cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Extraction Technology for Volatile Oil from Herb of Compound Xiaoyao Oral Solution

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of Compound Xiaoyao Oral Solution.Methods:An orthogonal test design with L_9(3~4) table was used to test the three main factors of distillation process,including extracting time,socking time,the quantity of water, taking the extracted amount of volatile oil as indicator.Results:The results showed that the extracting time have significant influence on the extraction of volatile oil (P0.01) and the soaking time and the quantity of water has less influence on it (P0.05).The best condition was 4 hours' extraction,soak of 30 minutes,6 times water of the herb quantity.Conclusions;Considering the demand of manufacture,the extraction condition was rational,practical and effective.
Clustering of College Football Spreads

This paper examines college football point spreads. We find that the betting spread is a good predictor of outcome for college football games during the regular season, but not for bowl games. Our sample of betting line spreads cluster around 3 points (field goal) and 7 points (touchdown/extra point). Also, the accuracy of the betting line spread improves when the spread clusters on a field goal or touchdown.
Intergenerational Fairness and the Crowding Out Effects of Well-Intended Environmental Policies

Sustainability involves the drive to ensure intergenerational fairness. However, the results of actions taken to achieve sustainability often lie far into the future and efforts to promote the welfare of distant generations may or may not ultimately be successful. While both governmental policies and entrepreneurial innovation have been cited as being indispensable to the achievement of sustainability, the manner in which they co-exist and interact over very long periods of time remains unclear. Using a computational model spanning more than two centuries, this study asks: Do well-intended environmental policies facilitate or inhibit environmental entrepreneurship? By simultaneously considering both the ethical and economic consequences of efforts to arrest environmental degradation, our study answers the call to develop multi-disciplinary perspectives and integrative frameworks when addressing the challenges of sustainable existence. Contrary to widely held perceptions, our findings suggest that policy actions may, in the long run, result in less intergenerational fairness by crowding out environmentally desirable innovations and organizations. Our examination of the long-term interactions between policies and markets offers insights and opportunities for scholars, entrepreneurs, environmentalists, ethicists and policymakers to develop solutions that preserve and extend the essential contributions of both policy actions and entrepreneurial innovations.
Lifetime Analysis of Ferritic Steel Structures for High Temperature Fusion Applications

Ferritic steels have been shown to swell much less than 316 austenitic stainless steel. For this reason ferritic steels are being considered for fusion reactor applications as an alternative to 316...
The Tetraspanin CD81 Facilitates Tumor Metastasis By Modulating Immune Suppression

Tumor metastasis is the major cause of cancer mortality. While immune cells are aimed at halting metastases, the proliferating cancer cells at the primary tumor site recruit cells that counteract the adaptive anti-tumor immune response. Indeed, it is well established that tumors induce the accumulation and proliferation of immune suppressive cells, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Myeloid Derived Suppressor cells (MDSC). The tetraspanin CD81 belongs to a family of proteins that play an important role in the immune system as evident by impaired immune functions of DCs, B and T cells in several tetraspanin-deficient mice (CD37, CD81, CD151, and CD82). While many studies have addressed the function of CD81 in infection and in the immune system, few have focused on its role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here we report that the growth of subcutaneously implanted breast cancer tumors (4T1) is slightly impaired in CD81 knockout (CD81KO) compared to wild type mice. Moreover, CD81KO mice develop very few lung metastases compared to their wild type and heterozygous counterparts. Both wild type and CD81KO tumor-bearing mice show substantial increases in Tregs, and MDSCs. However, these Tregs and MDSCs differ functionally - those derived from wild type mice are effective suppressors of T cell proliferation. By contrast, Tregs and MDSCs derived from tumor-bearing CD81KO mice do not suppress the proliferation of Teff cells. Thus, it is highly likely that while Teff cells are greatly restrained by Tregs and MDSCs in wild type tumor-bearing mice, the impairment of both suppressive cell populations in CD81KO mice enables the anti-tumor function thereby opposing metastases. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Thinking Like A Manager and Managing for the Long Run

Effective management is much more than the production of immediate results. Effective management includes creating the potential for achieving good results over the long run. The manager who as president of a company produces spectacular results for a three- to ten-year period can hardly be considered effective if, concurrently, he or she allows plant and equipment to deteriorate, creates an alienated or militant workforce, lets the company develop a bad name in the marketplace, and ignores new product development.
Accidental Transmedia Design with The Door: Designing an Undergraduate Computer Literacy Course Experience

Transmedia experiences, such as those found in alternate and augmented reality games, are a blending of many different forms of digital and analog media. The core narrative is expressed across many platforms, leading the player through an experience, immersed in relevant contexts. This chapter explains the design and development of The Door, a computer literacy course framed in an alternate reality gaming experience. It was one used many free resources found on the Internet in the middle and late 2000s. We outline some of the core tenets of blending game and pedagogy in the context of problem-based learning that can be used to frame future learning game developments.
Supporting Self-regulated Learning Through Digital Badges: A Case Study

Self-regulated learning (SRL) takes place when individuals plan, monitor and evaluate their own learning experiences. Learning assessment plays a crucial role in this process because it provides an excellent basis for the above three phases of SRL; however, the identification, design and implementation of meaningful assessment activities is not easy and some technological affordances for an SRL-sensitive assessment design still need to be explored. Although Digital Badges are already considered an instrument that could provide good answers to the complex problem of assessment for learning, their potential for SRL support is rather under-explored. This paper puts forward a proposal on the role that Digital Badges can play in supporting SRL. The proposal consists in a “badge ecosystem”, developed for a course on “Scientific Information for Biomedical Research”, aimed at differentiating among different levels of competence to facilitate learners in making better informed decisions on how to go about in their learning process. The conclusions discuss the expected advantages and shortcomings of the proposed ecosystem.
A Hybrid Mobility Solution Method for Dynamically Loaded Misaligned Journal Bearings

This paper presents a hybrid mobility solution approach to the analysis of dynamically loaded misaligned journal bearings. Mobility data obtained for misaligned bearings (calculated from a finite element representation of the Reynolds equation) are compared with existing curve-fitted mobility maps representative of a perfectly aligned bearing. A relative error analysis of mobility magnitude and direction provides a set of misaligned journal bearing configurations (midplane eccentricity ratio and normalized misalignment angle) where existing curve-fitted mobility map components based on aligned bearings can be used to calculate the resulting journal motion. For bearing configurations where these mobility maps are not applicable, the numerical simulation process proceeds using a complete finite element solution of the Reynolds equation. A set of numerical examples representing misaligned main and connecting rod bearings in a four-stroke automotive engine illustrate the hybrid solution method. Substantial savings in computational time are obtained using the hybrid approach over the complete finite element solution method without loss of computational accuracy.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Preparing for an Academic Deanship

Besides the president or chief academic officer roles described in the previous chapter, academic deans are the highest ranking academic officials in an institution. It is the top position some academics aspire to and a stepping stone in the journey of others planning to pursue roles in higher education.
Adolescent Experiences with Death: Letting Go of Immortality

Adolescents increasingly are exposed to death, and the quality of their grief differs from that of adults or children. This article highlights adolescent experiences with death within the context of normative developmental tasks and a consideration of ethnic and gender variations.
Use of Proteomic Imaging Coupled With Transcriptomic Analysis to Identify Biomolecules Responsive to Cochlear Injury

Exposure to noise or ototoxic agents can result in degeneration of cells in the sensory epithelium and auditory nerve, as well as non-sensory cells of the cochlear lateral wall. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to localize and identify proteins in the cochlea that are responsive to noise or ototoxic exposure using a complementary proteo-transcriptomic approach. MALDI imaging of cochlear sections revealed numerous protein signals with distinct cochlear localization patterns in both cochlear injury models, of which six were chosen for further investigation. A query of proteomic databases identified 709 candidates corresponding to m/z scores for the six proteins. An evaluation of mRNA expression data from our previous studies of these injured models indicated that 208 of the candidates were affected in both injury models. Downstream validation analyses yielded proteins with confirmatory distributions and responses to injury. The combined analysis of MALDI imaging with gene expression data provides a new strategy to identify molecular regulators responsive to cochlear injury. This study demonstrates the applicability of MALDI imaging for investigating protein localization and abundance in frozen sections from animals modeling cochlear pathology.
Influence of the geographic distribution of prion protein gene sequence variation on patterns of chronic wasting disease spread in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).

Managing and controlling the spread of diseases in wild animal populations is challenging, especially for social and mobile species. Effective management benefits from information about disease susceptibility, allowing limited resources to be focused on areas or populations with a higher risk of infection. Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that affects cervids, was detected in Colorado in the late 1960s. CWD was detected in Illinois and Wisconsin in 2002 and has since spread through many counties. Specific nucleotide variations in the prion protein gene (PRNP) sequence have been associated with reduced susceptibility to CWD in white-tailed deer. Though genetic resistance is incomplete, the frequency of deer possessing these mutations in a population is an important factor in disease spread (i.e. herd immunity). In this study we sequenced 625 bp of the PRNP gene from a sampling of 2433 deer from Illinois and Wisconsin. In north-central Illinois where CWD was first detected, counties had a low frequency of protective haplotypes (frequency 0.30) was much higher (p < 0.05). Protective haplotype frequencies varied significantly among infected and uninfected geographic areas. The frequency of protective PRNP haplotypes may contribute to population level susceptibility and may shape the way CWD has spread through Illinois. Analysis of PRNP haplotype distribution could be a useful tool to assess CWD risk and allocate resources to contain and reduce the spread of infection.
Design Principles in Biomaterials and Scaffolds

Abstract This chapter introduces general design principles in biomaterials and scaffolds. Previous experiences and selected advances are summarized according to considerations to be taken in scaffold designs to meet the two basic requirements for practicality: efficacy and safety. The manufacturability of scaffolds is also briefly discussed. As limited by the volume of the text, only major aspects in the two categories are covered in this chapter. Readers are welcome to refer to other chapters in this book for more detailed and comprehensive information.
GPU Accelerated Non-Parametric Background Subtraction

Accurate background subtraction is an essential tool for high level computer vision applications. However, as research continues to increase the accuracy of background subtraction algorithms, computational efficiency has often suffered as a result of increased complexity. Consequentially, many sophisticated algorithms are unable to maintain real-time speeds with increasingly high resolution video inputs. To combat this unfortunate reality, we propose to exploit the inherently parallelizable nature of background subtraction algorithms by making use of NVIDIA’s parallel computing platform known as CUDA. By using the CUDA interface to execute parallel tasks in the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), we are able to achieve up to a two orders of magnitude speed up over traditional techniques. Moreover, the proposed GPU algorithm achieves over 8x speed over its CPU-based background subtraction implementation proposed in our previous work [1].
Hope Springs Eternal: An Exploration of Hope at a Local Jail

Prevention and intervention research has indicated the malleability of hope in a variety of populations and the positive impact on treatment outcomes in general clinical settings and substance use treatment. However, despite its prospective role in improving well-being, research on hope is not often situated behind bars. Thus, the current project intended to explore the nature of theory-driven hope discussions for women involved in justice systems. The aim was to maintain and enhance hope, activate positivity, and thereby enhance the quality of life.Four weekly focus group sessions were conducted with women detained at a local jail (n = 23), with discussion prompts based on Snyder’s theory of hope (goal setting, agency thinking, and pathway thinking). Using interactional delivery methods, we emphasized hope among jailed women by: (1) facilitating the development and maintenance of hopeful thinking; (2) developing concrete goals towards rehabilitation and a positive life; (3) enhancing the capacity for dev...
Some Recent and New Techniques for Superfast (Sublinear Cost) Low Rank Approximation

We review and extend our recent superfast (sublinear cost) algorithms for accurate computation of low rank approximation of a matrix.
Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of a Compact Hierarchical Manifold Microchannel Heat Sink Array for Two-Phase Cooling

High-heat-flux removal is critical for the next-generation electronic devices to reliably operate within their temperature limits. A large portion of the thermal resistance in a traditional chip package is caused by thermal resistances at interfaces between the device, heat spreaders, and the heat sink; embedding the heat sink directly into the heat-generating device can eliminate these interface resistances and drastically reduce the overall thermal resistance. Microfluidic cooling within the embedded heat sink improves the heat dissipation, with two-phase operation offering the potential for dissipation of very high heat fluxes while maintaining moderate chip temperatures. To enable multichip stacking and other heterogeneous packaging approaches, it is important to densely integrate all fluid flow paths into the device; volumetric heat dissipation emerges as a performance metric in this new heat sinking paradigm. In this paper, a compact hierarchical manifold microchannel design is presented that utilizes an integrated multilevel manifold distributor to feed coolant to an array of microchannel heat sinks. The flow features in the manifold layers and microchannels are fabricated in silicon wafers using deep reactive-ion etching. The heat source is simulated via Joule heating using thin-film platinum heaters. The on-chip spatial temperature measurements are made using four-wire resistance temperature detectors. The individual manifold layers and the microchannel-bearing wafers are diced and bonded into a sealed stack via thermocompression bonding using gold layers at the mating surfaces. Thermal and hydrodynamic testing is performed by pumping the dielectric fluid HFE-7100 through the device at a known flow rate, temperature, and pressure at different levels of chip heat input. A volumetric heat density of up to 2870 W/cm3 is dissipated at a chip temperature less than 112 °C and microchannel pressure drop less than 27 kPa. The overall pressure drop is governed by flowing through the manifold, rather than the microchannels, in this compact heat sink that occupies envelope of 5 mm $\times 5$ mm $\times2.3$ mm including all the functional flow features.
IMPAIRED AWARENESS OF HYPOGLYCEMIA CONTINUES TO BE A RISK FACTOR FOR SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIA DESPITE THE USE OF CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING SYSTEM IN TYPE 1 DIABETES.

ABSTRACT Objective: Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) is a risk factor for severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) not using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system. The current study investigated the prevalence of IAH and its relationship with severe hypoglycemia in T1D patients using CGM systems. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study enrolled 135 patients with T1D and ongoing real-time CGM use. A survey was conducted to assess hypoglycemia awareness with the Gold, Clarke, and Pedersen-Bjergaard questionnaires and the 6-month history of severe hypoglycemia. Other diabetes histories and the CGM glucose data were collected. Results: The Gold, Clarke, and Pedersen-Bjergaard questionnaires demonstrated the overall prevalence of IAH/abnormal awareness to be 33.3%, 43.7%, and 77.0%, respectively. Participant age and duration of T1D were consistently related to IAH or hypoglycemia unawareness with all three questionnaires (P 6 months, 24.5% were found to have at least one episode of severe hypoglycemia in the preceding 6 months. IAH identified by the Gold and Clarke questionnaires and hypoglycemia unawareness identified by the Pedersen-Bjergaard questionnaire were related to 6-, 4.63-, and 5.83-fold increased risk of severe hypoglycemia (P = .001, .004, and .013), respectively. IAH identified by the Gold/Clarke questionnaires was associated with a longer duration of CGM glucose Conclusion: IAH is highly prevalent and related to a higher risk for severe hypoglycemia in T1D patients using CGM. Abbreviations: CGM = continuous glucose monitoring; CI = confidence interval; HAAF = hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1C; IAH = impaired awareness of hypoglycemia; T1D = type 1 diabetes
Property rights and rural justice: A study of U.S. right-to-farm laws

Abstract Are property rights merely a tool of the market economy, disempowering those with the least in rural places and further lining the pockets of those with the most? Most rural scholarship, on the aggregate, argues that yes, property rights dispossess the many in favor of the few. We, though, find the situation to be much more nuanced in our analysis of U.S. right-to-farm laws, the first of its kind. An overlooked dimension of property rights—the capacity to claim trespass on property through nuisance—enables rural people to defend their rights to clean air and water and the use and enjoyment of their property in the face of large-scale, industrial agricultural operators. Our analysis of statutes in all 50 U.S. states finds that right-to-farm laws, while largely purported to defend family farmers, reduce rural people's capacity to protect their land through nuisance actions in defense of their environmental, health, and community rights. We argue that property rights, when properly protected from nuisance, can help rural people push back against the market economy in defense of their health and environmental rights when other political means falter. Recognizing as much helps reveal a relationship between property rights and justice that currently is overlooked by rural scholars.
A stepwise analysis of the diagnostic algorithm for the prediction of malignancy in thyroid nodules

Abstract Background The evaluation of the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules involves clinical factors, sonographic characteristics, cytopathology, and molecular profiling. Altogether, this algorithm can be costly and time consuming. We evaluated the stepwise contribution of each diagnostic step toward an accurate prediction of malignancy. Methods A retrospective study of dominant nodules of 137 patients who underwent surgical excision was performed. A baseline logistic regression model for predicting malignancy was regressed on clinical factors. In a stepwise fashion, the 2015 American Thyroid Association ultrasound risk stratification, Bethesda classification of fine-needle aspiration biopsies, and molecular profiling were added to the baseline model and the significance of each step analyzed using likelihood ratio test. Receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated for each model. Results The addition of American Thyroid Association risk stratification and Bethesda classification to preceding models were statistically significant (P Conclusion Clinical factors, sonographic characteristics, and cytopathology are sufficiently accurate in predicting malignancy risk of most thyroid nodules.
The distribution and mitochondrial genotype of the hydroid Aglaophenia latecarinata is correlated with its pelagic Sargassum substrate type in the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic Ocean

The pelagic brown macroalga Sargassum supports rich biological communities in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic region, including a variety of epiphytic invertebrates that grow on the Sargassum itself. The thecate hydroid Aglaophenia latecarinata is commonly found growing on some, but not all, Sargassum forms. In this study, we examined the relationship between A. latecarinata and its pelagic Sargassum substrate across a broad geographic area over the course of 4 years (2015-2018). The distribution of the most common Sargassum forms that we observed (Sargassum fluitans III and S. natans VIII) was consistent with the existence of distinct source regions for each. We found that A. latecarinata hydroids were abundant on both S. natans VIII and S. fluitans III, and also noted a rare observation of A. latecarinata on S. natans I. For the hydroids on S. natans VIII and S. fluitans III, hydroid mitochondrial genotype was strongly correlated with the Sargassum substrate form. We found significant population genetic structure in the hydroids, which was also consistent with the distributional patterns of the Sargassum forms. These results suggest that hydroid settlement on the Sargassum occurs in type-specific Sargassum source regions. Hydroid species identification is challenging and cryptic speciation is common in the Aglaopheniidae. Therefore, to confirm our identification of A. latecarinata, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis that showed that while the genus Aglaophenia was not monophyletic, all A. latecarinata haplotypes associated with pelagic Sargassum belonged to the same clade and were likely the same species as previously published sequences from Florida, Central America, and one location in Brazil (Sao Sebastiao). A nominal A. latecarinata sequence from a second Brazilian location (Alagoas) likely belongs to a different species.
Neurofibromatosis type 1: New developments in genetics and treatment.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is the most common neurocutaneous syndrome, with a frequency of 1 in 2500 persons. Diagnosis is paramount in the pretumor stage to provide proper anticipatory guidance for a number of neoplasms, both benign and malignant. Loss-of-function mutations in the NF1 gene result in truncated and nonfunctional production of neurofibromin, a tumor suppressor protein involved in downregulating the RAS signaling pathway. New therapeutic and preventive options include tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, interferons, and radiofrequency therapy. This review summarizes recent updates in genetics, mutation analysis assays, and treatment options targeting aberrant genetic pathways. We also propose modified diagnostic criteria and provide an algorithm for surveillance of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.
The Interaction of Migrating Liquid Inclusions with Grain Boundaries in Solids

A liquid droplet on a planar grain boundary in a solid is in a position of minimum energy since the grain boundary area must increase if the droplet moves away. Thus a droplet migrating through a polycrystalline solid may either penetrate or be trapped by a grain boundary, depending on whether or not the applied driving force on the droplet is sufficient to propel the droplet out of the energy valley associated with a grain boundary.
Development of Vehicle-following Behavior for Automated Vehicle Systems

SUMMARY Automation of vehicular traffic in different forms has been considered by many people. It offers many advantages. Vehicular traffic dynamics for automated vehicle systems are developed here using calculus of variations and optimal control theory. Using such an optimization approach, the relationship of the traffic dynamics developed here and the traffic dynamics which have been used extensively before for non-automated systems is also shown. Such an approach considers multiple objective functions for the system.
Circulating hybrid cells predict presence of occult nodal metastases in oral cavity carcinoma

Background Levels of circulating hybrid cells (CHCs), a newly identified circulating tumor cell (CTC), correlate with disease stage and progression in cancer. We investigated their utility to risk-stratify patients with clinically N0 (cN0) oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC), and to identify patients with occult cervical lymph node metastases (pN+). Methods We analyzed peripheral blood samples for CHCs with co-expression of cytokeratin (tumor) and CD45 (leukocyte) from 22 patients with cN0 OCSCC using immunofluorescence microscopy, then correlated levels with pathologic lymph node status. Results CHC levels exceeded CTCs and correlated with the presence of both clinically overt (p = 0.002) and occult nodal metastases (p = 0.006). Conclusions For evaluated cN0 OCSCC patients, those with cN0 → pN+ status harbored elevated CHC levels compared to patients without occult disease. Our findings highlight a promising blood-based biologic assay with potential utility to determine the necessity of surgical neck dissection for staging and treatment.
International Asset Allocation under Regime Switching, Skew and Kurtosis Preferences ∗

This paper proposes a new tractable approach to solving asset allocation problems in situations with a large number of risky assets which pose problems for standard approaches. Investor preferences are assumed to be defined over moments of the wealth distribution such as its mean, variance, skew and kurtosis. Time-variations in investment opportunities are represented by a flexible regime switching process. In the context of a four-moment international CAPM specification that relates stock returns in five regions to returns on a global market portfolio, we find evidence of distinct bull and bear states. Ignoring regimes, an unhedged US investor’s optimal portfolio is strongly diversified internationally. The presence of regimes in the return distribution leads to a large increase in the investor’s optimal holdings of US stocks as does the introduction of skew and kurtosis preferences. Our paper therefore offers an explanation of the strong home bias observed in US investors’ asset allocation based on regime switching and skew and kurtosis preferences.
Photonic Resonator Interferometric Scattering Microscope for Single Molecule Characterization

We developed photonic resonator interferometric scattering microscopy for the label-free detection of nano-objects at low illumination density using a non-immersion objective. Photonic crystals are utilized as the imaging substrates to enhance the intrinsic scattering signal.
Nuclear Dynamics and Chromatin Structure: Implications for Pancreatic Cancer.

Changes in nuclear shape have been extensively associated with the dynamics and functionality of cancer cells. In most normal cells, nuclei have a regular ellipsoid shape and minimal variation in nuclear size; however, an irregular nuclear contour and abnormal nuclear size is often observed in cancer, including pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, alterations in nuclear morphology have become the ‘gold standard’ for tumor staging and grading. Beyond the utility of altered nuclear morphology as a diagnostic tool in cancer, the implications of altered nuclear structure for the biology and behavior of cancer cells are profound as changes in nuclear morphology could impact cellular responses to physical strain, adaptation during migration, chromatin organization, and gene expression. Here, we aim to highlight and discuss the factors that regulate nuclear dynamics and their implications for pancreatic cancer biology.
Madame de Charrière et la révolution des idées

Madame de Charriere a ecrit au cours d'une periode ou la Revolution francaise de 1789 etait consideree avec grand optimisme comme la Revolution des idees puisqu'elle adoptait officiellement les concepts de liberte, egalite, fraternite qui devaient s'etendre egalement aux femmes. Ainsi, elle a participe au debat intellectuel au moyen de ses pamphlets et essais politiques, de ses romans, nouvelles et pieces. Madame de Charriere et la Revolution des idees avance le double projet d'examiner les idees de Mme de Charriere pendant la Revolution francaise et d'etudier particulierement leur caractere revolutionnaire et innovateur. La problematique de l'effet auteur occupe une place importante dans l'analyse du role de Mme de Charriere en tant que femme auteur qui choisit d'ecrire sur la Revolution francaise. Ses romans tels que Trois Femmes deviennent des dramatisations textuelles de l'effet auteur, des inscriptions de l'auteur au sein du texte.
Pectus excavatum: Benefit of randomization.

Abstract Background Minimally invasive bar repair for pectus patients produces substantial pain which dictates the post-operative hospital course. We have data from 2 randomized trials comparing epidural catheter placement to patient controlled analgesia. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients who were enrolled in the trials to those that did not participate in the trials. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on patients not enrolled in the trials to compare to the prospective datasets from October 2006 to June 2014. Perioperative outcomes were examined. Results There were 135 patients in a study protocol (IS) and 195 patients that were not enrolled in a study (OS). Comparing the entire IS and OS groups, length of stay was less in the IS group, as was time to regular diet. Average pain scores, operative time and complication rates were not significantly different between the groups. Of the IS patients a significantly lower number of patients had epidural failure, requiring substitution of a PCA for pain control. Conclusions There are benefits derived from participating in our randomized trials comparing epidural to patient controlled analgesia after bar placement for pectus excavatum regardless of which arm is utilized.
Properties of the genome in normal and SV40 transformed WI38 human diploid fibroblasts. II. Metabolism and binding of histones.

Abstract Composition, metabolism and extractability of histone fractions from WI38 human diploid fibroblasts and SV40 transformed WI38 fibroblasts are compared. Two alternate procedures were used for isolation of nuclei which allow for either optimal recovery of arginine-rich histones F3 (III) and F2a1 (IV) or for optimal retention of lysine-rich F1 (I) and slightly lysine rich F2b (II b2). While the relative amount of each histone fraction was found to be similar in normal and SV40 transformed cells, substantial increases in the levels of F 3 acetylation and F1 and F2a2 phosphorylation are reported for the histones of SV40 transformed cells. Differences in extractability of arginine-rich histones with 0.25 M HCl are also reported. While F 3 is extracted more rapidly than F 2a1 from nuclei of normal WI38 fibroblasts, the reverse is true in SV40 transformed WI38 cells. These differences are discussed in relation to modification reactions, binding of histones to DNA and SV40-induced alterations in gene readout.
A Translational Roadmap for Mending the Mind

Stuss, D. T., Winocur, G., & Robertson, I. H. (2008). Cognitive Neurorehabilitation: Evidence and application. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 624 pp. (ISBN-13: 9780521871334). $162.00 I...
Government 2.0: An exploratory study of social networking services in Japanese local government

Purpose – Researchers have argued that social networks within a community have positive effects on people's behavior in disasters. The Japanese government is testing online SNS at the municipal level with the intention to improve community building, democratic processes, and disaster management. This paper seeks to explore the use of social networking services (SNSs) in government and disaster in Japan.Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on a literature review of social capital, social support, disaster, and social software. Two exploratory case studies of local government SNS in Yatsushiro city, Kumamoto prefecture and Nagaoka city, Niigata prefecture provide empirical evidence. Consequently, the role of local SNS for social capital development and disaster is discussed.Findings – Yatsushiro's solution seems to be sustainable, Nagaoka's SNS is in decline. Both have to compete with popular SNS like Mixi and lack critical mass. There are some indications that government‐initiated SNS helps to...
Vascular superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production and oxidative stress resistance in two closely related rodent species with disparate longevity.

Summary Vascular aging is characterized by increased oxidative stress, impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and enhanced apoptotic cell death. The oxidative stress hypothesis of aging predicts that vascular cells of long-lived species exhibit lower production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or superior resistance to oxidative stress. We tested this hypothesis using two taxonomically related rodents, the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) and the house mouse (Mus musculus), that show a more than twofold difference in maximum lifespan potential (MLSP = 8 and 3.5 years, respectively). We compared interspecies differences in endothelial superoxide () and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, NAD(P)H oxidase activity, mitochondrial ROS generation, expression of pro- and antioxidant enzymes, NO production, and resistance to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. In aortas of P. leucopus, NAD(P)H oxidase expression and activity, endothelial and H2O2 production, and ROS generation by mitochondria were less than in mouse vessels. In P. leucopus, there was a more abundant expression of catalase, glutathione peroxidase 1 and hemeoxygenase-1, whereas expression of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD was similar in both species. NO production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression was greater in P. leucopus. In mouse aortas, treatment with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) elicited substantial oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and endothelial apoptosis (assessed by TUNEL assay, DNA fragmentation and caspase 3 activity assays). According to our prediction, vessels of P. leucopus were more resistant to the proapoptotic effects of oxidative stressors (oxLDL and H2O2). Primary fibroblasts from P. leucopus also exhibited less H2O2-induced DNA damage (comet assay) than mouse cells. Thus, increased lifespan potential in P. leucopus is associated with a decreased cellular ROS generation and increased oxidative stress resistance, which accords with the prediction of the oxidative stress hypothesis of aging.
Regulation of gene expression in human tendinopathy

Chronic tendon injuries, also known as tendinopathies, are common among professional and recreational athletes. These injuries result in a significant amount of morbidity and health care expenditure, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms leading to tendinopathy. We have used histological evaluation and molecular profiling to determine gene expression changes in 23 human patients undergoing surgical procedures for the treatment of chronic tendinopathy. Diseased tendons exhibit altered extracellular matrix, fiber disorientation, increased cellular content and vasculature, and the absence of inflammatory cells. Global gene expression profiling identified 983 transcripts with significantly different expression patterns in the diseased tendons. Global pathway analysis further suggested altered expression of extracellular matrix proteins and the lack of an appreciable inflammatory response. Identification of the pathways and genes that are differentially regulated in tendinopathy samples will contribute to our understanding of the disease and the development of novel therapeutics.
Reactivity of a Co(I) [N2P2] complex with azides: evidence for a transient Co(III) imido species

The synthesis of a monomeric Co(i) complex supported by a multidentate monoanionic [N(2)P(2)] ligand is described; interaction with aryl azides at low temperature generates a species whose reactivity is consistent with imido ("Co[double bond, length as m-dash]NR") character.
Site Management of Health Issues in the 2001 World Trade Center Disaster

The terrorist destruction of the World Trade Center led to the greatest loss of life from a criminal incident in the history of the United States. There were 2,801 persons killed or missing at the disaster site, including 147 dead on two hijacked aircraft. Hundreds of buildings sustained direct damage or contamination. Forty different agencies responded with command and control exercised by an incident command system as well as an emergency operations center. Dozens of hazards complicated relief and recovery efforts. Five victims were rescued from the rubble. Up to 1,000 personnel worked daily at the World Trade Center disaster site. These workers collectively made an average of 270 daily presentations to health care providers in the first month post-disaster. Of presentations for clinical symptoms, leading clinical diagnoses were ocular injuries, headaches, and lung injuries. Mechanical injury accounted for 39% of clinical presentations and appeared preventable by personal protective equipment. Limitations emerged in the site application of emergency triage and clinical care. Notable assets in the site management of health issues include action plans from the incident command system, geographic information system products, wireless application technology, technical consensus among health and safety authorities, and workers' respite care.
Identification and characterization of polyclonal αβ-T cells with dendritic cell properties

An efficient immune response requires coordination between innate and adaptive immunity, which act through cells different in origin and function. Here we report the identification of thymus-derived αβ-T-cell receptor+ cells that express CD11c and major histocompatibility complex class II, and require FLT3 ligand for development (T(DC)). T(DC) express genes heretofore found uniquely in T cells or dendritic cells, as well as a distinctive signature of cytotoxicity-related genes. Unlike other innate T-cell subsets, T(DC) have a polyclonal T-cell receptor repertoire and respond to cognate antigens. However, they differ from conventional T cells in that they do not require help from antigen-presenting cells, respond to Toll-like receptor-mediated stimulation by producing interleukin-12 and process and present antigen. The physiological relevance of T(DC), found in mice and humans, is still under investigation, but the fact that they combine key features of T and dendritic cells suggests that they provide a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems.
Is love a "basic" emotion?

This article documents the neglect of love in many contemporary emotion theories, despite its prominence in the lay psychology of emotion. We argue that love should be considered a basic emotion, like anger, sadness, happiness, and fear. We discuss the criteria that various theorists use to distinguish basic from nonbasic emotions, and we marshal arguments and evidence from a variety of sources suggesting that love fits the criteria for basicness. We conclude that a number of controversies over the status of love can be resolved by distinguishing between the momentary surge form of love, a basic emotion having properties similar to joy, sadness, fear, etc., and relational love, a bond that develops between people, associated with states that include not only surge love, but many other emotions such as distress and anxiety. Finally, we suggest that “love” is the broad, everyday name for emotions related to three interrelated behavioral systems discussed by Bowlby (1979): attachment, caregiving, and sex.
A system for interactive volume analysis (SIVA) of 4-D biomedical images

We have developed a powerful new microcomputer-based system that permits detailed investigations and evaluation of 3-D and 4-D (dynamic 3-D) biomedical images. The system comprises a special work station to which all the information in a large 3-D image database is accessible for rapid display, manipulation, and measurement. The system provides important capabilities for simultaneously representing and analyzing both structural and functional data and their relationships in various organs of the body. This paper provides a detailed description of this sophisticated system, as well as the rationale, background, theoretical concepts, and practical considerations related to implementation of even more advanced capabilities for interactive display and analysis of 4-D biomedical images.
Antiprogestins Mediate Differential Effects on Glucocorticoid Receptor Remodeling of Chromatin Structure

We examined the mechanism(s) by which the progesterone receptor (PR) is able to inhibit glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation from the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter in vivo. Using specific hormone antagonists, we demonstrate that the PR complexed with an type II antiprogestin blocks glucocorticoid-induced activation of the MMTV promoter. However, when complexed with a type I antiprogestin the PR is unable to block glucocorticoid-induced activation. PR repression of GR activity results from the inhibition of the ability of the GR to remodel chromatin such that the antiprogestin-occupied/PR prevents the glucocorticoid induced assembly of a preinitiation complex at MMTV promoter. These experiments suggest that the specific chromatin organization of the MMTV promoter provides a mechanism for regulating cross-talk between the GR and PR in vivo.
Unilateral Renal Hemodynamics and Characteristics of Dye-Dilution Curves in Patients with Essential Hypertension and Renal Disease

To gain information concerning cardiorenal hemodynamics in essential hypertension, renal vascular disease, and chronic glomerulonephritis, indocyanine green was used to determine renal blood flow (RBF), renal blood volume (RBV), mean transit time (MTT), appearance time (AT), buildup time (BT), and passage time (PT), in 83 kidneys of 47 hypertensive patients and eight volunteers. Cardiac output (CO) was concurrently measured. Dye, injected into the renal artery, while renal venous blood was drawn through a cuvette densitometer, gave a reproducible curve within 7.7%±2% with multi-exponential washout. RBF (dye) agreed closely (dye/PAH ratio=1.04) with para-aminohippurate (PAH) estimated renal blood flow in 18 kidneys. The RBF and RBV were significantly higher in patients with essential hypertension with high cardiac output than in those with normal cardiac output and were reduced significantly in patients with renal vascular diseases, although CO was the same. The contour of dye curves differed between the various diseases due to significant differences in BT and PT. AT and BT were significantly prolonged in patients with malignant hypertension, renal artery stenosis, and chronic glomerulonephritis. BT was significantly shorter in essential hypertensives than in normals. PT and MTT were significantly longer in malignant hypertensive, renal artery stenosis, and chronic glomerulonephritis groups. Passage time was significantly longer in glomerulonephritics than in nephrosclerotics. The procedure has value for the study of human renal circulation.
Reversible Protection and Reactive Patterning of Amine- and Hydroxyl-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold Surfaces for the Fabrication of Biopolymer Arrays

The reversible protection of amine- and hydroxyl-terminated alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold surfaces using the base-labile protecting group 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) and the acid-labile protecting group dimethoxytrityl (DMT) is described. When used in combination with UV photopatterning or μ-contact printing techniques, this reversible SAM protection chemistry can be used to control the reactivity and wettability of different portions of the surface. Such spatial control is utilized in the fabrication of DNA arrays. Specifically, gold surfaces modified with the amine-terminated alkanethiol 11-mercaptoundecylamine (MUAM) are reacted with an N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester derivative of Fmoc, forming a covalent urethane (carbamate) linkage and converting the initially hydrophilic MUAM surface to a hydrophobic, Fmoc-terminated surface. Upon exposure of the Fmoc-modified surface to a solution of a secondary amine, the Fmoc is cleaved, regenerating the original hydrophilic MUAM su...