cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Internetworking service architecture for transporting mission-critical data over heterogeneous subnetworks with probabilistic guarantees

We present the framework for a heterogeneous internetworking service architecture to provide probabilistic quality of service guarantees to short critical messages prior to transmission. The TCP/IP Internet is not suited to bear mission-critical data across administrative domain boundaries with stringent delivery requirements because Border Gateway Protocol obscures network state information. Critical messaging is useful in both military and civilian networks, and the adoption of an architecture designed for this service will greatly reduce overprovisioning costs. Leveraging software-defined network control concepts, we describe architectural modifications to the Internet to realize this service and discuss several algorithmic techniques to support its operation.
Current management of vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis for splenectomy. Part I: Adults

The prevention of severe late postsplenectomy infection by vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis is controversial. This paper reviews the literature and presents a protocol for postsplenectomy adults. Prophylaxis should be adapted to the underlying disease. Every patient has to be informed about the consequences of splenectomy. Depending on the underlying disease, vaccination is recommended against pneumococci, Hemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis. Long-term antibiotic prophylaxis is not advised in adults.
The Influence of Body Size, Season, Sex, Age and Other Factors Upon Some Blood Parameters in Small Mammals

Measurements were made of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit ratio, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and erythrocyte diameter in 34 species of wild mammals from widely separated areas in the United States and Canada representing 5 orders, 10 families and 25 genera. Included in these determinations were measurements on two races of Tamias striatus , two races of Oryzomys palustris , two races of Peromyscus leucopus and three races of Peromyscus maniculatus . Differences in blood values related to species, age, body size and other factors were evident. Hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit ratios and MCHC's showed a correlation with body size, smaller species generally having higher blood values. A number of exceptions were noted which were probably related to season, altitude, behavior or special physiological adaptations. Members of the families Soricidae and Vespertilionidae which include many small-bodied forms with high rates of metabolism generally had the highest blood values. Pregnant and lactating females usually had lower mean blood values than non-gravid females and males, but no significant differences were found between adult non-gravid females and males. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values in juveniles were often significantly lower than in adults. There was some indication that erythrocyte size was larger in juveniles than in adults, and this may have compensated in some unexplained way for the lower hemoglobin and hematocrit values. No significant differences were noted between the blood values of immatures (subadults) and adults. Seasonal differences in mean blood values were observed in cotton rats ( Sigmodon hispidus ), harvest mice ( Reithrodontomys fulvescens ) and deer mice ( Peromyscus leucopus , P. maniculatus and P. boylii ). Lower blood values in summer in cotton rats could possibly be correlated with either increase in weight or increase in the ambient temperature of the environment during this season. A tendency for high-altitude forms to have higher mean blood values than forms living at low altitudes was noted, but it was inferred from the data that the differences were probably mainly due to differences in ambient temperature. High blood oxygen capacities associated with high hemoglobin and hematocrit values in species of small body size with high metabolic rates would be a distinct advantage in increasing the delivery of oxygen to the tissues. The advantage of increased blood oxygen capacity of the smaller species coupled with a higher carbonic anhydrase activity in their red cells is discussed.
Editor's Report: Reviewing Reviewing

With its June 1994 issue, the Journal of American History completes five years of publishing a section devoted to exhibition reviews. The occasion merits a brief review and assessment. How many and what types of reviews have been published? Who have been the reviewers? Have the reviews been useful to historians working in museums and other historical agencies? Have they been valuable to historians who teach at various levels of the academy? In short, in what ways has the JAH exhibition reviewing section made a difference in the teaching, research, and interpretation of American history? Statistics partially answer the first questions. To date 80 reviews have been published of 88 exhibitions. Their authors include 49 academic historians, 29 museum historians, and 1 independent scholar. Several reviewers hold positions both in a historical agency and in an academic institution. Institutions sponsoring the exhibitions reviewed range from large establishments (for example, the National Museum of American History; the Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village) to local historical societies (for example, the Elmhurst Historical Museum in Illinois; the Mississippi Cultural Crossroads in Mississippi). Their geographical locations have been largely in the Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, and Pacific regions. While historical museums and organizations have been the main venues for the exhibitions reviewed, we have also evaluated exhibitions at art museums, National Park Service sites, science and technology museums, photography galleries, archival repositories, public libraries, and natural history and anthropology museums. All the principal exhibition forms -short-term gallery displays, period rooms, historic house museums, traveling exhibitions, outdoor living history sites, and long-term, multiple-gallery installations -have been reviewed. The review formats have varied. Usually one historian has evaluated a single exhibition at a single institution, but at times a historian has written a comparative re-
Anomeric specificity of human erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

SummaryEvidence is presented that human erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehy-drogenase is specific for the β anomer of glucose and glucose-6-phosphate. It is suggested that this specificity is responsible for the lack of stimulation of the hexose monophosphate pathway by methylene blue when galactose is used as a substrate.
Resonant holographic optics

We analyze the image quality of resonant holographic imaging systems. We show that Gaussian apodization, implemented with a Hermite-Gaussian reference beams inside a confocal cavity greatly improves image quality.
Pseudo-halide uranyl salicylaldiminate complexes including the isolation of a rare uranyl azide

AbstractWe report the synthesis and spectroscopy of pseudo-halide complexes of uranyl coordinated to salicylaldiminate ligands. The reaction of [(NC9H6)N=C(H)C6H2tBu2O-κ3(O,N,N′)]UO2Cl(THF), 1, with NaN3 produces a rare example of an uranyl azide, [(NC9H6)N=C(H)C6H2tBu2O-κ3(O,N,N′)]UO2(N3)(THF), 2. A series of isocyanates, [(NC9H6)N=C(H)C6H2tBu2O-κ3(O,N,N′)]UO2(NCE)(THF), E = O, 3; S, 4; Se, 5, were synthesized from reaction of 1 with KNCE. Reaction of 1 with AgNO3 and AgOTf (OTf = SO3CF3) produces [(NC9H6)N=C(H)C6H2tBu2O-κ3(O,N,N′)]UO2(NO3), 6 and [(NC9H6)N=C(H)C6H2tBu2O-κ3(O,N,N′)]UO2(OTf)(THF), 7, respectively. The newly formed complexes, 2–7, have been characterized by 1H, 13C, and 15N NMR (where applicable), as well as IR spectroscopy, and the molecular structure of 2, 5, 6, and 7 have been determined by X-ray crystallography.
Selective Industrial Policy and Manufacturing Export Success in Thailand

Between 1955 and 1988, per capita economic growth in Thailand averaged 3.9 per cent per annum (Christensen et al 1993: 2). Only four countries - Brazil, Malaysia, Taiwan, China and South Korea — grew faster. High economic growth was accompanied by a rapid decline in the incidence of poverty, mild, but rising, income inequality and substantial exports of both manufactures and processed commodities, including processed agricultural commodities.1 By 1985, manufactured exports exceeded agricultural exports for the first time.2 Textile exports increased fourfold between 1983 and 1989; integrated circuits exports doubled between 1985 and 1987; and exports of plastics and shoes more than doubled in 1988 alone. There was a similar boom in processed commodities, they had stagnated between 1981 and 1986 but grew rapidly after that, increasing by more than two-and-a-half times by 1993. This export (and foreign investment) boom contributed to an acceleration of growth to 6.4 per cent per capita per annum between 1989 and 1992.3
Your SWCD An agent of change or a millstone

OR is your conservation district out of touch, out of date, and fossilized? Now some observers suggest that many conservation districts cannot change! I've heard the phrase, “you can't teach an old dog new tricks.” Or the old Popeye saying, “I am what I am!” My reply to both was a saying from my grandmother, “Can't never did anything!” More importantly, what can your district do? For the landowner While most of us realize the necessity of landowners developing a conservation plan that details how he or she will protect water quality, wildlife habitat, wetlands, etc., we also need to be in touch with what they expect, need, and want from a conservation district. A good conservation district employee understands farmer and rancher's motivations for practicing conservation. They have a sense of what services others expect, and know about current governmental and non-governmental programs? The best conservation districts not only lead in defining the appropriate conservation and environmental goals, but then assist with the development of the institutions essential for progress toward those goals. This is in addition to ...
Students Teaching Students: Evaluation of a “Near-Peer” Teaching Experience

Results: Seventeen of 18 (94%) and 104 of 120 (87%) administered surveys were returned by fourth- andfirst-year students, respectively. Sixteen (94%) and 99 (95%) of the fourth- and first-year students reported they ‘‘enjoyed’’ or ‘‘really enjoyed’’ the near-peer teaching experience. Fourteen (82%) of the fourth years perceived improvement in their teaching skills and an increase in their knowledge. Only 8 (47%) of the fourth years thought they were ‘‘helpful’’ or ‘‘very helpful,’’ though 92 (88%) of the first years identified their fourth-year co-instructors as ‘‘helpful’’ or ‘‘very helpful.’’ Conclusions: We piloted a novel ‘‘near-peer’’ program. Both senior and freshman students enjoyed the experience, and fourth years thought the session was educational for them as well. Although most fourth years did not judge themselves as helpful, first-year students overwhelmingly considered them a useful addition to the session.
"IN IGNORANCE TO VIEW A SMALL PORTION AND THINK THAT ALL": THE FALSE PROMISE OF JOB LITERACY

…To perplex youth in their outgoings & to bind to labours in Albion Of day & night the myriads of eternity: that they may grind And polish brass & iron hour after hour, laborious tasks, Kept ignorant of its use: that they might spend the days of wisdom In sorrowful drudgery to obtain a scanty pittance of bread, In ignorance to view a small portion & think that All, And call it Demonstration, blind to all the simple rules of life (Blake, 1966, p. 700)
Curriculum-Based Measurement of Reading: Accuracy of Recommendations From Three-Point Decision Rules

Abstract Despite their widespread use, there is little research to support the accuracy of curriculum-based measurement of reading progress monitoring decision rules. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of a common data point decision rule. This study used a three-point rule with a goal line of 1.50 words read correctly per minute (WRCM) across six levels of true growth (range = 0–3 WRCM), two levels of dataset quality or residual (5 and 10 WRCM), and 13 levels of data collection (range = 3–15 weeks). We estimated the probability of a correct decision as well as the probability of each outcome (change instruction, increase the goal, maintain instruction) across each condition with probability theory and a spreadsheet program. In general, results indicate that recommendations are often inaccurate. Further, the probability of a correct recommendation is below chance in most situations. Results of multiple regression analyses indicate that residual, duration, and true growth interacted ...
A java distributed acquisition system for PET and SPECT imaging

The Detector and Imaging Group at Jefferson Lab is developing various compact gamma cameras for clinical and preclinical systems. Both PET and SPECT systems are under development. To facilitate that development we have designed a highly flexible Java data acquisition tool that helps to minimize software induced dead-time while maintaining the highest possible data rates from our in house built ADCs. This tool interfaces with FPGA based multi-channel ADCs which our group has developed. Using this tool we are able to process data from a number of different detector types such as the SPECT Awake Animal Imaging system at Johns Hopkins University; as well as our PET systems at West Virginia University (WVU), the University of Florida (UF), and the National Technical University of Athens. Because of the inherent flexibility of our processing software, we are also able adjust detector readout parameters during operation to provide the best possible data presentation and calibration parameters. We are using the readout capability of this software with Kmax to provide a user friendly display of detector outputs such as raw images and individual channel spectra. To accommodate the high rate nature of PET detector systems we designed this software to be scalable across an Ethernet network as well as for multi-CPU computer systems, and it also has the capability to synchronize many ADCs connected to multiple computers. We have incorporated this distributed design into the six computer PEM (Positron Emission Mammography)/PET system at WVU, and the three computer cardiac PET detector at UF.
Looking on the Bright Side: The Positive Role of Organisational Politics in the Relationship between Employee Engagement and Performance at Work

Scholars have largely focused on the negative consequences of organisational politics for employees' performance. In contrast, we maintain that organisational politics has positive aspects and moderates the relationship between employee engagement and behaviors at work such as knowledge sharing, creativity, proactivity, and adaptivity. Using data from 253 high-tech employees and their supervisors in Israel, our findings demonstrate that perceptions of organisational politics strengthen the relationship between employee engagement and these behaviors. When engaged employees perceive their workplace to be political, they are more proactive, creative, and adaptive, and more likely to share their knowledge with their peers. These findings confirm the challenge/opportunity stressor theory regarding perceptions of organisational politics and suggest that whether politics is viewed as positive or negative depends on the employees' point of view. For those who are engaged and more actively involved in their jobs, politics can be regarded as a challenge and even an opportunity for obtaining more resources to improve their performance. Implications for the development of theory and practice in this area are discussed.
A Short-Term and High-Resolution Distribution System Load Forecasting Approach Using Support Vector Regression With Hybrid Parameters Optimization

This paper proposes an approach for distribution system load forecasting, which aims to provide highly accurate short-term load forecasting with high resolution utilizing a support vector regression (SVR) based forecaster and a two-step hybrid parameters optimization method. Specifically, because the load profiles in distribution systems contain abrupt deviations, a data normalization is designed as the pretreatment for the collected historical load data. Then an SVR model is trained by the load data to forecast the future load. For better performance of SVR, a two-step hybrid optimization algorithm is proposed to determine the best parameters. In the first step of the hybrid optimization algorithm, a designed grid traverse algorithm (GTA) is used to narrow the parameters searching area from a global to local space. In the second step, based on the result of the GTA, particle swarm optimization is used to determine the best parameters in the local parameter space. After the best parameters are determined, the SVR model is used to forecast the short-term load deviation in the distribution system. The performance of the proposed approach is compared to some classic methods in later sections of this paper.
Employing spatial analysis in indoor positioning and tracking using wi-fi access points

A practical WiFi-based positioning system has to be adaptable to the variations of indoor environmental dynamic factors. In this work, we propose a novel Wi-Fi indoor positioning and tracking framework which employs the spatial analysis and image processing techniques. The Wi-Fi surfaces can be dynamically constructed and updated and thus help to address the challenges of signal spatial heterogeneity and environmental variations. A mobile app for indoor positioning application has been developed as a proof of concept. Based on the experiments we conducted at the Esri campus, this method can achieve about 2-meter positioning accuracy. The proposed methodology and theoretical frame-work can guide engineers to implement cost-effective indoor positioning infrastructure, and thus offer insights on future smart campus applications. The introduced spatial analysis and geoprocessing workflow may also bring the attention of GIScientists to make more efforts to conquer the indoor positioning and tracking challenges.
Targeting P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1/P-selectin interactions as a novel therapy for metabolic syndrome

Obesity-induced insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome continue to pose an important public health challenge worldwide as they significantly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Advances in the pathophysiologic understanding of this process has identified that chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role. In this regard, given that both animal models and human studies have demonstrated that the interaction of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) with P-selectin is not only critical for normal immune response but also is upregulated in the setting of metabolic syndrome, PSGL-1/P-selectin interactions provide a novel target for preventing and treating resultant disease. Current approaches of interfering with PSGL-1/P-selectin interactions include targeted antibodies, recombinant immunoglobulins that competitively bind P-selectin, and synthetic molecular therapies. Experimental models as well as clinical trials assessing the role of these modalities in a variety of diseases have continued to contribute to the understanding of PSGL-1/P-selectin interactions and have demonstrated the difficulty in creating clinically relevant therapeutics. Most recently, however, computational simulations have further enhanced our understanding of the structural features of PSGL-1 and related glycomimetics, which are responsible for high-affinity selectin interactions. Leveraging these insights for the design of next generation agents has thus led to development of a promising synthetic method for generating PSGL-1 glycosulfopeptide mimetics for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
296. Pre-Selection of Anti-HIV Lentiviral Vector Gene Modified Hematopoietic Stem Cells Significantly Improves Protection from HIV Infection: The Basis for a Future Clinical Trial

The successful treatment and cure of HIV in the Berlin Patient has highlighted the utility of HIV-resistant hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to offer a potential functional cure for HIV infected individuals. Stem cell gene therapy for HIV can mimic this result by genetically engineering a patient's own HSC with lentiviral vectors encoding HIV resistance genes. Clinical trials of HIV stem cell gene therapy have been unsuccessful at demonstrating complete efficacy due to the transplantation of a low percentage of anti-HIV gene expressing cells.Therefore, to bridge the gap between these previous approaches and the Berlin patient, we have developed a pre-selection process which allows for the purification of vector transduced cells prior to transplantation into patients. This pre-selective lentiviral vector (1TAX) encodes a triple combination of anti-HIV genes (a human/rhesus macaque TRIM5alpha, a CCR5 shRNA, and a TAR decoy) in addition to a truncated/mutated form of human CD25 which is expressed on the cell surface of transduced HSC and is used to enrich for the HIV-resistant cell population.Purity levels of 1TAX transduced human HSC obtained after selection for CD25+ were >94% as determined by flow cytometry. Safety of the 1TAX vector transduced/purified human HSC was demonstrated in vivo in NOD-SCID-Rag-/-IL2rgamma-/-(NRG) mice with the detection of engraftment and multi-lineage hematopoiesis into human T cells, B cells, and macrophages in the peripheral blood and lymphoid organs. Upon infection of 1TAX mice with a CCR5-tropic BaL-1 or a CXCR4-tropic NL43 strain of HIV-1, maintenance of normal human CD4+ cell levels were observed in the peripheral blood. A significant decrease (>4 logs) in HIV-1 plasma viremia was also demonstrated in 1TAX mice as compared to mice transplanted with nontransduced human HSC. Together, this work has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of this 1TAX pre-selective lentiviral vector in HSC and is the basis for a future human clinical trial of HIV stem cell gene therapy.
Shock Response of SiC/2014-T4 Aluminum Composite

Composites form a class of materials which has the potential to be tailored to possess specific desirable physical and mechanical properties sometimes exceeding the desirable characteristics of its constituents. Interest in the composite material of this investigation, namely, silicon carbide whisker reinforced 2014 aluminum alloy arose from a desire to determine if this composite would have better mechanical properties than either of its two constituents. One of the properties of interest is the nature of the deformation of this composite, hereafter referred to as SiC/2014-T4 Al, under shock loading. This paper presents the preliminary results of a limited number of shock compression experiments performed on SiC/2014-T4 Al of two orientations to 5.2 GPa. The two orientations of SiC/2014-T4 Al result from the fabrication process of this composite by the method of hot-isostatic compression, usually called the HIP method. This aspect of the material orientation is briefly described in the following section. The results of this work, even though only preliminary in nature, do provide some pertinent information regarding both the nature of the deformation of SiC/2014-T4 Al under shock compression and its spall threshold.
Long-term outcomes with postoperative chemotherapy in appendicular carcinoma.

e15182 Background: Appendicular carcinoma is a very rare malignant neoplasm of the vermiform appendix. Cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy ( HIPEC) continues to be the stan...
Social Networking and Leadership Accountability in (Quasi) Secret Organizations

Almost a century ago, United States Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandies articulated an insightful analysis in a Harper’s Weekly article titled What Publicity Can Do.1 He noted that “[p]ublicity is justly commended as a remedy for social and industrial diseases. Sunlight is said to be the best of disinfectants; electric light the most efficient policeman.” Justice Brandeis’s idea vis-a-vis the virtues of publicity had germinated more than two decades prior when he expressed an interest in writing a companion piece to his article The Right to Privacy. This time, however, he would focus on the duty of publicity. He noted that he had been thinking “about the wickedness of people shielding wrongdoers & passing them off (or at least allowing them to pass themselves off) as honest men.” His proposed remedy was that, “[i]f the broad light of day could be let in upon men’s actions, it would purify them as the sun disinfects.” Fortunately, we live in an era in which organizations have difficulty keeping their conduct in the dark. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and whistleblower protection laws amplify the sunlight cast upon organizations. But there are, for a range of reasons, organizations that operate in the shadows — possibly due to the law but certainly due to internal dynamics. A classic example is black Greek-letter organizations (“BGLOs”). These organizations, with their secret rituals and yet public operations, are now more than one century old and have a membership that is a veritable who’s who in black American achievement. In the past few years, several of these organizations have been rocked by scandals about their national presidents engaging in financial malfeasance with organization funds. What is more interesting is that members have had tremendous difficulty addressing these issues. There are, after all, a number of organizational dynamics that might constrain BGLO members from being able to hold their leadership accountable for financial malfeasance. This Article contends that where organizational mechanisms militate against leadership accountability, (quasi) secure social networking sites may be the best hope for (quasi) secret organization members to hold their leaders accountable.
An information density approach to analyzing and optimizing incremental redundancy with feedback

This paper uses a case study of a tail-biting convolutional code (with successful decoding indicated by the reliability output Viterbi algorithm) to present an information density approach for analyzing and optimizing the throughput of systems using incremental redundancy controlled by feedback. Polyan-skiy's normal approximation combined with a linear model for the information gap of a rate-compatible code family provides a simple and accurate characterization of the behavior of feedback systems employing practical codes, such as convolutional or low-density parity-check codes. Especially for short message lengths on the order of k < 50 message bits, the newly proposed model is more accurate than Vakilinia's model in which the rate of first successful decoding has a Gaussian probability density function.
Recent Advances in Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics by NMR and MS/NMR Methods

Metabolomics has made significant progress in multiple fronts in the last 18 months. This minireview aimed to give an overview of these advancements in the light of their contribution to targeted and untargeted metabolomics. New computational approaches have emerged to overcome the manual absolute quantitation step of metabolites in one-dimensional (1D) 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. This provides more consistency between inter-laboratory comparisons. Integration of two-dimensional (2D) NMR metabolomics databases under a unified web server allowed for very accurate identification of the metabolites that have been catalogued in these databases. For the remaining uncatalogued and unknown metabolites, new cheminformatics approaches have been developed by combining NMR and mass spectrometry (MS). These hybrid MS/NMR approaches accelerated the identification of unknowns in untargeted studies, and now they are allowing for profiling ever larger number of metabolites in application studies.
Stress and Respiration

Crops are frequently, if not always, subjected to some stress or combination of stresses that limit growth. It is not surprising that stresses affect crop plant respiration rate and may also alter respiration qualitatively. In this chapter the effects of stress on respiration will be covered. A few stresses will be dealt with in some detail, but the principles of stress effects on respiration in general will be emphasized. In keeping with the notions of respiration presented in the previous chapters, several effects on respiration can be predicted, and explanations offered, for these responses.
The Hydraulics of Homogeneous Flow in a Rotating Channel

The original models of rotating, hydraulically driven currents were motivated by observations of deep overflows. The spillage of dense fluid over the sills of the Denmark Strait, the Faroe Bank Channel and other deep passages is suggestive of hydraulic control and one hope was that formulae used to estimate the volume outflow from a reservoir might be extended to these settings. To this end the whole volume of dense, overflowing fluid is treated as a single homogeneous layer with reduced gravity. In the Denmark Strait overflow example (Figures I.7 and I.8) this layer typically includes all fluid denser than σθ=27.9. The layer experiences strong, cross-channel variations in thickness and velocity, complications that can arise in engineering applications but are unavoidable where the earth’s rotation is important. Much of the development of the theory of rotating hydraulics consists of attempts to come to grips with this extra degree of freedom. We shall trace this development beginning with early models of rotating-channel flow and show that hydraulic control and many of the other features reviewed in the first chapter remain present in one form or another. A number of novel features will also arise, including boundary layers, flow reversals, and sidewall separation. In this presentation, we will use northern hemisphere flows as paradigms.
Abstract 60: Shear Stress Maintains Endocardial Phenotype in Ipsc Derived Endocardial Cells

Objectives: Specialized endocardial cells are responsible for the development of heart valves in utero. During a highly regulated morphogenetic process, these endocardial cells undergo endothelial-...
A phase separation problem and geodesic disks on Cassinian oval surfaces

Abstract We conduct numerical investigations into the shape of equilibrium patches on Cassinian oval surfaces. Such patches arise as minimizers of a Landau-type free energy subject to a conservation constraint. The equilibrium patch shape and location depends on a number of factors, including the grid size, a diffusion coefficient, a conservation parameter, and the initial phase distribution. We develop a scheme to distinguish between those patches that closely approximate geodesic disks and those patches that are poor approximations to geodesic disks. We find that the poor approximations form when the patch is relatively large, in contrast to what other researchers found for ellipsoid surfaces.
Comparison of different spatial interpolation methods for historical hydrographic data of the lowermost Mississippi River

ABSTRACTThe lowermost Mississippi River (LMR) is important to the environment and economy of continental United States. Although bathymetric data have been collected over many decades at numerous c...
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Risk Stratification Utilizing Phospho-Histone H3 Evaluated by Manual Counting and Computer-Assisted Image Analysis:

Background. Risk of progressive disease of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) relies on mitotic index, size, and location of the tumor. However, manual mitotic counting on hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides (MMC-HE) is inefficient with low reproducibility. Manual count of phospho-histone H3 (MC-PHH3)-positive cells on immunohistochemical stained slides has been shown to have comparable reliability with MMC-HE. This study aims to confirm the reliability of MC-PHH3 in GISTs compared with MMC-HE and then to further compare MC-PHH3 with computer-assisted image analysis of PHH3-positive cells (Comp-PHH3). Methods. The study included 119 patients with GISTs. PHH3 stains were performed. MC-PHH3 was assessed as counts/5 mm2 high-power fields. Whole slide images were captured and the tumor area with greatest mitotic activity was manually identified. The PHH3-positive cells were automatically counted in 0.5 mm2 using Ventana Virtuoso software. Results. MMC-HE ranged from 0 to 157/5 mm2. MC-PHH3 ranged from 0 to 35.6/5 mm2. Comp-PHH3 ranged from 0 to 66/0.5 mm2. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) indicates good agreement between the 3 pathologists for MC-PHH3 (ICC = 0.74, P = .42). There is a strong correlation between MMC-HE and MC-PHH3. The Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.63 (P < .0001). Lin's concordance further indicated a moderate diagnostic agreement between MC-PHH3 and Comp-PHH3. Conclusion. MC-PHH3 is proposed as a superior alternative to MMC-HE with potential application in GIST reporting and prognostication. Furthermore, Comp-PHH3 may be a valid alternative to MC-PHH3.
New Women and Novel Characters

This chapter examines the way in which the “new woman” figure was constituted in Egypt at the turn of the century as a dangerous reader of fiction and, in turn, as an unsecured text. Selim focuses on two Egyptian male-authored novels that inscribe this problematic on the body of the new woman in reformist terms: the education of women (Wealth and Want, 1904) and a newly constituted ethics of erotic love (Egypt’s Secrets, 1906). She then turns to examine a pseudotranslation (A Secret to End All Secrets, 1906) by the Lebanese writer, educator and feminist Esther Moyal, which mobilizes a variety of adaptation strategies to parody and challenge the disciplinary concerns and masculine anxieties of the reformist author.
Spontaneous emission by an ensemble of dipoles coupled to a plasmonic nanoresonator

ABSTRACTSpontaneous emission from ensembles of quantum emitters (QEs) such as atoms, molecules or semiconductor quantum dots can be greatly enhanced by cooperative effects arising from electromagne...
The MCP-1/CCR2 Axis in the Biology of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Possible Role in Blast Cell Migration

Abstract Abstract 1439 Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease with a high mortality rate despite chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. There are multiple mechanisms of resistance against chemotherapy and significant data indicate that both CXCR4/SDF-1 and VLA-4/VCAM1 axes are involved in leukemia protection. Little is known about the role of MCP-1/CCR2 in AML biology and protection against chemotherapy. Methods: To evaluate the role of MCP-1/CCR2 in AML biology, we first measured MCP-1/CCR2 expression in AML cell lines and primary AML cells. We quantified CCR2 by flow cytometry (FCM), real time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot (WB). MCP-1 production was quantified by solid phase ELISA in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) serum. Our second objective was to establish the role of MCP-1/CCR2 axis in chemotaxis, cell cycle and AML proliferation. Chemotaxis was performed in a 5um transwell system with AML primary cells (6×105 cells) or AML cell lines (2×105 cells) in the upper chamber and different concentrations of MCP-1/CCR2 agonists/blockers or controls added to the lower chamber. Migrated cells were measured by optic microscopy and FCM 24 hrs after culture. Cell cycle and proliferation experiments were performed as with the chemotaxis studies. Quantification of cell cycle and proliferation was done with BrDU by FCM. We also quantified cell cycle using propidium iodide and proliferation with yellow tetrazolium MTT. Our third objective was to determine if synergy was present in cell apoptosis in vitro when conventional chemotherapy and MCP-1/CCR2 blockade was combined. AML cells were cultured in the presence of rhMCP-1, CCR2 inhibitors or controls at different doses and IC50 cytarabine. Apoptosis was measured by FCM against Annexin V. Results: Of 34 patients, 18 (53%) expressed CCR2 by FCM. Mean CCR2 expression was 19% (range, 4–53) in PB and 20% (range, 6–63) in BM. We also screened 5 AML cell lines (Kasumi, GDM, THP-1, U937 and a murine AML), 2 of them expressing high levels of CCR2 (THP-1 and murine AML). RT-PCR in AML primary cells and CCR2+ cell lines confirmed mRNA production in these samples. WB analysis confirmed RT-PCR findings. MCP-1 solid phase ELISA analysis in PB and BM serum samples showed significantly lower levels of MCP-1 compared to normal controls (p Conclusions: MCP-1/CCR2 axis is expressed in the majority of AML blasts analyzed. The axis is involved in cell trafficking and proliferation but no in vitro chemotherapy protective effect was seen. We are now investigating the possibility that the main in vivo effect is related to cell migration and mobilization, which could be a potential target in the treatment of AML. Funded by Chilean Government Grant FONDECYT #1110319 Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Thermally stable, homogeneous blends of cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) and crown ethers with enhanced CO2 permeability

Abstract Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based materials are one of the leading membrane materials for CO2/N2 separation with a balanced high CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity. Herein we demonstrate that a cross-linked PEO (XLPEO) can be doped with crown ethers (such as 18-Crown-6 or C6) to dramatically increase CO2 permeability without sacrificing CO2/N2 selectivity. The crystalline crown ethers can be fully dissolved in XLPEO and increases the polymer chain flexibility and thus gas diffusivity. For example, adding 60 mass% of C6 in XLPEO (XLPEO/C6-60) decreases the glass transition temperature from −61 °C to −74 °C and increases CO2 permeability from 600 Barrer to 1340 Barrer while retaining CO2/N2 selectivity at ~ 48 at 35 °C, above the 2008 Robeson's upper bound. When tested with simulated flue gas, XLPEO/C6-60 exhibits stable CO2/N2 separation performance in the presence of water vapor at temperatures up to 60 °C.
Improving cell-specific drug connectivity mapping with collaborative filtering

Abstract Motivation Drug re-positioning allows expedited discovery of new applications for existing compounds, but re-screening vast compound libraries is often prohibitively expensive. “Connectivity mapping” is a process that links drugs to diseases by identifying drugs whose impact on expression in a collection of cells most closely reverses the disease’s impact on expression in disease-relevant tissues. The high throughput LINCS project has expanded the universe of compounds, cellular perturbations, and cell types for which data are available, but even with this effort, many potentially clinically useful combinations are missing. To evaluate the possibility of finding disease-relevant drug connectivity despite missing data, we compared methods using cross-validation on a complete subset of the LINCS data. Results Modified recommender systems with either neighborhood-based or SVD imputation methods were compared to autoencoders and two naive methods. All were evaluated for accuracy in prediction of both expression signatures and connectivity query responses. We demonstrate that cellular context is important, and that it is possible to predict cell-specific drug responses with improved accuracy over naive approaches. Neighborhood-based collaborative filtering was the most successful, improving prediction accuracy in all tested cells. We conclude that even for cells in which drug responses have not been fully characterized, it is possible to identify drugs that reverse the expression signatures observed in disease. Contact donna.slonim@tufts.edu Supplementary information bcb.cs.tufts.edu/cmap
Urban Techno-Politics: An Introduction

Urban regions, which are today home to more than half of the world’s population, have long served as vibrant centers of social, political and economic life (Mumford, 1961; Hall, 1998; Glaeser, 2011...
Risk-Based Inspection Model for Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement Construction Projects

AbstractHot mix asphalt (HMA) is a critical component in highway construction projects. There is a lack of studies that have investigated the causal relationship between inspection activities and q...
Factors Associated with Sterile Syringe Acquisition among People Who Inject Drugs in West Virginia

Background Syringe services programs (SSPs) are evidence-based interventions that provide essential overdose and infectious disease prevention resources to people who inject drugs (PWID). Little research has examined factors associated with sterile syringe acquisition at SSPs among rural PWID populations. Objectives We aim to identify factors associated with PWID in a rural county in West Virginia having recently acquired sterile syringes at an SSP. Methods PWID (n = 420) completed a survey that included measures related to sociodemographics, structural vulnerabilities, and substance use. We used multivariable Poisson regression with robust variance estimation to examine independent associations with sterile syringe acquisition at an SSP. Results Sixty-five percent of our sample reported having recently acquired sterile syringes at an SSP. Factors associated with recent sterile syringes acquisition at an SSP included: being older (aPR [adjusted prevalence ratio]: 1.011, 95% CI: 1.003-1.019), single (aPR: 0.862, 95% CI: 0.755-0.984), experiencing food insecurity (aPR: 1.233, 95% CI: 1.062-1.431), recently injecting fentanyl (aPR: 1.178, 95% CI: 1.010-1.375) and prescription opioid pain relievers (aPR: 0.681, 95% CI: 0.551-0.842), and recent naloxone acquisition (aPR: 1.360; 95% CI: 1.178-1.569). Receptive syringe sharing was inversely associated with acquiring sterile syringes at an SSP (aPR: 0.852; 95% CI: 0.741-0.979). Conclusion PWID accessing sterile syringes at an SSP was associated with several sociodemographic, structural, and substance use factors. Ensuring rural SSP operations are tailored to local PWID population-level needs is paramount to the prevention of infectious disease outbreaks and overdose fatalities.
Mapping of the genetic determinant for grain size in rice using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population generated from two elite indica parents

Grain size is a major component of rice grain yield and grain quality. Here we conducted genetic analysis for grain size using an F8 recombinant inbred lines population derived from the cross between two elite indica parents, the slender-grain line Taifeng B with good grain quality and the high-yielding short-grain cultivar Tesanai 2. Strong positive association between hundred-grain weight and grain width was observed, but significant negative correlation was found between grain length and grain width. A total of 36 QTLs for grain weight, grain length, grain width, grain length/width ratio and grain thickness were identified and they explained a total phenotypic variance ranging from 53.6 to 75.2 %. Of them, 6 QTLs were reported for the first time and they are likely novel genetic loci. Moreover, QTLs for grain size tend to form clusters at similar locations. Three of them were detected on chromosome 3, 5, and 7, locating at the regions of the previously reported loci GS3, qSW5/GW5 and GS7, respectively. The allele variance of the above three loci between the parental lines was verified by using functional marker and genome re-sequencing. The major QTLs and QTL clusters discovered in this study are valuable for improvement of rice grain yield and quality through marker-assisted selection. The repeatedly detected QTLs and newly identified loci lay foundation for further fine mapping and map-based cloning.
Reading the Perplexing Figure of the "Bandit Queen": Interpellation, Resistance and Opacity

Through an examination of some of the "stories" that textually produced and constructed Phoolan Devi as the iconic figure of the "Bandit Queen," I argue that a range of representations including the biopic, Bandit Queen, functioned to impose a form of transparency on the marginalized. Such texts aim to tell the "truth" and to transparently reveal the subaltern woman "specifically Phoolan Devi" and the savagery that surrounded her. I will argue that this imposition of transparency is achieved through interpellation "hailing Phoolan Devi as the "Bandit Queen" or as the Kali figure" an unsophisticated woman who was brutalized and sought revenge. This process of interpellation reveals neoliberal ideologyA¢â¬â¢s attempt to manage the burgeoning political power of lower caste and dalit groups through the body of the gendered subaltern in postcolonial India. I will also argue that despite these attempts to reveal the "truth" about Phoolan Devi, ambivalences remain. I will show that such ambivalences can be productive mainly because they resist the imposition of transparency on the subaltern. More specifically, I will argue that one must read and represent the subject through the contradictions and the paradoxes that she appears to embody and that the autobiographical text "I, Phoolan Devi" in particular offers us this opportunity.
Assessing capture success of small mammals due to trap orientation in field–forest edge habitat

The prediction that trap orientation would not affect the likelihood of capturing small, non-volant mammals in field–forest edge habitat was tested during late May and early June 2010 at 3 locations in western Tennessee. Traps were placed in pairs along transects in edge habitats with the orientation of one trap facing outward, toward the field, and the other oriented inward, toward the forest. Results reflected no differential capture success due to trap orientation among ages, sexes, species, or locations. This finding should facilitate the inventorying and monitoring of small mammals in an abundant and potentially species-rich habitat type found in many terrestrial regions.
The Persistence of Hippocampal-Based Memory Requires Protein Synthesis Mediated by the Prion-like Protein CPEB3

Consolidation of long-term memories depends on de novo protein synthesis. Several translational regulators have been identified, and their contribution to the formation of memory has been assessed in the mouse hippocampus. None of them, however, has been implicated in the persistence of memory. Although persistence is a key feature of long-term memory, how this occurs, despite the rapid turnover of its molecular substrates, is poorly understood. Here we find that both memory storage and its underlying synaptic plasticity are mediated by the increase in level and in the aggregation of the prion-like translational regulator CPEB3 (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein). Genetic ablation of CPEB3 impairs the maintenance of both hippocampal long-term potentiation and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory. We propose a model whereby persistence of long-term memory results from the assembly of CPEB3 into aggregates. These aggregates serve as functional prions and regulate local protein synthesis necessary for the maintenance of long-term memory.
PF and TF power systems for the Fusion Ignition Research Experiment (FIRE)

The primary goal of the FIRE preconceptual design is to affordably conduct physics experiments in the fusion ignition regime with self-heated plasmas. The device could also permit advanced tokamak experiments in deuterium lasting several minutes. Tradeoff studies considering MVA and flattop duration have identified TF and PF magnet power system designs expected to have low cost, consistent both with the mission to enter the ignition regime and the possibility to conduct long pulse deuterium experiments. In addition, a performance-extending upgrade path for the power system has been identified which could be followed later, if experimental results justify further increasing the maximum toroidal field and plasma current or lengthening the duration.
Studies in the zinc reduction series: Relationship of zinc and acid to zinc and alkali reductions of aldehydes and ketones

The zinc and alkali reductions of benzaldehyde, acetophenone, and derivatives of these compounds are discussed. Further evidence is presented to support the bimolecular nature of the reductions. It is also concluded that the major differences between acid and alkali reductions reside in secondary effects of the reaction conditions rather than in the reductive portion of the reaction.