cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Gusto Trial: Is the Open-Artery Hypothesis Proven?

THE LONG-AWAITEDRESULTS of the GUSTO (Global Uti­ lization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries) trial were recently pub­ lished. The primary hypothesis of the GUsro trial was that early and sustained patency of the infarct-related artery (IRA) is associated with a better survival rate in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Patients with acute my­ ocardial infarction received a bolus dose of accelerated tis­ sue plasminogen activator (atPA) 15 mg followed by 0.75 mg/kg (up to 50 mg) over 30 minutes and then 0.5 mg (up to 35 mg) over 60 minutes with intravenous heparin. The results of the trial showed that this treatment regimen saved 10 additional lives per 1000 patients compared with strep­ tokinase (SK) or the combination of SK and tPA. However, patients who received atPA had a slightly higher incidence of stroke, resulting in an overall prevention of death or dis­ abling stroke in approximately 9 patients per 1000!,2 Other large, multicenter trials have shown no difference in mortality reduction among the currently available thrombolytic agents." However, controversy has sur­ rounded these studies because some data suggest patency is not sustained with tPA unless full-dose heparin therapy is used.v' The GUSTO trial is the first to compare SK and tPA regimens using intravenous heparin and, subsequently, the first to show a difference in mortality rates between SK and tPA. This difference, however, is attributed to the high­ er early rate of IRA patency achieved with atPA rather than sustained IRA patency due to intravenous heparin. The GUSTO study shows a lower incidence of mortali­ ty with atPA, but raises questions about areas of further in­ vestigation and ultimately how patients who present with acute myocardial infarction should be managed.
Prognostic correlation of increased angiogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia with cytogenetics.

We read with interest the article on the evidence for increased angiogenesis in the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).[1][1] The observation that increased microvessel density in the bone marrow may play a role in the pathogenesis and thus be a target for future
Bremen Electronics (B)

This case is the first of a three-case series (also see the B case [UVA-C-2122] and the C case [UVA-C-2123]). Bremen has two products that are quite similar. One is sold to a large manufacturer of garage doors, the other to several mail-order catalog companies. In this case the controller is asked to estimate profit for several levels of production and sales.
Conflict Appraisals in a Multiethnic Sample of Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

Childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health issue, affecting millions of children each year. IPV-exposed children are at risk for developing behavioral and emotional problems. The Cognitive-Contextual Framework posits that children’s post-conflict appraisals of threat and self-blame mediate these negative outcomes. However, conflict appraisals have primarily been studied in White, school-aged children. This study includes a large, multi-ethnic sample of children ages 5–12 (N = 158) who were interviewed regarding their experiences with family violence. The sample included White, Black, Latino/a, and biracial children. Self-blame was equivalent across groups. However, groups differed in threat appraisals, and Latino/a mothers and children reported discrepancies in the level of IPV-exposure. Directions for research and clinical implications are discussed.
Dietary Intake of Lutein and Diabetic Retinopathy in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC).

ABSTRACTPurpose: We tested the hypothesis that dietary intake of lutein is inversely associated with prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and location within the retina.Methods: We used logistic regression to examine the association between prevalent DR and energy-adjusted lutein intake by quartile (Q) using data collected from 1430 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) participants with diabetes (n = 994 white, n = 508 black). DR was assessed from 45° non-mydriatic retinal photographs of one randomly chosen eye taken at visit 3 (1993–1995). Dietary lutein intake was estimated using a 66-item food frequency questionnaire at visit 1 (1987–1989).Results: Median estimated daily lutein intake was 1370 µg/1000 kcals and prevalence of DR was ~21%. We found a crude association between lutein and DR (odds ratio, OR, 2.11, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.45–3.09 for Q4, high intake, vs. Q1, low intake; p for trend <0.0001), which was attenuated a...
The effects of a once-a-week steroid contraceptive (R2323) on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in women during three months of use.

Forty-four women were prospectively evaluated with a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test while they used a new weekly oral contraceptive drug, R2323. The blood tests were carried out before the drug was administered and again 3months after its use. Both blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were measured. In the 40 women with a "normal" control glucose tolerance test, it was found that only the 1-hour blood glucose value was significantly elevated after 3months of drug use and the plasma insulin values were unchanged. The tests of three of the four women with borderline abnormal to abnormal control test curves converted to normal with 3months of treatment and that of one remained unchanged. The fasting plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were unchanged over the 3months' time. These results suggest that this steroid contraceptive has no effect on lipid metabolism. It also has minimal adverse effects on normal carbohydrate metabolism and may possibly improve abnormal metabolism.
Hands That Speak: An Integrated Approach to Studying Complex Human Communicative Body Movements

Gestures, the visible body movements that are ubiquitous in human behavior, are key elements of natural communication. Understanding them is fundamental to designing computing applications with more natural forms of interaction. Both sign languages and everyday gestures reveal the rich signal capacity of this modality. However, although research is developing at fast pace, we still lack in-depth understanding of the elements that create the underlying symbolic signals. This is partly due to lack of tools for studying communicative movements in context. We introduce a novel approach to address this problem based on unobtrusive depth cameras and developed an infrastructure supporting naturalistic data collection. While we focus on sign language and gestures, the tools we developed are applicable for other types of body based research applications. We report on the quality of data collection, and we show how our approach can lead to novel insights and understanding of communicative movements.
Effects of Ethynyl Substitution on Cyclobutadiene

The effects of ethynyl substitution on cyclobutadiene are explored via density functional theory and coupled-cluster calculations. The computed singlet–triplet gaps indicate a monotonic dependence on the degree of ethynyl substitution, which differentially stabilizes the triplet relative to the singlet ground state and reduces the gap. A series of isodesmic, homodesmotic, and hyperhomodesmotic equations are employed to quantify the stabilization upon ethynyl substitution. Analyses that rely on a simple isodesmic equation and/or B3LYP/6-31G(d) values are found to be problematic. Analyses that rely on homodesmotic or hyperhomodesmotic equations, in conjunction with CCSD/cc-pVDZ values, are more robust. Using a hyperhomodesmotic equation to assess the stabilization enthalpies of tetra-substituted singlet cyclobutadienes, our analysis predicts tetramethylcyclobutadiene (ΔH0rxn = −17.3 kcal/mol) to be more stable than tetraethynylcyclobutadiene (ΔH0rxn = −11.7 kcal/mol), which, in turn, is substantially more s...
Religio Mathematici: Presidential Address Delivered Before the Mathematical Association of America, September 7, 1921

(1921). Religio Mathematici. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 28, No. 10, pp. 339-349.
TOWARD IDENTIFYING EFFECTIVE AGENTS IN USE OF BIOFEEDBACK TO DECELERATE STUTTERING BEHAVIOR

There have been recent reports attesting to the efficacy of EMG feedback in the modification of stuttering (1, 2). The relationship between stuttering and auditory and visual EMG feedback (frontalis muscle) was investigated here with the addition of three unique design facets. The first involved having the subjects raise as well as lower EMG levels while engaging in spontaneous speech The second was the use of pseudo-feedback to control for the effects of the introduction of a novel stjmulus into the situation. The third was the molecular definition of the stuttering being assessed, i.e., part-word repetitlons. The cwo subjects were college graduates who reported at least a 15-yr. history of speech dysfluencies. The apparatus included two portable tape recorders and the BET EMG 401 system, for Subject A, and the Grass 7B EMG system for Subject B. Both subjects were asked to speak spontaneously into a microphone for three 30-min. baserate sessions. During this time the subjects received noncontingent pseudo-feedback and were instructed to not attend to this auditory stimulus. Successful frontalis EMG lwel raising during spontaneous speaking was then faded in. The subjects first mastered EMG raising while reclining with their eyes closed, then with their eyes opened, then while speaking. and then while speaking and sitting upright. For the following three sessions the subjects engaged in spontaneous speech while maintaining the heightened EMG levels. The baserate procedure was repeated for the next two sessions. The fading procedure was then employed in the EMGlowering training sessions, with the task now being to lower the EMG levels. In the final three sessions subjects were told to engage in spontaneous speech while attempting to lower the EMG levels. The frequency of part-word repetitions in both EMG conditions for both subjects decreased. Although the frequency of part-word repetitions was lower during EMGlowering sessions than during EMG-raising sessions for Subject A, the absolute decrement was very similar when compared with the baserate assessments preceding the respective conditions? A blind inter-rater reliability check on the frequency of part-word repetitions based on six randomly selected 60-sec. intervals per 30-min. session yielded a Pearson product-moment correlation of 30. This study demonscrated a need for appropriate control conditions before biofeedback can be justifiably lauded as an effective agent in the modification of stuttering. Although noncontingent pseudsauditory feedback was introduced during the baserate sessions in the present study, the frequency of part-word repetitions might have decreased in the experimental conditions as a function of the subjects being instructed to attend to the auditory stimulus. It is not unreasonable to suggest that such might have been the case in other studies of biofeedback in the modification of stuttering.
Organisation der Kostenträgerrechnung zum Zwecke der Wirtschaftlichkeitsmessung

Kostenrechnerische Erfasbarkeit ist Voraussetzung jeder Kostentragerrechnung; daher sollten die Leistungen nach ihrer kostenrechnerischen Erfasbarkeit strukturiert werden, bevor in Abhangigkeit von der jeweiligen Zielsetzung uber die Abrechnungstiefe entschieden wird. Anhand der Kriterien „Kostenrechnerische Erfasbarkeit“ und „Abrechnungstiefe“ kann dann auch der Genauigkeitsgrad der Kalkulationen und damit der Umfang der Zielrealisierung beurteilt werden.
The Incidence Trend and Forecast on Malaria in Yichang City from 1951 to 2006

OBJECTIVE To inform the measures for disease control and prevention through the analysis on data of Malaria in Yichang from 1951 to 2006. We forecast the incidence trend trough building the proper model by time series analysis. METHODS The descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of Malaria and to understand forecast the incidence rate of 2007 by building proper time series model with SAS 8.2. RESULTS Malaria incidence rates in Yichang were between 0.18～2 629.94 per ten thousand from 1951 to 2006. The fluctuation was great. CONCLUSIONS The incidence trend of Malaria is generally downward in Yichang from 2001 to 2006. However,it should do surveillance to avoid outbreak of the Malaria.
Evaluating the quality of a probabilistic diagnostic system using different inferencing strategies.

Abstract In this paper we describe the evaluation of a probabilistic diagnostic system for patients with renal mass. Three inference models: Multi-membership Bayesian (MB), Minimal Diagnosis (MD) and Bayesian Network (BN), and 72 patients are used to illustrate three interrelated measures of system performance: accuracy, reliability and discriminating power. The inferencing strategies we tested demonstrated the kind of trade-offs in the performance measures that can be expected from imperfect systems. Ultimately, the purpose and expected use of a system should dictate the relative importance ascribed to different aspects of system performance.
Significance of lipid mediators in shock states.

Derivatives of fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid) and phospholipids (e.g., platelet activating factor) appear to be important mediators of a significant extent of the pathophysiology of circulatory shock. These lipid mediators are extremely potent substances having a variety of important biological effects contributing to cellular injury. Moreover, prevention of either the formation of these lipid mediators by synthesis inhibitors or blockade of their action via specific receptor antagonism improves these shock states. Also, using sensitive chemical and immunological detection methods, increased amounts of these lipid mediators have been identified in body fluids during shock states. Finally, several of these lipid mediators are linked to the activation of other lipid and non-lipid mediators of shock in a manner which amplifies the actions of the lipid mediators.
Teen-age endometriosis

Fifteen cases of endometriosis in patients 20 years of age or younger are presented. The varied clinical picture and the coassociation with genital anomalies in these cases are illustrated. The youngest patient was 12 years old, and 4 patients were 15 years of age or less. An anomaly of the genital tract, enhancing retrograde menstruation, was present in 6 patients. Three patients with uterine anomalies were known to have urinary tract anomalies, and 2 were treated for imperforate anus in the newborn period. The coexistence of anomalies of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts as well as the possibility of endometriosis supervening upon a genital anomaly soon after the menarche is emphasized. Whether or not coelomic metaplasia is a primary mechanism in the histogenesis of endometriosis, there appears to be a relevant component of mechanical obstruction involved in some cases. Therefore, in the treatment of endometriosis and possibly for the prevention of this disease, it is rational to eliminate any obstruction to the outflow of menses, whether congenital or acquired.
Semantic Structure in Vocabulary Knowledge Interacts With Lexical and Sentence Processing in Infancy.

Although the size of a child's vocabulary associates with language-processing skills, little is understood regarding how this relation emerges. This investigation asks whether and how the structure of vocabulary knowledge affects language processing in English-learning 24-month-old children (N = 32; 18 F, 14 M). Parental vocabulary report was used to calculate semantic density in several early-acquired semantic categories. Performance on two language-processing tasks (lexical recognition and sentence processing) was compared as a function of semantic density. In both tasks, real-time comprehension was facilitated for higher density items, whereas lower density items experienced more interference. The findings indicate that language-processing skills develop heterogeneously and are influenced by the semantic network surrounding a known word.
Understanding Secondary Structure Hydrogen Bonds of Peptides using Steered Molecular Dynamics Simulations (SMD)

There are four types of structures for proteins. Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. Secondary structures, and the forces that cause them to form, are highly investigated in protein studies. Each of the four types of structures is determined by very different forces. While tertiary structure is dependent on hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, secondary structure is mostly determined by the patterns of hydrogen bonding.Molecular dynamics is a computational form of theoretical chemistry. Physics, mathematical equations, and energetic distributions are all used together to predict the movements and final positions of atoms in a dynamical biochemical system, from initial positions, defined by experimental data. MD can be applied to biochemical systems to simulate a peptide in a specified environment. Not only does MD allow for the visualization of the dynamics of this system over time, but with further analysis; energies, secondary structure, and main interacting forces can be deduced, resulting in a fine understanding of how these proteins like to form in the lowest energy states as well as why they may possibly be doing so.Protein structure is very important in the function of proteins. But while very important, protein structure and the intramolecular forces that cause them are still widely a mystery, with very little experimentation to determine how and why these structures fold and form the way they do. Because of the ability of MD to simulate a rather large system, while still allowing close inspection over moderately long timescales, molecular dynamics lends itself especially well in observing these phenomena from a first hand perspective.
The aging neuromuscular system and motor performance

Age-related changes in the basic functional unit of the neuromuscular system, the motor unit, and its neural inputs have a profound effect on motor function, especially among the expanding number of old (older than ∼60 yr) and very old (older than ∼80 yr) adults. This review presents evidence that age-related changes in motor unit morphology and properties lead to impaired motor performance that includes 1) reduced maximal strength and power, slower contractile velocity, and increased fatigability; and 2) increased variability during and between motor tasks, including decreased force steadiness and increased variability of contraction velocity and torque over repeat contractions. The age-related increase in variability of motor performance with aging appears to involve reduced and more variable synaptic inputs that drive motor neuron activation, fewer and larger motor units, less stable neuromuscular junctions, lower and more variable motor unit action potential discharge rates, and smaller and slower skeletal muscle fibers that coexpress different myosin heavy chain isoforms in the muscle of older adults. Physical activity may modify motor unit properties and function in old men and women, although the effects on variability of motor performance are largely unknown. Many studies are of cross-sectional design, so there is a tremendous opportunity to perform high-impact and longitudinal studies along the continuum of aging that determine 1) the influence and cause of the increased variability with aging on functional performance tasks, and 2) whether lifestyle factors such as physical exercise can minimize this age-related variability in motor performance in the rapidly expanding numbers of very old adults.
Sleep duration predicts behavioral and neural differences in adult speech sound learning.

Abstract Sleep is important for memory consolidation and contributes to the formation of new perceptual categories. This study examined sleep as a source of variability in typical learners’ ability to form new speech sound categories. We trained monolingual English speakers to identify a set of non-native speech sounds at 8PM, and assessed their ability to identify and discriminate between these sounds immediately after training, and at 8AM on the following day. We tracked sleep duration overnight, and found that light sleep duration predicted gains in identification performance, while total sleep duration predicted gains in discrimination ability. Participants obtained an average of less than 6 h of sleep, pointing to the degree of sleep deprivation as a potential factor. Behavioral measures were associated with ERP indexes of neural sensitivity to the learned contrast. These results demonstrate that the relative success in forming new perceptual categories depends on the duration of post-training sleep.
Low Power Adaptive Filters Based on a Combination of Genetic Optimization and Residue Number System Coding

This paper investigates design strategies for achieving reliable performance in low power VLSI adaptive filters that are prone to transient errors due to increasingly smaller feature dimensions and supply voltages of the CMOS circuits. First it is shown that a well known stochastic search algorithm, the genetic algorithm, has an inherent resistance to transient (soft) errors that may occur due to feature scaling. It is then shown how modular hardware can be designed with residue number system (RNS) coding to provide improved resistance to transient (soft) errors in low power realizations of adaptive filters that optimize the filter parameters via the genetic algorithm.
Clinical Outcomes of Off-Label Use of Recombinant Activated Factor VII (rFVIIa) at Teaching Hospitals Affiliated with a Medical School.

BACKGROUND: Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa), NovoSeven ® , is currently licensed in the United States for treatment of bleeding in hemophilia patients with acquired coagulation factor inhibitors. The off-label uses of this medication have expanded dramatically in past few years. Here we report our experience with the off-label use of rFVIIa at University at Buffalo affiliated teaching hospitals which include a level III trauma and major cardiothoracic centers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the clinical, laboratory, and radiographic data of a consecutive series of 43 patients who received off-label rFVIIa between December 2001 and September 2005. RESULTS: The indications for off-label rFVIIa use included CNS bleeding (17 patients), cardiothoracic and vascular surgery (9 patients), trauma (7 patients), GI bleeding (4 patients), coagulopathy (2 patients) and prophylaxis for surgery (4 patients). The dosage ranged from 32 to 150 mcg/kg with most patients receiving 90 mcg/kg. While a majority of patients received a single dose of rFVIIa (29 patients), one received a total of 22 doses. Overall 21 patients (49%) were alive at discharge. Those patients who received rFVIIa to stop severe bleeding from trauma or surgery appeared to have the worst outcome. The patient who received 22 doses of rFVIIa appeared to derive some clinical benefit after his initial doses, but became non-responsive to additional therapies. Successful hemostasis with rFVIIa was achieved in 100% of patients with preoperative prophylactic use. There were no thromboembolic events attributed to rFVIIa treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of off-label use of rFVIIa appears to correlate with clinical indications, with prophylactic use having greatest benefit and surgical hemorrhage, the worst. Our findings were used to revise guidelines to allow for more efficacious use of off-label rFVIIa.
Molten salt solar central receivers for utility electricity: energy storage and dispatchability

Solar power towers offer the only source of utility–scale solar electricity with cost–effective thermal energy storage. This is achieved most effectively using molten nitrate salt as the energy storage and heat transfer medium. Other options exist, e.g., liquid sodium or air with ceramic storage, but are either less developed, less efficient, or more expensive. The 10 MWe Solar Two power tower plant will illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of molten–nitrate–salt technology.
Developing High PV Penetration Cases for Frequency Response Study of U.S. Western Interconnection

Recent large penetrations of solar photovoltaic (PV) generation and the inertial characteristics of inverter-based generation technologies have caught the attention of those in the electric power industry in the United States. This paper presents a systematic approach to develop test cases of high penetrations of PV for the Western Interconnection. First, to examine the accuracy of the base case model, the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) model is validated by using measurement data from synchronized phasor measurement units. Based on the 2022 Light Spring case, we developed four high PV penetration cases for the WECC system that are of interest to the industry: 5% PV+15 % wind, 25% PV+15% wind, 45% PV+15% wind, 65% PV+15% wind). Additionally, a method to project PV is proposed that is based on collected, realistic PV distribution information, including the current and future PV power plant locations and penetrations in the WECC system. Both the utility-scale PV plant and residential rooftop PV are included in this study.
Mediating Asia| Mediating Asia: Information, Democracy, and the State In and Before the Digital Age — Introduction

What are the political, economic, and cultural implications of an increasingly robust and globally penetrating Asia-based media industry? How have Asian states tried to manage the diffuse representations of Asia emerging from informal yet globalized media channels? This collection of articles by Asian media scholars and professional journalists explores the changing relationships between Asian states and Asia-based media institutions and industries as the nature and role of media in Asian society undergoes profound change. With the increasing visibility and power of Indian film, Korean television, and Japanese animation industries, and of Asian broadcasting networks such as Star TV and Al Jazeera, there has been no shortage of scholarly attention devoted to the rise of Asian media. This collection, however, focuses less on the meteoric rise and power of Asian media itself and more on how that rise has been negotiated by Asian states, with a particular focus on China and Indonesia. As digital media technologies become ubiquitous, both formal and informal media platforms push beyond state boundaries, challenging state efforts to control the content of and access to information and entertainment. This challenge is addressed in commentaries by three journalists with extensive Asian experience, and three academics exploring the spatial and historical contexts of an increasingly mediated Asia.
Mössbauer study of Fe1 + xV2−xO4 spinels for the determination of cation distributions and magnetic structure☆

Abstract Mossbauer experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 80–500 K on the spinel series of Fe 1 + x V 2− x O 4 . The determined cation distribution has Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ at both A and B spinel sublattice sites for t whole series except for x = 0. Charge hopping was observed at the B lattice sites. The present cation distribution reasonably predicts several experimentally observed constants such as the lattice constant, the oxygen parameter, the saturation magnetic moment and the Curie constant. The magnetic structure in best agreement with the experimental values shows the AA spins to be antiparallel for Fe, the BB spins to be parallel for identical ions and antiparallel for different ions, and shows a strongly antiparallel AB interaction between trivalent iron ions. Crystal distortions due to the Jahn-Teller effect were observed at 80 K for compositions with 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.75.
Chinese infrastructural investments in the Balkans: political implications of the highway project in Montenegro

ABSTRACTThis article considers the political implications of Chinese investment in Montenegro and the geopolitical background of Chinese involvement in the country. Montenegro initiated construction of the highway connecting its port city of Bar to the border with Serbia. The ‘biggest project in Montenegrin history’ was dismissed by Western financial institutions as unfeasible and almost abandoned due to lack of finance. Finally, the Export-Import Bank of China (CHEXIM) offered generous financial resources while the Montenegrin government conceded strong state guarantees and gave the project to Chinese construction company CRBC. This article demystifies the political context of the project and Chinese involvement in Montenegro, offering a new academic contribution to geopolitics and Sino-Balkan studies. The paper also questions if Chinese loans offer something new to Montenegro and their potential conflict with the European Union, the most powerful stakeholder in the region. I use interviews with experts,...
Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples in awake mice are entrained by respiration

Several recent studies have shown that respiration modulates oscillatory neuronal activity in the neocortex and hippocampus on a cycle-by-cycle basis. It was suggested that this respiratory influence on neuronal activity affects cognitive functions, including memory. Sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) are high-frequency local field potential activity patterns characteristic for the hippocampus and implicated in memory consolidation and recall. Here we show that the timing of SWR events is modulated by the respiratory cycle, with a significantly increased probability of SWRs during the early expiration phase. This influence of respiration on SWR occurrence was eliminated when olfactory bulb activity was inhibited. Our findings represent a possible neuronal mechanism for a direct influence of the respiratory cycle on memory function.
Ultra high frequency sigmoid and cosine artificial higher order neural networks

This paper developed a new open box and nonlinear model of Ultra High Frequency Sigmoid and Cosine Artificial Higher Order Neural Network (UGC-HONN). This paper also developed a new learning algorithm for UGC-HONN and an UGC-HONN Simulator. Test results show that that UGC-HONN models are 2.8546% to 3.4185% better than Polynomial Higher Order Neural Network models, trigonometric Higher Order Neural Network models, and Sigmoid Polynomial Higher Order Neural Network models.
Background subtraction using the factored 3-way restricted Boltzmann machines.

In this paper, we proposed a method for reconstructing the 3D model based on continuous sensory input. The robot can draw on extremely large data from the real world using various sensors. However, the sensory inputs are usually too noisy and high-dimensional data. It is very difficult and time consuming for robot to process using such raw data when the robot tries to construct 3D model. Hence, there needs to be a method that can extract useful information from such sensory inputs. To address this problem our method utilizes the concept of Object Semantic Hierarchy (OSH). Different from the previous work that used this hierarchy framework, we extract the motion information using the Deep Belief Network technique instead of applying classical computer vision approaches. We have trained on two large sets of random dot images (10,000) which are translated and rotated, respectively, and have successfully extracted several bases that explain the translation and rotation motion. Based on this translation and rotation bases, background subtraction have become possible using Object Semantic Hierarchy.
Substance Use, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms Among College Students

ABSTRACTResearch on college substance use and mental illness is limited and inconsistent. Measures of substance use, and anxiety and depressive symptoms, were completed by 1,316 undergraduates with...
Tensor Mixed Effects Model with Applications in Nanomanufacturing Inspection

Raman mapping technique has been used to perform in-line quality inspections of nanomanufacturing processes. In such an application, massive high-dimensional Raman mapping data with mixed effects is generated. In general, fixed effects and random effects in the multi-array Raman data are associated with different quality characteristics such as fabrication consistency, uniformity, defects, et al. The existing tensor decomposition methods cannot separate mixed effects, and existing mixed effects model can only handle matrix data but not high-dimensional multi-array data. In this paper, we propose a tensor mixed effects (TME) model to analyze massive high-dimensional Raman mapping data with complex structure. The proposed TME model can (i) separate fixed effects and random effects in a tensor domain; (ii) explore the correlations along different dimensions; and (iii) realize efficient parameter estimation by a proposed iterative double Flip-Flop algorithm. We also investigate the properties of the TME model, existence and identifiability of parameter estimation. The numerical analysis demonstrates the efficiency and accuracy of the parameter estimation in the TME model. Convergence and asymptotic properties are discussed in the simulation and surrogate data analysis. The case study shows an application of the TME model in quantifying the influence of alignment on carbon nanotubes buckypaper. Moreover, the TME model can be applied to provide potential solutions for a family of tensor data analytics problems with mixed effects.
Model-based iterative reconstruction for neutron laminography

Neutron-based parallel-beam laminography is an important 3D characterization tool because it can image thick specimens with unique shapes and provides a complimentary contrast to X-rays for several elements relevant to the material sciences and biology. However, the inversion of neutron laminography data is complicated because of the non-traditional geometry of the set-up, the presence of noise and the occurrence of gamma hits on the detector during the course of an experiment. In this paper, we present a model-based/regularized-inversion reconstruction algorithm for neutron laminography. We introduce a new forward-model/data fitting term and combine it with a flexible regularizer function to formulate the reconstruction as minimizing a cost-function. We then present a novel optimization algorithm that is based on combining a majorization-minimization technique with a first-order method that is amenable to simple parallelization on multi-core architectures. Using simulated and experimental data, we demonstrate that it is possible to acquire high quality reconstructions compared to the typically used filtered-back projection algorithm and algebraic reconstruction techniques.
A Psychiatric-Pediatric Liaison Program that Assesses Attitudes

Significant increases in the number of hours pediatricians devote to counseling families have been documented in the literature, However, approximately half of young pediatricians in practice believe their residency provided insufficient experience in managing psychosocial and developmental disorders. The Behavioral Pediatrics Program is offered in the first year of pediatric training. Based in the Neonatal Unit (inpatient) and the Continuity Care Clinic (outpatient), it emphasizes interviewing parents to help residents gain confidence in ambiguous situations. Data collected at the end of the WSU/CHM program’s first year indicated that residents’ actual experiences in the Neonatal and Continuity Care modules were strongly associated with their rating. The program had impact on resident views of the importance of interviewing and normal development, but resistance to learning psychosocial perspectives was also clear. A number of changes in the program were made after evaluation.
Das ethische Grunddürfen

Das ideale Durfen wurde unterschieden in die Hauptgruppen des allgemeinen Durfens und des spezifischen Freidurfens. Ihre ethischen Varianten seien als nachstes besprochen. Vorangestellt sei das allgemeine Durfen, welches Sollen und Freidurfen umspannt.
Direct Broadcast Satellites and Asymmetric Routing

Advances in digital satellite communication technologies have allowed the use of broadcast-only satellites to provide Internet services. These systems, while having many unique benefits, bring about a new type of link technology — unidirectional links. Traditionally, most Internet routing protocol designs and their implementations assume that every link is bi-directional. With these broadcast-based satellite systems, the assumption is no longer true. In this chapter, we describe the challenges of dynamic asymmetric routing with unidirectional links, and explain a practical solution that has been adopted by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force).
Abstract WP215: Stroke Knowledge Over Time among Multi-ethnic Stroke Survivors in New York City

Background: Stroke knowledge, which includes awareness of symptoms, risk factors and treatment options, is critical to preventing stroke and improving outcomes. In recent years there have been sign...
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Band-rumped Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma castro)

In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Endangered Band-rumped Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma castro), a globally distributed seabird. The mitogenome is 17,023 bp in l...
The Role of Social Support in Treatment Seeking Among Soldiers

Many military personnel experience mental health problems, but do not seek professional treatment for their symptoms. The present study examined how support for seeking treatment from family members and friends, unit members, and leaders relate to soldiers’ treatment attitudes and decisions. Active-duty soldiers (N = 1725) completed assessments of perceived social support for treatment-seeking, attitudes toward treatment-seeking, mental health symptoms, and treatment-seeking behaviors. Family and friends were rated as most supportive of seeking treatment and support from all sources was related to a more positive attitude toward treatment seeking. For those who were experiencing a current problem (N = 718), support from all sources was indirectly related to treatment-seeking behaviors through overall attitude toward treatment. Of those who had sought treatment, family and friends were rated as most influential to that decision, and an instrumentally supportive behavior was rated as the most influential out of several supportive leader behaviors. These results demonstrate that support may be an important facilitator of treatment; however, the source of support and specific behaviors may be important considerations in optimally supporting soldiers.
Toward A High-Performance Emulation Platformfor Brain-Inspired Intelligent SystemsExploring Dataflow-Based Execution Model and Beyond

Brain-inspired computing is a novel computing technology based on neural morphological engineering, which draws lessons from methods of human brain information processing and storage. Combining with the high-performance computing (HPC) platform, they constitute the foundation of general artificial intelligence. However, current brain HPC platforms generally suffer from slow speed, poor scalability, and high energy consumption, which severely restrain its potential and circumscribe the development of general artificial intelligence. The dataflow model was first proposed in the 1970s, providing a novel idea for the development of HPC. In addition, the dataflow model shares similar information processing mechanisms with human's neural system, which makes dataflow models naturally suit the emulation of brain-inspired computing. Based on the contemporary progress of the dataflow model, the Codelet model was proposed. Through a fine-grained asynchronous program execution and resource allocation, the Codelet model successfully realized the distributed computing on the heterogeneous system, effectively improved the computing power and speed, and open up a new path to overcome the shortcomings of the existing high-performance computing technology. We propose a dataflow-based emulation platform, aiming at providing high-performance computing technology support for general brain-inspired intelligent system, as well as using characteristics of dataflow models to fully explore the potential of brain-inspired intelligence. As an example, we will select a convolutional neural network (LeNet5) that already has a spectacular user base to initially verify the superiority and feasibility of our proposal.
Constitutional Transition and the Travail of Judges: The Courts of South Korea

This book looks at the history of the courts in South Korea from 1945 to the contemporary period. It sets forth the evolution of the judicial process and jurisprudence in the context of the nation's political and constitutional transitions. The focus is on constitutional authoritarianism in the 1970s under President Park Chung Hee, when judges faced a positivist crisis as their capacity to protect individual rights and restrain the government was impaired by the constitutional language. Caught between the contending duties of implementing the law and pursuing justice, the judges adhered to formal legal rationality and preserved the fundamental constitutional order, which eventually proved essential in the nation's democratization in the late 1980s. Addressing both democratic and authoritarian rule of law, this volume prompts fresh debate on judicial restraint and engagement in comparative perspectives.
Nicomedes Santa Cruz: la formación de un intelectual público afroperuano

This article reconstructs the trajectory of Nicomedes Santa Cruz, one of the foremost Afro-Peruvian intellectuals of all times, whose presence in the public scene transcended a purely artistic ambit and extended to the terrain of social and political criticism. Nicomedes Santa Cruz was a public intellectual whose multifaceted work addressed the most pressing themes of his time: he was a critic of racism, imperialism and social inequality; he supported the Cuban Revolution; he committed himself to the reforms of the Juan Velasco Alvarado regime; and he promoted international solidarity. Likewise, he tried to combine a commitment to socialism with a defense of Afro-Peruvian culture and rights.
Introduction: Connecting Behavioral Health, Crime, and Neighborhood Disorder

The impetus for this edited volume began after attending a symposium titled “Falling through the Cracks” that examined the intersection between the mental health and the criminal justice systems.
Community-Based Participatory Research: How Residents of a Small Low-Income Racially Homogenous Disadvantaged Neighborhood Perceive the Effects of Poverty Stigma, Community Disorder, & Feelings of Unsafety on Health

Although research indicates that social determinants impact minority health, there remains a dearth of knowledge on how economically disadvantaged communities perceive the effects of poverty stigmatization, community disorder, and feelings of unsafety on their health status. This qualitative study used community-based participatory research methods to explore how minority residents (n=23) from an urban neighborhood of concentrated poverty perceived the impact of residential and environmental factors on their health. Thematic analysis highlighted how the combination of high crime rates and community disorder negatively affected residents’ ability to maintain a healthy lifestyle due to increased levels of stress and decreased access to health resources. Additionally, perceptions of stigmatization and feelings of unsafety adversely impacted levels of community connectedness and collective efficacy and prevented efforts to improve their individual and neighborhood health conditions.
A screening method for lowering customer acquisition cost in small commercial building energy efficiency projects

The retrofit of buildings to improve energy efficiency represents a vast opportunity in the construction market with the potential to reduce energy demand, create jobs, and achieve environmental benefits. Multiple challenges need to be overcome to unleash this potential and realize the benefits of investments in building energy retrofit projects. Small-/medium-sized commercial buildings are typically underserved by the energy retrofit industry due to the lack of owners’ ability to manage and finance energy efficiency improvements. In the case of energy-intensive and low-margin types of commercial buildings such as restaurants, the potential for energy savings is high, but the favorable conditions that enable retrofits, such as a pending renovation, propensity of clients to conserve energy, and willingness to take time for a retrofit, are scarce. In this research, the development of small energy efficiency projects is examined by proposing a screening method to find prospective candidates for financed energy efficiency projects in a targeted region. This method enables the co-creators of energy retrofit projects to predict the decision-making behavior of business owners and their willingness to invest in energy retrofit based on their restaurants’ attributes in social media. As part of a current initiative, supported by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, a series of design, development, and delivery of retrofit projects in the context of food services was closely studied. The initial focus was on the Philadelphia region as a model for broader statewide applications. Restaurant owners were surveyed, and information was collected about their buildings’ energy systems, utility bills, and their willingness and/or capacity to invest in energy efficiency upgrades. A “Philadelphia restaurants” dataset was then scraped from the Yelp website. The data includes information about restaurant ratings, number of reviewers, price range, working hours, and ambiance. A methodology was developed to analyze the data and to find patterns and criteria that could possibly influence the owner’s decision for investing in energy performance improvement. To identify patterns, two methods were employed: (1) several focus groups over program period with team members who played roles in project development phase and (2) statistical analysis to identify the factors contributing to successful projects. Using these screening questions from focus groups and the results from statistical analysis, the retrofit likelihood can be estimated for each individual project. This methodology can be applied to larger datasets and would enable the investigators to screen the whole market and prioritize the targets for business recruitment.
Complete genome direct RNA sequencing of influenza A virus

For the first time, a complete genome of an RNA virus has been sequenced in its original form. Previously, RNA was sequenced by the chemical degradation of radiolabelled RNA, a difficult method that produced only short sequences. Instead, RNA has usually been sequenced indirectly by copying it into cDNA, which is often amplified to dsDNA by PCR and subsequently analyzed using a variety of DNA sequencing methods. We designed an adapter to short highly conserved termi of the influenza virus genome to target the (-) sense RNA into a protein nanopore on the Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing platform. Utilizing this method and total RNA extracted from the allantoic fluid of infected chicken eggs, we demonstrate successful sequencing of the complete influenza virus genome with 100% nucleotide coverage, 99% consensus identity, and 99% of reads mapped to influenza. By utilizing the same methodology we can redesign the adapter in order to expand the targets to include viral mRNA and (+) sense cRNA, which are essential to the viral life cycle. This has the potential to identify and quantify splice variants and base modifications, which are not practically measurable with current methods.