cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Low Phytoestrogen Diet Reduces the Proceptivity But Not the Attractivity of Meadow Voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus)

The literature is replete with studies showing that phytoestrogens can impact the reproductive physiology of a wide variety of vertebrates. However, the results of many of these studies provide mixed results, with phytoestrogens exerting an estrogenic effect, antiestrogenic effect, or no effect on reproductive physiology across taxa and within species. Less is known about the role phytoestrogens may play in the sexual behavior of vertebrates and most of those studies have focused on rats and mice, and again produced mixed findings on the impact of phytoestrogens on the sexual behavior of rodents. In this study, we determined whether the removal of dietary phytoestrogens impacted two of the three components of sexual behavior: attractivity and proceptivity in meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Attractivity refers to the attractiveness of the scent marks male and female meadow voles produce to opposite-sex conspecifics, whereas proceptivity refers to the interest voles have in investigating opposite-sex conspecifics or their scent marks. We tested the hypothesis that the amount of phytoestrogens in the diet will induce different effects on the attractivity and proceptivity of voles by maintaining voles on either a moderate phytoestrogen diet (standard rodent chow) or a low phytoestrogen diet. The results showed that the attractiveness of the scent marks of voles was not affected by whether they were fed either a moderate or low phytoestrogen content diet. However, voles fed a low phytoestrogen diet did not behave proceptively toward opposite-sex conspecifics, spending similar amounts of time investigating the scent mark of the opposite-sex donor and that of the same-sex donor. Thus, voles that eat a low phytoestrogen diet may be less likely to find a mate and may have lower mating and reproductive success relative to that of voles that eat a diet containing moderate phytoestrogens. Our findings also lend support to the conclusions reached by some studies of nonhuman primates, rodents, ungulates, fish, and birds in which exposure to phytoestrogens produced estrogenic effects for certain sexual behaviors and no effect on other sexual behaviors.
Locke’s Critique Of Essentialism

Let us return, briefly, to three questions from the previous chapter: (Q1) Does the cosmos already come to us divided up into particular objects, or are these divisions something which we impose upon the world , in accordance with some sort of a “conceptual scheme”? (Q4) For any object O and any of its putatively essential (accidental) properties F, is it an objective, mind-independent fact that O is essentially (accidentally) F, or is O’s being essentially (accidentally) F a matter of convention? (Q5) Is there an ontologically privileged way of sorting these objects into (lowest) kinds, or is there , instead, a plurality of equally legitimate ways of sorting them into kinds?
Pulmonary non invasive infection by Scedosporium apiospermum

We reported a case of non-invasive pulmonary infection by Scedosporium apiospermum in 67 years old female with bronchiectasis and caverns secondary to tuberculosis. Diagnosis was made with lung CT and bronchial lavage cultures. The patient was initially treated with itraconazole for six weeks without success and then voriconazole for 16 weeks, with good clinical response.
Rules of Recognition, Constitutional Controversies, and the Dizzying Dependence of Law on Acceptance

In this essay we take up the question of the non-legal foundations of any legal system, and in particular H.L.A. Hart's notion of the ultimate rule of recognition, the master rule that pedigrees the other rules governing what officials and citizens are legally obligated to do. Initially, we shall raise but not necessarily resolve several questions about Hart's own account of the rule of recognition. But even though we leave those questions largely unresolved, we shall come away from this discussion with a sufficiently firm grasp of the idea of a rule of recognition to proceed to the second part of the essay. In that part we look at the United States Constitution - and the practices that have developed regarding its interpretation and enforcement - through the lens of the idea of an ultimate rule of recognition. And when we do so, we shall encounter some foundational questions about constitutional law and interpretation: Does the rule of recognition in the American legal system change over time, and if so, how does this occur? Has the Constitution itself changed other than by organic processes - processes prescribed by the Constitution itself - and, if so, how? If interpreters employ different interpretive methodologies in interpreting the Constitution, is there one constitution, or are there several (overlapping) constitutions? And if the latter, how is stability achieved? If the Supreme Court (or some other governmental body with final interpretive authority) misinterprets the Constitution, what is the legal status of such a misinterpretation, and why? And finally, given that one function of a constitution is to entrench the "rules of the game," and given that any entrenched rule will suffer from over- and under-inclusiveness with respect to its background purposes, how is it possible for officials and citizens to accept as binding the ultimate rule of recognition and the constitutional and subconstitutional rules it pedigrees? Our enterprise in this paper is primarily conceptual and descriptive rather than normative. We shall be attempting to identify the rule of recognition in the United States. Or rather, we shall be attempting to identify the multiple rules of recognition in the United States, for we believe that actual American recognitional practices are multifaceted. There is also, however, a normative element in our paper, for we maintain that settlement for settlement's sake is an important legal, social, and moral value, and yet our existing recognitional practices inevitably put settlement at risk.
A Study of the European Fruit Lecanium Scale, Lecanium corni, on Prune

The population fluctuations of the scale insect Lecanium corni Bouche, a common orchard pest, were studied for the period 1958-63. Regular samples on a year-round basis, using 6-in. lengths of twigs, or leaves from the terminals, showed a fluctuation from 17 to 13,985 scales per unit. When the scale population was at a minimum no parasites could be found. The principal limiting factor appears to be high temperatures in June, at which time the scale crawlers are hatching and migrating to the leaves. From field observations the critical temperature appears to be 90°F; the greater the number of days of 90° or more, the higher the mortality. Two factors, the parasites and high June temperatures, supplement each other and, usually, appear to create sufficient environmental resistance to hold the pest below the economic injury level in the coastal area without the use of insecticides. Under such conditions, an index of 1 scale per in. of twig justifies the use of a dormant spray.
Just-War Theories: The Bases, Interrelations, Priorities, and Functions of Their Criteria

moral obligations. Thus, a nation ought not to violate a principle of just warfare unless a more important principle takes precedence." O'Connor does not, however, try to show how the principles of just warfare are themselves derivative from certain prima-facie
Potential Human Models of Infammatory Bowel Disease

Similar to animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), there is no single human model representative of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. An optimal human model awaits etiopathogenetic definitions and further reclassification or depiction of clinicopathological scenarios. Current human models can be classified into models depicting risk of disease; preclinical disease; acute inflammation; and miscellaneous IBD. Family studies are the best means of pursuing patients at risk. Evolving genetic and serological markers may further identify subgroups to assess with permeability probes, leukocyte scans or endoscopy for preclinical disease. Provocation with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be useful in selected patients because NSAID mucosal damage may induce or mimic IBD. Alternative natural history or interventional studies in patients with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 spondylarthropathy may be useful. The disease margin and pouchitis are models within the disease state of ulcerative colitis as are the aphthous ulcer, anastomotic margin and diverted fecal stream for Crohn's disease. Newly defined colitides, such as microscopic and collagenous colitis and diversion colitis, also provide potential comparative models to evaluate mucosal immune, inflammatory, reparative, secretory and absorptive regulation.
Treatment of municipal solid wastes by steam classification for recycling and biomass utilization: scientific note

A patented method of steam classification (the Holloway Process) and a prototype process unit have been investigated. The process treats municipal solid wastes (MSW) with steam and pressure to yield sterilized recyclable metals, glass, and plastics and a cellulosic pulp. After processing, the components of the mixture are separated into three sizes by vibratory screening. The recyclable materials must be subsequently separated from the screened fractions. Process conditions have been optimized to maximize the yield of a sterile cellulosic fraction that has a variety of possible end uses, such as compost, combustion fuel, and feedstock for conversion to fuels and chemicals.
Nonlinear Fano-Resonant Dielectric Metasurfaces.

Strong nonlinear light–matter interaction is highly sought-after for a variety of applications including lasing and all-optical light modulation. Recently, resonant plasmonic structures have been considered promising candidates for enhancing nonlinear optical processes due to their ability to greatly enhance the optical near-field; however, their small mode volumes prevent the inherently large nonlinear susceptibility of the metal from being efficiently exploited. Here, we present an alternative approach that utilizes a Fano-resonant silicon metasurface. The metasurface results in strong near-field enhancement within the volume of the silicon resonator while minimizing two photon absorption. We measure a third harmonic generation enhancement factor of 1.5 × 105 with respect to an unpatterned silicon film and an absolute conversion efficiency of 1.2 × 10–6 with a peak pump intensity of 3.2 GW cm–2. The enhanced nonlinearity, combined with a sharp linear transmittance spectrum, results in transmission modul...
Trajectory Organization and Propulsion Mode of Anti-torpedo Torpedo Based on double Attack Mode

The operational capacity of hard killing anti-torpedo weaponry,such as anti-torpedo torpedo,is essential for heavyweight warships.The hit probability of an anti-torpedo torpedo is low since it attacks from the fore-hemisphere of an incoming torpedo.This paper proposes a double attack mode including attacking and chasing,and provides trajectory organization and theoretical analysis method.This double attack mode can pursuit the target in the case of attack failure and improve the intercept hit probability significantly.Through theoretical trajectory calculation of the double attack mode,the theoretical operational performance indexes of an anti-torpedo torpedo with various propulsion modes are obtained via comparative analysis of the rocket jet propulsion,conventional turbine engine propulsion,turbine pump water jet propulsion and other propulsion modes.The allowable launch distance is more than 20 cab in turbine pump propulsion mode,which is 2.3 times of the allowable launch distance in rocket propulsion mode.By considering generality,reliability,developmental potential and other factors,the turbine pump is the best power propulsion mode for an anti-torpedo torpedo.
A pilot videoconference group stress management program in cancer survivors: lessons learned

Context Cancer is a challenging experience and there is evidence that psychosocial interventions are effective at improving adjustment following treatment. At our cancer center, 14 cancer survivors (breast, prostate and blood cancers) completed a four-session cognitive-behavioral stress program. The first session was delivered at the survivor's local cancer center, where they were provided with a loaner tablet. The three subsequent sessions were delivered through group-based videoconference on the tablet. Session content was supplemented with a tailored ebook, designed specifically for this program. Participants provided feedback about the program as well as a standardized measure of perceived stress. Issues Despite evidence that psychosocial programs are effective, there are significant barriers to dissemination, particularly for those residing in rural areas who do not live near academic medical centers where such programming is more readily available. Our experiences delivering a group-based videoconference program in cancer survivors are described, including positives and challenges associated with its design and implementation. Lessons learned Study participants enrolled from across four different US states, and the majority reported at least a 30-minute commute to their cancer center. This travel burden played a meaningful role in their desire to participate in our videoconference-based program. Although participants reported that session content was well suited to addressing stress management concerns, and session facilitators were able to effectively teach program techniques (eg progressive muscle relaxation, cognitive-reframing) and that the program was helpful overall, only modest improvements in perceived stress were seen. Participants noted challenges of the delivery including feeling disconnected from others, difficulty focusing, technical problems, and a desire for a longer program. Thus, although the novel delivery of a group-based, psychosocial program using tablet videoconference is feasible in a survivorship program, and desired by cancer survivors, key improvements must be made in future efforts. Our enthusiasm about the potential of telehealth must be tempered with the reality that such delivery can present challenges that interfere with the intervention implementation and efficacy. Facilitators must proactively address both the technological and interpersonal challenges associated with the use of group-based videoconference in order to improve its ability to positively impact cancer survivors. Many of these issues can be resolved prior to program launch, and require foresight and planning on the part of the program team.
Association of Face-lift Surgery With Social Perception, Age, Attractiveness, Health, and Success.

Importance Evidence quantifying the influence of face-lift surgery on societal perceptions is lacking. Objective To measure the association of face-lift surgery with observer-graded perceived age, ...
One-pot photoassisted synthesis, in situ photocatalytic testing for hydrogen generation and the mechanism of binary nitrogen and copper promoted titanium dioxide

For the sustainable production of hydrogen by photocatalysis, the use of renewable resources such as water, organic compounds from plant biomass and earth abundant metal promoters is desired. We herein describe the previously not reported “one-pot” photoassisted synthesis of a binary metal–nitrogen promoted Cu(0)–N-TiO2 photocatalyst from a N-TiO2 precursor by photodeposition of copper directly in the photocatalytic suspension. The N-TiO2 contains nanocrystalline anatase as found by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy indicate that a nitrogen promoter is present as a substitutional site. The scheme of relaxation of a photoexcited charge through a substitutional nitrogen induced midgap states in N-TiO2 is proposed. The binary promoted Cu(0)–N-TiO2 photocatalyst prepared from N-TiO2 by “one-pot” photodeposition of copper in the suspension showed a high activity in the in situ hydrogen generation under near-UV/visible light with glycerol in water, up to 675 μmol g−1 h−1. The “one-pot” photoassisted synthesis and mechanism of operation of the Cu(0)–N-TiO2 photocatalyst are studied by the complementary in situ spectroscopic methods.
A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR PHYSICAL THERAPISTS TREATING ATHLETES WITH PROTRACTED RECOVERY FOLLOWING A CONCUSSION.

Sports-related concussions are receiving growing attention in healthcare. Most concussions resolve spontaneously with little or no treatment, but twenty percent of concussions take longer than three weeks to resolve. In some cases, symptoms can last for five years following a traumatic brain injury. Physical Therapists have unique skills that can assist patients experiencing protracted recovery. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to describe a new conceptual model that provides a framework for Physical Therapy management of patients with protracted recovery following a sports-related concussion. The end product is a visual diagram that represents the full scope of clinical practice that Physical Therapy can provide to an athlete following a concussion. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5. Language: en
Snowmobiling in Maine: Past Successes, Future Challenges

With one snowmobile registration for every 15 residents,Maine may well have the most snowmobiles per capita ofany U.S. state. Moreover, the state’s 12,000-mile networkof groomed trails and its 2,500-mile Interconnected TrailSystem make it a major winter tourist attraction. Still, asVail points out—and as the number of snowmobile-related deaths this winter conﬁrms—such progress has not come without costs and conflict. Although Vail argues the beneﬁts outweigh the costs, he suggests the state should act now to alleviate the conﬂicts related tocongestion, over use of the state’s major trails, noise and air pollution, and free riding by non-dues-paying sledders.He argues these problems cannot be handled by local snowmobile clubs alone, but require an active partnershipwith state government to mitigate current conﬂicts and to avert future ones.
A model-based, Bayesian approach to the CF4/Ar etch of SiO2

The design and optimization of highly nonlinear and complex processes like plasma etching is challenging and timeconsuming. Significant effort has been devoted to creating plasma profile simulators to facilitate the development of etch recipes. Nevertheless, these simulators are often difficult to use in practice due to the large number of unknown parameters in the plasma discharge and surface kinetics of the etch material, the dependency of the etch rate on the evolving front profile, and the disparate length scales of the system. Here, we expand on the development of a previously published, data informed, Bayesian approach embodied in the platform RODEo (Recipe Optimization for Deposition and Etching). RODEo is used to predict etch rates and etch profiles over a range of powers, pressures, gas flow rates, and gas mixing ratios of an CF4/Ar gas chemistry. Three examples are shown: (1) etch rate predictions of an unknown material “X” using simulated experiments for a CF4/Ar chemistry, (2) etch rate predictions of SiO2 in a Plasma-Therm 790 RIE reactor for a CF4/Ar chemistry, and (3) profile prediction using level set methods.
Medical and Biotechnological Aspects

As discussed in Chap. 2, higher fungi including mushrooms make many bioactive compounds. In this chapter we restrict our discussion to the cycloamanide family of ribosomally biosynthesized cyclic peptides found, to date, only in some species of Amanita, Lepiota, and Galerina. Information on the taxonomy, chemistry, and clinical aspects of mushroom poisonings due to non-peptidic mushroom components, including orellanine, gyromitrin, muscarine, illudin, coprine, and muscimol, are covered in Bresinky and Besl (1990), Benjamin (1995), and other books and web sites cited at the end of this chapter. Within the cycloamanide family, from the medical point of view, it is appropriate that the emphasis be exclusively on the amatoxins. Poisonings of mammals are due solely to the amatoxins because the phallotoxins are not absorbed from the digestive tracts of mammals (or, to the best of our knowledge, any other animal), and none of the monocyclic cycloamanides are known to be poisonous to mammals by any mode of ingestion.
A geometric distributed probabilistic model to predict graduation rates

We present a new probabilistic model to predict the graduation rates of universities. For this purpose this model uses the geometric distribution augmented with item response theory. In particular it uses four main variables for prediction: high school GPA, ACT/SAT score, course difficulty and curriculum complexity. The records of 10,479 students from the University of New Mexico (UNM) were used to train the model. The results presented in this paper show the type of correlation between these variables and graduation rates. They also show the prediction accuracy of our proposed model.
Some Preliminary Experiments Concerning Thermal Dispersion in a Jet

Two fine heated rings of different diameters are placed concentrically in an air jet, providing an analogue of a line source pair experiment in grid turbulence (Warhaft 1984). The mixing of the two sources is determined by inference. The evaluation of the cross correlation coefficient,ρ, and the segregation coefficient, α, is found to be strongly dependent on where the rings are located relative to the jet origin. A particularly novel finding occurs when the rings are placed well inside the potential core (0.5 D from the jet). Here p is initially close to unity, then becomes negative and finally grows to unity by about x/d~10. The effect of the rings on the velocity field is also studied and it is shown that they suppress the turbulence intensity when placed close to the jet but have little effect on the turbulence when placed further downstream. The results, which are preliminary, are contrasted with more traditional methods of introducing scalars into jets, such as warming the jet relative to the ambient air.
Distal Radioulnar Joint Replacement in the Scarred Wrist.

Background Radiocarpal or midcarpal arthritis can occur simultaneously with arthritis of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ), leading to functional impairment of the wrist. Treatment often involves wrist arthroplasty or arthrodesis, either with simultaneous or secondary procedures, addressing the DRUJ. Successful treatment of solitary DRUJ arthritis with DRUJ replacement has been reported. However, outcomes in patients with multiple prior wrist surgeries are lacking. Surgery in these wrists is challenging because surgical scarring and advanced bone deformities make implant positioning more difficult. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes in patients that underwent total wrist arthrodesis and DRUJ replacement after multiple prior wrist surgeries. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients that underwent total wrist arthrodesis and replacement of the DRUJ, either simultaneously or during separate procedures from 1999 to 2012. We included 14 patients with a median age of 43 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 35–47). As objective outcomes range of motion, weight-bearing ability, grip strength, was measured. For the subjective outcomes, we used an analogue pain score and the disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand (DASH) scores. Results At a median follow-up of 5.6 years (IQR: 3.2–7.1). The average DRUJ range of motion and weight lifting ability significantly improved. As for the subjective evaluations, postoperative pain scores improved significantly, as did the DASH scores. Four of the patients had a postoperative complication, including infection and heterotopic ossification, of which two required reoperations. Additionally, 5 patients developed pisotriquetral arthritis requiring, pisiform excision, triquetrum excision, or the combination of both. Conclusion Distal radioulnar joint replacement with a semiconstrained prosthesis was an effective method to restore the function of the wrist and forearm. As the surgical anatomy and soft tissue envelope were compromised in these patients, additional surgical exposure is necessary, adding to the complexity in these patients. No radiographic loosening Level of Evidence This is a therapeutic level IV study.
Advanced surface-enhancement technology for decreasing wear and corrosion of equipment used for mineral processing

Equipment wear and corrosion have significant adverse impacts on the operating cost and efficiency of mineral processing plants. In this paper, advanced surface-enhancement technologies are investigated to decrease the wear and corrosion rates of metal surfaces. Enhanced metal surfaces are achieved through surface conversion, enrichment and coating by use of an advanced high-density infrared (HDI) plasma arc lamp. Studies were done to determine the effects of process parameters on surface properties and identify optimum conditions. The micro structure of the enhanced metal surfaces was characterized by SEM, EDS and microindentation. Laboratory wear testing was carried out to investigate the wear performance, and a viable coating candidate was determined.
Complex abdominal wall defect repair using biologic porcine matrix.

BACKGROUND The management of patients with complex abdominal wall defect (CAWD) is challenging, and requires appropriate surgical planning, and intensive patient preparation in order to minimize postoperative complications. The aim of this work was to review the management of CAWD using one-stage repair with biologic mesh. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients with CAWD having undergone repair with biologic mesh between January 2013 and October 2014. Demographics, preoperative assessment, intraoperative management and postoperative outcomes were assessed. RESULTS A total of 15 patients were included. Biologic mesh was used for hernia repair with primary fascial closure (N.=12) or for bridging of the abdominal wall defect (N.=3). Seven patients presented postoperative complications Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3, and among them six required reoperation but no one required the mesh explantation. After a follow-up period of 12 months, four patients presented hernia recurrence and two required a later surgery. CONCLUSIONS The use of biologic mesh allows single-stage repair of complex abdominal wall defects. The procedure involves significant postoperative morbidity, and requires intensive preoperative multidisciplinary preparation.
Characterization of a peribunyavirus isolated from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Abstract We report the complete genome sequencing of the first fish peribunyavirus determined using a next-generation sequencing approach. The virus was isolated during a routine health assessment of wild largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in Wisconsin in April of 2009. Further research is needed to determine the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the largemouth bass bunyavirus.
Endothelial function following interval exercise plus low-calorie diet treatment in obese females

We determined if interval exercise plus a low-calorie diet (LCD + INT) increases endothelial function more than an energy-matched LCD. Obese women (47.2 ± 2.6y, 37.5 ± 1.3kg/m2 ) were randomized to 13 days of a LCD (n = 12; mixed meals of ~ 1200kcal/d) or LCD + INT (n = 13; 12 supervised 60-min INT bouts of 3 min at 90% and 50% HRpeak ). LCD + INT subjects received 350kcal postexercise to equate energy availability with LCD. Fitness (VO2 peak) and body composition (BodPod) were determined and a 120 min, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed to examine fasting and postprandial flow-mediated dilation (FMD, endothelial function), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) via indirect calorimetry as well as glucose and insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC120min ). LCD + INT increased VO2 peak (P = 0.02) compared with LCD, and both treatments decreased fat mass (P 50%; LCD n = 5, LCD + INT n = 7), LCD + INT increased fasted (P = 0.005) and decreased iAUC120min (P = 0.003) FMD compared with LCD. Enhanced fitness correlated with increased fasting FMD (r = 0.43, P = 0.03) and diminished FMD iAUC120min (r = -0.44, P = 0.03). Decreased FMD iAUC120min correlated with reduced glucose iAUC120min (r = 0.64, P = 0.001) as well as increased 60-min RER (r = -0.42, P = 0.04). Low baseline fasting and iAUC120min FMD was also linked to enhanced fasting and iAUC120min FMD post-treatment (r = -0.71, P < 0.001; r = -0.89, P < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, increasing fitness via INT may increase the effect of LCD on lowering cardiovascular disease risk in obese women.
Computer literacy in international service learning at Park University

In recent years, internationalization and global education have become important priorities for many universities. Since 2002, Park University has launched several service learning projects. This paper describes the Computer Literacy International Service Learning project performed by the department of Information and Computer Science at Park University.
Real Estate, Housing, and the Impact of Retirement Migration in Cuenca, Ecuador and San Miguel de Allende, Mexico

The relationships around housing and retirement migration, particularly within historic, colonial cities in Latin America, are complex. A differential in the cost of housing between the origin and destination country is clearly one of many motivating factors in international retirement migration (Bernier 2003); however, how this migration impacts housing prices and availability on the local level has not been extensively studied in the retirement migration literature, although it is a commonly referenced concern.
The enigmatic origin and emplacement of the Samosir Island lava domes, Toba Caldera, Sumatra, Indonesia

The 60 × 20-km Samosir resurgent dome within the 74-ka Toba Caldera features several clusters of rhyolitic lava domes. Because the previously known Tuk-Tuk and Samosir Fault lava domes occur near the base of a major resurgent dome fault, they appear associated with resurgent uplift, and dating them could provide constraints on the timing of resurgence. Towards that goal, we mapped and sampled the Tuk-Tuk and Samosir Fault lava domes, discovered two additional lava dome clusters in the uplifted interior of Samosir Island, then determined modal mineralogy, major and trace element geochemistry, and 40Ar/39Ar sanidine ages on several samples from each cluster. These quartz-bearing rhyolite lava domes have SiO2 contents ranging from ~ 70-76 wt%, crystallinities of 28-54%, and 40Ar/39Ar ages (~ 74-76 ka) that overlap with those of the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT), ~ 74-75 ka. Our field observations and the remarkable similarity in mineralogy, geochemistry, and ages among the dome clusters and YTT support the interpretation that these domes represent remnant YTT magma that erupted shortly after the climactic YTT eruption. Later, during resurgence, these pre-resurgent lava domes were uplifted to their present locations, some near current lake level, others up to 440 m above lake level.
Three interaction energy scales in the single-layer high- T c cuprate Hg Ba 2 Cu O 4 + δ

Author(s): Sreedhar, SA; Rossi, A; Nayak, J; Anderson, ZW; Tang, Y; Gregory, B; Hashimoto, M; Lu, DH; Rotenberg, E; Birgeneau, RJ; Greven, M; Yi, M; Vishik, IM | Abstract: The lamellar cuprate superconductors exhibit the highest ambient-pressure superconducting transition temperatures (Tc), and after more than three decades of extraordinary research activity, continue to pose formidable scientific challenges. A major experimental obstacle has been to distinguish universal phenomena from materials- or technique-dependent ones. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measures momentum-dependent single-particle electronic excitations and has been invaluable in the endeavor to determine the anisotropic momentum-space properties of the cuprates. HgBa2CuO4+δ (Hg1201) is a single-CuO2-layer cuprate with a particularly high optimal Tc and a simple crystal structure, yet there exists little information from ARPES about the electronic properties of this model system. Here we present an ARPES study of doping-, temperature-, and momentum-dependent systematics of near-nodal dispersion anomalies in Hg1201. The data reveal a hierarchy of three distinct energy scales: a subgap low-energy kink, an intermediate-energy kink near 55 meV, and a peak-dip-hump structure. The first two features are attributed to the coupling of electrons to Ba-derived optical phonons and in-plane bond-stretching phonons, respectively. The nodal peak-dip-hump structure appears to have a common doping dependence in several single-layer cuprates and is interpreted as a manifestation of pseudogap physics at the node. These results establish several universal phenomena, both in terms of connecting multiple experimental techniques for a single material and in terms of connecting comparable spectral features in multiple structurally similar cuprates.
Unique longitudinal relationships between symptoms of psychopathology in youth: A cross‐lagged panel network analysis in the ABCD study

Background The network theory suggests that psychopathology may reflect causal relationships between individual symptoms. Several studies have examined cross-sectional relationships between individual symptoms in youth. However, these studies cannot address the directionality of the temporal relationships hypothesized by the network theory. Therefore, we estimated the longitudinal relationships between individual internalizing, externalizing, and attention symptoms in youth. Methods Data from 4,093 youth participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were used. Symptoms were assessed using the Brief Problem Monitor, which was administered at three time points spaced six months apart. Unique longitudinal relationships between symptoms at T1 and T2 were estimated using cross-lagged panel network modeling. Network replicability was assessed by comparing this network to an identically estimated replication network of symptoms at T2 predicting symptoms at T3. Results After controlling for all other symptoms and demographic covariates, depressed mood, inattention, and worry at T1 were most predictive of other symptoms at T2. In contrast, threats of violence and destructiveness at T2 were most prospectively predicted by other symptoms at T1. The reciprocal associations between depressed mood and worthlessness were among the strongest bivariate relationships in the network. Comparisons between the original network and the replication network (correlation between edge lists = .61; individual edge replicability = 64%-84%) suggested moderate replicability. Conclusions Although causal inferences are precluded by the observational design and methodological considerations, these findings demonstrate the directionality of relationships between individual symptoms in youth and highlight depressed mood, inattention, and worry as potential influencers of other symptoms.
Is Accounting a Miserable Job

The accounting profession is sustained by an ongoing supply of recruits who must be highly capable to complete the training required of new accountants. Such people have many career options open to them and those who enter accounting and remain in the field choose it over other attractive careers when they believe accounting is a better fit for them than available alternatives. Different people have different personalities, abilities, and values, and these individual-level traits are fundamental guides driving their judgments and decisions, including judgments about which job attributes seem most important and decisions about which career to pursue. In this study, we use several large, publicly available datasets describing random samples of Americans to empirically study which individual-level traits are associated with self-selection into the accounting profession and how this non-random sorting of people into accounting careers influences which job attributes accountants consider most important. We show that people who become accountants value material job attributes, like pay, significantly more than other workers and value self-transcending job attributes, like serving society, significantly less. The most direct practical implication of our findings is that accounting organizations working to recruit and retain accountants would likely produce better results if they invested less in efforts to convince accountants that their jobs are exciting and can “change the world” and redirected these investments into efforts to highlight and enhance the material rewards of accounting careers.
Nonwoven fiber mats with thermo-responsive permeability to inorganic and organic electrolytes

Abstract This study presents the development and characterization of nonwoven fiber mats (NWFs) with stimuli-controlled permeability. An ensemble of membranes was initially constructed by coating the fibers of polypropylene NWFs with a layer of poly ((N-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-(acrylic acid)) (PNIPAm-co-AA) hydrogel. Different coatings were produced by varying the PNIPAm/AA monomer ratio between 3.9 and 18.6. The thermo-responsive layer is expanded at room temperature and contracts when heated above its lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The resulting membranes were first characterized via laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence confocal microscopy to evaluate the thickness and morphology of the hydrogel layer. Microscopy shows uniform coating of the fibers, with a thickness comparable to the fiber diameter, and homogeneous filling of the pore space. The permeability of the NWFs was then evaluated using different solutes, namely an inorganic salt (sodium chloride), an organic acid (citric acid), and an amphiphilic drug (Doxorubicin). These tests consistently show that the flux of the solute is (1) higher at temperatures > LCST, where the hydrogel layer collapses and opens the pore space, and (2) decreases at room temperature (
Effects of Low Maternal Dietary Intake of Calcium, Selenium and Vitamin B-6 upon Breast Milk Composition in Nepal

During October and November 1983, an intensive health and nutrition study was conducted on 26 lactating women and their infants in six villages in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal. During the study period, a 24-hour duplicate food composite was collected and subsequently analyzed for various nutrients. Fasting blood, urine and breast milk samples were obtained from the mothers as well as a blood sample from the infants. Analyses of these dietary composites indicated that the mothers consumed very low amounts of calcium and selenium and an amount of vitamin B-6 comparable to that consumed by lactating women in the U.S. Whereas the maternal plasma and breast milk calcium concentration was comparable to those of American lactating women, the Nepalese mothers excreted in their urine more than twice as high a hydroxyproline/creatinine concentration, suggesting that the Nepalese women were undergoing substantially greater bone demineralization during lactation. The selenium intake is the second lowest reported anywhere in the world. However, their low intake of selenium resulted in only a low-normal concentration of maternal plasma and breast milk selenium and an infant plasma selenium concentration higher than levels reported in healthy infants from Finland, another country with a low dietary selenium intake. Maternal plasma pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP), an indicator of vitamin B-6 status, remained low throughout lactation whereas the concentration of breast milk total vitamin B-6 was equivalent to that in American women. The Nepalese infants had a lower plasma PLP compared to American infants. The presence of a poorly utilizable glucoside derivative of vitamin B-6 in the diets and in the breast milk of the mothers would partially account for the apparent discrepancy in vitamin B-6 intake and status of the infants.
A case of a pediatric patient after a large ingestion of buspirone.

To the Editor, A 16-year-old female with medical history of anxiety and depression presented to the emergency department approximately 45 min after reportedly ingesting 450 mg (7.6 mg/kg) of buspir...
Aligning Health Care and Social Services to Reduce Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits: An Evaluation of the Community Care Connections Program.

BACKGROUND Integration of social services in health care delivery is increasingly recognized as a potential strategy for improving health and reducing the use of acute care services. Collaborative models that provide older adults with case management, linkages to social services, and assistance with health care navigation have emerged as promising strategies. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the Community Care Connections (CCC) program, a cross-sector collaboration designed to align social and health care services for older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN We compared hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits 90 days after enrollment with a propensity score-matched group of non-CCC patients. Subgroup analyses were also conducted for adults with hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol. SUBJECTS A total of 1004 patients enrolled in CCC between June 1, 2016, and November 15, 2018, and 1004 matched patients from the same metropolitan area. MEASURES Mean hospitalizations and ED visits per patient 90 days after CCC enrollment. RESULTS Mean hospitalizations were lower among CCC patients 90 days after enrollment than among non-CCC adults [difference=-0.039, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.077 to -0.001, P=0.044]. They were also lower among CCC patients with hypertension (difference=-0.057, 95% CI: -0.103 to -0.010, P=0.017). However, 90 days after enrollment mean ED visits were higher among CCC patients relative to non-CCC adults (difference=0.238, 95% CI: 0.195-0.281, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Connecting older adults to social services while being served by the health care system may lead to decreases in hospitalizations. Cross-sector partnerships that address social and economic needs may reduce the use of costly health care services.
Paradigms in Paying: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Behavioral Tax Response

Cultural binaries such as individualism and collectivism have been shown to influence individuals’ thought processes in a variety of domains. Theories of each type of culture make general predictions about how these culturally-based mindsets may influence economic decisions, but few studies have sought to ope-rationalize these paradigms in a behavioral measure. Using TurkPrime samples from both the US (individualistic society) and India (collectivistic), the present research shows that the cultural norms present in each country have behavioral manifestations as measured by differing levels of willingness to continue working under a re-distributive income tax. We show that members of a collectivistic society are significantly less opposed to re-distributive taxes in general, and more willing to continue working when such a tax is imposed on their income. The study attributes this difference to collectivistic societies viewing an accumulation of wealth as a larger responsibility to give back to society than individualistic societies. The experimental findings are then further corroborated by archival analysis of questionnaire responses from each country found in the World Values Survey.
Quantitative and Qualitative Research in Psychological Science

The field of psychology has emphasized quantitative laboratory research as a defining character of its role as a science, and has generally de-emphasized qualitative research and theorizing throughout its history. This article reviews some of the effects of this emphasis in two areas, intelligence testing, and learning and memory. On one side, quantitative measurement produced the widely used IQ test but shed little light on the construct of intelligence and its role in human cognition. On the other side, reductive quantification and experimental constraints limited the investigation and understanding of human memory systems and complex learning throughout the first century of the field’s history. Recent research under fewer constraints has made greater progress in these areas.
Global‐scale ionospheric flow and aurora precursors of auroral substorms: Coordinated SuperDARN and IMAGE/WIC observations

We use global-scale polar cap flow vector measurements from the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) with the concurrent auroral observations from the Wideband Imaging Camera on board Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE/WIC) to study the polar cap flow and auroral precursors during a substorm onset on 26 December 2000. We show, for the first time, close connection between the dayside and nightside polar cap flow enhancements (with the enhanced dayside flow preceding the nightside one by several minutes) and the ensuing poleward boundary intensification (PBI)/streamer, and the later onset, forming a complete preonset sequence for a substorm onset. Our results supplement our previous study by providing further evidence that the dayside polar cap flow disturbance may be the key to initiate the whole process of a certain type of substorm by triggering reconnection somewhere in the tail via applied field (or flow) perturbations on the nightside plasma sheet boundary layer. Our results also indicate that a preexisting double oval structure is likely a favorable precondition for a certain type of substorm to be triggered by polar cap flow disturbance and the associated PBIs/streamers. On the other hand, not all our global-scale preonset auroral sequences support the recent revised onset scenario proposed by Nishimura et al. (2010a) using the all-sky imagers of the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms mission. This suggests that the preceding PBI/streamer is not a sufficient condition to trigger a substorm. It may not even be a necessary condition considering the existence of various types of substorm onsets.
Prematurity and low birth weight litters: A mechanism elicited by thermal stress

Abstract Increased excretions of serotonin were produced by thermal stress in rats. Premature delivery occurred when these were excessively high. With lower levels of serotonin output low birth weight litters were produced. Implications of the breakdown of the heat-ridding mechanism in pregnancy are discussed.
Growth and development of the mouse retinal pigment epithelium: II. Cell patterning in experimental chimaeras and mosaics

Abstract The retinal pigment epithelium (PE), with pigmentation as a cell-autonomous marker, was analyzed in three types of mice: (1) congenic pigmented ↔ albino chimaeras, (2) X-inactivation mosaics (Cattanach's translocation), and (3) mosaics homozygous for the pink-eyed unstable mutation, which contain rare fully pigmented cells. In 10 chimaeric and 34 X-inactivation eyes, the proportionate mix in the right and left eyes of an individual animal was similar, the mix was approximately constant in all parts of a given eye, average patch size was larger toward the periphery of the PE, and peripheral patches tended to be elongated in the radial dimension. In all 44 whole mounts from pink-eyed unstable mutants, patches of 1–12 pigmented cells, each representing a single clone, were scattered throughout the PE; they tended to be larger with increasing distance from the optic nerve head. The collective data are consistent with significant cell mixing prior to specification of the two eye fields, during early organ-forming stages, and during later development of the PE. The tendency of peripheral patches to orient radially reflects the edge-biased pattern of cell proliferation in the PE. Cell mixing appears to be more prominent posteriorly in the PE sheet; growth proceeds anteriorly for more generations.