cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Vietnam's ICT and Software Services Sector

This paper presents an analysis of Vietnam’s position in the global ICT and Software services industry. Vietnam entry in this increasingly competitive sector is built on a foundation of positive macroeconomic changes and investments from government and multi- lateral organizations. Using an analytical framework that includes nine significant factors for newly competitive countries, this paper suggests that Vietnam’s competitive strengths include cost effective workforce, improving infrastructure, linkages with key markets and an ambitious national vision. The country has benefited by attracting investment and established local presence of industry leaders. However Vietnam is a late entrant to the market and has weaknesses in key areas such as finance and international benchmarking.
The Authoritative Parenting Index: Predicting Health Risk Behaviors Among Children and Adolescents

Public health research demonstrates increasing interest in mobilizing parental influence to prevent health risk behaviors among children and adolescents. This research focuses on authoritative parenting, which previous studies suggest can prevent health risk behaviors among youth. To evaluate the reliability and validity of a new survey measure of authoritative parenting, data from studies of (1) substance use in a sample of 1,236 fourth- and sixth-grade students; (2) weapon carrying and interpersonal violence in a sample of 1,490 ninth- and tenth-grade students, and (3) anger, alienation, and conflict resolution in a sample of 224 seventh- and eighth-grade students were analyzed. The Authoritative Parenting Index had a factor structure consistent with a theoretical model of the construct; had acceptable reliability; showed grade, sex, and ethnic differences consistent with other studies; and identified parenting types that varied as hypothesized with multiple indicators of social competence and health risk behaviors among children and adolescents.
Cassini Reaction Wheel Momentum Bias Optimization Tool

*† The optimal selection of momentum bias for performing long periods of spacecraft maneuvers on reaction wheels is formulated as an optimization problem. The cost functional to be minimized includes terms that are related to reaction wheel consumables and the momentum storage limit of the reaction wheels. The formulated problem is solved using a direct search numerical method. A novel computational efficient formulation and gain table schemes are implemented to acquire solutions rapidly. Finally, simulation and in-flight results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method. This method could be easily adapted for use on other spacecraft controlled by reaction wheels.
Mapping Shame and Its Functions in Relationships

Articles in this issue examine how experiences of shame, together with its effects on anger, are involved in maltreatment's sequelae. Authors identify mechanisms through which these emotions result from, and adversely affect, victims' concurrent and later adjustment. Using Leary's (1999) analysis of similar paradoxes in research concerning self-esteem, this commentary pinpoints dilemmas and consequences implied in this special issue regarding shame. These include whether shame should be accentuated as the central emotional mediator or moderator in maltreatment sequelae, inferring particular attributions, regulatory goals, or consequences based on extant measures of shame and construing these as outcomes or causes in maltreatment sequelae. Questions are raised concerning the diverse functions of shame, alone and in combination with anger or guilt, the steps needed to reveal these various functions, and their implications for therapeutic interventions with survivors of abuse. Adopting this approach acknowledges that expressions of shame may sometimes help victims negotiate relational hazards and treats shame as a signal or coeffect in maltreatment sequelae.
Efficient 6-bit A/D converter using a 1-bit folding front end

An efficient analog-to-digital (A/D) converter architecture that uses a 1-bit folding front end is described. The folder is realized using a zero-crossing detector and transmission gates. The problem arising from the nonideality of the folding operation is handled in a special way. The use of a single folder in front rather than the conventional approach of using multiple folders results in a significantly smaller input capacitance. The architecture has been used for realizing a 7S-Msamples/s, 6-bit A/D converter for local-area-network application. The prototype has been implemented in a 0.5-/spl mu/m single-poly, triple-metal digital CMOS technology. It occupies an area of 1 mm/sup 2/ and has a power consumption of 110 mW from a 3.3-V supply.
A New Approach to Calculation of Contact Characteristics

A new method of calculation of contact characteristics for rough surfaces is proposed based on integral relations that express the normal contact stress as an explicit function of the surface shape. To produce calculations by this method, a region having a simple shape should be chosen first, where the contact is supposed to be nominally complete. An iterative procedure with regard to the shape is applied within the load-free surface portion, and allows the normal stresses, surface displacement and the real area of contact to be determined. The method is applicable to rough bodies of arbitrary shape for which the half-space formulation and equivalent roughness concepts apply; the real contact area should lie within the initially chosen contact region and can include a system of unconnected contact spots. Both 2D and 3D cases are considered in the present work. The 2D analysis is based on known integral relations for nonperiodic and periodic contact problems. In the 3D case, new analytical relations are obtained and their properties are analyzed. An iteration algorithm based on these relations and its efficient numerical implementation are described. Application of the method to the contact of real rough surfaces is discussed.
Norms in Mixed Sex and Mixed Race Work Groups

Abstract Norms determine regular patterns of behavior and influence members' identification with a group. They are also a proximate way to predict and understand behavior in diverse work groups but, surprisingly, have not been extensively examined in this context. After reviewing research on group norms and the psychology of prejudice, I suggest that reaping the benefits of the increased range of available task relevant resources in demographically diverse work groups may depend on the strength and content of the norms it adopts, but that diverse groups face distinct obstacles in developing strong norms that create satisfying interpersonal interaction and effective work performance. I consider the difficulties diverse work groups have in forming strong norms and then focus on how anti‐bias norms, which are directed toward preventing behaviors associated with prejudice and discrimination and address members' security concerns, and openness norms, which promote people's ability to individuate those whom the...
Rapid digital system prototyping: current practice, future challenges

A top-down methodology that emphasizes modular, upgradable designs solves some problems with the current design process for application-specific signal processors. Virtual prototyping, model year architectures, and reuse-based design form the pillars of this new approach, which promises to raise industrial design productivity and competitiveness.
Cytosolic calcium accumulation and delayed repolarization associated with ventricular arrhythmias in a guinea pig model of Andersen-Tawil syndrome

Background Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS1)–associated ventricular arrhythmias are initiated by frequent, hypokalemia-exacerbated, triggered activity. Previous ex vivo studies in drug-induced Andersen-Tawil syndrome (DI-ATS1) models have proposed that arrhythmia propensity in DI-ATS1 derives from cytosolic Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ) accumulation leading to increased triggered activity. Objective The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that elevated [Ca 2+ ] i with concomitant APD prolongation, rather than APD dispersion, underlies arrhythmia propensity during DI-ATS1. Methods DI-ATS1 was induced in isolated guinea pig ventricles by perfusion of 2 mM KCl Tyrode solution containing 10 μM BaCl 2 . APD and [Ca 2+ ] i from the anterior epicardium were quantified by ratiometric optical voltage (di-4-ANEPPS) or Ca 2+ (Indo-1) mapping during right ventricular pacing with or without the ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener pinacidil (15 μM). Results APD gradients under all conditions were insufficient for arrhythmia induction by programmed stimulation. However, 38% of DI-ATS1 preparations experienced ventricular tachycardias (VTs), and all preparations experienced a high incidence of premature ventricular complexes (PVCs). Pinacidil decreased APD and APD dispersion and reduced VTs (to 6%), and PVC frequency (by 79.5%). However, PVC frequency remained significantly greater relative to control (0.5% ± 0.3% of DI-ATS1). Importantly, increased arrhythmia propensity during DI-ATS1 was associated with diastolic [Ca 2+ ] i accumulation and increased [Ca 2+ ] i transient amplitudes. Pinacidil partially attenuated the former but did not alter the latter. Conclusion The study data suggest that arrhythmias during DI-ATS1 may be a result of triggered activity secondary to prolonged APD and altered [Ca 2+ ] i cycling and less likely dependent on large epicardial APD gradients forming the substrate for reentry. Therefore, therapies aimed at reducing [Ca 2+ ] i rather than APD gradients may prove effective in treatment of ATS1.
The Posterior and the Prior in Bayesian Phylogenetics

Bayesian analysis has enjoyed explosive growth in phylogenetics over the past five years. Accompanying this popularity has been increased focus on the meaning of the posterior probability (PP) and the role of the prior in phylogenetic inference. Here we discuss the behavior of the PP in Bayesian and frequentist terms and its relationship to parametric and nonparametric bootstrapping. We also review the use of priors in phylogenetics and the issues surrounding the specification of informative and minimally informative prior distributions.
A Look at the Ecotherapy Research Evidence

Ecotherapy is an umbrella term for a gathering of techniques and practices that lead to circles of mutual healing between the human mind and the natural world from which it evolved. It includes horticultural therapy, wilderness excursion work, time stress management, and certain kinds of animal-assisted therapy. This article provides an overview of research into ecotherapy’s treatment efficacy and argues for a psychology of place designed to reconnect people psychologically with the world a place at a time.
Necrotizing soft-tissue infections and sepsis caused by Vibrio vulnificus compared with those caused by Aeromonas species.

Background: Vibrio and Aeromonas species, which can cause necrotizing fasciitis and primary septicemia, are members of the Vibrionaceae family and thrive in aquatic environments. Because the clinical symptoms and signs of necrotizing fasciitis and sepsis caused by these two bacteria are similar, the purposes of this study were to describe the clinical characteristics of Vibrio vulnificus and Aeromonas infections, to analyze the risk factors for death, and to compare the effects of surgical treatment on the outcome. Methods: The cases of thirty-two patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infections and sepsis caused by Vibrio vulnificus (seventeen patients) and Aeromonas species (fifteen patients) were retrospectively reviewed over a four-year period. Surgical debridement or immediate limb amputation was initially performed in all patients. Demographic data, underlying diseases, laboratory results, and clinical outcome were analyzed for each patient in both groups. Results: Six patients in the Vibrio vulnificus group and four patients in the Aeromonas group died. The patients who died had significantly lower serum albumin levels than did the patients who survived (p < 0.05). The patients with a combination of hepatic dysfunction and diabetes mellitus had a higher mortality rate than those with either hepatic disease or diabetes mellitus alone (p < 0.05). The patients with Vibrio vulnificus infections had a significantly lower systolic blood pressure at presentation (p = 0.006). The patients with Aeromonas infections who died had significantly lower white blood-cell counts (p = 0.03) with significantly fewer numbers of segmented white blood cells than those who died in the Vibrio vulnificus group (p = 0.01). Conclusions: The contact history of patients with a rapid onset of cellulitis can alert clinicians to a differential diagnosis of soft-tissue infection with Vibrio vulnificus (contact with seawater or raw seafood) or Aeromonas species (contact with fresh or brackish water, soil, or wood). Early fasciotomy and culture-directed antimicrobial therapy should be aggressively performed in those patients with hypotensive shock, leukopenia, severe hypoalbuminemia, and underlying chronic illness, especially a combination of hepatic dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Toward a New Class of Hybridized Reliability Methods designed for Efficiency and Robustness with Large Computer Models

Reliability approaches hold a prominent place in the set of probabilistic uncertainty propagation and quantification tools used in engineering analysis. These methods have seen much rigorous development to date and are in many cases very effective. When used in conjunction with large computational mechanics computer models, however, a new regime is entered that is very different from the ones in which the methods have traditionally been developed and tested. Analysis and examples will be cited here that demonstrate some pitfalls in using classical reliability methods in this regime, and mechanisms will be discussed for avoiding or reducing the pitfalls. Three different aspects of reliability procedures will be considered: 1) the optimization procedure for finding the critical or most-probable point; 2) the limit-state surface approximation step at the MPP; and 3) the integration to determine exceedence probability.
Role of Locoregional Therapy and Predictors for Dropout in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Listed for Liver Transplantation

Abstract Purpose To identify factors associated with removal from the liver transplantation waitlist because of death, deterioration of condition, or exceeding Milan criteria in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with emphasis on the role of locoregional therapy (LRT), defined as percutaneous thermal ablation and drug-eluting embolic chemoembolization, as bridge therapy. Materials and Methods All patients listed for liver transplant at a single institution with exception points for HCC during 2004–2012 were evaluated. The most common cause of cirrhosis was hepatitis C (68%; 121/177). Seventy-one percent (125/177) of patients underwent liver transplantation, and 83% (147/177) underwent at least 1 LRT procedure. Of the 52 patients who did not undergo liver transplantation, 31 (60%) of livers were removed because of progression of HCC. Results The likelihood of transplant was higher for patients who received LRT (odds ratio [OR], 2.9; confidence interval [CI], 2.2–7.2) and lower for patients with multifocal tumors (OR, 0.25; CI, 0.12–0.52) and with larger tumors (OR, 0.94; CI, 0.90–0.98). Time on the waitlist (OR, 0.99; CI, 0.99–1.0) was not found to correlate with removal. LRT increased the likelihood of liver transplantation, specifically for patients with prolonged wait times. Patients who demonstrated complete response (CR) to LRT on the first follow-up imaging study were more likely to undergo liver transplantation. Conclusions LRT increased the likelihood of a patient with HCC achieving liver transplant, particularly in patients facing prolonged waiting times. CR after LRT significantly increased the likelihood of liver transplantation.
Identification of an Additive NFIR System and its applications in generalized Hammerstein models

Identification of a nonlinear additive system is considered. An input signal is designed in such a way that the problem of identification of nonlinear additive systems is reduced to a problem of identification of static nonlinear functions. Then, three approaches are established to estimate the order of the system. The methods exploit the structure of the nonlinear additive model so that their implementations are easy.
Moving target localization using distributed dual-frequency radars and sparse reconstruction

In this paper, we present a sparsity-based approach for target location and velocity estimation using a network of distributed dual-frequency radar units. A single dual-frequency radar can only estimate the range and radial velocity component of the moving target. The distributed configuration permits not only target localization in cross-range and downrange, but also provides Doppler velocity diversity, which enables the estimation of the horizontal and vertical target velocity components. We develop a linear signal model for the distributed radar network configuration under dual-frequency operation, and perform joint optimization for simultaneously recovering the target location and motion parameters. Supporting simulation results are provided, which validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Connections between Topological Dynamics and Operator Algebras

In the following three sections we discuss various different, though interrelated, instances of the interplay between topological dynamical systems and operator algebras.
The spread of soft-tissue sarcomata of the extremities along peripheral-nerve trunks.

In thirty-eight of ninety-eight amputated extremities, the following evidence of a pathological relationship between sarcomata and peripheral nerves was found: adherence of the nerve to the tumor, thirteen cases; displacement of the nerve by the tumor, four cases; passage of the nerve through the tumor, eleven cases; and invasion of the nerve by the tumor, ten cases. Microscopic study revealed that the tumor had infiltrated the epineurium in seven extremities and that it had infiltrated the epineurium and spread along the nerve in the epineural connective tissue for varying distances in four extremities. Thus, in eleven of ninety-eight extremities the tumor had invaded peripheral nerves. Metastasis to the regional lymph nodes had occurred in twelve of the extremities (as evidenced by the case records alone). Fifty of the ninety-eight patients had complained of neurological symptoms, such as pain or numbness, but in only twenty-three instances was it possible to explain these complaints on the basis of gross and microscopic findings. The results of this study suggest the following conclusions: 1. Invasion of peripheral nerves by soft-tissue sarcomata of the extremities is fairly commous. 2. Invasion of peripheral nerves by soft-tissue sarcomata seems to be confined mainly to the epineural connective tissue; the nerve bundles and the perineurium apparently resist invasion. 3. Soft-tissue sarcomata that invade the epineural connective tissue of peripheral nerves may spread along this tissue. 4. In cases in which there is pathological involvement of the peripheral nerve by a soft-tissue sarcoma, there may or may not be associated symptoms and signs.
Legacies of Lead in Charm City’s Soil: Lessons from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study

Understanding the spatial distribution of soil lead has been a focus of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study since its inception in 1997. Through multiple research projects that span spatial scales and use different methodologies, three overarching patterns have been identified: (1) soil lead concentrations often exceed state and federal regulatory limits; (2) the variability of soil lead concentrations is high; and (3) despite multiple sources and the highly heterogeneous and patchy nature of soil lead, discernable patterns do exist. Specifically, housing age, the distance to built structures, and the distance to a major roadway are strong predictors of soil lead concentrations. Understanding what drives the spatial distribution of soil lead can inform the transition of underutilized urban space into gardens and other desirable land uses while protecting human health. A framework for management is proposed that considers three factors: (1) the level of contamination; (2) the desired land use; and (3) the community's preference in implementing the desired land use. The goal of the framework is to promote dialogue and resultant policy changes that support consistent and clear regulatory guidelines for soil lead, without which urban communities will continue to be subject to the potential for lead exposure.
Evaluating a Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for the Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Obesity

The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing at an alarming rate. In the past 30 years, the percentage of overweight children has more than tripled (National Center for Health Statistics, 2002). This increase is seen in both sexes and in children of all ages, with Mexican-, African-, and Native-American children disproportionately affected (Dietz, 2004). Effective weight control treatments are needed to address this national health-care priority and serious public health concern (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2003; Healthy People, 2010).
WATER STIMULATES SPHAEROTHECA

SUMMARY When mildew-inoculated cucumber leaves (Sphaerotheca fuliginea on Cucumis sativus var. Ashley) were immersed in water for 1 sec to 20 h at 0 to 80 h after inoculation, and then returned to standard greenhouse conditions, the mildew covered the leaf sooner, sporulated sooner and produced more conidia than control unwetted leaves. If immersion was for 20 to 50 h duration, there was usually no consistent increase or decrease in mildew development. Immersions of 50-70 h were usually inhibitory to the mildew, but not injurious to the host. Immersions of more than 70 h were usually lethal to the mildew, and immersions of more than 100 h were injurious to the leaves. Spraying inoculated leaves with water at low impact pressure also increased mildew, but at high impact pressure it prevented infection or cured infected plants. Powdery mildews of bean, barley, dock and zinnia were similarly tolerant of water, but were not clearly stimulated by water.
Abstract 252: Evaluating the role of STK33 kinase in mutant KRAS cells

Tumors harboring KRAS mutations remain an elusive target for oncology therapeutics. A recent publication (Scholl et al 2009) described a high throughput cellular RNAi screen which suggested a synthetic lethal relationship between STK33 and mutant KRAS. STK33 is a member of the calcium/calmodulin kinase family with a poorly characterized function. Although no genetic alterations in the STK33 gene have been reported in cancer, inhibiting STK33 kinase activity could offer a novel therapeutic approach to target mutant KRAS tumors. Thus, we sought to validate whether the survival of cancer cell lines with mutant KRAS is dependent on STK33, in parallel with a program to identify small molecule inhibitors of STK33 (Zhang Y et al AACR 2011). We focused on mutant KRAS leukemia cells because of their reported dependence on STK33. Using a panel of siRNA, 50-80% knockdown of STK33 at the RNA and protein level was achieved in NOMO-1KRASG13D and SKM-1KRASK117N cells. However we did not observe any alteration in cell viability. In addition, putative STK33 downstream signaling, (phosphorylation of p70 S6K thr389 and RPS6 ser235/236) was unaltered by modulation of STK33 expression. In contrast, knockdown of KRAS caused a significant reduction in both viability and signaling in these cell lines, confirming their dependence on KRAS. A panel of 27 cancer cell lines was screened with an siRNA library representing 1500 druggable genes. STK33 siRNA had no significant effect on viability regardless of KRAS mutational status. As expected, knockdown of KRAS significantly reduced cell viability, especially in mutant KRAS cells. A kinase dead mutant STK33 was used to test the dependence on STK33 kinase activity in mutant KRAS cell lines. Transient over-expression of kinase dead STK33 in PANC-1KRASG12D and DLD-1KRASG13D cells had no effect on viability, nor on the phosphorylation of p70 S6K thr389 and RPS6 ser235/236. In summary we have been unable to confirm a synthetic lethal relationship between STK33 and KRAS. Our data do not support inhibition of STK33 as a promising therapeutic approach for targeting mutant KRAS tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 252. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-252
Regulation of Terpenoid Biosynthesis in Higher Plants

Consider the following general facts in relation to the need for regulation of the pathways for biosynthesis of terpenoid compounds in higher plants. Higher plants produce a wide array of terpenoid compounds including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes and sterols, tetraterpenoid carotenes and xanthophylls, long-chain polyprenyls, and mixed terpenoids that contain an isoprenoid moiety as an integral part of their structures. A single plant species may produce many terpenoid substances including representatives from most or all of these groups. Some terpenoids, such as sterols, gibberellins, carotenes, and the chlorophyll pigments with their polyprenyl side-chains, presumably are produced in all higher green plants. Other terpenoids are formed much more selectively by a few species. Some terpenoids are produced in large quantities and others only in traces.
Interpretation on the Lucky and Motto Seal of Qin Dynasty

Qin dnasty seal incloding office seal and personal seal.Seal acted as proof of people dealt social relation and government porformed power. The lucky and motto seal had not the function of proof.The thesis studyes textual and distinguishing according to the content of Qin dynasy seal,and inerprises the thought what the seal implicated.
Research on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Hot Rolled Ti-microalloyed TRIP Steel

A Ti-microalloyed TRIP steel was selected,and the continuous cooling transformation curve was measured.The microstructures and mechanical properties of steels were investigated at different rolling and cooling processes.The results show that the austenite/ferrite and austenite/martensite transformation temperature are at about 500-650℃ and 450℃,respectively.The microstructure of steel is composed of ferrite/bainite and a small amount of retained austenite.The yield strength and tensile strength of steel decrease with the increasing of finish rolling temperature.The yield strength of steel decreases with the decreasing of air cooling end temperature.When the finish rolling and air cooling end temperature are 796℃ and 722℃,respectively,and the yield strength,tensile strength and the product of strength and elongation of the steel are 661,888 MPa and 25042MPa·%,respectively.The microstructure is consisted of fine ferrite and lath bainite,and a large number of fine precipitates presents on the ferrite matrix.
von Willebrand disease in the RIIIS/J mouse is caused by a defect outside of the von Willebrand factor gene [published erratum appears in Blood 1995 Sep 15;86(6):2461]

An animal model for human type I von Willebrand disease (vWD) has been previously described in the inbred mouse strain RIIIS/J. Murine vWD is characterized by a prolonged bleeding time, normal von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimer distribution, autosomal dominant inheritance, and proportionately decreased plasma vWF antigen, ristocetin cofactor, and factor VIII (FVIII) activities. To study the molecular genetics of murine vWD, a portion of the vWF gene surrounding exon 28 was cloned, sequenced, and used to develop two informative DNA sequence polymorphisms for rapid genotyping by DNA polymerase chain reaction. RIIIS/J mice were crossed with PWK/Ph mice, an inbred line of Mus musculus musculus, and the F1 progeny backcrossed to the parental PWK/Ph strain. vWF antigen levels in F1 mice were not significantly different from the parental RIIIS/J strain but were markedly decreased compared with the parental PWK/Ph mice. Genetic linkage analysis of 104 backcross progeny showed no correlation between vWF antigen level and vWF genotype. These data indicate that murine vWD is caused by a defect at a novel genetic locus, distinct from the murine vWF gene. The distribution of vWF antigen levels among backcross progeny suggests the presence of one major dominant vWD gene in the RIIIS/J mouse with possible modifying contributions from one or more additional minor loci. These observations may provide new insights into the molecular basis and variable expressivity of human vWD.
RELATOS DE EXPERIENCIA, EN BUSCA DE UN SABER PEDAGÓGICO

Nuestro oficio educativo, como oficio de lo humano, puede ser origen de experiencia, si le prestamos atencion a lo que nos pasa y si lo elaboramos y expresamos de un modo apegado a lo vivido, esto es, como narracion. Pero como modo de indagacion, su proposito no acaba en el registro narrativo, sino que busca hacer visibles y pensables las cuestiones educativas que, a traves del narrar, se nos desvelan. Porque en gran medida, el saber pedagogico que necesitamos en tanto que educadores es un saber que pueda vincularse a lo vivido, que pueda nacer de la experiencia, para poder volver a lo que vivimos con mas sensibilidad, consciencia y apertura. Con este texto pretendo desarrollar pues estas ideas: que mediante relatos de experiencia indagamos en lo vivido, buscando luz para percibir con mas amplitud y orientarnos mejor en el camino de la educacion. Pero a la vez, quisiera tantear lo que el titulo tambien da a entender: quisiera esbozar algunos relatos de experiencia que me ayuden a exponer el sentido de una investigacion educativa preocupada por cultivar un saber pedagogico con el que vivirnos en la relacion educativa.
Mammography before and after bariatric surgery.

Abstract Background Morbidly obese women are at increased risk for breast cancer, and the majority of surgical weight-loss patients are older than 40 years old. Objective The purpose of the present study was to determine the technical and interpretive changes in mammography following bariatric surgery. Setting Accredited Academic Hospital. Methods Two breast-imaging radiologists reviewed screening mammograms performed on 10 morbidly obese women undergoing bariatric surgery both pre- and postoperatively. American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR BI-RADS) density, imaging quality measurements, compression force, breast thickness, pectoral nipple line (PNL) length, and x-ray beam kilovoltage (kVp) and miliamperes per second (mAs) were recorded. Results The average patient age was 56 years old, with mean age at menarche of 13 years old; 70% of patients were postmenopausal (average age 49 years at menopause) and 50% had a family history of breast cancer. There was a significant reduction in both BMI (-13.2 kg/m 2 , P P P = .002). Conclusion Morbidly obese women can undergo quality mammograms before and after bariatric surgery; however, weight loss after bariatric surgery leads to only slightly denser mammograms. Furthermore, weight loss reduces mammographic radiation doses.
Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosis Timing, Ambulatory ECG Monitoring Utilization, and Risk of Recurrent Stroke

Background—The risk of recurrence after an initial ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) may be impacted by undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF). We therefore assessed the impact of AF...
Soft-Switched Modulation Techniques for an Isolated Bidirectional DC–AC

Two carrier-based unipolar-sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM)-oriented modulation techniques for an isolated bidirectional dc–ac converter are proposed, compared, and validated in this paper. The dc–ac converter is composed of a full-bridge (FB) inverter cascaded with a cycloconverter through a high-frequency transformer. Both modulation techniques proposed in this paper can realize zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for the FB inverter and zero-current switching or ZVS for the cycloconverter in all load range, and are able to suppress the voltage spikes introduced by the transformer leakage inductance as well. In order to increase the converter efficiency and power density, we propose to utilize SiC MOSFETs for the converter. The first modulation technique enables the utilization of Si-SiC hybrid switches with no synchronous rectification (SR), for the purpose of lowering the converter cost. The second modulation technique requires all switches to be SiC MOSFETs, but with SR, which increases the converter efficiency. A 400-V dc to 240-V ac 1.2-kW prototype has been developed to validate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed carrier-based unipolar-SPWM-oriented modulation techniques.
Studies on the liquid fluoride thorium reactor: Comparative neutronics analysis of MCNP6 code with SRAC95 reactor analysis code based on FUJI-U3-(0)

Abstract The verification for FUJI-U3-(0)—a molten salt reactor—was performed. The reactor used LiF-BeF2-ThF4-UF4 as the mixed liquid fuel salt, and the core was graphite moderated. The MCNP6 code was used to study the reactor physics characteristics for the FUJI-U3-(0) reactor. Results for reactor physics characteristic of the FUJI-U3-(0) exist in literature, which were used as reference. The reference results were obtained using SRAC95 (a reactor analysis code) coupled with ORIGEN2 (a depletion code). Some modifications were made in the reconstruction of the FUJI-U3-(0) reactor in MCNP due to unavailability of more detailed description of the reactor core. The assumptions resulted in two representative models of the reactor. The results from the MCNP6 models were compared with the reference results obtained from literature. The results were comparable with each other, but with some notable differences. The differences are because of the approximations that were done on the SRAC95 model of the FUJI-U3 to simplify the simulation. Based on the results, it is concluded that MCNP6 code predicts well the overall simulation of neutronics analysis to the previous simulation works using SRAC95 code.
Diffusion of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Medicare population, 2007-2009.

7575 Background: Although the standard of care for early stage NSCLC is surgery, SBRT has emerged as an alternative for elderly patients who refuse surgery or are medically inoperable. As patterns ...
EU Policies towards Egypt: The Civil Security Paradox

Can Egypt achieve economic and security-related stability without first achieving some sort of political and civil control? While many regional and international actors seem convinced that it can be done, this essay argues that stability in post-revolution Egypt is only possible by empowering civilian and political actors in cooperation with military and security establishments. Based on an analysis of Egyptian civil security relations, it shall be shown that the prioritising of economic and security sector solutions over political reforms has led to a dysfunctional system and a vicious cycle of political violence, economic hardships and security failures. In consideration of ways forward, the essays end with policy recommendations for the EU and other international actors in their approach towards Egypt.
Astrocyte-enriched feeder layers from cryopreserved cells support differentiation of spontaneously active networks of human iPSC-derived neurons.

Abstract Background Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neuronal cultures are a useful tool for studying the mechanisms of neurological disorders and developing novel therapeutics. While plating hiPSC-derived neuronal progenitors onto glial feeder layers prepared from rodent cortex has been reported to promote functional differentiation of neuronal networks, this has not been examined in detail. New method Here we describe a method of using cryopreserved cells from primary cultures for generation of mouse astrocyte-enriched, neuron-free feeder layers that grow from 10% to 100% confluence in 1 week. Results Electrophysiological analysis demonstrated that compared to biochemical substrates alone, astrocyte-enriched feeder layers support more rapid differentiation of hiPSC-derived progenitors into excitable neurons that form spontaneously active networks in culture. There was a positive correlation between the degree of astroglial confluence at the time of progenitor plating and the average frequency of postsynaptic currents 3 weeks after plating. One disadvantage to plating on 100% confluent feeder layers was a high incidence of the astroglial layer with the overlying neurons detaching from the coverslips during transfer to the recording chamber. Comparison with existing method(s) Prevailing methods using primary glial feeder layers can result in possible contamination with rodent neurons and an unpredictable rate of growth. We provide a reliable method of generating mouse astroglial feeder layers from cryopreserved primary cultures to support differentiation of hiPSC-derived neurons. Conclusions The ability to make astrocyte-enriched feeder layers of defined confluence from cryopreserved primary cultures will facilitate the use of human stem cell derived neuronal cultures for disease modeling.
THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

This chapter discusses the second law of thermodynamics. The second law is of importance because the conversion of heat into work is a matter of vital importance to technology. The chapter describes heat engines. The Carnot cycle is the most efficient type of cyclic process for converting heat into work. A heat engine that uses the Carnot cycle provides a standard of comparison for all heat engines. A heat engine extracts heat from a high-temperature reservoir, converts part of it into work, and ejects the remaining heat to a low-temperature reservoir. However, a refrigerator is a device that extracts heat from a low-temperature reservoir, has positive work performed on it by the environment, and ejects heat at a higher temperature. The Carnot cycle defines the Kelvin temperature scale, an absolute scale that is independent of the materials used to construct a thermometer. The chapter presents the Kelvin and Clausius statements of the second law of thermodynamics and shows their equivalence. It also describes how the second law of thermodynamics can be stated in terms of entropy changes.
Achieving superresolution with illumination-enhanced sparsity

Recent advances in superresolution fluorescence microscopy have been limited by a belief that surpassing two-fold resolution enhancement of the Rayleigh resolution limit requires stimulated emission or the fluorophore to undergo state transitions. Here we demonstrate a new superresolution method that requires only image acquisitions with a focused illumination spot and computational post-processing. The proposed method utilizes the focused illumination spot to effectively reduce the object size and enhance the object sparsity and consequently increases the resolution and accuracy through nonlinear image post-processing. This method clearly resolves 70nm resolution test objects emitting ~530nm light with a 1.4 numerical aperture (NA) objective, and, when imaging through a 0.5NA objective, exhibits high spatial frequencies comparable to a 1.4NA widefield image, both demonstrating a resolution enhancement above two-fold of the Rayleigh resolution limit. More importantly, we examine how the resolution increases with photon numbers, and show that the more-than-two-fold enhancement is achievable with realistic photon budgets.
Microbiology terms applied to food safety

Living organisms are broadly classified as prokaryotes and eukaryotes. All bacteria are unicellular and are prokaryotes. They are grouped as either Gram-positives or Gram-negatives based on their cell wall’s capacity to retain crystal violet dye. Gram-positive bacteria retain the dye, whereas Gram-negatives do not. Normally in foods, there exists a mixed population of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and molds. Among the microorganisms, bacteria are the most commonly implicated in foodborne outbreaks. Foodborne diseases can be classified into infections, intoxications, and toxicoinfections. Some bacteria are often used as indicators of possible food contamination. Their presence in food or water indicates the potential presence of pathogens. Several intrinsic and extrinsic factors determine the growth of microorganisms in foods. Although a number of bacterial species encountered in foods are either spoilage or pathogenic organisms, there are several others that are beneficial to food.
Internationale Markteintrittsstrategie für deutsche Lebensversicherer

Zur Jahresmitte 2009 sind insgesamt 629 Versicherungsunternehmen bei der Bundesanstalt fur Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht BaFin registriert: Sach- und Schadenversicherer, Ruckversicherer, Pensions- und Sterbekassen sowie Pensionsfonds und 94 Lebensversicherer.
Synthesis of YBa2Cu3O7−x fibers from an organic acid solution

A process has been developed for the synthesis of YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{ital x}} superconducting fibers from an organic acid precursor solution. Through rheology measurements on a series of precursor solutions, the molecular structure was determined, and subsequently controlled to allow for fiber drawing. For solutions with a viscosity {ge}10 poise, fibers of 1 to 2 m length and 50--100 {mu}m diameter can be hand drawn at {approx}80 {degree}C. Processing methods were developed to circumvent deformation of the thermoplastic fibers during heating, and to minimize BaCO{sub 3} formation during decomposition. Fibers sintered at 850 {degree}C for 1 h, followed by annealing at 500 {degree}C for 4 h in O{sub 2} were fully dense, consisted of submicron grains, and were superconducting.
Standardization of Marine Geotechnics Symbols, Definitions, Units, and Test Procedures

The ONR Seminar-Workshop participants approved selected symbols taken from the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering source book of symbols and definitions. A synopsis of applicable SI units in marine geotechnics is made from the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the U. S. National Bureau of Standards guides; relevant conversion formulas from old metric and U. S. customary units to SI units are presented. ASTM tests and recommended test modifications applicable to marine soils are summarized. Commonly used non-ASTM-approved laboratory and field tests are listed, together with selected references to the literature describing each test. Recommendations are made for the effective use of symbols, definitions, units, and test procedures in marine geotechnics.
Microseparation of glycogen, sugars, and lipids

Abstract A procedure for the separation of glycogen, sugars, and lipids is described for use of milligram amounts of tissue containing at least 10 μg of each of the components. Lipids are extracted with chloroform-methanol; subsequently, sugars are extracted with 66% ethanol while glycogen remains adsorbed on sodium sulfate. Sugar extracted along with lipids is re-extracted with water and added to the sugar fraction.
Mechanical properties of the hexagonal boron nitride monolayer: Ab initio study

Abstract Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations we found that hexagonal boron nitride monolayer (h-BN) shows a non-linear elastic deformation up to an ultimate strength followed by a strain softening to the failure. To develop a continuum based model for such non-linear behavior, we proposed a method to study high order elastic constants of the 2D hexagonal structures. The continuum description of the elastic properties of monolayer h-BN is obtained using this method through ab initio density functional theory. This rigorous continuum description of the elastic response is formulated by expanding the elastic strain energy density in a Taylor series in strain truncated after the fifth-order term. we obtained a total of fourteen non-zero independent elastic constants for up to tenth-order tensor.
Methods for Labeling Skeletal Muscle Ion Channels Site-Specifically with Fluorophores Suitable for FRET-Based Structural Analysis

Skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling is triggered by the concerted action of two enormous Ca(2+) channel complexes, the dihydropyridine receptor and the type 1 ryanodine receptor. Recent advances in our understanding of the structure of these large Ca(2+) channels have been driven by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based analysis. A methodological challenge in conducting these FRET measurements is the ability to site-specifically label these huge ion channels with donor and acceptor fluorophores capable of undergoing energy transfer. In this chapter, we detail specific protocols for tagging large membrane proteins with these fluorescent probes using three orthogonal labeling methods: fluorescent protein fusions, biarsenical reagents directed to engineered tetracysteine tags, and Cy3/5 nitrilotriacetic acid conjugates that bind to poly-histidine tags.
Antibiotic Production by ErwiniaCarotovora Subsp. Betavasculorum: Partial ‘in Vitro’ Characterization and Evidence for Activity in Potato Tubers

Erwiniacarotovora subsp. betavasculorum (ECB-P) strains produced a low molecular weight, proteinaceous, bactericidal antibiotic in vitro. The antibiotic was produced on a wide array of solid culture media including minimal medium, nutrient agar, Luria agar, potato agar, Miller-Schroth medium and crystal violet pectate medium. Optimum antibiotic production on nutrient agar occurred at temperatures ranging from 21C to 28C. Antibiotic activity was not detected when ECB-P was incubated anaerobically on nutrient agar or aerobically in shake or static nutrient or potato broth culture. The antibiotic inhibited a wide variety of microorganisms in vitro including members of the following genera: All Erwinia spp. tested, Escherichia, Corynebacterium, Agrobacterium, Pseudomonas and Pythium. Forty-eight strains of E. carotovora subsp. carotovora (ECC) and subsp. atroseptica were screened for antibiotic sensitivity and 3 ECC resistant strains were identified. Correlations were observed with in vitro antibiotic production and competitive colonization of potato tuber wounds. Equal numbers of ECB-P (nalR rifS) antibiotic producer, and ECC-S (nalS riR) sensitive or ECC-R (nalS rifR) resistant strains were inoculated into whole potato tuber wounds singly and in combination (1x00D7;106 CFU/tuber). Tubers were incubated at 24C under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Strain ECB-P was inhibitory to ECC-S in mixed inoculations of aerobic tuber wounds.
The clinical diagnosis and classification of premenstrual changes

Recent interest in premenstrual changes and increasing referrals for treatment when such is warranted, bring to focus the need for accurate definition of the problem and a reliable procedure for clinical and research assessments of premenstrual phenomena. A definition is suggested and the steps taken to establish the diagnosis of the various premenstrual subtypes are described. The suggested classification may contribute to differential treatment modalities for each subtype.