cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension after repair of tetralogy of Fallot.

Sixty-one of approximately 1,400 patients who underwent complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) after repair; i.e., pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) > 50 mm. Hg or PAP/LV > 0.5. Analysis of this experience showed that the prognostic significance of an increased PAP depends on its etiology, severity, and degree of associated residual pulmonary stenosis. Findings of a residual ventricular septal defect, a pulmonary-systemic arteriolar resistance ratio (Rpa/Rs) > 0.6 or Rpa > 12 units square meter, or a ratio of right to left ventricular (RV/LV) peak systolic pressure > 0.7 were particularly adverse signs, whereas peripheral pulmonary arterial obstructions (MPPAO) or lower levels of pulmonary arteriolar resistance were generally well tolerated. Pulmonary regurgitation was of little prognostic significance despite the PAH. Late functional results were good, but these did not correlate closely with late hemodynamic findings. Of interest was the development of pulmonary stenosis in 4 of the 10 patients with MPPAO who were restudied. Improved results can be achieved in this group by detecting before operation, and excluding from operation, patients who have excessive pulmonary vascular resistance (predominantly patients with Potts anastomosis) and by intraoperative monitoring of PAP routinely after repair; if PAH is present, a possible residual ventricular septal defect must be sought and, if found, closed at that time.
Proteomic Network Systems Analysis

Proteomics and other high throughput technologies generate extensive molecular lists, the scope of which renders their accurate interpretation a daunting task. Thus, generalizable approaches by which to extract insight from this complexity are indispensable. Network systems biology principles and their application offer a modular, interchangeable data analytics pipeline by which to collate, integrate, and prioritize such datasets. By understanding the basis and utility of various organizing and interpretive profiling elements including ontological classification, functional enrichment and over-representation algorithms, and combining these with pathway analysis resources and the versatile tools and applications of complex network analysis, an applied network systems approach yields actionable insights into tackling the biology underlying high throughput data. Providing a framework to proteomic newcomers and experienced practitioners alike, we here outline data analytic approaches and provide concrete examples of the pairing of network systems prognostication with informed follow-up, through application of complementary physiological experimentation to validate proteomic observations in cardiovascular health and disease.
Calibrating how doctors think and seek information to minimise errors in diagnosis

Information gathering is a foundational step of the diagnostic process.1 It is not possible to synthesise clinical information to make a correct diagnosis without adequate data collection related to a patient's history, physical examination, test results or consultations with other clinicians. However, evidence over the last several decades suggests that failures in information gathering are common and feature prominently in analyses of diagnostic errors.2–7 Many information-gathering failures are related to history taking, including asking the right questions, which is sometimes based on certain cues from the patient. In this issue of BMJ Quality and Safety , Sheringham et al 8 used simulated patient vignettes to understand the role that patient characteristics (including demographics and symptomatology) play in physicians' decisions to investigate for possible diagnosis of lung cancer. They found that despite suggestive initial symptoms, general practitioners (GPs) failed to elicit additional key symptoms from ‘patients’ that would have suggested the need to investigate further through ordering of tests (chest X-rays or CT scans) or referral to a respiratory consultant. GPs were more likely to initiate investigations when they elicited these additional symptoms that the ‘patient’ had, but did not initially volunteer. The omission of symptom elicitation persisted even in patients with higher risk of lung cancer. While the authors found patient characteristics, such as race and age, related to GPs' investigational behaviours, these factors only accounted for a small proportion of failures to investigate. What then can explain these differences in information gathering by GPs? In real-world practice, one of the usual suspects is insufficient time,9 which we ourselves have implicated before.3 However, in this study, there was no specific time restriction on the GPs, suggesting we must seek additional reasons. In the real world, physicians sometimes have difficulty in extracting relevant historical data from the …
Laparoscopic Gastric Band: Pros and Cons

There are several positive and negative aspects associated with the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) listed below:
Water Quality–Disease Relationship on Commercial Fish Farms

Abstract There are significant interrelationships between host organisms, their pathogens, and environmental factors (water quality). Adverse environmental conditions may decrease the ability of organisms to maintain an effective immunological response system, so that an increased susceptibility to various diseases might be expected to occur. This certainly occurs in aquatic organisms, particularly fish, in which acute and/or chronic pollution of surface waters can cause a reduction in the level of unspecific immunity to disease. This chapter focuses on the fundamental indicators in aquatic environments important in commercial fish farming, including water temperature, pH, oxygen, ammonia, nitrates and nitrites, and chlorine. It lists the effects of changes in these indicators on the fish and how they relate to possible diseases. An important part describes prevention of fish damage due to changes in water quality.
Organofunctional Silane Modification of Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Surfaces as a Route to Stabilization

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) is a low-temperature processed transparent conductive oxide (TCO) made of earth abundant elements; its applications are currently limited by instability to heat, moisture, and acidic conditions. We demonstrate that the application of an organofunctional silane modifier mitigates AZO degradation and explore the interplay between performance and material composition and morphology. Specifically, we evaluate degradation of bare AZO and APTES (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)-modified AZO in response to damp heat (DH, 85 °C, 85% relative humidity) exposure over 1000 h and then demonstrate how surface modification impacts changes in electrical and optical properties and chemical composition in one of the most thorough studies to date. Hall measurements show that the resistivity of AZO increases due to a decrease in electron mobility, with no commensurate change in carrier concentration. APTES decelerates this electrical degradation, without affecting AZO optical properties. Percent...
Occult Iliac Deep Vein Thrombosis in Second Trimester Pregnancy: Clues on Bedside Ultrasound.

Isolated pelvic DVTs are rare and difficult to diagnose, but are more common in pregnant women and carry an increased risk of embolization. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the most common non-obstretric cause of death in pregnancy. Compression ultrasound is the first-line imaging test for suspected lower extremity DVT, but it cannot usually directly visualize or easily diagnose isolated pelvic DVT. Nonetheless, Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) may provide valuable clues to help rule in pelvic DVT and expedite initiation of anticoagulant therapy. Such findings include increased venous diameter, increased resistance to compression, visible venous reflux, and blunted phasicity. This case presents an example of how these findings on POCUS led the emergency physician to make the difficult diagnosis of pelvic DVT at the bedside within seconds.
Foal Fractures: Osteochondral Fragmentation, Proximal Sesamoid Bone Fractures/Sesamoiditis, and Distal Phalanx Fractures.

 Osteochondral fragmentation of the fetlocks is common in foals. Foals are also susceptible to fractures of the proximal sesamoid bones and distal phalanx.  Non–long bone fractures, including proximal sesamoid bone and distal phalanx fractures, are more likely to heal via bony union and carry a better prognosis in foals compared with adults.  Surgery is rarely indicated for the treatment of proximal sesamoid bone and distal phalanx fractures in foals. Arthroscopy may be appropriate for certain types of osteochondral fragmentation of the fetlocks.  Although the prognosis for fracture healing is better for foals than adults, an early, accurate diagnosis and appropriate management are likely to improve the cosmetic appearance and functional outcome in foals.
An Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Future Water Availability and Droughts in the Kentucky River Basin

Global climate change is expected to present a variety of challenges to water resources management. This study evaluated the potential impacts of climate change on hydrologic processes in the Kentucky River basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Following calibration and validation, the SWAT model was forced with downscaled and bias-corrected forecasted precipitation and temperature outputs from a suite of eight CMIP5 GCMs, corresponding to two different representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) for two distinct time periods; 2036–2065 and 2070–2099, referred to as mid-century and late-century, respectively. Corrected climate projections indicate modest increases in average annual precipitation and with higher increases in temperature relative to the baseline (1976–2005) period. Modeled monthly water yield and surface runoff demonstrated increasing trends in spring and fall, while winter months are projected with decreasing trends. Evapotranspiration (ET) displayed a consistent increasing trend in winter and decreasing trend in summer under all future scenarios. Spatial analysis indicated basin-wide increases in water yield with the north-central portions likely to experience the smallest increase due to increases in ET. Meteorological and hydrological droughts were quantified using the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI). In general, maximum duration of hydrological drought is expected to increase, while drought intensity might decrease under future conditions. Meteorological droughts, however, are projected to be slightly less intense and of approximately the same duration as found for the baseline period. The overall findings suggest only modest changes in drought indices through the twenty-first century on a watershed basis, but that changes (and thus questions of future water reliability) might be more significant on the subwatershed basis.
Strong subthreshold current array PUF with 2 65 challenge-response pairs resilient to machine learning attacks in 130nm CMOS

This paper presents a strong silicon physically unclonable function (PUF) immune to machine learning (ML) attacks. The PUF, termed the subthreshold current array (SCA) PUF, is composed of a pair of two-dimensional transistor arrays and a low-offset comparator. The fabricated PUF chip allows 265 challenge-response pairs (CRPs) and achieves high reliability with average bit error rate (BER) of 5.8% for temperatures −20 to 80°C and Vdd + 10%. The calibration-based CRPs filtering method effectively improves BER to 2.6% with a 10% loss of CRPs. When subjected to ML attacks, the PUF shows resilience that is 100X higher than known alternatives, with negligible loss in PUF unpredictability.
P079 A single assay for DSA strength prediction: Are we there yet?

Aim To evaluate enhanced C1q data in donor specific HLA antibody (DSA) strength assessments and crossmatch predictions. Methods HLA -specific antibodies were assessed in 20 sera using phenotype panels (Lifecodes, Immucor) and single antigen IgG and C1q panels (Labscreen, One Lambda Inc). All sera were enriched for IgG using Melon Columns TM prior to testing to remove prozone interference. C1q tests were acquired on a LABScan 3D without normalization. DNA based HLA typing was performed for all HLA loci. Crossmatches included antiglobulin enhanced cytotoxicity (CDC-XM) and 3-color flow cytometric (FC-XM) tests acquired on a BD FACSCanto II (BD Bioscience). Results We previously reported that multiple immunoassays used in combination offer improved DSA strength and crossmatch predictions. In this analysis, we obtained a broader dynamic range of C1q data and performed crossmatch outcome correlations. Fig. 1 shows the dramatic increase in the mean fluorescent intensities (MFI) afforded by the LABScan 3D using a Melon Column TM treated serum. However, the ability to predict CDC-XM outcomes ( n = 24) using these enhanced C1q MFIs and a 5000 MFI positive threshold was poor ( r = 0.31) and increased slightly ( r = 0.52) with a 90,000 MFI positive threshold. FC-XM outcomes ( n = 21) were also poorly predicted ( r = 0.48) using a 5000 MFI positive threshold. However, DSA strength assessments included data from all assays (HLA phenotype, single antigen IgG and C1q panels) the correlations improved substantially for CDC-XM ( r = 0.82) using a 90,000 MFI positive threshold and for FC-XM ( r = 0.90) using a 5,000 MFI positive threshold. Conclusions We show that the dynamic range for the C1q assay can be enhanced by removing all interfering substances and acquiring on a LABScan 3D instrument. However, our ability to predict correct crossmatch outcomes still relied on data from multiple immunoassays. Analyses are underway to determine if enhanced C1q data alone can predict reductions in saturating HLA-DQ specific DSAs during rejection therapy. Download high-res image (157KB) Download full-size image
Yogācāra Substrata? Precedent Frames for Yogācāra Thought Among Third-Century Yoga Practitioners in Greater Gandhāra

The connection between early yogācāras, or practitioners of yoga, and later Yogācāra-vijnānavāda philosophy has long preoccupied scholars. But these connections remain obscure. This article suggests that a text that has received little attention in modern scholarship, the Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra, may shed light on aspects of early yogācāra contemplative cultures that gave rise to some of the formative dynamics of Yogācāra-vijnānavāda thought. I show how traditional Buddhist meditative practice and engagement with Abhidharma theoretics come together in the Saddharmasmṛtyuasthānasūtra to produce a novel theory of mind that mirrors many of the philosophical problematics that early and late Yogācāra-vijnānavādins confronted and attempted to work out in śāstric detail.
Predicting Robotic Utilization in Urologic Disease: An Epidemiology-Based Model

Robotic surgery is a new minimally invasive approach readily endorsed by patients, surgeons, and institutions alike. As with so many new technologies, the concept started out slowly with only a few selected medical applications, but as it became increasingly popular, there has been an explosion of indications (Table 19.1).
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Disability Transitions Among Older Adults in the United States.

Background Racial and ethnic differences in disability persist and are possibly widening in recent years, but evidence is limited for racial and ethnic differences in disability progression through the entire disablement process and potential influential factors. The objective of this study is to examine racial and ethnic differences in patterns of late-life disability transitions, using a new disability spectrum that incorporates successful accommodation with assistive devices in response to capacity limitations to prolong independence. Methods The study cohort consisted of a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older in the United States who were enrolled in the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study and followed up annually until 2015 (n = 6,198). First-order Markov transition models were used to determine racial/ethnic differences in transitions among three stages of self-care and mobility limitations (fully able, successful accommodation, difficulty/assistance) and death. Results After adjustment for age and sex, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic respondents had higher probabilities of unfavorable transitions and lower probabilities of remaining in the successful accommodation stage than non-Hispanic White respondents. The racial and ethnic differences in probabilities of maintaining successful accommodation remained statistically significant after adjustment for socioeconomic and health factors (Black: 0.56, 95% CI = 0.52-0.60; Hispanic: 0.53, 95% CI = 0.44-0.61; White: 0.63, 95% CI = 0.61-0.65). Conclusions Successful accommodation with assistive devices may provide possibilities for implementing interventions to enhance older adults' capacities and reducing racial/ethnic differences in late-life disability.
Determinación de incidencia de la relación carbono: nitrógeno en la producción de biomasa y ácidos grasos de la microalga chlorella vulgaris a escala de laboratorio

Se busco establecer el efecto que tiene la variacion de la relacion Carbono: Nitrogeno en la produccion de biomasa y acidos grasos en la microalga Chlorella vulgaris, empleando como medio de cultivo y medio de control fertilizante foliar en forma liquida. Fueron evaluadas tres diferentes relaciones Carbono: Nitrogeno (1:1, 1:5 y 15:1), comparadas con el medio control a escala laboratorio, ademas se evaluo la concentracion celular por medio de curvas de crecimiento durante 15 dias. La biomasa obtenida luego de procesos secuenciales de sedimentacion, centrifugacion y liofilizacion, fue evaluada en terminos de rendimiento, siendo el mejor para la relacion 15:1 (0,71 g/L). Finalmente, se determino que la concentracion de Nitrogeno en el medio de cultivo altero de manera significativa la composicion de acidos grasos producidos por las celulas microalgales tras un analisis del perfil lipidico obtenido por cromatografia de gases.
Connecting Personal Experiences of Loss and Professional Practices in Advance Care Planning and End-of-Life Care: A Survey of Providers.

Background:Although practitioners overwhelmingly agree on the importance of advance care planning (ACP) and preparing for the end of life (EOL), the process is fraught with barriers.Objective:The g...
SARA: A Cray Assembly Language Speedup Tool

SARA (Single Assignment Register Assembler) is an extended form of CAL (Cray Assembly Language) meant for obtaining near optimal performance from relatively short (100’s of instruction) Cray X-MP basic block code sequences. The SARA Optimizing Preprocessor (informally referred to also as “SARA”) converts SARA source files into a form that is acceptable as input to standard Cray Research Inc. CAL Assemblers. The SARA Optimizing Preprocessor can greatly speed up the job of CAL coding by automating the difficult, tedious, and error-prone tasks of assigning registers and ordering instruction sequences to take maximum advantage of the Cray X-MP architecture.
Extraction/Characterization of DNA

Abstract Some of the foundational procedures of modern biology are the extraction and characterization of DNA from various cultures and tissues. This chapter guides the reader through the key principles of DNA extraction using some of the most commonly needed procedures, including preparation of (1) plasmid DNA from bacterial cultures; (2) plant genomic DNA; (3) plant genomic DNA using a commercial kit; (4) animal genomic DNA using organic solvents; and (5) DNA fragments from agarose gels. After each extraction approach, characterization of the quantity and quality of the extracted DNA is about the same. As primary examples, we cover the characterization of extracted DNA using a spectrophotometer as well as fluorometric measurements. To verify the integrity and size of the extracted DNA, gel electrophoresis remains as the most commonly used approach. Consequently, we have included a basic protocol that uses an alternative sodium borate electrophoresis buffer. The combination of reliable extraction procedures with efficient characterization steps allows downstream biological procedure to be performed successfully.
High Track Pitch Density for HAMR Recording: 1M TPI

Differences between heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) and conventional perpendicular magnetic recording at narrow track widths are compared. We can see that HAMR appears to have similar adjacent track interference, but increased readback signal from the adjacent tracks (side reading). This background interference signal appears to be a consequence of the media architecture, and can be decreased if the media soft underlayer spacing to the hard layer, and transducer is reduced. The impact is also reduced for very high linear densities, due to a smaller fraction of unbiased flux from the neighbor tracks reaching the test track. The use of two reader multiple sensor magnetic recording at high track density appears to address some of this issue, and we can demonstrate viable track writing for HAMR beyond 1M tracks per inch using this readback technique.
Bioprinting functional tissues

Despite the numerous lives that have been saved since the first successful procedure in 1954, organ transplant has several shortcomings which prevent it from becoming a more comprehensive solution for medical care than it is today. There is a considerable shortage of organ donors, leading to patient death in many cases. In addition, patients require lifelong immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection postoperatively. With such issues in mind, recent research has focused on possible solutions for the lack of access to donor organs and rejections, with the possibility of using the patient's own cells and tissues for treatment showing enormous potential. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a rapidly emerging technology, which holds great promise for fabrication of functional tissues and organs. Bioprinting offers the means of utilizing a patient's cells to design and fabricate constructs for replacement of diseased tissues and organs. It enables the precise positioning of cells and biologics in an automated and high throughput manner. Several studies have shown the promise of 3D bioprinting. However, many problems must be overcome before the generation of functional tissues with biologically-relevant scale is possible. Specific focus on the functionality of bioprinted tissues is required prior to clinical translation. In this perspective, this paper discusses the challenges of functionalization of bioprinted tissue under eight dimensions: biomimicry, cell density, vascularization, innervation, heterogeneity, engraftment, mechanics, and tissue-specific function, and strives to inform the reader with directions in bioprinting complex and volumetric tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: With thousands of patients dying each year waiting for an organ transplant, bioprinted tissues and organs show the potential to eliminate this ever-increasing organ shortage crisis. However, this potential can only be realized by better understanding the functionality of the organ and developing the ability to translate this to the bioprinting methodologies. Considering the rate at which the field is currently expanding, it is reasonable to expect bioprinting to become an integral component of regenerative medicine. For this purpose, this paper discusses several factors that are critical for printing functional tissues including cell density, vascularization, innervation, heterogeneity, engraftment, mechanics, and tissue-specific function, and inform the reader with future directions in bioprinting complex and volumetric tissues.
Equilibrium isotope effects in aqueous systems. IV. The vapor pressures of NaBr, Nal, KF, Na2SO4, and CaCl2 solutions in H2O and D2O (O to 90°C). Vapor pressures of Na2SO4·10H2O, ·10D2O and CaCl2·2H2O, ·2D2O

Solvent vapor pressure isotope effects have been measured in HOH/DOD between approximately 0 and 90°C on the following electrolyte solutions: NaBr (2, 5, 7, and 9m), NaI (4, 6, 8, and 10m), KF (3, 6, 9, and 12m), Na2SO4 (2m and saturated solutions, and hydrated cyrstal), and CaCl2 (3, 5.5, 8, and 10m, and hydrated crystal). Values of the isotope effects on the various excess thermodynamic properties of solution, including the osmotic and activity coefficients and the excess free energies, enthalpies, and entropies, have been extracted from least-square expressions which fit the VPIE over the entire concentration and temperature range. The results are compared with those obtained for alkali metal chloride solutions (I, II) and literature data where possible. They are discussed briefly in terms of solution structure.
2 × 2 Matrices: The Donoghue and Hansen–Tomiyama Theorems

Loewner’s theorem provides a simple characterization of \({\mathcal M}_\infty (a,b)\) but it is not so simple to describe which functions are in a general \({\mathcal M}_n(a,b)\).
The clinical significance of metastatic breast carcinoma to intramammary lymph node

The incidence of involved intramammary lymph node (intra-MLN) with breast carcinoma (BC) is rare. Its clinical significance and impact on the clinical decision making is unclear. A total of 113 BC cases with at least one positive intra-MLN were collected from 11 academic institutions. The inclusion criteria were subsequent axillary lymph node dissection, and the availability of information on T-stage, size of node metastasis, extranodal extension status, biomarkers status, and clinical follow-up. Stage 4 cases and/or neo-adjuvant treated patients were excluded. AJCC TN-stage was calculated twice, with and without intra-MLN. Five-year overall survival (OS) and relapse (local and/or distant)-free survival (RFS) were calculated and correlated with the clinicopathologic variables. Excluding intra-MLN, TN-stage correlated with OS (P = .016) but not with RFS (P = .19). However, when intra-MLN was included, TN-stage correlated with both OS (P < .001) and RFS (P = .016). In the multivariate analysis, when intra-MLN was excluded, only radiation therapy (RT) correlated with RFS (HR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.054-0.66, P = .009). However, when intra-MLN was included in the TN-stage both RT (HR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.45, P = .001) and TN-stage 3 (HR = 8.92, 95% CI: 1.47-54, P = .017) correlated with RFS. Tumor multifocality was the only variable correlated with OS when the intra-MLN involvement was excluded. When intra-MLN was included, multifocality became insignificant but TN-stage 3 correlated with OS (HR = 8.59, 95% CI: 1.06-69.71, P = .044). Positive intra-MLN is an independent factor in predicting both RFS and OS.
A Dead-Reckoning Based Local Positioning System for Intelligent Vehicles

This paper presents a local positioning system based on vehicle motion model. The system is designed by 2D dead reckoning principle, which uses previous state information, speed and heading outputs of vehicle sensors to estimate real-time pose information. A Kalman filter based on speed-acceleration model is introduced to eliminate error of the odometer. And a linear error model is introduced to compensate the accumulative error of gyroscope. By preprocessing the speed and heading outputs, the precision of local positioning system is improved.
Physical activity barriers and resources among black women with a history of breast and endometrial cancer: a systematic review.

Physical inactivity is a significant public health problem among black women. However, there is limited evidence regarding barriers to physical activity and the availability of opportunities to engage in physical activity, specifically for posttreatment black women with a history of cancer. The purpose of this paper was to systematically review, summarize, and synthesize findings on physical activity-related research including barriers, facilitators, and resources for physical activity among posttreatment black women with a history of breast and endometrial cancer. We developed a comprehensive search strategy and conducted searches in the following databases: PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, and Sociological Abstracts. Summary measures were described qualitatively (e.g., themes) and quantitatively (e.g., frequencies). This review identified 35 eligible articles describing 12 intervention and 23 observational studies. We described intervention preferences (e.g., resistance activities), beliefs about physical activity, and benefits of physical activity for quality of life (e.g., improvements in social wellbeing) in black cancer survivors. In addition, very few studies identified barriers to physical activity (n = 7) and focused on increasing physical activity (n = 12) among black women with a history of cancer. The most common reported barriers among the target population were fatigue, lack of social support, weather, illness/health issues, cost, time constraints, living too far away, and inability/unwillingness to obtain physician clearance, whereas the most common facilitators were faith, other health concerns, and social support. Future studies should target barriers, facilitators, and culturally adapted strategies for physical activity at all levels of influence to develop multi-level interventions to engage and improve physical activity among black women with a history of breast and endometrial cancer. CRD42018110008
High‐speed X‐ray‐induced luminescence computed tomography

X-ray-induced luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) is an emerging molecular imaging. Challenges in improving spatial resolution and reducing the scan time in a whole-body field of view (FOV) still remain for practical in vivo applications. In this study, we present a novel XLCT technique capable of obtaining three-dimensional (3D) images from a single snapshot. Specifically, a customed two-planar-mirror component is integrated into a cone beam XLCT imaging system to obtain multiple optical views of an object simultaneously. Furthermore, a compressive sensing based algorithm is adopted to improve the efficiency of 3D XLCT image reconstruction. Numerical simulations and experiments were conducted to validate the single snapshot X-ray-induced luminescence computed tomography (SS-XLCT). The results show that the 3D distribution of the nanophosphor targets can be visualized much faster than conventional cone beam XLCT imaging method that was used in our comparisons while maintaining comparable spatial resolution as in conventional XLCT imaging. SS-XLCT has the potential to harness the power of XLCT for rapid whole-body in vivo molecular imaging of small animals.
Abstract 176: Platelet Cyclophilin D Mediates Neutrophil Recruitment and Ischemic Stroke Outcomes in Mice

Rationale: Besides their role in thrombosis, platelets also mediate inflammation through platelet-neutrophil aggregates (PNA). Recently, cyclophilin D (CypD)-mediated platelet necrosis emerged as a...
Complexities and Contradictions: Black Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Students’ Lived Realities across Three Urban HBCU Contexts:

This qualitative study explored how Black LGBQ students at three urban private HBCUs experienced and navigated spaces that affirmed their racial identity but posed challenges to their sexual and ge...
Reasons and Risk Factors for Emergency Department Visits After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analysis of 1.3 Million Patients

Abstract Background Well-powered studies investigating the relationship of emergency department (ED) visits and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are limited. Therefore, the specific aims of this study were to: 1) compare patient demographics of patients who did and did not have an ED visit; and for the visits, identified: 2) leading reasons; and 3) risk factors for ED visits (prearthroplasty/postarthroplasty). Methods Patients undergoing primary TKA who had an ED visit within 90 days after their index procedure were identified from a nationwide database. The query yielded 1,364,655 patients who did (n = 5689) and did not have (n = 1,358,966) an ED visit. Baseline demographics such as age, sex, and comorbidity prevalence between the two cohorts; reasons for ED visits; and prearthroplasty and postarthroplasty risk factors were analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) of ED visits were assessed using multivariate binomial logistic regression analyses. A P-value less than 0.001 was considered statistically significant. Results Patients who did and did not have ED visits differed with respect to age (P Conclusion By identifying demographic patterns of patients, reasons, and risk factors, the information found from this study can help identify targets for quality improvement to potentially reduce the incidence of ED visits after primary TKA.
Host methylation predicts SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcome

Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, most clinical testing has focused on RT-PCR1. Host epigenome manipulation post coronavirus infection2–4 suggests that DNA methylation signatures may differentiate patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from uninfected individuals, and help predict COVID-19 disease severity, even at initial presentation. We customized Illumina’s Infinium MethylationEPIC array to enhance immune response detection and profiled peripheral blood samples from 164 COVID-19 patients with longitudinal measurements of disease severity and 296 patient controls. Epigenome-wide association analysis revealed 13,033 genome-wide significant methylation sites for case-vs-control status. Genes and pathways involved in interferon signaling and viral response were significantly enriched among differentially methylated sites. We observe highly significant associations at genes previously reported in genetic association studies (e.g. IRF7, OAS1). Using machine learning techniques, models built using sparse regression yielded highly predictive findings: cross-validated best fit AUC was 93.6% for case-vs-control status, and 79.1%, 80.8%, and 84.4% for hospitalization, ICU admission, and progression to death, respectively. In summary, the strong COVID-19-specific epigenetic signature in peripheral blood driven by key immune-related pathways related to infection status, disease severity, and clinical deterioration provides insights useful for diagnosis and prognosis of patients with viral infections. Viral infections affect the body in many ways, including via changes to the epigenome, the sum of chemical modifications to an individual’s collection of genes that affect gene activity. Here, we analyzed the epigenome in blood samples from people with and without COVID-19 to determine whether we could find changes consistent with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using a combination of statistical and machine learning techniques, we identify markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as of severity and progression of COVID-19 disease. These signals of disease progression were present from the initial blood draw when first walking into the hospital. Together, these approaches demonstrate the potential of measuring the epigenome for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 status and severity. Konigsberg et al. profile DNA methylation in blood samples from SARS-CoV-2 cases and controls. The authors use machine learning to classify infected vs. non-infected individuals and predict clinical outcomes related to disease severity.
Follow-Up and Validation of K2 and TESS Planetary Systems With Keck NIRC2 Adaptive Optics Imaging

High resolution imaging (HRI) is a critical part of the transiting exoplanet follow-up and validation process. HRI allows previously unresolved stellar companions and background blends to be resolved, vetting false positive signals and improving the radii measurements oftrue planets. Through a multi-semester Keck NIRC2 adaptive optics imaging program, we have pursued HRI of K2 and TESS candidate planet host systems to provide the transiting exoplanet community with necessary data for system validation and characterization. Here we present a summary of our ongoing program that includes an up to date list of targets observed, a description of the observations and data reduction, and a discussion of planetary systems validated by the community using these data. This observing program has been key in NASA's K2 and TESS missions reaching their goals of identifying new exoplanets ideal for continued follow-up observations to measure their masses and investigate their atmospheres. All observations presented here are available as calibrated images and resulting contrast curves through the Exoplanet Follow-up Observing Program (ExoFOP) website. We encourage members of the exoplanet community to use these data products in their ongoing planetary system validation and characterization efforts.
Energy from carbon dioxide: Experimental and theoretical analysis of power generation from membrane-based sweep gas permeation

Abstract Large amounts of energy are available from gas mixture gradients at exhaust sources such as power plant flue gases. Converting energy from exhaust to useful work, may open up new opportunities for improving power plant efficiency and sustainability. In this paper, we evaluate the novel concept of using sweep gas permeation of carbon dioxide CO2 across a membrane to generate power. Using a custom laboratory bench with a commercial polydimethylsiloxane membrane, power potential of up to 6.35 W/m2 is experimentally observed from 192 g/m2/h of CO2 flux against 2 bar applied pressure difference. This power is obtained from a pure CO2 feed, and assuming ideal energy conversion at key rotating machines (compressor and turbine). When more realistic feed concentrations of 20% CO2 are supplied, and the loss of nitrogen N2 reverse flux is accounted for, power potential of 0.37 W/m2 is observed from 29 g/m2/h net flux against 1 bar applied pressure. Fundamental transport dynamics are outlined and a numerical model is validated and used to simulate possible improvements from highly permeable and selective membranes, with certain predictions approaching 40 W/m2. The model is also used to analyze the overall energy balance of the process, and it is shown that inefficiencies of the compressor and turbine impose important limitations on net power generation, unless operating conditions are carefully calibrated.
A Systematic Literature Review of Potential and Emerging Links Between Remote Work and Motivation

With the sudden shift from in-person to remote settings in the workplace and various other institutions as triggered by the lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper sought to examine the prevalence of research on the link between remote work and motivation. Two time periods were observed using VOSviewer and Harzing to determine whether a shift in focus on these topics took place as a result of the pandemic and what the overall insights were. In addition, a co-citation analysis was done in two parts. One part gave consideration of the references from a search using terms “motivation” and “remote work”. The other considered the same search terms with constraints on the dates of articles for the analysis to emphasize prior research that was more recently emphasized. Upon further analysis, it was found that a shift did take place with earlier research focusing on combating low motivation of healthcare workers in remote regions and the latest research focusing on potential solutions for reduced motivation levels of individuals who had to work from home. In both instances, it was seen that work in remote regions and work done remotely, that is from home, were associated with low motivation levels. While the area of remote work and motivation are highly relevant to job design, it also implicates human-computer interaction as an increase in the number of remote jobs may imply more time spent with computers which in turn may have potential connections with human motivation.
Generalized Sensitivity Analysis for Delay Differential Equations

We present theoretical foundations for traditional sensitivity and generalized sensitivity functions for a general class of nonlinear delay differential equations. Included are theoretical results for sensitivity with respect to the delays. A brief summary of previous results along with several illustrative computational examples are also given.
SANDSTONE WEATHERING THRESHOLDS IN PETRA, JORDAN

From ongoing research examining weathering rates and mechanisms in the Paleozoic sandstones of Petra, Jordan, two possible thresholds have been identified. From a carved Roman Theater built under Vitruvian standards during the first century A.D., a two-meter sampling scheme was used to measure the presently weathered surfaces from a hypothetical false datum determined through originally documented Roman engineering and construction canon. Some 526 depth measurements were made on vertical and horizontal surfaces and correlated to the intrinsic variables of sandstone matrix-to-clast ratios, overall densities, matrix chemistry (Si, Ca, Fe, Al concentrations), and to the extrinsic accumulated annual insolation receipt (mega-joules/m2). When matrix iron concentrations exceeded 2%, an abrupt decrease in overall weatherability is indicated until weathering is found to have decreased below measurable limits at 4%. It is speculated that matrix iron acts as a sandstone-clast binding agent, reducing clast disaggrega...
Photochemical studies—II: The photo-rearrangement of aryl esters

Abstract The photo-rearrangement of aryl esters (the Photo-Fries reaction) has been extended to a number of substituted phenyl benzoate and ferrocenoate derivatives. When the phenol moiety was unsubstittued, a mixture of ortho - and para -hydroxy ketones was obtained. An exception to this behaviour was observed in the case of phenyl ferrocenoate which provided the para -isomer only. Para -rearrangement products were obtained in good yield from two di- ortho -substituted phenyl esters. The results of additional experiments, including those obtained from a mixture irradiation, are presented and discussed with reference to the reaction mechanism. Finally, the possible generality of the reaction is pointed out.
Socialization of Discrete Negative Emotions: Gender Differences and Links with Psychological Distress

On the basis of Malatesta-Magai's model (Magai, 1996) of emotion socialization, parental contingent responses to expressed emotion in children were expected to facilitate (e.g., Reward, Magnify) or inhibit (e.g., Override, Neglect, Punish) the expression of various discrete emotions. In this study, retrospective reports of parental emotion socialization in childhood were reported by 322 young adult participants. Perceptions of 3 negative emotions—sadness, anger, and fear—were assessed. Using a retrospective, self-report measure, gender-based emotion socialization patterns were found across all 3 emotions, which suggests that the gender of both the parent and child influences the way in which different emotions are socialized. Young adults reported, in recalling their childhood, that mothers were more typically involved in socializing negative emotions than were fathers. For anger, mothers reportedly were the more active emotion socializing agents; they used Reward, Magnify, and Override more than did fathers. For sadness and fear, parents reportedly modified the way in which they socialized these emotions based on the gender of their child. For example, fathers reportedly rewarded girls and punished boys for expressing sadness and fear. A second aim of this study was to examine links between emotion socialization strategies and psychological distress. Perceptions of the parental emotion socializing responses of Punish and Neglect were positively correlated with psychological distress in young adults. Although certain aspects of the methodology limit conclusions, the findings of this study suggest that emotion socialization differs in girls and boys, and these differences are consistent with models that link specific parental emotion socialization approaches (e.g., punishment of negative emotions) to psychopathology—a question that deserves further exploration.
A Catholic College Newspaper as a Research Instrument in an Oral History Project

A student produced and edited newspaper is necessarily a grassroots production, with an allvolunteer staff. Student produced newspapers can be a potential source of primary, historical information about student life on a college campus, providing useful insight and data about students’ perspectives and experiences while attending college. However a central problem of the print copies and printed or microfilmed back-files of these types of collections is the limited means for discovering data, and devising the best means in which to describe the contents. Saint Leo University is a Catholic University in the Southern United States, originally founded by Benedictine monks in 1889. It became a two year college in 1965, and the student newspaper printed its first column in 1967. The 1960s and 1970s were a time of social change in America and in the Catholic Church, which did not leave this community of faith unmoved nor unchanged. The role which the newspaper played during this time was unique, providing a voice for the students, faculty, and other community members, which assisted in informing its audience of events and issues while nurturing a faith-based community. The recently digitized collection of this newspaper preserves and makes available an exceptional collection of voices and perspectives from an earlier time in this institution’s history. This paper will discuss the digitized collection, its search features, and as it’s potential as a historical research tool in an institutional oral history project, as well as the intersection of information and religious perspectives made available for examination. Advances in the Study of Information and Religion 180 2 Advances in the Study of Information and Religion, Vol. 2 [2012], Art. 10 http://digitalcommons.kent.edu/asir/vol2/iss1/10 A CATHOLIC COLLEGE NEWSPAPER IN AN ORAL HISTORY PROJECT
High-resolution optical observations of diffuse clouds

We describe results from high-resolution (Δv = 0.3−1.5 km s−1) observations of absorption lines due to interstellar Na I, Ca II, K I, Ca I, and Ti II. At those resolutions, we can identify and characterize many (but not all) of the individual clouds along a given line of sight; complex spatial and/or velocity structure appears to be the norm. Both the spectra and the statistics of individual cloud properties derived from fits to the observed line profiles suggest that: 1) the five species are not entirely coextensive in the neutral ISM; 2) the typical separation between adjacent components (in Na I and Ca II) is ∼1.2 km s−1; 3) the median line widths (FWHM) for components in Na I, K I, and Ca I are ≲1.2 km s−1; 4) larger line widths for Ca II, even for “corresponding” components at similar velocities, suggest that Ca II is more widely distributed; 5) line widths for clouds in the Galactic halo and in the local ISM (within 100 pc) are generally somewhat larger than for clouds in the general Galactic disk; and 6) components with very different properties (line width, relative abundances, overall column densities) are often separated by only several km s−1. Observations of multiple systems and lines of sight in restricted regions reveal complex spatial structure and velocity coincidences even within 100 pc. These high-resolution optical spectra can be used to model lower resolution UV spectra of many other neutral and singly ionized species, enabling abundances and physical properties to be derived for individual interstellar clouds.