cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
When experienced regret refuses to fade : Regrets of action and attempting to forget open life regrets

The emotional experience of regret often persists rather then fading over time. The present experiment with 101 student participants investigated whether recollecting life regrets of action, construing life regrets as psychologically open, or attempting to forget versus remember regret-related thoughts interfered with the fading of affect over a two-week interval. Results showed that regrets of action failed to show a fading affect pattern. In addition, disappointment failed to fade for regrets of inaction construed as open. Experienced regret failed to fade for regrets construed as open followed by attempts to forget regret-related thoughts. Intrusive and avoidant thoughts co-occurred with the latter disruptions in fading affect. Discussion concerns the causal relationship of memory and fading affect, and the different processes underlying fading of affect for discrete emotions.
Reduced serotonin release and serotonin uptake sites in the rat nucleus accumbens and striatum after prenatal cocaine exposure.

Abstract This study was designed to assess the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on the development of the serotonergic system. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats received daily sc injections of either cocaine (30 mg/kg) or saline from gestation day 7 (GD 7) to GD 20. At 1 week postnatal, all pups were killed and tissues containing the striatum and nucleus accumbens dissected out. In superfusion experiments, tissue slices were incubated with [3H]serotonin ([3H]5-HT) for 30 min and then superfused. The [3H]5-HT release was induced by exposures to the following treatments: electrical stimulations (20 mA or 40 mA, 0.5 Hz, 4 min), the medium containing 15 or 30 mM potassium (2 min), fenfluramine (1 or 2 μM for 2 min), para-chloroamphetamine (1 or 2 μM for 2 min), methiothepin (1 or 2 μM for 2 min), and fluoxetine (1 or 2 μM for 2 min). The results showed that the treatment-induced [3H]5-HT releases were all significantly less pronounced in the pups prenatally exposed to cocaine than in those prenatally exposed to saline regardless of the mechanisms by which the treatment increases extracellular 5-HT. Saturation analysis showed that the Bmax of [3H]citalopram binding sites was also significantly lower in the pups prenatally treated with cocaine than in those prenatally treated with saline. The results are consistent with the concept that less serotonergic innervation may exist in the examined brain areas of cocaine-treated offspring at 1 week postnatal, and support the hypothesis that prenatal cocaine exposure affects the postnatal development of the serotonergic system.
The robots are coming, the robots are coming!

Several years ago a film depicted the reaction of a small, isolated New England community to the appearance of a disabled Russian submarine and a group of confused Russian sailors. The townspeople reacted with fright and suspicion when they learned of the presence of these strange creatures in their midst. Fear motivated overreaction, and events occurred that were misguided and potentially dangerous. The situation was clarified only after some degree of familiarity and understanding was established between the two groups. In many ways, the introduction to the lay public of robotic machines has caused a similar reaction on the part of both the average man and to some degree the more knowledgeable individual. Confusion and a lack of understanding have caused a response to the
Significance of Conceptual Model Uncertainty in Simulating Carbon Sequestration in a Deep Inclined Saline Aquifer

AbstractIn modeling geologic carbon sequestration in a deep inclined aquifer in Wyoming, the impact of geologic, engineering, and environmental uncertainty factors on parameter importance and prediction uncertainty is evaluated. Given site characterization data, a suite of geologic model families were built to represent aquifer permeability heterogeneity at increasing complexity. With each family, the same CO2 experiment was simulated. Over a period of 50 years, 17 million tons of CO2 is injected into the aquifer at an approximate depth of 3,750 m. Postinjection simulation is then carried out for a total simulation time of 2,000 years. Based on the design of the experiment, a screening sensitivity analysis was first conducted for all families, systematically varying uncertain input parameters. Parameters with first-order impact on CO2 performance metrics (i.e., trapped gas, dissolved gas, brine leakage, storage ratio) are identified, which vary with time and modeling choice. When the model is of low compl...
On the Meaning and Measurement of Religiosity in Consumer Research

The role of religiousness as a variable in models of consumer behavior is not well-established. Research findings in this area tend to be sparse and conflicting, and measurement issues have yet to be addressed. This article reports on an empirical investigation of religiosity in a causal modeling framework. The results suggest that religiosity is a viable consumer behavior construct in that it (1) did correlate with the life-style variables selected; (2) contributed directly to the model along with sex, age, and income; and (3) was successfully operationalized through multiple measures.
Retelling IR's foundational stories: some feminist and postcolonial perspectives

In the conclusion to my presidential address to the International Studies Association in 2006, I suggested that all of us International Relations (IR) scholars bear the responsibility for being cri...
Bertrand competition in networks

We briefly summarize our recent work characterizing the efficiency of equilibria in pricing games in two-sided combinatorial markets.
Partitioning and site occupancy of Ta and Mo in Co-base γ/γ′ alloys studied by atom probe tomography

Abstract The detailed understanding of solute partitioning and site occupancies of these solutes within the ordered γ′ (L12) precipitates holds a key role in the development of cobalt-base γ/γ′ alloys with optimized properties. The present atom probe tomography study utilizes both structural and compositional information to determine the partitioning behavior of transition elements like Ta and Mo between γ matrix and γ′ precipitates and their site occupancy within the γ′ phase. The addition of Ta, which enhances the formation of γ′, to a ternary Co–Al–W alloy with stoichiometric Co3(Al,W) precipitates, results in the substitution of only the W in the γ′ precipitates to form Co3(Al, W, Ta) precipitates. Interestingly, Mo, typically considered a γ solid solution strengthener in nickel-base alloys, also partitions strongly to γ′ precipitates when added to the Co–Al–W alloy and displaces only the W atoms. The experimentally observed equal atomic substitution of W by both Ta and Mo, without any change in the Al content within the γ′ precipitates, gives insights into the energetics of relative site substitutions in this ordered compound.
Biomarkers and Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage from the rupture of a saccular aneurysm is a devastating neurological disease that has a high morbidity and mortality not only from the initial hemorrhage, but also from the delayed complications, such as cerebral vasospasm. Cerebral vasospasm can lead to delayed ischemic injury 1 to 2 weeks after the initial hemorrhage. Although the pathophysiology of vasospasm has been described for decades, the molecular basis remains poorly understood. With the many advances in the past decade in the development of sensitive molecular biological techniques, imaging, biochemical purification, and protein identification, new insights are beginning to reveal the etiology of vasospasm. These findings will not only help to identify markers of vasospasm and prognostic outcome, but will also yield potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this disease. This review focuses on the methods available for the identification of biological markers of vasospasm and their limitations, the current understanding as to the utility and prognostic significance of identified biomarkers, the utility of these biomarkers in predicting vasospasm and outcome, and future directions of research in this field.
I Surrender All: Subverting the Cruelty of Capitalist Optimism with Affective Expressions of Worship

This paper explores the experience of an affectively charged healing worship service comprised of mostly working-class parishioners. It suggests that they seek healing from a feeling of being worn out by the precarity of daily life and by their efforts to reach the “American dream.” The ensuing discussion is framed by Lauren Berlant’s (2011) cruel optimism: we are attached to ideals that both define our identities as productive members of a capitalist society and at the same time necessitate our failures at reaching those ideals. The work of relational psychoanalyst Stephen Mitchell is utilized to describe how affective worship builds a co-created relational space of vulnerability and care that subverts this dominant ideal. The paper concludes with Emmanuel Ghent’s suggestion that religious surrender leads to an expansion of the self.
The Use of Positron Emission Tomography in Response to Therapy

Therapy for breast cancer is currently undergoing significant change with the addition of targeted therapies, new modes of the delivery of radiation therapy, as well as the modification of axillary staging and extent of surgery. So too should the method of imaging and the approach to staging with imaging be undergoing a revolution. Positron emission tomography (PET), having finally burst onto the stage of diagnosis and treatment, now provides a metabolic biopsy and allows for staging using glucose labeled with a radioactive (positron) emitter. This technique not only allows us to completely stage the patient but also allows us to metabolically decide who is responding to therapy and who is not responding to therapy. It allows us to guide therapy through imaging without multiple invasive techniques or multiple imaging modalities. The article that follows provides a review of the best available data for using PET and PET with simultaneously acquired computed tomography (PET/CT).
TIMCAI: An interactive program to assist in the identification of univariate nonseasonal nonmixed ARIMA time series

The need for accurate statistical techniques in the interpretation of time-series data is crucial for many social-psychological studies. While many techniques have been proposed and debated, the technique initially proposed by Box and Tiao (1965) known as autoregres­ sive integrated moving average (ARIMA) modeling seems to show promise. While much has been written about the technique, there seems to be some reluctance on the part of the social-psychological community to use it when appropriate. One of the major reasons for this reluctance may be due to difficulties in the initial step of identify­ ing an appropriate ARIMA model. Other reasons for the reluctance have been discussed elsewhere (Brown, 1980; McCleary & Hay, 1980). The Box-Tiao approach is an iterative process encom­ passing several stages of development, with the initial step requiring a tentative model identification. This identification step basically relies on two statistics: (1) the autocorrelation function (AUCF) and (2) the partial autocorrelation function (PACF). Autocorrela­ tion refers to the correlations among successive data points separated by each different observation (lag) in the series. Partial autocorrelation refers to the autocorre­ lation of a series with the influence of previous time points "partialed out." These two functions are calcu­ lated on the time-series data and generally supplied to the users as a correlogram, or a plot of the autocorrela­ tion and partial autocorrelation as a function of K lags. It is from an ocular analysis of the correlograms that a tentative ARIMA model may be identified. This ocular analytic technique basically compares the estimated AUCF and PACF with theoretical or expected functions, according to a variety of basic ARIMA models. Ambi­ guity in these estimated functions is then lessened by either placing an approximate 95% confidence band around each function (±2 standard errors) or by calcu­ lating a t-like statistic (Bowerman & O'Connell, 1979). The t-like statistic, for both functions, is simply the value of each AUCF and PACF over their respective standard errors at each lag period. The purpose of this software is to assist users in their ocular identification of an appropriate ARIMA model by providing statistically based decision support.
Modeling the transmission of curved neutron guides with non-perfect reflectivity

Abstract Analytic expressions for the transmission of a curved neutron guide including reflection losses are contrasted. The expressions are derived by considering the distribution of the number of reflections as a function of grazing angle at the outer surface. The results of different analytic expressions are compared with simulation results to find the model that best fits the simulations.
Analytical representations of solid-state devices

Simple expressions for the dependence of hole and electron mobilities upon free carrier densities are utilized to derive equivalent representations of the diode equation as well as other solid-state device equations. The resulting mathematical models vividly display the effects of impurity concentrations in the semiconductor regions on important device parameters.
Stress in residency: reality or myth?

Abstract Objective: This study was designed to determine (1) occupational stress in a group of residents in obstetrics and gynecology, (2) whether occupational stress differs between years of training, and (3) whether there is seasonal variation in occupational stress. Study Design: The Occupational Stress Inventory was administered to the 44 residents in obstetrics and gynecology at our institution in September 1998. A subgroup of 24 residents were also asked to complete the occupational stress inventory in January and May 1999. T-scores of 40 to 59 are within the normal range; scores of ≥70 on the occupational role questionnaire or the psychologic strain questionnaire suggest significant maladaptive stress; scores of ≤30 on the personal resources questionnaire suggest a significant lack of coping skills. Kruskal-Wallis and repeated-measures analysis of variance were used when appropriate. Results: Forty residents completed the occupational stress inventory in September. The median T-score for each subscale was between 40 and 60. Eleven residents (27.5%) scored ≥70 on at least 1 subscale of the occupational role questionnaire. Three residents (7.5%) scored ≥70 on at least 1 subscale of the psychologic strain questionnaire. Seven residents (17.5%) scored ≤30 on at least 1 personal resources questionnaire subscale. There was no significant difference in occupational adjustment between resident level. In the 24 residents who were followed throughout the academic year, there was no significant difference in stress at different times of the years. Conclusion: Occupational stress is relatively common in a group of residents in obstetrics and gynecology. There is no difference in occupational stress or personal coping skills between years of training, and there is no seasonal variation in the academic year. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186:907-9.)
Peptide Identification by Database Search of Mixture Tandem Mass Spectra

In high-throughput proteomics the development of computational methods and novel experimental strategies often rely on each other. In certain areas, mass spectrometry methods for data acquisition are ahead of computational methods to interpret the resulting tandem mass spectra. Particularly, although there are numerous situations in which a mixture tandem mass spectrum can contain fragment ions from two or more peptides, nearly all database search tools still make the assumption that each tandem mass spectrum comes from one peptide. Common examples include mixture spectra from co-eluting peptides in complex samples, spectra generated from data-independent acquisition methods, and spectra from peptides with complex post-translational modifications. We propose a new database search tool (MixDB) that is able to identify mixture tandem mass spectra from more than one peptide. We show that peptides can be reliably identified with up to 95% accuracy from mixture spectra while considering only a 0.01% of all possible peptide pairs (four orders of magnitude speedup). Comparison with current database search methods indicates that our approach has better or comparable sensitivity and precision at identifying single-peptide spectra while simultaneously being able to identify 38% more peptides from mixture spectra at significantly higher precision.
Modulation of Instantaneous Synchrony During Seizures by Deep Brain Stimulation

Epileptic seizures were experimentally induced in the CA3 region of rat hippocampus in vivo. Recordings of seizure activity were made in both hippocampi as well as anteromedial region of the thalamus in order to analyze the instantaneous activity for synchronous oscillators. A new method is introduced for detecting this synchrony which combines empirical mode decomposition, the Hilbert analytic signal method and eigenvalue decomposition. Effects of targeted deep brain stimulation on multi-site synchrony were assessed as a means to extinguish hypersynchrony during epileptic seizures.
Synthesis of deoxyribotetranucleotides by the cyclic enediol phosphorylation method

Abstract Full experimental details are given for the application of the di(1,2-dimethylethenylene)pyrophosphate method of phosphodiester synthesis to the conversion of deoxyribonucleosides into deoxyribodinucleotides in the dG, dA, dC and dT families. N-(1,2-dimethylethenylenedioxyphosphoryl) imidazole is superior to the corresponding pyrophosphate as a reagent for the conversion of deoxyribodinucleotides into deoxyribotetranucleotides.
Simulation of particulate removal in gas‐solid fluidized beds

A mathematical model for simulating particulate removal in gas-solid fluidized beds is developed based on bubble assemblage concepts and particulate collection mechanisms. The importance of fluidization mechanics on the overall fluidized bed filtration performance is emphasized in the present study. Model predictions of fluidized bed filtration efficiencies are shown to compare favorably to the experimental results of various investigations. Because of the general formulation of the proposed model, it is believed to be applicable in the design of fluidized bed filtration operations.
Characterological and behavioral self-blame in children: Assessment and development considerations

A new instrument, the Why It Happened questionnaire, was developed for assessing characterological and behavior self-blame in two samples of third- through ninth-grade children (Sample 1: n = 121; sample 2: n = 322). Children's responses were very consistent within specific classes of negative events but only moderately consistent across time. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of open-ended and self-rating responses, respectively, revealed that children's self-blame attributions were only moderately consistent across different classes of negative events, and that children's tendency to make characterological and behavioral attributions were unrelated for academic events and moderately correlated for social events. Multiple regression revealed that characterological self-blame about academic and social events were not significantly related to self-reported depression until ninth grade. Implications for cognitive diathesis-stress models of depression for children are discussed.
Detection and quantification of biotinylated proteins using the Storm 840 Optical Scanner

The use of the avidin-biotin interaction is becoming an increasingly common method for the detection of proteins. The use of fluorescence detection with avidin-biotin systems has the potential to greatly increase both the sensitivity and linearity of this type of analysis. In this report, three fluorescent systems were tested for their ability to detect biotinylated polypeptides in purified and complex biological samples. These systems include a Neutravidin-Alexa Fluor430 conjugate, an avidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate with the ECL-Plus detection system, and an avidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate with the ECF detection system. Biotinylated molecular weight standards, biotinylated bovine serum albumin, and rat liver homogenate were resolved by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis and transferred to polyvinyldifluoride membrane. Biotinylated polypeptides were then visualized on the Storm840 optical scanner. The Neutravidin-Alexa Fluor430 conjugate exhibited the lowest sensitivity, but displayed high linearity. The avidin-horseradish peroxidase and avidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugates, when combined with appropriate fluorescent substrates, exhibited much higher fluorescence, with the avidin-alkaline phosphatase ECF system displaying the highest sensitivity. All systems demonstrated an ability to reliably detect and quantify biotinylated polypeptides in purified as well as complex samples, given careful attention to conditions optimized for each system.
Effect of exenatide, sitagliptin, or glimepiride on β-cell secretory capacity in early type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE Agents that augment GLP-1 effects enhance glucose-dependent β-cell insulin production and secretion and thus are hoped to prevent progressive impairment in insulin secretion characteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The purpose of this study was to evaluate GLP-1 effects on β-cell secretory capacity, an in vivo measure of functional β-cell mass, early in the course of T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a randomized controlled trial in 40 subjects with early T2D who received the GLP-1 analog exenatide ( n = 14), the dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor sitagliptin ( n = 12), or the sulfonylurea glimepiride ( n = 14) as an active comparator insulin secretagogue for 6 months. Acute insulin responses to arginine (AIR arg ) were measured at baseline and after 6 months of treatment with 5 days of drug washout under fasting, 230 mg/dL (glucose potentiation of arginine-induced insulin release [AIR pot ]), and 340 mg/dL (maximum arginine-induced insulin release [AIR max ]) hyperglycemic clamp conditions, in which AIR max provides the β-cell secretory capacity. RESULTS The change in AIR pot was significantly greater with glimepiride versus exenatide treatment ( P max ( P = 0.1). Within each group, the primary outcome measure, AIR max , was unchanged after 6 months of treatment with exenatide or sitagliptin compared with baseline but was increased with glimepiride ( P min ) was also increased with glimepiride treatment ( P min trended higher with glimepiride than with exenatide ( P = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS After 6 months of treatment, exenatide or sitagliptin had no significant effect on functional β-cell mass as measured by β-cell secretory capacity, whereas glimepiride appeared to enhance β- and α-cell secretion.
American Political Culture in Comparative Perspective

In order to formulate a comparative model of political cultures, a theory that integrates psychological, sociological and economic variables is developed. Within societies dominant political cultural themes stress particular patterns of right and obligation. These patterns simultaneously undergird social solidarity and justify an unequal distribution of rewards. Differences among political cultures exist vertically on an historical dimension of increasing moral comprehensiveness and horizontally on a dimension of moral content. Internal tensions deriving from technological development and from social discourse about the moral adequacy of norms stimulate change. A case study of American political culture, with its contrasting emphases on egalitarianism and individualism, assesses the theoretical claims.
Adipocyte Protein S3-12 Coats Nascent Lipid Droplets

Most animals store lipid intracellularly in protein-coated droplets. The protein coat usually contains at least one member of the PAT (perilipin, adipose differentiation-related protein, and TIP47) family. Evidence suggests that PAT proteins control access to the lipid they enclose. The protein S3-12, which has sequence similarity to the PAT proteins, was found in a screen for adipocyte-specific proteins. The adipocyte expression of S3-12 and its similarity to the PAT proteins suggest that S3-12 is involved in adipocyte lipid storage. To test this hypothesis, we supplemented 3T3-L1 adipocytes with fatty acids and assessed the distribution of S3-12 by immunofluorescence microscopy. Prior to fatty acid incubation, S3-12 was distributed diffusely throughout the cytoplasm on punctate structures of heterogeneous size. After 10 min of lipid loading, S3-12 localized to 500-nm structures concentrated at the adipocyte periphery. After longer incubations, S3-12 coated the surface of lipid droplets up to several micrometers in diameter. Initially, these droplets were distinct from those droplets surrounded by perilipin; but by 240 min, most perilipin-coated droplets had some S3-12 on the surface as well. We additionally report that the formation of S3-12-coated droplets 1) required glucose and fatty acids that can be incorporated into triacylglycerol, 2) was blocked by an inhibitor of triacylglycerol synthesis, and 3) was insulin-dependent. This study reports for the first time the early morphological events in the genesis and maturation of adipocyte lipid droplets.
Two Functional States of the CD11b A-Domain: Correlations with Key Features of Two Mn2+-complexed Crystal Structures

In the presence of bound Mn2+, the three- dimensional structure of the ligand-binding A-domain from the integrin CR3 (CD11b/CD18) is shown to exist in the “open” conformation previously described only for a crystalline Mg2+ complex. The open conformation is distinguished from the “closed” form by the solvent exposure of F302, a direct T209–Mn2+ bond, and the presence of a glutamate side chain in the MIDAS site. Approximately 10% of wild-type CD11b A-domain is present in an “active” state (binds to activation-dependent ligands, e.g., iC3b and the mAb 7E3). In the isolated domain and in the holoreceptor, the percentage of the active form can be quantitatively increased or abolished in F302W and T209A mutants, respectively. The iC3b-binding site is located on the MIDAS face and includes conformationally sensitive residues that undergo significant shifts in the open versus closed structures. We suggest that stabilization of the open structure is independent of the nature of the metal ligand and that the open conformation may represent the physiologically active form.
Geology and Ore Deposits of Central Atacama Province, Chile

Geologically, the central part of Atacama Province straddles the north-striking intrusive contact between the Andean batholith of western Chile and the stratified rocks to the east. Apophyses of the Andean batholith and other intrusions, some of them in the form of sills, interrupt the continuity of the rocks to the east. The layered sequence consists of Lower Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous marine sedimentary rocks and lavas, which are unconformably overlain by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary continental sedimentary rocks, tuffs, and lavas. A marked contact zone of skarn rocks and meta-andesite separates the diorite, granite, and related rocks of the batholith from the unmetamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic sequence. The sedimentary rocks have been folded into a major, north-northeast-trending, north-plunging anticlinorium in the middle of the area and into a doubly plunging synclinorium in the eastern part. Several small domes and a structural basin occur in the southwestern part. Minor overthrusts occur on the limbs of member folds of the anticlinorium and synclinorium. Most high-angle faults and other fractures strike north to northwest; some older faults strike northeast. The entire area is in the copper metallogenetic province of Ruiz and Ericksen (1962), and parts of it are in the overlapping gold, silver, and iron provinces. The zones of supergene enriched and oxidized rock in this area are related to deep weathering of an old surface which has existed since middle Tertiary time. At least seven of the 14 major types of hypogene ore deposits in Chile are represented in the central part of Atacama Province. However, most of the production of metals has been from supergene ores, with the important exceptions of iron ore from the contact metamorphic zone and hypogene copper ore from near the deep valley of the Rio Copiapo. The discovery localities of five rare supergene minerals—re-molinite, nantokite, copiapite, bordosite, and chanarcillite—are in the area.
Exposure to intermittent nociceptive stimulation under pentobarbital anesthesia disrupts spinal cord function in rats

Rationale Spinal cord plasticity can be assessed in spinal rats using an instrumental learning paradigm in which subjects learn an instrumental response, hindlimb flexion, to minimize shock exposure. Prior exposure to uncontrollable intermittent stimulation blocks learning in spinal rats but has no effect if given before spinal transection, suggesting that supraspinal systems modulate nociceptive input to the spinal cord, rendering it less susceptible to the detrimental consequences of uncontrollable stimulation.
Television-Related Injuries to Children in the United States, 1990–2011

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology of television (TV)-related injuries to children in the United States. METHODS: Using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, children aged <18 years treated in United States hospital emergency departments for an injury associated with a TV from 1990 through 2011 were investigated. RESULTS: An estimated 380 885 patients aged <18 years were treated in emergency departments for a TV-related injury during the 22-year study period, which equals an annual average of 17 313 children. The median age of patients was 3 years; children <5 years represented 64.3% of patients, and boys comprised 60.8%. The average annual injury rate was 2.43 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.07–2.80) injuries per 10 000 children aged <18 years, with a range of 2.15 (95% CI: 1.64–2.66) to 2.90 (95% CI: 2.31–3.49). Although the overall injury rate was steady, the number and rate of injuries associated with falling TVs increased significantly by 125.5% and 95.3%, respectively, during the study period. In addition, there was a significant 344.1% increase in the number of injuries associated with a TV falling from a dresser/bureau/chest of drawers/armoire during 1995–2011. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of pediatric injuries caused by falling TVs is increasing, which underscores the need for increased prevention efforts. Prevention strategies include public education, provision of TV anchoring devices at the point of sale of TVs, TV anchoring device distribution programs, strengthening of standards for TV stability, and redesign of TVs to improve stability. * Abbreviations: CI — : confidence interval CPSC — : Consumer Product Safety Commission CRT — : cathode ray tube ED — : emergency department NEISS — : National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
Episcopal Unrest: Gallicanism in the 1625 Assembly of the Clergy

A major problem in assessing the ecclesiastical policies of the government of Louis XIII is the equivocal reputation of its chief ministers as a churchman. Cardinal Richelieu enjoys an uncertain reputation as churchman in large measure because of the inherent ambiguities of his position as both prince of the church and chief minister of the king of France. Further compounding this ambiguous position was Gallicanism, the peculiar stance of the French church on matters of churchstate and Franco-papal relations. A classic example of how Gallicanism could introduce complex and independently derived factors into Richelieu's policies was the decennial meeting of the Assembly of the Clergy of 1625.1 At that meeting, early in Richelieu's tenure as chief minister, the French clergy demonstrated with great vigor that Gallicanism was not a doctrine of the past and that it had wellsprings quite independent of the crown and Richelieu. Even in 1625 most people, including the papal curia, found it difficult to believe that the behavior of the Assembly of the Clergy was not dictated by Richelieu. We shall see, however, that the Assembly adopted measures well calculated to irritate the Holy See at a time when Cardinal Richelieu had every desire to placate Urban VIII. In 1625 Richelieu was negotiating feverishly to extricate Louis XIII from war in the Valtellina without losing the fruits of his aggressive action there. Richelieu's plan called for a papal garrison to be placed in the valley to keep it neutral and closed to Spain. Necessarily, the pope's cooperation was vital, which meant that it was not the moment to offend Urban VIII by attacking papal authority at home. But it was just at that moment that Gallicanism revived in the Assembly of the Clergy to annoy the pope and bedevil Richelieu.
A young healthy male with syncope and complete heart block.

IntroductionIt is rare to see heart block as the first-and-only presentation of Lyme disease, the reported incidence being just 1% in untreated patients.Case presentationWe report a patient who presented with syncope secondary to a fluctuating heart block. He had no previous manifestations of Lyme disease. Lyme carditis was suspected after the other usual etiologies of heart block were ruled out. Later, serologies came positive and patient’s heart block resolved on ceftriaxone therapy.ConclusionIn at-risk individuals, clinicians should rule out this readily-treatable cause of heart block before proceeding with permanent pacemaker implantation due to enormous clinical and cost implications involved. Missing the diagnosis also exposes the patient to the risk of developing the late complications of Lyme disease. Diagnosis of isolated Lyme carditis is a challenge because the clinician does not have the diagnostic-clues that can usually be gleaned from the more common stigmata of Lyme disease.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of 3D image-guided brachytherapy compared with 2D brachytherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer

Abstract Purpose Three-dimensional image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) is a significant advance in locally advanced cervical cancer treatment. However, its cost-effectiveness (C/E) is unknown. We performed a C/E analysis of IGBT compared with conventional (two-dimensional [2D]) brachytherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods and Materials A Markov model was constructed to model locally advanced cervical cancer treated with five fractions of high-dose-rate brachytherapy. The model captured clinical parameters, quality of life utility, and treatment costs through the literature review. Costs were 2013 Medicare reimbursement. Strategies were compared using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), and effectiveness was measured in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). To account for uncertainty, one-way, two-way, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Strategies were evaluated from a payer's perspective with a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY gained. Results Treatment costs for five fractions of IGBT and 2D brachytherapy were $21,374 and $17,931, respectively. In the base-case analysis, the IGBT strategy costs $3003 more than 2D brachytherapy while gaining 0.16 QALYs, resulting in an ICER of $18,634 per QALY gained. In one-way sensitivity analyses, results were most sensitive to variation of treatment costs, but the ICER remained Conclusion IGBT for locally advanced cervical cancer is a C/E option compared with 2D brachytherapy. These findings were robust to variation of parameter values supporting the routine use of IGBT in locally advanced cervical cancer.
Position, rotation, and scale invariant optical correlation

A new optical transformation that combines geometrical coordinate transformations with the conventional optical Fourier transform is described. The resultant transformations are invariant to both scale and rotational changes in the input object or function. Extensions of these operations to optical pattern recognition and initial experimental demonstrations are also presented.
The onset of dissociation in the aqueous LiOH clusters: a solvation study with the effective fragment potential model and quantum mechanics methods

Abstract The first systematic study on the solvation of the LiOH(H 2 O) n ( n =1–6,8) clusters is herein presented by using both the molecular-mechanics effective fragment potential (EFP) model and full quantum mechanics methods. Aqueous clusters are sequentially calculated first with the LiOH solute molecule described by a restricted Hartree–Fock (RHF) wavefunction and the H 2 O solvent molecules by the EFP model (EFP/RHF), and then with the full quantum mechanics RHF and Moller–Pleset second-order perturbation (MP2) theories. Calculated properties include equilibrium geometries, Mulliken charges, bond lengths and orders, and relative energies inter alia. Present results indicate that at the least six H 2 O molecules are necessary to be added to one LiOH molecule to cause its spontaneous dissociation into a Li + /OH − separated ion pair. Another instance of dissociation is also observed in one of the LiOH(H 2 O) 8 isomers. EFP/RHF reasonably reproduces RHF structural properties and dissociation patterns but discrepancies arise in the solute charge description. Comparisons of the present theoretical results with previous EFP studies and with a few experimental data are also discussed.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND DEFORESTATION: Implications for the Maya collapse

During the ninth century, many sites in the Southern Maya Lowlands were abandoned as elite and commoners felt the effects of the Classic-period Maya collapse. At the same time, sites to the north and east continued to flourish. Recent climatic data indicate that, at this time, much of the Maya area experienced a significant drought. However, this drought does not appear to have uniformly affected the entire region; instead, climate appears to have acted as a mosaic, shifting through time and space. It is hypothesized that one of the key factors responsible for these variable cultural trajectories is localized and regional climate change brought about through irregular anthropogenic deforestation. These changes, when coupled with an out-of-balance cultural system, may have served as a catalyst that sent some parts of the Maya world down the path to systems failure, while other zones were able—at least, temporarily—to adjust and continue.
Valuing Environmental Health Effects – An Economic Perspective

This paper provides an overview of some of the issues involved in comparing benefit-cost analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis based on quality-adjusted life-years as alternative approaches to assessing environmental policies that affect human health. It concludes that: (i) although QALYs have the advantage of reflecting policy impacts on both health status and longevity in a single scalar measure, they are not consistent with utility theory unless individuals’ preferences satisfy some restrictive conditions; (ii) they do not capture other important aspects of the valuation of changes in mortality and morbidity; (iii) cost-effectiveness analysis based on QALYs as a measure of effectiveness omits non-health related effects of environmental policy; and (iv) it leaves unanswered the important question of what level of environmental regulation is appropriate.
Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction of the Elbow: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background:Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a common procedure in both professional and high-level athletes.Purpose:To determine the effect of technique and level of play with UCLR on return to sport (RTS).Hypothesis:When comparing different surgical techniques or preoperative level of sports participation, there is no difference in rate of RTS after UCLR.Study Design:Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:A systematic review was registered with PROSPERO and performed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using 3 publicly available free databases. Therapeutic clinical outcome investigations reporting UCLR outcomes with level of evidence 1 through 4 were eligible for inclusion. All study, subject, and surgical technique demographics were analyzed and compared between continents and countries. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and 2-proportion 2-sample z-test calculators with α = .05 were used to compare RTS between ...
Barriers to Work–Life Balance for Hospital Nurses

Nurses are loyal to their patients and coworkers. They often put the needs of others before their own and sometimes even before the needs of their families. This concern for others can cause conflicts that manifest as stress. Of the more than 2 million nurses in the United States, more than 62% work in hospitals. Hospitals are known to be both rewarding and stressful places to work. Like most workers, nurses face the challenge of balancing demands and achievements of work with those in their private lives. Hospital leaders can facilitate improved work-life balance (WLB) for hospital nurses by using tools already in place. Equally important, nurses can use their knowledge and resources to nurse the nurse within, which can greatly improve their experience of WLB, independent of the demands of their work environment.
No Ceramics Age

The utilization of ceramic materials by man is probably as old as human civilization itself. Stone, obsidian, clay, quartz, and mineral ores are as much a part of the history of mankind as the products which have been made of them. Among these products are tools, earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, as well as bricks, refractories, body paints, insulators, abrasives, and eventually modern “high-tech ceramics” used, for example, in electronic equipment or jet engines. Actually, fired or baked ceramic objects are probably the oldest existing samples of handicraft which have come to us from ancient times. They are often the only archaeo-logic clues that witness former civilizations and habitats. Moreover, there are scholars who believe that life took its origin from ceramics. And some ancient mythologies relate that man was created from clay. It might be of interest in this context that the Hebrew word for soil, dirt, clay, or earth is “Adama.” Taking all of these components into consideration, it might be well justified to ask why historians did not specifically designate a ceramics age.
Problems Of Heat Transfer In Porous Media

This work presents new mathematical models which can be used to study heat transfer behavior in fractured and nonfractured porous media. A general relationship between these and other similar models is discussed, with an emphasis on application to laboratory and field systems. One important general conclusion of the study was that simplified mathematical models were useful for finding the relative importance of different heat transfer mechanisms in a specific set of bench-scale experiments. (30 refs.)
Profile-Based Authorship Analysis

This article presents a profile-based authorship analysis method which first categorizes texts according to social and conceptual characteristics of their author (e.g. Sex and Political Ideology) and then combines these profiles for two authorship analysis tasks: (1) determining shared authorship of pairs of texts without a set of candidate authors and (2) clustering texts according to characteristics of their authors in order to provide an analysis of the types of individuals represented in the data set. The first task outperforms Burrows’ Delta by a wide margin on short texts and a small margin on long texts. The second task has no such benchmark with existing methods. The data set for evaluating the method consists of speeches from the US House and Senate from 1995 to 2013. This data set contains both a large number of texts (42,000 in the test sets) and a large number of speakers (over 800). The article shows that this approach to authorship analysis is more accurate than existing approaches given a data set with hundreds of authors. Further, this profile-based method makes new types of analysis possible by looking at types of individuals as well as at specific individuals.
Would Requiring Ex-Post Earnings Revisions Reduce Earnings Manipulation?

Lev (2003) proposes that publicly-traded firms be required to revise their annual earnings to take into account the realized values of accounting estimates made in computing the originally-announced earnings numbers. These audited revisions would be required both one and three years after the original earnings announcements. The presumption is that, if firms were required to disclose in the future how accurate (or inaccurate) their current accounting estimates are, they would have greater incentive (at least in the case of egregious earnings manipulations) to incorporate more accurate estimates into their earnings computations than under the current system, in which no such explicit ex-post estimate accuracy is revealed. If this requirement were to have that effect, then more accurate earnings (i.e., less earnings manipulation) and fewer earnings restatements should result. The current paper will provide experimental evidence as to whether Lev's (2003) proposal would have its intended results.
Angoragoat Biting Louse: Relationship Between Ingestion of Diflubenzuron and Ecdysis

When diets coated with diflubenzuron (N-[[ (4-(chlorophenyl)amino]carbonyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide) were fed to 3rd-instar Bovicola limbatus (Gervais), the inhibition of ecdysis increased progressively as the age of the nymphs increased. The LC50’s for lice fed diflubenzuron on days 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 of their 6-day development period were, respectively, 57.6, 35.0, 14.4, 4.1, and 1.8 ppm (little or no diet was ingested on the 6th day). Relatively high levels of diflubenzuron (100–250 ppm) led the 1st day of the 3rd instar prevented normal growth in 20–50% of the nymphs even though they lived for 6 or more days.
Colorimetric In-Situ Hybridization in Clinical Virology: Development of Automated Technology

The goals of clinical virology, to generate accurate, sensitive and specific diagnoses as rapidly as possible, have not changed, but the methods to achieve these goals have undergone a revolution. The same techniques of molecular biology which proved so valuable in elucidating basic biologic properties of the viruses have been found to be applicable in a diagnostic setting. Through the adoption of monoclonal antibody and nucleic acid hybridization techniques, the clinical virology lab has been the indicator of things to come in microbiology in general. Because the culture of viruses is labor-intensive, expensive and often slow, the laboratory has been eager to adopt alternative methods to complement and streamline the “gold standard” of viral culture. The growing recognition of the clinical significance of noncultivatable viruses such as rota virus and human papilloma virus has also given impetus to the application of monoclonal antibodies and nucleic acid hybridization to these problems.
Structure and History

This chapter is an exploration of some of the problems encountered in combining archaeological, historical, and ethnographic data in synthetic studies of culture change in the contact period. Combining these sorts of data effectively is critical for understanding cultural change in the context of contact situations. It is worth exploring the kinds of problems we often encounter in combining these various data because the examination points to theoretical, disciplinary, and epistemological conflicts that can frustrate the objectives of research concerning culture change undertaken in the context of a contact situation.