cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
HAAVELMO’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO SIMULTANEOUS-EQUATIONS ESTIMATION

This paper surveys Trygve Haavelmo’s contributions to econometrics. A brief summary of his 1944 monograph is followed by an analysis of the six important papers he contributed during 1943–47. Four of them were devoted to macroeconomic models including estimation of the Keynesian marginal propensity to consume; the first two introduced the methodology of a system of structural equations; the third marked a milestone in econometric method by deriving the reduced form of such a system; and the fourth analyzed the contrast between time-series and cross-section analysis. The fifth (joint with M.A. Girshick) on the demand for food provided a definitive treatment of estimation of demand and supply functions; it carried out the execution of a five-equation structural model of the U.S. economy. The sixth was an interesting policy model of the interrelationship between the agricultural and the rural sector of the economy, which was fitted to U.S. data and addressed to questions of policy.
Anna Akhmatova’s “An Old Portrait” and the Ballets Russes

AbstractThe unspecified visual art referent in Akhmatova’s enigmatic poem, “An Old Portrait” (Staryi portret, 1910), dedicated to the painter Aleksandra Ekster, has long inspired critical speculation. scholars (superfin and Timenchik, Rosslyn, Rubins) have proposed numerous readings, but none has entirely resolved the poem’s mysteries. I will argue that the ballets Le Pavillon d’Armide and Cleopâtre, performed in the first Paris season of the Ballets Russes, provide hitherto unexplored subtexts for the spare but dramatic poem. Considered within the context of the ballets, the poem’s characters and details take on more specific and meaningful contours. By analyzing these ballets’ respective libretti, costume designs and stage sets, it becomes possible to detect in the poem references to the Gobelins portrait depicting the deadly enchantress in Le Pavillon d’Armide, the poisoning of Amoun at the conclusion of Cleopâtre, and Vaclav Nijinsky’s performances as Armida’s servant in Le Pavillon d’Armide and Cleop...
Concerning the role of oxygen in photocatalytic decomposition of salicylic acid in water

Abstract The photocatalyzed oxidation of salicylic acid on pure TiO 2 and ZnO films as well as on TiO 2 films loaded with various amounts of ZnO in N 2 O-saturated aqueous solutions has been investigated. It was found that the photoassisted decomposition of salicylic acid did not take place on the irradiated surface of pure TiO 2 and took place on ZnO when N 2 O was bubbled through the solution. The deposition of a small amount of ZnO onto the TiO 2 surface was responsible for the appearance of marked photocatalytic activity of material. The information about the electron-scavenger ability of N 2 O in interaction with TiO 2 has been obtained by conductivity and photoconductivity measurements. The main conclusion is that the major role of oxygen in photocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds is to be a scavenger for continuous electron removal from photocatalysts.
Transcriptional Regulation of Mouse δ-Opioid Receptor Gene by CpG Methylation INVOLVEMENT OF Sp3 AND A METHYL-CpG-BINDING PROTEIN, MBD2, IN TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSION OF MOUSE δ-OPIOID RECEPTOR GENE IN Neuro2A CELLS

Opioid receptors are expressed in a cell type-specific manner. Here we show that the mouse delta-opioid receptor (mDOR) gene is regulated by promoter region CpG methylation. The mDOR promoter containing a putative CpG island is highly methylated in Neuro2A cells, correlating with the repression of this gene in these cells. This is in contrast with the unmethylated state of the mDOR promoter in NS20Y cells, which express a high level of mDOR. Repression of mDOR transcription in Neuro2A cells could be partially relieved by chemically induced demethylation with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. In addition, in vitro methylation of the luciferase reporter gene driven by the mDOR promoter resulted in an inhibition of transcription in NS20Y cells. Methyl-CpG-binding protein complex 1 (MeCP1) has been implicated in methylation-mediated transcriptional repression of several genes. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that fully methylated, but not unmethylated, mDOR promoter fragment formed a MeCP1-like protein complex that contained methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) and Sp3. Furthermore, the expression level of Sp3 was decreased when Neuro2A cells were demethylated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, and increasing Sp3 levels in Schneider's Drosophila line 2 cells led to the repression of mDOR promoter activity when the promoter was methylated. These results demonstrate that Sp3 and MBD2 are involved in the transcriptional repression of mDOR in Neuro2A cells through binding to the methylated CpG sites in the promoter region and may play a role in the cell type-specific expression of mDOR.
Urban problems and the community mental health center: multiple mandates, difficult choices. I. Background and current status.

Conflicts in the multiple mandates—legislative, community and professional—under which the West Philadelphia Community Mental Health Consortium operates serve to obstruct its progress toward the goals of a Community Mental Health Center. The first paper explains the structure of the Consortium and the setting in which it operates. The two papers that follow discuss the impact of the conflicts on research and evaluation services, and the implications for race relations—a critically pervasive issue at the Consortium.
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE ENCODED REPRESENTATION OF THE STIMULUS

Summary.-Aspects of stimulus encoding were assessed in two experiments by comparing confidence ratings given to actual stimuli with ratings given to variants of the stimuli that systematically distorted identity and position information about individual components. The results indicated that even after a single trial the encoded representation of the stimulus contained information about the identity and position of all individual components and the relationships among components. While neither higher degrees of associative learning nor additional learning trials altered the relative importance of various types of information contained in the encoding, signal detection analyses indicated that both factors increased the subject's over-all sensitivity to the stimulus. Response-similarity had no effect on stimulus learning when trials were controlled. The results are discussed with respect to previous studies on selection of stimuli and independence of components. Underwood's ( 1963 ) distinction between the nominal and functional stimulus has led to extensive research on the variables which influence selection of the functional stimulus from a multi-element stimulus compound. As Richardson (1972) has pointed out, the occurrence of stimulus selection is typically inferred from the differential effectiveness of the components of a compound stimulus as cues for recall of the associated response. Unfortunately, this paradigm frequently underestimates what has been learned about the stimulus. For example, when the entire compound (such as word) is the functional stimulus for the response, differences among components in cue effectiveness may simply result from differential effectiveness in redintegrating the compound (Horowitz & Prytulak, 1969). To avoid this problem, and the possibility that response-recall to non-selected components kill be mediated by the functional, selected component, Postman and Greenbloom (1967) proposed that selection be inferred only when subjects: (a) recall the response to a single component and (b) fail to recall the other components ti that single-component cue. This assessment of selection may also underestimate what the subject has learned about the stimulus, since it does not ascertain whether the response is independently associated with the excluded components.
Female allies and female power a cross-cultural analysis

Abstract Societies in which women have substantial control of resources and hold powerful political positions are relatively rare. Among the many circumstances in which women are likely to have resource control and/or political authority, polygyny is not an obvious candidate. However, women's lives are highly variable across polygynous societies. We hypothesized that within polygynous societies, women will have greater resource control and political activity when they have female allies; furthermore, that ecological factors influence women's access to such allies. We examined statistical associations among measures of ecological factors, the presence of female allies, and female power. The results of multiple regression analyses of ethnographic materials demonstrate that, cross culturally, ecological and sociocultural factors interact so that polygynously married women have more resource control and power when they are geographically close to their kin and have sisters as cowives. Additional statistical associations reveal how ecological factors moderate women's access to potential allies, which in turn are associated with resource control, female power/authority, and prevalence of negative attitudes about appropriate female behavior.
Are Fourth-Year Medical Students Effective Teachers of the Physical Examination to First-Year Medical Students?

OBJECTIVE: To determine if fourth-year medical students are as effective as faculty in teaching the physical examination to first-year medical students.
Abstract P5-12-03: Developing the ePromotora: Increasing Promotora's Access to Breast Cancer Electronic Resources

Background: Disparities in breast cancer screening and survival have been attributed to multiple factors including limited access to breast health education. Innovative information technologies facilitate health education; however, access to information technology is not uniform. The resultant systematic gap in health knowledge has led to a new health disparity where higher socioeconomic individuals acquire health information electronically more easily than the disadvantaged. Promotoras or Community Health Workers (CHWs) facilitate access to culturally appropriate cancer health information, screening and care. Hypothesis: An electronic asynchronous breast cancer educational intervention developed by the Arizona Telemedicine Program and the Arizona Health Sciences Library will improve CHW computer literacy and will enhance health education communication. Specific Aims: to develop, implement and assess a 6-session e-promotora training curriculum with a focus on breast health. Methods: The first step in developing a training curriculum was a needs assessment and a computer literacy assessment. This assessment served as the foundation for the computer literacy curriculum which focused on breast health content. The educational intervention was delivered as a combination of on-line, webinar, and face-to-face seminars. To meet the needs of the participants all sessions were delivered bilingually, Spanish and English. Program evaluation included pre and post knowledge assessments, session assignments, program satisfaction and 6-month follow up focus groups or structured interviews to evaluate the utility, implementation and dissemination of knowledge gained. Results: 26 CHWs have completed the training. All participants identified as Latinas, average age – 51 years of age and educational attainment – 58% (15/26) reported high school or less. Pre and post assessment data reveal high program satisfaction scores, increased participant knowledge and confidence in knowledge, consistent and ongoing use of information learned and computer skills gained and effective dissemination of health information gained. Conclusions: The e-promotora training curriculum effectively improves CHW computer literacy, facilitates dissemination of electronic health information and helps address the disparities in electronic health information. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-12-03.
Cretaceous alteration of Jurassic volcanic rocks, Pain Mesa, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica

Abstract The Kirkpatrick basalt (Jurassic) of Pain Mesa in the Mesa Range of northern Victoria Land consists of low-Ti tholeiite basalt overlain by up to six flows of hypocrystalline, high-Ti tholeiite. The Rb and Sr concentrations and 87 Sr 86 Sr ratios of 28 specimens of high-Ti basalt from Pain Mesa yield an anomalously low errorchron date of 100 ± 15 Ma in contrast to whole-rock samples of the low-Ti tholeftes which scatter above and below a 175-Ma reference isochron. The apparent lowering of the RbSr date of the high-Ti flows is attributed to aqueous alteration of the rocks and coincides with the separation of Australia from Antarctica during the Cretaceous Period.
Geographic Constraints on Married Women's Careers:

Data from 275 questionnaires and 38 interviews with “faculty wives,” plus 50 questionnaires from “faculty husbands” are analyzed to study how moves for a husband's job or lack of geographic mobilit...
Self‐diffusion measurements in methane by pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance

The self-diffusion coefficient of methane has been measured from 150° to 350°K. and from 200 to 5,000 lb./sq. in. abs. At constant temperature, the density-diffusivity product is constant up to neighborhood of critical density and decreases sharply above that density. The temperature dependence of the low density data agrees with Chapman-Enskog theory. The Lennard-Jones (6-12) parameters determined from the low density data (ϵ/k = 130°K., σ = 3.85A.) are in good agreement with those determined by other methods. A correlation for the self diffusion coefficient for methane has been developed which may provide predictions of other spherical nonpolar gases.
Identification of coliform genera recovered from water using different technologies.

Aims: Methods for the detection of coliforms in water have changed significantly in recent years with procedures incorporating substrates for the detection of β-d-galactosidase becoming more widely used. This study was undertaken to determine the range of coliform genera detected with methods that rely on lactose fermentation and compare them to those recovered using methods based upon β-d-galactosidase. Methods and Results: Coliform isolates were recovered from sewage-polluted water using m-endo, membrane lauryl sulfate broth, tergitol TTC agar, Colilert-18®, ChromoCult® and ColiScan® for primary isolation. Organisms were grouped according to whether they had been isolated based upon lactose fermentation or β-d-galactosidase production. Conclusions: A wide range of coliform genera were detected using both types of methods. There was considerable overlap between the two groups, and whilst differences were seen between the genera isolated with the two method types, no clear pattern emerged. Substantial numbers of ‘new’ coliforms (e.g. Raoutella spp.) were recovered using both types of methods. Significance and Impact of the Study: The results presented here confirm that both methods based on lactose fermentation or detection of β-d-galactosidase activity recover a range of coliform organisms. Any suggestion that only methods which are based upon fermentation of lactose recover organisms of public health or regulatory significance cannot be substantiated. Furthermore, the higher recovery of coliform organisms from sewage-polluted water using methods utilizing β-d-galactosidase-based methods does not appear to be because of the recovery of substantially more ‘new’ coliforms.
Plant sterols added to combination statin and colesevelam hydrochloride therapy failed to lower low- density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects on LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) from addition of plant sterol treatment to patients with dyslipidemia already taking a statin and colesevelam hydrochloride (HCl). Current cholesterol treatment guidelines recommend use of plant stanols/sterols to help reach LDL-C goals in patients taking other lipid-lowering therapies. Previous data demonstrate LDL-C lowering by adding stanols/sterols to statins. However, data are conflicting regarding the benefit from combination stanols/sterols with bile acid sequestrants. Methods Fifty-five subjects on a stable dose of statin completed a 10-week, double-blind, randomized study of colesevelam HCl 3.75 g/day alone for 4 weeks, then 6 weeks of additional 2 g/day plant sterol-fortified orange juice (S-OJ) or placebo orange juice (P-OJ). Serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured at baseline, 4 weeks, and 10 weeks. Results Baseline LDL-C measurements (mean ± SD) were similar between S-OJ and P-OJ groups (122 ± 20 vs 126 ± 24 mg/dL, respectively). Four weeks of colesevelam HCl in combination with a statin significantly reduced TC, LDL-C, and ApoB (9.6%, P P P = 0.001, respectively), and significantly increased HDL-C (6.2%, P = 0.002) and TG (18.8%, P = 0.002). However, compared to P-OJ, 10 weeks of S-OJ produced no effect on any outcome parameter beyond that of colesevelam HCl. Conclusion Plant S-OJ appears to be ineffective at further reducing LDL-C when added to statin and colesevelam HCl combination therapy in patients with dyslipidemia.
Microfabrication of high aspect ratio microtube arrays to store high density charged particles

Fabrication of a portable high-density charged particle trap with an array of micro-Penning-Malmberg traps (microtraps) with substantially lower end barrier potentials than conventional Penning-Malmberg traps is presented [1]. The microtraps are designed for antimatter storage such as positrons. The fabrication of large length to radius aspect ratio (1000:1) microtrap arrays involved advanced techniques including photolithography, deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of silicon wafers to achieve through-vias, gold sputtering of the wafers surfaces and inside the vias, and thermal compression bonding. The bonded stacks were gold electroplated to achieve a uniform gold surface to minimize the patch effects. Positron losses occur in experimentation by trap imperfections such as misalignment of microtraps, asymmetries, and physical imperfections on the surfaces. This paper describes the fabrication issues encountered and addresses geometry errors and asymmetries.
ABERRANT RECOMBINATION OF PYRIDOXINE MUTANTS OF Neurospora.

Giles [1] has reported that crosses between certain inositol mutants of Neurospora give infrequent wild recombinants, and from the segregation of linked markers it appeared that multiple crossovers might sometimes be involved. The present author subsequently observed that crosses between two closely linked or allelic pyrimidine mutants, one of which carried a "colonial" marker, gave occasional genetically wild offspring, but roughly half of these carried the "colonial" marker and half did not. This was surprising, since the marker appeared to be located only two or three units from the pyrimidine locus or loci, and, if the wild recombinants arose from crossovers between the two pyrimidine mutants, all would be expected to be alike with respect to the marker unless, in half the cases, a second crossover occurred between the pyrimidine locus and the locus of "colonial." These observations will be described in detail elsewhere. Unfortunately, a closely linked marker on the other side of pyrimidine is not known, and, moreover, crosses between these mutants are regularly semisterile, so that it is not possible to observe complete asci. However, another pair of mutants, requiring pyridoxine, also closely linked to "colonial" was found by Dr. T. H. Pittenger (personal communication) to exhibit the same behavior, and these mutants give fertile crosses. When a suitable marker was located [2] on the other side of pyridoxine, a study of recombinants among random spores and in complete asci was undertaken.
Interactional service failures in a pseudorelationship: The role of organizational attributions

Abstract The current research investigates customer responses to interactional service failures, such as a service provider who is rude or inattentive, or unfriendly. We study interactional failures within pseudorelationships, which exist when a customer interacts repeatedly with the same firm but encounters different employees across service occasions. Empirical results demonstrate that customers’ responses to these interactional failures distinguish between the offending employee and the organization. Dissatisfaction with the organization critically depends on the customer's attribution of globality—how widespread the interactional failure is throughout the organization. Globality attributions and dissatisfaction with the organization can be lowered by excellent past experience with the organization; however, that same positive experience increases dissatisfaction with the offending employee. Thus, customers’ discrimination of the organization and employee in a pseudorelationship can work in the organization's favor after an interactional failure, and managing customers’ attributions of globality should be a managerial priority.
Charge transfer and neutralization mechanisms involving saturated hydrocarbon cations

Abstract Charge transfer and neutralization mechanisms in the liquid and gas phase radiolysis of hydrocarbons are reviewed in the light of recent mass spectrometric and photolytic studies.
Multi-site data collection and evaluation in spoken language understanding

The Air Travel Information System (ATIS) domain serves as the common task for DARPA spoken language system research and development. The approaches and results possible in this rapidly growing area are structured by available corpora, annotations of that data, and evaluation methods. Coordination of this crucial infrastructure is the charter of the Multi-Site ATIS Data COllection Working group (MADCOW). We focus here on selection of training and test data, evaluation of language understanding, and the continuing search for evaluation methods that will correlate well with expected performance of the technology in applications.
Portents or Confessions: Authoritative Readings of a Dream Text

As a cultural and historical phenomenon, dreams are universally endowed with significance. Yet, their interpretations have varied widely-in the ascribed "meanings" of dreams and in the ramifications for dreamers. In this article, we examine the social trajectory of a contemporary "dream" that came to light in the context of a police investigation of a murder. We analyze the various institutional codes that refracted this "dream" through their particular vocabularies of motive, agency, and meaning. The case under investigation provides an opportunity to test a working hypothesis about a generalized modern attitude toward dreams: the two aspects of that attitude are that dreams are no longer viewed ds revelatory of future events, and that dreams have been privatized. Evidence from this case confounds these expectations and leads us to develop a theory of coexisting institutional paradigms of interpretation of dreams and of the authority structures that compete for interpretive dominance. Our analysis has yielded insights into situational aspects of cultural phenomena.
Griffiths-McCoy singularities, Lee-Yang zeros, and the cavity method in a solvable diluted ferromagnet

We study the diluted Ising ferromagnet on the Bethe lattice as a case study for the application of the cavity method to problems with Griffiths-McCoy singularities. Specifically, we are able to make much progress at infinite coupling where we compute, from the cavity method, the density of Lee-Yang zeros in the paramagnetic Griffiths region as well as the properties of the phase transition to the ferromagnet. This phase transition is itself of a Griffiths-McCoy character albeit with a power law distribution of cluster sizes.
Oxidative fluorescence quenching of zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) by trivalent lanthanide ions in several solvents: Role of lanthanide-induced singlet–triplet crossing

Abstract The fluorescence emission arising from the S1 -state of zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) is quenched by trivalent lanthanide ions in different solvents. The quenching process involves several types of interactions. The paramagnetic Ln3+-ions enhance the spin-orbit coupling of ZnTPP facilitating singlet–triplet crossing or induced system crossing (kindSC). Values of kindSC measured for different Ln3+-ions exhibit a fair correlation with the number of unpaired f-electrons in the Ln3+-ions used. Induced system crossing reaches a limiting value at a critical [Ln3+], which is of the order of (2–5)×10−3 M, and it does not increase upon further addition of Ln3+-ions. Contribution of electronic excitation energy transfer from 1 ZnTPP * to Ln3+-ions is limited to Pr3+, Ho3+, Nd3+, Er3+ and Tm3+ ions only, due to very unfavorable spectral overlap with remaining Ln3+-ions. On the other hand, electron transfer from 1 ZnTPP * (and possibly 3 ZnTPP * ) to Ln3+-ions, which is thermodynamically allowed for several Ln3+-ions depending upon the solvent used, plays a significant role in the quenching of 1 ZnTPP * (S1) in CH3CN, a limited role in DMF and a negligible role in 2-propanol, in spite of favorable ΔG0el.tr. values in the latter. Values of kindSC and (kET+kel.tr.) in CH3CN range from 1.6×107 s−1 (Tm3+) to 7.0×107 s−1 (Gd3+) and 1.2×1010 M−1 s−1 (Eu3+) to nearly zero (Gd3+), respectively. Corresponding values in DMF are lower.
Do β-blockers really enhance the risk of anaphylaxis during immunotherapy?

Both beta-blockers and allergen immunotherapy are frequently prescribed, and allergy/immunology physicians commonly encounter patients who are candidates for immunotherapy and are receiving beta-blockers. The evidence in the medical literature indicates that although anaphylaxis does not appear to be more frequent, beta-blocker exposure is associated with greater risk for severe anaphylaxis, and for anaphylaxis refractory to treatment. Use of beta-blocker suspension merits consideration to reduce risk for untoward outcomes, while supplanting the beta-blocker medication with an equally efficacious non-beta-blocker alternative. For patients who require a beta-blocker for an indication for which there is no equally effective substitute, a management decision by the physician prescribing allergen immunotherapy should be approached carefully from an individualized risk-benefit standpoint.
Two Actin-Related Proteins Are Shared Functional Components of the Chromatin-Remodeling Complexes RSC and SWI/SNF

Abstract The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two related chromatin-remodeling complexes, RSC and SWI/SNF, which are shown to share the actin-related proteins Arp7 and Arp9. Depending on the genetic background tested, arp7Δ and arp9Δ mutants are either inviable or show greatly impaired growth and Swi − /Snf − mutant phenotypes. Unlike swi/snf mutants, viable arp7Δ or arp9Δ mutants have an Spt − phenotype, suggesting that RSC affects transcription. Temperature-sensitive mutations in ARP7 and ARP9 were isolated, and the amino acid changes support the structural relationship of Arp7 and Arp9 to actin. However, site-directed mutations predicted to impair ATP binding or hydrolysis did not detectably affect Arp7 or Arp9 function. Our results suggest that actin-related proteins perform important roles in chromatin-remodeling complexes by virtue of structural rather than enzymatic similarities to actin.
An elastic model for in-plane deformations of small DNA rings.

Abstract In-plane deformations of an elastic ring are analyzed as a model for structural distortions of small covalently-closed DNA rings with little or no writhe. The static conformation of an unconstrained elastic ring is a geometric circle, but thermal fluctuations away from the circle are found to be significant. An elastic ring confined in a cylindrical pore of rigid radius less than the radius of the free ring is studied as a model for a small DNA ring in a tight resolving gel. The model is extended to include deformability of the pore. Larger rings are relatively more deformed in the pore than smaller ones. This result may be pertinent to the observation that at constant linking number the mobility of small DNA rings in a resolving gel decreases as the number of base pairs increases.
Effects of vitamin A deficiency on the pituitary-gonad axis of the California quail, Lophortyx californicus.

Vitamin A deficiency results in a decrease in number of large basophils (presumed gonadotropes) in male Lophortyx californicus and a decrease in large basophil cell diameters in females. Decrease in functional activity (as judged by number and size) of this cell type may be partially responsible for the observed effects of vitamin A deficiency on reproduction. Gonads of nondeficient birds respond positively to gonadotropins. The testes of vitamin Adeficient birds produce androgens, but spermatogenesis was subnormal. The hormone-producing component of ovaries of vitamin A-deficient birds responds to gonadotropins, but follicular development does not occur. Vitamin A deficiency in the California Quail appears to act both at the pituitary (and/or hypothalamic) level and at the gonadal level to result in decreased reproductive competence.
A UNIFIED FRAMEWORK FOR THE STUDY OF BEHAVIORAL CONSISTENCY : BRIDGING PERSON SITUATION INTERACTION AND THE CONSISTENCY PARADOX

During the past three decades the debates on cross-situational consistency and the analysis of person×situation interaction have developed largely in parallel, employing two distinct research paradigms. The fundamental theoretical questions addressed by both remain ultimately the same, but the differences in the paradigms they have employed prevented findings from one from bearing on the other. The goal of this article is to provide a unifying framework that bridges these two paradigms and helps resolve the ‘consistency paradox’ by combining the advantages of both. Specifically, the framework clarifies the relationships between variance components and aspects of behavioral consistency such as cross-situational consistency, temporal stability, the stability of behavioral signatures, and the utility of forming various types of aggregate predictor. It also places competing accounts of low cross-situational consistency within a unifying framework, and shows that they are not contradictory but complementary facets of the general relationship between the organization of behavior and cross-situational consistency. These formal relationships and predictions are illustrated using the Carleton College data of Mischel and Peake (1982). Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Aureomycin on Young Dairy Calves Raised in a New Environment

Summary The effect of oral-fed and intramuscular-injected aureomycin on young calves raised in a new uncontaminated and in an old environment was investigated. The data show that regardless of what type of environment calves are raised in, aureomycin administration statistically (P There was no significant difference in white blood cell counts among the antibiotic and control groups in the old and new quarters, indicating that all calves apparently were in a similar state of health.
Sensitivity to lexical denotation and connotation in brain-damaged patients: a double dissociation?

Abstract Sets of words can be grouped in terms of their denotation (cold and warm both refer literally to temperature) or in terms of their connotation (cold and warm connote remoteness and intimacy, respectively). To assess whether these two facets of meaning are dissociable, unilaterally left- and right-hemisphere-damaged patients were presented with word triads and asked to group together the two words that were closest in meaning. Right-hemisphere-damaged patients showed a preserved sensitivity to denotation, and a selective insensitivity to connotative facets of meanings. In contrast, left-hemisphere-damaged patients exhibited a preserved sensitivity to connotation as well as a selective-insensitivity to denotative aspects of meanings. Inasmuch as normal control subjects displayed a flexible sensitivity to both denotative and connotative aspects of meaning, the results suggest that unilateral brain damage selectively curtails use of one or the other major aspect of word meaning.
SU‐DD‐A3‐02: Real‐Time Tracking of Implanted Fiducial Markers Using Combined KV and MV Imaging

Purpose: In the presence of organ motion, geometric target uncertainty can hamper the benefits of highly conformal dose techniques such as IMRT. A critical step in dealing with intra‐fraction tumor motion is the real‐time monitoring of the tumor position. The aim of this study is the first time demonstration of a real‐time 3D internal fiducial tracking system based on onboard kV diagnostic imaging together with a MV electronic portal‐imaging device (EPID).Method and Materials: A Varian Trilogy radiotherapy system equipped with both kV and MV imaging systems was used in this work. A hardware frame grabber was used to capture both kV and MV video streams simultaneously at 30 fps. An in house built support vector machine (SVM) classifier tool using prior CT based knowledge was used to locate gold cylindrical markers in the kV/MV frames. Controlled kV beam switching, synced with the ‘step’ part of a step‐and‐shoot IMRT delivery, was investigated in allowing continuous 3D tracking in the presence of beam interruption. A correlation/prediction algorithm was used to buffer lost geometric marker information during kV/MV synchronization. The geometric tracking capabilities of the system were evaluated using a pelvic phantom with embedded fiducials placed on a 3D moveable stage. Results: The maximum 3D tracking speed of the kV‐MV system is approximately 9 Hz. The geometric accuracy of the system is found to be on the order of less than 1 mm in all three spatial dimensions. Synchronized kV/MV switching is found to reduce MV scatter interference on kV imaging and to reduce the overall kV diagnostic dose needed for continuous tracking. Conclusion: A real‐time 3D fiducial tracking system using combined kV and MV imaging has been successfully demonstrated for the first time. The technique is especially suitable for RT systems already equipped with on board kV and EPIDimaging devices.
Accounting for mergers and reverse mergers: An instructional assignment using SEC Form 10-K and S-4 disclosures

This instructional assignment explores two real-world business combinations, focusing on contextual factors surrounding the merger as well as accounting recognition by the legal acquirer. The business combinations studied in this assignment are Exxon Mobil Corporation’s (2010) acquisition of XTO Energy Inc. and the 2010 reverse merger between RRI Energy, Inc. and Mirant Corporation. Students must utilize disclosures in Forms 10-K and S-4 to: (1) investigate the reasons behind the merger, (2) examine the criteria used for determination of the “accounting acquirer” (in the case of RRI Energy and Mirant), and finally (3) prepare the entries to combine the firms at the time of merger. Students must learn the basics of reverse-acquisition accounting from relevant authoritative pronouncements as well as study the legal environment surrounding business combinations. Targeted for Advanced Accounting courses, this instructional assignment meets calls from the accounting profession and the Accounting Education Exchange Commission (1990) for instructors to integrate real-world problems that capture complex business transactions into the course curriculum.
ON THE EXPLANATION OF PHONIC INTERFERENCE1

The question as to what information is of fundamental importance in the construction of phonological tasks in a course in a foreign language is raised and an attempt is made to indicate an answer with respect to a particular problem encountered by native speakers of Japanese and Russian in learning English. Conventional phonemics and contrastive analysis are found deficient as bases for the explanation of this problem and generative phonology is shown to provide a more promising basis. Finally, suggestions are made for incorporating information from a generative phonology into a set of tasks which would have the goal of eliminating the observed interference behavior.
Effects of Stator Flow Distortion on Rotating Blade Endurance: Part 2—Stress Analysis and Failure Criteria

Blade vibrations, with the possibility of failure, is one of the major factors controlling the reliability of compressors and turbines. The prospects of encountering high alternating stress environments in blades make efficient turbomachine operation a very challenging task. In many cases the compressor or turbine functions through a wide range of load, flow, temperature, and speed which affect blade vibration, thus the stress environment continuously changes as the operating conditions changes. Any flow disturbance upstream of the rotating blades and some disturbances downstream will produce repetitive wake pulses that excite the blades. Resonance occurs with any coincidence of repetitive pulses with structural natural frequencies of rotating blades or impellers resulting in substantial amplification of alternating stresses. Most OEM design practices control vibratory stresses by avoiding resonance with expected stator sources; those excitations that cannot be avoided are designed with sufficient endurance to prevent failure. Thus three aspects of rotor/ blade design affect reliability: 1) aerodynamic excitation level and frequency, 2) structural response and resonance margins, and 3) selection and control of materials, coatings and their fabrication process to withstand the service environment. The main objective of this study is to develop a mathematical model to simulate the stresses in the rotating blade row that evaluates all three aspects of design to assess long term endurance.This is a two part paper on high cycle fatigue (HCF) failure analysis procedure of rotating blades and impellers. Part 1 [1] discusses aerodynamic excitation caused by stator vane and its role in generation of blade vibration. Here comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to get a better understanding of the stator-rotor flow interactions at different operating conditions. The results of the aerodynamic simulations are order related excitation spectrum that can be applied to the stress/pulsation relationship defined in this part of the paper.This paper, Part 2, discusses an empirical dynamic stress model developed by impulse testing, assessing material endurance strength, and evaluation of criteria for failure by HCF.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Characterization of aluminum hydroxide thin film on metallic aluminum powder

This article reports on the thickness and nature of the passivation film of industrial aluminum powders, which are of a great technological interest. These powders are used in the iron and steel industry as agents of reduction and pigment and as solid fuel of engines and rockets. Grain size was 9 μm. The XPS results enabled the determination of the thickness of the thin film, 35 A, and to confirm the presence of aluminum hydroxide in the film, without indicating the type of aluminum hydroxide. The Raman spectrum revealed that the aluminum hydroxide of the passivation film was a bayerite. Only the infrared spectra allowed the characterization of both the nature and the presence of reactive sites on the powder: the passivation film was made up of bayerite containing surface groups of AlOH21/2+ type. I emphasize, herein, the spectroscopic performance carried out for obtaining the infrared and Raman spectra of the thin film of a thickness less than 5 nm.
A note on the paper of V. R. Regel and A. M. Leksovsky “A study of fatigue within the framework of the kinetic concept of fracture”

The structure-sensitive parameter y which describes the influence of uniaxial stress on the rate of molecular breakage can, according to recent calculations, be related to the elastic modulus, E(ɛ), of the oriented sample. The values of E(ɛ)/E(∞) as determined from the fracture experiments of Regel and Leksovsky are in good agreement with direct measurements and with theoretical predictions made for composite materials.
QED of high-Z two- and three-electron ions

Abstract The role of high accuracy spectroscopy of two- and three-electron ions for tests of QED in many-body systems is discussed. It is argued that the study of ions with large nuclear charge is particularly well adapted to such tests because of the simultaneous enhancement of QED effects and increased convergence of many-body perturbation theory (MBPT). A set of Feynman graphs associated with QED and MBPT is discussed.
Transport through permselective membranes

Abstract The nature of selective penetrant permeability of synthetic polymer membranes is reviewed and discussed in terms of some of the factors that most affect the transport behavior. The interdependence of these factors is emphasized for diffusion and sorption in structurally heterogeneous membranes. A simple description of permeation behavior of asymmetric heterogeneous membranes can be employed when it is reasonable to assume that the major factors affecting penetrant transport are differences in solubilities due to a variation in polymer structure and composition through the membrane. The resultant equations have been applied to sets of hypothetical membranes of varying structures and solubility properties representative of real systems to predict rates of flow and the preference factor describing the different flow rates observed for permeation in opposite directions through an asymmetric membrane.
Integrating Information Competencies into the Allied Health Curriculum at Gavilan College

Abstract Information competency is increasingly important to the learning process at Gavilan College. Supported by a $35,000 grant from the California Community College Chancellor's Office, a team of Allied Health (AH) and Library faculty developed new components and revised courses in the Allied Health curriculum. The main objective was to introduce Allied Health students and faculty to a wide array of information technologies, computer applications and information competency concepts. Our goal was to reconfigure the Allied Health curriculum to reflect the impact of information technology on the health professions by inserting information competency components into AH courses. These changes in the curriculum each year impact about 450 students enrolled in the Allied Health curriculum, 475 students enrolled in Biology course co-offered with Allied Health, and 150 students enrolled in Library courses. Three new one-unit Library/Allied Health courses were developed and five three-unit Allied Health courses ...
Experimentation and scientific method in the classical world: Their rise and decline

Focusing mostly on medicine, the author discusses evidence of the use of the experimental method in antiquity, particularly in the Western world. Instead of progressing toward a scientific revolution, however, the experimental method was abandoned after Galen. It is concluded that this was due to the shift of emphasis from physical to spiritual concerns fostered by Christianity.
Rapid update of odd DCT and DST for real-time signal processing

When processing a signal or an image using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) or Discrete Sine Transform (DST), a typical approach is to extract a portion of the signal by windowing and then form the DCT or DST of the window contents. By shifting the window point by point over the signal, the entire signal may be processed. DCTs and DSTs are defined where the denominator in the transform kernel is either an odd or an even integer, resulting in transforms known as the even DCT (EDCT), even DST (EDST), odd DCT (ODCT) and odd DST (ODST). Each is available in types I to IV, for a total of 16 different transforms. The widely used transform commonly called the "DCT" is actually the EDCT-II. In this paper we extend our previous work using the EDCT-II and EDST-II, and show that a similar approach yields algorithms for the ODCT-II and ODST-II. We develop algorithms to "update" the ODCT-II and ODST-II simultaneously to reflect the modified window contents using less computation than directly evaluating the modified transform via standard Fast Transform algorithms. These algorithms are able to handle arbitrary step sizes up to the length of the transform, i.e. the algorithm simultaneously updates the ODCT-II and ODST-II to reflect inclusion of r, where 1 ≤ r ≤ N-1, additional data points and removal of r old points from the signal. Examples of applications where this algorithm would be useful include target recognition where time constraints may not permit the immediate processing of every incoming data point, adaptive system identification, etc.
Determination of bovine retinal melatonin with HPLC-EC.

Bovine retinae, devoid of pigment epithelium, were assayed for endogenous melatonin using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC). A method of extracting the more polar biogenic amines and metabolites was employed, allowing for direct injection of retinal supernatants into the chromatographic column. The results: 1) confirm the presence of melatonin in the bovine retina; 2) provide a “benchmark” of 3.01 ng/retina for normal adult retinae collected during photophase; and 3) indicate that HPLC-EC represents an adequately sensitive instrument for the detection and quantification of melatonin in a single bovine retina.
NF1-L Is the DNA-binding Component of the Protein Complex at the Peripherin Negative Regulatory Element (∗)

The peripherin gene, which encodes a neuronal-specific intermediate filament protein, is transcriptionally induced with a late time course when nerve growth factor stimulates PC12 cells to differentiate into neurons. We have defined a negative regulatory element (NRE) that has a functional role in repressing peripherin expression in undifferentiated and nonneuronal cells. Nerve growth factor-induced derepression of peripherin gene expression is associated with alterations in proteins binding to a GC-rich DNA sequence in the NRE as detected by the DNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). We have utilized DNA affinity chromatography to purify from rat liver a 33-kDa DNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes the NRE. Microsequencing reveals identity with NF1-L, a member of the CTF/NF-1 transcription factor family. This protein forms a single complex when incubated with the NRE probe using EMSA analysis. The more slowly migrating complexes characteristic of crude undifferentiated PC12 cell extract are reconstituted by mixing the purified protein with the flow-through from the DNA affinity column, thereby demonstrating that protein-protein interactions are involved in complex formation. Supershift experiments incubating anti-CTF-1 antibody with undifferentiated PC12 cell extract prior to EMSA analysis confirm that NF1-L, or a closely related family member, is the DNA-binding protein component of the multiprotein complex at the NRE.