cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Challenge of the Use of Glycemic Biomarkers in Diabetes: Reflecting on Hemoglobin A1C, 1,5-Anhydroglucitol, and the Glycated Proteins Fructosamine and Glycated Albumin

Frequent evaluation, as well as precise measurement, of glycemic control is a crucial part of optimal care for patients with diabetes. Glycemic biomarkers are important tools used to determine whether a patient’s metabolic control has been maintained within the target range, but most importantly, theyare used as surrogates to estimate and reduce the risk of chronic diabetes complications. Below, we review clinical instances in which A1C should not be used and reflect on the use of other glycemic biomarkers that can be used in substitution, as well as their individual limitations.
Controlled delivery of bioactive molecules into live cells using the bacterial mechanosensitive channel MscL

Bacterial mechanosensitive channels are some of the largest pores in nature. In particular, MscL, with a pore diameter >25 A, allows passage of large organic ions and small proteins. Functional MscL reconstitution into lipids has been proposed for applications in vesicular-based drug release. Here we show that these channels can be functionally expressed in mammalian cells to afford rapid controlled uptake of membrane-impermeable molecules. We first demonstrate that MscL gating in response to increased membrane tension is preserved in mammalian cell membranes. Molecular delivery is controlled by adopting an established method of MscL charge-induced activation. We then determine pore size limitations using fluorescently labelled model cargoes. Finally, we activate MscL to introduce the cell-impermeable bi-cyclic peptide phalloidin, a specific marker for actin filaments, into cells. We propose that MscL will be a useful tool for gated and controlled delivery of bioactive molecules into cells. The bacterial channel protein MscL opens in response to mechanical forces and could be exploited for vesicular-based drug delivery. Doerneret al. show that functional MscL can be expressed in mammalian cells and facilitate the controlled cellular uptake of relatively large, membrane-impermeable bioactive molecules.
Management of early stage breast cancer in the elderly

Over the next 25 years, the proportion of the population aged 65 years or older will reach 70 million, nearly double that of 2005. The number of people aged 85 years or older will increase fivefold to 20 million. Given the excessive breast-cancer death rate in the elderly population, a systematic approach to treatment is needed. Treatment decision making in the elderly patient is challenging and complicated by coexistent medical problems. Older women may be concerned about body image and should be offered breast-conserving therapy when appropriate. In selected patients, radiation therapy may be withheld if hormonal therapy is prescribed. However, patients who have more aggressive disease and unfavorable prognostic factors should be considered for chemotherapy. Whenever possible, these women should be included in clinical trials.
Research Perspectives on High-Fidelity Modeling, Simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop for Electric Grid Infrastructure Hardening

This panel paper discusses the roles of high- fidelity modeling and simulation in electricity grid infrastructure hardening research initiatives. The concept of hardware- in-the-loop based research for electric power systems is revisited, with particular focus on controller-hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) and power- hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL). Some examples of current and future research activities in CHIL and PHIL relating to electricity grid infrastructure development are described in detail.
Passive transfer of acquired resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection is independent of mononuclear cell granuloma formation.

Abstract This study documents the formation of leukocyte foci in the livers of mice infused with either normal or immune T cells and then challenged intravenously with Listeria monocytogenes. The results show that the transfer of antilisterial resistance occurred before mononuclear cell granuloma formation and was associated instead with the appearance of foci of infiltrating lymphocytes and neutrophils. Numbers of these foci remained low in mice which received immune cells but increased progressively until death in mice which received normal cells. These findings do not support the previous hypothesis that a major component of acquired resistance against Listeria infection involves the rapid generation of mononuclear cell granuloma formation under the control of immune T cells.
Design and Behavior of Enlarged End Flange (EEF) Steel Moment-Frame Connections

The FEMA-350 indicates that the expected location of the plastic hinge for the frame beams with the Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connections is valid only for beams with gravity loads representing a small portion of the total flexural demand. In order to overcome the limitation of the gravity loads, the Enlarged End Flange (EEF) connection is proposed. In EEF connections, side plates are welded to the beam flanges near the beam ends. This paper presents a hand-calculated design example and the suggested connection details of a beam with the EEF connection. A study of the flexural strength and the interstory drift angular rotations of a total of five EEF beam-to-column connections, with beam sizes ranging from W24 × 94 up to W36 × 182, using the nonlinear static finite element approach is also summarized in this paper. The study concludes that the EEF connection is recommended for use in an ordinary moment frame system with wide bay widths.
Genetic Diversity of Plum Curculio (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Among Geographical Populations in the Eastern United States

This study investigated the genetic diversity among plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), populations from 11 different geographic locations by using partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were 863 bp. In total, 23 unique haplotypes were identified from 50 tested samples. Haplotypes G (n = 5), L (n = 12), and T (n = 13) made up 60% of the 50 samples. Two distinct major clades were found in the phylogenetic analyses. Northern and southern clades were strongly supported (100/83 (MP/ML) and 100/62, respectively) by bootstraps. The mid-southern subclade within the southern clade was also moderately supported by bootstraps (73/57, MP/ML). The results of analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) are consistent with phylogenetic analysis. The results suggested that the northern and the southern clades correspond with northern strain and southern strain of plum curculio. The three-group model of AMOVA test may suggest that there is a transitional group existing between northern and southern groups. In this study, the mtCOI sequence was highly informative as a molecular marker in that it could distinguish C. nenuphar from northern and southern geographic locations in the eastern United States.
Mitochondrial import of only one of three nuclear-encoded glutamine tRNAs in Tetrahymena thermophila.

Abstract The mitochondrial genome of Tetrahymena does not appear to encode enough tRNAs to perform mitochondrial protein synthesis. It has therefore been proposed that nuclear-encoded tRNAs are imported into the mitochondria. T.thermophila has three major glutamine tRNAs: tRNA(Gln)(UUG), tRNA(Gln)(UUA) and tRNA(Gln)(CUA). Each of these tRNAs functions in cytosolic translation. However, due to differences between the Tetrahymena nuclear and mitochondrial genetic codes, only tRNA(Gln)(UUG) has the capacity to function in mitochondrial translation as well. Here we show that approximately 10-20% of the cellular complement of tRNA(Gln)(UUG) is present in mitochondrial RNA fractions, compared with 1% or less for the other two glutamine tRNAs. Furthermore, this glutamine tRNA is encoded only by a family of nuclear genes, the sequences of several of which are presented. Finally, when marked versions of tRNA(Gln)(UUG) and tRNA(Gln)(UUA) flanked by identical sequences are expressed in the macronucleus, only the former undergoes mitochondrial import; thus sequences within tRNA(Gln)(UUG) direct import. Because tRNA(Gln)(UUG) is a constituent of mitochondrial RNA fractions and is encoded only by nuclear genes, and because ectopically expressed tRNA(Gln)(UUG) fractionates with mitochondria like its endogenous counterpart, we conclude that it is an imported tRNA in T.thermophila.
Fabrication of an Inductively Coupled Plasma Antenna in LTCC

With the size reduction of satellites, the need for miniaturized propulsion systems is increasing. This has led to research funding for the miniaturization of chemical and electric propulsion by NASA and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). Miniaturized electric propulsion research has been an active area of interest recently. Electric propulsion systems are interesting candidates for miniaturization due to efficiency and the reduction in onboard propellant and the ability to apply existing techniques in electronic fabrication. A miniature electrostatic thruster is being developed in LTCC at Boise State University. The thruster is composed of an antenna to create the plasma, a cylinder to contain the plasma and grids to extract the plasma beam at high velocity. In this work, the development of the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) antenna in LTCC will be presented. This antenna is fabricated using DuPont's 951 Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC). A Direct Write is used to apply silver p...
MODEL DEFORMATION AND ITS EFFECT ON ATTAINABLE ACCURACY

The reviewed model deformation has been analysed and as a conclusion it appears that it is a good approximation if a stereo-model is regarded as a model having different scales in the three direction of model space.The well known orthogonal transformation formulas have been modified to incorporate the different scales. The result is a more complicated transformation equation which may not be a disadvantage if high-speed computing technique is employed.The examined practical examples reveals that the improvement in accuracy of determined ground coordinates using the more complicated traneformation, is about 10-25 percent, compared to the conventional transformation. The final conclusion, therefore, is that use of the proposed transformation may represent some value particularle in numerical cadastre.
Reconstructing longitudinal strain pulses using time-resolved x-ray diffraction

Time-resolved x-ray diffraction is a very powerful tool for visualizing transient one-dimensional crystalline strains, ranging from crystal growth to shockwave production. In this work, we use picosecond x-ray diffraction to visualize transient strain formation from nanometer-scaled laser-excited gold films into crystalline substrates. We show that there is a direct correspondence between the measured time-resolved x-ray diffraction pattern and the transient acoustic wave, providing a straightforward method to make a reconstruction of the transient strain. In addition, we discuss real-world experimental constraints that place limits on the validity of the reconstructed transient acoustic wave.
The Great Problems Seminars: Connecting Students with External Stakeholders in Project-Based Approaches to Sustainable Development Education in the First Year

The Great Problems Seminars program at Worcester Polytechnic Institute is a first year, project-based seminar series that aims to get first year STEM students to tackle real world, open-ended, and complex problems. We do this through an interdisciplinary team teaching approach that often includes local and international stakeholders. Each seminar focuses on one ‘great problem’ such as food, water, or energy. These courses culminate in student driven, team-based projects aimed at identifying and addressing some important aspect of the ‘great problem’. In this process students work with external organizations (sustainable development NGOs, community organizations, businesses, etc.) to gain a real world context along with interaction with people affected by or engaged in solving these critical problems. Sustainable development education is a core part of the curriculum to prepare students to engage with external stakeholders. We have found that students really come to understand, and take ownership of many of the problems that they identify. In this chapter we will highlight ethical, pedagogical and practical challenges of this type of course, present successes, and describe our strategies for cultivating the evolving long-term partnerships with external organizations as they relate to ESD capacity building writ large.
Cox- Stuart trend test for nosocomial infection incidence of Chengdu during 1998-2008

Objective To analyze the nosocomial infection incidence of Chengdu from 1998 to 2008 by Cox-Stuart trend test,provide a reference for the current hospital infection control. Methods Firstly,SPSS 17. 0 software was used to do run test for determining randomness of the data. Then analyze the data sequence of Cox- Stuart trend by using the Mann- Whitney U to analyze statistical differences. Results There is a statistical significance of incidence on Cox- Stuart trend analysis about internal medicine,gynecology and obstetrics( Z:- 5. 66-- 2. 71,P 0. 05). Conclusion The nosocomial infection incidence is descended in Chengdu.
Computer-aided test system for fan performance

The fan performance can be tested and calculated with the computer-aided test system. An alarm can be given when some defined accident happens by the system. And the system can communicate with other computers through the network. A database system is constructed to manage all test data effectively.
Pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus for pheresis operators.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), long thought of as a disease, is beginning to be termed a syndrome. The development of several murine models of the disorder and increasingly sophisticated techniques for assessing immune anatomy, function, and pathology are revealing that many clinical sequelae may result from divergent immunologic derangements. While research progresses on the cause of SLE, therapies progress as well
Malignant Gastric Ulcer in an Acromegalic: A Case Report

Summary The recurrence in an acromegalic of a large malignant gastric ulcer that apparently partially healed on medical treatment and which was successfully removed by a subtotal gastrectomy is reported.
Do cytokines play a role in systemic lupus erythematosus

Excessive production of pathogenic autoantibodies is one of the hallmarks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The mechanisms that underlie this excessive production are still unclear. Although there is considerable evidence to suggest that both T-cells and B-cells play an important role in the aetiology of SLE, convincing abnormalities at the T-cell receptor or immunoglobulin gene loci have not been demonstrated. In this regard, because cytokines play a pivotal role in the inflammatory response, a defect in the immunoregulation of B-cells by cytokines should be considered as a potential contender in disease aetiology. The hypothesis proposed here is that multiple cytokine-mediated defects are present in individuals with lupus and that both cytokine production and the response of B-cells to cytokines may be defective.
The changing incidence of thyroid cancer

During the past few decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased substantially in many countries, including the USA. The rise in incidence seems to be attributable both to the growing use of diagnostic imaging and fine-needle aspiration biopsy, which has led to enhanced detection and diagnosis of subclinical thyroid cancers, and environmental factors. The latest American Thyroid Association (ATA) practice guidelines for the management of adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer differ substantially from the previous ATA guidelines published in 2009. Specifically, the problems of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of a disease that is typically indolent, where treatment-related morbidity might not be justified by a survival benefit, now seem to be acknowledged. As few modifiable risk factors for thyroid cancer have been established, the specific environmental factors that have contributed to the rising incidence of thyroid cancer remain speculative. However, the findings of several large, well-designed epidemiological studies have provided new information about exposures (such as obesity) that might influence the development of thyroid cancer. In this Review, we describe the changing incidence of thyroid cancer, suggest potential explanations for these trends, emphasize the implications for patients and highlight ongoing and potential strategies to combat this growing clinical and public health issue.
An Illumination- and Temperature-Dependent Analytical Model for Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide (CIGS) Solar Cells

In this paper, we present a physics-based analytical model for copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) solar cells that describes the illumination- and temperature-dependent current–voltage ( I–V ) characteristics and accounts for the statistical shunt variation of each cell. The model is derived by solving the drift-diffusion transport equation so that its parameters are physical and, therefore, can be obtained from independent characterization experiments. The model is validated against CIGS I–V characteristics as a function of temperature and illumination intensity. This physics-based model can be integrated into a large-scale simulation framework to optimize the performance of solar modules, as well as predict the long-term output yields of photovoltaic farms under different environmental conditions.
Seeing Through Transparency in Education Reform: Illuminating the "Local"

Utilizing “assemblage,” a notion associated with Actor-Network Theory (ANT), we explore what discourses of transparency can, and cannot, accomplish in a network of education reform that includes schools, government agencies, and community organizations. Drawing on data collected between July 2011 and March 2013 in an ethnographically-informed case study, we interrogate the ways in which notions of transparency illuminate, and also conceal, information, as well as reveal how they reorder power dynamics and relationships, impacting what it legitimized as reform in a city in Western New York. We problematize the linkages between the political conditions in which mandatory transparency and accountability in schooling become connected to voluntary transparency in local education reform, and we examine the investment made by schools and reform organizations in using transparency as a proxy for meeting accountability demands and establishing education expertise. The findings show that discourses and enactments of transparency can be effective in drawing targeted and repeated attention to select things, such as funding inequities. However, such discourses can also be utilized to obscure other issues, such as persistent disparities in academic achievement by race. When used synonymously with accountability, transparency can, and is, incorrectly positioned as an education solution.
Glucocorticoid physiology, pharmacology and stress

Basal levels of glucocorticoids maintained by negative feedback regulation are known to modulate a wide range of physiological processes, through a variety of effects such as those on carbohydrate metabolism and “permissive” actions on effects of other hormones. Glucocorticoid levels increase sharply in response to the stress of any kind of threat to homeostasis. The increased levels have traditionally been ascribed the function of enhancing the organism’s resistance to stress. How known physiological and pharmacological effects of high levels of glucocorticoids might accomplish this function, however, has been a mystery.
Effectively Existentially-Atomic Structures

The notions we study in this paper, those of existentially-atomic structure and effectively existentially-atomic structure, are not really new. The objective of this paper is to single them out, survey their properties from a computability-theoretic viewpoint, and prove a few new results about them. These structures are the simplest ones around, and for that reason alone, it is worth analyzing them. As we will see, they are the simplest ones in terms of how complicated it is to find isomorphisms between different copies and in terms of the complexity of their descriptions. Despite their simplicity, they are very general in the following sense: every structure is existentially atomic if one takes enough jumps, the number of jumps being (essentially) the Scott rank of the structure. That balance between simplicity and generality is what makes them important.
1550 nm large-area plasmonic photoconductive terahertz sources

We demonstrate that large-area plasmonic photoconductive sources fabricated on ErAs:InGaAs can offer record-high pulsed terahertz radiation power levels as high as 300 μW over 0.1–5 THz frequency range at telecommunication optical pump wavelengths.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration pesticide program: incidence/level monitoring of domestic and imported pears and tomatoes.

In 1992-1993, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted a statistically based study of pesticide residues in domestic and imported pears and tomatoes. For pears, 710 domestic and 949 imported samples were collected and analyzed; 79% of the domestic and 72% of the imported samples had detectable residues. Thiabendazole, a fungicide with postharvest uses, was found with greatest frequency in both groups of pears. Four domestic and 12 imported samples contained violative residues, mainly of pesticides for which there are no U.S. tolerances on pears. The statistically weighted (by shipment size) violation rates for domestic and imported pears were 1.0 and 0.9%, respectively. For tomatoes, 1219 domestic and 144 imported samples were collected and analyzed; 84% of the domestic and 91% of the imported samples had detectable residues. Methamidophos, an insecticide, had the greatest frequency of occurrence in both groups of tomatoes. Thirty-three domestic and 5 imported samples were violative, nearly all the result of acephate use, for which there is no U.S. tolerance on tomatoes. The statistically weighted violation rates for domestic and imported tomatoes were 1.9 and 7.0%, respectively. The statistically weighted violation rates calculated for domestic and imported pears and domestic tomatoes in this study were lower than those observed under FDA's regulatory monitoring in recent years. The violation rate for imported tomatoes was somewhat higher under statistical monitoring than under regulatory monitoring. The results of the statistically based study show that, as in regulatory monitoring, the levels of pesticide residues found are generally well below U.S. tolerances.
Basal Ganglia and Oculomotor Control

The basal ganglia control the initiation of saccadic eye movement using a series of GABAergic inhibitory connections to the superior colliculus (SC). The tonic inhibition on the SC by the substantia nigra pars reticulata acts as a gate for saccade generation. This inhibition is removed by another inhibition from the caudate nucleus, allowing saccadic neurons in the SC to fire in response to excitatory inputs from cortical eye fields. The gate is controlled by reward-related motivational information carried by neurons in the basal ganglia. Dopaminergic inputs to caudate neurons play a crucial role in supplying the motivational information.
Optimized MPPT-based converter for TEG energy harvester to power wireless sensor and monitoring system in nuclear power plant

Accidents like Fukushima Disasters push people to improve the monitoring systems for the nuclear power plants. Thus, various types of energy harvesters are designed to power these systems and the Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) energy harvester is one of them. In order to enhance the amount of harvested power and the system efficiency, the power management stage needs to be carefully designed. In this paper, a power converter with optimized Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is proposed for the TEG Energy Harvester to power the wireless sensor network in nuclear power plant. The TEG Energy Harvester is installed on the coolant pipe of the nuclear plant and harvests energy from its heat energy while the power converter with optimized MPPT can make the TEG Energy Harvester output the maximum power, quickly response to the voltage change and provide sufficient energy for wireless sensor system to monitor the operation of the nuclear power plant. Due to the special characteristics of the Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) when it is working in the Discontinuous Inductor Current Mode (DICM) and Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM), the MPPT method presented in this paper would be able to control the converter to achieve the maximum output power in any working conditions of the TEG system with a simple circuit. The optimized MPPT algorithm will significantly reduce the cost and simplify the system as well as achieve a good performance. Experiment test results have shown that, comparing to a fixed- duty-cycle SEPIC which is specifically designed for the working on the secondary coolant loop in nuclear power plant, the optimized MPPT algorithm increased the output power by 55%.
Murder in the Arboretum: comparing character models to personality models

Interactive Narrative often involves dialogue with virtual dramatic characters. In this paper we compare two kinds of models of character style: one based on models derived from the Big Five theory personality, and the other derived from a corpus-based method applied to characters and films from the IMSDb archive. We apply these models to character utterances for a pilot narrative-based outdoor augmented reality game called Murder in the Arboretum. We use an objective quantitative metric to estimate the quality of a character model, with the aim of predicting model quality without perceptual experiments. We show that corpus-based character models derived from individual characters are often more detailed and specific than personality based models, but that there is a strong correlation between personality judgments of original character dialogue and personality judgments of utterances generated for Murder in the Arboretum that use the derived character models.
Interpreting quantitative urine buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine levels in office-based clinical practice.

Abstract Background Quantitative urine buprenorphine testing is used to monitor patients receiving buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD), however the interpretation of urine buprenorphine testing is complex. Currently, interpretation of quantitative buprenorphine testing is guided by data from drug assay development studies and forensic labs rather than clinical treatment cohorts. Methods In this retrospective study, we describe the patterns of urine buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine levels in patients prescribed sublingual buprenorphine for OUD in an office-based addiction treatment clinic. Urine buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine levels were analyzed in patients who reported having adulterated their urine, patients clinically suspected of adulterating their urine, and patients without concern for urine adulteration. Finally, we tested the accuracy of urine buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, and norbuprenorphine: buprenorphine ratio (Norbup:Bup) to identify adulterated urine samples. Results Patients without suspicion for urine adulteration rarely provided specimens with buprenorphine >= 1000 ng/ml (4.4%), while the proportion provided by those who endorsed or were suspected of urine adulteration was higher (42.9%, 40.6%, respectively). Compared to patients without reported urine adulteration, specimens from patients who reported or were suspected of urine adulteration had significantly higher buprenorphine (p = 0.0001) and lower norbuprenorphine ( = 700 ng/ml offered the best accuracy for discriminating between adulterated and non-adulterated specimens. Conclusion This study describes the patterns of urine buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine levels from patients with OUD receiving buprenorphine treatment in an office-based addiction treatment clinic. Parameters for identifying urine adulterated by submerging buprenorphine medication in the urine specimen are discussed.
The HIV-1 p66 homodimeric RT exhibits different conformations in the binding-competent and -incompetent NNRTI site

Non-nucleoside inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT), NNRTIs, which bind to the p66/p51 heterodimeric RT, also interact with the p66/p66 homodimer, whose structure is unknown. 19 F nuclear magnetic resonance of a single 4-trifluoromethylphenylalanine (tfmF) residue, incorporated into the NNRTI binding pocket of the p66/p66 homodimer at position 181, was used to investigate NNRTI binding. In the NNRTI-bound homodimer complex, two different 19 F signals are observed, with the resonance frequencies matching those of the NNRTI-bound p66/p51 heterodimer spectra, in which the individual p66-subunit or p51-subunit were labeled with tfmF at positions 181. These data suggest that the NNRTI-bound p66/p66 homodimer conformation, particularly around residue 181, is very similar to that in the p66/p51 heterodimer, explaining why NNRTI binding to p66/p66 enhances dimer formation.
Interphase Mechanics in Fatigued Carbon Fiber Composite Materials

Carbon fiber composites display considerable heterogeneity in strength and stiffness depending on the respective constituent properties, reinforcement alignments, and interfacial relationships. Typically the inherent material anisotropy and complexity lead to relatively diverse material fatigue failures depending on the loading conditions and carbon fiber reinforcement orientations. The current work seeks to better understand the mechanisms by which fatigue damage precipitates and the smallest scales (sub-micron) at which material phenomena may be observed and tracked before becoming observable on the millimeter scale or larger. Unidirectional IM7-8552 composite samples were fabricated for transverse (90°) and longitudinal (0°) fiber loading. Samples were tested in bending using a three-point set-up and in single axis tension developing the cyclic life response at several loading stresses. Baseline and failed samples were partitioned and polished for instrumented indentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) which probed the local mechanical and morphological behavior of the composite interphase. Attempts are made to characterize the local material behavior around the fiber-matrix interphase to understand material response of this region with respect to fatigue cycling. The fiber-matrix interphase results are compared to numerical modelling in order to better understand the interphase behavior and fatigue degradation of the composite materials.
Werbung auf WeChat

WeChat ist nicht nur ein Platz fur Content Marketing, sondern auch eine Werbeplattform. Unternehmen konnen Werbung entweder auf berechtigten offentlichen WeChat-Konten oder auf Momente der WeChat-Nutzer anzeigen lassen. Es gibt auch externe Werbedienstleister, die Unternehmen professionellen Service fur das Erstellen und Verwalten von Werbung auf WeChat anbieten. In diesem Kapitel werden die genannten Themen erlautert.
Wood Packaging Sps Regulations: Effects on U.S. Imports and Containerized Trade

International standards for wood packaging material used in international trade were fully implemented by the United States and other countries in September, 2006. This paper analyzes the possible effects of these regulations (treatment of wood pallets), and the effects of any possible U.S. requirements for alternative packaging, on U.S. imports in a multi-commodity context using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. Such an analysis should be of interest to economists, foresters, and environmentalists. It may be of particular interest to Chinese researchers, as China is the largest source of U.S. containerized imports. The paper includes a database to estimate the use of pallets in U.S. imports. Increased pallet costs were incorporated into the model through the international trade and transport margins. Although the effects appear to be small, the data and model results indicate that agricultural products might be the most affected with increased pallet costs.This paper was presented to the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, Beijing, China
Influenza vaccine availability at urgent care centers in the state of Arizona.

We surveyed urgent care centers (UCCs) in the state of Arizona to determine whether they offered the influenza vaccine during the 2016-2017 influenza season. Overall vaccine availability was 80.3% at these facilities. During this season, one-third of the UCCs offered influenza vaccination to children 6 months or older; approximately two-thirds offered influenza vaccination to children and young adults 16 years or older. This is the first study of influenza vaccine availability at UCCs.
Perspectivas híbridas, concepções descentradas: Estéticas do porvir em Laços de família de Clarice Lispector

The aim of this paper is to discuss how a certain literary aesthetics of matter, present in the literature of Clarice Lispector, invests in the dissolution of Western rationalism, contributing to a rethinking of tenuous frontiers between pairs modernly thought in dichotomous relation, such as humanity and animality, nature and society, objectivity and subjectivity, transcendence and immanence, etc. In this sense, the perception of the world found in some narratives of Lispector can be approximated to that aspect of the Amerindian multinatural perspectivism that extends the human condition to other species of the universe, endowing them with intentionality. Thus, proposing a dialogue between anthropology and literature, this essay analysis some texts by Clarice Lispector based specially on theoretical postulates of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Bruno Latour.
Adherence to CRC Screening and Surveillance Guidelines when Using Split-Dose Bowel Preparation.

Goal. To prospectively assess physician recommendations for repeat colonoscopy in an average-risk screening cohort. Background. Endoscopists’ adherence to colorectal cancer screening and surveillance guidelines for repeat colonoscopy have not been well characterized. Furthermore, little is known about patient and colonoscopy factors that are associated with endoscopists’ nonadherence to guideline recommendation. Study. This is a prospective cohort of average-risk patients undergoing colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening between August 2011 and January 2013. The primary outcome was assessment of physician recommendations for repeat colonoscopy. Results. 462 participants were prospectively enrolled. 13.6% (62) had guideline-inconsistent recommendations. 89% of the guideline-inconsistent recommendations were for an earlier interval. Endoscopists’ reports cited suboptimal bowel preparation as the most common reason for earlier repeat colonoscopy. On multivariable analysis, patient split-dose preparation noncompliance was significantly associated with guideline-inconsistent recommendation (OR = 2.7) even after adjusting for other patient or bowel preparation-related characteristics. Additionally, increased odds of guideline-inconsistent recommendation were associated with older age (>70 years old), higher BMI, having 3 or more polyps, having had at least two previous colonoscopies, suboptimal bowel preparation, and having taken at least 12 hours till clear bowel movement. Conclusions. Gastroenterologists are adherent to CRC screening and surveillance guidelines. Suboptimal bowel preparation is the most frequently cited factor in endoscopy reports leading to deviation from guidelines. Continued emphasis on optimization of bowel preparation, particularly patient compliance to split-dose regimen, is needed.
Structural Studies on Prokaryotic Ribosomal Proteins

Until relatively recently, it was generally accepted that the functional components of the ribosome were the proteins and that the RNA component provided the rigid scaffold for maintaining their correct functional locations and orientations. Consequently, much early research was directed towards determining the locations, functions and structures of the individual ribosomal proteins (Wittmann, 1982). However, with the discovery that isolated RNA can manifest enzymic properties (Cech et al., 1981), the focus has shifted away from the proteins to the ribosomal RNA, and it is now generally accepted that the original roles for these components should be reversed. The highly conserved nature of ribosomal RNA (Noller, 1991) and the recent demonstration that 23S ribosomal RNA stripped of proteins still retains some peptidyl transferase activity (Noller et al., 1992) appear to support this notion. The ribosome is now regarded as an RNA-based organelle which has an absolute requirement for precisely folded RNA molecules in order to function correctly. The proteins’ principal role appears to be that of directing the ribosomal RNA molecules to these correctly folded structures during the assembly process, and perhaps modulating these structures during protein synthesis.
Microstructural characterization and hardness of electrodeposited nickel coatings from a sulphamate bath

Pure nickel plates were produced from a sulphamate bath by electrodeposition. A systematic variation of the current density, in the range 0.005 to 0.25 Acm−2, resulted in a variation of the coating microstructure and properties. Deposits plated below a current density of 0.01 Acm−2 had a surface morphology consisting of large, deep crevices surrounding smaller substructures. A banded or laminar type microstructure was observed in cross-section. Above this current density, truncated pyramidal structures, with ridged terraces oriented perpendicular to the growth direction, were found on the surface. The planar dimensions of the pyramidal surface features were found to increase with current density, as well as the columnar grain widths observed in the cross-sectional view. To evaluate the mechanical properties of the coatings, microindentation hardness tests were performed using a Knoop indenter. A Hall–Petch type relationship for the samples deposited at and above 0.01 Acm−2 was seen.
Fine particles in magnetic recording media

Abstract Some of the more important current issues in particulate magnetic recording media are discussed. These topics are: (a) the surface properties of magnetic Fe oxide particles; (b) thermal activation of magnetization reversal; (c) anisotropy field distributions, (d) surface treatment for enhanced H c ; and (e) non-ideal microstructure and morphology.
Chronic Ear Disease

Chronic ear disease is composed of a spectrum of otologic disorders intrinsically tied to Eustachian tube dysfunction. Presentation can range from asymptomatic findings on physical examination to critically ill patients with intracranial complications. Internists represent the first line in diagnosis of these conditions, making awareness of the common signs and symptoms essential. With surgical management often required, partnership between internal medicine and otolaryngology is fundamental in the management of patients with chronic ear disease.
SC1: A web-based single cell RNA-seq analysis pipeline

Single cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) is critical for studying cellular heterogeneity and development of tissues and tumors. There are currently only few tools that allow researchers to analyze scRNA-seq data without considerable coding efforts. Here, we present an interactive web-based pipeline for single-cell RNA-Seq data analysis that allows researchers to analyze data in an efficient work-flow. The tool also implements a novel and unique method of selecting informative genes before clustering and differential expression analysis.
Remission of persistent childhood asthma: Early predictors of adult outcomes

Background Few data exist on the predictors of asthma remission by early adulthood in North America. Objective The predictors of adult asthma remission were determined in a multiethnic population of patients with mild-to-moderate persistent childhood asthma. Methods Asthma remission in early adulthood was measured by using 2 definitions: a clinical and a strict definition. Both included normal lung function and the absence of symptoms, exacerbations, and medication use. The strict definition also included normal airways responsiveness. Predictors were identified from 23 baseline measures by using multivariate logistic regression. The probability of remission was modeled by using decision tree analysis. Results In 879 subjects the mean ± SD baseline age was 8.8 ± 2.1 years, 59.4% were male, and 68.7% were white. By adulthood, 229 (26.0%) of 879 participants were in clinical remission, and 111 (15.0%) of 741 participants were in strict remission. The degree of FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio impairment was the largest predictor of asthma remission. More than half of boys and two thirds of girls with baseline FEV1/FVC ratios of 90% or greater were in remission at adulthood. Decreased airways responsiveness was also a predictor for both remission definitions (clinical remission odds ratio, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.09-1.39]; strict remission odds ratio, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.26-1.84]). The combination of normal FEV1/FVC ratio, airways responsiveness, and serum eosinophil count at baseline yielded greater than 80% probability of remission by adulthood. Conclusion A considerable minority of patients with persistent childhood asthma will have disease remission by adulthood. Clinical prognostic indicators of asthma remission, including baseline lung function, can be seen from an early age.
Ontogeny of the cortisol stress response and glucocorticoid receptor expression during early development in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone which is an endocrine signaling molecule in all vertebrates and acts through intracellular glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). Cortisol affects many biological functions including immunity, stress, growth, and reproduction. The objective of this study was to investigate the ontogeny of the cortisol and GR stress response in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) at several early life stages. To accomplish this, resting and stress-induced levels of tissue cortisol and the two catfish GRs (GR-1 and GR-2) expression were measured. Resting cortisol levels in newly fertilized eggs averaged 2.4 ± 0.2 ng/egg and decreased to 0.4 ± 0.01 ng/egg by day 5. Cortisol levels in newly fertilized eggs subjected to an acute stress (lowered dissolved oxygen from 6.5 mg/L to 1.8 mg/L) averaged 2.3 ± 0.1 ng/egg and decreased to 0.3 ± 0.03 ng/egg by day 5. At hatching, resting cortisol levels were 24 ± 1.0 ng/0.1 g tissue while levels increased to 83 ± 2.0 ng/0.1 g tissue in fry subjected to an acute stress (P < .05). Four days post-hatch, resting cortisol levels were 83 ± 1.0 ng/0.1 g tissue while levels increased to 149 ± 4.0 ng/0.1 g tissue in fry subjected to an acute stress (P < .01). There was no significant difference between GR-1 and GR-2 mRNA in stressed and unstressed newly hatched fry. Four days post-hatch, GR-1 mRNA increased 3-fold while GR-2 mRNA increased 2-fold in fry that were subjected to low dissolved oxygen conditions (P < .05). These results indicate that cortisol biosynthesis, integration and maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis can be observed in channel catfish at hatching. The upregulation of GR-1 and -2 mRNA in stressed fry supports roles for both transcripts in integrating the channel catfish stress response.
Data Protection with SMSD Labware

The majority of malicious mobile attacks take advantage of vulnerabilities in mobile applications, such as sensitive data leakage via inadvertent or side channel, unsecured sensitive data storage, data transmission, and many others. Most of these mobile vulnerabilities can be detected in the mobile software testing phase. However, most development teams often have virtually no time to address them due to critical project deadlines. To combat this, the more defect removal filters there are in the software development life cycle, the fewer defects that can lead to vulnerabilities will remain in the software product when it is released. As part of Secure Mobile Software Development (SMSD) project, we are currently developing capacity to address the lack of pedagogical materials and real world learning environment in secure mobile software development through effective, engaging, and investigative approaches. In this session, we provide details of a new implemented module named data protection. We also share our initial experience and feedback on the developed module.
Observer reactions to other customer incivility: emotional labor, gratitude, loyalty to employee and tipping intention.

This study aims to examine the observing customer’s reactions, namely, gratitude, loyalty to the employee and tipping intention while observing other customer incivility during another customer service failure and the frontline employee’s emotional labor strategy.,A 2 (emotional labor strategy: deep acting vs surface acting) by 2 (service consumption criticality: high vs low) experiment is used to test the hypotheses.,The results reveal that observing an employee’s deep acting emotional labor (vs surface acting) leads to a greater level of gratitude among the affected customers and promotes their tipping and loyalty to the employee. However, there is no significant interaction effect of service consumption criticality and emotional labor strategy on customer gratitude.,This research builds upon the social servicescape, customer misbehavior and emotional labor literature by examining previously untested relationships.,In cases of other customer service failure, managers should effectively communicate to their employees how their emotional labor induces positive customer feedback. Currently, emotional labor is emphasized mostly regarding its negative effects on employees, but this research suggests that serving the recovery expectation of the affected customers, especially when it is served with authentic emotional displays, can promote increased tipping and loyalty behavior.,No research investigates customers’ emotional and behavioral reactions to employee emotional labor in the context of other customer service failure.
Association between Depressive Symptoms and Supplemental intake of Calcium and Vitamin D in Older Adults.

We explored the associations between depressive symptoms and supplemental calcium and vitamin D intake in older adults. This was a prospective cohort study. 8,527 older adults aged ≥60 years from Zhejiang Major Public Health Surveillance Program (ZPHS) without depressive symptoms at baseline survey. Participants were divided into non-supplementation, calcium (Ca), vitamin D, and calcium plus vitamin D (CaD) groups based on their supplemental intake during the past year. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between depressive symptoms and supplemental intake. When compared to the non-supplementation group, the Ca group exhibited a significant odds ratio (OR) of 0.731 (95% CI: 0.552–0.967, P=0.028). After adjusting for age, sex, and Ca food sources, the OR was even smaller for the CaD group (OR: 0.326; 95% CI: 0.119–0.889, P=0.029). Additionally, our results indicated that taking Ca supplements ≥4 days/week yielded a significant OR of 0.690 (95% CI: 0.492–0.968) after full adjustment. Taking CaD supplements ≥4 days/week yielded a significant OR of 0.282 (95% CI: 0.089–0.898) after adjusting for age, sex, and Ca food sources. Supplemental intake of Ca or CaD ≥4 days/week can decrease the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults, although CaD supplements may be more effective.