cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of 3 sequestering agents on milk aflatoxin M1 concentration and the performance and immune status of dairy cows fed diets artificially contaminated with aflatoxin B1

This study examined whether adding 3 mycotoxin-sequestering agents to diets contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) would reduce milk aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) concentration, and improve the performance and alter immune status of dairy cows. Fifteen lactating dairy cows were used in an experiment with an incomplete crossover design including four 28-d periods. Treatments included a control diet (C), a toxin diet (T; 1,725µg of AFB1/head per day; 75µg/kg), and diets containing the toxin and 20g/head per day of a proprietary mixture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product containing a low (SEQ1) or high (SEQ2) dose of a chlorophyll-based additive, or a low dose of the chlorophyll-based additive and sodium bentonite clay (SEQ3). Sequestering agents were top-dressed on the total mixed ration (TMR) daily in each period, and AFB1 was dosed orally in gelatin capsules before the TMR was fed on d 21 to 25. Milk was sampled twice daily on d 20 to 28 and plasma was sampled on d 20 and 25. Sequestering agents did not affect milk AFM1 concentration during the toxin-dosing period. However, after AFB1 was withdrawn, the sequestering agents reduced the time required (24 vs. 48h) to reduce the milk AFM1 concentration below the Food and Drug Administration action level of 0.5µg/kg. Feeding T instead of C tended to reduce milk and fat-corrected milk yields, but feeding SEQ1 prevented these effects. Red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration were reduced by feeding T instead of C, but not by feeding SEQ1, SEQ2, or SEQ3. The mean fluorescence intensity of antibody staining for 2 leukocyte adhesion molecules, L-selectin (CD62L) and β-integrin (CD18), tended to be greatest when SEQ1 and SEQ3 were fed. Plasma acid-soluble protein concentration was decreased by feeding SEQ1, SEQ2, and SEQ3 instead of T. Sequestering agents had no effect on milk AFM1 concentration, but they reduced the time required to reduce milk AFM1 concentration to a safe level after withdrawal of AFB1 from the diet. Only SEQ1 prevented the adverse effects of AFB1 on milk and fat-corrected milk yields.
OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS FOR AIRCRAFT FLIGHT IN A WINDSHEAR

This chapter presents an overview of the optimization problems having interest for the flight of an aircraft in a windshear. Three problems are studied: (P1) for take-off trajectories, the minimization of the maximum deviation of the absolute path inclination from a reference value; here, relative path inclination recovery is required at the final point; (P2) for abort landing trajectories, the minimization of the maximum drop of altitude from a reference value; here, the transition from descending flight to ascending flight is required; (P3) for penetration landing trajectories, the minimization of a performance index measuring the deviation of the flight trajectory from the nominal trajectory; here, the touchdown path inclination is specified and the values of the trouchdown distance and the touchdown velocity must be in a specified range. Problems (P1) and (P2) are Chebyshev problems of optimal control, and Problem (P3) is a Bolza problem of optimal control. These problems are solved by means of the sequential gradient-restoration algorithm for optimal control problems.
Improving Understanding about Social Influences on Food Choices in College Students: A Pilot Study

The impact of social influences on food choices in college settings is of great importance because students are vulnerable to new forming identities at this time. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine the degree to which social influences impact food choices in a sample of college students. A 22-item survey instrument was created to determine the extent to which students have experienced being influenced by others when making food related purchasing decisions. A total of 257 out of a 323 students invited (80% response rate) in 11 sections of a personal health course responded to the survey. The overwhelming majority of respondents were reportedly comfortable ordering whatever they wanted when in the presence of their friends (n=249; 97%). Students were more likely to feel pressure to make a healthy choice than an unhealthy choice if everyone else was (45.1% vs. 31.5%), but fewer felt this way when asked specifically if their friends were ordering (28.4% vs. 21%). Social influences surrounding food choices are a topic that has gained momentum recently, however more research needs to be conducted to determine the reasons why social influences affect certain college students especially in comparing healthy versus unhealthy food choices.
Book Review: Islami Muaashiyaat

This valuable and absorbing book brings out facts not generally discussed in the field of economics. It presents complex ideas of Islamic Economics from the Quranic and Hadith perspective in a literary and lucid style. Sometimes novice Urdu reader is digressed, but the author's artistic style keeps the reader engaged to the end. Gilani begins with factors of production, capital and Quran, labor and Quran, and world as a system of earning bread and butter, equal rights of men and women in the field of economics and then logically links these with prerequisites by mentioning just two words "guardian scholar" (HaJeez 0 Aleem). In fact, Prophet Hadhrat Yousaf introduced himself to the Egyptian King saying "1 am Hafeez 0 Aleem, so appoint me as a custodian of your lands." These two words are hardly found in the vocabulary of economic scholars.Gilani categorically refutes the western monks and eastern Jogis. Notably Gilani said that one can simultaneously reach the height of spirituality and economic progress.
Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) Deficiency Promotes Increases in High-Fat Diet-Induced Body Weight Gain And Visceral Fat, but Not Hypertension, during Pregnancy

Obesity is a major risk factor for preeclampsia but the mechanisms linking obesity with this disease of new-onset hypertension during pregnancy remain unclear. Although MC4R is an important neural ...
Label-free tomographic reconstruction of optically thick structures using GLIM (Conference Presentation)

Although the contrast generated in transmitted light microscopy is due to the elastic scattering of light, multiple scattering scrambles the image and reduces overall visibility. To image both thin and thick samples, we turn to gradient light interference microscopy (GLIM) to simultaneously measure morphological parameters such as cell mass, volume, and surfaces as they change through time. Because GLIM combines multiple intensity images corresponding to controlled phase offsets between laterally sheared beams, incoherent contributions from multiple scattering are implicitly cancelled during the phase reconstruction procedure. As the interfering beams traverse near identical paths, they remain comparable in power and interfere with optimal contrast. This key property lets us obtain tomographic parameters from wide field z-scans after simple numerical processing. Here we show our results on reconstructing tomograms of bovine embryos, characterizing the time-lapse growth of HeLa cells in 3D, and preliminary results on imaging much larger specimen such as brain slices.
Financial Risk Tolerance: A Psychometric Review

This content provides financial analysts, investment professionals, and financial planners with a review of how financial risk-tolerance tests can and should be evaluated. It begins by clarifying terms related to risk taking and is followed by a broad overview of two important measurement terms: validity and reliability. It concludes with examples for practice.
Open Educational Resources (OERs) Part 1: Collaborating and Developing OERs for Your Courses

BRIEF SESSION DESCRIPTION:Session will showcase presenter experiences in transitioning to finding, developing, and using Open Educational Resources (OERs) in their teaching. Attendees will be led throughAÂ a brief presentation of original OER material, as well as a demonstration on how to start a group project and to create a course module in an OER repository. For attendees with access to mobile/laptop devices during the workshop, hands-on practice for creating a lesson within an OER repository will be provided.________________________________________________________________FULL ABSTRACT: Open Educational Resources (OER) are digital and accessible education materials with an open license in the public domain. OER are a notable trend among universities due to reducing dependency on textbooks and allowing for faculty to create material based upon their own training and classroom experiences. This session will provide in-depth examples and share lessons learned fromAÂ creating originalAÂ OER materials for George Mason University's 300-level required Spanish courses aiming for up- to-date linguistic and cultural knowledge on the globalized Spanish-speaking world and 500-level humanities courses aiming for the transition to graduate studies in the US for international students. These projects were funded and completed through the Mason 4-VA, in collaboration with the University Libraries and Mason Online. We will present our experience in transitioning to OER including the challenges encountered and learning as educators in what became a highly creative and collaborative process. Attendees will be led throughAÂ a presentation of original OER material, as well as a demonstration on how to start a group project and to create a course module in an OER repository. For attendees with access to digital materials and mobile devices during the workshop, hands-on practice for creating a lesson within an OER repository will be provided.Resources: http://publishing.gmu.edu/communication/open-educational-resources/
Strategic Renewal Decisions During Technological Change: Influence of CEO Motives and Personality

Strategic renewal is enabled or hindered by the actions of CEOs. In this paper we propose how the motives of the CEOs influence the initiation and implementation of strategic renewal. We suggest th...
Neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience in the fMRI era: A recapitulation of localizationist and connectionist views.

Objective We highlight the past 25 years of cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology, focusing on the impact to the field of the introduction in 1992 of functional MRI (fMRI). Method We reviewed the past 25 years of literature in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology, focusing on the relation and interplay of fMRI studies and studies utilizing the "lesion method" in human participants with focal brain damage. Results Our review highlights the state of localist/connectionist research debates in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology circa 1992, and details how the introduction of fMRI into the field at that time catalyzed a new wave of efforts to map complex human behavior to specific brain regions. This, in turn, eventually evolved into many studies that focused on networks and connections between brain areas, culminating in recent years with large-scale investigations such as the Human Connectome Project. Conclusions We argue that throughout the past 25 years, neuropsychology-and more precisely, the "lesion method" in humans-has continued to play a critical role in arbitrating conclusions and theories derived from inferred patterns of local brain activity or wide-spread connectivity from functional imaging approaches. We conclude by highlighting the future for neuropsychology in the context of an increasingly complex methodological armamentarium. (PsycINFO Database Record
Comment on I. Lashkevych, O. Yu. Titov, and Yu. G. Gurevich, “Ohm’s Law for a Bipolar Semiconductor: The Role of Carrier Concentration and Energy Nonequilibria” [J. Electron. Mater., 46, 585 (2017)]

In a recent publication [J. Electron. Mater., 46, 585 (2017)], a number of formulae are presented for the effective conductivity of a bipolar semiconductor sandwiched between two metal contacts. However, the results are shown to be nonphysical, and the explanation is traced to errors appearing in previous literature on the subject.
Chemical exposure monitoring.

Monitoring data are critical factors in an exposure assessment and thus are important elements in quantitative evaluations of hazard and risk. Studies in laboratory animals indicate actual or potential adverse biological activity (toxi- city) of a chemical while monitoring data are used to assess the exposure of selected human and environmental components to the chemical. Data from monitoring activities also are useful in determining the environmental pathways through which pesticide chemical residues move from their application orbit. Further, monitoring studies contribute substantial information about the intermediate and final environmental fate of pesticides and other toxic chemicals.
TAKING THE CORE TEMPERATURE

How hot is the Earth's core? The question can be tackled in various ways. Now we have a new, ab initio , approach, one that involves application of developments in computational physics to devise a 'virtual thermometer'. It produces estimates consistent with those derived by other techniques, and may be broadly applicable in materials science.
Clinical Application of Composite Tissue Allografts

Composite tissue allografts (CTAs) consist of tissues derived from ectoderm and mesoderm and typically contain skin, fat, muscle, nerves, lymph nodes, bone, cartilage, ligaments, and bone marrow. Although “nonvital” to life, these tissues are structurally, functionally, and aes- important to patients who need func- tional restoration of musculoskeletal defects.
Augmenting in-situ with mobile sensing for adaptive monitoring of water distribution networks

Instrumenting water distribution networks with sensors for monitoring is critical to maintain adequate levels of water quality and quantity. Existing efforts to detect and localize adverse events in the network have explored either installing in-situ sensors on junctions or deploying a number of mobile sensors through pipes. These approaches have high costs, low sensing accuracy, lack sufficient coverage or provide intermittent monitoring. In this paper, we combine the benefits of in-situ and mobile sensing with various geosocial factors to develop a cost-effective hybrid monitoring architecture that minimizes the impact of adverse water events on the community. The architecture can adaptively adjust sensing resolutions on-demand within the network, determine required sensing capabilities based on the event, and respond to varying event severities. We propose a two-phase planning and deployment approach that first integrates network structure, event, and community information with simulation based analytics to determine locations to install in-situ sensors and mobile sensor insertion infrastructure. We then incorporate network flow information to determine mobile sensor deployment locations and volume to quickly localize detected events to minimize their impact. We evaluate our approach using multiple real-world water networks for adverse water quality and loss events and compare it to existing approaches. Our results show that our proposed approach can achieve upto 79% reduction in impact with upto 68% greater cost efficiency compared to approaches using traditional coverage heuristics, and upto 30% reduction in impact while being upto 52% more cost efficient compared to approaches that attempt to minimize impact.
ListeningCups: A Case of Data Tactility and Data Stories

In this pictorial, we present the ListeningCups: a set of 3D printed porcelain cups embedded with datasets of everyday ambient sounds. During a one-week pilot project, a ceramic artist and an interaction design researcher collaborated to explore meaning making around everyday data (sound in our case). We developed a workflow to capture data, prepare datasets, transcribe data from decibels to G-code, and create a set of 3D printed porcelain cups which represent this data in a textural and tactile form. We discuss how our work also included aesthetic investigative practices as well as data accidents. We conclude by contributing two concepts-data tactility and data stories-that can serve as starting points for designers, artists, or researchers interested in the intersection of materiality, data, fabrication, and ceramics.
Design of a multi-modality salpingoscope for visualization of the ovary and oviducts

Recent discoveries suggest that ovarian cancer has its origins in the oviducts (Fallopian tubes) and may exist as intraepithelial carcinoma for up to 6 years. One route of access to the oviducts and ovaries is through the wall of the vagina. We have developed an approximately 3.8 mm diameter rigid salpingoscope for surveillance of high-risk women and early detection of ovarian cancer. The salpingoscope contains multiple advanced imaging modalities, as well as a channel for instillation of saline or dyes, and another channel for introduction of biopsy forceps. The single optical channel combines the modalities of multispectral fluorescence and reflectance wide-field imaging, multiphoton microscopy (MPM), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Multiple modalities through a single channel are achieved by a novel lens system with dichroic coatings which create separate optical paths for visible wavelengths (low numerical aperture (NA) imaging) and near-infrared wavelengths (high NA imaging). A quartered piezoelectric tube actuator scans a dual-clad fiber with added mass to facilitate both relatively slow (OCT) and fast (wide field and MPM) scanning. Visible wavelength laser diodes are the source for wide field reflectance and fluorescence imaging, with remitted light collected through 12 high NA multimode fibers. A novel femtosecond laser with near-infrared output provides the source for OCT and MPM, with remitted light collected through the core and inner cladding of the dual-clad fiber, respectively. Detectors include high sensitivity photodiodes for wide field, a linear array with spectrometer for OCT, and photomultiplier tubes to collect two- and three-photon signals for MPM imaging.
Actuality in the making: Ontological non-foundationalism in Petr Zelenka’s The Karamazovs

This article analyzes the relationship between the fictional and the actual in Petr Zelenka’s The Karamazovs (Karamazovi, 2008). I discuss how this relationship is established, proposing a typology...
Civility and Social Responsibility: “Civil Rationality” in the Confirmation Hearings of Justices Roberts and Alito

The literature on civility, especially concerning the United States Senate, reveals a particular notion of argumentation that is impersonal and void of intense emotion, which I label “civil rationa...
Joy in leadership

Where is joy in leadership? Where can one find joy in leadership which seems to be most needed in times of crises, conflicts, challenges, and changes? Are joy and leadership even compatible?
Acute myocarditis during the COVID-19 pandemic: A single center experience

Objective We sought to compare the occurrence and characteristics of patients with acute myocarditis admitted during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic to those admitted prior. Design We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with the primary discharge diagnosis of acute myocarditis from September 1st 2017 through August 31st 2020. Results We identified 67 patients, 45 (67%) admitted pre-pandemic, and 22 (33%) during the pandemic. Rate of admissions for acute myocarditis was 1.5/month [95% CI 1.04-1.95] pre-pandemic, and 3.7/month [95% CI 2.36-4.97] (p < 0.001) during the first 6 months of the pandemic. Of the 22 patients admitted during the pandemic, 10 (45%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were older and had lower peak troponin levels. Conclusions During the pandemic, less than half of the patients admitted with acute myocarditis tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Patients who tested positive were older and had lower peak troponin levels.
In the Wake of Tsunami: Lessons Learned from Household Decision to Replant Mangroves in Thailand

The Indian Ocean tsunami has increased interest in replanting mangroves as natural storm barriers. This paper analyzes the household decision to replant mangroves in four case study villages in Thailand in line with existing studies on the voluntary contribution to step-level public goods and the decision by adult members of a household to devote some labor to an outside activity. The null hypothesis that dependency on mangrove-based income has no influence on participation in replanting is rejected. Awareness of community conservation efforts and of the environmental impacts of shrimp farms also motivates participation. Allocation of male and female labors to replanting is also found to be jointly determined.
Bandwidth-Efficient Precoding in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks with Rician Fading Channels

Global precoding is an effective way to suppress interference in cell-free massive MIMO systems. However, it requires all access points (APs) to upload their local instantaneous channel state information (CSI) to a central processor via capacity-constrained fronthaul links, consuming significant bandwidth resources. Such overhead may become unaffordable in an ultra-dense network (UDN) in future 5G systems, due to the large number of APs and the frequent CSI uploads required to combat the fast-changing state of the high-frequency channels. In order to address this issue, we propose a novel bandwidth-efficient global zero-forcing precoding strategy for downlink transmission in cell-free massive MIMO systems. By exploiting the physical structure of Rician fading channels, we propose a novel model-based CSI compression mechanism, which decomposes a channel matrix into a line-of-sight (LoS) and a non-line-of-sight (NLoS) components, and then compresses them using a model-based method and a singular-value-decomposition (SVD)-based method, respectively. We also present two optimization-based algorithms to obtain the phase information of the LoS component of the channel, which is then used by the proposed channel matrix decomposition. The simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed precoding strategy on reducing the upload overhead and improving the bandwidth efficiency.
“Have You Just Taken a Picture of Me?”: Theoretical and Ethical Implications of the Use of Researcher-Produced Photography in Studying Migrant Minorities

This paper aims at discussing the value of researcher-generated visual methods in studying migration. It focuses on photography as a data collection method, and the problem is presented in the context of researching urban and rural arenas of exercising transnational belonging by migrants and their descendants in new and ancestral homelands. Photography is approached here as a sensorial experience mediating a relationship between the researcher and the participants. The author argues that the relationships occurring around photo-taking in the field are as important as the data collected intentionally. Moreover, the chapter discusses ethical questions prompted by the employment of visual methods, problematizing them in a context of different social, cultural and national settings. With this chapter, the author attempts to answer a question whether researcher-generated visual data can open new angles of analyses of migrants’ life-words and how the employment of visual methods can influence theoretical perspectives within migration studies.
Magnetic Resonance Elastography for the Clinical Risk Assessment of Fibrosis, Cirrhosis, and Portal Hypertension in Patients With NAFLD

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming one of the most common causes of liver disease. The progressive subtype of NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), leads to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality. Fibrosis is the strongest predictor for complications. Due to the invasive nature of liver biopsy, noninvasive testing methods have emerged to detect fibrosis and predict outcomes. Of these modalities, magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) has demonstrated the highest accuracy to detect fibrosis. In this review, we will focus on the emerging data regarding MRE and liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension in NAFLD.
Blending learning analytics and embodied design to model students’ comprehension of measurement using their actions, speech, and gestures

Abstract Although interdisciplinary collaborations are becoming increasingly common, researchers typically use data analysis methods specific to their field in order to uncover how students learn. We present affordances of integrating theories of embodied cognition and design with machine-learning methods to study student learning in mathematics and inform the design of embodied learning activities. By increasing such collaborative research efforts, learning scientists can incorporate regularization in computational models and ultimately draw reliable conclusions to further inform theory and practice through the design of technology-augmented learning activities. To illustrate this point, we explored students’ conceptual understanding of measurement since limited research has identified measurement estimation strategies that should be emphasized in classroom instruction. By uniquely applying machine-learning methods to a small, multimodal dataset from a study on student behavior in mathematics, we identified behavioral profiles, patterns in speech, and specific actions and gestures that are predictive of performance. These findings may be used to inform the design of embodied learning activities for measurement. We discuss the contribution of these findings to the field of embodied design, and the affordances and challenges of conducting collaborative research in the learning sciences.
A Frequency-Domain Spoofing Attack on FMCW Radars and Its Mitigation Technique Based on a Hybrid-Chirp Waveform

This article presents a novel spoofing device capable of injecting false target information into a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. The spoofing device uses a radio frequency (RF) single-sideband (SSB) mixer to introduce a frequency shift to the incoming RF signal transmitted by the victim radar and retransmits the modulated RF signal. The modulated RF signal resembles a false target. Upon down-conversion on the receiver chain of the victim radar, the modulated RF signal creates an illusion of a real target in the radar signal processing system. The frequency shift can be adjusted to vary the range of the spoofed target. The theory of the spoofing mechanism was developed, and a 5.8 GHz prototype was built for experimental validation. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of the proposed spoofing device to inject a false target at any arbitrary range. A hybrid-chirp FMCW approach was proposed and verified as a countermeasure to distinguish a real target from a spoofed target to mitigate the RF-spoofing attack.
Operation Amplifier Special Design and Development

This paper reviews several design techniques and summarizes these techniques for the op-amp circuit design. New design methods are necessary for the development of op-amp in using Memristor-based compensation. In the paper, we discuss Three-Stage CMOS Op-amps., Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators, and three-stage nested miller amplifiers to work efficiently and energy-savingly, which are some good examples for describing the development of amplifiers.
Aberrant Subclavian Arteries and Associated Kommerell Diverticulum: Endovascular Versus Open Repair.

Abstract Background Various surgical options have been described for the treatment of aberrant subclavian arteries and associated Kommerell diverticulum. Methods Between 1999 and 2019, 43 underwent a repair, comprising 26 (61%) endovascular and 17 (39%) open approach. The endovascular approach consisted of upfront subclavian revascularization followed by thoracic endovascular aortic repair. The open approach included total arch replacement (12%) and reverse hemiarch repair with left thoracotomy (53%) or right thoracotomy (35%). The perioperative and long-term outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Results No mortality in the endovascular group, while there was one (6%) in the open group. Patients in the endovascular group demonstrated a shorter hospital stay (3.5 vs. 10.0 days;p=0.001), less frequent prolonged mechanical ventilation (0 vs. 24%;p=0.019) with lower occurrence of pneumonia (0 VS 24%;p=0.019). Among patients with endovascular approach, shrinkage of Kommerell diverticulum and/or aberrant vessel origin was seen in 96%. Furthermore, relief of dysphagia was confirmed in 92% (12 out of 13) including patients without Kommerell diverticulum (n=3) following endovascular repair. The cumulative incidence of treatment failure/aortic reintervention at 7 years was 21 and 14 % in the endovascular and open approach, respectively (p=0.62). Two (8%) in the endovascular group required an open reintervention. One was due to persistent dysphagia in the setting of untreated complete vascular ring and the other was due to persistent false lumen flow associated aortic dissection. Conclusions Treatment approach should be individualized based on the aortic pathology and comorbidities. Endovascular approach is a viable and effective alternative in the presence of suitable landing zones.
Iran's Intellectual Revolution

Since its revolution in 1979, Iran has been viewed as the bastion of radical Islam and a sponsor of terrorism. The focus on its volatile internal politics and its foreign relations has, according to Kamrava, distracted attention from more subtle transformations which have been taking place there in the intervening years. With the death of Ayatollah Khomeini a more relaxed political environment opened up in Iran, which encouraged intellectual and political debate between learned elites and religious reformers. What emerged from these interactions were three competing ideologies which Kamrava categorises as conservative, reformist and secular. As the book aptly demonstrates, these developments, which amount to an intellectual revolution, will have profound and far-reaching consequences for the future of the Islamic republic, its people and very probably for countries beyond its borders. This thought-provoking account of the Iranian intellectual and cultural scene will confound stereotypical views of Iran and its mullahs.
UNDER CONSTRUCTION: DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE PRACTICE What Is Constructivist about the Revised Developmentally Appropriate Practice?

(1998). UNDER CONSTRUCTION: DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE PRACTICE What Is Constructivist about the Revised Developmentally Appropriate Practice? Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education: Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 293-300.
ATP hydrolysis cycles and mechanism in P-glycoprotein and CFTR

P-glycoprotein and CFTR are prominent members of the ABC Transporter family. Both use ATP, the former to drive extrusion of drugs from cells and confer multidrug-resistance, the latter to drive opening and closing of anion channels. We compare current working models of catalytic cycle and mechanism of the two proteins. In Pgp the NBDs appear functionally equivalent, in CFTR they appear functionally distinct. In both proteins, ATP hydrolysis occurs in both NBDs, and it is proposed that the two NBDs alternate in catalysis. Other differences and similarities are noted, fostering ideas for future developments.
Magnetic pulsations as a probe of the interplanetary magnetic field: A test of the Borok B Index

A magnetic pulsation index based on the periods of Pc 2-4 pulsations as recorded in earth current measurements at the Borok Geophysical Observatory has been claimed to be a measure of the interplanetary field. Tests of this index for the period 1972 to June 1974 show only a 27% success rate. However, a simple recalibration of the index improves the success rate to 51%. The success of the index indicates that the source of many terrestrial magnetic pulsations is external to the magnetosphere.
Axisymmetric dynamic snap-through of elastic clamped shallow spherical shells.

The behavior of axisymmetric dynamic snap-through of elastic, clamped shallow spherical shells under a uniform pressure has been investigated by.several authors. In most of the previous work, approximate methods were used, and as yet no positive conclusion has been made on the critical load for snap-through. In this paper, a numerical method is developed for solving the governing nonlinear differential equations of this problem. Two types of loading conditions are included-—an impulsive load and an instantaneous ly applied step load with infinite duration. In the case of impulsive loading, it is found from the quasi-static problem under zero load that the only equilibrium, position of the shell is its undeformed configuration. Hence, if we define the dynamic snap-through based on the finite jump behavior of deflection then there is no possibility for dynamic snap-through under impulsive loading. In the case of step loading, the snap-through loads are evaluated for a wide range of the geometrical parameter of the shell. Comparison of the present calculated critical loads with the previous results from approximate methods is made. It is found that the present critical load checks closely with an experimental value of the critical load for one value of the geometrical parameter of the shell.
The exposure rate constant for a silver wire 125I seed

The physical characteristics of the newer silver wire 125I seed were measured with a scintillation spectrometer to compare them with those of the original gold sphere 125I seed. The exposure rate constant was determined by converting the count rate from a scintillation spectrometer into the photon-fluence rate incident upon the detector, then calculating the exposure rate from the photon-fluence rate. The exposure rate constant measured perpendicular to the long axis of the seed is 1.361 R cm2/mCi h (1.192 cGy cm2/mCi h) +/- 3.7%, a value that compares favorably with the theoretical exposure rate constant of 1.354 R cm2/mCi h (1.186 cGy cm2/mCi h) calculated from the 125I emissions data. A value of 1.309 R cm2/mCi h was previously reported for the gold sphere 125I seed using the same technique. The angular intensity distribution and anisotropy factor of the silver wire 125I seed are shown to be very similar to those of the gold sphere 125I seed, leading to the conclusion that the clinical application of the two types of 125I seeds need not change.
Analysis of autoionizing Rydberg states in the vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectrum of HCl and DCl

Abstract The photographic absorption spectrum of HBr and DBr above the first ionization limit (800–1000 A) has been analyzed. No analyzable rotational structure was observed, indicating that the autoionization rate is faster than the rotational period. Two Rydberg series converging to the second ionization limit (2Σ+) have been identified, one with n ∗ = 2.75, 3.74, ⋯,14.7 , and the other with n ∗ = 2.35, 3.38 . The symmetries cannot be determined conclusively, but the most probable assignment for the first series is 4pσ 4pπ 4 nsσ ( 1 Σ + ) n = 6, 7, ⋯, 18 , and for the second, 4pσ 4pπ·npσ and/or npπ[ 1 Σ + , 1 Π ] n = 5, 6 . Assuming that the intensity maxima assigned are band origins of vibronic states, a new ionization limit can be determined for HBr + ( 2 Σ + ): T 0 = 123 373 ± 20 cm −1 .
Malignant solid tumors in neonates: A 40-year review

Abstract To evaluate the outcome of neonatal malignant solid tumors, we reviewed the records of 222 infants under the age of 1 year with malignant disease who were treated at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center over a 40-year period. Forty-five cases of neonatal (
Use of transmission line analysis for multi-tuning of birdcage resonators.

Abstract A general analysis for double-and higher order tuning of birdcage resonators is presented based on a lumped element transmission line model. Expressions were developed for the determination of the resonant frequencies of bandstop and bandpass birdcage coils and, with specified restrictions, for capacitor values required to obtain any two desired mode one resonant frequencies. Experimental measurements on three variants each of an eight-column bandstop and an eight-column bandpass were in excellent agreement with theory; the average absolute frequency difference and percent deviation were 1.51 ± 1.57 MHz and 2.61 ± 2.36%, respectively. In addition, 31P and 1H phantom images were obtained at 2.0 T using a representative bandstop coil.
A Dynamic Model of Investment and Capacity Utilization

This paper develops a dynamic optimizing model of a firm with quasi-fixed factors subject to adjustment costs. The utilization rates of the quasi-fixed factors are chosen optimally by the firm, and the rates of investment in the quasi-fixed factors are based on the shadow prices of these factors, in the spirit of Tobin's q theory of investment. Capital investment is shown to be negatively related to capital utilization along the path to the steady state; however, in response to unanticipated demand shocks, capital utilization and investment are positively related.
EC Coupling for Muscle Aficionados: Abnormal Contraction and Disrupted Excitability in Some Enzymatically Dissociated Skeletal Muscle Fibers

Enzymatically dissociated skeletal muscle fibers are routinely used in studies of the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) process. Here we show that skeletal muscle fibers enzymatically dissociated and cultured for 1-2 days are in general useful for experimentation; however a subset of fibers, despite their normal appearance, exhibit abnormal contractility and calcium transient alterations. We monitored the contractile response of fibers to electric field stimulation using transmitted light microscopy, and the spatial distribution of the calcium transients using Rhod-2, a non-ratiometric calcium indicator, and ultra-fast confocal microscopy. A variable fraction of fibers expressed abnormal ECC properties; they were unable to contract homogenously in response to electrical stimuli, and most notably exhibited alternating local contractions at fiber ends in response to stimuli of alternating polarity. These alternating (ALT) response fibers exhibit minor gross morphological differences from normal (WT) fibers, which contract uniformly and respond to both polarity electrical pulses. In some ALT fibers, di-8-anepps staining shows a partial disruption of the T-tubule network at the center of the fibers. This might indicate that T-tubule network disruption accompanies changes in excitability observed in ALT fibers. We hypothesize that changes in the function and/or expression of voltage gated channels, responsible for action potential generation, or voltage gated calcium channels, essential for ECC, could explain our results. Regardless of the mechanism(s) responsible for lack of excitability, we encourage the careful monitoring of the contractile response of the fiber (and if available, the evaluation of the calcium transients) to determine that normal behavior of skeletal muscle fibers be implemented when choosing fibers for physiological experiments, and recommend avoiding the use of muscle fibers that display only local contractile activity to alternating polarity. Supported by NIH-NIAMS award R37-AR055099.
Amazon for Technical Services Librarians: Making Order of the Jungle

Academic libraries face growing pressure to provide minimal cataloging, while corporate bibliographic databases provide increasingly extensive bibliographic information. Amazon imports metadata from publishers, users, and authors, creating a virtual community space surrounding every record. An examination of Amazon's discovery layer interface and search structure reveals that their data is not organized or indexed in a way that is conducive to research, but is designed to improve sales. Catalogers' understanding of search mechanisms, organization, and data quality, when paired with Amazon's use of shared and enhanced metadata, could make a powerful next-generation library catalog without compromising libraries' core mission of service.
Muon capture rates in complex nuclei

Abstract Total disappearance rates of negative muons brought to rest in 30 elements have been measured to 1–2 % precision. The experimental procedure and the results obtained are presented. In addition, a compilation of all measurements of muon capture rates in complex nuclei as presently known is given, and several analytical fits to these rates are discussed.
Sub-100 fs Pulses from a 200 MHz Repetition Rate Passively-Modelocked Yb-Fiber Oscillator

A passively-modelocked Yb-fiber laser generating sub-100 fs at a fundamental repetition rate of 200 MHz is reported, the highest to date. Practical and fundamental limitations to higher repetition rate fiber lasers are discussed.
SENSORY INTEGRATION AND SINGLE-MODALITY SCANNING

An auditory scanning, visual scanning, and auditory-visual integration test was administered to 72 children from grades 1, 2, 3, and 5 to determine whether increases in sensory integration skills could be accounted for by increases in skills of single modalities. Using a multiple regression model, the results indicated that increases in integrative functioning occur independently of developmental changes in individual modalities. Implications for future research are presented.
Multi-step dip-spin coating manufacturing system for silicone cardiovascular membrane fabrication with prescribed compliance

A multi-step dip-spin coating procedure by which synthetic vessels of virtually the entire cardiovascular system can be constructed from medical imaging data was developed to consistently and accurately fabricate silicone membranes with prescribed compliance for in vitro hemodynamic experimentation and medical device development. Experimental results showed that the three factors tested (silicone mixture viscosity, mold diameter, and number of dips in solution) each had a statistically significant effect on the resulting wall thickness of the fabricated silicone membranes. A setup was designed and constructed to test the compliance of the silicone membranes, and a prediction model showed that the most important factors for compliance were the mean pressure used to pressurize the membranes, the membrane wall thickness, and the difference in membrane diameter between the two test pressures. The manufacturing process was repeatable with a process standard deviation of 0.002753 cm for an average wall thickness of 0.063576 cm (4.33%).
Comments on “Re-Examination of the Fakability of the Gordon Personal Inventory and Profile: A Reply to Schwab”

Summary.-This comment shows that Braun and Farrell's (1974) reply to Schwab (1970) was deficient because it inappropriately generalized from an independent samples design to a repeated-measures design. It further corrects several erroneous ~oterpretations made by Braun and Farrell of the Schwab study. Finally, it suggests some new directions for test-faking research. It is well known (Campbell & Stanley, 1963) that repeated-measures designs are subject to potential order effects. Counterbalancing order of ueatments or utilization of control groups are routine procedures for counreracting this effect. A review by Schwab (1970) showed that Braun had conducted 10 repeatedmeasures studies on the ability to fake various personality inventories, including the Gordon Personal Inventory and Profile, which failed ro employ these elementary safeguards. Specifically, Braun consistently measured fakability by examining difference scores obtained when student Ss were instructed to answer the inventory items honestly on a first administration, followed by insuuctions to fake on a second administration. Since there is substantial evidence showing that Ss tend to increase their scores after repeated administrations of personality inventories (Windle, 1954), Schwab (1970) hypothesized that the procedure employed by Braun would tend to overstate the fakability of any inventory so tested. To test his hypothesis Schwab administered the Gordon inventory and the profile to student Ss, counterbalancing instructions to fake and to take the inventories honestly. A significant faking effect was found on 6 of the 8 scales tested in the honesr-fake condition but on only 3 of the 8 scales tested in the fake-honest condition. The observed faking effect was greater in the former condirion (Braun's) than in the latter condition on all 8 scales. While the magnitude of the differences between the two treatment conditions was not significant for any scale, the fact that all 8 differences were larger in the honest-fake treatment is significantly greater (sign
Synthesis and biological activity of 3β-hydroxy-9,10-secopregna-5,7,10[19]-triene-20-one: A side chain analogue of vitamin D3

Abstract The synthesis, biological and antagonistic activity of 3β-hydroxy-9,10-secopregna-5,7,10[19]-triene-20-one (20-oxopregnacalciferol, 7), a shortened side chain analogue of vitamin D3, are described. At the highest dose tested the analogue was found to have small though significant bone and soft tissue mobilization activity; no significant increase in intestinal calcium transport was noted. The compound was found to possess no antagonistic activity against vitamin D3.
Cardioprotective Actions of Verapamil on theβ-Adrenergic Receptor Complex in Acute Canine Chagas' Disease

Abstract The effect of verapamil treatment on the myocardial β -adrenergic adenylyl cyclase complex in acute canine Chagas' disease was investigated. Relative to uninfected animals, 30 days of infection with T. cruzi reduced myocardial adenylyl cyclase activity by over 75%. With continuous verapamil treatment, the infection-associated reduction in adenylyl cyclase activity was less than 50%. The individual components of the β -adrenergic receptor complex were characterized. Infection: (1) increased right ventricular (RV) β -adrenergic receptor ( β AR) density five-fold; (2) decreased left ventricle β AR density by 20%; (3) reduced the proportion of high-affinity β AR receptors to the same extent in both left and right ventricles; (4) reduced α s by 50% as determined by Western blot analysis, increased α i1–3 but did not change α o ; and (5) decreased the magnitude of pertussis-toxin-dependent [ 32 P]ADP ribosylation by 60% as well as the proportion of [ 32 P]ADP-ribose incorporated in α o . Verapamil treatment of infected animals restored RV β AR receptor density, α s and α i1–3 to control levels but had no influence on any aspect of pertussis-toxin-dependent [ 32 P]ADP-ribosylation. Verapamil treatment of uninfected animals also: (1) increased β -adrenergic adenylyl cyclase activity; (2) increased β AR density in the RV but not the LV; (3) reduced high- to low-affinity β -adrenergic receptors; and (4) affected only α i2 (50% decrease). The results indicate that the major actions of verapamil on the β -adrenergic adenylyl cyclase complex in acute canine Chagas» disease may help to account for its cardioprotective effects.