cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sex pheromones of Noctuid moths. XXI. Light : dark cycle regulation and light inhibition of sex pheromone release by females of Trichoplusia ni.

Females of Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) synchronized to a 12:12 light :dark cycle at 24°C released sex pheromone only between 5 hours after dark and the end of the dark period. Peak release occurred from 8 to 11 hours after dark. The time of mating appears to be regulated by an endogenous circadian rhythm of female pheromone release. The numbers of females releasing pheromone per night were inversely correlated to light intensities of between 0.3 and 300 lux.
Spindles: one speckle at a time

The mitotic spindle is the molecular machine that distributes the chromosomes to the two daughter cells. By developing techniques to look at the behaviour of individual microtubules within the spindle, new insights into the organization of this exquisite structure have been provided.
Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole) affects growth of endometrioma cells in culture.

Abstract Objective To study the effects of aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole) on the growth and estradiol secretion of endometrioma cells in culture. Design Endometrioma cells are grown in vitro until maximum growth before used in this study. This was done in the research laboratory for tissue culture, in an academic hospital. Interventions Testosterone at a concentration of 10μg/mL was added as a substrate for the intracellular aromatase. In addition, aromatase inhibitor was added at a concentration of 200 and 300μg/mL. The effect on cell growth and estradiol secretion is evaluated using Student's t -test. Results The use of testosterone increased estradiol secretion by endometrioma cells in culture. The use of aromatase inhibitor significantly inhibited the growth of endometrioma cells, and estradiol secretion. Conclusion Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole) may be an effective treatment for endometriosis due to inhibition of cellular aromatase.
The Rights‐Based Approach to adult education: implications for NGO–government partnerships in Southern Tanzania1

This article relates key findings from an ethnographic study into the implementation of the Rights‐Based Approach in Tanzania. The Rights‐Based Approach is a burgeoning approach in international development that emphasises the rights of citizens and the duties of the State to provide services to the poor. By using the theoretical frameworks of Bourdieu and Foucault, the study interrogates the partnership between ActionAid Tanzania and the district government in Southern Tanzania. The study focuses on exercises and practices of socio‐cultural, economic, hegemonic and discourse‐based power. It argues that the Rights‐Based Approach is deeply challenging and involves considerable costs to all stakeholders (the term ‘stakeholder’ denotes all parties that have an interest or are influenced by particular programme or project) and that the discourse of the Rights‐Based Approach makes a number of assumptions that this article challenges.
Larval–Pupal Mortality of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Interaction of Soil, Moisture, and Temperature

Survival of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) larval and pupal stages was determined in several soil types at three levels of water saturation at 15 and 25°C, as well as in water. Survival was negatively correlated with the soil bulk density but positively, with percentage of porous space and percentage of water saturation. Temperature and soil texture both interacted with moisture to give the lowest emergence from dry soils with high bulk density at 15°C. Larvae submerged under water survived up to 4 d and pupae, 3 d. When submerged intermittently for 9 and 12 h daily, 65% of 3rd instar larvae and 17% of pupae, respectively, survived to emerge as adults. The pupal stage lasted 45–56 d at 15°C for survivors. Mortality in wet soils was not caused by pathogenic organisms. We conclude that water loss during a lengthy pupal period at low temperature in soils with low water holding capacity during the dry season is the probable cause of pupal mortality. Anoxia, on the other hand, may be the cause of death during the rainy season in soils with high bulk densities.
Chinese ink and brush painting with reflections

In this work, we have developed an approach to include global illumination effects into Chinese Paintings (see Figure 1). Our method provides a robust approach to represent tone and value in a way similar to how Chinese Ink-and-Brush is painted. The method, especially, supports reflection, shadow, atmospheric, depth and weathering effects. Using the method, we can recapture the aesthetic of irregularity in shapes and forms commonly seen in Chinese Painting. We also arrange composition in 3D to obtain multi-camera imagee that matches the compositions in Chinese painting. We also included cinematic lighting aesthetic in 3D Chinese painting to enhance mood and storytelling.
Chemistry and Mechanism of Alkene Polymerization Reactions with Metallocene Catalysts

The structures of oligomers formed in ethylene polymerization reactions catalyzed by metallocene complexes are described. Ethylene was homopolymerized and copolymerized with four 1-alkenes ― propene, hex-1-ene, hept-1-ene, and 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene ― using as catalysts (n-Bu-Cp) 2 ZrCl 2 and (Me-Cp) 2 ZrCl 2 complexes activated with MAO, both in the absence and in the presence of H 2 . Oligomers generated in these reactions are the low molecular weight "tails" of the molecular weight distributions of the respective homopolymers and copolymers. GC analysis affords structural identification of each polymer molecule, albeit a very short one, individually. Analysis of the co-oligomer structures provides explicit confirmation of the standard mechanisms and kinetics of chain growth and chain transfer reactions. The kinetic features include primary and secondary insertion reactions of 1-alkene molecules into Cp 2 Zr―C and Cp 2 Zr―H bonds, chain transfer reactions to AlMe 3 , independence of chain growth rate constants on the size of polymer chains attached to active centers, etc. GC analysis also yields detailed information on an unusual feature of metallocene catalysis, namely the formation of saturated macromolecules in ethylene polymerization reactions performed in the absence of H 2 .
Nature of 1f frequency fluctuations in quartz crystal resonators

Abstract The frequency fluctations measured in quartz crystal resonators of quality factor Q are proportional to Q −4.3 . The quantum approach to 1 f noise predicts fundamental fluctuations of the cross sections of elementary dissipative processes. Starting therefore from fluctuations of the total dissipative coefficient, a Q −4 -law is derived. Consequently, the noise is caused by dissipation fluctuations, rather than fluctuations in the density, or the real part of the Young modulus of the crystal.
Some aspects of the N=2 superstring.

The string model with /ital N/=2 world-sheet supersymmetry is approachedvia ghosts, Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin cohomology, and bosonization. Someamplitudes involving massless scalars and vectors are computed at the treelevel. The constraints of locality on the spectrum are analyzed. An attempt ismade to ''decompactify'' the model into a four-dimensional theory.
The application of rotational switching model to a cylindrical magnetic film and continuous planar film

A numerical method is presented to extend the coherent rotation model to the study of the dynamic switching behavior of continuous magnetic films for a nonuniformly distributed applied field. This field seriously affects the switching behavior of the film. Infinite planar films and cylindrical films with an applied magnetic field produced by a hairpin word strap are used as examples. The induced voltage from magnetic films is found to be very sensitive to the wave shape of the applied magnetic field as well as to the rise time and amplitude of the field. The calculations also include the bandwidth-limited sense system, which attenuates and distorts the induced voltage. A comparison with an experimental voltage from a cylindrical film was made. Also, the magnetostatic field distributions along the hard direction are determined for the static condition when torques on the magnetization approach zero.
Myelodysplasia presenting as granulocytic sarcoma of mediastinum causing superior vena cava syndrome

Granulocytic sarcomas (GS) are extramedullary tumor masses of immature myeloid cells, most frequently associated with hematological disorders including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Recent interest has centered upon the possible biologic properties that enable theses myeloid cells to adhere to tissues and establish a tumor mass. GS presenting as a mediastinal mass is relatively infrequent, and more uncommon is presentation with the superior vena cava syndrome. We present one such case and review some of the available literature.
Increased frameless stereotactic accuracy with high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging

BACKGROUND Frameless stereotaxy commonly registers preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to patients by using surface scalp anatomy or adhesive fiducial scalp markers. Patients' scalps may shift slightly between preoperative imaging and final surgical positioning with pinion placement, introducing error. This might be reduced when frameless stereotaxy is performed in a high-field intraoperative MRI (iMRI), as patients are positioned before imaging. This could potentially improve accuracy. OBJECTIVE To compare frameless stereotactic accuracy using a high-field iMRI with that using standard preoperative MRI. METHODS Data were obtained in 32 adult patients undergoing frameless stereotactic-guided brain tumor surgery. Stereotactic images were obtained with 1.5T MRI scanner either preoperatively (14 patients) or intraoperative (18 patients). System-generated accuracy measurements and distances from the actual center of each fiducial marker to that represented by neuronavigation were recorded. Finally, accuracy at multiple deep targets was assessed by using a life-sized human head stereotactic phantom in which fiducials were placed on deformable foam to mimic scalp. RESULTS : System-generated accuracy measurements were significantly better for the iMRI group (mean ± SEM = 1.04 ± 0.05 mm) than for the standard group (1.82 ± 0.09 mm; P < .001). Measured distances from the actual center of scalp fiducial markers to that represented by neuronavigation were also significantly smaller for iMRI (1.72 ± 0.10 mm) in comparison with the standard group (3.17 ± 0.22 mm; P < .001). Deep accuracy in the phantom model was significantly better with iMRI (1.67 ± 0.12 mm) than standard imaging (2.28 ± 0.14 mm; P = .003). CONCLUSION Frameless stereotactic accuracy is increased by using high-field iMRI compared with standard preoperative imaging.
Thank you for your service: Military initiatives on college campuses

Military students and their dependents arrive on college campuses with a diverse array of academic goals and support needs. A military friendly college understands that military students are transitioning from the professional military environment to the workforce, and academic work is part of that transition. A military friendly college is not one with a single office of military student services where all military students are referred, but is a culture of support that builds on the skills veterans bring to the academic setting, and supports the veterans’ transition into the workforce. This article will profile military students and a sampling of military students services at Western Kentucky University in Bowling Green, Kentucky.
Quantification of nuclear cardiac images: the Yale approach

Quantification of nuclear cardiac images provides a secondary support in reading myocardial perfusion images and improves the reproducibility in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The technology for the remote Web reading of nuclear cardiac images and the quantitative data allows for an easy and secured access to patient studies without the limitations of time and space. The recent increasing interests and applications in molecular targeted imaging have opened a new field in nuclear cardiology, and absolute image quantification of the focal tracer uptake in the myocardium is exceedingly critical for the quantitative analysis of molecular targeted images.
Reliability evaluation of a shut down system Part 2. System model

Abstract An automatic shut down system used in nuclear reactors is analysed and the complete system reliability is obtained. The down time of the various systems is calculated using the models developed in Part I.
Halothane hepatitis without halothane: Role of inapparent circuit contamination and its prevention

Halothane and other halogenated anesthetic agents are liquids which are highly soluble in rubber and plastic materials widely used as components of anesthesia machines. These agents must be administered using machines equipped with vaporizers. We report a patient with a past history of halothane hepatitis in whom recurrence was suspected despite the fact that halothane had been avoided purposely during the subsequent operation. Circumstances led us to believe that inapparent circuit contamination of vaporizer-equipped anesthesia machine with halothane may be responsible for the inadvertant rechallenge and recurrence of halothane hepatitis. Vaporizer-equipped machines were tested for inapparent contamination with halothane and enflurane using Perkin-Elmer mass spectrometer. Oxygen alone was passed through the anesthesia circuits, and gas in the efferent limbs of the machines was tested for halothane (in eight machines) and enflurane (in two machines) which were found in various concentrations in all machines so tested. Our findings suggest that inapparent contamination may be widely prevalent in vaporizer-equipped anesthesia machines. The validity of this conclusion was confirmed in five patients with previous diagnosis of halothane hepatitis who subsequently underwent operations under general anesthesia during which machines never equipped with vaporizers were successful in preventing recurrence of hepatitis. We conclude that patients with a prior history of halothane hepatitis are at risk of inapparent circuit contamination-induced recurrent hepatitis. Unless such contamination can be confidently excluded, vaporizer-equipped machines should not be used to administer general anesthesia in these susceptible patients.
Quartz crystal microbalance with microfluidic multi-stream solution control for mineralization kinetic analysis

Abstract We present a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor integrated with microfluidic multi-stream solution control for a variety of analysis applications, including improved studies of mineralization kinetics. The cost-effective assembly of this device and functionality of the QCM crystal in situations of rigid and viscoelastic mass loading are demonstrated. The significant advantage of this system is the control of solution mixing on-chip through the use of laminar parallel-flow which creates a liquid–liquid reaction interface at the QCM sensor. This shows improved sensor response times, due to laminar flow, of 105 Hz/min compared to 19 Hz/min for turbulent mixing in a bulk solution flow cell. This device adds to the current real-time mass measurements obtained from traditional QCM by allowing for simultaneous optical microscopy. The combination of QCM mass analysis, optical microscopy, and laminar parallel-flow to achieve a liquid–liquid reaction interface provides an analytical system well suited for the study of controlled mineralization. The microfluidic solution flow decreases non-specific mineralization and offers significant experimental control.
Photosensitized degradation of caffeine: role of fulvic acids and nitrate.

Abstract The photolysis of caffeine was studied in solutions of fulvic acid isolated from Suwannee River, GA (SRFA) and Old Woman Creek Natural Estuarine Research Reserve, OH (OWCFA) with different chemical amendments (nitrate and iron). Caffeine degrades slowly by direct photolysis (>170 h in artificial sunlight), but we observed enhanced photodegradation in waters containing the fulvic acids. At higher initial concentrations (10 μM) the indirect photolysis of caffeine occurs predominantly through reaction with the hydroxyl radical (OH ) generated by irradiated fulvic acids. Both rate constant estimates based upon measured OH steady-state concentrations and quenching studies using isopropanol corroborate the importance of this pathway. Further, OH generated by irradiated nitrate at concentrations present in wastewater effluent plays an important role as a photosensitizer even in the presence of fulvic acids, while the photo-Fenton pathway does not at neutral or higher pH. At lower initial concentrations (0.1 μM) caffeine photolysis reactions proceed even more quickly in fulvic acid solutions and are influenced by both short- and long-lived reactive species. Studies conducted under suboxic conditions suggest that an oxygen dependent long-lived radical e.g., peroxyl radicals plays an important role in the degradation of caffeine at lower initial concentration.
RAMAN SCATTERING STUDIES OF PHONON-SURFACE-POLARITONS

One of the ways to observe phonon-surface-polaritons (PhSP) is by inelastic scattering of light. We have measured the Raman spectra of PhSP in GaAs, GaP and GaSe for various geometries and surface conditions. Here we review the information obtained by Raman spectroscopy, highlight interesting discoveries and indicate further are as of study.
Campus Suicide Prevention: Bridging Paradigms and Forging Partnerships

Colleges and universities are increasingly recognizing the need to expand suicide-prevention efforts beyond the standard, clinical-intervention paradigm of suicide prevention, which relies on referral to, and treatment by, mental health services. These services frequently struggle, however, to provide effective, comprehensive care. After reviewing findings that support the need to adopt a broader, problem-focused paradigm, the article provides a framework for bridging this paradigm with the clinical-intervention approach and for conceptualizing a full continuum of preventive interventions. For each level of intervention (ranging from the individual to the ecological), we describe the goals and methods used, and provide examples to illustrate the role of psychiatrists and other campus mental health providers in the collaborative partnerships that must form to support a comprehensive, campus-wide suicide-prevention strategy.
The importance of tissue specificity for RNA-seq: highlighting the errors of composite structure extractions.

Background: A composite biological structure, such as an insect head or abdomen, contains many internal structures with distinct functions. Composite structures are often used in RNA-seq studies, though it is unclear how expression of the same gene in different tissues and structures within the same structure affects the measurement (or even utility) of the resulting patterns of gene expression. Here we determine how complex composite tissue structure affects measures of gene expression using RNA-seq. Results: We focus on two structures in the honey bee (the sting gland and digestive tract) both contained within one larger structure, the whole abdomen. For each of the three structures, we used RNA-seq to identify differentially expressed genes between two developmental stages, nurse bees and foragers. Based on RNA-seq for each structure-specific extraction, we found that RNA-seq with composite structures leads to many false negatives (genes strongly differentially expressed in particular structures which are not found to be differentially expressed within the composite structure). We also found a significant number of genes with one pattern of differential expression in the tissue-specific extraction, and the opposite in the composite extraction, suggesting multiple signals from such genes within the composite structure. We found these patterns for different classes of genes including transcription factors. Conclusions: Many RNA-seq studies currently use composite extractions, and even whole insect extractions, when tissue and structure specific extractions are possible. This is due to the logistical difficultly of micro-dissection and unawareness of the potential errors associated with composite extractions. The present study suggests that RNA-seq studies of composite structures are prone to false negatives and difficult to interpret positive signals for genes with variable patterns of local expression. In general, our results suggest that RNA-seq on large composite structures should be avoided unless it is possible to demonstrate that the effects shown here do not exist for the genes of interest.
Tumor-associated macrophages press the angiogenic switch in breast cancer

The development of a supportive vasculature is essential for tumor progression. In a mouse model of breast cancer, we found that tumor-associated macrophages that are recruited to the tumor just before malignant conversion are essential for the angiogenic switch. These findings establish a causal linkage to explain well-documented clinical correlations between macrophages, microvessel density, and poor prognosis in breast tumors.
Hardware compressed main memory: operating system support and performance evaluation

A new memory subsystem, called Memory Xpansion Technology (MXT), has been built for compressing main memory contents. MXT effectively doubles the physically available memory transparently to the CPUs, input/output devices, device drivers, and application software. An average compression ratio of two or greater has been observed for many applications. Since compressibility of memory contents varies dynamically, the size of the memory managed by the operating system is not fixed. In this paper, we describe operating system techniques that can deal with such dynamically changing memory sizes. We also demonstrate the performance impact of memory compression using the SPEC CPU2000 and SPECweb99 benchmarks. Results show that the hardware compression of memory has a negligible performance penalty compared to a standard memory for many applications. For memory starved applications and benchmarks such as SPECweb99, memory compression improves the performance significantly. Results also show that the memory contents of many applications can be compressed, usually by a factor of two to one.
On the application of a liquid-dielectric ionization chamber to 252 Cf dosimetry.

Our investigations of an iso-octane-filled liquid-dielectric ionization chamber indicate that this dosimeter is well suited for the measurement of dose distributions at distances close to /sup 252/Cf interstitial implant sources. Initial research has shown that such an instrument provides good discrimination between the radiation components of a mixed field and possesses excellent sensitivity. Calculations indicate that iso-octane will yield a neutron and ..gamma..-ray dose response independent of energy over a major part of the /sup 252/Cf spectral range, while transmission measurements have demonstrated that the liquid causes little perturbation of the radiation field. (AIP)
Methodology for safety improvement programming using constrained network-level optimization

This paper develops and implements a decision support framework that prescribes and prioritizes cost-effective safety improvements at deserving locations under funding constraints, economic and comprehensive crash cost methods, at rural two-lane highway sections. The framework is demonstrated using Indiana’s 7700-mile rural two-lane network. For sections that are both deficient and hazardous under unconstrained budget and economic crash cost method, it was determined that $55 M is needed. Assuming a safety budget of $1 M/year over a 5-year period, it was found that 170–180 crashes (translating to $8–15 M) could be prevented. If the annual budget is increased to $2 M/year over a 5-year period, 244 crashes (translating to $12–26 M) can be prevented. Monetary amounts are in Year 2000 constant dollars. Overall, the results suggest that perpetual increases in highway safety improvements spending are not likely to be accompanied by a commensurate reduction of crashes at rural two-lane highways. In other words, there is a ceiling to the effectiveness of engineering safety countermeasures, and therefore non-engineering countermeasures such as safety education and enforcement must be sought to complement the engineering efforts at rural two-lane highways.
The effect of a red background on location backward masking by structure.

It has been established that diffuse red light partially suppresses the magnocellular (M) visual pathway. Previous research reported that metacontrast masking is reduced (improved accuracy) with a red background, consistent with a reduction in M pathway response from the mask. In contrast, a recent study used location backward masking by noise and found that accuracy decreased with a red background—theoretically due to suppression of the M pathway’s initial localization of the target. The present study provides the first report examining the effect of red light on performance in a location backward masking by structure task. Results revealed a main effect of a red (as opposed to a green) background on reducing masking (improved accuracy) with a medium effect size (η2 5 .23). This effect was strongest at the 47- and 60-msec stimulus onset asynchronies. Results suggest that red light primarily decreases interference from the mask in location backward masking by structure.
Segregation in yttrium aluminum garnet : II. Theoretical calculations

Calculations based on ionic space-charge models of doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) have been compared to experimental measurements of surface segregation in crystals of various compositions. The comparison allows limits for vacancy-formation energies to be set. The range for anion:cation formation-energy ratios has been established to be 0.20-0.23, based on the reasonable assumptions that the formation energy of the yttrium ion is 75% of that of the aluminum ion and the Schottky defect formation energy is 4.2 eV. The model explains the experimental observation of calcium at the surface regardless of net acceptor excess or net donor excess. The relationship between vacancy-formation energy and dopant excess has been used to construct segregation maps for YAG, which are useful in materials design strategies.
Relating Categories in Grounded Theory Analysis: Using a Conditional Relationship Guide and Reflective Coding Matrix

This paper describes the process for employing two principal instruments for relating the categories identifying the central phenomenon in grounded theory analysis. The Conditional Relationship Guide contextualizes the central phenomenon and relates structure with process. The second tool, the Reflective Coding Matrix, captures the higher level of
A New Synthesis of 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines by a Retro-Mannich Cascade Rearrangement

We discovered a new retro-Mannich reaction of in situ prepared pyrazolopyridines to give pyrazolopyrimidines that have hitherto been underrepresented in the heterocyclic chemistry literature. The isolation of a linear hydrolysis product supports a mechanistic hypothesis for this rearrangement process. In order to establish a broader access and explore potential biological applications for these medicinal chemistry building blocks, we investigated the scope of the reaction and generated small amine- as well as amide-based libraries through reductive aminations and amide couplings, respectively.
''WOMAN TO WOMAN''—THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RELIGIOSITY FOR YOUNG WOMEN IN JORDAN

Abstract The notion that religiosity among the people in the Middle East in general and among women in particular is on the rise and is widespread in academic as well as popular literature. In this article, which is based on fieldwork among young, middle class, Christian and Muslim women in Jordan, I argue not only that this notion is a gross generalization, which pays little attention to regional, ethnic, age, or class differences among women in Middle Eastern societies, but I also have a look at the various ways in which religious dogmas such as Islam and Orthodox Christianity, which prevail in Jordan, discriminate against female believers, and how many women manipulate these religious systems in order to empower themselves. Furthermore, I try to shed more light on the often-held assumption that Muslim and Christian Orthodox women in Jordan differ enormously in their beliefs and practices. Through these elaborations I would like to illustrate how young, highly educated, middle class Muslim and Christian women in Jordan perceive and live their religiosity (or non-religiosity) against a backdrop of an increased significance of Islamic and Islamist discourses in their society.
Automated design of random dopant fluctuation resistant MOSFETs

An optimization technique is presented for the design of fluctuation resistant MOSFETs. This technique allows the computation of the doping profiles that minimize the standard deviation of fluctuations of transistor parameters induced by random dopant fluctuations (RDF). Constraints are taken into consideration by using the Lagrange multipliers technique. It is shown that by carefully designing the doping profiles, the random dopant-induced fluctuations of threshold voltage can be suppressed up to 50% in MOSFETs with channel lengths of 25 nm. Analytical equations are presented for the optimum doping profiles that minimize the random dopant-induced fluctuations of the threshold voltage in long-channel MOSFETs. It is shown that, in both long-channel and short-channel devices, the size of the undoped region should be at least ? of the width of the depletion region in order to suppress efficiently the random dopant-induced fluctuations.
An interactive decision support system for the resource Constrained Scheduling Problem

Abstract One of the most demanding managerial decision making problems is the assignment of scarce resources to activities over time to optimize some measure of performance. For a version of this problem known as the Resource Constrained Scheduling Problem, Norbis and Smith have developed dynamic heuristics. In this paper an interactive schema is presented that allows the Decision Maker to change the relative priority of the jobs as well as the priority rules. Experimental results are presented with the interactive DSS for comparing alternative scheduling rules.
Lead-time reduction through flexible routing: Application to Shape Deposition Manufacturing

Manufacturing process plans are usually defined by the sequence of operations a job has to go through to transform raw materials to a finished product. Restricting process plans to be a sequence of operations often overconstraints the process plan beyond what processing technology would require. Relaxing the strict ordering in which operations are prescribed in conventional process plans can result in substantial reductions of lead-time in manufacturing. Machine scheduling can take advantage of this fact by optimizing simultaneously the job schedule and order of operations in each job. This approach has been proposed by other researchers. However, static optimization has well-known problems dealing with process variability, schedule 'nervousness' when the program conditions are perturbed (e.g. addition of a new job, machine downtime) and the effect of a planning horizon. This paper presents results for Shape Deposition Manufacturing (SDM) that show that reductions of queuing time of up to 80% can be achie...
Clay minerals in the MacAdams Sandstone, California: implications for substitution of H3O+ and H2O and metastability of illite

Clay minerals from the MacAdams Sandstone, Kettleman North Dome, California, have been studied by electron microscopy. The clay minerals fill pore space associated with fractured and brecciated clasts of K-feldspar. Curved packets of muscovite and kaolinite are caused by deformation of detrital muscovite that resulted in opening of fissures subsequently filled with dominant kaolinite and minor intergrown mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S). Regions of authigenic R1 I/S (rectorite) with characteristic ~20 A periodicity are intergrown with kaolinite in microfissures within K-feldspar or detrital muscovite. Clusters of small grains of muscovite with nearly ideal composition occur as stacks and intergrown with kaolinite and are tentatively inferred to be authigenic. Contrary to previous reports, no illite was found in these samples.
The ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure

The ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure was originally developed to reverse temporary tracheal occlusion in patients who had undergone foetal surgery for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). In a select group of foetuses with CDH, tracheal occlusion is used to obstruct the normal flow of foetal lung fluid and to stimulate lung expansion and growth. With the airway obstructed, airway management at birth is critical. The solution was to arrange delivery in such a way that the occlusion could be removed and the airway secured while the baby remained on placental support. If the uterus was kept relaxed and the utero-placental blood flow kept intact, the foetus could remain on a maternal 'heart-lung machine' while the airway was secured. While the technique of tracheal occlusion remains under study in clinical trials, EXIT procedures have been shown to be useful for management of other causes of foetal airway obstruction.
Governmentality, Neoliberalism, and the Professionalisation of School Counselling

Foucault examines government as a practice and problematic that first emerges in the sixteenth century. Government emerges at this time as a general problem dispersed across quite different areas of life. Foucault discusses the Stoic revival focusing on the government of oneself; the government of souls elaborated in Catholic and Protestant pastoral doctrine; the government of children and the problematic of pedagogy; and, last but not least, the government of the State by the prince. Governmentality is Foucault’s innovation that acts as a bridge between his early work on the self and disciplinary societies and his later work on economic liberalism. As a naturalised Kantian, Foucault wants to understand the self as a cultural and historical construction created or fabricated, in part, through the disciplines that take as central the freedom of the subject and his or her autonomy. Autonomy in this context, as Foucault reminds us, is a byword for self-regulation (where auto=self, nomos=law). The notion of self-regulation and autonomy can be explored in a collective sense and I use the term as a means of exploring the professionalisation of the ’discipline’ - counselling, which in a double sense fulfils Foucault’s notion of a discipline, especially in its applied sense as a therapy of the self that encourages and is itself predicated upon the subject’s freedom. It also satisfies the more sociological criteria for the development of a discipline in terms of its ongoing professionalisation. The second aspect, governmentality, I address through an application of Foucault’s idea to the contemporary significance of neoliberalism, where in New Zealand, it provides the context within which reforms to education took place during the 1980s and 1990s. This is the context within which also the professionalisation of school counselling took place in New Zealand.
Virtuous Belief Formation

In this chapter, I elucidate each of the three aspects of Descartes’s account of virtuous belief formation that I introduced in Chap. 3. First, I explain his account of virtuous enquiry, clarifying its proper structure, goal, and scope. Second, I explain his account of virtuous judgment, clarifying the norms (1) for accepting propositions concerning ordinary matters, (2) for judging propositions concerning theological propositions, and (3) for judging propositions concerning scientific propositions. Third, I explain his account of virtuous belief fixation, in light of both his conception of virtue and his understanding of the need for a program by which people fix their beliefs.
In-situ analytics for tomographic imaging in sensor network

In both industry and academia, the seismic exploration does not yet have the capability of illuminating the physical dynamics with high resolution and in real-time. The major bottleneck in real-time monitoring today is to transfer large volume of raw data for post processing. Although computation capacity and sampling rate of sensors have increased exponentially, we still have challenges in terms of communication and battery life. To monitor physical dynamics in real-time and to avoid costly data transfer, we need to perform in-situ computation and analytics. In this paper, we present a decentralized least-squares solver that can perform in-network computation and generate tomography image in real time. The proposed solution is evaluated using both synthetic and real data set. Preliminary evaluation shows that the decentralized method can recreate the image close to the one obtained from the centralized computation. We envision the system can be applied to a wide range of seismic exploration topics such as hydrothermal, oil exploration, mining safety, mining resource monitoring. The scientific and social impact is broad and significant.
Understanding China's Rising Rights Consciousness

Claims that China's people are exhibiting a rising “rights consciousness” have become commonplace, with some suggesting this phenomenon is driving political change. Yet it is often unclear what the concept means, leading to ambiguous or contradictory conclusions from field research. In order to create a basis for more systematic analysis, we develop a rational choice framework that characterizes three different factors that could lead to rights-conscious behaviour: changing values, changing government policies, and changing expectations of the behaviour of others. What rising rights consciousness implies for social stability can vary dramatically, depending on which change is at work. Rights consciousness resulting from changes in values or in shared expectations of behaviour is destabilizing for the CCP's continued rule, whereas rights consciousness derived from government policies has a stabilizing effect. While in practice these can be interrelated in complex ways, empirical research would benefit from greater attention to these distinctions.
Abstract 311: Comparative Effectiveness of Outpatient Cardiovascular Disease Care Delivery Between Physician and Non-Physician Primary Care Providers: Implications for Care Under the Affordable Care Act

Introduction: With the Affordable Care Act (ACA) implementation, the current number of physicians will not be sufficient to accommodate 30-40 million Americans receiving health care access. A proposed solution is to utilize non-physicians (nurse practitioners, physician assistants) for chronic disease care. Recent studies have shown comparable quality of outpatient cardiovascular disease (CVD) care between physicians and non physicians in cardiology practices. We compared the quality of CVD care between non-physicians and physicians in a primary care setting. Methods: We identified CVD (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular or peripheral artery disease) patients with a primary care visit between October 2013 and September 2014 in 130 Veterans Affairs facilities. Using hierarchical regression adjusting for illness-severity and other covariates ( Table ), we compared proportion of patients with BP <140/90 mmHg, LDL-C <100 mg/dL, receiving a statin, receiving moderate to high intensity statin, or receiving a beta-blocker (in those with MI in the last 2 years) among patients receiving care from physicians (n=934,950) and non-physicians(252,085). We also compared the proportion meeting the 3 measures (BP <140/90mmHg, receiving a statin, and receiving a beta-blocker) among eligible patients receiving care from physicians and non-physicians. Results (Table): Although quality of care was numerically comparable; patients receiving care from non-physicians were statistically more likely to have BP control, whereas, patients receiving care from physicians were more likely to have cholesterol control (LDL-C <100 mg/dL, statin or moderate-high intensity statin use), or receive a beta-blocker in adjusted models. Importantly, overall CVD care quality did not differ, with only 54.0% and 54.8% of those receiving care from physicians and non-physicians meeting all 3 eligible measures. Conclusion: Overall CVD care quality delivered by physicians and non-physicians was comparable with modest differences in specific measures. Therefore, a collaborative care delivery model employing physicians and non-physicians may deliver comparable CVD quality to a physician-only model. Regardless of the provider type, there is a need to improve global performance on all eligible measures in CVD patients. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Editor’s Overview: Peer Mentoring and Collaborative Discourses in Higher Education

Contributors to this issue of the Mentoring & Tutoring journal are geographically and culturally diverse. They work in higher education institutions in Australia, Canada, South Africa, the United K...
Disparate Regulatory Schemes for Parallel Activities: Securities Regulation, Derivatives Regulation, Gambling, and Insurance

Although bearing striking similarities to each other in many respects, securities investments, non-securities derivative investments, insurance and gambling are subject not only to different regulatory regimes but also to vastly different levels of government interference. Traditionally, stringent prohibitions characterize the insurance and gambling industries, whereas regulation of investments in securities and derivatives occurs primarily through disclosure requirements. Also there is striking contrast in the current approaches taken to securities and non-securities derivatives regulation. If, however, these activities are so similar in nature, does a rational basis exist for widely differing regulatory schemes? If no rational basis can be found how do we identify whether the current deregulation trend moving through the derivatives markets is a sensible change when regulation in the securities market is increasing? This article ultimately questions the absence of a consistent approach in regulating securities, nonsecurities derivatives, insurance and gambling. Among other things, the article questions whether deregulation of the derivatives market is a prudent maneuver in light of its similarities with more heavily regulated activities.
Novel role of HIF-1alpha in tubular Na transport in the remnant kidney (860.7)

Remnant nephrons after subtotal nephrectomy (STN) show significant hyperfiltration. We have also shown increased oxygen consumption for tubular Na reabsorption in STN leading to hypoxia. We hypothe...
An Iterative Bidirectional Beam Propagation Method for Multi-Interface Reflective Photonic Devices

Since it was first proposed by Kaczmarski [1], the bidirectional beam propagation method (BPM) has been continually improved [2-6] to model an increasing range of reflective guided-wave optical devices, such as waveguide junctions, laser facets and grating structures.
Luteolytic action of prolactin during estrous cycle of the mouse.

In the rat prolactin has been shown to exent a luteotropic action an newly formed corpora lutea and a lutmlytic effect on older corpora lutea (1). During each estrous cycle of the rat, luteolysis of corpora lutea from previous cycles occurs (2, 3). Recent work from our laboratory has shown that the proestrous surge of prolactin during the estrous cycle is responsible for luteolysis of the old corpora lutea (4). Billeter and Fluckiger (5) also reported a luteolytic action by prolactin when injected daily in cycling rats with an ergot drug (CB 154) for 21 days.In the mouse prolactin produces a luteotropic action on the corpora lutm (2), but a luteolytic action for prolactin has not been described. A brief report by Kwa and Verhofstad (6) states that during the estrous cycle of the mouse, blood prolactin rises beginning late in proestrus and reaches a peak early in estrus. It was of interest therefore to determine in the mouse whether inhibition of prolactin secretion by the drug ergocornine (EC) during proe...
Working with Cancer: Providing a Meaningful Alternative to Cooking Meth

Advances in cancer treatment are saving lives, but along with the benefits come challenges. Millions of cancer survivors of working age need to support themselves and their families. This article analyzes the impact of cancer on employment starting with the empirical evidence from researchers affiliated with medical centers. This research provides a foundation, not previously explored in the legal literature, for assessing the existing laws relating to cancer and employment. Viewing the law through this lens, which reveals the complex relationship between cancer and employment, exposes the promise and the weaknesses of existing laws and offers ideas about legal changes that would better meet the needs of cancer survivors.
Safety Analysis of Drinking Water in Huaning County of Yunnan Province

[Objective]To investigate and analyze the water quality dynamic change and safety situation of drinking water in Huaning county of Yunnan province,provide the evidence for government decision-making.[Methods]The monitoring results of drinking water in this county from 2005 to 2009 were analyzed,and the present situation investigation,analysis and evaluation about the safety problems of drinking water were performed.[Results]The water quality of central water supply was obviously better than that of rural drinking water,and there were significant differences in the qualified rate of sense and general index (turbidity,free residual chlorine,visible to naked eye and ammonia nitrogen),microbiological index (total bacterial count and coliform bacteria) and metallic index (iron and manganese) between central water supply and rural drinking water.There were significant differences in the qualified rate of turbidity and ammonia nitrogen between dry and wet season water quality in rural areas.[Conclusion]The main measures for ensuring drinking water safety are improvement of protection,monitoring and management of water source.Much attention should be paid to various unsafe factors of drinking water in rural areas.
Analysis on monitoring results of iodine deficiency disorders in Suzhou from 2008 to 2012

Objective To understand the progress in prevention and Cure of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) in Suzhou and to provide scientific basis for further prevention control.Methods 9 660 households in 5 districts were selected to collect their salt from 2008 to 2012.The iodine content was detected by the direct titration method.6 602 children aged 8-10 years were selected to detect urinary iodine level by Ceric Arsenite Catalytic spectrophotometric method,the thyroid goiter were detected by palpation.Results From 2008 to 2012,in iodine deficiency areas of Suzhou,the median of iodine content in salt was ranged 29.68~31.51mg/kg,the coverage rate of iodinated salt was kept from 99.3% to 100%,qualified iodized salt was kept from 99.01% to 99.67% and edible qualified iodized salt rate was kept from 98.02% to 99.67%.In high-iodine areas,the rate of edible salt without iodine was ranged from 76.72% to 98.21%.The median of urinary iodine in iodine deficiency areas and high-iodine areas were 255.5~319.0μg/L and 469.0-888.8μg/L,goiter rate were 1.25%~2.0% and 2.33%~3.7% respectively.Conclusions From 2008 to 2012,the rate of household qualified iodized salt in Suzhou achieved the national standardization of IDD elimination goal,but the value of urinary iodine exceeded the high value greatly in high-iodine areas.Just by carrying out salt without iodine cannot overcome iodine uptake excessively.