cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Personalized Information Seeking Assistant (PiSA): from programming information seeking to learning

Online programming discussion forums have grown increasingly and formed sizable repositories of problem-solving solutions. In this paper, we investigate programming learners’ information seeking behaviors in online discussion forums, and provide visual navigational support to facilitate information seeking. We design engines to collect students’ information seeking behaviors, and model these behaviors with sequence pattern mining techniques. The results show that programming learners indeed seek for information from discussion forums by actively search and read progressively according to course schedule topics. Advanced students consistently perform query refinements, examine search results and commit to read, however, novices do not. Finally, according to the lessons learned, we propose, design and evaluate Personalized Information Seeking Assistant system to help query refinement by summarizing the search results and to provide social-based browsing history. Findings suggest that paying attention to the query history may lead to further reading events, which subsequently resulting in potential learning activities.
Understanding “It Depends” in Organizational Research: A Theory-Based Taxonomy, Review, and Future Research Agenda Concerning Interactive and Quadratic Relationships

The study of interaction effects is critical for creating, extending, and bounding theory in organizational research. Integrating and extending prior work, we present a taxonomy of two-way interact...
Effect of family affective environment on individuals' emotion regulation

Abstract The current study explored the relations between interparental conflict, parental attachment, and emotion regulation among 404 undergraduates (322 females, 88.9% Caucasians). Data were collected through online survey. Results from conditional process analyses demonstrated that intensity of interparental conflict positively predicted late adolescents' emotion regulation whereas low resolution of interparental conflict negatively predicted emotion regulation when parental attachment was considered. Frequency of interparental conflict was not associated with parental attachment or emotion regulation. In addition, parental attachment partially mediated the relations between intensity and low resolution of interparental conflict, and late adolescents' emotion regulation. The findings supported the emotional security theory and highlighted intensity and low resolution of interparental conflict as significant contributors of late adolescents' emotion regulation, and identified parental attachment as a mechanism between the relations. Implications of the study and future research directions were discussed.
Visible-Light-Mediated Construction of Pyrroloindolines via an Amidyl Radical Cyclization/Carbon Radical Addition Cascade: Rapid Synthesis of (±)-Flustramide B.

The development of visible-light-mediated synthesis of pyrroloindolines via an amidyl radical cyclization–carbon radical functionalization cascade is reported. The transformation shows a broad substrate scope, tolerating a variety of substitutions on indole aromatic rings and N-centers. Different functionalized alkene systems could be used as radical acceptors. Relying on this strategy, a rapid synthesis of flustramide B was achieved.
Brand Advertising in an Access–Ownership World, How Marketing Channels Impact Message Persuasiveness: An Abstract

In light of the growing popularity of peer-to-peer sharing and other access-based consumption phenomena, firms are increasingly looking to expand beyond traditional ownership marketing channels by gaining entree into emerging access marketing channels. In contrast to ownership, access-based consumption does not involve the outright purchase of a product; rather, it involves market-mediated transactions in which consumers acquire the short-term right to use or “access” goods (Bardhi & Eckhardt, 2012). One way traditional ownership-based firms are responding to this shift is to gain entree into emerging access marketing channels. For instance, since Daimler launched the first manufacturer-driven car-sharing program, car2go, in 2009, other automobile manufacturers, such as BMW (DriveNow), Ford (Ford2go), Volkswagen (Quicar), and General Motors (attempted acquisition of Lyft), have followed suit (Baumeister et al., 2015). In fact, industry observers project that the car-sharing market will grow to $6.4 billion in retail sales by 2024 (Lorenz, 2016). Thus, an important challenge facing many ownership-based firms is how to promote themselves in an access marketing channel.
Ballistic capture into distant retrograde orbits around Phobos: an approach to entering orbit around Phobos without a critical maneuver near the moon

This paper discusses an approach for designing missions to Phobos that do not require a critical maneuver in proximity of the moon. A low-energy transfer is designed that utilizes the aspherical mass distribution of Phobos to capture a spacecraft into a distant retrograde orbit (DRO) for the mission duration. The process for generating stable DROs in the Mars–Phobos system is discussed along with the method for generating and surveying a set of ballistic capture trajectories (BCTs) for DROs with altitudes between 0.5 and 14 km above Phobos. Statistical analysis of the BCT set reveals options for designing a mission to the desired DRO. This approach can be used in any three-body system when a significant perturbation is present, such as Phobos’ aspherical co-rotating gravity field.
Captain Sim vs. Doctor Drone: Do Simulations Really Teach Better than Lectures?

In this paper, I explore the ability of a collaborative group (problem-based) learning technique to replace a standard lecture-discussion presentation on a particular topic in an introductory political science course. I also investigate the impact of more traditional pedagogical tools. I find that PBL as a one-shot learning opportunity is not more effective at producing learning about a specific topic; I also find that the expectation of daily quizzes and the use of writing assignments can have more of an impact on learning specific content than a pre-ordained quiz and exam format.
Can an Emergency Department Observation Unit Reduce Hospital Admissions for COPD Exacerbation

Studies on observation unit (OU) use to avoid a hospital admission from the emergency department (ED) have found variable effects on health care resource utilization, and these effects have not been studied in acute exacerbation of chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (AECOPD). We retrospectively collected data for all AECOPD-related ED visits (age > 40) to an urban, academic medical center between February 2013 and April 2017. We examined the total proportion of visits admitted to the hospital before and after availability of an OU and the proportion of visits discharged directly from the ED using segmented regression analysis. There was a 12.8% reduction in hospital admissions after OU availability (79.6 vs. 66.8%, p = 0.0049) without a change in the proportion discharged directly from the ED (p = 0.65). The availability of an OU can decrease hospital AECOPD admissions without affecting the number of patients discharged directly from the ED.
Abstract 152: Mitochondrial Fission Inhibitor Mdivi-1 Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiovascular Remodeling

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in various types of cardiovascular diseases which may involve overload and de-compensation in mitochondrial quality/quantity control. However, limited ...
Predicting stability constants of various chelating agents using QSAR technology

One of the important ways of treating soils contaminated by heavy metals has been the removal of the metal by chelation from a soil water slurry. The process chemistry associated with the capture and release of the metal and reuse of the organic chelator is complex and specific information concerning the activity of the chelator is often needed (Honget al.1995). The list of chelating substances is long and there is little information in the literature other than specific test information which will provide guidance to the worker as to the selection of the optimum chelator.
Analysis of College Girls and Fashion Proportion in Mademoiselle, 1960-1974

The period of the 1960s and 1970s was a transitional era characterized by the Vietnam War, Civil Rights, ambiguous gender roles, and the increased use of recreational drugs (Rielly, 2003). It was also a time marked by great changes for women. The approval of the oral contraceptive pill, the 1963 release of The Feminine Mystique, and President John F. Kennedy’s Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, which spoke to gender inequality, ushered in a second-wave of feminism.
The Symbol at Your Door: Number and Geometry in Religious Architecture of the Greek and Latin Middle Ages

Is the display of number and geometry in medieval religious architecture evidence of intended symbolism? This book offers a new perspective in the retrieval of meaning from architecture in the Greek East and the Latin West, and challenges the view that geometry was merely an outcome of practical procedures by masons. Instead, it attributes intellectual meaning to it as understood by Christian Platonist thought and provides compelling evidence that the symbolism was often intended. In so doing, the book serves as a companion volume to The Wise Master Builder by the same author, which found the same system implicit in plans of cathedrals and abbeys. The present book explains how the architectural symbolism proposed could have been understood at the time, as supported by medieval texts and its context, since it is context that can confer specific meaning. The introduction locates the study in its critical context and summarizes Christian Platonism as it determined the meaning of number and geometry. The investigation opens with the recurrent symbolism of the dome and the cube as heaven and earth in the Byzantine world and moves to the duality of the temple and the body in the East and West as reflections of Plato's universal macrocosm and human microcosm. The study then examines each of the figures of Platonic geometry in the architecture of the West against the background of their mathematics and metaphysics, before proceeding to their synthesis with the circle, as seen in circular and polygonal structures, the divisions of circles in Christian art, and their display in window tracery, culminating in the rose window. In view of the multivalency of the symbolism, the investigation establishes systematic occurrences of it, which strongly suggest patterns of thought underlying systems of design. The book concludes with a series of test cases, which show the after-life of the same symbolism as it overlapped with the Renaissance.
Post-Traumatic Pituitary Tumor Apoplexy After Closed Head Injury: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background Head trauma is a rare inciting factor of pituitary apoplexy (PA); however, there is a clear temporal relationship between trauma and apoplexy, and this is the first reported case of PA after an assault. Case Description We present a rare case of a 63-year-old man who developed PA after sustaining a closed head injury from assault with a metal pole. The patient had a known pituitary tumor for which he had previously declined surgical resection. On initial computed tomography scan, there was no traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage. There was sellar expansion but no obvious sellar hemorrhage. Within 48 hours of admission, the patient was presumed septic after developing altered mental status, fevers, hypotension, and tachycardia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with and without gadolinium revealed a poorly enhancing, necrotic, and hemorrhagic pituitary mass, consistent with pituitary tumor apoplexy. After administration of intravenous glucocorticoids, the patient underwent emergent endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary tumor apoplexy. Postoperatively, the patient had neurologic improvement with stable vision. Conclusions Early and accurate diagnosis is important to allow for timely neurosurgical intervention. Symptoms of fever, hypotension, and tachycardia in a patient with a known sellar mass should raise the suspicion of hypocortisolemia from pituitary tumor apoplexy.
Russian and Ukrainian elites: A comparative study of different identities and alternative transitions

Abstract The deterioration in Russian-Ukrainian relations heightened in 2014 but did not begin then and has deeper roots. Both Russian presidents have had troubled relations with all five Ukrainian presidents irrespective if they were described as ‘nationalist’ or ‘pro-Russian.’ This article is the first to explain why the roots of the crisis go deeper and it does this by investigating three areas. The first is the different sources of elites in 1991 when independent Russia captured Soviet institutions and undertook top-down state building while Ukraine inherited far less and set course with bottom up state-building. The second is divergent Russian and Ukrainian national identities. The third is the resultant different transitions with Russia reverting to great power imperial nationalism and Ukraine quadruple and post-colonial transitions.
Predictors of post-concussion symptom severity in a university-based concussion clinic

Objective: To investigate potential predictors of acute post-concussion symptom severity in a university population.Methods: Data were obtained from the University of Florida Student Health Care Ce...
Identification of a copper-transporting ATPase involved in biosynthesis of A. flavus conidial pigment

Conidia are asexual spores and play a crucial role in fungal dissemination. Conidial pigmentation is important for tolerance against UV radiation and contributes to survival of fungi. The molecular basis of conidial pigmentation has been studied in several fungal species. In spite of sharing the initial common step of polyketide formation, other steps for pigment biosynthesis appear to be species-dependent. In this study, we isolated an Aspergillus flavus spontaneous mutant that produced yellow conidia. The underlying genetic defect, a three-nucleotide in-frame deletion in the gene, AFLA_051390, that encodes a copper-transporting ATPase, was identified by a comparative genomics approach. This genetic association was confirmed by disruption of the wild-type gene. When yellow mutants were grown on medium supplemented with copper ions or chloride ions, green conidial color was partially and nearly completely restored, respectively. Further disruption of AFLA_045660, an orthologue of Aspergillus nidulans yA (yellow pigment) that encodes a multicopper oxidase, in wild type and a derived strain producing dark green conidia showed that it yielded mutants that produced gold conidia. The results placed formation of the gold pigment after that of the yellow pigment and before that of the dark green pigment. Using reported inhibitors of DHN-melanin (tricyclazole and phthalide) and DOPA-melanin (tropolone and kojic acid) pathways on a set of conidial color mutants, we investigated the involvement of melanin biosynthesis in A. flavus conidial pigment formation. Results imply that both pathways have no bearing on conidial pigment biosynthesis of A. flavus.
Expanding the donor pool for lung transplantation using HCV-positive donors.

Despite the increasing numbers of heart and lung transplants within the United States and worldwide and an increased awareness regarding organ donation, there remains a global shortage of donor organs. As a result, the waitlist mortality rate for lung transplantation is approximately 15.3% for all diagnoses in the United States despite introduction of the lung allocation score (1,2), and is higher among those patients listed in areas of low local lung availability (3).
BRAIN ABSCESS IN A NONFENESTRATED FONTAN PATIENT

Brain abscess is a rare cause of headache in pediatrics but can lead to severe impairment or even death if untreated. Abscesses form by direct inoculation or hematogenous spread of bacteria, and patients with palliated congenital heart disease are at increased risk since microbes may avoid the
Modeling the density gradient of 3D nanofiber scaffolds fabricated by divergence electrospinning

Following recent insights on structure-cell-function interactions and the critical role of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the latest biofabrication approaches have increasingly focused on designing materials with biomimetic microarchitecture. Divergence electrospinning is a novel fabrication method for three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber scaffolds. It is introduced to produce 3D nanofiber mats that have numerous applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. One of the most important characteristics of 3D nanofiber mats is the density gradient. This study provides a statistical analysis and response surface modeling framework based on experimental data to evaluate the manner by which the geometric designs of double-bevel collectors influence the fiber density gradient. Specifically, variance of analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to identify parameters that had significant effects, and a response surface model embedded with seven location indicators was developed to predict the spatial distribution of fiber density for different collector designs. It was concluded that the collector height, bevel angle, and their interactions were significant factors influencing the density gradient. This study revealed the sensitivity of system configuration and provided an optimization tool for process controllability of microstructure gradients.
Dielectric characterization of geochemical properties of liquid hydrocarbons from 25 °C to 125 °C

Abstract Complex permittivity measurements were conducted for four crude oils and a gas condensate at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 125 °C. The measurements were conducted using a liquid test fixture and results are reported for frequencies between 50 kHz and 5 MHz. Geochemical analyses were performed, and the main components of the liquid hydrocarbons were identified and, in the process, both the provenance and genesis of the crude oils were determined. Analysis of the permittivity measurements show that, within uncertainty, the real part of the dielectric permittivity spectra can be related back to the density (API), maturity, and secondary chemical alteration. The behavior of the imaginary part, although dominated by the conductivity, which is correlated to the asphaltene, metal, and aromatic content of the hydrocarbons studied, showed an interesting result that lead to the prediction of inseparable water, which was further verified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) measurements. In addition, results at 25 °C were combined with those obtained from two high accuracy, multipoint re-entrant resonant cavities for nine different frequencies between 170 MHz and 8.6 GHz. Results predict relaxation process between 5 MHz and 100 MHz, in agreement with the literature.
Body mass index (BMI) and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 among US veterans.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to examine the associations of BMI with testing positive for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and risk of adverse outcomes in a cohort of Veterans Affairs enrollees. METHOD: Adjusted relative risks/hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for the associations between BMI category (underweight, normal weight, overweight, class 1 obesity, class 2 obesity, and class 3 obesity) and testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 or experiencing hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and death among those testing positive. RESULTS: Higher BMI categories were associated with higher risk of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test compared with the normal weight category (class 3 obesity adjusted relative risk: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.28-1.42). Among 25,952 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, class 3 obesity was associated with higher risk of mechanical ventilation (adjusted HR [aHR]: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.35-2.32) and mortality (aHR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12-1.78) compared with normal weight individuals. These associations were present primarily in patients younger than 65 and were attenuated or absent in older age groups (interaction P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Veterans Affairs enrollees with higher BMI were more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were more likely to be mechanically ventilated or die if infected with SARS-CoV-2. Higher BMI contributed relatively more to the risk of death in those younger than 65 years of age as compared with other age categories.
Hypothetical and real consequences in experimental auctions for insurance against low‐probability risks

Laboratory experiments have provided useful information about how people behave in risky situations. In particular, such experiments have allowed for the observation of many deviations from the predictions of expected utility theory. There is some dispute, however, over the effect of the use of real versus hypothetical money in these experiments and over the impact of experience. In this paper we describe auction experiments in which subjects faced a low-probability risk with either hypothetical or real-money consequences and varying amounts of experience. Using hypothetical payoffs resulted in behavior that provides a reasonable qualitative prediction of behavior with real consequences, but that seems to indicate a less diligent altitude toward spending the money as well as less concern about the risk.
Asymptotic Stability of a Compressible Oseen-Structure Interaction via a Pointwise Resolvent Criterion

In this study, we consider a linearized compressible flow structure interaction PDE model for which the interaction interface is under the effect of material derivative term. While the linearization takes place around a constant pressure and density components in structure equation, the flow linearization is taken with respect to a non-zero, fixed, variable ambient vector field. This process produces extra "convective derivative" and "material derivative" terms which causes the coupled system to be nondissipative. We analyze the long time dynamics in the sense of asymptotic (strong) stability in an invariant subspace (one dimensional less) of the entire state space where the continuous semigroup is "\textit{uniformly bounded}". For this, we appeal to the pointwise resolvent condition introduced in \cite% {CT} which avoids many technical complexity and provides a very clean, short and easy-to-follow proof.
Multiscale Sensor Fusion for Display-Centered Head Tracking

Emerging display usage scenarios require head tracking both at short (< 1m) and modest (<3m) ranges. Yet it is difficult to find low-cost, unobtrusive tracking solutions that remain accurate across this range. By combining multiple head tracking solutions, we can mitigate the weaknesses of one solution with the strengths of another and improve head tracking overall. We built such a combination of two widely available and low-cost trackers, a Tobii Eye Tracker and a Kinect. The resulting system is more effective than Kinect at short range, and than the Tobii at a more distant range. In this paper, we discuss how we accomplish this sensor fusion and compare our combined system to an existing mechanical tracker to evaluate its accuracy across its combined range.
Anton 3: twenty microseconds of molecular dynamics simulation before lunch

Anton 3 is the newest member in a family of supercomputers specially designed for atomic-level simulation of molecules relevant to biology (e.g., DNA, proteins, and drug molecules). Anton 3 achieves order-of-magnitude improvements in time-to-solution over its predecessor, Anton 2 (the current state of the art), and is over 100-fold faster than any other currently available supercomputer, thereby enabling broad new avenues of research on critical questions in biology and drug discovery. This speedup means that a 512-node Anton 3 simulates a million atoms at over 100 microseconds per day. Furthermore, Anton 3 attains this performance while consuming an order of magnitude less energy per simulated microsecond than any other machine. Like its predecessors, Anton 3 was designed from the ground up around a new custom chip to best exploit the capabilities offered by new technologies. We present here the main architectural and algorithmic developments that were necessary to achieve such significant advances.
Jigsaw method improves learning and retention for observation-based undergraduate biology laboratory activities

Complementing biology lecture courses with laboratory sections is nearly universal at undergraduate institutions, yet many topics in biology do not easily lend themselves to experiment-based labora...
Evidence for Existence of Intramyocardial Steal

Intramyocardial steal is defined as a process in which blood flow is diverted away from one area of the myocardium to another or away from the heart altogether. There are three potential causes of coronary steal syndrome: 1) congenital or acquired anatomic coronary malformations, 2) coronary atherosclerotic obstructive disease, and 3) vasoactive pharmacologic interventions. There is angiographic and physiologic data to support the existence of coronary steals in patients with congenital coronary artery disease, (Talner et al, 1965) as well as iatrogenic coronary steals (Pierach et al, 1971 and Barman et al, 1973). Evidence for the presence of coronary steals in exercised patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) (Maseri et al, 1974 and Robertson et al, 1976) or pharmacologically induced steals in patients with IHD (Wilcken et al, 1971 and Utley et al, 1975) is scant and controversial (Rowe 1970). A reason for the controversy in this area is that indirect methods have been used to demonstrate coronary steals. The present report documents changes in directly measured myocardial oxygen tension that can be explained by the existence of a coronary steal phenomena.
Realización de la consonante oclusiva postvelar /q/ en el quechua del sur andino

El contenido de este articulo forma parte de un trabajo mas amplio en el que se estudia las variantes fonologicas del Quechua 11 Sureno, realizado en el marco del Proyecto Peru -Birf 11 para la expansion de la educacion bilingue (INIDE 1989), con la asesoria cientifica del Dr. Rodolfo Cerron-Palomino. El trabajo de campo se llevo a cabo en seis departamentos del llamado Trapecio Andino: Arequipa, Moquegua, Puno, Cuzco, Apurimac y Ayacucho. En esta Area geografica encontramos dos dialectos distintos, el "cuzqueno-puneno" y el "ayacuchano", ademas de zonas de transicion entre ambos en las que se atestigua el paso de un dialecto a otro como una especie de continuum. El corpus analizado se obtuvo principalmente mediante la recopilacion directa de la informacion, entrevistando a quechuahablantes en sus lugares de origen o en zonas cercanas donde se hallaban de paso.
Sphingolipids as Mediators of Breast Cancer Progression, Metastasis, Response and Resistance to Chemotherapy

Approximately 250,000 people are diagnosed with breast cancer and 40,000 people die from the disease annually in the United States. Significant effort has been put into developing a thorough understanding of the molecular and genetic events that contribute to tumor progression due to mounting evidence that breast cancers are driven by predictable and identifiable genetic mutations, Sphingolipids modulate many of the growth, apoptosis, inflammatory, and angiogenic pathways that breast carcinomas rely on. Recent work in the field of sphingolipidomics has identified many key roles for the sphingolipids in breast tumor progression and identified signaling roles in each of the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. For example, in luminal type tumors, increased expression of ceramide producing enzymes and high levels of complex sphingolipids are associated with poor outcomes and multi-drug resistance. In basal type breast tumors CERT and GCS play a role in resistance to taxanes suggesting that targeting these pathways may be an effective route for the treatment of aggressive triple negative tumors. The role of sphingolipids in Her2-like tumors has not been thoroughly studied. However, CERK has been identified as potential driver of Her2-like tumors. Clearly, sphingolipid signaling in tumor modulation is both complex and vital. By integrating sphingolipid signaling into the molecular characterization of breast tumors, new opportunities for targeted intervention are identified. It is increasingly apparent that modulating sphingolipid levels in tumors will be an effective and powerful method for the treatment of breast cancer.
Mechanisms of postecdysis-associated programmed cell death of peptidergic neurons in Drosophila melanogaster.

Crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP)-expressing neurons undergo programmed cell death (PCD) within 24 hours after adult eclosion. A subset of the doomed CCAP neurons in the ventral nerve cord also expressed the neuropeptide bursicon and thus are referred to as bursCCAP neurons. In this study, we undertook comprehensive genetic and transgenic analyses to dissect the PCD mechanisms of bursCCAP neurons. Expression of a versatile caspase inhibitor, p35, blocked PCD of bursCCAP neurons, suggesting caspase-dependent apoptosis. Further genetic analyses showed that Dronc/Dark and Drice are key caspases, but they are not sufficient to carry out the PCD fully. We did not find a role for other known caspases, Strica, Dredd, Damm, or Decay. Of interest, Dcp-1 is required not for the death of bursCCAP neurons per se but for the removal of neural projections. DIAP1 is an important survival factor that inhibits premature death of bursCCAP neurons. We found that grim functions as a principal death inducer, whereas other death genes, hid, reaper, and sickle, show no endogenous function. Taken together with other studies, our work supports the role of grim as a major death inducer particularly for the removal of obsolete larval neurons during CNS metamorphosis. Results from the ectopic expression of the mutant grim lacking either N-terminal IBM or internal GH3 domain indicated that both domains are necessary to induce CCAP cell death. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:3972–3991, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lightweight electrowetting display on ultra-thin glass substrate

Mobile display devices that use ultra-thin (≤100 µm) glass substrates offer a combination of attractive characteristics: lightweight, high quality device fabrication process, thermal and dimensional stability, and mechanical flexibility. Electrowetting (EW) devices fabricated on ultra-thin glass are demonstrated in this paper. Water contact angle, which is the most critical parameter of EW devices, changes from ~165° to 80° when a 20 V direct current (or alternating current) voltage is applied. EW devices on ultra-thin glass show negligible hysteresis (~2°) and fast switching time of ~10 ms. EW device operation is maintained when the glass substrate is mechanically flexed. These results indicate the promise of narrow profile EW devices on ultra-thin glass substrate for mobile and other devices, including video rate flexible electronic paper.
Currency, Competency, and Credibility: New Directions for Pediatric Continuing Education

One of the historic cornerstones of the American Academy of Pediatrics has been the development of educational programs designed to assure the highest quality of pediatric care. Although our commitment to this goal remains unwavering, changes in the manner in which pediatric care is—and will be—rendered demand that we constantly look for new and better ways to satisfy the educational needs of the membership. Toward that end, the Academy recently has embarked on a nationwide search for a director of the Department of Education at the Academy9s Elk Grove Village, IL, headquarters. A search committee comprised of Blair E. Batson, MD, Floyd W. Denny, Jr, MD, and Doris A. Howell, MD, has been appointed to pursue this effort.
Winter coastal movement of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon throughout northwest Florida and southeast Alabama

Summary In order to characterize distribution of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon in nearshore Gulf of Mexico (GOM) and compare distributions prior to and after hurricane activity, 187 Gulf sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) were tagged with acoustic transmitters in Ochlockonee, Apalachicola, Brothers, Choctawhatchee, Yellow, Blackwater and Escambia rivers to monitor marine movement along the GOM coastline from Florida (FL) to Alabama (AL). Nine juveniles (79–86 cm fork length, 3.4–5.2 kg), 22 sub-adults (91–126 cm fork length, 4.5–17.1 kg) and 156 adults (130–210 cm fork length, 14.9–75.2 kg) were tagged between 2003 and 2005 and acoustically monitored each year between January and April, 2004–2008. Of the 187 tagged Gulf sturgeon, 72 adults, one sub-adult and no juveniles were relocated in the GOM throughout the entire duration of monitoring between 2004 and 2008. Fish were relocated on average 1.5 km from shore in two very important foraging and over wintering areas, one of which is not currently protected under the critical habitat designation: Site A located geographically between Pensacola, FL and Gulf Shores, AL and Site B located between Mexico Beach, FL and Panama City Beach, FL. Sediment studies conducted concluded that substrate at Site A consisted of fine sand, shell and areas of silty mud and substrate at Site B consisted of shell hash and fine sand. Macro invertebrates, such as polychaetes: Hobsonia florida and Mediomastus ambiseta and mollusk: Ervillia concentric, all typical to the Gulf sturgeon diet, were present at both sites. Forty-three tagged adult Gulf sturgeon were relocated at Site A and 27 adults and one sub-adult were relocated at Site B, with two additional fish located in other areas. Individual fish movement in one direction ranged from 10 to 315 km each year. Several fish exited one river, over wintered in the GOM, and entered a different river. Identification of new, frequently used Gulf sturgeon habitat (Site A), outside of federally protected critical habitat, provided vital information that will aid in the future protection of coastal areas that support Gulf sturgeon during the winter and help with recovery efforts of the species.
Identification and cloning of the glnR locus, which is required for transcription of the glnA gene in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).

Six Streptomyces coelicolor mutants that required glutamine for growth at the wild-type rate on all nitrogen sources (Gln-) were isolated. The phenotypes of all six mutants were similar. The glutamine synthetase (GS) levels were 20- to 100-fold lower in extracts of the Gln- mutants than in extracts of their parents. The reduced levels of GS activity in the Gln- mutants were not due to adenylylation of the GS protein, because GS activity in Gln- extracts did not increase after snake venom phosphodiesterase treatment. No transcripts of the GS structural gene (glnA) could be detected in RNA isolated from the Gln- mutants in primer extension experiments. All six gln mutations mapped adjacent to adeA. S. coelicolor chromosomal DNA complementing the Gln- mutants was isolated from a library of S. coelicolor chromosomal DNA constructed in the low-copy-number S. coelicolor plasmid pIJ922. Subcloning experiments showed that a 1.45-kb DNA fragment could complement all six Gln- mutants. This DNA fragment did not hybridize with either the cloned S. coelicolor glnA gene or the cloned S. viridochromogenes GSII gene in Southern blots. Since glnA transcription was restored in the Gln- mutants containing the complementing DNA, the gln mutations appear to lie in one or more closely linked genes that are required for glnA transcription in S. coelicolor. Images
The Elementary Real Integral

The proof of the existence of the integral is best postponed until we have the language of normed vector spaces and uniform approximation. However, it is convenient to have the elementary integral available for examples, and exercises, and we need only know its properties, which can be conveniently summarized axiomatically.
Cohomology of polynomials under an irrational rotation

A new description of cohomology of functions under an irrational rotation is given in terms of symmetry properties of the functions on subintervals of [0, 1]. This description yields a method for passing information about the cohomology classes for a given irrational to the cohomology classes for an equivalent irrational.
Platinum-Induced Filamentous Growth in Escherichia coli

Certain group VIIIB transition metal compounds were found to inhibit cell division in Escherichia coli, causing marked filamentous growth. Gram-negative bacilli were the most sensitive to this effect, whereas gram-positive bacilli responded only at near-toxic levels of the metal. None of the cocci tested showed any apparent effect. Cytokinesis (cross-septation) can be initiated by removal or decrease of platinum, but not by treatment with pantoyl lactone, divalent cations, or a temperature of 42 C.
Smooth Coordination and Navigation for Multiple Differential-Drive Robots

Multiple independent robots sharing the workspace need to be able to navigate to their goals while avoiding collisions with each other. In this paper, we describe and evaluate two algorithms for smooth and collision-free navigation for multiple independent differential-drive robots.We extend reciprocal collision avoidance algorithms based on velocity obstacles and on acceleration-velocity obstacles. We implement bothmethods on multiple iRobot Create differential-drive robots, and report on the quality and ability of the robots using the two algorithms to navigate to their goals in a smooth and collision-free manner.
Examining data sharing and data reuse in the dataone environment

The Data Observation Network for Earth (DataONE), a U.S. NSF DataNet Partner, seeks to provide cyberinfrastructure for “open, persistent, robust, and secure access to…earth science observational data”. Scientists participating in DataONE are able to deposit, search, and reuse data available through various DataONE tools. The research presented in this poster-paper reports on two studies examining data sharing and reuse in the DataONE environment. The two studies include 1) a profiling data assessment that examines the data and metadata being deposited into the DataONE system for data sharing, and 2) a pilot think-aloud study that examines what factors influence decisions regarding data reuse. From the profiling data assessment, preliminary results indicate that data being deposited into the DataONE for sharing have three specific types of metadata available including a) dataset, b) access, and c) additional metadata. Results also indicated that there is variation regarding the robustness and completeness of information. Additionally, through the think-aloud study results indicated that particular aspects the metadata information was useful for decision-making regarding reuse of data for scientists, while other metadata aspects were described as not useful. The results section provide specific details of these findings and demonstrate how these two studies examine both data sharing and reuse within the DataONE environment.
MUTATION IN CONTINUOUS CULTURES III. Mutational Responses in Escherichia coli

Kubitschek, H. E. (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill.), and Lynn A. Gustafson. Mutation in continuous cultures. III. Mutational responses in Escherichia coli . J. Bacteriol. 88: 1595–1597. 1964.—In continuous cultures of Escherichia coli K-12-W6 in minimal media, the growth rate dependence of the rate of mutation to resistance to bacteriophage T 5 depended upon the nutrient factor used to limit growth. In glucose-limited cultures, caffeine-induced mutation rates were predominantly proportional to generation rate. However, in cultures limited with the required amino acid, methionine, mutation rates appeared to be independent of generation rate, both for caffeineinduced and for spontaneous mutation. These mutational responses agree with those found earlier in tryptophan auxotrophs of E. coli B, suggesting that constancy of mutation occurs when growth is limited with a required amino acid. Since these two kinds of strains differ in their control of ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis, these results show that the RNA-control locus does not affect the mutational response.
60 GHz antennas in package for portable applications

This paper presents a low-cost antenna-in-package (AiP) design that supports broadside and end-fire direction radiation suitable for future 60 GHz portable applications. The package is based on multilayer organic technology, so it can be fabricated by PCB manufacturers.
First Report of Phytophthora cinnamomi on Ilex glabra in Virginia

During 2002, two nurseries in southeastern Virginia reported losses exceeding 75% of container-grown inkberry holly (Ilex glabra) cv. Shamrock. The development of necrotic leaf spots and blotches followed initial symptoms of leaf yellowing and wilting. Affected leaves rapidly turned brown and fell. Dark brown-to-black roots were washed and plated on agar media. Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands was consistently isolated and identified on the basis of its morphology (2) and single-stranded conformational polymorphism fingerprint (1). The organism had nonpapillate, internally proliferating, noncaducous, ovoid to ellipsoid sporangia that formed only in water. It did not grow at 35°C and had abundant botryose hyphal swellings, coralloid hyphae, and grape-like clusters of chlamydospores. The isolate, determined to be the A2 mating type, produced elongate cylindrical, amphigynous antheridia and oogonia with a tapered base. A pine bark potting mix amended with V8 juicetreated vermiculite colonized by the suspected pathogen was placed in 12-liter containers. Two inkberry holly cv. Shamrock liners were planted in each of three containers and two 1-yr-old plants were planted in each of three additional containers during April 2004. An identical set of six containers of noninoculated plants was also established. During June 2004, inoculated plants exhibited symptoms identical to those observed in nurseries, and P. cinnamomi was isolated. Noninoculated check plants did not develop symptoms. Japanese holly (I. crenata) was previously known as a host, but to our knowledge, this is the first report of inkberry holly (I. glabra) susceptibility. References: (1) P. Kong et al. Fungal Genet. Biol. 39:238, 2003. (2) D. J. Stamps et al. Mycol. Pap. No. 162. CAB International Mycological Institute, Wallingford, UK, 1990.
Distributed Online Learning in Social Recommender Systems

In this paper, we consider decentralized sequential decision making in distributed online recommender systems, where items are recommended to users based on their search query as well as their specific background including history of bought items, gender and age, all of which comprise the context information of the user. In contrast to centralized recommender systems, in which there is a single centralized seller who has access to the complete inventory of items as well as the complete record of sales and user information, in decentralized recommender systems each seller/learner only has access to the inventory of items and user information for its own products and not the products and user information of other sellers, but can get commission if it sells an item of another seller. Therefore, the sellers must distributedly find out for an incoming user which items to recommend (from the set of own items or items of another seller), in order to maximize the revenue from own sales and commissions. We formulate this problem as a cooperative contextual bandit problem, analytically bound the performance of the sellers compared to the best recommendation strategy given the complete realization of user arrivals and the inventory of items, as well as the context-dependent purchase probabilities of each item, and verify our results via numerical examples on a distributed data set adapted based on Amazon data. We evaluate the dependence of the performance of a seller on the inventory of items the seller has, the number of connections it has with the other sellers, and the commissions which the seller gets by selling items of other sellers to its users.
CRITICAL ISSUES IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF MAGNETO-OPTIC MEDIA

Applications of time domain testing techniques which permit characterization of the media contributions to the performance of an MO channel are discussed; including both small (μm) scale phenomena appropriate to recording physics studies, and, larger (mm) scale phenomena appropriate to disk mapping and uniformity studies. Recording physics studies are described wherein the components of timing shifts in the channel due to properties of the media are characterized in terms of thermal, optical, and, magnetic crosstalk contributions. In this context laser power precompensation of edge positions is characterized. Timing jitters in the channel due to the properties of the media are characterized in terms of the noise contributions which limit performance, such as media and writing noises which scale linearly in the read power. Disk mapping studies are described wherein a software bit-error rate mapping technique is used to measure and characterize media defects.
The Double-Bind Theory Some Current Implications for Child Psychiatry

Abstract The behavioral-interactional view of problems in the original statement of the double-bind theory is outlined, and the broad significance of this viewpoint for treatment is discussed. Recent emphasis on the cybernetic causal model is noted, and its implications for family therapy in general and for child-centered problems in particular are reviewed. A case example of brief treatment of hyperactivity based on this approach is described.
Morphine stimulates adrenocorticotropin and cortisol release in the late-term ovine fetus.

Opiates are widely used as obstetrical analgesics during pregnancy and, as such, their interactions with the fetal endocrine system may have important consequences. In this study, the effects of morphine administration to fetal sheep in utero on fetal plasma immunoreactive (ir)-ACTH and ir-cortisol were examined. At the lowest dose administered (0.6 mg/h, i.v.) morphine reduced, although not significantly, plasma ir-cortisol levels. A dose-dependent stimulation of cortisol release was observed with higher doses of morphine. Doses of 2.5 and 5.0 mg/h morphine resulted in a significant increase in ir-cortisol with a change from control levels equal to 9.6± 1.1 ng/mL (p = 0.03) and 17.6 ± 5.1 ng/mL(p = 0.03), respectively. This increase in plasma ir-cortisol was associated with a significant increase in ir-ACTH (111.8 ± 23.2 pg/mL versus 42.8 ± 5.1 pg/mL; p = 0.02) that was naloxone-reversible. These effects of morphine were observed in fetal lambs only >125 d of gestation, suggesting a maturation of functional opioid receptors in the ovine fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after this time.