cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ROSE: retail outlet site evaluation by learning with both sample and feature preference

It is critical for retail enterprises to select good sites or locations to open their stores, especially in current competitive retail market. However, evaluating the goodness of sites in real business applications is a complex problem. That is, how to judge whether the market around a store site is good? We don't know the exact mechanism of how a site can be good and it is hard to have correct site goodness values as supervised labels. The Retail Outlet Site Evaluation (ROSE) tool is designed to learn the site evaluation model by integrating city geographic & demographic data and two kinds of expert knowledge: sample preference and feature preference. The feature preference information can help greatly reduce the required number of sample preferences. It enables our application practicable because it is almost impossible to give such amount of sample preference pairs manually by experts when ranking hundreds of data points. In the experiment and case study part, we show that the ROSE tool can achieve good results and useful for users to do site evaluation work in real cases.
Chest wall configuration in supine man: Wakefulness and sleep

We measured the anteroposterior and lateral diameter of the rib cage (RC), the anteroposterior diameter of the abdomen (ABD) and the cranio caudal abdominal dimension during breathing in supine posture, in order to analyze the shape of the chest wall in both awake and sleep conditions. By comparing the active breath holding and relaxation curves, it appeared that during activity of the respiratory muscles the RC is both expanded and distorted at the highest volumes and mainly distorted at the lowest volumes. During sleep the abdominal protrusion is smaller and the lateral sides of the rib cage expand more than during wakefulness. This might explain the higher rib cage motion during sleep found by some authors who measured the rib cage circumference and not confirmed by others who measured only its anteroposterior diameter. The motion of the rib cage is similar during sleep and wakefulness, its lateral parts leading the anteroposterior ones, showing that the pattern of motion of the rib cage is not affected by the different activation of the respiratory muscles. The possibility of a distorsion within the front part of the rib cage has been also discussed.
Cell binding and mitogenic properties of the lima bean lectins

Two lectins, a tetramer designated LBL4 and an octamer LBL8 designated have been purified from the lima beanPhaseolus lunatus. The tetramer appears to be nonmitogenic for human lymphocytes and is a weak mitogen for bovine cells. The octamer and a chemically cross-linked form of the tetramer are good mitogens. The lima bean lectin binds to only certain sub-populations of human lymphocytes. The primary class which does not bind appears to be a sub-population ofT-lymphocytes. Comparisons of cell binding with other lectins which bind to 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose have been carried out. Quantitative analysis of the binding to human erythrocytes is co-operative but binding to lymphocytes is non-co-operative. These results show that there may not be a direct correlation between mitogenic stimulation and cooperative binding to membrane receptors.
Professional practice of pediatric nurse practitioners: Implications for education and training of PNPs

Abstract Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of employment, the characteristics of children served, and the role functions of recent graduates of pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) programs and to compare these characteristics across programs. Method: A 60-item multiple-choice survey tool was sent to graduates from 1996-1998 of 6 universities across the United States. Results: A total of 137 surveys were received for a return rate of 52%. Less than half of the respondents (44%) indicated that they were employed in a primary care practice. Seventy percent indicated they “often” or “sometimes” provided care to children with acute/critical conditions, and 77% reported caring for children with chronic conditions. Role functions of case management, staff development, consultation, administration, and implementation of research were performed “often” or “sometimes” by more than 50% of respondents. Findings were fairly consistent in 5 out of 6 programs surveyed. Discussion: Graduates of PNP programs are increasingly called on to provide care to children with complex health care needs in non-primary care settings. Role functions beyond the traditional areas required for pediatric primary care are now common practice. Educational programs should address these dynamic changes by assessing the adequacy of their curricula and clinical residencies in preparing graduates. J Pediatr Health Care. (2001). 15, 291-298.
Electron transfer mechanism of the Rieske protein from Thermus thermophilus from solution nuclear magnetic resonance investigations.

We report nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data indicating that the Rieske protein from the cytochrome bc complex of Thermus thermophilus (TtRp) undergoes modest redox-state-dependent and ligand-dependent conformational changes. To test models concerning the mechanism by which TtRp transfers between different sites on the complex, we monitored 1H, 15N, and 13C NMR signals as a function of the redox state and molar ratio of added ligand. Our studies of full-length TtRp were conducted in the presence of dodecyl phosphocholine micelles to solvate the membrane anchor of the protein and the hydrophobic tail of the ligand (hydroubiquinone). NMR data indicated that hydroubiquinone binds to TtRp and stabilizes an altered protein conformation. We utilized a truncated form of the Rieske protein lacking the membrane anchor (trunc-TtRp) to investigate redox-state-dependent conformational changes. Local chemical shift perturbations suggested possible conformational changes at prolyl residues. Detailed investigations s...
Synthesis and biological activities of YkFA analogues: effects of position 4 substitutions and altered ring size on in vitro opioid activity.

Abstract Substitution in position 4 of the potent opioid peptide YkFA with aliphatic hydrophobic residues resulted in compounds that retained low nanomolar activities at both μ and δ opioid receptors, while ring contraction by incorporation of diaminobutyric acid in position 2 resulted in a more pronounced decrease in potency at both receptors for the ψ[CH 2 NH] pseudopeptide as compared to the all amide parent.
Reinforcing and subjective effects of methylphenidate in humans.

This study assessed the reinforcing and subjective effects of methylphenidate in a group of 35 adults (15 females and 20 males) with no history of drug dependence. A discrete-trial choice procedure was used to assess the reinforcing effects of a single oral dose of methylphenidate selected to produc
Thermodynamics of fusion peptide-membrane interactions

The fusion peptides of viral membrane fusion proteins play a key role in the mechanism of viral spike glycoprotein mediated membrane fusion. These peptides insert into the lipid bilayers of cellular target membranes where they adopt mostly helical secondary structures. To better understand how membranes may be converted to high-energy intermediates during fusion, it is of interest to know how much energy, enthalpy and entropy, is provided by the insertion of fusion peptides into lipid bilayers. Here, we describe a detailed thermodynamic analysis of the binding of analogues of the influenza hemagglutinin fusion peptide of different lengths and amino acid compositions. In small unilamellar vesicles, the interaction of these peptides with lipid bilayers is driven by enthalpy (−16.5 kcal/mol) and opposed by entropy (−30 cal mol-1 K-1). Most of the driving force (ΔG = −7.6 kcal/mol) comes from the enthalpy of peptide insertion deep into the lipid bilayer. Enthalpic gains and entropic losses of peptide folding ...
Thrombotic events in critically ill children with myocarditis

Background: Children with myocarditis have multiple risk factors for thrombotic events, yet the role of antithrombotic therapy is unclear in this population. We hypothesised that thrombotic events in critically ill children with myocarditis are common and that children with myocarditis are at higher risk for thrombotic events than children with non-inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of all children presenting to a single centre cardiac intensive care unit with myocarditis from 1995 to 2008. A comparison group of children with dilated cardiomyopathy was also examined. Antithrombotic regimens were recorded. The primary outcome of thrombotic events included intracardiac clots and any thromboembolic events. Results: Out of 45 cases with myocarditis, 40% were biopsy-proven, 24% viral polymerase chain reaction-supported, and 36% diagnosed based on high clinical suspicion. There were two (4.4%) thrombotic events in the myocarditis group and three (6.7%) in the dilated cardiomyopathy group (p = 1.0). Neither the use of any antiplatelet or anticoagulation therapy, use of intravenous immune globulin, presence of any arrhythmia, nor need for mechanical circulatory support were predictive of thrombotic events in the myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, or combined groups. Conclusions: Thrombotic events in critically ill children with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy occurred in 6% of the combined cohort. There was no difference in thrombotic events between inflammatory and non-inflammatory cardiomyopathy groups, suggesting that the decision to use antithrombotic prophylaxis should be based on factors other than the underlying aetiology of a child's acute decompensated heart failure.
Cooler temperatures destabilize RNA interference and increase susceptibility of disease vector mosquitoes to viral infection.

Background The impact of global climate change on the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases is the subject of extensive debate. The transmission of mosquito-borne viral diseases is particularly complex, with climatic variables directly affecting many parameters associated with the prevalence of disease vectors. While evidence shows that warmer temperatures often decrease the extrinsic incubation period of an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus), exposure to cooler temperatures often predisposes disease vector mosquitoes to higher infection rates. RNA interference (RNAi) pathways are essential to antiviral immunity in the mosquito; however, few experiments have explored the effects of temperature on the RNAi machinery. Methodology/Principal Findings We utilized transgenic “sensor” strains of Aedes aegypti to examine the role of temperature on RNA silencing. These “sensor” strains express EGFP only when RNAi is inhibited; for example, after knockdown of the effector proteins Dicer-2 (DCR-2) or Argonaute-2 (AGO-2). We observed an increase in EGFP expression in transgenic sensor mosquitoes reared at 18°C as compared with 28°C. Changes in expression were dependent on the presence of an inverted repeat with homology to a portion of the EGFP sequence, as transgenic strains lacking this sequence, the double stranded RNA (dsRNA) trigger for RNAi, showed no change in EGFP expression when reared at 18°C. Sequencing small RNAs in sensor mosquitoes reared at low temperature revealed normal processing of dsRNA substrates, suggesting the observed deficiency in RNAi occurs downstream of DCR-2. Rearing at cooler temperatures also predisposed mosquitoes to higher levels of infection with both chikungunya and yellow fever viruses. Conclusions/Significance This data suggest that microclimates, such as those present in mosquito breeding sites, as well as more general climactic variables may influence the dynamics of mosquito-borne viral diseases by affecting the antiviral immunity of disease vectors.
Cross-entropy motion planning

This paper is concerned with motion planning for non-linear robotic systems operating in constrained environments. A method for computing high-quality trajectories is proposed building upon recent developments in sampling-based motion planning and stochastic optimization. The idea is to equip sampling-based methods with a probabilistic model that serves as a sampling distribution and to incrementally update the model during planning using data collected by the algorithm. At the core of the approach lies the cross-entropy method for the estimation of rare-event probabilities. The cross-entropy method is combined with recent optimal motion planning methods such as the rapidly exploring random trees (RRT*) in order to handle complex environments. The main goal is to provide a framework for consistent adaptive sampling that correlates the spatial structure of trajectories and their computed costs in order to improve the performance of existing planning methods.
Effect of Sleep Position on Sleep Apnea and Parafunctional Activity

Parafunctional activity (toothgrinding, toothclenching and bruxism) is a common problem which may lead to masticatory muscle and temporomandibular joint pain, and may result from sleep arousal or disturbances. Sleep apnea is another common sleep disorder which results in disrupted sleep architecture and frequent arousals. Because sleep apnea leads to sleep arousals, and because sleep arousals are thought to result in increased parafunctional activity, we undertook the present study to determine the relationship between sleep apnea and parafunctional activity. We were also interested in assessing the effects of sleep posture on sleep disordered breathing and parafunctional activity. We prospectively studied 24 patients who were referred to the clinical sleep apnea laboratory for study. They underwent standard nocturnal polysomnographic examination; in addition, masticatory activity was measured with a masseter electromyogram. Patients slept in the supine and lateral decubitus positions. Nocturnal clenching was slightly higher in patients with sleep apnea than those without (12.2 vs 7.6 clenches/hr, p = 0.18), and there was a correlation between the clench index (Cl) and apnea plus hypopnea index (A + HI) by linear regression (r = 0.49, p
Hard structured particles: suspension synthesis, characterization, and compressibility.

Hard interactions are developed on three grades of fumed silica by eliminating interparticle forces and sterically stabilizing the particles by attaching an organic coating to the surface of the particles, suspending them in an index-matching solvent and screening the electrostatics. These hard-structured particles are studied to understand the effects of the particle's microstructure on suspension properties without the influence of interparticle forces other than volume exclusion, Brownian, and hydrodynamic interactions. Light and X-ray scattering studies of low-volume-fraction suspensions suggest that the fumed silicas consist of primary particle of radius of gyration Rg1≈ 16 nm and aggregate size Rg2 ≈ 50 nm and mass fractal dimension Df ≈ 2.2. Osmotic compressibilities of these suspensions are measured as a function of particle concentration exploring the packing mechanism of fumed silica. While there is minimal detectable change in the primary particle size, Rg2 varies by ∼15%, providing insight int...
A computational model for predicting and correlating the behavior of fixed‐bed reactors: I. Derivation of model for nonreactive systems

A mathematical model is developed for predicting the mixing characteristics of fixed beds of spheres. The model is based on a two-dimensional network of perfectly stirred tanks. By means of the conventional partial differential equation description of flow in fixed beds, the predictions of the new model are compared with experimentally observed axial and radial mixing characteristics. The introduction of a capacitance effect is shown to enable the model to predict the abnormally low axial Peclet numbers observed in liquid-phase systems in the unsteady state. The mathematical model developed in the first part of this paper is extended to cover chemical reaction in a cylindrical fixed bed of porous catalyst spheres. The mathematical effect on the model of various controlling rate steps, nonconstant property values, and multiple, non-first-order reactions is discussed. After the general discussion a simplified system is chosen to indicate the practical advantages of the model. A single, first-order, irreversible, exothermic reaction is considered to proceed according to an effectively homogeneous rate expression, which varies exponentially with the inverse of absolute temperature. Both steady state and transient cases are calculated for a reactor, the walls of which are maintained at constant temperature.
M. tuberculosis Ser/Thr protein kinase D phosphorylates an anti-anti-sigma factor homolog.

Receptor Ser/Thr protein kinases are candidates for sensors that govern developmental changes and disease processes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but the functions of these kinases are not established. Here, we show that Mtb protein kinase (Pkn) D overexpression alters transcription of numerous bacterial genes, including Rv0516c, a putative anti-anti–sigma factor, and genes regulated by sigma factor F. The PknD kinase domain directly phosphorylated Rv0516c, but no other sigma factor regulator, in vitro. In contrast, the purified PknB and PknE kinase domains phosphorylated distinct sigma regulators. Rather than modifying a consensus site, PknD phosphorylated Rv0516c in vitro and in vivo on Thr2 in a unique N-terminal extension. This phosphorylation inhibited Rv0516c binding in vitro to a homologous anti-anti–sigma factor, Rv2638. These results support a model in which signals transmitted through PknD alter the transcriptional program of Mtb by stimulating phosphorylation of a sigma factor regulator at an unprecedented control site.
A candidate juvenoid hormone receptor cis-element in the Daphnia magna hb2 hemoglobin gene promoter.

Abstract Hemoglobin levels are significantly elevated in the crustacean Daphnia magna by juvenoid hormones. The present study was undertaken to identify the specific globin (hb) genes that are induced by juvenoids and to identify putative juvenoid response elements (JREs) that may mediate this induction. Gene product of globin 2 (hb2), but not globin 1 and globin 3, was robustly elevated following juvenoid treatment of daphnids. A candidate JRE, located in the promoter of hb2, bound activated factor(s) in response to juvenoid treatment of daphnids. This hormone-induced protein:JRE interaction was robust when daphnids were reared at high oxygen tension but was inhibited when daphnids were reared under low pO2, implying that hypoxia might act to disrupt juvenoid-mediated endocrine signaling. The candidate JRE consists of a steroid/retinoid-response element-like core adjacent to a 5′ AT-rich extension and thus bears resemblance to response elements that bind monomeric nuclear receptors. The induction of hb2 mRNA levels by juvenoid treatment occurred rapidly (within 4 h of exposure) and was not attenuated by treatment of daphnids with cycloheximide. In contrast, cycloheximide treatment did block hormone-mediated elevations in hemoglobin protein levels. Thus, induction of hb2 by juvenoids was not dependent upon the synthesis of secondary transcription factors that bound the JRE but was likely due to activation of the gene directly by the juvenoid-receptor complex. Affinity pull-down experiments with nuclear proteins extracted from juvenoid-treated daphnids using the JRE as bait yielded a 52 kDa candidate for a monomeric nuclear receptor in D. magna that may mediate the regulatory activity of juvenoids.
Infectious Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C from an African Isolate: Rhesus Macaque Model

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C is responsible for more than 56% of all infections in the HIV and AIDS pandemic. It is the predominant subtype in the rapidly expanding epidemic in southern Africa. To develop a relevant model that would facilitate studies of transmission, pathogenesis, and vaccine development for this subtype, we generated SHIVMJ4, a simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) chimera based on HIV-1 subtype C. SHIVMJ4 contains the majority of env, the entire second exon of tat, and a partial sequence of the second exon of rev, all derived from a CCR5-tropic, primary isolate envelope clone from southern Africa. SHIVMJ4 replicated efficiently in human, rhesus, and pig-tailed macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro but not in CEMx174 cells. To assess in vivo infectivity, SHIVMJ4 was intravenously inoculated into four rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). All four animals became infected as determined through virus isolation, PCR analysis, and viral loads of 107 to 108 copies of viral RNA per ml of plasma during the primary infection phase. We have established a CCR5-tropic SHIVMJ4/rhesus macaque model that may be useful in the studies of HIV-1 subtype C immunology and biology and may also facilitate the evaluation of vaccines to control the spread of HIV-1 subtype C in southern Africa and elsewhere.
Naming Our Sexual and Sexualized Bodies in the Classroom: And the Important Stuff that Comes after the Colon.

This is an essay about what teachers come to know as they struggle to name their historically minoritized, non-normatively sexual and sexualized bodies as teachers in a variety of educational contexts. Regardless of one's opinion on the efficacy of “coming out” in the classroom—and the authors ask the readers to kindly consider the possibility that one might “come out” as heterosexual— it is certain that teachers' bodies are sexual and sexualized. Therefore, what the authors ask the readers to consider is not a question of if they name their sexual and sexualized bodies as teachers but rather how they name their sexual and sexualized bodies as teachers. And not naming counts, too. In this essay, the authors commingle their stories of doing the naming of their sexualized teachers' bodies with a collection of scholarly attempts to name sexual bodies in theory.
High-performance left-to-right array multiplier design

We propose a split array multiplier organized in a left-to-right leapfrog (LRLF) structure with reduced delay compared to conventional array multipliers. Moreover, the proposed design shows equivalent performance as tree multipliers for n/spl les/32. An efficient radix-4 recoding logic generates the partial products in a left-to-right order. The partial products are split into upper and lower groups. Each group is reduced using [3:2] adders with optimized signal flows and the carry-save results from two groups are combined using a [4:2] adder. The final product is obtained with a prefix adder optimized to match the non-uniform arrival profile of the inputs. Layout experiments indicate that upper/lower split multipliers have slightly less area and power than optimized tree multipliers while keeping the same delay for n/spl les/32.
The Three-Dimensional Structure of the Flagellar Rotor from a Clockwise-Locked Mutant of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Three-dimensional reconstructions from electron cryomicrographs of the rotor of the flagellar motor reveal that the symmetry of individual M rings varies from 24-fold to 26-fold while that of the C rings, containing the two motor/switch proteins FliM and FliN, varies from 32-fold to 36-fold, with no apparent correlation between the symmetries of the two rings. Results from other studies provided evidence that, in addition to the transmembrane protein FliF, at least some part of the third motor/switch protein, FliG, contributes to a thickening on the face of the M ring, but there was no evidence as to whether or not any portion of FliG also contributes to the C ring. Of the four morphological features in the cross section of the C ring, the feature closest to the M ring is not present with the rotational symmetry of the rest of the C ring, but instead it has the symmetry of the M ring. We suggest that this inner feature arises from a domain of FliG. We present a hypothetical docking in which the C-terminal motor domain of FliG lies in the C ring, where it can interact intimately with FliM.
The Production of Noun Phrases in English and Spanish: Implications for the Scope of Phonological Encoding in Speech Production☆

Abstract The role of the phonological word as a planning unit in the production of noun phrases (NPs) was investigated in three picture-word interference experiments. We addressed this issue cross-linguistically by asking Spanish and English speakers to produce simple (determiner + noun [in English]) and complex (determiner + adjective + noun [in English] or determiner + noun + adjective [in Spanish]) NPs while ignoring phonologically related or unrelated distractors. The results showed that naming latencies are faster when the distractor is phonologically related to the noun or to the adjective irrespective of the type of NP tested. The results suggest that NP naming latencies are affected by the level of activation of the phonological content of the lexical nodes of the NP, regardless of whether they belong to the first or second phonological word. The results are interpreted in the framework of theories of phonological encoding.
UNSUPERVISED LABELING OF DATA FOR SUPERVISED LEARNING AND ITS APPLICATION TO MEDICAL CLAIMS PREDICTION

The task identifying changes and irregularities in medical insurance claim pay-ments is a diﬃcult process of which the traditional practice involves queryinghistorical claims databases and ﬂagging potential claims as normal or abnor-mal. Because what is considered as normal payment is usually unknown andmay change over time, abnormal payments often pass undetected; only to bediscovered when the payment period has passed.This paper presents the problem of on-line unsupervised learning from datastreams when the distribution that generates the data changes or drifts overtime. Automated algorithms for detecting drifting concepts in a probabilitydistribution of the data are presented. The idea behind the presented driftdetection methods is to transform the distribution of the data within a slidingwindow into a more convenient distribution. Then, a test statistics p-value ata given signiﬁcance level can be used to infer the drift rate, adjust the windowsize and decide on the status of the drift. The detected concepts drifts areused to label the data, for subsequent learning of classiﬁcation models by asupervised learner. The algorithms were tested on several synthetic and realmedical claims data sets.
Distinct Calcium Channels Regulate Responses of Primary B Lymphocytes to B Cell Receptor Engagement and Mechanical Stimuli

Intracellular Ca 2+ plays a central role in controlling lymphocyte function. Nonetheless, critical gaps remain in our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate its concentration. Although Ca 2+ -release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels are the primary Ca 2+ entry pathways in T cells, additional pathways appear to be operative in B cells. Our efforts to delineate these pathways in primary murine B cells reveal that Ca 2+ -permeant nonselective cation channels (NSCCs) operate in a cooperative fashion with CRAC. Interestingly, these non-CRAC channels are selectively activated by mechanical stress, although the mechanism overlaps with BCR-activated pathways, suggesting that they may operate in concert to produce functionally diverse Ca 2+ signals. NSCCs also regulate the membrane potential, which activates integrin-dependent binding of B cells to extracellular matrix elements involved in their trafficking and localization within secondary lymphoid organs. Thus, CRAC and distinct Ca 2+ permeant NSCCs are differentially activated by the BCR and mechanical stimuli and regulate distinct aspects of B cell physiology.
Managing Distribution Quality Through an Adapted Incentive Program with Tiered Goals and Feedback

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate a program designed to improve the work quality of employees at a food distribution warehouse. Participants (n = 23) were responsible for selecting food items to be distributed to restaurants. Selector errors were targeted using an adapted incentive program featuring tiered goals and individualized normative feedback. A pre-existing incentive program, wherein selectors forfeited money for each error, was adapted to allow the selectors the opportunity to earn back their disincentive money upon attainment of weekly goals that were increasingly demanding. The initial goal for the first two weeks was set at 2.0 errors per 1000 cases and every two weeks thereafter the new goal was reduced by 0.1 errors per 1000 cases until the final goal of 1.5 errors per 1000 cases. Weekly graphic feedback included public posting of individual error rates. The mean errors per 1000 cases for the experimental group decreased 10% from 3.16 during baseline to 2.54 during the inter...
Architecture and design of a 500-MHz gallium-arsenide processing element for a parallel supercomputer

The design of the processing element of GASP, a GaAs supercomputer with a 500-MHz instruction issue rate and 1-GHz subsystem clocks, is presented. The novel, functionally modular, block data flow architecture of GASP is described. The architecture and design of a GASP processing element is then presented. The processing element (PE) is implemented in a hybrid semiconductor module with 152 custom GaAs ICs of eight different types. The effects of the implementation technology on both the system-level architecture and the PE design are discussed. SPICE simulations indicate that parts of the PE are capable of being clocked at 1 GHz, while the rest of the PE uses a 500-MHz clock. The architecture utilizes data flow techniques at a program block level, which allows efficient execution of parallel programs while maintaining reasonably good performance on sequential programs. A simulation study of the architecture indicates that an instruction execution rate of over 30,000 MIPS can be attained with 65 PEs. >
Draining ties: Tie quality versus content in low-income women’s social networks when displaced by redevelopment

Public housing redevelopment has the potential to disrupt resident social support social networks. In reaction to Curley’s (2009) finding that some relocated residents from the Maverick HOPE VI site were able to slough off non-reciprocal social support ties — ”draining ties” — this paper hypothesizes that relocation does not alter patterns of interaction. That is, if someone depended on neighbors for social support, they continued to do so; if someone was avoidant, they continued to do that. A promising direction for social interventions to support residents in their relocation may be to more deliberately help relocated residents maintain social support networks, so that those who were avoiding “draining ties” in public housing do not lose out on potentially beneficial social ties in their new settings.
Beef and Beyond: Paying for Ecosystem Services on Western US Rangelands

Beef and Beyond: Paying for Ecosystem Services on Western US Rangelands DOI:10.2458/azu_rangelands_v33i5_goldstein
A Comparison of the Number of Multiple Enzymatic Forms in Gravid and Nongra Vid Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns were obtained for 16 different enzymes from both gravid and nongravid Aedes aegypti virgins. In 6 out of the 16 enzymes looked at, 1 or more additional enzymatic forms not present in nongravid females were present in extracts obtained from gravid females.
A fixed-delay broadcasting protocol for video-on-demand

Broadcasting protocols reduce the cost of video-on-demand services by distributing more efficiently videos that are likely to be simultaneously watched by many viewers. Rather than answering individual customer requests, they broadcast the contents of each video according to a fixed schedule. We present a fixed-delay pagoda broadcasting protocol that requires all users to wait for a small fixed delay before watching the video they have selected. The protocol uses this delay to reduce the bandwidth required to transmit the first minutes of each video. As a result, our protocol provides the lowest waiting times of all protocols using segments of equal duration and channels of equal bandwidth. In addition, its performance is not very far from the theoretical minimum. We also show how to modify our protocol to restrict the set-top, box receiving bandwidth to two times the video consumption rate.
Mga2p Processing by Hypoxia and Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Impact on LORE-Dependent Gene Expression

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, OLE1 encodes a delta9 fatty acid desaturase, an enzyme that plays a critical role in maintaining the correct ratio of saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane. Previous studies have demonstrated that (i) OLE1 expression is repressed by unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and induced by low oxygen tension, (ii) a component of this regulation is mediated through the same low oxygen response element (LORE) in the OLE1 promoter, and (iii) Mga2p is involved in LORE-dependent hypoxic induction of OLE1. We now report that LORE-CYC1 basal promoter-lacZ fusion reporter assays demonstrate that UFAs repress the reporter expression under hypoxic conditions in a dose-dependent manner via LORE. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that UFAs repress the hypoxia-induced complex formation with LORE. Studies with a construct encoding a truncated form of Mga2p support the hypothesis that both hypoxia and UFA signals affect the processing of Mga2p and the UFA repression of OLE1 hypoxic induction is mediated through Mga2p. Data from Western blot assays provide evidence that under normoxic conditions, Mga2p processing produces approximately equimolar levels of the membrane-bound and processed forms and is unaffected by UFAs. Hypoxic induction of OLE1, however, is associated with increased processing of the protein, resulting in an approximately fivefold increase in the soluble active form that is counteracted by exposure of the cells to unsaturated fatty acids. Data from this study suggest that the Mga2p-LORE interaction plays an important role in OLE1 expression under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions.
An HIV Testing Intervention in African American Churches: Pilot Study Findings

Background African Americans are disproportionately burdened by HIV. The African American church is an influential institution with potential to increase reach of HIV prevention interventions in Black communities. Purpose This study examined HIV testing rates in African American churches in the Taking It to the Pews pilot project. Using a community-engaged approach, church leaders delivered religiously-tailored HIV education and testing materials/activities (e.g., sermons, brochures/bulletins, testimonials) to church and community members. Methods Four African American churches (N=543 participants) located in the Kansas City metropolitan area were randomized to intervention and comparison groups. Receipt of an HIV test was assessed at baseline and 6 months. Results Findings indicated intervention participants were 2.2 times more likely to receive an HIV test than comparisons at 6 months. Church leaders delivered about 2 tools per month. Conclusions Church-based HIV testing interventions are feasible and have potential to increase HIV testing rates in African American communities.
Short-Time Fourier Transform of Continuous Wave Doppler Signals

A Doppler-based ultrasonic monitoring scheme was introduced to detect discontinuities on the surface of a rapidly moving object. Single-tone, continuous wave (CW) ultrasound was impinged onto the moving surface and the reflected signal was processed by a Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) algorithm to identify surface anomalies. By monitoring the peak magnitude of the STFT spectra within a specified window, it was possible to reconstruct a signal representing Doppler frequency shift continuously in the time domain.
Liberalism and the British Empire in India

It is hard to argue against the view that liberalism and empire have historically shared the same terrain of political ideas. If Raymond Williams is correct, then there is indeed an older set of implications attached to the words “liberal” and “liberalism” dating back to uses of the word “liberty,” commonly known in Shakespearean England, especially as expressed in “liberties of the subject,” that is, to a far more limited construction of the word “liberty” than its modern usage would allow (Williams 1976, 180). Liberty in this instance was the recognition of certain rights granted to subjects of a sovereign authority. In this brief essay on how historians and political theorists in recent years have debated the tortuous relationship between the ideas of empire and liberty in British India, I would like to pause on this constricted and negative definition of liberty rather than its widest possible connotation in terms of human freedom and reflect on how the British Empire in India provided a critical arena for the exercise of sovereign power in the name of both freedom and responsibility. It might be worth stressing that the term “liberal” itself, with its various connotations ranging from licentious to the humane, predates the narrower body of ideas typically attributed to political liberalism, and moreover, that liberalism by far precedes imperialism as a coherent doctrine.
Perifollicular haemorrhage with corkscrew hair due to scurvy

Ascorbic acid deficiency, or scurvy, is a serious multisystem illness with characteristic dermatological manifestations. In an era of food insecurity, scurvy remains a problem in marginalised populations, and is important for clinicians to be able to identify. Fortunately, with appropriate vitamin replacement, scurvy is readily treated. We describe a case of a man with unusual dietary habits leading to classic cutaneous manifestations of scurvy, exemplifying the typical clinical findings of this treatable disease. A 38-year-old Caucasian man with rheumatoid arthritis and schizophrenia presented to the emergency department with 3 weeks of progressively worsening rash, malaise and fatigue. He had no prior dermatological diagnoses and was taking no medications. For the past 6 months, due to self-diagnosed gluten insensitivity, …
Lost opportunities to identify and treat HIV-positive patients: results from a baseline assessment of provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling (PITC) in Malawi

Objective To assess implementation of provider-initiated testing and counselling (PITC) for HIV in Malawi. Methods A review of PITC practices within 118 departments in 12 Ministry of Health (MoH) facilities across Malawi was conducted. Information on PITC practices was collected via a health facility survey. Data describing patient visits and HIV tests were abstracted from routinely collected programme data. Results Reported PITC practices were highly variable. Most providers practiced symptom-based PITC. Antenatal clinics and maternity wards reported widespread use of routine opt-out PITC. In 2014, there was approximately 1 HIV test for every 15 clinic visits. HIV status was ascertained in 94.3% (5293/5615) of patients at tuberculosis clinics, 92.6% (30,675/33,142) of patients at antenatal clinics and 49.4% (6871/13,914) of patients at sexually transmitted infection clinics. Reported challenges to delivering PITC included test kit shortages (71/71 providers), insufficient physical space (58/71) and inadequate number of HIV counsellors (32/71) while providers from inpatient units cited the inability to test on weekends. Conclusions Various models of PITC currently exist at MoH facilities in Malawi. Only antenatal and maternity clinics demonstrated high rates of routine opt-out PITC. The low ratio of facility visits to HIV tests suggests missed opportunities for HIV testing. However, the high proportion of patients at TB and antenatal clinics with known HIV status suggests that routine PITC is feasible. These results underscore the need to develop clear, standardised PITC policy and protocols, and to address obstacles of limited health commodities, infrastructure and human resources.
A Pooling Prototype for the LTE MAC Layer Based on a GPP Platform

Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is a trending concept for wireless communication, driven by the increase in mobile data traffic. C-RAN enables the pooling of baseband resources across multiple cell sites. This allows the mobile operator to save both CAPEX and OPEX by statistically multiplexing their baseband resources in response to real-time network demands. The pooling of baseband resources requires a new intelligent mechanism for resource management. In this paper, we propose a pooling system for the LTE MAC layer running on a General Purpose Processor (GPP) platform. The proposed pooling system includes an application-aware task controller that replaces the resource management functionality in the Operating System (OS). In this paper, we provide the experimental results of a pooling prototype running on a single server with an Intel multi-core processor. We show the achieved improvement in CPU utilization and power consumption within the pool. We also provide a detailed design for the application-aware task controller.
Production of the Gypsy Moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus, Using Carrageenans as Dietary Gelling Agents

Five carrageenans were compared with agar as gelling agents on the basis of cost, virus yield per insect, and virus potency. Gelcarin® HWG was rated overall the best gelling agent, followed closely by Seagel® GH and Carrageenan® GH. All carrageenans were less expensive than agar. Larval weight and virus yield per larva were highest with diets containing Carrageenan® GH and Seagel® GH and lowest with Seagel® Pet. Virus from hosts reared on diets with Gelcarin® HWG and agar showed the highest biological activity in standard bioassays, whereas virus from hosts reared on diets with Seakem® 202 showed the lowest biological activity.
Troubling "environments": postgenomics, Bajan wheezing, and Lévi-Strauss.

Postgenomics is intended to move beyond the search for genes to explore disease as a result of genes interacting with their environment, revealing how they have relevance for health. This addition of environment confers genomic research with new cultural life, making it relevant to public health discourse, government interventions, and health disparities. Drawing on ethnographic research following an American genetics of asthma study conducted in Barbados, I explore the ways environment gets construed by the multiple communities involved-U.S. researchers, Bajan officials, medical practitioners, and patient participants. I draw on Levi-Strauss to argue that plural competing environments give mana to the American postgenomic project as intervention on racial injustice, household practices, pollution, and other aspects of asthma.
IL-1β expression in IgM monoclonal gammopathy and its relationship to multiple myeloma

We have shown that IL-1beta is not detectable in normal plasma cells but is produced by plasma cells from virtually all patients with multiple myeloma (MM). To extend our earlier work, IL-1beta expression was determined in 13 newly diagnosed patients with IgM monoclonal gammopathy. Eleven patients with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) and two patients with IgM MM were investigated for IL-1beta expression by in situ hybridization (ISH). All patients with WM had bone marrow biopsies consistent with the diagnosis, an IgM M-protein in the serum, and subsequently required chemotherapy. Seven of 11 patients with WM had an M-protein >3 g/dl and five patients had bone surveys performed that were negative for osteolytic disease. Two patients were diagnosed with IgM MM because of the presence of significant osteolytic disease on a metastatic bone survey. ISH for kappa, lambda, and IL-1beta expression was performed on bone marrow aspirates from each of the 13 patients. None of the neoplastic cells from the 11 patients with WM showed detectable IL-1beta expression by ISH. However, the neoplastic cells from both patients with IgM MM expressed IL-1beta mRNA at high levels. This aberrant IL-1beta production may explain the presence of bone lesions in the patients with IgM MM.
126. Diagnostik der Lungenembolie

Sektionen zeigen, das Lungenembolien in 70 % klinisch nicht diagnostiziert werden und andererseits die klinische Todesursache LE genauso haufig vom Pathologen nicht bestatigt werden kann. EKG und Rontgenthorax ergeben haufig keinen sicheren Hinweis. Szintigraphisch ist eine LE mit Sicherheit auszuschliesen, wenn beide Lungen vollstandig perfundiert sind. Ursachen minderdurchbluteter Bezirke sind haufiger Atelektasen, bronchopneumonale Herde usw. als Embolien. Diagnostische Sicherheit bringt die Pulmonalisangiographie. Die partielle Cavaokklusion schutzt dann vor dem todlichen Schub.
Population Trends, Seasonal Phenology, and Impact of Chrysolina quadrigemina, C. hyperici (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and Agrilus hyperici (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Associated with Hypericum perforatum in Northern Idaho

Although considerable study of Chysolina quadrigemina (Suffrian) and C. hyperici (Forster) has occurred in California, Australia, and Canada, these species have not been thoroughly studied in Idaho or the Pacific Northwest. Northern Idaho populations of the two leaf beetles were sampled periodically from four (three grassland and one forest meadow) sites infested with St. Johnswort during 1985 and 1986. The egg was the dominant overwintering stage at most sites and most larval feeding took place in the spring and early summer. Beetle population levels and trends varied from site to site. C. quadrigemina was the dominant species in the grassland sites; C. hyperici dominated in the forested site. The bronze color morph of C. quadrigemina dominated over the other color morphs at all sites where it was present. Populations of Agrilus hyperici (Creutzer) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) also were sampled periodically from the same four St. Johnswort infestations during 1985 and 1986. Adults emerged during late May through July. Eggs were laid during July. The proportion of stems infested with eggs at the four sites ranged from 0 to 92%. However, mean larval numbers were always less than one per plant. Live and dead plants contained live larvae. Nearly one-half of the dead plants at one site had once been infested. Based on the larval infestation levels observed (live larvae and adult exit holes), particularly in dead plants, it appears that A. hyperici has contributed significantly to St. Johnswort suppression in Idaho. Annual grasses (i.e., Bromus spp.) and weedy forbs (i.e., Centaurea spp.) constitute the major replacement vegetation at most of the St. Johnswort infested study sites in northern Idaho.
Fashioning the Body: An Intimate History of the Silhouette

As Joanne Entwistle writes in The Fashioned Body (2000, 1), “fashion is about bodies: it is produced, promoted, and worn by bodies.” Fashioning the Body: An Intimate History of the Silhouette at Ba...
O-GlcNAcylation in Cancer Biology: Linking Metabolism and Signaling

The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is highly dependent on multiple metabolic nutrients including glucose, glutamine, and acetyl-CoA. Increased flux through HBP leads to elevated post-translational addition of β-D-N-acetylglucosamine sugars to nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Increased total O-GlcNAcylation is emerging as a general characteristic of cancer cells, and recent studies suggest that O-GlcNAcylation is a central communicator of nutritional status to control key signaling and metabolic pathways that regulate multiple cancer cell phenotypes. This review summarizes our current understanding of changes of O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes in cancer, the role of O-GlcNAcylation in tumorigenesis, and the current challenges in targeting this pathway therapeutically.