cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Nursing Cooperation in Endoscopy-Assisted Surgery of Pyriform Sinus Fistula in Chinese Children: Experience in 196 Cases

Objectives: To summarize the experience of intraoperative nursing cooperation in endoscopy-assisted surgery of pyriform sinus fistula (PSF) in children. Methods: The charts of 196 children diagnosed with PSF undergone endoscopy-assisted surgery during August 2010 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed and in particular, the nursing cooperation reviewed. Results: All 196 cases were treated with endoscopy-assisted surgery following induction of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Fistula tract was successfully found and completely resected. Good outcome was achieved in all but five patients during a follow-up of 2 months to 8 years. One patient had temporary hoarseness after surgery and recovered after 3 months. One patient developed left-side Horner’s syndrome. PSF recurred in 3 cases. Conclusions: Endoscopy-assisted surgery for PSF consists of two parts: endoscopy assistance and open-neck operation resection. As a combined surgery, there are integral parts for operating room nurses to make full preparation, understand the surgical method, master the surgical procedures and special requirements, strengthen the cooperation and collaboration closely with surgical personnel to ensure successful operation.
3D-Printing and Machine Learning Control of Soft Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Actuators

This paper presents a new manufacturing and control paradigm for developing soft ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuators for soft robotics applications. First, an additive manufacturing method that exploits the fused-filament (3D printing) process is described to overcome challenges with existing methods of creating custom-shaped IPMC actuators. By working with ionomeric precursor material, the 3D-printing process enables the creation of 3D monolithic IPMC devices where ultimately integrated sensors and actuators can be achieved. Second, Bayesian optimization is used as a learning-based control approach to help mitigate complex time-varying dynamic effects in 3D-printed actuators. This approach overcomes the challenges with existing methods where complex models or continuous sensor feedback are needed. The manufacturing and control paradigm is applied to create and control the behavior of example actuators, and subsequently the actuator components are combined to create an example modular reconfigurable IPMC soft crawling robot to demonstrate feasibility. Two hypotheses related to the effectiveness of the machine-learning process are tested. Results show enhancement of actuator performance through machine learning, and the proof-of-concepts can be leveraged for continued advancement of more complex IPMC devices. Emerging challenges are also highlighted.
Smartphone-based measurement of serum phosphate levels for patients with kidney disease (Conference Presentation)

Monitoring serum phosphate level is critical for patients with kidney disease and those undergoing dialysis. We report a POC serum phosphate measurement device, by integrating a disposable paper-based microfluidic chip with a smartphone-based measurement system. The inexpensive microfluidic chip collects a droplet of blood from the patient and isolates the serum, which then reacts with a malachite green reagent, resulting in a colorimetric change, measured using a smartphone-based device. This POC instrument was tested on clinical samples obtained from patients undergoing dialysis, and we observed a strong statistical correlation between our results and the tests performed in a clinical laboratory.
Gay and Bisexual Latinos in US Gay Culture

Gay culture and community in the US are rooted in shared histories of struggle, celebration, pride, and identity. As a diverse community, Latinos comprise a significant population among gay and bisexual men (GBM) in the US. The distinct lived experiences of Latino GBM often result in marginalization from both their broader communities and gay culture. While Latino cultures vary, overarching themes of machismo and familismo contextualize experiences of homophobia and heterosexism within their broader communities. In addition to gay identity development, racism and stereotyping, and impacts on health and well-being, various factors contribute to the relegation of Latino GBM in mainstream US gay culture.
Structured Mentorship and the Nursing Clinical Ladder.

When nursing turnover is greater than the national average, professional development of nursing staff increases job satisfaction and employment retention. One approach that can address the professional development is mentoring. Purpose The evidence-based practice (EBP) project's aim was to determine whether a short-term structured mentorship program led by a clinical nurse specialist increased work engagement among staff nurses within 8 to 10 weeks. Description The EBP project was implemented on 2 adult acute care inpatient units. Using Wagner's caring mentorship model, a mentorship program using the organization's clinical ladder criteria was established where nurses were able to participate and complete selected professional development activities based on personal interests and perceived strengths. The clinical nurse specialist provided guidance and advice based each participant's identified activity. Outcome Since the completion of the initial pilot, the organization has expanded the mentorship program to include mentorship of nursing leaders as well as staff on the clinical units. With this expansion, the organization has trained an additional 167 mentors and has a consistent 27% overall advancement of nurses on the clinical ladder. In addition, advanced practice registered nurses have implemented mentorship as part of their onboarding practice for advanced practice nursing. Conclusion The EBP project demonstrated that a mentorship program using an established clinical ladder can increase elements of work engagement and satisfaction with the mentor and program among hospital nursing staff. Sustaining and expanding the program can facilitate with increased nursing job satisfaction and employee retention.
Host transcriptional analysis to improve the diagnosis of group A streptococcal pharyngitis

Abstract Current diagnostic methods used to evaluate patients with pharyngitis for the presence of group A Streptococcus (GAS) do not discriminate between acute infection and asymptomatic carriage, potentially resulting in overuse of antibiotics. We hypothesized that host response as measured by the transcriptomic profile of peripheral blood leukocytes could make this distinction, and could also distinguish between GAS and viral infection. We used RNA sequencing to generate whole blood transcriptomes from 37 children, including 10 with acute GAS pharyngitis, 5 with asymptomatic GAS carriage, 3 with adenoviral pharyngitis, 3 with pharyngitis of unknown etiology, and 16 asymptomatic children negative for GAS. Transcriptional profiles from children with symptomatic GAS, GAS carriage, symptomatic adenoviral pharyngitis, and controls were each distinct. Of 15,185 genes with analyzable sequence, 1357 (8.9%) were differentially expressed in the children with symptomatic GAS compared to those with asymptomatic carriage, and 1336 (8.8%) compared to symptomatic adenovirus infection. A panel of 13 genes distinguished between children with acute GAS and all others with 91% accuracy. The gene encoding CD177, a marker of neutrophil activation, had a 152-fold increase in expression in children with acute GAS, and is a potential diagnostic biomarker. We conclude that measurement of host response is highly promising to improve the diagnosis of GAS pharyngitis and could help limit unnecessary antibiotic use. One Sentence Summary This study demonstrates that analysis of host gene expression can improve the diagnosis of group A streptococcal pharyngitis, which will limit unnecessary antibiotic therapy.
Sequential Ascending Clock Auction and the Declining Price Anomaly: An Experimental Study

This paper experimentally investigates the bidding behavior in two-stage sequential ascending clock auction (i.e., English auction). The equilibrium given by Milgrom and Weber (2000) predicts that the prices of the two goods sold are exactly the same regardless of the value realization. We, in addition, show that this equilibrium can be obtained in our setting by two rounds of iterated deletion of weakly dominated strategies. Despite such a strong prediction, we find little support for equilibrium-like behavior. Instead, we find on average the same prices in three-bidder auctions and slight on average price declines in five-bidder auctions. While these results do not sound like serious violations of what the theory predicts, we find that the main equalizer of the prices is not the information revealed by the dropouts as the theory predicts, instead it is mainly driven by the interaction of different types of off-equilibrium behaviors. We discuss the implication of the results to the declining price anomaly discovered by Ashenfelter (1989).
Algebraic cycles on genus-2 modular fourfolds

This paper studies universal families of stable genus-2 curves with level structure. Among other things, it is shown that the (1,1)-part is spanned by divisor classes, and that there are no cycles of type (2,2) in the third cohomology of the first direct image of ℂ under projection to the moduli space of curves. Using this, it shown that the Hodge and Tate conjectures hold for these varieties.
Indoor Air Pollution, Gender and Illness at the Montezuma Castle Cliff Dwelling

This paper outlines an experiment to investigate the health burden of exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) at the Montezuma Castle cliff dwelling (AZ O:5:14 [ASM]) using ethnographic analogy, exp...
Diverse Rationalities of Entrepreneurship Education: Epistemic Stance Perspective

There is a healthy skepticism regarding whether one can learn entrepreneurship in a business classroom setting. One unique challenge of entrepreneurship education is that at least to some degree entrepreneurship involves disruptions of the usual business rules, norms, and models. Furthermore, entrepreneurship may not conform to the scientific management rationality that is promoted in most management education. This underscores a dilemma: in a business school, how do we teach a discipline that may not conform to our traditional ideas of rationality? Prior research has observed a variety of definitions and approaches taken to teaching entrepreneurship, yet scholars have given less consideration to how we are constructing and disseminating knowledge in entrepreneurship and the nature of rationality we are enacting during the educational process. In this field study, we show that three MBA programs address the challenge of entrepreneurship education by enacting distinct attitudes toward knowledge in entrepreneurship, or epistemic stances — each aligning to a different extent with the notion of scientific rationality. We offer the epistemic stance lens as a new avenue for understanding the practiced rationality of business education. Using this lens, we show the breadth of what is “rational” in entrepreneurship education beyond scientific management rationality.
Development and testing of the Draw-a-Programmer test (DAPT) to explore elementary preservice teachers’ conceptions of computational thinking

Recent US science standards conceptualize science as a set of shared multidisciplinary ideas and practices in common with engineering and computer science (CS). At the core, this portrayal requires an understanding of CS as a viable career path and set of discrete knowledge and skills, including those related to computer programming. However, research repeatedly shows inservice and preservice teachers to be unfamiliar or uncomfortable with reform-based instruction and CS-related careers. This exploratory study uses a Draw-a-Programmer Test (DAPT) instrument (adapted from the Draw-a-Scientist [DAST], Engineering [DAET], and Computer Scientist [DACST]) to investigate how preservice teachers understand and visualize computer programming. Here, we detail the development and testing of this tool across two preservice elementary science and technology courses. Participants in this study included 52 preservice teachers in the last semester of their teacher preparation program enrolled in these courses. Data were collected using the DAPT instrument and were analyzed using open coding of respondents’ depictions and written descriptions of computer programming. Findings revealed that participants held somewhat stereotypical, yet distinct conceptions of CS and computer programming (i.e., separate from science and engineering) which may provide concrete entry points into fostering computational thinking skills. Implications are discussed as they relate to elementary teacher education and research.
Multiple cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in human trabecular meshwork cells.

METHODS. Radioimmunoassay of acetylated acid extracts was used to determine changes in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic quanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in human trabecular meshwork cells treated with phosphodiesterase isoform selective inhibitors. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities were measured using the two-step radioisotope procedure (Thompson). Enzyme activities in the supernatant of human cells were fractionated using anionexchange chromatography. Additionally, human and porcine trabecular meshwork cell transcripts of phosphodiesterase family‐specific isoforms were studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing. RESULTS. In intact human cells, selective inhibitors for phosphodiesterase 4 (rolipram) and 5 (E4021) gene families were effective in augmenting cyclic nucleotide accumulation in response to isoproterenol or sodium nitroprusside, respectively. cAMP and cGMP hydrolytic activities, resolved using Trisacryl M anion-exchange chromatography, showed a cAMP phosphodiesterase peak that was minimally sensitivity to cGMP but modestly inhibited by rolipram and a cGMP phosphodiesterase peak that was sensitive to inhibition by E4021. Further evaluation of the cGMP phosphodiesterase demonstrated Michaelis-Menten kinetics and competitive inhibition by E4021. Messenger RNA transcripts for phosphodiesterase 4, 5, and 7 isozymes were isolated in human trabecular meshwork cells. However, in porcine trabecular meshwork cells only isozymes for phosphodiesterase 4 and 5 isozymes were detected. CONCLUSIONS. Human trabecular meshwork cells express phosphodiesterase 4, 5, and 7 gene family isoforms and enzyme activities, suggesting that selective isoform inhibitors could be used to augment the actions of antiglaucoma drugs that use cyclic nucleotides as second messengers. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:1745‐1752)
Developing new tourism products: Sport fishing in the south-east United States

Abstract Understanding how travellers make decisions is essential to efficient development of new products. Since tourism decision making typically involves several sequential stages, products need to be designed to provide benefits at each stage. The charter and head boat sport fishing industry in the south-east USA provides a useful case study for developing new products that are feasible in light of the natural resources regulatory regime and appeal to consumers. Information on anglers' decision-making process was examined and conjoint analysis was used to evaluate their preferences for newsport fishing products. Results illustrate that various market segments have unique product preferences.
Immunological cross-reactivities of adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate reductases from sulfate-reducing and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria

Abstract Crude extracts from 14 species of sulfate-reducing bacteria comprising the genera Desulfovibrio, Desulfotomaculum, Desulfobulbus, and Desulfosarcina and from three species of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria were tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with polyclonal antisera to adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G100A. The results showed that extracts from Desulfovibrio species were all highly cross-reactive, whereas extracts from the other sulfate-reducing genera showed significantly less cross-reaction. An exception was Desulfotomaculum orientis, which responded more like Desulfovibrio species than the other Desulfotomaculum strains tested. Extracts from colorless or photosynthetic sulfur bacteria were either unreactive or exhibited very low levels of reactivity with the antibodies to the enzyme from sulfate reducers. These results were confirmed by using partially purified enzymes from sulfate reducers and the most cross-reactive sulfide oxidizer, Thiobacillus denitrificans. Two types of monoclonal antibodies to adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase were also isolated. One type reacted more variably with the enzymes of the sulfate reducers and poorly with the Thiobacillus enzyme, whereas the second reacted strongly with Desulfovibrio, Desulfotomaculum orientis, and Thiobacillus enzymes.
Fixed- versus Variable-domain Interpretations of Tarski’s Account of Logical Consequence

In this article I describe and evaluate the debate that surrounds the proper interpretation of Tarski’s account of logical consequence given in his classic 1936 article ‘On the concept of logical consequence’. In the late 1980s Etchemendy argued that the familiar model theoretic account of logical consequence is not to be found in Tarski’s original article. Whereas the contemporary account of logical consequence is a variable-domain conception – in that it calls for a reinterpretation of the domain of variation of the quantifiers when evaluating logical consequence –, no such reinterpretation is found in Tarski’s original account, which was rather based on a ‘fixed-domain’ conception. Etchemendy’s claims have sparked a debate on Tarski’s conception of logical consequence with important contributions by, among others, Bach, Bays, Corcoran, Gomez-Torrente, Mancosu, Ray, Saguillo, and Sher.
Alpha-internexin, a novel neuronal intermediate filament protein, precedes the low molecular weight neurofilament protein (NF-L) in the developing rat brain

alpha-Internexin is a 66 kDa protein that copurifies with intermediate filaments (IF) from rat spinal cord and optic nerve. This protein is axonally transported in rat optic nerve along with the neurofilament triplet proteins in slow component a. Polymerization in vitro and distribution in vivo confirm that alpha-internexin is a neuronal IF. We raised 2 highly specific monoclonal antibodies to alpha-internexin which were applied to frozen rat brain sections and Western blots of cytoskeletal extracts. These results indicate that alpha-internexin is primarily an axonal protein found in most, if not all, neurons of the CNS. Immunoreactive proteins of similar molecular weight were found in cytoskeletal extracts of CNS tissue from several additional species, including mouse and cow. While the distribution of alpha-internexin as given by immunocytochemical methods is similar to that of low molecular weight neurofilament protein (NF-L) in the adult, its distribution in the embryo is far more extensive. At embryonic day 16, when the expression of NF-L is still limited to a relatively small number of cells and levels of expression are low, alpha-internexin is already found at much higher levels and in cells not yet expressing NF-L in detectable quantities. Similar results are found at embryonic day 12. These data suggest that neuronal IF in the developing nervous system contain a higher proportion of alpha-internexin than their adult counterparts, and that expression of alpha-internexin precedes that of NF-L in many or most neurons of the developing brain.
Burghley: William Cecil, Lord Burghley

(1999). Burghley: William Cecil, Lord Burghley. History: Reviews of New Books: Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 119-120.
Semantics-Based Image Retrieval by Region Saliency

We propose a new approach for semantics-based image retrieval. We use color-texture classification to generate the codebook which is used to segment images into regions. The content of a region is characterized by its self-saliency and the lower-level features of the region, including color and texture. The context of regions in an image describes their relationships, which are related to their relative-saliencies. High-level (semantics-based) querying and query-by-example are supported on the basis of the content and context of image regions. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
ANALYSING THE GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION ATTAINMENT: A SIMPLE FRAMEWORK WITH APPLICATION TO GHANA

A simple decomposition is provided to analyse the gender gap in educational attainment with an application to Ghana. The decomposition considers six conditional steps required for completing high school, namely starting and completing primary school, starting and completing junior high school, and starting and completing senior high school. Using household surveys parameters are estimated conditionally on having completed the previous step. By estimating the decomposition over time and comparing parameters between groups, we are able to assess whether the gender gap is being reduced over time and where dropping out takes place in the education system for various groups. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A unified platform for optoelectrowetting and optoelectronic tweezers

A platform capable of seamlessly unifying both optoelectrowetting and optoelectronic tweezers is presented. This enables the user to manipulate aqueous droplets (with electrowetting) as well as individual particles within those droplets (with dielectrophoresis). The device requires no photolithography and droplet/particle manipulation can occur continuously over the entire surface of the device. Droplet and 10 µm polystyrene particle speeds of up to 8 mm s−1 and 60 µm s−1, respectively, are demonstrated. Particle concentration within, and subsequent splitting of, a droplet is performed resulting in average concentration efficiencies of 93%. Serial concentration is also demonstrated resulting in exponentially increasing particle concentrations and a 10× concentration increase. Finally, the platform is used to select a single cell out of a cohort and subsequently encapsulate it in its own aqueous droplet.
Abstract 242: Dietary PUFA's alter the visceral adipose secretome, which modulates mammary stem cell self-renewal

Rationale: Dietary PUFA9s alter the expression and secretion of a variety of adipokines. Diets rich in omega-6 fatty acids shift the leptin:adiponectin ratio in favor of leptin, whereas diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids have the opposite effect. We tested the hypothesis that different ratios of adipose-derived factors differentially drive or inhibit normal mammary stem cell self-renewal. Methods: F344 rats were fed an obesogenic diet supplemented with arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) in either a 1:0 or 1:0.4 ratio. At 20 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the visceral adipose explants were maintained in culture for up to 10 days. Conditioned media was collected at 48 hours. Adipokine concentrations were measured with the Proteome Profiler Adipokine Array and normalized to a leptin ELISA. Primary human mammary epithelial cells and the MCF10A breast cell line were expanded in a non-adherent sphere-forming assay as a measure of stem cell self-renewal. Cell suspensions were exposed to adipose conditioned media (1 mg/ml total protein concentration). After 10 days, spheres were counted and sphere size was measured using ImageJ. Results: Adipose explants were maintained in culture for up to 10 days with >99% viability. The secretome from the rats fed omega-6 PUFA9s was enriched for leptin, resistin, serpin E1, and lipocalin-2. The omega-3 rich diet led to enrichment for adiponectin, pentraxin, and RBP4 in the adipose secretome. The adipose conditioned media from the omega-6 fed rats increased mammary stem cell self-renewal by 190%, whereas that from the rats fed omega-3 PUFA9s attenuated this effect. Conclusion: The n3:n6 dietary ratio promotes a shift in the ratios of multiple secreted adipokines. These ratios have a differential effect on mammary stem cell self-renewal. A diet rich in omega-6 PUFA9s leads to increased stem cell self-renewal, whereas a diet supplemented with EPA attenuated this effect. Further studies will clarify the role of specific adipokines on mammary stem cell self-renewal. Citation Format: Ray Esper, Michael Dame, Djuric Zora, William Smith, Wicha Max, Dean Brenner. Dietary PUFA9s alter the visceral adipose secretome, which modulates mammary stem cell self-renewal. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 242. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-242
Hazardous drinking is associated with an elevated aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index in an urban HIV-infected clinical cohort.

Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between alcohol consumption and liver fibrosis as assessed by aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) in HIV-infected adults and to explore the relative contributions of alcohol and hepatitis C virus (HCV) to APRI among HIV/HCV-coinfected adults. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from an observational clinical cohort. Alcohol consumption was categorized according to National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism guidelines. We defined significant liver disease as APRI>1.5, and used multinomial logistic regression to identify correlates of increased APRI. Results Among 1358 participants, 10.4% reported hazardous drinking. It was found that 11.6% had APRI>1.5, indicating liver fibrosis. Hazardous drinking was associated with increased APRI [adjusted relative risk ratio (RRR) 2.30; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–4.17]. Other factors associated with increased APRI were male gender, viral hepatitis, and HIV transmission category of injecting drug use. Among coinfected individuals, 18.3% had APRI>1.5, and hazardous drinking was not associated with APRI. Among non-HCV-infected individuals, 5.3% had APRI>1.5 and hazardous drinking was associated with increased APRI (adjusted RRR 3.72; 95% CI 1.40–9.87). Conclusions Hazardous drinking is an important modifiable risk factor for liver fibrosis, particularly among non-HCV-infected patients. Clinicians and researchers must address alcohol use as the burden of liver disease increases among HIV-positive individuals.
Expected science return of spatially-extended in-situ exploration at small Solar system bodies

The recent decadal survey report for planetary science (compiled by the National Research Council) has prioritized three main areas for planetary exploration: (1) the characterization of the early Solar system history, (2) the search for planetary habitats, and (3) an improved understanding about the nature of planetary processes. A growing number of ground and space observations suggest that small bodies are ideally suited for addressing all these three priorities. In parallel, several technological advances have been recently made for microgravity rovers, penetrators, and MEMS-based instruments. Motivated by these findings and new technologies, the objective of this paper is to study the expected science return of spatially-extended in-situ exploration at small bodies, as a function of surface covered and in the context of the key science priorities identified by the decadal survey report. Specifically, targets within the scope of our analysis belong to three main classes: main belt asteroids and irregular satellites, Near Earth Objects, and comets. For each class of targets, we identify the corresponding science objectives for potential future exploration, we discuss the types of measurements and instruments that would be required, and we discuss mission architectures (with an emphasis on spatially-extended in-situ exploration) to achieve such objectives. Then, we characterize (notionally) how the science return for two reference targets would scale with the amount (and type) of surface that is expected to be covered by a robotic mobile platform. The conclusion is that spatially-extended in-situ information about the chemical and physical heterogeneity of small bodies has the potential to lead to a much improved understanding about their origin, evolution, and astrobiological relevance.
A Method of Theoretical Analysis of High-Speed Junction Diode Logic Circuits

The charge storage (and, consequently, the recovery time) problem of a p-n junction diode has been a most troublesome phenomenon in the application of junction diodes in switching circuits. If many diodes in a logic gate are switched simultaneously from conduction to cutoff, large sums of stored charge will be generated and will tend to reverse the state of the nonswitching diodes in the same circuit. Accordingly, a possible false logic response may result. Unfortunately, the diode models presently available are useless for analyzing such transients. For this reason, a new diode model has been devised. From a study of the physical process in a junction diode, a unique relationship can be established between the terminal electric properties and the charge storage in the base material, of the diode. The relationship can be shown in a simple flowgraph. From this flowgraph a lumped charge model of a p-n junction diode is proposed. Utilizing this model, one can simply and uniquely solve the transient problems encountered in diode switching circuits, while only two parameters, the saturation current I s , and the diode time constant Td, are required to evaluate the solution numerically.
The Effects of Training Formats and Interpersonal Discriminations in the Education for Clinical Social Work Practice

The question of the relative effectiveness of three training formats (process recording, videotape feedback, and videotape feedback with modeling) and levels of interpersonal discriminations (high and low) on the acquisition of six clinical skills was examined in a series of 3 x 2 analyses of variance designs. Twenty-four 1st-year graduate social work students were assigned to these three training conditions, in such a manner that each group had an equal distribution of high and low discriminators. Interviews of subjects were videotaped and rated by experienced independent judges in terms of behavioral criteria derived from Ivey (1971). The findings indicate that videotape feedback with modeling is the most effective training device for teaching specific interpersonal behaviors. Results of main and interactional effects suggest integration of technology with training formats in social work education and the need for more rigorous research related to the identification of learner characteristics matched wi...
IDIOPATHIC AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA. RESPONSE OF A PATIENT TO REPEATED COURSES OF ALKYLATING AGENTS.

Abstract A case of idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia of six and a half years' duration is presented. After failure of splenectomy and steroid therapy to sustain a remission, numerous courses of aklylating agents were found to be effective for varying periods of time.
Factors that influence the implementation of collaborative RFiD programs

Purpose – Radio frequency identification (RFiD) programs are being mandated by many entities, such as Wal‐Mart and the Department of Defense, but what factors lead to successful implementation of these programs by their business partners?Design/methodology/approach – This paper is conceptual in nature. It briefly reviews current applications of RFiD technology and proposes a model for RFiD implementation through partners.Findings – While some companies are quickly adopting RFiD technology, little is known regarding important factors for successful implementation. To address the interorganizational nature of RFiD, this research uses assimilation theory to provide insight as to the key factors impacting the deployment of this technology across trading partners.Originality/value – The paper provides a theory‐based framework for companies' RFiD initiatives and identifies specific factors that enable a business partner to implement successfully an RFiD technology program initiated by a powerful supplier or cus...
Model-Based Analysis of Hand Radiographs

As a step toward computer assisted imagery interpretation, we are developing algorithms for computed radiography that allow a computer to recognize specific bones and joints, and to identify variations from normal in size, shape and density. In this paper we report on our approach to model-based computer recognition of hands in radiographs. First, image processing hypotheses of the imaged bones. Multiple hypotheses of the size and orientation of the imaged anatomy are matched against stored 3D models fof the relevant bones, obtained from statistically valid populations studies. Probabilities of the hypotheses are accrued using Bayesian inference techniques whose evaluation is guided by the structure of the hand model and the observed image-derived evidence such as anti-parallel edges, local contrast, etc. High probability matches between the hand model and the image data can cue additional image processing-based ssearch for bones, joints and soft-tissue to confirm hypotheses of the location of the imaged hand. At this point multipule disease detection techniques, automated bone age identification, etc. can be employed.
Freshness matters: in flowers, food, and web authority

The collective contributions of billions of users across the globe each day result in an ever-changing web. In verticals like news and real-time search, recency is an obvious significant factor for ranking. However, traditional link-based web ranking algorithms typically run on a single web snapshot without concern for user activities associated with the dynamics of web pages and links. Therefore, a stale page popular many years ago may still achieve a high authority score due to its accumulated in-links. To remedy this situation, we propose a temporal web link-based ranking scheme, which incorporates features from historical author activities. We quantify web page freshness over time from page and in-link activity, and design a web surfer model that incorporates web freshness, based on a temporal web graph composed of multiple web snapshots at different time points. It includes authority propagation among snapshots, enabling link structures at distinct time points to influence each other when estimating web page authority. Experiments on a real-world archival web corpus show our approach improves upon PageRank in both relevance and freshness of the search results.
The Relationship of the Normal and Hyperactive Ovary to Menstruation and to Endometrial Hyperplasia1

ON JANUARY 14, 1909, Frau S. M., aged 26, came into the Woman's Clinic at the University of Heidelberg and submitted to a curettage and suspension of the uterus because of dysmenorrhea, persistent backache and general weakness. She gave the following menstrual history. The menstrual periods began at 15; at first they were scanty, lasting two days. There was an intermenstrual discharge. After her last (second) delivery she nursed the baby for nine months; then there was a one-day period, followed by nine weeks' amenorrhea and this by a 14-day period of bleeding. Thereafter, every 14 days a five-day to six-day episode of bleeding accompanied by severe pain occurred. In October a moderately profuse bleeding lasted three to four weeks and then five-day to six-day menses continued at 24-day intervals, with above-mentioned symptoms of dysmenorrhea, backache and weakness. After the operation menstruation was regular and painless.
Tensile Deformation of Alloy 617 at Different Temperatures

Austenitic Alloy 617 has been identified as a candidate structural material in hydrogen generation using nuclear heat. A temperature of 950°C has been recommended to achieve the maximum efficiency in hydrogen generation involving numerous chemical reactions. The tensile properties of this alloy have been determined at temperatures ranging from ambient to 1000°C. Simultaneously, the fracture toughness of this alloy is being evaluated using fracture-mechanics-based compact tension specimen. This paper presents the results of tensile testing of this alloy as a function of temperature. The results of fractographic evaluations using scanning electron microscopy are also included.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Particle formation with supercritical fluids—a review

Abstract The rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS) is a new and promising method of particle formation. The distinguishing features of this process are the fast attainment of uniform conditions and of high supersaturations in the carrier fluid, which favor the formation of small, monodisperse particles. The technique has been applied to inorganic, organic, pharmaceutical, and polymeric materials. RESS can be used to comminute shock-sensitive solids, to produce intimate mixtures of amorphous materials, to form polymeric microspheres, and to deposit thin films. In this paper, we discuss the fundamentals, experimental methods, applications, and available results from studies of particle formation with supercritical solutions.
Novel co-operative magnetic properties of decamethylmanganocenium 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinoneide, 3[Mn(C5Me5)2]:+[DDQ]˙–

The electron-transfer salt 3[Mn(C5Me5)2]:+[DDQ]˙–, isomorphous to orthorhombic [Fe(C5Me5)2]˙+[DDQ]˙–, has been prepared. It exhibits a complex field-dependent magnetic pahse diagram at low temperatures with evidence for ferromagnetic coupling as well as a low moment state below 4 K for zero-field cooled samples.
The Food and Drug Administration Office of Women's Health: impact of science on regulatory policy.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration Office of Women's Health (FDA OWH) has supported women's health research for ∼20 years, funding more than 300 studies on women's health issues, including research on diseases/conditions that disproportionately affect women in addition to the evaluation of sex differences in the performance of and response to medical products. These important women's health issues are studied from a regulatory perspective, with a focus on improving and optimizing medical product development and the evaluation of product safety and efficacy in women. These findings have influenced industry direction, labeling, product discontinuation, safety notices, and clinical practice. In addition, OWH-funded research has addressed gaps in the knowledge about diseases and medical conditions that impact women across the life span such as cardiovascular disease, pregnancy, menopause, osteoporosis, and the safe use of numerous medical products.
Performance assessment and validation of a paramagnetic particle-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for chlorpyrifos in agricultural runoff waters.

A commercial magnetic particle-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for the insecticide chlorpyrifos [O,O-diethyl-O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate] was evaluated for its specificity, precision, and accuracy, its susceptibility to matrix interferences in agricultural and environmental surface waters, and its comparability to a gas chromatographic/flame photometric (GC/ FPD) method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in natural waters. Repeatability, reproducibility, and accuracy studies show that the kit satisfies current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency criteria for the assessment of analytical methods. Observable matrix effects were found to be present in all of the environmental test waters, with the slopes of calibration curves generated in each of the test matrices deviating from that of the control matrix by as much as 16%. Specificity studies indicate that the chlorpyrifos polyclonal antibody adequately differentiates the target compound from other structurally similar organophosphorus pesticides, with the exception of its methyl analogue. Cross-reactivity with chlorpyrifos-methyl was approximately 37%, while reactivity with diazinon, pyridaphenthion, diclofenthion, bromiphos-ethyl, bromiphos-methyl, pirimiphos-ethyl, and chlorpyrifos oxon ranged from 1.6 to 10.7%. Cross-reactivity with pirimiphos-methyl, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, diethyl phosphate, and diethyl thiophosphate was negligible (<1%). Validation of the paramagnetic particle ELISA format was accomplished using water samples from two monitoring studies that were collected, split, and analyzed directly by ELISA and by GC/FPD. Results of the two analytical methods were then compared using standard t tests, regression analysis, and differences against mean measurement (bias) plots. While the agreement between the two methods was determined to be satisfactory, ELISA exhibits consistent positive bias in environmental matrices. Several preanalysis mitigation steps were suggested that may help moderate bias, but additional study is recommended to explicate the exact factors responsible for its consistent overestimation of results.
Removal of an embedded, migrated plastic biliary stent with the use of cholangioscopy

A 64-year-old man presented with painless jaundice. ERCP showed a stricture at the proximal common hepatic duct, and a 10F 15-cm biliary stent was placed. Examination of biopsy specimens revealed cholangiocarcinoma. The patient was deemed a nonsurgical candidate, and repeat ERCP was performed for revision to metal stent. During ERCP the plastic stent was noted to have migrated proximally into the left intrahepatic system, and it was embedded (Fig. 1A). Multiple attempts to remove the stent were unsuccessful despite the use of rat-tooth and alligator forceps, extraction and dilating balloons, snares, and various baskets. A cholangioscope was then inserted into the common bile duct and positioned just under the distal portion of the migrated stent. Under direct visualization, the orifice of the biliary stent was cannulated with a .035inch guidewire (Fig. 1B; Video 1, available online at www.giejournal.org). The guidewire was advanced through the stent and deep into the left intrahepatic duct. The cholangioscope was then removed over the guidewire. A stent retriever device was then advanced over the guidewire and fixed into the distal portion of the stent. The plastic stent
Fighting by the Rules: A Comparative Framework for Exploring Ethnic Mobilization Patterns in Democratic Contexts

Abstract This article tackles the question: given that ethnic movements in democracies often exhibit similar grievances and claims, what explains variations in their patterns of ethnic mobilization? Specifically, why do some ethnic movements turn to violence while others remain non-violent, and why do some demonstrate relative sustainability over long historic periods while others experience temporary flare-ups followed by long periods of demobilization? Utilizing new research in contentious politics, this study advances a dynamic approach to the examination of ethnic mobilization, arguing that variations in mobilization patterns are best analyzed according to the extent of a movement's institutionalization. Illustrating the utility of this analytical framework with an in-depth analysis of the case of the Francophone Quebecois, this article develops the concept of a spectrum of institutional ethnonationalism in order to explain diverse mobilization patterns.
Controlled Wind Tunnel Experiments for Particle Bounceoff and Resuspension

The dynamics of particle rebound and resuspension were examined by using uranine particles, polymer microspheres, spores, and pollen in wind tunnel experiments. Particle diameters were 5–42 μm. Results show that both the fraction of rebound and the resuspension rate are strongly dependent on the free stream velocity, particle size, and relative humidity. The effects of relative humidity are more significant at lower windspeeds; a greater relative humidity appears to change the shape of the distribution of adhesion force, mainly affecting the lower range but not greatly affecting the upper end of the distribution. Resuspension rates decrease with time, essentially defining two regimes. The first regime lasts for < 1 min; after this time, the most easily resuspended particles have been removed, leaving only particles with much smaller resuspension rates for the second regime. At a windspeed of 6 m / s, the upper 20% of the distribution of turbulent fluctuations is responsible for ∼ 65% of the particle resus...
Spiritual leadership: fulfilling whole‐self needs at work

The work community is becoming the most significant community for many people. We are coming to expect our work ‐ where we spend most of our time ‐ to satisfy our deeply held needs for wholeness and to help provide spiritual support for our values and our aspirations for personal as well as economic growth. Reports on original research which supports a growing literature attesting to the centrality of work in meeting both economic and spiritual needs. Spirit refers to the vital, energizing force or principle in the person, the core of self. Respondent managers understand spirit in its secular connotation as defining self meaning and motivation for action. Begins a definition of a model of leadership based on this kind of spiritual relationship, one founded on morality, stewardship and community. Also lists some critical issues that this emerging leadership model faces.
The role of family conflict on risky sexual behavior in adolescents aged 15 to 21.

Abstract Purpose Family conflict is related to numerous risky behavioral outcomes during adolescence; however, few studies have examined how family conflict is associated with risky sexual behavior during adolescence. Methods Data from 1104 adolescents aged 15 to 21 who completed the 2008 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were analyzed. Information on family conflict (family fighting and family criticizing) and sexual behavior (number of sexual partners in past year and use of contraception at last intercourse) was self-reported. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results After adjustment, adolescents whose family members often fought had increased odds of not using contraception at last intercourse and having two or more sexual partners in the past year (OR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.04–1.88] and OR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.23–2.14], respectively). Adolescents whose family members often criticized each other also had increased odds of not using contraception at last intercourse and having two or more sexual partners in the past year (OR, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.12–1.90] and OR, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.96–1.55], respectively). Conclusions Family conflict was associated with risky sexual behaviors in this racially/ethnically diverse sample of adolescents. If confirmed in other studies, adolescents who experience family conflict may be an important population to target with information regarding safer sex practices.
Discourse of decency: white nationalists, white antiracists, and the criminality of color

Contemporary research on white racial attitudes on race and crime reflect a grouping of opinions on a traditional liberal-conservative scale. These two groupings reflect what sociologists and political scientists call ‘issue constraint’ or a ‘clustering’ of ideas into a specific ideological worldview. Many now argue this gulf is growing; a white ‘culture war’ that many interpret as evidence of the increasing fracturing and political bifurcation of white racial identities over ‘hot button’ topics like race and crime. While a substantial literature on race and crime finds white racial attitudes to vary by educational level and political orientation, we know less about shared understandings of crime and race in relation to the processes of white racial identity formation. Rather than view attitudinal statements on race and crime as accurate reflections of essential different and static white racial political positions or ideological orientations, additional scholarship can examine discourse on crime and race...