cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Romanticism and the Human Sciences: Poetry, Population, and the Discourse of the Species

Acknowledgements Introduction, or the thing at hand 1. Toward an anthropologic: poetry, literature, and the discourse of the species 2. Do rustics think? Wordworth, Coleridge, and the problem of a 'human diction' 3. Literate species: populations, 'humanities', and the specific failure of literature in Frankenstein 4. The 'arithmetic of futurity': poetry, population, and the structure of the future 5. Dead poets and other romantic populations: immortality and its discontents Epilogue, or Immortality interminable: the use of poetry for life Notes Bibliography Index.
Maximum Likelihood Method for MIMO Mobile-to-Mobile Channel Parameter Estimation

A three-dimensional reference model for wideband multiple-input multiple-output mobile-to-mobile channels is reviewed. To allow comparison between the proposed model and measured data, a new maximum likelihood based stochastic estimator is derived. The proposed estimator extracts the relevant model parameters from the measured data. The performance of the new estimator is evaluated by deriving the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and by comparing the mean square error of the parameter estimates to the CRLB. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator has an asymptotically optimal performance, since it reaches the CRLB for a small number of samples.
Staphylococcal alpha toxin induced changes in the electroencephalogram of the rat.

Abstract Staphylococcal α-toxin at 1 μg and 10 μg was injected into the right lateral ventrical of the brain of conscious, unrestrained rats. Clinical behavior and changes in EEG patterns were monitored. Clinical behavior attributed to α-toxin intoxication consisted of intermittent periods of stretching, tremors, convulsions and 'barrel rolling'. The EEG patterns, selected from recordings obtained during quiescent periods of behavior, demonstrate focal spiking, with and without recruitment, slow waves, spindling and complex spikes. We conclude that the central nervous system is a critical target for the lethal action of α-toxin.
Development of a generic database for CAE/CAD/CAM system at an Air Force facility

Abstract It is well recognized that the use of computer aided engineering, computer aided design/drafting, and computer aided manufacturing (CAE/CAD/CAM) equipment will have a significant impact on the design/manufacturing productivity of a facility particularly in the “high tech” area. For a facility that is convinced of this fact and prepared to make an investment into the purchase of such equipment, the question that first arises is the quantity and kind of equipment to purchase. In particular, what hardware platforms, what software product, what support equipment, and what network configuration is needed? This study was aimed at developing a data base that would provide the basis for answering these questions relative to the specific CAE/CAD/CAM needs at an Air Force facility. The study dealt with a methodology for identifying the needs of diverse groups that make up the engineering/drafting/analysis/maintenance and operations at the facility. The result of the study makes specific recommendations relative to each group that is to become part of the “network” even though some of the group have some experience with CAD/CAM and others have no experience at all.
Considering the DMGT: something old, something new

We appreciate the opportunity to respond to Gagne’s interesting paper. In a theory of such large scope, it is hard to know where to begin one’s assessment. We have chosen to use Gagne’s own criteria. At the close of his paper, Gagne lists ‘four characteristics of the DMGT that … make [it] a very distinct and unique conception of giftedness and talent’. We will respond to his first two characteristics. The first is that ‘the DMGT stands alone in its clearly differentiated definitions of the field’s two key concepts’. Although we agree that there has been confusion in how the field defines its terms, it is not clear to us how the distinction Gagne makes between natural abilities and systematically developed skills (of which gifts and talents are merely subsets) differs from the more commonly used labels of aptitude and achievement. Natural abilities serve as the ‘raw material’ for systematically developed skills—just as aptitudes do for achievements. Aptitudes are therefore predictors of future achievement, as Gagne and most educational psychology textbooks would seem to agree (e.g., Sternberg & Williams, 2002; Woolfolk, 2004). This difference is readily understood, but not easily operationalized, because (a) the arrows of causation seem to run both ways between them; (b) developed skills in one arena may function more like aptitudes in others (e.g., alliterative and rhyming skills are both aptitudes that may serve as ‘raw material’ for poetry-writing creativity, but they are also skills that can be trained systematically; Baer, 1996); and (c) when one moves from theory to practice, it is often quite difficult to separate aptitudes and achievements (or natural abilities and developed skills) as neatly as we might wish. These problems and ambiguities are in no way resolved by giving new names to these otherwise familiar
Geology and origin of the Late Proterozoic Darb Zubaydah ophiolite, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The Late Proterozoic (830 ± 20 Ma) Darb Zubaydah ophiolite, north-central Arabian Shield, preserves a largely intact section consisting of ultramafic rocks, gabbro, diabase, granodiorite, and interbedded volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Formation of these rocks within or near an island arc is indicated by the absence of pelagic sediments and the abundance of pillow basalt, turbiditic sediments, lahar deposits, and basaltic to rhyolitic tuff. The oldest extrusive rocks, which range from tholeiites with MORB characteristics to calc-alkaline andesites and rhyolites, formed in a young, relatively un-evolved island are or in a back-arc basin sufficiently close to an arc to receive calc-alkaline lava flows and coarse-grained, arc-derived detritus. tus. Overlying turbidites and lahar deposits of the Kaffan sandstone point to the initiation of a rifting event. High-Ti basalts, which erupted above the Kaffan sandstone, and related diabase are interpreted to be magmatic products of incipient intra-arc rifting. Renewed arc volcanism produced calc-alkaline volcanic rocks that interfingered with the high-Ti basalt and later dominated the section as the volcanic apron of the arc prograded basinward. Extrusion of voluminous calc-alkaline tuff may have been contemporaneous with intrusion of granodiorite and gravity-driven landsliding.
Retrograde labeling of migrating spinal motoneurons in bullfrog larvae.

Abstract Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was applied to the ventral root or developing limb bud of bullfrog tadpoles. In animals younger than Stage XII XIII [9] ventral root application consistently labeled neurons located between the lateral motor column (LMC) and the neuroepithelium. Only occasional motoneurons outside the LMC were labeled in animals older than Stage XIV XV . Limb bud application of HRP in any-stage tadpole did not label ectopic LMC motoneurons. These results indicate that LMC motoneurons have sent their axons out the ventral root before completion of migration but that these axons may not as yet have reached the limb bud.
Pulmonary artery rupture during introduction of the Swan-Ganz catheter: Mechanism and prevention of injury

Abstract Inadvertent perforation of the pulmonary artery during Swan-Ganz catheterization is an infrequent but not rare complication of that procedure. Although there is an unexplained predilection for this complication to occur in women, pulmonary hypertension does not appear to be a prerequisite. About 40% of the reported cases have been fatal. Surgical attempts at correction of the hemorrhage have not greatly decreased morbidity, although in selected cases, surgery may be lifesaving. In about 35% of the cases, the time of rupture of the artery can be pinpointed to occur immediately after catheter introduction. This can be accounted for by excess catheter present during insertion, with distal migration of the catheter following initial balloon deflation. Subsequent reinflation may then result in rupture of the vessel wall with leakage of blood into an adjacent bronchus, lung parenchyma, or into the pleural space. A method of avoiding this complication is proposed.
The early response of articular cartilage to ACL transection in a canine model.

Summary Ten outbred dogs underwent unilateral transection of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee (stifle) joint with sacrifice from 6 to 27 weeks post-operatively. On the operated side were found mild degenerative changes histologically and evidence of increased proteoglycan synthesis with no net loss of uronic acid. Water content was increased in the medial femoral condyle. Contralateral knees showed evidence of increased proteoglycan synthesis and uronic acid content without histologic cartilage lesions.
Dental materials citations: Part A, January to June 1997

Abstract Objective A search was conducted in biomedical journals published from January 1997 to June 1997 to identify all dental materials publications and sort them into major categories. Methods Tables of contents for 79 journals for the period of January to June, 1997 were inspected and divided into 17 categories. Citations were analyzed by both frequency in journals and in categories, as well as compared to frequencies for previous years. Results A total of 445 citations were detected in 79 journals for the period January 1997 to June 1997. Certain journals (n=19) demonstrated a higher citation frequency (>_ 10 citations for 6 months) and represented 77.8% of all citations. The greatest number of citations continued to involve bonding (n = 97), resin-based restorative materials (composites; glass ionomers) (n = 95), prosthodontic materials (n=51), and pulp protection / luting materials (n=48). Frequencies by category were very similar to those for the last four years. Significance The compiled literature citations provide a supplement for researchers and academicians seeking information in existing electronic databases.
Ontogenetic differences between acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase isozymes in the chick embryo cerebellum.

Les isozymes d'acetylcholinesterase et de butyrylcholinesterase du cervelet des embryons de poulet de 10 a 14 jours furent separes par la methode de mise au point isoelectrique. 3 isozymes de l'un et de l'autre enzyme etaient presents dans les embryons de 10 jours. Dans les embryons de 14 jours il y avait 5 isozymes differents le uns des autres et de ceux qui etaient presents dans les embryons de 10 jours. On estime donc que les changements apparus dans la quantite, dans les points isoelectriques, et dans les niveaux d'activite maxima des isozymes neurotransmetteurs sont lies a la maturation du cervelet et a l'acquisition du mouvement pendant la morphogenese de l'embryon. Les resultats sont exprimes en accord avec le modele LDH pour la differentiation de l'isozyme.
Terrorism in the Middle East

Terrorism is a serious threat to the United States and the world. The United States is a prime target because American policies, values, and culture are directly opposed by many terrorist groups and because of our extensive official, diplomatic, and commercial presence in the Middle East. Israel, Western countries, and even moderate or pro-Western Arab governments also are major targets. Therefore, this paper examines the dynamics of recent terrorist activities in the Middle East and the threat to American interests in the region. Then, it analyzes the causes and rationalization of terrorist activities by the various groups in the Middle East. The paper also directs a critical examination of the role of the media in terrorism, and raises some serious questions about the media's involvement in terrorist incidents. Finally, the paper seeks to link the previous sections into the present situation and gauge the impact of both domestic and international factors.
A source of conventions

Douglass North, in his Institutions, institutional Change and Economic Pedormance (New York: Cambridge University PRESS, 1990, pp. 42, 43, 1381, emphasizes the importance of custom, moral principal, and institutions in our society, but truthfully says that we do not fully understand their source or why they change. The purpose of this commentary is not to completely solve North’s problem but to provide a partial answer. A biologist of my acquaintance once said: “Human beings are readily indoctrinable.” I think in many ways this is fundamental to any answer to North’s problem. People do tend to accept indoctrination. This then raises the question of why are people designed so that they do accept indoctrination? The first thing to be noted is that we are, like any other species, the result of biological evolution. There is no reason to believe that evolution has perfectly fitted us to our present day role, particularly since most of it occurred in the Old Stone Age which was quite different from the present day world. Nevertheless, evolutionary considerations did fix a good many characteristics of human beings in an at least moderately efficient way. I must digress here to say that I am not going to follow the sociobiologists and argue that various things that we see in other social species necessarily are true of human beings. There do, indeed, seem to be some similarities between human society and, let us say, the wolves or baboons, but they are weak and distant. Animal societies are interesting in themselves but are, to put it mildly, poor guides for human social design. Nevertheless, that we are a species that evolved is quite true. One of the outstanding characteristics which differentiates human beings from other species is the existence of a complex language. Since most of the parts of the human body which are involved with speech-the brain, the larynx, etc .-are soft, they did not survive in the fossils. We know little or nothing, then, about the details of the evolution of speech. We can likely be certain, though, that it did not come suddenly overnight, but developed slowly, and that as it developed, those members of the species that had superior speech abilities gradually replaced those who had poor abilities in the normal evolutionary way. This particular human characteristic is unusual in that my ability to speak and to understand speech is of value only insofar as other people with whom I associate can also do so. To some extent, it thus must have evolved by group rather than individual selection.
Ureteral stricture as a late complication of radiotherapy for stage IB carcinoma of the uterine cervix

Background. Ureteral stricture is a rare late complication of curative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix. A retrospective study was performed to determine the incidence and latency of radiation-induced ureteral stricture, to investigate possible contributing factors, and to compare the time course and presenting characteristics of ureteral compromise caused by late radiation injury or tumor recurrence. Methods. The records of 1784 patients with FIGO stage IB carcinoma of the cervix treated with radiotherapy at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1960 and 1989 were reviewed. The characteristics of patients who developed ureteral stricture as a first manifestation of recurrent disease or without evidence of pelvic recurrence were compared. The risk of ureteral compromise was calculated actuarially. Results. There were 29 patients with severe radiation-induced ureteral stricture. The overall incidences of severe ureteral stenosis were 1.0, 1.2, 2.2, and 2.5% at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, respectively, reflecting a continuous actuarial risk increase of approximately 0.15% per year. Four patients died of complications from bilateral ureteral stricture. Patients who were treated with centrally blocked external fields or who received more than two transvaginal radiation treatments were at increased risk for developing ureteral stenosis. The risk was similar for patients treated with radiation alone or followed by extrafascial hysterectomy. Conclusions. During the first 5 years after treatment, tumor recurrence is the most common cause of ureteral stricture in patients treated with radiotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix. However, radiation injury to the ureter, although rare, may not become apparent for many years, necessitating continued vigilance throughout the lives of these patients
Clinical and biological significance of CXCR5 expressed by prostate cancer specimens and cell lines.

Chemokines and chemokine receptors have been shown to be involved in metastatic process of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we show primary PCa tissues and cell lines (LNCaP and PC3) express CXCR5, a specific chemokine receptor for CXCL13. Expression of CXCR5 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in PCa cases than compared to normal match (NM) tissues. CXCR5 intensity correlated (R2 = 0.97) with Gleason score. While prostate tumor tissues with Gleason scores ≥ 7, displayed predominantly nuclear CXCR5 expression patterns, PCa specimens with Gleason scores ≤ 6 showed predominantly membrane and cytoplasmic expression patterns that were comparable to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Similar to tissue expression, PCa cell lines expressed significantly more CXCR5 than normal prostatic epithelial cells (PrECs), and CXCR5 expression was distributed among intracellular and extracellular compartments. Functional in vitro assays showed higher migratory and invasive potentials toward CXCL13, an effect that was mediated by CXCR5. In both PCa cell lines, CXCL13 treatment increased the expression of collagenase-1 or matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), collagenase-3 (MMP-13), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), stromelysin-2 (MMP-10) and stromelysin-3 (MMP-11). These data demonstrate the clinical and biological relevance of the CXCL13-CXCR5 pathway and its role in PCa cell invasion and migration. © 2009 UICC
MMDB and VAST+: tracking structural similarities between macromolecular complexes

The computational detection of similarities between protein 3D structures has become an indispensable tool for the detection of homologous relationships, the classification of protein families and functional inference. Consequently, numerous algorithms have been developed that facilitate structure comparison, including rapid searches against a steadily growing collection of protein structures. To this end, NCBI's Molecular Modeling Database (MMDB), which is based on the Protein Data Bank (PDB), maintains a comprehensive and up-to-date archive of protein structure similarities computed with the Vector Alignment Search Tool (VAST). These similarities have been recorded on the level of single proteins and protein domains, comprising in excess of 1.5 billion pairwise alignments. Here we present VAST+, an extension to the existing VAST service, which summarizes and presents structural similarity on the level of biological assemblies or macromolecular complexes. VAST+ simplifies structure neighboring results and shows, for macromolecular complexes tracked in MMDB, lists of similar complexes ranked by the extent of similarity. VAST+ replaces the previous VAST service as the default presentation of structure neighboring data in NCBI's Entrez query and retrieval system. MMDB and VAST+ can be accessed via http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure.
CHIRAL SYMMETRY AND MESON LOOP MODEL FOR NON-LEPTONIC K AND D WEAK DECAYS

We show that K→ππ and charmed decays can be understood using chiral symmetry and a meson loop model to simulate first order weak decays driven by the heavy-W vector boson.
Monosynaptic reflexes (H-reflex) and motoneurone excitability in man.

SUMMARY The author reviews the rationale of neurophysiological techniques currently employed in the investigation of motor function in man. The physiological basis of monosynaptic reflexes elicited by mechanical or electrical means is critically considered; and recent evidence concerning the complexity of these evoked responses is presented. It is concluded that the critera currently utilized in evaluating motoneurone excitability and fusimotor function may not be entirely valid. RESUME Les auteurs font une revue des bases theoriques sur lesquelles reposent les techniques neurophysiologiques courantes utilisee pour apprecier la fonction mo trice chez l'homme. Une etude critique porte sur les bases physiologiques des reflexes monosynaptiques crees par stimulus mecaniques et electriques; de recentes indications de la complexite de ces reponses evoquees sont rapportees. Les auteurs concluent que les criteres couramment utilises pour evaluer l'excitabilitye des motoneurones et la fonction fusimotrice peuvent ne pas etre totalement satisfaisants. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Arbeit gibt einen Uberblick uber die theoretischen Grundlagen der neurophysio-logischen Methoden, die bei der Untersuchung der motorischen Funktion beim Menschen standig angewandt werden. Die physiologischen Grundlagen der monosynaptischen Reflexe, die mechanisch oder elektrisch ausgelost werden, werden erortert; und es wird ein neuer Gesichtspunkt bezuglich der Komplexitat dieser hervorgerufenen Reizantworten dargelegt. Daraus ergibt sich, das die Kriterien, die zur Beurteilung der Erregbarkeit der Motoneurone und der Funktion der Muskelspindeln standig herangezogen werden, nicht gauz ausreichen konnten. RESUMEN Se pasa en revista la exposition rational de las tecnicas neurofisiologicas empleadas actualmente en la investigacion de la funcion motora en el hombre. Se examina exigente-mente la base fisiologica de reflejos monosinapticos producidos por medios mecanicos o eleactricos, y se presenta evidencia reciente sobre la complejidad de tales iespuestas evocadas. Se concluye que los criterios que se emplean actualmente para valorar la excitabilidad motoneural y la funcion fusimotora pueden no ser enteramente validos.
3D velocity-independent elliptically anisotropic moveout correction

Azimuthal anisotropy or lateral velocity variations cause azimuthal variations in moveout velocity, which can degrade seismic images if handled improperly. In cases in which apparent azimuthally anisotropic moveout is present, a single picked velocity is inadequate to flatten an event on a 3D CMP gather. Conventional velocity-analysis techniques require a significant amount of time and effort, especially in areas where apparent anisotropy is observed. We propose a velocity-independent imaging approach to perform an elliptically anisotropic moveout correction in three dimensions. The velocity-independent approach relies on volumetric local traveltime slopes rather than aggregate velocities and therefore provides an azimuthally flexible description of traveltime geometries throughout the gather. We derive theoretical expressions for extracting the moveout slowness matrix and the angle between the symmetry and acquisition axes as volumetric local attributes. A practical inversion scheme to extract the same p...
LACTATING NORTH AMERICAN BEAVERS (CASTOR CANADENSIS) SHARING DENS IN THE SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES

Abstract During a radio-tracking study of North American beavers (Castor canadensis) in Arizona, we discovered three adult, lactating beavers using the same bank den at the same time. Two adult females 5.2 km downstream also were using the same den at the same time. For the first case, we documented use of communal dens by lactating adults on seven occasions during 68 days. For the second case, we documented communal use of a den on three occasions during 45 days. To test the hypothesis that these communal females were closely related, we used eight autosomal DNA microsatellites. Two females in the first den were first-order relatives. However, the other communal females were unrelated to the females with which they shared the den. We conclude that communal denning, where multiple females raise one or more litters in the same den, may have occurred in our study area and communal-denning partners are, in some cases, close kin.
PRACTICAL THEOLOGY AND POSTMODERN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

Abstract This article gives an overview of “practical theology” as an emerging paradigm, and discusses problems and possibilities in using the paradigm for religious education of “Generation X” in a postmodern context. The article posits that a postmodern sensibility does not imply the cognitive capacity for a truly postmodern style of meaning‐making. Drawing on Robert Kegan and the author's teaching experience with young adults, the article raises the caution that Generation X may not be prepared developmentally for postmodern educational approaches. Possibilities for using practical theological elements such as story, playfulness, and making connections are raised in relation to this age‐group.
NADPH Oxidase Inhibits the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by loss of tolerance to self nucleic acids. The source of autoantigen that drives disease onset and progression is unclear. A candidate source of autoantigen is the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET), which releases nucleic acids into the extracellular environment, generating a structure composed of DNA coated with antimicrobial proteins. On the basis of in vitro and patient correlative studies, several groups have suggested that NETs may provide lupus autoantigens. The observation that NET release (NETosis) relies on activity of the phagocyte NADPH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase (Nox2) in neutrophils of both humans and mice provided a genetic strategy to test this hypothesis in vivo. Therefore, we crossed an X-linked nox2 null allele onto the lupus-prone MRL.Fas(lpr) genetic background and assessed immune activation, autoantibody generation, and SLE pathology. Counter to the prevailing hypothesis, Nox2-deficient lupus-prone mice had markedly exacerbated lupus, including increased spleen weight, increased renal disease, and elevated and altered autoantibody profiles. Moreover, heterozygous female mice, which have Nox2 deficiency in 50% of neutrophils, also had exacerbated lupus and altered autoantibody patterns, suggesting that failure to undergo normal Nox2-dependent cell death may result in release of immunogenic self-constituents that stimulate lupus. Our results indicate that NETosis does not contribute to SLE in vivo; instead, Nox2 acts to inhibit disease pathogenesis, making this enzyme an important target for further study and a candidate for therapeutic intervention.
Estimating radiation-induced cancer risks at very low doses: rationale for using a linear no-threshold approach

The possible cancer risks caused by ionizing radiation doses of ~1 mSv or less are too small to be estimated directly from epidemiological data. The linear no-threshold (LNT) approach to estimating such risks involves using epidemiological data at higher (but still low) doses to establish an “anchor point”, and then extrapolating the excess cancer risk linearly down from this point to the low dose of interest. The study in this issue by Professor Tubiana and colleagues, summarizing a French Academy of Sciences report, argues that such LNT extrapolations systematically give substantial overestimates of the excess cancer risk at very low doses. We suggest that, to the contrary, even if there are significant deviations from linearity in the relevant dose range, potentially caused by the effects of inter-cellular interactions or immune surveillance, we know almost nothing quantitatively about these effects. Consequently, we do not know the magnitude, nor even the direction of any such deviations from linearity—the risks could indeed be lower than those predicted by a linear extrapolation, but they could well be higher.
The Uninvited Healer: Houses, Healing and Prophets in Matthew 8.1-22:

The account of the healing of Peter’s mother-in-law (Mt. 8.14-15; cf. Mk 1.29-31) has been rewritten and recontextualized by Matthew so as to recall speciﬁc stories about Elisha, speciﬁcally, the prophet’s raising of the Sunammite woman’s son (2 Kgs 4.18-37) and the prophet’s call by Elijah (1 Kgs 19.19-21). This editorial activity enhances the Gospel’s characterization of Jesus as a prophet, its characterization of those he heals as disciples, and its characterization of the Christian household as a center of ritual healing.
Using Java management extension standards as the basis for IceCube's experiment control

The IceCube Neutrino telescope, based at the South Pole, has chosen to build its control and monitoring system around the Java management extensions (JMX) standards, JSR-003 and JSR-160. This paper reviews these standards; explains the benefits of adopting them; reviews the off-the-shelf implementation and tools, based on these standards, selected by IceCube; and discusses how everything is brought together to create the "experiment control" system that is used by IceCube to control, configure and monitor both the experiment itself and the software that is running at the South Pole
Glutathione elevation by γ-Glutamyl cysteine ethyl ester as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing oxidative stress in brain mediated by in vivo administration of adriamycin : Implication for chemobrain

Oxidative stress in heart and brain by the cancer chemotherapeutic drug adriamycin (ADR), used for treating solid tumors, is well established. Long-term treatment with ADR in breast cancer patients has led to symptoms of cardiomyopathy. Less well recognized, but increasingly well documented, is cognitive dysfunction. After chemotherapy, free radical-mediated oxidative stress has been reported in both heart and brain. We recently showed a significant increase in protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation in brain isolated from mice injected intraperitonially (i.p) with ADR. Systemic administration of ADR also induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which leads to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in brain. Circulating TNF also causes mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to apoptotic pathways in brain. Inducible nitric oxide synthase also plays a role in ADR-induced TNF-mediated neurotoxicity. In addition, we previously showed a significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels in brain isolated from ADR injected mice, along with increased expression of multidrug-resistant protein-1 (MRP-1), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR). There was a significant decrease in activity of brain GST. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that, by elevating brain levels of GSH, the brain would be protected against oxidative stress in ADR-injected mice. gamma-Glutamyl cysteine ethyl ester (GCEE), a precursor of glutathione, injected i.p. (150 mg/ kg body weight) 4 hr prior ADR injection (20 mg/kg body weight) led to significantly decreased protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation in subsequently isolated mice brain compared with brain isolated from ADR-injected mice without GCEE. The GSH levels were restored to the level of brain isolated from saline-injected mice. Furthermore, the enzyme activity of GST was increased in brain isolated from ADR-injected mice previously injected with GCEE compared with the brain isolated from ADR-injected mice previously injected with saline. These results are discussed with regard to potential pharmacological prevention of brain cognitive dysfunction in patients receiving ADR chemotherapy.
SAM-T08, HMM-based protein structure prediction.

The SAM-T08 web server is a protein structure prediction server that provides several useful intermediate results in addition to the final predicted 3D structure: three multiple sequence alignments of putative homologs using different iterated search procedures, prediction of local structure features including various backbone and burial properties, calibrated E-values for the significance of template searches of PDB and residue–residue contact predictions. The server has been validated as part of the CASP8 assessment of structure prediction as having good performance across all classes of predictions. The SAM-T08 server is available at http://compbio.soe.ucsc.edu/SAM_T08/T08-query.html
Apparent thermal noise temperatures in the microwave region

The necessary equations are presented for obtaining the noise temperature due to thermal radiation which would be sensed by a receiver with an antenna located at some altitude above the earth. Emission and absorption of radiation by the atmosphere is considered. Calculated over-all absorptivities and apparent atmospheric temperatures are given as a function of antenna observation angle for beam paths through the atmosphere. Six wavelengths in the microwave band and three types of weather conditions were chosen for the calculations. Some typical antenna temperatures are presented as examples of the magnitudes of the effects to be expected as a function of the type of surface being viewed, the weather, and polarization.
A processing perspective for areal density projections for tape storage, disk drive storage, and flash memory

This paper approaches future areal density estimation for storage (tape, disk, and NAND flash) using processing and in particular minimum feature roadmaps. And discusses the process implications faced by recording storage for achieving these projections especially in the 2010 time period when disk areal densities are projected at 500 Gbit/in2, when disk drive minimum features converge with NAND flash features projected at 35 nm, and when a transition from continuous to patterned media may occur. The annual increases in IC memory density set the areal density increases that disk drives must achieve to maintain present day cost per bit ratios with solid state memory applications. Second, patterned media requires the formation of read and write sensors with dimensions that coincide with NAND flash dimensions. In sum, novel and cost effective minimum feature processing must be anticipated in order to sustain areal density growth for magnetic recording.
Hardware Acceleration of Matrix Multiplication on a Xilinx FPGA

The first MEMOCODE hardware/software co-design contest posed the following problem: optimize matrix-matrix multiplication in such a way that it is split between the FPGA and PowerPC on a Xilinx Virtex IIPro30. In this paper we discuss our solution, which we implemented on a Xilinx XUP development board with 256 MB of DRAM. The design was done by the five authors over a span of approximately 3 weeks, though of the 15 possible man-weeks, about 9 were actually spent working on this problem. All hardware design was done using Blue-spec SystemVerilog (BSV), with the exception of an imported Verilog multiplication unit, necessary only due to the limitations of the Xilinx FPGA toolflow optimizations.
Deficit in a Neural Correlate of Reality Monitoring in Schizophrenia Patients

Patients who suffer from the devastating psychiatric illness schizophrenia are plagued by hallucinations, bizarre behavior, and delusional ideas, such as believing that they are controlled by malevolent outside forces. A fundamental human cognitive operation that may contribute to these hallmark symptoms is the ability to maintain accurate and coherent self-referential processing over time, such as occurs during reality monitoring (distinguishing self-generated from externally perceived information). However, the neural bases for a disturbance in this operation in schizophrenia have not been fully explored. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we asked clinically stable schizophrenia patients to remember whether or not they had generated a target word during an earlier sentence completion task. We found that, during accurate performance of this self-referential source memory task, the schizophrenia subjects manifest a deficit in rostral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity—a brain region critically implicated in both the instantiation and the retrieval of self-referential information in healthy subjects. Impairment in rostral mPFC function likely plays a key role in the profound subjective disturbances that characterize schizophrenia and that are the aspect of the disorder most troubling to patients and to society at large.
Assessments of Voice Use and Voice Quality Among College/University Singing Students Ages 18-24 Through Ambulatory Monitoring With a Full Accelerometer Signal.

The multiple social and performance demands placed on college/university singers could put their still-developing voices at risk. Previous ambulatory monitoring studies have analyzed the duration, intensity, and frequency (in Hertz) of voice use among such students. Nevertheless, no studies to date have incorporated the simultaneous acoustic voice quality measures into the acquisition of these measures to allow for direct comparison during the same voicing period. Such data could provide greater insight into how young singers use their voices, as well as identify potential correlations between vocal dose and acoustic changes in voice quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the voice use and the estimated voice quality of college/university singing students (18-24 years old, N = 19). Ambulatory monitoring was conducted over three full, consecutive weekdays measuring voice from an unprocessed accelerometer signal measured at the neck. From this signal, traditional vocal dose metrics such as phonation percentage, dose time, cycle dose, and distance dose were analyzed. Additional acoustic measures included perceived pitch, pitch strength, long-term average spectrum slope, alpha ratio, dB sound pressure level 1-3 kHz, and harmonic-to-noise ratio. Major findings from more than 800 hours of recording indicated that among these students (a) higher vocal doses correlated significantly with greater voice intensity, more vocal clarity and less perturbation; and (b) there were significant differences in some acoustic voice quality metrics between nonsinging, solo singing, and choral singing.
Laboratory Investigations of Flight Activity and Production of Alatae in the Corn Leaf Aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Homoptera: Aphididae)

In flight-chamber studies, alate corn leaf aphids, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), which had been allowed to fly for 2 hours, settled on host plants more readily than aphids which had not exercised, and they had a shorter interval between isolation on the host and production of offspring. Their mortality rate in isolation cages was lower than that of nonexercised alatae. Newly postteneral alates with amputated antennae were slower to fly from host plants when confronted with a light source than those with intact antennae, but this was true only if the amputated portion included the third segment, on which antennal sensoria are most numerous. Production of alates among apterous adult R. maidis was greatest under conditions of crowding and increased host age. Photoperiod and temperature had no apparent influence on production of alatae.
The Problem of Positive Almost Periodic Solution of Ecological System with Dispersion

This paper considers a nonautonomous predator-prey dispersion ecological system in which prey species can diffuse among n-patches,while the predator species is confined to one patch and can not diffuse.It was proved that the system have a strictly positive almost periodic solution which is globally asymptotically stable by using Liapunov function.
Harmonic Assessment and controlling of Submerged Arc Furnace Load Based on ETAP Software

This paper addresses the harmonic problems caused by submerged arc furnace,and presents the assessment method of harmonic impact based on ETAP software.The load harmonic characteristic is added to the user-defined harmonic source,and the model of the harmonic analysis is then established;the harmonic effect on the bus of the point of common coupling is assessed by the harmonic simulation analysis.A filter is designed for the power consumer generating harmonic based on the evaluation results.The system frequency scanning is conducted on the model by ETAP software,and the parallel resonance position is obtained when the filter is put into the system.Finally,the filtering effect is analyzed by the harmonic flow analysis module.The results show that the expected filtering effectiveness is gained after the filter is put into system,and there is almost an consistency between simulation results and those obtained by field testing.The ETAP software can be used to make harmonic simulation and resonance analysis,and it can also help to avoid the resonance position by assisting the filter design to reduce the harmonic pollution effectively.
Renal Transplantation in Diabetic Patients with Glomerulosclerosis

When long-term dialysis failed as a method of treating uremia in diabetics, transplantation was undertaken as a last-ditch alternative, and although results are less satisfactory than in nondiabetics, approximately three fourths of those so treated have been salvaged. About two thirds have been totally rehabilitated; eyesight has generally been stabilized and neuropathy and other diabetic complications have improved.
The God of Abraham and Isaac (Newton)

What is Newton’s belief concerning the fate of the soul after the death of the body but prior to the resurrection of the body? It seems likely that Newton is some sort of Christian Mortalist. “Christian Mortalism,” a term which derives from Richard Overton’s Man’s Mortalitie (1643), encompasses a wide variety of unorthodox Christian views regarding the nature and fate of the human soul.1 While the term “mortalism” alone suggests an opposition to any form of immortality of the human soul or body, Christian Mortalists, like all genuine heretics, are a dangerous threat to orthodoxy because, while they accept the general claim of Christians regarding the divine authority of the Bible, they differ radically from orthodox Christians in their interpretations of key scriptural passages concerning the fate of the soul after the death of the body. In general, a Christian Mortalist believes, on the basis of a literalistic interpretation of particular scriptural texts, that the soul does not continue to exist as an independent, necessarily conscious, substance following the death of the body. When the body dies, the soul either “sleeps” until God “awakens” it (Psychopannychism) or is totally annihilated (Thnetopsychism) until God re-creates it by making the dead body live again. In both Psychopannychism and Thnetopsychism, the key factor in either the awakening or re-creation of the soul is a miraculous act of specially provident intervention by God.
Polarizability of the active site of cytochrome c reduces the activation barrier for electron transfer.

Enzymes in biology’s energy chains operate with low energy input distributed through multiple electron transfer steps between protein active sites. The general challenge of biological design is how to lower the activation barrier without sacrificing a large negative reaction free energy. We show that this goal is achieved through a large polarizability of the active site. It is polarized by allowing a large number of excited states, which are populated quantum mechanically by electrostatic fluctuations of the protein and hydration water shells. This perspective is achieved by extensive mixed quantum mechanical/molecular dynamics simulations of the half reaction of reduction of cytochrome c. The barrier for electron transfer is consistently lowered by increasing the number of excited states included in the Hamiltonian of the active site diagonalized along the classical trajectory. We suggest that molecular polarizability, in addition to much studied electrostatics of permanent charges, is a key parameter to consider in order to understand how enzymes work.
A Neural Network Approach to the Operational Strategic Determinants of market Value in High-Tech Oriented SMEs

The purpose of this paper is to present an adaptive performance model using backpropagation neural network (BPNN) in scrutinizing impact of strategic factors on firm performance, especially within high-tech SMEs in U.S. The novel design approach introduced in this paper segments SMEs into high and low performance groups and captures different impact patterns of strategic variables (e.g. R&D). This paper explores both explanatory and predictive capacity of a neural network and extends its application to the measurement of relative efficiency and subsequent prediction of potential improvement. This paper demonstrates effectiveness of a neural network for SME analysis and its potential advancement toward performance modeling as an adaptive decision support tool.
Magnetic resonance angiography

Magnetic resonance angiography , Magnetic resonance angiography , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
miR-505 Downregulates 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/ Fructose-2,6-Biphosphatase 4 to Promote Cell Death in Glioblastoma

Aim: The glycolytic enzyme, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4), mediates shifts in glycolytic flux and is important for glioblastoma cell survival. This study aimed to identify micro-RNAs that alter PFKFB4 expression to regulate glioblastoma cell survival. Methods: Western blot analyses, luciferase reporter assays, and public database analyses were used to predict and validate the regulation of PFKFB4 mRNA expression by miR-505 in glioblastoma. Cell growth and apoptosis assays were performed to determine the effects of miR-505 on the growth and survival of primary glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) and established glioblastoma cell lines. In addition, the correlations between patient survival and the expression of miR-505 and PFKFB4 mRNA in glioblastoma specimens were examined. Results: Using micro-RNA target prediction programs, a miR-505 binding site in the 3'-UTR of the PFKFB4 mRNA transcript was identified, and query of a public CLIP-Seq database indicated that PFKFB4 binds this site in living cells. It was found that fusion of the PFKFB4 3'-UTR to luciferase conferred regulation of luciferase activity by PFKFB4. In addition, Western blots revealed that miR-505 significantly decreased PFKFB4 protein expression in established glioblastoma cell lines and primary GSCs. Enforced PFKFB4 overexpression increased the growth of primary GSCs and established glioblastoma multiforme cell lines, and miR-505 antagonized this effect. By downregulating PFKFB4, miR-505 increased production of reactive oxygen species, thereby repressing glioblastoma cell growth and promoting glioblastoma cell death. Importantly, patient survival was positively correlated with miR-505 expression and negatively correlated with PFKFB4 mRNA expression in primary glioblastoma specimens. Conclusion: It was showed that miR-505 downregulates PFKFB4 expression in glioblastoma, thereby decreasing glioblastoma cell survival. Targeting PFKFB4 via miR-505 may represent a promising therapeutic approach in glioblastoma.
Chapter 14 – Religion

Christian authors argued over the centuries that the order , harmony, and design of the universe are incontrovertible evidence that the universe was created by an omniscient and omnipotent Creator. The most extensive formulation of this “argument from design” to demonstrate the existence of God was advanced by William Paley in his Natural Theology , published in 1802. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection disposed of Paley's arguments: the adaptations of organisms to their environments and ways of life are outcomes of a natural process that causes the gradual accumulation of features beneficial to organisms and accounts for the evolution of new species . There is “design” in the living world, but the design is not “intelligent,” as expected from an engineer, but imperfect and worse: defects, dysfunctions, oddities, waste, and cruelty pervade the living world. Science and religious faith need not be in contradiction. Science concerns processes that account for the natural world. Religion concerns the meaning and purpose of the world and of human life, the proper relation of humans to their Creator and to each other, and the moral values that inspire and govern people's lives.