cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The influence of social support on AIDS-related grief reaction among gay men.

Abstract This paper examines the relationships between instrumental and emotional social support and the experience of grief reaction in a sample of 180 gay men who had lost a lover or close friend to AIDS during the first 5 years of the epidemic. Structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted in mid-1985. Grief reaction was assessed through a newly developed 12-item scale (alpha = 0.85). Availability and adequacy of instrumental and emotional support were assessed with reference to the tasks of caretaking and emotional pain experienced during the lover's or close friend's illness with AIDS. The findings indicate that gay men who lost a lover or close friend to AIDS experienced symptoms of grief similar to those reported in studies of bereaved spouses and parents. The intensity of these grief reactions appears to be influenced by a number of factors. First, more intense grief reactions were observed among those who had taken care of their lover or close friend during his illness compared with those who did not act as caretakers. Second, while the simple availability of instrumental and emotional support was unrelated to grief reactions, the perceived adequacy of both types of support was strongly related to the level of grief. Respondents who had received inadequate help with caretaking responsibilities experienced more intense symptoms of grief subsequent to the death compared with those who reported receiving adequate caretaking support. Similarly, respondents who did not obtain adequate emotional support for the pain they experienced during the course of the illness reported more intense symptoms of grief compared with those who felt they had received adequate support. These findings are discussed with reference to their implications for informal and formal helping networks, and the critical role of providing ‘care for the caregiver’ in both professional and non-professional settings involved with the care of individuals with AIDS.
Abortion, death, and the sanctity of life

Abstract The moral problems raised by issues involving the preservation and termination of life are discussed and the importance of reconciling moral values with modern medical discoveries is examined.
Anthropological and Sociological Studies On The Arabs in Israel: A Critique

(1977). Anthropological and Sociological Studies On The Arabs in Israel: A Critique. Journal of Palestine Studies: Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 41-70.
Relative rates and approximate rate constants for inter- and intramolecular hydrogen transfer reactions of polymer-bound radicals

Measurements of relative rates and rate constants for inter- and intramolecular hydrogen transfer reactions of polymer-bound radicals are reported. The relative rate of reaction of resin-bound primary alkyl radical with tributyltin hydride is about 2 times slower than that of the benchmark reaction in solution. The data do not reveal whether this is due to a reduced rate constant or a lower concentration of tin hydride in the resin phase. Yet the difference between solid and solution reactions is small enough to be neglected, and it appears that rate constants measured in solution can be applied directly to resin-bound radicals. A resin-bound aryl radical abstracts a hydrogen atom rapidly (k = 3 x 10(6) s(-1)) from its own polymer backbone and linker, and a simplified view of the resin as a "solvent" is suggested for predicting such effects with other polymers and linkers. Rapid cyclizations of resin-bound aryl radicals will be possible, but slower cyclizations and most bimolecular reactions will be difficult due to the competing polymer/linker hydrogen transfer.
Comparing acceleration techniques for the dixon and macaulay resultants (abstract only)

The Bezout-Dixon resultant method for solving systems of polynomial equations lends itself to various heuristic acceleration techniques, previously reported by the present author [6], which can be extraordinarily effective. In this paper we will discuss how well these techniques apply to the Macaulay resultant. In brief, we find that they do work there with some difficulties, but the Dixon method is greatly superior. That they work at all is surprising and begs theoretical explanation.
Poisson's ratio for a polyelectrolyte

Poisson's ratio σ in linear elasticity theory is the ratio of the transverse compression of a rod to its longitudinal extension. For common macroscopic materials, σ is a positive quantity, implying that the rod becomes thinner when stretched. If the rod is a polyelectrolyte that bears a charge density above the threshold for counterion condensation, then the condensed layer of counterions should be regarded as an integral part of the rod. We show on a simple model that Poisson's ratio is then negative for high charge densities. For the charge density characteristic of DNA, the negative value found for σ is in approximate agreement with the negative value inferred from measurements of the bending and twisting moduli of DNA.
A convolution algorithm for calculating coefficients of jensen's bivariate f distribution

An algorithm for computing probabilities from Jensen's Bivariate F Distribution was given by McAllister, Lee and Holland (1981). One portion of their algorithm involves the calculation of coefficients that require summing over all nonnegative integer partitions of 0,1,2,…,N of size r. Presented here is an alternative method for generating the coefficients by successive convolutions which significantly reduces computation time.
Cooked color in high pH beef patties as related to fat content and cooking from the frozen or thawed state

Beef patties were processed from high pH (>6.0) beef to contain 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25% fat. Patties were cooked to 71°C from the frozen or thawed state before evaluating color. Neither fat content nor state of patties when cooked exerted any major influence on color, but linear effects (P<0.01) in association with increased fat content included higher L * values and hue angles and lower a * values (15.2% reduction). Higher values for L * , b * (but not for 5% fat patties), and hue angles were observed for patties cooked thawed rather than frozen. The use of high pH beef lessened the effects of increased fat and cooking from the thawed state on increased brown color in cooked patties.
Finite element analysis of tube inward curling process by conical dies

Abstract This paper combines the volume incompressible condition, Levy-Mises equation, and die profile description, to examine whether inward curling really takes place or not, and how much influence die angle, tube size (initial thickness/initial mean diameter of tube) and material property has on inward curling mode. When a cylindrical guide is used to prevent a tube from outward buckling, tubes can be inward-curled for the die angle below the critical one of 123°. An elasto-plastic finite-element method using updated Lagrangian formulation is developed to investigate the deformation behavior of tube end. The high non-linearity of the process was taken into account in an incremental manner and extended γ min technique was used to limit the size of each increment within a linear relation. The frictional force in the contact region between the tube and the tools is computed by the application of Coulomb's friction law. Tube inward curling predicted by FEM also shows the same trend as the experimental results. Moreover, the analytical expressions can provide a good reference guide for the tube inward curling forming in the industrial sector.
Collaborative Sensemaking Support: Progressing From Portals and Tools to Collaboration Envelopes™

Sensemaking involves incomplete discovery, inaccurate interpretation, and imperfect action that will fail in someway and likely alter the situation in some unknowable way. Sensemaking demands intense, deep collaboration with participating agents, who many times are physically distributed and come from different groups and organizations. Incorporating collaboration functionality in a piecemeal approach in different ways as add-ons within a portal-based architecture can place heavy demands on users to learn, organizations to train, and ultimately limit the potential of collaboration technology to achieve organizational goals. It is proposed that individual and group sensemaking is a better starting point from which to build architectures to mitigate socio-cognitive limitations of participating agents collaborating to make sense of things. Three levels of Collaboration Envelopesâ„¢ are presented and architectural considerations presented to guide development of technology to better support collaborative sensemaking.
The effect of temperature on the conversion of proinsulin in cod, Gadus morhua

1. 1.|The conversion of cod proinsulin to insulin was found to be temperature sensitive. 2. 2.|At 15°C, both the synthesis of cod proinsulin and its conversion to insulin occurred. However, at 5°C, only the synthesis of proinsulin could be demonstrated. 3. 3.|Islets from cold-acclimated fish exhibit significant converting enzyme(s) activity when assayed at 15°C in vitro.
On the group ring of a finite abelian group

The group ring of a finite abelian group G over the field of rational numbers Q and over the rational integers Z is studied. A new proof of the fact that the group ring QG is a direct sum of cyclotomic fields is given – without use of the Maschke and Wedderburn theorems; it is shown that the projections of QG onto these fields are determined by the inequivalent characters of G. It is proved that the group of units of ZG is a direct product of a finite group and a free abelian group F and the rank of F is determined. A formula for the orthogonal idempotents of QG is found.
Reassessing the Rise of Mexico's Virgin of Guadalupe, 1650s–1780s

By examining the cult of saints in Mexico City from the 1650s to the 1780s, the article reinterprets the rise of Mexico's Virgin of Guadalupe. Archival evidence from the city council and current-events chroniclers show that creole patriotism accounted for little of the growth in the cult of Guadalupe until the 1760s. Far more important were demands for supernatural wonders, shifts in the specialties of leading saints, and promotion by colonial officials. Judging from this revised history of the devotion to Guadalupe the origins of Mexican nationality more appropriately lie in the late colonial period. Por medio de un analisis del culto de los santos en la ciudad de Mexico de la decada de 1650 a la de 1780, este articulo reinterpreta el ascensode la Virgen de Guadalupe de Mexico. La evidencia que dan los archivos del ayuntamiento de la ciudad y los cronistas contemporaneos de los acontecimientos muestran que el patriotismo criollo dio poca cuenta del crecimiento del culto a la Guadalupe hasta la decada de 1760. Resultaban mucho mas importantes los pedidos de maravillas sobrenaturales, los cambios en las especialidades de los principales santos, y la promocion por parte de los funcionarios coloniales. A juzgar por esta revision de la historia de la devocion a la Guadalupe, los origenes de la nacionalidad mexicana radican mas propiamente en la ultima fase del periodo colonial.
Scar Revision and Camouflage

Despite meticulous planning and technique, suboptimal scars will occur even in the hands of the best surgeons. Skills in scar revision, therefore, are essential to any surgeon’s armamentarium. Preoperatively, patients should be informed that secondary revisions and several stages are always possible, if not probable, with complex reconstructions. An accurate assessment of the scar is a critical first step. In doing so, one should realize that what is wrong to the surgeon may not mirror what is wrong to the patient. Although patient preferences are of utmost importance, they must be balanced with objective findings and what is realistically achievable. Patients must understand that revision procedures are always more difficult and carry no guarantee. This chapter will focus on the range of options for scar revision and its application to surgically induced wounds. Traumatic, inflammatory, and burn scar revisions will not be addressed, although the concepts that will be discussed in this chapter are broadly applicable to scar revision surgery despite the initiating event.
Deranged Loners and Demented Outsiders? Therapeutic News Frames of Presidential Assassination Attempts, 1973–2001

There were 7 assassination attempts on U.S. presidents between 1973 and 2001. In this article, we critically examine coverage of each attack in The New York Times and The Washington Post , describing how the coverage employs therapeutic discourse frames that position the president as vulnerable and portray the attackers as lonely and demented outsiders. Noticing contradictions in this pattern, we also identify counter-frames, including those acknowledging the political motivations of the assassins, the diminished public sphere that is a context for those actions, and the contradictions in a legal system that denies the insanity pleas of those framed so extensively as mentally ill. Political science, psychology, and law enforcement researchers have recognized that assassination attempts are often driven by rational political and economic concerns. Our analysis thus points to the need for further research exploring therapeutic framing techniques of other instances of political violence that may discourage the public from thinking critically about protest, violence, and tragedy in the United States.
SIDS — a developmental neurological perspective

Most SIDS deaths occur between 2 and 4 months of age. Neural transformations may be important in SIDS. Evidence of delayed myelination has been found in SIDS victims. However a simple neuro-developmental model is insufficient to explain SIDS. The age of death profile is reportedly similar for pre-term and full-term SIDS victims. Another developmental change is that IgG levels are lowest when SIDS risk peaks, and there is data linking SIDS and infections. Prone position may also increase risk. While a developmental model emphasizing neural transformation is useful, other factors affect risk also.
Control of a Mobile Robot Subject to Wheel Slip

Wheel slip is inevitable when a Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR) is moving at a high speed or on a slippery surface. In particular, when neither lateral nor longitudinal slips can be ignored in the dynamic model, a WMR becomes an under-actuated nonlinear dynamic system. To study the maneuverability of a WMR in such a realistic environment, we model the overall WMR dynamics subject to wheel slip and propose control algorithms in regulation control and turning control tasks for the WMR. In regulation control, a time-invariant discontinuous feedback law is developed to asymptotically stabilize the system to the desired configuration with exponential convergence rate. In turning control, a sliding mode-based extremum seeking control technique is applied to achieve stable and sharp turning. Simulation results are presented to validate the theoretical results.
Effect of tissue plasminogen activator on vascular smooth muscle cells

Objective Engineered overexpression of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in vascular cells has been proposed as a means to decrease intravascular thrombosis; however, tPA gene transfer has augmented intimal hyperplasia in vivo in some studies. The purpose of this study was to define in vitro the effect of tPA gene transfer on smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Methods Human SMCs were retrovirally transduced with the tPA gene (SMCs/tPA). Results In the absence of plasminogen, no statistical differences in proliferation, migration, and morphology were observed between SMCs/tPA and SMCs. In the presence of plasminogen, many differences became apparent. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activation was 10-fold higher in SMCs/tPA than in SMCs. This activation was inhibited by aprotinin, a plasmin inhibitor. Collagen degradation increased sevenfold in SMCs/tPA. SMCs/tPA contracted dramatically in the presence of plasminogen. This cell contraction, indicative of extracellular matrix degradation, was blocked by aprotinin and partially inhibited by MMP inhibitors. SMC/tPA-conditioned medium induced significantly more SMC proliferation. The migration of SMCs/tPA through a porous membrane significantly exceeded untransduced SMCs. Conclusions Over-expression of tPA in SMCs results in increased extracellular matrix degradation and can promote cell proliferation and migration. This effect is mediated via plasmin, which further activates MMP-2. Clinical Relevance TPA has been clinically used as a thrombolytic agent in the treatment of acute thrombotic disorders. Transferring the tPA gene into vascular cells as a strategy of gene therapy has been proposed to enhance fibrinolytic capability and therefore inhibit thrombosis and restenosis after vascular interventions. The mechanism(s) by which tPA affects SMC proliferation and vascular remodeling has not been thoroughly characterized. This study unveils the relationship between thrombolytic activity and intimal hyperplasia by showing how the elevated expression of tPA affects the vascular remodeling. This study underscores that the overexpression of an enzyme thought beneficial to blood flow can potentially compromise blood flow by altering the biology of the cell engineered to express it. The results are important to the rational engineering of bioactive grafts with better patency. A new strategy to enhance the thrombolytic ability of a vascular surface without inducing excessive neointimal hyperplasia is proposed.
Vegetation Change in Salt Marshes of Cape Cod National Seashore (Massachusetts, USA) Between 1984 and 2013

Vegetation patterns in salt marshes are largely based on elevation in relation to tidal flooding. In New England salt marshes, vegetation is distinctly zoned into species that occur in the high marsh (elevations above mean high tide) vs. those that reside in the low marsh (elevations below mean high tide). The extent and distribution of these species is responsive to changes in hydrology, particularly sea level rise. In this study, six salt marshes within Cape Cod National Seashore (CCNS) were analyzed using a GIS-based mapping approach that utilized aerial images from 1984 and 2013. The results indicate that there have been highly variable amounts of change among marshes. There have been substantial losses of high marsh vegetation (>190 acres in total), while low marsh vegetation has exhibited large gains in some marshes and relatively minor losses in others with a total net gain of >131 acres. Because sea level rise appears to be outpacing vertical accretion, higher water levels in the near future could result in large vegetation shifts, which would translate to significant changes in marsh structure and function.
Weighing the care : physicians' reactions to the size of a patient

OBJECTIVE: To examine how the weight of a patient affects both the attitudes that physicians hold as well as the treatments that they intend to prescribe. DESIGN: In a six-cell randomized design, physicians evaluated a medical chart of a male or female patient, depicted as either average weight, overweight or obese, who presented with a migraine headache. SUBJECTS: A total of 122 physicians affiliated with one of three hospitals located in the Texas Medical Center of Houston completed the experiment. MEASUREMENTS: Using a standard medical procedure form, physicians indicated how long they would spend with the patient and which of 41 medical tests and procedures they would conduct. They also indicated their affective and behavioral reactions to the patient. RESULTS: The weight of a patient significantly affected how physicians viewed and treated them. Although physicians prescribed more tests for heavier patients, F(2, 107)=3.65, P<0.03, they simultaneously indicated that they would spend less time with them, F(2, 107)=8.38, P<0.001, and viewed them significantly more negatively on 12 of the 13 indices. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that physicians continue to play an influential role in lowering the quality of healthcare that overweight and obese patients receive. As the girth of America continues to increase, continued research and improvements in the quality of such healthcare deserve attention.
Variations Among Regions and Hospitals in Managing Chronic Illness: How Much Care Is Enough?

Classic epidemiology looks at what happens to people who live in a defined region over time. For example, birth rate, the number of births that occur among populations over a year, is a common statistics that we're all familiar with. Since the early 1990s we have conducted research at Dartmouth Medical School to convert that classic epidemiologic perspective into looking at what is happening in terms of the health care system itself. We ask how much care people are getting in different regions of the country. We want to know the patterns of that care. And we want to get into the causes of so-called unwarranted variation, that is, differences that cannot be explained on the basis of patient illness, the dictates of scientific medicine, or the preferences of patients. Those three key words - illness, preference, and science - ultimately don't explain very much of the variation we see. We began the Dartmouth Atlas Project in 1993 as a study of health care markets in the United States, measuring variations in health care resources and their utilization among geographic areas. In recent years, we have expanded our research agenda to include the resources and utilization among patients at specific hospitals. We use very large claims databases from the Medicare program and other sources to define where people go for medical care, what kind of care they receive, and whether increasing investments in health care resources and their use result in better health outcomes.
Excitation of normal modes by non-linear interaction of ocean waves

SUMMARY Recent development in seismology has shown that seismic noise is a useful source of Earth structure study. Non-linear interaction of ocean waves is considered to be one of the important causes for seismic noise, although source locations and detailed mechanisms are not clear yet. In order to improve our understanding of this mechanism quantitatively, we derive a normal-mode excitation formula due to this effect. Longuet-Higgins' pressure formula naturally comes out from the vertical forcing term in the excitation coefficient. A novel aspect of our formula is the horizontal forcing term that becomes comparable to the vertical forcing term for frequencies below about 5 mHz (millihertz), especially in shallow oceans. This term is not likely to be important for microseisms because the main frequency range of microseisms is about 0.05–0.4 Hz but it may make significant contributions to the excitation of the continuous background oscillations (the hum) whose frequency range is 2–7 mHz.
Determination of Fission Product Background in the Gamma Coincidence Technique for U238 Activation Measurements

The U neutron capture rate is usually measured in fuels by counting the activity of 2.3-day Np/sup 239/. A method is usually used which consists of counting the coincidence between two photons in the neighborhood of 105 kev. But with this technique there is a significant fraction F of the true coincidence counting rate due to U/sup 235/ fission product decay. A method is described for measuring F. Two U samples of different enrichments were irradiated in a thermal spectrum and F was calculated from counting rates. (W.D.M.)
Quantitative correlation of plasma and myocardial quinidine concentrations with biochemical and electrocardiographic changes.

Abstract Quinidine sulfate and quinidine gluconate were infused intravenously in dogs in order to correlate plasma quinidine levels with atrial, ventricular, and skeletal muscle concentrations, ECG changes, and cardiac enzyme activities. Atrial, ventricular, and gastrocnemius muscle quinidine concentrations showed a linear relationship to plasma quinidine concentration throughout the infusion, although the gastrocnemius concentration was only one-tenth that of ventricular muscle. The rate of quinidine absorption by the ventricle was more rapid when quinidine was administered as the sulfate than as the gluconate; however, the rate of quinidine absorption by either the atrium or skelelal muscle was independent of its conjugated form. Quinidine, only as the sulfate conjugate, depressed the oxidative enzymes of the cardiac mitochondria and myosin ATPase, perhaps because of the increased absorption rate of quinidine sulfate by the ventricle. Quinidine-induced ECG changes (except increase in P-R interval) and heart rate changes were all linearly related to plasma quinidine concentrations and were independent of the quinidine conjugate infused.
Artistic Expression in Teaching‐Learning

The use of art to enhance teaching-learning in nursing has proven beneficial in the past. While there are variety of methods to utilize art in education that exist, the author discusses artistic expression, as described by the humanbecoming school of thought, being used for the first time during the final term of the senior year for nursing students. This artistic expression was part of a variety of assignments connected to the students' preceptor experiences. The author in this column demonstrates a profound coming to know and personal enlightenment through a reflective process that accentuates the importance of not only allowing, but encouraging creativity throughout a nursing curriculum.
A quantitative model of the ensilage process in lactate silages

A model of the ensilage process is presented which can be used to predict silage quality in lactate silages. The model simulates the major microbial and biochemical processes during ensilage, including aerobic respiration, hydrolysis of hemicellulose. growth and death of lactic acid bacteria and their production of lactic and acetic acids, reduction in pH, change in soluble sugar content, increase in osmotic potential, and proteolysis. The model is designed to operate on mixtures of grasses, legumes, or whole-plant corn. Parameters for the model are developed from published silage experiments and pure-culture bacterial studies. The model gives reasonably accurate predictions of key silage quality parameters, but further experimental work is needed on growth of lactic acid bacteria and on plant-enzyme proteolysis. Predicted final pH depends primarily on the pH at which bacterial growth and death rates are equal. Initial bacterial concentration affects the time to rapid pH change, while maximum bacterial growth rate affects the rate of decline thereafter.
MEDLARS: report on the evaluation of its operating efficiency

A comprehensive program to evaluate the performance of MEDLARS was conducted by the National Library of Medicine in 1966 and 1967. This report describes the methodology used and presents a summary of the principal results, conclusions, and recommendations.
Urodele Limb Regeneration: Mechanisms of Blastema Formation and Growth

Urodele salamander limbs regenerate by the accumulation of undifferentiated cells under an apically thickened wound epidermis to form a blastema that grows and redifferentiates into the missing limb parts. Successful regeneration requires several early signals generated within seconds to hours after amputation. The initial accumulation of blastema cells forms largely in the absence of mitosis, after which the cells proliferate rapidly. The accumulation and proliferation of blastema cells is dependent on both nerves and apical epidermis. The nerves and epidermis are linked in a circuit in which nerve axons induce the apical epidermis to make and secrete a mitogen, the anterior gradient protein (AGP), which binds to its receptor Prod1 on the blastema cell surface. Dependence of the epidermis on the nerve for AGP production during regeneration arises during late stages of limb bud development as axons innervate the epidermis, but aneurogenic limbs never acquire axon dependence for the production of AGP after amputation.
Hypergraph visualization and enrichment statistics: how the EGAN paradigm facilitates organic discovery from big data

The EGAN software is a functional implementation of a simple yet powerful paradigm for exploration of large empirical data sets downstream from computational analysis. By focusing on systems-level analysis via enrichment statistics, EGAN enables a human domain expert to transform high-throughput analysis results into hypergraph visualizations: concept maps that leverage the expert's semantic understanding of metadata and relationships to produce insight.
Natural solar photolysis of total organic chlorine, bromine and iodine in water

Abstract Municipal wastewater has been increasingly used to augment drinking water supplies due to the growing water scarcity. Wastewater-derived disinfection byproducts (DBPs) may negatively affect the aquatic ecosystems and human health of downstream communities during water reuse. The objective of this research was to determine the degradation kinetics of total organic chlorine (TOCl), bromine (TOBr) and iodine (TOI) in water by natural sunlight irradiation. Outdoor solar photolysis experiments were performed to investigate photolytic degradation of the total organic halogen (TOX) formed by fulvic acid and real water and wastewater samples. The results showed that TOX degradation by sunlight irradiation followed the first-order kinetics with half-lives in the range of 2.6–10.7 h for different TOX compounds produced by fulvic acid. The TOX degradation rates were generally in the order of TOI > TOBr ≅ TOCl(NH2Cl) > TOCl(Cl2). High molecular weight TOX was more susceptible to solar photolysis than corresponding low molecular weight halogenated compounds. The nitrate and sulfite induced indirect TOX photolysis rates were less than 50% of the direct photolysis rates under the conditions of this study. Fulvic acid and turbidity in water reduced TOX photodegradation. These results contribute to a better understanding of the fate of chlorinated, brominated and iodinated DBPs in surface waters.
Spirituality and quality of life among caregivers of advanced cancer patients.

9559 Background: Religion and/or spirituality (R/S) is important to most advanced cancer patients, and often upholds patient quality of life (QoL) within illness. However, the role of R/S within th...
Staged, Guided Laser-Plasma Accelerators Towards Thomson Photon Sources and High Energy Physics

Experiments characterize two high-gradient laser-plasma accelerators in series, each powered by a separate laser pulse, with application to deceleration for compact high energy photon sources and to high energy future particle physics colliders.
RESEARCH ON A TERNARY COMPOUND T_1 AT THE LOW Nd SIDE IN THE Mg-Zn-Nd ALLOY

The structure,composition range and phase equilibrium of a ternary compound T_1 at the low Nd side in the Mg-Zn-Nd system have been investigated by SEM,EPMA,XRD and TEM.It has been shown that a ternary compound T_1 with the hexagonal structure,a=b=1.5 nm and c=0.87 nm,exists at the low Nd side in the Mg-Zn-Nd system.The composition range(atomic fractiom,%)of T_1 phase is Mg 27.0-33.4,Zn 60.2-66.4 and Nd 6.1-7.4.At the temperature range of 300-400℃,there exists theα-Mg+T_1 two phase field,and the Zn content inα-Mg increases with increasing temperature.The three-phase fields T_1+α-Mg+MgZn,T_1+MgZn+L and T_1+Mg_2Zn_3+L exist at 300,350 and 400℃,respectively.
Direct Percutaneous Pouch Cystostomy with Endoscopic Lithotripsy for Calculus in a Continent Urinary Reservoir

AbstractContinent urinary reservoirs are an accepted mode of urinary diversion in appropriate patients. Such procedures are associated with long-term complications. A patient who underwent a continent urinary diversion (modified Indiana pouch) 4 years ago for a neurogenic bladder presented with a large irregular calculus in the pouch. Endoscopic attempts to remove the calculus through the stoma were unsuccessful and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy failed to fragment the pouch calculus. Finally, an endoscopic approach through a direct percutaneous pouch cystostomy, and use of ultrasonic and electrohydraulic probes resulted in successful fragmentation and removal of the calculus.
Research of Process Monitoring and Fault Trace System for Annealing Furnace of Hot-Dip Galvanizing Line

Annealing furnace is the key equipment of hot galvanizing production line. Process monitoring and fault trace for annealing furnace is quite essential for its essential influence on the product quality. In view of the complex annealing process and the nonlinear relationship between the fault reasons and symptoms, nonlinear methods kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is used to monitor the condition and support vector machine (SVM) is used for fault trace. Method based on data reconstruction is used to distinguish the fault variables. Depending on the monitoring method, simulation study for annealing furnace of galvanizing line is conducted. This method proposed is proved usable through results of the simulation experiments.
Quality of service assurance-based auction for spectrum sharing systems

Spectrum sharing has emerged as a promising solution to address the radio frequency spectrum bottleneck. The FCC has recently proposed a spectrum sharing framework that introduces a spectrum access system as the governing entity that manages access to spectrum for primary and secondary users to coexist. An important aspect of dynamic spectrum management is the pricing of spectrum from the perspective of both the primary and secondary users. Existing auction-based spectrum sharing models do not take into consideration an important aspect of successful secondary user operation: the duration of the available spectrum opportunity. In this paper we propose an auction-based spectrum sharing framework that statistically accounts for the accuracy of the estimates of spectrum availability duration. The proposed auctioning process allows both the PU and the SU to iteratively adjust their evaluation about the available spectrum opportunities over time and to achieve a price combination that maximizes their objectives. A method is proposed to statistically assure spectrum availability, supplementing the reporting method. Hidden Markov models and non-stationary hidden Markov models are used to estimate the activity of the spectrum, with simulation results showing high prediction accuracy.
Extensions for Monte-Carlo Pricing and Calibration

Faithful to the theme of the book, the previous sections 11 and 12 have fo- cused on scenario-based pricing of portfolios of vanilla, barrier and American options for equity and FX Black-Scholes models.
A cost-effective functional connectivity photoacoustic tomography (fcPAT) of the mouse brain

The study of functional connectivity among different regions of the brain is tremendously valuable in the diagnosis and monitoring of various neurological disorders. While the conventional techniques fail to provide optimum results in terms of resolution, field of view and efficiency, Photo-acoustic based imaging is being considered as an alternative and complimentary modality. The cost and size are the factors that limit the further research and clinical advancements of fcPAT. Therefore we proposed an inexpensive fcPAT system. We determined its feasibility by imaging a graphite leads embedded in an agar phantom and demonstrated its application by imaging a microtubes filled with blood embedded in the chicken’s breast at a scan time of 50 seconds and number of angles as 300.
Nomograms for Biologically Effective UV

Regressions were determined establishing relationships between absolute UV-B irradiance (285-315 nm) and commonly used weighting functions for biological effectiveness. Nomograms were prepared from these regressions for both artificial and solar UV-B irradiance. Under well-defined conditions the nomograms may be used to rapidly compare data-sets which are derived from different weighting functions.
Mass spectrometric detection of chlorophyll a and the tetrapyrrole secondary metabolite tolyporphin A in the filamentous cyanobacterium HT-58-2. Approaches to high-throughput screening of intact cyanobacteria

Tolyporphins are unusual tetrapyrrole macrocycles produced by the filamentous cyanobacterium–microbial community HT-58-2, the only known source to date. Numerous cyanobacterial samples have been collected worldwide but most have not been screened for secondary metabolites. Identification of tolyporphins typically has entailed lipophilic extraction followed by chromatographic fractionation and spectroscopic and/or mass spectrometric analysis. For quantitation, lengthy lipophilic extraction, sample processing and HPLC separation are needed. Examination by MALDI-TOF-MS (with the matrix 1,5-diaminonaphthalene) of lipophilic crude extracts of small-scale HT-58-2 samples (2 mL) without chromatographic fractionation enabled semi-quantitation of tolyporphin A over a 41-day growth period. Screening for tolyporphin A in intact or slightly sheared and vortexed HT-58-2 samples (no lipophilic extraction), and confirmation of identity by tandem MS, were carried out by IR-MALDESI-FTMS. Tolyporphin A was identified by th...
Relational turbulence and perceptions of partner support during reintegration after military deployment

ABSTRACTThe transition from deployment to reintegration can be stressful for returning military personnel and at-home partners, and support plays a key role in their ability to transition effectively. We draw on relational turbulence theory to advance predictions about how parameters of the relationship between returning service members and at-home partners predict their perceptions of their partner’s support during the post-deployment transition. We surveyed 235 individuals (117 returning service members, 118 at-home partners) who had experienced the transition within the past 6 months. Findings consistent with the theory indicated that relational turbulence partially mediated the negative associations that relational uncertainty and interference from a partner shared with partner support. Partner uncertainty was a direct negative predictor of partner support as well. We consider how these results extend theory, research, and practice.
Implications of the observed Pluto–Charon density contrast

Abstract Observations by the New Horizons spacecraft have determined that Pluto has a larger bulk density than Charon by 153 ± 44 kg m − 3 (2σ uncertainty). We use a thermal model of Pluto and Charon to determine if this density contrast could be due to porosity variations alone, with Pluto and Charon having the same bulk composition. We find that Charon can preserve a larger porous ice layer than Pluto due to its lower gravity and lower heat flux but that the density contrast can only be explained if the initial ice porosity is ≳ 30%, extends to ≳100 km depth and Pluto retains a subsurface ocean today. We also find that other processes such as a modern ocean on Pluto, self-compression, water-rock interactions, and volatile (e.g., CO) loss cannot, even in combination, explain this difference in density. Although an initially high porosity cannot be completely ruled out, we conclude that it is more probable that Pluto and Charon have different bulk compositions. This difference could arise either from forming Charon via a giant impact, or via preferential loss of H2O on Pluto due to heating during rapid accretion.
Human Cytomegalovirus and Atherogenesis

The frequent finding of cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens and nucleic acid sequences in arterial smooth muscle cells suggests that infection of the arterial wall may be common in patients with atherosclerosis. Immunosuppressive treatment of heart transplant patients often leads to CMV infection. As an apparent consequence, severe atherosclerosis develops in the transplanted organ. In seroepidemiologic studies, high levels of CMV antibodies were found to be associated with atherosclerotic disease, suggesting the occurrence of a periodically activated latent infection. Since CMV DNA, but not infectious virus, is found in arterial cells, the artery itself might be the site of latency and contribute to the initiation of atherogenesis. Furthermore, as a working hypothesis, it seems that the biological properties of CMV are consistent with pathogenic involvement of the virus at several levels of the atherogenic process.
Pollination Ecology and Morphology of Venus Flytrap in Sites of Varying Time Since Last Fire

Management of natural habitats is an important strategy for rare plant conservation. One common tool for managing natural habitats is the use of controlled fire. Rare plants in fire-dependent ecosystems often rely on frequent fires to increase nutrient availability, initiate germination, and limit cover from light competitors. Fire can also alter arthropod communities, including the pollinator communities upon which many flowering plants rely for sexual reproduction. However, it remains unclear how fire affects the pollination ecology of rare plants in fire-dependent ecosystems. Here we studied sites of varying burn history to examine the role of time since last fire on the morphology, flower visitor community, and degree of pollen limitation of seed production of Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula). The area occupied by blooming D. muscipula and number of traps per individual decreased with increasing time since burn. Though flower visitor richness and evenness were highest in sites of intermediate time post-burn, we found no differences in the composition of the flower visitor community in sites of different burn histories. Hand-pollinated flowers produced 8.3% more seeds per fruit than open-pollinated flowers, indicating that D. muscipula was pollen-limited, but burn history did not affect the magnitude of pollen limitation. Though we found no clear effect of burn history on the pollination ecology of D. muscipula, differences in blooming area and trap number suggest that burn history influences its distribution and growth, and affirms the benefits of frequent fires to its persistence.
Genomic profiling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and a pathway towards therapy individualization: A scoping review

Abstract Context Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is one of the most challenging cancers to treat with modest recent improvements in survival from new systemic therapies. There is growing interest in individualized therapy underpinned by somatic and germline genomic alterations. Objective A systematic review of data on therapies targeting somatic and germline alterations, and their downstream pathways in PDAC. Method A systematic literature search was conducted using PRISMA guidelines to include relevant results published after January 1, 2008. Results A total of 71 relevant studies were included. We identified 36 studies targeting the KRAS-pathway, the most common being with MEK-inhibitor therapy. Twenty-two studies were identified that evaluated platinum-based chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors in patients with deleterious mutations in DNA damage repair genes and have shown encouraging results. Immunotherapy has demonstrated activity in patients with mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability. Conclusion Evidence from translational and clinical research presents an exciting platform for genomic targeted therapy in PDAC. Validity for targeting BRCA with platinum and PARP inhibitors and microsatellite instability with immune therapy has been established, nonetheless, evidence for targeting the common driver oncogenes is lacking and much work is needed. Of importance is identifying the subgroup of KRAS -wild type PDAC (approximately 5%) where there is enrichment for targetable opportunities.
The use of mobile devices to register aircraft maintenance data

In the article there were described main processes of operational faze of aircraft conducted during services. The description particularly focuses on the use of mobile devices for registering data from services. There were considered the attributes of the system of operational faze of military aircraft. A mobile system was described as addition to stationary systems for supporting operational faze of aircraft and upgrade by detailed data collected with the use of the new technology. It is demonstrated that we are able to provide constantly data to data base and conduct standard and specific analyses of a threat for safety of operational faze having a proper configuration of special software which takes into account individual features of the type of an aircraft and with the use of mobile devices. A user can automate processes of preventive treatment within organisation using the same type of aircraft based on this data..
Ethics in Digital Research

This chapter provides a broad overview of the technological landscape of today’s Internet and considers the ways in which Internet research, as an umbrella term, has morphed and changed into today’s big data infrastructure. It furthermore discusses the implications of these changes for ethical decision-making and conduct of research. The guiding anticipatory ethics approach of the Association of Internet Researchers is used as an ethical frame.
Accumulation of uremic solutes in the cerebrospinal fluid in experimental acute renal failure

The accumulation of uremic solutes in kidney failure may impair mental function. The present study profiled the accumulation of uremic solutes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in acute renal failur...
Site Directed Mutagenesis Identifies Allo-Antigenic Epitopes of an H-2 Antigen Recognized by Antibodies and by Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes

To test our previous hypothesis that the segment between amino acid position 63 to 73 of the H-2Dd antigen forms a major allo-antigenic site, mutations were introduced into the H-2Ld gene in a sequential fashion, which replaced the codons for amino acid position 63, 65, 66, 70 and 73 of the H-2Ld antigen with those of the H-2Dd antigen. Gain and loss of serological and CTL epitopes specific for the H-2Dd and H-2Ld antigens were examined. The amino acid substitutions at position 63, 65, and 66 led to the acquisition of multiple serological H-2Dd specificities which were expressed in the mutant H-2Ld antigen. A further amino acid substitution at position 70 resulted in the gain of additional H-2Dd specificities, allowing to localize more than half of all the relevant H-2Dd serological epitopes to position 63 to 70. An alto CTL epitope of the H-2Dd antigen was also localized to this stretch of amino acid sequence, as one of several H-2Dd specific CTL clones reacted with the mutant molecule in which amino acids were replaced at position 63 to 70. Further, some H-2Ld specific alto CTL clones lost reactivity to the mutant molecules, demonstrating the presence of CTL epitopes in this region of the H-2Ld antigen. From these results we conclude that the amino acid sequence encompassing from position 63 to 70 of the H-2Dd and H-2Ld molecules forms major alto- antigenic epitopes recognized by multiple antibodies and CTLs.