cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear intrinsic dissipation in single layer MoS2 resonators

Using dissipation models based on Akhiezer theory, we analyze the microscopic origin of nonlinearity in intrinsic loss of a single layer MoS2. We study the intrinsic dissipation of single layer MoS2 under axial and flexural mode of deformation using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. We compare the amplitude scaling of intrinsic dissipation for both the cases with our proposed model. In the axial deformation case, we found a higher (4th) order dependence of dissipation on the strain amplitude. This nonlinearity is shown to stem from the strain dependence of the phonon mode Gruneisen parameter (PMGP) and is accounted for in our dissipation model. In the flexural deformation case, dissipation is found to have a stronger dependence (≥4) on the amplitude of the transverse motion. This nonlinearity can be explained by considering the coupling between out-of-plane motion and in-plane stretching. The proposed model for the flexure deformation case, which accounts for both kinds of nonlinearity, provides a good estimate of dissipation.
Treatment of Dyslipidemias to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose of Review Current preventive and treatment guidelines for type 2 diabetes have failed to decrease the incidence of comorbidities, such as dyslipidemia and ultimately heart disease. The goal of this review is to describe the physiological and metabolic lipid alterations that develop in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Questions addressed include the differences in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism that characterize the dyslipidemia of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We also examine the relevance of the new AHA/ADA treatment guidelines to dyslipidemic individuals.
Fertility Preservation Strategies in Healthy Women

Reproductive endocrinologists are faced with the challenge of using various technological and laboratory advances in the field to help healthy women preserve fertility for a number of years until conception is desired. Cryopreservation of oocytes has the advantage that it surmounts the possible ethical, religious, and legal limitations of the cryopreservation of embryos. Further improvements in laboratory technologies, like vitrification and in vitro maturation of oocytes or ovarian tissue, are likely to replace embryo cryopreservation as the main strategy for fertility preservation in the near future.
Application of advanced structure to multi-tone mask for FPD process

In accordance with improvement of FPD technology, masks such as phase shift mask (PSM) and multi-tone mask (MTM) for a particular purpose also have been developed. Above all, the MTM consisted of more than tri-tone transmittance has a substantial advantage which enables to reduce the number of mask demand in FPD fabrication process contrast to normal mask of two-tone transmittance.[1,2] A chromium (Cr)-based MTM (Typically top type) is being widely employed because of convenience of etch process caused by its only Cr-based structure consisted of Cr absorber layer and Cr half-tone layer. However, the top type of Cr-based MTM demands two Cr sputtering processes after each layer etching process and writing process. For this reason, a different material from the Cr-based MTM is required for reduction of mask fabrication time and cost. In this study, we evaluate a MTM which has a structure combined Cr with molybdenum silicide (MoSi) to resolve the issues mentioned above. The MoSi which is demonstrated by integrated circuit (IC) process is a suitable material for MTM evaluation. This structure could realize multi-transmittance in common with the Cr-based MTM. Moreover, it enables to reduce the number of sputtering process. We investigate a optimized structure upon consideration of productivity along with performance such as critical dimension (CD) variation and transmittance range of each structure. The transmittance is targeted at h-line wavelength (405 nm) in the evaluation. Compared with Cr-based MTM, the performances of all Cr-/MoSi-based MTMs are considered.
Neutron Spectroscopy for pulsed beams with frame overlap using a double time-of-flight technique

Abstract A new double time-of-flight (dTOF) neutron spectroscopy technique has been developed for pulsed broad spectrum sources with a duty cycle that results in frame overlap, where fast neutrons from a given pulse overtake slower neutrons from previous pulses. Using a tunable beam at the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, neutrons were produced via thick-target breakup of 16 MeV deuterons on a beryllium target in the cyclotron vault. The breakup spectral shape was deduced from a dTOF measurement using an array of EJ-309 organic liquid scintillators. Simulation of the neutron detection efficiency of the scintillator array was performed using both GEANT4 and MCNP6. The efficiency-corrected spectral shape was normalized using a foil activation technique to obtain the energy-dependent flux of the neutron beam at zero degrees with respect to the incoming deuteron beam. The dTOF neutron spectrum was compared to spectra obtained using HEPROW and GRAVEL pulse height spectrum unfolding techniques. While the unfolding and dTOF results exhibit some discrepancies in shape, the integrated flux values agree within two standard deviations. This method obviates neutron time-of-flight spectroscopy challenges posed by pulsed beams with frame overlap and opens new opportunities for pulsed white neutron source facilities.
Future Issues, Questions, and Concerns

In Chap. 10 of this book future directions for criminal lifestyle theory and research are discussed. Some of the future directions for research include the need for statistical models to complement the largely conceptual approach lifestyle theory takes with nonlinear dynamical systems theory, the need for continued integration and cross-fostering of theory and research methods, and the need for research from investigators outside the original author of lifestyle theory.
A Cluster Analysis for Mode Identification in Early Music Genres

This paper presents a corpus study that identifies the number of statistically distinct modes used in sacred and secular genres from 1400–1750. Corpora used for the study include Masses, motets, and secular songs from the Franco-Flemish School, works by Palestrina, secular Italian songs with alfabeto guitar tablature from the early seventeenth century, and works by J.S. Bach. A k-means cluster analyses of key profiles determine the number of distinguishable modes in each corpus. The results of this study show that the number of modes present in a corpus depend not only on date of publication but also on the genre of a composition.
Risk Perceptions of Future Hurricanes: Survey Evidence from the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States

AbstractThis study investigates the determinants that shape individual risk perceptions of future hurricanes and hurricane-related impacts in the northeastern and mid-Atlantic United States. Using ...
Tarnishing the Golden Stool

This book deals with the Asante federation in the nineteenth century, within the wider context of a general crisis of authority in African states in the later part of the century. African states were fighting against the external pressures of European imperial expansion while facing internal challenges to their structures of power. Asante was one of these states and this book examines why, because of a particular combination of internal and external challenges, Asante was unable to maintain its independence at the end of the nineteenth century. Asante historiography so far has been split into two dominant approaches: formalist and substantivist. This book combines both approaches, and explains how external factors led to internal repercussions, and vice versa. By combining both the formalist and the substantivist approach,it helps to close the gap between the historiographies of European imperialism and those rooted within African history.
Enhancing pediatric airway safety using the electronic medical record.

OBJECTIVE Difficult intubations are not uncommon in tertiary care children's hospitals, and effective documentation of the difficult airway is a fundamental element of safe airway management. The primary goal of our quality improvement initiative was to improve access to airway information via an alert and documentation system within the electronic medical record (EMR). METHODS We created a difficult airway alert within the EMR, linking common airway evaluation templates used by specialists involved in airway management. We assessed the time required for different specialists to answer an airway information questionnaire using the electronic charts of patients before and after the EMR modification. Satisfaction with the EMR modification was also surveyed. RESULTS Questionnaires were administered to 12 participants before the Epic (Epic Systems Corp., Verona, WI) changes were implemented and to 19 participants after they were implemented. Each participant was asked to answer the airway data questionnaire for two patients, for a total of 24 questionnaires before the EMR changes and 38 questionnaires after the changes. Respondents averaged 7.24 minutes to complete the entire airway data questionnaire before the EMR changes and 3.16 minutes following modification (P < 0.0001). Correct airway information was more consistently collected with the modified EMR (98.6% vs 51.4%, P < 0.00001). Satisfaction surveys revealed that participants found the accessibility of airway data to be significantly improved following the EMR changes. CONCLUSION An EMR airway alert that provides rapid access to relevant airway information critical tool during urgent and emergent events. Based on our preliminary data, further use of this instrument is expected to continue to improve patient safety and practitioner satisfaction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 128:2885-2892, 2018.
Dispersion in steady and time-oscillatory two-dimensional flows through a parallel-plate channel

A multiple-scale perturbation theory is developed to analyze the advection-diffusion transport of a passive solute through a parallel-plate channel. The fluid velocity comprises a steady and a time-oscillatory component, which may vary spatially in the transverse and streamwise directions, and temporally on the fast transverse diffusion timescale. A long-time asymptotic equation governing the evolution of the transverse averaged solute concentration is derived, complemented with Taylor dispersion coefficients and advection speed corrections that are functions of the streamwise coordinate. We demonstrate the theory with a two-dimensional flow in a channel comprising alternating shear-free and no-slip regions. For a steady flow, the dispersion coefficient changes from zero to a finite value when the flow transitions from plug-like in the shear-free section to parabolic in the no-slip region. For an oscillatory flow, the dispersion coefficient due to an oscillatory flow can be negative and two orders of magnitude larger than that due to a steady flow of the same amplitude. This motivates us to quantify the relative magnitude of the steady and oscillatory flow such that there is an overall positive dispersion coefficient necessary for an averaged (macrotransport) equation. We further substitute the transport coefficients into the averaged equation to compute the evolution of the concentration profile, which agrees well with that obtained by solving the full two-dimensional advection-diffusion equation. In a steady flow, we find that while the shear-free section suppresses band broadening, the following no-slip section may lead to a wider band compared with the dispersion driven by the same pressure gradient in an otherwise homogeneously no-slip channel. In an unsteady flow, we demonstrate that a naive implementation of the macrotransport theory with a (localized) negative dispersion coefficient will result in an aphysical finite time singularity (or “blow-up solution”), in contrast to the well-behaved solution of the full advection-diffusion equation.
Shipwrecks in Late First Millennium Southeast Asia: Southern China’s Maritime Trade and the Emerging Role of Arab Merchants in Indian Ocean Exchange

In the eighth and ninth centuries, a sustained maritime trade between the Persian Gulf region and China emerged as a major innovation in Indian Ocean long-distance exchange. The innovations in Chinese ceramic production stimulated by the demands of international markets and the responsiveness of the ceramic industries of the Gulf, especially at Basra, are major themes in this period. The impact of these two factors on ceramic style in West Asia was profound. This paper would first present archaeological evidence, including new finds, on the distribution of trade goods from the Persian Gulf to South Asia, Southeast Asia and China. It will then examine the circulation of Chinese objects in West Asia and their legacy, the latter principally through the evidence of the Belitung shipwreck cargo (ca. 826), excavated in 1998–99 in the Java Sea. Finally, it will examine aspects of technological and stylistic exchange between the Abbasid caliphate and late Tang China as reliable indicators of the process of historical dialogue in late first millennium Indian Ocean trade.
Treatment exposures stratify need for echocardiographic screening in asymptomatic long-term survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

We sought to define the prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities in long-term survivors of paediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and determine the utility of screening in asymptomatic patients. We analysed echocardiograms performed on survivors who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from 1982 to 2006. A total of 389 patients were alive in 2017, with 114 having an echocardiogram obtained ⩾5 years post-infusion. A total of 95 patients had echocardiogram performed for routine surveillance. The mean time post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 13 years. Of 95 patients, 77 (82.1%) had ejection fraction measured, and 10/77 (13.0%) had ejection fraction z-scores ⩽-2.0, which is abnormally low. Those patients with abnormal ejection fraction were significantly more likely to have been exposed to anthracyclines or total body irradiation. Among individuals who received neither anthracyclines nor total body irradiation, only 1/31 (3.2%) was found to have an abnormal ejection fraction of 51.4%, z-score -2.73. In the cohort of 77 patients, the negative predictive value of having a normal ejection fraction given no exposure to total body irradiation or anthracyclines was 96.7% at 95% confidence interval (83.3-99.8%). Systolic dysfunction is relatively common in long-term survivors of paediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation who have received anthracyclines or total body irradiation. Survivors who are asymptomatic and did not receive radiation or anthracyclines likely do not require surveillance echocardiograms, unless otherwise indicated.
Natural Sounds Alter California Ground Squirrel, Otospermophilus beecheyi , Foraging, Vigilance and Movement Behaviours

Many animals rely on the acoustic environment for functions spanning mate attraction, navigation and predator and prey detection. Growing evidence focused on human-altered acoustic environments suggests that anthropogenic noise can strongly interfere with the reception of biologically relevant sounds, causing a variety of behavioural changes in response to the evolutionarily novel acoustic conditions created by humans. However, little is known about how background natural sounds, such as river noise and biotic choruses, alter behaviour. Using field-placed playback of predominantly low-frequency whitewater river rapids, higher-frequency cicada choruses (∼7.0–15.0 kHz) or a silent control, we sought to determine whether background natural sounds influence vigilance and foraging behaviour in the California ground squirrel. We found that California ground squirrels exposed to low-frequency river sounds increased vigilance and decreased foraging and movement relative to ambient acoustic conditions during control trials and, to a lesser extent, acoustic conditions imposed by the cicada chorus playback. Additionally, vigilance increased with sound level regardless of whether the playback stimulus was the low-frequency river noise or the high-frequency cicada chorus. However, background sound level interacted with group size, such that increased sound levels were associated with a strong increase in vigilance in small groups but not in larger groups. To our knowledge these results are the first to demonstrate that the spectral content and amplitude of natural sounds can influence vigilance and movement behaviours. Yet our results match those from recent studies reporting increased vigilance in response to low-frequency anthropogenic noise, suggesting that many observed responses to anthropogenic sounds may be those that animals have used to cope with variable sound levels from natural sources throughout their evolutionary history. Determining how natural sounds influence other key behaviours is ripe for future studies and will likely prove useful for predicting behavioural adjustments in response to an increasingly noisy world.
Accelerated scale bridging with sparsely approximated Gaussian learning

Abstract Multiscale modeling is a systematic approach to describe the behavior of complex systems by coupling models from different scales. The approach has been demonstrated to be very effective in areas of science as diverse as materials science, climate modeling and chemistry. However, routine use of multiscale simulations is often hindered by the very high cost of individual at-scale models. Approaches aiming to alleviate that cost by means of Gaussian process regression based surrogate models have been proposed. Yet, many of these surrogate models are expensive to construct, especially when the number of data needed is large. In this article, we employ a hierarchical sparse Cholesky decomposition to develop a sparse Gaussian process regression method and apply the method to approximate the equation of state of a material in a multiscale model of dynamic deformation. We demonstrate that the method provides a substantial reduction both in computational cost and solution error as compared with previous methods.
Detection of spills related to natural gas production.

Acute spills related to natural gas production are rare but pose a threat to water resources. This work evaluated the use of an event detection system (EDS) to identify spills related to Marcellus Shale development. An EDS was applied to water quality data from natural channels impacted by three known and one simulated spill of various oil and gas byproducts (spill volumes: 7.9-23.8 m3 ). Events were detected in the week following the spills for two of the known spills, but false alarms reduced confidence in detection. Events detected for the third spill were attributed to sensor malfunction. The simulated spill was not detected. Results highlight the difficulty in identifying acute events and support the need for the development of monitoring strategies. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Event detection systems were utilized to identify spills related to natural gas production. Spills of production fluid, drilling mud, and flowback fluid were considered. Spills were not detected using the event detection system, supporting the need for the development of monitoring strategies.
Placebo Response in Fragile X-associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome.

Background Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by intention tremor, cerebellar ataxia, and executive dysfunction in carriers of a CGG repeat expansion premutation (55-200 repeats) in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Given reports of poor insight in FXTAS, we postulated that patients with FXTAS would be less likely to exhibit placebo response. Objective To analyze placebo response from the first randomized controlled trial in FXTAS that evaluated cognitive and motor outcomes after 1 year of treatment with memantine. Methods Data from the placebo arm of the first randomized controlled trial in FXTAS were analyzed. There were 2 coprimary outcomes. Based on studies in Parkinson's disease, placebo responders were defined as individuals with an improvement of at least 50% in the coprimary outcomes. Improvements of 20% and 30% served as secondary cutoff values based on the suggested magnitude of placebo response in other movement disorders. Results A total of 36 participants in the placebo group completed baseline and follow-up evaluations. The average age was 66 ± 7 years, and 60% were men. Average CGG repeat size was 86 ± 18. A total of 19 participants had stage 3 disease. Only 1 patient showed 50% improvement in both coprimary outcomes. At 30% and 20% improvement, there were 2 and 3 patients showing placebo response in the coprimary outcomes, respectively. Conclusions Patients with FXTAS exhibited low rates of placebo response in a randomized controlled trial. Further studies on the relationship between baseline insight and placebo responsivity are applicable to FXTAS and other disorders exhibiting cognitive impairment.
How Workplace Bullying and Incivility Impacts Patient Safety: A Qualitative Simulation Study Using BSN Students

Abstract Background Health care systems strive to provide safe and quality environments. Bullying and incivility are found internationally in health care environments and begins in academic education programs. This study evaluates the impact of a bullying simulation when students participated in different participant roles. Method A convenience sample of 169 nursing students participated in a simulation and completed a postevaluation survey. Qualitative inductive methods were used to analyze responses. Results Four major themes were revealed: nurse and patient/family experience, advocacy strategies, and impact on patient outcomes. Conclusions The students learned that patient safety and outcomes are affected when bullying occurs. Students found the simulation meaningful.
Adjectival sluices in Hungarian: An argument for isomorphic sources

Hungarian adjectival sluices show agreement characteristics of predicative adjectives, even though the correlate of the adjective is in attributive position. This has been taken as evidence for the existence of non-isomorphic (i.e. copular/cleft) sources for the ellipsis site. However, such an analysis could only capture the distribution of apparent case-mismatches by positing copular sources for a subset of Hungarian sluices—a conceptually unappealing state of affairs. Instead we provide a more parsimonious analysis, which predicts the data without needing to posit exceptional sources. In particular, we argue for the existence of two different configurations: (1) one involving isomorphic wh-sources followed by ellipsis, and (2) one that does not involve ellipsis at all, but is rather a case of pseudosluicing. Pseudosluicing is the combination of a null subject and a null copula—elements that are independently available in the language, and whose restricted distribution explains constraints we observe on the distribution of pseudosluicing. Thus, on our analysis, only isomorphic wh-questions are possible sources for Hungarian sluicing structures, consistent with the most restrictive theories of elliptical identity.
Techno-Economic Analysis of PV Inverter Controllers for Preventing Overvoltage in LV Grids

Voltage-rise due to increasing installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems is a major technical issue in low voltage (LV) distribution networks. A cost-effective approach to address the overvoltage problem is to control the active and reactive power of the existing PV inverters. This paper describes the use of quasi-steady-state time-series (QSTS) software (GridLAB-D) to implement inverter overvoltage prevention strategies, allowing previously infeasible long-term techno-economic analysis of such controllers. Four PV inverter controllers are implemented to evaluate the long-term technical and economic impact on a 12-house LV distribution network. Results quantify PV energy curtailment, distribution system losses, and the impact on electric utility sales and government taxes. Droop methods were shown to be effective to avoid overvoltage, and the use of reactive power reduced PV curtailment by 2–3 times over similar methods that only curtail active power. In addition, the difference between using local (no communication) and a comparable method with communication was shown to be insignificant to justify the additional investment. This work can aid utilities to decide the most effective control and pricing methods, and whether investments in overvoltage prevention infrastructure can be justified under high PV penetration scenarios.
Canted antiferromagnetism in the quasi-one-dimensional iron chalcogenide BaFe 2 Se 4

We report the synthesis and physical properties studies of quasi-one-dimensional (quais-1D) iron chalcogenide ${\mathrm{BaFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{4}$ which shares the ${\mathrm{FeSe}}_{4}$ tetrahedra building motif commonly seen in the iron chalcogenide superconductors. A high-quality polycrystalline sample was achieved by solid-state reaction method and characterized by x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and neutron diffraction measurements. ${\mathrm{BaFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{4}$ is a narrow gap semiconductor that magnetically orders at $\ensuremath{\sim}310$ K. Both neutron powder diffraction results and isothermal $M\ensuremath{-}H$ loops suggest a canted antiferromagnetic structure where Fe sublattices are antiferromagnetically ordered along the $c$-axis quasi-1D chain direction, resulting in a net ferromagnetic moment in the perpendicular direction along the $a$ axis with tilted angle of $18.{7}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ towards the $b$ axis.
Integrating meteorological factors for better understanding of the urban form-air quality relationship

Understanding the urban form-air quality relationship is essential to mitigate intra-urban air pollution and to improve urban ecology. However, few studies considered urban form and meteorological factors integratively and analyzed their synthetic effects on air pollution. We investigate how to model the integrated effects on the spatiotemporal distribution of PM2.5 in the Atlanta metropolitan area to improve the understanding of the urban form-air quality relationship. Two groups of models are developed: one uses urban form only and the other uses wind-direct urban form. Relative humidity, wind speed, and temperature are included as control variables. Both linear (Multiple Linear Regression) and nonlinear models (Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network) are constructed and tested with both tenfold cross-validation and field PM2.5 data obtained from a portable device, AirBeam2. Random Forest overall outperforms other models suggesting that the urban form-air quality relationship is most likely to be nonlinear. Additionally, the group using wind-direct urban form outperforms the other group and the contribution of the same urban form metrics differs in different wind sections proving that meteorological factors and urban form have synthetic effects on PM2.5. Finally, the patch density, dominance, and aggregation of roads and vegetation, demonstrate higher attribute significance than other urban form metrics. Urban planners, practitioners, and policymakers need to carefully consider not only the spatial configuration of roads and vegetation but also the local climate patterns to minimize intra-urban air pollution effectively.
Psychotherapy is still failing patients: revisiting informed consent-a response to Garson Leder.

Compared with mainstream medicine and complementary and alternative therapies, the practice of psychotherapy has enjoyed a relative pass when it comes to ethical evaluation. Therefore, contributions to the, although slowly growing, body of literature on psychotherapy ethics are to be welcomed. In his paper ‘Psychotherapy, placebos, and informed consent’, Garson Leder takes issue with what he calls the ‘go open’ project in psychotherapy ethics—the idea that the so-called ‘common factors’ in therapy should be disclosed to prospective patients. Although Leder does not give a detailed list, the common factors include therapist characteristics (empathy, positive regard, positive expectations that therapy will succeed), patient characteristics (expectations about therapy including its plausibility, confidence in the therapist), and the working alliance (how well both therapist and patient work well together during sessions). He argues that the project advocating disclosure of these factors is flawed on two grounds: (1) that information about common factors is not necessary for informed consent; and (2) clarity about specific mechanisms of change in therapy is consistent with ‘many theory-specific forms of psychotherapy’. There are multiple serious problems with Leder’s critique of the recent literature, including how he represents the contours of the debate, which I list, and address in this response.
A sex and gender medicine in emergency medicine course: a novel elective for trainees

Evidence-based sex and gender differences in Emergency Medicine (EM) affect every aspect of patient care. Unfortunately, these important differences are not yet routinely incorporated into traditio...
The 4th Paradigm in Multiscale Data Representation: Modernizing the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure

The need of citizens in any nation to access geospatial data in readily usable form is critical to societal well-being, and in the United States (US), demands for information by scientists, students, professionals and citizens continue to grow. Areas such as public health, urbanization, resource management, economic development and environmental management require a variety of data collected from many sources to identify problems, monitor trends and propose solutions. Such information needs and demands have driven the coordination of federal and regional government agencies with respective private sector participation to develop national geospatial data infrastructures in many countries.
Intermodal Terminal Design for Autonomous Freight Pipeline System

This paper investigates the design and operation of an intermodal terminal for Underground Freight Transportation (UFT) system. UFT is considered as a new mode of autonomous freight transportation that uses pipelines for transporting freight between two intermodal terminals. The load size and route length of the UFT system can be variable depending on the purpose and specifications of the project. In this paper two sizes of loads and two route lengths are considered to show that the terminal design and operation are independent from route length and load size. Each UFT route starts at the Port of Houston where shipping container or pallet size loads will be delivered to the UFT system. The short-haul route ends at a proposed intermodal satellite terminal outside Houston and the long-haul route terminates in a proposed intermodal inland port in Dallas. This paper develops inclusive equations to estimate the operational attributes of the UFT intermodal terminal. These attributes include operational headway, system flow, fleet size, and number of handlers/forklifts required in operation of the terminal. Based on the terminal operation requirements, a typical design for a UFT intermodal terminal is presented. In addition, the loading/unloading process and the freight circulation scheme are discussed. Although, this schematic terminal design and operation are for shipping container loads, but the same concept can be applied to smaller scale loads such as pallets.
A mathematical foundation for foundation paper pieceable quilts

Foundation paper piecing is a popular technique for constructing fabric patchwork quilts using printed paper patterns. But, the construction process imposes constraints on the geometry of the pattern and the order in which the fabric pieces are attached to the quilt. Manually designing foundation paper pieceable patterns that meet all of these constraints is challenging. In this work we mathematically formalize the foundation paper piecing process and use this formalization to develop an algorithm that can automatically check if an input pattern geometry is foundation paper pieceable. Our key insight is that we can represent the geometric pattern design using a certain type of dual hypergraph where nodes represent faces and hyperedges represent seams connecting two or more nodes. We show that determining whether the pattern is paper pieceable is equivalent to checking whether this hypergraph is acyclic, and if it is acyclic, we can apply a leaf-plucking algorithm to the hypergraph to generate viable sewing orders for the pattern geometry. We implement this algorithm in a design tool that allows quilt designers to focus on producing the geometric design of their pattern and let the tool handle the tedious task of determining whether the pattern is foundation paper pieceable.
The Effect of Return to Overuse Activity After a Supraspinatus Tear on Joint Function and Biceps Mechanical Properties in a Rat Model

Rotator cuff tendon tears are one of the most common shoulder injuries and are most prevalent in populations performing repetitive overhead activities [1]. In addition, long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon injuries occur secondary to cuff tears and may or may not lead to functional deficits [2]. Previous animal model studies have found that in the presence of a cuff tear, the biceps has decreased mechanical properties at 8 weeks [3]. Such studies, however, did not examine the effect of repetitive overhead activity on biceps properties and shoulder function in the presence of a cuff tear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of returning to overuse activity after a supraspinatus tendon tear on shoulder function and biceps structural and mechanical properties. We hypothesized that overuse activity following a supraspinatus tendon tear would not alter shoulder function, when compared to cage activity, but would decrease biceps structural and mechanical properties, particularly at the insertion site.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Charting the Labyrinth of Quantum Logics: A Progress Report

Quantum logic traces to the investigations of Birkhoff and von Neumann1* who suggested that the (closed) subspaces of a (separable) Hilbert space may be interpreted as representing the propositions pertaining to a physical system. Subsequent research has attempted to clarify this suggestion, and a large assortment of mathematical systems have been investigated under the general rubric of quantum logic (QL).
Toyota Production System

This chapter introduces the reader to lean manufacturing principles. The life and work of W. Edwards Deming, Taiichi Ohno, and creation of Toyota Production System are discussed in detail. There is a detailed discussion of the salient principles of Pull vs. Push, avoiding waste, root cause analysis, the 5 why’s principle, go and see for yourself (Genchi Genbutsu), Jidoka, and introduction to the principles of Kaizen. Case examples and application of these principles are presented.
The Use of Second Life® to Teach Physical Security across Different Teaching Modes

Teaching physical security can be difficult since classes generally do not have access to physical structures to assess. The purpose of this study was to investigate a new way of teaching physical security using Second Life® and to see if there is a difference in performance related to mode of instruction. The research question sought to determine whether there was a significant difference in student performance based on differences in modes of instruction for students evaluating physical security in virtual world environments. Three groups of participants situated in three geographic locations in the United States and belonging to three different modes of instruction – traditional, online, and hybrid were taught using Second Life®. The results were inconclusive in determining the best mode of instruction. However, the research suggested that Second Life® can be used as a teaching platform to teach physical security.
Corruption's Challenge to Democracy: A Review of the Issues

This article examines the challenge that corruption poses to democracy. Democracy is attractive because it offers people a state that is accountable to the public. This is a guarantee founded on the notion that sovereign power belongs to the citizenry. A corollary to this idea is that government officials are the public's agents. Thus, when civil servants use their position of authority to serve their personal interests, they weaken the democratic regime's legitimacy and place the entire social contract at risk. Given the risks associated with corruption, the battle to curb this undesirable behavior through the use of multiple mechanisms of accountability is necessary. Related Articles in this Politics & Policy Special Issue: Luckhurst and Zavala de Alba. 2012. “Introduction to the Special Issue: Governance, Democratization, and the World Economic Crisis.” Politics & Policy 40 (5): 735-739. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00388.x/abstract Palonen. 2012. “Transition to Crisis in Hungary: Whistle-Blowing on the Naked Emperor.” Politics & Policy 40 (5): 930-957. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00389.x/abstract Lenz. 2012. “Negotiating among Equals? The Effects of the World Economic Crisis on Negotiations between Developed and Developing States.” Politics & Policy 40 (5): 827-847. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00383.x/abstract Related Media: Film Clip: Video Kouri. 2010. “Montesinos: La verdadera historia [Montesinos: The True Story].” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b4ucGVHdP6w&feature=youtu.be Este articulo estudia la tension que existe entre dos fenomenos politicos: la democracia y la corrupcion. La democracia es un sistema de gobierno atractivo porque ofrece un estado que tiene como objetivo favorecer el interes publico. Esta es una garantia basada en el principio de que el poder soberano le pertenece a la ciudadania. Por lo mismo, cuando un funcionario actua de manera corrupta abusando de su autoridad para servir sus intereses particulares deslegitima la autoridad y pone en riesgo al contrato social. Para evitar que la corrupcion debilite al regimen democratico es necesario que los gobiernos combatan este mal a traves de diversos mecanismos que promueven la rendicion de cuentas.
A METHOD FOR ARTICULATING GRASSROOTS COMMUNITY ORGANIZING OUTCOMES

Concept mapping (Trochim, 1989) was used to visually articulate the full range of organizing outcomes from a grassroots community organization (GCO) in a western United States city. Outcomes belong to five general categories: (a) victories, (b) personal development, (c) public leadership skills, (d) organizational relationships with power people, and (e) building an organizational culture of civic engagement. Results from the concept map have been triangulated with other GCO data sources to determine whether the concept map presents a credible representation of the range of outcomes which can be expected from community organizing. Advantages of concept mapping as a method for community-based research are discussed. Names of places and organizations have been changed to protect the privacy of participants.
Auto Exhaust Catalysis

A brief history and current review of the use of monolithic catalysts used to abate carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and oxides of nitrogen emissions from gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines using-three way catalytic converters is presented. Abatement of gaseous and particulate matter (soot) from diesel-fueled internal combustion engines using diesel oxidation catalysts, catalysts for the selective reduction of NOx, and soot removal using wall flow filters is presented. Keywords: Gasoline engines; diesel engines; pollution abatement; three-way catalytic converters ; precious metal catalysts; monolithic substrates
Tl-Based Cu-O High Temperature Superconductors

We have discovered reproducible and stable bulk superconductivity in the Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-0 system with zero resistance above 120 K. Magnetic and electronic transport properties including thermoelectric power and critical current of the new superconductors are presented. The Tl-Ca-Ba-Cu-O system can form a number of superconducting compounds, including TlmCan-iBa2CunOi.5m+2n+i with m = 1 and 2, and n = 1, 2, 3, and 4. The Tc increases with m and n. The 2223 (Tl:Ca:Ba:Cu) phase has the highest Tc (125 K) to date. We present Josephson junction studies on the 2223 phase showing the existence of electron pair supercurrents and demonstrating weak link behavior at 77 K. We discuss an unusual levitation phenomenon in which the 2223 phase can be suspended, above, below, or to the side of a ring shaped magnet. We also discuss a new Tl-based superconducting system, in which Sr replaces the Ba, the Tl-Ca-Sr-Cu-O system.
Chiral Anomalies? A Voice for Choice

We consider theories with gauged chiral fermions in which there are abelian anomalies, and no nonabelian anomalies (but there may be nonabelian gauge fields present). We construct an associated theory that is gauge invariant, renormalizable, and with the same particle content, by adding a finite number of terms to the action. Alternatively one can view the new theory as arising from the original theory by using another regularization, one that is gauge invariant. The situation is reminiscent of the mechanism of adding Fadeev-Popov ghosts to an unsatisfactory gauge theory, to arrive at the usual quantization procedure. The models developed herein are much like the abelian Wess-Zumino model (an abelian effective theory with a Wess-Zumino counter term), but unlike the W-Z model are renormalizable!
An ICA-based RFS approach for DOA tracking of unknown time-varying numberof sources

Methods based on frequency-domain independent component analysis (ICA) in junction with state coherence transform (SCT) have been shown to be robust for extracting source location information like direction of Arrival (DOA) in highly reverberant environments and in the presence of spatial aliasing. Also, by exploiting the frequency sparsity of the sources, such methods have proven to be effective when the number of simultaneous sources is larger than the number of microphones. In many real world problems the number of concurrent speakers is unknown and varies with time as new speakers can appear and existing speakers can disappear or undergo silence periods. In order to deal with this challenging scenario of unknown time-varying number of speakers, we propose the use of the probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter which is based on random finite sets (RFS), where the multi-target states and the number of targets are integrated to form a set-valued variable. The tracking capabilities of the proposed method is demonstrated using simulations of multiple sources in reverberant environments.
Hacerse héroe en la batalla democrática por el poder

En este articulo, el autor analiza los complejos mecanismosde los sistemas electorales democraticos engeneral, basados mas en el significado de las interpretacionesdiscursivas, en las narrativas creadas parael momento (catastrofistas, triunfalistas o salvificasque aseguren que se puede conectar el presente con elfuturo), en la construccion de nuevas temporalidadesy, sobre todo, en la creacion de la figura de “heroes”(y su respectiva devocion por parte de seguidoresincondicionales) que en realidades concretas. Estahipotesis es aplicada luego al caso de Barack Obama,quien es caracterizado como un heroe que alientala esperanza y ofrece la salvacion. Comprender esteperfil, es requisito para todo aquel que desee entenderel por que su meteorico ascenso al poder.
PAX7+ satellite cells in young and older adults following resistance exercise.

Introduction: Resistance exercise (RE) stimulates a muscle protein anabolic response partially through enhanced satellite cell (SC) activity, however, age- and gender-related changes in SC content over a 24-h time course are not known. Methods: Ten young (27 ± 2 years) men and women and 11 older (70 ± 2 years) men and women performed an acute bout of RE. Myofiber and SC characteristics were determined from muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis using immunohistochemistry. Immunoblotting was used to determine phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase-2 and protein expression of p27Kip1 and cyclin D1. Results: Pax7+ SC were significantly increased in young men 24 h following RE. Percent SC were significantly increased in older women at 6 and 24 h following RE. Aging decreased myonuclear domain and increased protein expression of p27Kip1. Conclusions: An acute bout of RE increases SC content in young men at 24 h and older women at 6 and 24 h. Muscle Nerve 46: 51–59, 2012
Psychological kinship fulfillment and dating attraction

Males and females ( N = 185) were assigned to High and Low psychological kinship groups using the Nava and Bailey (1991) Kinship Scale. The KS measures an individual’s desire to have “as-if” family type need fulfillment in nonbiologic relationships, such as dating. S s were asked to mentally visualize a present or past dating partner and to express love and liking for the partner as well as provide physical attractiveness ratings for self and partner. Results indicated that Hi Kinship S s clearly loved and liked their dating partners more than Lo Kinship S s, and within-person congruency of physical attractiveness ratings characterized Lo-Males and Hi-Females. It appears that kinship need fulfillment can impact cognitive functioning as well as affective responses (i.e., love-liking feelings).
A computerized aid for international crisis management

Among the problems facing decision makers are those of receiving reliable warnings of nascent crises and of having relevant information which can be brought to bear on unforseen decision problems. This paper describes how computer technology is being used to address both of these problems in a real-time environment. Specifically, computers are being used to manage and analyze the relations among nations in order to forewarn decision makers withad hoc information retrieval and data analysis capabilities. Using computers in this fashion in the foreign policy arena is a recent innovation which may have application in other arenas where decision makers must continually anticipate and adapt to unfolding world situations.
379 PLASMA FIBRONECTIN IN PREMATURE NEONATES DURING EPISODE OF INFECTION AND CORRELATION WITH IMMUNOGLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION

379 PLASMA FIBRONECTIN IN PREMATURE NEONATES DURING EPISODE OF INFECTION AND CORRELATION WITH IMMUNOGLOBULIN ADMINISTRATION
Mutations in PURA Cause Profound Neonatal Hypotonia, Seizures, and Encephalopathy in 5q31.3 Microdeletion Syndrome

5q31.3 microdeletion syndrome is characterized by neonatal hypotonia, encephalopathy with or without epilepsy, and severe developmental delay, and the minimal critical deletion interval harbors three genes. We describe 11 individuals with clinical features of 5q31.3 microdeletion syndrome and de novo mutations in PURA, encoding transcriptional activator protein Pur-α, within the critical region. These data implicate causative PURA mutations responsible for the severe neurological phenotypes observed in this syndrome.