cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Temperature dependent carrier lifetime measurements of InAs/InAsSb T2SLs

Temperature dependent measurements of carrier recombination rates using a time-resolved pump-probe technique are reported for mid-wave infrared InAs/InAsSb type-2 superlattices (T2SLs). By engineering the layer widths and alloy compositions a 16 K band-gap of ~235 ± 10meV was achieved for four doped and five undoped T2SLs. Carrier lifetimes were determined by fitting lifetime models of Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH), radiative, and Auger recombination processes simultaneously to the temperature and excess carrier density dependent data. The contribution of each recombination process at a given temperature is identified and the total lifetime is determined over a range of excess carrier densities. The minority carrier and Auger lifetimes were observed to increase with increasing antimony content and decreasing layer thickness for the undoped T2SLs. It is hypothesized that a reduction in SRH recombination centers or a shift in the SRH defect energy relative to the T2SL band edges is the cause of this increase in the SRH minority carrier lifetime. The lower Auger coefficients are attributed to a reduced number of final Auger states in the SL samples with greater antimony content. An Auger limited minority carrier lifetime is observed for the doped T2SLs, and it is found to be a factor of ten shorter than for undoped T2SLs. The Auger rates for all the InAs/InAsSb T2SLs were significantly larger than those previously reported for InAs/GaSb T2SLs.
Open-Loop Control Methods for Interleaved DCM/CCM Boundary Boost PFC Converters

Open-loop interleaving methods for PFC boost converters operating at the boundary of discontinuous-conduction mode and continuous-conduction mode with a master-slave relationship are analyzed. It is shown that the only method that results in stable operation is the synchronization of the slave converter to the turn-on instant of the master converter, where each converter operates with current-mode control. Effects of mismatched inductances, phase-shift error, switching-frequency limit, and valley switching on the quality of the input current are discussed in detail.
Sequence design for IIR inverse filter pulse compression

An infinite impulse response (IIR) inverse filter structure is presented, and compared with the performance of two finite impulse response (FIR) designs. The IIR design is shown to provide better performance and be able to improve further (e.g., -1.4 dB in sidelobe levels per unit delay increase for the length-13 Barker sequence) by increasing delay. The performance parameters of this IIR inverse filter suggest a design criterion for sequences on which the filter operates; that is related to the roots of the Z transform polynomial of the sequence. The sidelobe-optimal sequence derived according to this criterion is shown to provide sharper sidelobe reduction (-6 dB per unit delay increase for the sidelobe optimal length-13 sequence). >
Mobile tiles for inertial fusion first wall/blanket

A conceptually simple first wall (FW) and blanket design for an inertial fusion system based on utilizing mobile FW tiles is presented. Using these tiles that are periodically removed, annealed, and reinstalled, tritium retention and surface erosion concerns for inertial fusion FW could be mitigated. A conceptual configuration has been developed with consideration for laser beam port accommodation and a simple tile insertion and removal scheme. Tritium self-sufficiency can be achieved with a variety of options. The current preferred design option utilizes liquid Li breeder that serves also as coolant for both the FW tiles and blanket with ferritic steel structural material. Thermal analysis for the carbon fiber composite FW tiles in the HAPL nuclear environment indicates that the maximum temperature will be ∼1300°C.
Two-dimensional equations for electromagnetic waves in multi-layered thin dielectric films

Two-dimensional equations for electromagnetic fields in a multi-layered thin dielectric film are derived from the three-dimensional equations of electrodynamics by expanding the vector potential of the electromagnetic fields into trigonometric series expansions of the film thickness coordinate. The lower order equations are examined. It is shown that they can describe certain long waves in the film. The equations are useful for modeling thin film devices.
Communication dilemmas in the context of cancer: survivors' and partners' strategies for communicating throughout survivorship.

More people are now living longer beyond cancer treatment and are facing the complexities associated with survivorship. Communicating amid a cancer experience, for example, can be difficult for couples, and survivors must face these challenges for extended periods of time. The current study employed a communication perspective to explore couples’ conversations throughout cancer survivorship. In-depth interviews with 35 cancer survivors and 25 partners yielded insight into the specific communicative challenges couples face after completing cancer treatment. The data highlight cancer's lingering uncertainties and are discussed in terms of the dyadic challenges inherent in couples’ communicative efforts.
p21 Expression in Colon Cancer and Modifying Effects of Patient Age and Body Mass Index on Prognosis

p21 (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-1A, CDKN1A or CIP1) plays a role in regulating cell cycle, and its expression is lost in most colorectal cancers. p21 Is related with energy balance status, cellular senescence, and stem cell aging. Thus, the influence of p21 loss on tumor behavior and clinical outcome may be modified by patient age and body mass index (BMI). Using 647 colon cancers in two independent prospective cohorts, p21 loss was observed in 509 (79%) tumors by immunohistochemistry. Cox proportional hazard models computed hazard ratio (HR) for death, adjusted for potential confounders, including p53, cyclin D1, KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, LINE-1 hypomethylation, CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and microsatellite instability (MSI). p21 Loss was independently associated with low colon cancer-specific mortality [HR, 0.58; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.38-0.89; adjusted for the covariates including MSI, CIMP, and LINE-1 methylation]. The prognostic effect of p21 loss differed significantly by age at diagnosis (P(interaction) or=60 year old. The adverse prognostic effect of obesity was limited to p21-expressing cases (adjusted HR, 5.85; 95% CI, 2.28-15.0; BMI, >or=30 versus or=60 year old, whereas it is associated with shorter survival among patients <60 year old. Patient BMI also differentially influences prognosis according to p21 CDKN1A status. Our data suggest host-tumor interactions influencing tumor aggressiveness.
The Future of Kurdistan in Iraq

The Future of Kurdistan in Iraq . Edited by Brendan O'Leary, John McGarry and Khaled Salih. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005. 384p. $45.00 cloth, $26.50 paper. This edited volume on the Kurdish enclave in northern Iraq is a genuinely honest effort at tackling the difficult issues currently confronting Kurdistan. From the outset, the editors (two of whom worked for the advisory board set up by the Kurdistan Regional Government) acknowledge that this work “is not neutral. It takes the existence of Kurdistan as a political entity as a desirable given”(i), and most of the authors adopt a sympathetic approach to Kurdistan and the Kurds of Iraq.
Use of acoustic emission to diagnose breakdown in accelerator RF structures

Accelerator structures of a wide variety have been damaged by RF breakdowns. Very little is known about the mechanisms that cause the breakdown and the damage although there has been theoretical work. Using an array of ultrasonic acoustic emission sensors we have been able to locate and classify breakdown events more accurately than possible using microwave techniques. Data from the technique has led to improvements in the design of the NLC X-band RF structure. We report results of acoustic emission studies at the DESY TESLA Test Facility and the SLAC NLC Test Accelerator.
Probability Convergence in a Multithreaded Counting Application

The problem of counting specified combinations of a given set of variables arises in many statistical and data mining applications. To solve this problem, we introduce the PDtree data structure, which avoids exponential time and space complexity associated with prior work by allowing user specification of the tree structure. A straightforward parallelization approach using a Cray MTA-2 provides a speedup that is linear in the number of processors, but introduces nondeterminism into probability estimates. We prove a general convergence result that bounds the non-deterministic deviation of probability estimates relative to a sequential implementation. Beyond PDtrees, this convergence result applies to any counting application that takes a multithreaded streaming approach.
Isolation and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci from Amur Honeysuckle, Lonicera maackii (Caprifoliaceae)

Premise of the study: Lonicera maackii (Caprifoliaceae) is one of the most problematic invasive shrubs in forests of the eastern United States. Microsatellite markers could serve to test putative source-sink relationships among populations to determine whether invasions progress along expanding fronts or through long-distance dispersal events followed by local expansion. Methods and Results: Eleven microsatellite loci were developed for Amur honeysuckle using a modified magnetic bead protocol. Six loci were screened across 158 individuals from seven populations and were shown to be variable, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from seven to 16. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.655 to 0.757. Five additional loci were screened using 68 individuals from three different populations, with seven to 12 alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.682 and 0.831. Conclusions: These microsatellite markers will help to elucidate the genetic structure and patterns of dispersal of L. maac...
Model-based prognostics under limited sensing

Prognostics is crucial to providing reliable condition-based maintenance decisions. To obtain accurate predictions of component life, a variety of sensors are often needed. However, it is typically difficult to add enough sensors for reliable prognosis, due to system constraints such as cost and weight. Model-based prognostics helps to offset this problem by exploiting domain knowledge about the system, its components, and how they fail by casting the underlying physical phenomena in a physics-based model that is derived from first principles. We develop a model-based prognostics methodology using particle filters, and investigate the benefits of a model-based approach when sensor sets are diminished. We apply our approach to a detailed physics-based model of a pneumatic valve, and perform comprehensive simulation experiments to demonstrate the robustness of model-based approaches under limited sensing scenarios using prognostics performance metrics. 12
Stimulus predictability mediates a switch in locomotor smooth pursuit performance for Eigenmannia virescens

SUMMARY The weakly electric glass knifefish, Eigenmannia virescens , will swim forward and backward, using propulsion from an anal ribbon fin, in response to motion of a computer-controlled moving refuge. Fish were recorded performing a refuge-tracking behavior for sinusoidal (predictable) and sum-of-sines (pseudo-random) refuge trajectories. For all trials, we observed high coherence between refuge and fish trajectories, suggesting linearity of the tracking dynamics. But superposition failed: we observed categorical differences in tracking between the predictable single-sine stimuli and the unpredictable sum-of-sines stimuli. This nonlinearity suggests a stimulus-mediated adaptation. At all frequencies tested, fish demonstrated reduced tracking error when tracking single-sine trajectories and this was typically accompanied by a reduction in overall movement. Most notably, fish demonstrated reduced phase lag when tracking single-sine trajectories. These data support the hypothesis that fish generate an internal dynamical model of the stimulus motion, hence improving tracking of predictable trajectories (relative to unpredictable ones) despite similar or reduced motor cost. Similar predictive mechanisms based on the dynamics of stimulus movement have been proposed recently, but almost exclusively for nonlocomotor tasks by humans, such as oculomotor target tracking and posture control. These data suggest that such mechanisms might be common across taxa and behaviors.
Precursor Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid and Ribosome Accumulation In Vivo During the Recovery of Salmonella typhimurium from Thermal Injury

When cells of S. typhimurium were heated at 48 C for 30 min in phosphate buffer (pH 6.0), they became sensitive to Levine Eosin Methylene Blue Agar containing 2% NaCl (EMB-NaCl). The inoculation of injured cells into fresh growth medium supported the return of their normal tolerance to EMB-NaCl within 6 hr. The fractionation of ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) from unheated and heat-injured cells by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that after injury the 16S RNA species was totally degraded and the 23S RNA was partially degraded. Sucrose gradient analysis demonstrated that after injury the 30S ribosomal subunit was totally destroyed and the sedimentation coefficient of the 50S particle was decreased to 47S. During the recovery of cells from thermal injury, four species of rRNA accumulated which were demonstrated to have the following sedimentation coefficients: 16, 17, 23, and 24S. Under identical recovery conditions, 22, 26, and 28S precursors of the 30S ribosomal subunit and 31 and 48S precursors of the 50S ribosomal subunit accumulated along with both the 30 and 50S mature particles. The addition of chloramphenicol to the recovery medium inhibited both the maturation of 17S RNA and the production of mature 30S ribosomal subunits, but permitted the accumulation of a single 22S precursor particle. Chloramphenicol did not affect either the maturation of 24S RNA or the mechanism of formation of 50S ribosomal subunits during recovery. Very little old ribosomal protein was associated with the new rRNA synthesized during recovery. New ribosomal proteins were synthesized during recovery and they were found associated with the new rRNA in ribosomal particles. The rate-limiting step in the recovery of S. typhimurium from thermal injury was in the maturation of the newly synthesized rRNA.
An in vitro model for assessing muscle irritation due to parenteral antibiotics

Abstract A rat skeletal muscle cell line (L6) was evaluated for its potential to discriminate the muscle-irritating liability of several parenteral antibiotics. The cells were exposed to clinical as well as diluted concentrations of tetracycline, cefoxitin, cephalothin, carbenicillin, erythromycin, ceforanide, cefazolin, and cephaloridine for 1 hr. Control cells were similarly exposed to culture media for 1 hr. The cells were subsequently assayed for their content of the muscle-associated enzyme creatine kinase (CK). Depletion of CK relative to control cultures was utilized as the index of cellular damage. The results of these analyses revealed the following ranking of antibiotic toxicity to L6 muscle cells: tetracycline, erythromycin, cefoxitin > cephalothin, carbenicillin > ceforanide, cefazolin > cephaloridine. The relative order of toxicity of these antibiotics to L6 cells is in good agreement with their reported muscle-irritating liability in man. The correlation between the results obtained in vitro and the irritancy data in vivo suggests that this model may be a useful adjunct to in vivo testing of parenteral antibiotics for muscle-irritation liability.
Tight upper bounds on the minimum precision required of the divisor and the partial remainder in high-radix division

Digit-recurrence binary dividers are sped up via two complementary methods: keeping the partial remainder in redundant form and selecting the quotient digits in a radix higher than 2. Use of a redundant partial remainder replaces the standard addition in each cycle by a carry-free addition, thus making the cycles shorter. Deriving the quotient in high radix reduces the number of cycles (by a factor of about h for radix 2/sup h/). To make the redundant partial remainder scheme work, quotient digits must be chosen from a redundant set, such as [-2, 2] in radix 4. The redundancy provides some tolerance to imprecision so that the quotient digits can be selected based on examining truncated versions of the partial remainder and divisor. No closed form formula for the required precision in the partial remainder and divisor, as a function of the quotient digit set and the range of the partial remainder, is known. We establish tight upper bounds on the required precision for the partial remainder and divisor. The bounds are tight in the sense that each is only one bit over a well-known simple lower bound. We also discuss the implications of these bounds for the quotient digit selection process.
Quality of Flooded Rice and Fallow Fields as Foraging Habitat for Little Blue Herons and Great Egrets in the Everglades Agricultural Area, USA

Abstract. Wading birds have been observed foraging in agricultural wetlands worldwide where natural wetlands have become lost, degraded, or seasonally dry, yet the ability of wading birds to satisfy daily energy requirements in agricultural wetlands has been little studied. The ability to meet daily energy requirements for Little Blue Herons (Egretta caerulea) and Great Egrets (Ardea alba) foraging in flooded rice and fallow fields of the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) was evaluated during April-June 2008 and 2009. Focal samples were used to measure capture rates (captures/min), identify prey and estimate captured prey size, and calculate energy budgets for both species. Within flooded fields prey density was measured and foraging sites and random locations were compared. Habitat variables did not differ between foraging sites and random locations. Vegetation cover and prey abundance increased in rice fields over time and were greater in rice than fallow fields. Small prey, dominated by fish, were cap...
How to Demonstrate the Efficacy of a New Drug for the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure

Several approaches are possible in the design of a research plan for the purpose of gaining approval for a new agent for the treatment of chronic heart failure. Any successful research plan, however, must show (with a reasonable degree of confidence) that the new agent is effective and safe for the treatment of this condition
DETOXICATION OF DIMETILAN IN COCKROACHES AND HOUSE FLIES.

Dimetilan-C14 (2-dimethylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate-carbonyl-C14) is rapidly metabolized in Blattella germanica (L.) to yield 9 C14-labeled metabolites. Six of these metabolites are formed also in Periplaneta americana (L.) and 4 in Musca domestica L. Metabolites tentatively identified include 2-dimethylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolyl N -hydroxymethyl, N -methylcarbamate and 2-methylcarbamoyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolyl dimethylcarbamate. Three other metabolites are unidentified N -hydroxymethyl derivatives. None of these metabolites was more toxic to house flies than dimetilan, but 1 formaldehyde-yielding metabolite was almost as toxic as the parent material. Many metabolites were synergized in their toxicity by sesamex as was the case also with dimetilan and certain of its analogs. Af-methyl hydroxylation appears to be a major factor in the detoxication of dimetilan in insects.
The Influence of Time of Day, Bovine Manure Type, and Distance from a Barn on the Recovery of Fuce Fly and House Fly Pupae

A factorial experiment utilizing bovine manure type, time of day, and distance from a barn as the independent variables, showed that the number of house fly and face fly pupae recovered from exposed samples varied in response to their preferred habitat. Analysis of variance showed distance from a barn and manure type to be significant factors influencing house fly pupal recovery while showing all 3 factors to be significant in influencing face fly pupal recovery. Curvilinear regression curves showed the greatest recovery of face fly pupae to be from grass manure and an equal mixture of grass and grain manure exposed at 100, 200, and 300 m from the barn between 9:00 a.m. and noon. House fly pupae were recovered almost exclusively from grain manure samples exposed at 0 m from the bam. Approximately equal quantities of house fly pupae were recovered from the samples exposed at 9:00 a.m., noon, and 3:00 p.m.
Beyond Machiavelli: Policy Analysis Comes of Age

(2000). Beyond Machiavelli: Policy Analysis Comes of Age. Administrative Theory & Praxis: Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 800-804.
The Therapeutic Aspects of Marihuana: Computer Analyses of Electroencephalographic Data from Human Users of Cannabis Sativa

This report summarizes computer analyses of brain wave (EEG) data derived from 18 subjects who participated in a 94-day study conducted at the Neuropsychiatric Institute, UCLA. These subjects were smokers of Cannabis sativa by their own accounts. They continued to inhale this compound during their hospital stay. Comparisons were made between this experimental group and a comparison group, age- and sex-matched (male). The comparison group attested to non-use of the compound or, in a few instances, of use not more recent than two years previously. Comparisons were also obtained within the experimental group. The between group study was performed before the hospitalized subjects began their use of cannabis provided by the investigators. The within group studies were done during the hospital stay. These within studies were undertaken during a no-intoxication period and also before and after using one marihuana cigarette. The cigarettes consisted of a 2.2% concentration of delta-9-THC in 900 mgm of cannabis. During the course of the 94-day study, the 18 subjects smoked each an average of 4.79 ± 2.43 cigarettes a day. The range extended from a minimum of 1.7 to 10.0 per day.
Abstract 2968: A novel bispecific CD3/CDH19 antibody construct (CDH19 BiTE) directs potent killing of melanoma cellsin vitroandin vivoand is enhanced by blockade of PD-L1

CDH19 is an unconventional type 2 cadherin widely expressed in malignant melanoma with limited expression in normal tissues. RNAseq and immunohistochemical analysis of CDH19 in human samples confirmed its over-expression in >60% of melanoma, whereas normal expression primarily occurred in tissues derived from the neural crest such as nerve fibers and autonomic ganglia. CD3 based bi-specific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) were used to determine if redirected lysis of T-cells against CDH19 would drive anti-tumor efficacy. In vitro, the CDH19 BiTEs were high affinity binders to both human and cyno CDH19, and were able to induce specific T-cell activation and cytotoxicity against a panel of melanoma cell lines. In addition, soluble CDH19 levels were detected in human serum and the effects of BiTE cytotoxicity toward melanoma cells in the presence of soluble CDH19 was investigated. In vivo studies were conducted to confirm the specificity and activity of CDH19 BiTEs in xenograft models of melanoma. The CDH19 BiTE AMG-CDH19X was able to cause tumor growth inhibition in models expressing as few as 250 receptors per cell, and inhibition of tumor growth was enhanced by the addition of a blocking antibody against PD-L1. Immunohistochemical analysis of post-treatment xenograft samples suggested that anti-PD-L1 the persistence of tumor reactive T cells, and provided rationale for combining a BiTE against CDH19 with a PD-1 or PD-L1 blocking antibody in melanoma. In summary, targeting CDH19 presents a promising novel opportunity for BiTEs in the treatment of melanoma, both alone and in combination with current standard of care. Citation Format: Gordon E. Moody, Jodi Moriguchi, Shyun Li, Fei Lee, Brendon Frank, Amy Gilbert, Ryan Case, Khue Dang, Beth Hinkle, Suzanne Coberly, James Rottman, Kim Merriam, Julie Bailis, Pedro J. Beltran. A novel bispecific CD3/CDH19 antibody construct (CDH19 BiTE) directs potent killing of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo and is enhanced by blockade of PD-L1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2968.
The genesis of fabless business model: Institutional entrepreneurs in an adaptive ecosystem

How does an institutionally-contested business model originate, survive, and grow? What roles do institutional entrepreneurs play in the different stages of evolution of the business model? In the past four decades, the fabless model (which allows a semiconductor firm to operate without a fabrication unit) has changed the global semiconductor industry with significant impact in the Asian regions. In this paper, we trace the origin and evolution of the fabless model through a mixed-method approach, utilizing historic milestones, events, and financial data of publicly-traded semiconductor firms. We have applied theories of institutional entrepreneurship and adaptive ecosystem to identify four stages in this history: differentiation, mobilization, legitimization, and symbiosis to conceptualize the fabless model’s co-creation and co-evolution. Our findings indicate that actions of institutional entrepreneurs within specific temporal locations and structures played a crucial role in the fabless business model’s origin and co-evolution.
Gender and Preferences for Job Attributes: A Cross Cultural Comparison

This study examined attitudes toward work and worker compensation among American (n = 201) and Australian (n = 177) business students. Although country-related differences were found, the data did not support the presumption that men and women differ in preferences for job attributes or work-related attitudes that might influence career progression. Expectations for salary were not related to gender or to work experience. In contrast to a self-selection theory of attitude and occupational choice, similarities between men and women were apparent before career entry and not related to prior employment. Observed differences in work attitudes between countries appeared to reflect the greater emphasis placed on achievement through work by Americans.
SERS analysis of selectively captured exosomes using an integrin‐specific peptide ligand

We demonstrate selective capturing of exosomes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis using a thiolated peptide ligand that is bound to the surface of silver nanoparticles via thiol-metallic bond formation. The ligand preferentially binds to α3s1 integrin over-expressed in exosomes secreted from SKOV-3 cancer cells. Several Raman peaks at 894 cm−1, 1,080 cm−1, 1,252 cm−1, 1,340 cm−1, and 1,380 cm−1 specific to SKOV-3 exosomes are detected above the background signals generated from the nanoparticle and the ligand. In comparison, α3s1 integrin negative exosomes secreted from Jurkat cells showed no detectable exosome specific SERS signal, confirming the high specificity of this ligand-based SERS detection approach. This study shows the potential of developing a target-specific SERS detection approach for characterizing exosomes from a heterogeneous mixture in body fluid for early-stage disease diagnostics.
The cost of raising quantifiers

The main proposal of this paper is that quantifier raising (QR) is not subject to QR-specific locality or domain restrictions but that differences observed between overt and covert movement are the result of an increased processing burden associated with multiple steps of covert movement and the lack of a cue for the parser to initiate a search for a covert dependency. One of the main observations is that QR from different types of clausal complements is gradient and speakers’ acceptance of non-local inverse scope tracks syntactic complexity defined over clausal domains. The account develops a preliminary algorithm for calculating processing costs based on the complexity of the structure, which in turn is reflected in the number of steps QR has to undergo in a cyclic movement approach to inverse scope.
Determining a sufficient range of sound levels for single event analysis in quiet sonic boom community surveys

In order to enable quiet supersonic flight overland, NASA is establishing a quiet sonic boom database to present to national and international noise regulators. The database will contain dose-response models to provide evidence of a cause-and-effect relationship between boom sound levels and annoyance. In order to build the dose-response models, NASA is designing surveys for data collection. An important aspect in planning for future community surveys is the range of sound levels necessary for single event analysis. The dose-response models must be characterized at sound levels both above and below a notional threshold. The trade-offs for testing at high sound levels are the increased risk of negative community reaction and misconception of quiet sonic booms. On the other hand, testing only at low sound levels will result in unstable estimates in the dose-response models. To find a compromise between the two, analysis of a pilot community survey from 2011 explores how excluding high level booms will affect the dose-response analysis since both low and high level booms were present in the study. The data analysis will also provide insight into the appropriate range of sound levels for single event analysis in future community surveys.
Strained Bedfellows: An Actor-Partner Analysis of Spousal Attachment Insecurity and Sleep Quality

Background The quality of interpersonal ties-especially closer relationships-appears to be associated with physical health outcomes. Sleep is one pathway through which relationships and health appear to be linked, but this has been inadequately investigated in the context of dyadic attachment. Purpose The present study examined links between relationship-specific attachment anxiety (which can involve preoccupation with one's partner, negative relationship cognitions, and fear of abandonment) and avoidance (e.g., low emotional investment or intimacy) and sleep quality. Methods Attachment, assessed using the Experience in Close Relationship (ECR), was used to predict Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI)-assessed sleep quality in 92 married heterosexual couples via actor-partner interdependence models. Depression was examined as a potential mediator of this association. Results Consistent with hypotheses, actors' anxious attachment predicted diminished quality of their own sleep, whereas actors' avoidant attachment was unrelated to their own sleep quality. Results further suggested that couples in which both spouses were higher in attachment anxiety experience better sleep quality (b = -0.74, SE = 0.28, p = .0082, 95% CI [-1.287, -0.196]). Conversely, couples in which both spouses were higher in attachment avoidance showed poorer sleep quality (b = 0.56, SE = 0.23, p = .0188, 95% CI [0.095, 1.016]). These effects were found to be independent of marital satisfaction and depression. Some evidence was also consistent with mediation of links between attachment and sleep quality via depression. Conclusions Results suggest adult romantic attachment and sleep are associated in complex ways, highlighting the importance of dyadic approaches to the study of relationships, sleep, and health.
A 66-Year-Old Female with Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Presenting with Hypertensive Crises and Type 2 Myocardial Infarction and a Normal Coronary Angiogram

A 66-year-old female presented to the emergency room with an episode of chest pain that lasted for a few minutes before resolving spontaneously. Electrocardiogram showed a left bundle branch block, left ventricular hypertrophy, and T wave inversions in the lateral leads. Initial cardiac troponin level was 0.15 ng/ml, with levels of 4 ng/ml and 9 ng/ml obtained 6 and 12 hours later, respectively. The peak blood pressure recorded was 195/43 mmHg. Echocardiogram with DEFINITY showed a small left ventricular cavity with apical hypertrophy, and coronary angiogram showed no stenotic or occluding lesions in the coronary arteries. The patient was admitted for a type 2 myocardial infarction with hypertensive crises. She was diagnosed with having apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is a variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in which the hypertrophy predominantly involves the apex of the left ventricle resulting in midventricular obstruction, as opposed to the left ventricular outflow tract obstruction seen in HCM. Patients with apical HCM may present with angina, heart failure, myocardial infarction, syncope, or arrhythmias and are typically managed with medications like verapamil and beta-blockers for those who have symptoms and antiarrhythmic agents like amiodarone and procainamide for treatment of atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias. An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is recommended for high-risk HCM patients with a history of previous cardiac arrest or sustained episodes of ventricular tachycardia, syncope, and a family history of sudden death.
An Examination of the Public’s Twitter Usage of Youth Olympic Games and Olympic Games from 2010 to 2016

The purpose of this study is to assess the status of Twitter usage on attracting the public’s attention with regard to the Youth Olympic Games (YOG) as compared to the Olympic Games (OG). Associate...
Risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus colonization in a presurgical orthopedic population.

Background Preoperative colonization with Staphylococcus aureus (SA) increases risk of surgical site infection. Screening for SA followed by skin and nasal decolonization can help to reduce the risk of postoperative infections. Risk factors for colonization are, however, not completely understood. Methods A case-control study using questionnaires and patient demographics specifically designed to observe SA colonization risk factors in a presurgical orthopedic population. A total of 115 subjects with a positive preoperative screen for SA nasal colonization prior to orthopedic surgery completed a questionnaire to assess for SA risk factors: these subjects served as our cases. An additional 476 controls completed similar questionnaires. Data collected included demographic, health, and lifestyle information. Multivariable logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios (OR) for risk of SA colonization. Results Several risk factors were identified. Male sex (OR 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], [1.4-3.8]) and diabetes (OR 3.8 [1.8-7.8]) significantly increased the risk of SA colonization. Older age, visiting public places (OR 0.2 [0.1-0.3]), recent antibiotic use (OR 0.2 [0.1-0.6]), and the presence of facial hair (OR 0.3 [0.1-0.6]) significantly lowered the risk of SA colonization. Conclusions By identifying patients who may be at greater risk of SA colonization, we can better streamline our presurgical techniques to help reduce risk of surgical site infections and improve patient outcomes.
Cumulative Energy Demand for Printing Nanoscale Electronics

Abstract Researchers are exploring processes to print electronics with the promise of economic and environmental benefits. Printing techniques such as inkjet, gravure, flexographic, and transfer printing have been devised, and are undergoing constant development to achieve scaling comparable to that of the semiconductor fabrication industry. Printing, unlike conventional semiconductor fabrication, is primarily a room temperature and pressure-based process, and avoids the high vacuum environment, harsh chemicals and solvents used in top-down fabrication. While it is widely asserted that largescale printing of electronics is environmentally beneficial, there is little concrete data to support this assertion, and closer scrutiny is required to quantify the gains and capture any potential trade-offs involved. Most printing technologies utilize nanoparticle-based inks to print conductive, insulating and semiconducting patterns. Nanoparticles used in such inks are associated with two problems: a) a potential risk when released to the environment during the lifecycle of the product, and b) nanoparticles have a very high embodied energy. While it is difficult to quantify the environmental threat due to a lack of toxicity and risk characterization data, a cumulative energy demand analysis is feasible and has been previously suggested as a predictor of environmental burden. Keeping this in mind, this study compares the energy requirements to construct nanoscale transistors on a one cm2 silicon substrate using an additive, directed assembly-based printing process with the top-down conventional fabrication method. Directed assembly-based printing is capable of printing at the nanoscale, and thus provides a meaningful comparison to the state-of-the-art technology in this case. Preliminary results of this ongoing study show that the embodied energy of conventionally fabricated structures could potentially be an order of magnitude higher than their printed counter-parts. It is also shown that the high-embodied energy of nanomaterials is a small contributor to the overall embodied energy compared to the other processes involved.
Studies on the Synthesis of Tedanolide: Synthesis of the C(5)−C(21) Segment via a Highly Stereoselective Fragment Assembly Aldol Reaction of a Chiral β,γ-Unsaturated Methyl Ketone

A highly diastereoselective synthesis of 3, corresponding to the C(5)−C(21) segment of tedanolide, has been accomplished by a route utilizing the aldol reaction of aldehyde 4 and the β,γ-unsaturated methyl ketone 5.
Using Sencha Touch to Build a Mobile Website

Whereas jQuery Mobile seeks to work on a broad range of mobile devices, Sencha Touch targets specific devices, namely iOS, Android 2.1+, and Blackberry 6 devices. As with all popular mobile frameworks, Sencha Touch contains a JavaScript file, CSS, and HTML5; however, Sencha places a much heavier focus on JavaScript, which allows you to produce some very creative effects. You build your web apps using JavaScript, and it is becoming increasingly clear that web apps are a critical element of future mobile development. Sencha Touch fills the gap between HTML and native app. You can add buttons, use Sencha's broad range of form controls, and control data lists.
Social Navigation Networks

While the current trend in navigation systems and services is model-based, where maps are used to represent real-world navigation environments and navigation decisions are computed algorithmically, the emergence of Web 2.0 technologies (in particular social network systems) are paving the way for a new method of navigation assistance. This new approach is referred to as experience-based where, through social networks, members can share their experiences with POIs, routes, directions, and geofences with other members. The recent development of location-based social networks, where location information is central to the social interaction among members, is facilitating this experience-based navigation assistance approach. Salient differences between model-based and experience-based navigation assistance include: model-based navigation assistance must contain and rely heavily on maps of the navigation environments, whereas maps are optional in experience-base navigation assistance; in model-based navigation assistance, navigation decisions are computed algorithmically, whereas in experience-based navigation assistance recommendations of members are searched to find suitable matches.
TV Ad Events and Digital Search: On the Selection of Outcome Measures

Prior research has shown that TV content affects what people do on the web, particularly in the minutes after a TV ad airs, when online searches for the advertised product spike. To study this, researchers have typically focused on the total volume of search queries that include any and all keywords associated with the brands and products in TV ads. We argue that a granular consideration of search queries would be beneficial for two reasons. First, focusing on relevant keywords reduces measurement error, which can hinder identification of a significant effect from TV ads. Second, by grouping queries into themes based on semantic similarity, marketers can, for example, explore consumer intent in searches, or whether response manifests in queries with objective ‘value’. Our nuanced proposed approach considers query activity more broadly. Leveraging data from Bing and iSpotTV for 12 product campaigns, we first demonstrate that the outcome measure (i.e., response variable) can significantly influence conclusions about whether an ad has influenced search behavior. Second, we present a theme-based difference-in-differences method to determine the associations between TV ads and individual queries and query groups. We do this by first exploring the effects of TV ads on distinct, individual queries, and then aggregating queries into themes reflecting customer intentions, instead of aggregating all queries under a product or brand name umbrella. Our approach has implications for researchers who can improve measurement in search response; for marketers who can evaluate whether and how marketing messages resonate with consumers; and for sponsored search advertisers who can determine which keywords and queries they should bid on in the moments after their TV ads air. In addition, our method can be applied outside of the advertising context to understand how user generated content is impacted by events in general. Finally, we have developed a standalone tool that has been deployed to by Marketers internal to our company to generate reports to assess the success of their TV ad campaigns and has been deployed to our advertising customers by the Bing Ads Sales team to provide business intelligence1.1The dashboards in production can be demonstrated at the conference
Visualization of intracellular calcium transport between cells using high frequency ultrasound and FRET live-cell imaging

The live visualization with fast kinetics of the interaction between cells has been long term challenges because of the lack of efficient stimulation methods. We propose an approach to achieve single cell resolution stimulation and FRET-base calcium live cell imaging to visualize fast kinetics of calcium transport between physically connect neighboring cells. Chemical stimulation stimulates cells within a dish at the same time and is not suitable for the study of cell-cell interaction. We replaced chemical stimulation with ultrasound-based mechanical stimulation approach to provide precise spatiotemporal resolution. To achieve this, we integrated 3D translation stages and epi-fluorescence microscope and a developed 150 MHz high frequency ultrasound with f number of 1 and aperture size of 1 mm. The 150 MHz transducer can focus within 10 micrometers in diameter and directly stimulate cells by disturbing cell plasma membranes without microbubbles. High frequency stimulation was used to introduce calcium ions into cytoplasm of cells. Results demonstrate calcium transport between cells, visualized by FRET calcium biosensor after only one cell was stimulated by the developed high frequency ultrasonic transducer.
Cardio-Oncology and Tumors of the Heart

Abbreviations 5-FU 5-fluoro-uracil ACEi Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor AF Atrial fibrillation ARB Angiotensin receptor blocker ARNI Angiotension receptor neprilysin inhibitor AVB Atrio-ventricular block CAD Coronary artery disease CMP Cardiomyopathy DOAC Direct oral anticoagulant EMB Endomyocardial biopsy ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate FFR/iFR Fractional flow reserve/instantaneous wave-free ratio GDMT Goal directed medical therapy GLS Global longitudinal strain IAS Interatrial septum ICI Immune checkpoint inhibitor IL-6 Interleukin 6 IMRT Intensity-modulated radiation therapy LQTS Long QT syndrome MCRA Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist MTX methotrexate MUGA Multigated acquisition PAD Peripheral arterial disease PR Pulmonic regurgitation PS Pulmonic stenosis RFs Risk factors ROS Reactive oxygen species SCD Sudden cardiac death TKI Tyrosine kinase inhibitor TR Tricuspid regurgitation TS Tricuspid stenosis VEGFi Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor inhibitors VT Ventricular tachycardia VTE Venous thromboembolism XRT Radiation therapy
Umbilical Cord Prolapse

Abstract Umbilical cord prolapse is a true obstetric emergency. The presenting part is elevated to reduce compression of the cord while an emergent cesarean delivery is performed. Obstetric teams who rehearse this emergency will be better prepared to coordinate and expedite delivery in a true emergency.
On Interest-Bearing Central Bank Digital Currency with Heterogeneous Banks

We explore the implications of introducing an interest-bearing central bank digital currency (CBDC) through commercial banks that differ in size. Banks of heterogeneous sizes offer different convenience properties to depositors, which the CBDC adopts. The large bank gives depositors a higher convenience value and hence possesses market power. The interest rate on CBDC puts a lower bound on banks’ deposit interest rates, which is particularly binding on the large bank. While a higher CBDC interest rate enhances monetary policy pass-through by raising deposit interest rates, it reduces the small bank's deposit market share and its lending volume. By contrast, a CBDC that delivers its own convenience value to users levels the playing field by shifting deposits and lending from the large bank to the small one, although it can enhance or reduce the transmission of monetary policy.
Spanish-speaking family members and non-Spanish speakers’ supportive and unsupportive communication for Latina/o/x language brokers:

Past research with Latina/o/x adolescent samples has found that language brokering can be a positive experience, but at times, stressful. Although many factors can contribute to these different bro...
Temperature dependence of Cu(I) oxidation and Cu(II) reduction kinetics in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 on Cu-chabazite zeolites

Abstract The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 over Cu-exchanged chabazite (CHA) zeolites at low temperatures (
Small RNA Oligonucleotide Substrates for Specific Aminoacylations

Transfer RNAs fold into a globular two-domain, L-shaped structure with the amino acid acceptor terminus and anticodon at opposite ends. This chapter reports nine examples of sequence-specific aminoacylation of RNA oligonucleotides based on tRNA acceptor stems with both class I and class II tRNA synthetases. The examples are class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases for Met, He, Gin, and Val and class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases for Ala, His, Asp, Ser, and Gly. In these examples, the aminoacylation activity for RNA oligonucleotide substrates is commonly greater for the class II enzymes. The exception is the class I He tRNA synthetase. This variation in activity may be due to the difference in the way the 3' end of tRNA interacts with the class I enzymes compared with the class II enzymes. The structures of the class I Gln-tRNA synthetase-tRNAGln complex and the class II Asp-tRNA synthetase-tRNAAsP complex indicate that the binding of the 3' end of the tRNA is fundamentally different. For example, interactions between the minor groove of the acceptor stem of tRNAGln and Gln tRNA synthetase disrupt the first base pair of the tRNA and induce a hairpin turn of the 3' terminus toward the inside of the L-shaped tRNA. The relationship between the attached amino acids and the sequences of RNA oligonucleotide substrates constitute an operational RNA code for amino acids.