cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Laplace's method on a computer algebra system with an application to the real valued modified Bessel functions

We examine a Maple implementation of two distinct approaches to Laplace's method used to obtain asymptotic expansions of Laplace-type integrals. One algorithm uses power series reversion, whereas the other expands all quantities in Taylor or Puiseux series. These algorithms are used to derive asymptotic expansions for the real valued modified Bessel functions of pure imaginary order and real argument that mimic the well-known corresponding expansions for the unmodified Bessel functions.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori normalizes elevated mucosal levels of epidermal growth factor and its receptor.

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori normalizes elevated mucosal levels of epidermal growth factor and its receptor
Blood pressure hyperreactivity in non-human primates during dietary sodium combined with behavioral stress.

The potential for behavioral stress alone or combined with dietary salt to augment pressor reactivity to the onset of daily experimental sessions was examined in normotensive, intact baboons over the course of four months. During twice daily experimental sessions, adult male baboons experienced food/shock conflict such that lever pulling not only served to earn food, but was also occasionally punished with cued mild electric shock. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured during a baseline period of fixed-ratio food reinforcement (3 weeks), during conflict stress (2 weeks), and after dietary salt was added to the daily conflict protocol (CONFLICT + SODIUM, 3 weeks). Reactivity, i.e., acute changes in blood pressure and heart rate to the daily experimental sessions, was not evident during food reinforcement sessions nor during the CONFLICT stress alone condition. The addition of a high salt diet virtually doubled blood pressure increases and heart rate decreases to the onset of experimental sessions. Average reactivities during CONFLICT + SODIUM periods were 11.2/7.9%Δ for SBP/DBP (systolic/diastolic blood pressure, mmHg), and −5.65%Δ for HR (heart rate, BPM). Neither atenolol nor hydrochlorothiazide diuretic significantly altered cardiovascular reactivity during CONFLICT + SODIUM in comparison to a preceding non-drug CONFLICT + SODIUM period. When atenolol and diuretic effects were directly compared, atenolol mildly augmented, while diuretic mildly decreased DBP but not SBP reactivity during CONFLICT + SODIUM. Reactivity was eliminated after salt loading and behavioral sessions were terminated. These findings provide evidence that enhanced salt ingestion may synergistically act with behavioral stress to produce pressor hyperresponsiveness to otherwise benign environmental events.
One firm's loss is another's gain: capitalizing on other firms' service failures

Whereas past research has focused on negative outcomes that can transfer from one firm to another, this paper examines conditions under which a service failure by one firm creates an opportunity to enhance customer evaluations of a different firm in a contiguous service experience. Thus, a new external service recovery phenomenon is demonstrated in which consumers have more favorable perceptions of a firm when there was a previous failure with a different firm compared with no previous service failure. Study 1 tests hypotheses related to consumers’ perceptions of a hotel’s external service recovery after an airline’s service failure. Study 2 examines an external recovery effort in the hotel industry that follows a service failure from an unrelated hotel, an affiliated hotel, and the same hotel. Study 3 utilizes a laboratory experiment to assess the effects of external recovery in a restaurant setting. Results from all three studies suggest external recovery leads to appreciable gains for the recovering firm but only when it is not affiliated with the failing firm. Implications for service managers suggest several simple and relatively low cost tactics can be implemented to capitalize on other firms’ failures. In particular, this research highlights strategies that encourage frontline employees to listen to customers and, if a prior failure is detected, make simple gestures of goodwill.
Overexpressing the ZmDof1 gene in Populus does not improve growth and nitrogen assimilation under low-nitrogen conditions

Genetic engineering of nitrogen assimilation has received considerable attention for its improvement of nitrogen use efficiency in crops. Overexpression of maize Dof1 (ZmDof1), a plant-specific transcription factor, has been reported to promote nitrogen assimilation and growth under low-nitrogen conditions in transgenic Arabidopsis and rice. The present study explored its application in Populus by overexpressing the ZmDof1 gene. Contrary to the results in Arabidopsis and rice, introduction of the ZmDof1 gene did not improve growth of transgenic Populus under different low-nitrogen conditions both in vitro and in greenhouse. Expressions of genes that are involved in nitrogen assimilation and carbon fixation were not induced in ZmDof1-transgenic Populus. Nitrogen/carbon concentrations and photosynthesis rate were not increased in the ZmDof1-transgenic Populus. The results in transgenic Populus overexpressing the ZmDof1 gene indicated that ZmDof1 did not play an important role in nitrogen assimilation under low nitrogen condition in woody Populus plants as it did in annual Arabidopsis and rice plants.
Wake the Town and Tell the People: Dancehall Culture in Jamaica

Wake the Town and Tell the People: Dancehall Culture in Jamaica. Norman C. Stolzoff. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2000. xi 298 pp., photographs, notes, bibliography, index.
On the Nature of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase in Wheat Embryos

1. BIDDULPH, S. F. Visual indications of S35 and P32 translocation in the phloem. Amer. Jour. Bot. 43: 143-148. 1956. 2. BIDDULPH, S., BIDDUILPH, 0. and CORY, R. Visual indications of upward movement of foliar-applied p32 and C14 in the phloem of the bean stem. Amer. Jour. Bot. 45: 648-652. 1958. 3. FITZGERALD, P. J. Radioautography-its use in cytology. In: Analytical Cytology, R. C. Mellors, ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co. New York 1955. 4. JENSON, W. A. Notes on the freeze-drying of plant tissue. Stain Techol. 32: 33-38. 1957. 5. THAINE, R. an1d WALTERS, M. C. Experiments on the application of autoradiography techniques to the study of problems in plant physiology. Australian Jour. Biol. Sci. 8: 354-368. 1955.
Toni Sender: Feminist, socialist, internationalist

(1992). Toni Sender: Feminist, socialist, internationalist. History of European Ideas: Vol. 15, No. 4-6, pp. 701-705.
The incorporation of aroyl peroxide fragments in polystyrene

Initiation of the solution polymerization of styrene by catalytic quantities of p-chloro-,p-bromo-, and p-nitrobenzoyl peroxides leads to incorporation of catalyst fragments which are primarily (88–95%) aroyloxy groups. Use of p-iodobenzoyl peroxide gives polymers of somewhat higher molecular weight and lower (79%) aroyloxy fragment content. This anomalous behavior of the iodo compound may be due to its rearrangement to an iodosobenzoate-type compound. Treatment of polystyrene in benzene solution with these same peroxides leads to incorporation of catalyst fragments 96% chlorobenzoyloxy and 48% bromobenzoyloxy groups. p-Nitrobenzoyl peroxide is not incorporated under these conditions. This is due to a scavenging action of the benzene solvent. p-Iodobenzoyl peroxide again did not fit a general pattern and introduced 68% aroyloxy groups. In all of these reactions and increase in molecular weight of the polymer occurred. Treatment of bulk polystyrene with the peroxides led to incorporation of 70% chlorobenzoyloxy, 55% bromobenzoyloxy, and 3% p-nitrobenzoyloxy groups. In these reactions the molecular weights of the polystyrene samples always decreased.
Seasonal occurrence of north atlantic right whale (Eubalaena Glacialis) vocalizations at two sites on the scotian shelf

A year-long acoustic survey for critically endangered North Atlantic right whales was conducted at two sites on the central and western Scotian Shelf. Autonomous hydrophones recorded sound continuously from July 2004 to August 2005. Right whale contact calls (upcalls) were identified using automatic recognition software, and the resulting detections were checked manually. Substantial numbers of hours with upcalls were observed at both sites, with approximately four times as many hours with calls at the western site as the central one. Calls occurred mainly from August through October, with the earliest calls in late June and the latest at the end of December at both sites. In addition to this seasonal trend, there was a significant diel pattern in calling at the central site but not at the more westerly site. Results are analyzed in light of feeding ecology and broad-scale movements of right whales.
Silver–bismuth oxide cathodes for IT-SOFCs: Part II — Improving stability through microstructural control

Abstract Porous composite electrodes consisting of pure silver and Er0.4Bi1.6O3 (ESB20) were synthesized and characterized using impedance spectroscopy. In Part I of this study the electrode area specific resistance (ASR) of this system was found to increase by nearly 70% in 100 h at 650 °C due to migration and ultimate growth and agglomeration of the silver phase. In the present study, two approaches were used to combat silver migration. First, nano-sized 8-mol% YSZ powders were added to the electrode slurries. Stability improvement was achieved at 5, 10, and 15 vol.% YSZ. Second, ESB20 starting particle size was reduced using vibratory milling. This approach yielded a 25% reduction in initial ASR, a 95% reduction in ASR degradation rate under no applied bias at 650 °C, and a 50% reduction in degradation rate under a 250 mV applied bias at 650 °C.
Effect of Vagal Stimulation on Enterochromaffin Cell Granulation in the Guinea Pig Small Intestine

Experiments are presented which study the effect of vagal stimulation on the enterochromaffin cell granulation of the guinea pig duodenum. Concentration of granulated enterochromaffin cells in specially stained intestinal sections is used to determine the response. The results indicate the vagus nerves per se and not hydrochloric acid secretion, increased intraluminal pressure, or hyperperistalsis significantly alter the granulation of these cells. The data also suggest that vagal degranulation may occur via a noncholinergic mechanism.
Average multiplicities in gluon and quark jets as exact solution of QCD equations

Abstract Exact solution of QCD equations for generating functions is obtained in the case of fixed coupling. The ratio of parton multiplicities of gluon to quark jets is predicted to be equal to 1.8. It depends weakly on the number of flavors and on the coupling. Monte Carlo results support our prediction, but current experimental data are so far unsuitable for direct comparison.
Poly(m-phenylene): Conjugated Polymer Host with High Triplet Energy for Efficient Blue Electrophosphorescence

A poly(m-phenylene) derivative tethering carbazole unit (PmPCz) is reported to have a triplet energy level (ET) as high as 2.64 eV, sufficient to host blue electrophosphorescence. To our best knowl...
Information Needs for Hospital Blood Bank Inventory Control

As revealed in an earlier study of blood bank inventory control, the records kept by many blood banks, and the statistics derived therefrom, are not adequate for the rational control of inventories of blood products. A reasonable set of basic data is described, together with a possible set of records capable of providing the necessary information.
A low-density potting compound

The development of certain electronic packages for missile and airborne applications has created a need for a lightweight potting compound that offers greater environmental protection than that provided by the available polyurethane foams. Preliminary efforts indicated that this objective could be best achieved by incorporating low-density fillers into conventional epoxy resins.
Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in a child with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

We report a 5-year-old female who presented with unexplained acute renal failure (ARF) and hyperuricemia and who was subsequently diagnosed of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Peripheral smear was initially unremarkable. She required hemodialysis. Two weeks later, peripheral smear showed 40% blasts and bone marrow demonstrated T-cell ALL. Our case was the fifth and the youngest case of ALL with spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome. However, in contrast to previous reports in ALL or acute myeloid leukemia, our patient did not have blasts noted on periphereal blood smear and her white blood cell count and serum lactate dehydrogenase level were normal on admission, a time when dialysis-dependent ARF and severe hyperuricemia were present. Occult hematologic malignancy should be considered in cases of ARF and hyperuricemia of unknown etiology even when peripheral hematologic findings are not informative. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:773–775. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Derived Lentivirus Vectors Pseudotyped with Envelope Glycoproteins Derived from Ross River Virus and Semliki Forest Virus

Ross River virus (RRV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) are two alphaviruses that have a high degree of amino acid homology, as well as a very broad host range. We show here that envelope glycoproteins derived from both viruses can pseudotype human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived lentivirus vectors. Both RRV and SFV glycoproteins considerably expand the host range of the lentivirus vector, and vectors can be efficiently concentrated by ultracentrifugation. A systematic analysis comparing the alphaviral glycoproteins to the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) revealed that lentivirus vectors incorporate RRV glycoproteins with an efficiency comparable to that of VSV-G. Both pseudotypes have comparable physical titers, but infectious titers with the RRV pseudotype are lower than with VSV-G. Incorporation of SFV glycoproteins into lentivirus vector is less efficient, leading to decreased physical and infectious titers. The transduction rates with VSV-G-, RRV-, and SFV-pseudotyped lentivirus vectors into adherent cell lines can be significantly increased by using a combination of Polybrene and plates coated with CH-296 recombinant fibronectin fragments. Together, our data suggest that RRV and SFV glycoproteins might be suitable as alternatives to VSV-G for pseudotyping lentivirus vectors.
5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol selectively activates the canonical PI3K/AKT pathway: a bioinformatics-based evidence for androgen-activated cytoplasmic signaling

5α-Androstane-3α,17β-diol (3α-diol) is reduced from the potent androgen, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT), by reductive 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3α-HSDs) in the prostate. 3α-diol is recognized as a weak androgen with low affinity toward the androgen receptor (AR), but can be oxidized back to 5α-DHT. However, 3α-diol may have potent effects by activating cytoplasmic signaling pathways, stimulating AR-independent prostate cell growth, and, more importantly, providing a key signal for androgen-independent prostate cancer progression. A cancer-specific, cDNA-based membrane array was used to determine 3α-diol-activated pathways in regulating prostate cancer cell survival and/or proliferation. Several canonical pathways appeared to be affected by 3α-diol-regulated responses in LNCaP cells; among them are apoptosis signaling, PI3K/AKT signaling, and death receptor signaling pathways. Biological analysis confirmed that 3α-diol stimulates AKT activation; and the AKT pathway can be activated independent of the classical AR signaling. These observations sustained our previous observations that 3α-diol continues to support prostate cell survival and proliferation regardless the status of the AR. We provided the first systems biology approach to demonstrate that 3α-diol-activated cytoplasmic signaling pathways are important components of androgen-activated biological functions in human prostate cells. Based on the observations that levels of reductive 3α-HSD expression are significantly elevated in localized and advanced prostate cancer, 3α-diol may, therefore, play a critical role for the transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent prostate cancer in the presence of androgen deprivation.
Implementing chronic care for COPD: planned visits, care coordination, and patient empowerment for improved outcomes

Current primary care patterns for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) focus on reactive care for acute exacerbations, often neglecting ongoing COPD management to the detriment of patient experience and outcomes. Proactive diagnosis and ongoing multifactorial COPD management, comprising smoking cessation, influenza and pneumonia vaccinations, pulmonary rehabilitation, and symptomatic and maintenance pharmacotherapy according to severity, can significantly improve a patient’s health-related quality of life, reduce exacerbations and their consequences, and alleviate the functional, utilization, and financial burden of COPD. Redesign of primary care according to principles of the chronic care model, which is implemented in the patient-centered medical home, can shift COPD management from acute rescue to proactive maintenance. The chronic care model and patient-centered medical home combine delivery system redesign, clinical information systems, decision support, and self-management support within a practice, linked with health care organization and community resources beyond the practice. COPD care programs implementing two or more chronic care model components effectively reduce emergency room and inpatient utilization. This review guides primary care practices in improving COPD care workflows, highlighting the contributions of multidisciplinary collaborative team care, care coordination, and patient engagement. Each primary care practice can devise a COPD care workflow addressing risk awareness, spirometric diagnosis, guideline-based treatment and rehabilitation, and self-management support, to improve patient outcomes in COPD.
An integrated computer aid for generating and evaluating assembly sequences for mechanical products

An integrated computer aid that is useful for assembly-line design and for concurrent design of mechanical products is described. Recognizing that early consideration of assembly sequence is important for producibility, quality control, flexibility, and market responsiveness, the authors have built an integrated set of user-interactive computer programs that generates all feasible assembly sequences for a product and then aids the user in judging their value based on various criteria. The programs use a disassembly analysis for generating sequences and provide online visual aids during generation and evaluation. During evaluation, matters such as avoiding difficult assembly states or moves, stability, fixturing, orientation, refixturing and reorientation count, and inclusion of favorable states are considered to highlight desirable or undesirable sequences. The designer edits the set of sequences according to these criteria, leading to an informed sequence choice or to needed design refinement. The interactive programs provide a rapid means for sequence selection, encouraging their use during early design. >
Sequence and characterization of the Escherichia coli genome between the ndk and gcpE genes

The region of the chromosome immediately upstream of the Escherichia coli gene gcpE has been cloned and sequenced. This region contains two functional open reading frames, orf 384 and orf 337, encoding proteins of 43082 and 36189 Da, respectively. Sequencing analysis (this paper) and the isolation of a DNA fragment containing a functional promoter (Talukder, A.A., Yanai, S., and Yamada, M. (1994) Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 58, 117–120) indicate that orf 337 is in an operon with gcpE. The gene orf 384 is immediately downstream of the gene ndk, which encodes nucleoside diphosphate kinase.
Seeing the invisible: Situating L2 literacy acquisition in child–teacher interaction

Abstract The author revisits her earlier qualitative research on ESL children’s emergence into literacy, which she conducted with 5- and 6-year olds at a multilingual K-12 school in Casablanca, Morocco. Through further reflection and study, she arrives at the notion of “synchronicity” — a dynamic oneness between teacher and child — as the distinguishing feature of three classrooms where children’s literacy development was taking place at an extraordinary pace. This work presents readers with new insights into the affective complexities of child–teacher interaction and its role in literacy development.
Soil type and moisture regime control microbial C and N mineralization in grassland soils more than atmospheric CO2-induced changes in litter quality

Abstract Global change-induced alterations in litter quality and soil moisture regime will likely impact grassland C and N dynamics, but how these changes interact with edaphic properties across the landscape is unclear. We measured the effects of litter quality, soil type, soil moisture level, and soil drying-rewetting frequency (D-RW) on microbial C and N mineralization of litter and soil organic matter (SOM) in a full-factorial, controlled incubation experiment. Four levels of litter quality (no litter; or litter from Bouteloua curtipendula grown under 280, 380, 500 μL L−1 CO2) were surface-applied to three contrasting soils common to Blackland Prairie landscapes: an upland Mollisol, a lowland Vertisol, and a fluvial Alfisol. Different soil moisture regimes were tested by incubating soils at four moisture levels (air-dry, 25%, 35%, or 50% water-holding capacity, WHC) and by drying-rewetting soils 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8 times over the 112-d incubation period. Litter additions stimulated microbial activity, increasing total CO2 production (i.e. C mineralized from litter + SOM decomposition) up to 17× more than no-litter controls (average 3×) and decreasing net N mineralization up to −3× less (average −0.5×) due to greater microbial N immobilization. Neither C nor N mineralization, however, was affected by litter quality. For all soils, litter decomposition increased with increasing WHC and D-RW frequency, but the average percent of total CO2 derived from litter was a negative function of SOM content. Similarly, net N mineralization also was positively correlated with soil WHC and affected most strongly by soil type (Alfisol
Identification of network measurement challenges in OpenFlow-based service chaining

Software-defined networking and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) have simplified the coordination efforts for “service chaining.” Consequently, network services such as firewall, load balancing, etc. may be service chained in the forwarding (data) plane for specific applications and/or traffic. A specific case is for the firewall rules that depend on deep packet inspection for application identification. If a particular application is identified and is “safe,” would it be worthwhile to program the data plane to bypass the FW for the duration of the application session? For such a traffic-steering case, we report measurement challenges on various setups and the related cost analysis based on the network delay. Measurements of the network and processing delay have been performed with virtualized resources, on GENI testbed, and with isolated hardware units. Experiences are also reported on how a commercial firewall virtual appliance has been deployed on the GENI testbed for experimentation. The results illustrate the measurement uncertainties and challenges for DPI-based traffic steering in virtualized environments. In addition, we show that such a service chaining may increase throughput and relieve DPI-based processing overhead on firewall units.
Thrombelastography is better than PT, aPTT, and activated clotting time in detecting clinically relevant clotting abnormalities after hypothermia, hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in pigs.

Abstract : Hypothermia and hemorrhagic shock contribute to coagulopathy after trauma. In this study, we investigated the independent and combined effects of hypothermia and hemorrhage with resuscitation on coagulation in swine and evaluated clinically relevant tests of coagulation. Methods: Pigs (n = 24) were randomized into four groups of six animals each: sham control, hypothermia, hemorrhage with resuscitation, and hypothermia, hemorrhage with resuscitation combined. Hypothermia to 32 Degrees C was induced with a cold blanket. Hemorrhage was induced by bleeding 35% of total blood volume followed by resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution. Coagulation was assessed by thrombin generation, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), activated clotting time (ACT), and thrombelastography (TEG) from blood samples taken at baseline and 4 hour after hypothermia and/or hemorrhage with resuscitation. Data were compared with analysis of variance. Results: Baseline values were similar among groups. There were no changes in any measurements in the control group. Compared with baseline values, hemorrhage with resuscitation increased lactate to 140% + or - 15% ( p less than 0.05). Hypothermia decreased platelets to 73% + or - 3% (p less than 0.05) with no effect on fibrinogen. Hemorrhage with resuscitation reduced platelets to 72% + or - 4% and fibrinogen to 71% + or - 3% (both p less than 0.05), with similar decreases in platelets and fibrinogen observed in the combined group. Thrombin generation was decreased to 75%+ or - 4% in hypothermia, 67% + or - 6% in hemorrhage with resuscitation, and 75% + or - 10% in the combined group (all p less than 0.05). There were no significant changes in PT or aPTT by hemorrhage or hypothermia. ACT was prolonged to 122% + or - 1% in hypothermia, 111% + or - 4% in hemorrhage with resuscitation, and 127% + or - 3% in the combined group (all p less than 0.05).
Synthesis of Novel Peptide Inhibitors of Thrombin-induced Platelet Activation

Inhibitors of the activation of platelet aggregation have promise as important therapeutic agents for the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Platelet activation by thrombin, a serine protease, occurs by binding to and cleavage of the extracellular N-terminal domains of protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 (PAR1 and PAR4). The proteolysis of the PARs exposes new tethered ligands that then signal through transmembrane domains to initiate platelet activation as a downstream effect. A pentapeptide cleavage product of bradykinin with the sequence Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe serves as a thrombin inhibitor by blocking α- and γ-thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Analogs of RPPGF have been prepared that result in improved inhibition of thrombin activation of platelets. Specific amino acid residues required for activity against platelet aggregation have been identified, and a lead compound, rOicPaPhe(p-Me)-NH2 (FM19), has been developed. FM19, which completely inhibits threshold γ-thrombin-induced platelet aggregation at a concentration of 16 ± 4 μm, represents an important lead compound in the development of inhibitors of thrombin-mediated platelet aggregation for treatment of ACS.
The Role of Generic Health-Related Quality of Life Measures in Establishing Audiological Rehabilitation Outcomes

Objective: To review the status of generic functional health measures used with hearing-impaired adults and to summarize the findings of studies that have utilized these outcome measures to assess the benefit of amplification. Design: Four basic generic quality of life measures used with the hearing-impaired population for determining hearing aid benefit are reviewed and discussed. The measures include the Sickness Impact Profile, the Self Evaluation of Life Function, the Medical Outcomes Study, and the Dartmouth COOP Functional Health Assessment Charts. Results: The review of studies concerned with quality of life measures revealed that present day functional health status tools lack the necessary sensitivity to detect clinically meaningful improvements in patients with hearing impairment. Conclusions: Although we have good reason to believe that hearing aids improve quality of life, available functional health status measures lack the appropriate sensitivity to be used for assessing the benefit of amplification in individuals with hearing impairment. There is an urgent need for additional research to address this important area.
Calculation of phonon-phonon interactions and two-phonon bound states on the Si(111):H surface.

The Si(111):H surface is studied within the framework of density-functional theory using the local-density approximation. In particular, the Si-H stretch mode is investigated in detail. The phonon-phonon interaction strength is found to be 2\ensuremath{\Gamma}=-76.6 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ and the phonon bandwidth to be 7.2 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. Two-phonon bound states are found to exist with a binding energy of 86.4 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, in excellent agreement with the recent experimental result of 90 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$.
Korean Immigrants' Viewing Patterns of Korean Satellite Television and its Role in Their Lives

This research is based on in-depth interviews with 10 Korean immigrants who watch Korean satellite television. The paper analyzed their program preferences, viewing time, and the extent of satisfaction in relation to their demographic characteristics. It also examined the role of satellite television in Korean immigrants’ lives. The results showed that Korean satellite television contributed much to the reinforcement of the viewers’ ethnic identity. In addition, satellite television replaced other Korean ethnic media due to its real time news delivery.
Comparison of four intelligence tests used with culturally disadvantaged children.

Responses to 3 brief intelligence tests, the Slosson Intelligence Test, the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, and the Draw-A-Man Test, were compared with scores on the Stanford-Binet from 29 Head Start children. Correlations with the S-B ranged from .79 to .64. The Slosson was judged the best brief substitute for the S-B in that it correlated .79 with the S-B and its mean IQ was virtually the same as the S-B mean.
Group psychotherapy for medical patients.

Abstract The view that physical and mental health are reciprocally and inseparably related is well accepted today. Physicians in almost all specialties are confronted daily with patients for whom no organic cause for presenting symptoms is discernible, patients whose emotional reactions aggravate existing physical disorders, and patients whose impaired physical functioning frequently result in reduced psychologic functioning. In 1905, Dr. Joseph Pratt, a Boston internist, recognized the psychologic component in somatic disease and included group therapy techniques in his treatment of tuberculosis patients. Although these group meetings had a primarily educational and inspirational focus. Pratt felt that group members found a "common bond in a common disease", and firmly believed that the group experience contributed to the overall success of his treatment regime. Since Pratt's classic 1907 paper, 1 several reviews have reported advances in the use of group psychotherapy in nonpsychiatric medical settings. Thomas's 2 1943 review of the group therapy field reported in detail on Pratt's followers and others who extended group psychotherapeutic methods to patients in medical settings. Stein 3 updated Thomas's review and also discussed relevant theoretic issues such as the unique advantages of group psychotherapy in the treatment of psychosomatic illnesses. This article will present studies published since Stein's review within a conceptual context that focuses on therapeutic ingredients of group treatment procedures for patients with ongoing medical problems. In addition, difficulties with leading such groups, and the necessity of more systematic research will be discussed.
An Antitrust Analysis of the Federal Trade Commission’s Complaint Against Intel

The Federal Trade Commission’s recent complaint targets the Intel Corporation for antitrust scrutiny under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act and Section 2 of the Sherman Act. The Commission alleges that, through the use of loyalty discounts offered to microprocessor purchasers, Intel unlawfully excluded rivals and harmed consumers in the microprocessor and graphics processor markets. This article analyzes the Commission’s claims. The Commission’s reliance on Section 5 should be viewed with suspicion because it allows the Commission to evade the more stringent standards of proof that have been emerged in the Supreme Court’s Section 2 jurisprudence. Furthermore, the Commission’s actions surrounding its prosecution of Intel reflect an adversarial attitude that undermines the Commission’s stated comparative advantages over private litigants. Moreover, the Commission’s allegations form a weak case when evaluated under the conventional Section 2 standard. Unlike many Section 2 cases alleging speculative future consumer harm, the disputed conduct in this case has been in the marketplace for nearly a decade, and its competitive footprint is readily observable. The available data do not support the Commission’s theory that Intel’s behavior harmed consumers. To the contrary, it is almost certain that Intel’s distribution contracts led to tangible, demonstrable consumer welfare gains in the form of lower prices. Accordingly, the Commission’s complaint against Intel threatens to harm consumers directly in the computer industry as well as indirectly by undermining the stability and certainly which longstanding Section 2 jurisprudence has afforded the business community by requiring the plaintiffs offer rigorous proof of competitive harm.
Where is the return on investment in wireless sensor networks

Research and development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is motivated by their potential for ubiquitous monitoring and response . Expanded spatial and temporal monitoring coupled with actuation has huge promise for a range of defense, energy, agriculture, and manufacturing applications. However, WSNs still fall well below this potential. In this article I discuss reasons for this gap, based on lessons learned from developing multiple WSN systems. Specifically, I focus on the need for technologies to enable WSN software development, and rigorous models to improve the understanding of each WSN application.
Near infrared and visible two-photon transitions in the optogalvanic spectrum of neon

Eighty-two two-photon transitions for neon have been observed in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions for use as wavelength calibration standards. The optogalvanic signals were obtained from a commercial neon-filled hollow-cathode lamp, which was irradiated with the Raman shifted output as well as the unshifted output of a rhodamine 6G or rhodamine 640 pulsed dye laser. This arrangement yielded both one-and two-color two-photon spectra. The dependence of the optogalvanic signal on the laser power revealed that multiphoton ionization was occurring. The utility of the multiphoton ionization signal also was investigated.
Complexity constrained sensor networks: achievable rates for two relay networks and generalizations

Motivated by limited computational resources in sensor nodes, the impact of complexity constraints on the communication efficiency of sensor networks is studied. A single-parameter characterization of processing limitation of nodes in sensor networks is invoked. Specifically, the relaying nodes are assumed to "donate" only a small part of their total processor time to relay other nodes information. The amount of donated processor time is modelled by the node's ability to decode a channel code reliably at given rate R. Focusing on a four node network, with two relays, prior work for a complexity constrained single relay network is built upon. In the proposed coding scheme, the transmitter sends a broadcast code such that the relays decode only the "coarse" information, and assist the receiver in removing ambiguity only in that information. Via numerical examples, the impact of different power constraints in the system, ranging from per node power bound to network wide power constraint is explored. As the complexity bound R increases, the proposed scheme becomes identical to the recently proposed achievable rate by Gupta & Kumar (2003). Both discrete memoryless and Gaussian channels are considered.
Challenges with Online Research for Couples and Families: Evaluating Nonrespondents and the Differential Impact of Incentives

In this study some of the challenges of conducting online research with couples and families were considered. Of particular concern with internet samples are the high percentages of individuals who have invalid email addresses and the low response rates to research requests. Using a sample of 2,049 individuals from whom we had extensive information, we invited them to participant in a short survey on their couple relationship. We explored whether participants who had invalid email addresses were different from those who had valid addresses and we compared those who completed the survey with those who did not. Also we explored the influence of different monetary incentives on response rates. The findings indicated that when evaluating 18 different areas including background measures, personality measures, family of origin measures, and couple measures, there were only minor differences between those with valid and invalid email addresses, and only one difference between those who completed the survey and those who did not. Also a lottery type monetary incentive showed promise in improving response rates compared to no incentive and a standard $20 incentive.
The Lives of South African Communists

Ben Turok, Nothing But the Truth: Behind the ANC's Struggle Politics, (Johannesburg and Cape Town, Jonathan Ball Publishers, 2004), 320 pp, R149.95 paperback, ISBN 1-86842-176-7, Ray Alexander Simo...
Melt migration beneath mid‐ocean spreading centers

Mid-ocean ridge volcanism is largely concentrated within a few kilometers of the spreading axis. Geophysical models of upwelling induced melting beneath a ridge axis predict significant melting within a ∼100 kilometer wide region beneath a ridge axis. This provides a strong constraint for testing models of melt migration beneath a spreading center since a successful melt migration mechanism must be able to focus melt from a broad region of melt production to the narrow emplacement zone at the ridge axis. Tensile dike propagation transport of melt within the mantle would move melt away from the ridge axis and thus does not satisfy this constraint. However, porous flow of melt within a viscously deforming asthenosphere is a viable possibility. Models of porous flow are constructed which consider the effects of mantle flow-induced pressure gradients and strain-induced anisotropic permeability on porous melt migration. In order for flow-induced pressure gradients to shape melt migration the sub-ridge asthenospheric viscosity must be 1021 Pa-s, two orders of magnitude larger than currently accepted values. Mantle strain-induced anisotropic permeability variations can explain the focussing of melt towards the ridge axis if the ratio of the directional anisotropic permeabilities is as small as 3. Furthermore, mantle strain-induced anisotropy in rock permeability may be an important mechanism shaping melt migration within the mantle.
iGlobe: an interactive visualization and analysis framework for geospatial data

We demonstrate an interactive visualization and analysis system for integrating climate data with other geospatial data sets, such as environmental and demographic data. The iGlobe system is a desktop-based visualization and analysis environment which allows seamless integration of multiple geospatial data sets from varied sources and provides an interface to interactively analyze the different data sets and apply sophisticated data analysis and mining algorithms in a near real time fashion. The framework is highly desirable in domains such as earth and climate sciences where great emphasis is placed on simultaneous analysis of different data sets such as remote sensing images, climate model simulation outputs, and other environmental and demographic databases, to understand weather and climate systems and the impact of climate change on nature and people.
Academic Failure in Secondary School: The Inter-Related Role of Health Problems and Educational Context

This study explores whether the interplay of health problems and school environment predicts academic failure, an individual event with consequences for the life course, as well as for society at large. This exploration proceeds in three steps: 1) we examine whether physical and mental health problems are an academic risk factor during secondary school; 2) we investigate the academic mechanisms underlying this risk status; and 3) we explore whether this risk status varies by school context. A series of logistic regressions reveals that self-rated health and emotional distress are both associated with greater likelihood of failing one or more classes in the next year and that absenteeism, trouble with homework, and student-teacher bonding account for much of these associations. Associations of physical and mental health problems with academic failure vary only slightly across schools, however. We discuss the implications of these findings for both research and policy and argue that the examination of overlap among different domains of adolescent functioning can advance the sociological understanding of health, education, and social problems in general.
Integrating research into the core curriculum. A case study

Summary form only given. This presentation describes an approach to providing undergraduates with a "real-world" research experience within the context of a core computer science course. As a required course, Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) is typically taught in the junior/senior year, and normally covers fundamental topics in AI as well as Lisp programming. The author wanted to give the students an experience of what is involved in a real AI research project, such as the Visual Interaction Assistant for Radiology. This intelligent assistant is based on extensive cognitive data collection from radiologists reading chest X-rays, and there are several open analysis problems which still need to be resolved. It seemed that the "think aloud" reports of the radiologists could be used as a vehicle to help the students learn how to extract computationally meaningful information from a domain expert's thoughts and words. Many issues arising in this exercise are applicable to the development of expert systems in other domains as well, for example: handling specialized vocabulary, developing quantitative measures and qualitative concept labeling procedures, applying subjective ratings, aggregating data, and interpreting results of the analyses both individually and in the context of the whole experiment. The required tasks included a time analysis using the original video data, a concept analysis where the words in the protocols were categorized and labeled, and a performance analysis where the subjects' diagnoses were compared with those of the project expert.
Oscillating Starless Cores: Nonlinear Regime

In a previous paper, we modeled the oscillations of a thermally supported (Bonnor-Ebert) sphere as nonradial, linear perturbations following a standard analysis developed for stellar pulsations. The predicted column density variations and molecular spectral line profiles are similar to those observed in the Bok globule B68, suggesting that the motions in some starless cores may be oscillating perturbations on a thermally supported equilibrium structure. However, the linear analysis is unable to address several questions, among them the stability and lifetime of the perturbations. In this paper, we simulate the oscillations using a three-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic code. We find that the oscillations are damped predominantly by nonlinear mode coupling, and the damping timescale is typically many oscillation periods, corresponding to a few million years, and persisting over the inferred lifetime of globules.
A Novel Current Impulse Commutation Circuit for Thyristor Inverters

A novel current impulse commutation circuit for single- and three-phase thyristor inverters is presented and fully analyzed. Relevant design expressions are also derived. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed circuit has a number of significant advantages over commutation circuits currently employed.
Pharmacists Role in Cholesterol Management Addressing Challenges and Barriers

Cholesterol management is an important factor in the modification of primary and secondary cardiovascular events. Guidelines emphasize incorporation of appropriate medication therapy and lifestyle adjustments to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction. Of note, studies and nation-wide statistics indicate many patients do not achieve their LDL-C goals. Eliminating barriers and challenges associated with cholesterol management will allow patients to reach prespecified goals for CVD risk reduction. As the nation transitions to covering more individuals, the need for additional health care providers is evident. Pharmacists are accessible and knowledgeable health care contributors who can assist in optimizing patient outcomes. This article discusses the pharmacist's role in addressing challenges and barriers in cholesterol management.
Scattering by a periodically apertured conducting screen

This paper presents a generalized variational method for calculation of equivalent-circuit parameters or scattering coefficients of any thin obstacle. The equivalent susceptance is obtained from an eigenvalue of a general-energy operator. The method is applied here to the scattering of a plane wave by a conducting screen containing a doubly-periodic array of square apertures. Previous variational formulations of analogous waveguide problems were largely restricted to cases in which only the dominant mode can propagate. In applying these methods to scattering problems, the ratio of aperture spacing to wavelength had to be restricted to less than unity at normal incidence so that no additional propagating modes were excited. The formulation presented here can be applied, however, for any number of propagating modes. Numerical results are presented for scattering by a periodically apertured screen, giving scattering coefficients as a function of wave number of the incident wave. The distribution of energy into higher-order diffraction lobes is evaluated.
British Musical Modernism: The Manchester Group and their Contemporaries

British Musical Modernism explores the works of eleven key composers to reveal the rapid shifts of expression and technique that transformed British art music in the post-war period. Responding to radical avant-garde developments in post-war Europe, the Manchester Group composers - Alexander Goehr, Peter Maxwell Davies, and Harrison Birtwistle - and their contemporaries assimilated the serial-structuralist preoccupations of mid-century internationalism to an art grounded in resurgent local traditions. In close readings of some thirty-five scores, Philip Rupprecht traces a modernism suffused with the formal elegance of the 1950s, the exuberant theatricality of the 1960s, and - in the works of David Bedford and Tim Souster - the pop, minimalist, and live-electronic directions of the early 1970s. Setting music-analytic insights against a broader social-historical backdrop, Rupprecht traces a British musical modernism that was at once a collective artistic endeavor, and a sounding myth of national identity.