cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comparing Multistatic with Monostatic Super-Resolution Array Processing Techniques: Detection of Random Targets

Conventional MUSIC (multiple signal classification) method, which is a well-known super-resolution technique that employs a monostatic configuration, degrades severely when the multiple targets are deterministic because the rank of the covariance matrix collapses to the value of one regardless of the number of targets. FRM (frequency response matrix), with its multistatic configuration, is also a super-resolution technique and can complement MUSIC in the target randomness spectrum. This paper demonstrates that conventional MUSIC performs better for targets with strongly random (complex) amplitudes and FRM performs better for target with weakly random amplitudes (best for deterministic amplitudes)
90/spl deg/ domains and coupling in Co/Cu giant magnetoresistance superlattices on Si(100) substrates

Giant magnetoresistance and interlayer coupling in Co/Cu superlattices grown by e-beam evaporation have been investigated with the combined three-axis magneto-optical Kerr effect, magnetotransport measurements, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Correlations between 90/spl deg/ alignment of the magnetization in adjacent layers and magnetoresistance oscillation curves suggest that the GMR in superlattices with imperfect interfaces results from 90/spl deg/ relative orientation of domains in adjacent Co layers.
High-fidelity simulation enhances pediatric residents' retention, knowledge, procedural proficiency, group resuscitation performance, and experience in pediatric resuscitation.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the effect of high-fidelity simulation (HFS) pediatric resuscitation training on resident performance and self-reported experience compared with historical controls. Methods: In this case-control study, pediatric residents at a tertiary academic children’s hospital participated in a 16-hour HFS resuscitation curriculum. Primary outcome measures included cognitive knowledge, procedural proficiency, retention, and self-reported comfort and procedural experience. The intervention group was compared with matched-pair historical controls. Results: Forty-one residents participated in HFS training with 32 matched controls. The HFS group displayed significant initial and overall improvement in knowledge (P Conclusions: Despite significant skill decay, HFS pediatric resuscitation training improved pediatric resident cognitive knowledge, procedural proficiency, and comfort. Residents who completed the course were not only more proficient than historical controls but also reported increased real-life resuscitation experiences and related procedures.
Smad1 and Smad8 function similarly in mammalian central nervous system development.

Smads 1, 5, and 8 are the intracellular mediators for the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which play crucial roles during mammalian development. Previous research has shown that Smad1 is important in the formation of the allantois, while Smad5 has been shown to be critical in the process of angiogenesis. To further analyze the BMP-responsive Smads, we disrupted the murine Smad8 gene utilizing the Cre/loxP system. A Smad8 hypomorphic allele (Smad8Δexon3) was constructed that contains an in-frame deletion of exon 3, removing one-third of the MH2 domain and a small portion of the linker region. Xenopus injection assays indicated that this Smad8 deletion allele is still functional but has reduced ventralizing capability compared to the wild type. Although Smad8Δexon3/Δexon3 embryos are phenotypically normal, homozygotes of another hypomorphic allele of Smad8 (Smad83loxP) containing a neomycin cassette within intron 3, phenocopy an embryonic brain defect observed in roughly 22% of Smad1+/− embryos analyzed at embryonic day 11.5. These observations suggest that BMP-responsive Smads have critical functions in the development of the mammalian central nervous system.
Dementia Research in the Nursing Home

Dr. Eth's Introduction: Ethical problems abound in the practice of geriatric psychiatry, in part as a consequence of a vulnerable patient population commonly presenting with cognitive impairment. The particular concern for preserving a patient's moral integrity is intensified when that patient experiences the erosion of self-determination associated with nursing home placement. In this month's column Robert Abrams, M.D., examines the ethical issues of competence, autonomy, and protection in the context of conducting dementia research with nursing home patients.
Obesity as a risk factor for premenstrual syndrome.

Purpose: To determine the association between obesity and Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a random-digit dialing method. The sampling frame consisted of all possible area codes, exchanges, and 4-digit suffixes in Virginia. A total of 874 women between the ages of 18–44 residing in the state of Virginia between August 1 and September 15, 1994 were interviewed. Cases were defined as women who reported severe or extreme PMS symptom changes using the Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form. The main exposure variable was obesity as measured by Body Mass Index.Results: The prevalence of PMS in Virginia was 10.3 percent. Obese women (BMI ⩾ 30) had nearly a three-fold increased risk for PMS than non-obese women OR = 2.8 (95% CI = 1.1, 7.2). PMS was more prevalent among whites, younger women, and smokers.Conclusion: This data provided evidence that obesity is strongly associated with PMS. Since obesity is a modifiable risk factor, PMS management strategies should no...
Effects of Dietary p,p′-DDT and p,p′-DDE on Egg Production and Egg Shell Characteristics of Japanese Quail Receiving an Adequate Calcium Diet

Abstract We reported earlier that Japanese quail fed a low (0.56%) calcium diet containing 100 p.p.m. p,p′-DDT laid eggs with thinner shells and less calcium in the shell (Bitman et al., 1969). Since the effect of the DDT might be augmented by the calcium stress during egg laying, the present study follows the effects of DDT and DDE on egg production and egg shell quality in Japanese quail fed an adequate calcium diet. PROCEDURE Forty-two virgin Japanese quail, 39 days old were distributed randomly into three groups of fourteen and placed in individual cages on a regime of 14 hours light and 10 hours dark. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The control group received a diet containing 2.7% calcium. Nelson et al. (1964) reported 2.5 to 3% calcium to be adequate for breeding Coturnix quail. The groups on p,p′-DDT or p,p′-DDE received the same diet modified by the addition…
Analysis of the momentum LMS algorithm

Several modifications of the well-known LMS algorithm have been proposed for improved operation. This work analyzes one such algorithm that corresponds to the standard LMS algorithm with an additional update term, parameterized by the scalar factor alpha where mod alpha mod >
MKPLS: Manifold Kernel Partial Least Squares for Lipreading and Speaker Identification

Visual speech recognition is a challenging problem, due to confusion between visual speech features. The speaker identification problem is usually coupled with speech recognition. Moreover, speaker identification is important to several applications, such as automatic access control, biometrics, authentication, and personal privacy issues. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for lip reading and speaker identification. We propose a new approach for manifold parameterization in a low-dimensional latent space, where each manifold is represented as a point in that space. We initially parameterize each instance manifold using a nonlinear mapping from a unified manifold representation. We then factorize the parameter space using Kernel Partial Least Squares (KPLS) to achieve a low-dimension manifold latent space. We use two-way projections to achieve two manifold latent spaces, one for the speech content and one for the speaker. We apply our approach on two public databases: AVLetters and OuluVS. We show the results for three different settings of lip reading: speaker independent, speaker dependent, and speaker semi-dependent. Our approach outperforms for the speaker semi-dependent setting by at least 15% of the baseline, and competes in the other two settings.
Self-diffusion of a polystyrene-polyisoprene block copolymer

Forced Rayleigh scattering (FRS) has been used to measure the self-diffusion coefficient, D, of a lamellar-forming polystyrene-polyisoprene diblock copolymer (M PS = 1.0 x 10 4 , M PI = 1.3 x 10 4 ) as a function of temperature. The measurements traverse the order-disorder transition (ODT), which occurs at 160°C. There is no obvious change in either D or the temperature dependence of D at the ODT, in agreement with measurements on several other systems. Electron microscopy confirms that the sample in the ordered state is quenched, with no long-range orientation of lamellae, and a typical grain size well below 1 μm. In contrast to previous measurements on a similar styrene-isoprene diblock, these FRS signals are well-described by single exponential decays ; this may be largely attributed to differences in average grain size. The temperature dependence of D is modeled with several empirical expressions, based on the known monomeric friction factors for pure polystyrene and pure polyisoprene, but without quantitative success. These results underscore the need for a greater understanding of the composition and temperature dependences of local friction in polymer mixtures.
Energy-constrained task mapping and scheduling in wireless sensor networks

Collaboration among sensors through parallel processing mechanisms emerges as a promising solution to achieve high processing power in resource-restricted wireless sensor networks (WSN). Although task mapping and scheduling in wired networks of processors has been well studied in the past, their application to WSNs remains largely unexplored. Due to the limitations of WSNs, existing algorithms cannot be directly implemented in WSNs. In this paper, a task mapping and scheduling solution for energy-constrained applications in WSNs, energy-constrained task mapping and scheduling (EcoMapS), is presented. EcoMapS incorporates channel modeling, concurrent task mapping, communication and computation scheduling, and sensor failure handling algorithm. The performance of EcoMapS is evaluated through simulations with randomly generated directed acyclic graphs (DAG). Simulation results show significant performance improvements compared with an existing mechanism in terms of minimizing schedule lengths subject to energy consumption constrains
An experimental study of the parallel and oblique vortex shedding from circular cylinders

An experimental study of the origin of oblique vortex shedding in the laminar wake of circular cylinders was conducted in the range of Reynolds numbers from 40 to 160. Two transverse circular cylinders were positioned upstream of the main shedding cylinder to control the angle of shedding from the main cylinder. The respective distances between each transverse cylinder and the main cylinder were used to induce oblique shedding of different angles, curved shedding, as well as parallel shedding. Measurements of the mean static pressure distribution in the base region of the cylinder and of the mean spanwise component of the velocity in the wake were taken. These measurements revealed that a non-symmetric pressure distribution, which induced a spanwise flow in the base region of the cylinder, was responsible for the oblique shedding. By using a simple model based on the ratio of the streamwise to the spanwise vorticity components, the angle of shedding was predicted within 2" of the value measured from flow visualization. The vorticity was simply evaluated from the spanwise and streamwise velocity profiles of oblique vortex streets obtained with the LDV measurement technique. Parallel vortex shedding showed a symmetric pressure distribution with zero spanwise component of the velocity and zero cross-shear in the cylinder base. It was shown that parallel vortex shedding results in a continuous Strouhal-Reynolds number curve.
Abstract 4882: Loss of p300 reduces miR-let-7c and enhances ER-positive breast cancer cell tumorigenicity

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been extensively studied as potential anticancer treatments and several are currently in clinical trials. p300 is a nuclear histone acetyltransferase that is an important coordinator of multiple transcription-dependent cellular processes. HDAC inhibitors may directly and indirectly increase the activity of p300. The role of p300 is dependent on cell context but most or all of its biological activity stems from its ability to acetylate histones or non-histone nucleoproteins including p53, HSP) which regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Whether p300 acts as a tumor suppressor or promoter is controversial, and its role in estrogen positive breast cancer remains to be defined, however, structural studies indicate that it has significant potential as a target for small molecule therapy. To address this issue, we have used a lentiviral approach to achieve 60-70% stable knockdown (KD) of p300 levels in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer lines MCF-7 and BT 474 respectively. Growth curve and FACS analysis showed that loss of p300 shortened doubling times and increased G2 phase cells in both lines. Xenograft tumors formed from p300 KD cells were on average about three times larger at six weeks post implantation than control tumors (p<0.05). H&E and CD31 staining showed that p300 KD xenograft tumors have a more aggressive phenotype with increased vascularity. In searching for targets of p300 that might regulate its anti-tumor effect, we observed that the microRNA miR-let-7c was downregulated in p300-depleted MCF-7 and BT474 cells. Consistent with this, the miR-let-7c target N-Ras was up-regulated in both p300 KD cell lines and in p300 KD xenograft tumors, and adenovirus-mediated over-expression of p300 caused downregulation of N-RAS. Finally, gene expression analysis showed that loss of p300 resulted in upregulation of E-cadherin, laminin, collagen, IL-6, IFN, TGF-β and components of the Wnt signaling pathway, indicating a shift from epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype. Our data show that p300 loss or inactivation results in altered transcription patterns and suppression of anti-tumor microRNAs, including let-7, and may induce a more invasive and potentially metastatic phenotype. We conclude that p300 likely acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and that activation of p300 may contribute to the anti-tumor effects of TSA. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4882.
ANALYSIS OF THE pH-DEPENDENT EQUILIBRIUM RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE GUANINE OXIDATION PRODUCTS 5-GUANIDINOHYDANTOIN AND IMINOALLANTOIN

Oxidation of 2’-deoxyguanosine (dG) results in the major two-electron product 8oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (dOG) that can undergo further oxidation to other products. One such product is 5-guanidinohydantoin (dGh) that is highly mutagenic and has been found in vivo. The ring architecture of dGh is similar to allantoin, an oxidation product of uric acid. Allantoin establishes equilibrium between two constitutional isomers in solution. Therefore, we hypothesize that dGh could establish a similar equilibrium with its constitutional isomer iminoallantoin (dIa).
Who Is Our Neighbor? Toward a Multilevel and Cross-National Roadmap for Building Community Capacity

The acceptance of diversity in neighborhood contexts has far-reaching implications across the developed and developing world, and it bears directly on social justice. Additionally, practitioners not only frequently work in diverse communities, but aim to build community capacity in such settings. Using a multilevel framework, this project quantitatively examines diverse neighbor acceptance across and within 70 nations. Results show that individual-level human capital and democratic institutions at the national level are driving forces behind diverse neighbor acceptance. Working toward a roadmap for building community capacity, the article highlights the multilevel nature of diverse neighbor acceptance in a cross-national context.
An Assessment of SBIRT Prescreening and Screening Outcomes by Medical Setting and Administration Methodology.

Background:Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is an efficacious prevention practice. However, little research has assessed differences in prescreening outcomes between...
Surface oxygen micropatterns on glow discharge polymer targets by photo irradiation

Recent simulations predict surface oxygen may be a significant source of disruptive perturbations in the implosion process of glow-discharge polymers (GDP) ablators at the National Ignition Facility. GDP material held in ambient atmospheric conditions showed an increase in mass when stored in light transparent containers, which suggests that photo exposure is a driving force for oxygen absorption. To investigate if surface oxygen is a contributing factor of disruptive perturbations during implosion, a method to imprint a periodic micropattern of oxygen on the surface of GDP was developed and used to fabricate a flat sample for empirical testing. Photo exposure using collimated blue light was used to generate micropatterns of surface oxygen on the GDP material. The periodic oxygen micropattern was confirmed by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy. A SIMS depth profile showed the atomic percent of oxygen ranged from 8 at. % near the surface to 1 at. % at a depth of 2 μm ...
“My Life Belongs to Me”: Exemplifications of Personal Agency in the Lives of Two African Refugees in Sicily

There is an interesting dynamic whenever I, the researcher, approach a refugee to interview. Often I meet the refugee when he is in a state of shock or high agitation, as many are upon their arrival in the refugee camps. Showing some resistance to questioning can be seen as a good sign, as the refugee begins to show some discernment toward to whom he will tell his story with an understanding that he is under no obligation to do so. This is in contrast to those who are very compliant, often telling a similar tale to so many others, something that I call the “voyage story,” a narrative that speaks of the physical trials of passage, but usually none of the feelings or emotions that go with them. In the poems that follow, two refugees exemplify personal agency, though in different ways.
Primary herpetic vulvovaginitis.

SummaryPrimary, herpetic vulvovaginitis may be a clinically distinctive disease. Isolation of the virus from 3 cases and immunological data establishing the probable primary nature of the infection in each have been presented.
Mating System and Reproductive Biology of Malachite Sunbirds

The Old World sunbirds (Nectariniidae) are essentially ecological equivalents of the New World hummingbirds (Trochilidae). Most male hummingbirds do not contribute to the nesting effort, except by providing genes, producing associated specializations in mating behavior and pair bonding (D. Snow 1963, Orians 1969, B. Snow 1973, 1974, Wolf 1975a). Sunbirds normally are monogamous and have a pair bond that apparently lasts throughout all or most of the breeding season (Skead 1967). However, very little is known about the breeding biology of sunbirds. This report documents some aspects of the reproductive biology of the Malachite Sunbird (Nectarinia famosa) in Kenya and provides some preliminary comparison of the mating systems of the two families of birds.
The Search of New Cancer Biomarkers: Moving Forward

Copyright: © 2013 Padmanabhan A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Despite our recent strides in basic research and drug discovery, cancer continues to remain a leading cause for disease-associated mortality worldwide. The absence of effective treatment modalities for most advanced tumors has made the fight against cancer a daunting task. Although many cancers are treatable if detected early, the early detection of cancer has not been trivial due to the complexity and heterogeneity of various tumors. Our failures to control most advanced tumors have highlighted the urgent need to identify novel biomarkers that enable early diagnosis, staging and prognosis. Unfortunately despite our efforts the progress on this front has fallen short of expectations thereby warranting a need to revisit our extant biomarker discovery strategies.
A study of the effectiveness of the Gifts of the Seven Directions Alcohol Prevention Model for Native Americans: Culturally sustaining education for Native American adolescents

Abstract The Gifts of the Seven Directions education program is a culturally responsive framework designed to empower Native American youth and their parents and to cultivate life skills. The intervention focuses on emotional awareness and expression in the context of family and community relationships. Native American conceptualizations involve a holistic integration of mental, spiritual, physical and emotional dimensions. Participants reported pride in being Native American, appreciated the validation and support from family and communities, and felt like they learned about drug and alcohol problems and healing.
Necrotizing retinopathy with herpes zoster ophthalmicus: A light and electron microscopical study

A necrotizing retinopathy following a vesicular cutaneous eruption in the distribution of the right trigeminal nerve developed in a patient who had been receiving systemic corticosteroid therapy one week prior to the onset of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Seven weeks after the herpetic symptoms began, the patient died of pneumonia following an intracerebral hematoma. At postmortem examination, unexpected multiple focal and confluent lesions, which corresponded to areas of extensive retinal necrosis, were observed in the fundus of the right eye. Intranuclear inclusions with a perinuclear halo were identified within the affected sensory retina. Electron microscopy of the retinal lesions disclosed round to oval enveloped viral particles that were characteristic of the herpes viruses. A mild lymphocytic infiltrate was evident in a demyelinated right Gasserian ganglion. Demyelination and necrosis of the right trigeminal sensory tract and adjacent areas were evident within the brain stem.
Dizziness in primary care. Results from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey

This study utilized data from the 1981 and 1985 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys to study dizziness, a frequently troublesome patient problem in family practice. These data indicate that family physicians and general practitioners see nearly 45% of all outpatients with dizziness. In primary care practices (family physicians, general practitioners, and general internists) the frequency of dizziness as a presenting complaint rises steadily with age, so that nearly 7% of patients aged 85 years and older present with that symptom. Women complain of dizziness more frequently than men, with this relationship being particularly prominent in older age categories. According to primary care physicians who gathered data for the 1981 and 1985 surveys, dizziness was the principal reason for visit (chief complaint) of 2.61% of patients aged 25 years and older (531 recorded encounters). Of these patients, 66.7% were women; 1.5% were hospitalized; 4.4% were referred to specialists; and 89.3% left with a drug prescription. Hypertension was the most frequent diagnosis recorded among these patients who complained of dizziness. Several of the most common diagnoses recorded for these visits (hypertension, diabetes, unspecified dizziness, and coronary arteriosclerosis) differ from common causes of dizziness reported by specialty clinics.
Biobased Epoxy Nanocomposites Derived from Lignin-Based Monomers.

Biobased epoxy nanocomposites were synthesized based on 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol (dihydroeugenol, DHE), a molecule that has been obtained from the lignin component of biomass. To increase the content of hydroxyl groups, DHE was o-demethylated using aqueous HBr to yield propylcatechol (DHEO), which was subsequently glycidylated to epoxy monomer. Optimal conditions in terms of yield and epoxy equivalent weight were found to be 60 °C with equal NaOH/phenolic hydroxyl molar ratio. The structural evolution from DHE to cured epoxy was followed by 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The nano-montmorillonite modified DHEO epoxy exhibited improved storage modulus and thermal stability as determined from dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. This study widens the synthesis routes of biobased epoxy thermosets from lignin-based molecules.
Comparison of Color Attractiveness for Agrilus ruficollis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Potential for a Simple Trap

The rednecked cane borer, Agrilus ruficollis (F.), is a pest of cultivated and wild blackberries in the midwestern and eastern parts of the United States. Damage from this pest occurs from larvae girdling primocanes and tunneling in the pith, forming galls that can potentially reduce yields. There is only one registered insecticide and no trap available for monitoring. Paints mimicking the spectral reflectance of blackberry leaves and canes of both primocane and floricane were applied to wooden dowels or corrugated plastic mimicking the shape of blackberry canes and leaves. The dowels or corrugated plastic were covered with sticky Tangletrap, and field was evaluated for attractiveness to A. ruficollis for three years, with modifications to trap design each year. Commercially available emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, funnel traps were evaluated for attractiveness to A. ruficollis in 2014. In 2011, the greatest numbers of A. ruficollis adults were captured on prism-shaped, primocane-mimicking traps that reflected light at a peak wavelength between 540–560 nm. In 2012 and 2013, field tests demonstrated that more A. ruficollis adults were captured on green emerald ash borer traps. Testing in 2014 reinforced the previous findings that A. ruficollis was most attracted to the green emerald ash borer traps. In 2013, it was noted that colored traps usually captured significantly more A. ruficollis males than females. This indicated a need to determine if there was a chemical cue used by A. ruficollis adult females to locate and oviposit on only blackberry primocanes and not floricanes.
Pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of a high-temperature printed circuit heat exchanger

Abstract Printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) is one of the leading intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) candidates to be employed in the very-high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (VHTRs) due to its capability for high-temperature, high-pressure applications. In the current study, a reduced-scale zigzag-channel PCHE was fabricated using Alloy 617 plates for the heat exchanger core and Alloy 800H pipes for the headers. The pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the PCHE were investigated experimentally in a high-temperature helium test facility (HTHF) at The Ohio State University. The PCHE helium inlet temperatures and pressures were varied up to 464 °C/2.7 MPa for the cold side and 802 °C/2.7 MPa for the hot side, respectively, while the maximum helium mass flow rates on both sides of the PCHE reached 39 kg/h. The corresponding maximum channel Reynolds number was approximately 3558, covering the laminar flow and laminar-to-turbulent flow transition regimes. New pressure drop and heat transfer correlations for the current zigzag channels with rounded bends were developed based on the experimental data. Comparisons between the experimental data and the results obtained from the available PCHE and straight circular pipe correlations were conducted. Compared to the heat transfer performance in straight circular pipes, the zigzag channels provided little advantage in the laminar flow regime but significant advantage near the transition flow regime.
Psychotherapy, Parity, and Ethical Utilization Management

Managed care has long functioned with the assumption of a split in clinical and ethical responsibility for treatment. The insurance company clinician has been seen as owing a primary obligation to the insurance company and its utilization management standards, while the treating clinician is seen as holding primary clinical and ethical responsibility for the patient and the treatment. This article explores the potential impact of mental health parity mandates and recent clarifications of the American Psychiatric Association's ethical code on this split for psychiatrists and other clinicians who develop utilization management standards or serve as utilization reviewers.
Central stability for the homology of congruence subgroups and the second homology of Torelli groups

Abstract We prove a representation stability result for the second homology groups of Torelli subgroups of mapping class groups and automorphism groups of free groups. This strengthens the results of Boldsen–Hauge Dollerup and Day–Putman. We also prove a new representation stability result for the homology of certain congruence subgroups, partially improving upon the work of Putman–Sam. These results follow from a general theorem on syzygies of certain modules with finite polynomial degree.
P18.05 Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS): Preliminary Data on Clinical Utility within the Brain Tumor Population

OBJECTIVE: The detrimental effects of brain tumors and related treatments on cognitive capacity are well documented. Since sustaining or improving quality of life is a goal of equal importance to prolonged survival rates, neurocognitive assessments have become integral to comprehensive neuro-oncology care. Existing screening tools are criticized because they are insensitive to cognitive changes caused by medical treatments. One measure that may offer unique utility is the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Research supports the clinical value and psychometric properties of the RBANS in various medical populations; however, there is minimal evidence for its use in the brain tumor population. The purpose of this study was to determine RBANS utility in a sample of brain tumor patients by assessing the incidence of cognitive impairment relative to normative data, as well as to an estimate of pre-morbid intelligence. Participants. Data was collected on 38 patients (53% male; mean age 51, range 27-81) with primary brain tumors, confirmed by histopathological diagnosis. Eighty-Two percent had received surgery as initial treatment, and 45% had undergone radiation, chemotherapy or both prior to assessment. METHODS: All patients were administered the RBANS and the Test of Premorbid Functioning (TOPF, an estimate of pre-morbid intelligence) according to standardized instructions. Composite and Index Standard Scores (SS) from the RBANS were compared to a normal distribution (SS ≤85 indicative of impairment) and TOPF (≥1 SD difference indicative of impairment) per patient. Correlations were completed to identify cognitive relationships within this cohort. RESULTS: Descriptive profiling of RBANS will be presented. Regarding demonstrated deficits, comparison with standardization norms (RBANS; 47% compositely impaired, 68% on at least one index, and 53% on multiple indexes) was strikingly similar compared to self (TOPF; 50%, 71%, 53%). However, patients had an increased likelihood of global impairment when compared to self (4 to 5 indexes impaired; 32% vs 8%). There was a positive correlation between quantity of deficits and TOPF (r = .636, p = .000), whereas there was a negative correlation when compared to RBANS normative distribution (r = -.351, p = .031). CONCLUSIONS: Accuracy and interpretation of neuropsychological assessment is crucial within the brain tumor population to correctly identify impairment, its influences on perception of illness, level of support, and recommendations for management. Our preliminary research demonstrates the utility of RBANS as an efficient tool to assess cognitive impairment in patients with primary brain tumors. Our data also supports the importance of comparison to self and estimated premorbid intelligence, rather than normative distribution, to ensure precision in estimation of impairment.
El Escarramán a lo divino: dos poemas de Lope de Vega en imitación de Quevedo

espanolEl articulo presenta, contextualiza y edita con un aparato de notas explicativas dos poemas de Lope de Vega que imitan, vuelta a lo divino, la jacara de Quevedo «Ya esta guardado en la trena». EnglishEdition, with philological annotation, of two religious poems by Lope de Vega, written in imitation of Quevedo’s «jacara», «Ya esta guardado en la trena».
P3.120 Prevalence of ureaplasma urealyticum in urine of men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic

Introduction Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) is probably one of the causes of non-gonococcal, non-chlamydial urethritis in men and post-partum endometritis in women. The epidemiology of UU is currently unclear because culture isolation is difficult and molecular identification is limited to specialised laboratories. Testing for UU would be useful for surveillance, disease management, and epidemiology. This study assessed the prevalence of UU in men attending the local STD clinic by real-time PCR. Methods A convenience sample of de-identified residual urine specimens from men attending an STD clinic was collected. Urine was placed into commercially available transport tubes and tested by PCR for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). The remaining residual processed specimen was tested for UU DNA using a previously published real-time PCR assay. Descriptive statistics were used to examine UU prevalence with age, and co-infection with CT, NG, and TV. Results A total of 99 residual male urine specimens were available for testing. UU DNA was detected in 16/99 (16.2%) of the specimens and was comparable to CT (14/97, 14.4%), NG (11/97, 11.3%), and TV (4/25, 16.0%). Of the 16 UU positive specimens, co-infection with CT was observed in one (6.25%), NG in one (6.25%), and the remaining 14 (87.5%) had no other infection identified. The mean age of those individuals positive for UU DNA was 32.4 (range 18–63) while the mean age of those infected with CT, NG, and TV was 29.8, 28.3, and 36.8 years old, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of UU in men attending an STD clinic is similar to that observed for CT, NG, and TV. This study was useful in order to gain a better understanding of UU in this population including the age of those positive for UU, co-infection status with other commonly identified pathogens, and as a means to confirm the feasibility of real-time PCR testing using residual processed specimens. More studies are needed to elucidate the significance of UU in this population.
The Tibial Tubercle-to-Trochlear Groove Distance Is Reliable in the Setting of Trochlear Dysplasia, and Superior to the Tibial Tubercle-to-Posterior Cruciate Ligament Distance When Evaluating Coronal Malalignment in Patellofemoral Instability.

Purpose To determine best practices for consistent and accurate evaluation of coronal alignment in patients with patellofemoral (PF) instability. Methods Six reviewers examined 239 knee magnetic resonance images (MRIs) in patients with PF instability and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Measurements included tibial tubercle–to–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance measured at the most proximal and distal portions of the trochlea, tibial tubercle–to–PCL (TT-PCL) distance, and Dejour classification of trochlear dysplasia. Results Interrater reliability was low for Dejour classification (k = 0.289), but improved to moderate (k = 0.448) when patients were separated into normal/Dejour A and Dejour B/C/D. Interrater reliability was high for proximal and distal TT-TG measurements (interclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] = 0.807 and 0.936, respectively). TT-PCL was moderately reliable (ICC = 0.625), and correlated with TT-TG (r = 0.457, P P No significant difference was found between the proximal and distal measurements of TT-TG in each patient, though the PF group exhibited higher values than the ACL group ( P P = .015), but this difference lost significance when the group was divided by the TT-PCL cutoff of 24 mm ( P = .371). Conclusions The proximal and distal techniques for measuring the TT-TG distance are similar to each other, and reliable despite level of reviewer training or presence of dysplasia. The TT-TG distance was predictive of patellofemoral instability. The TT-PCL distance was found to be less reliable than either method of measuring the TT-TG distance. Thus, this study demonstrated TT-TG to be superior to TT-PCL as a measurement of coronal malalignment. Given the variability in Dejour classification in this and other studies, a more reliable classification system for trochlear dysplasia as defined on cross-sectional imaging is warranted. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective clinical trial.
Who Taught Paul Samuelson the Myth of the 'Invisible Hand' at the University of Chicago? The Most Likely Answer is Jacob Viner and/or Fellow Student George Stigler

Gavin Kennedy has carefully shown that the “Invisible Hand” myth, that greedy and selfish private optimizing behavior leads to a social macro optimum that benefits all, had nothing to do with Adam Smith’s use of the invisible hand metaphor in The Wealth of Nations. Kennedy also showed that this myth, although correctly rejected by Paul Samuelson, was ascribed to Smith by Paul Samuelson in all of the editions of his Economics text book starting in 1948. Samuelson most likely picked up this myth from either Jacob Viner, when he took Viner’s course, and/or fellow student George Stigler.
Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors for Long-Term Cognitive Impairment After Critical Illness: A Systematic Review

Long-term cognitive impairment is common in survivors of critical illness. Little is known about the etiology of this serious complication. We sought to summarize current scientific knowledge about potentially modifiable risk factors during intensive care unit (ICU) treatment that may play a substantial role in the development of long-term cognitive impairment. All searches were run on October 1, 2017. The search strategy included Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid CDR, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effect, Scopus, and Web of Science, and included MeSH headings and keywords related to intensive care, critical care, and cognitive disorders. Searches were restricted to adult subjects. Inclusion required follow-up cognitive evaluation at least 2 months after ICU discharge. Studies assessing patients with cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury, and cardiac surgery history were excluded. The search strategy resulted in 3180 studies. Of these, 28 studies (.88%) met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Delirium and duration of delirium were associated with long-term cognitive impairment after ICU admission in 6 of 9 studies in which this factor was analyzed. Weaker and more inconsistent associations have been reported with hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, fluctuations in serum glucose levels, and in-hospital acute stress symptoms. Instead, most of the studies did not find significant associations between long-term cognitive impairment and mechanical ventilation; use of sedatives, vasopressors, or analgesic medications; enteral feeding; hypoxia; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; systolic blood pressure; pulse rate; or length of ICU stay. Prolonged delirium may be a risk factor for long-term cognitive impairment after critical illness, though this association has not been entirely consistent across studies. Other potentially preventable factors have not been shown to have strong or consistent associations with long-term cognitive dysfunction in survivors of critical illness.
Role of Biomarkers in Predicting AKI in the CT ICU

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common complications following cardiothoracic surgery and is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Serum creatinine and urine output, the current gold standards, do not provide effective early risk stratification which has led to intense investigation of several novel biomarkers of AKI. This chapter will discuss the literature around pre and post-operative biomarkers of cardiothoracic surgery associated AKI focusing on several novel assays including Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Tissue injury metalloprotease-2 insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (TIMP2-IGFBP7). We discuss the wealth of prospective observational data that demonstrates these biomarkers can accurately detect AKI and the need for renal replacement therapy earlier than serum creatinine. Additionally, we will discuss the clinical utility and interpretation of these tests as well as discuss the limited randomized data demonstrates that utilizing elevated post-operative biomarkers, prior to a rise in serum creatinine, to trigger a nephrology-focused care bundle can improve outcomes following cardiac surgery.
Histone H4 H75E mutation attenuates global genomic and Rad26-independent transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) consists of global genomic NER (GG-NER) and transcription coupled NER (TC-NER) subpathways. In eukaryotic cells, genomic DNA is wrapped around histone octamers (an H3-H4 tetramer and two H2A-H2B dimers) to form nucleosomes, which are well known to profoundly inhibit the access of NER proteins. Through unbiased screening of histone H4 residues in the nucleosomal LRS (loss of ribosomal DNA-silencing) domain, we identified 24 mutations that enhance or decrease UV sensitivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The histone H4 H75E mutation, which is largely embedded in the nucleosome and interacts with histone H2B, significantly attenuates GG-NER and Rad26-independent TC-NER but does not affect TC-NER in the presence of Rad26. All the other histone H4 mutations, except for T73F and T73Y that mildly attenuate GG-NER, do not substantially affect GG-NER or TC-NER. The attenuation of GG-NER and Rad26-independent TC-NER by the H4H75E mutation is not due to decreased chromatin accessibility, impaired methylation of histone H3 K79 that is at the center of the LRS domain, or lowered expression of NER proteins. Instead, the attenuation is at least in part due to impaired recruitment of Rad4, the key lesion recognition and verification protein, to chromatin following induction of DNA lesions.
Labor-related civil society actors in China: a Gramscian analysis

Focusing on labor non-governmental organizations and labor lawyers, this article examines the class roles of China’s labor-related civil society actors (CSAs) in migrant worker resistance. This article calls into question the intuitive sentiment in scholarship that by engaging in collective labor actions, China’s CSAs are axiomatically advancing worker interests. It builds on criticism of the mainstream approach towards civil society and on Gramsci’s insights on civil society and organic intellectuals to construct a typological spectrum to evaluate labor-related CSAs. Based on in-depth interviews, participant observations, and documentary research, this article contends that China’s labor-related CSAs can be classified as unqualified organic, semi-organic, or organic intellectuals of workers, hinging on their commitment and ability to 1) challenge the kind of common sense associated with capitalist economic relations; 2) challenge the kind of juridico-political common sense the state reproduces; 3) construct a kind of good sense and enhance workers’ class consciousness and political consciousness; and 4) build up workers’ collectivity, spur workers to take concerted actions and engage in system-transforming initiatives.
Getting High After Getting Out: Understanding the Relationship Between Support, Stressors, and Drug Use Among Men and Women in Early Reentry:

This study uses data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) to examine the effects of social support and stressors on self-reported illicit drug use among 1,074 recently r...
Reply: Revision Carpal Tunnel Release: Risk Factors and Rate of Secondary Surgery.

Background The first aim of this study was to determine the rate of revision carpal tunnel release in five urban hospitals over a period of 14 years. The secondary aim was to assess what demographic, condition-related, and treatment-related factors are associated with revision carpal tunnel release. Methods Between 2002 and 2015, 7464 patients underwent carpal tunnel release. After manually reviewing the medical records, the authors identified 113 patients who underwent revision surgery. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to study association with demographics (age, sex, and race), unilateral or bilateral treated wrist(s) (including carpal tunnel release performed simultaneously and separately), and type of surgery (open or endoscopic). To gain further insight into these factors, a matched case-control analysis in a 1:3 ratio was performed. Results One hundred thirteen of 7464 patients (1.5 percent) underwent revision carpal tunnel surgery. The median (interquartile range) time to revision surgery was 1.23 years (0.47 to 3.89 years). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age, male sex, bilateral carpal tunnel release, and endoscopic carpal tunnel release were independently associated with higher odds for revision surgery. Multivariable conditional logistic regression of the matched case-control cohort showed that smoking and rheumatoid arthritis were independently associated with revision carpal tunnel release. Splint treatment before the initial surgery was independently associated with single carpal tunnel release. Conclusion Endoscopic release, male sex, smoking, rheumatoid arthritis, and undergoing staged or simultaneous bilateral carpal tunnel release are risk factors for revision surgery. Clinical question/level of evidence Risk, III.