cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
DynamiCross: dynamic representation and sharing of information with flexible cross-reality interactions

In this paper, the author presents DynamiCross, a system that enables users to dynamically represent and share information in cross-reality. Recently, designers and meeting attendees have enhanced engagement through a multiple display environments (MDE) [2, 5], which include not only personal objects, such as papers and laptops, but also shared objects, such as large displays, to provide collaborators with a virtual workspace. In this paper, the author describes how DynamiCross can support the user's individual or collaborative information handling with its cross-reality interfaces and multiple displays. In addition, when a user's personal material is placed on a large display, the display becomes a multilayer display that uses augmented reality (AR) technology to show digital contents of the personal object. The author introduces three major functions of the system to explain these capabilities which could be beneficial to similar research on cross-reality collaborations and paper interactions.
Preaching the Spirit: The Liberation of Preaching

This article attempts to make a case for preaching as theological method for testing the veracity of systematic projects. Pneumatology is offered as a case study, especially for theologies where it is under-represented. More specifically, pneumatology is offered as a grounding point for Black Theology, which began as a ‘church project’ that needs to return to the church to offer and receive critique.
LIGHT‐MEDIATED CYCLIZATION OF (E)‐3‐(5‐[6‐HYDROXY‐7‐METHOXY] BENZOFURANYL)PROPENOIC ACID, A WATER‐SOLUBLE PRECURSOR OF 8‐METHOXYPSORALEN

The title compound is a stable, water-soluble “pro-drug” for 8-methoxypsoralen, which converts to psoralen upon photolysis with UVA light. The process involves the photolytic formation of a cis isomer that lactonizes in a dark reaction.
Chicken β B1 crystallin: gene sequence and evidence for functional conservation of promoter activity between chicken and mouse☆

The complete sequence was determined for the chicken beta B1-crystallin gene and 2.2 kbp of its 5' flanking region; the chicken gene was then compared to its rat ortholog. Although both have a 5' non-coding exon followed by 5 protein coding exons, the chicken gene is only 2.2 kbp while the rat gene is 13.6 kpb due to longer introns. The coding exons of the chicken beta B1-crystallin gene, like those of the rat and other beta-crystallin genes, each correspond to one of the four 'Greek key' motifs of the encoded protein. The only obvious similarity between the 5' flanking sequences of the chicken and rat beta B1-crystallin gene is associated with the TATA box. A CR1 repetitive element is present at positions -559 to -730 of the chicken beta B1-crystallin gene. In vivo footprinting using dimethyl sulfate/ligation mediated PCR showed that the PL-1 (-116/-102), PL-2 (-90/-76), OL-2 (-75/-68) and OL-1 (-125/-118) control elements identified previously (Roth et al. (1991) Mol. Cell. Biol. 11, 1488-1499) bind proteins within the chromatin of cultured embryonic chicken lens cells. Both -2448/+30 and -434/+30 promoter fragments from the chicken beta B1-crystallin gene directed lens-specific CAT gene expression in a copy number and position independent manner in transgenic mice. These data indicate that the structure and lens-specific expression of this gene are highly conserved although, like other crystallin genes, the 5' flanking sequences have diverged appreciably during evolution.
Managing the Obese Patient After Bariatric Surgery: A Case Report of Severe Malnutrition and Review of the Literature

Surgery is now considered to be the most effective treatment for reducing weight and maintaining weight loss in patients with clinically severe obesity. Although the jejuno-ileal bypass has been abandoned, the vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) operations are now commonly performed. A third operation, the bilio-pancreatic diversion (BPD), is performed less frequently. The RYGB and BPD procedures cause predictable selective micronutrient deficiencies that can be avoided by early supplementation. Surgical complications from all of these procedures may result in more severe forms of malnutrition. This article is intended to familiarize the nutrition support specialist with the anatomic and physiologic changes produced by these procedures, the resulting nutritional deficiencies and recommended supplementation, and the manifestations of severe malnutrition caused by complications. A case of severe malnutrition after RYGB surgery is reported for illustration.
Intracellular binding and transport of hormones and xenobiotics by glutathione-S-transferases.

(1988). Intracellular Binding and Transport of Hormones and Xenobiotics by Glutathiones-Transferases. Drug Metabolism Reviews: Vol. 19, No. 3-4, pp. 305-318.
Mathematical justification for RBF-MFS

In this note, we revisit the RBF-MFS which couples Kansa's technique with the method of fundamental solution (MFS). The idea of RBF-MFS was originally proposed by Golberg in 1995 and used by many engineers later, but the solvability of this method is never justified mathematically. Here we prove that RBF-MFS is theoretically solvable for Hardy's multiquadrics and the cubic radial basis function for the Poisson operator. Numerical results show that the RBF-MFS is comparable to Kansa's method.
Formation of Biotechnology Firms in the Greater Seattle Region: An Empirical Investigation of Entrepreneurial, Financial, and Educational Perspectives

The biotechnology sector is a revolutionary industrial sector and promises significant innovations in medicine, veterinary care, plant agriculture, food processing, and environmental industries. Within the United States, biotechnology firms have generally agglomerated in existing regional high-technology complexes. In this paper empirical evidence is presented on the formation, evolution, financial sources, and educational relationships of thirty-three commercial biotechnology firms in the Greater Seattle metropolitan region, a leading US biotechnology concentration. Data were collected through extensive personal interviews, and these biotechnology organizations are compared across the following organizational incubators of the founder(s): academic or other research institution, academic or other research institution and business, biotechnology firm spin-off, and nonbiotechnology firm spin-off. Findings show the significance of local universities, research institutions, and existing biotechnology organiza...
Analysis of carbonaceous aerosols: interlaboratory comparison

Carbonaceous aerosols are present in many workplace and environmental settings. Some of these aerosols are known or suspect human carcinogens and have been linked to other adverse health effects. Exposure to diesel exhaust is of particular concern because it has been classified as a probable human carcinogen and use of diesel-powered equipment is widespread in industry. Because previously used methods for monitoring exposures to particulate diesel exhaust lack adequate sensitivity and selectivity, a new method was needed. A carbon analysis technique called the ‘thermal–optical method’ was evaluated for this purpose. In thermal–optical analysis, carbon in a filter sample is speciated as organic and elemental (OC and EC, respectively). When the thermal–optical method was initially evaluated, only one instrument was available, so interlaboratory variability could not be examined. More recently, additional instruments were constructed and an interlaboratory comparison was completed. Eleven laboratories participated in the study, including four in Europe that employ an alternative thermal technique based on coulometric detection of CO2. Good agreement (RSDs ≤ 15%) between the total carbon results reported by all laboratories was obtained. Reasonable within-method agreement was seen for EC results, but the EC content found by the two methods differed significantly. Disagreement between the OC–EC results found by the two methods was expected because organic and elemental carbon are operationally defined. With all filter samples, results obtained with the coulometric method were positively biased relative to thermal–optical results. In addition, the alternative method gave a positive bias in the analysis of two OC standard solutions. About 52% and 70% of the carbon found in two aqueous solutions containing OC only (sucrose and EDTA, respectively) was quantified as elemental, while EC contents of about 1% and 0.1% (respectively) were found by the thermal–optical method. The positive bias in the analysis of the OC standards is attributed largely to inadequate removal of OC during the first part of the analysis; lack of correction for pyrolytically formed carbon (char) also is a factor. Results obtained with a different thermal program having a higher maximum temperature were in better agreement with the thermal–optical method.
Checkpoint processing and recovery: an efficient, scalable alternative to reorder buffers

Processors require a combination of large instruction windows and high clock frequency to achieve high performance. Traditional processors use reorder buffers, but these structures do not scale efficiently as window size increases. A new technique, checkpoint processing and recovery, offers an efficient means of increasing the instruction window size without requiring large, cycle-critical structures, and provides a promising microarchitecture for future high-performance processors.
A Corporate Right to Privacy

The debate over the scope of constitutional protections for corporations has exploded with commentary on recent or pending Supreme Court cases, but scholars have left unexplored some of the hardest questions for the future, and the ones that offer the greatest potential for better understanding the nature of corporate rights. This Article analyzes one of those questions — whether corporations have, or should have, a constitutional right to privacy. First, the Article examines the contours of the question in Supreme Court jurisprudence and provides the first scholarly treatment of the growing body of conflicting law in the lower courts on this unresolved issue. Second, the Article examines approaches to determining the scope of corporate constitutional rights and argues that corporate privacy rights should be evaluated not by reference to the corporate form itself or a notion of corporate personhood, but rather by reference to the privacy interests of the various people involved in the corporation and their relationship to the corporation. Further, because corporations exist along an associational spectrum — from large, publicly traded corporations constituted purely for business purposes to smaller organizations with social, political, or religious purposes — the existence of a corporate privacy right will and should vary.
Family-of-Origin Expressiveness: Measurement, Meaning, and Relationship to Alexithymia

The need for research instruments to assess the impact of affective expressiveness within the family is evident, yet few appear to be adequately designed for this purpose. In this article, we present two studies addressing this need. In the first study, the original 40-item Family-of-Origin Scale was administered to 416 students to determine those items that constitute the factor structure. This instrument was designed to assess perceived levels of health in the family of origin but has unsubstantiated construct validity. Results from a confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the instrument has one major factor, and results from five other studies provide evidence supporting the construct validity. Face validity of this 22-item construct indicates that it assesses an individual's perceived level of global expressive atmosphere within his or her family of origin. In the second study, the new Family-of-Origin Expressive Atmosphere Scale and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale were administered to 295 students. Students' self-reported expressive atmospheres in their family-of-origin scores were significantly correlated with the total scores of alexithymia and each of the three factors: impaired ability to identify feelings, impaired ability to describe feelings, and externally oriented thinking processes. No significant gender differences were found.
Comparisons of physical and chemical sputtering in high density divertor plasmas with the Monte Carlo Impurity (MCI) transport model

AbstractThe MCI transport model was used to compare chemical and physical sputtering fora DIII–D divertor plasma near detachment. With physical sputtering alone the integratedcarbon influx was 8.4 × 10 19 neutrals/s while physical plus chemical sputtering producedan integrated carbon influx of 1.7 × 10 21 neutrals/s. The average carbon concentration inthe computational volume increased from 0.012% with only physical sputtering to 0.182%with both chemical and physical sputtering. This increase in the carbon inventory producedmore radiated power which is in better agreement with experimental measurements.1. IntroductionComprehensive numerical models of the divertor and scrape-off layer plasma are essentialfor developing a better understanding of the complex processes found in the edge ofdiverted tokamaks. Two basic types of codes are used. One is based on a fluid descriptionof the plasma. An example of this approach is the UEDGEE[1] code. Most contemporaryfluid codes run in either a single or multi-species mode to model a finite set of impurityspecies along with the usual deuterium background plasma. Fluid codes typically employ a2D simulation grid and are restricted to solutions in which the ion mean free path is smallcompared to the plasma gradient scale lengths or the geometric scale of the simulationdomain. These restrictions become prohibitive near material surfaces and in situationswhere the plasma parameters change rapidly over short spatial scales such as regions ofdetachment, near MARFEs, or in high recombination zones. On the other hand, impurityneutrals sputtered from material surfaces or injected as gas into the plasma edge movefreely in a 3-dimensional space until dissociated and ionized. In addition, impurity ions arenot born with thermally equilibrated Maxwellian distributions. These cold impurity ionsrequire a finite time to thermalize with the background plasma i.e., a heating up time. Thus,a 3D kinetic treatment is more appropriate for impurity neutrals and ions. Monte Carlocodes such as DIVIMPE[2] in Europe, IMPMCE[3] in Japan and the DIII–D Monte CarloImpurity (MCI) transport modelE[4] in the U.S. have been developed specifically for
A new clinical scintillation camera with pulse tail extrapolation electronics

The performance of a novel scintillation camera, designed for high-event-rate capability was evaluated. The system consisted of a 400-mm field-of-view NaI(Tl) camera with 61 photomultiplier tubes and modified General Electric Starcam electronics. A significant feature of the system was circuitry for performing pulse tail extrapolation and separation of individual pulses involved in pulse pile-up events. System deadtime, flood field uniformity, energy resolution, linearity, spatial resolution bar phantom image quality, and misplaced events were evaluated for count rates up to 200 kcps in a 20% photopeak window. Results indicate that this camera design does not compromise image quality at normal clinical count rates and that at higher event rates, it can provide better image quality and increased sensitivity over many Anger cameras employed in nuclear medicine. >
Evaluation of a nationally funded state-based programme to reduce fatal occupational injuries

Background The Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) programme was established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to help prevent occupational traumatic fatalities by funding states to conduct targeted fatality investigations within cause-specific focus areas and associated prevention efforts. Purpose To investigate the impact of the state-based FACE programme on two previous focus areas. Methods A longitudinal time-series analysis spanning 22 years compared state fatality rates for occupational falls and electrocutions before and after FACE programme funding with states not receiving FACE programme funding. Lag periods were utilised to allow time for the programme to have an effect, and rates were adjusted for a variety of covariates. Separate analyses were conducted for each injury outcome. Results A reduction in fall fatality rates that was of borderline significance (1-year lag adjRR=0.92 (0.84 to 1.00)) and a non-significant reduction in electrocution fatality rates (3-year lag adjRR=0.92 (0.82 to 1.03)) were observed in states with FACE programme funding, Best-fit models presented two separate lag periods. Conclusions While it is challenging to quantitatively evaluate effectiveness of programmes such as FACE, the data suggest the FACE programme may be effective in preventing occupational injury deaths within its outcome focus areas throughout the state. It is important to look for ways to measure intermediate effects more precisely, as well as ways to maintain effects over time.
New Functions for DNA Binding Domains

How the same transcription factor can be both an activator and a repressor of transcription is a biological mystery. Rao describes work that shows that the structure of the transcription factor may actually change depending on the DNA sequence bound by the factor. This change in structure may influence the binding of activators or repressors of transcription, thus allowing a single transcription factor to have two different activities.
On the covering radius of R(1, m) in R(3, m)

We prove that the covering radius of R(1, 11) in R(3, 11) is 992, and that the covering radius of R(1, 13) in R(3, 13) is 4032, both not exceeding the quadratic bound.
Comments on ‘The phenomenon of homeopathic instability in dynamical systems’

Less restrictive sufficiency conditions on system parameters are developed for the existence of homeopathic instability in the class of dynamical systems considered by Johnson. With these conditions, the results are consistent with the earlier work of Youla el at., in particular in terms of the pole-zero interpretation of the sufficiency conditions. A typographical error in the work by Johnson is also noted.
Clinical research in developing countries: recent moral arguments

During the 1990s, bioethicists raised questions about certain clinical trials conducted in developing countries. These inquiries led to revisions in the Declaration of Helsinki and recommendations from the US National Bioethics Advisory Commission. This article raises doubts about the original questions and subsequent recommendations. It is possible that impractical solutions have been proposed for nonexistent ethical problems.
Casimir Operators and Their Eigenvalues

An operator which commutes with all the elements of a Lie algebra, g, is called an invariant, or Casimir operator, C $$\displaystyle{ [C,X_{\rho }] = 0\qquad \text{for any }X_{\rho } \in g\ \ . }$$ (7.1) The operator is called of order p, if it is built from products of p elements $$\displaystyle{ C_{p} =\mathop{ \sum }\limits _{\alpha _{1},\alpha _{2},\ldots,\alpha _{p}}\quad f^{\alpha _{1}\alpha _{2}\ldots \alpha _{p}}X_{\alpha _{ 1}}X_{\alpha _{2}}\ldots X_{\alpha _{p}}. }$$ (7.2) It lies in the enveloping algebra of g, T(g).
Roots, Rhythm and Religion: The Politics of Context, Identity and Culture Among Afro-Caribbeans in New York and Los Angeles

This project lies at the intersection of political socialization and incorporation. Through a comparative study of Jamaican and Trinidadian immigrants in New York and Los Angeles, this paper proposes a study that uses social context to develop the way political science discusses identity, culture and political engagement. It examines the role that 3 specific elements of social context (religious institutions, media and the neighborhood) play in the development of political frames, racial/ethnic identity and political engagement. In an effort to ground the theoretical approach of this paper with respect to racial/ethnic identity in current events it also proposes an examination of the campaign of Barack Obama and the role that identity played in Afro-Caribbean political engagement. Moreover, in addition to examining the impact of social context on traditional engagement, this study also investigates how cultural practices operate as forms of political engagement as well.
Stopover biology of Ruby-throated Hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris) during autumn migration

ABSTRACT Surprisingly little is known about the migration and stopover biology of Ruby-throated Hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris), and even less is known about their sex- or age-dependent migration. First, we provide basic information on the migration and stopover biology of this species along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico during autumn, including phenology, stopover duration, fuel deposition rate (FDR), arrival mass, and estimated flight ranges. Second, we investigate whether these stopover variables are influenced by age or sex. Age-dependent migration is expected because young, hatch-year birds on their first migration lack the experience of older individuals. Sex-dependent migration is expected because of sexually dimorphic characteristics in wing morphology and body size. We obtained information on arrival mass, phenology, FDR, stopover duration, and estimated flight ranges through banding data, passive integrated transponder tags, radio telemetry, and color marking at a long-term migrat...
THERMAL QUENCHING OF CHROMIUM PHOTOLUMINESCENCE IN ORDERED PEROVSKITES AT HIGH PRESSURE

Low-crystal-field octahedral complexes of Cr3+ in solids, which exhibit broad-band (4T2g → 4A2g) fluorescence useful in tunable laser applications, are subject to host-dependent thermal quenching of fluorescence.
Fingerprinting of Si Surface Bonds Using Nonresonant Optical Second-Harmonic Generation

Optical fingerprinting of surface bonds by nonresonant, but rotationally anisotropic, second-harmonic generation (RA-SHG) is achieved by identifying suitable experimental geometries using a bond charge model and accurate knowledge of bond axis orientation.
Operator Modeling: Conceptual and Methodological Distinctions

In trying to understand how a human operator interacts with a complex system, it is important both from a theoretical and an applied viewpoint that we build a model of the human's behavior in such an environment. This paper briefly reviews different models of the human operator and characterizes them in terms of four conceptual dimensions: purpose, structure, content, and specificity. Methodological issues in operator modeling are also considered.
Presupposing equality: The trouble with Rancière’s axiomatic approach

Ranciere’s political thought is the object of growing fascination, particularly as a lens through which to interpret contemporary political protests, yet his conception of axiomatic equality remain...
The Privilege of Privacy: Twenty-Five Years in the Public-Accountability Record of Foundations

The public accountability record of foundations is inadequate, despite efforts by Congress, philanthropic associations, and members of the foundation community to improve it. This article traces the public accountability record of foundations to 1936 but focuses on the twenty-five years since the Tax Reform Act of 1969, which has two provisions on the public accountability of foundations. The findings of studies are presented as well as the testimony of people inside and outside foundations. The article concludes with eight recommendations to improve the public accountability of foundations.
Toe walking as a presenting sign of systemic lupus erythematosus

Toe walking is a previously unreported presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We describe a patient who presented with profound multisystem involvement that was preceded by one month of toe walking and multiple flexion contractures without arthritis. Her lupus is now under control after aggressive therapy, yet she continues to struggle with tendinopathy despite continued physical and occupational therapy. Lupus should be considered in the appropriate clinical context in children who have new-onset contractures due to tight tendons.
Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE There is a paucity of data on the impact of bariatric surgery in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this review was to quantify the overall effects of bariatric surgery in obese patients with T1D. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar from their inception to December 2015 to identify all relevant studies of bariatric surgery in adult obese patients with T1D. RESULTS The review included 17 studies with 107 individuals, including 10 case series and 7 case reports. Overall, the dominant procedure was gastric bypass ( n = 70; 65%). All studies reported a significant reduction in excess weight. A significant reduction in weight-adjusted daily insulin requirements was shown in all case series except one. Pooled mean ± SD of pre- and postoperative glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for the entire cohort with available data ( n = 96) was 8.4 ± 1.3% and 7.9 ± 1.1%, respectively ( P = 0.01). In addition to common postoperative complications, profound glycemic changes (diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia) and gastrointestinal dysmotility symptoms (prolonged ileus and acute gastric remnant dilation) have been reported. No surgical mortality was reported. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery leads to significant weight loss in severely obese patients with T1D and results in a significant improvement in insulin requirements and glycemic status. The favorable metabolic effects of bariatric surgery may facilitate medical management of and cardiovascular risk reduction in T1D in the setting of severe obesity. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia are potentially serious complications. Short-term results of bariatric surgery in patients with T1D are encouraging, but larger and longer-term studies are needed.
Attention, Resource Allocation, and Communication Research: What Do Secondary Task Reaction Times Measure, Anyway?

This chapter refines the conceptual and operational definitions underlying secondary task reaction times (STRTs) in an attempt to clarify exactly what STRTs measure. The intent is to make the measure more useful to researchers studying changes in attention and effort during communication activities. Perusal of the communication literature yields four frequently stated operational definitions of what STRTs measure: (a) the resources required by a message, (b) the resources allocated to the message, (c) the resources available for processing, and (d) the resources remaining in the system. It is demonstrated that these pieces of the resource pie do not always covary. It is suggested that the published research best supports the interpretation of STRTs as available resources. However, interpreting STRTs as available resources cannot explain instances found in the literature where STRTs are fast and memory for messages is slow. A further modification of the model is proposed that involves integrating the limit...
Translational research involving adolescent substance abuse

Publisher Summary This chapter provides a critical review of the status of translational research involving adolescents with substance use disorder (SUD) and identifies barriers to effective translation of research findings. Translational research involving substance and alcohol abuse among adolescents lags behind translational initiatives involving adults. There is a general reluctance to conduct research involving adolescents, particularly medication studies. There is a lack of adequate information systems that store clinical data dealing with adolescents, as well as other age groups. Two broad examples of translational research involving adolescent sub-stance use disorders are provided. The CEDAR study is a prospective longitudinal study of 800 families that is designed to elucidate the etiology of substance use disorders, in order to facilitate prevention of those disorders. PAARC was the only center grant concerned with determining whether adult taxonomy for alcohol abuse/dependence is appropriate for adolescents. The center also focused on a variety of other factors associated with adolescent Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs), such as validation of the instruments to assess adolescent AUDs and related disorders, treatment outcome and treatment utilization, etiology of AUDs. The PAARC investigators have also performed multiple studies of treatment utilization among adolescents with substance use disorders.
Theory and Fundamental Principles

Dielectrics and dielectric properties of materials are defined, and the fundamental relationships of dielectric properties with electromagnetic energy are discussed. The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss factor are components of the complex relative permittivity, which is also explained. The dielectric constant is associated with the ability of a material to store energy in the electric field in the material, and the loss factor is associated with the ability of the material to absorb or dissipate energy, that is, to convert electric energy into heat energy. The variation in the dielectric properties of materials—with respect to the frequency of the fields to which they are subjected, the temperature of the materials, and the density of the materials—is discussed. Because water is an important component of agricultural materials, the dielectric behavior of water is included in the discussion.
Interprofessional collaborative care characteristics and the occurrence of bedside interprofessional rounds: a cross-sectional analysis

Interprofessional collaboration improves the quality of medical care, but integration into inpatient workflow has been limited. Identification of systems-based factors promoting or diminishing bedside interprofessional rounds (BIR), one method of interprofessional collaboration, is critical for potential improvements in collaboration in hospital settings. The objective of this study was to determine whether the percentage of bedside interprofessional rounds in 18 hospital-based clinical units is attributable to spatial, staffing, patient, or nursing perception characteristics. A prospective, cross-sectional assessment of data obtained from nursing audits in one large academic medical center on a sampling of hospitalized pediatric and adult patients in 18 units from November 2012 to October 2013 was performed. The primary outcome was the percentage of bedside interprofessional rounds, defined as encounters including one attending-level physician and a nurse discussing the case at the patient’s bedside. Logistic regression models were constructed with four covariate domains: (1) spatial characteristics (unit type, bed number, square feet per bed), (2) staffing characteristics (nurse-to-patient ratios, admitting services to unit), (3) patient-level characteristics (length of stay, severity of illness), and (4) nursing perceptions of collegiality, staffing, and use of rounding scripts. Of 29,173 patients assessed during 1241 audited unit-days, 21,493 patients received BIR (74 %, range 35-97 %). Factors independently associated with increased occurrence of bedside interprofessional rounds were: intensive care unit (odds ratio 9.63, [CI 5.30-17.42]), intermediate care unit (odds ratio 2.84, [CI 1.37-5.87]), hospital length of stay 5-7 days (odds ratio 1.89, [CI, 1.05-3.38]) and >7 days (odds ratio 2.27, [CI, 1.28-4.02]), use of rounding script (odds ratio 2.20, [CI 1.15-4.23]), and perceived provider/leadership support (odds ratio 3.25, [CI 1.83-5.77]). Variation of bedside interprofessional rounds was more attributable to unit type and perceived support rather than spatial or relationship characteristics amongst providers. Strategies for transforming the value of hospital care may require a reconfiguration of care delivery toward more integrated practice units.
Getting Found: Indexing and the Independent Open Access Journal.

Running an independent journal takes much effort, even if only focusing on managing the process of moving articles through the process of submission, review, and publication. Yet publishing an article is not the only goal. Even a great article has little impact unless it can easily be discovered for people to read and cite. Without visibility, even a journal with a terrific editorial board will not get the high quality submissions its editors seek.
Business process management with FlowMark

From an enterprise point of view the management of business processes is becoming increasingly important: business processes control which piece of work will be performed by whom and which resources are exploited for this work, i.e. a business process describes how an enterprise will achieve its business goals. We sketch FlowMark, an IBM program product, supporting both the modeling of business processes and their execution. >
Are Two Heads Better Than One or Do Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth? The Trade‐Off between Physician Division of Labor and Patient Continuity of Care for Older Adults with Complex Chronic Conditions

Objective To examine the effects of physician division of labor and patient continuity of care (COC) on the care quality and outcomes of older adults with complex chronic conditions. Data Sources/Study Setting Seven years (2006–2012) of panel data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS). Study Design Regression models were used to estimate the effect of the specialty-type of physicians involved in annual patient evaluation and management, as well as patient COC, on simultaneous care processes and following year outcomes. Data Collection/Extraction Methods Multiyear cohorts of Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes and/or heart failure were retrospectively identified to create a panel of 15,389 person-year observations. Principal Findings Involvement of both primary care physicians and disease-relevant specialists is associated with better compliance with process-of-care guidelines, but patients seeing disease-relevant specialists also receive more repeat cardiac imaging (p < .05). Patient COC is associated with less repeat cardiac imaging and compliance with some recommended care processes (p < .05), but the effects are small. Receiving care from a disease-relevant specialist is associated with lower rates of following year functional impairment, institutionalization in long-term care, and ambulatory care sensitive hospitalization (p < .05). Conclusions Annual involvement of disease-relevant specialists in the care of beneficiaries with complex chronic conditions leads to more resource use but has a beneficial effect on outcomes.
Dagger: Modeling and visualization for mission impact situation awareness

Dagger is a modeling and visualization framework that addresses the challenge of representing knowledge and information for decision-makers, enabling them to better comprehend the operational context of network security data. It allows users to answer critical questions such as “Given that I care about mission X, is there any reason I should be worried about what is going on in cyberspace?” or “If this system fails, will I still be able to accomplish my mission?”
Female wild turkey habitat selection in mixed forest‐agricultural landscapes

Gradual changes in agricultural and landscape management practices have led to growing uncertainty regarding eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) habitat management in contemporary landscapes in the midwestern United States. Nesting and brood-rearing success during spring often influence turkey population trajectories, and a better understanding of habitat selection during this period would identify potential habitat characteristics that have the greatest influence on turkey population management objectives. We evaluated spring (8 Apr–24 Jul) habitat selection of 89 radio-marked female wild turkeys across 4 study areas (2 forest-dominated, and 2 agricultural) in southwest and west-central Wisconsin, USA, 2010–2011. We investigated habitat selection at 3 hierarchical spatial scales: study areas, within spring areas of use (SAUs), and within 200 m of nest sites. We obtained 3,605 radio-telemetry relocations (x¯ = 30.8 ± 0.51 [SE] locations/turkey) and monitored 79 nesting attempts. In both landscapes, female turkeys selected edges, and in forested landscapes females selected for deciduous forests with numerous and dispersed forest openings. Female turkeys generally established SAUs where an even mixture of forest and open-herbaceous cover was available. Telemetry locations within SAUs indicated female turkeys selected land cover types in proportion to availability (Ŝi = 1), but selection of specific cover types was variable within and among study areas. At the nest site scale, amount of forest-field edge was greater within 200 m of nest sites (x¯ = 62.2 m/ha) compared to random locations (x¯ = 48.3 m/ha). Coarse measures of forest and open-agricultural cover were useful in identifying habitat selection trends by female turkeys across hierarchical scales. Our results suggest that proportion and configuration of forest and open-agricultural cover are essential components of female turkey habitat, and forest-field edge further plays an important role in nest site selection. We suggest conservation efforts focus on ensuring available usable space through maintaining upland deciduous woodlands or providing herbaceous fields in varying degrees of succession when managing for wild turkey populations in mixed forest-agricultural landscapes. Adaptability of wild turkeys indicates the importance of multi-scale habitat evaluation prior to implementing habitat management strategies. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Convergent solutions of the inviscid solar wind equations

Formal solutions of the inviscid solar wind equations as power series in the inverse one seventh power and in the inverse one fifth power of the distance from the sun are shown to be convergent.
Control-Flow Hijacking: Are We Making Progress?

Memory corruption errors in C/C++ programs remain the most common source of security vulnerabilities in today's systems. Over the last 10+ years the security community developed several defenses [4]. Data Execution Prevention (DEP) protects against code injection -- eradicating this attack vector. Yet, control-flow hijacking and code reuse remain challenging despite wide deployment of Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) and stack canaries. These defenses are probabilistic and rely on information hiding. The deployed defenses complicate attacks, yet control-flow hijack attacks (redirecting execution to a location that would not be reached in a benign execution) are still prevalent. Attacks reuse existing gadgets (short sequences of code), often leveraging information disclosures to learn the location of the desired gadgets. Strong defense mechanisms have not yet been widely deployed due to (i) the time it takes to roll out a security mechanism, (ii) incompatibility with specific features, and (iii) performance overhead. In the meantime, only a set of low-overhead but incomplete mitigations has been deployed in practice. Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) [1,2] and Code-Pointer Integrity (CPI) [3] are two promising upcoming defense mechanisms, protecting against control-flow hijacking. CFI guarantees that the runtime control flow follows the statically determined control-flow graph. An attacker may reuse any of the valid transitions at any control-flow transfer. We compare a broad range of CFI mechanisms using a unified nomenclature based on (i) a qualitative discussion of the conceptual security guarantees, (ii) a quantitative security evaluation, and (iii)~an empirical evaluation of their performance in the same test environment. For each mechanism, we evaluate (i) protected types of control-flow transfers, (ii) the precision of the protection for forward and backward edges. For open-source compiler-based implementations, we additionally evaluate (iii) the generated equivalence classes and target sets, and (iv) the runtime performance. CPI on the other hand is a dynamic property that enforces selective memory safety through bounds checks for code pointers by separating code pointers from regular data.
Special K: once the fun is over an EMT arrives for the bladder.

Wang et al. report that in rats exposed to daily ketamine for sixteen weeks, the urothelium begins to undergo phenoconversion to a more mesenchymal state. This epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), has several classic molecular hallmarks and Wang et al. demonstrate convincingly that a number of these including downregulation of E-cadherin, upregulation of mesenchymal markers vimentin and fibroblast specific protein (FSP-1), colocalization of both epithelial and mesenchymal markers in a subset of urothelium-associated cells and upregulation of TGFβ expression in urothelium are all present.
The Utility of Objective Strength and Functional Performance to Predict Subjective Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background:Many clinicians release patients to return to activity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) based on time from surgery despite deficits in muscle strength and function....
Lehre und Forschung von Wissenschaftler(inne)n

Aufbauend auf den Ausfuhrungen zur Zielorientierungstheorie, die als zentrales Konstrukt im Kern dieser Arbeit steht, ist nun ein Blick auf den Anwendungskontext notwendig: Dem Erleben und Verhalten von Wissenschaftler(inne)n an Universitaten, in Lehre und Forschung. Doch wieso gerade Lehre und Forschung, was ist mit den anderen Tatigkeiten von Wissenschaftler(inne)n? Und weshalb konnen selbstbezogene Ziele bzw. die individuelle Motivation darin als so wichtig erachtet werden?
Otoacoustic emissions: Laboratory studies and clinical applications

Historically, the clinical potential of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) to diagnosis hearing status was recognized prior to any consensus regarding their cochlear origin. In retrospect, we now understand refection-generated emissions as being closely aligned with Kemp’s (1980) concept of “cochlear echoes,” while distortion-generated emissions are necessarily tied to nonlinearities in cochlear mechanics. Research at the Boys Town National Research Hospital provided evidence supporting the cochlear origin of OAEs by demonstrating an approximate two-times relationship between an estimate of forward-latency derived from auditory brainstem responses and the round-trip latency of OAEs for tone-burst stimuli. Our application of clinical decision theory to distortion-product OAE levels, based on a large number of both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired ears, helped to establish (1) the validity of using DPOAEs to identify the presence of hearing loss and (2) guidelines for the interpretation of DPOAE levels in the clinic. Our exploration of reflection-generated emissions that we call cochlear reflectance is a continuation of our efforts to further extend the clinical potential of OAEs.Historically, the clinical potential of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) to diagnosis hearing status was recognized prior to any consensus regarding their cochlear origin. In retrospect, we now understand refection-generated emissions as being closely aligned with Kemp’s (1980) concept of “cochlear echoes,” while distortion-generated emissions are necessarily tied to nonlinearities in cochlear mechanics. Research at the Boys Town National Research Hospital provided evidence supporting the cochlear origin of OAEs by demonstrating an approximate two-times relationship between an estimate of forward-latency derived from auditory brainstem responses and the round-trip latency of OAEs for tone-burst stimuli. Our application of clinical decision theory to distortion-product OAE levels, based on a large number of both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired ears, helped to establish (1) the validity of using DPOAEs to identify the presence of hearing loss and (2) guidelines for the interpretation of DPOAE levels in the ...
SPONTANEOUS MONOCYTE MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY IN MAN: EVIDENCE FOR T HELPER ACTIVITY

Publisher Summary This chapter explores the spontaneous monocyte mediated cytotoxicity in man and evidences for T helper activity. A variety of in vitro models to study nonspecific immunity have been characterized, including natural killer (NK) cells, NC or natural cytotoxicity, spontaneous monocyte mediated cytotoxicity, and synergistic cytotoxicity. A human model of monocyte mediated cytotoxicity, which has many unique and useful characteristics, is extensively characterized. Development of cytotoxocity does not require the addition of antigen, antibody, or lectin to the culture system. Through a variety of cellular-depletion studies, the killer cell has been shown to be a monocyte. As no exogenous stimuli are used to activate the killer cell, the system serves as a good model to examine not only the interaction that takes place between the effector cell and the target cell but also the mechanism by which human monocytes develop into cytotoxic effector cells. It is shown that cytotoxic monocytes are under the influence of suppressor cells. Cytotoxic monocytes require helper influences and being under the control of suppressor cells.
Embryonic Stem Cell Engineering with a Glycomimetic FGF2/BMP4 Co-Receptor Drives Mesodermal Differentiation in a Three-Dimensional Culture

Cell surface glycans, such as heparan sulfate (HS), are increasingly identified as co-regulators of growth factor signaling in early embryonic development; therefore, chemical tailoring of HS activity within the cellular glycocalyx of stem cells offers an opportunity to control their differentiation. The growth factors FGF2 and BMP4 are involved in mediating the exit of murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs) from their pluripotent state and their differentiation toward mesodermal cell types, respectively. Here, we report a method for remodeling the glycocalyx of mutant Ext1-/- mESCs with defective biosynthesis of HS to drive their mesodermal differentiation in an embryoid body culture. Lipid-functionalized synthetic HS-mimetic glycopolymers with affinity for both FGF2 and BMP4 were introduced into the plasma membrane of Ext1-/- mESCs, where they acted as functional co-receptors of these growth factors and facilitated signal transduction through associated MAPK and Smad signaling pathways. We demonstrate that these materials can be employed to remodel Ext1-/- mESCs within three-dimensional embryoid body structures, providing enhanced association of BMP4 at the cell surface and driving mesodermal differentiation. As a more complete understanding of the function of HS in regulating development continues to emerge, this simple glycocalyx engineering method is poised to enable precise control over growth factor signaling activity and outcomes of differentiation in stem cells.