cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A case report: Concurrent chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and T‐cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia‐type clonal proliferation as detected by multiparametric flow cytometry

Background: Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a subtype of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm. Although several studies have reported concurrent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL), coexistence of CMML and T-LGL has not been characterized. We describe here a unique case of CMML plus an underlying T-LGL-type clonal proliferation in a patient with a long standing history of severe anemia and recent pancytopenia. Methods: Multiparametric immunophenotyping by flow cytometry was conducted using fresh peripheral blood collected in EDTA. In addition, morphologic evaluation of the peripheral blood smear and T-cell gene rearrangement studies by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed. Results: Flow cytometric analysis revealed abnormal monocytosis with multiple aberrancies including expression of cross-lineage markers CD2 and CD56, plus reduced expression of multiple antigens. In addition, abnormal CD8+ T-cells were identified, demonstrating dim expression of CD5 and dim to complete loss of CD7. In correlation with clinical history and morphologic review, a diagnosis of CMML plus underlying abnormal CD8+ T-cell lymphoproliferation was made. The clonality of these abnormal T-cells was confirmed by T-cell gene rearrangement studies. Conclusions: We have identified a unique case of CMML in association with subclinical T-LGL, neither of which, alone, could fully explain the clinicopathologic features identified. Our findings suggest that the coexistence of these two entities may not be coincidental, and it is likely that they may share a common pathogenic pathway related to immune-dysregulation. © 2010 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Use of the immobility reflex (“animal hypnosis”) in neuropharmacological studies

Abstract The immobility reflex (IR), a reversible, involuntary, immobility response in certain species is advocated as a uniquely useful assay system for testing of psychoactive drugs. One of the two potential areas of application is that measures of IR duration or arousal threshold serve to screen drugs to help establish drug classification, relative potency, and degree of extrapyramidal side effects. Drugs can also be tested for their neural target sites and modes of action by recording electrographic responses in various brain areas during IR. Electrographic activity (EEG, averaged evoked responses, multiple-unit activity) is relatively stable, artifact-free, and less influenced by behavioral feedback and other variables that are problems with alternative experimental preparations. The reversibility of the IR offers the advantages of chronic studies (evaluation of long-term effects, replication of results, and dose-response testing in which each animal can serve as his own control). Results from both areas of application would ultimately need cross- checking by other methods to rule out interactions of IR and the independent variables being tested. Further possible interactions in long-term studies include potential interactions between the degree of tolerance developed to repeated IR trials and to repeated drug administration.
The low-carbohydrate diet and cardiovascular risk factors: Evidence from epidemiologic studies

Aims Obesity is an important public health issue because of its high prevalence and concomitant increase in risk of cardiovascular diseases. Low carbohydrate diets are popular for weight loss and weight management but are not recommended in leading guidelines due to the perception that increases in dietary fat intake may lead to an adverse cardiovascular risk profile. To clarify the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss on cardiovascular disease risk factors as compared to a low fat diet for weight loss, we systematically reviewed data from randomized controlled clinical trials and large observational studies.
Off-pump coronary surgery: Effect on early mortality and stroke

Abstract Background: Avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass in coronary artery bypass grafting is thought to reduce early mortality and morbidity. Methods: We used our prospective database to compare all patients having off-pump coronary surgery (n = 389) with those having on-pump coronary surgery (n = 2412) between March 15, 1995, and November 1, 2000. Patients were grouped by age (years) in decades (>90, 80-89, 70-79, 60-69, Results: Patients undergoing off-pump operations were older (70.9 ± 12 vs 68.1 ± 11 years; P P P P P =.83) or stroke (odds ratio, 1.59; P =.27). Conclusion: Off-pump coronary bypass did not reduce early mortality and morbidity. Early and late results should be compared in a prospective randomized study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2002;124:313-20
Obstructive sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects millions of Americans and is estimated to be as prevalent as asthma and diabetes. Given the fact that obesity is a major risk factor for OSA, and given the current global rise in obesity, the prevalence of OSA will increase in the future. Individuals with sleep apnea are often unaware of their sleep disorder. It is usually first recognized as a problem by family members who witness the apneic episodes or is suspected by their primary care doctor because of the individual's risk factors and symptoms. The vast majority remain undiagnosed and untreated, despite the fact that this serious disorder can have significant consequences. Individuals with untreated OSA can stop breathing hundreds of times a night during their sleep. These apneic events can lead to fragmented sleep that is of poor quality, as the brain arouses briefly in order for the body to resume breathing. Untreated, sleep apnea can have dire health consequences and can increase the risk of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and heart failure. OSA management has also become important in a number of comorbid neurological conditions, including epilepsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and headache. Diagnosis typically involves use of screening questionnaires, physical exam, and an overnight polysomnography or a portable home study. Treatment options include changes in lifestyle, positive airway pressure, surgery, and dental appliances.
Biometric Recognition Using 3D Ear Shape

Previous works have shown that the ear is a promising candidate for biometric identification. However, in prior work, the preprocessing of ear images has had manual steps and algorithms have not necessarily handled problems caused by hair and earrings. We present a complete system for ear biometrics, including automated segmentation of the ear in a profile view image and 3D shape matching for recognition. We evaluated this system with the largest experimental study to date in ear biometrics, achieving a rank-one recognition rate of 97.8 percent for an identification scenario and an equal error rate of 1.2 percent for a verification scenario on a database of 415 subjects and 1,386 total probes.
Primary care clinicians' perceptions about antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis: a qualitative study.

Clinicians prescribe antibiotics to over 65% of adults with acute bronchitis despite guidelines stating that antibiotics are not indicated. To identify and understand primary care clinician perceptions about antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 primary care clinicians in Boston, Massachusetts and used thematic content analysis. All the participants agreed with guidelines that antibiotics are not indicated for acute bronchitis and felt that clinicians other than themselves were responsible for overprescribing. Barriers to guideline adherence included 6 themes: (1) perceived patient demand, which was the main barrier, although some clinicians perceived a recent decrease; (2) lack of accountability for antibiotic prescribing; (3) saving time and money; (4) other clinicians’ misconceptions about acute bronchitis; (5) diagnostic uncertainty; and (6) clinician dissatisfaction in failing to meet patient expectations. Strategies to decrease inappropriate antibiotic prescribing included 5 themes: (1) patient educational materials; (2) quality reporting; (3) clinical decision support; (4) use of an over-the-counter prescription pad; and (5) pre-visit triage and education by nurses to prevent visits. Clinicians continued to cite patient demand as the main reason for antibiotic prescribing for acute bronchitis, though some clinicians perceived a recent decrease. Clinicians felt that other clinicians were responsible for inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and that better pre-visit triage by nurses could prevent visits and change patients’ expectations.
Radiation-induced DNA damage and repair in quiescent and proliferating human tumor cells in vitro.

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to examine radiation-induced DNA strand breakage and repair in quiescent and proliferating human tumor cells in vitro and determine their relationship to radiation sensitivity and potentially lethal damage repair (PLDR). Using centrifugal elutriation we have isolated from fed plateau-phase cultures of HEp-3 human squamous carcinoma cells, relatively pure populations of quiescent and proliferating cells. This was confirmed by both [3H]-thymidine labelling and acridine orange (AO) staining with flow cytometry. Quiescent cells were more sensitive to ionizing radiation (D0 = 0·97 Gy) than were proliferating cells (D0 = 1·28 Gy). However, quiescent cells showed higher repair of potentially lethal damage (PLDR) than did proliferating cells. Repair of single-strand breaks (ssb) and double-strand breaks (dsb) as measured by filter elution did not differ significantly between quiescent and proliferating cells. For both populations, ssb and dsb repair kinetics and final damage r...
Two Abundant Bioaccumulated Halogenated Compounds Are Natural Products

Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) have been found bioaccumulated in the tissues of a variety of aquatic animals and at concentrations comparable to those of anthropogenic halogenated organic compounds, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The origin of the MeO-PBDEs has been uncertain; circumstantial evidence supports a natural and/or an industrial source. By analyzing the natural abundance radiocarbon content of two MeO-PBDEs isolated from a True's beaked whale (Mesoplodon mirus), we show that these compounds were naturally produced.
Combined numerical and experimental investigation on the effect of jet pressure and forming belt geometry on the hydroentanglement process

Hydroentanglement is a mechanical bonding process utilised to produce nonwoven fabrics. A web of loose fibres is put on a forming belt or perforated screen to form an integrated fabric with desired aesthetics by subjecting the web to multiple rows of fine high-pressure water jets. Mechanical performance of hydroentangled nonwovens is determined by the degree of the fibre entanglement, which depends on process parameters. This study presents the results of combined experimental and numerical investigation on the effects of the jet pressure and forming belt geometry on fibre entanglement. Extensive comparisons of simulations with experimental data are reported and analysed to give a clear understanding of the effect of fibreweb and forming belt properties on the critical jet pressure. The modelling results are in good correlation with experimental data for a wide range of jet pressures. The effect of the jet count per unit length on the degree of fibre entanglement is also investigated.
The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome—How Worried Should We Be?

Ten years after the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic, a second coronavirus, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), has been identified as the cause of a highly lethal pneumonia in patients in the Middle East and in travelers from this region. Over the past 9 months, since the virus was first isolated, much has been learned about the biology of the virus. It is now clear that MERS-CoV is transmissible from person to person, and its close relationship with several bat coronaviruses suggests that these animals may be the ultimate source of the infection. However, many key issues need to be addressed, including identification of the proximate, presumably zoonotic, source of the infection, the prevalence of the infection in human populations, details regarding clinical and pathological features of the human infection, the establishment of a small rodent model for the infection, and the virological and immune basis for the severe disease observed in most patients. Most importantly, we do not know whether a MERS-CoV epidemic is likely or not. Infection with the virus has so far resulted in only 91 cases and 46 deaths (as of 29 July 2013), but it is nonetheless setting off alarm bells among public health officials, including Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization, who called MERS-CoV "a threat to the entire world." This article reviews some of the progress that has been made and discusses some of the questions that need to be answered.
Role of sperm chromatin abnormalities and DNA damage in male infertility

Abstract Sperm DNA integrity is essential for the accurate transmission of genetic information. It has a highly compact and complex structure and is capable of decondensation-features that must be present in order for a spermatozoon to be considered fertile. Any form of sperm chromatin abnormalities or DNA damage may result in male infertility. In support of this conclusion, it was reported that in-vivo fecundity decreases progressively when > 30% of the spermatozoa are identified as having DNA damage. Several methods are used to assess sperm chromatin/DNA, which is considered an independent measure of sperm quality that may yield better diagnostic and prognostic approaches than standard sperm parameters (concentration, motility and morphology). The clinical significance of this assessment lies in its association not only with natural conception rates, but also with assisted reproduction success rates. Also, it has a serious impact on the offspring and is highly prognostic in the assessment of fertility in cancer patients. Therefore, screening for sperm DNA damage may provide useful information in cases of male idiopathic infertility and in those men pursuing assisted reproduction. Treatment should include methods for prevention of sperm DNA damage.
A Review of “Genre and genre-based second language writing instruction”

Genre and second language writing, by K. Hyland, Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan Press, 2004, xv + 244pp., US$22.00 (paperback), ISBN 0-472-03014-0 Second language writing, by K. Hyland, New ...
Collaboration across disciplines for sustainability: green chemistry as an emerging multistakeholder community.

Sustainable solutions to our nation’s material and energy needs must consider environmental, health, and social impacts while developing new technologies. Building a framework to support interdisci...
Investigation of sp2–sp Coupling for Electron-Enriched Aryl Dihalides under Oxygen-Free Sonogashira Coupling Reaction Conditions Using a Two-Chamber Reaction System

Triethylamine hydroiodide crystals were formed during Sonogashira reactions; after complete reaction the solution retains a characteristic light color (see picture). Very sluggish Sonogashira reactions of electron-enriched aryl diiodides have been carried out in high yield in an oxygen-free, two-chamber reaction system. The formation of triethylamine hydroiodide crystals was monitored to determine the completion of reaction.
Ultra-wide bandwidth, multi-derivative radar systems

The potential applicability of multiderivative, localized wave (LW) arrays to radar and to other remote sensing systems is analyzed. The analysis includes the effects of having a target within the extended near-field region of an LW array. In particular, an electrically short (nonresonant) dipole transmitter-receiver system is chosen to illustrate the results because it is one of the simplest examples of a system whose output signals are related to the input driving functions by several time derivatives. Because of the different time derivatives involved, different portions of the frequency spectra of those signals will control the associated beam characteristics. Thus, a set of ultrawide bandwidth signals and an electromagnetic transmitter-receiver system can be designed to realize enhancements of a particular beam parameter. The LW solutions simply provide immediate access to this situation. The transmitter/receiver system configuration then becomes extremely important if enhanced performance is desired, and it must be tailored to the particular beam parameter of interest. Preliminary comparisons between an LW pulse driven array system and the corresponding conventional continuous wave system illustrate these results. >
Interference Strength Alignment and Uplink Channel Allocation in Linear Cellular Networks

We find the uplink channel allocation that maximizes the total throughput in linear (one-dimensional) cellular systems, under arbitrary fairness constraints defined by resource distribution functions. We exploit a revenue-cost separation principle in this multi-cell interference channel problem, and equivalently transform maximizing the total throughput into minimizing the total interference cost of all cells. The key idea in obtaining the optimal channel allocation is the alignment of interference signal strengths. We show that with very low complexity, a complete optimal channel allocation can be constructed by rippling along all the cells the proposed interference strength alignment procedure. From analyzing the consequence of the interference strength alignment, the superiority of the optimal channel allocation over CDMA is justified. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the performance gap between these two schemes.
Adaptive neighbor management for cooperative P2P video-on-demand streaming

P2P content distribution is attractive to offload servers for large scale streaming multicast. The effectiveness of content distribution depends on the willingness of peers to contribute their resources (bandwidth and storage space) for this purpose. Achieving peer cooperation, however, is infeasible without a rational incentive. In particular, P2P Video-on-Demand (VoD) design faces additional challenges for cooperation: (i) designing an effective scheme for cooperation between peers with asymmetric interests, and (ii) guaranteeing streaming quality of service (QoS) under stringent time constraints. In this paper, we present CoVoD, a novel cooperative P2P VoD streaming approach, to tackle these challenges. It achieves cooperation through adaptive neighbor management, based on referrals among peers with asymmetric interests. Experimental results demonstrate that CoVoD improves service quality over alternatives, and strongly penalizes freeriders (peers who do not contribute resources).
Preserved Energy Balance in Mice Lacking FoxO1 in Neurons of Nkx2.1 Lineage Reveals Functional Heterogeneity of FoxO1 Signaling Within the Hypothalamus

Transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) regulates energy expenditure (EE), food intake, and hepatic glucose production. These activities have been mapped to specific hypothalamic neuronal populations using cell type–specific knockout experiments in mice. To parse out the integrated output of FoxO1-dependent transcription from different neuronal populations and multiple hypothalamic regions, we used transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase from the Nkx2.1 promoter to ablate loxP-flanked Foxo1 alleles from a majority of hypothalamic neurons (Foxo1KONkx2.1 mice). This strategy resulted in the expected inhibition of FoxO1 expression, but only produced a transient reduction of body weight as well as a decreased body length. The transient decrease of body weight in male mice was accompanied by decreased fat mass. Male Foxo1KONkx2.1 mice show food intake similar to that in wild-type controls, and, although female knockout mice eat less, they do so in proportion to a reduced body size. EE is unaffected in Foxo1KONkx2.1 mice, although small increases in body temperature are present. Unlike other neuron-specific Foxo1 knockout mice, Foxo1KONkx2.1 mice are not protected from diet-induced obesity. These studies indicate that, unlike the metabolic effects of highly restricted neuronal subsets (proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide, and steroidogenic factor 1), those of neurons derived from the Nkx2.1 lineage either occur in a FoxO1-independent fashion or are compensated for through developmental plasticity.
Dependence of Wall Stress in the Human Thoracic Aorta on Age and Pressure

The tangential wall stress and the tangential elasticity modulus at pressures from 0 to 200 mm Hg were calculated from pressure-volume diagrams of 27 human thoracic aortas aged 22 to 85 years. The relative volume increase of the aortas between 0 and 100 mm Hg decreased linearly from about 190% at age 20 to about 40% at age 85, whereas the elasticity modulus at 100 mm Hg increased linearly from 10 kg/cm 2 at age 20 to 42.5 kg/cm 2 at age 85. The decrease of the distensibility of the aortic wall with age was partly compensated by an increase of the internal volume of the aorta but at higher ages the distensibility was less than the theoretical values necessary for a proper buffering chamber activity. The tangential wall stress decreased linearly with age from about 2.5 kg/cm 2 at age 20 to about 1.2 kg/cm 2 at age 85. Since the pressoreceptors in the wall of the elastic vessels respond to the wall stress, this result means either that smooth muscles must increase the stress of the elastic fibers continuously, or the pressoreceptors must adapt their sensitivity throughout life to lower wall stress so that it will be kept constant. Weakness of the smooth muscles or a failure of the pressoreceptors to adapt themselves to lower stresses at higher ages may be the cause of essential hypertension.
Implications of naturalness for the heavy Higgs bosons of supersymmetry

Recently, it has been argued that various measures of supersymmetric naturalness---electroweak, Higgs mass and EENZ/BG---when applied consistently, concur with one another and make very specific predictions for natural supersymmetric spectra. Highly natural spectra are characterized by light Higgsinos with mass not too far from ${m}_{h}$ and well-mixed but TeV-scale third generation squarks. We apply the unified naturalness measure to the case of heavy Higgs bosons $A$, $H$ and ${H}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$. We find that their masses are bounded from above by naturalness depending on $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}$: e.g. for 10% fine-tuning and $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\sim}10$, we expect ${m}_{A}\ensuremath{\lesssim}2.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ whilst for 3% fine-tuning and $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}$ as high as 50, then ${m}_{A}\ensuremath{\lesssim}8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$. Furthermore, the presence of light Higgsinos seriously alters the heavy Higgs boson branching ratios, thus diminishing prospects for usual searches into standard model final states, while new discovery possibilities arise due to the supersymmetric decay modes. The heavy supersymmetric decay modes tend to be $H,A,{H}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}W,Z$, or $h+{\overline{)E}}_{T}+\text{soft tracks}$ so that single heavy Higgs production is characterized by the presence of high ${p}_{T}$ $W$, $Z$ or $h$ bosons plus missing ${E}_{T}$. These new heavy Higgs boson signatures seem to be challenging to extract from SM backgrounds.
Galton, Sir Francis (1822–1911)

Sir Francis Galton (February 16, 1822–January 17, 1911) was among the preeminent psychologists of the nineteenth century. Born to a wealthy English family, he was able to devote his life to a variety of scientific inquiries. Although best known to psychologists for his pioneering work on the correlation coefficient and the study of individual differences in intellectual ability, he also did fundamental research on behavior genetics, meteorology, and the use of fingerprints for identification. Keywords: behavioral genetics; genetics; individual differences; intelligence; correlation; evolution; regression
Biomass recalcitrance: a multi-scale, multi-factor, and conversion-specific property

Recalcitrance of plant biomass to enzymatic hydrolysis for biofuel production is thought to be a property conferred by lignin or lignin–carbohydrate complexes. However, chemical catalytic and thermochemical conversion pathways, either alone or in combination with biochemical and fermentative pathways, now provide avenues to utilize lignin and to expand the product range beyond ethanol or butanol. To capture all of the carbon in renewable biomass, both ligninderived aromatics and polysaccharide-derived sugars need to be transformed by catalysts to liquid hydrocarbons and high-value co-products. We offer a new definition of recalcitrance as those features of biomass which disproportion ately increase energy requirements in conversion processes, increase the cost and complexity of operations in the biorefinery, and/or reduce the recovery of biomass carbon into desired products. The application of novel processing technologies applied to biomass reveal new determinants of recalcitrance that comprise a broad range of molecular, nanoscale, and macroscale factors. Sampling natural genetic diversity within a species, transgenic approaches, and synthetic biology approaches are all strategies that can be used to select biomass for reduced recalcitrance in various pretreatments and conversion pathways.
(Z)-Methyl 4-({3-[(2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl-idene)meth-yl]-1H-indol-1-yl}meth-yl)benzoate.

In the title compound, C21H17N3O4, pairs of mol­ecules form a planar[maximum deviation 0.0566 (9) A] centrosymmetric imidazole dimer via two N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. These dimeric units are linked by further N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the ester carbonyl group and the imidazolidine ring, formiing chains parallel to the c-axis direction. In addition, there are π–π stacking inter­actions between the planar imidazole pairs, with an inter­planar spacing of 3.301 (2) A. There is a double bond with Z geometry connecting the imidazolidine and indole units.
“The Day in Its Color”: Charles and Jean Cushman

Their names are Charles and Jean Cushman. The place is the Hotel Wofford in Miami Beach, Florida; the date, sometime in March 1939. The Cushmans have traveled here from Chicago, Illinois, in a maroon Ford Deluxe sedan, which they will soon drive north to visit her parents in their red-brick townhouse in Washington, D.C. We know the color of the car and the house, as we know the details of their itinerary, because of what he keeps beside him on the front seat as they drive: a new Contax IIA 35-mm camera, some canisters of Kodachrome color film, and a small spiral-bound notebook filled with handwritten annotations of every picture that he has shot. From shortly before the time of this picture until 1969, this amateur photographer and sometime financial analyst, accompanied by his wife, drove roughly a half-million miles across the nation. He wore out three automobiles and produced fourteen thousand color transparencies along the way?pictures with no apparent intended audience beyond that small circle of friends and relatives whom one might dare invite to a Saturday-night home slide show. Among those pictures are a small number of portraits?including a very few, such as this one, for which the photographer used a tripod and timer to reveal himself to the camera.1
The Noise From Separated Flow

This paper will consider a simple two dimensional model of the separated flow downstream of a corner and model the pressure fluctuations on the surface, the unsteady loadings, and the sound radiation. The flow is modeled by a separation bubble that periodically sheds vorticity. The characteristics of unsteady surface pressure are well predicted and found to be proportional to the square of the circulation in the shed vorticity. The linear interaction of the mean flow with the shed vorticity has a second order effect on the surface pressure and this interaction can be ignored at large distances downstream from the separation bubble. The calculated surface pressure spectrum was compared to measurements and excellent agreement was found by matching three modeling parameters to the data: the convection velocity, the mean height of the shed vorticity above the surface, and a coefficient that describes the probability function of the height of the shed vortex above the surface. It is also shown that, regardless of the details of the flow, the unsteady loading on each surface of the corner is the same and this controls the directionality of the far field sound. Comparisons are made with measured far field sound spectra with excellent agreement. The role of the shed vorticity on the unsteady loading is also investigated and it is concluded that it has a second order effect. The primary source of the unsteady loading is determined by the unsteady growth and motion of the separation bubble which will depend on its interaction with the corner and the application of the Kutta condition.
Analysis of fibrinolytic states on hypertensive patients with insulin resistance before thrombosis

Objective To study the index changing on thrombolytic function of serum of hypertensives with insulin resistance.Methods To determine P-selectin(Ps),tissue plasminogen activator(tPA),plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI) and von willebrand factor(vWF) for 164 hypertensives with insulin resistance compared with 130 normotensives and 156 hypertensive with natural insulin.Results Ps,PAI and vWF of hypertensives with insulin resistance and hypertensives with natural insulin were higher than those of normotensives,tPA was lower,Ps was respectively(39.55±12.64) pg/L,(32.59±12.57) pg/L vs(23.78±10.38) pg/L(P0.01);PAI was(1 580±650) U/L,(830±390) U/L vs(650±360) U/L respectively(P0.05 or 0.01);vWF was(197.4±51.5)%,(129.9±34.4)% vs(96.7±32.9) % respectively(both P0.01);tPA was(0.32±0.36) μg/L,(0.65±0.43) μg/L vs(0.97±0.41) μg/L respectively(both P0.01).Conclusion Fibrinolytic function of hypertensives with insulin resistance has been injured,which shows hyperfibrinolysis,and its injury is severer than hypertensives with natural insulin.
Galvanic Corrosion-Induced Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation Behavior in AA7050-T7451

Electrochemical experiments were used to create morphologies representative of galvanically-induced corrosion between aluminum alloy (AA) 7050-T7451 (UNS A97050) and Type 316 steel (UNS S31600) in a fastener configuration. The effects of these corrosion damage morphologies on the fatigue behavior were investigated. Results showed that severe macroscale metrics considered for discrete pits and general corrosion with surface recession do not correlate with the location of fatigue crack initiation. However, for intergranular corrosion, the plane that had higher number of fissure and higher total fissure depth tended to correlate to the location of fatigue crack formation.
Endovascular Approaches to Orbital Vascular Lesions and Carotid Cavernous Sinus Fistulas

High-flow vascular lesions of the orbit have a long history of open surgical treatment. In more recent times, endovascular approaches have overtaken open surgical approaches for many of these lesions due to decreased complication rates and the minimally invasive nature of catheter-based therapy.
Signal integrity performance degradation due to temperature variation in systems with re-drivers

Re-drivers are widely used in extending the solution space in high speed applications. However, recent lab data shows that the ambient temperature variation can lead to ∼40mV degradation of the eye height at the receiver side on single re-driver system. In this paper, the authors will share key learnings of thermal impact on systems with both single re-driver and cascaded re-drivers. From these cases, the eye height is greatly reduced when temperature increases. This variation is due to resistance shifting of the output buffer, while most re-driver models do not account for it. An effective approach is applied to fine tune the equalization settings in the cascaded re-driver system. The learnings, together with the proposed approach, can help designers to design a robust, high performance, and cost-effective high speed link with re-drivers such as SAS-3, SATA-3, PCIe and USB, etc.
Analyzing negative feedback using a synthetic gene network expressed in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo

Background A complex network of gene interactions controls gene regulation throughout development and the life of the organisms. Insights can be made into these processes by studying the functional interactions (or “motifs”) which make up these networks.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) Membranes for Kr/Xe Separation

Herein, we demonstrate that a prototypical type of metal organic framework, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), in membrane form, can effectively separate Kr/Xe gas mixtures at industrially relevant compositions. The best membranes separated Kr/Xe mixtures with average Kr permeances as high as 1.5 × 10–8 ± 0.2 mol/m2 s Pa and average separation selectivities of 14.2 ± 1.9 for molar feed compositions corresponding to Kr/Xe ratio encountered typically in air. Molecular sieving, competitive adsorption, and differences in diffusivities were identified as the prevailing separation mechanisms. These membranes potentially represent a less-energy-intensive alternative to cryogenic distillation, which is the benchmark technology used to separate this challenging gas mixture. To our best knowledge, this is the first example of any metal organic membrane composition displaying separation ability for Kr/Xe gas mixtures.
Association of Time‐Varying Clearance of Nivolumab With Disease Dynamics and Its Implications on Exposure Response Analysis

Nivolumab is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction between PD-1 programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. Nivolumab demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials for various types of cancer. A time-varying clearance was identified for nivolumab. We show that the change of clearance over time is associated with the post-treatment effects: clearance decreases when disease status improves. This interaction between posttreatment effects and drug exposure may lead to a biased steep estimate of the exposure-response (E-R) relationship for efficacy. Under this scenario, simulations were performed to develop a proposed methodology to assess the causal effect of drug exposure upon clinical response. Data from nivolumab trials were subsequently used to verify the proposed methodology for E-R analysis. The results showed that E-R analysis results based on pharmacokinetic (PK) metrics derived from the first dose are more consistent with the true E-R or dose-response relationship than the steady-state PK metrics.
The Role of Inner-Core Moisture in Tropical Cyclone Predictability and Practical Forecast Skill

AbstractErrors in tropical cyclone intensity forecasts are dominated by initial-condition errors out to at least a few days. Initialization errors are usually thought of in terms of position and intensity, but here it is shown that growth of intensity error is at least as sensitive to the specification of inner-core moisture as to that of the wind field. Implications of this finding for tropical cyclone observational strategies and for overall predictability of storm intensity are discussed.
Evaluation of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residents' Operative Skills: Feasibility and Engagement Study Using SIMPL Software for a Mobile Phone.

Purpose There are no universally accepted tools to evaluate operative skills of surgical residents in a timely fashion. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using a smartphone application, SIMPL (System for Improving and Measuring Procedural Learning), developed by a multi-institutional research collaborative, to achieve a high rate of timely operative evaluations and resident communication and to collect performance data. The authors hypothesized that these goals would be achieved because the process is convenient and efficient. Materials and Methods This was a prospective feasibility and engagement study using SIMPL to evaluate residents' operative skills. SIMPL requires the attending surgeon to answer 3 multiple-choice questions: 1) What level of help (Zwisch Scale) was required by the trainee? 2) What was the level of performance? 3) How complex was the case? The evaluator also can dictate a narrative. The sample was composed of 3 faculty members and 3 volunteer senior residents. Predictor variables were the surgeons, trainees, and procedures performed. Outcome variables included number and percentage of procedures performed by faculty-and-resident pairs assessed, time required to complete assessments, time lapsed to submission, percentage of assessments with narratives, and residents' response rates. Results From March through June 2016, 151 procedures were performed in the operating room by the faculty-and-resident teams. There were 107 assessments submitted (71%). Resident response (self-assessment) to faculty evaluations was 81%. Recorded time to complete assessments (n = 75 of 107) was shorter than 2 minutes. The time lapsed to submission was shorter than 72 hours (100%). Dictations were submitted for 35 evaluations (33%). Data for the type of help, performance, and complexity of cases were collected for each resident. Conclusions SIMPL facilitates timely intraoperative evaluations of surgical skills, engagement by faculty and residents, and collection of detailed procedural data. Additional prospective trials to assess this tool further are planned.
Search and Research for the Lost Agenda

Will the National Art Education Association's Agenda for Research into the 21st Century be enough to overcome four flaws in our field's research? Investigations have been hobbled when four characteristics of 20th century art education have been moved from the studio and imposed upon empirical research. Those features are: 1) Art is personal expression; 2) Originality is more important than excellence; 3) Form is more important than meaning; and 4) Art speaks for itself. When art education investigators bring these artistic characteristics to an unartistic enterprise, much of what has been produced has had little effect on the field. The Agenda is a plan of attack on omissions in our research. It is neither a bridge over deficiencies nor a scaffold for rising above the parapets of dull reporting. The author proposes steps to improve the preparation of beginning researchers and make all art education research more relevant, accessible, and powerful.
The Status of the Strategic Task Overload Model (STOM) for Predicting Multi-Task Management:

A model for task switching which focuses on the decision making of operators in overloaded multitask conditions is reviewed and new research presented. The STOM model is an ongoing effort and as su...
Against Inflationary Views of Ethics Expertise.

Abram Brummett and Christopher Ostertag offer critiques of my argument that clinical ethics consultants have expertise but are not “ethics experts” (Brummett and Ostertag 2018). My argument begins within our less-than-ideal world and asks what a justification of a clinical ethics consultation recommendation might look like under those conditions. It is a challenge to what could be called an “inflationary” position on ethics expertise that requires agreement on or rational proof of metaethical facts about the values at stake in clinical ethics consultation. Brummett and Ostertag critique three distinct steps in the argument. Two of those I have a brief answer for, and an assessment of the third demonstrates that Brummett and Ostertag do not consider the premise upon which I based my account. Instead, they assert a counter-premise without argument, which at best results in a stalemate between our two accounts. However, the reasons supporting my premise still seem to me to be stronger, so I am in the end unconvinced by their critiques.
Relative Motion of Pairs of Molecules in Dense Fluids

The application of cumulant theory to formulate expressions for time-correlation functions of pairs of molecules with translational and orientational degrees of freedom is discussed. As an illustration of the approach, new expressions are derived for the generalized time and distance dependent Kirkwood g-factors. It is shown that mutual angular velocity correlations play an important role in determining these g-factors. These results are compared with the expressions obtained previously for the g-factors by Kivelson, et al.
Actin bundles in neuronal growth cone observed with the Pol-Scope.

The neuronal growth cone appears at the tip of dendrites and axons where it plays an important role in the navigation of dendritic and axonal growth. Growth cones are rich in actin fibers, which are presumably involved in growth cone move- ment. Careful observations of labeled actin filaments with a fluorescent microscope or of native actin bundles with a video- enhanced differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope have revealed important aspects of actin-related dynamics, such as retrograde flow (1) treadmilling of actin (2), and the involve- ment of myosin V in filopodial elongation (3). But the molecular mechanisms of growth cone movement are still in debate, be- cause actin bundles in living cells are difficult to visualize. New methodologies are needed for understanding the mechanisms of growth cone movement. Therefore, we observed actin bun- dles in living growth cones with the Pol-Scope (4). In contrast to the traditional polarized light microscope, the Pol-Scope reveals birefringent components independent of their orientation, and measures their retardance with high sensitivity and resolution over the whole held of view (4). In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of observing unlabeled actin bundles in living growth cones using the Pol-Scope and compare PollScope im- age with DIC image. Bag cell neurons, from the abdominal ganglion of the marine opisthobranch mollusc,
Studying quasar absorber host galaxy properties using image stacking technique

Studying the stellar mass, age, luminosity, star-formation rate, and impact parameter of quasar absorber host galaxies can aid in the understanding of galaxy formation and evolution as well as in testing their models. We derive the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) and impact parameter limits of low redshift ($z_{abs} = 0.37 - 0.55$) Mg II absorbers and of higher redshift ($z_{abs} = 1.0 - 2.5$) 2175 \AA\ dust absorbers (2DAs). We use an imaging stacking technique to statistically boost the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to increase detection of the absorber host galaxies. The point spread function of the background quasar is modeled with Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This method efficiently reduces the uncertainty of traditional PSF modeling. Our SED for Mg II absorbers indicates that low redshift Mg II absorber host galaxies are likely star-forming galaxies transitioning into red quiescent galaxies, with a low star formation rate of 2.2 $M_\odot$ $yr^{-1}$. From the stacked images and simulations, we show that the average impact parameter of 2DAs is > 5 times smaller than that of Mg II absorbers, at < 7 kpc instead of Mg II absorbers' 48 kpc, indicating that 2DAs are likely associated with disk components of high redshift galaxies. This means that 2DAs are likely good probes to study precursors to the Milky Way.
Systematic distribution of birefringent bodies in Rotifera and first evidence of their ultrastructure in Acyclus inquietus (Gnesiotrocha: Collothecaceae)

Small birefringent concretions have been reported in rotifers for over a century and often hypothesized as energy sources. Here, we provide an update on their distribution in superorder Gnesiotrocha and the first data on their ultrastructure. Within Gnesiotrocha, these birefringent bodies (BRB) are known from at least ten species of Collothecaceae and 14 species of Flosculariaceae, both of which include planktonic and sessile species. Among sessile species, the predator Acyclus inquietus contains a single BRB that has been described as starch-like. We examined larvae of A. inquietus with transmission electron microscopy and revealed the BRB to have an irregular, electron-dense margin that surrounds a speckled core. The core appears mostly amorphous, but contains numerous, very small electron-dense spots and thin electron-dense fibers; there is no evidence of any crystalline lattice. The intestinal lumen contains smaller concretions that are probably the result of BRB metabolism. The thin epithelium contains abundant electron-dense granules but relatively few organelles. We hypothesize that the BRB is a unique form of extracellular glycogen that functions as an energy source in larvae for their dispersal and metamorphosis. In adult A. inquietus, the BRB may provide energy permitting reproduction when prey are no longer available.
Seeing the future of histotechnology through its history

Earlier this summer, a nine-year-old boy showed me an illustrated picture of a cell in a book titled First Human Body Encyclopedia [1]. He asked several questions such as ‘Where did the first cell ...
Reaction force surface for the hydrogen transfer reaction in malonaldehyde: A classical wavefront-based formulation

This paper investigates the simulation of a modified Hamilton–Jacobi equation in order to provide a classical wavefront-based formulation of reaction dynamics. Here, the wavefront is interpreted as...
The Impact of Performance Management Under Environmental Turbulence

Performance management is an established concept in the public sector, with several empirical studies supporting its beneficial impact on organizational performance. Research on performance managem...
Sickle Cell Disease: Considerations for the Cerebrovascular Neurosurgeon

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy first described in 1915 by James Herrick characterized by anemia, vaso-occlusive crises, autosplenectomy, and susceptibility to infection. It is a result of a single transversion mutation (adenosine to thymine), wherein glutamic acid is replaced by valine at the sixth position in the beta globin subunit of hemoglobin (HbS) (Bunn, and Aster. Pathophysiology of blood disorders. McGraw-Hill Medical, New York, 2011). Non-affected hemoglobin is soluble within the intracellular milieu, allowing red blood cells to maintain their flexible structural integrity. Affected hemoglobin, however, will polymerize into an insoluble precipitate when exposed to certain stressors such as hypoxia or dehydration, resulting in a process of red blood cell morphologic change commonly referred to as “sickling.” Sickling can occur when erythrocytes pass through the capillaries, where oxygen saturation decreases, resulting in the alteration of the hemoglobin quaternary conformation, yielding the characteristic crescent morphology of affected RBCs (Bunn. N Engl J Med 337:762–769, 1997). In addition to this rigid structure of erythrocytes, studies indicate that sickled RBCs exhibit an affinity to vascular endothelium which promotes clot formation, ultimately ensuing vaso-occlusive crises (Kaul et al. J Clin Invest 96(6):2845–2853, 1995).