cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reporting of study design in titles and abstracts of articles published in clinically oriented dermatology journals.

Summary Background Dermatologists may have difficulty in identifying the types of study design used in published articles, hindering their ability to appraise the literature critically. Objectives To assess the frequency with which titles or abstracts of articles published in clinically oriented dermatology journals reported the type of study design using standard key words, including ‘randomized control trial’, ‘nonrandomized control trial’, ‘double-blind’, ‘placebo control’, ‘crossover trial’, ‘before–after trial’, ‘gold standard’, ‘blinded or masked comparison’, ‘cohort’, ‘inception cohort’, ‘validation cohort’, ‘validation sample’, ‘survey’, ‘case series’, ‘cost-effectiveness analysis’, ‘cost-benefit analysis’, ‘cost-utility analysis’, ‘cross-sectional study’ and ‘case–control’. Methods A cross-sectional study analysed articles published between December 2004 and November 2005 in the ‘Epidemiology and Health Services Research’ and ‘Therapeutics’ sections of the British Journal of Dermatology (BJD), in the ‘Studies’ section of the Archives of Dermatology (Arch Dermatol) and in the ‘Reports’ section of the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (JAAD). Results In the BJD, 15 of 37 articles (40·5%, 95% confidence interval, CI 24·8–57·9%) included at least one standard key word in the title or abstract, compared with 43 of 87 articles (49·4%, 95% CI 38·5–60·4%) in the Arch Dermatol and 19 of 93 articles (20·4%, 95% CI 12·8–30·1%) in the JAAD (P < 0·001). Conclusions Most articles in the three journals did not report the study design used in the title or abstract. A consistent and clear indication of the design used in studies may better enable editors, reviewers and readers to assess critically articles published in clinically oriented dermatology journals.
A coaxial low-density plasma experiment

The design of an inverted coaxial plasma diode is discussed in considerable detail. The RF transmission and reflection measurements of a 15-cm-long diode are presented and compared with a preliminary theory. An attempt is made to account for the electron collision with the walls.
An Analysis of Incentives for Network Infrastructure Investment Under Different Pricing Strategies

The Internet is making a significant transition from primarily a network of desktop computers to a network variety of connected information devices such as personal digital assistants and global positioning system-based devices. On the other hand, new paradigms such as overlay networks are defining service-based logical architecture for the network services that make locating content and routing more efficient. Along with Internet2's proposed service-based routing, overlay networks will create a new set of challenges in the provision and management of content over the network. However, a lack of proper infrastructure investment incentive may lead to an environment where network growth may not keep pace with the service requirements. In this paper, we present an analysis of investment incentives for network infrastructure owners under two different pricing strategies: congestion-based negative externality pricing and the prevalent flat-rate pricing. We develop a theoretically motivated gradient-based heuristic to compute maximum capacity that a network provider will be willing to invest in under different pricing schemes. The heuristic appropriates different capacities to different network components based on demand for these components. We then use a simulation model to compare the impact of dynamic congestion-based pricing with flat-rate pricing on the choice of capacity level by the infrastructure provider. The simulation model implements the heuristic and ensures that near-optimal level of capacity is allocated to each network component by checking theoretical optimality conditions. We investigate the impact of a variety of factors, including the per unit cost of capacity of a network resource, average value of the users' requests, average level of users' tolerance for delay, and the level of exogenous demand for services on the network. Our results indicate that relationships between these factors are crucial in determining which of the two pricing schemes results in a higher level of socially optimal network capacity. The simulation results provide a possible explanation for the evolution of the Internet pricing from time-based to flat-rate pricing. The results also indicate that regardless of how these factors are related, the average stream of the net benefits realized under congestion-based pricing tends to be higher than the average net benefits realized under flat-rate pricing. These central results point to the fallacy of the arguments presented by the supporters of net neutrality that do not consider the incentives for private investment in network capacity.
A Column to Keep You Abreast of the Onrushing Knowledge Revolution

People sense that the world is passing through a profound transformation, but they badly need convenient, reliable information to guide their understanding and decisions. For the past ten years my colleagues and I have filled this need using an online system that pools the knowledge of experts to forecast emerging technologies – the GW Forecast.
Biologically Active Blumenol A from the Leaves of Annona Glabra

Abstract Continuing work on the bioactivity-directed fractionation of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Annona glabra has resulted in the discovery of previously known blumenol A (1). This is the first reported occurance of blumenol A from the Annonaceae family. Against human solid tumor cells, 1 was generally cytotoxic but not significantly potent. Its biogenesis is discussed.
Negative effects of pesticides on wild bee communities can be buffered by landscape context

Wild bee communities provide underappreciated but critical agricultural pollination services. Given predicted global shortages in pollination services, managing agroecosystems to support thriving wild bee communities is, therefore, central to ensuring sustainable food production. Benefits of natural (including semi-natural) habitat for wild bee abundance and diversity on farms are well documented. By contrast, few studies have examined toxicity of pesticides on wild bees, let alone effects of farm-level pesticide exposure on entire bee communities. Whether beneficial natural areas could mediate effects of harmful pesticides on wild bees is also unknown. Here, we assess the effect of conventional pesticide use on the wild bee community visiting apple (Malus domestica) within a gradient of percentage natural area in the landscape. Wild bee community abundance and species richness decreased linearly with increasing pesticide use in orchards one year after application; however, pesticide effects on wild bees were buffered by increasing proportion of natural habitat in the surrounding landscape. A significant contribution of fungicides to observed pesticide effects suggests deleterious properties of a class of pesticides that was, until recently, considered benign to bees. Our results demonstrate extended benefits of natural areas for wild pollinators and highlight the importance of considering the landscape context when weighing up the costs of pest management on crop pollination services.
From Honor to Dignity: Criminal Libel, Press Freedom, and Racist Speech in Brazil and the United States

Reports on violence against journalists in Brazil have captured the concern of international human rights organizations. This article discusses a case involving another such concern: the use of criminal defamation laws in Brazil to punish journalists for criticizing public officials. At the same time, Brazilian media sources regularly report on crimes of racism, which most often involve derogatory name-calling and hate speech. By examining the intersection of these apparently contradictory concerns, this article sheds new light on speech rights in Brazil and the United States and argues that a comparative perspective is crucial to contextualizing and harmonizing free speech and its limitations under modern democratic constitutions. By considering the infusion of traditional notions of honor and status with post-World War II views of dignity, this article argues for a comparative consideration of how best to combat racism and whether hate speech regulation in the U.S. should be reconsidered. As such, the type of law often used to protect the powerful in Brazil could come to be used to protect the vulnerable in the United States and opens the possibility that the irony of free speech could become more than just a scholarly debate.
Inside the College Gates: How Class and Culture Matter in Higher Education

AbstractStuber’s Inside the College Gate examines how social class shapes student involvement in extracurricular activities during college, and in turn how student involvement shapes social class identity. The author’s findings from a qualitative study of upper-middle-class and working-class students at a private liberal arts institution and a state flagship university provide administrators and student affairs practitioners with valuable insights on how best to reach out to working-class students. This review summarizes and contextualizes Stuber’s findings.
Exploring Well-Being at Work: The Missing Piece in Bhutan’s Concept of Gnh (Gross National Happiness)

John Nirenberg assesses how 'well-being' can be achieved in the workplace, and what that might mean for the different organizational stakeholders.
Seeing molecular vibrations: optical imaging of small molecules for biomedicine

We report a novel imaging platform, by coupling stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with small vibrational tags (including isotopes and alkynes), to probe dynamics of small biomolecules in living organisms with superb sensitivity, specificity and biocompatibility.
Efiects of Cavitation on the Breakup of Liquid Jets: Bubble Growth, Distortion, and Collapse in an Oriflce Flow

In this study, we have developed a numerical method to simulate growth and collapse of a compressible bubble in a liquid ∞owing through an oriflce. Efiects of shear strain, normal strain, and pressure variation are examined. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved by a flnite-volume method with a level-set method for interface capturing. Previous experimental studies have shown better atomization of sprays generated by high-pressure liquid injectors when cavitation occurs inside the nozzle. It has been proposed that the collapse of traveling cavitation bubbles increases the disturbances inside the liquid ∞ow. These disturbances later will trigger the instabilities in the emerged jet, and cause a shorter breakup distance.
Inadequacies of existing control structures

Existing programming languages and tools fail to provide appropriate facilities for the programming of robotics and control tasks in several different ways. This chapter explores these inadequacies and ends up with a list of requirements for a language that might be more useful for robotics. Chapter “OWL language” on page 67 contains the description of language OWL, designed with these requirements in mind, that was used to implement walking programs for the SSA walking machine.
Shared decision-making in multiple sclerosis:

In a healthcare environment that is trying to achieve better clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction, shared decision-making is a well-established concept that is gaining more interest. Multiple sclerosis is a preference-sensitive condition and provides the opportunity to implement decision aids at various decision points in the disease process. Literature about patient education and outcomes of shared decision aids in multiple sclerosis has been growing over the last decade. In this topical review, we present an overview of the current literature on shared decision-making in multiple sclerosis. While limitations to the generalizability and applicability of decision aids exist, there is evidence that decision aids and shared decision-making can be valuable tools in the clinical care of multiple sclerosis patients.
Brightly Luminescent and Kinetically Inert Lanthanide Bioprobes Based on Linear and Preorganized Chelators.

The synthesis, photophysical properties, and kinetic stability of a series of water-soluble, highly emissive Tb(III) and Eu(III) complexes featuring triethylenetetraamine hexaacetic acid (TTHA) and cyclohexyl triethylenetetraamine hexaacetic acid (cyTTHA) chelator scaffolds and carbostyril sensitizers are reported. The unique and modular design of the chelators gives rise to striking quantum yields of emission in aqueous solutions (up to 54%) as well as the characteristic lanthanides’ photophysical properties (long excited-state lifetimes, large effective Stokes shifts, and narrow emission peaks). Furthermore, the preorganized chelators (L3, L4, and L6) bind metal within minutes at ambient temperature yet exhibit substantial resistance to transchelation in the presence of a challenge solution (EDTA, 1 mM). Moreover, the Eu(III) complex of L4 remains stably luminescent in HeLa cells over hours, demonstrating the suitability of these compounds for live-cell imaging applications. Representative chelators sui...
Transient electromagnetic fields of a buried horizontal magnetic dipole

ABSTRACTElectromagnetic surveys using a vertical transmitter loop are common in land, marine, and airborne geophysical exploration. Most of these horizontal magnetic dipole (HMD) systems operate in the frequency domain, measuring the time derivative of the induced magnetic fields, and therefore a majority of studies have focused on this subset of field measurements. We examine the time-domain electromagnetic response of a HMD including the electric fields and corresponding smoke rings produced in a conductive half-space. Cases of a dipole at the surface and buried within the earth are considered. Results indicate that when the current in the transmitter is rapidly switched off, a single smoke ring is produced within the plane of the vertical transmitter loop, which is then distorted by the air-earth interface. In this situation, the circular smoke ring, which would normally diffuse symmetrically away from the source in a whole space, is approximately transformed into an ellipse, with a vertical major axis...
Introduction: Advances in Landslide Science

There had been a significant progress in the past few years on the advancement in technology, analyses methods, and simulation techniques for landslide hazard mitigation. This volume includes a few of such advancements. The entire volume include 124 papers that have been accepted through the extensive peer review process. The entire volume is included into four subthemes and the fourth theme is also subdivided into two parts. This volume includes the papers pertinent to research and studies from all over the world on advancement regarding the techniques pertinent to landslide field recognition, field and laboratory based landslide investigation techniques, numerical and physical modeling methods, landslide hazard and risk assessment as well as prediction techniques. Description of individual subtopic are presented prior to the presentation of each session.
Right Action as Virtuous Action

ABSTRACTI argue in favour of the central claim of virtue-ethical accounts of right action: that right action is virtuous action. First, I disambiguate this claim and argue for a specific interpretation of it. Second, I provide reasons to prefer target-centred over both agent-centred and motive-centred accounts of virtuous action. Third, I argue that an action is right if, only if, and because it is overall virtuous. Finally, I respond to important arguments to the contrary.
Editorial of the Special Issue: Oncolytic Viruses as a Novel Form of Immunotherapy for Cancer

Oncolytic viruses (OVs), either occurring naturally or through genetic engineering, can selectively infect, replicate in, and kill cancer cells, while leaving normal cells (almost) unharmed [...]
Evaluating the Rate and Substrate Specificity of Laboratory Evolved XNA Polymerases

Engineered polymerases that can copy genetic information between DNA and xeno-nucleic acids (XNA) hold tremendous value as reagents in future biotechnology applications. However, current XNA polymerases function with inferior activity relative to their natural counterparts, indicating that current polymerase engineering efforts would benefit from new benchmarking assays. Here, we describe a highly parallel, low-cost method for measuring the average rate and substrate specificity of XNA polymerases in a standard qPCR instrument. Our approach, termed polymerase kinetic profiling (PKPro), involves monitoring XNA synthesis on a self-priming template using high-resolution melting (HRM) fluorescent dyes that intercalate into the growing duplex as the template strand is copied into XNA. Since changes in fluorescence are directly proportional to XNA synthesis, quantitative measurements are obtained by calibrating the fluorescent signal against chemically synthesized standards. Using PKPro, we discovered that XNA ...
Short‐term side effects and patient‐reported outcomes of bleomycin sclerotherapy in vascular malformations

Background Vascular malformations (VM) are congenital lesions that can be debilitating and cause significant aesthetic and functional limitations. The chemotherapeutic agent bleomycin has been utilized as a sclerosant, directly injected percutaneously into the VM. Unfortunately, little is known about the benefits and short-term side effects of bleomycin with intralesional injections. Procedure An IRB approved, retrospective chart review was performed on patients with VM who had been treated with intralesional bleomycin. Data included type of VM, number of treatments, total bleomycin dose per m², and adverse effects. A questionnaire was administered to available patients to assess subjective outcomes and side effects. Results Forty-six patients were treated with 141 procedures of bleomycin sclerotherapy for VM. Patient ages ranged from 1 to 20 years (median age 10 years). The median cumulative bleomycin dose was 16.3 units/m²/person (range of 1.7-97.0 units/m²/person). Sixty-three percent of patients were reached for a questionnaire to assess short-term side effects. Ninety percent of patients surveyed were satisfied to very satisfied with the results from the procedure. About 24% of patients experienced transient nausea, vomiting and/or local hyperpigmentation. Conclusion Bleomycin sclerotherapy can be an effective treatment of VM with repeat exposure with minor risk of short-term side effects, however, long-term risks are of great concern. Further studies are required to assess systemic absorption and long-term risks.
Ultrasmall Plasmonic Single Nanoparticle Light Source Driven by a Graphene Tunnel Junction

Metal nanoparticles that can couple light into tightly confined surface plasmons bridge the size mismatch between the wavelength of light and nanostructures are one of the smallest building blocks of nano-optics. However, plasmonic nanoparticles have been primarily studied to concentrate or scatter incident light as an ultrasmall antenna, while studies of their intrinsic plasmonic light emission properties have been limited. Although light emission from plasmonic structures can be achieved by inelastic electron tunneling, this strategy cannot easily be applied to isolated single nanoparticles due to the difficulty in making electrical connections without disrupting the particle plasmon mode. Here, we solve this problem by placing gold nanoparticles on a graphene tunnel junction. The monolayer graphene provides a transparent counter electrode for tunneling while preserving the ultrasmall footprint and plasmonic mode of nanoparticle. The tunneling electrons excite the plasmonic mode, followed by radiative d...
Mitochondrial Function and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Abstract Many neurodegenerative diseases feature mitochondrial dysfunction. This includes both common sporadic and rare Mendelian disorders. In some cases, mitochondrial defects mediate disease pathology, and in others, the defects actually initiate and drive the disease. Understanding the causes and consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction provides insight into neurodegenerative diseases and reveals potential therapeutic targets that could lead to new treatments. This chapter provides an overview of mitochondrial function and its role in cell physiology, presents current perceptions about the relevance of mitochondrial and bioenergetic dysfunction to neurodegenerative diseases, and discusses targeting mitochondria for therapeutic purposes.
Vertical transport study of InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice nBp MWIR detectors using electron beam-induced current measurement

To improve the performance of photodiodes based on narrow-bandgap InAs/GaSb type-II strained layer superlattices (T2SLs), knowledge of the vertical minority carrier transport is necessary. For this purpose, the key parameters influencing vertical minority-carrier electron transport in an nBp MWIR detector were studied: diffusion length, lifetime, mobility. The detectors were designed with p-type, 10/10 ML, InAs/GaSb T2SL absorbers, targeting a 50% cut-off wavelength of 5.0 µm at 80 K. The nBp structure is attractive because the junction field predominately drops across a relatively wide-gap InAs/AlSb SL barrier, which reduces the expected generation-recombination dark current. Measurements of the electron beam-induced current (EBIC), combined with minority carrier lifetime results from microwave reflectance measurements, enabled the determination of the minority carrier diffusion length (Le) and mobility in the growth direction as a function of temperature. The Le was extracted at each temperature by fitting the EBIC data to analytical expressions for carrier collection efficiency. The EBIC measurements were also repeated at different electron-beam energies to vary the distribution of minority carriers near the surface to gauge the surface recombination velocity. Microwave reflectance allowed for accurate measurement of the minority carrier lifetime over a large dynamic range of excess carrier concentrations, enabling a separation of recombination mechanisms. The lifetime and extracted diffusion length data were then used to estimate the diffusion coefficient and mobility versus temperature by applying the Einstein diffusion relationship.
The landing zone – Ground for model transfer in chemistry

This essay proposes a new notion - the landing zone - in order to identify conceptual features that allow modelers to transfer mathematical tools across disciplinary borders. This discussion refers to the transferable models as 'templates'. Templates are functions, equations, or computational methods that are capable of being generalized from a particular subject matter. There are formal and conceptual prerequisites for the transfer of a template to a new domain. A landing zone is an ontology that contributes to the satisfaction of these conditions for successful transfer. This paper presents a case study on a model in chemistry - the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) - that makes use of transferred templates from physics - the virial theorem and the wave function. The landing zone in this case is a new ontological notion, that of the topological atom, which prepares ground for the use of the virial theorem and the wave function in chemistry. The virial theorem requires that there exists in-principle stability to the system that it represents, and the wave function requires transformation in its representation that is justified. The ontology of QTAIM - the landing zone for these templates - grounds the scientific use of these templates in the context of chemistry.
The Strategic Use of Legal Margins: How to Introduce an Extension of Someone Else’s Brand

This chapter examines the legal issues associated with offering what might appear to consumers as a brand extension of a brand owned by someone else. It identifies four possible strategies for associating with a famous brand: brand resale, compatible products, imitative substitutes and parody products. It also examines how various judicial trademark decisions in the United States of America and the European Union have addressed these tactics. The chapter concludes with strategy recommendations for marketers.
Cocaine: Blood Concentration and Physiological Effect After Intranasal Application in Man

This paper reports preliminary results from a multidisciplinary study of the actions of cocaine in man. We are in the process of evaluating the relationship of blood concentrations of drug to physiological effect after intranasal application to man. This communication is divided into three parts. The first is a report of a method that allows determination of cocaine plasma concentrations reached after clinically effective doses in man (Jatlow and Bailey, 1975). The second part of the study is the presentation of the results of work with surgical patients who received cocaine as part of their ordinary clinical care (Van Dyke, Barash, Jatlow, and Byck, 1975). In these patients blood concentrations were determined after intranasal application of cocaine for anesthetic purposes. The third section of the paper reports blood concentrations found in normal subjects given cocaine as part of an experimental procedure in which a multiplicity of physiological measures are compared with the amount of cocaine present in the blood. Only preliminary physiological results are presented in this section. In addition we have studied the excretion of cocaine metabolites after intranasal application of various doses in surgical patients and experimental subjects and report the sensitivity of the EMIT method for detecting cocaine metabolites.
Joe's Laundry: Using Critical Incidents to Develop Intercultural and Foreign Language Competence in Study Abroad and Beyond.

The development of intercultural competence and foreign language skills in study abroad and the FL classroom is often seen as an either/or proposition due to lack of time, training or the availability of materials in the target language. The Critical Incident method (CI) provides an example of an intercultural training tool that can link these competencies in ways that are developmentally appropriate for the FL and IC levels of the students. This method uses authentic intercultural mishaps to develop critical thinking skills as students reflect on the cultural values and attitudes underlying the experience. Drawing on research in study abroad FL pedagogy, this paper describes the CI method, provides a review of best practices in the context of study abroad, and develops an example of a CI from a study abroad program in France to illustrate how cultural incidents can be used to promote both intercultural and foreign language competence.
Teaching Digital Literacy Composing Concepts: Focusing on the Layers of Augmented Reality in an Era of Changing Technology

Abstract In an era of rapidly changing software and hardware technologies, I posit the importance of teaching theoretical composing concepts, such as the “layer,” in preparing students to become communicators capable of composing in multiple media, those present and those yet to emerge. Digital literacy instructors face the challenge of teaching students to compose in the technologies currently available, while also supporting students’ future literacy acquisition in technologies that do not yet exist. Focusing on broad digital composing processes and theoretical concepts such as the layer provides a means of preparing students to consider composing for wearable devices and other technologies that continue to emerge. In this article, I explore the use of one Augmented Reality (AR) software as a means of supporting students composing AR, as well as becoming familiar with concepts relevant to other composing occasions. I present a scaffolded process involving analysis and composition, focusing instruction and discussion on the composing concept of the layer. Throughout I emphasize how the concept of the layer extends beyond the visual layers of AR to a composing strategy and thus supports composers developing critical media awareness and adaptability for approaching multiple, potentially unfamiliar, media in current and future contexts.
Shock tube study of normal heptane first-stage ignition near 3.5 atm

Abstract Shock tube ignition delay times and species time history measurements for Primary Reference Fuels (PRFs) such as normal heptane provide targets for the validation of combustion models, which in turn are used to develop more fuel-efficient engines that have smaller environmental footprints. However, a review of the literature has revealed that most of the shock tube ignition delay time and species measurement data for normal heptane have been obtained at elevated pressures, rather than at relatively low pressures where many other important experimental techniques such as jet-stirred reactors and flow reactors can provide corroborating results. One central problem preventing previous shock tube studies from examining first-stage ignition at these lower pressures was that ignition times were too long under these conditions to be measured within the available shock tube test times. To address this issue, recent advances in shock tube techniques for achieving long uniform test times have been applied in order to measure low-pressure first-stage ignition times of normal heptane together with normal heptane fuel time-history records at times up to about 30 ms. These measurements were performed in the Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) region ( T = 664 − 792 K) in lean mixtures (21%O2/Ar, equivalence ratio ϕ = 0.5 ) at pressures of roughly P = 3.5 atm using both the conventional and Constrained Reaction Volume (CRV) shock tube filling strategies. The data have been used to evaluate the performance of several combustion models, have been compared with other higher-pressure shock tube first-stage ignition times in n-heptane/20–21%O2 mixtures found in the literature, and have been fit using a two-zone Arrhenius model for first-stage ignition delay times. The results showed that some combustion models yield ignition delay time predictions that differ from the experimental results by as much as an order of magnitude, that under these conditions n-heptane first-stage ignition times scale by roughly P − 0.71 but are insensitive to ϕ, and that the fraction of fuel remaining after first-stage ignition increases with increasing initial experimental temperature.
Learning Robotic Grasping Strategy Based on Natural-Language Object Descriptions

Given the description of an object, s physical attributes, humans can determine a proper strategy and grasp an object. This paper proposes an approach to determine grasping strategy for an anthropomorphic robotic hand simply based on natural-language descriptions of an object. A learning-based approach is proposed to help a robotic hand learn suitable grasp poses starting from the natural language description of the object. Object features are parsed from natural-language descriptions by using a customized natural-language processing technique. The most likely grasp type for the given object is learned from the human grasping taxonomy based on the parsed features. The grasping strategy generated by the proposed approach is evaluated both by simulation study and execution of the grasps on an ARl0 robotic hand.
Abstract WP168: Cerebrovascular Reactivity Predicts Surgical Decisions in Moyamoya Patients

Introduction: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by chronic occlusion of the distal intracranial internal carotid arteries and can be treated by revascularization surgery. At present, surgical...
Wellens’ Syndrome: An Atypical Localization After an Atypical Transient Left Bundle Branch Block Presentation

Wellens’ syndrome is a clinical presentation with a particular pattern of electrocardiographic (ECG) T-wave changes associated with critical, proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery lesions. We report a case of a variant presentation of Wellens’ syndrome diagnosed after the resolution of a transient left bundle branch block (LBBB). The patient initially presented with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which failed to be diagnosed despite LBBB presentation, but later became apparent after ECG converted to a Wellens’ type pattern. There are three major learning points from this case. First, Wellens’ syndrome can be difficult to recognize when presenting with an abnormal initial ECG-in our case it was only diagnosed after LBBB resolution. Second, Wellens’ syndrome can present with atypical localization of the offending lesion-our patient was ultimately identified to have a mid-LAD lesion. Third, there is no data in the literature regarding the time to T-wave recovery after revascularization of the LAD-our follow-up marks the timing at somewhere between 2 weeks and 4 months. J Med Cases. 2019;10(7): 193-197 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc3322
Comparison of second and third generation 135.6 nm ionospheric photometers using on-orbit and laboratory results

The second generation Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) is a compact, high-sensitivity, nighttime ionospheric photometer designed for small satellites. TIP launched February 19, 2017 to the International Space Station as part of the GPS Radio Occultation and Ultraviolet Photometry—Colocated (GROUP-C) experiment to test advanced sensing objectives. The TIP optical design improves upon previously-flown photometers and employs a filter wheel to measure signals. The third generation sensor is a 1U Cubesat-compatible Triple Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (Tri-TIP), manifested to fly on the dual 6U Coordinated Ionospheric Reconstruction CubeSat Experiment (CIRCE) in early 2020. The Tri-TIP design builds upon several technologies demonstrated aboard TIP, but utilizes a beam splitter to simultaneously monitor signal, red-leak, and background signals. This paper compares the pre-flight and on-orbit performance of TIP with pre-test theoretical results for Tri-TIP.
Vestibular, locomotor, and vestibulo-autonomic research: 50 years of collaboration with Bernard Cohen

My collaboration on the vestibulo-ocular reflex with Bernard Cohen began in 1972. Until 2017, this collaboration included studies of saccades, quick phases of nystagmus, the introduction of the con...
Engineering Monoclinic (Al x In y Ga 1-x-y ) 2 O 3 for Ultraviolet Photodetector

First-principle analysis of the electronic properties of quaternary β-(Al x In y Ga 1-x-y ) 2 O 3 alloys with Al-content and In-content ranging from 0∼18.75% were performed, and the findings showed the potential of using β-(Al x In y Ga 1-x-y ) 2 O 3 and Ga 2 O 3 alloys to achieve lattice-match condition for deep ultraviolet photodetector.
Tai Chi exercise for psychological well-being among adults with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis:

Background:Regular exercise is beneficial for adults with cardiovascular disease to improve psychological well-being. Tai Chi is a mind–body exercise thought to promote psychological well-being.Aim...
Multi-objective optimization of operating parameters for a H2/Diesel dual-fuel compression-ignition engine

Abstract This numerical study covers the engine performance and emissions of a dual-fuel compression-ignition engine fueled by hydrogen/diesel mixtures. Advanced simulations of the combustion process were performed by focusing on simulating the engine performance and emissions at different hydrogen quantities. Different factors that have significant effects on engine performance and emissions, such as exhaust gas recirculation and modifying diesel injection timing (IT), were also considered in this study. The relationship between the performance, emissions, and the operating parameters considered in this work are investigated and explained. A significant reduction of soot emissions by approximately 32.5% has been achieved by increasing hydrogen levels up to 37.5%; however, this has led to an increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions by ~22%. To overcome this problem, the optimum operating parameters that will lead to minimum emissions and maximum efficiency were also sought. Hydrogen rates, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates, and diesel injection timing were the main operating conditions while the engine performance and NOx/soot emissions were the objectives. The best operating conditions for hydrogen/diesel engines were obtained by solving the multi-objective problem of maximizing the efficiency while minimizing the NOx and soot emissions. This multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) with conflicting objectives was solved by using different optimization techniques, including regression analysis, artificial neural networks, and genetic algorithms. By solving MOOP, the first preferred operating condition at ~13% hydrogen, 4% EGR, and 30 BTDC of diesel injection timing was obtained.
Latency-Aware IoT Service Provisioning in UAV-Aided Mobile-Edge Computing Networks

Advances in wireless communications are empowering the emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications and services with billions of connected devices. Mobile-edge computing (MEC) has been proposed to reduce the round-trip delay of these applications as IoT devices may have limited computing resources and the resource-rich mobile cloud may be far away. On the other aspect, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) may potentially be employed to improve the quality of service and the channel conditions of users. We thus propose to utilize the UAV as a computing node as well as a relay node to improve the average user latency in the UAV-aided MEC (UAV-MEC) network and formulate the UAV-MEC problem with the objective to minimize the average latency of all UEs. As the UAV-MEC problem is NP-hard, we decompose it into three subproblems. We propose an approximation algorithm with low complexity to solve the first subproblem and then we obtain the optimal solutions of the remaining two subproblems, upon which another proposed approximation algorithm employs these solutions to finally solve the UAV-MEC problem. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is superior to three baseline algorithms.
The formation of ultradiffuse galaxies in the RomulusC galaxy cluster simulation

We study the origins of 122 ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the {\sc RomulusC} zoom-in cosmological simulation of a galaxy cluster (M$_{200} = 1.15\times10^{14}$ M$_{\odot}$), one of the only such simulations capable of resolving the evolution and structure of dwarf galaxies (M$_{\star} < 10^9$ M$_{\odot}$). We find broad agreement with observed cluster UDGs and predict that they are not separate from the overall cluster dwarf population. UDGs in cluster environments form primarily from dwarf galaxies that experienced early cluster in-fall and subsequent quenching due to ram pressure. The ensuing dimming of these dwarf galaxies due to passive stellar evolution results in a population of very low surface brightness galaxies that are otherwise typical dwarfs. UDGs and non-UDGs alike are affected by tidal interactions with the cluster potential. Tidal stripping of dark matter, as well as mass loss from stellar evolution, results in the adiabatic expansion of stars, particularly in the lowest mass dwarfs. High mass dwarf galaxies show signatures of tidal heating while low mass dwarfs that survive until $z=0$ typically have not experienced such impulsive interactions. There is little difference between UDGs and non-UDGs in terms of their dark matter halos, stellar morphology, colors, and location within the cluster. In most respects cluster UDG and non-UDGs alike are similar to isolated dwarf galaxies, except for the fact that they are typically quenched.
Emerging and Noteworthy Theories

This chapter introduces contemporary and emergent business communication theories which our survey and scholarly polling may have overlooked, especially due to some being relatively new. We humbly acknowledge that our choices are not all inclusive. We may have missed some high-quality contributions. Nonetheless, these exciting developments were selected for their capacity to transcend the boundaries of a particular discipline, move the field of business communication forward, and with the guidance of an expert, multi-disciplinary panel. The chapter begins by explaining our decision criteria and then explores theoretical innovations which are rooted in the theories from our catalog. We next present more novel business communication theories, including those which have been adapted from other fields.
Direct Percutaneous Transthoracic Cardiac Access for Recanalization of Longstanding Branch Pulmonary Artery Atresia

Abstract We describe the use of direct percutaneous cardiac access to recanalize an atretic right pulmonary artery in an adolescent with complex congenital heart disease and right heart failure. Th...
Interactions of HIV gp41's membrane-proximal external region and transmembrane domain with phospholipid membranes from 31P NMR.

Abstract HIV-1 entry into cells requires coordinated changes of the conformation and dynamics of both the fusion protein, gp41, and the lipids in the cell membrane and virus envelope. Commonly proposed features of membrane deformation during fusion include high membrane curvature, lipid disorder, and membrane surface dehydration. The virus envelope and target cell membrane contain a diverse set of phospholipids and cholesterol. To dissect how different lipids interact with gp41 to contribute to membrane fusion, here we use 31P solid-state NMR spectroscopy to investigate the curvature, dynamics, and hydration of POPE, POPC and POPS membranes, with and without cholesterol, in the presence of a peptide comprising the membrane proximal external region (MPER) and transmembrane domain (TMD) of gp41. Static 31P NMR spectra indicate that the MPER-TMD induces strong negative Gaussian curvature (NGC) to the POPE membrane but little curvature to POPC and POPC:POPS membranes. The NGC manifests as an isotropic peak in the static NMR spectra, whose intensity increases with the peptide concentration. Cholesterol inhibits the NGC formation and stabilizes the lamellar phase. Relative intensities of magic-angle spinning 31P cross-polarization and direct-polarization spectra indicate that all three phospholipids become more mobile upon peptide binding. Finally, 2D 1H-31P correlation spectra show that the MPER-TMD enhances water 1H polarization transfer to the lipids, indicating that the membrane surfaces become more hydrated. These results suggest that POPE is an essential component of the high-curvature fusion site, and lipid dynamic disorder is a general feature of membrane restructuring during fusion.
Pentameric assembly of the Kv2.1 tetramerization domain

The Kv family of voltage-gated potassium channels regulate neuronal excitability. The biophysical characteristic of Kv channels can be matched to the needs of different neurons by forming homotetrameric or heterotetrameric channels within one of four subfamilies. The cytoplasmic tetramerization (T1) domain plays a major role in dictating the compatibility of different Kv subunits. The only Kv subfamily missing a representative structure of the T1 domain is the Kv2 family. We used X-ray crystallography to solve the structure of the human Kv2.1 T1 domain. The structure is similar to other T1 domains but surprisingly formed a pentamer instead of a tetramer. In solution the Kv2.1 T1 domain also formed a pentamer as determined with in-line SEC-MALS-SAXS and negative stain EM. The Kv2.1 T1-T1 interface involves electrostatic interactions including a salt bridge formed by the negative charges in a previously described CDD motif, and inter-subunit coordination of zinc. We show that zinc binding is important for stability. In conclusion, the Kv2.1 T1 domain behaves differently from the other Kv T1 domains which may reflect the versatility of Kv2.1, the only Kv subfamily that can assemble with the regulatory KvS subunits and scaffold ER-plasma membrane contacts.
Racial/Ethnic Differences in 30-Day Mortality for Heart Failure and Pneumonia in the Veterans Health Administration Using Claims-based, Clinical, and Social Risk-adjustment Variables.

Background Prior studies have identified lower mortality in Black Veterans compared with White Veterans after hospitalization for common medical conditions, but these studies adjusted for comorbid conditions identified in administrative claims. Objectives The objectives of this study were to compare mortality for non-Hispanic White (hereafter, "White"), non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, "Black"), and Hispanic Veterans hospitalized for heart failure (HF) and pneumonia and determine whether observed mortality differences varied according to whether claims-based comorbid conditions and/or clinical variables were included in risk-adjustment models. Research design This was an observational study. Subjects The study cohort included 143,520 admissions for HF and 127,782 admissions for pneumonia for Veterans hospitalized in 132 Veterans Health Administration (VA) Medical Centers between January 2009 and September 2015. Measures The primary independent variable was racial/ethnic group (ie, Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White), and the outcome was all-cause mortality 30 days following admission. To compare mortality by race/ethnicity, we used logistic regression models that included different combinations of claims-based, clinical, and sociodemographic variables. For each model, we estimated the average marginal effect (AME) for Black and Hispanic Veterans relative to White Veterans. Results Among the 143,520 (127,782) hospitalizations for HF (pneumonia), the average patient age was 71.6 (70.9) years and 98.4% (97.1%) were male. The unadjusted 30-day mortality rates for HF (pneumonia) were 7.2% (11.0%) for White, 4.1% (10.4%) for Black and 8.4% (16.9%) for Hispanic Veterans. Relative to White Veterans, when only claims-based variables were used for risk adjustment, the AME (95% confidence interval) for the HF [pneumonia] cohort was -2.17 (-2.45, -1.89) [0.08 (-0.41, 0.58)] for Black Veterans and 1.32 (0.49, 2.15) [4.51 (3.65, 5.38)] for Hispanic Veterans. When clinical variables were incorporated in addition to claims-based ones, the AME, relative to White Veterans, for the HF [pneumonia] cohort was -1.57 (-1.88, -1.27) [-0.83 (-1.31, -0.36)] for Black Veterans and 1.50 (0.71, 2.30) [3.30 (2.49, 4.11)] for Hispanic Veterans. Conclusions Compared with White Veterans, Black Veterans had lower mortality, and Hispanic Veterans had higher mortality for HF and pneumonia. The inclusion of clinical variables into risk-adjustment models impacted the magnitude of racial/ethnic differences in mortality following hospitalization. Future studies examining racial/ethnic disparities should consider including clinical variables for risk adjustment.