cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fertility Preservation: A Key Survivorship Issue for Young Women with Cancer

Fertility preservation in the young cancer survivor is recognized as a key survivorship issue by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the American Society of Reproductive Medicine. Thus, health care providers should inform women about the effects of cancer therapy on fertility and should discuss the different fertility preservation options available. It is also recommended to refer women expeditiously to a fertility specialist in order to improve counseling. Women’s age, diagnosis, presence of male partner, time available and preferences regarding use of donor sperm influence the selection of the appropriate fertility preservation option. Embryo and oocyte cryopreservation are the standard techniques used while ovarian tissue cryopreservation is new, yet promising. Despite the importance of fertility preservation for cancer survivors’ quality of life, there are still communication and financial barriers faced by women who wish to pursue fertility preservation.
Design and Research of Microgrid Monitoring and Energy Management Device

In order to meet the needs of real-time monitoring and energy management in a microgrid,a microgrid monitoring and energy management integrated system composed of three logical levels(the device layer,the management layer and the optimization layer)is presented according to the hierarchical architecture of smart substations.Based on the integrated system, a microgrid monitoring and energy management device(MMEMD)in the management layer is designed.The key functions of MMEMD include:real-time monitoring of distributed generators,energy-storage systems,loads,switches and other devices within the microgrid through heterogeneous communication technology;ultra-short-term forecasting of wind and solar output power through the micrometeorological monitoring function;converting of microgrid operation information into an IEC 61850 information model for exchange of data with the optimization layer through the generic object-oriented substation event(GOOSE)communication service;cooperating with the optimization layer to realize coordinated control and energy optimization based on multi-time scale.On the basis of the proposed hardware and software design of MMEMD,an experimental platform is developed to verify the main functions of MMEMD.
Speeding-up any-angle path-planning on grids

Simple Subgoal Graphs are constructed from grids by placing subgoals at the corners of obstacles and connecting them. They are analogous to visibility graphs for continuous terrain but have fewer edges and can be used to quickly find shortest paths on grids. The vertices of a Simple Subgoal Graph can be partitioned into different levels to create N-Level Subgoal Graphs, which can be used to find shortest paths on grids even more quickly by ignoring subgoals that are not relevant for the search, which significantly reduces the size of the graph being searched. Search using Two-Level Subgoal Graphs was a non-dominated entry in the Grid-Based Path Planning Competitions 2012 and 2013. In this paper, we take advantage of the similarities between Subgoal Graphs and visibility graphs to show that Subgoal Graphs can be used, with small modifications, to quickly find "any-angle" paths, thus extending their applicability. Any-angle paths are usually shorter and more realistic looking than grid paths since the movement along any-angle paths is not constrained to grid edges. Our algorithm has the advantage that it is a simple extension of searching Subgoal Graphs and is up to two orders of magnitude faster than Theta* and up to an order of magnitude faster than Block A* (using 5 × 5 blocks), two of the most well-known any-angle path-planning algorithms, while still finding any-angle paths of comparable lengths.
Inflammation and the Silent Sequelae of Stroke

Depression and fatigue are common after stroke and negatively impact the quality of life of stroke survivors. The biological bases of these symptoms are unknown, but an abundance of data point to a role for inflammation. This review highlights evidence supporting the contribution of inflammation to poststroke depression and poststroke fatigue. Potential treatments for poststroke depression and poststroke fatigue are explored, with a special emphasis on those that modulate the immune response.
Proposing an Operational Definition of Science Teacher Beliefs

Much research has shown that a science teacher’s beliefs are related to their teaching practice. This line of research has often defined “belief” epistemologically. That is, beliefs are often defined relative to other mental constructs, such as knowledge, dispositions, or attitudes. Left unspecified is the role beliefs play in cognition and how they come to influence science teachers’ classroom practice. As such, researchers and science teacher educators have relied on an (at times, implicit) assumption that there is a direct causal relationship between teachers’ beliefs and classroom practice. In this paper, we propose an operational, as opposed to epistemological, definition of belief. That is, we are explicit about the role a belief plays in science teachers’ cognition and how that leads to classroom practice. We define a belief as a mental representation that influences the practice of a teacher if and only if the belief is active in cognition. We then turn our attention to two limitations in the literature on that have arisen via previous definitions and assumptions regarding science teacher beliefs, showing how defining beliefs operationally helps think about these issues in new ways. The two limitations surround: (1) the difficulty in precisely delineating belief from knowledge; and (2) the interconnectedness of beliefs such that they draw meaning from one another. We then show how our definition of beliefs is congruent with other models of teacher cognition reported in the literature. Finally, we provide implications arising from this definition of belief for both science teacher educators and those who conduct research on the beliefs of both preservice and in-service science teachers.
Morrey-Sobolev capacities

Sobolev capacities. Here we refer the reader to [AH] for the theory of the capacities \(C_{\alpha,p}\mbox{ and }\dot{C}_{\alpha,p}\) and in fact for the general theory of capacities based on potentials of functions in Lebesgue spaces; see also Meyers [M2] 1970.
Polychaete Sibling Species

Capitella capitata was formerly regarded as an excellent cosmopolitan indicator species for marine pollution or environmental disturbance. Following an oil spill in West Falmouth, Massachusetts in September 1969, when most of the benthic marine fauna was killed, the subsequent responses of a number of polychaete and other invertebrate species allowed us to rank species in order of decreasing opportunism: 1. Capitella capitata 2. Polydora ligni 3. Syllides verrilli 4. Micropthalmus aberrans 5. Streblospio benedicti 6. Mediomastus ambiseta. These polychaete species all showed the ability to increase rapidly, large population size, early maturation and high mortality that are characteristics of opportunists. Preliminary electrophoretic studies on two Mdh (malate dehydrogenase) loci in Capitella collected in the oil spill area and in adjacent control areas indicated short-term selection at the Mdh-2 locus (Grassle and Grassle, 1974).
Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Influenza viruses cause over 500,000 deaths worldwide1 and are associated with an annual cost of 12 - 14 billion USD in the United States alone considering direct medical and hospitalization expenses and work absenteeism2. Animal models are crucial in Influenza A virus (IAV) studies to evaluate viral pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions, immune responses, and the efficacy of current and/or novel vaccine approaches as well as antivirals. Mice are an advantageous small animal model because their immune system is evolutionarily similar to that found in humans, they are available from commercial vendors as genetically identical subjects, there are multiple strains that can be exploited to evaluate the genetic basis of infections, and they are relatively inexpensive and easy to manipulate. To recapitulate IAV infection in humans via the airways, mice are first anesthetized prior to intranasal inoculation with infectious IAVs under proper biosafety containment. After infection, the pathogenesis of IAVs is determined by monitoring daily the morbidity (body weight loss) and mortality (survival) rate. In addition, viral pathogenesis can also be evaluated by assessing virus replication in the upper (nasal mucosa) or lower (lungs) respiratory tract of infected mice. Humoral responses upon IAV infection can be rapidly evaluated by non-invasive bleeding and secondary antibody detection assays aimed at detecting the presence of total or neutralizing antibodies. Here, we describe the common methods used to infect mice intranasally (i.n) with IAV and evaluate pathogenesis, humoral immune responses and protection efficacy.
Problem-Intervention-Outcome Meta-Model (PIO MM): A Conceptual Meta Model for Intervention Effectiveness Research, Quality Improvement Activities, and Program Evaluation

In Chap. 1, we examined conceptualizations at the intersection of intervention effectiveness research, health care quality improvement, and program evaluation. This chapter introduces the Problem-Intervention-Outcome Meta-Model (PIO MM) as a theoretical foundation for a project that aims to demonstrate intervention effectiveness and/or outcomes for a particular population of interest within a given context. The PIO MM is presented with definitions and information about how it will be used throughout this book in the context of intervention effectiveness research, quality improvement activities, and program evaluation. Relationships between PIO MM, study design, change theory, and PICOT Format, are examined.
Changes in Lumbar Endplate Area and Concavity Associated With Disc Degeneration.

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective image-based analysis. OBJECTIVE To measure endplate three-dimensional (3D) geometry, endplate changes in vivo and to investigate correlations between disc degeneration and endplate 3D geometry dependent on symptoms of low back pain (LBP). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA It has been hypothesized that alteration of load transmission from the nucleus pulposus to the annulus fibrosus affects vertebral endplate geometry. METHODS 3D surface models of inferior/superior lumbar endplates were created from computed tomography scans of n = 92 volunteers with and without LBP. Disc degeneration was evaluated using Pfirrmann scale. Concavity in both coronal and sagittal planes was assessed with the Concavity Index (unitless; larger than 1: concave; flat: 1; and less than 1: convex, respectively). Endplate area and disc height distribution were computed and the effects from demographics and spinal degeneration were sought with an analysis of variance model. RESULTS Both sagittal and coronal planes revealed significantly decreased concavity in those with terminal grade 5 disc degeneration (mean 0.833 ± 0.235) compared to the other grades in the cohort. Older subjects presented with larger endplate areas than the younger subjects (P = 0.0148) at L4-S1. Overall, symptomatic subjects had significantly larger endplate areas (P = 0.022), especially at the lower lumbar levels (P < 0.001). Analysis of variance showed that sex, disc level, disc degeneration grade, and disc height reached significance (P < 0.0001) as influential parameters in both Concavity Index cases. CONCLUSION With advancing intervertebral disc degeneration, endplates become more convex over time in both sagittal and coronal planes. Our findings implicate the endplate changes with advancing disc degeneration in the shift in load transmission from the nucleus pulposus to the annulus fibrosus, resulting in changes within the curvature of the endplates. This is also the first study to describe the direct impact of age, sex, and LBP on vertebral endplate anatomy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5.
Makerspaces and Art Educational Places.

In this article I outline the theoretical underpinnings of the maker movement, and I provide the reader with a detailed analysis of how these theories relate to current discussions of making in art...
Abstract 374: Inhibition of Mitochondrial CaMKII Reduces Vascular Smooth Muscle Migration and Neointima Formation and Halts Mitochondrial Mobility

Background: Restenosis after angioplasty for coronary vascular disease remains a critical problem in cardiovascular medicine. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation cause restenosis through neointima formation. Mitochondrial motility is likely necessary for cell proliferation and migration, and is inhibited in microdomains with increased Ca 2+ . The Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) in mitochondria (mtCaMKII) is proposed to control mitochondrial matrix Ca 2+ uptake through mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter (MCU). Thus, we hypothesized that blocking mtCaMKII decreases VSMC migration and neointima formation by decreasing mitochondrial motility. Methods: mtCaMKII was inhibited by expression of the mitochondria-targeted CaMKII inhibitor peptide (CaMKIIN) in a novel transgenic mouse model in smooth muscle only (SM-mtCaMKIIN) or delivered by adenoviral transduction (Ad-mtCaMKIIN). Results: In our models, mtCaMKIIN was detected selectively in mitochondria of VSMC. mtCaMKIIN significantly reduced mitochondrial Ca 2+ current and Ca 2+ content compared to WT in vivo and in vitro. SM-mtCaMKIIN mice showed significantly reduced neointimal area 28 days after endothelial injury (n=8, p Conclusions: mtCaMKIIN prevents mitochondrial distribution to the leading edge and reduces VSMC migration and neointima formation. These data suggest mitochondrial Ca 2+ regulation plays an important role in VSMC migration by altering mitochondrial location.
Hyperimmune products in the prevention and therapy of infectious disease: a report of a hyperimmune products expert advisory panel

This paper reviews a meeting at which basic pathophysiology of infections, mechanisms of action of hyperimmune products and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, as well as currently available hyperimmunes and their potential new targets and uses, were discussed. A hyperimmune product was defined as either a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal preparation enriched with antibody directed against one or more particular targets. A number of issues were emphasised, including: resistant bacterial pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes; the role of hyperimmune intravenous globulins in the prevention of sepsis in low birthweight infants; hepatitis B virus infection associated with liver transplantation; combination therapy; the potential role of hyperimmunes in the prevention and treatment of hepatitis C virus; and the use of immunoglobulins for the prophylaxis of Epstein-Barr virus-related lymphoproliferative disease. Routes of administration were also discussed. It was concluded that the development of hyperimmunes faces numerous obstacles. It was agreed that the use of hyperimmunes in clinical trials must be standardised; clinical trials must be large enough to have sufficient power to demonstrate efficacy with clear-cut end-points, and means need to be developed, in conjunction with regulatory agencies, for the feasible evaluation of combination products. However, progress in all these aspects will provide a wide range of hyperimmunes for future use.
Some Summarizing Thoughts

For the past ten to fifteen years diabetologists have emphasized the numerous differences separating that type of diabetes mainly affecting children, associated with an autoimmune destruction of the beta cells (Type I or IDDM, Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) and that type affecting primarily individuals in later life and closely associated with aging, overnutrition and diminished exercise (Type II or NIDDM, Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus). As a result of this trend in differentiating these two broad categories, the National Diabetes Data Group published in 1979 an official classification which was subsequently accepted by the World Health Organization and which demarcates the two disease entities from each other (see chapter by Bennett). It is now interesting that this apparently clear differentiation is becoming less precise as more data accumulate. In fact, the ecumenical exuberance of the late 1970s to segregate all diabetics into either Type I or Type II was perhaps a little too unsophisticated in that some individuals, such as those with maturity-onset diabetes occurring in youth, or those in whom a kind of insulin-dependent type diabetes develops late in life after many years of what is clearly Type II diabetes obviously can’t be classified in either of the two broad categories. The nomenclature itself is even confusing since it is now obvious that there is a prodromal phase to Type I diabetes when the patient is not dependent on insulin and, likewise, many in the remission or “honeymoon” phase can go off insulin for variable periods of time. Thus these subjects are strictly not “insulin-dependent”.
Economic Growth Versus the Environment

Reportedly, the longest period of laughter ever received by a comedian was during a Jack Benny radio broadcast. Benny is accosted by a thief who sticks a gun in his ribs and says “your money or your life!”. After a long pause the thief says “Well what’s wrong? What are you waiting for?”, to which Benny replies “Just a minute, I’m thinking it over”. The absurdity of this position is no doubt lost on the legions of economists turning out cost benefit analyses showing that it is too expensive to curtail greenhouse gas emissions, CFC production, biodiversity loss or any other of the environmentally destructive by-products of economic growth.
Implementing and Assessing the “Diversity” Learning Goal

Utilizing case law and legal documents, this essay examines the diversity learning goal for program assessment.
DeActive: Scaling Activity Recognition with Active Deep Learning

Deep learning architectures have been applied increasingly in multi-modal problems which has empowered a large number of application domains needing much less human supervision in the process. As unlabeled data are abundant in most of the application domains, deep architectures are getting increasingly popular to extract meaningful information out of these large volume of data. One of the major caveat of these architectures is that the training phase demands both computational time and system resources much higher than shallow learning algorithms and it is posing a difficult challenge for the researchers to implement the architectures in low-power resource constrained devices. In this paper, we propose a deep and active learning enabled activity recognition model, DeActive, which is optimized according to our problem domain and reduce the resource requirements. We incorporate active learning in the process to minimize the human supervision along with the effort needed for compiling ground truth. The DeActive model has been validated using real data traces from a retirement community center (IRB #HP-00064387) and 4 public datasets. Our experimental results show that our model can contribute better accuracy while ensuring less amount of resource usages in reduced time compared to other traditional deep learning approaches in activity recognition.
A NEWLY IDENTIFIED MUTATION IN THE CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR GENE CAUSING FAMILIAL HYPOCALCIURIC HYPERCALCEMIA: A CASE REPORT

ABSTRACT Objective: To emphasize the importance of genetic testing of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in cases where biochemical tests fail to differentiate between primary hyperparathyroidism ...
Corneal ablation with new 193 nm solid-state laser: preliminary experiments.

Purpose To assess the ability of a newly developed 193 nm solid-state laser to ablate the cornea. Setting Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. Methods A prototype laser engine was developed by combining a 1547 nm laser diode, fiber amplifiers, and 5 stages of a frequency-conversion system using CsLiB 6 O 10 crystals as the last stage. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) plates were exposed to the prototype laser beam to determine the relationship between the fluence and ablation rate. Laser irradiation of porcine corneas was performed to induce morphological changes, and the quality of the lesions was determined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Results The relationship between the fluence and ablation rate of the 193 nm solid-state laser was comparable to that of the argon–fluoride excimer laser. Light and scanning electron microscopy of the porcine corneas showed that the linear and square lesions had sharp, clean edges. Conclusions Smooth ablations of PMMA plates and porcine corneas were obtained by the laser. Further investigations must be conducted to determine whether this laser can be an alternative laser source for keratorefractive surgery.
The ecological crisis, the human condition, and community-based restoration as an instrument for its cure

We have entered an unprecedented period in human history. By the vigor of our con- sumption and procreation, the human species has modified our global environment at wide regional and global scales. At the close of the twentieth century, global warming, biodiversity losses, ozone and freshwater depletion, to name a few, are now recognized as human-induced wide-scale environ- mental transformations. In spite of admirable efforts to arrest some of these processes and restore environmental vitality, the pace at which humans modify their environment continues with consider- able intensity. The future health of the biosphere for sustaining all life may be drifting close to the margins as environmental crises increase within a single generation. These destructive propensities have deep cultural and psychological roots that divide us from the rest of the environment. Signifi- cant social change is needed for improving our collective relationship with the earth. Humans, with our unique capacity for self-reflection, are beginning to understand that the underpinnings to our current ecological problems lie within our attitudes, values, ethics, perceptions, and behaviors. New ways to reconceptualize our unity with the biosphere, understand downstream impacts, and link social behavior with environmental transformations are increasing with corresponding intensity. Community-based restoration is a powerful means for facilitating this trend, by reconnecting commu- nities with their landscape, empowering citizenry, and fostering an environmental ethos based on ecopsychological health.
Regulation of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Distribution by the TET Enzymes

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) has a critical role in the epigenetic regulation of many cellular processes, including differentiation, cytokine responses, and memory formation. This modified base is generated by the TET enzymes through oxidizing 5-methylcytosine and can be further oxidized to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine. The level and distribution of 5-hmC in the genome is tightly controlled through transcription of TET genes, post-translational modifications on the TET enzymes, and various interacting partners of TET enzymes. Deregulation of 5-hmC is often found in pathological conditions and plays crucial roles in disease progression. This chapter will discuss recent findings regarding 5-hmC functions, TET proteins, and their gene regulations, as well as their relationships to cancer.
The why and when of background checks: Situational factors moderate effects of criminal and financial stigma

Past criminal and financial transgressions, even when of questionable job relevance, can harm job‐seekers' prospects. In three hiring simulation experiments, manipulations of situational factors hypothesized to alter decision focus moderate the effect of background report information on applicant evaluations. In Study 1, emphasizing in‐role performance as a hiring goal decreases the weight placed on transgressions relative to standard qualifications. Study 2 demonstrates this context effect with a different design and experienced hiring professionals, and finds that delaying background checks heightens a transgression's impact. In Study 3, presenting novel positive information in conjunction with a criminal offense mitigates the delay effect. By adopting a behavioral decision perspective, this research illuminates how situational factors shape the impact of a widespread form of stigma.
Cranial Base Manifestations of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis.

ObjectiveAlthough granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA; Wegener’s granulomatosis) is classically characterized by systemic disease involving the kidneys and airway, approximately 10% of patients w...
Decadal predictability of North Atlantic blocking and the NAO

Can multi-annual variations in the frequency of North Atlantic atmospheric blocking and mid-latitude circulation regimes be skilfully predicted? Recent advances in seasonal forecasting have shown that mid-latitude climate variability does exhibit significant predictability. However, atmospheric predictability has generally been found to be quite limited on multi-annual timescales. New decadal prediction experiments from NCAR are found to exhibit remarkable skill in reproducing the observed multi-annual variations of wintertime blocking frequency over the North Atlantic and of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) itself. This is partly due to the large ensemble size that allows the predictable component of the atmospheric variability to emerge from the background chaotic component. The predictable atmospheric anomalies represent a forced response to oceanic low-frequency variability that strongly resembles the Atlantic Multi-decadal Variability (AMV), correctly reproduced in the decadal hindcasts thanks to realistic ocean initialization and ocean dynamics. The occurrence of blocking in certain areas of the Euro-Atlantic domain determines the concurrent circulation regime and the phase of known teleconnections, such as the NAO, consequently affecting the stormtrack and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Therefore, skilfully predicting the decadal fluctuations of blocking frequency and the NAO may be used in statistical predictions of near-term climate anomalies, and it provides a strong indication that impactful climate anomalies may also be predictable with improved dynamical models.
Information Gaps and Health Insurance Enrollment: Evidence from Affordable Care Act Assister Programs

I study changes in health insurance coverage associated with a large government initiative to help people understand and compare their health insurance options. Funding for the initiative was not associated with increased rates of marketplace coverage, but was associated with increased uptake of free Medicaid coverage in expansion states. Novel data on the policy’s target population, people with low insurance literacy, show potential mechanisms: 69% had over-estimated the generosity of insurance, and 36% were income eligible for Medicaid but unaware. These findings demonstrate the importance of measuring the beliefs and characteristics of the targeted individuals when designing and evaluating policy.
Social Media Use Among Young Adults With Connective Tissue Disorders: Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.

Background: Young people with genetic conditions often face challenges coping with their health condition. It can be difficult for them to meet someone with a similar condition, which is important for reinforcement of chronic illness management recommendations. Social media is used by 97% of young people in the United States and may provide those with these disorders a space for emotional expression and support. However, there is a scarcity of literature related to the use of social media among adolescents with genetic conditions as an indicator of their perception regarding their own condition. Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to obtain preliminary data to assess and understand social media use by young people with connective tissue disorders and determine whether they use social media to connect with patients with similar conditions or whether they would be interested in doing so. Methods: We undertook a pilot study of selected connective tissue disorders occurring in young people between the ages of 11 and 25 years, including Marfan syndrome; Ehlers-Danlos syndrome subtypes classical, classical-like, cardiac-valvular, and vascular; Beals congenital contractual arachnodactyly; and Alport hereditary nephritis. The study took place within one pediatric clinical system. Patients were identified through electronic medical record search and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, coding at a Midwest university–based clinical system. Study subjects completed a short survey describing their experiences with their connective tissue disorders, their means of self-expression, their existing network of persons to communicate with, and their use of social media. Data analysis included nominal and bivariate regressions to compare social media use in relation to age. Results: Our 31 participants (42% response rate) were 55% female (17/31) and their average age was 18 years (SD 5). All participants used social media and there were no statistically significant differences between social media use and age. The majority of participants (25/30, 83%) reported that they never used social media to discuss their condition (P=.09), and only 17% (5/30) knew someone online with a similar condition (P=.50). Most participants (19/30, 63%) said they would communicate with someone with a similar disorder (P=.64). Conclusions: We found that young individuals with connective tissue disorders use at least one type of social media. A majority did not use social media to discuss their condition or know someone online with a similar condition. However, many persons were interested in finding others similarly affected. Social media could serve as a platform for young people with connective tissue disorders to connect. Peer support is important in disease management and adolescent development. Future studies should aim at understanding social media use among young people with connective tissue disorders and helping them connect with other people who have similar conditions.
42. HEALTHY SMILE HAPPY START

Background Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in childhood in the US and they are the single greatest risk factor for caries in permanent dentition. Caries and cavities are largely preventable and fluoride varnish has been proven effective for combating the disease. Only 1.5% of one-year-olds have been to a dentist in comparison to 89% who have been seen by a pediatrician. Given the low prevalence of children with a dental medical home, AAP, Bright Futures and USPSTF released a statement in 2014 addressing oral healthcare, recommending fluoride varnish in the primary care setting beginning at first tooth emergence. Aim Statement Increase the percentage of at least one fluoride varnish application in 9 to 36-month old children to 50% and oral health documentation in the electronic health record (EHR) by 80% by June 2020. Interventions Population and setting included patients presenting to our general pediatrics clinics (ACC and Kendall UHealth) for their 9, 18, 24, 30, 36-month well child visits, after their first tooth eruption. The first cycle took place from Sept-Dec 2019 and involved applying fluoride varnish to eligible patients. The second cycle is planned for Jan-Mar 2020 and includes distributing a FAQ sheet about fluoride and using a trackable smart phrase for oral health documentation. The final cycle will include another change to increase application and documentation from Mar-June 2020. Measures A questionnaire was used to collect baseline and post-intervention data to determine the % of eligible patients who received fluoride varnish application. Chart review was done for the eligible patients to determine % of dental assessments documented in the EHR. Results After the first cycle, fluoride varnish application increased from 17.2% to 79.5% at ACC and from 9.1% to 38.8% at Kendall; dental assessment documentation increased from 40.3% to 50.6% at ACC and from 62.5% to 98.6% at Kendall. Conclusions and Next Steps Our clinics did not previously apply fluoride varnish at routine well child visits, which created a gap in preventative medicine. Knowing that dental caries account for the most common chronic disease in childhood, we have made strides to prevent this disease by increasing application significantly, which we will continue to do through added changes. While dental assessment documentation increased as well, there is still room to improve to ensure it is as compressive as possible, which will be closely tracked in coming months.
Ising Matter as Bulky: An Identity Described by Many Models

The two-dimensional Ising model of a ferromagnet allows for many ways of computing its partition function and other properties. Each way reveals surprising features of what we might call Ising Matter. Moreover, the various ways would appear to analogize with the mathematical threefold analogy of analysis, algebra, and arithmetic, due to R. Dedekind and H. Weber, 1882, and more recently described by A. Weil.
Annual Wellness Visits and Influenza Vaccinations among Older Adults in the US

ObjectivesInvestigate whether combinations of sociodemographic factors, chronic conditions, and other health indicators pose barriers for older adults to access Annual Wellness Visits (AWVs) and in...
Manuel Aznar Soler (ed.), La literatura dramática del exilio republicano de 1939 I. Biblioteca del exilio. Sevilla: Editorial Renacimiento, 2018. ISBN: 978-84-17550-57-8. 590 pp.

Esta resena trata sobre el segundo volumen de La literatura dramatica del exilio republicano de 1939. El objetivo es recoger las principales caracteristicas de la estructura y el contenido del libro, examinar donde y para que surge y estudiar el modo en que se organiza la informacion.
Fides et ratio, a Síntese Medieval Ocidental e o Colapso da Bioética Secular e da Moralidade:

A partir desta edicao, publicaremos uma secao especial, denominada “Bioetica no Mundo da Saude”, criada para comportar trabalhos de grande relevância na area da Bioetica e da Saude. Para inaugurarmos a secao, escolhemos dar continuidade, a partir do quarto capi-tulo, a publicacao da obra “After God: Morality and Bioethics in a Secular Age”, do importante bioeticista Prof. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr, que gentilmente nos cedeu os direitos. Tal trabalho foi primeiramente apresentado na secao “artigos em series”, da revista Bioethikos em 2014;8(1):80-88. This chapter has been developed from a lecture, “The Deflation of Morality: Rethinking the Secularization of the West”, given originally at the University of Salento, Lecce, Italy, on 1 February 2012. Distantly ancestral versions of some of the material in this chapter were also given as lectures: “Religion, Politics, and the State: Rethinking Morality in Modern Secularized Societies,” Politeia, University of Milan, January 30, 2012, and “Religion, Politics, and the State in Modern Secularized Societies,” Comune di Napoli, February 6, 2012.
Uncertainty of oxygen measuring in flue gas

The oxygen measuring reliability in the flue gas flow has important significance fir the economical operation and environment protection of furnaces, the sampling system has the most important influence among the factors affecting measuring precision, This paper emphatically explains the influences of this factor on the measuring process and results gives a new type sampling system satisfying the requirements of GB10184 standard and carries out the overall analysis of this sampling system.
Intermittent Neuromonitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal and Vagus Nerves: the Ins and Outs

Intermittent intraoperative nerve monitoring has remained a controversial topic in endocrine neck surgery as several studies have produced nonuniform results. Although continuous intraoperative nerve monitoring is a newer technology, intermittent monitoring is still a useful adjunct in safe thyroid surgery when used correctly. This work summarizes the benefits, limitations, setup, and troubleshooting techniques for this technology. There are randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses supporting the use of intermittent neuromonitoring in thyroid surgery, but it has not been consistently demonstrated to improve outcomes compared to the gold standard of nerve visualization alone. Although intermittent neuromonitoring has not been consistently shown to reduce rates of vocal cord paralysis, it is particularly useful in intraoperative neural identification, nerve dissection, and neural prognostication to prevent bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Future research may further compare outcomes between use of intermittent and continuous neuromonitoring in thyroid surgery.
Comparing the pRIFLE, AKIN, KDIGO, and modified KDIGO criteria in neonates after cardiac surgery.

While several standardized criteria for acute kidney injury (AKI) have been studied, there is no consensus on which criteria to use in neonates after cardiac surgery. The goal of this research was to compare the AKI incidence and outcomes according to the pediatric Risk, Injury, Failure and Loss, and End-Stage (pRIFLE), AKI Network (AKIN), Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), and modified KDIGO (mKDIGO) criteria in neonates following congenital cardiac surgery. A clinical database of all neonates undergoing congenital cardiac surgery admitted to the Cantonese cardiac center from 2014 to 2020 was retrospectively analyzed. AKI was based on the pRIFLE, AKIN, KDIGO, and mKDIGO classification. The predictive abilities for postoperative outcomes were compared by receiver operating curves, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of AKI definitions with postoperative outcomes. In the study population of 522 patients, 177, 110, 131, and 114 neonates had AKI according to the pRIFLE, AKIN, KDIGO, and mKDIGO criteria, respectively. After multivariate analysis, all definitions were found to be significant predictors of increased mortality. The AUCs for mortality were substantially different with pRIFLE (AUC, 0.795), AKIN (AUC, 0.724), KDIGO (AUC, 0.819), and mKDIGO (AUC, 0.831) (P < 0.01) across the entire population, whereas the mKDIGO system was more accurate than the pRIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO systems. The incidence of AKI varied across all definitions. However, the mKDIGO system was more accurate in predicting in-hospital mortality than the pRIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO systems in neonates after heart surgery.
Cleanroom Software Engineering: Developing Software Under Statistical Quality Control

Cleanroom software engineering is a theory-based, team-oriented engineering process for developing and certifying very high quality software under statistical quality control. (The name “Cleanroom” was chosen in analogy to the precision engineering of hardware cleanrooms.) Cleanroom software engineering methods include box structure specification and design, function-theoretic correctness verification, incremental development, and usage-based statistical testing for certification of software fitness for use. Cleanroom teams are organized into specification, development, and certification (testing) roles. The Cleanroom process originated in IBM in the mid-1980s to bring engineering rigor to software development. Cleanroom software engineering has been applied with excellent results in a variety of system developments, and continues to evolve as an engineering technology. Keywords: statistical quality control; software; cleanroom management process; cleanroom software development; verification; cleanroom; certification; results
Power electronics-recent advances and future perspective

In the history of industrial civilization, we have come a long way since the first industrial revolution when James Watt invented the steam engine to replace the muscle power by mechanical power. The invention of electrical machines and industrial application of electricity around one hundred years ago marked a significant milestone in this evolutionary process. Gradually, the advent of solid state semiconductor devices, power electronics, microelectronics, computers and computer-aided engineering techniques brought us well ahead in the midst of a modern industrial revolution. The paper highlights technological advances in power electronics and motion control and gives a brief perspective of the future. Particularly, it reviews a few selected applications from the recent literature. >
The Function of Local Lymphoid Tissues in Pulmonary Immune Responses

Primary adaptive immune responses are initiated in secondary lymphoid organs, such as spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer’s patches. These lymphoid organs recruit naive lymphocytes1 as well as activated antigen-presenting cells (APCs)2, and facilitate lymphocyte activation, expansion, and differentiation. For example, infection of the lung with influenza virus leads to activation of pulmonary dendritic cells, which engulf local antigens and traffic to the draining mediastinal lymph node (MLN)3, where they home to the T cell area surrounding the high endothelial venules (HEVs) (Figure 1). Naive B and T cells are constantly recruited into the lymph node via these HEVs and rapidly become activated as they encounter cognate antigen on APCs. Activated lymphocytes subsequently expand and differentiate into effector cells. For T cells, this differentiation primarily occurs in the T cell zone. In contrast, B cells rapidly expand and are selected for high-affinity variants in the germinal centers (GCs) that develop on the border between the T cell area and the B cell follicle. As the immune response progresses, effector B and T cells leave the lymph node via the efferent lymphatics, which drain into the blood via the thoracic duct. Once in the blood, activated effector cells recirculate to sites of inflammation, including the original site of infection in the lung, and use their effector functions to combat infection. An important point of this model is that, while infection occurs locally in non-lymphoid organs, primary immune responses are initiated centrally in secondary lymphoid organs. This scheme is outlined in Figure 1.
On the Obliquity Function to be used in the Approximate Theory of Diffraction

The solution of problems in diffraction by an elementary application of Huyghens's principle is discussed. The obliquity function is investigated, using the criterion that the formula used must give the right result when integrated for the case of an undiffracted plane wave. It is shown that this is satisfied for distant points by any function which makes the integrals converge, but that to satisfy it completely a constant obliquity function is necessary. This makes a consideration of the distant boundary essential, as the integrals do not converge in this case. It is shown that a boundary distributed in a Gaussian way is completely satisfactory. The integral for the case of diffraction by a straight edge is solved exactly, leading to the usual result. Finally, the results are discussed in relation to the teaching of the subject. I am indebted to Dr H. Jeffreys and to Mr F. P. White for their interest in this paper; also to Mr N. F. Mott, who has contributed much to the course of its development.
A phase field model for vesicle-substrate adhesion

In this paper, a phase field model is developed for vesicle adhesion involving complex substrate and vesicle geometries. The model takes into account an adhesion potential that depends on the distance of vesicle to the substrate. A variational problem is solved in a 3D computational domain by minimizing the contribution of bending elastic energy and the adhesion energy under the constraints of total surface area and volume, described via a phase function. An adaptive finite element method is used to efficiently compute the numerical solutions of the model. The computational results are validated through comparison of several axisymmetric shapes with the sharp-interface ODE solution. Moreover, we compute shapes for non-axisymmetric situations to support the observation that concave substrates favor adhesion.
Acidogenic and methanogenic fermentation of causticized straw.

The effects of pretreatment process variables (straw concentration between 20 and 90 kg volatile solids (VS)/m/sup 3/, temperature between 30 and 85/sup 0/C, and alkaline dosage between 0 and 80 g NaOH/kg VS) on acidogenesis and methanogenesis were investigated. Rates of acidogenesis and methanogenesis were determined using first-order kinetics, and ultimate acid and methane yields were measured. The acid yield was not affected by pretreatment concentration or temperature, but increased as alkaline dosage increased. The acidogenesis rate was not affected by pretreatment temperature or alkaline dosage, but decreased as the substrate concentration increased. This decrease in the acidogenesis rate was attributed to a decrease in the inoculum: substrate ratio as the substrate concentraion increased. The methane yield and methanogenesis rate were not affected by pretreatment substrate concentration or temperature, and both increased with alkaline dosage up to about 40 g NaOH/kg VS, then remained relatively constant above 40 g NaOH/kg VS.
Cholesterol-cerebroside interaction: The role of α-hydroxy fatty acids

The esterification of cholesterol by the plasma phosphatidyl choline-cholesterol acyltransferase reaction was studied by two methods, radioisotopic and colorimetric, in the presence of cerebroside, ceramide, or methyl esters of lignoceric or α-hydroxy lignoceric acid. The radioisotopic method measures esterification of exogenous labeled cholesterol which must be taken up into the lipoprotein-bound pool prior to its utilization as a substrate. The colorimetric method measures esterification of endogenous lipoprotein-bound free cholesterol since the exogenous labeled cholesterol is negligible in concentration. Cerebroside and ceramide containing α-hydroxy fatty acids reduced the utilization of exogenous labeled cholesterol as substrate, but had no effect on lipoprotein-bound exogenous cholesterol esterification. Cerebroside and ceramide containing no α-hydroxy fatty acid had no effect on exogenous labeled cholesterol esterification. The methyl esters of lignoceric acid and α-hydroxy lignoceric acid had no effect on the esterification of exogenous cholesterol in plasma. There is a decrease in esterification of exogenous labeled cholesterol with increasing concentration of α-hydroxy fatty acid ceramide. Increasing the concentration of exogenous cholesterol tends to counteract the effect of the ceramide on cholesterol esterification. There was little effect on exogenous cholesterol esterification when the α-hydroxy fatty acid ceramide was exposed to plasma before adding the labeled cholesterol. The findings demonstrate an interaction between free cholesterol and cerebroside or ceramide containing α-hydroxy fatty acids, but the nature of the interaction is not elucidated.