cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abusive Family Experiences and Object Relations Disturbances: A Case Study

This case describes the treatment of a 27-year-old, female international student who initially presented with severe stress. Until age 13, she lived in a dysfunctional family where her object relations were distorted and her attachment formation disturbed, leaving her unable to set healthy boundaries and trust others. The early physical abuse, neglect, and emotional void of the family environment created challenges for this graduate student in counseling because her academic program required her to delve into early family dynamics in self-reflective assignments. The goal of treatment was to help her establish a healthy attachment style. She would then be able to rebuild a more cohesive, discriminating, and flexible sense of self through the therapy relationship.
Andrea de jorio— The first ethnographer of gesture?

Andrea De Jorio's classic work of 1832 on Neapolitan gesture is described. Besides containing remarkably clear descriptions of gestures it includes interesting discussion of theoretical and methodological issues still pertinent today. De Jorio's insistence on studying gestures in their contexts of use and his use of pictorial tableaux as a way of illustrating how the gestures he describes function in interaction is of particular interest. The value of the book for studies of gesture diachrony and for studies in the historical ethnography of communication conduct is briefly discussed.
Trypanosoma brucei: differentiation of in vitro-grown bloodstream trypomastigotes into procyclic forms

Trypanosoma brucei strain 366D trypomastigotes grown at 37 degrees C in the presence of a human fibroblast cell line formed foci underneath the feeder cells whereas trypanosomes grown in the presence of a human epithelial cell line grew only in the culture supernatant. A culture system was developed to study the differentiation of bloodstream trypomastigotes grown in the epithelial cell system into procyclic trypomastigotes at 27 degrees C. The morphological differentiation into the procyclic form was complete by 48 h. Cell division did not occur until 30-40 h after transfer to 27 degrees C. Various characteristics of this system were examined, including the effect of the feeder layer, the type of medium, the presence of the metabolites cis-aconitate and citrate, the preadaptation period, and the trypanosome cell concentration. The respiration of the recently differentiated procyclic cells was less sensitive to inhibition by CN- than that of established procyclic forms, implying a delayed appearance of complete mitochondrial oxidative pathways. This trypanosome differentiation system has the advantage that the animal host is not needed and the entire process is carried out in in vitro culture.
M-mode photoacoustic particle flow imaging

Recently, there has been growing interest in the development of photoacoustic flow measuring methods aimed to study microvascular blood flow in biological tissue. Here, we describe the M-mode photoacoustic particle flow imaging, using an optical resolution photoacoustic microscope equipped with a high-repetition-rate pulsed dye laser. We studied the flow of a diluted dyed particle suspension in a small tube embedded in a nonscattering medium as well as in a scattering medium simulating biological tissue. Potentially, the method can be applied to detect the flow speed of single red blood cells in a capillary.
Effects of sociality on short‐distance, female‐biased dispersal in tropical wrens

Summary 1 Dispersal from the natal area, or between breeding sites, marks a critical transition for individual animals, and a fundamental demographic and genetic process. Limitations on dispersal in natural populations are important in predicting population dynamics and structure. Tropical habitats that can be naturally patchy are also being fragmented rapidly, and these habitats harbour many social species. 2 We studied dispersal in cooperatively breeding stripe-backed wrens (Campylorhynchus nuchalis) in the Venezuelan savanna, using 20 years of data from marked populations over 40 km2. We test the hypotheses that dispersal is limited by competition for social position and that such limitation is sex-specific. 3 Dispersal is strongly female-biased, and results mainly in attainment of breeding status in neighbouring groups. Reproductive success is determined by the structure of the breeding group, and is concentrated in a small minority of individuals. 4 Natal dispersal is delayed, and represents a dramatic shift from indirect contribution to kin production (helping) to the direct approach of breeding. Monogamy limits breeding opportunities, compared to other social species, and both natal and breeding dispersal are constrained to short distances, particularly when compared to non-cooperative breeders. 5 Males are more philopatric compared to females, for which more frequent and distant dispersal leads to greater reproductive success. Competition for breeding status in an established social order impedes dispersal, in part because experience and previous familiarity are important, particularly in males that rarely disperse to productive large groups. 6 Diverse patterns of sex bias in dispersal among cooperatively breeding birds can be explained by the comparative diversity of reproductive alternatives available to males and females. A ‘breeding diversity’ hypothesis is illustrated by comparison with male-biased dispersal in brown jays. 7 Social resistance to movement establishes a brake on gene flow and demographic interaction among populations that has important implications for population viability.
How familiar characters influence children’s judgments about information and products

Children are exposed to advertisements and products that incorporate familiar characters, such as Dora the Explorer and Bob the Builder, virtually from birth. How does the presence of these characters influence children's judgments about information and products? Three experiments (N=125) explored how 4-year-olds evaluate messages from familiar characters and how their trust in a familiar character's testimony relates to their product preferences. Children endorsed objective and subjective claims made by a familiar character more often than those made by a perceptually similar but unfamiliar character even in situations where they had evidence that the familiar character was unreliable. Children also preferred low-quality products bearing a familiar character's image over high-quality products without a character image up to 74% of the time (whereas control groups preferred the low-quality products less than 6% of the time when they did not include a character image). These findings suggest that young children are powerfully influenced by familiar characters encountered in the media, leaving them vulnerable to advertising messages and clouding their judgments about products.
Endogenous bacterial toxins are required for the injurious action of platelet-activating factor in rats.

Abstract Background & Aims: Platelet-activating factor (PAF), an endogenous mediator for experimental sepsis, has been shown to induce shock and intestinal necrosis in vivo. However, it is unclear whether PAF exerts its injurious effects on the intestinal tissue directly or via synergism with other endogenous products. The aim of this study was to examine the role of endogenous bacterial products, such as endotoxin, in PAF-induced intestinal injury. Methods: PAF (3 μg/kg) was injected intravenously into normally colonized rats, germfree rats, and normal rats pretreated with a combination of antibiotics, and the systemic response and intestinal injury were assessed. Results: PAF did not cause prolonged shock, leukopenia, hemoconcentration, and bowel necrosis in germfree rats. When germfree rats were primed with a low dose (0.5 mg/kg) of endotoxin, the protection was lost. Combined treatment of the normally colonized rats with neomycin, polymyxin B, and metronidazole for 7 days largely protected the animal from PAF-induced shock and intestinal necrosis. Conclusions: PAF does not directly induce prolonged hypotension, hemoconcentration, persistent leukopenia, and gross intestinal necrosis but causes these changes via a synergism with endogenous bacterial toxins, presumably from the gut flora.
Citrus Leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) Density: Effect on Yield of `Tahiti' Lime

The relationship between damage by citrus leafminer , Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, and 'Tahiti' lime yield were investigated in a 15-yr-old and a 5-yr-old lime orchard. Citrus leafminer population densities were controlled by insecticide applications of abamectin plus FC 435 oil, abamectin plus FC435 oil plus imidacloprid, and methomyl. The control was not treated. To ensure adequate citrus leafminer densities, adult citrus leafminer were periodically released in the exper- imental plots during fall and winter. For the 15-yr-old trees, the least amount of leaf area damage occurred in the abamectin plus FC 435 oil plus imidacloprid (1.9%) and the abamectin plus FC435 oil (2.3%) treatments compared with the control treatment (10—21%). In the 5-yr-old orchard, the least amount of leaf area damaged occurred in the abamectin plus FC 435 oil plus imidacloprid (0.4%) and the imidacloprid (0.1%) treatments compared with the control (20.85%). The percentage of leaf area damaged was linearly correlated with the average number of mines per leaf, average mine days, and cumulative mine days in both orchards. In both orchards, the percentage of leaf area damaged and cumulative mine days was linearly correlated with the number of fruit per tree and total fruit weight per tree. Calculating the economic injury levels indicated that 16—23% and 18—85% of leaf area damaged caused significant yield reductions in 15-yr-old and 5-yr-old trees, respectively.
TAKING DICTATION: MARIA MONTESSORI'S WRITING METHOD

This essay is constitutes a reading of Maria Montessi's 1909 text Il metodo della Pedagogia Scientifica applicato all'educazione infantile nelle Case dei Bambini, the founding text of the Italian a...
Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer: an advanced optics technology instrument

Through the use of a special optical filter, the Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer, an airborne multispectral IR imaging instrument operating in the thermal emission region (7.5-14 microns), will achieve signal-to-noise ratios greater than 600 with ambient temperature optics. This instrument will be used to do compositional surface mapping of the terrain, and will refine the ability to categorize rock families and types by providing much higher spectral resolution in the emission region than was previously available. Details of the optical system, the detector, the cooler system, and the support electronics are described.
Universal Behavior of Coupled Nonlinear Oscillators

Many coupled damped driven oscillator systems exhibit universal scaling behavior in the strength and coupling parameters. These scaling laws are those found in coupled one-dimensional maps, if the damping is sufficiently strong.
Metabotropic glutamate receptors modify ionotropic glutamate responses in neocortical pyramidal cells and interneurons.

In neocortex glutamate activates ionotropic and metabotropic receptors (mGluRs). Whole-cell current-clamp recordings in the in vitro rat auditory cortex at 32°C were used to explore the role that mGluRs have in regulation of AMPA/kainate, NMDA, and GABA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission. Our findings are: (a) The fast EPSP (AMPA/kainate), slow EPSP (NMDA), and IPSPs (GABAA, GABAB), elicited in pyramidal neurons are reduced in the presence of (1S,3R)-ACPD (mGluR agonist) with greatest effect on the slow IPSP>fast IPSP>>fast EPSP. The effect is likely the result of ACPD acting at presynaptic mGluRs because the probability of release of glutamate and GABA is reduced in the presence of ACPD, intracellular infusion of a G protein antagonist (GDPβS) did not block the effect of ACPD, nor were iontophoretic kainic acid or NMDA-induced depolarizations reduced by ACPD. (b) The slow EPSP is enhanced following washout of ACPD and enhancement is not due to disinhibition because it is present in the absence of IPSPs, but if IPSPs are present, its magnitude can be influenced. Iontophoretic NMDA responses are enhanced in the presence of ACPD, an effect blocked by GDPβS and heparin (intracellular inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor antagonist). Taken together, this evidence suggests that enhancement is a result of group I postsynaptic mGluR activation. (c) In fast-spiking cells ACPD reduces the EPSP (AMPA/kainate and NMDA-mediated). This action is likely presynaptic because it persists when GDPβS is in the cells. (d) The rate of spike discharge recorded from fast-spiking cells is accelerated in ACPD but does not change in the presence of GDPβS, suggesting a postsynaptic effect. Our data indicate that mGluRs can influence neocortical synaptic transmission in complex ways by acting presynaptically and postsynaptically.
Proficiency Testing for Achieving Accreditation in Thermometry

The establishment of traceability is an essential component of laboratory accreditation for calibration laboratories accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP). Traceability requires that an unbroken chain of comparisons to national standards with stated and documented uncertainties be established. The use of proficiency testing is an important tool for validating uncertainty claims contained within a Scope of Accreditation. As such, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Thermometry Group conducts proficiency testing for NVLAP-accredited contact thermometry laboratories. These proficiency tests include thermometric fixed points, standard platinum resistance thermometers, industrial platinum resistance thermometers, thermistors, thermocouples, and liquid-in- glass thermometers. The NIST Thermometry Group proficiency tests scale inversely in difficulty as a function of the uncertainties contained within a facility’s Scope of Accreditation. The offered proficiency tests are designed to establish confidence in the participant’s calibration capabilities and uncertainty claims without being an undue burden to the calibration facility. The NIST Thermometry Group proficiency tests involve measurements of NIST-owned artifact(s) at NIST, measurements of the artifact(s) at the participant’s calibration facility, and then a second set of measurements at NIST. On completion of the measurement phase of a proficiency test, a detailed report is generated to give the difference in temperature realization between that of the participant and NIST and the degree of equivalence. As part of the goal to improve the participant’s measurement capabilities, the report also gives suggested solutions to any identified measurement issues that need attention. The role of proficiency testing as part of the process in achieving NVLAP accreditation in thermometry is discussed in the article. Additionally, the descriptions of the NIST Thermometry Group unbiased third-party proficiency tests and some unidentified participant results are given.
Collective protest in post-communist Poland, 1989–1993: a research report

Abstract The authors' original research project provides new evidence that collective protest constituted a significant part of Polish political life during the first years of post-communist transformations. The paper demonstrates that the magnitude of protest increased from 1989 to 1993. Major features of protest politics are described: participants' social backgrounds, organizations sponsoring or leading protest, repertoire of contention, demands, targets of protest actions, and finally state responses and protest effectiveness. The main conclusion is that although protest was intense and politically significant, it was at the same time highly institutionalized. The concept of institutionalized contentiousness captures this phenomenon.
Collectible Card Games as Learning Tools

Abstract This paper will present powerful aspects of collectible card games (CCGs) and what these games might bring to a learning ecology by examining how CCGs stimulate creativity, cognition, and logical reasoning, and how these elements could aid players synthesizing knowledge, and develop skills that might be difficult to teach in a classroom setting. We will also present some key findings and implications of a survey study about CCGs that we conducted with players of a multi-player CCG (N = 365), Vampire the Eternal Struggle (VTES). We will conclude with recommendations for future studies on this topic.
Structure-based virtual screening against SARS-3CL(pro) to identify novel non-peptidic hits.

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome is a highly infectious upper respiratory tract disease caused by SARS-CoV, a previously unidentified human coronavirus. SARS-3CLpro is a viral cysteine protease critical to the pathogen’s life cycle and hence a therapeutic target of importance. The recently elucidated crystal structures of this enzyme provide an opportunity for the discovery of inhibitors through rational drug design. In the current study, Gold docking program was utilized to conduct extensive docking studies against the target crystal structure to develop a robust and predictive docking protocol. The validated docking protocol was used to conduct a structure-based virtual screening of the Asinex Platinum collection. Biological evaluation of a screened selection of compounds was carried out to identify novel inhibitors of the viral protease.
Profile of multiple lymphocyte functional defects in acquired hypogammaglobulinemia, derived from in vitro cell recombination analysis

Abstract Immunoregulatory defects in patients can be assigned to B cells, T helper cells, or T suppressor cells by means of a modification of the in vitro PWM-stimulated Ig biosynthesis assay. When lymphocyte subpopulations from patient and normal are recombined, multiple internal comparisons within a single experiment reveal the functional activity of each subpopulation. By this technique we studied nine adult patients with acquired panhypogammaglobulinemia and one with isolated IgG deficiency. Low total Ig production by the B cell fraction was demonstrated in seven of the nine panhypogammaglobulinemic patients. In four of these seven, IgG and IgA secretion was markedly reduced compared with IgM. In the two patients with normal total Ig production, elevated IgM compensated for lower IgA and IgG. The one patient with no surface Ig + cells had a B cell defect, but no T cell defect. Reduced T help and excessive T suppression characterized two of the four patients with the most severe B cell defects. Three patients were anergic by delayed hypersensitivity skin testing and failed to sensitize to DNCB, but the patient with the most severe T cell defects in vitro was not among them. One of these three patients showed a mild T cell help defect and suppressor excess and the other two had pure B cell defects. Thus, anergy and T regulator function were not correlated. In three instances where hypersuppression was more evident by adding patient unfractionated cells than by adding patient T cells, suppression by the T-depleted fraction could be demonstrated. No cases of radiation-resistant T suppression were revealed among the seven patients tested. Subnormal total protein synthesis, noted in six of seven patients with low Ig production, was invariably less marked than the Ig defect and often affected both T and B cells. One additional patient with pure IgG deficiency of 2 yr duration was essentially normal in her in vitro lymphocyte function. The general applicability of this experimental design for analysis of positive or negative immunoregulatory abnormalities is emphasized.
Lack of Adrenergic Influence on the Pigmentation of Iris Nevus Cells

• A 30-year-old woman was found to have iris heterochromia as a consequence of unilateral congenital Horner's syndrome. Iris nevi were present and were equally darkly pigmented in either eye. Based on these clinical observations, we conclude that the absence of sympathetic innervation does not influence the development and pigmentation of iris nevus cells.
Counterion-Mediated Attraction between Two Like-Charged Rods

We present a systematic theoretical approach to counterion-mediated interactions between like-charged rigid polymers, by treating condensed and free counterions as separate species in chemical equilibrium. We find that the condensed counterions introduce charge fluctuations along the length of the rods that give rise to attractive interactions, in quantitative agreement with recent simulations. This is similar to the van der Waals interaction, except that all multipoles, not just dipoles, must be included.
Divergent effects of hyperosmolality on stress-response (heat shock) protein expression in cultured human tumor cells : an immunocytochemical study

Exposing cells to adverse conditions usually elicits expression of stress-response (heat shock) proteins (srp). Here we show that hyperosmolar growth conditions do not uniformly affect srp expression in MCF-7 and HeLa S3 cells, derived from carcinoma of the breast and cervix, respectively. Thus, whereas srp 27 expression was increased in MCF-7, but not in HeLa S3, the opposite was the case with srp 72. On the other hand, hyperosmolality did not induce αB-crystallin or ubiquitin in either cell line. These findings show that srp expression by the human tumor cells studied is non-coordinate, suggesting that each srp is independently modulated.
A Mechanical Stage‐Height Stormflow Sampler

A vacuum-powered sequential stormflow sampler with intake valves controlled by floats during both rising and falling water levels was developed and tested. The rising float assembly of each subunit triggered a mouse-trap valve that opened two vacuum lines, one of which directly collected a water sample. Simultaneously, a needle valve in the float pipe closed and kept the second intake line primed. The weight of the float assembly in the falling water level opened the second intake line to collect a water sample
Role of steps in epitaxial growth

Abstract The role of steps in the epitaxial growth of quantum structures is discussed. We present experimental results and theoretical predictions of growth on stepped surfaces. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of molecular beam epitaxy grown GaAs(001) surfaces misoriented by 1° and 2° towards the (111) A direction show non-uniform terraces with a peak in the terrace width distribution at 40 A. Simple models of atoms landing on a step and attaching at the ascending step edge, however, predict an equalization of terrace widths. A thermodynamic model which allows the steps to move freely with the constraint that it costs energy to form a kink predicts step bunching for high kink energies. Steps on vicinal surfaces have been utilized for growing quantum wire structures using a technique where fractional monolayers of different materials are deposited on a stepped surface, leading to the creation of a lateral superlattice (LSL). The terrace width uniformity is observed by STM to improve dramatically with the growth of an AlAsGaAs LSL. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy of LSLs shows good segregation of the composite layers.
Reactions of hexane and 3-methylpentane on HZSM-5 at moderate temperatures in liquid phase and gas phase [1]

Abstract The reactivity of 3-methylpentane (3MP) and hexane (H) on HZSM-5 at 120–160 °C changes from gas (H > 3MP) to liquid phase (3MP > H), as does product selectivity. The liquid phase reactivity ratio is similar on HZSM-5 and in trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMSA), where the reaction involves initiation by oxidation to allyl cations. In both cases, olefins are intermediates, but do not appear in the products. Because hydride transfer catalysis is absent in the reaction of H and the steric requirements for hydride transfer are smaller than for cracking, the mechanism involving protonation of sigma bonds, as in liquid superacids, does not operate in zeolites. The H:3MP reactivity ratio does not measure steric constraints in cavities.
What properties of grid energy storage are most valuable

While energy storage technologies have existed for decades, fast-ramping grid-level storage is still an immature industry and is experiencing relatively rapid improvements in performance and cost across a variety of technologies. In this innovation cycle, it is important to determine which properties of emerging energy storage technologies are most valuable. Decreased capital cost, increased power capability, and increased efficiency all would improve the value of an energy storage technology and each has cost implications that vary by application, but there has not yet been an investigation of the marginal rate of technical substitution between storage properties. We use engineering-economic models of four emerging fast-ramping energy storage technologies and examine their cost-effectiveness for four realistic current applications. We determine which properties have the greatest effect on cost-of-service by performing an extended sensitivity analysis on the storage properties for combinations of application and storage type. We find that capital cost of storage is consistently important, and identify applications for which power/energy limitations are important. Each combination is different and blanket statements are not always appropriate.
Quantitative analysis of the GAL4/UAS system in Drosophila oogenesis

The GAL4/UAS system is extensively used for targeted gene expression in Drosophila, but the strength of the GAL4 drivers and their effects on target genes are rarely quantified. Quantitative information about the strength of the perturbations introduced by the GAL4/UAS system would further expand the usefulness of the GAL4/UAS system in studying gene functions and developmental processes. We have developed an assay to determine the relative level of expression for target genes tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Our assay enables the relative quantitation of fluorescent proteins within specific cell types and developmental time windows in living eggs/embryos, and permits the analysis of samples from a broad expression range. We illustrate the assay using a panel of four GAL4 drivers and three UAS responder lines in Drosophila oogenesis, discuss the issues associated with the interpretation of the quantitative data, and correlate our results with the analysis of the GAL4/UAS system at the transcript level. The imaging-based strategy described here can be used to quantify other GAL4 drivers in Drosophila and other organisms.
Absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra of matrix isolated Ta atoms

Abstract The absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of Ta atoms isolated in an argon matrix at 14 K have been measured. Over sixty-five MCD bands have been observed and used together with gas phase intensity and energy pattern data to reassign the matrix spectrum. The observed matrix shift (average: 765 cm −1 ) to the blue is smaller than determined by previous workers. From this study it is suggested that the assignment of matrix-isolated atomic species can be considerably aided by the determination of their magnetic circular dichroism spectra.
Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty: Report From the Registry of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Data have been collected from 34 centers in the United States and Europe performing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty since September 1977. The procedure was carried out in 631 patients, with an average age of 51 years (range 23 to 76), of whom 80 percent had single vessel coronary disease, 17 percent had double or triple vessel disease and 3 percent had stenosis of the left main coronary artery. Coronary angioplasty was successful (greater than 20 percent decrease of coronary stenosis) in 59 percent of the stenosed arteries. The mean degree of stenosis was reduced from 83 to 31 percent. Emergency coronary bypass operation was required in 40 patients (6 percent). Myocardial infarction occurred in 29 patients (4 percent). In-hospital death occurred in six patients (1 percent), three with single vessel and three with multivessel disease. Ninety-one patients have been followed up for at least 1 year after coronary angioplasty. Of the 65 patients with an initially successful angioplasty, 83 percent were in improved condition compared with their status before angioplasty. Thus, the initial satisfactory results obtained in a few centers have now been confirmed in many centers using transluminal coronary angioplasty.
Learning language semantics from ambiguous supervision

This paper presents a method for learning a semantic parser from ambiguous supervision. Training data consists of natural language sentences annotated with multiple potential meaning representations, only one of which is correct. Such ambiguous supervision models the type of supervision that can be more naturally available to language-learning systems. Given such weak supervision, our approach produces a semantic parser that maps sentences into meaning representations. An existing semantic parsing learning system that can only learn from unambiguous supervision is augmented to handle ambiguous supervision. Experimental results show that the resulting system is able to cope up with ambiguities and learn accurate semantic parsers.
Same Agency, Different Teams Perspectives From Home and Inpatient Hospice Care

Tremendous growth in hospice over the past 30 years in the United States has increased the number of terminally ill patients dying at home. Recently, however, more hospice patients are dying at inpatient facilities. To understand the varying perceptions about care in the home and inpatient hospice, we conducted semistructured interviews with 24 interdisciplinary team (IDT) members and analyzed the data using the constant comparative method. Core interdisciplinary tasks, including identifying the focus of energy, tailoring family caregiver involvement, acknowledging who is in charge, and knowing both sides differed in the home and inpatient settings. Despite the overarching umbrella of hospice care, home and inpatient hospice settings create different foci for IDT members, burdens and privileges for family caregivers, and control of the care plan. Key differences between home and inpatient hospice processes of care highlight the complexity of patient-centered end-of-life care in the United States.
Phase 2 study of BCNU and temozolomide for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme: North American Brain Tumor Consortium study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity, measured in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and response rates, of 1,3-bis(chloro-ethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) plus temozolomide in adult patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. The phase 2 dose and schedule for this trial was BCNU 150 mg/m(2) i.v. followed in 2 h by temozolomide 550 mg/m(2) as a single oral dose. Treatment was repeated every 6 weeks for up to 8 cycles unless tumor progression was documented. The primary end point was PFS at 6 months (PFS-6). Response was a secondary end point, measured by MR imaging, neurological status, and steroid requirements prior to each 6-week cycle. The median age of eligible patients was 53, and 89.5% had no prior chemotherapy. All patients were evaluable for toxicity and time to progression. The PFS-6 was 21%. Overall survival was 68% at 6 months and 26% at 1 year. The MRI response for 36 patients was 2 partial responses, 2 minor responses, 19 cases of stable disease, and 13 immediate progressions. Median survival was 34 weeks, and median PFS was 11 weeks. Toxicity was primarily myelosuppression; no toxic deaths occurred. Historical phase 2 study data in this patient population show a PFS-6 of 15%. Recent data for use of temozolomide alone have shown a PFS-6 of 21%. We conclude that BCNU plus temozolomide when used in these doses and schedule has only modest activity, with significant toxicity, and appears to be no more effective than single-agent temozolomide.
Perception of Emotion: The Role of Race, Sex, and Presentation Mode

(1972). Perception of Emotion: The Role of Race, Sex, and Presentation Mode. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 88, No. 2, pp. 213-222.
Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia case study.

Purpose: To examine a case of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) in a primary care setting and to review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, etiology, and treatment guidelines to reduce the mortality related to this disease process. Data Sources: Findings from the history, physical exam, and laboratory results of a young French Canadian male presenting to a primary care office. Evidence-based literature search included Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, National Lipid Association, and e-medicine website. Conclusions: Familial hypercholesterolemia is a serious and common genetic disorder that results in premature atherosclerosis. Early screening, detection, and treatment are vital in order to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality. Implications for practice: Clinicians need to understand hypercholesterolemia and the atherogenic process. Physical exam and laboratory findings are key to the early identification and intervention for children and adults at risk for early cardiovascular disease.
Design of a low-cost concentric winding permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor drive

In this paper, various key points in the rotor design of a low cost permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) are introduced and their effects are studied. Finite element approach has been utilized to show the effects of these parameters on the developed average electromagnetic torque and total d-q inductances. Effect of concentric winding on overall efficiency and design criteria is investigated. Effectiveness of the design procedure is validated by presenting simulation results.
Biometry of the Late Cambrian Trilobite Genus Dikelocephalus and its Implications for Trilobite Systematics

ABsTRAcr-It has been proposed previously that the northern Mississippi Valley Sunwaptan trilobite genus Dikelocephalus comprises 26 species. Morphometric analyses demonstrate that many of the criteria that had been used to define species of Dikelocephalus are invalid and additional analysis ofbiostratigraphically and biogeographically constrained collections is necessary before the taxonomic status of Dikelocephalus can be fully resolved. Our results indicate that infrageneric morphological variation in Dikelocephalus is continuous and lacks gaps that could be the basis for establishing multiple species. Many of the characters shown to be taxonomically insignificant in Dikelocephalus are also widely used in the definition of other trilobite taxa. This suggests that the species-level taxonomy of many trilobites may be substantially oversplit. Recognition of widespread oversplitting will have important consequences for biostratigraphic zonations, paleogeographic distributions, and estimates of taxonomic diversity.
Mimicry of Papilio blumei’s Colourful Wing Scale Structure

The brightest and most vivid natural colours arise from the interaction of light with periodic micro- or nanostructures. While the physics of structural colours is well understood, it remains a challenge to create artificial replicas of natural photonic structures [1, 2, 3]. In this chapter we use a self-organisation process for the efficient and scaleable fabrication of photonic structures, which mimic the colour mixing effect found on the wings of the Indonesian butterfly Papilio blumei. Furthermore, we show that a conceptual variation to the natural structure leads to enhanced optical properties. This significantly extends earlier attempts [4, 5, 6], which were limited in terms of versatilely and scalability.
Relationships among Strength, Body Composition, and Measures of Activity in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

b Shriners Hospitals for Children-Northern California, Sacramento, CA. c Shriners Hospitals for Children-Springfield, Springfield, MA. d Uni- versity of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA. e Shriners Hospitals for Children-Lexington, Lexington, KY. f Shriners Hospitals for Children-Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, UT ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to quantitatively describe the relationships among overall lower extremity strength and body composition with measures of activity in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP). The design was a prospective, multicenter cohort, cross-sectional study among seven pediatric orthopedic facilities. The participants included children ages eight to 18 years (n = 392; 249 male, 143 female), GMFCS levels I- III (I = 155; II = 160; III = 77) with diplegia (n = 280, mean age 12.9 ± 2.7 years) and hemi- plegia (n = 112, mean age 12.6 ± 2.9 years). Main outcome measures include lower extrem- ity strength, body composition, and activity. Quantitative relationships among variables were reported using Pearson correlation coefficients with p < 0.001. Results show strength had fair to moderate correlations with GMFM-66 and PODCI global function, sports and physical function, and transfer and basic mobility scores for children with diplegia. Chil- dren with hemiplegia demonstrated a fair correlation between strength and GMFM-66 score. For children with diplegia and hemiplegia, BMI was not correlated with measures of function or activity. Body fat percentage demonstrated a fair correlation with PODCI global function scores for children with hemiplegia. Body composition measures had a fair correlation to overall strength for both those with hemiplegia and diplegia. Stronger rela- tionships among measures were observed in higher functioning children. It is concluded that a positive relationship exists between lower extremity strength and measures of activity in ambulatory children with CP. There are multiple factors influencing activity in children with CP, and strength and body composition should not be ignored.
Nonmydriatic ocular fundus photography among headache patients in an emergency department.

Objectives: Determine the frequency of and the predictive factors for abnormal ocular fundus findings among emergency department (ED) headache patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study of prospectively enrolled adult patients presenting to our ED with a chief complaint of headache. Ocular fundus photographs were obtained using a nonmydriatic fundus camera that does not require pupillary dilation. Demographic and neuroimaging information was collected. Photographs were reviewed independently by 2 neuroophthalmologists for findings relevant to acute care. The results were analyzed using univariate statistics and logistic regression modeling. Results: We included 497 patients (median age: 40 years, 73% women), among whom 42 (8.5%, 95% confidence interval: 6%–11%) had ocular fundus abnormalities. Of these 42 patients, 12 had disc edema, 9 had optic nerve pallor, 6 had grade III/IV hypertensive retinopathy, and 15 had isolated retinal hemorrhages. Body mass index ≥35 kg/m 2 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.3, p = 0.02), younger age (OR: 0.7 per 10-year increase, p = 0.02), and higher mean arterial blood pressure (OR: 1.3 per 10-mm Hg increase, p = 0.003) were predictive of abnormal retinal photography. Patients with an abnormal fundus had a higher percentage of hospital admission (21% vs 10%, p = 0.04). Among the 34 patients with abnormal ocular fundi who had brain imaging, 14 (41%) had normal imaging. Conclusions: Ocular fundus abnormalities were found in 8.5% of patients with headache presenting to our ED. Predictors of abnormal funduscopic findings included higher body mass index, younger age, and higher blood pressure. Our study confirms the importance of funduscopic examination in patients with headache, particularly in the ED, and reaffirms the utility of nonmydriatic fundus photography in this setting.
Primary care-based educational interventions to decrease risk factors for metabolic syndrome for adults with major psychotic and/or affective disorders: a systematic review

Individuals with major psychotic and/or affective disorders are at increased risk for developing metabolic syndrome due to lifestyle- and treatment-related factors. Numerous pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been tested in inpatient and outpatient mental health settings to decrease these risk factors. This review focuses on primary care-based non-pharmacological (educational or behavioral) interventions to decrease metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults with major psychotic and/or affective disorders. The authors conducted database searches of PsychINFO, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, as well as manual searches and gray literature searches to identify included studies. The authors were unable to identify any studies meeting a priori inclusion criteria because there were no primary care-based studies. This review was unable to demonstrate effectiveness of educational interventions in primary care. Interventions to decrease metabolic syndrome risk have been demonstrated to be effective in mental health and other outpatient settings. The prevalence of mental illness in primary care settings warrants similar interventions to improve health outcomes for this population.
The effect of task instruction on the excitability of spinal and supraspinal reflex pathways projecting to the biceps muscle.

There is controversy within the literature regarding the influence of task instruction on the size of the long-latency stretch reflex (M2) elicited by a joint displacement. The aim of this study was to investigate if the previously reported task-dependent modulation of the M2 is specific to the M2 or can be explained by an early release of the intended voluntary response. We took advantage of the fact that the M2 is absent when the duration of the applied perturbation is less than a critical time period. This allowed us to examine modulation of muscle activity with and without the contribution of the M2. In addition, we applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex to examine the modulation of corticomotor excitability with task instruction. Elbow joint extension displacements were used to elicit a stretch reflex in the biceps muscle. Subjects were instructed to “do not intervene” (DNI) with the applied perturbation, or to oppose the perturbation by activating the elbow flexors in response to the perturbation (FLEX). Electromyographic (EMG) activity in the time period corresponding to the M2 was significantly facilitated in the FLEX task instruction both with and without the presence of the M2. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by TMS were also facilitated during the FLEX condition in the absence of the M2. EMG and MEP responses were not facilitated until immediately prior to the onset of the M2. Paired-pulse TMS revealed a significant reduction in short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) during the M2 response, but the level of SICI was not altered by the task instruction. We conclude that the task-dependent modulation of the biceps M2 results, at least in part, from an early release of the prepared movement and is accompanied by an increase in corticospinal excitability that is not specific to the M2 pathway. Task-dependent modulation of the response cannot be explained by an alteration in the excitability of intracortical inhibitory circuits.
Phosphorylation of radixin regulates cell polarity and Mrp-2 distribution in hepatocytes

Radixin, the dominant ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) protein in hepatocytes, has two important binding domains: an NH2-terminal region that binds to plasma membrane and a COOH-terminal region that bind...
`Doing' Organizational Culture in the Saturn Corporation

As we break loose from an urban-industrial way of life and become engulfed in technological, information-based worlds, this dramatic shift in reality pushes many of us towards feelings of intense crisis. The fragmentation of the macro-cultural framework enables a multiplicity of thought-styles to emerge. This rise of social multiplicity, plurality, fragmentation, and indeterminacy leads to aggressive criticisms of traditional modern culture and politics. Yet while there is a break from the rationalized, homogeneous modern world, the `postmodern' world remains ambiguous. Deeply rooted within this struggle for meaning lies language and knowing. Reality is `made real' through language and thought. One way to remain organized is through the manipulation of thought through language. How is a meaningful, stable existence conveyed in a world in which the taken for granted meanings and stability that were `there' in modern settings now appear to be shattered? Our analysis of the Saturn Corporation, USA, focuses o...
Depletion of Murine Anti‐Azobenzenearsonate Plaque‐Forming Cells by Derivatized Polyacrylamide Beads

The depletion of secondary p-azobenzenearsonate plaque-forming cells (ABA-PFC) by affinity columns substituted with ABA was dependent on the primary dose, times elapsed after priming, and the nature of the side-arm on the columns. Thus, higher priming doses of ABA coupled to keyhole limpet haemocyanin (50-500 micrograms of ABA-KLH in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA] favoured depletion of ABA-PFC by ABA coupled to a 6- aminocaproyltyrosine side-arm (SAC-TYR-ABA beads), whereas ABA-PFC from mice primed with 1 microgram of ABA-KLH in CFA were never depleted; this latter population were only depleted by ABA coupled to a histamine side-arm (HIST-ABA beads) 7 months after priming. These data are consistent with the notion that two specificities, HIST-ABA and TYR-ABA, appear to emerge independently, lower priming doses inducing the preferential appearance of the HIST-ABA specificity.
Grounding language in action

We report a new phenomenon associated with language comprehension: theaction—sentence compatibility effect (ACE). Participants judged whether sentences were sensible by making a response that required moving toward or away from their bodies. When a sentence implied action in one direction (e.g., “Close the drawer” implies action away from the body), the participants had difficulty making a sensibility judgment requiring a response in the opposite direction. The ACE was demonstrated for three sentences types: imperative sentences, sentences describing the transfer of concrete objects, and sentences describing the transfer of abstract entities, such as “Liz told you the story.” These data are inconsistent with theories of language comprehension in which meaning is represented as a set of relations among nodes. Instead, the data support an embodied theory of meaning that relates the meaning of sentences to human action.
Russia's new personal data localization regulations: A step forward or a self-imposed sanction?

Abstract The paper represents one of the first comprehensive analyses of Russian personal data localization regulations, which became effective at September 1, 2015. This work describes in detail the main components of the data localization mechanism: triggers of its application, scope, exemptions and enforcement. It also takes into account the official and non-official interpretations of the law by Russian regulators, some of which were developed with the participation of the author. Special consideration is given to the jurisdictional aspects of the Russian data protection legislation and the criteria of its application to foreign data controllers. The author also reveals the rationale behind the adoption of data localization provisions and analyzes their possible impact on foreign companies operating in Russia and implementation of innovative IT-technologies (Cloud computing, Big Data and Internet of Things). The paper concludes that most of the potential benefits of data localization provisions, i.e. in the area of public law, law enforcement activities and taxation. Nevertheless, data localization provisions may still have medium-term positive impact on privacy, since they force all stakeholders to revisit the basic concepts of existing personal data legislation (the notion of personal data, data controller, processing, etc.), thus serving as a driver for re-shaping existing outdated data privacy regulations and crafting something more suitable for the modern IT-environment.