cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Expanded Set of Correlation Tests for Linear Congruential Random Number Generators

An analytic study is made of the correlation structure of Tausworthe and linear congruential random number generators. The former case is analyzed by the bit mask correlations recently introduced by Compagner. The latter is studied first by an extension to word masks, which include spectral test coefficients as special cases, and then by the bit mask procedure. Although low order bit mask coefficients vanish in both cases, the Tausworthe generator appears to produce a substantially smaller non-vanishing correlation set for large masks – but with larger correlation values – than does the linear congruential.
Transposable elements modulate human RNA abundance and splicing via specific RNA-protein interactions

Background Transposable elements (TEs) have significantly influenced the evolution of transcriptional regulatory networks in the human genome. Post-transcriptional regulation of human genes by TE-derived sequences has been observed in specific contexts, but has yet to be systematically and comprehensively investigated. Here, we study a collection of 75 CLIP-Seq experiments mapping the RNA binding sites for a diverse set of 51 human proteins to explore the role of TEs in post-transcriptional regulation of human mRNAs and lncRNAs via RNA-protein interactions.
Recent Results on the Cauchy Problem for Focusing and Defocusing Gross-Pitaevskii Hierarchies

In this paper, we review some of our recent results in the study of the dynamics of interacting Bose gases in the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) limit. Our investigations focus on the well-posedness of the associated Cauchy problem for the infinite particle system described by the GP hierarchy.
How to build a sex addiction practice

Abstract The interested and addiction-trained professional can start an outpatient practice for recovering sex addicts providing there is commitment, a nonjudgmental attitude, and appropriate supervision. This article describes a multilevel model of a successful sex addiction practice developed by the author. Volunteering to give presentations on the disease and writing articles are useful ways to market. Six patients are enough to make a group (the most cost-effective way to treat addicts). When one's genuine interest is known for treating sex addicts, many referrals will come from the recovering community. Pitfalls are discussed as well as things that work well. Groups for different levels of recovery can then be developed to meet most of the needs of the patients. First, there is a “basics” group for those starting to want recovery. Getting patients to come and talk is the goal. The next level is “Phase 1” or “Beginnings,” a 6-week focus group for individuals and couples starting recovery. It is design...
The solar photovoltaics wedge: pathways for growth and potential carbon mitigation in the US

The challenge of stabilizing global carbon emissions over the next 50 years has been framed in the context of finding seven 1.0 Gton C/year carbon reduction wedges. Solar photovoltaics (PV) could provide at least one carbon wedge, but will require significant growth in PV manufacturing capacity. The actual amount of installed PV capacity required to reach wedge-level carbon reductions will vary greatly depending on the mix of avoided fuels and the additional emissions from manufacturing PV capacity. In this work, we find that the US could reduce its carbon emissions by 0.25 Gton C/year, equal to the fraction of a global carbon wedge proportional to its current domestic electricity use, by installing 792‐811 GW of PV capacity. We evaluate a series of PV growth scenarios and find that wedge-level reductions could be met by increasing PV manufacturing capacity and annual installations by 0.95 GW/year/year each year from 2009 to 2050 or by increasing up to 4 GW/year/year for a period of 4‐17 years for early and late growth scenarios. This challenge of increasing PV manufacturing capacity and market demand is significant but not out of line with the recent rapid growth in both the global and US PV industry. We find that the rapid growth in PV manufacturing capacity leads to a short term increase in carbon emissions from the US electric sector. However, this increase is small, contributing less than an additional 0.3% to electric sector emissions for less than 4.5 years, alleviating recent concern regarding carbon emissions from rapid PV growth scenarios.
Retrieval of Ice Cloud Parameters Using a Microwave Imaging Radiometer

Abstract Based on the radiative transfer theory, the microwave radiance emanating from ice clouds at arbitrary viewing angles is expressed as an analytic function of the cloud ice water path (IWP), the particle effective diameter (De), and the particle bulk density (ρi). Thus, for a given particle density, the earth-viewing measurements at two frequencies (e.g., 340 and 89 GHz) can provide an estimate of De and IWP for submillimeter-size particles. This physical retrieval is tested using data from the Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (MIR). A comparison among MIR, radar, and infrared sensor measurements shows that the MIR frequencies are affected primarily by thick ice clouds such as cirrus anvil and convection. Over highly convective areas, the measurements from 89 to 220 GHz are nearly identical since the scattering by large ice particles aloft approaches the geometric optics limit, which is independent of wavelength. Under these conditions, only the lower MIR frequencies (89 and 150 GHz) are used to ...
Pulsed Eddy-Current Measurements of Corrosion and Cracking in Aging Aircraft

Pulsed, or transient eddy-current methods are an effective tool for quantitative characterization of hidden corrosion and cracking in multi-layer aircraft structures. Eddy currents are the method of choice for this task, since they penetrate multiple layers of metal, whether or not the layers are mechanically bonded. The pulsed eddy-current technique is an important advance over conventional eddy-current methods because it rapidly acquires data over a wide range of frequencies, thereby providing more information than a conventional, single-frequency eddy-current instrument. We have combined a pulsed eddy-current instrument with a portable two-axis scanner to produce an instrument capable of rapidly scanning aircraft lap splices in situ, producing pseudo-color images that reveal hidden corrosion or cracking. A unique feature of time-domain eddy-current data is the ability to selectively filter clutter from the image by time-gating the pulsed signal. Time-gating permits the user to select the inspection depth, thereby eliminating interference from upper layers, air gaps, lift-off variation and fasteners. By using a theoretical model of the pulsed eddy-current system, it is possible to interpret the data quantitatively, yielding quantitative maps of corrosion damage. Some of the same advantages of the pulsed eddy-current technique apply to the characterization of hidden fatigue cracks as well, although the tieory for crack signals is less advanced.
Cell proliferation and changes in the large granule fraction during hepatic carcinogenesis.

SummaryThe total number of hepatic cells was determined at frequent intervals during the first month of carcinogenesis in the livers of rats fed 3'-methyl-4-dimethylamino—azobenzene; the large granule fraction was also isolated from these livers and the quantity of pentosenucleic acid and protein—nitrogen in this fraction of the average cell was determined. The total number of liver cells remained in the normal range for 26 days, but between the 26 th and 28th days a sudden increase of 50% occurred. No increase in total liver mass accompanied this increase in cell number, and evidence is presented to show that no net synthesis of large granule protein or pentosenucleic acid occurred during this cell division. This cell division without increase in cell substance is compared to the cell division induced in normal liver cells by regeneration.
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: impact on endothelial dysfunction.

Background: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, known as free radicals, play a key role in the etiology and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by creating vascular oxidative stress. Purpose: This review will discuss current biological research about the enzymatic and nonenzymatic sources of oxidative stress, free radical chemistry, and how it pertains to endothelial dysfunction—a hallmark of cardiovascular disease. Methods: An integrative review of the literature was conducted. Findings: Free radicals lower the bioavailability of the potent vasodilator nitric oxide and therefore, through numerous chemical reactions, negatively affect vascular biology and endothelial function. Endothelial dysfunction is considered to be integral in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Conclusions: The success and failures of current therapies to reduce oxidative stress are discussed in terms of implications for nursing research on exogenous antioxidants, pharmacotherapy, and lifestyle change.
Polymerase Bypass of N6-Deoxyadenosine Adducts Derived from Epoxide Metabolites of 1,3-Butadiene

N6-(2-Hydroxy-3-buten-1-yl)-2′-deoxyadenosine (N6-HB-dA I) and N6,N6-(2,3-dihydroxybutan-1,4-diyl)-2′-deoxyadenosine (N6,N6-DHB-dA) are exocyclic DNA adducts formed upon alkylation of the N6 position of adenine in DNA by epoxide metabolites of 1,3-butadiene (BD), a common industrial and environmental chemical classified as a human and animal carcinogen. Since the N6-H atom of adenine is required for Watson–Crick hydrogen bonding with thymine, N6-alkylation can prevent adenine from normal pairing with thymine, potentially compromising the accuracy of DNA replication. To evaluate the ability of BD-derived N6-alkyladenine lesions to induce mutations, synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing site-specific (S)-N6-HB-dA I and (R,R)-N6,N6-DHB-dA adducts were subjected to in vitro translesion synthesis in the presence of human DNA polymerases β, η, ι, and κ. While (S)-N6-HB-dA I was readily bypassed by all four enzymes, only polymerases η and κ were able to carry out DNA synthesis past (R,R)-N6,N6-DHB-dA. Stead...
Evaluation of the in vivo function of the Hancock porcine xenograft in the aortic position

We evaluated the in vivo hemodynamic function of the stent-mounted glutaraldehyde-fixed porcine xenograft in 23 patients who had undergone aortic valve replacement from 2 days to 24 months prior to the study. Functional aortic valve orifice areas for the porcine xenograft ranged from 0.58 to 3.0 sq. cm., the average area being 1.36 sq. cm. Six patients had calculated prosthetic valve orifice areas less than 1.0 sq. cm. Valve orifice area did not correlate significantly with valve size or the time interval from surgery to postoperative study. Left ventricular stroke volume showed a significant, positive correlation with calculated xenograft orifice area. Systemic thromboembolism was not encountered. One patient required reoperation for xenograft stenosis caused by dense fibrin deposition on the aortic leaflets. We conclude that use of the stent-mounted glutaraldehyde-fixed porcine xenograft can be associated with significant functional stenosis which may be related to annulus size or inertial properties of the valve. These factors should be taken into consideration when considering use of the stent-mounted glutaraldehyde-fixed porcine xenograft in individual patients.
Contribution of the Morris hepatomas to the biochemistry of cancer--establishment of the phenotypic heterogeneity of neoplasms in vivo.

Studies on the biochemistry of the Morris hepatomas have demonstrated that concepts of cancer held prior to 1960 which included that of Warburg on the glycolysis of tumors, Greenstein on the convergence of tumors and various aspects of the deletion hypothesis do not apply to a number of these hepatocellular carcinomas. Extensive investigations of the Morris hepatomas have been unable to demonstrate any single, unqiue biochemical characteristic of all of these hepatomas. Rather one can say that mechanisms regulating the expression of genetic information are defective in a variety of ways in this series of neoplasms, with no hepatoma exhibiting completely normal responses to the environment in vivo. This abnormal regulation of genetic expression extends to the expression of fetal isozymes as well.
Thermal Coating Characterization Using Thermoelasticity

Synchronous demodulation techniques have been used for some time to measure thermal radiation produced by the small temperature changes associated with elastic stress in materials, the thermoelastic effect[l]. As reviewed in [2], these measurements have been employed primarily for inferring stress distributions in materials from the associated temperature distributions. Images of stress distribution have been made most often by assembling a large number of individual synchronous component measurements using specialized equipment [3]. Other investigators [4,5] have used subtraction of stroboscopic samples to build up similar images. Recently, techniques using full-field synchronous demodulation [6,7] have been reported using equipment [8] which may be configured to perform a large number of thermal measurements. In this paper, the elements of the measurement system are used to provide information useful in characterizing the thermal properties of a coating on a substrate.
Metal–organic frameworks for membrane-based separations

As research into metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) enters its third decade, efforts are naturally shifting from fundamental studies to applications, utilizing the unique features of these materials. Engineered forms of MOFs, such as membranes and films, are being investigated to transform laboratory-synthesized MOF powders to industrially viable products for separations, chemical sensors and catalysts. Following encouraging demonstrations of gas separations using MOF-based membranes, liquid-phase separations are now being explored in an effort to build effective membranes for these settings. In this Review, we highlight MOF applications that are in their nascent stages, specifically liquid-phase separations using MOF-based mixed-matrix membranes. We also highlight the analytical techniques that provide important insights into these materials, particularly at surfaces and interfaces, to better understand MOFs and their interactions with other materials, which will ultimately lead to their use in advanced technologies. The pores of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) make them attractive materials for gas- and liquid-phase separations. In this Review, the fabrication of MOF-based membranes and analytical techniques used to characterize them are outlined with a focus on the surfaces and interfaces in these composite materials.
Synchronously tuned patch for transmitting FSK

The gain-bandwidth product of a conventional antenna is limited by its electrical size. Synchronous antenna tuning circumvents the limited bandwidth of a time-invariant resonant antenna by modifying the impedance match of the antenna in synchrony with the communications signal. This paper extends an investigation of tuning a VLF antenna in synchrony with a frequency shift keyed (FSK) signal to higher frequencies using varactor diodes rather than mechanical tuning.
Chapter 3.1 - Theory of Shock Waves: 3.1 Shock Waves in Gases

This chapter deals with the explanation of shock waves in gases. The perfect gas assumption greatly simplifies any fluid or aerodynamic analysis and is realistic for many applications, especially those involving a monatomic gas or room temperature air. Real gas effects, however, are often important and cannot be ignored. Thermodynamically speaking, they occur in two regions. The first is in the general vicinity of the coexistence curve, the other region is at elevated temperatures. This chapter also outlines jump conditions associated with steady and unsteady shocks. There are two types of shock wave configuration: single shock system and multiple shock system. Single shock system includes wedge flow, wave drag, sweep, Taylor-Maccoll flow, blunt-body flow, duct flow, cylindrical, and spherical flows. Multiple shock system includes Lambda shock system, over expanded nozzle flow, and steady, oblique shock wave wall reflection, unsteady flow. Further, waves in a thermally and calorically perfect gas are discussed that includes a standard treatment of normal and oblique shocks.
Diversity Dialogue: An Innovative Model for Diversity Training

Diversity Dialogue is a 3-h workshop designed and piloted by the Center for Diversity, Department of Psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Since 2010, Center members have conducted Diversity Dialogues with mental health clinicians, medical specialty professionals, psychiatry residents, and medical students. Our mission is to offer a professionally facilitated safe environment for sharing personal stories and experiences with the goal of enhancing relationships, tolerance and ability in a community.
Archosauriform endocranial morphology and osteological evidence for semiaquatic sensory adaptations in phytosaurs.

The examination of endocranial data of archosauriforms has led to advances on the evolution of body size, nerve pathways, and sensory abilities. However, much of that research has focused on bird-line archosaurs, resulting in a skewed view of Archosauria. Phytosauria, a hypothesized sister taxon to or early-branching member of Archosauria, provides a potential outgroup condition. Most previous phytosaur endocranial studies were executed without the use of modern technology and focused on derived members of Phytosauria. We present a comparative CT examination of the internal cranial anatomy of Wannia scurriensis, the most basal known parasuchid phytosaur. Wannia scurriensis shows some overall similarity with extant crocodylians and derived phytosaurs in general endocranial shape, a large hypophyseal fossa, and trigeminal (CN V) innervation, but as a whole, the endocast has noticeable differences to crocodylians and other phytosaurs. The pineal region is expanded dorsally as in other phytosaurs but also laterally (previously unrecognized). CN V exits the pons in a more dorsal position than in Parasuchus hislopi, Machaeroprosopus mccauleyi, or Smilosuchus gregorii. Wannia scurriensis also exhibits a larger hypophyseal fossa relative to brain size than observed in P. hislopi or S. gregorii, which may indicate more rapid growth. The well-preserved semicircular canals have lateral canals that are angled more anteroventrally than in derived phytosaurs. Extensive facial innervation from the large CN V indicates increased rostrum sensitivity and mechanoreceptive abilities as in Alligator mississippiensis. These endocranial similarities among phytosaurs and with Alligator indicate conserved ecological and functional results of an aquatic lifestyle, and highlight a need for further exploration of endocranial anatomy among Archosauriformes.
Two Approaches to the Synthesis of Dimethyl Fumarate That Demonstrate Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry

Two experiments are described which lead to the preparation of dimethyl fumarate, a compound currently used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Preparation of a compound with “real-world” applications is believed to increase student interest in the experiment. One experiment involves the isomerization of dimethyl maleate to the target compound through reversible nucleophilic addition of an amine, assisted by a Lewis acid catalyst. This experiment facilitates a discussion of the requirements for nucleophilic addition to alkenes, Lewis acid catalysis of carbonyl-based reactions, as well as stereochemical effects on compound stability and physical properties, such as melting point. As the experiment involves heating a solution at reflux, the rationale for and the equipment involved in this technique can also be discussed. The second experiment involves a classic Fischer esterification. This not only reinforces a reaction students will have studied in their lecture class but also facilitates a discussion ...
Perspectives on the Use of Tactics-Refer to Appendix D: Thirty Tactics

This chapter guides users through an understanding of human behavior, selecting the right tactics, assessing tactics, making sure the selected tactic fits the context, and understanding that using tactics depends upon contextual intelligence. Tactics are tools to accomplish plans but one tool is not adequate for all jobs. Evaluating the effective use of tactics is the continuing learning and wisdom of leaders. The user of tactics is cautioned about the consequences of their long-term implications. This chapter closes with 3 tactics to overcome gridlock, 25 alternatives to an impasse, and 5 universal negotiation situations. Appendix D provides descriptions of 30 tactics.
Vitamin D in Dentoalveolar and Oral Health

Abstract Teeth are mineralized organs composed of three unique hard tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum, and attached by an unmineralized periodontal ligament to the surrounding alveolar bone that composes the tooth socket. Vitamin D deficiencies and hereditary defects in vitamin D metabolism have been associated with significant changes in dental-oral-craniofacial structures. The most relevant consequences from a public health perspective are the dental manifestations. This chapter reviews the effects of vitamin D on target cells and tissues in the dentoalveolar complex, describes dental disorders resulting from nutritional vitamin D deficiency and associated hereditary diseases, and summarizes what is known about vitamin D and oral health, including the susceptibility to dental caries and periodontal disease.
Functional Insights Revealed by the Kinetic Mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9

The discovery of prokaryotic adaptive immunity prompted widespread use of the RNA-guided clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) endonuclease Cas9 for genetic engineering. However, its kinetic mechanism remains undefined, and details of DNA cleavage are poorly characterized. Here, we establish a kinetic mechanism of Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 from guide-RNA binding through DNA cleavage and product release. Association of DNA to the binary complex of Cas9 and guide-RNA is rate-limiting during the first catalytic turnover, while DNA cleavage from a pre-formed ternary complex of Cas9, guide-RNA, and DNA is rapid. Moreover, an extremely slow release of DNA products essentially restricts Cas9 to be a single-turnover enzyme. By simultaneously measuring the contributions of the HNH and RuvC nuclease activities of Cas9 to DNA cleavage, we also uncovered the kinetic basis by which HNH conformationally regulates the RuvC cleavage activity. Together, our results provide crucial kinetic and functional details regarding Cas9 which will inform gene-editing experiments, guide future research to understand off-target DNA cleavage by Cas9, and aid in the continued development of Cas9 as a biotechnological tool.
Faith, self-transcendence, and reflection

L'A. etudie la conception de la foi exposee dans le Post-Scriptum aux miettes philosophiques de Soren Kierkegaard. Pour ce dernier, c'est une entreprise d'auto-transcendance radicale qui determine l'existence religieuse, et cette tâche est guidee par la reflexion subjective, seule capable de saisir le telos de l'existence.
Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses (HTLVs)

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first retrovirus to be identified as pathogenic in humans. Since its discovery in 1980, it has been associated with two serious human diseases: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). These occur only in 3–5% of infected individuals, after a long latency period. Despite significant advances in understanding the behavior of this virus and the mechanism of HTLV-1-associated diseases, there still are no effective therapies and no vaccine to prevent the infection.
Laparoscopic tissue approximation

Although many extirpative urologic laparoscopic procedures are starting to be generally accepted, there is limited application of recontructive urologic laparoscopic procedures. Difficulties with laparoscopic tissue approximation account for a large portion of the slow development of recontructive laparoscopic urology. In this paper, the current state of laparoscopic tissue approximation is reviewed, research efforts in this area are summarized, and future directions are considered. The discussion addresses available techniques and devices, as well as those in development for future application.
Magmatic-tectonic control on the generation of silicic magmas in Iceland: Constraints from Hafnarfjall-Skarðsheiði volcano

Abstract Hafnarfjall-Skarðsheiði (H-S) central volcano, located at the edge of the Western rift zone in Iceland, provides a snapshot into silicic magma generation that occurred soon after establishment of a rift. We present in situ zircon U-Pb ages and oxygen and hafnium isotope compositions, complemented by whole-rock major and trace element and Pb, Nd, and Hf whole rock isotope data, from the dominant silicic units erupted throughout H-S's eruptive history. Zircon U-Pb ages (ca. 5.4 to 3.9 Ma) and field relationships indicate silicic magmatism was episodic. However, relatively low (for Iceland) whole rock eHf (+11.9 to 13.3) and eNd (+7.2 to 7.6), in addition to Pb isotope data from basalt and rhyolite units indicate that the same mantle-derived source is dominantly responsible for the geochemical characteristics observed in both magma types, which are more similar to those from magmas from a propagating rift than an established one. This observation is consistent with a role for fractional crystallization of mantle melts in addition to contributions of partially melted altered crust to explain the low δ18Ozrc values (1.5 to 4.6‰) observed. This study highlights the importance of the evolutionary state of the rift, crustal history, and mantle heterogeneity all as contributing factors to the isotopic composition of silicic Icelandic magmas. We invoke a petrogenetic model where the timescales of rift drift explain the long-lived, episodic silicic magmatism produced during rift propagation at Hafnarfjall-Skarðsheiði volcano.
Patterns and Technological Implications of Global Sourcing Strategies: A Study of European and Japanese Multinational Firms

This study reports sourcing strategies used by European and Japanese multinational firms and their implications on the transferability of the firms’ product and manufacturing process technology. Gl...
Trends in Breastfeeding Disparities in US Infants by WIC Eligibility and Participation

ABSTRACT Objective To examine the trends in breastfeeding disparities across Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) eligibility and participation statuses in the last 2 decades. Design Secondary analyses from multiple cross-sectional surveys. Setting United States. Participants The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014 included 10,696 children younger than 60 months. Birth cohorts in 4-year increments were created from 1994 to 2014. Main Outcome Measures Ever-breastfed status and breastfed-at-6-months status. Analysis The prevalence rates of ever-breastfed and breastfed at 6 months were estimated between WIC-eligible vs non-eligible children and WIC-eligible participants vs eligible nonparticipants. Prevalence rates and their 95% confidence intervals were plotted across birth cohorts. Log-binomial regression was conducted to test the trends of breastfeeding in each subgroup. Results Ever-breastfeeding rates increased from 52% (WIC participants) vs 57% (WIC-eligible nonparticipants) in the 1994–1997 birth cohort to 71% vs 77% in the 2010–2014 birth cohort—a 36% vs 34% relative increase for participants vs eligible nonparticipants, respectively (P Conclusion and Implications To meet the Healthy People 2020's goal for breastfeeding at 6 months, sustainable postpartum breastfeeding education and interventions may be needed among WIC participants. Future research focusing on identification of the causal relationship between WIC participation and breastfeeding outcomes is warranted.
F 19 α widths and the F 18 + p reaction rates

Understanding the properties of {sup 19}F levels in the range E{sub x}=6.4-7.5 MeV is important for constraining the contributions of {sup 19}Ne levels to the {sup 18}F(p,{alpha}){sup 15}O and {sup 18}F(p,{gamma}){sup 19}Ne thermonuclear reaction rates. We have reanalyzed {sup 15}N({alpha},{alpha}){sup 15}N data from H. Smotrich et al. [Phys. Rev. 122, 232 (1961)] to determine properties of {sup 19}F levels in this energy range. We find the energies and widths of broad levels to be different than previously reported and have set upper limits on the widths of postulated 3/2{sup +} resonances, analogs of which are important for the {sup 18}F+p rates.
Consultant Corner: Chronic Abdominal Pain

The patient presenting with chronic abdominal pain presents difficulties in both diagnosis and management. The incidence of serious missed diagnoses increases with age. Referral to a gastroenterologist for follow-up within approximately 2 weeks is recommended for patients with chronic abdominal pain after evaluation in an acute care setting has ruled out urgent etiologies. Colitis, malignancy, functional abdominal pain syndromes/irritable bowel syndromes, and adhesions from prior surgical procedures are commonly established diagnoses with specific therapeutic options. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable option in patients who may have already accumulated a high burden of radiation exposure due to multiple prior CT scans. Analgesia for chronic abdominal pain can be a challenge but is best guided by understanding the underlying cause.
Photon-Number Distributions for Number-State Homodyne Photomixing at a Lossless Beam Splitter

We have recently determined the homodyne photon-number distribution at the output ports of a lossless beam splitter given any two input states of the field.1 Photomixing with the number states are the basic building blocks of the theory. For pure input number states, the photon-number distribution at the output ports of the device is proportional to the square of Jacobi polynomials in the beam-splitter transmittance τ . When either input state is the vacuum, the output photon number obeys the binomial law, and interference effects in the photon-number domain are not observed. However, when identical number states are incident on the two input ports of a 50/50 beam splitter (τ = 1/2), interference in the photon-number domain is maximized as the output photons cluster in pairs. Odd photon numbers are thus never observed. The output photon number then obeys the discrete arcsine law, which, unlike the binomial, gives greatest weight to the endpoints of the distribution. This is shown in the figure below.
Differentiating Conscientious from Indiscriminate Responders in Existing NEO-Five Factor Inventory-3 Data

Abstract The mean Inter-Item Standard Deviation (M-ISD; i.e., the mean of several single-scale ISDs) is a post-hoc validity index that statistically differentiates conscientious responders (CRs) from indiscriminate responders (IRs) in psychological questionnaire data. We compared the M-ISD’s effectiveness against four other post-hoc indexes and an embeddable validity scale in three sets of NEO-Five-Factor Inventory-3 data. Results showed the M-ISD has superior classification ability over all other post-hoc indexes and even outperformed the embeddable validity scale. The average classification accuracy of the M-ISD and embeddable scale was 97% and 93%, respectively, whereas only one of the four remaining post-hoc indexes exceeded our classification accuracy criterion of 80%. These findings suggest researchers can use the M-ISD to differentiate valid from invalid data.
Arsenic in the waters and sediments of the Humboldt River, North-Central Nevada, USA: hydrological and mineralogical investigation

Arsenic (As) concentration in the Humboldt River (HR) water ranges from 0.012 to 0.06 mg/L, with an average of 0.032 mg/L. The river water is alkaline with pH 8.4–9.3 and oxic with average 12 mg/L of dissolved O2 and + 139 mV of oxidation–reduction potential (ORP). The river water contains an average specific electrical conductivity of 1000 µS/cm with elevated B (average 0.77 mg/L), Li (average 0.15 mg/L), Cl (average 158 mg/L), and SO4 (average 178 mg/L). Factor analysis of river water chemistry and sediment chemistry suggests several physical and geochemical processes operating in three sub-regions: upper, middle and lower reaches of the river. Oxidative dissolution of As-bearing sulfide minerals in the upstream is the primary source of As to the water. Groundwater–surface water interactions affect As concentrations in localized area between the middle and lower HR. Further enrichment of As occurs by evaporation in the lower reach and the terminal sink of the river. Results of sequential extraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the riverbed sediments suggest that As distribution in the river sediments is controlled by partitioning to clay minerals and Fe-oxy-hydroxides.
CDK7 Inhibition Suppresses Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer through MED1 Inactivation

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a fatal disease, primarily resulting from the transcriptional addiction driven by Androgen Receptor (AR). First-line CRPC treatments typically target AR-signaling, but are rapidly bypassed, resulting in only a modest survival benefit with the anti-androgens. Therapeutic approaches that more effectively block the AR-transcriptional axis are urgently needed. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the association between the transcriptional co-activator MED1 and AR as a vulnerability in AR-driven CRPC. MED1 undergoes CDK7-dependent phosphorylation at T1457 and physically engages AR at super-enhancer sites, and is essential for AR-mediated transcription. Additionally, a CDK7 specific inhibitor THZ1 blunts AR-dependent neoplastic growth by blocking AR/MED1 co-recruitment genome-wide, as well as reverses the hyper-phosphorylated MED1 associated enzalutamide resistant phenotype. In vivo, THZ1 induces tumor regression of AR amplified castration-resistant human prostate cancer in xenograft mouse model. Together, we demonstrate that CDK7 inhibition selectively targets MED1-mediated, AR-dependent oncogenic transcriptional amplification, thus representing a potential new approach for the treatment of CRPC.
From Paradoxical Thinking to Practicing Sustainable Business: The Role of a Business Collective Organization in Supporting Entrepreneurs:

Individual entrepreneurs committed to sustainability experience paradoxes: interdependencies and conflict between social, environmental, and economic goals. Whereas prior research focuses on direct...
Mechanics of damping for fiber composite laminates including hygro-thermal effects

An integrated mechanics theory was developed for the modeling of composite damping from the micromechanics to the laminate level. Simplified, design oriented equations based on hysteretic damping are presented for on-axis plies, off-axis plies, and laminates including the effect of temperature, moisture, and interply hysteretic damping. The temperature rise within vibrating composite laminates resulting from strain energy dissipation is also modeled, and their coupled hygro-thermo-mechanical response is predicted. The method correlates well with reported damping measurements. Application examples illustrate the effect of various ply, laminate, and hygro-thermal parameters on the overall damping performance of composite laminates.
Altered nerve excitability properties after stroke are potentially associated with reduced neuromuscular activation.

Abstract Objective To determine limb differences in motor axon excitability properties in stroke survivors and their relation to maximal electromyographic (EMG) activity. Methods The median nerve was stimulated to record compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) in 28 stroke subjects (57.3 ± 7.5 y) and 24 controls (56.7 ± 9.3 y). Results Paretic limb axons differed significantly from non-paretic limb axons including (1) smaller superexcitability and subexcitability, (2) higher threshold during subthreshold depolarizing currents, (3) greater accommodation (S3) to hyperpolarization, and (4) a larger stimulus-response slope. There were smaller differences between the paretic and control limbs. Responses in the paretic limb were reproduced in a model by a 5.6 mV hyperpolarizing shift in the activation voltage of Ih (the current activated by hyperpolarization), together with an 11.8% decrease in nodal Na+ conductance or a 0.9 mV depolarizing shift in the Na+ activation voltage. Subjects with larger deficits in APB maximal voluntary EMG had larger limb differences in excitability properties. Conclusions Stroke leads to altered modulation of Ih and altered Na+ channel properties that may be partially attributed to a reduction in neuromuscular activation. Significance Plastic changes occur in the axon node and internode that likely influence axon excitability.
Examining K-12 educator experiences from digital citizenship professional development

Digital citizenship refers to exhibiting responsible digital habits to function in a digital world. The purpose of this mixed methods study is to examine K-12 educators' experiences based on a digi...
Deep Learning-Based Fluence Map Prediction for Pancreas Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy With Simultaneous Integrated Boost

Abstract Purpose Treatment planning for pancreas stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a challenging task, especially with simultaneous integrated boost treatment approaches. We propose a deep learning (DL) framework to accurately predict fluence maps from patient anatomy and directly generate intensity modulated radiation therapy plans. Methods and Materials The framework employs 2 convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to sequentially generate beam dose prediction and fluence map prediction, creating a deliverable 9-beam intensity modulated radiation therapy plan. Within the beam dose prediction CNN, axial slices of combined structure contour masks are used to predict 3-dimensional (3D) beam doses for each beam. Each 3D beam dose is projected along its beam’s-eye-view to form a 2D beam dose map, which is subsequently used by the fluence map prediction CNN to predict its fluence map. Finally, the 9 predicted fluence maps are imported into the treatment planning system to finalize the plan by leaf sequencing and dose calculation. One hundred patients receiving pancreas SBRT were retrospectively collected for this study. Benchmark plans with unified simultaneous integrated boost prescription (25/33 Gy) were manually optimized for each case. The data set was split into 80/20 cases for training and testing. We evaluated the proposed DL framework by assessing both the fluence maps and the final predicted plans. Further, clinical acceptability of the plans was evaluated by a physician specializing in gastrointestinal cancer. Results The DL-based planning was, on average, completed in under 2 minutes. In testing, the predicted plans achieved similar dose distribution compared with the benchmark plans (-1.5% deviation for planning target volume 33 V33Gy), with slightly higher planning target volume maximum (+1.03 Gy) and organ at risk maximum (+0.95 Gy) doses. After renormalization, the physician rated 19 cases clinically acceptable and 1 case requiring minor improvement. Conclusions The DL framework can effectively plan pancreas SBRT cases within 2 minutes. The predicted plans are clinically deliverable, with plan quality approaching that of manual planning.
Existence of invariant norms in p-adic representations of GL2(F) of large weights

Abstract Let F be a finite extension of Q p and let q be the cardinality of its residue field. The Breuil-Schneider conjecture for G = G L n ( F ) [BS07] gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of an invariant norm on ρ ⊗ π , where ρ is an irreducible algebraic representation of G and π is an irreducible smooth representation of G over F ‾ . The conjecture is still open, even when n = 2 , if π is a principal series representation. In this case, assuming π is unramified and ρ = Sym k ⊗ det m , it had been verified by Breuil [Bre03b] and De Ieso [DI13] when k q . We extend their work to the range k q 2 / 2 , imposing some technical conditions on π.
Recurrent Status Epilepticus in the Setting of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell Therapy:

Axicabtagene ciloleucel (AC) is an FDA-approved anti-CD19 autologous chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). While its efficacy in DLB...
The importance of Vasanthan Kooththu (Art Form) songs in revealing the existence of human social and professional life

The culture of a community plays a major role in narrating the history and life of that particular community. This culture includes various aspects such as religion, ritual, faith, food, customs or practices as well as art and culture. Among these aspects, art is not only for entertainment; but it is also for exposing the social character and tradition of that particular community. The undeniable thing here is the factor that art forms in every country, and in every region are not only to create entertainment but also to preserve the antiquity of their existence up to now. In that respect, Vasanthan Kooththu, one of the Sri Lankan Tamil art forms, is a notable art form in that category. Even though this art form is found in Batticaloa and Jaffna areas, they have differences between each other. This study focuses on the songs of Vasanthan Kooththu performed in the Katuthavalai area of ​​Batticaloa. This type of Kooththu is an art form of tapping and dancing with two sticks in the hands; however, these sticks are also used to express the function of the meaning of the song with dance. Even though this type of Kooththu is a dance form, the greatness of the songs used in this Kooththu is significant. There are 62 types of Vasanthan poems have been in use in the Art Form performances. These have been compiled around the year 1940. These 62 genres of songs are divided into six genres and compiled, namely 'Kattiyam', 'Thoththiram', 'Sariththiram', 'Tholil', 'Vedikkai', 'Vilaiyaattu' and are still in the practice during Kooththu performance. As mentioned earlier, these Kooththu song systems emphasize the art expression of the culture of a community. The songs related to the professions or job involved in these Kooththu songs express the whole series of activities of the agricultural industry. The reason that these Kooththu songs to aim to explore only a specific industry is to be explored. It is vital to discover this factor; and this article explores about how these Kooththu songs are still in operation today as a popular form of folk music performance to describe a particular social professional life, beyond globalization trends, imposition and blends of colonization thinking. This article also explores the significance of these Kooththu songs hold, the importance they have gained in the life of people as well as the value that these Kooththu songs have even today.
Evaluation of the Sensitivity and Reproducibility of Targeted Proteomic Analysis Using Data-Independent Acquisition for Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins

There is a need for targeted analysis of biological fluids for diagnosis, prognosis, or monitoring the progression of diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum have been widely used for the development of protein analysis for neurodegenerative diseases and other diseases, respectively. Recently, data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS) has been developed to increase the throughput over data-dependent acquisition (DDA) on screening of a large number of samples and discovery of candidate targets. When it comes to target validation, the analytical performance of targeted analysis is critical. However, the inter- and intralaboratory analytical performances of the DIA-MS for targeted proteomic analysis of CSF and serum samples have not yet been investigated. In this study, we showed that the DIA-MS approach allowed us to identify and quantify 1732 CSF and 424 serum proteins, with 90% of proteins identified and quantified in at least 50% of DIA-MS runs. To evaluate the sensitivity, linearity, and dynamic range of the DIA approach, we included the stable isotope-labeled (SI) peptides into CSF and serum samples with serial dilutions. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of peptides was 0.1-0.5 fmol, and the dynamic range was over 3.53 orders of magnitude, with excellent linearity (r2 0.98 in CSF and serum, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrate the capability of the DIA approach as a targeted proteomic analysis for candidate proteins from CSF and serum samples.
Characterizing Intraoperative Vasopressor Use in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Preoperative optimization and protocols for joint replacement care pathways have led to decreased length of stay (LOS)and narcotic use, and are increasingly important in delivering quality, cost savings, and shifting appropriate cases to an outpatient setting. The intraoperative use of vasopressors is independently associated with increased LOS and risk of adverse postoperative events including death, and in total hip arthroplasty, there is an increased risk for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Our aim is to characterize the patient characteristics associated with vasopressor use specifically in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of a cohort of patients who underwent inpatient primary TKA at a single academic hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. Demographics, comorbidities, perioperative factors, and intraoperative medication administration were compared with multivariate regression to identify patients who may require intraoperative vasopressors. Out of these, 748 patients underwent TKA, 439 patients required intraoperative vasopressors, while 307 did not. Significant independent predictors of vasopressor use were older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.08) and history of a prior cerebrovascular accident (CVA; OR = 11.80, CI: 1.48–93.81). While not significant, male sex (OR = 0.72, CI: 0.50–1.04) and regional anesthesia (OR = 0.64, CI: 0.40–1.05) were nearing significance as negative independent predictors of vasopressor use. In a secondary analysis, we did not observe an increase in complications attributable to vasopressor administration intraoperatively. In conclusion, nearly 59% of patients undergoing TKA received intraoperative vasopressor support. History of stroke and older age were significantly associated with increased intraoperative vasopressor use. As the first study to examine vasopressor usage in a TKA patient population, we believe that understanding the association between patient characteristics and intraoperative vasopressor support will help orthopaedic surgeons select the appropriate surgical setting during preoperative optimization.