cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Societal Development Through Human Resource Development Contexts and Key Change Agents

The Problem.Recently, human resource development (HRD) scholars and practitioners have reported the usefulness and effectiveness of an HRD framework to address emerging problems and issues to bring...
Reading Nietzsche in the Wake Of the 2008-09 War on Gaza

This paper argues for a psychological understanding of Nietzsche's categories of master and slave morality. Disentangling Nietzsche's parallel discourses of strength, superiority, and spirituality in the first essay of On the Genealogy of Morals, I argue that master and slave morality are better understood as ethical practices of the self than surrogates for either a binary classification of strength and weakness or a political demarcation of oppressor and oppressed. In doing so, I offer an application of this analysis to the horrific violence visited upon the Gaza Strip by Israel in its 2008-09 military assault. 1 IN LATE JANUARY 2009, I SAT DOWN to re-read Nietzsche's On the Genealogy of Morals. I remember this otherwise uneventful event so distinctly because, at that moment, Israel's war on Gaza was brutally and unremittingly underway. During this 3-week-long military attack, Israel killed over 1400 Palestinians, most of whom were civilians and approximately 400 of whom were children. Israel, in fact, deliberately targeted civilians—including children and humanitarian aid workers—assaulting Palestinians simultaneously by air, land, and sea, and deploying white phosphorus against them, a chemical intended to operate as a smokescreen for troop movements but when used as a weapon burns people's flesh down to the bone. 2 The brutality of Israel's war was all the more agonizing
In situ calibration of a high-resolution gamma-ray borehole sonde for assaying uranium-bearing sandstone deposits

Abstract A method is presented for assaying radioactive sandstone deposits in situ by using a high-resolution borehole gamma-ray spectrometer. Gamma-ray photopeaks from the same spectrum acquired to analyze a sample are used to characterize gamma-ray attenuation properties, from which a calibration function is determined. Assay results are independent of differences between properties of field samples and those of laboratory or test-hole standards generally used to calibrate a borehole sonde. This assaying technique is also independent of the state of radioactive disequilibrium that usually exists in nature among members of the natural-decay chains.
Do endogenous opioids mediate the relationship between blood pressure and pain sensitivity in normotensives

Elevated resting blood pressure is associated with decreased pain sensitivity in both animals and humans. Recent evidence suggests that this relationship may be mediated by endogenous opioid peptides in hypertensives, but the precise mechanism has not been investigated in normotensives. We examined the effect of opioid receptor blockade with naloxone on the relationship between resting blood pressure and pain sensitivity in normotensive humans. Sixteen young adults were given cold pressor and handgrip challenges after treatment with either naloxone or saline in a placebo-controlled, within-subject design. Multiple regression procedures indicated that resting systolic blood pressure was a significant predictor of cold pain ratings even after the effects of naloxone were statistically controlled. The interaction between systolic blood pressure and opioid blockade was non-significant. These data suggest that the relationship between resting blood pressure and pain sensitivity in normotensive humans is mediated, at least in part, by non-opioid mechanisms.
Pulmonary Function in Cardiac Disease

SUMMARY 1.Measurements of the (forced) total and timed expiratory vital capacities and maximum expiratory flow rates have been made in 11 patients with obvious right ventricular failure and in 18 with left ventricular failure. 2.Pulmonary ventilation studies were of limited value in right ventricular failure except in following the response to therapy. Arterial gas studies were more informative here. 3.However, ventilation tests were a sensitive indicator of incipient or frank left ventricular failure and its response to therapy. 4.Normal parameters obtained on pulmonary ventilation testing as described in this paper were helpful in differentiating acute left ventricular failure from other causes of dyspnea.
Analytical studies of fractions from irradiated lysozyme.

Dry lysozyme (mucopeptide N-acetylmuramylhydrolase, EC 3.2.1.17) irradiated in vacuo with 26 Mrad of γ-rays had been fractionated with NaCl in presence of 0.1 M acetic acid. Gel chromatography of the heavily damaged salt-insoluble fraction, F-I, revealed the presence of species with larger hydrodynamic volume than native lysozyme. The salt-soluble fraction, F-II, showed a gel chromatography elution pattern similar to that of native lysozyme. Molecular weight determinations by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of F-I indicated the presence of altered monomers and polymers formed by integral multiples of monomeric lysozyme. F-II is formed mainly by monomers with solubility and hydrodynamic properties similar to those of native lysozyme. Reduced and alkylated irradiated lysozyme showed a single band on dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis corresponding to monomeric lysozyme, indicating that the polymers are formed by intermolecular disulfide bonds. F-I showed 0.42–0.48 carbonyl groups per molecule; however, no fragmentation of the polypeptide chain was detected. An increase in ammonia was observed for F-I components subjected to several fractionation steps, indicating a decomposition of damaged groups and/or a slow hydrolysis of exposed amide groups. It is proposed that heavily damaged molecules with exposed disulfide bonds can undergo a free radical polymerization initiated by — CH2S· radicals.
Study of Diffusion-Homogenization on SiCp/Al Composites Prepared by Elemental Powder

SiCp/Al composites were prepared by vacuum hot pressing and sintering method. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) is applied to study the diffusion-homogenization process of various elements of powder, and the effect of the diffusion-homogenization temperature and holding time on the SiCp/Al Composites’ microstructure in state of vacuum hot pressing. The results show that the Enrichment of Cu-phase is existed in the composites organization which is in the state of vacuum hot pressing; Al2CuMg fully dissolve into the Al matrix, Cu fully diffused and the diffusion of various elements becomes homogeneous with the temperature increased and time extend. The best processing parameters for the diffusion-homogenization is at 500°Cfor 3h.
Effect of anesthesia and amputation on tumor and general immunity of the mouse

Abstract Tumor-specific as well as general immunity of the mouse was enhanced by amputation and by exposing mice for 24 hours to 1% halothane in room air. In contrast it was found that exposing mice to 1% halothane in oxygen for 24 hours decreased the number of antibody-producing cells. The possible significance of immunosuppression by halothane in oxygen or enhancement of immunity by amputation and by halothane in room air is discussed.
Bimetallic acetyl complexes: (η5-indenyl)2(CO)3Fe2(COCH3)− and (η5-indenyl)(η5-Cp)(CO)3Fe2(COCH3)−: their role in a novel carbonylation reaction

Abstract Treating alkly(η5-indenyl) iron complexes In(CO)2FeR (R  CH3, CH2OCH3) with either nucleophilic metalate Cp(CO)2Fe−Na+ (CP  η5-C5H5) or In(CO)2Fe−Na+ affords stable bimetallic complexes In(CO)Fe (η-CO)2Fe(In)- (COCH3)−Na+ (3) and (In)(Cp)(CO)3Fe2(COR)−Na+ (4, R  CH3; 9, R  CH2OCH3). The fully characterized PPN+ salts 3 and 4 (PPN  Ph3PNPPh3) both retain cis-structures having terminal (η1) acyl ligands. Compound 4 exists as a 1 1 mixture of isomers corresponding to the acetyl group at alternate iron centers: results of 1H NMR magnetization transfer experiments further established that these isomers slowly equilibrate at room temperature. X-ray structural determination of 4PPN+ showed that it crystallizes as the isomer having the acetyl coordinated on the CpFe end. These binuclear acyl products readily fragment (1 atm CO, R′X) into mononuclear acyl products, Cp(CO)2FeCOCH3 and Cp(CO)2FeCOCH2-OCH3 from 4 and 9, respectively, and In(CO)2FeCOCH3 from 3. By-products include In(CO)2FeR′ (R′  CH3, CH3CH2, Ph3Sn) and, depending on the reaction conditions, binuclear vinylidene compounds. A reaction pathway is proposed that accounts (by invoking reversible η5/η3-In ligand shifts) for the regioselective cleavage and carbonylation of 4 and 9 to their mononuclear Cp(CO)2Fe-acyl products.
Photopolymerization of conductive polymeric metal nanoparticles.

5-Mercapto-2,2′-bithiophene functionalized metal nanoparticles BTSMs [M: copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and gold (Au)] of different diameters (2–8 nm) were synthesized. Conductive polymeric metal nanoparticles were formed from BTSM by UV irradiation. The photopolymerization mechanism was investigated using transient absorption measurements. Intramolecular electron transfer from the ligand to the metal nano-core was confirmed. Nanoparticle size, as well as plasmon electronic interactions, are important factors. The smaller the nanoparticle and the stronger the electronic interactions, the faster the electron transfer is. The three-dimensional structure of the polymerized BTSM was identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The conductivity of polymerized BTSM measured in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) film is higher than that of the nonpolymerized BTSM.
Self-adjusting multi-way search trees

Abstract We introduce a new data structure, the k-forest , which is a self-adjusting multi-way search tree. A k -forest provides an efficient implementation of a weighted Dictionary in a virtual memory environment where the time to access a tree node is much greater than the time to examine data itmes in a node. We achieve results that are natural generalizations of the Working Set and Static Optimality theorems of Sleator and Tarjan for splay trees. Thus we are able to show that even when the lookup frequencies of the elements of the dictionary are not known in advance, a k -forest can equal or exceed the performance of an optimal static multi-way tree which is built knowing the lookup frequencies in advance.
Treatment of Hepatitis C in Solid Organ Transplantation

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly prevalent worldwide, and results in significant morbidity and mortality. HCV frequently infects haemodialysis patients and appears to impact on long-term survival of kidney transplant recipients. Therefore, treatment is recommended for kidney transplant candidates before transplantation and should be avoided following transplantation because of a high risk of allograft rejection. HCV infection does not appear to influence survival in cardiac transplant recipients and cardiac transplant recipients should also not be treated. In general, HCV-infected patients with cirrhosis are not considered as candidates for either kidney or cardiac transplantation given their risk of decompensation. HCV is the most common indication for liver transplantation and re-infection with varying degrees of liver injury is universal. Survival after liver transplantation is reduced among HCV-infected patients when compared with uninfected controls. Therefore, treatment using interferon and ribavirin is advocated; however, such therapy is frequently limited by adverse effects. Thus, improved antiviral treatment modalities are eagerly awaited in the transplant setting.
Exercise tolerance as a guide to therapeutic efficacy for heart failure : the potential for angiotensin receptor blockers.

The early trials of efficacy of therapy for heart failure focused on exercise tolerance as a guide to symptom relief. Patients with heart failure usually seek medical help because of an impairment of their exercise capacity, and it seemed reasonable to use quantitative assessment of this capacity to guide our therapeutic efforts. Indeed, early studies of nitrates1 and of captopril2 3 suggested a significant improvement in peak exercise capacity when these drugs were added to conventional therapy. The duration of these studies, which were designed to demonstrate short-term improvement, was usually 3 to 6 months. Then why has exercise tolerance fallen out of favor in the continuing effort to document efficacy of therapy? A number of reasons can be cited. Peak exercise time during a progressively loaded test has a very subjective end point dependent on the motivation of both the patient and the examiner. The end point can be made more quantitative by the collection of expired gas to calculate peak oxygen consumption and to document that the subject surpassed the anaerobic threshold,4 but this adds considerable complexity to a multicenter study. Furthermore, demonstration of a statistically significant increase in exercise time does not …
The antisense coaxial surface-coil probe, an improved method for coil-to-coil electromagnetic decoupling of coaxial surface coils

Abstract A probe design for improved coil-to-coil electromagnetic decoupling of coaxial surface transmitter and receiver coils in the presence of conductive sample loading is presented. The probe consists of large transmitter and small receiver surface coils. The receiver coil consists of two “antisense” loops with low mutual inductance located on both sides of the transmitter coil. Importantly, the axial position of the transmitter coil can be varied via a screw mechanism to achieve a state of near electromagnetic symmetry with the two antisense receiver loops even when one of said loops is unbalanced from its antisense partner by electromagnetic coupling to the sample under interrogation. The currents induced in the two antisense loops by the radiofrequency excitation pulse can be visualized intuitively as having equal strengths but being in antiphase, a concept referred to as “counter-rotating current” by Hyde and co-workers ( Magn. Reson. Med. 3 , 590, 1986). The actual current induced in the receiver coil by the transmitter is close to zero, indicative of good isolation between circuits. This arrangement, unlike other typical coil-to-coil decoupling techniques, does not require fractional wavelength coaxial transmission lines and/or crossed diodes. It readily achieves excellent isolation (⪖40 dB) between coaxial transmitter and receiver coils tuned to the same resonance frequency. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated herein by measurements of the transverse radiofrequency magnetic field, coil quality factor, and NMR experimental parameters. Results of experiments in vivo using this probe design are presented.
Photoregulated Release of Caged Anticancer Drugs from Gold Nanoparticles

An anticancer drug (5-fluorouracil) was conjugated to the surface of gold nanoparticles through a photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl linkage. In this system, the particle serves as both cage and carrier for the therapeutic, providing a nontoxic conjugate that effectively releases the payload upon long wavelength UV irradiation.
Identification of bluetongue virus type 17 genome segments coding for polypeptides associated with virus neutralization and intergroup reactivity

Abstract Double-stranded (ds) RNA was isolated from either partially purified bluetongue virus (BTV) type 17 or BTV-17 infected cells. The RNA was denatured with either methylmercury hydroxide or dimethyl sulfoxide and translated in a reticulocyte cell-free system. The translation products were found to be similar to BTV-17 specific polypeptides in infected cells when analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation with BTV-17 specific polyclonal mouse ascitic fluid. The 10 dsRNA BTV-17 genome segments were resolved by preparative gel electrophoresis and the coding assignment of each segment was determined by translation in a cell-free system. Immunoprecipitation of VP3 from infected cell lysates by a type-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody idenfied this polypeptide, which is coded for by genome segment 2, as being involved in virus neutralization. Immunoprecipitation of in vitro translation products directed by total BTV-17 RNA with a monoclonal antibody that reacts with all the serotypes of BTV and some other orbiviruses and precipitates VP7 directly demonstrated that gene segment 8 codes for this intergroup-specific polypeptide.
Physical and chemical properties of N-halohexamethyl-disilazanes

Abstract The three N-halohexamethyldisilazanes, (Me3Si)2NX where X = Cl, Br, I, have been prepared by the halogenation of N-sodiohexamethyldisilazane. Infrared, electronic and NMR spectra of the three compounds have been investigated and some chemical reactions of (Me3Si)2NBr have been studied. (Me3Si)2NBr acts as a positive halogen compound, reacting with BBr3 to form a novel boron compound, (Me3Si)2NBBr2; toward toluene and cyclohexene, it serves as a fairly good allylic brominating agent. Alkyllithium compounds undergo halogen-metal exchange with (Me3Si)2NBr at low temperatures, followed by reduction to hexamethyldisilazane or coupling to give N-alkylhexamethyldisilazane, the proportions depending on the nature of the alkyl group. Hydrolysis of (Me3Si)2NBr is also discussed.
Density and white light brightness in looplike coronal mass ejections: Temporal evolution

Three ambient coronal models suitable for studies of time-dependent phenomena were used to investigate the propagation of coronal mass ejections initiated in each atmosphere by an identical energy source. These models included those of a static corona with a dipole magnetic field, developed by Dryer et al. (1979); a steady polytropic corona with an equatorial coronal streamer, developed by Steinolfson et al. (1982); and Steinolfson's (1988) model of heated corona with an equatorial coronal streamer. The results indicated that the first model does not adequately represent the general characteristics of observed looplike mass ejections, and the second model simulated only some of the observed features. Only the third model, which included a heating term and a streamer, was found to yield accurate simulation of the mess ejection observations.
Electrochemistry-assisted top-down characterization of disulfide-containing proteins.

Covalent disulfide bond linkage in a protein represents an important challenge for mass spectrometry (MS)-based top-down protein structure analysis as it reduces the backbone cleavage efficiency for MS/MS dissociation. This study presents a strategy for solving this critical issue via integrating electrochemistry (EC) online with a top-down MS approach. In this approach, proteins undergo electrolytic reduction in an electrochemical cell to break disulfide bonds and then undergo online ionization into gaseous ions for analysis by electron-capture dissociation (ECD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID). The electrochemical reduction of proteins allows one to remove disulfide bond constraints and also leads to increased charge numbers of the resulting protein ions. As a result, sequence coverage was significantly enhanced, as exemplified by β-lactoglobulin A (24 vs 75 backbone cleavages before and after electrolytic reduction, respectively) and lysozyme (5 vs 66 backbone cleavages before and after electr...
The Texas rape scale

Abstract A rape scale was developed that can be used to assess male and female attitudes and reactions to rape. A series of subscales indexes sexual aggression, defense against rape, intensity of reactions toward rape, knowledge about the characteristics of rape, and personal circumtances. The scale is of potential value to investigators interested in more clearly defining sexual differences. The Texas Rape Scale (TRS) of 96 statements was administered to 261 males and 259 females to measure attitudes common to rape, sexual aggression, and defense against rape. Fifteen of the items relate to rape resistance and eleven to sexual aggression. Fifteen additional items comprise a "rape knowledge scale," and sixteen items sample background variables. Ten of the ninety-six attitude statements measure intensity of reaction to rape. This subscale is called the Texas Rape Intensity Scale (TRIS) and was selected from a larger scale of 30 items independently judged for intensity on a nine-point scale by 57 males and 58 females. Five negative statements had a median intensity of 7.13 or greater, while the other five had a median intensity of 3.29 or less. These ten items were imbedded within the larger TRS. The Rape Resistance and Sexual Aggression scales had reliability coefficients of 0.42 and 0.56, respectively. Of the 96 items, 72 showed significant sex differences. Females scored higher on most items of the TRIS scale, and generally supported the rape resistance scale items. Males, on the other hand, favored the sexual aggression items. Individuals of both sexes scoring high on TRIS scored high on the Rape Resistance Scale, whereas those scoring low on TRIS scored high on the Sexual Aggression Scale. A factor analysis of the 96 items gave three factors: 1) a sexual aggression factor, 2) a rape rationalization factor, and 3) a punishment factor. Scores on the knowledge and background scales were not predictive of attitudes. When asked to respond to, "I would force a person of the opposite sex to have sex if there were 0% probability of being caught," 27% of the males responded other than "strongly disagree," whereas 6% of the females responded other than "strongly disagree." Agreement or disagreement with this statement interacts significantly with the TRIS, Rape Resistance, and Sexual Aggression Scales. The TRS shows versatility in defining sex differences and in relating attitudes to predispositions toward reactions of intensity to rape and to rape aggression and rape resistance statements.
YumiInt — A deep Web integration system for local search engines for Geo-referenced objects

We present YumiInt a deep Web integration system for local search engines for Geo-referenced objects. YumiInt consists of two systems: YumiDev and YumiMeta. YumiDev is an off-line integration system that builds the key components (e.g., query translation and entity resolution) of YumiMeta. YumiMeta is the Web application to which users post queries. It translates queries to multiple sources and gets back aggregated lists of results. We present the two systems in this paper.
Agenesis of the corpus callosum: symptoms consistent with developmental disability in two siblings

Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a congenital disorder that disrupts the development of neurological structures connecting the right and left hemispheres of the brain. In addition to neurological symptoms, many individuals with AgCC demonstrate marked deficits in social, communication, and adaptive skills. This paper presents two case studies of congenital AgCC in siblings with socioemotional and behavioral symptoms consistent with developmental disability, but with notably different symptom presentations and clinical needs. Conclusions from these cases suggest that unique symptom profiles of individuals with AgCC warrant careful consideration for referral to appropriate academic and habilitative services.
Irradiation-induced effects of proton irradiation on zirconium carbides with different stoichiometries

Abstract Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is being considered for utilization in deep burn TRISO fuel particles for high-temperature, gas-cooled reactors. Zirconium carbide has a cubic B1 type crystal structure along with a very high melting point (3420 °C), exceptional hardness and good thermal and electrical conductivities. Understanding the ZrC irradiation response is crucial for establishing ZrC as an alternative component in TRISO fuel. Until now, very few studies on irradiation effects on ZrC have been released and fundamental aspects of defect evolution and kinetics are not well understood although some atomistic simulations and phenomenological studies have been performed. This work was carried out to understand the damage evolution in float-zone refined ZrC with different stoichiometries. Proton irradiations at 800 °C up to doses of 3 dpa were performed on ZrC x (where x ranges from 0.9 to 1.2) to investigate the damage evolution. The irradiation-induced defects, such as density of dislocation loops, at different stoichiometries and doses which were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is presented and discussed.
Alpha power is influenced by performance errors

Error commission evokes changes in event-related potentials, autonomic nervous system activity, and behavior, presumably reflecting the operation of a cognitive control network. Here we test the hypothesis that errors lead to increased cortical arousal, measurable as changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha band power. Participants performed a Stroop task while EEG was recorded. Following correct responses, alpha power increased and then decreased in a quadratic pattern, implying transient mental disengagement during the intertrial interval. This trend was absent following errors, which elicited significantly less alpha power than correct trials. Moreover, post-error alpha power was a better predictor of individual differences in post-error slowing than the error-related negativity (ERN), whereas the ERN was a better predictor of post-error accuracy than alpha power. These findings imply that changes in cortical arousal play a unique role in modulating post-error behavior.
Insulin-like growth factor-I is related to glycemic control in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes.

To address the relationship of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to diabetes control, we determined IGF-I levels in 137 subjects age 17 yr and younger with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a population-based cohort study between 3 and 11 months after diagnosis (mean 4.9 months). Initial determinations of IGF-I, 24-h urine C-peptide and microalbuminuria, age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, pubertal stage, and glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) were obtained. IGF-I levels ranged from 11-439 ng/mL, were strongly related to age (r = 0.74, P or = 10 yr of age; P = 0.50), and it did not change between prepubertal and pubertal subjects (P = 0.95). IGF-I was not related to 24-h urine C-peptide or microalbuminuria. These results suggest that lower IGF-I levels are related to poorer metabolic control of diabetes in the period following insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosis in all young persons regardless of age or pubertal status.
Crystallization of CaTiO3 by sol–gel synthesis and rapid thermal processing

Abstract In a number of studies, the formation of perovskite CaTiO 3 (CTO) phase was observed at the interface layer when depositing hydroxyapatite coatings onto biomedical titanium alloys. Recently, CTO itself has been proposed as a suitable candidate for biocompatible coatings for medical implants, particularly Ti implants. We report on polycrystalline CaTiO 3 coatings prepared on silicon and titanium using a sol–gel technique followed by rapid thermal processing (RTP). The structure, composition, and surface morphology of CTO coatings RTP crystallized in the range of 500–800 °C for 30–180 s were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and non-contact optical profilometry. Crystallization of single-phase CTO coatings on titanium is observed starting at 500 °C, while on Si, the coating remains amorphous at 550 °C, and an intermediate CaCO 3 phase is observed at up to 650 °C.
A finite element analysis of strengthening effects of plate-like particles in a metal matrix

A 2-dimensional finite-element analysis using ANSYS - software package is performed to illustrate the inhomogeneous stress and strain distribution in a ductile matrix containing hard plate-shaped particles under compressive loading. The typical data of aluminum containing θ phase are used for the example. The increments in loading stress due to the particles are calculated. The spatial distribution, orientation and orientation distributions of the plate-shaped particles are found to bear significant influences on the strengthening effects.
Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumors, Not Otherwise Specified: A Case Report and Literature Review

Steroid cell tumors, not otherwise specified, are rare ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors with malignant potential. The majority of these tumors produce steroids with testosterone being the most common. A case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with sudden onset of virilization and a pelvic mass is reported. Various aspects of the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of these tumors are discussed.
A drug abuse prevention program aimed at teaching seventh grade students problem-solving strategies

The present study involved an eight week drug-abuse prevention program for seventh grade students from an all Black inner-city elementary school. Those provided the program showed greater drug knowledge and better problem-solving skills in drug related situations over time than the controls. The present study suggests that the combination of information, decision-making and problem-solving strategies is a promising approach in the prevention of substance abuse among children.
Cultural aspects of psychiatric clinic utilization a cross-cultural study in Hawaii.

Data was obtained by ethnic status from 411 outpatients at a psychiatric clinic in Honolulu, Hawaii, and were then analyzed according to demographic variables, welfare status, source of referral, primary compliants or symptoms, diagnosis, and duration of treatment received. Clinic utilization was highly related to ethnicity, with Caucasians highly over-represented in proportion to the population, and other groups, especially Japanese, being greatly under-represented. The Caucasians were more likely to be self-referred, to have subjective symptoms of anxiety and depres sion" and to receive a neurotic diagnosis. The Japanese, and to some extent all other groups, were more often referred after a crisis or severe mental illness, displayed more socially disruptive symptoms, and had a higher percentage of schizophrenic diagnoses. Ethnicity was thus highly related to utilization of mental health services; however, once entry into the system was made, review of therapist case loads and analysis of duration of tre...
Prey odor discrimination by ingestively naive coachwhip snakes(Masticophis flagellum)

Ingestively naive hatchling coachwhip snakes(Masticophis flagellum) detected integumentary chemicals from several potential prey species and discriminated them from chemical stimuli from other animals and from distilled water, strongly suggesting a genetic basis for these abilities. The strongest responses were to lizard and snake stimuli, which form a major part of the diet. Variable responses to chemical cues from other taxa are discussed. Responses by coachwhip snakes to prey chemicals appear to be highly specific, as suggested by the stronger reaction to vomodors of sympatric than of allopatric lizard species. The highly developed use of chemical cues by the diurnal, visually oriented coachwhip snake emphasizes the general importance of chemical senses to predation by nonvenomous snakes, regardless of the involvement of vision.
Regulation of tubulin polypeptides and microtubule function: Luv1p [correction of Rki1p] interacts with the beta-tubulin binding protein Rbl2p.

Genetic analysis of microtubule functions in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggests that cells manage the levels and activities of the tubulin polypeptides. These reactions may be involved in protein folding, formation of the heterodimer, and maintenance of the appropriate balance between α- and β-tubulin. One protein involved in these functions is Rbl2p, which forms a complex with β-tubulin. Here we describe the identification of a novel yeast gene, RKI1, that interacts genetically with RBL2. Deletion of rki1 causes conditional defects in microtubule assembly and cell growth. Rki1p can be isolated in a complex containing Rbl2p. The results support the existence of cellular mechanisms for regulating microtubule function through the tubulin polypeptides.
A training technique for improving the parent-child interaction skills of an abusive-neglectful mother.

Abstract Several recent investigations have shown that abusive and neglectful parents exhibit deficits in skills for interacting with their children. In the current study, an inattentive and neglectful parent was taught to provide positive verbal and physical attention towards her 4-year-old child. Training was accomplished using a “bug-in-the-ear” microphone device while the parent interacted with her child in a clinic playroom. After use of the device was discontinued, the parent continued to use the newly trained skills at rates higher than during baseline. Four month follow-up and at home observations were suggestive of skill maintenance. Training of this kind may prove useful for parents who lack skills for effective interaction with their children.
A Quality-Centric TCP-Friendly Congestion Control for Multimedia Transmission

In this paper, we propose a quality-centric congestion control for multimedia streaming over wired IP networks, which we refer to as media-TCP-friendly congestion control (MTCC). Our solution adapts the sending rate to both the network condition and the application characteristics by explicitly considering the distortion impacts, delay deadlines, and interdependencies of different video packet classes. The media-aware solution is able to provide differential services for transmitting various packet classes and thereby, further improves the multimedia streaming quality compared to the conventional network-aware congestion control. We use finite-horizon Markov decision process (FHMDP) to determine the optimal congestion control policy that maximizes the long-term multimedia quality, while adhering to the horizon-K TCP-friendliness constraint, which ensures long-term fairness with existing TCP applications. Moreover, the proposed MTCC is able to achieve quality-based fairness among multimedia users. We derive sufficient conditions for multiple multimedia users to achieve quality-based fairness using MTCC congestion control. Note that the proposed solution only modifies the adaptation mechanism of the TCP congestion window size at the sender, without changing the design at the receiver side (i.e., each current TCP receiver can correctly receive and process MTCC streams). Our simulation results show that MTCC achieves more than 3 dB improvement in terms of PSNR over the conventional TCP congestion control approaches, with the largest improvements observed for real-time streaming applications requiring stringent playback delays.
Computer assisted semen analysis not superior to routine analysis in distinguishing fertile from subfertile men

The ability of the semen analysis either by routine methods (RSA) or computer-assisted means (CSA) to predict male infertility was evaluated by determining the pregnancy rates during an 8-month span in a large group of infertile couples where a female fertility factor was identified and presumably corrected. The males were untreated. Not only was CSA less effective than RSA in predicting a male infertility factor, but also neither CSA or RSA seemed capable of identifying infertility unless severely abnormal. It would appear that there is definite need to find more accurate methods of evaluating the spermiogram.
Development of an i-line attenuated phase shift process for dual inlay interconnect lithography

The transition from aluminum/oxide to copper/low-k dielectric interconnect technology involves a variety of fundamental changes in the back-end manufacturing process. The most attractive patterning strategy involves the use of a so-called dual inlay approach, which offers lower fabrication costs by the elimination of one inter-level dielectric (ILD) deposition and polish sequence per metal layer. In this paper, the lithographic challenges for dual inlay, including thin-film interference effect, resist bulk effect, and optical proximity effects are reviewed. The use of attenuated phase shift (aPSM) reticles for patterning vias and trenches was investigated, and shown to provide adequate process margin by optimizing the photoresist and exposure tool parameters. Our results indicate that using appropriately sized attenuated phase shift technique increases the photospeed considerably and simultaneously improves the common process window with sufficient sidelobe suppression margin. The cost of ownership tradeoffs between an attenuated PSM I-Line process and a DUV binary process are discussed.
Position-determining scintillator

Abstract Pulse-height measurements of the signals of two or more photomultiplier tubes looking at a thin scintillator system can be used to determine the position of the light-producing region. Calculations for a system of photomultiplier tubes directly coupled to a scintillator are presented. Locations of tracks of heavily ionizing particles are calculated to be accurate to within ⪅ 1 cm over an area of ≈ 1 m2 for reasonably shaped systems.
Discussion of “The relation of geology to dry weather stream flow in Ohio”

The concepts presented in this paper are of great value to the ground-water hydrologist. They indicate one way to analyze and conveniently use the vast accumulation of stream-flow records collected by governmental agencies as a tool for geophysical reconnaisance. To be usable as a method of geophysical prospecting for ground water, stream-flow records must first be transformed into flow-duration curves. Then, by means of the 90 per cent index, chosen by Cross, or other, more suitable indices, the ground-water storage characteristics of the surficial deposits of drainage basins can readily be determined. Where there is good indication of extensive groundwater storage, it is probable that large supplies of ground water can be developed for use.
Analysis of in vivo and in vitro ESR spectra of 2H-flavin, an intrinsic spin label of flavoproteins☆

Abstract ESR experiments with fully deuterated flavoprotein have made possible the first determination of g -tensors and coupling constants for the radical form of this protein. Rotational diffusion correlation times for several in vitro and in vivo flavoprotein systems have been calculated and the utility of the saturation behavior of 2 H-flavin radicals is demonstrated.
Estimating bicycling demand

Simple and reliable tools for estimating and predicting the amount of bicycling in an area would be useful for a variety of investment and policy decisions. Previous efforts to develop such tools have typically tried to develop demand estimates from basic descriptors of the population, land use, and bicycling facilities of an area. This paper takes an alternative approach by using the idea of deriving estimates of the likely range of total bicycling demand in an area on the basis of census commute-to-work data. The paper makes three contributions. The first is a general discussion of the total amount of bicycling in the United States and how it varies across places, on the basis of a number of surveys and some original data analysis. The second is the development of an argument that predictive models based on land use and transportation factors are unlikely to ever be accurate or useful because of a number of intractable problems. Third, a simple model is developed for estimation of a range of current levels of bicycling in a given geographic area with reasonable and known accuracy and by use of easily available data. While this model stops short of predicting bicycling levels or demand on specific facilities, it is an important first step in reaching these objectives. There is such a high degree of local variation in bicycling rates in the United States that attempts to predict bicycling levels directly without accounting for current levels are unlikely to be consistently successful.
Asymmetrical Ising model

A model is introduced, which shows a discontinuous or first-order phase transition in temperature coordinate. As temperature increases, its long-range order undergoes a discontinuity at the condensation point, but contrary to the conventional assumption it does not vanish after the phase change. The long-range order remains nonzero at all finite temperatures and vanishes only at infinite temperature.
“Rights” and “Fruit of Knowledge”

Adam Possner, General Internal Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC. Submitted July 11, 2013; accepted July 11, 2013; published online ahead of print at www.jco.org on September 9, 2013. Corresponding author: Adam Possner, MD, Assistant Professor, General Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty Associates, George Washington University, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 5-416 North, Washington, DC 20037; e-mail: apossner@mfa.gwu.edu. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY A R T O F O N C O L O G Y VOLUME 31 NUMBER 30 OCTOBER 2
Conversion of Methyl Oleate to Branched-Chain Derivatives

Studies were conducted in the synthetic conversion of oleic acid to mid-chain branched fatty acids. Methyl oleate was brominated in the allylic positions. Reaction of the allylic bromides with lithium dimethylcuprate gave primarily the desired branched-chain derivatives (93% of product mixture). The product had a significantly lower crystallization temperature in comparison with methyl oleate. Reaction of the allylic bromides with lithium di-n-butylcuprate or lithium di-sec-butylcuprate also gave branched-chain derivatives, but in this instance there was the complication of attack on the ester functionality in the fashion of a Grignard reagent. Details of the syntheses and the properties of the products (with emphasis on low-temperature properties) are discussed.
Adaptive observers with projection operator and L 1 adaptive controllers for infinite dimensional systems

Adaptive observers with projection operator based parameter update laws are considered for a class of linear infinite dimensional systems with bounded input operator and full state measurement under constant and time-varying matched uncertainties. The L 1 adaptive control architecture, introduced recently for finite dimensional plants to provide guaranteed transient performance via fast adaptation, is then extended to this class. Existence and uniqueness of solution to the closed loop system and asymptotic decay of the observation error are established. Under certain assumptions on the transfer function and on the solution to the Lyapunov inequality, the L 1 architecture is analyzed and uniform bounds on the state and control signal are established. Two examples, a heat equation and a wave equation, satisfying the assumptions are presented.
How stable are people's preferences for giving priority to severely ill patients?

Abstract Background : Previous studies have suggested that people favor allocating resources to severely ill patients even when they benefit less from treatment than do less severely ill patients. This study explores the stability of people’s preferences for treating severely ill patients. Methods : This study surveyed prospective jurors in Philadelphia and asked them to decide how they would allocate scarce health care resources between a severely ill group of patients who would improve a little with treatment and moderately ill patients who would improve considerably with treatment. Subjects were randomized to receive one of six questionnaire versions, which altered the wording of the scenarios and altered whether subjects were given an explicit option of dividing resources evenly between the two groups of patients. Results : Four hundred and seventy nine subjects completed surveys. The preference subjects placed on allocating resources to severely ill patients depended on relatively minor wording changes in the scenarios. In addition, when given the explicit option of dividing resources evenly between the two groups of patients, the majority of subjects chose to do so. Conclusion : People’s preferences for allocating resources to severely ill patients can be significantly decreased by subtle wording changes in scenarios. However, this study adds to evidence suggesting that many people place priority on allocating resources to severely ill patients, even when they would benefit less from treatment than others.
New Hydrogen Distribution in a-Si:H: An NMR Study.

Hot-filament-assisted CVD deposited {ital a}-Si:H with low H concentration and low defect density has been examined by {sup 1}H NMR. It is demonstrated for the first time that H microstructures can be altered significantly in device quality {ital a}-Si:H films. In the present films, large H clusters account for 90{percent} of the 2{endash}3 at.{percent} H atoms, with the remaining H more dispersed, but still aggregated in a small volume fraction of the material. These results suggest that an ideal {ital a}-Si:H network with low defect density and high structural stability may not necessarily be homogeneous. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
HPLC analysis of sodium 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide in aqueous metalworking fluids via derivatization with NBD-C1

Abstract A method is described for the analysis of the fungicide, 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide, in aqueous metalworking fluids. Derivatization is extremely rapid with NBD-C1 using minimal sample preparation. HPLC analysis is complete within a 10 minute run and has shown to have minimal interferences at 425 nm in the absorbance mode.
INTERPRETATION OF THE BERKELEY ANOMALY IN HIGH-ENERGY p-d COLLISIONS

An explanation of the peak in the momentum spectrum of the final nucleus (He/sup 3/ or T) observed in Berkeley experiments on double-pion production in p- d collisions at a momentum corresponding to a total energy of approximately 310 Mev of the two pions is offered in which the statistical method is generalized to allow for p-wave scattering between the finalstate pions. The scattering length is chosen to give a production cross section maximum at about 300-Mev two-pion energy and found to be approximately 2.5 pion Compton wavelengths. It is concluded that it is not necessary to postulate a resonance to explain the Berkeley bumps. The possibility of a two-meson bound state is discussed. (D.L.C.)
Why does the US want to adopt the IFRS

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implications of an adoption of IFRS in the USA on companies’ earnings and on stock prices. This paper reviews literature on previous accounting changes in the USA and their impacts on stock price, 20-F reconciliations that show higher income under IFRS than US GAAP, as well as a recent study conducted in Europe after its adoption of IFRS. The review of literature indicates that the effect of IFRS adoption in the US market could be negligible and would be firm’s specific. While IFRS adoption could decrease the stock prices of some companies (e.g., those switching from LIFO to another acceptable inventory valuation method), it would increase the stock prices of some other companies (e.g., those that will experience a decline in the cost of equity). This paper also attempts to answer the question why SEC is pursuing a change to IFRS from US GAAP if IFRS adoption could have negligible impact on capital market. The study concludes that the adoption of IFRS in the...
Analysis of thoracoscopy in trauma

Background: The role of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in trauma has yet to be established. Up to the time of this writing, reviews of thoracoscopy in trauma have been primarily descriptive rather than analytic. This article analyzes the results of thoracoscopy (nonvideo and VATS) in trauma.