cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Promoting emotional health through haiku, a form of Japanese poetry

This teaching technique can be adapted to use with young children. The use of rhymes may be easier and more fun for younger students. Also, this teaching technique can be used to address numerous health issues, which makes it appropriate for all health content areas. In addition to using student selections that illustrate various emotions, other resources are available for this activity. Libraries and bookstores offer wide selections of books containing poetry and quotations. In addition to books about haiku, consider general poetry selections by Maya Angelou, e.e. cummings, Ogden Nash, and Shel Silverstein. Musical selections can represent different styles, such as the Beatles' "Yesterday"; Blind Melon's "Change"; Garth Brooks' "The Dance"; Eric Clapton's "Tears from Heaven"; Gloria Estefan's "Coming Out of the Dark"; Whitney Houston's "Emotional" and "I Will Always Love You"; and Elton John's "Circle of Life." Internet sites also can be accessed for poetry samples (see Internet Resources). An Internet resource for ordering discounted books, including selections about haiku and poetry, is Amazon.com--Earth's Largest Book store, at http:www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ subst/home/home.html/0184-8423170-571096.
The infrared spectra of fluoro-substituted alkoxy and phenoxy 2,4,6-trisubstituted-s-triazines

Abstract The infrared spectra of a series of newly synthesised fluoro-substituted alkoxy and phenoxy derivatives of s -triazine are presented. Correlations of these spectra with structure are discussed. Effects of substitution on the C 3 N 3 -ring and effects of aliphatic and aromatic groups on C—F modes are also discussed.
A Forward-Looking Software Reuse Strategy

Instrument ground support equipment (IGSE) software reuse from one mission to the next is a practical necessity in the aerospace industry. Schedule and budget constraints often dictate significant reuse of heritage designs when proposing, designing and implementing IGSE for new missions. This practice often results in a tight coupling between the IGSE designs of successive missions. In situations such as this, a forward-looking software reuse strategy can be very effective in reducing the cost of future IGSE designs, and improving the software quality of the IGSE for both current and future missions. A forward- looking software reuse strategy is one that anticipates the future direction of IGSE design/architecture and factors that anticipated/planned direction into the architecture of the current design. This typically takes the form of reusable interfaces that partition the problem space into encapsulated pieces that can be easily replaced or refactored in future designs. Rather than attempting to describe the technique in abstract terms (which can become rather nebulous), we'll illustrate the point using a specific example of how this technique was applied to the design of the command- generating portion of the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironemnt, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission IGSE software. We'll show that a forward-looking software reuse strategy resulted in higher quality IGSE software for the MESSENGER mission, and also higher quality and less costly IGSE software for subsequent missions that reused this software.
IP-in-IP tunneling to enable the simultaneous use of multiple IP interfaces for network level connection striping

With ubiquitous computing and network access now a reality, multiple network conduits are become widely available to mobile as well as static hosts: for instance wired connections, 802.11 style wireless LANs, Bluetooth, and cellular phone modems. Selection of the preferred mode of data transfer is a dynamic optimization problem which depends on the type of application, its bandwidth/latency/jitter requirements, current network conditions (such as congestion or traffic patterns), cost, power consumption, battery life, and so on. Furthermore, since wireless bandwidth is likely to remain a scarce resource, we foresee scenarios wherein mobile hosts will require simultaneous data transfer across multiple IP interfaces to obtain higher overall bandwidth.We present a brief overview of existing work which enables the simultaneous use of multiple network interfaces and identify the applicability as well as strengths and weaknesses of these related approaches. We then propose a new mechanism to aggregate the bandwidth of multiple IP paths by splitting a data flow across multiple network interfaces at the IP level. We have analyzed the performance characteristics of our aggregation scheme and demonstrate significant gains when the network paths being aggregated have similar bandwidth and latency characteristics. In addition, our method is transparent to transport (TCP/UDP) and higher layers, and allows the use of multiple network interfaces to enhance reliability. Our analysis identifies the conditions under which the proposed scheme, or any other scheme that stripes a single TCP connection across multiple IP paths, can be used to increase throughput.
Neighbor discovery in wireless networks using compressed sensing with Reed-Muller codes

A novel scheme for full-duplex neighbor discovery in wireless networks is proposed. The scheme allows all nodes to simultaneously discover one-hop neighbors and identify their network interface addresses (NIAs) within a single frame of transmission, which typically consists of no more than a few thousand symbols. The key technique is to assign each node a unique on-off signature derived from a second-order Reed-Muller code and let all nodes simultaneously transmit their signatures. Despite that the radio is half-duplex, each node observes a superposition of its neighbors' signatures (partially) through its own off-slots. To identify its (small number of) neighbors out of a large network address space, each node solves a compressed sensing (or sparse recovery) problem using a chirp reconstruction algorithm. A network of over one million Poisson distributed nodes (with 20-bit NIAs) is studied numerically, where each node has 30 neighbors on average, and the channel between each pair of nodes is subject to path loss and Rayleigh fading. Within a single frame of 4,096 symbols, nodes can discover their respective neighbors with on average 99.9% accuracy at 16 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The algorithm is scalable to networks of virtually any size of practical interest due to its sub-linear complexity. The new scheme requires much fewer transmissions than conventional random-access discovery schemes to achieve the same performance.
Nanophotonics for energy applications: Thermal rectification and solar cell light trapping

The use of nanophotonic structures creates novel opportunities for energy transfer. We present a design of photon-based thermal rectifier that enables near uni-directional photon heat flow. We also show that nanophotonic structures can achieve light trapping efficiency beyond the conventional Yablonovitch limit.
CONSUMER ACCEPTABILITY OF PROCESSED OSTRICH MEAT PRODUCTS

Two value-added ostrich meat product prototypes were prepared and evaluated by a consumer panel (n = 132) against similar products manufactured entirely from pork. Ostrich “ham” and a control pork ham product were prepared by a traditional ham cure, and Polish sausage products were formulated with either all-pork or a 67% ostrich/33 % pork blend and processed with a commercial spice blend. Ostrich “ham“ tended to be rated lower (P = 0.0537) in salt intensity, but had higher flavor intensity ratings. Consumers gave pork ham more favorable ratings for overall acceptability (P 0.05) between all-pork and ostrich/pork varieties. Results indicate that value-added ostrich meat products were more acceptable when they were more finely ground, spiced, and combined with pork in a sausage product than when they were prepared as a “ham“ product.
Characterization of mixed-layer illite-smectite from bentonites using microscopic, chemical, and X-ray methods; constraints on the smectite-to-illite transformation mechanism

We studied mixed-layer illite-smectite (I/S) (,1 or 0.5 mm size fractions) in 28 diagenetic bentonite samples, Pliocene to Ordovician in age, from different locations in North America and Europe to investigate the smectite-to-illite transformation mechanism. XRDmeasured illite contents ranged from 3 to 100%, and layer ordering varied continuously from R 5 0t o R$ 3. XRD polytype analysis showed that with progressive illitization, I/S changes from a predominantly cis-vacant to a trans-vacant structure, although considerable scatter is present in the data. There is no evolution of illite in the I/S from 1 Md to 1M polytypes with progressive illitization. Microprobe chemical analysis and combustion analysis for N showed that NH comprised 9‐22% of the total fixed cation content. We 1 4 calculated an interlayer charge for the illite end-member of 1.5 per O 20(OH4). Sample morphology was studied by atomic force microscopy, which showed a constant aspect ratio and particle diameter over the whole I/S series. Particle thickness increased with percent illite. Oxygen isotope compositions of the I/S clays did not display any systematic trends. Our results suggest that illitization of bentonite I/S proceeds via a solid-state mechanism, with local lattice rearrangements that permit structural (octahedral cis/trans occupancy) and chemical changes in 2:1 layers and cause interlayer coalescence.
Fate of curcumin encapsulated in silica nanoparticle stabilized Pickering emulsion during storage and simulated digestion

Abstract Stability and release of curcumin was evaluated in silica nanoparticle stabilized Pickering emulsion during storage and simulated gastric and intestinal digestion. Stability and release kinetics of curcumin were characterized based on spectrophotometric measurements to quantify the amount of encapsulated curcumin in Pickering emulsion as a function of time. Physical stability of the emulsion during digestion was characterized using particle size, zeta potential and fluorescence imaging measurements. Biocompatibility of the emulsion and intracellular delivery of a model lipophilic fluorescent compound encapsulated in the emulsion were also determined. Stability of curcumin encapsulated in emulsion was approximately 100 fold higher than the stability of curcumin suspended in distilled water. Passive release measurements showed sustained release of over 80% of the encapsulated curcumin in 36 h. During simulated gastric digestion (2 h), over 80% of the encapsulated curcumin was retained, although limited aggregation of the emulsion droplets was observed. Incubation in simulated intestinal environment resulted in destabilization of the emulsion and approximately 60% of the encapsulated curcumin was released within 2 h of incubation. Fluorescence imaging measurements showed successful cellular uptake of emulsion droplets. Overall, this study demonstrates that Pickering emulsion has a potential for effective delivery of bioactive compounds.
Na2S–Carbon Nanotube Fabric Electrodes for Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries

A unique sodium sulfide (Na2S) cathode is developed, which will allow the use of sodium-free anodes for room-temperature sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries. To overcome the "inert" nature of the Na2S, a special cathode structure is developed by spreading the multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-wrapped Na2S particles onto MWCNT fabrics. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses reveal a series of polysulfide intermediates involved in the charge/discharge of the cell. The Na-S battery prepared in full discharge state with the Na2S/MWCNT cathode provides a remarkable capacity of 500 A h kg(-1) (based on sulfur mass) after 50 cycles.
IFN-αβ and Self-MHC Divert CD8 T Cells into a Distinct Differentiation Pathway Characterized by Rapid Acquisition of Effector Functions

Nonvirus-specific bystander CD8 T cells bathe in an inflammatory environment during viral infections. To determine whether bystander CD8 T cells are affected by these environments, we examined P14, HY, and OT-I TCR transgenic CD8 T cells sensitized in vivo by IFN-alphabeta-inducing viral infections or by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. These sensitized cells rapidly exerted effector functions, such as IFN-gamma production and degranulation, on contact with their high-affinity cognate Ag. Sensitization required self-MHC I and indirect effects of IFN-alphabeta, which together upregulated the T-box transcription factor Eomesodermin, potentially enabling the T cells to rapidly transcribe CTL effector genes and behave like memory cells rather than naive T cells. IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IFN-gamma were not individually required for sensitization to produce IFN-gamma, but IL-15 was required for upregulation of granzyme B. These experiments indicate that naive CD8 T cells receive signals from self-MHC and IFN-alphabeta and that, by this process, CD8 T cell responses to viral infection can undergo distinct differentiation pathways, depending on the timing of Ag encounter during the virus-induced IFN response.
The Algerian retrenchment system : a financial and economic evaluation

The government of Algeria has adopted a new retrenchment system to facilitate labor shedding in a public sector characterized by redundant workers and in an environment of already high unemployment. This article assesses the financial viability of the retrenchment system and the inherent welfare costs and benefits associated with layoffs. A financial flows model tracks the unemployment insurance fund's revenue and expenditure flows during the projected five-year adjustment period. It finds that even in the presence of massive retrenchment (21 percent of formal sector employment), the fund accumulates reserves equivalent to nearly 2 percent of gross domestic product. Because many displaced workers will end up in the informal sector, the resulting productivity gains or losses depend crucially on the initial level of productivity in the public sector. At the same time, retrenchment entails unambiguous benefits by reducing subsidies to state-owned enterprises, thereby generating efficiency gains. Considering these two effects together, the welfare model estimates that retrenching 13 percent of the formal sector will generate annual net welfare gains ranging from costs of $358 million to gains of $774 million.
A quantitative assessment of the competition between water and anion oxidation at WO3 photoanodes in acidic aqueous electrolytes

The faradaic efficiency for O2(g) evolution at thin-film WO3 photoanodes has been evaluated in a series of acidic aqueous electrolytes. In 1.0 M H2SO4, persulfate was the predominant photoelectrochemical oxidation product, and no O2 was detected unless catalytic quantities of Ag+(aq) were added to the electrolyte. In contact with 1.0 M HClO4, dissolved O2 was observed with nearly unity faradaic efficiency, but addition of a hole scavenger, 4-cyanopyridine N-oxide, completely suppressed O2 formation. In 1.0 M HCl, Cl2(g) was the primary oxidation product. These results indicate that at WO3 photoanodes, water oxidation is dominated by oxidation of the acid anions in 1.0 M HCl, H2SO4, and HClO4, respectively.
America’s Baseball Underground

America’s national pastime has long been associated with masculinity and more recently has acknowledged its problems with racial exclusivity. Yet from the time it was professionalized in the 19th century to the aftermath of the Little League Lawsuits of 1973, baseball has excluded girls and women, regarding itself as “too strenuous” or “too violent”, in spite of American girls’ and women’s post-Title IX participation in other more violent contact sports. The contrived exclusion of girls and women ignores their long-abiding affection for and participation in baseball from the early 19th century onward. What explains sequestering baseball for boys only? What are the civic implications of the insistence on masculine exclusivity for the game associated with American national identity?
Microfabricated differential-mode gas sensor utilizing temperature compensation

This work presents a microfabricated differential-mode capacitive gas sensor utilizing temperature compensation. Typical capacitive cantilever sensors offer promise of both high sensitivity and large measurement range. Unfortunately, functionalized cantilevers form a bimorph system, creating a temperature dependence due to the stress gradient induced by the sensor material mismatch. Taking advantage of the reference cantilever commonly employed in differential-mode capacitive sensing, the design presented herein functionalizes the reference cantilever to match the thermal stresses of the sense cantilever, making the temperature dependence common-mode to remove it from the measurement. A surface micromachined polysilicon hydrogen sensor using 50nm of palladium on the sense cantilever, and 40nm of silver on the reference cantilever demonstrates the concept and reduces the temperature induced capacitance error to 4.9fF/°C compared to 16.6fF/°C for a bare reference.
Incorporating Dairy Foods into Low and High Fat Diets Increases the Postprandial Cholecystokinin Response in Men and Women

The postprandial period is a dynamic state of hormone and lipoprotein metabolism that can be influenced by dietary composition. The objective of this study was to determine whether the source of dietary fat [dairy (D) vs. nondairy (ND)] would modify the lipemic, insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK) response to high or low fat meals. Men and women (n = 24) consumed 4 test meals with a similar polyunsaturated:saturated (P:S; 0.12:1) fat ratio. The diets were high (38% energy) or low (20% energy) in fat, with or without fat from dairy sources. CCK responses were greater after consumption of meals containing D than ND, and for high compared with low fat meals. Women had higher CCK responses than men and were more sensitive to the differences in dietary treatments. Consumption of low fat meals resulted in greater insulin responses than high fat meals. However, after consumption of the low fat meals, the insulin response of D was about half of the ND response; no differences in insulin response were detected after the high fat meals. Triacylglyceride response was influenced primarily by the fat content of the diet. Consumption of dairy products containing fat was associated with an enhanced CCK response, which may have implications for the regulation of food intake. Blunting glucose and insulin response in low fat meals containing fat from dairy products may be useful for glycemic control.
Psychometric Properties of the Life Regard Index–Revised: A Validation Study of a Measure of Personal Meaning:

A validation study of the English version of the 28-item Life Regard Index-Revised was undertaken with a sample of 91 participants from the general population. All previous studies of the Index have examined the Dutch version. The test-retest reliabilities at 8 wk. for the total Index (r =.87), Framework (r =.82), and Fulfillment (r =.81) subscales were very high. Cronbach alphas were .92, .83, and .87, respectively. A significant restriction of range was observed at the high-meaning end of the scale. Factor analysis only weakly supported the theorized two-factor structure. A very high disattenuated correlation between the Framework and Fulfillment subscales was observed (r=.94). The Index appeared to have adequate evidence supporting its concurrent and discriminant validity when compared with measures of hopelessness, spiritual well-being, and other measures of personal meaning. A significant positive association was found between the index and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (r=.38). The Index was also significantly associated with sex (women scoring higher) and marital status (divorced people scoring lower). Revisions of the English version may address the restriction of range problem by employing a 5-point rating scale, instead of the current 3-point scale, or by adding more discriminating items. Further factor-analytic studies with larger samples are needed before conclusions can be drawn regarding this scale's factor structure.
The Pitfalls of Parallelism

Physics-mysticism parallelism refers to the two-fold argument, following Capra’s formulation, that (a) “a consistent view of the world is beginning to emerge from modern physics which is harmonious with Eastern wisdoms”, and (b) “Eastern mysticism provides a consistent and beautiful philosophical framework which can accommodate our most advanced theories of the physical world”.1 The basic data for parallelism are common language (for example, English) statements on the nature and implications of physics and mysticism that vary in technical content. The methodology of parallelism is the comparative analysis of such statements. Similar rhetoric, imagery, and metaphoric content in such statements constitute the evidence for parallelism. The basic assumption in this approach is that if the imagery and the rhetorical and metaphoric content of statements on physics and mysticism are similar, the conceptual content must be similar, and the experience of reality must also be similar among physicists and mystics. Earlier I cited Capra’s comparison of statements by Thirring and Chang Tsai. Perhaps the most ambitious application of this method occurs in Needham’s studies on Chinese and modern science, characterized by the continuing discovery of Whiteheadian philosophy,dialectical thought,and anticipatory scientific attitudes, concepts, and methods in Chinese texts.2 This requires searching for, selecting, and translating materials for comparative analysis.
Property Tax Incidence and the Mix of State and Local Finance of Local Expenditures

George R. Zodrow of Rice University considers whether it is desirable to replace local property taxes with state revenue.
Randomized study of intensive MOPP-ABVD with or without low-dose total-nodal radiation therapy in the treatment of stages IIB, IIIA2, IIIB, and IV Hodgkin's disease in pediatric patients: a Pediatric Oncology Group study.

PURPOSETo determine whether the addition of low-dose total-nodal irradiation (TNI) in pediatric patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's disease who have received eight cycles of alternating mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) and doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) will improve the event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) when compared with patients who have received chemotherapy only.PATIENTS AND METHODSAt diagnosis, 183 children and adolescents with stages IIB, IIIA2, IIIB, and IV Hodgkin's disease were randomized to receive eight cycles of alternating MOPP-ABVD with or without low-dose TNI.RESULTSOf 183 patients, four were rendered ineligible before treatment was initiated. One hundred sixty-one of 179 patients (90%) were in complete remission (CR) at the completion of eight cycles of alternating MOPP-ABVD; 81 were in the chemotherapy-only group and proceeded to observation off therapy, whereas 80 of 161 were to receive combined modality t...
Population structure and competition among kin in the chorus frog (Pseudacris triseriata)

In natural populations on Isle Royale, tadpoles of the chorus frog live in small pools on the shore of Lake Superior. Hatchling densities are high and sufficient to cause competitive impact on survivorship, growth, and development. The temporal and spatial pattern of egg laying indicates that tadpoles in many of the pools belong to single sibships. I calculated average coefficients of relationship among tadpoles under the assumption that eggs laid together are the products of the same breeding pair; the coefficients indicate that relationship among competing larvae averages approximately 0.35, and varies widely among larval subpopulations, from less than 0.1 to about 0.5. Two growth experiments were carried out in pens to test whether growth trajectories and larval characteristics at metamorphosis are influenced by relationship among competing tadpoles. In both experiments, initial density was crossed with average relationship; relationship was controlled by varying the number of sibships per pen from one to four. The same sibships were used in both experiments, but one experiment had lower initial densities and less water volume per pen than the other. In both experiments, density reduced growth, developmental rate, size at metamorphosis, survivorship to the onset of metamorphosis, and the proportion of survivors which actually attained metamorphosis by the end of the experiment. Kin effects occurred only in the experiment carried out in small pens at high initial densities: in this experiment, pure sib populations grew faster, and a higher proportion attained metamorphosis. However, there were no kin effects on larval period or body size at metamorphosis. The chorus frog appears to have a population structure conducive to kin-group selection. Furthermore, high variance in the average coefficient of relationship among pools should favor kin recognition and kin-specific interference behavior. The growth experiments suggest that the tadpoles respond to the genetic relationship of competitors, with significant effects on the distribution of fitness at metamorphosis among members of the group.
Cyber Security Analysis for State Estimators in Air Traffic Control Systems

Cyber security has emerged as one of the most important issues in modern Air Traffic Control (ATC) systems whose functionalities heavily rely on communications between networked agents in the system. Since the current ATC systems has not incorporated mechanisms specifically designed to protect their cyber security, potential cyber attacks such as GPS spoofing, false data injection and computer virus may threat the safety of the systems. This paper is focused on the cyber security of linear state estimators (Kalman filters) which are widely used in ATC systems for aircraft surveillance and control. Compared with other components in the ATC system, state estimators can be more easily attacked because they directly process the raw sensor and communication data which can be directly falsified by cyber attacks. Since cyber attacks rarely happen, accurately modeling cyber attacks is usually intractable. Therefore, this paper analyzes all possible attack cases to identify the estimator’s security hole in the worst case. Specifically for a class of linear estimators, namely, the α−β filter, which has wide applications, the optimization tools are used to identify the most dangerous attack sequence among all stealthy cyber attacks. The approach proposed in this paper is general and can be applied to other systems’ security analysis.
Population Dispersion and Development of Sampling Plans for Orius insidiosus and Nabis spp. in Soybeans

Orius insidiosus (Say) and Nabis spp. were plant-shake sampled in Iowa soybeans from 1977 through 1979 to determine dispersion characteristics and to develop sampling plans. Iwao's regression procedure showed that O. insidiosus and nympha Nabis spp. populations consisted of groups of individuals that were slightly aggregated. Adult Nabis spp. populations existed as single individuals randomly distributed. Taylor's power law analysis confirmed these aggregation patterns. Sequential count plans suitable for population research and pest management survey were developed. Practical use of the count plans is discussed.
Physiological Age Composition and Reproductive Biology of Horn Fly Populations, Haematobia Irritans Irritans (Diptera: Muscidae), in Iowa, USA

Age-grading techniques were applied to natural populations of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans , sampled from beef cattle in 1979 and 1980 in Ames, Iowa, USA. Rate of insemination was measured against female physiological age, and a maximum of 78% inseminated was detected among gravid flies. Once begun, vitellogenesis proceeded simultaneously, but not synchronously, in up to 6 follicles per ovariole. It was suggested that oviposition occurs daily among horn flies 3.5 calendar days of age and older. The seasonal mean number of functional ovarioles per fly was 18.4 ± 2.7 and showed no diminution with physiological age. Real differences in the age structure and sex ratio of horn flies were found among samples from cattle backs and bellies. Males and nulliparous females were most frequent on host backs; parous flies were most frequent on the bellies. Average frequency of gravid horn flies was 30% in 1979 and 22% in 1980. Mean frequency of teneral flies was 12.4%, and mean proportion parous was 57.5%. On the principal assumption that risk of mortality among adult flies was independent of age, the probability of survival through 1 day was estimated to be ca. 86%. A calculated mean number of 78 eggs was produced by an adult horn fly over her average expected lifetime of 6.6 days.
The Analysis on Characteristics of Attacking Organizing Tactics for World Elite Volleyball Teams Like China and Cuba Team

In this article, the author makes statistical analysis on three matches (China V S Cuba, Russia VS Brazil) at the 1999 world cup and the 27th Olympic Games, anal yzes the distribution of setters in the four teams, points out the relation betw een the setter and attack tactics of whole team and put forwards the importance of overall cultivating setters.
Developing Computational Resources in Cardiac Gene Expression

The development of biotechnology and the completion of the Human Genome Project have led to the rapid emergence of enormous amounts of genomic information. Computational resources are needed to enable researchers and clinicians to obtain quick, up-to-date information in targeted areas. The creation of this type of subject-specific knowledge base requires expertise in diverse fields. This chapter is meant to provide a detailed overview and blueprint for how to construct a cardiac-specific knowledge base like the Human Cardiac Gene Expression Knowledge Base (CaGE) (1). We have provided an overview of some of the ways to capture, organize, and store the necessary data using Perl scripts. Each group or individual interested in developing a cardiac or gene expression knowledge base will have unique needs. We hope that this information will serve as a guide for the development of new computational tools.
A Longitudinal Test of the Parent–Adolescent Family Functioning Discrepancy Hypothesis: A Trend toward Increased HIV Risk Behaviors Among Immigrant Hispanic Adolescents

Parent-adolescent discrepancies in family functioning play an important role in HIV risk behaviors among adolescents, yet longitudinal research with recent immigrant Hispanic families remains limited. This study tested the effects of trajectories of parent-adolescent family functioning discrepancies on HIV risk behaviors among recent-immigrant Hispanic adolescents. Additionally, we examined whether and to what extent trajectories of parent-adolescent family functioning discrepancies vary as a function of gender. We assessed family functioning of 302 Hispanic adolescents (47 % female) and their parent (70 % female) at six time points over a three-year period and computed latent discrepancy scores between parent and adolescent reports at each timepoint. Additionally, adolescents completed measures of sexual risk behaviors and alcohol use. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to determine the feasibility of collapsing parent and adolescent reported family functioning indicators onto a single latent discrepancy variable, tested model invariance over time, and conducted growth mixture modeling (GMM). GMM yielded a three-class solution for discrepancies: High-Increasing, High-Stable, and Low-Stable. Relative to the Low-Stable class, parent-adolescent dyads in the High-Increasing and High-Stable classes were at greater risk for adolescents reporting sexual debut at time 6. Additionally, the High-Stable class was at greater risk, relative to the Low-Stable class, in terms of adolescent lifetime alcohol use at 30 months post-baseline. Multiple group GMM indicated that trajectories of parent-adolescent family functioning trajectories did not vary by gender. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Phase-referenced fiber-based interferometer and processing scheme for use in color Doppler optical coherence tomography

We present a demonstration of a fiber-based low-coherence interferometer which cancels phase noise by incorporating a continuous wave light source as a phase- reference. Algorithms for Doppler velocity processing amenable to real time implementation are presented.
Amputations in the ICU Setting

The cause for amputations in the ICU varies widely from trauma to sepsis. The tissue is removed to preserve the life of the patient. The etiologies of the necrotic and diseased tissue include chronic medical conditions and nosocomial causes. The clinical scenario in which these need to be performed can be fraught with challenges including logistics, stability of the patient, and comorbidities. The need for immediate amputation and description of these cases are detailed in this chapter as well as the procedural descriptions and postoperative care needed to achieve a successful outcome.
Developing an evidence base of best practices for integrating computerized systems into the exam room: a systematic review.

Objective The introduction of health information technology systems, electronic health records in particular, is changing the nature of how clinicians interact with patients. Lack of knowledge remains on how best to integrate such systems in the exam room. The purpose of this systematic review was to (1) distill “best” behavioral and communication practices recommended in the literature for clinicians when interacting with patients in the presence of computerized systems during a clinical encounter, (2) weigh the evidence of each recommendation, and (3) rank evidence-based recommendations for electronic health record communication training initiatives for clinicians. Methods We conducted a literature search of 6 databases, resulting in 52 articles included in the analysis. We extracted information such as study setting, research design, sample, findings, and implications. Recommendations were distilled based on consistent support for behavioral and communication practices across studies. Results Eight behavioral and communication practices received strong support of evidence in the literature and included specific aspects of using computerized systems to facilitate conversation and transparency in the exam room, such as spatial (re)organization of the exam room, maintaining nonverbal communication, and specific techniques that integrate the computerized system into the visit and engage the patient. Four practices, although patient-centered, have received insufficient evidence to date. Discussion and Conclusion We developed an evidence base of best practices for clinicians to maintain patient-centered communications in the presence of computerized systems in the exam room. Further work includes development and empirical evaluation of evidence-based guidelines to better integrate computerized systems into clinical care.
Evaluation of Two Insecticide Regimens for Control of Sweet Corn Ear Pests, 2015

Fresh market sweet corn grown in Southern Florida requires frequent insecticide applications to prevent ear damage by picture-winged flies (Diptera: Ulidiidae, Euxesta spp., Chaetopsis spp.) and fall armyworm (FAW). Pyrethroid rotation efficacy was compared with a reduced-risk insecticide mixed with a protein feeding stimulant to evaluate insect damage to harvested ears. Three 20-row blocks of var. ‘Obsession’ sweet corn were planted on 76.2 cm (30 in.) beds at the Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade, FL on 16 Sept using …
Bramlett-Parker, J.; Washburn, D.A. Can Rhesus Monkey Learn Executive Attention? Behav. Sci. 2016, 6, 11.

The authors wish to add the following correction to their paper published in Behavioral Sciences [1]:“Monkey” in the title of the article “Can Rhesus Monkey Learn Executive Attention?” shouldbe “Monkeys”.The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused to the readers by this change.The manuscript will be updated and the original will remain online on the article webpage.
Energy Conservation in the Food Processing Industry

The food system utilizes 12.8% of the total energy consumed in the United States. Higher fuel costs increase the need for operating only efficient steam systems in food plants. Checking combustion efficiency by monitoring flue gases and maintaining an exhaust gas temperature no higher than 150 F above that of the saturated steam helps save fuel. The importance of insulating pipelines, buildings, and some equipment is increased as available energy sources become limited. Enlarging a regenerator of a milk pasteurizer from 80 to 90% reduces steam requirements by one-half. Inserting a heat exchanger to capture heat lost through liquid or air discharges saves energy. Infra-red systems can reduce fuel consumption 50% in heating poorly insulated or partially exposed shipping, receiving, or similar areas. The energy efficiency ratio is an important consideration in selection of a refrigeration unit. When operating at low temperatures such as −28 F, a two stage ammonia system can save about 25% of the electricity ...
Association Between Parent Television-Viewing Practices and Setting Rules to Limit the Television-Viewing Time of Their 8- to 12-Year-Old Children, Minnesota, 2011–2015

INTRODUCTION Television (TV) viewing is popular among adults and children, and child TV-viewing time is positively associated with parent TV-viewing time. Efforts to limit the TV-viewing time of children typically target parent rule-setting. However, little is known about the association between parent TV-viewing practices and rule-setting. METHODS We used baseline height and weight data and survey data collected from 2011 through 2015 on parents and their 8- to 12-year-old children (N = 212 parent/child dyads) who were participants in 2 community-based obesity prevention intervention trials conducted in metropolitan Minnesota. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between parent TV-viewing time on weekdays or weekend days (dichotomized as ≤2 hrs/d vs ≥2.5 hrs/d) and parent rules limiting child TV-viewing time. RESULTS Child mean age was 10 (standard deviation [SD], 1.4) years, mean body mass index (BMI) percentile was 81 (SD, 16.7), approximately half of the sample were boys, and 42% of the sample was nonwhite. Parent mean age was 41 (SD, 7.5) years, and mean BMI was 29 (SD, 7.5); most of the sample was female, and 36% of the sample was nonwhite. Parents who limited their TV-viewing time on weekend days to 2 hours or fewer per day were almost 3 times more likely to report setting rules limiting child TV-viewing time than were parents who watched 2.5 hours or more per day (P = .01). A similar association was not seen for parent weekday TV-viewing time. CONCLUSION For most adults and children, a meaningful decrease in sedentariness will require reductions in TV-viewing time. Family-based interventions to reduce TV-viewing time that target the TV-viewing practices of both children and parents are needed.
Reducing Unnecessary Blood Chemistry Testing in the Emergency Department: Implementation of Choosing Wisely

Point of care (POC) laboratory testing is used to improve emergency department (ED) throughput but often overuses resources by duplicating formal laboratory testing. This study sought to evaluate the effect of a multimodal intervention on duplicate chemistry testing. This pre-post analysis included all visits to 2 urban EDs between June 2014 and June 2016. The multimodal intervention including provider education, signage, electronic health record redesign, and audit and feedback focused on reducing duplicate chemistry testing. The primary outcome was the number of duplicate chemistry tests per 100 visits. Autoregressive integrated moving-average models were used to account for secular changes. A total of 299 701 ED visits were included. The daily number of duplicate chemistry and POC chemistry tests significantly decreased following the intervention (3.3 fewer duplicates and 10.2 fewer POC per 100 ED visits, P < .0001). This implementation of a multimodal quality improvement intervention yielded substanti...
A finite difference method for off-fault plasticity throughout the earthquake cycle

Abstract We have developed an efficient computational framework for simulating multiple earthquake cycles with off-fault plasticity. The method is developed for the classical antiplane problem of a vertical strike-slip fault governed by rate-and-state friction, with inertial effects captured through the radiation-damping approximation. Both rate-independent plasticity and viscoplasticity are considered, where stresses are constrained by a Drucker–Prager yield condition. The off-fault volume is discretized using finite differences and tectonic loading is imposed by displacing the remote side boundaries at a constant rate. Time-stepping combines an adaptive Runge–Kutta method with an incremental solution process which makes use of an elastoplastic tangent stiffness tensor and the return-mapping algorithm. Solutions are verified by convergence tests and comparison to a finite element solution. We quantify how viscosity, isotropic hardening, and cohesion affect the magnitude and off-fault extent of plastic strain that develops over many ruptures. If hardening is included, plastic strain saturates after the first event and the response during subsequent ruptures is effectively elastic. For viscoplasticity without hardening, however, successive ruptures continue to generate additional plastic strain. In all cases, coseismic slip in the shallow sub-surface is diminished compared to slip accumulated at depth during interseismic loading. The evolution of this slip deficit with each subsequent event, however, is dictated by the plasticity model. Integration of the off-fault plastic strain from the viscoplastic model reveals that a significant amount of tectonic offset is accommodated by inelastic deformation ( ∼ 0.1 m per rupture, or ∼ 10% of the tectonic deformation budget).
A Vocabulary of Dis-Ease: Argumentation, Hot Zones, and the Intertextuality of Bioterrorism

This article examines the manner in which post-Cold War U.S. public discourse about biological terrorism has been inflected by the intertextuality of U.S. encounters with viruses such as Ebola. In particular, the rhetorical legacy of Richard Preston's book, The Hot Zone, carries several powerful yet often unacknowledged premises regarding the magnitude and likelihood of bioterrorism into public debates about biological threats. The article explores this intertextuality in public argumentation about biodefense preparations and public health advocacy related to the 2001 anthrax attacks by analyzing the persuasive functions of the public vocabulary and cultural maps relied upon in making sense out of biological threats.
Microfibril-associated glycoproteins MAGP-1 and MAGP-2 in Disease

Microfibril-associated glycoproteins 1 and 2 (MAGP-1, MAGP-2) are protein components of extracellular matrix microfibrils. These proteins interact with fibrillin, the core component of microfibrils, and impart unique biological properties that influence microfibril function in vertebrates. MAGPs bind active forms of TGFβ and BMPs and are capable of modulating Notch signaling. Mutations in MAGP-1 or MAGP-2 have been linked to thoracic aneurysms and metabolic disease in humans. MAGP-2 has also been shown to be an important biomarker in several human cancers. Mice lacking MAGP-1 or MAGP-2 have defects in multiple organ systems, which reflects the widespread distribution of microfibrils in vertebrate tissues. This review summarizes our current understanding of the function of the MAGPs and their relationship to human disease.
Device reliability for CMOS image sensors with backside through-silicon vias

In this study, device reliability is characterized for two different 0.18 μm backside illumination CMOS image sensor technologies. We show that for devices with an SiO 2 liner over the gates and with SiN backside dielectrics, the backside processing can degrade device reliability (due to hydrogen depassivation) and that backside process optimization is required to achieve acceptable device reliability (to allow effective repassivation during the final hydrogen anneal).
PECVD grown DBR for microcavity OLED sensor

Organic light emitting devices (OLED) have become a popular topic of research and product development in the past decade. The use of OLEDs as the light source in a compact photoluminescent sensor has been studied for the detection of various chemicals. Controlling the bandwidth of light emitted by the OLED would be beneficial to the sensitivity of these sensors. By building the OLEDs in a microcavity structure, the bandwidth and peak frequency of light being emitted can be controlled and adjusted to a specific value. A key component of a microcavity is a partially transmitting reflector: a reflector with less than 90% reflectance. A dielectric mirror can be manufactured with varying reflectance and can be well integrated into the OLED manufacturing process. The dielectric mirror created for this project is a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) made of alternating silicon nitride and silicon dioxide layers. The layers were grown with plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD); a low temperature, low pressure deposition system. Building a DBR using PECVD allows for the creation of the reflector on any surface that can withstand temperatures of approximately 300◦C and takes less than an hour to make up to four mirrors. The growth rate of silicon nitride and silicon dioxide films from plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of silane, ammonia, and nitrous oxide was characterized. The PECVD system has no growth rate measurement capabilities, therefore characterization was the only way to determine the ultimate growth parameters for this project. A repeatable method for the manufacture of silicon dioxide/nitride distributed Bragg reflectors for use in microcavity OLED sensors was designed. Three DBRs were grown on glass slides and measured with a spectrophotometer. The three slides had reflectance of between 75% and 85% with full widths at half maximum of 170-180nm centered around 570-590nm.
Fostering Technology Transfer, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship from the Perspective of a Public University

The goal of a technology transfer office should be to encourage technology transfer, innovation, and entrepreneurship. For a public university, those goals must also be aligned with the university’s mission as a teaching and research institution. This chapter describes some of the activities in the University of California system and at the University of California, Los Angeles campus in fostering technology transfer, innovation, and entrepreneurship in support of research, education, and public service. These include a new proof-of-concept fund, an on-campus incubator, and a growing student internship program.