cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Induction Communications for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks

The main difference between the wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) and the terrestrial wireless sensor networks is the signal propagation medium. The underground is a challenging environment for wireless communications since the propagation medium is no longer air but soil, rock and water. The well established wireless signal propagation techniques using electromagnetic (EM) waves do not work well in this environment due to three problems: high path loss, dynamic channel condition and large antenna size. New techniques using magnetic induction (MI) create constant channel condition and can accomplish the communication with small size coils. In this paper, detailed analysis on the path loss and the bandwidth of the MI system in underground soil medium is provided. Based on the channel analysis, the MI waveguide technique for communication is developed in order to reduce the high path loss of the traditional EM wave system and the ordinary MI system. The performance of the EM wave system, the ordinary MI system and our improved MI waveguide system are quantitatively compared. The results reveal that the transmission range of the MI waveguide system is dramatically increased.
Applying Heuristic Evaluation to Human-Robot Interaction Systems

Though attention to evaluating human-robot interfaces has increased in recent years, there are relatively few reports of using evaluation tools during the development of human-robot interaction (HRI) systems to gauge and improve their designs— possibly due to a shortage of suitable evaluation techniques. Heuristic evaluation is a technique suitable for such applications that has become popular in the human-computer interaction (HCI) community. However, it requires usability heuristics applicable to the system environment. This work contributes a set of heuristics appropriate for use with HRI systems, derived from a variety of sources both in and out of the HRI field. Evaluators have successfully used the heuristics on an HRI system, demonstrating their effectiveness against standard measures of heuristic effectiveness.
Metal-Transfer-Micromolding of Air-Lifted RF Components

This paper reports a metal-transfer-micromolding (MTM) technique for simultaneous implementation of metallized high aspect ratio molded polymer RF passive components, as well as coplanar waveguide feeding structures, in a high performance and potentially cost-effective fashion. Applications of the MTM technique in air-lifted RF components such as Ka-band monopole antennas and evanescent mode cavity resonators have been demonstrated. A 21.5% 10 dB bandwidth for the monopole antenna, and an unloaded Q exceeding 500 for the resonators, are achieved from micromolded organic materials.
Automated document analysis system

A software application has been developed to aid law enforcement and government intelligence gathering organizations in the translation and analysis of foreign language documents with potential intelligence content. The Automated Document Analysis System (ADAS) provides the capability to search (data or text mine) documents in English and the most commonly encountered foreign languages, including Arabic. Hardcopy documents are scanned by a high-speed scanner and are optical character recognized (OCR). Documents obtained in an electronic format bypass the OCR and are copied directly to a working directory. For translation and analysis, the script and the language of the documents are first determined. If the document is not in English, the document is machine translated to English. The documents are searched for keywords and key features in either the native language or translated English. The user can quickly review the document to determine if it has any intelligence content and whether detailed, verbatim human translation is required. The documents and document content are cataloged for potential future analysis. The system allows non-linguists to evaluate foreign language documents and allows for the quick analysis of a large quantity of documents. All document processing can be performed manually or automatically on a single document or a batch of documents.© (2002) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
A Molecular Study of the Simple Thalloid Liverwort Jensenia (Marchantiophyta, Pallaviciniaceae)

Abstract Five chloroplast coding and non-coding regions, one mitochondrial gene and its associated intron, and part of one nuclear ribosomal gene were sequenced, giving a total included aligned length of 7,845 bp. Samples from six collections, representing five species of Jensenia from South America, Malaysia, and New Zealand, four collections belonging to three species of Pallavicinia and one collection of Podomitrium phyllanthus comprised the ingroup, which was rooted on Symphyogyna marginata. Phylogenetic analysis under the maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood criteria support Jensenia as monophyletic. Within Jensenia, two monophyletic clades are resolved, one comprising the four Latin American collections and the other, the Malayasian and New Zealand species; however, this is based on only 16 parsimony informative characters. The lack of informative characters within Jensenia suggests that the divergence among taxa is relatively recent, rather than Gondwanan, as has been hypothesized based on geog...
The study of global stability of a diffusive Holling–Tanner predator–prey model

Abstract In this paper we study the global stability of diffusive predator–prey system of Holling–Tanner type in a bounded domain Ω ⊂ R N with no-flux boundary condition. By using a novel approach, we establish much improved global asymptotic stability of the unique positive equilibrium solution than works in literature. We also show the result can be extended to more general type of systems with heterogeneous environment.
Impact on seizure control of surgical resection or radiosurgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Background Seizures are a common presenting symptom of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, the impact of treatment modality on seizure control remains unclear. Objective To compare seizure control after surgical resection or radiosurgery for AVMs. Methods We analyzed retrospectively collected information for 378 patients with cerebral AVMs treated at our institution from 1990 to 2010. The application of strict inclusion criteria resulted in a study population of 164 patients. Results In our cohort, 31 patients (20.7%) had Spetzler-Martin grade I AVMs, 51 (34.0%) grade II, 47 (31.3%) grade III, 20 (13.3%) grade IV, and 1 (0.7%) grade V. Of the 49 patients (30%) presenting with seizures, 60.4% experienced seizure persistence after treatment. For these patients, radiosurgery was associated with seizure recurrence (odds ratio: 4.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.24-15.02, P = .021). AVM obliteration was predictive of seizure freedom at last follow-up (P = .002). In contrast, for patients presenting without seizures, 18.4% experienced de novo seizures after treatment, for which surgical resection was identified as an independent risk factor (hazard ratio: 8.65, 95% confidence interval: 3.05-24.5, P Conclusion Although our data suggest that achieving seizure freedom should not be the primary goal of AVM treatment, surgical resection may result in improved seizure control compared with radiosurgery for patients who present with seizures. Conversely, in patients without presenting seizures, surgical resection increases the risk of new-onset seizures compared with radiosurgery, but primarily within the early posttreatment period. Surgical resection and radiosurgery result in divergent seizure control rates depending on seizure presentation.
Media Competition Implementation for the Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Study (MA-CORD): Adoption and Reach

The Massachusetts Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Study (MA-CORD) was a multi-level, multi-sector community intervention with a media competition component to provide an overarching synergy and promote awareness of target behaviors to reduce childhood obesity. Students participating in the media competition were tasked with developing videos, song/rap lyrics, and artwork that reflected the goals. The aim of this study is to document the process used to develop and implement the media competition along with its reach and adoption. An adapted version of Neta and colleagues’ 2015 framework on dissemination and implementation was used to summarize the process by which the media competition was developed and implemented. Adoption was defined by whether eligible schools or afterschool programs decided to implement the media competition. Reach was defined by student participation rates within schools/programs and the number of votes cast for the finalists on the coalition website and students’ paper ballots. A total of 595 students participated in the media competition from 18 school and afterschool programs in two communities. Adoption of the media competitions ranged from 22% to 100% in programs and reach ranged from 3% to 33% of the student population. The documentation of the implementation should contribute to the replication of the media competition.
A New Count of Allantoic Cells of the 10-Day Chick Embryo

Summary1. The mean number of allantoic cells per square centimeter of the allantoic membrane in 10-day embryonated chicken eggs has been estimated by direct counting with the phase contrast microscope. 2. In the chronic (CA) portion of the allantoic membrane there were 1.66 × 105, and in the amnion-yolk sac (AYA) portion 3.00 × 105 allantoic cells per cm2. 3. The total area of the allantoic membrane was measured directly. The area of the CA portion was 57.9 cm2, that of the AYA portion was 29.1 cm2, and that of the entire membrane was 87.0 cm2. 4. The number of cells lining the allantoic cavity of the 10-day chick embryo was estimated to be 1.8 × 107.
Evaluation of uncertainty about indication error of AC sampling apparatus

This paper realizes the compare test of the class 0.2 AC sampling apparatus with class 0.05 apparatus,introduces the evaluation method of the uncertainty and the steps of evaluating,finally the evaluation result was given out.
Relationship between c-MET and COX-2 expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and its significance

Objective To study the relationship between c-MET and COX-2 expressed in hepatocelluar carcinoma as well as its significance.Methods Twenty eight cases hepatocelluar carcinoma were identified by pathology from January to December in 2006,Mean optical density of hepatocelluar carcinoma tissue slides stained by immunohistochmemical method was detected with professional photo analysis system(named SimplePCI6,made in USA).Results Mean optical density of c-MET and COX-2 in hepatocellular carcinaoma with hepatic cirrhosis is higher than without liver cirrhosis,and in hepatocellular carcinoma more than 5 cm higher than the ones of less than 5 cm.;c-MET and COX-2 was positively correlated.Conclusion c-MET and COX-2 may highly correlated in hepatocellular carcinoma,especially in angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.It is concluded that COX-2 may be downstream factor of c-MET.HGF-c-MET-COX-2-VEGF may be a potential pathway,which plays a great role in angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinaoma.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of the testis, epididymis, and spermatic cord of the stallion.

A technique for ultrasonographic evaluation of the testicle, epididymis, and spermatic cord of the stallion is presented. The relationship between normal ultrasonographic appearance and relevant physiologic features of these structures are discussed and demonstrated. The ultrasonographic appearance of pathologic conditions of the scrotum, testes, epididymides, and spermatic cord is described.
Criteria of Effectiveness

What should be considered the standard or criterion of a successful preventive HIV vaccine? Or to phrase the question a bit differently, what exactly is it that we want a vaccine to accomplish? The simple answer is that what we want from a vaccine is for it to protect us from contracting a certain disease. But how exactly do we want it to protect us from that disease, and how will we determine whether it has accomplished that? What criteria will we use to determine whether we have a successful vaccine or not? Four possible criteria have been considered:
The Rule of Three for Prizes in Science and the Bold Triptychs of Francis Bacon

For many scientific awards, such as Nobels and Laskers, the maximum number of recipients is three. This Rule of Three forces selection committees to make difficult decisions that increase the likelihood of singling out those individuals who open a new field and continue to lead it. The Rule of Three is reminiscent of art's three-panel triptych, a form that the modern master Francis Bacon used to distill complex stories in a bold way.
Decision-making for destination therapy left ventricular assist devices: implications for caregivers.

Background—Destination therapy left ventricular assist devices (DT LVADs) are one of the most invasive medical interventions for end-stage illness. How patients decide whether or not to proceed with device implantation is unknown. We aimed to understand the decision-making processes of patients who either accept or decline DT LVADs. Methods and Results—Between October 2012 and September 2013, we conducted semistructured, in-depth interviews to understand patients’ decision-making experiences. Data were analyzed using a mixed inductive and deductive approach. Twenty-two eligible patients were interviewed, 15 with DT LVADs and 7 who declined. We found a strong dichotomy between decision processes with some patients (11 accepters) being automatic and others (3 accepters, 7 decliners) being reflective in their approach to decision making. The automatic group was characterized by a fear of dying and an over-riding desire to live as long as possible: “[LVAD] was the only option I had…that or push up daisies…so ...
Achievable Strength-Based Signal Detection in Quantity-Constrained PAM OOK Concentration-Encoded Molecular Communication

In this paper, the expressions of achievable strength-based detection probabilities of concentration-encoded molecular communication (CEMC) system have been derived based on finite pulsewidth (FP) pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) on-off keying (OOK) modulation scheme and strength threshold. An FP-PAM system is characterized by its duty cycle $\alpha $ that indicates the fraction of the entire symbol duration the transmitter remains on and transmits the signal. Results show that the detection performance of an FP-PAM OOK CEMC system significantly depends on the statistical distribution parameters of diffusion-based propagation noise and intersymbol interference (ISI). Analytical detection performance of an FP-PAM OOK CEMC system under ISI scenario has been explained and compared based on receiver operating characteristics (ROC) for impulse (i.e., spike)-modulated (IM) and FP-PAM CEMC schemes. It is shown that the effects of diffusion noise and ISI on ROC can be explained separately based on their communication range-dependent statistics. With full duty cycle, an FP-PAM scheme provides significantly worse performance than an IM scheme. The paper also analyzes the performance of the system when duty cycle, transmission data rate, and quantity of molecules vary.
Deconstructing underlying practices of short-term study abroad: Exploring issues of consumerism, postcolonialism, cultural tourism, and commodification of experience

Short-term study abroad experiences are thought to provide students with opportunities to develop the skills needed to participate in an increasingly global world. However, what is often ignored are the ways short-term programs promote consumerism, postcolonialism, cultural tourism, and commodification of experiences. The authors will trouble the celebratory discourse of short-term study abroad and provide suggestions on how to promote more socially just short-term study abroad practices.
Collective discovery of brain networks with unknown groups

Brain network discovery has attracted much attention in recent years, which aims at inferring a set of cohesive regions (i.e., the network nodes) and the connectivity between these regions (i.e., the network edges) in brain from neuroimaging data (e.g., fMRI, PET scans). Previous methods on brain network discovery mainly focus on either estimating the connectivity based on predefined brain regions, or inferring the brain regions and connectivity independently. However, the tasks of discovering brain regions and their connectivity are highly related to each other and should be discovered collectively, instead of independently. In this work, we propose a coherent data-driven method called SGGL (Spectral Group Graphical Lasso) to derive the nodes and edges of a brain network simultaneously. We propose a screening strategy to reduce the time cost of solving the corresponding optimization problem. Extensive experiments are performed on both synthetic data and real data from ADHD-200 project. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
MEASURES OF LIMB SYMMETRY USED FOR INJURY RISK IDENTIFICATION: WHAT IS NORMAL?

Background Limb asymmetries have been identified as a significant predictor of injury risk. However, the natural boundaries of variation in a non-injured population using clinically relevant and reliable measures has not been determined. Objective To assess clinical measures of limb symmetry and determine the natural boundaries of symmetry present in a non-injured population. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Controlled laboratory research. Participants 39 non-injured participants, 12 male, 27 female (23.2±2.9 years, 170.2±9.1 cm, 68.4±15.6 kg). Assessment of Risk Factors Knee PROM, effusion, endfeel, knee extension, flexion, and hip abduction strength, dynamic balance, single leg hop, and IKDC Subjective rating were measured. Main Outcome Measurements In measures demonstrating excellent reliability (ICC≥0.75, Kappa≥0.81), limb symmetry index (LSI) and variability scores were calculated. Results All clinical measures, except hip abduction strength, demonstrated excellent reliability. Knee extension PROM was 6.0±5.0°, flexion PROM was 154.0±5.0°. 100% of participants had normal knee extension endfeel, and no knee effusion. 95% had normal flexion endfeel. LSI scores for each measure ranged between 96.6–100.0%. Using minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for each measure, boundaries of limb symmetry were calculated for knee extension PROM (100±1.0°), knee flexion PROM (100±4°), knee extension strength (100±21.0%), knee flexion strength (100±24.0%), dynamic balance (100±6.0%), single leg hop (100±9.1%), and IKDC Subjective rating (100±3.3%). Conclusions Most measures of limb symmetry used in the study demonstrated appropriate reliability for clinical use. Although strength measures had high degrees of limb symmetry, there was significant variability present in non-injured participants. Conversely, high levels of limb symmetry with very little variation were observed in knee PROM, dynamic balance, single leg hop, and IKDC Subjective measures. Strength may not be the best measure of limb symmetry while PROM, dynamic balance, single leg hop, and the IKDC Subjective form appear to have more utility to identify limb asymmetries.
Variable Energy Ratio Method for Structural Design

Minimum weight design of trusses and frames by a method involving the maximization of the member energy ratios is treated. The energy ratio of a member is the ratio of the strain energy stored in a member when the structure is subjected to a particular load condition to that which could be stored in the member. A theorem which justifies the maximization of the energy ratios to minimize weight as well as heuristic algorithms to effect this maximization are presented. These algorithms have been tested using a number of truss and frame structures subjected to multiple static loads, simple harmonic dynamic loads, and considering stress, local buckling, and displacement constraints. The results indicate that the method is very effective in obtaining minimum weight designs of trusses and frames.
Child social and emotion functioning as predictors of therapeutic alliance in cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety.

OBJECTIVE This study examined baseline child social and emotional functioning as predictors of therapeutic alliance during a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) program for children with anxiety disorders. It was hypothesized that better social and emotional functioning at baseline would be related to stronger alliance initially and over the course of treatment. METHOD Ninety-two anxious youth, ages 7-11 years (M age = 8.93 years, SD = 1.64; 42% female) participated. Children, caregivers, and teachers completed measures of child social and emotional functioning. Therapeutic alliance was measured using therapist-rated and observer-coded reports. RESULTS Receiving prosocial support from peers and emotion regulation (ER) were both related to initial rating and slope of alliance. CONCLUSIONS Child social and emotional functioning enhances our understanding of how the alliance is formed and in identifying children who might be at risk for difficulties in developing a strong therapeutic relationship.
Output, Income and Employment Input-Output Multipliers

When evaluating a public program, it is often important to know what effect a proposed policy will have on the output, income, or employment of the economy. The policy analyst may be interested in the answers to questions such as: How much additional income will be generated by a given policy or program? How many jobs will be created? How much additional output will be produced? Which industries in the economy will be affected most? Multiplier analysis is a tool that can help answer such questions. The multiplier accounts not only for the effects of the spending outlined in the specific program, but also for the subsequent rounds of spending generated by the initial expenditures.
Factor V Turnover in a Primate Model

The isolation and characterization of baboon plasma factor V (FV) were performed for the development of an in vivo model for studying factor V/Va physiology in nonhuman primates. Baboon FV was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography with an antihuman FV monoclonal antibody and exhibits a specific activity of 1,940 U/mg. Baboon FV activation by thrombin proceeds through two proteolytic pathways similar to those observed with human and bovine FV. Limited amino acid sequencing of FV and its thrombin activation fragments shows 95% identity with human and 79% identity with bovine FV. 125I-Factor V and a mixture of thrombin cleaved 125I-FV activation products were infused into normal male baboons and evaluated by blood sample radioactivity measurements and by autoradiography of plasma samples following resolution by gel electrophoresis. Factor V disappeared with a half-life (t1/2) of 12.98 +/- 1.85 hours and was cleared without obvious degradation of the molecule during circulation. The radioactivity associated with the thrombin activated FV mixture, which consisted of the Mr = 220,000 activation intermediate, the Mr = 150,000 activation peptide, the heavy chain (HC) and the light chain (LC) of FVa, was cleared in a nonlinear manner. The HC and LC were removed with t1/2 6 hours and t1/2 > 30 hours, respectively.
Localization and folding in sheet metal structures.

ABSTRACT The process of localization of plastic deformation in shell-like structures is explained on the example of progressive crushing of box columns. It is shown that the geometry of the folding line depends primarily on the ratio of bending to membrane energies rather than on the material properties of the structures. The question of continuation of the folding zone into the undeformed part of the shell is addressed at some length. The dependence of the solution on the loading path and the problem of strain reversal is also discussed. The information gained on an individual folding line is then used to construct a simplified computational model of a partially crushed column, useful in the design of crashworthy automobile bodies and other energy absorbing devices.
Conformational Studies of Methyl Vinyl Silane from Temperature-Dependent FT–IR Spectra of Xenon and Krypton Solutions

Variable-temperature (−55 to −155°C) studies of the infrared spectra (3500–400 cm−1) of methyl vinyl silane, CH2CHSiH2CH3, dissolved in liquid xenon and krypton have been recorded. Utilizing three sets of conformer doublets due to the cis and gauche rotamers, the enthalpy difference has been determined to be 133 ± 11 cm−1 (1.59 ± 0.13 kJ/mol) with the gauche conformer the more stable form in the krypton solution. In the xenon solution, the enthalpy difference could not be determined because the infrared bands become so broad and the overlap was so extensive that meaningful areas could not be determined. Ab initio calculations have been carried out with several different basis sets up to MP2/6-311+G(2d,2p) from which structural parameters and conformational stabilities have been determined. With the largest basis set, the cis conformer is predicted to be the more stable conformer, which is inconsistent with the experimental results. Utilizing previously reported microwave rotational constants for both conformers along with the ab initio predicted distances and angles, r 0 parameters have been obtained for both the cis and gauche conformers. The spectroscopic and theoretical results are compared to the corresponding quantities for some similar molecules.
Use of gaming simulation by health care professionals.

Gaming-simulation is being developed for use in a variety of aspects of health care. A mental health diagnostic and therapeutic application is described for problems in parent-teenager relations; it features gaming, videotaping of interactions, and extensive discussion. Two applications which elucidate the nature of discord between couples and two applications for work-group problems are also described Gaming-simulation is used in basic and continuing education of health professionals for such issues as problems of dying patients and the aged, and prevention of coronary heart disease. Patients rights issues provide a potential focus for opening dialogues between patients and professionals about all facets of health and illness care.
A User Association and Energy Efficiency Analysis of D2D Communication under HetNets

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication bypassing the use of cell towers has been proposed in Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) for supporting Proximity Services. This technology could provide improvements in both energy efficiency (EE) and spectrum efficiency (SE). In this paper, we investigate the D2D communication under heterogeneous cellular network (i.e., HetNets) and analyze system EE. First, user association of HetNets-supported D2D communication is formulated based on maximizing received power to associate users with macro cell, small cell, or D2D communication. Second, we applied a resource allocation algorithm, namely Sequential Max Search (SMS), for users communicating via D2D link. SMS algorithm minimizes interference from D2D users to cellular users and maximizes overall network throughput. Finally, we evaluate overall EE of the proposed system. Numerical evaluation of the proposed model shows improvement in terms of overall throughput and EE. Achieved EE of the system was approximately 85% for the upper bound using brute force.
Moisés Poblete Troncoso y su aporte a la recopilación de la legislación laboral

espanolResumen: El presente articulo destaca el trabajo de recopilacion que hizo el abogado chileno Moises Poblete Troncoso de la legislacion laboral chilena y latinoamericana en el transcurso de los anos 1920 y 1950. Se presenta su trayectoria intelectual, su participacion en la Oficina del Trabajo como Director (1920-1925), asi como su recorrido internacional. En especial se destaca su paso por la Organizacion Internacional del Trabajo y su labor recopilatoria y de asistencia tecnica que cumplio entre 1927 y 1937. Finalmente, se ofrecen aspectos que destacan los aportes concretos en materia de legislacion laboral y de seguridad social. EnglishAbstract: This article highlights the compilation work of the Chilean and Latin American labor legislation done by the Chilean lawyer Moises Poblete Troncoso during the 1920s and 1950s. His intellectual career, his participation in the Labor Office as Director (1920 -1925), as well as his international activity. In particular, it stands out for its work in the International Labor Organization and his compilation work and technical assistance that he carried out between 1927 and 1937. Finally, aspects that highlight the concrete contributions in terms of labor legislation and social security are offered.
Ferrets as a Model for Higher-Level Visual Motion Processing.

Summary Ferrets are a major developmental animal model due to their early parturition. Here we show for the first time that ferrets could be used to study development of higher-level visual processes previously identified in primates. In primates, complex motion processing involves primary visual cortex (V1), which generates local motion signals, and higher-level visual area MT, which integrates these signals over more global spatial regions. Our data show similar transformations in motion signals between ferret V1 and higher-level visual area PSS, located in the posterior bank of the suprasylvian sulcus. We found that PSS neurons, like MT neurons, were tuned for stimulus motion and showed strong suppression between opposing direction inputs. Most strikingly, PSS, like MT, exhibited robust global motion signals when tested with coherent plaids—the classic test for motion integration across multiple moving elements. These PSS responses were described well by computational models developed for MT. Our findings establish the ferret as a strong animal model for development of higher-level visual processing.
Medical students' individual and social empathy: A follow-up study.

Background: The Social Empathy Index (SEI) measures self-reported empathy for individuals and for vulnerable groups. In a previous study, we published first-year medical students’ SEI scores before...
Genetic determinants of cellular addiction to DNA polymerase theta

Polymerase theta (Pol θ, gene name Polq) is a widely conserved DNA polymerase that mediates a microhomology-mediated, error-prone, double strand break (DSB) repair pathway, referred to as Theta Mediated End Joining (TMEJ). Cells with homologous recombination deficiency are reliant on TMEJ for DSB repair. It is unknown whether deficiencies in other components of the DNA damage response (DDR) also result in Pol θ addiction. Here we use a CRISPR genetic screen to uncover 140 Polq synthetic lethal (PolqSL) genes, the majority of which were previously unknown. Functional analyses indicate that Pol θ/TMEJ addiction is associated with increased levels of replication-associated DSBs, regardless of the initial source of damage. We further demonstrate that approximately 30% of TCGA breast cancers have genetic alterations in PolqSL genes and exhibit genomic scars of Pol θ/TMEJ hyperactivity, thereby substantially expanding the subset of human cancers for which Pol θ inhibition represents a promising therapeutic strategy.
Investigating active slip planes in tantalum under compressive load: crystal plasticity and slip trace analyses of single crystals

Abstract Active slip systems in body centered cubic (BCC) metals remain ambiguous and controversial. In this work, active slip planes in tantalum are investigated using single crystal experiments and simulations. Four tantalum single crystals with [001], [011], [ 1 ¯ 11 ] and [ 1 ¯ 49 ] orientations along the loading direction are analyzed after quasi-static compression tests and dynamic Taylor impact tests. Mechanical behavior, deformed shape, texture evolution and slip traces of single crystals are analyzed and compared with crystal plasticity finite element simulations to investigate active slip systems in tantalum. Both experimental observations and modeling results support dominant dislocation slip along {112} planes in tantalum under compressive load.
A meta-analysis of the effect of adapted physical activity service-learning programs on college student attitudes toward people with disabilities.

Aim: The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of service learning on changes in college student attitudes toward disability and identify potential factors to improve the quality of ser...
Chemical Mediation of Antarctic Macroalga-Grazer Interactions

Macroalgal forests along the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) support dense assemblages of small macroalgal-associated invertebrates, particularly amphipods but also others including gastropods. Most of the macroalgal species, including all the larger, ecologically dominant brown macroalgae, elaborate chemical defenses against herbivory to amphipods as well as fish and sea stars. Consequently, the vast majority of the macroalgal biomass in these forests is unpalatable to potential consumers. A great deal of progress has been made on understanding these relationships during the past decade. Although the macroalgae are seldom consumed by the associated invertebrates and fish, many of the invertebrates, particularly the amphipods, benefit from associating with the chemically defended macroalgae because omnivorous fish avoid feeding on them. The amphipods benefit their macroalgal hosts by greatly reducing biofouling by diatoms and other epiphytic algae. This chapter reviews progress in understanding the chemical defenses of Antarctic macroalgae. It also reviews the community-wide mutualistic interaction between macroalgae and its associated amphipods as well as recent studies examining the extent to which this mutualistic interaction also occurs with macroalgal-associated gastropods.
Left Ventricular Assist Device Caregiver Experiences and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Qualitative and Quantitative Studies.

Abstract Background Knowledge synthesis is lacking regarding outcomes and experiences of caregivers of adult patients living with continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVAD). The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize qualitative data related to the experience of caregivers of adult patients living with CF-LVAD as well as quantitative data related to health outcomes of caregivers. Methods and Results Multiple databases were systematically queried for studies of qualitative experiences and quantitative health outcomes for caregivers of adult CF-LVAD recipients. Search dates were constrained to articles published between 2004 and August of 2018 because CF-LVADs were not routinely implanted before 2004. Two authors independently screened 683 articles; 15 met predetermined inclusion criteria. Eligible articles reported results from 13 studies. Of those, 8 used either qualitative or mixed methods and 5 used quantitative methods. Caregivers were primarily female (81%) and their mean age was 59 years. Qualitative studies revealed 3 overarching themes related to the caregiver role, coping strategies, and LVAD decisions. Quantitative studies revealed caregiver strain peaked between 1 and 3 months after implantation, anxiety and depression were relatively stable, mental health status improved, and physical health status was stable from before to after implantation. Conclusions CF-LVAD caregivers experience significant, sustained emotional strain for 3 months after implantation, reporting considerable stress in meeting their personal needs and those of their loved one.
Description, Geometric Morphometrics, and Microwear of Five Clovis Fluted Projectile Points from Lucas and Wood Counties, Northwest Ohio, USA

In 2011, the University of Toledo, Ohio, transferred five Clovis fluted points to the Department of Archaeology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History for permanent curation. Here, following several similar previous efforts, we describe these five Late Pleistocene artifacts with technological descriptions, illustrations, morphometrics, and microwear. These specimens support long-distance lithic procurement (> 200 km) from central Ohio to NW Ohio, as well as the exploitation of the NW Ohio and southern Michigan landscape by Clovis Paleoindian foragers.
Pico’s Universe

Pico’s cosmology and metaphysics are primarily Christian Platonic but with attempted concordance at critical points with Aristotelianism and Kabbalism. Ficino’s universe provides a useful starting point and differences from Ficino are where Pico’s unique contribution is seen: his preference for Proclus within Platonism, and the complications arising from his project of concordance. Three examples of problems with concordance are analyzed: what is (or is not) God, what is the role of divine wisdom, and how can emanation and creation fit together. Pico’s God emerges as single but twofold: a God from apophatic or negative theology, and the active, creator from which emanation/creation occurs. Through these examples, the central problem with his project of concordance becomes clear. All three pillars share many similarities/are interconnected through shared histories. But bringing what is similar together brings what is different too. Pico’s concordance opens a space for critique or reexamination.
The Global Gandhi of the Muslim Vernacular Press: Mahatma as Monumental Peasant and the Prophetic Rose in the Urdu Pamphlets of an Early Twentieth-Century Delhi Sufi

The pamphlets of journalist, Urdu writer and Sufi leader Hasan Nizami (1873–1955) on Gandhi are strikingly similar to Gandhi’s own publishing and anti-colonial ‘experiments in slow reading’ (Hofmyer). This chapter makes the argument that Nizami’s long-overlooked cosmopolitan vision created an important alternative to nationalist versions of an emergent ‘Mahatma’. Nizami’s experimental press thus offered his Muslim and non-Muslim readership Islamicate frames for Gandhian nonviolence and continues to challenge us to rethink religion, print and the nation.
Mild hypothermia with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass and short-term outcomes in children with congenital heart defects

Background: Among the known risk factors for children undergoing surgery for congenital heart defect (CHD), temperature and blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), are two risk factors, which may be altered to improve outcomes. Moderate - to - deep hypothermia (MDH), traditionally used, has been associated with short/long-term neurologic sequelae, so there is a move towards mild hypothermia (MH) with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP). Aims and Objectives: To assess feasibility of mild hypothermia with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass as a cardiopulmonary bypass strategy in neonates and infants undergoing surgery for congenital heart defect. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of neonates and infants who underwent SACP on CPB during CHD surgery at our tertiary care children's hospital between January 2014 and February 2017. We categorized all the patients into 2 groups - MH + SACP or MDH + SACP. We gathered data on preoperative, intra-operative and post-operative parameters. We analyzed comparative data using student t-test and chi-squared test with a significant p-value Results: There were 6 in the MH + SACP group and 7 in the MDH + SACP group, who underwent SACP on CPB during study period at our children's hospital. All the neonates and infants in the MH + SACP group survived at the hospital discharge with favorable neurologic outcomes. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for end organ dysfunction, ventilator days, hospital days, ICU and hospital mortality and PCPC/POPC at hospital discharge. Conclusions: Mild hypothermia with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass is a feasible cardiopulmonary bypass strategy in neonates and infants undergoing surgery for congenital heart defect.
Fateful betrayal: how the reneging of an American commitment helped spark the 1967 War and shape the course of the Arab-Israeli conflict

In order to pressure Israel to withdraw from the lands it took following the 1956 Suez War, the United States made two key commitments. It promised Israel it would open the Straits of Tiran if Egyp...
Reconceptualizing Civilian Status to Protect Child Soldiers from Secondary Crimes

Children who are unlawfully conscripted into an armed force are often the victims of secondary crimes such as rape, murder, torture, and inhumane treatment. The current interpretation and application of civilian status under international humanitarian law operates to strip these child soldiers of many protections they would otherwise have as civilians were they not combatants. This article argues for a reconceptualization of civilian status that treats the child soldier as a combatant vis-a-vis opposing forces but treats the child as a civilian vis-a-vis the armed force that unlawfully conscripted the child.
ssvQC: an integrated CUT&RUN quality control workflow for histone modifications and transcription factors.

Among the different methods to profile the genome-wide patterns of transcription factor binding and histone modifications in cells and tissues, CUT&RUN has emerged as a more efficient approach that allows for a higher signal-to-noise ratio using fewer number of cells compared to ChIP-seq. The results from CUT&RUN and other related sequence enrichment assays requires comprehensive quality control (QC) and comparative analysis of data quality across replicates. While several computational tools currently exist for read mapping and analysis, a systematic reporting of data quality is lacking. Our aims were to (1) compare methods for using frozen versus fresh cells for CUT&RUN and (2) to develop an easy-to-use pipeline for assessing data quality. We compared a workflow for CUT&RUN with fresh and frozen samples, and present an R package called ssvQC for quality control and comparison of data quality derived from CUT&RUN and other enrichment-based sequence data. Using ssvQC, we evaluate results from different CUT&RUN protocols for transcription factors and histone modifications from fresh and frozen tissue samples. Overall, this process facilitates evaluation of data quality across datasets and permits inspection of peak calling analysis, replicate analysis of different data types. The package ssvQC is readily available at https://github.com/FrietzeLabUVM/ssvQC .
Taking the Leap: Student Futures in Creative Careers

Industry panelists discuss measures that students can take to prepare for entering creative careers in computer graphics and interactive techniques. In the wake of global pandemic, creative industries have transformed. While certain aspects of hiring and recruitment processes remain unfazed, others have fundamentally changed. Transformed workplace cultures and new technologies present opportunities for alternative and de-habituated career paradigms. Simultaneously, new pathways present unforeseen challenges. Creative industry representatives discuss the general and specific state of affairs within their respective fields and provide insight into changing employment models. Discussion includes advice for educators to help prepare students for a variety of transforming career scenarios, as well as the preparation, training, and attributes students need to enter related fields. Panelists will consider the qualities underlying desirable entry-level applicants in their respective fields and elaborate upon changes in the transition from school to work resulting from the global pandemic. Represented industry segments include animation, interactive/experience design, computer graphics research, and virtual production. Questions considered include how schools and educators can help prepare students for successful transitions into creative careers; what entry-level applicants should have (and should not have) on resumes, portfolios, and demo reels; and what can students do on their own to proactively acquire requisite credentials. Discussion will expose fresh outlooks on the futures of creative fields in computer graphics and interactive techniques.
Uplink data transmission for high speed trains in severe doubly selective channels of 6G communication systems

Abstract This paper proposes a transmitter–receiver architecture for the transmission and detection of data from high-speed-trains (HSTs) to base-stations (BSs) in sixth-generation (6G) communication systems. The scenario that is considered in this paper assumes that each HST passenger-car (PC) transmits data to its closest BS and therefore, several PCs communicate with the same BS simultaneously. The projected transmitter–receiver architecture employs a new Doppler-shift-frequency (DSF) estimation method, proposed in this article, to estimate channel taps’ DSFs. Using these estimated DSFs, the channel taps’ angle-of-departures (AoDs) are calculated. Each PC beamformer uses these AoDs to adjust its coefficients to suppress interference-channel-taps (ICTs) and to direct its beam towards its line-of-sight-channel-tap (LoSCT). Afterwards, a DSF compensation block is used to mitigate the LoSCT’s DSF. The proposed DSF estimation scheme is a finger print based approach which includes an offline training phase, and two real time phases. The estimated optimized receiver coefficients in the offline training phase and the estimated channel parameters in the first real time phase are used to obtain an accurate estimate of the LoSCT’s DSF in the second real time phase. Simulation results designate the reliability of the proposed DSF estimation scheme and the proposed transmitter–receiver architecture.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN THE U.S

Every kind of environmental deterioration known to man can be found in the United States of America. A nation which has long taken pride in its technological advancement now finds itself troubled by the by-products of that advancement: polluted water and air, wasteful use of materials and energy, urban crowding, noise, and a host of other threats to the public health and welfare.
Configuration and Sizing of a Test Fixture for Panels Under Combined Loads

Future air and space structures are expected to utilize composite panels that are subjected to combined mechanical loads, such as bi-axial compression/tension, shear and pressure. Therefore, the ability to accurately predict the buckling and strength failures of such panels is important. While computational analysis can provide tremendous insight into panel response, experimental results are necessary to verify predicted performances of these panels to judge the accuracy of computational methods. However, application of combined loads is an extremely difficult task due to the complex test fixtures and set-up required. Presented herein is a comparison of several test set-ups capable of testing panels under combined loads. Configurations compared include a D-box, a segmented cylinder and a single panel set-up. The study primarily focuses on the preliminary sizing of a single panel test configuration capable of testing flat panels under combined in-plane mechanical loads. This single panel set-up appears to be best suited to the testing of both strength critical and buckling critical panels. Required actuator loads and strokes are provided for various square, flat panels.
Deciphering the Functional O-GlcNAc Sub-Proteome

O-linked N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues that regulates protein function and signaling. O-GlcNAc has emerged as a novel reg...