cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Gravity investigation in the southeastern Mojave Desert, California

A gravity investigation consisting of some 900 stations was conducted over an area of approximately 3,500 km2 between the Eagle Mountains and the Colorado River in the southeastern Mojave Desert to define the major anomalies. The data were reduced to the complete Bouguer anomaly and presented on a contour map. The density contrasts that exist between the basin sedimentary rocks and the underlying basement rock produce gravity anomalies that can be readily delineated by gravity surveys. Several gravity anomalies are associated with regional structural trends, particularly faults. Two-dimensional model analyses along profiles across five major anomalies are presented to show the distribution and depth of sedimentary deposits. Subsurface geology in the area is poorly known. Analysis of the gravity anomalies, however, indicates that the basement beneath the sedimentary basins is highly faulted, consisting of complex structures and rapidly varying rock types similar to those in the mountain ranges of the area. In the center of the several subdivisions of the Chuckwalla Valley, depths to basement range from less than 200 m to more than 2 km. The Palen Valley is shallow in the northern section yet reaches a probable depth of over 1.5 km in its southern portion. The Palo Verde Valley east of the Chuckwalla Valley is divided into two separate structural styles. A northwest-trending sedimentary basin in the north has a maximum depth of at least 2 km, while basement to the south is generally more flat and less deep. The structural and geological information inferred from the gravity data and resultant anomalies provides important input toward a better understanding of the geology in the area.
Tribological studies of unpolished laser surface textures under starved lubrication conditions for use in air-conditioning and refrigeration compressors

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the tribological performance of different laser surface texture patterns, with unpolished material bulges around the dimples, under realistic operating conditions of starved lubrication, for use in air-conditioning and refrigeration compressors. Compared to untextured gray cast iron surfaces, the texture patterns showed significant tribological improvements. Long durability tests also highlighted the long term usefulness of surface texturing. The dominant wear mode of the texture patterns was found to be mechanical polishing and the tribological behavior was found to be largely independent of the type of lubricant or refrigerant.
Functional mentoring: a practical approach with multilevel outcomes.

Introduction: Mentoring is a central component of professional development. Evaluation of “successful” mentoring programs, however, has been limited and mainly focused on measures of satisfaction with the relationship. In today’s environment, mentoring programs must produce tangible outcomes to demonstrate success. To address this issue, the authors advance the framework of functional mentoring combined with measurement of outcomes at multiple levels. Methods: The mentoring program is embedded within an intensive, continuing medical education (CME) accredited faculty development program. Survey methodology is used to collect qualitative and quantitative data at the start, midpoint, and end of the program and longitudinally. Participants in 4 years of the program were surveyed. Results: In 4 years, 165 faculty participated in the program. Respondents were highly satisfied with the pairings: 85% of junior faculty believed their mentor had a significant effect on their projects. Junior faculty reported a significant enhancement of skills related to initiating and negotiating a new mentoring relationship (85%) and stated that their project would have a significant impact on their career (92%) and on the department or institution (86%). Discussion: The success of this mentoring program is demonstrated at multiple levels. The key outcome of functional mentoring is the project. Projects are aligned with professional responsibilities and with institutional missions. The project contributes to the individual’s dossier and adds value to the institution. Functional mentoring is a practical approach that allows measurable results at multiple levels.
Toward More Inclusive Public Spaces: Learning from the Everyday Experiences of Muslim Arab Women in New York City

In this study we examine the spatial practices and lived experiences of an understudied subgroup, observant Muslim women of Arab descent, to explore the extent to which they experience representation and inclusion in the context of Brooklyn, New York. In an attempt to provide a more in-depth understanding of space, we utilize a phenomenological approach in which gender is central. We conceptualize our analysis based on Lefebvre's spatial triad. The narratives of the women in this study elucidate how they interpret and navigate publicly accessible urban spaces as women marked by both ethnicity and religious difference in a multicultural city such as New York. Our study finds that the physical accessibility of public spaces, the aspect that planners tend to emphasize, matters for the observant Muslim women in this study both in ways with which planners are familiar and in other ways. The main aspects of physical accessibility that facilitated their sense of inclusion and engagement in Bay Ridge public space...
Educator Assessment Accent as a Measure of Fluency in Arizona

This analysis examines Arizona’s English fluency evaluation initiative, which aims to address the fluency standards for teachers of English Language Learners (ELLs) set forth in the 2001 No Child L...
CK2 Phosphorylates SSRP1 and Inhibits Its DNA-binding Activity *

We have previously shown that CK2 associates with the human high-mobility group protein SSRP1 and that this association increases in response to UV irradiation. CK2 also phosphorylates SSRP1 in vitro. Here we extend this work by investigating CK2 regulation of SSRP1 function through phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of SSRP1 by CK2 inhibited the nonspecific DNA-binding activity of SSRP1 and FACT (facilitating chromatin-mediated transcription) complex in vitro. Using a serine/threonine-scanning Auto-spot peptide array coupled with a filter-based kinase assay with synthetic peptides as substrates, we identified serines 510, 657, and 688 as phosphorylation targets of CK2 in vitro. Mutagenesis of the three serines revealed that serine 510 was more important for the regulation of SSRP1 DNA-binding activity. Furthermore, we found that SSRP1 was phosphorylated in cells in response to UV (but not γ) irradiation. These results suggest that CK2 regulates the DNA-binding ability of SSRP1 and that this regulation may be responsive to specific cell stresses.
Automatic cost minimization for multiplierless implementations of discrete signal transforms

The computation of linear DSP transforms consists entirely of additions and multiplications by constants, which, in a hardware realization, can be implemented as a network of wired shifts and additions. Thus, a light weight fixed point implementation that approximates an exact transform can be built from only adders. The paper presents an automatic approach for minimizing the number of additions required for a given transform under the constraint of a particular quality measure. We present an evaluation of our approach. For example, one experiment shows that the IMDCT transform within an MP3 decoder can be reduced from 572 additions to 260 additions while maintaining limited accuracy as defined by the MP3 ISO standard.
Generalizations of a well-known result in matrix theory

Let A and C be m × m matrices and let B and D be n × n matrices, all with elements in a field F . Let A T denote the transpose of A . A well-known theorem states that, if every m × m matrix X for which AX = XA also satisfies CX = XC , then C = φ( A ) for some polynomial φ(λ). In this note we establish the following simple generalizations. Theorem 1. Let A and B have the same minimal polynomial m(λ). If each m × n matrix X over F for which AX = XB also satisfies CX = XD, then C = φ( A ) and D = φ( B ) for a polynomial φ(λ) over F .
Age dependent effects of oxytetracycline in ob/ob mice.

The effects of daily oxytetracycline injections on the metabolism and growth of prepubertal, 10 and 24 week old ob/ob and lean mice were examined. Drug treatment (100 mg/kg) between 17 and 28 days of age similarly reduced body weight gain and skeletal growth of both ob/ob and lean mice, but had little effect on obesity, serum glucose, or IRI levels. In older obese mice, 6 days of oxytetracycline led to substantial reductions of serum glucose, serum IRI, and obesity when compared with either ad libitum fed obese mice or food-restricted ob/ob mice serving as weight loss controls. In lean mice oxytetracycline also significantly reduced body weight and serum glucose, while no effects on obesity or IRI levels were noted. The present data show that oxytetracycline reduces the severity of many of the diabetic symptoms of ob/ob mice, but that only the ameliorative effects on obesity and hyperinsulinaemia appear to be specific to the ob/ob genotype.
Cross-modal semantic and homograph priming in healthy young, healthy old, and in Alzheimer's disease individuals.

Two experiments are reported that explore the influence of strength of the prime‐target relationship on the observed priming effects in young, healthy old, and individuals diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). In Experiment 1, participants were auditorily presented primes (FURNITURE) and after varying delays presented visual targets that were (1) high-strength related (e.g., SOFA), (2) low-strength related (e.g., RUG), or (3) unrelated control words (e.g., COW or DEER). The results indicated that the DAT individuals produced relatively larger priming effects than both the young and the healthy old, but these data could be accommodated by increases in effect size due to general slowing of response latencies. In Experiment 2, the same cross-modal priming paradigm was used with ambiguous words presented as primes (e.g., BANK) and either high-dominant (e.g., MONEY) or low-dominant (e.g., RIVER) words as targets. The results of Experiment 2 produced a qualitatively distinct pattern of priming that indicated DAT individuals only produced priming for high-dominant targets and not for low-dominant targets, whereas, the healthy control groups produced equivalent priming for both high- and low-dominant targets. The discussion focuses on the implication that these results have for the interpretation of semantic priming effects, in general, along with implications for the apparent semantic memory loss in DAT individuals. (JINS, 1999, 5, 626‐ 640.)
A Hydrologic Data Screening Procedure for Exploring Monotonic Trends and Shifts in Rainfall and Runoff Patterns

A thorough understanding of past and present hydrologic responses to changes in precipitation patterns is crucial for predicting future conditions. The main objectives of this study were to determine temporal changes in rainfall-runoff relationship and to identify significant trends and abrupt shifts in rainfall and runoff time series. Ninety-year rainfall and runoff time series datasets from the Gasconade and Meramec watersheds in east-central Missouri were used to develop data screening procedure to assess changes in the rainfall and runoff temporal patterns. A statistically significant change in mean and variance was detected in 1980 in the rainfall and runoff time series within both watersheds. In addition, both the rainfall and runoff time series indicated the presence of nonstationary attributes such as statistically significant monotonic trends and/or change in mean and variance, which should be taken into consideration when using the time series to predict future scenarios. The annual peak runoff and the annual low flow in the Meramec watershed showed significant temporal changes compared to that in the Gasconade watershed. Water loss in both watersheds was found to be significantly increasing which is potentially due to the increase in groundwater pumping for water supply purposes.
Calculator problem and the design recipe

This paper presents an alternative --- and what we believe a superior --- approach to designing a solution to the calculator problem due to Alphonce [1]. While Alphonce presents a fictitious one-act play between professors, this paper consists of a narrative explanation of the Java code written by this paper's coauthor, - a student who just completed the freshman year.The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of the DESIGN RECIPE pedagogy and the idea of focusing on the design of the structure of data, the classes, and class hierarchies, rather than the design of program actions (the algorithmics) as the core idea for program design. By contrasting the pedagogical approach and the final outcome with the "traditional" objects-first approach, we illustrate the advantages of our curriculum that teaches the students how to think about program design in a truly object-oriented style.
Band-Limited Exponential Correlation Function for Rough-Surface Scattering

A band-limited exponential correlation function is presented for use in studies of rough-surface scattering. This model of surface statistics is developed by multiplying the power spectral density of a standard exponential correlation function surface with a Gaussian rolloff at high frequencies in order to limit the high-frequency spectral content of the surface. A parameter is introduced to describe the Gaussian rolloff, and the corresponding correlation function is determined. The primary proposed use of the model is in assessing the contributions of surface high-frequency content in the scattering process, particularly in approximate theories of surface scattering. Methods for incorporating this surface description into standard approximate scattering theories are described, and sample backscattering results provided to illustrate use of the model
A wellness program for first year medical students.

Entering medical students experience distress symptoms due to the demands of the intensive curriculum, adjustment to new environments and increased responsibilities. The purpose of this controlled, randomized study was to determine the effects of a structured wellness program on measures of anxiety, depression and frequency of acute illness in 449 first year medical students. The effects of eight sessions of stress management were compared to a wait list control group. High risk students were identified based on scores on psychological inventories and number of recent life events (WLE). Results showed that depression, anxiety scores and frequency of acute illness were higher in women than in men, and were higher in students with multiple life events. Significant decreases were observed in depression in the intervention group students when WLE was the covariate (p = .045). Further, the high risk group showed consistently lower depression scores after the intervention compared to high risk wait list controls (p = .003), and these changes were maintained at the end of school year. There were no significant changes in anxiety or frequency of acute illness. Wellness programs can be implemented in medical school and may be particularly useful for entering students with elevated psychological distress.
Membrane probe technology for MCM Known-Good-Die

A new type of membrane probe, which might be called a Universal Membrane Probe (UMP), as a standard Known-Good-Die (KGD) solution for Multichip Module (MCM) manufacture is described. The membrane consists of TAB tape mounted with an array of several thousands micro-bumps. The bumps are connected in a radial pattern and the pitch of the bumps is equal to the pitch of the I/O pads in LSIs. The advantage of this new membrane is that a single wiring pattern is applicable to many die designs without the need for customizing. In this paper, two KGD applications of the new membrane are investigated, one is a wafer probe and the other a burn-in socket.
Use of oligodeoxynucleotide probes to verify Campylobacter jejuni as a cause of bovine abortion.

Campylobacter abortions in bovines are usually caused by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis or Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus 8,15 Bovine abortions caused by C. jejuni are unusua1. Between February 1988 and February 1991, 4 bovine Campylobacter abortions were diagnosed at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Based on biochemical profiles, 3 were identified as Campylobacter jejuni and 1 was identified as Campylobacter coli. The identification of species of Campylobacter is difficult because of its fastidious growth requirements and few differential biochemical tests. For Campylobacter, the type of basal medium and the density of the inoculum may explain discrepancies observed in resistance to chemical compounds, temperature tolerance, and necessary growth conditions. Because phenotypic traits and biochemical profiles may not adequately differentiate Campylobacter species, nucleic acid probes offer an alternative to biochemical tests. Nucleic acid probes have been developed for a number of species of Campylobacter, including Campylobacter jejuni a and Campylobacter fetus. 14 The goal of this study was to apply nucleic acid probes to verify the identity of the C. jejuni isolate designated VDL 4410. Isolate VDL 4410 was recovered from the placenta of a Hereford cow that aborted in the last trimester of pregnancy. Serum from the cow and tissues from the aborted fetus and a portion of the placenta were received by the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory within 24 hours of the abortion. The serum sample from the cow had no detectable titer for leptospirosis or bovine viral diarrhea virus. Samples of placenta and fetal lung, liver, and kidney were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Tissues were dehydrated in graded alcohols, cleared, embedded in paraffin, cut at 4 μm, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Gram’s stain for light microscopy. Microscopic examination of the HE-stained sections of the placenta revealed numerous trophoblasts sloughing from the fetal chorionic villi and large accumulations of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes on the surface of the chorionic villi. There were a few small scattered groups of PMN leukocytes in the stroma of the chorionic villi. A Gram stain revealed smudged colonies of gram-negative bacteria in some of the chorionic villus trophoblasts and in capillaries scattered throughout the chorionic stroma. A few curved bacteria could be identified, but the morphology of most of the organisms was too distorted for identification purposes. There were no microscopic lesions in the lung, liver, kidney, or spleen. Swabs of placental cotyledon and fetal lung, liver, and
The Spectrum of E2F in Liver Disease—Mediated Regulation in Biology and Cancer

Uncoordinated cell growth is one of the fundamental concepts in carcinogenesis and occurs secondary to dysregulation of the cell cycle. The E2Fs are a large family of transcription factors and are key regulators of the cell cycle. The activation of E2Fs is intimately regulated by retinoblastoma 1 (RB1). The RB pathway has been implicated in almost every human malignancy. Recently there have been exciting developments in the E2F field using animal models to better understand the role of E2Fs in vivo. Genetic mouse models have proven essential in implicating E2Fs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver disease. In this review, the general structure and function of E2Fs as well as the role for E2Fs in the development of HCC and liver disease is evaluated. Specifically, what is known about E2Fs in human disease is explored in depth, and future directions are discussed.
The DESEMO Customized Seating Support—Custom-Molded Seating for Severely Disabled Persons

The DESEMO Customized Seating Support is an easily fabricated, inexpensive, effective option in adaptive seating that should be available soon to physical therapists. Reports on field testing with profoundly physically involved clients followed up to two years have been positive.
Pregnancy and perinatal factors associated with persistently low apgar scores: An analysis of the birth records of infants born in South Australia

This study included all newborns with Apgar scores below seven at one minute after birth who were born in 1986 and whose births were notified to the South Australian Perinatal Statistics Collection. Univariate comparisons were made of the demographic, obstetric and pregnancy outcome characteristics of the 301 newborns whose Apgar scores remained below seven at five minutes and the 3165 whose scores recovered to seven or more. The results provide a general risk profile of the 301 newborn infants who perform poorly at birth, as indicated by a low Apgar score at both one and five minutes. Adverse risk factors identified in this study were similar to those for intellectual disability (mental retardation) and cerebral palsy in South Australia. It is suggested that persisting low Apgar scores, when combined with the other risk factors demonstrated in this and previous studies, would provide more reliable prognostic information than would Apgar scores alone. The study also shows that the majority of infants with low Apgar scores at one minute scored seven or better at five minutes. This demonstrates, that although a low one minute Apgar score has value in identifying newborns in need of immediate attention, it must be supplemented by the five minute score's stronger association with perinatal morbidity.
Adjoint-based method for supersonic aircraft design using equivalent area distributions

This paper describes the e orts in the development of new adjoint-based techniques for the design of supersonic aircraft that must match a target equivalent area distribution at constant lift coe cients. This speci c approach is meant to be part of a larger e ort to create multidisciplinary analysis and optimization capabilities that can be used to design low-boom supersonic aircraft with adequate aerodynamic and structural performance. The paper focuses on the description of an inverse equivalent area distribution capability that includes the ow analysis, the formulation and implementation of an adjoint solver for the equivalent area distribution, and the shape design process of a trijet supersonic aircraft. This shape design e ort is challenging due to three factors: the complexity of the geometric details involved that require a full unstructured ow and adjoint solver methodology, the apriori grid adaptation process needed for capturing the shock and expansion waves in the neareld (without the need for additional mesh adaptation), and the selected objective function for the calculation of sensitivities and the ultimate application in aircraft design. The viability of our approach is demonstrated with some preliminary examples. Ongoing work is targeting actual con gurations that can result in an actual low-boom aircraft.
The Valid Generic and Tribal Names for the Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella (Olethreutinae: Tortricidae)

Three generic names, Cydia, Laspeyresia, and Carpocapsa are currently used for the codling moth. Cydia is recognized as the valid name because of the junior homonymy of Laspeyresia and junior synonymy of both Laspeyresia and Carpocapsa. The valid tribal name for Cydia is Grapholitini, rather than Laspeyresiini. All known synonyms of Cydia are given with references to original descriptions and type-species designations.
Servile Insurrection and John Brown’s Body in Europe (1993)

The most famous and graphic European image to appear in the wake of the raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in October 1859 was an engraving entitled John Brown. Against a dark landscape and a dull cloudy sky, a small human figure hangs from a gallows. The body’s features are almost completely obscured in shadow. From the heavens alone come shafts of light breaking through the dreary obscurity. They touch the gallows and the figure. Beneath the illustration are the words: ‘Pro Christo — Sicut Christus, John Brown, — Charleston. Designed by Victor Hugo’.1
Immunization of the beef cow and its influence on fetal and neonatal calf health.

Improving the immunity of the dam is critical to optimizing the health of the gestating cow and fetus as well as the perinatal calf. Vaccine use alone is inadequate. This article reviews the immune system of the cow and fetus during gestation and explores the use of active immunization of the dam as a management tool in the control of certain reproductive diseases in the beef herd.
Moving from Analysis to Assessment: Strategic Assessment of Library Collections

ABSTRACTCollections are one of the core resources provided by libraries and are often seen as what defines a library. Collection policies and priorities are put into place to guide the growth of libraries’ collections. However as time passes, are the collections created best suited to the current patron population? Collection assessment can be used to evaluate how well the developing collection follows the guidelines that have been put into place. Collection assessment can also be beneficial in the library strategic planning process by identifying strengths and weaknesses in the collection, particularly in new areas of interest. It can also help identify areas that may need additional funding to continue the level of support previously maintained for an area.
Analysis of responses to bradykinin in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat.

Responses to bradykinin (BK) were investigated in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat under conditions of controlled pulmonary blood flow and constant left atrial pressure when lobar arterial pre...
Bottle Feeding: The Impact on Post-partum Depression, Birth Spacing and Autism

Bottle feeding unwittingly puts mothers out of phase with breastfeeding as an essential and integral feature of mammalian evolutionary history. In this chapter, we review evidence showing that the decision to substitute bottle feeding for breastfeeding is a significant risk factor for post-partum depression. This may occur because bottle feeding simulates some of the conditions that used to be associated with the death/loss of a child. Bottle feeding also undermines natural hormonal changes triggered by breastfeeding that function to promote birth spacing. Increases in the risk of autism and other complications in children conceived within a year or two of their next oldest sibling may occur as a consequence. By sidestepping important features of the birthing process, Caesarean sections likewise appear to impair optimal breastfeeding outcomes and often lead to related problems. We identify a number of other medical and childcare practices surrounding birth and the early post-natal period that could also benefit from an evolutionary perspective.
Examining the Relationship of Scientific Reasoning with Physics Problem Solving.

Recent research suggests students with more formal reasoning patterns are more proficient learners. However, little research has been done to establish a relationship between scientific reasoning and problem solving abilities by novices. In this exploratory study, we compared scientific reasoning abilities of students enrolled in a college level introductory physics course for their ability to solve problems requiring different levels of conceptual understanding. Reasoning abilities were measured by Lawson's Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning and students’ ability to correctly solve different levels of problem on examinations was measured by the Taxonomy in Physics Problems. Results indicate that students with higher reasoning abilities perform equally well across problem levels while students of lower reasoning abilities struggle in solving problems that depend on higher conceptual understanding. This suggests that students with lower reasoning abilities may depend more readily on basic recall of facts and simple procedures to solve problems.
The relationship between life stressors and drug and sexual behaviors among a population-based sample of young Black men who have sex with men in Chicago

Younger Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) have the highest rates of HIV incidence in the U.S. and are also exposed to high life stressors (e.g., unemployment, incarceration, and exposure to communality). This study assessed whether life stressors were related to drug use and sexual risk behaviors among a representative sample of YBMSM. The South Side of Chicago and selected adjacent suburbs represents the most populous contiguous Black community in the U.S. Over 10% of the estimated YBMSM population in this geographic region were sampled. Major findings indicated that higher life stress was significantly associated with greater odds of transactional sex (aOR = 2.19; 95% CI 1.09-4.39), substance use with sex with male and transgender partners (aOR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.09-2.39), marijuana (aOR = 2.65; 95% CI 1.43-4.90), crack/cocaine (aOR = 3.21; 95% CI 1.16-8.88), and prescription opioid use (aOR = 3.12; 95% CI 1.37-7.13). HIV approaches which focus on environmental stressors and employ a stress and coping framework may support the reduction of drug and sexual risk behaviors among YBMSM. Cognitive and social support approaches might be especially useful in this regard.
Assessing the Effectiveness of One-Hour Instruction Sessions after Hurricane Sandy: A Comparison Study of English 101 Students.

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to chronicle and discuss a unique research opportunity at LaGuardia Community College when Hurricane Sandy caused a week of class cancelations, including library instruction sessions for ENG101 students. Librarians took advantage of the natural sample, paired with randomly selected classes that had previously attended library instruction sessions and tested students' basic research skills by using pre and post surveys. This project serves as a benchmark for assessing students' learning effectiveness in one-hour instruction sessions. The article presents an instruction assessment research project by using pre- and post-session surveys. Students who took a library one-hour instruction session performed significantly better than students who did not on tested learning outcomes. The article concludes that assessment results provide solid data in students' improvement and teaching efficacy. Results may also help library instructors make decisions about assessing and impro...
Infiltrating Myeloid Cells Exert Protumorigenic Actions via Neutrophil Elastase

Tissue infiltration and elevated peripheral circulation of granulocytic myeloid-derived cells is associated with poor outcomes in prostate cancer and other malignancies. Although myeloid-derived cells have the ability to suppress T-cell function, little is known about the direct impact of these innate cells on prostate tumor growth. Here, it is reported that granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are the predominant tumor-infiltrating cells in prostate cancer xenografts established in athymic nude mice. MDSCs significantly increased in number in the peripheral circulation as a function of xenograft growth and were successfully depleted in vivo by Gr-1 antibody treatment. Importantly, MDSC depletion significantly decreased xenograft growth. We hypothesized that granulocytic MDSCs might exert their protumorigenic actions in part through neutrophil elastase (ELANE), a serine protease released upon granulocyte activation. Indeed, it was determined that NE is expressed by infiltrating immune cells and is enzymatically active in prostate cancer xenografts and in prostate tumors of prostate-specific Pten-null mice. Importantly, treatment with sivelestat, a small-molecule inhibitor specific for NE, significantly decreased xenograft growth, recapitulating the phenotype of Gr-1 MDSC depletion. Mechanistically, NE activated MAPK signaling and induced MAPK-dependent transcription of the proliferative gene cFOS in prostate cancer cells. Functionally, NE stimulated proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells in vitro IHC on human prostate cancer clinical biopsies revealed coexpression of NE and infiltrating CD33+ MDSCs.Implications: This report suggests that MDSCs and NE are physiologically important mediators of prostate cancer progression and may serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Mol Cancer Res; 15(9); 1138-52. ©2017 AACR.
The effects of information cues on perceived legitimacy of companies that promote corporate social responsibility initiatives on social networking sites

Abstract Social networking sites are increasingly used to promote corporate social responsibility initiatives. Consumers can like, share, or comment on corporate social responsibility messages on social networking sites, signaling public approval or disapproval and affecting an individual's perceived legitimacy of the organization. Especially for controversial companies, such as alcohol brands, both perceived legitimacy of a cause and consumer purchase intention might be enhanced by expressions of public support on social networking sites. However, few studies have explored this relationship. The findings from Experiment 1 suggest that the number of followers (low vs. high) affected perceived legitimacy and purchase intention. Experiment 2 revealed that the effects of comment valence on attitudinal and behavioral intention interacted with the number of followers. These findings advance our current knowledge of factors associated with perceived legitimacy of companies that promote corporate social responsibility campaigns on social networking sites. Implications for advertising research and practice are discussed.
Amelioration of ischemic calcium overload correlates with high-energy phosphates in senescent myocardium

Previously, we have shown that potassium and magnesium (K-Mg, 20 mM each) cardioplegia ameliorated cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) accumulation and was associated with enhanced functional recovery afte...
Local Propagation of Gaussian Hints

In the previous chapter, it has been shown that Gaussian hints form a valuation system in the sense of Shenoy and Shafer.
Mesenchymal stem cell allograft as a fusion adjunct in one- and two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a matched cohort analysis

Abstract Background context Live mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) allograft-containing allogeneic bone grafts have recently gained popularity and currently account for greater than 17% of all bone grafts and bone graft substitutes used in spinal surgery. Although the claim of cellular bone matrices containing osteogenic cells with osteoinductive properties is attractive, little is known about their clinical success when used in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Purpose The objective of this study was to report on the radiographic fusion rates in one- and two-level instrumented ACDF using an MSC. Study design/setting This was a retrospective review of prospectively matched cohort of patients with radiologic assessment of fusion as the primary end point. Patient sample Two matched cohorts of adult patients who underwent ACDF with MSC or standard allograft were included. Outcomes measures The outcome measures included radiographic and clinical evidence of healing at 1 year. Methods A consecutive series of 57 patients who underwent a one- or two-level instrumented ACDF procedure between 2010 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. All fusion constructs comprised an interbody allograft, an anterior plate, and Osteocel (NuVasive, San Diego, CA, USA). These patients were matched to a control group of 57 patients. Results Of the 57 cases in both cohorts, 29 (50.9%) were single-level, and 28 (49.1%) were two-level instrumented ACDFs. There were no significant differences in patient age (p=.71), gender, comorbidity burden (Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI]: 1.95; 2.42, p=.71) or body mass index (p=.79). At the 1-year follow-up, 50 of 57 (87.7%) patients in the Osteocel cohort demonstrated a solid fusion compared with 54 of 57 (94.7%) in the control group (p=.19). Seven (12.3%) patients in the Osteocel cohort were reported as having a failed fusion at 1 year. Conclusions This is the first non-industry sponsored study to analyze a matched cohort assessing the 1-year arthrodesis rates associated with a nonstructural MSC allograft in one- and two-level ACDF procedures. Although not statistically significant, patients treated with MSC allografts demonstrated lower fusion rates compared with a matched non-MSC cohort.
A Review of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radios

Dramatically increasing requests for frequency bands in recent years, which has resulted in spectrum scarcity, lead us to examine the feasibility of dynamic spectrum access (DSA) technology. Cognitive radio (CR) has been considered as the key enabler of DSA because of its capability to perform spectrum sensing by using different detection techniques that guarantee acceptable probability of interference to primary users (PU), due to secondary user(s) (SU) access. Furthermore, cooperative spectrum sensing, which combines the observations/decision from a number of CR nodes, in order to determine the presence or absence of a PU signal, can yield better performance than that arrived by a single CR alone. This chapter provides a review of techniques and challenges encountered in cooperative spectrum sensing.
Identifying important measurements to describe human energy metabolism

Experimental measurements at the cellular and tissue level that are critical to understanding energy metabolism can be difficult to identify. To that end, a computer model of human energy metabolis...
Stimulation of anaerobic organic matter decomposition by subsurface organic N addition in tundra soils

Abstract Increasing nitrogen (N) availability in Arctic soils could stimulate the growth of both plants and microorganisms by relieving the constraints of nutrient limitation. It was hypothesized that organic N addition to anoxic tundra soil would increase CH4 production by stimulating the fermentation of labile substrates, which is considered the rate-limiting step in anaerobic C mineralization. We tested this hypothesis through both field and lab-based experiments. In the field experiment, we injected a solution of 13C- and 15N-labeled glutamate 35 cm belowground at a site near Nome on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, and observed the resulting changes in porewater geochemistry and dissolved greenhouse gas concentrations. The concentration of free glutamate declined rapidly within hours of injection, and the 15N label was recovered almost exclusively as dissolved organic N within 62 h. These results indicate rapid microbial assimilation of the added N and transformation into novel organic compounds. We observed increasing concentrations of dissolved CH4 and Fe(II), indicating rapid stimulation of methanogenesis and Fe(III) reduction. Low molecular weight organic acids such as acetate and propionate accumulated despite increasing consumption through anaerobic C mineralization. A laboratory soil column flow experiment using active layer soil collected from the same site further supported these findings. Glutamate recovery was low compared to a conservative bromide tracer, but concentrations of NO3− and NH4+ remained low, consistent with microbial uptake of the added N. Similar to the field experiment, we observed both increasing Fe(II) and organic acid concentrations. Together, these results support our hypothesis of increased fermentation in response to organic N addition and suggest that increasing N availability could accelerate CH4 production in tundra soils.
Magnetization and Flux Penetration of YBCO CORC Cable Segments at the Injection Fields of Accelerator Magnets

High-temperature-superconducting (HTS) cables are being considered for use in particle accelerator beam steering magnets. Knowledge of the magnetic properties of these HTS cables is needed for accelerator magnet design. Here, we present the results from a Hall probe magnetometer made for measuring the M-μ 0 H of short sections of superconducting cables in applied magnetic fields up to 12 T. The M-μ 0 H of a CORC cable was measured with field sweeps of ± 4.5 T and also a -2- to 8-T loop. Relevant to a particle accelerator with an injection field of 1 T, the magnetization M inj of the CORC cable was ≅ 900 kA/m and the penetration field B p ≅ 1 T. The magnetization and penetration field of the cables are compared to tape from which the cables were wound, and the results are compared to NbTi and Nb 3 Sn conductors.
The activation of adenylate cyclase. I. A postulated mechanism for fluoride and hormone activation of adenylate cyclase.

Two postulated mechanisms for the activation of adenylate cyclase are presented. Both require that the enzyme exist in an inhibited phosphorylated form and an activated dephosphorylated form.
Long-Term Effects of Different Passages of Vehicular Traffic on Soil Properties and Carbon Storage of a Crosby Silt Loam in USA

Abstract The passage of vehicles with heavy axle loads causes soil compaction, and this adversely affects soil properties and crop yield. The adverse effects can persist for several years due to significant changes in key soil properties. However, the mechanisms of the aforementioned effects are not well understood for conservation agriculture (CA) (e.g., no-till (NT)) wherein the use of heavy machinery is considerably common. Therefore, known compaction forces (0 Mg load for compaction (NT-0, control), two passages of 2.5 Mg water wagon axle load (NT-2), and four passages of 2.5 Mg water wagon axle load (NT-4)) were applied to all the plots annually for 20 consecutive years. The experiment was established in 1997 at the Waterman Agricultural and Natural Resources Laboratory (WANRL), Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Each treatment was replicated thrice. Soil samples were obtained in November 2016 to determine the effects of variations in the axle load and vehicular passages on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage and selected soil properties of a Crosby silt loam soil under NT-based corn-soybean rotation with residue retention in Central Ohio, USA. Three locations were also randomly selected in an adjoining natural woodlot (WL) soil plot and sampled (30 m away from the compaction field) to compare the effects of vehicular traffic on soil under NT with WL soil. Results revealed that soil bulk density (ρb) and total porosity at 0–10 and 10–20 cm depths were not affected by the passages of vehicular traffic for 20 years under the NT system. The penetration resistance (PR) (1.86 and 2.03 MPa at 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil depths, respectively) was significantly higher under NT-4 compared with that under other treatments. Saturated hydraulic conductivity at 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil depths ranged from 19.7 to 31.4 and 18.5 to 29.5 mm d−1, respectively, across all the treatments. The proportion of macroaggregates (> 0.25 mm) and microaggregates (
Regulation of lipid rafts, angiogenesis and inflammation by AIBP

Purpose of reviewRecent studies demonstrate an important role of the secreted apolipoprotein A-I binding protein (AIBP) in regulation of cholesterol efflux and lipid rafts. The article discusses these findings in the context of angiogenesis and inflammation.Recent findingsLipid rafts are cholesterol
Reduction in Length of Stay and Morphine Use for NAS With the “Eat, Sleep, Console” Method

OBJECTIVES: To reduce average length of stay (ALOS) in infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) transferred to the inpatient floor from the mother-infant unit. Secondarily, we aimed to reduce morphine exposure in these infants. METHODS: Using quality improvement methodology, we redesigned our approach to NAS on the inpatient floor. Key interventions included transitioning from a modified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System to the “Eat, Sleep, Console” method for withdrawal assessment, reeducation on nonpharmacologic interventions, and adding as-needed morphine as initial pharmacotherapy. Data for infants ≥35 weeks’ gestation with confirmed in utero opioid exposure and worsening symptoms of NAS requiring transfer to the inpatient floor were obtained, including ALOS, number of morphine doses, and total morphine amount administered. Infants with conditions requiring nothing by mouth for >12 hours or morphine initiation in the ICU were excluded. RESULTS: ALOS for infants (baseline n = 40; intervention n = 36) with NAS transferred to the inpatient floor decreased from 10.3 to 4.9 days. Average morphine administered decreased from 38 to 0.3 doses per infant. No infant in the intervention period required scheduled morphine. The percent of all infants transferred to the floor for NAS requiring any morphine decreased from 92% at baseline to 19% postimplementation. There were no observed adverse events or NAS-related readmissions in the intervention period. CONCLUSIONS: Transitioning to the Eat, Sleep, Console assessment with re-enforcement of nonpharmacologic care and use of as-needed morphine as initial pharmacotherapy resulted in a notably decreased ALOS and near elimination of postnatal opioid treatment of infants with NAS managed on our inpatient floor.
Resilience Modeling of Interdependent Traffic-Electric Power System Subject to Hurricanes

AbstractHighly interconnected critical infrastructure systems (CISs) are the backbone of the well-being of the modern societies. It is crucial to account for the interdependencies among CISs in ass...
Gas-containing iliopsoas bursitis in the setting of degenerative osteoarthritis.

This is a case of a 77-year-old woman with a 4.0 cm gas-containing iliopsoas bursa collection in the setting of mild-to-moderate degenerative joint disease. Given the limited extent of this patient’s osteoarthritis and the absence of infectious signs or symptoms, both of which are typically related to gas collections at the hip, it was difficult to determine the aetiology of the patient’s gas collection, whether it was related to her pain, and how best to manage her symptoms. Even in the setting of her MRI findings, which showed the gas collection lifting the iliopsoas tendon off the bone, the gas-containing bursa ultimately appeared to be a minor component of the patient’s pain and definitive treatment of her underlying joint disease with a total hip arthroplasty allowed for successful pain management. Our case report demonstrates an unusual presentation of iliopsoas bursitis with a surprising response to medical, interventional and surgical management.
Efficacy of Inquiry-Based and “Cookbook” Labs at Human Physiology Lessons at University Level - Is There an Impact in Relation to Acquirement of New Knowledge and Skills?

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of inquiry-based science education in Human biology lessons at the university level and compare this efficacy with traditional laboratory works using “cookbook” manuals written by teachers. Pre-tests and post-tests were used to measure the level of students’ knowledge and scientific skills before the set of laboratory works and after. By knowledge, we understand the content knowledge of Human physiology, e.g., understanding of terms and phenomena, and by scientific skills, we understand operations students need to know to be able to design their own experiments, interpret their findings and set final conclusions. Biology major (N = 53) and non-biology major (N = 115) students of the University were involved in this study. They attended a one-term course and were divided into two groups, an experimental one (N = 98) with an inquiry-based science education (IBSE) approach and a control group (N = 70) based on traditional laboratory works where students follow step-by-step the instructions by the teacher. We found that IBSE led to a similar or slightly higher acquirement of knowledge in comparison to traditional labs, but this effect was not statistically different. A significant change was found in relation to the level of new skills acquirement of students where students from the experimental group with IBSE approach achieved better results. We also compared efficacy among non-biology and biology major students and no differences in IBSE efficacy based on the type of the study programme were found there.