaborated to provide the conformationally constrained analogs ( 1 -( R ), 1 -( S ) and 2 -( R ), 2 -( S )) of the Suc-Ala-Gly-Pro-Phe-pNA tetrapeptide, a synthetic substate of cyclophilin.
Minority Report: Cyberbullying Prediction on Instagram

Introduction. Cyberbullying, as a form of abusive online behavior, although not well-defined, is a repetitive process, i.e., a sequence of harassing messages sent from a bully to a victim over a period of time with the intent to harm the victim. Numerous automated, data-driven approaches have been developed for the automatic classification of cyberbullying instances, with emphasis on classification accuracy. While the importance of highly accurate classifiers is undoubted, a key pitfall of existing cyberbullying detection methods is that (i) they disregard the repetitive nature of the harassing process, and (ii) they work retrospectively (i.e., after a cyberbullying incident has occurred), making it difficult to intervene before an interaction escalates. Motivated by the scarcity of methods to anticipate cyberbullying, we focus on cyberbullying prediction with the goal of reducing the time from detection to intervention. Methods. We formulate the prediction of the number of harassing comments a media session will receive over a period of time as a regularized multi-task regression problem. In our formulation, we consider two settings where (i) the progression of cyberbullying behavior from some time point in the near future to subsequent time points further into the future is modeled given limited knowledge of the recent past, and (ii) increasingly more historical data is accumulated to improve prediction accuracy. To validate our approach, we conduct an extensive experimental evaluation on a real-world dataset from Instagram, the online social media platform with the highest percentage of users reporting experiencing cyberbullying. Results. Intuitively, the larger the number of observed comments in the recent past of a media session, the better the predictive power of our approach. The downside to using more historical data is that decisions must be postponed until more comments are collected. Therefore, the trade-off between accuracy and decision speed is examined. In general, our approach outperforms competing approaches by up to 31.4% and 46.2% in Recall and Mathew correlation coefficient respectively. Discussion. Our approach can be used to effectively prioritize media sessions for increased monitoring as time goes by or for immediate intervention before a conversation escalates. In future work, we plan to incorporate additional features and investigate the generalizability of our approach on other key social networking venues where users frequently become victims of cyberbullying. Beyond cyberbullying prediction, our work is, to the best of our knowledge, the first to provide insights on the forecasting performance of multi-task regression as a function of the prediction horizon and the length of available historical data. We thus believe that our work can serve as a reference point on the forecasting performance of multi-task regression both for researchers and practitioners.
“Purchase survey” of respiratory protective equipment as a follow-up on the national certification system in Japan

Since respiratory protective equipment (RPE) are essential for the workers who are occupationally exposed to harmful airborne substances, it is necessary to complete a strict certification test on RPE. In Japan, Technology Institution of Industrial Safety (TIIS) is responsible for the RPE certification and examines the RPE submitted by the manufactures to make an admission decision with the national standards. However, the certification system cannot ensure the quality of the RPE after the shipping because some RPE may deteriorate during the distribution process or the storage period at retail stores. In this article, the author aimed to introduce the follow-up system on national RPE certification in Japan and the role of the follow-up survey committee established by TIIS.
The synthesis of methionine by enzymic transmethylation. III. Mechanism of the reversible polymerization of thetin-homocysteine methylpherase and its relation to the mechanism of methionine synthesis.

Abstract 1. 1. Purified horse liver thetin-homocysteine methylpherase undergoes a reversible polymerization reaction in addition to catalyzing the synthesis of methionine by transmethylation from dimethylthetin and homocysteine. 2. 2. The mechanism of the 2 reactions has been investigated in a variety of ways. 3. 3. The reversible polymerization appears to be due to the formation and cleavage of intermolecular disulfide bonds. Separate sites of the protein molecule seem to be involved in the polymerization and the transmethylation reactions. 4. 4. There is no evidence to suggest that a methylated enzyme functions as an intermediate in the transmethylation reaction.
Building the Field of Higher Education Engagement: Foundational Ideas and Future Directions

In order to fulfill the democratic purposes of higher education, higher education leaders, scholars, and practitioners must engage with our communities. The recent edited book, Building the Field o...
A Resistant Case of Familial Nonsexual Transmission of Trichomonas.

Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan responsible for the most prevalent sexually transmitted nonviral disease worldwide. This is a case report of probable grandmother to granddaughter nonsexual transmission of trichomonas. The granddaughter had no prior sexual contact for the last 11 years. The patient presented for a follow-up of urinary tract infection diagnosed at her neurologist's office. On review, it was noticed that the urinalysis microscopy revealed trichomonas. History-taking revealed no usual sexual exposure, but subsequent investigation revealed probable exposure from her grandmother. Furthermore, typical single-dose treatment followed by typical seven-day treatment was ineffective. High-dose metronidazole for seven days was required for treatment. While nonsexual transmission of trichomonas is rare, there have been numerous case reports and studies showing that it does occur. The subsequent presented case highlights the need to broaden the search for contacts beyond sexual transmission. Also, resistance to usual treatment, as seen in this case, is seldom encountered, but it could have been caused by repeated treatment and re-exposure to the unusual source.
Psychotherapy Solutions in the Medical Setting

Consultation-Liaison psychiatrists are often faced with helping their patients cope with difficult medical problems. Solution-oriented psychotherapeutic techniques provide brief interventions that consulting psychiatrists can effectively employ. These solutions provide “skeleton key” that can be used in a broad patient population. These solutions include reframing, projection of the problem, role reversal, clarifying the meaning of the medical illness, and face-saving techniques. This paper examines these interventions and gives case examples of each.