cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
cis-[Aqua/methanol(0.45/1.55)](1,1,1-trifluoro-5,5-dimethyl-hexane-2,4-dionato)nickel(II)-cis-[aqua/methanol(1.49/0.51)](1,1,1-trifluoro-5,5-dimethyl-hexane-2,4-dionato)nickel(II) (1/1).

The title compound, [Ni(C8H10F3O2)2(CH4O)1.55(H2O)0.45][Ni(C8H10F3O2)2(CH4O)0.51(H2O)1.49], is an octa­hedral nickel(II) complex with two acetyl­acetonate-like 1,1,1-trifluoro-5,5-dimethyl­hexane-2,4-dionate ligands. The two chelating ligands are in cis positions with respect to each other and the remaining two adjacent coordination sites are taken up by water and methanol donor mol­ecules. In both crystallographically independent mol­ecules, each donor site shows disorder of methanol and water with occupancies of 0.51 (1) and 0.55 (1) in favor of methanol. The remaining two donor sites are not disordered and are water for the first and methanol for the second independent mol­ecule. Rotational disorder is observed for one of the tert-butyl groups, the occupancy rate for the major component here is 0.687 (9). O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the two independent mol­ecules with each other and, across a crystallographic inversion center, they are combined with two neighboring mol­ecules to form a centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded tetra­mer.
Baseline medical comorbidities in adults randomized in the STRIDE trial for psychostimulant use disorders

Background and Objectives Rates of medical illnesses may be higher among individuals with substance use disorders, complicating their care. This study aimed to expand the understanding of other medical conditions in treatment-seeking adults with stimulant use disorder (SUD) using data from Stimulant Reduction Intervention using Dose Exercise (STRIDE), a randomized, multisite trial investigating exercise augmentation of treatment as usual. Methods Utilizing STRIDE baseline data, we examined demographic and clinical characteristics based on the number of self-reported diagnosed medical conditions among participants meeting eligibility criteria (passing medical screening exam and maximal exercise test, non-opioid dependent, no concomitant beta blocker, or opioid replacement therapy). Results The majority (59%) of study participants (N = 302, mean age all participants = 39 years) did not report any history of other medical problems. Those with two or more conditions were older (mean age 46 years), reported more pain and worse physical functioning, and more psychiatric disorders (average 1.44). Hypertension was more common among participants with cocaine use disorders only (present in 16%) and liver disease was more common in those with cocaine plus other stimulant use disorders (present in 7%). Conclusion and Scientific Significance In this sample, patients with SUD were in surprisingly good health. A subpopulation had an overall higher burden of illness with worsened physical and psychiatric functioning. Provision of coordinated care may optimize treatment outcomes for patients based on medical comorbidity burden as well as type of drug abused, although these conclusions should be considered preliminary as they are based on self-reported data. (Am J Addict 2016;XX:1–6)
A Comparative Atomistic Study of the Structure of Grain Boundaries in Tungsten

Most atomistic studies of grain boundaries have been carried out using central forces to describe atomic interactions. However, in transition metals with unfilled d-bands the angular dependence of interatomic forces may be important. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the significance of angular forces in the case of Tungsten. The calculations have been performed for the Σ5(210) symmetrical tilt grain boundary using two alternate approaches. First are the central-force many-body potentials of the Finnis-Sinclair type. The second are the angular dependent potentials obtained via a moment analysis of the electronic density of states. The results of these two approaches are compared by analyzing the boundary structures, the relative displacements of the adjoining grains and the expansion. Differences in structural characteristics are discussed in terms of the effect of angular forces.
Characterization of carbohydrate metabolism in the isolated fetal rat heart. Effects of fasting and alloxan diabetes.

Studies have been made on the effects of maternal fasting and alloxan-induced diabetes on fetal and maternal plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, as well as on fetal myocardial and hepatic glycogen concentrations. Maternal fasting for sixteen hours, ending seventy-two hours prior to sacrifice, had no effect on maternal glucose and insulin concentrations. Under these conditions fetal insulin and hepatic and myocardial glycogen concentrations were also unchanged; fetal plasma glucose increased [from 16±2 to 26±3 mg.'100 ml. (p<0.02]. A sixteen-hour maternal fast immediately preceding sacrifice significantly decreased maternal insulin and glucose concentrations. Fetal hepatic and myocardial glycogen levels and insulin concentrations were also decreased; fetal glucose again increased [from 35±1 to 43±1 mg.'100 ml. the fetal rat, and the importance of fetal insulin on fetal glycogen concentrations are discussed. Maternal alloxan diabetes produced elevated glucose concentrations, unchanged insulin values, decreased hepatic glycogen and increased myocardial glycogen in the fetuses. Possible mechanisms for these findings are discussed. Fetal myocardial glucose uptake in vitro was not affected by either fasting or maternal diabetes. The data suggest that, whereas near-term fetal rats do possess some ability to control their glucose and glycogen concentrations, manipulation of maternal nutrition by fasting or alloxan diabetes can significantly alter fetal carbohydrate metabolism.
Survey on childhood vaccination rates of national immunization program in Yibin, 2012

Objective The purpose of this article is to analysis the factors that affected children’s National Immunization Program (NIP) and vaccination rates in Yibin, and to explore methods to improve vaccination rate in this city. Methods All counties and districts in Yibin participated in the investigation. The vaccination information collected form 270 children under 4 years old through household survey. Stratified sampling method and descriptive epidemiological method were employed in the data analysis. Results The survey investigated a total of 1080 children aged 1-4 years, of which 1078 wereregistered and the rate of registration was 99% . Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ( BCG ) ,Oral Polio Vaccine ( OPV ) ,Diphtheria, Tetanus,and Pertussis Combined Vaccine ( DTP) ,Measles / Rubella Vaccine ( MV / MR) and Hepatitis B Vaccine ( HepB) immunization rates were 93. 05% 、95. 93% 、94. 00% 、95. 00% and 92. 22% ,respectively. The coverage rate for five vaccines was 92. 22% . Meanwhile,the vaccination rates of Live Attenuated Hepatitis A Vaccines ( HepA-L) ,Group A Meningococcal Vaccine ( MenV-A ) , Live Attenuated Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine ( JEV-L ) and Groups A and C Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ( MenV-A + C ) ,as to be the expanded vaccines for NIP,were 85. 06% 、85. 43% 、88. 15% and 86. 30% . The vaccination rates in urban area were lower than that in rural areas. The rates of expanded vaccines were lower than that of original vaccines. Conclusion The vaccination rate of NIP for children aged 1 - 4 years in Yibin maintained at a high level. However, insufficient vaccination sites, lacking of management capabilities, inadequate publicity,poor unvaccinated children finding were still influence factors for vaccination coverage in Yibin. It was necessary to increase vaccination sites, allocate more skilled medical professionals,strengthen standardized management,implement enrollment vaccination certificate inspection and provide immunization for unvaccinated children,in order to improve vaccination coverage of national immunization program and protect children's health.
Between the Familiar and the Stranger: Attachment Security, Mutual Desire, and Reclaimed Love

This article explores the idea that relationships of attachment security are simultaneously relationships of mutual desire. Seen through this lens, separation and reunion behavior become increasingly psychologically charged: infant and mother as well as patient and analyst must revisit their willingness to expose their desire in each encounter. By recognizing that personal agency is vital to both healthy attachment and romantic desire, we can begin to appreciate the dawning of romantic desire, not so much as promoting “separation-individuation” as often conceived, but as exerting a gravitational pull to revisit an original love—one that is now erotically reconceived. We reclaim an original love but now in a relational context between mother and the Other, the pre-Oedipal and the Oedipal, the familiar and the stranger.
E-110 use of the vascular simulations' replicator as a physician training tool for the web-it clinical study

The WEB is a novel intrasaccular aneurysm therapy primarily for ruptured and unruptured intracranial wide neck bifurcation aneurysms. The WEB Intrasaccular Therapy Study (WEB-IT) is the pivotal US IDE Study to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of the therapy for US FDA approval. WEB-IT will enroll approximately 150 patients and no roll-in cases are permitted. A significant challenge of study execution is how to efficiently and effectively train an entirely new user group (US clinical investigators) on the safe and effective use of this new technology while under a clinical trial setting. The Replicator (Vascular Simulations, Stony Brook NY) is a new type of mechanical flow model which simulates the cardiac cycle and incorporates 3D replication of actual patient vasculature. The model allows simulated aneurysm treatment in a true angiographic environment. Training on the Replicator has been integrated as a key aspect of the multimodal WEB-IT Physician Training Program. Benefits of using the Replicator include: case planning (access set-up, WEB placement and deployment, "dry run" clinical cases with the full research team to minimize study deviations), treatment of the same or similar aneurysms as the clinical cases, a shortened learning curve, and the practice of advanced techniques and more difficult delivery options in a no risk environment. In addition, the study design will be described including study inclusion/exclusion criteria, primary safety and effectiveness endpoints, and indications for use. Disclosures A. Arthur: 6; C; Principal Investigator, Proctor, WEB-IT Study, Sequent Medical.
Secretion of ions and pharmacological responsiveness in the mouse paw sweat gland.

1. Some of the basic functional features of the mouse paw eccrine sweat gland were delineated to allow comparison with those of transgenic mice in the future. 2. The mouse sweat secretory coil responds to methacholine, elaborating a K + -rich (>120 mmol/ll),Na + -poor (<70 mmol/l) primary fluid as does the rat paw sweat gland, as previously reported. The methacholine-induced sweat rate increases with age in parallel with the growth of the sweat gland over the first 6 weeks of life
Using Java leJOS to teach robotics to Java programmers: faculty poster abstract

I teach robotics to students who have completed Data Structures in Java and Java is the primary programming language they know.
Design of the Computer Workstation

Publisher Summary Complaints related to posture and vision are frequently voiced by computer operators. The postural problem appears to be largely caused by improperly designed and ill arranged workstation furniture. Another inherited problem is the habit of putting the computer screen at or slightly below eye height. The third inherited problem is the conventional keyboard, now usually containing about a hundred or more keys, located in a essentially flat (horizontal) board, traditionally placed on a support table. Many operators arrange components of their workstation in various unconventional configurations. The monitor is placed high atop a tower of CPU unit and swivel stand, or placed flat on a support surface to the side of the keyboard. Workstations at home have become rather popular and might become more so with increasing tele-commuting, where the home office replaces the space required in the employer's building. In the home office, the person is free to use any workstation design—good or bad in the traditional sense—that suits the individual. Proper design and use of furniture assume flexibility in work organization and management attitudes. Indeed, providing freedom for individual variations from the conventional norm requires considering that persons working with computers differ in their physiques and work preferences. The ergonomic design of video display terminal workstations, their adjustability and proper use can determine, via many and subtle interactions, the person's well-being and the related work performance.
Aerobatic Rolls by Ravens on Santa Cruz Island, California

Il semble qu'un comportement ludique soit la principale explication de ces vols acrobatiques chez Corvus corax
Plasmodium Oocysts: Overlooked Targets of Mosquito Immunity

Although the ability of mosquitoes to limit Plasmodium infection is well documented, many questions remain as to how malaria parasites are recognized and killed by the mosquito host. Recent evidence suggests that anti-Plasmodium immunity is multimodal, with different immune mechanisms regulating ookinete and oocyst survival. However, most experiments determine the number of mature oocysts, without considering that different immune mechanisms may target different developmental stages of the parasite. Complement-like proteins have emerged as important determinants of early immunity targeting the ookinete stage, yet the mechanisms by which the mosquito late-phase immune response limits oocyst survival are less understood. Here, we describe the known components of the mosquito immune system that limit oocyst development, and provide insight into their possible mechanisms of action.
Foodservice Sanitation Training and Reciprocity in the 80s

This is a review of FDA activities during the 1970s in development and implementation of foodservice manager sanitation training/certification programs. A number of these programs have resulted in reciprocal recognition by regulatory agencies in the United States. Suggested steps to be taken in the 80s to continue this trend are discussed. FDA encourages establishment of uniform manager training programs which meet the national criteria and result in reciprocal agreements. A vital component of any effective foodservice program is sanitation training. If it is provided, an additional step has been taken to protect the food the consumer receives.
AN APPRAISAL OF AMNESTY ON OIL PRODUCING AREAS OF NIGERIA, OHAJI / EGBEMA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA IN FOCUS

It is quite obvious that the ill treatment or unjust consideration of the living status of the people living in oil producing area by the government and oil companies have in most cases resulted to violence by the inhabitants. To further engage in prosecutions of these massive numbers of violators who are trying to claim their right through violence seems so unfair equally, thus, amnesty is required from the government. This paper tries to appraise the impact of amnesty on oil producing areas of Nigeria. Taking an instance of, Ohaji / Egbema Local Government Area, Imo State. secondary data and primary data was employed in which survey method was adopted-Simple random sampling was used to select 57 respondents as the sample size to be a fair representation of the entire population. Simple percentage and chi-square was used in testing the hypothesis. The research findings proved the fact that there is significant relationship between amnesty granted to oil producing area and economic development of Nigeria. The study also affirmed that amnesty is an effective tool in bringing peace in the oil producing area. The paper further recommends that Amnesty programme should be encouraged and compensation should be granted to citizen living within the oil producing area.
Relative Contributions of Product Quality and Service Quality in the Automobile Industry

This paper answers two key research questions regarding the relationship between product quality and service quality on customer satisfaction and the relationship between customers’ satisfaction and customers’ intention to switch brands.
The Use of Residual Collagenase for Single Digits With Multiple-Joint Dupuytren Contractures.

Purpose Standard 0.58 mg (0.25 mL) collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) preparations result in unused CCH that is often discarded. Our purpose was to assess the results on Dupuytren contractures affecting both the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints in the same digit utilizing an injection containing the maximum CCH volume that can be withdrawn from a single vial. Methods A consecutive series of patients with MCP and PIP cords in the same digit received a single treatment with 2 injections totaling 0.30 mL distributed between the MCP and the PIP cords and underwent manipulation approximately 24 hours later. Reduction in contracture, clinical success, and complications were assessed 30 days after manipulation. Results Thirty-one patients (34 digits) had a mean preinjection flexion contracture of 50° at the MCP joint and 53° at the PIP joint. Clinical success (reduction in joint contracture to 0°–5° of full extension 30-days postmanipulation) was noted in 65% of MCP cords and 38% of PIP joint cords. We had a 24% incidence of skin tears, which correlated with the degree of preinjection contracture. Conclusions For Dupuytren contractures involving the MCP and PIP joints in the same digit, distributing the maximum amount of CCH that can be withdrawn from a single vial provides efficacy at both joints that is similar to that reported in previously published series, with a comparable complication rate. Utilizing excess CCH typically discarded may provide cost savings. Type of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV.
Transforming Students' Attitudes and Anxieties Toward Death and Loss: The Role of Prior Death Experiences

This study examines the impact of a death and dying course on 39 undergraduate students’ attitudes and anxieties about death. Authors outline key aspects of the curriculum used in the course and di...
Black phosphorus field-effect transistor with record drain current exceeding 1 A/mm

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and black phosphorus (BP), have been extensively studied for future transistor applications because of the atomic thin layered structure for excellent immunity to short channel effects. BP has been considered to be promising for future p-type channel material, because of its high hole mobility, up to 5000 cm2/Vs at room temperature demonstrated [1-6]. However, the on-current (I ON ) of transistors made of 2D semiconductors as channel materials haven't been demonstrated to be comparable to silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFETs).
Composted Yard Waste as a Component of Container Substrates

Abstract Rhododendron indicum (L.) Sweet ‘Due du Rohan’ and Pittosporum tobira variegata Ait. were produced in 10.2 liter (#3) containers in substrates consisting of 20, 40, 60, and 80% (v/v) composted yard waste mixed with pine bark and coarse sand. Plant growth, substrate physical properties, and N and P leachate were compared with a control substrate of pine bark fines:sledge peat:sand (3:1:1 by vol). Shoot growth of plants in compost substrates was similar or better than control plants and greater with daily irrigation compared to alternate day irrigation. Root growth and percent air porosity declined as compost composition and waterholding capacity increased. Total porosity was generally consistent throughout the study. Irrigation regime had no effect on root growth nor substrate physical properties. Ammonium, NO3-N, and P concentrations in leachates varied with substrate and time following topdressing with controlled release fertilizer. Both species grew best in the 40% compost, 50% pine bark, and 1...
Evidenced-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation for Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: An Updated Review of the Literature From 2007 to 2016

Abstract Objective To update the clinical recommendations for cognitive rehabilitation of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), based on a systematic review of the literature from 2007 through 2016. Data Sources Searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were conducted with a combination of the following terms: attention , awareness , cognition , cognitive , communication , executive , executive function , language , learning , memory , perception , problem solving , reasoning , rehabilitation , remediation , training , processing speed , and working memory . One hundred twenty-nine articles were identified and underwent initial screening. Study Selection Fifty-nine articles were selected for inclusion after initial screening. Nineteen studies were excluded after further detailed review. Forty studies were fully reviewed and evaluated. Data Extraction Articles were assigned to 1 of 6 categories: attention, learning and memory, processing speed and working memory, executive functioning, metacognition, or nonspecified/combined cognitive domains. Articles were abstracted and levels of evidence were decided using specific criteria. Data Synthesis The current review yielded 6 class I studies, 10 class II studies, and 24 class III studies. One intervention in the area of verbal learning and memory received support for a practice standard, 2 computer programs received support as practice guidelines (in the area of attention and multicognitive domains), and several studies provided support for 5 practice options in the domains of attention and learning and memory. Conclusions Substantial progress has been made since our previous review regarding the identification of effective treatments for cognitive impairments in persons with MS. However, much work remains to be done to optimize rehabilitation potential by applying the most methodologically rigorous research designs to provide class I evidence in support of a given treatment strategy.
Simulation in Radiology: Diagnostic Techniques

Radiology has evolved to become essentially two distinct but closely related fields: diagnostic and interventional radiology. The use of simulation is therefore diverse in its nature when applied to radiology. In this chapter, we present the role of simulation in diagnostic radiology, which includes not only its role for practitioner training, but its role as an education tool for our patients as they prepare to undergo potentially frightening procedures. Simulation has been utilized in very novel ways for these purposes, and we believe much of this material will be of interest to the reader and may provide others with potential beneficial applications to a variety of other specialties. In the second part of In the following chapter, the role of simulation in interventional radiology is presented. Given the nature of invasive radiology and its grounding as a procedure-centric specialty, simulation in this field is more similar to other interventional fields and has shown great promise.
Domain-Adaptable Hybrid Generation of RDF Entity Descriptions

RDF ontologies provide structured data on entities in many domains and continue to grow in size and diversity. While they can be useful as a starting point for generating descriptions of entities, they often miss important information about an entity that cannot be captured as simple relations. In addition, generic approaches to generation from RDF cannot capture the unique style and content of specific domains. We describe a framework for hybrid generation of entity descriptions, which combines generation from RDF data with text extracted from a corpus, and extracts unique aspects of the domain from the corpus to create domain-specific generation systems. We show that each component of our approach significantly increases the satisfaction of readers with the text across multiple applications and domains.
Pressure-Density-Temperature Relations of He 3 -He 4 Mixtures near the Liquid-Vapor Critical Point

Measurements of the density $\ensuremath{\rho}$ versus pressure $P$ along isotherms for six ${\mathrm{He}}^{3}$-${\mathrm{He}}^{4}$ solutions (${X}_{3}=0.960, 0.886, 0.800, 0.600, 0.400, \mathrm{and} 0.200$) near their liquid-vapor critical point are presented. For a given mole fraction ${X}_{3}$, it was found that the boiling and dew curves in the $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{-}P$ plane could be represented by a relation similar to that for the coexistence curve of a pure fluid. Here the point at the extremity of the two-phase region, which we call the symmetry point with the parameters ${P}_{s}$, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{s}$, and ${T}_{s}$, takes the place of the critical point for a pure fluid. The dew curve is given by $({\ensuremath{\rho}}_{s}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\rho}) \ensuremath{\propto}{({P}_{s}\ensuremath{-}P)}^{{\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}}$ with ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}=0.375\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$, independent of ${X}_{3}$. The determination of the line of critical points in the $P\ensuremath{-}T$ plane from the dew and boiling curves at various mole fractions is described. The pressure, density, and temperature for the critical and the symmetry points are presented and discussed. From the dew and boiling curves, the true coexistence curves were constructed in the $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{-}P$ plane at constant $T$ and in the $\ensuremath{\rho}\ensuremath{-}T$ plane at constant $P$ and could be described approximately by $({\ensuremath{\rho}}_{L}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{G})\ensuremath{\propto}{({P}_{c}\ensuremath{-}P)}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}T$ and $({\ensuremath{\rho}}_{L}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{G})\ensuremath{\propto}{(T\ensuremath{-}{T}_{c})}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}P$ with an average value for the various isotherms and isobars considered of ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{T}=0.42\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06$ and ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{P}=0.39\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$. Here ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{L}$ and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{G}$ are the densities along the coexistence curve on the liquid and the gas side, respectively. The measurements of the compressibility ${k}_{T,X}$ along the critical isochore in the one-phase region seem to exclude a "strong" divergence with ($T\ensuremath{-}{T}_{c}$), but do not extend close enough to ${T}_{c}$ to either support or disprove the "weak" divergence as predicted by Griffiths and Wheeler. These measurements are compared with those of the normalized compressibility ${(\frac{\ensuremath{\rho}}{{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{s}})}^{2}{k}_{T,X}$ along the dew and boiling curves. Comparisons are also made with the behavior of the compressibility for a pure fluid along the coexistence curve and above ${T}_{c}$. A brief addendum to the analysis for ${k}_{T}$ in pure ${\mathrm{He}}^{3}$ is presented.
Backreaction of axion coherent oscillations

We investigate how coherent oscillations backreact on the evolution of the condensate wave function of ultralight axions in the nonrelativistic regime appropriate to cosmic structure formation. The coherent oscillations induce higher harmonics beyond the fundamental mode considered so far when a self-interaction is present, and imprint oscillations in the gravitational potential. We emphasize that the effective self-interaction felt by the slowly-varying envelop of the wave function always differs from the bare Lagrangian interaction potential. We also point out that, in the hydrodynamical formulation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, oscillations in the gravitational potential result in an attractive force that counteracts the effect of the quantum pressure arising from the strong delocalization of the particles. Since these effects become significant on physical scales less than the (large) Compton wavelength of the particle, they are presumably not very relevant on the mildly nonlinear scales traced by intergalactic neutral hydrogen for axion masses consistent with the bounds from the Lyman-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$ forest. However, they might affect the formation of virialized cosmological structures and their stability.
Chemically Enhanced Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotube Electronic Gas Sensor for Isopropyl Alcohol Detection.

Breathing-air quality within commercial airline cabins has come under increased scrutiny because of the identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the engine bleed air used to provide oxygen to cabins. Ideally, a sensor would be placed within the bleed air pipe itself, enabling detection before it permeated through and contaminated the entire cabin. Current gas-phase sensors suffer from issues with selectivity, do not have the appropriate form factor, or are too complex for commercial deployment. Here, we chose isopropyl alcohol (IPA), a main component of de-icer spray used in the aerospace community, as a target analyte: IPA exposure has been hypothesized to be a key component of aerotoxic syndrome in pre, during, and postflight. IPAs proposed mechanism of action is that of an anesthetic and central nervous system depressant. In this work, we describe IPA sensor development by showing (1) the integration of a polymer as an IPA capture matrix, (2) the adoption of a redox chemical additives a...
A Unified Strategy for the Syntheses of the Isoquinolinium Alkaloids Berberine, Coptisine, and Jatrorrhizine.

Total syntheses of the antibacterial alkaloids berberine, coptisine, and jatrorrhizine have been achieved in four steps through a unified route. The key step of this strategy is an efficient intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkoxyalkylation which, following oxidation, establishes the isoquinolinium core of these natural products. Herein, the design and development of this synthetic strategy, which has enabled the shortest and most efficient syntheses of these alkaloids reported to date, is described.
Therapeutic Alliance in Clinical Videoconferencing: Optimizing the Communication Context

This chapter addresses methods to establish or bolster therapeutic alliance with patients engaged in clinical videoconferencing (CV). The chapter will present a brief summary of the existing literature on therapeutic alliance to support a discussion of how therapeutic alliance may be impacted when conducting CV services. The chapter will also denote modifications to standard clinical behaviors which have been linked to strong therapeutic alliance in CV settings.
Radioligands for imaging vesicular monoamine transporters

The vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) is a protein specifically located in the membrane of neurotransmitter storage vesicles of monoaminergic neurons (dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and histamine). The noninvasive in vivo imaging of this transporter has been utilized as a marker of the changes in monoaminergic innervation in human neurological diseases. Development of suitably radiolabeled compounds for in vivo imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) produced optimized carbon-11 ((+)-α-[11C]dihydrotetrabenazine, DTBZ) and fluorine-18 (9-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-dihydrotetrabenazine, AV-133) radioligands. Applications of VMAT2 radioligand imaging in numerous neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s and related movement disorders, dementia with Lewy bodies) and psychiatric diseases (e.g., schizophrenia) and drug abuse have demonstrated that in vivo imaging of the VMAT2 provides a powerful tool to examine the progress and extent of changes of monoaminergic innervation in human disease conditions.
Convective solvent flow across the skin during iontophoresis

Enhanced flux of neutral solutes during transdermal iontophoresis is attributed largely to electroosmotic volume flow. In this study, the iontophoretic fluxes of tritiated water (3H2O) and 14C-labeled mannitol through hairless mouse skin (HMS) were determined. The following questions were addressed: (i) What is the variability of water flux during iontophoresis? (ii) To what extent is the iontophoretic flux of a neutral solute correlated with water flux? (iii) Does the intrinsic permeability of the skin to neutral solutes change following iontophoresis? (iv) What is the effect of low pH on electroosmotic volume flow? and (v) Does the skin remain permselective after removal of the stratum corneum? Transport of both water and mannitol reached steady-state levels during 10 hr of constant-current iontophoresis (0.36 mA/cm2). Anodal fluxes exceeded cathodal values. Cathodal mannitol flux was retarded, relative to passive transport, by net volume flow in the opposite direction, such that transport of this molecule increased significantly after the termination of current passage. Anodal equivalent volume flows for water and mannitol, respectively, were 2.7 (±1.3) and 1.23 (±0.59) µL/hr cm2, indicating that only ~50% of the water flux participated in the electroosmosis of mannitol. The passive permeability of water and mannitol after 10 hr of iontophoresis was, respectively, 6 and 30 times greater than the pretreatment values. At pH 7, the cationic permselectivity of HMS was marginal [the Na+ transport number ( $$t_{Na} + $$ ) was determined to be 0.46] and less than that reported for human skin. Lowering the pH values of the solutions on either side of the skin to slightly less than 4 reversed the direction of net volume flow; cathodal flux was greater than anodal flux. When the donor solution was at pH 3.8 and the receptor was pH 7.4, the flux profile was complicated and net volume flow was not obvious. Finally, it was found that electroosmosis from anode to cathode was retained even following removal of the stratum corneum by tape-stripping.
Lesão renal em doentes com hipertensão arterial: estudo em cuidados de saúde primários na região de Braga

Introduction: Hypertension maybe cause or consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). High blood pressure can change albumin excretion rate and/or lead to more rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Objetive: Determine the prevalence of the microalbuminuria (MA) and CKD in patients with hypertension of two Northern Portuguese Primary Health Care Providers. Verify the relationship between individual factors and MA/CKD. Methods: Adults diagnosed with arterial hypertension were included in this study. Data collection from MIM@UF and SClinico programs, during 2015. Variables: age, gender, body weight, blood pressure control, length of disease, diabetes mellitus and renin angiotensin inhibitor drugs users. Then a binary logistic regression model was created to identify possible risk factors associated with MA and CKD. Results: The study included 310 individuals with arterial hypertension, mostly women (51,9%) with average age of 68,1 years. MA was present in 10,6%, preferentially determined by 24 hours urine collection (54,5%). The prevalence of CKD with GFR <60ml/min was 22,6%. We found statistical correlation with MA and overweight (p=0,046), male (p=0,035) and no treatment with renin angiotensin inhibitors (p=0,034). The increased age and overweight/obesity are associated with CKD (GFR<60ml/min). Discussion: Renal damage is present in an important proportion of hypertensive people followed up in primary care. The family doctor has an important role in early detection of renal lesion and with the appropriate screening methods, should be able to recognize the modifiable risk factors for preventing progression of renal disease.
Intellectual property and the economics of product differentiation

The literature applying the economics of product differentiation to intellectual property has been called the most important development in the economic analysis of IP in years. Relaxing the assumption that products are homogeneous yields new insights by explaining persistent features of IP markets that the traditional approaches cannot, challenging the extent to which IP allows rightsholders to earn monopoly profits, allowing for sources of welfare outside of price-quantity space, which in turn opens up new dimensions along which intellectual property can compete. It also allows for equilibria with different welfare characteristics, making the tendency towards systematic underproduction more contingent and suggesting a broader range of policy options for promoting optimality. This Chapter reviews the economics of product differentiation, examining both the monopolistic competition and spatial competition lines of this scholarship. It then surveys the literature applying these approaches to patent, copyright, and trademark.
Using Physiological Responses To Capture Unique Idea Creation In Team Collaborations

The rise of multimodal learning analytics (MMLA) gives opportunity to learn about teamwork and collaboration through detailed physiological responses, with the aid of multimodal tools. The primary goal of this study is to determine if unique idea creation, or secondary agreement to unique ideas, in group collaboration can be distinguished through one's physiological responses. In this pilot study participants who presented new ideas demonstrated higher levels of galvanic skin response, indicative of engagement, emotional arousal or cognitive load.
Longitudinal outcomes of dialysis-dependent patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting.

BACKGROUND Dialysis-dependent patients have a higher risk of short-term morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery. However, longitudinal survival and readmissions in this patient population after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are lacking in the literature. METHODS All patients undergoing isolated CABG from 2011 to 2017 were included. Perioperative data were retrospectively extracted from a prospectively maintained cardiac surgical database with a primary focus on longitudinal mortality and readmissions. RESULTS The total study population consisted of 6874 nondialysis-dependent patients and 174 patients with dialysis dependence. Patients in the dialysis-dependent group presented a higher risk of morbidity and mortality as reflected in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons-Predicted Risk of Morbidity and Mortality (STS-PROM) (8.4% ± 9.7% vs 2.3% ± 3.9%; P < 0.001). Operative (30-day) mortality was significantly higher in the dialysis group (8.6% vs 2.3%; P < 0.001). Unadjusted outcomes yielded 30-day (92% vs 98%; P < 0.001), 1-year (80% vs 94%; P < 0.001), and 5-year (38% vs 84%; P < 0.001) survival that was significantly worse for the dialysis group. Freedom from readmission at 30 days (93% vs 87%; P = 0.005), 1 year (78% vs 56%; P < 0.001), and 5 years (62% vs 39%; P < 0.001) was significantly better for the nondialysis cohort. Dialysis dependence was an independent predictor of mortality at 30 days (hazard ratio [HR], 3.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.96, 5.03; P < 0.001), 1 year (HR, 3.20; 95% CI, 2.14, 2.79; P < 0.001), and 5 years (HR, 4.02; 95% CI, 3.07, 5.26; P < 0.001) despite risk adjustment. CONCLUSION Dialysis-dependent patients have significantly elevated operative risk, which translates to worse short- and long-term survival following isolated CABG. The need for dialysis alone is an independent predictor of both mortality and readmission in the midterm.
Commutativity and Homotopy-Commutativity

The aim of this section is to show, by means of the methods developed in Chapter 3, that for an associative H-space G there exist maps G× G → G satisfying certain commutativity conditions (Theorem 4.5). As will be explained in Remarks 4.6 this result is related to the work of other authors on homotopy-commutativity.
Perceptual Consequences of Variability in Native and Non-Native Speech.

Background/Aims: Native speakers often have a difficult time understanding non-native speech, and this challenge is frequently attributed to a more variable signal. While theories and models of general speech perception are grounded in issues of variability, they rarely consider non-native speech. Here, we ask how a specific type of variability (speaking rate) impacts two measures of perception for both native and non-native speech. Methods: In the present study, one group of listeners transcribed speech, providing a measure of intelligibility. A second group of listeners rated how fluent the speaker was, providing a measure of fluency. Results: The results show that variability in speaking rate correlates with a non-native speaker’s intelligibility. However, perceived fluency measures are not predicted by this variability measure. Conclusions: These results, taken with studies of the range of variability in non-native speech, suggest that variability in non-native speech is not a monolithic construct. Current theories and models of perception can be enhanced by examining non-native speech and how variability in that speech impacts perception.
Development of an Adaptive Docking Station for Resident Underwater Vehicles

The design of a Subsea Autonomous Docking Lander (SADL), as a part of an open-access underwater robot sensing network, is presented. The proposed system will serve as an offshore charging and data-transmission station for resident autonomous underwater vehicles. To ensure the reliability and repeatability of underwater docking, SADL was developed with multiple unique features. These include a motorized vehicle securing system that automatically detects the presence of the vehicle in the docking position and secures the vehicle. Four self-leveling legs are designed to adapt to a wide range of seafloor conditions. SADL also features a unique front-entry and bottom-exit design to reduce the internal build-up of foreign objects during long-term deployment. The feasibility and performance of the proposed SADL prototype were evaluated with a remotely operable vehicle in both laboratory and ocean environments.
Using Tools from Optogenetics to Create Light-Responsive Biomaterials: LOVTRAP-PEG Hydrogels for Dynamic Peptide Immobilization

Hydrogel materials have become a versatile platform for in vitro cell culture due to their ability to simulate many aspects of native tissues. However, precise spatiotemporal presentation of peptides and other biomolecules has remained challenging. Here we report the use of light-sensing proteins (LSPs), more commonly used in optogenetics research, as light-activated reversible binding sites within synthetic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels. We used LOVTRAP, a two component LSP system consisting of LOV2, a protein domain that can cycle reversibly between "light" and "dark" conformations in response to blue light, and a z-affibody, Zdark (Zdk), that binds the dark state of LOV2, to spatiotemporally control the presentation of a recombinant protein within PEG hydrogels. By immobilizing LOV2 within PEG gels, we were able to capture a recombinant fluorescent protein (used as a model biomolecule) containing a Zdk domain, and then release the Zdk fusion protein using blue light. Zdk was removed from LOV2-containing PEG gels using focused blue light, resulting in a 30% reduction of fluorescence compared to unexposed regions of the gel. Additionally, the reversible binding capability of LOVTRAP was observed in our system, enabling our LOV2 gels to capture and release Zdk at least three times. By adding a Zdk domain to a recombinant peptide or protein, dynamic, spatially constrained displays of non-diffusing ligands within a PEG gel could feasibly be achieved using LOV2.
Efficient computational search for lanthanide-binding additive dopants for advanced U-Zr based fuels

Abstract A rational design strategy combining theory and experiment is highly desirable for the development of U-Zr based fuels that are resistant to lanthanide-induced fuel-cladding chemical interaction (FCCI). We performed rapid computational screening of FCCI-mitigating (via strong lanthanide-binding) elements across the periodic table by utilizing three simple criteria and density functional theory (DFT) calculated total energies of relevant elements and compounds retrieved from high-throughput DFT databases. In addition to successfully identifying previously demonstrated additives, our search leads to the discovery of Bi as a highly effective element among all 68 elements screened, and its effectiveness was experimentally confirmed in this study.
Towards a relational understanding of child poverty: Care and adverse inclusion among street-affiliated children in Peru

Abstract In this article, I draw on insights from relational poverty scholars to show how uneven power to shape representations of child poverty, alongside ongoing political, economic and social relationships, is key to understanding the (re)production of children's poverty in Peru. Representations of child poverty have consequences for children's wellbeing, particular services young people can access, and understandings of the deservingness of particular children (and their families). Young people's contestations of the meaning and categories of poverty reveal limitations of normative poverty discourses about the relationship between children's labor, the streets and poverty. At the same time, young people also internalize and uphold some of the subtler ways in which poverty is (re)produced. Listening to young people's accounts of their own poverty challenge conceptualizations of child poverty as a bounded problem of individuals or whole countries, and instead recognizes the role specific caring relationships can play in challenging, producing and maintaining poverty. A relational analysis of child poverty offers theoretical and practical insights into the (re)production of poverty, and works to unsettle some of the uneven ways in which poverty knowledge is produced. The research is based on 14 months of interviews, informal conversations, engaging in drawing and games, and participatory observation with street-affiliated children in Lima Peru in 2009 and 2010, as well as follow-up research in 2011 and 2014.
Meta-analysis of vaccine protective efficacy of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine

Objective To evaluate vaccine protective efficacy(VE) of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib).Methods The studies of VE for Hlib were included by searching National Center for Biotechnology Information and Cochrane Library,and meta-analysis was made by RevMan5.1.Results A total of 7 studies were included,all of which were random clinical trial.The VE of Hib against invasive Hib disease(Hib-D) was 88 ％ (95 ％ CI:80％-93 ％).The VE of Hib against Hib Meningitis(Hib-M) was 84％(95％ CI:74％-93％).Conchusions Hib inoculation can gain a good protection against Hib-D and Hib-M,and also can reduce the incidence rate of relative diseases. Key words: Vaccines; Haemophilus influenzae type b; Vaccine protective efficacy; Meta-analysis
Cholinergic relay from punishment- to reward-encoding dopamine neurons signals punishment withdrawal as reward in Drosophila

Animals form and update learned associations between neutral cues and aversive outcomes to predict and avoid danger in changing environments. When a cue later occurs without punishment, this unexpected withdrawal of aversive outcome is encoded as reward, via activation of dopaminergic neurons. Using in vivo functional imaging, optogenetics, behavioral analysis, and electron-microscopy, we identify the neural mechanism through which Drosophila reward-encoding dopaminergic neurons are activated when an olfactory cue is unexpectedly no longer paired with electric shock. Reduced activation of punishment-encoding dopaminergic neurons relieves depression of synaptic inputs to cholinergic neurons, which in turn synaptically increase odor responses of reward-encoding dopaminergic neurons to decrease odor avoidance. These studies reveal for the first time how an indirect excitatory cholinergic synaptic relay from punishment- to reward-encoding dopaminergic neurons encodes the absence of a negative as a positive, revealing a general circuit motif for unlearning aversive memories that could be present in mammals.