cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Looplure efficacy and electrophysiological responses in three plusiinae species.

Source concentration differences of (Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol acetate, or looplure, were evaluated for field trapping efficiency and electrophysiological responses with malePseudoplusia includens (Walker),Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) andRachiplusia ou (Guenne) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sticky traps baited with 1000 μg of the lure captured a significantly greater (P < 0.05) number of maleP. includens andT. ni than any other concentration;R. ou males were caught at a greater rate in traps baited with 100 μg of looplure, significantly more (P < 0.05) than with 1000 μg. Electroantennogram (EAG) studies demonstrated that antennae of maleP. includens have a lower response threshold to looplure than eitherT. ni orR. ou antennae, the latter demonstrating the highest significant threshold of response. No differences in the stimulus-response functions of the three species were detected.
FDTD Modeling of Realistic Microwave Sintering Experiments

Computer modeling and numerical simulation provide a valuable tool for providing guidelines towards a successful routine experimentation with microwave sintering of ceramics. It is also expected that continued efforts in numerical simulation will lead to establishing procedures for the scale up and commercial utilization of this new technology. In this paper, we utilize the FDTD technique to model sintering ceramics in multimode microwave cavities. The role of using process stimulus such as SiC rods on improving the uniformity of the microwave sintering process are also simulated. To help experimentally validate the obtained results, the FDTD electromagnetic power deposition results were combined with a 3D heat transfer program to calculate temperature distribution in samples and surrounding insulation. Results from the FDTD codes and comparisons with experimental measurements of sintering experiments are presented. To improve the efficiency of the simulation and achieve more accurate results, we developed a variable mesh FDTD code to help focus the numerical results and hence improve the resolution in critical sites inside the sintering oven. Detailed solution procedures are described. We solved some test geometries with the uniform grid and the developed variable mesh codes and compared the obtained results to validate and check the accuracy of the solution procedure. Results from these comparisons are presented.
Quadratically constrained linear-quadratic optimization of linear output feedback: a linear matrix inequalities approach

In this paper, it is shown how a special nonconvex constrained optimization problem-the linear-quadratic optimal output feedback control problem with finite number of quadratic constraints-can be reduced to minimization of a linear functional on a set of all solutions of a system of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed approach simplifies the existing frequency-domain techniques for solving this problem, and can be effectively used in loopshaping procedures.
Subjective reasoning—solutions

Abstract The subjective framework is used to characterize the reasoning leading to an equilibrium refinement based on sequential rationality and Nash equilibrium in dynamic games. Equilibria based on sequential rationality require different reasoning on and off the equilibrium path for such solutions to emerge, or need arbitrary rules for reasoning depending on which game is played. We suggest a solution concept termed the “reasonable solution” based on maximization of confidence in rationality, equal treatment of the reasoning procedure at every decision point, confidence of this symmetry in the method of reasoning about others, and the use of the same reasoning principle by the modeler and the players. While not an equilibrium refinement, this concept generalizes the backward induction solution.
An Operator-Theoretic Existence Proof of Solutions to Planar Dirichlét Problems

By using some elementary techniques from operator theory, we prove constructively prove the existence of solutions to Dirichlet problems for planar Jordan domains with at least two boundary curves. An iterative method is thus obtained, and explicit bounds on the error in the resulting approximations are given. Finally, a closed form for the solution is given. No amount of differentiability of the boundary is assumed.
Role of Tumour Cell Eicosanoids and Membrane Glycoproteins IRGPIb and IRGPIIb/IIIa in Metastasis

Eicosanoids are a group of oxygenated arachidonic acid metabolites which include Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, lipoxins, and various hydroperoxy and hydroxy fatty acids. Eicosanoids are implicated in diverse cellular functions such as Chemotaxis, proliferation, cell-cell signaling etc. The first committed step in the biosynthesis of each of the eicosanoids, the incorporation of molecular oxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids, is catalyzed by one of a group of enzymes calles fatty acid oxygenases. This group includes the cyclooxygenase (COX) of Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGH) and various lipoxygenases (LOX).
The application of animal signaling theory to human phenomena: some thoughts and clarifications

Animal signaling theory has recently become popular among anthropologists as a way to study human communication. One aspect of animal signaling theory, often known as costly signaling or handicap theory, has been used particularly often. This article makes four points regarding these developments: (1) signaling theory is broader than existing studies may make it seem; (2) costly signaling theory has roots in the social as well as the biological sciences; (3) not all honest signals are costly and not all costs borne by signalers serve to ensure honesty; and (4) hard-to-fake signals are favored when the interests of broad categories of signalers and receivers conflict but the interests of individual signalers and receivers converge.
Don Harrán. Salamone Rossi: Jewish Musician in Late Renaissance Mantua. Oxford Monographs on Music. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. x, 310 pp.

Salamone Rossi (c. 1570–c. 1630) is a fascinating but enigmatic figure. The man who epitomizes the Jewish participation in the Italian Renaissance left only a few meager footprints in history. We know of Rossi only from his thirteen surviving publications and from the appearance of his name in the Mantuan archives. He was all but forgotten until 1876, when Samuel Naumbourg, Chief Cantor of Paris, published a modern edition of fifty-two of Rossi's compositions. For yet another hundred years Rossi would remain for the most part hidden in the shadows. Not until the past four decades has Rossi's music been extensively and seriously published, performed, recorded, and studied.
Brokered collaborative infrastructure for CSCW

We demonstrate the advantages of a distributed collaborative system for CSCW and highlight the requirements of brokered support for such a system. We also demonstrate how we have augmented the infrastructure of a prototype CSCW environment called SHASTRA to accommodate brokered collaboration. Several applications and possible scenarios of CSCW with brokered cooperative system are also presented. We describe how brokers can be used to exploit plurality and commonality of tasks in a cooperative setting, improving performance for the entire system.
The Role of OTS Density on Pentacene and C60 Nucleation, Thin Film Growth, and Transistor Performance

In organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), charge transport occurs in the first few monolayers of the semiconductor near the semiconductor/dielectric interface. Previous work has investigated the roles of dielectric surface energy, roughness, and chemical functionality on performance. However, large discrepancies in performance, even with apparently identical surface treatments,indicate that additionalsurface parametersmust beidentified and controlled in order to optimize OTFTs. Here, a crystalline, dense octadecylsilane (OTS) surface modification layer is found that promotes twodimensional semiconductor growth. Higher mobility is consistently achieved for films deposited on crystalline OTS compared to on disordered OTS, with mobilities as high as 5.3 and 2.3cm 2 V � 1 s � 1 for C60 and pentacene, respectively. This is a significant step toward morphological control of organic semiconductors which is directly linked to their thin film charge carrier transport.
Using Shared Memory to Accelerate MapReduce on Graphics Processing Units

Modern General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) provide high degrees of parallelism in computation and memory access, making them suitable for data parallel applications such as those using the elastic MapReduce model. Yet designing a MapReduce framework for GPUs faces significant challenges brought by their multi-level memory hierarchy. Due to the absence of atomic operations in the earlier generations of GPUs, existing GPU MapReduce frameworks have problems in handling input/output data with varied or unpredictable sizes. Also, existing frameworks utilize mostly a single level of memory, \emph{i.e.}, the relatively spacious yet slow global memory. In this work, we attempt to explore the potential benefit of enabling a GPU MapReduce framework to use multiple levels of the GPU memory hierarchy. We propose a novel GPU data staging scheme for MapReduce workloads, tailored toward the GPU memory hierarchy. Centering around the efficient utilization of the fast but very small shared memory, we designed and implemented a GPU MapReduce framework, whose key techniques include (1) shared memory staging area management, (2) thread-role partitioning, and (3) intra-block thread synchronization. We carried out evaluation with five popular MapReduce workloads and studied their performance under different GPU memory usage choices. Our results reveal that exploiting GPU shared memory is highly promising for the Map phase (with an average 2.85x speedup over using global memory only), while in the Reduce phase the benefit of using shared memory is much less pronounced, due to the high input-to-output ratio. In addition, when compared to Mars, an existing GPU MapReduce framework, our system is shown to bring a significant speedup in Map/Reduce phases.
Lokahitavadi and V. K. Chiplunkar: Spokesmen of Change in Nineteenth-Century Maharashtra

Gopal Hari Deshmukh, popularly known by his pen name of Lokahitasvadi, and Vishnu Krishna Chiplunkar were two of the most prominent public figures in nineteenth-century Maharashtra. It is customary for both Indian and Western scholars to link them with literary and nationalist movements. Yet no effort has been made so far to assess their contribution by means of a survey of their work.
New World States and Empires: Economic and Social Organization

We take a critical perspective in discussing recent publications on the archaeological study of the ancient state-level societies of Latin America. For some topics, such as intensive agriculture and exchange, data are far ahead of theory, whereas for others (e.g., gender and ethnicity), theory has outstripped data. Craft production, a topic that has achieved a good balance of data and theory, is one of the success stories of recent Latin American archaeology. After a discussion of sources of data, we review these and other topics (e.g., consumption patterns, household studies, social organization) in terms of both data and theory. In a second review article, we cover the topics of politics, religion, urbanism, and the processes of change.
Comparison of physician-, biomarker-, and symptom-based strategies for adjustment of inhaled corticosteroid therapy in adults with asthma: the BASALT randomized controlled trial.

Context No consensus exists for adjusting inhaled corticosteroid therapy in patients with asthma. Approaches include adjustment at outpatient visits guided by physician assessment of asthma control (symptoms, rescue therapy, pulmonary function), based on exhaled nitric oxide, or on a day-to-day basis guided by symptoms. Objective To determine if adjustment of inhaled corticosteroid therapy based on exhaled nitric oxide or day-to-day symptoms is superior to guideline-informed, physician assessment–based adjustment in preventing treatment failure in adults with mild to moderate asthma. Design, Setting, and Participants A randomized, parallel, 3-group, placebo-controlled, multiply-blinded trial of 342 adults with mild to moderate asthma controlled by low-dose inhaled corticosteroid therapy (n = 114 assigned to physician assessment–based adjustment [101 completed], n = 115 to biomarker-based [exhaled nitric oxide] adjustment [92 completed], and n = 113 to symptom-based adjustment [97 completed]), the Best Adjustment Strategy for Asthma in the Long Term (BASALT) trial was conducted by the Asthma Clinical Research Network at 10 academic medical centers in the United States for 9 months between June 2007 and July 2010. Interventions For physician assessment–based adjustment and biomarker-based (exhaled nitric oxide) adjustment, the dose of inhaled corticosteroids was adjusted every 6 weeks; for symptom-based adjustment, inhaled corticosteroids were taken with each albuterol rescue use. Main Outcome Measure The primary outcome was time to treatment failure. Results There were no significant differences in time to treatment failure. The 9-month Kaplan-Meier failure rates were 22% (97.5% CI, 14%-33%; 24 events) for physician assessment–based adjustment, 20% (97.5% CI, 13%-30%; 21 events) for biomarker-based adjustment, and 15% (97.5% CI, 9%-25%; 16 events) for symptom-based adjustment. The hazard ratio for physician assessment–based adjustment vs biomarker-based adjustment was 1.2 (97.5% CI, 0.6-2.3). The hazard ratio for physician assessment–based adjustment vs symptom-based adjustment was 1.6 (97.5% CI, 0.8-3.3). Conclusion Among adults with mild to moderate persistent asthma controlled with low-dose inhaled corticosteroid therapy, the use of either biomarker-based or symptom-based adjustment of inhaled corticosteroids was not superior to physician assessment–based adjustment of inhaled corticosteroids in time to treatment failure. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00495157
When Chronic Isn't Chronic: The Moderating Role of Active Self-Aspects

The current work considered how self-concept organization moderates the consequences of chronic attributes, which are widely assumed to be always accessible and influential. In Study 1, the accessibility of participants' chronic attributes was assessed before and after activating a self-aspect that was either relevant or irrelevant to participants' chronic attributes. Results showed that chronic attributes were more accessible when they were relevant to a participant's active self-aspect than when they were irrelevant to it. In Study 2, participants read ambiguous behaviors performed by others, some of which could be interpreted in line with their own chronic attribute or an alternative attribute. Participants were more likely to interpret behaviors as consistent with their own chronic attributes, but only when a relevant self-aspect had been previously activated. These studies suggest that chronicity can be moderated by self-aspect activation, consistent with the perspective that the self consists of mul...
Effective Intervention with Urban Secondary English Language Learners: How Peer Instructors Support Learning.

The Peer Enabled Restructured Classroom (PERC) program is a peer-teaching model developed by the Math and Science Partnership in New York City (MSPinNYC) to help underachieving and historically at-risk urban students succeed in math and science courses. Although preliminary success of this program has been substantial, there has not been a consistent investigation of the model's impact with participating ELL/F-ELLs. The focus of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the model with ELL/F-ELLs in a five-week summer program. Although peer-instructors received a three-day orientation and daily seminars, they were not specifically trained in ELL/F-ELL strategies. Questions investigated in this study were: Do bilingual TAS make use of the approaches, behaviors, and strategies that are consistent with the research on second language and content learning? Does the use of the native language by the bilingual TAS, those with linguistic abilities to clarify information, to answer questions and to promote hi...
Types of Lexical Information

A lexicon viewed as part of the apparatus of a generative grammar must make accessible to its users, for each lexical item, (i) the nature of the deep-structure syntactic environments into which the item may be inserted; (ii) the properties of the item to which the rules of grammar are sensitive; (iii) for an item that can be used as a ‘predicate’, the number of ‘arguments’ that it conceptually requires; (iv) the role(s) which each argument plays in the situation which the item, as predicate, can be used to indicate; (v) the presuppositions or ‘happiness conditions’ for the use of the item, the conditions which must be satisfied in order for the item to be used ‘aptly’; (vi) the nature of the conceptual or morphological relatedness of the item to other items in the lexicon; (vii) its meaning; and (viii) the phonological or orthographic shapes which the item assumes under given grammatical conditions.
An Energy-Efficient Distributed Algorithm for Minimum-Latency Aggregation Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks

Data aggregation is an essential yet time-consuming task in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper studies the well-known Minimum-Latency Aggregation Schedule (MLAS) problem and proposes an energy-efficient distributed scheduling algorithm named Clu-DDAS based on a novel cluster-based aggregation tree. Our approach differs from all the previous schemes where Connected Dominating Sets or Maximal Independent Sets are employed. We prove that Clu-DDAS has a latency bound of 4R′ + 2Delta − 2, where Delta is the maximum degree and R′ is the inferior network radius which is smaller than the network radius R. Clu-DDAS has comparable latency as the previously best centralized algorithm E-PAS, while Clu-DDAS consumes 78% less energy as shown by the simulation results. Clu-DDAS outperforms the previously best distributed algorithm DAS whose latency bound is 16R′ + Delta − 14 on both latency and energy consumption. On average, Clu-DDAS transmits 67% fewer total messages than DAS does. We also propose an adaptive strategy for updating the schedule to accommodate dynamic network topology.
Victim Services, Community Outreach, and Contemporary Rape Crisis Centers A Comparison of Independent and Multiservice Centers

To evaluate proposals that independent rape crisis centers (SA) merge or add services, this article compares victim services and community outreach efforts of 16 North Carolina rape crisis centers: 8 SAs and 8 multiservice centers. The data raise serious questions about the ability of combined domestic violence/sexual assault(DV/SA) programs to reach sexual assault victims, to educate the community about sexual assault, and to work on rape prevention. DV/SA heard from far fewer sexual assault victims, including teenagers; did not routinely receive requests for hospital advocates; and did not provide systematic community education. SAs inform the community about sexual assault and develop strategies to change its knowledge and behaviors. SAs promoted inclusive definitions of sexual assault, incorporated cultural concerns in assessing their services and outreach, and initiated community education programs targeted at young people and males.
Generation of hair cells in neonatal mice by β-catenin overexpression in Lgr5-positive cochlear progenitors

Mammalian hair cells do not regenerate, and their loss is a major cause of deafness. We recently identified leucine-rich repeat containing, G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5)-expressing cochlear supporting cells with the capacity for self-renewal and hair cell differentiation in vitro. We found that these cells, a subset of cochlear supporting cells, were responsive to Wnt signaling. Here we asked whether these Lgr5-positive cells, despite their lack of contribution to hair cell replacement after degenerative loss, could be driven by forced expression of β-catenin to act as hair cell progenitors in vivo. We showed that forced stabilization of β-catenin in supporting cells in neonatal animals resulted in proliferation of supporting cells and generation of hair cells. Although β-catenin expression was increased by genetic means in all supporting cells, entry to the cell cycle and differentiation to hair cells of the normally postmitotic cells was restricted to the Lgr5-positive population. Our finding suggests that Wnt/β-catenin can drive Lgr5-positive cells to act as hair cell progenitors, even after their exit from the cell cycle and apparent establishment of cell fate.
Structural biology: Arresting developments in receptor signalling

The first crystal structure of a G-protein-coupled receptor in complex with an arrestin protein provides insight into how the signalling pathways activated by these receptors are switched off through desensitization. See Article p.561 The ubiquitous signalling proteins known as G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) signal primarily through G proteins or arrestins, and they are targets of one-third of the current clinically used drugs. This paper presents the first crystal structure of a GPCR bound to arrestin — an active form of human rhodopsin bound to a pre-activated form of the mouse visual arrestin-1 — based on X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy, pulsed EPR spectroscopy and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Comparison of the structure to those of the G-protein-bound β2AR and the GαCT-bound rhodopsin reveal unique structural features that may constitute essential elements for arrestin-biased signalling.
Physical Activity Participation by Presence and Type of Functional Deficits in Older Women: The Women's Health and Aging Studies

BACKGROUND Physical activity is important for maintaining functional independence of older persons, especially for those with existing functional deficits. Since such deficits may pose barriers to activity, it would be instructive to examine activity patterns in relation to specific types of deficits to determine the amount and type of physical activity older women pursue. This study sought to identify categories of functional deficits associated with activity levels and evaluated the potential for older women to increase their physical activity levels. METHODS Community-dwelling women, aged 70-79 years, from the Women's Health and Aging Studies I and II (N = 710), were assessed for self-reported physical activity, functional deficits and chronic conditions, along with objective measures of muscle strength. Both type (household chores, exercise, and recreational activity) and amount of physical activity (min/wk) were examined. Meeting physical activity recommendations was defined as > or =150 minutes per week of moderate intensity physical activity, and inactivity was defined as no weekly moderate intensity physical activity. Hierarchical categories of functional deficits were based on self-reported difficulty in four functional domains (i.e., mobility/exercise tolerance, upper extremity, higher functioning, and self-care), and self-reports ranged from no difficulty to difficulty in all four domains. RESULTS The prevalence of inactivity and meeting activity recommendations were 14.4% and 12.7%, respectively. Severity of functional deficits was associated with increased risk of inactivity (adjusted odds ratios [ORs(adj)] = 3.14-17.61) and reduced likelihood of meeting activity recommendations (ORs(adj) =.11-.40). Even among those with higher functioning or self-care difficulties, 30% reported walking for exercise. CONCLUSION There was evidence that older women with functional deficits can remain physically active. However, for some of these women, meeting the recommended levels of activity may be unrealistic. Efforts to increase physical activity levels among older adults should include treatment or management of functional deficits, chronic conditions, and poor strength.
Analytic properties of the longitudinal beam transfer function

The frequency dependence of the longitudinal beam transfer function (BTF) in a storage ring, when expressed in a basis of azimuthal harmonics of the line density, is the Fourier transform of a causal function that depends on the radio-frequency potential well in which the bunch moves. The effect of all synchrotron harmonics are included in this function, which is derived from Krinsky and Wang's expression for the BTF expressed in the same basis (S. Krinsky and J.-M. Wang, Part. Accel. 17, 109-139 (1985)). Analytic properties of the terms of the BTF expressed in a series of synchrotron harmonics, which are approximately Shaposhnikova's BTF matrix elements (E. Shaposhnikova, CERN Report No. SL-94-19-RF (1994)), are studied through the large-argument asymptotics of corresponding causal functions.
Gas Turbine Engine Behavioral Modeling

This paper develops and validates a power flow behavioral model of a gas turbine engine (GTE) composed of a gas generator and free power turbine. The behavioral model is suitable for supervisory level (optimal) controller development of the engine itself or of electrical power systems containing gas-turbine-generator pairs as might be found in a naval ship or terrestrial electric utility plant. First principles engine models do not lend themselves to the supervisory level control development because of their high granularity. For the behavioral model, “simple” mathematical expressions that describe the engine's internal power flows are derived from an understanding of the engine's internal thermodynamic and mechanical interactions. These simple mathematical expressions arise from the balance of energy flow across engine components, power flow being the time derivative of energy flow. The parameter fit of the model to a specific engine such as the GE LM2500 detailed in this work utilizes constants and empirical fits of power conversion efficiencies obtained using data collected from a high-fidelity engine simulator such as the Gas Turbine Simulation Program (GSP). Transient response tests show that the two-norm normalized error between the detailed simulator model and behavioral model outputs to be 2.7% or less for a GE LM2500.
Hintergrund und Terminologie

Alter, Geschlecht, Beruf und Freizeitaktivitaten sind wichtige Faktoren, die bei jedem Patienten mit Fusschmerz berucksichtigt werden mussen. Diese Faktoren bestimmen nicht nur das Spektrum von Krankheitsbildern, das bei der Differentialdiagnose bedacht werden mus, sondern beeinflussen auch wesentlich die endgultige Behandlung. Schuhmode oder spezielle Arbeitsanforderungen sind wesentliche Faktoren, die bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Fusbeschwerden berucksichtigt werden mussen.
On my way: Optimizing driving routes for navigation applications

Conventionally, the route recommendations given by GPS navigation applications have been considered as the optimal route search problem only between two locations - origin and destination [1]. Sometimes people want to visit several intermediate locations prior to reaching their final destination. For example, travelers may want to visit a diner and a gas station before arriving at their vacation destination. Although there is likely to be many choices that are available along the route to the destination, only one place from each type should be chosen. Furthermore, in new emerging application domains, such as “physical-world crowdsourcing” [2], people may want to opportunistically visit some places in order to complete personal or work related tasks. Our work explores a design space where we try to reduce the amount of requests made to third-party map and route data providers. We explore the simple idea of using the Euclidean distance as a rough estimate for the optimal route between destinations with multiple waypoints. Our preliminary results indicate that with over 80% of test cases, this simple Euclidean distance estimator approach gives at least one optimal routing alternative.
User guidelines and best practices for CASL VUQ analysis using Dakota.

Sandia's Dakota software (available at http://dakota.sandia.gov) supports science and engineering transformation through advanced exploration of simulations. Specifically it manages and analyzes ensembles of simulations to provide broader and deeper perspective for analysts and decision makers. This enables them to enhance understanding of risk, improve products, and assess simulation credibility. This manual offers Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (LWRs) (CASL) partners a guide to conducting Dakota-based VUQ studies for CASL problems. It motivates various classes of Dakota methods and includes examples of their use on representative application problems. On reading, a CASL analyst should understand why and how to apply Dakota to a simulation problem. This SAND report constitutes the product of CASL milestone L3:VUQ.V&V.P8.01 and is also being released as a CASL unlimited release report with number CASL-U-2014-0038-000.
Structural relationships in the eastern syntaxis of the St. Elias orogen, Alaska

The eastern syntaxis in the St. Elias orogen (Alaska, USA) is one of the most complex and least understood regions within the southern Alaska coastal mountain belt. The syntaxis contains many features unique to the orogen that are essential to understanding the structural architecture and tectonic history of the collision between North America and the allochthonous Yakutat microplate. The eastern syntaxis contains the transition from transpressional structures associated with the Queen Charlotte–Fairweather fault system in the east to the Yakataga fold-and-thrust belt (YFTB) to the west. Throughout the eastern syntaxis, a prominent unconformity at the base of the synorogenic Yakataga Formation records an erosional event related to the development of the YFTB. Strain accumulations in the eastern YFTB predate the deposition of the Yakataga Formation, extending estimates for the early development of the St. Elias orogen. Structural and stratigraphic relationships in the eastern syntaxis suggest that forethrusts associated with the transpressional system shut down and were overprinted by fold-and-thrust structures in the Early to latest Miocene. Basement in the eastern syntaxis consists of the Yakutat Group, part of the Chugach accretionary complex, which is carried by numerous low-angle thrust faults in the eastern syntaxis. Exposures of basement and fault patterns within the syntaxis have implications for tectonic reconstructions of the Yakutat microplate and the geodynamics of the orogen.
Special Grain Boundaries in Alumina

A particular type of grain morphology observed in commercial polycrystalline compacts of α-alumina is discussed along with special features which have been found to be associated with this morphology. The particular feature of interest is the occurrence of grains which are referred to in this paper as being lath-like in appearance. The important features of these lath-like grains include the occurrence of faceted grain boundaries which are often associated with pores and the special geometric relationships between the grains and the surrounding matrix.
Theistic orthodoxy, theistic consubstantialism, and theistic internalism

Imagine that one of your normally clear-headed or intellectually staid colleagues one not given to bouts of metaphysical dysfunction makes (while cold sober) the following claim: 'God is the one material being whose greatness is unsurpassable'. Surely, and whether or not you count yourself a theist, there is considerable warrant for your recoiling from this assertion with no small measure of philosophical indignation. To begin with, your colleague's claim is in patent violation of a venerable component of canonical theistic metaphysics: namely, that a being whose greatness could not conceivably be surpassed is ipso facto a being whose essential nature precludes corporeality. Clearly, Spinoza's heterodoxy in this crucial regard constituted a serious assault upon traditional theistic sensibilities and thus contributed in no small way to his status as philosophical/theological pariah among his Cartesian/ theistic contemporaries.1 Moreover, allowing that your imaginary colleague is something short of a passionate proponent of theistic orthodoxy, the canonical contention that being unsurpassably great entails being incorporeal is not entirely lacking in dialectical merit. For it is clear that God's essential perfection ensures the impossibility of His (existing and) suffering some defect or deficiency. Accordingly, given the timehonored intuitive allure of the doctrine that 'divisibility indicates imperfection',2 it has not been syllogistically irresponsible for philosophical theists since Philo to maintain that the divine nature could not fail to be simple (i.e., noncomposite). Accordingly, given as axiomatic that (necessarily) everything material is composite,3 it seems eminently plausible to maintain with (among many other) Descartes4 who, incidentally, contended that the simplicity of God ranks among His 'principal perfections'5 that God's (essential) incorporeality is transparently or self-evidently derivable from His (essential) simplicity. Hence, the canonical (or anti-Spinozist) view in this regard is that there obtains a pellucid conceptual connection between absolute perfection and immateriality. For those with contrasting intuitions, however and, indeed, the doctrine of divine simplicity is not wanting for detractors let it be clear that nothing in the
A pneumotropic virus isolated from C3H mice carrying the Bittner Milk Agent.

Summary1. Five isolations of a virus which causes a fatal pneumonitis of suckling mice by various routes of inoculation have been made from C3H mice known to carry the Bittner Milk Agent. 2. Older suckling mice are increasingly resistant to this virus and no apparent illness has been produced by inoculation of adult mice. 3. Specific neutralizing antisera have been produced in rabbits. 4. Due to its unique behavior and failure to show serologic or other relationships to known mouse viruses, K-virus has been regarded as an hitherto undescribed agent. 5. Long term experiments have been set up to determine, if possible, whether K-virus is identical with or related to the Bittner Milk Agent.
Discovery of a Bacterial 5-Methylcytosine Deaminase

5-Methylcytosine is found in all domains of life, but the bacterial cytosine deaminase from Escherichia coli (CodA) will not accept 5-methylcytosine as a substrate. Since significant amounts of 5-methylcytosine are produced in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, this compound must eventually be catabolized and the fragments recycled by enzymes that have yet to be identified. We therefore initiated a comprehensive phylogenetic screen for enzymes that may be capable of deaminating 5-methylcytosine to thymine. From a systematic analysis of sequence homologues of CodA from thousands of bacterial species, we identified putative cytosine deaminases where a "discriminating" residue in the active site, corresponding to Asp-314 in CodA from E. coli, was no longer conserved. Representative examples from Klebsiella pneumoniae (locus tag: Kpn00632), Rhodobacter sphaeroides (locus tag: Rsp0341), and Corynebacterium glutamicum (locus tag: NCgl0075) were demonstrated to efficiently deaminate 5-methylcytosine to thymine with values of kcat/Km of 1.4 × 10(5), 2.9 × 10(4), and 1.1 × 10(3) M(-1) s(-1), respectively. These three enzymes also catalyze the deamination of 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil with values of kcat/Km of 1.2 × 10(5), 6.8 × 10(4), and 2.0 × 10(2) M(-1) s(-1), respectively. The three-dimensional structure of Kpn00632 was determined by X-ray diffraction methods with 5-methylcytosine (PDB id: 4R85 ), 5-fluorocytosine (PDB id: 4R88 ), and phosphonocytosine (PDB id: 4R7W ) bound in the active site. When thymine auxotrophs of E. coli express these enzymes, they are capable of growth in media lacking thymine when supplemented with 5-methylcytosine. Expression of these enzymes in E. coli is toxic in the presence of 5-fluorocytosine, due to the efficient transformation to 5-fluorouracil.
Higher-Order Transonic Flutter Solutions

This paper presents a method to couple a finite-element based compressible Euler solver to a finite element structural solver for flutter analysis using a conventional eigensolution approach, such as U−g method that is used in this work. The Euler equations are linearized about a steady-state solution and converted to frequency-domain for small-perturbations for direct evaluation of the unsteady generalized aerodynamic forces that are directly used in a flutter solution procedure. The eigensolution approach allows for the identification of multiple flutter modes at a reduced computational cost, making it computationally attractive in comparison with fluid-structure interaction techniques that use time-integration to identify the critical flutter velocity. Numerical results are presented to benchmark the solution procedure and the order-of-accuracy is obtained through computational study of a two-dimensional panel flutter problem. The results show that for the same number of degrees-of-freedom the high-order solution more accurately predicts the flutter velocity.
Synthesis of Aluminum–Aluminum Nitride Nanocomposites by a Gas–Liquid Reaction II. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

In situ fabrication of the reinforcing particles in the metal matrix is an answer to many of the challenges encountered in manufacturing aluminum matrix nanocomposites. In this method, the nanoparticles are formed directly within the melt by means of a chemical reaction between a specially designed aluminum alloy and a gas. In this publication, we describe a process for synthesizing aluminum–aluminum nitride nanocomposites by reacting a nitrogen-containing gas with a molten aluminum–lithium alloy. We quantify the effect of the process parameters on the average particle size and particle distribution, as well as on the tendency of the particles to cluster in the alloy matrix, is quantified. Also in this publication, we present the measured room temperature and elevated temperature tensile properties of the nanocomposite material as well as its measured room temperature impact toughness.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Model of Chronic Inflammation-Induced Cancer

Chronic inflammation is a well-recognized risk factor for the development of human cancer. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a typical longstanding inflammatory disease of the colon with increased risk for the development of colorectal carcinoma. Several molecular events involved in chronic inflammatory process may contribute to multistage progression of human cancer development, including the overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, overproduction/activation of key arachidonic acid metabolites and cytokines/growth factors, and immunity system dysfunction. Multiple animal models of IBD have been established, and in general, these models can be mainly categorized into chemically induced, genetically engineered (transgenic or gene knock-out), spontaneous, and adoptive transferring animal models. This chapter mainly focuses on (1) epidemiologic and molecular evidence on IBD and risk of colorectal cancer, (2) molecular pathogenesis of IBD-induced carcinogenesis, and (3) modeling of IBD-induced carcinogenesis in rodents and its application.
Bioinspired Discovery of Chemical Reactions and Biological Probes

Indole alkaloids are a large and diverse family of natural products that display a variety of medicinal properties. These natural products have consistently proven difficult to synthesize, due in large part to their complex skeletons and sterically hindered quaternary carbon centers. We have reported the efficient syntheses of polycyclic indole derivatives using gold catalysts, which selectively activate alkynylindoles for tandem cyclizations with high stereospecificity. The facile nature of these methods has allowed previously implausible diversity syntheses to be carried out yielding a large and highly diverse library of polycyclic indolines. Biological screenings revealed compounds that selectively re-sensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to β-lactam antibiotics, which may herald a new way of staving off the incursion of drug-resistant strains of common human pathogens. 1 Introduction 2 Gold-Catalyzed Cyclizations 3 Chemical Probe Discovery 4 Outlook
Two-Dimensional Elements

To solve two-dimensional boundary value problems in a domain Ω ⊂ R2, we partition the domain Ω into N disjoint Simplexes, such as triangles, rectangles and quadrilaterals. A typical simplex is denoted by Ω(e) where e - 1,… N. In this chapter we will present interpolation shape functions for the linear triangular and bilinear rectangular elements.
Combined effect of SBS and devulcanized rubber (DVR) modification on performance grade and fatigue cracking resistance of asphalt binders

Polymer modification of asphalt binders has gained quite popularity in many transportation agencies, primarily due to the superior crack- and rut-resistant performance. However, added cost of polymer modification results in an appreciable increase in the initial cost of an asphalt pavement. There are more economical and sustainable alternatives to polymers, such as the so-called “De-Vulcanized Rubber (DVR)”. Primary advantage of DVR technology is that, it is made from scrap tires and when mixed with asphalt binder, the particles completely dissolve within the binder. Therefore, the final product is a complete fluid, not a suspension. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relative performances of the SBS polymer and DVR in an asphalt binder. The impact of the modifications on performance grade (PG) and fatigue cracking resistance was investigated. The results have shown that more sustainable modification of asphalt binders can be achieved by replacing the entire or some amount of SBS with DVR.
Electro-Mechanical Topology Optimization Considering Non-Matching Meshes

A methodology for topology optimization of fully-coupled electro-mechanical systems is developed in this study, considering non-matching meshes. In order to develop a technique for parameterizing the electrostatic mesh, based on the solid-void state of the structural elements, the case of electrostatic forces is discussed in detail. High-fidelity analysis models are used in both the structural and electrostatic fields. The parameterization scheme is successfully applied to minimum compliance and compliant mechanism design.
Using OpenRefine's Reconciliation to Validate Local Authority Headings

ABSTRACTIn 2015, the Cataloging and Metadata Services department of Rice University's Fondren Library developed a process to reconcile four years of authority headings against an internally developed thesaurus. With a goal of immediate cleanup as well as an ongoing maintenance procedure, staff developed a “hack” of OpenRefine's normal Reconciliation function that ultimately yielded 99.6% authority reconciliation and a stable process for monthly data verification.
Hemodialysis Outflow Vein Stenosis

Hemodialysis access failures affect the quality of life of ESRD patients due to the increased morbidity associated with higher numbers of hospital readmissions, invasive diagnostic studies, and open and endovascular reinterventions. The goal of this chapter is to understand the pathophysiology and management of stenosis within the hemodialysis circuit in order to better preserve functional arteriovenous access.
Quantitative Linguistic Predictors of Infants' Learning of Specific English Words.

To evaluate which features of spoken language aid infant word learning, a corpus of infant-directed speech (M. R. Brent & J. M. Siskind, 2001) was characterized on several linguistic dimensions and statistically related to the infants’ vocabulary outcomes word by word. Comprehension (at 12 and 15 months) and production (15 months) were predicted by frequency, frequency of occurrence in one-word utterances, concreteness, utterance length, and typical duration. These features have been proposed to influence learning before, but here their relative contributions were measured. Mothers’ data predicted learning in their own children better than in other children; thus, vocabulary is measurably aligned within families. These analyses provide a quantitative basis for claims concerning the relevance of several properties of maternal English speech in facilitating early word learning.
A minimal digital circuit realization for robust voltage collapse detection

We propose a novel minimal realization digital circuit to predict voltage collapses by detecting when the electric network frequency (ENF) drops below a prescribed value. We estimate the time-varying ENF from a recorded voltage line using an adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) notch filter based on a Gray-Markel lattice. We show that only one multiplier, eleven adders, and two binary shifts are needed per observation sample to precisely track the ENF and compare to a detection threshold. We validate the performance of the adaptive IIR notch filter using an extended Kalman filter and then test the detector on actual line recordings from nine collection sites spread out across the United States and a hardware emulation testbed designed specifically to capture voltage collapses. From the hardware emulation experiments we successfully predict every voltage collapse over 54 varying collapse trials with zero false alarms using this simple detection scheme.
Naming an Undescribed Dragonfly: Williamson's Williamsonia and the Travails of R. Heber Howe Jr.

R. Heber Howe Jr. (1875–1932), a New England preparatory school teacher and natural historian, became interested in dragonflies after one of his students found the rare Williamsonia lintneri (Hagen) (Ringed Boghaunter) on school property. Subsequently, Howe quickly became a prominent regional authority on Odonata through his own studies and through his frequent correspondence with E.B. Williamson and other established dragonfly authorities. In 1922, while Howe was drafting an article on the history of W. lintneri, Williamson discovered a second species of Williamsonia, which Howe may have also recognized. Correspondence archived from this period reveals a dispute between Howe and Williamson about naming and describing the new species that peripherally involved Philip P. Calvert and Clarence H. Kennedy, other well-established dragonfly specialists, and Canadian entomologists James H. McDunnough and Edmund M. Walker. Howe's position in the dispute that the new species had previously been named in the literature, though not formally described, did not prevent Williamson from describing and naming Williamsonia fletcheri (Ebony Boghaunter). Yet behind the scenes, expressed in letters, the saga reveals tensions that can develop, exposing personality traits, among specialists with competing interests.
Efficient Implementation of Variation after Projection Generalized Hartree-Fock.

Projected Hartree–Fock (PHF) theory can restore important symmetries to broken symmetry wave functions. Variation after projection (VAP) implementations make it possible to deliberately break and then restore a given symmetry by directly minimizing the projected energy expression. This technique can be applied to any symmetry that can be broken from relaxing constraints on single Slater determinant wave functions. For instance, generalized Hartree–Fock (GHF) wave functions are eigenfunctions of neither Ŝz nor S2. By relaxing these constraints, the wave function can explore a larger variational space and can reach lower energies than more constrained HF solutions. We have implemented spin-projected GHF (SGHF), which retains many of the advantages of breaking symmetry while also being a spin eigenfunction, with some notable improvements over previous implementations. Our new algorithm involves the formation of new intermediate matrices not previously discussed in the literature. Discretization of the necess...