cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Substance use during pregnancy: impact on Colorado community hospital

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) leads to increased length of stay (LOS), which leads to increased healthcare costs, and can cause financial burdens for hospitals. The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of substance use by pregnant women on a Colorado (CO) community hospital after state legalization of recreational cannabis. Data were gathered retrospectively through the electronic health record at an inpatient facility and described 607 mothers and 419 newborns (total N = 1026) who tested positive for drugs (urinalysis or blood for mother and urine, meconium, or cord blood for newborns). Screening for drugs was at discretion of healthcare provider if mother reported use or newborn showed symptoms of NAS. The patients who were not screened or tested negative were excluded from consideration. Newborns exposed to cannabis were compared to those exposed to other drugs (opioids, methadone, cocaine, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, amphetamines) on costs of newborn hospitalization, based on type of newborn bed and length of stay (LOS). Group comparisons were done using Cochran-Armitage chi-square tests and two-sample t-tests. The proportion of screened patients testing positive for illicit and prescribed substances increased significantly from 2013 (33.4%) to 2017 (50.2%) (p < 0.001). The LOS of drug-exposed newborns increased significantly over the years (p < 0.0001). Newborns testing positive for cannabis were more likely to remain in a normal newborn nursery (NSY) bed (69.8%) than those testing positive for other drugs (27.7%), with an average hospital LOS (4.6 days) significantly shorter (p < 0.001) than that of other-drug exposed newborns (14.2 days). Combined healthcare costs for other-drug exposed newborns ($23,495,221) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than for cannabis-exposed newborns ($2,885,139); both groups had significantly higher costs (p < 0.001) than normal healthy newborns ($2,166,649). Drug-exposed newborns have a significant financial impact on hospital healthcare costs, largely due to more expensive bed placement and longer LOS.
Twenty-Year Follow-Up of Women's Health Initiative Trials: Lower Breast Cancer Mortality with Estrogen Alone, No Difference with Estrogen Plus Progesterone.

The cumulative 20-year follow-up report from the Women's Health Initiative hormone therapy trials found significantly lower breast cancer incidence and mortality among postmenopausal women who previously took conjugated equine estrogen (CEE; Premarin) alone (with a prior hysterectomy) than in women who took a placebo.
Management of Pediatric Upper System Problems: Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy

The conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CJDCR) procedure, as originally described by Jones, involves the use of a Pyrex tube to create a fistula from the conjunctiva to the nasal mucosa. For adults, this procedure is considered the standard method of treatment for epiphora due to significant obstruction of the canaliculi or internal common punctum. In contrast, most oculoplastic surgeons have not advocated CJDCRs for pediatric patients with similar problems, because this procedure is associated with a fairly high frequency of complications. Although bypass tubes require considerable maintenance and frequent revisions, because no useful alternative procedure exists, the CJDCR remains the only reliable method of controlling epiphora due to extensive canalicular obstruction in young patients.
Primary cup stability in THA with augmentation of acetabular defect. A comparison of healthy and osteoporotic bone.

Abstract Background context Reconstruction of acetabular defect has been advocated as standard procedure in total hip arthroplasty. The presence of bony defects at the acetabulum is viewed as a cause of instability and acetabular wall augmentation is often used without proper consideration of surrounding bone density. The initial cup-bone stability is, however, a challenge and a number of studies supported by clinical follow-ups of patients suggested that if the structural graft needs supporting more than 50% of the acetabular component, a reconstruction cage device spanning ilium to ischium should be preferred to protect the graft and provide structural stability. This study aims to (1) investigate the relationship between cup motion and bone density and (2) quantify the re-distribution of stress at the defect site after augmentation. Hyphotesis Paprosky type I or II, acetabular defects, when reconstructed with bone screws supported by bioabsorbable calcified triglyceride bone cement are significantly less effective for osteoporotic bone than healthy bone. Materials and methods Acetabular wall defects were reconstructed on six cadaveric subjects with bioabsorbable calcified triglyceride bone cement using a re-bar technique. Data of the specimen with higher bone density was used to validate a Finite Element Model. Values of bone apparent density ranging from healthy to osteoporotic were simulated to evaluate (1) the cup motion, through both displacement and rotation, (2) and the von Mises stress distribution. Results Defect reconstruction with bone screws and bioabsorbable calcified triglyceride bone cement results in a re-distribution of stress at the defect site. For a reduction of 65% in bone density, the cup displacement was similar to a healthy bone for loads not exceeding 300 N, as load progressed up to 1500 N, the reconstructed defect showed increase of 99 μm (128%) in displacement and of 0.08° in rotation angle. Conclusions Based on the results, we suggest that an alternative solution to wall defect augmentation with bone screws supported by bioabsorbable calcified triglyceride bone cement, be used for osteoporotic bone. Level of evidence Level IV, experimental and cadaveric study.
Fasting on Yom Kippur

All the Jewish boys were absolved like trees that drop their foliage all at once. We'd play at prayer and fasting, at emptying and the chest-thumping of grown men till sundown. A few remaining leaves scratch and their dry cough recalls the drone of men in prayershawls, the tinkle of glasses later, a table heaped with herring and sardines. My heart catches. Netted, it bangs louder. We stiffen, our yearly rings unbreathable armor without forgetfulness. Without memory we repeat our fathers, slip and vanish around the trunks of pear trees. I fast today. I walk out past the unpruned orchard, nostalgia's branches clacking.
Education Rights and the New Due Process

Government has a duty to act, if for no other purpose than to protect human dignity. This Article continues a “fundamental rights as duties” project begun in The Fifth Freedom: The Constitutional Duty to Provide Public Education by demonstrating that education is essential to both the liberty and democracy components to human dignity. It argues that without an educated citizenry, liberty and democracy are empty concepts, devoid of meaning for all but the economically privileged and socially advantaged. The Article describes how the U.S. Supreme Court’s anti-equality bias as well as its libertarian bias against positive rights, previously described in The Fifth Freedom, can be overcome by applying a new, dignity-based due process clause analysis, similar to that suggested in Kenji Yoshino’s recent article, The New Equal Protection. The new due process would be based in a human dignity jurisprudence that applies the insights from the capabilities approach pioneered by developmental economist, Amartya Sen, and legal scholar, Martha Nussbaum. The Article also draws insightful parallels between the right to education and the right to privacy, demonstrating that like the right to privacy, education is also essential to liberty. The Article argues that the right to public education, based on a new dignity-based, due process clause protection, is even stronger than the right to privacy. This is because unlike the right to privacy, education is essential to both the liberty and the democracy components of human dignity.
Radio interferometric angle of arrival estimation

Several localization algorithms exist for wireless sensor networks that use angle of arrival measurements to estimate node position. However, there are limited options for actually obtaining the angle of arrival using resource-constrained devices. In this paper, we describe a radio interferometric technique for determining bearings from an anchor node to any number of target nodes at unknown positions. The underlying idea is to group three of the four nodes that participate in a typical radio interferometric measurement together to form an antenna array. Two of the nodes transmit pure sinusoids at close frequencies that interfere to generate a low-frequency beat signal. The phase difference of the measured signal between the third array node and the target node constrains the position of the latter to a hyperbola. The bearing of the node can be estimated by the asymptote of the hyperbola. The bearing estimation is carried out by the node itself, hence the method is distributed, scalable and fast. Furthermore, this technique does not require modification of the mote hardware because it relies only on the radio. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can estimate node bearings with an accuracy of approximately 3° in 0.5 sec.
Tumor‐positive resection margins reflect an aggressive tumor biology in pancreatic cancer

Background Resection margin status has been shown to impact outcomes for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC), yet it remains unknown whether margin status is a reflection of tumor biology or surgical technique. Methods Two hundred eighty-three consecutive patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were identified in a prospectively maintained database. Only patients with R0 (n = 207) or R1 (n = 76) tumors were included. Each operative surgeon's first 50 cases were excluded to control for technical inexperience. Univariable and multivariable analyses of clinicopathologic and intra-operative factors were performed. Results The median follow-up for the cohort was 30.3 months with a median overall survival (OS) of 19.0 months. The R1 group had a higher rate of lymph node ratio >0.2 (41% vs. 25%; P = 0.013), and more microvascular invasion (64% vs. 44%; P = 0.007). R0 resections had both improved overall survival (22.7 months vs. 15.0 months, P = 0.004) and disease free survival (13.5 months vs. 10.7 months, P = 0.026). Factors independently associated with overall survival were microvascular invasion (HR 2.26; P = 0.001), pre-existing pulmonary disease (HR 2.18, P = 0.043), and cardiac disease (HR 1.78, P = 0.033). Conclusion Factors associated with an R1 resection reflect a biologically more aggressive tumor, with a higher likelihood of microvascular invasion and increased positive lymph node ratio. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:602–607. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Japanese preprocessor for syntactic and semantic parsing

The authors describe a Japanese preprocessor which includes a morphological analyzer called MAJESTY, and a proper noun identification program. The original morphological analyzer was modified to disambiguate its output when multiple possibilities for segmentations and parts of speech are found. Ambiguous segments are packed locally in the output enabling a syntactic and semantic parser to perform efficiently. Then the proper noun identification program groups several segments constructing a proper noun to present a meaningful set of segments to the parser. Tested on financial news articles, the preprocessor successfully segmented text and tagged parts of speech with greater than 98% accuracy. Over 80% of company names and 90% of personal and place names have been identified. >
Personalized treatment options for ALK-positive metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: potential role for Ceritinib.

The fusion of echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) is found in 3%-7% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases and confers sensitivity to crizotinib, the first United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved ALK inhibitor drug. Although crizotinib has an excellent initial therapeutic effect, acquired resistance to this drug invariably develops within the first year of treatment. Resistance may involve secondary gatekeeper mutations within the ALK gene interfering with crizotinib-ALK interactions, or compensatory activation of aberrant bypass signaling pathways. New therapeutic strategies to overcome crizotinib resistance are needed. Ceritinib, a second-generation ALK inhibitor, overcomes several crizotinib-resistant ALK mutations and has demonstrated efficacy against tumor growth in several in vitro and in vivo preclinical models of crizotinib resistance. Notably, the dose-escalation Phase I ASCEND-1 trial has shown a marked activity of ceritinib in both crizotinib-naive and crizotinib-resistant ALK-rearranged lung cancer. The overall response rate was 58% in a subgroup of patients with ALK-rearranged late-stage NSCLC. Drug discontinuation rate due to toxicity was 10%. The standard dose was established at 750 mg daily. This paper outlines the pathogenesis and treatment of ALK-positive lung cancer, focuses on the preclinical and clinical results surrounding the accelerated FDA approval of ceritinib for the treatment of ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC patients who have progressed on/or are crizotinib intolerant, and discusses the potential efforts seeking to maximize ceritinib efficacy and expand its usage to other indications in cancer therapy.
Hydrodynamic event-plane correlations in Pb+Pb collisions at s = 2.76 A TeV

Abstract The recently measured correlations between the flow angles associated with higher harmonics in the anisotropic flow generated in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are shown to be of hydrodynamic origin. The correlation strength is found to be sensitive to both the initial conditions and the shear viscosity of the expanding fireball medium.
TNM staging compared with a new clinicopathological model in predicting oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma survival.

Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of comorbidity and of demographic and pathological factors on oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) survival, and to compare the prognostic performance of a new clinicopathological model against the routinely used TNM staging. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of demographic, clinical, and pathological information of 166 patients with oral tongue SCC. Cox regression was used for multivariate analysis, model building, and model discriminatory analysis. Results Comorbidity had the most significant impact on overall survival (OS; log-rank test, chi-square = 36.34; p 2 cm, and presence of extracapsular spread (ECS) or vascular invasion were independent predictors of survival. A clinicopathological model based on these 4 variables (chi-square = 60.23; p < .0001) was better (c-statistic = 0.736) at predicting survival compared to pathological TNM staging (c-statistic = 0.645). Conclusion Comorbidity combined with tumor dimension, ECS, and vascular invasion provide a better prediction of oral tongue SCC survival than TNM staging alone. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 1481–1489, 2014
The CFSP Factor: A Comparison of United States and French Strategies

The European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy is widely seen as a casualty of the fractious dispute over Iraq. Deep cleavages among Union governments together with the Bush administration's newfound strategy to divide and neutralize the EU as a potential rival power bloc raise the bar for achieving a significant measure of concert. Yet, announcement of CFSP's demise is premature. There are significant issues where a consensus exists on Europe's stake and the course to follow, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict most prominent among them. Judging whether that will translate into sustained collective action requires a searching review of the reasons for the current impasse and the longer-term implications of the recent crisis. This analysis concentrates on the United States and France: the former as the dominant player in the drama and the latter as its principal antagonist for whom the EU presents opportunity as a potential force magnifier while carrying the constraints of institutionalized multilat...
Cytokinins in Corynebacterium fascians Cultures Isolation and Identification of 6-(4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-cis-2-butenylamino)-2-methylthiopurine

In addition to the four cytokinins, 6-(3-methyl-2-butenylamino)purine, 6-methylaminopurine and the cis and trans isomers of 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenylamino)purine, reported earlier from our laboratories, three cytokinin-active fractions have been obtained from the aqueous medium of 6-day-old Corynebacterium fascians cultures. One of these has been identified as 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-cis-2-butenylamino)-2-methylthiopurine (2-methylthio-cis-zeatin, c-ms(2)io(6) Ade).The elution volumes of the other two fractions correspond to those of authentic 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenylamino)-9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-purine and 6-(3-methyl-2-butenylamino)-9-beta-d-ribofuranosylpurine, indicating the presence of trace amounts of these two ribonucleosides.
Anger problems across the anxiety disorders: findings from a population-based study.

Background: Previous research examining anger problems among the anxiety disorders has been limited by the use of nonrepresentative samples, univariate analyses, as well as low sample size. The current study examined the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder, specific phobia (SP), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and anger experience and expression. We hypothesized that greater anger experience and expression would be associated with all anxiety disorders, but that it would be most consistently associated with PTSD and PD diagnoses, and that these relationships would remain significant after controlling for demographics (i.e. age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, and income) and comorbid disorders. Methods: Participants included 5,692 (54% female) adults from the National Comorbidity Survey—Replication, a large, nationally representative survey. Results: Our data suggest that there are unique relationships between multiple anxiety disorders and various indices of anger experience and expression that are not better accounted for by psychiatric comorbidity. Contrary to predictions, PTSD and PD were not consistently associated with anger experience and expression. Conclusions: Overall, these findings lend support to the emerging literature demonstrating a potentially important relationship between anxiety disorders and anger problems. Depression and Anxiety, 2011.© 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
INTRACELLULAR STUDIES OF CORTICAL NEURONS DURING THALAMIC INDUCED WAVE AND SPIKE.

Abstract 1. 1. Intracellular recordings have been taken from 38 neurons in pre-cruciate cortex of 24 cats under light pentobarbital anesthesia during and preceding the full development of the “wave and spike” response and also during very deep barbiturate anesthesia. 2. 2. Depolarizing potentials, in most cases identifiable as excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs), lasting 25–40 msec (occasionally up to 80 msec) and beginning usually within 0–6 msec of the onset of the surface negative recruiting response were recorded in 25 cells. 3. 3. Polarizing potentials, in most cases identifiable as inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (IPSPs), generally lasting 120–180 msec (occasionally up to 280 msec) and beginning in most cases 10–30 msec (but sometimes within 3 msec) after the onset of the recruiting response, were recorded in 33 out of 34 cells studied under light anesthesia. IPSPs were more prominent and regularly present when the surface record showed the “wave and spike” response, and the IPSPs were well correlated with the long duration surface negative wave which seems almost exclusively the consequence of post-synaptic inhibitory activity. 4. 4. In 4 cells studied under deep barbiturate anesthesia, EPSPs were still obtained during the recruiting response, but inhibitory potentials were markedly reduced or abolished. 5. 5. It is suggested that the inhibitory potentials are most likely secondarily generated via an as yet undefined cortical interneuronal pool receiving input from the same non-specific fibers which more directly initiate recruiting responses and EPSPs. Other aspects of thalamo-cortical regulating mechanisms are discussed.
Target Rotation and Normative Policy Analysis in Urban Ecology

Factor analytic methodology in geography and planning has been limited to system description. The conventional approach of searching for an underlying vector basis is germane for exploratory type research, but it is not directly applicable for normative purposes. Target rotation provides an analytical matrix-comparison methodology particularly useful in extending the utility of urban system findings from descriptive ecological studies to normative ones. An empirical example of this approach is provided, based upon 1970 census data of the Detroit SMSA. An empirical factor-loading matrix is presented, a target matrix of desirable performance standards is hypothesized, and the observed loadings are rotated upon the target loadings. Observed system performance is then directly compared with desired performance, indicating the direction and magnitude of convergence/divergence. Finally, policy implications of these empirical findings are suggested.
Phosphorylation of non-histone proteins associated with mitosis in HeLa cells

Our previous studies indicated that certain non-histone proteins (NHP) extractable with 0.2 M NaCl from mitotic HeLa cells induce germinal vesicle breakdown and chromosome condensation in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Since the maturation-promoting activity of the mitotic proteins is stabilized by phosphatase inhibitors, we decided to examine whether phosphorylation of NHP plays a role in the condensation of chromosomes during mitosis. HeLa cells, synchronized in S phase, were labeled with 32P at the end of S phase, and the cells subsequently collected while they were in G2, mitosis, or G1. Cytoplasmic, nuclear, or chromosomal proteins were extracted and separated by gel electrophoresis. The labeled protein bands were detected by radioautography. The results indicated an 8-10-fold increase in the phosphorylation of NHP from mid-G2 to mitosis, followed by a similar-size decrease as the cells divided and entered G1. The NHP phosphorylation rate increased progressively during G2 traverse and reached a peak in mitosis. Radioautography of the separated NHP revealed eight prominent, extensively phosphorylated protein bands with molecular masses ranging from 27.5 to 100 kD. These NHP were rapidly dephosphorylated during M-G1 transition. Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of NHP appeared to be a dynamic process, with the equilibrium shifting to phosphorylation during G2-M and dephosphorylation during M-G1 transitions. These results suggest that besides histone H1 phosphorylation, phosphorylation of this subset of NHP may also play a part in mitosis.
An application of a segmentation design based on a hybrid of canonical correlation and simple crosstabulation

This research illustrates a practical application of a segmentation scheme based on a combination of canonical correlation and crosstabulation. A sample of readers of a popular genre of novels is segmented on the basis of psychographic, demographic, and activity measures. Four distinct consumer segments are postulated-movers and shakers, isolated readers, young swingers, and laggards. The characteristics that differentiate each of these segments are also presented.
Fractal aspects of speech signals: dimension and interpolation

The nonlinear dynamics of air flow during speech production may often result in some small or large degree of turbulence. The author quantifies the geometry of speech turbulence, as reflected in the fragmentation of the time signal, by using fractal models. He describes an efficient algorithm for estimating the short-time fractal dimension of speech segmentation and sound classification. He also develops a method for fractal speech interpolation which can be used to synthesize controlled amounts of turbulence in speech or to increase its sampling rate by preserving not its bandwidth (as is classically done) but rather its fractal dimension. >
An Exploratory Investigation Into the Nature of the Part-Time MBA Student

The California Psychological Inventory (CPI) was administered to 123 non-minority male graduate students enrolled in a part-time MBA program, in order to assess patterns of sample-group personality scale similarity or dissimilarity with selected criterion groups. Personality comparisons were felt to offer implications of programmatic and vocational significance. Criterion groups selected were the CPI norm sample, two student samples, and two business samples. The MBA student sample displayed attributes broadly evocative of managerial success when compared with the large norm sample. Yet broad patterns of significant differences emerged when the MBA profile was compared with the profiles of the criterion groups. MBA student deficiencies include the attributes of responsibility, capacity for status, self-control, achievement via conformance, and intellectual efficiency. MBA student strengths include the attributes of dominance, self-acceptance, and psychological-mindedness. Questions are raised about the im...
Effects of Teacher Greetings on Student On-Task Behavior.

A multiple baseline design across participants was used to determine how teacher greetings affected on-task behavior of 3 middle school students with problem behaviors. Momentary time sampling was used to measure on-task behavior during the first 10 min of class. Teacher greetings produced increases in students' on-task behavior from a mean of 45% in baseline to a mean of 72% during the intervention phase. Teacher greetings represent an antecedent manipulation that can easily be implemented in classrooms to improve students' on-task behavior.
Remembering Nargis, retelling Mother India: Criticism, melodrama, and national mythmaking

Drawing upon the works by three film critics – Rosie Thomas, Vijay Mishra, and Parama Roy – this essay examines the ways in which they take up the on-screen and off-screen life of Indian film actress, Nargis. I argue that the collapsing of Nargis's private life into her public, star persona unwittingly reinscribes the myth of Mother India, and that scholars, by employing the language of melodrama in their criticism, doubly reinforce this myth.
Survival and Fertility of Antibiotic-Treated Bovine Spermatozoa

Abstract Motility of spermatozoa stored at 5C with up to 1000 units or μ g of chloramphenicol, polymyxin, kanamycin, tylosin, ampicillin, lincomycin, spectinomycin, erythromycin, novabiocin, or terramycin per ml of extender was compared to that with penicillin plus dihydrostreptomycin. Novabiocin and terramycin were toxic, but other antibiotic treatments had no effect. However, erythromycin and tylosin, as well as colymycin, depressed motility of frozen thawed spermatozoa. Spermatozoal motility was equivalent, following freezing in ampules or straws. All of the antibiotics which were nontoxic when added singly to frozen semen were also not harmful to frozen spermatozoa when as much as 2000 units or μ g were added per ml of extender containing penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin. The addition of 1000 units or μ g of ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, lincomycin, polymyxin, or spectinomycin per ml of extender containing 750 units penicillin and 750 μ g dihydrostreptomycin per ml did not influence the fertility of frozen spermatozoa in a field test involving 19,663 first inseminations.
Calhoun’s Critical Sociology of Cosmopolitanism, Solidarity and Public Space:

Calhoun’s critical sociology relies not only on engagements with Habermas, Bourdieu and Taylor, but also on the middle range empirical traditions of American sociology. Through a review of his recent work on cosmopolitanism and globalization, community and solidarity, and public spaces and sociology, I propose that his search to explain different ways in which solidarity is developed offers a robust sociological foundation for the development of the most appropriate intellectual formation, and institutional sequel, to the emancipatory project that undergirds critical theory’s hope and commitment. At the same time, we all need to rethink how both critical theory and more empirical sociologies can help us recognize the issues and agencies most vital for the address of contemporary cultural, social and biophysical needs.
Semiempirical thermonuclear reaction-rate data for intermediate-mass nuclei☆

Given here are analytic formulas and fitting parameters which adequately represent the results of statistical thermonuclear reaction-rate calculations for over 300 target nuclei having atomic numbers in the range 8< or =Z< or =36 (oxygen through krypton) for temperatures in the range 5 x 10/sup 7/< or =T< or =10/sup 10/ K. These parametrized formulas will be useful to those involved in calculations of energy generation and nucleosynthesis in thermal environments as in stars and supernovae. All exoergic binary reactions involving an intermediate-mass nucleus reacting with n, p, ..cap alpha.., or ..gamma.. in an entrance or exit channel are considered. Ratios for determining the reverse reaction rate are given. These reaction rates have been calculated using global Hauser-Feshbach theory under the assumption that the incident particles have achieved an equilibrium distribution of center-of-mass energies and that all the excited states of each target nucleus are in equilibrium with the ground states of those nuclei. Experimentally determined excited states have been employed in the calculations where available. Otherwise a theoretical nuclear level-density expression was used. Parametrized nuclear partition functions are given for 0< or =T< or =10/sup 10/ K as well as nuclear level-density information.
Characterization of Paenibacillus popilliae rRNA operons.

The terminal 39 nucleotides on the 3' end of the 16S rRNA gene, along with the complete DNA sequences of the 5S rRNA, 23S rRNA, tRNAIle, and tRNAAla genes were determined for Paenibacillus popillia...
Past and future of radio occultation studies of planetary atmospheres

Measurements of radio waves that have propagated through planetary atmospheres have provided exploratory results on atmospheric constituents, structure, dynamics, and ionization for Venus, Mars, Titan, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. Highlights of past results are reviewed in order to define and illustrate the potential of occultation and related radio studies in future planetary missions.
Fuel oil quality of biomass pyrolysis oils-state of the art for the end users

Biomass pyrolysis oils have potential to be used as a fuel oil substitute. Combustion tests have shown that the oils burn efficiently in standard or slightly modified boilers and engines with rates similar to those for commercial fuels. However, these tests also identified several challenges in bio-oils applications resulting from their properties. The oils have heating values of only 40−50% of that for hydrocarbon fuels. They have a high water content that is detrimental for ignition. Organic acids in the oils are corrosive to common construction materials. Solids (char) can block injectors or erode turbine blades. Over time, reactivity of some components in the oils leads to formation of larger molecules that results in high viscosity and in slower combustion. This paper discusses physical and chemical characteristics of bio-oils relevant to fuel applications as well as some low-cost methods for improvement of these properties. It also provides bio-oil specifications proposed by some industrial users an...
Pain behaviors in infants and toddlers

The purposes of this qualitative study were to describe behaviors of infants and toddlers when in acute pain and to describe changes in those behaviors across the 3-yr span. With the use of naturalistic observation, 32 children, birth to 36 mo of age, were observed following surgery, fractures, or burns. Purposeful sampling of children, who were inpatients of a private midwestern hospital, was used. Data sources included child observations, parent interviews, and patient records. The research method used was grounded theory. Three pain behavior categories were developed, and characteristics of each category were identified. Pain categories included motor movement, communication, and facial expression. Theoretic implications were proposed. It is concluded that predictable changes in pain behaviors occur within infancy and toddlerhood. A matrix of pain behavior is presented.
Synthesis and biological properties of the 2-L-.beta.-(pyrazolyl-1)alanine analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone

The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) analog, less thanGlu-Pyr(1)Ala-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2, and the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, less thanGlu-Pyr(1)Ala-Pro-NH2, were synthesized by azide couplings of the dipeptide hydrazide, less thanGlu-Pyr(1)Ala-NHNH2, to the C-terminal octapeptide of LH-RH and to proline amide, respectively. In an ovariectomized, steroid-blocked rat assay, the LH-RH analog was found to have only 1% of the LH-releasing activity of the natural hormone. The TRH analog was 1.5 times more effective than TRH itself in releasing TSH in vivo from the anterior pituitary of mice. This peptide is one of two synthetic peptides so far discovered which are more potent than TRH.
On Leray's self-similar solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations satisfying local energy estimates

This paper proves that Leray's self‐similar solutions of the three‐dimensional Navier‐Stokes equations must be trivial under very general assumptions, for example, if they satisfy local energy estimates.
Compassio and Co-Redemptio in Roger Van Der Weyden's Descent from the Cross

ROGER van der Weyden's Descent from the Cross in the Escorial occupies a unique place in the history of art. It is the only composition by an old Flemish master that is truly monumental, not only in actual size (220 × 262 cm.), but in sentiment and composition. The painter, furthermore, has boldly broken with a firmly established iconographic tradition; he has conceived the Descent from the Cross afresh. His composition—“der glucklichste Griff, der je einem niederlandischen Maler im funfzehnten Jahrhundert gelungen ist”1—created a profound impression. No other painting of its school has been copied or adapted so often;2 and the high price at which, in 1556, the Regent of the Netherlands, Mary of Hungary, secured the picture (which had adorned the main altar of the Church of Our Lady at Louvain until that time) for Philip II of Spain attests to its fame even then.3
Probing the Effects of Hydrophilic Branch Size, Distribution, and Connectivity in Amphiphilic Polyethylene

Acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization/hydrogenation methodology was used to synthesize a family of amphiphilic polyethylenes (PEs) with precisely placed poly(ethylene glycol) branches. Four structural parameters are varied in this report: size of the hydrophilic pendant group, manner in which the pendant group is connected to the backbone, distance between the pendant moieties along the backbone, and saturation of the polyolefin backbone. Varying the branch size with other parameters held constant results in negligible effects on thermal behavior. However, when either the distribution of branches or manner of connection of the branches is altered, changes in the thermal behavior become clear. These slight structural changes allow tunability of the structural morphology from fully amorphous to semicrystalline materials melting over a range of temperatures above 60 °C.
KINETICS OF HYDRATION OF TRICALCIUM ALUMINATE

Abstract Based on a generally accepted conceptual model for the hydration of tricalcium aluminate, a mathematical model was developed for the kinetics of hydration. The model was solved, illustrated, and compared to experimental heat release data. Results suggested that pore diffusion through a hexagonal phase barrier layer, dissolution of this layer and crystallization of the cubic phase from solution were all contributing resistances in the model, although pore diffusion through the barrier layer was the rate-controlling step.
Enhancing the treatment and prevention of depression in women: The role of integrative behavioral couple therapy

In this article we discuss the implications of recent theoretical work from the Stone Center ( Jordan, Kaplan, Miller, Stiver, & Surrey 1991 ) and Jack (1991) for understanding the link between women's depression and marital distress. From this heuristic framework, we describe how recent improvements to traditional behavioral couple therapy represented in integrative behavioral couple therapy may enhance the treatment and prevention of women's depression.
The 2010 ISPD meeting issue: World class science, World Cup football.

Under unseasonably hot and sunny Dutch skies, over 600 participants gathered in Amsterdam for the 15th International Conference on Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Therapy. What no amount of advance planning could have predicted, however, was that the Dutch national team would reach the final in the World Cup Football tournament to be played on the eve of the conference. Thus, meeting attendees arrived in the midst of a nation expressing its national pride by displaying its national color, orange, everywhere. The conference’s opening reception was canceled because of the game and its related celebrations; everyone was encouraged to watch the game. The International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis’ (ISPD) Special Interest Group (SIG) on Fetal Therapy hosted a party at a local tavern (Figure 1). Among the attendees were the scientific program co-chairs of the prior (2008) ISPD meeting, Professors Doug Wilson and Sylvie Langlois (Figure 2). Although the Dutch team lost to the Spaniards, the festive atmosphere continued throughout the meeting. In this March 2011 issue of Prenatal Diagnosis, we feature many of the presentations that were made at the ISPD 2010 meeting (others will appear in subsequent issues.) All the contributions, with the exception of the debates and reports from the SIGs, have undergone peer review. For additional perspectives on the conference, featuring the on-site impressions of Professors Gerard Visser (the Netherlands) and Irma Nippert (Germany), a free podcast is available at www.ispdhome.org. The best-attended parts of the meeting were the four debates, which are summarized in this issue. In the first one, ‘Is stem cell therapy ready for human fetuses?’ the basic scientist Christine Mummery argues that most stem cell therapies are not yet suitable for adults, let alone fetuses. Her opinion contrasts with that of the clinician, Magnus Westgren, who presents his group’s experience
Selected Structural Basins of the Midcontinent, USA: ERRATUM

AAPG Bulletin, v. 67, no. 9 (September 1983), p. 1484. Review of "Selected Structural Basins of the Midcontinent, USA," edited by Paul Dean Proctor and John W. Koenig. Corrected address: Department of Geology, 208 Norwood Hall, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65401. Corrected price: $7. End_of_Article - Last_Page 2160------------
14C labeling of glucosyl oligosaccharides during starvation and during hydrocortisone-induced glycogenesis.

Abstract 14C-Glucose was administered intravenously into starved anesthetized male rats, and at intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 30 min afterwards, the animals were killed and the liver homogenates were processed for perchloric acid-soluble and -insoluble glycogen, UDP-glucose, and glucosyl oligosaccharides. In every case the order of 14C-glucose incorporation is UDPG >glucosyl oligosaccharides >glycogen. The same pattern of labeling was obtained when 14CO2 was injected into rats undergoing hydrocortisone-stimulated glycogenesis. During active glycogen synthesis 14C-glucose incorporation into glycogen and oligosaccharides increased while the specific radioactivity of UDP-glucose declined. The results signify that glycogen and glucosyl oligosaccharides are products evolving simultaneously from the same transfer reaction catalyzed by UDP-glucose-glucosyl transferase.
Specificity of rabbit antisera for peptide 81-104 of horse cytochrome c is dominated by C-terminal residues

Sera have been prepared in rabbits against the carboxy terminal cyanogen bromide fragment of horse cytochrome c (81-104) conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA). The specificity of these sera has been studied by radioimmunoassay and reveals that only peptide 81-104 binds the antibody. Neither whole cytochrome c nor peptides 1-65 and 66-80 displace 125I-81-104 from specific antibody, while cold peptides 81-104 is active in this regard, as expected. Fine specificity studies with isolated heterologous peptides 81-104 from the bovine, rabbit, canine, chicken, pigeon and tuna species of cytochrome c reveal that a major antigenic determinant is influenced by sequence positions 100 and 103 while a minor antigenic determinant is influenced by residue 92. These results are exactly mirrored and supported by inhibition studies with the isolated chymotryptic fragments 98-104 and 83-97. Studies with tryptic, chymotryptic and peptic digests of horse cytochrome c reveal that these natural proteases can generate peptides with the appropriate peptide sequences to react with antibodies produced against the peptide 81-104-BSA conjugate.
Velocity autocorrelation functions of Lennard-Jones fluids

By a self-consistent procedure, the velocity autocorrelation functions of both liquid and gaseous argon have been calculated without introducing any arbitrary parameters. The results are in satisfactory agreement with computer experiments. The correlation functions are primarily determined by the nearest-neighbor coordination. Because of the strong hard-core repulsion, the behaviors are more vibratory and damp out quickly at high densities and are more diffusive at lower densities.
Neoliberalism, “Globalization,” Unemployment, Inequalities, and the Welfare State

This analysis of "neoliberalism" and its economic and social consequences is presented in six sections. Section I begins by describing the impact of neoliberal public policies on economic growth and inflation, on business profits and business investments, on productivity, on business credit, on unemployment and social inequalities, on social expenditures, and on poverty and family debt. The author shows that, except in the area of business profits and control of inflation, neoliberal policies have not proved superior to those they replaced. Section II deals with unemployment and social polarization in the developed capitalist countries. The author criticizes some of the theories put forward to explain these social problems, such as the introduction of new technologies and globalization of the economy, and suggests that a primary reason for these problems is the implementation of neoliberal policies. Section III challenges the widely held neoliberal perception that the U.S. economy is highly efficient and the E.U. economies are "sclerotic" due to their "excessive" welfare states and "rigid" labor markets. The author shows that the U.S. economy is not so dynamic, nor the E.U. economies so sclerotic. Some developed countries with greater social protection and more regulated labor markets are shown to be more successful than the United States in producing jobs and lowering unemployment. The reasons for the growing polarization in developed capitalist countries, rooted in political rather than economic causes, are discussed in section IV--especially the enormous power of the financial markets and their influence on international agencies and national governments, and the weakness of the labor movements, both nationally and internationally. Section V questions the major theses of globalization. The author shows that rather than globalization of commerce and investments, we are witnessing a regionalization of economic relations stimulated by political considerations. He also analyzes the globalization of capital finance, criticizing the thesis that capital markets are determining public policies. The economic determinism that underlies the globalization position is questioned, uncovering the importance of political explanations for understanding major social problems such as unemployment. Finally, section VI shows that neoliberal public policies on the deregulation of labor markets are creating enormous instability in the labor force, worsening the living conditions of the majority of the populations.
Cytosolic Free Calcium, NAD/NADH Redox State and Hemodynamic Changes in the Cat Cortex during Severe Hypoglycemia:

Summary Using indo-1, a fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, in vivo fluorometric measurements were made of changes in cytosolic free Ca2+, NAD/NADH redox state, and hemodynamics directly from the cat cortex during and after severe insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Cytosolic free Ca2+ started to increase when the EEG became isoelectric, remained at a significantly high level (p < 0.05) during the period of isoelectric EEG (IEEG), and recovered to the control level 6 min following an intravenous infusion of glucose. The NAD/NADH redox state oxidized significantly during IEEG and then recovered rapidly to the control level after the glucose infusion. Local cortical blood volume (LCBV) increased gradually during the progression of hypoglycemia, reaching the maximal level (146 ± 7%) at the end of IEEG, and then started to recover. The mean transit time (MTT) through the cortical microcirculation was shortened during the IEEG (control: 3.84 ± 0.41 s versus IEEG: 2.73 ± 0.17 s, p < 0.05), whereas it was prolonged during the...
Evaluation of hot-wire spatial filtering corrections for wall turbulence and correction for end-conduction effects

Several recent spatial filtering corrections for Reynolds stress measured by single component hot-wire probes were assessed using turbulent channel flow data measured over a moderate Reynolds number range. Using measurements with a variety of hot-wire lengths and aspect ratios, the current work determines the impact of these corrections on the actual magnitude and Reynolds number dependence of the near-wall turbulent peak in Reynolds stress and compares it to results from prior direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flow. Comparison of the results following application of previously published correction schemes were found to produce similar results, with some limitations observed for each technique. Comparison to direct numerical simulation results suggested that additional corrections were needed to correct for end conduction effects. An additional modification for these effects was devised which improved agreement between probes of different lengths and aspect ratios and improved agreement between the measured and direct numerical simulation results .