cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
On transition of the pulsatile pipe flow

Transition in a pipe flow with a superimposed sinusoidal modulation has been studied in a straight circular water pipe using laser-Doppler anemometer (LDA) techniques. This study has determined the stability–transition boundary in the three-dimensional parameter space defined by the mean and modulation Reynolds numbers Rem, Remω and the frequency parameter λ. Furthermore, it documents the mean passage frequency Fp of ‘turbulent plugs’ as functions of Rem’ Remω and λ. This study also delineates the conditions when plugs occur randomly in time (as in the steady flow) or phase-locked with the excitation. The periodic flow requires a new definition of the transitional Reynolds number Rer, identified on the basis of the rate of change of Fp with Rem. The extent of increase or decrease in Rer from the corresponding steady flow value depends on λ and Remω. At any Rem and Remω, maximum stabilization occurs at λ ≈ 5. With increasing Remω, the ‘stabilization bandwidth’ of modulation frequencies increases and then abruptly decreases after levelling off. The maximum stabilization bandwidth depends strongly on Rem, decreasing with increasing Rem. Previously reported observations of turbulence during deceleration, followed by a relaminarization during acceleration, can be explained in terms of a new phenomenon: namely, periodic modulation produces longitudinally periodic cells of turbulent fluid ‘plugs’ which differ in structural details from ‘puffs’ or ‘slugs’ in steady transitional pipe flows and are called patches. The length of a patch could be increased continuously from zero to the entire pipe length by increasing Rem. This tends to question the concept that all turbulent plugs (and even the fully-turbulent pipe flow) consists of many identical elementary plugs as basic ‘building blocks’.
Effects of land use change on soil carbon cycling in the conterminous United States from 1900 to 2050

[1] We developed matrices representing historical area transitions between forest and other land uses. We projected future transitions on the basis of historical transitions and econometric model results. These matrices were used to drive a model of changes in soil and forest floor carbon stocks. Our model predicted net carbon emission from 1900 until 1982, then sequestration until 2030, with little subsequent change. However, the northeast region showed substantial carbon sequestration from 1900 to the present. From 1990 to 2004, afforestation caused sequestration averaging 17 Tg C yr−1: 6 Tg C yr−1 in soil and 11 Tg C yr−1 in forest floor. Deforestation caused emission averaging 12 Tg C yr−1: 3 Tg C yr−1 from soil and 9 Tg C yr−1 from forest floor. However, these effects were only 5% of the total change in carbon stocks in all forestland.
From Control to Ownership: China's Managerial Revolution

Over the past decade, the ownership and control of China's corporate sector has finally begun to depart fundamentally from patterns typical in the socialist past. Students of corporate governance have watched these changes with an intense curiosity about their impact on firm performance. Students of comparative economic institutions have examined them for hints of a new variety of Asian capitalism and have sought to anticipate China's international competitiveness and impact. But these changes potentially will create a new corporate elite with greater compensation, personal wealth, and independence from government agencies than ever before. This transformation of China's political economy may eventually alter the Chinese state itself, although the extent and nature of this change are still far from clear. The key questions of interest are the social origins of the new elite, the scale of the economic assets they control, and especially their continuing relationships with party and government agencies. The answers will vary decisively by sector, four of which are described here: a state-owned sector, a privatized sector, a transactional sector, and an entrepreneurial sector. The evolving mix of these sectors will determine the future contours of the Chinese corporate economy.
Metabolomics of ADSOL (AS-1) Red Blood Cell Storage

Population-based investigations suggest that red blood cells (RBCs) are therapeutically effective when collected, processed, and stored for up to 42 days under validated conditions before transfusion. However, some retrospective clinical studies have shown worse patient outcomes when transfused RBCs have been stored for the longest times. Furthermore, studies of RBC persistence in the circulation after transfusion have suggested that considerable donor-to-donor variability exists and may affect transfusion efficacy. To understand the limitations of current blood storage technologies and to develop approaches to improve RBC storage and transfusion efficacy, we investigated the global metabolic alterations that occur when RBCs are stored in AS-1 (AS1-RBC). Leukoreduced AS1-RBC units prepared from 9 volunteer research donors (12 total donated units) were serially sampled for metabolomics analysis over 42 days of refrigerated storage. Samples were tested by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, and specific biochemical compounds were identified by comparison to a library of purified standards. Over 3 experiments, 185 to 264 defined metabolites were quantified in stored RBC samples. Kinetic changes in these biochemicals confirmed known alterations in glycolysis and other pathways previously identified in RBCs stored in saline, adenine, glucose and mannitol solution (SAGM-RBC). Furthermore, we identified additional alterations not previously seen in SAGM-RBCs (eg, stable pentose phosphate pathway flux, progressive decreases in oxidized glutathione), and we delineated changes occurring in other metabolic pathways not previously studied (eg, S-adenosyl methionine cycle). These data are presented in the context of a detailed comparison with previous studies of SAGM-RBCs from human donors and murine AS1-RBCs. Global metabolic profiling of AS1-RBCs revealed a number of biochemical alterations in stored blood that may affect RBC viability during storage as well as therapeutic effectiveness of stored RBCs in transfusion recipients. These results provide future opportunities to more clearly pinpoint the metabolic defects during RBC storage, to identify biomarkers for donor screening and prerelease RBC testing, and to develop improved RBC storage solutions and methodologies.
Chieftaincy politics and social relations in Nigeria

(1991). Chieftaincy politics and social relations in Nigeria. The Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics: Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 308-326.
SP2 system architecture

Scalable parallel systems are increasingly being used today to address existing and emerging application areas that require performance levels significantly beyond what symmetric multiprocessors are capable of providing. These areas include traditional technical computing applications, commercial computing applications such as decision support and transaction processing, and emerging areas such as “grand challenge” applications, digital libraries, and video production and distribution. The IBM SP2™ is a general-purpose scalable parallel system designed to address a wide range of these applications. This paper gives an overview of the architecture and structure of SP2, discusses the rationale for the significant system design decisions that were made, indicates the extent to which key objectives were met, and identifies future system challenges and advanced technology development areas.
Tissue Immunoblot Procedure for Detection of Neotyphodium Coenophialum in Tall Fescue

Published tissue immunoblot protocols for detecting Neotyphodium coenophialum are for polyclonal antibodies (Gwinn et al., 1991; An et al. 1993) and require approximately 24 h to conduct. Commercial acceptance of immunoblot technology may be more widespread if the protocol could be shortened to accommodate labor costs and/or scheduling. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the time requirements of the tissue immunoblot procedure and determine the minimum amount of time required to give accurate and consistent results.
“Natural” antibodies and “virgin” lymphocytes: the importance of context

The field of immunology has not been exempt from a similar inability to explain certain findings, and provides two interesting examples. The first protective antibodies that were identified were those against diphtheria and tetanus toxins; these were shown not only to protect against the two diseases specifically. During the succeeding decade, a number of other pathogens, and even such benign substances as red blood cells, were found able to elicit the formation of specific antibodies when injected into laboratory animals. In addition, Landsteiner, discoverer of the ubiquitous presence of blood-group antibodies in “normal” individuals, did not question their spontaneous generation. Throughout the previous chemically oriented era, there had always been the odd individual or laboratory that worked on the more medical, and especially pathological, aspects of the immune response.
Time-Series Analysis of Water Demands in Three North Carolina Cities

AbstractThe timing of significant shifts in urban water use is highly relevant to water managers, who can better manage demand with an understanding of historic change. This study employs breakpoint and decomposition analyses to explore changes in water use for three North Carolina municipalities between 1990 and 2014. Although water demands were on the rise in each city during the early 1990s, per capita demands began to trend downward in the middle-to-latter years of that decade. The timing of this shift correlates with declines in manufacturing water uses. Per capita demand then remained stable from 2002 until 2007, when rates for all three cities shifted downward once again. This second shift follows the coordination and institutionalization of drought responses at the state level. Only Raleigh experienced another significant decline, with the implementation of conservation pricing in 2010. Moreover, while total withdrawals have remained stable for the cities of Durham and Greensboro since the mid-to-...
Analysis of disinfection quality monitoring in medical and health institutions of Baiyin city from 2006 to 2010

Objective:To monitor the disinfection effects and understand the disinfection status of medical and health institutions at all levels in Baiyin,so as to find the present problems and take some measures to control and prevent the incidence of hospital infection.Methods:According to "Technical standard for disinfection"(version 2002),the disinfection examination was carried out.Results:From 2006 to 2010,disinfection quality of medical and health institutions at different levels showed significant difference(χ2=15.14,P0.01),the same was found in pass rates of various samples(χ2=35.57,P0.01).Conclusion:The disinfection quality of medical and health institutions at all levels had improved to varying degrees year by year.However,disinfection knowledge training of medical staffs and monitoring on disinfection should be further strengthened to deal with the remaining problems.
Conclusion: Exit Divinity

If one ecumenical trend in political practice can be distinguished over the course of the seventeenth century, it must be associated with the enhancement of the authority of the prince at the expense of rival power arrangements, including clerical ones, in the territorial community. Reason of state, indeed the very continuation of the state as an autonomous entity in the face of enormous commercial, colonial, religious and military rivalries, pointed in the direction of a greater arrogation of power at the centre, at the diminution and in some cases the elimination of regional autonomy and cultural particularism, and at increased financial and service burdens being borne by the population at large.1 While all rulers had to be responsive to the interests of noble supporters, and although these same rulers had to cooperate skilfully with representative bodies, on the whole crown efforts were successful, and the encroachment of central power into many aspects of life was both quantitatively and qualitatively different from the type of power enjoyed by earlier Renaissance-style princes. Importantly, as Marc Raeff has pointed out, ‘Centralization had the paradoxical result of fostering greater separation and division within Europe’ after the Reformation, which in turn forwarded the drive towards self-sufficient and mutually hostile political units, each with its own public-relations machinery in the state church and with what amounted to a monopoly over organized violence through an increasingly professionalized military.2
Nanopolishing by colloidal nanodiamond in elastohydrodynamic lubrication

In this paper, the feasibility of using explosion synthesized diamond nanoparticles with an average particle size (APS) of 3–5 nm with a concentration of 1 % by weight for improving lubrication and friction in elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) was investigated. Owing to the orders of magnitude increase in the viscosity of the lubricant in the EHL contact zone, diamond nanoparticles in the lubricant polish the surfaces at the nanoscale which decreases the composite roughness of contacting surfaces. The reduced composite roughness results in an increased film thickness ratio which yields lower friction. In the numerical analysis, governing equations of lubricant flow in the full elastohydrodynamic lubrication were solved, and the shear stress distribution over the fluid film was calculated. Using an abrasion model and the shear stress distribution profile, the material removal by the nanofluid containing nanoparticles and the resultant surface roughness were determined. The numerical analysis showed that in full EHL regime, the nanolubricant can reduce the composite roughness of moving surfaces. Experimental results from prior studies which exhibited surface polishing by such nanolubricants in boundary, mixed, and full elastohydrodynamic lubrication were used for comparison to the numerical model.
Novel Insights Into Beta-Blocker Therapy for Long QT Syndromes⁎

The congenital long QT syndromes (LQTS [cumulative incidence 1:2,000]) are individually distinct but exhibit a common phenotype of QT-interval prolongation and sudden death risk. Potassium channel mutations, KCNQ1 (LQTS1) and KCNH2 (LQTS2), account for approximately 60% of cases. Beta-blockers have
Lipoprotein Management in Patients With Cardiometabolic Risk: Consensus Conference Report From the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology Foundation

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) often cluster, including obesity (particularly central), insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipoproteinemia, and hypertension. These conditions can also occur in isolation, and they are exaggerated by physical inactivity and
Towards New Metrics for High-Performance Computing Resilience

Ensuring the reliability of applications is becoming an increasingly important challenge as high-performance computing (HPC) systems experience an ever-growing number of faults, errors and failures. While the HPC community has made substantial progress in developing various resilience solutions, it continues to rely on platform-based metrics to quantify application resiliency improvements. The resilience of an HPC application is concerned with the reliability of the application outcome as well as the fault handling efficiency. To understand the scope of impact, effective coverage and performance efficiency of existing and emerging resilience solutions, there is a need for new metrics. In this paper, we develop new ways to quantify resilience that consider both the reliability and the performance characteristics of the solutions from the perspective of HPC applications. As HPC systems continue to evolve in terms of scale and complexity, it is expected that applications will experience various types of faults, errors and failures, which will require applications to apply multiple resilience solutions across the system stack. The proposed metrics are intended to be useful for understanding the combined impact of these solutions on an application's ability to produce correct results and to evaluate their overall impact on an application's performance in the presence of various modes of faults.
Cost of achieving equivalent outcomes in sicker patients after liver transplant

Abstract Background We aimed to characterize variability in cost after straightforward orthotopic liver transplant (OLT). Methods Using the University HealthSystem Consortium and Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients databases, we identified patients who underwent OLT between 2011 and 2014. Patients meeting criteria for straightforward OLT, defined as length of stay Results Patients undergoing straightforward OLT were of similar demographics regardless of cost. High cost patients were more likely to require preoperative hemodialysis, had higher severity of illness, and higher model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) (p Conclusion Providing adequate perioperative care for OLT patients with higher severity of illness and disease burden requires increased cost and resource utilization; however, doing so provides these patients with long term survival equivalent to more routine patients.
New trace fossil evidence for eurypterid swimming behaviour

We describe a recently discovered trace fossil from a eurypterid Konservat-Lagerstatte in the upper Silurian Tonoloway Formation of Pennsylvania, and formally describe contemporaneous traces from the Williamsville Formation Lagerstatte of Ontario. The traces from both localities are assigned here to Arcuites bertiensis igen. et isp. nov. Based on comparisons with previously described eurypterid trackways, neoichnological experiments, and the co-occurrence with eurypterid remains, Arcuites is interpreted as having been made by the swimming leg (sixth prosomal appendage) of swimming juvenile to adult eurypteroid eurypterids, and represents the first unambiguous trace fossil evidence for eurypterid swimming behaviour. The morphology of Arcuites indicates that eurypteroid eurypterids swam using drag-based rowing, whereby the animal propelled itself forward by moving its oar blade-like swimming paddles in an in-phase backstroke. Arcuites morphology also indicates that the eurypteroid swimming appendage had a greater degree of movement than was previously suggested, and a revised rowing model is proposed. Differences in the abundance of A. bertiensis in the Tonoloway and Williamsville formations suggest a bathymetric control on eurypterid swimming behaviour and trace production. The association of Arcuites with eurypterid body fossils in both units indicates that these Lagerstatten were autochthonous assemblages and provides additional evidence for eurypterid inhabitation of shallow subtidal marine environments in the late Silurian.
Piercing the Present with the Past

This response to Tomba’s Marx’s Temporalities homes in on its critical interrogation of linear conceptions of development which have distorted Marxism’s capacity to seize the present. The article foregrounds the resources on which Tomba draws, from Walter Benjamin’s theses on history to Marx’s account of the struggles over the working day, and enlists them in an encounter with the questions of unevenness, archaism and pre-capitalism in Postcolonial theory, as well as in the attempts to ‘overcome modernity’ that marked the thought and practice of interwar fascism in Europe and Japan.
Inverse Technology Transfer: Development Opportunities Defined from Practice

In the world of technology today, scientists and engineers are concerned about having the results of their work proceed through development to application. This concern exists because of a funding-source pressure to be relevant. One response to this pressure is to become a method evangelist and another is to transfer emphasis from research to technology development. However, a way is available to avoid this unfortunate circumstance and that is to focus on appropriate technology.
A Survival Schema Theory for Mutation

Chapter 3 computed the probability P s(H k ) that a kth-order hyperplane H k will survive recombination, given that one parent is a member of H k and that the other parent is arbitrary. That chapter concluded by computing the expected number of offspring E s[B k ] that reside in H k after recombination, and showed that this is a simple function of P s(H k ), the population homogeneity P eq, and the order of the hyperplane k.
Awake vs Sedated Tracheostomies: A Review and Comparison at a Single Institution.

ObjectiveThe literature surrounding awake tracheostomies is sparse, particularly comparing awake tracheostomy patients to that of the sedated tracheostomy population. This study sought to compare t...
Impact of patient symptoms and caregiver tasks on psychological distress in caregivers for head and neck cancer (HNC).

6070Background: Caregiver support for HNC patients affects clinical outcomes including survival. Psychological distress in caregivers may impair the quality of support they provide. The impact of p...
Abstract 2600: Interaction of host cell factor-1 with the oncoprotein transcription factor MYC

Host cell factor (HCF)-1 is a highly-conserved epigenetic scaffolding protein that is essential for development, cell cycle progression, and cellular proliferation. Through integration into several chromatin modifying complexes, HCF-1 plays a critical role in regulating the activity of key transcription factors, such as the E2F family of proteins. HCF-1 is also linked to leukemogenesis, through its regulation by the BAP1 tumor suppressor and its incorporation into the oncogenic MLL complex. Despite its role in the cell cycle, presence at chromatin, and well-defined interactions, the function of HCF-1 in cancer remains under-studied and undetermined. Here we describe the role of HCF-1 in the context of its interaction with the transcription factor and oncoprotein MYC. MYC is overexpressed in most cancers and drives tumorigenesis by regulating the expression of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis, cell growth, and metabolism. The region of MYC responsible for interaction with HCF-1 is evolutionarily conserved in all vertebrate MYC family members, and we have previously demonstrated that mutations in MYC that selectively disable interaction with HCF-1 attenuate the tumorigenicity of MYC in vivo. This demonstrates that HCF-1 is an important co-factor for MYC-driven cancer. Using a battery of contemporary genomic approaches, including ChIP-seq, SLAM-seq, RNA-seq, and PRO-seq, coupled to a decisive CRISPR/Cas9 editing approach, we reveal the relationship of MYC and HCF-1 at chromatin and how this modulates the function of MYC as a transcription factor and oncoprotein. Citation Format: Tessa M. Popay, Lance R. Thomas, Jing Wang, Qi Liu, William P. Tansey. Interaction of host cell factor-1 with the oncoprotein transcription factor MYC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2600.
Does Transparency in Moderation Really Matter?: User Behavior After Content Removal Explanations on Reddit

When posts are removed on a social media platform, users may or may not receive an explanation. What kinds of explanations are provided? Do those explanations matter? Using a sample of 32 million Reddit posts, we characterize the removal explanations that are provided to Redditors, and link them to measures of subsequent user behaviors---including future post submissions and future post removals. Adopting a topic modeling approach, we show that removal explanations often provide information that educate users about the social norms of the community, thereby (theoretically) preparing them to become a productive member. We build regression models that show evidence of removal explanations playing a role in future user activity. Most importantly, we show that offering explanations for content moderation reduces the odds of future post removals. Additionally, explanations provided by human moderators did not have a significant advantage over explanations provided by bots for reducing future post removals. We propose design solutions that can promote the efficient use of explanation mechanisms, reflecting on how automated moderation tools can contribute to this space. Overall, our findings suggest that removal explanations may be under-utilized in moderation practices, and it is potentially worthwhile for community managers to invest time and resources into providing them.
Cobalt toxic optic neuropathy and retinopathy: Case report and review of the literature

Abstract Purpose We detail a case of cobalt toxicity with visual and systemic complications, review the pathogenic process for the optic neuropathy and retinopathy, and discuss the controversy of metallic hip prosthesis. Observations A 59-year-old female with a history of multiple left hip arthroplasties presented to our clinic with bilateral visual loss. The year prior, she had failure of the hip implant necessitating revision surgery with placement of a chrome-cobalt head. A few months after surgery, she began experiencing blurred and “white, spotty” vision in both eyes in addition to hypothyroidism, cardiomyopathy and neuropathy. The possibility of the patient's symptoms being due to cobalt toxicity from her hip prosthesis was proposed and she was found to have a serum cobalt level >1000 μg/L (normal 0–0.9 ng/mL). Visual acuity was 20/600 in the right and 20/800 in the left eye. There was bilateral temporal optic disc pallor. Goldmann visual field testing demonstrated bilateral central scotomas, optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed severe ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCLIPL) thinning and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) demonstrated decreased amplitudes in both eyes. She underwent a total hip revision arthroplasty with extensive debridement of “black sludge” found within a pseudocapsule. Four days after surgery, cobalt serum levels had significantly decreased to 378 ng/mL. One month after surgery, she had significant improvement in visual acuity (20/150 right eye, 20/250 left eye), Goldmann visual field testing, and mfERG. OCT showed retinal nerve fiber thinning and persistent GCLIPL thinning in both eyes. Conclusions and Importance Excessive cobalt levels can result in systemic toxicity leading to visual changes, peripheral neuropathy, hearing loss, cognitive deficits, cardiomyopathy and hypothyroidism. In recent years it has become apparent that cobalt toxicity can be associated with metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty, or the grinding effects of retained ceramic particles from a fractured ceramic head on a cobalt-chromium femoral head prosthesis.
Finite-Blocklength Performance of Relay-Networks over Nakagami-m Channels

Wireless cooperative communications and relay networks can significantly improve the performance of fifth generation (5G) wireless networks, which aim at providing a wide range of time-sensitive multimedia services and applications by satisfying usersâ€™ stringent requirements on the delay-bounded quality of service (QoS). Finite blocklength coding (FBC) is a promising candidate technique to support time-sensitive services in 5G wireless networks, where mobile users transmit short packets to upper-bound the transmission delay of multimedia traffic. In this paper, we derive closed-form expressions for the coding rates of direct and relay transmissions, respectively, under the Nakagami- m fading channel in the finite blocklength regime. We compare decoding error probabilities, coding rates, and outage probabilities between direct and relay transmissions. Our comparison results show that while the relay transmission yields the larger coding rate than that of direct transmissions under the Nakagami-m fading channel, the outage probability and error rate of relay transmissions are higher than those of direct transmissions. We also derive a closed-form expression for the outage probability for relay transmissions with multiple parallel relays. Finally, we evaluate and validate our derived coding rates and outage probabilities for both direct and relay transmissions in the finite blocklength regime through numerical analyses.
Sourcing analytics for evaluating and selecting suppliers using DEA and AHP: a case of the aerospace company

Sourcing represents one of the most upstream supply chain activities, which often dictates the rest of downstream supply chain activities. As such, a poor sourcing decision has a significant trickle-down effect on the effectiveness of a buying firm's manufacturing and logistics decisions. Considering such significance, it is imperative for the firm to make a wise, systematic decision in evaluating and selecting suppliers. To support a critical sourcing decision, we propose a supplier evaluation decision-aid tool within the framework of business analytics, which takes in to account the multiple facets of supplier performance evaluation criteria. As a core of such a tool, we develop a relatively new model that is capable of considering both objective and subjective performance criteria simultaneously using a combination of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). To verify the practicality and validity of the proposed analytics-based tool, we applied it to an actual problem facing a US aerospace company.
Acousto-optic imaging in random media

Abstract We present a survey of recent results on the acousto-optic effect in random media with applications to biomedical imaging. Related inverse problems are described, including those of coherent and incoherent acousto-optic imaging in both the diffusion and transport regimes.
THU0276 HIGH HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE EXPOSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMAL STRAIN IMAGING IN LUPUS PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE

Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) cardiotoxicity remains an underrecognized condition. Diagnosis ultimately relies on invasive endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) and non-invasive screening methods are warranted. Strain imaging is a novel tool to detect early subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and may have a role in screening for HCQ cardiotoxicity (1). Strain measures systolic deformation indices that when decreased can predict cardiovascular outcomes more accurately than LV ejection fraction (2). Objectives: We assessed whether high HCQ cardiotoxicity risk is associated with a specific strain pattern in a group of patients with SLE and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods: This was a retrospective study in a tertiary care center in New York on a group of patients with an established diagnosis of SLE, ESRD and cardiomyopathy on the index echocardiogram followed between years 2003 and 2019. The patients were stratified into two groups: high risk HCQ toxicity group was defined as either cumulative HCQ dose ≥1000g and/or an endomyocardial biopsy confirming HCQ toxicity. Low/moderate risk group was defined as a cumulative dose of HCQ Results: A total of 16 patients were included. Two patients had EMB consistent with HCQ induced toxicity and 3 patients had cumulative HCQ doses ≥1000g. There were no significant differences in the baseline demographic characteristics between the two groups. Compared to patients with low/moderate risk, patients in the high risk group had a lower heart rate at the time of the echocardiogram (69 vs 87 beats per minute, p=0.08) and a higher frequency of LV hypertrophy (40% vs 9.1%, p=0.2). Strain analysis showed that both groups had compromised LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global cross-sectional strain (GCS). However, compared to the low/moderate risk group, the high risk group had a weaker LV GLS (-12.3% vs -14.9%, p=0.27). Conclusion: We report an association of higher HCQ cardiotoxicity risk and impaired strain in a set of SLE ESRD patients. Standard echo measures did not differentiate between high and low/moderate risk patients. Although the findings did not reach statistical significance, given the small sample size, results are still suggestive of a possible utility of strain echocardiography for detection of early HCQ toxicity. References: [1]Buss SJ, et al. J Rheumatol. 2010;37(1):79-86 [2]Kalam K, et al. Heart. 2014;100(21):1673-80 Disclosure of Interests: None declared
Aqueous ractopamine exposure below 0.22 mg/L has no effect on mortality, malformation, or growth of developing Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Ractopamine, a β-adrenergic receptor agonist, is commonly used as a repartitioning agent and growth promotor in animal agriculture. There is evidence that ractopamine can enter natural water source...
Ambipolar Polymer Field-Effect Transistors Based on Functionalized Isoindigo

Ambipolar polymer FETs capable of both hole and electron transport exhibit simpler processing requirements in complementary-like circuits and potential application in organic light-emitting transistors. However, isoindigo-based polymers are usually p-type polymers with very low electron mobilities. In this chapter, electron-withdrawing groups are introduced on isoindigo to lower its LUMO level. High performance ambipolar FETs are demonstrated for both fluorinated and chlorinated isoindigo polymers.
Prognostic factors for local recurrence and survival and impact of local treatments on survival in lacrimal gland carcinoma.

Background/aims To identify prognostic factors for local recurrence, distant metastasis and disease-specific survival (DSS) for lacrimal gland carcinoma. Methods All consecutive patients with lacrimal gland carcinoma treated from January 1998 through December 2018 were included. Log-rank tests and univariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to study risk factors and survival. Results Overall, 55 patients were included in this study, and 5 patients were excluded from the survival analysis. Median age was 46 years (range: 10–76). 43 patients (78%) had adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). 31 patients (56%) had T2 disease at presentation. 28 patients (51%) underwent orbital exenteration with or without adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiation, 26 (47%) underwent eye-sparing surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiation, and 1 received palliative chemoradiation. 11 patients (22%) experienced local recurrence; 14 (29%) experienced distant metastasis. Five- and 10-year local-recurrence-free survival rates were 0.71 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.88), and 5- and 10-year distant-metastasis-free survival rates were 0.67 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.85) and 0.49 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.81), respectively. There was no significant difference in risks of local recurrence, distant metastasis or DSS between ACC patients who had orbital exenteration and those who had eye-sparing surgery. Perineural invasion was negatively associated with local-recurrence-free survival (p=0.02). Among patients with ACC, basaloid/solid histologic type was associated with significantly worse DSS than non-basaloid/solid histologic type (p Conclusions For lacrimal gland carcinoma, orbital exenteration with adjuvant therapy and eye-sparing surgery with adjuvant therapy are associated with similar recurrence outcomes. Eye-sparing surgery is associated with better DSS. Perineural invasion is a risk factor for local recurrence. ACC with basaloid/solid subtype correlates with worse DSS.
Enhancing DataRaceBench for Evaluating Data Race Detection Tools

DataRaceBench is a dedicated benchmark suite to evaluate tools aimed to find data race bugs in OpenMP programs. Since its initial release in 2017, DataRaceBench has been widely used by tool developers to find the strengths and limitations of their tools. The results also provide an apple-to-apple comparison of the state-of-the-art of data race detection tools. In this paper, we discuss our latest efforts to enhance DataRaceBench. In particular, we have added support for Fortran language and some of the newest OpenMP 5.0 language features. We have also added new kernels representing new patterns from literature and other benchmarks (e.g., NAS Parallel Benchmark). To reduce duplicated code patterns in the benchmark suite, we have designed a distance-based code similarity analysis, combining both static and dynamic code features. Finally, we dockerize tools and streamline the entire benchmarking process to quickly generate a dashboard showing the state-of-the-art of data race detection of OpenMP programs. The enhanced DataRaceBench is released as v 1.3.0, with 222 newly added benchmarks. 56 of them are in C, and the remaining 166 are in Fortran, reproducing the C programs' nature. Our experiments show that this new version can spot more limitations of the current data race detection tools, with significantly reduced user efforts needed to run experiments.
Accommodating Transgender Athletes

The challenges of trying to accommodate transgender athletes appropriately in competitive sports come from living in a society that places a high value on athletic achievement, as well as on the competing virtues of equality, individual freedom, and fairness. On an individual level, a person’s participation in competitive sports confers benefits to that individual, with those benefits increasing dramatically as the person becomes more skillful and successful—that is, when they win more. On a societal level, the meritocratic nature of competitive sports, combined with our collective desire to win and to associate the winner with who is the best, has led sports to play a central role in advancing social change in the US, particularly in the areas of race and sex. This paper starts from the assumption that it is a matter of justice generally to regard a trans man as a man and a trans woman as a woman. Even given this assumption, it is not obvious that this general position should be extended to competitive sports in any and all cases, and, in particular, to the participation in women’s sports by trans women or trans men.
ACA Mandate Led To Substantial Increase In Contraceptive Use Among Women Enrolled In High-Deductible Health Plans.

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) mandated that private health plans cover contraceptives without out-of-pocket expenses for patients. Previously, long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) were sub...
The Jungians: A Comparative and Historical Perspective

Preface. Foreword by Peter Homans. Acknowledgements. List of Abbreviations. Introduction by Thomas B. Kirsch. Analytical Psychology in Zurich. The Role of Analytical Psychology Clubs. Analytical Psychology in the United Kingdom. Analytical Psychology in New York. Analytical Psychology in Northern California. Analytical Psychology in Southern California. Developments in the United States and Canada after 1970. Analytical Psychology in Germany. Analytical Psychology in Italy. Analytical Psychology in France. Analytical Psychology in Small European Countries. Analytical Psychology in Israel. Analytical Psychology in Australia and New Zealand. Analytical Psychology in Latin America. Analytical Psychology in South Africa. Analytical Psychology in Russia and Eastern European Countries. Emerging Groups in Asia. The International Association for Analytical Psychology. The History of Sandplay. Observations and Conclusions. Bibliography. Index.
Reactions of coordinated ligands—VII: Hydrogenation of 3- and 4-cyanopyridine-N-oxides and 3- and 4-cyanopyridines

Abstract Although 3- and 4-cyanopyridine-N-oxides hydrogenate readily over Adam's platinum catalyst to form the corresponding aminomethylpyridines, complexes of these ligands with CuCl2 and Cu(ClO4)2 behave differently toward hydrogenation. In the CuCl2 case, Cu(II) is reduced to Cu(I) with only negligible concomitant and no subsequent hydrogenation of the ligands. With Cu(ClO4)2 complexes, Cu(II) is reduced to Cu(O) followed by ligand hydrogenation. The decreasing order of reactivity of potential hydrogen acceptor groups is: CN > NO > CHNH. With but minor exceptions, the behavior of the cyanopyridines and their Cu(II) and Cu(I) complexes parallels closely that of the corresponding species containing the N-oxide moiety.
Estão os internos satisfeitos com o internato de Medicina Geral e Familiar

Objectives: To determine the degree of satisfaction of General Practice (GP) trainees with their GP training program in the North of Portugal and to test the associations between satisfaction and variables related to the trainee, the tutor, and the GP training program. Study Design: Cross-sectional study, conducted between September 2011 and February 2013. Setting: The Family Medicine training program in the Northern region of Portugal. Participants: All trainees enrolled in the Family Medicine training program in the North of Portugal at the beginning of the study. Methods: Data were collected with an anonymous, voluntary questionnaire developed by the authors, sent by email to all trainees in the GP training program in North of Portugal (n=532). The characteristics of the population and their degree of satisfaction with training, measured on a five-point Likert scale, were assessed. Results: There were 189 trainees who responded to the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 36%. Most trainees were female (n=141, 75%) and most (n=160, 85%) were between 26 and 30 years of age. Trainees worked in family health units (n=148, 78%), and most were in their second year of training (n=64, 34%). General Practice was the first choice of 76% of trainees (n=143), with 97% (n=183) expres-sing no intention of repeating the exam that grants access to a medical specialization. Most GP trainees in northern Portugal are satisfied or very satisfied with their internship program (91%, n = 170), with only 4% (n=7) dissatisfied or extremely dissatisfied. An association was found between satisfaction with the training program and "General Practice as the first choice of a specialty" (p=0.001), "The relationship with the mentor" (p=0.001), "The mentor’s training skills" (p=0.01), "The organization of the training program" (p=0.008), "The duration of the training program" (p=0.024), "The duration of mandatory hospital rotations" (p < 0.001), "The number GP training rotations" (p=0.015) and "The duration of GP training rotations" (p=0.045). There was an inverse relationship between satisfaction and "Time spent in non-cli-nical activities for curricular purposes" (p = 0.016). Conclusions: GP trainees are satisfied with their training program. The most significant associations are satisfaction with the relationship with trainers and the tutor’s training skills. Satisfaction with the duration of training, rotations in general practice and organization of the training were also associated with satisfaction. The relationship between overall satisfaction and satisfaction with the duration of mandatory hospital rotations is unclear. Trainees are dissatisfied with time spent in non-clinical activities for curricular purposes.
Cutting Edge: IL-4 Production by Mast Cells Does Not Require c-maf

The c-maf transcription factor is selectively expressed in IL-4-producing Th2 cells. It has been implicated in IL-4 gene transcription based on its ability to directly activate the IL-4 gene in nonexpressing B cells and to promote IL-4-induced Th2 differentiation. However, it has not been definitively shown that IL-4 production by other cells is dependent on the presence of c-maf. Here, we show that IL-4-producing mast cells do not express the c-maf factor. Furthermore, mutation of a defined c-maf binding site within the proximal IL-4 promoter, which profoundly affects transcription in T cells, has no effect on expression of a reporter gene driven by the IL-4 promoter in mast cells. These results demonstrate that c-maf and its target binding site are not required for IL-4 production in all cell types and delineate additional cis- and trans-acting elements that contribute to the cell-type specific transcriptional regulation of IL-4.
Community education and differential fertility in Peru

This paper investigates how community characteristics moderate the influence of individual characteristics on completed fertility in Peru. Although the median community education level did not condition the influence of womens education on completed fertility as hypothesized this contextual variable exerted a significant negative effect on fertility. Thus the social climate in which women make decisions about family formation does affect reproductive behaviour above and beyond what one would predict on the basis of individual characteristics alone; but it operates to set boundaries on the range of feasible alternatives rather than to amplify the influence of individual characteristics. (EXCERPT)
Articulating Culturally Sensitive Knowledge Online: A Cherokee Case Study

This article examines the online management of culturally sensitive knowledge through a discussion of a collaboration between the Museum of the Cherokee Indian and the Smithsonian Institution. It discusses the roles of the two institutions in a digital repatriation project involving an extensive body of 19th and 20th century manuscripts as well as the assumptions that informed their respective decisions regarding the online presentation of traditional cultural expressions. The case study explores some challenges involved in providing online access to culturally sensitive materials: first, by probing disparate senses of the term community, and then through a close examination of a particular class of heritage materials about which many Cherokee feel deeply ambivalent and for which notions of collective ownership are especially problematic. The Cherokee knowledge repatriation project offers a novel model for the circulation of digital heritage materials that may have wider applicability. The success of the project suggests that collaboration between tribal and non-tribal institutions may lead to more creative solutions for managing traditional cultural expressions than either alone can provide.
Uniaxial stress behaviour of Y-TZP

Uniaxial stress behaviour of yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) was investigated using a novel split Hopkinson pressure bar technique. The Y-TZP specimens were loaded by a single compressive pulse of predetermined shape and duration. The stress-strain response of the material revealed a linear elastic regime followed by an inelastic regime during which tetragonal to monoclinic transformation occurs. After the transformation was complete, the stress-strain behaviour was found to be elastic with a slope similar to that of the untransformed material. This behaviour suggests that the modulus of the transformed monoclinic zirconia is essentially the same as that of the untransformed tetragonal zirconia, and microcracking during transformation does not significantly affect the subsequent uniaxial stress-strain relation in Y-TZP. Ultrasonic measurements before and after the experiments, and microscopic observations on transformed zirconia specimens also support this conclusion, the latter revealing a very small number of nanometre-size cracks where martensitic laths in partially transformed grains interface with grain boundaries.
Enhancement of ambient energy harvesting using a metamaterial lens

The present work demonstrates enhancement of RF energy harvesting using a metamaterial lens. The lens, designed by the Nanoplasmonics and Metamaterials Research group at RIT, consists of 65 PCB boards stacked together where very thin copper wires etched on the top surface of each board. It has been shown that the lens is capable of focusing a broad beam into an ultra-small spot. In the present work, a Koch 2nd iteration microstrip fractal patch antenna is used to demonstrate enhanced harvesting using this lens. After extracting the energy, it can be directly converted to dc using a rectifier or be guided to another location. The feasibility of guiding the energy through a grounded dielectric has been demonstrated.