cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Active pneumatic control of centrifugal microfluidic flows for lab-on-a-chip applications

This paper reports a novel method of controlling liquid motion on a centrifugal microfluidic platform based on the integration of a regulated pressure pump and a programmable electromechanical valving system. We demonstrate accurate control over the displacement of liquids within the system by pressurizing simultaneously multiple ports of the microfluidic device while the platform is rotating at high speed. Compared to classical centrifugal microfluidic platforms where liquids are solely driven by centrifugal and capillary forces, the method presented herein adds a new degree of freedom for fluidic manipulation, which represents a paradigm change in centrifugal microfluidics. We first demonstrate how various core microfluidic functions such as valving, switching, and reverse pumping (i.e., against the centrifugal field) can be easily achieved by programming the pressures applied at dedicated access ports of the microfluidic device. We then show, for the first time, that the combination of centrifugal force and active pneumatic pumping offers the possibility of mixing fluids rapidly (~0.1 s) and efficiently based on the creation of air bubbles at the bottom of a microfluidic reservoir. Finally, the suitability of the developed platform for performing complex bioanalytical assays in an automated fashion is demonstrated in a DNA harvesting experiment where recovery rates of about 70% were systematically achieved. The proposed concept offers the interesting prospect to decouple basic microfluidic functions from specific material properties, channel dimensions and fabrication tolerances, surface treatments, or on-chip active components, thus promoting integration of complex assays on simple and low-cost microfluidic cartridges.
Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Polymers with Different Chromophore Arrangements

Second-order nonlinear optical polymers can be divided into four groups regarding arrangements of chromophore dipoles in polymer backbones, namely, side-chain polymers, random, head-to-tail, and head-to-head main-chain polymers. A variety of polymers with the aforementioned configurations have been designed and synthesized from functionalized amino-nitro azobenzene chromophores. Poling processes of these polymeric materials have been investigated by in-situ poling and second-harmonic generation detection.
Case of an elevated right hemidiaphragm appearing as a mass adjacent to the right atrium

An 80-year-old man with prior renal cancer and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy sought care at our institution for the evaluation of obstructive jaundice. He had reported abdominal pain to his family members a few weeks previously. Transthoracic echocardiography performed for the evaluation of cardiomyopathy showed decreased left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction, 19%). In addition, there was a large mass compressing the right atrium …
Outcomes of Long-Term Testosterone Replacement in Older Hypogonadal Males: A Retrospective Analysis

To determine the complications, toxicities, and compliance of long term testosterone replacement in hypogonadal males, we retrospectively assessed 45 elderly hypogonadal men receiving testosterone replacement therapy and 27 hypogonadal men taking testosterone. Hypogonadism was defined as a bioavailable testosterone serum concentration of 72 ng/dL or less. Both groups received baseline physical examinations and blood tests. The testosterone-treated group received 200 mg testosterone enanthate or cypionate im every 2 weeks, and follow-up examinations and blood samplings were performed every 3 months. The control group had a single follow-up blood test and physical examination. There was no significant difference in the initial blood tests in the two groups. At 2 yr follow-up, only the hematocrit showed a statistically significant increase in the testosterone-treated group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). A decrease in the urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio and an increase in the prostate-specific a...
Whole Blueberry Powder Modulates the Growth and Metastasis of MDA-MB-231 Triple Negative Breast Tumors in Nude Mice

Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that blueberry (BB) extract exhibited antitumor activity against MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and decreased metastatic potential in vitro. The current study tested 2 doses of whole BB powder, 5 and 10% (wt:wt) in the diet, against MDA-MB-231 tumor growth in female nude mice. In this study, tumor volume was 75% lower in mice fed the 5% BB diet and 60% lower in mice fed the 10% BB diet than in control mice (P ≤ 0.05). Tumor cell proliferation (Ki-67) was lower in the 5 and 10% BB-fed mice and cell death (Caspase 3) was greater in the 10% BB-fed mice compared to control mice (P ≤ 0.05). Gene analysis of tumor tissues from the 5% BB-fed mice revealed significantly altered expression of genes important to inflammation, cancer, and metastasis, specifically, Wnt signaling, thrombospondin-2, IL-13, and IFNγ. To confirm effects on Wnt signaling, analysis of tumor tissues from 5% BB-fed mice revealed lower β-catenin expression and glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation with greater expression of the β-catenin inhibitory protein adenomatous polyposis coli compared to controls. A second study tested the ability of the 5% BB diet to inhibit MDA-MB-231-luc-D3H2LN metastasis in vivo. In this study, 5% BB-fed mice developed 70% fewer liver metastases (P = 0.04) and 25% fewer lymph node metastases (P = 0.09) compared to control mice. This study demonstrates the oral antitumor and metastasis activity of whole BB powder against TNBC in mice.
Backward Bifurcations and Multiple Equilibria in Epidemic Models with Structured Immunity

Many disease pathogens stimulate immunity in their hosts, which then wanes over time. To better understand the impact of this immunity on epidemiological dynamics, we propose an epidemic model structured according to immunity level that can be applied in many different settings. Under biologically realistic hypotheses, we find that immunity alone never creates a backward bifurcation of the disease-free steady state. This does not rule out the possibility of multiple stable equilibria, but we provide two sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of the endemic equilibrium, and show that these conditions ensure uniqueness in several common special cases. Our results indicate that the within-host dynamics of immunity can, in principle, have important consequences for population-level dynamics, but also suggest that this would require strong non-monotone effects in the immune response to infection. Neutralizing antibody titer data for measles are used to demonstrate the biological application of our theory.
Gamma rays from the interaction of 14-MeV neutrons with beryllium

Abstract The cross section for the Be 9 ( n, t′ ) Li 7∗ → Li 7 + γ (0.477 MeV ) reaction has been measured in the vicinity of 14 MeV by detecting the gamma-rays at scattering angles from 30° to 150°. A time-of-flight technique was used to distinguish the gamma-rays from the high neutron background. The cross section drops from 20 mb at 13.6 MeV to 10 mb at 14.1 MeV and then rises to 30 mb at 14.7 MeV.
A comparison of two methods of estimating a common risk difference in a stratified analysis of a multicenter clinical trial

In this paper, we compare two methods of estimating the difference between the proportion of adverse events in a test treatment group and the proportion of adverse events in a control treatment group in a multicenter clinical trial. We used simulated data to compare the bias and mean squared error of the weighted least squares estimator to the bias and mean squared error of the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel estimator. We also computed the coverage probabilities for confidence intervals derived from these estimators. We found that the weighted least squares method was often seriously biased. The coverage probabilities for the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel estimators were often closer to their nominal values than were the coverage probabilities for the weighted least squares estimators. It also was found that these methods require a larger sample size to maintain coverage probabilities near their nominal values when unequal numbers of persons are assigned to the test and control treatments.
Myriopteris windhamii sp. nov., a New Name For Cheilanthes villosa (Pteridaceae)

Abstract Recent studies examining the evolutionary relationships of species assigned to Cheilanthes (Pteridaceae) reveal that the genus is highly polyphyletic. To achieve a monophyletic generic classification of the 400+ taxa of cheilanthoid ferns, it is necessary to transfer species that are only distantly related to the type species (Cheilanthes micropteris) to other genera. One of these species is Cheilanthes villosa Davenp. ex Maxon, which needs to be reassigned to the genus Myriopteris. Because the epithet villosa is preoccupied in Myriopteris and there are no synonyms for this distinctive taxon, a new name is required. The species is herein renamed Myriopteris windhamii.
Spinodal decomposition in a film with periodically distributed interfacial dislocations

Phase field approach is applied to modeling the spinodal decomposition process in a thin film with periodically distributed arrays of interfacial dislocations. The elastic stress field in the simultaneous presence of interfacial dislocations, substrate constraint, and compositional strains is obtained by solving the mechanical equilibrium equations using an iteration method. It is shown that the periodic stress field associated with the array of interfacial dislocations leads to a directional phase separation and the formation of ordered mesoscale microstructures. It is demonstrated that when the periodicity of the dislocation is small, the wavelength of the ordered microstructure tends to be the same periodicity as the dislocation array. The results have important practical implications that an ordered nanostructures could be produced by controlling the interfacial dislocation distribution.
Effects of Slope and Aspect Variations on Satellite Surface Temperature Retrievals and Mesoscale Analysis in Mountainous Terrain

Abstract Surface temperature retrieval in mountainous areas is complicated by the high variability of temperatures that can occur within a single satellite field of view. Temperatures depend in part on slope orientation relative to the sun, which can vary radically over very short distances. The surface temperature detected by a satellite is biased toward the temperatures of the sub-field-of-view terrain elements that most directly face the satellite. Numerical simulations were conducted to estimate the effects of satellite viewing geometry on surface temperature retrievals for a section of central Colorado. Surface temperatures were computed using a mesoscale model with a parameterization of subgrid variations in slope and aspect angles. The simulations indicate that the slope-aspect effect can lead to local surface temperature variations up to 30°C for autumn conditions in the Colorado mountains. For realistic satellite viewing conditions, these variations can give rise to biases in retrieved surface te...
Dynamic Modeling of Heat Exchangers With Humidity and Condensation

The effects of air humidity on the performance of refrigerant-to-air heat exchangers in vapor compression systems (VCSs) are non-negligible in modeling and control design for some applications. Such applications include both those in which the ambient humidity is expected to vary greatly over time and those in which control of the air outlet humidity is desired. This paper presents a control-oriented dynamic model for cross-flow refrigerant-to-air heat exchangers that uses knowledge of the air inlet humidity to improve the accuracy of refrigerant-side and air-side outputs, as well as to calculate the air outlet humidity and rate of condensate formation. Simulation results are validated with experimental data collected from a 1kW VCS test stand.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Takings and Trespass: Trespass Liability for Precondemnation Entries

When the government, a utility company, or another entity with the power of eminent domain enters land before acquiring it, the courts are extremely divided about whether the landowner can sue for trespass or only for inverse condemnation. A court's decision on this issue has tremendous practical implications. For example, it substantially affects the remedies that are available to the landowner, including its right to recover the property. The court's decision also has significant public policy implications because it involves the balance between government sovereignty over land and protection of private property rights.
The role of Pine Island Glacier ice shelf basal channels in deep-water upwelling, polynyas and ocean circulation in Pine Island Bay, Antarctica

Several hundred visible and thermal infrared satellite images of Antarctica's southeast Amundsen Sea from 1986 to 2011, combined with aerial observations in 2009, show a strong inverse relation between prominent curvilinear surface depressions and the underlying basal morphology of the outer Pine Island Glacier ice shelf. Shipboard measurements near the calving front reveal positive temperature, salinity and current anomalies indicative of melt-laden, deep-water outflows near and above the larger channel termini. These buoyant plumes rise to the surface and are expressed as small polynyas in the sea ice and thermal signatures in the open water. The warm upwellings also trace the cyclonic surface circulation in Pine Island Bay. The satellite coverage suggests changing modes of ocean/ ice interactions, dominated by leads along the ice shelf through 1999, fast ice and polynyas from 2000 to 2007, and larger areas of open water since 2008.
The Relationship Between Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Late 19th/Early 20th Century Wrought Iron Using the Generalized Method of Cells Model

The discovery of the RMS Titanic has led to a number of scientific studies, one of which addresses the role that the structural materials played in the sinking of the ship. Chemical, microstructural, and mechanical analysis of the hull steel suggests that it was state-of-the-art for 1912 with adequate fracture toughness for the application. However, the quality of the wrought iron rivets may have been an important factor in the opening of the steel plates during flooding. Preliminary studies of Titanic wrought iron rivets revealed an orthotropic, inhomogeneous composite material composed of glassy iron silicate (slag) particles embedded in a ferrite matrix. To date, very little is understood about the properties of wrought iron from that period. Therefore, in order to assess the quality of the Titanic material, contemporary wrought iron was obtained from additional late 19th/early 20th century buildings, bridges, and ships for comparison. Image analysis completed on the Titanic wrought iron microstructure showed a high slag content that is very coarse and unevenly distributed. To investigate how microstructure impacts the mechanical properties, and hence the quality of late 19th/early 20th century wrought iron, a detailed analysis of the relationship between the microstructural features and the mechanical behavior was completed. Here we present the first step in that process: the use of the Generalized Method of Cells (GMC) to predict the mechanical response of composites with variable microstructural properties. The GMC tool is used to generate the effective inelastic behavior of the composite from the individual constituent properties.
Yellow-headed blackbird nest defense: aggressive responses to marsh wrens

Marsh Wrens (Cistothorus palustris) destroyed Yellow-headed Blackbird (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) eggs presented on wren territories and probably disrupted at least 10 of 189 yellowhead nesting attempts. Male yellowheads discriminated among Marsh Wren, Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), and Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) songs, with the greatest proportion of aggressive approaches in response to broadcast Marsh Wren songs. The proportion of aggressive approaches by male yellowheads to Marsh Wren playbacks beside yellowhead nests was 27% and did not change with the stage of the nest; but the proportion of aggressive responses by females did vary, and was highest (53%) in response to playbacks beside nests containing eggs. Male responses are interpreted as reflecting territorial defense against Marsh Wrens, and female responses as a localized nest defense against egg predators.
Delayed intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with trophectoderm biopsy and preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) show increased aneuploidy rates but can lead to live births with single thawed euploid embryo transfer (STEET)

Purpose The aim of this study was to report the results of IVF with trophectoderm biopsy and preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) following delayed intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
Usefulness of Left Ventricular Mass and Geometry for Determining 10-Year Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults Aged >65 Years (from the Cardiovascular Health Study)

Left ventricular (LV) mass and geometry are associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We sought to determine whether LV mass and geometry contribute to risk prediction for CVD in adults aged ≥65 years of the Cardiovascular Health Study. We indexed LV mass to body size, denoted as LV mass index (echo-LVMI), and we defined LV geometry as normal, concentric remodeling, and eccentric or concentric LV hypertrophy. We added echo-LVMI and LV geometry to separate 10-year risk prediction models containing traditional risk factors and determined the net reclassification improvement (NRI) for incident coronary heart disease (CHD), CVD (CHD, heart failure [HF], and stroke), and HF alone. Over 10 years of follow-up in 2,577 participants (64% women, 15% black, mean age 72 years) for CHD and CVD, the adjusted hazards ratios for a 1-SD higher echo-LVMI were 1.25 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.37), 1.24 (1.15 to 1.33), and 1.51 (1.40 to 1.62), respectively. Addition of echo-LVMI to the standard model for CHD resulted in an event NRI of −0.011 (95% CI −0.037 to 0.028) and nonevent NRI of 0.034 (95% CI 0.008 to 0.076). Addition of echo-LVMI and LV geometry to the standard model for CVD resulted in an event NRI of 0.013 (95% CI −0.0335 to 0.0311) and a nonevent NRI of 0.043 (95% CI 0.011 to 0.09). The nonevent NRI was also significant with addition of echo-LVMI for HF risk prediction (0.10, 95% CI 0.057 to 0.16). In conclusion, in adults aged ≥65 years, echo-LVMI improved risk prediction for CHD, CVD, and HF, driven primarily by improved reclassification of nonevents.
Carl Gustav Jung and the psychobiology of schizophrenia.

Sir, Carl Gustav Jung MD is remembered for his place in the history of psychoanalysis (Naifeh, 2001), but in the first years of the 20th century he entered the world stage in a different discipline, that of biological psychiatry and neurology. Jung studied the psychobiology of psychiatric illness, notably schizophrenia—at the time termed ‘dementia praecox’—at the Burgholzli Clinic in Zurich, then directed by Eugen Bleuler (Moller et al. , 2002). Early on, he published laboratory studies of galvanic skin response in psychiatric illness and reported them in Brain (Peterson and Jung, 1907; see review by Compston, 2011), with follow-on studies appearing later that year in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology (Ricksher and Jung, 1907). His research still resonates today in the field of biological psychiatry, notably among 21st century studies of electrodermal activity (EDA) (Nilsson et al. , 2015; Peterman et al. , 2015). Peterson and Jung cited physiologist Ivan Tarchanoff (Ivane Tarkhnishvili in his native Georgian; Tsagareli, 2012) as the first to discover the effect of ‘strong emotion’ (fear, fright, or joy) and ‘expectant attention or anticipation’ on the galvanometer. They noted that in 1890 Tarchanoff posited that galvanic skin response …
Depression, Psychosis, and Agitation in Stroke

Abstract Several neuropsychiatric disorders may arise as complications of stroke, including depression, anxiety, agitation, mania, apathy, emotional lability, psychosis, and fatigue. These disorders are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, higher caregiver burden, and poor functional recovery following a stroke. Therefore, early diagnosis and effective management of these conditions is an important aspect of poststroke care. In this chapter, we discuss the clinical diagnosis, risk factors, and treatment of three of the most serious neuropsychiatric complications of stroke, namely, depression, psychosis, and agitation.
Home: Residential Geographies of Contained (Re)ordering

Smart growth is about attacking sprawl, particularly as this involves the (re)ordering of residential development. Yet countering sprawl takes on complex institutional, strategic, and policy forms. While many Federal policies continue to promote low-density forms of development, state-progressives support smart growth policies because they believe that enhanced compactness will improve environmental performance. Whether it does or not, how so, in what ways, and for whom, are nonetheless unresolved, contested questions. This chapter focuses empirically on policy efforts since the early 1990s to counter sprawl using regionally coordinated urban growth boundaries. In order to make the themes more cosmopolitan and comparative, the discussion refers to this overall strategy, institutionalized legally by the Growth Management Act of 1990/1991, as “smart containment.” Particular attention is paid to tensions between the recent, inter-scalar policy pursuit of sustainability through smart containment and older, obdurate problems of segregation, picking up synoptic themes touched upon and developed in earlier chapters.
Abstract P6-16-08: The impact of genomic mutation on metastatic breast cancer treatment: A retrospective clinical trial

Background: Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has made genomic mutation-driven cancer medicine feasible. Recognizing the importance of pathway and biomarker-driven personalized therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), we frequently submit tumor tissue for FoundationOne® genomic sequencing. Here we report the results and clinical impact of this test in 44 patients with MBC. Patients and Methods: An institution IRB protocol was established for this retrospective clinical trial performed at the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center from January 2014 to May 2016 with available tumor genomic DNA mutation results through FoundationOne® testing. Patients9 clinical characteristics including age, race, treatment history, clinical outcome and genomic mutation profiles were reviewed. Results: We identified 44 patients with MBC submitted for FoundationOne® genomic profiling: 24 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), 16 estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and 4 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+). A total of 23 patients received over 3 lines of chemotherapies prior to FoundationOne® testing. Actionable mutations were identified in 42 of the 44 patients and 23 patients (52%) initiated mutation-driven targeted therapies. Of these 23 patients treated, a total of 17 had accessible responses and 6 patients did not have accessible responses due to short exposure ( Conclusion: Targeted genomic sequencing through FoundationOne® can identify effective therapy that has not generally been used based on pathology type. NGS should be performed early in patients with good performance status. This approach should be utilized in a setting where genomic mutation driven therapeutic trials are available. Contact information: Yuan Yuan MD PhD, Department of Medical Oncology & Molecular Therapeutics; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; Duarte, CA 91030; Email: yuyuan@coh.org. Citation Format: Yuan Y, Yost S, Yuan Y-C, Liu Z, Frankel P, Nicola S, Mortimer J. The impact of genomic mutation on metastatic breast cancer treatment: A retrospective clinical trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-16-08.
Functional Status Modifies the Association of Blood Pressure with Death in Elders: Health and Retirement Study

Objective To examine whether grip strength, gait speed, and the combination of the two physical functioning measures modified the association of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) with mortality. Design Nationally representative cohort study. Setting Health and Retirement Study. Participants 7,492 U.S. adults aged ≥65 years. Measurements Grip strength was measured by a hand dynamometer and classified as normal (≥16 kg for female; ≥26 kg for male) and weak. Gait speed was assessed over a 98.5-inch walk and classified as non-slow (≥0.60 m/s for female; ≥0.52 m/s for male) and slow. Results Over an average follow-up time of 6.0 years, 1,870 (25.0%) participants died. After adjustment for socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical measures, elevated SBP (≥150 mmHg) and DBP (≥90 mmHg) was associated with a 24% (95% CI, 7–43%) and 25% (95% CI, 5–49%) higher mortality among participants with normal grip strength. In contrast, elevated SBP and DBP was associated with a 6% (95% CI, 31 to −27%) and a 16% (95% CI, 46 to −26%) lower mortality among those with weak grip strength (P-values of interactions: both=.07). The inverse relations between BP with death were most pronounced among slow walkers with weak grip strength. The HRs of elevated SBP and DBP for death was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.56–1.29) and 0.53 (95% CI, 0.30–0.96), respectively, and was substantially different from non-slow walkers with normal grip strength (HR = 1.24 and 1.15, respectively; P-values of interactions: both <.001). Therefore, associations of BP with death varied modestly by gait speed. Conclusion Grip strength modified the association of BP with death. Combination of grip strength and gait speed has incremental value for modifying the association of BP with death.
Dynamics of Cloud-Top Generating Cells in Winter Cyclones. Part III: Shear and Convective Organization

AbstractCloud-top generating cells (GCs) are a common feature atop stratiform clouds within the comma head of winter cyclones. The dynamics of cloud-top GCs are investigated using very high-resolution idealized WRF Model simulations to examine the role of shear in modulating the structure and intensity of GCs. Simulations were run for the same combinations of radiative forcing and instability as in Part II of this series, but with six different shear profiles ranging from 0 to 10 m s−1 km−1 within the layer encompassing the GCs.The primary role of shear was to modulate the organization of GCs, which organized as closed convective cells in simulations with radiative forcing and no shear. In simulations with shear and radiative forcing, GCs organized in linear streets parallel to the wind. No GCs developed in the initially stable simulations with no radiative forcing. In the initially unstable and neutral simulations with no radiative forcing or shear, GCs were exceptionally weak, with no clear organization...
Dynamics and inertia of a skyrmion in chiral magnets and interfaces: A linear response approach based on magnon excitations

Taking all the magnon modes into account, we derive the skyrmion dynamics in response to a weak external drive. A skyrmion has rotational symmetry, and the magnon modes can be characterized by an angular momentum. For a weak distortion of a skyrmion, only the magnon modes with an angular momentum $|m|=1$ govern the dynamics of skyrmion topological center. The skyrmion inertia is determined by the magnon modes in the continuum spectrum. For a skyrmion driven by a magnetic field gradient or by a spin transfer torque generated by a current, the dynamical response is practically instantaneous. This justifies the rigid skyrmion approximation used in Thiele's collective coordinate approach. For a skyrmion driven by a spin Hall torque, the torque couples to the skyrmion motion through the magnons in the continuum and damping; therefore the skyrmion dynamics shows sizable inertia in this case. The trajectory of a skyrmion is an ellipse for an ac drive of spin Hall torque.
In vitro study of central nervous system foreign body response towards hydrogel particle modified planar substrate.

Central nervous system (CNS) neural device functionality hinges on effective communication with surrounding neurons. This depends on both the permissiveness of the device material to promote neuron integration and the ability of the device to avoid a chronic inflammatory response. Previously our lab developed a method using surface adsorbed hydrogel particles (HPs) to promote neuron integration onto typically non-neural-permissive substrates. However, little information is known regarding CNS inflammatory cell type responses towards the modified HP surface. In vitro adhesion, proliferation, and activation studies were implemented using NIH 3T3, RAW 264.7, and A172 cell lines to model fibroblast, macrophages and activated microglia, and astrocytes, respectively. For all cell types, the HP modified substrates elicited cell adhesion and sustained cell metabolic activity during a 3-day culture. RAW 264.7 cell activation was evaluated using a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging. Quantified TNF-α levels from the LbL/HP cells were greater than the control substrate, however, investigation with SEM suggested these cells’ morphology was different from a typical activated state. A172 cell activation was evaluated by fluorescent staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and SEM imaging, which revealed similarly low GFAP levels on both bare and HP modified substrates. A172 cell morphology showed mainly an undifferentiated and non-activated state. These results help lay the groundwork to design the HP system for future in vitro and in vivo investigations to ultimately realize stable long-term neural device communication. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3242–3250, 2017.
Cognitive decline, mortality, and organophosphorus exposure in aging Mexican Americans.

Background Cognitive impairment is a major health concern among older Mexican Americans, associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and may be influenced by environmental exposures.
It’s More Than Deciding What to Wank Into: Negotiating an Unconventional Fatherhood

This chapter makes explicit my own experiences as an informal sperm donor to a lesbian couple and the unusual conceptualisation of fatherhood this renders. Explored here in particular are the emerging negotiations whereby my fatherhood was and is constructed interdependently between family members and myself. As part of this journey, I reveal the anxiety about my use of autoethnography, not least because of the lasting effects the printed word has on those involved, irrespective of procedural anonymity.
Preparing Occupational Therapy Students to Address Mental Health Promotion, Prevention, and Intervention in School-Based Practice.

Directors of entry-level occupational therapy (OT) programs were surveyed regarding how their programs prepare students to become mental health practitioners in schools. Analysis of quantitative da...
Different Types of Collaborative Problem-Solving Processes in an Online Environment: Solution Oriented Versus Problem Oriented:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of problem-solving behaviors and their effects on solution quality in an online collaborative learning context. A total of 12 preservice teachers enrolled in a computer education course participated in the study. Students in pairs, randomly assigned by the instructor, carried out a problem-solving task and then changed partners for subsequent tasks. The problem-solving processes of 25 pairings of students were analyzed. Data on their problem-solving behaviors, the quality of their solutions, and their domain knowledge were collected. Results revealed that students who demonstrated more solution-oriented behaviors led others to better solutions while collaborating. In contrast, students who had difficulty in understanding problems demonstrated more problem-oriented behaviors. The solution-oriented students also gained better domain knowledge at the end, compared with the problem-oriented ones. The effects of the student’s interactions during the proble...
Spinal Cord Unresectable Hemangioblastoma Responding to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Blockade (P01.103)

OBJECTIVE: Hemangioblastomas express high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors. We tested the hypothesis of whether blocking the VEGF pathway would result in hemangioblastoma tumor regression. BACKGROUND: Hemangioblastomas are highly vascular tumors that can arise within the central nervous system as well as other organ systems within the body. They can arise sporadically or as part of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Those arising in critical locations within the central nervous system can be difficult to resect surgically and therefore pose a significant challenge and result in morbidity and even mortality. Hemangioblastomas express high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor that drives angiogenesis and tumor progression. We hypothesized that bevacizumab through its inhibitory effect on vascular endothelial growth factor will result in hemangioblastoma tumor regression as well as a meaningful clinical response. DESIGN/METHODS: We present the case of a 51-year-old Caucasian man with surgically unresectable cervical cord hemangioblastoma presenting with progressive weakness leading to quadriparesis. He was treated with bevacizumab and his follow up magnetic resonance imaging scans showed marked tumor regression. After only six cycles of intravenous bevacizumab (10mg/kg every two weeks), he started ambulating after being wheelchair bound. He is currently still receiving treatment almost two years after initiation of bevacizumab. RESULTS: Patient was able to ambulate after being whhel-chair bound after bevacizumab treatment. In addition his follow up MRI scans showed marked tumor regression. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown for the first time that bevacizumab can result in significant tumor regression and a sustained clinical improvement in a patient with an otherwise unresectable spinal cord hemangioblastoma. This novel approach can be immensely useful for patients with difficult to resect hemangioblastomas or those with multiple lesions such as in von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Disclosure: Dr. Omar has nothing to disclose.
First-Principles-Derived Force Fields for CH4 Adsorption and Diffusion in Siliceous Zeolites

Most previous studies on development of force fields for molecules in porous materials focus on prediction of adsorption properties. However, accurately reproducing adsorption data is not sufficient to guarantee the accuracy of other properties, such as diffusivities. We demonstrate an approach to develop force fields based on periodic first-principles calculations that can accurately predict both adsorption and diffusion properties in crystalline nanoporous materials using CH4 in siliceous zeolites as an example. First, multiple dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) methods were tested for describing CH4 in siliceous chabazite, and the two configurations (CH4 interacting with a framework all and an eight-ring window) that are relevant to CH4 adsorption and diffusion were investigated. By comparing with the results from high-level random phase approximation calculations, DFT/CC (coupled cluster) was found to be the optimum method for force field development. DFT/CC-derived force fields that...
Contrast of Surface Steps and Dislocations under Resonance, Non-Resonance, Bragg, and Non-Bragg Conditions

Reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and its extension, reflection electron microcsopy (REM) have been used extensively for studying the atomic structure of crystal surfaces. The Important features of REM are that surface steps as low as one atom high can be observed in real space with strong contrast and high spatial resolution. Other surface structures such as reconstructions, dislocations, stacking faults, etc., have also been observed on surfaces of bulk crystals with minimal preparation.
The Historical Backdrop

A hidden pitfall in hhtoriography is disregard for the fact that conditions within nations and races change with the change of periods and the passage of time.… This is a sore affliction and is deeply hidden, becoming noticeable only after a long time, so that rarely do more than a few individuah become aware of it.
New Instruments and Techniques in Neutron Capture Studies

There are three general topics I would like to cover in this discussion. The first deals with crystal diffraction gamma-ray spectrometers, in particular, with the highly productive GAMS spectrometers at the ILL reactor in Grenoble. While these experimental devices have been described briefly at previous meetings, they deserve a detailed description here because of their great potential for producing capture gamma-ray data of the highest quality. Future possibilities for other developments in the area of crystal diffraction spectroscopy of capture gamma rays will also be mentioned. Several papers have been submitted to this conference in the area of improved neutron beam facilities for capture gamma-ray experiments. These papers will be discussed within the general framework of the subject of the production of high quality thermal neutron beams under a variety of conditions. Finally, a magnetic spectrometer for studies of internal conversion electrons ’emitted after thermal neutron capture, now nearing completion at the BNL High Flux Research Reactor, will be described in some detail. Since the high performance (n,e) spectrometer BILL at the ILL research reactor in Grenoble has already been described by K. Schreckenbach in an earlier invited talk at this meeting, discussion of it here will be limited to a comparison of the ILL and BNL (n,e) spectrometers.
Properties of Fractal Phenomena in Space and Time

As the epigraph suggests, the ability to interpret the full meaning of experimental data is limited by the types of tools that can be used in the analysis. A new analytical tool enlarges the analytical window into the world. The features of the world, previously unseen, that can be made visible by the new instrument of fractals are beautifully surprising. These features give us new insight into anatomical structures and physiological processes.
Phytochemical Screening of Some Plants Used in Herbal Based Cosmetic Preparations

With the development of natural product chemistry the potential of chemotaxonomy is new becoming increasingly obvious. The application of chemical data to systematic has received serious attention of large number of biochemists and botanists. Chemically constituents may be therapeutically active or inactive. Several phytochemical surveys have been carried on for detecting diverse groups of naturally occurring phytochemicals. The phytochemical research approach is considered effective in discovering bioactive profile of plants of therapeutic importance. During the present study five medicinal plants i. e. Acacia concina (fruit), Citrus limon (Fruit), Curcuma longa (Rhizome), Rosa indica (Petals) and Spindus mucorosi (Fruit), which were commonly used in various cosmetic preparations were selected 5 gm each of plant samples dissolved in 30 ml ethanol and water separately to obtain plant extracts. The samples were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening further presence of various phytochemicals present by adopting standard methodology. The results showed the efficacy of ethonolic extracts showing the presence of more phytochemicals in comparison to aqueous extracts. Phytocompounds such as Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Phenols, Flavonoids and Terpenoids are observed to be present in the investigated plants in variable proportions. Ethanolic extracts of C. longa showed presence of all the phytochemicals in comparison to the rest. Phytochemicals play an important role when used in cosmetic preparations as antimicrobial agents as well as antioxidants. Herbal based cosmetics have gained popularity due to technological advances in manufacturing processers. The application of investigated plant species in various cosmetics was based on their phytochemical content and their pharmacological activities.
Can Transcendental Self Be Made Transparent

The analysis made in this article reveals that the self (also known as the “soul”, the “inner being”, or the “transcendental self”) which was thought to be beyond human sensibility can now be explained using modern knowledge. The self is reduced to Species-specific-body-pattern (SSBP), whose source lies in the phylogeny of the species and, therefore, is empirical in nature. It is postulated that the SSBP can serve as the empirical analogue of the transcendental self. An individual is considered as a mixture of genetic and epigenetic features and these two features together play an important role in orienting individuals to a meaningful existence in the empirical world. The attributes of the self seem to fall under two categories, humanizing and transcendental. For those attributes described here―such as cognition, knowledge, immortality and infinitude―it is postulated that memory that retains the history of the individual can serve as the empirical analogue of the transcendental self. The immortality and infinitude properties of the self are explained based on knowledge viewed against a background of the individual-society as a system (ISS). Knowledge that is retained in the memory of a society, which is reflected in culture and tradition of the society, is eternal and empirical, although it undergoes additions and revision as time passes.
Delayed Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Background Vocal cord dysfunction resulting from recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP) is a known complication following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. RLNP occurs typically secondary to neurapraxia caused by intraoperative compression or traction on the nerve and less commonly from direct nerve injury intraoperatively in the setting of anterior cervical spine surgery. Patients with RLNP typically present with hoarseness immediately after surgery owing to unilateral vocal cord paralysis. In rare cases, there is late-onset, progressive development of RLNP that may potentially lead to permanent vocal cord paralysis or respiratory failure. Case Description A 75-year-old woman presented with myeloradiculopathy and chronic urinary incontinence. Imaging showed severe foraminal and central stenosis with T2 cord signal change. A C4-7 anterior cervical discectomy and fusion was successfully performed without immediate complications following surgery. The patient had a normal voice and was tolerating a regular diet well. On postoperative day 3, the patient developed new hoarseness and dysphagia. An otolaryngologist was consulted, and flexible nasolaryngoscopy showed left vocal cord paralysis consistent with left RLNP. The patient was treated with a course of steroids, and her hoarseness and dysphagia had resolved at the 6-month follow-up visit. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report of delayed RLNP in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. This rare complication should be discussed during preoperative patient counseling. Previous literature indicates the underlying pathophysiology for delayed onset of RLNP may be small vessel ischemia, vasospasm, or viral resurgence that leads to recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction.
Reconstruction of body motion during self-reported losses of balance in community-dwelling older adults.

Abstract Older adults experience slips, trips, stumbles, and other losses of balance (LOBs). LOBs are more common than falls and are closely linked to falls and fall-injuries. Data about real-world LOBs is limited, particularly information quantifying the prevalence, frequency, and intrinsic and extrinsic circumstances in which they occur. This paper describes a new method to identify and analyze LOBs through long-term recording of community-dwelling older adults. The approach uses wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) on the feet, trunk and one wrist, together with a voice recorder for immediate, time-stamped self-reporting of the type, context and description of LOBs. Following identification of an LOB in the voice recording, concurrent IMU data is used to estimate foot paths and body motions, and to create body animations to analyze the event. In this pilot study, three older adults performed a long-term monitoring study, with four weeks recording LOBs by voice and two concurrent weeks wearing IMUs. This report presents a series of LOB cases to illustrate the proposed method, and how it can contribute to interpretation of the causes and contexts of the LOBs. The context and timing information from the voice records was critical to the process of finding and analyzing LOB events within the voluminous sensor data record, and included much greater detail, specificity, and nuance than past diary or smartphone reporting.
Tandem copper and photoredox catalysis in photocatalytic alkene difunctionalization reactions

Oxidative alkene difunctionalization reactions are important in synthetic organic chemistry because they can install polar functional groups onto simple non-polar alkene moieties. Many of the most common methods for these reactions rely upon the reactivity of pre-oxidized electrophilic heteroatom donors that can often be unstable, explosive, or difficult to handle. Herein, we describe a method for alkene oxyamination and diamination that utilizes simple carbamate and urea groups as nucleophilic heteroatom donors. This method uses a tandem copper-photoredox catalyst system that is operationally convenient. The identity of the terminal oxidant is critical in these studies. Ag(I) salts proved to be unique in their ability to turn over the copper cocatalyst without deleteriously impacting the reactivity of the organoradical intermediates.
Energy and scale dependence of q ̂ and the “JET puzzle”

We present an attempt to probe the underlying structure of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at high resolution, based on the extracted jet transport coefficient $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{q}$. We argue that the exchanged momentum $k$ between the hard parton and the medium varies over a range of scales, and for $k\ensuremath{\ge}1\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV},\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{q}$ can be expressed in terms of a parton distribution function (PDF). Because the mass of a QGP constituent is unknown, we define a scaling variable ${x}_{N}$ to represent the ratio of the parton momentum to the momentum of a self-contained section of the plasma which has a mass of 1 GeV. This scaling variable is used to parametrize the QGP-PDF. Calculations based on this reconstructed $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{q}$ are compared to data sensitive to the hardcore of jets, i.e., the single hadron suppression in terms of the nuclear modification factor ${R}_{AA}$ and the azimuthal anisotropy parameter ${v}_{2}$ as a function of transverse momentum ${p}_{\mathrm{T}}$, centrality, and energy of the collision. It is demonstrated that the scale evolution of the QGP-PDF is responsible for the reduction in the normalization of $\stackrel{\ifmmode \hat{}\else \^{}\fi{}}{q}$ between fits to the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider data; a puzzle, first discovered by the JET Collaboration.