cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Many-Body Effect of the Electron-Phonon Interaction on the Thermoelectricity in Metals

The many-body effect of the electron-phonon interaction on the electron-diffusion thermopower is calculated microscopically. It is shown that the thermopower is enhanced not by the mass enhancement but also significantly by a new mechanism, arising from the electron-phonon modification of the quasi-particle velocity. The effect of the above result on the high field adiabatic Nernst-Ettingshausen coefficient, and the magneto-thermopower is discussed.
Design of Portable Media Player Based on Linux And MIPS-Core Au1200 Processor

Based on the core of RMI Aul200, a portable media player (PMP) is designed for multimedia entertainment. To acquire the best result, Linux2.6 kernel is used as the operating system. According to the layered architecture of system software, bottom driving program and multimedia application are designed for those specific equipments. The design and implementation of system hardware, software and file system are introduced in details. The equipment acquires excellent effect and has been put into production.
Hardy-Weinberg Testing of a Single Homozygous Genotype

No proper statistical test is available for the evaluation of deviation of a single homozygous genotype from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) proportion. We propose a 1-d.f. χ2-test. The power of the proposed test is favorable compared to existing HWE testing procedures. The applications of this test are discussed.
Increased lipogenesis and resistance of lipoproteins to oxidative modification in two patients with glycogen storage disease type 1a

Abstract We describe 2 patients with glycogen storage disease type 1a and severe hyperlipidemia without premature atherosclerosis. Susceptibility of low-density lipoproteins to oxidation was decreased, possibly related to the ~40-fold increase in palmitate synthesis altering lipoprotein saturated fatty acid contents. These findings are potentially relevant for antihyperlipidemic treatment in patients with glycogen storage disease type 1a. (J Pediatr 2002;140:256-60)
Identification, sequence and expression of a crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) gene in the moth Manduca sexta.

SUMMARY The crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) gene was isolated from the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta . The gene has an open reading frame of 125 amino acid residues containing a single, complete copy of CCAP. Analysis of the gene structure revealed three introns interrupting the coding region. A comparison of the M. sexta CCAP gene with the Drosophila melanogaster genome database reveals significant similarities in sequence and gene structure. The spatial and temporal expression patterns of the CCAP gene in the M. sexta central nervous system were determined in all major post-embryonic stages using in situ hybridization techniques. The CCAP gene is expressed in a total of 116 neurons in the post-embryonic M. sexta central nervous system. Nine pairs of cells are observed in the brain, 4.5 pairs in the subesophageal ganglion, three pairs in each thoracic ganglion (T1-T3), three pairs in the first abdominal ganglion (A1), five pairs each in the second to sixth abdominal ganglia (A2-A6) and 7.5 pairs in the terminal ganglion. The CCAP gene is expressed in every ganglion in each post-embryonic stage, except in the thoracic ganglia of first- and second-instar larvae. The number of cells expressing the CCAP gene varies during post-embryonic life, starting at 52 cells in the first instar and reaching a maximum of 116 shortly after pupation. One set of thoracic neurons expressing CCAP mRNA shows unusual variability in expression levels immediately prior to larval ecdysis. Using previously published CCAP immunocytochemical data, it was determined that 91 of 95 CCAP-immunopositive neurons in the M. sexta central nervous system also express the M. sexta CCAP gene, indicating that there is likely to be only a single CCAP gene in M. sexta.
Plasma Experiment for Planetary Exploration (PEPE) on DS1

The Plasma Experiment for Planetary Exploration, PEPE, is a space plasma energy, angle, and mass/charge spectrometer now taking data aboard the Deep Space 1 (DS1) spacecraft. PEPE required several advanced technologies and specialized construction techniques to meet its targeted cost, schedule, mass, power, and volume reductions compared to previous plasma sensor packages such as the NASA Cassini mission Plasma Spectrometer. It was designed to validate technologies and techniques for these resource savings so that future plasma instrumentation can use fewer resources and continue to have frequent access to space. PEPE was also designed to monitor the effect that the ion engine on DS1 has on the spacecraft environment and determine the impact of ion engines on future scientific instrumentation and measurements. PEPE has produced both high quality data and science, fully demonstrating that its new technologies can produce a viable instrument compatible with an ion propelled spacecraft.
History and Current Status of Robotic Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass

Robotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) is a minimally invasive endoscopic surgical approach using the daVinci robotic telemanipulation system to perform coronary artery bypass grafting on the arrested or beating heart. It is a procedure that can be a useful alternative to the classic open procedure performed through sternotomy. After extensive modeling in cadavers, the first clinical case was performed in June 1998 placing a left internal thoracic artery graft (LITA) to the left anterior descending artery completely robotically on the arrested heart. During the early and late 2000s, international groups have adopted this evolving technology, which has included iterations such as beating-heart TECAB, use of bilateral ITA grafting and radial artery grafting, as well as 3- and 4-vessel TECAB. TECAB is combined with percutaneous coronary intervention in hybrid procedures. Despite increasing complexity of endoscopic coronary bypass surgery, conversion rates to open bypass surgery have dropped significantly and operative times have decreased. Published major morbidities and mortality rates in arrested-and beating-heart TECAB have been cumulatively in the 0-2% range and are considered well within the expected range for these highly complex surgical procedures. Long-term survival and freedom from major adverse events also meet the standards of open bypass surgery.
An investigation of the low temperature infrared spectrum of solid films of thiazyl chloride, NSCl

Abstract The infrared spectrum of solid films of thiazyl chloride on varioussubstrates cooled with liquid nitrogen has been investigated from 95 to 4000 cm −1 , The investigation showed the existence of two forms of the solid thiazyl chloride films: one form with main peaks at 1346, 350 and 256 cm −1 , and another form with main peaks at 1397.0, 205 and 140 cm −1 . The latter form was interpreted in terms of the thiazyl cation (NS) + . The infrared spectrum of gaseous thiazyl chloride was also investigated for comparison purposes. The three fundamental vibrations, ν 1 (NS stretch), ν 2 (SCI stretch) and ν 3 (bending), were directly observed at 1324.0, 417.8 and 271 cm −1 , respectively. Nitrogen and chlorine isotopes were used to verify the assignments.
Pricing, competition, and routing in relay networks

We study multi-hop relay networks where pricing is used to provide incentives for forwarding traffic. In these networks, nodes price their services strategically to maximize its profit from forwarding traffic, and allocate their received traffic to service providers to minimize the amount paid. In the resulting pricing game, we show that the socially optimal network routing can always be induced by an equilibrium. However, inefficient equilibria also exist. In particular, we show that inefficiencies stem from the intrinsic multi-hop network structure and can give rise to an infinite price of anarchy. This phenomenon is a fundamental issue for multi-hop networks, which persists even when the source has elastic demand.
Location Matters: Clarifying the Concept of Nuclear and Cytosolic CaMKII Subtypes

Rationale: Differential effects of δB and δC subtypes of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) on cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling and survival have been suggested to result from their respective nuclear versus cytosolic localizations. CaMKIIδ subtype localization and its relationship to enzyme activation and target phosphorylation have not, however, been systematically evaluated. Objective: To determine whether CaMKIIδ subtypes are restricted to a particular subcellular location and assess the relationship of localization to enzyme activation and function. Methods and Results: CaMKIIδ is highly expressed in mouse heart and cardiomyocytes and concentrated in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)/membrane and nuclear fractions. CaMKIIδB and δC subtypes differ by a nuclear localization sequence, but both are present in nuclear and SR/membrane fractions. Nonselective subtype distribution is also seen in mice overexpressing CaMKIIδB or δC, even in a CaMKIIδ null background. Fluorescently tagged CaMKIIδB expressed in cardiomyocytes concentrates in nuclei whereas δC concentrates in cytosol, but neither localization is exclusive. Mouse hearts exposed to phenylephrine show selective CaMKIIδ activation in the nuclear (versus SR) compartment, whereas caffeine selectively activates CaMKIIδ in SR (versus nuclei), independent of subtype. Compartmentalized activation extends to functional differences in target phosphorylation at CaMKII sites: phenylephrine increases histone deacetylase 5 phosphorylation (Ser498) but not phospholamban (Thr17), whereas the converse holds for caffeine. Conclusions: These studies demonstrate that CaMKIIδB and δC are not exclusively restricted to the nucleus and cytosol and that spatial and functional specificity in CaMKIIδ activation is elicited by mobilization of different Ca2+ stores rather than by compartmentalized subtype localization. # Novelty and Significance {#article-title-51}
Expressing Positive Emotions within Online Support Groups by Women with Breast Cancer

Based upon Fredrickson's Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions, this study examined the role of expressing positive emotions in online support groups for women with breast cancer. Underserved women with breast cancer in rural Wisconsin and Detroit, Michigan were recruited from 2001 to 2003, and they were given access to online support groups. Both pretest and four-month posttest surveys were conducted with a sample of 231 women. Messages from 96 active participants were analyzed using a computerized text analysis program. Psychological benefits that occurred following the expression of positive emotions were greater among those who expressed more negative emotions.
Uptake, p53 Pathway Activation, and Cytotoxic Responses for Co(II) and Ni(II) in Human Lung Cells: Implications for Carcinogenicity

Cobalt(II) and nickel(II) ions display similar chemical properties and act as hypoxia mimics in cells. However, only soluble Co(II) but not soluble Ni(II) is carcinogenic by inhalation. To explore potential reasons for these differences, we examined responses of human lung cells to both metals. We found that Co(II) showed almost 8 times higher accumulation than Ni(II) in H460 cells but caused a less efficient activation of the transcriptional factor p53 as measured by its accumulation, Ser15 phosphorylation, and target gene expression. Unlike Ni(II), Co(II) was ineffective in downregulating the p53 inhibitor MDM4 (HDMX). Co(II)-treated cells continued DNA replication at internal doses that caused massive apoptosis by Ni(II). Apoptosis and the overall cell death by Co(II) were delayed and weaker than by Ni(II). Inhibition of caspases but not programmed necrosis pathways suppressed Co(II)-induced cell death. Knockdown of p53 produced 50%-60% decreases in activation of caspases 3/7 and expression of 2 most highly upregulated proapoptotic genes PUMA and NOXA by Co(II). Overall, p53-mediated apoptosis accounted for 55% cell death by Co(II), p53-independent apoptosis for 20%, and p53/caspase-independent mechanisms for 25%. Similar to H460, normal human lung fibroblasts and primary human bronchial epithelial cells had several times higher accumulation of Co(II) than Ni(II) and showed a delayed and weaker caspase activation by Co(II). Thus, carcinogenicity of soluble Co(II) could be related to high survival of metal-loaded cells, which permits accumulation of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. High cytotoxicity of soluble Ni(II) causes early elimination of damaged cells and is expected to be cancer suppressive.
Quantification of Field Resistance to Verticillium dahliae in Eight Russet-Skinned Potato Cultivars Using Real-Time PCR

Changes in potato production over the past 10 to 20 years, have resulted in increased emphasis being placed on breeding for resistance to Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. While many russet-skinned cultivars recently have been released with reported resistance to Verticillium wilt, information is lacking on the level of pathogen colonization, and therefore, the level of true genetic resistance is not known. Eight russet-skinned cultivars were grown in field trials with low and high levels of V. dahliae in the soil, and evaluated for wilt, stem colonization, yield, and tuber vascular discoloration. A recently developed QPCR assay was validated, with strong relationships to culture plating assays over three stem sampling dates. Additionally, stem colonization levels, as determined by QPCR, were related to wilt and tuber vascular discoloration. However, total yield did not exhibit a strong relationship to any other parameter evaluated in this study. Results from these studies indicate that varying levels of true resistance are present in the russet-skinned cultivars evaluated, and that the QPCR assay can be reliable in rapidly evaluating resistance to V. dahliae under field conditions. Based on pathogen quantification using stem colonization derived from traditional plating assays and QPCR, the resistance level of several cultivars is more clearly defined and discussed.
Discovery, Optimization, and Characterization of Novel Chlorcyclizine Derivatives for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Recently, we reported that chlorcyclizine (CCZ, Rac-2), an over-the-counter antihistamine piperazine drug, possesses in vitro and in vivo activity against hepatitis C virus. Here, we describe structure–activity relationship (SAR) efforts that resulted in the optimization of novel chlorcyclizine derivatives as anti-HCV agents. Several compounds exhibited EC50 values below 10 nM against HCV infection, cytotoxicity selectivity indices above 2000, and showed improved in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. The optimized molecules can serve as lead preclinical candidates for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection and as probes to study hepatitis C virus pathogenesis and host–virus interaction.
Improved method for extraction of castor seed for toxin determination

Abstract The identification of castor seeds with low ricin content is a key goal of the breeding effort to make castor a safer and widely accepted crop. However, the procedure used to obtain the seed protein fraction containing ricin is a limiting factor for screening large numbers of seeds. Usually, the seed is extracted with acetone by grinding with mortar and pestle to remove oil, generating a fine powder from which the soluble protein is extracted. This procedure is laborious and the powder is a serious inhalation hazard. This report describes an alternative procedure: homogenization of seed in toluene, extraction into buffer and centrifugal separation of the aqueous and solvent phases, thus avoiding production of a hazardous powder. Samples prepared using the two methods had similar ricin levels, but the use of toluene and buffer extraction allows higher throughput for ricin analysis and eliminates the inhalation hazard from castor acetone powders.
Race and Nation: Super-Ordinate Identities, Sub-Group Attachments, and Hostility To Immigrants

This paper investigates the influence of national attachments among Black and White Americans. Research on national attachments (e.g., patriotism, nationalism) has gained wide currency among political behavior scholars, as it couples strong theoretical mechanisms with well-behaved measures to examine the influence of these attachments on political decision-making. Yet this line of research makes two key assumptions: First, that these constructs are effectively measured across different racial groups; and second, that these constructs generate similar patterns of political behavior across racial swathes of the U.S. This paper systematically tests these interlocking assumptions. Against the backdrop of anti-immigrant hostility, we use an original Internet survey of African Americans (n = 1,'007 and White Americans (n = 1,'007 that was expressly designed for this purpose. This new dataset enables us to: 1) validate several measures of national attachment across Blacks and Whites in the U.S.; and 2) gauge the predictive validity of these measures across both racial groups. Preliminary analyses suggest, first, that measures of national attachment are statistically non-invariant across Blacks and Whites — a pattern suggesting both groups differentially construe these items. Second, these differences in the meaning of group attachments appear to influence which identities shape Black and White judgments of immigration.
Birds of Gundlupet, Karnataka

A survey of the bird fauna of Gundlupet taluk in Karnataka was carried out overa period of about 7 seven years since 1985.Most of the observations were carried out in the Madahalli village,though observations were also carried out in the Gundlupet town; on the sides of the Ootty road,Mysore Road,and Calicut road,Maddur,Hangla tank and Gopalaswami Betta.Altogether 148 birds were recorded from the area which included migrants and nomigrants.Species diversity is very low when compared to the wet zone areas.Many of the species encountered were observed in fewer numbers.Two interesting species,the Fulvous Whistling Duck and Black Ibis were recorded. Both these species were also observed nesting in the area,which are new records.
Two types of Leptospirae distinguishable by their growth in boiled serum medium.

It has been reported that, after heating, rabbit serum will no longer support growth of leptospirae (Noguchi, 1918; Chang, 1947; Johnson and Wilson, 1960). However, Yanagawa et al (1959b) reported that a virulent strain of Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae grew well in a medium which was boiled after the addition of 10*^ rabbit serum. This finding is extended to the present study in which 2 types of leptospirae distinguishable by their growth in a boiled serum medium are described. A mutation from one type to another is also described.
Stress Modification in Tungsten Films Deposited by Ion-Assisted Evaporation

The modification of film stress in evaporated tungsten was studied as a function of deposition environment. Using concurrent ion bombardment of the growing film, the stress was seen to vary systematically with ion energy, ion flux, and substrate temperature. The qualitative behavior fits the model of stress modification developed for niobium films. X-ray diffraction was used to study the structure of the films, and a clear correlation between crystallographic texture and film stress is found. The original structure/impurity model for film stress modification due to ion bombardment has been modified to account for the relationship between film stress and texture.
Delayed Blood Coagulation in Methyl Methacrylate (Boilable “Lucite”)∗ Vessels

SummaryThe blood coagulation time in methyl methacrylate (boilable “lucite”) tubes was found to be twice as long as the coagulation time in glass tubes. The blood coagulation inhibiting effect of this material follows Lampert's rule of surface adhesion.
Clinical application of quantitative methods in the study of spasticity

Instrumentation and methods are described for measuring and recording in an eight-channel system a variety of muscular and electromyographic variables that are regarded as appropriate to the objective study of spasticity and other related neurophysiologic responses. These variables include resistive forces developed in extensor and flexor muscles elicited by passive stretching through the full arc of motion, tensive forces developed in response to tendon tap in eliciting deep muscle myotatic reflexes, and angle of swing in unrestricted responses of the same type. Correlated electromyographic potentials are recorded in both extensor and flexor muscles concurrently with the muscular resistive forces and the angle of motion. A case study is presented to illustrate the sen8itivity and Consistency of the procedures in detecting effects from spasmolytic medication in altering the responses of a patient with clinically evident spasticity. Conclusions are particularized for the individual case presented. Numerous problems, including statistical methods and experimental designs, are being studied with a view toward planning systematic investigation of medication effects in patients with clinical manifestations of hypertonicity and hyperreflexia.
Introducing realistic tire–pavement contact stresses into Pavement Analysis using Nonlinear Damage Approach (PANDA)

AbstractRealistic tire–pavement interface contact areas and stresses were incorporated into the Pavement Analysis using Nonlinear Damage Approach (PANDA) user interface (PUI). PANDA is a software library developed to simulate the complex thermo-viscoelastic–viscoplastic–viscodamage responses of the pavement to mechanical and environmental loads. The PUI is an interface generating a finite element representation of the pavement within PANDA. The application of realistic tire loading is necessary to calculate accurate pavement responses. The PUI incorporates a database of tire contact areas and stresses obtained from tire finite element simulations. The database includes tire interface characteristics with pavements for various applied loads, tire inflation pressures, vehicle speeds and scenarios of different rolling simulations. A parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of simulations of tire contact stresses that match field measurements on viscoelastic and viscoplastic pavement responses...
Imaging of sports injuries.

This article presents current approaches to imaging sports injuries. A brief discussion of imaging modalities, including detailed MR imaging protocols, is included, followed by a discussion of imaging techniques for current problems in sports injuries. The imaging of head trauma, soft tissue injuries, overuse syndromes, and cartilage injuries are among the problems presented.
Irrational Exuberance: Hope, Expectation, and Cool Market Logic

This article examines expectation, optimism, and future-oriented affective postures in financial markets in conversation with theological debates about hope, fanaticism, and enthusiasm. I identify a tendency in economic discourse to valorize calculative and calm rationality over against emotive enthusiasm in market behavior. In recalling the theological debates over passions and interests that proved influential at the inception of capitalism, I argue that the denigration of exuberance in economics bears genealogical links to theological condemnation of the fanatic and enthusiast in early modernity. Retrieving this theological precursor provides an analytical lens for considering the ongoing traction of the language of rationality in economics.
Interaction in Spanish–English bilinguals’ acquisition of syllable structure

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions:This study investigated whether language-specific syllable type frequency and complexity exerted cross-language influence on Spanish–English bilingual...
Quantitative Ultrasound Assessment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Using Edge Detection Analysis

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of quantitative ultrasound (US) using edge detection analysis to assess patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). METHODS After Institutional Review Board approval, US examinations with fixed technical parameters were performed unilaterally in 6 muscles (biceps, deltoid, wrist flexors, quadriceps, medial gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior) in 19 boys with DMD and 21 age-matched control participants. The muscles of interest were outlined by a tracing tool, and the upper third of the muscle was used for analysis. Edge detection values for each muscle were quantified by the Canny edge detection algorithm and then normalized to the number of edge pixels in the muscle region. The edge detection values were extracted at multiple sensitivity thresholds (0.01-0.99) to determine the optimal threshold for distinguishing DMD from normal. Area under the receiver operating curve values were generated for each muscle and averaged across the 6 muscles. RESULTS The average age in the DMD group was 8.8 years (range, 3.0-14.3 years), and the average age in the control group was 8.7 years (range, 3.4-13.5 years). For edge detection, a Canny threshold of 0.05 provided the best discrimination between DMD and normal (area under the curve, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.00). According to a Mann-Whitney test, edge detection values were significantly different between DMD and controls (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Quantitative US imaging using edge detection can distinguish patients with DMD from healthy controls at low Canny thresholds, at which discrimination of small structures is best. Edge detection by itself or in combination with other tests can potentially serve as a useful biomarker of disease progression and effectiveness of therapy in muscle disorders.
Boundary effect on the elastic field of a semi-infinite solid containing inhomogeneities

The boundary effect of one inhomogeneity embedded in a semi-infinite solid at different depths has firstly been investigated using the fundamental solution for Mindlin's problem. Expanding the eigenstrain in a polynomial form and using the Eshelby's equivalent inclusion method, one can calculate the eigenstrain and thus obtain the elastic field. When the inhomogeneity is far from the boundary, the solution recovers Eshelby's solution. The method has been extended to a many-particle system in a semi-infinite solid, which is first demonstrated by the cases of two spheres. The comparison of the asymptotic form solution with the finite-element results shows the accuracy and capability of this method. The solution has been used to illustrate the boundary effects on its effective material behaviour of a semi-infinite simple cubic lattice particulate composite. The local field of a semi-infinite composite has been calculated at different volume fractions. A representative unit cell has been taken with different depths to the surface. The average stress and strain of the unit cell have been calculated under uniform loading conditions of normal or shear force on the surface, respectively. The effective elastic moduli of the unit cell not only depend on the material proportion, but also on its distance to the surface. The present model can be extended to other types of particle distribution and ellipsoidal particles.
Motivation im Alltag erhalten

Sie erfahren mehr uber die Phase zwischen dem gemeinsamen Arbeiten im organisierten JobClub und danach und lernen, wie wichtig die Phasen zwischen den Treffen sind und warum es dabei hilfreich ist, die eigene Willenskraft zu trainieren. Das Thema Trainieren bis zur Meisterschaft setzt einen langen Atem voraus. Sie erfahren, wie Motivation auch dauerhaft aufrechterhalten werden kann, um am Ende neues Verhalten wirklich zu beherrschen. Das Kapitel gibt Ihnen wertvolle Tipps, wie Sie auch nach der Neuorientierung (im neuen Job) am Ball bleiben konnen.
Reply to “Iron homeostasis in the brain: complete iron regulatory protein 2 deficiency without symptomatic neurodegeneration in the mouse”

Reply to “Iron homeostasis in the brain: complete iron regulatory protein 2 deficiency without symptomatic neurodegeneration in the mouse”
Epidemiology and Natural History

The incidence of bladder cancer varies substantially between different geographic regions, which can in part be attributed to regional differences in exposures, although differences in reporting may also play a role. In general, the incidence tends to be higher in developed countries than less developed ones. In all geographic regions, men are much more likely to be diagnosed with bladder cancer than women, and within each sex the risk of bladder cancer diagnosis increases considerably with age. Smoking remains the most important known modifiable risk factors for bladder cancer development, although other occupational and environmental exposures exist.
Advanced Practice Pharmacists: a retrospective evaluation of the efficacy and cost of ClinicaL Pharmacist PractitionErs managing ambulatory Medicare patients in North Carolina (APPLE-NC)

Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners are advanced practicing pharmacists in North Carolina that provide disease-specific management. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the efficacy and charges from referrals to a Clinical Pharmacist Practitioner by the primary care provider, to those managed by a primary care provider alone. Patients were separated into cohorts depending if they had at least two appointments with a Clinical Pharmacist Practitioner from November 2008 to November 2011. A primary care provider saw all patients at least twice during the study period. Cohorts were then matched by age, gender, and disease states. Medicare billed data was evaluated from outpatient visits related to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral neuropathy, as well as emergency department visits and inpatient admissions. Cost of medications was estimated using 2009 AWP data corresponding to medication histories within the electronic medical record. Efficacy was defined as ability to reach disease state goal determined using national guidelines and reduction in pain score. Efficacy was analyzed by difference-in-differences test and all other numerical data tested by paired t-tests. The Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners cohort experienced more outpatient visits (1338 vs. 858, p 0.05) than the primary care providers cohort, respectively. The Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners cohort showed changes in charges of +22.6 % for outpatient visits, −45.5 % emergency department visits, and −13.2 % inpatient admissions relative to the primary care provider cohort. There was no difference in average daily medication cost (Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners $38.52 vs. primary care providers $38.23, p = 0.97) or achievement of disease state goals. APPLE-NC demonstrated that through referrals, Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners provide services comparable in charges and efficacy to primary care providers. Consequently, the current increased need for primary care practitioners can be met in part by increasing the utilization of advanced practice pharmacists for chronic disease management. This does not apply for this retrospective cohort study.
Castable Bulk Metallic Glass Strain Wave Gears: Towards Decreasing the Cost of High-Performance Robotics

The use of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) as the flexspline in strain wave gears (SWGs), also known as harmonic drives, is presented. SWGs are unique, ultra-precision gearboxes that function through the elastic flexing of a thin-walled cup, called a flexspline. The current research demonstrates that BMGs can be cast at extremely low cost relative to machining and can be implemented into SWGs as an alternative to steel. This approach may significantly reduce the cost of SWGs, enabling lower-cost robotics. The attractive properties of BMGs, such as hardness, elastic limit and yield strength, may also be suitable for extreme environment applications in spacecraft.
The computer: liberator or jailor of the creative spirit

A discussion of the historical and aesthetic questions raised by the Fine Arts community regarding the uses of the computer by artists, its limitations and its potential. Creating a texture and context for this discussion necessitated the weaving into this discussion the role of technology, science, mathematics, the humanities, and aesthetics in the visual arts.
Biphasic adaptation to osmotic stress in the C. elegans germ line

Cells respond to environmental stress in multiple ways. In the germ line, heat shock and nutritive stress trigger the assembly of large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules via liquid-liquid phase sepa...
Resource utilization and provider variation in the care of patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer six months before death.

216Background: Cost of care of cancer patients near the end of life is a focus for payers and others. The breakdown of costs during this period for patients with Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer...
Itinerant G-type antiferromagnetic order in SrCr 2 As 2

Neutron-diffraction and magnetic susceptibility studies of polycrystalline ${\mathrm{SrCr}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$ reveal that this compound is an itinerant G-type antiferromagnet below the N\'eel temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{N}}$ = 590(5) K with the Cr magnetic moments aligned along the tetragonal $c$ axis. The system remains tetragonal to the lowest measured temperature ($\ensuremath{\sim}12$ K). The lattice parameter ratio $c/a$ and the magnetic moment saturate at about the same temperature below $\ensuremath{\sim}200$ K, indicating a possible magnetoelastic coupling. The ordered moment $\ensuremath{\mu}=1.9(1){\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}/\mathrm{Cr}}$, measured at $T=12$ K, is significantly reduced compared to its localized value ($4{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{\mathrm{B}/\mathrm{Cr}}$) due to the itinerant character brought about by hybridization between the Cr $3d$ and As $4p$ orbitals.
Eigenvalue sensitivity and veering in gyroscopic systems with application to high-speed planetary gears

Abstract This study investigates eigenvalue sensitivity to model parameters and veering in gyroscopic systems. The eigenvalue perturbation approach is formulated such that the results apply to discrete, continuous, and hybrid discrete-continuous gyroscopic systems. Third-order perturbation approximations for distinct eigenvalues are determined. Perturbations through second-order are derived for degenerate eigenvalues. The perturbation results are applied to a high-speed planetary gear model, where the results are shown to be accurate over a wide range of rotation speeds. The sensitivity of the eigenvalues to model parameters are written in terms of modal kinetic and potential energies. From the second-order perturbation approximation an eigenvalue veering parameter is defined and used to analyze veering in high-speed planetary gears, which is prominent in planetary gears that have disrupted cyclic symmetry.
Staffing optimisation in standardised care management processes

AbstractThis paper proposes a transformative framework where process improvement (standardisation) and staffing optimisation (integer programming) are integrated to enhance the performance of managed care organisations (MCOs) considering future surging demand. Four models (baseline and optimised for current and future states) are developed and compared using simulation. We find significant differences for all performance metrics between three alternatives and baseline model for current state: (1) optimised model for current state achieves cost reduction (31.71%) and higher staff utilisation (63.14%), without significant capacity increase; and (2) baseline model for future state results in significant capacity gain (2.05%), with less significant cost reduction and utilisation. Furthermore, optimised model for future state obtains largest capacity gain (2.31%), greatest cost reduction (44.43%), and highest utilisation (93.43%). All models result in acceptable average queue length. Additionally, process impr...
Measuring the Backgrounds in the Near Detector

This chapter describes the data-driven methods used to determine the backgrounds to sufficient accuracy, which as mentioned earlier is one of the pillars on which the analysis rests. We begin with some data-MC comparisons that motivate the use of the Near Detector to directly measure the backgrounds. Given that each background component must be extrapolated separately to the Far Detector, two data-based methods are introduced in Sects. 6.3 and 6.4 that decompose the observed Near Detector background energy spectrum. Both of these methods require the intrinsic beam component as an input, which is why a discussion on this component’s origin and modeling uncertainty is included in Sect. 6.2.
A design framework for teaching/learning activities supporting Latino first graders' ten-structured thinking in urban classrooms

This paper presents a design framework for teaching/learning activities during year-long classroom teaching experiments that sought to support first graders' ten-structured thinking in two predominantly-Latino low-SES urban classrooms (one English-speaking and one Spanish-speaking). The design framework outlines (1) theoretical perspectives on the teaching/learning domain of multidigit concepts and multidigit addition and subtraction, (2) theoretical perspectives on teaching and learning processes, and (3) the pragmatic context of the research. The particular elements within the framework generalize to other design tasks to various extents. The teaching/learning activities were successful in enabling children in these two classes to achieve above grade level and to look more like East Asian than U.S. children in their multidigit concepts.
Normativité et intentionnalité : pour un pluralisme normatif

Brentano et Husserl reconnurent tous deux que certaines de nos intentionnalites posent des enjeux normatifs. Seulement, Brentano croyait que les intentionnalites ne peuvent etre qualifiees normativement que si elles sont incompatibles avec une autre facon opposee de se rapporter intentionnellement a un meme objet. Husserl insista pour sa part sur le fait qu’il n’y a des enjeux normatifs que la ou il y a une relation intentionnelle et positionnelle. Malgre cette distinction, en imposant ces conditions (incompatibilite et position) pour qu’il soit question de normativite intentionnelle, Brentano et Husserl se trouverent tous deux a favoriser un reductionnisme normatif. Je proposerai pour ma part, dans un geste rappelant celui de la pragmatique d’Austin mais sans m’y restreindre pour autant, de depasser ce reductionnisme normatif en cessant de limiter a ces conditions l’application de normes a nos intentionnalites.
Stable Nonlinear System Identification Using Neural Network Models

Several empirical studies have demonstrated the feasibility of employing neural networks as models of nonlinear dynamical systems. This paper presents a stability theory approach to synthesizing and analyzing neural network based identification schemes. First static network architectures are combined with dynamical elements in the form of stable filters to construct a type of recurrent network configuration which is shown to be capable of approximating a large class of dynamical systems. Identification schemes, based on neural network models, are then developed using the Lyapunov synthesis approach with the projection modification method. These identification schemes are shown to guarantee stability of the overall system, even in the presence of modeling errors.
Introduction and overview of the yearbook: Facilitating institutional change for racial equity in the educational pipeline

Although problem identification and understanding the root causes of racism in its many forms is important, this yearbook identifies institutional structures, processes, and practices that are crit...
Incentivizing Collaboration in a Competition

Research and design competitions aim to promote innovation or creative production, which are often best achieved through collaboration. The nature of a competition, however, typically necessitates sorting by individual performance. This presents tradeoffs for the competition designer, between incentivizing global performance and distinguishing individual capability. We model this situation in terms of an abstract collaboration game, where individual effort also benefits neighboring agents. We propose a scoring mechanism called LSWM that rewards agents based on localized social welfare. We show that LSWM promotes global performance, in that social optima are equilibria of the mechanism. Moreover, we establish conditions under which the mechanism leads to increased collaboration, and under which it ensures a formally defined distinguishability property. Through experiments, we evaluate the degree of distinguishability achieved whether or not the theoretical conditions identified hold.
Reading between the Lines: A Plastic Surgeon’s Guide to Evaluating the Quality of Evidence in Research Publications

An important component of practicing evidence-based medicine (EBM) in plastic surgery is staying current with published research, an increasingly difficult task given the rapid growth of the literature. This article reviews the methodological aspects specific to the aesthetic surgery field that should be considered when evaluating the quality of evidence in research publications in the context of the level of evidence (LOE) grading scales that are currently used by plastic surgery journals. Reporting the LOE in a research publication can help to highlight the quality of the research and the potential for bias so that the reader may prioritize information accordingly. However, LOE classifications are not an absolute index of the quality of evidence and do not preclude careful evaluation of the study's methods and results in the context of the authors' conclusions. As the application of evidence-based medicine expands in the plastic surgery community, surgeons must be mindful of how to appropriately interpret research findings and assess the utility of applying results to their practice.
1538 Incidence of Gynecologic Cancers in Women after Uterine Fibroid Embolization

Study Objective To estimate the likelihood that patients who have undergone uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) for leiomyomata will go on to develop subsequent gynecologic cancer that may have been prevented with hysterectomy. Design We identified women over 18 years old without prior diagnosis of cancer who had undergone UFE for treatment of leiomyomata in the MarketScan database between 2007 and 2016. Records were then electronically queried for any diagnostic or procedure codes (ICD9, ICD10, and CPT) related to uterine, cervical, tubal, or ovarian malignancies occurring after the UFE procedure date through the end of data available. All charts identified through electronic query had all codes manually reviewed by a minimum of three coders to confirm diagnosis of cancer, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Diagnosis of cancer was defined as having at least two codes for gynecological malignancy submitted at least one week apart and/or with malignancy codes linked to tissue pathology results. Descriptive statistics were generated for the final study sample. Setting N/A Patients or Participants Patient data was obtained from MarketScan, a database of diagnostic and treatment data for over 60 million commercially insured individuals in the US. Interventions N/A Measurements and Main Results Between 2007 and 2016, 20,575 women underwent UFE. Fifty-one women met criteria for exhibiting cancer after UFE (37/51, 73% uterine cancer; 13/51, 25% ovarian cancer; 1/51, 2% cervical cancer). One in 403 (95% CI: 1 in 354 to 1 in 469) women undergoing UFE developed a gynecologic malignancy. On average, women exhibited cancer within 2.3 years from the date of UFE with a standard deviation of ±2.14 years and a range of 17 days to 7.8 years. Conclusion A small fraction of women undergoing UFE develop subsequent gynecologic malignancies. Women choosing uterine preservation with UFE should be counseled about the risk of developing gynecologic malignancies in the future, some of which may be preventable with hysterectomy.
Collective Excitations and Fermi-Liquid Effects in 4HE and 3He-4He Films

This contribution reports on recent progress in the development of a uniform picture for non-uniform quantum many-body systems. We give a brief account of the optimized Hypernetted-Chain (HNC/EL) theory and its implementation for non-uniform systems. The theory is applied to films of 4He atoms adsorbed to a substrate and to 3He-4He mixture films. We discuss the structure of collective excitations and their transition from the thin, surface-mode dominated to the thick, zero-sound dominated films. We calculate properties of 3He-impurities in the films and study the interaction of such atoms with both the background and other impurities.
Serum endostatin as a genetically-influenced biomarker in PAH

Endostatin (ES) is an angiostatic peptide encoded by Col18a1. Our group has shown that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) resulting in a missense mutation in Col18a1 is associated with altered disease severity and survival in PAH. We hypothesized that associations would exist between circulating serum ES levels and 1) clinical metrics of PAH severity, including survival and 2) SNPs in Col18a1. Serum samples and clinical data were obtained from 2,017 adult subjects in the PAH Biobank. Serum ES was measured with an electrochemiluminescent immunosorbent assay. Statistical associations between ES and clinical variables were examined with regression models. Genotyping was performed for protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) analysis. Each log-unit increase in ES was associated with higher right atrial pressure (1.8 mmHg, 95% CI 1.3-2.3), higher mean pulmonary arterial pressure (2.0 mmHg, 95% CI 0.7 to 3.2), higher pulmonary vascular resistance (1.0 Wood unit, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.5), and lower 6 minute walk distance (-53.5m, 95 % CI -70.7 to -36.2). Mortality doubled for each log-unit increase in ES (2.3, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.4). In pQTL analysis, 4 SNPs in Col18a1 were associated with differences in circulating ES levels (Figure). Increased ES levels are associated with disease severity and survival in PAH, and several SNPs in Col18a1 are associated with differences in circulating ES levels. ES is a genetically-influenced determinant of disease severity in PAH.
Tone effects on consonants

Abstract Although consonant effects on tone are well-known, the possibility of tone effects on consonants has been largely neglected. This paper assembles together evidence of three kinds showing that tones can affect the nature of adjacent consonants. Diachronic changes, synchronic rules and allophone distributions, and instrumentally-verified phonetic differences which depend on different tone contexts are discussed in turn. A partial typology of the effects is constructed. It is shown that a correlation of consonant type and tonal category may, in some instances, be ambiguously interpreted as either due to a consonant effect on tone or a tone effect on consonants. A final section discusses how far the phonetic evidence helps to explain the phonologized synchronic and diachronic effects.