cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Stability of high-temperature polymers

Thermal stability of aromatic-heterocyclic organic polymers is surveyed. Highest stabilities were observed with step ladder (SL) and ladder (L) type polymers. Aliphatics were the most stable. Crosslinking generally results in enhanced stability. The stability of polymers containing fused rings appears to decrease as the number of fused chain segments increases. The effect of pendant groups depends on the nature of the group as well as the polymer to which it is bonded. (FS)
In my shoes: children's quality of life after heart transplantation

Background—Although heart transplantation has been offered for 2 decades to prolong the lives of children with end-stage heart disease, we know little about how these children view their lives, how they deal with their complicated medical regimen, and how the transplantation affects their quality of life. Objectives—To examine the quality of life of school-aged heart transplant recipients and to identify the key factors they believe affect their quality of life. Design—Focused ethnography. Participants and Setting—Eleven children (7 girls, 4 boys) between the ages of 6 and 12 years (mean 9.1 years) who had received a transplant at least 6 months earlier were recruited from a large children’s hospital. Data Collection and Analysis—Semistructured interviews were conducted in private locations. Data were analyzed using content analysis and constant comparison. Results—The children described their quality of life as “mostly good,” yet reported that life was “easy and not easy.” Ten factors that affected the children’s quality of life were Doing Things/Going Places, Favorite School Activities, Hard Things About School, Being With Friends and Family, Doing Things/Going Places With Friends and Family, Interactions With Friends and Family, Taking Care of My Heart, My Body, The Transplant Team, and Other Health Problems. Based on similarities in meaning, these factors were combined into 3 themes: Doing What Kids Do, Being With Friends and Family, and Being a Heart Transplant Kid. The themes and factors can provide useful direction for interventions aimed at improving the quality of life for children after heart transplantation. Notice to CE enrollees
A moving-mesh finite element method with local refinement for parabolic partial differential equations

Abstract We discuss a moving-mesh finite element method for solving initial boundary value problems for vector systems of partial differential equations in one space dimension and time. The system is discretized using piecewise linear finite element approximations in space and a backward difference code for stiff ordinary differential systems in time. A spatial-error estimation is calculated using piecewise quadratic approximations that use the superconvergence properties of parabolic systems to gain computational efficiency. The spatial-error estimate is used to move and locally refine the finite element mesh in order to equidistribute a measure of the total spatial error and to satisfy a prescribed error tolerance. Ordinary differential equations for the spatial-error estimate and the mesh motion are integrated in time using the same backward difference software that is used to determine the numerical solution of the partial differential system. We present several details of an algorithm that may be used to develop a general-purpose finite element code for one-dimensional parabolic partial differential systems. The algorithm combines mesh motion and local refinement in a relatively efficient manner and attempts to eliminate problemdependent numerical parameters. A variety of examples that motivate our mesh-moving strategy and illustrate the performance of our algorithm are presented.
The effect of carbon monoxide on aminopyrine metabolism in the isolated perfused rabbit lung.

Abstract Carbon monoxide (CO) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant widely recognized for its ability to inhibit cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of xenobiotics in vitro. In recent years, the importance of the lung in the metabolic disposition of certain airborne and systemically administered xenobiotics has been demonstrated. The purpose of this investigation was to establish a threshold for the CO-induced inhibition of cytochrome P450-mediated activity in the isolated perfused rabbit lung and to determine if hemoglobin would alter the carbon monoxidecytochrome P450 interaction. On the basis of its half-life and the stoichiometry of its metabolism, aminopyrine was shown to be a good substrate for monitoring mixed function oxidase activity in the intact rabbit lung. First-order rate constants for aminopyrine metabolism were significantly lower in isolated rabbit lungs perfused with either artificial medium (39%) or whole blood (67%) and ventilated with a 7.5% CO/20% O2 mixture for 2.5 hr than in the respective control lungs ventilated with breathing air. The threshold level (7.5% CO) for this inhibition is the same in lungs perfused with artificial medium and in whole blood-perfused lungs and is well above environmentally relevant levels of exposure.
WE‐C‐116‐02: High Resolution C‐13 MRI with Hyperpolarized [C‐13,N‐15] Urea

Purpose: To demonstrate an increase spin‐spin relaxation time (T2) of hyperpolarized carbon‐13 urea by nitrogen‐15 labeling its amide groups, and to show how this enables background‐free perfusion MRI at 1 mm in‐plane resolution with SNR > 300. Methods: In vivo hyperpolarized dual‐labeled [C13,N‐15]urea and singly‐labeled [C13]urea images were acquired dynamically in a rat using a using a steady state free precession (SSFP) and fast low angle shot (FLASH) acquisitions on a clinical 3T MRI scanner. Dynamic images were fit pixel‐wise to an exponential function to create effective decay constant maps. T2 measurements using Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill (CPMG) sequences on hyperpolarized samples were also performed. Results: Measured T2 values were 90±15 ms for [C13]urea and 24±4 s for [C13,N‐15]urea; the in vivo estimate of the T2 of [C13,N‐15]urea was 1.4 s. Concordant with analytic signal models, hyperpolarized imaging with [C‐13,N‐15] urea showed SNR improvements of 5.1±2.3 and 3.5±1.1 compared to [C13]urea imaged with FLASH and SSFP respectively. Exponential decay maps showed delineation of the renal cortex, medulla, and pelvis, with renal columns (medullary cortical extensions) visible. Conclusion: The large SNR gain achievable using [C13,N‐15]urea could be utilized for a corresponding resolution enhancement, which greatly improves the image quality when using this completely endogenous probe. This probes low toxicity could enable contrast angiography on patients with diminished renal function, even with large intravenous doses. Since clinical MRI scanners have longer minimum repetition time requirements due to safety and hardware constraints, the long T2 of [C13,N‐15]urea measured in this study facilitates SSFP or spin echo train imaging of hyperpolarized for clinical applications. The delineation of the renal structures suggests a possible application of renal function assessment.
Common genetic variants in ARNTL and NPAS2 and at chromosome 12p13 are associated with objectively measured sleep traits in the elderly.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the association between common genetic variation in the clock gene pathway and objectively measured acti-graphic sleep and activity rhythm traits. DESIGN Genetic association study in two population-based cohorts of elderly participants: the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) and the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. SETTING Population-based. PARTICIPANTS SOF participants (n = 1,407, 100% female, mean age 84 years) and MrOS participants (n = 2,527, 100% male, mean age 77 years) with actigraphy and genotype data. INTERVENTIONS N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Common genetic variation in 30 candidate genes was captured using 529 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Sleep and activity rhythm traits were objectively measured using wrist actigraphy. In a region of high linkage disequilibrium on chromosome 12p13 containing the candidate gene GNB3, the rs1047776 A allele and the rs2238114 C allele were significantly associated with higher wake after sleep onset (meta-analysis: rs1047776 PADD = 2 × 10(-5), rs2238114 PADD = 5 × 10(-5)) and lower LRRC23 gene expression (rs1047776: ρ = -0.22, P = 0.02; rs2238114: ρ = -0.50, P = 5 × 10(-8)). In MrOS participants, SNPs in ARNTL and NPAS2, genes coding for binding partners, were associated with later sleep and wake onset time (sleep onset time: ARNTL rs3816358 P2DF = 1 × 10(-4), NPAS2 rs3768984 P2DF = 5 × 10(-5); wake onset time: rs3816358 P2DF = 3 × 10(-3), rs3768984 P2DF = 2 × 10(-4)) and the SNP interaction was significant (sleep onset time PINT = 0.003, wake onset time PINT = 0.001). A SNP association in the CLOCK gene replicated in the MrOS cohort, and rs3768984 was associated with sleep duration in a previously reported study. Cluster analysis identified four clusters of genetic associations. CONCLUSIONS These findings support a role for common genetic variation in clock genes in the regulation of inter-related sleep traits in the elderly. CITATION Evans DS; Parimi N; Nievergelt CM; Blackwell T; Redline S; Ancoli-Israel S; Orwoll ES; Cummings SR; Stone KL; Tranah GJ. Common genetic variants in ARNTL and NPAS2 and at chromosome 12p13 are associated with objectively measured sleep traits in the elderly. SLEEP 2013;36(3):431-446.
Parameterized access control: from design to prototype

Peer-to-peer overlays provide a substrate well suited to building distributed storage systems. Applications that use the infrastructure need the ability to control access to their data. However, traditional authorization services were not designed to operate in the face of network partitions, malicious nodes, and on an Internet-wide scale.We describe the implementation of the Decentralized Authentication and Authorization Layer (DAAL), a mechanism to leverage the storage functionality of the overlay and obviate the need for an online, centralized access control service. The system can efficiently identify malicious nodes and continue to operate correctly when an arbitrary, predefined fraction of the network is unreachable (as occurs during an attack against the routing infrastructure or during a distributed denial-of-service attack).DAAL melds the access request efficiency of capability-based systems with the revocation power of reference monitor-based access control lists. It avoids the use of distributed leases as they create a vulnerability window during which there is a gap between the security policy and configuration. Actualizing the design can be challenging. Hence, we describe the protocol details and how they can be abstracted behind a minimal, intuitive application programming interface. As a proof of concept, we implemented DAAL as a Java prototype on a 200-node peer-to-peer overlay distributed across the world.
An internationally recognized uniform cytogenetic classification system is needed for multiple myeloma

An internationally recognized uniform cytogenetic classification system is needed for multiple myeloma
Heteropolytype Growth of Beta Silicon Carbide on Alpha Silicon Carbide by Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition at 1150 C

We report on the low temperature growth of heteropolytype junctions of 3C-SiC on 6H-SiC by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. In this work we have observed the epitaxial layers to be single crystal below a critical thickness limit which depends on growth temperature. Films thicker than this limit are polycrystalline. At 1150 C we have found the critical thickness to be approximately 2500 angstroms.
Campaigns, Careerism, and Constituencies: Contacting Council Members About Economic Development Policy

In this article we examine the claim that certain characteristics of a community's political environment and specific attributes of a citizen's social context may stimulate participation in local e...
A variable-threshold, variable-gain, infrared photoplethysmograph

The design of a versatile, low-cost, hermetically sealed, infrared photoplethysmograph is described. The device can be used for optical readings of changes in blood volume which occur with cardiovascular events. Advantages of the device are discussed.
Transplacental RNAi: deciphering gene function in the postimplantation-staged embryo.

RNAi offers the opportunity to examine the role in postimplantation development of genes that cause preimplantation lethality and to create allelic series of targeted embryos. We have delivered constituitively expressed short hairpin (sh) RNAs to pregnant mice during the early postimplantation period of development and observed gene knockdown and defects that phenocopy the null embryo. We have silenced genes that have not yet been “knocked out” in the mouse (geminin and Wnt8b), those required during earlier cleavage stages of development (nanog), and genes required at implantation (Bmp4, Bmp7) singly and in combination (Bmp4
Adaptation strategies and transient niches of one middle-class inmate in prison.

This analysis documents the all-pervasive dynamics of a prison inmate's socialization and shows how one can develop coping strategies or transient niches over an extended period of time which allow...
The market medicinal plants of Monterrey, Nuevo León, México

The purpose of this study is to record the popular uses of various medicinal plants collected in the market medicinal stalls of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. One hundred and thirty-five medicinal plants were collected from 11 hierberias (stalls) of two mercados (markets) and two additional medicinal plant sources. Included is a total of 70 species in 65 genera of 38 plant families. The plant vendors of the hierberias were interviewed to determine the folk uses of these plants. Eighty-five folk uses, of both general and specific nature, are reported for the specimens collected.
Adolescent occupational injuries and workplace risks: an analysis of Oregon workers' compensation data 1990-1997.

Abstract Purpose Injuries to adolescents from occupational activities has been recognized as a significant public health concern. The objective of this study was to quantify adolescent injury rates, analyze risk factors, and measure the severity of injuries sustained using Oregon workers' compensation data. Methods From 1990–1997, a total of 8060 workers' compensation claims, submitted by claimants 16–19 years old, were accepted by Oregon and used in these analyses. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics were used to derive injury rates. Results An overall estimated claim rate of 134.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 124.9–143.6) per 10,000 adolescent workers was found, with males having over twice the rate of females. The total average annual claim cost was $3,168,457, representing $3145 per claim. The average total temporary disability period per claim was 22.3 days. Precision production workers had the highest claim rate of 296.2 (95% CI 178.9–413.4) and highest associated costs ($8266) for all occupations, whereas those in the farming/fishing/forestry occupation had the longest average periods of indemnification with 31.6 days. Day shift workers had the highest claim rates and most severe injuries relative to other shifts. Conclusion The injury rates found among adolescent workers demonstrates that continued safety interventions and increased training are needed. Because of high claim rate and injury severity, particular attention should be focused on adolescents in food service, manufacturing, and agricultural occupations. Understanding the differences of adolescent circadian rhythm patterns in establishing work schedules and supervisory practices could also prove valuable for decreasing injury risk.
Ab initio IGLO study of the syn/anti dependence of the 13C NMR chemical shifts in simple amides

The syn/anti dependences of the alkyl 13C chemical shifts provide a useful probe of stereochemistry around the amide bonds in peptides and proteins. To investigate these dependences the ab initio IGLO method was used to obtain the 13C chemical shielding for the following series of amide molecules as models for the peptide bond: syn- and anti-N-methylformamide (NMF), cis- and trans-N-methylacetamide (NMA), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). Molecular geometries for shielding calculations are optimized ones at the HF/6–31G* level. Good correlations were observed between the calculated 13C chemical shift results and the experimental data. The syn/anti dependence of 13C chemical shifts around amide bonds is perdicted either with double-ζ or triple-ζ quality basis sets. Based on an analysis of the paramagnetic bond contributions (PBC) to the chemical shieldings, it is concluded that the syn/anti dependence of the 13C chemical shifts in amides arises almost entirely from the PBC of the syn and anti NC bonds, and is completely analogous to the electronic origin for the cis/trans γ-effect in hydrocarbons.
Automating hierarchical document classification for construction management information systems

The widespread use of information technologies for construction is considerably increasing the number of electronic text documents stored in construction management information systems. Consequently, automated methods for organizing and improving the access to the information contained in these types of documents become essential to construction information management. This paper describes a methodology developed to improve information organization and access in construction management information systems based on automatic hierarchical classification of construction project documents according to project components. A prototype system for document classification is presented, as well as the experiments conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Information Literacy and its relationship to cognitive development and reflective judgment

This chapter maps the Association of College and Research Libraries' Information Competency Standards for Higher Education to the cognitive development levels developed by William G. Perry and Patricia King and Karen Kitchener to suggest which competencies are appropriate for which level of cognitive development.
Can a sample of Landsat sensor scenes reliably estimate the global extent of tropical deforestation

Tucker and Townshend (2000) conclude that 'wall-to-wall coverage is needed to avoid gross errors in estimations of deforestation rates' because tropical deforestation is concentrated along roads and rivers. They specifically question the reliability of the 10% sample of Landsat sensor scenes used in the global remote sensing survey conducted by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. They base their conclusion on simulations with data from Bolivia, Columbia and Peru, in which the size of a 10% sample is 4 @ n h 6 Landsat sensor scenes. However, their conclusion is not valid when extrapolated to larger sample sizes (e.g. n S 40), such as those employed by the FAO and the European Commission for global and pantropical assessments.
Chalkbrood (Ascosphaera aggregata) resistance in the leafcutting bee (Megachile rotundata). I. Challenge of selected lines

Comparaison de la resistance a A. aggregata chez M. rotundata issues d'une population infectee a 31,6% et chez des individus issus d'une population sauvage. Mise en evidence d'un facteur genetique en comparant cette resistance chez des individus issus de la 6eme generation de la population infectee et chez des temoins
Structure and fragmentation of dimethyl methylphosphonate and trimethyl phosphite

The structures and fragmentation pathways of two isomeric organophosphorus esters, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and trimethyl phosphite (TMP) have been determined. The long-lived, low-energy molecular ions of DMMP were found to undergo a keto-to-enol isomerization prior to collision-induced dissociation. This isomerization was established through the comparison of the collision spectra from DMMP, TMP, isotopically labeled DMMP and a model precursor ion. Electron ionization and charge exchange reactions were used to study the isomerization as a function of the internal energy of the molecular ion. The structure of the TMP molecular ion retained the structure of the neutral molecule. The daughter ion spectra of the isomeric fragment ions from DMMP and TMP were used to infer the fragment ion structures. Negative ions of DMMP and TMP were also studied, and their collision spectra were found to be indistinguishable.
The nonmetal to metal transition with alkali doping of films of molecular icosahedra

Abstract Using photoemission, inverse photoemission, and electron energy loss spectroscopy, we have probed the changes in the electronic structure of molecularly adsorbed closo -1,2-dicarbadodecaborane ( closo -C 2 B 10 H 12 or orthocarborane) films as a function of Na doping. The insulator gap of this film of molecular icosahedra closes with Na doping and both new occupied and unoccupied states are introduced. The Na-doped system resembles a Mott-Hubbard insulator, even at high doping levels, and demonstrates the defining role of correlation.
Antiperistaltic (retrograde) intussusception after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure.

R F t Small bowel obstructions are a well-recognized compliation after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Rarely, small bowel ntussusception causes the obstruction [1–13]. The prevailng hypothesis is that postoperative alterations in small bowel otility lead to this unusual complication [1,3,4,7–9]. A 46-year-old woman had undergone laparoscopic, retocolic, retrogastric Roux-en-Y gastric bypass 5 years beore presentation. Her body mass index had decreased from 5 to 26 kg/m. She presented with 8 hours of periumbilical bdominal pain, nausea, and bilious emesis. The physical xamination revealed a distended, tympanitic abdomen with yperactive bowel sounds and mild diffuse tenderness to alpation. Radiographs demonstrated dilated small bowel nd an abnormal soft-tissue density in the mid-abdomen Fig. 1). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed small bowel obstruction distal to the jejunojejunal anasomosis with intussusception (Fig. 2). Laparotomy revealed a retrograde intussusception startng 30-cm beyond the jejunojejunal anastomosis (Fig. 3). he common alimentary limb was also herniated through a ransverse mesocolon defect, although no obstruction was resent at this level. The intussusceptum (comprised of ommon channel) was manually reduced. Given the unclear tiology of the obstruction, the intussusceptum was reected. The mesocolonic hernia was reduced, and the meocolic and small bowel mesenteric defects were closed. athologic examination demonstrated mucosal necrosis and dema but no discrete lead point.
Implicit brain imaging

We describe how implicit surface representations can be used to solve fundamental problems in brain imaging. This kind of representation is not only natural following the state-of-the-art segmentation algorithms reported in the literature to extract the different brain tissues, but it is also, as shown in this paper, the most appropriate one from the computational point of view. Examples are provided for finding constrained special curves on the cortex, such as sulcal beds, regularizing surface-based measures, such as cortical thickness, and for computing warping fields between surfaces such as the brain cortex. All these result from efficiently solving partial differential equations (PDEs) and variational problems on surfaces represented in implicit form. The implicit framework avoids the need to construct intermediate mappings between 3-D anatomical surfaces and parametric objects such planes or spheres, a complex step that introduces errors and is required by many other cortical processing approaches.
Atomic scale defects involved in MOS reliability problems

For quite some time, it has been known that two types of silicon dangling bond centers play important roles in metal-oxide-silicon reliability problems. Silicon dangling bonds at the Si/SiO2 boundary defects (called Pb centers) dominate Si/SiO2 interface trapping. Silicon dangling bond defects (called E' centers) dominate deep levels in the oxide. Recent observations provide a more detailed understanding of the relationship between the structure and electronic properties of the Pb interface centers. Recent work also helps explain the frequently noted correlation between oxide deep level defects and Si/SiO2 interface trap defects.
A behavioral analysis method for real-time control systems

Abstract This paper describes a method for analyzing and modeling real-time control systems called Concurrent Object-Based Real-Time Analysis (COBRA). COBRA is an alternative approach to Real-Time Structured Analysis, Object-Oriented Analysis, and Jackson System Development, for analyzing and modeling real-time control systems. It blends concepts from all three methods. A COBRA behavioural model can be mapped to an object-oriented design.
Effect of Concurrent Partnerships and Sex-Act Rate on Gonorrhea Prevalence:

The disease gonorrhea (GC) is a major public health problem in the United States, and the dynamics of the spread of GC through popula tions are complicated and not well understood. Studies have dra...
Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with acute delta hepatitis virus superinfection.

We describe a patient with the clinical characteristics of Guillain-Barre syndrome, including progressive ascending paresis; cerebrospinal fluid albumino-cytological dissociation; polyphasic small evoked potential, with prolonged latency and slow motor nerve conduction velocity; and active denervation pattern on electromyography, in association with acute delta hepatitis virus superinfection. The patient recovered from Guillain-Barre syndrome but developed chronic active delta hepatitis.
The first five percent of neural contrast spikes from a visual scene robustly computes the gravity vector

Current approaches to determine upright orientation and rotation rely on inertial accelerometers combined with gravity-measuring sensors. Biological posture control uses three senses. The most well known sense is the inner ear, which senses angular rotation and linear velocity. Proprioception is the sensing of body posture and center of mass with respect to gravity. A third sense of balance and orientation information comes from the optical system. This presentation presents a biologically-inspired algorithm for determining absolute orientation and rotation using computer image processing. The approach relies on the statistical property of man-made or cultural environments to exhibit predominately more horizontal and vertical edges than oblique edges [1]. That is, vertical edges of cultural objects tend to mirror the gravity vector. A biologically-inspired Gaussian on-/off-center contrast model [2] is used to extract edges, the first N% of luminance contrast-based neural spikes (top N% of the brightest edge pixels) in various scales form a basis set for image segmentation, multiple regions of interest are summed to accumulate image statistics, and a line template is correlated to determine a probabilistic orientation distribution with respect to a body-centered reference frame. The algorithm was tested against 600 real-world, cultural images and achieved 96% correct upright orientation +/-0.5o with a mean signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 10.75dB and 2.93dB standard deviation (see Figure ​Figure1).1). A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the temporal percent of neural contrast spikes required for robust performance. It was found that as few as the first 5% of neural contrast spikes from a visual scene robustly (94%) computes the gravity vector, without prior knowledge of or training on the environment. Further, it was found that the quality of the accumulated image correlates to the probability of organic or natural scenes (P=0.0 for a point cloud) and to man-made or cultural scenes (P=1.0 for strong horizontal and vertical lines). Figure 1 Sensitivity analysis wherein the horizontal axis is the first N% of accumulated luminance contrast-based neural spikes varying from 0.01% to 15%, for a constant-scale Gaussian on-/off-center contrast model. Note the images to the right shows the algorithm ...
Congenital GATA1-mutated myeloproliferative disorder in trisomy 21 complicated by placental fetal thrombotic vasculopathy

Congenital myeloproliferative disorders and transient leukemic disorders have been described in the perinatal period in infants with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). We report a novel case of a neonate with trisomy 21 with GATA1-mutated congenital myeloproliferative disorder complicated by placental fetal thrombotic vasculopathy featuring chorionic vessel leukemic thrombi, fetal circulation vascular injuries, and large aggregates of avascular villi. These thrombotic and vasculopathic changes within the placenta are likely a reflection of the hypercoagulable state caused by the myeloproliferative disorder. Placental fetal thrombotic vasculopathy is associated with adverse outcomes for the infant, and should be documented during formal pathological examination of the placenta.
Unique characteristics of informal hospice cancer caregiving

Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe the unique characteristics of informal hospice cancer caregiving.
Plant tissue tests for predicting nitrogen fertilizer requirements of winter wheat

Des experimentations au champ ont ete conduites pour evaluer trois tests destines a estimer les besoins en fertilisation azotee supplementaire du ble d'hiver en Pennsylvanie. Les tests ont ete effectues entre les stades de croissance de Feekes 3 et 6, et consistent a mesurer la concentration en nitrate de la tige, la concentration en azote- Kjeldahl de la plante entiere, et le prelevement d'azote par la culture. Les tests sont evalues selon trois criteres: l'exactitude de la prediction du deficit en azote reduisant le rendement, et la faible variabilite spatiale et temporelle
[18F]Haloperidol binding in baboon brain in vivo

Abstract The binding of [ 18 F]haloperidol to dopamine D2 and to sigma recognition sites in baboon brain was examined using positron emission tomography (PET). Studies were performed at baseline and after treatment with either haloperidol (to evaluate saturability), (+)-butaclamol (which has specificity for dopamine D2 receptors) or (−)-butaclamol (which has specificity for sigma sites). Binding was widespread. Treatment with (−)-butaclamol had no effect, whereas (+)-butaclamol selectively reduced the uptake in striatum. Haloperidol increased the clearance rate from all brain regions. These results indicate that the binding profile of [ 18 F]haloperidol does not permit the selective examination of either dopamine D2 or sigma sites using PET.
Comparisons of aerosol-cloud observations between a ground-based Raman-Mie lidar and CALIPSO over U.S. East Coast

The distributions of aerosol and planetary boundary layer (PBL) heights are presented from CALIOP/CALIPSO (Cloud- Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) and ground-based lidar measurements. We initially assess the approach of using the MODIS-retrieved aerosol optical depth over ocean to constrain lidar-ratio (extinction-to-backscatter ratio) and extinction profile at wavelength 532-nm. Statistical comparisons of cloud and aerosol layers are performed with the 20- day cases. We find in general excellent correlations exist between both cloud-base and top even for multiple deck cases that are not to close. In the clear skies, the CALIPSO-derived aerosol-layer-tops are consistent with ground-lidar derived PBL heights although the accuracy degrades if capped by cloud layers. In addition, PBL heights are derived from the CALIPSO level-1B profiles and mapped over the continental US. Finally, we perform a detailed comparison for a smoke plume event including aerosol classification, derivation of extinction profile and lidar ratio.
Strategic Management in Agribusiness Firms: Discussion

It is fortunate that the two papers presented in this session are concerned with the same industry: farm supply firms. Strategic management theory is built upon the credo that the single most important issue in strategic management (as well as strategic management research) is the structural environment. Cross-industry studies are fraught with comparability problems, not unlike those of industrial organization research. The common subject of the papers by Harling and Funk and by King and Shuker will allow for common, as well as separate, discussion.
Impact of renewable power market penetration on coal power generation capacity growth

Since renewable energy sources are growing in importance, how well they can penetrate the energy market for power generation will be a very important factor in the role the coal industry will play in the future. This paper examined the displacement of coal power plant capacity from 2010 to 2050 by renewables with respect to three drivers assumed under various conditions: the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), Greenhouse Gas (GHG) policy, and varying plant capital cost cases. The results by 2050 illustrate that renewable market penetration captures anywhere from 1.9% to 6.4% of potential coal power generation capacity additions. Renewable power generation capacity additions is expected to outpace coal power plant additions by 89% with respect to ARRA in 2050, however with no GHG policy coal power generation capacity build-outs will outpace renewables by as high as 809%. Finally, coal power generation is still projected to be the largest single energy source contributor to the electricity market making up 28.0% of total available capacity, while renewables are expected to only make up 16.3% of total available capacity.
Occlusal cant in the frontal plane as a reflection of facial asymmetry

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare subjective evaluation of occlusal canting in frontal photographs with objective radiographic measurements to determine the threshold at which a cant is recognized as abnormal. Patients and Methods: Standardized frontal photographs (at rest and smiling) of two groups of orthognathic surgery patients were evaluated. Group 1 consisted of patients with a documented occlusal cant (n = 21), and group 2 consisted of patients with no cant (n = 22). Four untrained and five trained observers independently, and blind to the diagnoses, assessed patient photographs to judge the presence or absence of canting. These subjective results were compared with objective measurements of the angle of the occlusal plane to the true horizontal on each patient's posteroanterior (PA) cephalogram. Results: The mean occlusal cant was 5.0 ° ± 1.6 ° for group 1 and 1.4 ° ± 0.9 ° for group 2. The difference between groups was statistically significant (P < .01). Cants greater than 4 ° were detected clinically with greater than 90% frequency by both untrained and trained observers. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that 4 ° is the threshold for recognition of an occlusal cant by 90% of observers. This information has significant implications for three-dimensional planning and outcome assessment in orthognathic and craniofacial surgery.
Depression in radiation oncology patients: A preliminary evaluation

Abstract Background: Some, but not all, patients undergoing radiation therapy for cancer experience depression. Recognition of depression in these patients is complicated by the effects of cancer, chemotherapy and radiation. Methods: Total scores of the 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (IDS-SR) were used to divide 52 consecutive radiation oncology outpatients into those with depressive symptoms (n=16) and those without (n=36). These 2 groups were compared to find which depressive symptoms occurred and what risk factors were associated with them. Results: Cognitive and endogenous, but not vegetative, symptoms of depression were helpful in distinguishing the 2 groups. A personal or family history of treated depression—but not the number of radiation treatments received—was also predictive of those with depressive symptoms. Limitations: The patient population studied was small and diverse. Self-reports scores, rather than structured psychiatric interviews, were used to define clinically significant depression. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms are not inevitable with cancer. Patient reports of thoughts of death or suicide, feeling restless, or diminished mood response to good events should prompt a more thorough evaluation for depression. A personal or family history of treated depression appears to be associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms.
Initial Mothering Patterns of Low-Income Black Primiparas

A descriptive study of 24 black, low-income primiparas, age 15'24, to discover whether their initial mothering patterns are different from those of mothers in general, as reported in the literature, is presented. Three data collection tools were designed for three separate observation-interviews. The young, low-income black mother demonstrates much the same mothering behavior as other mothers; however, findings suggest a different behavior sequence which con be interpreted as "normal".
Cubic paraelectric (nonferroelectric) perovskite PLT thin films with high permittivity for ULSI DRAMs and decoupling capacitors

Polycrystalline paraelectric perovskite thin films in the Pb-La-Ti-O or PLT (28 mol.% La) system have been studied. Thin (0.5- mu m) films were integrated onto 3-in Pt/Ti/SiO/sub 2//
Surveillance, Gender, and the Virtual Body in the Information Age

In our contemporary 'information age', information and the body stand in a new, peculiar, and ambiguous relationship to one another. Information is plumbed from the body but treated as separate from it, facilitating, as Irma van der Ploeg has suggested, the creation of a separate virtual 'body-as-information' that has affected the very ontology of the body. This 'informatization of the body' has been both spurred and enabled by surveillance techniques that create, depend upon, and manipulate virtual bodies for a variety of predictive purposes, including social control and marketing. While, as some feminist critics have suggested, there appears to be potential for information technologies to liberate us from oppressive ideological models, surveillance techniques, themselves so intimately tied to information systems, put normative pressure on non-normative bodies and practices, such as those of queer and genderqueer subjects. Ultimately, predictive surveillance is based in an innately conservative epistemology, and the intertwining of information systems with surveillance undermines any liberatory effect of the former.
Testing, evaluating, and enhancing NATO tactical communications schemes

In this paper, we describe a simulation model called TACFONE-NATO, which simulates the constitution of a multinational NATO operational force and construction of the force's tactical communications system. This communications system is designed using Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 4214, which details methods for assigning area codes and phone numbers, and constructing the routing tables used to route calls. Our sponsor needed testing and evaluation of STANAG 4214's performance, diagnosis methodology for shortcomings, enhancements to the STANAG for lateral routing and formation movement. In this paper, we describe the methods we used to test, evaluate, and enhance STANAG 4124.
Weak adsorption of anions on gold: measurement of partial charge transfer using Fast Fourier Transform electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Abstract Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method, we have investigated the adsorption properties of F − , NO 3 − and CH 3 COO − on Au in aqueous electrolytes. The results show that these anions adsorb on Au in considerably small amounts. The adsorption reactions are associated with partial charge transfer across the interface. We present a theoretical framework to analyze these data. Certain previously reported impedance features of simple adsorption reactions are found as special cases of the present analysis. By combining theory and experiment, we determine the double layer capacitance, adsorption capacitance, and the amount of partial charge transfer as functions of the applied voltage. The theoretical framework of the present work can be applied to both cases of weak and strong adsorption, and can be extended to describe coadsorption of different anions.
Power Calculations for a Passively Tuned Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter on the Oregon Coast

A wave-structure interaction model is implemented, and power output estimates are made for a simplified wave energy converter operating in measured spectral wave conditions. In order to estimate power output from a wave energy converter, device response to hydrodynamic forces is computed using a boundary element method potential flow model. A method is outlined for using the hydrodynamic response to estimate power output. This method is demonstrated by considering an idealized non-resonating wave energy converter with one year of measured spectral wave conditions from the Oregon coast. The power calculation is performed in the frequency domain assuming a passive tuning system which is tuned at time scales ranging from hourly to annually. It is found that there is only a 3% gain in productivity by tuning hourly over tuning annually, suggesting that for a non-resonating wave energy converter, power output is not very sensitive to the value of the power take off damping. Interaction between wave energy converters in arrays is also considered, and results for an array of idealized point absorbers suggests that interactions are minimal when devices are placed 10 diameters apart from each other.
Cryptococcus gattii as an important fungal pathogen of western North America.

Cryptococcus gattii, a pathogenic fungus historically appreciated to be endemic to tropical regions, was recognized to emerge in a more temperate zone of North America in the 1990s. Early reports focused on an outbreak that was first apparent on Vancouver Island (BC, Canada), involving both the veterinary and human population. More recently, it has been recognized that this organism is endemic to a wider geography in western North America, with recognized disease caused by unique molecular subtypes in both healthy and immunosuppressed human hosts and a variety of domestic and wild animals. A number of cases of disease caused by C. gattii isolates that are unrelated to the Vancouver Island–Pacific Northwest outbreak strains have also been recognized in different parts of the USA. As microbiology laboratories have historically not identified these organisms to the species level, our current understanding of the scope of this infection is probably an underestimate. Ongoing public health epidemiologic efforts will be facilitated by increased attention towards culture-confirmed diagnosis and species identification in clinical microbiology laboratories. Early experience presents a strong rationale for increasing diagnostic attention, with multiple clinical features that are unique to this infection, including variability in antifungal susceptibilities and a heightened need for aggressive management of inflammatory responses. Larger prospective studies to evaluate and optimize clinical management are needed.
Wound healing on athymic mice with engineered skin substitutes fabricated with keratinocytes harvested from an automated bioreactor.

The Kerator is a computer controlled bioreactor for the automated culture and harvest of keratinocytes that can reduce labor and materials involved in the fabrication of engineered skin substitutes (ESS). Previous studies have shown that the Kerator is comparable to tissue culture flasks by keratinocyte confluence during culture, clonogenic potential of harvested keratinocytes and microanatomy, cell viability, and surface hydration of ESS fabricated with the harvested keratinocytes. In this study, the Kerator and tissue culture flasks were further compared by keratinocyte proliferation in vitro and wound healing after transplantation of ESS to athymic mice. The number of bromodeoxyuridine-positive keratinocytes in ESS fabricated with keratinocytes harvested from Kerator after 2 wk of in vitro maturation was 34 ± 3 per high power field (hpf) (mean ± SEM), which was not significantly different from that fabricated with keratinocytes harvested from flasks (34 ± 1.5 per hpf). Percentage original wound area 6 wk after surgery of ESS fabricated with keratinocytes from the Kerator was 36% ± 3.3%, which was not significantly different from that of ESS fabricated with keratinocytes from flasks (30% ± 4.3%). In both cases, 78% (7 of 9) mice transplanted were positive for engraftment of human keratinocytes by direct immunofluorescence for HLA-ABC antigens. These results further confirm that the ESS fabricated with keratinocytes harvested from Kerator and flasks are equivalent in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, use of Kerator for large scale production of ESS can lead to increased availability at reduced cost while maintaining ESS quality for grafting.
Tumor necrosis factor production and accumulation of inflammatory cells in the corpus luteum of pseudopregnancy and pregnancy in rabbits.

The potential involvement of macrophages, T lymphocytes, and the cytokine twnor necrosis factor (TNF) in regression of the corpus hueum was investigated at d(fferent stages of pseudopregnancy and pregnancy by use of immunocytochemical methods and a TNF bioassay. Few macrophages (11± 6per high power field of 8-j.un frozen sections of corpus luteum, Day 10 of pseudopregnancy) were observed until the very end of pseudopregnancy, when the number of macrophages increased greatly (176 ± 42 per high power field, Day 19 ofpseudopregnancy). Pregnancy, of 32 days duration, delayed large-scale macrophage accumulation until 3 days after parturition (154 ± 30 per high powerfield). Low TNF activity (-1.0 U/mg protein) was detected in incubations of luteal tissue ala!! stages; in response to lipopolysaccharide, TNF values in medium increased 10- to 30-fold at times of luzea! regression and macrophage accumulation (1 day postpartum and Day 19 ofpseudopregnancy). Class 11-positive T lymphocytes were observed in luteal tissue, but unlike macrophages, the number of lymphocytes did not increase at the time of regression of the corpus luteum. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that involution of the corpus lutewn is promoted through the interactions of inflammatory cells and action of TNF, although the action of TNF has not been determined in this luteal tissue. Through unknown mechanisms, pregnancy postpones the accu,nulation of macrophages in the corpus luteum, in association with the prolongation of luteal function until
The Holding Function of Theory

As multiple theoretical models contend on the American analytic scene, the holding function of theory emerges as a unifying theme. In addition to supplying an intellectual superstructure for the working analyst, theory provides a psychological presence—a sense of conviction, affective stability, reassurance, and self-esteem— that makes effective analytic work possible from the analyst's side. Ideological passions and differences arise from the vital need for the holding function in an intense and inchoate engagement like psychoanalysis. To show how adherents of different models use theory in practice, three clinical cases are reviewed, one from Betty Joseph, one from Lewis Aron, and one from the author. The last example reconstructs the analyst's subjective experience of treatment both in the selected hours and in terms of the analyst's preconscious use of theory.
A Constructive Technique Based on Linear Programming for Training Switching Neural Networks

A general constructive approach for training neural networks in classification problems is presented. This approach is used to construct a particular connectionist model, named Switching Neural Network (SNN), based on the conversion of the original problem in a Boolean lattice domain. The training of an SNN can be performed through a constructive algorithm, called Switch Programming(SP), based on the solution of a proper linear programming problem. Simulation results obtained on the StatLog benchmark show the good quality of the SNNs trained with SP.