cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hyperleptinemia in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis:

ObjectiveTo determine whether the increased plasma leptin levels reported in hemodialyzed patients is a feature of end-stage renal disease or an artifact of hemodialysis, we studied plasma levels i...
Secondary socialization of andragogical content knowledge: What are the forces at work in an oil and gas safety training conference?

Abstract This study examines the larger sociological issues surrounding the standardization and institutionalization of safety training in the United States. The data consist of .MP3 audio files of professional development sessions recorded at a major international oil and gas safety conference. Qualitative content analysis is carried out using deductive and inductive techniques. Findings include that standards are built by subjective consensus and bypass empirically and philosophically based knowledge supporting adult education in safety training. The study also discusses the need for empirically based adult safety education in high risk industries respective to individual safety cultures. A number of reforms are recommended.
Modeling and control of breathing: perspectives from pre- to post-genomic era. Opening remarks for IX Oxford conference.

Three years ago on Cape Cod, Massachusetts in the U.S., the VIII Oxford Conference celebrated a new millennium of frontiers in modeling and control of breathing. Today, we are thrilled to be here to once again try and push the envelope on this important field with a brand new post-genomic perspective.
Study on Hybrid Multisensor Data Fusion Algorithm of Airborne Submarine Detecting System

A sensor data model was built on appropriate data fusion structure and data fusion frame according to the characters of these detecting devices on aviation Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) platform. Two kinds of data fusion algorithm were given and simulations were made also.
A Homeric Writing Exercise and Reading Homer in School

The Hougthon Library of Harvard University preserves a papyrus fragment which was formerly in the Semitic Museum. Since the fragment was found at Oxyrhynchus, it was described (but never edited) by Grenfell and Hunt in P.Oxy. IV 761, together with some other Homeric fragments.
Abstract 235: Predictors of functional decline over time in an urban population: The Northern Manhattan Study

Background: There is limited data on predictors of long-term functional status in population samples, and even less about the effect of vascular risk factors on function. We hypothesized that functional status would decline over time, and that vascular risk factors would affect function and mediate functional decline. Methods: The Northern Manhattan Study contains a prospective, population-based study of 3298 stroke-free individuals >40 years of age, followed for a median of 11 years for vascular events. The Barthel index (BI) was assessed annually and analyzed as a continuous variable on a 100-point scale. Generalized estimating equations models were adjusted for demographic, medical, and social risk factors assessed at baseline. Models were censored and uncensored for stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) occurring during follow-up. Secondarily, motor and non-motor domains of the BI were analyzed separately, and models were stratified by age. Results: Mean age (standard deviation) was 69.2 (10) years, 37% were male, 52% Hispanic, 22% had diabetes, and 74% hypertension. Among 3298 participants, there were 33556 BI assessments. There was an annual decline of 1.02 BI points (p<0.0001). Predictors of change in BI over time included: age (−0.08 BI points per year; p<0.0001), Hispanic ethnicity (−0.22 per year, compared to white; p=0.016), female sex (−0.30 per year, compared to male; p<0.0001), diabetes (−0.38 per year, compared to non-diabetics; p=0.0002), and depression (−0.26 per year, compared to no depression; p=0.046). Results did not change when stroke and MI were censored. Magnitude and significance of predictors of BI were similar for motor and non-motor domains. The following had a different effect on change in BI in those above the median age (68 years), compared to those less than or equal to the median: age (−0.15 per year vs. −0.03; p for difference <0.0001), female compared to male sex (−0.43 per year vs. −0.15; p=0.049), and depression compared to no depression (−0.64 per year vs. −0.008, p=0.023). Conclusion: In this large, population-based, multi-ethnic study with long-term follow-up, we found a 1% mean decline in function per year that did not change when the effect of vascular events was excluded by censoring. Vascular risk factors predicted functional decline even in the absence of clinical events. The impact of gender sex and depression was stronger amongst the elderly.
The Experience of Direct Outreach Recruitment in the National Children's Study.

OBJECTIVE: Few studies have reported the outcome of direct outreach methods for recruitment of research participants in population-based samples. We describe the relationship of outreach strategies that are tailored to specific community factors to recruitment and consent outcomes in 10 National Children’s Study direct outreach study locations (all were single counties). METHODS: Each study center collected data from a target population of women who resided in selected county segments that were sampled based on a geographic area probability sampling design. Based on county characteristics of the 10 study locations, each study center used site-specific marketing approaches (direct mail, mass media, provider referrals, social networking) to recruit study participants. Recruitment success was measured by the number of recruited women as well as by a qualitative assessment of the effectiveness of various recruitment methods. RESULTS: The number of women who consented varied from 67 to 792. The majority of women were pregnant at the time of consent. Community awareness varied from CONCLUSIONS: In a small sample of 10 US counties, recruitment success was not associated with community characteristics. It was, however, associated with certain types of outreach strategies that may be more effective in close-knit communities.
The Role for ink4a in Melanoma Pathogenesis

Malignant melanoma is a disease with high metastatic potential and poor clinical response to current therapeutic measures1. It represents a significant health crisis given its high rate of increase in incidence; by year 2000, one in 76 Americans will develop melanoma2. Although the molecular pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood, predisposition to melanoma appears to have a strong genetic component. Tumor surveys and kindred analyses have uncovered several potential chromosomal “hot spots” including frequent loss of 6q and 10q, non-random karyotypic alterations of chromosome 1, and 9p21-associated deletion/mutation1. The latter appears to be the most compelling etiological link to melanoma in that cytogenetic, linkage and molecular analyses have documented a high incidence of 9p21 germline and somatic mutations in both familial and sporadic melanomas3–6.
Private Dispute Resolution and the Future of Institutional Workplace Discrimination

This Article offers a broad perspective on the sources of judicial hostility and the increasing privatization of employment discrimination disputes. It shows that judicial hostility developed not only because of frivolous lawsuits but also because of employer compliance with the law and the subtlety and secrecy of discrimination itself. Additionally, this Article demonstrates that the ramifications of arbitral privatization have been grossly underestimated. Private dispute resolution is not merely a means to avoid frivolous lawsuits and large jury verdicts.
2D plasmonics for nanosecond generation of entangled plasmon pairs

We demonstrate that using 2D plasmons, the emission of entangled plasmon pairs can be enhanced by up to 15 orders of magnitude, corresponding to sub-nanosecond lifetimes, potentially allowing for ultrafast generation of entangled light.
Free energy calculation of mechanically unstable but dynamically stabilized bcc titanium

The phase diagram of numerous materials of technological importance features high-symmetry high-temperature phases that exhibit phonon instabilities. Leading examples include shape-memory alloys, as well as ferroelectric, refractory, and structural materials. The thermodynamics of these phases have proven challenging to handle by atomistic computational thermodynamic techniques due to the occurrence of constant anharmonicity-driven hopping between local low-symmetry distortions, while maintaining a high-symmetry time-averaged structure. To compute the free energy in such phases, we propose to explore the system's potential-energy surface by discrete sampling of local minima by means of a lattice gas Monte Carlo approach and by continuous sampling by means of a lattice dynamics approach in the vicinity of each local minimum. Given the proximity of the local minima, it is necessary to carefully partition phase space by using a Voronoi tessellation to constrain the domain of integration of the partition function in order to avoid double counting artifacts and enable an accurate harmonic treatment near each local minima. We consider the bcc phase of titanium as a prototypical example to illustrate our approach.
Emerging Between Two Worlds: A Longitudinal Study of Career Identity of Students From Asian American Immigrant Families

This study examines career identity formation of Asian American college students from first-generation immigrant families as a model of acculturation. The interaction between collectivist and indiv...
Foraging Cognition: Reviving the Ecological Intelligence Hypothesis

What are the origins of intelligent behavior? The demands associated with living in complex social groups have been the favored explanation for the evolution of primate cognition in general and human cognition in particular. However, recent comparative research indicates that ecological variation can also shape cognitive abilities. I synthesize the emerging evidence that 'foraging cognition' - skills used to exploit food resources, including spatial memory, decision-making, and inhibitory control - varies adaptively across primates. These findings provide a new framework for the evolution of human cognition, given our species' dependence on costly, high-value food resources. Understanding the origins of the human mind will require an integrative theory accounting for how humans are unique in both our sociality and our ecology.
Highly Efficient and Scalable Compound Decomposition of Two-Electron Integral Tensor and Its Application in Coupled Cluster Calculations.

The representation and storage of two-electron integral tensors are vital in large-scale applications of accurate electronic structure methods. Low-rank representation and efficient storage strategy of integral tensors can significantly reduce the numerical overhead and consequently time-to-solution of these methods. In this work, by combining pivoted incomplete Cholesky decomposition (CD) with a follow-up truncated singular vector decomposition (SVD), we develop a decomposition strategy to approximately represent the two-electron integral tensor in terms of low-rank vectors. A systematic benchmark test on a series of 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D carbon–hydrogen systems demonstrates high efficiency and scalability of the compound two-step decomposition of the two-electron integral tensor in our implementation. For the size of the atomic basis set, Nb, ranging from ∼100 up to ∼2,000, the observed numerical scaling of our implementation shows O(Nb2.5−3) versus O(Nb3−4) cost of performing single CD on the two-electron ...
Korean Students’ Acculturation Experiences in the U.S.

This chapter aims to explore the adjustment experiences of Korean undergraduates at an American university and to look at how the negotiation between homeland culture and host culture influences adjustment experiences. By challenging ideas of one-sided assimilation that assume international students simply accept the language, cultural norms, and practices of their host country, this chapter is grounded in the theoretical perspective that students and institutions interact with one another and therefore influence each other in a variety of ways. This chapter suggests that possessing a sense of self in cultural, social, and historical contexts and negotiating a positive sense of self in the host culture are critical aspects of Korean students’ adjustment experiences when studying abroad. Korean students often struggle to navigate the academic systems of their host university, and these experiences are intensified by their perceptions of “not belonging” to the institution. Therefore, additional attention should be paid to providing adequate support services and programming to promote these students’ acculturation experiences and college success.
Recuerdo de una posibilidad: articulaciones afectivas de Historia y memoria en "Tirana memoria" de Horacio Castellanos Moya

Tirana memoria (2008), la novena novel·la del narrador salvadoreny Horacio Castellanos Moya, nua en la seva trama la historia dels esdeveniments que van tenir lloc el 1944 a El Salvador, amb una historia familiar, diverses histories intimes i memories personals. L'articulacio entrecreuada d'historia(es), memoria(es) i quadres de percepcio subjectiva configura un entramat complex i ambivalent de perspectives, visions i afectes. Aquest assaig examina les operacions i els afectes d'aquest entrecreuament fictici de la historia nacional amb la historia/memoria familiar, personal i intima. Planteja que l'intercanvi bidireccional i correctiu entre memoria i historia, quan es il·luminat per mitja de dispositius ficticis, desvela emocions causades pels esdeveniments historics narrats, en els quals es xifra el sentit del passat.
Endoscopic versus percutaneous management for symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background Symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are managed by surgical, percutaneous, or endoscopic drainage. Due to morbidity associated with surgical drainage, percutaneous and/or endoscopic options have increasingly been used as initial management. Aims We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of endoscopic versus percutaneous drainage for management of PFCs. Methods We searched several databases from inception through 31 August 2017 to identify comparative studies using endoscopic or percutaneous drainage for PFCs. Our primary outcome was clinical success. Secondary outcomes were technical success, adverse events (AE), rates of recurrence, requirement for subsequent procedures, and length of stay in hospital. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and mean difference (MD) were calculated for categorical and continuous outcomes, respectively. Results Seven studies with 490 patients were included in the final analysis. Pooled RR for clinical success was 0.40 (0.26, 0.61), I 2 = 42 % in favor of endoscopic management. On sensitivity analysis, after excluding one study on patients with walled-off necrosis (WON), the clinical success was 0.43 (0.28, 0.66) with no heterogeneity. Pooled RR for technical success was 1.50 (0.52, 4.37) with no heterogeneity. Pooled RR for AE and rate of recurrence were 0.77 (0.46, 1.28) and 0.60 (0.29, 1.24), respectively. Pooled MD for length of stay in hospital and rate of re-intervention were – 8.97 (– 12.88, – 5.07) and – 0.66 (– 0.93, – 0.38), respectively, in favor of endoscopic drainage. Conclusions Endoscopic drainage should be the preferred therapeutic modality for PFCs compared to percutaneous drainage as it is associated with significantly better clinical success, a lower re-intervention rate, and a shorter hospital length of stay. This study was presented as an abstract at Digestive Disease Week 2017 in Chicago, USA.
Does distress tolerance interact with trait anxiety to predict challenge or threat appraisals

Abstract Low distress tolerance (DT), the capacity to withstand aversive emotional or physical states, is associated with adverse psychological and physical functioning. However, we know relatively little about the psychological processes through which low DT results in poor functioning. The present study examined the effects of DT on cognitive appraisals of stress using an experimental stress-induction paradigm in 136 undergraduates. We hypothesized (1) lower DT predicts lower challenge appraisal and higher threat appraisal, and (2) these relationships are strengthened for those with higher trait anxiety. Results partially supported Hypothesis 1 : Lower DT predicted higher threat appraisal, but not challenge appraisal. A significant interaction effect was found between DT and trait anxiety in predicting challenge appraisal, but the relationship was opposite from the direction predicted in Hypothesis 2 , such that individuals with very high trait anxiety and lower DT made higher challenge appraisals. Future research should further examine the relations of DT, trait anxiety, and stress appraisals with respect to psychological well-being in young adults.
Attitude estimation of a high-yaw-rate Mobile Inverted Pendulum; comparison of Extended Kalman Filtering, Complementary Filtering, and motion capture

This paper explores the accuracy of several state estimators used in Mobile Inverted Pendulum (MIP) robots. Accurate state estimation is essential for effective feedback stabilization of such vehicles, especially at high spin rates. The MIP estimation techniques compared in this work are the Complementary Filter, the Complementary Kalman Filter, the (proprietary) Digital Motion Processor (DMP) from the (common) TDK InvenSense MPU-9250, and a dynamically modelled Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). We also derive from scratch the equations governing the dynamics of MIPs undergoing high yaw rates, as used by the EKF, using a Lagrangian formulation. The MIP was then controlled at several different yaw rate setpoints, and the tilt angle estimates were compared with the (“ground truth”) measurements obtained via motion capture. Our test results indicate that the high yaw rate dynamic EKF and DMP are significantly more accurate than the usual Complementary Filter and planar dynamic EKF. The inaccuracy of the Complementary Filter is likely caused by the IMU not being aligned with the body's center of mass, creating a significant centrifugal force while spinning quickly.
Biofilm and Sediment are Major Reservoirs of Virulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) in Catfish Production Ponds

The genus Aeromonas comprises more than 60 recognized species that include many important fish pathogens such as the causative agents of furunculosis and motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS). Although MAS is typically considered a secondary infection, a new virulent A. hydrophila (vAh) strain has been causing devastating losses to the catfish industry in Alabama since 2009. The objective of this study was to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of Aeromonas sp. and, specifically, vAh in a commercial catfish farm in western Alabama. We sampled biofilm, sediment, and water from three ponds during four consecutive months during the growing season. Total aerobic counts were between 8.8 × 105 and 1.5 × 106 CFU/mL but were significantly higher in biofilm and sediment than in water throughout the sampling period. Total Aeromonas counts in water samples significantly increased in all three ponds after the month of August and ranged from 7.8 × 103 to 4.9 × 104 CFU/mL. A similar trend was observed in biofilm and sediment samples for which total Aeromonas counts increased in samples taken in late summer to early fall. Over time, the concentration of Aeromonas in water samples decreased by one order of magnitude, while there was a significant increase in sediments as temperature dropped. The virulent vAh was detected in 35.4% of biofilm samples and 22.9% of sediment samples, suggesting that both environments serve as the major reservoir for this pathogen. Future monitoring efforts should focus on targeting sediment and biofilms since samples of these appear to naturally enrich for the presence of vAh and other Aeromonas species.
Immune signatures associated with response to neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade in oral cavity cancer.

6055Background: PD-1 inhibition therapy has revolutionized clinical medicine as it can mediate durable responses in a small cohort of patients. Yet, it remains incompletely understood why these pat...
Seepage, objectivity, and climate science

Abstract Based on the disproportionate amount of attention paid by climate scientists to the supposed global warming hiatus, it has recently been argued that contrarian discourse has “seeped into” climate science. While I agree that seepage has occurred, its effects remain unclear. This lack of clarity may give the impression that climate science has been compromised in a way that it hasn't—such a conclusion should be defended against. To do this I argue that the effects of seepage should be analyzed in terms of objectivity. I use seven meanings of objectivity to analyze contrarian discourse's impact on climate science. The resulting account supports the important point that climate science has not been compromised in a way that invalidates the conclusions its scientists have drawn, despite the reality of seepage having occurred.
Multi-input Volistor Logic XNOR Gates

A novel approach utilising the emerging memristor technology is introduced for realising a 2-input primitive XNOR gate. This gate enables in-memory computing and is used as a building block of mult...
Material identification from remote sensing of polarized self-emission

An important application for remote sensing is the detection and discrimination of targets of interest. Polarimetry can be used by remote sensing systems to identify the materials from which targets are made. If an imaging polarimeter is used, the target can also be resolved spatially. A fundamental material property is its complex index of refraction, which can be calculated from polarimetric measurements of the material. Previous work has shown the feasibility of estimating a material’s complex index of refraction from measurements of the polarized reflected radiance in the visible and nearinfrared spectral regions. A new technique is being developed for estimation of the complex index of refraction using measurements of the polarized radiance from a material’s self-emission. Measurements are made in the mid-wave infrared and spectral regions and are used to calculate the Stokes vector, which is then used to calculate the degree of linear polarization (DoLP). An equation is derived for the DoLP as a function of the Fresnel coefficients, which are themselves a function of the complex index of refraction and the angle of emission. Complex index of refraction values calculated from measured material DoLP values are presented. An initial goal of this work is to use the technique to discriminate between metals and dielectrics.
The Importance of Vision in Food System Transformation

Despite growing calls for food system transforma­tion, the need to develop a vision to guide that transformation is sometimes overlooked. Vision is essential to inspire, mobilize, and keep a collective of people on track toward their goals. Individual visions can be exhilarating, but the visions that create change are taken up by large groups or movements of movements. A vision is a beginning for transformation, but it requires policy that enables it to be enacted, ideally through democratic processes. The vision, buttressed by policy and democratic governance, is what determines where people are able to buy food, how much they pay, whether farmers earn decent incomes, and whether the food is healthy. Without vision, policies are likely to be incoherent or to work at cross-purposes, as has happened in the farm bill and the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy. A range of visions generated at different scales, from autonomous community to state to region, can serve as examples for people committed to food system transformation. See the press release for this article.
Immobilization and activation of cobalt-amine catalyst on NH4OH-treated activated carbon for ethylene dimerization

Abstract Catalytic dimerization of ethylene (C2H4) to butene (C4H8) utilizes homogenous catalysts composed of transition metal molecular complexes in the presence of a co-catalyst or Ni, Rh or Cr supported heterogeneous catalysts. Recently, a heterogeneous cobalt catalyst supported on NH4OH-treated carbon (Co/N C) has gained attention. However, the structure of the active site, the identity of the active phase, the role of NH4OH treatment and the effect of thermal activation have remained elusive. Herein, in situ Raman spectroscopy showed the absence of crystalline cobalt oxide phases, such as CoO or Co3O4, in the working catalyst. An intense Raman band at 810 cm−1 was detected in the as-synthesized catalyst, which corresponds to μCo-peroxo species formed via auto-oxidation of the [Co(NH3)x]2+ sites during the drying step. UV–vis DRS absorbance bands at ∼286, 340 and 560 nm indicated that a mixture of octahedral Co3+ and Co2+ is present in the as-synthesized catalyst. During thermal treatment in inert atmosphere, the 265 and 810 cm−1 Raman bands diminished signifying the reduction of μCo-peroxo sites, with the oxidation of some NH3 ligands to N2O(g), indicated by an IR doublet at ∼2225 cm−1. UV–vis DRS during thermal treatment corroborated the reduction of Co3+ to Co2+, with Co2+ sites coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion, as indicated by a new absorbance band at ∼600−700 nm. The presence of the immobilized pseudo-tetrahedral [Co(NH3)x]2+ molecular complexes active for dimerization is proposed as an alternative to previous reports that attribute olefin dimerization activity to crystalline cobalt oxide phase in this catalyst. Steady-state catalytic test results at 1 bar, 80 °C, 5.0 % C2H4 at 10 sccm, 0.3 g catalyst show that model catalyst containing crystalline cobalt oxides (Co/C) exhibited similar initial butene productivity to the [Co(NH3)x]2+ containing Co/N C catalyst, but suffered sharper deactivation due to the irreversible olefin deposition on Co3+ sites.
In-Situ Mechanics: Introduction and Importance

This chapter introduces the concept and capabilities of in-situ mechanical characterization of materials. The importance of multi-scale assessment of mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms is highlighted. Some pioneering works from past decades are reviewed to highlight the historical circumstances and scientific problems that led to the development of the in-situ mechanics approach. The indispensable role played by in-situ characterization in modern materials research and development is highlighted by discussing several characterization scenarios where conventional techniques are insufficient.
Blending of Light in Gravitational Microlensing Events

When there is more than one source of light along the line of sight to a gravitationally lensed object, the characteristics of the observed light curve are influenced by the presence of the light that is not lensed. In this Letter we develop a formalism to quantify the associated effects. We find it useful to introduce the concept of a "blended Einstein radius" and an "effective Einstein radius" to describe the probability that a mass will serve as a lens or that a source will be lensed in an observable way. These considerations lead to generic predictions about the results of gravitational microlensing experiments. One example is that the optical depth for the lensing of giants is greater than that for the lensing of main-sequence stars; for any given population of sources and lenses, this effect can be quantified. We test and sharpen these predictions by performing a series of Monte Carlo simulations. We also outline general methods to (1) test whether specific events which fail to be fitted by point-mass light curves are viable candidates for blended events, (2) use the effects of blending to learn more about the lensing event than would be possible if there were no blending, and (3) include the effects of blending when inferring properties of underlying populations through the statistical study of lensing events.
Development and psychometric evaluation of the Test of Practical Judgment alternate form (Form B).

The Test of Practical Judgment (TOP-J) is increasingly used by neuropsychologists to measure everyday judgment ability in older adulthood. In the present study, we developed an alternate TOP-J Form B, which may be used to reduce practice effects for repeat assessment situations or in place of the original Form A. In developing the measure, special attention was given to limiting cultural bias and making items similar in content and difficulty to Form A. The TOP-J Form B was piloted in a clinical geriatric sample (N = 77) in the Midwestern U.S. Subsequently, older adults (N = 130) were recruited from several boroughs of New York City and surrounding areas (mean age = 77; mean years of education = 16; 69% female; 28% Black/African-American, 11% Hispanic). In this validation sample, both the 9-item and 15-item versions of the TOP-J Form B showed strong psychometric properties, including good unidimensional model fit in confirmatory factor analysis, preliminary convergent/divergent and criterion validity evidence, and strong inter-rater reliability, ICC (2, 1) = .93. The means and standard deviations for the TOP-J Form A and Form B were highly similar, particularly for the 9-item forms in which there was less than a one-point mean difference. Preliminary normative data for cognitively intact participants (n = 73) were established. We present means and standard deviations that will allow for the calculation of z scores as Form B scores were normally distributed. The newly developed TOP-J Form B should be useful in diverse clinical and research settings.
West Nile virus encephalitis in a child with shunted hydrocephalus

A case of immunoassay proven West Nile virus encephalitis in a six-year old girl with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is described. The patient was initially evaluated for shunt dysfunction, but further testing revealed viral encephalitis. Importantly, once the diagnosis was confirmed, the child's treatment and recovery did not require shunt revision. This is the first reported case of the diagnosis and treatment of West Nile virus encephalitis in the setting of ventriculoperitoneal shunting.
Dynamic modelling and response characteristics of a magnetic bearing rotor system with auxiliary bearings

Auxiliary bearings are a critical feature of any magnetic bearing system. They protect the soft iron core of the magnetic bearing during an overload or failure. An auxiliary bearing typically consists of a rolling element bearing or bushing with a clearance gap between the rotor and the inner race of the support. The dynamics of such systems can be quite complex. It is desired to develop a rotordynamic model which describes the dynamic behavior of a flexible rotor system with magnetic bearings including auxiliary bearings. The model is based upon an experimental test facility. Some simulation studies are presented to illustrate the behavior of the model. In particular, the effects of introducing sideloading from the magnetic bearing when one coil fails is studied.
Influences on the Construction of Health News: The Reporting Practices of Local Television News Health Journalists

Local television news remains a primary news source for Americans and is a key source of consumer health information. This study explores why local television health journalists cover particular topics and assesses why health journalism newsgathering practices often differ from the normative newsgathering practices of general assignment reporters. Fifteen in-depth telephone interviews were conducted with health journalists from varying geographical regions and media markets. Influence from local hospitals and personal interest in a health topic often determined the health content the journalists produced. Journalists said it was difficult to cover health issues in addition to other newsroom responsibilities.
The marketing of Edgar Allan Poe

1. The Problem of Poe's Appeal: Intellectual and Market Background 2. Poe's Composite Autobiography 3. The Recycling of Critical Authority: Lessons from Coleridge and Hazlitt 4. The Debunking Work of Poe's light gothic Tales 5. The Importance of Ambiguity: Unreliable Narration and the Marketing of Sensation. Afterword. Notes. Bibliography.
Review article : A mathematical model of tumor growth. II. Effects of geometry and spatial nonuniformity on stability

Abstract A theoretical account of mitotic inhibition in one-, two- and three-dimensional configurations is presented. Based on an earlier paper, the inhibitors production rate is taken to be nonuniform throughout the tissue, resulting in significant deviationas from the prediction of uniform models. Geometry affects the stability of growth also. The analysis presented here represents a detailed study of the properties of highly nonuniform inhibition, from which information on intermidiate inhibition models can be readily deduced. This information is used to compared such a model with experimental results in the third paper in this series.
What's good about bad play?

Here I examine the semiotic form of some common and conventionally accepted notions of "bad play" -- particularly as these are most relevantly applied to computer games, gamers, and gaming. To do this, I employ a formal method of analysis that treats bad play as play that, without regard to any specific cultural or normative context, plays with -- and often against -- the rules.Within this analysis, digital games and their rules are positioned as a subset of a formal and cognitive mechanism guiding a broad set of behaviors in games, sports, and play. Identifying formal similarities between rules-based sports and games and less obviously rules-based (i. e., "free") play allows the analysis to be extended beyond the relatively narrow domain of computer games.Conclusions find that bad play in digital games -- prominently including cheats, griefs, and exploits -- is formally similar to and, in fact, a logical extension of good, proper, and socially acceptable play. The analysis further concludes that, when defined as functioning in opposition to existing rules structures, bad play is not only a common but a necessary component of human play associated with creativity, insight, and change.
Pore-scale Simulation of Mixing-induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation and Dissolution in a Microfluidic Pore Network.

[1] We develop a 2-D pore scale model of coupled fluid flow, reactive transport, and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation and dissolution. The model is used to simulate transient experimental results of CaCO3 precipitation and dissolution under supersaturated conditions in a microfluidic pore network (i.e., micromodel) in order to improve understanding of coupled reactive transport systems perturbed by geological CO2 injection. In the micromodel, precipitation is induced by transverse mixing along the centerline in pore bodies. The reactive transport model includes the impact of pH upon carbonate speciation and a CaCO3 reaction rate constant, the effect of changing reactive surface area upon the reaction, and the impact of pore blockage from CaCO3 precipitation on diffusion and flow. Overall, the pore scale model qualitatively captured the precipitate morphology, precipitation rate, and maximum precipitation area using parameter values from the literature. In particular, we found that proper estimation of the effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) and the reactive surface area is necessary to adequately simulate precipitation and dissolution rates. In order to match the initial phase of fast precipitation, it was necessary to consider the top and bottom of the micromodel as additional reactive surfaces. In order to match a later phase when dissolution occurred, it was necessary to increase the dissolution rate compared to the precipitation rate, but the simulated precipitate area was still higher than the experimental results after ∼30 min, highlighting the need for future study. The model presented here allows us to simulate and mechanistically evaluate precipitation and dissolution of CaCO3 observed in a micromodel pore network. This study leads to improved understanding of the fundamental physicochemical processes of CaCO3precipitation and dissolution under far-from-equilibrium conditions.
THE CRITICALLY ILL CHILD: SALICYLATE INTOXICATION

Salicylate is a potent pharmacologic agent, and the rational therapy of salicylate intoxication must be based on an understanding of its pharmacologic actions and consequent pathophysiologic effects.l Because it acts to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in a manner analogous to that of 2,4-dinitrophenol, salicylate is, first of all, a general metabolic stimulant.2 Oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide formation, and heat production are increased by its action; consequently, oxygen requirement, blood CO2 concentration, and the need to eliminate heat are also increased. Respiration, heart rate, and cardiac output must increase to satisfy the demands imposed by the acceleration of metabolic processes. Second, saiicylate interferes in a complex manner with the normal metabolism of carbohydrate.3 Many factors seem to be involved, some tending to decrease and others to increase the blood glucose concentralion, and, clinically, either hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia may be observed. Hyperglycemia may be partially explained by the release of epinephrmne due to activation of hypothalamic sympathetic centers. However, large doses of salicyiate also decrease aerobic metabolism and increase glucose-6-phosphatase activity, effects which tend to increase the blood glucose level. Hypoglycemia, on the other hand, may be caused by an increased utilization of glucose by peripheral tissues or by interference with gluconeogenesis by salicylates. Recent studies suggest that brain glucose concentration may be decreased despite minimal alterations in blood glucose level.4 As a result of these salicylate-mnduced alterations in carbohydrate metabolism, organic acids, particularly lactic, pyruvic, and acetoacetic, accumuiate.5 Infants appear to be particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of salicylate on carbohydrate metabolism and are more likely to have disturbances in blood glucose concentration and metabolic acidosis than are older children.
Abstract 404: The Effects of Resistance Training and Weight Loss on Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults

Aging and obesity are associated with increased arterial stiffness. While exercise and weight loss may have beneficial effects, the effect of resistance training (RT) on arterial stiffness is unclear, particularly in older adults. PURPOSE: We examined the effects of RT with and without weight loss on arterial stiffness in 32 overweight and obese older adults (mean age = 68±3 yrs; BMI = 31.1±2.7 kg/m2, 56% female, 13% Black). METHODS: Participants were randomly assigned to either RT only (n=16) or RT + caloric restriction (RT+CR, n=16). Participants in each group underwent supervised moderate-intensity RT (i.e. 70% one-repetition maximum) 3 days per week for 20 weeks. Arterial stiffness was measured using tonometry, impedance cardiography and oscillometry to assess changes in brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), augmentation index (Alx), large and small artery elasticity and total arterial compliance. RESULTS: Overall baseline mean values for the arterial stiffness measures were as follows: total arterial compliance = 18.1±6.8 ml/mmHg, baPWV = 1521±277 cm/s, large artery elasticity = 14.6±5.4 ml/mmHg x 10, small artery elasticity = 4.3±2.2 ml/mmHg x 100, and AIx = 30.8±8.3%. As expected, body weight was significantly reduced in the RT+CR group (-6.0±1.2 kg, p CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that adding weight loss to a RT program may lead to greater increases in large artery elasticity in overweight and obese older adults. These changes could potentially contribute to improvements in cardiovascular health.
Is there an advantage of living over deceased donation in liver transplantation

Summary Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is a well-established strategy to decrease the mortality in the waiting list and recent studies have demonstrated its value even in patients with low MELD score. However, LDLT is still under a high level of scrutiny because of its technical complexity and ethical challenges as demonstrated by a decline in the number of procedures performed in the last decade in Western Countries. Many aspects make LDLT different from deceased donor liver transplantation, including timing of transplantation, procedure-related complications as well as immunological factors that may affect graft outcomes. Our review suggests that in selected cases, LDLT offers significant advantages over deceased donor liver transplantation and should be used more liberally.
Ski*Hi Acquisition and REtrieval (SHARE)

SHARE is an information retrieval system based on dBASE IV (copyright Borland). It is designed to provide easy access to information related to a variety of Topics regarding persons with disabilities. Topics are limited only by the end user's application. Once basic bibliographic and topical information has been entered into the system, it can be easily accessed not only through an assortment of reports and searches but also through a hard copy filing system. Information can be used for a variety of applications ranging from maximizing daily interactions with persons who have disabilities, to literature reviews and design verification for a curriculum lesson, video, etc. >
Circulating anergic B cells in the periphery of active systemic lupus erythematosus patients: functional and phenotypic characterization

A CD19lowIgD+ B-cell population that was observed in the periphery of active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but not in nonautoimmune normal individuals, was examined to determine its functional and phenotypic characteristics. Whereas CD19lowIgD- cells in the periphery of SLE patients are intracytoplasmic (IC) Ig+ plasma cells, CD19lowIgD+ cells are IC Ig-. In contrast to CD19highIgD+ B cells, CD19lowIgD+ B cells are small, in the G0/G1 phase with very few cells in the S/G2/M phase or undergoing apoptosis, remain viable in the G0/G1 phase in short-term culture without additional stimulation, and are positive for the anti-apoptotic gene A20. Additionally, in contrast to CD19highIgD+B cells, CD19lowIgD+ B cells are less activated, as assessed by lower expression of activation markers such as CD69, CD154, CD38, CD27, CD86 and CD11c. Moreover, CD19lowIgD+ B cells express a higher level of CD5, CD21 and CD23 when compared with CD19highIgD+ B cells. Furthermore, CD19lowIgD+ B cells have less mutated heavy chain Ig genes as assessed by single-cell PCR of genomic DNA, and do not express AID when compared with CD19highIgD+ B cells. Whereas CD19highIgD+ B cells were rescued from apoptosis and driven into the S/G2/M phase following stimulation with a low amount of anti-IgM antibody or rCD154, CD19lowIgD+ B cells required 100-fold more stimulation to rescue them from apoptosis and drive them into cell cycle. Of interest, CD19lowIgD+ B cells exhibit higher amounts of BCR, phosphorylated CD19 and phosphorylated lyn in cytoskeletal-associated membrane fractions compared with CD19highIgD+ B cells. Clinically, the number of circulating CD19lowIgD+ B cells in SLE patients is greater in those with normal complement levels. Treatment of SLE patients with a blocking anti-CD154 antibody diminishes the presence of circulating CD19lowIgD+ B cells. Together, these results indicate that CD19lowIgD+ cells in the periphery of SLE patients may be a functionally anergic population of in vivo stimulated B cells that disappear when the disease becomes quiescent.
Overcoming Abuse: A Phenomenological Investigation of the Journey to Recovery From Past Intimate Partner Violence

To date, minimal research has focused on the recovery process for survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study utilized a phenomenological methodology to understand the lived experiences of survivors of IPV ( N = 123) who had overcome abusive relationships and created violence-free and meaningful lives. The researchers aimed to understand key factors involved in their recovery processes. Results indicated two main processes in the IPV recovery process: intrapersonal processes and interpersonal processes. Intrapersonal processes included (a) regaining and recreating one's identity, (b) embracing the freedom and power to direct one's own life, (c) healing from the mental and physical health symptoms of the abuse, (d) fostering acceptance and forgiveness with self and abuser, (e) education and examination of abusive relationships, (f) determining whether and how to enter new intimate relationships, and (g) acknowledging the long-term process of overcoming abuse. Interpersonal processes included themes of (a) building positive social support and relationships and (b) using ones' experiences with abuse to help others. Results of the present study are presented, and implications for practitioners are discussed.
Temperature dependence and temporal trends of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in the Great Lakes atmosphere

As part of the Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (IADN), we have measured gas-phase polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in the atmosphere around the Great Lakes since November of ...
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Infants and Children

Introduction The earliest gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies were performed in the late 1880s by using rigid instruments to examine the esophagus and rectum. The semiflexible gastroscope was developed in the early 1930s by Schindler and Wolf, and fiberoptic endoscopes were popularized in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The first small-diameter instrument used for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in a child was a fiberoptic bronchoscope. Video endoscopy has only developed over the past 2 decades, with the first mass-produced video instruments introduced in the 1980s. Parts or all of the procedure can be recorded for later review. Pediatric GI endoscopists can perform most of the endoscopic techniques of their adult counterparts. The referring physician and endoscopist should be familiar with the risks and benefits of endoscopy as well as clinical situations in which it is most useful. Personnel Specially trained pediatric endoscopy assistants are an important component of the endoscopy team. Preprocedure anxiety may be reduced by a physician, nurse, or play therapist explaining the procedure to the patient. One assistant can hold and reassure the child throughout the procedure while a second can help to obtain and process tissue and assist with other equipment and patient monitoring. Physicians performing GI endoscopy on infants and children should have completed a pediatric gastroenterology fellowship or have experience with pediatric gastrointestinal diseases and adequate training in pediatric endoscopy.
Passion or Dollars?: How Mobilization Can Spoil the Mother’s Milk of Politics

Evidence regarding the influence of campaign donations and lobbying efforts on legislative behavior is mixed. Much research—not to mention conventional wisdom—suggests that well-funded interest groups exploit their resource advantage by making campaign contributions and deploying lobbyists to gain informational advantages and influence legislation. Using contribution data, information about interest group support for legislation, and a rare data set— constituent contacts to six state legislative offices—this paper examines how interest group donations and constituent activism influence outcomes. Although the amount of money contributed by groups supporting or opposing a bill did not affect its prospects, constituent contacts had a substantial impact. Political expenditures by business firms appear primarily to sustain an entrenched class of lobbyists and consultants.