cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mutations at the base of the icosahedral five-fold cylinders of minute virus of mice induce 3'-to-5' genome uncoating and critically impair entry functions.

The linear single-stranded DNA genome of minute virus of mice can be ejected, in a 3′-to-5′ direction, via a cation-linked uncoating reaction that leaves the 5′ end of the DNA firmly complexed with its otherwise intact protein capsid. Here we compare the phenotypes of four mutants, L172T, V40A, N149A, and N170A, which perturb the base of cylinders surrounding the icosahedral 5-fold axes of the virus, and show that these structures are strongly implicated in 3′-to-5′ release. Although noninfectious at 37°C, all mutants were viable at 32°C, showed a temperature-sensitive cell entry defect, and, after proteolysis of externalized VP2 N termini, were unable to protect the VP1 domain, which is essential for bilayer penetration. Mutant virus yields from multiple-round infections were low and were characterized by the accumulation of virions containing subgenomic DNAs of specific sizes. In V40A, these derived exclusively from the 5′ end of the genome, indicative of 3′-to-5′ uncoating, while L172T, the most impaired mutant, had long subgenomic DNAs originating from both termini, suggesting additional packaging portal defects. Compared to the wild type, genome release in vitro following cation depletion was enhanced for all mutants, while only L172T released DNA, in both directions, without cation depletion following proteolysis at 37°C. Analysis of progeny from single-round infections showed that uncoating did not occur during virion assembly, release, or extraction. However, unlike the wild type, the V40A mutant extensively uncoated during cell entry, indicating that the V40-L172 interaction restrains an uncoating trigger mechanism within the endosomal compartment.
Development of an open access tool for design, simulated dispatch, and economic assessment of distributed generation technologies

The design and deployment of DG systems requires an integrated assessment of the building and generator dynamics including the time-variant energy costs and emission factors. Static design optimizations are unable to consider the physical generator operating constraints, seasonal variability and non-coincidence in electric, heating, and cooling demands. This paper introduces the Distributed Generation Build-out Economic Assessment Tool (DG-BEAT) which combines building, utilities, and emissions databases with a library of simplified generator and building models in a user-friendly interface. Five control strategies are presented for the dynamic dispatch of distributed generation technologies at commercial buildings. The control approaches stem from the physical limitations of different generator types. Methods are also outlined for the dispatch of complementary technologies (e.g. energy storage) and accommodation of on-site renewables (e.g. solar PV) which could further improve the economic or environmental benefits of distributed generation. This paper details the methodology of sizing and dispatching distributed generation components, outlines eight databases that are employed to capture regional variations in pricing and building dynamics, and discusses the myriad of customizations available to provide a tailored analysis for a single building or national impact studies.
A Potential New Colony of Ashy Storm-petrels on the Mainland Coast of California, USA

Abstract We report evidence of likely nesting of the Ashy Storm-petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa) on islets adjacent to Vandenberg Air Force Base in northern Santa Barbara County, California, USA. Ten storm-petrels, along with extensive suitable habitat in the area, suggest a small colony of breeding birds. Other offshore islets along California’s central coast might hold small numbers of storm-petrels. In addition, there are possibly breeding storm-petrels in suitable remote mainland areas, such as at Vandenberg Air Force Base.
U.S. older workers: Their employment and occupational problems in the labor market

Problems in the work place tend to increase with advancing age. The passage of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967 was an important response to growing concern with the biases against some older workers in employment practices. Wider use of a variety of techniques and practices such as the introduction of flexible work arrangements, special job counselling and selective placement, retraining and re-educating the general public, particularly employers to the great potential of older workers, would enable a number of older workers to be gainfully employed. Older workers must be helped to realize that their waning years are not meant to be frustrating and fruitless.
Analysis of cell surface erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) expression and function in human epithelial tumor tissues

11104 Background: EpoR mRNA and protein expression have been reported at low levels in human tumors implying EpoR may be functional in tumor cells with inferred implications for the use of erythrop...
Nuclear PTEN functions as an essential regulator of SRF-dependent transcription to control smooth muscle differentiation

Vascular disease progression is associated with marked changes in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype and function. SMC contractile gene expression and, thus differentiation, is under direct transcriptional control by the transcription factor, serum response factor (SRF); however, the mechanisms dynamically regulating SMC phenotype are not fully defined. Here we report that the lipid and protein phosphatase, PTEN, has a novel role in the nucleus by functioning as an indispensible regulator with SRF to maintain the differentiated SM phenotype. PTEN interacts with the N-terminal domain of SRF and PTEN-SRF interaction promotes SRF binding to essential promoter elements in SM-specific genes. Factors inducing phenotypic switching promote loss of nuclear PTEN through nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation resulting in reduced myogenically active SRF, but enhanced SRF activity on target genes involved in proliferation. Overall decreased expression of PTEN was observed in intimal SMCs of human atherosclerotic lesions underlying the potential clinical importance of these findings.
Chemotherapy-Related Emergencies

Chemotherapy and other cytotoxic therapies, such as monoclonal antibody-based and targeted therapies, have played a significant role in the survival of cancer patients. Despite its usefulness, chemotherapy may lead to significant adverse events owing to side effects and to hypersensitivity and infusion-related reactions. Monitoring protocols and education of both health care professionals and patients about potential side effects and adverse reactions are key to early recognition and management of these events. Premedication regimens should be considered for use with chemotherapeutic and cytotoxic agents with a high likelihood of causing hypersensitivity reactions. Desensitization protocols also may be required, and medications needed for treatment of these reactions should be made readily available. Another potential source of morbidity during treatment is the fact that many cytotoxic agents are vesicants or vascular irritants. Symptoms of vascular irritation can appear immediately but are not permanent, whereas vesication can cause necrosis and permanent local injury, and use of antidotes may be necessary. Creation and use of institutional guidelines, order sets, and policies can be very helpful in preventing extravasation and optimizing outcomes in patients who receive chemotherapy or other cytotoxic therapies.
Fetal surveillance--update.

There are numerous protocols for antepartum fetal heart rate testing. It is pointless to try to determine which is the "best" protocol. Each individual clinician should evaluate the protocols in his institution for applicability to clinical practice. The basic requirements for accurate screening tests should be met by any proposed clinical management scheme, i.e., ease of performance, low false normal rate, acceptable false abnormal rate, knowledge of perinatal outcome, and cost effectiveness. The protocol chosen must then be applied consistently and uniformly. The application of these principles will aid physicians in improving care for their pregnant patients.
Abstract 1000: The long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS2 regulates mesenchymal glioma stem cell tumorigenicity

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, which initiation and progression is driven by a subset of self-renewing GBM stem-like cells (GSCs). Long-non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently shown to play important roles in regulating numerous biological processes both in physiologic and pathologic condition. Identification of functional lncRNAs important for GBM initiation and progression may shed new light on understanding pathophysiology of the disease. We used a custom made lncRNA Nanostring platform to profile the expression of lncRNAs in subtype-characterized collection of patient-derived GSCs. We demonstrated that lncRNA signature may distinguish between GSC subtypes. Out of 73 lncRNAs we found 7 that were overexpressed specifically in the most aggressive mesenchymal (M) GSC subtype. Among them, HIF1A-AS2 was the most differentially expressed lncRNA. HIF1A-AS2 was reported to be overexpressed in many types of cancers; however its biological function and its role in GBM progression are unknown. Knockdown of HIF1A-AS2 in M GSCs resulted in reduced growth, increased cytotoxicity, and it strongly inhibited their neurosphere formation capability. Using more global approach we found out that knockdown of HIF1A-AS2 in M GSCs caused deregulation of several out of 730 cancer-related genes. Functional bioinformatic analysis revealed that these differentially expressed mRNAs are closely related to proliferation, transcriptional regulation and cell division. RNA pull-down assay showed that HIF1A-AS2 may exert its effects through specific binding of RNA helicase DHX9, a multifunctional protein with important roles in transcription, pre-mRNA processing and translation. We also demonstrated that HMGA1, a gene known to be regulated by DHX9, was specifically down-regulated in HIF1A-AS2 knockdown cells both at mRNA and protein level. Finally, we showed that silencing of HIF1A-AS2 blocked M GSC tumor growth in vivo resulting in significant survival benefits. Taken together, our results suggest HIF1A-AS2 as an important lncRNA in pathophysiology of GBM. Citation Format: Marco Mineo, Franz Ricklefs, Arun Rooj, Shawn M. Lyons, Pavel Ivanov, Ennio A. Chiocca, Jakub Godlewski, Agnieszka Bronisz. The long non-coding RNA HIF1A-AS2 regulates mesenchymal glioma stem cell tumorigenicity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1000.
On the Design of Virtual Machine Sandboxes for Distributed Computing in Wide-area Overlays of Virtual Workstations

With recent advances in virtual computing and the revelation that compute-intensive tasks run well on system virtual machines (VMs), the ability to develop, deploy, and manage distributed systems has been ameliorated. This paper explores the design space of VM-based sandboxes where the following techniques that facilitate the deployment of secure nodes in wide-area overlays of virtual workstations (WOWs) are employed: DHCP-based virtual IP address allocation, self-configuring virtual networks supporting peer-to-peer NAT traversal, stacked file systems, and IPsec-based host authentication and end-to-end encryption of communication channels. Experiments with implementations of single-image VM sandboxes, which incorporate the above features and are easily deployable on hosted I/O VMMs, show execution time overheads of 10.6% or less for a batch- oriented CPU-intensive benchmark.
Caught in a Cataclysm: Effects of Pueblo Warfare on Noncombatants in the Northern Southwest

The biological and societal effects of warfare reach far beyond the effects on the combatants themselves. In this chapter, we examine bioarchaeological data for the Pueblo residents of the northern San Juan region for evidence of warfare-associated morbidity and mortality among noncombatants, primarily women and children. Analytic data for a large collection of remains from Mesa Verde National Park, as well as from settlements such as Sand Canyon, Castle Rock, and Goodman Point pueblos in the Montezuma Valley, were examined as part of this study. The data indicate that, during times of heightened warfare, both warriors and noncombatants suffered significant levels of antemortem trauma and lethal-level perimortem trauma; health-stress indicators such as enamel hypoplasia, cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis, and periostitis are also present. Violence and warfare in the form of raiding and full-scale attacks on settlements exacted a heavy toll on the physical and mental welfare of many women and children in the region during cycles of elevated warfare, which coincided with pronounced environmental downturns and preceded significant population movements. The results of this study provide a means to discover the wider societal impacts of warfare on noncombatants in prehistoric Pueblo society and an opportunity to scrutinize the socially mediated role of warfare within the fabric of a pre-state society in the US northern Southwest.
Spaces of Entanglement: Labor and Construction Practice at Fort San Juan de Joara

An analysis of architectural remains reveals changes in both construction practice and the organization of labor during the occupation of Fort San Juan de Joara, located at the Berry site in present-day North Carolina. This fort and its associated domestic area, referred to as the Spanish compound, were established in December 1566 by Captain Juan Pardo and constitute the earliest European settlement in the interior of what is now the United States. Excavations in Structures 1 and 5, built at different times in the compound’s 18-month occupation, recovered well-preserved remains of wooden construction elements, with some displaying evidence of cutting and preparation with metal tools. Focusing on wood selection and wood preparation, we show that construction labor through the early phase of the Spanish occupation was divided between settler and indigenous host communities; later, however, as relations between these groups deteriorated, so did indigenous participation in Spanish construction projects.
The work experience of a patient affected by Williams Syndrome: a pilot project at the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital.

A new approach has been designed at the Bambino Gesu Children’s Hospital in Rome aimed at increasing empowerment in Williams Syndrome individuals through tutor-assisted work activities. Williams Syndrome is characterized by a combination of distinguishing physical traits, congenital anomalies, intellectual disabilities, and a specific developmental profile. This manuscript describes the case of a Williams Syndrome patient. There are only few papers in the scientific literature describing interventions targeting improvement in the quality of life of adult Williams Syndrome individuals. Therefore, this experience may prove useful to several patients, their families, and the experts helping them. We described an example of intervention aimed at guiding and facilitating a Williams Syndrome patient within a work environment, taking into consideration the peaks and valleys of these individuals’ specific abilities. Based on our results, we also stressed the need to promote a set of projects and initiatives aimed at enhancing as much as possible self-sufficiency and psycho-affective balance in Williams Syndrome individuals, in order to protect their dignity and self-esteem.
Secondary Prevention Strategies

Nearly all patients with coronary artery disease have at least one modifiable cardiovascular risk factor and most risk factors remain inadequately controlled after patients are diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD). The suboptimal management of cardiovascular risk factors in secondary prevention contributes to high rates of recurrent coronary events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction.
CT Image Enhancement for Feature Detection and Localization

In recent years, many pre-processing filters have been developed in order to enhance anatomical structures on chest CT images. These filters are typically based on the analysis of the multiscale second-order local information of the image, that helps identify structures with even (tubes) or odd (surfaces) symmetries. Therefore, they often require specific parameter tuning to enhance the different structures. Moreover, while the filters seem to be able to isolate the structure of interest, they do not provide information about the sub-voxel location of the feature. In this work, we present a novel method for vessel, airway, and fissure strength computation on chest CT images using convolutional neural networks. A scale-space particle segmentation is used to isolate training points for vessels, airways, and fissures which are then used to train an 8-layer neural network with 3 convolutional layers which define high order local information of the image. The network returns a probability map of each feature and provides information on the feature offset from the voxel sampling center, allowing for sub-voxel location of the different structures. The proposed method has been evaluated on clinical CT images and compared to other methods for feature enhancement available in the literature. Results show that the proposed method outperforms competing algorithms in terms of enhancement and is also unique in providing subvoxel information.
Psychometric validation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale in Head and Neck Cancer patients.

Abstract Objective The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20-item tool developed to screen for depression in the general population. To psychometrically evaluate and validate the CES-D scale for use in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Methods The CES-D was applied to 130 subjects at onset of radiation treatment and 3-months following treatment. Analysis was conducted via face and content validity using two expert raters, internal consistency was applied using Cronbach's alpha, test retest reliability comparing baseline to 3-month application, concurrent validity was performed against the FACT-HN depressed affect, somatic/retarded activity, and positive affect. In contrast to general populations, the factor 'disturbed interpersonal skill' was not retained. Conclusion Results confirm the reliability and validity of the CES-D as a measure of depression in HNC populations. Proposed cut off scores remain stable but scale responsiveness suggests caution when evaluating change over time in this population.
‘Febrile’ Seizures Requiring Brain Biopsy

(1980). ‘Febrile’ Seizures Requiring Brain Biopsy. Hospital Practice: Vol. 15, No. 11, pp. 23-24.
The Neuroanatomy of Brain-Stimulation Reward

The title to this chapter may be short, but it implies the longest of all creditable bridges in psychobiology: understanding the structure/function relationship well enough to be able not only to point out the neural elements, but also to show how those elements acting together give rise to function. The first part of the process of constructing that long bridge between structure and function involves analysis in which the components of a system are isolated and defined. The second part of the process, and much more difficult, involves synthesis or the building back to function from the structure (cf. Teitelbaum, 1967). Synthesis in psychobiology is often attempted by making a model and, here, the model is sometimes spoken of as a “wiring diagram.” The analogy to electronic circuits is intended where function can be clearly specified in terms of structure. In some cases, such as the process of sensitization and habituation in the gill retraction reflex of Aplysia (Kandel, 1979), behavioral neuroscience seems well on its way to such a wiring diagram. Also, as discussed previously in the introduction to chapter 5, vision neuroscience seems to be making some progress toward a circuit-like understanding of aspects of visual function.
Iterative Solutions Schemes

There are two main approaches to solving systems of equations resulting from numerical discretization of solid mechanics problems, direct and iterative.
Alcohol and HCV: Implications for Liver Cancer

Liver cancers are one of the deadliest known malignancies which are increasingly becoming a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Overwhelming evidence suggests a strong role of infection with hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV), alcohol abuse, as well as metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes either individually or synergistically to cause or exacerbate the development of liver cancers. Although numerous etiologic mechanisms for liver cancer development have been advanced and well characterized, the lack of definite curative treatments means that gaps in knowledge still exist in identifying key molecular mechanisms and pathways in the pathophysiology of liver cancers. Given the limited success with current therapies and preventive strategies against liver cancer, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic options for patients. Targeting HCV and or alcohol-induced signal transduction, or virus–host protein interactions may offer novel therapies for liver cancer. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanistic development of liver cancer associated with HCV infection and alcohol abuse as well as highlights potential novel therapeutic strategies.
Late Quaternary Glaciation of Northern Pakistan

Abstract In northern Pakistan, Quaternary glaciation was more extensive prior to the last glacial cycle, and the local LGM (probably MIS 3) occurred early in the last glacial cycle and was not coincident with the global LGM. Multiple glacial advances occurred during the latter part of the Holocene and the Neoglacial. Glaciers likely advanced during the LIA and have retreated since the beginning of the twentieth century.
Sulfurtransferase Enzymes Involved in Cyanide Metabolism

The major route of cyanide metabolism is conversion to thiocyanate, a nontoxic metabolite that is excreted. The sulfurtransferase enzymes, rhodanese and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST), catalyze sulfuration of cyanide to thiocyanate. Rhodanese is a ubiquitous mitochondrial enzyme found in high concentration in liver and kidney. Structurally, it is a momomeric sulfurtransferase that forms a persulfide-substituted enzyme by reacting with the sulfane sulfur substrate and then transfers the sulfur to cyanide to generate thiocyanate. This is an efficient biotransformation process limited by availability of the sulfane sulfur substrate. A number of disorders, including tobacco amblyopia, tropical ataxic neuropathy and Konzo (spastic paraparesis), are associated with either chronic cyanide exposure and/or limited rhodanese substrate availability. Recently, functional genetic polymorphisms of the enzyme have been reported, raising the possibility that some individuals may have limited detoxication capacity and enhanced sensitivity to cyanide. MST is structurally homologous with rhodanese and catalyzes sulfuration of cyanide by using 3-mercaptopyruvate (3-MP) as a sulfur donor to yield pyruvate and thiocyanate. This enzyme is localized in both cytosol and mitochondria, and may have a role in overall biotransformation of cyanide. A number of different sulfur-donor substrates for MST have been identified and optimization of substrate design has been studied to enhance the rate of cyanide elimination. Minor pathways of cyanide biotransformation, including thiosulfate reductase, cystathionase γ-lyase and albumin, may also contribute to in vivo metabolism of cyanide.
Freud and His Followers

It is said that Freud and his circle put so much emphasis on understanding history, art, literature, religion, and culture generally because, in that early period, they lacked sufficient numbers of patients to discuss psychoanalytic issues among themselves with any degree of scientific rigor. Their real interests were clinical and theoretical, but the only “cases” at hand lay in history, politics, and art and literature.1 While true, the early Freudians were deeply committed to gaining an understanding of the hidden motives and deeper meanings of everything human. The world of the consulting room mattered in special ways (it was the laboratory), but the data it yielded lacked broad theoretical significance unless also applied to culture in the broadest sense. Applied psychoanalysis for the early Freudians was not the frosting on the cake it that it became in later years; everything hung on it.
Relations Between Thwarted Belongingness, Perceived Burdensomeness, and History of Suicide Attempts and Readiness for Mental Health Treatment in High-Risk Veterans, Reserves, and Active Duty Service Members

Suicide rates for service members and veterans are growing rapidly in the United States. Despite availability of evidence-based approaches, a large number of high-risk individuals are reluctant to ...
Secure Mobile Software Development with Vulnerability Detectors in Static Code Analysis

The security threats to mobile application are growing explosively. Mobile app flaws and security defects could open doors for hackers to easily attack mobile apps. Secure software development must be addressed earlier in the development lifecycle rather than fixing the security holes after attacking. Early eliminating against possible security vulnerability will help us increase the security of our software, and militate the consequence of damages of data loss caused by potential malicious attacking. However, many software developer professionals lack the necessary security knowledge and skills at the development stage and Secure Mobile Software Development (SMSD) is not yet well represented in current computing curriculum. In this paper we present a static security analysis approach with open source FindSecurityBugs plugin for Android Studio IDE. We categorized the common mobile vulnerability for developers based on OWASP mobile security recommendations and developed detectors to meet the SMSD needs in industry and education.
Coffee Talk: A Jolt for Night Shift Education.

Background Education opportunities for night shift nurses are limited compared with those for their day-shift counterparts. However, patients remain critically ill regardless of shift and require intensive nursing care at all hours. Overnight, this care is often provided with fewer resources. These challenges can lead to disengagement and high turnover on the night shift. Objectives To see whether initiation of an informal education series called "Coffee Talk" could improve accessibility to learning for night shift nurses and elevate perception of support from administrators and overall job satisfaction. Methods The lecture series was created to facilitate education for night shift nurses. The program features various speakers within the interdisciplinary team discussing topics chosen by the nursing staff. The talks are presented in an informal setting during overnight hours. An electronic survey tool was used to determine nurses' opinions regarding Coffee Talk, using a retrospective pretest and posttest format. Questions centered on the type of educational offerings, relevance to practice, perceived leadership support, convenience of attendance, and overall job satisfaction. Results More than half of the nurses (59%) responded. All scores improved from before to after the intervention. The largest increases occurred in convenience of educational offerings and nurses' perception of leaders removing barriers to learning. Overall job satisfaction increased from 83% to 93%. Conclusions The introduction of an informal educational series improved nurses' access to education and nurses' feelings of support from administrators and overall job satisfaction.
A Prospective Evaluation of the Anatomy of the First Dorsal Compartment in Patients Requiring Surgery for De Quervain's Tenosynovitis

Background We prospectively evaluated the surgical anatomy during first dorsal compartment release for De Quervain's tenosynovitis, with special attention to the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN). Additionally, the incidence of tendon instability during surgery was assessed. Methods This prospective cohort study consisted of 130 De Quervain's patients undergoing first dorsal compartment release. The treating surgeons recorded the type of incision used, the number of abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) tendon slips, the number of SBRN branches encountered, additional subcompartments created by any septations, and active/passive tendon stability. Results A singular first dorsal compartment was found in 37% of cases, whereas 55% of patients had two subcompartments and 8% had three. Multiple APL tendon slips (range: 1–4) were identified in 78% of patients. In contrast, a single EPB tendon was found in 92% of patients (range: 0–2). At least one SBRN was encountered in 61% of cases. Following surgery, instability was evident in 9% of patients, who had tendons perch with passive wrist flexion. In one of these patients ( Conclusions The anatomical findings in our relatively large, prospective study of De Quervain's patients undergoing first dorsal compartment release are consistent with previous smaller and/or retrospective studies. Overall, we expect to encounter the SBRN during first dorsal compartment release in more than 50% of patients but are unconcerned if it is not visualized during a careful approach. Tendon instability has an incidence of 9%; however, dislocation is rare (
Development and Field Testing of a Long-Term Care Decision Aid Website for Older Adults: Engaging Patients and Caregivers in User-Centered Design.

Background and objectives Decisions about long-term care and financing can be difficult to comprehend, consider, and communicate. In a previous needs assessment, families in rural areas requested a patient-facing website; however, questions arose about the acceptability of an online tool for older adults. This study engaged older adults and family caregivers in (a) designing and refining an interactive, tailored decision aid website, and (b) field testing its utility, feasibility, and acceptability. Research design and methods Based on formative work, the research team engaged families in designing and iteratively revising paper drafts, then programmed a tailored website. The field test used the ThinkAloud approach and pre-/postquestionnaires to assess participants' knowledge, decisional conflict, usage, and acceptability ratings. Results Forty-five older adults, family members, and stakeholders codesigned and tested the decision aid, yielding four decision-making steps: Get the Facts, What Matters Most, Consider Your Resources, and Make an Action Plan. User-based design and iterative storyboarding enhanced the content, personal decision-making activities, and user-generated resources. Field-testing participants scored 83.3% correct on knowledge items and reported moderate/low decisional conflict. All (100%) were able to use the website, spent an average of 26.3 min, and provided an average 87.5% acceptability rating. Discussion and implications A decision aid website can educate and support older adults and their family members in beginning a long-term care plan. Codesign and in-depth interviews improved usability, and lessons learned may guide the development of other aging decision aid websites.
Words and Hugs: Emotional Support for Latino and Asian Children of Immigrants Compared to their White Counterparts with Native-Born Parentage

Previous research highlights parental psychological and personal resources as determinants of children’s emotional support. Less emphasis is placed on the social forces that may be equally important in shaping children’s emotional sustenance. Consequently, I examine the case of Latino and Asian children of immigrants, leveraging instrumental (advice) and affective (cheering up) emotional domains. Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten Class of 1998–1999 and quantitative methods, I find that Latino children of immigrants are less likely receive advice from their parents compared to white children with native-born parentage and Asian children with immigrant parentage, and I find that Latino and Asian children of immigrants are less likely to report cheering up from their parents compared to their white counterparts with native-born parentage. In addition, I find that, compared to whites in native-born families, Latino children of immigrants are more likely to receive emotional support from relatives (as opposed to parents), and Latino and Asian children of immigrants are more likely to receive emotional support from siblings (as opposed to parents). Although differences in parental resources explain some of these propensities, gaps remain, especially in the case of cheering up. I argue that parental resources and racialized discursive frames that dictate “normal” family functioning, including emotional performance, shape emotional support receipt differences between white children with native-born parentage and Latino and Asian children of immigrants, which can be detrimental for Latino and Asian children and may be implicated in deepening racial/ethnic inequalities.
Finding the Right Textbook

You have been hired for the course and the syllabus is in progress, but it’s missing one of its most essential elements, the textbook. It’s now time to find the best textbook for the course. When it comes to course materials, price is even more of an issue than it ever has been. With the popularity of OERs, students may enroll or even avoid a specific section of a course based on the price of the textbook. There are also more affordable ways to obtain your textbooks now as books come in print format, pdf/e-format, and can now be purchased or rented. This chapter will help you navigate the textbook market. It will examine some of the available textbooks and one OER that is currently available.
Machine Learning-Based PV Reserve Determination Strategy for Frequency Control on the WECC System

Frequency control from photovoltaic (PV) power plants has great potential to address the frequency response challenge of the power system with high penetrations of renewable generation. Using model-based approaches to determine the optimal PV headroom reserve, however, requires significant online computation and is intractable for an interconnection level system. This paper proposes a machine learning based strategy, that is suitable for real-time operation, to determine the optimal PV reserve for frequency control. The proposed machine learning algorithm is trained and tested on 1,987 offline simulations of a 60% renewable penetration Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) system. Furthermore, the proposed reserve determination strategy is applied on a realistic 1-day operation profile of the WECC system and demonstrates a savings of more than 40% PV headroom compared to a conservative approach. It is evident that the proposed strategy can efficiently and effectively determine the optimal PV frequency control reserve for realistic interconnection systems.
Public Archaeology & Climate Change: edited by Tom Dawson, Courtney Nimura, Elias Lopez-Rómero, and Marie-Yvane Daire, Oxbow Books, Oxford, England, 2017, xii + 185 pp., $50.00 (paper), ISBN 978-1785707049.

Public Archaeology & Climate Change is an urgent wake-up call about the significant, accelerating, and widespread threats that climate change poses for archaeological sites and other cultural herit...
A Recommendation System to Predict Missing Adsorption Properties of Nanoporous Materials

Nanoporous materials (NPMs) selectively adsorb and concentrate gases into their pores, and thus could be used to store, capture, and sense many different gases. Modularly synthesized classes of NPMs, such as covalent organic frameworks (COFs), offer a large number of candidate structures for each adsorption task. A complete NPM-property table, containing measurements of the relevant adsorption properties in the candidate NPMs, would enable the matching of NPMs with adsorption tasks. However, in practice the NPM-property matrix is only partially observed (incomplete); (i) many properties of any given NPM have not been measured and (ii) any given property has not been measured for all NPMs.The idea in this work is to leverage the observed (NPM, property) values to impute the missing ones. Similarly, commercial recommendation systems impute missing entries in an incomplete item-customer ratings matrix to recommend items to customers. We demonstrate a COF recommendation system to match COFs with adsorption tasks by training a low rank model of an incomplete COF--adsorption-property matrix. A low rank model, trained on the observed (COF, adsorption property) values, provides (i) predictions of the missing (COF, adsorption property) values and (ii) a "map" of COFs, wherein COFs with similar (dissimilar) adsorption properties congregate (separate). We find the performance of the COF recommendation system varies for different adsorption tasks and diminishes precipitously when the fraction of missing entries exceeds 60%. The concepts in our COF recommendation system can be applied broadly to many different materials and properties.
The Impact of Information Technology on US Commercial Banks: Who Is the Loser?

Abstract Over the last three decades, advances in information technology have improved banks' efficiency of credit scoring/rating. This paper infers the rate at which the technology of credit rating improves and evaluates the effects of this technology improvement on the US commercial banking market with a dynamic, quantitative model. In the model, banks have an economy of scale at utilizing new technology to evaluate borrowers' hard information, but increasing marginal costs of acquiring soft information. The model shows that due to this technology improvement, large banks gain market shares, small banks exit, and risky, small businesses receive fewer loans. It also shows that to encourage lending to small businesses, we should reduce banks' costs of acquiring soft information, but should not subsidize small banks.
Twelve-Year Response of Coast Redwood to Precommercial Thinning Treatments

Six precommercial thinning treatments and two types of control treatments were established in 9- to 11-year-old, even-aged coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens (D Don) Endl.) forests in coastal California to study the impact of thinning on stand and individual tree level volume growth. Species composition was 74% redwood and 23% coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Treatments were replicated across seven stands and monitored for 12 years. Data analysis included both analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare treatment means and mixed-effects modeling to examine broader trends and important variables affecting increment. The ANOVA used target treatment densities as the predictor variable, whereas the mixed models used actual posttreatment densities. Results showed great variation within treatments, largely because high variability in spatial patterns of regeneration resulted in difficulty achieving target initial treatment densities. Ingrowth from sprouting redwood and, to a lesser extent, broadleaved trees and seedlings of other conifers also contributed to large variation in density levels. Results indicate tree increment generally decreased with increasing density and stand increment increased with density. Total stand increment, including both initial trees and ingrowth, was highest at the 4 4-ft spacing and lower in control treatments and thinning treatments that left lower densities. Both analysis procedures provide useful information to guide evaluation of thinning studies and complementary results to guide management regimes.
DdMLCK: Myosin light chain kinase-A (D. discoideum)

Myosin light chain kinase-A (MLCK-A) activates myosin ATPase and contractile activity by phosphorylating the 18 kDa myosin regulatory light chain. In Dictyostelium discoideum (D. discoideum), myosin is required for cytokinesis and for fruiting body formation. Light chain phosphorylation is thought to regulate its activity during these processes. MLCK-A is encoded by the mlkA locus. Disruption of this gene results in impaired ability to undergo cytokinesis. Substitution of the autophosphorylated Thr with Ala (T289A) decreases activity 7-fold in vitro. MLCK-A comprises a compact catalytic domain (1–266) and a short inhibitory domain (267–295). Autophosphorylation of T298 activates the enzyme. MLCKs have been characterized from several higher eukaryotes—SmMLCK, SkMLCK, and Twn. These MLCKs have additional domains not found in MLCK-A. Unlike the other MLCKs, MLCK-A is not directly activated by Ca2+/calmodulin. MLCK-A can be assayed by transfer of radioactivity from [g 32P]ATP to D. discoideum myosin or to the synthetic peptide MASTKRRLNREESSWLCONH2, corresponding to residues 1–17 of myosin regulatory light chain.
On power control in full duplex underlay cognitive radio networks

Both cognitive radio (CR) and full duplex transmissions are effective means to enhance spectrum efficiency and network capacity. In this paper, we investigate the problem of power control in an underlay CR network where the CR nodes are capable of full-duplex (FD) transmissions. The objective is to guarantee the required quality of service (QoS) in the form of a minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) ratio at each CR user and keep the interference to primary users below a prescribed threshold. We design an effective distributed power control scheme that integrates a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and a power constraint mechanism to achieve the above goals. We analyze the stability performance of the proposed scheme and develop a hybrid scheme that can switch between FD and half duplex (HD) modes. The proposed scheme is validated with extensive simulations.
Two Forms of the 30 S Ribosomal Subunit of Escherichia coli

Two forms of the 30 S ribosome subunit were separated by agarose acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The slower migrating form was associated predominantly with native 30 S and run-off 70 S ribosomes, whereas the faster migrating form was associated with polyribosomes. The two forms were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and characterized. The primary difference between the two forms appears to reside in the presence of ribosomal protein S1 in the slower migrating form. The forms are interconvertible by the addition or removal of S1. Addition of messenger RNA influences this conversion. It is proposed that mRNA binds to S1-containing ribosomes, forming a complex at 0° in the absence of initiation factors. The specificity of this complex is suggested by the fact that tRNA and rRNA cannot substitute for mRNA. Furthermore, the partial disruption of the secondary structure of Qβ RNA by mild formaldehyde treatment increases the ability of this RNA to bind the S1-containing ribosomes. The affinity of S1 for the ribosome is weak and can be altered by interaction with specific drugs as well as by variations in salt concentrations. S1 is removed from the ribosome by colicin E3 treatment indicating that S1 binds near the 3′ end of 16 S rRNA within the region of the 50 nucleotides cleaved by colicin E3. The data suggest that within the cell there is probably one S1 protein associated with each 30 S subunit.
Mémoires en partage

Des L’ecologie du reel (1988), Pierre Nepveu est interpelle par la litterature quebecoise produite par des auteurs de diverses origines ; il approfondira cet interet, en particulier pour la litterature juive, dans les essais qui suivront. C’est dans la formulation de son rapport imaginatif a la langue yiddish que l’on peut saisir les contours de cette attirance pour une culture toute montrealaise, qui vibre aux sons et aux images de la rue.
Communicating Who We Are: The Theory of Organizational Culture in the Workplace

The following material comes from a presentation at the American Library Association’s Annual conference held on June 27, 2010 in Washington, DC entitled “Communication at the Crossroads: The Theory and Practice of Connecting Effectively Within and Without the Organization.” It was sponsored by the Library and Leadership Association’s Library Organization and Management Section. My part of this program involved a focused discussion on internal communication and various theories as they might apply to this type of communication in the library workplace.
Greasing the wheels: Pork and public goods contributions in a legislative bargaining experiment

Abstract When a legislature bargains over funds for pork and public goods, and the funds come from a common budget, increased spending on the public good means greater payoff equality since it comes at the expense of pork. This paper explores whether inequity aversion then leads to greater public goods spending. Using both theory and a laboratory experiment we show inequity aversion generally decreases inequity within a coalition by limiting proposer power. However, this does not always mean greater public goods contributions because the types of proposals passed change in equilibrium. In addition, the experiment investigates the theoretical prediction that increasing players’ relative preference for pork can increase public goods contributions. We show that while average public goods contributions remain unchanged, there is evidence at the individual level that subjects hold out for higher public goods contributions as predicted.
Holographic recording of integrated optics using photo-modification of semiconductor materials

Holographic recording of relief-free diffraction gratings and channel waveguides with a large refractive index contrast of 0.8–1.2 is demonstrated, employing photo-modification of GaAs semiconductor material under illumination with low intensity light. The developed technology opens doors to direct optical recording and high-density monolithic integration of integrated optical components based on such compound semiconductor materials as GaAs and InP.
Nitrogen source influences natural abundance 15N of Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli cells were forced to mineralize or assimilate nitrogen in vitro by manipulating substrate carbon and nitrogen availability. When grown on an organic nitrogen source, E. coli cells released NH(4)(+) and were enriched in (15)N relative to the nitrogen source (1.6-3.1 per thousand). However, when cells were grown on an inorganic nitrogen source, the biomass was depleted (6.1-9.1 per thousand) relative to the source. By measuring (15)N enrichment of microorganisms relative to nitrogen pools, ecosystem ecologists may be able to determine if microorganisms are assimilating or mineralizing nitrogen.
Natural convection to power-law fluids from two-dimensional or axisymmetric bodies of arbitrary contour

Abstract Momentum and heat transfer in power-law-fluid flow over arbitrarily shaped two-dimensional or axisymmetric bodies are examined theoretically. The Merk type of series expansion technique is used for the analysis. The solutions to the governing equations are obtained as universal functions which are independent of the geometry of the problem. With the universal functions obtained, the examples for a vertical flat plate, a horizontal cylinder, a sphere and a vertical cone are given and their results are also compared with the existing results in the literature.