cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Synergized Pyrethrin Aerosol for Control of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Aerosol insecticides are being used in flour mill pest management programs, but there is limited information on their efficacy on different insect life stages. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin applied as an aerosol against eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), and the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. Effects of direct and indirect exposure were evaluated by exposing each life stage to the aerosol and then transferring to untreated flour, transferring untreated insects to treated flour, or exposing both the insects and the flour to the aerosol. The aerosol produced >88% mortality of both species and all life stages when insects were directly treated and transferred to either treated or untreated flour. Mortality was significantly reduced when insects were either treated together with flour or untreated insects were transferred to treated flour (indirect exposure to the aerosol). Larvae and adults of both species were more tolerant compared with eggs and pupae. Recovery of moribund adults in the indirect exposure treatments was greater compared with recovery of moribund insects in the direct exposure treatments. Good sanitation before aerosol application could facilitate direct exposure of insects and thus increase aerosol efficacy inside flour mills.
Sonography of Pediatric Renal Tumors

Ultrasonography (US) plays a crucial role in the imaging investigation of pediatric renal tumors as it is easily performed without the need for sedation or ionizing radiation. Gray-scale imaging can readily differentiate solid from cystic lesions. Color Doppler US with spectral analysis is used to evaluate the integrity of the renal vasculature. Once a solid lesion is demonstrated and a malignant neoplasm is suspected, cross-sectional imaging with CT or MR is performed to better delineate the extent of disease. Wilms' tumor is the most common pediatric solid renal mass. Distinct clinical and imaging features that aid in differentiating Wilms' tumor from other renal masses of childhood are described.
Coadministration of Co-trimoxazole With Sulfonylureas: Hypoglycemia Events and Pattern of Use

Glyburide and glipizide are commonly used sulfonylurea antidiabetic drugs (1). However, the effect of glyburide and glipizide may be altered by drugs that inhibit CYP2C9, a cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in glyburide and glipizide metabolism in the liver (2,3). Co-trimoxazole, a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, was found to inhibit the activities of CYP2C9 (3). Juurlink and coworkers reported that use of co-trimoxazole is associated with a sixfold greater risk of hospitalization for hypoglycemia among older patients taking glyburide in Canada, compared with those using amoxicillin (4). Similarly, Schelleman and coworkers reported that use of co-trimoxazole is associated with 3 times higher odds of hospitalization due to hypoglycemia among Medicaid patients who took glipizide, using cephalexin as the reference (5). Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to infection because of their hyperglycemic environment and impaired immune function (6). Although co-trimoxazole is generally considered a safe broad-spectrum antibiotic, it should be avoided in diabetic patients taking glyburide or glipizide (7). Few studies have evaluated the prevalence of exposure to potential drug interactions (8,9). For example, a recent hospital-based study found that 80% of older patients with polypharmacy (>5 drugs) had been exposed to at least one of the 238 potential cytochrome P450-mediated drug–drug interactions during their stay in a community hospital (9). Little is known about the prevalence of clinically significant drug interactions in outpatient settings. This study assessed the prevalence of coadministration of co-trimoxazole with sulfonylureas and risk of subsequent emergency room (ER) visits for hypoglycemia among older patients with diabetes. We also examined the pattern of such coadministration, associated factors, and its geographic variation across the United States. We hypothesized that patients with poor access to primary care, those with multiple prescribers and those on a greater number of medications would have higher risk of exposure to potential drug interaction.
Glucose monitoring in neonates: need for accurate and non-invasive methods

Neonatal hypoglycaemia can lead to devastating consequences. Thus, constant, accurate and safe glucose monitoring is imperative in neonatal care. However, point-of-care (POC) devices for glucose testing currently used for neonates were originally designed for adults and do not address issues specific to neonates. This review will address currently available monitoring options and describe new methodologies for non-invasive glucose monitoring in newborns.
A CIS-Acting Mutation within the MATa Locus of SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE That Prevents Efficient Homothallic Mating-Type Switching.

Homothallic strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are able to switch from one mating-type to the other as frequently as every cell division. We have identified a cis-dominant mutation of the MATa locus, designated MATa-inc, that can be converted to MATα at only about 5% of the normal efficiency. In homothallic MATa-inc/mata* diploids, the MATa-inc locus switched to MATα in only one of 30 cases, while the mata* locus switched to MATα in all 30 cases. The MATa-inc mutation can be "healed" by a series of switches, first to MATα and then to a normal allele of MATa. These data are consistent with the "cassette" model of Hicks, Strathern and Herskowitz (1977), in which mating conversions involve the transposition of wild-type copies of a or α information from silent genes elsewhere in the genome. The MATa-inc mutation appears to alter a DNA sequence necessary for the replacement of MATa by MATα. The MATa-inc mutation has no other effect on MATa functions. In beterothallic backgrounds, the mutation has no effect on the sensitivity to α-factor, synthesis of a-factor, expression of barrier phenotype or ability to mate or sporulate.——The MATa-inc allele does, however, exhibit one pleiotropic effect. About 1% of homothallic MATa-inc cells become completely unable to switch mating type because of mutations at HMa, the locus proposed to carry the silent copy of α information.——In addition, we have isolated a less efficient allele of the HO gene.
The Complement of Protein Phosphatase Catalytic Subunits Encoded in the Genome of Arabidopsis

Reversible protein phosphorylation is critically important in the modulation of a wide variety of cellular functions. Several families of protein phosphatases remove phosphate groups placed on key cellular proteins by protein kinases. The complete genomic sequence of the model plant Arabidopsis permits a comprehensive survey of the phosphatases encoded by this organism. Several errors in the sequencing project gene models were found via analysis of predicted phosphatase coding sequences. Structural sequence probes from aligned and unaligned sequence models, and all-against-all BLAST searches, were used to identify 112 phosphatase catalytic subunit sequences, distributed among the serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr) phosphatases (STs) of the protein phosphatase P (PPP) family, STs of the protein phosphatase M (PPM) family (protein phosphatases 2C [PP2Cs] subfamily), protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphatases (PTPs), low-Mr protein Tyr phosphatases, and dual-specificity (Tyr and Ser/Thr) phosphatases (DSPs). The Arabidopsis genome contains an abundance of PP2Cs (69) and a dearth of PTPs (one). Eight sequences were identified as new protein phosphatase candidates: five dual-specificity phosphatases and three PP2Cs. We used phylogenetic analyses to infer clustering patterns reflecting sequence similarity and evolutionary ancestry. These clusters, particularly for the largely unexplored PP2C set, will be a rich source of material for plant biologists, allowing the systematic sampling of protein function by genetic and biochemical means.
The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha. 3. Determination of phase transition temperatures for gutta-percha.

Thesis (M.Sc.D.)--Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry, Dept. of Endodontics, 1973.
Institutional Integrity Through Periods of Significant Change

Integrity is a word denoting adherence to a certain value base or code of behavior. Identity denotes the distinguishing character or personality of an individual or group. Integrity and identity are connected because integrity is faithfulness to core identity through periods of change. This paper is a sociological case study of Loma Linda University’s (LLU) identity and integrity through about 100 years of rapid change from 1905–1998. As a Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) healthcare and educational institution in Southern California, LLU made and still maintains simultaneous commitments to health care, religion and education. This chapter explores the development of those commitments and their influence on institutional integrity. This chapter grows out of a larger study of Loma Linda University’s organizational development (Covrig, 1999).
In Vitro Maturation of Mammalian Oocytes

Efforts to optimize oocyte quality as a result of in vitro maturation (IVM) are critical to achieving patient-specific success in assisted reproductive techniques. Traditional approaches to human IVM have been replaced by methodologies aimed at recapitula­ting the changing milieu of the ovulatory follicle following reception of signals initiated by LH. These include the deployment of sequential media changes that more accurately reflect the temporal shift in balance between biosynthetic and metabolic alterations that occur within the cumulus cells and their enclosed oocytes. Distinctions in cumulus cell physiology and gene expression in an in vivo and in vitro context are likely to serve as useful noninvasive biomarkers for the developmental potential of human oocytes that complete nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation under ex vivo conditions.
Children Who Get Ahead

In this chapter you will meet three children. None of them could read a single word in the first preprimer at the beginning of first grade. Yet all three learned to read and write with relative ease in first grade. Jenny entered first grade with several major advantages: high phonemic awareness, perfect letter recognition, and high listening comprehension. She soared in first grade, though she may not have been challenged enough in her reading in subsequent grades. Leon entered with slightly less initial letter recognition and listening comprehension than Jenny, and considerably less phonemic awareness. He was placed in the lowest reading group in his class, a group that remained in readiness materials until February. Due to this placement, he may not have learned as much in reading in first grade as he was capable. By second grade he did much better. Finally, I will discuss Marcela. Marcela was very weak in oral language and listening comprehension in first grade, but very strong in phonemic awareness and letter recognition. She learned to read well in first grade and her listening comprehension steadily grew in each grade. Marcela’s writing, however, did not progress as well. The emerging literacy of these three children will be related to the models discussed in Chapters 1 and 2.
Introduction to Immunotoxicity

Recognition that the immune system is vulnerable to adverse effects after exposure to xenobiotics led to the discipline of immunotoxicology and the subsequent addition of immunotoxicology testing to regulatory guidelines for toxicity. Immunotoxic effects can result in immunosuppression, immunostimulation, hypersensitivity, and autoimmunity. The complex nature of the immune system is such that all of these outcomes can potentially affect any number of components of the immune system. In turn, these immunotoxic effects can lead to immune dysfunction that may ultimately contribute to chronic diseases. This chapter will provide a very basic overview of the components of the immune system including innate immunity and adaptive immunity. A number of model systems and assays are described that are commonly used to assess the immunotoxicity of xenobiotics on the immune system. Although these are primarily in vivo based immunoassays, in vitro assays are having a greater role in determining immunotoxic effects and mechanisms of toxicity. Several regulatory agencies have begun to incorporate immunotoxicology testing in their guidelines. The current status of six regulatory guidelines is presented.
Millsaps minor tracking program

This project was to design a Minor Tracking Program for Millsaps College. Millsaps is currently capable of tracking a student's major. There is, however, no system that allows an advisor to track her/his student's proximity to a minor. For instance, as an example, Dr. Fermon may want to get a list of all her students and the minors that each is within 8 hours of obtaining. The Minor Tracking Program will output a list with the following columns: Student name, Student SSN, Minor Name, and # of Hours to Obtain that minor. All minors that each student is within 2 classes of obtaining will be listed.
Racial disparities in stress test utilization in an emergency department chest pain unit.

Background:Epidemiological studies have demonstrated racial disparities in the workup of emergency department patients with chest pain and the referral of admitted patients for intervention. However, little is known about possible disparities in stress test utilization in low-risk chest pain patient
Modifying disease in cystic fibrosis: current and future therapies on the horizon.

Purpose of review Recent therapies directed at proximal targets within cystic fibrosis (CF) pathophysiology hold potential to modulate disease. This review highlights recent clinical trials and future therapies focused on these early steps of disease. Recent findings Recent approval of a CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein modulator, ivacaftor (Kalydeco), has ignited a wave of investigations for other modulators directed at CFTR mutation classes. Gene replacement therapy continues to be pursued at a slower pace in early phase clinical trials. Airway surface liquid strategies such as dry-powder mannitol and alternate ion channel regulation are discussed as genotype-independent methods of early modulation. Summary The breadth of therapies for early targets of CF holds considerable hope to modify the natural history of this disease. Ongoing focus to develop novel markers of early disease state is paramount. The progress of drug development requires concurrent attention on a spectrum of targets to achieve maximal impact.
Chest pain in a patient with a tall R wave in V1.

An 83-year-old man 2 days postoperative from L3 to L5 laminectomy developed sudden onset of chest pain. Initial ECGs demonstrated a tall R wave in V1 and ST-segment depression in leads V2–V5. A posterior ECG was performed, but failed to demonstrate ST elevations. The patient was initially treated as an non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with weight-based enoxaparin. On further review, the patient9s ECG was identified as a STEMI equivalent, and he underwent cardiac catheterisation. He was noted to have a near complete occlusion of the posterior descending branch of the right coronary artery (RCA). Bare-metal stents were placed in the proximal and distal RCA, with restored flow distal to the lesions. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit for observation, and was noted to develop atrial fibrillation. Rate control was achieved with diltiazem, and the patient was started on dabigatran. Medical therapy including aspirin and clopidogrel was initiated, and the patient was discharged home.
Quality Research - Need of the Hour

Education is always a search for quality and excellence. It opens the horizon of the human mind full of prospects and possibilities, visions, and fulfillment. Today, the system as whole of higher education in India has grown. However, we fail to maintain quality along with growth. Research as a vehicle for development cannot be overlooked. Looking through the history of mankind; research has identified as a single force that has added real and unquantifiable value to a population’s standard of living. Therefore research and development (R&D) is an important tool for advancing knowledge, stimulating and promoting progress, as well as searching for and coordinating of scientific facts.Over the years, researches in every field have been able to come out with tangible and substantial results, which have been able to positively change the quality and the standard of life. There have been a lot of differences in every facet of life between the Stone Age and the Computer Age. Rapid development is a result of meaningful and qualitative research. Therefore, a government that wants an improvement in the quality of the lives of its citizens should never relegate research to the background. It has been discovered that the importance of research has been enormous so that it cannot be neglected. More works and development have been made as a result of the review of the previous works accomplished by others. This has gone a long way in making life more worth living and comfortable not only for the researchers themselves but also for the general population. It is also pertinent to note at this point, that most research leads to development. Most developments therefore are a direct product of basic and applied research works. The study reveals the quality consciousness of good research and also made to highlight the need for promoting quality research.
“On the Optimal Control, Relaxation and Variational Stability of Nonlinear Distributed Parameter Systems”

In this paper we study optimal control problems of systems governed by nonlinear evolution equations. First using a convexity hypothesis and the Cesari-Rockafellar reduction technique, we establish the existence of optimal admissible pairs. Then we examine the relaxation of the original problem. We consider two relaxation methods. One based.on transition probabilities and the other on the Γ—regularization of the cost functional. This way we derive three different formulations of the relaxed problem which we compare. Next we study the changes in the value of the problem when we perturb its data and relate variational stability and relaxability. Finally we derive necessary conditions for optimality using a penalty function approach.
An Optimistic Nested Transaction Model in Workflow

An optimistic nested transaction workflow model is presented to solve some problem which is existed among workflow transaction management in this paper. The optimistic nested transaction workflow model adopts many tech- nologies, such as multi-data version, three-phase concurrent control protocol and timestamp. It sorts workflow activi- ties to assure reliability and correctness of long-running transaction and/or collaborative transaction, and to get a high level efficiency of system ability of computing. The optimistic nested transaction workflow mode defines completely primitives and semantic transaction operator. A mapping is also presented from optimistic nested transaction workflow mode to Extend Xinpai driven Distributed Workflow Model in this paper. The optimistic nested transaction workflow model is consistent with Extend Xinpai driven Distributed Workflow Model in workflow process running-time and building-time.
Usefulness of MR 3D navigator vascular imaging in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms

Objective:To assess MR 3D Navigator Vascular Imaging for the detection and characterization of the intracranial aneurysms with focus on its neck and opening for planing the treatment of aneurysms.Methods:A total of 35 patients with 40 aneurysms surgically or DSA proven were studied.MR 3D Navigator Vascular Imaging were performed using source images from 3D TOF or 3D TOF with ZIP (Zerofill Interpolation Processing).MR 3D Navigator included exoscopic surface rendering and Virtual intravascular endoscopy (VIE).Results:MR 3D Navigator provided better visualization of the neck of the aneurysm (90%),its location,morphology and adjunct vessels,and better detection of small aneurysms (94%) than original source images and other postprocessing techniques.VIE clearly showed the inner surface of the vessels and aneurysms including the orifice and thrombosis etc..Conclusion:MR 3D Navigator can better detect the presence,location,morphology and neck of the aneurysm and help for making plan for surgical and interventional treatment and follow up the size,patency of the aneurysm after intravascular embolization and other therapy.
Neural mechanisms of negative symptoms.

When Kraepelin originally defined and described dementia praecox, he assumed that it was due to some type of neural mechanism. He hypothesised that abnormalities could occur in a variety of brain regions, including the prefrontal, auditory, and language regions of the cortex. Many members of his department, including Alzheimer and Nissl, were actively involved in the search for the neuropathological lesions that would characterise schizophrenia. Although Kraepelin did not use the term ‘negative symptoms', he describes them comprehensively and states explicitly that he believes the symptoms of schizophrenia can be explained in terms of brain dysfunction: “If it should be confirmed that the disease attacks by preference the frontal areas of the brain, the central convolutions and central lobes, this distribution would in a certain measure agree with our present views about the site of the psychic mechanisms which are principally injured by the disease. On various grounds, it is easy to believe that the frontal cortex, which is specially well developed in man, stands in closer relation to his higher intellectual abilities, and these are the faculties which in our patients invariably suffer profound loss in contrast to memory and acquired ability.” Kraepelin (1919, p. 219)
Evaluating the complexity of online patient education materials about brain aneurysms published by major academic institutions.

OBJECTIVEHealth care education resources are increasingly available on the Internet. A majority of people reference these resources at one point or another. A threshold literacy level is needed to comprehend the information presented within these materials. A key component of health literacy is the readability of educational resources. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the American Medical Association have recommended that patient education materials be written between a 4th- and a 6th-grade education level. The authors assessed the readability of online patient education materials about brain aneurysms that have been published by several academic institutions across the US.METHODSOnline patient education materials about brain aneurysms were downloaded from the websites of 20 academic institutions. The materials were assessed via 8 readability scales using Readability Studio software (Oleander Software Solutions), and then were statistically analyzed.RESULTSNone of the patient education material...
Using a novel data resource to explore heart rate during mountain and road running

Online, accessible performance and heart rate data from running competitions are posted publicly or semi-publicly to social media. We tested the efficacy of one such data resource- Strava- as a tool in exercise physiology investigations by exploring heart rate differences in mountain racing and road racing running events. Heart rate and GPS pace data were gathered from Strava activities posted by 111 males aged 21-49, from two mountain races (Mt. Washington Road Race and Pike's Peak Ascent) and two road race distances (half marathon and marathon). Variables of interest included race finish time, average heart rate, time to complete the first half (by distance) of the race, time to complete the second half, average heart rate for both the first and second half, estimated maximal heart rate, and competitiveness (finish time as percentage of winning time). Mountain runners on average showed no change in heart rate in the second versus first half of the event, while road racers at the half marathon and marathon distances showed increased second-half heart rate. Mountain runners slowed considerably more in the second half than road runners. Heart rate increases in road races were likely reflective of cardiac drift. Altitude and other demands specific to mountain racing may explain why this was not observed in mountain races. Strava presents enormous untapped opportunity for exercise physiology research, enabling initial inquiry into physiological questions that may then be followed by targeted laboratory studies.
Neuromorphic Hardware Acceleration Enabled by Emerging Technologies

The explosion of big data applications imposes severe challenges of data processing speed and scalability on computing system. However, the performance of the von Neumann machine is greatly hindered by the increasing performance gap between CPU and memory, motivating the active research on new or alternative computing architectures. One important instance is the neuromorphic computing engine, which provides the capability of information processing within a compact and energy-efficient platform. Recently, many research efforts have been investigated in utilizing the latest discovered memristors array in neuromorphic systems due to the similarity of memristors to biological synapses. In this chapter, we proposed two neuromorphic system designs with feedback and feedforward methodologies, respectively. Favorable performance in terms of robustness and recognition accuracy are demonstrated by simulation results and corresponding analysis.
The Genus Truncaria (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) in the Esmeraldas Beds of Northwestern Ecuador

In collections made in the Early Pliocene Esmeraldas fauna, Onzole Formation, of northwestern Ecuador, there are four examples of a species of the genus Truncaria Adams and Reeve, 1850, which previously has been known only from the Recent fauna. Wenz (1941, p. 1194) included in the synonymy of Truncaria, the Eocene genus Coptaxis Cossmann (1901, p. 226; proposed as a replacement name for Buccinopsis Deshayes, 1865, non Conrad, 1857) and cited the genus as occurring in the Eocene of Europe with one species in the Recent. There is no more than a familial similarity between these two totally disjunct occurrences and Truncaria has not been recognized previously as a fossil.
Selective knockout of astrocytic Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 reduces astrogliosis, BBB damage, infarction, and improves neurological function after ischemic stroke

Stimulation of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) in astrocytes causes ionic dysregulation under ischemic conditions. In this study, we created a Nhe1flox/flox (Nhe1f/f) mouse line with exon 5 of Nhe1 flanked with two loxP sites and selective ablation of Nhe1 in astrocytes was achieved by crossing Nhe1f/f mice with Gfap-CreERT2 Cre-recombinase mice. Gfap-CreERT2+/−;Nhe1f/f mice at postnatal day 60–90 were treated with either corn oil or tamoxifen (Tam, 75 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 5 days. After 30 days post-injection, mice underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) to induce ischemic stroke. Compared with the oil-vehicle group (control), Tam-treated Gfap-CreERT2+/−;Nhe1f/f (Nhe1 KO) mice developed significantly smaller ischemic infarction, less edema, and less neurological function deficits at 1–5 days after tMCAO. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed less astrocytic proliferation, less cellular hypertrophy, and less peri-lesion gliosis in Nhe1 KO mouse brains. Selective deletion of Nhe1 in astrocytes also reduced cerebral microvessel damage and blood–brain barrier (BBB) injury in ischemic brains. The BBB microvessels of the control brains show swollen endothelial cells, opened tight junctions, increased expression of proinflammatory protease MMP-9, and significant loss of tight junction protein occludin. In contrast, the Nhe1 KO mice exhibited reduced BBB breakdown and normal tight junction structure, with increased expression of occludin and reduced MMP-9. Most importantly, deletion of astrocytic Nhe1 gene significantly increased regional cerebral blood flow in the ischemic hemisphere at 24 hr post-MCAO. Taken together, our study provides the first line of evidence for a causative role of astrocytic NHE1 protein in reactive astrogliosis and ischemic neurovascular damage.
Toxic Shock Syndrome, Tampon Absorbency, and Feminist Science

Tampon-associated toxic shock syndrome (TSS) has disproportionately affected women, and specifically, menstruators. By 1980, the Centers for Disease Control recommended that women limit their use of superabsorbent tampons since the risk for TSS increased with greater levels of absorption. However, women had no way of following this advice since products did not have consistent absorbency labels. A standard to set absorptive capacity as well as nomenclature was required, and the consensus process to do so was governed by ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). Esther Rome from the Boston Women's Health Book Collective participated as a consumer representative, and solicited feminist scientist Nancy Reame to help generate data on their behalf. Importantly, they rejected the use of blue saline and "blue goo" as a menstrual fluid in the syngyna—the synthetic vagina simulacrum lab instrument—to test tampon absorbency, and insisted upon heparinized blood instead. They challenged the process by which a standard is established, the method by which variables are controlled, and the erasure of menstrual fluid from tests about tampon absorbency. The feminist science yielded both usable and valid outcomes, with results that challenged the design of the experiment upon which standards were to be based.
Simulation of deformation and fragmentation of a falling drop under electric field

Abstract Physical properties and especially the size of drops are important parameters in many industrial and medical applications. High voltage electric field is one of the effective means to control the final size of drops during the fabrication process which could greatly influence the final size of the product. Therefore a detailed study of electric field effect on a liquid drop is very important. In this work deformation and fragmentation of a falling droplet under gravity and electric force have been studied numerically. Electric force is used as an effective external controlling mechanism to influence the deformation of a drop. The three-dimensional deformation of a falling droplet is studied numerically using the open-source volume-of-fluid solver, Gerris. The numerical results are compared with previous analytical, experimental and numerical data and great agreements between the results are obtained. The results are presented for broad range of Bond numbers (Bo) from low Bond number (drop with small deformation) to large Bond number (drop breakup and fragmentation). The results revealed that the electric field can be used as a powerful controlling tool in delaying and expediting the falling drop breakup process. The results also showed that falling drop deforms severely by increasing Bo number which leads to the breakup and fragmentation compared to the cases of low Bo number in which the drop deforms mildly without breakup.
Teaching “Disease and Disability in the Bible”: A Pedagogical Retrospect and Resource

Designing and teaching courses on disability, disease, and the Bible present special problems and opportunities. In this article, the author offers pedagogical advice for instructors of such course...
Association Between Dementia Severity and Recommended Lifestyle Changes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective:Early diagnosis of dementia leads to early treatment which is beneficial to patients and the community. We reviewed initial evaluations from the Spectrum Health Medical Group Neurocognitive Clinic (SHMGNC) to evaluate dementia stage at the time of diagnosis.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 110 randomly chosen initial evaluations from September 2008 to December 2015 at the SHMGNC. Patients underwent a neurological examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and a battery of neuropsychological testing.Results:Of all, 78.9% had moderate or severe dementia at diagnosis. The SHMGNC recommended lifestyle changes (medication assistance, financial assistance, driving restrictions, and institutional care) in 75.8% of patients with dementia. The severity of dementia was associated with the number of lifestyle changes recommended. Cohabitation with a caregiver did not lead to an early diagnosis of dementia.Conclusions:Patients are not undergoing evaluation at the onset of the dementia process. Diagnosis...
Overcoming Barriers to Employment: Strategies of Rehabilitation Providers:

Focus groups of rehabilitation providers identified barriers to the employment of persons who are visually impaired and strategies to overcome them. The barriers included negative attitudes of empl...
Leisure in transformation : meta-trends changing the world

A Greek preposition, the term “meta” may be interpreted as the state beyond our current way of being. Meta-trends refer to those transformations that are underway yet unseen. They are invisible at one moment yet become widespread, shaping the way we live, work and play. Meta-trends often arise from underlying shifts in social, cultural, political, environmental and economic forces which serve to shape the human experience. Reflecting new directions, meta-trends impact individuals, communities and nations as a whole, as well as influencing worldwide attitudes, values, behaviours and actions. A transcendent phenomenon, understanding meta-trends helps reveal how the future will be unfold. Such forces give way to new movements, actions or activities that lead to social, cultural, political and economic changes. A meta-trend is distinctly different from mega-trends that are large changes that have occurred and are evident to all. This presentation discussed the impact of several key meta-trends on leisure, quality of life and community livability including: 1) demographic changes and shifts; 2) social media, technology and universal connectivity; 3) economic globalization; 4) urbanization, smart cities and migration; 5) new forms of governance; 6) education and learning; 7) environment and energy consumption; 8) transactional transparency; 9) global cultural integration; and 10) leisure, happiness, quality of life and community livability. Keywords : Meta-trends, leisure, quality of life, community livability.
JEAN ANOUILH' S THIRST FOR THE ABSOLUTE AND HIS FORMULATION OF THE IDEAL

In pondering why a writer writes, we are fortunate in the case of Jean Anouilh to have the dramatist’s own definition of theater. He states that theater is the domain where reality is created by illusion. Theater presents, with all the artifices at its disposal, a truer form of the real than reality itself: “C’est tres joli la vie, mais cela n’a pas de forme. L’art a pour objet de lui en donner une precisement et de faire par tous les artifices possibles — plus vrai que le vrai.” (Anouilh, 1951: 10)1 Anouilh also makes clear what kind of reality he is interested in recreating. As with much of French theater of the Second World War and the subsequent period. Anouilh’s plays are concerned principally with human beings and their place in the universe. As Leonard Bacell Pronko so correctly remarks, Anouilh’s theater is the theater of the human predicament, couched in terms of “the relationship of individuals to themselves, to each other, to God or some indefinite omnipotence, and to this past” (Pronko, 1961: 3). Pronko further clarifies Anouilh’s major preoccupations — love, money and the social classes — pointing out that they are related to man’s fate, and are, to a degree, an illustration of it (Pronko, 1961: xiii).
Can tumor-associated macrophages in ductal carcinoma in situ on biopsy predict invasive carcinoma on excision?

Summary Recent trials have explored surveillance of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) without complete excision, but it is difficult to fully exclude an associated, unsampled invasive focus. Tumor microenvironment, including tumor-associated macrophages, may play a role in the transition from in situ to invasive carcinoma, and the presence of CD163-positive cells with DCIS has been associated with increased risk of progression to invasive carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate the role of DCIS-associated CD163-positive cells on biopsy in predicting associated invasion on excision. Immunohistochemistry for CD163 was performed on 57 total biopsy cases of DCIS of low (n = 13), intermediate (n = 21), and high (n = 23) nuclear grade, 27 (47%) of which showed invasion on the subsequent excision specimen. Positive intratumoral and stromal cells were quantified independently by 2 observers based on the percentage of cells staining. Intratumoral CD163 scores ranged from 0 to 2 (mean, 0.7). Stromal CD163 scores ranged from 0 to 3 (mean, 1.3). Intratumoral and stromal CD163 levels were not significantly associated with the presence of subsequent invasion when evaluated as a whole group (P = .36 and P = .47) or when subdivided into low (P = .36 and P = .17), intermediate (P = .82 and P = .82), or high (P = .09 and P = .68) nuclear grades. There was no correlation between intratumoral CD163 content and DCIS grade (P = .257). A trend for higher stromal CD163 expression was seen with higher-grade DCIS, although not statistically significant (P = .178). In conclusion, CD163 on breast core biopsy does not help select patients who may safely forgo excision of DCIS.
A Multilevel Seminar for Physics Majors: A Good Deal for Everyone.

In a small physics department it can be difficult to develop and maintain an environment that engages students of all levels, and encourages and facilitates student growth in curricular and co-curricular experiences. This difficulty can be amplified when the number of physics majors is small, especially with fewer than 15-20 majors in the program. This paper describes the experience over the last seven years of the physics department at Utica College (a small, regional comprehensive liberal arts college in Upstate New York) as we developed a single physics seminar for all levels of students. This unorthodox approach has been accompanied by myriad positive developments for individual students and for the physics program as a whole. In addition to stimulating the interest of students by discussing nonstandard topics, we observed increased camaraderie among the students and a strengthening of the identity within the physics program.
Say-On-Pay Voting: A Five-Year Retrospective: Business and Society Review

The Dodd‐Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, signed into law by President Obama in July 2010, included two significant corporate governance mandates: “say‐on‐pay” shareholder voting and the frequency of such votes among all publicly traded companies. The say‐on‐pay rule requires publicly traded companies subject to proxy rules to offer their shareholders an advisory, or nonbinding, vote at least once every three years on the compensation packages of the most highly compensated executives. The actual data for the first five years of say‐on‐pay voting indicates one intractable conclusion: that shareholder say‐on‐pay voting has not verified what many shareholder activists originally believed, i.e., that the majority of shareholders held similar opinions about business executives being significantly overpaid for their managerial performances. During its first five years in effect, the results of say‐on‐pay voting indicate that shareholders are overwhelmingly satisfied with executive compensation packages, as a 92 percent average shareholder say‐on‐pay approval result (i.e., exceeding 70 percent) among companies listed in the Russell 3000 Index attests.
Array LDPC Code-based Compressive Sensing

In this paper, we focus on the problem of compressive sensing using binary measurement matrices, and basis pursuit as the recovery algorithm. We obtain new lower bounds on the number of samples to achieve robust sparse recovery using binary matrices and derive sufficient conditions for a binary matrix with fixed column-weight to satisfy the robust null space property. Next we prove that any column-regular binary matrix with girth 6 has nearly optimal number of measurements. Then we show that the parity check matrices of array LDPC codes are nearly optimal in the sense of having girth six and almost satisfying the lower bound on the number of samples. Array code parity check matrices demonstrate an example of binary matrices that achieve guaranteed recovery via robust null-space property and in practice for $n \leq 10^{6}$ provide faster recovery compared to the Gaussian counterpart. This is an extended abstract without proofs. The full paper with additional details can be found in [1].
Linezolid-related adverse effects in clinical practice in children.

Introduction Linezolid may cause adverse effects such as thrombocytopenia, which were found to be dependent on receiving linezolid for longer than 2 weeks. There are limited studies concerning the safety and timing of linezolid-related adverse effects in children. Objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of adverse effects associated with linezolid, with especially focusing on the time of occurrence. Population and methods All children ( 3 days of linezolid therapy were included in this study. Adverse effects attributed to linezolid and time of occurrence of side effects was evaluated. Results A total of 179 children were enrolled to the study. The patients' median age was 4 years (6 days to 17 years). During linezolid treatment, 36 (20.1%) patients experienced adverse effects. The most common adverse effect was thrombocytopenia that was detected in 26 patients (14.5%). Other adverse effects were as following; elevated liver enzymes in 4 patients, leucopenia and anemia in 2 patients, renal function impairment in one patient, and serious skin reactions in 3 patients. Adverse effects were detected within median 7.5 days of therapy (ranging from 4 to 18 days). Among 36 patients, 26 (72.2%) patients had adverse effect on the first 10 days of therapy. Conclusion Transient adverse effects were detected in 20.1% of the patients during linezolid therapy. These adverse effects may be detected earlier than ten days of treatment. Linezolid should be prescribed safely in children with monitoring adverse effects especially platelet count and level of liver enzymes.
Pheromone production by the boll weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) fed cotton squares and bolls.

The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, produces pheromone on a variety of diets, but access to flower buds (squares) or small fruit (bolls) of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., is thought necess...
Trends and Disparities in Inpatient Costs for Eye Trauma in the United States (2001-2014)

Purpose To determine the trends and disparities in inpatient costs for eye trauma in the United States from 2001 through 2014. Design Retrospective population-based cross-sectional study. Methods National Inpatient Sample, a representative sample of U.S. hospital discharges, was used to determine costs of eye trauma hospitalizations. Linear regression was used to estimate changes in mean inflation-adjusted cost per admission. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with a cost in the highest quartile (>$13 000) including age, sex, race, income quartile, primary payer, hospital location, size, and type. The model was adjusted for year of admission, length of stay, type of trauma, comorbidities, and the type and number of procedures performed. Results The inpatient costs for eye trauma from 2001 through 2014 totaled $1.72 billion. The mean cost (95% confidence interval [CI]) per stay remained relatively constant: $12 000 ($11 000-13 000) in 2001 to $11 000 ($10 000-12 000) in 2014 (P = .643). A cost in the highest quartile was more likely in African Americans compared to whites (adjusted odds ratio, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.2-1.5), patients in the highest income quartile compared to those in the lowest (1.3; 1.2-1.5), uninsured patients compared to publicly insured patients (1.2; 1.1-1.4), teaching hospitals compared to non-teaching ones (1.5; 1.2-1.8), and the West compared to the South (2.4; 2.0-2.8). Conclusions Inpatient costs of eye trauma have remained steady and can be potentially reduced by addressing associated disparities. Further research including outpatient costs and eye trauma in vulnerable populations will be key to optimizing care and advancing healthcare equity.
C 1+α-Regularity of Viscosity Solutions of General Nonlinear Parabolic Equations

We establish the existence of C1+α-regular viscosity solutions of fully nonlinear secondorder parabolic equations like ∂ t u+H(v,Dv,D2v, t, x) = 0 allowing the main part of H to have small discontinuities with respect to x and be just measurable in t.
Shuffler: A Large Scale Data Management Tool for Machine Learning in Computer Vision

Datasets in the computer vision academic research community are primarily static. Once a dataset is accepted as a benchmark for a computer vision task, researchers working on this task will not alter it in order to make their results reproducible. At the same time, when exploring new tasks and new applications, datasets tend to be an ever changing entity. A practitioner may combine existing public datasets, filter images or objects in them, change annotations or add new ones to fit a task at hand, visualize sample images, or perhaps output statistics in the form of text or plots. In fact, datasets change as practitioners experiment with data as much as with algorithms, trying to make the most out of machine learning models. Given that ML and deep learning call for large volumes of data to produce satisfactory results, it is no surprise that the resulting data and software management associated to dealing with live datasets can be quite complex. As far as we know, there is no flexible, publicly available instrument to facilitate manipulating image data and their annotations throughout a ML pipeline. In this work, we present Shuffler, an open source tool that makes it easy to manage large computer vision datasets. It stores annotations in a relational, human-readable database. Shuffler defines over 40 data handling operations with annotations that are commonly useful in supervised learning applied to computer vision and supports some of the most well-known computer vision datasets. Finally, it is easily extensible, making the addition of new operations and datasets a task that is fast and easy to accomplish.
Effects of Ni nanoparticles, MWCNT, and MWCNT/Ni on the power production and the wastewater treatment of a microbial fuel cell

ABSTRACTNi nanoparticles (NPs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and MWCNT/Ni were compared for the first time in enhancing power production and wastewater treatment efficiency of a two-chamb...