cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The relationship between comorbid psychopathologies, autism, and social skill deficits in young children

Abstract Social skills are important for both social development and integration. However, few studies have looked at these behaviors in the context of severity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms and comorbid psychopathology in young children. Three hundred twenty eight infants and toddlers between 18 and 36 months of age diagnosed with ASD were studied. More severe symptoms of ASD and various forms of emotional distress such as tantrums and inattention/impulsivity were associated with greater difficulties in social behavior.
Limaçon of Pascal locus of the complex refractive indices of interfaces with maximally flat reflectance-versus-angle curves for incident unpolarized light

For an interface between two isotropic media the power reflectance Rν(ϕ) is an even function, Rν(ϕ) = Rν(−ϕ) of the angle of incidence ϕ; hence all the odd derivatives, Rν(n) = dnRν/dϕn (n odd), are identically 0 at ϕ = 0, independent of the incident polarization ν. When the incident light is unpolarized (ν = u), the second derivative, Ru(2) is also 0 at ϕ = 0, so that the flatness of the Ru-versus-ϕ curve over an initial range of ϕ starting from ϕ = 0 is determined by the fourth derivative, Ru(4). The condition that Ru(4) = 0 at ϕ = 0 gives the maximally flat response and leads to a specific constraint on the complex relative refractive index N, namely, that Re[(N − 1)2/N3] = 2/NN*. The corresponding complex plane contour is the limacon of Pascal, η=2 cos θ±3 in polar form, where N = η exp(jθ). The two branches of this contour constitute the boundary lines that separate the region of the complex plane in which the function Ru(ϕ) is monotonic from that in which the function exhibits a minimum at oblique incidence. Families of curves that illustrate the maximally flat response in external and internal reflection are presented. New equations that determine the angle of incidence of minimum unpolarized-light reflectance of a dielectric–dielectric or a dielectric–conductor interface are derived.
A new method of measuring the snow-surface temperature

Abstract Because a snow cover is so tenuous, measuring its surface temperature is not easy. The surface is illdefined and easily disturbed; invasive transducers commonly used for other surfaces are, thus, generally inappropriate for snow. We therefore describe a hygrometric method of measuring the snow-surface temperature. The advantages are that the method is non-invasive, that its accuracy depends only weakly on the surface structure, and that it is reliable even in bright sunlight. The key assumption is that the air at a snow surface is in saturation with the snow; the dew-point temperature of air right at the snow surface is thus the surface temperature. Consequently, under a fairly wide range of conditions we can, in effect, measure the surface temperature by measuring the dew-point temperature 10 cm above the surface. We develop a theoretical justification for the hygrometric measurement, discuss the meteorological parameters that affect the accuracy of the method, and compare hygrometer data with more traditional measurements.
Empirical Aspects of Polydiagnostic Research

(1957). Empirical Aspects of Polydiagnostic Research. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 251-269.
Biomimetic robot lobster performs chemo-orientation in turbulence using a pair of spatially separated sensors: Progress and challenges

Abstract Lobsters are capable of tracking turbulent plumes to their sources faster than can be accomplished by estimating a spatial gradient from time-averaging the concentration signal. We have used RoboLobster, a biomimetic robot lobster to investigate biologically scaled chemotaxis algorithms using two point concentration sampling to track a statistically characterized turbulent plume. Our results identify the range of effectiveness of these algorithms and, with studies of lobster behavior, suggest effective strategies beyond this range. They suggest that a lobster’s chemo-orientation strategy entails an unidentified means of dealing with the intermittency of the concentration signal. Extensions of these algorithms likely to improve are discussed.
Dosimetric verification using monte carlo calculations for tissue heterogeneity-corrected conformal treatment plans following RTOG 0813 dosimetric criteria for lung cancer stereotactic body radiotherapy

Purpose The recently activated Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) studies of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) require tissue density heterogeneity correction, where the high and intermediate dose compliance criteria were established based on superposition algorithm dose calculations. The study was aimed at comparing superposition algorithm dose calculations with Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculations for SBRT for NSCLC and to evaluate whether compliance criteria need to be adjusted for MC dose calculations. Methods and Materials Fifteen RTOG 0236 study sets were used. The planning tumor volumes (PTV) ranged from 10.7 to 117.1 cm 3 . SBRT conformal treatment plans were generated using XiO (CMS Inc.) treatment planning software with superposition algorithm to meet the dosimetric high and intermediate compliance criteria recommended by the RTOG 0813 protocol. Plans were recalculated using the MC algorithm of a Monaco (CMS, Inc.) treatment planning system. Tissue density heterogeneity correction was applied in both calculations. Results Overall, the dosimetric quantities of the MC calculations have larger magnitudes than those of the superposition calculations. On average, R 100% (ratio of prescription isodose volume to PTV), R 50% (ratio of 50% prescription isodose volume to PTV), D 2cm (maximal dose 2 cm from PTV in any direction as a percentage of prescription dose), and V 20 (percentage of lung receiving dose equal to or larger than 20 Gy) increased by 9%, 12%, 7%, and 18%, respectively. In the superposition plans, 3 cases did not meet criteria for R 50% or D 2cm . In the MC-recalculated plans, 8 cases did not meet criteria for R 100% , R 50% , or D 2cm . After reoptimization with MC calculations, 5 cases did not meet the criteria for R 50% or D 2cm . Conclusions Results indicate that the dosimetric criteria, e.g. , the criteria for R 50% recommended by RTOG 0813 protocol, may need to be adjusted when the MC dose calculation algorithm is used.
Successful Treatment of de Quervain Tenosynovitis With Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy and Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection: A Case Presentation

De Quervain tenosynovitis is a disorder of the tendons of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist that causes pain and functional disability, which may be refractory to conservative treatments. We present a case of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle tenotomy and platelet-rich plasma injection for the successful treatment of de Quervain tenosynovitis.
Polymorphisms in human soluble epoxide hydrolase: effects on enzyme activity, enzyme stability, and quaternary structure.

Abstract Human soluble epoxide hydrolase (hsEH) has been shown to play a role in regulating blood pressure and inflammation. HsEH consists of an N-terminal phosphatase and a C-terminal epoxide hydrolase domain. In the present study, we examined the effects of polymorphisms in the hsEH gene on phosphatase activity, enzyme stability, and protein quaternary structure. The results showed that mutants Lys55Arg, Arg103Cys, Cys154Tyr, Arg287Gln, and the Arg103Cys/Arg287Gln (double mutant) have significantly lower phosphatase activity compared to the most frequent allele (MFA) of hsEH. In addition, the Lys55Arg, Arg103Cys, Cys154Tyr, Arg287Gln, and the double mutant have significantly lower k cat / K m values. The stabilities at 37 °C of purified Arg287Gln and Arg103Cys/Arg287Gln mutants were also significantly reduced compared to the MFA. HPLC size-exclusion studies showed that the MFA exists predominantly as a dimer. However, the Arg287Gln and Arg103Cys/Arg287Gln mutants show increased concentration of the monomer. We conclude that the Arg287Gln polymorphism disrupts putative intra- and inter-monomeric salt-bridges responsible for dimerization.
QUESTIONS REGARDING THE PRESUMED ROLE OF THYMINE DIMER IN PHOTOREACTIVABLE U.V. DAMAGE TO DNA

Summary A large volume of compelling evidence has indicated thymine dimer as the principal photoreactivable ultraviolet damage in DNA. Some experiments with the photoreactivating enzyme system clash with this interpretation. Several varieties of thymine dimer containing compound fail to interact with photoreactivating enzyme, while u.v. irradiated polydeoxy GC, a polynucleotide lacking thymine, carries a photoenzymatically reactive product. Photoreactivable u.v. damage does not form in DNA during irradiation below pH 3–3.5, while dimerization of thymine in a simpler compound does. Some evidence, which at first glance seems to support the dimer hypothesis, fails under scrutiny, and may even weigh against it.
An introduction to process visualization capabilities and considerations in the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM)

Process visualization can be a very powerful tool for understanding dynamic processes. Process visualization requires a non-destructive technique that can be monitored in real time. In this paper various methods of non-destructive inspection will be described and compared. The applicability of these non-destructive inspection methods to process visualization will be compared and contrasted. Particular attention will be paid to a recent development in this area, the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) which is inherently a non-destructive inspection technique with the advantages of electron microscopy for superior magnification and depth of field capability. The ESEM offers a unique platform for process visualization studies. The majority of process visualization is currently done using optical microscopes with hot stages for observing morphological effects top down (optical microscopes) or from the side (contact angle). Major limitations of these optical methods include lack of magnification, poor depth of field, and clouding of optics. Process visualization is best carried out utilizing a non-destructive technique, such as the ESEM, since invasive sample preparation techniques such as conductive coatings alter the sample and make interpretation more difficult. Common process variables such as thermal profiling and the effect of ambient conditions have been examined using the ESEM. Other process variables that could be of interest in the future will be discussed. There are limitations in the ability of the ESEM to reproduce actual process conditions, such as pressure and mass flow rate trade-offs. The ESEM can also be combined directly and indirectly with other analytical techniques to determine the composition of the sample and/or byproducts of a reaction that is being monitored.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Identification of hairy cell leukemia subset defining p35 as the human homologue of Ii

Abstract A molecule defining a subset of patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) on the basis of being abundantly labeled with [ 35 S]methionine, was demonstrated to be the human homologue of murine Ii, a glycoprotein which lacks alloantigenic variation and is associated non-covalently with la antigens. In one-dimensional SDS-polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis, the HCL-subset-defining molecule migrated with HLA-DR molecules which were immunoprecipitated with a specific heteroantiserum. These molecules were further defined in two-dimensional, SDS and non-equilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis of either membrane preparations or immunoprecipitates formed with various antibodies. [ 35 S]methionine-labeling of the HCL-subset-defining molecule was greater in hairy leukemic cells than in lymphoblastoid cell lines. The subset-defining species was associated non-covalently with HLA-DR alpha and beta chains and run electrophoretically at a position described for murine and human Ii molecules (in terms of pl and weight). Metabolic labeling of HLA-A,-B and -DR was also increased in HCL cells relative to lymphoblastoid cell lines. A separate protein, of 41,000 mol. wt and pl of 7–8, resembled another li-associated molecule which has been decribed in murine and human studies.
THE DYNAMICS OF TAUT INCLINED CABLES

On montre que le parametre le plus important est proportionnel au produit du carre de la courbure locale et de la rigidite elastique
Microdetermination of silver by thioacetamide using the mercury drop electrode

A sensitive and rapid potentiometric method for the determination of mg quantities of silver is described. The silver solution is adjusted to the proper pH and temperature, and then titrated with a standard thioacetamide solution potentiometrically. A mercury drop-saturated calomel electrode pair was employed for end point detection.
An irregular satellite sequence is found at the termini of the linear extrachromosomal rDNA in Dictyostelium discoideum

IN Dictyostelium discoideum most of the rRNA genes are known to be present as linear, extrachromosomal palindromic molecules. Here we report the identification, molecular cloning and partial DNA sequence analysis of the terminal Eco RI restriction fragment (Eco RI 1) of the rDNA. We identify a length heterogeneity confined to the most distal region of uncloned Eco RI 1, and demonstrate, by DNA sequence analysis of five independently isolated recombinant plasmids containing the Eco RI 1 fragment, that the heterogeneity can be accounted for by variable tracts of an unprecedented irregular satellite sequence with the general formula [CnT]m; n varies from 1 to 8 and accounts for the irregularity, while m varies from 18 to 34 and accounts for the length heterogeneity. The proximal [CnT]m pattern is identical (albeit irregular) in all five clones of Eco RI 1, while the distal [CnT]m sequence appears to vary between clones. Immediately proximal to the CnT satellite are found four nearly perfect tandem repeats of a 29 bp sequence. We discuss the evolution of these simple sequences at the rDNA termini and speculate about possible functions for the CnT satellite. Using the cloned terminal restriction fragment as probe, we also show that virtually all the rDNA in Dictyostelium exists in the linear palindromic form.
A Comparison of Pixel, Edge andWavelet Features for Face Detection using a Semi-Naive Bayesian Classifier

Henry Schneiderman at Carnegie Mellon University developed a face detection algorithm based upon a semi-naive Bayesian classifier and 5/3 linear phase wavelets. This paper explores the relative value of these wavelet features compared to simpler pixel and edge features. Experiments suggest edge features are superior for highly controlled lighting, while pixel features are better and more stable for uncontrolled lighting. Tests use the Notre Dame face data collected in Fall 2003 and Spring 2004 and use over 400, 000 face and non-face test image chips.
The effect of flufenamic acid on gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity and transit time in dogs

Background— Flufenamic acid, a fenamate, has been shown to alter markedly the membrane potential of small intestinal smooth muscle and increase intracellular calcium in single cells. Aims— To determine the effects of flufenamic acid on myoelectrical motor activity and gastrointestinal transit in the intact animal. Methods— Myoelectrical motor activity was recorded via seromuscular platinum electrodes sutured at regular intervals in the stomach and throughout the small intestine. Fasted and fed gastrointestinal transit was assessed using technetium-99m ( 99m Tc) as the radioactive marker linked to 1 mm amberlite pellets or added to the meal. Results— Flufenamic acid (600 mg, intravenously) induced intense spike activity in the small intestine. The mean duration of irregular spike activity was 250 (7) minutes. Spike activity was more pronounced in the lower small intestine. Flufenamic acid also accelerated initial gastric emptying and markedly shortened transit time in the small intestine. In the fasted state the 50% transit time in the small intestine was 54 (8) minutes with infusion of flufenamic acid compared with 105 (10) minutes in the control group; in the fed state 99m Tc first reached the colon at 220 (10) minutes compared with 270 (12) minutes in the control group. Conclusions— Flufenamic acid had marked effects on both myoelectrical motor complex activity and small intestinal transit in the dog. The observed effects suggest that flufenamic acid may be of potential use as a prokinetic agent.
Identifying Feature Interactions in Multi-Language Aspect-Oriented Frameworks

The simultaneous use of multiple aspect languages has the potential of becoming a significant one, as new aspect- oriented frameworks are developed and existing ones expand to incorporate features of others. A key challenge in combining multiple aspect-oriented languages is identifying and resolving adverse feature interactions. These interactions occur due to the incompatible and inconsistent treatment of aspects, join points, and advice across different languages. In this paper, we analyze the root cause of this feature interaction problem. We classify common features of aspect languages, describe how these features may interact when using different aspect languages in tandem, and concretely illustrate how these interactions may be resolved. Our work allows AOP users and tool developers to reason about the occurrence of such adverse and unexpected feature interactions, and to apply several patterns for resolving these problems.
Differential tolerances of two old world bluestem genotypes to excess aluminum in acid soil and nutrient solution

Abstract Two genotypes of Old world bluestems from the species Bothriochloa intermedia (R. Br.), A. Camus, shown earlier to differ in tolerance to acid, Al‐toxic Tatum subsoil at pH 4.1, were characterized further with respect to growth in pots of Tatum soil over a wider pH range and tolerance to Al in nutrient solutions. The two genotypes studied were acid‐soil tolerant P. I. 300860 (860) and acid soil sensitive P. I. 300822 (822). The soil experiment confirmed earlier rankings of acid soil tolerance in these two genotypes. For example, with 0, 375 or 750 ug CaCO3 g‐1 soil (final pH 4.0, 4.3 and 4.6), the 860 genotype produced significantly more dry top weight than 822, but these differences were precluded with 1500 or 3000 ug g‐1 CaCO3 added (pH 4.7 and 5.4). At pH 4.3 and 4.6, the root dry weights of the two genotypes were also significantly different and weights were equalized at pH 4.7 and 5.4. The 860 genotype made fairly good top growth (67% of maximum) at pH 4.3 and a soil Al saturation of 63%; th...
PhenoMiner: quantitative phenotype curation at the rat genome database.

The Rat Genome Database (RGD) is the premier repository of rat genomic and genetic data and currently houses >40 000 rat gene records as well as human and mouse orthologs, >2000 rat and 1900 human quantitative trait loci (QTLs) records and >2900 rat strain records. Biological information curated for these data objects includes disease associations, phenotypes, pathways, molecular functions, biological processes and cellular components. Recently, a project was initiated at RGD to incorporate quantitative phenotype data for rat strains, in addition to the currently existing qualitative phenotype data for rat strains, QTLs and genes. A specialized curation tool was designed to generate manual annotations with up to six different ontologies/vocabularies used simultaneously to describe a single experimental value from the literature. Concurrently, three of those ontologies needed extensive addition of new terms to move the curation forward. The curation interface development, as well as ontology development, was an ongoing process during the early stages of the PhenoMiner curation project. Database URL: http://rgd.mcw.edu
Whole genome scan detects an allelic variant of fad2 associated with increased oleic acid levels in maize.

We used whole genome scan association mapping to identify loci with major effect on oleic acid content in maize kernels. Single nucleotide polymorphism haplotypes at 8,590 loci were tested for association with oleic acid content in 553 maize inbreds. A single locus with major effect on oleic acid was mapped between 380 and 384 cM in the IBM2 neighbors genetic map on chromosome 4 and confirmed in a biparental population. A fatty acid desaturase, fad2, identified ∼2 kb from the associated genetic marker, is the most likely candidate gene responsible for the differences in the phenotype. The fad2 alleles with high- and low-oleic acid content were sequenced and allelic differences in fad2 RNA level in developing embryos was investigated. We propose that a non-conservative amino acid polymorphism near the active site of fad2 contributes to the effect on oleic acid content. This is the first report of the use of a high resolution whole genome scan association mapping where a putative gene responsible for a quantitative trait was identified in plants.
In Traagency Limitations On Policy Implementation: You Can't Always Get What You Want, But Sometimes You Get What You Need

The literature on policy implementation suggests three major reasons for the failure of program personnel in public bureaucracies to implement policy as expected by upper-level administrators and l...
Parallel prefrontal pathways reach distinct excitatory and inhibitory systems in memory-related rhinal cortices

To investigate how prefrontal cortices impinge on medial temporal cortices we labeled pathways from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and posterior orbitofrontal cortex (pOFC) in rhesus monkeys to compare their relationship with excitatory and inhibitory systems in rhinal cortices. The ACC pathway terminated mostly in areas 28 and 35 with a high proportion of large terminals, whereas the pOFC pathway terminated mostly through small terminals in area 36 and sparsely in areas 28 and 35. Both pathways terminated in all layers. Simultaneous labeling of pathways and distinct neurochemical classes of inhibitory neurons, followed by analyses of appositions of presynaptic and postsynaptic fluorescent signal, or synapses, showed overall predominant association with spines of putative excitatory neurons, but also significant interactions with presumed inhibitory neurons labeled for calretinin, calbindin, or parvalbumin. In the upper layers of areas 28 and 35 the ACC pathway was associated with dendrites of neurons labeled with calretinin, which are thought to disinhibit neighboring excitatory neurons, suggesting facilitated hippocampal access. In contrast, in area 36 pOFC axons were associated with dendrites of calbindin neurons, which are poised to reduce noise and enhance signal. In the deep layers, both pathways innervated mostly dendrites of parvalbumin neurons, which strongly inhibit neighboring excitatory neurons, suggesting gating of hippocampal output to other cortices. These findings suggest that the ACC, associated with attention and context, and the pOFC, associated with emotional valuation, have distinct contributions to memory in rhinal cortices, in processes that are disrupted in psychiatric diseases. J. Comp. Neurol.
Wide area signal based optimal neurocontroller for a UPFC

The design and implementation of an optimal neurocontroller for a flexible AC transmission device - the unified power flow controller (UPFC) is presented in this paper. Wide area signals in a power system are used to provide auxiliary control to a UPFC in order to achieve enhanced damping of system oscillations. The neurocontroller provides auxiliary signals to the real and reactive power references of a UPFC series inverter. The design of the optimal neurocontroller is based on an adaptive critic design (ACD) approach - the Heuristic dynamic programming (HDP). A system identifier, referred to as the wide area monitor (WAM), and a critic network (performance evaluator) are designed for optimizing the neurocontroller. Real-time implementation of the optimal UPFC neurocontroller for a multi-machine power system is carried out successfully on a digital signal processor (DSP). The power system is simulated on a real-time digital simulator (RTDS). The performance of this neurocontroller is compared with a conventional linear damping controller. Results show enhanced damping of both inter-area and intra-area modes in the power system under different operating conditions and disturbances with the neurocontroller. The improvement in the damping is also quantified using the Prony method.
A Distance Compensated Telemetric Humidity Sensor Based on the Parasitic Capacitance Variation

In this article a telemetric system for relative-humidity measures is proposed. The contactless transmission problem is analyzed also when the distance between readout circuit and sensing circuit changes. Three hydrophilic polymers are deposited on parasitic capacitance of sensing system. The sensitivities to the Relative Humidity and distance are calculated. The measurement method has been tested in the laboratory and the experimental results are reported.
The Assessment of Learning Outcomes in Information Assurance Curriculum

We present an overview of the design and conduct of learning outcomes assessment for an undergraduate information assurance curriculum. The described program of assessment provides for an evidence-based, decision-making process that can be used to inform faculty on changes needed to curriculum. While the conduct of the assessment cycle is not an insignificant one (developing outcomes and objectives, assessing student learning, collecting and analyzing assessment data, and using assessment data to guide conversation about curriculum), the benefits are great in terms of assisting faculty to make good choices when reviewing/revising curriculum (and at the course level: course content, teaching methodology, and assignments).
Ideology and the Materialist Model of General Evolution: A Cross-Cultural Test of Subsystem Relationships

The reappearance of general evolutionary theory in sociology and anthropology has been accompanied by a marked interest in cultural materialism. The materialist model of general evolution proposes that the sociocultural system is composed of three basic and interrelated subsystems: the material or technological system, the social structural system, and the ideological system. Following the evolutionary materialism of Marx and Morgan, many current evolutionary presentations propose that these subsystems will, in general, evolve together. While empirical studies have supported the evolutionary relationship between technological development and social structural differentiation, the ideological subsystem has been given little if any direct attention. Employing a cross-cultural sample of 60 sociocultural systems drawn randomly from Human Area Files Quality Control Sample Universe, this research offers support for the evolutionary thesis of subsystem relationships. Theories concerned with the general evolution of society and culture have been a part of the sociological and anthropological milieu since the inception of these disciplines in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. By the turn of the twentieth century, however, criticisms of general evolutionary models had turned scholars of society and culture to other concerns. Predominant in this criticism of general evolutionary theory were the "historical" or "cultural particularists." Centered around the writings and teachings of Franz Boas ([1896] 1948), these critics concluded that the uniqueness of human sociocultural units prevented the discovery of general laws and relationships that would unite diverse cultural experiences (see Harris 1968, 1979; Kaplan and Manners 1972; White 1969). Largely as a result of
VOIGT-REUSS TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION FOR STRUCTURES WITH NONLINEAR MATERIAL BEHAVIORS

This work is directed toward optimizing concept designs of structures featuring inelastic material behaviours by using topology optimization. In the proposed framework, alternative structural designs are described with the aid of spatial distributions of volume fraction design variables throughout a prescribed design domain. Since two or more materials are permitted to simultaneously occupy local regions of the design domain, small-strain integration algorithms for general two-material mixtures of solids are developed for the Voigt (isostrain) and Reuss (isostress) assumptions, and hybrid combinations thereof. Structural topology optimization problems involving non-linear material behaviours are formulated and algorithms for incremental topology design sensitivity analysis (DSA) of energy type functionals are presented. The consistency between the structural topology design formulation and the developed sensitivity analysis algorithms is established on three small structural topology problems separately involving linear elastic materials, elastoplastic materials, and viscoelastic materials. The good performance of the proposed framework is demonstrated by solving two topology optimization problems to maximize the limit strength of elastoplastic structures. It is demonstrated through the second example that structures optimized for maximal strength can be significantly different than those optimized for minimal elastic compliance. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A direct proof of equivalence of invertibility criteria of multi-variable linear systems†

The purpose of this paper is to give a direct algebraic proof, without invoking the existence of inverse systems, that the two criteria of invertibility of multi-variable linear time-invariant dynamical systems given by Sain and Massey (1969) are equivalent. In a dual manner, the method of this paper can be used to prove directly that the various criteria of functional reproducibility of multi-variable linear systems, which have appeared in the literature, are equivalent.
Teorías afectivas vintage: Apuntes sobre Deleuze, Bergson y Whitehead

El ‘Giro Afectivo’ ha generado un cambio en la produccion de conocimiento sobre la base de ciertas tendencias filosoficas reconocidas como ‘filosofias de los procesos’. Gilles Deleuze, Henri Bergson y Alfred N. Whitehead son algunos de los exponentes de estas filosofias que han influido con fuerza en los estudios del afecto al interior de las ciencias sociales. Su pensamiento ha sido incluso una condicion de posibilidad para el actual ‘Giro Afectivo’. Comenzare este articulo argumentando que estos tres exponentes de las filosofias de los procesos tienen una fuente de inspiracion compartida en la obra de Baruch Spinoza. Posteriormente expondre algunas de las ideas de Deleuze, Bergson y Whitehead que han sido retomadas -y recicladas- por los teoricos contemporaneos del afecto. Ejemplificare cada caso con un estudio reciente de las que reconozco como ‘teorias afectivas vintage’. Concluyo con una serie de reflexiones sobre las probabilidades e improbabilidades que ofrece esta vuelta a la filosofia de los procesos en los estudios del afecto que desarrollan las ciencias sociales.
The Basic Structure and the Principles of Justice

This article develops an account of how economic and political institutions can limit the applicability of principles of justice even in non-relational cosmopolitan conceptions. It shows that fundamental principles of justice underdetermine fair distributive shares as well as justice-based requirements. It argues that institutions partially constitute the content of justice by determining distributive shares and by resolving indeterminacies about justice-based requirements resulting from strategic interaction and disagreement. In the absence of existing institutions principles of justice might not be applicable for assessing distributions or guiding individual action and institutional design. Hence, accepting a specific cosmopolitan conception of justice is insufficient to settle global distributive questions.
Induction of Adenosine Deaminase in Escherichia coli

Supplementing the salts-glucose medium of Escherichia coli with adenine initiates induction of adenosine deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4), growth inhibition, and an increased potential for the net deamination of adenine. The extent and duration of these events are proportional to the initial adenine concentration and are dependent upon adenylate pyrophosphorylase and repression of histidine biosynthesis for maximal expression. The conversion of adenine to hypoxanthine, though limited in rate, occurs concurrently with induction and accounts for the progressively decreasing rate of deaminase induction, since hypoxanthine is a relatively ineffective inducer. The subsequent decrease in deaminase activity is due to dilution by continued cell division and by enzyme inactivation which occurs during the late-log and early-stationary phases. The partially purified deaminase is labile to a number of environmental conditions, particularly to phosphate buffers of pH 6.8 or less. A disproportionately slow rate of adenine deamination by cells utilizing lactate permits a more prolonged period of induction and, consequently, a greater quantity of enzyme to be synthesized; cell division, but not enzyme inactivation, reduces enzyme concentration. The adenosine deaminases of Aerobacter aerogenes and Salmonella typhimurium are not inducible.
Impact of logic synthesis on soft error vulnerability using a 90-nm bulk CMOS digital cell library

Reliability-aware logic synthesis can be used to mitigate a circuit's response to radiation-induced soft errors. This paper analyzes the impact of using reliability-aware logic synthesis to reduce both the pulse width and the drain area of a circuit. Using our targeted cell library, several benchmark circuits were analyzed to identify equivalent, less-vulnerable implementations while minimizing penalties. Results showed that replacing cells with alternative implementations can lower a circuit's typical pulse width by greater than 30% and typical drain area by greater than 40%. The respective area penalties incurred are less than 115% and 65%.
Creating Vulnerability Signatures Using Weakest Preconditions

Signature-based tools such as network intrusion detection systems are widely used to protect critical systems. Automatic signature generation techniques are needed to enable these tools due to the speed at which new vulnerabilities are discovered. In particular, we need automatic techniques which generate sound signatures - signatures which will not mistakenly block legitimate traffic or raise false alarms. In addition, we need signatures to have few false negatives and will catch many different exploit variants. We investigate new techniques for automatically generating sound vulnerability signatures with fewer false negatives than previous research using program binary analysis. The key problem to reducing false negatives is to consider as many as possible different program paths an exploit may take. Previous work considered each possible program path an exploit may take separately, thus generating signatures that are exponential in the size of the number of branches considered. In the exact same scenario, we show how to reduce the overall signature size and the generation time from exponential to polynomial. We do this without requiring any additional assumptions, or relaxing any properties. This efficiency gain allows us to consider many more program paths, which results in reducing the false negatives of generated signatures. We achieve these results by creating algorithms for generating vulnerability signatures that are based on computing weakest preconditions (WP). The weakest precondition for a program path to a vulnerability is a function which matches all exploits that may exploit the vulnerability along that path. We have implemented our techniques and generated signatures for several binary programs. Our results demonstrate that our WP-based algorithm generates more succinct signatures than previous approaches which were based on forward symbolic execution.
Electron Energy Distributions During Pulsed Laser Annealing and Damage of Silicon

Spectra of photoelectrons and thermionic electrons emitted from silicon during pulsed laser irradiation at energy densities encompassing the thresholds for laser annealing and damage are reported. Annealing is accomplished with a 90-nsec pulse of 532-nm light, which may be accompanied by a 266-nm probe pulse. A cylindrical mirror analyzer is used for energy resolution of emitted electrons. Time-resolved reflectivity at 633 nm verifies attainment of the high-reflectivity annealing phase. Spectral widths and total yields imply a modest electron temperature (T < 3000 K) during annealing. The data suggest that the work function of the silicon (111) face may increase about 0.6 eV upon transition to the molten phase.
Stability of actin cytoskeleton and PKC-δ binding to actin regulate NKCC1 function in airway epithelial cells

Activation of airway epithelial Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC)1 requires increased activity of protein kinase C (PKC)-δ, which localizes predominantly to the actin cytoskeleton. Prompted by reports ...
Effect of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) on soil-phosphorus availability and organic acids

As a cover crop, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) may increase soil-P availability. Buckwheat was grown in low-P and P-fertilized field plots, and organic anions were measured in rhizosphere soil. Soil-P availability was not affected by buckwheat, but the concentration of rhizosphere tartrate2– was significantly higher (p < 0.005) in low-P vs. P-fertilized plots. This suggests
The Scholarship of Elegance and Significance Expressive and Aesthetic Truth Claims

In this article, the authors examine the importance of expressive and aesthetic truth claims to public administration scholars, and present a model to aid them in making and evaluating such claims. Sincere expression adds credibility to an argument, and quality of expression can lend elegance to a truth claim. Expressive or aesthetic truth claims are not merely used to heighten emotions or enhance sensory experience; more importantly, they can also contribute to the efficacy of an empirical or normative truth claim. Through the judicious use of these truth claims, significance and meaning can be attached to the bare facts of empirical inquiry or a recommendation to act.
Comparison of ensemble‐MOS methods in the Lorenz '96 setting

A suite of methods that have been proposed for statistical post-processing of ensemble forecasts based on historical verification data (i.e. ensemble-MOS methods) are compared with each other, and with direct probability estimates using ensemble relative frequencies, in the idealised Lorenz '96 setting. The three most promising methods are logistic regressions predicting probabilities associated with selected quantiles, ensemble dressing (a kernel density estimation approach), and linear regressions with non-constant prediction errors that depend on the ensemble variance. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Back to the Present: The 'Temporal Tandem' of Migration and Conversion among Pentecostal Nikkei Brazilians in Japan

ABSTRACTThis article contributes to the emerging area of research in the anthropology of Christianity that focuses on mobility and temporality. It does so by elaborating on the concept of ‘temporal tandem', which is defined as a process of joint temporalization by which seemingly disparate projects of migration and conversion become interlocked. Pentecostal converts among Brazilians of Japanese descent (Nikkeis) in Japan will serve as a case study to delineate this concept. Temporality figures as a central theme in their stories of migration to the supposed ancestral homeland as well as in their narratives of conversion in Japan. I will illustrate the ways in which conversion addresses common concerns regarding time among the migrant converts, such as ‘putting aside living for the future'. The article concludes with an observation that Nikkeis often experience Pentecostal conversion as a ‘return to the present', where life is no longer perceived to be suspended.
Numerical Investigation of Cold Flow Non-Axisymmetric Ejectors

Non-axisymmetric, ejector-based combined cycle propulsion (CCP) systems have received renewed attention due to their potential applicability to next generation space transportation. However, fundamental fluid mechanical mechanisms in even a simple asymmetric ejector system are not well understood. The University of Alabama in Huntsville Propulsion Research Center has an ongoing research program to characterize asymmetric ejector performance in terms of mass flow entrainment, stream mixing, and choking mechanisms. Research at the facility has focused on experimental investigation of an air-air supersonic ejector with a single and a dual nozzle primary flow path. This paper presents the first computational analysis of the UAH non-axisymmetric single-nozzle ejector flow field. Correlations of sidewall pressure with the primary and secondary flow evolution are investigated with several turbulence models.
Field Studies of a Male-Released Aggregation Pheromone in Pissodes nemorensis

Response of the deodar weevil, Pissodes nemorensis Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), to traps containing slash pine bolts and males, females, males with females, or no adults was studied in northern Florida in each of two studies. Significantly more weevils were caught at traps containing males than at any other treatment. Approximately equal numbers of male and female weevils responded to all treatments in both studies. Peak response to male-baited traps was observed in November, and a small peak was observed in February.
Area optimization of resilient designs guided by a mixed integer geometric program

Timing resilient designs can remove variation margins by adding error detecting logic (EDL) that detects timing errors when execution completes within a resiliency window. Speeding up near-critical-paths during logic synthesis can reduce the amount of EDL needed but at the cost of increasing logic area. This creates a logic optimization strategy called resynthesis. This paper proposes a gate-sizing based mixed integer geometric programming framework to analytically model and optimize paths during resynthesis. We evaluate our approach on a set of ISCAS89 benchmarks and compare the overall area improvement after resynthesis guided by our mathematical model versus a previously published naive brute-force approach. Our experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves up to 11% larger average area improvement.
Attending to foster parent grief: exploring the use of grief awareness training for child welfare workers:

Foster parents often feel irresolvable grief when a child they have loved and nurtured is removed from their home. Their grief response is frequently unrecognised and misunderstood, and can lead to...
New developments in office automation

Office automation can be characterised by three developments: (1) Distributed processing systems in which traditional typewriters and copying machines are replaced by microcomputers and printers have greatly increased the individual processing power of employees. Corporate MIS department computers are now either decentralised or work on computer–intensive tasks for senior management. (2) Communication networks, such as local area networks, enable various office systems from various vendors to be integrated. Networking serves to tie a company's information system together. (3) Integrated office automation systems provide a single system for a variety of different types of data. Office automation needs to be part of the overall strategy of top–level management. The performance of office automation systems should be judged by their overall cost effectiveness, rather than by simply counting the numbers of jobs they replace.
BMP Signaling in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, a Rare Genetic Disorder of Heterotopic Ossification

Heterotopic ossification (HO), the formation of extraskeletal bone, is most frequently associated with severe tissue injury. However, predicting who will be susceptible to HO and when HO will form has been challenging, resulting in a paucity of information about the causes and progression of this heterotopic bone formation. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disorder in which heterotopic bone forms in soft connective tissues during childhood and throughout adult life, frequently in response to tissue trauma. The discovery that FOP is caused by gain-of-function mutations in ACVR1, the gene encoding the ALK2 BMP type I receptor, established that perturbation in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway is an underlying cellular mechanism for HO. The identification of the responsible gene for FOP, together with the development of animal models for HO and FOP, is now leading to advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone formation and the induction of HO.
The Deceased Kidney Donor

Abstract Deceased donors represent the main source of kidneys for transplant purposes. Among this large donor pool, different subcategories can be identified. Standard criteria donor, are donors younger than 60 years of age, with no relevant comorbidities and whose renal function is normal. Expanded criteria donors (ECD) are donors older than 60 or older than 50 but with at least two of the following conditions: hypertension history, serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL or cause of death from cerebrovascular accident. Sometimes, kidneys from ECD donors are used as dual kidneys to provide adequate nephron mass. In some circumstances, donors may present acute kidney injury, however, if certain criteria are met, their kidneys may still be used with excellent outcomes. Kidneys may be procured also from controlled donation after circulatory death donors, as well as from pediatric donors. In this latter case, kidney size will determine whether or not the kidneys will have to be implanted en bloc or as single kidneys. Lastly, in order to address the urgent need for more transplantable kidneys, high-risk donors with a history of hepatitis B, C or even HIV are currently being used in patients already affected by the disease in question. The ultimate success of kidney transplant will depend, eventually, by ad hoc selection of the appropriate recipient.
Structure Determination and Characterization of a Family of Primary Alcohol Solvates

We report the preparation and structural characterization of a family of primary alcohol solvates of a small-molecule hydrochloride salt. The structures of the solvates are probed by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction, and the compounds were additionally characterized by polarized light microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic scanning calorimetry. A comparison of the lattices of each compound is also provided. The results demonstrate the existence of a common solvating channel and highlight the importance of understanding the form landscape early in the development process.
Periodic Poling of Ion-Sliced X-Cut Magnesium Oxide Doped Lithium Niobate Thin Films

We fabricate and periodically pole 700 nm thick ion-sliced x-cut magnesium oxide doped lithium niobate thin films. Uniform domains with 50% duty cycle are imaged by piezo-response force microscopy.
The Heath–Jarrow–Morton Model

This chapter presents the Heath–Jarrow–Morton (HJM) (Heath et al, Econometrica 60(1):77–105, 1992) model for pricing interest rate derivatives. Given frictionless and competitive markets, and assuming a complete market, this is the most general arbitrage-free pricing model possible with a stochastic term structure of interest rates. This model, with appropriate modifications, can also be used to price derivatives whose values depend on a term structure of underlying assets, examples include exotic equity derivatives where the underlyings are call and put options, commodity options where the underlyings are futures prices, and credit derivatives where the underlyings are risky zero-coupon bond prices.