cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Organic Chromium on Protein Synthesis and Glucose Uptake in Ruminants1

In vitro glucose uptake and protein synthesis were measured using serum from feedlot steers fed diets supplemented with organic Cr (OCr); glucose clearance was studied using sheep as a model. Treatments investigated for glucose uptake and protein synthesis were 1) control (0 ppm supplemental Cr), 2) 0.2 ppm supplemental OCr from high Cr yeast, and 3) 0.4 ppm supplemental OCr from high Cr yeast that contained 2,000 ppm Cr (2 mg Cr/g Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast) added to a 90% concentrate feedlot diet. The form of OCr supplied by high Cr yeast is presumably a glucose tolerance factor (GTF), which potentiates the action of insulin, and consists of Cr3+ centrally bound to or associated with cysteine, glutamate, glycine, and nicotinic acid residues. Serum harvested from steers fed 0.2- and 0.4-ppm OCr diets increased (P<0.05) protein synthesis in primary bovine muscle cultures. Glucose uptake rate by muscle cell cultures was increased (P<0.09) by serum from OCr-supplemented steers. Treatments investigated for glucose clearance by lambs were 1) control (0 ppm supplemental Cr), 2) 0.2 ppm, 3) 0.4 ppm, and 4) 0.8 ppm supplemental OCr from high Cr yeast added to a 85% concentrate finishing diet. Glucose clearance in lambs was improved (P<0.05) by addition of 0.2 and 0.8 ppm OCr to the diet. These results are interpreted to suggest that increased carcass muscling in ruminants fed OCr-supplemented diets is a result of improvements in amino acid uptake and glucose metabolism within muscle cells.
Metrics for the technical performance evaluation of light water reactor accident-tolerant fuel

AbstractThe safe, reliable, and economic operation of the nation’s nuclear power reactor fleet has always been a top priority for the nuclear industry. Continual improvement of technology, including advanced materials and nuclear fuels, remains central to the industry’s success. Enhancing the accident tolerance of light water reactors (LWRs) became a topic of serious discussion following the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, resulting tsunami, and subsequent damage to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant complex. The overall goal for the development of accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) for LWRs is to identify alternative fuel system technologies to further enhance the safety, competitiveness, and economics of commercial nuclear power. Designed for use in the current fleet of commercial LWRs or in reactor concepts with design certifications (GEN-III+), fuels with enhanced accident tolerance would endure loss of active cooling in the reactor core for a considerably longer period of time than the current fue...
Religiousness/Spirituality and Schizophrenia: Implications for Treatment and Community Support

Previous research into psychosis as it relates to religion or spirituality has focused on the phenomenon of religious delusion. Due to the prevalence of religious material in delusional systems, some psychiatrists may fear that all exposure to religion/spirituality conveys the risk of exacerbating psychosis. However, recent investigation reveals that for many psychotic patients, religion/spirituality offers solace, social support, and enhanced coping. Private religiousness/spirituality (i.e. prayer, beliefs, or a relationship to the divine) appears to be a prevalent method for coping with schizophrenia. Evidence also suggests that public religiousness (i.e. service attendance, Bible study groups) is helpful to some psychotic patients. Different styles of religious coping have been found to correlate with important health outcomes in the major psychoses, such as quality of life, medication adherence, substance abuse and suicide. If confirmed, this research may have clinical and public health implications. Mental health care providers may need to be trained to support religious coping among psychotic patients, rather than assuming it to be an irrelevant or possibly destabilizing force. Educational interventions may help religious groups to better accept and integrate individuals living with schizophrenia into their communities, thus enhancing social support for the severely mentally ill. This chapter will review the following topics: (1) the disabling and stigmatizing effects of severe mental illness, and the lack of adequate community support worldwide, in the context of limited available inpatient care; (2) the dearth of research characterizing relationships between religiousness/spirituality and severe mental illness, which exists in spite of the plethora of research on its relationship to depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and overall psychological well-being; (3) religious delusions in psychotic illness and concerns that exposure to religion may worsen psychosis; (4) the role of the cultural and religious context in determining how psychotic illness is understood; (5) review of past and current research on the relationship between religiousness/spirituality and health outcomes in the severely mentally ill; (6) directions for future research; and (7) potential implications of research for treatment and community interventions.
Perioperative Hearing Evaluations for Patients Undergoing Tympanostomy Tube Placement.

Importance Obtaining hearing thresholds is an important step in the evaluation of a child with otitis media because decreased hearing in the presence of a chronic middle ear effusion factors into the decision to place tympanostomy tubes (TTs). Objective To provide evidence regarding appropriate use of perioperative hearing evaluations in conjunction with TTs. Design, Setting, and Participants Case series with medical record review of all patients aged 0 to 24 years who received TTs at a tertiary pediatric care facility from June 1, 2010, through June 1, 2011. Medical records were abstracted by 1 researcher for surgical, audiometric, tympanometric, clinical, and patient demographic data. The data analysis was performed between December 1, 2014, and June 1, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures Audiometric data were examined to determine the number of patients with hearing loss preoperatively and postoperatively, with the intention to describe the population with no prior hypothesis regarding results. Results Of 2274 patients identified, 910 (40.0%) were female. Median (interquartile range) age at TT placement was 2.62 (1.48-4.94) years. A total of 1757 (77.3%) underwent audiometric evaluation preoperatively, 1742 (76.6%) postoperatively, and 1395 (61.3%) both preoperatively and postoperatively; 170 (7.5%) had no audiometric testing. Within 1 year after surgery, 271 (11.9%) of patients had evidence of nonfunctional tubes. Postoperatively, 19.9% (347 of the 1742 patients who received a postoperative evaluation) had hearing loss. In all, 89 (3.9%) patients had a permanent sensorineural hearing loss, and 15 (0.66%) had a persistent conductive hearing loss. Conclusions and Relevance A postoperative audiometric examination should be performed in children who have hearing loss when evaluated before TT placement to determine whether resolution of the hearing loss was obtained.
EQUATION-OF-STATE FROM SiO2 AEROGEL HUGONIOT DATA

The significance of the new aerogel data for the equation-of-state of SiO2 is discussed. On this basis the use of SiO2 aerogels as a standard witness material for Hugoniot release wave measurements is advocated.
Proteases and Protease Inhibitors

This chapter discusses the potential functions of proteases and protease inhibitors within the seminiferous epithelium. Proteolysis is one of several important posttranslational modifications that a protein can undergo during its lifetime. Proteolysis is the consequence of the opposing actions of proteases and their complementary inhibitors. Ubiquitously expressed in all biological tissues and fluids, proteases are enzymes capable of catalytically cleaving peptide bonds in proteins. Because of their enzymatic activities, proteases play major roles in the differentiation and function of all cells and tissues, and they can have a profound effect on the interactions of cells with their immediate microenvironments. These enzymes are essential for the remodeling or degradation of basement membranes, and consequently, the movement of cells within an epithelium. Specific proteases can also modify cell–substrate and cell–cell interactions by degrading or activating cell adhesion molecules, procytokines, and cell surface receptors. A protease often acts in cooperation with a network of other proteins, including their complementary inhibitors.
Degassed PDMS pump for controlled extraction from dried filter samples in microfluidic devices

Simplified sample collection methods can continue to advance the field of biosensors by decreasing the cost required to acquire and store samples and/or increasing the number of locations where the sensors can be used. Filter samples have become increasingly popular as low-cost, simple methods to collect samples and are widely used for a variety of applications including dried blood spots in neonatal screening. Dried filter samples, however, limit the available sample volume and require sample extraction for analysis, increasing analysis time and cost. Combining microfluidic devices with low-cost, power-free pumps made from degassed PDMS allows for simple control over extraction time from dried filters prior to fluid transport to internal electrodes for electrochemical biomarker detection while also removing the need for traditional powered pumps. When combined with an electrochemical microfluidic device, extraction for 5 min provided an extraction efficiency of 31.8 ± 5.6% for dopamine samples dried onto filters. The reported system provides a sensitivity of 9.9 ± 0.3 nA mM−1 for dopamine as a model analyte in a simple phosphate buffer, which could be further improved by stacking filters for simultaneous extraction and improving extraction efficiency from the filters. Dopamine-spiked control serum provided a signal distinguishable from the serum background, demonstrating the capability of the system to measure biomarkers in complex matrices.
France: Young physicists help research reforms

"It's marvellous. I'm really impressed!" Those comments from a participant at one of last month's national debates on the future of French research must be music to the ears of the government. It has grown more used in recent years to being attacked by scientists for its attempts to reform the country's research system.
Abstract P191: Increases in Cerebrospinal Fluid NaCl Concentration Excites Neurons of the Organum Vasculosum of the Lamina Terminalis to Elevate Sympathetic Outflow and Blood Pressure

Accumulating evidence suggests salt-sensitive hypertension is mediated partly by an increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NaCl concentration and elevation in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Increased NaCl concentration or osmolality is sensed by specialized neurons in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT). The present study investigated the contribution of these neurons to the SNA and arterial blood pressure (ABP) responses during acute increases in CSF NaCl concentrations. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with Inactin (120mg/kg, IV) and prepared for SNA and ABP recordings. Lateral ventricle infusion of 1M NaCl (5uL over 10 min) increased CSF [Na+] by 5±1 mM and elevated mean ABP (9±1 mmHg), lumbar SNA (125±3%) and adrenal SNA (121±5%) but decreased renal SNA (-9±1%, n=8) and did not alter splanchnic SNA (102±3%). Inhibition of the OVLT with injection of the GABAA agonist muscimol (2.5mM per 20nL, n=5) significantly attenuated the NaCl-induced increase in ABP (2±1 mmHg), lumbar SNA (102±1%), adrenal SNA (103±2%) and decrease in renal SNA (-3±1%). In vivo single-unit recordings demonstrate that lateral ventricular infusion of 1M NaCl (5uL per 10 min) significantly increased the firing rate in 75% (3/4) of OVLT neurons from 1.2±0.4Hz to 5.1±1.2Hz (P<0.05). Furthermore, direct injection of NaCl (100nL over 20s, n=3) into the OVLT produced dose-dependent increases in mean ABP (0.15M: 0±1mmHg; 0.5M: 2±1mmHg; 1.0M: 4±1mmHg; 2.0M: 7±1mmHg) and lumbar SNA (0.15M: 101±2%; 0.5M: 107±1%; 1.0M: 112±3%; 2.0M: 118±4%). Altogether, these findings suggest that increases in CSF NaCl concentrations excite OVLT neurons to elevate lumbar and adrenal SNA and ABP.
Normalization of Testosterone Levels After Testosterone Replacement Therapy Is Associated With Decreased Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation.

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several small studies have reported that low serum total testosterone (TT) levels were associated with a higher incidence of AF. In contrast, it is also reported that anabolic steroid use is associated with an increase in the risk of AF. To date, no study has explored the effect of testosterone normalization on new incidence of AF after testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in patients with low testosterone. Methods and Results Using data from the Veterans Administrations Corporate Data Warehouse, we identified a national cohort of 76 639 veterans with low TT levels and divided them into 3 groups. Group 1 had TRT resulting in normalization of TT levels (normalized TRT), group 2 had TRT without normalization of TT levels (nonnormalized TRT), and group 3 did not receive TRT (no TRT). Propensity score–weighted stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting Cox proportional hazard methods were used for analysis of the data from these groups to determine the association between post‐TRT levels of TT and the incidence of AF. Group 1 (40 856 patients, median age 66 years) had significantly lower risk of AF than group 2 (23 939 patients, median age 65 years; hazard ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.81–0.99, P =0.0255) and group 3 (11 853 patients, median age 67 years; hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.70–0.89, P =0.0001). There was no statistical difference between groups 2 and 3 (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.78– 1.0009, P =0.0675) in incidence of AF. Conclusions These novel results suggest that normalization of TT levels after TRT is associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of AF.
Keep calm and carry on (ethically): Durable moral courage in the workplace

Abstract We develop a model of factors that enable morally courageous actors to carry on even after encountering organizational opposition. The model specifies that durable moral courage facilitates continued moral action and that demoralization inhibits it, and presents the perceived manageability of the organizational response as a factor affecting the extent to which an actor experiences durable moral courage and/or demoralization. It is proposed that moral efficacy, hardiness, and planning for endurance insulate the actor before an act of moral courage, by enhancing the perceived manageability of the organizational response; and that emotional self-regulation fortifies the actor by enhancing the perceived manageability of that response once it comes. It is also posited that moral efficacy and hardiness contribute directly to durable moral courage, hardiness and planning for endurance increase durable moral courage by promoting moral efficacy, and emotional self-regulation augments planning for endurance. Implications for research and practice are offered.
THE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION COLLABORATIVE OCCULTATION NETWORK: A SYSTEM FOR COORDINATED TNO OCCULTATION OBSERVATIONS

We describe a new system and method for collecting coordinated occultation observations of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Occultations by objects in the outer solar system are more difficult to predict due to their large distance and limited span of the astrometric data used to determine their orbits and positions. This project brings together the research and educational community into a unique citizen-science partnership to overcome the difficulties of observing these distant objects. The goal of the project is to get sizes and shapes for TNOs with diameters larger than 100 km. As a result of the system design it will also serve as a probe for binary systems with spatial separations as small as contact systems. Traditional occultation efforts strive to get a prediction sufficiently good to place mobile ground stations in the shadow track. Our system takes a new approach of setting up a large number of fixed observing stations and letting the shadows come to the network. The nominal spacing of the stations is 50 km so that we ensure two chords at our limiting size. The spread of the network is roughly 2000 km along a roughly north–south line in the western United States. The network contains 56 stations that are committed to the project and we get additional ad hoc support from International Occultation Timing Association members. At our minimum size, two stations will record an event while the other stations will be probing the inner regions for secondary events. Larger objects will get more chords and will allow determination of shape profiles. The stations are almost exclusively sited and associated with schools, usually at the 9–12 grade level. We present a full description of the system we have developed for the continued exploration of the Kuiper Belt.
Updated Reported Distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the United States, 1995-2016.

Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) are potential vectors of Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses in the United States. A Zika virus outbreak in Florida in the summer of 2016, driven by Ae. aegypti and resulting in > 200 locally acquired cases of human illness, underscored the need for up-to-date information on the geographic distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the United States. In early 2016, we conducted a survey and literature review to compile county records for presence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the United States from 1995 to 2016. Surveillance for these vectors was intensified across the United States during the summer and fall of 2016. At the end of 2016, we therefore conducted a follow-up survey of mosquito control agencies, university researchers, and state and local health departments to document new collection records for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The repeated survey at the end of the year added Ae. aegypti collection records from 38 new counties and Ae. albopictus collection records from 127 new counties, representing a 21 and 10 percent increase, respectively, in the number of counties with reported presence of these mosquitoes compared with the previous report. Moreover, through our updated survey, 40 and 183 counties, respectively, added additional years of collection records for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from 1995 to 2016. Our findings underscore the continued need for systematic surveillance of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.
Repeated study of items with and without repeated context: aging effects on memory discriminability

ABSTRACTPresenting items multiple times during encoding is a common way to enhance recognition accuracy. Under such conditions, older adults often show an increase in false recognition that counteracts benefits of repeated study. Using a false-memory paradigm with related study items and related lures, we tested whether repetition within the same encoding task or repetition across two different encoding tasks would be more beneficial to older adults’ memory discriminability. Results showed that, compared to items not repeated at study, items repeated in the same context and items repeated across different contexts showed improvements in memory discriminability in both young and older adults. This improvement was primarily reflected in improved recollection responses for both age groups across both repeat study conditions, as compared to no repetition. Importantly, the results demonstrated that repetition can be used to successfully mitigate age-related deficits by increasing memory discriminability and wi...
Optimized dual-linear polarization frequency scanning microstrip array antenna for cylindrical polarimetric phased array radar (CPPAR)

The design and simulation results of an optimized dual linear polarization frequency scanning microstrip antenna for CPPAR are presented. The antenna radiation pattern has been optimized to have matched horizontal and vertical polarization pointing angles at 2.8 GHz. The simulation results show that the beam pointing angle mismatch in the optimized antenna is less than 0.18° from 2.75 GHz to 2.85 GHz and is approximately 0.04° at 2.8 GHz, which are acceptable for weather measurement applications.
392 IMPROVING THE RATES OF DIABETIC FOOT EXAMINATION SCREENING IN PRIMARY CARE.

Background The diabetic foot examination (DFE) is an important part of care for patients with diabetes and should be documented on every patient once per year. However, the rate of yearly DFE is variable among primary care providers. Our objectives were to measure our rate of DFE performance on patients with diabetes and to use a quality improvement intervention to improve compliance with DFE performance. Methods Patients were eligible for inclusion if they received primary care in an academic affiliated primary care practice and had a diagnosis of diabetes. We performed a chart review to measure our baseline rate of DFE. A team of people, including primary care physicians and nurses, used Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles of change to improve the rate of DFE. We tested patient education posters, a DFE template in the EMR for patients with diabetes, and a team approach in which patient care technicians and nurses performed the DFE and alerted the provider to the results. The outcome of interest was appropriate documentation of the DFE, which was defined as a visual inspection, a pulse examination, a test of sensation, and a monofilament examination. The effects of each change were tracked using a run-chart method for a 12-month intervention period. results We identified 337 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Our chart review revealed that our baseline rate of yearly DFE was 17%. After the 12-month intervention period, the rates of DFE at our center improved from the baseline of 17 to 84%. After implementation of the patient education posters, the proportion of patients with a documented DFE increased minimally. Implementation of the templated note in the EMR yielded an additional improvement from 20 to 53%. Finally, we found the implementation of the team approach to the foot examination increased our rate of DFE documentation from 53 to 84%. Barriers that were identified when implementing these cycles of change included the time constraints of the clinic visit and provider acceptance of their need to improve rates of DFE in their personal practice. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that applying cycles of change, using a team of physicians and nurses and patient care technicians, can improve the rates of DFEs. These data suggest that applying a team approach to other clinical outcomes may improve rates of compliance with guidelines for the care of other chronic diseases, such as coronary artery disease or asthma.
Effect of Surface Modification on In-Depth Transformations and Flexural Strength of Zirconia Ceramics.

PURPOSE Chairside surface adjustments of zirconia dental restorations enhance the toughening stress-induced tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation and domain reorientation by ferro-elastic domain switching (FDS), but also trigger subsurface damage, which could compromise long-term clinical performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the depth of phase transformation, associated FDS, and flexural strength of dental zirconia (BruxZir HT 2.0), after chairside surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Square specimens were sectioned from CAD/CAM blocks and sintered according to manufacturer's recommendations (n = 30). They were left as-sintered (AS; control), air abraded with fine (AAF) or coarse (AAC) alumina particles, ground (G) or ground and polished (GP). Roughness was measured by profilometry. Crystalline phases were investigated by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) (n = 3). GIXRD data were fit using semi-log regression protocols to assess transformation depth and extent of FDS. The mean biaxial flexural strength was measured according to ISO 6872. Subsurface damage was assessed from SEM images using a bonded polished interface configuration. Flaw distribution was assessed by Weibull analysis. Results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis with Tukey's adjustment for multiple comparisons (p < 0.05). RESULTS Air-abraded and ground groups exhibited higher mean surface roughness than control. AAF group exhibited the highest flexural strength (1662.6 ± 202.6 MPa) with flaw size (5.9 ± 1.8 μm) smaller than transformation (14.5 ± 1.2 μm) or FDS depth (19.3 ± 1.1 μm), followed by GP group (1567.2 ± 209.7 MPa) with smallest FDS depth (9.3 ± 2.0 μm) and flaw size (2.6 ± 1.8 μm), but without m-phase. AAC group (1371.4 ± 147.6 MPa) had the largest flaw size (40.3 ± 20.3 μm), transformation depth (47.2 ± 3.0 μm) and FDS depth (41.2 ± 2.2 μm). G group (1357.0 ± 196.7 MPa) had the smallest transformation depth (8.6 ± 1.5 μm), and mean FDS depth (19.8 ± 3.7 μm) and flaw size (18.6 ± 3.1 μm). AAC and AAF exhibited the highest Weibull modulus (11.2 ± 0.4 and 9.8 ± 0.3 μm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Variations in mean biaxial flexural strength were explained by the balance between the depth of toughening mechanisms (phase transformation and FDS) and subsurface damage. AAF and GP groups were the most efficient surface adjustments in promoting the highest mean biaxial flexural strength.
Position location based on measurement reports in LTE cellular networks

This paper proposes a new method to estimate the accuracy of locating LTE cellular subscribers. The proposed method is hybrid network-based method; it depends on the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements and the predicted cell serving area. It uses LTE measurements and cell information, together with a simple predictive model, for the user equipment (UE) geo-location in two dimensions plan. The proposed work is evaluated by comparing estimations with Global Positioning System measurements in various scenarios determined by the number of sectors and sites that UE simultaneously reports. The root mean square error is calculated for the method validation. The main result shows how the location accuracy depends on the number of reported sectors and sites.
The α-quantization of lepton, quark and particle lifetimes

There are 196 elementary particles with well-measured lifetimes. Plotted logarithmically, they group into four Zones: (1) > 10−7 s; (2) 10−7–10−14 s; (3) 10−14–10−21 s; (4) 10−21–10−25 s, as follows: (1) neutron and muon; (2) quark ground-state particles with flavor-breaking electroweak decays: (3) quark ground-state particles with flavor-conserving and radiative decays; (4) short-lived excited states and high-energy W, Z, Higgs boson and t-quark states. Ground states have α-quantized lifetimes, while excited states occur with a continuum of values. An α-quantized lifetime grid is anchored on the π± lifetime, and extends over 12 powers of α, where α−1 ~ 137 is the fine structure constant. Ground-state lifetimes separate into (u,d), s, c, b flavor groups, each dominated by a single quark, in accordance with the rule (u,d) > s > b > c. Flavor-breaking lifetimes are longer than flavor-conserving lifetimes by a factor of ~ α−4. Each Zone (2) flavor group has a central lifetime, and deviations occur as integer factors of ~ 2, 3, or 4. This observed lifetime α-dependence is conjugate to an observed mass/energy α-dependence.
Olefin Metathesis by Well-Characterized Re(VII) Alkylidene/Alkylidyne Complexes

A convenient one pot synthesis of Re(NR)2(py)Cl3 from Re2O7, trimethyl-chlorosilane, pyridine, and RNH2 (R = aryl or t-butyl) has been developed. Alkylation of these species with dineopentyl or dineophyl zinc or Grignard reagents affords complexes of the formula Re(NR)2(CHR’)(CH2R’) (R’ = CMe3 or CMe2Ph). Re(O)2(CH-t-Bu)(CH2-t-Bu) can be prepared by the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of Re(NR)2(CH-t-Bu)(CH2-t-Bu), which upon treatment with HC1 in dimethoxyethane produces [Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)Cl2]x. [Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)C12]xis a versatile precursor o a variety of bisalkoxide complexes of the general formula syn or anti-Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(OR)2(OR = O-t-Bu, OCMe2(CF3), OCMe(CF3)2, etc.). Metathetical reactions between Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(ORF6)2 (ORF6 = OCMe(CF3)2) and 1-decene or ethyl-9-decenoate yield the expected new alkylidene complexes, which are unstable in concentrated solution and cannot be isolated. In the presence of THF or dimethoxyethane complexes of the type syn or anti-Re(C-t-Bu)(CHR)(ORF6)2S2 (R = Me, Et, Ph; S = THF or 0.5 DME) could be prepared in high yield from Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-BU)(ORF6)2 and CH2=CHR. Heteroatom-substituted (O, S, or N) terminal olefins and other electron-rich olefins react more rapidly than ordinary olefins with Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-BU)(ORF6)2 in the presence of THF to yield complexes of the type syn or anti-Re(C-t-BU)(CHX)(ORF6)2(THF)2 (X = OR, SR, NR2). 2-Pentene or methyl oleate aremetathesized in the presence of Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(ORF6)2 and intermediate alkylidene complexes can be observed in each case. Ethylene reacts with Re(C-t-Bu)(CHX)(OR)2 complexes to give metallacyclobutane complexes first, and then rhenacyclopentene complexes via a “3+2 cycloaddition” across the C≡Re=C unit. X-ray studies of syn-[Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(Naryl)C12]2, syn-Re(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(ORF6)2(THF), anti-Re(C-t-Bu)(CHferrocenyl)(ORF6)2, and syn-Re(C-t-Bu)(CHOEt)(ORF6)2(THF)2 have been carried out.
Age Determination in Macaque Fetuses and Neonates

Pediatricians have repeatedly stressed the need for accurate assessment of gestational age in the human fetus and newborn to ascertain neonatal risk, to permit age-controlled studies of neonatal physiology, and to provide baseline data for the developmental testing of preterm infants (Usher, McLean and Scott, 1966; Finnstrom, 1972).
Legal Aspects of Office-Based Women’s Health Procedures

As primary care practitioners face increasing liability risk in this litigious society, careful planning and timely consultation with a competent legal advisor is critically important to reduce exposure to lawsuits or conduct sanctions. Since the regulation of medical practice is largely an individual state activity and since laws vary widely by locality, this chapter is not intended to provide personal legal advice. When a practice makes decisions about new policies or procedures, it should be clearly recorded in a practice policy and procedure manual. A user-friendly manual, in print or electronic form, will standardize policy and procedure throughout a medical practice and facilitate training of new employees.
An FPGA-Based Hardware Accelerator for K-Nearest Neighbor Classification for Machine Learning on Mobile Devices

Machine learning has become one of the cornerstones of information technology. Many machine learning algorithms have found their way into mobile devices, which have stringent requirements. Also, machine learning algorithms, such as classification and clustering, are becoming complex, requiring high processing power, thus affecting the speedup. In this paper, we introduce unique, novel, and efficient hardware architecture to accelerate the K-nearest neighbor classifier on mobile devices, considering constraints associated with these devices. We evaluate the efficiency of our hardware architecture, in terms of speedup, space, and accuracy. Our design is generic, parameterized, and scalable. Our hardware design achieves 127 times speedup compared to its software counterpart, and can also achieve 100% classification accuracy.
The Variable Position of Initial Subordinate Clauses in Old French: Arguments Against a Semantic Account

This paper examines the influence of semantics in a case of syntactic variation in Old French, a verb-second language in which subordinate clauses that immediately precede a main declarative occur in either the left periphery of the declarative, or in the core of the declarative itself, in the first (preverbal) position (Combettes 2010; Donaldson 2012; Skarup 1975; Vance 1997; Vance et al. 2010). Explanations of this variation have sometimes implicated the nature of the link between the initial subordinate and the declarative as well as the semantic properties of the subordinate (e.g., Combettes 2010; Imbs 1956; Menard 1988). Previous analyses have claimed that semantic relationships like concession, anteriority, and causality represent a particularly close relationship between the subordinate and the declarative, a claim that has been used to explain why such initial subordinates occur in the core of the declarative rather than in its left periphery. The present paper challenges this hypothesis, using data from 30 major texts spanning the 10th to early 14th centuries. The results reveal that semantic relations do not uniformly predict the syntactic position of the initial subordinate.
Animal Suffering and the Darwinian Problem of Evil

John R. Schneider explores the problem that animal suffering, caused by the inherent nature of Darwinian evolution, poses to belief in theism. Examining the aesthetic aspects of this moral problem, Schneider focuses on the three prevailing approaches to it: that the Fall caused animal suffering in nature (Lapsarian Theodicy), that Darwinian evolution was the only way for God to create an acceptably good and valuable world (Only-Way Theodicy), and that evolution is the source of major, God-justifying beauty (Aesthetic Theodicy). He also uses canonical texts and doctrines from Judaism and Christianity - notably the book of Job, and the doctrines of the incarnation, atonement, and resurrection - to build on insights taken from the non-lapsarian alternative approaches. Schneider thus constructs an original, God-justifying account of God and the evolutionary suffering of animals. His book enables readers to see that the Darwinian configuration of animal suffering unveiled by scientists is not as implausible on Christian theism as commonly supposed.
Role of Symmetry, Geometry, and Termination Chemistry on Misfit Dislocation Patterns at Semicoherent Heterointerfaces

Summary Interfaces in semicoherent ceramic heterostructures are characterized by a network of misfit dislocations that plays a key role in dictating structural and functional properties in this important class of materials. Prediction of a misfit dislocation network structure, given the chemistries forming the heterointerface, remains a challenging problem that requires highly specialized experimental synthesis and characterization or computation-intensive atomistic simulations. Here, we present a heuristic approach that allows us to qualitatively predict the structure of misfit dislocation networks in semicoherent ionic heterostructures. The predictions within the proposed and validated approach are based entirely on elastic effects and the nature of electrostatic interactions across the interface and, therefore, do not require any input from explicit simulations. In addition to providing an intuitive and rational justification of misfit dislocation network structure in semicoherent ionic heterostructures, our approach is expected to complement experimental and simulation-based efforts targeted at determining and quantifying misfit dislocation patterns.
Symptomatic delayed seromas vs incidental findings on MR, and likelihood of BIA-ALCL in women with textured implants.

e20028Background: Breast Implant Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL), a subtype of ALCL, arises as a seroma in the space between the implant and the capsule, or as an adjacent mass...
Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Changes in the climate have dramatically increased the incidence of abiotic stress in plants, thus limiting their optimum growth, production, and metabolism. Plants have numerous adaptive tolerance or resistant mechanisms to acclimatize with the changes in the environment like drought, salinity, heat, flood, cold/freeze, ultraviolet (UV), and heavy metal stress. Plant adaptation to stress is strictly attributed to a paragon of biochemical and molecular crossroads. Moreover, it mainly relies on molecular stress signaling network involving stress perception, signal transduction, modulation of stress-related gene expression, and change in the metabolite profile. Adaptive stress tolerance mechanisms involve adjustment of hormonal balance, synthesis of stress proteins, activation of antioxidant defense mechanism, reconfiguration of the metabolite accumulation, and restructuring of cellular membrane. Apart from innate adaptive responses, several advance strategies including breeding and bioengineering are being used to combat abiotic stresses in the plants. In the given chapter, plant molecular and biochemical responses have been reviewed and discussed with respect to various crop plants to impart better understanding of tolerance mechanisms under abiotic stress.
Neonatal lymphatic flow disorders: impact of lymphatic imaging and interventions on outcomes.

Neonatal chylothorax (NCTx) and central lymphatic flow disorder (CLFD) are historically challenging neonatal disorders with high morbidity and mortality. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 35 neonates with pulmonary lymphatic abnormalities at our institution who underwent lymphatic evaluation between December 2015 and September 2018. Patients with only pulmonary lymphatic perfusion syndrome were classified as NCTx and those with multiple flow abnormalities were classified as CLFD. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were compared using t-tests/Wilcoxon rank sum tests and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS All 35 patients had intranodal MR lymphangiography and 14 (40%) also had conventional fluoroscopic lymphangiography. Fifteen (42.8%) patients were diagnosed with NCTx and 20 (57.1%) were diagnosed with CLFD. Thirty-four (97.1%) patients had pleural effusions. None of the NCTx group had ascites, anasarca, or dermal backflow compared to 17 (85%) (p < 0.001), 8 (42.1%) (p: 0.004), and 20 (100%) (p < 0.001) of the CLFD group, respectively. In the NCTx group, 11 (73.3%) had ethiodized oil embolization and 4 (26.7%) received conservative therapy. Ten (50%) of the CLFD patients had an intervention; of those, two (10%) had ethiodized oil-only embolization. Eight had non-ethiodized oil embolizations (two (25%) had embolization with glue, three (37.5%) underwent surgical lymphovenous anastomosis, two (25%) underwent thoracic duct (TD) externalization, and one (12.5%) had a non-TD lymphatic channel drain placed). Complete resolution of pleural effusions was achieved in all 15 NCTx patients, whereas 9 (45%) of 20 CLFD patients had resolution of chylothorax (p: 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Establishing a diagnosis of NCTx or CLFD is paramount in selecting treatment options and providing prognostic information. Development of lymphatic interventions represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of neonatal lymphatic flow disorders and may be associated with improved survival.
Characterization of Pathogen Airborne Inoculum Density by Information Theoretic Analysis of Spore Trap Time Series Data

In a previous study, air sampling using vortex air samplers combined with species-specific amplification of pathogen DNA was carried out over two years in four or five locations in the Salinas Valley of California. The resulting time series data for the abundance of pathogen DNA trapped per day displayed complex dynamics with features of both deterministic (chaotic) and stochastic uncertainty. Methods of nonlinear time series analysis developed for the reconstruction of low dimensional attractors provided new insights into the complexity of pathogen abundance data. In particular, the analyses suggested that the length of time series data that it is practical or cost-effective to collect may limit the ability to definitively classify the uncertainty in the data. Over the two years of the study, five location/year combinations were classified as having stochastic linear dynamics and four were not. Calculation of entropy values for either the number of pathogen DNA copies or for a binary string indicating whether the pathogen abundance data were increasing revealed (1) some robust differences in the dynamics between seasons that were not obvious in the time series data themselves and (2) that the series were almost all at their theoretical maximum entropy value when considered from the simple perspective of whether instantaneous change along the sequence was positive.
Polydactylous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Nail Unit: A Structured Review of the Literature.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail unit (SCCNU) is a rare neoplastic condition that involves multiple digits (polydactylous SCCNU) in only 3.9% of cases. Here, we report a case of polydactylous SC...
The Centrality of Interdisciplinarity for Overcoming Design and Development Constraints of a Multi-user Virtual Reality Intervention for Adults with Autism: A Design Case

Research suggests that virtual reality interventions have potential to promote the acquisition and development of social, communicative, and adaptive behavior skills for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. However, creating such an intervention is a task with innate challenges that requires the use of interdisciplinary processes and perspectives from those involved in its design. This challenge is further amplified when trying to design a virtual reality application for individuals with autism who exhibit substantial variability. The purpose of this instrumental case study is to provide insight into the complexities of designing a virtual reality intervention called Virtuoso. The case narrative will address a substantial research-to-practice gap in the field by providing methods that other designers can use in their own development process and will bring to light the interdisciplinary nature of such research.
Primary cardiac low-grade neuroendocrine tumor: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract Primary tumors of the heart are uncommon; even rarer are primary cardiac neuroendocrine tumors. To our knowledge, only two cases have been described to date, both being high-grade tumors. We report a solitary low-grade neuroendocrine tumor of the heart, unexpectedly discovered during aortic valve repair for infectious bacterial endocarditis on the wall of the right ventricle in a 44-year-old man with a history of balloon valvulotomy as a child. Frozen section was sent intraoperatively and demonstrated a plasmacytoid neoplasm. Final pathology of the biopsies showed a tumor composed of both cohesive and discohesive plasmacytoid cells separated by a vascular network and strands of fibrosis. The tumor showed strong reactivity for AE1/3, synaptophysin, and CDX2 with focal reactivity for chromogranin-A and CD56. Neither necrosis nor a mitotic rate of greater than 2 mitoses per 2 mm2 was seen. A colonoscopy was performed and demonstrated only a tubular adenoma. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy was unremarkable. PET-CT DOTATATE, performed after complete resection of the tumor, demonstrated no abnormal radiotracer uptake. The patient continues to do well at present, 1 year later, and reports no symptoms attributable to carcinoid syndrome or disease progression. The patient was assigned by medical oncology to yearly follow-up and imaging, and is considered to have no evidence of disease.
Chemical investigations into the biosynthesis of the gymnastatin and dankastatin alkaloids

Electrophilic natural products have provided fertile ground for understanding how nature inhibits protein function using covalent bond formation. The fungal strain Gymnascella dankaliensis has provided an especially interesting collection of halogenated cytotoxic agents derived from tyrosine which feature an array of reactive functional groups. Herein we explore chemical and potentially biosynthetic relationships between architecturally complex gymnastatin and dankastatin members, finding conditions that favor formation of a given scaffold from a common intermediate. Additionally, we find that multiple natural products can also be formed from aranorosin, a non-halogenated natural product also produced by Gymnascella sp. fungi, using simple chloride salts thus offering an alternative hypothesis for the origins of these compounds in nature. Finally, growth inhibitory activity of multiple members against human triple negative breast cancer cells is reported.
Study on the cooperative output characteristics of PV arrays under load variation

In order to efficiently manage the output power of the distributed generation system with multiple PV arrays, in this paper, a cooperative control strategy is used to control the output power ratio under load variation. Aiming at the real-time simulation requirements and real communication conditions, the validation process of the strategy is carried on a designed co-simulation platform with hardware-in-the-loop functionality. The power system model is built and simulated in RT-LAB. Cooperative control strategy is embedded in the developed hardware controllers based on digital signal processors, and the connected communication between them is accessed to a real-life switch equipment. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the cooperative strategy and consider the real-world simulation conditions.
The Influence of Ascorbic Acid in Minimizing Post-Exercise Muscle Soreness in Young Men

(1952). The Influence of Ascorbic Acid in Minimizing Post-Exercise Muscle Soreness in Young Men. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 356-360.
The membrane systems of the mitochondrion: IV. The localization of the fatty acid oxidizing system

Abstract The localization of the enzymes concerned in the various steps of fatty acid oxidation has been determined by the enzymic analysis of the isolated inner and outer membrane fractions of beef heart mitochondria. The enzymes that activate fatty acids, the carnitine-long chain acyl transferase, and the enzymes of the β-oxidation, have been found to be localized exclusively in the outer membrane. None of the activities associated with these enzymes could be detected in the preparation of the inner membrane. The enzymes for the complete oxidation of palmitate are localized in the outer membrane. The requirement for the carnitine-mediated transfer of the acyl group across the outer membrane from exterior to interior was also demonstrated. This finding establishes the outer membrane as the carnitine “barrier.” Atractyloside (an inhibitor of several mitochondrial reactions) is a potent inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation. This inhibition is exerted on enzymes associated with the membrane-forming sector of the outer membrane, and also on enzymes associated with the detachable sector of the outer membrane. The atractyloside “barrier” for fatty acid oxidation has been established as the outer membrane.
Business logistics: importance and some research opportunities

Business logistics is defined and reasons are given as to why it is a vital area of management. Political and economic trends are highlighted to show that it is even increasing in importance. Current research in business logistics is discussed with a focus on the design of the logistics network as it is aided by computer modeling. Research opportunities are identified to both improve modeling for network design and better specify the information inputs to the design process.
Screening effect in very fast submicron metal-semiconductor-metal ultraviolet photodetectors

We studied with both theoretical simulation and experimental measurement the fast response in metal−semiconductor−metal ultraviolet photodetectors on GaN with submicron fingers. A space-charge screening effect was observed under high illumination levels.