cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Successful strategies for the reduction of operating room turnover times in a tertiary care academic medical center.

Abstract Background Turnover time (TOT) is one of the classic measures of operating room (OR) efficiency. There have been numerous efforts to reduce TOTs, sometimes through the employment of a process improvement framework. However, most examples of process improvement in the TOT focus primarily on operational changes to workflows and statistical significance. These examples of process improvement do not detail the complex organizational challenges associated with implementing, expanding, and sustaining change. Methods TOT data for general and gastrointestinal surgery were collected retrospectively over a 26-mo period at a large multispecialty academic institution. We calculated mean and median TOTs. TOTs were excluded if the sequence of cases was changed or cases were canceled. Data were retrieved from the perioperative nursing data entry system. Results Using performance improvement strategies, we determined how various events and organizational factors created an environment that was receptive to change. This ultimately led to a sustained decrease in the OR TOT both in the general and gastrointestinal surgery ORs that were the focus of the study (44.8 min versus 48.6 min; P Conclusions There are obstacles, such as organizational culture and institutional inertia, that OR leaders, managers, and change agents commonly face. Awareness of the numerous variables that may support or impede a particular change effort can inform effective change implementation strategies that are “organizationally compatible.”
The ethical commitments of academic faculty in psychiatric education.

This article explores the commitment of faculty to ethics training in psychiatric education. Although psychiatry has insufficiently addressed the profession’s need for ethics training in education, program directors acknowledge its critical importance, and its positive impact has been demonstrated. Additionally, residents often seek ethics training as part of their instruction. The author suggests that academic faculty could respond to the profession’s inadequate treatment of ethics training by helping trainees develop moral agency—the ability to recognize, assess, and respond to ethical dilemmas; decide what constitutes right or wrong care; and act accordingly. The author also describes how this objective could be met by promoting professionalism and offering didactic instruction that address substantive and process issues regarding psychiatric care. Specific recommendations are provided.
Cytogenetics and developmental genetics course-A postscript

A brief summarization of deveiopments in mammalian cytogenetics, gene action during development, and cell clones and pattern formation is presented. (P.C.H.)
Nuclear localization of functional metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu1 in HEK293 cells and cortical neurons: role in nuclear calcium mobilization and development

The Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGlu1) plays an important role in neuromodulation, development, and synaptic plasticity. Using immunocytochemistry, subcellular fractionation, and western blot analysis, the present study shows that mGlu1a receptors are present on nuclear membranes in stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells as well as being endogenously expressed on rat cortical nuclei. Both glutamate and the group I agonist, quisqualate, directly activate nuclear mGlu1 receptors leading to a characteristic oscillatory pattern of calcium flux in isolated HEK nuclei and a slow rise to plateau in isolated cortical nuclei. In either case calcium responses could be terminated upon application of the mGlu1-selective antagonist, 7-(hydroxyamino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxylate ethyl ester. Responses could also be blocked by ryanodine and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor inhibitors, demonstrating the involvement of these calcium channels. Agonist activation of intracellular receptors was driven by Na+-dependent and -independent processes in nuclei isolated from either HEK or cortical neurons. Finally, mGlu1 nuclear receptors were dramatically up-regulated in the course of post-natal development. Therefore, like the other Group I receptor, mGlu5, mGlu1 can function as an intracellular receptor, suggesting a more encompassing role for nuclear G protein-coupled receptors and downstream signaling elements in the regulation of nuclear events.
Photoelectrochemistry and the environment

This article builds upon a companion review on electrochemical techniques [1] and discusses photocatalytic methods for the treatment and analysis of pollutants in water and air. Organic, inorganic and microbiological pollutants are considered. Areas wherein further research and development are needed are identified. Finally, perspectives on commercialization of this technology are presented.
Newton's method for nonlinear inequalities

A Newton-type algorithm has been presented elsewhere for solving non-linear inequalities of the formf(x)?0,g(x)=0, and quadratic convergence has been proved under very strong hypotheses. In this paper we show that the same results hold under a considerable weakening of the hypotheses.
Delayed Rupture of the Radial Artery Caused by Catheter-Related Sepsis

Arterial catheter-related sepsis was detected in six adult patients during 45 months by prospective surveillance of blood culture results. In two of the patients, infection of the radial artery caused delayed arterial rupture and either hemorrhage or pseudoaneurysm formation despite prompt catheter removal and antibiotic treatment. Features present in these two cases but not in the four uncomplicated cases were infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus and persistence of systemic signs of infection for more than 2 days after catheter removal. A review of the literature showed that these two features have been noted in almost all adult patients previously reported to develop arterial rupture as a complication and not in patients with uncomplicated arterial catheter-related sepsis. Identification of patients at increased risk for this complication may facilitate prompt diagnosis of arterial rupture or exploration and possible resection of an infected segment of artery before rupture occurs.
Child and adolescent immunizations: new recommendations, new standards, new opportunities.

In the movie Spiderman, Peter Parker’s guardian, Uncle Ben, tells him, “With great power there must also come great responsibility.” Over the past decade, pediatricians, family physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, office nurses, and the entire primary care staff have been handed increased power and responsibility. The power to protect our children from vaccine-preventable diseases and the responsibility to ensure that every child receives all necessary vaccines in a safe and effective manner. More children receive a greater number of vaccines today then ever before in our history and the majority of these are given in primary care settings. Children receive an increased number of vaccines with up to 23 injections given for 11 different diseases. The US immunization rates are at the highest level ever for 2-year-olds with almost 74% of children up-to-date for the 4:3:1:3:3 schedule.1 Primary care practice teams provide 73% to 85% of the immunizations for children (personal communication, Pennsylvania Department of Health Immunization Program, Harrisburg, PA).2–4 For many children and families the Vaccines for Children (VFC) Program has been the key to receiving immunization services in a medical home. The VFC Program has meant an end to the fragmented system of care that required families to have a preventive care visit with their pediatrician and then schedule another visit with the local public health center to receive vaccines. Children still receive immunizations from public health clinics, but many clinics are now primary care settings and not just immunization-only shot clinics. So over the last decade and a half, since the measles epidemic, the health system has made significant progress in protecting children and adolescents through immunization services provided by medical home. The primary care practice is not alone in the immunization process and this adds to the complexity. Primary care practices …
The relationship between transport properties and rates of freeze-drying of poultry meat

Controlled studies have been made of unidirectional freeze-drying of turkey meat. The results provide a test of the model of a uniformly retreating ice front. Comparisons are made with independent measurements of thermal conductivity and with the predicted effect of pressure level upon diffusivity. Variables explored include the pressure and humidity of the drying chamber, the meat surface temperature, and the grain orientation. Drying rates were measured in the presence of water vapor alone and also in the presence of 0 to 760 mm. Hg of nitrogen or helium. Nitrogen and helium runs were made both with a stagnant gas phase and with a circulating gas stream. The rates show quantitative agreement with the uniformly retreating ice front model during the removal of most of the moisture.
The pulmonary tuberculoma in childhood: Its medicaland surgical management

Summary 1. A classification of tuberculomasin the pulmonary parenchyma of children is given: (a) the primary tuberculoma of minute size, (b) the more or less extensive nodular residual following postprimary tuberculous pneumonitis, (c) the reinfection type of isolated tuberculomas, (d) cavitary lesions following reactivation of primary or disintegration of secondary tuberculomas. 2. The prominent role played by theparticipation of the collateral lymphatic glands in children is demonstrated in eleven representative radiograms, and the impracticality of limited resective surgery is emphasized. 3. The progressive involution andradiological disappearance of secondary tuberculomas (coin lesions) under proper chemotherapy is illustrated. 4. The treatment of the rare instances of cavitary lesions in children by resective surgery and by pneumothorax is discussed.
Hydrogen bond formation and anion ordering in superconducting (TMTSF)2ClO4 and (TMTSF)2AsF6

Abstract An examination of the low temperature (125K) X-ray diffraction determined structure of (TMTSF)2C104, the only ambient pressure organic superconductor known, reveals a previously unseen nearest-neighbor hydrogen bonding environment surrounding the anion resulting in short oxygen atom to methyl-hydrogen atom interactions that are likely responsible for the ordering of the C104- anion associated with a transition observed at 24K.1 Superconductivity is observed in (TMTSF)2ClO4 only when the anions adopt an ordered (relaxed1) configuration. In contrast to the previously reported single short Se…0 distance, the 0…H-C contacts are both short and numerous. The observed librational motion of the perchlorate anion provides further support for the importance of the 0…H interactions in the pinning of the anion. Additional discussion regarding the influence of F…H hydrogen bonds on the AsF6- anion disorder in (TMTSF)2AsF6, a superconductor under applied pressure only, is also presented.
105 Changes in Nitric Oxide Levels After Deep Dermal injury in the Female, Red Duroc Pig (FRDP)

Introduction: Hypertrophic scar is a devastating sequel to burns and other tangential skin injuries. It follows deep dermal injuries and does not occur after superficial injuries. Nitric oxide (NO) plays many important roles in wound healing from inflammation to scar remodeling. Studies have shown that expression of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide production are decreased in human hypertrophic scar. However little is known about NO involvement in the early stages of hypertrophic scarring, because of the lack of an animal model. It was recently reported that the female red Duroc pig (FRDP) makes thick scar, which is similar to human hypertrophic scar. We hypothesized that NO production in wounds on the female, red Duroc pig is similar to that of human hypertrophic scar and that NO involvement in deep wounds is different from that in superficial wounds. Methods: Superficial (0.015” to 0.030”) and deep (0.045” to 0.060”) wounds were created on the backs of four FRDPs. Biopsies were collected at weeks 1.5, 4, 8 and 21 post wounding including samples of uninjured skin. Nitric oxide levels were measured with the Griess reaction assay and normalized with tissue protein level. Results: Superficial wounds healed with an invisible scar whereas the deep wounds healed with scar resembling mild hypertrophic scar. The thickness of the scars from the deep wounds was significantly greater than uninjured skin and healed superficial wounds (p 0.05). Conclusions: NO production is similar in late, deep wounds on the female, red Duroc pig to that reported in the literature for human hypertrophic scar further validating this animal model. NO production is quite different after deep wounds as compared to superficial wounds in the FRDP. Early elevation in nitric oxide production might account for excessive inflammation in deep wounds that become thick scars in the FRDP. Nitric oxide regulators and effects at early stages of scar formation should be elucidated further and the FRDP appears to be a useful model.
Application of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching to study prestin lateral mobility in the human embryonic kidney cell

The transmembrane protein prestin is crucial to outer hair cell (OHC) electromotility and contributes to the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of mammalian hearing. The molecular mechanisms of electromotility remain unclear, but prestin is purported to function as both a voltage sensor and a molecular motor. Understanding the role of prestin requires characterizing its organization and behavior in the plasma membrane. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) provides a powerful means to quantitatively study molecular diffusion. However, OHCs are inherently fragile ex vivo, and dynamic studies of prestin require model systems, such as human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, expressing fluorescently labeled prestin. Utilizing this system, we provide the first direct, quantitative measurement of prestin lateral mobility. The results show remarkably different diffusion behavior for prestin-green fluorescent protein (GFP) as compared to a control protein, human somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5). Prestin-GFP FRAP experiments reveal immobile fractions approaching 50%, low effective diffusion coefficients, and recovery times slower than those of SSTR5. Secondary bleaching of a region reveals distinctly different diffusion parameters, which we propose reflect the transient confinement of prestin in the HEK cell. Although uncharacterized, intermolecular interactions between prestin and the membrane and/or cytoskeleton may be important for the unique properties of prestin in electromotile OHCs.
Alcohol and drug-related negative consequences in college students with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between disordered eating and substance use in a nonclinical sample of college students. Method Participants completed the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS), which includes full diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and anorexia nervosa (AN) as outlined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, as well as assessments of both alcohol and drug use and use-related consequences. Results Individuals meeting criteria for BN reported more alcohol-related negative consequences despite the fact that they did not drink significantly more alcohol and did not drink more frequently than non–eating-disordered individuals. Similarly, individuals with BN reported more negative consequences related to illicit drug use than non–eating-disordered individuals, although no differences in lifetime and recent use of drugs were found. Discussion Results highlight the importance of distinguishing between use and consequences in evaluating eating disorders and comorbid substance use problems. © 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 32: 171–178, 2002.
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) partitioning between adipose tissue and serum.

It has been recently suggested that variabilities in the partitioning of chronically retained lipophilic xenobiotics between adipose tissue and serum may be relatable to variations in the lipid content of the serum. Here, the authors present theoretical considerations and experimental data showing that this is indeed the case for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in humans. At equilibrium, in the absence of active transport, any lipophilic substance must distribute itself among body tissues in such a way that its chemical activity and also its chemical potential are the same at all points. In order to verify the theoretical relationships, three sorts of data relating to serum PCB levels in a human population were examined.
Social Media in Employee-Selection-Related Decisions A Research Agenda for Uncharted Territory

Social media (SM) pervades our society. One rapidly growing application of SM is its use in personnel decision making. Organizations are increasingly searching SM (e.g., Facebook) to gather information about potential employees. In this article, we suggest that organizational practice has outpaced the scientific study of SM assessments in an area that has important consequences for individuals (e.g., being selected for work), organizations (e.g., successfully predicting job performance or withdrawal), and society (e.g., consequent adverse impact/diversity). We draw on theory and research from various literatures to advance a research agenda that addresses this gap between practice and research. Overall, we believe this is a somewhat rare moment in the human resources literature when a new class of selection methods arrives on the scene, and we urge researchers to help understand the implications of using SM assessments for personnel decisions.
On diversity and stability of unit bases for the Euclidean metric

We prove the existence of a family Ω(n) of 2c (where c is the cardinality of the continuum) subgraphs of the unit distance graph (En, 1) of the Euclidean space En, n ≥ 2, such that (a) for each graph G ϵ Ω(n), any homomorphism of G to (En, 1) is an isometry of En; moreover, for each subgraph G0 of the graph G obtained from G by deleting less than c vertices, less than c stars, and less than c edges (we call such a subgraph reduced), any homomorphism of G0 to (En, 1) is an isometry (of the set of the vertices of G0); (b) each graph G ϵ Ω(n) cannot be homomorphically mapped to any other graph of the family Ω(n), and the same is true for each reduced subgraph of G.
Utilization of Safflower Meal by the Chick and Its Effect Upon Plasma Lysine and Methionine Concentrations

Abstract RENEWED interest in safflower meal a s a protein source for livestock feed has resulted from increased production of safflower seed in the United States and Mexico in recent years. It is grown primarily for its oil content which ranges from 20% to 40% and the meal is a by-product of the oil industry. Undecorticated safflower meal contains between 20% and 24% and as high as 35% fiber. It is possible to remove a large portion of the hull, resulting in a meal between 42 and 44% protein content and approximately 14% fiber. The use of high protein safflower meal was first reported by Kratzer and Williams (1947). A meal prepared in their laboratory was fed to chicks as the only source of protein, with addition of amino acids, to determine specific deficiencies The omission of arginine, methionine and lysine singly or glycine and cystine together resulted in significant decreases…
The Co-Influence of Grammatical Markers and Comprehender Goals on the Memory for Short Discourse

Abstract The co-influence of grammatical markers (connectives) and comprehender goals (directed forgetting cues) on the memory for sentences was examined in three experiments. Participants read statement pairs which were linked by a connective (e.g., because ) or stood alone as separate sentences. After each statement, a cue to remember or to forget the preceding statement was presented. In Experiment 1, participants had more difficulty forgetting the second clause in the presence of the connective because than in its absence when statement 1 was to be remembered. In Experiment 2, the pattern of directed forgetting was similar for the connectives because and and, suggesting that one reason why directed forgetting was reduced for the second statement in Experiment 1 was that it merely continued a linguistic structure rather than increasing causal-based inferences. In Experiment 3, the connective was placed after the cue for statement 1, making it more difficult for readers to incorporate the second clause to the first. Under these conditions, the connective did not reduce intentional forgetting. The pattern of results indicates that the goal to forget a phrase has a smaller impact on forgetting when an incoming representation can be readily attached to a TBR representation in working memory as directed by a grammatical marker.
Diffuse surface nuclear and Coulomb potential energies for heavy-ion reactions☆

Abstract We calculate the nuclear and Coulomb potential energies for heavy-ion reactions using a modfied form of the liquid-drop model of the nucleus. Effects of the finite range of the nuclear force, of the surface diffuseness and intrinsic deformation of spheroidal interacting ions are included explicitly. In order to evaluate the potential energies before the density distributions of the two nuclei overlap appreciably, multipole expansion formulae are derived, from which the dependence of the interaction energy upon the relative orientation of the ions can be studied in detail. After the densities begin to overlap, an adiabatic approximation for the nuclear and Coulomb energies is achieved by prescribing a continuous deformation of the density distributions, as proposed by Nix and Sierk. Special attention is paid to the choice of the radius and diffuseness parameters of the ions. Furthermore, the constants of the model are selected from a study of fusion radii and barrier heights, fission saddle-point energies, nuclear energy at the strong absorption radius, and fusion cross sections for light ion systems at energies below the Coulomb barrier. In particular, we examine the fusion of two oblate 12C nuclei and show that the corresponding cross section below the Coulomb barrier depends strongly on their relative orientation. The fusion of two spherical 16O nuclei is also discussed.
Tunable Leuko-polymersomes that Adhere Specifically to Inflammatory Markers

The polymersome, a fully synthetic cell mimetic, is a tunable platform for drug delivery vehicles to detect and treat disease (theranostics). Here, we design a leuko-polymersome, a polymersome with the adhesive properties of leukocytes, which can effectively bind to inflammatory sites under flow. We hypothesize that optimal leukocyte adhesion can be recreated with ligands that mimic receptors of the two major leukocyte molecular adhesion pathways, the selectins and the integrins. Polymersomes functionalized with sialyl Lewis X and an antibody against ICAM-1 adhere avidly and selectively to surfaces coated with inflammatory adhesion molecules P-selectin and ICAM-1 under flow. We find that maximal adhesion occurs at intermediate densities of both sialyl Lewis X and anti-ICAM-1, owing to synergistic binding effects between the two ligands. Leuko-polymersomes bearing these two receptor mimetics adhere under physiological shear rates to inflamed endothelium in an in vitro flow chamber at a rate 7.5 times highe...
Gaseous breakdown at high frequencies under partial vacuum

High voltage devices and systems operating in space environment are usually subjected to partial discharges or corona discharges due to the partial vacuum environment, and these activities within a power system are usually considered as major design problems. Currently, space power systems operating, at voltages higher than the traditional 28 V systems are being considered. Furthermore, the availability of high power electronic devices operating at higher switching frequencies makes the corona and partial discharge problems more important than before. Our initial studies conducted in the laboratory suggest that the corona inception voltage levels at high frequency are indeed lower than the dc breakdown voltages for various pressures. Thus, this work will present the breakdown data obtained for ac-voltages at 10 kHz to 30 kHz in partial vacuum environment. Furthermore, results will be compared with the data available in the literature, and further research work in high frequency breakdown in partial pressure environment will be discussed.
Frames: a heuristic critical review

The author presents the main aspects of the frame theory and analyzes its shortcomings. It is shown that the frame representation scheme alone is not sufficient to represent most real-world knowledge. Thus, there is a need to combine the various representation schemes into a coherent and integrated hybrid representation facility. This integration of the knowledge representation schemes cannot result only from implementation-related investigations. More in-depth work in the manner of Shannon's work in information theory is required if progress towards a unified theory of knowledge representation is to be achieved. >
Semi-automatic schema integration in Clio

Schema integration is the problem of finding a unified representation, called the integrated schema, from a set of source schemas that are related to each other. The relationships between the source schemas can be represented via correspondences between schema elements or via some other forms of schema mappings such as constraints or views. The integrated schema can be viewed as a means for dealing with the heterogeneity in the source schemas, by providing a standard representation of the data. Schema integration has received much of attention in the research literature [1, 2, 6, 8, 10] and still remains a challenge in practice. Existing approaches require substantial amount of human feedback during the integration process and moreover, the outcome of these approaches is a single integrated schema. In general, however, there can be multiple possible schemas that integrate data in different ways and each may be valuable in a given scenario.
The Effect of Teaching Approach on Third-Grade Students' Response to Literature:

This study examined effects of teaching approaches on students' responses to three picture books. One hundred and twenty third-grade students were randomly assigned to treatments: literary analysis, literary experience, and no discussion. The literary-analysis approach focused on identifying and critiquing literary elements; the literary-experience approach centered on having students live through and react to the storyline. Teaching approach affected the content of students' subsequent efferent and aesthetic responses, with subjects from the literary-analysis group more likely to focus on the identification of literary elements in free written responses. Subjects from the literary-experience group wrote responses indicating more involvement in the story world, described similarities between characters and real people, and treated literature more as an aesthetic experience than a lesson or an object to be studied. Subjects who had no discussion on the stories were more likely to simply retell the story. Traditional perspectives toward reading have tended to focus on a communication model, with the author generating meaning and the text serving to convey that meaning to a reader who deciphers the author's message. In this century theorists and researchers in literary theory and more recently in reading comprehension theory have begun to recognize a shift away from traditional beliefs regarding the nature of reading (Bodgan & Straw, 1990). Transactional, phenomenological, and actualization models of reading (Bodgan & Straw, 1990; Edelsky, Altwerger, & Flores 1991; Goodman, 1985; Harste, Woodward, & Burke, 1984; Iser, 1978; Rosenblatt, 1978), and audience-oriented or reader-response criticism and theory (Cooper, 1985; Probst, 1988; Suleiman & Crosman, 1980) share a common notion that "... the central purpose for reading is not communication though one of its purposes may be communicative (i.e., a communication from the author to reader); the central purposes of reading are internal to and generated by the reader" (Bod
Six Sigma from products to pollution to people

Six Sigma innovation and design developed in manufacturing environments, but their deployment is rapidly expanding to applications in service areas including, perhaps most notably, health care. This paper discusses Six Sigma innovation and design as interdisciplinary strategies with the potential for boundary-crossing, and novel applications that are not strictly driven by technological advancement, but possibly also by ethical concerns. Included, in the discussion are military and defense applications as well as ones related to society, energy and natural resource conservation, and potential for applications in such ‘soft’ areas as entertainment, civil rights, and human performance.
Effects in mice of high and low environmental temperature on the maternal and fetal toxicity of 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) and on disposition of [14C]-dinoseb†‡

Swiss-Webster female mice were treated with 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) and maintained in an increased environmental temperature (32 degrees C) for 24 h or a decreased temperature (0-6 degrees C) for 1.5-4 h. In two experiemtns animals maintained at low temperature were kept wet during the cold exposure, to enhance the reduction in body temperature, by rinsing them with water at approximately 30 min intervals. Results from nonpregnant females indicated that increased temperature lowered the LD50 for single injections of dinoseb from 20.2 to 14.1 mg/kg and that reduced temperature for 4 h had no effect on the LD50. A 24 h exposure to 32 degrees C enhanced the effect of 3 daily dinoseb treatments of pregnant mice; it increased maternal mortality, decreased fetal body weight, and increased frequency of fetal anomalies. Fetal body weight and the frequency of malformations were the same in groups exposed to low temperature and maintained at room temperature. Disposition of [14 C] dinoseb was also determined in nonpregnant mice exposed to temperatures of 0, 24, and 32 degrees C. The periods of environmental temperature studied (3-24 h) had no effect on the rate of disappearance of dinoseb from plasma or other tissues examined.
Technologically Enriched and Boundaryless Lives Time for a Paradigm Upgrade

Computers and other communication technologies have irrevocably changed the nature of work, the workforce, and interpersonal relationships. This article suggests that these changes have resulted in a blurring of the distinction between life roles and an increase in feelings of meaningless and isolation. The authors argue that the dissolution of boundaries between life roles and the emotional sequelae of the digitization of our culture support a paradigm that reintegrates counseling and vocational psychology. Future counseling psychologists will be better equipped to provide services to clients whose lives are enriched and complicated by technology only if counseling psychology educators are able to provide them with the knowledge and skills to do so.
Still another view of Fibonacci searching

An intuitively appealing derivation of the Fibonacci searching algorithm is presented. A new equation is developed to determine appropriate test points for Fibonacci searching.
Myasthenic response to muscle relaxants in von Recklinghausen's disease.

A case report illustrating an abnormal response to muscle relaxants in a patient with von Recklinghausen's disease. Resistance to succinylcholine associated with a paradoxical sensitivity to tubocurarine was observed. Such a "myasthenic response" might reflect a low safety margin of neuromuscular transmission.
XCN, X Ag, Cu and Ni, a model for CN on a metal surface

The bonding between the CN radical and the metal atom is a highly polarized single sigma bond involving the coupling of the CN 5 sigma open shell orbital to the metal ns valence orbital. The bonding is very similar in all three systems and has very little d involvement. The derivative of the dipole moment with respect to R(CN) is found to be much smaller than for free CN, leading to a predicted decreased intensity of CN vibrational transitions for the chemisorbed species.
Aneurysm, Anterior Part of Circle of Willis

This chapter discusses aneurysms originating from the intracranial portion of the internal carotid artery where it emerges from the cavernous sinus below the anterior clinoid process to its bifurcation into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. Cavernous sinus fistulae or aneurysms of the intracavernous sinus portion of the internal carotid artery are not described. These latter lesions are nearly always treated by trapping or embolization procedures and present no technical operative difficulties. The ligation of the ophthalmic artery which is indicated in the treatment of cavernous sinus fistulae will be presented in a separate section.
Apportioning natural and forced components in climate change

One of the more intriguing mysteries of global warming is the fact that the high northern-latitude surfaces are warming faster than those averaged over the globe, a phenomenon known as polar amplification (Fig. 1). Actually, it should be named arctic amplification (AA), because the polar enhancement hardly happens in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). The effect has been discussed for many decades, beginning with an article by Manabe and Stouffer (1), who asserted from their modeling studies that an inversion of the temperature profile in the polar regions makes the surface more responsive to climate change because of the reduced vertical mixing (also discussed in ref. 2). Many new and interesting possible explanations are still surfacing as the warming and its AA are becoming more evident. An article in PNAS by Wallace et al. (3) seems to bring new clarity to the subject.
Encouraging creativity in mathematics and science through photography

Based on the results of a survey of the science and mathematics students at our university, we observed that students do not consider mathematics and science to be creative endeavors, though the traditional artistic disciplines rank high in this regard. To address this problem in perception, the authors used photography as a means to encourage students to find the deep-rooted connections between science and mathematics and the arts. The photography project was used in a formal classroom setting as well as an outside activity, i.e. in a more informal setting. In this article, we describe the project and its outcomes.
Comparison of methods used to study consumer emotions associated with fragrance

Abstract As consumer products have become more similar in respect of technical performance and quality emotional characteristics are increasingly important in differentiating products on the market. Consequently measurement of emotions evoked by fragrance is an important aspect of perfume development in the fragrance industry and developing a sensitive and reproducible technique is crucial to ensuring successful fragrance performance in the market. A very brief overview of a selection of methods used to measure emotional stimuli is given in order to illustrate the scope of what is available. The objective of the research described here was to compare results from three different methods that have been used at Givaudan: a verbal method using Visual Analogue Scales and two non-verbal methods, one utilising visuals as an emotional measure and the other utilising brain scanning to measure physiological response. Results using all three methods are examined in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the different approaches.
A Comprehensive Study Of Learning Disabled Adults

Personal and educational histories and test data of 33 learning disabled adults were collected and analyzed. Characteristics of this population are described, and an analysis of the test data is presented. It was found that many of the characteristics of learning disabled youngsters described in the literature persist into adulthood. Some significant sex differences in the Reasoning section of the Woodcock-Johnson Cognitive Ability Test and in Math Achievement are also reported. Issues related to understanding this population are discussed.
Open Borders: Absurd Chimera or Inevitable Future Policy?

In the current climate of security concerns, the movement of people across borders is becoming increasingly criminalised. Yet there is a parallel political and economic reality in which borders are opening and the movement of people is being liberalised: zones of free movement such as the European Union expand; other bilateral and multilateral agreements include provisions for more fluid cross-border movement; international trade negotiations seek to facilitate the flow of those providing goods and services; developing countries’ push for greater access for their citizens to the labour markets of the industrialised world; and a new class of ‘‘gold collar’’ professionals moves with increasing ease around the globe. This paper explores the possibilities of universal open borders as a future policy option. The author accepts realpolitik and understands that the free flow of immigrants is currently impossible, but also maintains that open borders are an inevitable long-term consequence of globalisation, as well as a policy option for addressing North-South inequalities and a moral touchstone for the global extension of human rights. The paper does not advocate for more migration, but instead explores the paradox that the creation of the conditions that would allow for the opening of borders is likely to reduce the incentives for emigration. The paper explores the policy changes needed to achieve open borders.
The MET Receptor Family

The MET gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor and its ligand is hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF). MET is expressed in many tissues, organs, and types of cells, but is generally expressed in cells of epithelial origin. HGF/SF, on the other hand, is produced in stromal cells of mesenchymal origin. The MET receptor is synthesized as a 185 kDa single-chain precursor, which is proteolytically cleaved to yield a highly glycosylated extracellular α-subunit and a transmembrane β-subunit. The two subunits are linked by disulfide bonds to form the mature receptor. Paracrine activation of the MET receptor by HGF/SF activates multiple signaling pathways, including RAS/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, SRC, and STAT3, leading to pleiotropic cellular responses such as mitogenesis, motogenesis, and morphogenesis. The HGF/SF–MET pathway is essential for embryonic development, organ regeneration, and wound healing during adulthood. Disruption of HGF/SF–MET signaling has been implicated in several human diseases including autism, diabetes, and most types of human cancer. In tumor cells, aberrant activation of MET signaling occurs through amplification, mutation, and/or overexpression. Ligand-dependent activation promotes tumor progression by facilitating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, survival, and angiogenesis. The prevalence of the HGF/SF–MET pathway in human cancers has led to great interest in the pathway as a cancer drug target. Small-molecule inhibitors or biologics such as monoclonal antibodies directed against MET or HGF/SF impede tumor growth in cells expressing activated MET. Promising results have been reported from clinical trials with compounds targeting HGF/SF–MET signaling. Treatment using HGF/SF–MET antagonists on select patient subpopulations that have aberrant MET activity may improve therapeutic efficacy.
Scan Globally, Reinvent Locally : Can We Overcome the Barriers to Using the Horizontal Learning Method in Law and Development?

Many in the field of development studies have embraced the method of horizontal learning among peer developing countries as a useful tool to identify practices that might help solve development problems. While this “scan globally, reinvent locally” approach has been tried in the field of law and development, features of the legal field in general, and aspects of the field in the Global South in particular, make it hard to use this approach in legal studies. The essay explains the reasons why horizontal learning among peer developing countries could contribute to the study of law in development, describes some tentative experiments with the method in legal studies, examines the barriers to using this approach, and suggests ways to foster more horizontal cooperation and learning.
How should whole-genome sequencing be implemented in children? A consideration of the current limitations

In children, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is envisioned as a tool to improve diagnosis of undiagnosed diseases and to improve population-based screening. Pilot applications have shown benefits: genomic information has been used as a diagnostic aid; pharmacogenomics can reduce medicine-related adverse events; advanced knowledge of the potential for later-onset disease can target tests and appropriate therapies. However, emerging technical, conceptual and ethical challenges may limit WGS from fulfilling the current vision for future applications. WGS platforms still struggle with reliability and accuracy. The role of the genome in long-term organismal function and disease is still being established. Ethical implications of WGS in both undiagnosed disease and population screening, particularly potential impacts of testing on children and their families are still unresolved.
Prenatal diagnosis of isolated coronary artery fistulas: progression and outcome in five cases

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, progression, treatment, and outcomes in isolated coronary artery fistula cases diagnosed prenatally. Methods We carried out a retrospective review of babies diagnosed prenatally with coronary artery fistulas between January, 2000 and December, 2013; five fetuses were included. Echocardiographic features and measurements were noted during pregnancy and after birth. Treatment and outcome were noted. Results Gestational age at initial diagnosis was between 19 and 22 weeks; four coronary artery fistulas originated from the right and one from the left circumflex coronary artery. Drainage was into the right atrium in four cases and into the left ventricle in one case. There was cardiomegaly in two cases at the initial scan. The size of the fistulas increased during pregnancy in all except one. All prenatal diagnoses were confirmed postnatally. Among all, two patients developed congestive cardiac failure soon after birth and required transcatheter closure of the coronary artery fistula, 5 and 17 days after birth, respectively; three patients remained asymptomatic, and all of them showed progressive dilation of the feeding artery and had closure of the fistula at 20 months, 4 years, and 7 years of age, respectively. During the follow-up period, which ranged 2–14 years, all the patients were alive and well. Conclusions Coronary artery fistulas can be diagnosed accurately during fetal life. Some babies may develop congestive cardiac failure soon after birth requiring early treatment. Those treated conservatively should be kept under review as intervention may be required later.
Understanding “Place” in Social Marketing: A Systematic Review

Critiques of the social marketing literature have suggested the place strategy is a key component within the 4 Ps of the marketing mix that simultaneously has been misunderstood and underutilized. ...
An Eliot Effect? Prosecutorial Discretion in Mutual Fund Settlement Negotiations, 2003-7

This paper examines the negotiated settlements of 20 market timing and late trading cases, comparing the restitution obtained for shareholders with an estimate of shareholder dilution. This restitution ratio varies from 0.04 to 5, or from 0.1 to 10 if penalties are included. While some of this variation is explained by differences in the defendants' conduct, controlling for this, settlement negotiations that involved New York as well as the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) resulted in restitution ratios that were higher by a factor of 5-10. An analysis that uses the firms' headquarters location and customers' state of residence as an instrument for New York's involvement suggests that this difference is causal, and not the result of New York involving itself in cases likely to lead to large settlements. Given the much larger staff and institutional expertise of the SEC, it is likely that these differences in outcomes are due to differences in aggressiveness, not prosecutorial resources. Differences in aggressiveness are consistent with popular conceptions of the regulators' career concerns, as well as with theories of industry focus and regulatory capture.
Mechanotransduction of Multi-Hair Droplet Arrays

Early embodiments of droplet interface bilayer (DIB)-based hair cell sensors demonstrated the capability of sensing discrete and continuous perturbations, including single flicks and constant airflow, respectively, of a hair structure that is held in close proximity to a single lipid membrane. In those studies, the use of a single bilayer formed between a pair of droplets provided the necessary environment for studying the physical mechanism of mechanotransduction of a membrane-based sensor as well as the sensitivity and directionality of the assembly. More recently, we showed that additional lipid-coated droplets could be connected in series to form multi-bilayer arrays. Measurements of bilayer current through each interface demonstrated that perturbation of the hair creates a vibration that propagates across several droplets, allowing for the additional interfaces to also sense the perturbation. Depending on the location of the hair in the droplet array, these sensing currents can occur in-phase with one another, allowing for a total sensing current to be easily summed. Two important remaining questions about multi-bilayer arrays include: 1) How is signal propagation affected by the configuration of droplets in the array? 2) How does perturbation of multiple hair structures affect signal propagation and sensing currents in a droplet-array? To study these questions, we form linear series and L-shaped arrays of DIBs where each droplet is instrumented with a sensing electrode. Our experiments show that the motion of the perturbed hair can be transduced by up to three membranes away from the hair and that a change in the orientation of successive interfaces does not significantly affect the propagation of vibrational energy. Separately, experiments on serial arrays with multiple hairs indicate that a second, unperturbed hair does not affect bilayer currents generated by the perturbed hair and that hairs of varying length can add frequency selectivity and stimulus localization capability to multi-bilayer sensors.Copyright © 2014 by ASME