cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the binding processes of black tea thearubigin to the bovine serum albumin surface using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.

The binding processes of thearubigin, which is one of the two major polyphenols (the other one is theaflavin) that gives black tea its characteristic color and taste, to the bovine serum albumin (BSA) surface have been investigated by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). The mass and thickness of the thearubigin adlayer on BSA surfaces at various thearubigin concentrations, salt concentrations, and pH values have been determined by QCM-D using the Voigt model. Our results show that the adsorption isotherm of thearubigin on the BSA surface can be better described by the Langmuir model than the Freundlich model, suggesting that the thearubigin adsorption on the BSA surface is dominated by specific interactions, such as electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding, as evidenced by the stronger thearubigin adsorption at pH below the isoelectric point (pI) of BSA and shifts in the positions of both amide bands in the FTIR spectra of the BSA surface with and without thearubigin ads...
Dramatistic invention: The pentad as a heuristic procedure

(1979). Dramatistic invention: The pentad as a heuristic procedure. Rhetoric Society Quarterly: Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 130-136.
Journaling in an adult ESL literacy program

This chapter focuses on journal writing in adult ESL as a practice to promote literacy development and community building.
An Atomistic Simulation Study of the Role of Asperities and Indentations on Heterogeneous Bubble Nucleation

Heterogeneous bubble nucleation was studied on surfaces having nanometer scale asperities and indentations as well as different surface-fluid interaction energies. Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations at constant normal stress and either temperature or heat flux were carried out for the Lennard-Jones fluid in contact with a Lennard-Jones solid. When surface defects were of the same size or smaller than the estimated critical nucleus (the smallest nucleus whose growth is energetically favored) size of 1000-2000 A 3 , there was no difference between the defected surfaces and atomically smooth surfaces. On the other hand, surfaces with significantly larger indentations had nucleation rates that were about two orders of magnitude higher than the systems with small defects. Moreover, nucleation was localized in the large indentations. This localization was greatest under constant heat flux conditions and when the solid-fluid interactions were weak. The results suggest strategies for enhancing heterogeneous bubble nucleation rates as well as for controlling the location of nucleation events.
Grand Princess Olga of Rus' Shows the Bird: Her 'Christian Falcon' Emblem

This study attempts to interpret the symbols (a falcon “crowned” with a cross, a key, and a Riurikid bident) found on a newly discovered tenth-century trapezoidal pendant from Pskov. Aside from a handful of imitation dirham coins that carry identical images of the falcon, no other parallels of these symbols or their combination have yet been discovered. Based on various sources, it is argued that the pendant was jointly issued to a Rus’ administrator-revenue collector by Grand Princess Olga and her son Sviatoslav at the time of his minority but not prior to Olga’s administrative reforms in the late 940s, i.e., ca. 950. While the bident was Sviatoslav’s dynastic emblem (reserved for reigning male Riurikids), Olga’s authority over the realm and her minor son was represented by way of a key (latchlifter) and a falcon. The key carried legal and possibly religious symbolism of right over the domain, while the falcon represented religious as well as royal authority. But, both emblems can be connected with the goddess Freyja - the chief female divinity in the Nordic pantheon - and Olga adopted them as her symbols in ca. 950. Based on her choice of these symbols and other circumstantial evidence, it is contended that Olga was a devotee of the goddess and practiced her cult prior to her conversion to Christianity (i.e., she was a vlva). Indeed, it is possible that Olga was the supreme priestess of Freyja, or her close equivalent Slavic goddess Mokosh, for the Rus’ state prior to her stepping down from the position as regent and her official conversion to Christianity.
Modulation of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, and glutathione levels in manganese superoxide dismutase-overexpressing NIH/3T3 fibroblasts during the cell cycle

NIH/3T3 mouse embryo fibroblasts were transfected with the cDNA for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Previous studies showed characteristic unique AE profiles in nonsynchronous populations of parental, control plasmid-transfected, and MnSOD-overexpressing NIH/3T3 cell lines. However, the present study showed that during S and M phases of the cell cycle, antioxidant enzyme (AE) levels were altered in MnSOD-overexpressing cell lines towards levels in S and M phases of parental and control plasmid-transfected cells. Because of the demonstration that MnSOD overexpression inhibits cell growth in both nonmalignant and malignant cells, the present study was designed to measure AEs, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutathione levels in various phases of the cell cycle in both parental NIH/3T3 cells and NIH/3T3 cells overexpressing MnSOD, to try to determine whether AEs, ROS, and glutathione levels could have a possible regulatory role in cell cycle progression. In all cell lines studied, ROS levels were lower in M than S phase of the cell cycle. Total glutathione and glutathione disulfide levels were greatly increased during the M phase of the cell cycle compared with quiescence and S phase in all cell lines studied. This suggests that oxidative stress exists in M phase of the cell cycle with total glutathione levels increased to decrease oxidative stress. Analysis of MnSOD-overexpressing cell clones showed a correlation of decreased cell growth with an increase in ROS in S phase of the cell cycle and a decrease in glutathione in mitosis. The data strongly suggest that specific levels of cell redox state are necessary for cells to successfully progress through the various phases of the cell cycle.
Elements of a new comparativism1

While the field of religious studies is witnessing considerable creative work in socio-historical, cognitive, and hermeneutical analysis, it is less clear, with a few notable exceptions (Smith 1978, 1982, 1987, 1990, Poole 1986), how comparativist models have been advanced Indeed, comparativism has been widely perceived to be part of the problem rather than part of the solution But if it is the comparative, cross-cultural nature of religious subject matter which constitutes and justifies religious studies as a secular field of knowledge, this is unfortunate and ironic I see the issue of comparativism as follows How, after Eliade, and af ter the critique of the contextless character of classical comparativism, is it possible to recast the viability of cross-cultural analysis? Is there a con cept of comparative perspective which can link cross-cultural knowledge with contextualist concerns, and which can reconcile morphological and anthropo logical forms of analysis? By what premises can we understand how generic and culture-specific aspects of religious data illuminate each other? In briefly outlining some elements of a reconstructed vocabulary of comparativism, I hope to solicit responses that will engage, test, or refine its rationale Comparativism has been an evolving and varied discourse, traditionally laden with religious or anti-religious purpose In multiple phases it has fo cused on (a) reconstruction and evaluation of the so-called beliefs and histo ries of other, i e , non-Christian, religions, (b) the creation of morphological inventories of classes of religious phenomena, usually given some hierar chical significance, and (c) the reconstruction of transhistorical patterns of religious meanings Conceptually dominant has been phenomenological dis
In vivo continuous directed evolution.

The development and application of methods for the laboratory evolution of biomolecules has rapidly progressed over the last few decades. Advancements in continuous microbe culturing and selection design have facilitated the development of new technologies that enable the continuous directed evolution of proteins and nucleic acids. These technologies have the potential to support the extremely rapid evolution of biomolecules with tailor-made functional properties. Continuous evolution methods must support all of the key steps of laboratory evolution — translation of genes into gene products, selection or screening, replication of genes encoding the most fit gene products, and mutation of surviving genes — in a self-sustaining manner that requires little or no researcher intervention. Continuous laboratory evolution has been historically used to study problems including antibiotic resistance, organismal adaptation, phylogenetic reconstruction, and host–pathogen interactions, with more recent applications focusing on the rapid generation of proteins and nucleic acids with useful, tailor-made properties. The advent of increasingly general methods for continuous directed evolution should enable researchers to address increasingly complex questions and to access biomolecules with more novel or even unprecedented properties.
Evaluation of Aerial Cluster Sampling of Double‐Crested Cormorants on Aquaculture Ponds in Mississippi

Concern over increasing numbers of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and their impacts on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture has resulted in increased need for quantitative information to develop and evaluate depredation management efforts. We evaluated aerial surveys in a stratified cluster sampling (SCS) design to estimate and monitor abundance of cormorants on catfish aquaculture ponds in the Yazoo River Basin of Mississippi, USA (hereafter Yazoo Basin). Twice monthly abundance estimates and coefficient of variation during winter averaged 8,128 (n = 29, SE = 1,233) and 33% (n = 29, SE = 0.02), respectively. Counts of cormorants on catfish aquaculture ponds between survey years were correlated (r = 0.87, n = 28). The correlation between diurnal counts of cormorants on ponds and cormorant night roost counts was 0.64 in 2000–2001 and 0.58 in 2003–2004 (n = 20 in both years). A priori estimates of sample size indicated an average increase in sampling effort of 39% during peak periods of cormorant use would be necessary to detect a ±15% change in cormorant abundance on aquaculture ponds at α = 0.05 and β = 0.80. The sampling design we used has the potential to be an effective tool for providing quantitative information on cormorant abundance on catfish aquaculture ponds in the Yazoo Basin. However, increased sampling effort would be necessary to obtain desired levels of precision. The SCS design we evaluated represents only one of many possible survey methods, and we recommend additional evaluation of this method and related survey methods.
Minimally invasive partial nephrectomy in the age of the 'trifecta'.

In a recent meta-analysis reported in BJUI, Zhang et al. [1] looked at the peri-operative outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) vs those of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). Their study represents the third metaanalysis carried out over the last year [1–3], which is testament to the growing interest on this topic that is driven by the rapid spread of robot-assisted kidney surgery.
Ultraviolet complete Lorentz-invariant theory with superluminal signal propagation

We describe a UV complete asymptotically fragile Lorentz-invariant theory exhibiting superluminal signal propagation. Its low energy eective action contains \wrong" sign higher dimensional operators. Nevertheless, the theory gives rise to an S-matrix, which is dened at all energies. As expected for a non-local theory, the correspond
The role of soluble Fe(III) in the cycling of iron and sulfur in coastal marine sediments

In marine sediments, Fe(III) is found predominantly as a solid. Recently, however, soluble species of Fe3+ complexed by natural organic ligands have been detected in coastal marine sediments with voltammetric microelectrodes. The role of soluble Fe3+ complexes in diagenesis is unknown. In anoxic conditions, soluble Fe3+ can effectively oxidize FeS2 and recycle iron and sulfur for use as terminal electron acceptors during natural organic matter (NOM) degradation. Alternatively, soluble Fe3+ complexes can catalyze the formation of FeS and FeS2 through the rapid chemical reduction of Fe3+ by dissolved sulfide. To better understand the role of soluble Fe3+ in the transformation of iron and sulfur in marine sediments, we incubated the first few centimeters of unvegetated salt marsh sediment in plug-flow reactors. Microbial iron reduction seemed to prevail in suboxic conditions, but sulfate reduction outcompeted microbial iron reduction in the presence of reactive organic metabolites. The dominance of sulfate reduction led to the complete removal of reactive iron oxides by precipitation of FeS. Experiments mimicking the enrichment of soluble Fe3+ complexes in reduced sediments show that soluble Fe3+ does not reoxidize FeS and pyrite; rather, it promotes pyrite precipitation by enhancing sulfate reduction via complex bacterial interactions. The rate of pyrite formation in the presence of soluble Fe3+ is much higher than previously reported in the literature, suggesting that soluble Fe3+ might promote alternative pathways for microbial degradation of NOM that ultimately results in the immobilization of Fe and S as reduced iron sulfide minerals.
Harnessing Interference with an Out-of-Band Relay: An Approximate Capacity Result

This work studies the Gaussian interference channel (IC) with an out-of-band relay (OBR) from an information-theoretical perspective. The relay works in bands orthogonal to the IC. The focus is on a symmetric channel model, in order to understand the fundamental impact of the OBR on the signal interaction of the IC, in the simplest possible setting. We classify the interference links as extremely strong, very strong, strong, moderate, weak, and very weak. For strong and moderate interference, separate encoding is close to optimal. For very strong and extremely strong interference, the interference links provide side information to the destinations, which can help the transmission through the OBRC. In particular, when interference is extremely strong, the channel acts as if there are two disjoint OBRC helping each source-destination pair. For moderate or weak interference, we use the Han-Kobayashi scheme for the IC, where we split the messages into common and private messages. We find that it is beneficial to further split the common message into two parts, and the OBRC plays an important role in decoding the common messages. It is shown that our strategy achieves the symmetric capacity to within 1.14625 bits per channel use for all channel parameters.
Infection markers and early signs of neonatal encephalopathy in the term infant.

Recent evidence points to an association between intrauterine infection and cerebral palsy (CP) in the preterm as well as the term infant. The mechanisms that link these two conditions are unclear. Chorioamnionitis is a common clinical problem complicating 5-10% of pregnancies, whereas the incidence of CP attributed to intrapartum asphyxia is rare. Chorioamnionitis may result in brain injury as a result of interruption of placental blood flow (asphyxia), or via fever and/ or the cytokine release associated with infection. This review will attempt to establish the link between perinatal infection and brain damage in term infants. The characteristics of the perinatal inflammatory response, the potential mechanisms of brain injury associated with infection, and the clinical characteristics of neonatal encephalopathy will be discussed.
Cardiovascular effects of dopamine hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride in healthy isoflurane-anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

OBJECTIVE To determine the cardiopulmonary effects of progressively increasing infusion rates of dopamine hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride in healthy adult New Zealand White rabbits anesthetized with isoflurane. ANIMALS 6 New Zealand White rabbits. (Oryctolagus cuniculus). PROCEDURES Each rabbit was anesthetized on 2 occasions (≥ 2 weeks apart) with isoflurane in oxygen at 1.5 times the published isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration of 2.07%. Carotid artery and pulmonary artery catheters were placed. During each anesthetic episode, each rabbit received 5 progressively increasing doses of either dopamine (5, 10, 15, 20, or 30 μg/kg/min) or phenylephrine (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 μg/kg/min). Blood gas and cardiopulmonary measurements were obtained after a 20-minute equilibration period prior to administration of the first drug dose (baseline) and after each subsequent dose administration. RESULTS Dopamine increased stroke index at the highest infusion rate of 30 μg/kg/min; however, cardiac output and mean arterial blood pressure remained unchanged from baseline values. Administration of phenylephrine at a rate of 2 μg/kg/min increased mean arterial blood pressure to 62 mm Hg from the baseline value of 45 mm Hg. This was a result of an increase in systemic vascular resistance with a concomitant decrease in heart rate and no change in cardiac output. Blood lactate concentration increased with time when rabbits received either treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Within the dose range of 5 to 30 μg/kg/min, dopamine was not an effective treatment for isoflurane-induced hypotension in rabbits and phenylephrine was only minimally effective at a dose of 2 μg/kg/min.
Business Manuscripts: A Pressing Problem

Relations between large corporations and economic historians form a problem that has already been aired in the JOURNAL and no doubt will reappear. Believing that the preservation and accessibility of business records is a pressing and practical aspect of the problem, I have asked Arthur H. Cole to outline in broad terms developments during recent decades in the handling of business manuscripts and have asked Thomas C. Cochran to summarize the methods used and the results attained in the newest organized effort.
Long-Term Results with Aorta-to-Coronary Artery Bypass Vein Grafts

Abstract From our experience with more than 500 patients treated with aorta-to-coronary artery bypass vein grafts, follow-up of the first 350 patients for a period of from 6 to 43 months is analyzed. The group had 82% good results, 4% failures, 10% operative deaths, 3% late deaths, and 1% late deaths not related to the graft. Preoperative and operative factors are correlated with early and late results. The number of late deaths has not increased with the passage of time, although a distinct, moderate degradation in the quality of results in the living patients is seen. The presence of prior infarction, significant functional myocardial impairment, or extensive involvement of the coronary arterial tree tends to diminish the quality of results in survivors and to be associated with both degradation of the quality of results with the passage of time and the occurrence of late deaths.
School absenteeism, health status, and health care utilization among children with asthma: associations with parental chronic disease.

OBJECTIVE. Parents with chronic disease may be more likely than healthy parents to perceive their children with chronic conditions as medically vulnerable. Our objective for this study was to determine if children with asthma whose parents have chronic disease differ in health care utilization, school absenteeism, and reported child health status compared with those whose parents do not have chronic disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS. We selected children with asthma, 5 to 17 years of age, and their parents from the 2003 National Health Interview Survey. We determined whether parents had chronic disease and examined associations of parental chronic disease with child health status, school absenteeism, and health care utilization. We controlled for factors known to influence our dependent variables, including an indicator of child disease severity, in multivariable regression. RESULTS. Among 561 parent-child dyads, children with asthma whose parents had chronic disease were more likely to have less than very good health and missed an average of 1.3 more school days annually than other children with asthma. Among children with less severe asthma, those whose parents had chronic disease had lower reported health status but did not miss more school (mean difference: 0.39) than children whose parents did not have chronic disease. Having a parent with chronic disease was not associated with increased health care utilization. CONCLUSIONS. Compared with other children with asthma, children whose parents have chronic disease have worse health status and miss more school, particularly among children with more severe asthma. Understanding how parents’ health influences children9s health care and health status may help providers work with parents to more effectively and efficiently manage their children9s asthma care so they can more fully participate in school and other activities.
Measurements of laser light attenuation following cryogen spray cooling spurt termination

Background and Objectives: Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to minimize the risk of epidermal damage during laser dermatological surgery. However, while CSC can protect the epidermis from non-specific thermal damage, the cryogen film on the skin surface may pose a potential problem of laser light attenuation due to optical scattering.
Society, State and Nationality in the Recent Historiography of Ethiopia

Events since 1974 have challenged fundamental assumptions about Ethiopian history, calling in question the country's borders and internal coherence, the nature of its social order, the centrality of its monarchy and Zionist ideology to the maintenance of the polity, and the viability of the peasant way of life. In so doing they challenge a young, but vigorous, historiography, one founded in the 1960s with the creation of a History Department at what is now Addis Ababa University and of an international coterie of scholars. Its early stages were marked by archivally-based studies of Ethiopia‘s international emergence in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and of trade and politics. Its later stages were marked by a steady growth in the number of contributors and in the emergence of major new themes many of which depend on the use of indigenous sources, both oral and written. Class and class relations; economy, state, and society; the Kushitic- and Omotic-speaking peoples; the use of social anthropology—such are the concerns of contemporary historians of Ethiopia. These concerns inform new work on agrarian issues and on the roots of famine, on urbanization, on the nature of the twentieth-century state, on the revolution itself and on the roots of resistance and social unrest, and on ethnicity. Meanwhile, more traditional work continues to glean insights from the manuscript tradition and to bring to light major new texts both Ethiopian and foreign. The article surveys this material and concludes by noting the persistence of certain limitations—the lack of work on women or on pastoralism, the scarcity of it on Islam, the heavy emphasis on that part of the country lying west of the Rift Valley, and the absence of an integrating synthesis—and the prospective integration of work on Ethiopia into the mainstream of African historiography.
The balance of intergenerational family transfers: a life-cycle perspective

The aim of this study is to determine the likelihood and net amount of parent–child transfers over the adult life cycle across European welfare regimes. The study introduces an economic life-cycle model of family transfers to describe the evolution of family exchanges across generations over time, which reveals a nonlinear relationship of age and net family transfers. Furthermore, it refines the method of estimating parent–child net transfers. Data come from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe, and include 36,095 parent–child dyads from 11 European countries representing social democratic, conservative, and traditional welfare-state regimes. The findings reveal net value of family intergenerational support follows a nonlinear pattern across the adult life cycle, with positive transfers from parents to adult children decreasing modestly until advanced old age when the decrease intensifies. Net family support benefits individuals and generations with larger relative need. The transition in the net family support pattern starts later and is less pronounced across social democratic welfare-regime countries while the opposite is true in traditional welfare-regime countries. These findings might be interpreted as being linked to differences in the public policies guaranteeing different levels of provision for dependent populations across different welfare regimes. They are consistent with a comparatively smaller role of family support in the intergenerational redistribution of resources in societies with larger public intergenerational support to dependent populations.
New results on second-order statistics-based blind identification and equalization of SIMO channels

Blind channel estimation and blind equalization of SIMO (single-input multiple-output) communications channels is considered using only the second-order statistics of the data. Estimation of (partial) channel impulse response and design of finite-length MMSE (minimum mean-square error) blind equalizers is investigated. The basis of the approach is the design of multiple zero-forcing equalizers that whiten the noise-free data at multiple delays. In the past such an approach has been considered using just one zero-forcing equalizer at zero-delay. Infinite impulse response (IIR) channels are allowed. The proposed approach also works when the "subchannel" transfer functions have common zeros so long as the common zeros are minimum-phase zeros. The channel length of model orders need not be known. An illustrative simulation example is provided.
SEASONAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN AND THE ATMOSPHERE DURING THE 1960's

Abstract An attempt is made to explain the large-scale seasonal ocean-atmosphere interactions that occurred from 1961 through the winter of 1967–68 and that led to a special “climatic regime” over the North Pacific and North America. This regime was characterized by anomalously warm water over the central ocean, which helped generate atmospheric circulations of a kind favoring the persistence of the warm water, especially in the nonsummer seasons. The prevailing atmospheric circulation generated by the warm water during winter consisted of strong and southward-displaced cyclogenesis that produced a standing (Rossby) long wave downstream, resulting in climatic cooling over the eastern two-thirds of the United States. A theory is advanced for the evolution of atmospheric pressure and sea-surface temperature patterns in other seasons based on theoretical and empirical considerations. The inception of the regime came abruptly in the late summer and fall of 1961, following several years when the eastern North ...
Mammary Glands, Stem Cells and Breast Cancer

The mammary gland is unique in that most of its development occurs after birth with dramatic changes in proliferation and differentiation taking place during puberty and pregnancy. Different subsets of mammary-specific stem/progenitor cells have been shown to drive the individual stages of mammary gland development, and their regulation requires coordination between localized signals and systemic hormones. That sophisticated integration and control is achieved through the function of the stem cell niche. The goal of this chapter is to review why somatic stem cells are thought to exist in the mouse mammary gland, how they are being isolated and assayed, how their fate is influenced by the surrounding microenvironment, and how aberrant regulation of this process might contribute to breast cancer. If the components of the niche could be defined, each might then be targeted as a method to modify the fate of stem or progenitor cells during normal organ regeneration or repaired after tumorigenesis has been initiated.
Computer graphics taught by building a rendering engine: poster session

We have created a curriculum for a computer graphics course that teaches computer graphics through the implementation of a ray-tracing rendering engine. Students begin the semester by building a 2D ray-tracer and then shifting it into 3D. By the end of the semester they have implemented a rendering engine capable of handling 3D objects with point and ambient light sources. The premise of this course is that students gain a greater understanding of the concepts behind computer graphics by implementing them than by simply using them in a commonly available graphics language such as OpenGL. In this course students must apply the information taught about how ray-tracing works in order to create each week's assignment. Each assignment builds on the previous assignments and leads to the creation of the total rendering environment. Students build the engine in C++ and use it to implement an object-oriented design. The overall structure of the engine is defined by library header files given with each assignment. Specifying the basic structure of the code makes it possible to build a test suite of images that can be used to test each student's engine. Building the renderer also helps students to see how different components of a ray-tracer interact and to better understand graphics. Students are required to work in pairs for this course. The reason for this is twofold: first, the assignments are too large for a single individual to handle easily; second, it is good practice for them to learn to work with another person while coding. The curriculum has been used once so far and the results are positive. One-third of the student completed all assignments for the course successfully and two-thirds made significant progress on the material. All students gained a good working knowledge of ray-tracing. One of the real successes of this course was how much better students programmed after the semester was completed. In classes taught since the semester of this course, all of the students from this course have shown and expressed greater confidence in their programming and ability to handle large assignments. The course greatly improved their ability to debug code. Students found this course to be difficult but did not get discouraged. Anyone interested in teaching this course or one similar can find the material pertaining to it at http://helios.hampshire.edu/~pedcs/classes/cs209Spring09/index.html.
Identifying the Warrant of an Argument

Hitchcock has presented a way to extract the warrant from an argument. We summarize his procedure and note that applying it in specific cases may be problematic. We then extend his procedure by indicating how symbolization in a formal language addresses the problems. We indicate the richness required of such a language and then present an expanded procedure for identifying the warrant of an argument.
Situs Inversus Totalis: From Anatomical Variation to Clinical Studies

Cadaveric health histories in health science are important for education and research. Two cadavers with situs inversus totalis were donated to the LSU Health Sciences Center for educational purpos...
Calculation of magnetic susceptibilities of diatomic molecules: II. Application to HF molecule

Synopsis The magnetic susceptibility of the hydrogen fluoride molecule has been calculated by means of a method that was proposed in the first paper of this series. The result is χ = −8.491 × 10−8 (c.g.s. units), which agrees satisfactorily with the experimental values. The anisotropy in the susceptibility has also been calculated, the experimental value of this quantity is not available.
Zoospore ultrastructure of Gonapodya polymorpha

Zoospore ultrastructure is known for Mon- oblepharis, Monoblepharella, Oedogoniomyces, and Har- pochytrium, four of the five genera of the Monoble- pharidales. Ultrastructure of zoospores of Gonapodya polymorpha, a representative of the fifth genus, was investigated. The zoospore ultrastructure of G. poly- morpha strongly resembles the zoospore ultrastruc- ture of the other four genera, confirming that Gon- apodya is correctly placed in the Monoblepharidales. The most important feature uniting the five genera is the structure of the flagellar apparatus. The tran- sition zone plug found in the flagella of the other four genera is not present in Gonapodya. Paraxone- mal structures in the flagellum of Gonapodya, the first reported in the Chytridiomycetes, are unlike the paraxonemal structures found in a variety of protists. Monoblepharella is removed from the Gonapodyaceae and placed in the Monoblepharidaceae because it more closely resembles Monoblepharis, both morpho- logically and ultrastructurally, than it does Gonapod-
WATER WAVE EQUIVALENT OF MACH-REFLECTION

Periodic (shallow water and transitional water) and solitary water gravity waves do not reflect from a wall in the manner commonly supposed, when the angle between the direction of wave advance and the wall is less than about 5? to 45 degrees. The wave front bends near the wall, becoming normal to the wall, with a small reflected wave. For angles less than about 20 degrees the reflected wave becomes almost negligible. The portion of the wave near the wall (called the Mach-stem in air blast waves) increases in height as the wave continues to move along the wall. Once the Mach-stem is formed, it will continue to grow even when the wall is bent around through almost 90 degrees; for periodic waves a Machreflected wave also develops. The Mach-stem is insensitive to undulation, of the wall. Results of studies of this phenomenon in the laboratory are presented, together with some observation of its occurrence in the ocean. The importance of this phenomenon to the study of tsunami action at Hilo, Hawaii, is presented.
Radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer: the effect of shorter length of stay on outcome.

BACKGROUND The surgical treatment for limited cervical cancer (radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection) has remained essentially the same for 40 years, but economic pressures have resulted in shorter length of hospital stay, and precautions against infectious diseases have resulted in less use of blood products. PURPOSE To determine if recent changes in hospital practices have affected outcomes, and if obese patients are at greater risk of complications. METHODS Retrospective review of 100 surgical cases grouped by time period (1981 through 1987 and 1988 through 1993) and by patient weight ( or = 80 kg). RESULTS Comparing the two time periods, the mean operative time remained the same (199 minutes), but use of blood products declined (mean 2.1 vs 1.5 units; P < .01), as did the mean length of hospital stay (10.6 vs 7.4 days, P < .01). The rate of postoperative complications decreased significantly (P < .01), and the 5-year survival rate remained 91%. Obese patients received more blood transfusions than did nonobese patients (2.6 vs 1.6 units; P = .02), but their mean operative time and hospital stay did not significantly differ. The rate of postoperative and long-term complications did not differ significantly between the two weight groups. CONCLUSIONS Surgical treatment of limited cervical carcinoma continues to be safe and effective.
A rare case of appendicitis incarcerated in an inguinal hernia

Amyand's hernia was coined after Claudius Amyand (1660–1740), who was the first to describe the presence of a perforated appendix in a hernial sac and also was the first to perform a successful appendectomy in 1735. It is an exceptionally rare condition in which the hernia itself contains the appendix, which may not necessarily be inflamed. The presence of an inflamed appendix further contributes to the rarity of this case. We report a case of acute appendicitis brought on by its incarceration in the inguinal hernia.
Florentine wax sculptures of the urogenital tract. A specialty of the eighteenth century

Florentine wax sculptures of human anatomy in general and of the urogenital tract in particular constitute an iconographic specialty of the eighteenth century. In the Age of Enlightenment research and representation of the human organism also met with broad interest. To counteract the lack of preservation possibilities and the resulting time restrictions, wax was used to fabricate lifelike human models. Here, the cooperation between anatomist and wax sculptor was of essential importance. The art of anatomical wax sculpturing was cultivated especially in Bologna and Florence at the end of the seventeenth as well as in the eighteenth century. In Florence the Imperial and Royal Museum of Physics and Natural History ("La Specola") that still exists today including a ceroplastic workshop was founded in 1775. Its macroscopically exact models of the urogenital tract - real art treasures and definitely still usable as teaching material - make an enormously authentic impression on the viewer and captivate physicians and historians alike.
Post-Foucauldian Sexual Regulation Theory

The Limitations of Foucauldian Theory Biopower theory allows us to understand the linkages between modern governance and welfare reform, and it is particularly useful where the analysis of “swarming” is concerned. It is nevertheless true that the Foucauldian theory of sexual regulation has several blind spots that make its application to the American welfare reform case rather difficult. To take but one example, the confessional mode of discipline is central to Foucault's conception of biopower. Foucault suggests, for example, that even when modern societies go through ostensibly reactionary antisex periods in which frank discussions about eroticism and sexuality are censored, they nevertheless continue to produce sexual discourse at a copious rate insofar as they launch investigations into alleged immorality, press accused perverts to confess their sins in public, and build up bodies of “scientific” research on the etiology of deviance. Foucault genealogically traces the modern psychiatrist's invitation to the analysand to put his or her sexual fantasies and dreams into words back to the monastic ritual of the confession. Sexology and psychiatry bring the sexual subject into being, as it were, by inviting the analysand to reveal the truth of the unconscious by capturing its traces within structured forms and expressing them in language. The protosubject is incited to give the wild and unruly dreamworld the orderly form of narrative fragments, to describe sexual practices as if desire could have a fixed and coherent object, to report on one's experience of the body as if self-mastery could be taken for granted, and to take up identities and inhabit a taxonomic tableau as if misidentification were not at the heart of every identification.
Plea Bargain Negotiations: Defining Competence Beyond Lafler & Frye

In the companion cases of Lafler v. Cooper and Missouri v. Frye the U.S. Supreme Court held that there is a right to effective assistance of counsel during plea bargaining. However, the Court defined effective assistance of counsel in only one narrow phase of plea bargaining: the client counseling phase. The Court said it would not look more broadly at the negotiation process itself as "[b]argaining is, by its nature, defined to a substantial degree by personal style.” This statement indicates that the Court does not fully understanding developments in the field of negotiation over the last thirty years. Negotiation scholars and practitioners have moved far beyond defining bargaining simply by “personal style” and instead view negotiation as a skill that can be taught, analyzed, and that already has established basic standards for competency. Negotiation scholars recognize that there are a variety of phases in every negotiation which would include plea bargaining. For example, there is the preparation phase which can include the first client interview, investigating the case, gathering information, doing legal research, and preparing the client for either involvement in the negotiation, or for what the possible options are as outcomes from the negotiation. The next phase is the negotiation phase which can have multiple parts and may start and conclude on different days. Lawyers who fail to properly prepare for the negotiation may also fail to competently negotiate. The final stage of plea bargaining is counseling the client regarding whether to accept the offer. This is the one phase of plea bargaining that the Supreme Court has started to define. This article will offer clear lines and categories that the Court could use to define competency in each of the three stages of plea bargaining. This article concludes that the Court must look beyond the counseling phase and not shy away from defining what is competence in all three phases of plea bargaining. It is not only possible for the Court to define basic competency in the preparation and negotiation phases of plea bargaining, but it is also imperative that the Court do so to meaningfully protect defendants’ constitutional right to counsel in plea bargaining.
Alternative Truths: The Construction Of Narratives In The Rodney King Trial

This paper explores the exploitation of narrative, character, and ideology to reconstitute the video evidence in the trial of Rodney King, in which four LAPD officers were indicted for violently beating the defendant. Throughout the trial, the prosecution chose to let the video evidence of the beating speak for itself to allow the jury to judge the police officers as liars rather than combat the narrative of the defense. Conversely, the defense reconstructed and reconstituted the form and content of the video, illustrating an ‘alternative truth’ through the use of metaphors, rhetorically identifiable characters, and professional discourse. In the end, the narrative of the defense—which depended on the stereotypical depictions of the dangerous, animalistic black man (Rodney King) and the righteous heroes (the white policemen)—resonated with the racist ideology of the Simi Valley jurors, and, more broadly, with white America.
Identifying Pleiotropic Genes in Genome-Wide Association Studies for Multivariate Phenotypes with Mixed Measurement Scales

We propose a multivariate genome-wide association test for mixed continuous, binary, and ordinal phenotypes. A latent response model is used to estimate the correlation between phenotypes with different measurement scales so that the empirical distribution of the Fisher's combination statistic under the null hypothesis is estimated efficiently. The simulation study shows that our proposed correlation estimation methods have high levels of accuracy. More importantly, our approach conservatively estimates the variance of the test statistic so that the type I error rate is controlled. The simulation also shows that the proposed test maintains the power at the level very close to that of the ideal analysis based on known latent phenotypes while controlling the type I error. In contrast, conventional approaches-dichotomizing all observed phenotypes or treating them as continuous variables-could either reduce the power or employ a linear regression model unfit for the data. Furthermore, the statistical analysis on the database of the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment (SAGE) demonstrates that conducting a multivariate test on multiple phenotypes can increase the power of identifying markers that may not be, otherwise, chosen using marginal tests. The proposed method also offers a new approach to analyzing the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence as multivariate phenotypes in genome-wide association studies.
Nuclear Data Sheets for A=40 ☆

Abstract The experimental nuclear structure data and decay data are evaluated for the known nuclides of mass 40 (Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, K, Ca, Sc, Ti). Detailed evaluated nuclear structure information is presented with the best values recommended for level energies, half-lives, γ -ray energies and intensities, decay properties (energies, intensities and placement of radiations), and other spectroscopic data. The 40 Ca and 40 K nuclides remain as the most extensively studied from many different reactions and decays; no excited states are known in 40 Mg, 40 Al, 40 P and 40 Ti. This work supersedes the earlier full evaluation of A=40 by J. Cameron and B. Singh (2004Ca38).
Characterization of KCNE1 inside Lipodisq Nanoparticles for EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Membrane Proteins

EPR spectroscopic studies of membrane proteins in a physiologically relevant native membrane-bound state are extremely challenging due to the complexity observed in inhomogeneity sample preparation and dynamic motion of the spin-label. Traditionally, detergent micelles are the most widely used membrane mimetics for membrane proteins due to their smaller size and homogeneity, providing high-resolution structure analysis by solution NMR spectroscopy. However, it is often difficult to examine whether the protein structure in a micelle environment is the same as that of the respective membrane-bound state. Recently, lipodisq nanoparticles have been introduced as a potentially good membrane mimetic system for structural studies of membrane proteins. However, a detailed characterization of a spin-labeled membrane protein incorporated into lipodisq nanoparticles is still lacking. In this work, lipodisq nanoparticles were used as a membrane mimic system for probing the structural and dynamic properties of the int...
A new species of Brachionidium (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae) from the high montane forest in the Central Jungle of Peru

A new species of Brachionidium was found on the highest mountains of the Central Jungle of Peru, on a wet Puna forest at 3470 m altitude. This species is similar to B. loxense and B. diaphanum but can be distinguished by its elliptic leaves with petioles 3–4 mm long; the short erect floral peduncle 2–3 mm long; the pink translucent sepals, red-wine toward the base; the floral bract spatuliform 15 × 5 mm; lip red-wine, bimarginated, trapezoidal, small, fleshy, obtuse acuminate, slightly prolonged lateral lobes antrorse and straight with a strongly pubescent cordate callus, split towards the apex.