cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Exploring reactive access control

As users store and share more digital content at home, access control becomes increasingly important. One promising approach for helping non-expert users create accurate access policies is reactive policy creation, in which users can update their policy dynamically in response to access requests that would not otherwise succeed. An earlier study suggested reactive policy creation might be a good fit for file access control at home. To test this, we conducted an experience-sampling study in which participants used a simulated reactive access-control system for a week. Our results bolster the case for reactive policy creation as one mode by which home users specify access-control policy. We found both quantitative and qualitative evidence of dynamic, situational policies that are hard to implement using traditional models but that reactive policy creation can facilitate. While we found some clear disadvantages to the reactive model, they do not seem insurmountable.
Expression and purification of recombinant human c-Fos/c-Jun that is highly active in DNA binding and transcriptional activation in vitro

c-Fos and c-Jun are members of the AP-1 family of transcriptional activators that regulate the expression of genes during cell proliferation. To facilitate in vitro studies of mechanisms of transcriptional activation by c-Jun and c-Fos we developed a method for obtaining recombinant c-Fos/c-Jun that is highly active in DNA binding and transcriptional activation in vitro. Full-length human c-Fos and c-Jun were expressed in Escherichia coli. The expression of c-Fos was dependent on a helper plasmid that encodes rare ArgtRNAs. Both over-expressed c-Fos and c-Jun were recovered from inclusion bodies. A c-Fos/c-Jun complex was generated by co-renaturation and purified via a His-tag on the full-length human c-Fos. The resulting c-Fos/c-Jun bound DNA with high affinity and specificity, and activated transcription in a reconstituted human RNA polymerase II transcription system. The availability of active recombinant human c-Fos/c-Jun will allow future biochemical studies of these important transcriptional activators.
American Diabetes Association Postgraduate Meetings--2011.

At the American Diabetes Association(ADA) Postgraduate Meetings held 25–26 February 2011 in New York, a discussion of health-care reform and diabetes was opened by Herbert Pardes, chief executive officer of New York-Presbyterian Hospital, who stated that “the focus on health care by the entire country … and the world has never been so great.” His medical center is one of the largest hospital networks in the country, with 2,300 beds and two medical schools, and is the largest private enterprise in New York. He discussed the Naomi Berry Diabetes Center, treating >10,000 diabetic individuals, with one of the largest pediatric diabetes practices in the U.S. At the Weill Cornell Hospital, surgical treatment for diabetes is being studied. Safety programs are being developed in hand washing and in error prevention. Information technology is being expanded, with (as an example) software tools to reduce deep vein thrombosis. More online access to medical records by patients and initiatives such as health information exchanges are being studied to avoid “costly, redundant tests.” Hospitals around the country are, along with politicians and the general public, focusing on health-care reform because of increasing costs, large numbers of uninsured individuals, and increasing numbers of individuals with chronic diseases, in part because of increasing longevity. Cost-effectiveness is an issue, with the U.S. ranking first in per capita spending but far lower in health outcomes. “A lot of populations,” Pardes said, “are not getting the kind of care that they should.” Health-care reform efforts include measures to increase coverage, eliminate exclusions for preexisting illnesses and “lifetime caps,” allow older dependent children to remain on parents’ plans, and to eliminate costs to patients for annual preventive care. All these concepts are relevant to the treatment of diabetes. Quality has also become an important focus, with proposals that “the provider needs …
Emerging Infections: Pandemic Influenza

The report of the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Emerging Microbial Threats to Health in the United States, published in 1992, defines influenza virus as the prototype emerging infection (1). Pandemics of influenza have been recognized since earliest recorded history and, because of the mutability of the virus, still represent a formidable threat to the health of the nation. Although much progress has been made in describing the molecular aspects of the virus, in elucidating the epidemiology and modes of spread, and in developing methods for prevention and treatment, a rational strategy for control has not been established. The trends of modern society, including the increasing availability of rapid human transportation and the urbanization of the rapidly expanding human population, tend to facilitate the spread of influenza and increase morbidity. Modern medicine can reduce the mortality that resulted from complications of infection with influenza virus during earlier epidemics, but the cost of medical interventions has increased to the point that effective methods of epidemic control should be considered. This challenge provides an opportunity to develop, test, and have in place a strategy for control of interpandemic influenza before the next pandemic. Pandemics result from the emergence of an influenza A virus that is novel for the human population. Evidence for recycling of subtypes of influenza A after intervals of 60 years or more has been derived by determining antibody prevalence in elderly populations prior to the emergence of subtypes H2N2 in 1957 and H3N2 in 1968 (2, 3). A more ominous threat is the reservoir of 14 influenza A subtypes that persist in avian hosts (4). An avian virus can reassort with a human virus, as occurred in 1957 and 1968, to allow the creation of progeny that possess novel surface antigens with the potential to spread in human popu-
On neurochemistry and behavior.

I have been asked to provide an introduction to the papers to be presented in this section—and to that end, have elected to outline briefly some of the historical antecedents of the research to be described in the hope that such an outline will provide some perspective on that research.
Evaluation of Nursing Interventions Designed to Impact Knowledge, Behaviors, and Health Outcomes for Rural African-Americans: An Integrative Review.

Objective The purpose of this review is to evaluate published nursing research reports of effective health promotion strategies for preventing cardiovascular disease, cancer and stroke among rural African Americans. Design and Sample A review of the nursing literature was conducted to select intervention studies published within the past decade (2004-2014). An integrative review method was adapted to evaluate, analyze, and synthesize the nursing research articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results Data evaluation encompassed displaying the data in a literature matrix for the appraisal of research components employed in the studies. The major intervention strategies reported in the health promotion studies were reduced, displayed in tables, and synthesized. The resultant comparison of the studies can potentially guide nurse researchers in designing health promotion interventions targeting rural African Americans. Discussion Public health nurses are uniquely qualified to assist in the national goals of eliminating health disparities for population groups at risk for poor health outcomes by the development and implementation of evidence-based health promotion interventions. Assisting healthy individuals within community settings reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease and cancer can potentially decrease mortality rates associated with these diseases and improve health equity for disadvantaged populations.
Statistical Methods of Use in Analysing Sequences of Earthquakes

Summary The estimation of the hazard function, the intensity function, and the variance-time curve are discussed and asymptotic sampling properties of the estimates are given. These functions are of use in describing the time dependence of a sequence of earthquakes. The methods are illustrated by applying them to a sequence of 4764 microearthquakes that occurred from 1968 to 1971 near Hollister, California.
Linear Boltzmann Equation as the Long Time Dynamics of an Electron Weakly Coupled to a Phonon Field

We consider the long time evolution of a quantum particle weakly interacting with a phonon field. We show that in the weak coupling limit the Wigner distribution of the electron density matrix converges to the solution of the linear Boltzmann equation globally in time. The collision kernel is identified as the sum of an emission and an absorption term that depend on the equilibrium distribution of the free phonon modes.
OVLT lesion decreases basal arterial pressure and the chronic hypertensive response to AngII in rats on a high-salt diet

We have reported that lesion of the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) has no effect on basal levels of mean arterial pressure (MAP) but abolishes the hypertensive effects of angiotensin II (AngII) in rats consuming a normal-salt diet. These results suggest that the OVLT does not contribute to regulation of MAP under conditions of normal salt intake, but it is an important brain site for the hypertensive actions of AngII. The OVLT has been proposed as a major sodium sensor in the brain and the hypertensive effects of AngII are exacerbated by high-salt intake. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the role of the OVLT during AngIIinduced hypertension in rats fed a high-salt diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent sham (Sham; n = 9) or OVLT lesion (OVLTx; n = 8) surgery and were placed on a high-salt (2% NaCl) diet. MAP was measured by radio telemetry during three control days, 10 days of AngII infusion (10 ng/kg/min, i.v.), and a 3-day recovery period. MAP was significantly lower in OVLTx (97 2 mmHg) compared to Sham (106 1 mmHg) rats during the control period (P < 0.05). Moreover, the chronic pressor response to AngII was markedly attenuated in OVLTx rats. MAP increased 58 3 mmHg in Sham rats by Day 10 of AngII compared to a 40 7 mmHg increase in OVLTx rats (P < 0.05). We conclude that (1) the OVLT regulates the basal levels of MAP in rats consuming a high-salt and (2) the OVLT is an important brain site of action for the pathogenesis of AngII-salt hypertension in the rat. Supported by HL076312.
GnRH and GnRH receptors: distribution, function and evolution

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was originally identified because of its essential role in regulating reproduction in all vertebrates. Since then, three phylogenetically related GnRH decapeptides have been characterized in vertebrates and invertebrates. Almost all tetrapods investigated have at least two GnRH forms (GnRH1 and GnRH2) in the central nervous system. From distributional and functional studies in vertebrates, GnRH1 in the hypothalamus projects predominantly to the pituitary and regulates reproduction via gonadotropin release. GnRH2, which is located in the midbrain, projects to the whole brain and is thought to be involved in sexual behaviour and food intake. GnRH3, located in the forebrain, has only been found in teleost fish and appears to be involved in sexual behaviour, as well as, in some fish species, gonadotropin release. Multiple GnRH receptors (GnRH-Rs), G-protein-coupled receptors regulate endocrine functions and neural transmissions in vertebrates. Phylogenetic and structural analyses of coding sequences show that all vertebrate GnRH-Rs cluster into two main receptor types comprised of four subfamilies. This suggests that at least two rounds of GnRH receptor gene duplications may have occurred in different groups within each lineage. Functional studies suggest that two particular subfamilies of GnRH receptors have independently evolved to act as species-specific endocrine modulators in the pituitary, and these show the greatest variety in regulating neuron networks in the brain. Given the long evolutionary history of the GnRH system, it seems likely that much more remains to be understood about its roles in behaviour and function of vertebrates.
The stochastically curtailed generalized likelihood ratio: A new termination criterion for variable-length computerized classification tests.

Computerized classification tests (CCTs) are used to classify examinees into categories in the context of professional certification testing. The term “variable-length” refers to CCTs that terminate (i.e., cease administering items to the examinee) when a classification can be made with a prespecified level of certainty. The sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) is a common criterion for terminating variable-length CCTs, but recent research has proposed more efficient methods. Specifically, the stochastically curtailed SPRT (SCSPRT) and the generalized likelihood ratio criterion (GLR) have been shown to classify examinees with accuracy similar to the SPRT while using fewer items. This article shows that the GLR criterion itself may be stochastically curtailed, resulting in a new termination criterion, the stochastically curtailed GLR (SCGLR). All four criteria—the SPRT, SCSPRT, GLR, and the new SCGLR—were compared using a simulation study. In this study, we examined the criteria in testing conditions that varied several CCT design features, including item bank characteristics, pass/fail threshold, and examinee ability distribution. In each condition, the termination criteria were evaluated according to their accuracy (proportion of examinees classified correctly), efficiency (test length), and loss (a single statistic combing both accuracy and efficiency). The simulation results showed that the SCGLR can yield increased efficiency without sacrificing accuracy, relative to the SPRT, SCSPRT, and GLR in a wide variety of CCT designs.
Assessment for Diagnosis

Assessment serves many goals. As we pointed out in Chapter 2, one of the most common goals of assessment is diagnosis. Making diagnoses is an inevitable part of working with children who present with excessive anxiety and fear. Diagnosis is also, however, one of the areas in which you are most likely to experience the type of uncertainty associated with contexts of complexity and diversity. In addition, for many therapists and clinical researchers, making a diagnosis raises issues that are controversial as well as complex. These issues touch on questions that relate to both the validity and the utility of the diagnostic categories themselves, and the procedures used for making the diagnoses.
Presidential Coattails and Legislative Fragmentation

Considerable evidence suggests that legislative fragmentation can negatively aect the survival of democratic presidential regimes. While there is a vast literature examining the determinants of legislative fragmentation, one factor that has traditionally been overlooked is the impact of presidential elections. Do presidential elections increase or decrease legislative fragmentation? Does it matter if presidents are elected by plurality rule or by runo? Using a new dataset that covers
Three-dimensional, nonequilibrium effects in a high-intensity blown arc

Three-dimensional, kinetic and chemical nonequilibrium effects in a high-pressure, high-intensity transferred arc are simulated as the arc is exposed to cold gas flow parallel to the anode. The calculated temperatures and species number density distributions are qualitatively consistent with experimental charged-coupled device images. The predicted anode arc root position and total anode heat transfer are also in reasonable agreement with measured values.
Histiocytic and Nonhistiocytic Glomerular Lesions: Foam Cells and Their Mimickers.

Numerous histiocytes are sometimes noted in glomeruli, giving rise to a foamy-appearing glomerulus. Foamy-appearing glomeruli may also be noted in conditions that do not contain numerous histiocytes. These disease entities are rare, have different underlying causes and pathophysiology, and can cause a diagnostic dilemma. We have observed this histiocytic/foamy glomerular change on the kidney biopsy specimen in 5 different disease entities: crystal-storing histiocytosis, histiocytic glomerulopathy associated with macrophage-activating syndrome, thrombotic microangiopathy, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, and lipoprotein glomerulopathy. We describe and compare the kidney biopsy findings of these histiocytic and foamy-appearing entities. It is important to recognize the kidney biopsy findings of these rare conditions to correctly evaluate and identify the cause and manage these patients.
Paraostomy Hernias: Prevention and Prosthetic Mesh Repair

A hernia is the abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through an opening. An ostomy is an artificial opening through the abdominal wall of intestine or ureter for the discharge of intestinal contents or urine. Unfortunately for patients with ostomies, a hernia alongside the viscus that penetrates the abdominal wall is not unusual. Hernias that are associated with colostomies, ileostomies, jejunostomies, or urostomies would all be classified as paraostomy hernias.
Of Republicrats and Dempublicans: Can African American Voting Patterns at the Local Level Translate into Broader Support for National Republican Candidates?

This paper explores the end of the 2008 Presidential primary season in the context of Senator Barack Obama's speech on race, A More Perfect Union, and the Pew Research Center's Poll on values and Blacks. Next, the paper discusses the impact of various persons who held the office of the presidency and what impact their views have had on Blacks' access to liberty in the United States. Then the paper surveys social science rationale for whether Blacks should be more or less supportive of one major party over the other and what benefit, if any, it may be for Blacks to do so in numbers that may affect party platforms and political power. The paper focuses on the recent history of both major parties actions in the state of Florida. Finally, the paper offers observations about those who are attempting to increase the share of the Black vote in both major parties.
The Telegraphic Abject: Buddhist Meditation and the Redemption of Mechanical Reproduction

Are our minds becoming numb to images of death and violence? Though this question could hardly be settled even by the most extensive public polling techniques, it is of grave concern to theorists of modern visual media. It has become almost common sense that something momentous has happened in the proliferation of mechanical reproduction and electronic simulation, transforming our very sensory faculties to dangerous and largely disempowering effect. Some of the most radically historicizing media theory written in recent years concerns the alteration of our senses by discourses of vision or technologies of mass- mediated visuality (Crary 1990; Buck-Morss 1994; 1997; Feldman 1994; Levin 1993). These writings often turn on arguments about violent ruptures in modernity between the body qua body and the body as represented visually, especially where it concerns the depiction of the abject, such as in graphic violence and death. An over-kill of body-imagery circulates in what may seem like a postmodern “hyperspace” without corporeal bearings (Jameson 1991), flowing in “global mediascapes” with little regard to the limitations of time and space (Appadurai 1996), in flattened simulacra divested of multi-dimensional sensory embodiment (Buck-Morss 1994; 1998; Feldman 1994), and in an apparatus which enforces the privilege of the realm of vision over all other sensory channels (Crary 1990; Levin 1993). Two-dimensional reproductions swirl over the surface of the planet, carrying impressions of the body in violence and in death, graphic images that repeat themselves with such serial regularity that we are possibly becoming inured to them, and ever further distanced from the suffering they represent. Where our capacity for empathy, outrage, and compassion disappears, there also goes our ability to initiate sane reactions to insane actions.
Growth rate of the bathypelagic crustacean Gnathophausia ingens (Mysidacea: Lophogastridae)

The content of water, ash, carbohydrate, lipid, protein, chitin, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and energy was measured for all life stages of the bathypelagic mysid Gnathophausia ingens collected in San Clemente Basin off Southern California, USA between January 1969 and February 1982. These data are used to examine the life history, growth rates, growth pattern and partitioning of material and energy over the life of this species. Females reproduce only once and brood their young for about 1.5 yr, during which time the females do not feed. This species has a very high reproductive effort: of the energy accumulated over its life, 61.3% is used in egg production, 13.4% in parental care of young, 5.6% in cast exoskeletons and only 19.6% remains in the females after brooding. The relative rate of growth (percentage of energy d−1) is about 1% immediately after leaving the mother and declines to about 0.2% as maturity is approached. Such growth rates appear to be typical for an animal of this size living at low temperatures. The evolutionary context of this mysid's life history is discussed.
Commercial Objectives of the Lunar Architecture

[Abstract] Beginning in April 2006, NASA began working with members of the commercial community, its international partners, governmental, scientific and academic communities to begin a nearly year long exploration strategy development effort aimed at defining a strategy for lunar exploration. During this process, six themes eventually emerged that address why return to the Moon, and what we will do when we get there. One of those themes is Economic Expansion. This theme emerged from the commercial and commercial related objectives that were submitted. It is clear from the industrial interest that commerce has a significant and growing role to play in utilizing the Moon.
Determination of suitable side slope angle for Chuanyandong ore member

The open-pit of Chuanyandong ore member of the second stage project in Wengfu phosphate mine is divided into 5 sectors including 9 rated sections.Analysis of the side slope stability on the open-pit was made by simplified Bishop method to determine reasonably final side slope angle of the sectors.
Sample Design for Geologic Site Characterization

The minimization of the average local kriging variance and the minimization of the maximum local kriging variance are developed as alternatives to the often published global kriging variance criterion for the design of an infill sampling program during geologic site characterization. Following this, the computational details for a kriging variance updating procedure are presented. This procedure offers at least two orders of magnitude reduction in the computational effort required for quantitative sample design when compared to a naive kriging implementation.
Hippocampal Volumes in Preterm Infants

The relation between neonatal regional brain volumes and working memory deficits at age 2 years was investigated in 156 very preterm children born at the Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Auatralia, prior to 30 weeks gestation or weighing <1250g.
Discussions About Driving Between Older Adults and Primary Care Providers

OBJECTIVES: To estimate how many older adults discuss driving with a primary care provider during a calendar year and to describe discussion triggers. DESIGN: Observational retrospective medical record review. SETTING: Three primary care clinics (geriatric, hospital-based general internal medicine (GIM), community-based GIM) affiliated with a tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Random sample of 240 older (aged ≥65) adults with one or more primary care visits in 2014 (January 1 to December 31). MEASUREMENTS: Standardized chart abstraction of participant demographic characteristics, medical diagnoses, and presence and context of discussions about driving. Provider factors (obtained from clinic administrators) included sex and average amount worked per week. RESULTS: Participants who visited the geriatric clinic were oldest, had more medical diagnoses, and had a median of 4 visits in 2014 (vs 3 visits in GIM clinics). Documented discussions about driving occurred with a greater proportion of participants in the geriatric (n = 22, 28%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 18-39%) and GIM hospital (n = 15, 19%, 95% CI = 11-29%) clinics than the GIM community clinic (n = 6, 7.5%, 95% CI = 2.8-16%). Medical diagnoses that might affect driving were prevalent but not associated with frequency of documented discussions. In multivariable analysis, participants were more likely to have one or more documented driving discussions in 2014 if they went to the geriatric clinic or had a primary care provider younger than 45 or who worked fewer than six half-day clinics per week. CONCLUSION: Over 1 year, a minority of older adults had a documented discussion about driving with a primary care provider, with differences according to clinic and provider characteristics. Strategies to support routine and preparatory conversations about driving should incorporate these findings and might vary among clinic settings.© 2016, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2016, The American Geriatrics Society. Language: en
First Steps to Survival

The dangers in which America and the world find themselves today justify unusual and highly innovative measures; it is not yet too late to take steps which would alleviate present human suffering and also safeguard man's future
Examining Human Factors Challenges of Sustainable Small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS) Operations

Small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) represent a significant instrument for improving task efficiency and effectiveness across numerous industries and operational environments. However, concern has grown regarding potentially irresponsible operation and public apprehension to potential privacy loss. These concerns, combined with unique sUAS human factors challenges, may lead to unwanted and dangerous results, including reduction of safety, property damage, and loss of life. Such challenges include lack of command, control, and communication (C3) standardization; detection, tracking, and managing operations; and human perceptual and cognitive issues. Issues and concerns could be significant barriers to permitting routine and sustainable operations in the National Airspace System (NAS), but by closely examining these factors may be possible to devise strategies to better support future application. This exploratory study seeks to provide a review of relevant exigent literature as well as condense findings into sets of recommendations and guidelines for human factors in sUAS adoption and use.
Personal Practical Knowledge of Teacher Educators

These vignettes capture tensions buried beneath the surface of the field of research focusing on teacher knowledge. These recollections provide an opening through which we introduce the notion of personal practical knowledge (PPK) and, then, explore complexities of knowledge and knowing in the lives and work of teacher educators. To do so, we draw heavily on existing literature based upon and addressing personal practical knowledge (Connelly FM, Clandinin DJ. Teachers as curriculum planners: narratives of experience. Teachers College Press, New York, 1988) to better understand tensions at play in the field of teacher knowledge, and to offer research literature and methods that value, document, and fold in details of teachers’ experiences to inform understanding of the work of teacher educators.
Thermal fatigue testing of coated monocrystalline superalloys

Induction heating of stepped-disk specimens to study thermal fatigue of coated superalloys is well suited for studying anisotropic alloys and is easily adaptable for corrosive or inert atmosphere testing. Details of the experimental apparatus and results of a thermoelastic finite element analysis to find the stress-strain history are given. To illustrate the technique, the effect of cyclic thermal strains on the durability of an aluminide coating applied to a typical monocrystalline nickel-base superalloy was studied in air. Results show that both the compressive strain encountered on specimen heatup and the tensile strain encountered on cooldown critically affect the aluminide coating degradation. After 6000 cycles of heating from 520 to 1080°C in 5 s, followed by 30 s cooling, 80% coating penetration by scalloping was observed. A similar treatment with 6 s cooling resulted in alumina-filled "cracks" extending into the substrate.
Patterns of Early Infectious Complications in Adult Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation (UCBT). A Single Center Experience.

Abstract The major cause of non-relapse transplant related mortality (TRM) in UCBT continues to be infectious, with blood stream infections (BSI) constituting the majority of these events. However, CMV antigenemia and BK virus associated late onset hemorrhagic cystitis (LOHC) are increasingly important causes of morbidity and mortality. We review our single institution experience. We identified 13 patients with hematological malignancies in our database that had undergone UCBT in the period June 2002 - January 2005 and analyzed these data to document the incidence and patterns of infectious complications. The median age was 48 (range 19–62) years. All patients received infectious prophylaxis with Ciprofloxacin, Acyclovir, Voriconazole, Bactrim/nebulized Pentamidine. Eleven patients underwent conditioning with standardized Thiotepa/Busulfan/Cytoxan and GVHD prophylaxis with Tacrolimus/Mycphenalate Mofetil/ATG and the remaining 2 patients received TBI based conditioning. The median total nucleated cell (TNC) was 1.70E+07 and the median CD34 (+) cell count was 8.0E+04. The HLA matches were 4/6 in 9, 5/6 in 3 and 6/6 in 1 patient. All patients engrafted with a median time to neutrophil engraftment (TNE) of 25 (range 16–34) days. Twelve of thirteen patients achieved full donor chimerism at day 30 and 10 of 12 patients with full chimerism at day 100. Five patients developed grade II-IV acute GVHD requiring additional steroid therapy and 1 patient died of steroid refractory GVHD at day 50. Four patients had positive blood cultures at transplant. All patients developed documented bacterial infections: Gram positive in 12 (92%) (VRE in 23%, Steotrophomonas maltophilia in 31%); Gram negative in 8 (61%) (E. cloacae in 15%, Acinobacter spp. in 2 cases). Ten patients were CMV seropositive and 9 of these developed antigenemia requiring Gancyclovir/Foscarnet therapy. Nine patients had documented BK viruria with consequent late onset hemorrhagic cystitis (LOHC) and 5 patients developed BK viremia. There was 1 case of fungal BSI, while 8 patients had documented fungal tongue cultures. Four patients had positive bronchial washings (3 bacterial, 1 C. glabrata). Twelve (92%) patients were alive at day 100. Of note 62% of BSI and all cases of LOHC and CMV antigenemia developed after neutrophil engraftment. In our series of patients, viral infections (CMV, BK virus) were the most significant causes of morbidity. The high rate of BSI, especially after myeloid recovery, argues for a major influence of impaired immune recovery.
Observations of Rate-Dependent Fracture of Locally Weakened Interfaces in Adhesive Bonds

Studies of the fracture behavior of adhesive joints can provide scientific understanding of failure processes as well as properties required for engineering design purposes. The focus of the present paper is to discuss the role that locally weakened interfaces in adhesive bonds can have on the fracture behavior of double cantilever beam specimens loaded in both mode I conditions and in mixed (mode I/II) conditions in a dual actuator load frame that permits independent control of the applied loads. Locally weakened areas are created by several methods of contamination of one aluminum adherend, including physical vapor deposition of copper through a mask perforated with the desired size, spacing, and pattern. Results from this experimental study have provided evidence of the size of a weakened zone that is required to be detected by a growing cohesive crack for a commercial adhesive system. The detection size depends on the mode mixity applied, with opening shear conditions rendering detection of smaller weakened zones and closing shear conditions detecting only larger weakened zones. In addition, an interesting rate dependence will be described in which rapidly growing cracks are more likely to detect locally weakened zones than more slowly growing cracks for several systems studied. Possible mechanisms will be suggested.
STARD3 Interacts with Myristoylated Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A

Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) is a component of the oxidative defense system that reduces methionine sulfoxide (MetO) in proteins back to methionine. Although many proteins with MetO are in vitro substrates of MsrA, no in vivo substrates have been confidently identified. In vitro, MsrA can also function as an oxidase that converts methionine to methionine sulfoxide, but it is also not known if it does so in vivo. The cytosolic form of MsrA is myristoylated, and overexpression of the myristoylated form protects the heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury while overexpression of the non-myristoylated form does not. Previous efforts in our laboratory to identify proteins that interact in vivo with MsrA had not been successful. We now report use of a human protein microarray to identify a protein that binds to MsrA. The ProtoArray Human Protein Microarray v5.0 contains 9,483 human proteins from multiple protein classes along with 2,016 controls. Each protein was expressed as an N-terminal GST- tagged protein and printed in duplicate on the nitrocellulose-coated slide glass. We incubated the slide with biotinylated human MsrA and interrogated the array with streptavidin tagged with Alexa Fluor 647. STARD3 emerged as an interacting protein with a high probability score. We co-expressed MsrA and STARD3 in HEK-293 cells, immunoprecipitated from a homogenate with anti-STARD3, and confirmed that MsrA was co-immunoprecipitated. When non-myristoylated MsrA was co-expressed, no interaction with STARD3 was detected. STARD3 contains the star-related lipid transfer (START) domain, and proteins with that domain have been implicated in lipid and steroid metabolism. STARD3 is known to bind cholesterol and transport it to the late endosome. We conclude that it also binds to myristoylated MsrA, and we are now investigating the physiological significance of the interaction.
Evaluation of acceptance and commitment therapy for domestic violence offenders

OBJECTIVE: There are currently few empirically supported batterer intervention programs (BIPs) for perpetrators of domestic violence. In practice, a combination of psychoeducation on power and control dynamics (i.e., Duluth Model) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques are widely used in BIPs but produce limited effects on violent recidivism. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based program (Achieving Change Through Values-Based Behavior [ACTV]; Lawrence, Langer Zarling, & Orengo-Aguayo, 2014) on reducing new criminal charges 1 year postintervention compared with the traditional treatment (a combination of the Duluth Model and CBT). METHOD: Administrative data were collected from a sample of 3,474 men who were arrested for domestic assault and court-mandated to a BIP (nonrandomized either ACTV or Duluth/CBT) from 2011 to 2013. Incidence and frequency of new criminal charges were examined during the intervention time period as well as 12 months postintervention time period, and analyses were completed for the entire intent-to-treat sample as well as treatment completers only. RESULTS: Compared with Duluth/CBT participants, significantly fewer ACTV participants acquired any new charges, domestic assault charges, or violent charges. ACTV participants also acquired significantly fewer charges on average in the 1 year after treatment than Duluth/CBT participants. This pattern of results emerged for both treatment completers and noncompleters. ACTV had a significantly higher dropout rate. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation provides preliminary evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of an ACT-based group for men who have been arrested for domestic assault. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) Language: en
Long-Term Column Testing of Zeolite-Amended Backfills. II: Solute Transport Properties

AbstractEight, long-term column tests (1.05–3.75 year) involving soil-bentonite (SB) backfills with 5 or 10% (by dry weight) of one of three types of zeolite amendment (clinoptilolite, chabazite-UB...
Locomotor adaptability in persons with unilateral transtibial amputation.

Background Locomotor adaptation enables walkers to modify strategies when faced with challenging walking conditions. While a variety of neurological injuries can impair locomotor adaptability, the effect of a lower extremity amputation on adaptability is poorly understood. Objective Determine if locomotor adaptability is impaired in persons with unilateral transtibial amputation (TTA). Methods The locomotor adaptability of 10 persons with a TTA and 8 persons without an amputation was tested while walking on a split-belt treadmill with the parallel belts running at the same (tied) or different (split) speeds. In the split condition, participants walked for 15 minutes with the respective belts moving at 0.5 m/s and 1.5 m/s. Temporal spatial symmetry measures were used to evaluate reactive accommodations to the perturbation, and the adaptive/de-adaptive response. Results Persons with TTA and the reference group of persons without amputation both demonstrated highly symmetric walking at baseline. During the split adaptation and tied post-adaptation walking both groups responded with the expected reactive accommodations. Likewise, adaptive and de-adaptive responses were observed. The magnitude and rate of change in the adaptive and de-adaptive responses were similar for persons with TTA and those without an amputation. Furthermore, adaptability was no different based on belt assignment for the prosthetic limb during split adaptation walking. Conclusions Reactive changes and locomotor adaptation in response to a challenging and novel walking condition were similar in persons with TTA to those without an amputation. Results suggest persons with TTA have the capacity to modify locomotor strategies to meet the demands of most walking conditions despite challenges imposed by an amputation and use of a prosthetic limb.
Nephrolithiasis: A complication of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis.

Objective To determine the frequency of nephrolithiasis as a complication of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pediatrics. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with DKA admitted to a pediatric hospital between January 2009 and July 2016. We identified patients with nephrolithiasis during admission for DKA. Results We identified 395 episodes of DKA over 7.5 years. Nephrolithiasis developed as a complication of DKA in 3 of those admissions (0.8%). All three patients with nephrolithiasis were males with new onset type 1 diabetes, aged 11 to 16.5 years. They all developed symptoms of nephrolithiasis after transition to subcutaneous insulin. One patient had subsequent worsening acidosis that required an additional 24 hours of IV insulin administration. Conclusions Nephrolithiasis is a rare complication of pediatric DKA, and should be considered in children with DKA who develop hematuria, flank pain, or suprapubic pain. Nephrolithiasis can increase insulin resistance due to increased pain and inflammation, so these patients should be monitored closely for recurrence of DKA. As patients with diabetes have increased risk of chronic kidney disease and nephrolithiasis can cause kidney injury, risk factors for nephrolithiasis should be identified and addressed to avoid subsequent kidney damage.
Competitive Hybrid Ensemble Using Neural Network and Decision Tree

A group of experts can offer a more-informed opinion than any individual expert. In machine learning, the ensemble algorithm mirrors this real-world approach by combining predictions of multiple models, yielding higher performance than any individual model. However, having many models does not ensure optimal performance, the challenge is to choose the best set of models that are both diverse and accurate. In this paper, we propose an ensemble model selection algorithm for a hybrid ensemble, called competitive hybrid ensemble (CHE). CHE first creates a population of models, and then ranks the performance of each model on the validation set. From this ranking, CHE assembles the ensemble candidates and evaluates them on the training set. Finally, the best performing candidate is selected as the final hybrid ensemble. We tested our algorithm using neural network and decision tree as the base models. We compared CHE with random forest, a simple hybrid ensemble without the proposed method, and four types of neural network ensembles. Results show that CHE significantly outperforms or is on-par with most of the other methods.
High priests of precision

The Fundamental Physical Constants and the Frontier of Measurement. By B.W. Petley. Adam Hilger: 1984. Pp.346. 28.50, 49.
A review through the looking glass: new advances in dermoscopy.

Abstract Dermoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that facilitates the visualization of surface and subsurface structures of the skin. It has been proven to be an essential tool in the diagnosis of both malignant and benign cutaneous lesions. In this article, we review some of the most recent and noteworthy advances in dermoscopy. In addition, we discuss Reflectance Confocal Microscopy (RCM) and Optical Coherence Topography (OCT), two non-invasive imaging devices that may be used alongside dermoscopy to improve diagnostic accuracy.
A Liberal Argument for Border Controls: Reply to Carens:

This note challenges Joseph H. Carens’ assertion that no comprehensive liberal case has been made against open borders. The heart of a liberal case against open borders is the distinction between t...
Sleep in Infants and Children with Medical Disorders

Sleep disturbances including sleep-disordered breathing, insomnia, parasomnias, and circadian rhythm disorders are estimated to affect between 10 and 20% of the general pediatric population. However, children with co morbid medical disorders have an increased risk for sleep disorders based on the disease itself, pain, treatments for the underlying disease, or the child's or family's response to the disease. Literature discussing sleep disturbances in these populations is lacking. This may be related to the rarity of some of the childhood medical disorders. However, it is likely also related to the general under-recognition of sleep disturbances in the pediatric population. The purpose of this article is to discuss sleep-related difficulties in patients with a variety of medical disorders. Highlighted disorders include atopic diseases, blind, cancer, congenital heart disease, craniofacial disorders, cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, renal disease, and sickle cell anemia. Recognition and treatment of sleep disturbances associated with these medical disorders may result in improved quality of life for these children.
Inedible Meat, Poultry and Fish By-Products in Pet Foods

Animal by-products have been a major contributor to the growth and expansion of the world’s pet-food industry and have supplied the majority of the proteins, fats, and minerals, plus significant quantities of vitamins for pets through the years. The pet food industry is big business with America’s 52 million dogs and 56 million cats consuming foods costing about $8 billion in annual sales and totaling 6·7 million tons produced (Table 13-1). There are an estimated 20 000 dog and cat foods produced in the United States with 1800–1900 registered in Texas (R. Sellers, Pers. Comm.) In the US more than 36 billions lbs of inedible raw materials must be disposed of each year; thus, the rendering industry is a valuable adjunct to environmental protection and safety (Brown et al., 1990).
The Biology of Human Papillomavirus Infections

HPV infections are ubiquitous, and while they are etiologically linked to cervical cancer, the progression of an HPV infection to invasive cancer is a rare event and occurs over a period of many years. In this chapter, the properties of human papillomaviruses, the characteristics of HPV infections, and the potential mechanisms by which an HPV infection can progress to invasive cancer are described.
More hypotension in patients taking antihypertensives preoperatively during shoulder surgery in the beach chair position

Purpose Hypotension is common in patients undergoing surgery in the sitting position under general anesthesia, and the risk may be exacerbated by the use of antihypertensive drugs taken preoperatively. The purpose of this study was to compare hypotensive episodes in patients taking antihypertensive medications with normotensive patients during shoulder surgery in the beach chair position.
Management of Brain Metastases in the New Era of Checkpoint Inhibition

Purpose of the review Brain metastasis is a common complication of advanced malignancies, especially, lung cancer, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Traditionally surgery, when indicated, and radiation therapy, either as whole-brain radiation therapy or stereotactic radiosurgery, constituted the major treatment options for brain metastases. Until recently, most of the systemic chemotherapy agents had limited activity for brain metastases. However, with the advent of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy agents, there has been renewed interest in using these agents in the management of brain metastases. Recent findings Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic melanoma, lung cancer, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer among others. They modulate the immune system to recognize tumor antigens as "non-self" antigens and mount an immune response against them. Initial studies of using immune checkpoint inhibitors in brain metastases have shown promising activity, and several clinical trials are currently underway. Studies are also assessing the combination of radiation therapy and immunotherapy in brain metastases. The results of these ongoing clinical trials have the potential to change the therapeutic paradigm in patients with brain metastases.
Imaging of Transcription and Replication in the Bacterial Chromosome with Multicolor Three-Dimensional Superresolution Structured Illumination Microscopy

Superresolution imaging technology has contributed to our understanding of the subnucleoid organization in E. coli cells. Multicolor superresolution images revealing "bacterial nucleolus-like structure or organization," "nucleolus-like compartmentalization of the transcription factories," and "spatial segregation of the transcription and replication machineries" have enhanced our understanding of the dynamic landscape of the bacterial chromatin. This chapter provides a brief introduction into multicolor three-dimensional superresolution structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) used to study the spatial organization of the transcription machinery and its spatial relationship with replisomes from a microbiological research perspective. In addition to a detailed protocol, practical considerations are discussed in relation to (1) sampling and treatment of cells containing fluorescent fusion proteins, (2) imaging the transcription and replication machineries at single-cell levels, (3) performing imaging experiments to capture the spatial organization of the transcription machinery and the nucleoid, and (4) image acquisition and analysis.