cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of cooling on force oscillations during maximal voluntary eccentric exercise

Abstract The effect of superficial cooling on force oscillations during maximal eccentric exercises of the quadriceps femoris was studied in 10 adults. Maximal (i) shortening (concentric) and (ii) lengthening (eccentric) exercises were performed at a velocity of 120°/s through 60° of knee flexion while linear envelope EMG signals were recorded from the surface of the vastus medialis muscle. Force oscillations (12.4 ± 2.8 Hz) were present in all subjects in the first series of eccentric exercises. After 30 min of cooling, the oscillations were eliminated in two subjects and were reduced in number in two others of the five subjects in the experimental group. In contrast, all subjects in the control group still had oscillations when retested after a 30-min rest period. During the eccentric exercises, a synchronous silent period in the EMG tracings was evident just before a decrease in force. Subsequently, the EMG activity resumed and the force increased (force oscillation). Because the force oscillations were of large amplitude and occurred only during eccentric exercise, we conclude that the force oscillations were similar to physiological action tremor. Because the force oscillations and EMG patterns were altered by cooling, the mechanisms that initiate such oscillations during maximal eccentric exercise are suspected to include a neural component.
CNS sites involved in sympathetic and parasympathetic control of the pancreas: a viral tracing study

The viral transneuronal tracing method was used to identify the CNS cell groups that regulate the parasympathetic and sympathetic outflow systems of the pancreas. Pseudorabies virus (PRV) was injected into the pancreas of vagotomized rats and after 6 days survival, the pattern of transneuronal labeling in the CNS sympathetic regulatory regions was determined. The converse experiment was performed in order to elucidate the central parasympathetic cell groups that regulate the pancreas. Immunohistochemical methods were used to identify putative neuropeptide- and catecholamine-containing CNS neurons involved in these regulatory circuits. The major finding of this study indicates that five brain regions, viz., paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, perifornical hypothalamic region, A5 catecholamine cell group, rostral ventrolateral medulla, and lateral paragigantocellular reticular nucleus, contain a considerable amount of overlap in cell body labeling. In addition, the ventrolateral part of the periaqueductal gray matter and gigantocellular reticular nucleus, ventral part also showed a similar overlap, but the numbers of neurons found in these areas were considerably lower than the five major regions. These data suggest that these brain regions may provide parallel and possibly redundant, autonomic pathways affecting glucagon and adrenaline release.
Effects of Environmental Demands, Stress, and Mood on Health Practices

The present study examined how environmental demands, stress, and positive and negative affect were related to health practices. College undergraduates (N = 79) completed measures of stress, mood, and health practices during periods of low and high academic demands. Positive affect was positively related to exercise, nutrition, self-care practices, and overall health practices at two measurement points. Levels of stress (daily hassles, perceived stress, academic stress) increased over time, but increases in daily hassles and perceived stress were unrelated to health practices. Increases in academic demands completed in the previous week were associated with improvements in nutrition and self-care practices, greater drug avoidance, and greater overall health practices. This pattern indicates that a "rebound effect" may occur after high demand periods, during which individuals engage in more health-promoting activities. The results also suggest that the determinants of positive health practices may differ from those of negative health practices.
Muscimol-induced myoclonic jerks in mice

Abstract Muscimol produced myoclonic jerks in mice. The manifestation of this response required a minimum dose of 2 mg/kg (i.p.). These jerks, involving the hind quarter of the animals, commenced after a latent period of 6–10 min, were more or less rhythmic, peaked between 27 and 45 min and slowly tapered off thereafter. The maximum responses seen after 2 and 3 mg/kg (i.p.) doses of muscimol were 48 and 76 jerks per min, respectively. It is not known whether the response to muscimol is spinal in origin or whether a metabolite is involved. This effect of muscimol was not blocked by subconvulsive doses of picrotoxin or bicuculline. Drug interaction studies showed that treatments which resulted in decreased activity of the central norepinephrine system, or which enhanced the activity of the central serotoninergic system, effectively blocked the response to muscimol. The present study has not only brought to light a new aspect of the central action of muscimol, but it also seems that this response may prove to be valuable as an animal model for the evaluation of antimyoclonic drugs. One interesting aspect of this response is that it is strain-specific.
Topological insulators from complex orbital order in transition-metal oxides heterostructures

Topological band insulators which are dynamically generated by electron-electron interactions have been theoretically proposed in two- and three-dimensional lattice models. We present evidence that the two-dimensional version can be stabilized in digital (111) heterostructures of transition-metal oxides as a result of purely local interactions. The topological phases are accompanied by spontaneous ordering of complex orbitals and we discuss their stability with respect to the Hund's rule coupling, Jahn-Teller interaction, and inversion-symmetry breaking terms. As main competitors we identify spin-nematic and magnetic phases.
Exhaled nitric oxide: a marker of pulmonary hemodynamics in heart failure

Abstract Objectives We sought to test the hypothesis that patients with decompensated heart failure (HF) lose a compensatory process whereby nitric oxide (NO) maintains pulmonary vascular tone. Background Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) partially reflects vascular endothelial NO release. Levels of eNO are elevated in patients with compensated HF and correlate inversely with pulmonary artery pressures (PAP), reflecting pulmonary vasodilatory activity. Methods We measured the mean mixed expired NO content of a vital-capacity breath using chemiluminescence in patients with compensated HF (n = 30), decompensated HF (n = 7) and in normal control subjects (n = 90). Pulmonary artery pressures were also measured in patients with HF. The eNO and PAP were determined sequentially during therapy with intravenous vasodilators in patients with decompensated HF (n = 7) and in an additional group of patients with HF (n = 13) before and during administration of milrinone. Results The eNO was higher in patients with HF than in control subjects (9.9 ± 1.1 ppb vs. 6.2 ± 0.4 ppb, p = 0.002) and inversely correlated with PAP (r = −0.81, p Conclusions Elevated eNO may reflect a compensatory circulatory mechanism in HF that is lost in patients with clinically decompensated HF. The eNO may be an easily obtainable and quantifiable measure of the response to therapy in advanced HF.
Eruption of basalt and andesite lava degasses 222Rn and 210Po

Activities of 222Rn and 210Po were measured in a September, 1983, basic andesite lava from Arenal and a November, 1983, basalt from Kilauea, starting 3 and 1 days after eruption, respectively. In both cases, in-growth patterns show that all Rn volatalized during eruption. Po degassing also was complete at Kilauea but only 84±10% at Arenal.
From Jewish Monarch to Virgin Queen: Elizabeth I and the godly queen hester

(2001). From Jewish Monarch to Virgin Queen: Elizabeth I and the godly queen hester. Women's Studies: Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 605-622.
Pressure-induced amorphization in Eu(OH)3: A luminescence study

Abstract The phase behavior of europium hydroxide was investigated as a function of pressure by monitoring the luminescence from the Eu 3+ ion. The spectra suggested that crystalline, UCl 3 -type Eu(OH) 3 transforms to amorphous Eu(OH) 3 at high pressure. This transition started at about 3 GPa at room temperature. The pressure-induced amorphous Eu(OH) 3 reverted back to the original, crystalline, UCl 3 -type structure when the pressure was released. Analysis of the Eu 3+ ion's luminescence spectrum from the amorphous state of Eu(OH) 3 indicated that the site symmetry of the Eu 3+ ion is much lower and that its coordination number does not change significantly from those in crystalline Eu(OH) 3 . The luminescence spectrum from the amorphous phase in the region from about 15700 to 20000 cm −1 suggests the presence of some Eu 2+ ion, which could indicate that the pressure-induced amorphization is accompanied by a partial reduction of the Eu 3+ ion.
Equilirium configurations for an elastic bar in a hard device

Some guidelines are developed for determining the equilibrium configurations of an elastic bar loaded in a hard device.
Assembly history alters alpha and beta diversity, exotic–native proportions and functioning of restored prairie plant communities

Summary 1. Restorations provide a test of community assembly history theory, and practitioners require information on how assembly history might help to restore diverse native species communities. Variation in community assembly history (historical order of species arrival) is hypothesized to generate beta diversity by producing alternate states, but restorations are hindered because there have been few tests using long-term field experiments. 2. We experimentally altered assembly history of native species into formerly exotic-dominated grassland sites while simultaneously removing dispersal limitation to test whether alternate states or a single equilibrium would develop and whether alternate states would generate varying ecosystem-level effects. Assembly history was altered by varying the identity of earlyemerging species, timing of seed additions after disturbance (early-emerging species added in spring or summer) and priority effects (common 30-species seed mixture added either at the same time or after an early-emerging species canopy developed). The experiment was conducted at two sites that differed in productivity. 3. Altering timing and priority effects during assembly history had large effects on species composition and diversity. On average, diversity was highest, and the proportion of exotic species was lowest in plots seeded in spring and without priority effects. Identity of earlyemerging species did not significantly affect community structure. 4. Differences in species composition affected fuel mass, fire temperatures and peak aboveground primary productivity, key ecosystem processes in tallgrass prairie. 5. Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate that grassland communities can reach alternate exotic- or native-dominated states in uniform environments when perennial exotic species are present. These states were strongly affected by timing of native species arrival and priority effects. Thus, assembly history is a key process that can give rise to beta diversity, and our results suggest that native species should be established early in the restoration process before exotics become fully established.
Controlled Spawning of the Neon Tetra

Abstract The neon tetra Paracheirodon innesi is one of the most valuable species in the ornamental fish trade. Most neon tetras available in the United States are imported from Southeast Asia, where they are farm raised, or from South America, where they are collected from the wild. In this study, we describe a method for artificially breeding the neon tetra that can be adapted to domestic commercial production. Broodfish pairs were routinely spawned in acidified, soft water at 25°C (pH, 5.5–6.5, adjusted with phosphoric acid; total alkalinity, 3.2 mg/L, and total hardness, 6.0 mg/L, as CaCO3). The water was also conditioned with humic acids (0.04%). A spawning substrate (nylon brush) was available for egg deposition. Fish reared in the laboratory had a significantly higher number of larvae (82 larvae/female) than broodstock collected from the wild or cultured abroad (28 larvae/female). The domestic population reached sexual maturity at 5–6 months of age, and broodfish pairs produced an average of 82 larv...
How sensitive is climate sensitivity

[1] Estimates of climate sensitivity are typically characterized by highly asymmetric probability density functions (pdfs). The reasons are well known, but the situation leaves open an uncomfortably large possibility that climate sensitivity might exceed 4.5°C. In the contexts of (1) global-mean observations of the Earth's energy budget and (2) a global-mean feedback analysis, we explore what changes in the pdfs of the observations or feedbacks used to estimate climate sensitivity would be needed to remove the asymmetry, or to substantially reduce it, and demonstrate that such changes would be implausibly large. The nonlinearity of climate feedbacks is calculated from a range of studies and is shown also to have very little impact on the asymmetry. The intrinsic relationship between uncertainties in the observed climate forcing and the climate's radiative response to that forcing (i.e., the feedbacks) is emphasized. We also demonstrate that because the pdf of climate forcing is approximately symmetric, there is a strong expectation that the pdf of climate feedbacks should be symmetric as well.
Elevated cortisol and learning and memory deficits in cocaine dependent individuals: Relationship to relapse outcomes

Summary Objective Cocaine dependence is characterized by stress system dysregulation, including elevated cortisol activity, emotional negativity, and behavioral disinhibition. High levels of stress and glucocorticoids are also known to affect learning, memory and executive function. Therefore, we examined the relationships between chronic cocaine use, elevated distress and learning and memory dysfunction in abstinent cocaine dependent (CD) individuals, and whether these measures were associated with cocaine relapse outcomes. Method Stress was assessed in 36 inpatient treatment engaged CD individuals and 36 demographically matched healthy control (HC) participants using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and repeated morning salivary cortisol levels over three consecutive days. The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) was conducted to measure verbal learning, memory, and executive function. Prospective assessment of cocaine use outcomes during 90 days following discharge from inpatient treatment was also conducted. Results CD patients showed higher levels of distress compared to controls in PSS scores and cortisol levels. They also demonstrated a significantly reduced learning curve, and fewer correct responses and more errors on recognition. Elevated cortisol was significantly associated with worse RAVLT performance in CD patients. Poor memory scores, but not distress measures, were significantly associated with greater cocaine use after inpatient treatment. Conclusions These findings are the first to demonstrate that learning and memory deficits in CD individuals are associated with enhanced cortisol and with cocaine use outcomes after inpatient treatment. The findings are consistent with recent addiction models suggesting that chronic cocaine-related neuroadaptations affects learning and memory function, which in turn, influences drug use outcomes.
Modelling the colonisation of maize by toxigenic and non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains: implications for biological control

To successfully exploit biological control it is desirable to understand how the introduced agent colonises the host and interferes with establishment of the pest. This study assessed field colonisation of maize by Aspergillus flavus strains as biological control agents to reduce aflatoxin contamination. Maize (corn, Zea mays L.) ears were inoculated with A. flavus using a pin-bar technique in 2004 and 2005. Non-aflatoxigenic strains K49 (NRRL 30797) & CT3 (NRRL 30798) and toxigenic F3W4 (NRRL 30798) were compared against a carrier control (0.2% aqueous Tween 20). Ten ears were sampled over 12 to 20 days, visually assessed, and curves fit to a three compartment Gompertz equation or other best appropriate regressions. Aflatoxin was determined by HPLC and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) by LC/MS. The Gompertz model describes growth parameters, e.g. growth constant, lag phase and maximum colonisation characterised patterns of maize colonisation for most inoculated treatments. Aflatoxin accumulation in maize inocula...
Using Teacher Ratings to Track the Growth and Development of Young Children Using the Teaching Strategies GOLD® Assessment System

An important consideration in determining the validity of an observational assessment measure for young children is the variability attributed to the child versus that ascribed to the assessor or to some other factor such as classroom context. The Teaching Strategies GOLD® assessment system was used to elicit teacher ratings of a national sample of 21,592 children (age 12-51 months). Teacher ratings of child development and learning were associated in expected directions with both child demographic characteristics and classroom composition variables. Children with disabilities started behind their typically developing peers and grew slower, girls showed an advantage in some areas over boys, and English language learners (ELLs) were rated lower at the beginning of the year and showed some faster rates of growth than their native English-speaking peers.
Seismic Performance of Circular Concrete Filled Steel Tube Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction

This study evaluates the seismic performance of circular concrete filled tube (CCFT) columns in accelerated bridge construction (ABC) projects. CCFT components are considered of interest for bridges subjected to seismic forces due to their efficient structural behavior under combined axial and bending loads: lateral stiffness of the steel tube is increased by the concrete and concrete confinement is provided by the steel tube. This paper addresses the ability of CCFT columns to perform adequately under gravitational and seismic loading before the concrete has reached its design strength. A reduced seismic hazard that accounts for this temporal condition is also implemented. The evaluation of performance is based on the probability of failure of the CCFT column. For this research, a Caltrans bridge used in previous PEER studies is adopted. The performance of a proposed CCFT column is compared to the original circular reinforced concrete (RC) column. Numerical analyses using concentrated plasticity models in OpenSees were used for this evaluation. Experimental data was used to calibrate the deteriorating response of CCFT columns in OpenSees. The analytical model predicts the CCFT column’s behavior under monotonic, static cyclic, and dynamic (seismic) loading. Then, the model was adapted to consider the effects of partial strength concrete to assess the column behavior under the temporary condition of the concrete not having reached full strength. The study accounts for temporary conditions, such as concrete compressive strength lower than the design value, and reduced seismic loads. The results indicate that CCFT columns with partial design concrete compressive strength can be used for ABC because the relatively low decrease in strength is offset by the reduced seismic loads for this temporal condition.
Cyclic Test Comparison of All-Inside Device and Inside-Out Sutures for Radial Meniscus Lesion Repair: An In Vitro Porcine Model Study

Purpose To compare biomechanical fixation and gapping characteristics of a new all-inside meniscus repair method for radial meniscus lesion repair versus conventional inside-out suture repair under submaximal cyclic loading and load-to-failure test conditions. Methods Fresh-frozen porcine tibiae with attached lateral menisci and joint capsules were harvested and stored for 48 hours at −20°C. After thawing for 12 hours, equivalent-size healthy specimens were randomly assigned to 2 groups of 8 specimens each. Standardized radial lesions were repaired with the Sequent device (ConMed Linvatec, Largo, FL) (group 1) or conventional inside-out suturing with No. 2-0 braided polyester suture (group 2). Repaired specimens were placed in custom clamps and mounted on a servohydraulic device. After a 2-N preload, specimens were cycled from 5 to 20 N (0.1 Hz), before undergoing 1,000 submaximal loading cycles between 5 and 20 N (0.5 Hz). A 40-second delay at 100, 500, and 1,000 cycles enabled digital photographs to be taken for gapping measurement determination. Specimens then underwent load-to-failure testing (12.5 mm/s). Fixation failure mode was documented. Results Group displacement did not differ after 1, 100, 500, and 1,000 submaximal loading cycles. Group peak gapping did not differ at 100, 500, and 1,000 submaximal loading cycles. Load at failure and displacement and stiffness during load-to-failure testing did not differ between groups. During load-to-failure testing, all-inside specimens failed by implant dislodgement from the meniscus periphery whereas the inside-out repaired specimens failed by suture rupture. Conclusions Under controlled in vitro biomechanical test conditions, the all-inside device provided radial meniscus lesion fixation that was comparable, but not superior, to conventional inside-out suturing. Clinical Relevance The all-inside radial lateral meniscus lesion repair method may provide comparable fixation to conventional inside-out suturing without the need for additional incisions and their associated neurovascular injury risks.
A two level approach for underwater path planning

This paper proposes a path planning strategy for an underwater vehicle moving in a 3D environment. A free path from an initial point to a goal that takes into account the a priori knowledge on the environment (obstacles and current profile) and copes, in real time, with unexpected obstacles is derived. The planner has a two level structure that combines a high level (HLP) with a low level planner (LLP). The HLP uses the a priori knowledge on the environment to derive a free geometric path defined by the initial location, a set of intermediate way-points and the goal location. This path optimizes the vehicle energy profit from the currents. The LLP implements a potential field based technique to generate the set of vehicle configurations between two consecutive way-points. >
Multi-channel signal subspace processing methods for SAR-MTI

This paper examines coherent signal processing methods for combining the data that are collected via multi-channel airborne radar system for MTI/GMTI. We study the methods that convert multi-channel radar data into dual along-track monopulse SAR signals of the radiated scene. A 2D adaptive filtering method, that projects the data in one synthesized SAR channel into the signal subspace of the other, is used for blind calibration of the monopulse SAR signals and generation of the MTI statistic. The merits of these algorithms are studied using the data from the multi-channel airborne radar measurement (MCARM) system that has been developed by the Air Force Research Laboratory at Rome, New York.
BOLT ANALYSIS BY COMBINED USE OF THE REFLECTIVE AND TRANSMISSION POLARISCOPES

The purpose of this study was accomplished in that a viable method of finding the orientation of the major axis of bending for bolts subjected to complex loading has been determined. Comparison of the results of this procedure with the method used in the previous study indicates that it yields more precise results with little additional effort being required.
CD144 (VE-cadherin) is transiently expressed by fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and endothelial progenitors arise from a common embryonic precursor. However, these populations diverge prior to the onset of definitive hematopoiesis, as HSCs become CD45+ and are thought to lose the expression of endothelial markers. After the onset of definitive hematopoiesis, CD144 (vascular endothelial [VE]–cadherin) has been considered a specific marker of endothelial cells. In contrast, we found that virtually all HSC activity from embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5) fetal liver was CD144+. CD144 expression declined on E16.5 fetal liver HSCs and was absent from adult bone marrow HSCs. This identified a new marker that is differentially expressed between fetal and adult HSCs, and enhanced the purification of HSCs from the E13.5 fetal liver. These results emphasize the close developmental relationship between hematopoietic and endothelial cells, while indicating that CD144 is not a specific marker of endothelial cells during fetal development.
Latency antibiotics in preterm premature rupture of membranes: Are they still indicated?

THEY STILL INDICATED? EVA PRESSMAN, CARLA KOVACS, University of Rochester, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rochester, New York OBJECTIVE: Prior studies have indicated that antibiotics for the prolongation of latency in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) lead to improved neonatal outcomes. These studies were done prior to widespread use of tocolytics, antenatal steroids andGroupB streptococcus (GBS)prophylaxis in patientswithPPROM.The purpose of our study is todeterminewhether the use of latency antibiotics improves outcomes in current obstetrical practice. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of subjects with PPROM at 18 to 34 weeks from 2002 to 2006. Use of latency antibiotics for PPROM became common in 2004 at our institution. Data were collected on gestational age (GA) at PPROM and the use of latency antibiotics, tocolytics, GBS prophylaxis, and steroids. Primary outcomes were latency until delivery and NICU length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included chorioamnionitis, neonatal sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage and neonatal death. Continuous data were analyzed with t-tests and categorical data with Chi square. RESULTS: We identified 207 subjects; 69 received latency antibiotics and 138 did not. The groups were similar with respect to GA at PPROM (29.4 vs 30.2 wks) and administration of tocolytics (74% vs 71%), GBS prophylaxis (84% vs 89%) and steroids (81% vs 73%), pO0.05 for all. We found no differences in either latency (15.3 vs 15.7 days, p=0.93) or NICU LOS (26.2 vs 30.6 days, p=0.27), or in any of the secondary outcomes. Post hoc power analysis revealed 93% power to detect a 7 day difference in latency and 81% power to detect a 7 day difference in NICU LOS. CONCLUSION: Unlike prior studies, we did not find prolonged latency or improved neonatal outcome in PPROM subjects who received latency antibiotics. Our population differs from prior study populations in the routine use of antenatal steroids, tocolytics and antibiotics for GBS prophylaxis. Our findings draw into question the need for latency antibiotics in PPROM patients who are receiving these therapies.
Elevated intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP inhibited serum‐stimulated, density‐arrested BALB/c‐3T3 cells in mid G1

The stimulation of DNA synthesis in quiescent, density-arrested BALB/c-3T3 cells by platelet-derived growth factor in plasma-supplemented medium was inhibited by the presence of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) and cholera toxin, although neither IBMX or cholera toxin when used alone inhibited the stimulation of DNA synthesis. The cells were reversibly inhibited in mid G1 at a point 6 hr prior to the initiation of DNA synthesis. The inhibition of cell cycle traverse was associated with a 10-15 fold increase in cellular cyclic AMP concentration over basal levels. The reversal of this inhibition by removal of IBMX was correlated with a dramatic decrease in cyclic AMP levels. The traverse of G1 and the initiation of DNA synthesis after release from the cholera toxin and IBMX inhibition was dependent on the presence of plasma in the medium. Either somatomedin C (10-20 ng/ml) or insulin (10(-6)-10(-5) M) completely replaced the plasma requirement for late G1 progression and entry into S phase. Once the inhibited cells were released from the IBMX and cholera toxin block a subsequent increase in cyclic AMP did not prevent entry into S phase. The presence of cholera toxin alone inhibited the stimulation of human dermal fibroblasts. The elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP levels in the human dermal fibroblasts by cholera toxin was two to three fold greater than that found in the BALB/c-3T3 cells in the presence of cholera toxin and the IBMX.
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma of the oral cavity presenting as gingival mass: Report of the histopathologic and molecular characteristics of an unusual case featuring clonal T-cell receptor γ gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare neoplastic process constituting 15% to 20% of peripheral T-cell lymphomas. We report the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of an unusual intraoral manifestation of AITL. A 35-year-old white man with a history of AITL presented with a 2.5-cm, poorly circumscribed, erythematous, exophytic lesion occupying the free and attached buccal gingiva of the right maxillary lateral incisor and canine. Histopathologically, the tumor showed diffuse and intense polymorphic infiltration by small to medium-sized lymphocytes admixed with numerous eosinophils. The neoplastic cells showed strong and diffuse reactivity for CD2, CD3, CD4, CD10, and PD-1 (programmed cell death 1 [PDCD1]). Rare immunopositivity was seen with BCL6 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6) and CXCL13 (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 13). Neoplastic cells were negative for CD7 and EBER ISH (Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization). CD21 did not show any increased follicular dendritic cell component. Polymerase chain reaction-based assay found monoclonal T-cell receptor γ (TRG) gene rearrangements. Diagnosis of recurrent/residual AITL was rendered. Chemotherapy was administered, with the intraoral tumor resolving completely 3 months later.
A DENTAL CURRICULUM WITH CONCERN FOR AGING ADULTS‐PART I: REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE THERAPY

This article attributes the growing numbers of partially edentulous (toothless) aging adults to improved dental prevention and treatment. It briefly describes innovative aspects of the self‐paced modular curriculum at the University of Florida College of Dentistry and the specific didactic curriculum for removable partial denture therapy. A multi‐disciplinary module which permits students to visit local nursing homes and gain experience interacting with residents and staff is discussed. The competency‐based clinical behavioral objectives in use at the college are also described.
ParalleX: A Study of A New Parallel Computation Model

This paper proposes the study of a new computation model that attempts to address the underlying sources of performance degradation (e.g. latency, overhead, and starvation) and the difficulties of programmer productivity (e.g. explicit locality management and scheduling, performance tuning, fragmented memory, and synchronous global barriers) to dramatically enhance the broad effectiveness of parallel processing for high end computing. In this paper, we present the progress of our research on a parallel programming and execution model - mainly, ParalleX. We describe the functional elements of ParalleX, one such model being explored as part of this project. We also report our progress on the development and study of a subset of ParalleX $the LITL-X at University of Delaware. We then present a novel architecture model - Gilgamesh II - as a ParalleX processing architecture. A design point study of Gilgamesh II and the architecture concept strategy are presented.
Sensor system design for building indoor air protection

During the past several years, many new biological and chemical sensors have been or are being developed for infrastructure and environment protection, such as protecting water, indoor and outdoor air quality. However, there is a lack of fundamental system level research that develops the methodologies to optimize such a sensor network to maximize the protection and minimize the system cost. This paper describes a preliminary study to address the above questions. In this study, the evaluation criteria for a sensor system that is used to protect a building from airborne hazards are identified. Common building attack scenarios are described and simulated for a small commercial building. Genetic Algorithm is applied for each attack scenario to optimize the sensor sensitivity, location, and amount to achieve the best system behavior while reduce the total system cost. Assuming that each attack scenario has the same occurrence possibility, optimal system designs that present the best behavior for all attacking scenario are obtained.
Designing with Empathy: Humanizing Narratives for Inspired Healthcare Experiences

Objective:Designers can and should play a critical role in shaping a holistic healthcare experience by creating empathetic design solutions that foster a culture of care for patients, families, and staff. Using narrative inquiry as a design tool, this case study shares strategies for promoting empathy.Background:Designing for patient-centered care infuses empathy into the creative process. Narrative inquiry offers a methodology to think about and create empathetic design that enhances awareness, responsiveness, and accountability.Methods:This article shares discoveries from a studio on empathetic design within an outpatient cancer care center. The studio engaged students in narrative techniques throughout the design process by incorporating aural, visual, and written storytelling. Benchmarking, observations, and interviews were merged with data drawn from scholarly evidence-based design literature reviews.Results:Using an empathy-focused design process not only motivated students to be more engaged in the...
Dissolved organic nitrogen in urban streams: Biodegradability and molecular composition studies.

Abstract A portion of the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is biodegradable in water bodies, yet our knowledge of the molecular composition and controls on biological reactivity of DON is limited. Our objective was to investigate the biodegradability and molecular composition of DON in streams that drain a gradient of 19–83% urban land use. Weekly sampling over 21 weeks suggested no significant relationship between urban land use and DON concentration. We then selected two streams that drain 28% and 83% urban land use to determine the biodegradability and molecular composition of the DON by coupling 5-day bioassay experiments with high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Both urban streams contained a wide range of N-bearing biomolecular formulas and had >80% DON in lignin-like compounds, with only 5–7% labile DON. The labile DON consisted mostly of lipid-and protein-like structures with high H/C and low O/C values. Comparison of reactive formulas and formed counterparts during the bioassay experiments indicated a shift toward more oxygenated and less saturated N-bearing DON formulas due to the microbial degradation. Although there was a little net removal (5–7%) of organic-bound N over the 5-day bioassay, there was some change to the carbon skeleton of DON compounds. These results suggest that DON in urban streams contains a complex mixture of compounds such as lipids, proteins, and lignins of variable chemical structures and biodegradability.
Chemistry of Soft Rubber Vulcanization. V. Treatment of Dilute Rubber Cements with Sulfur Chloride

Abstract PREVIOUS investigations (5, 6, 7, 8) indicated that vulcanization of rubber involves the establishment of a mechanical structure in the mass. This structure is apparently produced by changes in the hydrocarbon brought about by two chemical reactions: (a) addition of the vulcanizing agent and (b) a reaction of the hydrocarbon catalyzed by the vulcanizing agent. The experiments reported in this paper are concerned with the effect of sulfur chloride on the viscosity of dilute rubber cements under various conditions and with the solubilities of films obtained by evaporating cements treated with sulfur chloride. Consideration of the results has suggested a new interpretation of the nature of vulcanization. Experiments of a somewhat similar type have been reported by Bernstein (1, 2, 3), Fromandi (4), Kirchhof (10, 11), LeBlanc and Kroger (12, 13), Porritt (16), and Weber (18). In most of their investigations they used 100 per cent by weight of sulfur monochloride on the rubber. Since ordinary cold-cur...
Double-Concave Binding of Bicorannulenyl Dianion: Cesium vs Lithium Salts

The first X-ray structural characterization of bicorannulenyl dianion has been accomplished for two alkali metal salts, [Li+(THF)4]2[C40H182–] (1) and [Cs+(18-crown-6)]2[C40H182–] (2). This crystallographic study revealed the biaryl stereochemistry, geometry transformation upon acquiring two electrons, and different binding preferences of Li+ vs Cs+ ions in the solid-state products.
The hemodynamic actions of N-acetylprocainamide in dogs: kinetics of effects and plasma concentration--response relationships.

SummaryThe hemodynamic actions of N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) were investigated in anesthetized, open chest dogs. NAPA pharmacokinetics and effects were correlated for 2 hr after a 15-min NAPA infusion (60 mg/kg) to five nonpaced dogs and four cardiac-paced dogs. Four control dogs received NAPA diluent for comparison. NAPA infusion in nonpaced dogs decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 26.5 ± 7.1% (mean ± SE) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) by 15.0 ± 3.7%, but increased myocardial contractile force (MCF) by 33.5 ± 7.5% and reduced heart rate 18.5 ± 3.2%. Significant differences from controls persisted 18, 28, 32, and 60 min for MCF, MAP, TPR, and heart rate, respectively. The changes in TPR were multiphasic and appeared to result from a combination of drug-induced vasodilation and compensatory reflex vasoconstriction. In NAPA-paced dogs, MCF was increased similarly by 31.6 ± 5.3%. MAP and TPR decreased by 33.5 ± 5.3 and 29.1 ± 11.8%, respectively. The magnitude and duration of the latter effects...
Hygienic Evaluation of Classrooms in Primary and Middle Schools in Shunyi District of Beijing

[Objective]To understand the health status of classrooms in primary and middle schools in Shunyi district,explore the problems and solutions. [Methods]74 primary and middle schools in Shunyi district were involved,2 classrooms were selected from each school,and a total of 148 classrooms were tested. [Results]The qualified rate of classroom areas per capita was 95.27%.The coincidence rate of desk and chair was 37.03% and 50.81% respectively.The qualified rate of classrooms illumination was 94.59%.The qualified rate of average illumination of desk and blackboard was 48.65% and 8.11% respectively.The qualified rate of environmental noise and carbon dioxide concentration was 85.14% and 87.16% respectively. [Conclusion]Most of hygienic indices of classrooms in primary and middle schools were satisfactory,but there were some problems in coincidence rate of desk and chair,classrooms illumination.The health department should further strengthen health technical guidance and management in schools.
On conservation laws of Navier–Stokes Galerkin discretizations

Abstract We study conservation properties of Galerkin methods for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, without the divergence constraint strongly enforced. In typical discretizations such as the mixed finite element method, the conservation of mass is enforced only weakly, and this leads to discrete solutions which may not conserve energy, momentum, angular momentum, helicity, or vorticity, even though the physics of the Navier–Stokes equations dictate that they should. We aim in this work to construct discrete formulations that conserve as many physical laws as possible without utilizing a strong enforcement of the divergence constraint, and doing so leads us to a new formulation that conserves each of energy, momentum, angular momentum, enstrophy in 2D, helicity and vorticity (for reference, the usual convective formulation does not conserve most of these quantities). Several numerical experiments are performed, which verify the theory and test the new formulation.
Privatizing Walter Benjamin: Agape, Nietzsche, and Academic Neoliberalism

[H]ow incommensurate he remained with existing conditions and how unassimilable.—Theodor W. Adorno, “Benjamin the Letter Writer”For scholars addicted to the study of art, culture, and history, Walt...
Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma is a rare but a devastating disease. It overlaps morphologically and immunohistologically with a variety of small blue round cell tumors. It may present as a diagnostic pitfall mimicking a neuroendocrine carcinoma when neuroendocrine differentiation is expressed in conjunction with cytokeratin aberrant expression. Majority of the tumor harbor the hallmark molecular translocation, which can be tested to confirm the diagnosis. New immunohistochemical markers such as ERG, FLI1, and NKX2 are also necessary for achieving the diagnosis.
Exploring Gender Differences in a Randomized Trial of Weight Loss Maintenance.

The purpose of this study is to explore gender differences in reasons for losing weight, weight loss methods, and weight loss behaviors prior to and during a weight loss maintenance trial. This is a secondary analysis of data from a 24-month randomized controlled trial comparing Self-Directed or Guided phone-based weight loss maintenance interventions among adults who had intentionally lost ≥10% of their body weight in the year prior to enrollment. Participants reported their weight loss methods and reasons for recently losing weight at baseline. Dietary intake, physical activity, and dietary patterns were assessed at baseline, 12, and 24 months. Participants included 419 adults (18.4% men, age 47.0 ± 10.8, BMI 28.4 ± 5.0). Women were more likely than men to report having used an organized weight loss program during their weight loss (55.9% vs. 24.7%, p .05). Men reported higher energy intake than women while physical activity was similar. Although more men self-directed their initial weight loss and more women utilized organized weight loss programs, behaviors reported during weight loss maintenance were similar. Futures studies are needed to understand if these results generalize to other men who have successfully lost weight and are participants in other weight loss maintenance interventions.
The Impact of Adding a Physician Assistant to a Critical Care Outreach Team.

Rationale Hospitals are increasingly using critical care outreach teams (CCOTs) to respond to patients deteriorating outside intensive care units (ICUs). CCOT staffing is variable across hospitals and optimal team composition is unknown. Objectives To assess whether adding a critical care medicine trained physician assistant (CCM-PA) to a critical care outreach team (CCOT) impacts clinical and process outcomes. Methods We performed a retrospective study of two cohorts—one with a CCM-PA added to the CCOT (intervention hospital) and one with no staffing change (control hospital)—at two facilities in the same system. All adults in the emergency department and hospital for whom CCOT consultation was requested from October 1, 2012-March 16, 2013 (pre-intervention) and January 5-March 31, 2014 (post-intervention) were included. We performed difference-in-differences analyses comparing pre- to post-intervention periods in the intervention versus control hospitals to assess the impact of adding the CCM-PA to the CCOT. Measurements and Main Results Our cohort consisted of 3,099 patients (control hospital: 792 pre- and 595 post-intervention; intervention hospital: 1114 pre- and 839 post-intervention). Intervention hospital patients tended to be younger, with fewer comorbidities, but with similar severity of acute illness. Across both periods, hospital mortality (p = 0.26) and hospital length of stay (p = 0.64) for the intervention vs control hospitals were similar, but time-to-transfer to the ICU was longer for the intervention hospital (13.3–17.0 vs 11.5–11.6 hours, p = 0.006). Using the difference-in-differences approach, we found a 19.2% reduction (95 confidence interval: 6.7%-31.6%, p = 0.002) in the time-to-transfer to the ICU associated with adding the CCM-PA to the CCOT; we found no difference in hospital mortality (p = 0.20) or length of stay (p = 0.52). Conclusions Adding a CCM-PA to the CCOT was associated with a notable reduction in time-to-transfer to the ICU; hospital mortality and length of stay were not impacted.
359. Gene Transfer of the Na, K-ATPase beta1 Subunit and Occludin Using Electroporation Rescues Lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-Induced Acute Lung Injury

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by acute respiratory failure and associated with diverse disorders. Gene therapy is a potentially powerful approach to treat ALI and ARDS through repair of alveolar epithelial function. We previously showed that electroporation-mediated gene transfer of the b1 subunit of the Na,K-ATPase to the lung not only increased alveolar fluid clearance, but also improved epithelium/endothelium barrier functions via up-regulation of tight junction proteins to provide partial treatment of lipopolysaccaride- (LPS-) injured lungs. To further investigate if we could improve treatment, we co-delivered plasmids expressing occludin, which is the one of major constituents of tight junctions located at the plasma membrane. Lung injury was induced 1 day before gene delivery by intratracheal administration of LPS (5 mg/kg) and assessed by wet-to-dry ratios, histological analysis, myeloperoxidase (MPO) measurement, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein levels and cellularity. Delivery of b1-Na,K-ATPase and occludin alone or in combination using electroporation treated previously injured lungs in a mouse model, compared to the control plasmid pCDNA3. However, combined gene transfer of b1-Na,K-ATPase and occludin only provided similar treatment benefit to either gene delivery of b1-Na,K-ATPase or occludin alone although the expression of tight junction proteins had been increased. These results demonstrate that both b1-Na,K-ATPase and occludin regulate formation of tight junctions in severely injured lungs and thus may play a critical role in the treatment of ALI/ARDS. It indicates that epithelial or endothelial barrier functions may be involved in the treatment of ALI/ARDS.
Acute Alterations in Phosphoinositide Turnover

In the developing nervous system, selected excitatory amino acid (EAA) recognition sites are coupled to activation of phospholipase C, the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane inositol phospholipids (PPI) (Nicoletti et al., 1986b; Sladeczek et al., 1985). Phospholipase C-mediated phosphodiesteratic cleavage of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate yields the two potent intracellular second-messenger molecules inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (Ber-ridge and Irvine, 1984; Berridge et al, 1982; Fisher and Agranoff, 1987).
Improvements in the Development of Models for Monitoring & Detection

Abstract Producing a uniform product is important for maintaining a competitive position, reducing the number of shutdowns and startups, and eliminating of the sources of variability. This work shows that the development of effective monitoring models can be improved greatly with the addition of pre-filtering using a median filter and time-scale decomposition using a multi-resolution wavelet function prior to analysis by multivariate statistical methods. Data taken from a complex industrial chemical process are used to demonstrate these concepts.