cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Disruption of GABAA Receptors on GABAergic Interneurons Leads to Increased Oscillatory Power in the Olfactory Bulb Network

Synchronized neural activity is believed to be essential for many CNS functions, including neuronal development, sensory perception, and memory formation. In several brain areas GABA(A) receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition is thought to be important for the generation of synchronous network activity. We have used GABA(A) receptor beta3 subunit deficient mice (beta3-/-) to study the role of GABAergic inhibition in the generation of network oscillations in the olfactory bulb (OB) and to reveal the role of such oscillations in olfaction. The expression of functional GABA(A) receptors was drastically reduced (>93%) in beta3-/- granule cells, the local inhibitory interneurons of the OB. This was revealed by a large reduction of muscimol-evoked whole-cell current and the total current mediated by spontaneous, miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs). In beta3-/- mitral/tufted cells (principal cells), there was a two-fold increase in mIPSC amplitudes without any significant change in their kinetics or frequency. In parallel with the altered inhibition, there was a significant increase in the amplitude of theta (80% increase) and gamma (178% increase) frequency oscillations in beta3-/- OBs recorded in vivo from freely moving mice. In odor discrimination tests, we found beta3-/- mice to be initially the same as, but better with experience than beta3+/+ mice in distinguishing closely related monomolecular alcohols. However, beta3-/- mice were initially better and then worse with practice than control mice in distinguishing closely related mixtures of alcohols. Our results indicate that the disruption of GABA(A) receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition of GABAergic interneurons and the augmentation of IPSCs in principal cells result in increased network oscillations in the OB with complex effects on olfactory discrimination, which can be explained by an increase in the size or effective power of oscillating neural cell assemblies among the mitral cells of beta3-/- mice.
Evaluation of Dynamic Cell Processes and Behavior Using Video Bioinformatics Tools

Just as body language can reveal a person’s state of well-being, dynamic changes in cell behavior and morphology can be used to monitor processes in cultured cells. This chapter discusses how CL-Quant software, a commercially available video bioinformatics tool, can be used to extract quantitative data on: (1) growth/proliferation, (2) cell and colony migration, (3) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and (4) neural differentiation. Protocols created using CL-Quant were used to analyze both single cells and colonies. Time-lapse experiments in which different cell types were subjected to various chemical exposures were done using Nikon BioStations. Proliferation rate was measured in human embryonic stem cell colonies by quantifying colony area (pixels) and in single cells by measuring confluency (pixels). Colony and single cell migration were studied by measuring total displacement (distance between the starting and ending points) and total distance traveled by the colonies/cells. To quantify ROS production, cells were pre-loaded with MitoSOX Red™, a mitochondrial ROS (superoxide) indicator, treated with various chemicals, then total intensity of the red fluorescence was measured in each frame. Lastly, neural stem cells were incubated in differentiation medium for 12 days, and time lapse images were collected daily. Differentiation of neural stem cells was quantified using a protocol that detects young neurons. CL-Quant software can be used to evaluate biological processes in living cells, and the protocols developed in this project can be applied to basic research and toxicological studies, or to monitor quality control in culture facilities.
Promise Fulfilled: The Outlook for Higher Education

(1940). Promise Fulfilled: The Outlook for Higher Education. The Journal of Higher Education: Vol. 11, No. 7, pp. 397-398.
Renal phosphate transporters.

Purpose of review Phosphate homeostasis is tightly controlled by the coordinated activity of bone, kidney, intestine, and parathyroid gland. The renal phosphate transporters have emerged as key regulators of both total body phosphate homeostasis and serum phosphate concentration. This review focuses on the latest updates in phosphate transport and transporters with an emphasis on renal phosphate transporters. Recent findings Structure function analysis of type II sodium phosphate cotransporters has revealed motifs with significant similarity to those seen in other sodium-coupled solute transporters, identifying key amino acid residues important for solute binding and transport. Previously unidentified regulators of these transporters have been found, although their physiologic significance and interaction with more traditional regulators have not been established. Type II and type III sodium phosphate cotransporters play critical roles in bone, choroid plexus, and vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Summary Increasing knowledge of structure function relationships for sodium phosphate cotransporters, as well as greater appreciation for the complexity of their regulation and role in renal and nonrenal tissue, brings the promise of newer, more specific treatments for disorders of phosphate homeostasis. Video abstract http://links.lww.com/CONH/A10.
Efficient Bilateral Trade

We re-examine the canonical question of Myerson and Satterthwaite (1983) whether two parties can trade an indivisible good in a Pareto efficient way when they are both privately-informed about their valuations for the good. Relaxing the assumption that utilities are quasi-linear, we show that efficient trade is generically possible if agents’ utility functions are not too responsive to private information. In natural examples efficient trade is possible even when agents’ utility functions are highly responsive to their private information. The analysis relies on new methods we introduce.
Sterility induced in boll weevils by alkylating agents administered in an adult diet.

The chemosterilant activity of 4 alkylating agents to adult Anthonomus grandis Boheman was investigated. A diet containing 0.1% busulfan (1, 4-butanediol dimethane-sulfonate or ENT 25012) and fed for 6 days produced sterility in both sexes in 5 out of 7 tests. Busulfan 0.2% for 6 days and 0.4% for 4 days generally were effective against both sexes, but mortality was high in the male. Although ENT 61168 (diethylene glycol dimethanesulfonate) was ineffective against the male, this compound generally sterilized the females at either 0.4% for 4 and 6 days or 0.8% for 4 days. ENT 51904 (1, 3-propanediol dimethanesulfonate) was ineffective against the male, but all regimes produced sterility in the female. Apholate produced sterility in both sexes only when accompanied by excessive mortality.
Notes From the Incoming Editor: Final Installment

In 3 previous installments of “Notes from the Incoming Editor,” I introduced a range of new initiatives to be featured in Circulation starting June 29.1–3 I refer interested readers to those short articles in which I introduced several new content categories, including Frame of Reference and State of the Art. We have presented our model of globally distributed editorial leadership, which is central to our goal of leveraging the intellectual and creative energy of thought leaders worldwide and optimally engaging professionals globally. Last month, we introduced the Circulation “doodle,” an initiative to interject a bit of fun into the publishing process and to smoke out the artists in our midst. The 6 Circulation subspecialty journals and the Journal of theAmericanHeartAssociation are approaching 10 years in existence. Each is doing very well, and each is now fully independent, attracting a robust array of high-quality direct submissions (as opposed to referrals from Circulation ). In light of this, we are currentlypositioned to be even more responsive to our readers by providing early, internal editorial decisions on new submissions that are unlikely to have sufficient priority for Circulation or for one of the subspecialty journals. Obviously, no one enjoys a rejection letter, but it is better to receive one at 3 days than after several weeks. We will reject without review a larger fraction of submissions as a service to our authors, demonstrating respect for their valuable time; if a paper is deemed not to be a suitable fit for Circulation , the authors will learn this early on and can proceed to another journal. Perhaps even more, this initiative is a service to our reviewers, accomplished investigators who toil behind the scenes reviewing papers to support science and the journal. We will move toward a model in whichwe ultimately send …
Principles of Photonics

With this self-contained and comprehensive text, students will gain a detailed understanding of the fundamental concepts and major principles of photonics. Assuming only a basic background in optics, readers are guided through key topics such as the nature of optical fields, the properties of optical materials, and the principles of major photonic functions regarding the generation, propagation, coupling, interference, amplification, modulation, and detection of optical waves or signals. Numerous examples and problems are provided throughout to enhance understanding, and a solutions manual containing detailed solutions and explanations is available online for instructors. This is the ideal resource for electrical engineering and physics undergraduates taking introductory, single-semester or single-quarter courses in photonics, providing them with the knowledge and skills needed to progress to more advanced courses on photonic devices, systems and applications.
Collective matrix factorization for co-clustering

We outline some matrix factorization approaches for co- clustering polyadic data (like publication data) using non-negative factorization (NMF). NMF approximates the data as a product of non-negative low-rank matrices, and can induce desirable clustering properties in the matrix factors through a flexible range of constraints. We show that simultaneous factorization of one or more matrices provides potent approaches for co-clustering.
Art, Tourism Experience, and Consumer Metaphoria: Extended Abstract

In recent times, experiential design has become prevalent in tourism services to enhance consumer engagement (Ritchie 2009). Well-known examples in the USA, on a large scale, are Disney theme parks and the Las Vegas Strip and, on a smaller scale, American Girl Stores and Cabela’s Stores. In this chapter we seek to explore how consumer’s interactions with art works contribute to experiential tourism design. We refer to these interactions as consumer metaphoria, meaning how the deep metaphors of consumer experiences are revealed in their engagement with art. The study uses the fact that consumers interact with artwork in a symbolic expressive way, guided by deep metaphors. Metaphors are universal orientations of mental processes through which one thing is understood in terms of another (Zaltman 1997). Deep metaphors are an unconscious viewing lens of consumers that affect how they process and react to information or a stimulus (Zaltman and Zaltman 2008). They manifest themselves in surface metaphors used in everyday conversation. Deep metaphors reveal as well as construct consumers’ emotional states.
Coronary Artery Anomalies: Benign Entities or Pathologic Findings?:

Many cases of sudden, natural death have obvious gross or histologic pathology to which the death can be attributed fairly easily. Sometimes, though, one encounters a death in which an abnormal fin...
Preventing School Shootings: The Effectiveness of Safety Measures

The tragedies at Columbine High School, Virginia Tech, and Sandy Hook Elementary School catapulted concern about school shootings into the national spotlight. Calls for something to be done to prot...
Patterned synthesis of ZnO nanorod arrays for nanoplasmonic waveguide applications

We report the patterned synthesis of ZnO nanorod arrays of diameters between 50 nm and 130 nm and various spacings. This was achieved by patterning hole arrays in a polymethyl methacrylate layer with electron beam lithography, followed by chemical synthesis of ZnO nanorods in the patterned holes using the hydrothermal method. The fabrication of ZnO nanorod waveguide arrays is also demonstrated by embedding the nanorods in a silver film using the electroplating process. Optical transmission measurement through the nanorod waveguide arrays is performed and strong resonant transmission of visible light is observed. We have found the resonance shifts to a longer wavelength with increasing nanorod diameter. Furthermore, the resonance wavelength is independent of the nanowaveguide array period, indicating the observed resonant transmission is the effect of a single ZnO nanorod waveguide. These nanorod waveguides may be used in single-molecule imaging and sensing as a result of the nanoscopic profile of the light transmitted through the nanorods and the controlled locations of these nanoscale light sources.
Framing the Teaching Green Building: Environmental Education through Multiple Channels in the School Environment.

Teaching Green Buildings (TGBs) are designed to engage building users with the sustainable features of the building and offer unique opportunities to deliver environmental education (EE) through mu...
Augmenting WordNet-like lexical resources with distributional evidence. An application-oriented perspective

The paper deals with the issue of how and to what extent WordNet-like resources provide the necessary information for an assessment of semantic similarity which is useful for practical applications. The general point is made that taxonomical information should be complemented with distributional evidence. The claim is substantiated through experimental data and an illustration of a word sense disambiguation system (SENSE) capable of using contextually-relevant semantic similarity.
Effects of an Entertaining, Culturally Targeted Narrative and an Appealing Expert Interview on the Colorectal Screening Intentions of African American Women

Universal screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is recommended for individuals 50-75 years of age, but screening uptake is suboptimal and African Americans have suffered persistent racial disparities in CRC incidence and deaths. We compared a culturally tailored fictional narrative and an engaging expert interview on the ability to increase intentions to be screened for CRC among African American women. In a post-only experiment, women (N = 442) in face-to-face listening groups in African American churches heard audio recordings of either a narrative or an expert interview. Questionnaires were completed immediately afterward and 30 days later. Women who heard narratives reported stronger intentions to be screened with a home stool blood test than women who heard the interview; the effect lasted at least 30 days. Culturally tailored, fictional narratives appear to be an effective persuasive strategy for reducing racial disparities in CRC outcomes.
A Summary of the Anatomy and Current Regional Anesthesia Practices for Postoperative Pain Management in Total Knee Arthroplasty

The planning and implementation of an effective postoperative pain management program depend on the surgical technique for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the type of regional anesthesia, and the multimodal analgesia regimen. It is imperative to understand the surgical anatomy of TKA and the relevant nerve supply of the knee for optimum perioperative patient satisfaction with respect to pain management in the patient undergoing TKA. The commonly used regional techniques have their own specific benefits and limitations. The ideal postoperative pain management should be customized for a patient to achieve the goals of effective pain control, early ambulation, faster recovery, and discharge.
The Cameralists: Fertile Sources for a New Science of Public Finance

The cameralist writers emerged after 1500, primarily in the German-speaking lands, and stayed on the scene until the middle of the nineteenth century. While I devote some effort to characterizing some of the works and themes of the cameralists, I devote most of this chapter to an examination of the contemporary relevance of a cameralist orientation for scholarship in public finance. To place such stress upon contemporary relevance is not to ignore the vast differences between their times and ours, but is only to affirm that there are some enduring themes within the cameralist orientation that could prove interesting and fruitful for contemporary scholarship in public finance.
Urea Modeling: Introduction

Modeling in general means simulating reality. A model can be physical, like a construction model, which is a miniature facsimile of the real structure, or conceptual like a mathematical model. The test of a model is its ability to reproduce or conform to the object that inspired it, in all details. For example, a well-constructed model airplane or model train, except for its size, is often difficult to distinguish from the authentic original.
Sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and functional impairment among older adults with serious mental illness reporting moderate-to-severe pain

Objective To compare adults aged ≥50 years with serious mental illness reporting moderate-to-severe pain to older adults with serious mental illness without pain with respect to sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and functional impairment. Method Secondary data analyses were conducted using baseline assessments of 183 participants recruited for the Helping Older People Experience Success (HOPES) study from three community mental health centers. The primary outcome was self-reported, nonexperimentally induced, moderate-to-severe pain (referent = no-to-mild pain). Predictor variables consisted of sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and functional impairment. We conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the associations between these variables. Results Sixty-one participants (33.3%) from our sample reported pain. Pain was associated with all of the sociodemographic and health-related factors in univariable analyses. In the multivariable model, only older age, pain-related activity interference, and physical and emotional health-related social limitations were significantly associated with pain. Conclusions and implications for practice The presence of moderate-to-severe pain in older adults with serious mental illness is associated with pain-attributable impairment of activities and social problems above and beyond the substantial functional limitations routinely experienced by this high-risk, high-need group. Given the high rates of preexisting conditions and persistent social impairment among these older adults, our findings suggest that pain may contribute to worse overall functional outcomes. Future research and clinical interventions focused on improving outcomes should include an evaluation of pain as a contributor to decreased functioning and assess the need for early intervention, nonpharmacological pain management, or other health promotion services in psychiatric rehabilitation. (PsycINFO Database Record
The Constriction Arm Band Deformity in Brachioplasty Patients: Characterization and Incidence Using a Prospective Registry.

BACKGROUND Demand for brachioplasty in the United States has seen a dramatic increase, from 338 procedures in 2000 to 17,860 in 2016. In this article, the authors present their series of arm band deformities not yet described in the literature. METHODS This is a retrospective review of massive weight loss patients undergoing brachioplasty at their institution from 2000 to 2016. Preoperative and postoperative photographs were reviewed. Descriptive statistics and t test were used. RESULTS One hundred seventy-two patients underwent brachioplasty, and 25 patients (15 percent) were identified with the deformity. Twenty-four (96 percent) were women, with an average age of 60 years (range, 36 to 85 years) and a mean body mass index of 34 kg/m at the time of surgery (average, 2 years since gastric bypass; mean delta body mass index, 22 kg/m). The bands were generally single bands (100 percent) found bilaterally (68 percent) in the distal third (74 percent) of the upper arm and exacerbated (50 percent) by brachioplasty. The average specimen weighed 1005 g. The authors found that arm banding was associated with a higher current body mass index, but not with a maximum body mass index or delta body mass index. CONCLUSIONS For massive weight loss patients, arm band deformity is a challenging problem that can be exacerbated by brachioplasty. It can be identified preoperatively to aid in counseling. The authors found patients with a higher current body mass index to be at a higher risk for the arm band deformity after brachioplasty. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Risk, IV.
From Antenna Design to High Fidelity, Full Physics Automotive Radar Sensor Corner Case Simulation

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have recently been thrust into the spotlight in the automotive industry as carmakers and technology companies pursue effective active safety systems and fully autonomous vehicles. Various sensors such as lidar (light detection and ranging), radar (radio detection and ranging), ultrasonic, and optical cameras are employed to provide situational awareness to vehicles in a highly dynamic environment. Radar has emerged as a primary sensor technology for both active/passive safety and comfort-advanced driver-assistance systems. Physically building and testing radar systems to demonstrate reliability is an expensive and time-consuming process. Simulation emerges as the most practical solution to designing and testing radar systems. This paper provides a complete, full physics simulation workflow for automotive radar using finite element method and asymptotic ray tracing electromagnetic solvers. The design and optimization of both transmitter and receiver antennas is presented. Antenna interaction with vehicle bumper and fascia is also investigated. A full physics-based radar scene corner case is modelled to obtain high-fidelity range-Doppler maps. Finally, this paper investigates the effects of inclined roads on late pedestrian detection and the effects of construction metal plate radar returns on false target identification. Possible solutions are suggested and validated. Results from this study show how pedestrian radar returns can be increased by over 16 dB for early detection along with a 27 dB reduction in road construction plate radar returns to suppress false target identification. Both solutions to the above corner cases can potentially save pedestrian lives and prevent future accidents.
A broader outlook to reduce pre-exam stress

Stress, depression, and job burnout are plaguing the medical field. These issues have many causes, one of which is a stigma or the fear of being stigmatized that leads the sufferer to deny the problem or delay seeking help. In this article, I will share a recent story of how a mind adjustment from a negative view of the past failure to a broader outlook quickly and effectively reduced the pre-exam stress of a student in a class I am teaching.
Impact of decision to delivery time of fetal mortality in canine caesarean section in a referral population.

In human medicine, there is a recommended decision to delivery interval (DDI), which allows for the optimization of protocols and systematic review of hospital success. In veterinary medicine, no such guideline has been established or investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the interval from the decision to perform a caesarean section and the delivery of the neonates and fetal mortality at the time of surgery. One hundred and fifty canine caesarean sections were evaluated retrospectively. Caesarean cases were dichotomized to those that had at least one perinatal death and cases where all puppies survived. Factors that increased the likelihood of at least one perinatal death at caesarean section were: cases that presented as an emergency caesarean section, the dam presenting with a fetus in the vaginal canal, the dam not having a history of previous caesareans sections, and being multiparous. Even though there was no association of DDI with likelihood of having perinatal death, timing related factors that increased the likelihood of having at least one perinatal death at caesarean section were: cases where total anaesthesia time was longer than 2 h; time from induction to start of surgery was longer than 45 min and surgical time longer than 75 min. In conclusion, time is a factor in the success of canine caesarean sections and further research is needed to better define the optimal decision to delivery time in canine caesarean sections in order to optimize fetal survival and hospital protocol success rates.
AtTRAPPC11/ROG2: A Role for TRAPPs in Maintenance of the Plant Trans -Golgi Network/Early Endosome Organization and Function.

The dynamic trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) facilitates cargo sorting and trafficking and plays a vital role in plant development and environmental response. Transport protein particles (TRAPPs) are multi-protein complexes acting as guanine nucleotide exchange factors and possibly as tethers, regulating intracellular trafficking. TRAPPs are essential in all eukaryotic cells and are implicated in a number of human diseases. It has been proposed that they also play crucial roles in plants; however, our current knowledge about the structure and function of plant TRAPPs is very limited. Here, we identified and characterized AtTRAPPC11/RESPONSE TO OLIGOGALACTURONIDE2 (AtTRAPPC11/ROG2), a TGN/EE-associated, evolutionarily conserved TRAPP protein in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). AtTRAPPC11/ROG2 regulates TGN integrity, as evidenced by altered TGN/EE association of several residents, including SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS61, and altered vesicle morphology in attrappc11/rog2 mutants. Furthermore, endocytic traffic and brefeldin A body formation are perturbed in attrappc11/rog2, suggesting a role for AtTRAPPC11/ROG2 in regulation of endosomal function. Proteomic analysis showed that AtTRAPPC11/ROG2 defines a hitherto uncharacterized TRAPPIII complex in plants. In addition, attrappc11/rog2 mutants are hypersensitive to salinity, indicating an undescribed role of TRAPPs in stress responses. Overall, our study illustrates the plasticity of the endomembrane system through TRAPP protein functions and opens new avenues to explore this dynamic network.
Symptom, Symbol, and the Other of Language: A Jungian Interpretation of the Linguistic Turn

Every statement about language is also a statement by and about psyche. Guided by this primary assumption, and inspired by the works of Carl Jung, in Symptom, Symbol, and the Other of Language, Bret Alderman delves deep into the symbolic and symptomatic dimensions of a deconstructive postmodernism infatuated with semiotics and the workings of linguistic signs. This book offers an important exploration of linguistic reference and representation through a Jungian understanding of symptom and symbol, using techniques including amplification, dream interpretation, and symbolic attitude. Focusing on Ferdinand de Saussure, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Richard Rorty, Alderman examines the common belief that words and their meaning are grounded purely in language, instead envisioning a symptomatic expression of alienation and collective dissociation. Drawing upon the nascent field of ecopsychology, the modern disciplines of phenomenology and depth psychology, and the ancient knowledge of myth and animistic cosmologies, Alderman dares us to re-imagine some of the more sacrosanct concepts of the contemporary intellectual milieu informed by semiotics and the linguistic turn. Symptom, Symbol, and the Other of Language is essential reading for academics and students engaged in the study of depth psychology. However, the interdisciplinary approach of the work ensures that it will also be of great interest to those researching and studying in the areas of ethology, ecopsychology, philosophy, linguistics and mythology.
Estimating Teacher Attrition for Impact Study Design

The goal of this article is to provide guidance on teacher attrition rates that can inform power analyses. The subjects were a nationally representative sample of teachers responding to the Nationa...
A platform for performance phase II: Evaluations of the structurally transmitted energy of the cello/performer system

Stringed instruments such as the cello have been evaluated extensively from structural and acoustical perspectives, but the riser on which a cello sits has until recently been overlooked. This riser becomes acoustically coupled and can play a productive or counterproductive role in its acoustic projection. The cellist’s performance is understood to be enriched and enhanced by this piece of furniture, and this second installment in a two-part study further investigates the mechanical interaction between the musician, instrument, and supporting surface. This was accomplished by measuring the energy transmitted through five points of interface including the performer’s heel, toe, front and rear legs of the chair, and endpin of the instrument. Results of the relative amplitude and frequency response of the structurally transmitted sound at these points, using five different performers, two performance techniques, and the full range of the instrument, will be presented.Stringed instruments such as the cello have been evaluated extensively from structural and acoustical perspectives, but the riser on which a cello sits has until recently been overlooked. This riser becomes acoustically coupled and can play a productive or counterproductive role in its acoustic projection. The cellist’s performance is understood to be enriched and enhanced by this piece of furniture, and this second installment in a two-part study further investigates the mechanical interaction between the musician, instrument, and supporting surface. This was accomplished by measuring the energy transmitted through five points of interface including the performer’s heel, toe, front and rear legs of the chair, and endpin of the instrument. Results of the relative amplitude and frequency response of the structurally transmitted sound at these points, using five different performers, two performance techniques, and the full range of the instrument, will be presented.
A Wide Output Voltage Range Single-Input-Multi-Output Hybrid DC-DC Converter Achieving 87.5% Peak Efficiency With a Fast Response Time and Low Cross Regulation for DVFS Applications

To improve the power delivery in System-on-Chips (SoCs), this paper proposes a single-input-multi-output (SIMO) hybrid converter to obtain fast response time, low cross regulation, and 87% peak efficiency by using a multi-output hybrid power stage and dual-switching-frequency technique. The multiple-output hybrid power stage improves the conversion efficiency without sacrificing the output voltage range, and the dual-switching-frequency technique enhances the response time and cross-regulation performance. The proposed SIMO hybrid converter achieves 87.5% peak efficiency with an output voltage range from 0.4V to 1.6V for all outputs and a total maximum load current of 450mAAdditionally, it achieves less than 0.01mA/mV cross-regulation and less than 20mV overshoot at full-load step transient response.
Carbon nanotube dielectrophoresis: Theory and applications

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most extensively studied nanomaterials in the 21st century. Since their discovery in 1991, many studies have been reported advancing our knowledge in terms of their structure, properties, synthesis, and applications. CNTs exhibit unique electrothermal and conductive properties which, combined with their mechanical strength, have led to tremendous attention of CNTs as a nanoscale material in the past two decades. To introduce the various types of CNTs, we first provide basic information on their structure followed by some intriguing properties and a brief overview of synthesis methods. Although impressive advances have been demonstrated with CNTs, critical applications require purification, positioning, and separation to yield desired properties and functional elements. Here, we review a versatile technique to manipulate CNTs based on their dielectric properties, namely dielectrophoresis (DEP). A detailed discussion on the DEP aspects of CNTs including the theory and various technical microfluidic realizations is provided. Various advancements in DEP-based manipulations of single-walled and multiwalled CNTs are also discussed with special emphasis on applications involving separation, purification, sensing, and nanofabrication.
Positive and completely positive cones and Z-transformations

A well-known result of Lyapunov on continuous linear systems asserts that a real square matrix A is positive stable if and only if for some symmetric positive denite matrix X, AX + XA T is also positive denite. A recent result of Moldovan-Gowda says that a Z-matrix A is positive stable if and only if for some symmetric strictly copositive matrix X, AX + XA T is also strictly copositive. In this paper, we unify/extend these results by replacing R n and R n by a closed convex coneC satisfyingC C = Rn. This is achieved by relating the Z-property of a matrix on this cone with the Z-property of the corresponding Lyapunov transformation LA(X) := AX +XA T on the completely positive cone of C and the Z-property of L AT on the copositive cone of C in S n (the space of all real n n symmetric matrices). We carry out a similar analysis for the Stein transformation SA(X) = X AXA T :
Reflections of Community Organizers: Lawyering for Empowerment of Community Organizations

Community organizing and community organizations are key ways for people to gain power. In fact community organizers are often more important for empowering groups of people than lawyers. Lawyers who work with community organizations need to understand the ways that this work is different from traditional public interest litigation. Three community organizers set out ways that lawyers can help and hurt organizing efforts. These reflections offer insight into the role of law and lawyers in working with empowering community organizations.
Analyzing the Logic of Articles and Textbooks: Essentials and Practicum

This precis demonstrates how one can in written form apply intellectual standards such as clarity, accuracy, precision, relevance, depth, breadth, logic, significance, and fairness to analyze and evaluate the reasoning behind an article or textbook.
From Artifacts to Cultures: Technology, Society, and Knowledge in the Upper Paleolithic

The creation of cultural taxonomies has been a common feature of European Paleolithic archaeology since its inception nearly two centuries ago. Endeavoring to establish a scientific basis for the fledgling discipline, early prehistorians adopted the practices of paleontologists and biological systematists for artifacts recovered from Paleolithic sites. However, the absence of robust conceptual frameworks for cultural evolution and lack of common analytical protocols led to inconsistent terminology, idiosyncratic classifications, and weak links between the archaeological record, human behavior, and culture. This history continues to plague Paleolithic archaeology, hindering sophisticated research on human ecology, obscuring the processes that drove cultural and technological evolution, and making regional-scale syntheses nearly impossible. Pleistocene prehistory can certainly benefit from more consistent and transparent classification practices, common and well-defined terminology, and more replicable quantification. However, there are also fundamental conceptual issues underlying Paleolithic cultural taxonomies and their meaning that cannot be resolved by better analytical practices alone. We discuss the cultural, social, and technological processes responsible for pattern in the archaeological record. We focus on the typological systematics commonly used to measure variation within and among lithic assemblages, the socio-ecological-technological processes that generated that variation, and the complex relationships between assemblage characteristics and the nature of cultural knowledge transmission in social contexts. We conclude with a discussion of the usefulness of cultural taxonomies for the research objectives of twenty-first century Paleolithic archaeology.
The Future of Food: Shaping Diets and Nutrition

Technology holds the power to transform the way people produce, transport, prepare, and consume food. Technological innovations abound at every stage of the food supply chain. These technologies hold the potential to let farmers produce food more efficiently, processors store and transport products more safely, and companies develop unique foods. Whether consumers want more information or simply more convenience, these advances promise to deliver a more transparent, digitally connected eating experience personalized to their needs. This chapter focuses on new technologies that are changing the operation of food supplies, demand for certain types of foods, and culture shared around food.
Outcomes of peroral endoscopic myotomy in patients with achalasia and prior bariatric surgery: A multicenter experience.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in patients with achalasia who are status post bariatric surgery may be technically challenging due to postsurgical scarring and altered anatomy. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of POEM for achalasia in patients with prior bariatric surgery. A review of prospectively maintained databases at three tertiary referral centers from January 2015 to January 2021 was performed. The primary outcome of interest was clinical success, defined as a post-treatment Eckardt score ≤ 3 or improvement in Eckardt score by ≥ 1 when the baseline score was <3, and improvement of symptoms. Secondary outcomes were adverse event rates and symptom recurrence. Sixteen patients status post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 14) and sleeve gastrectomy (n = 2) met inclusion criteria. Indications for POEM were achalasia type I (n = 2), type II (n = 9), and type III (n = 5). POEM was performed either by anterior or posterior approach. The pre-POEM mean integrated relaxation pressure was 26.2 ± 7.6 mm Hg. The mean total myotomy length was 10.2 ± 2.7 cm. The mean length of hospitalization was 1.4 ± 0.7 days. Pre- and postprocedure Eckardt scores were 6.1 ± 2.1 and 1.7 ± 1.8, respectively. The overall clinical success rate was 93.8% (15/16) with mean follow-up duration of 15.5 months. One patient had esophageal leak on postprocedure esophagram and managed endoscopically. Dysphagia recurred in two patients, which was successfully managed with pneumatic dilation with or without botulinum toxin injection. POEM appears to be safe and effective in the management of patients with achalasia who have undergone prior bariatric surgery.
Bloch and normal functions on general planar regions

Let Ω be a hyperbolic region in the complex plane λΩ the density of the hyperbolic metric on Ω Set δΩ (z) = dist(z, ∂Ω); l/δΩ is called the quasihyperbolic density on Ω. Roughly speaking, we show that holomorphic functions cannot distinguish between λΩ and l/δΩ while meromorphic functions sometimes can. More precisely, for a holomorphic function f on Ω the quantities |f′ (z)|/(z)/λΩ (z) and |f′ (z)|δ Ω(z) are both either uniformly bounded on Ω (that is, fis a Bloch function) or unbounded. With the Euclidean derivative |f′| replaced by the spherical derivative f # = | f′|/(1+|f|2), Lehto and Virtanen have observed that the analogous result is generally false. However, we characterize those regions for which there exists a finite constant n = n(Ω) such that f #(z)δΩ(z) ≤ nf #(z)λΩ(z)≤ nf # (z)δΩ(z), z ∈ Ω, for any meromorphic function on Ω. In addition, we present another characterization of Bloch functions. A holomorphic function f on Ω is not a Bloch function if and only if there is a sequence {z n} n=1 221E zin Ω and a sequence {ρn} n=1 221E of positive numbers such that ρn/δΩ (zn) → 0 and f (zn + ρnς) — f(zn) →aς where |a| = 1, locally uniformly son C.
Shuttle extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) operational enhancements

An EMU program activity is considered aimed at achieving a 25 percent reduction in ground turnaround man-hours and processing time between missions and extending EVA on-orbit capabilities. Tasks being implemented with expected benefits to NASA-manned spaceflight programs are identified and described. It is concluded that the EMU enhancements made to increase durability and reduce ground processing time will also provide the capability for on-orbit suit resizing and make possible the extension of the present on-orbit certification limit from 3 to 5 EVAs.
Global Stability of Area-Preserving Mappings

The area-preserving mapping $$ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {x' = x + a(y - {{y}^{3}})} \\ {y' = y - a(x' - x{{'}^{3}})} \\ \end{array} $$ has been examined for long-time stability, with attention concentrated on the region surrounding the origin. For a = 1.7, the fixed points of order 21 are somewhat closer to the origin than the fixed points of order 16. Whereas some points on the eigencurves from fixed points of order 16 can readily escape to large distances, those on the eigencurves from fixed points of order 21 can escape with extreme difficulty.
Phosphorylation of the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1

GATA-1 is a zinc finger DNA-binding protein thought to be involved in the expression of the vast majority of erythroid specific genes. We have examined the phosphorylation of GATA-1 in murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells and have mapped the sites of phosphorylation by overexpression of GATA-1 in monkey kidney COS cells. We show that GATA-1 is phosphorylated on 6 serines within its amino terminus in uninduced MEL cells and that a 7th site, serine 310, becomes phosphorylated after MEL cells are induced to differentiate by exposure to dimethyl sulfoxide. This site lies near the carboxyl boundary of the DNA-binding domain in a conserved region of the protein believed to be involved in DNA bending. Detailed analyses indicate, however, that phosphorylation at this site, or the other sites identified, does not significantly influence DNA-binding affinity or specificity, DNA bending, or transcriptional transactivation by GATA-1.
Correlation of the deply technique with ultrasonic imaging of impact damage in graphite-epoxy composites

The ultrasonic quantitative NDE of graphite-epoxy composites is difficult because of the inherent inhomogeneity of the material. An examination technique must discriminate between inherent scattering centers in an undamaged region and the scattering centers due to defects or damage. Two NDE techniques that can make this distinction were used to image and quantify the extent of damage resulting from a low-energy impact. These results were then compared with those from a destructive technique. The first NDE technique, polar backscatter, employed a nonzero polar angle insonifying method to reduce specular reflection from the surface of the sample; the second NDE technique used a normal-incidence ultrasonic beam. Results from both NDE methods were subsequently correlated with those from a destructive technique, the deply method. Both the qualitative and quantitative agreement of the methods was excellent.
Light and velocity curves of bump cepheids

We present light and velocity curves for eight hydrodynamic bump Cepheid models. All of the models were converged to the fundamental mode solution using a relaxation technique developed by Stellingwerf (1974). Our use of this method assures that the time behavior repeats each period to better than one part in a thousand. The motivation for this work was to help Buchler, at the University of Florida, to develop his theory of modal interactions in pulsating stars. 4 refs., 8 figs.
Failed Treatment of an Ectopic Pregnancy Despite Beta-HCG of < 2

Missing an ectopic pregnancy in a female with abdominal pain of child bearing status can be detrimental to the patient as well as the career of the physician. Being the third leading cause of maternal mortality at 6%, and encompassing approximately 2% of all pregnancies, this is a diagnosis that physicians cannot afford to miss. The following is an unusual presentation of an ectopic pregnancy with a negative beta-HCG (BHCG) and a discussion of the literature on medical treatment of entopic pregnancies with methotrexate. doi:10.4021/jmc494w
Direct Optimal Tracking of Linear Systems using Assumed-Time-Modes Method

Direct optimal contol policies are developed for tracking control of spatially discrete linear systems. An assumed time-modes method in which the dependent variables of the dynamics problem are expanded in, terms of admissible basis functions in time is extended to include a similar representation of the control inputs. This approach together with direct use of Hamilton's law of varying action allows explicit integration in time leading to the algebraic equations of motion. Expansion coefficients for the dependent variables and those for input forces constitute the states and controls respectively. Prescribed trajectories for tracking can be supplied analytically or as point-data and they are curve fitted for direct use. A typical performance measure of linear quadratic regulator theory is considered for the linear optimal tracking problem and it is trasformed into an algebraic objective function by using the assumed time-modes expansions. Resulting algebraic linear optimal trcking ing problem yields closed form solutions for the optimal control gains directly. The method is illustrated with simulation of a well-known two degrees of freedom problem.