cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Changes in fMRI activation following rehabilitation of reading and visual processing deficits in subjects with traumatic brain injury.

In this case series fMRI was used to examine activation patterns during presentation of a reading comprehension (RC) task in three adult subjects with a history of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). These subjects received cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) for visual processing and acquired reading deficits. fMRI and neuropsychological testing occurred pre- and post-rehabilitation. The study's objective was to evaluate the neurobiological changes using fMRI occurring with CRT and to compare these results to repeat fMRI in matched control subjects. While improvements in neuropsychological testing occurred post-CRT, diffuse and variable activation patterns in the subjects with TBI were still demonstrated when compared to the control subjects repeat imaging. Multiple networks exist to accomplish the complex task of sentence reading and rehabilitation of the cognitive components of reading, such as visual processing; in subjects with TBI, can alter the activation pattern demonstrated during reading com...
Critical Appraisal of Prostate-specific Antigen in Prostate Cancer Screening: 20 Years Later

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is secreted by all types of prostate epithelial cells and has been used for 2 decades as a biologic marker for prostate cancer (PCa). Since the implementation of PSA screening in the United States, the detection of PCa has increased, accompanied by a decrease in the incidence of high-grade cancer and PCa-specific mortality rates. It has been suggested that these decreases have resulted from the enhanced detection of PCa while still curable. These data have been the impetus for early detection programs, which have recommended the initiation of screening as early as 40 years of age. Despite widespread use, PSA screening remains controversial, principally because of the lack of evidence from randomized controlled trials demonstrating a mortality benefit that could outweigh the concerns of the costs of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Two ongoing, randomized controlled trials are examining whether screening reduces the risk of PCa-related mortality, and the results of these studies are expected soon. Although it has its limitations, PSA still remains the best-studied marker for the detection of PCa.
Accuracy of point-of-care serum creatinine devices for detecting patients at risk of contrast-induced nephropathy: a critical overview.

AbstractContrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common event in hospitals, with reported incidences ranging from 1 to 30%. Patients with underlying kidney disease have an increased risk of developing CIN. Point-of-care (POC) creatinine devices are handheld devices capable of providing quantitative data on a patient’s kidney function that could be useful in stratifying preventive measures. This overview aims to synthesize the current evidence on diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of POC creatinine devices in detecting patients at risk of CIN. Five databases were searched for diagnostic accuracy studies or clinical trials that evaluated the usefulness of POC devices in detecting patients at risk of CIN. Selected articles were critically appraised to assess their individual risk of bias by the use of standard criteria; 13 studies were found that addressed the diagnostic accuracy or clinical utility of POC creatinine devices. Most studies incurred a moderate to high risk of bias. Overall concordance bet...
CAE simulation tool selection criteria for today's ASIC designs

Designers and managers are usually required to make selections of CAE simulation tools in preparation for a new ASIC design start. An often arduous task, as many as three or more vendors can be asked to present their products and demonstrate (either via evaluation or benchmark) the ability to match a set of selection criteria. The author has participated in many of these demonstrations and can attest to the lack of focus on some core simulation issues. Although the business, integration, ease-of-use, and process/methodology issues are all very important; it is necessary to return to a few simulation basics to ensure they are included in the selection criteria. Failing to do so could result in the selection of a set of tools only able to simulate a design under unrealistic circumstances (such as fixed temperature and/or voltage). Even worse, the design cycle could be extended due to lack of simulator capacity or performance. It is essential both designers and managers are sure the overall selection criteria called for in a 'corporate evaluation' includes these core issues important for their job. >
Spatial and temporal hydrodynamic and water quality modeling analysis of a large reservoir on the South Carolina (USA) coastal plain

Two-dimensional, 31-segment, 61-channel hydrodynamic and water quality models of Lake Marion (surface area 330.7 km 2 ; volume 1548.310 6 m 3 ) were developed using the WASP5 modeling system. Field data from 1985 to 1990 were used to parameterize the models. Phytoplankton kinetic rates and constants were obtained from a related in situ study; others from modeling literature. The hydrodynamic model was calibrated to estimates of daily lake volume; the water quality model was calibrated for ammonia, nitrate, ortho-phosphate, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a, biochemical oxygen demand, organic nitrogen, and organic phosphorus. Water quality calibration suggested the model characterized phytoplankton and nutrient dynamics quite well. The model was validated (Kolmogorov‐Smirnov two-sample goodness-of-fit test at PB0.05) by reparameterizing the nutrient loading functions using an independent set of field data. The models identified several factors that may contribute to the spatial variability previously reported from other research in the reservoir, despite the superficial absence of complex structure. Sensitivity analysis of the phytoplankton kinetic rates suggest that study site-specific estimates were important for obtaining model fit to field data. Sediment sources of ammonia (10‐60 mg m 2 day 1 ) and phosphate (1‐6 mg m 2 day 1 ) were important to achieve model calibration, especially during periods of high temperatures and low dissolved oxygen. This sediment flux accounted for 78% (nitrogen) and 50% (phosphorus) of the annual load. Spatial and temporal variability in the lake, reflected in the calibrated and validated models, suggest that ecological factors that influence phytoplankton productivity and nutrient dynamics are different in various parts of the lake. The WASP5 model as implemented here does not fully accommodate the ecological variability in Lake Marion due to model constraints on the specification of rate constants. This level of spatial detail may not be appropriate for an operational reservoir model, but as a research tool the models are both versatile and useful. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
The Needs of Women with Substance Use Problems: An Expanded Vision for Treatment

Although the number of females served in United States treatment programs for substance use has increased over the last decade, women continue to be underrepresented. This suggests that the prevalent treatment models, which tend to be male-oriented, may not provide appropriate strategies to meet women's needs. Substance use problems in women appear to be multidetermined phenomena in which genetics, familial history, psychosocial issues, and other environmental factors play contributing roles. Working from a relational theoretical model of female psychosocial development, a continuum of expanded services addressing the entire context of women's lives is discussed.
Incremental cost-effectiveness of a collaborative care intervention for panic disorder

Background Panic disorder is a prevalent, often disabling, disorder among primary-care patients, but there are large gaps in quality of treatment in primary care. This study describes the incremental cost-effectiveness of a combined cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy intervention for patients with panic disorder versus usual primary-care treatment. Method This randomized control trial recruited 232 primary-care patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for panic disorder from March 2000 to March 2002 from six primary-care clinics from university-affiliated clinics at the University of Washington (Seattle) and University of California (Los Angeles and San Diego). Patients were randomly assigned to receive either treatment as usual or a combined CBT and pharmacotherapy intervention for panic disorder delivered in primary care by a mental health therapist. Intervention patients had up to six sessions of CBT modified for the primary-care setting in the first 12 weeks, and up to six telephone follow-ups over the next 9 months. The primary outcome variables were total out-patient costs, anxiety-free days (AFDs) and quality adjusted life-years (QALYs). Results Relative to usual care, intervention patients experienced 60.4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 42.9-77.9] more AFDs over a 12-month period. Total incremental out-patient costs were 492 US dollars higher (95% CI 236-747 US dollars ) in intervention versus usual care patients with a cost per additional AFD of 8.40 US dollars (95% CI 2.80-14.0 US dollars ) and a cost per QALY ranging from 14,158 US dollars (95% CI 6,791-21,496 US dollars ) to 24,776 US dollars (95% CI 11,885-37,618 US dollars ). The cost per QALY estimate is well within the range of other commonly accepted medical interventions such as statin use and treatment of hypertension. Conclusions The combined CBT and pharmacotherapy intervention was associated with a robust clinical improvement compared to usual care with a moderate increase in ambulatory costs.
Reproduction in Captive Wild-Caught Coyotes (Canis Latrans)

Abstract We assessed reproductive patterns of coyotes (Canis latrans) from a 12-year data set involving 24 pairs of captive animals acquired from Latah County, Idaho. None of the females had placental scars (fetal implantation sites) at 1 year of age, but over 80% had placental scars by 2 years of age. The fraction with placental scars remained at 80–90% through age 9 years and then declined to <40% by age 12 years. Similarly, mean number of placental scars per female rose rapidly through 2–3 years of age, remained stable until age 8 years, and then progressively declined to a very low level by age 12 years. Numbers of pups observed were typically smaller than numbers of placental scars, with fewer placental scars represented by pups among younger females than older females.
Monochromatic (Line) Radiation

Classical electron radius. Consider the orbital motion of an electron of mass, m, and charge, e, about a nucleus of charge Z e. Equating the Coulomb force of attraction to the force from centripetal acceleration we obtain $$\frac{{Z\,{e^2}}}{{{r^2}}} = \frac{{m\,{v^2}}}{r}$$ (2-1) where r is the radius of the orbit, and v is the velocity of the electron. Solving for r, $$r = {r_0}{\left( {\frac{c}{v}} \right)^2}Z$$ (2-2) where the classical electron radius $${r_0} = {{{e^2}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{e^2}} {\left( {m{c^2}} \right)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\left( {m{c^2}} \right)}} \approx 2.818 \times {10^{ - 13}}\,cm$$ (2-3) Radius of the first Bohr orbit. Following Bohr (1913) we may assume that the angular momentum of the electron is quantized so that $$m\,v\,r = \frac{{h\,n}}{{2\pi }}$$ (2-4) where h ≈ 6.625 × 10−27 erg sec is Planck’s constant and n is an integer. Using Eqs. (2-1) and (2-4) we obtain the radius r n of the nth Bohr orbit. $${r_n} = {a_0}\frac{{{n^2}}}{Z}$$ (2-5) where the radius of the first Bohr orbit of hydrogen (Z =1) is $${a_0} = \frac{{{h^2}}}{{4{\pi ^2}m\,{e^2}}} \approx 0.529 \times {10^{ - 8}}\,cm$$ (2-6) Line frequency. For atomic or molecular radiation resulting from the transition between two levels of energy, E m and E n, the frequency of radiation, v mn , is given by (Planck, 1910; Bohr, 1913) $${v_{mn}} = {{\left| {{E_m} - {E_n}} \right|} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\left| {{E_m} - {E_n}} \right|} h}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} h}$$ (2-7) where | | denotes the absolute value, and h is Planck’s constant.
LDRD final report : mesoscale modeling of dynamic loading of heterogeneous materials.

Material response to dynamic loading is often dominated by microstructure (grain structure, porosity, inclusions, defects). An example critically important to Sandia's mission is dynamic strength of polycrystalline metals where heterogeneities lead to localization of deformation and loss of shear strength. Microstructural effects are of broad importance to the scientific community and several institutions within DoD and DOE; however, current models rely on inaccurate assumptions about mechanisms at the sub-continuum or mesoscale. Consequently, there is a critical need for accurate and robust methods for modeling heterogeneous material response at this lower length scale. This report summarizes work performed as part of an LDRD effort (FY11 to FY13; project number 151364) to meet these needs.
Numerical Simulation and Coarse-Graining of Large Particle Systems

We discuss the use of combined analysis and simulation to tackle the problem of bridging between the scales in large systems of interacting particles (agents). On the microscopic level we consider several models: Hamiltonian systems such as those that arise in atomistic models for fluids or solids; networks of grain boundaries modeled by evolution PDEs, as well as several stochastic processes. Coarse-graining may involve the passage to large scales in time, space or both. The larger scale models, whether at the mesoscopic or macroscopic levels, involve stochastic processes, stochastic differential equations, ordinary and partial differential equations. The passage between scales is done using two approaches. One involves the construction of a Markov process followed by probabilistic methods combined with simulation. The other follows continuum mechanics arguments combined with simulation. The role of simulation in both approaches is to bridge gaps in the analytical steps, suggesting conjecture about the behavior of certain quantities needed for a complete description on a particular scale.
The Musculature of the Head Appendages and the Cephalic Stomodaeum of Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Part I of this study describes the muscles of the antennae, labrum, mandibles, maxillae, labium, the cibariobuccal region, pharynx, and esophagus of the caterpillar. The first, second, and fourth dorsal dilators of the pharynx arise on the clypeus and the epistomal ridge rather than on the frontal region; this is correlated with a narrowing of the frons. The difficulties inherent in attempts to establish muscle homologies solely on the basis of their attachments are made apparent. Part II describes these muscles in the adult butterfly. The cibarial and buccopharyngeal region contribute to the sucking pump, whose major portion is formed by the cibarium. The hypopharynx is extended more anteroposteriorly in the adult than in the larva, giving the erroneous impression that, relative to the parts concerned, the frontal ganglion has moved backwards.
Genetic Studies of Skeletal Dimensions and Their Relation to Body Weight and Egg Production in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Abstract FOR the sake of convenience, the geneticist frequently divides hereditary characteristics into two types. Those with discrete limits of expression are inherited in a simple alternative manner and sometimes spoken of as qualitative characters. Such characters show a discontinuous variation and may be studied by simple Mendelian methods. The characters of greatest economic importance, such as weight, form, and production, are quantitative, show a continuous variation, and cannot be grouped into separate and distinct genetic classes. Such characters require special statistical treatment and a study of them is further complicated because of their extreme physiological and genetic complexity and the ease with which they are influenced by the environment. More definite information concerning the problems involved in the inheritance of size, form, growth, and egg production in the domestic fowl would be of considerable practical value to the poultry producer, as well as of scientific value in the field of . . .
Impurity in RNA preparations which inactivates RNase inhibitor and increases alkaline RNase activity.

SummaryPreparations of commercial ribonucleic acid have been shown to contain a contaminating substance which interferes with assay of pancreatic ribonuclease, intracellular ribonuclease activity, and activity of the endogenous ribonuclease inhibitor. The impurity is probably a metal since its action is annulled by dialyzing the nucleic acid against Versene or by adding Versene to the assay system. The presence of the impurity results in inactivation of the endogenous ribonuclease inhibitor of the tissues examined (liver, adipose tissue, spleen) which causes the release in active form of the inactive alkaline ribonuclease of the supernatant fluid fractions and also removes the inhibition of the particulate alkaline ribonuclease. This in turn, leads to high alkaline ribonuclease activities and high alkaline/acid ribonuclease ratios in homogenates of the tissues. The results emphasize the importance of the purity of the ribonucleic acid substrate in making accurate assays, under certain conditions, for the ...
Prototype Implementation and Concept Validation of a 4-D Trajectory Fuel Burn Model Application

As new technologies are implemented to enhance the National Airspace System it is important to consider their impact on the environment and on the cost of operations. One of the major considerations for both is the amount of fuel consumed by aircraft. This paper describes a unique methodology that can be used to estimate the total fuel consumed by aircraft based on their 4-D trajectories and the weather through which they flew. This methodology is based on the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL) BADA (Base of Aircraft Data) fuel burn model. The paper then describes how the BADA fuel burn model and weather data provided by the National Weather Service were implemented in a prototype application and how this prototype was validated using actual data recorded during a flight for a specific aircraft. The paper concludes with a summary that includes suggestions for improvements that should be incorporated when implementing the production version of the application.
Abstract 3671: The role of FOXQ1 in benzyl isothiocyanate-mediated inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer cells.

We have shown previously that breast cancer chemoprevention by benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) in mouse mammary tumor virus-neu transgenic mice is associated with induction of E-cadherin protein expression. Loss of E-cadherin expression concomitant with induction of mesenchymal markers (eg, vimentin and fibronectin) is a biochemical hallmark of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a developmental process but implicated in progression of cancer to aggressive state. We have also shown previously that BITC treatment inhibits EMT in cultured MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The present study extends these observations and investigates the mechanism by which BITC inhibits EMT. Initially, we designed experiments using another triple-negative human breast cancer cell line (SUM159) to determine generality of the BITC-mediated inhibition of EMT. Exposure of SUM159 cells to pharmacologically-relevant concentrations of BITC (2.5 and 5 μM) resulted in induction of E-cadherin protein expression, which was accompanied by suppression of vimentin protein level especially at the 5 μM dose. Protein levels of slug and snail, which are transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin, were also decreased markedly after treatment of SUM159 cells with BITC, but this effect was relatively more pronounced on slug protein level compared with snail. Similar to MDA-MB-231 cells, the BITC-mediated induction of E-cadherin protein expression in SUM159 cells was accompanied by its transcriptional upregulation as revealed by E-cadherin luciferase reporter assay. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed induction of E-cadherin protein and suppression of vimentin protein expression in BITC-treated SUM159 cells. BITC treatment resulted in downregulation of Forkhead Box Q1 transcription factor (FOXQ1) protein and FOXQ1 mRNA in MDA-MB-231, SUM159, and MDA-MB-468 cells. The BITC-mediated inhibition of MDA-MB-231 xenograft growth in vivo was associated with suppression of FOXQ1 protein level. Ectopic expression of FOXQ1 in a mammary epithelial cell line conferred marked protection against BITC-mediated inhibition of EMT as well as cell migration. In conclusion, the present study implicates FOXQ1 suppression in BITC-mediated inhibition of EMT in human breast cancer cells. This study was supported by the grant CA129347-06 awarded by the National Cancer Institute. Citation Format: Anuradha Sehrawat, Su-Hyeong Kim, Andreas Vogt, Shivendra V. Singh. The role of FOXQ1 in benzyl isothiocyanate-mediated inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3671. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3671
Evolution of Epigenetic Regulation in Vertebrate Genomes

Empirical models of sequence evolution have spurred progress in the field of evolutionary genetics for decades. We are now realizing the importance and complexity of the eukaryotic epigenome. While epigenome analysis has been applied to genomes from single-cell eukaryotes to human, comparative analyses are still relatively few and computational algorithms to quantify epigenome evolution remain scarce. Accordingly, a quantitative model of epigenome evolution remains to be established. We review here the comparative epigenomics literature and synthesize its overarching themes. We also suggest one mechanism, transcription factor binding site (TFBS) turnover, which relates sequence evolution to epigenetic conservation or divergence. Lastly, we propose a framework for how the field can move forward to build a coherent quantitative model of epigenome evolution.
Enhanced artificial neural networks estimating water quality constraints for the optimal water distribution systems design

AbstractOptimal water distribution system (WDS) design including the layout and pipe sizes is invariably complex, even when hydraulic constraints alone are considered. The addition of water quality (WQ) constraints adds to the computational demands. Using conventional WQ models to evaluate the feasibility of the many networks that must be analyzed can extend the optimization process beyond acceptable limits. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can approximate disinfectant concentrations in a fraction of the time required by deterministic WQ models, and thus have been used for WDS pipe optimization as fast surrogates of these models. This study seeks to improve the performance of ANNs applied to the optimal design of WDSs by comparing their outcomes on the basis of ANN architecture and data used for ANN training, two factors that affect their speed and accuracy. ANNs were trained to forecast the disinfectant concentration at the relevant nodes of two case studies: A simple WDS (common in the literature of WD...
Study on Multi-Source Decoy System Against ARM

The anti-radiation missile is the archenemy of radar in the current battlefield,while using multi-source decoy against ARM is a comparatively convenient and effective method.This paper analyzed the real attack process of ARM in details,and pointed out the shortcomings of ARM.This paper calculated the safe and optimum distance among radiation sources of the decoy system.Diagrams of ARM's point of impact and radar's protect probability curves were obtained with simulation analysis under different distributions.These conclusions play an important role in the research on the operational effectiveness of multi-source decoying system against ARM.
Causes and prevention of eccentric abrasion of polymer-flooded well rods

The velocity field, the stress field and the radial stress of the viscoelastic fluids flow in the eccentric annuli are calculated. The inertia force and the fluid resistance on the pumping rods are analyzed. Result shows that the bigger the eccentric rate and the inner rod velocity, the larger the radial force acted on the pumping rods, and the radial force is major factor to cause the eccentric abrasion.
Demonic Warfare: Daoism, Territorial Networks, and the History of a Ming Novel, by Mark R.E. Meulenbeld

The novel referred to in the title of this book is the late Ming work Fengshen yanyi 封神演義 (translated by the author as Canonization of the Gods), which recounts the fantastic exploits of heroes and...
INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH: REVERSING THE ORIENTATION

To be truly relevant, research must be oriented toward the future. After the research is completed, it must ultimately provide some value to society, whether near term or long term. Information systems researchers, concerned as we are with the uses of technology, operate under a severe handicap because we do not have opportunities to study new technologies while they are under development. Our challenge is to find ways to work together on the most relevant questions and to perform research at earlier stages of the technology life cycle.
3.01 – Boron-containing Rings Ligated to Metals

Advances since 1993 in the synthesis and chemistry of metal sandwich complexes of boron-containing cyclic ligands are reviewed. The ring systems covered include C4B (borole), C3B2 (diborolyl), C2B3 (triboracyclopentadienyl [carborane]), C5B (borabenzene), C4B2 (diborabenzene), C3B3, C2B4, C6B, C7B, and C5B2, as well as boron heterocycles containing N, P, O, or S. Proposed or actual applications of these compounds in the homogeneous catalysis of olefin polymerization and in the development of new materials having useful electronic or nonlinear optics are discussed, and recent studies of the electronic properties and metal–ligand binding are highlighted.
Prostate Specific Antigen in the Staging of Localized Prostate Cancer: Influence of Tumor Differentiation, Tumor Volume and Benign Hyperplasia

AbstractTo evaluate the usefulness of serum prostate specific antigen in the preoperative staging of prostate cancer we examined tumor volume and differentiation, as well as benign prostatic hyperplasia volume to determine their influence on serum antigen levels. Serum prostate specific antigen was measured in 350 men with clinically localized prostate cancer and preoperatively in 72 men with documented benign prostatic hyperplasia. Although the mean antigen levels increased with advancing pathological stage, the usefulness of prostate specific antigen to predict pathological stage for an individual patient was limited: 1 of 102 men (0.9%) with prostate specific antigen levels of less than 2.8ng./ml. had positive lymph nodes and 5 of 5 men with levels of greater than 100ng./ml. had either seminal vesicle or lymph node involvement. However, for the majority of men (greater than 70%) with prostate specific antigen values between these 2 extremes the antigen levels did not accurately predict pathological sta...
Remarks about the Jahn-Teller effect

Under special circumstances, it may be possible to observe an unusual phenomenon: a superconducting state which exists only at high temeratures.
THE PREJUDICES OF LEAST SQUARES, PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS AND COMMON FACTORS SCHEMES

We prove mathematically that the least squares regression scheme is of little use for identification from inexact data, even in the low noise case. Its results depend solely on the prejudice§ concerning which subsets of variables are chosen as “regressands” and which as “regressors” from a given set of data variables. In practice least squares regression results are always biased and depend on the relative noise levels, while even the signs of the “estimates” are completely determined by the arbitrary choice of the regressands if the number of underlying relationships is misspecified. The principal components (or statistical common factor) scheme fares a similar fate, since the choice of how many principal components (or common factors) to retain is essentially prejudiced and not determined by the data. Both schemes produce artificial and unexplained correlations among the residuals. For the principal components scheme this occurs because it usually violates Wilson's inequality. A fortiori we prove exactly why in practice factor indeterminancy occurs. The exact (ideal) multiple common factor scheme of Frisch and Thurstone has not yet been solved, except for small numbers (six and less) of data variables.
Social Pedagogy under Very Difficult Conditions: The Case of the Multicultural School of Athens

This paper presents social pedagogy under very difficult conditions in the Multicultural School of Athens. More specifically, the paper introduces the Participatory Transformative Pedagogy model developed to train our students to overcome conflicts and to learn to coexist, communicate and gradually to participate to common actions and finally to collaborate effectively. Our efforts aim to introduce cooperation among students that have come from war-torn countries, have suffered a lot and finally meet, in the same school, students ‘responsible for their suffering’; this is the environment of the first multicultural School of Athens. Participatory Transformative Pedagogy (PaTraPe), is a promising approach for making students develop relationships as the only way to deal with the demanding requirements of their classes that value cooperation. When sustainable relationships have been established, social pedagogy methods emerge. The aim of our model is to let a ‘social pedagogical wind’ blow in the Multicultural School of Athens, so that effective communication, community collaboration and social cohesion could be established.
Catathrenia (Nocturnal Groaning): A Social Media Survey and State-of-the-Art Review

Study Objectives:Catathrenia is an underrecognized nocturnal vocalization phenomenon that can be a source of perplexity to patients, bed partners, and medical providers. Catathrenia is distinct fro...
“We Are the Women of Utah”: The Utah Woman’s Press Club’s Framing Strategies in the Woman’s Exponent

Drawing on mediated framing theory, this article considers how the 19th-century Utah Woman’s Press Club used its opportunity to control its public image in the Utah-based suffrage periodical Woman’s Exponent. The Exponent was edited by the club’s founder, Emmeline B. Wells, and was an outlet for many of the area’s women writers. This article demonstrates how the group’s three primary themes—education and professionalization, politics, and faith—developed a gendered framing of 19th-century womanhood. This exploration considers how gender-specific publications can be a powerful outlet for women to challenge mainstream narratives about women’s abilities.
Negative exchange interactions in coupled few-electron quantum dots

It has been experimentally shown that negative exchange interactions can arise in a linear three-dot system when a two-electron double quantum dot is exchange coupled to a larger quantum dot containing on the order of one hundred electrons. The origin of this negative exchange can be traced to the larger quantum dot exhibiting a spin tripletlike rather than singletlike ground state. Here we show using a microscopic model based on the configuration interaction (CI) method that both tripletlike and singletlike ground states are realized depending on the number of electrons. In the case of only four electrons, a full CI calculation reveals that tripletlike ground states occur for sufficiently large dots. These results hold for symmetric and asymmetric quantum dots in both Si and GaAs, showing that negative exchange interactions are robust in few-electron double quantum dots and do not require large numbers of electrons.
An automated SPICE modeling procedure utilizing static and dynamic characterization of power FETs

This paper presents a procedure for autonomously generating behavioral SPICE models for wide bandgap power FETs using static and dynamic device behavioral data. The procedure applies a modified exhaustive corner search optimization algorithm to tune model parameters. This work utilizes parameters adopted from the Berkeley Level-3 MOSFET model to match static device characteristics, though the proposed methodology is modular and capable of accepting any set of model equations. Dynamic behavior optimization is performed using function calls to LTSPICE as an objective function in an optimization loop. The process presented yields a computationally-compact, automatically generated model which can be used to predict switch-mode behavior of various types of FETs in power electronics applications.
Project-Based Learning in International Financial Management

This exploratory study measures the effectiveness of the signature project-based learning model to assess the enhancement of student engagement. The goal of the signature project is to prepare stud...
Negative Differential Resistance in Superlattice and Heterojunction Channel Conduction Devices

The application of epitaxial III–V compound crystal growth techniques for negative differential resistance (NDR) high speed electronic devices has long been a subject of considerable interest. The earliest work employing crystals grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) consisted primarily of devices with current flow perpendicular to the growth interfaces.1 Interest in such devices remains high, and experimental successes have served as benchmarks of the improvement in state-of-the-art MBE growth.2,3 However, development of devices with current flow parallel to the growth interfaces has been somewhat slower. With the notable exception of various types of field effect transistor (FET) structures,4,6 the innovative use of MBE-based superlattices and heterostructures for planar devices remains at a very early stage of development.
Elevation and Fixation of the Lateral Brow and Canthus

Elevation of the lateral brow is accomplished by thorough dissection of the temporal pocket inferiorly to the zygomatic arch and canthus. Fixation of the released and elevated temporal flaps is thought to be primarily accomplished by re-adherence of the flap. Fixation is performed by placement of one or two sutures to engage the temporoparietal fascia flap inferiorly and the deep temporal fascia superotemporally.
History and Original Thoughts on the Control Theoretic Approach

I have been asked to present some historical background on the early theory of metabolic control; I am pleased to do so. I guess I was asked to do this because to some, at least, I am considered a grandfather of the field. I am not sure how I came to be a grandfather without ever being a father. Yet let that be, for I accept the accolade with sincere appreciation even though I think it partly, if not wholly, apocryphal. But if there are grandfathers, there must also be great-grandfathers and even great-great-grandfathers lurking in the woods. So with no small concern about the validity of such terms, I shall nevertheless address this history in those terms. Hopefully some grandchildren will be reading too. But let me note at the outset that I am not a scientific historian and that I present this history from a rather personal view.
Development of the Project Complexity Assessment and Management Framework for Heavy Industrial Projects

Complexity is a term applied throughout the project management field, and project complexity typically presents additional management challenges to achieving project objectives. Without an appropri...
Late-acting self-incompatibility and a narrow floral tube as selective forces for stylar dimorphism in Narcissus (Amaryllidaceae): A response to Simón-Porcar

Simon-Porcar proposes an alternative origin in the evolutionary pathway to heterostyly as described in a model proposed by Lloyd and Webb. Below I summarize her key points and namely consider the implications of comparing her model to ideas within the Charlesworth and Charlesworth model. The hypothesis that she has chosen to propose is similar to ones that others have proposed for this same genus, thus I have tried to distinguish how Simon-Porcar’s hypothesis differs from theirs, as well as give credit to their contributions to these ideas. Finally, I have added a few more suggestions related to testing her hypothesis.
A 28-year follow-up of adults with a history of moderate phonological disorder: linguistic and personality results.

The present investigation is a follow-up to a longitudinal speech and academic study involving approximately 400 normally developing children begun in 1960 by Mildred Templin. From this large data base, the present project invited the participation of two groups of subjects (now aged 32 to 34): (a) 24 adults with a documented history of moderately severe phonological disorder that persisted at least through the end of first grade (probands) and (b) 28 adults from the same birth cohort and schools who were known to have had at least average articulation skills over the same period (controls). Results of follow-up testing revealed that the proband adults performed significantly more poorly than the control adults on all of the administered measures of articulation, expressive language, and receptive language. Results obtained from a screening of nonverbal reasoning ability were equivocal. On a questionnaire measure of personality, both groups scored well within the normal range for the dimensions of extrove...
The joint entrance exam, overconfident directors and firm performance

Abstract India has held an annually administered national examination for admission into its most prestigious undergraduate engineering colleges for over 50 years (known as the Joint Entrance Exam or JEE). The odds of success in this exam are minuscule. We show that those corporate directors who, as teenagers, successfully passed the JEE, hold more directorships relative to those directors who did not enjoy similar success in their teenage years. We show a significantly positive relationship exists between firm performance and the fraction of such successful directors on a given corporate board. We also find that, when appointing a new director, those corporate boards comprised of a higher proportion of JEE-directors are more likely to appoint a JEE-successful individual. Furthermore, complex firms have larger boards and a larger fraction of JEE-directors. A significantly higher proportion of complex firms, when appointing new directors, appoint JEE-directors, relative to the other firms. We believe that the JEE-directors are an overconfident group (fueled by spectacular success early in life) and it is intrinsic overconfidence that propels them to make decisions on corporate boards that translates into superior firm performance.
Adsorption of organic micropollutants to biosolids-derived biochar: estimation of thermodynamic parameters

This research quantified thermodynamic parameters to better understand the use of wastewater biosolids-derived biochar as an adsorbent to remove micropollutants. The objective of this research was to quantify adsorption capacity; isosteric heat; and change of enthalpy, entropy, and free energy characterizing adsorption reactions between biochar and micropollutants. Adsorption isotherms were developed using a range of temperatures for the micropollutants benzyldimethyldecylammonium chloride (BAC-C10), carbamazepine (CBZ), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), and triclosan (TCS). The thermodynamic parameters derived from the isotherm data were used to assist in characterizing binding affinity, spontaneity, and mechanisms of adsorption. More polar compounds such as BAC-C10 and CBZ exhibited linear adsorption, indicating weak interactions with more polar amorphous moieties on the biochar surface. For the micropollutants that were present predominantly in the neutral form at pH 7 (CBZ, E2, EE2, and TCS), increasing hydrophobicity increased the extent of adsorption. The enthalpy change of adsorption and the positive correlation between hydrophobicity and change of entropy (R2 = 0.8) both suggest that hydrophobic interaction was the dominant adsorption mechanism for neutral compounds. Increases in adsorption with increasing temperature, together with the estimated thermodynamic parameters, indicated that the reactions were endothermic, meaning that higher temperatures should offer improved removal via adsorption. The negative free energy changes observed suggested that adsorption was spontaneous and that adsorption rates outcompete desorption rates. Under multi-solute conditions, the adsorption capacities for all compounds were suppressed to varying extents; however, the competitive multi-solute adsorption reactions were still spontaneous and endothermic.
Parental Perspectives on Financial Incentives for Adolescents: Findings From Qualitative Interviews:

Background. Financial incentives are becoming more common to promote health behaviors; however, little is known about the acceptability of incentivizing adolescent health behaviors. Design. Qualita...
The promise of a nonhuman turn for CIFC scholarship

ABSTRACTMaintaining an immaterial and modernist approach to interpersonal and family relationships obscures places in lived experiences where scholarly critiques may be most disruptive and impactfu...
Gender Preferences of Patients When Selecting Orthopaedic Providers.

Background Orthopaedic surgery is a male-dominated specialty associated with many stereotypes, despite the increased representation of females compared to 30 years ago. Numerous studies have examined medical student and resident perceptions regarding females in orthopaedic surgery to explain the disparity, but there are few studies that analyze whether patients have a gender preference in their orthopaedic surgeon. Our study sought to determine whether patients have a preference for the gender of their orthopaedic surgeon, and what traits in orthopaedic surgeons are important to their patients. Methods A total of 191 new patients seen in the emergency department and orthopaedic urgent care clinic were administered a 22-question survey regarding preferences in their orthopaedic provider. Patients were asked questions regarding preferred gender of their provider, as well as preferences in characteristics exhibited. Results The majority of patients did not have a preference for the gender of their orthopaedist (83.9%); however, 14.5% of patients preferred a female surgeon and 1.6% of patients preferred a male surgeon. Female patients had a preference for the same gender compared to male patients and preferred females (p=0.04). Of the patients that had a preference, 90% preferred a female provider. There were trends towards preference for gender that varied depending on subspecialty. There was a statistically insignificant trend towards preference for male providers in total joint replacements and spine surgery, and conversely a preference for female providers in hand surgery and pediatric orthopaedics. 48.6% of patients cited the single most important trait to be board certification, followed by years in practice (27.1%), then reputation or prestige (16.7%). Over one-third of patients found physical appearance, gender, racial background and age to be important traits. Conclusions The majority of patients did not have a preference for the gender of their orthopaedic surgeon. 16.1% of patients had a preference, and the majority of these patients preferred female surgeons. Preferences for a specific gender were seen that varied based on the subspecialty. Efforts at increasing gender diversity in orthopaedics should continue to be a major goal.Level of Evidence: III.
Mixed Election Systems Combining Electoral Districts with Proportional Representation Elections

Several nations combine single-member electoral districts with proportional representation in a dual system for the election of members of the lower chamber of its national legislature or for its unicameral national legislature.
Ending Corporate Tax Avoidance and Tax Competition: A Plan to Collect the Tax Deficit of Multinationals

Between 1985 and 2019, the global average statutory corporate tax rate has fallen from 49 percent to 23 percent, largely due to the rise of international tax competition. The biggest winners from globalization have received the largest tax cuts. In this paper we propose a solution to replace this race-to-the-bottom with a race-to-the-top. Multinational companies that have low effective tax rates in some foreign countries (what we call a “tax deficit”) would pay an extra tax in their home country. We explain how such a tax should be designed and how it could be collected. The ideal solution would be for all countries to jointly start collecting the tax deficit of their multinationals. We describe how defensive measures could be applied against countries refusing to take part in such an agreement, measures that could ultimately pave the way to global corporate tax coordination.
Simulations and experiments for automated fiber placement of prepreg slit tape: Wrinkle formation and fundamental observations

Abstract Simulations and experiments for automated fiber placement (AFP) of prepreg slit tape (tow) on a flat surface with different radii of curvature are presented, with emphasis on characterization of wrinkle formation. Bonding of the slit tape to the substrate surface is modelled through a sticky contact definition in Abaqus. Subsequent delamination and wrinkling are predicted through incorporation of measured mixed mode cohesive TSL for contact and bonding of the slit tape and substrate. Comparisons of predicted wrinkle shape, amplitude and wavelength to experimental measurements show excellent agreement for a 6.35 mm wide IM7/8552-1 prepreg tow placed on a flat surface using four different radii of curvature. In addition, simulations are demonstrated to be capable of capturing the mechanisms of wrinkle formation using a generally accepted damage model. Careful inspection of the stress and deformation conditions at the tow-substrate interface under the compaction roller reveals a combination of Mode II and Mode III tractions, with significant damage predicted under the roller due to the Mixed Mode II/III traction conditions. After passage of the roller, nearly instantaneous initiation and growth of wrinkles occur with relatively consistent spacing under predominantly Mode I condition at the interface.