cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Immunological Analysis of β-Thalassemic Mouse Intestinal Proteins Reveals Up-Regulation of Sucrase-Isomaltase in Response to Iron Overload

Maintenance of iron homeostasis must balance the demand for iron due to heme synthesis, which is driven by hematopoiesis, and the restricted intestinal uptake of iron, which otherwise limits absorption of this toxic element. The consequences of perturbed iron homeostasis are witnessed in inherited forms of beta-thalassemia in which erythroid hyperplasia results in enhanced intestinal iron absorption despite tissue iron overload. To gain a better understanding of intestinal factors that are induced when iron homeostasis is disrupted, a panel of monoclonal antibodies that recognize intestinal microvillous membrane proteins of the beta-thalassemic Hbbd(th3)/Hbbd(th3) mouse was established. The monoclonal antibodies were screened by differential Western blotting against normal and beta-thalassemic mouse intestine to identify antigens modulated in the disease state. Here we report the initial characterization of one immunoreactive species that is up-regulated in beta-thalassemic mouse intestine and the tentative identification of this antigen as sucrase-isomaltase. Studies in Caco-2 cells revealed the rather unexpected finding that expression of this intestinal hydrolase is increased in response to iron toxicity.
Electrophysiological Studies of Human Face Perception. II: Response Properties of Face-specific Potentials Generated in Occipitotemporal Cortex

In the previous paper the locations and basic response properties of N200 and other face-specific event-related potentials (ERPs) were described. In this paper responsiveness of N200 and related ERPs to the perceptual features of faces and other images was assessed. N200 amplitude did not vary substantially, whether evoked by colored or grayscale faces; normal, blurred or line-drawing faces; or by faces of different sizes. Human hands evoked small N200s at face-specific sites, but evoked hand-specific ERPs at other sites. Cat and dog faces evoked N200s that were 73% as large as to human faces. Hemifield stimulation demonstrated that the right hemisphere is better at processing information about upright faces and transferring it to the left hemisphere, whereas the left hemisphere is better at processing information about inverted faces and transferring it to the right hemisphere. N200 amplitude was largest to full faces and decreased progressively to eyes, face contours, lips and noses viewed in isolation. A region just lateral to face-specific N200 sites was more responsive to internal face parts than to faces, and some sites in ventral occipitotemporal cortex were face-partspecific. Faces with eyes averted or closed evoked larger N200s than those evoked by faces with eyes forward. N200 amplitude and latency were affected by the joint effects of eye and head position in the right but not in the left hemisphere. Full and three-quarter views of faces evoked larger N200s than did profile views. The results are discussed in relation to behavioral studies in humans and single-cell recordings in monkeys.
Neurologic Complaints in a Patient with Infective Endocarditis

Abstract Background Infectious intracranial aneurysms constitute a small subgroup of all intracranial aneurysms, but are an important cause of neurologic complaints in patients with infective endocarditis. Objective: To describe a potentially fatal cause of neurologic complaints in patients with endocarditis. Case Report: We report a case of a 33-year-old woman with Streptococcus sanguinis endocarditis and several neurologic complaints including right arm numbness, confusion, and occasional word-finding difficulty that were found to be secondary to infectious intracranial aneurysm. Conclusion Early consideration of intracranial infectious aneurysm in patients with infective endocarditis and neurologic symptoms is critical. Therapeutic intervention is often effective, and risk of aneurysm rupture is high.
Expression of the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor gene product, merlin, in Schwann cells

The neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) tumor suppressor gene encodes a protein with sequence similarity to a family of molecules linking cell membrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton. Individuals affected with NF2 develop schwannomas at an increased frequency. In this paper, we report that merlin is expressed in Schwann cells, where it is localized in vitro to the cell membrane by immunohistochemistry and subcellular fractionation. Exogenous expression of merlin fragments confirms this subcellular distribution and suggests that both the N-terminal and C-terminal portions of the molecule are required for this localization. In addition, merlin is expressed in rat sciatic nerve Schwann cells at paranodal membranes, where it colocalizes with RhoA. Lastly, expression of the NF2 gene increases during postnatal rat sciatic nerve development, consistent with its role as a negative growth regulator for Schwann cells. These results collectively suggest that merlin may function at the cell surface to modulate cell growth in Schwann cells and to link cell membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton.
1,2-Bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(methylamino)carbonylhydrazine (101M): A Novel Sulfonylhydrazine Prodrug with Broad-Spectrum Antineoplastic Activity

Our laboratory has synthesized and evaluated the anticancer activity of a number of sulfonylhydrazine DNA modifying agents. As a class, these compounds possess broad spectrum antitumor activity, demonstrating significant activity against a variety of experimental murine tumors, including the P388 and L1210 leukemias, B16 melanoma, M109 lung carcinoma, and M5076 reticulum cell sarcoma, as well as against the human LX-1 lung carcinoma xenograft. The current report describes the activity of a more recently synthesized member of this class, 1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(methylamino)carbonylhydrazine (101M). 101M was active in mice against the i.p. implanted L1210 leukemia over a wide range of doses and produced long-term survivors when administered as a single i.p. bolus of 10, 20, 40, 60, or 80 mg/kg, demonstrating a wider margin of safety than the nitrosourea, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). Curative therapy was achieved with doses of 101M that did not produce depression of the bone marrow. 101M was also highly effective against the L1210 leukemia when administered by the oral route. The ability of 101M to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and eradicate leukemia cells in the brain was remarkable (>6 log kill). This agent was also curative against L1210 variants resistant to cyclophosphamide, BCNU, or melphalan. Mice implanted with the murine C26 colon carcinoma were also cured by two injections of 10 or 20 mg/kg of 101M. Administration of 101M by two different well-tolerated regimens caused complete regression of established human glioblastoma U251 xenografts in 100% of treated mice, and significant responses were also obtained with 101M against advanced murine M109 lung carcinomas in mice. The broad spectrum of anticancer activity of the sulfonylhydrazine prodrug 101M coupled with the wide range of therapeutic safety exhibited by this agent, makes 101M particularly attractive for further development and clinical evaluation.
The Aeronomy of Mars: Characterization by MAVEN of the Upper Atmosphere Reservoir That Regulates Volatile Escape

The Mars thermosphere-ionosphere-exosphere (TIE) system constitutes the atmospheric reservoir (i.e. available cold and hot planetary neutral and thermal ion species) that regulates present day escape processes from the planet. The characterization of this TIE system, including its spatial and temporal (e.g., solar cycle, seasonal, diurnal, episodic) variability is needed to determine present day escape rates. Without knowledge of the physics and chemistry creating this TIE region and driving its variations, it is not possible to constrain either the short term or long term histories of atmosphere escape from Mars. MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission) will make both in-situ and remote measurements of the state variables of the Martian TIE system. A full characterization of the thermosphere (∼100–250 km) and ionosphere (∼100–400 km) structure (and its variability) will be conducted with the collection of spacecraft in-situ measurements that systematically span most local times and latitudes, over a regular sampling of Mars seasons, and throughout the bottom half of the solar cycle. Such sampling will far surpass that available from existing spacecraft and ground-based datasets. In addition, remote measurements will provide a systematic mapping of the composition and structure of Mars neutral upper atmosphere and coronae (e.g. H, C, N, O), as well as probe lower altitudes. Such a detailed characterization is a necessary first step toward answering MAVEN’s three main science questions (see Jakosky et al. 2014, this issue). This information will be used to determine present day escape rates from Mars, and provide an estimate of integrated loss to space throughout Mars history.
Vibrational structure of hydrogen cyanide up to 18 900 cm −1

Stimulated-emission pumping (SEP) spectra of HCN have been measured by using a pulsed, tunable argon fluoride laser with a frequency-doubled, pulsed dye laser. Sixty-seven vibrational states of the ground electronic state between 8 900 and 18 900 cm−1 have been observed. Eighty percent of the states can be described within a traditional normal mode context. A full set of anharmonic vibrational constants was derived, unifying the SEP data reported here with previous infrared and overtone data. This set of molecular constants is expected to be able to predict the position of normal mode states below 19 000 cm−1 with an accuracy within 3 cm−1. Twenty percent of the states could not be assigned to unperturbed normal mode states, and a systematic analysis was performed in an attempt to find a simple explanation for them based on possible perturbations. Except for the lowest energies, no simple explanation was found, suggesting that delocalized isomerizing vibrational states are playing a role in the observed vibrational structure at higher energy. Direct comparison with assigned normal mode states derived from quantum-mechanical vibrational-structure calculations on the only available three-dimensional potential energy surface were made possible by these experiments. The deviation between experiment and theory as a function of the number of bending quanta, the vibrational motion that couples strongly to the isomerization reaction coordinate, makes clear that the isomerization barrier height is too low on this surface. The present state of experimental characterization of the HCN system should be good enough to permit a high-quality potential energy surface to be derived for highly vibrationally excited HCN.
Distribution and Movement of Big Spring Spinedace (Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis) in Condor Canyon, Meadow Valley Wash, Nevada

Big Spring spinedace (Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis) is a cyprinid whose entire population occurs within a section of Meadow Valley Wash, Nevada. Other spinedace species have suffered population and range declines (one species is extinct). Managers, concerned about the vulnerability of Big Spring spinedace, have considered habitat restoration actions or translocation, but they have lacked data on distribution or habitat use. Our study occurred in an 8.2-km section of Meadow Valley Wash, including about 7.2 km in Condor Canyon and 0.8 km upstream of the canyon. Big Spring spinedace were present upstream of the currently listed critical habitat, including in the tributary Kill Wash. We found no Big Spring spinedace in the lower 3.3 km of Condor Canyon. We tagged Big Spring spinedace ≥70 mm fork length (range 70–103 mm) with passive integrated transponder tags during October 2008 (n = 100) and March 2009 (n = 103) to document movement. At least 47 of these individuals moved from their release location (up to 2 km). Thirty-nine individuals moved to Kill Wash or the confluence area with Meadow Valley Wash. Ninety-three percent of movement occurred in spring 2009. Fish moved both upstream and downstream. We found no movement downstream over a small waterfall at river km 7.9 and recorded only one fish that moved downstream over Delmue Falls (a 12-m drop) at river km 6.1. At the time of tagging, there was no significant difference in fork length or condition between Big Spring Spinedace that were later detected moving and those not detected moving. We found no significant difference in fork length or condition at time of tagging of Big Spring spinedace ≥70 mm fork length that were detected moving and those not detected moving. Kill Wash and its confluence area appeared important to Big Spring spinedace; connectivity with these areas may be key to species persistence. These areas may provide a habitat template for restoration or translocation. The lower 3.3 km of Meadow Valley Wash in Condor Canyon may be a good candidate section for habitat restoration actions.
Differential Production of and Migratory Response to β Chemokines by Human Microglia and Astrocytes

Little is known about the participation of fJ chemokines in inflammatory processes within the central nervous system. The release of three of these peptides (macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP]-ia, MIP-ifJ, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-I) from human fetal microglial cell and astrocyte cultures was assessed following stimulation by lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-IB, and tumor necrosis factor-a. Although striking differences were found between these two types of glial cells in their responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide and cytokines, both microglia and astrocytes produced all three fJ chemokines. Only microglial cells, however, demonstrated an increased migra­ tory response to the fJ chemokines. The results of this in vitro study suggest that fJ chemokines may play an important role in the trafficking of mononuclear phagocytes within the brain. Once considered an "immunologically privileged" organ (i.e., protected from the immune system), the brain is now known to be composed mainly of glial cells, which when acti­ vated can display a variety of immunologic activities [I, 2]. When activated, astrocytes, which constitute about 75% of all cells within the cerebral cortex, outnumbering the neurons eight to one, and microglia, which are found in equal numbers with neurons, appear to playa role in defense of the central nervous system. As the resident macrophages of the parenchyma of the brain, microglia can phagocytize and kill certain intracellular microorganisms [3]; however, activated microglia can also in­ cite neuronal injury [3].
Paracetamol is more effective than placebo for migraine, and paracetamol 1000 mg plus metoclopramide 10 mg is similarly effective to oral sumatriptan 100 mg for migraine relief at 2 h

Commentary on: S Derry, RA Moore, HJ McQuay. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without an antiemetic for acute migraine headaches in adults.Cochrane Database Syst Rev2010;11:CD008040.
Regional‐scale modelling of the spatial distribution of surface and subsurface textural classes in alluvial soils using Markov chain geostatistics

Soil texture is directly associated with other soil physical and chemical properties and can affect crop yield, erodibility and water and pollutant movement. Thus, maps of soil textural class are valuable for agricultural management. Conventional spatial statistical methods do not capture the complex largescale spatial patterns of multi-class variables. Markov chain geostatistics (MCG) was recently proposed as a new approach for the conditional simulation of categorical variables. In this study, we apply an MCG algorithm to simulate the spatial distribution of textural classes of alluvial soils at five different depths in a 15-km 2 area on the North China Plain. Soil texture was divided into five classes – sand, sandy loam, light loam, medium loam and clay. Optimal prediction maps, simulated maps and occurrence probability maps for each depth were generated from sample data. Simulated results delineated the distribution of the five soil textural classes at the five depths and quantified related spatial uncertainties caused by limited sample size (total of 139 points). These results are not only useful for understanding the spatial distribution of soil texture in alluvial soils, but also provide valuable quantitative information for precision agriculture, soil management and studies on environmental processes affected by surface and subsurface soil textures.
Tensor clustering for rendering many-light animations

Rendering animations of scenes with deformable objects, camera motion, and complex illumination, including indirect lighting and arbitrary shading, is a long-standing challenge. Prior work has shown that complex lighting can be accurately approximated by a large collection of point lights. In this formulation, rendering of animation sequences becomes the problem of efficiently shading many surface samples from many lights across several frames. This paper presents a tensor formulation of the animated many-light problem, where each element of the tensor expresses the contribution of one light to one pixel in one frame. We sparsely sample rows and columns of the tensor, and introduce a clustering algorithm to select a small number of representative lights to efficiently approximate the animation. Our algorithm achieves efficiency by reusing representatives across frames, while minimizing temporal flicker. We demonstrate our algorithm in a variety of scenes that include deformable objects, complex illumination and arbitrary shading and show that a surprisingly small number of representative lights is sufficient for high quality rendering. We believe out algorithm will find practical use in applications that require fast previews of complex animation.
Estimates of the autocorrelations and spectra of seasonal mean temperatures over North America

Abstract Lag one-year autocorrelations and spectra for summer and winter seasons are estimated from 64-Year time series at 87 North American stations. Linear trends are first removed from the data to eliminate the effects of very long-period (longer than 64 years) variations. Summer season temperatures appear to have more year-to-year correlation and “redder” spectra than those of winter seasons. High correlations and red spectra are not necessarily found more frequently at near-ocean stations than at interior stations. Excepting variance near the quasi-biennial period, which is not judged because of its proximity to the folding frequency, no spectral “peaks” are found. Because of their differing autocorrelations and spectra it is concluded that evidence for potential long-range (more than two but less than 32 years) predictability is greater in summer than in winter, and that this is due, at least in part, to less natural variability or climatic noise in summer than in winter.
Beetle Taphonomy in a Recent Ephemeral Lake, Southeastern Arizona

Abstract A comparison of the taxonomic composition, relative abundance, diet, feeding habitat, and size of live and dead insects was conducted in Willcox Playa, an ephemeral lake in southeastern Arizona. Death assemblages of beetles, the most abundant group of insects in this study, are preserved in the shallow, subsurface sediments along the shoreline of the lake. Fifty-six percent of the living beetle families and twenty-eight percent of the living beetle genera were found in the sediments; one-hundred percent of the families and ninety-one percent of the genera found dead were also present in the live fauna. Relative abundances of beetle families in the live assemblage are significantly different than relative abundances in the death assemblage. Among diet and habitat groups, necrophagous and ground-dwelling beetles are over-represented in the death assemblage, while wood-inhabitants and aquatics are under-represented. The death assemblage contains a greater proportion of smaller, more robust beetles. ...
The Department of Energy’s Oil and Gas Environmental Research and Analysis Program: Balancing the Needs of a Growing Economy and a Healthy Environment

Abstract Our nation needs a reliable domestic supply of oil and natural gas. At the same time, protecting the environment is vital to the health and well-being of current and future generations. Environmental regulations have raised the cost of oil and gas exploration and production and have limited access to new resources. Future regulations will likely increase costs further, which in turn could accelerate the decline in U.S. oil production and limit the availability of natural gas, resulting in fewer fobs and tax revenues. The Department of Energy is working with industry and government, using the best information and science available, to find new ways to address our nation’s environmental concerns and maximize the recovery of domestic oil and gas resources by reducing the costs of effective environmental protection.
High-order regularization for stereo color editing

This paper pioneers a method for local color editing on stereo image pairs. We generalize the conventional edit propagation framework to stereo views by introducing recent advances in the field of image segmentation, thus allowing a user's edits in one view to be simultaneously performed in the other view. This new formulation maintains consistent editing quality in both views and avoids singularities by solving a well regularized linear system for edit propagation.
Abstract 747: Tumor vaccine adjuvant effect of TLR7 agonist Imiquimod is limited by inducing immusuppressive cells

Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are immune stimulators and have been studied as potential vaccine adjuvants with great interest. We evaluated the adjuvant effects of the TLR7 agonist imiquimod as compared to GM-CSF, which is widely used as a vaccine adjuvant in clinical trials. We found that both topical imiquimod and intradermal GM-CSF effectively induced the accumulation and activation of dentritic cells in draining lymph nodes and equally enhanced OVA specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in an OVA-tg mouse model. We further evaluated the efficacy of tumor prevention of imiquimod and GM-CSF in a neu-transgenic (neu-tg) mouse model of human breast cancer which over-expresses both neu and IGFBP2 tumor associated antigens. The neu-tg mice were immunized with a vaccine composed of three immunogenic IGFBP2 peptides prior to being inoculated with syngeneic MMC tumor cells. The tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the groups which received GM-CSF as an adjuvant, but not in imiquimod-treated groups. We questioned whether imiquimod induces immune suppression in response to tumor associated antigens and assessed the frequencies of myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC) and T regulatory cells (Treg) in the splenocytes after three immunizations. We found that both CD11c+GR1+ MDSC and CD4+FOXP3+Treg cells were significantly increased in imiquimod-treated mice, but did not increase in GM-CSF-treated group. Serum levels of IL-10 were also significantly increased in imiquimod-treated, but not in GM-CSF-treated group. IFN-gamma secretion in response to IGFBP2 antigen, on the contrary, was remarkably enhanced in the GM-CSF-treated mice, but not in the imiquimod-treated mice as tested by an IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay. Thus, the TLR7 agonist imiquimod, as a vaccine adjuvant did not achieve a protective effect on breast cancer growth. The limited anti-tumor effect observed is associated with elevated levels of immunosuppressive MDSC and Treg cells. These results may have significant implications in the future development of imiquimod as a vaccine adjuvant. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 747. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-747
Beyond alphabet soup: helping college health professionals understand sexual fluidity

Many college students today are no longer using the terms straight, gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender to self-identify their sexual orientation or gender identity. This commentary explores research related to fluidity of sexual identities, emerging sexual identities used by college students, and how these identities interact with the health and well-being of the student. Additionally, the authors discuss strategies to help college health professionals provide a sensitive environment and clinical experience for students whose sexual identity is fluid.
Energy-saving updating analysis for water-circulating pumps of thermal power plants

By analyzing the volume of circulating water in turbine power generators in different seasons and under different operating loads in the case of a typical example, a comparative analysis has been made with different water circulating pump updating schemes, and a dual-speed control energy-saving updating scheme is therefore suggested for water-circulating pumps. The technical economy of the dual-speed energy-saving updating of water circulating pumps is discussed from the fact that there are different prices for the same energy conversion at different power plants.
Fine-needle aspiration cytology and core biopsy of nonpalpable breast lesions

Interest in fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) and core biopsy of nonpalpable breast lesions as an alternative to surgical biopsy has increased during the past year. The most accurate results have been reported with large-core needle biopsy using a dedicated prone stereotactic unit and stereotactic FNA biopsy obtained with an onsite cytopathologist determining sample adequacy. Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy using either FNA or core is another important technique. Questions remain concerning 1) the accuracy of FNA and core compared to surgical biopsy; 2) the efficacy of needle guidance by a mammographic add-on upright unit, dedicated prone table, or ultrasound; and 3) the lesions best suited for various biopsy techniques. Currently these nonsurgical biopsy methods are most appropriately used in conjunction with mammographic-histologic or cytologic correlation and a careful clinical management plan.
Mortality Prediction in the ICU

This case study describes how to construct mortality prediction models using typical clinical data available in MIMIC-II. Several predictive models are utilized and compared.
Isolation of cDNA clones encoding the 80-kd subunit protein of the human autoantigen Ku (p70/p80) by antisera raised against ciliary processes of human eye donors.

Purpose. To isolate and characterize human nonpigmented ocular ciliary epithelial cDNA clones by screening a cDNA library constructed from the established human nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cell line (ODM-2) with sera raised against ciliary processes of human eye donors (cadavers). Methods. An ODM-2 cDNA expression library in MJni-ZAP-XR vector was screened with sera of mouse anti-human ciliary processes. The cDNA inserts from plaque-purified clones were sequenced by the dideoxy-chain termination method with T3 and T7 polymerase. Sera were assayed by Western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence and were then compared with sera, enriched in anti-Ku antibodies, collected from patients widi scleroderma polymyositis overlap syndrome. Results. Immunoscreening of 2.5 X 10 5 independent clones with sera induced experimentally in total tissue homogenates of human ciliary processes led to the isolation of four cDNApositive clones. Three clones, designated Al, Dl, and D3 and containing inserts measuring 1.4 kb to 1.8 kb, were found to be identical in DNA sequence analysis to that of the 80-kd subunit protein of the human autoantigen Ku (p70/p80). The fourth clone, designated D2, failed to show any significant similarity with previously known genes. Cell extracts from human ciliary processes and ODM-2 cells were analyzed by immunoblotting with anti-human ciliary process sera. The pattern of proteins immunodetected was compared with the profile of proteins immunodetected with human anti-Ku sera from a patient with scleroderma polymyositis overlap syndrome. These results demonstrated that sera from anti-human ciliary processes recognize a variety of antigens in ODM-2 cells and are strikingly rich in antibodies to the 80kd subunit protein of Ku (p70/p80). Furthermore, indirect immunofluorescence analysis supported the observation that anti-human ciliary processes sera labeled nuclear antigens in a human ciliary epithelium cell line and cross species in bovine ciliary epithelial cell, thus demonstrating the nuclear localization of Ku antigen. The mRNA in the human eye was found to be widely expressed in all tested ocular tissues and in ODM-2 cells. Conclusions. The ocular ciliary epithelium induces a species-specific immune response in xenogenic animals. In particular, the human ciliary epithelium elicits a strong immune recognition of the 80-kd subunit protein of the human autoantigen Ku (p70/p80) in ODM-2 cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994; 35:4023-4030.
COMBREX Seeks To Bridge Genomics-Protein Function Data Gap: Reducing the gap between sequence data and information about protein functions will help in characterizing microbial diversity

How is genomics like an old episode of the long-running television series, I Love Lucy? Picture Lucy and her neighbor Ethel in a candy factory doing their best to wrap chocolates as the machinery churns out an endless stream of bonbons on a conveyor belt. They struggle to keep up with the candy output, but soon fall further and further behind, stuffing candies into their mouths and clothes at an increasingly frantic pace.
Nocturnal home oximetry was a sensitive but not specific test for identifying patients with the sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome

Source Citation Series F, Marc I, Cormier Y, La Forge J. Utility of nocturnal home oximetry for case finding in patients with suspected sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1993 Sep 15;11...
The Impact of Safety Plans in an Outpatient Clinic.

Abstract. Background: Safety plans are recommended as tools to mitigate suicide risk; however, their effectiveness remains unclear. Aim: To evaluate the impact of safety plans on patient care at an outpatient mental health clinic. Method: In this retrospective chart review, patients' treatment engagement, health-care utilization, and risk behaviors were measured. Patients served as their own historical controls, and we compared outcomes in the 6 months before and 6 months after creation of safety plans. Results: In all, 48 patient charts were identified. Hospitalizations were significantly reduced and use of crisis calls significantly increased after implementation of safety plans. There were five suicide attempts before safety plan completion and one after, representing a trend toward statistical significance. Outpatient encounters increased by 18%, missed appointments increased by 34%, psychiatric emergency room visits decreased by 47%, and a 69% reduction in inpatient hospital days was observed, all tr...
Reoperation on the Aortic Arch

In previous chapters, Doctors Pettersson and Sundt described reoperation techniques in patients exhibiting complex pathologies, such as root and ascending involvement. In this chapter, various approaches will be discussed for repairing the aortic arch (Ann Thorac Surg 78: 1274–84, 2004; Ann Thorac Surg 74: 2040–6, 2002; Ann Thorac Surg 78: 2099–105, 2004; Ann Thorac Surg 78: 109–16, 2004; Ann Thorac Surg 71: 1905–12, 2001). Based on our experience, when possible, we use axillary/subclavian cannulation with a side graft for patients undergoing reoperation on the aortic arch (Ann Thorac Surg 78: 1274–84, 2004). This includes femoral vein cannulation with the cannula being fed upward into the right atrium while using transesophageal echocardiography for positioning. We recommend this because of the lower risk of stroke with deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest, and this procedure also offers the ability to both perfuse the innominate artery and run antegrade brain perfusion. Next, the patient is placed on-pump, and cooling is begun immediately as the chest is being opened. As discussed in a previous chapter, if the patient has severe aortic valve regurgitation, further plans have to be instigated to deal with this problem.
Natural history of disease activity and damage in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus

Background Long-term studies characterizing disease course of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) patients on standard-of-care treatments are lacking. Objective We characterized and compared disease course of CLE patients using Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI). Methods In total, 83 CLE patients with CLASI scores collected from ≥3 study visits within 2 years had disease activity and damage trends calculated by average change scores (ACS). Trends were classified as improved (ACS ≤−3), worsened (ACS ≥3), or stable (–3 Results Most patients (72.73%) with initial CLASI activity (CLASI-A) scores >9 (N = 33) had improved disease activity versus 14.00% of those with initial CLASI-A scores ≤9 (N = 50). Linear regression analyses showed significant improvement in CLASI-A scores in patients of minority races (P 9 (P Limitations Limitations include small sample size. Conclusion Baseline CLASI-A score >9, minority race, and short disease duration predict CLE disease activity improvement. A baseline CLASI-D score ≥10 is associated with disease damage improvement.
The “Tight Brain”: Cerebral Herniation Syndrome

“Tight brain” is a euphemistic reference to elevation in intracranial pressure (ICP) caused by expansion in the intracranial volume beyond its ability to compensate. This can be seen in patients with mass lesions or acute trauma during a craniotomy when acute changes in neurophysiology cause increased brain swelling and in the intensive care unit. Treatment rests on understanding the physiology of the intracranial compartments.
Walking in Roman Culture

Walking served as an occasion for the display of power and status in ancient Rome, where great men paraded with their entourages through city streets and elite villa owners strolled with friends in private colonnades and gardens. In this book-length treatment of the culture of walking in ancient Rome, Timothy O'Sullivan explores the careful attention which Romans paid to the way they moved through their society. He employs a wide range of literary, artistic and architectural evidence to reveal the crucial role that walking played in the performance of social status, the discourse of the body and the representation of space. By examining how Roman authors depict walking, this book sheds new light on the Romans themselves - not only how they perceived themselves and their experience of the world, but also how they drew distinctions between work and play, mind and body, and Republic and Empire.
Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has estimated that approximately 750,000 chemicals are now in use in homes, industry, and agriculture. This does not include pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and food additives, nor the estimated 1,500 different ingredients used in pesticides (Geyer et al. 1986).
Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis by Non-coding RNAs: Implications for Substance Use Disorders

The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)has been one of the central findings from early genomic sequencing studies. Not only was the presence of these genes unknown previously, it was the staggering disproportionate share of the genome that was predicted to be encoded by ncRNAs that was truly significant in genomic research. Over the years the function of various classes of these ncRNAs has been revealed. One of the first and enduring regulatory programs associated with these factors was development. In the neurosciences, the discovery of adult derived populations of dividing cells within the brain was equally substantial. The brain was hypothesized to be plastic only in its neuronal connectivity, but the discovery of the generation of new neurons was a novel mechanism of neuronal and behavioral plasticity. The process of adult neurogenesis resembles early neuronal development and has been found to share many parallels in the proper stages of specified genetic programs. Adult neurogenesis has also been found to play a role in learning and memory involved in particular hippocampal-dependent behaviors. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are an example of a behavioral condition that is associated with and possibly driven by hippocampal alterations. Our laboratory has determined that hippocampal adult neurogenesis is necessary for a rodent model of methamphetamine relapse. Due to the previous research on ncRNAs in development and in other brain regions involved in SUDs, we posit that ncRNAs may play a role in adult neurogenesis associated with this disorder. This review will cover the regulatory mechanisms of various classes of ncRNAs on the coordinated genetic program associated with adult neurogenesis with a special focus on how these programs could be dysregulated in SUDs.
High power density two-phase cooling in microchannel heat exchangers

Abstract This paper reports two-phase cooling in compact cross-flow microchannel heat exchangers with high power density up to 180 W/cm3. The performance is enabled by high-speed air flow through microchannels and two-phase condensation of refrigerant R245fa. The heat exchangers were realized in 1 cm3 blocks of copper alloy, using micro-electrical-discharging machining. Two heat exchanger designs were analyzed, fabricated, and tested. The first device has 150 air-side channels of diameter 520 μm, and the second device has 300 air-side channels of diameter 355 μm. In both cases the refrigerant channels are 2.0 × 0.5 mm2. The heat exchangers were operated with Reynolds number between 7500 and 20,500 for the air flow and with mass flux between 330 and 750 kg/m2 s for the refrigerant flow. The refrigerant temperature at the channel entrance was 80 °C, which is near the maximum operating temperature for some electronic devices. For comparison purposes, the devices were also tested with single-phase refrigerant flows. This work demonstrates the potential of high power density heat exchangers that leverage advanced manufacturing technologies to fabricate miniature channels.
The Validation of a Provider-Reported Fidelity Measure for the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention in a Community Mental Health Setting.

Abstract Monitoring treatment fidelity is essential to check if patients receive adequate doses of treatment and to enhance our theoretical understanding of how psychosocial treatments work. Developing valid and efficient measures to assess fidelity is a priority for dissemination and implementation efforts. The present study reports on the psychometric properties of the Provider-Rated TranS-C Checklist—a provider-reported fidelity measure for the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention (TranS-C). Adults with severe mental illness (SMI; N = 101) seeking treatment in a community mental health setting received eight sessions of TranS-C. Therapists completed the Provider-Rated TranS-C Checklist at the end of each treatment session (N = 808) to indicate which modules they delivered during that session. To assess convergent validity, independent raters scored modules delivered from audio recordings of a subset of sessions (n = 257) for the modules delivered using the Independent-Rater TranS-C Checklist. Using exploratory factor analysis, a unidimensional scale composed of TranS-C’s modules was identified. Provider-Rated TranS-C Checklist scores were positively associated with the Independent-Rater TranS-C Checklist scores demonstrating convergent validity. Results indicate that the Provider-Rated TranS-C Checklist yields reliable and valid scores of providers’ delivery of TranS-C.
Serotonin type-3 receptors differentially modulate anxiety and aggression during withdrawal from adolescent anabolic steroid exposure

Abstract Male Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) administered anabolic/androgenic steroids during adolescent development display increased aggression and decreased anxious behavior during the adolescent exposure period. Upon withdrawal from anabolic/androgenic steroids, this neurobehavioral relationship shifts and hamsters exhibit decreased aggression and increased anxious behavior. This study investigated the hypothesis that alterations in anterior hypothalamic signaling through serotonin type-3 receptors modulate the behavioral shift between adolescent anabolic/androgenic steroid-induced aggressive and anxious behaviors during the withdrawal period. To test this, hamsters were administered anabolic/androgenic steroids during adolescence then withdrawn from drug exposure for 21 days and tested for aggressive and anxious behaviors following direct pharmacological manipulation of serotonin type-3 receptor signaling within the latero-anterior hypothalamus. Blockade of latero-anterior hypothalamic serotonin type-3 receptors both increased aggression and decreased anxious behavior in steroid-treated hamsters, effectively reversing the pattern of behavioral responding normally observed during anabolic/androgenic steroid withdrawal. These findings suggest that the state of serotonin neural signaling within the latero-anterior hypothalamus plays an important role in behavioral shifting between aggressive and anxious behaviors following adolescent exposure to anabolic/androgenic steroids.
Vivência Negra: Black Lesbians Affective Experiences in Brazilian Gynecology

In Salvador-Bahia, many Black lesbians are deeply concerned about how gynecologists dismiss or demean their sexuality, which often leads to prolonged lapses in gynecological care. Black lesbians who identify as virgins in particular are confronted with challenges that reveal entrenched normativity within the gynecological clinic. In this article, I examine Black lesbian virginity as a site of vivencia Negra (Black woman's existence or lived experience) during the gynecological encounter. In response to such encounters, Black lesbians assess their inhumane treatment by way of anti-racist knowledge production. The resulting anti-racist evaluations serve to identify and decenter white heteronormativity in gynecology.
Flexible organic light-emitting diodes with efficiency improvement by dielectric-metal-dielectric anode

Flexible displays and lightings have attracted tremendous attention recently. However, conventional organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with ITO cannot meet market needs due to its poor flexibility. There have been efforts on developing a variety of flexible transparent conductors (FTCs), such as metal mesh, Ag nanowires, conducting oxides, thin metals, two-dimensional materials [1]. While many issues due to stability and reliability were addressed in most of the FTCs, dielectric-metal-dielectric (DMD) films have been considered the most promising FTCs due to its high stability, flexibility, uniformity, and uniform charge injection for future large-area flexible display and lightings [2]. Recently, we developed ITO-based DMDs fabricated by ITO/CuAg/ITO stacks, which are highly flexible, stable, and conductive with good uniformity over a large area [3]. Also, this DMD shows very high transmittance over the entire visible wavelength range, while it suppresses significant amount of UV and infrared light. Therefore, we used this DMD-based FTC into conventional OLEDs, and observed that the ITO-based DMD is not only compatible with high efficiency OLEDs, but also helps to increase efficiency and flexibility of OLEDs.
Decentralized cooperative optimization method to enhance discharging efficiency of distributed energy storage system

A decentralized cooperative optimization method is proposed in this study to improve discharging efficiencies of distributed energy storage systems (DESSs) in a smart distribution network (SDN). The proposed method achieves global information or control coordination only through local information interaction between neighbour agents without centralized agents. It is accomplished by using the improved consensus-based information discovery and pinning algorithm of multi-agent system (MAS), which obviates the need for a central controller. Meanwhile, the proposed method coordinates DESSs and the corresponding discharging efficiencies using associated marginal costs in a decentralize way, that can maximum the discharging efficiency while reducing local power mismatch in a SDN. Representative simulation cases are carried on to verify the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed approach.
Discrepancies between Postdisaster Relocation Policy and Implementation in the Philippines

AbstractIt is common for recovery policies to be crafted following disasters, such as the relocation of exposed populations, but it is rare for policy intent to be fully realized. Although critique...
Notes on a saddle point reformulation of mixed variational problems

Abstract We summarize some general ideas regarding approximation of mixed variational problems using saddle point reformulation. We consider the concepts of optimal and almost optimal (or α ) test norm and provide estimates for the continuity and stability constants. A preconditioning strategy for solving the discrete mixed formulations is used in combination with the special test norms. We further provide a choice for a discrete trial space, that depends on the choice of a standard test space and leads to discrete stability, when using the appropriate test norm. Examples to illustrate how the stability of the saddle point discretization can be improved using special test norms are included.
Self-Synchronized Class E Resonant Rectifier with Direct Voltage Detection Method

This paper presents a high-frequency self-synchronized class E resonant rectifier for a wireless power transfer (WPT) system using a direct voltage detection method. Synchronous rectification increases the efficiency of the WPT system by replacing diodes into switching devices such as MOSFETs. However, in the high-frequency, mid-range WPT system, it is challenging to carry the gate signal from the transmitting side to the synchronous rectifier. In order to overcome this issue, we propose the self-synchronized rectifier without the gate signal from the inverter. The direct voltage detection method synchronizes the gate signal by sensing the input voltage of the L-C resonant filter. Even though a gate driver and a comparator have a 10 ns total propagation delay, the leading phase of the sensing voltage offsets the driver’s propagation delay. In the experiments, the proposed rectifier was connected to a class E resonant inverter operating at 13.56 MHz. At an output power of 244 W and a frequency of 13.56 MHz, the total power conversion efficiency of the DC-DC converter is 88.59%.
Estimating Attack Risk of Network Activities in Temporal Domain: A Wavelet Transform Approach

Analyzing network traffic data to detect suspicious network activities requires tremendous efforts because of continuously changing network traffic patterns and intrusion scenarios. Numerous research has been devoted to the task of identifying network anomalies while maintaining excellent performances. However, most studies focus on identifying network attacks without considering their temporal domain. Time information is useful for discovering patterns in network activities and understanding the changes in network traffic over time. This paper introduces an approach to discover network traffic patterns with time series analysis to estimate the level of attack risks. Classification is performed with machine learning techniques to assess the estimated attack risks. Findings from this study can increase the capability to detect network intrusions by analyzing the behaviors of temporal data and estimating their attack risks.