cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Toward a Better Estimation of the Effect of Job Loss on Health

Previous research has shown that involuntary job loss may have negative health consequences, but existing analyses have not adequately adjusted for health selection or other confounding factors that could reveal the association to be spurious. Using two large, population-based longitudinal samples of U.S. workers from the Americans’ Changing Lives Study and the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, this analysis goes further by using respondents’ self-reports of the reasons for job loss and information about the timing of job losses and acute negative health shocks to distinguish health-related job losses from other involuntary job losses. Results suggest that even after adjustment for numerous social background characteristics and baseline health, involuntary job loss is associated with significantly poorer overall self-rated health and more depressive symptoms. More nuanced analyses reveal that among involuntary job losers, those who lose their jobs for health-related reasons have, not surprisingly, the most precipitous declines in health. Job losses for other reasons have substantive and statistically significant effects on depressive symptoms, while effects on self-rated poor health are relatively small.
The problem of spurious correlations between pairs of brain metabolite values measured in the same voxel with magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The Problem of Spurious Correlations between Pairs of Brain Metabolite Values Measured in the Same Voxel with MRS Richard Maddock, MD (corresponding author) Professor of Psychiatry Imaging Research Center University of California Davis 4701 X Street Sacramento, CA 95817 phone: 916-734-3286; fax 916-734-8750 rjmaddock@ucdavis.edu The author has no conflicts of interest to disclose, and is solely responsible for all aspects of this correspondence. word count: 474
Interpreting landscape change: Measured biophysical change and surrounding social context

Although research assessing both biophysical landscape conditions and social perceptions provide critical data on change, these methods are seldom integrated. In this study, we examined landscape change in the Central Iowa region by pairing quantitative data on changes to natural areas, streams, and housing density over the past 60 years with a qualitative social assessment of current resident stakeholders’ interpretations of these changes. We found participants intuitively curious about and interested in landscape change within their region, and their interpretations of change to be fairly complex. Perceptions of change generally included an evaluative assessment, which often served to place measures of landscape salient to residents within a dualistic framework. This perspective both colored the data regarding landscape change and directed them to focus on attributes of change that the quantitative assessment did not. Finally, participants sometimes varied in their ability to assess change among metrics. These findings suggest how data gathering activities might be better sequenced and how metrics might better constructed to improve the utility and robustness of both participatory and non-participatory landscape change assessments.
Long‐term performance of passive materials for removal of ozone from indoor air

The health effects associated with exposure to ozone range from respiratory irritation to increased mortality. In this paper, we explore the use of three green building materials and an activated carbon (AC) mat that remove ozone from indoor air. We studied the effects of long-term exposure of these materials to real environments on ozone removal capability and pre- and post-ozonation emissions. A field study was completed over a 6-month period, and laboratory testing was intermittently conducted on material samples retrieved from the field. The results show sustained ozone removal for all materials except recycled carpet, with greatest ozone deposition velocity for AC mat (2.5-3.8 m/h) and perlite-based ceiling tile (2.2-3.2 m/h). Carbonyl emission rates were low for AC across all field sites. Painted gypsum wallboard and perlite-based ceiling tile had similar overall emission rates over the 6-month period, while carpet had large initial emission rates of undesirable by-products that decayed rapidly but remained high compared with other materials. This study confirms that AC mats and perlite-based ceiling tile are viable surfaces for inclusion in buildings to remove ozone without generating undesirable by-products. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The use of passive removal materials for ozone control could decrease the need for, or even render unnecessary, active but energy consuming control solutions. In buildings where ozone should be controlled (high outdoor ozone concentrations, sensitive populations), materials specifically designed or selected for removing ozone could be implemented, as long as ozone removal is not associated with large emissions of harmful by-products. We find that activated carbon mats and perlite-based ceiling tiles can provide substantial, long-lasting, ozone control.
THE UNBEARABLE LIGHTNESS OF EX‐PATS: Double Binds of Humanitarian Mobility

This article addresses legacies of national origin within global forms. Focusing on tensions related to human resources, I consider the case of the humanitarian organization Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF, or Doctors Without Borders). Since 1971, MSF has grown into a large, transnational NGO sponsoring a variety of medical projects worldwide. Amid recent efforts to “decolonize” its human profile, MSF has debated the appropriate role, motivation and remuneration of both international volunteers and local support staff it hires at mission sites. Given the different degrees of ease with which situated persons can travel, the organization's conflicting impulses place it in a classic double bind: to remain mobile it must limit local attachments, while to achieve equality it must embrace them. The figure of the ex-patriate thus suggests a mundane but precise measure for the threshold of inequality.
Ethical Dilemmas in a California City: Lessons in Leadership, Transparency, and Accountability

DOI 10.1515/cjpp-2013-0018 Calif. J. Politics Policy 2014; 6(4): 577–598 Theodore Patrick Byrne* Ethical Dilemmas in a California City: Lessons in Leadership, Transparency, and Accountability Abstract: Ethical conduct is essential in order to promote and build organizations of integrity. This case study examines ethical transgressions that occurred in Bell, California, which significantly jeopardized the principles of democratic govern- ance. Ethical leadership, transparency, and accountability are effective tools which can be used to reduce the potential for future unethical conduct. Keywords: accountability; corruption; democratic governance; government; leadership; transparency. *Corresponding author: Theodore Patrick Byrne, CSUDH – Department of Public Administra- tion, 1000 E. Victoria Street, Carson, California 90747, USA, Tel.: 3107149483, e-mail: tbyrne@csudh.edu, byrnetheo@hotmail.com 1 Introduction Government organizations and their leaders are expected to act within the best interests of their constituents and promote beneficial public policy. Government organizations usually provide essential services initiated through the efforts of dedicated public servants. Ideally, these public servants collectively conspire toward achieving their unique goals and strategic objectives while avoiding con- flicts of interests and self-promotion. Each member of government in a demo- cratic society has the obligation for ensuring ethical conduct through effective leadership, thus strengthening the overall integrity of government. Though this is the way government should function, at times internal corruption is present which threatens the very dynamic of democratic governance. A case study can be used to focus on the role of democratic governance and the importance of ethical leadership within the context of city government. When high-level members of city government fail to exercise the principles of ethical leadership and/or ensure government transparency and accountability, there is a disruption in the balance of democratic governance. The failure to exercise principles of democratic governance in the city of Bell, California, resulted in cor- ruption that threatened the integrity of an entire city. Ensuring ethical principles
Immunohistologic classification of systemic amyloidosis by fat aspiration biopsy

Amyloidosis in the modern era is a spectrum of disease caused by an ever-increasing number of chemically different fibrillar proteins that accumulate in tissues. The different amyloid types can be ...
An ultra-high power amplifier and switch arrays on single wafer

A novel X-band single wafer amplifier and switch arrays are designed to work in a high Q circular waveguide cavity. This design can significantly reduce power leakage at the plane where the wafer is inserted, which is essential to achieve high Q and ultrahigh power. The array is achieved in an overmoded circular waveguide. The mode being exited and/or controlled by the array is the TE/sub 01/ mode. We hope that the use of an overmoded waveguide and the TE/sub 01/ mode would allow us to extend the power handling capabilities of the device by orders of magnitude beyond the state-of-the-art for semiconductor devices. We present the general design of the array and show several implementations.
Neutrophils in atherosclerosis: alarmin evidence of a hit and run?

Inflammation and activation of immune cells are key mechanisms in the development of atherosclerosis.1 Elegant experimental studies, typically performed in compound mutant mice susceptible to diet-induced atherosclerosis, indicate important roles for monocytes, T lymphocytes, and mast cells in lesion formation (Figure). Moreover, inflammatory pathways promote thrombosis, a late complication of atherosclerosis responsible for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. However, a direct contribution of neutrophils as the first line of immune offense (ie, acute inflammation) in atherosclerosis is controversial and uncertain. In this issue of Circulation Research , Doring and colleagues2 report that the neutrophil secondary granule protein cathelicidin (CRAMP in mice, LL37 in humans) directly promotes atherosclerosis by enhancement of the recruitment of inflammatory monocytes. Figure. The inflammatory basis of atherosclerosis. The progression of atherosclerosis is associated with multiple inter-related immune mechanisms. Proximate signals include a combination of endothelial injury, platelet adhesion, and stimulation of macrophage and T cell responses by modified LDL particles in the intima. The response of the innate immune system may also involve the transient recruitment of neutrophils expressing of alarmins, such as MRP-8/14 and CRAMP. The adaptive immune system includes proatherosclerotic responses such as IFN-γ production by CD4+ Th1 lymphocytes as well as protective mechanisms, such as the secretion of neutralizing antibodies by B lymphocytes and the anti-inflammatory activity of regulatory T cells. IL indicates interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IFN, interferon. Article, see p 1052 Early histological studies of human atherosclerotic plaque identified a rich infiltrate of immune cells including monocyte/macrophages and T lymphocytes, but failed to identify significant neurophilic accumulation.3 The paradigm of atherosclerosis as a chronic inflammatory condition gained further traction as chemokines responsible for monocyte and lymphocyte trafficking were found to regulate atherosclerosis.1 Yet, tantalizing indirect evidence implicating neutrophils in the initiation, progression, and complications of atherosclerosis has …
Effect of commercial fat replacers on the microstructure of low-fat Cheddar cheese

Summary This objective of this study was to determine the effect of protein- and carbohydrate-based fat replacers on the microstructure of low-fat Cheddar cheese. Microstructure was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Protein-based fat replacers were Dairy Lo™ (DL) and Simplesse™ (SIMP), while the carbohydrate-based fat replacers were Novagel™ (NOV) and Stellar™ (STEL). Low-fat Cheddar cheese was manufactured using these commercial fat replacers and aged for 6 months at 5 °C. Low-fat control (LFC) and low-fat Cheddar cheese made with SIMP and DL showed a rippled surface microstructure while incorporation of NOV and STEL resulted in cheese with an undulated and rough surface microstructure. Cheese made with SIMP showed void areas around the SIMP particles. Fat replacers SIMP and NOV softened low-fat Cheddar cheese by imparting discontinuity to the casein matrix. A method in which fat replacers DL and STEL appeared to soften low-fat Cheddar cheese was by having the fewest layers (that conceivably resist crushing) at the fat–protein interface. Microstructure of low-fat Cheddar cheese was effected by fat replacers.
An eigenbased cancellation ratio for characterizing adaptive array channel match

Assessing the effect of interchannel mismatches on cancellation performance is important for success in adaptive airborne radar. This paper develops a cancellation ratio metric to evaluate antenna performance as a function of available adaptive degrees of freedom using eigenvalue analysis of antenna data. Results are demonstrated with simulated antenna data and compared with other methods. The developed cancellation ratio supports better trade-offs between antenna performance and adaptive processor size.
Money and Dynamic Credit Arrangements with Private Information

Abstract We construct a model with private information in which consumers write dynamic contracts with financial intermediaries. A role for money arises due to random limited participation of consumers in the financial market. Without defection constraints, a Friedman rule is optimal, the mean and variability of wealth tend to fall with inflation in the steady state, and the welfare effects of inflation are very small. With defection constraints, the effects of inflation on the distribution of welfare and consumption are large, but the effect on average welfare is still small. The relaxation of defection constraints resulting from higher inflation can cause a substantial increase in the real interest rate. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D8, E4, G2.
Interpretation of the heat capacity of polymer melts

Heat capacity values for melts of polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), polypropylene, and polyethylene are calculated on the assumption that the total constant-volume heat capacity Cv is made up of two parts: one associated with molecular vibrations, and one, with holes. Numerical values of both components are given for a wide range of temperatures and compared with experimental data. For poly-1-butene insufficient data for complete evaluation are available, so that only the vibrational contribution could be discussed.
Prevalence of gambling among Minnesota public school students in 1992 and 1995.

The purposes of this study were to examine the prevalence of gambling among youth, compare rates of gambling between 1992 and 1995, and determine what levels of gambling frequency may be considered common and uncommon. The two samples included 122,700 Minnesota public school students in the 6th, 9th, and 12th grades in 1992; and 75,900 9th and 12th grade students in 1995. Students were administered the Minnesota Student Survey, a 126-item, anonymous, self-administered, paper-and-pencil questionnaire that inquires about multiple content domains, including gambling behaviors. The same questionnaire, with minor revisions to the gambling items, was administered in both 1992 and 1995 to students in their classrooms by the Minnesota Department of Education. There were slight decreases in overall gambling rates from 1992 to 1995. The majority of students gambled at least once during the past year. However, most did not play any game on a weekly/daily rate and did not report any problems associated with their gambling. Gender, grade, and race effects were found for gambling frequency. Boys gambled more often than girls, and 9th and 12th grade students gambled more often than 6th grade students. Asian American and White students reported lower rates of gambling frequency than Mexican/Latin American, African American, and American Indian students. From a statistical standpoint (i.e., beyond the 97.7 percentile), it may be considered in the uncommon range for girls to play two or more games at a weekly/daily rate, and for boys to play four or more games at a weekly/daily rate. Variables associated with gambling frequency included antisocial behavior, gender, and alcohol use frequency. Although the finding that gambling did not increase from 1992 to 1995 is encouraging, this is the first generation of youth to be exposed to widespread accessability to gambling venues and gambling advertising and it will be important to continue monitoring the prevalence of youth gambling.
Improving classroom learning environments by Cultivating Awareness and Resilience in Education (CARE): Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Cultivating Awareness and Resilience in Education (CARE for Teachers) is a mindfulness-based professional development program designed to reduce stress and improve teachers' performance and classroom learning environments. A randomized controlled trial examined program efficacy and acceptability among a sample of 50 teachers randomly assigned to CARE or waitlist control condition. Participants completed a battery of self-report measures at pre- and postintervention to assess the impact of the CARE program on general well-being, efficacy, burnout/time pressure, and mindfulness. Participants in the CARE group completed an evaluation of the program after completing the intervention. ANCOVAs were computed between the CARE group and control group for each outcome, and the pretest scores served as a covariate. Participation in the CARE program resulted in significant improvements in teacher well-being, efficacy, burnout/time-related stress, and mindfulness compared with controls. Evaluation data showed that teachers viewed CARE as a feasible, acceptable, and effective method for reducing stress and improving performance. Results suggest that the CARE program has promise to support teachers working in challenging settings and consequently improve classroom environments.
Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and the Overlap Syndrome

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are highly prevalent chronic diseases in the general population. Both are characterized by heterogeneous chronic airway inflammation and airway obstruction. In both conditions, chronic inflammation affects the whole respiratory tract, from central to peripheral airways, with different inflammatory cells recruited, different mediators produced, and thus differing responses to therapy. Airway obstruction is typically intermittent and reversible in asthma but is progressive and largely irreversible in COPD. However, there is a considerable pathologic and functional overlap between these 2 heterogeneous disorders, particularly among the elderly, who may have components of both diseases (asthma-COPD overlap syndrome). The definitions for asthma and COPD recommended by current guidelines are useful but limited because they do not illustrate the full spectrum of obstructive airway diseases that is encountered in clinical practice. Defining asthma and COPD as separate entities neglects a considerable proportion of patients with overlapping features and is largely based on expert opinion rather than on the best current evidence. The presence of different phenotypes or components of obstructive airway diseases, therefore, needs to be addressed to individualize and optimize treatment to achieve the best effect with the fewest side effects for the patient. Although specific interventions vary by disease, the treatment goals of obstructive airway diseases are similar and driven primarily by the need to control symptoms, optimize health status, and prevent exacerbations.
Central District Association News

(1946). Central District Association News. The Journal of Health and Physical Education: Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 293-294.
The ScratchPad: sensemaking support for the web

The World Wide Web is a powerful platform for a wide range of information tasks. Dramatic advances in technology, such as improved search capabilities and the AJAX application model, have enabled entirely new web-based applications and usage patterns, making many tasks easier to perform than ever before. However, few tools have been developed to assist with sensemaking tasks: complex research behaviors in which users gather and comprehend information from many sources to answer potentially vague, non-procedural questions. Sensemaking tasks are common and include, for example, researching vacation destinations or deciding how to invest. This paper presents the ScratchPad, an extension to the standard browser interface that is designed to capture, organize, and exploit the information discovered while performing a sensemaking task.
Operant Control of Pathological Tongue Thrust in Spastic Cerebral Palsy.

Pathological tongue thrust (reverse swallowing) has been associated with neuromuscular disorders and linked to dental malocclusion, articulation problems, difficulty in eating, and excessive drooling. In this study, observable tongue thrust in a 10-year-old retarded male was modified during mealtime using a procedure consisting of differential reinforcement (presentation of food contingent upon tongue in) and punishment (gently pushing the tongue back into the mouth with a spoon). Results of a reversal design showed substantial decreases in tongue thrust and food expulsion, and a large increase in observed chewing. These data compared favorably with data obtained for other retarded persons not judged to be tongue thrusters; in addition, the objective results of the treatment program were substantiated via pre-post evaluations done by occupational and physical therapists. These findings suggest that operant techniques may be an effective means of treating tongue thrust and its associated problems, and that further development and evaluation of behavioral interventions may provide a desirable alternative to more intrusive surgical or mechanical procedures.
A comparison of teachers’ knowledge and use of content reading strategies in the primary grades

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate primary grade (1–3) teachers’ self reports of (a) familiarity, (b) utility, and (c) perceived applicability of content reading strategies based upon the responses of 68 teachers to the Content Area Questionnaire. Frequency analyses indicated moderate to large effects of the independent variables of knowledge, use, and recommendation of selected strategies considered general to reading comprehension. Teachers did not appear to be familiar with strategies that are recommended in the professional literature as most helpful in content reading. Years of teaching at the same grade level, attendance at workshops, and taking content area reading courses all appeared to have a positive impact upon the independent variables.
Origin of gross structure in /sup 12/C + /sup 12/C and /sup 16/O + /sup 16/O inelastic scattering

A nonresonant diffraction-model calculation is found adequate to describe the gross-structure behavior thus far observed in the $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ + $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ and $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ + $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ inelastic scattering excitation functions.
The Problem of the " Dangerous Carrier " of Hemolytic Streptococci. I. Number of Hemolytic Streptococci expelled by Carriers with Positive and Negative Nose Cultures.

That all carriers** of hemolytic streptococci*** are not equally capable of transmitting infection to others has become increasingly clear during recent years. Leonard Colebrook recognized, in 1933,1 that there were probably "dangerous" carriers, as well as relatively harmless ones among the general population. Hare,2 too, was impressed by the fact that though the average throat carrier rate for Group A streptococci in the normal population was about 7%, the number of cases of hemolytic streptococcal infection was relatively low. Coburn3'4 also stressed this problem and has suggested that biological changes take place in certain strains of streptococci which render them "communicable", as contrasted with ordinary strains which are not readily "communicable". During the course of studies in the transmission of hemolytic streptococcal infections over the past 2 years,5,6,7 certai facts have emerged which suggested that the most important difference between one carrier and another may reside in the actual number of hemolytic streptococci the carrier is capable of expelling, rather than in a fundamental biological change produced in the microorganisms by the carrier's tissues. These facts are:
Diurnal Variation in the Free Activity of Sheep and Pig

In the investigation of the problem of experimental neurosis in animals, one of the possible causative factors to be considered is restriction through habituation of the animal's freedom of movement. As an approach to this part of the problem, a study of the animal's spontaneous activity previous to any restriction becomes pertinent.Experimental neurosis in the sheep leads to a permanent state of hyperexcitability with loss of formerly established discriminations.1 In the dog the neurosis may manifest itself in chronic somnolence or in hyperexcitability during the conditioning tests.2 It is reasonable to suppose that the absence of the enduring somnolent or inhibitory experimental neurosis in the sheep may be related to the fact that the sheep does not sleep as the dog does. The pig is a sound sleeper and for this reason it was decided to compare the diurnal cycles of spontaneous activity in these sleeping and non-sleeping animals.The subjects for investigation were 10 sheep, of both sexes, ranging in age...
Dependence of Hardness on Modulation Amplitude in Compositionally Modulated Cu-Ni Thin Films

The hardness dependence on the composition modulation amplitude of electrodeposited Cu-Ni multilayered thin films was investigated. The composition modulation amplitude was reduced by annealing the films, resulting in interdiffusion between the Cu and Ni layers. The hardness enhancement ΔH over that for a completely intermixed film was measured as a function of composition modulation amplitude A. It was found that for films with a sine wave composition profile, the hardness enhancement ΔH varied as A1.1±0.1, in good agreement with the model given by Krzanowski [1].
Comparison of eyesight dysfunction between migrant and local schoolchildren in Shenzhen Baoan District: multilevel models analysis

Objective To compare eyesight dysfunction( ED) between migrant and local school-age children,and to examine the association of migratory status and ED among children in South China. Methods A school-based cross-sectional,stratified-cluster sample study was conducted. Students from 4 private migrant primary schools and 4 urban public schools in grade 3 to 6 were enumerated. All eligible participants finished questionnaires and implemented eye examination. Multi-level models were conducted to analyze data. Results Of 4 661 eligible participants,2 357( 50. 6%) were migrant children and 2 304( 49. 4%) were locals. Prevalence of ED among migrant children was 29. 6%,which was lower than locals with 33. 6%( P = 0. 003). After adjustment,the risk of ED in migrant group was also lower than that in locals( OR = 0. 84,95% CI: 0. 74-0. 95,P = 0. 006). The progress vision in locals was more severe than that in migrants( OR = 0. 85,95% CI: 0. 75-0. 96,P = 0. 009). Multilevel models showed that migrant population in itself has no statistically significant impact on ED after controlling for family,individual and school characteristics. Conclusions Locals have worse vision than migrants,which indicates that specific measures should be addressed to prevent and control progress of ED.
Lessons from Barack and Michelle Obama's Tax Returns

President and Mrs. Obama have made their tax returns publicly available going back to tax year 2000. While every year with the release of a new tax return, analysis turns to a particular year’s tax return, this study analyzes their tax returns for the years 2000-2004. The study shows that when you compare the Obamas’ tax return data with published Internal Revenue Service statistics, that for every year but one, the Obamas’ paid higher taxes than their financial peers – perhaps one more piece of evidence that we are not post-racial yet.
Uptake and metabolism of myo-inositol by L1210 leukaemia cells.

The initial rate of uptake of [3H]myo-inositol by L1210 murine leukaemia cells is directly proportional to the extracellular concentration and unaffected by several analogues of myo-inositol even at millimolar concentrations. Scyllitol, a geometric isomer of myo-inositol, partially inhibited the uptake of myo-inositol (40% at 0.1 mM). A portion of the uptake of myo-inositol was not inhibited even at 5 mM-scyllitol. At steady-state the intracellular concentration of [3H]myo-inositol is directly proportional to the extracellular concentration. Addition of myo-inositol to medium does not enhance the growth of L1210 cells; these cells can maintain an extracellular concentration of 20 microM-myo-inositol even when grown in myo-inositol-free medium. Synthesis of myo-inositol from glucose by L1210 cells was demonstrated by use of [13C]glucose and m.s. L1210 cells maintain myo-inositol pools by a combination of synthesis de novo and uptake of exogenous myo-inositol by either passive diffusion or a low affinity carrier.
Torn apart and reunited: impact of a heterotroph on the transcriptome of Prochlorococcus

Microbial interactions, whether direct or indirect, profoundly affect the physiology of individual cells and ultimately have the potential to shape the biogeochemistry of the Earth. For example, the growth of Prochlorococcus, the numerically dominant cyanobacterium in the oceans, can be improved by the activity of co-occurring heterotrophs. This effect has been largely attributed to the role of heterotrophs in detoxifying reactive oxygen species that Prochlorococcus, which lacks catalase, cannot. Here, we explore this phenomenon further by examining how the entire transcriptome of Prochlorococcus NATL2A changes in the presence of a naturally co-occurring heterotroph, Alteromonas macleodii MIT1002, with which it was co-cultured for years, separated and then reunited. Significant changes in the Prochlorococcus transcriptome were evident within 6 h of initiating co-culture, with groups of transcripts changing in different temporal waves. Many transcriptional changes persisted throughout the 48 h experiment, suggesting that the presence of the heterotroph affected a stable shift in Prochlorococcus physiology. These initial transcriptome changes largely corresponded to reduced stress conditions for Prochlorococcus, as inferred from the depletion of transcripts encoding DNA repair enzymes and many members of the ‘high light inducible’ family of stress–response proteins. Later, notable changes were seen in transcripts encoding components of the photosynthetic apparatus (particularly, an increase in PSI subunits and chlorophyll synthesis enzymes), ribosomal proteins and biosynthetic enzymes, suggesting that the introduction of the heterotroph may have induced increased production of reduced carbon compounds for export. Changes in secretion-related proteins and transporters also highlight the potential for metabolic exchange between the two strains.
Incidences of acute kidney injury, dialysis, and graft loss following intravenous administration of low-osmolality iodinated contrast in patients with kidney transplants.

To determine the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), need for emergent dialysis, and renal graft loss in patients with kidney transplants, who underwent CT examinations with low-osmolality iodine-based contrast material (IBCM). Our institutional review board approved this retrospective Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant study. From January 2005 to April 2015, a total of 224 CT examinations were performed using low-osmolality IBCM in patients with kidney transplants. Six patients who had septic or cardiogenic shock and 30 patients with documented, failed transplants were excluded from our analysis, yielding a total of 188 examinations. Of these, pre- and post-CT serum creatinine (SCr) values were available for 104 examinations, to allow evaluation of AKI. The mean baseline SCr and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in this subgroup were 1.37 mg/dL (median 1.18, range 0.5–6.05) and 65.8 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively (median 65, range 9–114). AKI was defined as a rise in SCr of either (a) ≥0.3 mg/dL or (b) ≥0.5 mg/dL in the 24- to 72-h period following IBCM administration. For all patients undergoing the 188 examinations, need for dialysis and graft loss 30 days after contrast administration were evaluated. In patients with pre- and post-CT SCr values, the incidence of AKI was 7% (7/104) based on a rise of ≥0.3 mg/dL and 3% (3/104) based on a rise of ≥0.5 mg/dL. All three patients with the more strict definition (≥0.5 mg/dL) had a pre-CT eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. No patient required dialysis or had renal graft loss 30 days after contrast administration. The incidence of AKI after administration of low-osmolality IBCM administration in renal transplant recipients is low, with no instances of emergent dialysis or graft loss at 30 days post contrast.
Design of an Optical Thomson Scattering Diagnostic at the National Ignition Facility

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a 192 laser beam facility designed to support the Inertial Confinement Fusion program based on laser-target interactions. The Optical Thomson Scattering (OTS) diagnostic has the potential to transform the community’s understanding of NIF hohlraum physics by providing first principle, local, time-resolved measurements of under-dense plasma conditions. A deep-UV probe beam is needed to overcome the large background of self-Thomson scattering produced by the 351nm (3ω) NIF drive beams. A two-phase approach to OTS on NIF will mitigate the risk presented by background levels. In Phase I, the diagnostic will assess background levels around a potential deep-UV probe wavelength considered for 5ω Thomson scattering measurements to be conducted in Phase II. The Phase I design of the diagnostic includes an unobscured collection telescope, dual crossed Czerny-Turner spectrometers, and the shared use of one streak camera located inside of an airbox. The Phase II design will include a 5ω probe laser. We will describe the engineering design and concept of operations of the Phase I NIF OTS diagnostic, with a focus on optomechanical disciplines.
Application of Extreme Learning Machines to inverse neutron kinetics

Abstract The paper presents the application of Extreme Leaning Machines (ELMs) for inverse reactor kinetic applications. ELMs were proposed by Huang and co-workers (2004, 2006a,b, 2015), which showed their enhances capabilities in terms of training speed and generalization with respect to classical Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). ELMs are here implemented for reactivity determination as an alternative to ANNs (e.g. Picca et al. (2008)) and Gaussian Processes (Picca and Furfaro, 2012). After a review of the main features of ELMs, their application to inverse kinetic problems is proposed. The ELMs performance is tested on a typical accelerator drive system configuration (Yalina reactor) and the inversion is carried out on an accurate kinetic model (multi-group transport).
Pseudohypoparathyroidism: one gene, several syndromes

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP) are caused by mutations and/or epigenetic changes at the complex GNAS locus on chromosome 20q13.3 that undergoes parent-specific methylation changes at several sites. GNAS encodes the alpha-subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα) and several splice variants thereof. Heterozygous inactivating mutations involving the maternal GNAS exons 1–13 cause PHP type Ia (PHP1A). Because of much reduced paternal Gsα expression in certain tissues, such as the proximal renal tubules, thyroid, and pituitary, there is little or no Gsα protein in the presence of maternal GNAS mutations, thus leading to PTH-resistant hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. When located on the paternal allele, the same or similar GNAS mutations are the cause of PPHP. Besides biochemical abnormalities, patients affected by PHP1A show developmental abnormalities, referred to as Albrights hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO). Some, but not all of these AHO features are encountered also in patients affected by PPHP, who typically show no laboratory abnormalities. Autosomal dominant PHP type Ib (AD-PHP1B) is caused by heterozygous maternal deletions within GNAS or STX16, which are associated with loss-of-methylation (LOM) at exon A/B alone or at all maternally methylated GNAS exons. LOM at exon A/B and the resulting biallelic expression of A/B transcripts reduces Gsα expression, thus leading to hormonal resistance. Epigenetic changes at all differentially methylated GNAS regions are also observed in sporadic PHP1B, the most frequent disease variant, which remains unresolved at the molecular level, except for rare cases with paternal uniparental isodisomy or heterodisomy of chromosome 20q (patUPD20q).
Taylor series expansion of psychoacoustic corruption function for noise robust speech recognition

In this paper, we present model domain adaptation algorithms for noise robust speech recognition. We have proposed a Taylor Series expansion of the psychoacoustic corruption function, which provides for superior noise robustness. The proposed joint adaptation algorithm consists of Psychoacoustic Model Compensation (Psy-Comp) and Model-domain Cepstral Mean Normalization (MCMN). While the Psy-Comp compensates for the additive noise component, the MCMN compensates for the channel component. The proposed algorithms are validated through experiments on noise corrupted TIMIT speech recognition database. We show that the joint compensation scheme provides 5% (absolute) performance gain compared to the Vector Taylor Series (VTS) scheme. Also, the proposed technique is computationally efficient and faster as compared to the VTS scheme.
The effect of platelet function abnormalities on the volume of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)

P106 Objectives: Impaired platelet function has been associated with increased propensity for ICH. Our objective is to demonstrate that patients with larger ICH volume have abnormal platelet function. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. Platelet function was measured by a standard set of tests within one week of ICH. CT scans were performed within 24 hours of the event and ICH volume determined by the ABC/2 method. Results: 12 patients were enrolled (5/12 female, 7/12 male). The mean age was 64 years (range 40–85). Four patients were on ASA. Platelet count ranged from 76 to 315 KU/mm3. Patients were divided into two subgroups based on ICH size: ≤30cc and >30cc. The two CT subgroups were similar with respect to age, sex, race, history of hypertension and alcohol abuse. We report in Table 1 the distribution of specific platelet abnormalities among the two ICH groups. Conclusions: Large spontaneous ICH (>30cc) is associated with evidence of platelet hypoactivity which appear to extend beyong ASA effect.
The Cypriniformes Tree of Confusion

In a recent paper, Mooi & Gill (2010) raised various issues related to recent developments in molecular systematic ichthyology that they found alarming. They went so far as to call this a “crisis in fish systematics.” They criticised the trend that alternative trees for the placement of a taxon in question are not critically discussed and the reason for the divergent positions is not adequately evaluated. They raise the important question “On what basis is one topology to be preferred over the other?”
Heimdall: A Privacy-Respecting Implicit Preference Collection Framework

Many of the everyday decisions a user makes rely on the suggestions of online recommendation systems. These systems amass implicit (e.g.,location, purchase history, browsing history) and explicit (e.g.,reviews, ratings) feedback from multiple users, produce a general consensus, and provide suggestions based on that consensus. However, due to privacy concerns, users are uncomfortable with implicit data collection, thus requiring recommendation systems to be overly dependent on explicit feedback. Unfortunately, users do not frequently provide explicit feedback. This hampers the ability of recommendation systems to provide high-quality suggestions. We introduce Heimdall, the first privacy-respecting implicit preference collection framework that enables recommendation systems to extract user preferences from their activities in a privacy respecting manner. The key insight is to enable recommendation systems to run a collector on a user's device and precisely control the information a collector transmits to the recommendation system back-end. Heimdall introduces immutable blobs as a mechanism to guarantee this property. We implemented Heimdall on the Android platform and wrote three example collectors to enhance recommendation systems with implicit feedback. Our performance results suggest that the overhead of immutable blobs is minimal, and a user study of 166 participants indicates that privacy concerns are significantly less when collectors record only specific information--a property that Heimdall enables.
Automatic Generation of Real-time Code Using the Beacon CAE Environment

Abstract The overall cost and cycle time for developing complex controllers is radically reduced if the analysis/simulation and/or real-time code is automatically generated from the engineering design. This eliminates time-consuming manual coding, and avoids the introduction of coding bugs. BEACON is a graphical Computer Aided Engineering environment which automatically translates block-diagrams into either simulation or real-time computer code. BEACON was developed at GE and has been in production use within the company since the first quarter of 1992. This paper will present the automatic code-generation capabilities of BEACON, including the ability to generate either FORTRAN simulation code or real-time Ada or 68020 code from the same diagram. The mapping between BEACON's graphical block-diagram "language" and the target eode will be explained.
Clinical assessment plus ultrasonography accurately predicted deep venous thrombosis

Source Citation Wells PS, Hirsh J, Anderson DR, et al. Accuracy of clinical assessment of deep-vein thrombosis. Lancet. 1995 May 27;345:1326-30.7752753
Welding Dynamics of Plasmonic Gold Nanorods Under Femtosecond Laser Excitation

Suspensions of isolated and molecularly linked gold nanorods are investigated using time-domain spectroscopy. Unique dynamics are observed for each configuration, and indicate laser-induced concatenation of the linked nanorods occurs on picosecond timescales.
Lake basin response to tectonic drainage diversion: Eocene Green River Formation, Wyoming

A previously unidentified major sequence boundary within the Eocene Green River Formation separates fluctuating profundal facies of the Tipton Shale Member from evaporative facies of the Wilkins Peak Member. During deposition of the Tipton Shale Member, rivers entered the basin from the north, across the subdued Wind River Mountains, and deposited the southward prograding deltaic complex of the Farson Sandstone Member. Boulderrich alluvial fan deposits overlie the Farson Sandstone adjacent to the Continental Fault, and correlate basinward to hypersaline lacustrine deposits of the Wilkins Peak Member. The alluvial fan deposits record a period of reverse motion on the Continental Fault and uplift of the southeastern Wind River Range, which diverted drainage away from the greater Green River Basin. This decreased inflow caused Lake Gosiute to shrink, exposing its bed to desiccation and erosion, and contributed to hydrologically-closed conditions and periodic evaporite deposition thereafter. This study is one of the first to demonstrate a direct relationship between movement along a specific basin-bounding structure, and a change in the overall style of lacustrine sedimentation. The identification of similar relationships elsewhere may challenge conventional interpretations of climate as the dominant factor influencing the character of lake deposits, and provide an important, but previously unexploited, approach to interpreting continental deformation and regional drainage organization.
Phorbol myristate acetate: is a tumor promoter acting as a hormone

Tumor promoters act on carcinogen-initiated tissues to cause phenotypic expression of malignancy. Phorbol ester tumor promoters, like hormones, act on cells and tissues at nanomolar concentrations, often producing physiological effects. These promoters also act on cells to produce what appear to be nonphysiologic or toxic effects. One of the major questions regarding these phenomena is, Which action or actions of promoters are important in phenotypic expression of malignancy. 41 references.
Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Prostaglandins in Human Kidney in Vitro

The importance of prostaglandins (PGs) in renal physiology is becoming increasingly appreciated.1 The vasoactivity of renal PGs and their interactions with the rennin-angiotensin system seem to be particularly well established. Specific renal effects of PGE2, PGI2, and thromboxane (TX) A2 have been proposed, whereas PGF2α appears to be largely biologically inert.
A comparative study of heparin responses in arterial and venous thromboembolism using molecular markers for thrombosis.

Background. Compared with the therapy of venous thromboembolism, there is little consensus regarding guidelines for heparin anticoagulation of patients with arterial thrombosis. This study aimed to identify the quantitative differences in the activation of the coagulation cascade and platelets in these two syndromes and to characterize their specific biological responses to heparin therapy. Methods and Results. Eighteen patients receiving intravenous heparin to treat venous (n=9) or arterial (n=9) thromboembolism were prospectively studied for an average of 4 days each. Clinical responses to treatment, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and molecular markers for thrombosis were measured regularly
Sargassum in the Black Atlantic: Entanglement and the abyss in Bearden, Walcott, and Philip

“Sargassum in the Black Atlantic: Entanglement and the abyss in Bearden, Walcott, and Philip” explores the figure of seaweed, particularly free-floating sargassum, as a model for conceptualizing tr...