cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Social Support, Conflict, Major Life Stressors, and Adaptive Coping Strategies in Latino Middle School Students: An Integrative Model

Structural equation modeling techniques were used to test a conceptual framework for improved understanding of the relationships involved in adolescent risk and protective factors. Specifically, the model examined the direct and indirect associations, via adaptive coping strategies, that acute life stressors and contextual support and conflict have with psychological adjustment (internalizing and externalizing symptoms) and school competencies (GPA, classroom-conduct scores, and peer ratings of social competence). Participants were 304 inner-city Latino 6th- and 7th-grade middle school students (133 boys, 171 girls). Results found both acute stressors and social conflict to be positively associated with psychological symptomatology and negatively associated with school competencies.In addition, both social support and adaptive coping strategies were negatively associated with symptomatology; social support was positively associated with school competencies. Moreover, support and conflict were associated w...
Immunochemical characterization of the multimolecular forms of squid ink gland tyrosinase

Sur le plan immunochimique, la tyrosinase de la poche a encre du CalmarLoligo pealii n'est pas apparentee a la tyrosinase isolee des melanomes humains ou des melanomes de la souris. Trois formes moleculaires de cet enzyme ont ete separees par immunoelectrophorese.
A note on contraction numbers for additive correction methods

Abstract A generic contraction number is derived for the error of a class of additive correction methods based on orthogonal projection. The only assumption on the range space of the projector is that it contain the residual of the initial approximation.
Improvement of the elastic modulus of micromachined structures using carbon nanotubes

It has been shown that the addition of single walled carbon anotubes (SWNTs) cause an increase in the resonance frequency of micromachined clamped-clamped structures. This is believed to be due to an increase in the effective stiffness of the micromachined structures due to the high Young's modulus of carbon nanotubes. These results were obtained in spite of a relatively poor control over the orientation and aerial density of the deposited SWNTs. Finite element simulations showed an increase in the resonance frequency of up to ~25% for the simulated devices. This increase in the resonance frequency of the bridges can be attributed to the high Young's modulus (~1TPa) of the carbon nanotubes.
Study of the (p, np̃) reaction on the isotopes of tin

Abstract The cross sections for the (p, np) reaction, where the isobaric analogue state excited in the (p, n) charge exchange reaction decays by proton (p) emission, have been measured for the ten stable isotopes of tin. These cross sections show effects due to the neutron decay channel, decay kinematics, and the nuclear structure of the target ground state.
On the stability of a class of noncooperative games

Abstract The Nash equilibrium of a class of games generated from a market is examined. Demands are assumed linear, and production constraints are imposed. The equilibrium is shown to be solvable as a complementarity problem. If the demand matrix is a positive definite symmetric z -matrix, then the Nash equilibrium is stable. If the demand matrix is not symmetric, an additional condition yielding stability is developed.
Comparative specific gravities of normal and tumor tissues.

Summary1. The specific gravity of tumor and normal tissues of mice and rats was determined by flotation in sodium chloride solutions of known concentrations.2. The density of tumor tissue was always less than that of heart, liver, spleen, kidney, and muscle of the host.3. Several human tumors were tested and exhibited the same property.
The Spanish Version of the Draw-A-Person Questionnaire (DAPQ)

The present study evaluates the discriminating ability and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Draw-A-Person Questionnaire (DAPQ). The DAPQ is an instrument that uses both free-response and fixed-response methodologies and has been recently translated into Spanish. A group of 60 psychiatric patients of Latin American origin is compared to a sample of matched Latino comparison participants. Participants are closely matched by gender, age, education level, and perceived ethnic identification. The results on the Spanish version of the DAPQ are similar to those of the English version. The Spanish DAPQ is able to differentiate psychiatric inpatients from a normal comparison group. The psychiatric group has significantly more negative scores and more socially undesirable answers when describing their figures than the matched sample does.
NMR Study of Phase Transitions in Rochelle Salt

Spontaneous polarization measurement of ferroelectric Rochelle salt near Curie point, using nuclear magnetic resonance for phase transitions
The asymptotic distribution of the diameter of a random mapping

The asymptotic distribution of the diameter of the digraph of a uniformly distributed random mapping of an n-element set to itself is represented as the distribution of a functional of a reflecting Brownian bridge. This yields a formula for the Mellin transform of the asymptotic distribution, generalizing the evaluation of its mean by Flajolet and Odlyzko (1990). The methodology should be applicable to other characteristics of random mappings. To cite this article: D. Aldous, J. Pitman, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 334 (2002) 1021–1024.
Understanding Long-Term Diffusion Dynamics in the Prevalence of Adolescent Sexual Initiation: A First Investigation Using Agent-Based Modeling

Time-trends in the prevalence of adolescent sexual initiation exhibit periods of increase, decrease and equilibrium. We attempted to explain, in mechanistic terms, how such dynamics arise by developing an Agent-Based Model. The model assumes that sexual initiation diffuses socially both within and across cohorts. The model behavior matched, qualitatively, the empirical time-trends. The impact of two intervention strategies suggested that the age at which an intervention is implemented effected system behavior as did the choice of which specific subpopulation was targeted. Suggestions for how computational models might be used to explore research questions in developmental science were discussed.
Adapting traditional breakeven analysis to modern production economics: Simultaneously modeling economies of scale and scope

Abstract Although sophisticated models exists for the justification of advanced manufacturing technologies, practitioners often rely on simple tools, such as cost volume breakeven analysis (CVBA), to make initial comparisons between equipment alternatives. In the case of expensive automation technologies this initial comparisons may be followed by further attempts, using more sophisticated models, to define the costs and benefits of the alternatives remaining after CVBA. Ultimately, a leap of faith based upon some “intangible” benefits may underlie the actual adoption of new manufacturing technology (NMT). Finally, the implementation process determines the actual costs incurred and benefits derived from NMT. In this paper, we provide a historical perspective and show that CVBA is inadequate in the context of the process of justification for modern automation technologies. We also introduce an alternative to CVBA, cost volume flexibility breakeven analysis (CVFBA) and use examples to demonstrate its usefulness, particularly in the context of modern manufacturing technologies. CVFBA provides an approach which allows both economies of scale and economies of scope to be considered in initial comparisons between equipment alternatives. It may be applied at various levels of the managerial decision hierarchy.
Procedural Display and Classroom Lessons

ABSTRACTBased on the microethnographic analysis of classroom lessons and on the application of cultural anthropology theory to classroom education, we argue that classroom lessons need to be understood as procedural display. Procedural display is display by teacher and students to each other of a set of interactional procedures which themselves count as doing a lesson. We argue that procedural display is not the same as nor necessarily related to the acquisition of intended academic or nonacademic content or skills. We further argue that acknowledgment of procedural display calls into question recent process-product research and effectiveness studies, among others. We argue that theoretical models of how classrooms work need to accommodate classroom lessons as procedural display.
An electron diffraction study of the structure of silicon (100)

Abstract The (100) surface of silicon has been studied by low-energy electron diffraction and a preferred model of its atomic arrangement is proposed. A clean, well ordered, and reproducible surface was prepared by repeated heating to 1250°C, annealing at 900°C, and cooling at less than l° C sec . This surface is reconstructed from the bulk structure and has a c(4 × 2) unit mesh. The diffracted intensity consists of the Bragg maxima expected from the bulk and secondary peaks whose properties suggest they are due to the diffraction from the reconstructed selvedge. The data are averaged at constant momentum transfer to extract the quasikinematic intensity. The magnitude and width of the secondary structure suggest the selvedge extends three to five atomic layers into the material. No previously proposed model of the surface is consistent with the data. A model which gives a reasonable fit to the data has alternate rows of atoms in each of the outermost two planes removed, which exposes small facets of (111) surface. Then, atoms in the third layer are displaced — half moving to the plane of their back-bonding neighbors and the other half making orthogonal back bonds. Additionally, there are outward displacements of atoms in the first two layers. The proposed model can be rationalized by arguments due to W.A. Harrison in which rehybridization is the major contribution to the energy of the reconstruction.
Heel Lipoma Mimicking Plantar Fasciitis in a Ballroom Dancer

The present case illustrates a lipoma as an unusual cause of heel pain. A 64-year-old female ballroom dancer presented with 8 months of pain that was unresponsive to previous treatment of plantar fasciitis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a heel lipoma. Her pain was fully resolved after surgical excision. Soft tissue tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis of heel pain, especially when symptoms and treatment response do not follow the typical course of plantar fasciitis.
Local application of gentamicin-containing collagen implant in the prophylaxis and treatment of surgical site infection following vascular surgery

Abstract Background The development of surgical site infection (SSI) following vascular surgery is an important issue for healthcare providers as it has serious implications for both patient morbidity and mortality. Methods Five publications were identified using the PubMed online database and search terms ‘gentamicin-containing collagen implant' plus ‘surgical site infection', ‘wound infection' and ‘vascular surgery'. Results The reviewed publications demonstrated that prophylactic use of GCCI in conjunction with standard treatment reduces the SSI rate in patients operated on for femeropopliteal bypass grafting. The prophylactic use of GCCI may also have a role to play in patients at high-risk of infection (e.g. in those with co-morbidities such as obesity) and in high-risk procedures (e.g. surgical revision to correct anastomotic aneurysm or dehiscence). GCCI in conjunction with systemic antibiotics may also be effective in the treatment of wound infections of the groin following vascular reconstruction. Conclusion This review demonstrates that GCCI have a role to play in preventing and treating SSI following vascular reconstruction when used in conjunction with standard treatment approaches. Additional randomised, controlled studies are required to further establish the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of GCCI in vascular surgery.
The Public Administrator as Hero

This article uses the framework of "the hero's journey" to analyze the experiences of administrators who have helped to revitalize the public sector. The administrators discussed are not famous people. They are professionals who have gone beyond the boundary of routine public sector experience and achievement. The stages of their journeys —the call to adventure, the ordeal, and the return can be used to interpret and guide behavior of other public administrators.
Indian Dental Education in the New Millennium: Challenges and Opportunities

India is poised to be a leader in the global economy in this century. Its population of more than 1.1 billion, however, will challenge both the medical and oral health care systems. The current status of dental education in India has some serious challenges that will need to be modified to be able to produce leaders in the field of dentistry to address these burgeoning needs. Dental students in India are trained to excel theoretically, but there seems to be a disconnect between what is learned and what is applied in the clinics. In the real world, when dealing with patients, problem-solving skills and practical knowledge are necessary. Some of the changes that might bring dental education to the next level in India could include selecting highly motivated students for dentistry, modifying the teaching methodology with some importance given to treatment planning, and introducing research into the curriculum. Changing the current attitude of the faculty, students, and the general population towards dental education is another factor important in the successful transformation. The aim of this article is to discuss these issues in preparing the Indian dental workforce for the challenges of India's growing economy and population.
Compile-time estimation of communication costs on multicomputers

An important problem facing numerous research projects on parallelizing compilers for distributed memory machines is that of automatically determining a suitable data partitioning scheme for a program. Any strategy for automatic data partitioning needs a mechanism for estimating the performance of a program under a given partitioning scheme, the most crucial part of which involves determining the communication costs incurred by the program. The authors describe a methodology for statically estimating the communication times as certain functions of the array sizes and the numbers of processors over which various arrays used are distributed. This work also lays down a framework for effective synthesis of communication on multicomputers from sequential program references. >
Analysis and Synthesis of Coupled Vibrating Strings Using a Hybrid Modal-Waveguide Synthesis Model

The linear coupling of two strings or of a single string vibrating in two orthogonal polarizations leads to two observable phenomena: two-stage decay and beating. In this paper, we present methods for accurately measuring and modeling the lower partials of a recorded guitar tone, where coupling effects are most audible. These estimated parameters are then used for accurate resynthesis in a hybrid modal/waveguide model. We make use of the fact that two-stage decay occurs in analyzed tones to allow direct measurement of sinusoidal decay rates. A traditional iterative optimization algorithm is explored and found to be most effective in the special case when only beating occurs. Sound examples are provided on the Web.
Heavy Ozone Enrichments from ATMOS Infrared Solar Spectra

Vertical enrichment profiles of stratospheric ^(16)O^(16)O^(18)O and ^(16)O^(18)O^(16)O (hereafter referred to as ^(668)O_3 and ^(686)O_3 respectively) have been derived from space-based solar occultation spectra recorded at 0.01 cm^(−1) resolution by the ATMOS (Atmospheric Trace MOlecule Spectroscopy) Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The observations, made during the Spacelab 3 and ATLAS-1, -2, and -3 shuttle missions, cover polar, mid-latitude and tropical regions between 26 to 2.6 mb inclusive (≈ 25 to 41 km). Average enrichments, weighted by molecular ^(48)O_3 density, of (15±6)% were found for ^(668)O_3 and (10±7)% for ^(686)O_3. Defining the mixing ratio of ^(50)O_3 as the sum of those for ^(668)O_3 and ^(686)O_3, an enrichment of (13±5)% was found for ^(50)O_3 (1σ standard deviation). No latitudinal or vertical gradients were found outside this standard deviation. From a series of ground-based measurements by the ATMOS instrument at Table Mountain, California (34.4°N), an average total column ^(668)O_3 enrichment of (17±4)% (1σ standard deviation) was determined, with no significant seasonal variation discernable. Possible biases in the spectral intensities that affect the determination of absolute enrichments are discussed.
3D optical coherence tomography (OCT) — An investigation of intimal-medial thickness (IMT) and Wall Shear Stress (WSS) in a patient's coronary artery

Current OCT presents only two-dimensional (2D) slices, which limit the spatial information available. We have developed three-dimensional (3D) OCT methodology by combining OCT with biplane angiography, allowing reconstruction of a realistic lumen of coronary arteries with higher local resolution than by other methods, e.g. intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Intimal-medial thickening (IMT) in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery of a patient were investigated by OCT and IVUS. An inverse relationship between WSS obtained through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and IMT as determined from the intravascular imaging techniques was found. The relationship is consistent with previous results from autopsy studies.
Gonadal Expression of Foxo1, but Not Foxo3, Is Conserved in Diverse Mammalian Species

The Foxos are key effectors of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and regulate diverse physiologic processes. Two of these factors, Foxo1 and Foxo3, serve specific roles in reproduction in the mouse. Foxo3 is required for suppression of primordial follicle activation in females, while Foxo1 regulates spermatogonial stem cell maintenance in males. In the mouse ovary, Foxo1 is highly expressed in somatic cells (but not in oocytes), suggesting an important functional role for Foxo1 in these cells. Given that invertebrate model species such as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster harbor a single ancestral Foxo homolog, these observations suggest that gene duplication conferred a selective advantage by permitting the Foxos to adopt distinct roles in oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Our objective was to determine if the remarkably specific expression patterns of Foxo1 and Foxo3 in mouse gonads (and, by inference, Foxo function) are conserved in diverse mammalian species. Western blotting was used to validate isoform-specific antibodies in rodents, companion animals, farm animals, nonhuman primates, and humans. Following validation of each antibody, immunohistochemistry was performed to ascertain Foxo1 and Foxo3 gonadal expression patterns. While Foxo1 expression in spermatogonia and granulosa cells was conserved in each species evaluated, Foxo3 expression in oocytes was not. Our findings suggest that Foxo3 is not uniquely required for primordial follicle maintenance in nonrodent species and that other Foxos, particularly Foxo1, may contribute to oocyte maintenance in a functionally redundant manner.
Diastereoselective induction in radical coupling reactions: photolysis of 2,4-diphenylpentan-3-ones adsorbed on faujasite zeolites

Abstract The photochemistry of d, l and meso isomers of 2,4-diphenylpentan-3-one (DPP), adsorbed onto various cation-exchanged X and Y faujasites, was investigated. LiY and NaY show greater diastereoselectivity for the formation of the d,l isomer of diphenylbutane over the meso isomer than LiX and NaX. KY displays a significantly attenuated selectivity relative to LiY and NaY. The magnitude of the diastereoselectivity is a function of the substrate configuration and the difference between the magnitude of diastereoselection exhibited by LiY and NaY over LiX and NaX is greater when the substrate is d,l-DPP rather than meso-DPP. All the zeolites studied show substantially more diastereomerization relative to decarbonylation, as measured by the s parameter (vide infra), when compared with other supercage media such as micelles and porous glass. However, substrate configuration is irrelevant when comparing the s parameters. The different cation-exchanged Y zeolites all show similar s parameters, whereas the X zeolites display a non-monotonic behavior with respect to the s parameter and cation size. The stereoselectivities for NaX and NaY are independent of loading and these media display cage effects of 100% for d,l-DPP.
A lambda calculus with forms

The need to use position-dependent parameters often hampers the definition of flexible, extensible, and reusable abstractions for software composition. This observation has led us to explore the concept of forms, which are first-class extensible records and that, in combination with a small set of purely asymmetric operators, provide a core language to address this issue. One interesting application of forms is the definition of contractual specifications to ensure that a component can be safely combined with other components or deployed in a new context. In fact, contractual specifications explicitly and formally state what a component offers without entering into the details of how. In this paper, we develop a formal form-based framework for the definition of contractual specifications. More precisely, we study a substitution-free variant of the lambda-calculus, called $\lambda{\mathcal F}$, where names are replaced with forms and parameter passing is modeled using explicit contexts and show how the $\lambda{\mathcal F}$-calculus can be used to define syntactic contractual specifications.
Remarks on the Real Jacobian Conjecture and Samuelson maps

Abstract A criterion for a Samulson map to be injective and a criterion for such a map to be a global diffeomorphism are established. The criteria are used to clarify some examples of nonpolynomial Samuelson maps with nonzero constant Jacobian determinant that arise from ploynomial and other differentiable mappings of real n -space with nowhere vanishing Jacobian determinant.
Adaptive minimum variance control for linear discrete time systems

An algorithm for adaptive minimum variance control of unknown plants in unknown environments is presented. The derivation of the algorithm is based on the use of least-square techniques. Experimental results show that for stationary plants of known order the adaptive controller converges to the true optimal controller. An algorithm that exhibits exponential forgetting is suggested for use in the non-stationary case and simulations show that the performance of the controller approaches very well the optimal performance.
Polychlorinated biphenyl uptake and transport by lymph and plasma components

The uptake and vascular transport of ingested Aroclor 1242, an isomeric mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), was investigated in experimental animals. High concentrations of ingested PCB were found in the chylomicron fraction of thoracic duct lymph. When the lymph flow was exteriorized PCB were not subsequently found in the vascular circulation. When lymph was not exteriorized plasma PCB concentrations reached maximal levels 6 hr after ingestion. Less than 1% of total plasma PCB was detected in cellular fractions of blood over a 10-hr period following ingestion. Chylomicrons contained 31% of total plasma PCB 30 min after ingestion, decreasing to less than 6% at 4 hr. A maximum of 10% of plasma PCB at 1 hr, and <5% at 6 hr, after ingestion was associated with very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) or low density lipoproteins (LDL). Although PCB enter the vascular circulation with the chylomicron fractions of lymph, delipoproteinated plasma contained 52% of the total PCB in blood collected 30 min after ingestion. This level increased to 78% after 2 hr, and remained constant at about 80% for an additional 8-hr period.
NEGATIVE PRESSURE GENERATED BY OCTOPUS SUCKERS: A STUDY OF THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF WATER IN NATURE

The decrease in hydrostatic pressure generated by octopus suckers adhering to wettable and non-wettable surfaces was measured using a flush-mounted miniature pressure transducer. The cavitation thresholds, or lowest sustainable pressures, of sea water on the same surfaces were also measured and were compared with the pressures generated by octopuses. It is shown that suckers can generate hydrostatic pressures below OMPa on moderately wettable surfaces. This disprovesthe commonly repeated assumption that suckers cannot produce pressures below a vacuum and suggests that the importance of suction in attachment mechanisms may have been overlooked. On epoxy, the lowest recorded pressure was −0.168MPa (0.268MPa or 2.66atm below ambient), and the octopus generated negative pressure in 35% of the pulls that were considered maximal efforts. The suckers never generated negative pressures on non-wettable surfaces. These results are in agreement with the range of pressures that sea water can sustain on the same surfaces. It is suggested, therefore, that cavitation, the failure of water in tension, limits the attachment force of suckers. The difference between the cavitation threshold of water in nature and the cavitation threshold of pure water is discussed.
Spamcraft: an inside look at spam campaign orchestration

Over the last decade, unsolicited bulk email—spam— has evolved dramatically in its volume, its delivery infrastructure and its content. Multiple reports indicate that more than 90% of all email traversing the Internet today is considered spam. This growth is partially driven by a multi-billion dollar anti-spam industry whose dedication to filtering spam in turn requires spammers to recruit botnets to send ever greater volumes to maintain profits. While we all bear witness to this evolution via the contents of our inboxes, far less is understood about the spammer’s viewpoint. In particular, for each spam campaign, spammers must gather and target a particular set of recipients, construct enticing message content, ensure sufficient IP address diversity to evade blacklists, and maintain sufficient content diversity to evade spam filters.
Language-Skill Complementarity in Major Immigrant Groups of the 1990s

While there has been some research into the economic importance of English language skills, little has been done to study differences between immigrant groups. This paper investigates the effects of English ability in Mexican, Chinese, and Soviet immigrants. Data from IPUMS is used to measure returns to language skills and education in each of the three groups. The results confirm the hypothesis that various immigrant groups benefit differently from English language ability. Mexicans generally have much lower language effects than the other two groups. Language-skill complementarity, a hypothesis that claims language ability and education interact positively, is supported in the Mexican and Chinese, but not the Soviet group. The results of this project are important to the analysis of U.S. immigration policy and evaluation of language training programs. It also provides opportunity for further research into the nature of the differences between the various immigrant groups.
Free Radical Metabolites in the Mode of Action of Chemotherapeutic Agents and Phagocytic Cells on Trypanosoma cruzi

There are a number of biologic oxidations in Trypanosoma cruzi that generate O2- and/or H2O2. In addition, intracellular reduction followed by autoxidation yielding O2- and H2O2 has been suggested as the mode of action of several trypanocidal agents active both in vitro (e.g., naphthoquinones) and in vivo (nifurtimox) and as the basis of nifurtimox toxicity in mammals. Moreover, oxygen-reduction products have been implicated in the mechanism of killing of T. cruzi by phagocytic cells; this suggests an important role for this mechanism in host resistance and/or pathogenesis of Chagas' disease. T. cruzi possesses superoxide dismutases but lacks catalase and is partially deficient in peroxidases. This deficiency has been correlated with its sensitivity to both intracellular generators of oxygen-reduction intermediates and cell-derived oxygen metabolites. In addition, free radical intermediates apparently not related to oxygen-reduction products have also been found in the metabolic pathways of other trypanocidal drugs (benznidazole and crystal violet) used clinically in the treatment or prevention of Chagas' disease.
Role of renal nerves in renal responses to acute volume expansion during pregnancy in rats

To examine the role of the renal nerves in renal responses to acute volume expansion (VE) at Days 17-19 of pregnancy in rats, the diuretic and natriuretic responses to acute VE were measured from intact and denervated kidneys. One group of pregnant rats (Pregnant 1) was treated with the same amount of VE (1 ml/min for 15 min) as age -and sex-matched virgin control rats, and a second group of pregnant rats (Pregnant 2) was treated with a VE corrected for the higher body weight (presumably expanded blood volume) normally observed in late pregnancy (1.38 ml/min for 15 min). Urine flow and sodium excretion were measured before and after VE from innervated and denervated kidneys in anesthetized (Inactin) rats. Mean arterial pressure was not significantly different among the groups. During VE, the increments in urinary flow (UV) rate and sodium excretion (UNaV) from the innervated kidneys of Pregnant 1 rats were significantly smaller (26.5% for UV and 17.0% for UNaV) than those from the innervated kidneys of virgin rats. Although the UV and UNaV were greater in the Pregnant 2 group than in the Pregnant 1 group, these differences were not statistically significant. However, the values were still significantly smaller than those observed in the control group (39.1% for UV and 52.8% for UNaV). Urine flow and sodium excretion from the denervated kidneys of pregnant rats (both groups) were not significantly different from those of denervated kidneys of control rats. These results demonstrate that the reduced diuresis and natriuresis observed during acute volume expansion in pregnant rats may be due to the contribution of tonic renal nerve activity during the third week of pregnancy.
Amplified Protein Detection through Visible Plasmon Shifts in Gold Nanocrystal Solutions from Bacteriophage Platforms

A new method to engineer unique, solution-based protein diagnostics with femotomole sensitivies from modified bacteriophage is reported. These sensors are highly facile to use, rapid to run, possible to read without any spectroscopic or microscopic analysis, and do not require thermally unstable enzymes. These sensing platforms should be functional in locations with limited access to equipment and facilities.
Failure of inhibitors of protein synthesis to affect the LH-releasing action of hypothalamic extracts in vitro.

SummaryAnterior pituitary halves from adult male rats were incubated in vitro for 6 hours following a preincubation of 30 min in tissue culture medium 199. The LH release from the glands was determined by the ovarian ascorbic acid depletion assay. Neither puromycin nor actinomycin in doses of 10-80 μg/ml interfered with the “basal” release of LH from the pituitaries. Purified LH-releasing factor (LHRF) enhanced the release of LH, and this enhancement was not influenced by the presence of either of the antibiotics. The LHRF can thus act when protein synthesis is blocked and must facilitate release of preformed LH from the cell. The present results with LHRF are different from those previously obtained with FSHRF whose action in increasing FSH release was blocked by the antibiotics and therefore appeared to require protein synthesis.
Endometriosis of the lung: report of a case.

A fourth case of pulmonary endometriosis is described and the more recent literature on the subject is briefly reviewed. The author believes that extrapelvic endometriosis is the result of embolization of endometrial tissue.
Experimental study on total alkaloids of sophora alopecuroides in treating ulcerative colitis of rats

[Objective]To study the effect and mechanism of total alkaloids of sophora alopecuroides(TASA)in treating ulcerative colitis of rats.[Methods]Ninety-six Wistar male rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,TASA group and salicylazosulfapyridine group.2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB)was used to induce rat model of ulcerative colitis.Colonic pathologic changes,colonic damage score,erythrocyte superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,colonic mucosal lipid peroxide(LPO)content,NF-κB and IL-1β expressions were observed respectively.[Results]Compared with model group,TASA group showed significant improvement in colon mucosa histological changes,colon injury scores,decreased fecal lactic acid content and LPO,increased SOD activity,downregulated NF-κB and IL-1β expressions(P0.01).[Conclusion]TASA played an important role in treating ulcer colitis,contributing to its effect in depressing NF-κB and IL-1β expressions,decreasing LPO content of colonic mucosa,inducing erythrocyte SOD activity,resulting in increased removal of oxygen radical,promoting stool lactic acid excretion and ameliorating colonic inflammation injury.
Study of Laser Gyro Output Noise Characteristic

The method for analysis of laser gyro output noise and the model of the noise are given.Using the model,the output noises of four types of laser gyro are analyzed by different de-modulating ways in theory and experiments.The noise term and its causes are researched theoretically.The experiment data and noise curve are given.The results show that the model can be used for evaluating the random walks coefficient,the quantization error,de-modulating errors,and the output rate noise of the laser gyro.
Rewriting the “vile text”: Christina Rossetti and the Poetics of Social Reform

“Christina is now an associate, and wore the dress — which is very simple, elegant even; black with hanging sleeves, a muslin cap with lace edging, quite becoming to her with the veil” (Wm. Michael Rossetti, Poetical Works 485). The evocative image of Christina Rossetti, “elegantly” clad in the garb of an Anglican associate and hard at work reforming repentant prostitutes at the St. Mary Magdalene Home for Fallen Women on Highgate Hill even as she corrects proofs for her first volume of poetry, Goblin Market and Other Poems (1860; pub. 1862),1 has inspired a great deal of critical commentary establishing links between her “social” and “literary” work.2 Indeed, as early as 1904, William Michael Rossetti included the above description in a footnote to “From Sunset to Star Rise” (1865; pub. 1875), an interpretively elusive poem which he reads as the dramatic monologue of a “fallen woman”. While I would certainly agree that Goblin Market reflects Rossetti’s lifelong interest in the reclamation of prostitutes, as does her work at Highgate from 1859 to 1870, I would also suggest that in our eagerness to read Goblin Market through the biographical “veil” of Rossetti’s participation in an Anglican Sisterhood, we fail to acknowledge the ways in which her poem’s Utopian vision radically differs from the type of reclamation practiced at Highgate.3
Language Isn’t Everything

Highlighting research and theory from infant and adult attachment, this chapter argues that narrative coherence is not necessarily indicative of coherence of mind and body. The infant and adult attachment literature is described and used as evidence for the argument that language is sourced in affect and action. Particular attention is given to the adult attachment interview which reveals that narratives of self can have the appearance of coherence even as they serve as self-regulatory mechanisms, displacing immediate experience in the present moment with meanings based on past conditioning.
YY1 Regulates the Germinal Center Reaction by Inhibiting Apoptosis

The germinal center (GC) reaction produces high-affinity Abs for a robust adaptive immune response. When dysregulated, the same processes cause GC B cells to become susceptible to lymphomagenesis. It is important to understand how the GC reaction is regulated. In this study, we show that transcription factor YY1 is required to maintain a robust GC reaction in mice. Selective ablation of YY1 significantly decreased in the frequency and number of GC B cells during the GC reaction. This decrease of GC B cells was accompanied by increased apoptosis in these cells. Furthermore, we found that loss of YY1 disrupted the balance between dark zones and light zones, leading to a preferential decrease in dark zone cells. Collectively, these results indicate that YY1 plays an important role in regulating the balance between dark zone and light zone cells in GCs and between survival and death of GC B cells.
An alternative option to reduce lung dose for electron scar boost irradiation in post-mastectomy breast cancer patients with a thin chest wall

Aim We evaluated water-equivalent slabs as an alternative to a bolus to reduce radiation dose to the underlying lungs during electron scar boost irradiation in breast cancer patients with a thin chest wall undergoing post-mastectomy radiation therapy. Materials and methods Percent depth doses (PDDs) and attenuation factors were obtained for 6 MeV (the lowest electron energy in most clinics) with solid water slabs (1–10 mm by 1 mm increments) placed on top of electron cones. Scatter dose to contralateral breast caused by the solid water slabs was measured on a human-like phantom using two selective scar boost patient setups. Results The PDD plots showed that the solid water slabs had similar dosimetric effects to the bolus with lower skin dose to ipsilateral breast for the same thickness. Slab attenuation and scatter dose to the contralateral breast were increased by ~220% and by a factor of 3 with a 5 mm slab, respectively. Findings Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using water-equivalent slabs to reduce lung dose for electron scar boost treatment in mastectomy patients with a thin chest wall. However, the increases in treatment time and scatter dose to the contralateral breast are the disadvantages of this approach.
Gert and the Defense of Morality

L'A. se propose d'expliquer l'evolution recente de la pensee de B. Gert, dont le dernier ouvrage abandonne la these de l'exigence rationnelle d'un engagement moral public. Examinant le modele altruiste de defense de la morale contre l'egoisme, l'A. montre que la morale du compromis n'est pas aussi tolerante que la morale de l'impartialite defendue par Gert.
The Importance of the Wild Cane Saccharum spontaneum for Bioenergy Genetic Breeding

The relative easiness of interspecific hybridization between sugarcane and other closely related wild grass species presents an excellent way for breeders to genetically improve it, through conventional plant breeding. Among the closely related species to sugarcane, Saccharum spontaneum has the greatest potential as a source of genetic variation for a number of traits. In addition, the species presents several features, including outstanding adaptability to different habitats, and resistance to several diseases, which makes it an excellent genetic resource for breeding, particularly when aiming at bioenergy production and low-input adaptability, with the extra benefit of increased carbon sequestration. In this review, currently available information related to S. spontaneum has been compiled to help breeders in their efforts to explore, for breeding purposes aiming at bioenergy, the tremendous, and yet untapped, genetic variability present in this species. Numerous traits inherent to S. spontaneum, with emphasis on those advantageous for bioenergy production, are presented in an attempt to put together current literature related to its potential role as a genetic resource, for breeding energy canes. With the potential to enable a significant increase in carbon deposition depth and accumulation, an increase in water productivity, S. spontaneum can generate energy cane germplasm adapted to the actively managed cropland and to areas with contaminated soil, to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions annually, improving the climate resiliency of agricultural production. The emerging discipline of phenomics is proposed to characterize S. spontaneum germplasm, aiming at energy cane breeding, for climate change mitigation.
Analysis of Eye-Tracking Data During Conditions Conducive to Loss of Airplane State Awareness

In the constant drive to further the safety and efficiency of air travel, the complexity of avionics-related systems and of the procedures for interacting with them appear to be on an ever-increasing trend. While this growing complexity often yields productive results with respect to system capabilities and flight efficiency, it typically places a larger burden on pilots to manage increasing amounts of information and to understand intricate system designs. This can be problematic as too much information and/or ineffective provisions of information can potentially overwhelm and/or confuse pilots, and as a result, increase the likelihood of loss of airplane state awareness (ASA). One way to gain more insight into this issue is through experimentation using more objective measures. This study summarizes an analysis of eye-tracking data obtained during a high-fidelity flight simulation study that included most of the complexities of current flight decks, as well as several planned for the next generation air transportation system. Multiple analyses were performed to understand how the 22 participating airline pilots were observing ASA-related information provided during different stages of flights and in response to specific events within these stages. Also, study findings are compared to data presented in similar previous studies to assess trends or common themes regarding how airline crews apply visual attention in complex flight deck and operational environments.
Portrayal of generalized anxiety disorder in YouTube™ videos.

Background:Individuals often search the Internet for information about their medical conditions, such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a common mental health disorder.Aims:To describe the content of the most popular videos on YouTube™ related to GAD.Methods:Videos with at least 50,000 views in October 2016 were coded for information regarding symptoms, treatments and causes for GAD. Associations of content with factors such as popularity and focus on a personal experience were examined.Results:The search returned 95 videos, which had been collectively viewed 37,044,555 times. Most (65%) were uploaded by consumers and 56% were about a personal experience. The most common symptoms mentioned were worry or panic (72%) and social anxiety (46%). Many videos (63%) mentioned at least one treatment, but only 26% mentioned any cause of anxiety. Videos that focused on a personal experience were significantly less likely to mention other phobias (p = .036), panic disorder (p = .033) and sleep issues (p = .016)....
The efficacy of message frames on recreational boaters’ aquatic invasive species mitigation behavioral intentions

Aquatic invasive species (AIS) management often requires a human-centered focus that entails communicating with resource-users about needed mitigation behaviors. Messaging is a common communication...
Neurocognitive effects of methylphenidate in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis.

Abstract PIEVSKY, M. A., and R. E. McGrath. Neurocognitive effects of methylphenidate in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis…NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 81(1) XXX-XXX, 2017.- This meta-analysis summarized 21 double-blind randomized controlled trials with a mean study duration of 18 days comparing the neurocognitive functioning of adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on methylphenidate vs placebo. Effect sizes were weighted using a random-effects model. Scores on neurocognitive measures and tests of driving ability were on average higher on methylphenidate than on placebo, g = 0.17, p
Mobile Edge Offloading Using Markov Decision Processes

Considering where to process data and perform computation is becoming a more difficult problem as Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) and Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) continue to evolve. In order to balance constraints and objectives regarding items like computation time and energy consumption, computation and data should be automatically shifted between mobile devices, the edge, and the cloud. To address this issue, this study proposes a Markov Decision Process (MDP) based methodology to intelligently make such choices while optimizing multiple objectives. Results demonstrate an 17.47% or greater increase in performance.
Elastic Wave Velocities in Granular Soils

Laboratory tests, using the resonant column method, were conducted to evaluate the longitudinal and shear wave velocities in specimens of Ottawa sand, crushed quartz sand, and crushed quartz silt. The variables considered were the confining pressure, and the moisture content, void ratio, and grain characteristics of the materials. The wave velocities for the sands varied with approximately the 1/4 power of the confining pressure. At a given confining pressure, the velocity varied almost linearly with void ratio. A diagram is included that shows these relationships over a range of void ratio from 0.3 to 1.3 and confining pressures between 500 psf and 6,000 psf. The effects of relative density, grain size, and gradation entered only through their effects on void ratio. The wave velocities in the quartz silts were found to be greatly dependent on time.
Diabetes: Everyone’s Number One Priority

Diabetes tops most clinicians’ list of most challenging conditions to treat, largely due to the complexity and clinical fluidity of its treatment targets; the overlap of its clinical implications onto other medical conditions such as vascular, renal, ophthalmologic, and neurologic diseases; and the need to extend treatments beyond mere medication prescription into the challenging realm of patient self-management training and lifestyle changes.
Distribution and abundance of a nemertean egg predator ( Carcinonemertes sp.) on a leucosiid crab, Randallia ornata

The purple globe crab, Randallia ornata (Randall, 1839) (Decapoda: Leucosiidae) is a common crustacean found on sandy beaches from Northern California to Baja California, Mexico. An undescribed species of Carcinonemertes, which shares biological features with a partially described worm from Tasmania was recovered from R. ornata. The worm reaches 10 mm in length and secretes a sturdy tube with a distinctive spiral shape. The total prevalence of the worm on R. ornatawas 70% (85% for ovigerous female crabs, 67% for post-ovigerous female crabs, and 45% for male crabs). Intensities reached 32 worms per crab. Adult worms were found in crab egg masses, regressed adults were recovered from under the abdomen of post-ovigerous females, and encysted juveniles were found on the gill lamellae of non-ovigerous female crabs and occasionally from the gill lamellae of male crabs.