cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Separated-sector cyclotron post-accelerator for the Oak Ridge Heavy Ion Laboratory

A separated sector cyclotron post-accelerator is proposed for the Oak Ridge Heavy Ion Laboratory. The SSC accepts beams from either ORIC or the 25 MV tandem electrostatic accelerator and extends the maximum particle energy to 75 MeV/u for A less than 40 and to at least 10 MeV/u for A greater than 40. The SSC has a field-radius product of 2540 kG-cm, a 4-sector configuration, and azimuthal pole width of 52°. RF acceleration of up to 1 MV per turn is obtained with two resonators in opposite valleys. An RF tuning range of 6 to 14 MHz accommodates acceleration on harmonics 2 through 11. Concentric second harmonic resonators are provided for optimizing phase acceptance.
The metabolism of 11-Oxyandrogens in human subjects

Abstract Radioactive and carrier androst-4-ene-3, 11, 17-trione and 11s-hydroxy-androst-4-ene-3, 17-dione were administered, both orally and intravenously, to 4 normal subjects. The types of 17-oxosteroids isolated from the urinary extracts depended upon the nature of the oxygen at C11, i. e., a ketone at C11 favored reduction of ring A to 5s-androstane configuration, whereas an 11s-hydroxyl favored a 5α-androstane configuration. Moreover, there was a tendency for the nature of the oxygen substituent at C11 to remain unchanged during metabolism. It was further noted from the work of others that the directive influence of the C11 oxygen extends to the corticosteroids, where it operates in conjunction with the side chain which favors a 5s configuration. The isolation and synthesis of androsta-3, 5-diene-11, 17-dione are described. This compound is an artifact of the hydrolytic procedures and is believed to be derived from a 4-en-3α-o1 metabolite; and is indicative of an alternative pathway of reductive metabolism in ring A.
Extraction of group VIII metals by long chain alkyl amines—III

Abstract Oxalate complexes of Fe(III), Co(III), Ni(II) and Co(II) have been investigated with respect to their extractability by solutions of long chain alkyl amines in chloroform. Extraction was enhanced by pretreating the amines with acids. The nature of the pretreating acid as well as the structure of the amine were found to affect the extraction efficiency. The results of the investigation lend support to the conclusion that the metallic anions involved in the extraction process are the trioxalato and dioxalato complexes, and that the mechanism of the extraction process is compatible with ion exchange behaviour.
Fungicidas para o controle das principais doenças do arroz irrigado / Fungicides for the control of the main irrigated rice diseases

Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiencia de fungicidas no controle das principais doencas e na produtividade do arroz irrigado foram instalados tres ensaios em delineamento de blocos casualizados, no Projeto Rio Formoso, municipio de Formoso do Araguaia - Tocantins. No Ensaio 1, todos os tratamentos reduziram a severidade de mancha-parda na cultivar Epagri 108, porem, apenas os tratamentos com Myclobutanil-113g e 150g diferiram significativamente da Testemunha. Com relacao a mancha dos graos, os tratamentos com Myclobutanil-113g, 125g, 138g e 150g diferiram significativamente da Testemunha. No Ensaio 2, na cultivar Jacana, verificou-se que, para mancha-parda e brusone das paniculas nao houve qualquer tratamento eficaz. Com relacao a manchas dos graos, apenas os tratamentos Epoxiconazole + Pyraclostrobina, Fthalide 200g + Tebuconazole 100g e Tebuconazole foram estatisticamente diferentes da Testemunha. Com relacao ao Ensaio 3, na cultivar Epagri 109, os tratamentos mais eficazes para controle da brusone das paniculas foram o Fthalide, na dose de 300g i.a./ha e o Fthalide 300g + Tebuconazole 100g . Apenas os tratamentos Epoxiconazole + Pyraclostrobina e Fthalide 300 + Tebuconazole 100g reduziram significativamente a severidade de mancha-parda nas folhas. Efeito estatisticamente significativo para o controle de manchas dos graos foi encontrado no tratamento com a mistura Epoxiconazole + Pyraclostrobina, seguido de Fthalide nas doses de 300g i.a/ha e 400g e Tebuconazole. Melhores produtividades foram alcancadas pelos tratamentos com Fthalide na dose de 300 g i.a./ha, Epoxiconazole + Pyraclostrobina, Fthalide 300g + Tebuconazole 100g e Fthalide 200g + Tebuconazole 100g.
Fragment-fragment correlations

A topic of great interest in nuclear physics is the multifragmentation of heavy nuclei at moderate excitation energies. In the experiments from the Purdue group1, 2 first attempts have been made to relate the results in these reactions to the critical exponents of a phase transition, analogous to the liquid gas transition in condensed matter physics. Within the last years it became possible to study such reactions in highly exclusive experiments and to vary the order parameter of the proposed phase transition in order to extract the critical properties. This can be achieved by investigating the moments of the mass distributions as it was proposed by Campi3. Investigations utilizing the percolation model4 show indeed that this infinite matter phase transition is observable even in small finite systems of the size of nuclei5.
Verrucous presentation in patients with mycosis fungoides

Mycosis fungoides is a potentially fatal skin condition whose variable clinical appearance may mimic a variety of benign, inflammatory dermatoses, making it a diagnostic challenge. Three patients with mycosis fungoides, treated with multiple approved topical and systemic therapies, presented with acquired verrucous lesions on the extremities. The verrucous presentation of mycosis fungoides is one of the many atypical forms of the disease, with a paucity of documented cases in the medical literature. Although rare, verrucous and hyperkeratotic lesions in mycosis fungoides may increase the risk of considerable diagnostic delay if clinicians do not maintain a high degree of suspicion in cases of acquired verrucous lesions in the appropriate clinical setting.
Glial-endothelial crosstalk regulates blood–brain barrier function

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of unique endothelial cells (ECs) that regulate the delicate central nervous system (CNS) microenvironment. During development, vasculature sprouts from the perivascular neural plexus and penetrates the CNS parenchyma. Recent studies indicate that these nascent vessels rely on radial glia (RG)-secreted factors for guidance and barrier induction. This early association also sustains astrocyte development, allowing for a tight interaction between these mature glia and ECs. The astrocyte-EC interface is crucial to BBB function and is substantially modified during pathology. Understanding the relationship between astrocytes and ECs lays the groundwork for advancing protective therapies that target neuroinflammatory disorders.
The benefits of statistical visualization in an immersive environment

We have created an immersive application for statistical graphics and have investigated what benefits it offers over more traditional data analysis tools. We present a description of both the traditional data analysis tools and our virtual environment, and results of an experiment designed to determine if an immersive environment based on the XGobi desktop system provides advantages over XGobi for analysis of high-dimensional statistical data. The experiment included two aspects of each environment: three structure detection (visualization) tasks and one ease of interaction task. The subjects were given these tasks in both the C2 virtual environment and a workstation running XGobi. The experiment results showed an improvement in participants' ability to perform structure detection tasks in the C2 to their performance in the desktop environment. However, participants were more comfortable with the interaction tools in the desktop system.
Growth of the Chick Embryo in Relation to its Food Supply

The rate of growth of the chick embryo depends upon an inherent growth rate, probably identical for all breeds. This rate is modified during incubation in direct proportion to a function of egg size. The increments in wet weight of the embryo are proportional to a function of the weight of the yolk sac, from the time of establishment of the circulation to the time of the changes preparatory to hatching. Both function and proportionality are probably identical for all breeds of chicken, regardless of egg size. The growth in weight of the allantois and the yolk sac have been measured quantitatively for the first time. The weight of the allantois in eggs of different sizes is roughly proportional to the two-thirds power of egg weight after the first three or four days of its growth. During the initial period of its development the relative size is apparently independent of breed, egg size, or embryo weight. The yolk-sac weight in eggs of different sizes is roughly proportional to the circumference of the yolk after a similar initial period of independent growth. Inclusion of the living material in the embryonic membranes in calculations of the rate of physiological processes of the embryo indicates that they are probably of the same order of magnitude throughout the incubation period rather than of sharply decreasing magnitude as supposed by some previous workers.
Associations between stream valley geomorphology and riparian vegetation as a basis for landscape analysis in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, USA

Ten streams in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, were classified into six geomorphic valley types and sampled to determine environmental and riparian vegetation conditions. The geomorphic valley types were relatively uniform geologically and hydrologically, collectively representing the range of stream environments in the region. There were significant associations between the geomorphic valley types and riparian community composition. These geomorphic-vegetation units are landscape elements which comprise the riparian ecosystems in the region. They differ in their ecological charactersitics and sensitivity to management. The system of landscape elements can be used to classify streams for the purposes of resource inventory, detailed ecological studies, and impact prediction.
EDE : Job well done, but job not yet done

I wandered into environment and development economics through an initially disconnected series of interests in the environment, development and, finally, economics. Family camping trips instilled in me a love of nature from an early age, but growing up in the US industrial heartland in the 1960s also exposed me (literally) to serious pollution problems. My home state of Ohio is famous for having a river that caught on fire. It is also on the shores of Lake Erie, which was the source of my family's Friday fish dinners untilmercury contamination closed the fishery. About the only business in my rural hometown was a waste dump, which contaminated all the wells in the town and forced the town to develop a more costly water source.
The influence of plasma and serum on the chemotactic response to plaque.

The chemotactic response of human PMNL cells to: 1) normal plasma or serum, 2) heat inactivated plasma or serum, 3) autologous plaque mixed with saline, 4) autologous plaque mixed with a complement source (plasma or serum), and 5) autologous plaque mixed with heat inactivated plasma or serum was examined using the Boyden chamber technique. The results indicated serum to be more chemotactic than plasma but that the chemotactic properties of both were heat labile. The addition of autologous plasma to plaque enhanced the chemotactic response in some subjects and inhibited the response in others. Similarly, heat inactivated plasma mixed with autologous plaque suspension strongly inhibited the chemotactic response in 30 % of the subjects tested. The mechanism of this inhibition is unknown but cross matching experiments between individuals indicated that this effect was transferable by plasma.
On a criterion for locating stable stationary solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations

On donne une estimation superieure uniforme explicite a la borne de Constantin-Foias-Ternam et on donne une forme applicable explicite aux conditions suffisantes. On considere seulement le cas a 2 dimensions
Immunization with recombinant paraflagellar rod protein induces protective immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi infection

In the present study, we have produced recombinant paraflagellar rod proteins (PFR) and report their use for successful vaccination of mice against Trypanosoma cruzi. This protection is associated with a highly polarized type 1 cytokine production profile. Additionally, we have analyzed the gene sequence encoding PFR-2 to determine the degree of conservation among seven highly diverse strains of T. cruzi, and found it to be highly conserved. The results presented here indicate that the PFR antigens are highly conserved, and immunization with rPFR-1, PFR-2, or an equimolar mix of the PFR-1, -2, and -3 proteins provides protective immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi.
Observer Reliability and Human Inference

This paper presents a formal analysis of the problem of determining the inferential impact of the information in a composite report from a collection of unreliable observers or sensors. Each sensor reports one of a finite number of possible states of a data system linked probabilistically with an ``objective system'' whose condition is to be inferred from the data state. The principal assumptions are that the sensors do not ``collaborate'' in making their reports and that their reports are conditioned only by the existing data state and not by the actual, unobservable state of the objective system. Use of the notion of conditional independence to express these assumptions gives the analytic expressions a tractable form which sheds light on various inference issues. The paper also briefly discusses current empirical research on the question of how well people actually adjust the impact of inferential evidence to correspond to the unreliability of the sources of information.
Epididymal protein targets: a brief history of the development of epididymal protease inhibitor as a contraceptive

The Laboratories for Reproductive Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill began collaboration with Human Genome Sciences (Rockville MD USA) to sequence a human epididymal library and identify epididymal specific genes. Among the first clones obtained from Human Genome Sciences was a clone for EPPIN (official symbol SPINLW1). Our laboratory has described EPPIN (Epididymal protease inhibitor) as a novel gene on human chromosome 20q12-13.2 which encodes a cysteine-rich protein containing both Kunitz-type and WAP-type four disulfide core consensus sequences that characterize it as a protease inhibitor. EPPIN expresses three mRNA splice variants that encode two protein isoforms found in the testis and epididymis. Of the two isoforms one is secreted and one lacks a secretory signal piece. EPPIN is predominantly a dimer although multiples often exist and in its native form EPPIN is found on the sperm surface complexed with lactotransferrin and clusterin. During ejaculation semenogelin from the seminal vesicles is bound to the EPPIN protein complex initiating a series of events that define EPPINs function: modulating PSA activity providing antimicrobial protection and binding semenogelin thereby inhibiting sperm motility. As PSA hydrolyses semenogelin in the ejaculate coagulum spermatozoa gain progressive motility. Using immunization as a tool to study antigen function we demonstrated that EPPIN is essential for fertility because immunization of male monkeys with recombinant EPPIN results in complete but reversible contraception. To exploit our understanding of EPPINs function we have developed a high throughput screen to look for compounds that inhibit EPPIN-semenogelin interaction and mimic anti-EPPIN inhibiting sperm motility. These compounds are now being developed into a non-hormonal male contraceptive.
Look-ahead flight path control for solar sail spacecraft

Recent investigations of trajectory options that incorporate solar sails have been motivated by missions to observe planetary poles or to communicate with an outpost at the lunar south pole. Design...
The epidemiology of milk allergy in US children.

Abstract Background Milk is one of the most common food allergies in US children, yet little is known about its distribution and diagnosis. Objective To better understand current pediatric milk allergy distribution and diagnosis trends in the United States. Methods A randomized, cross-sectional survey was administered to parents belonging to a representative sample of US households with children from June 2009 to February 2010. Data from 38,480 parents regarding demographic characteristics, allergic symptoms associated with food ingestion, and methods used to diagnose food allergy were collected and analyzed as weighted proportions. Adjusted models were estimated to examine association of these aspects with odds of milk allergy. Results Of the 3,218 children identified with food allergy, 657 (19.9%) were reported to have milk allergy. Asian (odds ratio [OR], 0.5) and black (OR, 0.4) children were half as likely as white children to develop milk allergy. The highest percentage of milk-allergic children (23.8%) were aged 6 to 10 years, and the lowest percentage of milk-allergic children (15.0%) were aged 11 to 15 years. Nearly one-third (31.4%) of children with milk allergy had a history of severe reactions. Compared with children with other food allergies, children with milk allergy had a higher odds of having physician-diagnosed allergy (OR, 1.7) and were twice as likely (OR, 2.1) to outgrow their milk allergy. Conclusion Childhood milk allergy, which accounts for one-fifth of US food allergies, is less prevalent among Asian and black children than white children. Although less than half of children with milk allergy received confirmatory testing, it is the most commonly diagnosed food allergy.
An Empirical Examination of the Three Dichotomies of Marketing Academe Model

This paper proposes a three dichotomies model that encompasses the performance of marketing faculty members in the areas of teaching, research, and service. First, each area is discussed in regard to marketing faculty member performance. Second, employing acceptable/unacceptable performance levels for teaching, research, and service, a 2 × 2 × 2 matrix of eight cells is proposed. One hundred nine chairs, a 24 percent sample response rate, completed a Web survey that addressed four research questions. Chairs rated 930 marketing faculty as being 87 percent effective teachers, 66 percent productive researchers, and 71 percent involved service providers. Forty-seven percent of total faculty performed satisfactorily in all three performance areas. Study results confirmed different performance levels based on institutional mission (teaching, research, or balanced institution), public/private financing, and union/nonunion organizational status. These findings provide insight for marketing faculty members and off...
How to avoid one thousand opportunities to do harm in genomic medicine

With the advent of whole genome sequencing made clinically available, the number of incidental findings is likely to rise. False positive incidental findings are of particular clinical concern, and they can usefully be classified into four categories. In order of increasing challenge, there is first, the substantial proportion of 'textbook cases' of mutations documented to cause human disease in a highly penetrant Mendelian fashion, which are incorrectly annotated in the databases. The second is the technical/measurement error rate in genome-scale sequencing. Third is the incorrect assignment of prior probabilities for much of our genetic and genomic knowledge. The fourth derives from testing multiple hypotheses across millions of variants. I will describe the nature of these components, provide rough estimates for the magnitude of the problem and point out existing approaches that will serve to control the growth of these aspects of the incidentalome.
Photonic Bus Connecting Atomic-Ensemble Spin-Wave Quantum Memories

A single spin-wave quantum (magnon) is transferred phase-coherently between two atomic ensembles via a dark state of an optical resonator. Partial transfer results in an entangled state, with the magnon shared between the two ensembles.
Cardiac Structure and Function in Women Basketball Athletes: Seasonal Variation and Comparisons with Nonathletic Controls

Abstract To characterize hypertrophy and quantify seasonal changes in cardiac structure and function of women collegiate basketball (BB) athletes (n = 15), echocardiography (echo) measurements were made in the fall (FALL1), winter (WIN), and spring (SPR), then again during the subsequent fall (FALL2; n = 10). Comparisons were made to age-matched nonathletes (NA) measured during FALL1 (n = 22) and SPR (n = 5). Left ventricular (LV) internal dimension–diastole (LVIDd), LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), stroke volume (SV), LV mass (LVM), septal thickness (IVS), LV posterior wall thickness (LVPW), right ventricular (RV) internal dimension-diastole (RVIDd), and aortic root diameter (AOD) were significantly larger (12–70%) in the athletes; RVIDd-, LVEDV-, SV-, and LVM-index were also significantly greater (8–46%). From FALL1 to SPR measurement periods, LVWd, RVWd, LVEDV, SV, IVS, and LVM-index increased significantly (7–18%) in the athletes. Over the same period of time, LVIDd, LAD, AOD, LVEDV, and SV measured i...
Neuropsychological correlates of school achievement in young children: longitudinal findings with a construct valid perceptual processing instrument.

Abstract A form discrimination and a form copying test developed using constructs from basic research in form perception were administered to first-, second-, and thirdgrade children. Relationships between performance on these tests and achievement scores were investigated both concurrently and over a 2–year follow-up period. These analyses demonstrated the relevance of visual-perceptual factors to academic achievement at all grade levels. Additionally, the pattern of relationships obtained substantiated the existence of age trends in the relationship between perceptual processing factors and academic achievement as has been hypothesized in the child neuropsychology literature.
Anoxic encephalopathy: Neuroradiological and neuropsychological findings

Abstract The effects of anoxic brain injury are examined in 12 patients. Neuroradiological as welt as neuropsychological findings are discussed and clinical guidelines offered. The most common neuropsychological profile associated with anoxic brain injury is one in which there is generalized cognitive impairment but with particular deficits in memory function. The common neuropathological findings are manifested by a pattern of diffuse cerebral atrophy as identified by neuroimaging techniques. A detailed case study is presented.
Give us this day: The grain meme in environmental and food justice discourse

In 1976, Richard Dawkins drew upon evolutionary principles to examine the replication of cultural ideas, coining the term “meme,” analogous to “gene,” to describe ideas that replicate, evolve, and take hold of a culture. With regard to food and food systems, memes often work against measures to enhance the sustainability and health benefits of consumer food choices, as well as global food policy. One meme that operates within environmental and human rights discourse is that increased production, distribution and consumption of grain is the primary solution to global hunger. However, while easily stored, grain is nutritionally insufficient if over-dominant in the diet. Thus, over-dependence on grain may exacerbate malnutrition in less developed countries (LDCs), while leading to obesity in wealthy nations. Moreover, efforts to radically alter the nutritional content of grains have yet to succeed and increased production has displaced more nutritional staples in LDCs, has caused grain prices to dramatically fluctuate, and has relegated the vast bulk of production to multi-national corporations and their contractors.
Efficient target tracking using mobile sensors

A mathematical model for tracking of a moving target by multiple mobile sensors in the framework of a partially observable Markov decision process is discussed. Applications include the use of a fleet of unmanned aerial vehicles for purposes such as search, surveillance, and target tracking. Computationally efficient approximate policies for controlling the mobile sensors are proposed, and a guarantee on their performance losses relative to that of the optimal policy is provided. Simulation results show that our proposed policies do perform close to the optimum for certain stationary models in which a mobile sensor can always move as fast as the target.
Predictors of Satisfaction Following Total Knee Arthroplasty

Despite the success of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), numerous studies report that nearly one in five patients who underwent TKA was unsatisfied with their outcome. The purpose of our study was to identify the preoperative factors predictive of satisfaction following well-performed TKA. Using improvement in patient-reported outcomes less than the minimally clinically important change as an indicator of dissatisfaction in a cohort of primary TKA patients, we found that patients with greater preoperative pain and disability with less severe degradation in health-related quality of life were more likely to be satisfied with the result of TKA. Balancing severity of symptoms and impact to quality of life is important when counseling patients considering TKA.
Rhythmic dentinogenesis in the rabbit incisor: allometric aspects.

We have described differences in the aspects of biological rhythms for calcium and sulfur deposition on the labial and lingual sides of the growing rabbit incisor, where growth occurs along a spiral axis. The calcium oscillations appear to be smoother on the labial side than on the lingual side. The lingual side is characterized by high-frequency rhythms with high amplitudes which possess the greatest percent of the power (Fourier analysis). These observations also reflect a difference in behavior of the mean Ca concentration across the labial and lingual sides. Sulfur rhythms on the labial side have higher amplitudes than those on the lingual side, but systematic differences in distribution of power between high and low frequencies is not as pronounced as in the case of Ca.
Current status of laser fusion research at Battelle.

The central research discussed is the analysis and control of laser-produced high-Z plasmas. Research consisting mainly of laser development, model and code development, and target irradiations is described. Some medical applications of the research are also mentioned. (MOW)
Free‐Volume Changes in Flexible, Hermetic Packages Containing Respiring Produce

To investigate free-volume changes in flexible, sealed packages containing respiring fruits and vegetables, a simple method based on the dilution of an injected gas (ethane) in the package was developed. Free-volume decreased steadily at 3 cm 3 /day after an initial transient period in low-density polyethylene packages (29-μm-thick film; 600-cm 2 surface area; initial free volume 285 cm 3 ) containing 40g of cut broccoli held at 0°C. A general transient model was developed that showed that free-volume changes in flexible packages were a function of differential film O 2 , CO 2 , and N 2 permeabilities and differential product O 2 uptake and CO 2 production rates. The model predicted that flushing packages with low permeative gases would decrease free-volume depletion rate, whereas flushing with highly permeative gases, such as CO 2 , would increase the initial rate considerably.
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 deletion is associated with decreased mid-term vein wall fibrosis in experimental stasis DVT

Introduction Post thrombotic syndrome therapy is primarily palliative, and the associated vein wall inflammatory mechanisms are unclear. Vein wall fibrotic injury following deep venous thrombosis (VT) is associated with elevated matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Whether and by what mechanism MMP9 directly contributes to vein wall remodeling after VT is unknown.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) update, Part 1.

(1999). Nexus: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Update, Part 1. Hospital Topics: Vol. 77, No. 4, pp. 28-31.
Representative Sampling in Large-Scale Surveys

(1939). Representative Sampling in Large-Scale Surveys. Journal of the American Statistical Association: Vol. 34, No. 206, pp. 343-352.
A Possible Basis for Allison Effect

Abstract The Allison effect was explained as a time lag in the Faraday effect. During the early thirties, this effect was extensively used for chemical analysis, especially for traces. Heavy hydrogen was first reported in the literature by this method and many other significant applications were made.
The Validation of the Factor Structure of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Expanded Version (BPRS-E) with Geriatric and Nongeriatric Psychiatric Inpatients:

The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Expanded (BPRS-E) is a widely used outcome measure that assesses change in psychiatric symptoms. The focus of the present study was to clarify and determine the factor structure of the BPRS-E with geriatric and nongeriatric psychiatric inpatients. Two previous studies found different factor structures for the BPRS-E, raising questions regarding appropriate subscore interpretations. To carry out this exploratory study, factor analyses were conducted on the BPRS-E ratings of 564 adult patients (54 geriatric and 510 nongeriatric) at a state psychiatric hospital. Obtained results suggest that there is a stable factor structure within the BPRS-E that allows for the reliable and valid interpretation of subscores for geriatric and nongeriatric psychiatric inpatients by social work researchers and treatment providers.
USE OF UNIVERSAL PREENRICHMENT MEDIUM SUPPLEMENTED WITH OXYRASETM FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 AND YERSINIA ENTEROCOLITICA

Universal Preenrichment (UP) medium was used successfully for the simultaneous recovery of two strains each of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Yersinia enterocolitica in the presence of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium. E. coli O157:H7 and Y. enterocolitica populations reached ca. 108 CFU/ml in UP medium in 18 h from an initial level ofca. 102 CFU/ml. Addition of OxyraseTM enhanced the growth of both E. coli O157:H7 strains and one strain of Y. enterocolitica. These three strains were able to recover from heat injury by 6 h when 24-h cultures were tested, but not when 18-h cultures were used. Injured and noninjured E. coli O157:H7 could be recovered from artificially inoculated food samples (shredded cheddar cheese, turkey ham, hot dogs, mayonnaise, and ground beef) in UP medium supplemented with OxyraseTM (UPO) by 18 h using immunoblotting. Y. enterocolitica could be recovered from turkey ham, hog dogs, and mayonnaise by direct plating on CIN agar from UPO medium. However, recovery of Y. enterocolitica from shredded cheddar cheese and ground beef required subsequent selective enrichment in sorbitol bile broth and isolation on Cefsulodin Irgasan Novobiocin agar (CIN). UPO medium can be used for simultaneous detection of E. coli O157:H7 and Y. enterocolitica from foods. However, subsequent selective enrichment and isolation on selective plating media are required for isolation of Y. enterocolitca from raw foods containing high population levels of background microflora.
Integrating the Computer Into Basic Business Courses

(1976). Integrating the Computer Into Basic Business Courses. The Journal of Business Education: Vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 277-280.
Adenosine-enhanced ischemic preconditioning provides myocardial protection equal to that of cold blood cardioplegia.

Abstract Background . We recently described a novel myoprotective protocol—adenosine-enhanced ischemic preconditioning (APC)—that extends the protection of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) by both reducing myocardial infarct size and enhancing postischemic functional recovery in the isolated perfused heart. In the present report the efficacy of APC in the blood-perfused heart was investigated and compared with that of cold blood cardioplegia (CBC). Methods . Cardiopulmonary bypass was instituted in 21 sheep hearts. The APC hearts (n = 6) received a bolus injection of adenosine through the aortic root at the immediate start of IPC (5 minutes of zero-flow global ischemia, followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion) before 30 minutes of global ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion. Nine other hearts received CBC. A control group (n = 6) received IPC only. Results . Infarct size was significantly decreased ( p p Conclusions . Use of APC is as effective as CBC in significantly decreasing infarct size and enhancing postischemic functional recovery.
VALIDITY OF THE SAMPLING WINDOW METHOD FOR LONG-RANGE DEPENDENT LINEAR PROCESSES

The sampling window method of Hall, Jing, and Lahiri (1998, Statistica Sinica 8, 1189–1204) is known to consistently estimate the distribution of the sample mean for a class of long-range dependent processes, generated by transformations of Gaussian time series. This paper shows that the same nonparametric subsampling method is also valid for an entirely different category of long-range dependent series that are linear with possibly non-Gaussian innovations. For these strongly dependent time processes, subsampling confidence intervals allow inference on the process mean without knowledge of the underlying innovation distribution or the long-memory parameter. The finite-sample coverage accuracy of the subsampling method is examined through a numerical study.The authors thank two referees for comments and suggestions that greatly improved an earlier draft of the paper. This research was partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DMS 00-72571 and DMS 03-06574 and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 475).
Effect of type of diet and feeding status on modulation of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase in rats

The effect of diet type and feeding status on hepatic HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) [mevalonate: NADP+ oxidoreductase (acylating CoA); EC 1.1.1.34] was studied in rats. Animals fed a ground, commercial, stock diet exhibited higher expressed and total activities of HMGR in the fed state than animals fed a semi-purified diet. The differences did not appear in meal-trained animals when measured before the onset of the meal after a 22-hr fast. When expressed activity was taken as a per cent of total activity, fed animals from both diet groups used about 10% of their available activity. When animals on commercial diets were fasted, 20% of the activity was expressed. Fasted animals on the semi-purified diet also increased the per cent of expressed reductase activity, but this increase was not as great (13.3%). These data suggest that, in the rat, regulation of cholesterol synthesis in response to decreased total HMGR during fasting and increased levels after a meal results from alterations in the percentage of enzyme which is expressed. The semi-purified diet used here resulted in consistently lower levels of HMG-CoA reductase activity than the commercial diet regardless of feeding pattern.
Quantitative description and differentiation of fundamental frequency contours

Fundamental frequency (f0) contours derived from the speech of 35 mothers to their 4-month-old infants were quantified for two experimental conditions, one in which the mother was instructed to seek her infant's attention and a second in which the mother was instructed to express approval of her infant's action. In addition to conventional descriptions (e.g. mean and standard deviation of f0, and utterance duration) the contours were subjected to modelling using 16 equations (1 linear and 15 non-linear) selected to reflect customary qualitative descriptions of f0 contours (e.g. Gaussian, rising, falling). Curve-fitting results confirmed that these infant-directed utterances were fit extremely well by at least one function. The average maximum R2 value obtained across all 16 equations was 0·83. Furthermore, discriminant analysis demonstrated that these two utterance types could be differentiated with 76% accuracy by these curve-fit results alone. Discrimination improved to 92% accuracy, however, when additional, more global descriptors were included in the discrimination function (e.g. utterance duration, mean fundamental). These results suggest that infants may be responsive to specific prosodic stimuli, which may involve distinct voice dynamics or more general speech signal characteristics, such as overall pitch, pitch variability, or utterance duration.
High-resolution studies of atmospheric IR emission spectra

Atmospheric emission spectra obtained with two different spectrometer systems are presented. The first system (the BOMEM Michelson interferometer) is designed for emission work. Spectra were obtained under adverse conditions in the Antarctic, and are still of good absolute accuracy. The second system (a modified Bruker Instruments IFS120 very high spectral resolution interferometer) demonstrates the sensitivity that can be achieved even at higher spectral resolution. This system shows that mid-IR atmospheric emission spectra can be obtained with a good SNR in a reasonable length of time at a relatively high resolution. A properly designed high resolution system should achieve high accuracy, sensitivity, and resolution, thereby permitting measurements of many atmospheric constituents when solar spectra cannot be obtained.
A theory of the spatial distribution of foreign direct investment

Abstract The absence of a consensus on a theoretical framework to guide empirical work on foreign direct investment (FDI) is rather conspicuous. The contribution of this paper lies in developing a structural model to facilitate empirical analyses directed toward assessing the role of various potential determinants of the spatial distribution of FDI. The model presented in this paper combines elements of the trade literature on imperfect competition with the strategy literature on multinationals to derive an explicit solution for the distribution of FDI in terms of its potential determinants, allowing FDI to serve both the host-country market and the export market. It allows for product differentiation between final products by brand name as well as the country of origin and takes into account an environment that is subject to uncertainty in the appropriation of the potential revenue.
On the Validity of Commonly Used Covariance and Variogram Functions on the Sphere

Covariance and variogram functions have been extensively studied in Euclidean space. In this article, we investigate the validity of commonly used covariance and variogram functions on the sphere. In particular, we show that the spherical and exponential models, as well as power variograms with 0<α≤1, are valid on the sphere. However, two Radon transforms of the exponential model, Cauchy model, the hole-effect model and power variograms with 1<α≤2 are not valid on the sphere. A table that summarizes the validity of commonly used covariance and variogram functions on the sphere is provided.
Lack of correlation between enterococcal counts and the presence of human specific fecal markers in Mississippi creek and coastal waters

The objective of this study was to determine whether statistically valid correlations could be shown between enterococcal counts of samples from creek and coastal sites and the presence of two molecular, library-independent markers that specify human and/or sewage pollution. Four hundred ninety samples were collected between August 2007 and April 2009 to determine enterococcal counts and the presence of genetic markers for the sewage indicator organisms Methanobrevibacter smithii and Bacteroidales. The presence of human/sewage markers and enterococcal counts were higher in creek samples than coastal samples, but the higher creek levels did not statistically correlate with the either enterococcal count or the presence of the markers present in coastal samples. Furthermore, there was no correlation between enterococcal counts in coastal samples and either marker at any of the beach sites tested. The results of this investigation in Mississippi coastal waters suggest that human/sewage markers are unlikely to correlate with enterococci counts in the nearshore environment and that enterococcal counts may be indicative of other animal or environmental sources. Additionally, a study comparing conventional gel electrophoresis with capillary electrophoresis did not convincingly establish that one method was better than the other in regard to the results obtained. The capillary method does allow reproducibility of results and the ability to analyze multiple samples in a short period of time; however, the operational expenditures exceed the cost of traditional gel electrophoresis.
Patron Saints: Five Rebels Who Opened America to a New Art, 1928-1943

This work of cultural history tells the stories of five young art patrons - Lincoln Kirstein, Edward M.M. Warburg, Agnes Mongan, James Thrall Soby and A. Everett (Chick) Austin, Jr - who, in the late 1920s and 1930s, were instrumental in bringing modern painting, sculpture and dance to America.
Contagious Flow Antecedents and Consequences of Optimal Experience in the Classroom

The current study examined undergraduate student understanding of, and interest in, course material as potential antecedents to student experiences of flow within a classroom setting. In addition, ...
Dietary glycine prevents increases in hepatocyte proliferation caused by the peroxisome proliferator WY-14,643.

Peroxisome proliferators are a group of nongenotoxic carcinogens which include a number of hypolipidemic drugs, solvents, and industrial plasticizers. Although the mechanism by which they cause cancer remains unknown, one likely possibility is that they act as tumor promoters by increasing cell proliferation. Hepatic Kupffer cells represent a rich source of mitogenic cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF alpha) and are stimulated by peroxisome proliferators. Since glycine prevents activation of Kupffer cells, these experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that a diet containing glycine could block the mitogenic effect of the peroxisome proliferator [[4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)pyrimidinyl]thio]acetic acid (WY-14,643). The effects of a glycine-enriched diet on WY-14,643-induced increases in cell proliferation after a single dose or after feeding WY-14,643 in the diet for 3 weeks were assessed. As expected, 24 h after a single dose of WY-14,643, rates of cell proliferation increased from basal values of 0.7 +/- 0.3% to 5.1 +/- 0.5%. Glycine largely prevented the increase caused by WY-14,643 with proliferation only reaching 1.9 +/- 0.4% (p < 0.05). Acyl CoA oxidase increased from 1.4 +/- 0.1 to 3.5 +/- 0.6 nmol of H2O2 min-1 (mg of protein)-1 (p < 0.05) indicating that peroxisome-specific enzyme activity was induced about 2-fold in livers of WY-14,643-treated rats after 24 h. Unlike cell proliferation, however, acyl CoA oxidase was not affected by dietary glycine, consistent with the hypothesis that cell proliferation and peroxisome proliferation occur via different mechanisms. After 3 weeks, dietary glycine reduced basal rates of cell proliferation by about 50% and completely prevented the sustained 5-fold increase in cell proliferation caused by feeding WY-14,643. Moreover, the 3-fold increase in TNF alpha mRNA caused by WY-14,643 was blocked completely by the glycine-enriched diet. Similarly, immunohistochemical staining for TNF alpha was increased 6-fold by WY-14,643, an increase which was prevented by dietary glycine. However, the 6-fold increase in acyl CoA oxidase activity was unaffected by glycine under similar conditions demonstrating that a diet containing 5% glycine prevents increased hepatocyte proliferation caused by a potent peroxisome proliferator without affecting induction of peroxisomes. These data demonstrate that a glycine-enriched diet prevents stimulated cell proliferation most likely by inhibiting TNF alpha production and raise the possibility that dietary glycine will be effective in preventing cancer caused by nongenotoxic carcinogens such as WY-14,643.
Field mapping the dipole magnets for the University of Colorado energy-loss spectrograph

Abstract Using a comparatively inexpensive mechanical hoop and Hall effect probe it was possible to map the dipole magnets of the University of Colorado's energy-loss spectrograph with a precision of 1 part in 10 4 for the integrated value of magnetic field along bending radii through the magnets. The limiting factors in precision were an instability of field measurements caused by electronic noise and neglect in interpolation calculations of a measured asymmetry of the magnetic field about th e median plane. Hall effect errors caused by regions with gradient s and higher derivatives in the magnetic field, although potentially a serious problem, were found less important in the present case because of the small extent of such regions compared to the larger uniform field regions.
Pressure independence of the fluorescence quenching of NO*2

Abstract The results obtained demonstrate that the fluorescence yield of NO 2 /N 2 mixtures of constant NO 2 concentration over the pressure range of 100 to 760 Torr is constant. Similar results were found for NO 2 /air mixtures over a smaller pressure range. These results imply that fluorescence quenching by foreign gases follows a linear or Stern-Volmer quenching law.
Optical Weak Link between Two Spatially Separated Bose-Einstein Condensates

Two spatially separate Bose-Einstein condensates were prepared in an optical double-well potential. A bidirectional coupling between the two condensates was established by two pairs of Bragg beams which continuously outcoupled atoms in opposite directions. The atomic currents induced by the optical coupling depend on the relative phase of the two condensates and on an additional controllable coupling phase. This was observed through symmetric and antisymmetric correlations between the two outcoupled atom fluxes. A Josephson optical coupling of two condensates in a ring geometry is proposed. The continuous outcoupling method was used to monitor slow relative motions of two elongated condensates and characterize the trapping potential.
Acute respiratory failure and pulmonary arteritis without parenchymal involvement: demonstration in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

A 28-year-old woman with an eight-year history of rheumatoid arthritis presented with a three-day history of dyspnea. Physical and electrocardiographic findings were consistent with pulmonary hypertension. Arterial blood gases revealed a ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Chest roentgenogram was normal. After transient improvement, she suddenly deteriorated and died. At autopsy, a necrotizing pulmonary panarteritis was found without parenchymal involvement by rheumatoid disease. The pulmonary arteries were the only vessels affected. Immunofluorescent staining revealed immunoproteins scattered throughout the vessel walls without localization to the basement membrane. The unique features of the case are discussed in relation to pulmonary hypertension and rheumatoid lung disease in which vascular lesions are usually associated with honeycomb lung. The association between the rheumatoid arthritis and pulmonary vasculitis was probably coincidental.
Cooperative growth at interphase boundaries in solid-solid and solid-liquid systems

Presentation d'un modele thermodynamique de la reaction de precipitation a l'interphase dans l'acier Fe−C−V traite comme un systeme pseudobinaire. Application plus generale aux systemes solide-solide et solide-liquide