cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Basic Ring Laser Gyro Theory

The semiclassical theory of a ring laser gyro is reviewed including discussion of the Sagnac effect, mode coupling, mode locking, dither, bias techniques, role of isotopes, and gaseous laser media. In addition a fully quantized theory for media with nonmoving atoms is used to examine the stability of unidirectional operation.
Adsorption of naphthalene and indole on F300 MOF in liquid phase by the complementary spectroscopic, kinetic and DFT studies

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are the promising functional materials for adsorption in liquid phase. It is important to understand the details of chemical bonding between the aromatic and heteroaromatic adsorbates and major structural units in the MOF sorbent—metal coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS) and organic linkers. In this paper, we report the mechanistic studies of adsorption of naphthalene and indole on F300 Basolite MOF by two complementary spectroscopic methods and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Fluorescence spectra, the near-UV/visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (near-UV/VIS DRS) and DFT calculations suggest that naphthalene forms an adsorption complex with F300 MOF where naphthalene is quantum confined within the cavity of the F300, weakly electronically bound to the Fe(III) CUS, and strongly dispersively stabilized by side interactions with the benzene rings of the linker of F300. On the other hand, indole forms an adsorption complex with F300 MOF in which indole is electronically bound to the Fe(III) CUS and dispersively stabilized by the side interactions with benzene rings of the linker. Coordination bonds between indole and F300 MOF in the adsorption complex are detected by geometry optimization using the DFT method, and electronic spectra are calculated by the time-dependent-DFT method. The direct spectroscopic proof of the formation of adsorption complex with coordination bonds between indole and F300 MOF is provided by the complementary near-UV/VIS DRS spectroscopy (new absorption bands at 460–660 nm), the wavelength-dependent fluorescence spectroscopy (new fluorescence bands at 410 and 430 nm) and by the time-dependent fluorescence spectroscopy.
Parental Grief and Memento Mori Photography: Narrative, Meaning, Culture, and Context

Postmortem photography is a widespread practice in perinatal bereavement care, yet few studies have explored how it affects bereaved parents, or how it might be received by parents of older children. This study is an examination of the meaning, utility, and social context of postmortem photography in a sample of 181 bereaved parents. Data were subjected to both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Photographs were positively regarded by most parents after perinatal death and several parents of older children. Other parents rejected postmortem photography for aesthetic, personal, or cultural reasons. Brief recommendations are offered for healthcare providers.
Carcinogenicity of bisphenol-A in Fischer rats and B6C3F1 mice.

Bisphenol-A (BP-A; 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol) is a monomer of plastics commonly used in various consumer products, and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of epoxy, polycarbonate, and polyester-styrene resins. A National Toxicology Program carcinogenesis bioassay of BP-A (>98% pure) was conducted by feeding diets containing 0, 1000, or 2000 ppm BP-A to groups of 50 male and 50 female Fischer (F)344 rats; 0, 1000, or 5000 ppm to groups of 50 male B6C3F1 mice; and 0, 5000, or 10 000 ppm to groups of 50 female B6C3F1 mice for 103 weeks. The mean body weights of the low- and high-dose rats and of female mice and high-dose male mice were lower than those of the controls throughout much of the study. Lower body weight gains in rats were likely caused by reduced food consumption. Survivals were comparable among groups. Regarding neoplasia, leukemias occurred at increased incidences in BP-A-dosed rats of both sexes: male, 13/50 controls vs 12/50 low-dose and 23/50 high-dose (P < 0.03); in females, the respective findings were 7/50, 13/50, and 12/50. Interstitial-cell tumors of the testes were increased in BP-A-dosed male rats: 35/49 controls vs 48/50 (P < 0.01) and 46/49 (P < 0.01); and an increasing trend was observed for mammary gland fibroadenomas in male rats (P < 0.05, 0/50 controls vs 0/50 and 4/50). In male mice, lymphomas/leukemias were increased: 2/49 controls vs 9/50 (P < 0.05) and 5/50. Multinucleated giant hepatocytes were observed in male mice (1/49 controls vs 41/49 and 41/50), whereas there was no increase of liver tumors. In their BP-A bioassay report, the National Toxicology Program concluded that there was no convincing evidence that BP-A was carcinogenic for rats or mice. However, the marginal increases in leukemias in male and female rats, along with increases in the combined incidence of lymphomas and leukemias in male mice, suggest that BP-A may be associated with increased cancers of the hematopoietic system. Increases in interstitial-cell tumors of the testes in rats were also evidence of carcinogenesis, as was the unusual occurrence of mammary gland fibroadenomas in male rats.
Particle dispersion in forced isotropic low-Mach-number turbulence

Abstract Dispersion of solid particles in forced isotropic low-Mach-number turbulent flows s studied. The carrier phase is considered in the Eulerian frame and is simulated by direct numerical simulation (DNS) whereas the particles are treated in a Lagrangian context. The formulation includes the effects of the two-way coupling on the carrier phase. The results verify previous observations for velocity field in similar studies in incompressible flows while providing new insights into the modifications of the thermodynamic fields. It is found that the ratio of the root mean square (rms) Mach number to the mean Mach number is nearly constant (∼0.41) for all of the cases. A peak value is observed in the variation of the particle velocity variance (normalized with the fluid velocity variance) with the mass loading ratio. The polytropic coefficient decreases linearly by the increase of the mass loading ratio, and nonlinearly by the decrease of the particle time constant. © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Phencyclidine (PCP): Effects on auditory evoked potentials in the rhesus monkey

Effects of acute and chronic administration of phencyclidine (PCP) on auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) were studied in rhesus monkeys with encephalic electrodes permanently implanted. AEPs were evoked by single clicks (1.0 pps in frequency) generated by an externally triggered audiomonitor. Single PCP injections (dose, 2.0 or 4.0 mg/kg IV) in monkeys produced a striking distortion in the amplitudes of major AEP components. This AEP distortion was manifested in superior temporal cortex (ST) by a complex pattern of amplitude reduction and enhancement, and was manifested in the medial geniculate body (MGB) by amplitude reduction. These effects persisted for 4 to 5 hours. Upon chronic administration (dose, 4.0 mg/kg IV daily), the effects of PCP on AEP components in ST were enhanced while little change was noted in its effect on AEP components in MGB. These results suggest that PCP administration in rhesus monkeys causes a significant disturbance of AEPs within central nervous system structures associated with auditory processing (i.e., ST and MGB), and that chronic PCP administration enhances its effects on AEPs predominantly in the primary auditory cortex while having little additional effects on AEPs from the subcortical auditory pathways.
Modeling and analysis of temporal failure and degradation behavior of critical infrastructure systems

We present an approach for modeling and analyzing the temporal failure and degradation behavior of critical infrastructure systems (CISs) using advanced temporal database management systems. We class the possible failure and/or degraded performance of CISs into different temporal categories, namely, crisp or exact intervals, nonvanishing imprecise intervals and vanishing imprecise intervals. The three temporal operators: Union (OR), Overlap (AND) and Not are extended to operate on the above categories of precise and imprecise intervals. The temporal operators are used recursively to capture the fault tolerance topology of CIS. For example, if a component of CIS has built-in redundancy for fault tolerance, the fault behavior of this component propagates to the outside only when all the redundant units of this component fail simultaneously. In this case, the failure temporal expressions of the redundant units are joined by temporal Overlap operators to indicate that the failure of the composite component is contingent on the failure of all units. We show how query languages with temporal extensions can be used to obtain useful answers for time-related queries and retrieve useful information about the exact and potential time points for degraded modes of operation. The storage overhead of incorporating the imprecise intervals in a temporal database is analyzed.
Gains and losses in the margins of time: From West and Equatorial history to present-day South Africa, and back

Ten years–eventful ones in our new century of intellectual and world experience –have passed since I published Marginal Gains in 2004. Reading the nine articles on the ‘popular economy’ in South Africa recently presented in Africa (Hull and James 2012)–several of which draw in one way or another on my own work– presents me with new momentum for revisiting and updating some of the lines of research and argument that we could be developing further. In fact, the L. H. Morgan Lectures, delivered at the University of Rochester, from which Marginal Gains was developed, were delivered in 1997, so the impulse to update should be even stronger. Also we need to extend the purview of this analytical and comparative work beyond Atlantic Africa, whose domestic and international economic history for several hundred years is so largely oriented towards trade and markets. South Africa is a particularly important case to bring into comparative study, with its hundred-year history of domination by the extractive industries and deliberate impoverishment of African popular economies until the 1990s, when new initiatives began to fill in gaps in the labour market and spaces in the economics of daily life. More and more of the continent is converging somewhere between the two models: a mix of extractive industry (and agriculture) dominated by international business (but counted in the official figures as part of the gross domestic product) and a ‘do-it-yourself’ sector based variously on customary-legal access to resources, expertise built up from the past, non-official modes of social mobilization, and sheer ingenuity within the increasingly intricate and not necessarily coherent interstices in what I called ‘formalities’ (Guyer 2004), in the plural. In Atlantic Africa and elsewhere on the continent, an old, established popular sector is being brought into sharp confrontation with expanding capital-intensive presences. In South Africa, an old and powerfully established formal, capitalintensive sector deals with a newly emergent and experimental popular sector. This may be a different version of the same ‘interface’ that we put into the framework for our first collection on ‘money matters’ (Guyer 1995a) in West and Equatorial Africa, and that I took as the general historical backdrop to the analyses in Marginal Gains. Can our analytics work across these variously constructed and rapidly changing interfaces? These articles create an important and challenging opportunity to expand regional relevance and raise general
Not All Threats are Created Equal: How Implicitness and Timing Affect the Effectiveness of Threats in Negotiations

The effectiveness of threats in negotiations was examined by exploring two factors likely to affect it: implicitness, or the extent to which the threat mentions what action the perpetrator would take if the target does not comply; and timing, or the time when the threat is stated. Participants were given a negotiation scenario that differed only by the nature of the threat made by their counterpart. The design was a 2 (implicit vs. explicit threat) × 2 (early vs. late threat) factorial design with a control condition (no threat). The study showed that early-implicit and late-explicit threats were both more likely to elicit concessions than early-explicit and late-implicit threats. The two more effective threats were also the ones that made the perpetrator seem less aggressive. Further, perceived credibility mediated the positive effect that late-explicit threats had over late-implicit threats in eliciting concessions. These results support the claim that whether making the threat’s sanction implicit is effective depends on its timing, as the nature of bargaining moves and perceptions varies over time (Pruitt 1981). They suggest that the way in which a threat is stated may dramatically influence its effect on the target.
Minihelicon Plasma Thruster

A compact high-power-density helicon plasma source operating on abundant medium atomic weight gases is under examination for a potential electric propulsion application. A high specific impulse, which is easily varied in the range of ~1-2 ks for Ar and ~2-4 ks for N2 propellant, was achieved. A well- collimated plasma plume with emittance ~10deg is produced in a single-magnet configuration. Analysis of the data obtained using in situ and noninvasive spectral diagnostics indicates almost complete gaseous propellant ionization and thrust efficiency etaT ~ 20% with the lowest net ionization cost of ~(80 V)-1 per ion. Direct weighing has yielded a thrusting force of T ~ 10 mN.
Measuring the Impact of Growth and Income Distribution on Poverty in India

Since the economic reforms of the early 1990s, the Indian economy witnessed a rapid rise in the mean income level, and, simultaneously, changes in the distribution of income. This study tries to capture how these changes affected poverty levels across major states in India. Total change in poverty is decomposed into the changes due to a rise in the mean income level and due to changes in the distribution of income. It is observed that, in India, rapid growth led to a significant decline in poverty though changes in the distribution of income which adversely affected the poor.
Efficacy of Three Potential Alternatives to Antimicrobial Feed Additives for Weanling Pigs1

Three 5-wk growth trials involving 288 weanling pigs were conducted to assess the efficacy of three feed additives as alternatives to antimicrobial feed additives. In Trial 1, a mannanoligosaccha-ride (MOS) source was evaluated with the antimicrobial feed additive carbadox. Treatments included 1) a control diet, 2) a diet containing MOS (0.3% during wk 1 and 0.2% for wk 2 through 5), 3) a diet containing carbadox (55 ppm), and 4) a diet containing both additives. For the 5-wk trial, ADG was 446, 450, 489, and 489 g, and ADFI was 770, 769, 840, and 826 g for Treatments 1 through 4, respectively. No effects of MOS supplementation and no interaction effects of MOS and carbadox were observed (P>0.40). Dietary addition of carbadox resulted in an 8% increase in feed consumption and a 9% improvement in growth rate (P 0.40). A slight reduction in growth rate with Bacillus supplementation was observed (P<0.05). Carbadox improved growth rate by 9% and improved feed conversion efficiency by 4% (P<0.01). In Trial 3, increasing dietary levels of a polyaspartate biopolymer product (PAB) (0, 100, 200, and 400 ppm) were assessed. Overall ADG was 502, 491, 491, and 513 g, and ADFI was 889, 836, 823, and 866 for the 0, 100, 200, and 400 ppm PAB treatments, respectively. There was a quadratic change in ADFI with increasing PAB level (P<0.06), but no other effect of PAB was observed. Under the conditions of these trials, no improvements in growth performance with the alternative feed additive products were observed. The antimicrobial feed additive carbadox was effective in improving weanling pig growth performance.
Effect of Isocaloric Low Fat Diet on Prostate Cancer Xenograft Progression in a Hormone Deprivation Model

Purpose: Previous mouse studies suggesting that low fat diets slow prostate cancer growth often used corn oil (ω-6), which enhances prostate cancer growth, as the primary fat. Using a saturated fat based diet we previously found no significant difference in tumor growth between low and high fat fed SCID mice (Taconic Farms, Hudson, New York) xenografted with LAPC-4 cells. Whether similar results would hold in a castration model is unclear.Materials and Methods: A total of 80 male SCID mice were fed a Western diet (40% fat and 44% carbohydrate) and injected with LAPC-4 human prostate cancer cells. When tumors were 200 mm3, the mice were castrated and randomized to an isocaloric Western or a low fat diet (12% fat and 72% carbohydrate). Animals were sacrificed when tumors were 1,000 mm3. Serum was collected and assayed for prostate specific antigen, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3. Tumors were assayed for total and phosphorylated Akt.Results: Mouse weigh...
Mucoglycoprotein hypersecretion in allergic rhinitis and cystic fibrosis

There is little information about specific changes in submucosal gland exocytosis in diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR), nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), and cystic fibrosis (CF). Nasal lavage flui...
ABC modeling: advanced features [semiconductor manufacturing]

At IBM in Essex Junction, Vermont, an enhanced ABC model is being used not only to assign costs to wafers, but in several new ways that have enabled analysis across multiple dimensions. The model is being used to aid cost reduction activities by providing wafer cost breakdown by process type (e.g., expose, deposition, etch, cleans, measurement), by element (e.g., depreciation, chemicals, staffing, occupancy), by level (e.g., poly gate, metal, via), and by equipment state (e.g., productive or idle). These new cost breakdowns allow a more complete understanding of the cost contribution of different factors and therefore enable proper focus with regard to cost reduction activities and productivity studies. For example, wafer costs broken down by masking layer show that critical levels (i.e., critical in terms of printing requirements) are the most expensive to manufacture. This approach changes classical activity-based-costing (ABC) from a financial tool to a managerial tool for assessing factory dynamics.
MORPHOLOGY OF ABNORMAL FLOWERS IN SOME ANGIOSPERMS

In the following study, a description is given of five cases of abnormalities of flowers. The abnormalities fall into two categories, viz. virescence and phyllody of the floral organs and petalody of the stamens. The two categories will be treated separately.
Influence of spring phenology on seasonal and annual carbon balance in two contrasting New England forests

Summary Spring phenology is thought to exert a major influence on the carbon (C) balance of temperate and boreal ecosystems. We investigated this hypothesis using four spring onset phenological indicators in conjunction with surface–atmosphere CO2 exchange data from the conifer-dominated Howland Forest and deciduous-dominated Harvard Forest AmeriFlux sites. All phenological measures, including CO2 source–sink transition dates, could be well predicted on the basis of a simple twoparameter spring warming model, indicating good potential for improving the representation of phenological transitions and their dynamic responsiveness to climate variability in land surface models. The date at which canopy-scale photosynthetic capacity reached a threshold value of 12 lmol m � 2 s � 1 was better correlated with spring and annual flux integrals than were either deciduous or coniferous bud burst dates. For all phenological indicators, earlier spring onset consistently, but not always significantly, resulted in higher gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (RE) for both seasonal (spring months, April–June) and annual flux integrals. The increase in RE was less than that in GPP; depending on the phenological indicator used, a one-day advance in spring onset increased springtime net ecosystem productivity (NEP) by 2–4 g C m � 2 day � 1 .I n general, we could not detect significant differences between the two forest types in response to earlier spring, although the response to earlier spring was generally more pronounced for Harvard Forest than for Howland Forest, suggesting that future climate warming may favor deciduous species over coniferous species, at least in this region. The effect of earlier spring tended to be about twice as large when annual rather than springtime flux integrals were considered. This result is suggestive of both immediate and lagged effects of earlier spring onset on
Maternal Identity Negotiations Among Low-Income Women With Symptoms of Postpartum Depression

In this study, we used a constructivist grounded theory approach to explore maternal identity negotiations among low-income ethnic minority mothers with postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms. Nineteen mothers were recruited from Women, Infant, and Children clinics located in two coastal cities in the United States to participate in in-depth interviews. Constant comparative analysis revealed that mothers experienced their PPD symptoms and poverty as evidence of maternal failure, but also drew on discourses of maternal self-sacrifice, engagement with their children, and pleasure in mothering to construct a positive sense of self. To negotiate these conflicting versions of self, mothers positively appraised their own mothering in relation to stigmatized "others" and framed their depression as a foreign entity, one that stood outside of a core, authentic sense of self. Through our consideration of the intersecting contexts of poverty and postpartum depressive symptoms, this article adds to the literature on PPD and mothering.
Real-time full signature corrosion detection of underground casing pipes

Steel casing pipes used in underground gas storage or in oil fields are subjected to corrosion. Corrosion frequently causes some pitting or wall thinning to the internal or external of casing pipes. More serious corrosion would form holes on the casing pipes and induce serious operational problems. Hence, corrosion monitoring and early detection of field oil pipe is considerably important to the gas and petroleum industry. We will introduce in this paper a new version of the Direct Current (DC) electromagnetic induction system which is capable of detecting small, isolated corrosion pits and holes on the casing wall. A sensor system based on the DC electromagnetic induction instrument is coupled to an updated data acquisition system. Unlike the conventional DC induction instrument this system transmits all the measured flux leakage (FL) signals and eddy current (EC) signals to the computer logging system (CLS) on surface. To transmit the information represented by enormous data acquired by the downhole instruments to the CLS on surface, a wavelet data compression technique is incorporated. A VLSI integrated circuit (IC) realizing wavelet transform has been designed so that the real time mode can be achieved during the logging operation. The circuit has been designed using a CMOS n-well 2 /spl mu/m technology and has been fabricated by MOSIS.
Complementary learning systems.

This paper reviews the fate of the central ideas behind the complementary learning systems (CLS) framework as originally articulated in McClelland, McNaughton, and O’Reilly (1995). This framework explains why the brain requires two differentially specialized learning and memory systems, and it nicely specifies their central properties (i.e., the hippocampus as a sparse, pattern-separated system for rapidly learning episodic memories, and the neocortex as a distributed, overlapping system for gradually integrating across episodes to extract latent semantic structure). We review the application of the CLS framework to a range of important topics, including the following: the basic neural processes of hippocampal memory encoding and recall, conjunctive encoding, human recognition memory, consolidation of initial hippocampal learning in cortex, dynamic modulation of encoding versus recall, and the synergistic interactions between hippocampus and neocortex. Overall, the CLS framework remains a vital theoretical force in the field, with the empirical data over the past 15 years generally confirming its key principles.
The effect of distributed monitoring exercises and feedback on performance, monitoring accuracy, and self-efficacy

Monitoring one's own study processes accurately is important in self-regulated learning. This study compared a treatment (N = 45) and comparison class (N = 39) on the effects of monitoring exercises and feedback on calibration and test performance over a 16- week undergraduate course. Path analyses revealed a significant influence of the intervention on class performance, calibration, and self-efficacy. The results suggest the appropriateness of integrating distributed metacognitive exercises in class content and the fundamental role of monitoring ability in performance-based course outcomes and self-efficacy.
Cancer and post-traumatic stress disorder: diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment considerations.

Objective:The purpose of this article was to review the literature regarding diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) associated with cancer.Method:We surveyed studies examining the validity of diagnostic scales commonly used to measure PTSD in patients with cancer. Neurobiological underpinnings of PTSD and cancer, including inflammation as the physiological mechanism linking these comorbidities, were examined. Psychopharmacologic and psychotherapeutic treatment of PTSD symptoms in patients with cancer was reviewed. In addition, potential drug–drug interactions between psychotropic medications commonly used to treat PTSD and anti-cancer agents were reviewed.Results:Multiple studies demonstrated the validity of the PTSD Checklist Civilian Version (PCL-C) in diagnosing PTSD in patients with cancer. Research has shown that PTSD as defined in DSM-IV appears to be a better model for conceptualizing distress in patients with cancer than a generalized “distress” model. Epidemiologic studies have shown an increased incidence of PTSD associated with cancer; however, literature regarding characteristics of PTSD in patients with cancer is cross-sectional in nature.Significance of results:Future research focusing on longitudinal, prospective studies to identify patients at risk, determine causal or aggravating factors, and develop preventive interventions is needed. Further study of PTSD in patients with cancer may help increase recognition of this disorder, optimize treatment, and enhance the quality of life of these individuals.
Nonlinear Plane Transverse Waves in Elastic Materials (Murnaghan Model, Five-Constant Model)

This chapter is devoted to analysis of nonlinear elastic plane transverse harmonic waves. It starts with basic nonlinear wave equations for these waves, and subsequently, the statement is divided into two parts. In the first part the quadratically nonlinear waves are discussed. The second part includes an analysis of the following nonlinear approach—simultaneous allowance for quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. Part 1 is devoted to solving the second and third standard problems for which the method of successive approximations is used. The first two approximations are considered, and the corresponding wave effects are described and discussed. In Part 2, cubically nonlinear waves are considered. Here, the method of slowly varying amplitudes as applied to the study of the plane elastic harmonic transverse waves is applied, and the problem of self-switching of two transverse elastic harmonic plane waves is presented in sequence.
Crafting Mechatronic Percussion with Everyday Materials

We present a kit comprising cardboard mechanical components and a custom printed circuit board, designed to support novices in building computational percussive instruments with everyday materials. We set three design criteria: accessibility, adaptability, and expressivity. We conducted two workshops with experts and novices to assess the usability of our kit and observe the variety of constructions that users make. The kit enabled both experts and novices to build working instruments and to explore creative experimentation with different materials and objects.
Rectifying Failure of Service: How Customer Perceptions of Justice Affect Their Emotional Response and Social Media Testimonial

The purpose of this study is to examine how perceived justice affects a customer’s emotional response during the process of rectifying a service failure and the effect of that response to word-of-mouth recommendations posted on social media. Specifically, this study develops and tests a theoretical model which connects service recovery encounters in restaurants (justice and emotion), incidents of sharing opinions in social networks (electronic world-of-mouth), and re-patronage intention. A survey queried customers who had a service recovery experience at a casual dining restaurant and also were social media users. The survey produced 811 valid responses. Confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation modeling tested the proposed model and research hypotheses. The findings of the study reveal that perceived justice affects customers’ loyalty (e-WOM and re-patronage intention) through emotions generated during the recovery from a failure in service. Among the three justice attributes (distributive...
Effect of Various Degrees of Anoxemia on Secretion of Acid and Chlorides by the Stomach

SummaryIt was found, in harbitalized dogs and cats, that an-oxemia less severe than that produced by breathing air with a partial pressure of oxygen of 53 rnm. of mercury had no effect on gastric secretion. When this partial pressure, a very severe degree of anoxemia, is reached there is an appreciable depression of the secretion of acid and chlorides by the stomach. One may thus conclude that gastric secretion in response to filling the stomachs of barbitalized animals with water is appreaciable influenced only by very severe degrees of anoxema. It also seems that anemic is more effective in depressing gastric secretion that is anoxic anoxic.
Electroantennogram Responses of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Adults in Relation to Maize Silk Morphology and Phenology

Volatile maize, Zea mays L., silk semiochemicals are attractive to Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, western cons rootworm, adults and were evaluated using an electroantennogram (EAG) to determine the morphology and phenology of silk that is most EAG active. Senescing portions (the brown portion that protrudes from the tip of the ear) of silks 7-24 d after silk emergence elicited strong EAG responses from adults, significantly stronger than EAG responses to the green portion of silks (under the husks) or whole silks from the same phenology. When the EAG response of adults to the portion of silk that protrudes from the tip of the ear was evaluated at different phenologies, EAG response was significantly stronger to silks 7-24 d past silk emergence than to silks 1-4 d past silk emergence. Both males and females gave strong EAG responses to senescing portions of silks, but the response of female antennae to senescing silk was significantly greater than the response of males. Dichloromethane extracts of senescing, brown silks elicited significantly higher EAG responses from the antennae of western corn rootworm and D. undecimpunctata howardi Barber, southern corn rootworm, adults than dichloromethane extracts of green portion of silks (under the husks) or husks.
Spray pyrolysis deposition and photoelectrochemical properties of n-type BiOI nanoplatelet thin films

Bismuth oxy-iodide is a potentially interesting visible-light-active photocatalyst; yet there is little research regarding its photoelectrochemical properties. Herein we report the synthesis of BiOI nanoplatelet photoelectrodes by spray pyrolysis on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates at various temperatures. The films exhibited n-type conductivity, most likely due to the presence of anion vacancies, and optimized films possessed incident photon conversion efficiencies of over 20% in the visible range for the oxidation of I– to I3– at 0.4 V vs Ag/AgCl in acetonitrile. Visible-light photons (λ > 420 nm) contributed approximately 75% of the overall photocurrent under AM1.5G illumination, illustrating their usefulness under solar light illumination. A deposition temperature of 260 °C was found to result in the best performance due to the balance of morphology, crystallinity, impurity levels, and optical absorption, leading to photocurrents of roughly 0.9 mA/cm2 at 0.4 V vs Ag/AgCl. Although the films perform...
Metallograpiuc Study of Gasar Porous Magnesium

One of the promising techniques for making porous metals is the so-called GASAR process. In principle, the process affords considerable control over pore size, shape, and distribution. However, in practice, the pore microstructure is difficult to control, and a clearer understanding of microstructural evolution would be helpful. In this study, the authors undertake a detailed microstructural study of a porous Mg and AZ31 Mg alloy synthesized by the GASAR process. Microscopic studies demonstrated the presence of different pore size ranges. The pore distribution depended on the distance from the chill end of ingots. TEM observations revealed apparent crack lines (gas tracks) near the pores and ternary intermetallic phases in the alloy.
Recognising congenital glaucoma.

The Medical Journal of Australia ISSN: 0025-729X 19 October 2009 191 8 466-467©The Medical Journal of Australia 2009www.mja.com.auLessons from PracticeThis case of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) illustrates thetypical clinical features of this condition, which, if untreated,results in blindness. In this case, the infant was referred to ourophthalmology service by a general paediatrician, who was review-ing her for thyroid and cardiac disease; neither of these conditionshas a known association with congenital glaucoma.The difficulty in recognising PCG lies partly in its rarity; PCG hasa reported incidence of 1 in 30000 live births in Australia.
Fast ion conductivity in strained defect-fluorite structure created by ion tracks in Gd2Ti2O7

The structure and ion-conducting properties of the defect-fluorite ring structure formed around amorphous ion-tracks by swift heavy ion irradiation of Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore are investigated. High angle annular dark field imaging complemented with ion-track molecular dynamics simulations show that the atoms in the ring structure are disordered, and have relatively larger cation-cation interspacing than in the bulk pyrochlore, illustrating the presence of tensile strain in the ring region. Density functional theory calculations show that the non-equilibrium defect-fluorite structure can be stabilized by tensile strain. The pyrochlore to defect-fluorite structure transformation in the ring region is predicted to be induced by recrystallization during a melt-quench process and stabilized by tensile strain. Static pair-potential calculations show that planar tensile strain lowers oxygen vacancy migration barriers in pyrochlores, in agreement with recent studies on fluorite and perovskite materials. In view of these results, it is suggested that strain engineering could be simultaneously used to stabilize the defect-fluorite structure and gain control over its high ion-conducting properties.
Sanguineous Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Tamponade in the Setting of Graves' Disease: Report of a Case and Review of Previously Reported Cases.

Introduction. Pericardial effusion in the setting of hyperthyroidism is rare. We present a patient with Graves' disease who developed a sanguineous pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. Case Description. A 76-year-old man presenting with fatigue was diagnosed with Graves' disease and treated with methimazole. Two months later, he was hospitalized for uncontrolled atrial fibrillation. Electrocardiography showed diffuse low voltage and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate. Chest radiograph revealed an enlarged cardiac silhouette and left-sided pleural effusion. Thyroid stimulating hormone was undetectable, and free thyroxine was elevated. Diltiazem and heparin were started, and methimazole was increased. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade physiology. Pericardiocentesis obtained 1,050 mL of sanguineous fluid. The patient progressed to thyroid storm, treated with propylthiouracil, potassium iodine, hydrocortisone, and cholestyramine. Cultures and cytology of the pericardial fluid were negative. Thyroid hormone markers progressively normalized, and he improved clinically and was discharged. Discussion. We found 10 previously reported cases of pericardial effusions in the setting of hyperthyroidism. Heparin use may have contributed to the sanguineous nature of our patient's pericardial effusion, but other reported cases occurred without anticoagulation. Sanguineous and nonsanguineous pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade may be due to hyperthyroidism.
Failure of the Exchange

It took only a few days to reveal just how illusory the continuing Austrian hopes for the success of the exchange were. On January 2, 1785 the French Council of State met to consider the question. Contrary to all expectation, Vergennes, after pointing out that the Netherlands, once independent of Austria, would certainly fall under the influence of France, announced his support of the exchange plan.1 His ministerial colleagues, however, opposed it to a man. Calonnes, in particular, pointed out that all of Germany would unfailingly fall under Austrian domination, which France could never permit. 2 It seems highly probable that all of this was merely a charade arranged by Vergennes, who, worried about his position, was unwilling to alienate Marie Antoinette once again. So, having urged the other ministers to vote against him, he could appear before the Queen with clean hands. 3 It was finally decided that Louis would write to Joseph that he could not approve of so fundamental a change in the status of the Empire unless the King of Prussia also were consulted and gave his permission. In the meantime he would of course keep the secret and he would even refrain from putting any pressure on the Duke of Zweibrucken.4 The polite language used by Louis did not in the least conceal the fact that this was a refusal, categorical and final.
Magnetic Scalar Triangulation and Ranging system for autonomous underwater vehicle based detection, localization and classification of magnetic mines

This paper reports progress toward implementation of a novel magnetic gradiometer concept that, with support from the Office of Naval Research, is being developed for detection, localization and classification (DLC) of ferrous mines in very shallow water/surf zone (VSW/SZ) environments. The gradiometer's design allows development of an unique magnetic gradient tensor-contraction-based "Scalar Triangulation and Ranging (STAR)" method for processing magnetic target signatures. Previously reported work has resulted in development of a prototype STAR-based magnetic target-homing system for underwater bottom vehicle (UBV)-type AUVs. Experimental field test results and computer simulations for a linear, two-dimensional "UBV-STAR" gradiometer indicate that guidance algorithms based on the STAR method would provide a very efficient modality for autonomously homing in on underwater and buried mines. Current efforts include development of an advanced three-dimensional STAR gradiometer concept that would allow autonomous, free-swimming sensing platforms to very efficiently home in on the magnetic signatures of underwater and buried mines. The results of the research and development effort demonstrate that the magnetic STAR concept's approach to gradiometer design and its method of processing magnetic signatures can provide free-swimming AUVs and/or Navy Divers with uniquely practical and effective modalities for real-time, fully autonomous DLC of magnetic mines and for homing in on magnetic targets.
Novel Cryptic Collagen IV Mediated Activation of Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 (DDR1) in Bone Marrow Microenvironment May Promote Migration in Myeloid Leukemia.

Abstract Abstract 2429 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a heterogeneous group of malignancies with huge variability in clinical course and response to therapy. Discovery of new prognostic factors in AML is enhancing our understanding of disease biology and helping to identify new therapeutic targets. Previously, we showed for the first time that Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 (DDR1), a class of collagen-activated receptor tyrosine kinase, was highly expressed on bone marrow derived CD33+ leukemic blasts of AML patients, however, its functional role was not known. Here in, we attempt to understand the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in promoting DDR1 activation and its subsequent functional role in migration of leukemic cells. Initial screening of several leukemic cell lines for DDR1 expression identified K562 as an optimal system for further studies due to high DDR1 expression. In addition to native collagen IV, the current studies also tested for the first time the ability of the cryptic collagen IV in activation of DDR1. Proteolytic remodeling of the collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM) have been shown to result in generation of cryptic collagen epitopes, which under normal physiologic conditions, are masked in its 3-dimensional structure. Previously, the functional cryptic site of collagen IV was shown to be highly expressed within the extracellular matrix (ECM) of malignant tumors and within the sub-endothelial basement membrane of tumor-associated blood vessels. Presently, exposure of K562 cells to denatured collagen IV resulted in statistically significant (p Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Molecular and Biological Characteristics of Acquired Vorinostat-Resistant Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Cells.

Abstract 1732 Poster Board I-758 Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA), a pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, has an overall response rate of 24-30% in two phase II studies of patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). Since a considerable proportion of CTCL patients did not reach a partial response and loss of response could occur after only a few months, development of resistance became an important clinical problem. Although we have shown that constitutive activation of STAT signaling may be involved in resistance to vorinostat, the other mechanisms of resistance to vorinostat in CTCL are largely unknown. To further investigate mechanisms of vorinostat resistance, we have generated a vorinostat-resistant CTCL cell line (HH/VOR) from a parent vorinostat-sensitive HH CTCL cell line by long term exposure to stepwise increasing concentrations of vorinostat. The HH parental cells were cultured in increasing concentrations of vorinostat starting at 10 nM. Viable cells were then passaged into a higher concentration of vorinostat in 10 nM increments until a concentration of 1 μM vorinostat was reached. The HH/VOR cells were then maintained in complete RPMI1640 medium containing 1 μM vorinostat. We studied the molecular and biological characteristics of the vorinostat-resistant CTCL cells. Compared with the parental vorinostat-sensitive HH cells, the vorinostat-resistant HH/VOR cells were highly resistant to vorinostat-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis. Of interest, the HH/VOR also exhibited cross resistance to another pan-HDAC inhibitor panobinostat and a class I HDAC inhibitor SNDX-275. The vorinostat-resistant HH/VOR cells had reduced accumulation of acetylated histones (H3 & H4) and decreased expression of class I and class II HDACs (1-11), and no expression of multi-drug resistant (MDR) efflux transporters. Moreover, the vorinostat-resistant HH/VOR cells had elevated DNA binding of NF-κB and increased expression of phospho-NF-κB p65 and phospho-STAT-1 compared with the parent sensitive HH cells. Co-treatment with the RXR-selective retinoid bexarotene selectively enhanced vorinostat-induced apoptosis in the vorinostat-sensitive HH and -resistant HH/VOR CTCL cell lines as well as in patients9 Sezary cells compared to normal CD4+ T-cells. Taken together, our findings provide further evidence for the potential of vorinostat to cause acquisition of HDAC inhibitor resistance in CTCL. This acquired HDAC inhibitor resistance neither correlates with over-expression of HDACs nor with expression of MDR but correlates with abnormal activation of the NF-κB and STAT-1. Bexarotene may override this acquired resistance of CTCL cells to vorinostat and other HDAC inhibitors. Disclosures Zhang:Merck: Research Funding. Duvic:Merck: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
Prevention of and Interventions for Dating and Sexual Violence in Adolescence

Dating violence (also known as adolescent relationship abuse) and sexual violence are prevalent from the middle school years throughout adolescence, peak in young adulthood, and are associated with multiple poor physical and mental health consequences. By offering universal education and brief anticipatory guidance with all adolescent patients about healthy and unhealthy relationships and sexual consent, health care providers can help promote healthy adolescent sexual relationships, ensure youth know about available resources and supports for relationship abuse and sexual violence (including how to help a friend), and facilitate connections to victim service advocates, both for prevention and intervention.
Calibration of a single-photon counting detectors without the need of input photon flux calibration (Conference Presentation)

Calibration of fiber-coupled single-photon detectors usually requires knowledge of the input photon flux inside the fiber and/or knowledge of the linearity of a reference power meter. Many approaches have been presented in the past to accurately measure the photon detection probability of a single photon detector [1-6]. Under certain assumptions, one can utilize waveguide-coupled single photon detectors and a series of photon-counting measurements and a single-photon source to calibrate the detection efficiency of a single photon detector without the need of a reference power meter and the knowledge of the incoming photon flux. Here, this method is presented. Furthermore, if a reference detector is used, the detection efficiency of all evanescently coupled waveguide detectors can be measured, and the measurement outcome does not depend on splicing or fiber connection losses within in the setup, i.e., the measurement is setup-independent. In addition, the method, when using a reference detector, can be utilized to measure and distinguish between the absorption of a waveguide-coupled single photon detector and its internal detection efficiency. [1] A. J. Miller et al, Opt. Express 19, 9102–9110 (2011) [2] I. Muller et al., Metrologia 51, S329 (2014). [3] A. L. Migdall, Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on 50, 478–481 (2001). [4] S. V. Polyakov, A. L. Migdall, Optics Express 15, 1390–1407 (2007). [5] A. Avella et al., Optics Express 19, 23249–23257 (2011). [6] T. Lunghi et al., Opt. Express 22, 18078-18092 (2014)