cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Enhancing interfirm relationship and performance through internet driven management of knowledge processes

With the emergence of the internet, interorganisational interactions are significantly going digital. However, researchers are strongly divided over the effect of the internet on firm performance. This theoretical paper discusses the effect of internet usage for transactions, communications and marketing between value chain partners, on interfirm relationship and performance. This analysis is done holistically through the theoretical lens of computer mediated communication, knowledge management, organisational learning, and the resource-based view. The paper’s argues that internet usage between partner firms does have a positive effect on information sharing and joint problem solving, in turn positively affecting interfirm relationship and performance. Propositions and a theoretical framework of internet driven management of interfirm relationship and performance are developed to reflect these effects.
Estimating nucleotide diversity from random amplified polymorphic DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism data.

Abstract A way to estimate the index of nucleotide diversity (π) from band match frequencies in random amplified polymorphic DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism data is described. π is shown to be a simple function of the proportion of mismatched bands between two individuals drawn at random from a population (φ) and the number of discriminating sites in the amplification system. The method is computationally and conceptually simple and avoids some of the assumptions inherent in other approaches: the relationship is independent of the base composition of the target DNA and avoids the bias inherent in estimations of allelic frequencies in dominant systems. Only two individuals from a population are needed to estimate π. This economy of material suggests utility of this approach in conservation genetics or other fields where obtaining large samples is impractical or undesirable.
Effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone and estradiol on c-fos expression in the rat hippocampus.

Abstract The effects of ovariectomy, estradiol, and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) on the protein synthetic activity of hippocampal neurons were studied with immunohistochemistry for the proto-oncogene c-fos. Ovariectomy caused a reduction in the number of c-fos-positive neurons to 16% in area CA1 and to 25% in area CA3 when compared to that in the intact control animal. The dentate gyrus was only slightly affected. The decline in the number of c-fos-immunoreactive neurons in the Ammon's horn was partially reversed by a single intravenous injection of estradiol which resulted in the expression of c-fos in 71% of the neurons in area CA1 and 74% in CA3 when compared to the numbers of positive cells in the control animals. Similarly, intracerebroventricular injections of 10 μM GnRH caused an increase in the number of c-fos-positive cells to 68% in area CA1 and to 52% in area CA3 compared to that in the control animals. The induction of c-fos synthesis after estradiol and GnRH was transient and reached a maximum after 1 to 2 h before it declined to pretreatment levels after 8 h. The results suggest that both estradiol and GnRH exert specific effects on protein synthesis in certain neurons of the hippocampus and that these effects of the hormones are, at least in part, mediated by c-fos.
Child abuse--controversies and imposters.

hild abuse and neglect continue to threaten children in the United States and around the world with awesome frequency. According to the Third National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect, 1,553,800 US children were harmed intentionally by either an abusive act or an omission of care in 1993. This represented a 67% increase over the number of victims determined by the Second National Incidence Study in 1986. Also disturbing is that the number of "seriously injured" victims has quadrupled. 1 One recent review reported that about 2000 children die annually in the United States as a result of child abuse and neglect. 2 Although we now have increasing abilities to detect inflicted injuries or neglect in both dead and surviving victims of child abuse, controversy exists among medical and other professionals around several issues, including the recognition, reporting, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and biomechanics of inflicted versus noninflicted trauma and sudden, unexpected deaths of children. Sometimes the controversy is valid, representing different theories based on an evolving science. At other times there is conflict generated by personal bias, speculation, or, at its worst, personal gain. At a basic level, controversy exists between physicians and other health care providers around the issue of participation in diagnosing and reporting child abuse and neglect. Commonly cited reasons for avoiding child abuse work include
Solitary Nocardia farcinica brain abscess in an immunocompetent adult mimicking metastatic brain tumor: rapid diagnosis by pyrosequencing and successful treatment.

Abstract Background Nocardia brain abscess carries a higher morbidity and mortality rate than other bacterial cerebral abscesses, with reported mortality rates of 55% and 20% in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, respectively. To prevent a delay in diagnosis and treatment, an aggressive therapeutic approach is required. In the present study, a rapid and accurate molecular diagnostic approach using pyrosequencing (PS), a semiautomated molecular genotyping method of nucleotide sequencing-by-synthesis, was performed. Case description A 53-year-old man developed word-finding difficulties, followed by confusion and disorientation. On examination, the patient had a mixed aphasia; the receptive component was greater than the expressive component. The remainder of his neurologic examination findings was normal. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a 2.0-cm multilobular, partially cystic, peripheral-enhancing mass in the posterior left temporal-parietal region with significant vasogenic edema and localized mass effect. A detailed laboratory investigation revealed that this patient was immunocompetent. An awake left posterior temporal-parietal craniotomy with cortical motor and speech mapping, using frameless stereotactic image guidance and intraoperative real-time ultrasound, was performed. Frozen section was consistent with cerebral abscess and methenamine silver staining revealed many beaded, thin-branching gram-positive bacilli. Colonies suspicious for Nocardia sp were seen within 2 days, and PCR followed by pyrosequencing (PS) identified Nocardia farcinica . Conclusions We report a nocardial cerebral abscess mimicking a metastatic brain tumor, and we demonstrate that PS technology can be used for the accurate and rapid identification of N farcinica isolated from a brain abscess—facilitating a rapid diagnosis and successful, durable treatment.
Adrenal medullary ribbon grafts in non-human primates : transplant method

Abstract A novel stereotaxic method permits the transplantation of autologous adrenal medullary tissue into the brain parenchyma in longtailed macaques. Long, narrow “ribbons” of intact medullary tissue are drawn into a 19-gauge needle by suction and deposited in the caudate, putamen or substantia nigra without collapsing their linear conformation. Methods of dissection, preparation of medullary ribbons, stereotaxic insertion, and chronic intracerebroventricular treatment are described in detail. The ribbon method consistently yields a large amount of viable adrenal tissue after the 4–8 week survival times tested. Although further development is necessary before this method can be applied in humans, the results suggest that autologous adrenal tissue may be viable when transplanted in human parkinsonian patients according to these methods.
Consent Issues in Neurology

The requirement that doctors obtain valid consent from patients before providing medical treatment has long been ingrained in both legal doctrine and medical ethics. We summarize the foundations of the informed consent doctrine and discuss the recent evolution in thinking about consent and medical decision making. We show how consent has evolved from physicians merely providing patients information to shared decision making between patients and physicians. We then address three specific examples of situations common in neurological practice that pose challenges in obtaining valid consent: the administration of intravenous tPA following ischemic stroke, consideration of carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery stenosis, and implementation of do-not-resuscitate orders.
Shoulder impingement syndromes in athletes and their surgical management

The painful arc syndrome may be produced by im pingement of the supraspinatus tendon, the biceps tendon, or the greater tuberosity of the humerus against the coracoacromial arch. Where conservative measures have failed, surgical intervention may pro vide considerable symptomatic relief by decompress ing the coracoacromial arch. In 20 cases surgically treated for biceps or supraspinatus impingements, 17 patients have returned to sporting activities without symptoms. The painful arc syndrome persists in three patients but they are symptomatically improved. Six patients with complete rotator cuff tears and subse quent impingement of the greater tuberosity of the humerus against the coracoacromial arch underwent widespread decompression. Five of the patients have returned to sporting activities much improved. Failure to recognize the associated acromioclavicular joint pathology is a frequent cause of failure of surgical treatment.
Kinetics of the Uncatalyzed Hydrostannation of Diethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate

Hydrostannation of carbon–carbon triple bonds is usually catalyzed by a free radical initiator or by metal complexes of palladium, molybdenum or rhodium. However, when the triple bond is substituted with an effective electron‐withdrawing group, the addition reaction will proceed in the absence of a catalyst. In this paper we report the kinetics of hydrostannation of diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, (1), with trimethylstannane (2a), tri‐n‐propylstannane (2b), tri‐n‐butylstannane (2c), and triphenylstannane, (2d). Rate constants for these reactants were determined in acetonitrile at 25, 35, and 45 °C. Also, rate constants for trimethylstannane and tripropylstannane were determined in cyclohexane and trimethylstannane‐d1 (2e), in acetonitrile. Finally, the hydrostannation with tributylstannane was run at 25, 35, and 45 °C in 95% ethanol. Where appropriate, enthalpies and entropies of activation were determined.
Advances in hydrostatic leveling with the NPH6, and suggestions for further enhancements

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of hydrostatic leveling and tilt measurement, with an emphasis on the Pellissier H5, and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory NPH6. Details of the NPH6 design are described, experimental results are discussed, suggestions are made for further enhancements, and additional potential applications are offered.
Predictors of Anonymous Cyber Aggression: The Role of Adolescents' Beliefs About Anonymity, Aggression, and the Permanency of Digital Content

Abstract Little attention has been given to whether adolescents' beliefs about anonymity and their normative beliefs about cyber aggression jointly increase their perpetration of cyber aggression. To this end, the present longitudinal study examined the moderating influence of these variables on the relationships among adolescents' attitudes toward the permanency of digital content, confidence with not getting caught, and anonymous cyber aggression (ACA) assessed 1 year later (Time 2). These associations were examined among 274 7th and 8th graders and through five technologies, including social networking sites (SNS), e-mail, instant messenger (IM), mobile phones, and chatrooms. Findings indicated that increases in Time 2 ACA and attitudes toward the permanency of digital content were more strongly related when adolescents reported greater confidence with not getting caught and higher normative beliefs concerning cyber aggression through SNS and mobile phones. In addition, higher levels of attitudes towar...
A mechanism for the generation of self-tolerance.

We propose that immunologic tolerance to self-antigens is due to the production of specific antibody against the antigen combining sites in the receptors of self-reactive lymphoid cells. Generation of this suppressive antibody is dependent upon an early auto-aggressive response in which proliferation of self-reactive lymphoid clones quantitatively favors presentation of their receptors as antigens. Combining sites are qualitatively good antigens in the pretolerant animal because they are associated with antigens that can serve as recognition sites for those thymic lymphocytes that are necessary to trigger the production of antibody. Thus, self-antigens adjacent to combining sites can serve as carriers to promote antibody responses against the combining sites. Antibody generated against the self-reactive combining sites in this early interval suppresses the self-reactive cells and establishes tolerance. We postulate that, after tolerance has been established, the immune response is regulated primarily by the interactions between receptors, foreign antigen, and antigen-specific antibody. This theory on the generation of tolerance by production of antibody to combining sites would explain a number of observations on graft-versus-host disease, neonatal chimeric tolerance, establishment of new transplantation tolerance in adult radiation chimeras, and the failure of young animals to produce significant amounts of antibody against foreign antigens.
DEVELOPMENT OF MUCILAGINOUS SURFACES IN EUGLENOIDS. I. STALK MORPHOLOGY OF COLACIUM MUCRONATUM1

The envelope and stalk of Colacium mucronatum Bourr. & Chad, were examined in living cells with light microscopy and in fixed preparations with scanning electron microscopy using critically point dried (CPD) and freeze dried (FD) preparations. The envelope of palmelloid cells is formed over the entire cell surface by many individual strands attached at right angles to areas of articulation of the pellicular strips. Strands were observed to anastomose on the posterior tip of otherwise naked cells. Stalks of living cells in India ink preparations had an optically dark inner core with a lighter outer sheath. In FD stalks a definite inner core was not evident, whereas CPD stalks had an outer surface composed of thick strands which may be the collapsed and aggregated strands of the FD stalks. In both there was also an amorphous matrix. The stalk forms from the aggregation of many strands from the anterior cell tip back to a point encompassing the cell surface anterior to a cross section of the tip 9 μm diam. The outer surface of the stalk comes from the pellicular surface joining that area and the core from the cell tip in the area of the canal opening. Any possible participation of the inner canal surface in stalk formation could not be determined because of the great density of the mucilage at the cell-tip/stalk junction.
Furman and Gregg exit death row?: Un-weaving an old controversy

A examination of the literature surrounding Furman , Gregg , and death row reveals a complex and limited story of the death penalty. Since the focus has been almost exclusively on executions and commutations, little is known about other possible death sentence outcomes. The primary goal in this paper is to: (1) unravel a series of issues regarding the death penalty; (2) made an argument into way the death penalty should be examined by the totality of its outcomes; and (3) explore which outcomes should be analyzed more carefully, and be a more explicit and better documented part of capital punishment discussion.
Topics in high resolution spectroscopy of stored ions

Recent developments in stored ion spectroscop are discussed with emphasis on the following aspects: (i) Very high resolution experiments. (ii) Precision spectroscopy of one-electron ions. (iii) Measurement of the magnetic moment of the bound electron. (iv) Feasibility of external ion injection to extend ion storage techniques to highly charged and possibly radioactive ions. The question of what can be learned from these experiments about nuclear structure and quantum electrodynamical contributions to the hyperfine interaction and the atomic Zeeman effect is addressed.
Enthalpies of formation of microporous titanosilicates ETS-4 and ETS-10

The energetics of microporous titanosilicates ETS-4 (K1.13Na3.92Ti3.07Si8.17O25·8.64H2O) and ETS-10 (K0.61Na1.09Ti1.10Si4.98O13·2.89H2O) has been investigated by high-temperature drop solution calorimetry using lead borate as the solvent at 974 K. Combining the measured heats of drop solution with the published enthalpies of drop solution and formation for the constituent oxides, the standard enthalpies of formation from the oxides (ΔH0f,ox) and from the elements (ΔHf,el0) for both phases were derived for the first time. The obtained values (in kJ/mol) are as follows: ΔHf,ox0(ETS-4)=−818.5±13.1, ΔHf,el0(ETS-4)=−14,642.8±15.9, ΔHf,ox0(ETS-10)=−262.2±3.1, and ΔHf,el0(ETS-10)=−6995.2±6.1. Comparison between the ΔHf,ox0 (or ΔHf,el0) values of the two phases suggests that ETS-4 is thermodynamically more stable than ETS-10 with respect to the oxides (or the elements) at 298 K and 1 atm. This behavior can largely be attributed to the higher degree of hydration of ETS-4 than that of ETS-10.
Postmodernism comes to program evaluation II: A review of Denzin and Lincoln's Handbook of qualitative research

Abstract Denzin and Lincoln's Handbook of Qualitative Research represents a major publishing event. It comprehensively gathers together and organizes rapidly growing developments in the philosophy, theory and method of conducting qualitative research. While this sounds innocent enough, the power and foundational core behind these developments is explosive: it is the postmodernist attack on the traditional, quantitative methods of positivist social science (including positivist program evaluation). In fact, this book might have well been titled the “Handbook of Postmodern Research.” Postmodernism brings with it highly controversial themes, such as the impossibility of objective knowledge, relativism, the blurring of boundaries between the social sciences and the humanities, and the politicization of social science by such ideologies as feminism, neo-Marxism, and anti-racism. The present review of the Handbook begins with a general orientation to postmodernism and the philosophical paradigms it has nourished. The implications of these paradigms for the organization of the book are then explored. Specifically, Denzin and Lincoln organize the book by the phases of a research study — introduction, research design and method, results, and discussion — with many of the chapters reviewing their topic across paradigms. It is argued that this organization results in two problems: redundancy in the comparison of different paradigms, and violation of the concept of a paradigm as an organizing framework. The review concludes with a discussion of the major significance of the Handbook as a documentation and reflection of the profound changes taking place in the basic assumptional systems that guide all social science.
Transcortical surgery for lateral ventricular tumors.

Object Tumors of the lateral ventricle can be removed via two major approaches: the transcallosal or the transcortical route. The purpose of this study is to discuss the techniques and outcomes in transcortical surgery of tumors located in the lateral ventricle. Methods An experience with 29 consecutive lateral ventricular tumors resected via the transcortical route, over a 5-year period, is presented. The risks, complications, and outcomes of this surgical series, as well as those reported in the literature, are discussed. Surgical approaches to all five regions of the lateral ventricle are described. Neuropsychological, functional, and neurological outcomes are evaluated. Conclusions The transcortical technique makes it possible to resect lesions in each of the five regions of the lateral ventricle. It provides superior microsurgical working space and flexibility for maneuvering within the lateral ventricle. The key to a successful transcortical approach is an understanding of the functional anatomy of ...
SECULAR TRENDS IN CHOLESTEROL FOR SUBURBAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK, 1987 - 1995. † 21

A secular trend toward increasing obesity in American children has been observed. The effect of this trend on other cardiovascular risk factors has been less widely documented. Measurement of serum cholesterol provides the single best yard stick to screen for future cardiovascular risk.
Mitochondria in liver cells of fed and starved salamanders

In the hepatic cells of well-fed salamanders (Triturus pyrrhogaster) elongated mitochondria predominate which exhibit a diversity of shapes. Starvation tends gradually to produce a shift in predominance from the elongated to the granular forms of mitochondria; terminally looped and ring-shaped mitochondria also characteristic of the well-fed condition, gradually become rare to absent. Beaded elongated mitochondria increase in number after short periods of fasting, and appear to be transitional between smooth elongated mitochondria and granular mitochondria. Re-feeding tends to bring about a recovery of the mitochondrial picture of the well-fed animals. There are exceptions to the above general trend which show that the length of starvation and digestive activity are not the only factors that account for the changes in the mitochondrial condition. A closer relation is found between the mitochondrial condition and the relative amounts of fat and glycogen in the cell. It can be stated as a rule that the shift in predominance from elongated mitochondria to granular mitochondria parallels the decrease in amount of fat and glycogen in the cell.
Sexual Contact During and After Professional Relationships: Practices and Attitudes of Female Counselors

A national sample of female counselors (N = 377) was surveyed regarding sexual contact in professional relationships. Few respondents reported engaging in sexual contact either during or following professional relationships with clients, supervisees, or students. Individuals with doctoral degrees were more likely to have engaged in sexual contact with their own counselors, supervisors, or teachers. Counselors viewed sexual contact in current professional relationships as less ethical than contact in subsequent relationships, although relationships with former clients were seen as less ethical than relationships with former supervisees or students. Compared with male counselors from a previous study, female counselors were less likely to report sexual contact in their professional roles. Implications for research and training are discussed.
Microbial degradation of Rhizophora mangle leaves immersed in the sea

Abstract The leaching and degradation of senescent leaves of red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) immersed in the water column adjacent to a mangrove stand on Virginia Key, Florida were investigated. During the first 70 days the carbon content decreased from 46·2 to 36·2% while the nitrogen content increased from 0·51 to 0·89%. This represented a decrease in the carbon: nitrogen ratio from 90·6 to 40·7. Readily leachable carbohydrates and tanninlike compounds were lost from the leaf material by the 14th and 28th days, respectively. These leachable organic compounds contribute to the dissolved organic matter in the water. A microbial population slowly built up on the leaf surface after the tannin was lost and the degradation of the structural material was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Changes in the caloric content of the mangrove leaves reflected their microbial degradation. Earlier reports emphasizing the role of micro-organisms in a detritus-based food web in an estuarine mangrove community are confirmed.
Modeling and prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of random open-cell porous foams

Although highly desirable, accurate prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of high-porosity open-cell porous foam materials has remained to be a challenging problem. Aiming at this thorny obstacle, we have developed a random generation-growth method to reproduce the microstructures of open-cell foam materials via computer modeling, and then solve the energy transport equations through the complex structure by using a high-efficiency lattice Boltzmann method in this contribution. The effective thermal conductivities of open-cell foam materials are thus numerically calculated and the predictions are compared with the existing experimental data. Since the porosity is high, the predicted thermal conductivity caused by thermal conduction is lower than the measured data when the thermal conductivity of either component is very low and the radiation heat transfer is non-negligible. After considering the radiation effect, the numerical predictions agree rather well with the experimental data. The radiation influence is diminishing as the material porosity decreases. In general the effective thermal conductivity of open-cell foam materials is much higher than that of granular materials of the same components due to the enhanced heat transfer by the inner netlike morphology of the foam materials.
Methods for parallel computation of complex flow problems

Abstract This paper is an overview of some of the methods developed by the Team for Advanced Flow Simulation and Modeling (T★AFSM) [ http://www.mems.rice.edu/TAFSM/ ] to support flow simulation and modeling in a number of “Targeted Challenges”. The “Targeted Challenges” include unsteady flows with interfaces, fluid–object and fluid–structure interactions, airdrop systems, and air circulation and contaminant dispersion. The methods developed include special numerical stabilization methods for compressible and incompressible flows, methods for moving boundaries and interfaces, advanced mesh management methods, and multi-domain computational methods. We include in this paper a number of numerical examples from the simulation of complex flow problems.
Using Photographs of Contrasting Contextual Complexity to Support Classroom Transitions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

A single-subject, alternating treatment study compared the impact of two types of photograph displays of contrasting contextual complexity. The study examined the impact of high-context and no-context photographs, displayed on an iPad, on the ability of three preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to transition to play activities. The influence of the two photograph types on the children’s duration of transition time, number of prompts required, and type of prompts were measured. Results indicated that both photograph types provided helpful support for the children’s transition time to play activities. Results for duration of transition time and number of prompts required during transitions suggest that the participant with more challenging needs performed more quickly and independently using high-context photographs. Results suggest the photographs that have contextual information matched to a child’s needs can provide salient information and support their transition to activities in fami...
Search on the Semantic Web

To help human users and software agents find relevant knowledge on the Semantic Web, the Swoogle search engine discovers, indexes, and analyzes the ontologies and facts that are encoded in Semantic Web documents.
How Well Should a High School Graduate Read

This writer describes a scale designed to measure levels of read ing proficiency, and a method for evaluating student reading comprehension.
AIDS virus envelope spike structure

The envelope (Env) spikes on HIV-1 and closely related SIV define the viral tropism, mediate the fusion process and are the prime target of the humoral response. Despite intensive efforts, Env has been slow to reveal its structural and functional secrets. Three gp120 subunits comprise the 'head' of Env and three gp41 subunits comprise the 'stalk' and other membrane-associated elements. The recent description of the core structure of unliganded (untriggered) gp120, compared to earlier CD4-liganded atomic structures, reveals dramatic conformational reorganization of the components and suggests a mechanism for the initiation of fusion. The structure of the key V3 loop, both in isolation and in association with the liganded core, helps define its role in fusion and as a prime target of neutralizing antibodies. Additional details are emerging regarding the structure of gp41 as it transitions from the preliganded configuration to the fusion intermediate (fusion-active or prehairpin intermediate) configuration, although much remains speculative. Recent advances in cryoelectron tomography are giving us the first glimpses of the overall three-dimensional structure of Env, which, when fitted with the available component atomic structures, provides new insights into the organization of the structural elements within the trimeric spike.
Crime Narratives, Dramatizations, and the Legacy of the Kitty Genovese Murder A Half Century of Half Truths

Kitty Genovese's murder in New York City fueled widespread perceptions about the dangers of urban life and contributed to the stereotype of the apathetic American. Gross inaccuracies in the reporting of the story, and a short but sensationalist book written by the editor who commissioned the story, spun an enduring tale of witness indifference and spawned research on the bystander intervention effect. This essay focuses on two books that commemorate the 50th anniversary (2014) of the Genovese case. Written in the true-crime genre, the books are replete with detailed portrayals of the victim and her murderer, as well as his trial and conviction and the impact of the case on American culture. The essay also explores the emerging revisionist perspective on the Genovese incident, which illustrates how the dramatized reportage of the case iconized Kitty and reserved a permanent place for her in crime victim narratives and psychology textbooks. Language: en
Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) integration for organic field effect transistor (OFET) based circuits

In this paper, we report the first silicon-on-insulator (SOI) integration technique for organic field effect transistor (OFET) based circuits. Proposed design flow relies on only basic micro-fabrication processes such as photolithography and physical vapor deposition. This novel fabrication technique allows patterning of conductive silicon gate islands on the subtrate and eases the via and interconnect patterning and deposition for a bottom-gate OFET configuration. We fabricated pand n-type transistors, and proof of concept OFET-based complementary circuits such as inverter and NAND-gate. Fabricated CMOS inverters have full rail-to-rail swing, very high gain (up to 58.3 at 60V, and 18.1 at 20V supply voltages), and outstanding noise margins of around 21V symmetric for NMhigh and NMlow at 60V supply voltage.
Critical issues in endocrinology

Endocrine emergencies are commonly encountered in the ICU. This article focuses on several important endocrine emergencies, including diabetic hyperglycemic states, adrenal insufficiency, myxedema coma, thyroid storm, and pituitary apoplexy. Other endocrine issues that are related to intensive care, such as intensive insulin therapy, relative adrenal insufficiency, and thyroid function test abnormalities are also covered in detail.
Oedipal Anxiety and Cultural Variations in the Incest Taboo: A Psychotherapy Case Study in the Nigerian Setting:

This paper reports the highlights of long-term dynamic psychotherapy with an African. The case is presented of a 34-year-old Nigerian exarmy officer with the onset of panic symptoms following the d...
Long-range tracking of thunderstorms using sferic measurements

[1] Each lightning stroke launches an electromagnetic pulse, known as a radio atmospheric or sferic that propagates in the waveguide between the Earth and the ionosphere. Sferics, with most of their energy contained in the frequency band from 3 Hz to 30 kHz, can propagate with low loss to distances of tens of megameters. Using very low frequency (VLF) magnetic field measurements at Palmer Station, Antarctica, the azimuths of sferics originating in North America (∼10,000 km range) are found to be measurable to less than 1 degree accuracy. Analysis of the arrival azimuths at Palmer Station allows the assessment of lightning flash rates of storms occurring in diverse regions of the globe including North America and Africa. Arrival azimuths are compared with flash level data from the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) and 83.6% of the sferics that could be matched to NLDN flashes were within 2 degrees of the predicted azimuths for those flashes. Results are also compared with data from the satellite-based Optical Transient Detector (OTD), and the arrival azimuths of sferics detected at Palmer Station are consistent with the location of lightning occurring elsewhere around the world. The relative distribution of and the relationship between ground flashes and cloud flashes are discussed for a specific localized thunderstorm. Evidence that sferics generated by intracloud discharges were detected at Palmer Station is also presented.
Use of symbolic computation in robotics education

An application of symbolic computation in robotics education is described. A software package is presented which combines generality, user interaction, and user-friendliness with the systematic usage of symbolic computation and artificial intelligence techniques. The software utilizes MACSYMA, a LISP-based symbolic algebra language, to automatically generate closed-form expressions representing forward and inverse kinematics solutions, the Jacobian transformation matrices, robot pose error-compensation models equations, and Lagrange dynamics formulation for N degree-of-freedom, open chain robotic manipulators. The goal of such a package is to aid faculty and students in the robotics course by removing burdensome tasks of mathematical manipulations. The software package has been successfully tested for its accuracy using commercially available robots. >
Effects of Fat Level and Cooking Method on Sensory and Textural Properties of Ground Beef Patties

Effects of fat level (14, 19, 24%) and cooking method (electric broiling, charbroiling, conventional oven roasting, convection oven roasting, electric grill frying, microwave cooking) were evaluated with ground beef patties using descriptive attribute and texture profile panels. Higher tenderness and juiciness values were associated with higher fat levels in the patties. Texture profile evaluation indicated the higher tenderness associated with higher fat levels and conventional oven roasting to be due to less hardness, density and cohesiveness during initial biting of the sample. Microwave cooking produced low sensory panel ratings regardless of fat level, while patties cooked by frying had the highest ground beef flavor intensity scores. Major textural properties of cohesiveness, hardness and density were influenced by fat level in a similar manner for all cooking methods.
Development of a DSP/MCM subsystem assessing low-volume, low-cost MCM prototyping for universities

This paper discusses the design and development of a general-purpose programmable DSP subsystem packaged in a multichip module. The subsystem contains a 32-bit floating-point programmable DSP processor along with 256 K-byte of SRAM; 128 K-byte of FLASH memory, 10 K-gate FPGA and a 6-channel 12-bit ADC. The complete subsystem is interconnected on a 37 mm by 37 mm MCM-D substrate and packaged in a 320-pin ceramic quad flat pack. The design has been submitted to the MIDAS brokerage service to be fabricated by Micro Module Systems. Our experience shows that low-volume MCM prototyping is achievable and somewhat affordable for universities. The design flow electrical and thermal analyses, CAD tools, cost and lessons learned are discussed in this paper.
(Mis)seeing in/as Contemporary Art: Kiluanji Kia Henda and the Afronauts

Since 2007 Kiluanji Kia Henda’s artworks have been shown extensively on the international art circuit and included in exhibitions from Guangzhou to Sao Paulo, from Luanda to Venice. By considering some notable art projects and exhibition experiences that have occurred in this compressed time span and these different locations, this essay addresses the young Angolan artist’s engagement with the perils and possibilities of art practice as it transverses multiple art worlds. Kia Henda’s artworks engage with the potential of mis-seeing, the visual equivalent of mistranslation, in cultural exchanges between Angola and the larger world.
Distributed component hub for reusable software components management

Presents a distributed software component hub model for reusable software component management, with LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) operations and controls. We first briefly discusses the emerging software component technology and its current major research issues. Then we describe the method of using a distributed component hub for effectively resolving the hassles in reusable software-component repository management and retrieval. We specify the overall distributed component hub's framework and its design architecture. The hub's core mechanisms show how the reusable software-component repository and retrieval can be effectively managed with the distributed component hub framework. Experiments demonstrate the model's promise.
Motherhood and Reproductive Issues

The topics discussed in this chapter (menstruation, menopause, pregnancy, birth, contraception, and motherhood) are central to the psychology of women. They are, after all, experienced only by women, and most women, despite the diversity of their lives, will experience menstruation and menopause and consider whether (and when) to use contraception. The majority of women will become pregnant at some point in their lives, and most who do will become mothers. Thus, our menstrual, menopausal, and reproductive experiences have the potential to draw together women who otherwise might not have much in common, and women do, under congenial circumstances, enjoy sharing with each other stories about menarche and mothering or arguing about whose labor or hot flashes were the most difficult to endure. Although menarche can be a source of pride, pregnancy exciting, and motherhood the fount of our greatest joys, reproduction can also become oppressive to women. Obstetrics and Gynecology, the only medical specialty exclusively focused on women, essentially defines women in terms of the traditional roles of wife and mother, and it redefines normal developmental events in women’s lives into illnesses and medical emergencies (Gannon, 1998; Rosser, 1993). Medical imperialism (Gannon, 1998) and sociocultural pressures can combine to convince women that they have little control over their reproductive experiences or force them to be secretive about the decisions they have made. Therefore, counselors and psychotherapists who work with women should expect to hear a wide range of attitudes, concerns, and experiences with regard to the topics of this chapter.
Sites of multimodal literacy: Comparing student learning in online and face-to-face environments

Abstract This case study explores the efficacy of online environments for the teaching and learning of multimodal literacies. In our research, we seek to explore student learning between two groups who had experienced similar first-year composition curricula, one online and one face-to-face (f2f). Through an assessment of a pilot online curriculum taught at the University of New Mexico, which we call eComp, we explore the affordances and constraints of online and f2f learning environments for the development of multimodal literacies in first-year composition.
Independent Component Analysis for EOG artifacts minimization of EEG signals using kurtosis as a threshold

Brain electrical activity commonly represented by the Electroencephalogram (EEG), due to its miniscule amplitude (on the order of a hundred microvolts), is often contaminated with various artifacts. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) may be a useful technique to minimize the artifacts prior analyzing the original neural signal. In this paper, we used kurtosis to determine the threshold to separate the artifacts-affected ICA components from the unaffected components. Kurtosis may represent how peaked or how flat the artifacts that affect a signal are compared to the normal behavior of the original signal. To select the threshold value of the kurtosis, two statistical principles have been used: namely, the Z-score and the confidence interval. Our intention was to avoid a manual technique to determine the affected ICA components and, instead, to explore an automatic method based on the kurtosis value. Based on the observed results, we may conclude that the present technique may be used for EOG artifacts minimization.
Abstract 115: Aspirin-triggered Neuroprotectin D1 Protects The Penumbra In Focal Cerebral Ischemia In Rats

Background and Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke triggers complex neurovascular, neuroinflammatory and synaptic alterations. Aspirin and the omega-3 essential fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have beneficial effects on cerebrovascular diseases. Unlike most anti-inflammatory agents, aspirin jumpstarts resolution mainly due to acetylation of cyclooxygenase enzymes. Both neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1) and its precursor, DHA, participate in neuroprotection. Here we have tested the effect of aspirin plus DHA administration and discovered the synthesis of aspirin-triggered NPD1 (AT-NPD1) in the penumbra. Then we performed the total chemical synthesis of this molecule and, upon systemic administration 1h after 2h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), uncovered remarkable protection. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with isoflurane and received 2h MCAo. Neurological status was evaluated at 24h, 48h, 72h, and 7 days. Treatment with 333µg/kg of AT-NPD1 sodium salt (AT-NPD1-SS) or AT-NPD1 methyl-ester (AT-NPD1-ME) or vehicle (saline) (n=7-8 per group) was administered i.v. at 3h after stroke. On day 7, ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brains was conducted on 11.7T MRI. T2WI, 3D volumes, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were generated. In addition, infarct volumes and number of GFAP (reactive astrocytes), ED-1 (activated microglia/microphages) and NeuN (neurons)-positive cells were counted in the cortex and striatum at the level of the central lesion. Results: All animals showed similar values for rectal and cranial temperatures, arterial blood gases, and plasma glucose during and after MCAo. Treatment with both AT-NPD1-SS and AT-NPD1-ME significantly improved neurological scores compared to saline treatment at 24h, 48h, 72h and 7 days. Total lesion volumes computed from T2WI images were significantly reduced by both AT-NPD1-SS and AT-NPD1-ME treatment in the cortex (by 44% and 81%, respectively), striatum (by 61% and 77%) and total infarct (by 48% and 78%, respectively). Brain edema, computed from T2WI in the cortex (penumbra) and striatum (core), was elevated in the saline group. In contrast, both AT-NPD1-SS and AT-NPD1-ME decreased water content in the striatum on day 7. 3D volumes, computed from T2WI, were dramatically reduced with AT-NPD1-SS and AT-NPD1-ME, and the lesion was mostly localized in the subcortical areas. Treatment with both AT-NPD1-SS and AT-NPD1-ME significantly reduced cortical (by 76% and 96%), subcortical (by 61% and 70%) and total (69% and 84%) infarct volumes as defined by histopathology. Conclusions: Ex vivo MRI, histopathology, and behavioral testing shows neuroprotective efficacy of novel AT-NPD1 therapy in focal cerebral ischemia and uncover a novel approach for pharmaceutical intervention and clinical translation.
α-Galactoside Determinants of the I-Antigen.

SummaryThe I-antigen of rabbit and human A1I erythrocytes was found to be inactivated by a potent α-galactosidase, while its reactivity was not influenced by β-galactosidase. Experimentally produced rabbit cold agglutinins were inhibited by several α-galactosides or by incubation with heat killed L. monocytogenes, the antigen responsible for their production. However, α-galactosides did not inhibit the reactivity of two different human cold agglutinins with anti-I specificity. The differences between the reactivity of human and rabbit cold agglutinins could be ascribed to differences in the structure of the antibody combining site.
Fantasies and Transformations The Inner Worlds of Sarah Martha (Serena) Holroyd 1739-1821

On New Year's Eve 1801 Sarah Holroyd sister of John Baker Holroyd (Lord Sheffield) wrote to his eldest daughter, Maria, "I can hardly at times believe Louisa and you are not really my own. . . ." Linked with her fantasy of mother/ daughter was the fantasy of a young "companion:” from 1788 on, she was chaperoning Harriot Clinton, daughter of General Sir Henry Clinton at every opportunity——right down to Harriot's marriage with General Harry Chester in 1799. Her craving for "some young friend" was a pattern thirty years later in Lady Louisa Stuart’s view of “Lou” Clinton, who had been exiled from her family by her mother Louisa Holroyd. (And SHE had been exiled—thrown out of the family--because of the hostile sentiments of her father.) The pressures of life for women in these families—with the resulting exile or obsession--drew their fire from the tight cordon of life’s roles that were allowed for them.
The pain persists: Exploring the spatiotemporal trends in air fares and itinerary pricing in the United States, 2002–2013

In the United States, the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 prompted higher levels of service frequency between large and/or popular markets, lowering associated fares, on average. However, deregulation also increased financial instability within the commercial air transport industry, reduced quality of service, increased passenger fees and accelerated changes in the operational configurations of networks through hubbing, dehubbing, mergers and acquisitions. Over time, these market forces have squeezed service to/from smaller communities through schedule reductions and higher fares, creating “pockets of pain” in the air transport landscape. The purpose of this paper is to explore the uneven spatiotemporal distribution of air fares, by airports and associated flight segments, examining both symmetries and asymmetries in fare patterns over time and across space. Results suggest that several significant pockets of pain still exist within the U.S., and that asymmetries in air fares creates a lopsided fare structure for many smaller markets, further aggravating the fare imbalances spawned by deregulation.