cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
In situ monitoring of an escherichia coli fermentation using a diamond composition ATR probe and mid-infrared spectroscopy

A diamond composition ATR probe was used in situ to obtain IR spectra on replicate Escherichia coli fermentations involving a complex medium. The probe showed excellent stability over a 6-month operating period and was unaffected by either agitation or aeration. The formation of an unknown was observed from IR spectra obtained during the sterilization; subsequent experiments proved this to be a reaction product between yeast extract and the phosphates used as buffer salts. Partial-least-squares-based calibration/prediction models were developed for both glucose and acetate using in-process samples. The resulting models had prediction errors of ±0.26 and ±0.75 g/L for glucose and acetic acid, respectively, errors which were statistically equivalent to the estimated experimental errors in the reference measurements. Relative concentration profiles for the unknown formed during sterilization could be generated either by tracking peak height at an independent wavelength or by self-modeling curve resolution of the spectral region overlapping that of glucose. These profiles indicated that this compound was metabolized simultaneously with glucose; upon depletion of the glucose, when the microorganism switched to consumption of acetic acid, utilization continued but at a lower rate. The data presented provide an extensive characterization of the performance characteristics of this in situ analysis and clearly demonstrate its utility not just in the quantitative measurement of multiple known species but in the qualitative evaluation of unknown species.
A Fast Merging Algorithm

We give an algorithm which merges sorted lists represented as balanced binary trees. If the lists have lengths m and n (m $\leq$ n), then the merging procedure runs in O(m log n/m) steps, which is the same order as the lower bound on all comparison-based algorithms for this problem.
The essential trace minerals, immunity, and progression of HIV-1 infection

Abstract Studies of the effects of the essential trace minerals on immunity can provide insight into the role of trace element nutrition in HIV-1 infection and its progression to AIDS. Of the 9 essential trace elements, only 4 have been studied in patients with HIV-1 infection. These are copper, iron, selenium, and zinc. Serum copper concentrations are increased considerably in a wide variety of infections, including HIV-1, but there is no evidence of deficiency during infection. HIV infection eventually results in development of the anemia of chronic infection, with low serum iron and transferrin levels and increased serum ferritin. There is considerable evidence for selenium deficiency in HIV-1–infected subjects from various countries that is associated with more rapid disease progression and increased mortality. Declining serum zinc with progression is both a nonspecific marker of infection and evidence of zinc deficiency. Increases in the serum copper/zinc ratio and ferritin and decreases in serum selenium are markers of HIV-1 progression. Paradoxically, supplementation with iron or zinc may increase the rate of progression and supplemental selenium has been associated with increased vaginal shedding of the HIV-1 virus and thus may increase the risk of heterosexual female-to-male transmission. Supplementation of HIV-1–infected patients with Dietary Reference Intake levels of the above essential trace minerals is prudent, but high doses should be discouraged. The combination of antiretroviral drug therapy, a healthy diet, and a low-dose multivitamin/mineral supplement may be especially effective in the treatment of HIV-1–infected patients.
The dimensionality of the modal equations

Abstract The dimensions of the modal equations are developed and their significance is discussed.
Analysis of the cloverleaf element in a human rhinovirus type 14/poliovirus chimera: correlation of subdomain D structure, ternary protein complex formation and virus replication.

RNA genomes of enteroviruses and rhinoviruses contain a 5′-terminal structure, the cloverleaf (CL), which serves as signal in RNA synthesis. Substitution of the poliovirus [PV1(M)] CL with that of human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV2) was shown previously to produce a viable chimeric PV, whereas substitution with the HRV14 CL produced a null phenotype. Fittingly, the HRV14 CL failed to form a complex with PV-specific proteins 3CDpro–3AB or 3CDpro–PCBP2, considered essential for RNA synthesis. It was reported previously ( Rohll et al., J Virol 68, 4384–4391, 1994 ) that the major determinant for the null phenotype of a PV/HRV14 chimera resides in subdomain Id of the HRV14 CL. Using a chimeric PV/HRV14 CL in the context of the PV genome, stem–loop Id of HRV14 CL was genetically dissected. It contains the sequence C57 UAU 60-G, the underlined nucleotides forming the loop that is shorter by 1 nt when compared to the corresponding PV structure (UUGC 60 GG). Insertion of a G nucleotide to form a tetra loop (C57 UAU 60 GG61) did not rescue replication of the chimera. However, an additional mutation at position 60 (C57 UAC 60 GG61) yielded a replicating genome. Only the mutant PV/HRV14 CL with the UAC 60 G tetra loop formed ternary complexes efficiently with either PV proteins 3CDpro–3AB or 3CDpro–PCBP2. Thus, in the context of PV RNA synthesis, the presence of a tetra loop in subdomain D of the CL per se is not sufficient for function. The sequence and, consequently, the structure of the tetra loop plays an essential role. Biochemical assays demonstrated that the function of the CL element and the function of the cis-acting replication element in the 3Dpol–3CDpro-dependent uridylylation of VPg are not linked.
Isolated lobular pulmonary artery atresia with systemic collaterals in tetralogy of Fallot.

similar manner. During fetal life, the superior vena cava is continuous with the coronary sinus. Small thebesian veins drain from this area into the left atrium. If the coronary sinus should be atretic or 0ccluded,2.~.g blood drains retrogradely into the left superior vena cava. If the latter atrophies too, dilated thebesian veins drain into the left atrium (foramen of Bochdalek). Aberrant pulmonary veins may join this system at any point. Usually the coronary sinus or left superior vena cava, or occasionally both,*^^*^^ drain the abnormal vessel. If neither is patent, blood drains via the thebesian system into the left atrium. We postulate this type of drainage to explain the aberrant left-sided insertion into the left atrium. Becu et ale and Nelson et a14 emphasize the importance of distinguishing abnormal connections from abnormal drainage. The latter causes the return of oxygenated pulmonary venous blood to the right side of the heart. These left-to-right shunts are often surgically correctable. With abnormal connections, the route back to the left atrium may be circuitous, but hemodynamically is normal. This case illustrates the value of cardiac catheterization in ruling out left-to-right shunts and the value of angiography in assessing the direction of flow.
Children as decision makers: guidelines for pediatricians

Il s'agit ici d'un point de vue beaucoup plus large que la capacite legale du consentement, mais de la capacite de l'enfant a un consentement eclaire, de l'evaluation et de l'encouragement de cette capacite, compte tenu egalement de l'attitude des familles et de la personnalite des pediatres
Self-regulating fiber fuel cell

Advances in lithium primary battery technology, which serves as the gold standard power source for the dismounted soldier, have not kept pace with the ever increasing power and energy requirements of modern military electronic equipment. Fuel cells have long been touted as the solution to the dismounted soldier's power and energy problems, but until recently, have largely failed to live up to that promise. There is still a pressing need for better power sources at the Watt or sub-Watt level, especially in applications requiring nontraditional form factors (thin, prismatic) or those having special requirements like flexibility or conformability, where existing battery technology falls short. To address these needs, Honeywell is developing a Self Regulating Fiber Fuel Cell, which utilizes a novel fuel chemistry and regulation mechanism and micro fabrication techniques to create a flexible, conformal power source with substantially better energy density and specific energy compared to state of the art lithium primary batteries. This paper will cover Honeywell's progress on the Fiber Fuel Cell Project.
Extraction of Soluble Fiber from Distillers' Grains

The feasibility of using coproducts from dry grind corn ethanol production as a substrate for the production of soluble fiber was examined. Acid- and base-catalyzed hydrolysis experiments were performed using sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide to partially hydrolyze hemicellulose content of whole stillage, a precursor to distillers' grains, to soluble fiber. The influences of temperature, reaction time, and hydrolyzing agent concentration on the formation of soluble fiber were studied. Soluble fiber was recovered by precipitation in a 95% ethanol solution. Results indicate that appreciable quantities of soluble fiber may be extracted using either acid- or base-catalyzed reactions. The highest yield of soluble fibers was 13.2 g per 100 g-db of treated whole stillage using one weight percent sodium hydroxide at 80oC for 1 h. HPLC analysis was used to quantify the amount of monomeric sugars which were formed during the hydrolysis procedures.
User Comprehension and Searching with Information Retrieval Thesauri

SUMMARY While information retrieval thesauri may improve search results, there is little research documenting whether general information system users employ these vocabulary tools. This article explores user comprehension and searching with thesauri. Data were gathered as part of a larger empirical query-expansion study involving the ProQuest® Controlled Vocabulary. The results suggest that users' knowledge of thesauri is extremely limited. After receiving a basic thesaurus introduction, however, users indicate a desire to employ these tools. The most significant result was that users expressed a preference for thesauri employment through interactive processing or a combination of automatic and interactive processing, compared to exclusively automatic processing. This article defines information retrieval thesauri, summarizes research results, considers circumstances underlying users' knowledge and searching with thesauri, and highlights future research needs.
Testosterone and the Incidence of Boar Taint: Effects of Testosterone or Testosterone Propionate on the Incidence of Boar Taint in Implanted Barrows

Boars, barrows and barrows implanted with testosterone or testosterone propionate via polydimethylsiloxane (Silastic) capsules were placed on test in individual pens at 10 weeks of age. Each animal was slaughtered at 110 kg and evaluated for growth rate, efficiency of feed utilization, carcass merit and the incidence of objectionable odors (boar taint). Five capsules of testosterone or testosterone propionate were used in barrows since they substantially elevated concentrations of serum testosterone, decreased serum LH and stimulated weights of the accessory sex glands. Large variations within and between litters of pigs were found for performance and carcass traits; thus, the influences of castration and testosterone replacement therapy on these traits were inconclusive. In contrast, the effects of castration and hormone treatment on the incidence of boar taint were more definitive. The incidence of boar taint was relatively high in boars, according to a consumer taste panel. This characteristic odor was appreciably lower in barrows and was not reinstated with either testosterone or testosterone propionate implants. These results suggest that testosterone is not itself responsible for boar taint and that 5α-androstenone, the pheromone most closely associated with boar taint, is not produced by peripheral metabolism of testosterone. Additional studies are warranted to provide insight into the regulation of testicular steroid secretion in the boar and the contribution of these steroids to boar taint and protein anabolism.
A Flash-Flooding Storm at the Steep Edge of High Terrain: Disaster in the Himalayas

Flash floods on the edge of high terrain, such as the Himalayas or Rocky Mountains, are especially dangerous and hard to predict. The Leh flood of 2010 at the edge of the Himalayan Plateau in India is an example of the tragic consequences of such storms. The flood occurred over a high mountain river valley when, on three successive days, diurnally generated convective cells over the Tibetan Plateau gathered into mesoscale convective systems and moved off the edge of the Plateau over Leh. An easterly midlevel jet associated with a midlevel monsoon vortex over northern India and a high over Asia helped the convection organize into propagating mesoscale systems that moved over the edge of the Plateau. On the third day the mesoscale system moving off the plateau was greatly invigorated when it suddenly drew on moisture flowing upslope over the terrain. It gained maximum strength from this intake of moisture near Leh, and the heavy rains washed over the surrounding mountains and down and over the town.
Single institution experience with Tru-Cut renal mass biopsy for diagnosing Wilms tumor.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of needle biopsy for diagnosing Wilms tumor (WT) before chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed our institutional experience with Tru-Cut biopsy of pediatric renal masses in patients who subsequently underwent nephrectomy. We compared biopsy pathology with nephrectomy specimens to determine if biopsy accurately predicted final pathology. RESULTS: Seven children underwent Tru-Cut renal mass biopsy followed by surgical resection. In 4 patients, the final biopsy pathology was definitively read as WT and in 3 subjects, the pathology was read as WT versus hyperplastic nephrogenic rest. In all 7 patients, the nephrectomy pathology confirmed a diagnosis of WT. There were no complications after biopsy, and no patients have had local or regional recurrence. CONCLUSION: In our experience, pre-therapy Tru-Cut biopsy safely provides an adequate specimen for pathologic review in diagnosing WT.
Mechanisms of mitosis

Abstract Research on the mechanisms of mitosis can be divided into two categories: descriptions of the mitotic process and characterizations of components in the mitotic machinery. In the first category, the major efforts over the last eight years have focused both on the time-dependent changes in the arrangements of spindle microtubules and on the character of mitotic forces. In the second category, there has been notable progress in developing extracts of mitotic cells to define the factors which regulate spindle formation and action, and in identifying new spindle proteins.
The presence of fenestrated capillaries in the papillary layer of the enamel organ.

The capillary network of the papillary layer of the enamel organ was studied with the electron microscope. Mandibular incisor teeth of ten-day old Swiss albino mice were fixed in formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and prestained with 0.5% uranyl acetate prior to being embedded in Epon. Examination of ultrathin sections revealed the presence of fenestrations approximately 500 A to 700 A in diameter within the most attenuated regions of the capillary walls. In most instances the fenestrations appeared to be closed by diaphragms usually consisting of a thin membrane with a thicker centrally located button of electron opaque material. The presence of fenestrated capillaries within the papillary region of the enamel organ lends further support to the concept that papillary cells are engaged in transport functions during the maturation of enamel.
Children and young people with disabilities: breaking new ground and bridging information worlds

The nature of the 21st century digital environment requires that every citizen become an independent learner equipped with effective information literacy skills (e.g., abilities to identify an information need, master available sources, investigate, seek, drive meaning, evaluate, and use information ethically, critically, and independently) (http://www.ala.org/.../aasl/guidelinesandstandards/learningstandards/AASL_LearningStandards.pdf). In today's digital age, children and young people with cognitive disabilities and other special needs should possess knowledge and information skills that can help them learn and master the complex and heterogeneous information environment. Although in the last two decades, we have gained much knowledge and understanding of the fact that children are not simply "short" adults and that their information behaviors and interaction with information retrieval systems (IRs) do vary from those of adults (Bilal, 2000; Bilal & Kirby, 2002), we are yet to learn about the information behavior of children and young adults with learning disabilities. What are the characteristic of these young users' information behavior? How does their behavior vary from that of "normally developed" young users? How well are existing IRs supportive of these users' information seeking, needs, and use; and what challenges and issues researchers confront in working with these young users? In this panel, a team of four researchers and scholars will report on research projects that have broken not only new grounds of research in this area of study, but also employed innovative and uncommon methodologies to reach out to these young users.
Female Sex Workers and Their Gatekeepers in China: Implications for HIV/STI Prevention

Female sex workers (FSWs) play a key role in HIV/AIDS transmission and their gatekeepers play a crucial role in shaping their behaviors. Limited studies are available on the relationship between FSWs and gatekeepers. In the current study we used an ethnographic approach to examine the dynamic and multidimensional relationship of FSWs and their gatekeepers from the perspectives of both parties. We recruited 38 FSWs and 16 gatekeepers from different types of commercial sex venues in Guangxi, China, and conducted in-depth individual interviews. Our data suggest that FSWs and gatekeepers maintain an interdependent and reciprocal relationship during their business practice, but gatekeepers exert significant influence and control over FSWs. Designing culturally appropriate HIV/STI-prevention programs requires us to take advantage of the unique and crucial roles of gatekeepers. We conclude with a call for structural interventions to protect FSWs’ occupational health and safety.
Functional Analysis of the Nicotinate Mononucleotide:5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole Phosphoribosyltransferase (CobT) Enzyme, Involved in the Late Steps of Coenzyme B12 Biosynthesis in Salmonella enterica

In Salmonella enterica, the CobT enzyme activates the lower ligand base during the assembly of the nucleotide loop of adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) and other cobamides. Previously, mutational analysis identified a class of alleles (class M) that failed to restore AdoCbl biosynthesis during intragenic complementation studies. To learn why class M cobT mutations were deleterious, we determined the nature of three class M cobT alleles and performed in vivo and in vitro functional analyses guided by available structural data on the wild-type CobT (CobT WT ) enzyme. We analyzed the effects of the variants CobT(G257D), CobT(G171D), CobT(G320D), and CobT(C160A). The latter was not a class M variant but was of interest because of the potential role of a disulfide bond between residues C160 and C256 in CobT activity. Substitutions G171D, G257D, and G320D had profound negative effects on the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. The C160A substitution rendered the enzyme fivefold less efficient than CobT WT . The CobT(G320D) protein was unstable, and results of structure-guided site-directed mutagenesis suggest that either variants CobT(G257D) and CobT(G171D) have less affinity for 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB) or access of DMB to the active site is restricted in these variant proteins. The reported lack of intragenic complementation among class M cobT alleles is caused in some cases by unstable proteins, and in others it may be caused by the formation of dimers between two mutant CobT proteins with residual activity that is so low that the resulting CobT dimer cannot synthesize sufficient product to keep up with even the lowest demand for AdoCbl.
Structure-Function Studies of the Self-Assembly Domain of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmembrane Protein gp41

Volume 74, no. 11, p. 5368–5372, 2000. Page 5369, Fig. 2E, first lane: “R579A” should read “R579G.”
A methodology for accurate modeling of energy dissipation in array structures

There is an increasing need for obtaining a reasonably accurate estimate of energy dissipation in SoC designs. Array structures have a significant contribution to the total system level energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a new methodology to develop analytical models for accurately estimating energy dissipation in array structures. The methodology is based on the characterization of arrays for energy as a function of micro-architecture level inputs. The coefficients of the function are extracted using circuit level simulations. We apply the proposed methodology to develop energy models for three different array structures used in the Motorola e500 processor core. The models are validated by comparing them against post-layout SPICE simulation. The energy models are seen to be highly accurate with an error margin of less than 8%. While the experiments are specific to the e500 processor core based array structures, the methodology is generic and can be used to develop energy models for array structures of any SOC design.
The Autonomous Recharging Problem: Formulation and a market-based solution

As robots are increasingly employed for distributed missions, an important problem that needs to be solved is the Autonomous Recharging Problem (ARP); that is, effectively planning and coordinating when, where, and how to recharge robots to maximize operational efficiency. In this paper, we define the ARP and clearly describe the relevant technical challenges that need to be addressed in order to solve the ARP. These challenges include individual awareness about energy for each robot, correlating task execution to its impact on battery life, designing and implementing static and mobile recharging stations, optimizing individual worker robots schedules to ensure extended operations, and coordinating a team of worker and recharging robots to effectively share available recharging resources. In this paper we also describe an initial implementation of a market-based solution to the ARP that scales with the number of tasks as well as with the number of robots, and schedules workers' tasks to coordinate with recharging tasks. The developed solution has been evaluated in simulation and on Pioneer P3DX mobile robots executing transportation tasks in an indoor environment. Results demonstrate that our approach consistently outperforms the state of the art in recharging strategies.
Automatic generation of control system software for flexible manufacturing systems

Presents a systematic approach to automate the development of control software for flexible manufacturing cells at the cell, workstation and equipment controller level. A functional architecture and context-free grammars are proposed as the formal basis, and the FMS system is controlled as a by-product of recognizing context-free grammars. Sematic actions associated with the productions in the grammars provide the required control actions. The underlying system architecture, along with the physical, system and functional models are presented for the various components of the FMS. Implementation issues of the proposed approach are also discussed. >
[{(Mo)Mo5O21(H2O)3(SO4)}12(VO)30(H2O)20]36−: A molecular quantum spin icosidodecahedron

Self-assembly of aqueous solutions of molybdate and vanadate under reducing, mildly acidic conditions results in a polyoxomolybdate-based {Mo72V30} cluster compound Na8K16(VO)(H2O)5[K10⊂{(Mo)Mo5O21(H2O)3(SO4)}12(VO)30(H2O)20]·150H2O, 1, a quantum spin-based Keplerate structure.
Distribution of colorectal cancer in patients with and without ulcerative colitis.

Summary A comparison of the anatomic distribution of colorectal cancer in patients with and without CUC is difficult because of the unequal number of patients in each group and the changing epidemiologic parameters of colorectal cancer in general. In the present study, the distribution of colorectal tumors in patients with and without CUC was compared over two different time periods at a single hospital. In the early time period (1960 to 1975), there was a significantly higher percentage of proximal tumors in the group with cancer and CUC compared to the group with cancer alone. In the most recent time period (1975 to 1981), there was no difference in distribution of colorectal cancer regardless of whether the patient had CUC or not. We believe that the increased percentage of proximal tumors in patients with colorectal cancers and no CUC that has occurred in recent years has led to the present findings of a similar distribution of tumors in patients with and without CUC.
Increased Resistance of Chickens to Acute Aflatoxicosis by Acclimation to Low Environmental Temperatures

Abstract Young broiler chickens were acclimated to environmental temperatures of 8, 19 and 30° C. for approximately five weeks. After acclimation, the birds were administered a single oral dose of aflatoxin (8 mg./kg. body weight) by crop intubation and subsequent mortality were noted. Birds acclimated to the 8°C. environment were more resistant to acute aflatoxicosis than birds acclimated to the other environments. Transferring birds from one environment to another at the time of aflatoxin administration had no effect on their resistance to aflatoxin.
Pneumatic force control for robotic systems

This paper develops a control algorithm to convert a pneumatic actuator into a force generator. Since delivered power from a pneumatic actuator is product of the actuator force and the piston's displacement, through precise measurement of the piston's displacement and robust control of the actuator's power, one can effectively control the actuator force. This article first develops an exact model of a pneumatic system consisting of a double acting cylinder and a servo-valve, with the goal of providing an insight into the design and control requirements for pneumatically-actuated systems. Using the model, derivation of a control algorithm that converts a pneumatic actuator into a force generator for robotics control applications is described.
A Soft Systems Analysis of Social Cognition In Boundary-Spanning Innovation

The term social cognition is used in the psychology and organizational literatures to denote many different manifestations of the mental representations and processes that underlie social perception, social judgment, and social influence. This paper presents a systemic analysis of social cognition, employing three levels of analysis: (i) socially-situated cognition, involving interpretive, "framing" processes; (ii) socially-shared cognition, required to achieve joint framing of an information system; and (iii) distributed cognition, which views collaborative cognition as a set of overlapping frames, mediated by conceptual boundary objects. This research framework is operationalized through the use of Soft Systems Methodology. Findings from a case study of a boundary-spanning design group are presented, to demonstrate interactions between different levels of knowledge-sharing, social interpretation and consensus-building.
Immunized adaptive critics

Immunized computational systems combine a priori knowledge with the adapting capabilities of immune systems to provide a powerful alternative to currently available techniques for intelligent control. In this paper, we present our perspective on various levels of intelligent control and relate them to similar functioning in human immune systems. A technique for implementing immunized computational systems as adaptive critics is presented and the technique is then applied to a control problem to document the effectiveness of this approach.
Reductionism in Economics: Intentionality and Eschatological Justification in the Microfoundations of Macroeconomics

Macroeconomists overwhelmingly believe that macroeconomics requires microfoundations, typically understood as a strong eliminativist reductionism. Microfoundations aims to recover intentionality. In the face of technical and data constraints macroeconomists typically employ a representative-agent model, in which a single agent solves the microeconomic optimization problem for the whole economy, and take it to be microfoundationally adequate. The characteristic argument for the representative-agent model holds that the possibility of the sequential elaboration of the model to cover any number of individual agents justifies treating the policy conclusions of the single-agent model as practically relevant. This eschatological justification is examined and rejected.
Do negative diagnostic 131-I and 124-I scans exclude 131-I as a treatment option in patients with positive thyroglobulin levels?

1668 Objectives To determine the frequency of positive (+) post-therapy (post-tx) 131-I scans in patients (pts) with + thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, negative (neg) diagnostic (dx) 131-I scans, AND neg dx 124-I scans. Methods A prospective study was performed to compare the radiopharmacokinetics of 124-I vs 131-I in pts 1) who had histologically proven well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC), 2) were suspected of having metastatic WDTC (e.g. ↑Tg levels, + recent FNA, suspicious enlarging mass), and 3) were referred for 131-I whole body dosimetry. From this data base, we retrospectively identified all patients who had 1) + Tg, 2) neg dx 131-I scan, 3) neg dx 124-I scan, 4) tx with 131-I, and 5) a post-tx scan. For each image, one reader (dvn) originally categorized every focus of 131-I and 124-I radioiodine uptake as 1=definite physiological uptake/artifact, 2=most likely physiological uptake/artifact, 3=indeterminate, 4=residual thyroid tissue/metastases (mets) in the neck/bed, 5=most likely mets, or 6=definite mets. A category of 4, 5 or 6 was considered +; a category of 1, 2, and 3 was considered neg. Results Of the original 24 patients, 6 pts had +Tg, neg dx 131-I scan, neg 124-I scan, tx with 131-I, and a post-tx scan. Four pts (67%) had + foci on the post-tx scan. Conclusions To our knowledge this is the first report assessing post-tx scans in patients with + Tg, neg dx I-131 scans AND neg 124-I scans. Preliminary data indicate that combined neg 131-I and 124-I scans in pts with a + Tg level have a low predictive value for a neg post-tx scan and should not be used to exclude the option for an 131-I tx.
Mary parker follett lost and found - again, and again, and again

Coming from a long tradition of Quaker beliefs, Mary Parker Follett advocated for an integrative unity in the organization or state where members work together, consensus is built, and power is shared. She applied her process of integration to management practices in both business and government. Parker Follettŉs communitarian ideas and philosophy of smaller more participative government have often run counter to administration and managementsŉ focus on regulation and centralized power. This has contributed to the benign neglect of Parker Follettŉs work in the administrative and management literature. Parker Follettŉs work has been lost and found repeatedly over the past half century. In the rapidly changing and uncertain times of the new millennium we need once again to rediscover her holistic and healing approach to administration and management.
The Relative Resistance to Insect Attack of Three Cabbage Varieties at Different Stages of Plant Maturity

In field observations at Kenosha, Wis., in 1962, the cabbage varieties Racine Market, Red Acre, and Flat Dutch were planted at 5 different dates 20 days apart. One row of each plot in the first planting, given regular applications of insecticide, served as a control protected from insects. Three times during the season, resistance ratings of the varieties were made, to egg deposition and larval attack by the imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (L.), and the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), and to larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella maculipennis (Curtis). These evaluations were synchronized with peak occurrence of first- and second-generation oviposition and peak first-generation larval populations of the imported cabbage worm. In a given count, the relative resistance of the 3 cabbage varieties to each of the insect species was virtually identical in all the plantings. The actual insect populations supported by the plants of any 1 variety varied greatly with plant maturity. The species composition of the lepidopterous complex supported by the different varieties similarly varied in the different plantings. The insecticide-protected plants of all varieties were twice as susceptible to late-season oviposition by the imported cabbageworm and the cabbage looper as those unprotected from prior insect infestation. These observations indicate that seasonal shifts in the relative resistance of the cabbage varieties result from prior insect injury rather than from physiological changes in the plants.
Effect of Monthly Solarization on Eggs of the Elm Spanworm, Ennomos subsignarius (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

The elm spanworm, Ennomos subsignarius (Hubner), oviposits on the underside of branches of host and non-host hardwoods. This behavioral characteristic prompted an investigation of the effect of sunlight on the eggs. In a prior study eggs were exposed toward cardinal directions, zenith, and nadir. Solarization of spanworm eggs toward the west from October 20, 1960, to May 18, 1961, killed nearly all eggs tested (Drooz and Solomon 1964).
Experimental and Computational Analysis of Thick Flatback Wind Turbine Airfoils

An experimental investigation of blunt trailing edge or flatback airfoils was conducted in the University of California, Davis Aeronautical Wind Tunnel. The flatback airfoil is created by symmetrically adding thickness to both sides of the camber line of the FB-3500 airfoil, while maintaining the maximum thickness-to-chord ratio of 35%. Three airfoils of various trailing edge thicknesses (0.5%, 8.75%, and 17.5% chord) are discussed in this paper. In the present study, each airfoil was tested under free and fixed boundary layer transition flow conditions at Reynolds numbers of 333,000 and 666,000. The fixed transition conditions were used to simulate surface soiling effects by placing artificial tripping devices at 2% chord on the suction surface and 5% chord on the pressure surface of each airfoil. The results of this investigation show that lift increases and the well-documented thick airfoil sensitivity to leading edge transition reduces with increasing trailing edge thickness. The flatback airfoils yield increased drag coefficients over the sharp trailing edge airfoil due to an increase in base drag. The experimental results are compared against numerical predictions obtained with two different computational aerodynamics methods. Computations at bounded and unbounded conditions are used to quantify the wind tunnel wall corrections for the wind tunnel tests.
Intelligent Computation Based Coordinated Configuration of Multi-FACTS Devices

Flexible AC transmission system(FACTS) devices are widely applied in power grids,however the parameters of each FACTS device are set according to local variables and respective objectives.To make FACTS devices playing a greater role and eliminate potential adverse impacts,it is necessary to carry out coordinated parameters configuration among multi-FACTS devices.Firstly,the necessity of adopting coordinated configuration of multi-FACTS devices is analyzed by wavelet transform;then based on the improved multi-objective quantum genetic algorithm and extreme learning machine,an algorithm for coordinated configuration of multi-FACTS devices is proposed;finally the simulation of a 4-machine,2-area system with static var compensator(SVC) and thyristor controlled series capacitor(TCSC) is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm
The Relationship Between Trajectories of Family/Cultural Stressors and Depression and Suicidal Ideation Among Substance Using Mexican-American Adults

We used an intersectional minority stress perspective to examine the association between family/cultural stress and mental health among substance-using Mexican-Americans. Employing a unique longitudinal sample of 239 socioeconomically disadvantaged, non-injecting heroin-using Mexican-Americans from San Antonio, Texas, we examined how culturally relevant stressors are related to depression and suicidal ideation. First, we identified depression and suicidal ideation prevalence rates for this disadvantaged sample. Second, we determined how cultural stress is experienced over time using stress trajectories. Third, we evaluated how family/cultural stressors and stress trajectories are related to depression and suicidal ideation outcomes. Results showed high rates of baseline depression (24 %) and suicidal ideation (30 %). We used latent class growth analysis to identify three primary stress trajectories (stable, high but decreasing, and increasing) over three time points during 1 year. We found that the increasing stressors trajectory was associated with higher rates of depression and suicidal ideation, and that stress trajectories had unique relationships with mental illness. We also showed that baseline stressors, sum stressors, and high but decreasing stressors maintained positive associations with mental illness after controlling for baseline depression. Our results highlight the importance of focusing on within-group, culturally specific stressors and addressing both operant and cumulative stressors in the study of mental health for marginalized populations and suggest the importance of early intervention in minimizing stressors.
Bacteriological Monitoring Results of Western Fast Foods in Qingyuan City during 2006-2008

[Objective] To understand the hygienic status of western fast foods in Qingyuan city, analyze the influencing factors, and provide the evidence for making the scientific and effective management measures.[Methods]According to the Microbiological examination of food hygiene (GB/T 4789-2003), microbiological examination was conducted, and the data were analyzed statistically.[Results]464 food samples were tested with the qualified rates from 77.30% to 97.82%, the highest and lowest qualified rate was fried snack food (97.82%) and beverages (77.30%) respectively. Among four quarters, the qualified rate of the first quarter was the highest (96.06%), and that of the second quarter was the lowest (79.82%). The qualified rate of western fast foods in 2008 was the highest (94.12%), followed by 2006 (87.76%) and 2007 (87.00%), and the lowest qualified rate was in 2009 (75.43%).[Conclusion]The hygienic status of western fast foods is poor in this city. Health supervision and management should be strengthened to improve the hygienic level of western fast foods.
Uterine leiomyosarcoma: A review of prognostic clinical and pathologic features

Abstract A series of uterine leiomyosarcomas was reviewed in an attempt to assign prognostic significance to clinical and pathologic features. Extension of the sarcoma at the time of initial diagnosis was associated with a dismal outcome; no patient with disease beyond the confines of the uterus survived. Histologic grade was a useful prognostic feature, although low-grade sarcoma can be associated with metastases. Mitotic count was also useful in prognosis, although it did not correlate as well with clinical outcome as did histologic grade. There was no number of mitoses below which the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was excluded.
Implications of Vowel Diphthong Distortions

Abstract: Clinical records of 42 children with functional articulation disorders characterized by vowel and diphthong distortion were studied to reveal any peculiar features of this group. The data...
Cytochrome P450 Activation of Toxins and Hepatotoxicity

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are the most prominent ones involved in the metabolism of drugs. Although the general role of such metabolism is to inactivate drugs, in some cases electrophilic or radical products result and can cause tissue injury. The induction of individual CYPs can exacerbate the problem. CYP inhibition can also have consequences in drug-drug interactions and liver injury. Drug toxicity can be understood in terms of several contexts, one of which is the bioactivation of chemicals. Examples of drugs and other chemicals that are bioactivated to toxic electrophiles and discussed in this chapter include acetaminophen, aflatoxin B1, cyclosphosphamide, dihydralazine, trichloroethylene, and troglitazone. A number of strategies have been considered to avoid toxicity, a leading cause of attrition, in drug development and screening, although all have their limitations. A regulatory concern is the differences in drug metabolism and toxicity among species and the issue of human-specific metabolites.
Clinical Pathway Implementation Improves Efficiency of Care in a Maxillofacial Head and Neck Surgery Unit.

Purpose Clinical pathways have become an important and simple method of improving patient outcomes and decreasing health care resource usage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate early outcomes associated with the implementation of a clinical pathway in a maxillofacial head and neck surgery unit. Materials and Methods This investigation is a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent microvascular reconstruction of the head and neck from January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2014. Continuous variables were compared among 4 groups using analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test, and categorical variables were compared using χ2 test or Fisher exact test where appropriate. The primary predictor variable was use of the clinical pathway. Groups included patients treated by surgeon A during periods before and after implementation of a postoperative clinical pathway. Two groups treated by surgeon B also were evaluated during the same periods and served as external controls. Each period covered a span of 6 months. Outcome variables across groups were evaluated, including length-of-stay metrics, infection rates, transfers to the intensive care unit, and unplanned return to the operating room. Results Sixty-six patients who underwent microvascular head and neck reconstruction were included. There was a significant decrease in the average length of stay (P = .0364) and an increase in the rate of discharge within 7 days (P = .0416) in the group treated with the clinical pathway. Other outcomes, including infection rate, transfer to the intensive care unit, and unanticipated return to the operating room, showed no relevant difference among groups. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that implementation of a clinical pathway can be beneficial for efficient management of postoperative care in the setting of microvascular head and neck reconstruction. More predictable and shorter lengths of stay are achievable and the clinical pathway serves as a valuable means of improving communication of the clinical care team.
Electronic cigarette explosion: Case report of an emerging cause of orofacial trauma:

Electronic cigarettes are a type of electronic nicotine delivery system. In the United States, electronic cigarettes have surged in popularity since their introduction to the market in 2007. Health...
Gait-Monitoring Wearable Technology for Transtibial Prosthetics

Approximately 40,000 transtibial amputations occur each year in the United States. Current lower leg prosthetic options range from passive artificial limbs to computerized electronic models [1]. Because of insurance limitations, most patients use less sophisticated prosthetics. The average cost of lower leg prosthetics and corresponding medical care for single-leg veterans is at least $1.4 million due to increased rehabilitation times [1]. Gait training methods for transtibial amputees include extended rehabilitation processes lasting up to 9 months. These exercises provide no empirical data to analyze patient gait progress.The device design is a wearable technology that acquires gait information that is evidentiary for physicians when deciding to continue or dismiss further rehabilitation and follow up medical appointments. The technology includes a gyroscope, accelerometer, microprocessor, and electronic components housed in a 3D printed casing that is attachable to any prosthetic, or a biological leg. Pressure sensors are embedded into a sock-like foot covering that is used in tandem with the other electronics.Gait data collection was validated by comparing gait parameter values with literature values. A series of control tests on non-amputees was conducted in order to gather standard data and develop consistent testing practices for the prototype design. These findings are used as a reference when evaluating amputee gait data against non-amputee gait data.As the microprocessor collects data, information is stored onto a memory card used to relay data to the developed program for data analysis. Data analysis is supported by a graphical user interface via LabView which provides valuable gait data to physicians and physical therapists. Gait data analysis is expected to result in asymmetrical patterns for below-the-knee amputees compared to non-amputees as well as abnormal pressure loads throughout the foot [1].Copyright © 2016 by ASME
Have Mischievous Responders Misidentified Sexual Minority Youth Disparities in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health

The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) has been instrumental in identifying sexual minority youth health disparities. Recent commentary suggested that some Wave 1 youth responders, especially males, intentionally mismarked same-sex attraction and, as a result, published reports of health disparities from these data may be suspect. We use two recently developed approaches to identify "jokesters" and mischievous responding and apply them to the Add Health data. First, we show that Wave 1 same-sex attracted youth, including those who later reported completely heterosexual identities in adulthood, were no more likely than different-sex attracted youth and consistently heterosexual participants to be "jokesters." Second, after accounting for mischievous responses, we replicated six previously established disparities: depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and behaviors, alcohol use, cocaine use, parental satisfaction, and school connectedness. Accounting for mischievousness resulted in the elimination of one observed disparity between heterosexual and sexual minority youth: suicidal ideation for males who reported romantic attraction to both sexes. Results also showed that accounting for mischievous responding may underestimate disparities for sexual minority youth, particularly females. Overall, results presented here support previous studies that identified health disparities among sexual minority youth using these data.