cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Andes Virus Regulation of Cellular MicroRNAs Contributes to Hantavirus-Induced Endothelial Cell Permeability

Hantaviruses infect human endothelial cells (ECs) and cause two diseases marked by vascular permeability defects, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Vascular permeability occurs in the absence of EC lysis, suggesting that hantaviruses alter normal EC fluid barrier functions. ECs infected by pathogenic hantaviruses are hyperresponsive to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and this alters the fluid barrier function of EC adherens junctions, resulting in enhanced paracellular permeability. Vascular permeability and VEGF-directed responses are determined by EC-specific microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate cellular mRNA transcriptional responses. miRNAs mature within cytoplasmic processing bodies (P bodies), and the hantavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein binds RNA and localizes to P bodies, suggesting that hantaviruses may modify miRNA functions within infected ECs. Here we assessed changes in EC miRNAs following infection by the HPS-causing Andes hantavirus (ANDV). We analyzed 352 human miRNAs within ANDV-infected ECs using quantitative real-time (RT)-PCR arrays. Fourteen miRNAs, including six miRNAs that are associated with regulating vascular integrity, were upregulated >4-fold following infection by ANDV. Nine miRNAs were downregulated 3- to 3,400-fold following ANDV infection; these included miR-410, involved in regulating secretion, and miR-218, which is linked to the regulation of EC migration and vascular permeability. We further analyzed changes in miR-126, an EC-specific miRNA that regulates vascular integrity by suppressing SPRED1 and PIK3R2 mRNAs. While miR-126 levels were only slightly altered, we found that SPRED1 and PIK3R2 mRNA levels were increased 10- and 7-fold, respectively, in ANDV-infected ECs but were unaltered in ECs infected by the nonpathogenic Tula hantavirus (TULV). Consistent with increased SPRED1 expression, we found that the level of phospho-cofilin was decreased within ANDV-infected ECs. Moreover, small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of SPRED1 dramatically decreased the permeability of ANDV-infected ECs in response to VEGF, suggesting that increased SPRED1 contributes to EC permeability following ANDV infection. These findings suggest that interference with normal miRNA functions contributes to the enhanced paracellular permeability of ANDV-infected ECs and that hantavirus regulation of miRNA functions is an additional determinant of hantavirus pathogenesis.
On the Time Scale of Nocturnal Boundary Layer Cooling in Valleys and Basins and over Plains

Sequences of vertical temperature soundings over flat plains and in a variety of valleys and basins of different sizes and shapes were used to determine cooling-time-scale characteristics in the nocturnal stable boundary layer under clear, undisturbed weather conditions. An exponential function predicts the cumulative boundary layer cooling well. The fitting parameter or time constant in the exponential function characterizes the cooling of the valley atmosphere and is equal to the time required for the cumulative cooling to attain 63.2% of its total nighttime value. The exponential fit finds time constants varying between 3 and 8 h. Calculated time constants are smallest in basins, are largest over plains, and are intermediate in valleys. Time constants were also calculated from air temperature measurements made at various heights on the sidewalls of a small basin. The variation with height of the time constant exhibited a characteristic parabolic shape in which the smallest time constants occurred near the basin floor and on the upper sidewalls of the basin where cooling was governed by cold-air drainage and radiative heat loss, respectively.
A interpretação cristã da História (III)

(Primeiro Paragrafo do Artigo) Ha algum sentido em se falar das leis da Historia? Para os gregos antigos a propria pergunta teria parecido absurda, porque pela sua experiencia o dominio da vida humana que chamamos Historia era controlado pelo poder irracional da Tyche, isto e, da Sorte, do Acaso, da Fortuna (boa ou ma, mas sem quaisquer regras de alternacao).
Impact of Telehealth on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure

The purpose of this randomized field study was to determine the effects of telehomecare on hospitalization, emergency department (ED) use, mortality, and symptoms related to sodium and fluid intake, medication use, and physical activity. The sample consists of 284 patients with heart failure. The authors used logistic regression to study the effects of telehomecare on health services utilization and mortality and a general linear model to analyze changes in self-reported symptoms. On average, patients in the telehomecare groups had a lower probability of hospitalizations and ED visits than did patients in the control group. Differences were statistically significant at 60 days but not 120 days. Results show a greater reduction in symptoms for patients using telehomecare compared to control patients. The technology enables frequent monitoring of clinical indices and permits the home health care nurse to detect changes in cardiac status and intervene when necessary.
Yeast and Mammalian Basic Residue-Specific Aspartic Proteases in Prohormone Conversion

Various proteins and peptides such as albumin, peptide hormones, neuropeptides, complement C3, transforming growth factor, and yeast α-mating factor, are synthesized as precursors which are processed to their biologically active forms by limited proteolysis, generally at paired and to a lesser extent at single basic residues [1,2]. The protein and peptide precursors are usually processed intracellularly and the products secreted from the cells. Limited proteolysis likely occurs in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) for proteins that are secreted constitutively [2], while most prohormones and pro-neuropeptides are processed within secretory granules, although processing can begin at the TGN, and their products are secreted in a regulated manner [3]. Besides limited proteolysis, these pro-proteins may undergo other post-translational modifications such as glycosylation, sulfation, and phosphorylation which, in some cases, can influence the efficacy of the proteolytic processing step. Efforts have been made in the last decade to elucidate the enzymes involved in the processing of the various pro-proteins. A number of enzymes have been found that specifically cleave paired and/or single basic residues of prohormones and pro-neuropeptides to generate the biologically active peptides [for review, see 1]. Enzymes different from those that cleave prohormones appear to be involved in cleaving pro-proteins secreted via the constitutive pathway, such as pro-albumin and the growth factors [2].
Hemolytic Action of Fluorides on Certain Nucleated Erythrocytes

SummaryThe nucleated erythrocytes of certain fishes show progressive swelling and eventual hemolysis on the addition of fluorides. Oxalates and arsenates produce a similar effect but with less regularity. The nucleated erythrocytes of a turtle and a snake did not react in this way.
SAT0319 Role of Spirometry in Survival Prediction in Scleroderma Related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Background Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) in scleroderma may be induced by interstitial lung disease, myocardial involvement or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH, due to progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling is the number one cause of death in patients with scleroderma. In pulmonary function testing, a reduced diffusing capacity (DLCO) is well recognized as a strong risk predictor of mortality in PAH. Whether expiratory flow analysis with spirometry associates with outcome is unclear. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess spirometry as a predictor of mortality in patients with scleroderma associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Methods A consecutive series of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary arterial hypertension referred to single regional referral center was reviewed. Diagnosis was based on conventional Dana Point criteria for pulmonary arterial hypertension (group 1 PH) including right heart catheterization (excluding left heart disease) and the exclusion of clinical interstitial lung disease, including negative chest imaging. Stepwise inclusion exclusion modeling was performed with mortality assessed over 5 years. Results 440 patients with PAH (218 idiopathic (iPAH), 137 associated with connective tissue disease (cPAH, predominantly limited scleroderma), 39 with portal hypertension (PoPH) and 47 other (predominantly congenital systemic-pulmonary shunts). Forced Expiratory volumes in 1 second (FEV1) was lower in cPAH (72±18%) versus iPAH 78±16% or PoPH 77±20%; p Conclusions In scleroderma-related PAH, spirometry provides prognostic information over conventional parameters including pulmonary hemodynamics and diffusing capacity. Whether modest reductions in FEV1 may represent sub-clinical interstitial inflammation or fibrosis, pulmonary venous involvement or concomitant airway involvement warrants further testing. Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5749
PS-058 Initiative to contact patients: social media in a hospital pharmacy department

Background Social networking through online media has greatly increased among a variety of disciplines, changing the way many people receive or seek information about health issues and health care. With this in mind, pharmacist involvement in social communities may have the potential to be highly beneficial. Purpose To analyse the impact of a hospital pharmacy Facebook (HPF) profile created to promote drug safety and disseminate health-related information and describe the kind of information published and the benefits provided to users. Materials and methods The HPF profile was created in February 2013 by hospital pharmacists. Data was collected until September 2013 from the Facebook analytical and statistical tool. Data collected: follower profile (sex, age and nationality), updated information (UI), divided into four types (A-latest news, B-patient safety, C-restriction of use and distribution of drugs reports and D-patient consultant). Results Followers: 77 (64% women, 68% under 34), from 8 different countries. Facebook updates: 40. The UI was A:37.5%, B: 35%, C: 17.5% and D:10%. The most shared (86 shares), the most commented (5 comments) and the most ‘liked’ (35 ‘likes’) UI was related to B and the most popular (1194 visits) was related to C. The most shared (84 shares) and the most ‘liked’ (10 ‘likes’) post was a patient safety and patient knowledge in pharmacovigilance questionnaire (UI type A). The most commented post was a safety alert on birth control pill. The most popular post (442 visits) was related to Tetrazepam market withdrawal (UI type C). Conclusions HPF followers have been increasing since the profile creation. The most relevant information for our users was related to patient safety. We must concentrate on promoting an open dialogue between patients and pharmacists to take full advantage of the communication channels provided by social networks. Hospital pharmacists can play an important role in providing safe and accurate drug-related information. No conflict of interest.
A Rapid Field Technique for Infesting Cotton Plants with Pink Boll worm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Eggs

A rapid method is described for spraying eggs of pink boll worm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), on plants of cotton, Gassypium hirsutum L., to evaluate the plants for resistance to the insect. Pink boll worm eggs were collected from the USDARS rearing facility at Phoenix, Ariz., and suspended in a 0.05% solution of gum xanthan in distilled water. After preliminary experimentation, we used a ratio of 1 egg to 1,250 parts solution (14.4 eggs per ml of solution). The solution was poured into a polypropylene bottle and sprayed on cotton plants in the field with the use of a spray wand (an estimated 630 eggs in 44 ml solution per meter of row). A constant air pressure was maintained with the use of an oxygen tank fitted with a compressed air regulator and a line pressure gauge. This method required 2.5 s per boll per person compared with 21.3 s per boll per person for boll infestation by the use of an automatic repeating pipette. Using the new method, we evaluated 99 cotton germ plasm lines and found 19 that sustained significantly less seed damage caused by PBW than the resistant control line, AET-5.
RADIATION INJURIES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Die Gewebsschadigung durch ionisierende Strahlen ist letzten Endes das Resultat cellularer Effekte. Diese gehorchen statistischen Gesetzen, sind aber vor allem durch die physikalischen Eigenschaften der Strahlung und die biologischen Eigenschaften der bestrahlten Zellen determiniert. Neben der absorbierten Energiemenge (Dosis), sind Dosisleistung und Ionisationsdichte (linear energy transfer) die wichtigsten physikalischen Grosen, die die cellulare Reaktion entscheidend beeinflussen. Strahlen mit hoherIonisationsdichte, wie z. B. Neutronen, fuhren meistens den akuten Tod der getroffenen Zellen herbei, allerdings ist die Energieverteilung dergestalt, das bei geringen Dosen nur vereinzelte Zellen getroffen werden, so das der Gewebsverband unter Umstanden nicht kritisch gestort wird. DieDosisleistung wirkt im wesentlichen uber eine Modifizierung reparativer Zellvorgange. Beihohen Dosen, die mit hoher Leistung eingestrahlt werden, etwa 10000 rad (10 min−1) und daruber, kommt es zum akuten und subakuten Zellschaden, vorwiegend in der Form von cellularen und subcellularen Membranstorungen. Bei der therapeutischen Bestrahlung dagegen, ist der Schaden vor allem an die Nucleoproteine gebunden und wird in der Form von somatischen Mutationen wirksam.
Large right ventricular mass causing outflow tract obstruction secondary to metastatic renal cell carcinoma

We present a case of a 87-year-old patient presenting with signs suggestive of new-onset heart failure which lead to the diagnosis of a large right ventricular mass occupying the entire cavity and extending to the right ventricular outflow tract.
Challenges and Enablers for Private Sector Involvement in Delivery of Highway Public–Private Partnerships in the United States

AbstractInvolvement of the private sector in financing and delivery of highway public–private partnerships (P3s) in the United States has experienced various limitations and challenges. The implementation of existing P3 project delivery frameworks by the public sector have neglected the private sector’s interests and have resulted in lack of alignment among public and private sector stakeholder institutions across P3 project planning, procurement, and administration. Further, the public sector’s variability in P3 program maturity and P3 implementation have entangled the emerging U.S. P3 market into a challenging environment. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the underpinnings of private sector involvement in U.S. P3s in the following areas: (1) the major issues and challenges faced by private sector stakeholders in the U.S. P3 market due to the variability in public agencies P3 project delivery process and (2) solutions and strategies for enhancing alignment of public and private secto...
Transcriptomic dynamics of breast cancer progression in the MMTV-PyMT mouse model

Malignant breast cancer with complex molecular mechanisms of progression and metastasis remains a leading cause of death in women. To improve diagnosis and drug development, it is critical to identify panels of genes and molecular pathways involved in tumor progression and malignant transition. Using the PyMT mouse, a genetically engineered mouse model that has been widely used to study human breast cancer, we profiled and analyzed gene expression from four distinct stages of tumor progression (hyperplasia, adenoma/MIN, early carcinoma and late carcinoma) during which malignant transition occurs. We found remarkable expression similarity among the four stages, meaning genes altered in the later stages showed trace in the beginning of tumor progression. We identified a large number of differentially expressed genes in PyMT samples of all stages compared with normal mammary glands, enriched in cancer-related pathways. Using co-expression networks, we found panels of genes as signature modules with some hub genes that predict metastatic risk. Time-course analysis revealed genes with expression transition when shifting to malignant stages. These may provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms beyond pathways. Thus, in this study, our various analyses with the PyMT mouse model shed new light on transcriptomic dynamics during breast cancer malignant progression.
Boundary layer ingestion propulsion benefit for transport aircraft

This paper presents a description of the physical principles of aerodynamic power savings from boundary layer ingestion propulsion and a quantitative evaluation of the boundary layer ingestion bene...
Divide & conquer

"Work smarter not harder", "Do more with less". These are phrases we all hear on a daily basis as we face difficult budgets. The CITES Help Desk at the University of Illinois took the opportunity to redesign itself to create efficiencies, provide better services without increasing the budget, and begin creating career paths for its IT professionals. To support new services, more services, more groups, and larger audiences we focused on two major areas. The Help Desk full time staff is now broken into two groups: student management & project support.This presentation will focus not just on why, but what in regards to this move. The Student Management Team has helped refine the hiring, training and disciplining of the ever evolving student consultant. The Project support team now has direct involvement in the rollout of new services including Unified Communications which will replace our entire email and phone infrastructure and services. With a clear understanding of each group's responsibilities, the Help Desk has seen improved morale, better communication, and has slowed down the always expanding "duties as assigned" role.
Cognition as Events and as Psychic Constructions

Because the current resurgence of the mentalistic interpretation of cognitive events runs counter to scientific norms, it prompts a thorough analysis of the source and nature of Cognitivism. As to the source, Cognitive psychology is definitely a continuation of the spiritistic way of thinking developed by the Church Fathers as early as the 2nd century B.C. The evidence of this continuity is well symbolized by the antiscientific writings of St. Augustine. What Cognitivism basically signifies is that such activities as perceiving, thinking, reasoning, and so on comprise some sort of transcendent internal entity or process not amenable to observation. Clearly events are being verbally transmuted into mystical psychic constructs. How such errors can be accounted for is by (a) the power of traditional beliefs and (b) the misunderstanding of Behavioristic doctrine. In conclusion, the article also raises the question of whether mentalism can ever be extruded from psychology, with suggestions concerning the scientific treatment of cognitive events.
Leveraging the Student Success Collaborative to Promote Advising as Teaching

The Student Success Collaborative (SSC)A¢â¬âCampus technology platform offers academic advisors clear and easy access to student academic performance data. Undergraduate, graduate, and non-degree students at Mason are in this Platform that receives nightly data updates from Banner. By using the features of the SSC-Campus product, advisors can manage advising caseloads, have productive advising appointments, engage in student outreach campaigns to support students before they are in crisis, and track advising activity. Participants in this mini workshop need to bring laptops (or the session needs to be scheduled in a computer lab) to allow hands-on interaction with the Platform and Institutional Reports. Institutional Reports offer an analysis of 10-years of Mason data that helps us identify courses and grade thresholds that are predictive of graduation in each major. These success marker courses discerned from historical data can inform academic advisors about current students in the Platform and whether they are on track with their degree progress. By leveraging the SSC-Campus technology, academic advisors are able to shift from a transactional style of advising to one aligned with MasonA¢â¬â¢s Academic Advising mission statement: Academic advisors teach, support, and connect students to relevant resources. Come learn more about the SSC-Campus Platform!
Preliminary demonstration of energy-efficient fabrication of aligned CNT-polymer nanocomposites using magnetic fields

Abstract Preliminary fabrication of thermoset nanocomposites with aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is demonstrated using magnetic fields in an energy-efficient and quick manner. Bulk application of high-performance polymer nanocomposites is currently limited because scalable manufacturing methods to deliver bulk samples with organized nanofillers are currently missing. In this work, active assembly using external magnetic fields is selected as a solution to provide the balanced benefits of bulk processing capacity and tailorable patterning capability. Magnetically-responsive multi-walled carbon nanotubes (∼35 nm diameter and ∼200 μm length) were fabricated with relatively simple post-growth processing: low-temperature oxygen plasma treatment for improved suspension and dispersion within matrices, and e-beam coating with thin ferromagnetic nickel (Ni) layers (∼40–100 nm) for larger magnetic susceptibility. Dispersion and properties of the plasma-treated and Ni-coated CNTs were evaluated visually using the settlement study and scanning electron microscopy, and quantitatively using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry. Assembly of Ni-coated CNTs was first demonstrated in deionized water, and then in a bisphenol-F based polymer resin (Epon 862). Magnetic assembly behaviors of these two-dimensional nanofillers were studied about the effect of their original dispersion, size, and matrix viscosity. The first sizable fabrication of CNT-thermoset nanocomposite (∼32 mm × ∼32 mm × ∼5 mm sample size) was attempted and demonstrated with the smaller magnetic field in the shorter time (∼400 G application for 40 min), than the previous attempt to assemble CNTs (∼105 G for a few hours). Future work include homogenization of CNT patterns within the nanocomposites by improving the original CNT dispersion and suspension (ferromagnetic filling instead of coating, particle surface treatment, etc.), more complex CNT patterning using magnetic field parameter modulation, and structure-interface-property studies by polymer nanocomposite characterization, specially about transport properties.
HIV Infection Accelerates Gastrointestinal Tumor Outgrowth in NSG-HuPBL Mice

HIV infection is a risk factor for the tumorigenesis including non-AIDS-defining cancers such as those of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the mechanisms underlying such cancer outgrowth are still unknown. Furthermore, combined HIV/cancer studies are difficult to evaluate using primate models or in the clinical patient setting. To understand the mechanisms of tumor outgrowth in the context of HIV infection, we adopted a humanized mouse model permissive to infection and cancer as well as an in vivo humanized mouse challenge with colon cancer in the context of HIV infection. Immunodeficient NOD SCID IL-2R(-/-) mice were immunologically reconstituted by adoptive transfer of 10(7) HIV-negative donor peripheral blood leukocytes and challenged with 10(6) HCT116 human colon cancer cells. A group of mice was treated with antiretroviral therapy. Tumor microenvironment and epithelial tissues in the context of HIV infection were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. We demonstrate that HIV-infected humanized mice develop significantly larger tumors than uninfected mice (p<0.05). Epithelial cell proliferation in HIV-infected mice is significantly enhanced in comparison to proliferation in uninfected mice (p<0.01). Moreover, the activation of β-catenin, an important step in intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, is elevated in the tumors of HIV-infected mice (p<0.0001). Importantly, antiretroviral therapy reverses these pathological processes independently of CD4(+) T cell return. These findings model the ability of HIV infection to result in tumor outgrowth that is evident in HIV-positive patients and lend insight into previously unrecognized mechanisms that may underlie this pathology.
Induction of γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase in Isolated Cerebral Endothelial Cells

Interest in the possible role of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP)* in the differentiated function of blood-brain barrier endothelium comes from the implication of the enzyme in amino acid transport because of the association of high levels of this enzyme with areas of high rates of amino acid transport. Several lines of evidence support this concept (1–4), including the demonstration that γ-GTP can function as an integral part of the γ-glutamyl cycle (5,6) and that the γ-glutamyl cycle participates in amino acid transport (7). Of particular relevance to this report is the work of Orlowski et al (2), suggesting that γ-GTP may play a role in the transfer of at least some amino acids across the blood-brain barrier.
Damping controller design for FACTS devices in power systems using novel control techniques

Power systems are under increasing stress as deregulation introduces several new economic objectives for operation. Since power systems are being operated close to their limits, weak connections, unexpected events, hidden failures in protection system, human errors, and a host of other factors may cause a system to lose stability and even lead to catastrophic failure. Therefore, the need for improved system damping in a wider operating range is gaining more attention. Among the available damping control methods, each approach has advantages and disadvantages in different systems. The effectiveness of damping control depends on the devices chosen, the system modal feature, and the applied controller design method. In the literature, many approaches have been proposed to undertake this task. However, some of these approaches only take a fixed operating point into consideration without describing the changing uncertainty in varying system conditions; others require a great deal of computational effort. Furthermore, no systematic comparison of controller design methods has been conducted with regard to different system profiles. Attention has been drawn to the enhanced susceptibility to inter-area oscillations between groups of machines under large variation of system operating conditions. The linear parameter varying (LPV) approach, which has been widely studied in the literature, provides a potential method for capturing the varying system condition precisely without formulation of system uncertainty. However, in some cases no solution can be achieved if the system variation is too large using the traditional LPV approach. Also, sometimes the system structure imposes limitations in the achievable damping performance. In general, there is a critical need for a cost-effective control strategy applicable to different systems from an economic point of view.
Distal Radius Fractures

WS is a 55-year-old right-handed man who presents to the emergency department via self-transport complaining of severe wrist pain after a fall directly onto his outstretched right hand. He denies any loss of consciousness. On primary survey, he has a GCS of 15, a patent airway and is hemodynamically stable. Secondary survey reveals an obviously deformed right wrist. Past medical history is significant for insulin-dependent diabetes, for which he takes a combination of long-acting and regular insulin.
Acoustic Streaming A Diagnostic Clue to Diagnosing Testicular Teratoma

Teratomatous tissue is commonly seen in a variety of malignant testicular tumors, and while the exact determination of testicular tumor subtypes heavily relies on pathologic diagnosis, ultrasound remains the gold standard in the initial evaluation of such entities. The major groups of testicular tumors may demonstrate characteristic features which can point the radiologist toward a more pruned differential diagnosis. While it is important for the interpreting physician to be aware of such features, it is of equal necessity that they are aware of potential visual phenomena, such as acoustic streaming in the diagnosis of testicular tumors. We present a case of a testicular teratoma with acoustic streaming. This testicular tumor was confirmed to be predominantly a teratoma with a minimal element of seminoma on histopathology.
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Adolescents with Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Review of the Research Literature

Although research investigating Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for adults has increased exponentially, the evidence of the effects of MBIs on adolescents with mental health problems is only beginning to emerge. Our aim is to systematically review the current state of the MBI research literature across the range of mental health conditions in adolescents, and to identify some key research questions yet unanswered. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus were searched, as well as the references of retrieved articles. Of 754 articles, 17 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, only a few studies implemented a manualized intervention for adolescents, five featured interventions adapted from the classical Mindfulness models (MBSR and MBCT), while the remaining studies used a combination between these models while incorporating also other components. In terms of research design, only three of the studies were RCTs, seven pilot studies, five design studies and the rest were feasibility studies. Moreover, only three of the seventeen studies used validated measures of mindfulness in gauging the impact of the interventions. We identified the following four categories of mental health conditions in studies of MBIs among adolescents: Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Disorders; Mood and Anxiety Disorders; Substance Abuse Disorders, and Heterogeneous Disorders. The evidence so far suggests that MBIs are both feasible and well accepted, although study populations and methods varied so much that precise estimates of impact on clinical outcomes needs further research. Guided by our systematic review, we summarize ways to adapt MBIs for adolescents with mental health problems.
Response to Open Peer Commentaries on "Physician Aid-in-Dying and Suicide Prevention in Psychiatry".

We are grateful for the many, diverse, and sometimes heated responses to our article regarding the apparent conflict between physician aid-in-dying (PAD) and suicide prevention (Kious and Battin 20...
“Ask Me What I Want”: Community-Based Participatory Research to Explore Transition-Age Foster Youth’s Use of Support Services

Abstract Transition-age foster youth are a population deserving support, including possible psychological assessment and service provision. The majority of these youth do not receive adequate supports and face difficulties in the transition to adulthood. To understand the challenges and barriers to care, the majority of research relies on adult stakeholders rather than on the voices of youth themselves. This study used community-based participatory research to design and implement a survey of transition-age foster youth to learn about their experiences in foster care, use of professional services, barriers to initiating and continuing services, perspectives on treatment topics and therapist characteristics, and use of informal supports. This study details the methods and application of community-based participatory research with foster youth, and then presents a subset of the results of the survey completed by 84 youth transition-age youth in care. Findings indicate the importance of working towards equitable relationships with youth in care to inform research on youth’s experiences and perceptions. Survey results affirm transition-age foster youth’s desire for autonomy, their resourcefulness, and potential areas where services for these youth could offer more support, particularly during periods of transition.
Verification of feature-based LTAGS

In this paper I discuss two current projects, the conversion of LTAGs (lexicalized tree adjoining grammars) into SQL DDL format, and the verification of feature based LTAGs. This work is part of a larger project that considers verification and validation of language processing systems.
What are the Long-Term Effects of Prenatal Air Pollution Exposure? Evidence from the BHPS

The detrimental impacts of air pollution on human health are significant. Pollution increases mortality in the elderly and reduces worker productivity. While a consensus is beginning to emerge on the contemporaneous effects of air pollution, the long-term effects are still largely unknown. By combining restricted data from a comprehensive national survey with historical pollution data, I plausibly isolate the impact of prenatal particulate matter exposure on adult outcomes. I find that those with higher levels of prenatal exposure during the second trimester of gestation are more likely to be disabled, earn lower wages, and have worse health.
A modular approach for dCas9-mediated enzyme cascading via orthogonal bioconjugation

We report a new modular strategy to assemble dCas9-guided enzyme cascades by employing orthogonal post-translation chemistry. Two orthogonal SpyCatcher and SnoopCatcher pairs were used for the one-pot enzyme bioconjugation onto two different dCas9 proteins to enable their guided assembly onto a DNA scaffold. The resulting two-component cellulosomes exhibited 2.8-fold higher reducing sugar production over unassembled enzymes. This platform retains the high binding affinity afforded by dCas9 proteins for easy control over enzyme assembly while offering the flexibility for both in vivo and in vitro assembly of a wide array of enzyme cascades with minimal optimization.
Sex differences in the acute and subchronic lung inflammatory responses of mice to nickel nanoparticles.

Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) are increasingly used in nanotechnology applications, yet information on sex differences in NiNP-induced lung disease is lacking. The goal of this study was to explore ...
Where Do Perceptions Match Provision? A Method for Learning the Scope Conditions of Retrospective Evaluation Theories

Citizens draw on a range of heuristics when evaluating government performance, including assessments of their personal material well-being and salient identities. The literature in African politics has sometimes neglected the role of egotropic heuristics in favor of focusing on identity considerations. We empirically evaluate the extent to which each type of heuristic explains citizens' assessment of government policy performance, focusing on citizen satisfaction with roads. We employ an empirical method that treats individual theory membership as a latent variable, estimating the extent to which each citizen's evaluation of service delivery is driven by identity or egotropic considerations. We introduce a new technique that estimates the scope conditions that predict consistency with each theory, finding that democratic competition and growth make identity-based heuristics more relevant, whereas collective hardship make egotropic heuristics more salient.
Surgical approach is associated with complication rate in sinonasal malignancy: A multicenter study.

BACKGROUND Management of sinonasal malignancy (SNM) often includes surgical resection as part of the multimodality treatment. Treatment-related surgical morbidity can occur, yet risk factors associated with complications in this population have not been sufficiently investigated. METHODS Adult patients with histologically confirmed SNM whose primary treatment included surgical resection were prospectively enrolled into an observational, multi-institutional cohort study from 2015 to 2020. Sociodemographic, disease, and treatment data were collected. Complications assessed included cerebrospinal fluid leak, orbital injury, intracranial injury, diplopia, meningitis, osteoradionecrosis, hospitalization for neutropenia, and subsequent chronic rhinosinusitis. The surgical approach was categorized as endoscopic resection (ER) or open/combined resection (O/CR). Associations between factors and complications were analyzed using Student's t test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression modeling. RESULTS Overall, 142 patients met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-three subjects had at least 1 complication (16.2%). On unadjusted analysis, adjuvant radiation therapy was associated with developing a complication (91.3% vs 65.5%, p = 0.013). Compared with the ER group (n = 98), the O/CR group (n = 44) had a greater percentage of higher T-stage lesions (p = 0.004) and more frequently received adjuvant radiation (84.1% vs 64.4%, p = 0.017) and chemotherapy (50.0% vs 30.6%, p = 0.038). Complication rates were similar between the ER and O/CR groups without controlling for other factors. Regression analysis that retained certain factors showed O/CR was associated with increased odds of experiencing a complication (odds ratio, 3.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-11.19). CONCLUSIONS Prospective, multicenter evaluation of SNM treatment outcomes is feasible. Undergoing O/CR was associated with increased odds of developing a complication after accounting for radiation therapy. Further studies are warranted to build upon these findings.
Recent work on intellectual humility: A philosopher’s perspective

Intellectual humility is commonly thought to be a mindset, disposition, or personality trait that guides our reactions to evidence as we seek to pursue the truth and avoid error. Over the last deca...
Garwood, Michael: Frequency-Modulated Pulses in the Early Days of Biomedical NMR†

In biomedical NMR, the development of radiofrequency (RF) pulses that are able to tolerate RF field nonuniformity remains a major objective. Frequency-modulated pulses that function in an adiabatic manner offer one way to achieve uniform flip angles even when the RF field is highly inhomogeneous. This historical perspective describes our experiences leading to the development of the first adiabatic plane rotation pulse in the early days of biomedical NMR. Keywords: radiofrequency pulse; adiabatic; plane rotation; biomedical; in vivo NMR
Lower bounds on the MSE in N/sup th/ order multi-bit multi-loop /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulation with DC inputs

In /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulation, optimal decoding is defined from the intrinsic behavior of the encoder which is to induce a partition of the space of discrete-time signals. It is shown, in the multi-loop configuration, that this partition has some particular lattice properties which constitute potential tools for the analysis of mean square error (MSE) lower bounds in the general case of time-varying bandlimited signals. Their immediate application in the case of constant inputs is shown. An analysis of the intrinsic behavior of an encoder, based on signal partitioning is presented, thus providing a basic tool for the theoretical analysis of optimal decoding MSE. >
Meservey-Tedrow effect in ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet double tunnel junctions

Double tunneling junctions of ferromagnet-superconductor-ferromagnet electrodes (FSF) show a step in the conductance when a parallel magnetic field reverses the magnetization of one of the ferromagnetic electrodes. This change is generally attributed to the spin-valve effect or to pair breaking in the superconductor due to spin accumulation. In this paper it is shown that the Meservey-Tedrow effect causes a similar change in the conductance since the magnetic field changes the energy spectrum of the quasiparticles in the superconductor. A reversal of the bias reverses the sign in the conductance jump.
Can Businesses Be Too Good? Applying Susan Wolf's 'Moral Saints' to Businesses

Susan Wolf famously argues that moral sainthood is not an ideal for which persons should aim because it requires one to cultivate moral virtues to the exclusion of significant, nonmoral interests, and skills. I find Wolf's argument compelling in her context of persons, and seek to demonstrate that it remains so when the context is expanded to businesses. I argue that just as moral perfection precludes individuals from challenging societal norms and traditions in ways that benefit us, moral perfection prevents businesses from challenging norms and traditions in ways that can promote positive social change. I also describe, and respond to, three possible objections to my position, most notably the claim that businesses' greater social power justifies demanding moral perfection from them even though we should not demand moral perfection from persons.
Prognosis of older patients in mixed-age alcoholism treatment programs

Older patients were compared with matched groups of younger and middle-aged patients in inpatient alcohol treatment programs (N=432 in each age group). Compared with other patients, older patients had poorer physical health and lower cognitive status at treatment entry, but they were drinking less and reported fewer drinking-related problems, fewer psychological symptoms, more social support, more adaptive coping, and fewer barriers to abstinence. Older patients had positive views of the programs and, except for less family therapy and problem-focused counseling, received comparable treatment to that received by other patients. At discharge, older patients showed significant change in most areas targeted for treatment. Better initial status was the strongest predictor of better discharge functioning. Patients with higher cognitive functioning and stronger treatment motivation and those who experienced more interpersonal support and who received more specialized treatment services showed better-than-expected improvement. The age groups showed similar outcomes, prognostic factors, and response to different treatment orientations.
Hypertension after renal transplantation in children.

Hypertension persisted for longer than 6 mo or developed de novo after the first month following transplantation in seven of 77 pediatric recipients of renal allografts; concomitantly there were an elevation of PRA and renal angiographic abnormalities. In two of the four patients who developed RAS there was evidence of diminished allograft function. Successful correction of the stenotic lesion in these two recipients resulted in a return of the blood pressure, PRA, and biochemical function of the allograft to normal. Unsuccessful attempts at surgical repair led to loss of the allograft in the other two patients with RAS. Intrarenal vascular andlor parenchymal lesions were evident in the other three recipients with hypertension. Although an explanation was not apparent, subclinical rejection was hypothesized. Treatment effected reduction of the hypertension in these three patients and no deterioration of allograft function was observed for periods of 5, 34, and 38 mo, respectively. Renal angiographic studies and determinations of PRA are recommended in any pediatric recipient of an allograft who develops hypertension after the first month following transplantation or has hypertension which persists for longer than 6 mo after transplantation.
Trace measurements of rhodium by adsorptive stripping voltammetry.

Abstract A sensitive stripping voltammetric procedure for quantifying rhodium is described. The complex of rhodium with chloride ions is adsorbed on the hanging mercury drop electrode, and the reduction current of the accumulated complex is measured during a negative-going scan. Cyclic voltammetry is used to characterize the interfacial and redox behaviors. The effect of pH, chloride concentration, accumulation potential and other variables is discussed. The detection limit is 1 × 10 −8 M (∼1 ng/ml) with 5-min accumulation. A linear current—concentration relationship is observed up to 7 × 10 −7 M and the relative standard deviation (at the 2 × 10 −7 M level) is 3.0%. Possible interferences by co-existing metals are investigated.
Collisional phenomena involving rydberg atoms

The theory of collisions of Rydberg atoms with rare-gas atoms at thermal energies is reviewed. A central feature of the analysis is that the interaction of a highly excited atom with a perturber may be viewed as the scattering of the active electron from the perturber. Therefore, the low-energy electron-scattering amplitude plays a crucial role in the formulation of the problem. In the field-free regime, the transitions considered are between different angular momentum states belonging to the same principal quantum number n. The generalization of the theory to the case of a weak, static electric field is also presented. In this case, the appropriate initial and final states arc Stark states. The transition from zero field to weak field is discussed, and numerical results are presented that illustrate several important effects.
Oxidative catalysis by Mn4O46+ cubane complexes

Abstract The oxidation of a variety of substrates (thioethers, hydrocarbons, alkenes, benyzl alcohol and benzaldehyde) by t BuOOH catalyzed by Mn 4 O 4 (O 2 PPh 2 ) 6 ( 1 ) and Mn 4 O 4 (O 2 P( p -MePh) 2 ) 6 ( 2 ) is reported. These reactions illustrate the first examples of oxidative catalysis using a manganese-oxo complex with a Mn 4 O 4 cubane core. These uncharged complexes contain Mn ions in a mixed valence oxidation state, formally Mn 4 (2III, 2IV), and are bridged by bulky diphenylphosphinate chelates across each of the six faces of the cube. Using this system, methyl phenyl sulfide is selectively mono-oxygenated to methyl phenyl sulfoxide with high catalytic efficiency, and no evidence for further oxidation to the thermodynamically preferred sulfone. Toluene is oxidized to a mixture of benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid with high catalytic efficiencies. Lower catalytic efficiencies are observed in the oxidation of styrene to a mixture of styrene oxide and benzaldehyde, of cyclohexene to a mixture of cyclohexene oxide, 2-cyclohexen-1-ol, and 2-cyclohexen-1-one, and of cyclohexane to a mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. The observed product distribution from the oxidation of hydrocarbons has the characteristics of a free radical-based oxidation mechanism. However, the sulfoxidation and epoxidation activity of the 1 / t BuOOH system, as well as the observed steric preferences for less congested substrates, suggest that a metal-oxo centered oxidation mechanism is active in the reactions studied here. An intermediate species, characterized by a UV–VIS band centered at 610 nm is observed in all reaction mixtures, and forms upon reaction of 1 or 2 with t BuOOH . Preliminary evidence suggests this reactive intermediate may correspond to a Mn(V)O species. Kinetic studies suggest two pathways for oxidation: one involving an oxygen atom transfer (two-electron branch), and the other involving a hydrogen atom abstraction (one-electron branch).