cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Political Theory in the Liberal Arts: How It’s Different and Why It’s Not All the Same

This article addresses the question of how political theory within the liberal arts differs from political theory done elsewhere. It frames the discussion in terms of both the existential crisis of political theory within the political science discipline and the financial and identity crises of liberal arts education within the broader higher education environment. The article then identifies two major factors—the small size and the prevalence of liberal arts norms— that contribute to convergence in the way political theory is taught and researched in the liberal arts. These observations notwithstanding, this article’s central contention is that there is a great diversity of ways to “do” political theory in the liberal arts, and that variation among colleges and among political theorists tends to be far more definitive of the political theory experience than the commonalities derived from the liberal arts setting. The essay concludes by describing sources of divergence that complicate efforts to decipher a coherent and shared understanding of what political theory in the liberal arts means.
What Will the Oil and Gas Industry Do This Time

JPT • FEBRUARY 2009 From 1972 to 1982, the enrollment in petroleum engineering departments in the United States increased substantially. We are currently seeing a similar increase in enrollment in petroleum engineering schools. Fig. 1 shows the total US petroleum engineering enrollment from 1972 to 2009. The enrollment peaked at just over 12,000 total students. In 1972, there were 1,362 undergraduate students in US universities. By 1983, the number had increased to 11,014. By comparison, in 2003, there were 1,673 undergraduates, and by the start of the fall semester 2008, the number of undergraduates had increased to 4,199. As can be seen in Fig. 2, the growth trend in undergraduate student enrollment from 2003 to 2009 is similar to the growth trend from 1972 to 1978. The Department of Petroleum Engineering at Texas A&M University in 2003 only graduated 35 students with BS degrees and 46 students with MS or PhD degrees. In 2004, the oil and gas industry asked all the departments of petroleum engineering in the US to increase enrollment and graduates, and the universities have responded to that request. This year, the Department of Petroleum Engineering at Texas A&M will graduate more than 100 students with BS degrees and more than 50 with graduate degrees. Now the oil and gas industry must do its part and hire these graduate engineers. Such a request seems almost silly if one has been reading all the articles during the past few years about the shortage of engineers in the oil and gas industry, and attending all the panel sessions at all the meetings to discuss what the industry needs to do to fill the age gap that exists in most companies, especially US domestic companies that do not hire an international work force. However, with the current economic downturn and the unexplainable increase and decrease in oil prices from a high of USD 147/bbl to the current price of around USD 40/bbl, some students are starting to ask questions about their job prospects and their career choice in general. What Will the Oil and Gas Industry Do This Time?
Compositional certified resource bounds

This paper presents a new approach for automatically deriving worst-case resource bounds for C programs. The described technique combines ideas from amortized analysis and abstract interpretation in a unified framework to address four challenges for state-of-the-art techniques: compositionality, user interaction, generation of proof certificates, and scalability. Compositionality is achieved by incorporating the potential method of amortized analysis. It enables the derivation of global whole-program bounds with local derivation rules by naturally tracking size changes of variables in sequenced loops and function calls. The resource consumption of functions is described abstractly and a function call can be analyzed without access to the function body. User interaction is supported with a new mechanism that clearly separates qualitative and quantitative verification. A user can guide the analysis to derive complex non-linear bounds by using auxiliary variables and assertions. The assertions are separately proved using established qualitative techniques such as abstract interpretation or Hoare logic. Proof certificates are automatically generated from the local derivation rules. A soundness proof of the derivation system with respect to a formal cost semantics guarantees the validity of the certificates. Scalability is attained by an efficient reduction of bound inference to a linear optimization problem that can be solved by off-the-shelf LP solvers. The analysis framework is implemented in the publicly-available tool C4B. An experimental evaluation demonstrates the advantages of the new technique with a comparison of C4B with existing tools on challenging micro benchmarks and the analysis of more than 2900 lines of C code from the cBench benchmark suite.
Effect of topical fluoroquinolones on corneal re-epithelialization after excimer laser keratectomy

Abstract Purpose: To measure the effects of commercially prepared topical fluoroquinolones on the healing rate of epithelial defects in the rabbit cornea after excimer laser keratectomy. Setting: The Doheny Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA. Methods: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits had unilateral excimer laser superficial keratectomy to create a circular, central corneal epithelial defect. Following keratectomy, each rabbit was randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, each consisting of eight rabbits. Each rabbit was treated with one drop of the assigned medication, each hour until epithelialization was complete; Group 1 received ciprofloxacin, Group 2, ofloxacin, and Group 3, preservative-free artificial tears as a control. The epithelial defect was stained with fluorescein and photographed every 12 hours with a cobalt blue filtered light. Planimetric measurements of the wound area were made with an image analysis system. Results: The control group eyes were re-epithelialized within 84 hours. The fluoroquinolone-treated eyes required 144 hours for complete healing. Both ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin significantly delayed corneal epithelial healing ( P = .0055) compared with the control. Two animals treated with topical ciprofloxacin developed a white precipitate in the area of the epithelial defect; however, the precipitate did not prevent closure of the epithelial defect. No such precipitate was seen with ofloxacin. Conclusion: These data suggest that both ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin influence corneal wound healing in rabbits after laser keratectomy and that their healing rates did not differ. A white precipitate that appeared in the epithelial defect area in some rabbits treated with ciprofloxacin did not prevent closure of the defect.
Aneurysms of the portal vein and superior mesenteric vein

Only scattered reports of portal vein and superior mesenteric vein aneurysms appear in the literature. Case reports of three patients with portal vein and superior mesenteric vein aneurysms diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) and gray-scale, color Doppler, and duplex Doppler sonography are presented. In one case, an isolated portal vein aneurysm was demonstrated. In the second case, an aneurysm of the portal vein and superior mesenteric vein resulting in biliary ductal dilatation was observed. In the third case, an isolated superior mesenteric vein aneurysm was found. None of the patients had a history or clinical evidence of underlying liver disease, pancreatitis, or other disease states that would predispose them to the development of aneurysms. The clinical presentations, possible etiologies, and imaging features of portal vein and superior mesenteric vein aneurysms are reviewed. The value of CT and sonography in the detection and characterization of these rare aneurysms is discussed.
Why Study New Games

This article recalls the New Games Tournament of 1966 and with it, twoways to imagine play in the period: one, military war gaming and the other, the protest-oriented play of the counterculture. It then analyzes the legacy of these cultural styles for contemporary forms of gaming.
Job: On Death and Dying

Although Job has been seen primarily as a theodicy, the continuing appeal of the book may also be due to its insights into our human reactions to the threat of death. The stages of dying described by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross are vividly portrayed in the words and actions of Job, his wife and his friends. Job articulates his isolation and anger, his self-justification and bargaining, his grief and hopelessness as well as his faith and acceptance of death. Job's plea for human as well as divine understanding is especially pertinent for those who seek to comfort the dying with a religious context.
Application of variational methods in the fixed and adaptive grid generation

Abstract The present paper is devoted to the development of a system of partial differential equations for the purpose of generating fixed and adaptive numerical grids. The resulting equations are applicable to both two- and three-dimensional grid generation problems. Equations have also been presented for both the fixed and adaptive grids in curved surfaces.
Job-Related Emotional Labor and Its Relationship to Work-Family Conflict and Facilitation

This article used a differential salience demands-resources model to explore how self-focused (i.e., surface and deep acting) and other-focused (i.e., emotional enhancement and relationship management) job-related emotional labor are associated with bidirectional measures of work-family conflict and facilitation. Results indicated that surface acting was related positively with time-, strain-, and behavior-based work-family conflict and was associated negatively with work-to-family facilitation. Emotional enhancement was linked negatively to time-based work-to-family conflict and strain-based family-to-work conflict. Finally, relationship management was related negatively to both directions of behavior-based work-family conflict, but was associated positively with both directions of work-family enhancement. Results support the expansion of job-related emotional labor to include other- as well as self-focused aspects.
Enrichment experiments for determining nutrient limitation: Four methods compared1

Four nutrient bioassay techniques were compared in studies of an oligotrophic, soft-water lake in New Hampshire. Enrichments of large polyethylene enclosures, continuous cultures of the natural phytoplankton community, and long term 14C bioassays agree in demonstrating that nitrogen and phosphorus limit phytoplankton growth in this lake. However, in short term (4–30 h) 14C bioassays, nitrogen and phosphorus enrichments did not stimulate phytoplankton production. Care should be exercised in extrapolating results from short term, bottle bioassays to measures for controlling eutrophication.
Contralateral loop snare removal of a ruptured and entrapped angioplasty balloon

We describe a technique that extracted a ruptured angioplasty balloon which had become entrapped by a calcified left common iliac artery stenosis. The balloon catheter had been advanced crossover from the right and could not be retracted directly into a sheath across the aortic bifurcation. Therefore, a guidewire was inserted through the balloon catheter and captured by a loop snare advanced from the left femoral artery. The loop snare was also used to free the balloon wings from the stenosis. The balloon was then pulled into a 10 Fr sheath and removed as a unit with the sheath.
Epidemiology of neural tube defects and folic acid

This review article combines four disparate observations about Neural Tube Defects (NTDs). They are the worldwide decline in the birth incidence that began prior to prenatal diagnosis; family recurrence risks; the effect of prenatal diagnosis and termination of affected pregnancies; and the effect of folic acid.
Nitrogen removal in switchgrass biomass under two harvest systems

Abstract Information is lacking on the nitrogen content of switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) biomass from different genotypes and management systems. Nitrogen removed in the biomass would be important in determining fertilization practices and biological degradation. Six switchgrass entries were grown for biomass yield under two harvest systems, one-cut: cut once near the end of October, and two-cut: cut in early summer and near the end of October. Dry matter yield, N concentration, and N content of biomass were determined for five years. More N was usually removed in the two-cut system than in the one-cut system. Nitrogen removed in the biomass exceeded N applied under the two- cut system in all years except one year with a severe summer drought. In the one-cut system N removed was less than applied in all years except when no N was applied in the last year. Nitrogen concentration was higher in the summer harvest than the fall harvest of the two-cut system. Nitrogen concentration in the fall harvest was lower for the one-cut than the two-cut system. Differences in N removed between harvest systems reflected the low N concentration of the fall harvest of the one-cut system and the higher N concentration in the summer harvest of the two-cut system.
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE LANGUAGE LEARNER: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE LANGUAGE LEARNER: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION. Zoltan Dornyei. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2005. Pp. 270. 29.95 paper.This concise book on individual differences (IDs) in SLA presents research on topics such as language aptitude, motivation, cognitive styles, student self-regulation, and personality traits. Its in-depth treatment of the field will make it valuable to researchers in applied linguistics and second language (L2) studies. At the same time, its straightforward presentation and conversational tone should make it accessible to language teachers and students of L2 pedagogy interested in understanding more about what individual learners bring to the classroom.
Role of Neoadjuvant Therapy in Management of Pancreatic Cancer

Surgery remains the only curative treatment for pancreatic cancer; however, majority of patients present with advanced unresectable disease upon diagnosis. Treatment of nonmetastatic, locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) continues to require multidisciplinary bimodality or trimodality approach. Neoadjuvant therapies have been investigated for LAPC given its established role in other solid cancers such as breast cancer, gastric cancer, and rectal cancer. This strategy is now moving forward to management of potentially resectable disease as well. This meeting highlight focuses on recent updates on neoadjuvant therapy for both borderline resectable disease and potentially resectable disease, Abstracts #4120, #e15189, #e15226 and #TPS4158 will be discussed. Image: Yale Cancer Center. New Haven, CT, USA.
Thermal Expansion of Vitreous Silica

The thermal expansion of vitreous silica is negative at low temperatures. This negative expansion can be explained as being caused by the transverse vibrations of the oxygen atoms. The frequency of such vibrations, because of the structure of vitreous silica, decreases as the structure shrinks, and this decrease results in negative thermal expansion.
TcPCO2: An Early and Sensitive Indicator of the Infant's Response to Maternal Voice

Previous reports have indicated that newborns react to maternal voice by deceleration of heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR). We examined whether transcutaneously measured blood gases (TcPO2, TcPCO2) as well as HR would be altered by a recording of the mother's voice during the 1st and 2nd days after birth. Thirty healthy, appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns (17 males, 13 females) with normal Apgar scores and various ethnicities were monitored for TcPO2, TcPCO2, and HR in a quiet room (Prestim). The newborns were then exposed to a tape of their mother's voice (65-75 dB) for 5 min while monitoring continued (STIM). An additional 5 min of monitoring without stimulation followed (POSTSTIM). TcPCO2 was significantly elevated vs. Prestim both on day 1 (STIM 1.9 ± 0.6, Poststim 2.3 ± 1.2 mmHg) and on day 2 (STIM 1.4 ± 0.5, POSTSTIM 1.4 ± 1.2 mmHg). TcP02 was not altered during STIM or POSTSTIM on either day. HR showed a decline during STIM on the 2nd day only (-4.3 ± 2.8 beats/min); however, th...
High late Miocene–Pliocene elevation of the Zhada Basin, southwestern Tibetan Plateau, from carbonate clumped isotope thermometry

The timing and pattern of Tibetan Pla- teau rise provide a critical test of possible mechanisms for the development and sup- port of high topography, yet views range widely on the history of surface uplift to modern elevations of ~4.5 km. To address this issue we present clumped isotope ther- mometry data from two well-studied ba- sins in central and southwestern Tibet, for which previous carbonate δ 18 O data have been used to reconstruct high paleoeleva- tions from late Oligocene to Pliocene time. Clumped isotope thermometry uses mea- surements of the 13 C- 18 O bond ordering in carbonates to constrain the temperature (T(Δ47)) and δ 18 O value of the water from which the carbonate grew. These data can be used to infer paleoelevation by exploiting the systematic decrease of surface tempera- ture and the δ 18 O-based paleoaltimetry and with paleontological and isotopic data indicating the presence of cold- adapted mammals living in a cold, high-ele- vation climate. We suggest that late Neogene elevation loss across the Zhada Basin catch- ment probably related to local expression of east-west extension across much of the south- ern Tibetan Plateau at this time.
Brief and yet bountiful: the history of computing, why do students need it?

This paper argues that a separate history of computing course at the upper division of a liberal arts computer science program is necessary and helpful. The study of the history of computing will provide correct and insightful perspectives for students as to how technology and science have evolved into what they are today. It is also likely that students will be enthused and consequently make greater contributions to the discipline. Students will have the opportunity to learn not to make the same mistakes that their predecessors made, and avoid the detours that our predecessors took. This paper also provides a brief research summary on how the subject is being dealt with today.
Ponatinib: An oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome -- positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Ponatinib (Iclusig; Ariad Pharmaceuticals) is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that was approved by FDA on December 14, 2012, for the treatment of adult patients with chronic-phase, accelerated-phase, or blast-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) that is resistant or intolerant to previous TKI therapy, and for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL).
Identifying proteins controlling key disease signaling pathways

Motivation: Several types of studies, including genome-wide association studies and RNA interference screens, strive to link genes to diseases. Although these approaches have had some success, genetic variants are often only present in a small subset of the population, and screens are noisy with low overlap between experiments in different labs. Neither provides a mechanistic model explaining how identified genes impact the disease of interest or the dynamics of the pathways those genes regulate. Such mechanistic models could be used to accurately predict downstream effects of knocking down pathway members and allow comprehensive exploration of the effects of targeting pairs or higher-order combinations of genes. Results: We developed methods to model the activation of signaling and dynamic regulatory networks involved in disease progression. Our model, SDREM, integrates static and time series data to link proteins and the pathways they regulate in these networks. SDREM uses prior information about proteins’ likelihood of involvement in a disease (e.g. from screens) to improve the quality of the predicted signaling pathways. We used our algorithms to study the human immune response to H1N1 influenza infection. The resulting networks correctly identified many of the known pathways and transcriptional regulators of this disease. Furthermore, they accurately predict RNA interference effects and can be used to infer genetic interactions, greatly improving over other methods suggested for this task. Applying our method to the more pathogenic H5N1 influenza allowed us to identify several strain-specific targets of this infection. Availability: SDREM is available from http://sb.cs.cmu.edu/sdrem Contact: ude.umc.sc@jbviz Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Characterizing the Mechanism of Improved Adhesion of Modified Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) Surfaces

To have a better knowledge of the phenomena that affect the adhesion characteristics of wood plastic composites (WPCs) a series of surface treatments was performed. The treatments consisted of chemical, mechanical, energetic, physical, and a combination of energetic and physical WPC surface modifications. After each treatment, the composite boards were bonded using a commercial epoxy adhesive, and bond shear strength was determined according to ASTM D 905. All the surface treatments, except the mechanical one, were performed and presented in a previous paper (W. Gramlich et al., J. Adhesion Sci. Technol. 20, 1873–1887 (2006)). Mechanical treatment and surface characterization for all the treatments were performed in the present study. The surface characterization included application of thermodynamic and spectroscopic techniques. Most of the surface treatments improved the adhesive bondability of wood plastic composites and, particularly, the smoothest WPC surfaces increased the shear strength by 100% wit...
Low-Complexity Maximum Likelihood Detection of Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes

In this paper, we propose a low complexity Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoding algorithm for orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) based on the real-valued lattice representation and QR decomposition. We show that for a system with rate r = K/T, where K is the number of transmitted symbols per T time slots; the proposed algorithm decomposes the original complex-valued system into a parallel system represented by 2 K real-valued components, thus allowing for a simple and independent detection of the real and imaginary parts of each complex transmitted symbol. We further show that for a system employing the well-known Alamouti OSTBC and 16-QAM modulation scheme, the new approach achieves >82% reduction in the overall complexity compared to conventional ML detection. Moreover, we show that for square L-QAM constellations, the proposed algorithm reduces the decoding computational complexity from O(L) for conventional ML to O(radicL) without sacrificing the performance.
A supercritical Rankine cycle using zeotropic mixture working fluids for the conversion of low-grade heat into power

A supercritical Rankine cycle using zeotropic mixture working fluids for the conversion of low-grade heat into power is proposed and analyzed in this paper. Unlike a conventional organic Rankine cycle, a supercritical Rankine cycle does not go through the two-phase region during the heating process. By adopting zeotropic mixtures as the working fluids, the condensation process also happens non- isothermally. Both of these features create a potential for reducing the irreversibilities and improving the system efficiency. A comparative study between an organic Rankine cycle and the proposed supercritical Rankine cycle shows that the proposed cycle can achieve thermal efficiencies of 10.8e13.4% with the cycle high temperature of 393 Ke473 K as compared to 9.7e10.1% for the organic Rankine cycle, which is an improvement of 10e30% over the organic Rankine cycle. When including the heating and conden- sation processes in the system, the system exergy efficiency is 38.6% for the proposed supercritical Rankine cycle as compared to 24.1% for the organic Rankine cycle.
Structural basis of phosphodiesterase 6 inhibition by the C‐terminal region of the γ‐subunit

The inhibitory interaction of phosphodiesterase-6 (PDE6) with its gamma-subunit (Pgamma) is pivotal in vertebrate phototransduction. Here, crystal structures of a chimaeric PDE5/PDE6 catalytic domain (PDE5/6cd) complexed with sildenafil or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and the Pgamma-inhibitory peptide Pgamma(70-87) have been determined at 2.9 and 3.0 A, respectively. These structures show the determinants and the mechanism of the PDE6 inhibition by Pgamma and suggest the conformational change of Pgamma on transducin activation. Two variable H- and M-loops of PDE5/6cd form a distinct interface that contributes to the Pgamma-binding site. This allows the Pgamma C-terminus to fit into the opening of the catalytic pocket, blocking cGMP access to the active site. Our analysis suggests that disruption of the H-M loop interface and Pgamma-binding site is a molecular cause of retinal degeneration in atrd3 mice. Comparison of the two PDE5/6cd structures shows an overlap between the sildenafil and Pgamma(70-87)-binding sites, thereby providing critical insights into the side effects of PDE5 inhibitors on vision.
Preliminary Evaluations of a Self-Contained Anthropomorphic Transfemoral Prosthesis

This paper presents a self-contained powered knee and ankle prosthesis, intended to enhance the mobility of transfemoral amputees. A finite-state based impedance control approach, previously developed by the authors, is used for the control of the prosthesis during walking and standing. Experiments on an amputee subject for level treadmill and overground walking are described. Knee and ankle joint angle, torque, and power data taken during walking experiments at various speeds demonstrate the ability of the prosthesis to provide a functional gait that is representative of normal gait biomechanics. Measurements from the battery during level overground walking indicate that the self-contained device can provide more than 4500 strides, or 9 km, of walking at a speed of 5.1 km/h between battery charges.
Comparing morphologies of drainage basins on Mars and Earth using integral-geometry and neural maps

We compare morphologies of drainage basins on Mars and Earth in order to confine the formation process of Martian valley networks. Basins on both planets are computationally extracted from digital topography. Integral-geometry methods are used to represent each basin by a circularity function that encapsulates its internal structure. The shape of such a function is an indicator of the style of fluvial erosion. We use the self-organizing map technique to construct a similarity graph for all basins. The graph reveals systematic differences between morphologies of basins on the two planets. This dichotomy indicates that terrestrial and Martian surfaces were eroded differently. We argue that morphologies of Martian basins are incompatible with runoff from sustained, homogeneous rainfall. Fluvial environments compatible with observed morphologies are discussed. We also construct a similarity graph based on the comparison of basins hypsometric curves to demonstrate that hypsometry is incapable of discriminating between terrestrial and Martian basins. INDEX TERMS: 1824 Hydrology: Geomorphology (1625); 1886 Hydrology: Weathering (1625); 5415 Planetology: Solid Surface Planets: Erosion and weathering; 6225 Planetology: Solar System Objects Mars. Citation: Stepinski, T. F., and S. Coradetti (2004), Comparing morphologies of drainage basins on Mars and Earth using integral-ge
Commentary: Will the ‘Long Arm of the Family’ have legs?

tion of parental and grandparental childhood social disadvantage to circulatory disease diagnosis in young Swedish men. Soc Sci Med 2008;66:822–34. 49 Bjorklund A. A comparison between actual distributions of annual and lifetime income: Sweden 1951–89. Rev Inc Wealth 1993;39:377–86. 50 Coder J, Rainwater L, Smeeding T. Inequality among children and elderly in 10 modern nations – the United States in an international context. Am Econ Rev 1989; 79:329–24. 51 Fritzell J. Income inequality trends in the 1980s: a five country comparison. Acta Sociol 1993;36:47–62. 52 Jefferis B, Power C, Hertzman C. Birth weight, childhood socio-economic environment and cognitive development in the 1958 British birth cohort. Br Med J 2002; 325:305–8. 53 Noppa H, Bengtsson C. Obesity in relation to socioeconomic status. A population study of women in Goteborg, Sweden. J Epidemiol Community Health 1980; 34:139–42. 54 Fritzell J. Icke av Marknaden Allena, Income Distribution in Sweden. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1991. 55 Fritzell J, Lennartsson C. Financial transfers between generations in Sweden. Ageing Soc 2005;25:397–414. 56 Bjorklund A, Jantti M. Intergenerational income mobility and the role of family background. In: Salverda W, Nolan B, Smeeding T (eds). Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality. Oxford: University Press, 2008.
A wideband high dynamic range frequency hopping transceiver for the Joint Tactical Radio System

A wideband high dynamic range frequency hopping transceiver is presented for the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) project at the University of California, San Diego. The transceiver utilizes radio frequencies (RF) from 200 MHz to 3.2 GHz and provides a 78 dB maximum dynamic range. The rapid frequency hopping local oscillator (LO) is achieved by Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) and successive frequency multiplications.
Potential Role of Thyroid Hormones and Prolactin in the Programming of Photorefractoriness in Turkey Hens

Abstract The domestic turkey hen is a seasonal breeder, requiring a period of short days to establish photosensitivity and a long day length to initiate egg production. The reproductive season is then limited by the onset of photorefractoriness (PR), which causes a decline, and then termination, of egg laying. In passerine birds, PR is programmed early in the reproductive season by the presence of thyroid hormones and a long photoperiod. High circulating prolactin (PRL) is thought to hasten the onset of PR. In a prior study, we reported that hens destined to have PR exhibited lower levels of thyroxine (T4) and PRL at certain points (weeks) following photostimulation than did hens destined to remain photosensitive (PS), a result opposite to what might be expected. The present study was conducted to further explore the possible relationship between circulating hormone levels and subsequent PR in the commercial turkey hen at times (days) closer to photostimulation than our previous study. Plasma levels of triiodothyronine (T3), T4, and PRL were compared in 2 subpopulations of hens identified retrospectively after 50 wk of egg production: A group of 17 hens that exhibited PR (mean onset = 27 wk of photostimulation) and a group of “good” layers that remained PS (mean production = 210 eggs/50 wk). Results showed no differences between groups in plasma T3 or T4 levels or in the T3:T4 ratio at −6, 0, 1, 3, and 7 d from photostimulation. Plasma PRL levels were significantly higher at 8 and 9 wk after photostimulation in hens that remained PS vs. those that became PR. We conclude that thyroid hormone levels around the time of photostimulation either are not actively related to programming of subsequent PR in turkeys or programming for PR in the turkey hen occurs later in the reproductive cycle than in passerine birds. We further conclude that hens that exhibit PR tend to have lower circulating PRL levels early in the reproductive season than hens that remain PS and lay at a relatively high rate.
Shake-gels: shear-induced gelation of laponite-PEO mixtures

Suspensions of clay particles (laponite), mixed with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) undergo a dramatic shear thickening when subjected to vigorous shaking, which transforms them from a low viscosity fluid into a ‘shake-gel’, a solid with elasticity sufficient enough to support its own weight. The shake-gel is reversible, relaxing back to a fluid with a relaxation time that is strongly dependent on PEO concentration. Shake-gels are observed for PEO concentrations slightly below the threshold for complete saturation of the laponite particles by the polymer. Light scattering measurements confirm that the PEO is adsorbed on the surface of the laponite particles, and suggests that shear induces a bridging between the colloidal particles, resulting in a gel network which spans the system. Desorption of the polymer reduces the bridging and thus relaxes the network. # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Fueling Asian modernization

Abstract During upcoming industrialization, the human population of Asia will exert a strong influence on both the Pacific Rim environment and the total earth system. We review energy-use trajectories both likely and possible on the continent, taking the historical market penetration series as a framework. Today, the People's Republic of China is coal rich, but as its economy grows in the short term, fuel substitution from solid fossils will occur. Major automakers will exploit new niches in the Orient, adding petroleum to the mix of fuels and producing photochemical smog on the regional scale. Demand is rising in coastal cities for cleaner fuels such as natural gas, but they must be imported. Nuclear industries in India and China are small and expanding only slowly. The Tibetan plateau confers exceptional hydroelectric potential but peripheral concerns plague the big dams. Solar and hydrogen are decades from implementation even in Europe. Fossil resources are largely remote from the Asian consumer class. The disconnect feeds back into the design of new transportation networks. Since for the moment development lags, the option exists to view Asia as a crucible for the techniques of cogeneration, sequestration and pollutant recapture.
Horn clauses and database dependencies

Certain first-order sentences, called "dependencies," about relations in a database are defined and studied. These dependencies seem to include all prewously defined dependencies as special cases A new concept is mtroduced, called "faithfulness (with respect to direct product)," which enables powerful results to be proved about the existence of "Armstrong relations" in the presence of these new dependencies. (An Armstrong relaUon is a relation that obeys precisely those dependencies that are the logical consequences of a given set of dependencies.) Results are also obtained about characterizing the class of projections of those relations that obey a given set of dependencies.
Long-term follow-up and pregnancy after complete sacrectomy with lumbopelvic reconstruction: case report and literature review

Sacrectomy remains a technically complex procedure for resection of malignant pelvic neoplasia. Commonly, postoperative complications include permanent neurological deficits. Only a few studies have reported the long-term functional outcomes of patients who had undergone sacrectomy. We previously reported on the utilization of complete sacrectomy and lumbopelvic reconstruction for the management of primary myofibroblastic sarcoma of the sacrum and ilium in a 15-year-old female patient. In this report, we update her postoperative course with an additional 5 years of follow-up and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) outcomes. During this time period, she gave birth to two healthy full-term babies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of pregnancy after total sacrectomy and lumbopelvic reconstruction. We outline some of the challenges in the obstetrical management of this patient.
Spatially resolving CO and C3H6 oxidation reactions in a Pt/Al2O3 model oxidation catalyst

Abstract Spatially resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (Spaci-IR) was used to measure gas-phase concentration profiles during CO and C 3 H 6 oxidation reactions over a Pt/Al 2 O 3 monolith-supported catalyst. The reaction conditions were selected as representative of certain low temperature combustion (LTC) engine exhaust conditions, where in this study higher concentrations of CO and C 3 H 6 and lower concentrations of NO X were used relative to standard engine exhaust. CO and C 3 H 6 oxidation and NO X reduction reactions were examined individually and in combination via temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) experiments. Significant NO X reduction occurred right at CO and C 3 H 6 light off, and NO oxidation only occurred after the oxidation of CO and C 3 H 6 . C 3 H 6 oxidation was not observed until after most of the CO oxidized, as CO was more strongly adsorbed to the active site surface at low temperature. During the TPO of CO and C 3 H 6 , the conversion versus temperature profiles did not monotonically increase; two inflections were observed where the rate of conversion change as a function of temperature slowed over a small temperature range before again accelerating with temperature. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) was used in order to characterize intermediates that were present on the surface at the temperatures where these steps were noted. Surface ethylene and formate species were present during the first step, with acetate and formate in the second step. The inhibition steps were therefore attributed to the partial oxidation of propylene to ethylene, and then the subsequent partial oxidation of ethylene to acetate.
Sustainability Challenges in the Shrimp Industry (a)

This case is especially appropriate for courses with a focus on environmental sustainability and systems thinking. Systems thinking and game theory help students conceptualize and formulate policy recommendations in industries dependent on the conservation of natural resources. Students construct a stock-flow map that depicts the interactions between markets, pricing, production, policy, and environment impacts. Class discussion explores stakeholder perspectives and compares student maps to an actual map constructed by a consultant working in the shrimp industry. There is a B case [OM-1389] and a systems simulation model available for further exploration of the issues surrounding the design and testing of policy to improve industry performance.
Mind-body health in the school environment

An integrated mind-body approach to treating both mental and physical disorders is certainly not a novel concept, though it has recently been gaining momentum in the scientific literature across se...
B-Mode and Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Imaging of Prostate Zonal Anatomy: Comparison with 3T T2-Weighted MR Imaging

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy among men in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has gained recent popularity to characterize PCa. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging has the potential to aid PCa diagnosis and management by using tissue stiffness to evaluate prostate zonal anatomy and lesions. MR and B-mode/ARFI in vivo imaging datasets were compared with one another and with gross pathology measurements made immediately after radical prostatectomy. Images were manually segmented in 3D Slicer to delineate the central gland (CG) and prostate capsule, and 3D models were rendered to evaluate zonal anatomy dimensions and volumes. Both imaging modalities showed good correlation between estimated organ volume and gross pathologic weights. Ultrasound and MR total prostate volumes were well correlated (R(2) = 0.77), but B-mode images yielded prostate volumes that were larger (16.82% ± 22.45%) than MR images, due to overestimation of the lateral dimension (18.4% ± 13.9%), with less significant differences in the other dimensions (7.4% ± 17.6%, anterior-to-posterior, and -10.8% ± 13.9%, apex-to-base). ARFI and MR CG volumes were also well correlated (R(2) = 0.85). CG volume differences were attributed to ARFI underestimation of the apex-to-base axis (-28.8% ± 9.4%) and ARFI overestimation of the lateral dimension (21.5% ± 14.3%). B-mode/ARFI imaging yielded prostate volumes and dimensions that were well correlated with MR T2-weighted image (T2WI) estimates, with biases in the lateral dimension due to poor contrast caused by extraprostatic fat. B-mode combined with ARFI imaging is a promising low-cost, portable, real-time modality that can complement mpMRI for PCa diagnosis, treatment planning, and management.
The Indonesian Revolution in Retrospect

Among the increasing number of publications on the Indonesian Revolution the survey of J. W. Meyer Ranneft and the larger studies of H. J. van Mook occupy something of a unique position. It is rather seldom that high-ranking Dutch colonial civil servants are willing and able to put down their recollections and criticisms in fairly extensive form. If one browses through the volumes of such journals as Koloniale Studien, Koloniaal Tijdschrift, De Indische Gids, or Tijdschrift voor Ambtenaren bij het Binnenlandsch Bestuur, one is indeed struck by the number of authors who are members of various government services. But their work in this connection is primarily of a specific and localized nature; their articles may range from vaccination to irrigation problems in the Indies, but they rarely strike the broad, interpretive note that characterizes the studies now under discussion. This fact gives the present publications of Meyer Ranneft and van Mook a special cachet: both by what is said and what (admittedly purposely in the case of Meyer Ranneft) remains unsaid, their work not only illuminates many aspects of the Indonesian Revolution, but, more significantly, also the mentality of two of the highest ranking officials in the colonial civil service, who helped materially in shaping the course of events in Indonesia since the 1930's. It should also be noted that Meyer Ranneft and van Mook are representative of the chief two opposing factions and schools of thought in the Dutch administration, and their present publications are nothing short of a credo of each of these respective schools. This is particularly evident when their earlier work is examined; both men have a rather extensive bibliography, which throws added light on their present studies.
On a stability criterion in non-associated viscoplasticity

Previously, stability inequalities in viscoplasticity appear to have been applied primarily to cases in which the associated flow rule is satisfied. Here, a stability inequality is formulated for a simple example of a non-associated viscoplastic constitutive model. The inequality ensures that a certain Jacobian matrix is Hurwitz. The main mathematical difficulty in non-associated models is the presence of a nonsymmetric vector dyadic product in the Jacobian matrix. In the current paper, to overcome this difficulty, general upper and lower bounds on the real parts of the eigenvalues of such products are derived and applied to the Jacobian matrix of interest. A relatively “sharp” stability inequality is first obtained in a complicated form. At some loss in sharpness, it is simplified to furnish a second inequality purely involving the condition number of a “flow compliance” matrix. Applications are given which correspond to an isotropic associated flow model and to a transversely isotropic non-associated model.
CHEST PAIN: THE RIGHT DIAGNOSIS

The majority of primary cardiac tumors are atrial myxomas, and are primarily located in the left atrium. Right atrial myxomas are rarer, and patients can remain asymptomatic or present with nonspecific constitutional symptoms, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, Budd-Chiari syndrome and
Comparison of hypotensive action of sodium azide in normotensive and hypertensive patients.

Summary1. A comparison was made between the effects of sodium azide in both normotensive and hypertensive patients. Doses of 0.65-1.3 mg, administered orally, had a rapid hypotensive effect which persisted from 10-15 minutes. When given chronically to hypertensives (0.6-1.3 mg 3 to 4 times daily for periods up to 2 years), sodium azide produced a sustained lowering of the blood pressure toward normotensive levels. Repeated administration of the drug results in a greater hypotensive effect following equivalent doses and/or a progressively more sustained period of normotensive blood pressure levels. The observations indicate that a significant difference exists in the relative sensitivity of hypertensive and normotensive individuals to the hypotensive effects of sodium azide. 2. Intravenous injection of the drug to animals subjected to hemorrhage had no dilating effects on the constricted blood vessels in the exteriorized mesentery. Sodium azide (0.5 mg/100 g body wt) lowers the blood pressure of hypertensi...
Life Education: New Problem in College Education

With the coming of Internet Era, more and more suicides occur in college campus. It is difficult for traditional ideological and psychological education to keep this phenomenon within limit. Life education increasingly becomes a new question for college education. Through demonstrations on the necessity, aim and styles of life education, the author of this paper revealed his new thinking of life education.
PC150. Lower Extremity CT Angiography Can Predict Technical Success of Endovascular Revascularization in the Superficial Femoral and Popliteal Arteries

OBJECTIVES Pre-procedural CT angiography (CTA) assists in evaluating vascular morphology, disease distribution and treatment planning in patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). The aim of the study was to determine the predictive value of radiographic findings on CTA and technical success of endovascular revascularization of occlusions in the superficial femoral-popliteal (SFA-pop) region.
Missing the Mark: Prostate Cancer Upgrading by Systematic Biopsy over Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Transrectal Ultrasound Fusion Biopsy

Purpose: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and fusion biopsy detect more high risk prostate cancer and less low risk prostate cancer than systematic biopsy. However, there remains a small subset of patients in whom systematic biopsy captures higher grade disease than fusion biopsy. We sought to identify potential mechanisms of the failure of fusion biopsy in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer.Materials and Methods: We reviewed a prospectively maintained database of patients who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging followed by fusion biopsy and systematic biopsy from 2007 to 2014. In patients in whom disease was upgraded to clinically significant disease (Gleason 7 or greater) by systematic biopsy over fusion biopsy, independent re-review of magnetic resonance imaging, archived biopsy imaging and whole mount pathology as well as needle coordinate mapping were performed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to determine predictors of upgrading by s...
Collective memory and the historical past

The question of memory has, in recent decades, preoccupied historians as well as philosophers. Their work has raised important questions about the relation between historical truth and politically ...
Thinking again about marriage: key theological questions

The recent success of the civil marriage equality movement in parts of the United Kingdom1 energizes a renewed inquiry into the theology of marriage in Thinking Again about Marriage: Key Theologica...
The Politics of Prevention: Community Women as Leaders in the Developmental Tradition

We point to controversy surrounding the politics of prevention and examine factors that contribute to the resistance to acknowledge politics as prevention in the mental health arena. We argue that politics, and specifically what we call community leadership in the developmental tradition, is a critically important approach to prevention.