cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Persistent clustered main memory index for accelerating k-NN queries on high dimensional datasets

Similarity search implemented via k-Nearest-Neighbor (k-NN) queries is an extremely useful paradigm in content based image retrieval (CBIR), which is costly on high-dimensional indices due to the curse of dimensionality. We improve k-NN query processing by utilizing the double filtering effect of clustering and indexing on a persistent version of the Ordered-Partition tree (OP-tree) index, which is highly efficient in processing k-NN queries. The OP-tree is made persistent by writing it onto disk after serialization, i.e. arranging its nodes into contiguous memory locations, so that the high transfer rate of modern disk drives is exploited. We first report experimental results to optimize OP-tree parameters. We then compare OP-trees and sequential scans with options for the Karhunen-Loeve transform and Euclidean distance calculation. Comparisons against OMNI-based sequential scan are also reported. We finally compare a clustered and persistent version of the OP-tree against a clustered version of the SR-tree and the VA-File method. It is observed that the OP-tree index outperforms the other two methods and that the improvement increases with the number of dimensions.
A new quadrature formula associated with the ultraspherical polynomials

Abstract A new Birkhoff-type quadrature formula associated with the extended ultraspherical nodes is obtained and applied to evaluate the second kind of ultraspherical polynomials at the endpoints of the interval of orthogonality.
Competition-driven robot design

The study presents a successful methodological robot design approach for the 2011 IEEE Region-5 competition to improve innovation skills of students through a National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsored project that aimed to develop a laboratory-based, competition-driven robotics curriculum in a minority serving institution.
Hyalin release during normal sea urchin development and its replacement after removal at fertilization.

Abstract All stages of sea urchin embryos through pluteus can be dissociated to their component cells through the use of a 1 M solution of glycine containing EDTA, and a similar glycine solution can be used to prevent the formation of the fertilization membrane and remove the hyaline layer material released at fertilization. The protein hyalin, which makes up the bulk of the hyaline layer, can be recovered from these glycine solutions by calcium addition and quantitative agreement was found between the hyalin released at fertilization and the hyalin present at all later developmental stages. However, embryos stripped of their hyalin at fertilization often develop normally, which is unexpected in view of the apparent involvement of the hyaline layer in developmental mechanics. Such embryos are found to have regenerated an appreciable fraction of the hyalin removed at fertilization and this regeneration occurs at the time of blastulation. Thus the regeneration appears to be stimulated by hyaline layer removal at fertilization, but it does not take place until several hours later, at the time this layer has been postulated to play a role in development.
Anomalous scattering determinations of the pair distribution functions in amorphous GeSe

Abstract Techniques have been developed for utilizing synchroton radiation and the anomalous scattering of X-rays for the determination of partial distribution functions in amorphous alloys. Intensities of X-ray scattering from amorphous GeSe were measured at energies near the Ge and Se K absorption edges. These data were analyzed to obtain three partial structure factors and partial distribution functions. The results are consistent with models in which the Ge is fourfold coordinated but not with the model in which each Ge(Se) is surrounded by 3 Se(Ge) atoms.
Semantic Ambiguity and Joint Deflections in the Hainan Negotiations

This article explains the resolution of the 2001 Hainan Incident as the outcome of two-level negotiations. Chinese and American leaders initially confronted a diplomatic impasse because their minimally acceptable positions (or "resistance points") did not overlap. The Importance of their bilateral relationship, however, prompted them to explore mutual concessions to resolve this growing crisis. Faced with strong domestic constraints, they reached a compromise in large part by jointly lowering their initial demands in ways that deflected the criticisms of their respective domestic hard-liners. The semantic ambiguity and linguistic flexibility of their different languages and translations facilititated the success of these unofficial joint deflections.
Health education and the immigrant Haitian mother: cultural insights for community health nurses.

Abstract Lack of information about health education from the perspective of immigrants was the basis of a descriptive survey of 30 Haitian mothers in southeast Florida. Subjects were interviewed regarding the value of health education received while seeking preventive health care for infants and preschool children in community health settings, their access to other sources of health education, and their perceptions of what community health care providers could do to assist them in improving child health. Ninety-seven percent took children for well-child care to medical facilities, and 66% received health education during the visits. Seventy percent had access to health-education programs through clinics or the media. Impediments to effective health education were lack of providers who speak Haitian Creole, need for more nurses, and long clinic waiting periods. Nurses were considered the best persons to do health teaching; radio and clinic lectures were the preferred media. Teaching was valuable if it was understandable and practical, reinforced parenting abilities, and allowed time for questions. Results are related to socioeconomic and political factors, traditional Haitian health culture, and cultural views of the cognitive development in children. Culture-specific strategies related to the modes and foci of health education are discussed.
Equivalent electromechanical representation of trapped energy transducers

Trapped energy resonators and transducers have attained a considerable importance in quartz crystal technology both as single-frequency resonators for the control of crystal oscillators and as drivers for the monolithic crystal filter which appears likely to have a wide use as a channel filter for the separation of voice frequency channels for long-distance carrier systems, microwave radio, and submarine cable systems. It is the purpose of this paper to derive the equations for trapped energy resonators of the thickness-shear and thickness-twist types and to calculate the ratios of capacitances for straight crested waves. It turns out that the ratios are lower (coupling higher) than are observed in practice. It appears that this difference is connected with the finite width of the plate which causes the motion at the edge of the plate to be somewhat smaller than the motion in the center of the plate. While no exact solution has been obtained for the finite plate, an approximation is made which is in good agreement with the experiment. The resonator on a plate is a symmetrical device, whereas a transducer for driving a monolithic filter is a dissymmetrical device since it is driving different impedances on its two boundaries. To represent this dissymmetry requires a distributed network representation which is somewhat similar to that found for a plane longitudinal or shear wave except that the propagation constant for a trapped wave replaces that of the plane wave. The representation also requires a transformer whose transformation ratio is a function of the frequency and two negative element terms. By transformations the negative elements can be made to disappear. These together produce an equivalent circuit whose values depend on the ratio of the electrode length to the crystal thickness.
The Market, Multiculturalism and Leitkultur : Responding to Žižek's Challenge

As illustrated in this article, there are no such things as singular issues in politics. Be that as it may, no one will remember German Chancellor Angela Merkel's remarks on immigration in October 2010 as being about anything other than immigration. Her remarks ought to be remembered, however, more for what she didn't say than for what she did say. Her omission of salient facts regarding the history of the guest-worker agreement between Germany and Turkey shines just a hint of light on what the authors of this article reveal to be a much broader pattern of denial that they describe as playing out in the United States as a form of bad political theatre between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the theatre is only meant to distract Americans from the reality of the Leitkultur that they now share with nearly every country in our globalized world — namely, the market. This article describes the role of this Leitkultur as well as the role of its denial in shaping public perceptions on the issue of immigration...
Ultra-high sensitivity B-H looper/AC susceptometer

An ultra-high-sensitivity, versatile B-H looper/AC susceptometer is described. The design is based on the well-known inductance technique, and uses modern low-noise components to achieve the high sensitivity. The mechanical assembly is designed for use inside a glass dewar, enabling measurements to be made at any temperature between 4.2 K and 300 K. B-H loops at 5 kHz with up to 3.09 kOe applied field can be measured much faster and with greater sensitivity than with a SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) magnetometer. Initial AC susceptibility can be measured over a frequency range of 12 Hz to 120 kHz. >
Using tensors to track earthquakes on hydraulic shaker tables

This paper presents a new method to design nonlinear, earthquake-tracking controls on the shaker table at the University of Notre Dame's Structural Dynamics and Control/Earthquake Engineering Laboratory, by using symmetric tensor formulations of optimal nonlinear regulator design techniques. By means of a closed loop representation for the nonlinear optimal regulator problem, a compact and novel form of nonlinear regulator solution is obtained. Computer simulations show that the nonlinear controller provides much smaller tracking error on the shaker table than the linear controller, when mismatched reference command signals are used. For paired reference command signals, computed off-line in advance by direct inverse computation methods, both simulation and experimental results show that linear and nonlinear control can be used for tracking control of shaker table to a set of desired earthquake signals without redesigning the feedback loop control.
2D asymmetric tensor analysis

Analysis of degenerate tensors is a fundamental step in finding the topological structures and separatrices in tensor fields. Previous work in this area have been limited to analyzing symmetric second order tensor fields. In this paper, we extend the topological analysis to 2D general (asymmetric) second order tensor fields. We show that it is not sufficient to define degeneracies based on eigenvalues alone, but one must also include the eigenvectors in the analysis. We also study the behavior of these eigenvectors as they cross from one topological region into another.
Preoperative Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Independently Predicts Overall Survival in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma following Radical Nephrectomy.

Objectives. To determine the relationship between preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and overall survival in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) following nephrectomy. Methods. 167 patients undergoing nephrectomy for localized RCC had ESR levels measured preoperatively. Receiver Operating Characteristics curves were used to determine Area Under the Curve and relative sensitivity and specificity of preoperative ESR in predicting overall survival. Cut-offs for low (0.0–20.0 mm/hr), intermediate (20.1–50.0 mm/hr), and high risk (>50.0 mm/hr) groups were created. Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to assess the univariate impact of these ESR-based groups on overall survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to assess the potential of these groups to predict overall survival, adjusting for other patient and tumor characteristics. Results. Overall, 55.2% were low risk, while 27.0% and 17.8% were intermediate and high risk, respectively. Median (95% CI) survival was 44.1 (42.6–45.5) months, 35.5 (32.3–38.8) months, and 32.1 (25.5–38.6) months, respectively. After controlling for other patient and tumor characteristics, intermediate and high risk groups experienced a 4.5-fold (HR: 4.509, 95% CI: 0.735–27.649) and 18.5-fold (HR: 18.531, 95% CI: 2.117–162.228) increased risk of overall mortality, respectively. Conclusion. Preoperative ESR values represent a robust predictor of overall survival following nephrectomy in localized RCC.
Writing, technologies, and the fifth canon

Abstract Andrea Lunsford's keynote address to the 2005 Computers and Writing Conference at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, expands the definition of writing to include epistemic, multivocal, multimodal, and multimediated practices in the computers and writing classroom. The article describes the development and piloting of a new undergraduate course in Stanford's Program in Writing and Rhetoric that applies these concepts to the undergraduate composition process. The address closes with a challenge to create classroom experiences that allow students to compose in “the most compelling discursive modalities of their generation”.
Teaching Subject Position in Spanish: Gustar Verbs, Unaccusatives and the Impersonal Passive

This paper explores a misunderstood and frequently ignored topic in the literature dealing with teaching Spanish as an L2: subject position (Vanpatten & Cadierno, 1993). Native speakers of English, and other languages whose subjects have a fixed position in the sentence, find it difficult to acquire the patterns that govern subject placement in Spanish, which may either precede or follow the verb. This difficulty is due in part to cross-linguistic differences associated to the argument structure of certain expressions, but it is also caused by the inadequate treatment of this topic in many textbooks and dictionaries. Subject inversion, i.e. the placement of the subject in postverbal position, is not a random phenomenon, and its occurrence is often limited to specific constructions. This paper examines three structures that are frequently associated with postverbal subjects: verbs of psychological affection, the impersonal passive and unaccusative verbs. Several communicative task-based activities are also presented, in order to ensure that L2 learners of Spanish are able to recognize postverbal subjects as a common phenomenon.
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Pneumonia in Lung Transplant Recipients

We present 6 cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in lung transplant recipients. All cases were treated with imipenem and/or non-traditional antibiotics, such as tigecycline and colistimethate, and had different microbiologic and clinical outcomes. Prior treatment with broad-spectrum anti-microbial therapy was the single most likely risk factor for the development of infection due to MDR Acinetobacter baumannii. Ideal preventive and therapeutic strategies for this pathogen in lung transplant recipients require further study.
Event classification in 3D position sensitive semiconductor detectors

A set of analytical methods for pixelated 3D position sensitive semiconductor detectors has been developed to make better measurements of gamma-rays in the 30 keV to 3 MeV energy range. The ability to classify pixel charge sharing, x-ray escape, pair production, and Compton scattering allows for more accurate and efficient energy reconstruction and Compton imaging routines. The techniques are based on the analysis of digitized preamplifier waveforms from the electrodes that sense charge following an interaction. Accurate identification of an event is based on the comparison of an expected detector response with precise measurements of an interaction’s resulting signal amplitude, shape, and timing characteristics. A tungsten collimator is used to demonstrate the accuracy of the classification methods. Experimental results taken with large volume CZT and HgI 2 detectors are compared with system simulations.
Left ventricular assist device bridge-to-transplant network improves survival after failed cardiotomy.

Background. Postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock has been reported to occur following 2% to 6% of cardiac surgical procedures. Both the mandatory New York state cardiac surgery database and a voluntary ventricular assist device registry have reported hospital discharge rates of only 25% in postcardiotomy patients supported with ventricular assist devices. Although many centers have access to short-term mechanical cardiac assist devices, most lack a dedicated team which can resuscitate these critically ill patients. Equally important, these centers do not have easy access to effective cardiac replacement options, including implantable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) and heart transplantation. Methods. A referral network based upon the use of implantable LVADs as a bridge to transplantation in patients with postcardiotomy heart failure was established in the New York City region. Cardiac surgery centers were encouraged to contact our center early following any failed cardiotomy. Results. Forty-four patients entered our postcardiotomy network: 12 recovered without an implantable LVAD, 23 received implantable LVADs, and six expired without long-term LVAD support. Of the 44 referrals, 29 (66%) survived to hospital discharge. Of the 23 patients receiving implantable LVADs, two recovered myocardial function and underwent LVAD explant, 14 were bridged to heart transplant, one underwent an emergent heart transplant, and six expired. Of the 23 implantable LVAD patients, 17 (74%) survived to hospital discharge. Conclusions. Regional networks centered around bridge-to-transplant facilities that have an aggressive approach to implantable LVAD placement may substantially improve the survival rate of patients with postcardiotomy heart failure.
The Relationship Between Nonbusiness Bankruptcy Filings and Various Measure of Consumer Debt

This web-based article was originally posted to the web in 2001. It explores the relationship between the U.S. nonbusiness bankruptcy filings and basic measures of debt carried by consumers, including mortgages. The conclusion is nonbusiness bankruptcy filings have a relationship to outstanding consumer debt. The paper also discusses the construction of the Federal Reserve's household debt service burden and how that data point may be an incomplete measure of consumber debt burden. The web site that hosted the paper no longer exists, and because the author periodically receives requests for the paper, it is made available here.
Bacterial Esophagitis in Immunocompromised Patients

• We studied the clinical and pathologic features of bacterial esophagitis in three index cases identified by endoscopic biopsy and in 20 autopsy cases. Fourteen of the 23 patients had malignant hematologic conditions, aplastic anemia, or solid tumors; ten were profoundly neutropenic (white blood cell count, 3 [ 9 /L]). The organisms involved in bacterial esophagitis were gram-positive cocci in 14, gram-negative bacilli in three, mixed gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci in five, and gram-positive bacilli in one. Four patients had bacteremic bacterial esophagitis; all were immunocompromised, three by profound neutropenia and one by gestational prematurity. Bacteria causing bacteremic bacterial esophagitis were all gram-positive: viridans-group streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis , and Bacillus species. Our study suggests that bacterial esophagitis is more common than has been recognized in the past and should be considered as a potential source of bacteremia in immunocompromised patients. ( Arch Intern Med 1986;146:1345-1348)
Multiple User Considerations and Their Implications in Medical Error Reporting System Design

Objective: The study examined the differences between physicians and clinical assistants in their preferences for a statewide medical error reporting system. Background: Medical error reporting sys...
Is Pay-for-Performance Moving North? P4P Prospects in the Canadian Healthcare System

Recently, significant momentum has gathered behind reimbursement systems that compensate healthcare providers on the basis of the quality of care delivered (pay-for-performance, or P4P). The United States and the United Kingdom have both embraced P4P as a potential solution to many of the ills of healthcare. Every P4P system, however, must be designed to meet the needs of the local or national healthcare environment in which it is being applied. In most settings, P4P has been implemented prior to there being a full understanding of its potential effectiveness or of all the potential problems that might result from the law of unintended consequences. Each of Canada's provinces and territories has the flexibility to operate its own unique healthcare system within broad outlines put forth under the Canada Health Act of 1984. Consequently, Canada has the opportunity to contribute greatly to our knowledge base by implementing P4P in a phased-in manner that would provide the opening for both experimentation and evaluation.
Flexion and extension gap balancing in revision total knee arthroplasty

The principles in a revision total knee arthroplasty are similar to that of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), however, during a revision, it is imperative to achieve a balanced, stable knee with optimal function by restoration of the joint line and soft tissue balancing. The technique regarding the basic principles for gap balancing is based on 3 points: (1) distal femoral resection or augmentation affects only the extension gap, (2) femoral downsizing affects only the flexion gap, and (3) proximal tibial resection or increasing tibial insert thickness affects both the flexion and extension gaps symmetrically. Consistently good results can be achieved if a sequential approach is employed, beginning with revealing the underlying mechanism of failure. Also, evaluating the patient clinically before and while under anesthesia prior to the operation in combination with the intra-operative findings enables the surgeon to identify any imbalances in soft tissues and correct it as well as choosing the appropriate prosthesis. In this article, a review of the sequential steps to balancing the soft tissues and restoring the height of the joint line in a revision TKA is presented.
Processes of Cumulative Adversity: Childhood Disadvantage and Increased Risk of Heart Attack Across the Life Course

Objectives. This article examines how processes of cumulative adversity shape heart attack risk trajectories across the life course. Methods. Our sample includes 9760 Health and Retirement Study respondents born between 1931 and 1941. Using self-reported retrospective measures of respondents’ early background, we first identify three latent classes with differential exposure to childhood disadvantage. Intervening covariates associated with educational attainment, employment status, income attainment, marital history, and health behaviors are added to capture sequential processes of adversity. Final latent-class cluster models estimate the cumulative impact of these covariates on three different heart attack risk trajectories between 1992 and 2002: high, increasing, and low. Results. Early disadvantage and childhood illness have severe enduring effects and increase the risk for heart attack. Adult pathways, however, differentially influence trajectories of heart attack risk and mediate the effects of early disadvantage. Discussion. Findings suggest that future research should consider how processes of cumulative adversity initiated in childhood influence health outcomes in older ages.
Towards a contextual approach to the place–homeless survival nexus: An exploratory case study of Los Angeles County

The characteristics of the immediate locale greatly affect the ability of homeless people to adapt to life on the street and in shelters, with different types of places nurturing different circumstances for survival. Current conceptualizations of the place–survival nexus are too narrow, relying on small-scale, intensive studies of particular places that are known to sustain homeless survival while ignoring more suburban and exurban locales, as well as failing to set these places of survival within the larger socio-economic spaces of the metropolitan area. Further, the literature is heavily qualitative, lacking any kind of ‘‘big picture” quantitative assessment of the nexus. In response, we contribute to the place–survival nexus literature by developing a typology of space for homeless survival and then use interview data to examine the variation in survival strategies across three types of urban space in Los Angeles County. Our results speak to how our innovative and exploratory approach enabled a broader, more extensive and variegated understanding of place–survival among homeless people than previous studies.
Family-Based Behavioral Treatment of Pediatric Compulsive Hoarding A Case Example

Although compulsive hoarding may pose health, social, and developmental impairment for children, there are few phenomenological and treatment studies to guide assessment and treatment. Current evid...
Improving Estimates of Genetic Maps: A Maximum Likelihood Approach

As a result of previous large, multipoint linkage studies there is a substantial amount of existing marker data. Due to the increased sample size, genetic maps estimated from these data could be more accurate than publicly available maps. However, current methods for map estimation are restricted to data sets containing pedigrees with a small number of individuals, or cannot make full use of marker data that are observed at several loci on members of large, extended pedigrees. In this article, a maximum likelihood (ML) method for map estimation that can make full use of the marker data in a large, multipoint linkage study is described. The method is applied to replicate sets of simulated marker data involving seven linked loci, and pedigree structures based on the real multipoint linkage study of Abkevich et al. (2003, American Journal of Human Genetics 73, 1271-1281). The variance of the ML estimate is accurately estimated, and tests of both simple and composite null hypotheses are performed. An efficient procedure for combining map estimates over data sets is also suggested.
Alternate force fields in the normal coordinate analysis of the bridged polynuclear metal atom complexes Bi6(OH)126+, Pb4(OH)44+ and Tl4(OEt)4

Abstract The ambiguities inherent in elucidating the important valence forces in bridged polynuclear metal-atom complexes via normal coordinate analysis are discussed. Previous results for the species Bi 6 (OH) 12 6+ , Pb 4 (OH) 4 4+ and Tl 4 (OC 2 H 5 ) 4 , based on the hypothesis that metal-metal interaction is important, have been reexamined, and alternative force fields, based on the dominance of other valence forces, are derived by coordinate transformations. None of the alternate force fields provides a chemically satisfying account of the cage deformation frequencies. However the choice of force field does not appear to have a material effect on the eigenvectors or, consequently, on the bond polarizability derivatives calculated from Raman intensities. Within the assumptions of the Wolkenstein bond polarizability theory, weak metal-metal interaction is required to account for the Raman intensities of the A 1 deformation modes, regardless of which restoring forces are responsible for the associated frequencies.
India network-the first case study of a virtual community

In this paper, we describe the historical development of a virtual community of Asian Indians and how the Internet helped create such a network. The Indian Network is the oldest e-mail network serving the Asian Indian community around the world. Although it is physically located in the United States, it serves members in more than 75 countries, providing them with news, information and advice. A detailed discussion on problems and issues in establishing an Internet-based network is provided in the paper. In addition, the advantages of the Internet in building a virtual community of immigrant populations separated by thousands of miles physically, but just an e-mail away are outlined. This paper will be of use to those interested in developing community networks for other communities. It will also help experts in computer science and information technology develop software tools to meet the challenges in aiding development of virtual communities. Another important contribution of these specialized lists is our ability to reach the community for research purposes which otherwise would be impossible. The credit card usage study and membership survey results are discussed towards the end of the paper.
Limbal Basal Cell Density Decreases in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency.

Purpose To investigate changes in limbal basal epithelial cell density in eyes with limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) using in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy. Design Retrospective observational comparative study. Methods A total of 43 eyes of 30 patients diagnosed with LSCD were included in the study. Ten eyes from normal subjects were included as control. Confocal imaging of the central cornea, and the superior, nasal, inferior and temporal limbus were collected using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph III Rostock Corneal Module. Basal cell density in all locations was measured by 2 independent observers. Results The mean basal cell density of the normal group was 9264 ± 598 cells/mm 2 in the cornea and 7120 ± 362 cells/mm 2 in the limbus. In the LSCD group, the mean basal cell density in the cornea decreased 31.0% (6389 ± 1820 cells/mm 2 , P 2 , P P > .05). The basal cell diameter increased by 24.6% in the cornea (14.7 μm) and by 15.7% in the limbus (15.5 μm) compared to the control. Conclusions Basal cell density in both central cornea and limbus decreases in LSCD. Limbal stem cells (LSCs) are affected globally and basal cell density could be used as a parameter to measure LSC function at the early stages of the disease process.
Gas-Vacuolated Strains of Microcyclus aquaticus

Two strains of gas-vacuolated heterotrophic bacteria have been isolated from freshwaters by using 0.01% peptone enrichments. Both are nonmotile, vibrioid organisms that form rings before division. In terms of these morphological traits and other characteristics, including nutritional characters and deoxyribonucleic acid base composition, these new isolates are very similar to Microcyclus aquaticus. It is proposed that they be considered strains of this species.
Effects of Sorting Steers by Body Weight into Calf-Fed, Summer Yearling, and Fall Yearling Feeding Systems1

ABSTRACT Two years of data (288 steers/yr) were used to determine if sorting cattle by BW into different production systems would decrease overweight carcasses (> 431 kg) and hot carcass weight (HCW) variation. At receiving, steers were assigned randomly into sorted or unsorted groups (n = 144 steers/group). Within a group, steers were assigned to 1 of 3 feeding times: 1) calf-fed (entering the feedlot at receiving), 2) summer yearling (grazed during winter and entering the feedlot in May) and 3) fall yearling (grazed during winter and summer and entering the feedlot in September). Unsorted steers were assigned randomly to a feeding time. Sorted steers were assigned to a feeding time based on BW, with the heaviest one-third fed as calf-fed steers and the remaining steers grazing in the winter. After winter grazing, the heaviest one-half of the remaining sorted steers were fed as summer yearlings and the lightest one-half grazed summer grass and entered the feedlot in September. On feedlot entry, steers were assigned randomly to 6 pens/treatment. This experiment was analyzed as a completely randomized design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments and with pen as the experimental unit. By design, interactions (P
Interactions Between Knowledge and Testimony in Children’s Reality-Status Judgments

In 2 studies, we attempted to capture the information-processing abilities underlying children’s reality-status judgments. Forty 5- to 6-year-olds and 53 7- to 8-year-olds heard about novel entities (animals) that varied in their fit with children’s world knowledge. After hearing about each entity, children could either guess reality status immediately or listen to testimony first. Informants varied in their expertise and in their testimony, which either supported or refuted the entities’ existence. Results revealed that children were able to evaluate the fit between the new information and their existing knowledge; this information then governed their decision regarding whether to seek testimony. Testimony had the strongest effect when new information did not conflict with, but was also not representative of, children’s knowledge.
The President's Doubles

The president of the island had been president for nearly nineteen years, and, as was often the case with presidents, many people wanted to kill the president, and some people even had threatened to, and some people even had attempted to, which was why, nineteen years earlier, before the president had even been sworn into office, the president’s advisers had begun searching the island for lookalikes. Cover Page Footnote "The President's Doubles" was originally published at Booth. This article is available in Booth: http://digitalcommons.butler.edu/booth/vol8/iss2/3
Limits on muon-neutrino oscillations in the mass range 30<. delta. m/sup 2/<1000 eV/sup 2//c/sup 4/

A search for inclusive muon-neutrino (..nu../sub ..mu../) oscillations has been performed in the Fermilab narrow-band neutrino beam using two detectors running simultaneously at two distances from the neutrino source. The data show no evidence for a distance dependence of the neutrino flux and rule out oscillations of ..nu../sub ..mu../ into any other single type of neutrino for 30 0.02--0.20.
Lupus erythematosus-like reaction in imiquimod-treated skin: A report of 2 cases

Imiquimod (Aldara) is a topical immune response modifier effective against a variety of cutaneous tumors. Post therapy histologic reaction patterns have not been well characterized. Here, we present 2 patients treated with imiquimod, whose biopsies showed interface dermatitis of the epidermis and the adnexae with prominent periadnexal and perivascular lymphocytic inflammation. Without the clinical history, these histologic findings may be misinterpreted as lupus erythematosus. This report describes a new finding in imiquimod-treated skin and supports the diversity of reaction patterns that may be seen in association with imiquimod treatment.
Left main coronary artery disease.

Abstract A 50-year-old male smoker with hypertension was brought to the emergency room by EMS. He reported several months of exertional chest pain. Over the previous week, the pain had increased in frequency; on the day of admission, it occurred while the patient was at rest. The last episode was accompanied by diaphoresis and shortness of breath. The patient was given nitrates in the ambulance and was pain free by the time of arrival at the emergency room. Physical examination was unremarkable. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed nonspecific changes (Figure 1).
Analysis on Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Field Intensity at Workplace of 500 kV Substations

[Objective] To analyze the power frequency electric and magnetic field intensity exposed to the operators at the workplace of 500kV substations.[Methods] The levels of power frequency electric and magnetic fields were measured with PMM 8053A/PMM EHP-50C.The results were compared with relevant standards.[Results] The power frequency electric and magnetic field intensity of 148 work sites were measured.Among these results,44 were greater than 5kV/m in respect of power frequency electric field intensity,and 1 reached 10220V/m.The maximum power frequency magnetic field intensity was 35.11μT.The calculated levels of power frequency electric field exposure in terms of time-weighted strength per week(56h) were 738V/m,481V/m and 144V/m in various types of 550kV substations.[Conclusion] In these 500kV substations,the operators’exposure to power frequency electric field meet the national occupational health standards,and their exposure to power frequency magnetic field meet the national power industry requirements.
The Effects of Motivational Climate on Youth Sport Participants

Sports are popular across the nation and youth sport participation is at an all-time high, yet children are quitting youth sports at an alarming rate. If this trend is going to change, several areas of concern must be addressed. The climate created on youth teams can be polarizing, having the potential for significant positive or negative developmental effects. Therefore, the authors explore achievement goals, motivational climate and personal development, and TARGET descriptions. They offer suggestions for coaches, such as creating a mastery climate or fostering a more positive environment, so this negative trend can hopefully be curbed. Creating a mastery climate presents an environment in which children feels competent and successful and could be the key important factor in their continued participation in youth sport.
Improving Sample Results by Object-Weighting

This article brings a parameter estimation procedure into focus that takes bias into account by calculating specific weights for each sample object. A sample consisting of survey-variables, whose expected values in the population are to be estimated, and auxiliary variables, whose mean values are known in the population, serves as a database. The sample is biased, if the mean values of the auxiliary variables differ from the respective mean values in the population. In this case classical estimation provides biased point estimators. Empirical results show that weighted estimation offers more precise results than classical estimation does.
Whole Grains and Diet

Whole grains and whole grain foods are an important component of nutrient-dense diets and play a significant role in maintaining health and preventing chronic disease. This chapter briefly summarizes the role of whole grains in health and nutrition through discussion of: definition of whole grains, whole grain composition, whole dietary recommendations and consumption patterns, dietary sources of whole grains, whole grains impact on diet quality and whole grain foods in the market place. This chapter is not meant to be a comprehensive review of these topics but rather provides an overview of the importance of whole grains.
Surgery and the Adrenal Cortex

The surgical approach to Cushing’s syndrome and primary hyperaldosteronism depends upon an etiologic diagnosis. Simple screening procedures have been developed to distinguish Cushing’s patients from the larger group of obese, hypertensive diabetics who do not have the syndrome. Increasing understanding of hypertension, too, points to an important role for the adrenal cortex.
Status and ceramics for planters and slaves on three Georgia coastal plantations

Previous work on Georgia plantations has provided useful data about life on the large plantations on barrier islands. More recent work on small to mid-sized plantations reveals that slaves’ acquisition of ceramics may reflect more of their own decisions on what was purchased and what was used. Coarser ware frequencies indicate food preparation and storage in the slave quarters. Porcelain was often found in greater numbers in the slave quarters than in the plantation bighouse kitchen. Like earlier research, slaves at Kings Bay were found to have relatively more small bowls, but surprisingly they had relatively more plates as well. Comparison of slaves and planters using CC Index revealed that for several vessel forms the slaves had more expensive ceramics than their masters. This suggests that the slaves themselves viewed ceramics as status indicators and purchased them accordingly.
Analytical Study of the Oblique Impact of an Elastic Sphere with a Rigid Flat

In this study, an analytical model of the elastic impact of a solid rubber sphere with a rigid flat is analyzed. The linear and angular motion of the sphere have been simulated for the oblique (60°) and normal (0°) impact cases. The impact of the sphere with the rigid flat has been represented with a nonlinear contact force. The damping term of a previous normal contact force has been modified with a new expression. The normal contact force as a function of deflection has been studied for different cases.
Building a Stable Relationship: Ensuring Homeostasis among Cell Types within a Tissue.

Many processes controlling cell growth and death are well characterized for individual cell lineages, but how ensembles of different cell types in a tissue regulate collective size and composition remains unclear. In this issue of Cell, Zhou et al. employ experiments and theory to uncover design principles of tissue homeostasis arising from cross-talk between fibroblasts and macrophages.
Land Surface Processes in Climate Models: Status and Prospects

Surface processes determine to a large extent the nature of the Earth’s climate and must therefore be incorporated to some degree in any model used to study the climate system. These processes are briefly reviewed in the context of their incorporation in atmospheric general circulation models, the most sophisticated climate models to date. New developments in surface processes modeling are driven by scientific objectives and constraints in computer power availability. Since the design and implementation of large software codes (such as those needed to include sophisticated surface processes in GCMs) may take years of work, trends in atmospheric sciences (in particular climate modeling) and computer technology are evaluated to assess future needs and opportunities for surface processes parameterizations in global models. A better appreciation of the constraints may be useful in the selection of priorities and objectives, and the assignment of resources.
Thrombectomy and thrombolysis in pediatric acute ischemic stroke (S8.007)

Objective: To describe and compare clinical outcomes of pediatric acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who did and did not receive intravenous thrombolysis (tPA) or intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT). Background: Stroke is a devastating disease at any age. There are few studies on utility of tPA+/−IAT in pediatric AIS. Design/Methods: We retrospectively reviewed pediatric AIS cases from the 2006–2010 Nationwide Inpatient Survey, a 20% stratified sample of all U.S. community hospitals. Demographics, outcomes, cost of stay, and comorbidities were assessed. Results: Overall, 20,587 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 6.0 years (SD 13.9); female 43.9%; white 47.7%. Of those, 198 patients received intervention: 169 tPA, 5 IAT, and 24 tPA+IAT. Treated patients were older (10.0 years vs 5.9 years, p Conclusions: In the pediatric AIS population, tPA was associated with increased mortality. Treatment with tPA+/−IAT was associated with decreased discharge home, increased cost, and higher prevalence of ICH. Prevalence of ICH not explained by Moyamoya or sickle cell as those patients were less likely to receive treatment. Limitations include small numbers of treated patients, lack of data on stroke severity or functional outcome, data from years prior to newer thrombectomy devices. Studies of AIS treatment in adults cannot necessarily be extrapolated given the difference in etiologies of pediatric AIS. Disclosure: Dr. Ess has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dafer has received GlaxoSmithKline, Inc., and Endo Pharmaceuticals as a speakers bureau member. Dr. Conners has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cherian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ouyang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Song has nothing to disclose.
Perception of prescription drug monitoring programs as a prevention tool in primary medical care.

Abstract Background Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) are primary prevention tools to reduce substance use disorders (SUD) and sequelae. Evidence regarding perceptions of PDMPs from different primary care providers, which may impact PDMP utilization for women, is unavailable. Objective To examine perceived PDMP effectiveness among obstetrician-gynecologists (OB/GYNs) compared to primary care physicians (PCPs). Methods Independent surveys of PDMP users in Florida, Kentucky, and California were evaluated based on a Likert-type item to assess perception of PDMP effectiveness in reducing prescription drug abuse and diversion. Response distributions of OB/GYNs versus PCPs were compared using chi-square tests. Results In Florida, there were 41 OB/GYN and 511 PCP respondents; Kentucky, 46 OB/GYNs and 265 PCPs; and California, 41 OB/GYNs and 162 PCPs. In each state OB/GYNs viewed PDMPs as less effective, positive, or useful compared to PCPs (p ≤ 0.01, all states): Florida: 64.1% OB/GYN vs. 83.7% PCP “agree positive impact”; Kentucky: 45.0% OB/GYN vs. 68.5% PCP “effective”. California: 73.2% OB/GYN vs. 86.4% PCP “useful”. Conclusions These results suggest OB/GYNs view their state's PDMP as less effective than do PCPs, which may present barriers to PDMP utilization and decrease opportunities for SUD interventions. Engagement of all healthcare team members is needed to inform future strategies and policies to increase PDMP effectiveness.
Causes of Death in Status Epilepticus.

Objectives To determine the causes of death in patients with status epilepticus. To analyze the relative contributions of seizure etiology, seizure refractoriness, use of mechanical ventilation, anesthetic drugs for seizure control, and medical complications to in-hospital and 90-day mortality, hospital length of stay, and discharge disposition. Design Retrospective cohort. Setting Single-center neuroscience ICU. Participants Patients with status epilepticus were identified by retrospective search of electronic database from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2016. Interventions Review of electronic medical records. Measurements and main results Demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes were collected. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to determine whether the use of anesthetic drugs, mechanical ventilation, Status Epilepticus Severity Score, refractoriness of seizures, etiology of seizures, or medical complications were associated with in-hospital, 90-day mortality or discharge disposition. Among 244 patients with status epilepticus (mean age was 64 yr [interquartile range, 42-76], 55% male, median Status Epilepticus Severity Score 3 [interquartile range, 2-4]), 24 received anesthetic drug infusions for seizure control. In-hospital and 90-day mortality rates were 9.2% and 19.2%, respectively. Death was preceded by withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment in 19 patients (86.3%) and cardiac arrest in three (13.7%). Only Status Epilepticus Severity Score was associated with in-hospital and 90-day mortality, whereas the use of anesthetic drugs for seizure control, mechanical ventilation, medical complications, etiology, and refractoriness of seizures were not. Hospital length of stay was longer in patients with medical complications (p = 0.0091), refractory seizures (p = 0.0077), and in those who required anesthetic drugs for seizure control (p = 0.0035). Patients who had refractory seizures were less likely to be discharged home (odds ratio, 0.295; CI, 0.143-0.608; p = 0.0009). Conclusions In this cohort, death primarily resulted from the underlying neurologic disease and withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment and not from our treatment choices. Use of anesthetic drugs, medical complications, and mechanical ventilation were not associated with in-hospital and 90-day mortality.