cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Article Alerts: Items from 2012.

This seventh installment of "Article Alerts" includes a print component with 200 methodological articles about research synthesis published in 2012. More than 800 dissertations and theses have been added to the archive component since the preceding installment. Also since that installment, the parent compilation from which the print and archive components are built has more than doubled and now contains nearly 26 000 items.
Nanoscale considerations responsible for diverse macroscopic phase behavior in monosubstituted isobutyl-POSS/poly(ethylene oxide) blends

Nanocomposites prepared by incorporating functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) into polymer matrices afford a wide range of versatile hybrid materials for use in technologies ranging from cosmetics and pharmaceuticals to sensors and batteries. Here, we investigate the phase behavior of nanocomposites composed of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and monosubstituted isobutyl POSS (iPOSS) modified with different functional moieties. Microscopic analyses of blends containing these iPOSS variants reveal the existence of different macroscopic morphologies and surface topologies. In the presence of octa-iPOSS, a POSS-rich surface cell motif reminiscent of breath patterns develops, whereas addition of allyl-iPOSS promotes the formation of surface plates. While aminopropyl-iPOSS forms dispersed aggregates, maleamic acid-iPOSS disperses in PEO with little effect on PEO crystal morphology. We perform rotational isomeric state Monte Carlo simulations to discern the effect of monosubstitution on the interaction energy between iPOSS and PEO, and establish the molecular-level origin for these observed differences in phase behavior.
"Take your time, then follow your heart:" Previvors' advice for communicating about family planning after testing positive for a BRCA genetic variant

Introduction The purpose of this study was to identify previvors' strategies for communicating about family planning after testing positive for a variant of the "breast cancer gene" (BRCA). Method Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 women currently in committed romantic relationships, but who had not yet completed family planning upon finding out about their BRCA mutation status. Results Data analysis produced three categories of participant advice given to newly diagnosed previvors. Participants advised the following: (a) the importance of engaging in two-way dialogue with their partners/spouses across the life span of the partnership, (b) seeking information on new technologies and information regarding family-planning and genetic-cancer-prevention decision-making, as well as recognizing where to go for different support needs, and (c) managing and acknowledging emotions surrounding their BRCA-related health decisions. Discussion Previvors who have already had family-planning and genetic-cancer-risk conversations had important advice for newly diagnosed previvors. Practical advice for starting and managing conversations with partners/spouses, family members, and friends are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
ON THE n-KKM PRINCIPLE FOR ABSTRACT CONVEX SPACES

In this paper, we review some works of Kulpa et al. closely related to our KKM theory. In fact, we show that their L* -spaces are particular to our partial KKM spaces. We introduce new n -KKM spaces and show that L*_ n -spaces of Kulpa et al. are particular to our partial n -KKM spaces. Some related results are also given.
Fitbit step counts during inpatient recovery from cancer surgery as a predictor of readmission.

Background Postoperative ambulation is encouraged to promote timely recovery but is rarely monitored objectively or examined as a predictor of clinical outcomes, despite growing availability of wearable devices that allow passive quantification and remote real-time monitoring of the number of steps taken during recovery. Purpose To determine whether the number of steps taken during inpatient recovery predicts 30- and 60-day readmission risk after metastatic cancer surgery. Methods Patients diagnosed with metastatic peritoneal cancer and scheduled for surgical resection were enrolled in this observational cohort study at their preoperative clinic visit. Fitbits were placed on patients' wrists upon transfer from the ICU following surgery and worn for the duration of their inpatient stay. Information about hospital readmission was extracted from electronic medical records. Results Seventy-one patients participated in the study (mean age = 57.14, range = 31-80 years; 42% female; 51% diagnosed with appendiceal cancer). Mean steps per day were calculated for each participant over the entire inpatient recovery period (mean stay = 12.12 days, 4-37 days). Readmission within 30 and 60 days was medically indicated for 34% and 39% of patients, respectively. After statistically adjusting for age, body mass index, comorbidity, and length of postoperative stay, higher mean steps per day predicted lower 30-day and 60-day readmission risk. Conclusions Higher Fitbit step counts during inpatient recovery predicted lower risk of 30- and 60-day readmission after surgery for metastatic peritoneal cancer. Results suggest that passively monitoring perioperative ambulation may identify patients at risk for readmission and highlight opportunities for behavioral intervention.
Generational Research and Advertising to Millennials

Recently, in doing some media around Super Bowl advertising, a newspaper reporter asked me about the types of advertising that tend to resonate with millennials. Therefore, I did the usual searches...
The trade-off between molt and parental care in Hooded Warblers: Simultaneous rectrix molt and uniparental desertion of late-season young.

ABSTRACT Temporal overlap between parental care and molt occurs frequently in birds, but few studies have examined how individuals manage conflicts between these 2 demanding phases of the annual cycle. The potential for trade-offs between molt and parental care is especially high in the Hooded Warbler (Setophaga citrina) because (1) all rectrices are replaced simultaneously during primary molt, leaving birds temporarily without a functional tail; and (2) the tail plays an important role in foraging, as birds use their white tail spots and tail-flicking behavior to startle insect prey. I examined how simultaneous rectrix molt affected late-season parental care in a color-banded population of Hooded Warblers in northwest Pennsylvania, USA. Of 62 adults initiating rectrix molt before the end of parental care, 43 (69%) deserted their late-season nestlings and fledglings, leaving the mate to provide all remaining parental care. Because females initiate rectrix molt significantly later than males, most instance...
Use of a board game format to promote interprofessional learning

Abstract Interprofessional learning is a fundamental component of healthcare education. In order to promote interprofessional competency, students must understand the roles and responsibilities of the team members. Through the use of an interprofessional board game, the researchers were able to improve student perceptions of learning in the areas of teamwork and interprofessional roles. Significant differences in student perceptions pre and post-game play were noted in the areas of knowledge of roles, requirements for practice of various professions such as licensure, certification, continuing education, and support of other professions. The board game format was readily accepted and provided an adaptable method for introducing, evaluating, and reinforcing concepts related to interprofessional education.
On Ethics and Responsibilities

This chapter is being included for several reasons. First off, books such as this one (i.e., those that focus on content areas) rarely include descriptions of the various behaviors associated with, or required by, the practical application of the processes involved. Of course, when engaged to carry out an evaluative task, the professional forensic phonetician practically always will be asked for some sort of report and, in perhaps 20–30% of the cases, he or she will be requested or required to testify in a court of law. Hence, I feel some responsibility to review the dimensions of these activities—just as I touched on report writing on several occasions. Second, although the content of this book is but an introduction to the area of forensic phonetics and not designed to turn the reader into an operating professional, you may have some questions about the proper application of ethics as they relate to the forensic milieu, the process of testifying as an expert witness, and so on. The comments to follow and, especially, the references listed should either answer these questions or lead you to sources that do.
Role of Genetic Susceptibility in the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Objective To assess heritable contributions to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) risk in a twin cohort restricted to gestational age at birth Study design A total of 250 twin pairs (192 dichorionic, 58 monochorionic) born Results χ2 analyses comparing whether neither, 1, or both of monochorionic (23, 19, 16) and dichorionic (88, 56, 48) twin pairs developed BPD revealed no difference. Although there was similarity in BPD outcome within both monochorionic and dichorionic twin pairs by ICC (monochorionic ICC = 0.34, 95% CI [0.08, 0.55]; dichorionic ICC = 0.39, 95% CI [0.25, 0.51]), monochorionic twins were not more likely than dichorionic twins to have the same outcome (P = .70). ACE modeling revealed no contribution of heritability to BPD risk (% A = 0.0%, 95% CI [0.0%, 43.1%]). Validation and zygosity based cohort results were similar. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that heritability is not a major contributor to BPD risk in preterm infants
Exploring Linguistic and Graph Based Features for the Automatic Classification and Extraction of Adverse Drug Effects

Adverse drug effects (ADEs) are known to be one of the leading causes of post-therapeutic death. Thus, their identification constitutes an important challenge as the effects of ADEs are often underreported. However, the recent popularity of different social media sources has make it a promising source for ADE extraction. In this paper, we have explored different linguistic and graph topological features to automatically classify short sentences or tweets into ADEs or Non-ADEs. We have further represented the ADE knowledge base into an bipartite network structure of drugs and their side effects to model drug-side effect relationships. The proposed model can also be used to discover implicit ADEs that are not represented in the source data. We have evaluated our proposed models with two openly available ADE dataset. Our evaluation results shows that the proposed model have surpasses the performance of the existing baseline systems.
Practical tips to establish an actionable science portfolio for climate adaptation

The delivery of climate adaptation science products and services to inform resource management decisions—otherwise known as actionable climate adaptation science—is the primary driver and intended outcome of the science portfolios administered within the Department of the Interior's Climate Adaptation Science Center (CASC) network in the USA. This commitment hinges on the essential requirement that natural and cultural resource managers (science users) and scientists (science producers) work in unison with one another. This partnership may be illustrated by the conventional demand and supply relationship, where resource managers create the demand term by explicitly describing a priori top decisions or priority actions concerning the natural or cultural resources they administer, and scientists supply relevant research products and services. But an ideal interaction of users and producers is not trivial and presents challenges in the process of establishing an actionable science portfolio. A few practical suggestions are presented here to set up a productive dialogue between resource managers and scientists, and broker that conversation as they work side-by-side toward agreed-upon common objectives. These useful tips stem from working towards the goal of establishing actionable science portfolios within the CASC network and may prove valuable to similar entities committed to delivering climate adaptation science to address resource management concerns.
Advances in Analyzing and Measuring Dynamic Economic Resilience

This chapter places into the broader context of an analytical framework recent research findings and policy initiatives relating to dynamic economic resilience, which is usually defined as speeding up and/or shortening the duration of recovery from disasters. Our purpose is to offer insights into the operation and implications of both of these innovations. The first pertains to research that indicates that accelerating the pace of economic recovery has much greater potential for reducing disaster losses than does compressing its duration. The second pertains to supplementing the constructing and protecting of the built environment with the resilience strategy of embedding ways of repairing and reconstructing it more quickly in the aftermath of a disaster. We first provide a context for the analysis. We next explain why the standard definition of dynamic economic resilience should be augmented to consider the entire time-path of recovery. We then explain the concept of inherent dynamic economic resilience and indicate how both innovations help clarify its definition. We conclude with an outline of our ongoing research to measure dynamic economic resilience.
3d-Metal Induced Magnetic Ordering on U(IV) Atoms as a Route toward U(IV) Magnetic Materials.

Uranium(IV) 5f2 magnetism is dominated by a transition from a triplet to a singlet ground state at low temperatures. For the first time, we achieved magnetic ordering of U(IV) atoms in a complex fluoride through the incorporation of 3d transition metal cations. This new route allowed us to obtain an unprecedented series of U(IV) ferrimagnetic materials of the new composition Cs2MU3F16 (M = Mn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+), which were comprehensively characterized with respect to their structural and magnetic properties. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed ferromagnetic-like phase transitions at temperatures of ∼14.0, 3.5, and 4.8 K for M = Mn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+, respectively. The transition is not observed when the magnetic M cations are replaced by a diamagnetic cation, Zn2+. Neutron diffraction measurements revealed the magnetic moments of 0.91(6)–1.97(3) μB on the U atoms, which are only partially compensated by antiparallel moments of 1.53(14)–3.26(5) μB on the 3d cations. This arrangement promotes supp...
Rethinking Assessment of Student Clinician Learning: A Collaborative Faculty Effort

Purpose This article describes a collaborative clinical faculty effort to develop and pilot observation-based formative assessment tools for faculty use during clinical supervision. The purposes of...
Determining Rheumatology Patient Interest in a Group Strength Training Program - Results of an Exercise Survey.

Background Exercise has proven benefits in rheumatologic disease including reducing inflammation and improving symptoms. A Group Strength Training (GST) program design has improved adherence to exercise in primary care patients but the effect is unknown in rheumatology patients. We examined the interest of rheumatology patients with different diagnoses and the effect of comorbidities in pursuing an organized GST program. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of patients from a rheumatology practice in central Pennsylvania in February and April 2017. This survey assessed self-reported interest of patients in a GST program in addition to demographics, comorbidities, and quality of life measures. Primary care data from a previous survey were used for comparative analysis for the primary outcome: interest in a GST program. Results Fifty percent of rheumatology patients were interested in a GST program and there was no difference of interest compared to primary care patients (X2 = 2.04, p = 0.15). There was no difference in interest in a GST program for rheumatology patients with poor health compared to patients with good health (OR = 0.9, p = 0.8). Female patients were more interested in a group strength training program than male patients (OR = 3.7, p = 0.001). Patients with a BMI of 25-30 (OR = 2.2, p = 0.04) or > 30 (OR = 1.7, p = 0.12) were more interested compared to those with a normal BMI. There was no difference in interest in group strength training regardless of rheumatology diagnosis or comorbidities. Conclusion Our data suggest that rheumatology patients are interested in a GST program regardless of disease, medical comorbidities, perceived mental or physical health, or education level. Further study is needed to determine the effects of GST on rheumatologic diseases.
Magnetic Transformations and Phase Diagrams

When magnetic phases are included on phase diagrams some unfamiliar features appear. Most magnetic transformations are not first-order phase transformations and therefore their depictions on phase diagrams do not have to follow the well-known construction requirements such as those based on the Gibbs Equilibrium Phase Rule. In particular, the transformation from a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase should be designated differently than those of the more widely known first-order transformations. The transformation curve (Curie curve) does not display a two-phase equilibrium: rather it shows the limit of stability of the disordered (paramagnetic) phase. In this paper, various examples of phase diagrams which include such transformations will be presented and discussed. The role of externally applied magnetic fields will be presented based on fundamental thermodynamic principles and the role that applied magnetic fields play in changing the degrees of freedom of systems (alloys) will be discussed.
Feeding Race: Eating Contests, the Black Body, and the Social Production of Group Boundaries through Amusement in Turn of the Twentieth Century America

Despite dating back to early America, eating contests have received little if any academic attention. The following socio-historical study seeks to rectify some of this ongoing neglect by investiga...
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF RADICAL TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION INTO THE NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Product developers are increasingly often faced with the decision of whether or not to adopt new technologies into their own new product development (NPD) processes. Adopting a resource-based persp...
Human mesenchymal stem cell sheets in xeno-free media for possible allogenic applications

Cell-based therapies are increasingly focused on allogeneic stem cell sources because of several advantages in eliminating donor variability (e.g., aging and disease pathophysiology) affecting stem cell quality and in cell-banked sourcing of healthy donors to enable “off-the-shelf” products. However, allogeneic cell therapy is limited by host patient immunologic competence and inconsistent performance due to cell delivery methods. To address allogeneic cell therapy limitations, this study developed a new allogeneic stem cell sheet using human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) that present low antigenicity (i.e., major histocompatibility complex, MHC). Optimal conditions including cell density, passage number, and culture time were examined to fabricate reliable hUC-MSC sheets. MHC II antigens correlated to alloimmune rejection were barely expressed in hUC-MSC sheets compared to other comparator MSC sheets (hBMSC and hADSC). hUC-MSC sheets easily graft spontaneously onto subcutaneous tissue in immune-deficient mice within 10 minutes of placement. No sutures are required to secure sheets to tissue because sheet extracellular matrix (ECM) actively facilitates cell-target tissue adhesion. At 10 days post-transplantation, hUC-MSC sheets remain on ectopic target tissue sites and exhibit new blood vessel formation. Furthermore, implanted hUC-MSC sheets secrete human HGF continuously to the murine target tissue. hUC-MSC sheets described here should provide new insights for improving allogenic cell-based therapies.
Prognostic significance of pulmonary function tests in dyskeratosis congenita, a telomere biology disorder.

Pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are known manifestations of dyskeratosis congenita (DC), a telomere biology disorder (TBD) and inherited bone marrow failure syndrome caused by germline mutations in telomere maintenance genes resulting in very short telomeres. Baseline pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and long-term clinical outcomes have not been thoroughly studied in DC/TBDs. In this retrospective study, 43 patients with DC and 67 unaffected relatives underwent baseline PFTs and were followed for a median of 8 years (range 1–14). Logistic regression and competing risk models were used to compare PFT results in relation to clinical and genetic characteristics, and patient outcomes. Restrictive abnormalities on spirometry and moderate-to-severe reduction in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide were significantly more frequent in patients with DC than relatives (42% versus 12%; p=0.008). The cumulative incidence of pulmonary disease by age 20 years was 55% in patients with DC with baseline PFT abnormalities compared with 17% in those with normal PFTs (p=0.02). None of the relatives developed pulmonary disease. X-linked recessive, autosomal recessive inheritance or heterozygous TINF2 variants were associated with early-onset pulmonary disease that mainly developed after haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Overall, seven of 14 patients developed pulmonary disease post-HCT at a median of 4.7 years (range 0.7–12). The cumulative incidence of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with heterozygous non-TINF2 pathogenic variants was 70% by age 60 years. Baseline PFT abnormalities are common in patients with DC and associated with progression to significant pulmonary disease. Prospective studies are warranted to facilitate clinical trial development for patients with DC and related TBDs.
Using Affect Awareness to Modulate Task Experience: A Study Amongst Pre-elementary School Kids.

Computing systems may record facts about users such as their click behaviors, their accuracies, and their rates of recurrence, and may then act on predictions of their behaviors and preferences. However, sequences of key presses and mouse movements do not capture their immediate desires and needs during a task. Affect-mediated systems, computing systems that adapt to the emotional state of users, can better respond to these momentary shifts in demand. This paper presents a study of how affect mediation can help improve a user's task performance. Designed as a children's game, our experimental system uses facial expressions to regress the user to an earlier, easier game phase according to perceived unease. Through experimentation with child participants, we found that children performed better with the affect-sensitive version of the game than with the non-affect-sensitive version. We hope these results will support the future design of affect-sensitive machines that can help users complete tasks.
Decolonizing education with Anishinaabe arcs: generative STEM as a path to indigenous futurity

This paper introduces a generative framework in which translations of Indigenous knowledge systems can expand student agency in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Students move from computer simulations to physical renderings, to repurposing STEM innovation and discovery in the service of Indigenous community development. We begin with the math and computing ideas in traditional Anishinaabe arcs; describe their translation into software and physical rendering techniques, and finally their workshop implementation with a mix of Native and non-Native students. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of pre-survey and post-survey data indicate increases in students’ understanding of Indigenous knowledge, their creative ability to utilize it in moving from algorithmic to physical designs, and their visions for new hybrid forms of Indigenous futurity. We use these findings to argue that culture-based education needs to shift from a vindicationist mode of admiring ancient achievements, to one that highlights students’ agency in a generative relationship with cultural knowledge.
Pricing Patients Out of Primary Care.

Ganguli and colleagues reported rates of primary care visits during 2008 to 2016 among 18- to 64-year-old members of a large, national, commercial insurer covering millions of Americans. The editor...
Gravitational Waves and Gravitational Wave Detectors

Just over 100 years ago, Albert Einstein published his General Theory of Relativity, which describes the interaction between matter, energy, space, and time and explains that the force of gravity is a result of the curvature of space and time (Einstein in Die feldgleichungen der gravitation. Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Sitzungsberichte, pp 844–847, (1915), [1]). Before Einstein’s revolutionary paper, our understanding of the cosmos was based on Newton’s law of gravity, which describes gravity as a force that acts instantaneously from a distance. Combined with his theory of special relativity, Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity completely redefined how we understand the universe. In order to test his hypothesis against the status quo of Newton’s gravity, Einstein made several predictions that would differentiate the two theories. Einstein’s theory correctly predicted the perihelion precession of Mercury’s orbit while Newton’s theory was unable to do so. Einstein also predicted the bending of light around massive objects such as stars.
A survey of current situation on control of iodine deficiency disorders in the high-risk areas of Gansu province from 2007 to 2009

Objective To investigate the control status of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in the highrisk areas of Gansu province,and to provide a scientific basis for development of effective preventive measures.Methods Twelve counties with high-risk areas of IDD in Gansu province were selected into the survey in 2007 -2009.All patients with suspected cretinism born after the first of January,1997 were enrolled in the study from the 12 counties.Meanwhile,three townships were chosen in each of the 12 counties,two villages were taken in each township,40 children aged 8 to 10 in each village primary school were selected to carry out thyroid examination by B-ultrasonography and palpation,urinary iodine(UI) test,and intelligence quotient(IQ) test; 30 women of childbearing age were selected in each village to fill in the questionnaire,and to test their urinary and salt iodine,and the local salt-related situation was investigated.Results In the 12 high-risk counties,7 were diagnosed as new cretinism cases from a total of 120 suspected cases of cretinism.The goiter rate of children aged 8 - 10 by Bultrasound was 6.8％(290/4281 ),5 counties had goiter rates higher than 5％,of which 3 counties had goiter rates higher than 10％.The average IQ of children was 82.38.The median urinary iodine(MUI) of children was 180.34 μg/L,the ratio of UI ＜ 50 μg/L was 11.0％(482/4383).The MUI of women of childbearing age was 175.91 μg/L,the ratio of UI ＜ 50 μg/L was 16.5％(126/762).MUI of women of childbearing age was less than 100.0 μg/L in Xiahe and Dongxiang counties,which were 95.24 μg/L and 66.30 μg/L,respectively.The coverage rate of iodized salt in 8 of the 12 counties was more than 95％,and that of the remaining four counties was ＜ 85％,of which the coverage rates of iodized salt were only 39.2％ (47/120)and 66.7％ (120/180),respectively,in Guanghe and Dongxiang counties.Fourteen point nine percent (206/1380) of the residents complained that iodized salt was not convenient to buy and 87.7％ (1210/1380) complained that the current price of these salts exceeded the accepted range.Only 29.9％(413/1380)of the housewives knew how to prevent IDD.Conclusions Impact factors of IDD in high-risk areas are widespread.The monitoring of IDD in high-risk areas should be strengthened.Effective measures should be taken to ensure adequate iodine nutrition of people at risk.At the same time,iodized salt-based comprehensive prevention measures should be strengthen and a long-term effective control strategy of IDD should be established. Key words: Iodine; Deficiency disorders; Goiter, endemic ; Urine; Salts
Synthetic (−)-pironetins cause cancer cell-specific apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos

3215 The natural product (-)-pironetin is a potent inducer of mitotic arrest, inhibits the growth of many cancer cell lines in culture and has moderate in vivo antitumor activity in the P388 leukemia model. With the exception of removal of a methyl group to give demethylpironetin, structural modifications have resulted in drastically reduced biological activity. In particular, the configuration at C7 and the presence of an α,β-unsaturated lactone appear to be essential for biological activity. Here we have synthesized (-)-pironetin analogs with modifications in the lactone ring and found that one of them, namely 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydropironetin, retained nanomolar growth inhibitory and mitosis-inducing activity in cultured cells. (-)-Pironetin and 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydropironetin arrested HeLa human cervical carcinoma and A549 human lung cancer cells, but not pre-crisis IMR-90 normal lung fibroblasts, in G2/M. Both compounds induced p53 nuclear accumulation and caspase cleavage in A549 but not in IMR-90 cells. These features were shared with the clinically used paclitaxel and vincristine but not with phenylarsine oxide, a non-specific cytotoxin. In a transgenic zebrafish model, the synthetic pironetins inhibited intersegmental blood vessel growth and prevented formation of the dorsal anastomotic longitudinal vessel. These results suggest that further evaluation of synthetic (-)-pironetins in mammalian cancer models is warranted. Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (CA78039, GM63151, and HD053287), and the American Cancer Society (RSG-00-025-04-CDD).
Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy and multiple organ failure in pheochromocytoma.

A 55-year-old Caucasian woman with no significant past medical history presented with chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, and nausea. Physical examination was notable for a blood pressur...
Just Let Me Sleep in: Identifying and Treating Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder in Adolescents

Individuals with delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) are unable to naturally fall asleep and awake at conventional times; for this reason, DSPD is often mistaken for insomnia. However, unlike many patients with insomnia, those with DSPD struggle to get up at appropriate times. DSPD is associated with school refusal, academic difficulties, and lower employment rate. DSPD in youth has prevalence as high as 16%, and is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders. Treatments include appropriate light exposure during the day, melatonin use, developing an evening routine that minimizes arousal-increasing activities, and gradually shifting sleep-wake times toward more functional ones.
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi-positive Blood cultures in Hospitalized Patients in a Multi-site Tertiary Center.

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus pettenkoferi (S.pettenkoferi), originally described in Germany in 2002 by Trulzsch et al, is a coagulase negative staphylococcus whose clinical relevance is yet to be determined. With about 10 case reports in the literature from several parts of the world, there is no data on S. pettenkoferi infection from the United States. This is a retrospective cohort study of 80 patients ≥ 18 years of age who had at least 1 S. pettenkoferi–positive blood culture, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight at a tertiary academic center in Detroit, Michigan. We describe the features of S. pettenkoferi-positive blood cultures in order to identify cases of true bacteremia. The mean age of the cohort was 66 ± 16 years and 1 out of 3 had immunosuppressing conditions. No case of true S.pettenkoferi bacteremia was identified. More studies are needed to determine its role as a pathogen in the United States.
Early outcomes of supratentorial cranial surgery for tumor resection in older patients.

Abstract With longevity increasing in the United States, more older individuals are presenting with supratentorial brain tumors. Despite improved perioperative management, there is persistent disparity in surgical resection rates among patients aged 65 years or older. We aim to assess the effects of advanced age (≥65 years) on 30-day outcomes in patients with supratentorial tumors who underwent craniotomy for supratentorial tumor resection. Data obtained in adults who underwent supratentorial tumor resections was extracted from the prospectively-collected American College of Surgeons: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP; 2012–2018) database. Using multivariate regression, we compared odds of major and minor complications; prolonged length-of-stay (LOS); discharge anywhere other than home; and 30-day readmission, reoperation, and mortality rates between patients aged 18–64 years (the control cohort) and those 65–74 years or ≥75 years of age. Of the 14,234 patients who underwent craniotomy for supratentorial tumors and met inclusion criteria, 30.7% were ≥65 years of age; 71.4% of these were 65–74 years and 28.6% were ≥75 years old. Compared to the control group, both older subpopulations had more medical comorbidities. Both older subgroups had increased odds of major complications and prolonged LOS relative to the control group. Older patients had greater odds of mortality at 30 days. Advanced age, defined as ≥65 years, was significantly associated with higher odds of complications, prolonged LOS, and mortality within the 30-day post- operative period after adjusting for potential confounders. Age is one important consideration when prospectively risk-stratifying patients to minimize and mitigate suboptimal perioperative outcomes.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute coronary syndromes.

Aim To assess the impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute coronary syndromes and on the delay from symptom onset to first medical contact among patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), as well as to investigate whether there were patient-related reasons related to COVID-19 for delaying first medical contact. Methods and results All patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the Geneva University Hospitals for acute coronary syndromes (ACS) during the first COVID-19 wave were compared with a control group consisting of all ACS patients who underwent PCI during the same period in 2019 and those treated in the period immediately preceding the pandemic. The primary outcome measure was the difference in the delay from symptom onset to first medical contact in the setting of STEMI between the COVID-19 period and the control period. Secondary outcome measures were the difference in ACS incidence and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patientsr decisions to call the emergency services, assessed using a questionnaire. Delay from symptom onset to first medical contact was longer among patients suffering from STEMI in the COVID-19 period compared with the control period (112 min vs 60 min, p = 0.049). The incidence rate of ACS was lower during the COVID-19 period (incidence rate ratio 0.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.449n0.905). ACS patients delayed their call to the emergency services mainly because of fear of contracting or spreading COVID-19 following hospital admission, as well as of adding burden to the healthcare system. Conclusion We observed prolonged delays from symptom onset to first medical contact and a decline in overall ACS incidence during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a higher threshold to call for help among ACS patients.
Phosphatic waste clay: Origin, composition, physicochemical properties, challenges, values and possible remedies – A review

Abstract The daily growing demand for critical materials has further highlighted the importance of secondary sources such as industrial waste streams. Waste clay, a phosphate ore process tailing, contains a remarkable amount of critical materials such as P and REEs so that comparing to different phosphate ore process streams, waste clay presents the highest concentration of REEs after phosphate rock. Due to the enormous volume of this waste accumulated in Florida to date, this reserve can satisfy a great portion of U.S. domestic demand for REEs, as an example. However, due to its troublesome nature, this reserve poses severe environmental problems along with economic loss. Two required attempts are the removal of extremely fine-sized clays, followed by the recovery of phosphate content, which can pave the path for the recovery of REE-bearing phases. Different possible remedies or combination of them have been considered by various research/ industrial trials, including froth flotation, selective-flocculation, floc-flotation, cycloning, gravity separation, magnetic separation, leaching, etc., most of which have shown no promising solution because of failing to address economic and of course environmental concerns. Moving from mostly chemical separation processes to the primarily physical/ physicochemical processes with low operational costs and environmental impacts could be a general solution. This requires detailed mineralogical and elemental characterization, physicochemical, rheological, electrochemistry, surface chemistry, crystal chemistry, solution chemistry, and quantum chemistry investigations on each single and then mixed-phase systems composing waste clay. Such insights can help develop the fundamental knowledge, upon which more versatile and efficient solutions can be established.
Electrochemistry of metal-metal bonded diruthenium complexes

Abstract This review summarizes the known electrochemistry of metal-metal bonded diruthenium complexes containing an air-stable Ru24+, Ru25+ or Ru26+ core or an in-situ generated Ru22+, Ru23+, Ru27+ or Ru28+ core with O,O' -, N,O - or N,N'- donor bridging ligands. The majority of published studies have been carried out in nonaqueous media and involved compounds with a Ru25+ oxidation state and four anionic “ap” or “DPhF”-type bridging ligands where ap and DPhF are the 2-anilinopyridinate and N,N’-diphenylformamidinate anions, respectively. The potentials and mechanisms of electron transfer depend in part upon the properties of the electrochemical solvent and in part upon properties of the compound, the most important of which are the initial oxidation state of the air-stable dimetal unit, the number and type of axial ligands and the type of anionic bridging ligands. The vast majority of redox processes described to date for these compounds involve electron addition or abstraction at the diruthenium core, but redox reactions involving the bridging ligands or other electroactive groups on the molecule have also been observed. In most cases, the redox reactions were reversible on the cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical timescale, thus enabling the in-situ generation of new compounds in both very low and high oxidation states with dimetal units ranging from Ru22+ to Ru28+.
The Black Panthers in the Midwest: The Community Programs and Services of the Black Panther Party in Milwaukee, 1966-1977

Introduction. 1. "Picking up the Gun' and Serving the People" 2. "To Serve and Protect" 3. "The Black Panther Party in Milwaukee: A Case Study" 4. "Providing for All" 5. "Leading by Example" 6. "Romanticizing the Past?". Conclusion. Epilogue. Appendix A: "The 10-Point Program of the Black Panther Party". Appendix B: "Rules of the Black Panther Party". Appendix C: "Membership of the Milwaukee Branch". Appendix D: "A Proposal of the Milwaukee Branch for Community Control of the Milwaukee Police Department". Appendix E: "A Sampling of Locations of Black Panther Party Community Programs Nationwide"
Criteria for Stochastic Models of Turbulent Diffusion

We have mentioned two criteria for stochastic Lagrangian models of turbulent diffusion: Durbin’s (1984) requirement that a Langevin model reduce to the diffusion equation and Thomson’s (1987) well-mixed criterion. It is appropriate at this point to review the several criteria that have been proposed. These were the subject of Thomson’s classic paper in which he considered the following five: 1) The well-mixed condition: If the particles of a tracer are initially well-mixed (in both position and velocity space) in a turbulent flow, will they remain so? 2) Is the small-time behavior of the velocity distribution of the particles from a point source correct? 3) Are the Eulerian equations derived from the Lagrangian model compatible with the true Eulerian equations? 4) Are the forward and reverse formulations of the dispersion consistent? 5) Does the model reduce to a diffusion equation as the Lagrangian timescale tends toward zero? Thomson showed in section 3 of his paper that a generalized version of criterion 1 is sufficient to ensure that criteria 2–5 are satisfied. Specifically, he proved mathematically that criteria 2–4 are equivalent to criterion 1 and that criterion 5 is a weaker condition than criterion 1. [We stated in section 6.3 that a model that satisfies criterion 5 does not necessarily satisfy criterion 1.] In the following chapter, we use material from Thomson’s sections 2–4 to expand upon his section 5 on the “simplest” solution for a Langevin model of nonstationary, inhomogeneous three-dimensional diffusion in Gaussian turbulence.
Is Word-Of-Mouth More Prevalent Among Males Or Females?

The present study identifies, measures, and compares differences in interpersonal communication patterns between men and women. 64 female college students and 52 male students participated in an experiment in which they simultaneously listened to a newly released instrumental record album and subsequently engaged in spontaneous word-of-mouth. 53 percent of the women initiated product related conversations compared with 44 percent of the men. The women averaged .97 contacts per participant, whereas the men averaged .92 contacts. 83 percent of the conversations originated by males were with other males, while 71 percent of the word-of-mouth initiated by females were with other females.
Classical Groups and Geometric Algebra

Permutation actions The basic linear groups Bilinear forms Symplectic groups Symmetric forms and quadratic forms Orthogonal geometry (char $F\not= 2$) Orthogonal groups (char $F \not= 2$), I $O(V)$, $V$ Euclidean Clifford algebras (char $F \not = 2$) Orthogonal groups (char $F \not = 2$), II Hermitian forms and unitary spaces Unitary groups Orthogonal geometry (char $F = 2$) Clifford algebras (char $F = 2$) Orthogonal groups (char $F = 2$) Further developments Bibliography List of notation Index.
Initial Experience with Novel Mobile Cardiac Outpatient Telemetry for Children and Adolescents with Suspected Arrhythmia

Objectives. To report use of a novel mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry (MCOT) system for evaluation of children and adolescents with suspected cardiac arrhythmia. Design. Prospective data collection and retrospective analysis. Setting. All patients who received MCOT from The Children's Hospital at the Cleveland Clinic between 1/14/04 and 2/12/05 were screened. Patients older than 21 years and those with previously documented arrhythmia were excluded. Patients. Fifty-nine consecutive MCOT studies were performed. Five patients met exclusion criteria leaving 54 subjects (mean age 12.4+/−4.5 years; range 3.2–19.7 years; 46% male) for inclusion. Interventions. The MCOT system (CardioNet, USA) consists of a 3-electrode, 2-channel sensor that transmits wirelessly to a portable monitor. Monitors continuously store, analyze, and transmit the electrocardiogram through cellular and land telephone networks to a central station. MCOT was performed for 9–32 consecutive days (mean 24.5+/−7.4). Results. Twenty-one subjects (39%) did not experience symptoms during MCOT, yielding a diagnostic rate of 61% (N = 33). Of the 33 diagnostic studies, 9% (N = 3; mean age 16.9+/−0.6 years; range 16.2–17.3 years; 1 male) showed supraventricular tachycardia and 9% (N = 3; mean age 11.1+/−2.7 years; range 8.2–13.5 years; 1 male) showed supraventricular or ventricular ectopy. Minor skin irritation at sites of electrode placement was the only complication of MCOT (N = 5). Conclusions. MCOT is safe and useful for evaluation of children and adolescents with suspected arrhythmia, providing a diagnosis in 61% of subjects. The diagnostic yield of MCOT was superior to that expected from traditional event and Holter monitors in this pediatric population.
CONCRETE-POLYMER COMPOSITES

Investigations of concrete-polymer composites have indicated that remarkable improvements in the structural and durability properties of concrete can be obtained by monomer impregnation and in-situ polymerization by either radiation or chemical-initiators. Improvements in compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of almost a factor of four times that of concrete have been obtained for samples containing 6 weight percent polymer. Significant improvements in durability were also noted. Methyl methacrylate-impregnated specimens have not failed after exposures of > 1 yr to sulfate brines and 15% hydrochloric acid. Exposure to 5,120 cycles of freezing and thawing has resulted in essentially no attack.
A comparison of the effects of physical and mental practice in learning a motor skill.

Abstract This study sought to determine the relative effectiveness of mental and physical practice upon the learning of a selected motor skill, and the possible differential effects of mental practice during different stages of the learning period. Ninety-three male volunteers were used as subjects. They were randomly assigned to the following five treatment conditions: control, mental practice, physical practice, mental-physical practice, and physical-mental practice. Practice consisted of throwing rubber balls at a target from a distance of 15 ft. The practice periods lasted for 18 days. Initial and final tests were administered to determine the increase in skill. Data, which consisted of gain scores, were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results indicated that the only significant improvement occurred in the combination-type treatment conditons. Trend analysis was used to evaluate the changes in the daily practice scores. The results showed that either mental or physical practice was equally ef...
Women's Retirement:

Women's work related issues such as retirement have not traditionally interested researchers. Social research has recently produced new information on women's work and retirement. However, such work has been quantitative, focusing on measurements of attitudes, satisfaction with retirement, and economic stability. This a proach has resulted in gaps in the record which we feel may be crosed through a case study approach. Pilot data from our research on women's retirement using such an approach suggests that women's decisions regarding retirement and its process may be more complex than previously reported in areas of family health problems, retirement planning and spouse's retirement.