cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of an obesity intervention program for pediatric cancer survivors (NOURISH-T).

Pediatric cancer survivor (PCS) rates have increased dramatically over the past several decades. Despite increased survival, research now indicates that overweight/obesity rates among PCS are greater than that in the general pediatric population. This article outlines a five-phase pilot study for the purpose of adapting a comprehensive parent psycho-educational intervention (NOURISH) to address the specific issues that contribute to overweight/obesity in PCS. The pilot consisted of medical record review of body mass indices (BMIs) among PCS to determine prevalence of overweight/obesity, health care provider (HCP) focus groups, parent focus groups, parent interviews, and pilot of the proposed six-session intervention (NOURISH-T). Study findings indicated the following: (1) High rates of overweight/obesity in PCS; (2) A great need for intervention expressed by HCPs and parents; (3) Interest in such a program by parents; and (4) Implementation of a small-scale intervention in a clinic is likely feasible.
Efficient waveguide-integrated tunnel junction detectors at 1.6 mum.

Near-infrared detectors based on metal-insulator-metal tunnel junctions integrated with planarized silicon nanowire waveguides are presented, which we believe to be the first of their kind. The junction is coupled to the waveguide via a thin-film metal antenna feeding a plasmonic travelling wave structure that includes the tunnel junction. These devices are inherently broadband; the design presented here operates throughout the 1500–1700 nm region. Careful design of the antenna and travelling wave region substantially eliminates losses due to poor mode matching and RC rolloff, allowing efficient operation. The antennas are made from multilayer stacks of gold and nickel, and the active devices are Ni-NiO-Ni edge junctions. The waveguides are made via shallow trench isolation technology, resulting in a planar oxide surface with the waveguides buried a few nanometres beneath. The antennas are fabricated using directional deposition through a suspended Ge shadow mask, using a single level of electron-beam lithography. The waveguides are patterned with conventional 248-nm optical lithography and reactive-ion etching, then planarized using shallow-trench isolation technology. We also present measurements showing overall quantum efficiencies of 6% (responsivity 0.08 A/W at 1.605 µm), thus demonstrating that the previously very low overall quantum efficiencies reported for antenna-coupled tunnel junction devices are due to poor electromagnetic coupling and poor choices of antenna metal, not to any inherent limitations of the technology.
Influence of visual scene velocity on segmental kinematics during stance

We investigated how the velocity of anterior-posterior movement of a visual surround affected segmental kinematics during stance. Ten healthy young adults were exposed to sinusoidal oscillation of an immersive virtual scene at five peak velocities ranging from 1.2 to 188 cm/s at each of four frequencies: 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.55 Hz. Root mean square (RMS) values of head, trunk, thigh and shank angular displacements were calculated. RMS values of head-neck, hip, knee and ankle joint angles were also calculated. RMS values of head, trunk, thigh and shank displacements exhibited significant increases at a scene velocity of 188 cm/s when compared with lower scene velocities. RMS values of hip, knee and ankle joint angles exhibited significant increases at scene velocities of 125 and 188 cm/s when compared with lower scene velocities. These results suggest that visual cues continued to drive postural adjustments even during high velocity movement of the virtual scene. Significant increases in the RMS values of the lower-limb joint angles suggest that as visually-induced postural instability increased, the body was primarily controlled as a multi-segmental structure instead of a single-link inverted pendulum, with the knee playing a key role in postural stabilization.
An equivalence for the Riemann hypothesis in terms of orthogonal polynomials

We construct a measure such that if {pn (z)} is the sequence of orthogonal polynomials relative to that measure, then the Riemann Hypothesis with simple zeros is true if and only if limn→∞ p2n(z) / p2n(0) = ξ(1/2+iz) / ξ(1/2) where ξ (S) = 1/2 S(S - 1)π-s/2 Γ(s/2)ζ(s) is the Riemann ξ-function.
High-temperature resistive hydrogen sensor based on thin nanoporous rutile TiO2 film on anodic aluminum oxide

Abstract Thin titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) films were prepared through electron-beam evaporation of titanium metal on substrates followed by oxidizing and sintering at 600 °C in flowing oxygen. The thicknesses of the as-deposit metal films were 25 nm, 50 nm and 100 nm. The phase of the TiO 2 converted from the thermal oxidation was detected to be rutile. Nanoporous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) and plain thermal silicon oxide on top of a commercial silicon wafer were used as substrates to support the TiO 2 thin layer. A pair of interdigit platinum electrodes with a spacing of 5 μm was fabricated on the TiO 2 thin films by photolithography. At 500 °C, the samples showed different sensing behaviors to hydrogen concentration levels ranging from 5 ppm to 500 ppm, with nitrogen as the background gas. It was found that the sensitivity was significantly enhanced by the increased specific surface area of the TiO 2 thin film due to the shaping of the porous AAO substrate. The performance of the sensor based on the TiO 2 film converted from 25-nm-thick Ti on the porous AAO substrate, which has the largest specific surface area among all the other samples, was featured by a conductance change of 25–90 times and considerable resolution for 5 ppm to 500 ppm H 2 , as well as very fast response and recovery (the time delay to reach or retreat to half of the maximum stable signal, t 50% , was always no more than 10 s). The rutile-phased thin TiO 2 film on AAO is proven to be a promising high-temperature hydrogen sensor with satisfactory performance, excellent durability, and ideal compatibility to micro-miniaturization.
Optimization of dynamic reactive power reserve in weakly interconnected or islanded HVDC sending systems

Due to severe geographical conditions, limited investment and environmental pressure, HVDC sending systems are often weakly interconnected with main network, Sometimes HVDC sending systems may even operate in islanded mode. Over-voltage/low-voltage after large disturbances becomes a serious problem. Static over-voltage/low-voltage problem in weakly interconnected or islanded HVDC sending systems is studied in this paper. An optimization method for dynamic reactive power reserve based on quasi-steady state sensitivity is proposed. Firstly, sensitivities of generator reactive power and bus voltage to reactive power disturbance are derived. Secondly, a method to calculate voltage variations with a sensitivity method considering HVDC transmission systems is put forward. Thirdly, system effective dynamic reactive power reserve is defined and deduced. Fourthly, an optimization model and process for dynamic reactive power reserve is come up with. Finally, the proposed algorithm is tested on a practical power grid. Simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness and feasibility.
Reconstruction of Tertiary Metasequoia forests. I. Test of a method for biomass determination based on stem dimensions

Accurate reconstruction of the biomass, structure, and productivity of ancient forests from their fossilized remnants remains an interesting challenge in paleoecology. In well-preserved Tertiary fossil Metasequoia forests of Canada's Arctic, in situ stumps and fragments of stems, tree- tops, and branches contain substantial information about tree dimensions that can be used to de- termine tree height, stand biomass, and other characteristics such as canopy depth and structure, and the history of stand development. To validate a method for reconstructing the biomass of the Eocene floodplain Metasequoia forests of Axel Heiberg Island, we measured stump diameters and spacing, and stem, branch, and treetop characteristics in living Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Cha- maecyparis thyoides stands in ways that simulate the limited measurements that can be made in well- preserved fossil forests in Canada and probably elsewhere. We used those limited measurements to estimate tree height and volume, branch and foliar dry weights, and tree biomass. The estimates derived from the limited data set are usually within 15% of the estimates derived from the methods currently used in forest ecology for determining those metrics in modern forests. Under appro- priate conditions, the biomass of ancient forests can be estimated with reasonable confidence.
Epistaxis and Severe Weakness in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma

Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemias arise as a result of cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. The most common types of acute myeloid leukemia arising in this setting are acute myeloid leukemia with maturation, and lesser numbers of acute myelomonocytic leukemia, acute monocytic leukemia, acute erythroleukemia, or acute megakaryocytic leukemia. We present a patient with multiple myeloma who was treated with melphalan and 4 years later developed acute erythroid leukemia. The morphologic diagnosis of pure erythroid leukemia developing in the setting of multiple myeloma may be challenging.
Fracture mechanics analyses for skin-stiffener debonding

The debond configurations presently subjected to 3D FEM fracture mechanics analyses are respectively of the flange-skin strip and skin-stiffener configuration type. Two methods employing the virtual crack closure technique were used to evaluate the strain energy release rate, or 'G-value' distributions across the debond front. Both methods yielded nearly identical G-value distributions for the debond configurations studied; they were compared with plane strain and shell analyses results from the literature for the flange skin strip configuration, and found to be in good agreement. Mode II is dominant for the skin-stiffener debond configuration.
Appropriateness of hospital use by family physicians.

BACKGROUND Reducing inappropriate hospital admissions could lead to lower total health care costs without compromising the quality of care. Research suggests that a sizeable portion of hospital admissions are inappropriate. Other studies indicate that family physicians use health care resources, including hospitalizations, less often than other primary care physicians. To gain additional insight into family physicians' decisions to admit patients, we performed an exploratory study using the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol, a validated, clinically based utilization review instrument. METHODS We assessed admissions by community-based and residency-based family physicians to a single university-affiliated hospital during calendar year 1988. A total of 905 patients were admitted to the hospital by family physicians during the study period. Of these, 889 records had complete data. Each was reviewed for appropriateness of admission. We calculated percentages of inappropriate admissions and used logistic regression to ascertain variables that were significant predictors of inappropriateness. RESULTS Overall, 5.4 percent of admissions were categorized as inappropriate. Omitting obstetric cases, the rate was 10.5 percent. Inappropriate admissions did not cluster around a small number of diagnoses or diagnosis-related groups. Using logistic regression, we found that urgency of admission, patient insurance status, and residency-based physician admission versus community-based physician admission were significant predictors of inappropriate hospital use. Of the inappropriate admissions, 70 percent were so rated because diagnostic procedures or treatments could have been performed on an outpatient basis. CONCLUSIONS In contrast with other studies for which physician specialty was not controlled, family physicians less frequently admitted patients inappropriately. Predictors of inappropriateness differed from those found in other studies. Changes in hospital systems, in addition to educational efforts directed toward individual physicians, hold promise as a strategy for reducing inappropriate hospital use.
Provision-After-Wait with Common Preferences

We study the Provision-after-Wait problem in healthcare introduced by Braverman, Chen, and Kannan (2016). In this setting, patients seek a medical procedure, and the procedure can be performed by different hospitals of different costs. Each patient has a value for each hospital, and a budget-constrained government/planner pays for the medical expenses of the patients. The planner's goal is to find an optimal stable assignment that is envy-free and maximizes the social welfare while keeping the expenses within the budget.In this work, we focus on the settings where the patients have a common preference of the hospitals. We show that computing the optimal stable assignment for maximizing social welfare is NP-hard. Furthermore, we construct a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme (FPTAS) that runs in time O((n+m)n3me), where m and n are the number of hospitals and patients, respectively. In order to develop the FPTAS, we have defined and studied a new problem, ordered Knapsack.We also consider the setting where the planner uses lottery as a rationing tool. For a large sub-class of our settings, we show the conditions under which the optimal lottery scheme has a simple structure and generates more social welfare than the optimal stable assignment. Moreover, such optimal lottery scheme can be computed by a linear program.
Is the regulation of SIRT1 by miRNA-34a the key to mesenchymal stem cell survival?

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently being used clinically to treat cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease (1,2).
Quantitative Colorimetric Method for Sulfamethazine in Swine Feeds

Sulfamethazine (SM) in swine feeds is quantitated colorimetrically by using a relatively simple procedure. The drug is isolated from an extract of feed by trapping it on a small bed of anion-exchange resin buffered at pH 7.9 following the removal of possible interfering compounds by pre-columns. SM is then eluted, diazotized, and coupled using the Bratton-Marshall reagents. The intensity of color developed is determined spectrophotometrically at 540 nm and the concentration of SM is calculated using a molar absorptivity of 52 500. Feeds containing from 1 to 130 ppm can be analyzed with very good accuracy and precision. The method has satisfactory specificity, is inexpensive, and can be applied to a relatively large number of samples per day. A simple and safe method for preparing N1-methyl SM at the low microgram level is described together with a thin layer chromatographic system for tentatively verifying the presence of SM in the feed both as the underivatized drug and as N1-methyl SM.
Membrane-associated electron-dense material of the asexual stages of Plasmodium falciparum: evidence for movement from the intracellular parasite to the erythrocyte membrane.

Abstract Electron-dense material (EDM) appears at the parasite plasma membrane with trophozoites of several strains of Plasmodium falciparum cultured in vitro. The EDM is also seen associated with unit membrane-bounded Maurer's clefts in K + P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes. The cytoplasmic clefts lack the EDM with K- parasites. Some EDM have the same density and appearance as the material located under knobs at the erythrocyte membrane. The EDM at the parasite plasma membrane is absent with schizonts when expression of new knobs at the erythrocyte membrane appears to have ceased. This electron microscopic study suggests that the parasite-derived EDM is transported from the parasite plasmalemma to the erythrocyte membrane via Maurer's clefts in the erythrocyte cytoplasm.
Psychiatric Issues and Emergencies in HIV Infection

Emergency departments are frequently the entry point for patients infected with HIV. Psychiatric conditions may be the initial predominant presentation or an important concomitant factor. Because of the complexities of HIV infection, the serious medical nature of its associated psychiatric complications, the frequent presence of comorbid substance use and other behavioral disorders, and the multiple sites of treatment involved, psychiatrists, emergency physicians, and other professionals must work in collaboration in screening patients infected with HIV for mental disorders and in providing careful and rational care.
Harry Potter and the Underage Drinkers: Can We Use This to Talk to Teens about Alcohol?.

Underage drinking continues to be a major problem in America. Approximately 20% of all alcohol consumed in the United States is consumed by minors with 44% of 8th graders and 77% of 12th graders re...
Combination of everolimus and sorafenib in the treatment of thyroid cancer: Update on phase II study.

6069 Background: Everolimus is an oral inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Laboratory data suggests that mTORC1 activity is required for the growth promoting effects ...
Participatory Museums: The User Experience of Creative Agents

This research project will explain the participatory work I am doing with the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University. The museum desires to enhance visitor participation. With little information on their visitors, however, designing these participatory elements is difficult. To help solve this problem, I have designed a project aimed at mapping visitor's experiences to better understand how the museum could encourage different kinds of participation. Researching visitors' experiences could provide an appropriate time and place for collecting information, thus eliminating visitor anonymity.
Simplified framework for robot coordinate registration for manufacturing applications

A simplified framework is introduced for automatically and quickly registering the Cartesian coordinate systems of industrial robots to any other arbitrary coordinate system. This framework includes both explicit and implicit (sensor-based) registration techniques using as few as three reference poses per robot, and presents different methods for measuring registration uncertainty. Driven by the guiding principles of simplifying the registration process to enable rapid installation by non-expert users, a mathematical basis for fast system registration is presented. We also present methods for quickly and inexpensively approximating the registration errors, and outline mechanisms for improving registration performance. Several case study examples are provided in which the registration performance is captured across four different registration methods, and two different robots. A reference motion capture system is used to capture post-registration positioning accuracy of the robots, a sampling-based registration estimation technique is assessed, and results are systematically quantified.
Sharing extended summary data from contemporary genetics studies is unlikely to threaten subject privacy.

BACKGROUND Starting from a forensic problem, Homer et al. showed that it was possible to detect if an individual contributes only 0.5% of the DNA in a pool. The finding was extended to prove the possibility of detecting whether a subject participated in a small homogeneous GWAS. We denote this as the detection of a subject belonging to a certain cohort (SBCC). Subsequently, Visscher and Hill showed that the power to detect SBCC signal for an ethnically homogeneous cohort depends roughly on the ratio of the number of independent markers and total sample size. However, it is not clear if the same holds for more ethnically diverse cohorts. Later, Masca et al. propose running as SBCC test a regression of departure from assumed population frequency of i) subject genotype on ii) cohort of interest frequency. They use simulations to show that the approach has better SBCC detection power than the original Homer method but is impeded by population stratification. APPROACH To investigate the possibility of SBCC detection in multi-ethnic cohorts, we generalize the Masca et al. approach by theoretically deriving the correlation between a subject genotype and the cohort reference allele frequencies (RAFs) for stratified cohorts. Based on the derived formula, we theoretically show that, due to background stratification noise, SBCC detection is unlikely even for mildly stratified cohorts of size greater than around a thousand subjects. Thus, for the vast majority of contemporary cohorts, the fear of compromising privacy via SBCC detection is unfounded.
“Lebewohl”: A Musical Motif for Peace

Music for human rights and social justice is very often a vehicle for words which then carry the lion’s share of the interpersonal and musical communication. Music for solo piano which heightens our awareness of human rights and social justice issues exists without words, relying on extramusical representations and symbols to create a bridge between the music and our perception of it. The first movement of Ludwig van Beethoven’s Piano Sonata in E-flat Major, Op. 81a, “Das Lebewohl”, will be discussed for its symbolism of grief and farewell over the Archduke Rudolph’s forced exit from Vienna as Napoleon’s troops advanced, as will the first movement of Sonata “27 April 1945” of Karl Amadeus Hartmann, which uses Beethoven’s motif from the first movement of Op. 81a as a primary reference in his musical outpouring of grief towards the imminent deaths of “preventative detainees” from Dachau at the hands of the Nazis at the end of the Second World War. Through music’s connection to our nonverbal layers, these musical compositions can connect with our core selves, hold a mirror to our own belief systems and, if we are fortunate, bring us closer to peace.
Virtually ‘in the heat of the moment’: insula activation in safe sex negotiation among risky men

HIV is most prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM), and although most MSM use condoms consistently during casual sex, some take risks. To better understand the psychology of those risky decisions, we examined neural correlates of playing a virtual sexual 'hook up' game in an functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner in MSM who had, in the past 90 days, been sexually risky (N = 76) or safe (N = 31). We found that during potentially risky sexual choices, previously risky MSM had more right insula activity than previously safe MSM. Real-life sexual risk was related to trait positive and negative urgency. Insula activity that differentiated risky and safe MSM was related to trait positive and negative urgency. Future work should further examine if, and to what extent, insula activation during safe sex negotiation drives MSM's rash risky sexual decision-making.
The Metrics and New Imaging Marker Qualification in Medical Imaging Modalities

There are four key uses for medical imaging: screening, diagnosis or prognosis, monitoring the natural history of the disease, and monitoring therapeutic intervention. There are eight key metrics when evaluating a biomarker or imaging technique which has to be put into context with the key use of the system. This chapter will describe these key metrics in this context with particular emphasis of the use in clinical trials.
Laboratory eligibility criteria as potential barriers to participation by black men in prostate cancer clinical trials.

73Background: Eligibility criteria may disproportionately affect black patients and contribute to their underrepresentation in clinical trials. We studied this potential barrier by examining clinical trials in prostate cancer, a disease in which black men face higher incidence and mortality. Specifically, we investigated the use of serum creatinine (sCr) alone instead of race-adjusted measurements for renal function, and the use of an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) threshold that could exclude men with benign ethnic neutropenia, which afflicts 6.7-8% of black patients and could lead to the exclusion of patients despite having healthy immune systems. Methods: We identified 401 interventional prostate cancer clinical trials with an overall survival endpoint. The list of trials was collected on January 16, 2017 from clinicaltrials.gov using the following criteria – study type: interventional studies; conditions: prostate cancer; interventions: drug; outcome measures: overall survival. Characteristics gather...
Improved Cryptanalysis of HFEv- via Projection

The HFEv- signature scheme is one of the most studied multivariate schemes and one of the major candidates for the upcoming standardization of post-quantum digital signature schemes. In this paper, we propose three new attack strategies against HFEv-, each of them using the idea of projection. Especially our third attack is very effective and is, for some parameter sets, the most efficient known attack against HFEv-. Furthermore, our attack requires much less memory than direct and rank attacks. By our work, we therefore give new insights in the security of the HFEv- signature scheme and restrictions for the parameter choice of a possible future standardized HFEv- instance.
Fatal pancreatitis, a consequence of excessive leukocyte stimulation?

Acute pancreatitis, in most cases, is a self-limiting disease with few complications and a low mortality. By contrast, the severe form of the illness frequently leads to multiple organ failure which may prove fatal. Death usually is thought to result from autodigestion of the pancreas by prematurely activated enzymes and damage to distant organs by pancreatic enzymes spilled into the circulation. The key role in this process is attributed to trypsin, the trigger of the pancreatic enzyme cascade. Although examination of pancreatic tissue during pancreatitis suggests cellular damage by digestive enzymes, there are several observations that rob this hypothesis of some of its plausibility and invite reassessment of the role of pancreatic enzymes, and in particular trypsin, in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. (1) Active trypsin is rarely found in more than trace amounts in the pancreas of patients or experimental animals that died of the disease [1-4]. (2) The integrity of the pancreas is protected from the potentially lethal effect of its enzymes by a multiplicity of safeguards: (a) Potentially dangerous enzymes are present as inactive zymogens sequestered in zymogen granules. (b) The zymogen granule is an actively acidified compartment precluding trypsin activity or zymogen activation [5]. (c) The Ca-concentration (< 1 mM) of pancreatic secretions favors degradation of trypsinogen rather than activation. (d) Pancreatic secretions contain a specific trypsin inhibitor, capable of inactivating up to 20% of potential trypsin activity.
The Positive Second Amendment: Rights, Regulation, and the Future of Heller

The Second Amendment is among the most recognized provisions of the Constitution. It is also perhaps the most misunderstood. Common misconceptions about the amendment - what it forbids, what it permits, how it functions as law - distort the gun debate and America's constitutional culture. In The Positive Second Amendment, Blocher and Miller provide the first comprehensive post-Heller account of the history, theory, and law of the right to keep and bear arms. Their aim is not to pick sides in the gun debate, but rather to show how a positive account of the 'constitutional' Second Amendment differs from its political cousin. Understanding the right to keep and bear arms as constitutional law will challenge many deeply held beliefs. But it may also provide a better way to negotiate the seemingly intractable issues that afflict America's debate over gun rights and regulation.
Bench-scale optimization of mixing variables during anionic conditioning of Florida phosphates

The flotation performance of Florida phosphate rock was evaluated in terms of the mixing behavior of reagents and particulates during anionic conditioning of phosphate slurries. The various conditioning variables that influence mixing, namely, solids loading, agitation speed and conditioning time, were investigated to determine their effect on reagent coating of the particles. The phosphate recovery was used to monitor the conditioning efficiency. The mixing characteristics of the phosphate feed were evaluated in terms of the ratio of the mixing power (P) to the minimum power (Pm) required to keep the slurry in suspension. It was found that mixing conditions govern the conditioning time required to obtain a high recovery. Reagentization was slower at lower P/Pm ratios. At higher P/Pm ratios, the flotation recovery was optimized, and the agitation speed was found to have no significant effect. Optimum mixing conditions were obtained for a 74 wt% slurry at an agitation speed of 450 rpm (47 radians/sec). Under these optimum mixing conditions, the collector dosage required for an improved recovery was lower and the conditioning time was shorter.
Regulation of apoptosis in health and disease: the balancing act of BCL-2 family proteins

The loss of vital cells within healthy tissues contributes to the development, progression and treatment outcomes of many human disorders, including neurological and infectious diseases as well as environmental and medical toxicities. Conversely, the abnormal survival and accumulation of damaged or superfluous cells drive prominent human pathologies such as cancers and autoimmune diseases. Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved cell death pathway that is responsible for the programmed culling of cells during normal eukaryotic development and maintenance of organismal homeostasis. This pathway is controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins, which contains both pro-apoptotic and pro-survival members that balance the decision between cellular life and death. Recent insights into the dynamic interactions between BCL-2 family proteins and how they control apoptotic cell death in healthy and diseased cells have uncovered novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Importantly, the development of both positive and negative small-molecule modulators of apoptosis is now enabling researchers to translate the discoveries that have been made in the laboratory into clinical practice to positively impact human health.
(Re)Visiting the Corner Store: Black Youth, Gentrification, and Food Sovereignty

Health food access continues to be a focus of research, policy, and activism on a global scale. In the USA, healthy corner store initiatives seek to improve food access and health outcomes, with particular attention to urban, low-income neighborhoods where Black and Latinx populations reside. However, a nutritional perspective alone deflects attention from changing contexts and from the meaning of stores for residents. As cities gentrify, who will these renovated corner stores serve? Do they abet or stem displacement? How do locals “make sense” of themselves and their relationships through corner stores? These questions urge attention to corner (or convenience) retailers from a critical and relational perspective, one that addresses power dynamics such as race and racism as well as the role relationships may play. In this chapter, I visit three corner stores with African-American and Afro-Latinx youth in their gentrifying neighborhood. Their experiences in Austin, Texas illustrate demographic shifts and how corner stores can be sites of Black relationship- and self-making. I draw on Black geographies scholarship and the food sovereignty movement to underscore how relationships have already transformed local marketplaces. Throughout, I consider possibilities for research and practice that reimagine corner stores beyond food access.
EBIC: a scalable biclustering method for large scale data analysis

Biclustering is a technique that looks for patterns hidden in some columns and some rows of the input data. Evolutionary search-based biclustering (EBIC) is probably the first biclustering method that combines high accuracy of detection of multiple patterns with support for big data. EBIC has been recently extended to a multi-GPU method and allows to analyze very large datasets. In this short paper, we discuss the scalability of EBIC as well as its suitability for RNA-seq and single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) experiments.
Cytokine Storm Syndromes Associated with Epstein–Barr Virus

Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous and predominantly B cell tropic virus. EBV, one of the most common viruses to infect humans, is best known as the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis (IM). Although most people experience asymptomatic infection, EBV is a potent immune stimulus and as such it elicits robust proliferation and activation not only of the B-lymphocytes it infects, but also the immune cells that respond to infection. In certain individuals, such as those with inherited or acquired defects affecting the immune system, failure to properly control EBV leads to accumulation of EBV-infected B cells as well as reactive immune cells, which together contribute to the development of often life-threatening cytokine storm syndromes (CSS). Here, we review the normal immune response to EBV and discuss several CSS associated with EBV, such as chronic active EBV infection, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Given the critical role for cytokines in driving inflammation and contributing to disease pathogenesis, we also discuss how targeting specific cytokines might provide a more effective and less toxic treatment for EBV-driven CSS.
Identification of FUBP1 as a Long Tail Cancer Driver and Widespread Regulator of Tumor Suppressor and Oncogene Alternative Splicing

Summary Comprehensive sequencing approaches have allowed for the identification of the most frequent contributors to cancer, known as drivers. They have also revealed a class of mutations in understudied, infrequently altered genes, referred to as “long tail” (LT) drivers. A key challenge has been to find clinically relevant LT drivers and to understand how they cooperate to drive disease. Here, we identified far upstream binding protein 1 (FUBP1) as an LT driver using an in vivo CRISPR screen. FUBP1 cooperates with other tumor suppressor genes to transform mammary epithelial cells by disrupting cellular differentiation and tissue architecture. Mechanistically, FUBP1 participates in regulating N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation, and its loss leads to global changes in RNA splicing and widespread expression of aberrant driver isoforms. These findings suggest that somatic alteration of a single gene involved in RNA splicing and m6A methylation can produce the necessary panoply of contributors for neoplastic transformation.
Performance of electrode-supported silica membrane separators in lithium-ion batteries

Commercially used polymer separators for lithium-ion batteries are inherently flammable and their reliability is limited to specific temperatures. The electrode-supported alumina separator shows good cell performance with improved safety. However, alumina is heavier than polymer separators and thus has a lower weight-based energy density. This paper reports synthesis and characterization of a lighter and low-cost silica (quartz) membrane separator for lithium-ion batteries and its performance in comparison with alumina separators. Thin (40 μm) quartz silica films can be readily coated on a Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) electrode by the blade-coating method from a quartz silica slurry due to its more favorable particle shape and matching zeta-potential as compared to alumina. A new infiltration method shows that quartz silica separators exhibit better electrolyte wettability than alumina and polypropylene (PP) separators. LTO/Li cells with quartz silica, alumina and PP separators exhibit similar cyclability indicating that the quartz silica separator is inert to the cell internals. However, the EIS results show that the quartz silica separators have a better charge transfer rate and lower SEI resistance compared to the cells with the alumina and PP separators. The results demonstrate that the quartz silica separator is more favorable inorganic material as the membrane separator for safer, higher energy density and better performing lithium-ion batteries.
Isolation and characterization of denitrifiers from woodchip bioreactors for bioaugmentation application.

Aims This study was done to obtain denitrifiers that could be used for bioaugmentation in woodchip bioreactors to remove nitrate from agricultural subsurface drainage water. Methods and results We isolated denitrifiers from four different bioreactors in Minnesota, and characterized the strains by measuring their denitrification rates and analysing their whole genomes. A total of 206 bacteria were isolated from woodchips and thick biofilms (bioslimes) that formed in the bioreactors, 76 of which were able to reduce nitrate at 15°C. Among those, nine potential denitrifying strains were identified, all of which were isolated from the woodchip samples. Although many nitrate-reducing strains were isolated from the bioslime samples, none were categorized as denitrifiers but instead as carrying out dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium. Conclusions Among the denitrifiers confirmed by 15 N stable isotope analysis and genome analysis, Cellulomonas cellasea strain WB94 and Microvirgula aerodenitrificans strain BE2.4 appear to be promising for bioreactor bioaugmentation due to their potential for both aerobic and anaerobic denitrification, and the ability of strain WB94 to degrade cellulose. Significance and impact of the study Denitrifiers isolated in this study could be useful for bioaugmentation application to enhance nitrate removal in woodchip bioreactors.
Revisiting Innovative Technologies to Determine Substantial Similarity in Musical Composition Infringement Lawsuits

Amusic video by SirMashalot2 combines six awardwinning popular country-western songs,[3] demonstrating the amazing similarity among the tunes. Not mentioned by the mash-up[4] artist is that none of the songs are infringing on any of the others. While all copied the same chord progressions, none copied any protected copyrightable expression, and thus none of the authors of the melodies are infringing. It is often difficult to determine if there has been unlawful copying of a song. Currently, a judge or jury relies on music experts who analyze the songs based on a limited number of characteristics in a head-to-head comparison. In addition, these finders of fact may not have an adequate musical knowledge base to make a bona fide determination. For example, in Dawson v. Hinshaw Music,[5] the finder of fact had to compare the sheet music of the two songs in question, even though he did not know how to read sheet music.[6]
Intraoperative Cortical Asynchrony Predicts Abnormal Postoperative Electroencephalogram

Background Postoperative electroencephalograms (EEGs) can identify seizure activity and neurologic dysfunction in high-risk neonates requiring cardiac surgical procedures. Although intraoperative EEG monitoring is uncommon, variations in cerebral blood flow and temperature during antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) can manifest as cortical asynchrony during EEG monitoring. We hypothesized that intraoperative EEG cortical asynchrony would identify neonates at risk for abnormal postoperative EEG tracings. Methods Neonates requiring ACP for cardiac repair or palliation had continuous baseline, intraoperative, and postoperative hemodynamic and EEG monitoring. Synchronous and asynchronous cortical bursts were quantified during (1) cooling before ACP, (2) ACP, and (3) rewarming. Asynchronous bursts were defined as interhemispheric variations in electrical voltage or frequency. Neonates were divided into 2 groups, those with and without an abnormal postoperative EEG, which was defined as either persistent asynchrony for more than 2 hours or seizure activity on EEG. Results Among 40 neonates, 296 asynchronous bursts were noted, most commonly during rewarming. Eight (20%) neonates had an abnormal postoperative EEG (seizure activity, n = 3; persistent asynchrony, n = 5). Baseline demographics and intraoperative hemodynamics were similar between the groups. However, the total number of intraoperative asynchronous bursts was greater in neonates with an abnormal postoperative EEG (17 [11, IQR:24] vs 3 [IQR:1, 7]; P Conclusions Neonates with a greater number of intraoperative asynchronous cortical bursts had an abnormal postoperative EEG.
Abstract 6513: 3,3'-diindolylmethane enhances tumor regression after radiation through protecting normal cells to modulate anti-tumor immunity

Preclinical and clinical data indicate that radiotherapy acts as an immune modifier, having both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). 3.39-Diindolylmethane (DIM), the acid-catalyzed dimer of the bioactive indole found in cruciferous vegetables, has long been known for its anticancer properties and has been proposed for use as a cancer prevention agent. The current study characterizes how DIM influences TIME and tumor regression after fractionated radiation treatment using preclinical breast cancer models. We first compared tumor graft models using immune-competent and immune-deficient mouse strains to find out whether immune cells are required for DIM9s effects. Tumor targeted radiation was done using narrow-beam radiation with shielding. Tumor regression was monitored after DIM and radiation combined treatment and radiation alone. Our results indicated that DIM enhanced tumor regression after radiation treatment in immune-competent but not immuno-deficient mice. Data from nCounter® PanCancer immune profiling panel showed DIM increased intratumoral immune cells including cytotoxic T cells, neutrophils and macrophages after radiation and enhanced immunological processes such as adhesion and antigen processing. Expression of several MHC Class II molecules and CD74, a gene encoding chaperone and transport cofactor that assists MHC II molecules folding and presenting, significantly increased in the combined treatment of radiation and DIM. The results showing that DIM treatment alone does not affect tumor growth suggested that DIM9s radioprotective effect on non-tumoral cells, including stromal cells and immune cells, plays a critical role in promoting a microenvironment that favors anti-tumor immunity. Additional experiments showed that DIM protected normal cells from radiation-caused immediate injuries in vitro and in vivo. In summary, DIM9s radioprotective effects on immune cells and other normal cells are important in promoting a TIME that favors anti-tumor immunity. As a result, DIM increases the efficacy of radiation treatment on tumor regression. This study supports the development of DIM as an adjunct agent for radiation treatment. Citation Format: Renxiang Chen, Lijun Li, Yun-Tien Lin, Arslon Humayun, Albert J. Fornace Jr., Heng-Hong Li. 3,39-diindolylmethane enhances tumor regression after radiation through protecting normal cells to modulate anti-tumor immunity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 6513.
Mary Mcavoy, Rehearsing Revolutions: The Labor Drama Experiment and Radical Activism in the Early Twentieth Century

This book presents a history of theatre experimentation at labour colleges in the United States. It traces the evolution of theatre pedagogy from progressive ideal to political activism and address...
A century of pollen foraging by the endangered rusty patched bumble bee (Bombus affinis): inferences from molecular sequencing of museum specimens

In 2017 the rusty patched bumble bee (Bombus affinis) became the first bee listed under the Endangered Species Act in the continental United States due to population declines and an 87% reduction in the species’ distribution. Bombus affinis decline began in the 1990s, predating modern bee surveying initiatives, and obfuscating drivers of decline. While understood to be a highly generalist forager, little is known about the role that resource limitation or shifting floral community composition could have played in B. affinis decline. Determining which floral species support B. affinis could assist conservation efforts where B. affinis persists and identify floral species for restoration efforts. We constructed a historical foraging profile of B. affinis via DNA sequencing of pollen from museum specimens spanning seven states collected from 1913 to 2013. Molecular analysis revealed no temporal changes in the floral richness or composition of B. affinis pollen samples across our sampling period. Likewise, we found no temporal changes in the presence or proportion of native vs. introduced species in pollen samples, though we observed much greater use of introduced floral species than previously determined for B. affinis. Floral community composition was regionally dissimilar, inconsistent with patterns of B. affinis decline by state. Our results suggest B. affinis decline was unlikely to have been driven by spatial or temporal limitations of specific floral species. This work greatly expands the known forage of B. affinis and will provide managers with insight to aid the conservation of B. affinis.
Toward an understanding of GRB prompt emission mechanism. I. the origin of spectral lags

Despite decades of investigations, the physical mechanism that powers the bright prompt γ-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still not identified. One important observational clue that still has not been properly interpreted is the existence of time lags of broad light curve pulses in different energy bands, referred to as "spectral lags." Here, we show that the traditional view invoking the high-latitude emission "curvature effect" of a relativistic jet cannot account for spectral lags. Rather, the observed spectral lags demand the sweep of a spectral peak across the observing energy band in a specific manner. The duration of the broad pulses and inferred typical Lorentz factor of GRBs require that the emission region be in an optically thin emission region far from the GRB central engine. We construct a simple physical model invoking synchrotron radiation from a rapidly expanding outflow. We show that the observed spectral lags appear naturally in our model light curves given that (1) the gamma-ray photon spectrum is curved (as observed), (2) the magnetic field strength in the emitting region decreases with radius as the region expands in space, and (3) the emission region itself undergoes rapid bulk acceleration as the prompt γ-rays are produced. These requirements are consistent with a Poynting-flux-dominated jet abruptly dissipating magnetic energy at a large distance from the engine.
Radiative double-electron capture for oxygen and fluorine ions colliding with thin-foil C: Effects of multiple collisions

Radiative double-electron capture (RDEC), a process considered the inverse of double photoionization of ions, has been investigated for $\ensuremath{\sim}2$ MeV/u fully stripped and one-electron oxygen and fluorine ions colliding with thin-foil C targets. These measurements are a follow-up to the first evidence for RDEC [A. Simon, A. Warczak, T. Elkafrawy, and J. A. Tanis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 123001 (2010)] in ion collisions with carbon, and to our recent observation of the process for 2.11 MeV/u ${\mathrm{F}}^{9,8+}$ ions [D. S. La Mantia, P. N. S. Kumara, S. L. Buglione, C. P. McCoy, C. J. Taylor, J. S. White, A. Kayani, and J. A. Tanis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 133401 (2020)] in collisions with gas targets of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and Ne. Coincidences between emitted photons and outgoing ions in charge states q-2 (the expected RDEC charge state), q-1, and q were recorded. Differences in coincidences with all three charge states are appreciable and are attributed to unavoidable multiple charge-changing collisions of the ions as they transverse the thin-foil target. Also, significant differences between the spectra for oxygen and fluorine are seen, despite these ions being just one atomic number apart. Cross sections for RDEC were determined and compared with previous data for thin-foil solid and gas targets as well as with theoretical calculations.