cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Practice of Food Safety Supervision on Catering Industry in Huangpu District During the World Expo

This article presented the basic situation of food safety supervision of catering industry facing in Huangpu District in Shanghai during the World Expo and introduced a series of practice about grid control,rotation of execution,intensive operations,dynamic classifying regulation,and early warning monitoring and their effectiveness.To solve the problems the food safety of catering industry facing after the World Expo,measures about strengthening the supervision of small restaurants,inhibiting the market without license or beyond the scope of business,guiding self-regulation,ect were proposed.
Laissez-Colbert: Teaching Introductory Macroeconomics With The Colbert Report

The Colbert Report combines comedic entertainment and current events, two pedagogical sources that have the potential to increase student interest in classes and improve student learning. This arti...
“He Was Supposed to be With Me for the Rest of My Life”: Meaning-Making in Bereaved Siblings’ Online Stories

ABSTRACTThe present study applied relational dialectics theory to explore the competing discourses that animate bereaved siblings’ online stories about their loss, as well as to understand how the interplay of these discourses constitutes meaning of sibling bereavement. Analysis of over 70 message board postings retrieved from online support groups revealed two main discursive struggles that characterize siblings’ experiences of grief and loss: grieving as deviant behavior versus grieving as a normal process and the deceased as gone forever versus the deceased as still present. These findings illuminate the challenges bereaved siblings face as they attempt to mourn their deceased brother or sister and make sense of their grief within a societal context that oftentimes forgets or overlooks how traumatic it can be to lose a sibling.
Sports Ultrasound Applications Beyond the Musculoskeletal System

Background:Traditionally, ultrasound has been used to evaluate musculoskeletal injuries in athletes; however, ultrasound applications extend well beyond musculoskeletal conditions, many of which ar...
Sediment detachment and transport processes associated with internal erosion of soil pipes

Subsurface flow can be an important process in gully erosion through its impact on decreasing soil cohesion and erosion resistance as soil water content or pressure increases and more directly by the effects of seepage forces on particle detachment and piping. The development of perched water tables in duplex soils fosters lateral flow that can result in seepage at the surface of hillslopes and/or formation of soil pipes by internal erosion of lateral preferential flow paths. Continued internal erosion of soil pipes can lead to gullies, dam and levee failures. However, the processes involved in particle and aggregate detachment from soil pipe walls and transport processes within soil pipes have not been well studied or documented. This paper reviews the limited research on sediment detachment and transport in macropores and soil pipes and applies the knowledge learned from the much more extensive studies conducted on streams and industrial pipes to hydrogeologic conditions of soil pipes. Knowledge gaps are identified and recommendations are made for future research on sediment detachment and transport in soil pipes.
African American Academic Librarians: An Evidence Map Case Study Using Rapid Review Methodology

ABSTRACTThis article explores rapid review and evidence mapping methodology to map library literature on the presence of, status of, or support for African American academic librarians. Rapid reviews include transparent steps and are completed in a short time frame. Evidence mapping is emerging as a way to summarize evidence. A chronological map indicated topics and impacts of papers. Additional analysis also showed four broad themes: diversity, recruitment, retention, and racism. In our view, rapid review and evidence mapping methods should be considered by academic librarians. Further research should look at racism that still seems apparent in academic libraries.
Long-Term Outcomes of Catheter Ablation of Electrical Storm in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Compared With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.

Abstract Objectives The goal of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes of catheter ablation (CA) of electrical storm in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) compared with patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Background CA of ventricular tachycardia (VT) electrical storm has been shown to improve VT-free survival in patients with ICM. Data on the outcomes of CA of electrical storm in patients with NIDCM are insufficient. Methods The study included 267 consecutive patients with NIDCM (n = 71; ejection fraction 32 ± 14%) and ICM (n = 196; ejection fraction 28 ± 12%). Endo-epicardial CA was performed in 59 (22%) patients. CA was guided by activation and entrainment mapping for tolerated VT and pacemapping/targeting of abnormal substrate for unmappable VT. Results After a median follow-up of 45 (25th to 75th percentile: 9 to 71) months and 1 (25th to 75th percentile: 1 to 8) procedures, 76 (29%) patients died, 25 (9%) underwent heart transplantation, 87 (33%) experienced VT recurrence, and 13 (5%) had recurrence of electrical storm. Overall VT-free survival was 54% at 60 months (48% in NIDCM and 54% in ICM; p = 0.128). Patients with VT recurrence experienced a median of 2 (1 to 10) VT episodes in the 5 (1 to 14) months after the procedure. Death/transplantation-free survival was 62% at 60 months (53% in NIDCM and 64% in ICM; p = 0.067). Persistent inducibility of any VT with cycle length ≥250 ms at programmed stimulation at the end of the procedure was the only independent predictor of VT recurrence. Low ejection fraction, New York Heart Association functional class, and VT recurrence over follow-up independently predicted death/transplantation. Conclusions CA of electrical storm was similarly effective in patients with NIDCM compared with patients with ICM, with elimination of electrical storm in 95% of cases and achievement of complete VT control at long-term follow-up in most patients.
Notes on the Fauna of the Chipola Formation- VIII on the Presence of Arcopagia (Johnsonella) Fausta (Pulteney) With Observations on That Species

In her important monograph on "The Molluscan Fauna of the Alum Bluff Group of Florida" Gardner (1926-1950) includes a total of 483 species from the type area of the Chipola Formation: 137 Pelecypoda, 240 Gastropoda, 6 Scaphopoda. Of these, five species of Pelecypoda, six of Gastropoda and one of Scaphopoda were identified with species present in the Recent faunas, while two other pelecypod and three gastropod species are questionably referred to Recent forms. Most of the specimens in the latter group are worn, immature or fragmentary and the author makes clear her belief that adequate material would permit their separation from the modern species to which they have been tentatively ascribed. In view of the low percentage (2.28%) of species certainly identified with elements of the Recent fauna it is of more than usual interest to be able to record the presence in this fauna of Arcopagia (Johnsonella) fausta (Pulteney), a relatively common element of the faunas of southern Florida, the West Indies and the Caribbean area.
Basal insulin initiation use and experience among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus with different patterns of persistence: results from a multi-national survey

AbstractBackground and objective: People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often interrupt basal insulin treatment soon after initiation. This study aimed to describe the experiences during and after basal insulin initiation among people with T2DM with different persistence patterns.Methods: Adults with T2DM from France, Germany, Spain, UK, US, Brazil, and Japan were identified from consumer panels for an online survey. Respondents who initiated basal insulin 3–24 months prior to survey date were categorized as continuers (no gaps of ≥7 days in insulin treatment); interrupters (first gap ≥7 days within 6 months of initiation and restarted insulin); and discontinuers (stopped insulin for ≥7 days within 6 months of initiation without restarting).Results: Among 942 participants, continuers were older than interrupters and discontinuers (46, 37, and 38 years, respectively, p < .01). Continuers reported having fewer concerns before and after insulin initiation than interrupters and discontinuers, while inte...
Gel-seq: whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing by simultaneous low-input DNA and RNA library preparation using semi-permeable hydrogel barriers

The advent of next generation sequencing has fundamentally changed genomics research. Unfortunately, standard protocols for sequencing the genome and the transcriptome are incompatible. This forces researchers to choose between examining either the DNA or the RNA for a particular sample. Here we describe a new device and method, collectively dubbed Gel-seq, that enables researchers to simultaneously sequence both DNA and RNA from the same sample. This technology makes it possible to directly examine the ways that changes in the genome impact the transcriptome in as few as 100 cells. The heart of the Gel-seq protocol is the physical separation of DNA from RNA. This separation is achieved electrophoretically using a newly designed device that contains several different polyacrylamide membranes. Here we report on the development and validation of this device. We present both the manufacturing protocol for the device and the biological protocol for preparing genetic libraries. Using cell lines with uniform expression (PC3 and Hela), we show that the libraries generated with Gel-seq are similar to those developed using standard methods for either RNA or DNA. Furthermore, we demonstrate the power of Gel-seq by generating a matched genome and transcriptome library from a sample of 100 cells collected from a mouse liver tumor.
Bi-objective routing problem with asymmetrical travel time distributions

ABSTRACTRecent studies have confirmed that travelers consider travel time reliability in addition to average travel time when making route choice decisions. In this study, we develop a bi-objective routing model that seeks to simultaneously optimize the average travel time and travel time reliability. The semi-standard deviation (SSD) is chosen as the reliability measure because it reflects travelers' concerns over longer travel time better than the commonly used standard deviation. The Pareto-optimal solutions to the bi-objective model are found by using an improved strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm. Tests on a real-world urban network with field measured travel time data have demonstrated good performance of the algorithm in the aspects, such as computational efficiency, quick convergence, and closeness to the global Pareto-optimal. Overall, the bi-objective routing model generates reasonable path recommendations. The SSD-based model is sensitive to the asymmetry of travel time distribution and ten...
Chattering and stability analysis of the sliding mode control using inverse hyperbolic function

Chattering is a known issue in sliding mode control (SMC) and much research has been carried out to mitigate the chattering and its effects. In this work the chattering and stability analysis of the inverse hyperbolic function (IHF) based reaching law (RL) has been carried out. The work mathematically formulates the reaching time and calculates the describing function (DF) for the IHF based RL, which is used to formulate the conditions for chattering avoidance. The bound for the gain of RL has been calculated that will result in the chattering avoidance. Finally the proposed scheme has been used to control the speed of DC motor. Experimental results show avoidance of chattering and reduction in the reaching time.
Cetylpyridinium chloride direct spray treatments reduce Salmonella on cantaloupe rough surfaces

Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) solutions (0, 0.5, or 1.0%) were applied to cantaloupe ("Athena" and "Hale's Best Jumbo" cultivars) rind plugs, either before or after inoculation with a broth culture of Salmonella Michigan (109 CFU/mL) and held at 37°C for 1 or 24 hr. Rind plugs were diluted, shaken, and sonicated, and solutions were enumerated. Texture quality and color were evaluated over 14 days storage at 4°C after 0 and 1% CPC spray applications. A 0.5 or 1.0% (vol/vol) application of CPC after Salmonella reduced the pathogen levels between 2.34 log CFU/mL and 5.16 log CFU/mL in comparison to the control (p < .01). No differences were observed in the firmness and color of 1% CPC treated cantaloupes. Salmonella concentrations on cantaloupes, treated with 1.0% CPC, were lower after 1 hr storage as compared to 24 hr. And, Salmonella on "Athena" surfaces were more susceptible to CPC spray treatments than on "Hale's Best Jumbo." Practical applications Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is the active ingredient of some antiseptic oral mouth rinses, and has a broad antimicrobial spectrum with a rapid bactericidal effect on gram-positive pathogens. The spray application of CPC solutions to cantaloupe may reduce the level of Salmonella surface contamination during production from irrigation water and manure fertilizers and, during food processing by contaminated equipment and food handlers. Since the surfaces of cantaloupes are highly rough or irregular, bacteria can easily attach to these surfaces and become difficult to remove. Appropriate postharvest washing and sanitizing procedures are needed that can help control Salmonella and other pathogens on melons, especially on cantaloupes with nested surfaces. A direct surface spray application of CPC may be an alternative antimicrobial postharvest treatment to reduce pathogen contamination of cantaloupe melons, while providing an alternative to chlorine-based solutions.
High copy number of ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 DNA associated with malignant catarrhal fever–like syndrome in a lamb:

Domestic and wild sheep are the natural reservoirs for ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), the causative agent of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF). Virtually all adult sheep are i...
Evolutionary Theory as a Controversial Topic in Science Curriculum Around the Globe

Evolutionary theory is considered as one of the greatest scientific achievements in history of science on par with the theory of heliocentricism, general and specific relativity, and the theory of plate tectonics. However, public controversy over teaching evolutionary theory urges science educators to consider conceptual, epistemic, worldview/religious, and social/cultural factors simultaneously when teaching about evolutionary theory. In this book, we aimed to explore the influence of social and cultural domain on evolution education.
Maternal Health and Child Survival: Opportunities to Protect Both Women and Children from the Adverse Consequences of Reproductive Tract Infections

Although AIDS, human papilloma virus infection, and other newly identified sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are attracting much attention, we must remain vigilant to the serious sequelae of conventional STDs, especially in areas where traditional “venereal diseases” have not been controlled. The problems currently associated with syphilis and gonorrhea during pregnancy in various parts of the world are strikingly reminiscent of those faced by the Western world in the early 1900s. Particularly compelling is the need to control fetal wastage, prematurity, and complications in neonates caused by reproductive tract infections (RTIs), especially in Third World countries.
The Type Norm

In Chapter 4, Theorem 2.8, we reduced the study of certain subgroups of finite index in Galois groups of torsion points to the image of the type norm $${{N}_{{{{{\Phi '}}_{k}}}}}:\mathfrak{o}_{{k'}}^{*} \to \mathfrak{o}_{{K,p}}^{*}. $$ .
Family caregiver experiences with asthma in school-age children.

Purpose To examine family caregiver perspectives and experiences of having a school-age child with asthma. Method Semistructured interview with caregivers of children 6-11 years of age using a grounded theory approach. Findings A theory of the process of becoming a vigilant caregiver was generated. The process of vigilance is three-fold, consisting of a diagnosis phase followed by a battling phase and finally a resolution phase that uses various strategies to minimize the impact of asthma on the child and family. Conclusions This theory of vigilance is useful for health care workers seeking to understand families' experiences with asthma. Knowledge of families in the process of becoming vigilant may assist nurses in developing and planning interventions to improve the quality of care.
Risk factors for high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy and severe visual loss: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Report #18.

PURPOSE. To identify risk factors for the development of high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and for the development of severe visual loss or vitrectomy (SVLV) in eyes assigned to deferral of photocoagulation in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). METHODS. Multivariable Cox models were constructed to evaluate the strength and statistical significance of baseline risk factors for development of high-risk PDR and of SVLV. RESULTS. The baseline characteristics identified as risk factors for high-risk PDR were increased severity of retinopathy, decreased visual acuity (or increased extent of macular edema), higher glycosylated hemoglobin, history of diabetic neuropathy, lower hematocrit, elevated triglycerides, lower serum albumin, and, in persons with mild to moderate nonproliferative retinopathy, younger age (or type 1 diabetes). The predominant risk factor for development of SVLV was the prior development of high-risk PDR. The only other clearly significant factor was decreased visual acuity at baseline. In the eyes that developed SVLV before high-risk proliferative retinopathy was observed, baseline risk factors were decreased visual acuity (or increased extent of macular edema), older age (or type 2 diabetes), and female gender. CONCLUSIONS. These analyses supported the view that the retinopathy-inhibiting effect of better glycemic control extends across all ages, both diabetes types, and all stages of retinopathy up to and including the severe nonproliferative and early proliferative stages and the possibility that reducing elevated blood lipids and treating anemia slow the progression of retinopathy.
A simple egg marking method for polygynous fishes

ABSTRACT Fitness is the ultimate measure of organismal function; however, technical challenges can limit researchers’ ability to quantify fitness. We developed a simple and inexpensive method of marking eggs inside of the ovary of a nesting fish, the bluebanded goby (Lythrypnus dalli), in order to quantify female reproductive success. Multiple females in a harem of L. dalli can lay eggs inside of the male’s nest within a short period of time, making the timing of egg laying or developmental stage of the eggs insufficient to identify which female laid which clutch of eggs. After injecting small volumes of food coloring into the ovaries, each female’s eggs can be identified throughout development by the color of the yolk. We make preliminary observations about the efficacy of different colors (red, yellow, green, blue) for use in L. dalli, including effects on female survival, social behavior, and the enzyme immunoassays used to quantify hormones. While rigorous validations should be conducted for each species and experimental context, this method of marking eggs has the potential to be broadly useful for directly estimating fitness in species with external fertilization, as well as research in reproductive biology, development, behavioral ecology, and evolution.
Refusing the Performance: Disrupting Popular Discourses Surrounding Latino Male Teachers and the Possibility of Disidentification.

Popular discourses surrounding male teachers of color can serve to reify confining and problematic notions of masculinity in schools. Taking a critical approach to the study of gender and race, thi...
Morphology-Dependent Luminescence in Complex Liquid Colloids.

Complex liquid colloids hold great promise as transducers in sensing applications as a result of their tunable morphology and intrinsic optical properties. Herein, we introduce meta-amino substituted green fluorescence protein chromophore (GFPc) surfactants that localize at the organic–water interface of complex multiphase liquid colloids. The meta-amino GFPc exhibits hydrogen-bonding (HB) mediated fluorescence quenching, and are nearly nonemissive in the presence of protic solvents. We demonstrate morphology-dependent fluorescence of complex liquid colloids and investigate the interplay between GFPc surfactants and other simple surfactants. This environmentally responsive surfactant allows us to observe morphological changes of complex emulsions in randomized orientations. We demonstrate utility with an enzyme activity based fluorescence “turn-ON” scheme. The latter employs an oligopeptide-linked GFPc that functions as both a surfactant and trypsin target. The cleavage of hydrophilic peptide results in a...
Visuotactile synchrony of stimulation-induced sensation and natural somatosensation.

Objective Previous studies suggest that somatosensory feedback has the potential to improve the functional performance of prostheses, reduce phantom pain, and enhance embodiment of sensory-enabled prosthetic devices. To maximize such benefits for amputees, the temporal properties of the sensory feedback must resemble those of natural somatosensation in an intact limb. Approach To better understand temporal perception of artificial sensation, we characterized the perception of visuotactile synchrony for tactile perception restored via peripheral nerve stimulation. We electrically activated nerves in the residual limbs of two trans-tibial amputees and two trans-radial amputees via non-penetrating nerve cuff electrodes, which elicited sensations referred to the missing limbs. Main results Our findings suggest that with respect to vision, stimulation-induced sensation has a point of subjective simultaneity (PSS; processing time) and just noticeable difference (JND; temporal sensitivity) that are similar to natural touch. The JND was not significantly different between the participants with upper- and lower-limb amputations. However, the PSS indicated that sensations evoked in the missing leg must occur significantly earlier than those in the hand to be perceived as maximally synchronous with vision. Furthermore, we examined visuotactile synchrony in the context of a functional task during which stimulation was triggered by pressure applied to the prosthesis. Stimulation-induced sensation could be delayed up to 111 ± 62 ms without the delay being reliably detected. Significance The quantitative temporal properties of stimulation-induced perception were previously unknown and will contribute to design specifications for future sensory neuroprostheses.
Circular collimator arc versus dynamic conformal arc treatment planning for linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery of an intracranial small single lesion: a perspective of lesion asymmetry

Although circular collimator arcs (CCA) and dynamic conformal arcs (DCA) are commonly used linear accelerator-based treatment planning techniques for intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) of a small single lesion, these two techniques have not been rigorously compared in terms of tumor shape. Therefore, this study compared clinical CCA plans with re-planned DCA plans using conformity index (CI) and V12Gy (volume of normal brain tissue receiving 12 Gy or higher) from a perspective of asymmetry (Asym) of planning target volume (PTV). Ninety-five clinical CCA plans delivered for a small single lesion with PTV size 6.12%. The DCA technique is recommended when a lesion has PTV Asym > 6.12% regardless of PTV size. For lesions with PTV Asym ≤6.12%, a technique choice would depend on the preference of CI or V12Gy.
Effects of Early Acoustic Hearing on Speech Perception and Language for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients

Purpose The overall goal of the current study was to identify an optimal level and duration of acoustic experience that facilitates language development for pediatric cochlear implant (CI) recipien...
Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features and the risk of malignancy in The Bethesda System for the Reporting of Thyroid Cytopathology.

Introduction The Bethesda System for the Reporting of Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) is used to categorize and diagnose thyroid nodules by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Each category in TBSRTC is associated with an estimated risk of malignancy (ROM). A subset of noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (niEFVPTC) was reclassified as a nonmalignant tumor: noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP). We studied the impact of this reclassification on the reported ROM in TBSRTC. Material and methods We searched our institutional files for thyroid FNAB with surgical follow-up. ROM for each TBSRTC category was calculated. Subsequently, cases of niEFVPTC were reviewed and reclassified as NIFTP, if appropriate. ROM for each category was then recalculated after the reclassification. Results Twenty-six NIFTP were identified; the corresponding FNABs were distributed among all six TBSRTC categories. The majority of NIFTP FNAB were in the AUS/FLUS and suspicious for malignancy (SUSP) categories, 12 (46.2%) and 8 (30.8%), respectively. While the ROM changed for all diagnostic categories, the greatest change in ROM after reclassification was seen in these two categories. Absolute ROM for AUS/FLUS decreased from 25.0% to 21.0% and SUSP, from 71.7% to 58.3%, changes that were statistically significant. Conclusions The reclassification of niEFVPTC to NIFTP has significantly impacted the ROM in the TBSRTC at our institution. While there was a decrease in ROM for all categories, the greatest reduction to ROM was in the categories of AUS/FLUS and FN. These changes to the ROM should help guide surgical approach moving forward.
Giving up as a Willful Feminist Practice.

What do we, as women, give up? What does it mean to give up as a woman in academia? We explored this question through a study with women doctoral students to reframe giving up as a purposeful, will...
Pilot Study: Physical Examination Evidence of Acupuncture Principal Meridian Coupling.

Objective: This pilot study of acupuncture primary channel coupling examined the effect of anterior tibialis (AT) muscle activation (Stomach = ST channel distribution muscle) on ipsilateral anterio...
NEITHER FISH NOR FOWL: ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGES IN THE MODERN ADMINISTRATIVE STATE

This article examines the role of administrative adjudication in the United States constitutional system. It begins by noting that such adjudication fits uncomfortably within a system of divided powers. Administrative judges, including administrative law judges [ALJs] (who have the highest level of protection and status), are considerably more circumscribed than ordinary Article III judges. Indeed, administrative judges are usually housed in the agencies for which they decide cases, rather than in independent adjudicative bodies, and they do not always have the final say regarding the cases they decide. In many instances, the agency can appeal an adverse administrative judge’s decision directly to the head of the agency, and the agency head retains broad power to overrule the administrative judge’s determinations. In other words, the agency can substitute its judgment for that of the administrative judge regarding factual determinations, legal determinations, and policy choices. As a result, many administrative adjudicative structures involve difficult tradeoffs between independence, political control, and accountability. This article examines issues related to the status and power of administrative judges, as well as the constraints that have been imposed on administrative adjudicative authority, and explores whether those constraints continue to serve the purposes for which they were originally imposed.
Political ecologies and technologies of futures less entangled with coloniality, racialization and gendered oppression

Abstract Rather than glorify or condemn types of technology, this commentary pursues questions about ethics and politics that co-evolve with technology and that shape its purposes and impacts. I highlight degrowth attention to political economies that generate techno-environmental phenomena, noting participant efforts to respond to ecosocial problems by changing their own societies with attention to power and justice. In contrast, ecomodernist reliance on an authoritative voice unmarked by race/class/gender/nationality to promote global technical plans leads me to interrogate the role that unacknowledged identities may play in motivating the deployment of techno-fixes rather than sociopolitical transformation. My conclusion raises questions about a third way, ecosocialism, that brings modernist faith in largescale industrial technology together with degrowth commitment to systemic change toward more equitable and resilient worlds.
The USPSTF 2021 Recommendations on Screening for Asymptomatic Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults: The Challenge for Clinicians Continues.

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) presents an updated recommendation--insufficient evidence to recommend screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults (an I statement)--based on a commissioned updated comprehensive evidence review The USPSTF last made a recommendation regarding screening for asymptomatic vitamin D deficiency in 2014 Additionally, the USPSTF has published separate recommendations on the use of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of falls or fractures and for the prevention of cardiovascular disease Importantly, the current recommendations for screening for vitamin D deficiency in community-dwelling, nonpregnant, asymptomatic adults do not apply to individuals who are hospitalized or institutionalized or to those who have underlying conditions (eg, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, malabsorption, or chronic kidney disease) or take medications that increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency In addition, the USPSTF did not review emerging evidence on COVID-19 and vitamin D, although a recent randomized clinical trial suggested that a single dose of vitamin D did not reduce hospital length of stay in 240 adults with moderate to severe COVID-19
The Library’s Role in Highlighting Faculty Scholarship

Academic librarians have long highlighted faculty publications inside of the library’s walls using faculty publication displays and other methods. In today’s environment where scholarly output is i...
Induced pluripotent stem cell derived from ovarian tissue

Abstract The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) affords us the unique opportunity in regenerative medicine for autologous cell-based therapies to alleviate major concerns, including the derivation of stem cells as well as allogenicity when considering transplant therapy. iPSCs may be derived from a variety of terminally differentiated somatic tissues. Each lineage of iPSCs appears to retain an epigenetic memory for the tissue of origin. In this chapter, we (i) characterize the derivation of iPSCs from ovarian follicular granulosa cells (GC), (ii) describe the directed differentiation of mouse and human GC-derived iPSCs into ovarian cell types, and (iii) discuss the potential advantages of homotypic differentiation of iPSCs. The directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells remains challenging since a plethora of molecular cues work in concert in a sequential fashion to facilitate organogenesis. The majority of these cues remain unknown and as such, the epigenetic memory that might drive iPSCs toward regenerating cell types from the tissue of origin provides a platform for facilitating directed differentiation. This differentiation of iPSCs into the cell types of origin, or homotypic differentiation, is detailed in this chapter for ovarian cell types.
24-Hydroxylase Deficiency Due to CYP24A1 Sequence Variants: Comparison With Other Vitamin D-mediated Hypercalcemia Disorders.

Context CYP24A1 encodes 24-hydroxylase, which converts 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 to inactive metabolites. Loss-of-function variants in CYP24A1 are associated with 24-hydroxylase deficiency (24HD), characterized by hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis, and nephrocalcinosis. We retrospectively reviewed laboratory, imaging, and clinical characteristics of patients with suspected or confirmed 24HD and patients with other vitamin D-mediated hypercalcemia disorders: sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and exogenous vitamin D toxicity (EVT). Objective To identify features that differentiate 24HD from other vitamin D-mediated hypercalcemia disorders. Methods Patients seen at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) from January 1, 2008, to 31 December, 2016, with the following criteria were retrospectively identified: serum calcium ≥9.6 mg/dL, parathyroid hormone 40 pg/mL. Patients were considered to have 24HD if they had (1) confirmed CYP24A1 gene variant or (2) 25(OH)D3:24,25(OH)2D ratio ≥50. Patients with sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and EVT were also identified. Groups were compared using the Fisher exact test (categorical variables) or the Wilcoxon rank sum test (continuous variables). Results We identified 9 patients with 24HD and 28 with other vitamin D-mediated disorders. Patients with 24HD were younger at symptom onset (median 14 vs 63 years; P = .001) and had positive family history (88.9% vs 20.8%; P < .001), nephrocalcinosis (88.9% vs 6.3%; P < .001), lower lumbar spine Z-scores (median -0.50 vs 1.20; P = .01), higher peak serum phosphorus (% of peak reference range, median 107 vs 84; P = .01), and higher urinary calcium:creatinine ratios (median 0.24 vs 0.17; P = .047). Conclusion Patients with 24HD had clinical and laboratory findings that differed from other vitamin D-mediated hypercalcemia disorders. 24HD should be suspected in patients with hypercalcemia who present at younger age, have positive family history, and have nephrocalcinosis.
Assessing the Accuracy of Farmers’ Nutrient Loss Risk Perceptions

Use of nutrient management practices to reduce nutrient loss from agriculture and its associated water quality consequences, including hypoxia and eutrophication, is widely encouraged. However, little is known about which factors influence farmers’ risk perceptions associated with nutrient loss, and thus possibly influence their decisions to adopt such practices. To determine which factors were associated with relative “accuracy” of nutrient loss–associated risk perceptions, specific farm field management information was used as inputs to a Soil and Water Assessment Tool model of the study watershed to produce water quality outputs for each modeled farm field. This information was paired with farmers’ risk perceptions associated with nutrient loss on their farm to assess relative “accuracy” of each farmer’s perceptions compared to the rest of the farmers in the study. We then investigated characteristics of the farm and farmer that are associated with comparative “overprediction” and “underprediction” of risk, and found that characteristics of the individual (conservation identity, prior conservation practice adoption, efficacy beliefs, and perceived seriousness of the consequences of nutrient loss) are more important in determining whether farmers are likely to “overpredict” or “underpredict” risk than is the objective (modeled) vulnerability of their land to nutrient loss.
Multifocal Hemorrhagic Brain Lesions and Leukoencephalopathy Due to Acute Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (P1.245)

Objective: This report describes a patient who developed multifocal hemorrhagic brain lesions due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Background: A review of the literature revealed studies describing a spectrum of neurologic complications arising in patients diagnosed with DIC, including multiple cortical and brainstem hemorrhages and infarction, large vessel occlusion, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Conversely, there is very limited specific literature on extensive brain micro-hemorrhages attributed to DIC, which suggests that the latter may be an under-recognized entity. Design/Methods: Case report and literature review Results: A 66-year-old female with a history of common bile duct disease, status-post cholecystectomy, underwent ERCP for persistent abdominal pain. Post-ERCP she developed pancreatitis, for which she was admitted to the hospital. On post-procedure day 5, she became severely encephalopathic, and without any other clear focal neurologic deficits noted on exam. Work-up with initial brain computed tomography (CT) showed multiple supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhages, and subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed extensive multifocal hemorrhagic lesions throughout the bilateral cerebral hemispheres and within the posterior fossa, along with widespread leukoencephalopathy. CT angiogram of the head showed no occlusive or vasculitic process. Initial hypercoagulability panel testing showed positive lupus-like inhibitor, although repeat panels twice at follow-up were negative. Of note, blood labs upon admission were suggestive of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), including an elevated D-dimer level above 15,000 ng/mL, thrombocytopenia, and prolonged prothrombin time of 16.3 sec. The patient’s encephalopathy significantly improved and at follow-up she reported some residual cognitive and gait difficulties. Similarly, repeat MRI brain at follow-up showed improvement in leukoencephalopathy and subtle improvement in chronic hemorrhagic lesions seen on prior MRI. Etiology of lesions was concluded to be likely due to DIC in the setting of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Conclusions: This case illustrates the unusual phenomenon of extensive multifocal hemorrhagic brain lesions in the setting of DIC, in this case due to post-ERCP pancreatitis. Disclosure: Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jillella has nothing to disclose. Dr. Parand has nothing to disclose. Dr. Zafar has nothing to disclose.
Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Is Protective against the Multiomic Effects of a High Glycemic Diet on Brain Microvascular Inflammation and Cognitive Dysfunction.

Diet is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dementia, yet relatively little is known about the effect of a high glycemic diet (HGD) on the brain’s microvasculature. The objective of our study was to determine the molecular effects of an HGD on hippocampal microvessels and cognitive function and determine if a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor (sEHI), known to be vasculoprotective and anti-inflammatory, modulates these effects. Wild type male mice were fed a low glycemic diet (LGD, 12% sucrose/weight) or an HGD (34% sucrose/weight) with/without the sEHI, trans-4-[4-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy]-benzoic acid (t-AUCB), for 12 weeks. Brain hippocampal microvascular gene expression was assessed by microarray and data analyzed using a multi-omic approach for differential expression of protein and non-protein-coding genes, gene networks, functional pathways, and transcription factors. Global hippocampal microvascular gene expression was fundamentally different for mice fed the HGD vs. the LGD. The HGD response was characterized by differential expression of 608 genes involved in cell signaling, neurodegeneration, metabolism, and cell adhesion/inflammation/oxidation effects reversible by t-AUCB and hence sEH inhibitor correlated with protection against Alzheimer’s dementia. Ours is the first study to demonstrate that high dietary glycemia contributes to brain hippocampal microvascular inflammation through sEH.
FIU, Tianjin University Plan to Run School in China

MIAMI, Fla. Florida International University has signed an agreement with the Tianjin University of Commerce to run a hospitality management school in China that would mirror the top-ranked Miami program. The agreement is thought to be the first on this scale between the Chinese government and a foreign university
SU-E-T-577: Obliquity Factor and Surface Dose in Proton Beam Therapy

Purpose: The advantage of lower skin dose in proton beam may be diminished creating radiation related sequalae usually seen with photon and electron beams. This study evaluates the surface dose as a complex function of beam parameters but more importantly the effect of beam angle. Methods: Surface dose in proton beam depends on the beam energy, source to surface distance, the air gap between snout and surface, field size, material thickness in front of surface, atomic number of the medium, beam angle and type of nozzle (ie double scattering, (DS), uniform scanning (US) or pencil beam scanning (PBS). Obliquity factor (OF) is defined as ratio of surface dose in 0° to beam angle Θ. Measurements were made in water phantom at various beam angles using very small microdiamond that has shown favorable beam characteristics for high, medium and low proton energy. Depth dose measurements were performed in the central axis of the beam in each respective gantry angle. Results: It is observed that surface dose is energy dependent but more predominantly on the SOBP. It is found that as SSD increases, surface dose decreases. In general, SSD, and air gap has limited impact in clinical proton range. High energy hasmore » higher surface dose and so the beam angle. The OF rises with beam angle. Compared to OF of 1.0 at 0° beam angle, the value is 1.5, 1.6, 1,7 for small, medium and large range respectively for 60 degree angle. Conclusion: It is advised that just like range and SOBP, surface dose should be clearly understood and a method to reduce the surface dose should be employed. Obliquity factor is a critical parameter that should be accounted in proton beam therapy and a perpendicular beam should be used to reduce surface dose.« less
What Health Professionals Can Do to Identify and Resolve Patient Dissatisfaction

Article-at-a-Glance Background Patient satisfaction affects consistency of self-care, health outcomes, level of service utilization, choice of health professionals, and decisions to sue in the face of adverse outcomes. Understanding patients' specific dissatisfactions may help health professionals and administrators identify and rectify organizational deficiencies before they become costly. Common causes of complaints As part of a series of research projects, more than 12,000 patient/family complaint narratives were examined in which patients or patients' family members told interviewers or patient advocates about the care they received from their health professionals in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Complaints may be categorized as involving issues of care and treatment, communication, humaneness, access and availability, environment, and billing/payment. Strategies for resolving complaints Even though caregivers may not have control over all the factors that lead to dissatisfaction, they can often hear and address complaints. As a result, they may not only contribute to quality of care but improve the systems in which they practice. The challenges are how to prevent dissatisfaction in the first place, and, if it does occur, to identify and if possible rectify patient concerns. Three case studies are provided. Conclusion All health professionals must be involved in efforts to resolve problems that compromise patient care. Some problems could be prevented if administrators and leaders used complaint data to recommend new policies and procedures or to identify and counsel with health care team members who generate disproportionate numbers of complaints. If all are involved in both prevention and problem solving, resources devoted to uncovering, understanding, and resolving patient complaints are likely to prove cost-effective.
The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger: A possible link between oxidative stress and endogenous ouabain in hypertension

Oxidative stress-induced hypertension involves a number of membrane transport proteins that play a critical role in maintaining the cytosolic homeostasis of Na + and Ca 2+ . These transport proteins include Na + /K + -ATPase, the Na + /H + exchanger, Na channels, and the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger. The exact link between these membrane transporters is not exactly known but appears to involve their location in microdomains called PLasmERosomes, oxidative stress and circulating ouabain levels. Oxidative stress stimulates the generation of ouabain from the adrenal glands which elevates circulating endogenous ouabain levels. At concentrations above 1nM, ouabain inhibits the activity of the Na + /K + -ATPase. At 1nM or lower concentrations, the Na + /K + -ATPase acts as a transducer which induces a cascade of events that begins with phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by Src and activation of Ras, Raf, mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK). p90RSK activates the Na + /H + exchanger through phosphorylation. Ouabain-mediated inhibition and activation of the Na + /K + -ATPase and Na + /H + exchanger, respectively, leads to elevation of Na + in the PLasmERosome which stimulates the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger to extrude Na + in exchange for Ca 2+ . This elevates Ca 2+ in the PLasmERosome which stimulates junctional ER to release Ca 2+ . Ca 2+ influx through the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger and release from junctional ER leads to Ca 2+ overload which can lead to a number of pathologies including increased vascular tone and hypertension.
Culture, Diffusion, and Networks in Social Animals

Long-term studies of social animals provide detailed data on individual attributes, behaviors, and associations that enable us to explore cultural diffusion in networks. In this essay, we describe how network science can be used to improve our understanding of cultural and information transmission. After presenting an operational definition of culture, we discuss methodologies and research questions applicable to unweighted, weighted, and dynamic networks. We then highlight relevant studies and methods for both descriptive and predictive analyses that have been used to identify culture and social learning in animal networks. Applying and extending the techniques presented will improve our understanding of information transmission, social learning, and embedded subcultures in the context of human networks. Keywords: social learning; predictive and descriptive models; information transmission; community structure; ERGM ; MRQAP
Exergames: Increasing Physical Activity through Effective Instruction

Due to the growing obesity epidemic in the United States, educators must consider new ways to increase physical activity in an effort to address obesity. There are a variety of ways educators can increase physical activity in the classroom, and exergames—video games that require physical movement in order to play—are a modern-day approach to doing so. Tapping into the popularity of technology to motivate children and adolescents to exercise, exergames improve the fitness experience for today's digitally connected youth. The purpose of this article is to explain how to incorporate exergames in the physical education setting to increase physical activity.
OTERS (on-tree efficient recovery using subcasting): a reliable multicast protocol

This paper presents a reliable multicast protocol (OTERS) that organizes receivers into a fusion tree that matches the multicast delivery tree of the source and uses this tree to fuse NAKs and subcast retransmissions. The protocol requires two extensions to the current Internet network layer, namely multicast route backtracing and subcasting. We argue that these extension are simple, natural and low overhead extensions for the Internet. Simulations of six reliable multicast protocols demonstrate that our approach substantially reduces the recovery latency and the traffic load compared to previously proposed approaches.