cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of supplementation of larval diets upon pupal yield and adult emergence of the olive fruit fly, Dacus oleae (Gmel.)

Abstract Three experiments were carried out to determine the effect of adding a liquid food supplement to high larval density diets upon larval survival, pupation, pupal weight and adult emergence of the olive fruit fly, Dacus oleae (Gmel.). Addition of supplement on the 4th day improved larval survival up the 7th day but failed to improve larval survival at pupation time. Supplementation on the 7th day of larval growth improved significantly pupal weight at both densities studied. Addition of 0.1 or 0.2 ml supplement/g diet, on the 7th day, at a density of 20 eggs/g diet gave pupal weight equal to 5.3–5.5 mg/pupa compared to 4.2–4.5 for the unsupplemented diet and to 5.4–5.7 of the control (10 eggs/g diet). Similarly addition of 0.2 ml supplement/g diet at a density of 40 eggs/g diet gave 3.8–4.2 mg/pupa compared to 2.2–3.3 mg/pupa for the unsupplemented diet. Adult emergence was also improved for the supplemented diets. Zusammenfassung Einflus eines Nahrungszusatzes auf Puppenertrag und Schlupfrate der Olivenfruchtfliege, Dacus oleae (Gmel.) Es wurden 3 Versuche durchgefuhrt, um den Einflus eines flussigen Nahrungszusatzes auf das uberleben der Larven, die Verpuppungsrate, das Puppengewicht und die Schlupfrate der Olivenfruchtfliege Dacus oleae (Gmel.) festzustellen, wobei dieser Zusatz auf Nahrboden appliziert wurde, die mit hoher Larvendichte versehen waren. Ein Zusatz an Nahrung am 4. Lebenstag der Larven konnte deren uberleben bis zum siebten Tag verbessern, reichte aber nicht zur Verpuppung. Dagegen konnte ein Nahrungszusatz am 7. Lebenstag der Larven das Puppengewicht bei beiden untersuchten Larvendichten bedeutend verbessern. Der Zusatz von 0,1 bzw. 0,2 ml/g Nahrung auf Nahrboden, die mit 20 Eier/g versehen waren, erzeugte Puppen von 5,3 bis 5,5 mg, verglichen mit solchen von 4,2 bis 4,5 mg in den unbehandelten Nahrboden. Dies entsprach den Puppen von 5,4 bis 5,7 mg in den Kontrollen (10 Eier/g Futter). In ahnlicher Weise fuhrte der Zusatz von 0,2 ml/g Nahrung auf Nahrboden, versehen mit 40 Eier/g Futter, zu Puppen von 3,8 bis 4,2 mg, wahrend solche auf unbehandelten Nahrboden nur 2,2 bis 3,3 mg wogen. In allen Diaten mit Nahrungszusatz war die Schlupfrate der Adulten wesentlich verbessert.
High Prevalence of C-Reactive Protein Elevation with Normal Triglycerides (100–149 mg/dL): Are Triglyceride Levels Below 100 mg/dL More Optimal in Coronary Heart Disease Risk Assessment?

ABSTRACT Background The National Cholesterol Education Program defines a fasting triglyceride level below 150 mg/dL as normal. However, observational data suggest that triglyceride levels above 100 mg/dL may predict coronary heart disease (CHD) events. Methods To determine the prevalence of systemic inflammation with a normal triglyceride level (100–149 mg/dL), data obtained from the population-based cross-sectional study of 4412 men and women in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were reviewed. Measurements included fasting lipids and lipoproteins and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level measured using a Behring Nephelometer Analyzer System. Results High CRP level was equally prevalent whether the designated triglyceride cutpoint was greater than or equal to 100 (unadjusted OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.7-2.3) or greater than or equal to 150 (unadjusted OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.6-2.2). After adjustment for other covariates, the triglyceride range of 100 to 149 mg/dL remained independently associated with elevated CRP level (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.02-1.67). In addition, an approximately fivefold higher likelihood of elevated CRP level was observed with triglyceride levels between 100 and 149 mg/dL and normal body mass index (BMI; 24–24.9) compared with lower triglyceride level ( P Conclusions These data indicate that "normal" triglyceride levels (100–150 mg/dL) are associated with systemic inflammation and that lower fasting triglyceride levels (eg,
Task Interdependence and Personal Power in Teams

The project investigated the power dynamics in preexisting corporate research and development teams using a network-based methodology. Emerson's (1962) exchange-based power-dependence theory was used to formulate guiding hypotheses. In addition, Thompson's (1967) typology of organizational interdependence was used to differentiate between types of task interdependence. Power was operationalized as the amount of influence each member exerted about decisions regarding coworkers and/or the team. Heightened task dependence was expected to negatively affect personal power The different kinds of task interdependence were found to have very different power implications. Thompson's distinction between sequential and reciprocal task interdependence was necessary to untangle the underlying power-dependence processes. Furthermore, the findings leave much to be explained and might suggest the need to consider additional interdependence dynamics and/or alternative exchange frameworks to more accurately accountfor the ...
Movement variability during single leg jump landings in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability.

Abstract Background Repeated episodes of giving way at the ankle may be related to alterations in movement variability. Methods Eighty-eight recreational athletes (39 males, 49 females) were placed in 4 groups: mechanically unstable, functionally unstable, copers, and controls based on ankle injury history, episodes of giving way, and joint laxity. Lower extremity kinematics and ground reaction forces were measured during single leg landings from a 50% maximum vertical jump in the anterior, lateral, and medial directions. Ensemble curves of 10 trials were averaged and coefficients of variation were identified for ankle, knee, hip, and trunk motion in 3 planes. A log e (ln) transformation was performed on the data. Mixed model analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with Tukey post-hoc tests were utilized with Bonferroni corrections to α≤0.008. Findings At the knee, controls were more variable than functionally unstable and copers for knee rotation before initial contact, and were more variable during stance than functionally unstable in knee rotation ( P ≤0.008). Interactions during stance revealed controls were more variable than functionally unstable in lateral jumps for hip flexion, and than mechanically and functionally unstable in hip abduction in the anterior direction ( P ≤0.008). Controls were more variable than all other groups in hip flexion and than mechanically unstable in hip abduction ( P ≤0.008). Interpretation Individuals with ankle instability demonstrated less variability at the hip and knee compared to controls during single leg jump landings. Inability to effectively utilize proximal joints to perform landing strategies may influence episodes of instability.
Dealing With Reality: Market Demands, Artistic Integrity, and Identity Work in Reality Television Production

Abstract Cultural industry workers, at times, compromise the values and tastes that are important parts of their artistic identities to accommodate commercial demands. I argue that workers resolve frustrations that arise from such compromises through identity work—individuals’ active construction of their identities in social contexts. Using ethnographic data from fieldwork at a reality television production company, I describe two identity work strategies, distancing and evaluative tweaking, that workers use to maintain their artistic integrity despite producing work that does not meet their standards of quality. The manner through which these strategies emerged during micro social interaction differed between managers and non-managers. Managers used distancing and evaluative tweaking simultaneously to do identity work and regulate their employees’ identities when justifying decisions that threatened shared values and tastes. On the other hand, employees distanced themselves from managers while venting to colleagues about managers’ decisions that conflicted with their idiosyncratic values and tastes. These dynamics are illustrated through a setting that has received insufficient ethnographic attention, reality television production. Some reality television workers prefer to portray “real” and “authentic” situations. These workers employ identity work strategies to maintain artistic integrity when distorting reality to create the drama and conflict they consider marketable.
The concurrent supercomputing consortium: Year 1

Since 1991, the California Institute of Technology has operated a massively parallel computer system on behalf of the concurrent supercomputing consortium (CSCC). The computer system is a distributed-memory multiple-instruction multiple-data (MIMD) system the nodes of which are connected in a two-dimensional mesh by mesh-routing chips. The system's file server, portability, acceptance tests, mode of operation, and national network connections are described. The hardware and software issues of the Delta system are discussed. >
Discussion Of “Recent developments in water supply forecasting from precipitation”

The authors are quite correct in emphasizing the extreme importance of an estimated normal water supply to the planned economy of the semi-arid West. This has no doubt led to a considerable discussion of the runoff normals as published in the United States Weather Bureau forecast bulletins. The normal for the Colorado River at Lees Ferry for the years 1920–1944 as published in Weather Bureau forecast bulletins is 10.5 million ac ft (given as 11 million ac ft by authors). This compares with a normal of 12.7 million ac ft for the period 1922–1944 as computed from the published values of actual measurements by the United States Geological Survey. This difference in normals is quite appreciable, and since the Geological Survey normal is simply an average of measured values, the quests arises as to why the Weather Bureau normal is so much lower.
Parallel volume meshing using face removals and hierarchical repartitioning

Abstract Parallel unstructured three-dimensional mesh generation is a challenging problem for many reasons, the most obvious coming from the complexity of ‘partitioning’ the problem such that meshing is load balanced at all times. In this paper, a parallel volume meshing procedure whose input is a surface mesh (distributed or not) is presented. In order to help drive the parallel execution, a distributed octree is built considering the surface mesh and meshing size attributes. The tree is partitioned in parallel using the Recursive Bisection methodology and ‘portions of space’ are handed out to processors for meshing. Volume meshing operates on two techniques: (i) octant template meshing for interior octants; and (ii) face removals (advancing front) to fill the space in between the surface mesh and the ‘templated’ octants. Due to the mesh being distributed, domains corresponding to the interfaces of the initial partitioning are left unmeshed. To complete volume meshing, it is necessary to repartition the interface domains. A hierarchical repartitioning procedure has been developed to effectively mesh face, edge, and vertex interfaces. It is the focus of this paper.
Towards a pragmatics of mantra recitation

This paper purports to investigate certain ritualistic acts of mantra recitation in the light of their family resemblances to more familiar everyday speech acts (such as promising, pardoning, naming, etc.), without thereby intending to minimize the differences between the ritual and the quotidian varieties of speech act or to suggest the reducibility without residue of the religious rites under consideration to the mere stipulation of a list of necessary and sufficient conditions for performing the speech acts which they contain. Charles Morris' well known but not unproblematic trifurcation of semiotic into syntax, semantics and pragmatics, spawned a stepchild in the last member of the triad, which has only recently begun to receive the attention linguistic theory has long since accorded its siblings. That this attention was overdue was the consensus reached by the participants in the 1970 Jerusalem Symposium on Pragmatics of Natural Languages.1 On the other hand, though there was agreement that the study of speech acts falls within its domain, questions as to the general lineaments, and proper sphere of application (much less the specific structural details) of the desiderated pragmatic theory remained (and continue to remain) very much open. Thus with full awareness that no description of the nature and content of pragmatics hazarded at present is likely to escape controversy, we provisionally adopt the following characterization of the field given by Stalnaker, on grounds of its clarity and breadth:
Process Capability Analysis Methodologies for Zero-Bound, Non-Normal Process Data

When tracking inherently non-normal processes such as zero-bound process variables that tend to exhibit multiplicative rather than additive error variation, the options for process monitoring and capability estimation are limited. A process capability i..
Phase behavior of carbon dioxide-aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures

Abstract Occhiogrosso, R.N., Igel, J.T. and McHugh, M.A., 1986. Phase behavior of carbon dioxide-aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures. Fluid Phase Equilibria , 26: 165–179. Vapor-liquid-equilibria experiments are conducted at 299.25, 305.65, 316.25, 338.35, 363.15, and 383.15 K and for pressures up to 175 bar for the CO 2 -isopropyl benzene (cumene) system. Pressure-composition information is obtained. The resulting experimental data are modeled using the Peng-Robinson equation-of-state. Two temperature-independent model parameters, δ ij , which accounts for molecular interactions between CO 2 and cumene, and η ij , which accounts for the size difference between CO 2 and cumene, are used to obtain good agreement between calculated and experimental data. The results for the CO 2 -cumene system are compared to the CO 2 -toluene and CO 2 -m-xylene systems which are available in the literature. The CO 2 -toluene and CO 2 -m-xylene systems can be modeled using the same δ ij and η ij values used for the CO 2 -cumene system.
Losing the “Gender” in Gender-Based Violence: The Missteps of Research on Dating and Intimate Partner Violence

A multitude of quantitative and qualitative research studies as well as volumes of health and criminal justice data from across the globe clearly demonstrate that male intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and girls is an issue of tremendous public health and human rights significance worldwide (i.e., the health and freedom of girls and women are affected at the population level; Amnesty International, 2004; Garcia-Moreno, Jansen, Ellsberg, Heise, & Watts, 2006; Rand, 2008; World Health Organization [WHO], 2003). However, there is continuing discord as to the basic frameworks used across studies and programs for understanding and addressing IPV, including dating violence, as a public health issue, particularly regarding the gendered basis of the problem (Reed, 2008; Swan & Snow, 2006). Multiple recent U.S. public health studies have discussed “mutual aggression” or “female perpetration” of IPV (e.g., Carney, Buttell, & Dutton, 2006; Romans, Forte, Cohen, Du Mont, & Hyman, 2007; Straus, 2007; Straus & Ramirez, 2007; Whitaker, Haileyesus, Swahn, & Saltzman, 2007), disregarding the gender-based framework at the
Withdrawal and pre-menstrual symptomatology during the menstrual cycle in short-term smoking abstinence: Effects of menstrual cycle on smoking abstinence

This study employs a rigorous inpatient laboratory setting to test the hypothesis that withdrawal symptomatology in short-term smoking cessation in women is increased in the late luteal phase when pre-menstrual symptomatology is the highest. Twenty-one female smokers with clinical, anatomical, and hormonal verification of their menstrual cycle phase were randomized to either a smoking abstinence group (n = 16) or a continued smoking group (n = 5). Participants were admitted to the General Clinical Research Center during alternate phases of their cycle for two 7-day admissions with a 1-month interim period when they resumed smoking. Dependent measures, i.e., Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale scores, Questionnaire on Smoking Urges scores and Pre-menstrual Assessment Form scores were collected during 2 days of baseline and 5 days of smoking deprivation. Smoking behavior was documented by self-report, breath CO levels and saliva cotinine measurements. Withdrawal symptomatology was not affected by menstrual cycle phase during short-term cessation in spite of increased pre-menstrual changes seen in the late luteal phase. In addition, no phase effect on smoking behavior was detected and cigarette consumption remained stable across the cycle in both groups. These results suggest that for some smoking cessation studies, complex strategies to control for menstrual cycle effects may not be necessary. However, Smoking Urges scores did suggest increased desire to smoke and desire to relieve negative affect in the late luteal phase when women have higher pre-menstrual symptomatology. This suggests women may have greater difficulty quitting smoking in late luteal phase, and it seems prudent to recommend that women quit during the follicular phase of their cycle.
Mathematical models towards self-organizing formal federation languages based on conceptual models of information exchange capabilities

Conceptual models capture information that is crucial for composability of legacy solutions that is not formally captured in the derived technical artifacts. It is necessary to make this information available for the selection (or elimination) of available solutions, their orchestration, and their execution. Current standards barely address this class of problems. The approach presented in this paper is the first step towards self-organizing federation languages. The system interfaces are described in form of exchangeable data. The context of information exchange (syntax, semantics, and pragmatics) is captured as metadata. These metadata are used to identify the elements of a formal federation language that links model composability and simulation interoperability based on conceptual model elements. The paper describes the formal process of selection, orchestration, and execution and the underlying mathematics for the information exchange specifications that bridge conceptual and engineering levels of the federation process.
Ammonia loss from ammoniacal fertilisers applied to calcareous soils

Ammonia volatilised from ammonium salts applied to calcareous soils was greatest from ammonium sulphate (AS), about half as much from mono- and di-ammonium phosphates (MAP and DAP) and ammonium nitrate (AN), and negligible from magnesium ammonium phosphate. Losses of ammonia in 8 days from ammonium salts applied to an initially acid, sandy soil treated with calcium, barium or magnesium carbonates, were: soil treated with CaCO3, AS » DAP = AN; with BaCO3, AN » AS = DAP; with MgCO3, AS > AN » DAP. Reasons for these findings are discussed. It is evident that factors other than pH are operating.
Warm Pressurant Effects on the Bubble Point for Cryogenic Liquid Acquisition Devices

This paper presents experimental results for the liquid hydrogen and nitrogen bubble point tests using warm pressurant gases conducted at the NASA Glenn Research Center. The purpose of the test ser...
Trying to Make Things Right: Adherence Work in High-Poverty, African American Neighborhoods

Adherence to treatment recommendations for chronic diseases is notoriously low across all patient populations. But African American patients, who are more likely to live in low-income neighborhoods and to have multiple chronic conditions, are even less likely to follow medical recommendations. Yet we know little about their contextually embedded, adherence-related experiences. We interviewed individuals (n = 37) with at least two of the following conditions: hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Using an "invisible work" theoretical framework, we outline the adherence work that arose in patients' common life circumstances. We found five types: constantly searching for better care, stretching medications, eating what I know, keeping myself alive, and trying to make it right. Adherence work was effortful, challenging, and addressed external contingencies present in high-poverty African American neighborhoods. This work was invisible within the health care system because participants lacked ongoing, trusting relationships with providers and rarely discussed challenges with them.
Transfection of CYP4A1 cDNA increases vascular reactivity in renal interlobar arteries.

20-HETE, a cytochromeP-450 4A (CYP4A1)-derived arachidonic acid metabolite, is a major eicosanoid formed in renal and extrarenal microcirculation. 20-HETE inhibits Ca2+-activated K+ channels in vas...
Estimation of Formant Frequency in Synthetic Infant CV Tokens

Accuracy and reliability of formant frequency measurements were tested for a microcomputer-based protocol employing FFT power spectrum analyses of diffuse, spectrally weak infant vocalizations. CV-like signals were created through multivariate parametric synthesis which utilized a range of acoustic variations characteristic of those reported for infants. The synthetic forms were then analysed in double-blind conditions by three trained phoneticians whose task was to determine first, second and third formant frequencies at initial, medial and final locations within the tokens. Inter- and intra-judge assessments indicated very accurate and reliable estimates of first and second formant frequency, independently of the confounding factors of (a) phonetic identity (six syllables) (b) range and pattern of fundamental frequency shifts (seven levels), (c) noise variation for the voicing source (four levels of aspiration), (d) nasalization (absent or present), or interactions among these (64 total combinations). E...
Cognitive Self-Statements in Social Phobia: A Comparison Across Three Types of Social Situations

Many individuals with social phobia experience anxiety and negative cognitions in more than one social situation, yet few studies have considered the role of situational factors when assessing the cognitive content of those with social phobia. The present study, using the Social Interaction Self-Statement Test (SISST), examined the thoughts of 60 individuals diagnosed with social phobia across three social situations: a same-sex interaction; a different-sex interaction; and an impromptu speech. Results emphasize the importance of considering the type of situation when assessing thoughts of socially phobic individuals during social interactions. Most notable were differences found when comparing cognitions of different subgroups (generalized vs. nongeneralized social phobia) in the speech situation with their thought patterns in the social interaction situations. These findings suggest that a cognitive assessment that includes a range of behavioral tasks may be most helpful in diagnosis and treatment plan development. Results also offer support for the utility of the SISST negative subscale in both social interaction and speech situations.
My Kid, the Future Olympian: Predictive and Genetic Aptitude Testing and the Case for Regulation

Let us help you become the best athlete you were born to be. 1 The Slogan for Atlas Sports Genetics, Atlas Sports Genetics: Genetic Testing for Personal Trainers, http://www.atlasgene.com/images/AT...
Kindergarten Readiness: Using Age or Skills in Assessing a Child's Readiness.

Currently, age is the primary indicator of kindergarten readiness. A concise list of readiness skills to guide parents and teachers when deciding if a child is ready for kindergarten is lacking. The literature reveals that older age kindergarten entrance is not a predictor of academic success, nor is age an accurate indicator of readiness. In this study, responses from approximately 22 kindergarten teachers to a readiness questionnaire identify and develop a succinct list of the skills these professionals view as most significant for kindergarten readiness. According to the teachers in this study, the ability to sit and listen for approximately 15 minutes is a very necessary readiness skill. Additionally, respect for peers, following directions, appropriate classroom behavior, and personal responsibility were also consistently identified as indicators of kindergarten readiness. While most teachers in the sample would prefer incoming kindergarten students to have already turned five before entering school, age and academic skills were not identified as necessary for kindergarten readiness in this study. Kindergarten Readiness 5
Economic Equipment Policies: An Evaluation

The present paper summarizes the results of a detailed empirical investigation of the theory of economic equipment policy as applied to one important kind of industrial equipment, viz line-haul truck-tractor power units. The objective of this research was to ascertain, for a type of equipment which is perhaps best suited to exact replacement analysis, the quantitative importance to the firm of following optimal policies in replacement and in the choice of equipment type. Also it was desired to compare actual with optimal policies in a concrete case.
Can normal narcissism be managed to promote green product purchases? Investigating a counterintuitive proposition

Despite the presumed influence of narcissism as a prevalent consumer trait, the psychological construct was only recently linked to consumer theory. “Normal” narcissism is traditionally associated with negative effects on others. But narcissism is examined from a different perspective here. This study investigates how narcissistic traits may influence consumer tendencies to engage in “green” behaviors. Study 1 demonstrates that narcissists do not intrinsically value green behavior or its potential societal benefits. However, four integrated experiments—grounded in costly signaling theory and the realistic accuracy model—demonstrated that situational factors such as product visibility, purchase visibility, relative price, and message detection and utilization could be influential in motivating normal narcissists to act “green.”
The role of thioredoxin reductase 1 in melanoma metabolism and metastasis

Summary Although significant progress has been made in targeted and immunologic therapeutics for melanoma, many tumors fail to respond, and most eventually progress when treated with the most efficacious targeted combination therapies thus far identified. Therefore, alternative approaches that exploit distinct melanoma phenotypes are necessary to develop new approaches for therapeutic intervention. Tissue microarrays containing human nevi and melanomas were used to evaluate levels of the antioxidant protein thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1), which was found to increase as a function of disease progression. Melanoma cell lines revealed metabolic differences that correlated with TR1 levels. We used this new insight to design a model treatment strategy that creates a synthetic lethal interaction wherein targeting TR1 sensitizes melanoma to inhibition of glycolytic metabolism, resulting in a decrease in metastases in vivo. This approach holds the promise of a new clinical therapeutic strategy, distinct from oncoprotein inhibition.
Preliminary assessment of multislit-slat collimation for cardiac SPECT

Cardiac imaging accounts for over half of all SPECT scans. Improvements in this area have a large potential clinical impact. Slit-slat imaging has shown advantages over parallel- beam (PB) and fan-beam (FB) for mid-size objects. That advantage can be extended by using multiple non-multiplexing slits. Herein, the relative sensitivity for cardiac imaging on a general-purpose SPECT scanner is determined in comparison with PB and FB for equal average resolutions. A single transverse slice of a digital phantom is used to represent the location of the myocardium within a male torso. The transverse and axial resolutions averaged over the myocardium are computed for PB and FB, based on manufacturer specifications from Siemens. These average resolutions are then matched with a multislit- slat collimator by adjusting the focal length, slit width, and the ratio of slat gap to height while maximizing average sensitivity over the myocardium. The orbit of the collimators extends from LPO to RAO with a 1 cm clearance, resulting in torso truncation for multislit-slat. However, myocardium truncation did not occur. Likewise FB truncation was possible for large torsos, but myocardium truncation did not occur. The sensitivity for the different collimations is averaged over the myocardium. The ratios of these sensitivities depend on the torso size, which is adjusted to determine the collimators' performance for different patient types. Multislit-slat is 85% and 34% more sensitive than PB and FB, respectively, for a torso width of 40 cm. These ratios are more favorable for multislit-slat as the torso diameter decreases. In addition, multislit-slat has improved sampling completeness compared with FB in the myocardium region for this orbit. Multislit-slat collimation on a general- purpose scanner offers favorable sensitivity compared with PB and FB for matched average resolutions and for realistic torso sizes.
A General Measure of Work Stress: The Stress in General Scale

The present study focused on the development and validation of scores on the Stress in General scale. Three diverse samples of workers (n = 4,322, n = 574, n = 34) provided psychometric and validity evidence. All evidence converged on the existence of two distinct subscales, each of which measured a different aspect of general work stress. The studies also resulted in meaningful patterns of correlations with stressor measures, a physiological measure of chronic stress (blood-pressure reactivity), general job attitude measures, and intentions to quit.
Effect of olive collection regime on olive oil quality

Comparaison de la qualite de l'huile (acidite titrable et indice de peroxyde) fabriquee a partir d'olives recoltees sur l'arbre ou obtenues par secouage des arbres et recuperation des fruits dans des filets et traitement immediat ou 2 a 3 semaines apres recolte. L'allongement du delai entre recolte et traitement est defavorable a la qualite de l'huile
Muscle Stimulation Waveform Timing Patterns for Upper and Lower Leg Muscle Groups to Increase Muscular Endurance in Functional Electrical Stimulation Pedaling Using a Forward Dynamic Model

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) of pedaling provides a means by which individuals with spinal cord injury can obtain cardiorespiratory exercise. However, the early onset of muscle fatigue is a limiting factor in the cardiorespiratory exercise obtained while pedaling an FES ergometer. One objective of this study was to determine muscle excitation timing patterns to increase muscle endurance in FES pedaling for three upper leg muscle groups and to compare these timing patterns to those used in a commercially available FES ergometer. The second objective was to determine excitation timing patterns for a lower leg muscle group in conjunction with the three upper leg muscle groups. The final objective was to determine the mechanical energy contributions of each of the muscle groups to drive the crank. To fulfill these objectives, we developed a forward dynamic simulation of FES pedaling to determine electrical stimulation on and off times that minimize the muscle stress-time integral of the stimulated muscles. The computed electrical stimulation on and off times differed from those utilized by a commercially available FES ergometer and resulted in 17% and 11% decrease in the muscle stress-time integral for the three upper leg muscle groups and four upper and lower leg muscle groups, respectively. Also, the duration of muscle activation by the hamstrings increased by 5% over a crank cycle for the computed stimulation on and off times, and the mechanical energy generated by the hamstrings increased by 20%. The lower leg muscle group did not generate sufficient mechanical energy to reduce the energy contributions of the upper leg muscle groups. The computed stimulation on and off times could prolong FES pedaling, and thereby provide improved cardiorespiratory and muscle training outcomes for individuals with spinal cord injury. Including the lower leg muscle group in FES pedaling could increase cardiorespiratory demand while not affecting the endurance of the muscles involved in the pedaling task.
Influence of urbanization on a karst terrain stream and fish community

Effects of catchment urbanization described as the urban stream syndrome generally result in an altered fish community with headwater stream fish communities particularly vulnerable to changes associated with urbanization. In this study, we considered how the fish community in a Central Texas headwater karst stream changed with catchment urbanization. Paleohistory and a narrative on urbanization within the upper San Marcos River were compiled and qualitatively related to historical fish changes from 1880 to 2011 to test predictions of the urban stream syndrome. Our predictions of decreases in native fish community and species abundances were largely unsupported despite 170 years of urbanization, specifically anthropogenic alterations to instream and catchment habitats, water quantity and water quality, stream morphology, and introduced species. Overall, the upper San Marcos River supports a persistent (>60 %) fish community through time with observed native species declines and extirpations not attributed solely to urbanization within the catchment. As such, we conclude that upper San Marcos River is largely an exception to the urban stream syndrome, which we attribute to two mechanisms; 1) paleohistory of the upper San Marcos River suggests a dynamic stream system with decreasing stream flow and increasing water temperatures since the last glacial maximum, and 2) water quantity of the San Marcos River is much greater than water quantity of other headwater streams used to assess urban stream syndrome. Nevertheless, the lower portion of the upper San Marcos River is indicative of an altered system, in both habitat and fish community, and represents a target area for rehabilitation.
Situation-Behavior Profiles as a Locus of Consistency in Personality:

Traditional approaches have long considered situations as “noise” or “error” that obscures the consistency of personality and its invariance. Therefore, it has been customary to average the individual's behavior on any given dimension (e.g., conscientiousness) across different situations. Contradicting this assumption and practice, recent studies have demonstrated that by incorporating the situation into the search for consistency, a new locus of stability is found. Namely, people are characterized not only by stable individual differences in their overall levels of behavior, but also by distinctive and stable patterns of situation-behavior relations (e.g., she does X when A but Y when B). These if … then … profiles constitute behavioral “signatures” that provide potential windows into the individual's underlying dynamics. Processing models that can account for such signatures provide a new route for studying personality types in terms of their shared dynamics and characteristic defining profiles.
Mindful and Masculine: Freeing Women Leaders From the Constraints of Gender Roles

Despite gains in women's status, successful leaders are more likely to be men than women. The styles that successful leaders set tend to be masculine. Female leaders face a paradox: If they emulate a masculine leadership style, their male subordinates will dislike them. If they adopt a stereotypically warmand nurturing feminine style, they will be liked, but not respected. Two experiments found that female leaders who are mindful can escape this paradox. In an experiment, college-aged men perceived a woman who was masculine and mindful to be a better leader than a woman who was masculine and mindless. A second experiment replicated that result with middle-aged businessmen.
A Web-Based Instructional Module for Research and Learning in Design and Analysis of Enterprise Systems

This paper describes an instructional module designed to create a repository for introducing students and industry practitioners to enterprise systems. A web-based design was used to make the module scalable, utilizing Internet capabilities and adapting a systemic approach to disseminate information on research projects. Important characteristics of a web site for organizing information are described. A generic web design problem is outlined and a case study on supply chain management is illustrated. Uses of the module on curricula that satisfy cognitive goals of enterprise system education are discussed. The module offers extensibility to incorporate live applications through the web site.
Memory-Efficient Image Databases for Mobile Visual Search

Mobile visual search systems compare images against a database for object recognition. If query data is transmitted over a slow network or processed on a congested server, the latency increases substantially. This article shows how on-device database matching guarantees fast recognition regardless of external conditions. The database signatures must be compact because of limited memory, capable of fast comparisons, and discriminative for robust recognition. The authors first describe methods that compress visual word histograms, which require a codebook and decoding compressed signatures. They then describe methods that use residuals to achieve the same accuracy with much smaller codebooks and compressed domain matching.
Can I Make a Difference? Efficacy, Employment, and Disability

Political efficacy is a widely studied phenomenon and an important predictor of political participation, but little is known about the political efficacy of the millions of people with disabilities in the United States. This paper reports the results of a nationally representative telephone survey of 1,240 people—stratified to include 700 people with disabilities—following the November 1998 elections. Several measures of efficacy that help predict political activity were found to be significantly lower among people with disabilities than among otherwise similar people without disabilities. Although lower levels of internal efficacy and civic skills could largely be explained by educational and employment gaps, lower levels of other variables (external efficacy, perceived influence of people with disabilities, and perceived treatment of people with disabilities) remained after applying a wide range of controls, indicating that people with disabilities are less likely to see the political system as responsive to them. This perception is concentrated among non–employed people with disabilities. The lower efficacy levels linked to “disability gaps” in employment, income, education, and group attendance appear to account for as much as half of the disability political participation gap; hence, policies intended to increase employment and educational opportunities for people with disabilities have potentially important political effects.
New features in MEDM [EPICS accelerator control software]

MEDM, which is derived from Motif Editor and Display Manager, is the primary graphical interface to the EPICS control system. This paper describes new features that have been added to MEDM in the last two years. These features include new editing capabilities, a PV Info dialog box, a means of specifying limits and precision, a new implementation of the Cartesian Plot, new features for several objects, new capability for the Related Display, help, a user-configurable Execute Menu, reconfigured start-up options, and availability for Windows 95/98/NT. Over one hundred bugs have been fixed, and the program is quite stable and in extensive use.
Ce–Fe-modified zeolite-rich tuff to remove Ba2+-like 226Ra2+ in presence of As(V) and F− from aqueous media as pollutants of drinking water

The sorption behavior of the Ba(2+)-like (226)Ra(2+) in the presence of H2AsO4(-)/HAsO4(2-) and F(-) from aqueous media using Ce-Fe-modified zeolite-rich tuff was investigated in this work. The Na-modified zeolite-rich tuff was also considered for comparison purposes. The zeolite-rich tuff collected from Wyoming (US) was in contact with NaCl and CeCl3-FeCl3 solutions to obtain the Na- and Ce-Fe-modified zeolite-rich tuffs (ZUSNa and ZUSCeFe). These zeolites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The BET-specific surface and the points of zero charge were determined as well as the content of Na, Ce and Fe by neutron activation analysis. The textural characteristics and the point of zero charge were changed by the presence of Ce and Fe species in the zeolitic network. A linear model described the Ba(2+)-like (226)Ra(2+) sorption isotherms and the distribution coefficients (Kd) varied with respect to the metallic species present in the zeolitic material. The As(V) oxianionic chemical species and F(-) affected this parameter when the Ba(2+)-like (226)Ra(2+)-As(V)-F(-) solutions were in contact with ZUSCeFe. The H2AsO4(-)/HAsO4(2-) and F(-) were adsorbed by ZUSCeFe in the same amount, independent of the concentration of Ba(2+)-like (226)Ra(2+) in the initial solution.
Making Online News: The Ethnography of New Media Production, edited by Chris Paterson and David Domingo

This edited volume introduces the reader to the day-to-day operations of online newsrooms across 20 news organizations in ten nations. Most of the contributions are tied together not only in their ...
How Workplace Managers Can Protect Against Hostile Environment Claims From Their Female And Male Employees: A Legal Review Of Decisional Law

Sexual harassment can occur in a variety of circumstances within the workplace setting. A review of case law illuminates the circumstances that have been identified as sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination that violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of l964. This paper reviews the decisional law which has recognized various forms of prohibited sexual harassment. The case analysis explores numerous types of “hostile environment” sexual harassment that can occur, including persistent abusive behavior by a victim’s supervisor, an agent of the employer, and a co-worker. Moreover, the victim as well the harasser may be a woman or a man. The victim does not have to be of the opposite sex. Under present decisional mandate, the victim must use any employer complaint mechanism or grievance system available in order to prevail in a claim of sexual harassment. The law also mandates that employers need to establish an effective complaint system and stated policy against sexual harassment and take immediate and appropriate action when an employee complains. Employers are encouraged to employ procedures in their stated policies that will tend to prevent claims of sexual harassment. This paper discusses the legal regime of decisional law that governs the responsibility of both the employer and employee in a sexual harassment claim. Methodologies that business managers can employ in order to protect themselves from liability are discussed and proposed in this treatment.
Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 LANA and SOX Homologs Counteract ATM-Driven p53 Activity during Lytic Viral Replication.

ABSTRACT Tumor suppressor p53 is activated in response to numerous cellular stresses, including viral infection. However, whether murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) provokes p53 during the lytic replication cycle has not been extensively evaluated. Here, we demonstrate that MHV68 lytic infection induces p53 phosphorylation and stabilization in a manner that is dependent on the DNA damage response (DDR) kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM). The induction of p53 during MHV68 infection occurred in multiple cell types, including splenocytes of infected mice. ATM and p53 activation required early viral gene expression but occurred independently of viral DNA replication. At early time points during infection, p53-responsive cellular genes were induced, coinciding with p53 stabilization and phosphorylation. However, p53-related gene expression subsided as infection progressed, even though p53 remained stable and phosphorylated. Infected cells also failed to initiate p53-dependent gene expression and undergo apoptosis in response to treatment with exogenous p53 agonists. The inhibition of p53 responses during infection required the expression of the MHV68 homologs of the shutoff and exonuclease protein (muSOX) and latency-associated nuclear antigen (mLANA). Interestingly, mLANA, but not muSOX, was necessary to prevent p53-mediated death in MHV68-infected cells under the conditions tested. This suggests that muSOX and mLANA are differentially required for inhibiting p53 in specific settings. These data reveal that DDR responses triggered by MHV68 infection promote p53 activation. However, MHV68 encodes at least two proteins capable of limiting the potential consequences of p53 function. IMPORTANCE Gammaherpesviruses are oncogenic herpesviruses that establish lifelong chronic infections. Defining how gammaherpesviruses overcome host responses to infection is important for understanding how these viruses infect and cause disease. Here, we establish that murine gammaherpesvirus 68 induces the activation of tumor suppressor p53. p53 activation was dependent on the DNA damage response kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated. Although active early after infection, p53 became dominantly inhibited as the infection cycle progressed. Viral inhibition of p53 was mediated by the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 homologs of muSOX and mLANA. The inhibition of the p53 pathway enabled infected cells to evade p53-mediated cell death responses. These data demonstrate that a gammaherpesvirus encodes multiple proteins to limit p53-mediated responses to productive viral infection, which likely benefits acute viral replication and the establishment of chronic infection.
A Review of Functional Analysis Methods Conducted in Public School Classroom Settings

The use of functional behavior assessments (FBAs) to address problem behavior in classroom settings has increased as a result of education legislation and long-standing evidence supporting function-based interventions. Although functional analysis remains the standard for identifying behavior–environment functional relations, this component is rarely included in FBAs in practice. To address this research-to-practice gap, we searched the FBA literature to identify studies including functional analyses (FAs) conducted in students’ usual classrooms and implemented by school personnel in public school settings. FAs were defined broadly as assessments involving systematic manipulation of one or more antecedent or consequent variable to evaluate environmental influences on student problem behavior. We identified 39 studies including FAs for 88 participants. All studies were coded with regard to FA approaches and procedures as well as student, classroom, and implementer characteristics. In addition, we evaluated the extent to which FA methods in the study sample aligned with previous recommendations to address practical barriers to implementation. Results revealed a range of FA approaches that varied according to student and classroom characteristics, as well as several strategies to address implementation barriers that have been under-utilized in classroom-based FAs to date.
Improving the Enantioselectivity of the Candida Cylindracea Lipase Via Chemical Modification

The lipase of Candida cylindracea (B-form) was treated with the classical chemoselective reagents with a view to modifying the specific amino acid residue(s) in the protein. Nitration of the tyrosyl residues of this enzyme was achieved using an excess of tetranitromethane (TNM). This chemically modified TNM-lipase showed a remarkable improvement in enantioselectivity towards the hydrolysis of a series of aryloxypropionic and arylpropionic esters.