cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The dynamic allocation of attention to emotion: Simultaneous and independent evidence from the late positive potential and steady state visual evoked potentials

Emotional stimuli capture and hold attention without explicit instruction. The late positive potential (LPP) component of the event related potential can be used to track motivated attention toward emotional stimuli, and is larger for emotional compared to neutral pictures. In the frequency domain, the steady state visual evoked potential (ssVEP) has also been used to track attention to stimuli flickering at a particular frequency. Like the LPP, the ssVEP is also larger for emotional compared to neutral pictures. Prior work suggests that both the LPP and ssVEP are sensitive to "top-down" manipulations of attention, however the LPP and ssVEP have not previously been examined using the same attentional manipulation in the same participants. In the present study, LPP and ssVEP amplitudes were simultaneously elicited by unpleasant and neutral pictures. Partway through picture presentation, participants' attention was directed toward an arousing or non-arousing region of unpleasant pictures. In line with prior work, the LPP was reduced when attention was directed toward non-arousing compared to arousing regions of unpleasant pictures; similar results were observed for the ssVEP. Thus, both electrocortical measures index affective salience and are sensitive to directed (here: spatial) attention. Variation in the LPP and ssVEP was unrelated, suggesting that these measures are not redundant with each other and may capture different neurophysiological aspects of affective stimulus processing and attention.
Muscle transfers for irreparable rotator cuff tears

Abstract Muscle transfers can yield favorable clinical results in selected patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears. For anterior superior cuff tears the sternocostal portion of the pectoralis under the conjoined tendon is the author’s preferred technique. For the posterior superior cuff tear the latissimus dorsi transfer is preferred. The transfers often provide improvement in function and pain but do not restore normal shoulder function.
O-150 Uniform Definitions Of Respiratory Incidents In Newborn Infants

Background and aims Respiratory incidents are a common problem in preterm infants. There is no uniform and international accepted definition of the ways these incidents presents themselves nor of the ways infants are handled by nurses to recover from such an incident. Methods First a study of the literature was performed. Secondly a survey with open ended questions was conducted among Intensive Care Neonatal nurses and doctors of the NICU in the Emma Children’s’ Hospital/Academic Medical Centre. Respondents were asked to describe a respirator incident as well as duration (short or long) and intensity (mild or intense) of the handling of the incident and the presentation (isolated, cluster or prolonged) of incident. Thirdly descriptions were formulated and an attempt for consensus was executed. Results Response rate for the consensus part was 69 (94% female and 80% nurses). Thirty-five percent was attached to the NICU for less than five years, 30% between five and 15 years and 35% for more than 15 years. Consensus was reached on the description of a respirator incident (72.5%), on handling of an incident concerning duration; short- (73.9%), long- (79.7%), mild- (84.1%) and intense stimulation (84.0%) as well as on the presentation of an incident; isolated- (72.5%), clustered- (76.8%) or persistent incident (84.1%). Conclusions Implementation of the descriptions formulated in this study could lead to a more common language among professionals in the care of the preterm infant suffering from respiratory insufficiency. Professionals speaking the same language will result in a better quality of care.
Transposition of Tn1545-delta 3 in the pathogenic Neisseriae: a genetic tool for mutagenesis.

The ability to study the virulence of pathogenic Neisseria spp. has been greatly limited by the absence of genetic tools which allow the construction of defined mutants. We have engineered a transposon system which allows random mutagenesis of the Neisseria genome at relatively high frequency. Tn1545-delta 3 is a 3.4-kb derivative of the gram-positive transposon Tn1545 encoding resistance to kanamycin. Tn1545-delta 3 was subcloned into an erythromycin-resistant derivative of the mobilizable shuttle vector pLES2 to yield the plasmid pMGC20. This latter plasmid was introduced by conjugation from Escherichia coli S17-1 into Neisseria meningitidis 8013N and Neisseria gonorrhoeae 15063G. Kanamycin-resistant 8013N and 15063G transconjugants appeared at frequencies of 10(-5) and 10(-6), respectively. Restriction enzyme analysis and Southern blot hybridization of these transconjugants showed that, in Neisseria spp., the transposon excised spontaneously from pMGC20 and integrated into chromosomal DNA. Our studies revealed that (i) transposition of Tn1545-delta 3 was in numerous, apparently distinct sites, (ii) in most cases, for each transconjugant a single copy of Tn1545-delta 3 was integrated into the chromosome, and (iii) several passages on selective media did not induce secondary transposition. The kanamycin resistance marker expressed by the transconjugants was subsequently transformed into a parental background without change in the chromosomal location of the transposon. To assess the role of the general recombination system in the transposition of Tn1545-delta 3, the recA gene of N. meningitidis has been cloned and a rec derivative of 8013N has been engineered. Similar results were obtained when this latter strain was used as recipient, suggesting that recA function were not required for Tn1545-delta 3 transposition in N. meningitidis. Transposition with Tn1545-delta 3 may be an important technique for mutagenesis of the pathogenic neisseriae. Images
Validation of IVA Computer Code for Flow Boiling Stability Analysis

IVA is a computer code for modeling of transient multiphase, multi-component, non-equilibrium flows in arbitrary geometry including flow boiling in 3D nuclear reactors. This work presents part of the verification procedure of the code. We analyze the stability of flow boiling in natural circulation loop. Experimental results collected on the AREVA/FANP KATHY loop regarding frequencies, mass flows and decay ratio of the oscillations are used for comparison. The comparison demonstrates the capability of the code to successfully simulate such class of processes.Copyright © 2006 by ASME
Explicit estimating equations for semiparametric generalized linear latent variable models

Summary. We study generalized linear latent variable models without requiring a distributional assumption of the latent variables. Using a geometric approach, we derive consistent semiparametric estimators. We demonstrate that these models have a property which is similar to that of a sufficient complete statistic, which enables us to simplify the estimating procedure and explicitly to formulate the semiparametric estimating equations. We further show that the explicit estimators have the usual root n consistency and asymptotic normality. We explain the computational implementation of our method and illustrate the numerical performance of the estimators in finite sample situations via extensive simulation studies. The advantage of our estimators over the existing likelihood approach is also shown via numerical comparison. We employ the method to analyse a real data example from economics.
RSFQ: What we know and what we don't

Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) Josephson-junction technology is capable of processing digital data at sub-terahertz frequencies while dissipating almost negligible power. At the present time one can routinely simulate, optimize, design, manufacture, and test an elementary RSFQ logic/memory cell consisting of dozens of Josephson junctions. Furthermore, a number of relatively complex (few hundred to few thousand Josephson junctions) digital circuits were designed and successfully tested. Moreover we know how to implement several RSFQ systems (including analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters, digital SQUIDs for supersensitive magnetometry, and digital autocorrelator for radioastronomy) which would far outperform their currently available and even prospective semiconductor counterparts. In order to implement more complex RSFQ systems, including high-performance digital signal processors and general purpose computers there are a number of technical problems to solve. The issues include making full use of on-chip sub-terahertz processing in conditions when inter-chip data/clock exchange speed is bound by bandwidth of the order of a few Gbps/pin. I present the current know-how of the field, and formulate the questions that need to be solved before the RSFQ technology becomes a major workhorse of high-performance computation.
Nanostructured Probes for RNA Detection in Living Cells

The ability to visualize in real-time the expression level and localization of specific RNAs in living cells can offer tremendous opportunities for biological and disease studies. Here we review the recent development of nanostructured oligonucleotide probes for living cell RNA detection, and discuss the biological and engineering issues and challenges of quantifying gene expression in vivo. In particular, we describe methods that use dual FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) or single molecular beacons in combination with peptide-based or membrane-permeabilization-based delivery, to image the relative level, localization, and dynamics of RNA in live cells. Examples of detecting endogenous mRNAs, as well as imaging their subcellular localization and colocalization are given to illustrate the biological applications, and issues in molecular beacon design, probe delivery, and target accessibility are discussed. The nanostructured probes promise to open new and exciting opportunities in sensitive gene detection for a wide range of biological and medical applications.
The “Ought” Premise of Moral Psychology and the Importance of the Ethical “Ideal”:

Researchers’ interest in the psychology of ethics has increased dramatically in the last 20 years. Because of the influence of “modern” moral philosophy on psychology, what has received most attent...
Origination and extinction components of taxonomic diversity: general problems

Abstract Mathematical modeling of cladogenesis and fossil preservation is used to explore the expected behavior of commonly used measures of taxonomic diversity and taxonomic rates with respect to interval length, quality of preservation, position of interval in a stratigraphic succession, and taxonomic rates themselves. Particular attention is focused on the independent estimation of origination and extinction rates. Modeling supports intuitive and empirical arguments that single-interval taxa, being especially sensitive to variation in preservation and interval length, produce many undesirable distortions of the fossil record. It may generally be preferable to base diversity and rate measures on estimated numbers of taxa extant at single points in time rather than to adjust conventional interval-based measures by discarding single-interval taxa. A combination of modeling and empirical analysis of fossil genera supports two major trends in marine animal evolution. (1) The Phanerozoic decline in taxonomic...
Effect of Steroid Therapy on Ischaemic Brain Oedema and Blood to Brain Sodium Transport

Dexamethasone has been shown in some studies to reduce ischaemic brain oedema, however, the mechanism is unknown. One possible mechanism is through inhibition of active transport of sodium across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) since some steroids, especially progesterone, inhibit sodium transport in isolated brain capillaries. Therefore, we measured brain oedema and BBB permeability to sodium and a passive permeability tracer, α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB), 4 hr after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats that had been treated 1 hr before MCAO with vehicle (control) or 2 mg/kg of either dexamethasone or progesterone. In controls, the water content of tissue in the center of the ischaemic zone was 82.4 ± 0.2%. Brain oedema was significantly reduced following pretreatment with either dexamethasone (80.6 ± 0.1, p < 0.001) or progesterone (81.5 ± 0.3, p < 0.05). Both steroids also reduced BBB permeability to AIB by about 40% in normal brain but to a lesser extent in ischaemic brain. In contrast, steroid treatment had no effect on BBB permeability to sodium in either normal or ischaemic brain. We conclude that pretreatment with dexamethasone and progesterone reduces brain oedema accumulation during the early stages of ischaemia, however, this effect does not result from a reduction in BBB permeability to sodium.
Bayesian model updating using incomplete modal data without mode matching

This study investigates a new probabilistic strategy for model updating using incomplete modal data. A hierarchical Bayesian inference is employed to model the updating problem. A Markov chain Monte Carlo technique with adaptive random-work steps is used to draw parameter samples for uncertainty quantification. Mode matching between measured and predicted modal quantities is not required through model reduction. We employ an iterated improved reduced system technique for model reduction. The reduced model retains the dynamic features as close as possible to those of the model before reduction. The proposed algorithm is finally validated by an experimental example.
Single-Incision Technique for Repair of Distal Biceps Tendon Avulsions With Intramedullary Cortical Button

Patients who experience distal biceps tendon avulsions generally benefit from surgical intervention. Compared with nonoperative treatment, surgery has shown improved muscle endurance as well as increased flexion and supination strength. Although a number of surgical techniques exist, repair of the distal biceps through a single incision is gaining popularity. This may be due in part to patient preference and emerging technologies such as cortical button fixation, suture anchors, and intraosseous screws. In this report, we present a simple technique for anatomically repairing distal biceps injuries using an intramedullary tenodesis button. This technique has the benefit of using a single unicortical drill hole in the radius while allowing the surgeon to sequentially tighten the tendon to its desired level of tension. When appropriate surgical steps are followed, it can be completed in a reliable, safe, and efficient manner through a single incision.
Gay Teens and Substance Use Disorders: Assessment and Treatment

Abstract Substance use is very common among adolescents with as many as 50% reporting use of illicit substances and 80% reporting use of alcohol by their senior year of high school. Gay and lesbian teens are reported to be at greater risk for substance use. Stress mediates this increased risk due to the contradiction of needing to establish an integrated sense of self, while doing so runs the risk of peer and family rejection, fears for personal safety, and the ongoing experience of homophobic remarks and jokes that are common in today's high schools. Assessment for substance abuse in adolescents needs to be comprehensive, documenting a patient's sexual history, his or her stage in the coming out process, and issues of safety at home, school and the community. Gay-sensitive treatment planning can facilitate greater treatment compliance and abstinence.
A multiple model filtering approach to transmission line fault diagnosis

Abstract This paper provides justification and implementation for a multiple model filtering approach to diagnosis of transmission line three-phase short to ground faults in the presence of protection misoperations. This approach utilizes the electric network dynamics and wide area measurements to provide diagnosis outcomes. A second focus of this paper is on the reduction of computational complexity of the diagnosis algorithm. This issue is addressed by a two-step heuristic. The first step designs subsystem models through measurement selection. The second step reduces the dynamic model order. The performance of the diagnosis algorithms are evaluated on a simulated WSCC 9-bus system.
ALLOCATION OF THE SECOND-STAGE SAMPLING UNITS IN TWO STAGE SAMPLING

Recently, Schneeberger. H considered allocations of the second-stage sampling units in two stage sampling according to simple random method at both stages. In this paper, we consider allocations of the second-stage sampling units in two-stage sampling according to unequal probability method at first stage and simple random method at second stage. We compare the variations of the estimators for the population total with various allocations of the second-stage sampling units, indicating optimum allocation of the second-stage sampling units and respective gains in precision.
Peptic ulcer: an overview of diagnosis.

The primary tool for obtaining confirmation of ulcer disease is still the barium x-ray, but the new double-contrast method is preferred. The adjunctive, but important, role of endoscopy is also discussed, with guidelines for its most effective use.
Recessive Osteogenesis Imperfecta Due to Mutations in CRTAP, LEPRE1 and PPIB

Mutations in the prolyl 3-hydroxylation complex member, CRTAP, were first described in a rare form of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI type VII) and in a recessively inherited form of OI type III. They highlighted the significance of this post-translational modification in the pathogenesis of recessive OI. Since this initial discovery, patients with mutations in all three genes encoding the proteins that form the prolyl 3-hydroxylase complex, LEPRE1, CRTAP, and PPIB, have been identified. Studies in humans and mice have also shown that in addition to its role as a prolyl 3-hydroxylase, the complex also functions as a cis-trans isomerase and a collagen chaperone. The focus of this chapter is to provide a historical perspective of the discoveries pertaining to the prolyl 3-hydroxylation complex and what we have learned about the contribution of the complex towards the pathogenesis of disease.
Obesity, diet quality, physical activity, and the built environment: the need for behavioral pathways.

The built environment (BE) is said to influence local obesity rates. Few studies have explored causal pathways between home-neighborhood BE variables and health outcomes such as obesity. Such pathways are likely to involve both physical activity and diet. The Seattle Obesity Study (SOS II) was a longitudinal cohort of 440 adult residents of King Co, WA. Home addresses were geocoded. Home-neighborhood BE measures were framed as counts and densities of food sources and physical activity locations. Tax parcel property values were obtained from County tax assessor. Healthy Eating Index (HEI 2010) scores were constructed using data from food frequency questionnaires. Physical activity (PA) was obtained by self-report. Weights and heights were measured at baseline and following 12 months’ exposure. Multivariable regressions examined the associations among BE measures at baseline, health behaviors (HEI-2010 and physical activity) at baseline, and health outcome both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. None of the conventional neighborhood BE metrics were associated either with diet quality, or with meeting PA guidelines. Only higher property values did predict better diets and more physical activity. Better diets and more physical activity were associated with lower obesity prevalence at baseline and 12 mo, but did not predict weight change. Any links between the BE and health outcomes critically depend on establishing appropriate behavioral pathways. In this study, home-centric BE measures, were not related to physical activity or to diet. Further studies will need to consider a broader range of BE attributes that may be related to diets and health.
Maintaining Condominiums and Homeowner Associations: Ending the Free Ride

During the recent real estate crisis, competition for scarce dollars pitted the holders of defaulted mortgages against condominiums and homeowner associations seeking to collect maintenance assessments. Statutes providing mortgagees with lien priority threatened association ability to provide services, and imposed a disproportionate burden on non-defaulting unit owners. Statutes enacted in other states gave associations a “super priority” lien for six months of assessments, but left uncertainty about the meaning of that super priority in an environment in which foreclosure delays became the norm.The last five years have brought a spate of litigation over the relative rights of associations and mortgagees. The litigation appears to have settled one contentious but critical issue: the super priority lien confers on associations the right to foreclose. Other issues, however, remain unsettled, and often depend on state-specific statutory provisions.As a policy matter, associations liens should enjoy complete priority over mortgage liens. As a matter of fairness, priority for association liens prevents banks from free riding on maintenance expenditures made by non-defaulting unit owners and ensures that all units bear their fair share of maintenance expenditures. From an efficiency perspective, banks are in a far better position to account for potential economic downturns than are associations. Moreover, giving associations priority over banks solves what is otherwise a difficult collective action problem in situations where multiple banks hold mortgages on different underwater units within a single common interest community.
The Metabolic Implications of Glucocorticoids in a High-Fat Diet Setting and the Counter-Effects of Exercise

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones, naturally produced by activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, that mediate the immune and metabolic systems. Synthetic GCs are used to treat a number of inflammatory conditions and diseases including lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. Generally, chronic or high dose GC administration is associated with side effects such as steroid-induced skeletal muscle loss, visceral adiposity, and diabetes development. Patients who are taking exogenous GCs could also be more susceptible to poor food choices, but the effect that increasing fat consumption in combination with elevated exogenous GCs has only recently been investigated. Overall, these studies show that the damaging metabolic effects initiated through exogenous GC treatment are significantly amplified when combined with a high fat diet (HFD). Rodent studies of a HFD and elevated GCs demonstrate more glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, visceral adiposity, and skeletal muscle lipid deposition when compared to rodents subjected to either treatment on its own. Exercise has recently been shown to be a viable therapeutic option for GC-treated, high-fat fed rodents, with the potential mechanisms still being examined. Clinically, these mechanistic studies underscore the importance of a low fat diet and increased physical activity levels when individuals are given a course of GC treatment.
Mitigation of anomalous expansion of carbon xerogels and controllability of mean-pore-size by changes in mold geometry

Abstract Distribution of pore sizes in xerogels is a very relevant property of materials when it comes to applied research and commercial implementations requiring precise pore control at the meso–macro scales (10–1000nm radii). Resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) xerogels with mean pore radii in the elusive intermediate range of few to several hundreds of nanometers are rarely reported. One of the reasons is that controlling pore size with chemical concentrations becomes very sensitive in that range. We report the manipulation of a less sensitive, and controllable variable, mold geometry, as a way to synthesize resorcinol–formaldehyde xerogels with mean pore radii ranging from 300 to 700 nm. Squared molds with a depth-to-side ratio of 1:3.33, for example, led to a final RF substrate with pore radii of 321±48 nm. Similarly, a squared mold with a depth-to-side ratio of 1:3.55 resulted in samples with radii of 704±50. This variation in pore size due to mold geometry was found to be related to the RF skin creation process. Additionally, since thermal expansion characteristics between heating and cooling phases have a noticeable discrepancy in RF materials, thermal expansion properties and mitigation of anomalous coefficients of thermal expansion were also studied in order to avoid fracture of substrates under applications that require dimensional stability under thermal loads.
Neuronal expression of the mitochondrial protein prohibitin confers profound neuroprotection in a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia

The mitochondrial protein prohibitin (PHB) has emerged as an important modulator of neuronal survival in different injury modalities. We previously showed that viral gene transfer of PHB protects CA1 neurons from delayed neurodegeneration following transient forebrain ischemia through mitochondrial mechanisms. However, since PHB is present in all cell types, it is not known if its selective expression in neurons is protective, and if the protection occurs also in acute focal ischemic brain injury, the most common stroke type in humans. Therefore, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing human PHB1 specifically in neurons (PHB1 Tg). PHB1 Tg mice and littermate controls were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Infarct volume and sensory-motor impairment were assessed three days later. Under the control of a neuronal promoter (CaMKIIα), PHB1 expression was increased by 50% in the forebrain and hippocampus in PHB1 Tg mice. The brain injury produced by MCAo was reduced by 63 ± 11...
An Exploration of Black Women’s Gendered Racial Identity Using a Multidimensional and Intersectional Approach

The current study explored the potential for an empirically supported taxonomy of gendered racial identity among Black women sampled in the United States. Drawing from Black racial identity theory (Sellers et al. 1998a), gendered racial identity was defined as the significance and qualitative meaning women attribute to their membership within Black and woman social identity groups. To assess this construct, Black women (n = 240; M age = 35.83, SD = 11.88, range = 19–79) completed measures of racial and gender centrality as well as an opened-ended question assessing the meaning assigned to one’s intersected identity. Four profiles of gendered racial identity emerged through a cluster analysis of racial and gender centrality, which were further explicated through women’s qualitative descriptions of identity. The profiles included Intersectional Engaged, Race Progressive, Intersectional Aware, and Gender Expressive. We explain each profile in detail and conclude by discussing the implications of study findings in terms of theory development, future research, and practice related to Black women.
Issues with the Use of Spatially Variable Seismic Ground Motions in Engineering Applications

Even though the significance of the spatial variability of seismic ground motions for the response of lifelines and its modeling from array data have been addressed for more than half a century, there are still issues associated with its use in engineering applications, which are the focus of the present paper. Common approaches for the simulation of spatially variable seismic ground motions are reviewed, and their corresponding uncertainties are discussed in detail. The importance of the consideration of rotational ground motions in the seismic excitation of structures, and the significance of the kinematic soil-structure interaction in the modification of the foundation input motions are addressed. In addition, difficulties with absorbing boundary conditions and one-dimensional deconvolution methods, when the spatial variability of the ground motions is considered in the seismic analysis of structures, are elaborated upon, and the necessity of developing three-dimensional coherency models is noted. This critical investigation provides insight into and facilitates the appropriate simulation of spatially variable seismic ground motions in engineering applications.
Stent size selection using 64-detector coronary computed tomography angiography: a comparison to invasive coronary angiography.

Rationale and Objectives Compare stent size selection using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). CCTA is increasingly performed before cardiac catheterization; however, the utility of incorporating these data into coronary interventions is unknown. Methods Retrospective study of 18 consecutive patients with 24 coronary artery lesions evaluated with 64-detector CCTA followed by ICA and resulting stent placement. Two blinded interventional cardiologists independently reviewed designated arterial segments on both CCTA and ICA during different reading sessions and determined anticipated stent length and nominal diameter, maximum stenosis, the need for postdilation of either stent margin, and final proximal and distal stent diameters. Results There was strong correlation between CCTA and ICA in the anticipated stent length ( r = 0.85, P r = 0.74, P r = 0.63, P = .001). Anticipated stent length was longer with CCTA compared to ICA (27.0 ± 16.0 vs. 21.8 ± 13.3 mm; P = .006). The final stent diameters were larger with CCTA compared to ICA, both at the proximal end (3.6 ± 0.5 vs. 3.1 ± 0.5 mm; P P = .004). Conclusions Using 64-detector CCTA, interventional cardiologists select longer stents with larger final stent diameters than with ICA. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of incorporating CCTA, when available, in defining interventional strategy.
He II Heat and Mass Transfer

Chapter 6 emphasized the physics of He II including heat transport in the laminar flow and the turbulent mutual friction regimes. These mechanisms are fundamental to the behavior of He II, although that discussion mostly described idealized behavior. In the present chapter we will build on the fundamental understanding of He II to treat practical heat and mass transfer problems that may occur in He II systems. In doing so, the concepts already developed must be extended into regimes that are more usable in engineering calculations. To be more specific, the emphasis of Chap. 6 has been to understand the interactive mechanisms and the two fluid nature of He II.
Association of Discharge Aspirin Dose With Outcomes After Acute Myocardial Infarction Insights From the Treatment with ADP Receptor Inhibitors: Longitudinal Assessment of Treatment Patterns and Events after Acute Coronary Syndrome (TRANSLATE-ACS) Study

Background—Aspirin is the most widely used antiplatelet drug postmyocardial infarction, yet its optimal maintenance dose after percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting remains uncertain. Methods and Results—We compared outcomes of 10 213 patients with myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and were discharged on dual-antiplatelet therapy at 228 US hospitals in the Treatment with ADP Receptor Inhibitors: Longitudinal Assessment of Treatment Patterns and Events after Acute Coronary Syndrome (TRANSLATE-ACS) study from 2010 to 2012. Major adverse cardiovascular events and bleeding within 6 months postdischarge were compared between high-dose (325 mg) and low-dose aspirin (81 mg) by using regression models with inverse probability-weighted propensity adjustment. Overall, 6387 patients (63%) received high-dose aspirin at discharge. Major adverse cardiovascular events risk was not significantly different between groups (high versus low: unadjusted 8.2% versus 9.2%; adjuste...
Coinfection of semi-infectious particles can contribute substantially to influenza infection dynamics

Abstract Influenza is an RNA virus with a genome comprised of eight gene segments. Recent experiments show that the vast majority of virions fail to express one or more gene segments and thus cannot cause a productive infection on their own. These particles, called semi-infectious particles (SIPs), can induce virion production through complementation when multiple SIPs are present in an infected cell. Previous within-host influenza models ignore the potential effects of coinfection and SIPs during virus infection. Here, to investigate the extent that SIPs and coinfection impact viral dynamics, we constructed two within-host models that explicitly keep track of SIPs and coinfection, and fitted the models to clinical data published previously. We found that the model making a more realistic assumption that viruses can only reach a limited number of target cells allows for frequent co-infection during early viral exponential growth and predicts that SIPs contribute substantially to viral load. Furthermore, the model provides a new interpretation of the determinants of viral growth and predicts that the virus within-host growth rate (a measure of viral fitness) is relatively insensitive to the fraction of virions being SIPs, consistent with biological observations. Our results highlight the important role that cellular co-infection can play in regulating infection dynamics and provide a potential explanation for why SIP production is not highly deleterious. More broadly, the model can be used as a general framework to understand coinfection/superinfection in other viral infections. Author Summary Influenza A viruses (IAVs) represent a large public health burden across the world. Currently, our understanding of their infection dynamics is incomplete, which hinders the development of effective vaccines and treatment strategies. Recently, it was shown that a large fraction of virions, called semi-infectious particles, do not cause productive infection on their own; however, coinfection of these particles leads to productive infection. The extent that semi-infectious particles and, more broadly, coinfection contribute to overall influenza infection dynamics is not clear. To address this question, we constructed mathematical models explicitly keeping track of semi-infectious particles and coinfection. We show that coinfection can be frequent over the course of infection and that SIPs play an important role in regulating infection dynamics. Our results have implications towards developing effective therapeutics.
Linkage between Utah All Payers Claims Database and Central Cancer Registry.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the linkage of claims from the Utah All Payers Claims Database (APCD) and Utah Cancer Registry (UCR). DATA SOURCES Secondary data from 2013 and 2014 Utah APCD and 2013 UCR cases. STUDY DESIGN This is a descriptive analysis of the quality of linkage between APCD claims data and cancer registry cases. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS We used the LinkPlus software to link Utah APCD and UCR data. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We were able to link 82.4 percent (9441/11 453) of the UCR reportable cancer cases with APCD claims. Of those linked, 66 percent were perfect matches. CONCLUSIONS The quality of identifiers is high, evidence that claims data can potentially supplement cancer registry data for use in research.
Physical correlations of the scatter between galaxy mass, stellar content, and halo mass

We use the UniverseMachine to analyse the source of scatter between the central galaxy mass, the total stellar mass in the halo, and the dark matter halo mass, for massive (M vir > 10 13 M ⊙ ) haloes. We also propose a new halo mass estimator, the cen+N mass: the sum of the stellar mass of the central and the N most massive satellites. We show that, when real space positions are perfectly known, the cen+N mass has scatter competitive with that of richness-based estimators. However, in redshift space, using a simple cluster finder, the cen+N mass suffers less from projection effects in the UniverseMachine model. The cen+N mass is therefore a potential candidate to constrain cosmology with upcoming spectroscopic data from DESI. We analyse the scatter in stellar mass at fixed halo mass and show that the total stellar mass in a halo is uncorrelated with secondary halo properties, but that the central stellar mass is a function of both halo mass and halo age. This is because central galaxies in older haloes have had more time to grow via accretion. If the UniverseMachine model is correct, this implies that haloes selected using the centrals stellar mass will be biased old and that accurate galaxy-halo modelling of mass selected samples therefore needs to consider halo age in addition to mass.
POST-FINAL THOUGHTS ON GOYTISOLO AND HIS IMPOSSIBLE AUTOBIOGRAPHY

Paper presented at the conference 'Literary Histories and the Development of Identities' sponsored by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada involving members of the I.C.L.A. Coordinating Committee at Queen's University, Canada, in the Fall of 2001.
An integrated architecture for ad hoc grids

Extensive research has been conducted by the grid community to enable large-scale collaborations in pre-configured environments. Grid collaborations can vary in scale and motivation resulting in a coarse classification of grids: national grid, project grid, enterprise grid, and volunteer grid. Despite the differences in scope and scale, all the traditional grids in practice share some common assumptions. They support mutually collaborative communities, adopt a centralized control for membership, and assume a well-defined non-changing collaboration. To support grid applications that do not confirm to these assumptions, we propose the concept of ad hoc grids. In the context of this research, we propose a novel architecture for ad hoc grids that integrates a suite of component frameworks. Specifically, our architecture combines the community management framework, security framework, abstraction framework, quality of service framework, and reputation framework. The overarching objective of our integrated architecture is to support a variety of grid applications in a self-controlled fashion with the help of a self-organizing ad hoc community. We introduce mechanisms in our architecture that successfully isolates malicious elements from the community, inherently improving the quality of grid services and extracting deterministic quality assurances from the underlying infrastructure. We also emphasize on the technology-independence of our architecture, thereby offering the requisite platform for technology interoperability. The feasibility of the proposed architecture is verified with a high-quality ad hoc grid implementation. Additionally, we have analyzed the performance and behavior of ad hoc grids with respect to several control parameters.
Open source, low-cost and modular fixed-wing UAV with BVLOS flight capabilities for geohazards monitoring and surveying

In this paper we are going to illustrate and discuss the CNR-IRPI-GMG-T 1, a fixed-wing UAV designed and assembled by the GMG of the CNR - IRPI and based on a full open source platform. Thanks to its payload modularity (i.e.: optical or multispectral cameras, GNSS RTK positioning, action camera, etc.), the aircraft has been used in a large number of sites for geohazards monitoring and surveying. This low-cost solution has been recently upgraded with an open source technology both for First Person View (FPV) in full HD and to obtain telemetry over a 3G / 4G network. This system has been developed in order to fly Beyond the Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) and to further extend the UAV range of application.
One-Pot E. coli Cell-Free Extract for in vitro Expression of Disulfide Bonded Proteins

Abstract In vitro expression of proteins from E. coli extract is a useful method for prototyping and production of cytotoxic or unnatural products. However, proteins that have multiple disulfide bonds require custom extract that to date requires careful addition of exogenous, purified isomerase enzymes. Many important proteins such as enzymes, cytokines, and monoclonal antibodies require disulfide bonds for stabilization and/or proper activity. Currently the only solution to expressing these products is to purchase commercial kits (such as PUREfrex® (GeneFrontier) or PURExpress® (New England BioLabs)) or to grow up the KGK10 strain and supplement with purified enzymes (T7 RNA polymerase and disulfide bond isomerase C). This multistep process can limit the accessibility of such extract to some groups that wish to rapidly prototype proteins with disulfide bonds. In this work, we present a “one-pot” solution that does not require addition of supplemental enzymes. This is done using a commercially available SHuffle® T7 Express lysY strain of E. coli that can express both the needed T7 polymerase and DsbC isomerase enzymes. We find optimal growth conditions for our 1 L cultures in 2.5 L shake flasks (5.6 and 3.9 hr for harvest and induction respectively) using a luciferase (from Gaussia princeps) that contains 5 disulfide bonds as our reporter protein. The method presented here uses a continuous pass homogenizer and pilot scale lyophilizer to produce large volumes of extract; also, optimal reconstitution ratios of the dried extract are found. To show the broad applicability of the extract, three other enzymes containing ≥3 disulfide bonds (hevamine, endochitinase A, and periplasmic AppA) were also expressed from minimal genetic templates that had undergone rolling circle amplification.
The Hegemony of Mathematics

In this chapter, we use the term “hegemony” with specific reference to how mathematics and mathematics education are implicated in various forms of interpersonal dominance and in ideological struggles, in particular cases of dominance and suppression of some cultural groups by others, and the attempts by dominated groups to find voice and agency. We analyse symbolic violence of several kinds; we do not attempt to deal with the extensive uses of mathematics in dominance by means of military or economic force.
Does Happiness Launch More Businesses? Affect, Gender, and Entrepreneurial Intention

In one of the first studies to examine how positive affect, negative affect, gender, and gender roles interact with entrepreneurial intention, we conducted an online survey of 849 adults from the western, midwestern, and southern regions of the United States. A higher positive affect was associated with greater intention to start a business, however, lower levels of negative affect were not. As in previous studies, women showed less entrepreneurial intention than men, however, the presence of positive affect had a larger positive impact on women’s entrepreneurial intention than men’s. Contrary to expectations, acceptance of traditional gender roles interacted with entrepreneurial intention such that women’s entrepreneurial intention increased as their support of traditional gender roles increased, and for men, entrepreneurial intention decreased slightly as acceptance of traditional gender roles increased.
Peristomal Punctate Pemphigus.

ABSTRACT Cutaneous reactions surrounding abdominal stoma sites are typically irritant, allergic, infectious, traumatic or pathergic in etiology. Pemphigus, which encompasses a group of vesiculobullous autoimmune skin disorders, is seldom encountered as a peristomal dermatosis. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) studies of pemphigus generally show continuous intercellular net-like depositions of IgG. However, punctate or dot-like intercellular deposition of IgG can also be seen in cases of pemphigus. The punctuate pattern is underreported in the literature and little is known about its implication. We describe a case of a 58-year-old Caucasian man with a history of bowel obstruction, status postcolostomy, who presented with a sharply demarcated, erythematous, crusted plaque surrounding his abdominal stoma. The patient endorsed persistent pruritus. A punch biopsy of the lesion was performed for clinical suspicion of fungal infection versus irritant dermatitis. Histopathology revealed a predominantly subcorneal acantholytic dermatitis. Periodic acid-Schiff with diastase and Grocott methenamine silver histochemical stains were negative for fungi. DIF was positive for IgG and C3 detected in a punctate intercellular pattern. In conjunction with the patient's clinical presentation and DIF, a diagnosis of peristomal pemphigus foliaceous was rendered. Herein, we describe a case of punctate pemphigus presenting as a peristomal dermatosis and include a review of the literature to raise awareness of this phenomenon.
New-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with acute kidney injury on continuous renal replacement therapy.

Abstract Purpose The mortality of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) who require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) remains high. We assessed the incidence and predictors of new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in this population and its impact on outcomes. Materials and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of adult intensive care units (ICU) patients who had AKI and received CRRT from December 2006 through November 2015 in a tertiary academic medical center. Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the impact of NOAF on overall mortality. Results Out of 1398 screened patients, NOAF occurred in 193 (14%) cases. NOAF occurring on CRRT was independently associated with an increased hazard of death at follow-up (HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.03–1.56), compared to the group who did not have NOAF. In the multivariable analysis using time-dependent covariates, higher potassium (HR 1.24, 95%CI: 1.01–1.54) and bicarbonate (HR 0.95, 95%CI: 0.92–0.98) levels were associated with increased and decreased risk of NOAF on CRRT, respectively. Conclusions NOAF in critically ill patients with AKI receiving CRRT is common and carries an unfavorable prognosis. Prospective studies are required to elucidate modifiable risk factors for NOAF occurring on CRRT.
La atenuante de reparación del daño como instrumento de la justicia restaurativa en la delincuencia socioeconómica

Debe saludarse como especialmente atinente la objetivacion de la atenuante que tiene lugar con la aprobacion del Codigo penal de 1995, por la que se destierra el requisito del arrepentimiento espontaneo, y se facilita su aplicacion al reo, con independencia de cual sean los motivos de su actuacion. La contrapartida de esa objetivacion radica en que la busqueda a toda costa de la efectiva reparacion del dano de la victima podria provocar fricciones tanto con el ideal de la justicia restaurativa, como con los fines del Derecho penal.