cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Biotechnology for the production of nutraceuticals enriched in conjugated linoleic acid: II. Multiresponse kinetics of the hydrolysis of corn oil by a Pseudomonas sp. lipase immobilized in a hollow-fiber reactor.

The hydrolysis of corn oil in the presence of a lipase from Pseudomonas sp. immobilized within the walls of a hollow-fiber reactor was studied at 30 degrees C. To assess the selectivity of this immobilized enzyme, the effluent concentrations of five different free fatty acids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Several rate expressions associated with a generic ping-pong bi-bi mechanism were used to fit the experimental data for this lipase-catalyzed reaction. A multiresponse nonlinear regression method was employed to determine the kinetic parameters associated with these rate expressions. Quasi-optimum operating conditions corresponded to 30 degrees C and a buffer pH value of 7.0. Under these conditions, the concentration of free linoleic acid (C18:2) (the fatty acid of primary interest) in the effluent oil stream for a fluid residence time of 6 h was approximately 0.5 M.
Atrial tachycardia after ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation: is it us or them?

Arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is not uncommon and frequently requires repeat ablation procedures.1–3 However, the precise arrhythmia that recurs depends on the strategy that was used at the original session. Patients who undergo sole pulmonary vein (PV) isolation usually manifest recurrent AF. Patients who undergo substrate modification, in the form of electrogram based4 or linear ablation,5 frequently develop atrial tachycardia (AT) either during or after the procedure. Whether these organized arrhythmias represent underlying driver tachycardias that were responsible for maintaining AF or occur as a result of our intervention (that is, proarrhythmia) remains unresolved. Article see p 1059 If we are truly unmasking underlying drivers, then our ablation strategy may be validated because it allows us to map and potentially eliminate sources of AF, which otherwise could not be identified during fibrillatory conduction. Alternatively, it is possible that substrate ablation, especially linear left atrial ablation, may result in macroreentrant ATs that were not present during or responsible for maintaining AF. In this case, either the original source(s) has been eliminated or simply grazed and is now supplanted by organized reentry related to zones of slow conduction created by ablation. The existing literature provides evidence for both hypotheses. A study using spectral analysis showed that the frequency (ie, the cycle length) of the AT that resulted after AF termination matched that of a spectral component that was already present in the baseline periodogram during AF.6 A follow-up study revealed that when linear ablation resulted in complete conduction block, it was accompanied by a decrease in the prevalence of these spectral components.7 These findings suggest that site-specific ATs may be present during ongoing AF, despite the fact that their frequency is lower than the dominant frequency during AF. These …
Myeloid-Specific Expression of Ron Receptor Kinase Promotes Prostate Tumor Growth

Ron receptor kinase (MST1R) is important in promoting epithelial tumorigenesis, but the potential contributions of its specific expression in stromal cells have not been examined. Herein, we show that the Ron receptor is expressed in mouse and human stromal cells of the prostate tumor microenvironment. To test the significance of stromal Ron expression, prostate cancer cells were orthotopically implanted into the prostates of either wild-type or Ron tyrosine kinase deficient (TK(-/-); Mst1r(-/-)) hosts. In TK(-/-) hosts, prostate cancer cell growth was significantly reduced as compared with tumor growth in TK(+/+) hosts. Prostate tumors in TK(-/-) hosts exhibited an increase in tumor cell apoptosis, macrophage infiltration and altered cytokine expression. Reciprocal bone marrow transplantation studies and myeloid cell-specific ablation of Ron showed that loss of Ron in myeloid cells is sufficient to inhibit prostate cancer cell growth. Interestingly, depletion of CD8(+) T cells, but not CD4(+) T cells, was able to restore prostate tumor growth in hosts devoid of myeloid-specific Ron expression. These studies show a critical role for the Ron receptor in the tumor microenvironment, whereby Ron loss in tumor-associated macrophages inhibits prostate cancer cell growth, at least in part, by derepressing the activity of CD8(+) T cells.
Multiplier-less Digital Down Converter in 90nm CMOS technology

A Digital Down Converter (DDC) is presented based on square wave local oscillators facilitating a multiplier-less implementation with no constraints on the sampling frequency. The DDC includes a pseudo multi-rate SINC low pass filter which exhibits better performance compared to the standard multi-stage sinc filter. The pseudo multi-rate SINC filter can be implemented with a unique cascaded integrator comb (CIC) filter to obtain the same improved performance. A 90nm CMOS design with 8 bit inputs clocked at 400MHz demonstrates a flexible, very low power/size DDC architecture for single chip digital receiver applications.
Synthesis and ‘click’ cycloaddition reactions of tetramethoxy- and tetrapropoxy-2-(ω-azidoalkyl)calix[4]arenes

Abstract 2-(ω-Chloroalkyl)tetramethoxycalix[4]arenes are converted to 2-(ω-azidoalkyl)tetramethoxy- and cone-2-(ω-azidoalkyl)tetrapropoxycalix[4]arenes, the former by substitution and the latter by demethylation to 2-(ω-chloroalkyl)tetrahydroxycalix[4]arenes, which are O-propylated before substitution of azide for chloride. The azide-terminated calixarenes undergo Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-cycloaddition to terminal alkynes to give 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles, demonstrating the potential to couple calixarenes from a tether at the 2-position (methylene bridge) to substrates that bear a terminal alkyne group. The cone conformation of cone-2-(4-chlorobutyl)tetrapropoxycalix[4]arene has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction.
Behavior of Hollow Tubular-Flange Girder Systems for Curved Bridges

This paper describes research results for an innovative curved highway bridge girder system, which uses I-shaped steel girders with hollow rectangular tubes as flanges. The increased torsional stiffness provided by the tubular flanges dramatically improves the structural behavior of the curved girders, resulting in substantially reduced deflection, cross section rotation, and stress compared to conventional curved I-shaped steel plate girders. In this paper, finite-element (FE) models for systems of curved tubular-flange girders are described. The models consider material inelasticity, second-order effects, initial geometric imperfection, and residual stresses. The girder systems are comprised of curved hollow tubular-flange girders (CHTFGs), cross frames between the CHTFGs, and a concrete deck. A parametric study is performed using the FE models to study the effects of web stiffeners, tube diaphragms, geometric imperfection, and residual stresses on the load capacity of three-girder systems with CHTFGs. Then, the results for the CHTFG systems are compared with results for corresponding conventional curved I-girder systems. The effects of the curvature, cross section dimensions, number of cross frames, and a concrete deck are investigated. The results indicate that the CHTFG systems are more structurally efficient than the corresponding curved I-girder systems.
Modeling the Oceanic Response to Westerly Wind Bursts in the Western Equatorial Pacific

A 3D tropical upper-ocean circulation model is employed to study the generation mechanism for subsurface reversing currents forced by strong westerly wind bursts in the western equatorial Pacific. The westerly wind bursts last from a few days to a few weeks and reverse the surface current from westward to eastward, setting up a zonal pressure gradient that generates a westward subsurface current. Although less affected by the local wind, the eastward Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) decelerates. The authors verified the hypothesis that the subsurface reversal is a local response to westerly wind bursts. However, the model response is very sensitive to the wind fetch. The observed reversal of the subsurface current can only be reproduced by wind bursts with a zonal extent of less than 700 km. This is because the zonal extent determines the timescale on which the pressure gradient is set up by equatorial waves. This timescale must be shorter than the timescales of vertical mixing and downwelling in order for the pressure-driven subsurface westward acceleration to overtake the eastward acceleration due to downward transport of momentum. The results emphasize the importance of resolving spatial variations in simulating the upper ocean response to atmospheric forcing. The influence of off-equator winds on equatorial currents is also investigated. It is found that the remote effect of an off-equator wind can be larger on subsurface currents than on surface currents. An off-equator westerly (easterly) wind decelerates (accelerates) the EUC but has little effect on the surface equatorial current. When a cyclone with a westerly wind at the equator and an easterly off-equator wind is present, the local response near the surface is dominated by the westerly wind. But the remote effect of the off-equator wind significantly modifies the local wind effect at the depth of the EUC.
Wheat Gluten and Glutenin Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity at Extruder Temperatures

Thermal properties (thermal conductivity and diffusivity) of gluten and glutenin were measured in the temperature range 60-175 o C typically used in extrusion processing. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity of gluten decreased with increasing temperature and increased with increasing moisture content. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity of glutenin increased with temperature and moisture content. Thermal conductivity of gluten was 0.06-0.35 W/m.C and glutenin was 0.29-0.49 W/m.C for the temperature range 60-175 o C and moisture content range of 0-30%
A Comparison of Aspatial and Spatial Measures of Segregation

The modifiable areal unit problem arises when the boundaries that define neighborhoods affect perceived levels of segregation. Scholars postulate that this problem is exacerbated when one uses a definition of neighborhoods that is based on administrative units; doing so leads to an aspatial measure of segregation, which may or may not adequately account for the spatial relationships among residential locations. In this article, we assess whether aspatial and spatial definitions of neighborhoods produce different perceived levels of income segregation. Using an original individual-level dataset on income in San Mateo County, California, we define each individual’s neighborhood in three ways – two aspatial and one spatial. On the basis of these definitions of neighborhoods, we then estimate residential income segregation using the local Moran’s I statistic. We report two primary findings. First, the three measures generate different perceived levels of income segregation. Specifically, we observe less income segregation when using the aspatial measures as compared with the spatial one. Second, the inconsistencies between these measures are systematic in such a way as to lead to different inferences when used to predict individual voter turnout.
Some principles of intelligent tutoring

Research on intelligent tutoring systems is discussed from the point of view of providing moment-by-moment adaptation of both content and form of instruction to the changing cognitive needs of the individual learner. The implications of this goal for cognitive diagnosis, subject matter analysis, teaching tactics, and teaching strategies are analyzed. The results of the analyses are stated in the form of principles about intelligent tutoring. A major conclusion is that a computer tutor, in order to provide adaptive instruction, must have a strategy which translates its tutorial goals into teaching actions, and that, as a consequence, research on teaching strategies is central to the construction of intelligent tutoring systems.
Spatial Typologies of Care: Understanding the Implications of the Spatial Distribution of Off-Base Civilian Behavioral Health Providers Who Accept TRICARE Prime to Service Persons and Their Dependents.

ABSTRACT Over the last decade, demand for services from military treatment facilities (MTFs) has frequently exceeded capacity resulting in increased usage of off-base civilian Tricare providers (OCTP). This capacity shortage has been particularly acute for mental health care. At many installations, OCTPs are the main source of mental health care for military personnel and their families. Utilizing data on the location of mental health OCTPs and demographic data, we examine the spatial accessibility of mental health OCTPs around five military installations. Variation exists in the spatial accessibility of mental health OCTPs depending on the geographic context of an installation. There is a mild correlation between the number of mental health OTCPs proximate to a base and the beneficiaries enrolled in an MTF. There is a strong correlation between the size of the general population proximate to an installation and the number of mental health OCTMPs present. Installations located in densely populated areas h...
Electrowinning molybdenum and tungsten

Projected long-range requirements for molybdenum and tungsten indicate that a new reduction technique is needed, and this article discusses research on one such method.
Learning English, working hard, and challenging risk discourses:

Refugees in the US are often seen as risk-takers—those who engage in potentially harmful behaviors that simultaneously provide opportunity; with their perceived weaknesses in English language train...
Structure, Function, and Propagation of Information across Living Two, Four, and Eight Node Degree Topologies.

In this study we created four network topologies composed of living cortical neurons and compared resultant structural-functional dynamics including the nature and quality of information transmission. Each living network was composed of living cortical neurons that were created using microstamping of adhesion promoting molecules and each was “designed” with different levels of convergence embedded within each structure. Networks were cultured over a grid of electrodes that permitted detailed measurements of neural activity at each node in the network. Of the topologies we tested, the “Random” networks in which neurons connect based on their own intrinsic properties transmitted information embedded within their spike trains with higher fidelity relative to any other topology we tested. Within our patterned topologies in which we explicitly manipulated structure, the effect of convergence on fidelity was dependent on both topology and time-scale (rate versus temporal coding). At long time scales associated with rate based coding the simple linear 2D or “line” networks produced the highest fidelity during transmission among neurons (nodes) followed by 4D (4 connections per node) and 8D (8 connections per node) grid networks. By contrast, at more precise temporal scales it was the increased convergence within the 8D topology that now resulted in the highest fidelity followed by 4D and 2D networks. A more detailed examination using tools from network analysis revealed that these changes in fidelity were also associated with a number of other structural properties including a node’s degree, degree-degree correlations, path length, and clustering coefficients. Whereas information transmission was apparent among nodes with few connections, the greatest transmission fidelity was achieved among the few nodes possessing the highest number of connections (high degree nodes or putative hubs). These results provide a unique view into the relationship between structure and its affect on transmission fidelity, at least within these small neural populations with defined network topology. They also highlight the potential role of tools such as microstamp printing and microelectrode array recordings to construct and record from arbitrary network topologies to provide a new direction in which to advance the study of structure-function relationships.
Deciding How Conservative A Designer Should Be: Simulating Future Tests and Redesign

σ = true stress σmeas = measured stress σcalc = calculated stress emeas = error in measured stress ecalc = error in calculated stress σcalc = updated stress calculation based on measured stress θ = calibration factor for calculation Sini = initial safety factor Sre = redesign safety factor SL = lower limit for acceptable safety factor SU = upper limit for acceptable safety factor A1 = initial cross sectional area (before redesign) A2 = cross sectional area after redesign E(A) = mean area after redesign Pre = probability of redesign
Oscar Peterson's Piano Prostheses: Strategies of Performance and Publicity in the Post-Stroke Phase of His Career

In 1993, Oscar Peterson had a stroke that rendered him in essence a right-hand-only pianist. He resumed performing from 1994 until shortly before his death in 2007. The stroke. This paper examines how Peterson and his handlers employed “piano prostheses” to assist him. Two categories of prosthetic, analogous to uses of actual artificial limbs, are observed: 1) “performance;” band mates provide accompanimental support different from his pre-stroke groups 2) “cosmetic,” a non-disabled appearance is attempted, mostly by record annotators, by denying/minimizing the stroke’s impact. Peterson appeared ambivalent or vacillating in his attitude toward his disability, sometimes but not always relying on sidemen for extra assistance, and expressing highly varying degrees of openness in his public statements about his limitations. By contrast, his record annotators uniformly ignored or minimized the stroke’s impact. As a disabled public figure, Peterson’s situation is compared to that of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
Picosecond rotational interconversion adjacent to a C═O bond studied by two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy.

Molecular conformations around the C═O group of carbonyl compounds like ketones and aldehydes play an important role in determining their reaction properties in solutions, including reaction rate, ...
Pulsed-Laser Plasmon-assisted Nanoscale Photothermal Energy Transfer in Fluid

We present an analysis of photothermal phenomena associated with nanosecond-pulsed, laser-illuminated metallic nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. We use computational electromagnetic and fluid analysis to predict energy conversion at plasmon resonance, heat transfer and bubble generation.
Understanding atopic syndromes.

Atopic allergy is caused by immediate hypersensitivity, mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). When allergen and IgE combine, inflammatory tissue changes take place and produce the allergic symptoms. Skin tests have traditionally been the major means of diagnosis, with allergens that are inhaled providing the most reliabl used as test materials.
Engineering bacterial biocomputers using a top-down approach and dynamic genetic circuits

Biocomputing is a broad field of research encompassing any area at the intersection of computing and biology. Bacterial biocomputing is a branch of biocomputing focused on generating bacterial strains with useful logical and sensing functions, using chemical, electrical, or physical input or output signals. Significant advances have been made in the last decade; however, there are major obstacles, including a complete lack of programmability and generalizability of all strains created to date. Two reasons for this problem are: i) the limited variety and function of standard genetic parts; and ii) the static nature of current design strategies. We propose a top-down genetic engineering approach and in situ genetic remodeling mechanisms as possible steps to advance bacterial biocomputer designs.
Binding of epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-α in mammalian preimplantation embryos

Preimplantation embryos of the pig (Days 11 to 15), cow (Days 14 to 16), sheep (Day 14) and pony (Day 16) bind epidermal growth factor (EGF) specifically. Binding was not detected in embryos of the rabbit at Day 5 or 6 or the hamster at Day 3. Transforming growth factor-alpha displaced [(125)I] EGF in pig, cow and pony embryos almost as much as unlabeled EGF. The binding affinities of EGF ranged from 12 to 233 pM in pig and cow embryos. The range of species and binding features indicate that the EGF family may play a significant role in mammalian preimplantation development.
Structure and Development of Male Accessory Glands in Insects

Reproductive accessory glands of male insects facilitate transfer of sperm to the females. The heterogeneous products of these glands include both the seminal fluids and paraseminal structures. The secretions vary widely in physical properties, biochemical composition, and physiological function. Secretions of low viscosity bathe the sperm. Within that fluid mixture are components which promote sperm maturation, which provide nourishment for stored sperm, which contribute nutrients for investment into egg yolk, or which modulate the behavior or the physiology of the female (Leopold, 1976). Secretions of higher viscosity solidify to become copulatory plugs (Bishop, 1920; Bairate and Perotti, 1970) or complex spermatophores (Tuzet, 1977). These organized secretory masses are composed of several distinct zones that form as the glandular products flow over one another in extracellular space.
The risk of hospitalized infection following initiation of biologic agents versus methotrexate in the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

In the present study, we compared the incidence of hospitalized infection among children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) following initiation of treatment with biologic agents versus methotrexate (MTX). We used national Medicaid claims data from 2000 through 2010 to create cohorts of children with JIA who were new users of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), anakinra, and MTX (without concurrent biologic agent use) as defined by a 6-month baseline period of nonuse. Because most anakinra users have systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA), we used claims to identify MTX users who likely had SJIA. Among TNFi users, concurrent MTX use was a time-varying covariate. The study outcome was a primary hospital discharge diagnosis of infection. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) to compare infection rates between biologic agents and MTX. We identified 3075 new MTX users (160 with SJIA), 2713 new TNFi users, and 247 new anakinra users. There was no increased risk of infection associated with TNFi monotherapy versus MTX (aHR 1.19, 95 % CI 0.72–1.94) or with TNFi + MTX combination therapy versus MTX (aHR 1.23, 95 % CI 0.69–2.17). Baseline high-dose oral glucocorticoid use (≥10 mg/day of prednisone) was associated with infection (aHR 2.03 [95 % CI 1.21–3.39] versus no oral glucocorticoid). Anakinra was associated with infection versus MTX (aHR 3.53 95 % CI 1.83–6.82), but less so compared with MTX users with SJIA (aHR 2.69, 95 % CI 0.82–8.82). Neither TNFi monotherapy nor TNFi + MTX combination therapy was significantly associated with hospitalized infection compared with MTX. Anakinra was significantly associated with infection, but there was likely residual confounding by disease phenotype.
Computer algebra: lightening the load

In the early 1970s, I read a newspaper article about a mysterious computer program that would relieve researchers from the drudgery of tedious algebra, trigonometry and calculus. Such software would improve productivity and accuracy in the mathematical sciences, where unwieldy symbolic calculations are difficult and prone to error if done by hand. It would revolutionize the way that scientists, engineers and educators learn and work. The world of mathematics would never be the same.
Development of medium voltage solid-state fault isolation devices for ultra-fast protection of distribution systems

Three generations of medium voltage fault isolation devices (FID) for a power electronics based distribution system, the FREEDM System, are reported in this paper. In the Gen-I FID, three 6.5 kV silicon IGBTs are series connected to achieve 15 kV class distribution voltage blocking capability. Whereas in the Gen-II and the Gen-III FIDs, 15 kV Silicon Carbide (SiC) ETO devices are used. Since one single such device can meet the voltage withstand requirement, the operation losses as well as dimensions are significantly reduced. Future improvements in the Gen-III FID include the use of hybrid schemes and the development of symmetrical blocking high voltage SiC devices to further minimize the operation losses.
Datenfriedhof oder Schatzgrube – Jeder hat es selbst in der Hand

Die Datenflut nimmt in unserem beruflichen und privaten Umfeld mittlerweile explosionsartig zu. Zumindest im beruflichen Umfeld kann sich dem kaum jemand entziehen, aber auch im privaten Umfeld werden wir mit einer Datenmenge berieselt, die unser Gehirn schon lange nicht mehr sinnvoll verarbeiten kann. Wahrend im Arbeitsalltag das Medium „E-Mail“ an dieser Entwicklung den wohl grosten Anteil hat, ist das Internet zwischenzeitlich im privaten Bereich der groste Quell, der unerlasslich Daten sprudelt.
Application of particle accelerators for the experimental measurement of relativity of simultaneity

The subject of relativity of simultaneity appears very early in textbooks as well as in various forms in papers dedicated to teaching relativity. Unfortunately, no experiment has been possible to date due to the fact that the predicted effects are very small. In the current paper, we describe the experimental set-up for a direct measurement of relativity of simultaneity, a relativistic property that has eluded so far experimental verification. We show how modern technology, in combination with the theory advanced by our paper, makes this experiment feasible.
Long Esophageal Stricture in a Brittle Diabetic.

Aim We report a case of atypical esophageal stricture in a young diabetic woman. Background Diabetes mellitus and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are two common disorders in modern society. Case report A young diabetic woman developed a 6-cm-long esophageal stricture. This stricture was refractory to multiple esophageal dilation procedures. She underwent subtotal esophagectomy and had excellent treatment outcome. Conclusion Gastroesophageal reflux disease can cause severe long esophageal stricture in a brittle diabetic. Clinical significance Improving the awareness of their association between diabetes and GERD would greatly benefit the day-to-day practice of medicine.How to cite this article: Pak SC, Darr U, Alastal Y, Yoon Y. Long Esophageal Stricture in a Brittle Diabetic. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(2):191-192.
Abstract 14276: 30-Year Survival in the Active and Placebo Groups of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program

Introduction: There are scant data on differences in survival between clinical trial participants compared to individuals who do not volunteer to participate in such studies. In addition, quantitative studies of the benefits of antihypertensive therapy on extending survival have not been reported. The 30-year follow-up data from the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP) were used to address these questions. Methods: SHEP was a randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial of chlorthalidone-based antihypertensive therapy in patients with isolated systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure >160 and diastolic blood pressure Results: SHEP participants had markedly longer survival than actuarial controls, p Conclusions: This unique 30 year follow-up study indicates that SHEP participants had markedly higher survival than actuarial controls and better survival than prior projections.
4-OR: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HLA-DPB1 TYPING IN RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS AND IN HIGHLY SENSITIZED TRANSPLANT CANDIDATES

Aim To elaborate the importance of HLA-DPB1 typing in Pre-transplant solid organ candidates. To show that HLA-DPB1 typing on Deceased Donors can enhance the virtual crossmatch system, especially with highly sensitized pre-transplant candidates. Currently UNOS does not require or accept HLA-DBP1 typing. This excludes HLA-DPB1 from the virtual crossmatch algorithm. HLA-DPB1 can cause antibody-mediated rejection. Methods Molecular typing performed for HLA-A, B, C, DQB1, and DPB1 using SSP (Olerup). Antibody tests were performed with LabScreen Single antigen beads Class I and II beads (One Lambda) on serum samples treated with DTT. Reviewed highly sensitized renal pre and post transplant cases involving HLA-DPB1 antibodies. Results Case 1: Highly sensitized 65 yr female renal candidate with a cPRA of 100%, received a transplant with a deceased donor in October 2010. Donor typing was considered a zero mismatch. Early antibody mediated rejection was suspected due to an increase in serum creatinine and decrease in urine output. Anti-HLA antibody specificity analysis revealed strong HLA-DPB1 antibodies. Molecular typing for HLA-DPB1 was performed [ Table 1 ]. DSA performed two days post transplant showed the HLA-DPB1 ∗ 0101 at 4900 MFI. By the tenth day post transplant HLA-DPB1 ∗ 0101 was 17,100 MFI. The kidney had stopped functioning and showed intense C4d deposition. Case 2: Highly sensitized 56 yr male renal candidate active on the waitlist having had three previous transplants and a current cPRA of 91%. Since he was listed in May 2011 he has had several deceased donor offers. However, Single Antigen Beads revealed multiple HLA-DPB1 antibodies leading to both positive flow cell and virtual crossmatches. Conclusions It is now our protocol to perform molecular HLA-DPB1 typing on deceased donors, as well as, potential recipients. The more complete a donor’s HLA typing the more we are able to assign DSA (post-transplant) and help in the diagnosis and treatment.
Component outage estimation based on Support Vector Machine

Predicting power system component outages in response to an imminent hurricane plays a major role in preevent planning and post-event recovery of the power system. An exact prediction of components states, however, is a challenging task and cannot be easily performed. In this paper, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) based method is proposed to help estimate the components states in response to anticipated path and intensity of an imminent hurricane. Components states are categorized into three classes of damaged, operational, and uncertain. The damaged components along with the components in uncertain class are then considered in multiple contingency scenarios of a proposed Event-driven Security-Constrained Unit Commitment (E-SCUC), which considers the simultaneous outage of multiple components under an N-m-u reliability criterion. Experimental results on the IEEE 118-bus test system show the merits and the effectiveness of the proposed SVM classifier and the E-SCUC model in improving power system resilience in response to extreme events.
Development and exploration of the gratitude model of body appreciation in women.

Abstract Although researchers and clinicians recognize the importance of positive body image for women’s well-being, development of theoretical frameworks for understanding positive body image has not kept pace with research documenting its many benefits. The present study proposed and tested a comprehensive model linking gratitude, contingent self-worth, social comparison, body appreciation, and intuitive eating. Path analysis indicated that this model fit the data for a sample of college and online community women (N = 263). Gratitude was indirectly linked to body appreciation via lower investment in self-worth based on appearance and others’ approval, and via lower engagement in eating and body comparison. Gratitude had a strong direct effect on body appreciation, and body appreciation accounted for a large portion (88%) of gratitude’s relationship with intuitive eating. These results provide strong preliminary support for the model, revealing that gratitude, which can be improved via intervention, plays a key role in body appreciation.
Automating the PathLinker app for Cytoscape

PathLinker is a graph-theoretic algorithm originally developed to reconstruct the interactions in a signaling pathway of interest. It efficiently computes multiple short paths within a background protein interaction network from the receptors to transcription factors (TFs) in a pathway. Since December 2015, PathLinker has been available as an app for Cytoscape. This paper describes how we automated the app to use the CyRest infrastructure and how users can incorporate PathLinker into their software pipelines.
Attorneys' Attitudes Toward Coaching Forensic Clients on the MMPI-2: Replication and Extension of Attorney Survey by Wetter and Corrigan (1995).

In this study we replicated and extended Wetter and Corrigan’s (1995) commonly cited convenience survey of attorneys and law students regarding their attitudes toward coaching litigants prior to fo...
Family Surveillance: Police and the Reporting of Child Abuse and Neglect

Police are responsible for producing about one-fifth of all reports of child abuse and neglect investigated by local child welfare agencies, and low-level interactions with police often result in the initiation of a child welfare investigation. Because police contact is not randomly or equitably distributed across populations, policing has likely spillover consequences on racial inequities in child welfare outcomes. This study shows that police file more reports of child abuse and neglect in counties with high arrest rates, and that policing helps explain high rates of maltreatment investigations of American Indian–Alaska Native children and families. The spatial and social distribution of policing affects which children and families experience unnecessary child protection interventions and which children who are victims of maltreatment go unnoticed.
Oxygen isotope analyses of ungulate tooth enamel confirm low seasonality of rainfall contributed to the African Humid Period in Somalia

Abstract During the African Humid Period (AHP), between ~14 and 5 ka, north and eastern Africa were much wetter and greener than they are today. Although the AHP has long been attributed to an increase in rainfall driven by orbital forcing, many details regarding the timing, pacing, and contributing moisture sources remain to be determined, especially for eastern Africa. Recent research suggests that both Atlantic and Indian Ocean moisture contributed to the AHP in eastern Africa. Large mammalian faunas from two Late Pleistocene/Holocene rockshelter sites in southern Somalia, Gogoshiis Qabe and Guli Waabayo, provide an unusual opportunity to investigate the AHP in an area of eastern Africa that is orographically isolated from Atlantic Ocean moisture. To track changes in aridity at these sites, we used the oxygen isotope aridity index, which exploits the difference in tooth enamel oxygen isotope (δ18O) values between evaporation insensitive obligate drinkers and evaporation sensitive non-obligate drinkers to calculate a water deficit value. Water deficit values calculated from dik-dik (Madoqua spp.; non-obligate drinkers) and warthog (Phacochoerus spp.; obligate drinkers) tooth enamel δ18O values at Gogoshiis Qabe and Guli Waabayo are in agreement and progressively increase toward the present. Additionally, two of three direct dated serially-sampled warthog teeth (ID 4032 and 4033) from Guli Waabayo demonstrate low seasonality of rainfall during much of the AHP (range in δ18O ≤ 1.8‰). One tooth (ID 4035) with high amplitude variability in δ18O values (3.1‰) dates to 8470 ± 66 cal yr B.P., a period identified as a lowstand in several lake level records. Our results suggest that regions isolated from Atlantic Ocean moisture likely experienced a less-pronounced AHP than those receiving moisture from multiple sources but indicate less seasonal variability than present. Our findings also support the presence of climate variability within the AHP.
Immigrants and Immigrant Health

Abstract Using the National Health Interview Survey (1989–2011), we document the Healthy Immigrant Effect (HIE)—immigrants are in better health upon arrival in the United States than their native counterparts, but this health advantage erodes over time—irrespective of the health measure, race/ethnicity, or gender. Further, most immigrant groups arrive lighter than natives and then converge towards their native counterparts, suggesting acculturation plays a role in explaining the HIE. Finally, we show that constraining the period effects to be the same for natives and immigrants may lead one to conclude there is no evidence of unhealthy assimilation, particularly if the rates at which natives and immigrants are becoming unhealthy differ from each other and change across time periods.
Building Social Capital through Community-Based Service-Learning in Teacher Education

In order to build connections with the community, our teacher education program undertook a participatory process for developing a comprehensive service-learning initiative. This case study examines the impact of the service-learning initiative on building social capital for the community and preservice teachers. The results show that using participatory processes that seek to provide reciprocal benefits for the university and community can build bridging social capital.
No-Charge Coronary Artery Calcium Screening for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment.

Current approaches in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease are based on probabilistic estimation using many widely available cardiovascular risks scores ([1][1]). Although clinical practice guidelines in the United States, Canada, and Europe endorse coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring as a
Qualitative and quantitative profiles of jejunal oligosaccharides and cecal short-chain fatty acids in broiler chickens receiving different dietary levels of fiber, protein and exogenous enzymes.

BACKGROUND Dietary supplemental carbohydrases are able to degrade non-starch polysaccharides and generate oligosaccharides in the gastrointestinal tract. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary fiber and protein levels on growth performance, nutrient utilization, digesta oligosaccharides profile and cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profile in broilers receiving diets supplemented with xylanase or protease individually or in combination. RESULTS Enzyme supplementation had no effect on growth performance. There was significant (P < 0.05) fiber × protein × xylanase interaction for ileal nitrogen digestibility and significant (P < 0.01) protein × xylanase × protease interaction for nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy. Birds fed high-fiber diets had higher (P < 0.05) jejunal oligosaccharides and cecal SCFA concentrations. Xylanase and protease combination produced the greatest pentose (Pent) levels in low fiber-adequate protein diets but lowest levels in highfiber-low protein diets. There was significant (P < 0.05) fiber × xylanase × protease interaction explained by the digesta concentrations of (Pent)3 , (Pent)4 and (Pent)5 being greatest (P < 0.5) in protease-only supplemented high-fiber diets but lowest in protease-only supplemented low-fiber diets. CONCLUSION These results suggest that, of all the factors investigated, dietary fiber level had the greatest effect on modulating digesta concentration of oligosaccharides and cecal SCFA. Evidence points to the fact that there is considerable capacity for generating pentose oligosaccharides in the digestive tract of broilers receiving diets rich in fibrous feedstuffs, and that this may have a beneficial effect on microbial profile in the digestive tract. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Practical utility of mixed methods research in pharmacy practice.

PURPOSE Our aim was to review key methodological concepts and provide a practical guide to employing mixed methods research to enhance pharmacy practice research. SUMMARY Mixed methods research provides multiple organized analytic perspectives to thoroughly investigate complex social and scientific problems in a methodologically rigorous manner. This research design incorporates collection and analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data components to create a thorough understanding of a complex question. The 5 most commonly identified reasons for conducting mixed methods research include triangulation, complementarity, development, initiation, and expansion of results. For research questions that benefit from mixed methods research, we review how to structure the study, including timing, sequencing, and prioritization of methods. Illustrative examples from the literature highlight the utility of this methodology for clinical and operational pharmacy research questions. CONCLUSION Mixed methods designs can enhance pharmacy research inquiry, provide a means to understand complicated issues, and uncover optimal interventions.
Study of the film boiling heat transfer and two-phase flow interface behavior using image processing

Abstract In the current study, based on a small-scale quench test facility, the two-phase flow interface behavior during quench transients is visualized and analyzed utilizing an image processing framework. The high-fidelity experimental results obtained for two-phase flow in the current framework can support various studies both in the time domain and in the frequency domain. In particular, visualization of the data obtained from different heating surfaces under different test conditions are used to perform a full-scale transient 2-D vapor film reconstruction. The liquid-vapor interface variations in various heat transfer regimes as well as at the initial film breakup point can be directly obtained through the processed data. Moreover, the temporal variation of the interfacial wave frequency approaching quench is investigated in detail. Based on the high-resolution data obtained for the liquid-vapor interface, the detailed phase velocity and temperature profiles are obtained through theoretic analysis, based on which the film boiling heat transfer coefficient (HTC) can be determined. In addition, an improved film boiling HTC model is developed considering the effects of wall superheat, liquid subcooling temperature, vapor film thickness as well as fluid properties. The model is found to predict film boiling HTC well within 15% error.
Association of disease activity and disability with rehabilitation utilization in African Americans with rheumatoid arthritis

OBJECTIVE To examine the association of disease activity and disability with rehabilitation utilization in African Americans with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional baseline data from the Consortium for the Longitudinal Evaluation of African Americans with RA (CLEAR) I and CLEAR II Registry. Disease activity was quantified with the Disease Activity Score 28 with C-Reactive Protein. Disability was measured with the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Rehabilitation utilization was determined by self-reported recall of physical therapy or occupational therapy visits in the prior 6 months or ever. We examined the association of disease activity and disability with rehabilitation utilization using separate binary logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals and adjusted for potential confounders. We repeated the analyses with the sample stratified by disease duration: early RA and established RA. RESULTS Of 1067 participants, 14% reported utilizing rehabilitation in the prior 6 months, and 41% reported ever utilizing rehabilitation. Rehabilitation utilization in the prior 6 months was similar among those with early and established RA (12% vs. 16%). A greater proportion of those with established RA reported any past rehabilitation utilization (28% vs. 50%). Among those with established RA but not early RA, worse disability was associated with rehabilitation utilization in the prior 6 months. Disease activity was not associated with either outcome. CONCLUSION Among African Americans with RA, rehabilitation utilization in the 6 months prior to assessment was low and associated with disability, but not disease activity. Factors driving rehabilitation utilization are unclear.
WS11.7 Feeding, growth and nutritional status of infants with CF diagnosed through newborn screening (NBS): Findings from a new multi-center study in the USA

Objective NBS for CF became universal in the USA in 2010. To identify optimal feeding for CF infants, a multi-center prospective study known as FIRST (Feeding Infants Right … from the STart) was initiated in 2012 to enroll 160 infants by 2016 at 5 CF Centers (Madison and Milwaukee, WI; Indianapolis, IN; Salt Lake City, UT; and Boston, MA). Method Nutritional status in the first year of life from 91 infants (52% boys) enrolled at 1.4±0.6 mo to FIRST was assessed biochemically and anthropometrically. By 31/12/14, 80 infants were 6 mo and 60 infants were 12 mo old. Result Growth was normal at birth [3210±505 g (41 st %tile) and 50.1±2.8 cm (63 rd %tile)] but declined to the 18 th %tile at age 2 mo. Catch-up growth was observed; weight increased to 33 rd %tile at 6 mo and 64 th %tile at 12 mo, but length did not fully recover at 12 mo (44 th %tile). At birth, 73% were breastfed: 65% exclusive (exB) and 8% combined with formula (B&F). The rate of exB decreased to 41% by 1 mo and 16% by 6 mo, while B&F and exF increased to 27% and 57%, respectively, at 6 mo. In the first 6 mo of life, 60% of infants received fortified breast milk or high caloric density formula (22–30 kcal/oz). Abnormal essential fatty acid status was common before age 3 mo with 18% deficient [triene-tetraene (T/T) ratio >0.02] and another 18% insufficient (T/T ratio >0.01). Low vitamin D [25(OH)D Conclusion This new infant study shows that early diagnosis/care leads to substantial catch-up growth but biochemical nutritional status remains suboptimal. (Funded by NIH/CFF).