cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterisation of salicyaldehyde salicyloyl hydrazone oxovanadium (iv) complex and antimicrobial studies

Oxovanadium (IV) complex with Schiff base ligands are interesting because of their nature and biological activities. The purity and composition of the Schiff bases and the metal Salicyaldehyde Salicyloyl hydrazone Oxovanadium (IV) complex are explained by elemental analysis which formed ligand: metal ratio of 1:2 .The synthesized schiff bases and their transition metal complex are evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against four gram negative and two gram positive bacterial stains by the agar well diffusion method. All the complexes have been characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, magnetic moments, spectral studies and molar conductance. On the basis of spectral studies complex of Salicyaldehyde Salicyloyl hydrazone Oxovanadium (IV) have been assigned polymeric octahedral structure.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of hypocalciuria in pre-eclampsia.

Background Small observational studies have demonstrated that pre-eclampsia is associated with hypocalciuria. Objectives To compare urinary calcium excretion in pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and chronic hypertension with that in normotensive pregnancies. Search strategy Online databases were searched through February 2016 using medical subject headings "calcium homeostasis," "calcium excretion," "hypocalciuria," and "pre-eclampsia." Selection criteria Observational studies were included that evaluated calcium excretion with 24-hour urine collection in patients with pre-eclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women. Data collection and analysis Data were extracted from identified studies. The primary outcome was 24-hour urinary calcium excretion. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Main results Twenty-one studies were included. Urinary calcium excretion was lower among women with pre-eclampsia than among those with normotensive pregnancies (WMD -158.43, 95% CI -187.95 to -128.92) or chronic hypertension (WMD -92.92, 95% CI -100.55 to -85.29). Excretion was also reduced in severe versus mild pre-eclampsia (WMD -35.00, 95% CI -58.94 to -11.07) and gestational hypertension versus normotensive pregnancies (WMD -50.95, 95% CI -57.74 to -44.17). Calcium excretion was not significantly lower in chronic hypertension versus normotensive pregnancies (WMD -64.45, 95% CI -135.98 to 7.08). Conclusions Urinary calcium excretion decreases with increasing severity of pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders, but this trend is not observed in chronic hypertension.
Highly Conductive Polypropylene–Graphene Nonwoven Composite via Interface Engineering

Here we report a highly conductive polypropylene–graphene nonwoven composite via direct coating of melt blown polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabrics with graphene oxide (GO) dispersions in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), followed by the chemical reduction of GO with hydroiodic acid (HI). GO as an amphiphilic macromolecule can be dispersed in DMF homogeneously at a concentration of 5 mg/mL, which has much lower surface tension (37.5 mN/m) than that of GO in water (72.9 mN/m, at 5 mg/mL). The hydrophobic PP nonwoven has a surface energy of 30.1 mN/m, close to the surface tension of GO in DMF. Therefore, the PP nonwoven can be easily wetted by the GO/DMF dispersion without any pretreatment. Soaking PP nonwoven in a GO/DMF dispersion leads to uniform coatings of GO on PP-fiber surfaces. After chemical reduction of GO to graphene, the resulting PP/graphene nonwoven composite offers an electrical conductivity of 35.6 S m–1 at graphene loading of 5.2 wt %, the highest among the existing conductive PP systems reported,...
Late-binding SCORM Contents in Dynamic Learning Environments

The dynamics of organizations result in frequently-changed learning objectives and the necessary learning resources. Applications of the SCORM reduce the time spent on re-developing sharable learning resources. However, the time spent on re-assembling different instructional packages to meet dynamic learning needs still incurs significant overhead. A method for binding learning resources into SCORM-conformant instructional contents during delivery time is presented. The application of this method, needs limited changes in existing SCORM-conformant environments, will improve usability of the SCORM in dynamic learning environments.
Mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in urban green spaces: implications for urban wildlife conservation

As urban growth expands and natural environments fragment, it is essential to understand the ecological roles fulfilled by urban green spaces. To evaluate how urban green spaces function as wildlife habitat, we estimated mammal diversity and metacommunity dynamics in city parks, cemeteries, golf courses, and natural areas throughout the greater Chicago, Illinois, USA region. We found similar α-diversity (with the exception of city parks), but remarkably dissimilar communities in different urban green spaces. Additionally, the type of urban green space greatly influenced species colonization and persistence rates. For example, coyotes (Canis latrans) had the highest, but white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) the lowest probability of persistence in golf courses compared to other green space types. Further, most species had a difficult time colonizing city parks even when sites were seemingly available. Our results indicate that urban green spaces contribute different, but collectively important, habitats for maintaining and conserving biodiversity in cities.
JTAG Specialized Equipment

Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) extractions will require a vast number of specialized tools. Jigs, wires, and pogo pins are just some of the commercially available hardware items that can be needed. Examiners must also be resourceful; items such as rubber bands, plastic clamps, hot glue, electrical tape, cardboard, and other specifically modified items will be necessary. Manufacturers also sell Molex parts that are specifically designed for certain model phones. 20-pin adaptors that allow connections to occur between the flasher box and the Test Access Port (TAP) wires are also available. Premade RJ45 style wire connectors are also popular and allow the opposite ends to be soldered directly to the TAP locations or the adaptor boards. 20-pin female ribbon cables can also be used to connect to the TAP locations or to adaptor boards. JTAG Finders and precise soldering units are also used when conducting JTAG exams. Hot glue, rubber bands, and cardboard also have their use.
Periodic Motion of Atoms Near a Charged Wire

We study the classical motion of an atom in the vicinity of an infinite straight wire which carries an oscillating uniform charge. This system has been proposed as a mechanism for trapping cold neutral atoms. The parameters of the problem are the magnitude Q and frequency of oscillation ω of the charge, the mass M and polarizability α of the atom, and the angular momentum L of the atom about the wire. For ω ≠ 0 and 2αMQ2 greater than, but close to, L2, we prove that the atom's radial motion is periodic (with period 2π/ω), and that the atom moves in a helical path around the wire. For 2αMQ2 ≤ L2 we prove that the atom must either collide with the wire or else escape to infinity in the radial direction.
Miocene weathering environments in Western Australia — Inferences from the abundance and 13 C/ 12 C of Fe(CO 3 )OH in CID goethite

Abstract The channel iron deposits (CID) of the Hamersley Province in Western Australia are dominated by pedogenic goethite/hematite-rich ooids and pisoids that were transported to, and deposited in, the meandering channels of Miocene rivers. Information about the Miocene weathering environments that produced the Fe(III) oxides is archived in the mole fraction (X) and δ13C of the Fe(CO3)OH component in solid solution in oolitic CID goethite (α-FeOOH). Values of X and δ13C were measured for 12 oolitic goethite samples from different depths in two cores drilled in CID of the Robe Formation of Mesa J. The weighted-average plateau values of X ranged from 0.0098 to 0.0334, which suggest ambient CO2 concentrations that ranged from ∼50,000 ppm V to perhaps as much as ∼200,000 ppm V at the time of goethite crystallization. In a vadose zone characterized by in situ production of CO2 with steady-state Fickian diffusive transport of the gas, such concentrations would correspond to modeled soil respiration rates (Q) ranging from about 10 to 30 mmol/m2/h. Values for Q of about 10 mmol/m2/h are reported for soils in modern tropical forests with MAP ≥ ∼2000 mm. However, model-derived values of Q that exceed 15 mmol/m2/h are larger than observed in modern systems. This could indicate that some of the CID goethites crystallized in conditions that were phreatic or near phreatic rather than vadose. The δ13C values of the Fe(CO3)OH component in these 12 CID samples ranged from −24.0‰ to −22.3‰, which are among the most negative measured to date. If they reflect steady-state diffusive transport of CO2 in vadose environments, the soil CO2 would have been derived from a source with δ13C values that ranged from ∼−31‰ to −29‰. If, on the other hand, the goethites crystallized in a nearly phreatic environment that was moderately acidic, the inferred δ13C of the ancient CO2 source would have been about −27.6‰ to −25.8‰. In either case, the δ13C values point to in situ oxidation of C3 organic matter as the predominant source of the ambient CO2. The Fe(III) oxides in the CID ooids suggest crystallization in aerobic environments. However, even in aerobic environments, many microbial species can reduce the Fe3+ in oxides to relatively soluble Fe2+ and may have facilitated progressive Fe enrichment during multiple cycles of Fe(III) oxide dissolution and recrystallization. At the same time, microbially mediated oxidation of organic matter could have produced the high concentrations of soil CO2 with the very negative δ13C values recorded in the Fe(CO3)OH component in oolitic goethite. More frequent summer storms in the Miocene, may have been a significant factor in forming and eroding these soil systems and in concentrating large volumes of oolitic Fe(III) oxides in the local river systems to form channel iron deposits. However, published (U-Th)/He ages indicate that the oolitic CID goethites of Mesa J became closed systems after ∼7 Ma, which suggests a change in local climate and/or conditions of burial at about that time in the Miocene.
Development of the Test of Infant Motor Performance

The Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) is a new test for use by physical and occupational therapists in assessing motor function in infants under the age of 4 months. Initial construct validity of the test is demonstrated by a Rasch psychometric analysis of 112 tests on infants from 32 weeks’ postconceptional age to 3.5 months’ post-term-equivalent age and stratified by medical risk. The internal consistency of elicited items on the test was 0.97, and 61% of the variance in ability on the test was predicted by postconceptional age and medical risk (R=0.79; P
At the Ecole Normale

At the “Ecole,” as we used to call it, the students were divided into groups sharing studying quarters. My first concern, even before school started, was to find companionable study-mates. There were five of us: besides myself, Laberenne, Delsarte, Yves Rocard, and Barbotte (who, having placed first in the entrance examination, was our “cacique”). Laberenne, who had been in Grevy’s preparatory class with me, was a tall young man with an open mind; he was a good companion, not at all an egghead. Delsarte came from Rouen, after only one year in the taupe, like me. Rocard, from the Lycee Louis-le-Grand, lost no time in filling his locker with large black notebooks already covered with the tiny but quite legible handwriting in which he recorded his own ideas and calculations on the kinetic theory of gases. None of us four was inclined to docility. The same could not be said of our cacique, who had been in the taupe in Versailles: the son of a military man, he had respect for authority and was little disposed to practical jokes; the administration always thought highly of him. This was not the picture I had been given of him by some of his classmates in Versailles. He ended up feeling rather uncomfortable in our company: we must have seemed dangerously heretical in his eyes.
Deep learning approach for cyberattack detection

With the accelerated growth of internet of things IoT application in recent years, cities have become smarter to optimize resource and improved the quality of life for residents. On the other hand, the IoT face the severe security problem like confidentiality, integrity, privacy, and availability. To prevent the cyberattack irreversible damage, we propose a framework, called DFEL, to detect the internet intrusion in the IoT environment. Through the experimental results, authors present that DFEL not only boosts classifiers' accuracy to predict cyberattack but also significantly reduce the detection time. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates how the DFEL balance the detection performance and speed.
Recognizing the Impact of Marital Discord and Parental Depression on Children: A Family-Centered Approach

This article is written for pediatricians who wish to enhance their sensitivity and response to parental relational issues and to understand how these dyadic issues may impact the pediatric patient. This article has five goals: (1) to examine how stress in the spousal system impacts the children in that system; (2) to discuss ways in which children’s stress may present itself in the pediatricians’ office; (3) to discuss the relationship of depression to marital discord and children’s stress; (4) to describe assessment and intervention strategies; and (5) to consider how to build a reliable and collaborative referral base. It is hoped that, after reading this article, the pediatrician will better understand the importance of assessing parental relationships and adult depression as contributing factors in the growth and development of children, and that he or she and will feel more comfortable addressing these areas in the context of the pediatric office visit.
A spirit in need of rest: Luther's melancholia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and religiosity

Male melancholia, rooted in early childhood experiences of perceived mother-loss, is intrinsically linked to religiosity. The Protestant Reformer Martin Luther suffered from melancholia that was related to, and exacerbated by, a corresponding obsessive-compulsive disorder. This essay makes a case for Luther's melancholia being grounded in both childhood beatings (at least one of which was carried out by his mother) and his subsequent search for an identity. Luther's melancholia also gave rise to life-long struggles with obsessive-compulsive anxieties. His religion, in which he believed he had discovered both an identity and a means for relief from his inner struggles, actually exacerbated his melancholia. He realized as an older man that religion had indeed become his substitute obsession and that a major part of his self had died. An argument for how Luther's melancholia and obsessive-compulsive disorder could have been alleviated is offered.
An improved synthesis of cis,cis-1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane. Synthesis of novel hexadentate ligand derivatives for the preparation of gallium radiopharmaceuticals

Abstract An improved synthesis of cis,cis-1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane in 82% yield involves reaction of the commercially available cis,cis-1,3,5-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid with DPPA to afford the tri(benzylcarbamate) as the Curtius rearrangement product. Deprotection yields the triamine which serves as a platform from which a variety of chelating structures may be assembled. Novel tris(2-methylenepyridyl)triamine and tris(2-methylenethienyl)triamine ligands are prepared to investigate their suitability for use as gallium radiopharmaceuticals.
O02.4 Incidence and duration of pharyngeal and rectal gonorrhea and chlamydia among high-risk men who have sex with men (MSM)

Background The duration of untreated extragenital gonococcal (GC) and chlamydial infection (CT) infection is not well defined. Methods From March 2016 to December 2018, we enrolled 140 MSM in a 12-month cohort study. Men ≥18 years were eligible if they reported receptive anal intercourse and had ≥1 following risks in ≤12 months: 1) diagnosis of GC, CT or syphilis; 2) methamphetamine or poppers use; or 3) >2 sex partners in ≤2 months or >5 in ≤12 months. Enrolled men either tested negative for GC/CT at enrollment, or, tested positive, were treated and waited 2–3 weeks prior to data collection. Each week, men self-collected pharyngeal and rectal specimens and completed an electronic diary. Specimens were tested after study completion (Aptima, Hologic Inc). We defined incident infections as two consecutively positive tests and clearance as >2 consecutively negative tests. We used Kaplan Meier curves to estimate duration of infection censoring subjects for receipt of pathogen-specific antibiotic, positive swab in final week of study, or loss-to-follow-up. Results Forty-eight men were observed for 1,687 weeks and contributed 3,579 tested specimens. Twenty-four (50%) MSM had ≥1 incident GC/CT infection; 13 (27%) had >1 infection. Overall extragenital GC/CT incidence was 129 (95%CI: 94–172) infections per 100 person-years. Pharyngeal GC, and rectal GC and CT incidence were 35 (95%CI: 20–61), 37 (95%CI: 22–64) and 59 (95%CI: 38–91) per 100 person-years, respectively. 46% (6/13) pharyngeal GC, 43% (6/14) rectal GC, 81% (17/21) rectal CT were censored. The estimated median duration of pharyngeal GC, rectal GC and rectal CT were 15 (95%CI 3 – undefined), 12 (95%CI 2 – undefined) and >20 (95% CI 12 – undefined) weeks. Conclusion Among high-risk MSM, incident extragenital GC/CT occur frequently: >1 infection per person per year. Untreated, these infections persist for a median of 3 to 5 months. Disclosure No significant relationships.
Do Private Equity Managers Raise Funds on (Sur)real Returns? Evidence from Deal-Level Data

Recent studies on agency problems in private equity fueled the suspicion that fund managers strategically manipulate performance estimates around fundraising times. While these studies use aggregated portfolio data, this paper offers the first analysis of "window dressing" in private equity based on deal-level performance. In contrast to previous findings of a smoking gun at the fund level, I do not find any evidence of inflated performance at the deal level. Fund performance peaks are driven by a cohort effect whereby late investments are made under pressure before fundraising and have lower returns than those made earlier in the fund’s life.
Predicting Futures Market Movement using Deep Neural Networks

Recently there have been many efforts to study the predictability of financial market trend using various machine learning approaches. In this paper we explore the idea of using deep neural networks to analyze and predict futures market movements. Our approach adopts deep long short term memory (LSTM) as the main model architecture and predicts futures market movement using augmented market trading data. Training and testing of our model is performed in a rolling fashion to ensure the validity and reliability of the prediction. We discuss the design trade-off of several configurations and variations of our model, and evaluate the impact of various parameter choices as well as how model and backtesting perform under different parameter settings. We further design and implement a complete trading platform to evaluate our approach. Backtesting and live paper trading of our model on this platform achieves promising returns. Moreover, a total return of 58.69% is obtained with live paper trading for a twelve-month period when taking into account of slippage and commissions, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Debating Du Bois’s Darkwater: from hymn of hate to pathos and power

The initial 1920 publication of W. E. B. Du Bois’s Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil sold over 15,000 copies. Its initial 1969 reissue, and subsequent reprints, have since garnered even more s...
Military Stressors, Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality, and Adolescent Adjustment

Elements of military life can create challenges for all family members, including military-connected adolescents, and can have detrimental consequences for their adjustment. Although research with samples of military-connected adolescents has examined the influences of military stressors for adolescent adjustment (e.g., depressive symptoms, anxiety), less research has identified possible mechanisms responsible for these effects, particularly the role of specific familial factors. Drawing from social ecological theory and attachment theory, we examined the associations between military stressors (e.g., parental rank, combat deployments, permanent change of station moves) and self-reported adolescent adjustment (e.g., depressive symptoms, self-efficacy) along with examining adolescents’ perceptions of parent-adolescent relationship quality with both the active duty and civilian parent as a linking mechanism. Using a path analysis, data from 265 Army families were examined to identify the direct and indirect associations between military stressors and adolescent adjustment through parent-adolescent relationship quality. Most military stressors were not significantly related to relationship quality of either parent or indicators of adolescent adjustment. However, parent-adolescent relationship quality with each parent (active duty and civilian parent) was uniquely related to adolescents’ adjustment. Discussion is provided regarding how military stressors and familial factors are conceptualized within the context of military families and implications for future research, family therapy, and policies are suggested.
Investigating the Role of Transportation Barriers in Cancer Patients’ Decision Making Regarding the Treatment Process:

Transportation barriers to healthcare access may lead to rescheduled or missed appointments, thereby influencing patients’ treatment outcomes. However, the impact of transportation barriers on stop...
Skewed distribution of hypothyroidism in the coastal communities of Newfoundland, Canada

Several studies published in the recent past have shown that rising levels of thyroid disrupting chemicals (TDCs) in the environment affect thyroid function in humans. These TDCs are the anthropogenic organic compounds that enter the human body mostly by ingestion and may trigger autoimmune thyroiditis, the most common cause of hypothyroidism. The studies also show the presence of high levels of TDCs in marine animals; therefore, consumption of contaminated seafood might trigger hypothyroidism. So far, there is no readily available population-based data, showing the regional distribution of hypothyroidism cases. We collected administrative data from the Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Health Information on hospitalizations with hypothyroidism (from 1998 to 2012) in 41 coastal communities of Newfoundland and found that mean hypothyroidism rates of west and south coasts were significantly higher than in the east coast (1.8 and 1.9 times respectively). A one-way analysis of variance was used to test for regional differences in rates. A significant between-group difference in the rate of hypothyroidism was found (F2,38 = 8.309; p = 0.001). The St. Lawrence River, its estuary and the Gulf of St. Lawrence are heavily polluted with TDCs from industries, their effluents, and urbanization in the Great Lakes Watershed and along the river. Environment Canada has already identified this river along with the Great Lakes Watershed as one of the top TDCs polluted water sources in the country. The west and south coasts are in contact with the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Local marine products are a regular diet of the coastal communities of Newfoundland. Based on these available evidence, we hypothesize the role of TDCs in the rise of hypothyroidism on the western and southern coasts. However, further study will be needed to establish any association between abnormally high rates of hypothyroidism and exposure to TDCs.
Justification for Punishing Crimes against the Elderly: Perceptions of Police Chiefs, Nursing Home Professionals, and Students.

Abstract In the eighties, elder abuse cases became of paramount concern to policy makers and those working in fields serving older adults. Very little research, however, has examined how the justice system handles cases of elder abuse. In this paper, the results of a study assessing how various professionals recommended punishing those who harm elderly persons are presented. A survey asking respondents to justify why cases of elder abuse should be handled the way they believe they are handled was completed by police chiefs, nursing home professionals, and students. Focusing on traditional punishment justifications including general deterrence, specific deterrence, rehabilitation, retribution, incapacitation, and victim satisfaction, results indicate that police chiefs and students hold more punitive attitudes while nursing home professionals show more rehabilitative ideals. Implications suggest that differences in punishment justifications can be overcome in the collaborative response to elder abuse.
Familial biochemical patterns

Abstract One hundred fifteen dental practitioners, 115 wives, and 115 women (wives of other dentists) age-paired to the wives were studied in terms of serum cholesterol levels. The evidence suggests that there is a statistically significant correlation coefficient between serum cholesterol levels only in the married couples. Within the limits of this study, the evidence indicates that this is not the result of natural selection in married couples on the basis of health status. Rather, the parallelisms become significant only with the increasing number of years together.
Computer interpreted fetal electroencephalogram: I. Relative frequency of patterns

Fetal electroencephalography (FEEG) is a clinical research technique for monitoring the electrical activity of the fetal brain during labor. Because of the massive volume of data, it has not previously been practicable to quantify the frequency of occurrence of the various patterns by visual analysis. With the use of a computer program, which has been shown to be consistent with visual interpretations, records for 11 fetuses, known to be neurologically normal at 1 year of age, were analyzed. Adequate FEEG had been recorded 73.6 per cent of the time during which the fetuses were monitored. In 10,511 10 second epochs of adequate FEEG, the Mixed pattern was found to be dominant, with a relative frequency of 41.2 per cent. The relative frequencies of Trace Alternant and High Voltage Slow activity were 32.3 per cent and 21.5 per cent, respectively. Low Voltage Irregular, Voltage Depression, and Isoelectricity occurred infrequently, accounting for approximately 4.6 per cent of the epochs. The relative frequencies of the various patterns were stable from the onset of monitoring of FEEG through neonatal EEG obtained in the delivery room. These data will form the basis for subsequent studies of FEEG changes associated with various endogenous and exogenous factors.
Proletariat Labor or Praxis? Philosophy of Education in a Neo-Liberal Order

At the 2003 Philosophy of Education Society (PES) business meeting in Miami, a majority resolution was passed against the planned U.S. military offensive to remove Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein. A commitment was also made at that meeting to establish an asynchronous electronic forum on the society’s web page to discuss the matter and subsequently poll all PES members on the resolution. If the resolution against the anticipated war received majority support, the declaration against the offensive would be sent to the appropriate U.S. Government officials. The ensuing months witnessed limited on-line discussion about the resolution with the debate more often focused on whether PES should publicly adopt positions on political issues ostensibly unrelated to education.
Insecure context switching: inoculating regular expressions for survivability

For most computer end-users, web browsers and Internet services act as the providers and protectors of their personal information, from bank accounts to personal correspondence. These systems are critical to users' continued lifestyles but often show no evidence of survivability [45], or robustness against present and future attacks. Software defects, considered the largest risk to survivability [45], are quite prevalent in consumer products and Web service software components [12]. Recent widespread security issues [20] [19] serve to emphasize this fact and show a lack investment in survivability engineering practices [22] [23] [50] [53] that may have mitigated the risk. Common software components that comprise industry software, commercial or free, were authored and deployed with functional isolation in mind. Despite original intent, many of these components are migrating in to Internet-connected systems. The context switch from functional isolation to extreme connectivity changes the threat environment of these components dramatically [10] [53]. Most software that has undergone this sort of insecure context switch has received very little security attention. This paper briefly surveys recent examples of these sorts of context switches. In particular, we focus on the survivability and inoculation [31] of regular expression engine implementations in connected environments. Through the course of this research, a number of critical vulnerabilities were uncovered that traverse operating systems and applications including Adobe Flash, Apple Safari, Perl, GnuPG, and ICU.
Extrastriate visual areas integrate form features over space and time to construct representations of stationary and rigidly rotating objects

When an object moves behind a bush, for example, its visible fragments are revealed at different times and locations across the visual field. Nonetheless, a whole moving object is perceived. Unlike traditional modal and amodal completion mechanisms known to support spatial form integration when all parts of a stimulus are simultaneously visible, relatively little is known about the neural substrates of the spatiotemporal form integration STFI processes involved in generating coherent object representations from a succession visible fragments. We used fMRI to identify brain regions involved in two mechanisms supporting the representation of stationary and rigidly rotating objects whose form features are shown in succession: STFI and position updating. STFI allows past and present form cues to be integrated over space and time into a coherent object even when the object is not visible in any given frame. STFI can occur whether or not the object is moving. Position updating allows us to perceive a moving object, whether rigidly rotating or translating, even when its form features are revealed at different times and locations in space. Our results suggest that STFI is mediated by visual regions beyond V1 and V2. Moreover, although widespread cortical activation has been observed for other motion percepts derived solely from form-based analyses [Tse, P. U. Neural correlates of transformational apparent motion. Neuroimage, 31, 766-773, 2006; Krekelberg, B., Vatakis, A., & Kourtzi, Z. Implied motion from form in the human visual cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology, 94, 4373-4386, 2005], increased responses for the position updating that lead to rigidly rotating object representations were only observed in visual areas KO and possibly hMT+, indicating that this is a distinct and highly specialized type of processing.
Effect of the antibacterial serum factor on staphylococcal infections.

Abstract Yotis, W. W. (Loyola University Medical School, Chicago, Ill.). Effect of the antibacterial serum factor on staphylococcal infections. J. Bacteriol. 83:137–143. 1962—Intracerebral injections of mice with 1 to 5 × 106 washed viable cells previously exposed for 1 hr at 4 C to 2 mg/ml of the serum factor resulted in 0 to 30% mortality when three recent isolates of yellow, hemolytic, coagulase-positive strains of Staphylococcus aureus were used. Mice inoculated in the same manner with the above strains, but exposed to an inactive preparation of the serum factor, showed a 60 to 90% mortality. Addition of partially purified coagulase to the serum factor neutralized the protective action of the serum factor. The serum factor was found primarily in the supernatant obtained following 62% (NH4)2SO4 saturation of the water-soluble globulin portion and precipitated by one-half volume of undiluted 95% ethanol. Plate counts, manometric techniques, and animal protection studies were employed to follow purification of the serum factor. If dry weight is taken as the criterion of purification, the active substance showed a 40-fold purification over a previous preparation of this substance.
Factor X deficiency and pregnancy: preconception counselling and therapeutic options.

Summary. Women with factor X deficiency (FXD) who want to become pregnant face uncertain risks to themselves and to an unborn infant from haemorrhagic complications during pregnancy and at parturition. Women with FXD may also experience difficulty achieving pregnancy secondary to haemorrhagic symptoms of the reproductive organs. Case reports describe differences in bleeding phenotypes and pregnancy outcomes that are not easily correlated with prepregnancy bleeding symptoms or factor X levels. The aim of this article is to identify factors for consideration and information to assist the physician in counselling women with FXD who want to become pregnant, and to offer guidelines for management where appropriate. We identified cases of pregnancy among women with FXD and their outcomes from the literature; 15 women with 24 pregnancies were identified and 18 were successful. The women in this small cohort did not have an increased rate of spontaneous abortion, (8.3% vs. 13.5% in the general US population) but did have a 2.5-fold increased risk of preterm labour (37.5% vs. 12.2% in the general US population). The role of prophylaxis to control reproductive haemorrhagic symptoms, including haemorrhagic complications of pregnancy has not yet been defined, but use of prophylaxis may allow more women to be able to attempt pregnancy. Women who had access to a tertiary care centre with a multidisciplinary team including an obstetrician with high-risk obstetric training, a haematologist, a perinatologist, and access to a reference laboratory and blood bank were able in most cases to successfully deliver healthy, term infants.
Hidden Liquidity: Order Exposure Strategies Around Earnings Announcements

: Electronic limit order books are prevalent in financial markets. Most allow ‘hidden orders,’ in which the order's information is neither revealed to the market nor reflected in the National Best Bid and Offer quotes. While they enable traders to conceal information, hidden orders lose time priority to displayed orders, and thus face increased risk of non-execution. We examine hidden order activity around earnings announcements, a time when demand for the opacity of hidden orders is likely high, due to heightened private information acquisition, but demand for immediate trade execution is also likely high due to increased trading activity. We find that hidden order trade volume, the number of hidden orders executed, hidden order trade size, and the full size of hidden orders executed all increase around earnings announcements. This suggests hidden orders provide significant liquidity at a time when quoted liquidity typically falls. We also show that changes in hidden order activity at earnings announcements are related to cross-sectional variation in the firm's pre-announcement information environment, the information conveyed by the earnings announcement, and changes in quoted liquidity.
Radiation chemistry of polymer degradation processes: Molecular weight distribution effects

The molecular weight distributions of poly(methyl methacrylate) irradiated at 15 and 25 MeV with electron beams were investigated. The experimental values for the effect of chain scissions on the dispersivity agreed well with theoretical predictions. (JSR)
Assessing the security benefits of a trusted traveler program in the presence of attempted attacker exploitation and compromise

Current aviation security procedures screen all passengers uniformly. Varying the amount of screening individuals receive based on an assessment of their relative risk has the potential to reduce the security burdens on some travelers, while improving security overall. In this paper we examine the security costs and benefits of a trusted traveler program, in which individuals who have been identified as posting less risk than others are allowed to pass through security with reduced security screening. This allows security resources to be shifted from travelers who have been identified as low risk, to the remaining unknown-risk population. However, fears that terrorists may exploit trusted traveler programs have dissuaded adoption of such programs. Our analysis estimates the security performance of a trusted traveler program in the presence of attacker attempts to compromise it. We found that, although these attempts would reduce the maximum potential security benefits of a program, they would not eliminate those benefits in all circumstances.
Why Are We in Iraq? A Realpolitik Perspective

In 1917, Woodrow Wilson told the United States Senate that "American principles are the principles of mankind and they must prevail." Democracy was a moral template to be imposed on a diverse and heterogeneous world. Its inevitable triumph was the answer to humanity's ills. This was a grand vision, extraordinary in its scope, an inspiration to millions of people around the world, and Wilson succeeded in creating what would become the moral foundation for the nation's foreign policy ever since. Every American president after him has felt his impress, none more so than George W. Bush. In many of the president's recent speeches, one hears Wilson's 90-year-old voice.
Aerobic biodegradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene, aminonitrotoluene isomers, and 2,4-diaminotoluene

Abstract 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) is widely used in industry, including the manufacture of propellants. 2,4-Diaminotoluene (DAT), 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene (2A4NT), and 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene (4A2NT) are among the products that can result from biological treatment of DNT. The objective of this study was to examine the biodegradability of these hazardous compounds. Using an inoculum from a munitions wastewater treatment plant, enrichment cultures were developed that readily consumed DAT, 4A2NT, 2A4NT, and DNT when they were provided as sole organic substrates (84–100 mg l −1 ) or when ethanol (600 mg l −1 ) was added as a cosubstrate. Low effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels suggested that the aromatics were mineralized, rather than simply transformed to other possibly hazardous compounds. The addition of ether (142 mg l −1 ) as a cosubstrate had no significant effect on the biodegradation of DAT and 4A2NT, but did inhibit the consumption of DNT and 2A4NT. The presence of ether in munitions wastewater may therefore present a challenge to effective biological treatment. When DNT was added to enrichment cultures as sole substrate, nitrite was released stoichiometrically. However, when ethanol was also added, nitrite release was only 59% of the maximum, indicating that most of the DNT was reduced prior to ring cleavage. When provided to enrichment cultures as the sole substrates, the observed yield coefficients for the aromatic compounds ranged from 0.10 to 0.28 mg of volatile suspended solids per mg COD.
Structural modelling of regional depth profiles in the Vøring Basin: implications for the structural and stratigraphic development of the Norwegian passive margin

Interpretation of key regional seismic lines across the Voring Basin has identified a number of seismic megasequences that have provided a framework for further basin analysis. These megasequences have been classified as pre-, syn- and post-rift with respect to the late Cretaceous-early Tertiary phase of extension. Forward and reverse structural and stratigraphic modelling of two of these regional lines has been performed in an attempt to test and validate the structural and stratigraphic interpretations of the syn and post-rift megasequences. Reverse thermal subsidence modelling (flexural backstripping) of these lines to the base Tertiary was performed using a laterally varying beta factor across the sections. A number of features on each of the depth profiles are considered to be regional subaerial datums for the backstripped sections. The backstripped templates were then forward modelled using the flexural cantilever model. The forward models calculate a laterally varying beta profile along their length which can be compared to the reverse models, thereby ensuring an internally consistent structural model between both the reverse and forward modelling techniques. The modelling work has highlighted the existence of a significant discrepancy between the extension measured from the forward models (fault heaves) and the extension needed to produce geologically-acceptable backstripped profiles. This observation is of particular importance as it may place a significant constraint on the mode of lithospheric extension that can be used to explain the evolution of the Norwegian continental margin.
Superhelix densities of circular DNA's: a generalized equation for their determination by the bouyant method

Equations for the measurement of the supertwisting of circular DNA's from banding positions in buoyant density gradients containing intercalating dyes have required the use of SV40 DNA isolated from virions as a reference DNA. These equations are modified to allow the use of any closed circular DNA of known superhelix density as a reference DNA.
Prognostic significance of p27 expression in carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx.

Objective: To study the role of p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, as a prognostic indicator in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Study Design: Retrospective review of 35 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx who presented to Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, between 1986 and 1995. Methods: Inclusion criteria were the availability of clinical information, archival pretreatment biopsy material, and a minimum follow-up of 24 months, p27 staining was scored for frequency and intensity of tumor cell expression following immunoperoxidase staining using standard techniques. Samples of squamous epithelium from the uvula of 15 nonsmoking patients without past or present squamous cell carcinoma were used as normal controls. Results: The association of p27 staining and other factors with response to treatment was evaluated by Fisher's Exact Test and with overall and disease-free survival by the Kaplan-Meier method with multivariate Cox regression. Low levels of p27 expression correlated significantly with unfavorable treatment response (P <.0001), shorter overall survival (P =.0001), and shorter disease-free survival (P =.003). Tumor site (alveolus) was also associated with shorter disease-free (though not overall) survival, but the association with p27 was independent of stage and site in multivariate analysis.
Organic Public Sociology in the Pragmatist Perspective: A Multifaceted Approach

This article argues that American pragmatism provides a model for organic public sociology, defined by Michael Burawoy as the sociologist's direct involvement with a group in a collaborative effort to bring about change, which permits and encourages a combined professional research and activist project. I use my project involving medical licensing and disciplinary boards to illustrate how those projects can be successfully combined. I served as a public member, conducted research, and was an advocate for change.
Feminine Transformations: Gender Reassignment Surgical Tourism in Thailand

Every year, hundreds of transgendered people from the United States, Europe, Asia, Canada, and Australia travel to Thailand to undergo cosmetic and gender reassignment surgeries (GRS). Many GRS clinics market themselves almost exclusively to non-Thai trans women (people assigned a male sex at birth who later identify as female). This article draws on ethnographic research with patients visiting Thailand for GRS to explore how trans women patients related their experience of medical care in Thailand to Thai cultural traditions, in particular "traditional" Thai femininity and Theravada Buddhist rituals and beliefs. Foreign patients in Thai hospital settings engage not only with medical practices but also with their perceptions of Thai cultural traditions--which inflect their feminine identifications. I draw on two patients' accounts of creating personal rituals to mark their gender reassignment surgery, placing these accounts within the context of biomedical globalization and debates about the touristic appropriation of non-"Western" cultural practices.
Giant cell fibroblastoma of the penis

Giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF) is an uncommon fibroblastic tumor of childhood. Appearing as superficial, poorly circumscribed masses, they are characterized histologically by a mixture of cellular and angiectoid areas with empty cleft-like spaces, lined by spindle-shaped and multinucleated giant cells. We present a case of an 11-month-old boy with penile GCF treated with local excision. The patient presented with a recurrent penile mass 1 year later and underwent repeat excision. Pathologic examination confirmed recurrent GCF. GCF is a benign, but locally recurrent tumor, as demonstrated by our case. To our knowledge, no cases of penile involvement have been previously reported.
Y chromosome gene expression in the blood of male patients with ischemic stroke compared with male controls.

Abstract Background Sex is suggested to be an important determinant of ischemic stroke risk factors, etiology, and outcome. However, the basis for this remains unclear. The Y chromosome is unique in males. Genes expressed in males on the Y chromosome that are associated with stroke may be important genetic contributors to the unique features of males with ischemic stroke, which would be helpful for explaining sex differences observed between men and women. Objective We compared Y chromosome gene expression in males with ischemic stroke and male controls. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 40 male patients ≤3, 5, and 24 hours after ischemic stroke and from 41 male controls (July 2003–April 2007). RNA was isolated from blood and was processed using Affymetrix Human U133 Plus 2.0 expression arrays (Affymetrix Inc., Santa Clara, California). Y chromosome genes differentially expressed between male patients with stroke and male control subjects were identified using an ANCOVA adjusted for age and batch. A P 1.2 were considered significant. Results Seven genes on the Y chromosome were differentially expressed in males with ischemic stroke compared with controls. Five of these genes ( VAMP7, CSF2RA, SPRY3, DHRSX , and PLCXD1 ) are located on pseudoautosomal regions of the human Y chromosome. The other 2 genes ( EIF1AY and DDX3Y ) are located on the nonrecombining region of the human Y chromosome. The identified genes were associated with immunology, RNA metabolism, vesicle fusion, and angiogenesis. Conclusions Specific genes on the Y chromosome are differentially expressed in blood after ischemic stroke. These genes provide insight into potential molecular contributors to sex differences in ischemic stroke.