cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Predicting Consumer Reaction To Online Privacy Concerns: A Nested Logit Model

This paper proposes a theoretical choice model to explain how consumers may react to their concerns regarding online information privacy. A nested logit model is suggested as the appropriate model to predict the choice of online privacy risk management strategies by consumers. Conceptual justification is provided for the proposed model. The validity of the major assumptions behind the model in the context of Internet use is explained. Managerial implications and future research directions are also discussed.
Wound Tissue Oximetry: A Cornerstone in Wound Care

Non-healing wounds are often represented by inadequate supply of oxygen to the injured tissue. Wound tissue oxygen status needs to be understood and managed in order to secure a favorable outcome. Chronic hypoxia impairs wound healing through a number of mechanisms such as hypoxamir induction resulting in delayed wound closure, impaired collagen synthesis and failed angiogenesis. Inadequate supply of oxygen alone will stifle the healing process and therefore, wound tissue oximetry is a key parameter that must be kept in sight while managing a problem wound. TCOM is the current standard in clinical wound care but is slowly being replaced by optical and EPR-based technology platforms to develop clinical tissue oximetry tools. This chapter explains the significance of hypoxia in wound healing and the current techniques to measure tissue oxygenation status.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Asian Americans: Is Integrative Medicine the Ticket into the US Healthcare System?

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is often considered one part of a bimodal health care system in many Asian countries. As a result of emigrating populations into the United States, visibility and usage of CAM has increased in Asian American communities and has become more accepted in the general US population. Although tension exists in incorporating CAM therapies into Western medical practice, the integration of practices is now becoming more accepted and even utilized by mainstream groups. This chapter will discuss the components of CAM and integrative medicine, the philosophies behind both approaches, use of CAM in Asian Americans, challenges in integrating the use of CAM, and policy initiatives.
Poliovirus replication and cytopathogenicity in monolayer hamster cell cultures fused with beta propiolactone-inactivated Sendai virus.

SummaryPoliovirus can replicate and be passed serially in monolayer cultures of a line of hamster embryo cells subsequently fused with Sendai virus completely inactivated by low concentrations of beta propiolactone. Poliovirus fused into such a system produces a characteristic cytopathic effect.
Impact of Manure Application Timing in Dairy Pastures on the Migration of Nitrates to Ground Water

Manure application increases pasture crop production and minimizes manure storage costs. Excess N not absorbed by pasture vegetation can leach past the root zone and into ground water. A yearlong study was conducted on grazing pastures at 2 dairy farms to monitor potential nitrate (NO3) movement from the surface through the soil profile toward ground water. Precipitation, irrigation, manure application, and grazing were compared with NO3 movement. Both pastures were part of rotational grazing systems and receive periodic applications of manure by cattle and by typical manure application equipment. Sampling devices were located in the center of operational fields. A total of 9 sampling wells (lysimeters) were installed at depths of 1, 1.3, and 1.6 m below the surface of each pasture. Each depth was replicated 3 times at each site. Water samples were taken every 2 wk at each site and tested for NO3-N. Farm A applied a total of 600 kg N/ha throughout the year and farm B applied approximately 300 kg/ha. On Farm A, NO3-N concentrations averaged 15.2 ± 12.2, 6.5 ± 6.9, and 2.9 ± 3.6 ppm at 1, 1.3, and 1.6 m, respectively. On Farm B, NO3-N concentrations averaged 13.8 ± 8.5, 8.5 ± 5.7, and 1.3 ± 2.9 ppm at 1, 1.3, and 1.6 m, respectively. No relationship between farming activity and NO3 movement was noted. In addition, irrigation appeared to have no influence on NO3 movement. Substantial rainfall (>15 cm per 2-wk period) appears to be the major factor in NO3 movement.
Spatial distribution and the value of green spaces for urban red-tailed hawks

Raptors increasingly live and nest successfully in urban areas. In the urban landscape of Hartford, CT, red-tailed hawks established home ranges in large green spaces such as parks, golf courses, and cemeteries but also nested successfully in the commercial district of downtown and in densely built urban and suburban neighborhoods. Data collected from 11 radio-tagged breeding adult hawks indicated that year-round home ranges averaged 107.7 ha, much smaller than home ranges reported for hawks inhabiting rural areas. Most hawk home ranges had multiple core areas that were usually associated with favored perches or larger patches of ‘usable’ green space, defined as patches ≥0.25 ha in size, and home range size was positively associated with larger usable green space patches in core areas. Most nests were located in the largest core area and were within a larger patch of green space within the largest core area. Rather than just the amount or size of green space patches, the value of urban green spaces for these hawks likely also varies with the number and proximity of suitable perches such as buildings or tall trees, types and density of prey, and amount of human activity in and adjacent to these spaces. Territoriality and intraspecific competition may also influence home range size and dispersion of red-tailed hawks nesting in Hartford. In this urban area, mortality due to ingestion of rodenticides and collisions with vehicles affected hawk reproductive success.
Mechanisms of activation of Na+/H+ exchange in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells.

Because of the importance of pH homeostasis in bone and the current uncertainty about the mechanisms by which intracellular pH (pHi) is regulated in this tissue, we have investigated the roles of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) and protein kinase C on the activation of Na+/H+ exchange in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. [Ca2+]i and pHi were measured using Fura-2 and 2'7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) respectively. The basal pHi in HCO3(-)-free buffer was 7.36 +/- 0.04 units (mean +/- S.D.). Addition of ionomycin in Ca(2+)-containing buffer did not cause a rise in basal pHi; however, addition of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) did cause a slowly developing rise in resting pHi of 0.14 +/- 0.02 unit over 4-5 min. Nigericin, a K+/H+ ionophore, caused an abrupt fall in pHi to 6.70 +/- 0.07 units. In nigericin-pretreated cells, PMA caused a rapid rise in pHi without changing the [Ca2+]i. In acidified cells, ionomycin increased [Ca2+]i and pHi in a parallel concentration-dependent (30-500 nM) manner. This action of ionomycin occurred in both the presence and the nominal absence of extracellular Ca2+. Ionomycin-induced alkalinization depended on extracellular Na+ and was inhibited in cells incubated with hexamethylene amiloride. When the incremental increase in [Ca2+]i induced by ionomycin was blocked by preincubation with bis-(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-NNN'N'-tetra-acetic acid (BAPTA)/AM, the effect on pHi was inhibited. Staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, blocked the action of PMA on pHi, but it had no effect on the ionomycin-induced increase in pHi. The action of ionomycin was not due to osmotic shock. We conclude that SaOS-2 cells have a protein kinase C-activatable Na+/H+ antiporter that is also stimulated, in acidified cells, in a concentration-dependent fashion by transients in [Ca2+]i which act via a non-protein kinase C pathway.
Effects of short day length treatment on major traits of photosensitive hybrid rice combination

Thermosensitive hybrids used as check,seven photosensitive rice hybrids were treated with artificial short day length(ASDL) and natural short day length(NSDL) in this study.The results showed that growth duration of the photosensitive rice hybrids could be shortened about 30 days and 60 days under ASDL and NSDL treatment in Nanning,respectively.The photosensitive rice hybrid treated with ASDL,plant height and total grains per panicle were decreased while effective panicle per plant was increased.Treated with NSDL,the total leave number of main culm was declined and seed setting rate was increased.
Free abdominal fat transfer for partial and total parotidectomy defect reconstruction.

Objectives/Hypothesis A variety of techniques have been proposed for reconstruction of the parotidectomy defect. We reviewed our experience with free abdominal fat transfer (FAT) graft reconstruction of parotidectomy defects for benign and malignant disease. Methods The medical records of patients who underwent parotidectomy for benign or malignant disease from 2007 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Results One hundred and five patients underwent 108 parotidectomies with FAT reconstruction, with bilateral parotidectomy performed in three patients. The majority of patients had benign pathology (71%) and tumors < 3 cm (57%). Prior surgery had been performed in 13 cases (12%) and prior radiation had been performed in three (3%). Superficial parotidectomy was performed in 62 patients (57%) and concurrent elective neck dissection was performed in eight (7%). A facelift incision was utilized in 59 patients (55%). Postoperative radiation was used in 21 patients (19%). Abdominal donor site complications occurred in 11 patients (10%), consisting of hematoma in eight patients (7%) and seroma in three (3%). Parotidectomy wound dehiscence occurred in six cases (6%); all responded to conservative management. There was no association between age, tumor size, comorbidity, smoking status, extent of surgery, incision, or prior radiation on the development of wound complications. Fat transfer graft debulking was required in three patients with persistent overcorrection beyond 6 months postoperatively. No patient demonstrated undercorrection or further FAT resorption beyond 6 months. Conclusion Fat transfer reconstruction of the parotidectomy defect is safe and achieves a consistent and predictable long-term cosmetic result. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 126:2694–2698, 2016
Time and Spatial Solitons with fs UV Pulses

The energy distribution of an intense femtosecond pulse, as it exits an amplifier chain, is shaped as a pancake: a diameter of a few cm, and a thickness of the order of 30 micron.
Fetal lung development in rats with a glycogen storage disorder

A New Zealand strain of rats (NZR/Mh) is unable to mobilize liver glycogen due to a deficiency of phosphorylase b kinase. Affected homozygous rats (gsd/gsd) were used to assess the developmental re...
WE-AB-207B-08: Exploring and Refining the QUANTEC Guideline to Reduce Severe Hyposalivation Following IMRT for Head and Neck Cancer

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of the QUANTEC guideline to prevent xerostomia after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) with respect to follow-up time. In addition, we explored alternative guidelines to further reduce xerostomia. Methods: The QUANTEC guideline suggests a mean dose to the contralateral (Dmeancontra) parotid<20 Gy, or Dmeancontra and Dmean to the ipsilateral parotid (Dmeanipsi)<25 Gy. Stimulated whole mouth saliva flow measurements (WMSFM) were conducted at a median of 11 (3–24) months for 63 patients treated with IMRT for HNC to a median dose of 70 Gy in 2006–2015. Severe hyposalivation/xerostomia was defined as WMSFM ≤25% post- relative to pre-RT. Patients were stratified into a <6m (xerostomia: 27% (n=15)), and a 6–24m (xerostomia: 19% (n=10)) follow-up group. Dose-response modeling was performed using logistic regression including Dmeancontra, or Dmeancontra and Dmeanipsi. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC) was used to assess discriminative ability, and the agreement between the estimated and observed rate of xerostomia was given by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (Rs), and related p-values. Results: Of the non-xerostomia patients, 65% (<6m) and 56% (6–24m) fulfilled Dmeancontra<20 Gy. The estimated and observed rate of xerostomia agreed at <6m (AUC=0.78; Rs=0.46; p=0.001), and was 28% at Dmeancontra=20 Gy. A smaller number of non-xerostomia patients fulfilled the two-gland guideline (33% (<6m) and 26% (6–24m)), but the AUC was higher than using Dmeancontra only (<6m: AUC=0.90; Rs=0.63; p<0.0001; 6–24m: AUC=0.84; Rs=0.25; p=0.08), and the following amendment of the two-gland guideline was suggested: (0.17*Dmeancontra+0.11*Dmeanipsi-8.13)<-1.60 (<6m), and (0.05*Dmeancontra+0.02*Dmeanipsi-3.10)<-1.60 (6–24m). Conclusion: The QUANTEC guideline is effective to prevent xerostomia <6m post-RT, but its usefulness is reduced at later follow-up times. The suggested amendment to the two-gland QUANTEC guideline should be further investigated in an independent cohort of HNC patients treated with IMRT.
The heterotic string

In the Type II theory we have seen that the left and right movers are essentially independent. At the level of the two-dimensional Lagrangian, there is a reflection symmetry between left and right movers; however, this symmetry does not hold sector by sector and is broken by boundary conditions and projectors. In the heterotic theory this independence is taken further, and the degrees of freedom of the left and right movers are taken to be independent – and different. There are two convenient world-sheet realizations of this theory, known as the fermionic and bosonic formulations. In both there are eight left-moving and eight right-moving X I s, associated with ten flat coordinates in space–time. There are eight right-moving two-dimensional fermions, ψ I . There is a right-moving supersymmetry but no left-moving supersymmetry. In the fermionic formulation there are, in addition, 32 left-moving fermions which have no obvious connection with space–time, λ A . In the bosonic description there are an additional 16 left-moving bosons. In other words, there are 24 left-moving bosonic degrees of freedom. There are actually several heterotic string theories in ten dimensions. Rather than attempt a systematic construction, we will describe the two supersymmetric examples. These have gauge groups O (32) and E 8 × E 8 . The group E8, one of the exceptional groups in Cartan's classification, is not very familiar to most physicists. However, it is in this theory that we can most easily find solutions which resemble the Standard Model. We will introduce certain features of E 8 group theory as we need them. More detail can be found in the suggested reading. In this chapter we will work principally in the fermionic formulation. We will develop some features of the bosonic formulation in later chapters, once we have introduced the compactification of strings. The O (32) theory The O (32) ( SO (32)) theory is somewhat simpler to write down, so we will develop it first. In this theory the 32 λ A fields are taken to be on an equal footing. The GSO projector, for the right movers, is as in the superstring theory. In the RNS formalism, in the NS sector we keep only states of odd fermion number and similarly in the Ramond sector, where fermion number includes a factor e i Γ11 . For the left movers, the conditions are different. Again, we have a Ramond and an NS sector.
Derivation of Scatter Kernel in CBCT Imaging System

An edge spread function method has been developed to determine the scatter kernel in kilo-voltage (kV) cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging system. We modeled the scatter as a depth dependent convolution kernel, and the kernel was derived for different object thickness up to 41 cm from measured data without assuming any empirical trial function for a Varian Trilogy CBCT system. The derived kernel can then be used for correcting the projection data, or incorporated in the reconstruction process.
CHAPTER 44 – Chemistry of Organophosphorus Insecticides

This chapter reviews chemistry of organophosphorus (OP) insecticides for toxicologist and others who desire a basic knowledge of this important class of toxicants. OP chemistry apparently began with the esterification of alcohols to phosphoric acid. OP insecticides may be considered to be derivatives of phosphoric acid or phosphonic acid in which all H atoms are replaced by organic moieties. OP insecticides; when kept cool, dark, and anhydrous; are usually quite stable. However, exposure to heat, light (especially ultraviolet), and/or water, may lead to chemical alterations. The three primary reactions involving the phosphorus atom and those immediately surrounding it are hydrolysis, oxidation, and rearrangement. The class of organophosphorus insecticides contains a diverse array of structures, all united by the presence of a pentavalent phosphorus atom with three singly bonded constituents and a coordinate covalent bond to either sulfur or oxygen.
Using Online Arbitration in E-Commerce DisputesA Study on B2B, B2C and C2C Disputes

This article provides a thorough analysis of the use of online arbitration in online disputes. It first defines online arbitration and provides a categorization of its different kinds. It then establishes which category of online arbitration is more suitable for e-commerce disputes considering the nature of the disputes, the relation between the parties and the parties’ access to technology. It concludes that using binding or non-binding online arbitration depends on the existence of trust between the parties. It then goes on to analyse the extent to which online arbitration can be held on the Internet without using offline mechanisms, and concludes that this is dependent on the nature of the transaction, the parties’ access to technology and the enforcement mechanisms.
Pre-hospital detection of acute ischemic stroke secondary to emergent large vessel occlusion: lessons learned from electrocardiogram and acute myocardial infarction

Currently, there is no device capable of detecting acute ischemic stroke (AIS) secondary to emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) in the pre-hospital setting. The inability to reliably identify patients that would benefit from primary treatment with endovascular thrombectomy remains an important limitation to optimizing emergency medical services (EMS) triage models and time-to-treatment. Several clinical grading scales that rely solely on clinical examination have been proposed and have demonstrated only moderate predictive ability for ELVO. Consequently, a technology capable of detecting ELVO in the pre-hospital setting would be of great benefit. An analogous scenario existed decades ago, in which pre-hospital detection of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was unreliable until the emergence of the 12-lead ECG and its adoption by EMS providers. This review details the implementation of pre-hospital ECG (PHECG) for the detection of AMI and explores how early experience with PHECG may be applied to ELVO detection devices, once they become available.
Nicolas Rashevsky: Mathematical Biophysicist

Nicolas Rashevsky was a pioneer in applying mathematics to biology. He is perhaps best known for his creation of neural net models and his applications of these models to a wide variety of problems in physiology and psychology.
An Archaean mushy mantle

Experimental data reveal that Earth’s mantle melts more readily than previously thought, and may have remained mushy until two to three billion years ago.
Grooming a CAT: customizing CAT administration rules to increase response efficiency in specific research and clinical settings

To evaluate the degree to which applying alternative stopping rules would reduce response burden while maintaining score precision in the context of computer adaptive testing (CAT). Analyses were conducted on secondary data comprised of CATs administered in a clinical setting at multiple time points (baseline and up to two follow ups) to 417 study participants who had back pain (51.3%) and/or depression (47.0%). Participant mean age was 51.3 years (SD = 17.2) and ranged from 18 to 86. Participants tended to be white (84.7%), relatively well educated (77% with at least some college), female (63.9%), and married or living in a committed relationship (57.4%). The unit of analysis was individual assessment histories (i.e., CAT item response histories) from the parent study. Data were first aggregated across all individuals, domains, and time points in an omnibus dataset of assessment histories and then were disaggregated by measure for domain-specific analyses. Finally, assessment histories within a “clinically relevant range” (score ≥ 1 SD from the mean in direction of poorer health) were analyzed separately to explore score level-specific findings. Two different sets of CAT administration rules were compared. The original CAT (CATORIG) rules required at least four and no more than 12 items be administered. If the score standard error (SE) reached a value < 3 points (T score metric) before 12 items were administered, the CAT was stopped. We simulated applying alternative stopping rules (CATALT), removing the requirement that a minimum four items be administered, and stopped a CAT if responses to the first two items were both associated with best health, if the SE was < 3, if SE change < 0.1 (T score metric), or if 12 items were administered. We then compared score fidelity and response burden, defined as number of items administered, between CATORIG and CATALT. CATORIG and CATALT scores varied little, especially within the clinically relevant range, and response burden was substantially lower under CATALT (e.g., 41.2% savings in omnibus dataset). Alternate stopping rules result in substantial reductions in response burden with minimal sacrifice in score precision.
Ignition and burn in inertially confined magnetized fuel

At the third International Conference on Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems, we presented computational results which suggested that breakeven'' experiments in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) may be possible with existing driver technology. We recently used the ICF simulation code LASNEX to calculate the performance of an idealized magnetized fuel target. The parameter space in which magnetized fuel operates is remote from that of both conventional'' ICF and magnetic confinement fusion devices. In particular, the plasma has a very high {beta} and is wall confined, not magnetically confined. The role of the field is to reduce the electron thermal conductivity and to partially trap the DT alphas. The plasma is contained in a pusher which is imploded to compress and adiabatically heat the plasma from an initial condition of preheat and pre-magnetization to the conditions necessary for fusion ignition. The initial density must be quite low by ICF standards in order to insure that the electron thermal conductivity is suppressed and to minimize the generation of radiation from the plasma. Because the energy loss terms are effectively suppressed, the implosion may proceed at a relatively slow rate of about 1 to 3 cm/{mu}s. Also, the need for low density fuel dictates a more » much larger target, so that magnetized fuel can use drivers with much lower power and power density. Therefore, magnetized fuel allows the use of efficient drivers that are not suitable for laser or particle beam fusion due to insufficient focus or too long pulse length. The ignition and burn of magnetized fuel involves very different dominant physical processes than does conventional'' ICF. The fusion time scale becomes comparable to the hydrodynamic time scale, but other processes that limit the burn in unmagnetized fuel are of no consequence. The idealized low gain magnetized fuel target presented here is large and requires a very low implosion velocity. 11 refs. « less
ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES OF NON-HISTONE PROTEINS IN CHROMATIN

Abstract: Tissue and cell-specific antibodies were elicited by injecting rabbits with dehistonized chromatin preparations. The specificity of these nuclear antigens was shown to change with differentiation and carcinogenesis. While several experimental tumors in rats appeared to share common chromatin-associated nuclear antigen(s), spontaneous human malignancies differed in their immunological specificity from each other as well as from the tissues of their origin. Experiments on Novikoff hepatoma and regenerating rat liver revealed that the nuclear antigens may be physically and immunologically heterogeneous.
Influence of Coil Configuration and Operating Conditions on Heat Transfer in Inductively Heated Risers

Electromagnetic (EM) induction heating of open top risers represents an energy-efficient method to preserve mass feeding whilst allowing for the use of a smaller riser and thus higher casting yield. Numerical simulation results for an ill-designed, concentric riser and casting assembly predicting the EM field characteristics and solidification behavior in such systems are presented herein. A vector potential formulation of the EM field was used and solved using a hybrid control volume/integral method, featuring temperature-dependent electrical conductivity. The heat transfer equation with phase change was also solved using the control volume technique. The computed results showed that use of induction heating could shift the hot spot from the casting to the riser. It was also found that use of higher coil frequencies produced a guard heating effect at the periphery of the riser, which was then applied using a new L-shaped coil geometry.
Understandings and Research Methods

In the history of modern education reforms, the concept of school turnaround is relatively new (Murphy & Meyers, 2008). The first known use of the term turnaround in an education context was by Rosenholtz in the mid-1980s (Peurach & Neumerski, 2015). A few years later the first actual case of school turnaround occurred in New York City. The Chancellor of New York City Schools sought the help of an organization called Turnaround for Children that was working to provide wrap-around services to students after the attacks on September 11th (Duke, 2012). Together they worked to develop a national program to help struggling schools. School turnaround gained prominence as a policy starting with the passage of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) in 2002 (Peck & Reitzug, 2014). The focus on school turnaround increased further with the passage of the School Improvement Grant (SIG) program in 2009 (Redding & Rhim, 2013). SIG was a central component of the Race to the Top (RTTT) program (part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, ARRA). SIG served as the main policy tool for improving the performance of historically struggling schools (Aladjem et al., 2010). These initiatives sought to apply “turnaround” improvement strategies that were utilized in the corporate sector (Murphy & Meyers, 2008).
Follow-up of Abnormal Estimated GFR Results Within a Large Integrated Health Care Delivery System: A Mixed-Methods Study

Background Timely follow-up of abnormal laboratory results is important for high-quality care. We sought to identify risk factors, facilitators, and barriers to timely follow-up of an abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Study Design Mixed-methods study: retrospective electronic health record (EHR) analyses, physician interviews. Setting & Participants Large integrated health care delivery system. Quantitative analyses included 244,540 patients 21 years or older with incident abnormal eGFRs from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2015, ordered by 7,164 providers. Qualitative analyses included 15 physician interviews. Exposures Patient-, physician-, and system-level factors. Outcome Timely follow-up of incident abnormal eGFRs, defined as repeat eGFR obtained within 60 to 150 days, follow-up testing before 60 days that indicated normal kidney function, or diagnosis before 60 days of chronic kidney disease or kidney cancer. Analytical Approach Multivariable robust Poisson regression models accounting for clustering within provider were used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs for lack of timely follow-up. Team coding was used to identify themes from physician interviews. Results 58% of patients lacked timely follow-up of their incident abnormal eGFRs (ie, had a care gap). An abnormal creatinine result flag in the EHR was associated with better follow-up (RR for care gap, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.64-0.66). Patient online portal use and physician panel size were weakly associated with follow-up. Patients seen by providers behind on managing their EHR message box were at higher risk for care gaps. Physician interviews identified system-level (eg, panel size and assistance in managing laboratory results) and provider-level (eg, proficiency using EHR tools) factors that influence laboratory result management. Limitations Unable to capture intentional delays in follow-up testing. Conclusions Timely follow-up of abnormal results remains challenging in an EHR-based integrated health care delivery system. Strategies improving provider EHR message box management and leveraging health information technology (eg, flagging abnormal eGFR results), making organizational/staffing changes (eg, increasing the role of nurses in managing laboratory results), and boosting patient engagement through better patient portals may improve test follow-up.
Strategic Enactment through the Exploitation of Operative Synergy

The achievement of profitable growth comes from pinpointing and exploiting synergistic opportunity. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological research study was to explore opportunities for synergistic growth using a single case study of a multi-unit firm by examining how a multinational organization could exploit operative synergy to realize growth in a dynamic market. During the study twenty-one propositions were listed as theory building elements for operative synergy exploitation in a multinational. Strategic enactment is critical for timing in dealing with business opportunities in light of the fact that product and service life-cycles are decreasing. Sustainable outcomes are achievable across multiple product or service life-cycles if strategic leadership within the sequence of life-cycles is optimized to achieve revenue opportunity.
Acute flaccid paralysis

Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) is a syndrome characterized by a diffuse, acute muscular weakness that develops with hypotonia and deep or abolished hypoactive reflexes. Literature review of the last five years in the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. Data were collected from epidemiological studies using the keywords. AFP includes heterogeneous diseases, variable clinical presentation, and correlated with a specific etiology. The differential diagnosis of acute flaccid paralysis includes spinal cord diseases, acute polyneuropathies, myoneural plaque dysfunction, and muscle disease. PFAs represents a set of disorders used by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an indicator of polio eradication. Therefore, the knowledge and understanding of the respective etiologies are necessary to make their differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Holy Communion on Canfield Drive: Listening, Liturgy, and Learning on a College Group Pilgrimage in Ferguson, Missouri

This article argues that listening to stories of community leaders and activists as well as writing a Eucharistic liturgy to practice together were effective elements of a pilgrimage that h...
Magneto-Optical Detection of Photoinduced Magnetism via Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity in 2D Chiral Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Perovskites

The recent convergence of chiral molecules with metal halide perovskite frameworks gives rise to an interesting family of chiral systems: two-dimensional, chiral hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (chiral-HOIPs). While possessing photovoltaic properties of traditional HOIPs, this class of materials is endowed with chirality through its organic ligands in which the degeneracy of the electron spin in charge transport is broken. That is, the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect manifests, making it a promising platform to bridge opto-spintronic studies and the CISS effect. In this work, chiral-HOIP/NiFe heterostructures are studied by means of the magneto-optical Kerr effect using a Sagnac interferometer. Upon illumination of the chiral-HOIPs, the Kerr signal at the chiral-HOIP/NiFe interface changes, and a linear dependence of the response on the magnetic field is observed. The sign of the slope was found to depend on the chirality of the HOIPs. The results demonstrate the utility of chiral-HOIP materials for chiral opto-spintronic applications.
Synthesis, characterization, and the effects of organo-grafted nanoparticles in nickel coatings for enhanced corrosion protection

Abstract Metal-organo-ceramic nanocomposite coatings were prepared via electrodeposition as corrosion protection coatings. A diazonium synthesis procedure was used to successfully graft ferrocene onto CeO2 nanoparticles. The modified nanoparticles were characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), solid-state NMR, electrochemical techniques, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A mixture of the grafted nanoparticles and nickel ions was added to an electrolyte plating solution for deposition of a Ni Fc-CeO2 nanocomposite coating onto steel substrate as a corrosion protection layer. The effect of CeO2 and ferrocene-CeO2 nanoparticles on the formation, morphology, composition, and corrosion resistance of the nickel coating was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electrochemical microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
Understanding Children’s Emotions: Differences in Mothers With a History of Childhood Maltreatment:

Experiencing maltreatment in childhood can have a lasting impact on how individuals identify and understand emotions in others. Research in this area has not examined parents' understanding of children's emotions, although emotion processing deficits may be one mechanism linking childhood maltreatment to subsequent parenting problems. In a matched case-control design, we test whether mothers with (n = 50) and without (n = 96) childhood maltreatment differ in their understanding of children's emotions on self-report measures and computer-based tasks. Compared to the control group, mothers who experienced maltreatment labeled more children with sad or angry emotions when given limited facial information and made different interpersonal inferences about children they labeled angry. They also reported more subjective difficulty interpreting emotions in unknown children and their own child. Results provide further evidence of emotion processing biases associated with childhood maltreatment. Interventions aimed at improving parental emotion understanding and mentalization may be particularly useful for mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment.
Fluid and electrolyte balance in children

Abstract Intravenous fluid and electrolyte management in paediatrics requires an understanding of the indication for intravenous fluid therapy and the underlying pathophysiology in order to meet requirements and avoid adverse events. Careful consideration needs to be given to the rate as well as the composition of intravenous therapy, and children's ongoing need should be reviewed regularly. Fluid therapy can be separated into maintenance fluids, replacement fluids that address electrolyte deficits and ongoing losses, and resuscitation fluids. We review the critical considerations when prescribing intravenous fluid for children and consider the challenges of non-osmotic secretion of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), hyponatraemic encephalopathy and other electrolyte abnormalities. Fluid management in children with diabetic ketoacidosis is also reviewed.
Soft actuators and their potential applications in rehabilitative devices

Abstract The field of robotics has led to many breakthroughs in a number of fields from manufacturing to medicine. There are systems that have been designed to perform the most intricate surgeries or assist during and after treatment. However, there is another major area which robotics has sought to improve: rehabilitation. Recovering from a physical injury can be a long and arduous process, with continued visits to medical practitioners, pain management, increased costs after the main treatment, etc. However, using robotic systems can help alleviate a large number of these problems that patients see after enduring a physical injury. Engineers and medical professionals have been working to create robotic systems, such as exoskeletons and assistive devices, which a patient can use to aid them in their recovery. Yet many of these systems are large and bulky, and the device becomes more of a hindrance to the patient than a help. However, with the advent of soft robotics (robotic systems made partially or completely of compliant materials), rehabilitative devices that do not hinder daily activity are becoming a reality. This advancement in rehabilitative technology is due to the driving mechanisms of soft robotic systems: soft actuators. There are different types of soft actuators that can be used, these include electroactive polymers (EAPs), ionic electroactive polymers (Ionic EAPs), and hybrid actuators (HAs). These actuators can be used during a patient’s daily activity and even can be worn on the body for consistent and convenient rehabilitation.
Fracture Sustainability in Enhanced Geothermal Systems: Experimental and Modeling Constraints

Author(s): Dobson, PF; Kneafsey, TJ; Nakagawa, S; Sonnenthal, EL; Voltolini, M; Smith, JT; Borglin, SE | Abstract: Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) offer the potential for a much larger energy source than conventional hydrothermal systems. Hot, low-permeability rocks are prevalent at depth around the world, but the challenge of extracting thermal energy depends on the ability to create and sustain open fracture networks. Laboratory experiments were conducted using a suite of selected rock cores (granite, metasediment, rhyolite ash-flow tuff, and silicified rhyolitic tuff) at relevant pressures (uniaxial loading up to 20.7 MPa and fluid pressures up to 10.3 MPa) and temperatures (150-250 °C) to evaluate the potential impacts of circulating fluids through fractured rock by monitoring changes in fracture aperture, mineralogy, permeability, and fluid chemistry. Because a fluid in disequilibrium with the rocks (deionized water) was used for these experiments, there was net dissolution of the rock sample: This increased with increasing temperature and experiment duration. Thermal-hydrological-mechanical-chemical (THMC) modeling simulations were performed for the rhyolite ash-flow tuff experiment to test the ability to predict the observed changes. These simulations were performed in two steps: A thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) simulation to evaluate the effects of compression of the fracture, and a thermal-hydrological-chemical (THC) simulation to evaluate the effects of hydrothermal reactions on the fracture mineralogy, porosity, and permeability. These experiments and simulations point out how differences in rock mineralogy, fluid chemistry, and geomechanical properties influence how long asperity-propped fracture apertures may be sustained. Such core-scale experiments and simulations can be used to predict EGS reservoir behavior on the field scale.
Small bowel diverticulitis - Spectrum of CT findings and review of the literature.

Abstract Purpose To review the CT findings and complications of small bowel diverticulitis (SBD) and discuss clinical presentations and outcomes. Methods A text search of radiology reports within our health system for cases of small bowel diverticulitis yielded 95 cases. All cases were reviewed by an abdominal radiologist with equivocal cases reviewed by a second abdominal radiologist for consensus. Retrospective analysis of CT imaging findings was performed on 67 convincing cases of SBD. Results Small bowel diverticulitis most often affected the jejunum (58%) and the duodenum (26%). The most common imaging feature was peridiverticular inflammation manifested by peridiverticular edema, diverticular wall thickening, bowel wall thickening, and fascial thickening. Edema was typically seen along the mesenteric border of the bowel with relative sparing of the anti-mesenteric side. When a prior CT was available, the affected diverticulum was identified in 95% of cases. Fecalized content within the affected diverticulum was observed in 51% of cases. Perforation (6%) and abscess (6%) were the most common complications. Conclusion Small bowel diverticulitis is an uncommon cause of abdominal pain which can mimic an array of abdominal pathologies, although the reported mortality rate of 40–50% may no longer be accurate. The “fecalized diverticulum” sign can be helpful in identifying the culprit diverticulum and aid diagnosing SBD. Findings of perforation and or abscess formation are critical as they may impact management.
Storm risk and marine fisheries: a global assessment

Abstract Coastal storms can affect marine fisheries in multiple ways and have the potential to negatively affect the socio-economic well-being of fishery dependent coastal nations. To date, storm risk to marine fisheries is poorly understood. This study provides a global assessment of coastal nations’ risk to storm impacts on their fisheries. We calculated a risk index of coastal nations to storms using the 5th IPCC risk framework. We find that tropical countries in the Caribbean, South- East Asia, and Oceania are most at risk, with multiple Small Island Developing States ranking the highest. Most coastal nations in Africa ranked low for overall risk, due to low exposure, but highest in terms of vulnerability. In addition, we detect a positive correlation between fishery specific adaptive capacity and the general adaptive capacity of coastal countries, suggesting that the capacities of fisheries to respond to climate change might be related to broader national adaptation capacities. The index provides can be used to guide the development of targeted strategies for increasing adaptive capacity of fishery dependent nations to storms, which are a significant threat to the well-being of coastal nations.
Experimental investigation of scavenging in two-stroke engines using continuous CO2 sampling:

In internal combustion engines, the chemical composition of the trapped fuel-air-residual gas mixture controls the nature of combustion, which, in turn, determines the characteristics of the ensuin...
Rate of Leptomeningeal Enhancement in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Encephalomyelitis.

Introduction:Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-abs) are associated with demyelinating diseases. Leptomeningeal enhancement occurs in 6% of adult MOG-abs patients but rates in pedi...
Contexto sociocultural y político de la laicidad

La puesta en escena de la cultura se produce en el momento que la educacion va formando mujeres y hombres en la sociedad. La multidimensionalidad del hombre requirio desde el inicio una formacion que integrara la totalidad de la persona. La escuela catolica ha tratado de responder a dicha terea, mediante la evangelizacion desde la escuela, cuyo proposito consiste fundamentalmente en formar ciudadanos del cielo y de la tierra. No obstante, el contexto social genera la secularizacion de las dimensiones de la vida cotidiana. El posicionamiento del liberalismo como ideologia politica y economica requiere un Estado laico que garantice libertades de credo y culto. La experiencia mexicana de los ultimos dos siglos vivira de modo particular este proceso en que la lucha por el poder entre Iglesia y Estado hacen de la laicidad un conflicto de intereses.
EQUILIBRIUM IN A SYSTEM OF COMMUNITIES WITH LOCAL PUBLIC GOODS A Diagrammatic Exposition

Abstract Equilibrium community configurations are analysed using a simple model where a community's public good output is chosen by majority voting and financed by a head tax. Examples which contradict the Tiebout hypothesis are presented.
Abstract P225: Association Between Perfluoralkyl Acids and Self-Reported Stroke or Cerebral Vascular Accident

PFCs are a class of man-made compounds developed after WWII for use as plasticizers, wetting agents, and as emulsifiers during industrial manufacturing processes. Several lines of research suggest a direct and indirect role for PFCs in stroke and stroke outcome, including: detection in human brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid and relationships to conditions known to affect stroke, including: homocysteine and blood pressure, thyroid function; immune function, and hypercholesterolemia. The C8 Health Project resulted from a pre-trial settlement of the class action lawsuit filed after PFOA was found to have infiltrated several local drinking water supplies along the mid-Ohio River valley. Final enrollment totaled 69,030 participants. We tested the hypothesis that PFCs were associated with self-reported stroke or cerebral vascular accident. The primary independent variables of interest were the serum concentrations (ng/mL) of 7 different PFCs (PFHxA, PFHS, PFHpA, PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFDA), partitioned into age and gender-specific quintiles. Covariates included in this analyses were: demographic; lifestyle / modifiable risk factors; and medical risk factors. We did not include race as a covariate (≥97% of C8 Health Project participants self-identified as white). The primary dependent variable of interest was self-reported stroke or cerebral vascular accident. In univariate analysis (ANOVA), PFHpA and PFOS levels were higher in participants with Stroke/CVA, but PFNA was lower in participants with Stroke/CVA. Results from logistic regression analysis are presented. For four of seven chemicals included in the analysis, there were statistically significant associations with prevalent Stroke/CVA. PFHxA was associated with increased prevalence of Stroke/CVA, whereas PFHS, PFOS, and PFNA were associated with a decreased prevalence of Stroke/CVA. Thus, results from this preliminary analysis support an associations between PFCs and prevalent Stroke/CVA that warrant further, more rigorous investigation.
Using pseudocode to teach problem solving

Teaching students how to solve problems is one of the biggest challenges of most Computer Science (CS) courses. An algorithm is by definition a set of well defined steps to solve a problem. Programs are algorithms written in one of many programming languages. Recommended methods for teaching students how to solve problems include a focus on mathematics, flowcharts, UML, pseudocode, and other methods. In this paper we describe an approach that emphasizes the use of pseudocode in the introductory CS course as described in the ACM Curriculum 2001 [1]. Our approach is to teach students how to first develop a pseudocode representation of a solution to a problem and then create the code from that pseudocode. We suggest that this approach improves a student's problem solving skills while teaching the concepts required in the introductory courses.