cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Thermal expansion of indium-thallium alloys in the vicinity of the f.c.c.-f.c.t. transition☆

Abstract An interferometric technique was used to determine the expansion behavior of indium-thallium alloys in the temperature range 4.2 °–360 °K and in the composition range 19–35 at.%thallium. Extensive data were accumulated for four single crystals in this region, and supplementary data from five polycrystalline specimens were taken. The data indicate the existence of a narrow two-phase region,
Microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia in patients with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND Microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trigeminal nerve is a well-established procedure for the treatment of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. Multiple sclerosis (MS) has long been considered a contraindication for this procedure, due to the known polycentric nature of the disease. Medical treatment followed by percutaneous procedures provide relief for the great majority of these patients. There exists a small subgroup of patients with trigeminal neuralgia who are diagnosed with MS only after a microvascular decompression procedure has been performed. Furthermore, management of the patient with known MS whose pain continues to recur, despite maximal medical therapy and multiple percutaneous procedures, can be exceedingly difficult. METHODS Five patients with MS, three who had undergone multiple unsuccessful percutaneous procedures and two in whom the diagnosis of MS had not been established, underwent exploration of the cerebellopontine angle. Three patients underwent MVD alone, and two (both with known MS) underwent MVD and partial section of the trigeminal nerve. RESULTS Patients who underwent microvascular decompression alone did not have satisfactory relief of pain. Patients who underwent partial sectioning of the nerve did better. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MS and symptoms of typical trigeminal neuralgia may benefit from exploration of the cerebellopontine angle and partial sectioning of the nerve. MVD alone fails to provide adequate or reliable relief of pain.
Study of Polarization Differences in Ku-Band Ocean Radar Imagery

Abstract Radar returns from the sea surface can be represented as the sum of two contributions from Bragg scattering and from individual breaking events. This representation is used to analyze polarimetric radar images of ocean areas obtained at grazing angles 6°<ψ<18° with the airborne Ku-band radar in the New York Bight. All images were obtained for light and moderate winds and can be divided into three types according to texture differences. Images obtained confirm that there are differences between returns for horizontal/horizontal (HH) and vertical/vertical (VV) polarizations for the three types. The first type agrees qualitatively with predictions of the two-scale Bragg model, whereas the other two do not. The second and third types have a significant spike contribution from breaking events at both polarizations. The last type reveals drastic differences between images obtained using HH and VV polarizations. The polarization dissimilarity is a result of a low correlation between the spike clusters i...
Parvalbumin-Positive Basket Cells Differentiate among Hippocampal Pyramidal Cells

CA1 pyramidal cells (PCs) are not homogeneous but rather can be grouped by molecular, morphological, and functional properties. However, less is known about synaptic sources differentiating PCs. Using paired recordings in vitro, two-photon Ca(2+) imaging in vivo, and computational modeling, we found that parvalbumin-expressing basket cells (PVBCs) evoked greater inhibition in CA1 PCs located in the deep compared to superficial layer of stratum pyramidale. In turn, analysis of reciprocal connectivity revealed more frequent excitatory inputs to PVBCs by superficial PCs, demonstrating bias in target selection by both the excitatory and inhibitory local connections in CA1. Additionally, PVBCs further segregated among deep PCs, preferentially innervating the amygdala-projecting PCs but receiving preferential excitation from the prefrontal cortex-projecting PCs, thus revealing distinct perisomatic inhibitory interactions between separate output channels. These results demonstrate the presence of heterogeneous PVBC-PC microcircuits, potentially contributing to the sparse and distributed structure of hippocampal network activity.
737–4 Serum Cardiac Troponln T Measurements in Unstable Angina: An Early, Accurate Marker of Increased Risk

Mild myocardial damage due to prolonged ischemia or platelet microemboli may be common in unstable angina and may be predictive of early complications. To test these hypotheses, we screened 486 consecutive patients presenting to a hospital emergency room with chest pain to identify 131 with unstable angina. All had measurements of serum troponin T, creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB on admission. A CK level g 225 U/l, a CK-MB g 10 ng/ml or a troponin T g 0.1 μg/L were considered elevated. Troponin T levels were not reported to the treating physician. All patients were followed prospectively for 3 weeks to tabulate coronary events. Troponin T levels were elevated in 26 patients (20%) and normal in 105. All 8 of the patients with minor elevations of CK-M B also had elevated troponin T; CK-MB was normal in all patients with normal troponin T. Patients with elevated troponin T levels were older (74 ± 10 vs 63 ± 12 years, p l 0.001) but did not differ from patients with normal levels with respect to risk factors or other clinical features. However, as shown in the table, coronary events occurred significantly more frequently in patients with elevated troponin T levels: Troponin T on admission: Normal Elevated p Patients 105 26 – Myocardial infarction 3(3%) 8(31%) l 0.001 Refractory angina 9 (9%) 4 (15%) NS Revascularization 32 (30%) 17 (65%) = 0.001 Pts with cardiac events 42 (40%) 25 (96%) l 0.001 Only one of the 26 patients with elevated troponin T levels was controlled with medical therapy alone, compared to 62 of the 105 with normal levels (4% vs 59%, P ± 0.001). The cutpoint of g 0.1 μg/L had a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 87% in predicting refractory angina/myocardial infarction. Conclusion Serum troponin T levels are elevated on admission in one fifth of unselected unstable angina patients. These patients have a very high rate of myocardial infarction and refractory angina despite medical treatment, and most of them undergo revascularization. Troponin T levels are an independent and potentially useful predictor of early coronary events in unstable angina.
Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-USA Form: Psychometric Properties and Relation to Vocational Identity.

Abstract This article reports construction and initial validation of the United States form of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS). The CAAS consists of four scales, each with six items, which measure concern, control, curiosity, and confidence as psychosocial resources for managing occupational transitions, developmental tasks, and work traumas. Internal consistency estimates for the subscale and total scores ranged from good to excellent. The factor structure was quite similar to the one computed for combined data from 13 countries. An attempt to strengthen the subscale internal consistency estimates and coherence of the factor structure by adding additional items failed. In the end the USA Form is identical to the International Form. Concurrent validity evidence was collected relative to career identity, given that adaptability and identity have been identified as meta-competencies for career construction in information societies. Relations between career adaptability and vocational identity formation processes and status outcomes were as predicted.
Interference between pluton expansion and non-coaxial tectonic deformation: three-dimensional computer model and field implications

Abstract Structures in orogenic belts are greatly controlled by interactions between pluton-related and tectonic-related strain fields. However, many aspects of the geometry and evolution of these structures are poorly known. For example. (1) What is the geometry of these structures if regional deformation is coaxial? (2) How does this geometry change with progressive deformation? This paper describes a three-dimensional simulation of strain shape and magnitude as well as foliation and lineation patterns formed by interactions between pluton expansion and homogeneous coaxial deformation. This simulation suggests that interactions between pluton expansion and regional uniaxial shortening generate patterns that are distinct from the patterns produced by regional uniaxial extension or regional non-coaxial deformation. For example: shortening produces doughnut-shaped constrictional rings about the pluton, whereas extension produces apple-shaped flattening regions around the pluton. In addition, shortening produces one continuous doughnut-shaped low-strain region around the pluton. On the other hand, extension creates two separate ellipsoidal low-strain regions at the ends of the pluton. Furthermore, shortening forms foliation rings that have triangular two-dimensional sections, and lineation is concentric around the axis of maximum shortening. In contrast, extension produces two separate foliation and lineation cones at the ends of the pluton. All these structural and strain elements migrate away from the pluton with increasing expansion rates and towards the pluton with increasing tectonic deformation rates. Although structural studies around plutons should always integrate microstructural, radiometric and field measurements, simulation-generated patterns can be used to evaluate: (1) origin, geometry and evolution of structures around plutons; (2) mechanisms that explain inclusion trails within porphyroblasts; (3) contribution of pluton-related strains to strains measured in the country rock; and (4) type and three-dimensional orientation of regional kinematic schemes.
Diabetics' Self-Report of Medical Utilization: A Test of Validity:

This report details a test of the validity of long-term estimates of medical utilization rate among a chronically ill population. The relationship between diabetics' reported frequencies of ambulatory visits to the Diabetes Center over an 18-mo. period and clinic recorded data were evaluated. A high, positive, and significant correlation was observed, providing support for the validity of self-reports. An unexpected finding was that 60% of the subjects over-estimated frequency of clinic visits. The need for empirical assessment of this commonly used measure is discussed.
John Charnley—Father of Modern Total Hip Replacement

In the 1960s, the world of orthopedic surgery turned its full attention to the small town of Wrightington, Lancashire, England, as John Charnley (1911–1982) mesmerized his colleagues with advances ...
Maladaptive anticipatory saccades in schizophrenia

We compared the saccades made by 8 neuroleptic-treated and 7 drug-free schizophrenic inpatients with those made by 11 normal controls during two eye movement tasks. The first task was designed to elicit visually guided but not internally guided saccades. The second task was designed so that optimal performance required saccades be guided on the basis of an internal representation of target behavior. During the first task, schizophrenics made visually guided saccades that were as accurate as those made by control, but both drug-free and neuroleptic-treated schizophrenics made intrusive saccades at a significantly higher rate than control subjects. Most of these maladaptive saccades appeared to be premature attempts to anticipate target jump. During the second eye movement task, which for optimal performance required use of an internal representation to guide eye movements, most patients learned to anticipate target jump as well as controls. However, neuroleptic-treated patients made significantly smaller adaptive anticipatory saccades than either drug-free schizophrenic patients or normal subjects. These finding are discussed as they relate to the prefrontal cortex-basal ganglia circuits involved in the regulation of behavior by representational knowledge and the idea that the abnormal anticipatory saccades we observed represent a failure in the sensorimotor gating of information derived from internal representations.
Computational study of fluxional hydride bridged binuclear transition metal complexes: Effect of secondary bridging ligands

Abstract The binuclear complex [Ir 2 (CH 3 )(CO) 2 (dppm) 2 ] + (dppm = Ph 2 PCH 2 PPh 2 ) coordinates the olefins of 1,3-butadiene and catalyzes double geminal C–H activation via a proposed fluxional hydride migration. Using DFT computational studies, we examine the fluxional behavior of three model hydride bridged bimetallic systems to elucidate the main factors in this transformation. Our results indicate that the bridging ligand opposite the μ-H controls the barrier to hydride fluxionality and that breaking this bridging interaction is the largest component of the transition state barrier. We found a low barrier, a medium barrier, and a high barrier in systems with no bridging ligand, a partial μ-CO, and μ-CH 2 , respectively. The respective systems with their corresponding barriers are: (1) [RhRe(μ-H)(CO) 4 (dhpm) 2 ] + , 2.4 kcal/mol, (2) [IrRu(μ-H)(μ-CO)(CO) 3 (dhpm) 2 ] 2+ , 8.5 kcal/mol, and (3) [RhOs(μ-H)(μ-CH 2 )(CO) 3 PH 3 (dhpm) 2 ] 2+ , 26.4 kcal/mol (dhpm = PH 2 CH 2 PH 2 ). The predicted fluxional hydride migration in the activation of 1,3-butadiene occurs easily and is consistent with these findings.
Robust Gradient Estimation Schemes Using Radial Basis Functions

Utilization of Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) for gradient estimation is tested over various noisy flow fields. A novel mathematical formulation which minimizes the energy functional associated with the analytical surface fit for Gaussian (GA) and Generalized Multiquadratic (GMQ) RBFs is presented. Error analysis of the wall gradient estimation was performed at various resolutions, interpolation grid sizes, and noise levels in synthetically generated Poiseuille and Womersley flow fields for RBFs along with standard finite difference schemes. To test the effectiveness of the methods with DPIV (Digital Particle Image Velocimetry) data, the methods were compared using the velocities obtained by processing images generated from DNS data of an open turbulent channel. Random, bias and total error were computed in all cases. In the absence of noise all tested methods perform well, with error contained under 10% at all resolutions. In the presence of noise the RBFs perform robustly with a total error that can be contained under 10–15% even with 10% noise using various interpolation grid sizes, For turbulent flow data, although the total error is approximately 5% for finite difference schemes in the absence of noise, the error can go as high as 150% in the presence of as little as 1% noise. With DPIV processed data the error is 25–40% for TPS and MQ methods optimization of the fitting parameters that minimize the energy functional associated with the analytical surface using RBFs results in robust gradient estimators are obtained that are applicable to steady, unsteady and turbulent flow fields.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Solid single-source metal organic chemical vapor deposition of yttria-stabilized zirconia

Abstract Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin films with yttria content between 5 and 30 mol% were deposited onto r -plane (1012) Al 2 O 3 , c -plane (0001) Al 2 O 3 and Si (001) substrates by solid single-source metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) from Y(thd) 3 and Zr(thd) 4 precursors in the temperature range 450–850°C at a pressure of 0.40 kPa. With this delivery technique, growth rates as high as 0.7 μ m min −1 and as low as 2 nm min −1 could be achieved reproducibly and controllably by varying the source feeding rate. The composition could be controlled precisely by varying the proportions of each precursor in the precursor mixture above a substrate temperature of 600°C. YSZ thin films exhibit highly aligned columnar or fine-grained microstructures below this value.
Continuous high-grade mycobacterium avium-intracellulare bacteremia in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Abstract Serial quantitative blood cultures were performed before and during treatment in four patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare bacteremia. Initial colony counts were 350 to 28,000 cfu/ml, the counts declined substantially with treatment in two patients, and they declined modestly with treatment but rose when it was stopped in the other two. In one patient who was studied In detail, most of the circulating organisms were within the leukocytes, colony counts in blood subjected to lytic agents were 1.9- to 5.2-fold higher than In unlysed blood, and there were 10 5 to 10 6 times more organisms per gram in several tissue specimens obtained at autopsy than per milliliter of blood. It is concluded that continuous high-grade bacteremia is common in patients with AIDS and severe M. avium-intracellulare infections and that serial quantitative blood cultures provide a potential means for studying treatment in these patients.
EPIMERITE–HOST EPITHELIUM RELATIONSHIPS AMONG EUGREGARINES PARASITIZING THE DAMSELFLIES ENALLAGMA CIVILE AND ISCHNURA VERTICALIS

The host–parasite interface between 2 species of damselflies and 4 species of eugregarines was examined at the ultrastructural level. Nubenocephalus nebraskensis organisms attached to the host midgut epithelium by means of a sucker-like protomerite; the space between the epicytic folds and host epithelium was filled with electron-dense material interpreted to be adhesive in nature. Actinocephalus carrilynnae organisms attached by means of the epimerite, which had no epicytic folds, and by the fluted stalk with characteristic epicytic folds; host cell and parasite membranes appeared fused at some places on the epimerite. Hoplorhynchus acanthatholius organisms attached by means of an ovoid epimerite with backward-pointing digitations; the entire epimerite was embedded in a host cell, and host cell microvilli surrounded the stalk. Steganorhynchus dunwoodyi organisms attached by means of an ovoid stalk papilla enclosed in a retractable globular sheath; the papilla was covered with epicytic folds, but the shea...
Silicon Steel With A-C and D-C Exciation

Magnetic tests on silicon steel at 60 cycles with superposed d-c excitation are described in this article. The results, which are expressed in the form of curves, constitute an addition to existing data on this subject, and should be helpful to designers of apparatus in which combined alternating and direct Magnetic fields exist.
Renormalization-group study of superfluidity and phase separation of helium mixtures immersed in a disordered porous medium

Superfluidity and phase separation in {sup 3}He-{sup 4}He mixtures immersed in aerogel are studied by renormalization-group theory. The quenched disorder imposed by aerogel, both at the atomic level and at the geometric level, is included. The calculation is conducted via the coupled renormalization-group mappings, near and away from aerogel, of the quenched probability distributions of random interactions. Random-bond effects on the onset of superfluidity and random-field effects on superfluid-superfluid phase separation are seen. The quenched randomness causes the {lambda} line of second-order phase transitions of superfluidity onset to reach zero temperature, in agreement with general predictions and experiments. The effects of the atomic and geometric randomness of aerogel are investigated separately and jointly. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Biotinidase activity in patients with phenylketonuria.

In patients with biotinidase deficiency, an autosomal recessive condition (McKusick 253260) (Wolf et al 1985), skin rashes, alopecia, seizures, hypotonia, developmental regression and ataxia occur usually after the age of 3 months. Additionally, seborrhoeic or atopic dermatitis (eczema) are common symptoms in untreated phenylketonuria patients (PKU) (McKusick 261600), and Burton et al (1975) have found that there is an abnormality in their sebaceous gland function. We therefore measured biotinidase activity in plasma of PKU children under dietary treatment . . . . . . Fifty-three patients with classic phenylketonuria were classified into two groups according to their annual mean plasma phenylalanine concentration (Phe mean). Group A (n--27), mean age 4.8 +3.5 years, had good compliance with the special diet; their Phe mean was 192+ll .5/nnol/L. Group B (n=26), mean age 7.9+3.7 years, did not adhere very well to this diet; their Phe mean was 597+ 187/maol/L. Group C (n=21), mean age 6.7+2.3 years, was the control group with Phe mean 109_+24/zmol/L. All PKU patients had been put on the special Phe-restricted diet during their neonatal period. Nine (38%) of the patients in group B suffered from seborrhoeic dermatitis or eczema. Blood (5ml) was withdrawn from each individual for biotinidase assay and liver function tests. Phe was measured with a quantitative enzymatic assay on dried blood samples on filter paper (2992 Schleicher-Schull) with Porton Cambridge reagents. Biotinidase activity was assayed with a fluorimetric method (Ebrahim and Dekisnamur 1986). At the time of blood collection for biotinidase assay, the mean phenylalanine concentration was 133+24/nnol/L in group A, which was statistically significantly different from that of group B at 473+127/zmol/L. Biotinidase activity in group A (5 .58+l .77nmol /min per L) was not significantly different from the controls (5.98+2.08nmol/min per L). However, the mean biotinidase activity in group B (4.21 + 1.68nmol/min per L) was significantly decreased (p--0.006) compared to that of group A as well as to that of controls (p<0.001). Biotinidase activity in group A did not correlate with mean phenylalanine concentration (r=0.08) nor that at the time of investigation (r=0.23). In contrast, in group B biotinidase activity correlated negatively with Phe mean ( r=-0 .59) and Phe concentration at the time of investigation (r---0.60). Vegetables and fruits, which are the main part of the PKU diet (group A), contain watersoluble forms of biotin. The PKU children in group B, who do not adhere well to the special diet, consume more animal products, in which biotin is in firmly bound complexes insoluble in water. However, biotin deficiency does not alter biotinidase activity in vitro: the activities in the sera of several patients who became biotin-deficient were normal (Wolf
The Millimeter- and Submillimeter-Wave Spectrum of Oxiranecarbonitrile

A number of nitrogen-containing organic molecules, such as the cyanopolyynes, have been detected in dense interstellar clouds, and saturated species such as ethyl cyanide (CH3CH2CN) have been found in "hot-core" type sources. One nitrogen-containing molecule of special interest is the pre-biotic three-membered ring species oxiranecarbonitrile (c-C3H3NO). A prior attempt to detect this species toward a variety of sources failed, but this attempt was based on low-frequency laboratory data. To facilitate a more effective interstellar search, we have studied the millimeter- and submillimeter-wave spectrum of the vibrational ground state of oxiranecarbonitrile. With the fast-scan submillimeter spectroscopic technique (FASSST), we have measured and analyzed over 1300 new spectral lines at frequencies up to 360 GHz. Fitting the data to a set of spectroscopic parameters from the Watson A-reduced form of the asymmetric-top Hamiltonian has allowed us to predict the frequencies and intensities of many more transitions through 400 GHz.
Translocation of a hydrocarbon fluorescent probe between Epstein-Barr virus and lymphoid cells: An assay for early events in viral infection

Abstract Translocation of the hydrocarbon fluorescent probe diphenylhexatriene (DPH) between membranes was studied by fluorescence polarization (P) analysis. First, using a model system, the high P value (0.324) of DPH-labeled cholesterol/phosphatidylcholine liposomes and the low P value (0.157) of DPH-labeled phosphatidylcholine liposomes allowed detection of DPH translocation between interacting liposomes. This was monitored by the change in P in either direction. Early events during cell-virus interactions were similarly studied by monitoring DPH translocation. The P value of DPH-labeled Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) was significantly higher (0.350-0.392) than the P value of DPH-labeled lymphoid cells (0.238-0.289). Hence, DPH translocation could be detected by changes in P following incubation of DPH-labeled EBV and nonlabeled cells. A marked decrease in P was observed after incubation of DPH-labeled EBV with either nonlabeled lymphoblastoid Raji cells or fresh human B lymphocytes. However, only a slight decrease in P was obtained when DPH-labeled EBV was incubated with either nonlabeled fresh human T lymphocytes or fresh T or B rabbit lymphocytes. Moreover, incubation of fresh human B lymphocytes with the purified C3 component of complement (a putative inhibitor for the EBV receptor) prior to the addition of DPH-labeled EBV abolished the observed decrease in the P value. Most of these experiments were carried out with both the P3HR-1 and the B95-8 strains of EBV. DPH translocation, as determined by fluorescence polarization analysis, is, therefore, measuring some early event during interaction of this enveloped virus and mammalian cells. The potential applicability of this technique to other viruses is illustrated by an experiment with Semliki Forest virus.
Viscosity prediction through extrapolation with the congruence principle

Measured viscosities of mixtures of hexane and tetradecane are used to predict viscosities in three binary and one ternary system containing hexadecane. Predictions are based upon extrapolation, by means of the restricted congruence principle, of the excess Cibbs free energy of activation for flow. The errors in that function thereby range from 2.3 to 14.8 cal/mole for the several systems, and the corresponding errors in viscosity from 0.5 to 2.5%. On a determine les viscosites de melanges d'hexane et de tetradecane pour predire celles qu'on rencontre dans trois systemes binaires et un systeme ternaire contenant de l'hexadecane. Les predictions sont basees sur l'extrapolation, au moyen du principe de congruence restreinte, de l'exces d'energie libre d'activation de Gibbs pour l'ecoulement. Les erreurs dans la fonction varient entre 2.3 et 14.8 calories par molecule pour les differents systemes, ce qui donne une erreur correspondante dans la viscosite de 0.5 a 2.5%.
Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Elderly Persons: A Device-Based Approach

The management of ventricular arrhythmias in elderly persons has undergone a dramatic evolution over the past 10 years. Although life-threatening arrhythmias in elderly persons have been traditionally managed with a variety of pharmacologic agents, this population presents special challenges from pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic perspectives. Drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and efficacy are often altered in elderly patients, resulting in a substantially narrowed therapeutic window. Nonpharmacologic therapy for ventricular arrhythmias has the advantage of not being subject to changes in metabolism, and due to recent technological advances in transvenous lead design as well as improved programming flexibility and reduction in device size, device-based therapy for malignant ventricular arrhythmias has become more attractive for use in elderly patients. Several recent studies have suggested that device-based therapy provides superior protection from malignant arrhythmias for both primary and secondary prevention indications. The majority of these studies suggest that the benefits of device-based therapy are conferred to patients independent of age. In addition, the complication rate of such therapy appears to be independent of age.
Anatomic features of the left main coronary artery and factors associated with its bifurcation angle: a 3-dimensional quantitative coronary angiographic study.

Objective: To assess the anatomic characteristics of the left main coronary artery (LM), and the relation between anatomic and clinical factors and the LM bifurcation angle (BA) using a novel, three dimensional quantitative coronary angiography (3D QCA) software. Background: Percutaneous intervention of the LM is a therapeutic option in selected patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The anatomic features of the LM and its BA are determinants of procedural success and clinical outcome. However, those features and the factors that may affect the LM BA have not been fully described. Methods: The LM anatomy was evaluated from angiograms of 203 patients (age = 66 ± 11 years, 31% female) with and without LM CAD using 3D QCA analysis (IC-PRO, Paieon, Israel). LM size as well as the proximal BA (between LM and LCX) and the distal BA (between left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX)) were measured in end-diastole. Angiographic and clinical findings were also recorded. Results: 133/203 patients (65%) had no LM CAD. 3D QCA analysis demonstrated significant variability in the anatomy of the normal LM, including the LM branch vessels (LAD, LCX) diameter, and the LM BA. Among the 70 patients with LM CAD, 44 had distal LM disease. Importantly, patients with distal LM CAD had narrower proximal BA and a wider distal BA. Multivariate analysis (adjusted for clinical and anatomic variables) identified female sex (P = 0.02), trifurcation anatomy (P = 0.009), age > 75 years (P = 0.0009), and LM length > 12 mm (P = 0.001) as independent associates of the proximal BA. Independent associates of the distal BA were: trifurcation anatomy (P = 0.001), LM length > 12 mm (P 75 years (P = 0.004), and a history of coronary bypass surgery (P = 0.04). Conclusions: The current study demonstrates significant variability in the anatomy of the LM. The LM BA differs between patients with and without distal LM CAD, and both anatomic and clinical factors may affect the LM BA. Our findings also emphasize the possible usefulness of 3D QCA in the assessment of the LM. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improvisational choreography in teleservice work

This naturalistic study of the ordinary work practice of sales representatives employed by the call centre of a large office-equipment company focuses on the actions of those sales reps during their calls with customers. We show how this work performance is organized through an improvisational choreography of action involving not only the turn-by-turn interchange with customers on the telephone but also the concurrent utilization of a variety of tools and artefacts. While 'improvise' and 'choreograph' may appear to be conceptually incongruent, our analysis demonstrates that even though these teleservice workers recurrently fabricate their actions out of materials and means that are conveniently on hand, the convenience is often carefully arranged to afford such extemporaneous composition. Finally, we conclude from this analysis that the traditional topics of 'work routines' and 'routinization' need to be respecified in order to take into account how any 'routine' is a contingently produced result (and in this centre, a craft-like performance).
Assessment of Conductive Dysfunction: Wideband Acoustic Immittance

The conductive mechanism plays an important role in our hearing: the first stage of signal processing in the auditory system. While it consists of the ear canal, the crucial portion is the middle ear system, which transforms airborne sound into mechanical vibration and helps improve sound transmission into the fluid-filled inner ear. Hearing loss due to dysfunction of the middle ear system may be threatening to the quality of life for humans. For example, conductive hearing loss may significantly impact normal speech and language development of children. Assessment of middle ear dysfunction is essential for audiological diagnosis of hearing loss and differential diagnosis of ear diseases. For instance, middle ear dysfunction may cloud outcomes of newborn hearing screening. Acoustic immittance is the current clinical technique for assessment of middle ear dysfunction. The major procedures include tympanometry and acoustic reflex test. In these procedures, a single-frequency probe tone (e.g., 226 Hz and 1000 Hz) is used to estimate the acoustic impudence/admittance of the middle ear. Although they have been a clinical routine in audiology since 1970s, value of these procedures in assessment of conductive dysfunction has been limited.
Analysis of the Temperature-Dependent Phonon Structure in Sodium Nitrite by Raman Spectroscopy

The temperature behavior of the TO-phonon frequencies and line shapes in NaN${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, as observed by Raman spectroscopy, is reported for temperatures from 20 to 250\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The Raman spectra of the ferroelectric phase obeyed the selection rules of the ${C}_{2V}^{20}$ space group. In the paraelectric Raman spectra, extra resonances (six instead of the expected three) were found. This anomaly and accompanying line asymmetries are accounted for by recognizing the effect of the nitrite-ion disordering along the $b$ axis upon lattice states. Additionally, in the paraelectric Raman spectra [polarized and ($\mathrm{bc}$)], a redundant appearance of the symmetric internal vibrations was observed, from which we conclude that above the phase-transition temperature there is a large torsional oscillation of the N${\mathrm{O}}_{2}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ion about the $a$ axis. Significantly, the librational frequency associated with this torsional oscillation softened at key temperatures, the temperatures at which long- and short-range orders are lost. From our data, we conclude that the nitrogen atom jumps between two equivalent lattice sites by the flipping of the nitrite ion about the $a$ axis, and we suggest that temperature-dependent coupling between normal modes precipitates this flipping. A careful search of the Raman spectra 3 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ from the frequency of the incident laser revealed no "Cochran" soft modes or supernumerary modes, such as a dipole wave, that might explain the ferroelectric phase transition in NaN${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$.
Interaction of herpes simplex virus 1 origin-binding protein with DNA polymerase alpha.

Abstract The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) genome encodes seven polypeptides that are required for its replication. These include a heterodimeric DNA polymerase, a single-strand-DNA-binding protein, a heterotrimeric helicase/primase, and a protein (UL9 protein) that binds specifically to an HSV-1 origin of replication (oris). We demonstrate here that UL9 protein interacts specifically with the 180-kDa catalytic subunit of the cellular DNA polymerase alpha-primase. This interaction can be detected by immunoprecipitation with antibodies directed against either of these proteins, by gel mobility shift of an oris-UL9 protein complex, and by stimulation of DNA polymerase activity by the UL9 protein. These findings suggest that enzymes required for cellular DNA replication also participate in HSV-1 DNA replication.
Sterilization and a Mentally Handicapped Minor: Providing Consent for One Who Cannot

The moral standing of involuntary sterilization has long been subject to debate but has only recently been looked upon with disfavor. When sterilization of a mentally handicapped minor is entertained, issues of eugenics, medical ethics, and legal precedent specially arise. Ethics consultants and ethics committees have been asked to consider such cases.
In search of the origin of cement in siliciclastic sandstones: An isotopic approach

Abstract In siliciclastic sediments only a minor amount of cement is internally derived. This implies that an external source has to be sought in sandstone diagenesis. Controversy exists about the external source of cement and the nature of the aqueous solution, viz. meteoric, hydrothermal and marine, and/or dewatering of shale. Isotope geochemistry may prove useful in solving this controversy. The oxygen isotopic compositions of neoformed clay minerals are related to the isotopic composition of the coexisting aqueous solution. Aqueous solutions of diverse origin such as meteoric, hydrothermal and marine, and dewatering of shale, in general, bear characteristic isotopic signatures. Thus, the δ 18 O-values of authigenic clay minerals may be used to identify the nature of the original aqueous solution, provided the temperature of the environment is known and the extent and the nature of isotopic exchange between the minerals and fluids following crystallization can be evaluated. Oxygen isotopic compositions of early authigenic clay minerals in Permo-Triassic Gondwana sandstones of Peninsular India have been used to infer the cement source. Sandstones of Sakmarian age have an average δ 8 O-value of +5.0%o, whereas a relatively high average δ 8 O-value of +13.2%o is observed in sandstones of Rhaetic age. δ 18 O-values of sandstones ranging in age between Sakmarian and Rhaetic have values between +5.0 and +13.2% 0 . This gradual increase of δ 18 0-values with decreasing age shows a strong correlation with the changing latitudinal location of the sample site from a position around 60°S during Sakmarian time to a position around 38°S during Rhaetic time. The changing pattern of oxygen isotopic composition of suthigenic clay has been interpreted as a result of corresponding change in isotopic composition of meteoric water due to the northerly drift of the Indian plate during Gondwana sedimentation. This suggests that the aqueous solution, involved in the early diagenesis of Gondwana sandstones, is of meteoric origin.
Clinical features of epilepsy in patients with cerebellar structural abnormalities in a referral center

Summary Purpose The objective of this study was to describe epilepsy localization, clinical features and surgery outcome in patients with epilepsy and cerebellar structural abnormalities. Methods We identified 10 patients with cerebellar lesions and epilepsy from our epilepsy database. Patients with only cerebellar atrophy were excluded. Medical records were reviewed for demographic data, seizure history, examination findings, EEG findings, epilepsy treatment and course. We reviewed imaging data for cerebellar structural findings, as well as cerebral abnormalities. Results Out of 2288 epilepsy patients in the database, 10 had epilepsy and cerebellar structural abnormalities other than atrophy. Their ages ranged from 26 to 52 years. The most common cerebellar malformations included Dandy–Walker malformation, cerebellar tumors and posterior fossa arachnoid cyst. Epilepsy was classified as generalized in one patient. Nine patients had focal epilepsy: the localization was temporal in five, frontal in one, occipital in one, and unclassified in two. A cerebral structural abnormality considered responsible for epilepsy was identified in six patients; four had hippocampal sclerosis, one had a hippocampal malformation, and one had a temporal pole cortical malformation. Presurgical evaluation was done in six patients. Surgery was performed in five, with excellent outcome in four. Conclusion In this small series, epilepsy associated with cerebellar malformations was usually focal, most often with a temporal lobe focus. The cerebellar lesions did not adversely affect surgical success.
Down-Regulation of TGF-β and Expression of Surfactant Protein Genes in Type II Epithelial Cells of Human Fetal Lung

Down-Regulation of TGF-β and Expression of Surfactant Protein Genes in Type II Epithelial Cells of Human Fetal Lung
Contrasting influences of stormflow and baseflow pathways on nitrogen and phosphorus export from an urban watershed

Eutrophication of urban surface waters from excess nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs remains a major issue in water quality management. Although much research has focused on understanding loading of nutrients from storm events, there has been little research to understand the contribution of baseflow, the water moving through storm drains between rainfall events. We investigated the relative contributions of baseflow versus stormflow for loading of water and nutrients (various forms of N and P) by the storm drain network in six urban sub-watersheds in St. Paul, MN, USA. Across sites, baseflow made substantial contributions to warm season (May–October) water yields (27–66 % across sites), total N yields (31–68 %), and total P yields (7–32 %). These results show that while P was predominantly delivered by stormflow, N loading was similar between baseflow and stormflow. We found that baseflow was dominated by groundwater inputs, likely caused by interception of shallow groundwater by storm drains, but also that variability in N and P among sites was related in part to the connectivity of the storm drains to upstream lakes and wetlands in some watersheds. The substantial loading by groundwater-dominated baseflow, especially for N, implies that N management may require a broader focus on N source reduction, perhaps through improved land management, in order to prevent contamination of shallow groundwater via infiltration.
Lack of false recognition in schizophrenia: a consequence of poor memory?

Abstract The tendency to falsely recognize items as ones previously presented is increased in patients with frontal lesions and in older participants, whereas patients with medial temporal lobe damage may display such poor memory that they are not especially susceptible to false recognition. Since patients with schizophrenia are often compared to these groups neurocognitively, we explored the extent to which they are more susceptible to false memory. Participants were presented with word lists along a semantic theme, such as “bread”. After list presentation, recognition tasks were administered which contained both the studied words as well as unstudied words. Some of the unstudied words were related to the theme of the previously studied words, but never actually presented (e.g. semantic “lures”). In a separate test, free recall of these lists of words was assessed. Interestingly, it was control participants who made more errors at recall, and were especially susceptible to intrusions of the semantic lures. Patients with schizophrenia did not make more false recognition errors in general, and surprisingly they made disproportionately fewer false recognition errors to semantic lures specifically. We conclude that despite poor memory, patients with schizophrenia are not especially susceptible to interference from previous tasks and are not particularly prone to false recollections.
Four implementations of disconnected operation: a framework for a capstone project in operating systems

This paper describes a framework for a capstone project in operating systems that fulfills all learning objectives required from such courses while providing students with technical experience in a modern operating system. Specifically, this work proposes a structure for a project course whereby new, experimental, and academic operating system features are implemented in commercial operating systems. As an example of a realization of such a framework, the paper presents four platform-dependent implementations of "disconnected operation," a feature that allows network users to continue accessing data during temporary network failures. Additionally, the paper states that this framework provides a promising and solid environment for a capstone experience by balancing creative research work with an analytical design methodology and technical implementation skills.
Intensity dependent polarization in a semiconductor multiple quantum-well amplifier

It is shown numerically that the polarization evolution in a semiconductor multiple-quantum-well amplifier is intensity dependent for an input light partially coupled in both polarization modes because of the anisotropy of gain saturation. This phenomenon can be used for nonlinear polarization switching. By placing a polarization beam splitter at the output end, self-polarization switching is obtained. In the case of pulsed inputs, time-dependent polarization is observed, leading to pulse breakup and a poorer switching contrast in nonlinear switching. When the width of the input pulse is much larger than the carrier lifetime, the time-dependent polarization distribution is symmetric, and a strong single hump as well as weak two-hump pulses are observed at the two output ports, respectively. >
"Ask before You Eat"—Development of an Educational Campaign on Food Allergies:

Increasingly children's caregivers (e.g., parents, teachers, babysitters) are faced with the responsibility of supervising eating experiences with children who have food allergies (FAs). Little res...
Clinical use of fluorodeoxyglucose F 18 positron emission tomography for detection of renal cell carcinoma.

ABSTRACTPurpose: We evaluate the role of fluorodeoxyglucose F 18 positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by retrospective review. To our knowledge this series is the largest reviewing the use of PET in patients with RCC.Materials and Methods: A total of 66 patients who underwent 90 PET scans for suspected or known RCC were identified. Dictated reports of PET, chest computerized tomography (CT), abdominal/pelvic CT and bone scan were examined with confirmation of results by histopathology or followup of at least 1 year. The accuracies of PET and conventional imaging modalities were compared.Results: PET exhibited a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 100% for primary RCC tumors (abdominal CT demonstrated 91.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity). For retroperitoneal lymph node metastases and/or renal bed recurrence, PET was 75.0% sensitive and 100.0% specific (92.6% sensitivity and 98.1% specificity for abdominal CT). PET had a sensitivity of 75.0% and a specificity o...
Illness as Assemblage The Case of Hystero-epilepsy

This article explores illness as an assemblage of bodies, discourses, and practices by tracing a genealogy of the condition hystero-epilepsy in order to show the precarity of dominant bio-psychiatric ideology in the present. I read Siri Hustvedt’s case study of her own nervous condition with and against other histories of nerves, including Charcot’s treatment of hystero-epilepsy in the 1870s, Foucault’s treatment of hysteria, simulation, and the ‘neurological body’ presented in his lectures in 1974, and Elizabeth Wilson’s recent treatment of the Freudian concept of ‘somatic compliance.’ I assemble this eclectic hystero-epileptic archive not in order to present a definitive history of hystero-epilepsy, but rather to think about how illness is made, unmade, and remade in the clinic and narrative.
Hybrid computational architectures for image segmentation

The article describes a generalizable method for creating hybrid computational architectures. This method, based on a metaphor of biological symbiosis, provides a systematic approach to combining attributes of disparate algorithms. It illustrates the approach by creating a series of hybrid architectures from a single hierarchical segmentation algorithm. Typical results from these hybrids are given. The results show that for this particular application, it is possible to leverage high-level image processing tasks with low-level algorithms. The results also demonstrate how changes in the hybrid architecture can introduce nuances in the segmentation output. >
Hollow Waveguides With Low Intrinsic Photoluminescence Fabricated With PECVD Silicon Nitride and Silicon Dioxide Films

A new type of integrated hollow core anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) with low intrinsic photoluminescence (PL) fabricated with plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) silicon nitride (SiN) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) films is demonstrated. The waveguide is fabricated by surrounding the hollow core with alternating layers of SiN and SiO2. The thicknesses and indices of the layers are designed to meet an anti-resonance condition. Compared to earlier ARROW structures made by depositing high-temperature (HT) SiN (250 °C), the PL background decreases by a factor of ~ 10 when low-temperature (LT) SiN (100 °C ) films are used. Therefore, LT SiN ARROWs are attractive platforms for sensitive fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy measurements of biomolecules.