cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Analysis of isothermal two-layer blown film coextrusion

The mechanics of a bicomponent two-layer blown film coextrusion is studied theoretically. As a first step for the modeling of this complex process, we adopt a simple system in which the flow is assumed to be isothermal and the two layers are a Newtonian and an upper-convected Maxwell fluid (UCM), respectively. The two fluids are chosen to investigate the relative influence of viscous and viscoelastic forces on the flow mechanics of the process. For a given total flow rate, blow-up ratio, freeze-line height, and film gage, the radius and the melt thickness profiles of the blown film are determined numerically for various values of the flow rate ratio of the two fluids. When the relaxation time of the UCM layer is small, the flow mechanics including the shape of the bubble (or the radius profile) is not much different from that of a Newtonian single-layer flow. With increasing relaxation time, the viscoelasticity effect of the UCM layer becomes more and more pronounced and eventually dominates the bubble dynamics even though its layer thickness may be smaller than that of the Newtonian layer.
The StenowriterߞA System for the Lexical Processing of Stenotypy

The system design and evaluation of an experimental system are presented. The ``Stenowriter'' utilizes a special-purpose translation computer, equipped with a large random-access memory, to provide real-time processing of spoken material into typewritten English. The input is provided by an operator using a special keyboard with which information may be stenographically encoded as rapidly as it is spoken. The stenographic code is automatically processed by the translation system into corresponding English with proper spelling and format. The output appears on an electric typewriter. Through multiplexing techniques, information for a large number of input-output units can be processed, each on a real-time basis, by one computer.
A Clinical Review of Echinocandins in Pediatric Patients

OBJECTIVETo identify and evaluate available data on pediatric echinocandin use.DATA SOURCESA PubMed search, limited to English-language articles, was conducted (1990-August 2009) using the search terms echinocandin, pediatric, child, pharmacokinetics, caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin. Additional articles were retrieved from citations of selected references.STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTIONRelevant information on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of echinocandins in children was selected. Clinical trials, retrospective reviews, and case series were identified and evaluated. Data from these sources were included in this review.DATA SYNTHESISCaspofungin is the only echinocandin approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in children. Pediatric pharmacokinetics has been evaluated with all 3 echinocandins but is limited with anidulafungin. Micafungin is the most well-studied agent in prospective clinical trials for antifungal prophylaxis in stem cell transplantation ...
Decolorization of water and oil-soluble azo dyes by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus fermentum

The capability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus fermentum to degrade azo dyes was investigated. The bacteria were incubated under anaerobic conditions in the presence of 6 µg/ml Methyl Red, Ponceau BS, Orange G, Amaranth, Orange II, and Direct Blue 15; 5 µg/ml Sudan I and II; or 1.5 µg/ml Sudan III and IV in deMann–Rogosa–Sharpe broth at 37°C for 36 h, and reduction of the dyes was monitored. Both bacteria were capable of degrading all of the water-soluble azo dyes to some extent. They were also able to completely reduce the oil-soluble diazo dyes Sudan III and IV but were unable to reduce the oil-soluble monoazo dyes Sudan I and II to any significant degree in the concentrations studied. Growth of the bacteria was not significantly affected by the presence of the Sudan azo dyes. Metabolites of the bacterial degradation of Sudan III and IV were isolated and identified by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analyses and compared with authentic standards. Aniline and o-toluidine (2-methylaniline), both potentially carcinogenic aromatic amines, were metabolites of Sudan III and IV, respectively.
Contribution of melanogenic proteins to the heterogeneous pigmentation of human melanocytes

Human melanocytes from individuals with different skin types, as well as from the skin of the same individual, are heterogeneous in their melanin content. This heterogeneity may be attributed to differences in the activity and expression of the three melanogenic proteins: tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2 (gp75 and DOPAchrome tautomerase, respectively), which in turn are affected by certain regulatory factors. Established melanocyte strains that exhibited intrinsic melanogenic heterogeneity could be separated into subpopulations according to density and melanin content by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The least melanotic subpopulation consisted of melanocytes that contained an active tyrosinase enzyme and a low amount of melanin. Tyrosinase activity and the quantities of tyrosinase enzyme, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and DOPAchrome tautomerase gradually increased with increased melanin content and Percoll density of the isolated melanocyte subpopulations. We have found a direct correlation between melanin content, tyrosinase activity and the expression of the three melanogenic proteins in melanocyte strains established from different skin types. Addition of the two epidermal cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin-1 alpha, to cultures of human melanocytes from different skin types caused decreased proliferation, tyrosinase activity and expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and DOPAchrome tautomerase. Similar results were obtained when Percoll-derived melanocyte subpopulations were treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha. These results indicate that the variation in melanin content in human melanocytes is due to differences in the activity and expression of the melanogenic proteins, which are influenced by autocrine and paracrine factors.
The multiply operated total knee patient: When enough is enough

Abstract The multiply operated TKA patient presents unique challenges. Careful preoperative evaluation can facilitate the selection of the appropriate reconstructive strategy. Amputation, arthrodesis, definitive resection, or further attempts at prosthetic reconstruction all have unique advantages and disadvantages. The patient's functional demands, medical co-morbidities, and the status of the limb can guide treatment decisions.
Cultural Trauma in the Lives of Men in Northern New Mexico

This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews to explore the lives of four Nuevomexicano men. The men discussed how their interactions with mental health practitioners reflected the colonial history of the geographic region. The history of Spanish and Anglo colonialism in Northern New Mexico provides a context to the present day encounters the men had with the providers. The study reveals how the men consciously and unconsciously have assumed the role of personal and cultural protectors of the Nuevomexicano culture in Northern New Mexico. Personal, cultural, and societal forces continue to recapitulate the historical trauma in the area. To grieve the historical trauma faced in the geographic region, men need a place where they do not feel the continued need to protect.
Comparative evaluation of two glycine transporter 1 radiotracers [11C]GSK931145 and [18F]MK‐6577 in baboons

Glycine transporter type-1 (GlyT1) has been proposed as a target for drug development for schizophrenia. PET imaging with a GlyT1 specific radiotracer will allow for the measurement of target occupancy of GlyT1 inhibitors, and for in vivo investigation of GlyT1 alterations in schizophrenia. We conducted a comparative evaluation of two GlyT1 radiotracers, [(11) C]GSK931145, and [(18) F]MK-6577, in baboons. Two baboons were imaged with [(11) C]GSK931145 and [(18) F]MK-6577. Blocking studies with GSK931145 (0.3 or 0.2 mg/kg) were conducted to determine the level of tracer specific binding. [(11) C]GSK931145 and [(18) F]MK-6577 were synthesized in good yield and high specific activity. Moderately fast metabolism was observed for both tracers, with ∼ 30% of parent at 30 min post-injection. In the brain, both radiotracers showed good uptake and distribution profiles consistent with regional GlyT1 densities. [(18) F]MK-6577 displayed higher uptake and faster kinetics than [(11) C]GSK931145. Time activity curves were well described by the two-tissue compartment model. Regional volume of distribution (VT ) values were higher for [(18) F]MK-6577 than [(11) C]GSK931145. Pretreatment with GSK931145 reduced tracer uptake to a homogeneous level throughout the brain, indicating in vivo binding specificity and lack of a reference region for both radiotracers. Linear regression analysis of VT estimates between tracers indicated higher specific binding for [(18) F]MK-6577 than [(11) C]GSK931145, consistent with higher regional binding potential (BPND ) values of [(18) F]MK-6577 calculated using VT from the baseline scans and non-displaceable distribution volume (VND ) derived from blocking studies. [(18) F]MK-6577 appears to be a superior radiotracer with higher brain uptake, faster kinetics, and higher specific binding signals than [(11) C]GSK931145.
The Form of the Electrocardiogram. II. The Character of the Excitation Wave in Auricular Muscle

Wilson, Wishart, and Herrmann1 have pointed out that the distribution of the potential differences produced by the heart beat within the body and at its surface is determined by the laws which govern the flow of currents in a solid conductor within which a potential difference is maintained.In the case of a conductor of infinite extent the potential of any point (V) is determined by the following expression:In this expression (c) is a constant, (r1) is the distance of the point from the positive pole or source, and (r2) is the distance from the negative pole or sink.Let us assume that the positive pole is located at a point of which the coordinates are (a), (0), (0), and the negative pole at a second point (—a), (0), (0), and let us investigate the line, y = b, z = 0. The expressionwill then give the potential of any point on this line.Let us imagine that we can examine the potential of this line with the string galvanometer. To do so let us connect the left-hand electrode to a point so far distant from t...
A Note on the Generic Names Otobius and Otophilus (Acarina: Argasidae)

Duges in 1884 [Naturaleza (1882–1884) 6: 195–98] described and figured the “spinose ear tick” as Argas megnini. Subsequently, Marx (1895, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 3: 195–201) figured this tick and designated it as Rhynchoprium spinosum (═Rhynchoprion Hermann, 1804, a synonym of Argas). The following year Neumann (1896, Mem. Soc. Zool. Fr. 9: 1–44) redescribed megnini and placed it in the genus Ornithodoros. Finally Banks in 1912 (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 14: 96–99) proposed the generic name Otobius, a name which has, with few exceptions, been accepted by tick workers since that time, giving the combination Otobius megnini (Duges, 1884).
Gastroduodenal Intussusception: Report of Two Cases

Summary Two cases of gastroduodenal icitussusception are presented. One was caused by multiple benign gastric polyposis; the other by leiomyorna.
Donor lung assessment using selective pulmonary vein gases

OBJECTIVES Standard donor lung assessment relies on imaging, challenge gases and subjective interpretation of bronchoscopic findings, palpation and visual assessment. Central gases may not accurately represent true quality of the lungs. We report our experience using selective pulmonary vein gases to corroborate the subjective judgement. METHODS Starting, January 2012, donor lungs have been assessed by intraoperative bronchoscopy, palpation and visual judgement of lung collapse upon temporary disconnection from ventilator, central gases from the aorta and selective pulmonary vein gases. Partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) <300 mmHg on FiO2 of 1.0 was considered low. The results of the chest X-ray and last pO2 in the intensive care unit were also collected. Post-transplant primary graft dysfunction and survival were monitored. RESULTS To date, 259 consecutive brain-dead donors have been assessed and 157 transplants performed. Last pO2 in the intensive care unit was poorly correlated with intraoperative central pO2 (Spearman's rank correlation rs = 0.29). Right inferior pulmonary vein pO2 was associated (Mann-Whitney, P < 0.001) with findings at bronchoscopy [clean: median pO2 443 mmHg (25th-75th percentile range 349-512) and purulent: 264 mmHg (178-408)]; palpation [good: 463 mmHg (401-517) and poor: 264 mmHg (158-434)] and visual assessment of lung collapse [good lung collapse: 429 mmHg (320-501) and poor lung collapse: 205 mmHg (118-348)]. Left inferior pulmonary pO2 was associated (P < 0.001) with findings at bronchoscopy [clean: 419 mmHg (371-504) and purulent: 254 mmHg (206-367)]; palpation [good: 444 mmHg (400-517) and poor 282 mmHg (211-419)] and visual assessment of lung collapse [good: 420 mmHg (349-496) and poor: 246 mmHg (129-330)]. At 72 h, pulmonary graft dysfunction 2 was in 21/157 (13%) and pulmonary graft dysfunction 3 in 17/157 (11%). Ninety-day and 1-year mortalities were 6/157 (4%) and 13/157 (8%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Selective pulmonary vein gases provide corroborative objective support to the findings at bronchoscopy, palpation and visual assessment. Central gases do not always reflect true function of the lungs, having high false-positive rate towards the individual lower lobe gas exchange. Objective measures of donor lung function may optimize donor surgeon assessment, allowing for low pulmonary graft dysfunction rates and low 90-day and 1-year mortality.
Tensor Fascia Lata Myocutaneous Flap for Coverage of Skin Defect after Radical Groin Dissection for Metastatic Penile Carcinoma

AbstractMetastatic penile carcinoma to the regional femoral and inguinal nodes presents a difficult surgical problem because of resulting large skin defects. We report on a patient with metastatic penile carcinoma to the groin and describe a technique covering the large skin defect using a tensor fascia lata myocutaneous flap.
Balanced, non-contiguous partitioning of power systems considering operational constraints

Abstract This paper presents an integer programming based partitioning of dynamic graphs that arise in power systems. The proposed approach allows for explicitly expressing power systems operational constraints in the partitioning algorithm. Balanced, non-contiguous graphs appear in several power systems applications such as network partitioning for high performance computing based parallel transient simulators and in wide area control. Quality of partition obtained using the developed algorithm compares favorably with a well known multi-level graph partitioning approach – METIS. Several test systems, ranging from a 9 bus test system to the 2383 bus western polish test system is used to demonstrate the applicability of proposed approach for power system partitioning problems. In addition, applicability of the proposed approach for a non-stationary system such as power networks is demonstrated by partitioning in real-time. Real-time in this context is defined as the interval between two dispatches as the edge weights of the dynamic graph is expected to change at every dispatch.
Psycho-Cultural Profile of Asian Immigrants: Implications for Marketing Initiatives

Asian-Americans are recognized as a significant part of the multicultural U. S. economy. Since culture affects the behaviors of individuals, an understanding of culturally conditioned behaviors of Asian-Americans can serve as a valuable tool for U. S. maiketers. This paper identifies universal psycho-cultural profile of Asian-Americans and suggests marketing initiatives to reach this market.
Posttranslational Modifications of NPR1: A Single Protein Playing Multiple Roles in Plant Immunity and Physiology.

What makes a protein a good immune regulator? We can make some intuitive guesses based on the characteristics of an immune response. Because immunity is not only dangerous to the pathogen but also potentially harmful to self, its regulators should only be active when the threat of infection is imminent, and their activities should be spatially and temporally appropriate to the infection pressure. In-depth studies of the plant immune regulator non-expressor of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes 1 (NPR1) have revealed the molecular mechanisms contributing to these characteristics and also discovered some surprising connections that the immune system has to normal plant physiological processes to minimize the fitness costs. Because NPR1 transcription is not dramatically affected by pathogen challenge [1], studies of NPR1 have been focused on posttranslational modifications (PTMs). By analogy, NPR1 is like an actor who plays many roles by wearing different costumes.
Tracking and smoothing of time-varying sparse signals via approximate belief propagation

This paper considers the problem of recovering time-varying sparse signals from dramatically undersampled measurements. A probabilistic signal model is presented that describes two common traits of time-varying sparse signals: a support set that changes slowly over time, and amplitudes that evolve smoothly in time. An algorithm for recovering signals that exhibit these traits is then described. Built on the belief propagation framework, the algorithm leverages recently developed approximate message passing techniques to perform rapid and accurate estimation. The algorithm is capable of performing both causal tracking and non-causal smoothing to enable both online and offline processing of sparse time series, with a complexity that is linear in all problem dimensions. Simulation results illustrate the performance gains obtained through exploiting the temporal correlation of the time series relative to independent recoveries.
Uprooting the Schizophrenic Seed of Faith: Mental Disability in The Violent Bear It Away

This article examines Flannery O'Connor's depiction of mental disability in The Violent Bear It Away . O'Connor's work presents a particularly rich and complex intellectual space for examining stereotypes connecting mental disability with religious faith. Religious difference and disabled difference are presented as symbolically inseparable in The Violent Bear It Away , a conflation that may encourage negative stereotypes regarding both faith and madness. In the larger scope of the novel, O'Connor uses Tarwater's ambiguous status as both a mad man and a man of faith to question modern psychology and the mental healthcare system: just as readers are implicitly asked to "diagnose" her mad characters (but are set up to fail by the novel's deliberate indeterminacy), the psychologist character Rayber also struggles (and fails) to diagnose the other characters around him. In the end, however, O'Connor's critique of the mental healthcare system may be undermined by her use of mental disability as a symbol to convey religious mystery. © 2016 Loftis. All rights reserved. By author request, this article is excluded from Creative Commons licensing.
Integration of CloudSat Precipitation Profile in Reduction of False Rain

This study develops a no-rain detection algorithm that takes advantage of CloudSat and MODIS observations to detect no-rain areas. The CloudSat surface precipitation occurrence data set is a reliable source to detect rain or no-rain based on CloudSat radar data. The backscatter of radar data due to presence of hydrometeors near the surface confirms the occurrence of rain. In this chapter, the CloudSat precipitation occurrence is used as a reliable source for rain detection. After explaining the methodology and data sources, the model training and results are presented.
The Supreme Court and McCarthy-era repression: one hundred decisions

Robert M. Lichtman, an attorney in private practice for over half a century, has produced a useful compilation of decisions of the United States Supreme Court between 1950 and 1960 that involved pe...
Chemotherapy and brain function in long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

10001 Background: Limited data are available on associations among chemotherapy treatment and brain function in long-term survivors of childhood ALL. This study evaluated associations between treat...
Financial Exploitation of the Elderly: Review of the Epidemic—Its Victims, National Impact, and Legislative Solutions

Elder financial exploitation is the illegal or improper use of an older adult’s funds, property, or assets, and frequently occurs with other forms of abuse. This form of exploitation has emerged as one of the leading forms of elder abuse, having been described by some experts in the field as the epidemic of the twenty-first century. The societal repercussions are profound, affecting as many as seven million elderly Americans, with monies exploited estimated as $2.9 billion annually. The many variables that contribute to financial exploitation of older persons in the United States include a cohort effect of unprecedented wealth, trust, and generosity in an unparalleled number of elderly aging into physically frailty and cognitive impairment, creating a concerning environment of vulnerability to abuse and financial exploitation. There are additional concerns that financial exploitation is on the rise, with an expanding list of perpetrators that include more than just family or caregivers. Scams and confidence schemes that involve total strangers and defrauded funds from Medicare and Medicaid have become emerging trends. Advances in research have better defined the victim, perpetrator, and risk factors for financial exploitation. Despite such advances, coordination in education, prevention at the local level, and support by state and federal governments continue to evolve.
FRACTIONATION OF AGKISTRODON BILINEATUS VENOM BY ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY

The enzyme activities and their pH optima for crude lyophilized Agkistrodon bilineatus venom were as follows: phosphomonoesterase (pH 9.5), phosphodiesterase (pH 9.0), 5'-nucleotidase (pH 10.0 to 10.2), phospholipase A, thrombin-like, N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl esterase (pH 8.0), p-toluene-sulphonyl-L-arginine methyl esterase (pH 8.0), protease (pH 8.9 to 9.1), and L-amino acid oxidase (pH 7.5 to 8.5). The crude venom was fractionated into 19 components by disc electrophoresis and into four distinct molecular weight groups by using thin layer gel filtration with Sephadex G-100 and G-200 superfine. Separation by DEAE Sephadex A-50 with ammonium acetate buffer by two stage elution yielded 13 fractions; 9 occurred in the first stage elution and four in the second stage. Eluants constituting the 13 fractions obtained by ion exchange chromatography had the following distribution of enzyme peak activities: phosphomonoesterase (Fractions IX and X), phosphodiesterase (I and III), 5'-nucleotidase (III and IX), phospholipase A (V and XI), esterase between Fractions IX and X, protease (X), L-amino acid oxidase (IV and VI). Enzyme activities in the eluants of the fractions were many times greater than the activities observed in the crude venom. The peaks of enzyme activities usually did not coincide with the major peaks of the protein fractions. Using the fractions obtained by ion exchange chromatography, phospholipase A enzymes were purified.
Magnetoelectric distortion of superfluid3He: NMR shifts

The combined effect of electric and magnetic fields on the equilibrium state of B-3He and A-3He is examined through the Ginzburg-Landau formalism. The orientation of the anisotropic superfluid is shown to be sensitive (in B-3He) to both the relative strengths of the fields and the angle between them. Leggett's theory is used to predict dynamic magnetic phenomena. Shifts as well asdiscontinuous jumps in both the CW resonance frequencies and the parallel ringing signal are present for various configurations.
A Longitudinal Quasi-Experimental Study of Violence and Disorder Impacts of Urban CCTV Camera Clusters:

Methodological challenges have hampered a number of previous studies into the crime reduction effectiveness of closed-circuit television (CCTV) surveillance systems. These have included the use of ...
Effects of refining and bleaching on oxidative stability of sunflowerseed oil

Sunflowerseed oils extracted from seed grown in the northern and southern US were laboratory refined and bleached with 1 and 3% activated clay. The crude, refined, and bleached oils were heated for four 8-hr days. Samples of oil were taken daily and active oxygen method values determined. In addition, “Ple-zrs,” a porous, fat free snack item, were fried in the oils at the end of each day and stored for 5 weeks. Plots of the log of the active oxygen method values versus the number of hr the oil had been heated were straight lines, the slope of which reflected the oxidative stability of the oil on heating. The lack of change in slopes for the southern oils indicated that oxidative stability after heating was not changed markedly by refining or bleaching. Two samples of northern oil, the refined and oil bleached with 1% activated clay, showed an increase in oxidative stability on heating but a lowering of overall stability. The peroxide values of the oils expressed from the stored “Ple-zrs” indicated that the southern oil was slower than the northern oil to oxidize on storage in a fried product.
Optimal radiation dosing in concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiation for resectable esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis

Background: This is the first meta-analysis to study optimal radiation dose in the setting of concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (cnCRT) for esophageal cancer (EC). We sought to compare outcomes between high dose radiotherapy (HDRT) [>48.85 Gy biologically effective dose (BED)] group and low dose radiotherapy (LDRT) (≤48.85 Gy BED) for patients with EC receiving cnCRT. Methods: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched independently by two members of our team on August 07, 2017. Articles were screened using Covidence. Study quality was assessed via CONSORT. Eligible studies had to be randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing cnCRT vs . surgery alone in full-text English. Those with induction or sequential chemoradiotherapy were excluded. We captured data points including radiation dose, hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS), and treatment-related mortality (TRM). We analyzed HRs for OS and risk ratio (RR) for TRM and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) as the summary statistic. We used both fixed- and random-effects models in the presence of heterogeneity. The primary outcome was OS; secondary endpoint was treatment related mortality (TRM). We compared outcomes by HDRT vs . LDRT. To minimize chemotherapy heterogeneity, we performed a pre-planned analysis excluding the CROSS trial. Results: The eleven included studies contained a total of 1,697 patients. Eight hundred forty-eight were randomized into the cnCRT. Of these 848 patients, 287 received HDRT and 561 received LDRT. HR for OS was not statistically different between LDRT (HR 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55–0.8) and HDRT (HR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.45–0.91). Excluding the CROSS trial, there was still no difference in outcomes between LDRT and HDRT. TRM was similar between LDRT and HDRT. Conclusions: With no difference in OS or TRM between LDRT and HDRT, 48.85 Gy BED cnCRT may be a sufficient radiation dose for cnCRT for patients with EC fit for surgery.
Soft-Biometric Attributes from Selfie Images.

The aim of this chapter is to discuss the soft-biometric attributes that can be extracted from selfie images acquired from mobile devices. Existing literature suggests that various features in demographics, such as gender and age, in physical, such as periocular and eyebrow, and in material, such as eyeglasses and clothing, have been extracted from selfie images for continuous user authentication and performance enhancement of primary biometric traits. Due to the limited hardware resources, low resolution of front-facing cameras, and the usage of the device in different environmental conditions, factors such as robustness to low-quality data, consent-free acquisition, lower computational complexity, and privacy, favor soft-biometric prediction in mobile devices.
Can States Promote Minority Representation? Assessing the Effects of the California Voting Rights Act:

One goal of the California Voting Rights Act (CVRA) is to broaden representation in largely White-controlled city councils state-wide by incentivizing cities to shift council electoral jurisdiction...
Interpreting body MRI cases: classic findings in pelvic MRI

The high contrast resolution provided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to all other modalities allows the interpreting radiologist to make a specific diagnosis for many common and uncommon findings. In some cases, the diagnosis can be so certain that there is no differential diagnosis. In this article, we review the most classically recognized findings when interpreting MRI of the pelvis including the following: Ovaries: Simple cyst, hemorrhagic cyst, corpus luteum, dermoid, fibroma/fibrothecoma. Uterus: C-section scar, adenomyosis, endometriosis, fibroid, congenital uterine anomalies. Cervix: nabothian cyst, cervical cancer. Vagina/Vulva: Gardener's duct cyst, Bartholin's gland cyst. Urethra: skene gland cyst, urethral diverticulum. Prostate: utricle cyst, Mullerian duct cyst, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer.
Benchmark informed software upgrades on Quest, Northwestern’s HPC cluster

We present the work performed at Quest, a high performance computing cluster at Northwestern University regarding benchmarking of software performed to guide software upgrades. We performed extensive evaluation of all MPI modules present on the system for functionality and performance in addition to testing a strategy to deploy architecture optimized software that can be loaded dynamically at runtime.
An Economic Analysis of the Implementation of Team-based Collaborative Care in Outpatient General Mental Health Clinics.

Background Collaborative Chronic Care Models represent an evidence-based way to structure care for chronic conditions, including mental health conditions. Few studies, however, have examined the cost implications of collaborative care for mental health. Objective We aimed to conduct an economic analysis of implementing collaborative care in 9 outpatient general mental health clinics. Research design Analyses were derived from a stepped wedge hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial. We conducted cost-minimization analyses from the health system perspective, incorporating implementation costs, outpatient costs, and inpatient costs for the year before collaborative care implementation and the implementation year. We used a difference-in-differences approach and conducted 1-way sensitivity analyses to determine the robustness of results to variations ±15% in model parameters, along with probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. Subjects Our treatment group included 5507 patients who were initially engaged in care within 9 outpatient general mental health teams that underwent collaborative care implementation. We compared costs for this group to 45,981 control patients who received mental health treatment as usual at the same medical centers. Results Collaborative care implementation cost about $40 per patient and was associated with a significant decrease in inpatient costs and a nonsignificant increase in outpatient mental health costs. This implementation was associated with $78 in cost savings per patient. Monte Carlo simulation suggested that implementation was cost saving in 78% of iterations. Conclusions Collaborative care implementation for mental health teams was associated with significant reductions in mental health hospitalizations, leading to substantial cost savings of about $1.70 for every dollar spent for implementation.
Is "me-search" a kiss of death in mental health research?

Applicants to graduate school in clinical psychology are warned against disclosing something in their application that could be the "kiss of death," information that by itself causes admissions committees to reject otherwise strong applicants. Specifically, several renowned authorities warn applicants against disclosing a lived experience with, or close connection to, psychopathology. This state of affairs seems counterintuitive. At least some people who pursue research in clinical psychology do so, in part, because they have a lived experience with mental illness. This pursuit is termed self-relevant research, which is also known by the pejorative label me-search. Mental health professionals with lived experience are sometimes referred to as "prosumers." There are anecdotal accounts of stigma toward self-relevant research in clinical psychology, but despite the important professional stakes at hand (e.g., gaining admissions into a graduate program), there is a lack systematic documentation of such experiences. To fill this research gap, I use a scholarly personal narrative to facilitate a scholarly conversation about this topic. I reflect upon my own experiences with stigma for when I, a depression researcher, shared my personal connections to depression in my family. This narrative calls for inquiry on self-relevant research and questions biases against this pursuit; for example, the assumption that self-relevant research hinders objectivity. Noting exemplars of people conducting self-relevant research in clinical psychology (e.g., Marsha Linehan), encouraging a more robust practice of self-relevant research, may help combat psychopathology stigma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
The value-added benefit of utilizing two attending surgeons for patients with scoliosis secondary to cerebral palsy.

The use of two attending surgeons during posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for cerebral palsy (CP) patients has been shown to improve perioperative outcomes. This study aims to determine if the use of two surgeons is associated with an increase in the number of subsequent surgeries that can be performed in the same operating room (OR) during business hours. Patients with scoliosis and CP treated with PSF with minimum 90-day follow-up were included. Patients were grouped based on whether one or two attending surgeons performed the case. The primary outcome was the number of surgeries that followed in the same OR before 5 PM. Secondary outcomes included operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of stay, rate of surgical site infection, and rate of unplanned return to the operating room. Thirty-six patients were included (10 with 1 surgeon and 26 with 2 surgeons). The two surgeon group had a significant increase in the average number of surgeries subsequently performed in the same OR during business hours (1.1 vs. 0.3, p = 0.01), as well as shorter mean operative time (159 vs. 307 min, p = 0.007) and EBL (554 vs. 840 cc, p = 0.01; 26 vs. 39%EBV, p = 0.03). The use of two attending surgeons was associated with a significant increase in the number of cases subsequently performed in the same OR during business hours, and significant decreases in operative time and EBL. Hospitals should consider the patient care and potential system-level improvements when considering implementation of two surgeon teams for PSF in CP patients. Therapeutic Level III.
Parental Beliefs and Knowledge, Children’s Home Language Experiences, and School Readiness: The Dual Language Perspective

Parental beliefs and knowledge about child development affect how they construct children’s home learning experiences, which in turn impact children’s developmental outcomes. A rapidly growing population of dual language learners (DLLs) highlights the need for a better understanding of parents’ beliefs and knowledge about dual language development and practices to support DLLs. The current study examined the dual language beliefs and knowledge of parents of Spanish-English preschool DLLs (n = 32). We further asked how socioeconomic and sociocultural factors were associated with parental beliefs and knowledge, and how parental beliefs and knowledge related to DLLs’ home dual language experiences and school readiness skills as rated by their teachers. Results suggested both strengths and opportunities for growth in parental beliefs and knowledge. Moreover, parents from higher-SES backgrounds reported beliefs and knowledge that were more consistent with scientific evidence. Furthermore, parental beliefs and knowledge was positively related to relative Spanish input at home and negatively related to the frequency of English language and literacy activities. However, parental beliefs and knowledge were not associated with children’s dual language output at home or the frequency of Spanish language and literacy activities. Finally, parental beliefs and knowledge were associated with children’s school readiness skills in Spanish but not in English. Together, these findings highlight the need for culturally responsive interventions and parent education programs, which must recognize both the strengths and areas of improvement in parents of DLLs and support parents to transform knowledge into high-quality language and literacy experiences that benefit DLLs.
Machine-learning-based predictive models for estimating seismically-induced slope displacements

Abstract Engineers often use semiempirical models, which estimate the amount of seismically-induced slope displacements (D), to evaluate the seismic performance of earth structures and natural slopes. These procedures often use as inputs slope properties, earthquake parameters, and ground motion intensity measures (IMs). In this study, we propose a new set of machine learning (ML) based models to estimate D using the NGA-West2 shallow crustal ground motion database. We consider both the classification of negligible D and its estimation. The selection of features to explain D (which is based on LASSO, Forward Selection, and Random Forest) suggests that the most efficient features are the slope's yield coefficient (ky), its fundamental period (Ts), the earthquake magnitude (Mw), the peak ground velocity (PGV), and the degraded spectral acceleration at 1.3 Ts. Moreover, the feature selection suggests that there is no significant gain in accuracy beyond five features. We formulate 19 different models, considering various ML-based algorithms such as Generalized Linear Models (GLM), Partial Least Square Regressions (PLSR), Principal Component Regressions (PCR), Bagging and Boosting, Random Forest, Polynomial-based regressions, Multi-order regressions, and Kernel-based models. We assess the performance of the proposed models by evaluating test errors, their predictive performance in case histories, and comparisons against existing models. Based on the assessments, we recommend 6 ML-based models to estimate D in engineering practice.
One Morning in NYC

Seis imagenes digitales y acrilico metalizado sobre papel Somerset inkjet 225 gm., 32 x 42,5 cm.
Investigations of the biogenesis of chlorophyll a. IV. Isolation and partial characterization of some biosynthetic intermediates between Mg-protoporphine IX monomethyl ester and Mg-vinylpheoporphine a5, obtained from Chlorella mutants.

Abstract Through the use of mass, visible, and IR spectrometry on chromatographically-separated bands of esterified porphyrins and their derivatives obtained from Chlorella mutants AJ and BE , structures have been determined which appear to be the intermediates between Mg-protoporphine IX-65 methyl ester and protochlorophyllide a in the chlorophyll a pathway. A metabolic sequence is proposed which involves β-oxidation of the 62-propionate side chain to the 63-keto- derivative, which is then condensed with the γ-methine carbon to form the isocyclic ring of chlorophyll a . Reduction of the 42-vinyl- to the pheoporphine stage appears to be less specific, and possibly random. The β-oxidation sequence occurs for both the mono- and divinylprotoporphine IX compounds. The proposed Δ 63 -protoporphine IX compounds were not isolated, but their presence was inferred in the protoporphine IX band. The corresponding Mg chelates of the above porphyrins were isolated.
Testing Generic Rebalancing Policies for Retirement Portfolios

In this paper, I first study the out-of-sample performance of generic rebalancing policies selected using Monte Carlo, bagging and in-sample back-testing methods. The results show that rebalancing policies selected using simulation methods are more likely to perform better out-of-sample because estimation uncertainty is considered. Then rebalancing policy recommendations are made based on simulations using thirty years of data for three portfolios with different equity exposures and different market regimes. Portfolios managed with effective rebalancing policies outperform those managed with a buy and hold strategy in many situations. Among four kinds of rebalancing triggers (calendar, percentage-of-portfolio, fixed bands and equal probability), the percentage-of-portfolio triggers perform best for most portfolios and performance measures. The recommended rebalancing policies suggest that investors should monitor their portfolios on a monthly or quarterly basis, even though in the empirical distributions the actual rebalances following these policies do not occur frequently.
Modelling and control of two dimensional Poiseuille flow

The problem of stabilization of plane Poiseuille flow is considered using LQG control design. The infinite dimensional nature of the problem is explored. Furthermore, the effects of unmodelled dynamics on LQG design are described. Distributed actuation or sensing is proposed to overcome the problems caused by unmodelled dynamics. Finally, reduced order LQG controllers are designed that stabilize the system to a prescribed degree.
Courts and Compliance in the European Union: The European Arrest Warrant in National Constitutional Courts

Abstract: The member states of the European Union have expanded the tools they use to cooperate to combat transnational crime and terrorism. Chief among these is the Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant, which requires judicial and police authorities to bypass all national extradition procedures involving suspects residing in a EU member state. Only Germany, Poland, Italy, and the Republic of Cyprus experienced severe delays in implementing the required national legislation. Contrary to the expectations of veto player theory, national constitutional courts do not veto EU law, but instruct legislatures on how best to redraft legislation, securing compliance.
Concentración de nutrientes en hojas de diferente estado de desarrollo en arándano

espanolEs muy importante a la hora de realizar diagnostico nutricional definir el momento y el organo adecuado de muestreo para evitar posibles errores en la toma de decisiones. Existe poca informacion acerca de la composicion mineral de las variedades presentes en las zonas productoras del cultivo de arandanos en Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo consistio en determinar la concentracion de nutrientes en hojas de dos edades en las variedades comerciales de arandano difundidas. El muestreo se realizo en 2008 en arandano southern highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum L. var Misty, Jewel y Emerald) en quintas comerciales ubicadas en Concordia, provincia de Entre Rios, Argentina. Se recolectaron hojas totalmente expandidas, sin danos ni lesiones desde los 70 a 90 dias despues de plena floracion (Plena flor: 15/08/2008) en dos edades de hoja (hoja con fruta formada el ano anterior y hoja sin fruta del ano en curso). Se realizaron las determinaciones de la concentracion (g nutriente/100g MS) de N, P, K, Ca y Mg foliar. Los datos se sometieron a ANOVA, se tomo variedad y edad de hoja como factores fijos y concentracion del nutriente como variable dependiente. La concentracion de Mg dependio de la variedad, Misty presento la mayor concentracion de este nutriente con 0.30% Mg foliar, Emerald presento 0.24 % y Jewel la menor concentracion de 0.16 %Mg (p= 0.008). Hojas de mayor edad presentaron mayor concentracion de Mg (p=0.009). Es necesario considerar estas diferencias a la hora de realizar diagnosticos nutricionales. EnglishIt is very important to define the appropriate tissue and sample time for nutritional diagnosis in order to prevent possible mistakes in taking decisions. There is little information about the mineral composition and nutrition of blueberries varieties in the producing areas in Argentina. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of nutrients in blueberry leaves of commercial cultivars (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cvs Misty, Jewel and Emerald) in two different stages. Sampling was performed in commercials orchards located in Concordia, Entre Rios Argentina in 2008. Fully expanded leaves without damage or injuries were collected from 70 to 90 days after full bloom (Full Bloom: 15/08/2008) in two leaf stages (leaf located in the previous season spring flush canes with fruit and leaf located in the current spring flush canes, without fruit). Leaf nutrient concentration (g/100 g DM) of N, P, K, Ca and Mg were determined. The data were analyzed with ANOVA, with cultivar and leaf age as fixed factors and leaf nutrient concentration as the dependent variable. The concentration of Mg depended on the variety with Misty having the highest concentration of 0.30% Mg, Emerald 0.24% and Jewel presented the lowest concentration of 0.16% Mg (p = 0.008). Older leaves had higher Mg concentrations (p = 0.009). It is necessary to consider these differences in sampling procedures and in making nutritional diagnosis.
Understanding classifier errors by examining influential neighbors

Modern supervised learning algorithms can learn very accurate and complex discriminating functions. But when these classifiers fail, this complexity can also be a drawback because there is no easy, intuitive way to diagnose why they are failing and remedy the problem. This important question has received little attention. To address this problem, we propose a novel method to analyze and understand a classifier's errors. Our method centers around a measure of how much influence a training example has on the classifier's prediction for a test example. To understand why a classifier is mispredicting the label of a given test example, the user can find and review the most influential training examples that caused this misprediction, allowing them to focus their attention on relevant areas of the data space. This will aid the user in determining if and how the training data is inconsistently labeled or lacking in diversity, or if the feature representation is insufficient. As computing the influence of each training example is computationally impractical, we propose a novel distance metric to approximate influence for boosting classifiers that is fast enough to be used interactively. We also show several novel use paradigms of our distance metric. Through experiments, we show that it can be used to find incorrectly or inconsistently labeled training examples, to find specific areas of the data space that need more training data, and to gain insight into which features are missing from the current representation.