cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Gender and Depression Moderate Response to Brief Motivational Intervention for Alcohol Misuse Among College Students

OBJECTIVE: Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) effectively reduce problematic drinking in college students. However, not all students benefit, and little is known about the subgroups of students for whom BMIs are most effective. In the present study, we examined 2 factors that may influence BMI efficacy: gender and depression. METHOD: We reanalyzed data from a clinical trial in which heavy drinking students (N = 330; 65% female) were randomized to a BMI (n = 165) or an assessment only control (n = 165). Depression was assessed at baseline; past-month typical drinks per week, heavy drinking frequency, and consequences were assessed at baseline and 1 month. Three- and 2-way interactions among intervention condition (BMI vs. control), gender (male vs. female), and depression (low vs. high) were tested. RESULTS: We observed 3-way interaction effects on 2 outcomes: (a) typical drinks per week and (b) frequency of heavy drinking at 1 month. Relative to controls and adjusting for baseline drinking, low-depression women reduced their drinking more after a BMI whereas high-depression women did not show differential improvement. In contrast, high-depression men showed significant reductions in weekly drinks following the BMI whereas low-depression men did not show differential improvement. In addition, higher levels of depression were associated with higher levels of consequences at follow-up across conditions. CONCLUSIONS: BMIs are indicated for heavy drinking, depressed men, consistent with recommendations for implementing screening and brief intervention in mental health settings. However, BMIs may need to be refined to enhance their efficacy for depressed women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved). Language: en
Borrower mobility, self-selection, and the relative prices of fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgages☆

Abstract This paper analyzes the effect of borrower self-selection between fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgages (FRMs and ARMS) on the pricing of FRMs. Self-selection occurs according to borrower mobility, with the most mobile borrowers favoring ARMS and less mobile borrowers choosing FRMs. The FRM interest rate depends on the average mobility of the FRM borrower pool, which determines the average duration of FRM loans. Comparative-static analysis of the equilibrium shows that any exogenous change that increases the relative attractiveness of FRMs enlarges the FRM borrower pool, which lowers its average mobility, shortens the duration of FRM loans, and thus reduces their price. Thus, an increase in the demand for FRMs actually reduces the FRM interest rate.
Fast, optically controlled Kerr phase shifter for digital signal processing.

We demonstrate an optically controlled Kerr phase shifter using a room-temperature Rb-85 vapor operating in a Raman gain scheme. Phase shifts from zero to pi relative to an unshifted reference wave are observed, and gated operations are demonstrated. We further demonstrate the versatile digital manipulation of encoded signal light with an encoded phase-control light field using an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Generalizations of this scheme should be capable of full manipulation of a digitized signal field at high speed, opening the door to future applications. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
Radiosensitive Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease

Inherited defects in components of the nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair mechanism produce a T-B-NK+ severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) characterized by heightened sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Patients with the radiosensitive form of SCID may also have increased short- and long-term sensitivity to the alkylator-based chemotherapy regimens that are traditionally used for conditioning before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Known causes of radiosensitive SCID include deficiencies of Artemis, DNA ligase IV, DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, and Cernunnos-XLF, all of which have been treated with HCT. Because of these patients' sensitivity to certain forms of chemotherapy, the approach to donor selection and the type of conditioning regimen used for a patient with radiosensitive SCID requires careful consideration. Significantly more research needs to be done to determine the long-term outcomes of patients with radiosensitive SCID after HCT and to discover novel nontoxic approaches to HCT that might benefit those patients with intrinsic radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity as well as potentially all patients undergoing an HCT.
Predicting Occult Lymph Node Metastasis in Parotid Cancer

• To determine the factors predictive of occult cervical metastases, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of 99 previously untreated patients with a primary parotid malignancy who underwent elective neck dissection between 1960 and 1985. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the predictive value of 11 factors. The univariate study found facial nerve paralysis, extraparotid extension, and perilymphatic invasion statistically significant. In the multivariate analysis of preoperative factors, facial nerve paralysis was most predictive of occult disease. If the variable pool was expanded to include a fine-needle biopsy, tumor grade became the most important preoperative variable. When the analysis was further expanded to include a parotidectomy, the most influential factors were patient age, perilymphatic invasion, and extraparotid tumor extension. This report identifies the variables predictive of occult neck disease in parotid cancer. (Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.1993;119:517-520)
Fatigue Response and Life Prediction of Selected Reactor Materials

This paper analyzes experimental fatigue response for selected unirradiated and irradiated reactor materials: AISI 316 stainless steel, ferritic/martensitic MANET and HT9 steels. Available tensile test results on the same or similar materials are used to predict changes in fatigue response using the Universal Slopes method. The predictions are compared with the experimental data to assess the potential for using tensile data to predict reactor component fatigue response. It was found that the effect of irradiation on fatigue life was less severe than on tensile properties. However, tensile properties are useful for qualitative predictions of fatigue response.
Enhanced transmural fiber rotation and connexin 43 heterogeneity are associated with an increased upper limit of vulnerability in a transgenic rabbit model of human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Human hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, characterized by cardiac hypertrophy and myocyte disarray, is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in the young. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is often cau...
Liver Transplantation for Lethal Genetic Syndromes: A Novel Model of Personalized Genomic Medicine

Background Our aim was to analyze our single-center experience with orthotopic liver transplantation for metabolic lethal genetic syndromes in children and adults. Study Design From 1984 to 2012, all pediatric (younger than 18 years) and adult (18 years and older) patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation for lethal genetic disorders were identified. Data on diagnostic pathways and specific outcomes were analyzed for both groups. Outcomes measures included recurrence rate as well as graft and patient survival. Results Metabolic lethal genetic syndrome was the primary indication for orthotopic liver transplantation in 152 of 4,564 patients (3.3%) at University of California, Los Angeles during the study period (74 pediatric patients and 78 adults). Genetic testing was performed in only 12% of the 152 patients and in 39% of patients after 2006. Two patients (1.3%) experienced a recurrence of the genetic disease. Overall 5- and 20-year survival rates were 89% and 77% for children and 73% and 50% for adults. Survival of pediatric patients was superior to adults (log-rank p Conclusions Orthotopic liver transplantation achieved excellent long-term survival in pediatric and adult patients with lethal genetic syndromes and represents a model of personalized genomic medicine by providing gene therapy through solid organ transplantation.
Patterning of the second-order susceptibility of an asymmetric quantum well waveguide by ion implantation enhanced quantum well intermixing

We presents measurements of the intermixing-induced changes in second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of an asymmetric quantum well (AQW) superlattice waveguide after a patterned ion implantation. Determining the second order nonlinear optical susceptibility for SHG in intermixed AQWs provides useful information for WDM wavelength conversion, because the susceptibility for SHG is similar to the susceptibility for DFG when the signal and difference frequencies are almost equal, as is the case for WDM applications. Each AQW consists of a 2.7-nm GaAs well coupled to a 1.5-nm GaAs well through a 1.2-nm AlGaAs layer, and the coupled well pairs are separated by 16.0-nm AlGaAs barriers.
Using case-based reasoning for decision support

Case-based reasoning is one of the most preferred method for problem solving and decision making in complex and dynamically changing situations. Case-based reasoning solves problems by relating some previously solved problems or experiences to a current, unsolved problem in a way that facilitates the search for an acceptable solution. In this paper we propose a computational case-based reasoning model, and investigate its feasibility to decision support. A performance comparison among two computational models, including ours, and a symbolic model is also conducted. We view our model not as a replacement technology, but rather as a complementary technology to the symbolic approaches for the purpose of supporting unstructured-oriented decisions. >
Analysis of the essential functions of the C-terminal protein/protein interaction domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae pol epsilon and its unexpected ability to support growth in the absence of the DNA polymerase domain.

As first observed by Wittenberg (Kesti, T., Flick, K., Keranen, S., Syvaoja, J. E., and Wittenburg, C. (1999)Mol. Cell 3, 679–685), we find that deletion mutants lacking the entire N-terminal DNA polymerase domain of yeast pol e are viable. However, we now show that point mutations in DNA polymerase catalytic residues of pol e are lethal. Taken together, the phenotypes of the deletion and the point mutants suggest that the polymerase of pol e may normally participate in DNA replication but that another polymerase can substitute in its complete absence. Substitution is inefficient because the deletion mutants have serious defects in DNA replication. This observation raises the question of what is the essential function of the C-terminal half of pol e. We show that the ability of the C-terminal half of the polymerase to support growth is disrupted by mutations in the cysteine-rich region, which disrupts both dimerization of the POL2 gene product and interaction with the essential DPB2 subunit, suggesting that this region plays an important architectural role at the replication fork even in the absence of the polymerase function. Finally, the S phase checkpoint, with respect to both induction ofRNR3 transcription and cell cycle arrest, is intact in cells where replication is supported only by the C-terminal half of pol e, but it is disrupted in mutants affecting the cysteine-rich region, suggesting that this domain directly affects the checkpoint rather than acting through the N-terminal polymerase active site.
CALVIN: an immersimedia design environment utilizing heterogeneous perspectives

Describes CALVIN (Collaborative Architectural Layout Via Immersive Navigation), an immersive multimedia approach to applying virtual reality in architectural design and collaborative visualization, emphasizing heterogeneous perspectives. These perspectives, including multiple mental models as well as multiple visual viewpoints, allow virtual reality to be applied in the earlier, more creative, phases of design, rather than just as a walkthrough of the finished space. CALVIN's interface employs visual, gestural and vocal input to give the user greater control over the virtual environment. A prototype of CALVIN has been created and used in the CAVE virtual reality theatre.
Technical Aspects of Pacing in Adult and Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease

As intuitive as it might appear, it must be remembered that children are not little adults and congenital heart defects do not equate to normal cardiac anatomy. In addition, repaired congenital heart defects in adults (ACHD) might also not equate to normal anatomy. In each of these clinical situations, pacemaker device therapy may dramatically differ from most of the published information available in the field of internal medicine cardiology. Since there are now more patients with structural congenital heart defects over than under the age of 21 years, all present and future generations of pacemaker implanters need to recognize the plethora of anatomical and structural nuances potentially associated with the implantation of device therapy in this continually expanding patient population. Fortunately, advances in pacemaker and lead technology over the past 20 years, which now permit precise implantation at selective endocardial sites other than the right ventricular apex or atrial appendage and improved epicardial leads, have greatly facilitated optimization of pacing therapy. Whereas past interests have focused on lead performance issues such as dislodgement, fractures, and exit block, improvements in lead design technologies now permit more interest in maintaining or improving paced myocardial function by optimizing lead placement at alternate or more select sites. This article reviews recent applications and future directions of these pacing technologies and emphasizes differences among patients with congenital heart defects.
The Effects of Founder Ownership and Cofounder Presence on Firm Value: A Study of Newly Public Firms

This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the relationship between equity ownership and firm value. Based on a unique longitudinal dataset of 1,442 newly public firms, which we followed over a period of up to 12 years after initial public offering, we find that an entrenchment effect prevails at low–to–intermediate levels of founder ownership whereas a convergence of interest effect prevails at intermediate–to–high levels of founder ownership. These effects are associated with a convex relationship between the ownership held by the founder and firm value. We also find that the relationship between founder ownership and firm value is positively moderated by the presence of cofounders, whose presence is generally associated with higher value.
Clustering with a Domain-Specific Distance Measure

With a point matching distance measure which is invariant under translation, rotation and permutation, we learn 2-D point-set objects, by clustering noisy point-set images. Unlike traditional clustering methods which use distance measures that operate on feature vectors - a representation common to most problem domains - this object-based clustering technique employs a distance measure specific to a type of object within a problem domain. Formulating the clustering problem as two nested objective functions, we derive optimization dynamics similar to the Expectation-Maximization algorithm used in mixture models.
A study of user performance employing a computer-aided navigation system for arthroscopic hip surgery

Object Computer-aided technology can decrease the difficulty associated with arthroscopic hip surgery. Our computer-aided system helps to navigate in the hip joint during arthroscopy by (1) tracking tool position with a linkage of encoders, and (2) using 3D computer graphics to indicate the tool position relative to the patient anatomy. This paper presents a study of user performance to verify the effectiveness of this computer-aided system for hip arthroscopy as a part of continued work on this project. Materials and methods A user study was completed to determine if the computer-aided system could help reduce task completion time and tool-path length. The time and path length provide a measure of operation time and potential tissue damage, respectively. Ten participants completed a simple navigation task with and without the assistance of the computer-aided system. Results A time reduction of 38% and a path length decrease of 72% were achieved with the computer-aided system, confirming its effectiveness. A user survey provided overall positive feedback regarding the system. The survey information also suggested areas of improvement for continued research. Conclusion The proposed computer-aided system can be used to address the challenges of arthroscopic hip surgery by reducing operation time and improving patient safety.
Development of a stochastic system model for an information embedded power system

This paper develops a model of an electrical power system, with its inherent embedded communication system, for the purpose of studying the characteristics of power system measurement errors due to communication delays. This model is referred to as an "information embedded power system" to emphasize the inclusion of information variables that represent measurements that have been delivered across the communication system and observed at a control center. These information variables are added to the standard power system model for the energy balance within the power system. A stochastic system model is developed, which is composed of both the physical infrastructure of the power system as well as the embedded computer network communication infrastructure. This type of analysis is an extension of traditional observability approaches, which usually only assume steady-state conditions in the power system and do not consider time delays in delivering measurements. An experimental platform has also been designed to validate the developed model.
Division of Household Work: A Decade Comparison—1967–1977

Although the seventies brought changes in the composition of the labor force, these changes were not, on the average, accompanied by changes in the division of labor within two-parent, two-child households. Time data, collected from this family type in 1967 and 1977, indicate that wives even when employed outside the home still spend more time in household production than other family members. Wives spent less time in dishwashing and care of clothing activities while children spent more time shopping in 1977 than in 1967. The input to all household production by the total family remained approximately 10 hours per day.
Overdenture abutments for fixed partial dentures

Abstract Despite universal acceptance for retaining endodontically treated and filled roots for vertical support of removable prostheses, there is little evidence for the use of overdenture abutments with fixed prostheses. This article presents a review of clinical situations for using these teeth to support fixed partial dentures. These teeth provide vertical support during function and preserve alveolar bone levels. (J Prosthet Dent 2000;84:366-9.)
Cooperative update exchange in the Youtopia system

Youtopia is a platform for collaborative management and integration of relational data. At the heart of Youtopia is an update exchange abstraction: changes to the data propagate through the system to satisfy user-specified mappings. We present a novel change propagation model that combines a deterministic chase with human intervention. The process is fundamentally cooperative and gives users significant control over how mappings are repaired. An additional advantage of our model is that mapping cycles can be permitted without compromising correctness.We investigate potential harmful interference between updates in our model; we introduce two appropriate notions of serializability that avoid such interference if enforced. The first is very general and related to classical final-state serializability; the second is more restrictive but highly practical and related to conflict-serializability. We present an algorithm to enforce the latter notion. Our algorithm is an optimistic one, and as such may sometimes require updates to be aborted. We develop techniques for reducing the number of aborts and we test these experimentally.
Case del fascio and the Making of Modern Italy

Abstract In recent decades, scholars of modern Italy have identified Fascism’s effort to establish a new society as a hallmark of the regime’s engagement with modernism. Fascist party headquarters (case del fascio), the primary institution through which the party aimed to alter the character, habits, and attitudes of its citizens in the making of Fascist Italy, are largely absent from this discourse, despite their extraordinary importance to the regime. Through an analysis and discussion of the regime’s building activity in the rapidly developing working-class neighborhoods on the edge of nineteenth-century Milan, the city most closely associated with modern ways of life in the interwar period (and still today), this paper provides an opportunity to explore the ways in which the amenities, design, and location of party-controlled outposts were intended to advance the party’s objectives and communicate Fascism’s central place in the making of a modern urban landscape in the regime’s final decades.
The giant dipole vortex

AbstractThe field lines of energy flow of radiation emitted by an oscillating electric dipole in free space are either straight lines (linear dipole) or they form a vortex (rotating dipole). When the dipole is embedded in a material, the properties of the medium affect the direction of energy flow. Damping due to the imaginary part of the relative permittivity er makes the field lines curve for the case of a linear dipole, and for a rotating dipole, the shape of the vortex is altered. In addition, a negative value of the real part of er has the effect that the rotation direction of the vortex reverses for the case of a rotating dipole. The value of the relative permeability μr has in general not much effect on the redistribution of the direction of energy propagation. We show that a dramatic effect occurs when the embedding material is near-single-negative (both er and μr approximately real, and the real parts of opposite sign). The curving of field lines is in general a sub-wavelength phenomenon. For nea...
Value of Virus Presilk Treatment for Corn Earworm and Fall Armyworm Control in Sweet corn

A combination of Heliathis nuclear-polyhedrosis virus and DDT resulted in less damage to early-season sweet corn than the virus or DDT alone. A single early-tassel treatment with the virus gave control of corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), comparable to an early-tassel treatment followed by 5 silk-stage treatments of either the virus or DDT. In a late-season test against a complex of corn earworm; fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) ; and European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hũbner), late-whorl or early-tassel treatment with a combination of corn earworm and fall armyworm nuclear-polyhedrosis viruses was as effective as the late-whorl or early-tassel treatment followed by 5 silk treatments with the viruses.
Potato Leafhopper Trapping Studies to Determine Local Flight Activity

Local voluntary flight of the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), was investigated to help explain fluctuations in population density, and the postulated relationship between voluntary flight and long-distance involuntary dispersal. Sticky traps associated with alfalfa cutting treatment plots indicated that the pattern of local flight was one of generally low level flight amongst the vegetation, except when the insects were disturbed by some drastic action such as harvesting. Preferences for colored surfaces indicated that yellow was the best color for sticky traps. In 1957, the use of a combination of blacklight and colored fluorescent lamps in paired omnidirectional light traps was no more efficient than use of a single blacklight lamp. In 1958 and 1959, the light trap used was a Shands aphid trap with the top modified for attachment of a metal container with a blacklight lamp and collection jar. Peak light-trap catches were associated with one or more of the following factors: passage of a weather front, harvest of nearby alfalfa, or a major change in the field-population density. The effect of several individual weather factors on light-trap catches was investigated. In 1957 the most important factors affecting light-trap catches were temperature and vapor pressure deficit. In 1958 and 1959, the only important weather factor was the wind. Changes in population density and innate flight behavior appeared to be reflected to a greater extent in the 1958 and 1959 light-trap catches than in the 1957 catches.
Perspectives of Rural Women: Custody and Visitation With Abusive Ex-Partners

The study reported in this article explored the perceptions of rural women on custody and visitation arrangements with abusive ex-partners. Data were collected from questionnaires and focus groups with 23 mothers who were recruited from domestic violence support groups. Most mothers reported experiencing ongoing abusive and controlling behavior by their ex-partners related to custody and visitation arrangements. Counseling and legal services were most frequently used, while visitation exchange sites and supervision visitation and support groups were considered the most helpful services. Recommendations for rural areas include improving methods for screening and monitoring custody cases within the court system and improving access to child visitation services.
Party Influence in Congress: The Types and Sources of Party Influence

The image of Lyndon Johnson browbeating a Senate colleague into supporting the party is familiar to most members of Congress and to all students of congressional politics. From time to time, party leaders use force of personality, appeals for loyalty, strong-arm tactics, and threats to gain compliance from difficult-to-persuade colleagues. Johnson relied on the technique – the “Johnson treatment,” it was called – more than other leaders, but pressuring individual legislators to gain pivotal support has a long history in Congress. The political science literature is in a second phase. In the first phase, which ran into the 1970s, much of the political science research on Congress was a search for the direct influence of partisan forces on legislators' voting decisions. Unfortunately, while many stories can be told, and I will do some of that again in this chapter, finding systematic effects of this kind of party influence is unlikely and even contrary to expectation, at least for the most common approaches. Too few legislators on too few votes are involved for statistical estimates of this kind of party influence to show anything meaningful. I demonstrate this in the next chapter, where I consider old and new arguments that the old statistical findings are not trustworthy. In this chapter, I reestablish, if it is needed, the importance of this form of party influence in voting. As both insiders and political scientists have observed, direct pressure on legislators hardly exhausts the forms that party influence may take.
To Stay or to Leave: Factors Influencing Victims’ Decisions to Stay or Leave a Domestic Violence Emergency Shelter:

Domestic violence (DV) emergency shelters play a vital role in supporting victims who seek to leave abusive partners and gain independence. Research indicates that numerous positive outcomes for victims and their children are associated with utilization of DV shelter programs. Yet, research also suggests that DV shelter programs may be unable to comprehensively meet the needs of all victims, and many choose to leave shelters soon after their arrival. To better understand the ways in which DV shelter programs support victims but also fail to meet their needs, this article explores the factors that influence victims’ decisions to stay or leave a DV emergency shelter program through qualitative interviews with 33 DV shelter residents. Study participants indicate that three types of factors influence their decision to stay or leave the shelter program: (a) contextual factors, (b) partner or family relationship factors, and (c) shelter-specific factors. Shelter-specific factors cited as important contributors ...
Loss of CTRP5 improves insulin action and hepatic steatosis

The gene that encodes C1q/TNF-related protein 5 (CTRP5), a secreted protein of the C1q family, is mutated in individuals with late-onset retinal degeneration. CTRP5 is widely expressed outside the eye and also circulates in plasma. Its physiological role in peripheral tissues, however, has yet to be elucidated. Here, we show that Ctrp5 expression is modulated by fasting and refeeding, and by different diets, in mice. Adipose expression of CTRP5 was markedly upregulated in obese and diabetic humans and in genetic and dietary models of obesity in rodents. Furthermore, human CTRP5 expression in the subcutaneous fat depot positively correlated with BMI. A genetic loss-of-function mouse model was used to address the metabolic function of CTRP5 in vivo. On a standard chow diet, CTRP5-deficient mice had reduced fasting insulin but were otherwise comparable with wild-type littermate controls in body weight and adiposity. However, when fed a high-fat diet, CTRP5-deficient animals had attenuated hepatic steatosis and improved insulin action. Loss of CTRP5 also improved the capacity of chow-fed aged mice to respond to subsequent high-fat feeding, as evidenced by decreased insulin resistance. In cultured adipocytes and myotubes, recombinant CTRP5 treatment attenuated insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation. Our results provide the first genetic and physiological evidence for CTRP5 as a negative regulator of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Inhibition of CTRP5 action may result in the alleviation of insulin resistance associated with obesity and diabetes.
Epidemiologic analysis on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Zhejiang Province,2014

We analyzed the epidemic characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)in Zhejiang Province in the year of 2014 to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control of the disease.In 2014,57 SFTS cases were reported in Zhejiang Province,with fatality rate as 17.54%(10/57).Epidemic peak was from May to August(73.68%).The age of the cases ranged from 0.5to 84 years old with the median age of(58.75±16.30).Additionally,the median age of the death cases was 71 with the highest fatality rate in the 65-75 age group(χ2=10.437,P=0.0150.05).The most cases were farmers(89.29%).The 53.85% of patients had the history of outdoor activities,such as farming,mowing the lawn and tea plucking,two weeks before the onset of SFTS;87.03% of the cases engaged in different kinds of work which was associated with agriculture;29.09% of the patients had been exposed to ticks;54.90% of the cases engaged in raising animals at home;51.06% of the patients had been exposed to mouse.The overwhelming majority of cases experienced fever with the body temperature form 37.7℃to 41℃,which was the major onset symptom of 82.14%cases.Meanwhile,most patients also experienced fatigue,chill,myodynia and other non-specific symptoms but all appeared progressive thrombocytopenia and leucopenia.Bleeding gums symptoms showed significant statistical differences between survival and death cases(χ2=4.114,P=0.0430.05).The median time of the survival cases from illness onset to confirmation was 5.5days,and for the death cases was 7.5days.The median time from confirmation to death was 3.5days.What's more,2cases were confirmed after death.In conclusion,SFTS in Zhejiang Province has certain regional and seasonal characteristics.Most cases were older farmers.Early diagnosis and treatment may have important implications to reducing SFTS mortality.
Condylomata acuminata arising in a neovagina

A case is reported in which condylomata acuminata arose in a McIndoe neovagina. Histopathologic and virologic evidence are provided to support the characterization of these lesions as benign warty processes secondary to human papillomavirus-6. Factors influencing viral site specificity are discussed.
Teoria agresji Darwina według Freuda i chrześcijańska miłość bliźniego. Die Aggressionstheorie Darwins nach Freud und die christliche Nachstenliebe.

According to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, aggression is an indispensable factor of development, since the stronger eliminates the weaker. This behavior works on the plane of lower living beings and proceeds through environmentally conditioned selection. In the case of beings driven by instinct, human beings included, such a selection is effected by means of aggression. The theory has moral implications and they are the focus of the present paper. The author discusses the practical implementations of this theory in "the age wolves", as he calls the time of Hitler's and Stalin's dictatorships, and also in the "futuristic manifesto" - the aftermath of the French Revolution, as well as in the framework of Freud's psychoanalysis, where one of the basic thesis claims that renouncement of the sexual drive leads to aggression. According to the author such beliefs are relevant to the contemporary phenomena of robotics, genetic technology and nanotechnology. The author enters into polemics with those beliefs by referring to the basic contents of the Christian faith, mainly to the perspective of the love of neighbor.
Measure on the Real Line

There are many examples of functions that associate a nonnegative real number or \(+\infty\) with a set. There is, for example, the number of members forming the set. Given a finite probability experiment, probabilities are associated with outcomes. Riemann integration associates with each finite interval in the real line, the length of that interval. These are all examples of a “finitely additive measure.”
Carbon monoxide and anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity

The majority of commonly used anesthetic agents induce widespread neuronal degeneration in the developing mammalian brain. Downstream, the process appears to involve activation of the oxidative stress-associated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Targeting this pathway could result in prevention of anesthetic toxicity in the immature brain. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas that exerts biological activity in the developing brain and low dose exposures have the potential to provide neuroprotection. In recent work, low concentration CO exposures limited isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in newborn mice and modulated oxidative stress within forebrain mitochondria. Because infants and children are routinely exposed to low levels of CO during low-flow general endotracheal anesthesia, such anti-oxidant and pro-survival cellular effects are clinically relevant. Here we provide an overview of anesthesia-related CO exposure, discuss the biological activity of low concentration CO, detail the effects of CO in the brain during development, and provide evidence for CO-mediated inhibition of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity.
Eddington’s Limits of Knowledge: The Role of Religion

When thinking about the limits of scientific knowledge , religion is often invoked. Religious ideas are outside science, perhaps; or religious dogma constrains what science can know.
EEG/ERP Research in Consumer Perceptions of Apparel Products

The purposes of this research are (1) to review EEG/ERP research that may be applicable to understanding how consumers actually but subconsciously process fashion-related information or stimuli and (2) to speculate about possible uses of ERP experiments as a new research tool to study fashion consumer behavior.
Electronic medical record interventions and recurrent perioperative antibiotic administration: a before-and-after study.

Perioperative antibiotics decrease rates of surgical-site infections. Numerous interventions have improved administration of the first antibiotic dose; however, failures in the administration of subsequent doses frequently occur. We hypothesized that modifications to the electronic medical record (EMR) would improve the administration of the second antibiotic dose and that such improvements would be sustained over time. This historical cohort before-and-after study of multipronged alerts in the EMR analyzed 1,348 operations on adult patients. The operations lasted ≥ 240 min, utilized cefazolin as the perioperative antibiotic—constituting 1,348 second and 182 third intraoperative antibiotic doses—and did not involve cardiopulmonary bypass. A decision support intervention provided dosing recommendations when clinicians documented antibiotics. The reminder intervention displayed a continuous bar in the EMR, starting at the time the antibiotics were dosed and ending 15 min before subsequent doses were indicated. The primary endpoints of the study were the change in the proportion of correctly administered second dose of cefazolin, given in accordance with hospital guidelines in the month after implementing the intervention, and whether any improvements declined by three to seven months after implementation. Pre-intervention, 51.4% of second doses of cefazolin were correctly administered. In the immediate post-intervention period, 68.5% were correctly administered, representing a significant absolute improvement of 17.1% (95% confidence interval, 8.1 to 26.1; P < 0.001). Rates did not decline over time; clinicians correctly administered 73.3% of doses in the delayed post-intervention period (P < 0.001 vs pre-intervention). These inexpensive nonintrusive interventions to the EMR provided modest lasting improvements in proper administration of repeated doses of cefazolin. The fact that only approximately 70% compliance was reached highlights the difficulty in addressing this deficiency.
Introduction to Optimization Models

We refer to a model that uses mathematical programming to find an optimal quantity as an optimization model. Thus, an optimization model differs from an evaluation model in that it goes beyond simply evaluating the consequences of proposed alternatives: It actually identifies the “optimal” alternative. How does an optimization model accomplish this impressive task? In this age of readily available computing power and ever more user-friendly software, it is possible to build and use optimization models without a detailed understanding of the mathematics that underlie the answer to this question. To truly take advantage of this capability, however, it is necessary to have a basic understanding of some core concepts. The primary objective of this note is to introduce these concepts. This note is highly pragmatic; the companion note “The Mathematics of Optimization” (UVA-QA-0683) explores more deeply the mathematical foundations of the concepts and is designed for the user with the motivation and mathematical background to further explore the topic. Excerpt UVA-QA-0682 March 29, 2010 INTRODUCTION TO OPTIMIZATION MODELS The primary source of difficulty in some decisions is the sheer number of available alternatives from which to choose. This is most frequently the case when the decision to be made is the specification of a quantity, such as how large to make a production batch size, what percentage of a portfolio to put into each available investment alternative, or how to allocate an advertising budget among possible vehicles. For those types of decisions, a model that simply evaluates the performance of a given alternative can be useful in facilitating a search over the possible alternatives. Such a model is limited in its value, however. The search it requires can be time-consuming, with no guarantee of ever finding the exact optimal quantity. Frequently, in situations like this, it is possible to identify the optimal quantitywithout resorting to such a search, using a technique known as mathematical programming. We refer to a model that uses mathematical programming to find an optimal quantity as an optimization model. Thus, an optimization model differs from an evaluation model in that it goes beyond simply evaluating the consequences of proposed alternatives: It actually identifies the “optimal” alternative. How does an optimization model accomplish this impressive task? In this age of readily available computing power and ever more user-friendly software, it is possible to build and use optimization models without a detailed understanding of the mathematics that underlie the answer to this question. To truly take advantage of this capability, however, it is necessary to have a basic understanding of some core concepts. The primary objective of this note is to introduce these concepts. This note is highly pragmatic; the companion note “The Mathematics of Optimization” (UVA-QA-0683) explores more deeply the mathematical foundations of the concepts and is designed for the user with the motivation and mathematical background to further explore the topic. . . .
Incremental adaptation using active learning for acoustic emotion recognition

The performance of speech emotion classifiers greatly degrade when the training conditions do not match the testing conditions. This problem is observed in cross-corpora evaluations, even when the corpora are similar. The lack of generalization is particularly problematic when the emotion classifiers are used in real applications. This study addresses this problem by combining active learning (AL) and supervised domain adaptation (DA) using an elegant approach for support vector machine (SVM). Active learning selects samples in the new domain that are used to adapt the speech classification models using domain adaptation. This paper demonstrates that we can increase the performance of the speech recognition system by incrementally adapting the models using carefully selected samples available after active learning. We propose a novel iterative fast converging incremental adaptation algorithm that only uses correctly classified samples at each iteration. This conservative framework creates sequences of smooth changes in the decision hyperplane, resulting in statistically significant improvements over conventional schemes that adapt the models at once using all the available data.
Radiology Trainee vs Faculty Radiologist Fluoroscopy Time for Imaging-Guided Procedures: A Retrospective Study of 17,966 Reports Over a 5.5-Year Period

To evaluate differences in fluoroscopy time (FT) for common vascular access and gastrointestinal procedures performed by radiology trainees vs faculty radiologists. Report information was extracted for all 17,966 index fluoroscopy services performed by trainees or faculty, or both from 2 university hospitals over 66 months. Various vascular access procedures (eg, peripherally inserted central catheters [PICCs] and ports) and gastrointestinal fluoroscopy procedures (eg, upper gastrointestinal and contrast enema studies) were specifically targeted. Statistical analysis was performed. FT was recorded in 17,549 of 17,966 reports (98%) The 1393 procedures performed by nonphysician providers or transitional year interns were excluded. Residents, fellows, and faculty were primary operators in 5066, 6489, and 4601 procedures, respectively. Average FT (in seconds) for resident and fellow services, respectively, was less than that of faculty only for PICCs (75 and 101 vs 148, P < 0.01). For all other procedures, average FT of trainee services was greater than that for faculty. This was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for fellows vs faculty port placement (121 vs 87), resident vs faculty small bowel series (130 vs 96), and both resident and fellow vs faculty esophagram procedures (143 and 183 vs 126 ). FT for residents was significantly less than that for fellows only for PICCs (75 vs 101, P < 0.01). For most, but not all, fluoroscopy procedures commonly performed by radiology trainees, FT is greater than that for procedures performed by faculty radiologists. Better awareness and understanding of such differences may aid training programs in developing benchmarks, protocols, and focused teaching in the safe use of fluoroscopy for patients and operators.
Exploring the Interfaces of Studio-based Learning in Management Education: An Aesthetics Approach

Amidst increased pressures for creativity and innovation, organizations and business schools are experimenting with studio-based learning. Current studio (from Latin studium and English study) prac...
Resilience and thriving in spite of disasters: A stages of change approach

This chapter discusses individual, social, and organizational readiness for change in the context of resilience and sustainability; research focuses on measuring and improving population preparedness for catastrophic events, especially events exacerbated by extreme weather and sea-level rise. Resilience needs to be addressed directly through physical and financial measures, redistribution of control mechanisms, stress and conflict management pre- and post-disaster. Also, populations will benefit from adapting their attitudes and everyday habits that will be affected by projected disruptions in resource availability, infrastructure, and environmental conditions. This chapter demonstrates the potential of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to improve preparedness to respond to extreme weather and sea-level rise. One key strength of this model is its ability to reach even those who are not yet ready to take action and perhaps even unaware. TTM interventions have proven effective in changing numerous health behaviors—not only for individuals, but also at the organizational and policy level. TTM shows promise to promote sustainability and resilience behavior changes on a large scale. Current work has produced promising results at the local level, and a federally funded collaborative of multiple agencies is currently preparing to evaluate this model nationally.
Treatment of failed articular cartilage reconstructive procedures of the knee: A systematic review

Background:Symptomatic articular cartilage lesions of the knee are common and are being treated surgically with increasing frequency. While many studies have reported outcomes following a variety o...
SP0028 Effects of inflammation on bone in inflammatory arthritis

Research in my laboratory is devoted to the study of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with a particular interest in the fundamental mechanisms of bone and cartilage destruction. Key research findings include the identification of osteoclasts as the cell type responsible for bone destruction in RA, and receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) as the critical cytokine produced by cells within RA synovial tissues that promotes osteoclastogenesis. More recently, we have identified the inhibitory effects of synovial inflammation on bone formation in RA, and focused on the effects of inflammation in inhibiting the Wnt signalling pathway, resulting in the impairment of osteoblast function. We have also studied the mechanisms that prevent healing of bone erosions in RA, and will discuss a completed clinical trial that addresses the question of erosion healing. Mechanisms of bone loss in RA will be contrasted to mechanisms of bone formation in spondyloarthritis. Finally, we have identified specific pathways in the innate immune system that regulate bone remodelling in the setting of inflammation, and these appear to be directly relevant to inflammatory arthritis. This lecture will thus cover what we have learned about basic mechanisms, and will discuss the clinical implications of this work for the practicing physician. Disclosure of Interest E. Gravallese Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Lilly, Pfizer (all completed), Consultant for: Sanofi/Genzyme, Employee of: New England Journal of Medicine