cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Examining Morning HPA Axis Activity as a Moderator of Hostile, Over-Reactive Parenting on Children's Skills for Success in School.

This study examined children's morning HPA axis activation as a moderator of links between hostile, over-reactive parenting at age 4.5 years and children's skills for success in school (higher executive function and literacy, and less externalizing behavior) at age 6. Participants included 361 adoptive families. Parenting was self-reported. HPA axis activation was measured by basal levels in morning cortisol. Executive function and literacy were assessed via standardized tasks. Externalizing behavior was reported by teachers. Results indicated that hostile, over-reactive parenting predicted more externalizing behavior and lower executive functioning regardless of children's morning HPA axis activation. HPA axis activation moderated the effects of hostile, over-reactive parenting on literacy. Among children with moderate to high morning HPA axis activation (approximately 60% of the sample), harsh parenting was linked with lower literacy; children with low morning HPA axis activation exhibited better literacy in the context of more hostile, over-reactive parenting. Yet, across the sample, hostile, over-reactive parenting remained in the low to moderate range, not in the high range. Findings are discussed in the context of considering not only whether children's stress system activation moderates responses to their environments, but also how these processes operate for different developmental outcomes.
Hybrid Cladding-pumped EDFA/Raman for SDM Transmission Systems Using Core-by-core Gain Control Scheme

We propose and demonstrate hybrid cladding-pumped/Raman amplification for multicore fiber transmission systems. 46WDM PDM-16QAM signals were transmitted over a 7-core transmission line and Q-factor enhancement is demonstrated using the core-by-core gain control scheme.
CALCULATED HEATS OF FORMATION OF METAL AND METAL ALLOY HYDRIDES

ABSTRACT The basic features of the electronic structure of transition metal hydrides are understood. Results of the first ab initio calculation of the trends of the heat of formation of transition metal hydrides are discussed, and the basic one-electron energy difference technique is extended to consider the heat of formation of TiFeH 2 and TiPdH 2 . The present calculational method may be useful in suggesting practical hydrogen storage media, but the accuracy is not sufficiently high that one can quantitatively predict the heat of formation. For more precise results it will be necessary to carry out calculations which include the effects of charge self-consistency, which are treated in the present method by perturbation theory.
Demineralization around orthodontic brackets bonded with resin-modified glass ionomer cement and fluoride-releasing resin composite

Purpose: Enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets is one of the risks associated with orthodontic treatment. Glass ionomer cements have been shown to decrease enamel demineralization adjacent to brackets and bands but do not exhibit bond strengths comparable to resin composites. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare a fluoride-releasing resin composite versus a resin-modified glass ionomer cement for inhibition of enamel demineralization surrounding orthodontic brackets. Methods: Forty-five teeth were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15 teeth. Fifteen were bonded with Concise (3M), a non-fluoride-releasing resin composite (control); 15 teeth were bonded with Light Bond (Reliance), a fluoride-releasing resin composite; and 15 teeth were bonded with Fuji Ortho LC (GC Corporation), a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. The teeth were placed in an artificial caries solution to create lesions. Following sectioning of the teeth in a buccolingual direction, polarized light microscopy was utilized to evaluate enamel demineralization adjacent to the orthodontic bracket. The area of the lesion was measured 100 μm from the orthodontic bracket and bonding agent. Results: MANOVA (P<.0001) and Duncan’s test (P<.05) indicated the resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Fuji Ortho LC ® ) and the fluoride-releasing resin composite (Light Bond ® ) had significantly less adjacent enamel demineralization than the nonfluoride-releasing resin composite control. However, there was no significant difference between the resin-modified glass ionomer cement and the fluoride-releasing resin composite. Conclusions: Based on the results of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that Fuji Ortho LC ® and Light Bond ® exhibit significant inhibition of adjacent demineralization compared to the non-fluoride-releasing control. (Pediatr Dent 23:255-259, 2001)
The International Reach: Comparative Dimensions of Russian Organized Corrupted Networks

In the 1990s, after the collapse of the Iron Curtain, Russian organized crime found itself with unlimited access to financial resources and mobility. A new wave of emigration, business travel, and tourism quickly exported crime to other countries.
HIV and Pregnancy Web Sites.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is nowat the stage of a pandemic. While HIV somewhat limitsfertility, pregnancies still occur (Glynn et. al., 2000).Thus, all health care providers need to have currentinformation regarding pregnancy complicated by HIV.The Web sites listed below represent the best availableresources. They are presented in alphabetical order. Thereader should be cautioned that many older Webresources on HIV and acquired immune deficiency syn-drome (AIDS) still exist on the Internet. Thus, the readershould carefully assess for a date of last revision beforetrusting the content of a particular Web site.
Glancing Angle FIB De-layering for Embedded Defect and PVC Fault Isolation Analysis

In this work we reported a work flow of de-layering method by using glancing angle FIB milling for IC failure analysis. This method doesn't require cleaving the sample cross-section which increases risk of damaging target structure. Instead, a combination of precise laser ablation and FIB milling is used to create a large viewing window before glancing angle FIB milling. Our results demonstrated that the method can become useful alternative of conventional mechanical and/or chemical polishing and were successfully applied in several case studies for analyzing embedded defect or passive voltage contrast (PVC) fault isolation.
STRATEGIES CONSTRAINS IN RENDERING ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS COLLOCATIONS FROM ARABIC INTO ENGLISH

This particular study investigates the problems found in the strategies adopted by students in translating certain lexical collocations of the Islamic religious texts. For that purpose, a purposive sample of 41 B.A, English students enrolled in the academic year of 2017-2018 at the Arts College had been selected as participants in this study. Thus, the primary objective of the study is to determine if these Sudanese students faced any problem when translating Islamic religious collocations from Arabic into English. Therefore, the researcher employed the descriptive approach to identify the problems faced by students in using several strategies for translation. As for data collection method, a test, which consisted of specific lexical collocations terms, had been carried out to analyse the obstacles that the students faced when translating Islamic religious collocations terms from Arabic into English. Hence, some main issues that were identified from the findings were reviewed in a wholesome manner and wherever possible, links were made to associate the themes to the literature examined, besides further extending the research scope via comparison with other literature in light of the finding. Finally, some recommendations are given at the end of the research mainly for students to improve their skills in translating Islamic lexical collocations from Arabic into English.
Burkitt lymphoma masquerading as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in an HIV-seropositive patient.

Purpose:To describe a rare case of Burkitt lymphoma metastatic to the cavernous sinus that was initially diagnosed as Tolosa–Hunt syndrome.Case description:A 31-year-old confirmed and treatment-com...
Aspects of a National Defense Against Chemical and Biological Terrorism

The use of chemical and biological agents as tools for terrorist use has resulted in expanded preparedness and response programs in the U.S. and around the world. In the United States, agencies of the Federal Government have organized to better respond to threats that include terrorist use of weapons of mass destruction. This chapter will discuss several specific aspects of the U.S. program to defend against chemical and biological attacks. Specifically, programs addressing the needs for preparedness, situational awareness, and detection/identification.
Political climate and academic entrepreneurship: The case of strange bedfellows?

Abstract Universities have fully embraced academic entrepreneurship, transforming their structures, systems, and processes to generate licensing revenues and create new ventures. While prior research has mainly focused on the relationship between public policy and entrepreneurial activities, this study examines a major gap – the performance implications of regional politics on academic entrepreneurship. We use a unique data set of U.S. universities and their regional governments to test how the influence of two elements of a region's political climate – consensus and stability – affects entrepreneurial and commercial performance. Our results suggest that political consensus and stability are positively associated with higher licensing revenues, while political stability is negatively associated with new venture creation. Our results reveal how regional politics influence university commercial outcomes, which suggests that entrepreneurship-enhancing public policy is intimately linked to the regional political process. We discuss the implications for theory and practice, and suggest possible future research directions.
Successful use of topical minoxidil in the treatment of hypotrichosis associated with desmoplakin mutations

Syndromes associated with desmosomal protein mutations such as desmoplakin can result in hair abnormalities including congenital alopecia and hypotrichosis. Herein, we present an 8-year-old boy, with a combination of two heterozygous mutations in the DSP gene encoding desmoplakin associated with congenital alopecia and long-standing hypotrichosis, who was treated with off-label use of topical minoxidil 5% foam once daily with dramatic growth after 2 months of therapy and sustained results at 1 year. Topical minoxidil may be effective in management of congenital alopecia and hypotrichosis associated with desmoplakin mutations.
The Evolution of Melanoma – Moving beyond Binary Models of Genetic Progression

To date, over 1000 melanocytic neoplasms, spanning all stages of tumorigenesis, have been sequenced, offering detailed views into their -omic landscapes. This has coincided with advances in genetic engineering technologies that allow molecular biologists to edit the human genome with extreme precision and new mouse models to simulate disease progression. In this review, we describe how these technologies are being harnessed to provide insights into the evolution of melanoma at an unprecedented resolution, revealing that prior models of melanoma evolution, in which pathways are turned 'on' or 'off' in a binary fashion during the run-up to melanoma, are oversimplified.
Sustained Donor Chimerism and Rapid Immune Cell Reconstitution with a Low Probability of Gvhd Following Familial Haploidentical (FHI) CD34 Enriched Stem Cell Transplantation with Pbmnc Addback in Patients with High Risk Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) (IND 14359)

Background Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (AlloSCT) from an HLA-matched sibling donor is the only known curative therapy in high-risk SCD patients (Talano/Cairo, EJH, 2015). Unfortunately only about 15% of high-risk SCD patients have an HLA-matched unaffected sibling donor. T cell depletion has been employed to reduce AGVHD. We reported a very low incidence of GVHD in pediatric recipients receiving CD34 enriched HPC products with PBMNC addback from MUD donors (Geyer/Cairo et al, BJH, 2012). Rapid NK cell reconstitution after AlloSCT is associated with a significant improvement in 1yr OS (Pical-Izard, BBMT, 2015). Recently, we reported promising results for high-risk SCD patients at 1 yr follow-up after FHI CD34 enriched/PBMNC with addback with the probability of 1-yr OS 88.2% (Cairo, et al, JAMA Peds, 2019). Objective To investigate donor chimerism, immune reconstitution and the incidence of GVHD in high-risk SCD patients following AlloSCT using FHI CD34 enrichment/PBMNC (2 × 105 CD3/kg) addback. Methods CD34 cells were enriched using the CliniMACS® system, kindly provided by Miltenyi Biotec, with a target dose of 10 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. PBMNC were added back to the final CD34 product at a dose of 2 × 10*5 CD3/kg. Whole blood and CD71-enriched erythroid lineage chimerism were determined by STR. Immune cell, subset reconstitution, NK function, CD107a and granzyme B were assessed by flow cytometry as previously described (Geyer/Cairo et al. BJH, 2012, Chu/Cairo et al, Can Imm Res, 2015). Results The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV and late AGVHD was 6.2 % and moderate and/or severe CGVHD incidence was 6.7%, respectively (Fig. 1A). There was 100% engraftment of neutrophils and platelets. The median day post-HISCT to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was +9 and +19, respectively. Whole blood donor chimerism (mean±SEM) at 1-yr, 2-ys, and 3-ys post-HISCT was 97±1%, 97±1%, 97±1%, respectively (Fig.1B). Donor chimerism for CD71-enriched erythroid lineage cells (mean±SEM) at 1-yr, 2-yrs, 3-yrs post-HISCT was 97±2%, 98±1%, 98±1%, respectively (Fig.1B). The time to recovery of minimal normal levels for CD3 (800 cells/ul), CD4 (400 cells/ul), CD8 (200 cells/ul), & CD19 cells (200 cells/ul), was approximately 365, 365, 270, and 60 days post-HISCT, respectively (Fig.1C). NK reconstitution was rapid and peaked at d+30 (36±9%) with higher level of activating receptors NKp46, NKG2D & KIR2DS and inhibitory receptors NKG2A, CD94 and KIR2DL2/3. NK cytotoxicity against K562 (E:T = 10:1) peaked at d+30 and d+180 vs pre-transplant (p Conclusion The PBMNC addback facilitated rapid donor chimerism & immune reconstitution with a low probability of Grade II-IV AGVHD. The rapid NK reconstitution may have in part contributed to the excellent 1yr OS in this study (FDA R01FD004090 (MSC)). This approach is comparable to the method of CD3 TCRa/b-CD19 depletion.
Incorporating problem-based learning with direct instruction improves student learning in undergraduate biomechanics

Abstract Problem-based learning (PBL) is based on a ‘problem based structure’ and may have higher learning efficacy than direct instruction. We quantified PBL on student learning in undergraduate biomechanics. Students (n = 109) at two comprehensive universities in the USA completed the Biomechanics Concept Inventory before and after biomechanics classes that integrated PBL for the seven course topics. Learning increased by 25 ± 14%, which is greater than reported for lecture with low-tech active learning. Eighty-three percent of students “agree(d)” to “strongly agree(d)” PBL was “helpful and effective” at aiding their learning. PBL can be an effective teaching method in undergraduate biomechanics.
Mn 2+ /Yb 3+ Codoped CsPbCl 3 Perovskite Nanocrystals with Triple-Wavelength Emission for Luminescent Solar Concentrators.

Doping metal ions into lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) has attracted great attention over the past few years due to the emergence of novel properties relevant to optoelectronic applications. Here, the synthesis of Mn2+/Yb3+ codoped CsPbCl3 NCs through a hot-injection technique is reported. The resulting NCs show a unique triple-wavelength emission covering ultraviolet/blue, visible, and near-infrared regions. By optimizing the dopant concentrations, the total photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) of the codoped NCs can reach ≈125.3% due to quantum cutting effects. Mechanism studies reveal the efficient energy transfer processes from host NCs to Mn2+ and Yb3+ dopant ions, as well as a possible inter-dopant energy transfer from Mn2+ to Yb3+ ion centers. Owing to the high PL QYs and minimal reabsorption loss, the codoped perovskite NCs are demonstrated to be used as efficient emitters in luminescent solar concentrators, with greatly enhanced external optical efficiency compared to that of using solely Mn2+ doped CsPbCl3 NCs. This study presents a new model system for enriching doping chemistry studies and future applications of perovskite NCs.
K - * Autonomous Bifurcations of a Simple Bimolecular Surface-Reaction Model

: A pair of ordinary differential equations describing the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism of a bimolecular surface reaction is presented as a simple model for a heterogeneously catalyzed chemical reaction. Numerical and analytical techniques are combined to determine the possible dynamics of this model, which, even though it consists only of low-order polynomials, exhibits very complicated behavior. This includes sustained oscillations, which appear or disappear at Hopf bifurcations, turning points on periodic branches, global homoclinic and metacritical Hopf bifurcations and codimension-two bifurcations with double eigenvalues of zero. The emphasis of the presentation is on geometrical representation of the observed dynamics.
The Counter Narrative of the Long-Term Upward Trajectory of Capitalism, and Its Costs Critically Explicated: From Colonialism to Economic Neo-Colonialization

While crises of overproduction may indeed be periodic, quasi-Malthusian, cyclical fluctuations, nevertheless capitalism’s long-term trajectory has been upward. This was previously explained by colonialization. The exploiting of cheap foreign resources or/and labor, enabling capitalists to remain competitively productive or efficient even while keeping the wages of their consequently embourgeoised domestic workforce sufficiently high to ensure buoyant demand. A function later fulfilled by economic neo-colonialization. Yet even when free market competition among developed nations for the underdeveloped nations’ resource and/or labor may drive the costs thereof sufficiently high to enable previously underdeveloped supplier nations to accrue enough capital to begin to aspire to the status of developing nations, competition between them will ultimately put downward pressure on resource and labor costs, and environmental and safety standards.
Existence of Noncompact Static Spherically Symmetric Solutions of Einstein SU(2)-Yang–Mills Equations

We consider static spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein equations with cosmological constant Λ coupled to the SU(2)-Yang–Mills equations that are smooth at the origin r=0. We prove that all such solutions have a radius rc at which the solution in Schwarzschild coordinates becomes singular. However, for any positive integer N, there exists a small positive ΛN such that whenever 0<Λ<ΛN, there exist at least N distinct solutions for which the singularity is only a coordinate singularity and the solution can be extended to r≥rc.
Transverse-field Ising Dynamics by Rydberg Dressing in a Cold Dilute Gas

Rydberg dressing provides optically controllable interactions between neutral atoms, of interest for generating many-body entanglement. We demonstrate these interactions and emulate transverse-field Ising dynamics in a cold gas of cesium atoms.
Recurrence risk factors in stage IA grade 1 endometrial cancer.

Objectives Patients with early-stage endometrial cancers (EC) with disease recurrences have worse survival outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical and pathologic factors that predict for all recurrences in stage IA grade 1 (IAG1) EC. Methods Records from patients diagnosed with EC were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline characteristics of 222 patients with IAG1 EC who underwent surgical resection were analyzed. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to identify univariate and multivariate risk factors that predict for recurrence. Results Seventeen (7.65%) patients had recurrences. The 3-year cumulative incidence of recurrence were significantly higher for patients with time from biopsy to surgery ≥6 months (54% vs. 8%, p=0.003), simple hysterectomy with ovarian preservation vs. total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (31% vs. 9%, p=0.032), any myometrial invasion vs. no invasion (18% vs. 2%, p=0.004), and tumor size ≥2 cm (15% vs. 2%, p=0.021). On, multivariate analysis, any myometrial invasion, increasing time from biopsy to surgery, and larger tumor size were independent predictors of any recurrence. Patients with recurrences had worse outcomes than those without (5-year overall survival [OS]=60%; 95% confidence interval [CI]=16%-86% vs. 5-year OS=95%; 95% CI=87%-99%, respectively, p=0.003). Conclusion Time from biopsy to surgery, larger tumors, and myometrial invasion are the most important predictors of recurrence. Though the recurrence rates are generally low in IAG1 EC, the survival rate for the patients with recurrences was worse than those without. Identification of additional recurrence risk factors can help select patients who may benefit from adjuvant treatment.
The Evolution of Market Efficiency: 103 Years Daily Data of the Dow

This study examines the evolution of market efficiency of the Dow Jones Industrial Average over the last 103 years. Technological advances in information system, communication, forecasting, and trading, progress in investors' ability to use relevant information for their trading strategies are hypothesized to raise the level of market efficiency. Also, the relations between current period's volatility, rate of return, trading volume and autocorrelation, as well as the effects of autocorrelation, volatility and rate of return of the previous period on autocorrelation of the current period are examined. In addition, previous evidence of significant autocorrelation may not offer adequate information about market efficiency if the level of autocorrelation changes over time and the changes are random. If the changes in actual autocorrelation are random, the market would still be weak form efficient in a sense that investors cannot predict the market using the estimated autocorrelation. Various ratio, serial correlation and runs tests are performed to test first-order autocorrelation (AR 1) between daily returns on the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index over the period 1896-1998, variance ratio and runs tests are also used to test the (non)random changes in autocorrelation. Results of the tests indicate significant autocorrelation for about a third of the 103 years and nonrandom changes in the autocorrelation, reveal some pattern of the evolution of market efficiency. Then regression analyses using the estimated autocorrelation as dependent variables are conducted to analyze the evolution of the market efficiency and to estimate the effects of relevant factors on the level of autocorrelation. The regression analyses demonstrate that volatility, rate of return, and trading volume of the previous year have stronger negative relations with the level of autocorrelation than that of the current year's, and that the previous year's level of autocorrelation have a significant positive relation with the current year's level of autocorrelation. These findings imply that investors consider the previous year's stock return behavior in determining their trading strategies. This study has also found that positive autocorrelation occurs more frequently in the periods of higher autocorrelation while negative autocorrelation occurs more frequently in the periods of lower autocorrelation. Furthermore, negative autocorrelation is more related with higher volatility or market over reaction is more frequently related with higher volatility.
Low mode implosion symmetry sensitivity in low gas-fill NIF cylindrical hohlraums

Achieving an efficient capsule implosion in National Ignition Facility indirect-drive target experiments requires symmetric hohlraum x-ray drive for the duration of the laser pulse. This is commonly achieved using two-sided two-cone laser irradiation of cylindrical hohlraums that, in principle, can zero the time average of all spherical harmonic asymmetry modes <6 as well as the time dependence of the usually dominant mode 2. In practice, experimental evidence indicates that maintaining symmetric drive becomes limited late in the pulse due to the inward expansion of the hohlraum wall and outward expansion of the capsule ablator plasmas impairing the propagation of the inner-cone laser beams. This effect is enhanced in hohlraums employing low gas-fill, now used almost exclusively as these provide the highest performing implosions and reduce Stimulated Brillouin and Raman backscatter losses, since the gas plasma provides less back pressure to limit blow-in of the hohlraum wall and capsule ablator plasmas. In order to understand this dynamic behavior, we combined multi-keV X-ray imaging of the wall and imploded fuel plasmas as we changed a single parameter at a time: hohlraum gas-fill, laser outer cone picket energy, radius of high density carbon capsules used, and laser beam polar and azimuthal pointing geometry. We developed a physics-based multi-parameter experimental scaling to explain the results that extend prior scalings and compare those to radiation hydrodynamic simulations to develop a more complete picture of how hohlraum, capsule, and laser parameters affect pole vs equator drive symmetry.
Toward a Reflection-Centered Model of Graduate Social Work Education: Implications for Enhanced Practice.

Reflective practice emphasizes the importance of providing practitioners with opportunities to reflect on their work in order to manage the complexity of day-to-day practice. This study found that ...
Adverse events after low titer group O whole blood versus component product transfusion in pediatric trauma patients: A propensity-matched cohort study

BACKGROUND Low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) is used as the initial resuscitative fluid in an increasing number of pediatric trauma and massive bleeding transfusion protocols. There is little data on adverse events following its transfusion in pediatric trauma patients. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Blood bank records were queried for pediatric recipients of at least one unit of red blood cells (RBCs) (component group) or LTOWB (LTOWB group) within 24 h of admission between May 2013 and August 2020. Subjects with early death (<72 h) were excluded. Propensity-score matching of LTOWB and component groups was performed. Adverse events were recorded, including transfusion reaction, thromboembolism, acute kidney injury, sepsis, and organ failure based on PELOD-2 score, along with hospital and ICU length of stay (LOS) and ventilator days. RESULTS Thirty-six LTOWB recipients were matched to 36 conventional component recipients. Subjects were 52% male, with blunt injury mechanism (82%), median (IQR) injury severity score = 27 (21-35), and 26% in-hospital mortality. The groups were well matched in terms of demographics and injury characteristics. There were no clinically or statistically significant differences in adverse outcomes including reported transfusion reaction, organ failure, acute kidney injury, sepsis/bacteremia, and venous thromboembolism. Hospital LOS, ventilator days, mortality, and functional disability at discharge were also not significantly different. The LTOWB group had significantly shorter ICU LOS compared to the component group. CONCLUSION LTOWB transfusion did not increase the risk of adverse events in children. However, larger studies are required to confirm these results.
Demo and dataset for mmWave multi-beam tracking using mMobile 28 GHz testbed

Constructive multi-beam communication for mmWave is a new trend where the base station utilizes multiple paths to improve link throughput and reliability. This demo addresses a key challenge on maintaining a mmWave multi-beam link under user mobility. Traditional user-tracking algorithms for single-beam links do not directly apply to a multi-beam link due to large probing overhead. We demonstrate a low-overhead channel-based solution that only requires multi-beam channel estimates in the background to track multi-beams. We collect and release a one-of-its-kind channel dataset using our 28 GHz mMobile testbed.
Two low-expansion Li-ion cathode materials with promising multi-property performance

We have identified CrOF4 and NbFe3(PO4)6 as candidate cathodes with density functional theory (DFT) calculations which suggest a useful balance of low chemical expansion and gravimetric energy density. Low chemical expansion is a likely requirement for high cycle batteries and the employment of solid electrolytes. CrOF4 and NbFe3(PO4)6 have predicted average voltages of 5.1 and 4.0 V and chemical expansion less than 3% and 1% within the stoichiometric range of 0 to 1 Li per formula unit, respectively, significantly outperforming commonly used cathode materials. While practical energy densities can be challenging to estimate with DFT calculations, DFT suggests that these exhibit gravimetric capacity densities in excess of 200 and 100 Ah/kg and gravimetric energy density in excess of 1020 and 400 Wh/kg, respectively, depending on irreversible processes during cycling. These were identified by screening approximately 38,000 compounds using statistical models trained on available data and physically motivated descriptors. Renewable power sources such as solar and wind energy require stable, long lasting grid energy-storage systems that can hold and distribute energy when the sun is set. Battery cathodes with high mechanical durability are required for high cycle applications approaching 1000 or more cycles, including grid and electric vehicle applications. However, useful battery cathodes must also satisfy a number of other constraints, including high energy density, high rate capability, and electrolyte compatibility in addition to sustainability requirements such as elimination of cobalt and other elements that are expensive or are acquired at the expense of ethical issues. Historical approaches to the identification of new cathodes have focused largely on the optimization of a single of these properties rather than a holistic optimization. Here we identify two new cathode candidates that satisfy a useful balance of the spectrum of required cathode properties, including minimal chemical expansion for maximization of cycle life, smaller than commonly employed cathodes. These new cathodes were identified using a data driven approach that identifies promising multi-property materials through statistical models. This approach represents a new paradigm for materials search that directly addresses the largest bottleneck for materials deployment: multi-property optimization.
Association Between Postoperative Fever and Readmission Rates in Lumbar Fusion Patients

STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective observational study. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the impact of postoperative fever on the rate of readmission among lumbar fusion patients. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Postoperative fever is a common event across surgical specialties that often triggers an extensive work-up that can significantly increase hospital costs and length of stay, although the results are usually negative for infection. There is a paucity of literature studying postoperative fever in lumbar fusion patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective chart review of all the patients who underwent elective posterior lumbar spinal fusion from January, 2018 to November, 2018 was conducted. Fever was defined as a temperature >100.4oF. Patients were categorized into 4 groups based on their highest recorded temperature postoperatively. The association between demographic variables, tests ordered per patient, length of stay, and readmission rates per group were analyzed using a t test, and 1-way analysis of variance for continuous outcomes, and the Fisher exact test for categorical variables. RESULTS Of 107 patients, 58% had no fever recorded, 17.75% had temperatures between 100.5 and 100.90oF, 18.69% temperatures between 101 and 101.90oF, and 4.67% of patients temperatures equal or higher than 102.0oF. The number of tests per patient increase with the range of temperatures analyzed (P<0.01), but the rate of readmission of all the 4 groups are not significantly different (0.107). There is no significant difference in the number of febrile episodes per day between patients who were and who were not readmitted (0.209). CONCLUSIONS A diagnostic testing policy guided by clinician assessment of symptoms and physical exam may limit unnecessary testing and reduce hospital length of stay and cost without sacrificing patient safety.
Identifying Spherical Voids and Inclusions by Matching the Power Spectra

An algorithm is developed to characterize the type and size of a flaw by matching the power spectrum of the flaw with those of the known ones. The algorithm is based on the inversion method developed by Fertig and Richardson for ellipsoidal flaws at low and intermediate frequencies. The present algorithm assumes spherical flaws, but has no restriction in frequency range. The general procedure is to send a wide band ultrasonic pulse upon the flaw and record the reflected waveform. Assuming small acoustic signal level so that linearity holds, the scattering cross-section of the flaw in the direction of the receiver transducer can be obtained by deconvolution with a back wall waveform. For each of the possible flaw types, the most probable radius is estimated by minimizing the “distance” between the measured scattering cross-section and the calculated scattering, cross-sections of that flaw type. The probability for each flaw type is estimated using the values of the minimum “distances” and their second derivatives at the most probable radii of the possible flaw types on the assumption of Gaussian probability distribution.
Is approval voting optimal given approval votes

Some crowdsourcing platforms ask workers to express their opinions by approving a set of k good alternatives. It seems that the only reasonable way to aggregate these k-approval votes is the approval voting rule, which simply counts the number of times each alternative was approved. We challenge this assertion by proposing a probabilistic framework of noisy voting, and asking whether approval voting yields an alternative that is most likely to be the best alternative, given k-approval votes. While the answer is generally positive, our theoretical and empirical results call attention to situations where approval voting is suboptimal.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: model, data, and extension to the prevention of suicide

The present article briefly describes ACT, its underlying model, and the evidence in support of its efficacy. In order to provide an example of how to extend ACT to new problems, the paper then extends ACT thinking to the prevention of suicide and suicidality. ACT, both its model and applied techniques, appears to be supported by the evidence, suggesting that further extensions are warranted.
Screening of Phosphorus-Accumulating Fungi and Their Potential for Phosphorus Removal from Waste Streams

While bacteria have been primarily studied for phosphorus (P) removal in wastewater treatment, fungi and their ability to accumulate intracellular polyphosphate are less investigated. P-accumulating fungal strains were screened from soybean plants and surrounding soil by flask cultivation with potato dextrose broth and KH2PO4 in this study. Mucor circinelloides was selected for its high efficiency in P removal efficiency and high cellular P content. Neisser staining and growth-curve analysis confirmed that M. circinelloides stored polyphosphate intracellularly by luxury phosphate uptake. The effect of culture medium compositions on P removal efficiency and cellular P content was also investigated. Monosaccharides (such as glucose and fructose) and organic nitrogen (N, such as urea, and peptone) promoted fungi growth and P accumulation. M. circinelloides also preferred organic phosphates. When glucose, urea, and phytic acid sodium salt were used as the carbon, N, and P source, respectively, the maximum utilization efficiency was 40.1% for P and 7.08% for cellular P content. In addition, the potential of M. circinelloides for P removal from waste streams was investigated. Compared with the non-inoculated control culture, inoculation with M. circinelloides improved the soluble P removal in treating wastewater centrate, screened manure, and digested manure.
Corporate Bond Yield Spreads in Recent Decades: Trends, Changes, and Stock Market Linkages

Corporate bond interest rates are a subject of concern to investment analysts, corporate financial managers, and scholars. In this article the yield spreads between corporate bonds and government bonds, and between differing quality corporate bonds is examined during recent decades. Also, the relationship between yield spreads and stock market movements is examined. Yield spreads vary considerably over this period, and have varying trends. Causality tests show that stock market movements precede changes in yield spreads.
Finite-gain L 2 stability in distributed event-triggered networked control systems with data dropouts

This paper studies event-triggered networked control systems. Event-triggering has an agent broadcast its sampled state to its neighbors only when its local error signal exceeds a given threshold. We provide a sufficient condition for the existence of “local” events such that the resulting networked control systems are L 2 stable. By “local”, we mean that each agent's events are only associated with its own state information. Based on this condition, we propose a distributed scheme for each agent to design its local events using linear matrix inequalities. This scheme applies to linear systems and the resulting event-triggered system is finite-gain L 2 stable. Moreover, we consider data dropouts in networked control systems and propose a distributed method that enables each agent to locally identify the maximal allowable number of its successive data dropouts without loss of the system stability.
Light particle emission from reactions of 208 MeV 16O ions with 12C, 56Fe, and 91Zr

Abstract Energy spectra and yields were measured for p, d, t, 3 He and α particles from reactions of 13 MeV /A 16 O ions with targets of 12 C , 56 Fe , and 91 Zr . For each of the ejectiles, the energy spectra extend significantly above the energy/nucleon of the incident projectile and vary only slowly with target mass.
The Physics of Molecular Shocks in YSO Outflows

Shock waves light up the jets, winds and outflows around YSOs and diagnose the physical conditions and processes resident in these regions. This paper discusses the differences between the jet/wind shock and the ambient shock, between C shocks and J shocks, and between the shocks produced by pure jets and by collimated wide angle winds. Basic shock physics is briefly reviewed, with a special focus on the temperature structure in shocks and the Wardle instability of C shocks. Application is made to the origin of shocked H2 emission and to H2O masers.
Characterization of the Interaction of a Protein Inhibitor with Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate-dependent Protein Kinases I. INTERACTION WITH THE CATALYTIC SUBUNIT OF THE PROTEIN KINASE

The interaction of a protein inhibitor with the catalytic subunit derived from adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase is described. A kinetic analysis of casein phosphorylation in the presence of inhibitor reveals a noncompetitive interaction between the inhibitor and the catalytic subunit substrates, ATP and casein. The inhibitor does not function by destroying ATP nor by acting as a phosphoprotein phosphatase. The inhibitor is equally effective when protein kinase is assayed with various protein substrates. Catalytic subunit activity is inhibited to the same plateau level by the inhibitor and by regulatory subunit derived from adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. The inhibitor interaction with the catalytic subunit prevents the catalytic subunit-induced release of adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate from the regulatory subunit.
Simultaneous formation of interstitial-and vacancy-type loops during irradiation

During the irradiation of metals at temperatures above Stage III, dislocation loops are formed. Both interstitial-and vacancy-type loops are observed. Their simultaneous formation is possible because of a difference in their capture efficiency for interstitials which is due to non-linear elasticity effects on the strain fields of loops. This difference is only a necessary condition for the nucleation of vacancy-type loops. Other conditions, such as temperature, dose rate, and the average interstitial capture efficiency of the entire sink structure must also be met. These conditions are investigated, and it is found that vacancy loops can nucleate at low temperatures and when the capture efficiency of the entire sink structure exceeds a critical value. With continuing irradiation, both interstitial-and vacancy loops grow to large radii, and the capture efficiency drops below the critical value. At this point, further vacancy-loop nucleation is terminated.
Geology and Wine 8. Modeling Viticultural Landscapes: A GIS Analysis of the Terroir Potential in the Umpqua Valley of Oregon

Terroir is a holistic concept that relates to both environmental and cultural factors that together influence the grape growing to wine production continuum. The physical factors that influence the process include matching a given grape variety to its ideal climate along with optimum site characteristics of elevation, slope, aspect, and soil. While some regions have had hundreds and even thousands of years to define, develop, and understand their best terroir, newer regions typically face a trial and error stage of finding the best variety and terroir match. This research facilitates the process by modeling the climate and landscape in a relatively young grape growing region in Oregon, the Umpqua Valley appellation. The result is an inventory of land suitability that provides both existing and new growers greater insight into the best terroirs of the region. SOMMAIRE Le terroir est un concept holiste de facteurs environnementaux et culturels agissant sur un continuum s'etendant de la croissance de la vigne a la vinification. Dans le domaine des facteurs physiques, il faut trouver la combinaison ideale entre la variete du raisin d'une part, et le climat et les caracteristiques du site de culture comme l'elevation, la pente, l'aspect et le type de sol, d'autre part. Alors qu'en certaines regions, on a eu des centaines, voire des milliers d'annee pour definir, developper et definir le terroir ideal, dans les regions nouvelles, on doit proceder par essais et erreur pour trouver le meilleur appariement raisin et terroir. La recherche decrite ci-contre entend faciliter ce processus de mariage ideal en modelisant les facteurs du climat et du paysage dans une region viticole relativement jeune de l'Oregon, celle de la vallee de Umpqua. Le resultat obtenu est un inventaire des terrains propices, ce qui fait aussi bien l'affaire des vignerons etablis que des nouveaux vignerons dans leur quete des meilleurs terroirs de la region.
Income effects of limiting soil erosion under organic, conventional, and no-till systems in eastern Pennsylvania

A 294-acre Pennsylvania crop and livestock farm was modeled under alternative management practices using linear programming. The management practices included conventional, organic, and no-till production, with and without the use of overseeding and cover crops. For each of the management practices, soil erosion was estimated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation. Profitability was compared across the options with and without constraints on soil erosion. Prior to constraining soil erosion, no-till was found to be the most profitable option. The conventional option was next most profitable, followed closely by the organic option. The use of cover crops or overseeding was found to be unprofitable when high levels of soil erosion were allowed. When soil erosion was constrained, the relative profitability of the options changed. It was found that practices that can control erosion with the least reduction in the intensity of rotation, such as planting cover crops, overseeding and no-till, are the most profitable options when soil is constrained to below 5 tons per acre. No-till remained the most profitable option at low levels of soil erosion. The economic advantage of conventional over organic production diminished as soil erosion was constrained. Below 5 tons per acre of soil erosion, the organic system became more profitable than the conventional system. It was found that use of overseeding or cover crops makes a more profitable rotation possible at low levels of soil erosion.
Coupled slow-wave structures analysis

The author shows that the deceleration of an anti-phase electromagnetic wave in coupled slow-wave structures (CSWS) can exceed the so-called geometric deceleration many times. This can be used for resonant frequency decrease and energy concentration increase. It is also shown that the electric energy and magnetic energy can be split between different regions of a CSWS. In addition to the conventional application as a non-contact input and output in microwave vacuum amplifiers, the CSWS application as electrodes can be very effective in vacuum microelectronic devices with a distributed cathode.
Assumptions underlying educational intervention research: A commentary on Harris and Pressley

This response analyzes Harris and Pressley's position on improving the quality of educational intervention research. It contrasts two different approaches to the interpretation of such research—technology transfer and heuristic interpretations—and their underlying assumptions. Harris and Pressley's positions are generally supported, but within the heuristic rather than the technology transfer perspective.
Hierarchical Bayesian Parameter Estimation for Modeling and Analysis of User Affective Influence

Traditional user experience (UX) models are mostly qualitative in terms of its measurement and structure. This paper proposes a quantitative UX model based on cumulative prospect theory. It takes a decision making perspective between two alternative design profiles. However, affective elements are well-known to have influence on human decision making, the prevailing computational models for analyzing and simulating human perception on UX are mainly cognition-based models. In order to incorporate both affective and cognitive factors in the decision making process, we manipulate the parameters involved in the cumulative prospect model to show the affective influence. Specifically, three different affective states are induced to shape the model parameters. A hierarchical Bayesian model with a technique called Markov chain Monte Carlo is used to estimate the parameters. A case study of aircraft cabin interior design is illustrated to show the proposed methodology.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
Triple‐goal estimates in two‐stage hierarchical models

The beauty of the Bayesian approach is its ability to structure complicated models, inferential goals and analyses. To take full advantage of it, methods should be linked to an inferential goal via a loss function. For example, in the two-stage, compound sampling model the posterior means are optimal under squared error loss. However, they can perform poorly in estimating the histogram of the parameters or in ranking them. ‘Triple-goal’ estimates are motivated by the desire to have a set of estimates that produce good ranks, a good parameter histogram and good co-ordinate-specific estimates. No set of estimates can simultaneously optimize these three goals and we seek a set that strikes an effective trade-off. We evaluate and compare three candidate approaches: the posterior means, the constrained Bayes estimates of Louis and Ghosh, and a new approach that optimizes estimation of the histogram and the ranks. Mathematical and simulation-based analyses support the superiority of the new approach and document its excellent performance for the three inferential goals.