cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Media Convergence’s Impact on Storytelling, Marketing, and Production

The chapter examines the practice of transmedia storytelling for its implementation in higher education. Digital storytelling, which has made its way into higher education, is explored both singularly and collectively as a pedagogical tool that can expand transmedia practice. The chapter also sheds light on the Internet as a source of information, entertainment, and education; it integrates media and content, audience and advertising, and reconsiders the meaning of the brand as behaviors and a source of production. Transmedia storytelling is also viewed from a theoretical perspective. Established media are eroding, and this chapter shows how this is providing opportunities for both media and education. It explains what educational institutions are doing to stay abreast of digital practices.
Estimation of Instantaneous Speed for Rotating Systems: New Processing Techniques

One of the most important parameters in the analysis of rotating systems is the instantaneous speed or RPM. The estimates from a tachometer data generally contain rapid unacceptable fluctuations. A new technique called the Adaptive n th Pulse Algorithm is presented in this paper which addresses the fluctuations in values from the conventional RPM estimation procedure through a root cause analysis. In addition to significantly improving the signal to noise ratio of the curve, this method has the advantage of transforming the rotation speed from being a function of angle of rotation to a function of time. An alternative approach has been developed by B&K called the Autotracker Algorithm where instantaneous speed is estimated using Bayesian statistics from measured accelerometer or microphone data thereby avoiding the need for tachometers. In the current paper, a smart algorithm built upon this Autotracker Algorithm has been developed which is more robust and as much as 100 times faster. Analysis of data with crossovers between orders and dominant natural frequencies is possible using a reprocessing step in this algorithm. Data with very high slew rate and speeds reaching 25,000 RPM has been shown to be processed in under 5 sec. Comparison is made between the Bayesian and n th pulse estimates for several data sets to show that the results are consistent with each other. Examples include data from a rotor rig, a 6 – cylinder engine powertrain and a vacuum cleaner.
Special Evidence-Based Considerations in Geriatric Gynecologic Care: Pelvic Floor Disorders

Pelvic floor disorders including urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and pelvic organ prolapse are conditions that are increasingly seen by gynecologists as women age. Nearly half of women over the age 80 have one or more pelvic floor symptoms and 1 in 5 of these women over the age 80 will have undergone at least one surgical procedure for prolapse or urinary incontinence. With a projected 9 % increase in the proportion of the US population over the age 65 by the year 2060, there will be a parallel increase in the number of older women seeking care for these conditions.
Resequencing of the Col1A1 gene of Oryctolagus cuniculus identifies splicing errors and single nucleotide polymorphisms

Next generation sequencing technologies have accelerated the rate at which whole genome sequencing (WGS) data is acquired. The sheer volume of data generated by WGS requires computational annotation to define potential coding regions and chromosomal features. The accuracy of genomic annotation is thus limited by the power of the computational algorithm and the sequence coverage provided by the raw data. Sequencing of the New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit has been performed to a 7× depth of coverage, leaving large gaps in coverage and potential errors within the draft assembly. In the present study, we have resequenced the collagen type I, alpha 1 (Col1A1) gene of Oryctolagus cuniculus (n = 8). We have characterized the full length cDNA, identified splicing errors within the reference sequence, and identified single nucleotide polymorphisms within the gene. These data underscore the need for a higher resolution assembly of the rabbit genome to advance research in this important large animal model.
An Introduction to Outlier Ensembles

The outlier analysis problem has been widely studied by database, data mining, machine learning and statistical communities. Numerous algorithms have been proposed for this problem in recent years (Aggarwal, Outlier Detection in High Dimensional Data, [6]; Angiulli, Fast Outlier Detection in High Dimensional Spaces, [9]; Bay, Mining distance-based outliers in near linear time with randomization and a simple pruning rule, [11]; Breunig, LOF: Identifying Density-based Local Outliers, [14]; Knorr, Algorithms for Mining Distance-based Outliers in Large Datasets, [35]; Knorr, Finding Intensional Knowledge of Distance-Based Outliers, [36]; Jin, Mining top-n local outliers in large databases, [39]; Johnson, Fast computation of 2-dimensional depth contours, [40]; Papadimitriou, LOCI: Fast outlier detection using the local correlation integral, [53]; Ramaswamy, Efficient Algorithms for Mining Outliers from Large Data Sets, [55]).
Transparent Heterogeneous Backing Store for File Systems

We present Nswap2L-FS, a fast, adaptable, and heterogeneous storage system for backing file data in clusters. Nswap2L-FS particularly targets backing temporary files, such as those created by data-intensive applications for storing intermediate results. Our work addresses the problem of how to efficiently and effectively make use of heterogeneous storage devices that are increasingly common in clusters. Nswap2L-FS implements a two-layer device design. The top layer transpar- ently manages a set of bottom layer physical storage devices, which may include SSD, HDD, and its own implementation of network RAM. Nswap2L-FS appears to node operating systems as a single, fast backing storage device for file systems, hiding the complexity of heterogeneous storage management from OS subsystems. Internally, it implements adaptable and tunable policies that specify where data should be placed and whether data should be migrated from one underlying physical device to another based on resource usage and the characteristics of different devices. We present solutions to challenges that are specific to supporting backing filesystems, including how to efficiently support a wide range of I/O request sizes and balancing fast storage goals with expectations of persistence of stored file data. Nswap2L-FS defines relaxed persistence guarantees on individual file writes to achieve faster I/O accesses; less stringent persistence semantics allow it to make use of network RAM to store file data, resulting in faster file I/O to applications. Relaxed persistence guarantees are acceptable in many situations, particularly those involving short-lived data such as temporary files. Nswap2L-FS provides a persistence snapshot mechanism that can be used by applications or checkpointing systems to ensure that file data are persistent at certain points in their execution. Nswap2L-FS is implemented as a Linux block device driver that can be added as a file partition on individual cluster nodes. Experimental results show that file-intensive applications run faster when using Nswap2L-FS as backing store. Additionally, its adaptive data placement and migration policies, which make effective use of different underlying physical storage devices, result in performance exceeding that of any single device.
Evaluation of directive-based performance portable programming models

We present an extended exploration of the performance portability of directives provided by OpenMP 4 and OpenACC to program various types of node architectures with attached accelerators. To do this, we use examples of algorithms with varying computational intensities for our evaluation, as both compute and data access efficiency are important considerations for overall application performance. We implement the kernels of interest using various methods provided by newer OpenACC and OpenMP implementations, and we evaluate their performance on various platforms including both x86\_64 and Power8 with attached NVIDIA GPUs, X86\_64 multicores, self-hosted Intel Xeon Phi KNL, as well as an X86\_64 host system with Intel Xeon Phi coprocessors. Furthermore, we present in detail what factors affected the performance portability, including how to pick the right programming model, its programming style, its availability on different platforms, and how well compilers can optimise and target multiple platforms.
Using Preclinical Models to Understand the Neural Basis of Negative Urgency

Abstract Negative urgency is a facet of impulsivity that is known to be associated with problematic substance use, as well as a host of other health-related negative outcomes. The urgency, premediation (lack of), perseverance (lack of), sensation seeking (UPPS) scale is used to measure negative urgency in humans. Recent evidence indicates that high and low negative urgency subjects respond differently on a reward omission task using monetary incentives. Following omission of an expected reward, high-urgency subjects are more frustrated and display greater impulsive responding compared to low-urgency subjects. This task has also been used in rats to investigate the neurobiology of negative urgency. Converging evidence now indicates that a neural system involving interconnections between the prefrontal cortex and amygdala may play a key role in individual differences in negative urgency. This work may inform prevention scientists and practitioners implementing drug abuse prevention and treatment interventions.
Circulatory Diseases and Aging

Age patterns of incidence rates of major circulatory diseases (CDs), their time trends, risk factors, and other characteristics capable of contributing to the debates on the role of aging in the deterioration of human health are investigated using standard statistical methods. The need for approaches capable of addressing more sophisticated questions about the connection between CD and aging-related changes in the human organism are discussed. Methods of statistical modeling are considered an efficient tool for studying the effects of the complex interplay between external and internal processes contributing to deterioration of the status of health, well-being, and survival. Their strength, limitations, and perspectives on their application to available data sets are described.
Opportunities and challenges for tandem solar cells using metal halide perovskite semiconductors

Metal halide perovskite semiconductors possess excellent optoelectronic properties, allowing them to reach high solar cell performances. They have tunable bandgaps and can be rapidly and cheaply deposited from low-cost precursors, making them ideal candidate materials for tandem solar cells, either by using perovskites as the wide-bandgap top cell paired with low-bandgap silicon or copper indium diselenide bottom cells or by using both wide- and small-bandgap perovskite semiconductors to make all-perovskite tandem solar cells. This Review highlights the unique potential of perovskite tandem solar cells to reach solar-to-electricity conversion efficiencies far above those of single-junction solar cells at low costs. We discuss the recent developments in perovskite-based tandem fabrication, and detail directions for future research to take this technology beyond the proof-of-concept stage. Perovskites, with their wide bandgap range, are good partners for both commercial and novel photovoltaic technologies in multijunction solar cells. Here, McGehee and co-workers review recent material and device developments and highlight future challenges and opportunities for perovskite-based tandems.
Indoor Human Activity Recognition Based on Ambient Radar with Signal Processing and Machine Learning

Indoor human activity recognition has been extensively investigated. However, most of the solutions require sensors e.g. 9-axis IMU be equipped on human body or use image processing that presents privacy issues. This work proposes an ambient radar sensor based a solution to recognize the activities that humans normally perform in indoor environments. This solution uses a 7.8 GHz radar to emit 16 pulse signals every second and samples the reflected signals at 128 KHz to capture the fine dynamics of human activities. This solution designs a set of data preprocessing algorithms, including a data refining algorithm to filter outlier data, a contrastive divergence algorithm to remove background static reflection, and a transformation algorithm to convert the signal data into feature- rich spatial location changes. This solution also develops schemes to separate a collection of various activities into individuals. A lowpass frequency filter is designed to remove unwanted noisy data and the motion intensity is used to classify the activities into two high-level groups. It uses a slope-based approach and a k- means clustering to further finely recognize each activity. This solution has been extensively evaluated in a spacious research lab room and shows outstanding accuracy.
DO TIBIAL EMINENCE FRACTURES AND ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT TEARS HAVE SIMILAR OUTCOMES

Background:Avulsion fractures involving the tibial eminence are considered equivalent in terms of the cause to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears; however, there are limited data comparing the ...
Identifying Sub-documents in a Composite Scanned Document Using Naive Bayes, Levenshtein Distance and Domain Driven Knowledge Base

This paper presents an approach to classification of scanned documents by identifying the title of the document using Naive Bayes classifier, the predicted title is then validated using a domain driven knowledge base. Levenshtein distance is used to mitigate errors arising from the OCR (optical character recognition) algorithm. This approach produced significantly better results than using the Naive Bayes classifier by itself. This study contributes resources to the intelligent processing of real estate documents in the form of rich domain specific knowledge base.
Talent Management: A Delphi Study of Assessing and Developing Genz Hospitality Leaders

This study aims to examine how hospitality human resource (HR) professionals assess talent when recruiting college students, how MIT programs are structured and how recruiters perceive GenZ compared to Millennials.,A Delphi approach was used to collect the opinions of experts in the area of hospitality recruiting and talent development.,Results showed integrity and strong work ethic are top descriptors to define talent, and prior performance and soft skills are top items assessed when hiring talent. The participants view GenZ as desiring work-life balance, tech savvy, interested in social responsibility, more accepting of differences, wanting higher salaries and more tech savvy than Millennials.,Recruiters highly value prior work experience so students should be encouraged to pursue internships with companies they are interested in working for upon graduation. Providing mock interviews and networking events can help students better their soft skills. Organizations using MIT programs should use realistic job previews in the selection process and make regular coaching and mentoring a key part of the program. Hospitality organizations should place emphasis on GenZ’s quest for work-life balance and find ways to take advantage of their technology savviness.,This study is one of the first to understand how hospitality organizations’ MIT programs are structured. It is one of the few to examine how talent is defined and assessed by hospitality HR professionals and compare HR professionals’ perceptions of GenZ versus Millennials.
P124 A Qualitative Study of the Attitudes and Practices of Hispanic Mothers of Young Children Around Feeding Practices and Food Choices

Background There are socioeconomic factors particular to Hispanic populations that influence the way parents feed their children. As obesity continues to be a public health issue with substantial inequities across race and ethnicity, it is critical to understand Hispanic parents’ food choices and feeding practices. Objective To identify the behavioral, environmental, and cognitive factors that influence food choices and feeding behaviors of Hispanic mothers of children ages 0-5 years. Study Design, Settings, Participants Snowball sampling was used to recruit participants. Participants (n = 30) were included in the study if they were over 18, and self-identified as Hispanic/Latina and a mother of a child between the ages of 0-5 years. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in either English or Spanish and were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Measurable Outcome/Analysis Each interview consisted of a brief survey and open-ended questions based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) constructs. The questions centered on pediatric guidelines for healthy eating. A thematic analysis using a combined deductive and inductive approach is currently being used to analyze transcriptions. Results Emerging themes include challenges, attitudes, and strategies for both breastfeeding and introducing solid foods. Mothers had especially strong attitudes towards breastfeeding and expressed the importance of it but conversely described the multitudes of problems they experienced. Mothers described issues feeding their older children due to taste preferences and the methods they used to encourage eating, including bribing or tricking the child by hiding nutritious foods in recipes. Participants also described numerous sources of influence that shaped their feeding choices, the most common being other moms, healthcare providers, their culture, and the internet. Conclusion Hispanic mothers are actively seeking information from many different sources that impact how they feed their young children. Understanding their trusted sources and how it influences the SCT constructs is an important step in preventing early childhood obesity. Funding None.
Comparative genomics can provide new insights into the evolutionary mechanisms and gene function in CAM plants

Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis is an important biological innovation enabling plant adaptation to hot and dry environments. CAM plants feature high water-use efficiency, with potential for sustainable crop production under water-limited conditions. A deep understanding of CAM-related gene function and molecular evolution of CAM plants is critical for exploiting the potential of engineering CAM into C3 crops to enhance crop production on semi-arid or marginal agricultural lands. With the newly emerging genomics resources for multiple CAM species, progress has been made in comparative genomics studies on the molecular basis and subsequently on the evolution of CAM. Here, recent advances in CAM comparative genomics research in constitutive and facultative CAM plants are reviewed, with a focus on the analyses of DNA/protein sequences and gene expression to provide new insights into the path and driving force of CAM evolution and to identify candidate genes involved in CAM-related biological processes. Potential applications of new computational and experimental technologies (e.g. CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome-editing technology) to the comparative and evolutionary genomics research on CAM plants are offered.
Thoracic Repair of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (Open and MIS Approaches)

This chapter describes the endoscopic/surgical procedure for repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia as performed by the following approaches: open and thoracoscopic. The text includes an introduction that outlines the indications, risks, alternatives, essential steps, needed equipment, and variations in technique for the procedure in question. This is followed by a template operative dictation, which provides the reader with an operative report, such as is found in a patient chart or electronic medical record. A description of the following critical concepts for this procedure is provided: thoracic access, identification and dissection of the diaphragmatic defect, reduction of the herniated viscera, closure of defect, with or without a prosthetic patch, and chest closure.
Selfish mitochondria exploit nutrient status across different levels of selection

Cooperation and cheating are widespread evolutionary strategies. Competition can simultaneously favor cheating within groups and cooperation between groups. Selfish or cheater mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutants proliferate within hosts while being selected against at the level of host fitness. How does environment govern competition between cooperators and cheaters across different selection levels? Focusing on food availability, we address this question using heteroplasmic Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that by promoting germline development, nutrient status provides the niche space for mtDNA variants to compete. However, the within-host advantage of selfish mtDNA requires additional conditions, namely the FoxO transcription factor DAF-16. During food scarcity, DAF-16 mitigates the host fitness cost of the selfish mtDNA. We conclude that food availability, and resilience to food scarcity, govern selfish mtDNA dynamics across the levels of selection. Our study integrates an evolutionary framework with experimentation to identify cellular mechanisms underlying the multilevel selection that characterizes cheater dynamics.
Stress Cardiomyopathy Precipitated by Withdrawal of Epoprostenol.

Abstract We describe a case of stress-induced cardiomyopathy following epoprostenol withdrawal. A patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension presented with a malfunctioning Hickman catheter. Inap...
Differences in Women's Substance-Related Sexual Assaults: Force, Impairment, and Combined Assault Types

This study furthers previous research on sexual assaults (SAs) involving substances and/or force by examining effects of perpetrator behaviors of alcohol and/or drug impairment level (none, impaire...
Recent updates in salivary gland tumors of the lung

Salivary gland tumors are uncommon primary lesions in the lung. Their morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular characteristics resemble those of their counterparts in the head and neck or elsewhere. Most common primary pulmonary salivary gland tumors include mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. The study of these neoplasms is hampered by their paucity. Therefore, studies are in general small or restricted to individual cases. Despite this challenge recent advances have been made specifically at the molecular level. Molecular alterations such as MAML2 rearrangements in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, MYB rearrangements in adenoid cystic carcinomas, and EWSR1 rearrangements in hyalinizing clear cell carcinomas and myoepithelial tumors have been identified. These molecular alterations might be helpful in the distinction of these salivary gland tumors from other neoplasms in the lung. However, the distinction from metastatic disease remains challenging. Awareness of these tumors and knowledge of available ancillary studies to confirm the diagnosis is important to avoid misdiagnosis which might lead to differences in treatment, management, and prognosis. Further studies are needed to identify biomarkers to better predict patient's outcome and for individual management and treatment of patients.
Birdsong fails to support object categorization in human infants

Recent evidence reveals a precocious link between language and cognition in human infants: listening to their native language supports infants' core cognitive processes, including object categorization, and does so in a way that other acoustic signals (e.g., time-reversed speech; sine-wave tone sequences) do not. Moreover, language is not the only signal that confers this cognitive advantage: listening to vocalizations of non-human primates also supports object categorization in 3- and 4-month-olds. Here, we move beyond primate vocalizations to clarify the breadth of acoustic signals that promote infant cognition. We ask whether listening to birdsong, another naturally produced animal vocalization, also supports object categorization in 3- and 4-month-old infants. We report that listening to zebra finch song failed to confer a cognitive advantage. This outcome brings us closer to identifying a boundary condition on the range of non-linguistic acoustic signals that initially support infant cognition.
49502 CHANGES IN DEPENDENCE, WITHDRAWAL, AND CRAVING AMONG ADULT SMOKERS WHO SWITCH TO NICOTINE SALT POD-BASED E-CIGARETTES

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This research suggests that African American and Latinx smokers who bear a disproportionate burden of tobacco-related harms are able to switch to e-cigarettes that present reduced harm to the user due to their similar reinforcement profile to cigarettes. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Complete switching from combustible to electronic cigarettes (ECs) reduces harm to the user. For ECs to be a viable substitute, they need to be rewarding enough for regular use, indicated by factors such as craving and dependence (reinforcement value). Little is known about short-term changes in reinforcement value across trajectories of EC use. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants were randomized 2:1 to switch to a nicotine salt pod system EC or continue smoking (assessment-only control) in a 6-week trial. 114 African American (n=60) and Latinx (n=54) smokers were randomized to receive ECs and are included in the current investigation. At week 6, participants were classified by use trajectory: exclusive smokers (n=16), exclusive EC users (n=32), or dual users (n=66). Participants reported on their EC, cigarette, and total nicotine dependence (cigarette + EC dependence), cigarette and EC use, and nicotine craving and withdrawal at baseline and week 6. Cotinine and exhaled carbon monoxide were assessed at baseline and week 6. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Participants who completely switched from smoking to ECs (exclusive EC users) and those that partially switched (dual users), maintained cotinine levels (ps>.05) and showed reductions in cigarette dependence and withdrawal (ps<.01). However, exclusive EC users showed no significant changes in total nicotine dependence from baseline to week 6 (p=.123), while dual users showed increased total nicotine dependence (p<.001). Dual users displayed similar levels of EC dependence as exclusive EC users but a lesser reduction in cigarette dependence. Exclusive EC users and dual users showed reductions in craving and withdrawal from baseline to week 6. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This study is among the first to prospectively examine changes in dependence, craving, and withdrawal among an understudied sample of smokers making a switch attempt. Smokers who completely switch to ECs maintain nicotine levels and dependence, suggesting that they have a similar reinforcement profile to cigarettes and facilitate switching.
Exposure to Verbally and Physically Aggressive TV: In Search of a Cross-over Effect

This study examined the contribution of verbally aggressive and physically aggressive TV exposure to self-reported verbal and physical aggression. Verbally aggressive TV exposure was calculated by ...
An Intervention by and for Transgender Women Living With HIV: Study Protocol for a Two-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Efficacy of “Healthy Divas” to Improve HIV Care Outcomes

Introduction: Transgender women (assigned “male” at birth but who do not identify as male) are disproportionately impacted by HIV and experience unique barriers and facilitators to HIV care engagement. In formative work, we identified culturally specific and modifiable barriers to HIV treatment engagement among transgender women living with HIV (TWH), including prioritising transition-related healthcare over HIV treatment, avoiding HIV care settings due to gender-related and HIV stigma, concerns about potential drug interactions with hormones, and inadequate social support. Grounded in the investigators' Models of Gender Affirmation and Health Care Empowerment, we developed the Healthy Divas intervention to optimise engagement in HIV care among TWH at risk for treatment failure and consequential morbidity, mortality, and onward transmission of HIV. Methods and analysis: We conducted a 2-arm randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the intervention’s efficacy in Los Angeles and San Francisco to improve engagement in care among TWH (N=278). The primary outcome was virologic control indicated by undetectable HIV-1 level (undetectability = < 20 copies/mL), at baseline and follow-up assessment for 12 months at 3-month intervals. Ethics and dissemination: This study was approved by University of California, San Francisco Institutional Review Board (15-17910) and Western Institutional Review Board (20181370). Participants provided informed consent before enrolment in the study. We are committed to collaboration with National Institutes of Health officials, other researchers, and health and social services communities for rapid dissemination of data and sharing of materials. The results will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and scientific presentations. We will make our results available to researchers interested in transgender health to avoid unintentional duplication of research, as well as to others in health and social services communities, including HIV clinics, LGBT community-based organisations, and AIDS service organisations.
Understanding the Social Implications of ICT in Medicine and Health: the Role of Professional Societies

In past times, engineers and other ICT professionals could normally function exclusively within an environment of purely technical dimensions. This sphere could be easily delineated from those involving policy, political or social questions. Consequently, these professions could well be characterized as generally isolated from mainstream society, engendering a condition that Zussman [1985] has described as a “technical rationality that is the engineer’s stock-in-trade requir[ing] the calculation of means for the realization of given ends. But it requir[ing] no broad insight into those ends or their consequences”. This condition has often led to a perceived technical mindset that according to Florman [1976], draws upon “the comfort that comes with the total absorption in a mechanical environment. The world becomes reduced and manageable, controlled and unchaotic”.
Diagnostic Results and Indications

The relationship between the data obtained from provocative tests and angiographically assessed coronary artery disease is usually expressed in terms of sensitivity (the frequency of a positive test result in a population of patients with coronary artery disease) and specificity (the frequency of a negative test result in a population of patients without disease). This game can be played in very different ways, since the values of sensitivity and specificity in a given population are affected by a constellation of factors, some of which — more relevant to stress echocardiography — are summarized in Tables 1 and 2. These factors are related to the patient population, angiographic standard, stress methodology, and criteria of interpretation. Any stress echocardiography test gives higher values of sensitivity in the presence of more severe and extensive coronary artery disease. For any given level of stenosis, vasodilator stresses [2], but not inotropic stresses [3], are associated with higher sensitivity with angiographic coronary lesions of the “complex” type (i. e., with intraluminal filling defects and/or irregular margins suggestive of thrombus and/or ulcers) [2]. Angiographically assessed good coronary collateral circulation makes the myocardium more vulnerable to ischemia during vasodilator stresses [4], whereas exercise or inotropic stresses results are independent of angiographically assessed collateral circulation [5].
Relationships between physical activity and depressive symptoms among middle and older adolescents: a review of the research literature.

Purpose. The purpose of the review was to describe current knowledge regarding relationships between physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms among adolescents. Conclusions. Inverse relationships were found between PA, particularly sports participation, and depressive symptoms. Limitations of the current research are discussed, including measurement issues. A major gap exists regarding research with youth at high risk for depressive symptoms and low levels of PA, including older, low-income, minority females. Future research should focus on high-risk populations such as youth attending alternative high schools. Practice Implications. Nurses should consider promoting PA among middle and older adolescents as a way to prevent depressive symptoms and consider integrating PA into care plans for those experiencing depressive symptoms.
The Green's function method for nuclear engineering applications

The Green`s function method (GFM) is employed to obtain scalar and angular flux distributions in heterogeneous slab geometry with isotropic scattering. All solutions utilize the infinite-medium Green`s function to obtain results in finite media. Past Green`s function analyses that do not resort to expansions of the angular flux in basis functions have been performed for nonmultiplying media only; in this paper, results are provided, for the first time, for both multiplying and nonmultiplying media using the GFM. Several source configurations are considered, including a beam source on the leftmost face, isotropic incidence on any face, and constant inhomogeneous volume sources in internal materials. Scalar and angular flux distributions compare favorably with those obtained using the F{sub N} method as well as the ONEDANT discrete ordinates code. In addition, the single and heterogeneous critical slab problems are investigated and solved using the GFM.
“Nature’s ‘Negative’ and the Production of Monstrosity in Frankenstein”

Despite the lure of Alpine landscapes, Frankenstein hasn’t been taken up at length by many ecocritics. This article will examine monstrosity and acculturation in the context of Western culture’s objectification of nonhuman nature, circling back to bodies of water and the extraordinary environmental conditions of the novel’s production. Alongside explicit references to and representations of the natural world, human responses to nonhuman nature are often negatively inscribed, inversely articulated or unconscious, in culture. Reading dialectically foregrounds both types of inscription. A dialectical ecocriticism, what I am calling ecocultural materialism or an ecocultural approach, as a critical position and methodology, suggests that nonhuman nature not only encompasses and impacts human cultures, in ways that we can and cannot see, but that it also might serve as an intervention in human cultures, in ways that we both can and cannot understand.
Synthesis and characterization of nanorods for magnetic rotational spectroscopy

Magnetic rotational spectroscopy (MRS) with magnetic nanoprobes is a powerful method for in-situ characterization of minute amounts of complex fluids. In MRS, a uniformly rotating magnetic field rotates magnetic micro- or nano-probes in the liquid and one analyzes the features of the probe rotation to extract rheological parameters of liquids. Magnetic properties of nanoprobes must be well characterized and understood to make results reliable and reproducible. Ni and Co nanorods synthesized by electrochemical template synthesis in alumina membranes are discussed in applications to MRS. We employ alternating gradient field magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, and magnetic force microscopy to evaluate and compare properties of these nanorods and study their performance as the MRS probes. It is shown that nickel nanorods do not seem to violate any assumptions of the MRS rigid dipole theory, while cobalt nanorods do.
KRAS (but not BRAF) mutations in ovarian serous borderline tumour are associated with recurrent low-grade serous carcinoma

BRAF and KRAS mutations in ovarian serous borderline tumours (OSBTs) and ovarian low-grade serous carcinomas (LGSCs) have been previously described. However, whether those OSBTs would progress to LGSCs or whether those LGSCs were developed from OSBT precursors in previous studies is unknown. Therefore, we assessed KRAS and BRAF mutations in tumour samples from 23 recurrent LGSC patients with a known initial diagnosis of OSBT. Paraffin blocks from both OSBT and LGSC samples were available for five patients, and either OSBTs or LGSCs were available for another 18 patients. Tumour cells from paraffin-embedded tissues were dissected out for mutation analysis by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing. Tumours that appeared to have wild-type KRAS by conventional PCR–Sanger sequencing were further analysed by full COLD (co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature)-PCR and deep sequencing. Full COLD-PCR was able to enrich the amplification of mutated alleles. Deep sequencing was performed with the Ion Torrent personal genome machine (PGM). By conventional PCR–Sanger sequencing, BRAF mutation was detected only in one patient and KRAS mutations were detected in ten patients. Full COLD-PCR deep sequencing detected low-abundance KRAS mutations in eight additional patients. Three of the five patients with both OSBT and LGSC samples available had the same KRAS mutations detected in both OSBT and LGSC samples. The remaining two patients had only KRAS mutations detected in their LGSC samples. For patients with either OSBT or LGSC samples available, KRAS mutations were detected in seven OSBT samples and six LGSC samples. Surprisingly, patients with the KRAS G12V mutation have shorter survival times. In summary, KRAS mutations are very common in recurrent LGSC, while BRAF mutations are rare. The findings indicate that recurrent LGSC can arise from proliferation of OSBT tumour cells with or without detectable KRAS mutations. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feeling powerless: Locus of control as a potential target for supportive care interventions to increase quality of life and decrease anxiety in ovarian cancer patients.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate if an individual's locus of control (LOC) predicts various quality of life (QOL) and mental well-being measures. To identify targets that might enhance the overall spiritual well-being and QOL of ovarian cancer patients. Methods Multi-site analysis of women with newly diagnosed stages II–IV ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer. Patients completed the following surveys: Locus of Control Scale (LOC), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Ovarian (FACT-O), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Spiritual (FACIT-Sp), Edmonton Symptom Assessment score (ESAS), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), and Herth Hope Index (HHI). Regression models were created to examine the effect of LOC upon QOL, symptoms, and other measures of mental well-being. These models adjusted for the effect of site of care, race, and partnership status as potential confounders. Results This study enrolled 104 patients from three separate treatment facilities. After adjusting for site, race and partnership status, higher levels of external LOC predicted decreased QOL (FACT-O) (p Discussion Ovarian cancer patients with a high external LOC may be at risk for decreased QOL at the time of their cancer diagnosis. They may also experience higher levels of anxiety and decreased feelings of hope. Identification of these women and interventions designed to increase a woman's sense of control over her situation may improve QOL and overall mental well-being.
What Was Aristotle Doing in His Early Logic, Anyway? a Reply to Woods and Hansen

En reponse a l'article precedent de J. Woods et H. Hansen critiquant sa lecture de la conception aristotelicienne du paralogisme («Hintikka on Aristotle's fallacies», in «Synthese», 113, 2, 1997, pp. 217-39), l'A. montre que la distinction etablie entre les erreurs relevant de l'inference logique et celles relevant du questionnement constitue une classification anachronique des paralogismes etudies par Aristote dans les «Topiques» et dans le traite «De sophisticis elenchis» consacre a la methode socratique d'enquete rationnelle
Effects of diffraction and static wavefront errors on high-contrast imaging from the Thirty Meter Telescope

High-contrast imaging, particularly direct detection of extrasolar planets, is a major science driver for the next generation of extremely large telescopes such as the segmented Thirty Meter Telescope. This goal requires more than merely diffraction-limited imaging, but also attention to residual scattered light from wavefront errors and diffraction effects at the contrast level of 10-8-10-9. Using a wave-optics simulation of adaptive optics and a diffraction suppression system we investigate diffraction from the segmentation geometry, intersegment gaps, obscuration by the secondary mirror and its supports. We find that the large obscurations pose a greater challenge than the much smaller segment gaps. In addition the impact of wavefront errors from the primary mirror, including segment alignment and figure errors, are analyzed. Segment-to-segment reflectivity variations and residual segment figure error will be the dominant error contributors from the primary mirror. Strategies to mitigate these errors are discussed.
Experiences with optical internetworking forum (OIF) user to network interface (UNI) interoperability trials

The UNI interoperability trial was an extremely successful event. It achieved it's goals of accelerating the development and adoption of UNI inter-working agreements, as a result the OIF UNI 1.0 inter-working agreement has a high level of maturity and a final draft has been submitted for principal ballot. In addition generalised multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) signaling drafts are also in a very mature state and may soon move to the RFC stage of the standardization process.
An extended nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium model for tall fescue

Abstract Dry matter yields and plant nutrient uptake of forage grasses are influenced by levels of applied nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Response to one element generally depends on levels of the other two. In this article, a mathematical model is presented which includes the major elements, N, P, and K as inputs. It consists of triple logistic equations with a total of thirteen parameters. The model is evaluated for Kentucky 31 (KY 31) and Kenwell tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) grown at Watkinsville, GA on Cecil sandy loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic Hapludult). Procedures are described for parameter estimation. The model provides high correlation between yields and plant uptake of N, P, and K with applied N, P, and K for both cultivars of tall fescue, as demonstrated in response graphs and scatter diagrams. Intercept and N response coefficients from this study agree closely with those from previous work. Data from this study support the hyperbolic relationship betwe...
HYPERGLYCEMIA PER SE (INSULIN AND GLUCAGON WITHDRAWN) CAN INHIBIT HEPATIC GLUCOSE PRODUCTION IN MAN

We examined the effect of hyperglycemia per se on net splanchnic glucose balance. In 2 groups of normal postabsorptive men who had undergone hepatic vein catheterization, somatostatin was administered to block endogenous insulin and glucagon secretion. Exogenous glucose was infused in both groups to maintain euglycemia for 2 h in one group (n = 7) and to induce hyperglycemia of 220–240 mg/dl after 30 minutes of euglycemia in the second group (n = 4). In both groups the induction of insulinopenia and glucagonopenia with euglycemia maintained resulted in an initial 75% fall in net splanchnic glucose production (NSGP). In the group in which euglycemia was maintained NSGP returned to basal rates (157 ± 31 mg/min) within 2 h. However, in the group in which hyperglycemia was induced, NSGP did not return to basal rates but remained suppressed (28 ± 4 mg/min) for the duration of the study. These data in normal man indicate that hyperglycemia per se with insulin and glucagon acutely withdrawn can suppress splanchn...
The rare occurrence of plant tissue culture contamination by Methylobacterium mesophilicum

A pink-pigmented, facultative methylotrophic (PPFM) bacterium, Methylobacterium mesophilicum, which is found on the leaf surface of most plants, has been reported to be a covert contaminant of tissue cultures initiated from Glycine max (soybean) leaves and seeds by Holland and Polacco (1992). The bacteria can be detected as pink colonies when leaves are pressed or tissue culture homogenates are plated on a medium with methanol as the sole carbon source. Since the presence of contaminating bacteria can confound any biochemical results obtained with such cultures (Holland and Polacco 1992), we wanted to determine the extent of the contamination of our tissue cultures of soybean and other species. No PPFMs were detected in any soybean culture we have, and previous results describing the biochemical characteristics of ureide utilization by one of our soybean suspension cultures (27C) also indicates that PPFM bacteria were not present. Analysis of about 200 other strains of 11 different species maintained in this lab showed that only three of about 160 callus cultures, recently initiated from Datura innoxia leaves, contained PPFMs. The D. innoxia leaves did have PPFMs on their surface but in most cases they did not survive the surface disinfestation and culture regimes. Thus PPFM bacterial contamination should not be a serious problem in most plant tissue cultures.
Bound-state wave functions and bound-state scattering in relativistic field theory

We describe how a matrix element of an operator may be calculated between bound states, in the framework of conventional relativistic field theory. In the course of doing so, we examine how bound-state creation and annihilation operators may be constructed, the asymptotic condition for bound states, what general types of wave functions are appropriate for describing bound states and why, graphical analysis involving bound states, and questions of renormalizability. The final result is a set of Feynman-type rules for calculating a matrix element. Those for the $S$ matrix are stated explicitly.
Interaction of procedural factors in human performance on yoked schedules.

The differential effects of reinforcement contingencies and contextual variables on human performance were investigated in two experiments. In Experiment 1, adult human subjects operated a joystick in a video game in which the destruction of targets was arranged according to a yoked variable-ratio variable-interval schedule of reinforcement. Three variables were examined across 12 conditions: verbal instructions, shaping, and the use of a consummatory response following reinforcement (i.e., depositing a coin into a bank). Behavior was most responsive to the reinforcement contingencies when the consummatory response was available, responding was established by shaping, and subjects received minimal verbal instructions about their task. The responsiveness of variable-interval subjects' behavior varied more than that of variable-ratio subjects when these contextual factors were altered. Experiment 2 examined resistance to instructional control under the same yoked-schedules design. Conditions varied in terms of the validity of instructions. Performance on variable-ratio schedules was more resistant to instructional control than that on variable-interval schedules.