cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Spending California's Cap-and-Trade Revenue: Understanding the Sinclair Paint Risk Spectrum

This paper assesses legal constraints on AB 32 auction revenue allocation that derive from the statute itself or from California’s constitutional restrictions on the use of regulatory fees (embodied in Proposition 13). Based on our findings, we make recommendations about the relative risks of approaches to allocating AB 32 state auction proceeds. The aim of our paper is to inform decision making on revenue allocation; as such, we do not address broader questions about the legality of the cap-and-trade program as a whole, but focus on questions that are affected by allocation decisions.In general, we conclude that the safest proposals, from a litigation risk perspective, are those that are primarily aimed at funding greenhouse gas reductions; those that achieve other goals explicitly endorsed by AB 32; those where these conclusions are supported by a factual record developed by the Legislature or by CARB; and those that avoid direct allocation of money for revenue purposes unrelated to AB 32.
Pseudoaneurysm Development After Ablation for Atrial Tachycardia in a Patient With Single-Ventricle Anatomy

A 39-year-old woman with complex congenital heart disease presented with refractory atrial arrhythmias unresponsive to multiple antiarrhythmic agents. Her cardiac anatomy included tricuspid atresia with a single left ventricle, severe pulmonary valve stenosis and transposed great arteries, and
The ‘savage’ child and the nature of race: Posthuman interventions from New York City

This article intervenes in the scholarship of race by way of the child, demonstrating how childhood is a doubly strategic site in disrupting the ontology of race as natural type or kind. One path involves disentangling children’s association with nature, a tragic knot conjoined through a particular conception of the human. This strategy reveals the savage child that apprehends and sorts bodily differences, working to sustain the nature of race. Rejecting the savage child opens up a space to view actual children through a distinct posthuman lens that emphasizes laughter, play and surrealism in everyday life. Drawing on ethnographic material where children in New York City struggled with the visibility of the body, I demonstrate that alternative ontologies of race are possible and do exist. These tasks allow both race and childhood to emerge in a new light, with important implications for anthropology’s cherished idea of the human.
The Ionospheric Plasma Research Experiment - ASUSat 1 and advanced spacecraft technology applications

The Ionospheric Plasma Research Experiment (IPRE) is a g proposed primary scientific and engineering payload for Ha Arizona State University's (ASU) student-designed I satellite program. The experiment is a spin-off of the Ia ASUSat 1 project, which is scheduled for launch in Ib March 1997 on an Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC) Ig Pegasus launch vehicle. The IPRE and its surrounding Ij satellite bus is a 4.5 kg nano-satellite, designed to Isat demonstrate new space technologies and perform Isp ionospheric science in LEO. Mission requirements Je include a 325 km altitude, 97 , inclination, sunk synchronous 6 am 6 pm orbit. The IPRE payload LW consists of a group of integrated instruments and sensors Ly designed to utilize solar power and ionospheric plasma for 1 low-thrust propulsion, attitude control, and electrical rh power generation experiments. Propulsion devices that mj use the naturally occurring plasma of a planet's N ionosphere eliminate the need for on-board propellant nj supplies and provide the capability of maintaining lowPe altitude orbits indefinitely. In this manner, the Ph spacecraft's lifetime is dependent only upon the longevity q of its components and not upon fuel availability. The Te IPRE objectives are therefore to evaluate and demonstrate Ts Ionospheric Plasma Technology as a viable alternative to u, conventional small-spacecraft propulsion systems and Va provide a foundation for the design of a new generation of Ve smaller, more efficient, advanced-technology spacecraft. Vjb Vm Nomenclature Vp Aa cathode emitting area e AC area of emitting surface TJ AI area of yoke T|a A2 area of pole TIE C Coulomb TIH D probe wire diameter TIU d emitter distance from ion flow r\i e electronic charge cp F thrust gravitational acceleration magnetic field magnitude of gap current acceleration current ion beam current emitter current ion exhaust thrust probe saturation current specific impulse emitter current density Boltzmann constant probe wire length length of yoke length of gap propellant flow rate ion mass number of turns ion density emitter power heater power electron charge electron temperature temperature of emitting surface ion velocity acceleration voltage emitter power beam ion energy average beam ion energy plasma potential ion beam velocity emissivity secondary electron yield acceleration efficiency beam energy efficiency heating efficiency propellant utilization efficiency thrust efficiency surface work function Copyright © 1996 by AIAA. All rights reserved. * Junior, Department of Physics IPRE Project Scientist Student Member AIAA t Graduate Student, Aerospace Engineering ASUSat 1 Program Manager Student Member AIAA $ Director, Aerospace Research Center Associate Director, ASU NASA Space Grant Program Professor, Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Associate Fellow AIAA § Asst. Professor, Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Member AIAA
HYPERFIBRINOGENEMIA AND THROMBOCYTOPENIA AFTER STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN.

SummaryParenteral injection of staphylo-coccal enterotoxin increased plasma fibrino-gen levels of rabbits and monkeys. The maximum titer of between 2 to 3 times the pre-challenge concentration was attained in 24 hours after enterotoxin administration. Enterotoxin also depressed the blood serotonin concentration of rabbits. This drop in blood serotonin corresponded to the decrease in number of circulating blood platelets. Both antigenic types of enterotoxin tested induced hyperfibrinogenemia and thrombocytopenia. The dosages required to induce a significant change in these two responses was close to the minimal emetic dose for monkeys by the intravenous route.
AAV and RT-PCR: true or false?

Recombinant AAV vectors are capable of long-term gene expression with low toxicity in vivo (1). Therapeutic and sustained protein expression and correction of animal models of disease are now being reported, and human clinical trials are in progress. Several laboratories have evaluated AAV-mediated transduction by a variety of methods, including the technique of RT-PCR (2–13). However, there is a potential flaw with RT-PCR analysis in this context: Specifically, a false-positive signal can be obtained from contaminating AAV single-stranded DNA (ssDNA).
Anticoagulation versus antiplatelet or no therapy in patients undergoing bioprosthetic valve implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective Use of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) versus antiplatelet (AP)/no therapy following bioprosthetic valve implantation remains controversial. The aims of the current study were to (a) systematically review the published literature comparing the use of VKA versus AP/no treatment in such patients and (b) perform a meta-analysis of the risks and benefits of using a VKA compared with AP/no therapy. Methods Five databases were searched including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid and Cochrane for randomised clinical trials and observational studies comparing VKA (group I) versus AP/no therapy (group II). Outcome was after surgical intervention. Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio (OR) was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis for the outcome. Heterogeneity was assessed by I 2 statistics. A total of 14 studies were included (two randomised trials, 12 observational studies and one conference abstract, 31 740 patients). Results Between groups I (VKA) and II (AP/no therapy), there were no differences in thromboembolic events (145 (1%) vs 262 (1.5%), OR 0.96 (95% CI 0.60 to 1.52)), all-cause mortality (351 (3.5%) vs 415 (2.9%), OR 1.48 (95% CI 0.87 to 2.50)) or need for redo surgery (47 (3.3%) vs 55 (3.2%); OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.42 to 1.58)). However, there were more bleeding events in group I versus group II (292 (2.6%) vs 189 (1.1%); OR 2.26 (95% CI 1.67 to 3.05)). Conclusions In a meta-analysis of randomised and observational studies of VKA versus AP/no treatment in patients undergoing bioprosthetic valve implantation, there was no benefit of adding a VKA regarding thromboembolism or mortality. However, use of a VKA was associated with increased risk of major bleeding.
Poesia ao vivo: algumas implicações políticas e estéticas da cena literária nas quebradas de São Paulo

Este articulo resulta de una reciente observacion de la escena literaria marginal de Sao Paulo. Organizada y frecuentada sobre todo por los jovenes de las clases menos favorecidas de las zonas perifericas y pobres de la ciudad, los saraus y slams que conforman esta escena plantean interesantes preguntas de naturaleza politica, etica y estetica. Sostengo que esos eventos en los cuales la poesia es presentada en vivo son potencialmente revolucionarios no solo por los mensajes de revuelta social e intimidacion politica expresados por unos textos principalmente influenciados por el hip hop, sino tambien por el modo en que son ejecutados y por la red social alternativa que los eventos ayudan a establecer. Parte del proceso mas amplio de empoderamiento de las voces subalternas en la sociedad brasilena, los slams y los saraus literarios en zonas pobres contribuyen a generar discursos contra-hegemonicos que pueden desestabilizar las representaciones sociales cristalizadas. Al mismo tiempo, pueden cuestionar ideas ampliamente aceptadas sobre lo que es la literatura, como es producida y distribuida.
Sex Differences in Schematizing the Behavioral Environment

Koffka recounts this old German legend to emphasize dramatically the fundamental difference between the “geographic” and the “behavioral” environment. While geographic environment refers to the objective geophysical environment, the behavioral environment is the environment as uniquely perceived by a particular individual. Though the emerging discipline of environmental psychology (Craik, 1970; Proshansky, Ittelson, & Rivlin, 1970; Wohlwill, 1970) has generated a renewed psychological interest in the molar physical environment, little attention has been addressed to the behavioral or phenomenological environment.
The Kaiser Permanente Northern California research program on genes, environment, and health (RPGEH) pregnancy cohort: study design, methodology and baseline characteristics

Exposures during the prenatal period may have lasting effects on maternal and child health outcomes. To better understand the effects of the in utero environment on children’s short- and long-term health, large representative pregnancy cohorts with comprehensive information on a broad range of environmental influences (including biological and behavioral) and the ability to link to prenatal, child and maternal health outcomes are needed. The Research Program on Genes, Environment and Health (RPGEH) pregnancy cohort at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) was established to create a resource for conducting research to better understand factors influencing women’s and children’s health. Recruitment is integrated into routine clinical prenatal care at KPNC, an integrated health care delivery system. We detail the study design, data collection, and methodologies for establishing this cohort. We also describe the baseline characteristics and the cohort’s representativeness of the underlying pregnant population in KPNC. While recruitment is ongoing, as of October 2014, the RPGEH pregnancy cohort included 16,977 pregnancies (53 % from racial and ethnic minorities). RPGEH pregnancy cohort participants consented to have blood samples obtained in the first trimester (mean gestational age 9.1 weeks ± 4.2 SD) and second trimester (mean gestational age 18.1 weeks ± 5.5 SD) to be stored for future use. Women were invited to complete a questionnaire on health history and lifestyle. Information on women’s clinical and health assessments before, during and after pregnancy and women and children’s health outcomes are available in the health system’s electronic health records, which also allows long-term follow-up. This large, racially- and ethnically-diverse cohort of pregnancies with prenatal biospecimens and clinical data is a valuable resource for future studies on in utero environmental exposures and maternal and child perinatal and long term health outcomes. The baseline characteristics of RPGEH Pregnancy Cohort demonstrate that it is highly representative of the underlying population living in the broader community in Northern California.
Improved signal to noise ratio across the spectral range for CMOS silicon photomultipliers

We report on a CMOS silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) with 9×18 microcells fabricated in a 0.5μm 2-poly 3-metal standard CMOS process. The microcells use perimeter gated single photon avalanche diodes (PGSPADs) to vary the SiPM device signal to noise ratio by modulating the electric field around the junction of the PGSPADs. Experimental measurements show that the SNR can be improved over a range of 1 to 1000 tuning the perimeter gate voltage and excess bias voltage. The technique allows for SNR optimization and tuning dependent on the application.
High frequency core coefficient for transformer size selection

Transformer design is critical as the demands on power converter efficiency and power density increase. Initial transformer core shape and size selection can be challenging, in many cases necessitating multiple elaborate design iterations to find a suitable core. A number of core constants have been proposed in the past to assist with initial core selection, however, most of them do not consider high frequency losses in transformer cores which are becoming increasingly important. The K gfe transformer design method is adapted in this paper to consider high frequency copper losses in transformer designs with bi-directional excitation and two windings. The presented expressions can be used to quickly determine the minimum achievable power losses for a given core size, material and wire diameter.
Pressure Surges in Pump Installations

There is described herein the method of water-hammer analysis and control used in the design for the condition of power failure at the pump motors of the Tracy Pumping Plant near Tracy, Calif. A su...
Mindfulness practice reduces cortisol blunting during chemotherapy: A randomized controlled study of colorectal cancer patients

BACKGROUND The objective of this randomized clinical experiment was to test the influence of a mindfulness meditation practice, when delivered during 1 session of active chemotherapy administration, on the acute salivary cortisol response as a marker of neuroendocrine system activity in cancer patients. METHODS A mindfulness, attention-control, or resting exposure was assigned to 57 English- or Spanish-speaking colorectal cancer patients at 1 county oncology clinic and 1 university oncology clinic at the start of chemotherapy. Saliva samples were collected at the start of chemotherapy and at subsequent 20-minute intervals during the first 60 minutes of chemotherapy (4 samples in all). Self-reporting on biobehavioral assessments after chemotherapy included distress, fatigue, and mindfulness. RESULTS An area-under-the-curve analysis (AUC) showed a relative increase in cortisol reactivity in the mindfulness group after adjustments for biological and clinical measures (β = 123.21; P = .03). More than twice as many patients in the mindfulness group versus the controls displayed a cortisol rise from the baseline to 20 minutes (69% vs 34%; P = .02). AUC values were uncorrelated with biobehavioral measure scores, although mindfulness scores were inversely correlated with fatigue (r = –0.46; P < .01) and distress scores (r = –0.54; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that mindfulness practice during chemotherapy can reduce the blunting of neuroendocrine profiles typically observed in cancer patients. Implications include support for the use of mindfulness practice in integrative oncology. Cancer 2017;123:3088–96. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Small molecule inhibitors of mesotrypsin from a structure-based docking screen.

PRSS3/mesotrypsin is an atypical isoform of trypsin, the upregulation of which has been implicated in promoting tumor progression. To date there are no mesotrypsin-selective pharmacological inhibitors which could serve as tools for deciphering the pathological role of this enzyme, and could potentially form the basis for novel therapeutic strategies targeting mesotrypsin. A virtual screen of the Natural Product Database (NPD) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Drug Database was conducted by high-throughput molecular docking utilizing crystal structures of mesotrypsin. Twelve high-scoring compounds were selected for testing based on lowest free energy docking scores, interaction with key mesotrypsin active site residues, and commercial availability. Diminazene (CID22956468), along with two similar compounds presenting the bis-benzamidine substructure, was validated as a competitive inhibitor of mesotrypsin and other human trypsin isoforms. Diminazene is the most potent small molecule inhibitor of mesotrypsin reported to date with an inhibitory constant (Ki) of 3.6±0.3 μM. Diminazene was subsequently co-crystalized with mesotrypsin and the crystal structure was solved and refined to 1.25 A resolution. This high resolution crystal structure can now offer a foundation for structure-guided efforts to develop novel and potentially more selective mesotrypsin inhibitors based on similar molecular substructures.
Manifest Dream Content as a Predictor of Suicidality.

A number of behavioral, social, biological, and cultural factors are associated with suicide. However, the ability to predict an imminent suicide attempt remains problematic. Prior studies indicate that the manifest dream content of depressed, non-suicidal patients differs from that of depressed, suicidal patients. The dream imagery of depressed, suicidal patients contains themes of death, dying, violence, and departure. The dream imagery of depressed, non-suicidal patients contains themes of rejection, helplessness, hopelessness, humiliation, failure, and loss. In the present study, the dream reports of 52 depressed patients were collected and rated for various themes. Patients were divided into three groups: Depressed and non-suicidal; Depressed, with suicidal ideation; Depressed, with suicidal ideation and/or attempt(s). Themes of death and/or dying, and to a lesser extent, themes of violence, injury, and/or murder occurred with greater frequency in the dream reports of depressed patients with suicidal...
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT: ORAL TRADITION, TRANSLATION STUDIES AND CORPUS LINGUISTICS / ÖLÇÜ BİRİMLERİ: SÖZLÜ GELENEK, ÇEVİRİ ÇALIŞMALARI VE BÜTÜNCE DİLBİLİMİ

The study of the world’s verbal arts offers an opportunity to consider ways that computational analysis and modeling of narratives may lead to new understandings of how they are constructed, their dynamics and relationships. Similarly, as corpus linguistics operations must define metrics, it offers an occasion to review basic interpretive concepts such as “units of analysis, context, and genre." My essay begins with an admittedly cursory overview from a novice perspective of what capabilities corpus linguistics currently possesses for the analysis and modeling of narratives. Consideration is given to the epistemological issue in the social sciences with the positivistic prescription or empiricist description of units of analysis and the potential pitfalls or advantages corpus linguistics encounters in searching for adequate equivalent terms. This review leads naturally to reflection on the crucial determinative action of context on meaning and the extent to which current computational interfaces are able to account for and integrate into global analysis of linguistic and performance dimensions such as performer, intonation, gesture, diction, idioms and figurative language, setting, audience, time, and occasion. As a tentative conclusion from this review, it can be stated that artificial intelligence for modeling narratives or devising narrative algorithms must develop capacities to account for performance dimensions in order to fulfill their analytical potential.
Assembling Early Christianity: Trade, Networks, and the Letters of Dionysios of Corinth

In this book, Cavan W. Concannon explores the growth and development of Christianity in the second century. He focuses on Dionysios of Corinth, an early Christian bishop who worked to build a network of churches along trade routes in the eastern Mediterranean. Using archaeological evidence, and analysing Dionysios' fragmentary letter collection, Concannon shows how various networks and collectives assembled together, and how various Christianities emerged and coexisted as a result of tenuous and shifting networks. Dionysios' story also overlaps with key early Christian debates, notably issues of celibacy, marriage, re-admission of sinners, Roman persecution, and the economic and political interdependence of churches, which are also explored in this study. Concannon's volume thus offers new insights into a fluid, emergent Christianity at a pivotal moment of its evolution.
Student Cultural Interaction in a Short-Term Study Abroad Program

ABSTRACTEmpirical studies of the effects of short-term study abroad programs have found mixed results. This study uses a pre-post test design to assess the effect on student cross-cultural adaptability of a 2-week study abroad program to Germany that includes substantial student interaction with Germans. Pretrip to post-trip, students showed a significant increase in personal autonomy. Comparison of pretrip student scores against scale score means identified personal autonomy as the only dimension students were not already significantly above average pretrip. Although Business students demonstrated a significant increase in personal autonomy following the trip, Letters and Sciences students showed no significant change in any of the four cultural dimensions measured.
Communication with Children with Cancer and Their Families Throughout the Illness Journey and at the End of Life

Skillful communication is imperative to the practice of pediatric oncology and pediatric palliative care. Clear, empathic, and individualized communication facilitates trust and relationship building between clinicians, patients, and families, encourages shared decision-making, and affords clinicians a valuable opportunity to integrate goals of care and quality of life into the holistic management plan. In the context of incurable illness, conversation also may serve as a therapeutic intervention itself, enabling clinicians to reframe hope, alleviate suffering, and mitigate complicated bereavement. Moreover, good communication promotes collaborative interdisciplinary care coordination and continuity, enabling the provision of services, resources, and support across various care locations and throughout the illness trajectory. The importance of providing excellent communication to the families of children with high-risk cancer and other life-threatening illnesses has been emphasized by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Institute of Medicine, multiple national oncology societies, and experts in pediatric oncology and palliative care. This chapter discusses the benefits of providing effective communication at the intersection of pediatric oncology and palliative care and reviews strategies for achieving high-quality communication between clinicians, patients, and families across a spectrum of challenging clinical scenarios. This chapter also highlights common barriers to effective communication and offers strategies to overcome potential roadblocks, incorporating recommendations from a diverse interdisciplinary team of pediatric palliative care experts.
Large Eddy Simulations of Ventilated Micro Hydrokinetic Turbine

Large eddy simulations of pre-designed micro-hydrokinetic turbine were conducted to investigate the oxygen transfer from air to water. Simulations were performed in extreme conditions having a tip-speed ratio of 3.8 that is higher than the tip-speed ratio at turbine’s design point. Air was injected from the turbine hub downstream in axial direction. Both single phase and multiphase simulations were performed to reveal the influence of air admission on the flow structures and the turbine performance. The mixture multiphase model was employed in multiphase simulation. The results indicated that turbine power generation was reduced roughly 10.5% by air admission, however the torque applied on turbine surface in axial direction did not vary significantly by aeration. The aeration assisted in the suppression of vortices within the flow field. The deviation of the power coefficient and the thrust coefficient was reduced roughly 32% through the inclusion of aeration process.Copyright © 2017 by ASME
Introduction: Different Types of Immunological Unresponsiveness

Several events may result from appropriate contact with antigenic material. First. An immune response may occur accompanied by circulating antibody. Second. The animals may not produce circulating antibody, but be primed for a second contact which results in an enhanced response. Third. Cell-mediated hypersensitivity may occur. Fourth. The animal may develop a tolerant or unresponsive state to subsequent contacts with the same antigen. This tolerant state is antigen-directed in that it does require prior contact with antigen. Tolerance to different types of antigens may be the result of different cellular events. It has been recently suggested that the tolerant state to tumors and histocompatibility antigens involves enhancing or blocking antibody. On the other hand, the unresponsive state that we enjoy to our own body constituents is the result of a central inhibition where there is the absence of an immune response.
Principles of Planar Mechanical System Modeling

In this chapter, we shall deal with the dynamic behavior of translational and rotational planar motions. The basic physical law governing this type of systems can be expressed in terms of either Newton’s law for translational and rotational motions or the d’Alembert principle. The concepts will be demonstrated by means of a number of practical examples, such as a crane crab system and an inverted pendulum. Toward the end of the chapter, we shall discuss electromechanical transducers.
Competitive Marketing Strategies

In this chapter, our concentration is to analyze the firm’s decision making under uncertainty within a competitive framework. It should be pointed out that much of the analytical issues in this broad subject remains open research questions; in particular the stochastic game-theoretic framework has not yet been fully developed. Our approach here is to first present a game theoretic formulation of competition in a deterministic, static framework. In the process, we will also discuss the empirically-motivated formulation of competitive marketing modelling commonly used in the literature. We then report a number of formulation of dynamic games relevant to the marketing literature, pointing out along the way the several recent surveys on the subject.
Preempting Private Equity: Six Ways to Enhance Value

Executives often complain that Wall Street doesn't appreciate the value of their companies. And they are often right. Research shows that companies' shares can trade at up to a 30 percent discount - either to what the companies would fetch if the pieces were on the market separately or to the value as seen by private equity investors. As the conventional institutional market has adopted passive strategies in which fund managers buy and sell companies to replicate indexes such as the Russell 3000 and S&P 500, the art of active investing has shifted to private equity firms. By adopting private equity's tactics, executives and directors can proactively create the same kind of value for their own companies that private equity investors would create in a buyout.
Why do They Come Back? The Effects of Winery Tourists’ Motivations and Satisfaction on the Number of Visits and Revisit Intentions

Few studies have examined the influence of winery tourists’ motivations and satisfaction on number of visits and revisit intentions. This study examined these relationships through 1602 online surv...
Segmentation-Enhanced CycleGAN

Abstract Algorithmic reconstruction of neurons from volume electron microscopy data traditionally requires training machine learning models on dataset-specific ground truth annotations that are expensive and tedious to acquire. We enhanced the training procedure of an unsupervised image-to-image translation method with additional components derived from an automated neuron segmentation approach. We show that this method, Segmentation-Enhanced CycleGAN (SECGAN), enables near perfect reconstruction accuracy on a benchmark connectomics segmentation dataset despite operating in a “zero-shot” setting in which the segmentation model was trained using only volumetric labels from a different dataset and imaging method. By reducing or eliminating the need for novel ground truth annotations, SECGANs alleviate one of the main practical burdens involved in pursuing automated reconstruction of volume electron microscopy data.
Recent Developments of Novel Pharmacologic Therapeutics for Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and dose-limiting toxicity, negatively affecting both quality of life and disease outcomes. To date, there is no proven preventative strategy for CIPN. Although multiple randomized trials have evaluated a variety of pharmacologic interventions for the treatment of CIPN, only duloxetine has shown clear efficacy in a phase III study. The National Cancer Institute's Symptom Management and Health-Related Quality of Life Steering Committee has identified CIPN as a priority for translational research in cancer care. Promising advances in preclinical research have identified several novel preventative and therapeutic targets, which have the potential to transform the care of patients with this debilitating neurotoxicity. Here, we provide an overarching view of emerging strategies and therapeutic targets that are currently being evaluated in CIPN.
Histoire iconoclaste de la guerre d’Algérie et de sa mémoire

This book is a history of the Algerian war (1954–1962) but also of its memory, associated with official memorials and decrees, and deserving of an ‘iconoclastic’ treatment in the author's estimatio...
Perspectives on character formation from three religious worldviews: The case of humility and intellectual humility:

This article advocates for the inclusion of theistic beliefs in the study of humility and intellectual humility and recommends the construct of worldview as a promising resource for this endeavor. ...
A CCRW receiver with a single window of variable width for mitigation of multipath and ambiguity in GNSS with MBOC signals

This paper shows that a CCRW receiver with a single window of variable width effectively mitigates multipath and ambiguity, on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) that employ Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier (MBOC) modulations. The following alternatives were tested for setting the widths of the W and BRW windows, namely: both fixed, W variable and BRW fixed, W fixed and BRW variable, both variable and W variable (without using BRW). Although all receivers that involved one or more windows with variable width were capable of eliminating multipath and ambiguity, the last alternative was selected because it corresponds to the most simple configuration among the cases tested. Besides, it is computationally simple, and thus it is completely suitable for implementation in low cost GNSS receivers.
Formal analysis of the continuous dynamics of cyber–physical systems using theorem proving

Abstract Transform methods, such as the Laplace and the Fourier transforms, are widely used for analyzing the continuous dynamics of the physical components of Cyber–physical Systems (CPS). Traditionally, the transform methods based analysis of CPS is conducted using paper-and-pencil proof methods, computer-based simulations or computer algebra systems. However, all these methods cannot capture the continuous aspects of physical systems in their true form and thus unable to provide a complete analysis, which poses a serious threat to the safety of CPS. To overcome these limitations, we propose to use higher-order-logic theorem proving to reason about the dynamical behavior of CPS, based on the Laplace and the Fourier transforms, which ensures the absolute accuracy of this analysis. For this purpose, this paper presents a higher-order-logic formalization of the Laplace and the Fourier transforms, including the verification of their classical properties and uniqueness. This formalization plays a vital role in formally verifying the solutions of differential equations in both the time and the frequency domain and thus facilitates formal dynamical analysis of CPS. For illustration, we formally analyze an industrial robot and an equalizer using the HOL Light theorem prover.
Artefacto Explosivo Improvisado: landmines and rebel expertise in Colombian warfare

In Colombia, almost all antipersonnel mines are improvised. Crafted with ordinary materials, improvised mines are inexpensive and cannot be easily sensed by metal detectors. Their Spanish technical...
Genomic Epidemiology of the Los Angeles COVID-19 Outbreak

Los Angeles (LA) County has sustained a large outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To learn about the transmission history of SARS-CoV-2 in LA County, we sequenced 142 viral genomes from unique patients seeking care at UCLA Health System. 86 of these genomes are from samples collected before April 19, 2020. We found that the early outbreak in LA, as in other international air travel hubs, was seeded by multiple introductions of strains from Asia and Europe. We identified a US-specific strain, B.1.43, which has been found predominantly in California and Washington State. While samples from LA County carry the ancestral B.1.43 genome, viral genomes from neighbouring counties in California and from counties in Washington State carry additional mutations, suggesting a potential origin of B.1.43 in Southern California. We quantified the transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2 over time, and found evidence that the public health measures put in place in LA County to control the virus were effective at preventing transmission, but may have been undermined by the many introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into the region. Our work demonstrates that genome sequencing can be a powerful tool for investigating outbreaks and informing the public health response. Our results reinforce the critical need for the U.S. to have coordinated inter-state responses to the pandemic.
A Pandemic Meets a Housing Crisis

Housing instability in the United States has been exacerbating health disparities and causing worse health outcomes for low-income individuals and people of color well before the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals with low- or no-income experience intermittent utility connection, are more likely to be evicted, and spend a higher percentage of their income on housing costs. There is an insufficient supply of safe, affordable housing. As a result, people are homeless, live in substandard conditions, and experience economic insecurity. COVID-19 increased the number of families afflicted with housing instability and prompted an unprecedented government response to this issue. Certain legal constraints that perpetuated a system of discrimination were rapidly suspended or amended when middle- and upper-class people found themselves struggling with housing and utility payments, income insecurity, and other stressors of the pandemic. Historically, these burdens were concentrated in the low-income population, with an emphasis on people of color. Therefore, it follows that the grace and concern extended during the pandemic still reflects bias against socioeconomically disadvantaged groups and empathy towards higher-income people. In many instances, laws that are equally applied to all individuals widened the gap between people at different places on the socioeconomic continuum. People facing additional hardships need extended grace periods for rent and utility payments. The short-term solutions instituted during COVID-19 did not address the digital gap, the needs of formerly incarcerated people, or the reality that low-income groups will inevitably experience the same unstable situations they were in prior to the pandemic. Individuals who are more likely to be affected by housing instability belong to socioeconomic groups that are being disproportionately and adversely affected by COVID-19. These compounding demographic factors complicate the legal response to housing problems. Recommendations for mitigating the negative effects of policies and regulations focus on addressing issues omitted from the COVID-19 housing laws, expanding the laws that were put into place, and targeting the underlying causes of housing instability in order to proactively prevent such instability. This paper was prepared as part of Assessing Legal Responses to COVID-19, a comprehensive report published by Public Health Law Watch in partnership with the de Beaumont Foundation and the American Public Health Association.
Substantive Limitations on the Power of Family Courts to Commit Delinquent Juveniles to State Custody: Analysis and Critique

This article examines the substantive limitations that are placed in some jurisdictions on the ability of a court to commit a juvenile to state custody. Some states grant nearly unfettered discretion to their family courts. In those jurisdictions, a juvenile can be committed to state custody even for the commission of a relatively minor delinquent act, such as shoplifting. In other states, the power to commit is statutorily limited to those juveniles who have committed certain specified crimes or types of crimes. Some states, for example, only permit commitment of juveniles who have been convicted of felonies. Others employ adult-like penalty schemes where a juvenile's length of commitment is dependent on whether the crime he committed was a felony or misdemeanor. This article demonstrates the benefits and problems associated with both limited and limitless commitment power. It concludes by proposing an alternative statutory scheme that provides for maximum judicial discretion while insuring that juveniles do not face grossly disproportionate punishment.
From the Blind Twentieth-Century Obstetrics to an Ultrasound Twenty-First-Century Obstetrics

Sunday, March 27, 1977, 5 PM, at Los Rodeos Airport in the Canary Island, two 747 Boeings—the 747 was considered as the safest aircraft at that time—are about to take off [2].
Determination of five common pyrethroid pesticides residues in artemisia selengensis by gas chromatography

Objective To establish a gas chromatography(GC) method for the determination of pyrethroid pesticides residues in Artemisia selengensis. Methods Artemisia selengensis samples were pre-treated by QuEChERS method and solid phase extraction(SPE) method. Then GC-ECD was adopted to detect and analyze the residues of five common pyrethroid pesticides in the samples.Results The five pyrethroid pesticides were separated well in 30 minutes and the linear range were 10.0 ~5000 μg/kg(r0.999).The limits of detection varied from 0.2 to 4.5 μg/kg. 100~200 μg/kg standards were spiked in the samples, and the average spiked recoveries of QuEChERS method ranged from 23.0% to 43.1%, with a RSD between 5.5% to 26.9%. The average spiked recoveries of SPE method ranged from 70.6% to 98.5%, with a RSD between 1.6% to 8.1%(10%)(n=5). Conclusion The QuEChERS method was simple and convenient, but the recovery rate was low and RSD was high. The method of processing is time-consuming,but both the recovery rate was high and the RSD were low. So the SPE method is much better than QuEChERS in determining pyrethiod pesticides residues in artemisia selengensis samples.
Subjective Well-Being of Children with a Migrant Background in Italy

Although research on objective dimensions of the integration of children with a migrant background, with a particular focus on educational attainment, has been receiving increasing attention, indicators of subjective well-being remain still little explored in Italy. This chapter aims to fill this gap by exploring the relationship between subjective well-being in different domains of life and two indicators of educational attainment, the average grade on Italian and Mathematics and self-assessment of school outcomes, among children with a migrant background residing in Italy. Results show that subjective well-being at school and subjective well-being in the family are positively associated with both indicators of educational attainment among students enrolled in both lower and upper secondary schools in Italy. Conversely, and importantly, subjective well-being in the social domain (discrimination) has a negative impact on the self-assessment of school outcomes. Education being one of the key areas of immigrants’ integration, the results of this analysis have crucial policy implications, even more so now that the Covid-19 pandemic has deeply affected both children education and well-being and the integration of children with a migrant background.
Determination of Transmission Integral Parameters by Simultaneous Fits to Thick-Absorber Mössbauer Spectra: Application to 151Eu2O3

Thick-absorber line shape analysis has been combined with a least-squares procedure capable of simultaneously fitting complementary Mossbauer spectra. The technique has proved sufficiently powerful that convergence has been achieved for the first time in a single least-squares fit with every parameter of the transmission integral formulation free to vary. In applying the method, transmission data were collected for nine EU2O3 absorbers distributed in thickness from 4 to 100 mg Eu/cm2. The spectra were then fit simultaneously in two independent groups, and the parameter values obtained from the two fits were consistent to within statistical error. Results for the recoil-free fractions are: fs(151EuF3 = 0.485 ± 0.005 and fa (Eu2O3) = 0.546 ± 0.016 (if α = 28.5); and for the effective quadrupole splitting parameter: e2qQ = −5.11 ± 0.36 mm/sec.
The Presentation of Ethnic Authenticity: Chinese Food as a Social Accomplishment

Ethnic entrepreneurs in American society often carve out an economic niche by means of business enterprises and cultural events that are open to the general public and showcase ethnic culture. Thes...
The P22 bacteriophage DNA molecule: I. The mature form

Abstract The DNA molecules isolated from mature particles of the temperate bacteriophage P22 are linear and double stranded, with a molecular weight of 26 to 27 million. The linear structure remains unaffected by annealing treatments of the sort that will cyclize the DNA molecules of the λ-related temperate bacteriophages. However, P22 DNA that has been partially degraded by exonuclease III does cyclize on annealing. This indicates a duplex terminal repetition of base sequence in P22 DNA, in contrast to the complementary single-stranded terminals found in λ. The length of the repeated region can be estimated to comprise 2.5 to 5.0% of the P22 DNA molecule. Full-length circular molecules can be produced also by denaturing and then re-annealing P22 DNA. This process is dependent upon complete separation of the two single chains on denaturation, and suggests that the DNA molecules released by individual P22 phage particles are circular permutations of one another. In support of this conclusion, competition-annealing experiments indicate that short fragments derived from the ends of P22 DNA contain all of the seqences present in a complete molecule. Therefore, the number of different cyclic permutations is large, and possibly equal to the number of base pairs in the genome.
Racketeering and the decline of the labor movement

Labor History presents a symposium on David Witwer's SHADOW OF THE RACKETEER: SCANDAL IN ORGANIZED LABOR. This article argues that, contrary to the view of some labor studies scholars, labor racketeers have not been good for labor unions. It documents the diverse ways in which labor racketeers harm labor unions and have weakened the labor movement.
An experimental reconfigurable OTA chamber

This paper presents an experimental prototype of a reconfigurable chamber for over-the-air testing of wireless devices. Initial measurements obtained from this prototype demonstrate that through proper optimization of the reconfigurable elements, the chamber can be used to generate target fading statistics at the device under test.
European Molecular Biology Organisation/Laboratory (EMBO/EMBL)

Two European organisations exist for promoting molecular biology. EMBO is a ‘federation’ of universities and national research centres. EMBL today comprises five well-equipped ‘central’ laboratories. These complementary organisations were institutional responses to different conceptions of how best to maintain the strength of molecular biology in Europe and halt the ‘brain drain’ of talented researchers to the United States. The federal model prevailed in the early 1960s as many molecular biologists feared that a central laboratory would be established at the expense of national facilities that were being built all over Europe. The central laboratory gained traction in the 1970s thanks in part to the expansion of the European Economic Community to include the United Kingdom. Key Concepts: Europe has two institutions devoted to promoting molecular biology at the regional level. This is a residue of history: there were strong disagreements inside the community over the best institutional form needed to advance the field in the early 1960s. A federal model competed with a centralised laboratory ‘modeled on CERN’ and it was agreed to stagger the two in time. The determination to strengthen national capabilities is always in dynamic tension with the push to establish a major European research facility. The demand for costly equipment is a necessary but not sufficient condition for establishing regional research facilities. Keywords: brain drain; CERN; double helix; Kendrew; Nobel Prize; Volkswagen foundation
Superoxide Radical and Superoxide Dismutases: Threat and Defense

An enzymic flux of O2- and H2O2 caused strand breaks in the supercoiled covalently closed circular Col El plasmid. Subnanomolar levels of superoxide levels of superoxide dismutase or of catalase prevented this attack on DNA, signifying that both O2- and H2O2 were required. Benzoate, mannitol or histidine, which do not scavenge O2- or H2O2, also protected the DNA suggesting that the proximate attacking species had a reactivity comparable to that of the hydroxyl radical. Replacing EDTA with diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid eliminated this attack. In toto the data suggest a metal-catalyzed interaction between O2- and H2O2 which generates a potent oxidant, possibly OH, which can cause DNA strand scission. The biological implications of the production and the enzymic scavenging of the superoxide radical are discussed.