cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Renewable Power Planning Considering Carbon Emission Reduction Benefits

Rapid expansion of renewable energy sources such as wind power generation and photovoltaic(PV) generation brings significant impacts on power system planning, and to cope with it the carbon emission reduction benefits from renewable energy sources should be led into generation expansion planning. Firstly, the carbon emission intensities of wind power generation, PV generation, hydropower generation and thermal generation are presented, and based on the processing cost for unit mass of CO2 the carbon emission processing costs of various kinds of power generations can be obtained. On this basis, considering the intermittence and fluctuation of wind power generation and PV generation, under the premise of ensuing the balance of electric power and energy and taking the minimum power generation and operation cost and the minimum processing cost for CO2 emission as objectives, a generation expansion planning model, in which the carbon emission reduction benefits are taken into account, is built. Finally, a study case, which combines IEEE 30-bus test system with actual output curves of wind power generation and PV generation as well as the load data in a certain region in China, is constructed and solved by ant colony algorithm, and the simulation results show that the proposed model and method are reasonable and effective.
237 MEASURES OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHRONICALLY VENTILATED PRETERM LAMBS

Background Preterm delivery interrupts the acquisition of nutrient stores that normally occurs during the later period of gestation. Energy and nutrient needs of preterm infants can be 20 to 300% greater than those of term infants. Little is known about the nutritional status or requirements of preterm lambs that are chronically ventilated. Therefore, we compared the nutritional status of chronically ventilated preterm lambs to term lambs. Hypothesis We hypothesized that serum glucose and fructose concentrations differ between ventilated preterm lambs and normal term lambs. Methods Plasma samples, obtained at 0, 24, 48, 72h of life from preterm lambs (n=21; delivered at ˜130d gestation) and term lambs (n=7; term gestation ˜147d), were analyzed by enzymatic assays to determine glucose and fructose concentrations. Preterm lambs were managed by conventional mechanical ventilation (CV) or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) for 24 or 72h. Orogastric feeding of ewe9s colostrum was begun within 6h of life and advanced as tolerated. Dextrose infusion (D10-12.5%) was also provided to maintain serum glucose concentration. Dextrose load (g/kg/d) was calculated from 24h intakes. Term lambs nursed ad libitum. Results No significant differences for glucose or fructose concentrations were found between preterm and term lambs (e.g., glucose at 24h: 172±87 mg/dL (preterm; X±SD) vs 138± 56 (term) at 24h of life). No significant differences for dextrose load were found between the two preterm lamb groups (e.g., at 72h: 41±23 g/kg/d for CV vs 41± 15 for nCPAP). Conclusion Glucose and fructose nutritional status in preterm lambs was matched to that of term lambs. Whether protein and mineral status were maintained remains to be determined.
The significance of retinal emboli.

This review contrasts two of the more common forms of retinal emboli, i.e., cholesterol emboli and calcific emboli. These two forms vary in ophthalmoscopic appearance and in regard to significance.
An evaluation of various treatments to increase sperm penetration capacity for potential use in an in vitro fertilization program

Objective To select in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients with a low sperm penetration assay (SPA) value and to determine if the penetration rate, fertilization rate, and the pregnancy rate (PR) can be improved in these patients by treating sperm with refrigeration, calcium ionophore A23187, prostaglandin E 1 , prostaglandin E 2 , or heparin. Design The study consists of three parts: identification of patients with poor SPA values, analysis of treatments to improve the SPA value, and evaluation of the treatments to improve fertilization and PRs. Results The data indicate that treatment of sperm with refrigeration can improve fertilization and PRs during IVF in selected patients previously shown to have an improved SPA value with the treatment. Conclusions Three points are emphasized: (1) the treatments analyzed in this study can improve SPA values in some of the patients with low sperm penetration capacity; (2) of the treatments studied, sperm refrigeration resulted in the largest improvement in sperm penetration capacity; and (3) sperm refrigeration can increase fertilization and PRs during IVF in this select group of patients.
SU-F-R-47: Quantitative Shape Relationship Analysis of PTV Modification for Critical Anatomy Sparing and Its Impact On Pathologic Response for Neoadjuvant Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer

Purpose: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) may be used to increase surgery candidacy in borderline resectable (BRPC) and locally advanced (LAPC) pancreatic cancer. However, the planning target volume (PTV) may need to be limited to avoid toxicity when the gross tumor volume (GTV) is anatomically involved with surrounding critical structures. Our study aims to characterize the coverage of GTV and investigate the association between modified PTV and pathologic (pCR) or near pathologic (npCR) complete response rates determined from the surgical specimen. Methods: Patients treated with neoadjuvant pancreas SBRT followed by surgery from 2010–2015 were selected from Oncospace. Overlap volume histogram (OVH) analysis was performed to determine the extent of compromise of the PTV from both the GTV and a standard target (GTV+3mm). Subsequently, normalized overlap volume (%) was calculated for: (1) GTV-PTV, and (2) GTV+3mm expansion-PTV. A logistic regression model was used to identify the association between the overlap ratios and ≥ npCR(pCR/npCR) stratified by active breathing control (ABC) versus free-breathing status. Results: Eighty-one (BRPC: n=42, LAPC: n=39) patients were available for analysis. Nearly 40% (31/81) had ≥npCR and 75% (61/81) were able to complete ABC. Mean coverage of the GTV-PTV was 92.6% (range, 59.9%–100%, SD = 8.68) and coverage of the GTV+3mm expansion-PTV was 85. 2% (range, 59.9% −100.0%, SD= 8.67). Among the patients with ABC, every 10% increase in GTV coverage doubled the odds to have ≥npCR (OR = 1.82, p=0.06). Coverage of GTV+3mm expansion was not associated with ≥npCR regardless of ABC status. Conclusion: Preferential sparing of critical anatomy over GTV-PTV coverage with ABC management suggests worse ≥npCR rates for neoadjuvant SBRT in BRPC and LAPC. Limiting the GTV and GTV+3mm expansion in free-breathing patients was not associated with pathologic response perhaps due to larger GTV definitions as a result of motion artifacts in free-breathing CT scans. Collaboration with Toshiba, Elekta, and Phillips
Blocking Effects in Two-Choice Discrimination Tasks in Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta

The present experiments investigated blocking effects in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in a discrimination learning paradigm using a single stimulus modality. Two experimental chambers were used. In one the monkeys were required to operate a joystick in order to manipulate a Pacman figure to consume one of two stimuli (S+ and S-) appearing on a video screen. In the other the monkeys were required to press Plexiglas panels mounted in front of the screens to indicate their choice of the stimuli. Correct responses resulted in the delivery of marshmallows. Results indicated (a) consistent occurrence of blocking, (b) no unblocking due to increased magnitude of reward, and (c) no differences due to task requirements in the two different chambers. These studies extend our knowledge of blocking effects to monkeys and provide novel procedures for using monkeys in basic learning research.
Effectiveness of Health Impact Assessments: A Synthesis of Data From Five Impact Evaluation Reports.

Introduction Since the 1990s, the use of health impact assessments (HIAs) has grown for considering the potential health impacts of proposed policies, plans, programs, and projects in various sectors. Evaluation of HIA impacts is needed for understanding the value of HIAs, improving the methods involved in HIAs, and potentially expanding their application. Impact evaluations examine whether HIAs affect decisions and lead to other effects.
Through the Teacher's Eyes: Unpacking the TPACK of Digital Fabrication Integration in Middle School Language Arts.

AbstractDigital fabrication consists of manufacturing design technology that is used to facilitate the creation of physical objects. Existing research suggests digital fabrication technology can inspire student creativity and innovation in mathematics and science. However, there is a lack of research that informs teacher education by identifying practical pedagogies to meaningfully integrate digital fabrication into language arts curricula, which this article seeks to achieve. Guided by the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework of 21st century teacher knowledge, this case study explores one middle school teacher’s yearlong journey as she integrated digital fabrication technology to create pop-up books in an afterschool program with a language arts focus.
The Contexts of Medieval Ravenna

This chapter traces the legend of Saint Barbatianus from the end of Late Antiquity in the sixth century to the popularization of cult in the tenth century. In particular, it examines the contexts of tenth-century Ravenna that supported the dramatic growth of hagiographic production in that period, and specifically the role of the archbishops of Ravenna, the Ottonian emperors, and the city’s nobles and monastic institutions they supported.
Features selection for analyzing the effect of preparation instruction on forearm muscles during pre-motor activity

This paper studies the effect of preparation instruction on pre-motor activity in EMG signals. Two kinds of trials are investigated, the first one uses a warning signal for mental preparation of a contraction while the second one does not use any preparation warning. Time domain analysis has been carried out in order to select Relative Power (RP) and Preparation Duration (PD) as relevant features that characterize the pre-motor stage. Two modes of preparation are defined: small and large. The small one is characterized by short preparation with relatively low power. Large preparation is the opposite case. Statistical analysis for men and women subjects, using MANOVA tests are performed. It shows a diversity of behaviors and discrimination abilities according to the muscle type, to the preparation type and to the gender.
Use of vitamin K1 in pregnancy

In general, from this double blind study of 204 infants it appeared that prenatal oral administration of vitamin K 1 exerted a beneficial effect on the relative deficiency of prothrombin that normally exists in the newborn infant. There was no evidence of undesirable side effects from doses of vitamin K 1 employed in this study. Bilirubin levels in the newborn infants receiving vitamin K 1 were not increased over the values in the placebo group. It is not possible to conclude from these data that such treatment is to be generally endorsed.
Modeling Dose-Response Relationships

Theories of the effects of the environment on health are founded on the axiom that each state of health is reached through a series of changes in the body which may be identified as distinct stages1. A particular health effect, therefore, requires several changes in the cells, tissues or organs of the body, and often requires doses from several pollutants to produce those changes. The first point means simply that health effects are multi-stage. The organism must pass through all stages to show the final effect of interest, although there often are several routes or sequences of stages leading to the same ultimate health effect. The second point means that a single pollutant rarely produces all of the necessary changes. Other pollutants and inherent biological factors must play a part. The health effect is multi-causal. The implications are: It may not be proper to speak of the relationship between an environmental pollutant and an effect. This relationship may depend on whether other changes have taken place or will take place aside from those caused by the pollutant. The ability of a pollutant to produce a change in one of the stages of an effect may not indicate that an adverse effect will occur, unless other pollutants or biological properties are present to complete the full chain of necessary changes There may be many points at which intervention and control can be effective. If several pollutants are needed to complete all changes, removal of any one pollutant can be effective in lowering disease. An example is the risk of lung cancer from radon progeny. It’s clear that the effect of the progeny is much stronger in smokers than in non-smokers. This multi-causal aspect of the disease gives the environmental health scientist or public health practioner two options: control radon or control smoking. Both will lower the damage caused by the presence of radon. If there are several pathways of change all leading to the same effect, removing one pollutant from the environment may not change the effect. The reason is that this pollutant may have produced changes which are sufficient but not necessary conditions for the state of health. If the pollutant is removed, other pollutants present may complete sufficient changes in health by other mechanisms.
Stroke and Eye Findings

Abstract Stroke patients often have visual symptoms and signs, the characteristics of which vary mostly depending on the type of vessel involved, the type of stroke, and the size of the arteries involved. Because the blood supply to the eye is mostly provided by branches of the ophthalmic artery, patients with anterior circulation cerebral ischemia may present with ipsilateral visual changes. Binocular visual loss or abnormal extraocular movements are common with vascular diseases affecting the posterior circulation, which provides the blood supply to the occipital lobes and posterior fossa. In addition, a number of ocular vascular disorders are associated with numerous systemic diseases affecting the eyes and the brain simultaneously.
Epigenetic modifiers upregulate MHC II and impede ovarian cancer tumor growth

Expression of MHC class II pathway proteins in ovarian cancer correlates with prolonged survival. Murine and human ovarian cancer cells were treated with epigenetic modulators - histone deacetylase inhibitors and a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. mRNA and protein expression of the MHC II pathway were evaluated by qPCR and flow cytometry. Treatment with entinostat and azacytidine of ID8 cells in vitro increased mRNA levels of Cd74, Ciita, and H2-Aa, H2-Eb1. MHC II and CD74 protein expression were increased after treatment with either agent. A dose dependent response in mRNA and protein expression was seen with entinostat. Combination treatment showed higher MHC II protein expression than with single agent treatment. In patient derived xenografts, CIITA, CD74, and MHC II mRNA transcripts were significantly increased after combination treatment. Expression of MHC II on ovarian tumors in MISIIR-Tag mice was increased with both agents relative to control. Combination treatment significantly reduced ID8 tumor growth in immune-competent mice. Epigenetic treatment increases expression of MHC II on ovarian cancer cells and impedes tumor growth. This approach warrants further study in ovarian cancer patients.
The Household Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Study: Lack of Antibody Response and Protection Following Receipt of 2014-2015 Influenza Vaccine.

Background Antigenically drifted A(H3N2) viruses circulated extensively during the 2014-2015 influenza season. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was low and not significant among outpatients but in a hospitalized population was 43%. At least one study paradoxically observed increased A(H3N2) infection among those vaccinated 3 consecutive years. Methods We followed a cohort of 1341 individuals from 340 households. VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza was estimated. Hemagglutination-inhibition and neuraminidase-inhibition antibody titers were determined in subjects ≥13 years. Results Influenza A(H3N2) was identified in 166 (12%) individuals and B(Yamagata) in 34 (2%). VE against A(H3N2) was -3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -55%, 32%) and similarly ineffective between age groups; increased risk of infection was not observed among those vaccinated in 2 or 3 previous years. VE against influenza B(Yamagata) was 57% (95% CI: -3%, 82%) but only significantly protective in children <9 years (87% [95% CI: 43%, 97%]). Less than 20% of older children and adults had ≥4-fold antibody titer rise against influenza A(H3N2) and B antigens following vaccination; responses were surprisingly similar for antigens included in the vaccine and those similar to circulating viruses. Antibody against A/Hong Kong/4801/14, similar to circulating 2014-2015 A(H3N2) viruses and included in the 2016-2017 vaccine, did not significantly predict protection. Conclusions Absence of VE against A(H3N2) was consistent with circulation of antigenically drifted viruses; however, generally limited antibody response following vaccination is concerning even in the context of antigenic mismatch. Although 2014-2015 vaccines were not effective in preventing A(H3N2) infection, no increased susceptibility was detected among the repeatedly vaccinated.
The Perfect Recipe : Taste and Tyranny, Cooks and Citizens

This paper considers the implications of a particular kind of recipe, namely recipes that purport to be perfect, for democratic citizenship. I explore the political dimensions of perfect recipes not in terms of identity or community, but as a type of political instrument, or as manifesting a particular form of political obligation, based on the cook/reader's submission to the terms and commands of the recipe. We might thus describe the relationship between the perfect recipe and the reader/cook as authoritarian or autocratic. It is not much of an exaggeration to say that perfect recipes may make for good meals but bad cooks. But perfect recipes do more than make bad cooks—they make bad citizens because they encourage habits of docility and deference, both of which are inimical to democratic citizenship.
Local Partners’ Network Effect on IJV Longevity In Different Institutional Contexts

Do local partner’s network attributes affect the survival and longevity of international joint ventures (IJV) resulting from collaborative foreign market entry? And how does the effect of network attributes vary in different institutional environments? While the classic economic explanation for IJV’s formation and subsequent performance draws from the resource-based view, we add the relational dimension to explain that IJV survival and longevity might be affected by local partners’ relation-specific assets in the local network. Our setting for research is American MNEs in high-tech industries entering into an emerging economy (China) and a developed economy (Canada). We test the effect of RBV explanation (resource complementarity) and local partner network attributes calculated by UCINET (centrality, structural hole position, and network status) on the longevity of IJV. We show that the relationship is moderated by institutional difference between the home and host country.
Frequencies and the Mathematics of Probability

Of the many sorts of questions that can be asked of a specific piece of reasoning in natural science the following three may be distinguished: 1. Does it follow? That is, are the conclusions so related to the evidence (or premises) that they may be said necessarily to follow from them? This first question is independent of any question of truth or falsity. It is designed strictly in terms of what might be called consistency. 2. Is it true? This usually comes to the question Are the premises true?, or, Are the data correct?, though it must be remembered that true conclusions can follow from false premises. For that reason we must distinguish questions about the truth of an argument from questions about the consistency of the same argument. Ptolemaic astronomy is consistent but false, and there are arguments in modern physics which, though they turn up answers that are true, are nevertheless formally inconsistent. We have had occasion to discuss all this before. But not much has been said about the following question: 3. How is the truth of the premises established?
Evaluation of MOS social support in low-income caregivers of African American children with poorly controlled asthma.

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) in a sample of low-income, urban caregivers of African...
The Association between Maternal Height, Body Mass Index, and Perinatal Outcomes

Objective To test the hypothesis that maternal height is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, controlling for and stratified by maternal body mass index (BMI). Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of all births in California between 2007 and 2010 (n = 1,775,984). Maternal height was categorized into quintiles, with lowest quintile (≤20%) representing shorter stature and the uppermost quintile (≥80%) representing taller stature. Outcomes included gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, cesarean, preterm birth (PTB), macrosomia, and low birth weight (LBW). We calculated height/outcome associations among BMI categories, and BMI/outcome associations among height categories, using various multivariable logistic regression models. Results Taller women were less likely to have GDM, nulliparous cesarean, PTB, and LBW; these associations were similar across maternal BMI categories and persisted after multivariable adjustment. In contrast, when stratified by maternal height, the associations between maternal BMI and birth outcomes varied by specific outcomes, for example, the association between morbid obesity (compared with normal or overweight) and the risk of GDM was weaker among shorter women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.48, 3.28–3.69) than taller women (aOR, 95% CI: 4.42, 4.19–4.66). Conclusion Maternal height is strongly associated with altered perinatal risk even after accounting for variations in complications by BMI.
Longitudinal study of sleep and diurnal rhythms in Drosophila ananassae.

Abstract Mistiming of circadian rhythms impairs quality of life. The sleep fragmentation that results can lead to fatigue, mood alteration, and short-term memory problems. Unfortunately, this suite occurs in humans as we age. In the current study, we used high-resolution monitors to track how circadian patterns of locomotor activity change in female Drosophila ananassae as they enter mid-to-late life. This equipment is a more recent addition to the fly circadian field and has not been previously used for long-term activity tracking. At 2–3 days post-eclosion, D. ananassae were placed into climate-controlled vivariums for 60 days. Daily actograms were generated for each animal, along with a time series of activity across the observational period. Consistent with findings from older rodents and humans, older D. ananassae exhibited degraded patterns of wake and sleep that were fragmented—but still rhythmic—across the 24-h cycle. Overall levels of daily activity declined with age, with particular loss of circadian arousal in the wake-maintenance zone a few hours before bedtime. Interestingly, our high-resolution monitoring strategy was also able to document a sleep correlation previously associated with human aging in flies: displacement of sleep timing arising from possible changes in circadian and homeostatic regulation. Future experiments may determine whether the age-related impairments seen in the sleep-circadian system of D. ananassae can be mitigated through precision light treatment.
Assessing Program Learning Outcomes: A Tale of Self-Discovery

Learning assessment at two-year colleges is growing, but not much has been published about it yet. In general, our smaller classrooms, diverse student population, high proportion of adjunct faculty, and academic freedom in teaching methods and tools set the stage for a different approach to assessment than at four-year institutions. This is the story of how faculty at Suffolk County Community College (SCCC) are working through a long-term assessment plan.
The use of departmental journal lists in promotion and tenure decisions at American research universities

Abstract The purpose of this multi-institution study was to develop an understanding of where and how ranking lists are being used for the purpose of informing promotion and tenure decisions. Individuals were selected for this survey who, were at the time, serving in administrative positions at 115 R1 Carnegie research institutions. The survey questionnaire consisted of demographic, closed-response, and rating-scale questions designed to understand the respondents' experiences and attitudes concerning their academic department's promotion and tenure process. Results of this survey will inform librarians on practices associated with promotion and tenure involving open access publishing and the use of standardized journal lists.
Serum lipidomic analysis from mixed neutron/X-ray radiation fields reveals a hyperlipidemic and pro-inflammatory phenotype

Heightened threats for nuclear terrorism using improvised nuclear devices (IND) necessitate the development of biodosimetry assays that could rapidly assess thousands of individuals. However, the radiation exposures from an IND may be complex due to mixed fields of neutrons and photons (γ-rays), shielding from buildings, and proximity to the epicenter among others. In this study we utilized lipidomics to analyze serum samples from mice exposed to various percentages of neutrons and X-rays to a total dose of 3 Gy. Triacylglycerides, phosphatidylserines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), sphingolipids, and cholesteryl esters all showed delayed increases at day 7 compared to day 1 after irradiation, while diacylglycerides decreased in mixed field exposures and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) remained largely unchanged. Individual lipid molecules with a high degree of unsaturation exhibited the highest fold changes in mixed fields compared to photons alone. More importantly, the increased ratio of LPCs to PCs of each irradiation group compared to control could be used as a radiation biomarker and highlights the existence of a pro-inflammatory phenotype. The results showed that even a small percentage of neutrons in a mixed field can lead to high biological responses with implications for accurate biodosimetry, triage and medical managements of exposed populations.
Teachers' Use of Questions during Shared Book Reading: Relations to Child Responses.

Abstract This study examined the extent to which preschool teachers used different types of questions during classroom-based shared book reading. Our goals were to describe the question wording teachers use to elicit child responses and to consider sequential relations between types of question wording and student responses. Participants included 96 preschool and kindergarten teachers who read aloud a standard narrative text to their whole class of students. All the sessions were video-recorded, transcribed and then coded by trained coders. During reading, teacher total extra-textual utterances included 23.74% questions (n = 5207 questions). The wording of these questions mostly included Wh-question forms (who, what, when, where) or question forms that required only a yes/no response. Yet sequential analyses demonstrated that less frequently occurring question forms, such as Why-questions and How-procedural questions elicited longer, multiword responses from students. Results further suggested that students readily answered most questions accurately; although, Why-questions produced more inaccurate student responses, this level of challenge is likely appropriate. Unfortunately, most teacher questions were easy for children to answer accurately or with a single word, thereby indicating teachers are not demonstrating Vygotskian principles (1978) of adjusting their questioning techniques to a level of challenge that is just above children’s overall level of mastery. Important implications of these findings are discussed for educators as well as curriculum developers.
The Role of Substance Use and Resiliency Factors on Suicidal Ideation among Middle School Students.

Background Suicidal ideation, an important risk factor for suicide, is strongly associated with substance use. Factors such as family cohesion, connection with friends, and social support can be protective against suicidal behaviors. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between suicidal ideation, substance use, and resiliency factors among middle school students. Methods The 2013 New Mexico Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey provided the data for this analysis. Suicidal ideation was defined as affirmative responses to questions about thoughts of killing oneself and/or making a suicide plan. We used logistic regression to explore the association between suicidal ideation, substance use, and resiliency factors. Results Overall, 23% of students reported suicidal ideation. Among girls, having a caring friend was associated with lower odds of suicidal ideation only among those not using other drugs. Among boys, having a caring friend decreased the odds of suicidal ideation regardless of substance use. Conclusions Suicidal ideation is prevalent among middle school children. Substance abuse is associated with suicidal ideation; however, individual and community support can be protective. Interventions aimed at reducing suicidal behaviors among middle school students should account for the impact of substance use and help strengthen social support.
The Urgent Need for Medicare Reimbursement for Home Infusion Antibiotics amidst a Pandemic.

Medicare does not reimburse for home infusion; patients requiring outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy must seek treatment in high-risk settings. We recommend policy change to allow for adequate social distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
A Theoretical Review of Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in Eating Disorders: Enhancing Knowledge by Bridging Interpersonal and Affective Dysfunction

Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) frequently report interpersonal and affective dysfunction. A useful lens for uniting these ideas is through the framework of interpersonal emotion regulation (IER), which consists of the ways others assist a distressed individual and how this shapes his or her subsequent emotional, behavioral, and cognitive responses. In this theoretical review, we provide an overview of the rationale for exploring IER and review IER processes in this population using the framework of the Process Model of Emotion Regulation. Finally, we offer suggestions for next steps in conducting research. IER offers a parsimonious way to explore social and emotional constructs related to ED pathology and may provide potential targets for prevention and intervention in these difficult-to-treat disorders.
It Takes a Village: Populating the Institutional Repository with Performing Arts Content

Managing an institutional repository is not a project in its own right: rather, it is an operational service that involves conversations with faculty, students, and other content providers. However...
Network pharmacology-based analysis of the role of tacrolimus in liver transplantation.

Abstract Background Tacrolimus is a powerful immunosuppressant and has been widely used in organ transplantation. In order to further explore the role of tacrolimus in liver transplantation, we conducted network pharmacology analysis. Methods GSE100155 was obtained from the GEO database, and the DEGs of liver transplantation were analyzed. The 2D structure of tacrolimus was obtained from the National Library of Medicine, and the pharmacophore model of tacrolimus was predicted using the online tool pharmmapper. Then a network of tacrolimus and target genes was constructed through network pharmacology, and visualization and GO enrichment analysis was performed through Cytoscape. In addition, we also analyzed the correlation between key genes and immune infiltrating cells. The data of GSE84908 was used to verify the changes of key gene expression levels after tacrolimus treatment. Results The results of network pharmacological analysis showed that tacrolimus had 43 target genes, and the GO enrichment results showed many potential functions. Further analysis found that there were 5 key target genes in DEGs, and these 5 genes were significantly down-regulated in liver transplant patients. Another important finding was that 5 genes were significantly related to some immune infiltrating cells. The results of the GSE84908 data analysis showed that after tacrolimus treatment, the expression of DAAM1 was significantly increased (p = 0.015). Conclusion Tacrolimus may inhibit the human immune response by affecting the expression of DAAM1 in liver transplant patients.
First impressions in 280 characters or less: Sharing life on Twitter and the mediating role of social presence

Abstract The present research investigated how self-disclosing messages on Twitter influence the way people develop first impressions in a zero-history relationship context. Using an online experiment, Study 1 examined the effects of disclosure topics (professional vs. personal) and sentimental expressions (descriptive vs. emotional). Findings demonstrated that personal (compared to professional) and emotional (compared to descriptive) self-disclosure styles have more positive effects on developing favorable interpersonal perceptions. Study 2 further examined the effect of emotional self-disclosure. Findings demonstrated that positive emotional self-disclosure results in greater interpersonal attraction than negative emotional self-disclosure. In both Study 1 and Study 2, social presence functions a mediating role between self-disclosure and developing interpersonal perceptions.
Gab2 (Grb2-Associated Binder2) Plays a Crucial Role in Inflammatory Signaling and Endothelial Dysfunction

Objective In response to inflammatory insult, endothelial cells express cell adhesion molecules and TF (tissue factor), leading to increased adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium and activation of coagulation. Enhanced coagulation could further exacerbate inflammation. Identifying key signaling molecule(s) that drive both inflammation and coagulation may help devise effective therapeutic strategies to treat inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. The aim of the current study to determine the role of Gab2 (Grb2-associated binder2), which is known to play a crucial role in the signaling evoked by growth factors and antigen receptors, in inflammatory signaling pathways and contributing to vascular dysfunction. Approach and Results: WT (wild type) and Gab2-silenced endothelial cells were treated with TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha), IL (interleukin)-1β, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Activation of key signaling proteins in the inflammatory signaling pathways and expression of cell adhesion molecules, TF, and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Gab2-/- and WT littermate mice were challenged with LPS or S pneumoniae, and parameters of inflammation and activation of coagulation were assessed. Gab2 silencing in endothelial cells markedly attenuated TNFα-induced, IL-1β-induced, and LPS-induced expression of TF, cell adhesion molecules, and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Gab2 silencing suppressed TNFα-induced, IL-1β-induced, and LPS-induced phosphorylation and ubiquitination of TAK1 and activation of MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B). Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that the Src kinase Fyn phosphorylates Gab2. Gab2-/- mice are protected from LPS or S pneumoniae-induced vascular permeability, neutrophil infiltration, thrombin generation, NET formation, cytokine production, and lung injury. Conclusions Our studies identify, for the first time, that Gab2 integrates signaling from multiple inflammatory receptors and regulates vascular inflammation and thrombosis.
Vascularized Bone Flaps for Carpal Reconstruction.

Within the field of hand and upper extremity surgery, reconstruction of the bony carpus remains a perplexing task and is a field undergoing rapid evolution. Among the eight bones of the carpus, the scaphoid and lunate are most frequently affected by traumatic and avascular processes which render their articular surfaces degenerated and painful. These conditions include scaphoid waist fracture, scaphoid proximal pole fracture, and Kienbock's disease of the lunate. While traditional salvage operations with limited functional outcomes have historically been employed for management of these unsolved problems, advances in microsurgical understanding and capability are changing the treatment algorithm at our center. This paradigm shift centers in large part around the introduction of new techniques for vascularized bone and cartilage transfer for carpal reconstruction.
Using capillary electrophoresis to characterize the hydrodynamic and electrostatic properties of DNA in solutions containing various monovalent cations.

This review describes the results obtained by using free-solution capillary electrophoresis to probe the electrostatic and hydrodynamic properties of DNA in solutions containing various monovalent cations. In brief, we found that the mobilities of double-stranded DNAs (dsDNAs) increase with increasing molecular weight before leveling off and becoming constant at molecular weights ≥400 bp. The mobilities of single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) go through a maximum at ∼10-20 nucleotides before decreasing and becoming constant for oligomers larger than ∼30-50 bases. The mobilities of both ss- and dsDNAs increase linearly with the logarithm of increasing charge per unit length and decrease linearly with the logarithm of increasing ionic strength. Surprisingly, ss- and dsDNA mobilities level off and become nearly constant at ionic strengths ≥0.6 M. The thermal stabilities of dsDNAs decrease linearly with increasing solution viscosity. The diffusion coefficients of dsDNA are modulated by the diffusion coefficients of their counterions because of electrostatic DNA-cation coupling interactions. Finally, the anomalously slow mobilities observed for A-tract-containing DNAs can be attributed both to differences in shape and to the preferential localization of small cations in the A-tract minor groove. Since many of these results are mirrored in other polyion-counterion systems, free-solution electrophoresis can be viewed as a reporter of the electrostatics and hydrodynamics of highly charged polyions. New results describing the mobilities of dsDNA analogues of a microRNA-messenger RNA complex are also presented.
Passion and Preferences: William Jennings Bryan and the 1896 Democratic Convention

The 1896 Democratic National Convention simultaneously proposed a radically new trajectory for American industrial expansion, harshly repudiated its own incumbent president, and rudely overturned the party's traditional regional and social hierarchy. The passion that attended these decisions was deeply embedded in the traditional alliances and understandings of the past, in the careers and futures of the party's most prominent leaders and most insignificant ward heelers, and in the personal relations of men who had long served together in the halls of Congress. This passion was continuously on display in the Chicago Coliseum, shaped by the rhythm of parliamentary ritual and the physical architecture of the convention hall. William Jennings Bryan anticipated the moment when pathos would be at its height and chose that moment to give his 'Cross of Gold' address, thus harnessing passion to his personal ambition and winning the presidential nomination.
WHIPPLE'S DISEASE: IDENTIFICATION OF CIRCULATING WHIPPLE CELLS IN THORACIC DUCT LYMPH.

Summary 1.A case of Whipple's disease is reported. 2.The thoracic duct was cannulated and found to be patent although flow of chylous lymph was markedly reduced. 3.Macrophages with characteristic PAS-positive granules were found circulating in thoracic duct lymph. 4.A very high lymph: serum protein ratio was noted.
Atoms made entirely of antimatter: Two methods produce slow antihydrogen

An antihydrogen (H¯) atom—a positron ( e + ) in orbit about an antiproton (p¯)—is the simplest atom made entirely of antimatter. Producing H¯ atoms that are cold enough to be trapped for precise laser spectroscopy, to compare antihydrogen and hydrogen, is a goal that has been pursued for many years. A prequel to this review summarized the techniques for accumulating cold p¯ and e + that opened the way to slow H¯ production, along with crucial devices like the nested Penning trap that was developed to bring the p¯ and e + together. Several exciting years have seen the first production, observations and studies of slow H¯ atoms—so far by two different methods. The demonstrations of e + cooling of p¯ in a nested Penning trap led to observations of slow H¯ atoms produced in this way (method I) using two detection techniques. Field ionization detection of H¯ produced by method I makes it possible to go beyond the simple counting of H¯ atoms via charge exchange collisions—a method that seems to naturally produce H¯ atoms with essentially the low energy distribution of the p¯ from which they form.
A PCR‐based method for detecting known mutations in the human UDP galactose‐4′‐epimerase gene associated with epimerase‐deficiency galactosemia

Epimerase-deficiency galactosemia results from impairment of the human enzyme UDP galactose-4'-epimerase (GALE). We report a rapid, internally controlled PCR-based method for detection of nine naturally occurring point mutations in human GALE associated with epimerase deficiency. These mutations were derived from patients whose clinical presentations ranged from mild to severe; all but one of these mutations have been reported previously. The tests described here work well on both cDNA and genomic samples and require no specialized equipment beyond a thermal cycler and an agarose gel electrophoresis system. Finally, although these tests in no way replace the need for biochemical diagnosis in epimerase-deficiency galactosemia, they do provide the possibility of additional molecular information to support a biochemical diagnosis and facilitate the possibility of more accurate carrier testing, should that option be desired.
Algorithms for bounded-error correlation of high dimensional data in microarray experiments

The problem of clustering continuous valued data has been well studied in literature. Its application to microarray analysis relies on such algorithms as k-means, dimensionality reduction techniques, and graph-based approaches for building dendrograms of sample data. In contrast, similar problems for discrete-attributed data are relatively unexplored. An instance of analysis of discrete-attributed data arises in detecting co-regulated samples in microarrays. In this paper, we present an algorithm and a software framework, PROXIMUS, for error-bounded clustering of high-dimensional discrete attributed datasets in the context of extracting co-regulated samples from microarray data. We show that PROXIMUS delivers outstanding performance in extracting accurate patterns of gene-expression.
Supporting collaborative field operations with personal information processing systems

This paper describes a two-year research project to develop a personal information processing system (PIPS) solution for the roving industrial field operator. Our PIPS system comprises (1) an RF network to deliver wireless digital information, (2) a wearable computer for delivering web-based information (the hardware is a two-piece system composed of a belt-worn NetPC attached via a curly cable to a handheld unit with a mouse/display device combination), and (3) software applications that provide added value in the field. Unique challenges in designing such a system for this environment include providing: (1) good RF coverage in an environment with many metal structures; (2) an intrinsically safe, lightweight, low-cost hardware system; and (3) software that is compatible with the wearable system and supports collaboration in the field.
Transverse emittance equation with acceleration and compression

Summary form only given, as follows. The formula for emittance charge of a drifting beam in an inertial fusion driver (IFD) is generalized by the inclusion of acceleration and compression. Applications have been made to various acceleration schedules in a FODO transport channel. In particular, for the case of decompression in the head and tail of a bunch, the decrease of emittance has been predicted. As the tune depression becomes less (longer Debye length), the density profile becomes centrally peaked as opposed to uniform (minimum field energy state). Thus, a part of the transverse kinetic energy is converted to field energy and emittance decreases. With acceleration, the change of the normalized emittance is decreased due to a smaller radial size of the beam for a given undepressed tune, and with compression, the effect of the space charge on the emittance is amplified due to the larger available electrostatic energy. However, since the typical time scale of relaxation to a quasi-equilibrium state via random phase mixing is short compared with the time scale of the acceleration and compression in an ion IFD, these effects on the emittance change are not large. >
Food Aversion Learning: Ability of Lambs to Distinguish Safe from Harmful Foods

We studied the ability of lambs to select safe foods in the presence of harmful foods. In a series of feeding experiments, 3- to 6-mo-old lambs were offered a choice between 1) a familiar, safe and a novel, harmful food, 2) a novel, safe and a novel, harmful food and 3) a familiar, harmful and a novel, safe food. All harmful foods were palatable feeds that had been treated with lithium chloride (LiCl), a non-lethal gastrointestinal poison. When lambs ingested a meal composed of a novel food containing LiCl and a familiar, safe food, lambs subsequently avoided the novel food. Lambs avoided the novel food even when the familiar food contained LiCl. The response of lambs varied when lambs were given a choice between a novel, safe food and a novel food containing LiCl. Lambs either avoided the novel food containing LiCl and ingested the safe food or they limited their intake of both novel foods. Their response was dependent on the novelty of the food containing LiCl. When a novel, palatable food contained 2% LiCl, lambs always ate some of the food, even after experiencing illness from ingesting it. Lambs experienced with foods containing LiCl displayed greater food neophobia than lambs naive to LiCl-treated foods. Thus, novelty was the major criterion that lambs used to associate foods with gastrointestinal illness.