cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Social Support, Activities, and Recovery from Serious Mental Illness: STARS Study Findings

Research on the role of social support in recovery from severe mental illness is limited and even more limited is research on the potential effects of participating in various activities. This study explores these relationships by analyzing baseline data from a 153-participant subsample in the Study of Transitions and Recovery Strategies. Higher scores on the recovery assessment scale were related to both social support/network size and engagement in more activities. The particular nature of the activities (more/less social, more/less physically active, inside/outside the home) was not important, rather, activities of any type were related to recovery. Furthermore, engagement in activities was more important as levels of social support declined. The results suggest that both social support and activities may promote recovery, and that for persons with poor social support, engagement in a variety of individualized activities may be particularly beneficial.
DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES IN PORPHYRA (RHODOPHYCEAE). III. EFFECT OF CULTURE CONDITIONS ON WALL REGENERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF PROTOPLASTS1

Protoplasts isolated from thalli of four Porphyra species regenerated successfully into differentiated plantlets. The efficiency of protoplast isolation and the developmental patterns of the regenerating protoplasts depended on the type of tissues from which they were isolated. However, culture conditions greatly influenced the patterns of development at the cellular and organismal levels. Sorbitol, nitrogen, and agar concentration in the medium controlled rates of cell division, thickening of cell walls, development of rhizoids, and formation of calluses or differentiated blades. Agitation disturbed the attachment of the protoplasts to a substrate. Cells in agitated cultures produced suspensions of single cells and non-polarized small calluses. Calluses which developed from protoplasts survived in storage for over two years. The stored calluses, and cells and protoplasts that were isolated from them, were subcultured successfully. We forsee extensive use of Porphyra cell suspensions for strain selection and vegetative propagation of cultivars. This technology, which makes vegetative cloning of selected Porphyra plants possible, may eliminate the need for cultivation and storage of the conchocelis phase. Protoplasts are also being used as tools for studies in genetic engineering of these commercial species.
Bridging the Gap Between Schools and Community: Organizing for Family Involvement in a Low-Income Neighborhood

A case study of community psychology consultation illustrates the assessment, collaboration, and organizing activities dictated by an open-systems, ecologically oriented approach to building structures that bridge the gap between school and community. Three types of participation structures are identified: (a) family to school communication; (b) communication among families; and (c) an active, family-run organization. Bridging activities include special event and program planning along with spontaneous moments of opportunity that express family and neighborhood interests. The entry, assessment, and development of bridging activities in search for more permanent structures is described in the context of the school district and its historical relation to the neighborhood. Questions addressed include, How can low-income families be involved in schools in ways that benefit both their own empowerment and the well-being of their children? Where do barriers exist for meaningful participation of families in schoo...
A Comparison of Bronchodilator Responses to Albuterol Delivered by Ultrasonic Versus Jet Nebulization in Moderate to Severe Asthma

Background Nebulization of beta-agonists is preferred as a mode of treatment in moderate to severe asthma. Few studies, however, have compared its use in this population using an ultrasonic versus a jet nebulizer. Objective The purpose of the study was to compare bronchodilator responses to albuterol between an ultrasonic and a jet nebulizer in moderate to severe asthma. Methods Fifteen stable, moderately to severely asthmatic patients were randomized to receive the ultrasonic or jet nebulizer for 2 weeks. They were then crossed over for an additional 2 weeks. Albuterol was the agent used. The bronchodilator response was measured at baseline, and up to four hours after treatment with each nebulizer. Daily peak flows were then done for 2 weeks. Results The maximal percentage of increase in FEV 1 at 30 minutes using the ultrasonic nebulizer was 39.9 ± 8% (P (P = .005) using the jet nebulizer. There were no other differences between the ultrasonic and the jet nebulizer in FEV 1 or FVC during the 4-hour spirometry. During the home trial, the difference in evening PEFR between the jet nebulizer (69.05 ± 14.9 L/min) and the ultrasonic nebulizer (90.11 ± 18.7 L/min) was significant (P = .04). Conclusions In summary, the ultrasonic and jet nebulizers produced comparable bronchodilator responses to albuterol in stable, moderately to severely asthmatic patients.
Purification and properties of dimethylallylpyrophosphate: Tryptophan dimethylallyl transferase, the first enzyme of ergot alkaloid biosynthesis in Claviceps. sp. SD 58

Abstract Dimethylallylpyrophosphate: l -tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase (DMAT synthetase), the first pathway-specific enzyme of ergot alkaloid biosynthesis, has been isolated from mycelia of Claviceps sp., strain SD 58, and purified to apparent homogeneity. The enzyme reaction products were identified as l -4-(γ,γ-dimethylallyl)tryptophan and inorganic pyrophosphate. DMAT synthetase is a single subunit protein of molecular weight 70,000–73,000 and has an isoelectric point at pH 5.8. The enzyme is activated by Fe2+, Mg2+, and particularly Ca2+; Km values for l -tryptophan and dimethylallylpyrophosphate were determined to be 0.067 and 0.2 m m , respectively. Kinetic analysis indicated that the DMAT synthetase reaction proceeds by a sequential rather than a ping-pong mechanism.
Robot-assisted thymectomy is superior to transsternal thymectomy.

Background Complete thymectomy is the procedure of choice in the treatment of thymomas and in treating selected patients with myasthenia gravis. Transsternal thymectomy is the gold standard for most patients. Robot-assisted thymectomy has emerged as an alternative to open transsternal surgery. The goal of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes in patients who underwent transsternal or robot-assisted thymectomy.
Carcass mass gains of steers grazing star grass, with different stocking rates and levels of applied nitrogen

Abstract Carcass mass gains of steers grazing dryland Cynodon aethiopicus cv. No. 2 Star grass pastures during the growing season were determined for each of 16 treatments comprising four levels of nitrogen fertilisation in combination with four overlapping sets of stocking rates. The treatments were repeated over four growing seasons. Patterns of response of carcass mass gain per steer and per hectare were established for each season by means of quadratic multiple regression equations. Similar equations were fitted to the mean herbage yields over the season. These indicated that the amount of herbage on offer per steer was the major factor affecting animal gain. However, there was a marked difference in the pattern of response between the first and the latter three seasons. This is attributed mainly to the differences in mass and condition of the animals at the start of each season and pasture maturation.
Forward characteristics of P + PN + and P + NN + diodes on 6H-SiC

Abstract 6H-SiC P+PN+ junction diodes are fabricated and the forward current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics are compared with identical P+NN+ diodes in a temperature range of room temperature to 300°C. While the room temperature I–V characteristics of P+NN+ diodes are more or less linear after turn-on at ∼10 A/cm2, the I–V characteristics of P+PN+ diodes show a non-linear behavior (self-adjusting emitting efficiency) even after turn-on, indicating a variation in the on-state resistance with increase in forward current. Results have shown that P+PN+ diodes exhibit higher forward current density compared to P+NN+ diodes on 6H-SiC after a certain forward bias. The superior forward performance on P+PN+ diode is attributed to the high injection efficiency and low carrier recombination. The forward performance of P+PN+ diodes with an ideal ohmic contact structure is also investigated.
The new urgency of effective arms control cooperation

The Nuclear Non‐Proliferation Treaty (NPT), signed in 1968, is a treaty of three main agreements concerning both nuclear weapons states and non‐nuclear weapons states, with the ultimate goal of nuclear disarmament. A number of safeguards and inspections conducted by the IAEA have been set up to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and until about the time of the Persian Gulf War, the monitoring and inspection regime had been successful. Since the beginning of the 1990s however, the system has been seriously shaken with the non‐compliance of a number of countries and the relevance and effectiveness of the NPT are greatly put into question. A number of tools, however, are at the disposal of the international community to deal with arms control; it is a question of cooperation, effective use of these tools and choice of direction.
Characteristics and Elimination of Vibration Transfer on Small- and Medium-Sized Turbo Generators

Vibration control is important for the safe and stable operation of generator units. The vibration transfer characteristics of small- and medium-sized turbo generators are different from those of large capacity units due to differences in mechanical structures. We point out that the vibration on small- and medium-sized turbo generators propagates through their foundation from one bearing to another, rather than through the shafting. In particular, transmission of horizontal vibration measured on bearings is found to be more significant compared with vertical and axial vibration due to the height of the bearing pedestal. We demonstrate through three successful diagnostic practices the process of vibration transmission on small and medium-sized turbo generators. The present work can serve as a reference for the same type of unit as well as other similarly structured rotating machineries.
Ethics and giftedness

Is there an ethical giftedness, and if so, what does it look like? In this article, I consider why ethical behavior is much harder to come by than one would expect. Ethically gifted individuals are able to complete a series of eight steps to action, the failure of any one of which may result in a person, even one who is ethically well trained, to act in a manner that lacks the translation of ethical knowledge into action. Wise people are those who use their abilities for a common good as determined by positive ethical values. Many people identified as gifted through traditional means are nevertheless lacking in ethical gifts, in part because socialization may not reward them for the development of ethical patterns of behavior.
Influence of Age on the Growth of Sarcoma 180

To determine the influence of age upon the growth of sarcoma 180, the following experimental procedures were initiated: Three inoculation series, each comprising 30 mice, were used. The technic of inoculation, the method of recording the data, and the control of the nutritional state were as described in earlier publications (1, 2). Each inoculation series contained 15 young mice, weighing approximately 20 gm., and 15 old mice, 27–30 gm. Of these series two were made up of males, the other of females. The young mice were virgins approximately two to three months of age. The old females had gone through three or four pregnancies. The age of the mature mice was approximately ten months.
Making Samba: A New History of Race and Music in Brazil

Making Samba manages to accomplish a very difficult feat – making new and revealing arguments about the rise of samba in early twentieth-century Brazil and the people who created the music. A great...
Inhibition of thrombus formation by activated recombinant protein C in a primate model of arterial thrombosis.

Activated protein C (APC) is an antithrombotic enzyme. The therapeutic potential of infused human recombinant APC (rAPC) was studied in a primate model of platelet-dependent thrombosis. Eight baboons with chronic femoral arteriovenous shunts received rAPC infusions for 1 hour. The shunts were extended with 5-cm long, 4-mm-i.d. thrombogenic Dacron graft segments for the time of infusion. The plasma level of the enzyme, the blood flow in the shunt, and the deposition of indium-111-labeled platelets and iodine-125 fibrinogen on the graft were measured. The influence of rAPC infused at doses of 0.25 and 1.0 mg/kg-hr was compared with the effects of control infusions of saline. Five of eight control grafts occluded within 60 minutes, whereas there was no change in the blood flow during rAPC infusion. Deposition of platelets was inhibited by 13 +/- 10% and by 42 +/- 13% (mean +/- SEM) after 30 minutes of infusion at the two doses, which gave rise to circulating rAPC plasma concentrations of 0.4 and 1.9 mg/l, respectively. Both doses significantly inhibited fibrin deposition in the graft. Circulating plasma markers of thrombus formation and of fibrinolysis did not increase significantly during rAPC infusion; measurements of bleeding time were also within normal limits. Thus, rAPC, like human plasma-derived APC, inhibited thrombus formation without impairing primary hemostasis.
Modeling of microbial growth under dual limitations

Abstract Several unstructured models for microbial growth under dual substrate limitations have been proposed. As presented, these models apply only to substrate limitations of the Monod type. A more general model for microbial growth under any form of dual limitation is presented here. The new model also allows a variable extent of interaction between the two limiting factors.
Syntactic filtering of ECG waveforms.

Abstract A syntactic algorithm for filtering ECG waveforms is described in this paper. The algorithm can also be used for reducing the number of points representing the digitized ECG waveform. The formalism of attribute grammars is used to describe the algorithm which has been implemented with a program that parses the ECG waveforms in linear time. Two parameters are utilized for defining the size of the pulses to be considered as noise and this increases the flexibility of the algorithm. Application examples as well as the description of the experimental setup which was used is also given. Key words: syntactic filtering, syntactic pattern recognition, digital signal processing, ECG waveforms.
Bacterial growth yields on EDTA, NTA, and their biodegradation intermediates

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) are widely used anthropogenic chelating agents for control of metal speciation and are ubiquitous in natural waters and wastewaters. This is the first report of systematic measurement of the growth yields of a mixed culture (BNC1-BNC2) on EDTA and its biodegradation intermediates, and of Aminobacter aminovorans (aka Chelatobacter heintzii) ATCC 29600 on NTA and its biodegradation intermediates. The yields measured for BNC1-BNC2 co-culture were 75.0 g of cell dry weight (CDW) (mole of EDTA)−1, 68.6 g of CDW (mole of ED3 A)−1, 51.2 g of CDW (mole of N,N′-EDDA)−1, 34.5 g of CDW (mole of ED)−1, 26.3 g of CDW (mole of IDA)−1, 12.2 g of CDW (mole of glycine)−1, and 9.7 g of CDW (mole of glyoxylate)−1. The yields measured for A. aminovorans were 44.3 g of CDW (mole of NTA)−1, 37.9 g of CDW (mole of IDA)−1, 15.2 g of CDW (mole of glycine)−1, and 10.4 g of CDW (mole of glyoxylate)−1. The biodegradation pathways of EDTA, NTA, and several of their metabolic intermediates include reactions catalyzed by oxygenase enzymes, which may reduce energy available for cell synthesis. Comparison of measured yields with predicted yields indicates that the effect of oxygenase reaction on cell yield can be quantified experimentally as well as modeled based on thermodynamics.
Predicting Measures of Motor Performance from Multiple Cortical Spike Trains

Recordings have been obtained simultaneously from several, individually selected neurons in the motor cortex of unanesthetized monkey as the animal performed simple arm movements. With the use of comparatively simple quantitative procedures, the activity of small sets of cells was found to be adequate for rather accurate real-time prediction of the time course of various response measurements. In addition, the results suggest that hypotheses concerning the response variables "controlled" by cortical motor systems may well depend upon whether or not the temporal relations between simultaneously active neurons are taken into account.
A hybrid computation environment for multibody simulation

Abstract A simulation architecture capable of generating the dynamical equations of a multibody system symbolically, automatically creating the computer code to simulate these equations numerically, run the simulation and display the results using animation and graphics is discussed. The power of object-oriented programming is used systematically to manipulate the symbolic, numeric and graphic modules and produce an effective tool for understanding the complicated motions of multibody systems. The architecture has been implemented in OOPSS (Object-Oriented Planar System Simulator) a software package written in a multilanguage ( macsyma–fortran–lisp ) environment. The package supports user interface capable of interactively modifying system parameters, change runtime initial conditions and introduce feedback control.
Error in Dielectric-Film Ellipsometer Determinations due to Neglect of Film Absorption*

The error in the calculated refractive index of an absorbing dielectric film, which is determined by approximate equations that neglect absorption, is influenced by the true refractive index of the film and the controllable parameters—substrate and measuring wavelength. For a given absorption coefficient (k) the error is greatest for low refractive index. In tests over the visible spectrum and an assumed n = 1.4 and k = 0.01, Al and Ag give an error >100A. The error using Cu and Au is small below a transition point near 5000 A (about 10A) and increases sharply thereafter, so that an absorption coefficient of 0.001 can give appreciable error above the transition point. Cr and steel are relatively independent of wavelength although they give an error somewhat greater than Au or Cu below the transition wavelengths of the latter. The approximate equations which neglect absorption give two relations for calculation of thickness. It is shown why one of these equations gives an insignificant error when small absorption is present and an independently determined refractive index is used in the thickness calculation.
Light induced dipole layers in the thylakoid membrane

From the characteristics of the light induced spectral changes of the bulk dyes in the thylakoid membrane, it is shown that the rate limiting step of valinomycin facilitated potassium transport across the thylakoid membrane is the dissociation of the ion carrier complex at the surface of the membrane. Junge & Schmid (1971) reported a hyperbolic sine relation between the magnitude of the light induced spectral changes and their initial decay rate after short flashes of light of varying intensity. A simple theoretical model is derived based on the generation of two dipole layers at the surfaces of the membrane that exhibits the hyperbolic sine behavior. This model allows one to calculate a light induced surface potential change of 80 mV at each surface of the membrane and to estimate an effective surface capacitance on the order of 140 μF/cm−2. A simple equivalent circuit is proposed that relates the surface charge displacements to the apparent transmembrane transport of protonic and other ionic charge carriers and relates the decay rate of the light induced absorbance change to the appropriate membrane parameters.
Wideband correlators for radio astronomy

A description of modern wideband digital correlators being developed at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) for radio astronomy is presented. The NRAO is developing several modern wideband instruments for spectroscopic analysis in radio astronomy. One instrument now in the system test phase is a spectrometer intended for use on the 100 meter Green Bank Telescope (GBT) being constructed by the NRAO. This spectrometer has a maximum bandwidth of 6.4 GHz comprised of 8 separate 800-MHz-wide segments and can develop 16,384 points of spectral resolution in its wideband mode. Factor of 2 trade-offs between bandwidth and resolution can be made. In an alternate narrow bandwidth mode, the GBT spectrometer can develop spectra with 262,144 point resolution over a maximum bandwidth of 1600 MHz comprised of 32 separate 50-MHz-wide segments, again with bandwidth/resolution trade-offs possible. Additional spectrometers being built or planned using hardware developed for the GBT system include a spectrometer for the NRAO 12 Meter Telescope in Tucson and a test correlator for the proposed Millimeter Array (MMA). A design for the final MMA correlator is also being studied at the NRAO. The MMA is projected to be an aperture synthesis array consisting of about 40 radio telescopes (the exact array size is currently uncertain). The correlator proposed for the MMA will be able to analyze the auto- and cross-spectra of the array output with a bandwidth of up to 16 GHz per antenna.
Treatment of Depression in Adolescents with Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Medications: A Commentary on the TADS Project.

This article reviews and comments on the recent Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) that found that cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) was less efficacious than fluoxetine alone and no more efficacious than pill placebo in the treatment of depression in adolescents. Adding CBT to fluoxetine, however, improved treatment response in terms of both the reduction of depressive symptoms and the prevention of harm-related adverse events, including suicide risk. The TADS project was impressive in many respects and generally conducted well. However, the version of CBT used in this study was a novel amalgamation of different approaches, and may have tried to do too much in an overly structured fashion, thereby possibly tying the hands of the more experienced therapists in the trial. We question, therefore, the adequacy with which CBT was implemented and the representativeness of the findings. To explore these issues, we recommend that (a) the results be broken down by therapist and site, and (b) the CBT as implemented in TADS be compared to that provided in other studies that have found greater change in adolescent depression. Finally, we also question whether it was premature to move to large multisite effectiveness trials before establishing the relative efficacy of the respective interventions.
Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Quantum Field Theory

An analysis of the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in three dimensional electrodynamics is described. It is argued that this model, when treated in a 1/ N expansion, does exhibit spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. This is established by finding analytic and numer· ical solutions to the Dyson-Schwinger equation and then computing the composite-operator effective potential. During the fifty years since Y uka wa proposed the J[ meson as the intermediary of nuclear forces, our view of this particle has continued to evolve. We now know it to be a quark-antiquark composite, and in quantum chromodynamics, QCD, we have a strong interaction theory that may well describe its dynamics and that of the other hadrons. Among all the hadrons, however, the 1f meson is believed to play a special role. The underlying theory of strong interactions posseses a near chiral symmetry, SU(2h X SU(2) R, because of the approximate masslessness of the up and down quarks. This symmetry must then break spontaneously in order to explain the effective 300 MeV masses that these quarks appear to possess as the constituents of hadrons. The spontaneous breaking of any continuous symmetry necessarily leads to the existence of massless Goldstone bosons, and in the case of chiral symmetry, the 1f mesons approximately play this role. The small bare mass of the up and down quarks leads to a small mass for 1f mesons 1
Population sizes of two marine snails with a changing food supply

Abstract Populations of Thais emarginata (Deshayes) were observed for a 6-yr period on San Juan Island, Washington, and observations are here compared with similar ones for T. lamellosa (Gmelin). Movement patterns were dictated by the locations of spawning sites. Because spawning sites were scarce, net movements for T. emarginata were smaller than for T. lamellosa , despite the latter's communal egg-laying and habitual return to the same spawning group. Sizes of populations of both species were moderate in 1968, subsequently declined, and then increased to the highest levels in 1973 after many juveniles survived from the year-classes of 1971 and 1972. These population changes corresponded roughly to changes in the food supply. Recruitment varied irregularly from year to year, but patterns were different in adjacent areas, and inter-population differences were of the same order as interspecific ones. T. emarginata generally has a higher mortality rate than T. lamellosa , corresponding to the harsher physical regime of the upper shore. Population numbers of these two species appear to change similarly in response to events in their common environment at this site; observations on T. lamellosa on a larger scale, however, lend doubts to the suggested synchrony.
In situ STM study of Au(111)/Os bimetallic surfaces: spontaneous deposition and electrochemical dissolution.

We provide an electrochemical and structural characterization by in situ STM of Au(111)/Os electrodes prepared by spontaneous deposition of Os on Au(111). Surfaces with Os coverage values up to the saturation coverage were examined, from 10%. Using comparisons to previous work on Au(111)/Ru, Pt(111)/Ru, and Pt(111)/Os, we find that we may now generalize that Os deposits spontaneously faster than Ru and has a greater tendency to form 3-D structures. Additionally, the Au(111) substrate shows preferential step and near-step decoration in both cases, although it is less pronounced for Os than Ru. We also investigated the incremental dissolution of the Os from Au(111), to better understand electrochemical dissolution processes in general and to better control the Os deposit structure. The application of controlled electrochemical treatments (cyclic voltammetry up to increasingly positive values) significantly increased the dispersion of the Os deposit by generating smaller, more widely spaced islands. Upon vol...
Amyloodiniosis in Cultured Hybrid Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis × M. chrysops) in North Carolina

Abstract An outbreak of amyloodiniosis in pondcultured hybrid striped bass × white bass (female Morone saxatilis × male M. chrysops) is the northernmost documented outbreak caused by an endemic source in fish of the western Atlantic. Dinospores produced by this isolate of Amyloodinium ocellatum were anteroposteriorly flattened, as contrasted with the gymnodinoid dinospores of the A. ocellatum-type species, suggesting that more than one strain or species of A. ocellatum may exist.
Education: nationally achievable solutions.

Despite the efficacy of hypertension treatment, knowledge and compliance remain poor in Hispanic patients because of language barriers, low educational levels, and cultural differences. Yet effective physician—patient communication is crucial to patient compliance, satisfaction, and understanding of medical issues. Physicians and health care providers therefore need to develop “cultural competence” skills to achieve effective health education and good treatment outcomes in this patient population. Various strategies such as mnemonic devices can help practitioners communicate with Hispanic patients. National initiatives and research studies continue to address the provision of culturally and linguistically appropriate health care.
Optimizing transport security risk analysis/emergency response preparedness

Abstract The transport security is very important for AREVA group and the nuclear business in general. Because the transports are on the public field they are more sensitive for the persons and the environment. In order to optimise the AREVA group transport security and the effective implementation of nuclear safety charters the Business Unit Logistics puts in place in 2006 a specific organisation with a reinforced team and some new processes. The scope is the transportation of nuclear materials and contaminated equipment representing a specific risk to the group (safety, physical protection, industrial and media). The main BU LOGISTICS assignments are:(i) to provide customised services to every BU of the group(ii) to certify and control external subcontractors chosen with BU's consent(iii) to supply all support for BU's in the field of:(a) transportation preparation and organisation(b) emergency management(c) monitoring of regulations(d) technical expertise associated with transportation.This paper will ...
Peephole displays: pen interaction on spatially aware handheld computers

The small size of handheld computers provides theconvenience of mobility at the expense of reduced screen space for display and interaction. Prior research has identified the value of spatially aware displays, in which a position-tracked display provides a window on a larger virtual workspace. This paper builds on that work by suggesting two-handed interaction techniques combining pen input with spatially aware displays. Enabling simultaneous navigation and manipulation yields the ability to create and edit objects larger than the screen and to drag and drop in 3-D. Four prototypes of the Peephole Display hardware were built, and several Peephole-augmented applications were written, including a drawing program, map viewer, and calendar. Multiple applications can be embedded into a personal information space anchored to the user's physical reference frame. A usability study with 24 participants shows that the Peephole technique can be more effective than current methods for navigating information on handheld computers.
Tardive Dyskinesia: Possible Involvement of Free Radicals and Treatment With Vitamin E

A decade ago a hypothesis introduced to explain tardive dyskinesia (TD) implicated free radicals generated secondary to neuroleptic treatment. Since then many preclinical and clinical studies have investigated this possibility. These studies suggest that free radicals are probably involved in the pathogenesis of TD and that vitamin E could be efficacious in its treatment.
Nondiscriminatory career counseling

Client data from nine church-related career development centers were studied with two questions in mind: (1) How well do the client assessment rating data predict the counselor recommendations given to clients? (2) Are there discriminatory effects due to referral source and/or to gender? Analyses were done separately for Professional Church Workers and Candidates. In addition to a general profile of these two client types, findings show that assessment ratings account for most of the explained variance in recommendations, and that neither client gender nor referral source is a basis for discrimination in recommendations. Counselor gender does make a difference, however, and differences between men and women counselors suggest the useful distinction between gender bias and gender effect.
Human adaptation: Manage climate-induced resettlement

Governments need research and guidelines to help them to move towns and villages threatened by global warming, argue David Lopez-Carr and Jessica Marter-Kenyon.
The Pt-U (Platinum-Uranium) system

The Pt-U phase diagram is based entirely on the work of [60Par] in which thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and metallographic techniques were used. Alloys in the range of 45 to 75 at.% Pt displayed evidence of reaction with the BeO crucible and silica tubing used in these analyses. Thermal analysis data for samples containing these impurities were discarded, and the later sample preparations were performed by wrapping the sample in molybdenum to prevent the contamination reactions. [71Erd] and [73Erd] noted the formation of PtsU and Pt3U by coupled reductions of UO2 with Pt in the presence of purified hydrogen.
Late and Peaceful: Iceland's Conversion Through Arbitration in 1000

L'Islande est un pays remarquable en ce qui concerne son acceptation volontaire, paisible et immediate du christianisme en l'an 1000 par le corps legislatif et juridique. L'A. souligne l'importance du christianisme celte et presente le genie des islandais dans leur resolution du conflit par l'arbitrage et suggere une connexion possible entre ces deux caracteristiques.
Low-complexity sequential probability estimation and universal compression for binary sequences with constrained distributions

Two low-complexity methods are proposed for sequential probability assignment for binary independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) individual sequences with empirical distributions whose governing parameters are known to be bounded within a limited interval. The methods can be applied to different problems where fast accurate estimation of the maximizing sequence probability is very essential to minimizing some loss. Such applications include applications in finance, learning, channel estimation and decoding, prediction, and universal compression. The application of the new methods to universal compression is studied, and their universal coding redundancies are analyzed. One of the methods is shown to achieve the minimax redundancy within the inner region of the limited parameter interval. The other method achieves better performance on the region boundaries and is more robust numerically to outliers. Simulation results support the analysis of both methods. While non-asymptotically the gains may be significant over standard methods that maximize the probability over the complete parameter simplex, asymptotic gains are in second order. However, these gains translate to meaningful significant factor gains in other applications, such as financial ones. Moreover, the methods proposed generate estimators that are constrained within a given interval throughout the complete estimation process which are essential to applications such as sequential binary channel crossover estimation. The results for the binary case lay the foundation to studying larger alphabets.
Distal cT2N0 rectal cancer: is there an alternative to abdominoperineal resection?

Purpose Patients with cT2N0 distal rectal cancer do not require adjuvant therapy. However, when a patient refuses an abdominoperineal resection (APR), is there an alternative? The purpose of this trial is to determine whether preoperative external-beam radiation therapy can increase the rate of sphincter preservation for patients with distal cT2N0 adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Patients and Methods Between April 1988 and October 2003, 27 patients with distal rectal adenocarcinoma staged T2 by clinical and/or endorectal ultrasound who were judged by the operating surgeon to require an APR were treated with preoperative pelvic radiation alone (50.4 Gy). Surgery was performed 4 to 7 weeks later. If pathologic positive pelvic nodes were identified, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended. The median follow-up was 55 months (range, 9 to 140 months). Results The pathologic complete response rate was 15% and 78% of patients underwent a sphincter-sparing procedure. The crude incidence of local failure ...
Cellular Telephone Systems: Queueing, Blocking and Guardbands

In this talk, we consider a service system having a finite number of servers and two classes of traffic, which arrive to the system according to independent Poisson processes. The service system has a guardband, which is a specified number of idle servers below which access will not be granted to the lower priority customers. Newly arriving lower priority customers join a finite queue if the number of servers available at the time of their arrival is less than the guardband. Meanwhile, the higher priority call requests are granted immediate service unless all servers are busy, in which case the call is dropped. We present a simple, novel approach to solving for the equilibrium probabilities for the number of lower priority calls in the queue. Additionally, we discuss blocking probabilities and other quantities of interest as a function of system parameters through the use of numerical examples.
FS-Miner: efficient and incremental mining of frequent sequence patterns in web logs

Mining frequent patterns is an important component of many prediction systems. One common usage in web applications is the mining of users' access behavior for the purpose of predicting and hence pre-fetching the web pages that the user is likely to visit.In this paper we introduce an efficient strategy for discovering frequent patterns in sequence databases that requires only two scans of the database. The first scan obtains support counts for subsequences of length two. The second scan extracts potentially frequent sequences of any length and represents them as a compressed frequent sequences tree structure (FS-tree). Frequent sequence patterns are then mined from the FS-tree. Incremental and interactive mining functionalities are also facilitated by the FS-tree. As part of this work, we developed the FS-Miner, a system that discovers frequent sequences from web log files. The FS-Miner has the ability to adapt to changes in users' behavior over time, in the form of new input sequences, and to respond incrementally without the need to perform full re-computation. Our system also allows the user to change the input parameters (e.g., minimum support and desired pattern size) interactively without requiring full re-computation in most cases.We have tested our system comparing it against two other algorithms from the literature. Our experimental results show that our system scales up linearly with the size of the input database. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent adaptability to support threshold decreases. We also show that the incremental update capability of the system provides significant performance advantages over full re-computation even for relatively large update sizes.
Performance modeling in action: Performance prediction of a Cray XT4 system during upgrade

We present predictive performance models of two of the petascale applications, S3D and GTC, from the DOE Office of Science workload. We outline the development of these models and demonstrate their validation on an Opteron/Infiniband cluster and the pre-upgrade ORNL Jaguar system (Cray XT3/XT4). Given the high accuracy of the full application models, we predict the performance of the Jaguar system after the upgrade of its nodes, and subsequently compare this to the actual performance of the upgraded system. We then analyze the performance of the system based on the models to quantify bottlenecks and potential optimizations. Finally, the models are used to quantify the benefits of alternative node allocation strategies.
A measurement of G with a cryogenic torsion pendulum.

A measurement of Newton9s gravitational constant G has been made with a cryogenic torsion pendulum operating below 4 K in a dynamic mode in which G is determined from the change in torsional period when a field source mass is moved between two orientations. The source mass was a pair of copper rings that produced an extremely uniform gravitational field gradient, whereas the pendulum was a thin fused silica plate, a combination that minimized the measurement9s sensitivity to error in pendulum placement. The measurement was made using an as-drawn CuBe torsion fibre, a heat-treated CuBe fibre, and an as-drawn Al5056 fibre. The pendulum operated with a set of different large torsional amplitudes. The three fibres yielded high Q -values: 82 000, 120 000 and 164 000, minimizing experimental bias from fibre anelasticity. G -values found with the three fibres are, respectively: {6.67435(10),6.67408(15),6.67455(13)}×10 −11 m 3 kg −1 s −2 , with corresponding uncertainties 14, 22 and 20 ppm. Relative to the CODATA2010 G -value, these are higher by 77, 37 and 107 ppm, respectively. The unweighted average of the three G -values, with the unweighted average of their uncertainties, is 6.67433(13)×10 −11 m 3 kg −1 s −2 (19 ppm).
The relationship of parenting styles and social competency to type a behavior in children

This study examined parenting styles, Type A behavior in parents and children, and social competence in children. Fifty 1st-6th grade children, parents, and their teachers participated. Type A behavior in parents was associated with a controlling style of parenting, but not with pressuring the child to achieve. Parenting styles of achievement pressure and high control were related to impatient and aggressive behaviors in children, as measured by the MYTH, a teacher-scored Type A behavior instrument. In addition, impatience and aggressiveness in the children were negatively correlated with the child's social competency and ability to function in school. Parenting practices, Type A behavior, and social competency in children may play important roles in the origins of detrimental components of Type A behavior, such as impatience and aggression.
A modeling strategy with event structures for hybrid systems

A candidate model for hybrid systems is proposed. A hybrid system consists of a continuous-time system interacting with a decision-making system. Such systems occur every time a continuous-time process is supervised by a decision-maker. Examples of hybrid systems include flexible manufacturing systems and variable structure control systems. A graphically expressive Petri net models the decision-making system, and a state model represents the continuous-time system. Two event-based interfacing functions, the transition enabling function and the actuator function, transmit information between the two components of the hybrid system. The precise definition of an elementary event is given. Structures for combining elementary events to create a macro-events are described. The hybrid system model is compared with another Petri-net-based model, called C-net, used for the control of flexible manufacturing systems. >
Quantitative studies on the malignant transformation of mouse prostate cells by carcinogenic hydrocarbons in vitro.

A quantitative system for producing malignant transformation of adult C3H mouse ventral prostate cells in culture with carcinogenic hydrocarbons has been developed. Aneuploid cell lines derived from mouse prostate are plated at a low density on a feeder layer and treated with various hydrocarbons for different lengths of time; other dishes are treated with 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (the solvent for the hydrocarbons) as controls. After 8 days some dishes are fixed and stained and the colonies are counted for total plating efficiency. Two weeks later other dishes are also fixed and stained. In the DMSO controls, the cells remain as a monolayer. In the carcinogen-treated dishes, piled-up multilayered colonies are seen and their frequency is scored. It has been shown that each of such piled-up colonies gives rise to fibrosarcomas in mice, whereas the cells obtained from the monolayer areas of treated dishes do not cause tumors. Thus, these piled-up colonies represent malignant transformation, under conditions where no spontaneous malignant transformation occurs. There is an excellent quantitative correlation between the carcinogenic activities of eight hydrocarbons and the transformation frequencies they produce in this system. Malignant transformation has been produced by treatment with methylcholanthrene for only one day. The acquisition of heat sensitivity is an early consequence of malignant transformation in this system.
2D, Quasi 3D and 3D Exact Solutions for Bending of Thick and Thin Sandwich Plates

A previous author's work related to the exact solution of a single layer isotropic plate is extended to the case of multilayered plate structures composed of isotropic layers. The method solves a f...
Comorbidity of LD and ADHD: Implications of DSM-5 for Assessment and Treatment

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disability (LD) can co-occur for a significant minority of children with each disorder. A total of 17 studies (2001–2011) examining ADHD-LD comorbidity were reviewed, revealing a higher mean comorbidity rate (45.1%) than has been obtained previously. Higher comorbidity may be the result of including students with writing disorders, not just reading and/or math disabilities. Proposed DSM-5 criteria for both disorders will likely affect comorbidity rates; however, it is unclear whether such rates will increase or decrease. Regardless of the specific impact of DSM revisions, academic skill and/or performance deficits should be assessed for students with ADHD as part of screening, comprehensive evaluation, and treatment monitoring. Comprehensive intervention services for students with comorbid ADHD and LD will require empirically supported treatment strategies that address both disorders and that are implemented across school and home settings.
Information flows in events of political unrest

Social media, as the set of tools typified by blogs and other social networking platforms, is creating a user-generated dynamic, complex information ecosystem. The flow of information across multiple platforms means that traditional media gatekeepers (newspapers and other ‘mainstream media’) become just one of many pathways by which we learn about and make sense of new information. This research note reports preliminary results of a study based on a dataset of more than 65 million tweets related to the Occupy Wall Street movement, coupled with searches of LexisNexis, to examine information about six events related to Occupy sites in Maine, New York City, Oakland, and the University of California Davis. The study seeks to understand the relationships among newspapers, blogs, and Twitter as users of each platform report and comment on these events. The preliminary results suggest that the platforms perform distinct but overlapping roles at different periods in the information diffusion life cycle.
Deviance as Inauthenticity: an Ontological Perspective

While organizational deviance has become a popular research topic in the past two decades, deviant behavior remains a contested concept, with several research studies being done to better define the term. As a result, researchers have introduced various definitions and constructs which seem to overlap one another. Such proliferation might backfire and could lead to more confusion. Looking at deviance from an ontological aspect, therefore, will help to decrease such confusion among researchers. Another advantage to ontologically viewing deviance is that it provides a better understanding of the concept. To prevent deviance occurring within an organization, the first step is learning more about it. This study therefore aims to discover how researchers can use ontological view to provide a better understanding of deviance, thus creating a deviance-free climate within an organization. This study looks at the role of storytelling in sharing norms within an organization to provide such a deviance-free climate.