cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Measures on the Gene Ontology for Gene Product Similarity

One of the most important objects in bioinformatics is a gene product (protein or RNA). For many gene products, functional information is summarized in a set of Gene Ontology (GO) annotations. For these genes, it is reasonable to include similarity measures based on the terms found in the GO or other taxonomy. In this paper, we introduce several novel measures for computing the similarity of two gene products annotated with GO terms. The fuzzy measure similarity (FMS) has the advantage that it takes into consideration the context of both complete sets of annotation terms when computing the similarity between two gene products. When the two gene products are not annotated by common taxonomy terms, we propose a method that avoids a zero similarity result. To account for the variations in the annotation reliability, we propose a similarity measure based on the Choquet integral. These similarity measures provide extra tools for the biologist in search of functional information for gene products. The initial testing on a group of 194 sequences representing three proteins families shows a higher correlation of the FMS and Choquet similarities to the BLAST sequence similarities than the traditional similarity measures such as pairwise average or pairwise maximum.
Micromachined thermocouple microwave detector by commercial CMOS fabrication

This paper reports on the design and testing of a thermocouple microwave detector fabricated through a commercial CMOS foundry with an additional maskless etching procedure. The detector measures true r.m.s. power of signals in the frequency range from 50 MHz to 20 GHz, and input power range from -30 to +10 dBm, the device has linearity better than /spl plusmn/0.4% for input power versus output voltage over the 40 dB dynamic range. Measurements of the return loss, obtained using an automatic network analyzer, show acceptable input return loss of less than -20 dB over the entire frequency range. The sensitivity of the detector was measured to be (1.007/spl plusmn/0.004) mV/mW.
Health effects from chronic low-level exposure to hydrogen sulfide

The acute toxic effects of hydrogen sulfide have been known for decades. However, studies investigating the adverse health effects from chronic, low-level exposure to this chemical are limited. In this study, the authors compared symptoms of adverse health effects, reported by residents of two communities exposed mainly to chronic, low-levels of industrial sources of hydrogen sulfide, to health effects reported by residents in three reference communities in which there were no known industrial sources of hydrogen sulfide. Trained interviewers used a specially created, menu-driven computer questionnaire to conduct a multi-symptom health survey. The data-collection process and questions were essentially the same in the reference and exposed communities. The two exposed communities responded very similarly to questions about the major categories. When the authors compared responses of the exposed communities with those of the reference communities, 9 of the 12 symptom categories had iterated odds ratios greater than 3.0. The symptoms related to the central nervous system had the highest iterated odds ratio (i.e., 12.7; 95% confidence interval = 7.59, 22.09), followed by the respiratory category (odds ratio = 11.92; 95% confidence interval = 6.03, 25.72), and the blood category (odds ratio = 8.07; 95% confidence interval = 3.64, 21.18). Within the broader health categories, individual symptoms were also elevated significantly. This study, like all community-based studies, had several inherent limitations. Limitations, and the procedures the authors used to minimize their effects on the study outcomes, are discussed. The results of this study emphasize the need for further studies on the adverse health effects related to long-term, chronic exposure to hydrogen sulfide.
Five years of operating experience at a large, utility-scale photovoltaic generating plant

Tucson Electric Power Company (TEP), headquartered in Tucson, AZ, currently has nearly 5·0 MWdc of utility-scale grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems installed in its service territory. These systems have been installed through a multiyear, pay-as-you-go development of renewable energy, with kWhac energy production as a key program measurement. This PV capacity includes a total of 26 crystalline silicon collector systems, each rated at 135 kWdc for a total of 3·51 MWdc, that have been installed at the Springerville, AZ generating plant by TEP making this one of the largest PV plants in the world. This facility started operations in 2001 and recently passed the 5-year milestone of continuous operations. These systems were installed in a standardized, cookie-cutter approach whereby each uses the same array field design, mounting hardware, electrical interconnection, and inverter unit. This approach has allowed TEP to achieve a total installed system cost of $5·40/Wdc and a TEP-calculated levelized energy cost of $0·062/kWhac for PV electrical generation. This paper presents an assessment of operating experience including performance, costs, maintenance, and plant operation over this 5-year period making this one of the most detailed and complete databases of utility-scale PV systems available to the US DOE Program. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A 1.2-V 77-dB 7.5-MHz Continuous-Time/Discrete-Time Cascaded ΣΔ Modulator

A hybrid ΣΔ modulator combines the anti-aliasing filtering and high sampling rate advantages of a continuous-time first stage with a low-power discrete-time second stage. A 0.18-μm CMOS experimental prototype samples signals at 240 MHz and achieves 77 dB of dynamic range and a peak SNDR of 67 dB for a signal bandwidth of 7.5 MHz, while dissipating 63.6 mW of analog power from a 1.2-V supply.
Seismic source representation in orthogonal functions

SUMMARY The moment tensor density is expanded in a series of orthogonal basis functions. The expansion coefficients represent integrated averages of the moment tensor density, a symmetric tensor of rank 2. A wide range of sources may be represented in this manner, from variable slip over a curved fault surface to the conventional point source expansion in moments. With this general formulation it is simple to change basis functions and to derive expressions for waveform inversion. Higher order terms in the expansion may be determined by a stable numerical integration over the basis elements.
Low-income parents' warmth and parent–child activities for children with disabilities, suspected delays and biological risks

Warm and responsive parenting is optimal for child development, but this style of parenting may be difficult for some parents to achieve. This study examines how parents' observed warmth and their reported frequency of parent–child activities were related to children's classifications as having biological risks or a range of disability indicators. Children were low-income prekindergarteners who participated in the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project Longitudinal Follow-up. Data from parent, early care and education staff reports, and direct child assessments were used to classify children into the following groups: disabilities, suspected delays, biological risks, disabilities and biological risk, suspected delays and biological risk, and no disability indicator. Socioeconomic status (ethnicity, maternal education and poverty level) and maternal depression were controlled in the analyses. The parents of children with disabilities and suspected delays evidenced significantly lower levels of warmth and less frequent parent–child activities compared with other parents. The parents of children with biological risk factors who did not also have disabilities or suspected delays did not exhibit decreased warmth and less frequent parent–child activities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global Citizenship: Extending Students' Knowledge and Action to the Global Context

Young adults living outside the U.S. tend to be more globally aware than most young adults living in the U.S. A representative poll of 18-24 year-olds indicated that U.S. residents of this age group have considerably less knowledge about international issues and geography in comparison to their counterparts living in other countries (i.e., Canada, France, Germany, Great Britain, Mexico, Japan, Italy, and Sweden) (National Geographic, 2002). The poll found that in comparison to their international counterparts, U.S. young adults scored far worse in locating countries on a map. For example, only 42 percent of U.S. 18-24 year-olds was able to locate Japan compared to 69 percent of 18-24 year-olds from other countries. This poll also reported that only 13 percent of U.S. young adults correctly located Iraq on a map while over double the number (34 percent) correctly indicated that that the reality television show, "Survivor," was located in the South Pacific. For the most part, young adults in the U.S. may kn...
Effectiveness of intravenous Augmentin in the treatment of thalassaemic patients with Yersinia enterocolitica infection

Four thalassaemic patients with severe Yersinia enterocolitica infection were treated effectively with Augmentin. In three patients initial treatment with ampicillin and gentamicin was not effective. Augmentin was well tolerated and no toxic effects were detected on biochemical and haematological follow-up.
Truck route planning in nonstationary stochastic networks with time windows at customer locations

Most existing methods for truck route planning assume known static data in an environment that is time varying and uncertain by nature, which limits their widespread applicability. The development of intelligent transportation systems such as the use of information technologies reduces the level of uncertainties and makes the use of more appropriate dynamic formulations and solutions feasible. In this paper, a truck route planning problem called stochastic traveling salesman problem with time windows (STSPTW) in which traveling times along roads and service times at customer locations are stochastic processes is investigated. A methodology is developed to estimate the truck arrival time at each customer location. Using estimated arrival times, an approximate solution method based on dynamic programming is proposed. The algorithm finds the best route with minimum expected cost while it guarantees certain levels of service are met. Simulation results are used to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm
Teaching ESL/EFL in a World of Social Media, Mash‐Ups, and Hyper‐Collaboration

This article explores the emerging pedagogical potential offered by today's technologies and how understanding the relationship between emerging technology and emerging pedagogy can enhance the teaching of English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL). The author begins with an overview of recent developments in the field, focused upon pedagogical practice and computer-assisted language learning (CALL), and then describes suggestions for incorporating various forms of social and new media within collaborative learning practices. By incorporating these forms of popular communication into language teaching, teachers can promote participation and engagement. They are also able to raise awareness of the benefits of various forms of literacy. The essay concludes with some thoughts about pedagogical and technological developments that teachers might anticipate in the future.
Evolving Roles for Physicians and Genetic Counselors in Managing Complex Genetic Disorders

Proponents of personalized medicine predict that genetic information will provide pivotal perspectives for the prevention and management of complex disorders. Personalized medicine differs from traditional Western medicine, in that it focuses on more complex disorders that require mechanistic disease modeling and outcome simulation by integrating genomic risk, environmental stressors, and biomarkers as indicators of disease state. This information could be useful to guide targeted therapy and prevent pathologic outcomes. However, gaps exist in the process of linking the pieces together; currently, genetic data are seldom used to assist physicians in clinical decision making. With rapid growth in genetic data and the requirements for new paradigms for complex disorders comes the need to train professionals to understand and manage the impact of genetic information on patients within these clinical settings. Here we describe the challenges, controversies, and opportunities for genetics and genetic counselors in managing complex disorders and discuss the rationale for modifications in genetic counselor training and function. We conclude that a major paradigm shift is underway and a compelling functional, ethical, and financial argument can be made for employing properly trained genetic counselors to be strategically positioned within the health-care industries that are responsible for managing complex disorders.
Polyene susceptibility is dependent on nitrogen source in the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans

Received 9 October 2007; returned 20 December 2007; revised 15 February 2008; accepted 18 February 2008 Objectives: Polyene antifungal drugs, including amphotericin B or nystatin, target ergosterol in the fungal plasma membrane and are used to treat systemic, vaginal and oral fungal infections. In the oral cavity, the available nitrogen sources are primarily in the form of proteins, which are poor nitrogen sources. This study evaluates the effect of protein as a nitrogen source on drug susceptibilities. Methods: Candida albicans was grown in protein [bovine serum albumin (BSA) or casein (CSN)] as a sole nitrogen source, in ammonium sulphate (AS) as a nitrogen source, or in both protein and AS. Results: Cells grown in BSA or CSN were 4- to 16-fold less susceptible to amphotericin B and nystatin than those grown in AS. Similar results were observed for cycloheximide, but not for fluconazole or caspofungin, and were observed for many C. albicans clinical isolates. The results were observed in two different media, and in broth and on agar. Cells grown under these nitrogen-poor conditions have a reduction in ergosterol sterol levels and a reduction in overall sterol synthesis. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis shows that some genes involved in sterol biosynthesis are induced under nitrogen-limiting conditions, consistent with the lower sterol levels. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that nitrogen source has a significant effect on polyene susceptibilities. As these nitrogen-limiting conditions mimic oral nitrogen availability, they suggest that in vitro polyene susceptibilities may overestimate the in vivo susceptibilities to polyene drugs in the mouth.
Nuclear waste in a repository: Amount as a factor in risk duration

Design of a repository for high-level nuclear waste material should take into account the relation of its size to the duration of its period of hazard in the event of a breach by groundwater and leach to the biosphere. The amount of a given hazardous nuclide that is potentially leachable depends, in addition to the initial amount of waste in the repository, on the time that has elapsed since the repository was put into operation; thus the time required to attain a given level of safety depends on the amount of waste, and for the principal heat-generating nuclides, this dependence is not trivial. Safety of repositories can be enhanced if they are designed to consist of leach-resistant watertight compartments; this in turn puts severe restrictions on the nature and technique of backfill. The long-term safety of repositories for disposal of high-level nuclear wastes, including possible unreprocessed spent-fuel rods, is of foremost consideration in the science of nuclear waste disposal [e.g., Burkholder et al., 1977; Logan, 1977; Bredehoeft et al., 1978; Interagency Review Group, 1979; Materials Research Society, 1979]. Most discussions center around the chemical, mechanical, thermal, and geological processes generated by the waste, by the engineering undertakings associated with the repository and its use, or by natural external processes such as groundwater flow, earthquake, climatic change, volcanism, erosion, and meteorite impact. I propose to show that under some reasonable circumstances the scale of the repository itself may influence the safety considerations.
Theoretical comparison of testing methods

Comparison of software testing methods is meaningful only if sound theory relates the properties compared to actual software quality. Existing comparisons typically use anecdotal foundations with no necessary relationship to quality, comparing methods on the basis of technical terms the methods themselves define. In the most seriously flawed work, one method whose efficacy is unknown is used as a standard for judging other methods! Random testing, as a method that can be related to quality (in both the conventional sense of statistical reliability, and the more stringent sense of software assurance), offers the opportunity for valid comparison.
Noncontiguous Protein Interaction Domains in Osteopontin Contribute to Enhance HIV-1 Replication

Osteopontin (OPN) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by T-cells, macrophages, osteoclasts, and several other cell types, which confers immunity to many intracellular pathogens. OPN was first identified as an early marker of cellular activation of T-lymphocytes and subsequently was shown to play a role in cancer through its ability to promote cell survival and inflammation. OPN levels are elevated in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected individuals and even more so in those suffering from HIV-related neurocognitive impairment. The infiltration of monocytes and macrophages both infected and uninfected into the brain is the first step in HIV pathogenesis of the central nervous system. Inhibition of OPN in macrophages significantly impairs HIV replication. In an effort to identify and understand the role of OPN in the neuropathogenesis of HIV infection, we are using a combination of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo approaches. In this study we have used a molecular approach and a surrogate cell culture model to identify the domains of OPN that are required to enhance HIV replication. We found that N- and C-terminal fragments, encoding multiple motifs including sequences involved in binding integrins and CD44, a domain know to promote adhesion contribute to OPN’s ability to increase HIV replication. Use of inhibitors against c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K) impaired the ability of OPN to increase the integrin subunit 1 or CD29 on the surface of HIV-infected and bystander cells. These results suggest that multiple OPN-regulated cellular pathways are commandeered by HIV to promote productive replication and cell-to-cell spread.
Pro: low central venous pressure during liver transplantation--not too low.

T HAS BEEN A FOREGONE conclusion that blood loss and red cell transfusion are major causes of adverse events complicating hepatic resections. The impressive gains that have been made in decreasing both morbidity and mortality after these large procedures have been due to a wide variety of factors.1 These range from innovation in surgical technique to improvements in intraoperative management that optimize organ perfusion and preserve organ function. However, in a series of 1,803 cases published in 2002, total blood loss and number of hepatic segments resected were the only factors found to be significant predictors of morbidity and mortality.2 Intraoperative blood loss continues to be a major source of concern. As a logical consequence, much attention has been focused on a wide array of approaches aimed at minimizing the magnitude and overall risk of hemorrhage as well as management of its sequelae during hepatic resections. At the same time, it has been recognized that there are serious risks to allogeneic blood transfusion. Viral, bacterial, and even prion transmissions have been reported. Furthermore, there are clinically relevant immunologic risks to the transfusion of even a single unit of packed red blood cells as well as the risk of transfusionrelated acute lung injury and the potential for simple clerical error leading to catastrophic transfusion reactions.3
Prediction of Coverage for Trans-Horizon HF Radar Systems

Coverage patterns for trans-horizon radar systems can be predicted both analytically and empirically. Empirical methods are preferred because of their rapid application and lack of need for elaborate computing facilities. In addition, the coverage techniques introduced may be used eventually to determine the slant range, absorption, and effective noise temperature of trans-horizon radar systems. Some of the fundamental considerations which influence the prediction of coverage, such as geographical location, and the diurnal, seasonal, and anomalous behavior of the ionosphere, are discussed qualitatively. In spite of these factors, however, it is shown how HF radar systems overcome the line-of-sight limitations imposed upon conventional microwave radar systems and theoretically permit up to four or five times the range for a single hop.
Comparison of PDE-Based Nonlinear Diffusion Approaches for Image Enhancement and Denoising in Optical Coherence Tomography

A comparison between two nonlinear diffusion methods for denoising OCT images is performed. Specifically, we compare and contrast the performance of the traditional nonlinear Perona-Malik filter with a complex diffusion filter that has been recently introduced by Gilboa . The complex diffusion approach based on the generalization of the nonlinear scale space to the complex domain by combining the diffusion and the free Schrodinger equation is evaluated on synthetic images and also on representative OCT images at various noise levels. The performance improvement over the traditional nonlinear Perona-Malik filter is quantified in terms of noise suppression, image structural preservation and visual quality. An average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of about 2.5 times and an average contrast to noise ratio (CNR) improvement of 49% was obtained while mean structure similarity (MSSIM) was practically not degraded after denoising. The nonlinear complex diffusion filtering can be applied with success to many OCT imaging applications. In summary, the numerical values of the image quality metrics along with the qualitative analysis results indicated the good feature preservation performance of the complex diffusion process, as desired for better diagnosis in medical imaging processing
American Society of Nephrology Presidential Address 2005.

“Science is the most communal of endeavors,” wrote the late and eloquent Dr. Lewis Thomas, who was one of my esteemed professors at New York University Medical School in the 1960s. In a Foreign Affairs monograph, Dr. Thomas described how the building blocks of physics and biology in this century
An Internet Survey of Individuals With Hearing Loss Regarding Assistive Listening Devices

An Internet survey of individuals with hearing loss was conducted to determine their use of assistive listening devices for face-to-face conversation and, while part of an audience, their satisfaction with assistive listening devices, their interest in the concept of a universal assistive listening device receiver, and their interest in receiving audiologic information and services through the Internet. The 423 respondents who used assistive listening devices found them to be of significant benefit across a range of listening situations. Most respondents were open to the idea of purchasing a personal device that could work both with hearing aids and a range of transmission media. Probably because of the sampling bias inherent in an Internet survey, respondents were inclined to choose Internet-based and peer-based sources of information, and made many suggestions for both improving assistive listening devices and for improving information available about them by using the Internet.
A Role for Arf6 in G Protein-coupled Receptor Desensitization

In addition to its roles in changes in the actin cytoskeleton and lipid metabolism at the plasma membrane, recent results suggest that Arf6 also participates in desensitization and internalization of G-protein-coupled receptors. The evidence to support this novel function for Arf6 is reviewed in this chapter.
Higher Trophic Levels

Although there has been considerable research on animals in Lake Mendota over the past 90 years, there has been little attempt at a quantitative assessment of standing crop, except for the work on Zooplankton already discussed in Chapter 6. The present chapter is intended to present a brief overview of previous work on higher trophic levels.
INCREASED RECOGNITION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN US HOSPITALS THROUGH INCREASED USE OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTS, 1970–1976

To assess the influence of physicians' diagnostic practices on the recognition of nosocomial infections, the authors analyzed data collected on 339,044 patients selected randomly from admissions in 1970 and 1975-1976 to 338 randomly selected hospitals representative of all acute-care US hospitals. Eight rates representing the frequency of cultures or chest x-rays among patients with or without signs of infection were calculated. These varied widely among hospitals, were highest in teaching hospitals and in the Northeast, but increased more among small hospitals and in the South and West. Rates of performing urine cultures and reporting colony counts were highly correlated with observed rates of nosocomial urinary tract infection. Analogous measures were moderately correlated with observed bacteremia rates and pneumonia rates but were only weakly associated with surgical wound infection rates. These data indicate that the nationwide increase in the use of these diagnostic tests increased the recognition of infectious diseases in US hospitals.
Artificial enrichment of beet root tissue with glutamine.

SummaryThe glutamine content of beet root tissue to be used for the preparation of glutamine on the large scale can be materially increased if the roots of the plants with tops attached as purchased in the market are immersed in 0.15 M ammonium sulfate solution for from 4 to 6 days before being trimmed and extracted with water. Tissue that will yield 5 g or more of glutamine per kg can be prepared in this way. A demonstration is afforded that, contrary to earlier observations, significant losses of glutamine are experienced if beet root tissue is dried at 80°C in preparation for analysis.
A Brain-Based Adaptive Automation System and Situation Awareness: The Role of Complacency Potential:

The present study assessed situation awareness with individuals who differed in automation complacency potential using a brain-based adaptive automation system. All participants were administered a measure of complacency potential and performed a suite of tasks while monitoring several displays. A biocybernetic system was used to switch tasks between automatic and manual modes. For half of the participants, a psychophysiological index of engagement derived from their own EEG signals was used to control the task mode switches. The remaining participants operated under a pattern of task mode switches that were not derived from their EEG signals, but instead from records created by the participants in the other group. The results indicated that those individuals predisposed toward automation complacency demonstrated lower levels of situation awareness. Further, the lowest levels of situation awareness were observed for those participants predisposed toward automation complacency operating under a pattern of ...
Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 28-2005. A 42-year-old man with weight loss, weakness, and a rash.

A 42-year-old man who had had steroid-dependent asthma for three years, weight loss for eight months, hematuria for two months, and rash, weakness, and hemoptysis for several days was admitted to the hospital. He had pedal edema; palpable purpura on the hands, feet, and lower legs; and motor weakness of the legs with sensory abnormalities.
Do potential people have moral rights

(1977). Do Potential People Have Moral Rights? Canadian Journal of Philosophy: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 275-289.
The Design of Embedded Voice Dialing System Based on DSR Mode

The Distributed Speech Recognition (DSR) to design and implement the voice dialing system of the mobile phone are introduced. The feature parameters are extracted on the site of client (phone), then transmitted over a channel to the server to train and recognize, and the results are sent back to the client (phone). Through the experiment, the recognition rate of this voice dialing system is above 90%. The quality of the voice and the speed of the recognition process are improved greatly.
Analysis of charge rejection by an ionomeric plasma polymerized film for biomedical sensor applications

A thin novel ionomeric plasma polymerized perfluoroallylphosphonic acid (PPPAPA) film has been developed to improve biomedical sensor ionic selectivity. PPPAPA films (average thickness 470nm) were deposited on gold wire electrodes. The ability of PPPAPA to reject a negative organic interferant, ascorbate, was compared with the transport of a positive organic ion, dopamine, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronocoulometry. From analysis of CV data, PPPAPA film-coated gold electrodes showed a 50% reduction in current density response for ascorbate and a 5% reduction in response for dopamine compared with bare gold electrodes. Apparent analyte diffusion coefficients, calculated from chronocoulometry of PPPAPA film-coated electrodes, showed a 50% reduction for ascorbate transport compared with dopamine. The results demonstrate that PPPAPA films are ion-selective and may have potential application as a biomedical sensor coating.
Flexure Wood: Mechanical Stress Induced Secondary Xylem Formation

As a tree grows and increases in size and height, it increases exposure to greater mechanical stresses. The most common of these mechanical stresses is loading due to self-loading and wind. Other loads include those imposed by the accumulation of water, ice, or snow in the crown. The loading due to displacement with regard to the force of gravity can also induce a mechanical load on the trunk or branches of a tree. The degree to which a tree is exposed to these mechanical loads oftentimes is a function of the environment in which the tree grows; its position within a forest, exposed in an open field, along shorelines or ridges, or growing in regions of heavy winter precipitation. Trees respond to mechanical loads by altering their wood formation, altering the physical and chemical structure of the xylem to better compensate to the mechanical environment. In general, these alterations result in the formation of flexure wood, which is characterized by an increase in xylem production in the axis of the mechanical load increasing the second moment of cross-sectional area, an increase in cellulose microfibrillar angle in the secondary cell wall, and decrease in the elastic modulus. These modifications withstand additional loading and reduce the potential for mechanical failure of stems and branches.
Advanced model order reduction technique in real-life IC/package design

An real-life packaging is a multi-port system with a wide band frequency of interest. The efficient solution of such multi-input/multi-output responses over a wide frequency band adds extraordinary computational complexity to Electromagnetic simulation. In this paper, we proposed an advance model order reduction (MOR) algorithm, that is capable of producing fast and accurate computation of multi-port multi-frequency responses. This MOR technique is based on a multipoint Galerkin asymptotic waveform evaluation (MGAWE) to automate the fast frequency sweep process, and a recycling Krylov subspaces method, GCRO-DR, to gain further efficiency and to reduce the needed matrix-vector (MV) multiplications required in solving DDM matrix equation at different frequencies with multi-port excitation. Numerical results verify the analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method on a real-life 3-D full package signal integrity analysis.
Con Aprecio / With Appreciation: Pushing Beyond the Boundaries of Possibility in Educational Professional Development

The need for relevant, continuous, and restorative professional development is evident at all levels of teacher education. As teachers teaching teachers and educators educating educators, we aspire to implement meaningful, sustaining, learning experiences that make a difference in the lives of children, families, educators, and communities. This reflective testimony calls us to consider the funds of knowledge and example of our colleagues in the tireless quest to embody and enact civil rights law, and move beyond the boundaries of possibility in educational professional development to actualize educational equity and social justice.
Quantum sensing using coherent control of near-field polarization of quantum dot-metallic nanoparticle molecules

We theoretically study the impact of quantum coherence on the states of polarization of the plasmonic fields of a quantum dot-metallic nanoparticle system. Via tracing Stokes parameters we predict that, depending on the refractive index of the environment, such a system can pass through different states of polarization with certain ellipticity and handedness. We demonstrate that this allows the nanoparticle system to act as a quantum sensor, wherein ultrasmall changes in the refractive index can lead to distinct changes in the time-dependent evolution of states of polarization (Stokes vector) of the plasmonic fields. Our numerical analysis also shows how these states can become strongly dependent on the intensity and frequency of the laser field responsible for the generation of quantum coherence. Possible applications for high resolution investigation of conformational dynamics and structures of biological molecules are discussed.
Low rates of androgen deprivation therapy use with salvage radiation therapy in patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy

Abstract Objective The RTOG 9601 and GETUG-AFU 16 randomized controlled trials demonstrated that the addition of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to salvage radiation therapy (SRT) improves progression-free and, for RTOG 9601, overall survival. We examined national trends in the use of ADT with SRT. Materials and methods Of the 484,009 patients in the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2012 with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy (RP), 4,200 men received SRT (≥6 mo after surgery). We used Pearson’s chi-squared test to evaluate changes in ADT use, and multiple logistic regression to examine predictors of ADT use. Results Overall, 32.1% of SRT patients received ADT, which increased after initial results of RTOG 9601 showed an improvement in metastasis-free survival in 2010 (28.5% in 2008/2009 vs. 34.5% in 2011/2012, P = 0.006). Predictors of ADT use include presurgery prostate-specific antigen>20 ng/ml vs. P = 0.002; 36.7% vs. 29.6%); positive vs. negative margins (AOR = 1.29, P = 0.001; 34.9% vs. 27.8%); Gleason 3+4 (AOR = 1.53; 21.3%), Gleason 4+3 (AOR = 2.40; 32.0%), or Gleason 8 to 10 (AOR = 4.49; 49.2%) vs. Gleason 2 to 6 ( P ≤0.005 for all; 13.2%); and pathologic T3a (AOR = 1.46; 30.9%), T3b (AOR = 2.50; 47.6%), or T4 (AOR = 4.14; 60.9%) vs. T2 ( P P ≤0.002 for both; 35.0%). Conclusion Although less than one-third of SRT patients from the study era received ADT, there is evidence that physicians and patients have begun slowly adopting this practice with the 2010 reporting of a decrease in the cumulative incidence of metastases with the addition of ADT to SRT. Given the newly reported survival benefit of RTOG 9601, additional work will be necessary to identify which patients benefit the most from the use of ADT with SRT to individualize treatment.
Predicting Face Recognition Performance in Unconstrained Environments

While face recognition algorithms perform under many different unconstrained conditions, predicting this performance is not possible when a new location is introduced. Analyzing the impostor distribution of the videos of the Point-and-Shoot Challenge (PaSC) as well as its relationship to the genuine match distribution, we present a method for predicting the performance of an algorithm using only unlabeled data for a new location.
Increasing prostate cancer awareness in African American men.

Purpose/objectives To describe the knowledge base of African American men regarding prostate cancer and evaluate the immediate effects of an educational intervention on short-term knowledge acquisition. Design Prospective one group pretest/post-test. Setting Church meetings, Salvation Army senior meetings, health fairs, and senior citizens' meetings in the African American community of a large midwestern city. Sample Convenience sample of 75 African American men (ages 23-88) who completed a pre- and postintervention questionnaire regarding knowledge and awareness of prostate cancer. Method The questionnaire was based on patient education material from the American Cancer Society. The instrument consisted of seven statements related to prostate cancer incidence, risk factors, and detection. Following completion of the preintervention questionnaire, the investigator provided subjects with information on prostate cancer. Subjects were retested. Main research variables Knowledge and awareness of prostate cancer including incidence, risk factors, and detection in African American men. Findings Correct responses increased from 23% (preeducation) to 64% (posteducation). The three most frequently missed questions on the pretest related to urinary frequency as an early sign of prostate cancer incidence of prostate cancer in African American men, and increased risk among African American men for prostate cancer when compared to Caucasian men. These items remained the three most frequently missed questions on the post-test. Conclusions An educational intervention had a positive effect on short-term knowledge and awareness of prostate cancer in African American men. Additional research is necessary to assess long-term retention of information and what effect, if any, increased knowledge has on health behavior. Implications for nursing practice Continued efforts are warranted to encourage this high-risk group to participate in prostate screenings. To influence health behavior, patient education and information regarding the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer is critical in this high-risk population.
Integration by Parts: Wordplay, Abuses of Language, and Modern Mathematical Theory on the Move

This paper accounts for the intercontinental elaboration of French mathematician Laurent Schwartz’s theory of distributions in the years immediately following World War II by tracing how mathematicians explained the theory to each other, advanced new interpretations, and reconciled existing ones. Situating distributions in mathematicians’ changing contexts of funding, travel, and publication, especially in connection with the postwar reconstruction of international science, I argue that wordplay and suggestive comparisons—often termed “abuses of language”—helped tie communities of scholars together across disparate geographies and fields of study. Material limits and linguistic ambiguity, here, offered important resources for asserting relevance and unity in a fragmented and heterogeneous discipline. I show in particular how reinterpretations and puns of the calculus technique of integration by parts helped advocates of Schwartz’s theory create a far-reaching community of students and researchers that was itself partially integrated—with distributions’ scholars believing themselves to be using a common theory while understanding and using that theory in considerably different (if sometimes mutually recognizable) ways. If exponents of modern mathematical research and pedagogy tend to emphasize settled theories and stabilized innovations, the history of these activities demands a converse emphasis on the variable and ongoing labor required to reconcile techniques and concepts—a labor that often hinges on theories’ instability, pliability, and susceptibility to play.
Regulation of intracellular free Mg2+ and contraction in single adult mammalian cardiac myocytes.

Studies in isolated cardiac myocytes have increased our understanding of intracellular Ca2+ regulation. Because less is known about Mg2+ regulation, adult rat ventricular myocytes were loaded with the Mg(2+)-sensitive fluorescent probe mag-indo 1, and changes in intracellular Mg2+ concentration ([Mg2+]i) and cell length were examined under a variety of conditions. The fluorescent signal was calibrated intracellularly and found to differ slightly from that for the probe in solution. Roughly 40% of the signal was intramitochondrial; the remainder was localized in the cytosol. Basal [Mg2+]i averaged 1.02 +/- 0.03 mM (n = 53 cells). No change in [Mg2+]i was observed during a single electrically stimulated contraction, and only a minor increase was seen during rapid electrical stimulation, which was expected to raise intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) to approximately 1 microM. An acid shift in intracellular pH of approximately 1 pH unit was accompanied by a small change in [Mg2+]i (0.34 +/- 0.03 mM, n...
MLCPM: A process monitoring framework for 3D metal printing in industrial scale

Abstract Metal 3D printing is one of the fastest growing additive manufacturing (AM) technologies in recent years. Despite much improvements in its technical capabilities, reliable metal printing is still not well understood. One of the barriers of industrialization of metal AM is process monitoring and quality assurance of the printed product. These barriers are especially much highlighted in aerospace and medical device manufacturing industries where the high reliable and quality products are needed. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is one of the main metal 3D printing methods where more than 50 parameters may affect the quality of the print. However, current SLM printing processes only utilize a fraction of the collected data for quality related tasks. This study proposes a process monitoring framework named MLCPM (Multi-Layer Classifier for Process Monitoring) to predict the likelihood of successful printing at critical printing stages based on collective data provided by identical 3D printing machines producing the same part. The proposed framework provides a blueprint for control strategies during a printing process and aims to prevent defects using data-driven techniques. A numerical study using simulated data is provided to demonstrate how the proposed method can be implemented.
Superficial Dermatophyte/Tinea

Superficial dermatophytoses are among the most common infectious diseases world-wide. Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton, the ‘dermatophytes’, comprise the three genera of fungi able to invade and thrive in keratinized tissue causing inflammation that leads to considerable morbidity. The infections are named “tinea” followed by the Latin word for the affected site (e.g. tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea pedis).
The effect of mood phases on balance control in bipolar disorder.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate balance control during gait and sit-to-walk in individuals with bipolar disorder and healthy controls by examining the inclination angles between the whole-body center-of-mass (COM) and ankle in the sagittal plane. Twenty-one individuals with bipolar disorder in the euthymic (i.e., asymptomatic; n = 11) and depressed (n = 10) phases and 7 healthy controls (ages between 18 and 45) performed gait and sit-to-walk at self-selected comfortable speed. Mood phases for individuals with bipolar disorder were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire and Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale. We collected motion data using a 16-camera motion capture technology. We found smaller COM-ankle inclination angles at seat-off during sit-to-walk for the bipolar-depressed group compared to the bipolar-euthymic and healthy groups, indicating poorly controlled balance for the bipolar-depressed group in sit-to-walk. However, we found larger COM-ankle inclination angles at beginning of single stance phase of gait for the bipolar-euthymic group compared to the healthy group, indicating well controlled balance for the bipolar-euthymic group in gait. Our results suggest an association between the depressed phase and balance impairment during daily movements in relatively young adults (ages ≤ 45 years). Our results also suggest that the depressed phase may be as detrimental to balance control as the effect of age-related neuromuscular weakness.
A Novel, Automated Text-Messaging System Is Effective in Patients Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty

Background:Digital patient engagement platforms are designed to improve the efficacy of the perioperative surgical home, but the currently available solutions have shown low patient and provider adoption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a text-messaging (Short Message
Calculating the posterior odds from a single-match DNA database search

Forensic evidence is often quantified by statisticians in terms of a likelihood ratio. When the evidence consists of a DNA match, the likelihood ratio is equal to the reciprocal of the ‘random match probability’ (p). When p is small (e.g. 1/10 million), the likelihood ratio is large (e.g. 10 million to 1). However, when a single match is obtained by searching a database, the prior odds that the forensic DNA was deposited by the matcher can be extremely low, in which case the posterior odds can be low as well despite the high likelihood ratio. Unfortunately, prosecutors, judges and jurors are at risk of misinterpreting the likelihood ratio as the posterior odds, a pervasive reasoning error known as base-rate neglect. Here, we propose a solution to that problem, which consists of evaluating the prior odds based on a case-independent estimate of the size of the active criminal population derived from database search statistics. The posterior odds that the forensic DNA belongs to the unidentified single-matcher can then be calculated (avoiding base-rate neglect).
The use of 3D scanning for wellness assessment purposes

The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the accuracy of 3D Scanners for measuring body volume index of the subject, and 2) to apply the body volume index of the subject for using as wellness assessment purposes.