cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Regulation of p53 in response to ionizing radiation in ataxia telangiectasia fibroblasts

Abstract Purpose: An analysis of the structure and expression of p53 in fibroblasts from patients with ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is presented. Methods and Materials: p53 status in primary and SV40 T antigen-transformed AT cell lines was analyzed using immunocytochemistry and by sequencing with the dideoxynucleotide termination method. The expression of p53 transcript was measured by Northern analysis. The kinetics of p53 protein expression and DNA-binding activity were measured at various intervals following irradiation. Results: No mutation of p53 sequences was found in AT cells. Decreased levels of p53 mRNA and protein were observed in AT5BIVA cells compared to other SV40 T antigen-immortalized fibroblasts. Furthermore, DNA-protein binding analysis shows that a fraction of p53 in the nuclear extracts from AT5BIVA is regulated and binds to specific DNA sequence following irradiation. Conclusion: These data provide evidence for a heterogeneity of the p53 function in SV40-transformed AT cells. It also supports the hypothesis that a regulatory mechanism of p53 activity remains in T antigen-expressing cells in response to ionizing radiation damage.
PBIB designs with m associate classes induced by full rank matrices modulo pm

This paper presents series of PBIB designs with m associate classes in which the treatment set is a subset of the Z(pm)-module of n × 1 vectors over the ring of integers modulo pm, p any prime. The association scheme of this series of designs is determined by the Fuller canonical form under row equivalence of n × 2 matrices [a,b] for vectors a and b in the treatment set. The blocking procedure utilizes full rank s × n matrices over Z(pm), 1 ⩽ s ⩽ n − 2, n ⩾ 3. For m = 2, n = 3, s =1 and for each prime p, each PBIB is regular divisible and yields a finite proper uniform projective Hjelmslev plane with parameters j = p and k = p(p + 1).
Catalytic asymmetric cyclopropanation at a chiral platform.

Novel chiral Robson-type macrocyclic complexes M2–L [where M = Mn(II), Mn(III), Co(II) and Co(III) and L denotes tetra-Schiff base chiral ligands, L1 or L2] have been synthesized by metal template condensation of 2,6-diformyl-4-methyl-phenol, with 1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane (L1) or 1R,2R-diphenylethylenediamine (L2). The dinuclear Co(II) and Co(III) complexes catalyze asymmetric cyclopropanation of styrene with diazoacetate cooperatively and with high enantioselectivity.
Cognitive Value and Imaginative Identification: The Case of Kubrick's Eyes Wide Shut

A decade after its release, Stanley Kubrick's Eyes Wide Shut (1999) remains an enigmatic film, with respect to its meaning and, especially, its value. Undoubtedly, through the years, much of the disagreement on the film's overall quality has faded, and few would still subscribe to Andrew Sarris's "strong reservations about its alleged artistry." 1 Yet the precise source of the value of Kubrick's last film still remains mysterious, at least judging from the disparate interpretations it continues to receive. More importantly, it is certainly not an uncommon reaction—among my acquaintances for example—to experience a certain sense of puzzlement when viewing the film, one that none of the standard interpretations seems to dissipate fully. 2 In sum— certainly modified since the time of its inception, but also strengthened by the decade that has passed-some enigma regarding Eyes Wide Shut does persist, and it is one that is worth identifying and trying to answer. These just seem to be questions for film criticism. Yet they are also of great philosophical interest, for Eyes Wide Shut may work well as a case study for claims on the possible contributions that cinema can give to knowledge and on the forms of imaginative engagement that filmic narratives can promote. Indeed, carefully examining Eyes Wide Shut, in the attempt to sort out what this film accomplishes, turns out to be an excellent opportunity to look at both of these issues at once. Much has been written recently on film's possible cognitive merits and on spectators' imaginative engagement. 3 Here, my own approach to the former issue is somewhat novel, precisely because of the link it suggests—paradigmatically in Eyes Wide Shut-between a film's cognitive merits and the experiences of imaginative engagement a film promotes. Indeed, in the course of my discussion, I also raise some general concerns with respect to a widespread tendency of locating a film's possible cognitive contributions just in what the work conveys, while disregarding the experience it invites the spectator to have. I start by presenting a number of possible interpretations of this film and show how they all do not quite explain the film's enigma (Section I). Then I argue that those interpretations all fail, to an extent—and for reasons that are general and instructive—to fully account for the film's cognitive value (Section II). Hence I offer what seems to me the best explanation of what the enigma of Eyes Wide Shut amounts to, and of how, once properly identified, the source of viewers' persistent puzzlement coincides with one important source of the film's value (Sections III-IV). Eyes Wide Shut, I maintain, rather uniquely exemplifies a kind of imaginative engagement, roughly speaking, a form of identification, that cinema is capable of bringing about.
The Community College IR Shop and Accreditation: A Case Study.

The office of institutional research (IR) at a community college can provide valuable assistance in supporting accreditation and institutional effectiveness using this proven model.
Gender, sexuality and power in Arab society: Arab feminist criticism of discourse and social order

Adnan, Etel. Sitt Marie Rose. Sausalito, California: Post‐Apollo Press, 1982. 105 pp. $7.50 paper. El Saadawi. Woman at Point Zero. London: Zed Press, 1983. iv + 106 pp. $6.25 paper. Sabbah, Fatna A. Woman in the Muslim Unconscious. New York: Pergamon Press. 132 pp. including footnotes and index. $22.50 cloth, $9.95 paper.
Prenatal exposure to ethanol affects postnatal neurogenesis in thalamus.

Abstract The number of neurons in the ventrobasal thalamus (VB) in the adolescent rat is unaffected by prenatal exposure to ethanol. This is in sharp contrast to other parts of the trigeminal-somatosensory system, which exhibit 30–35% fewer neurons after prenatal ethanol exposure. The present study tested the hypothesis that prenatal ethanol exposure affects dynamic changes in the numbers of VB neurons; such changes reflect the sum of cell proliferation and death. Neuronal number in the VB was determined during the first postnatal month in the offspring of pregnant Long–Evans rats fed an ethanol-containing diet or pair-fed an isocaloric non-alcoholic liquid diet. Offspring were examined between postnatal day (P) 1 and P30. The size of the VB and neuronal number were determined stereologically. Prenatal exposure to ethanol did not significantly alter neuronal number on any individual day, nor was the prenatal generation of VB neurons affected. Interestingly, prenatal ethanol exposure did affect the pattern of the change in neuronal number over time; total neuronal number was stable in the ethanol-treated pups after P12, but it continued to rise in the controls until P21. In addition, the rate of cell proliferation during the postnatal period was greater in ethanol-treated animals. Thus, the rate of neuronal acquisition is altered by ethanol, and by deduction, there appears to be less ethanol-induced neuronal loss in the VB. A contributor to these changes is a latent effect of ethanol on postnatal neurogenesis in the VB and the apparent survival of new neurons.
VALIDATION IN WELL- AND POORLY NOURISHED RATS OF A METHOD TO COLLECT MILK FOR COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS

The nursing method of milk collection is a procedure in which milk is collected from the stomachs of rat pups after they are allowed to suckle. When dams are undernourished, higher volumes can be obtained this way than by expressing milk from the dam’s nipple. However, composition of the milk is changed by being in the pups’ stomachs. To validate the nursing method of milk collection for use among pups differing in nutritional status, we determined whether this change in composition is the same in well- and poorly nourished pups. Milk was collected from well-nourished dams, pooled, and its macronutrient composition determined. This milk was fed by gavage to 14-d-old pups of rat dams given free access to diet AIN-93GTM (control) or restricted to 50% of the average intake of control rats (foodrestricted). Their stomach contents were collected 30 min later. There were no significant differences between the pups of control and food-restricted dams in the composition of the milk curd recovered from the pups’ stomachs. As expected, the pups’ stomach contents had significantly lower water, fat and lactose concentrations than the pooled milk fed. Thus, the nursing method of milk collection does not provide a sample suitable for the determination of the absolute composition of the milk fed. Inasmuch as pup undernutrition does not differentially affect the compositional changes that occur when milk is in the pups’ stomachs, the nursing method of milk collection provides a valid comparison of the relative composition of the milk consumed for pups who differ in nutritional status. e 1998 ELsevicx sciplce Inc.
Kinetics of ligand equilibration between tubular and vesicular parts of the endosome.

The kinetics of ligand equilibration between the tubular and vesicular parts of the endosome are studied for ligands diffusing in the vesicle and in a narrow cylindrical tubule attached to it. The key quantity in our analysis is the fraction of ligands in the vesicle at time t, ${P}_{\mathrm{ves}}(t).$ We derive an expression for the Laplace transform of ${P}_{\mathrm{ves}}(t)$ as a function of the vesicle volume and the length and radius of the tubule as well as the ligand diffusion coefficients in the vesicle and in the tubule. This transform is used to find the average equilibration time as a function of the system parameters.
Uninterruptible battery backup for IBM AS/400 systems

This paper describes the architecture and implementation of a DC-Uninterruptible Power Source (DC-UPS) designed as an internal component for IBM AS/400® processor and I/O towers. This DC-UPS supports a processor or I/O tower requiring a maximum of 3100 watts of input ac line power. Unlike the large majority of AC-Uninterruptible Power Sources (AC-UPSs) found in the marketplace, which supply 50-60-Hz alternating current, the DC-UPS supplies direct current as the backup power source to the power supplies of these IBM systems. This paper addresses the way in which the IBM DC-UPS design evolved, and how the DC-UPS is less complex, more reliable, and less costly than AC-UPS designs. It also discusses some of the design considerations required to maintain and manage a large battery string in an IBM computer system.
Investigation of Feasibility of Developing Intelligent Firefighter-Protective Garments Based on the Utilization of a Water-Injection System

ABSTRACT This research develops a new approach to designing and creating a prototype of an intelligent firefighter thermal-protective garment. During a flash fire exposure, this intelligent garment will absorb a significant amount of the incident heat flux due to evaporation of the injected water, thus limiting the temperature increase and the total heat flux to the firefighter's skin. A comprehensive mathematical model of heat and mass transport in the fabric layer during the flash fire exposure is suggested and numerically implemented using a finite-volume technique. A computational investigation is performed to optimize the performance of this novel garment system in terms of the activation temperature and the necessary amount of injected water.
The effect of prostaglandins on cultured lapine articular chondrocytes

Abstract The effect of 8 prostaglandins (PG) on growth and sulfate incorporation by monolayer and spinner-cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes has been measured. PGA 1 , PGB 1 , PGE 1 and PGE 2 reduced synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG) but the PGF series did not. PGA 1 was the most potent, being effective at a concentration of 2.5 μg/ml [6.8 μM] while the others required 25 μg/ml. These compounds had no effect on degradation of GAG. All 8 PGs augmented growth slightly but significantly at 2.5 μg/ml. At the higher concentration, PGA 1 was highly cytotoxic, and PGB 1 as well as PGE 2 reduced cell growth. The cytotoxicity of PGA 1 was also observed in two additional types of cultured connective tissue cells, but the inhibition of sulfated-GAG synthesis by PGA 1 and PGB 1 was confined to the chondrocytes. The response of cultured chondrocytes to exogenous PGs, albeit at apparently unphysiologically high concentrations, together with other evidence, suggests that these compounds may conceivably play a direct role in cartilage metabolism in vivo.
Crowdsourcing content analysis for managerial research

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel method for performing content analysis in managerial research – crowdsourcing, a system where geographically distributed workers complete small, discrete tasks via the internet for a small amount of money. Design/methodology/approach – The authors examined whether workers from one popular crowdsourcing marketplace, Amazon's Mechanical Turk, could perform subjective content analytic tasks involving the application of inductively generated codes to unstructured, personally written textual passages. Findings – The findings suggest that anonymous, self-selected, non-expert crowdsourced workers were applied content codes efficiently and at low cost, and that their reliability and accuracy compared to that of trained researchers. Research limitations/implications – The authors provide recommendations for management researchers interested in using crowdsourcing most effectively for content analysis, including a discussion of the limi...
Building a Research Base for Community Services for Children and Families: What We Know and What We Need to Learn

We examine the knowledge base for community-based mental health services for youth and their families. A brief historical perspective on the development of community services is presented, and the fundamental components of a comprehensive child mental health service system are described. Outcome studies for service components as well as the service system as a whole are summarized. Research related to the context of treatment, i.e., service setting, cost, is presented. The authors conclude that a research base for child and family services is emerging, but there is still a paucity of well designed studies that address the complexities of a community-based system as well as the critical outcome questions that need to be addressed. Finally, promising service system developments are described and recommendations for future research are presented.
Reduced endothelin converting enzyme-1 and endothelin-3 mRNA in the developing bowel of male mice may increase expressivity and penetrance of Hirschsprung disease-like distal intestinal aganglionosis.

Hirschsprung disease (distal intestinal aganglionosis, HSCR) is a multigenic disorder with incomplete penetrance, variable expressivity, and a strong male gender bias. Recent studies demonstrated that these genetic patterns arise because gene interactions determine whether enteric nervous system (ENS) precursors successfully proliferate and migrate into the distal bowel. We now demonstrate that male gender bias in the extent of distal intestinal aganglionosis occurs in mice with Ret dominant-negative mutations (RetDN) that mimic human HSCR. We hypothesized that male gender bias could result from reduced expression of a gene already known to be essential for ENS development. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) we demonstrated reduced levels of endothelin converting enzyme-1 and endothelin-3 mRNA in the male mouse bowel at the time that ENS precursors migrate into the colon. Other HSCR-associated genes are expressed at comparable levels in male and female mice. Testosterone and Mullerian inhibiting substance had no deleterious effect on ENS precursor development, but adding EDN3 peptide to E11.5 male RetDN heterozygous mouse gut explants in organ culture significantly increased the rate of ENS precursor migration through the bowel. Developmental Dynamics 236:106–117, 2007. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Smart Subcategories: How Assortment Formats Influence Consumer Learning and Satisfaction

We show that formats used by retailers to organize assortments into subcategories can enhance or encumber consumers’ learning and satisfaction. For more knowledgeable consumers, unexpected subcategory formats provide a newness cue, thereby increasing effort, learning and satisfaction with the shopping experience. Conversely, low prior knowledge consumers show decreases in learning and satisfaction when choosing from an unexpected subcategory format. Interestingly, results also suggest that consumers may anticipate the potential benefits of unexpected subcategory formats for more knowledgeable individuals. As such, findings suggest that subcategory formats can be strategically used both for the benefit of the consumer and retailer.
Dysplasia at the surgical margin is associated with recurrence after resection of non-invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

Abstract Background The significance of a positive margin in resected non‐invasive pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine recurrence rates when dysplasia was present at the final surgical margin. Methods A prospectively maintained database identified 192 patients undergoing resection of non‐invasive IPMN. Pathological, peri‐operative and recurrence data were analysed. Results Ductal dysplasia was identified at the final surgical margin in 86 patients (45%) and defined as IPMN or Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia PanIN in 38 (20%) and 54 (28%) patients, respectively. At a median follow‐up of 46 months, 40 (21%) patients recurred with 31 developing radiographical evidence of new cysts, 6 re‐resected for IPMN and 3 diagnosed with pancreatic cancer within the remnant. Of those with margin dysplasia, 31% developed recurrent disease compared with 13% in those without dysplasia ( P = 0.002). On multivariate analysis, margin dysplasia was associated with a three‐fold increased risk of recurrence ( P = 0.02). No relationship between dysplasia and development of pancreatic cancer was found. Discussion In this study, dysplasia at the margin after a pancreatectomy for non‐invasive IPMN was associated with recurrence in the remnant gland, but not at the resection margin. While this finding may warrant closer follow‐up, it does not identify a gland at higher risk for the subsequent development of invasive disease.
The effect of firm financial characteristics and the availability of alternative finance on IPO underpricing

This article tests the hypothesis that the financial characteristics of the issuing firm, along with the availability of alternative sources of financing, are important determinants of the level of underpricing. While risk and its relationship to underpricing have been examined in previous studies, liquidity risk is unique because of its special implications for a firm’s bargaining position with the underwriter. Consistent with my hypothesis, firms with greater liquidity concerns at the IPO experience greater underpricing. On the other hand, firms with higher levels of venture capital funding and/or debt financing are more fully priced.
Waist circumference, body mass index, and postmenopausal breast cancer incidence in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort

High body mass index (BMI) is an established risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer. However, less is known about associations with waist circumference. In particular, it is unclear whether a larger waist circumference is associated with risk more than would be expected based solely on its contribution to BMI. We examined the associations of BMI and waist circumference with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, with and without mutual adjustment, in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort. Analyses included 28,965 postmenopausal women who reported weight and waist circumference on a questionnaire in 1997 and were not taking menopausal hormones. During a median follow-up of 11.58 years, 1,088 invasive breast cancer cases were identified. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models. Without adjustment for BMI, a larger waist circumference was associated with higher risk of breast cancer (per 10 cm increase in waist circumference, HR = 1.13, 95 % CI 1.08–1.19). However, adjustment for BMI eliminated the association with waist circumference (per 10 cm HR = 1.00, 95 % CI 0.92–1.08). BMI was associated with risk unadjusted for waist circumference (per 1 kg/m2 HR = 1.04, 95 % CI 1.03–1.05) and adjusted for waist circumference (per 1 kg/m2 HR = 1.04, 95 % CI 1.02–1.06). Our study of predominantly white women provides evidence that a larger waist circumference is associated with higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, but not beyond its contribution to BMI.
JASE Online – Don't Miss It!

In a recent Editor’s Page, I noted that we live in an age where access to information is more rapid and facile than it has ever been. Those of us lucky enough to have ready access to the Internet realize that the question “Where Do YouWant To Go Today?” still applies to the quest for information. I find it interesting to recall that this slogan was used in a 1996 Microsoft advertising campaign, and later dropped when the company received hundreds of thousands of responses by Email, letters, postcards, and calls to an 800-phone number by respondents who sent in random destinations but little else. The advertising slogan may have gone away, but the concept certainly has not. The Internet gives us rapid access to the address, phone number, hours of operation, and directions to most businesses. We use the Internet for a wide range of reasons; for example, to make reservations, shop, find directions to a friend’s house, search for references, and communicate with colleagues. While we could use phone books, travel agents, brick and mortar stores, medical libraries, and the post office, the Internet is so much faster and more efficient. So, it should be no surprise that the Internet has also revolutionized the world of medical periodicals such as the Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography (JASE). Our publisher tells me that the Internet has changed the way many of our readers access medical journals, including JASE. Apparently, younger readers now access the Journal electronically, while older readers still prefer to use the print journal. A colleague of mine likes to define “old” as “your age 10”, and I confess that this approach has a certain appeal to me. However, I am undoubtedly in the “older reader” category, at least chronologically. I suspect that many readers of the Journal are already quite familiar with our online version, but I also would not be surprised to learn that many readers do not regularly access the online Journal and are unaware of the opportunities that this version offers. I want to use this Editor’s Page for that segment of our readers and to tell them “loud and clear” that if they don’t take advantage of JASE online, they are really missing out! This column is not the place to provide step-by-step instructions on how to utilize the many features available in the online Journal. If readers were interested in a primer on how to optimize use of online JASE, then I would ask them to contact the Editorial Office (jaseoffice@asecho.org). I am sure that with the help of our colleagues at Elsevier, we could put together such a primer and make it available to subscribers. What I would like to do at this point in time is to focus primarily on how, in my short term as Editor-in-Chief, I have found the online version of the Journal to be an invaluable asset, and thereby to suggest some ways in which JASE online might be helpful to you. First, how do I get there? Since I use the American Society of Echocardiography’s website (www.asecho.org) on a daily basis, I
Particle angular momentum alignment effects in deformed nuclei

Abstract Systematic examinations of the angular momentum generated by particle alignment were made for Dy and Er isotopes. Marked deviations are observed from the aligned spin values expected for full alignment of i 13 2 ( odd A) and ( i 13 2 ) 2 ( even A) particles. Suggested origins of these differences are presented.
The Testing Effect: An Intervention on Behalf of Low-Skilled Comprehenders in General Chemistry

Past work has demonstrated that language comprehension ability correlates with general chemistry course performance with medium effect sizes. We demonstrate here that language comprehension’s strong cognitive grounding can be used to inform effective and equitable pedagogies, namely, instructional interventions that differentially aid low-skilled language comprehenders. We report the design, implementation, and assessment of such an intervention strategy. Guided by two models of comprehension, we predicted that a multiple pre-testing strategy would differentially aid low-skilled comprehenders in a general chemistry class. We also explored the effect of two question types (multiple choice and elaborative interrogation) on this intervention strategy. A within-subjects, learning-goals driven design was used to build the intervention into two semesters of the course; data generated by this approach were analyzed with hierarchical linear models. We found that the achievement gap between low- and high-skilled c...
Plastic optical fiber splicing by thermal fusion

Abstract We have developed devices to perform thermal fusing of plastic optical fibers for use in the construction of sampling calorimeters with fiber optic readout. Our fusing devices are microprocessor controlled and are based on a “split mold” construction suitable for mass production of low loss fiber-to-fiber transitions. We also briefly describe our experience with the construction of large scale prototype calorimeters for CDF and SDC, where splice testing was performed as part of the calorimeter production.
Analysis of leaky viral translation termination codons in vivo by transient expression of improved β-glucuronidase vectors

Plant RNA viruses commonly exploit leaky translation termination signals in order to express internal protein coding regions. As a first step to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which ribosomes bypass leaky stop codons in vivo, we have devised a system in which readthrough is coupled to the transient expression of β-glucuronidase (GUS) in tobacco protoplasts. GUS vectors that contain the stop codons and surrounding nucleotides from the readthrough regions of several different RNA viruses were constructed and the plasmids were tested for the ability to direct transient GUS expression. These studies indicated that ribosomes bypass the leaky termination sites at efficiencies ranging from essentially 0 to ca. 5% depending upon the viral sequence. The results suggest that the efficiency of readthrough is determined by the sequence surrounding the stop codon. We describe improved GUS expression vectors and optimized transfection conditions which made it possible to assay low-level translational events.
Family resemblance. Category structure of joy and shame

Examined the category structure of “joy” and “shame” emotions. In this study the organization of emotions into abstract categories with a prototype structure based on family resemblances was proposed. Forty male introductory psychology students judged 56 slides of human faces (posed by other such students) as expressing either joy or shame and rated the degree of typicality of each face. Faces rated as more typical were recognized signicantly more quickly and accurately. Correlations between typicality and latency were also significant. More intense expressions of both emotion categories were rated as more typical of the category. A reliable instrument for future study of recognition of the two emotions was developed. The family resemblance-prototype structure for emotion categories was supported.
Will the new code help researchers to be more ethical

A code of ethics has 2 largely incompatible objectives: to set forth enforceable minimal standards of conduct and to teach about or invoke ethical conduct. The section of the new American Psychological Association code dealing with research ethics achieves the former to some degree. However, it neither provides needed education in the ethics of research nor states where the reader might turn for such information. The code is particularly deficient in the following areas: privacy and confidentiality; institutional review boards; deception; debriefing; data sharing; and research on marginal populations, on children and adolescents, and in organizational contexts. Suggestions are offered for providing a bibliographic resource, in hard copy and on-line, that would stimulate independent interest, scholarship, education, and research on research ethics.
The sounds of infancy.

SUMMARY The infant's cry is an imperative signal which is related to the life-sustaining functions of respiration and nutrition. The relatively new field of study of the infant cry is surveyed in this paper in order to demonstrate what has been accomplished so far, and to consider what future study might accomplish. RESUME Les sons de l'enfance Le pleur de l'enfant est un signal imperatif lie aux fonctions indispensables a la vie, de la respiration et de Ia nutrition. Les auteurs etudient ce champ relativement nouveau d'etude du pleur de l'enfant en vue de montrer les resultats deja obtenus et ce que de nouvelles etudes pourraient apporter. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die kindlichen Laute Der Kindesschrei ist ein notwendiges Signal, das zu den lebenswichtigen Funktionen Atmung und Ernahrung in Zusammenhang steht. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Uberblick iiber das relativ neue Untersuchungsgebiet der kindliche Schrei gegeben, um zu zeigen, was bisher auf diesem Gebiet bekannt ist, und um festzustellen welche weiteren Studien dafur sinnvoll waren. RESUMEN Los sonidos en el lactante El llanto del lactante es un signo imperativo en relacion con las funciones vitales de respiration y nutrition. El campo de estudio relativamente nuevo del llanto del lactante es estudiado en esta comunicacion con el objeto de demostrar lo que ya se ha conseguido y considerar que estudio futuro debe realizarse.
A Study of the Starting Characteristics of an Unlubricated Journal Bearing

The complicated motion of the journal in an unlubricated bearing in response to an applied torque is analyzed. The theory identifies the conditions for various distinct modes of motion to occur, including the «dry friction whirl» cited in the literature. The crucial dependence of the motion on the friction coefficient and the normal and tangential retitution coefficients, as revealed by the theory, suggest that perhaps these latter parameters of motion can be determined by measuring the journal's motion in an unlubricated journal bearing
Prospective multivariate analysis of clinical, endoscopic, and histological factors predictive of the development of Barrett's multifocal high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma

Prospective multivariate analysis of clinical, endoscopic, and histological factors predictive of the development of Barrett's multifocal high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma
Multivariate predictors of failure after flap coverage of pressure ulcers

Background:Pressure ulcers are estimated to be present in more than one-third of patients with spinal cord injury. The rate of recurrence after flap surgery over last 50 years has ranged between 3 and 82 percent, with no trend toward improvement. This study seeks to identify and evaluate patient and
NMDA receptor hypofunction produces concomitant firing rate potentiation and burst activity reduction in the prefrontal cortex

Cognitive deficits associated with frontal lobe dysfunction are a determinant of long-term disability in schizophrenia and are not effectively treated with available medications. Clinical studies show that many aspects of these deficits are transiently induced in healthy individuals treated with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists. These findings and recent genetic linkage studies strongly implicate NMDA receptor deficiency in schizophrenia and suggest that reversing this deficiency is pertinent to treating the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Despite the wealth of behavioral data on the effects of NMDA antagonist treatment in humans and laboratory animals, there is a fundamental lack of understanding about the mechanisms by which a general state of NMDA deficiency influences the function of cortical neurons. Using ensemble recording in freely moving rats, we found that NMDA antagonist treatment, at doses that impaired working memory, potentiated the firing rate of most prefrontal cortex neurons. This potentiation, which correlated with expression of behavioral stereotypy, resulted from an increased number of irregularly discharged single spikes. Concurrent with the increase in spike activity, there was a significant reduction in organized bursting activity. These results identify two distinct mechanisms by which NMDA receptor deficiency may disrupt frontal lobe function: an increase in disorganized spike activity, which may enhance cortical noise and transmission of disinformation; and a decrease in burst activity, which reduces transmission efficacy of cortical neurons. These findings provide a physiological basis for the NMDA receptor deficiency model of schizophrenia and may clarify the nature of cortical dysfunction in this disease.
Genetic and Environmental Continuity in Personality Development: A Meta-Analysis

The longitudinal stability of personality is low in childhood but increases substantially into adulthood. Theoretical explanations for this trend differ in the emphasis placed on intrinsic maturation and socializing influences. To what extent does the increasing stability of personality result from the continuity and crystallization of genetically influenced individual differences, and to what extent does the increasing stability of life experiences explain increases in personality trait stability? Behavioral genetic studies, which decompose longitudinal stability into sources associated with genetic and environmental variation, can help to address this question. We aggregated effect sizes from 24 longitudinal behavioral genetic studies containing information on a total of 21,057 sibling pairs from 6 types that varied in terms of genetic relatedness and ranged in age from infancy to old age. A combination of linear and nonlinear meta-analytic regression models were used to evaluate age trends in levels of heritability and environmentality, stabilities of genetic and environmental effects, and the contributions of genetic and environmental effects to overall phenotypic stability. Both the genetic and environmental influences on personality increase in stability with age. The contribution of genetic effects to phenotypic stability is moderate in magnitude and relatively constant with age, in part because of small-to-moderate decreases in the heritability of personality over child development that offset increases in genetic stability. In contrast, the contribution of environmental effects to phenotypic stability increases from near zero in early childhood to moderate in adulthood. The life-span trend of increasing phenotypic stability, therefore, predominantly results from environmental mechanisms.
Cross-platform architecture of a sequence boundary in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate lithofacies, Middle Cambrian, southern Great Basin, USA

Stratigraphic analysis of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate lithofacies within the Middle Cambrian Bonanza King Formation of the southern Great Basin reveals three distinct facies associations that record a range of depositional environments from semi-arid tidal flats to deeper subtidal, restricted lagoons. Stratigraphic trends, cross-platform facies variations and correlation of individual surfaces across 250 km of the study area suggest that these mixed lithofacies were deposited in three temporally distinct phases. (1) Extensive progradation of mixed peritidal environments culminated in a prolonged episode of subaerial exposure marked by an areally extensive intraclast breccia (0·5–1·2 m thick) that we interpret to be a major Type 1 sequence-bounding disconformity. (2) Abrupt flooding of the exposed platform resulted in the deposition of mixed deeper subtidal lithofacies, including a condensed interval of fissile, fossiliferous shale. (3) Progressive shallowing and aggradational accumulation was accompanied by a decrease in siliciclastics and a shift to pure carbonate deposition. Deep-water siliciclastics and megabreccias record deposition along the base-of-slope off the Middle Cambrian shelf-edge, and are interpreted to represent lowstand deposits emplaced during the prolonged episode of subaerial exposure of the shallow shelf. The presence of fine siliciclastics in both peritidal facies and sharply overlying deeper subtidal facies of the study interval within the Bonanza King suggests a variable, but relatively continuous, influx of terrigenous material throughout an extended period of accommodation change, apparently asynchronous with respect to the predictive model of reciprocal sedimentation. We suggest that the primary siliciclastic source changed with relative sea-level position. During lowered sea level, aeolian processes acting upon the unvegetated Cambrian craton transported fine siliciclastics onto peritidal and shallow-subtidal environments. During higher sea level, coastal siliciclastic reservoirs supplied sediment that was transported for long distances by geostrophic currents flowing along the submerged platform. As opposed to many Cambro-Ordovician grand cycles that are commonly interpreted to consist of a transgressive shaly half-cycle grading upward into a regressive carbonate half-cycle, the sequence boundary within this Middle Cambrian succession occurs within siliciclastic-rich, mixed lithofacies rather than in adjoining purer carbonates, implying that some ‘grand cycles’ should not be considered synonymous with ‘sequences’. Interbasinal correlations of the Type 1 sequence boundary within the mixed unit are speculative, primarily because of the inherent imprecision of available trilobite biostratigraphy. However, there is evidence that an extended episode of subaerial exposure may have been continent-wide during the Ehmaniella trilobite biochron.
Clinical analysis of 165 cases of condyloma acuminati treated with carbon dioxide laser

The writer has analyzed treatment of 299 cases of condylomatous acuminata. The best results were in 165 cases treated with carbon dioxide laser, cure rate was 98.18%. Cure rate with freezing was 62.1% or less, cure rate with 5-FU was 56.4%, cure rate with laser for only one application was 81.2%. For 1 - 6 months of follow up we did not see recurrence of the disease. The creative effect was very satisfying. Baggish thought laser cure rates in foreign countries were about 95% while the writer reports a laser cure rate of 98.18%. It is better than the foreign report.
Conformational stability of atropisomeric 1-naphthylcarbinols and 1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamines

The stereodynamics of atropisomeric 1-naphthylcarbinols and 1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamines exhibiting two stereogenic elements, i.e. a chiral center and a chiral axis, were investigated. PM3 calculations suggest that these atropisomers populate two major conformations bearing the most sterically demanding group perpendicular to the naphthalene moiety. Due to its high conformational stability, the atropisomers of 1-(1-naphthyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol can be separated by HPLC at room temperature. Kinetic studies revealed a free energy of activation for rotation about the chiral axis of 158 kJ/mol. Incorporation of less bulky substituents into the stereogenic center of this class of atropisomers results in significantly reduced steric hindrance to isomerization. The conformational stability of N,N′-dibutyl-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine was determined as 75.9 kJ/mol by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy.
Effects of TMF heating rates on damage accumulation and resultant mechanical behavior of Sn–Ag based solder joints

Abstract Solder joint reliability depends on several service parameters such as temperature extremes encountered, dwell times at these temperatures, and the ramp-rates representing the rate at which the temperature changes are imposed. TMF of Sn–Ag based solder alloy joints of realistic dimensions were carried out with dwell of 115 min and 20 min at 150 °C and −15 °C, respectively. Different heating rates were obtained by controlling the power input during heating part of TMF cycles. Surface damage and residual mechanical strength of these solder joints were characterized after 0, 250, 500, and 1000 TMF cycles to evaluate the role of TMF heating rate on the solder joint integrity.
Intermediate valence in single crystals of (Lu1−xY bx)3Rh4Ge13 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1)

Single crystals of (Lu1−xY bx)3Rh4Ge13 were characterized by magnetization, specific heat, and electrical resistivity measurements. Doping Yb into the non-magnetic Lu3Rh4Ge13 compound tunes this cubic system’s properties from a superconductor with disordered metal normal state (x < 0.05) to a Kondo for 0.05 ≤ x ≤0.2 and intermediate valence at the highest Yb concentrations. The evidence for intermediate Yb valence comes from a broad maximum in the magnetic susceptibility and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the resistivity displays a local maximum at finite temperatures at intermediate compositions x, followed by apparent metallic behavior closest to the Yb end compound in the series.
Using Global Network Alignment In The Context Of Aging

Analogous to sequence alignment, network alignment (NA) can be used to transfer biological knowledge across species between conserved network regions. This is important when studying human aging: since human aging is hard to study experimentally due to long lifespan, the knowledge about aging needs to be transferred from model species. NA faces two algorithmic challenges: 1) Which cost function to use to capture "similarities" between nodes in different networks? 2) Which alignment strategy to use to rapidly identify "high-scoring" alignments from all possible alignments? Since existing NA methods typically use both different cost functions and different alignment strategies, we "break down" existing state-of-the-art methods to evaluate each combination of their cost functions and alignment strategies. We find that a combination of the cost function of one method and the alignment strategy of another method beats the existing methods. Hence, we propose this combination as a novel superior NA method. Since susceptibility to diseases increases with age, studying aging is important. Thus, we use the existing and new NA methods to transfer aging-related knowledge from well annotated species to poorly annotated ones between aligned network regions. By doing so, we produce novel aging-related information, which complements currently available information about aging that has been obtained mainly by sequence alignment, especially in human. To our knowledge, we are the first to use NA to learn more about aging. This work was published as a full paper in Proceedings of ACM BCB 2013.
Students’ Reactions to Cheating: An Examination of the Effects of Confession on Forgiveness and Emotions

This study found that cheaters who confessed elicited greater positive emotions, less negative emotions, and a greater degree of forgiveness.
The Relationship between Identity Status, Locus of Control, and Ego Development.

Based upon the assumption that identity status, locus of control, and ego stage development are interrelated psychological mechanisms that screen and filter social stimuli, a comparison of the three psychological constructs was completed using 294 college students. Identity achievement students were found to be more advanced in their ego stage development and level of internality, while diffusion students were less advanced. Contrary to expectations, no evidence was found for intraindividual development based upon cross-sectional data.
On the Applicability of Nonoscillatory Hyperbolic Solvers to Splitting-Method Solutions of the Boltzmann Equation

We use various weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) schemes to calculate the advection (free-transport) step of a splitting-method solver for the Boltzmann equation with hard-sphere collisions. The collision integral is calculated using a fast spectral method recently proposed by Filbet and colleagues (2006). For the advection step we consider three different WENO schemes for the purpose of spatial discretization, and use a total variation diminishing Runge-Kutta method for time-stepping. The WENO schemes differ only in terms of the underlying flux scheme (Godunov, Lax-Friedrichs, or Rusanov). We use the one-dimensional shock profile as a test problem, comparing the WENO methods among themselves, and also with a positive flux conservation (PFC) method (Filbet and Russo, 2004) and with Bird’s well-known direct simulation Monte Carlo method. Our results show that the WENO-Godunov method produces accurate and stable shock solutions in good agreement with the Monte Carlo results, whereas solutions obtai...
Partitioning of hydrophobic CdSe quantum dots into aqueous dispersions of humic substances: Influence of capping-group functionality on the phase-transfer mechanism

Abstract Studies of the fate and transport of engineered nanomaterials are invaluable in predicting environmental impact, bioavailability, and toxicity. We report on the influence of humic and fulvic acids (models of natural organic matter) on the phase transfer of organic-capped CdSe quantum dots (QDs) from hexane to water. QDs capped with tri- n -octylphosphine oxide, tetradecylphosphonic acid, and oleic acid, which were otherwise insoluble in water, were transferred into aqueous solutions of humic substances (HS) (Suwannee River humic acid and fulvic acid standards) within 1–10 days after mixing. Phase transfer was characterized by infrared and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, emission spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Phase-transferred QDs were intact and temporarily stabilized by HS. On longer timescales, Cd 2+ leached into aqueous solution. Our data suggest that two mechanisms promote the phase transfer of QD–HS agglomerates: (1) an overcoating mechanism involving dispersion interactions between non-polar moieties of HS and hydrocarbon chains of organic capping groups and (2) a coordinative mechanism involving displacement of capping groups by Lewis basic functionalities of HS. The structure of the capping group of QDs influenced the relative contributions of the two mechanisms and the extent to which Cd 2+ leached into water.
An explanation for the determination of “self” versus “non-self” proteins

Abstract Deamidation of proteins, which has been linked to turnover, results in the production of a different protein—different in sequence and shape. It is proposed that this is the protein which is normally encountered by the immune system and is therefore viewed as “self”. If the protein in the form in which it exists in situ is released through disease, or introduced by artificial means, it would then be recognized as “non-self.” This is offered as a hypothesis to explain autoimmune response to the basic protein of myelin.