cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SEPARATION OF LYMPHOCYTES, POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES AND MONOCYTES ON GLASS COLUMNS, INCLUDING TISSUE CULTURE OBSERVATIONS.

A procedure was described for the separation of lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes and monocytes on Garvin’s glass bead columns. Dextran-sedimented leukocyte suspensions were added to columns and incubated at 37 C. Lymphocytes were eluted with fresh serum. The columns were then washed completely free of erythrocytes, platelets and lymphocytes while PMN leukocytes and monocytes continued to adhere. PMN leukocytes and monocytes were released from the glass with EDTA. Monocytes appeared in the effluents somewhat later than the PMN leukocytes, permitting a separation. A fresh serum, heat labile, Ca+ +- and Mg+ +-requiring PMN leukocyte and monocyte adherence promoting factor was demonstrated and found to be essential to the procedure. The viability of column-separated cells was shown by their non-staining with trypan blue, motility, phagocytic ability, oxygen consumption, and survival or development in tissue culture. In tissue culture, macrophages developed only from monocytes, whereas Nowell’s blast-like, dividing, phytohemagglutinin cells were produced only in cultures containing lymphocytes.
Patient decision-making and clinical outcomes following endoscopic therapy or esophagectomy for Barrett’s neoplasia

Background and study aims The objective of this study was to assess patient involvement in decision-making, decision confidence, and decision regret among patients who had undergone endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) or esophagectomy for Barrett’s esophagus (BE) associated neoplasia. Patients and methods Patients with BE high grade dysplasia or intramucosal (T1a) adenocarcinoma who had undergone EET or esophagectomy were invited to complete a survey. Results The cohort included 50 subjects, 70 % (35/50) of whom had undergone EET and 30 % (15/50) of whom had undergone esophagectomy. Subjects who underwent esophagectomy were more likely to report post-treatment dysphagia (47 % vs 14 %, P = 0.03), post-treatment dietary modification (73 % vs 6 %, P Conclusions Patients who have undergone EET or surgery for BE neoplasia report a high degree of involvement in the decision-making process. Although EET patients report fewer symptom-specific outcomes, measures of decision confidence and decision regret do not differ between the two treatment groups.
Voltage-load sensitivity matrix based demand response for voltage control in high solar penetration distribution feeders

This paper presents a voltage-load sensitivity matrix (VLSM) based voltage control method to deploy demand response resources for controlling voltage in high solar penetration distribution feeders. The IEEE 123-bus system in OpenDSS is used for testing the performance of the preliminary VLSM-based voltage control approach. A load disaggregation process is applied to disaggregate the total load profile at the feeder head to each load nodes along the feeder so that loads are modeled at residential house level. Measured solar generation profiles are used in the simulation to model the impact of solar power on distribution feeder voltage profiles. Different case studies involving various PV penetration levels and installation locations have been performed. Simulation results show that the VLSM algorithm performance meets the voltage control requirements and is an effective voltage control strategy.
Ephemeral Communication and Communication Places

In this paper, we present the preliminary results from an interview study of ten undergraduate students on instant messaging applications. We focus on how participants used both features of the applications and perceived atmosphere to determine how to manage their social network across multiple applications. Using qualitative methods, we identified factors of intimacy, playfulness, and ephemerality to play a key role in influencing the choice of messaging application.
Connections on higher order frame bundles

In the paper we present the analysis of connections on frame bundles of higher order contact, with special emphasis on the question of local flatness.
Are patients more likely to have hip osteoarthritis progression and femoral head collapse after hip steroid/anesthetic injections? A retrospective observational study.

To evaluate progression of osteoarthritis and femoral head articular surface collapse in hip steroid/anesthetic injection patients (HIPs). This study was IRB-approved and HIPAA-compliant. Two musculoskeletal radiologists performed retrospective, blinded reviews of radiography for 70 HIPs (40 mg triamcinolone/4 mL 0.5% preservative-free ropivacaine) with a 3- to 10-month follow-up and two control groups: demographic-matched patients with similar hip radiograph follow-up duration but no injection; and glenohumeral joint injection patients. Discordant evaluations were adjudicated by a third, senior reader. Groups were compared using Fisher’s exact and unpaired t tests. There were 70 HIPs (mean age 67 ± 17 (range 19–92) years; 44 women, 26 men), who were followed for a mean of 6 ± 2 (3–12) months. Thirty-one (31 out of 70, 44%) of HIPs had progression of osteoarthritis after injection, versus 17 out of 70 (24%) of hip controls (HCs) and 13 out of 44 (30%) of glenohumeral injection patients (GIPs). This difference between HIPs and HCs was statistically significant (p = 0.02) but not that between HIPs and GIPs (0.17). Twelve (12 out of 70, 17%) HIPs had new collapse, compared with 1 out of 70 (1%) of HCs and 1 out of 44 (2%) of GIPs. This difference was statistically significant (HCs: p = 0.002; GIPs: p = 0.02). Hip steroid/anesthetic injection patients are more likely to demonstrate osteoarthritis progression and femoral head collapse than HC and GIPs in the injected joint 3–12 months after steroid and anesthetic injection. Further evaluation of hip injectates and the injection population is warranted.
The Rise of Trump, the Fall of Prejudice? Tracking White Americans' Racial Attitudes 2008-2018 via a Panel Survey

In his campaign and first few years in office, Donald Trump consistently defied contemporary norms by using explicit, negative rhetoric targeting ethnic/racial minorities. Did this rhetoric lead white Americans to express more or less prejudiced views of African Americans or Hispanics, whether through changing norms around racial prejudice or other mechanisms? We assess that question using a 13-wave panel conducted with a population-based sample of Americans between 2008 and 2018. We find that via most measures, white Americans' expressed anti-Black and anti-Hispanic prejudice declined after Trump's political emergence, and we can rule out even small increases in the expression of prejudice. These results suggest the limits of racially charged rhetoric's capacity to heighten prejudice among white Americans overall. They also indicate that rather than being a fixed predisposition, prejudice can shift by reacting against changing presidential rhetoric.
Chronic Fish Oil Consumption with Resistance Training Improves Grip Strength, Physical Function, and Blood Pressure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Fish oil (FO) has received great attention for its health-enhancing properties. However, its potential synergistic effects with resistance training (RT) are not well established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of FO supplementation during 12-weeks of RT on handgrip strength, physical function, and blood pressure (BP) in community-dwelling older adults. Twenty-eight healthy older adults (10 males, 18 females; 66.5 ± 5.0 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: Control (CON), resistance training (RT), resistance training with FO (RTFO). Handgrip strength, physical function [five times sit-to-stand (5T-STS), timed up and go (TUG), 6-m walk (6MW), 30-s sit-to-stand (30S-STS)], and BP were measured pre- and post-intervention. ANOVA was used with significance set at P ≤ 0.05. Handgrip strength significantly increased in RT (+5.3%) and RTFO (+9.4%) but decreased in CON (−3.9%). All physical function outcomes increased in RT and RTFO. CON exhibited significantly decreased TUG and 30S-STS with no change in 5T-STS and 6MW. BP substantially decreased only in RTFO, systolic blood pressure (−7.8 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (−4.5 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (−5.6 mmHg), while no change was found in CON and RT. Chronic RT enhanced strength and physical function, while FO consumption combined with RT improved BP in community-dwelling older adults.
The yoga–meditation heart connection: A pilot study looking to improve women's heart health

Background: Stress, anxiety, and depression are nontraditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) that are more common in women. For nearly four decades, we have seen a steady decline in the number of deaths in women related to heart disease, especially in those >65 years old. However, recent data suggests there has been a stagnation among women
A Survey of Intelligent Transportation Systems Security: Challenges and Solutions

Incorporation of intelligence is becoming an increasingly important part of the transportation system. Attacks on the transportation infrastructure have been limited, but as more vehicles become connected, the threat for cyberattacks increases and hence the need to secure Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for individual vehicles and public transportation. Security of these systems is crucial for the safe and efficient transportation. Solutions can be introduced to address the vulnerabilities of systems, overcome the external threats to the systems, and to reduce the risks of attacks that can be faced by ITS. The purpose of this research is to provide a survey of the ITS security challenges and solutions that can be implemented to prevent and/or overcome security breaches to ITS. We also provide recommendations for implementation of improved security techniques and programs to protect ITS.
Improving the Quality of Systematic Reviews in Public Health: Introduction to the Series

[ ]the series will outline future directions for methods development that is needed to tackle areas of debate or uncertainty [ ]the efficacy of COVID-19 public health measures-such as isolation, social supports to improve mental health during isolation, quarantine, social distancing, and travel bans-is rarely studied using randomized controlled trials The precautionary principle implies that there is a social responsibility to protect the public from exposure to harm when scientific investigation has found a plausible, though uncertain, risk [ ]public health policymakers may be more likely to act to protect someone from an exposure even when harm is uncertain than they would to treat someone with a medicine when efficacy of an intervention is uncertain
Oculofacial plastic surgery-related online search trends including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The authors aim to characterize oculofacial plastic surgery-related online interest that may be useful in forecasting demand and in designing patient-directed online resources.Methods: The...
Blood oxidative stress and post-exercise recovery are unaffected byhypobaric and hypoxic environments.

Hypobaria and hypoxia exert independent effects on oxidative stress during exercise, while combined effectson the post-exercise recovery period remain unclear.Accordingly, this study examined the r...
Teaching the Methods of Teaching CS

In order to fully prepare high-quality teachers to deliver on the promise of CS for All, teacher preparation programs must ensure teacher candidates have mastered both content and the pedagogy to teach that content well. University CS departments are well-positioned to teach the content, but "methods courses" are an important source of pedagogical and pedagogical content knowledge for future computer science teachers. This panel will describe a variety of approaches: Colleges of Education or CS departments; in-person, hybrid, or online course delivery; and standalone "CS Methods" courses or CS integrated in broader methods courses. Each panelist will describe their course. The moderator will elicit common features between the courses as well as the strengths and weaknesses between different approaches.
Transparency and Innovation in Institutional Investing: How To Unlock Beneficial Investment Organizations’ Capital for Society’s Critical Projects

America is struggling with many long-term problems, such as aging infrastructure, the imperilment of social security, environmental degradation, and a vulnerable healthcare system. Capital from beneficial investment organizations (BIOs) in the US (e.g., public pension funds, endowments) could help in resolving many of these problems. However, a lack of transparency impairs BIOs’ ability to support the long-term investments needed to tackle the above problems. Weak transparency among BIOs also costs US beneficiaries and taxpayers hundreds of billions of dollars each year, by contributing to BIOs’ paying excessive fees and costs; taking unwanted and avoidable risks; and chronically underperforming. Improving reporting and disclosure standards for US BIOs should increase their risk-adjusted net performance, as well as their capacities to innovate. These changes will enable BIOs to better serve their beneficiaries and American society over the long term. US BIOs are unlikely to spontaneously improve their reporting and disclosure practices. Policy interventions will be needed to achieve greater transparency. Several policy pathways are available to the Biden Administration. The most immediately actionable of these involves launching a Presidential Advisory Commission via Executive Order, although we describe many different paths.
Influence of the Defect Stability on n-Type Conductivity in Electron-Doped α- and β-Co(OH) 2 Nanosheets.

Electronic doping of transition-metal oxides (TMOs) is typically accomplished through the synthesis of nonstoichiometric oxide compositions and the subsequent ionization of intrinsic lattice defects. As a result, ambipolar doping of wide-band-gap TMOs is difficult to achieve because the formation energies and stabilities of vacancy and interstitial defects vary widely as a function of the oxide composition and crystal structure. The facile formation of lattice defects for one carrier type is frequently paired with the high-energy and unstable generation of defects required for the opposite carrier polarity. Previous work from our group showed that the brucite (β-phase) layered metal hydroxides of Co and Ni, intrinsically p-type materials in their anhydrous three-dimensional forms, could be n-doped using a strong chemical reductant. In this work, we extend the electron-doping study to the α polymorph of Co(OH)2 and elucidate the defects responsible for n-type doping in these two-dimensional materials. Through structural and electronic comparisons between the α, β, and rock-salt structures within the cobalt (hydr)oxide family of materials, we show that both layered structures exhibit facile formation of anion vacancies, the necessary defect for n-type doping, that are not accessible in the cubic CoO structure. However, the brucite polymorph is much more stable to reductive decomposition in the presence of doped electrons because of its tighter layer-to-layer stacking and octahedral coordination geometry, which results in a maximum conductivity of 10-4 S/cm, 2 orders of magnitude higher than the maximum value attainable on the α-Co(OH)2 structure.
Correlation between speed and turning naturally arises for sparsely sampled cell movements

Mechanisms regulating cell movement are not fully understood. One feature of cell movement that determines how far cells displace from an initial position is persistence, the ability to traverse in a direction similar to previous direction, determined by turning angles between two sequential displacements. Recent studies found that a cell9s average speed and turning are negatively correlated, suggesting a fundamental cell-intrinsic program whereby cells with lower turning ability (i.e., larger persistence) are intrinsically faster. Using simulations, we show that a negative correlation between the measured average cell speed and turning angle naturally arises for cells undergoing a correlated random walk due to sub-sampling, i.e., when frequency of sampling is lower than frequency at which cells make movements. Assuming heterogeneity in persistence and intrinsic speeds of individual cells results in a negative correlation between average speed and turning angle that resembles experimentally observed correlations. Changing the frequency of imaging or calculating displacement of cohorts of cells with different speeds resulted in similar results whether or not there is a cell-intrinsic correlation between cell speed and persistence, and we find many different parameter sets that allow to approximately match experimental data binned into cell cohorts. Interestingly, reanalysis of T cell movements in zebrafish showed that the observed correlation between persistence and speed is sensitive to sampling frequency, disappearing for coarsely sampled data. Our results challenge an established paradigm that persistent cells have intrinsically faster speeds and emphasize the role of sampling frequency have on inference of critical cellular mechanisms of cell motility.
Simultaneous cochlear implantation and ipsilateral branchial cleft fistula excision in a pediatric patient

Abstract Branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR), also known as Melnick-Fraser Syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder resulting from a mutation of the EYA-1 gene and characterized by branchial cysts or fistulas, ear anomalies, hearing loss, agenesis or hypoplasia of the kidneys, and chronic renal disease. We describe a unique surgical case of a branchial cleft fistula excision and concurrent ipsilateral cochlear implantation in a pediatric patient with BOR. A 2-year-old female presented with a right draining second branchial cleft fistula and severe bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss due to bilateral cochlear dysplasia and cochlear nerve hypoplasia. She had previously undergone a left cochlear implant and was diagnosed with BOR. Her parents were interested in a sequential right cochlear implant as she was demonstrating excellent function with her left implant. A computed tomography fistulogram with an injection of contrast dye into the external orifice of the draining structure revealed a fistula connecting the small pit in the right lateral neck to the area of the tonsillar fossa in the oropharynx suggesting the presence of a second branchial cleft anomaly. She underwent simultaneous tonsillectomy, right branchial fistula excision, and right cochlear implant surgery under one exposure to general anesthesia. This is a unique case where special consideration must be taken with the order of procedures, consolidation or separation of the surgeries, and the use of monopolar cautery.
Impact of Early Palliative Care on End-of-Life Outcomes in Hematologic Malignancies.

Background: Patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) receive more disease directed care at the end of life (EOL) and often die in the hospital. The impact of early palliative care (PC) consultation on EOL quality outcomes in HMs has not been well described. Objectives: In 2017 we embedded a PC specialist within our inpatient malignant hematology team at our hospital in Providence, Rhode Island to facilitate the use of early PC. We sought to determine if this practice was accompanied by a shift in EOL outcomes. Design/Setting: We conducted a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at our institution in the two years before (Cohort A) and after (Cohort B) insertion of a PC specialist. We identified patients who received a PC consultation and whether it was early or late. We then examined EOL quality outcomes: hospitalizations and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in the last 30 days of life, chemotherapy use in the last 14 days of life, use of hospice, and death out of hospital. Results: Among 139 AML patients, 46 in Cohort A and 93 in Cohort B, we identified 34 and 47 decedents in each cohort, respectively. There was no significant improvement in EOL outcomes between Cohort A and B or among patients receiving early PC (p > 0.05); however, PC in general across all cohorts was associated with significant increase in hospice use and fewer ICU admissions (p = 0.016 and 0.0043, respectively). Conclusion: Earlier PC consultation in AML was not significantly associated with improvement in EOL quality outcomes; however, PC use in general was with improvement in use of hospice and ICU utilization. Further studies are needed to more definitively examine the relationship between early PC and EOL outcomes in patients with HMs and to examine non EOL outcomes such as patient experience and quality-of-life measures.
LASERS WITHOUT PHOTONS

The concept of lasers without inversion introduced some time ago by my colleague Steve Harris (1989) has not only added to his fame but spawned a world-wide industry, as evidenced by other papers in this volume. It seems appropriate, therefore, to consider the complementary concept of “lasers without photons”. Lasers without photons are of course easy to obtain: a laser which fails to operate is evidently a laser without photons. There can be a more serious interpretation of the phrase, however, and it is this interpretation that provides the title for this manuscript.
Biochemistry of carbohydrate-protein interaction.

Recognition of glycoconjugates is an important event in biological systems, and is frequently in the form of carbohydrate-protein interactions. To thoroughly understand these interactions, well-defined carbohydrate ligands must be available. Naturally derived glycoconjugates can be highly purified, and their structures (including conformational structures) can be elucidated to provide such ligands. This requires highly effective methods of separation, such as various forms of high-performance liquid chromatography. Alternatively, structurally well-defined glycoconjugates can be synthesized for this purpose. These include conjugates of carbohydrate derivatives to proteins, lipids, and nonbiological carriers and polymers. The efficacy of these conjugates is amply demonstrated in the studies of carbohydrate-binding proteins from animals. Hepatic carbohydrate receptors, requiring calcium for binding, recognize only the terminal sugar residues. Although different sugar specificities are manifested by different...
Los determinantes de la indisciplina partidaria. Apuntes sobre la conexión electoral en el congreso mexicano, 2000-2003

Democracy and electoral competitiveness have changed the Mexican political landscape in many ways. Among other phenomena, the electoral connection that had long been overlooked could now be reconsidered as a dynamic that influences voting behavior in Congress. In the absence of immediate reelection, it is suggested that legislators develop a pattern of progressive ambition, which makes them care about voters preferences. The hypothesis says that the ideological location of the electorate at the state level and presidential popularity are correlated with the way legislators vote, and explain why some congressmen deviate from their party stand during roll calls, whereas others do not. This hypothesis is preliminarily supported by the available data.
Fluorescein isothiocyanate specifically modifies lysine 338 of cytochrome P-450scc and inhibits adrenodoxin binding.

Treatment of cytochrome P-450scc with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) resulted in covalent labeling with 1.0 ± 0.1 eq of FITC. Reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography of tryptic and chymotryptic digests of the labeled protein revealed that a single FITC-labeled peptide accounted for 75% of the label. This peptide was found to be specifically labeled at lysine 338 by amino acid sequencing. The modification of lysine 338 with FITC resulted in 85 ± 15% inhibition of adrenodoxin binding to cytochrome P-450scc. In a complementary experiment it was found that if a complex between adrenodoxin and native cytochrome P-450scc was formed in the presence of cholesterol and then treated with FITC, there was almost no labeling of lysine 338. The modification of lysine 338 by FITC was not inhibited by 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol, the first intermediate in the side chain cleavage reaction which binds to the active site 300 times more tightly than cholesterol itself. These experiments suggest that lysine 338 is located at the binding site for adrenodoxin and electrostatically interacts with one of the carboxylate groups on adrenodoxin that has been implicated in binding. The fluorescence emission of the FITC label on cytochrome P-450scc was only 14% as large as that of an equivalent concentration of FITC-labeled bovine serum albumin, suggesting that it was quenched by Forster energy transfer to the heme group.
A potential approach to spinor quarks

By choosing a special potential for a Dirac spinor, one can obtain linear fermionic Regge trajectories without parity doubling.
Dantrolene-induced inhibition of insulin release. A mechanism independent of effects on calcium fluxes.

Abstract Dantrolene is felt to inhibit the release of Ca 2+ from vesicular stores but only in response to certain stimuli; the mechanism responsible for its effects is unclear. Since our recent studies implicated arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids in Ca 2+ mobilization and insulin release from pancreatic islets, we have now examined the effect of dantrolene on fatty acid-induced 45 Ca 2+ efflux and insulin release. Dantrolene inhibited insulin secretion induced by exogenous unsaturated fatty acids as well as that caused by endogenous fatty acids (generated via the exogenous provision of pancreatic phospholipase A 2 , or by p -hydroxymercuribenzoic acid, which prevents the reacylation of free fatty acids). In contrast, the effects of 50 mM K + , 2mM BaCl 2 , 1 mM isobutylmethylxanthine or lyso-phosphatidylcholine were not impaired, suggesting that dantrolene does not inhibit nonspecifically the influx, mobilization or cellular effects of Ca 2+ , or poison exocytosis in general. However, dantrolene did reduce insulin secretion triggered by 12- O -tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, mezerein or exogenous phospholipase C, all of which can activate protein kinase C; this inhibition was not accompanied by alterations in 45 Ca 2+ efflux. Furthermore, the 45 Ca 2+ efflux induced by phospholipase A 2 or p -hydroxymercuribenzoic acid was not reduced by dantrolene. We conclude that the insulin secretion stimulated by unsaturated fatty acids involves two effects (one on Ca 2+ fluxes, and one independent of Ca 2+ mobilization). Dantrolene, in turn, may selectively probe such fatty acid-dependent insulin release; its inhibitory effect is predominantly, if not totally, independent of effects on Ca 2+ fluxes, and may involve the inhibition of the effects of protein kinase C on exocytosis.
Anesthesia for Nonobstetric Surgery During Pregnancy

It has been estimated that every year in the United States about 50,000 pregnant women (0.5–2.2%) will receive anesthesia for various surgical indications during their pregnancy. The purpose of this surgery may be (1) to prolong gestation, (2) unrelated to the pregnancy, or (3) to correct fetal anomalies. Hence, an understanding of the effects of different anesthetic drugs and techniques on the mother and fetus is essential to the safe administration of anesthesia to pregnant women undergoing surgery. Recently, a question of preoperative pregnancy testing in adolescents has been raised. The authors observed retrospectively 412 adolescent women undergoing surgery.
Theory of vibration-rotation interactions in spherical top molecules: Part I. A new overtone band

Abstract The possibility of a new overtone band in the infrared absorption spectrum of tetrahedral XY4 molecules is investigated theoretically. This band is associated with the E vibrational part of the first overtone of an infrared active fundamental. The new band is active only through vibration-rotation interactions. Its intensity is very small compared to that of the F2 vibrational part of the same overtone. Formulas for relative intensities and matrix elements of the Hamiltonian are calculated. The selection rules imply a single P, Q, and R branch. The tetrahedral splittings of the vibration-rotation levels are determined by only two parameters: Dt and γ′ 3t ≡ 1 3 (Z 3s + 6Z 3t ) . A possible favorable case for the observation of the band may be CD4 at about 4700 cm−1. With the assumption that γ′3t ⪢ Dt, the tetrahedral splittings and relative intensities are calculated numerically through J = 7 for this case.
University Policy and Procedural Responses to Students at Risk of Suicide

Colleges and universities have recently faced several lawsuits brought by parents of students who have committed suicide or made suicide attempts. The lawsuits are based on varying claims, including negligence, breach of contact, and discrimination. In crafting policies to respond to these lawsuits, universities should not simply seek limiting institutional liability but should balance the private interest of their students, the relationship of the school to parents of the students, requirements of due process, and their commitment to antidiscrimination principles.This paper focuses on the current procedural protections in university policies handling students at risk of suicide. I argue that suicidal ideation or attempt should not be treated as if the student has committed a disciplinary infraction, but should be treated as a mental health issue that should therefore not trigger a disciplinary proceeding. However, institutions should not be so quick to dismiss using disciplinary proceedings as a last resort since such a process affords students protections of minimal due process. I propose that the objectives of procedural due process, fairness, preserving the student-institutional relationship, and fact-finding in this situation should include an intermediate mediation step before resorting to disciplinary hearings or involuntary medical withdrawal.
MEXICAN VOLVANIC BELT: AN INTRAPLATE TRANSFORM?

La evidencia temporal y "geometrica" sugiere que varios eventos regionales tectonicos fueron contribuyentes de mucha importancia durante la evolucion del Cinturon Volcanico Mexicano (CVM). Estos incluyen (1) el desarrollo de una zona tectonica de debilidad en el area del actual CVM, seguido durante la epoca cenozoica por (2) actividad tectonica en la region caribe, que incluye la difusion a lo largo del fondo del mar en la depresion Caiman (3) cesacion progresiva de subduccion hacia el Sur, a lo largo de la costa poniente de Norteamerica y Centroamerica, y (4) desarrollo del proto-Golfo, el Golfo de California, y fallas de tipo “basin-and-range” (extensional) al norte del CVM. La zona de debilidad fijo el lugar y la orientacion del CVM. Posteriormente, en correspondencia con la cesacion de subduccion por la Costa de la America del Norte a la parte norte de la zona, se desarrollaron tectonicos extensionales. Al sur, por donde la subduccion tipo chileno prevalecia, no fue posible el tectonismo extensional. De este modo, la zona de debilidad llego a ser un cinturon de acomodacion, quizas asociado con extension interna, entre regiones de kinematicos estructurales contrastantes. En breve, llego a ser un transforme de tipo intraplaca (con fuga) [en el sentido de Davis, 1980], por donde fue posible y se localizo el volcanismo. Paradojicamente, esta interpretacion implica que el volcanismo a lo largo del CVM esta mas aliado a la cesacion de la subduccion al norte del CVM Que a la subduccion continua hacia el Sur. Tambien da a entender que el CVM es fundamentalmente diferente de los arcos volcanicos tipicos del borde pacifico.
Techniques for the parallelization of unstructured grid applications on multi-GPU systems

Currently the set of scientific applications suitable for running on GPUs has increased due to the computational power of GPUs and the availability of programming languages that make more approachable writing scientific applications for GPUs. However, as the size of the problems increases, the global memory of GPUs becomes a limitation for running applications.Multi-GPU systems can potentially make memory limited problems tractable by dividing the data and computation among several GPUs. Parallel execution is seriously limited by the (i) application data dependencies, and (ii) data transfers among GPUs.In this paper we analyze the potential for parallelization of unstructured grid applications based on the data dependencies of the algorithm and the amount of data communication required. Due to data dependencies and the required communication, data and task parallelization techniques present different communication overheads and computing devices utilization. Based on this analysis we propose a scheme that takes advantage of data and task parallelism and reduces the communication overhead through computation-communication overlap. Our OpenCL implementation reduces the communication overhead by 38%, and, for comparison purposes, a two GPU implementation provides almost a five-fold increase in performance as compared to a CPU implementation.
DNA mismatch repair defects and microsatellite instability status in periocular sebaceous carcinoma.

Purpose To characterize mismatch repair protein expression and the role of DNA repair abnormalities in sebaceous carcinomas of the ocular adnexa. Design Retrospective case-series study. Methods We reviewed 10 cases of sporadic sebaceous carcinoma and 1 case involving a patient with a family history consistent with Muir-Torre syndrome. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the presence of 4 mismatch repair proteins (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2) in these tumors. DNA was extracted from 7 of the larger tumors as well as from adjacent normal control tissue and microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis using 5 highly sensitive mononucleotides and 2 pentanucleotides was performed. Results All 10 sporadic periocular sebaceous carcinomas maintained strong staining of the 4 mismatch repair genes, while tumor from the patient with Muir-Torre syndrome showed loss of staining for the mismatch repair genes MSH2 and MSH6. MSI testing of 7 tumors identified no changes in sporadic cases and yielded results supporting presence of repeat sequence instability in the Muir-Torre–associated case. Conclusions Sporadic sebaceous carcinoma of the ocular adnexa is not commonly associated with a loss of mismatch repair genes or microsatellite instability.
Counterflow spray combustion modeling

A fuel spray planar counterflow flame has been modeled by means of a low-Mach-number boundary layer approach. The model considers density variations and full coupling between the two phases by means of a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation, with droplet drag and vaporization. A spherically symmetric, unsteady droplet model with variable properties has been employed. Conditions for similarity in such a two-phase, particle-laden reacting boundary layer have been determined. Similarity solutions have been derived that are valid at any distance from the stagnation point and for any liquid fuel concentration and droplet number density within the limits of negligible particle-particle interactions. Results for the specific calculation of a monodisperse n-octane spray flame are reported and discussed.
Integrin cytoplasmic domains: mediators of cytoskeletal linkages and extra- and intracellular initiated transmembrane signaling

Abstract The integrin cytoplasmic domains are generally short amino acid sequences that are highly divergent among α-subunits and partially conserved among β-subunits. Interest in them has increased over the past few years as they have been shown to mediate several kinds of transmembrane signaling events as well as structural connections between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton.
A user interface for a knowledge-based planning and scheduling system

The objective of EMPRESS (expert mission planning and replanning scheduling system) is to support the planning and scheduling required to prepare science and application payloads for flight aboard the US Space Shuttle. EMPRESS was designed and implemented in Zetalisp on a 3600 series Symbolics LISP machine. Initially, EMPRESS was built as a concept demonstration system. The system has since been modified and expanded to ensure that the data have integrity. Issues underlying the design and development of the EMPRESS-I interface, results from a system usability assessment, and consequent modifications are described. >
Urban/Rural Differences in Home Health Patients and Services

Using data from the Wisconsin Annual Survey of Home Health Agencies, we describe urban/rural differences for home health care patients. Our findings indicate that urban dwellers are more likely to be home health patients than are rural residents. Urban home health patients are more apt to be nonelderly, male, and have "other conditions" as their primary diagnosis. They are also likely to be more physically dependent and to receive home care longer. Urban home health patients are more typical of long-term care patients, whereas rural patients may be better described as recipients of postacute care, often recovering from diabetes and heart attacks. Possible problems with rural access to home health care are discussed.
Decrease in hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein–triglyceride secretion after weight loss is inversely associated with changes in circulating leptin

Aim: Although weight loss usually decreases very-low-density lipoprotein–triglyceride (VLDL-TG) secretion rate, the change in VLDL-TG kinetics is not directly related to the change in body weight. Circulating leptin also declines with weight loss and can affect hepatic lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine whether circulating leptin is associated with weight loss-induced changes in VLDL-TG secretion. Methods: Ten extremely obese subjects were studied. VLDL-TG secretion rate and the contribution of systemic (derived from lipolysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue TG) and non-systemic fatty acids (derived primarily from lipolysis of intrahepatic and intraperitoneal TG, and de novo lipogenesis) to VLDL-TG production were determined by using stable isotopically labelled tracer methods before and 1 year after gastric bypass surgery. Results: Subjects lost 33 ± 12% of body weight, and VLDL-TG secretion rate decreased by 46 ± 23% (p = 0.001), primarily because of a decrease in the secretion of VLDL-TG from non-systemic fatty acids (p = 0.002). Changes in VLDL-TG secretion rates were not significantly related to reductions in body weight, body mass index, plasma palmitate flux, free fatty acid or insulin concentrations. The change in VLDL-TG secretion was inversely correlated with the change in plasma leptin concentration (r = −0.72, p = 0.013), because of a negative association between changes in leptin and VLDL-TG secretion from non-systemic fatty acids (r = −0.95, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Weight loss-induced changes in plasma leptin concentration are inversely associated with changes in VLDL-TG secretion rate. Additional studies are needed to determine whether the correlation between circulating leptin and VLDL-TG secretion represents a cause-and-effect relationship.
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII presenting with isolated neonatal ascites.

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII (MPS VII) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme, β-glucuronidase. MPS VII has a wide variation in phenotypic expression, including presentation in the neonatal period with nonimmune hydrops fetalis. We report a neonate with MPS VII who initially presented with marked isolated ascites not associated with hydrops fetalis. This appears to be a novel finding in patients with MPS VII.
Sampling of CSF via the Cisterna Magna and Blood Collection via the Heart Affects Brain Water Content in a Rat SAH Model

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether sampling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via the cisterna magna and of blood via the heart affects brain water content in a rat subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. Twenty-nine animals were divided into four groups: sham-operated group with sampling of CSF and blood (Sham S+), sham-operated group without sampling of CSF and blood (Sham S−), SAH group with sampling of CSF and blood (SAH S+), and SAH without sampling of CSF and blood (SAH S−). SAH was induced via endovascular perforation of the left internal carotid artery bifurcation. Cerebrospinal fluid via the cisterna magna and blood via cardiac puncture was collected in the Sham S+ and SAH S+ groups before killing the animals for brain water content measurements. Left hemisphere brain water content was significantly higher in the SAH S− group compared with the Sham S− group (p< 0.05) and in Sham S+ group compared with the Sham S− group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in brain water content of the left hemisphere between the SAH S+ and Sham S+ groups (p=NS). There was no significant difference in brain water content in other parts of brains. Sampling of CSF and blood affected brain water content in Sham animals and therefore it is not accurate to use these values from Sham animals for comparison with SAH animals.
Experimental observations of electric quadrupole effects in the muonic spectra of 235U, 181Ta and 239Pu

Abstract The spectra of the 2p → 1s and 3d → 2p transitions in the muonic atoms of 235U, 181Ta and 239Pu were studied using a NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometer with an anticoincidence annulus of NaI(Tl). The effects caused by the electric quadrupole interaction between the muon and these nuclei were detected and the intrinsic quadrupole moments Q0 of 181Ta and 235U were measured. The intrinsic quadrupole moment of 239Pu was found to be large and positive.
Telemetry of Intracardiac Electrograms: Applications in Spontaneous and Induced Arrhythmias

In order to demonstrate the feasibility of dysrhythmia analysis by means of noninvasive intracardiac telemetry, a custom-modified AFP DDD pulse generator was attached to temporary pacing electrodes in 15 patients undergoing electrophysiology studies for a variety oftacliy- or bradyarrhythmias. Intracardiac atrial and ventricular electrograms were obtained during induction, termination, and drug intervention in patients with these arrhythmias. The telemetered computer-generated hardcopy tracings compared favorably to those obtained through a standard multichannel physiological recorder, and thus confirmed the accuracy of the technique. Therefore, microprocessor-based telemetry ofintracardiac electrograms may have a prominent role in the design of multifunction devices for both bradycardias and tachycardias
Automatic functionality detection in behavior-based IDS

Detection of malicious functionalities presents an effective way to detect malware in behavior-based IDS. A technology including the utilization of Colored Petri Nets for the generalized description and consequent detection of specific malicious functionalities from system call data has been previously developed, verified and presented. A successful effort was made to neutralize possible attempts to obfuscate this approach. Nevertheless, the approach has two major drawbacks. First, target functionalities have to be initially specified by an expert, which is a time consuming, sometimes subjective and error prone process. Second, the identification of typical functionalities indicative of malicious programs is not generally straightforward and requires reverse engineering and careful study of many instances of malware. Our paper addresses these drawbacks, clearing the way for a full-scale practical application of this technology. We utilized graph mining and graph similarity assessment algorithms for processing system call data resulting in automatic extraction of functionalities from system call data. This enabled us to identify sets of functionalities suggesting software maliciousness and construct a general obfuscation-resilient malware detector. The paper presents the results of the implementation and testing of the described technologies on the computer network testbed.
Analog computer representation of alternators for parallel operations

THE USE of dynamically faster drives in aircraft electric-power-generating systems precludes the assumption formerly made in computer studies of these systems that the electrical transient is much faster than the mechanical transient. Furthermore, the representation of alternators for parallel operation introduces new conceptual problems not formerly encountered in representing the alternator for isolated operation. In this paper, the basic circuit equations developed by Park are used to describe the alternator. An additional form is also used so that the effect of saturation is approximated. The usual procedure of breaking the system into its simplest units for system studies is followed in this presentation. The representations of the constraints imposed by the interconnection of the units are separated from the units themselves.
Evaluation of sample homogeneity for geochemical standard reference materials used in microanalysis

Three proposed National Bureau of Standards clay standard reference materials, flint clay SRM 97b, plastic clay, SRM 98b, and brick, SRM 679 were investigated for homogeneity with respect to their contents of Sm, La, Sc, Th, Hf, As, Ga, Fe and Cr. Sub-samples were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and replicate determinations were made on nominal sample weights of 100, 400, 750, and 1000 μg. For Sm, La, Sc and Th, no increase in the relative standard deviation with decreasing sample weight was observed in all SRMs indicating that subsampling error for these elements was not a large component of the overall error. For Ga in all SRMs and Cr, As and Fe in SRM 98b, an increase in the relative standard deviation with decreasing sample weight suggests that these elements are concentrated in a minor component of the sample. The three clays should be good reference materials for trace element microanalysis for the elements investigated.
Improved protocols for transformation of indica rice mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

A highly efficient gene transfer method mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens was developed for Group I indica rice, which had been quite recalcitrant in tissue culture and transformation. Freshly isolated immature embryos from plants grown in a greenhouse were inoculated with A. tumefaciens LBA4404 that harbored super-binary vector pTOK233 or pSB134, which had a hygromycin-resistance gene and a GUS gene in the T-DNA. The efficiency of gene transfer varied with the kinds of gelling agents and the basic compositions of co-cultivation media. The highest activity of GUS after co-cultivation was observed when NB medium solidified with agarose was used. For the subsequent cultures, two types of media (modified NB and CC) were chosen to recover hygromycin-resistant cells efficiently. The transformation protocol thus developed worked very well in all of the varieties tested in this study, and the transformation frequency (number of independent hygromycin-resistant and GUS-positive plants per embryo) reached more than 30% in IR8, IR24, IR26, IR36, IR54, IR64, IR72, Xin Qing Ai 1, Nan Jin 11, and Suewon 258. Most of the transformants (T0) were normal in morphology and fertile. Stable integration, expression and inheritance of transgenes were demonstrated by molecular and genetic analysis of transformants in the T0 and T1 generations. For the recovery of multiple independent transgenic events from a single immature embryo, procedures were developed to section the embryo into as many as 30 pieces after non-selective cultures following co-cultivation. Transformants were then obtained from the pieces cultured on the selective media, and, in the highest case, more than seven independent transgenic plants per original embryo (transformation frequency of 738%) were produced. Thus, the efficiency of transformation was remarkably improved.