cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rooster spermatozoan motility, forward progression, and fertility after storage at 25, 5, or −196 °C in various extenders

Rooster spermatozoa were stored at 25, 5, or −196 °C in either TC199, a pyruvate-lactate mouse ova culture medium, or as undiluted semen. There was a linear decrease in percent of motile sperm during storage at 25 or 5 °C in all cases, and a curvilinear decrease with increasing storage times at −196 °C. Percent of motile sperm present after increasing storage time suggested pyruvate-lactate is a better extender than TC199 at the three storage temperatures studied. Pullets inseminated with 1 × 108 motile sperm using fresh sperm diluted in TC199 or pyruvate-lactate, or stored 24 hr at 5 or −196 °C produced 68.7, 74.1, 20.6, and 10.8% fertile eggs, respectively. The differences in fertility between controls or between samples stored at 5 and −196 °C were not significant. However, fertility from sperm stored at 5 and −196 °C was significantly lower (p < .05) than both control groups. Thus, it can be concluded that TC199 or pyruvate-lactate may be used to dilute fresh rooster semen collections prior to insemination. In contrast, fertility of rooster sperm is not satisfactorily maintained after 5 or −196 °C storage for 24 hr in a pyruvate-lactate extender.
Theory of Social Systems Delimitation: A Preliminary Statement

Current organizational theory is viewed here as being unidimensional in the sense that it is entirely subsumed under the allocative criteria of the market system As an alternative to such a confinement of contemporary organizational theory, this author proposes a model for social systems analysis and design which considers the market as one among many enclaves of society-each of them possessing its own substantive characteristics and requirements.
Abstract 1195: A molecular characterization of the anaplastic prostate carcinomas.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Molecular markers that identify clinically meaningful, biologically based, subsets of PC are lacking. This results in inefficient clinical trial designs and suboptimal therapy selection off-protocol. The androgen receptor (AR)-negative small cell PC (SCPC) is an often-unrecognized morphological variant of the disease found on repeat biopsies during the castrate-resistant (CR) progression of PC. Its presence predicts for a poor response to hormonal therapies, a distinct clinical behavior and a short survival. Characteristic clinical features of SCPC are frequently present in patients with CRPC, constituting a clinical syndrome termed anaplastic PC. We hypothesized that the anaplastic PC share underlying biology with SCPC, irrespective of morphology. Preclinical studies show that SCPC are characterized by loss of tumor suppressors and AR signaling, as well as overexpression of mitotic genes and proneural transcription factors. To test our hypothesis we used immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression of markers in these pathways, in tumor biopsies from chemotherapy-naive men with anaplastic PC participating in a prospective phase II clinical trial. To date we have analyzed 6 markers in 25 samples (6 with pure or mixed SCPC morphology) from prostate biopsies (n=10), transurethral resections of prostate tumors (n=4), bone marrow or bone biopsies (n=9), lymph node (n=1) or brain (n=1). Results are shown in [Table 1][1]. View this table: Table 1. Immunohistochemistry Anaplastic PC Of the 17 samples that had ≤10% RB1+ cells, 10 had ≤10% AR+ cells and 9 had >10% UBE2C+ cells. Of the 11 samples that had ≤10% AR+ cells, 10 also had ≤10% RB1+ cells and 6 had >10% UBE2C+ cells. These data support our hypothesis that the anaplastic prostate carcinomas are characterized by loss of tumor suppressors and overexpression of mitotic genes. Updated results in additional samples and of additional markers will be presented. Citation Format: Ana M. Aparicio, Sankar Maity, Xuemei Wang, Anh G. Hoang, Eleni Efstathiou, Patricia Troncoso, Christopher J. Logothetis. A molecular characterization of the anaplastic prostate carcinomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1195. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1195 [1]: #T1
The Staphylococcus aureus collagen adhesin-encoding gene (cna) is within a discrete genetic element

Abstract Although the gene (cna) encoding the Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) collagen adhesin is not present in all strains, the DNA both upstream and downstream of cna is present in all Sa strains. Using oligo primers corresponding to the conserved nt flanking cna and template DNA from Sa strains that do not encode cna, we amplified a 372-bp fragment. These results illustrate that the conserved regions upstream and downstream of cna are contiguous in strains that do not encode cna. Using primers corresponding to the conserved flanking DNA together with primers corresponding to the 5′ and 3′ ends of cna, we also amplified DNA fragments containing the junctions between the cna genetic element and the conserved flanking sequences. Sequence comparisons of the amplification products from four cna negative and four cna positive strains revealed that cna is within a discrete genetic element that extends 202 bp upstream from the cna start codon and 100 bp downstream of the cna stop codon. Sequence analysis of the ends of the cna element did not reveal any of the repeats characteristic of transposable elements. These results suggest that cna may be part of a larger element (e.g., a phage) that may or may not contain cna. Alternatively, cna may be a subject to a precise excision event resulting in its deletion from the chromosome. Based on sequence analysis of the flanking DNA amplified from strains that do not encode cna, the presence of a cna genetic element does not disrupt an ORF.
Nuclear-Structure Studies of Sr 88 and Y 89 by Inelastic Electron Scattering

The nuclei ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{88}$ and ${\mathrm{Y}}^{89}$ have been studied by observing the inelastic scattering of 65- and 70-MeV electrons through angles 70\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}-150\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, with an over-all energy resolution of 200 keV. Strongly excited states were found in ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{88}$ at 1.84 MeV (${2}^{+}$), 2.74 MeV (${3}^{\ensuremath{-}}$), 4.0, 6.5, and 7.8 MeV; and in ${\mathrm{Y}}^{89}$ at 1.50 MeV (${\frac{3}{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$), 1.73 MeV (${\frac{5}{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$), 2.21 MeV (${\frac{5}{2}}^{+}$), 2.52 MeV (${\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$), 2.86 MeV (($\frac{5}{2}, {\frac{7}{2}}^{+}$), 3.1, 3.72, 4.0, and 4.16 MeV. The data were analyzed by a distorted-wave calculation to determine multipolarities and reduced nuclear radiative transition probabilities. The results show that the excited states in ${\mathrm{Y}}^{89}$ cannot be described by a weak coupling of the $2{p}_{\frac{1}{2}}$ proton to core-excited states of ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{88}$. The sum of the $B(E2)'\mathrm{s}$ of the low-lying quadrupole states in ${\mathrm{Y}}^{89}$ is found to be about 30% of the $B(E2)$ of the 1.84-MeV state of ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{88}$, and three strong octupole states are excited in ${\mathrm{Y}}^{89}$, where only two are expected from the weak-coupling model. No detailed information on the single-particle structure of the levels could be obtained at these momentum transfers.
Nephrolithiasis associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: contemporary urological management.

Purpose:: We evaluate the role of contemporary urological intervention in patients with nephrolithiasis associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.Materials and Methods:: Intervention for upper tract stones associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease was performed in 5 women and 2 men 29 to 65 years old (mean age 47). Indications for intervention consisted of flank pain in 6 patients and/or hematuria in 2. A total of 12 procedures (mean 1.7 per patient) were performed, including shock wave lithotripsy in 6 patients, percutaneous nephrolithotomy in 2, retrograde endoscopy or manipulation in 3 and extended pyelonephrolithotomy in 1.Results:: All patients were rendered stone-free or had only residual “dust.” Hospital stay for 5 patients was 1 night or less and there were no complications. Renal function for each patient was stable or improved as measured by serum creatinine.Conclusions:: Most patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease who require interventio...
The effects of pathology on skeletal populations.

The effects of pathology on skeletal populations are indirect as well as direct. A review of the histories of four collections in the National Museum shows that the indirect effects come about largely because collectors sometimes select the skeletons to be saved. If selection is on the basis of state of preservation, it can be against pathological specimens since lesions sometimes weaken the bones and hasten their deterioration. If selection is on the basis of interest in pathology, it can exaggerate the representation of diseased specimens in the collections. As civilization advanced and man learned how better to cope with diseases, life expectancy increased and with it the evidence in the bones of the scars of living. The effects of pathology on skeletal populations are thus proportional to the mean ages of the latter. Aside from gross osseous lesions, the direct effects of pathology on skeletal populations are difficult to demonstrate. In so far as changes in size are concerned the effects thus far detected seem to be more proportional than linear. As regards pathological states with hereditary bases, they will affect populations to the extent that involved family lines are represented.
Isolation of transplantation antigens from a cultured lymphoblast L-5178Y.

EXPERIMENTS designed to characterize the nature of the transplantation antigens have been greatly hampered by the difficulty of obtaining large amounts of a homogeneous starting material. We would like to report the successful isolation of transplantation antigens from a mammalian cell cultured in vitro.
Electromyography detects mechanically-induced suprasegmental spinal motor tract injury: review of decompression at spinal cord level

Abstract Objective Herein, we report use of electromyography (EMG) to anticipate corticospinal conduction block, as defined by muscle-derived transcranial electrical motor evoked potential (TCE MEP) loss, during extradural spinal cord decompression. Methods One hundred and eighty-four patients underwent cervical (173) or thoracic (11) decompression. The same derivations were recorded for EMG and TCE MEP neuromonitoring. When highly repetitive, complex, and prolonged EMG discharges were identified in myotomes below the operated level (severe suprasegmentally-generated EMG discharges = severe SEDs), a report of possible spinal cord impact was made and a TCE MEP obtained. TCE MEP loss (with or without antecedent SEDs) was defined as >90% amplitude reduction compared to baseline recordings. Results Severe SEDs, seen in 15 cases, anticipated TCE MEP loss in 7/15. In 13/15 severe SED cases, manipulations near dura were the proximate cause. Interventions after TCE MEP loss included changed instrumentation, re-positioning, increased blood pressure, wake-up test, and surgical pause. Conclusions SEDs can be identified during extradural spinal cord decompression. Severe SED occurrence is associated with a ∼50% risk of subsequent corticospinal conduction block. Significance Although SED occurrence does not provide specific information for lesions of the fast neurons of the corticospinal tract, SED surveillance during decompression at spinal cord level can supplement TCE MEP recording.
Recent intense hurricane response to global climate change

An Anthropogenic Climate Change Index (ACCI) is developed and used to investigate the potential global warming contribution to current tropical cyclone activity. The ACCI is defined as the difference between the means of ensembles of climate simulations with and without anthropogenic gases and aerosols. This index indicates that the bulk of the current anthropogenic warming has occurred in the past four decades, which enables improved confidence in assessing hurricane changes as it removes many of the data issues from previous eras. We find no anthropogenic signal in annual global tropical cyclone or hurricane frequencies. But a strong signal is found in proportions of both weaker and stronger hurricanes: the proportion of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes has increased at a rate of ~25–30 % per °C of global warming after accounting for analysis and observing system changes. This has been balanced by a similar decrease in Category 1 and 2 hurricane proportions, leading to development of a distinctly bimodal intensity distribution, with the secondary maximum at Category 4 hurricanes. This global signal is reproduced in all ocean basins. The observed increase in Category 4–5 hurricanes may not continue at the same rate with future global warming. The analysis suggests that following an initial climate increase in intense hurricane proportions a saturation level will be reached beyond which any further global warming will have little effect.
AALIM: Multimodal mining for cardiac decision support

Diagnostic decision support is still very much an art for physicians in their practices today due to lack of quantitative tools. AALIM is a decision support system for cardiology that exploits the consensus opinions of other physicians who have looked at similar patients, to present statistical reports summarizing possible diagnoses. The key idea behind our statistical decision support system is the search for similar patients based on the underlying multimodal data. In this paper, we describe the AALIM decision support system and the underlying multimodal similarity search used for cardiac data sets.
Engaged scholarship: Stepping out

Andrew Van de Ven, the Vernon H Heath Professor of Organizational Innovation and Change at the Carlson School of the University of Minnesota, won the 2008 Terry Book Award from the Academy of Management for Engaged Scholarship: A Guide for Organizational and Social Research. During a visit to London Business School's Institute for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Van de Ven talked about the need he sees for researchers to step out and engage others.
Using the differential from complete blood counts as a biomarker of fatigue in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: an exploratory analysis.

OBJECTIVE Fatigue is currently recognized as an undertreated symptom in cancer. To date the association between fatigue and inflammatory activation has not been examined in patients with advanced cancer. Our exploratory investigation considered whether variations in routinely available hematological parameters relate to the severity of fatigue reports. METHODS Fatigue, white blood cell differential, and hemoglobin concentration were assessed in 44 Stage IIIb and IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Days of survival and the relative timing of treatment discontinuation were also recorded. Relationships between fatigue intensity and length of survival and between fatigue and hematological variables were examined using binomial and linear regressions respectively. RESULTS When we controlled for effects related to age, gender, and time until treatment termination, more intense fatigue was associated with shorter survival (beta = -.34, p = .03). Lower hemoglobin concentrations were associated with more intense fatigue (beta = -.36, p = .04). When we controlled for the effect attributable to hemoglobin, higher neutrophil (beta = .43, p = .01) and monocyte (beta = .31, p = .05) concentrations were associated with reports of more severe fatigue. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS This exploratory study provides empiric data showing that the severity of fatigue reported by advanced-stage NSCLC patients is significantly associated with length of survival. Consistent with existing data, linear regression identified a negative association between fatigue intensity and hemoglobin concentration. When we controlled for this effect, further linear regressions identified significant relationships between fatigue and blood concentrations of neutrophils and monocytes. Further, the magnitude of relationship between myeloid cell concentrations and fatigue was similar to the effect size identified for the relationship between hemoglobin and fatigue. Thus, the indirect measure of inflammatory state provided by routinely assessed myeloid cell counts appears to play as strong a role as the established variable, hemoglobin, in accounting for the fatigue reported by this sample of advanced-stage lung cancer patients.
Application-transparent checkpointing in Mach 3.O/UX

Checkpointing is perhaps the most explored of software based recovery techniques, yet it has typically been developed only for special purpose or research oriented operating systems. The paper presents virtual memory checkpointing algorithms that have been designed for concurrent Unix applications using a hard disk as the stable storage medium. These algorithms can serve as the checkpointing support required on each node of a distributed computation made up of concurrent processes running on each node. Snapshot algorithm execution, during which the application is suspended, typically is less than 10 seconds. Checkpoint commit execution, during which system performance is degraded as a checkpoint is written to disk, is less than 45 seconds. The checkpoint dedicated disk storage requirement for the implemented system is less than 10 MB. The implementation is based on the Mach 3.O/UX version of Unix 4.3BSD and uses Mach 3.0's external pager facility to back memory. >
Faster probabilistic planning through more efficient stochastic satisfiability problem encodings

The propositional contingent planner ZANDER solves finite-horizon, partially observable, probabilistic planning problems at state-of-the-art-speeds by converting the planning problem to a stochastic satisfiability (SSAT) problem and solving that problem instead (Majercik 2000). ZANDER obtains these results using a relatively inefficient SSAT encoding of the problem (a linear action encoding with classical frame axioms). We describe and analyze three alternative SSAT encodings for probabilistic planning problems: a linear action encoding with simple explanatory frame axioms, a linear action encoding with complex explanatory frame axioms, and a parallel action encoding. Results on a suite of test problems indicate that linear action encodings with simple explanatory frame axioms and parallel action encodings show particular promise, improving ZANDER's efficiency by as much as three orders of magnitude.
Causes of early reintervention after successful coronary artery stenting

Acute reintervention was performed in 26 of 1,620 patients after coronary stenting (1.6%). Half of the patients had stent thrombosis and the other half residual anatomic problems. The mean time for reintervention was shorter in patients with stent thrombosis. All patients with stent thrombosis had a sudden recurrence of chest pain. Electrocardiographic changes were more common with stent thrombosis. Composite end point occurred in 10 patients (77%) with stent thrombosis versus 5 (39%) in the other group (p = 0.04).
Electrospinning of Polymeric Nanofibers: Analysis of Jet Formation

Producing nanofiber-diameter polymeric fibers presents an attractive and robust approach toward the processing of nanocomposites, with applications ranging from clear optical components to toughened structural materials. In this work, we are examining the electrospinning process for the production of nanometer-diameter polymer fibers, giving particular attention to the following key features: jet-initiation, fiber architecture, and fiber distribution. A wide range of polymer systems and polymer-solvent combinations were studied in order to broaden the applicability of our conclusions to other systems. Specifically, a dimensional analysis was applied to jet-formation data obtained by quantifying the conditions required for the expulsion of fibers from a charged capillary to a grounded collection plate. The relationships between various dimensionless groups were compared with the expressions for the critical voltage that have been proposed for electrospinning of polymer solutions.
Recognizing activities from context and arm pose using finite state machines

We present an activity-recognition system for assisted living applications and smart homes. While existing systems tend to rely on expensive computation of comparatively largedimension data sets, ours leverages information from a small number of fundamentally different sensor measurements that provide context information pertaining the person's location, and action information by observing the motion of the body and arms. Camera nodes are placed on the ceiling to track people in the environment, and place them in the context of a building map where areas and objects of interest are premarked. Additionally, a single inertial sensor node is placed on the subject's arm to infer arm pose, heading and motion frequency using an accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer. These four measurements are parsed using a lightweight hierarchy of finite state machines, yielding recognition rates with high precision and recall values (0.92 and 0.93, respectively).
Computation of flow around Texas Tech building using k-ϵ and Kato-Launder k-ϵ turbulence model

Abstract An efficient model F3DKe has been developed using a preconditioned conjugate gradient procedure to solve the pressure correction equation. It is eight times faster than the work presented by R.P. Selvam ( J. Wind Engng Indust. Aerodyn. 1992, 41–44 , 1619–1627) and more than 16 times faster than explicit procedures. Using this code, the flow around the Texas Tech building is computed using the k -e and Kato-Launder k -e turbulence models. The computed pressures are compared with existing experimental results. The computed turbulent kinetic energy from the Kato-Launder k -e model is compared with that from the regular k -e model.
Does Virtue Epistemology Provide a Better Account of the Ad Hominem Argument? A Reply to Christopher Johnson

Christopher Johnson has put forward in this journal the view that ad hominem reasoning may be more generally reasonable than is allowed by writers such as myself, basing his view on virtue epistemology. I review his account, as well as the standard account, of ad hominem reasoning, and show how the standard account would handle the cases he sketches in defense of his own view. I then give four criticisms of his view generally: the problems of virtue conflict, vagueness, conflation of speech acts, and self-defeating counsel. I then discuss four reasons why the standard account is superior: it better fits legal reality, the account of other fallacies, psychological science, and political reality.
Cobalt-Dinitrogen Complexes with Weakened N-N Bonds

Reported N2 complexes of cobalt do not have substantial weakening of the N−N bond. Using diketiminate ligands to enforce three-coordinate geometries, we have synthesized several novel CoNNCo complexes. In formally univalent complexes, cobalt is poorer than iron at weakening the N−N bond, but in formally zerovalent complexes, cobalt and iron give similar N−N weakening. The weakening is due to cobalt-to-N2 π-backbonding, and potassium cations pull more electron density into N2. These results show that the low coordination number of a trigonal-planar geometry is impetus enough to make even the electronegative cobalt weaken the N−N bond of N2.
Similarity theory and temperature structure in the lower atmosphere

An equation based on similarity theory is used to explain the properties of various temperature statistics. Extensive observations indicate that wind and temperature profiles are nearly similar, and the ratio of the exchange coefficients for heat and momentum is of order one.
Sensitivity analysis in variational inequalities

In this paper we derive conditions for the local uniqueness, continuity and differentiability of a solution of parametric variational inequalities. Our approach is new and has a strong geometric flavor. As an illustration we discuss the sensitivity of the classical complementarity problem.
Possible temperature limits to range expansion of non-native Asian shore crabs in Maine.

Abstract The intertidal Asian shore crab, Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan, 1835), recently (2001) appeared in very low densities along the southern Maine (USA) coast. Indigenous to Russia and Japan, this species arrived in New Jersey around 1988 and rapidly expanded south to the Carolinas and north to southern New England (CT, RI, MA) by the early 1990s. We examined the characteristics of a non-native species invasion by surveying over 30 intertidal sites in Maine from 2002 to 2005. We found relatively low population densities, slow rates of geographic expansion and virtually no colonization northeast of Penobscot Bay on the central coast of Maine. We hypothesized that further geographic expansion of sustaining populations of H. sanguineus in Maine may be limited by coastal temperatures colder than in its native range. To examine this, we deployed recording thermistors at 11 strategic sites and integrated those data with three oceanographic observation buoys and with satellite thermal images of the coastal zone for the period between 2003 and 2005. We found that Maine's H. sanguineus population densities in the intertidal peaked during the warmest months (July–September) and were lowest during the coldest months (January–March) when the crabs retreated to the subtidal zone. Densities were also greater in warmer localities (southern Maine) than in cooler localities (central and eastern Maine). In fact, populations were absent from areas with mean summer temperatures cooler than 13 °C. In southern Maine, seasonal population densities and reproductive periodicity corresponded to periods with mean temperatures warmer than 15° and 12 °C, respectively. There are many physical and biological factors that could limit this invasion. However, our temperature and demographic data are consistent with the thesis that the H. sanguineus invasion has stalled at the terminus of the Gulf of Maine's cold, Eastern Maine Coastal Current. We compared published mean summer and winter SST data for coastal waters in the western North Atlantic and in the native Asian range of H. sanguineus, and we quantified and compared H. sanguineus abundance in Maine with thermal microenvironments at these sites. From this, we speculate that future distribution of this crab may be limited to the warmer areas of the Maine coast (south and west of Penobscot Bay) and up estuaries that warm every summer. Thus, it may be possible for managers to gauge future risks of marine species invasion from vectors such as ships based on the thermal biogeographic match or mismatch between their ports of origin and their destinations. Such information could be useful for focused monitoring and enforcement of existing laws designed to prevent future introductions of non-native marine species. As coastal waters warm, invasion opportunities could increase from cold-limited species.
A Siberian precursor to midwinter intraseasonal variability in the North Pacific storm track

[1] An observational diagnostic analysis is performed to study variations in the behavior of upper tropospheric Rossby waves prior to intraseasonal variability in the North Pacific storm track. The research is motivated from considerations of the midwinter suppression of the North Pacific storm track. During midwinter strong upper tropospheric cyclone events in the North Pacific storm track are preceded 7 days by a large-scale cyclonic circulation anomaly located over Siberia. The Siberian precursor anomaly is found to be strongly linked to one of the primary modes of upper tropospheric intraseasonal variability over Asia. More generally, this Asian mode is determined to provide a substantial modulation in the structure and amplitude of the North Pacific storm track at lead times of +5 to +8 days. This downstream influence is concentrated during midwinter and is likely related to intraseasonal variations in the East Asian winter monsoon.
Kinematic and Precipitation Structure of the 10–11 June 1985 Squall Line

Abstract High-frequency (90 min) rawinsonde data from a special mesoscale network (26 sites) have been combined with wind profiler, dense automated surface network data (80 stations spaced 50 km apart), and a series of high-resolution dual-Doppler radar analyses in a common framework attached to a moving squall-line system to form a comprehensive dataset describing the mature phase of the 10–11 June 1985 squall line observed during PRE-STORM. The dual-Doppler radar analyses covered a 200 × 300 km2 area, from the leading edge of the convective line to the back edge of the trailing stratiform precipitation region, thus, providing high-resolution wind information over a very broad portion of the storm system. The comprehensive analysis is used to resolve several aspects of the trailing stratiform region that had remained unclear from previous studies. First, a difference in the horizontal scale was found between the mesoscale updraft, which at upper levels was on the scale of the trailing stratiform cloud, a...
A comparison of the effects of food deprivation and 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol on metabolism and ingestion

Using respiratory quotient as an index of metabolic state, we compared the effects of administrations of the fructose analogue 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol (2,5-AM) at a dose of 300 mg/kg with the effect of 10 h of food deprivation. We measured behavioral and physiological responses of the animals receiving the two treatments, including food intake, energy expenditure, rates of carbohydrate and fatty acid utilization, and plasma levels of glucose, insulin, corticosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. A vehicle-treated control group was also included. Fasting produced a greater food intake than 2,5-AM administration. Although plasma glucose, insulin, and norepinephrine levels were similar between the two treatments, plasma corticosterone and epinephrine levels were significantly elevated in animals receiving 2,5-AM. We conclude that although 2,5-AM can produce a metabolic state similar to fasting, as measured by an index of whole body metabolic state (respiratory quotient), there remain factors that influence food intake that are not similar in the two conditions.
Project power supply (Version 1): Part 1 [Jack Dyer's Clinic]

I hope that you have decided to "build along" on our first project. In the previous installment [1], I imagined us eventually ending up with a versatile, benchtop power supply having a pair of adjustable outputs along with a single, fixed output at either 5 Vdc or 3.3 Vdc. The adjustable outputs are to be bipolar, variable from ±0– 15 Vdc, capable of providing 300 mA, regulated, and tracking (i.e., only a single control is needed to adjust the pair of output voltages simultaneously, such that |V - | = V + ). This is all to be accompanied by some sort of front-panel meters to display output voltages and currents.
Characterization of UMG-Based Si Solar Cells

Solar cells made with turnkey lines using UMG stating material have been analyzed in detail, using photo-and electroluminescence, DLIT, quantum efficiency, LBIC life time maps and dark and light I-V. The starting blends of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 100% UMG alloyed with polycrystalline solar grade feed stock. Device efficiencies of 14.5-15.5% were obtained, nearly identical for all blends except 100% UMG.
Models of Supervision: Shaping Professional Identity

Abstract Prevailing models of clinical supervision are discussed and evaluated within the context of training psychologists for the school setting, with the goal effectiveness of developing a professional identity. Contextual variables (e.g., university versus field-based training), level of training, and interpersonal and intrapersonal characteristics are examined as contributory factors in the supervisory enterprise. A model emerging from Erikson's developmental theory is posited as an umbrella perspective for all models of supervision to facilitate the development of an autonomous and competent professional. Finally unanswered questions and suggestions for future research are specified.
A Comparison of Traps and Fluorescent Powder to Describe Foraging for Mast by Peromyscus leucopus

The ability to quantify the foraging movements of white-footed mice ( Peromyscus leucopus ) using livetraps or fluorescent powder was compared. No significant shifts in the location of trap captures were detectable before, during, and after the mast-fall within the study area. Fluorescent powder trails revealed a significant shift into oak microhabitats during the mast fall and increased ground foraging during the same period. There was no significant difference in the foraging behavior of males and females. Results indicate fluorescent powder allows more sensitive monitoring of microhabitat shifts than livetrapping.
A Unified Epi-Seal Process for Fabrication of High-Stability Microelectromechanical Devices

This paper presents a thin-film wafer-level encapsulation process based on an epitaxial deposition seal that incorporates both narrow and wide lateral transduction gaps (0.7–50 $\mu \text{m}$ ), both in-plane and out-of-plane electrodes, and does not require release etch-holes in the device layer. Resonant structures fabricated in this process demonstrate high-quality factors ( $f\times Q$ products of up to $2.27e+13$ Hz) and exceptional stability (±18 ppb over one month) with no obvious aging trends. Studies on cavity pressure indicate that vacuum levels better than 0.1 Pa can be achieved after final encapsulation, thus reducing gas damping for high surface-to-volume devices. The vast diversity of functioning devices built in this process demonstrates the potential for combinations of high-performance MEMS devices in a single process and/or single chip. [2015-0278]
Λ(Σ) production in pd collisions below pp → GLΛ threshold and possible study of YN annihilation

Abstract The process p d → Λ + ( missing mass ) has been observed for antipron momenta of 1.25, 1.31, 1.46 and 1.67 GeV/c. The Λ is observed to be predominantly produced backwards in the p d center of mass and a striking peak is observed in the missing mass spectrum near Λ N threshold. It is speculated that a kinematic origin of the peak as the result of Λ ΛN intermediate states with a resultant ΛN threshold singularity would be possible if off mass shell deuteron corrections are assumed to be important. A resonance interpretation of the missing structure cannot be completely ruled out as a possibility. In this case the data would suggest the existence of a new K∗ with mass 2060 ± 20 meV and width Γ = 120 ± 50 meV.
Analysis of testing results of 178 Shigella and Salmonella in Haining

Objective:To understand Shigella and Salmonella resistance and popular features of the the region.Methods: Strains collected by various medical institutions from 2006 to 2008 in Haining were identified,and in accordance with K-B Susceptibility test,then analysed the results.Results: Among 178 strains,there were 115 Shigella,63 Salmonella.Results of drug sensitivity: Salmonella,Shigella on ceftazidime almost 100% sensitive,followed by ceftriaxone,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin;while ampicillin,sulfonamide ethyl resistance were to 81.6%,76.3%.Conclusion: From above results,Shigella,Salmonella infection diarrhea has declined.Shigella,Salmonella reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin,the existence of Shigella cross-resistance to quinolones,therefore,to prevent drug resistant strains,to promote the rational use of antibiotics.
Simple Analysis to MPLS VPNs

This paper is to explain, in detail, what underlies the choice between Layer 2 and Layer 3 MPLS VPNs from current VPN of view. Neither will always be the "right" choice for every service provider - the nature of existing network architectures and desired service offerings are what ultimately decide the matter. And, of course, some service providers may deploy both types of VPN, or salutary combinations of the two technologies. The goal is they can deploy VPN businesses more conveniently.
Sheltering the Shore via Nearshore Oblique Seabed Bars

Periodic seabed undulations, such as nearshore sandbars, are known to reflect incoming surface waves of twice the wavelength by the so-called Bragg resonance mechanism. In view of this property, longshore seabed-mounted bars were proposed long ago as a means of coastal protection against the high momentum of incident oceanic waves. Many theoretical, computational, experimental and field measurements were conducted to understand their effectiveness in shielding the shore. The idea, nevertheless, proved impractical when Yu and Mei (JFM 2000, [1]) showed that due to an inevitable finite reflection from the shoreline, energy can get trapped in the area between the shoreline and the patch of bars eventually resulting in a much higher wave energy flux impinging the shoreline. Here we propose an arrangement of oblique bars that shelters the shore by diverting, rather than reflecting, shore-normal incident waves to the shore-parallel direction. A protected buffer zone is thus created at the shoreline. We show that this novel arrangement can very efficiently shelter the shore, is almost insensitive to the distance between the bottom corrugations and the shoreline, is relatively robust against frequency detuning, and will discuss that it can be designed to protect the shore against almost the entire broadband spectrum of incident waves.Copyright © 2016 by ASME
Anatomy and physiology of chronic scrotal pain

This article reviews the anatomy and physiology of the scrotum and its contents as it pertains to chronic scrotal pain. Physiology of chronic pain is reviewed, as well as the pathophysiology involved in the development of chronic pain.
Contrast enhancement for underwater images in maritime border protection

Maritime border protection has an important role in border security. The increasing number of refugees migrating from one country to an another in illegal ways creates a potential risk for those countries having that of traffic. According to the United Nations Refugee Agency, the majority of refugees and migrants are likely to be aboard unsafe boats that are prone to capsizing. For these types of situations, it is useful for law enforcement agencies to analyze the images of wreckages taken underwater in order to detect unlawful materials such as firearms, rifles, explosives. Furthermore, detection of the ensign of a capsized boat may give a clue about its possible departure information, which may lead to other kinds of intelligence that can be collected as well.
Award for Distinguished Service to Leon Henkin

(1990). Award for Distinguished Service to Leon Henkin. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 97, No. 1, pp. 1-4.
Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts and the Application to the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

A method is developed to use ab initio calculations to predict what materials will have high catalytic activity for heterogeneous dissociative adsorption reactions. This method may be used to restrict the combinatorial possibilities of materials selection to a reasonable search space. The method is demonstrated for the test case of the oxygen reduction reaction, and it is shown that an Ag–Pt compound is superior to the standard Pt catalyst. Density functional theory was used to evaluate dissociative adsorption of oxygen on Ag n (n = 4, 6, 8, 14), Pt m (m = 2, 4, 8), and Ag n Pt m [(n, m) = (4, 2), (6, 2), (4, 4)] clusters. Stable adsorbed, dissociated, and activated states and energies were found. The AgPt compounds show enhanced performance over Ag and Pt clusters of comparable size. Calculated energy of associative and dissociative adsorption on Pt and Ag is in broad agreement with experiment. DFT models of oxygen adsorption and dissociation on slabs of Ag, Pt, and PtAg x were found to agree with experiments and cluster models. A model is given to explain the reactivity of oxygen with Pt and Ag. A Pt/Ag bilayer and a random alloy are examined through experiment and simulation to show that it is possible to fine tune electronic properties, and therefore reactivity for oxygen dissociation. The reactivity of these compounds toward oxygen is generally intermediate to that of pure Ag and Pt; thus a AgPt alloy is expected to be a better low-temperature catalyst for oxygen dissociation than pure Ag or Pt under nearly reversible conditions. Indeed, experiments confirm an Ag3Pt2 alloy to show superior activity at lower than half the platinum loading. Stress analysis confirms that the altered electronic structure, and thus the enhanced catalytic activity, must be due to an alloying effect rather than a strain effect from lattice expansion.
Spurious Interpretation Redux: Mead and the Shrinking Domain of Statutory Ambiguity

In skewering the Supreme Court's recent decision in United States v. Mead Corp.} Justice Scalia's rhetoric is exceptional. He derides the decision as "one of the most significant opinions ever rendered by the Court dealing with the judicial review of administrative action. Its consequences will be enormous, and almost uniformly bad."3 Although Justice Scalia objects to Mead's new and uncertain limits on the applicability of the Chevron doctrine,4 this Article will focus instead on how Mead employs a
Safety analysis of the FASt TEst reactor (FASTER) preconceptual design

Abstract The FASt TEst Reactor (FASTER) plant is a sodium-cooled fast spectrum test reactor design that was developed as part of an advanced demonstration and test reactor study, and provides high levels of fast and thermal neutron flux for scientific research and development. The 120 MWe FASTER plant has been designed with extended testing capabilities in mind, while keeping the design as simple as possible in order to make it efficient and cost attractive. The main function of the reactor is to provide neutrons for irradiation testing utilizing existing proven technologies to ensure a high technology readiness level. A preliminary safety analysis was performed of the FASTER design using the fast reactor safety analysis code SAS4A/SASSYS-1 to assess the reactor's safety performance during beyond design basis accidents. Three types of transient scenarios were analyzed for the FASTER design: unprotected transient overpower, unprotected loss of heat sink, and unprotected station blackout. These transients were simulated at beginning of equilibrium cycle and end of equilibrium cycle conditions. For each transient, failures of both the primary and secondary reactor scram systems were assumed. Because of the favorable reactivity feedbacks, relatively low peak fuel, cladding, and coolant temperatures were obtained during the transients and the reactor vessel temperature remained well below the limit for ensuring structural stability.
An Implicit Bias Primer

The phenomenon of implicit bias is much discussed but little understood. This article answers basic conceptual and empirical questions about implicit bias, including what it is, how it is measured, what effects it may have on behavior, and whether it can be changed. Consensus now exists among implicit bias researchers that current measures of implicit bias cannot reliably identify who will or will not discriminate in any given situation and that programs aimed at changing implicit bias produce very limited effects. Despite hopes that implicit bias research would lead to new and better understandings of how and why discrimination occurs, the empirical reality is that implicit bias research has not yet improved our ability to predict and prevent discrimination.
Using SiGe-on-SOI HBTs to Build 300°C Capable Analog Circuits

The present work demonstrates the use of SiGe-on-SOI heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) to implement analog building blocks that can operate from 24°Cto 300°C. A method to calibrate a Mextram compact model over this wide-temperature range is highlighted. Using a calibrated compact model, three different analog building blocks, a current mirror, a bandgap reference (BGR) circuit, and a Class-AB push-pull output stage, were designed, fabricated, and measured from 24°Cto 300°C. The cascode current mirror shows excellent output resistance $(>\mathbf{60\ M}\Omega)$ and low mismatch ratio $( up to 300°C. A modular design approach for building a wide-temperature BGR is proposed. The designed BGR is shown to have a temperature coefficient (TC) of 88.28 ppm/°Cfrom 24°Cto 300°C, which, to the best of the authors' knowledge, is the lowest measured TC of any silicon-based BGR over this temperature range. Long-term operation of the BGR at 300°Cwas verified, and the output voltage was found to vary by less than 0.1%, which makes it robust for high-temperature operation. A Class-AB push-pull output stage is shown operational up to 300°C, and a current drive up to 1 mA and a quiescent current of $\mathbf{21}\ \mu\mathbf{A}$ is measured at 300°C.
Advanced Laryngeal Carcinoma

Advanced laryngeal cases are defined here as T stages ≥3 and/or N + disease, i.e., cases for which limited larynx-only fields are not appropriate. The larynx is divided into three sites: supraglottis, glottis, and subglottis. The subglottic space extends from the first tracheal ring to 5 mm inferior to the free edge true vocal cords (TVCs). The glottic larynx contains the true vocal folds, anterior commissure, posterior commissure, and the infraglottic space (5 mm inferior to the free edge of the TVCs). The supraglottic larynx contains the following subsites of the larynx: ventricles, false vocal folds (FVCs), aryepiglottic folds, and epiglottis (infrahyoid, suprahyoid, laryngeal surface, lingual surface).
Studies in Rodent Poliomyelitis. I. Further Experiments with the Murine Strain of SK Poliomyelitis Virus.

1. SK murine virus maintained over more than 200 serial mouse passages increased in virulence for mice from an initial intracerebral titer of about 1:1 million to a maximum titer of not less than 1:1 billion dilution activity. 2. Following intracerebral injection with murine virus of remote mouse passages, 5 of 13 rhesus monkeys developed a characteristic encephalitic syndrome. Repeated intravenous injection of massive doses of virus caused localized flaccid paralysis in 2 of 14 monkeys. 3. Intracerebral injection of graded doses of murine virus into mice of different age groups caused fatal paralysis in young and old animals alike. Infection with small doses of virus by peripheral routes, while uniformly fatal to young mice, was followed by survival of almost half of the old mice. 4. The incubation period of the disease in young mice infected intracerebrally with a standard dose of murine virus, when studied throughout the period of 1 year, was found considerably lengthened during the summer months. 5. Cross neutralization tests furnished no evidence for any serological relationship between SK murine virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Theiler's virus was found to be neutralizable by antimurine horse serum and, to a lesser extent, by concentrated antipoliomyelitis horse serum; however, such inactivation, in both cases, was distinctly inferior to that occurring with SK murine virus. On the other hand, no neutralization whatsoever was obtained between SK murine virus and normal adult mouse serum, whereas the same serum completely neutralized Theiler's virus. Mice surviving infection with Theiler's virus, though acquiring immunity to this virus, remained fully susceptible to reinfection with SK murine virus. 6. Neutralization tests with SK murine virus against poliomyelitis-convalescent monkey sera gave irregular results, but neutralization of murine virus occurred regularly with a hyperimmune antipoliomyelitis horse serum. Hyperimmune antimurine horse and rabbit sera, on the other hand, failed to inactivate three strains of monkey poliomyelitis virus (SK, RMV, Aycock) by intracerebral tests in monkeys. The same sera inactivated murine virus in mice by intraperitoneal, but not by intracerebral injection of virus-serum mixtures. 7. The identity of SK murine virus and its relation to other rodent strains of poliomyelitis virus is discussed on the basis of the available data.