cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of fenofibrate therapy and ABCA1 polymorphisms on high-density lipoprotein subclasses in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network

Abstract Background: Previous studies have shown that ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 ( ABCA1) polymorphisms associated with increased ABCA1 expression result in increased small HDL (high-density lipoprotein) subclass particle concentration. This study examines the effect of treatment with fenofibrate, a drug known to bind peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) which increases the expression of ABCA1 gene, on lipoprotein subclass profiles of individuals stratified by ABCA1 genotypes. Methods: Participants of Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) were treated with fenofibrate over a three week period. We analyzed six ABCA1 polymorphisms in 287 GOLDN participants with triglyceride concentrations ⩾150mg/dL and studied their associations with HDL subclass particle concentrations, as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, before and after treatment. Results: Fenofibrate treatment did not result in significant changes in small HDL subclass particle concentration. When changes in HDL subclasses were stratified by ABCA1 polymorphism genotypes, there were no statistically significant associations between ABCA1 genotypes and small HDL subclasses before fenofibrate treatment. However, after fenofibrate treatment the KK genotype of R1587K (mean 4.40μmol/L; p =0.004) and the RK genotype of R219K (mean 1.60μmol/L; p =0.02) polymorphisms were associated with significantly increased small HDL. The R1587KKK genotype (mean 4.80μmol/L; p =0.0002) and the R219K KK genotype (mean 2.50μmol/L; p =0.02) were also associated with increased HDL particle concentrations. Conclusion: There is a synergistic effect between ABCA1 polymorphisms and fenofibrate. Thus, our study indirectly confirms the role of fenofibrate and genotype in increasing cholesterol efflux, as evidenced by increased small HDL particles.
Cycle-To-Cycle Variations: A Chaotic Process?

Abstract A simple spark ignition engine cycle model has been used to illustrate the concept that cycle-to-cycle variations are an inherent consequence of non-linear combustion kinetics. Sample calculations show highly chaotic behavior when the burn time occupies an excessive fraction of the cycle time. The results are consistent with the well known fact that the engine designer must strive to shorten the burn time as much as possible to minimize variations.
On the breaking of standing internal gravity waves

A solution has been found for the transient behaviour of resonant growing standing waves by using a perturbation expansion. Comparison with laboratory experiments as well as a numerical nonlinear solution of the same problem leads to the conclusion that: (i) the transient behaviour and the nonlinear tendency of the standing waves are described well by the analytic expression; (ii) the numerical results describe the solution very well until the wave starts to break; (iii) from the laboratory experiments and the numerical results, the standing internal gravity waves break owing to local gravitational instability at a critical amplitude which is similar to the one predicted by the expansion theory; (iv) the critical amplitude seems to be the maximum amplitude that a wave can reach; (v) when the generation of turbulence is violent, the small eddies begin forcing a secondary flow characterized by layers of strong jets separated by patches of turbulence.
Robust registration of manuscript images

In this paper we present an application of image registration techniques to the specific domain of manuscript images. We show the application of this technique to images of the Venetus A, a 10th century manuscript of Homer's Iliad. The same algorithm is used to register images of the MS across time (including photographs separated by over a century), as well as across imaging modalities.
General vector auxiliary differential equation finite-difference time-domain method for nonlinear optics.

The auxiliary differential equation finite-difference time-domain method for modeling electromagnetic wave propagation in dispersive nonlinear materials is applied to problems where the electric field is not constrained to a single vector component. A full-vector Maxwell’s equations solution incorporating multiple-pole linear Lorentz, nonlinear Kerr, and nonlinear Raman polarizations is presented. The application is illustrated by modeling a spatial soliton having two orthogonal electric field components. To the best of our knowledge, the numerical technique presented here is the first to model electromagnetic wave propagation with two or three orthogonal vector components in dispersive nonlinear materials. This technique offers the possibility of modeling sub-wavelength interactions of vector spatial solitons.
Evolution of protein sequences and structures.

The relationship between sequence similarity and structural similarity has been examined in 36 protein families with five or more diverse members whose structures are known. The structural similarity within a family (as determined with the DALI structure comparison program) is linearly related to sequence similarity (as determined by a Smith-Waterman search of the protein sequences in the structure database). The correlation between structural similarity and sequence similarity is very high; 18 of the 36 families had linear correlation coefficients r>/=0.878, and only nine had correlation coefficients r</=0.815. Inclusion of higher-order terms in the structure/sequence relationship improved the fit by less than 7% in 27 of the 36 families. Differences in sequence/structure correlations are distributed evenly among the four protein structural classes, alpha, beta, alpha/beta, and alpha+beta. While most protein families show high correlations between sequence similarity and structural similarity, the amount of structural change per sequence change, i.e. the structural mutation sensitivity, varies almost fourfold. Protein families with high and low structural mutation sensitivity are distributed evenly among protein structure classes. In addition, we did not detect strong correlations between structural mutation sensitivity and either protein family mutation rates or protein size. Our results are more consistent with models of protein structure that encode a protein family's fold throughout the protein sequence, and not just in a few critical residues.
Hepatocellular Proliferation in Ibuprofen-Treated Mice

Female B6C3F1 mice were treated with ibuprofen for 2 wk or 90 days to monitor effects on hepatocellular proliferation during acute and subchronic exposure. Proliferation was assessed by bromodeoxyuridine labeling. Mice treated with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg ibuprofen for 2 wk had significantly increased liver weights. A dose-related increase in the number of labeled hepatocytes per 1,000 hepatocytes suggested that the weight increases were in part a result of hepatocellular proliferation. Hepatocellular hypertrophy also contributed to the increased liver size as indicated by decreases in the number of hepatocytes per high power field. Ultrastructural evaluation indicated that hepatocyte peroxisome size increased significantly in treated mice. Mice treated with 100 or 200 mg/kg ibuprofen for 90 days and given bromodeoxyuridine during the last 2 wk of ibuprofen exposure had statistically significant increases in relative liver weights. However, the number of labeled hepatocytes per 1,000 hepatocytes was not increased, and there was no evidence of hepatocellular hypertrophy. Mice given 200 mg/kg ibuprofen for 90 days had significantly decreased serum triglycerides. These findings indicate that ibuprofen treatment of mice results in hepatomegaly characterized by hepatocellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Peroxisomal changes may be contributory to the pathogenesis of this lesion.
Identification and Recent Distribution of White-Footed Mice (Peromyscus) in New England

External features and quantitative cranial characteristics can be used to distinguish between Peromyscus leucopus and P. maniculatus where they occur sympatrically in New England. Discriminant function analysis was used to prepare a test by which skulls of adults of these species can be identified. Geographic and ecological distributions of white-footed mice in New England were reviewed.
Some Effects of Feeding Thyroid to Immature Fishes (Platypoecilus)

SummaryThyroid-feeding of immature Platypoecilus maculatus and P. variatus resulted in exophthalmos, decreased growth rate and altered body proportions, in addition to precocious sex maturation as indicated by the early but atypical differentiation of the male gonopod.
Kinetics of Grain Growth Across Bond Interface During Diffusion Bonding

Generally, the elimination of the voids in bond interface is considered to be the rate-controlling mechanism for diffusion bonding. In an earlier paper, the author proposed a new theoretical model for solid-state diffusion bonding of similar matals, in which the grain growth across the bond interface was considered to be the governing mechanism for diffusion bonding. The aim of the model is to understand how the joint strength is affected both by process variables (temperature, pressure, time) and by the microstructures of the materials being joined. In this paper, the mechanism of grain growth and recrystallization is discussed, and the calculation of an appropriate kinetic equation is made based on a diffusion bonding experiment on a hot-rolled 7075 aluminum alloy. The calculated results basically agree with those of the experiment.
How Mathematics Meets the World

No paper in the history of science has had a greater impact solely through its title than Eugene Wigner’s “The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences” [3]. The title conveys both a claim and a puzzle. The claim is that mathematics is the language in which our most accurate scientific theories are formulated. The puzzle is why the language of mathematics should be such an effective tool for describing the physical world. The claim is indisputable. The puzzlement requires some unpacking.
175 EFFECT OF ANTIMICROBIAL CLASS ON THE HOST INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES.

Background Penicillin (PEN) has been the time-honored therapy for infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus [GAS]). However, PEN alone is not considered adequate therapy for severe GAS soft tissue infections because of the “Eagle effect” (efficacy of clindamycin [CLI] or erythromycin but not PEN in severe soft tissue infection in animal models). The mechanisms responsible for the Eagle effect are poorly understood but may include a blunted host cytokine response to GAS. Purpose We sought to determine whether exposure of macrophages to GAS in the presence of CLI, daptomycin (DAP), linezolid (LZD), or vancomycin (VAN) (compared with PEN) resulted in reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion. Methods RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were exposed to a live M1T1 isolate of S. pyogenes (106 cfu/mL) in the presence of either DAP, PEN, CLI, VAN, LZD, or various combinations of these antibiotics for 16 to 18 hours. After incubation, cell supernatants were collected and assayed for TNF concentration by ELISA. Results We found that RAW 264.7 cells secreted more TNF when exposed to the M1T1 isolate in the presence of PEN (compared with any of the other antibiotics). Exposure of the isolate to DAP led to substantially less macrophage TNF secretion (compared with PEN or any of the other antibiotics: 40% less than PEN, 39% less than LZD, 33% less than CLI, and 19% less than VAN, p Conclusions We found that exposure of an M1T1 isolate of GAS to DAP (alone or in combination with PEN) consistently resulted in reduced secretion of TNF by macrophages (compared with exposure of the organism to PEN or the other comparator antibiotics). Treatment of severe GAS soft tissue infections with DAP alone or in combination with PEN may result in less intense inflammation compared with other therapies. This possibility should be examined in animal models of GAS soft tissue infection similar to those performed by Eagle and colleagues.
Characteristics of fracture development in Sudeerte buried hill in Hailaer basin

According to the core and imaging log data of Sudeerte buried hill in Hailaer basin,the type,density,width and filling time of fractures are studied.A quantitative relationship between the fracture density derived from core statistic data and imaging log data is established and planar distribution of fracture in the target area is forecast.The results show that the fractures in the eastern part of the target area are better developed than that in the west,and the fractures in the south part of study area are better developed than that in the north.
Some Problems of " Zhejiang Bao Shi-gong Possessions," of the Ancient Painting

"Si Ku Quan Shu" calligraphy books and many other history books are written under the titles of "Zhejiang Bao Shi-gong possessions," in fact,these books are from Bao Shi-gong's father Bao Tingbo 's carefulcollection.Qianlong 37 years Bao Ting-bo ran to their home collections,the court allowed the child into the offer in order to compile Bao Shi-gong "Si Ku Quan Shu",Bao Ting-bo made a great contribution.He is a famous Qing bibliophile,collated scientists,his "Collection of zhi-bu-zu room " is acollection with very high academic value and collection value.
An evaluation on the uncertainty in determination of halogenated hydrocarbon in water by headspace gas chromatography

Objective To evaluate the uncertainty in determining the concentration of seven kinds of halogenated hydrocarbon in drinking water. Methods Headspace gas chromatography was used to determinate seven kinds of halogenated hydrocarbon in drinking water. The causes of uncertainty from the program were analyzed and each component of uncertainty was calculated. Results As the concentration of trichloromethane,carbon tetrachloride,trichloroethylene,tetrachloroethylene,dibromochloromethane and bromoform in water were 12. 95,0. 51,5. 42,4. 99,4. 95,2. 66 and 10. 17μg /L,respectively,the expanded uncertainty of them were 2. 13,0. 08,0. 81,0. 71,0. 92,0. 54 and 1. 30 μg /L( k = 2),respectively. Conclusion The major factors that influence the uncertainty of determining the seven kinds of halogenated hydrocarbon in drinking water by headspace gas chromatography are repeated sample measurement,standard working curve fitting and errors from sample recovery.
Investigation on Mental Health of Students in Sino-foreign Co-operational School

To explore students’ mental health status in sino-foreign co-operational school,the SCL-90 was conducted between students in normal English school and sino-foreign co-operational school,comparing with Chinese norm.The results showed subjects’ scores of SCL-90 were significantly higher than the Chinese norm in all factors.And somatization,hostility,photic anxiety,paranoid ideation and the other factor of students in sinoforeign co-operational school is significantly higher than those of normal English major university.
Analysis of virulence gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from 2006 to 2008 in Dongguan

Objective:To investigate the virulence gene change of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from 2006 to 2008 in Dongguan.Methods:PCR method and Kanagaw phenomenon method was used to detect the virulence gene.Results:The positive rate of tdh and trh gene in the Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from food poisoning samples was 85.2%(127/149) and 8.7%(13/149),respectively.And it was 6.3%(3/48) and 2.1%(1/48) from the environment samples.The positive rate of Kanagaw phenomenon for all the Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains was 91.9%(137/149).Conclusion:The pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in Dongguan is very strong,and most of them from food poisoning include tdh gene.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
Interprofesssional collaboration: nurses on the team.

Many health care issues are especially amenable to interprofessional collaboration, such as those involving cost, quality assurance, and institutional strategic planning. However, when the problems embraced by an interprofessional team are overwhelming in scope or the outcomes unclear, collaboration becomes difficult. The work of the group should be defined clearly and the task manageable for the designated timeframe. Because health care issues are multi-dimensional and complex, this must be established at the start of the collaboration. When the group work is identified explicitly, members can determine if
Crystal structure of rofecoxib bound to human cyclooxygenase-2.

Rofecoxib (Vioxx) was one of the first selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors (coxibs) to be approved for use in humans. Within five years after its release to the public, Vioxx was withdrawn from the market owing to the adverse cardiovascular effects of the drug. Despite the widespread knowledge of the development and withdrawal of Vioxx, relatively little is known at the molecular level about how the inhibitor binds to COX-2. Vioxx is unique in that the inhibitor contains a methyl sulfone moiety in place of the sulfonamide moiety found in other coxibs such as celecoxib and valdecoxib. Here, new crystallization conditions were identified that allowed the structural determination of human COX-2 in complex with Vioxx and the structure was subsequently determined to 2.7 A resolution. The crystal structure provides the first atomic level details of the binding of Vioxx to COX-2. As anticipated, Vioxx binds with its methyl sulfone moiety located in the side pocket of the cyclooxygenase channel, providing support for the isoform selectivity of this drug.
Perceived Peer and Parent Out-Group Norms, Cultural Identity, and Adolescents’ Reasoning About Peer Intergroup Exclusion

Cultural group identity and group norms are significantly related to social exclusion evaluations (Bennett, 2014). This study examined 241 Jewish-American mid (M = 14.18 years, SD = 0.42) to late (M = 17.21 years, SD = 0.43; MageTOTAL = 15.54 years, SD = 1.57) adolescents’ cultural identities and contextually salient perceived group norms in relation to their evaluations of Arab-American inclusion and exclusion across two contexts (peers vs. family at home). Results suggest that perceived group norms are related to the context in which they are applied: parents in the home and peers in the peer context. Peers remained a significant source of perceived group norms in the home context. Significant interactions emerged between perceived parent group norms and cultural identity. Findings highlight the need to address group-specific norms by context to ensure maximum effectiveness for intergroup interventions.
Pathophysiology of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Investigators at Emory University, Atlanta, GA review the epidemiology, pathophysiology and management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), sometimes called pseudotumor cerebri or benign intracranial hypertension, terms now considered inappropriate.
Imaging of Neurologic Conditions in Pregnant Patients.

The imaging appearances of acute and chronic neurologic conditions that may be seen during and early after pregnancy are reviewed in this article.
Which Parameters Control Production from Shale

Is it the quality of the formation or the quality of the completion that determines or controls the productivity of a shale well?
It's all just mathematics

The world can be described using mathematical equations and numbers, but why does maths do it so well? In his new book Our Mathematical Universe, a section of which is abridged and edited here, Max Tegmark makes the radical proposal that our reality isn't just described by mathematics – it is mathematics.
Mast Cell Granule Induced Late Phase Responses (LPR) in Rat Skin: Effect of Corticosteroids (CCS). Partial Purification of Infiltration Inducing Factors

Mast cell degranulation in response to 48/80 or anti-IgE or the administration of purified mast cell granules (MCG) causes PMN infiltrates in rat skin by 2–8 h followed by mononuclear infiltrates at 24–48 h. MCG, purified either with perigranular membranes or free of both membranes and elutable mediators, generate a late phase reaction (LPR) in a dose related fashion; 1 μg (measured as protein) produces discernable LPR while 5 μg attract ≧ 150 cells/HPF (3 +) in rat skin after 8 or 24 h. A 3 + -infiltrate is also induced by 5 µg of two partially purified factors obtained from MCG by ultrafiltration. Fraction A (Fr A) has a MW 500–10 000; Fr B contains molecules exceeding 10 000 daltons.
The relationship between joint attention and theory of mind in neurotypical adults

Joint attention (JA) is hypothesized to have a close relationship with developing theory of mind (ToM) capabilities. We tested the co-occurrence of ToM and JA in social interactions between adults with no reported history of psychiatric illness or neurodevelopmental disorders. Participants engaged in an experimental task that encouraged nonverbal communication, including JA, and also ToM activity. We adapted an in-lab variant of experience sampling methods (Bryant et al., 2013) to measure ToM during JA based on participants' subjective reports of their thoughts while performing the task. This experiment successfully elicited instances of JA in 17/20 dyads. We compared participants' thought contents during episodes of JA and non-JA. Our results suggest that, in adults, JA and ToM may occur independently.
Abstract #2298: High throughput screening identifies two classes of antibiotics: tetracycline and fluoroquinolone eliciting radioprotection

Whole body irradiation causes severe apoptotic cell death of radiation sensitive tissues. Among them, acute hematopoietic syndromes are serious problem even at low dose exposure. Thus, agents protecting immune system from radiation cytotoxicity would be immediately useful for the case of radiation emergencies. From a high throughput screening of over 33,000 compounds of small molecule libraries, two classes of antibiotics, tetracycline analogs and fluoroquinolones, clearly emerged as being radioprotective towards a mouse lymphocyte cell line. These compounds also protected human lymphoblastoid cells against radiation-induced apoptosis and were further tested in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, two injections of tetracycline prior to a lethal dose of radiation to the whole body (8 Gy) improved survival to 87.5% while all vehicle treated mice expired. The enhanced survival might be due to the protection of both lymphoid and myeloid stem/progenitor populations from radiation damage. Tetracycline injection post 8 Gy irradiation also improved the survival, but with lesser efficacy. In vitro pretreatment of human lymphoblastoid cells with tetracycline at 20 \#956;M reduced the foci formation of histone H2AX, indicating the protection from DNA double strand breaks. In addition, tetracycline does not interfere with radiotherapy of mouse lung tumor cells grafted in mice suggesting potential application for cancer radiotherapy. The mechanisms of tetracycline action in both normal tissue protection and sensitization of tumor cells are currently being investigated. This work was supported by UCLA\#8217;s Center for Biological Radioprotectors U19 AI067769/NIAID. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2298.
The medicolegal landscape of spine surgery: how do surgeons fare?

Abstract Background Context Because of the limited and confidential nature of most legal data, scarce literature is available to physicians about reasons for litigation in spine surgery. To optimally compensate patients while protecting physicians, further understanding of the medicolegal landscape is needed for high-risk procedures such as spine surgery. Based on these, surgeons can explore ways to better protect both their patients and themselves. Purpose To characterize the current medicolegal environment of spine surgery by analyzing a recent dataset of malpractice litigation. Study Design A retrospective study. Patient Sample All malpractice cases involving spine surgery available to public query between the years of 2010 and 2014. Outcome Measures Case outcome for spine surgery malpractice cases between the years of 2010 and 2014. Methods WestlawNext was used to analyze spine surgery malpractice cases at the state and federal level between the years 2010 and 2014. WestlawNext is a subscription-based, legal search engine that contains publicly available federal and state court records. All monetary values were inflation adjusted for 2016. One hundred three malpractice cases were categorized by case descriptors and outcome measures. Claims were categorized as either intraoperative complaints or preoperative complaints. Results Rulings in favor of the defendant (surgeon) were noted in 75% (77 of 103) of the cases. Lack of informed consent was cited in 34% of cases. For the 26 cases won by the plaintiff, the average amount in settlement was $2,384,775 versus $3,945,456 in cases brought before a jury. Cases involving consent averaged a compensation of $2,029,884, whereas cases involving only intraoperative complaints averaged a compensation of $3,667,530. A significant correlation was seen between increased compensation for plaintiffs and cases involving orthopedic surgeons (p=.020) or nerve injury (p=.005). Wrong-level surgery may be associated with lower plaintiff compensation (p=.055). The length of cases resulting in defense verdicts averaged 5.51 years, which was significantly longer than the 4.34 years average length of settlements or verdicts in favor of plaintiffs (p=.016). Conclusions Spine surgeons successfully defended themselves in 75% of lawsuits, although the cases won by physicians lingered significantly longer than those settled. Better understanding of these cases may help surgeons to minimize litigation. More than one third of cases involved a claim of insufficient informed consent. Surgeons can protect themselves and optimize care of patients through clear and documented patient communication, education, and intraoperative vigilance to avoid preventable complications.
Characterization of radiation dose from tube current modulated CT examinations with considerations of both patient size and variable tube current

Purpose The volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and the size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) are widely used for monitoring patient dose from CT examinations. Both metrics may represent the average dose over the central scan plane of the CTDI phantom or the patient under constant tube current (mA), but they are not intended for the tube current modulation (TCM)-enabled CT examinations, in which the peak dose across the scanned range may not be at the scan range center. To overcome the limitation, this paper illustrates an alternative approach, its implementation, and the relationship between longitudinal dose distribution DL(z) in water cylinder and mA lineshape, scan length, as well as phantom diameter. Methods A dose calculation algorithm and the published data by Li et al. [Med. Phys. 40, 031903 (10pp.) (2013); 41, 111910 (5pp.) (2014)] were used to calculate DL(z) for the central and peripheral axes of 10- to 50-cm diameter water phantoms undergoing CT scans of one constant and three variable mA distributions, each of which in three scan lengths of 10, 28.6, and 50 cm. All scans had an identical average tube current over the scan ranges. The results in the scanned ranges were used to assess the DL(z) to mA(z) ratios, and their coefficients of variation (CV = stdev/mean) were used to compare the lineshapes of DL(z) and mA(z) for congruence: identical lineshapes would result in CV = 0, but largely different lineshapes would result in high CV. Results In 30-cm diameter water phantom, the lineshape of DL(z) was largely different from that of mA(z). CV was higher in a variable mA scan than in a constant mA scan. As the scan length of variable mA scan increased, CV mostly decreased, and the lineshape of DL(z) more closely resembled that of mA(z). When two phantom axes were compared, CV was smaller and the lineshape of DL(z) more closely resembled that of mA(z) on the peripheral axis than on the central axis. In forty-one water phantoms included in this study, CV mostly increased with phantom diameter, and approached the limiting levels on the peripheral axes of large phantoms. In constant mA scans, CV ranged from 5.5% to 14.0% on the phantom central axes and from 4.6% to 6.4% on the phantom peripheral axes. Whereas in variable tube current scans, CV ranged from 7.4% to 70.0% on the phantom central axes and from 5.1% to 35.9% on the phantom peripheral axes. Conclusion DL(z)(water) may be advantageous over current CT dose metrics in characterizing the dose dependences on both patient size and mA lineshape from tube current modulated examinations. Evaluating DL(z)(water) with the water equivalent diameter and tube current curve from clinical examinations has a potential to improve CT dose monitoring program. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Rhinologic Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Transsphenoidal Surgery

Transsphenoidal surgery, while considered minimally invasive compared to transcranial approaches, may still lead to significant issues if the delicate anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is not evaluated and any comorbid disease not recognized. Preexisting anatomical variations such as septal deviation or concha bullosa of the turbinates may significantly limit access. Underlying sinonasal inflammation may predispose to increased difficulty of the surgery or protracted symptomatology during the postoperative course. Other patient issues such as the tumor pathology and/or hormone production must also be considered. A thorough history of the patient’s sinonasal history must be obtained and, when necessary, specialty consultation obtained in order to optimize the surgery and recovery periods. At times, this may require delay of the surgery in order to avoid the unexpected complications such as nasal scarring, chronic or recurrent sinusitis, or sinus mucoceles. This chapter will help direct the surgeon with preoperative assessment in order to optimize outcome.
Morpho-phonemic analysis boosts word reading for adult struggling readers.

A randomized control trial compared the effects of two kinds of vocabulary instruction on component reading skills of adult struggling readers. Participants seeking alternative high school diplomas received 8 h of scripted tutoring to learn forty academic vocabulary words embedded within a civics curriculum. They were matched for language background and reading levels, then randomly assigned to either morpho-phonemic analysis teaching word origins, morpheme and syllable structures, or traditional whole word study teaching multiple sentence contexts, meaningful connections, and spellings. Both groups made comparable gains in learning the target words, but the morpho-phonemic group showed greater gains in reading unfamiliar words on standardized tests of word reading, including word attack and word recognition. Findings support theories of word learning and literacy that promote explicit instruction in word analysis to increase poor readers’ linguistic awareness by revealing connections between morphological, phonological, and orthographic structures within words.
Production of Nitrosyl Mediators in Astrocytes

Astroglial cells have the potential to play a dynamic role in intercellular communication in the CNS. These cells display a variety of surface receptors and have been shown to release a number of vaso- and neuroactive compounds (Murphy, 1993). The close spatial relationships of astrocytes with neurons, and with the microvasculature, implicates them in bidirectional signalling processes.
Corporate Ethics Codes: A New Generations' Tool for Strategic Global Management and Decision-Making

The premise of this article is that it is important to train domestic and international executives in management ethics using corporate ethics codes. Incorporating ethics codes into the professional development of executives in business and industry contributes to the institutionalization of codes in the global workplace. Ethics institutionalization imbues corporate structures with understanding, both internally and externally, of the concepts of ethics. At an east coast University School of Management a Comparative Code Method (CCM) was developed and tested. Among the major findings, was that the use of corporate codes quickly transitions employees from an individual ethical perspective to a corporate ethical perspective.
Vestibular rehabilitation: advances in peripheral and central vestibular disorders.

Purpose of reviewRehabilitation for persons with vertigo and balance disorders is becoming commonplace and the literature is expanding rapidly. The present review highlights recent findings of both peripheral and central vestibular disorders and provides insight into evidence related to new rehabili
The impact of self-construal and message frame valence on reactance: a cross-cultural study in charity advertising

In the context of charity advertising, this two-study design project aims to contribute at the intersection of three literatures: psychological reactance theory (PRT), messaging framing, and self-c...
Streaming a Sequence of Textures for Adaptive 3D Scene Delivery

Delivering rich, high quality 3D scenes over the internet is challenged by the size of the 3D objects in terms of geometry and textures. This paper proposes a new method for the delivery of textures, which are encoded and delivered as a video sequence, rather than independently. Implemented on the existing video delivery infrastructure, our method provides a fine-grained control on the quality of the resulting video sequence.
Research on Pricing Segmentation Method of Electric Vehicle Charging Service Fee

this paper studies the current status and price mechanism of electric vehicle charging service fee, proposes a segmentation service pricing mechanism, and a pricing method of electric vehicle charging service fee in regular period based on AP clustering algorithm, and simulates the algorithm of the division period. The clustering performance index, the AP clustering method and the performance index analysis of the k-means algorithm under the given K value are used to verify the segmentation rationality and select the optimal clustering value to determine the specific time period scheme. Through the genetic algorithm this paper develops the segment service fee price strategy, and through the analysis of the service fee case in different time periods, this paper compares the pre- and post-partition load curve comparison, and establishes the segment service fee price, which guides the user to charge at off-peak period, and can alleviate the peak-valley pressure of charging load and improve the utilization rate of charging facilities, thereby improving the comprehensive income and market competitiveness of operators. This method provides a reference for the flexible pricing of service fees for operators of electric vehicle charging stations.
Carcinoid tumors of the rectum.

Abstract The literature pertaining to carcinoid tumors has been reviewed, and emphasis has been placed on those tumors which occur in the rectum. A brief historical review of these neoplasms is given, the incidence and clinical manifestations are discussed, and a logical approach to the problem of therapy is presented. Six cases of rectal carcinoids have been presented, one of which was a “malignant” neoplasm.
The impact and origins of non-stoichiometry on the laser performance of ion beam sputtering deposited hafnia films (Conference Presentation)

We compare the distribution of hafnia chemistries as a function of sun and planet position in an ion beam sputtering system. Hafnia film chemistries were investigated both without and with planetary rotation. In the former case, the film thickness, stoichiometries and entrapped argon varied drastically as a function of sun position, with one sun position exhibiting high entrapped argon content. With full planetary rotation used during deposition, the film stoichiometry is nearly ideal with 6% entrapped argon content. It is observed that the center of the planets is an exception, with a slightly metallic stoichiometry and high entrapped argon. Interestingly, all hafnia optical films produced in this study exhibit an inverse relationship between oxygen content and entrapped argon.
Wound Field Synchronous Machine with Segmented Rotor Laminations and Die Compressed Field Winding

To increase the torque density of salient pole wound field synchronous machines (WFSMs) a high slot fill die compressed field winding is investigated. Increasing the slot fill of the field winding allows, for the same field ampere-turns, either the rotor ohmic losses to be reduced or the cross-sectional area of the coil to be reduced allowing for more iron in the rotor pole or a reduced flux path length reducing the saturation and MMF required to excite the machine. The compressed coils are single solid objects requiring a joint in the rotor lamination to insert them. The electromagnetic optimization, mechanical design, and construction of the segmented rotor laminations, compression die, and prototype eight pole WFSM rotor are presented.
Beyond the discipline: Nurse practitioner members and leaders of interdisciplinary research teams.

ABSTRACT Complex clinical questions and problems require expertise beyond one discipline to answer or resolve. Research teams that include members with different foundational perspectives across various disciplines are needed. In particular, the growing trend toward technological innovations to help patients self-manage health has been the impetus for the development of interdisciplinary research teams. The goal of this study was to provide guidance for nurse practitioners who are interested in developing effective and successful interdisciplinary teams to complete clinical research projects. A case example is used throughout the study to illustrate the process of interdisciplinary team building. The success of interdisciplinary teams requires team members who are fully invested in the project, available and willing to engage and communicate with other members of the team, and able to form relationships of trust and respect for each discipline's unique contributions to the project.
The Great Game and the evolving nature of political talk shows on Russian television

Much has been written about the specific way in which the Russian government under President Vladimir V. Putin uses television to propagate pro-government views on domestic and international politi...
Kidfluencer exposure, materialism, and U.S. tweens’ purchase of sponsored products

Kidfluencers comprise a relatively new form of advertising to which young adolescents are exposed. Therefore, this study explored the relation between exposure to kidfluencers and the purchase of p...
Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Cellular Compartments

Molecular dynamics or MD simulation is gradually maturing into a tool for constructing in vivo models of living cells in atomistic details. The feasibility of such models is bolstered by integrating the simulations with data from microscopic, tomographic and spectroscopic experiments on exascale supercomputers, facilitated by the use of deep learning technologies. Over time, MD simulation has evolved from tens of thousands of atoms to over 100 million atoms comprising an entire cell organelle, a photosynthetic chromatophore vesicle from a purple bacterium. In this chapter, we present a step-by-step outline for preparing, executing and analyzing such large-scale MD simulations of biological systems that are essential to life processes. All scripts are provided via GitHub.
Transient Hyperphosphatasemia Following Pediatric Kidney Transplant.

Introduction Transient hyperphosphatasemia (TH) is a rare benign condition of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels seen in healthy children. TH has been reported to occur in pediatric solid organ transplants, including kidney transplant patients. Little is known about TH in pediatric kidney transplant patients. Objective To evaluate the incidence and natural history of TH in pediatric kidney transplant patients. Methods A retrospective chart review of patients < 18 years of age who underwent kidney transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh between 2008 and 2019 was performed to identify patients with TH, defined as an AP level greater than 1,000 IU/L. Exclusion criteria included repeat kidney transplants or kidney transplant as part of a multiorgan transplant. Results One hundred seventy-six patients underwent a solitary kidney transplant, of which 87 were less than 12 years of age. Eleven patients (6.5%) were found to have TH, all of whom were 2,300 IU/L (range: 1,227 - 4,912 IU/L). The median time from a kidney transplant to the diagnosis of TH was 0.6 years (range: 0.3 to 7.7 years). The median length of time that TH persisted was 0.5 years (range: 0.2 to 0.9 years). The median estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at the time of diagnosis of TH was 84 mL/min/1.73m2 per the bedside Schwartz equation (range: 45 to 152 mL/min/1.73m2). One patient had variable AP levels over nine months prior to resolution; the other 10 patients had a solitary peak of AP prior to resolution. No patient required treatment of elevated AP levels and the TH resolved spontaneously without intervention. No patients had significant abnormalities of markers of metabolic bone disease or were on active vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus supplements. Two patients reported bone pain, and one patient was found to have avascular necrosis of the hip. Conclusions TH is a relatively common finding following a pediatric kidney transplant in pre-pubertal children less than 12 years of age. It primarily occurs in the first year following a kidney transplant and usually resolves without recurrence within one year of onset.
Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation in the 2020 IEEE GRSS Data Fusion Contest

We propose an iterative clustering-based label super-resolution approach and epitome-based approach to weakly supervised semantic segmentation, as well as a deep learning-based postprocessing step for land cover segmentation. An ensemble of the iterative clustering and epitome approaches with the proposed postprocessing step results in a top validation leaderboard average accuracy of 70.43%. A similar ensemble, that also considers class accuracy feedback from the leaderboard, achieves a top Track 1 leaderboard average accuracy of 57.49%.
Regulation of RNA processing and transport by a nuclear guanine nucleotide release protein and members of the Ras superfamily.

Abstract The RCC1 gene of mammals encodes a guanine nucleotide release protein (GNRP). RCC1 and a homolog in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MTR1/PRP20/SRM1) have previously been implicated in control of mRNA metabolism and export from the nucleus. We here demonstrate that a temperature-sensitive fission yeast mutant which has a mutation in a homologous gene, and two of three additional (mtr1/prp20/srm1) mutants accumulate nuclear poly(A)+ RNA at 37 degrees C. In S.cerevisiae, maturation of rRNA and tRNA is also inhibited at 37 degrees C. Nevertheless, studies with the corresponding BHK-21 cell mutant indicate that protein import into the nucleus continues. MTR1 homologs regulate RNA processing at a point which is distinct from their regulation of chromosome condensation since: (i) poly(A)+ RNA accumulation in the fission yeast mutant precedes chromosome condensation, and (ii) unlike chromosome condensation, accumulation of nuclear poly(A)+ RNA does not require p34cdc28 kinase activation or protein synthesis. Moreover, experiments involving inhibition of DNA synthesis indicate that the S.cerevisiae homolog does not govern cell cycle checkpoint control. Since RCC1p acts as GNRP for Ran, a small nuclear GTPase of the ras superfamily, we have identified two homologs of Ran in S.cerevisiae (CNR1 and CNR2). Only CNR1 is essential, but both code for proteins extremely similar to Ran and can suppress mtr1 mutations in allele-specific fashion. Thus, MTR1 and its homologs appear to act as GNRPs for a family of conserved GTPases in controlling RNA metabolism and transport. Their role in governing checkpoint control appears to be restricted to higher eukaryotes.
Climate Change and Freshwater Fauna Extinction Risk

Fresh waters—rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, wetlands—cover less than 1 percent of the earth’s surface, yet their biodiversity is unrivaled. Fully 10 percent of all known animal species and a third of all vertebrate species, including about 40 percent of the world’s fishes, live in fresh waters. Other well represented groups include insects, crustaceans, mites, and mollusks (table 17-1). Further, an estimated 20,000-200,000 freshwater animal species (mostly invertebrates, including those cryptic species inhabiting ground waters) have yet to be described (Strayer, 2006). Despite this rich diversity, extinction risk of freshwater species has been largely overlooked (Strayer and Dudgeon, 2010).
Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures in Men: Comparison of Clinical and Psychosocial Features between Afro-American and Caucasian Patients. (P5.091)

OBJECTIVE: Comparing clinical and psychosocial features of PNES in Afro-American and Caucasian-White Males. BACKGROUND: PNES represent 10[percnt]-40[percnt] of refractory epilepsy mostly in females. The features of PNES in males are scarcely reported especially among AAM. DESIGN/METHODS: Retrospectively reviewed 3359 charts of all patients admitted to EMU between 2001 and 2011. Male 蠅18 years with the diagnosis of PNES were ascertained. The demographic, clinical features and psychosocial informations were evaluated. Separate independent samples Mann Whitney U-tests were conducted RESULTS: Out of 282 with PNES 54 (19[percnt]) were males.16 were AAM 19-55yrs old and 31 WM 18-58 yrs and 87[percnt] were 50[percnt] of the spells lasted >5 mintues. Reported history of head injury in 56[percnt] of AAM and 19[percnt] of WM, depression/anxiety in 50[percnt] and 64.5[percnt] and alcohol/substance abuse in 19[percnt] and 6.5[percnt] respectively. 75[percnt] of AAM and 55[percnt] of WM were in disability benefit. Only one AAM and 7 WM were employed and 19[percnt] in both groups were without employement or benefits. Both ethnic groups behaved similarly for all characteristics but seizure frequency was higher in AAM than WM (mean 2.25vs.1.77). CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed fewer significant ethnic difference suggesting that PNES among males are likely similar. Some of the differences such as more frequent limb/unresponsive in WM and higher incidence of reported head injury, alcohol/substance abuse and disability benefit in AAM may give insight into causation of PNES Study Supported by: None Disclosure: Dr. Abubakr has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wambacq has nothing to disclose.