cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Emulating mean patterns and variability of temperature across and within scenarios in anthropogenic climate change experiments

There are many climate change scenarios that are of interest to explore by climate models, but computational power limits the total number of model runs. Pattern scaling is a useful approach to approximate mean changes in climate model projections, and we extend this methodology to build a climate model emulator that also accounts for variability of temperature projections at the seasonal scale. Using 30 runs from the NCAR/DOE CESM1 large initial condition ensemble for RCP8.5 from 2006 to 2080, we fit a pattern scaling model to grid-specific seasonal average temperature change. We then use this fitted model to emulate seasonal average temperature change for the RCP4.5 scenario based on its global average temperature trend. By using a linear mixed-effects model and carefully resampling the residuals from the RCP8.5 model, we emulate the variability of RCP4.5 and allow the variability to depend on global average temperature. Specifically, we emulate both the internal variability affecting the long-term trends across initial condition ensemble members, and the variability superimposed on the long-term trend within individual ensemble members. The 15 initial condition ensemble members available for RCP4.5 from the same climate model are then used to validate the emulator. We view this approach as a step forward in providing relevant climate information for avoided impacts studies, and more broadly for impact models, since we allow both forced changes and internal variability to play a role in determining future impact risks.
Combinatorial TGF-β signaling blockade and anti-CTLA-4 antibody immunotherapy in a murine BRAFV600E-PTEN-/- transgenic model of melanoma.

3011 Background: T cell-targeted checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy for melanoma and other solid tumor malignancies only benefits a subpopulation of patients. Our work has shown that melanoma-expressed factors including TGF-β can generate an immune privileged site by suppressing the function of critical dendritic cell populations within the local immune microenvironment. We hypothesized that inhibiting TGF-β signaling in the tumor microenvironment could augment the efficacy of anti-CTLA-4 antibody therapy in a murine transgenic model of melanoma. Methods: Upon primary melanoma development in Tyr::CreER;BrafCA/+;PTENlox/loxmice, the LY2157299 type I TGF-β receptor serine/threonine kinase inhibitor was administered daily by oral gavage accompanied by intra-peritoneal delivery of anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) every three days. Tumor development was monitored by caliper and photodocumentation/imaging analysis. After 14 days, tumor tissue, tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN) tissue, and lung tissue was re...
Bayesian Retrievals of Vertically Resolved Cloud Particle Size Distribution Properties

AbstractRetrievals of liquid cloud properties from remote sensing observations by necessity assume sufficient information is contained in the measurements, and in the prior knowledge of the cloudy state, to uniquely determine a solution. Bayesian algorithms produce a retrieval that consists of the joint probability distribution function (PDF) of cloud properties given the measurements and prior knowledge. The Bayesian posterior PDF provides the maximum likelihood estimate, the information content in specific measurements, the effect of observation and forward model uncertainties, and quantitative error estimates. It also provides a test of whether, and in which contexts, a set of observations is able to provide a unique solution. In this work, a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used to sample the joint posterior PDF for retrieved cloud properties in shallow liquid clouds over the remote Southern Ocean. Combined active and passive observations from spaceborne W-band cloud radar and vis...
The Directed Subgraph Homeomorphism Problem

The set of pattern graphs for which the directed subgraph homeomorphism problem is NP-complete is characterized. A polynomial time algorithm is given for the remaining cases. The restricted problem where the input graph is a directed acyclic graph is in polynomial time for all pattern graphs and an algorithm is given.
Laser powder bed fusion of nickel alloy 625: Experimental investigations of effects of process parameters on melt pool size and shape with spatter analysis

Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) as an metal additive manufacturing process that can produce fully dense 3D structures with complex geometry using difficult-to-process metal powders such as nickel-based alloy 625 which is one of the choice of metal materials for fabricating components in jet engines and gas turbines due to its high strength at elevated temperatures. L-PBF process parameters and scan strategy affect the resultant built quality and structural integrity. This study presents experimental investigations of the effects of process parameters and scan strategy on the relative density, melt pool size and shape. Fabricated test coupons were analyzed with two objectives in mind: i) to determine how close each coupon was to fully dense and ii) to determine melt pool dimensions (width and depth) and shape for each coupon. The identification and definition of a dynamic melt pool has been performed, a condition which indicates that melt pool geometry is constantly changing as the laser scans and moves along a single track. In order to gain in-depth understanding of the laser fusion processing of powder material, an in-situ thermal camera video recording is performed and analyzed for meltpool size, spattering particles, and heating and cooling rates during processing of powder material nickel alloy 625. The results reveal in-depth process information that can be used for further validation of modeling studies and adopted for the industrial practice.
Predictors of vaginal delivery in medically indicated early preterm induction of labor.

Background When delivery is indicated prior to 34 weeks, many providers perform a cesarean delivery rather than induce labor based on perceptions of a high failure rate. Given the morbidity of cesarean delivery, an accurate estimate of the success rate and factors associated with success in preterm induction of labor is important in management decisions. Objective We sought to develop a prediction model for successful induction of labor in preterm patients using factors known at the time the decision is made to deliver. Study Design A retrospective cohort study of all live singletons undergoing an indicated induction of labor between 23 and 34 0/7 weeks from 2011 through 2015. Pregnancies with major fetal anomalies or no intrapartum fetal monitoring were excluded. Successful induction of labor was defined as vaginal delivery. The cohort was randomly split into a training cohort to develop a prediction model for vaginal delivery and a validation cohort to test the model. Factors significantly associated with vaginal delivery were identified using univariate analyses, and candidate factors were used in the multivariate logistic regression model. Only factors known at the start of the induction of labor were used in the model. Receiver-operating characteristic curves were created to estimate the predictive value of the model. Sensitivity and specificity of the model were assessed. Results Of 331 patients who underwent induction of labor, 208 (62.8%) delivered vaginally and 123 (37.1%) by cesarean delivery. Of the factors significantly associated with cesarean delivery, the final model included gestational age, simplified Bishop score, suspected intrauterine growth retardation, chronic hypertension, and body mass index. In the training cohort, the model correctly classified 72.3% of subjects with a sensitivity (cesarean delivery predicted/cesarean delivery performed) of 56.7% and a specificity (vaginal delivery predicted/vaginal delivery performed) of 84.1%. When applied to the validation cohort, 73.9% of subjects were correctly classified, with a sensitivity of 44.6% and specificity of 89.0%. Receiver-operating characteristic curves had an area under the curve of 0.75 for the training cohort and 0.77 for the validation cohort. Conclusion More than 60% of women undergoing induction of labor at
“Civics”: Patrick Geddes’s theory of city development

Abstract In this paper, we explore Patrick Geddes concept of civics. Drawing primarily upon his early 20th century essays, Civics as concrete sociology Parts I and II supplemented by additional primary works by Geddes and his co-authors as well as secondary literature, we propose Geddes used elements of these and other writings to frame out a theory of city development. The theory explored the transitional dynamics and institutions fundamental to urban transformation. We conclude by offering Geddes’s theory of city development as an incremental but deeply transformative alternative to mainstream modernist planning.
Correspondence: Response of a gravimeter to an instantaneous step in gravity

Montagner et al. presented evidence that a signal observed prior to P-waves on gravimeters operating in Japan during the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake was caused by gravitational field changes propagating at light speed. In this comment, I explore the expected response of gravimeters attached to the Earth’s surface and subjected to an instantaneous acceleration step, g(t)=g_0+ΔgH(t), where H(t) is a Heaviside step function. I argue that at the time of the step, inertial accelerations from the elastic response of the Earth exactly cancel the gravitational step; in order to observe the gravity step using a gravimeter, one must wait until the Earth deforms and begins to re-equilibrate. This conclusion is an application of the principle of equivalence between gravitational and inertial mass. In the case of the signal reported for Tohoku-Oki, I estimate that inclusion of the Earth’s elastic response should significantly decrease the expected acceleration at the time of the P-wave.
Small Airway Disease Syndromes. Piercing the Quiet Zone

The role for direct assessment of small airway function in subjects with respiratory symptoms but normal airflow by spirometry is discussed. Small airway disease syndrome is described in numerous disease states using a multidisciplinary approach. Data demonstrate that small airway disease is related to presence of respiratory symptoms, exposure to inhaled toxins, presence of local and systemic inflammation, and presence of histologic abnormalities within the distal lung. Investigation of immunological derangements associated with distal airway dysfunction in the setting of normal spirometry may provide insight into pathophysiological mechanisms that are present at disease onset. For the purposes of this symposium, data were reviewed in selected clinical conditions (obesity, environmental inhalational injury, and cigarette smoking) that have been recently studied in the Andre Cournand Pulmonary Physiology Laboratory at Bellevue Hospital using the forced oscillation technique.
Photolithography-free PDMS stamps for paper microdevice fabrication

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the applicability of 3D-printed molds to be used as a substitute for photolithography in the formation of polymer-based stamps. It proposes leveraging 3D printing as a rapid prototyping tool to be applied to microfluidic fabrication. Design/methodology/approach Different designs are created using computer-aided design (CAD) software and printed via Makerbot 3D printer. The molds serve as negative reliefs for a PDMS stamp. The stamp is used to apply paraffin wax to chromatography paper, creating hydrophobic barriers and hydrophilic channels. The minimum functional channel widths and barrier widths are determined for the method. Findings The method is demonstrated to be effective for bypassing the more cost-prohibitive photolithography approach for rapid paper microdevice fabrication. This approach produces functional channels that can be used for on-chip analytical assays. The minimum functional barrier widths and minimum functional channel widths are in good agreement with other published methods for paper-based microchannel fabrication. Research limitations/implications The approach cannot generate the high-resolution structures possible with photolithography. Therefore, if higher resolutions are needed for a particular application, this approach is not the best. Practical implications The simplicity of the approach introduces an affordable method to create disposable devices that can be used at the point of testing. Originality/value The paper satisfies a need for inexpensive, rapid prototyping of paper-based devices. The method is simple and can be used as a tool for introducing labs to microfluidics research.
Increase in Output Power of 8 μm Quantum Cascade Spiral Cavity Superluminescent Devices by Active Region Doping

We report on 8 μm quantum cascade superluminescent emitters. Doping in the active region contributed to higher SL power of 7.5 mW; we obtained a coherence length of ∼346 μm at maximum SL power.
Structure of Telomerase with Telomeric DNA

Telomerase is an RNA-protein complex (RNP) that extends telomeric DNA at the 3' ends of chromosomes using its telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and integral template-containing telomerase RNA (TER). Its activity is a critical determinant of human health, affecting aging, cancer, and stem cell renewal. Lack of atomic models of telomerase, particularly one with DNA bound, has limited our mechanistic understanding of telomeric DNA repeat synthesis. We report the 4.8 A resolution cryoelectron microscopy structure of active Tetrahymena telomerase bound to telomeric DNA. The catalytic core is an intricately interlocked structure of TERT and TER, including a previously structurally uncharacterized TERT domain that interacts with the TEN domain to physically enclose TER and regulate activity. This complete structure of a telomerase catalytic core and its interactions with telomeric DNA from the template to telomere-interacting p50-TEB complex provides unanticipated insights into telomerase assembly and catalytic cycle and a new paradigm for a reverse transcriptase RNP.
Monitoring Daily Activities and Linking Physical Activity Levels Attributed to Transportation Mobility Choices

Background Transportation decisions impact human health at least in three ways, such as traffic crashes, environmental impact, and physical fitness. While there have been ample efforts in reducing traffic crashes and environmental impacts, less attention has been paid to their impacts on physical fitness. Recent efforts on the relationship between transportation and physical fitness were mostly from the context of active transportation. Potential benefits of active transportation include saving in mobility costs, benefits from related businesses, community savings in costs associated with health and environmental benefits. Although it is difficult to predict how a particular transportation planning decision affects physical fitness, total impacts are likely to be large. Diseases associated with inadequate physical fitness cause an order of magnitude of more deaths, and more than road crashes. Even modest reductions in these illnesses could provide significant health benefits. Therefore, there is a strong need for investigating how transportation options affect the physical activities and public health. Methods The research team developed a mobile application that collects individuals’ daily travel activities physical fitness activities. While the travel activity data are collected from the GPS information from individuals’ mobile phone, the fitness activity data are collected from Fitbit. Data collected from 200 subjects chosen in Michigan and Texas are transmitted to a server for further analysis. The data allows comparison of physical activity associated with transportation choices in different geographical areas and its seasonal variations. Results The data logged each minute were processed to determine daily activity (type, location, and duration), travel activity (transportation mode, travel time), and physical activity (heart rates and duration). The heart rates collected from Fitbit were useful in determining activity types and the transportation mode. The integrated approach allowed classification of various activity types and transportation modes. The amount of physical activity by activity type and travel mode was quantified by using the heart rate and the activity duration. The initial survey showed that those who were active in physical activity tend to choose active transportation options. Conclusion This study developed a mobile system that is able to collect daily activity, transportation choices, and the amount of physical activity. The data collected were analyzed to quantify the amount of physical activity by different transportation choice. This research is expected to help incorporate public health in evaluating transportation policies and alternatives by providing a method quantifying the amount of physical activities and associated health benefits.
A new approach to the preparation of biological reference materials for trace metals

Preparation and certification of a new, nondefatted biological reference material (RM) for trace metals is reported. LUTS-1 is a homogeneous slurry of lobster hepatopancreas containing 85% (w/w) moisture and 8.2% (w/w) lipids (55% dry weight basis). This RM should prove of considerable use in validating analytical procedures involving faunal field samples containing significant lipid content.
Specific Psychopharmacological Approaches and Rationale for Mentally Ill-Mentally Retarded Children

More than 20 years after their introduction, the use of psychotropic medications for psychotic children, particularly retarded children, remains somewhat controversial. Several factors appear to contribute to this controversy. These include a tendency toward unpredictability in response that is an especial problem in children with organic dysfunction; examples of abuses of these medications, particularly through excessive use; and the inherent, but often poorly understood, limitations of any pharmacological intervention.
Equilibrium cycle calculations for transuranics recycling in pressurized water reactors

Assembly-level collision probability calculations are performed with the CASMO code to study the feasibility and efficiency of recycling transuranics (TRUs) in pressurized water reactors (PWRs). A zero-dimensional equilibrium cycle approach is combined with an extrapolation algorithm to estimate equilibrium cycle configurations in a three-zone PWR core. A whole-core implementation of mixed-oxide assemblies containing TRUs may require an unusually large loading of TRUs, but a (2 [times] 2) colorset arrangement of TRU and uranium assemblies, with a sufficient [sup 235]U enrichment, may yield a reasonable PWR configuration. Colorset arrangements will not result in net depletion of TRUs but will slow down the accumulation of TRUs in a continuing PWR economy.
DYT11, DYT15, Myoclonus-dystonia

Myoclonus-dystonia (M-D) is a rare hereditary dystonia-plus disorder characterized by early-onset myoclonus and dystonia, alcohol responsiveness and an association with psychiatric disorders. Mutations in the epsilon-sarcoglycan gene (SGCE) at locus 7q21 and most recently described locus 18p11 have been associated with this condition. While there is phenotypic variability, with some individuals exhibiting only mild disease and others more severe, the relation of the clinical features to specific SGCE mutations is unknown. Usual treatment includes benzodiazepines and certain anticonvulsants for myoclonus and anticholinergic medications, benzodiazepines, and when applicable, botulinum toxin injections for dystonia. Deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus and the globus pallidus pars interna has been reported to help both dystonia and myoclonus in a few published cases.
Virtual Bidding and Financial Transmission Rights: An Equilibrium Model for Cross-Product Manipulation in Electricity Markets

Virtual transactions are financial positions that allow market participants to exploit arbitrage opportunities arising when day-ahead electricity prices are predictably higher or lower than expected real-time prices. Unprofitable virtual transactions may be used to move day-ahead prices in a direction that enhances the value of related positions, like financial transmission rights (FTRs). This constitutes cross-product manipulation, and has emerged as a policy concern of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission in recent years. Absent control over real-time prices, what economic conditions enable a financial market participant to manipulate day-ahead electricity prices? We develop a three-stage equilibrium model to study cross-product manipulation in FTR and two-settlement energy markets, and evaluate its effects on price convergence and other market outcomes using numerical simulations. Our model accounts for demand uncertainty, the likelihood of congestion in both day-ahead and real-time, and transmission capacity constraints at all stages in the game. Numerical results in a two-node setting show that day-ahead price manipulation through virtual transactions to profit from FTR positions is sustained only when generators and traders compete in a Cournot game in the day-ahead market. In contrast, this type of manipulation fails when the FTR holder is the only market participant acting strategically, and generation capacity and credit requirement constraints for other parties are not binding. In the Appendix, we derive conditions for the existence of the day-ahead equilibria and the single-leader multi-follower equilibrium of the three-stage game.
Mindful new service conception in not-for-profit organisations: a study of sustainable innovation with scarce resources

Service innovation entails developing new services, but new service development can be difficult even with slack resources. While no consensus has been reached on the determinants of new service development (NSD) performance, some research has pointed to the importance of new service conception (NSC) practices. Research into NSC is still immature, though, and what we know about it is grounded in traditional expectations of slack resources. To better understand how new services are conceived under conditions of resource scarcity, we draw from an embedded, interpretive case study of an innovative organisation that managed ongoing new service conceptions for more than ten years under conditions of continually reduced resources. Findings show that this organisation was able to conceive many successful new services by: 1) mindfully identifying new, germane customer needs while engaging with new information sources; 2) keeping in mind unresolved customer needs while trying to identify matching potential solutions, especially external resources. This paper contributes to the NSD literature by advancing a model based on these findings.
A Novel Approach to the Approximation of Conformal Mappings and Emerging Applications to Shape Recognition of Planar-Domain

There have been significant advances in computer graphics and computer vision for description and recognition of rigid shapes and objects. However, the problem of description and recognition of non-rigid shapes and objects is still an open problem. In an earlier study \cite{IEEEhowto:MuNeArBh}, we proposed a geodesic field space-based approach to describe and analyze non-rigid shapes from a point correspondence perspective. In this current study, we describe a canonical set of shapes, very much like a dictionary with mathematical structures that are inherently relevant to the shape classification task. We propose a novel method of representing 2D shapes where every planar shape will be assigned a unique fingerprint, which is a conformal map of the shape to a canonical shape in the plan. We believe that the study presented in this paper can be extended to describe and recognize both, rigid and non-rigid shapes and objects. The main focus of this paper is to provide an insight into the mathematical and geometrical fundamentals. We will restrict our attention to the case of doubly-connected planar domains.
The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications

Globalization is a topic of much interest for the readers of this journal. In reality it is also a very complex multidisciplinary topic that, perhaps unrealistically, cries out for simplification. ...
The Relationship Evaluation Process scale: A multidimensional measure of how people assess the quality of their romantic relationships:

Improving on previous measures, we developed a multidimensional measure of relationship evaluation processes (REPs). In Study 1 (N = 523), we used exploratory factor analysis to identify the follow...
GENE EXPRESSION SIGNATURES FROM PERIPHERAL BLOOD DISCRIMINATE THE MAJOR PSYCHOSES

Background Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a complex and highly heritable psychiatric disorder with a world-wide prevalence near 1%. There is converging evidence from genetic, molecular, and clinical studies of BD that implicate numerous neurotransmitter and immune signaling abnormalities. These abnormalities have been described previously in Schizophrenia (SZ), which has close genetic and molecular ties to BD. Methods The purpose of this investigation was to uncover generalizable biomarkers for BD using a cross-study analysis of six microarray data sets comprising peripheral blood transcriptomes for patients with a DSM-diagnosis of BD (n=77) and unaffected comparison subjects (n=81); furthermore, we sought to compare transcriptomic signatures between BD and SZ (obtained from a prior study). We performed a combined-subject differential expression mega-analysis with regression models applied per gene, each adjusted for clinical factors and study heterogeneity. In addition, we surveyed gene sets and gene networks for consistent differential expression in BD. Results Three genes were associated with BD at a level of significance that withstood rigorous statistical correction for multiple testing. In addition, differential expression of gene sets in BD was found; functions of these gene sets included innate immunity, energy production in mitochondrial complexes, and metabolism of RNA and proteins, among other biological pathways previously related to BD or psychosis. Lastly, we deployed a machine-learning pipeline, which discriminated BD patients from unaffected comparison subjects and SZ patients with high accuracy based on 77 genes (mean AUCROC=0.849, 95% CI=0.837 – 0.859). Discussion Our study provides strong evidence in support of candidate biomarkers for BD and introduces potentially generalizable blood-based classifiers for BD. Our findings have relevance for cross-disorder genomic analyses. This work warrants expansion to identifying gene signatures that discriminate other adult and childhood neuropsychiatric disorders.
A second generation IL-2 receptor-targeted diphtheria fusion toxin exhibits anti-tumor activity and synergy with anti-PD-1 in melanoma

Denileukin diftitox (DAB1-389-IL-2, Ontak) is a diphtheria toxin-based fusion protein that depletes CD25-positive cells including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and was approved for the treatment of persistent or recurrent cutaneous T cell lymphoma. However, the clinical use of denileukin diftitox was limited by vascular leak toxicity and production issues related to drug aggregation and purity. We found that a single amino acid substitution (V6A) in a motif associated with vascular leak induction yields a fully active, second generation biologic, s-DAB1-386-IL-2(V6A), which elicits 50-fold less HUVEC monolayer permeation and is 3.7-fold less lethal to mice by LD50 analysis than s-DAB1-386-IL-2. Additionally, to overcome aggregation problems, we developed a novel production method for the fusion toxin using Corynebacterium diphtheriae that secretes fully-folded, biologically active, monomeric s-DAB1-386-IL-2 into the culture medium. Using the poorly immunogenic mouse B16F10 melanoma model, we initiated treatment 7 days after tumor challenge and observed that, while both s-DAB1-386-IL-2(V6A) and s-DAB1-386-IL-2 are inhibitors of tumor growth, the capacity to treat with higher doses of s-DAB1-386-IL-2(V6A) could provide a superior activity window. In a sequential dual therapy study in tumors that have progressed for 10 days both s-DAB1-386-IL-2(V6A) and s-DAB1-386-IL-2 given prior to checkpoint inhibition with anti-PD-1 antibodies inhibited tumor growth, while either drug given as monotherapy had less effect. s-DAB1-386-IL-2(V6A), a fully monomeric protein with reduced vascular leak, is a second-generation diphtheria toxin-based fusion protein with promise as a cancer immunotherapeutic both alone and in conjunction with PD-1 blockade.
An In Vivo Functional Screen Identifies miRNA-150 As a Regulator of Hematopoietic Regeneration Post Chemotherapeutic Injury

Abstract Abstract 2333 . MicroRNAs are important regulators of many hematopoietic processes, yet little is known with regard to the role of microRNAs in controlling normal hematopoietic regeneration. The most common methodology for in vivo microRNA studies follows a hypothesis-driven candidate approach. Here, we report the establishment of an unbiased, in vivo, microRNA gain-of-function screen, and the identification of miR-150 as a negative regulator of hematopoietic recovery post chemotherapeutic challenge. Specifically, a retroviral-library consisting of 135 hematopoietic-expressed microRNAs was generated, with each expression construct containing a barcode sequence that can be specifically recognized using a novel bead-based platform. Hematopoietic-stem-and-progenitor-cell (HSPC)-enriched wild-type bone marrow was transduced with this library and transplanted into lethally-irradiated recipients. Analysis of peripheral blood samples from each recipient up to 11 weeks post transplantation revealed that 87% of the library barcodes are reliably detected. To identify microRNAs that regulate hematopoietic regeneration after chemotherapy-induced injury, we measured the change in barcode abundance for specific microRNA constructs after 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) challenge. Notably, a small number of barcodes were consistently depleted in multiple recipient mice after treatment. Among the top hits was the miR-150-associated barcode, which was selected for further experimentation. Indeed, overexpression of miR-150 in a competitive environment resulted in significantly lower recovery rates for peripheral myeloid and platelet populations after 5-FU treatment, whereas the effects on B- and T-cells were milder. Furthermore, full recovery of these cell populations did not occur until ∼12 weeks after treatment, suggesting the involvement of HSPCs and/or common lineage progenitors. Conversely, knocking out miR-150 led to an opposite phenotype, with platelets and myeloid cells displaying faster recovery in both competitive and non-competitive settings. Interestingly, we could not observe the described effects of miR-150 in bone marrow primary cell cultures, suggesting that such effects cannot be recapitulated in vitro. Overall, these data indicate that miR-150 is a novel regulator of hematopoietic recovery after chemotherapeutic-induced injury, and highlight the important role of microRNAs in the intrinsic wiring of the hematopoietic regeneration program. Our experiments also demonstrate the feasibility and power of functional in vivo screens for studying normal hematopoietic functions, which can become an important tool in the hematology field. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Resolved particle simulations using the Physalis method on many GPUs

Abstract We present a distributed memory many-GPU implementation of the Physalis method for resolving spherical particles in disperse multiphase flow simulations. The current work extends a previous single-GPU computational procedure by implementing a distributed memory Poisson solver and distributed finite-size particle methods using MPI. We document the changes required to move to a distributed memory model for both the fluid and solid phases. We benchmark the code with up to one million resolved particles in a domain size of 192 0 3 on 216 GPUs at the Maryland Advanced Research Computing Center and present strong and weak scaling results. Finally, by taking advantage of the realization that the solution procedure for the pressure Poisson equation can be implemented using a symmetric matrix, we are able to replace the biconjugate gradient stabilized algorithm used in previous work with the conjugate gradient algorithm.
Minding the nouns and verbs: definitions that respect knowledge development

The definition of function varies from textbook to textbook at the introductory level. Though the definitions are often mathematically equivalent, there are linguistic features that may make some definitions more accessible to beginning learners. In particular, students who see functions as actions or processes rather than objects may be better served by definitions which facilitate the use of meaningful verbs. This study examines the impact of definition choice on the mathematics work of graduate students, all of whom were mathematics majors and pre- or in-service mathematics teachers. Their work with three definitions of function is interpreted within the commognitive framework and frames a discussion of features of mathematical definitions that may help learners.
Data and Business Intelligence Systems for Competitive Advantage: prospects, challenges, and real-world applications

This paper is intended as a short introduction to Business Intelligence and Analytics systems. The main aim of the paper is to raise awareness of organizations in the developing world, about the benefits of these technologies and the crucial role they play in the survival and competitiveness of the firm in the complex and turbulent global market. For many years, many small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) have not followed large organizations in the implementation of Business Intelligence technologies. The main reason stated by SMBs is the complexity and high cost of deploying and managing BI systems. However, according to recent IT industry survey of SMBs executives, they now realize the crucial role BI systems play in the company’s performance, and competitiveness and they are now increasingly investing in and implementing Business Intelligence technologies.
Reducing and managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations with tiotropium + olodaterol

The aim of this study was to review clinical evidence supporting the use of fixed-dose combination of tiotropium and olodaterol, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting β2-agon...
Reduced-Fringing-Field Multi-MHz Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer System Utilizing a Metasurface-based Coupler

This paper introduces a multi-MHz large air-gap capacitive wireless power transfer (WPT) system that achieves substantial fringing field reduction by utilizing metasurface-based coupling plates (referred to as ‘metacoupler’). The metasurface in the proposed coupler has an impedance property that restricts the electric field lines from emanating outwards from the coupler, leading to a more focused near-field energy transfer compared to a system with a conventional capacitive coupler. Physical implementations of the metacoupler in a capacitive WPT system using different types of metasurfaces are investigated. A design methodology for the metacoupler is presented that enables substantial fringing field reduction while maintaining high efficiency. Two 13.56-MHz 12-cm air-gap capacitive WPT prototypes, one with the conventional coupler and another with the proposed metacoupler, are designed, built, and tested. The prototype system with the proposed metacoupler is shown to achieve 40% reduction in fringing electric field levels compared to its conventional counterpart.
Visualization of Wound Healing Progression With Near Infrared Spectroscopy: A Retrospective Study.

Objective The aim of this retrospective study is to determine if near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can be used to evaluate wounds and adjacent soft tissues to identify patterns involved in tissue oxygenation and wound healing as well as predict which wounds may or may not heal. Materials and methods In this study, 25 patients with either diabetic foot ulcers or venous leg ulcers were examined retrospectively to determine if NIRS could be used to predict which wounds may or may not close. All patients had either diabetic or venous ulcers and were being actively treated in the clinic. Regardless of the treatment rendered, all wounds were tracked with NIRS at regular intervals. Retrospectively, the de-identified images were reviewed to determine any patterns that might exist. Wound bed and periwound oxygenation patterns were observed and classified, including correlation with both the clinical appearance and the NIRS images. Images of wounds that closed and those that did not were compared. Results Four distinct patterns of tissue oxygenation that appeared to have some value for predicting which wounds would heal, and which would not, were identified among the 25 patients. A mechanism has also been proposed to try to explain the patterns of healing observed; Hyperperfusion, Imbibition, Neovascularization, and Trailing (HINT) describes various aspects of these patterns. Conclusions As with any imaging technology, both qualitative and quantitative data are used to determine what is happening clinically. This study represents an early attempt to understand the role of NIRS and percent oxygenated hemoglobin in the wound healing process. It also lays the groundwork for identifying patterns associated with wound closure.
A Synthesis of Pedagogical Factors for the Future of Fashion Design Curricula

As educators we are consistently evolving new curricula for the next generation. Given the unique qualities of Generation Z and the global pandemic, we must carefully continue to consider how to revamp curricula, and what our role in design education needs to be into the future. This paper provides an overarching synthesis of findings from our pedagogical research efforts towards the collective conversation on the future of fashion design higher education.
Community forest enterprises as entrepreneurial Firms: Economic and institutional perspectives from Mexico

Summary Few examples exist in the common property literature of community-managed forestry enterprises (CFEs) operating in competitive markets. Yet, in Mexico, there are hundreds of such examples at varying levels of vertical integration. At a time when devolution of rights to forests is expanding worldwide, collective management of timber operations presents an emerging community forestry policy option. CFEs have unusual institutional features that force a reconsideration of theories of the firm, unique management tensions, varieties of possible institutional arrangements governing stocks, and flows of the natural resource, and may have special importance in delivering both economic equity and environmental protection.
Transport coefficients for magnetic-field evolution in inviscid magnetohydrodynamics

The magnetized resistivity and electrothermal tensors when substituted into the induction equation lead to electrothermal magnetic field generation, resistive magnetic diffusion, and magnetic field advection due to resistivity gradients, temperature gradients, and currents. The advection terms driven by the temperature gradient and current have cross field components (perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the driving term) that depend on significantly modified versions of Braginskii's transport coefficients [S. I. Braginskii, in Reviews of Plasma Physics, edited by M. A. Leontovich (Consultants Bureau, New York, 1965), Vol. 1, p. 205]. The improved fits to Braginskii's coefficients given by Epperlein and Haines [Phys. Fluids 29, 1029 (1986)] and Ji and Held [Phys. Plasmas 13, 042114 (2013)] give physically incorrect results for cross field advection at small Hall parameters (product of cyclotron frequency and collision time). The errors in Epperlein and Haines' fits are particularly severe, giving increasing advection velocities below a Hall parameter of one when they should decrease linearly to zero. Epperlein and Haines' fits can also give erroneous advection terms due to variations in the effective atomic number. The only serious error in Braginskii's fits is an overestimate in advection due to perpendicular resistivity. New fits for the cross field advection terms are obtained from a direct numerical solution of the Fokker–Planck equation and Ji and Held's higher order expansion approach that are continuous functions of the effective atomic number.
Interconnection of Three Single-Phase Feeders in North America Distribution Systems

This paper proposes a solution for maintaining power balance within all three phases at residential level during islanded mode of operation. Grid abnormalities can lead to isolating the residential microgrid from the main grid, and as a result, distributed generation (DG) units take the full responsibility of supplying local loads. However, in such condition, some phases might face the challenge of meeting local load demand due to the lack of enough power generation, resulting in voltage drop and frequency variation across household loads. In order to resolve this issue, the proposed method in this paper seamlessly interconnects all three single-phase feeders during islanded mode and forms a unified single-phase residential microgrid. Consequently, the load demands in all three phases are met, leading to enhanced voltage and frequency profiles. For this purpose, a seamless transition algorithm is defined which monitors the system condition in real time, and coordinates the operation of all inverter-based DG units in residential microgrid accordingly during transitions. Case study results are provided to verify the validity of proposed method.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury Across the Continuum of Care: a Narrative Review and Directions for Future Research.

There is a growing body of evidence on racial and ethnic disparities within traumatic brain injury (TBI) care. The aim of this paper was to conduct a narrative review of the literature, demonstrating how racial and ethnic disparities manifest across the full spectrum of the TBI experience in civilian populations: injury, acute care and diagnosis, post-TBI recovery and adjustment, and long-term outcomes. We searched five electronic databases (Scopus, APA PsychNet, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Google Scholar) using the search terms traumatic brain injury, head trauma, concussion, health disparities, ethnic minority, racial minority, race ethnicity, racial ethnic, prevalence, incidence, diagnosis, rehabilitation, recovery, and outcomes. Boolean search modifiers AND, NOT, and OR were used to produce relevant results. Additional resources were included by the authors, as deemed relevant to the investigation. Our narrative review of 39 articles elucidated numerous ways in which racial and ethnic disparities span the TBI continuum of care, including acute care and diagnosis, post-TBI recovery and adjustment, and long-term outcomes. Understanding racial and ethnic disparities is a first step in ensuring equitable care for all individuals with TBI, including raising awareness among clinicians and guiding the development of tailored interventions for racial and ethnic minority populations.
Recent advances in tools to map the microbiome

Abstract Microbes thrive in diverse habitats. They often form ecological niches with rich species diversity and complex spatial structure. These communities drive biogeochemical cycles in the environment and modulate host health in the human body. Much has been learned about the makeup of human and environmental microbiota via metagenomic DNA sequencing, but information on spatial interactions between microbes and their environment remains scarce. Here, we review recent advances in tools to map the biogeography of microbiomes. We discuss methods to spatially map microbial genes, transcripts, and metabolites. We also examine future directions for microbiome mapping technologies that will allow an improved understanding of both microbiome structure and function. Finally, we reflect on the impact of these methods in biomedical engineering.
The Samaritan Woman, Jesus and God the Father! A Close Reading of John 4:21–24 with an Emphasis on the Concept of God

This article is a narrative reading of “Jesus and the Woman of Samaria” in John 4. It also investigates the metaphor “God the father”. “Father” or πατeρ is a more prominent metaphor for God in John than in any other of the New Testament’s writings and it occurs three times in John 4:21–24. The Samaritan woman challenges Jesus with the controversial question of where to worship. This issue was a standing conflict between “the Jews” and “the Samaritans”. In this conflict, Jesus sides with “the Jews” before he brings the discussion further from where to worship till the question of how to worship. Today another controversial question can be raised when reading John 4:21–24 (or the gospel of John and the Bible in general), namely, whether to worship God as “the father”. “God the father” is a metaphor explicitly marked for male gender because male gender is part of the metaphor’s source domain. Because of the associations to male gender “God the father” has been frequently questioned in feminist research. In this article it will be argued that to be able to maintain the understanding that “God the father” does not literally mean that God is a father, we need to speak of God in a multitude of metaphors and images.
The Accidental Vegetarian: Object-Oriented Ontology at the Intersection of Alpha-Gal Mammalian Meat Allergy

The decision to become vegan/vegetarian involves considerations including identity, ethics, morality, and health at the junction of nourishment. Historically, the significance of dietary choice invokes passion rooted in the social, cultural, or ideological and is highly personal. This chapter uses Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) to explore a different motivation for vegetarianism: alpha-gal, a “novel and severe” food allergy linked to the consumption of mammalian meat caused by the bite of a diseased lone-star tick. Discovered in 2009, this life-threatening condition is difficult to diagnose in part because of this delayed response; abstinence of the offending substance is the only known treatment. As an example of embodied rhetoric, vegetarianism represents a performative resistance to a strange medical condition that is increasing with global warming.
Multi-Label Generalized Zero Shot Learning for the Classification of Disease in Chest Radiographs

Despite the success of deep neural networks in chest X-ray (CXR) diagnosis, supervised learning only allows the prediction of disease classes that were seen during training. At inference, these networks cannot predict an unseen disease class. Incorporating a new class requires the collection of labeled data, which is not a trivial task, especially for less frequently-occurring diseases. As a result, it becomes inconceivable to build a model that can diagnose all possible disease classes. Here, we propose a multi-label generalized zero shot learning (CXR-ML-GZSL) network that can simultaneously predict multiple seen and unseen diseases in CXR images. Given an input image, CXR-ML-GZSL learns a visual representation guided by the input's corresponding semantics extracted from a rich medical text corpus. Towards this ambitious goal, we propose to map both visual and semantic modalities to a latent feature space using a novel learning objective. The objective ensures that (i) the most relevant labels for the query image are ranked higher than irrelevant labels, (ii) the network learns a visual representation that is aligned with its semantics in the latent feature space, and (iii) the mapped semantics preserve their original inter-class representation. The network is end-to-end trainable and requires no independent pre-training for the offline feature extractor. Experiments on the NIH Chest X-ray dataset show that our network outperforms two strong baselines in terms of recall, precision, f1 score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Our code is publicly available at: this https URL