cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Irradiated synchronous rotor poles

In a previous paper, a model pole was described. The method of determining the Arrhenius Equation for this model was detailed. The equation was given for two different pole insulation systems. The maximum accumulated running time for a standby diesel-generator in nuclear service amounts to 8768 hours at a design hot spot of 130°C. Proof of qualified life requires the model to withstand an earthquake which is simulated by a shake table generating a vibratory force spectrum in the fully aged model. The ability to withstand a radiation dose is also desirable. Previous results showed that poles fully thermally aged at accelerated conditions using both insulations passed the seismic fragility test. In this paper, a number of fully aged poles were irradiated in a vendor's facility with a dose of gamma radiation of 200 megarads from a Cobalt-60 source (dose rate 0.35 megarads/hr.). The poles showed a modest drop in insulation resistance. They were subjected to the severe seismic fragility evaluation and showed no evidence of failure. To evaluate synergistic effects, some new poles were recently sent for a 200 megarad dose which was followed by thermal aging and seismic evaluation. Results of the seismic test will not be ready until later, but the pole insulation was still good after 1392 hours at 160°C.
Investigation of Geometry and Current Density Effects in a Pulsed Electrothermal Plasma Source Using a 2-D Simulation Model

Electrothermal (ET) plasma discharges have application to mass acceleration technologies relevant to military ballistics and magnetic confinement fusion reactor operation. ET plasma discharges are initiated in capillary geometries by passing large currents (order of tens of kiloamperes) along the capillary axis. A partially ionized plasma then forms and radiates heat to the capillary walls inducing ablation. Ablated particles enter the capillary plasma source and cause a pressure surge that can propel pellets to velocities exceeding 2 km/s. These devices present several advantages over other mass accelerator technologies due to their simple design and ability to achieve high projectile launch frequencies. In order to investigate the operation of ET plasma discharges in more detail than previously possible, a 2-D, multifluid model has been developed to simulate the plasma-fluid dynamics that develop in these devices during operation. In this paper, the 2-D simulation model is used to investigate the effect of source geometry and current density on discharge characteristics. Peak pressure and electric field magnitudes for pulsed discharge operation are shown to scale well with theoretical and empirical scaling laws for steady-state discharge operation. The pulse shape of the source internal pressure is shown to change significantly with increasing source radius. The behavior of other plasma parameters is investigated. In addition, observations of the departure from the ablation-controlled arc regime are presented. This analysis suggests that, for the current pulse length investigated, source radii higher than 4 mm require significantly more current density in order to produce sufficient ablation to stabilize the plasma discharge.
Critical Analysis of Satisfaction Assessment After Penile Prosthesis Surgery.

Abstract Introduction Penile prosthesis implantation is believed to provide a high level of patient satisfaction. The International Index of Erectile Function and the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction are two validated questionnaires that have been used to assess this outcome. The lack of a tool specifically validated for patients undergoing penile prosthesis surgery has led to the use of heterogeneous methods to assess patient satisfaction. Aim To review the assessment of patient satisfaction with penile prosthesis surgery according to several factors. Methods A literature review was performed through PubMed from January 2000 through February 2016 addressing patient satisfaction after penile prosthesis surgery. Main Outcome Measures Patient satisfaction according to the characteristics of penile prosthesis devices and different clinical contexts. Results Forty-eight articles were selected. Of these, 66.2% used non-validated questionnaires to assess patient satisfaction. Device characteristics, patient comorbidities, and partner profile are potential factors that can determine patient satisfaction. Conclusion Patient satisfaction is a meaningful outcome of penile prosthesis surgery modulated by different conditions. The rigor of this assessment in the literature is limited. The validation of a scale designed for patients with penile prosthesis surgery is needed to optimize clinical practice. Akakpo W, Pineda MA, Burnett AL. Critical Analysis of Satisfaction Assessment After Penile Prosthesis Surgery. Sex Med Rev 2017;5:244–251.
Adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma presents the opportunity for cure of this highly lethal disease by allowing complete surgical removal. However, cure rates remain low. Adjuvant therapy following surgical resection is the standard of care. Most data support the use of gemcitabine or 5-fluorouracil in the adjuvant setting, and emerging data indicate gemcitabine plus capecitabine may improve outcomes. Use of adjuvant radiation remains controversial. Ongoing clinical studies will help better define the role of multi-agent regimens as well as radiation in the adjuvant setting. Neoadjuvant therapy holds the promise of allowing early control of systemic disease with increased delivery of aggressive chemotherapy regimens. Prior studies are mostly small, single-institution trials, making it difficult to draw conclusions. Ongoing trials across the world are systematically testing this approach and may lead to a new therapeutic approach to resectable pancreatic cancer.
Long-Term Follow-Up of an Occupation-Based Group Addressing Occupational Performance and Satisfaction in University Freshmen

The long-term impact of a 5-week, occupation-based intervention to address the life transition of university students into young adulthood is presented here. Study participants showed statistically...
Participation outcomes differed between video game-based balance training and standard of care training: Pilot clinical trial

Most virtual reality rehabilitation of balance and mobility studies about persons post-stoke report body function structure and activity level outcomes of the International Classification of Function. Only a few investigators have reported participation outcomes. Patient-centered approach to incorporating video games into the plan of care would require the use of participation outcomes. The purpose of this double-blind randomized controlled pilot study was to explore the use of the participation outcomes, both to customize the therapy for the participants and to measure patient-relevant outcomes. Methods: Persons in chronic phase post-stroke with residual balance and mobility deficits were randomized to a standard of care (SOC) or Video game-based balance group. An assessor blinded to group assignment measured the activity level measures of the Dynamic Gait Index and gait speed as well as the balance confidence (Activity Balance Confidence Scale: ABC) and participation using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Therapy was provided for 12 one-hour sessions (3 times a week for 4 weeks). The sessions consisted of a warm-up, sitting balance, standing balance, and choice activities. The video game-based balance group used the Wii sports, Wii Fit, and Wii Active games. Data were analyzed using a 2 (group) × 3 (time) RM Anova with an alpha level set at .05 and adjusted for the time comparison. Emphasis of the analysis was on the within group comparison. Because it was a pilot study, the outcome variables were assessed for clinical meaningfulness with the MDC or MCID within groups. Results Participants in both groups improved their DGI score, the video-based group at follow up and the SOC group at both post and follow-up. Both groups improved their gait speed and retained it at follow-up. The SOC significantly increased the ABC at post but did not retain it at follow up. Both groups improved the beyond the MDC of 10 points on the ABC at follow-up. Both groups improved on COPM performance at post and follow up, both exceeded the MDC of 1.7 points. Only the SOC group had statistically significant clinically meaningful improvements for satisfaction on the COPM both at post and follow up. There were no between group differences for the variables. Conclusion Both groups improved in balance performance and self-efficacy as well as mobility and COPM performance Standard of care, which allowed for greater customization to their participation goals resulted in improvements on COPM satisfaction with participation goals, while the video game based group did not.
Function to Failure: Compartmentalization of Cardiomyocyte Signaling by A-Kinase-Anchoring Proteins

Compartmentalization of signaling enzymes allows cardiomyocytes to make contextually specific decisions using a common set of second messengers. Though first identified by their role in localizing the pleiotropic cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) to specific intracellular organelles and compartments, A-kinase-anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are a structurally and functionally diverse family of multivalent scaffolds that organize “signalosomes” constituting critical nodes in the cell-type-specific network of intracellular signaling pathways. This chapter summarizes the role of AKAPs in cardiomyocytes, with a focus on the intersection of compartmentalized signaling and cardiac pathophysiology.
Millimeter and submillimeter wave multipliers: a comparative analysis

During the past few years, several new diodes have been proposed for use in frequency multipliers at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. Candidate diodes include a quantum-well diode, a single-barrier-varactor diode and a barrier-intrinsic-N+ diode. This paper gives an overview of these novel diodes and their potential benefits in comparison to the conventional Schottky-barrier varactor.
Utility of cardiac MRI in paediatric myocarditis.

Background The diagnostic role of cardiac MRI in myocarditis is evolving, however with extremely limited data in paediatrics. The goal of this study was to assess the utility of cardiac MRI in paediatric myocarditis and present a new prognostic score for risk stratification. Method The present study is a retrospective investigation of children with a clinical diagnosis of myocarditis, including analysis of demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic studies, including cardiac MRI, and outcomes. Results A total of 44 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 20 had undergone cardiac MRI. Patients who underwent cardiac MRI were older (median 15.6 versus 11.1 years, p=0.004), had a shorter length of hospital stay (median 4.0 versus 12.5 days, p=0.004), had overall less-severe illness at presentation as evidenced by a higher left-ventricular ejection fraction on echocardiography, had lower peak brain-type natriuretic peptide, were less likely to require advanced mechanical support, and were less likely to experience cardiac death or transplant. In patients who had undergone cardiac MRI, the most common findings were increased early gadolinium enhancement (n=9) or late gadolinium enhancement (n=9). Cardiac MRI findings did not predict a worse outcome. Independent predictors of the need for heart-failure medications at 1-year follow-up included inotrope requirement, extracorporeal membrane oxygenator requirement, and antiarrhythmic requirement at presentation (p Conclusion In paediatric myocarditis, cardiac MRI is not used uniformly, has a low yield, and does not predict worse outcomes. Future research should evaluate clinical decision-making and the cost-benefit analysis of cardiac MRI in the diagnosis of paediatric myocarditis.
INCREASED LEFT ATRIAL VOLUME INDEX IS ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE OUTCOMES IN HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with left atrial remodeling due to neurohormonal and hemodynamic perturbations. We sought to evaluate the association of left atrial volume index (LAVI) with clinical outcomes in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function with an
Asymmetrical Joint Action Expectations and Product Innovation Performance: A Conceptual Model

This paper establishes a case for asymmetrical joint action expectations (AJAE) as a valid phenomenon in interfirm relations and as relevant to innovation performance in the supply chain. The paper...
Hyperseeing, Knots, and Minimal Surfaces

We wish to highlight the fact that seeing is of basic importance in mathematics just as in art. We will introduce hyperseeing which is a more complete all-around seeing from multiple viewpoints. Hyperseeing is then applied to study knot forms and their corresponding minimal surfaces.
Prologue: Surviving Cancer: SEER Statistics

The number of cancer survivors is increasing rapidly because of a combination of demographic forces, public health success, and improving medical treatments. Projections are that the oncology workforce will be unable to meet the demand for cancer care in coming decades. Survivorship care planning can improve the quality of care and open up the possibility for survivorship care to be delivered by an array of health care providers.
A Pattern Formalism

We shall now examine the basic concepts and relations of pattern theory as expressed in a formalism whose terminology and notation will be discussed in this chapter.
Bioorganic Studies of a New Photoreceptor Structure

The aim of this work is to show the importance of using different instrumental techniques in the field of bioorganic research to determine the structure of unknown compounds present at trace level in biological systems. FAB MS and MS/MS were employed to elucidate structural features of a new type of photoreceptor chromophore. Moreover, a new approach for establishing the positions of OH groups in polyhydroxylated molecules has been developed, and the underlying ion chemistry understood.
EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PROJECTS AT THE WPI-ST. VINCENT HOSPITAL PROJECT CENTER

Abstract – This paper describes the development of an undergraduate project group in Emergency Medical Services. Students have, in a broad sense, examined the two-way impact of technology on society and society on technology. They have performed a variety of projects with the long-term objective of improving the delivery of emergency medical services in the region. The independence and creativity that students develop will ease the transition to the “real world” beyond WPI.
Ownership structure and hospital service costs and fees: A decomposition approach

This paper analyzes hospital characteristics that are associated with higher average costs and charges for venipuncture, computed tomography procedures (computerized axial tomography [CAT] scans), and electrocardiograms (EKG). Using data from a Medicare database, our results indicate that higher wages, larger hospital sizes, and greater service quality are associated with higher procedure costs, whereas system membership is generally associated with lower procedure costs. Blinder‐type decompositions, which are the main focus of this study, suggest (a) that venipuncture costs are about 17% to 19% lower at proprietary hospitals than at nonprofit or government hospitals, (b) CAT scan costs are about 6% to 12% lower at nonprofit hospitals than at proprietary and government hospitals, and (c) that EKG costs are about 3% lower at proprietary hospitals than at nonprofit or government hospitals. Lastly, large portions of each of these differences are found to be due to both differences in mean values of the hospitals' characteristics by ownership type and differences in the mechanism by which the hospitals' characteristics are transmitted to procedure costs.
Providing a New Aniline Bioisostere through the Photochemical Production of 1-Aminonorbornanes

Summary This report describes the photochemical conversion of aminocyclopropanes into 1-aminonorbornanes via formal [3 + 2] cycloadditions initiated by homolytic fragmentation of amine radical cation intermediates. Aligning with the modern movement toward sp3-rich motifs in drug discovery, this strategy provides access to a diverse array of substitution patterns on this saturated carbocyclic framework while offering the robust functional-group tolerance (e.g., -OH, -NHBoc) necessary for further derivatization. Evaluating the metabolic stability of selected morpholine-based 1-aminonorbornanes demonstrated a low propensity for oxidative processing and no proclivity toward reactive metabolite formation, suggesting a potential bioisosteric role for 1-aminonorbornanes. Continuous-flow processing allowed for efficient operation on the gram scale, providing promise for translation to industrially relevant scales. This methodology only requires low loadings of a commercially available, visible-light-active photocatalyst and a simple salt; thus, it stays true to sustainability goals while readily delivering saturated building blocks that can reduce metabolic susceptibility within drug development programs.
Employee Tenure Trends, 1983-2014

This paper updates previous Employee Benefit Research Institute (EBRI) publications that have examined employee-tenure data of American workers. The latest data on employee tenure from the January 2014 Supplement to the U.S. Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey (CPS) are examined and compared with trends from previous CPS data on employee tenure. Although data on tenure do not measure workers’ security, which is generally defined as the workers’ perceptions of being able to continue in their current jobs, they do show stability -- the actual length of time workers have been with their current employers. Consequently, tenure data show the results, not the perception, of the ability to stay in a current job. The most recent U.S. Census Bureau data show that the overall median tenure of workers -- the midpoint of wage and salary workers’ length of employment in their current jobs -- was slightly higher in 2014, at 5.5 years, compared with 5.0 years in 1983. However, the median tenure for male wage and salary workers was lower in 2014 at 5.5 years, compared with 5.9 years in 1983. In contrast, the median tenure for female wage and salary workers increased from 4.2 years in 1983 to 5.4 years in 2014. Consequently, the increase in the median tenure of female workers more than offset the decline in the median tenure of male workers, leaving the overall level slightly higher. The data on employee tenure -- the amount of time an individual has been with his or her current employer -- show that career jobs never existed for most workers and have continued not to exist for most workers. These tenure results indicate that, historically, most workers have repeatedly changed jobs during their working careers, and all evidence suggests that they will continue to do so in the future. The PDF for the above title, published in the February 2015 issue of EBRI Notes, also contains the fulltext of another February 2015 EBRI Notes article abstracted on SSRN: “Views on Employment-Based Health Benefits: Findings from the 2014 Health and Voluntary Workplace Benefits Survey.”
An Analysis of Community-Based Health Workforce Training Efficacy: Evidence From the Affordable Care Act Insurance Navigators in Illinois:

Objectives. A community-based training with core competencies in health insurance, health care resources, and outreach for over 1,700 Affordable Care Act navigators in Illinois from 2013 to 2014 wa...
Catalysis: Disguise gets a reaction

Every organic molecule has a sea of carbon–hydrogen bonds, so fishing out just one of these bonds for a reaction is difficult. Using a common chemical group as bait provides a solution to the problem. See Letter p.70 The development of new synthetic methods for the selective functionalization of C–H bonds is extremely important, because this chemical transformation has the potential to revolutionize the synthesis of complex molecules. Here, Eric Simmons and John Hartwig show that the combination of an iridium-phenanthroline catalyst and a dihydridosilane reagent leads to the site-selective functionalization of primary C–H bonds situated close to a hydroxyl group. The scope of the reaction encompasses alcohols and ketones, suggesting that this methodology will be suitable for the selective functionalization of C–H bonds in complex natural products.
Broadband light-matter interaction due to resonance cavities in graded photonic super-crystals

In this paper, we report the formation of resonance cavities within graded photonic super-crystals (GPSCs) with unit cells formed via a near-uniform central region with eight side graded regions. The graded regions in the GPSCs have several photonic band gaps, whereas the uniform region has one photonic band gap. The different locations of the photonic band gaps form a central cavity and eight surrounding side cavities with more cavities at the boundary of the corresponding uniform and graded regions. The quality-factor of the cavities in the boundary regions has been calculated to be as high as 5.8×105. The central and side cavities have a relatively low-quality factor. Broadband light-matter interaction has been observed in the simulation of transmission through the GPSC. When the thickness of the GPSC is out of resonance with the central cavity mode, the dip in the transmission through the GPSC is shallow and narrow. When the thickness of the GPSC is in-resonance with the central cavity mode, a wide and deep transmission dip is observed in the wavelength range in the photonic band gap of the graded regions. This indicated that the coupling of in-plane resonance in the central region with the Fabry-Perot resonance in the GPSC is occurring.
Extracellular serine controls epidermal stem cell fate and tumour initiation

Tissue stem cells are the cell of origin for many malignancies. Metabolites regulate the balance between self-renewal and differentiation, but whether endogenous metabolic pathways or nutrient availability predispose stem cells towards transformation remains unknown. Here, we address this question in epidermal stem cells (EpdSCs), which are a cell of origin for squamous cell carcinoma. We find that oncogenic EpdSCs are serine auxotrophs whose growth and self-renewal require abundant exogenous serine. When extracellular serine is limited, EpdSCs activate de novo serine synthesis, which in turn stimulates α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that remove the repressive histone modification H3K27me3 and activate differentiation programmes. Accordingly, serine starvation or enforced α-ketoglutarate production antagonizes squamous cell carcinoma growth. Conversely, blocking serine synthesis or repressing α-ketoglutarate-driven demethylation facilitates malignant progression. Together, these findings reveal that extracellular serine is a critical determinant of EpdSC fate and provide insight into how nutrient availability is integrated with stem cell fate decisions during tumour initiation.
Super-teams or fair leagues? Parity policies by powerful regulators don't prevent capture.

Much of modern society is founded on orchestrating institutions that produce social goods by fostering motivated teams, pitting them against each other, and distributing the fruits of the arms races that ensue. However, even when the "market maker" is willing and able to maintain parity between teams, it may fail to maintain a level playing field, as some teams acquire enough advantage within the system to gain influence over it and institutionalize their advantage. Using outcomes of over 60,000 games from four professional basketball leagues and more than 100 years' worth of seasons, we compute the evolving rate of transitivity violations (A>B, B>C, but C>A) to measure the ability of leagues to maintain parity between teams, and support the efficient generation and distribution of innovation. Comparing against a baseline of randomly permuted outcomes, we find that basketball has become less competitive over time, suggesting that teams diverge in performance, and reflecting a possible failure of market makers to tame their overpowered teams. Our results suggest that rich-get-richer dynamics are so pernicious that they can even emerge under the watch of a powerful administrator that is motivated to prevent them.
Historical disturbances to rivers appear to constrain contemporary distribution of a river-dependent frog

Frogs dependent on lotic environments are sensitive to disturbances that alter the hydrology (e.g., water impoundments), substrate (e.g., debris torrents), and riparian vegetation (e.g., wildfires) of river ecosystems. Although rivers are often very dynamic, disturbances can push environmental baselines outside of narrowly defined ecological tolerances under which a species evolved. Short-lived lotic-dependent organisms, restricted to movements within the water or the riparian corridor, are at risk of local extirpations owing to such disturbances if they fragment and isolate affected populations from recolonizing source populations. In Oregon, USA, the foothill yellow-legged frog ( Rana boylii ) is at its northernmost range margin and has experienced an approximately 41% range contraction compared to their historical distribution. To inform conservation and management, we used species distribution models to identify environmentally suitable watersheds based on intrinsic baseline environmental variables, and then examined potential effects of human-caused alterations to rivers, including splash dams used to ferry timber downstream prior to 1957, large water impoundments, and adjacency to agricultural croplands. We used machine-learning in program Maxent and three different river layers that varied in extent and location of mapped rivers but contained distinct information to produce species distribution models which we then combined into a single ensemble model. Stream order, annual precipitation, and precipitation frequency were the highest ranked baseline environmental variables in most models. Watersheds with highly suitable baseline conditions in our ensemble model were negatively correlated with anthropogenic disturbances to rivers. Foothill yellow-legged frogs appeared to be sensitive to human-caused disturbances to rivers, perhaps indicative of their narrow ecological tolerance to in-river conditions. We do not anticipate variables in our model to change much through time. Rather, for conservation we identified potential legacy (spash dams) and ongoing human-caused disturbances that are more likely to change conditions for the species in the short- and long-term.
Summary and Recommendations

The present research develops high temporal and spatial resolution thermometry techniques and applies them for the thermal characterization of integrated circuit elements and thin films. An experimental setup is constructed that integrates high resolution scanning optical thermometry capability into an electrical probing facility. Spatial resolution near 500 nm and temporal resolution better than 100 ns have been demonstrated using high voltage transistors and interconnects subjected to brief electrical stresses. The two step temperature calibration method developed here is well suited for microdevices and can be easily extended to other types of optical thermometry techniques. The thermometry technique also plays a key role in the extraction of the thermal transport properties of thin films. Simultaneous measurements of thermal conductivity anisotropy and volumetric heat capacity can be performed. Data on CVD silicon dioxide indicate that degree of disorder in atomic arrangements affect the thermal conductivity of amorphous solids. The experimental capability and physical understanding will help characterize and design new dielectric passivation layers.
Meromorphic Behavior of Time Dependent Schroedinger Equation

We try to obtain meromorphic solution of Time dependent second Schroedinger equation which partially satisfy Painleve Integrable property. Meromorphic analysis shows that classical particle trajectory is confined in imaginary axis of punctured Riemann disk on singular manifold in quantum limit. The trajectory solution is holomorphic near such singularity and very different from behavior far away from singular point. We have explicitly given value of all coefficients in meromorphic series solution. Branch point analysis also shows solution branches out near such singular point. Our analysis reveals limit of quantum description of a classical particle ( described by non linear ODE) can only be realized in small domain within singular manifold.
Contrasting self-report and consensus ratings of intellectual humility and arrogance

Despite a growing interest in intellectual humility (IH) and intellectual arrogance (IA), adequate measurement remains a challenging issue. This paper presents a pair of studies that compare two strategies: self-assessments and relational measures of group consensus. In Study 1, unacquainted participants provided round-robin judgments following a set of collaborative tasks. A social relations analysis revealed no consensus for either construct, making the relational measure untenable. However, a round-robin design following months of cooperative course work (Study 2) produced consensus for both constructs. Self-reported IH in both studies was positively associated with self-enhancement, despite the construct’s definitional association with accurate self-appraisals, whereas relational IH was not. These studies reveal key ways in which personal and relational assessments can differ.
ETHNICITY IN AN IMMIGRANT GATEWAY CITY: THE ASIAN CONDITION IN HOUSTON

The analysis explores the evolving condition of Houston’s Chinese community into the early 21st century and its uncertain role within the local economy. Through a historical analysis, it examines C...
Customization of de-blocking filter edge order for high performance: Study of H.264 AVC/SVC, H.265

Transformation and quantization in block based video codecs introduces blocking artifacts at edges. Special optimized video filter called de-blocking filter is applied on 4×4/8×8 block boundary to enhance visual quality and improve prediction efficiency. Most of the recent video codecs, H.264, H.265 (HEVC), VC-1 uses in-loop de-blocking (LPF) filter in decoder path. Each video codec standard defines fixed order of filter operation to have consistency in universal decoder output. Standard defined fixed edge order is not optimal for various architectures of de-blocking Hardware Accelerator (HWA), as it will have to compromise on performance, power or area. Pipelining of unfiltered pixel loading with filter operation, internal storage to keep partially or fully filtered pixels and order of storage of fully filtered pixels are some of the challenges that are difficult to meet with standard defined edge order. In this paper, a novel approach of customizing edge order is discussed for differing architectural requirements and for various video codec standards. Resultant filtered data with optimized edge order matches that of with standard defined edge order.
A comparison of pain report and adequacy of analgesic therapy in ambulatory AIDS patients with and without a history of substance abuse

Concerns are often raised regarding the credibility of patients' report of pain and this concern is heightened among individuals with AIDS, where many patients have a history of injection drug use. This study compared the pain experience, adequacy of pain management and psychological well-being among patients with AIDS who reported a history of injection drug use (IDU) as their HIV transmission risk factor and patients with other HIV transmission risk factors. Five hundred and sixteen ambulatory AIDS patients participating in a quality of life study completed a series of self-report instruments including the Brief Pain Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Functional Living Inventory and the Social Support Questionnaire. Results demonstrated that IDU and non-IDU subjects did not differ significantly in their report of pain prevalence, pain intensity or pain-related functional interference. However, IDU patients were significantly more likely to receive inadequate analgesic medications, reported lower levels of pain relief and a greater degree of psychological distress. There was also no difference in report of pain intensity, pain relief or functional interference among patients who acknowledged continued drug use, those who denied any recent drug use and patients participating in a methadone maintenance program. These data support the validity of AIDS patients' report of pain, at least in research settings, and suggest that undertreatment of pain is not restricted to patients who actively abuse drugs.
Defining human rights archives: introduction to the special double issue on archives and human rights

Defining human rights archives: Introduction to the special double issue on archives and human rights Is it possible the antonym of forgetting is not remembering but justice? --Yosef Yerushalmi (2005, p. 117) The majority of the papers in this special double issue on archives and human rights were originally presented at the symposium ‘The Antonym of Forgetting: Global Perspectives on Human Rights Archives,’ which was held October 18 and 19, 2013 at the University of California, Los Angeles. 1 The symposium explored the complex political, ethical, legal, and cultural challenges faced in the creation, preservation, and use of records documenting human rights crises. In bringing together an international group of archivists and scholars whose work addresses archival issues in a broad range of countries—South Africa, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Bosnia, Croatia, Rwanda, and the United States—the symposium provided an opportunity to develop interdisciplinary scholarship at the intersection of archival theory and practice, human rights, history, anthropology, and law. Interest in human rights within archival studies has exploded over the past decade. This burgeoning subfield has exposed the role of records, records creators, archivists, and users in the committal and subsequent adjudication of, resistance to, or reconciliation for the most egregious human rights violations around the globe, including genocide, rape, mass incarceration, and other crimes against humanity (Ketelaar 2002; Harris 2007; Stinnett 2008; Levy and Sznaider 2010; 1 The symposium was generously funded by a grant from the University of California Pacific Rim Research Program, with support from UCLA’s Center for Information as Evidence, UCLA’s Center for Southeast Asian Studies Indonesian Studies Program, UCLA’s African Studies Center, and the Charles E. Young Research Library. Geoffrey Robinson served as PI for the Pacific Rim Research Program grant and co-organizer of the event and Kathy Carbone provided administrative expertise. The author would also like to acknowledge Marika Cifor for her administrative and editorial help with this special issue and Ricardo Punzalan for his suggestions regarding this introduction. More information about the symposium can be found at http://uclahumanrightsarchives.wordpress.com.
Understanding MIDI. The key to creating and conducting the music to your own MTV video

The Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) specifies the standard hardware and data format that allow devices to communicate with one another. Developed by researchers in Japan, MIDI Specification 1.0 made its debut in 1983. Soon afterwards, Roland introduced the MPU-401 (MIDI Processor Unit model 401), which gave PC users the power of MIDI. By providing an affordable way to interconnect musical devices, MIDI opened the door to the music world for computer users. >
The detection and characterization of multiple forms of SV40 nucleoprotein complexes

Abstract A procedure has been devised that extracts multiple forms of SV40 nucleoprotein complexes from the nucleus of virus-infected cells. Four distinct complexes have been identified: (i) DNA-replicative intermediates, (ii) a 75S nucleoprotein complex which is the first product of replicative forms, (iii) a previrion structure, and (iv) mature virion. Employing continuous and pulse-chase labeling procedures that follow the incorporation of [ 3 H]thymidine into viral nucleoprotein complexes, the kinetics of DNA synthesis and virion maturation are detailed. Replicating SV40 nucleoprotein sediments as a broad complex between 75 and 200 S. The newly synthesized viral DNA is assembled into a 75 S chromosome which appears to mature with time into a 200 S previrion particle. This previrion particle is probably the precursor of the mature virion (250 S). A temperature-sensitive SV40 mutant in the major viral structural protein, VP-1 (tsB-11), fails to produce the 200 S previrion and 250 S virion at the nonpermissive temperature and leads to the accumulation of the 75S nucleoprotein complex. In contrast to previous observations, labeled intracellular SV40 DNA can be efficiently (90%) chased into mature virions. Other published procedures for extracting nucleoprotein complexes ( Green et al. , 1971 ; White and Eason, 1971 ; Varshavsky et al. , 1976 ; Christiansen and Griffith, 1977 ) have not detected this efficient maturation of viral DNA into virions. The reason for this discrepancy is shown to be due to the disruption of mature virions by the buffers, chelating agents, and crude cell extracts employed by these procedures. Disrupted virions produce a heterogeneous set of nucleoprotein complexes that have previously been thought to be natural in vivo complexes.
Functional deficit associated with a missense Werner syndrome mutation

Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the WRN gene. WRN helicase, a member of the RecQ helicase family, is involved in various DNA metabolic pathways including DNA replication, recombination, DNA repair and telomere maintenance. In this study, we have characterized the G574R missense mutation, which was recently identified in a WS patient. Our biochemical experiments with purified mutant recombinant WRN protein showed that the G574R mutation inhibits ATP binding, and thereby leads to significant decrease in helicase activity. Exonuclease activity of the mutant protein was not significantly affected, whereas its single strand DNA annealing activity was higher than that of wild type. Deficiency in the helicase activity of the mutant may cause defects in replication and other DNA metabolic processes, which in turn could be responsible for the Werner syndrome phenotype in the patient. In contrast to the usual appearance of WS, the G574R patient has normal stature. Thus the short stature normally associated with WS may not be due to helicase deficiency.
Plasmon-enhanced absorption and transmission in spherical Bragg resonators

We present a theoretical study of the dispersion relation of surface plasmon resonances of mesoscopic metal-dielectric-metal microspheres. These are spherically symmetric Bragg resonators comprising thin, alternating layers of dielectric and metal shells around spherical metal cores. By analyzing the solutions to Maxwell's equations, we obtain a simple geometric condition for which the system exhibits a band of surface plasmon modes whose resonant frequencies are weakly dependent on the multipole number. Using a modified Mie calculation, we investigate the effect of this flat-dispersion band on the absorption and scattering cross-sections of the layered particle. We find that a large number of modes belonging to this band can be excited simultaneously by a plane wave, thus enhancing the absorption cross-section. Moreover, we observe a narrow transmission resonance due to the metallodielectric shells behaving as a transparent coating in a narrow spectral range. We demonstrate that the enhanced absorption and transmission of the sphere are geometrically tunable over the entire visible range.
The Power Function of Conditional Log-Linear Model Tests

Abstract In fitting a log-linear model to data, it is common to examine the P values associated with the conditional likelihood-ratio tests corresponding to a nested sequence of candidate log-linear models. For an appropriate Pitman sequence of models these test statistics are asymptotically independent and chi-squared in distribution. This article is an analytic study of the noncentrality parameters of these limiting distributions, pointing out factors that determine the powers of these tests. The conditional likelihood-ratio tests corresponding to a given nested sequence of log-linear models depend only on the models, but not on their parameterizations. The noncentrality parameters of their limiting chi-squared distributions depend on the pair of models compared, the true model, and the limiting model, but not on their parameterizations. Often a nested sequence of log-linear models is specified by a particular parameterization with adjacent models in the sequence differing only in the presence or absenc...
Iterative estimation of instantaneous frequency and adaptive spectrogram

In this paper, we present an iterative algorithm to estimate the instantaneous frequency (IF) an matched spectrogram of nonstationary signals. The matched spectrogram obtained by this method is concentrated along the IF for monocomponent signals. The convergence analysis and the properties of the IF estimation algorithm are presented. Finally, examples showing the performance of the proposed algorithm is given.
Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets: Defective Transport of Inorganic Phosphate by Intestinal Mucosa

Uptake of inorganic phosphate is impared in intestinal mucosa from hemizygous males and heterozygous females with X-linked familial hypophosphatemic rickets. Considerable intrafamilial and interfamilial variation in uptake of inorganic phosphate is observed in affected patients. Uptake by normal mucosa is concentrative and energy-dependent, and is mediated by at least two systems with widely different affinities. These results lend direct support to the thesis that the primary metabolic disturbance in this disease results from impaired transport of inorganic phosphate in kidney and gut.
Response of pre-pressurized reinforced plates under blast loading

Abstract The effects of pre-pressurization on blast-loaded reinforced rectangular aluminum plates were studied experimentally. Rectangular clamped plates with rivet-attached stiffeners were used as a basic model of the fuselage skin of a commercial aircraft. Both non-pressurized and pre-pressurized plates (static pressure of 41.4 kPa) were considered to simulate the typical in-flight loads experienced by a commercial aircraft due to cabin pressurization. This work extends previous research on blast loading of pre-pressurized plates [Veldman RL, Ari-Gur J, Clum C, DeYoung A, Folkert J. Effects of pre-pressurization on blast response of clamped aluminum plates. Int J Impact Eng 2006;32(10):1678–95] to incorporate the effects of riveted stiffeners. An experimental system was designed using a vacuum vessel to apply a pressure differential to the reinforced test plate. Bare spherical explosive charges of C4 were then detonated at fixed distances from the plate. The permanent plate deformations or the amount of tearing in the plates were measured for 17 explosive tests with two different blast load intensities. A high-speed camera was used to determine the mechanism and time scale of failure propagation in the reinforced panels. A comparison of permanent plate deformations and damage showed two distinct results. For the least intense blast load case, both the non-pressurized and pressurized panels deformed but did not tear. In this scenario, very little effect of pre-pressurization on final panel deformation was noted. For the more intense blast load case, a significant increase in panel damage (plate tearing) was observed as static pre-pressurization increased from 0.0 to 41.4 kPa.
Recreation of a nominal polarimetric scene using synthetic modeling tools

Comparisons have been made showing that modeled multi and hyperspectral imagery can approach the complexity of real data and the use of modeled data to perform algorithm testing and sensor modeling is well established. With growing interest in the acquisition and exploitation of polarimetric imagery, there is a need to perform similar comparisons for this imaging modality. This paper will describe the efforts to reproduce polarimetric imagery acquired of a real world scene in a synthetic image generation environment. Real data was collected with the Wildfire Airborne Sensor Program-Lite (WASP-Lite) imaging system using three separate cameras to acquire simultaneously three polarization orientations. Modeled data were created using the Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generation (DIRSIG) model. This model utilizes existing tools such as polarized bi-directional reflectance distribution functions (pBRDF), polarized atmospheric models, and polarization-sensitive sensor models to recreate polarized imagery. Results will show comparisons between the real and synthetic imagery, highlighting successes in the model as well as areas where improved fidelity is required.
Phytohaemagglutinin Unresponsiveness of Lymphocytes from Babies with Congenital Rubella

SINCE the rubella epidemic in the United States in the spring of 1964, numerous cases of congenital rubella have been reported. In addition to the characteristics described by Gregg1 of congenital heart defects, central nervous system damage, deafness and eye defects, there have been manifestations of progressing infection including failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenic purpura and bony lesions2. Rubella virus has been isolated from the urine, throat washings and blood of babies with congenital rubella2,3, and in addition from many organs including lymphoid tissues at post-mortem examinations3,4.
Bronchoalveolar lavage with diluted porcine surfactant in mechanically ventilated term infants with meconium aspiration syndrome.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with diluted porcine surfactant in mechanically ventilated term infants with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).
Preclinical studies of dynamic treatment modes in pion therapy

Preliminary results on a system for delivering dynamic pion radiotherapy treatments are reported. The desired treatment volume is scanned across a small, focused pion beam using a computer-controlled treatment couch. A computer-controlled rangeshifting device modulates the stopping pion depth distribution in coordination with the couch motion to conform the dose to the shape of the treatment volume. For certain shaped tumors, the system can result in substantial normal tissue dose sparing and better field flatness as compared to irradiation by static treatments with broad beams. The characteristics of this new system, plus preliminary results for typical dose distributions as measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), are presented.
Grounding of space structures

Space structures, such as the Space Station solar arrays, must be extremely light-weight, flexible structures. Accurate prediction of the natural frequencies and mode shapes is essential for determining the structural adequacy of components, and designing a controls system. The tension pre-load in the 'blanket' of photovoltaic solar collectors, and the free/free boundary conditions of a structure in space, causes serious reservations on the use of standard finite element techniques of solution. In particular, a phenomenon known as 'grounding', or false stiffening, of the stiffness matrix occurs during rigid body rotation. This paper examines the grounding phenomenon in detail. Numerous stiffness matrices developed by others are examined for rigid body rotation capability, and found lacking. A force imbalance inherent in the formulations examined is the likely cause of the grounding problem, suggesting the need for a directed force formulation.