cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bromodeoxyuridine uptake in hydropic vacuolation and neoplasms in winter flounder liver

Abstract Winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) from Boston Harbor, Massachusett, undergo a progressive series of hepatic changes involving hydropic vacuolation of epithelial cells, biliary hyperplasia, and hepatocellular and cholangiocellular neoplasia. Severely affected fish often exhibit grossly visible lesions. To examine cell proliferation associated with these conditions, evidence for DNA synthesis was sought. Boston winter flounder livers were screened endoscopically to select fish with and without grossly visible hepatic lesions, and then injected intraperitoneally with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) 3 h before euthanasia. Incorporation of this nucleotide analog was visualized immunohistochemically in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Basal epithelia in the gill and intestine stained strongly, as did renal hemopoietic epithelia. In contrast, renal tubular epithelia and cardiomyocytes did not stain. Normal appearing hepatocytes stained occasionally, whilst more frequent staining was observed in vacuolated and neoplastic hepatic epithelia. We conclude (1) that the BrdU assay as described here has potentially widespread application to the study of cell proliferation in fish tissues; (2) that vacuolated cells may actively proliferate in winter flounder liver from Boston Harbor; and (3) vacuolated cells may be involved in the neoplastic transformation of hepatic epithelia.
EFFECTS OF IONIZED AIR AND OZONE ON PLANTS.

Plants grown in highly ionized air (1,100,000,000 ions to 21,000,000 per cc.) showed no significant changes in appearance or dry weight over controls, whether the treatment was applied continuously or intermittently with bright or with dim illumination. Ozone is toxic and produces necrotic spots with final desiccation of the leaf in concentration of 1 part in 1,000,000 to 1 to 8,000,000 of air. Lower concentrations of ozone, which are still easily detectable by odor, produce no stimulation of growth or other effects on the appearance of the plants. Higher concentrations, about 1 part in 100,000, produce prompt wilting and bleaching, the older leaves succumbing long before the younger upper ones. Ripening processes in tomato and banana are not accelerated by O/sub 3/. High concentrations produce spotting. These are much higher than concentrations required for spotting of leaves. 29 references, 5 figures, 2 tables.
Family stress and parent–infant interaction: The mediating role of coping

On a toujours demontre que le stress, que ce soit sous la forme de tracas quotidiens, de facteurs de stress chroniques ou d'evenements stressants, a un grand impact sur la qualite des relations parent-enfant. Le coping a ete defini comme representant toute strategie developpee par l'individu pour faire face a des situations ou a des evenements stressants. Dans la mesure ou les tracas quotidiens et les evenements de la vie evoquent des strategies pour faire face au stress, l'efficacite de telles strategies pourrait avoir un impact sur la qualite des relations familiales. Le but de cette etude fut d'examiner la relation entre le stress et les interactions parent-enfant, avec un interet particulier et direct sur le role mediateur du coping familial sur ce processus familial. Les participants etaient 105 paires mere-bebe a revenus bas qui etaient inscrits dans l'evaluation nationale du Early Head Start (le EHS etant un programme de prevention et d'aide gouvernementale a la petite enfance defavorisee aux Etats-Unis d'Amerique). Les resultats de l'etude ont revele que les meres ont plus tendance a faire preuve d'interactions positives avec leurs bebes quand les perceptions des facteurs de stress de la vie sont basses. De plus, bien que les meres qui font etat de moins de facteurs de stress utilisent plus de soutien de leurs amis et de leurs famille, les resultats n'ont pas indique qu'il existe un effet de mediation du coping sur les interactions mere-bebe.
The role of radiation therapy in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma

From 1965 to 1980, 35 patients were treated by radiation for palliation of symptoms related to metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The male:female ratio was 1.9:1. Eighty-six percent (30/35) of the patients were over 40 years of age at initial presentation. Sixty-three percent (22/35) of the patients showed symptoms of metastatic disease within three years of diagnosis of the primary malignancy. Sixty sites were irradiated in the 35 patients: 36 sites of metastatic bone pain, 14 obstructing and/or palpable masses, and ten sites treated for symptoms due to central nervous system (CNS) metastases. Efficacy of treatment was assessed at serial follow-up visits beginning one month after completion of radiotherapy. Bone pain responded at 77% of the treated sites. Mass effect responded in 64%. Disappointing results were obtained with CNS metastases. There was only a 30% response of brain and spinal cord lesions within the dose range that these patients were treated. No correlation between TDF equivalent dose of radiation administered and frequency of palliative response was found. In those sites where a response of bone pain to radiation was observed, 86% of the responses lasted the remainder of the patient's life. No correlation was found between TDF equivalent dose of radiation administered and duration of response. Radiation may be a useful palliative tool for bone pain and mass effect from metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Inordinately high doses need not be used to achieve the desired effect.
Vibrational spectra of CO and CO2 adsorbed on potassium modified Fe(100)

High resolution electron energy loss (EEL) spectra for CO adsorbed on potassium modified Fe(100) are presented. Five CO vibrational bands are clearly distinguishable. Two bands at or above 2000 cm−1 correspond to the α1− and α2−states on the clean surface. Two more bands, residing between 1450 and 1850 cm−1, reveal adsorption at potassium modified sites. The response of these bands to changes in potassium coverage and annealing temperature is highly predictable and similar to the situation on Fe(111) [1]. This suggests a local K: CO coordination. A fifth band is observed around 950 cm−1 and interpreted as CO adsorbed at potassium modified α3−sites, redshifted from 1200 cm−1 at unmofidied sites. The present results are complementary to a previous study of the same adsorption system utilizing photoemission spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy [2]. Finally, we present novel vibrational and thermal desorption (TDS) data for Fe(100)/K exposed to CO2 and point at similarities between intermediate states following CO and CO2 adsorption on different potassium promoted iron surfaces.
The problem of bad loans and enterprise indebtedness in Bulgaria

The problem of bad enterprise and bank debts has developed into one of the most acute economic problems in PETs. The general delay in implementing comprehensive policy measures to combat this issue as well as mismanagement contributed to the snow-balling of bad loans. In the case of Bulgaria this led to a major financial crisis and the authorities had to undertake a large-scale rescue operation.
Clinical Characteristics as Predictors of Recurrent Alcohol-related Seizures

Abstract. Objective: To determine whether clinical data available in the emergency department can accurately predict a subset of patients at low risk of developing recurrent seizures following one or more initial alcohol-related seizures in the out-of-hospital arena. Methods: This was a retrospective secondary analysis of data obtained from the placebo arms of two prospective, randomized trials of drug treatments for the prevention of recurrent alcohol-related seizures. Subjects with and without one or more recurrent alcohol-related seizures during the study period were compared according to the following characteristics: 1) age, 2) gender, 3) daily ethanol consumption, 4) years of ethanol abuse, 5) previous alcohol-related seizure, 6) previous seizure of other etiology, 7) temperature, 8) heart rate, 9) systolic blood pressure, 10) diastolic blood pressure, 11) respiratory rate, and 12) ethanol level. Data were analyzed with t-tests and chi-square where appropriate. Results: One hundred five placebo-treated patients were analyzed and 31 (30%) developed recurrent alcohol-related seizures. None of the listed characteristics were statistically different between the two groups except for the initial ethanol level. Subjects with an ethanol level higher than 100 mg/dL were less likely (0%) to develop recurrent seizures than patients with a level equal to or below 100 mg/dL (36%) (p < 0.01). Conclusions: An initial ethanol level higher than 100 mg/dL was significantly associated with a low risk for recurrent alcohol-related seizures during the observation period. No other low-risk clinical characteristics could be identified.
Controlling retrieval during practice: Implications for memory-based theories of automaticity

Memory-based processing theories of automaticity assume that shifts from algorithmic to retrieval-based processing underlie practice effects on response times. The current work examined the extent to which individuals can exert control over the involvement of retrieval during skill acquisition and the factors that may influence control. In two experiments, participants performed alphabet arithmetic verification in an initial practice session followed by a test session after seven days. Retrieval use during practice was lower for participants instructed to perform the task as accurately as possible than for participants instructed to perform the task as quickly as possible. The presence of novel items also reduced retrieval use. Of secondary interest, differential use of retrieval during practice had no significant effect on later performance during test. Results suggest that memory-based processing theories need to include a top-down control mechanism for the involvement of retrieval during skill acquisition, and we discuss ways in which theories may be modified to accommodate the current results.
Intractable epistaxis due to isolated primary telangiectasias.

Importance Epistaxis is the most common otolaryngologic emergency in the United States. Most cases are controlled with first-line measures, but intractable epistaxis can be a challenging clinical problem requiring posterior nasal packing and surgical or endovascular intervention. Bleeding from nasal telangiectasias is well known in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, but there are no reports in the literature of recurrent epistaxis due to isolated telangiectasias not associated with systemic disease. This report describes a series of cases in which intractable epistaxis due to isolated primary telangiectasias was effectively controlled with bipolar electrosurgery. Observations We describe a patient with intractable epistaxis that had failed management with posterior packing and embolization. We also report a series of 16 cases of epistaxis, 6 of which were intractable, in adults without hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia who received treatment between 2009 and 2012. These cases reveal a common pattern of bleeding from telangiectasias on the anterior septum (8 cases [42%]), nasal sidewall (3 [16%]), inferior meatus (2 [10%]), posterior septum (2 [10%]), nasal floor (2 [10%]), middle turbinate (1 [5%]), and inferior turbinate (1 [5%]). Conclusions and Relevance Telangiectasias not associated with systemic disease are a previously unreported source of significant nasal bleeding that, when identified endoscopically, can be treated successfully with bipolar electrosurgery rather than with more invasive and costly surgical and endovascular measures.
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fiducial placement allows localization of small neuroendocrine tumors during parenchymal-sparing pancreatic surgery.

Background Parenchymal-sparing pancreatic surgery is ideal for lesions such as small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). However, precise localization of these small tumors at surgery can be difficult. The placement of fiducials under endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance (EUS-F) has been used to direct stereotactic radiation therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This report describes two cases in which placement of fiducials was used to guide surgical resection. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of using EUS-F for intraoperative localization of small PanNETs.
The catalytic center of glucose-6-phosphatase. HIS176 is the nucleophile forming the phosphohistidine-enzyme intermediate during catalysis

Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), a key enzyme in glucose homeostasis, is anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum by nine transmembrane helices. The amino acids comprising the catalytic center of G6Pase include Lys76, Arg83, His119, Arg170, and His176. During catalysis, a His residue in G6Pase becomes phosphorylated generating an enzyme-phosphate intermediate. It was predicted that His176would be the amino acid that acts as a nucleophile forming a phosphohistidine-enzyme intermediate, and His119 would be the amino acid that provides the proton needed to liberate the glucose moiety. However, the phosphate acceptor in G6Pase has eluded molecular characterization. To identify the His residue that covalently bound the phosphate moiety, we generated recombinant adenoviruses carrying G6Pase wild type and active site mutants. A 40-kDa [32P]phosphate-G6Pase intermediate was identified after incubating [32P]glucose 6-phosphate with microsomes expressing wild type but not with microsomes expressing either H119A or H176A mutant G6Pase. Human G6Pase contains five methionine residues at positions 1, 5, 121, 130, and 279. After cyanogen bromide cleavage, His119 is predicted to be within a 116-amino acid peptide of 13.5 kDa with an isoelectric point of 5.3 (residues 6–121), and His176 is predicted to be within a 149-amino acid peptide of 16.8 kDa with an isoelectric point of 9.3 (residues 131–279). We show that after digestion of a non-glycosylated [32P]phosphate-G6Pase intermediate by cyanogen bromide, the [32P]phosphate remains bound to a peptide of 17 kDa with an isoelectric point above 9, demonstrating that His176 is the phosphate acceptor in G6Pase.
The bovine major histocompatibility complex (BoLa): close linkage of the genes controlling serologically defined antigens and mixed lymphocyte reactivity.

Detection of linkage between genetic loci in cattle has been hampered by the lack of large full-sib families. A unique source of full-sib families is now available from embryo transplantation. Lymphocytes from six full-sib families, ranging in size from three to seven siblings, were tested for serologically defined BoLA antigens (BoLA-A). In addition, mixed lymphocyte reactivity (MLR) was tested between all paired combinations of cells within each family to distinguish BoLA-D specificities. Serologically identical siblings within each family were reciprocally nonreactive in MLR, and vice versa; thus, no recombinants were detected between the BoLA-A and the BoLA-D loci. Classical genetic linkage analysis revealed that these loci are significantly closer than 11.9 centimorgans.
The effects of nonselective non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications on the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction and their interaction with aspirin ☆

OBJECTIVES This study was designed to determine if non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NANSAIDs) are associated with lower odds of myocardial infarction (MI) and if NANSAIDs, particularly ibuprofen, interfere with aspirin's cardioprotective effect. BACKGROUND The NANSAIDs may reduce the risk of MI but may also interfere with aspirin's cardioprotective effect. METHODS A case-control study was conducted, with cases of first, nonfatal MI identified prospectively and controls identified randomly from the community. RESULTS The use of NANSAIDs was associated with a significant reduction in MI among those not using aspirin (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42 to 0.67). This was true for both ibuprofen (adjusted OR 0.52; 95% CI: 0.39 to 0.69) and naproxen (adjusted OR 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.82). Although aspirin itself was associated with decreased odds of MI in those not also using NANSAIDs (adjusted OR relative to no aspirin use 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.98), it was not associated with decreased odds of MI among those who were using NANSAIDs (OR 1.28; 95% CI: 0.85 to 1.94; p value for interaction = 0.026). The association of aspirin and reduced odds of MI diminished with increasing frequency of NANSAID use (test for interaction p = 0.006), particularly for ibuprofen (p = 0.018). Among frequent (4 times/week) NANSAID users, the OR for aspirin versus no aspirin was 2.04 (95% CI: 1.06 to 3.94). Users of prophylactic aspirin plus frequent ibuprofen had an OR relative to aspirin-only users of 2.03 (95% CI: 0.60 to 6.84). CONCLUSIONS In the absence of aspirin use, NANSAIDs are associated with reduced odds of MI. In those using aspirin, NANSAIDs do not provide additional protection. Additional study is needed to determine the clinical impact of using NANSAIDs along with aspirin for cardioprotection.
Variation in spectral response of soybeans with respect to illumination, view, and canopy geometry

Comparisons of the spectral response for incomplete (well-defined row structure) and complete (overlapping row structure) canopies of soybeans indicated a greater dependence on Sun and view geometry for the incomplete canopies. Red and near-IR reflectance for the incomplete canopy decreased as solar zenith angle increased for a nadir view angle until the soil between the plant rows was completely shaded. Thereafter for increasing solar zenith angle, the red reflectance leveled off and the near-IR reflectance increased. A 'hot spot' effect was evident for the red and near-IR reflectance factors. The 'hot spot' effect was more pronounced for the red band based on relative reflectance value changes. The ratios of off-nadir to nadir acquired data reveal that off-nadir red band reflectance factors more closely approximated straightdown measurements for time periods away from solar noon. Normalized difference generally approximated straightdown measurements during the middle portion of the day.
Mocha Java Café: Reminiscing about Paul Pedersen's continuing contributions to our intercultural fields

Abstract This paper provides a glimpse of Paul Pedersen's professional journey through our intercultural fields and the contributions he has been making to us all along the way. It has been a journey with energy and heart. Paul has taught and conducted research at an array of universities, consulted for a broad range of organizations, and provided services to a long list of professional organizations. This paper pays particular attention to his contributions to multicultural counseling and psychotherapy, microcounseling, his Triad Training Model, and his currently emerging work on Inclusive Cultural Empathy. These contributions have had relevance to a broad range of intercultural contexts including counseling, advising, teaching, consoling, consulting, coaching, managing, leading, and international diplomacy.
Epoxidation of E-1,4-poly(2-triethylsilyl-1,3-butadiene) and E-1,4-poly-[2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-butadiene] Stereochemical analysis of E-1,4-poly(2,3-epoxy-2-triethylsilyl-1,3-butadiene) and E-1,4-poly-[2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-butadiene] by 13C and 29Si NMR

Reaction of E-1,4-poly(2-triethylsilyl-1,3-butadiene) (I) with m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA) yields E-1,4-poly(2,3-epoxy-2-triethylsilyl-1,3-butadiene) (II). Similar reaction of E-1,4-poly[2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-butadiene] (III) with MCPBA gives E-1,4-poly[2,3-epoxy-2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-butadiene] (IV). The product polymers have been characterized by 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR, IR, GPC, TGA and elemental analysis. 13C and 29Si NMR permit Stereochemical analysis on the microstructures of II and IV.
A Link between Cdc42 and Syntaxin Is Involved in Mastoparan-Stimulated Insulin Release†

Mastoparan, a hormone receptor-mimetic peptide isolated from wasp venom, stimulates insulin release from pancreatic β-cells in a Ca2+-independent but GTP-dependent manner. In this report, the role ...
An Analytical Model for Interference Alignment in Multi-Hop MIMO Networks

Interference alignment (IA) is a powerful technique to handle interference in wireless networks. Since its inception, IA has become a central research theme in the wireless communications community. Due to its intrinsic nature of being a physical layer technique, IA has been mainly studied for point-to-point or single-hop scenario. There is a lack of research of IA from a networking perspective in the context of multi-hop wireless networks. The goal of this paper is to make such an advance by bringing IA technique to multi-hop MIMO networks. We develop an IA model consisting of a set of constraints at a transmitter and a receiver that can be used to determine IA for a subset of interfering streams. We further prove the feasibility of this IA model by showing that a DoF vector can be supported free of interference at the physical layer as long as it satisfies the constraints in our IA model. Based on the proposed IA model, we develop an IA design space for a multi-hop MIMO network. To study how IA performs in a multi-hop MIMO network, we compare the performance of a network throughput optimization problem based on our developed IA design space against the same problem when IA is not employed. Simulation results show that the use of IA can significantly decrease the DoF consumption for IC, thereby improving network throughput.
Relative Weight (Wr) Status and Current Use in Fisheries Assessment and Management

Condition assessment is commonly practiced by fisheries personnel as one tool for evaluating fish populations and communities. Several noninvasive condition measures are available for use, including Fulton's condition factor (K), relative condition factor (Kn), and relative weight (Wr). The use of Wr as a condition measure has increased within several peer-reviewed journals. In 1995 to 1996, survey responses from agency personnel in 48 states indicated that 22 states used Wr as a standard technique, 18 states identified Wr use as occasional, whereas only eight states indicated no Wr use. The regression-line-percentile technique is recommended for developing standard weight (Ws) equations. There are currently Ws equations available for 52 species and three purposeful hybrids. Length-related trends in condition need to be evaluated prior to calculating a population mean Wr. Relative weight target ranges should be adjusted to meet specific management objectives. Relative weight values are influenced by seaso...
Wavelet-based estimators of mean regression function with long memory data

This paper provides an asymptotic expansion for the mean integrated squared error (MISE) of nonlinear wavelet-based mean regression function estimators with long memory data. This MISE expansion, when the underlying mean regression function is only piecewise smooth, is the same as analogous expansion for the kernel estimators. However, for the kernel estimators, this MISE expansion generally fails if the additional smoothness assumption is absent.
Development of the body checking questionnaire: a self-report measure of body checking behaviors.

Objective The purpose of this study was to develop a brief self-report inventory to assess body checking behaviors. Method Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the 23-item Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) was developed. The BCQ measures the global construct of body checking behaviors with three correlated subfactors that assess checking related to overall appearance, checking of specific body parts, and idiosyncratic checking rituals. Results The BCQ was found to have good test-retest reliability (.94) and the subfactors had good internal consistency (.88, .92, and .83). The measure correlated highly with other measures of negative body image and eating disorders, demonstrating its concurrent validity. Additionally, the BCQ was found to differentiate normal controls and eating disorder patients, as well as nonclinical participants scoring high and low on a measure of concern with body size and dieting. Discussion Due to the potential role of ritualistic body checking in the maintenance of body dissatisfaction by directing excessive attention to body shape/weight, the BCQ may prove to be a useful clinical tool in the assessment and treatment of eating disorder patients. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 31: 324–333, 2002; DOI 10.1002/eat.10012
IBM Mastor: Multilingual Automatic Speech-To-Speech Translator

In this paper, we describe the IBM MASTOR systems which handle spontaneous free-form speech-to-speech translation on both laptop and hand-held PDAs. Challenges include speech recognition and machine translation in adverse environments, lack of data and linguistic resources for under-studied languages, and the need to rapidly develop capabilities for new languages. Importantly, the code and models must fit within the limited memory and computational resources of hand-held devices. We describe our approaches, experience, and success in building working free-form S2S systems that can handle two language pairs (including a low-resource language).
Organizational issues underlie technical software quality: a call for research. Introduction to the software quality minitrack

Based upon research and extensive work with practitioner teams seeking to advance their software quality, the author has come to believe that organizational issues are the main determinant for enabling or disabling progress toward software quality and that they underlie successful application of technical quality techniques. To address this belief, an extensive instrument was designed to assess organizational health with regard to change issues, team-related issues, job-related issues and organizational environment issues. This instrument was used to assess over 100 software-related teams. As a result of this research, the author recommends an approach to software quality comprised of synergy between organizational health, process maturity and use of software quality techniques. A basis for organizational development interventions to improve software quality is suggested. >
Generalization of some incoherent spatial filtering techniques.

A two-channel incoherent spatial filtering system is generalized by considering two object transparencies, one in each of the two channels. Various special cases result, including two that have previously been described and others not previously given. The system can be either linear in irradiance (the basic incoherent case) or linear in field (the basic coherent case) even though the illumination is incoherent in either case. In particular, we show spatial filtering with the object in one channel and the spatial filter in the other channel.
Father Involvement, Father–Child Relationship Quality, and Satisfaction With Family Work: Actor and Partner Influences on Marital Quality

Using family systems theory and an actor–partner interdependence model, we examine the influence of the division of family work (including fathers’ participation in child rearing) on father–child relationship quality, satisfaction with the family work division, and marital quality. The strongest effect on both spouses’ marital quality is wives’ perception of father–child relationship quality. Following this, wives’ perceptions of father participation in child rearing are positively associated with both spouses’ reports of marital quality. Furthermore, both husbands and wives report higher marital quality when they are more satisfied with the division of labor. When wives report their husbands have greater responsibility for family tasks, both spouses report higher satisfaction with the division of labor. Post hoc analyses revealed that wives are more satisfied with the division of labor when they work with their spouse rather than alone. All findings support a systemic relational orientation to family wor...
Correlates of incorrect condom use among depressed young women: an event-level analysis.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Depressed young women are at particularly high risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) yet little is known about their condom use practices. This study sought (1) to describe condom use errors among depressed adolescent and young adult women and (2) to identify event- and individual-level correlates of incorrect use. DESIGN: Depressed sexually active outpatients ages 15-22 responded to a computer-based questionnaire then reported on penile-vaginal sex events on a handheld computer several times a day for two weeks. For each sex event with a condom incorrect condom use was defined as a response indicating incorrect use on at least one of five questions. Event- and individual-level correlates of incorrect use were analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for age and within-individual clustering. SETTING: Participants were recruited from two adolescent clinics a psychiatric clinic and a young parents program of an urban childrens hospital and collected data in the settings of their everyday lives. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one young women contributed 143 condom use events to these analyses. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Incorrect condom use. RESULTS: Incorrect condom use was reported for 51% of condom use events. The most common error was not holding the condom on withdrawal (31%). Having sex to change mood to relax or for physical pleasure increased the odds of incorrect condom use but was no longer significant when individual-level variables were included in the model. In the multiple logistic regression model impulsiveness increased and stronger belief that mood affects sexual behaviors decreased the odds of incorrect condom use (adjusted OR 1.3 and 0.81 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Even if they use condoms depressed adolescent and young adult women are at increased risk of STIs because they frequently use condoms incorrectly. Psychological factors may help identify depressed young women who are at particularly high risk of incorrect condom use. Copyright A(c) 2011 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A Coalitional Game-Based Mechanism for Forming Cloud Federations

We model the cloud federation formation problem using concepts from coalitional game theory by considering the cooperation of the cloud providers in providing the requested VM instances. We design a mechanism that enables the cloud providers to dynamically form a cloud federation maximizing their profit. Furthermore, the mechanism guarantees that the cloud federation structure is stable, that is, the cloud providers do not have incentives to break away from the current federation and join some other federation.
Construction and Initial Validation of a Scale Measuring Beliefs About Equal Rights for Men and Women

A scale was constructed measuring beliefs about equal rights for men and women. The scale had high internal consistency and reliability. Scores on the scale were significantly related to subject, s...
Glatiramer acetate for treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

Glatiramer acetate (GA; Copaxone®, Teva Pharmaceuticals Inc.), approved in the USA in 1996 and EU in 2001 as first-line treatment for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis, is now available in 51 countries and recently gained approval for delaying conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in patients with clinically isolated syndromes. Over the last 10–15 years, abundant research has better characterized the immunomodulatory activities and clinical efficacy and safety of GA. Relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients taking GA continuously for up to 22 years as disease-modifying monotherapy experience minimal disability progression, and more than 1 million patient-years of experience attest to GA safety and tolerability. GA does not generate neutralizing antibodies, has no known drug interactions – making it a good candidate for combination therapy – and new formulations under evaluation may reduce injection frequency and injection-site reactions. The place of GA in the growing multiple s...
Animal Models for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

yet infected with the causative virus and the development of drug therapies for those already infected. Suitable animal models will be needed for studies designed to achieve these goals. Areas of investigation in animal models can be divided into four categories on the basis of increasing direct relevance to AIDS in humans: (1) retroviruses that have no obvious, close relation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but can induce chronic diseases with manifestations that include immunologic abnormalities; (2) ungulate lentiviruses; (3) HIV-related viruses of Old World primates; and (4) HIV infection of chimpanzees. It is hoped that important research developments in experimental models can be quickly extrapolated to human AIDS.
Interpolation in Discrete Single Figure Medial Objects

The discrete m-rep, a medial representation of anatomical objects made from one or more meshes of medial atoms, has many attractive properties for biomedical image analysis. The nonlinear nature of the m-rep parameters captures nonlinear deformations in anatomical objects such as twisting and bending. Most uses of m-reps require extending them to one or more continuous sheets of medial atoms. To guarantee that a continuous sheet of medial atoms does not fold, we propose an interpolation method on the medial atoms based on two medial shape operators. The radial shape operator describes the rate of swing of a medial atoms spoke. The edge shape operator describes the rate of swing of a planar curve defining the object crest. The two shape operators generate interpolated internal and end atoms, and they join together smoothly. We show the application of our interpolation method on m-reps of synthetic and real-world objects.
West Virginia University’s Health Sciences and Technology Academy

This article describes the Health Sciences and Technology Academy, an outreach and engagement program by West Virginia University to encourage higher education faculty members and administrators, public school teachers, and community leaders to assume the responsibility of mentoring high school students. The primary goal is to increase the college-going rate among underrepresented students in West Virginia. Additional goals are to improve science and math skill acquisition, to empower communities through leadership development of their youth, and to increase the number of health care providers as well as the number of math and science educators in West Virginia’s currently underserved communities.
QTL mapping arthritis traits in CXB mice

B6 mice are of intermediate susceptibility to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) while Balb/c mice are resistant, but are highly susceptible to proteoglycan-induced arthritis. Antigen presentation is H-2 directed but the disease that results is thought to be driven by regions outside of the MHC therefore, CXB mouse strains afford the opportunity to look at the influence of these regions on CIA. H2-b CXB strains are predicted to show variation in disease parameters relative to C57Bl/6, depending on which Balb/c chromosome regions is present. Nine of thirteen CXB strains are H-2b while one has a recombined H-2 region (CXB9). The four H-2d strains were crossed with C57Bl/6ByJ to generate F1 mice that could present collagen via the B6-contributed H-2b locus, while possibly identifying Balb/c loci that would have a dominant effect on disease progression. A number of disease and immunological parameters were collected and gene expression analysis was done on resting spleens. A range of incidence and severity of disease was seen and mice were assigned to susceptibility groups based on collected parameters. Preliminary QTL analysis has identified regions on chromosomes 13, 15 and 19 that correlate with susceptibility to CIA.
Emotional reactions in children: Verbal, physiological, and behavioral responses to affective pictures

Many studies have shown a consistent pattern in adults' responses to affective pictures and there is growing evidence of gender differences, as well. Little is known, though, about children's verbal, behavioral, and physiological responses to affective pictures. Two experiments investigated children's responses to pictures. In Experiment 1, children, adolescents, and adults viewed pictures varying in affective content and rated them for pleasure, arousal, and dominance. Results indicated that children and adolescents rated the pictures similarly to adults. In Experiment 2, physiological responses, self-report, and viewing time were measured while children viewed affective pictures. As with adults, children's responses reflected the affective content of the pictures. Gender differences in affective evaluations, corrugator activity, skin conductance, startle modulation, and viewing time indicated that girls were generally more reactive to unpleasant materials.
Spodoptera frugiperda resistance in developing panicles of sorghum accessions

Experiments were conducted in 1989 to evaluate converted sorghum accessions for preflowering extended panicle and soft-dough stage panicle feeding resistance to fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), by incorporating plant tissue into artificial insect diet. Spodoptera frugiperda biological parameters measured were larval and pupal weights, mean duration of the larval stage, time to adult eclosion, survivorship, fecundity, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and relative fitness. The converted lines IS 2246C, IS 2403C, IS 2825C, IS 7007C, IS 8337C, IS 12592C, IS 12612C, IS 12657C, IS 12666C, and IS 12681C were more resistant to both preflowering and soft-dough stage panicle feeding by S. frugiperda than the resistant check NK Savanna 5. The genotypes IS 1340C, IS 2553C, IS 2569C, IS 6911C, IS 7498C, IS 12219C, IS 12617C, IS 12662C, and IS 12664C were more resistant than the resistant check to S. frugiperda feeding in the soft-dough stage, but not in the preflowering stage of panicle development. Plant antibiosis was the major mechanism of resistance in these lines at both stages of the panicle development.
The Grandchildren of Godard and the Aubracs: Betrayal, Resistance, and the People without a Memory

The second part of Jean-Luc Godard’s film, Eloge de l’amour (2001) concerns a Resistance couple named Samuel, who had taken their Resistance name Bayard after the war. The couple sells the film rights to their story to the American director Steven Spielberg. A leitmotif of Eloge de l’amour is that one thinks of something by thinking of something else. This essay examines Eloge de l’amour by thinking of a heroic Resistance couple whose prewar name was Samuel, who took their Resistance name Aubrac after the war, and who sold the film rights to their story to a prominent French director, Claude Berri, whose Lucie Aubrac was released in 1997. Godard, a man with his own feelings of guilt about the heroic world of the Resistance he had never entered, suggests that Americans need the historical memories of others to survive - especially memories of resistance. Eloge de l’amour is Godard’s own act of resistance to the imperial aggression he sees himself confronting today in the form of Hollywoodization. Beginning...
E-business for nations: a study of national level e-business adoption factors using country characteristics-business-technology-government framework

Earlier studies on e-business adoption factors have been conducted from a firm level perspective or from a single country level perspective. In this study, we propose a framework entitled country characteristicsbusiness-technology-government model that addresses a theoretical perspective on e-business adoption factors required for a nation level e-business development. The major goal of this study is four-fold: (i) to review existing key literature on e-business across the countries and identify key factors affecting e-business adoption, (ii) to propose a research model based on the identified factors, (iii) to test the proposed model empirically using the national level macro economic data from secondary sources, and (iv) to provide insightful discussions for country administrators, policy makers, and academics. The limitations and future directions of the study are also discussed.
Wireless course management system

Wireless devices, such as smart phones and PDAs, are increasing in popularity due to the advantage of enhanced mobility and availability. In spite of the high increase in the availability of mobile devices, most of the wireless applications are in such areas as enterprise support, military, or gaming. Unfortunately, in the field of education, where online teaching and Web services are well accepted and adopted, wireless access to student records, course content, course registration, and other wireless Web services still is not available. This paper describes the analysis, design, architecture, and experimental development of a Wireless Course Management System that provides a wireless access to course information content.
Challenging Students to Respond to Multicultural Issues: The Case-Study Approach.

Business communication and technical writing students face a new workplace challenge: responding to problems that reflect a multicultural dimension and involve business- people whose perspectives, values, and traditions are not Western. Case studies are a good teaching strategy to introduce multicultural issues in business communication. Case studies involve students in group settings and demand both problem-solving and human-relations skills. Adding discussion questions to case-study problems prompts student responses, and assigning a follow-up progress report or memorandum ties the case-study reviews to course goals. This article includes both a description of the assignment and two timely case-study samples.
Commitment to a World Without Cancer

The author is a layperson, health educator, and political oncologist who is, in addition to her work at the cancer center at UCLA, a long-time volunteer with the American Cancer Society. She has served the National Cancer Institute as a member of the National Cancer Advisory Board and is currently a member of its Board of Scientific Counselors, Division of Cancer Control. In these various roles she was part of the lay leadership that influenced and cooperated with the Nixon administration in its efforts to pass the National Cancer Act of 1971. She has participated continually in the implementation of the National Cancer Program and Act since 1971.This essay reviews the history of our nation's support of cancer research, commencing with the founding of the American Cancer Society. It considers the factors that led to the passage of the National Cancer Act in 1971. It then comments on the interaction between universities, the National Cancer Institute, und the Cancer Act, which has produced the “cancer busi...
Effect of Low-intensity Red and Far-red Light and High-intensity White Light on the Flowering Response of the Long-day Plant Lemna gibba G3.

The long-day plant Lemna gibba L., strain G3 exhibits a relatively low sensitivity to short, white-light interruptions given during the dark period of a short-day cycle. However, the plants are fairly sensitive to low-intensity red light treatments given during a 15-hour dark period on the third day of a 2LD-(9L:15D)-2LD-7SD schedule. Far-red light is almost as effective as red light, and attempts to reverse the red light response with subsequent far-red light treatments have not been successful. Blue light proved to be without effect. When plants were grown on a 48-hour cycle with 15 minutes of red light every 4 hours during the dark period, the critical daylength was reduced from about 32 hours to slightly less than 12 hours.Continuous red light induced a fairly good flowering response. However, as little as 1 hour of white light each day gave a significant improvement in the flowering response over that of the continuous red light control. White light of 600 to 700 ft-c was more effective than white light of 60 to 70 ft-c. The white light was much more effective when divided into 2 equal exposures given 8 to 12 hours apart. These results suggest an increase in light sensitivity with regard to flower induction about 8 to 10 hours after the start of the light period.
Whole-body vibration and blood flow and muscle oxygenation: a meta-analysis.

Context: The use and popularity of whole-body vibration (WBV) has increased in recent years, but there is a lack of consensus in the literature about the effectiveness of the treatment. Objective: To quantitatively examine the effects of WBV on muscle oxygenation and peripheral blood flow in healthy adults. Data Sources: We searched Web of Science and PubMed databases and reference lists from relevant articles using the key terms whole body vibration, whole-body vibration, WBV, blood flow, peripheral blood flow, oxygenation, muscle oxygenation, circulation, circulatory, near infrared spectroscopy, NIRS, and power Doppler. Key terms were searched using single word and combination searches. No date range was specified. Study Selection: Criteria for inclusion were (1) use of a commercially available WBV device, (2) a human research model, (3) a pre-WBV condition and at least 1 WBV experimental condition, and (4) reporting of unstandardized means and standard deviations of muscle oxygenation or peripheral blo...
A decade of pediatric mechanical circulatory support before and after cardiac transplantation.

Objectives We reviewed the use of pediatric mechanical circulatory support before and after transplantation to examinine current results and future strategies. Methods All patients listed for transplantation from January 2000 to December 2010 who required either extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or ventricular assist device (VAD) support before ("intention to transplant") or after transplantation were included. Indications for mechanical assistance, age, weight, duration of support, complications while on support, causes of death, and overall actuarial survival were recorded. Results Thirty-seven patients were received VADs; 32 (86.5%) survived to transplantation. Postoperative hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications affected all of those under 15 kg. One patient in the survivor cohort demonstrated focal neurologic findings. Three (8.1%) had panel reactive antibody levels of 10% or more while on device support; all received transplants. ECMO as an intention to bridge to transplantation was used in 28 patients; 7 died, 7 were weaned, and 14 were bridged to transplantation. Nineteen patients required ECMO after transplantation; 3 additional patients had percutaneous VAD support for late rejection. There was a significant ( P = .02) difference in survival after listing for transplantation among those supported with ECMO, with VAD, and those not supported with a device. No difference in posttransplant survival was demonstrated between those patients supported with either ECMO or VAD before transplant compared with all others not bridged to transplantation. Conclusions Both VAD and ECMO support are highly effective means of bridging patients to transplantation and supporting patients after transplanatation. Ideally, the availability of smaller devices for children will have a favorable impact on the morbidity related to anticoagulation in the smallest patients.
Multidrug resistant Kluyvera ascorbata septicemia in an adult patient: a case report.

Introduction Kluyvera ascorbata has become increasingly significant due to its potential to cause a wide range of infections, as well as its ability to transfer gene encoding for CTX-M- type extended spectrum B-lactamases (ESBLs) to other Enterobacteriaceae.