cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Palatal growth inMacaca nemestrina

A longitudinal study of the palatal growth of 80 male and 81 femaleMacaca nemestrina reveals that male growth rates are greater than female growth rates. In addition, both sexes demonstrate a similar pattern of palatal growth although growth rate differences between sexes probably reflect the larger canine/P3 apparatus and overall body size of males. Growth of the premaxillary and postmaxillary palatal segments appear to be independent of one another. Palatal growth spurts, obvious in males, exist for two palatal length dimensions. The maxillary tuberosity growth center is postulated to account for more size dimorphism between sexes than the premaxilla growth center.
The effect of chronological and physiological aging of onion seeds on the frequency of spontaneous and x-ray induced chromosome aberrations

Abstract Both chronological and “physiological” aging of onion seeds increases the frequency of both spontaneous and X-ray induced chromosome aberrations. Both types of aging result in increased sensitivity to X-rays. In general the factors which reduce radiation damage in seeds also promote longer life. This correlation may be of value in studies on aging.
Cocaine: White Gold Rush in Peru

Cocaine: White Gold Rush in Peru. Edmundo Morales. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1989. 228 pp., appendix, notes, bibliography, index. $24.95 (cloth). ISBN 0-8165-1066-0
R.F. Systems

A brief history of rf systems for cyclotrons will be presented, followed by some general remarks about typical problems. Finally, the rf system for the M.S.U. 500 MeV superconducting cyclotron will be described.
Physical Diagnosis and Radiographic Examination of the Thumb

Arthritis of the thumb joints is a common problem and remains a significant cause of morbidity in the adult population. Careful physical examination is critical in the assessment of these patients, given the large differential diagnosis of conditions affecting the thumb and the radial side of the wrist. Because treatment should be specifically directed at the area of pathology, adequate diagnosis is vital. Plain radiograph evaluation remains the diagnostic modality of choice in the evaluation of patients with degenerative conditions about the hand and wrist.
A statistical modeling approach for evaluating auto-segmentation methods for image-guided radiotherapy

We proposed a statistical modeling method for the quantitative evaluation of segmentation methods used in image guided radiotherapy. A statistical model parameterized on a Beta distribution was built upon the observations of the volume overlap between the segmented structure and the referenced structure. A statistical performance profile (SPP) was then estimated from the model using the generalized maximum likelihood approach. The SPP defines the probability density function characterizing the distribution of performance values and provides a graphical visualization of the segmentation performance. Different segmentation approaches may be influenced by image quality or observer variability. Our statistical model was able to quantify the impact of these variations and displays the underlying statistical performance of the segmentation algorithm. We demonstrated the efficacy of this statistical model using both simulated data and clinical evaluation studies in head and neck radiotherapy. Furthermore, the resulting SPP facilitates the measurement of the correlation between quantitative metrics and clinical experts’ decision, and ultimately is able to guide the clinicians in selecting segmentation methods for radiotherapy.
Subject Headings in Spanish: The lcsh-es.org Bilingual Database

Spanish is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and the various subject heading lists in the language reflect its geographic diversity. Catalogers assigning Spanish subject headings typically must rely on a variety of different sources in different formats. The lcsh-es.org database unites several of these sources in a single search interface to simplify the work of Spanish language subject catalogers and encourage collaboration. A look at current developments suggests that high-level international agreement on linked data technology and policy bode well for the future of multilingual subject authorities.
Chemical treatment of oil spills

Abstract Chemical treatment methods have been used with varying degrees of success for mitigating the environmental effects resulting from oil spills. These methods include dispersing, herding, and gelling a floating oil slick; sinking the oil; burning the oil mass either on open waters or on the affected shoreline; and applying film-forming chemical agents to protect shorelines from oil than eludes offshore cleanup. The latest technical information on the applicability and effectiveness of these approaches for treating and controlling oil spills is presented.
An Interview with Gene M. Amdahl

In this interview, Dr. Amdahl focuses on the business aspects of computer design in the 1960's, '70's and '80's from his experience at IBM and other companies and as the founder of Amdahl Corporation.
An Econometric Identification of Development Strategies in Iraq: 1951–1980

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to identify the orientations of the six development plans' strategies implemented in Iraq from 1951 to 1980 by using two different approaches. The allocation approach classifies each strategy according to the amount of investment appropriated to specific economic sectors. In the structural change approach, an econometric model reflecting the essential structural variables is used, along with three indices, to distinguish differing development strategies. Both methods, due to economic and non-economic reasons, give similar and dissimilar results concerning the orientation of development strategies. The author concludes that if the causes of underdevelopment—the structure of the economy and the dependence on oil revenues—are not addressed, the backwardness of the economy will be maintained.
Testing of High-Performance Concrete Single-Span Box Girder

As part of a multistate research program on use of high-performance concrete (HPC) in highway bridges, a bridge originally designed as a three-span adjacent box girder bridge was converted to a single-span bridge by using 70-MPa HPC and 15-mm strands. As part of the research, a test beam was constructed and tested. Instruments placed in the beam before casting were used to measure transfer length, which was found to be approximately 1.22 m, larger than the 50-bar diameters usually used in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Standard Specifications but consistent with recent studies. After the beam concrete reached the required compressive strength, it was tested to destruction. The beam was able to resist the required AASHTO ultimate moment without failure. It was found that the AASHTO cracking load was conservative for this beam, mostly because the measured modulus of rupture greatly exceeded the value assumed in the AASHTO specifications. The behavior of the beam was successfully predicted using a section analysis.
Clinical use of AcuNav diagnostic ultrasound catheter imaging during left heart radiofrequency ablation and transcatheter closure procedures

Abstract Background: AcuNav ultrasound catheter (UC) (10F, 5.5-10 MHz) has unique advantages for left heart imaging with its 4-way tip flexible maneuverability, maximal 16-cm intracardiac imaging depth, and Doppler and color flow imaging capability. Methods: We assessed the initial use of this UC in 40 consecutive patients (34 men; age 53 ± 11 years old). All patients were also undergoing transseptal catheterization for percutaneous catheter mapping and ablation of either left atrium (focal initiated atrial arrhythmia/fibrillation, n=32) or left ventricle (ventricular tachycardia, n=4), or transcatheter atrial septal defect closure (n = 4) procedures. During each procedure, the UC was placed in the right atrium, superior vena cava, or right ventricular inflow/outflow tract. Results: In all patients, UC successfully guided transseptal catheterization and provided imaging of normal or aberrant anatomy of the right/left atrial (interatrial septum, fossa ovalis, appendages, 4 pulmonary vein ostia) and right/left ventricular (valves and papillary muscles) structures. UC was important in early identification procedure complications, including pericardial effusion (n = 2, detected before systematic hemodynamic deterioration) and thrombus formation on sheaths deployed in the right atrium (n = 9) and left atrium (n = 2, early elimination with management of the sheath). With Doppler and color flow imaging, UC provided effective monitoring of increased flow velocity of all ablated pulmonary vein ostia and detection of patent foramen ovale (n = 6) or residual trivial/small atrial septal defect posttransseptal catheterization (n = 2). UC was also used to successfully image and guide transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect with positioning of the cardioseal septal occluder (Nitinol Medical Technologies Inc, Boston, Mass) and color Doppler imaging of no significant residual shunt. Conclusion: AcuNav UC with Doppler and color flow imaging has significant use, especially during left heart ablation. Uses include guidance of transseptal and mapping/ablation catheters and closure devices, and prompt diagnosis of cardiac complications. (J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2002;15:1301-8.)
Voltage-dependent gating of the Cx32*43E1 hemichannel: conformational changes at the channel entrances.

Voltage is an important parameter that regulates the open probability of both intercellular channels (gap junctions) and undocked hemichannels formed by members of the connexin gene family. All connexin channels display two distinct voltage-gating processes, termed loop- or slow-gating and Vj- or fast-gating, which are intrinsic hemichannel properties. Previous studies have established that the loop-gate permeability barrier is formed by a large conformational change that reduces pore diameter in a region of the channel pore located at the border of the first transmembrane domain and first extracellular loop (TM1/E1), the parahelix (residues 42–51). Here, we use cadmium metal bridge formation to measure conformational changes reported by substituted cysteines at loci demarcating the intracellular (E109 and L108) and extracellular (Q56) entrance of hemichannels formed by the Cx32 chimera (Cx32*43E1). The results indicate that the intracellular pore entrance narrows from ∼15 A to ∼10 A with loop-gate but not apparently with Vj-gate closure. The extracellular entrance does not appear to undergo large conformational changes with either voltage-gating process. The results presented here combined with previous studies suggest that the loop-gate permeability is essentially focal, in that conformational changes in the parahelix but not the intracellular entrance are sufficient to prevent ion flux.
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma: another entity in the differential diagnosis of small round blue cell tumors.

Abstract We saw in consultation a biopsy specimen from a 6-year old girl with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)–positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). The tumor arose in soft tissue of the neck, and diagnostic tissue was obtained by core needle biopsy. Histologically, the neoplasm was cellular without pattern. Immunohistochemical workup with a large panel of antibodies at another institution showed immunoreactivity for NB84 and neuron specific enolase (dim). Antibodies specific for CD3, CD20, and CD45/LCA were negative; CD30 or ALK were not assessed. Electron microscopy showed cytoplasmic structures thought to be neurosecretory granules. The neoplasm was interpreted initially as a neuroblastoma. At the time of our review, we considered the possibility of ALCL. Immunohistochemical analysis for CD30 showed bright, uniform expression and ALK was positive in a nuclear and cytoplasmic pattern, confirming the diagnosis of ALK+ ALCL. The purpose of this review is to discuss ALK+ ALCL and many of the other entities included under the rubric of small round blue cell tumor, with a focus on tumors that occur in children.
Hydrocarboniphaga effusa gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the γ-Proteobacteria active in alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon degradation

Novel alkane-degrading strains of bacteria were isolated from soil contaminated with fuel oil from a leaking underground tank in New Jersey, USA. Two phenotypically similar strains (designated AP102 and AP103T) possessed 16S rRNA sequences unique among the majority of known hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. The 16S rRNA sequences showed a moderate but distant relationship to the genus Nevskia and a substantial similarity to strains that had previously been isolated for growth on phenol (in Japan) and on toluene (in Canada) by other researchers. The hydrocarbon-degrading strains from Japan, Canada and New Jersey showed no resemblance to the typical morphology of Nevskia but did share a striking similarity among themselves in cell morphology, in the unusual appearance of colonies on various solid media and in various physiological properties. A full taxonomic analysis was performed, including DNA–DNA hybridization and nutritional screening with 117 organic compounds as sole sources of carbon and energy. The strains are active in the degradation of important environmental pollutants, and their phenotypic, physiological, metabolic and genomic properties suggest that they are members of a novel taxon in the γ-Proteobacteria, for which the name Hydrocarboniphaga gen. nov. is proposed, with the single species Hydrocarboniphaga effusa sp. nov. The type strain is AP103T (=ATCC BAA-332T=DSM 16095T).
Developmental Consequences of Childhood Frontal Lobe Damage

• A 33-year-old woman underwent neurologic and neuropsychological studies 26 years after she sustained damage to the frontal lobe. The findings of the neurologic examination were normal, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion in left prefrontal cortex and deep white matter. Cerebral blood flow studies showed an abnormal pattern in both left and right frontal regions. The patient exhibited striking neuropsychological defects in higher cognition, most notably in self-regulation of emotion and affect and in social behavior. Analysis of her behavioral development failed to yield a pattern of abrupt onset of defect immediately after the lesion occurred. On the contrary, there was a delayed onset of defects, followed by a period of seeming progression , and finally an arrest of development in adolescence. We suggest that this peculiar pattern is the natural consequence of the varied changes that occurred in brain development and social cognition during the patient's formative years. While certain long-term neuropsychological deficits in our case are similar to those following frontal damage in adults, the delayed onset and progression of deficits are different.
Edge effects and delamination failures

The fundamental relationship between the morphology of a composite laminate and the resulting free edge effects is explored and related to delamination failures. Cross-ply, angle-ply, and quasi-isotropic laminates are discussed in detail. It is shown that the local mismatch in elastic properties of adjacent layers and the global stacking sequence of a laminate both have a significant influence on the interlaminar stresses and delamination failures.
"Piggybacking" The Introductory Marketing Courses: Innovation or Disaster in Academic Product Development

As colleges and universities confront greater numbers of non-traditional students, there is a need to offer academic experiences in less traditional packages.
School Achievement: Thinking About What to Test.

Standardized achievement tests are widely accepted today as trustworthy measures of educational outcomes. The yearly test is an institution in many districts; if the average scores are higher this year than last, then the schools are improving. The scores on these tests are trusted because they are quantitative, they have the support of statistical theory, and they comprise one of the few standards for comparisons over time and over programs. As long as achievement tests served only as generalized indicators of educational progress, there was little reason to be greatly concerned about their limitations and shortcomings. Recently, however, they have assumed increasing importance in curriculum and policy decisions affecting students, teachers, and districts (Airasian & Madaus, this issue). Our aim in this paper is to inquire into the appropriateness of standardized tests for these purposes, with particular emphasis on the issue of validity. We begin this paper with a historical survey of the relation between achievement tests and curriculum programs. Next we review the basis for curriculum programs in the traditional disciplines, and comment on the absence of a disciplinary foundation for the so-called "basic skills," the latter being the focus of much of the present-day activity in large-scale testing. Finally we examine several issues related to the validity of achievement tests for assessment of the outcomes of instruction. Throughout, our discussion will be informed by recent research in cognitive psychology, which we think casts new perspectives on the relation between mental structures and curriculum structures, and provides useful insights on the relation between assessment and instruction.
Rosai-Dorfman disease of the tonsil in a 4-year-old boy: Case report and review of the literature

Abstract Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) otherwise known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) is a rare disease of unknown etiology that commonly involves cervical lymph nodes. Tonsillar involvement is extremely rare. We present a case of tonsillar involvement in a 4-year-old boy who presented with a 4-month history of cervical lymphadenopathy and enlarged tonsils causing hoarseness of voice. We also review the literature and discuss the pathologic and clinical characteristics of this disease.
Visual language and software development environment for image processing

The Khoros system integrates multiple user interface modes, code generators, instructional aids, data visualization, and information processing to produce a comprehensive image processing research tool. This system can easily be tailored to other application domains because the tools of the system can modify themselves as well as the system. This attribute is important in a system that is designed to be extensible and portable. The Khoros infrastructure consists of three major components: a high-level user interface specification, methods of software development embedded in a code generation tool set, and an interoperable data exchange format and algorithm library. These basic facilities have been used to build a set of applications for performing image processing research, algorithm development, and data visualization. One of the most powerful features of the system is its high-level abstract visual language. Khoros is a successful demonstration of how development programming, end-user applications programming, information processing, data display, instruction, documentation, and maintenance can be integrated to build a state-of-the-art image/data processing and visualization software environment.
Progressive Failure of a Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Composite

A set of experimental results in support of developing a three-dimensional, Integrated Finite Element Method (IFEM) to capture progressive failure within the constituents of a three phase composite material is presented. Periodic Boundary Conditions (PBC) are used to apply macroscopic strains on a Representative Unit Cell (RUC) containing fiber, interface, and matrix with a fixed volume ratio. An orthotropic failure model has been implemented to introduce damage on the constituent level. The applicability of this code in a multi-scale framework is demonstrated and results are verified against experimental data.
End of life management of high-voltage transformers

This article illustrates AREVA T&Dpsilas position in terms of their productspsila end of life management. In order to manage the equipments that have reached the end of useful life, this study describes complete dismantling operation diagram, recycling routes and waste management.
CLINICAL MODELS OF CHEMOPREVENTION FOR COLON CANCER

Colon cancer is a major public health problem in many developed westernized countries, with an annual incidence in the United States of about 155,000 new cases. 157 Although there has been a trend toward a decrease in incidence and mortality of colon cancer owing to improvements in dietary habits (decreased fat and increased fiber), endoscopic screening, advances in surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies, colon cancer still constitutes about 15% of all types of cancer, with a significant mortality in its advanced stages. Prevention of colon cancer is possible at different levels that include primary (avoidance of harmful environmental carcinogens, that is, chemicals, viruses, radiation exposure), secondary (fecal occult blood testing and annual sigmoidoscopy as recommended by American Cancer Soci ety), and tertiary (dietary intervention and chemoprevention) methods of prevention. Such prevention can collectively reduce the incidence of colon cancer in the general population. This article reviews the current status of colorectal cancer chemoprevention and constructs a model for future chemoprevention strategies based on evidence from epidemiologic and preclinical studies on promising noncytotoxic drugs/micronutrients, molecular genetics of pathways of colon cancer development and the genetics of familial colorectal cancer syndromes, and human clinical trials on effects of chemopreventive drugs. In addition, recent insights into biomarker development and mechanisms of action of some of these putative chemopreventives are also reviewed.
Diffusivity of polymers in dilute solutions undergoing homogeneous flows

In order to describe the translational diffusion of polymers in dilute solution, an elastic dumbbell model is used for which the effects of both hydrodynamic interaction and a nonlinear connector force are treated in a self-consistently averaged form. For this model, the diffusion tensor in the presence of a homogeneous flow field is obtained from (i) the mass flux caused by concentration gradients, (ii) the average polymer velocity caused by external forces, and (iii) the mean-square displacement of a polymer caused by the Brownian forces. From the second and third approaches the same expression for the diffusion tensor is found, whereas a different expression is obtained from the first approach. This means that the Nernst-Einstein equation cannot be generalized to the case of flowing solutions. The model predictions for the diffusion tensors in steady shear flow are discussed in detail.
Chloral Hydrate: Unusually High Concentrations in a Fatal Overdose

A case in which chloral hydrate as a pure chemical rather than the prescribed drug caused the death of a 27-year-old white male is presented. Trichloroethanol was quantified in blood and tissues by electron capture gas chromatography. The blood trichloroethanol concentration found in this case (1700 mg/L) was higher than had been previously reported in the literature.
Splanchnic galactose extraction is regulated by coingestion of glucose in humans.

When compared with galactose alone, coingestion of glucose with galactose decreases plasma galactose. The objective of this study was to determine if this was due to increased peripheral clearance or increased first pass clearance of galactose. Five adult volunteers were studied on 2 occasions during infusion of [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose and [1-(13)C]galactose and ingestion of galactose alone at 11, 22, and 33 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1) or galactose plus glucose at 11, 22, and 33 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1) of each sugar. At 33 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1) of galactose alone (1) plasma galactose increased to 2.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/L and galactose rates of appearance (Ra) to 18.3 +/- 1.6 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1); (2) plasma glucose and glucose Ra were unaffected; (3) splanchnic extraction of galactose plateaued at approximately 15 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1); and (4) galactose became the primary source of glucose Ra (75% +/- 9%). Coingestion of glucose and galactose at 33 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1) each resulted in (1) decreased plasma galactose (0.3 +/- 0.1 mmol/L) and galactose Ra (6.4 +/- 1.8 micromol x kg(-1) x min(-1)); (2) increased plasma glucose and insulin; (3) doubling of splanchnic extraction of galactose; and (4) decreased contribution of galactose to glucose Ra (11% +/- 4%). We conclude that coingestion of glucose with galactose increases the splanchnic extraction, but decreases the conversion of galactose to glucose.
Competition and Scholarly Productivity in Management: Investigating Changes in Scholarship from 1988 to 2008

We examine how competition has influenced scholarly productivity in the field of management from 1988 to 2008. Our study reveals three primary findings that may interest management scholars. First, we found that the number of scholars publishing papers each year in top-tier management outlets increased significantly over time. This increase was evident even when controlling for the fact that several journals have increased the number of articles published per year. Second, we found the majority of scholars required more than 5 (or 10) years to publish five (or ten) top-tier articles. In fact, results show the average time required to publish five (or ten) articles increased from 5.35 (6) years at the beginning of our sample to 9.72 (15.13) years at the end of our sample. Finally, our results indicate that increased competition to publish articles in top-tier journals has affected the scholarly productivity of both micro (primarily focused on individuals or groups) and macro (primarily focused on organizations) researchers. However, the results suggest that this negative influence on productivity is more pronounced for macro scholars.
Block-structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement - Theory, Implementation and Application

Structured adaptive mesh refinement (SAMR) techniques can enable cutting-edge simulations of problems governed by conservation laws. Focusing on the strictly hyperbolic case, these notes explain all algorithmic and mathematical details of a technically relevant implementation tailored for distributed memory computers. An overview of the background of commonly used finite volume discretizations for gas dynamics is included and typical benchmarks to quantify accuracy and performance of the dynamically adaptive code are discussed. Large-scale simulations of shock-induced realistic combustion in non-Cartesian geometry and shock-driven fluid-structure interaction with fully coupled dynamic boundary motion demonstrate the applicability of the discussed techniques for complex scenarios.
Effect of Selective-task vs Set-task Program on Balance and Weight Bearing of Stroke Patient

[Purpose] This study investigated the change in functional balance and weight bearing of stroke patients in a set-task balance training program and a selective-task balance training program. [Method] the participants were randomly allocated to either the set-task program or the selective-task program. We evaluated balance capacity using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Postural weight bearing was measured using a Tetrax Intractive Balance System, and the lower extremity function was evaluated using the Fugel-Meyer Assessment of Sensorimotor Impairment (FMLE). Both programs were performed three days a week for 30 min, 8 for weeks. The participants were assessed again at the end of the 8 weeks of training, and again after 3 months. [Results] The selective-task group showed significant improvments in BBS and plantar foot pressure after training. FMLS showed no significant difference in the set-task group after training; however, the selective-task group showed a significant improvement. At the 3-month follow-up BBS and Plantar foot pressure had maintained the significant improvement in both groups, but FMLS only showed a significant improvement in the selective-task group. [Conclusion] Based on this study, a selective-task program for stroke patients in which the patients choose tasks is more effective at improving balance, symmetric weight bearing by the lower extremities, and lower extremity function than a set-task program.
Experimental investigation of a frequency-nondegenerate phase-sensitive optical parametric amplifier

We demonstrate the first fiber-optic phase-sensitive parametric amplifier based on frequency-nondegenerate four-wave mixing. An input signal is phase-sensitively amplified and the measured gain response matches well with the theory.
Role of maltase in the utilization of sucrose by Candida albicans.

Two isoenzymes of maltase (EC 3.2.1.20) were purified to homogeneity from Candida albicans. Isoenzymes I and II were found to have apparent molecular masses of 63 and 66 kDa on SDS/PAGE with isoelectric points of 5.0 and 4.6 respectively. Both isoenzymes resembled each other in similar N-terminal sequence, specificity for the alpha(1-->4) glycosidic linkage and immune cross-reactivity on Western blots using a maltase II antigen-purified rabbit antibody. Maltase was induced by growth on sucrose whereas beta-fructofuranosidase activity could not be detected under similar conditions. Maltase I and II were shown to be unglycosylated enzymes by neutral sugar assay, and more than 90% of alpha-glucosidase activity was recoverable from spheroplasts. These data, in combination with other results from this laboratory [Geber, Williamson, Rex, Sweeney and Bennett (1992) J. Bacteriol. 174, 6992-6996] showing lack of a plausible leader sequence in genomic or mRNA transcripts, suggest an intracellular localization of the enzyme. To establish further the mechanism of sucrose assimilation by maltase, the existence of a sucrose-inducible H+/sucrose syn-transporter was demonstrated by (1) the kinetics of sucrose-induced [14C]sucrose uptake, (2) recovery of intact [14C]sucrose from ground cells by t.l.c. and (3) transport of 0.83 mol of H+/mol of [14C]sucrose. In total, the above is consistent with a mechanism whereby sucrose is transported into C. albicans to be hydrolysed by an intracellular maltase.
A SIMPLE MODEL OF A LIMIT ORDER BOOK

We formulate a simplied model of a limit order book, in which the arrival process is independent of the current state. We prove a phase transition result: there exist prices b and a such that, for any > 0, only nitely many bid (ask) departures occur at prices below b (above a + ), while the interval ( b +; a ) innitely often contains no bids, and innitely often contains no asks. We derive expressions for b and a, which we solve in the case of uniform arrivals. We conjecture the positive recurrence of a modied model, and nd the steady-state distribution of the highest bid and of the lowest ask
Venous contractile function during and after hypothermic exposure

Hypothermia has been shown to have pathophysiological consequences on endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions. The impact of rewarming on vessels is unknown. This study examines the contractil...
The gluten-free diet: How to provide effective education and resources

A strict gluten-free diet (GFD) for life is the only treatment for celiac disease (CD). This article reviews (1) the impact of the GFD on the quality of life of individuals with CD and their families; (2) the causes of poorly controlled CD; (3) the access to and source and quality of information provided by health professionals and other groups; (4) management strategies, including nutritional assessment and education guidelines; (5) a variety of resources available to individuals and health professionals; (6) innovative educational initiatives and partnerships; and (7) specific recommendations to address the increasing numbers of people with CD and the growing need for gluten-free (GF) foods and further education about CD and the GFD. Successful management of CD requires a team approach, including the person with CD and his or her family, physician, dietitian, and celiac support group; an individualized approach; understanding of quality of life issues; use of evidence-based, current information and resources; and regular follow-up to monitor compliance, nutritional status, and additional information and support. The physician must clearly communicate, with a positive attitude, an overview of CD and strongly emphasize the importance of a GFD for life. It is essential that the physician initiate an immediate referral to a dietitian with expertise in CD for nutritional assessment, diet education, meal planning, and assistance with the adaptation to the challenging new gluten-free lifestyle. Good dietary compliance will reduce the risk of further complications and associated health care costs and improve quality of life in patients with CD.
Impact of a glossy collard trap crop on diamondback moth adult movement, oviposition, and larval survival

One component of developing a systematic approach for deployment of trap crops is to understand how the trap crop modifies pest behavior. Glossy-leafed collards, Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala (Brassicaceae), were evaluated as a potential trap crop for diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), because they are attractive to P. xylostella adults and are a poor host for P. xylostella larvae compared to cabbage, Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata . We used large field plots to measure the changes in adult, egg, and larval P. xylostella densities in cabbage when the trap crop was planted in the field. Furthermore, we planted the trap crop in dispersed and concentrated spatial arrangements to determine the impact of trap crop arrangement on the behavior of P. xylostella . In 2002, results showed that the presence of collards within a cabbage field reduced larval density on cabbage. In 2003, neither trap crop arrangement had a significant impact on P. xylostella larval density on cabbage. Adult moths aggregated in proximity to collards in 2002, but not in 2003. Egg and larval data in both years in all treatments showed that total oviposition was highest near a central release point, indicating that females lay many eggs before dispersing very far when suitable host plants are available. The mean direction of P. xylostella movement and oviposition from a central release point was not consistent or correlated to wind direction. Plant size of the trap crop in relation to the main crop and environmental factors may have been responsible for the inconsistent effectiveness of the trap crop.
Response of Subcutaneous Vessels to Venous Distention

Direct observations of circulation in small vessels of the bat wing indicated that increased resistance to arterial flow could be produced by venous distention without active vasoconstriction.
“Windshield Tour” – A Journey Towards Cultural Competency

Purpose: Medical educators are directing greater attention to the promotion of cultural competency when prioritizing educational program goals. An innovative educational approach is described here in a community hospital where nearly one-third of its citizens fall below the poverty level. The intent was to provide a very personal, first-hand learning experience via witnessing living conditions of patients from poverty-stricken neighborhoods. Method: Hospital educators worked with the community organization FACED (Faith Access to Community Economic Development). This grassroots group developed an educational driving excursion— entitled the “Windshield Tour”—of the city hospital’s poorest areas. A knowledge/attitude questionnaire was administered as a pre- and post-test to 80 residents and medical students. Results: Significant changes were observed in participants’ understanding of personal/financial hardships faced by their patients, perceptions of availability of resources, understanding of issues related to health care benefits, and rankings of patient/physician characteristics deemed important. Conclusion: Hospital educators have met with FACED leaders to explore future collaborative projects that would increase exposure to the community for the residents and students.
Performing Sustainability: Life Support Inside Biosphere 2’s Glass Box Theater, 1991-1993

Recently, the term Performative Architecture has been increasingly used as a pseudonym for sustainable design. In the case of Biosphere 2 (B2), performative architecture became not only a service oriented container for long-duration life support, it became the stage on which multiple sustainability narratives were played out. Perhaps unconsciously achieved by the project's architects, Phil Haws and Margaret Augustine, the functional form of B2 provided the front-of-house and back-of-house venues that propelled the operation, and the perception of sustainable life-support during Mission 1. This paper defines the troupe of performers: ecology, ecotechnics, Biospherians, scientists, tourists, and popular media, and utilizes their performances upon the B2 stage to unpack the ensuing drama of Mission 1 through the lens of this glass box theater architecture, while speculating on the value of the lessons learned for today's performative architectures. Here, conventionally understood quantitative aspects of performative architecture link the eco-technological design and operation of B2 to qualitative humanities based frameworks of Performativity such as theater, service oriented design, and object studies. Through the case study of B2, it becomes apparent how andwhy these coupled quantitative/qualitative understandings are critical to the future success of performative architecture in the Anthropocene, at a time when adaptive architectural strategies for sustaining and enhancing global life support, which supplements diminishing ecosystem services during rapid climate change, are becoming more ubiquitous. Ultimately, we can utilize the performative architectural apparatus of B2 to develop a more sophisticated understanding of trans-disciplinary architectural design and its operational implications, which will ultimately facilitate the design and performance of more productive constructed eco-techno-socio environments.
The Demise of the Cult of True Womanhood in Early American Film, 1900–1930

(1984). The Demise of the Cult of True Womanhood in Early American Film, 1900–1930. Journal of Popular Film and Television: Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 66-72.
C2 in a Box: Determining Its Intrinsic Bond Strength for the X1Σg+ Ground State

The intrinsic bond strength of C2 in its (1)Σg(+) ground state is determined from its stretching force constant utilizing MR-CISD+Q(8,8), MR-AQCC(8,8), and single-determinant coupled cluster calculations with triple and quadruple excitations. By referencing the CC stretching force constant to its local counterparts of ethane, ethylene, and acetylene, an intrinsic bond strength half way between that of a double bond and a triple bond is obtained. Diabatic MR-CISD+Q results do not change this. Confinement of C2 and suitable reference molecules in a noble gas cage leads to compression, polarization, and charge transfer effects, which are quantified by the local CC stretching force constants and differences of correlated electron densities. These results are in line with two π bonds and a partial σ bond. Bond orders and bond dissociation energies of small hydrocarbons do not support quadruple bonding in C2.
A New Nucleoside Analogue with Potent Activity against Mutant sr39 Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) Thymidine Kinase (TK)

Nucleoside analogues, such as penciclovir, ganciclovir, acyclovir, and their fluoro-substituted derivatives, have wide utility as antivirals. Among these analogues, FHBG ((18)F-Fluorohydroxybutylguanine) is a well-validated PET (positron emission tomography) probe for monitoring reporter gene expression. To evaluate whether or not imposing rigidity into the flexible side chain of FHBG 4 could also impact its interaction, with amino acid residues within the binding site of HSV1-TK (Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Thymidine Kinase), thus influencing its cytotoxic activity. Herein, the synthesis of a new fluorinated nucleoside analogue 6 (conceived via ligand-docking studies) is reported. Agent 6 demonstrates selective activity against HeLa cells stably transfected with mutant HSV1-sr39TK and is also 47-fold more potent than FHBG.
The Conditions of Truth in Heidegger and Davidson

Defendant la possibilite d'un dialogue productif entre la philosophie continentale et la philosophie analytique au-dela de leur critique commune des doctrines du passe, l'A. compare la conception des conditions de la verite chez Heidegger et Davidson. Examinant la problematique de la verite comme propriete premiere du langage et de la pensee chez les deux philosophes, l'A. montre que les fondements ontologiques de la conception traditionnelle de la verite chez Heidegger fournissent la solution a un probleme auquel s'est confronte Davidson : celui de la presupposition d'une structure logique articulee que seuls le langage et la pensee semblent pouvoir produire
Molecular evolution of anthocyanin pigmentation genes following losses of flower color

Phenotypic transitions, such as trait gain or loss, are predicted to carry evolutionary consequences for the genes that control their development. For example, trait losses can result in molecular decay of the pathways underlying the trait. Focusing on the Iochrominae clade (Solanaceae), we examine how repeated losses of floral anthocyanin pigmentation associated with flower color transitions have affected the molecular evolution of three anthocyanin pathway genes (Chi, F3h, and Dfr). We recovered intact coding regions for the three genes in all of the lineages that have lost floral pigmentation, suggesting that molecular decay is not associated with these flower color transitions. However, two of the three genes (Chi, F3h) show significantly elevated dN/dS ratios in lineages without floral pigmentation. Maximum likelihood analyses suggest that this increase is due to relaxed constraint on anthocyanin genes in the unpigmented lineages as opposed to positive selection. Despite the increase, the values for dN/dS in both pigmented and unpigmented lineages were consistent overall with purifying selection acting on these loci. The broad conservation of anthocyanin pathway genes across lineages with and without floral anthocyanins is consistent with the growing consensus that losses of pigmentation are largely achieved by changes in gene expression as opposed to structural mutations. Moreover, this conservation maintains the potential for regain of flower color, and indicates that evolutionary losses of floral pigmentation may be readily reversible.
Design of a Low Power and High Reliability Power-on Reset Circuit

A power-on reset(POR) circuit with low power and high reliability was presented.To reduce effect of the process and temperature variations on threshold voltage,an improved Kuijk bandgap voltage reference was adopted in this design.Double threshold voltage detection circuit with hysteresis was designed to improve noise-tolerance performance for power supply.The POR circuit was simulated based on HHNEC's 0.13 μm CMOS process.Simulation results showed that,with typical process and temperature,the circuit consumed 8.5 μA of power at 5 V supply.The circuit realized stable and reliable power-on reset and low-voltage protection function at different combinations of supply voltage,process corner and temperature.
The structural basis of function of the TF.VIIa complex in the cellular initiation of coagulation

Cell surface tissue factor (TF), the major in vivo initiator of coagulation, activates coagulation by binding and allosteric activation of the serine protease factor. VIIa (VIIa). A graphic scheme to account for function of this initial bimolecular activation complex has emerged from the integration of structural with functional analyses. The VIIa light chain, specifically the Gla and EGF-1 domains, form extended hydrophobic contacts with TF which account for most of the free energy of binding. These contacts tether VIIa and facilitate interactions of the protease domain with TF necessary for induction of protease function. Several contact residues in the VIIa protease domain-TF interface are involved in the activation of VIIa by complex allosteric effects. Macromolecular substrate zymogens interact with both the VIIa protease domain and the carboxyl-terminal module of TF. Docking of the VIIa Gla-domain to the latter region of TF appears to contribute to substrate assembly. The current data suggest an extended embrace between TF and VIIa to form the bimolecular enzyme TF.VIIa.
Classification of Chronic Kidney Disease – Historic Perspective: From Insufficiency and Failure to Chronic Kidney Disease

CKD was introduced in 2002 as a set of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) that defined the term, stratified it into stages on the basis of severity, and described its clinical course and complications. The result has been a paradigm shift which has not only transformed nephrology as a discipline, but also affected the practice of medicine in general. A practical list of the most common risk factors to target for CKD testing includes diabetes, hypertension, family history of kidney failure and age 60 years and older. The eGFR and urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR) guide detection, assess prognosis and determine management. The majority of care for CKD patients will necessarily be delivered by primary care clinicians, since CKD is common, with a prevalence of approximately 10% of the population of industrialized nations. Nephrology referral is recommended for advanced CKD, and is essential for preparation for RRT and the delivery of optimal care during patients’ transitions to kidney failure. Preliminary data support an impact of the CKD CPG, increasing clinical research as well as improving patient management. Health services research in the coming years will more clearly characterize the impact of the CKD CPG on patient outcomes.
WITHDRAWN: The Found Experiment: A New Technique for Assessing the Impact of Mass Media Violence on Real-World Aggressive Behavior

This content has been removed under this ISBN. It exists on ScienceDirect at the following URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780125319560 .
Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior in CePt1+xSi1−x and CePtSi1−yGey

The heavy-fermion system CePtSi is located close to a magnetic instability. In order to study the influence of composition on the physical properties of CePtSi we prepared slightly off-stoichiometric CePt1+xSi1−x polycrystals. CePt1+xSi1−x with x=−0.04 exhibits typical non-Fermi-liquid behavior (C/T∝lnT, χ∝T−0.21, ρ∝T1.5). A scaling analysis of the thermodynamic quantities at magnetic fields up to 10T and temperatures up to 6K points to a quantum phase transition described by some unknown non-Gaussian fixed point. In contrast substitution of Si by Ge leads to a quantum phase transition involving weak-coupling spin fluctuations for CePtSi0.89Ge0.11, which can be described within the framework of the self-consistent renormalization theory.