cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Using a Game to Teach About Phishing

Cyber security education has become increasingly critical as we spend more of our everyday lives online. Research shows that college students are mostly unaware of many online dangers. To teach students about cyber security using their preferred medium, gaming, we developed an educational 2D game called Bird's Life that aims to teach college students about phishing. Players will come to understand phishing attacks and how to avoid them in real world scenarios through a fun gaming context. The game can be deployed to multiple platforms such as PC, web and mobile devices. To measure the effect of this game on learning the concepts of cyber security, a pre-test, post-test and online survey were developed and used in the evaluation process. In Spring 2017, the game was used in the CSC1310 Computer programming I class and CSC3332 Fundamentals of Internet Systems class at Winston-Salem State University. Initial classroom evaluations show that students love this type of learning and they did perform better in the post-test after playing the game.
Towards the Prevention of Aminoglycoside-Related Hearing Loss

Aminoglycosides are potent antibiotics deployed worldwide despite their known side-effect of sensorineural hearing loss. The main etiology of this sensory deficit is death of inner ear sensory hair cells selectively triggered by aminoglycosides. For decades, research has sought to unravel the molecular events mediating sensory cell demise, emphasizing the roles of reactive oxygen species and their potentials as therapeutic targets. Studies in recent years have revealed candidate transport pathways including the mechanotransducer channel for drug entry into sensory cells. Once inside sensory cells, intracellular targets of aminoglycosides, such as the mitochondrial ribosomes, are beginning to be elucidated. Based on these results, less ototoxic aminoglycoside analogs are being generated and may serve as alternate antimicrobial agents. In this article, we review the latest findings on mechanisms of aminoglycoside entry into hair cells, their intracellular actions and potential therapeutic targets for preventing aminoglycoside ototoxicity.
‘You need to do love’: autoethnographic mother-writing in applying ParentCrit

AbstractAs the white (In an act of resistance to the maintenance and promotion of white supremacy, I do not capitalize ‘white’ or acknowledge it as a proper noun.) mother of biracial children who look white, navigating critical race conversations as a part of Critical Race Parenting (ParentCrit) is just that, navigation. In this article I offer ParentCrit approaches in alignment with CRT and Critical Whiteness Studies (CWS), but through my own ParentCrit experiences, using autoethnographic mother-writing. The title reflects one of my child’s initial interpretations of racial justice: ‘You need to do love,’ as elaborated through our discussions and my analyses.
BrainPhys® increases neurofilament levels in CNS cultures, and facilitates investigation of axonal damage after a mechanical stretch-injury in vitro

Abstract Neurobasal®/B27 is a gold standard culture media used to study primary neurons in vitro. An alternative media (BrainPhys®/SM1) was recently developed which robustly enhances neuronal activity vs. Neurobasal® or DMEM. To the best of our knowledge BrainPhys® has not been explored in the setting of neuronal injury. Here we characterized the utility of BrainPhys® in a model of in vitro mechanical-stretch injury. Methods/results Primary rat cortical neurons were maintained in classic Neurobasal®, or sequentially maintained in Neurocult® followed by BrainPhys® (hereafter simply referred to as “BrainPhys® maintained neurons”). The levels of axonal markers and proteins involved in neurotransmission were compared on day in vitro 10 (DIV10). BrainPhys® maintained neurons had higher levels of GluN2B, GluR1, Neurofilament light/heavy chain (NF-L & NF-H), and protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) vs. neurons in Neurobasal®. Mechanical stretch-injury (50 ms/54% biaxial stretch) to BrainPhys® maintained neurons modestly (albeit significantly) increased 24 h lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels but markedly decreased axonal NF-L levels post-injury vs. uninjured controls or neurons given a milder 38% stretch-injury. Furthermore, two 54% stretch-injuries (in tandem) exacerbated 24 h LDH release, increased α-spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs), and decreased Tau levels. Also, BrainPhys® maintained cultures had decreased markers of cell damage 24 h after a single 54% stretch-injury vs. neurons in Neurobasal®. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that lentivirus mediated overexpression of the pro-death protein RBM5 exacerbates neuronal and/or axonal injury in primary CNS cultures. RBM5 overexpression vs. empty-vector controls increased 24 h LDH release, and SBDP levels, after a single 54% stretch-injury but did not affect NF-L levels or Tau. Conclusion BrainPhys® is a promising new reagent which facilities the investigation of molecular targets involved in axonal and/or neuronal injury in vitro.
S-parameter measurements of quantum-well devices

A technique has been developed for making 5-parameter measurements of whisker contacted quantum-well diodes with an HP 8510B automatic network analyzer. Special mounts with K connectors were designed to enable measurements up to 20 GHz. Several different quantum-well diodes were succesfully measured. The voltage dependent conductance and capacitance were calculated from the reflection coefficient of each device. These are the first reported 5-parameter measurements in the negative differential resistance (NDR) region of quantum-well devices.
The Role of Adaptive Behavior in Evidence-Based Practices for ASD: Translating Intervention into Functional Success

The main diagnostic features of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are defined in terms of qualitative impairments in social interaction, communication, and a pattern of restricted interests or repetitive behaviors. However, the particular constellation of symptoms, number, frequency, and severity differs from individual to individual. For some, an end goal in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders, whether stated explicitly or not, is to reduce autistic symptomatology and “cure” the disorder. One positive step in the discourse around treatment for ASD is a change in focus from symptom expression to measured changes in adaptive functioning. From this perspective, the intransigence of the diagnosis is not an indication of lack of success of a treatment model or educational program; rather, an emphasis is placed on functional outcomes such as helping people with ASD attend school in the least restrictive environment, communicate with family and peers, enjoy leisure activities with others, attend to their daily living needs (e.g., toileting, washing, dressing, eating, and cleaning), regulate emotions and behavior, and establish and maintain relationships with others.
The impact of health insurance status on the stage of cervical cancer diagnosis at a tertiary care center in Massachusetts.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the impact of insurance status on the stage of cervical cancer diagnosed and treated at a tertiary care center in Massachusetts and review the preceding screening history. Methods An IRB approved retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients with a diagnosis of cervical cancer treated at Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) between January 2011 and June 2016. Clinical and demographic data was extracted from the longitudinal medical record. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS. Results 117 cases of cervical cancer met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Most patients (76%) were diagnosed with stage I disease. On univariate analysis, compared to patients with private insurance, patients with public insurance or no documented insurance presented at older ages, were more likely to be non-white races, and present with advanced stage disease. In an adjusted model, the risk of being diagnosed with advanced stage disease persisted among women with public or no documented insurance, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.13 (1.37–12.45). There was no difference in screening history among women with private vs. public insurance, p = 0.30. Conclusions Despite access to insurance, patients with public issued insurance had an increased risk of presenting with advanced stage cervical cancer in this cohort. These data suggest that additional barriers to screening and prevention may exist and are important for future investigation.
A Qualitative Investigation of Landmarks in Software Code Navigation

A large body of research is available on software clustering and many tools have been developed to assist software programmers to navigate and easily comprehend large software systems. However, minimal attention has been paid to the area of visual clustering to support code navigation. In this paper, we leverage clustering-based visualization to explore static-dependency-based landmarks present in the code base. Landmarks are important legibility features that developers use as reference points. Our qualitative investigation of a java project reveals developers' reliance on the landmarks during code navigation and shows the promise of using static dependencies to uncover the landmarks in the software space.
Family Physicians' Perspectives on Their Weight Loss Nutrition Counseling in a High Obesity Prevalence Area.

Background: Obesity is a serious and highly prevalent health problem. Behavioral modification for weight loss is effective, and physician nutrition counseling is encouraged. Nevertheless, several studies have reported that physicians provide nutrition counseling infrequently. Time constraints and lack of patient compliance are among frequently reported barriers. Aim: In this pilot study, we aimed to examine physician weight loss nutrition counseling among family physicians in Huntington, West Virginia, an area with the highest obesity prevalence in the United States. Methods: We administered an anonymous 13-question online survey designed for this study to all area family physicians in continuity ambulatory practice, asking about how often they provided nutrition counseling to their comorbidly obese patients, their nutrition education background, the counseling resources used, and the barriers they faced. Results: Thirty-eight of the 47 invited physicians completed surveys. The 35 to 55 age group comprised 55% of the respondents. Men comprised 53% of our sample. Two-thirds of the physicians reported that they counseled at a high frequency. Twenty-six of the 38 physicians reported that their nutrition education in medical school was none to minimal. Of the rest, 47.2% viewed their education as clinically relevant. The most frequently-used specific patient education sources were those embedded in electronic health records, the US Department of Agriculture9s MyPlate tool, and a variety of smartphone-based apps. Time constraints and lack of patient interest in nutrition topics were the leading barriers cited. Conclusion: Family physicians practicing in the most obese population in the United States tend to be high-frequency obesity nutrition counselors who frequently use specific tools, consider their education lacking and face oft-cited barriers. Studies in other highly endemic areas are needed to confirm these findings.
Triacontanol and its second messenger 9-β—L(+) adenosine

Triacontanol (TRIA) increases plant growth and sometimes dramatically increases crop yields or improves important quality constituents. Octacosanol (OCTA) inhibits the activity of TRIA at equimolar concentrations (Joneset al.1979). Octocosanol and triacontanol elicit the second messengers, OCTAM and TRIM, respectively in rice(Oryza sativaL.) seedlings (Ries and Wert, 1988). OCTAM inhibits the activity of TRIM but not that of TRIA. TRIM has been identified as 9-β-L(+) adenosine (Rieset al.1990).
Conservation and Restoration of Acipenser oxyrinchus in the USA

The US East and Gulf Coast subspecies of Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus have undergone severe population size reductions from a combination of overfishing, blockages by damming of spawning runs, and (possibly) the effects of water pollution. The life history characteristics of these fishes (late age of maturity, low lifetime fecundity, low straying rates) render their abundances susceptible to low levels of fishing mortality (such as by-catch) and low rates of natural recolonization where extirpated. Some experimental restocking has occurred, but to little effect. Present management rests mainly on decades-long cessation of directed fishing. A formal petition to list Atlantic sturgeon as a federally endangered species is under consideration. If designated, even longer-term protection might be offered.
Sensor Network Robustness using Model-based Data Reconciliation for Continuous Tablet Manufacturing

Advances in continuous manufacturing in the pharmaceutical industry necessitate reliable process monitoring systems that are capable of handling measurement errors inherent in all sensor technologies and detecting measurement outliers to ensure operational reliability. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate data reconciliation (DR) and gross error detection methods as real-time process management tools to accomplish robust process monitoring. DR mitigates the effects of random measurement errors, while gross error detection identifies nonrandom sensor malfunctions. DR is an established methodology in other industries (i.e., oil and gas) and was recently investigated for use in drug product continuous manufacturing. This work demonstrates the development and implementation of model-based steady-state data reconciliation on 2 different end-to-end continuous tableting lines: direct compression and dry granulation. These tableting lines involve different equipment and sensor configurations, with sensor network redundancy achieved using equipment-embedded sensors and in-line process analytical technology tools for the critical process parameters and critical quality attributes. The nonlinearity of the process poses additional challenges to solve the steady-state data reconciliation optimization problem in real time. At-line and off-line measurements were used to validate the framework results.
Environment-to-phenotype mapping and adaptation strategies in varying environments

Biological organisms exhibit diverse strategies for adapting to varying environments. For example, a population of organisms may express the same phenotype in all environments ("unvarying strategy") or follow environmental cues and express alternative phenotypes to match the environment ("tracking strategy"), or diversify into coexisting phenotypes to cope with environmental uncertainty ("bet-hedging strategy"). We introduce a general framework for studying how organisms respond to environmental variations, which models an adaptation strategy by an abstract mapping from environmental cues to phenotypic traits. Depending on the accuracy of environmental cues and the strength of natural selection, we find different adaptation strategies represented by mappings that maximize the long-term growth rate of a population. The previously studied strategies emerge as special cases of our model: The tracking strategy is favorable when environmental cues are accurate, whereas when cues are noisy, organisms can either use an unvarying strategy or, remarkably, use the uninformative cue as a source of randomness to bet hedge. Our model of the environment-to-phenotype mapping is based on a network with hidden units; the performance of the strategies is shown to rely on having a high-dimensional internal representation, which can even be random.
Visualizing and Analyzing Intracellular Transport of Organelles and Other Cargos in Astrocytes

Astrocytes are among the most abundant cell types in the adult brain, where they play key roles in a multiplicity of functions. As a central player in brain homeostasis, astrocytes supply neurons with vital metabolites and buffer extracellular water, ions, and glutamate. An integral component of the “tri-partite” synapse, astrocytes are also critical in the formation, pruning, maintenance, and modulation of synapses. To enable these highly interactive functions, astrocytes communicate among themselves and with other glial cells, neurons, the brain vasculature, and the extracellular environment through a multitude of specialized membrane proteins that include cell adhesion molecules, aquaporins, ion channels, neurotransmitter transporters, and gap junction molecules. To support this dynamic flux, astrocytes, like neurons, rely on tightly coordinated and efficient intracellular transport. Unlike neurons, where intracellular trafficking has been extensively delineated, microtubule-based transport in astrocytes has been less studied. Nonetheless, exo- and endocytic trafficking of cell membrane proteins and intracellular organelle transport orchestrates astrocytes’ normal biology, and these processes are often affected in disease or in response to injury. Here we present a straightforward protocol to culture high quality murine astrocytes, to fluorescently label astrocytic proteins and organelles of interest, and to record their intracellular transport dynamics using time-lapse confocal microscopy. We also demonstrate how to extract and quantify relevant transport parameters from the acquired movies using available image analysis software (i.e., ImageJ/FIJI) plugins.
The Learning Management System Matters in Face-to-Face Higher Education Courses:

A learning management system (LMS) is a critical technology platform for teaching and learning for nearly all institutions of higher education. Although an LMS is a driving force in online courses,...
Hepatitis C Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment Selection, Treatment Failure, and Use of Drug-Drug Interactions in a State Medicaid Program.

BACKGROUND: Newer hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments often provide high success rates with fewer adverse events, although the extent of all potential drug interactions is not fully known. OBJECTIVE...
Primary Pulmonary Histiocytosis X

“Primary” pulmonary histiocytosis X is a disease of unknown etiology. The clinical and pathologic features of 11 cases diagnosed by lung biopsy are reviewed. The disease was found more often in males and ages ranged from three months to 59 years. The children reported appear to be unique as no others with isolated pulmonary disease were encountered in a review of the literature. Electron microscopic observations in one case revealed rod-like intracytoplasmic inclusions in some histiocytes. Although previously described in skin, bone and pulmonary lesions of histiocytosis X, the nature of these inclusions is not known. Six patients died, four apparently due to effects of pulmonary disease, one patient of pneumonia and another in an auto accident two years after the diagnosis had been confirmed.
No Hay Vida Sin Libertad: Testimonios of Resistance From the #Hutto27 Hunger Strikers

No hay vida sin libertad—“There is no life without freedom”—read a sign at a rally demanding the closure of the T. Don Hutto Residential Center in Taylor, Texas, in November 2015. The rally was hel...
Traitement anti-TNF ou non anti-TNF dans la polyarthrite rhumatoïde active : facteurs déterminant le choix des patients

Resume Objectif Evaluer les raisons pour lesquelles les patients choisissent une biotherapie anti-TNF ou non anti-TNF pour le traitement de la polyarthrite rhumatoide (PR) active apres echec du methotrexate. Methodes Les participants ont repondu a la question : « Quels elements entrent dans le choix d’un patient entre deux types de biotherapie injectable, anti-TNF ou non anti-TNF, pour traiter une polyarthrite rhumatoide dont l’activite n’a pas pu etre controlee par le methotrexate ? ». Ils ont selectionne des reponses, discute, puis vote. Resultats Quarante-quatre patients ont ete repartis dans 10 groupes nominaux (Birmingham n = 6 ; New York City n = 4). La majorite etait des femmes (86 %), 68 % etaient blanches et l’âge moyen etait de 65 ans (ecart-type [ET] 12). Les traitements de fond antirhumatismaux (DMARD) actuels/passes comprenaient le methotrexate dans 88 % des cas, les glucocorticoides dans 12 % et des biotherapies et/ou des inhibiteurs de JAK dans 68 % des cas. La douleur et la fatigue etaient legeres a moderees avec une moyenne de 3,9 (ET 2,5) et de 4,3 (ET 2,5), respectivement, sur une echelle de 0 a 10 ; la duree moyenne de la raideur articulaire matinale etait de 1,3 heure (ET 2,1). Le nombre de groupes ayant selectionne chaque reponse et le nombre total de votes par reponse etaient les suivants : (1) « Effets indesirables/crainte d’effets indesirables » : 10/10, 31 % des votes (82/264) ; (2) « Efficacite/capacite a reduire les degradations articulaires » : 9/10, 30 % des votes (80/264) ; (3) « Avis du medecin » : 6/10, 12 % des votes (32/264) ; (4) « Cout » : 7/10, 9 % des votes (25/264) ; (5) « Autres medicaments/comorbidites » : 4/10, 12 % des votes (31/264) ; (6) « Experience d’autres personnes/recherche d’informations/recherche personnelle » : 2/10, 2 % des votes (5/264) ; (7) « Nouveaute » : 1/10, 2 % des votes (6/264) ; et (8) « Aspect pratique/frequence d’utilisation » : 1/10, 1 % des votes (3/264). Conclusions Nous avons identifie les avis des patients quant au choix entre biotherapie anti-TNF et non anti-TNF pour le traitement d’une PR active, des informations propres a faciliter la decision partagee dans la prise en charge clinique.
Kinships of the Sea: Comparative History, Minor Solidarity, and Transoceanic Empathy

Creole literatures and expressive cultures from the Mascarene Islands and the Caribbean region have long trained our minds to think transversally. Not only do they foreground narratives of migration and displacement that have put diverse peoples, cultures, and languages into close contact over extended historical periods, but they also bring together trajectories and epistemologies that turn minor-to-minor solidarities into a rhetoric of a new humanism. This essay focuses on the figure of the migrant in the works of transnational artists and writers such as Nathacha Appanah, Nirveda Alleck, Ananda Devi, and Patrick Chamoiseau. At stake is the construction of new kinships, which destabilize historical, geographical, and cultural divides inherited from colonialism and engage anew with questions of comparative history, minor solidarity, and human empathy.
Are daily cross-border equity flows pushed or pulled?

We investigate the conditions under which an intertemporal equilibrium model based on investors' portfolio decisions can explain the dynamics of high-frequency equity flows. Our model shows that, w...
A national profile of kinlessness at the end of life among older adults: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The majority of end-of-life (EOL) caregiving is provided by unpaid family members. An increasing number of older adults are kinless (without close family/partnerships) and may have insufficient caregiver support to remain at home at the EOL. We therefore determined what proportion of older adults are kinless at the EOL and assessed the association of kinlessness with EOL care. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of Health and Retirement Study decedents, 2002-2015. SETTING US population-based sample. PARTICIPANTS Decedents age 51+ who died within 1 year of interview (n = 3844) and subset who are community-dwelling at last interview. MEASUREMENTS Kinlessness was defined as lacking a spouse/partner and children. Primary outcome measure was location of death. Secondary outcome measures included contextual EOL measures such as symptom burden and caregiver support. RESULTS A total of 7.4% of decedents were kinless at the EOL. Kinless decedents were more likely to be female, nonwhite, enrolled in Medicaid, living alone, or living in a nursing home prior to death. Although community-dwelling kinless decedents received fewer hours of caregiving per week at the EOL (34.7 vs. 56.2, p < 0.05) and were more likely to die in nursing homes (18.1% vs. 10.3%, p < 0.05) than those with kin, they did not have higher EOL symptom burden or treatment intensity (e.g., intensive care unit use). In multinomial logistic analysis controlling for demographic and illness characteristics, kinless decedents living in the community before death had a twofold increased risk of dying in the nursing home (odds ratio [OR] = 2.02 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09-3.72]) and a trend toward increased risk of hospital death (OR = 1.60 [95% CI = 0.96-2.69]) versus home setting. CONCLUSIONS Kinless individuals are more likely to die in nursing homes, even if they are living in the community in their last year of life. Expanded long-term care services and policies are needed to enable all older adults regardless of their family support systems to receive high-quality EOL care.
Risk Assessment Approach to Regulatory Compliance Challenges in Aging Facilities: A Case Study of Harlypet Oil and Gas Nigeria Limited Facilities

Compliance with new regulations in old plants remains a recurring challenge because of negative outcome of incidents. This challenge stems from uncertainties in the facilities’ integrity, owing to inadequacy of existing integrity-validating technologies. Process facilities deteriorate through cyclic operations, while encroachments from expanding population characteristically raise the risk-levels, leading to need for higher grade materials to meet operational expansions. Retroactive compliance becomes a nightmare with every new regulation without a robust cost-to-benefit assurance. This paper discusses two-phased qualitative and quantitative risk modelling approach through systematic field-data-gathering, hazards identification and analysis by a twelve-man risk management engineers. The methodology successfully computed a ``health-check" of the facility's compliance to new regulations, 17 high-risk-hazards were extracted from 42 potential hazards and successfully established varied individual risk levels ranging from 4.07E-06 to 1.64E-04/year. Also, risks ranged from 1.00E-04 to 5.00E-05/year of tolerable risks to the environment, society, and business were recorded across the facility while, 22 risk-mitigation actions were recommended. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i2.6
Short Selling and the Product Market: Evidence from SHO

I study the effect of short selling on product market performance using exogenous variations in short selling threats generated by the pilot program of Regulation SHO. I find that the decrease in short selling costs of firms in the pilot program has a positive and causal effect on firms' product market shares. The positive effect is stronger if firms face ex ante obstacle in effectively obtaining product related consumer preference information. The result is consistent with the product information transmission effect of short selling, i.e., short sellers transmit information about customers' preferences through their trading decisions. I find some weak evidence consistent with the disciplining effect of short selling.
Traffic analysis including non-conforming behaviour via image processing

In this paper an approach to traffic analysis is presented which employs image processing techniques to detect non-conforming behavior of vehicles on roadways in addition to providing the normal traffic statistics required for traffic monitoring. Traffic scenes recorded on video tape were used in the laboratory to test the approach. Binary images were obtained by subtracting each incoming sampled frame from a reference frame and thresholding the result. Centroids were calculated for each of the objects found in the binary images and were used to track the path of each vehicle on successive frames for its duration along the roadway in the region of interest. To minimize the computation time required to match objects from a given frame to the corresponding objects in the next frame, the velocity of each vehicle and inertial constraints on speed and angular deviation were used to predict each object's location in the next frame. The object nearest the target value was chosen as the appropriate match. The trajectory of each vehicle was checked for conformity. The implementation of the approach has been able to identify non-conforming vehicle behavior and issue a message on the monitor describing the detected behavior.
Tandem michael-michael-ring closure (mimirc) reactions: One-pot steroid total synthesis-(±)-9,11-dehydroestrones

Abstract A new sequence of reactions involving tandem Michael-Michael-ring closure (MIMIRC) has been developed for efficient formation of three C-C bonds in one reaction vessel. The terminal ring closure reaction proceeds via either a 1,3- or a 1,6-cyclization, and this methodology also serves for construction of quaternary C centers. The usefulness of MIMIRC reactions is demonstrated by efficient assembly of cyclopropyl ketones and of trans-1-hydrindanones such as (±)-9,11-dehydroestrone 1b. This one-pot approach represents the shortest known convergent total synthesis of a steroid, and subsequent straightforward transformations lead directly to natural (±)-estrone.
Social-embeddedness of ERP systems in KM practice

In this paper, we examine the need of social-embeddedness of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in Knowledge Management (KM) practices. KM practices require socially embedded computer-mediated communication among people. ERP systems are widely used to share enterprise-wide information to facilitate organizations' performance. This paper examines whether ERP systems facilitate or hinder each process of KM practices, and implies the application of Social Construction Of Technology (SCOT) approach to solve prospective problems of ERP systems when they support KM. We explained SCOT approach based on its three elements: i) relevant social group; ii) interpretation flexibility; and, iii) closure and stabilization. Using the SCOT approach and Nonaka & Takeuchi's (1995) knowledge-creating model, this paper conceptualizes the difference between socialized and non-socialized ERP integration and suggest the need for social-embedded implementation of ERP systems for enhancing knowledge transfer. This study aim to answer the following three research questions: (1) what is the role of ERP in facilitating knowledge transfer in organizations? (2) What are the problems associated with the use of ERP for supporting knowledge management processes in organizations? (3) How can SCOT be applied to solve these problems?.
Ultimate ultrafast white light's first observations: early discovery circa 1970 (presentation video)

The first discovery and mechanism of super continuum generation with ultrashort pulses in solids (glasses and crystals) and rare gas media will be presented. How the observation of the white light over 6000cm-1 was unraveled for the first time with excitation of ultrashort pulses 45 years ago.
The University of Tennessee Maintenance and Reliability Center Motor Shaft Misalignment Research Project

The Maintenance and Reliability Center (MRC) at The University of Tennessee, performs research and applies cutting-edge technology to help its member companies reduce losses caused by equipment downtime. The first MRC research project dealt with the precision alignment of rotating machinery. Controlled experiments were performed at The University of Tennessee and at the Oak Ridge Center for Electrical Machinery System Testing to clearly discern what relationships exist between motor misalignment and motor efficiency. The results of these tests show no significant correlation between misalignment and changes in efficiency when the tested couplings were operated within the manufacturer's recommended range. On-going research is investigating the relationship between alignment and bearing load.
Multidisciplinary Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Treatment of HCC is complicated by its highly variable biologic behavior and the frequent coexistence of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis in affected patients. While surgery remains the most frequently employed treatment modality, curative resection is only possible for a minority of patients. More often, treatment goals are palliative and draw on the expertise of a range of medical specialists. This chapter aims to place current treatment strategies within the framework of a multidisciplinary approach with special emphasis on pretreatment evaluation, staging, and the selection of an appropriate treatment strategy.
Fibrillar β-Amyloid Induces Microglial Phagocytosis, Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase, and Loss of a Select Population of Neurons in the Rat CNS In Vivo

To determine the stability of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and the glial and neuronal changes induced by Aβ in the CNS in vivo , we made single injections of fibrillar Aβ (fAβ), soluble Aβ (sAβ), or vehicle into the rat striatum. Injected fAβ is stable in vivo for at least 30 d after injection, whereas sAβ is primarily cleared within 1 d. After injection of fAβ, microglia phagocytize fAβ aggregates, whereas nearby astrocytes form a virtual wall between fAβ-containing microglia and the surrounding neuropil. Similar glial changes are not observed after sAβ injection. Microglia and astrocytes near the injected fAβ show a significant increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression compared with that seen with sAβ or vehicle injection. Injection of fAβ but not sAβ or vehicle induces a significant loss of parvalbumin- and neuronal nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons, whereas the number of calbindin-immunoreactive neurons remains unchanged. These data demonstrate that fAβ is remarkably stable in the CNS in vivo and suggest that fAβ neurotoxicity is mediated in large part by factors released from activated microglia and astrocytes, as opposed to direct interaction between Aβ fibrils and neurons.
Internal Volume in Fibers1

The amount and size distribution of internal volume, or pore space, is related to many important fiber properties such as diffusion, swelling, accessibility to reagents, and mechanical properties. A high-pressure mercury porosimeter has been applied to fibers to yield direct information about total pore volume and pore size distribution, and indirect information about the geometry of the pore structure.Results for a variety of natural and synthetic fibers are given. Examples are shown of pore structures arising from wet spinning, freeze-drying, and hot drawing in several experimental fibers.
The moderating role of cognitive capacities in the association between social norms and drinking behaviors

BACKGROUND: The literature documents 2 related yet distinct social normative influences on adolescent drinking. Descriptive norms refer to perceptions of how much others engage in a particular behavior, whereas injunctive norms refer to the extent to which others approve of a particular behavior. Theoretical formulations suggest that whether descriptive or injunctive norms guide drinking behavior depends on cognitive factors related to executive functioning. Cognitive capacities, specifically inhibitory control (IC) and preplanning, were tested as moderators of the association between social norms and alcohol use using a longitudinal design and community sample of adolescents. METHODS: This longitudinal study included 387 adolescents and 3 annual waves of data. Behavioral tasks assessed IC (Stop Signal Task) and preplanning (Tower of London) and social norms and drinking were assessed using self-report measures. RESULTS: Significant interactions were found for descriptive and injunctive norms with preplanning and descriptive norms with IC. As hypothesized, descriptive norms were stronger prospective predictors of alcohol use at low levels of cognitive preplanning, whereas injunctive norms were stronger prospective predictors at high levels of cognitive preplanning. Descriptive norms prospectively predicted alcohol use at high, but not at low levels of IC. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the complexity of normative influences and suggest that descriptive and injunctive norms have differential effects on future drinking for individuals with different cognitive capacities. Language: en
Berlioz and Liszt ”in the Locker Room“

The closest of friends in the early eighteen-thirties, Berlioz and Liszt shared artistic aspirations (especially around the latter’s reworkings of the former’s Symphonie fantastique and its sequel, Le Retour a la vie) and personal adventures (especially around the former’s irrational passion for the Irish actress Harriet Smithson and the latter’s efforts at counsel and consolation). These matters are discussed in the context of Berlioz’s private (and I believe insensitive) announcement, in a letter to Liszt sent four days after the marriage, that his new wife had been a virgin.
The liquid architecture: a non-linear peer-to-peer distributed architecture with polymorphic message passing

In terms of benefiting from the potential to be gained from full distribution, today's most common implementations of distributed systems follow only limited linear versions of distribution such as client-server or n-tier models. Even many "peer to peer" systems still rely on centralized servers to provide the message passing connectivity between the peers. While these systems do provide increased robustness and computational speedup, they fail to realize the full measure of what fully distributed architectures offer.With many of the techno-historical reasons behind these linear distributed systems becoming obsolete, we should try to think of new, more truly distributed models. Fully distributed architectures should demonstrate the ability to move functionality to a completely contingent set of machines determined at or just prior to run time. Under such an architecture -- a" liquid" architecture, functionality and data are completely freed from any fixed locations or functional paths and may flow at will. Especially in the domain of shared space applications such as chat and pseudochat (i.e. instant messaging) services, and virtual collaboration, the flexibility and security to be gained from the full distribution of a liquid architecture represent not only premium benefits but possibly core requisites to their essential purpose and functionality.This paper examines the notion of a liquid architecture and explores a case study implementation of such an architecture via the Virtual Collaboration Tool introduced below.
The role of secondary structure in the entropically driven amelogenin self-assembly

Amelogenin, the major extracellular enamel matrix protein, plays critical roles in controlling enamel mineralization. This generally hydrophobic protein self-assembles to form nanosphere structures under certain solution conditions. To gain clearer insight into the mechanisms of amelogenin self-assembly, we first investigated the occurrences of secondary structures within its sequence. By applying isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), we determined the thermodynamic parameters associated with protein-protein interactions and with conformational changes during self-assembly. The recombinant porcine full length (rP172) and a truncated amelogenin lacking the hydrophilic C-terminal (rP148) were used. Circular dichroism (CD) measurements performed at low concentrations (,5 mM) revealed the presence of the polyproline-type II (PPII) conformation in both amelogenins in addition to a-helix and unordered conformations. Structural transition from PPII/unordered to b-sheet was observed for both proteins at higher concentrations (.62.5 mM) and upon self-assembly. ITC measurements indicated that the self-assembly of rP172 and rP148 is entropically driven (1DSA) and energetically favorable (� DGA). The magnitude of enthalpy (DHA) and entropy changes of assembly (DSA) were smaller for rP148 than rP172, whereas the Gibbs free energy change of assembly (DGA) was not significantly different. It was found that rP172 had higher PPII content than rP148, and the monomer-multimer equilibrium for rP172 was observed in a narrower protein concentration range when compared to rP148. The large positive enthalpy and entropy changes in both cases are attributed to the release of ordered water molecules and the associated entropy gain (due to the hydrophobic effect). These findings suggest that PPII conformation plays an important role in amelogenin self-assembly and that rP172 assembly is more favorable than rP148. The data are direct evidence for the notion that hydrophobic interactions are the main driving force for amelogenin self-assembly.
Formation of conjugated delta8,delta10-double bonds by delta12-oleic-acid desaturase-related enzymes: biosynthetic origin of calendic acid.

Divergent forms of the plant Δ12-oleic-acid desaturase (FAD2) have previously been shown to catalyze the formation of acetylenic bonds, epoxy groups, and conjugated Δ11,Δ13-double bonds by modification of an existing Δ12-double bond in C18 fatty acids. Here, we report a class of FAD2-related enzymes that modifies a Δ9-double bond to produce the conjugatedtrans-Δ8,trans-Δ10-double bonds found in calendic acid (18:3Δ8 trans ,10 trans ,12 cis ), the major component of the seed oil of Calendula officinalis. Using an expressed sequence tag approach, cDNAs for two closely related FAD2-like enzymes, designated CoFADX-1 and CoFADX-2, were identified from a C. officinalis developing seed cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequences of these polypeptides share 40–50% identity with those of other FAD2 and FAD2-related enzymes. Expression of either CoFADX-1 or CoFADX-2 in somatic soybean embryos resulted in the production of calendic acid. In embryos expressing CoFADX-2, calendic acid accumulated to as high as 22% (w/w) of the total fatty acids. In addition, expression of CoFADX-1 and CoFADX-2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was accompanied by calendic acid accumulation when induced cells were supplied exogenous linoleic acid (18:2Δ9 cis ,12 cis ). These results are thus consistent with a route of calendic acid synthesis involving modification of the Δ9-double bond of linoleic acid. Regiospecificity for Δ9-double bonds is unprecedented among FAD2-related enzymes and further expands the functional diversity found in this family of enzymes.
The systematic position of the genus Chirobia Fain, 1959 (Astigmata: Sarcoptidae) with a description of Chirobia harpyionycteris n. sp. from the Old World fruit bat Harpyionycteris whiteheadi (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)

A new species of Chirobia Fain, 1959, C. harpyionycteris n. sp., parasitic on the Old World fruit bat Harpyionycteris whiteheadi (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) is described and illustrated, with notes on its ecology. The assemblage of the genera Chirobia, Teinocoptes Rodhain, 1923 and Tychosarcoptes Fain, 1976 forms a monophyletic group within the family Sarcoptidae. Within this group, Chirobia is monophyletic, with a sister group relationship between C. harpyionycteris and the assemblage of all previously described Chirobia species. The status of Teinocoptes remains uncertain, but the available evidence suggests that this genus may be paraphyletic.
Analysis of 2ν1 of HDSe

Abstract We have run a high resolution infrared absorption spectrum of HDSe in the 2.2 μm region. We have assigned it to 2 ν 1 , the SeH stretch overtone of HDSe, and have identified a total of approximately 300 transitions among the isotopic species containing Se isotopes 82, 80, 78, 77, and 76. We analyzed all isotopes simultaneously using Typke's reduced Hamiltonian. Ground state constants were obtained from a simultaneous least squares fit of our ground state combination differences together with Veselago's microwave data. Upper state constants were obtained from a least squares fit of our spectral lines, keeping the ground state constants fixed.
Deformation of UO2 at High Temperatures

The effects of temperature, strain rate, and grain size on the mechanical properties of UO2 were investigated using the four-point bending technique. Strain rates were varied by two orders of magnitude, and test temperatures up to 1800°C were used. Data are presented on the ultimate tensile stress, yield stress, and plastic strain-to-fracture. Below the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature, Tc, the material fractured in a brittle manner, with no macroscopic plastic deformation. Between Tc and a second transition at a higher temperature, Tt, a small amount of plastic deformation was measured before fracture. Beyond Tt, the strength of UO2 decreased continuously, and extensive plasticity was observed. This high-temperature plasticity was characterized by a thermally activated rate-controlling process; this behavior is consistent with observations of creep behavior under high stresses. The following phenomenological equations for the strain rate fit the data for the material with 8-μm grain size above Tt: and where σp and σ88f are the proportional limit and steady-state flow stress, respectively, and temperature T is in °K.
Special Issue ofAerosol Science and Technologyfor Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies

In 1997, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for PM2.5 (particles in air with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less). States in are...
Molecular and isotopic constraints on the sources of suspended particulate organic carbon on the northwestern Atlantic margin

Abstract The abundance, carbon isotopic composition (Δ 14 C and δ 13 C), and lipid biomarker (alkenones and saturated fatty acids) distributions of suspended particulate organic matter were investigated at three stations centered on the 2000, 3000, and 3500 m isobaths over the New England slope in order to assess particulate carbon sources and dynamics in this highly productive and energetic region. Transmissometry profiles reveal that particle abundances exhibit considerable fine structure, with several distinct layers of elevated suspended particulate matter concentration at intermediate water depths in addition to the presence of a thick bottom nepheloid layer at each station. Excluding surface water samples, the Δ 14 C values of particulate organic carbon (POC) indicated the presence of a pre-aged component in the suspended POC pool (Δ 14 C 14 C values at the 3000 m station exhibited greater variability and generally were lower than those at the other two stations where the values decreased in a more systematic matter with increasing sampling depth. These lower Δ 14 C values were consistent with higher relative abundances of terrigenous long-chain fatty acids at this station than at the other two stations. Two scenarios were considered regarding the potential provenances of laterally transported POC: cross-shelf transport of shelf sediment (Δ 14 C=−140‰) and along-slope transport of the slope sediment proximal to the sampling locations (Δ 14 C=−260‰). Depending on the scenario, isotopic mass balance calculations indicate allochthonous POC contributions ranging between 15% and 54% in the meso- and bathy-pelagic zone, with the highest proportions at the 3000 m station. Alkenone-derived temperatures recorded on suspended particles from surface waters closely matched in-situ temperatures at each station. However, alkenone-derived temperatures recorded on particles from the subsurface layer down to 250 m were lower than those of overlying surface waters, especially at the 3000 m station, implying supply of phytoplankton organic matter originally produced in cooler surface waters. AVHRR images and temperature profiles indicate that the stations were under the influence of a warm-core ring during the sampling period. The low alkenone-derived temperatures in the subsurface layer coupled with the lower Δ 14 C values for the corresponding POC suggests supply of OC on resuspended sediments underlying cooler surface waters distal to the study area, possibly further north or west. Taken together, variations in Δ 14 C values, terrigenous fatty acid abundances, and alkenone-derived temperatures among the stations suggest that input of laterally advected OC is a prominent feature of POC dynamics on the NW Atlantic margin, and is spatially heterogeneous on a scale smaller than the distance between the stations (