cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Raman spectroscopy for assessment of radiation therapy response: Pre-clinical animal study results for lung cancer

The purpose of this study is to explore whether Raman spectroscopy is able to assess the response of lung tumors and healthy lung tissue in mice following radiation therapy. 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells injected intramuscularly metastasize to the lungs at day 14. These 4T1 cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of 18 Balb/C female mice. Five additional mice were used as “normal lung” controls. After 14 days, cohorts of mice bearing tumors received 6, 12 or 18 Gy to the left lung with 6MV photons. Five mice were treated as “unirradiated tumor” controls. After 24- 48 hours, lungs were excised and the specimens were sectioned for Raman measurements and pathologic evaluation using a cryostat-microtome. A total of 775 Raman spectra were collected; 107 from unirradiated normal lung tissues, 126 from unirradiated tumors, and 318 from tumors irradiated with 6, 12 or 18 Gy. Raman spectra were also collected from normal lung tissues of mice with unirradiated tumors (29) as well as irradiated (6, 12 or 18 Gy) tumors (195). Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were performed to analyze and interpret the results. Normal lung tissues and tumors were identified 100% of the time relative to pathologic scoring. Raman spectral data showed prominent results between unirradiated tumor and tumors receiving 12 or 18 Gy. Thus, in a model consisting of unirradiated and irradiated tumors (12 or 18 Gy) classification accuracies were 97.6%, 79.6%, and 80.8%, respectively, relative to pathologic assessment. Overall, 85.4% distinguishability was observed for unirradiated and irradiated (6, 12 or 18 Gy) normal lung tissues. Preliminary results demonstrate the promise for Raman spectroscopy in the prediction of normal vs. lung tumors as well as in the assessment of response of tumor and normal lung tissues following radiation therapy.
Bivariate Mixed Effects Analysis of Clustered Data with Large Cluster Sizes

Linear mixed effects models are widely used to analyze a clustered response variable. Motivated by a recent study to examine and compare the hospital length of stay (LOS) between patients undertaking percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) from several international clinical trials, we proposed a bivariate linear mixed effects model for the joint modeling of clustered PCI and CABG LOSs where each clinical trial is considered a cluster. Due to the large number of patients in some trials, commonly used commercial statistical software for fitting (bivariate) linear mixed models failed to run since it could not allocate enough memory to invert large dimensional matrices during the optimization process. We consider ways to circumvent the computational problem in the maximum likelihood (ML) inference and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) inference. Particularly, we developed an expected and maximization (EM) algorithm for the REML inference and presented an ML implementation using existing software. The new REML EM algorithm is easy to implement and computationally stable and efficient. With this REML EM algorithm, we could analyze the LOS data and obtained meaningful results.
Gold Nanoparticle Monolayers with Tunable Optical and Electrical Properties

Centimeter-scale gold nanoparticle (Au NP) monolayer films have been fabricated using a water/organic solvent self-assembly strategy. A recently developed approach, drain to deposit, is demonstrated to be most effective in transferring the Au NP films from the water/organic solvent interface to various solid substrates while maintaining their integrity. The interparticle spacing was tuned from 1.4 to 3.1 nm using alkylamine ligands of different lengths. The ordering of the films increased with increasing ligand length. The surface plasmon resonance and the in-plane electrical conductivity of the Au NP films both exhibit an exponential dependence on the interparticle spacing. These findings show great potential in scaling up the manufacturing of high-performance optical and electronic devices based on two-dimensional metallic nanoparticle superlattices.
Interaction of Campoletis sonorensis and a nuclear polyhedrosis virus in larvae of Heliothis virescens.

Development of the parasite, Campoletis sonorensis (Cameron), in larvae of Heliothis virescens (F.) infected with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) rarely proceeded beyond the 1st instar if host larvae were exposed to the NPV prior to parasitization. Significant numbers of parasites survived only in NPV-infected larvae if exposure to the virus was delayed by 48 h following parasitization. Although polyhedral formation could not be detected within cells of the parasite, numerous polyhedra were found in the midgut lumens of parasitic larvae examined histologically. Such ingested polyhedra were voided in the parasite’s meconium during pupation, and adults were free of detectable polyhedra and symptoms of virus infection. However, female parasites which had developed in NPV-infected hosts were capable of transmitting the virus to healthy Heliothis larvae. Direct evidence that transmission was effected by the parasite’s ovipostor was obtained when healthy parasites were allowed to oviposit in an infected larva and then immediately permitted to oviposit in healthy larvae. While increased spread of the virus might be achieved, the practicality of coordinating inundative releases of the parasite with use of the NPV as a microbial insecticide would appear to be negated by the fact that the host-parasite-pathogen interactions are rather highly detrimenta1 to the parasite.
An Immunological Examination of the Systematics of Tupaioidea

The taxonomic position of Tupaioidea with respect to the order Primates and the remainder of Mammalia has been examined using an immunodiffusion technique in trefoil Ouchterlony plates. Antisera were made in rabbits to blood plasma proteins of six of the nine tree shrew species used in comparisons. Numerous non-tupaiid species were also included in experiments with these antisera. Computer analysis of the results of these comparisons indicate the existence of Tupaioidea as a distinct order, which is related to Primates and Dermoptera (flying lemurs). No similarity between Tupaioidea and Macroscelidea (elephant shrews) was observed. The members of the genus Tupaia , which were examined appeared to belong to two subgenera. Subgenus Tupaia included T. glis, T. chinensis, T. belangeri , and T. longipes , whereas subgenus Lyonogale included T. montana, T minor , and T. palawanensis , in addition to T. tana , which is generally considered to belong to this subgenus.
Oxidation of acetate and malonate in extrahepatic tissues.

Summary1. Oxidation of acetate to CO2 by the eviscerated-nephrectomized rabbit is unaffected by malonate. 2. Studies on the fate of carbon-14 labeled malonate indicate that the intracellular transfer rate of malonate is low. 3. Conversion of radioactive malonate to CO2. has been demonstrated in the eviscerated-nephrectomized rabbit. 4. The slow rate of cell entry and subsequent oxidation of malonate is offered as a possible explanation for the non-inhibitory effect of malonate on acetate oxidation.
Kilauagrion Dinesiotes, a New Species of Dragonfly (Odonata) from Hawaii

The material studied consists of five males, property of the Bishop Museum, Honolulu, H. I., which were collected on the island of Maui, June 18-29, 1920, by Mr. E. H. Bryan, Jr. All are pinned specimens. One lacks the head. The lightest colored individual was selected as the holotype. It possessed the same light bluish pruinosity on side of thorax and abdominal segments 1 and 2 as do the others, but this was removed with alcohol to get an accurate display of the obscure thoracic markings.
The politics of popular genres in Jean Renoir's Le Crime de Monsieur Lange

ABSTRACTWhile the narrative and political ambiguities of Le Crime de Monsieur Lange have received much critical attention, the film's structuring generic tension between the Western and crime cinema has not. Through a careful manipulation of genre, Renoir attempts to construct the audience's interpretation of the film's murder as a revolutionary gesture that founds a new kind of economic and social community. This article examines the politics of popular culture in Lange and situates its revolutionary potential within the context of Popular Front France.
Assurances and Certifications for Federally Funded Research

T here are multiple assurances and certifications required when an investigator receives financial support for research from a United States federal department or agency. These assurances and certifications are described in detail by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in its
ENT1-Mediated Adenosine A2AR Signaling Promotes Impulsive Responses During Acquisition of Conditioned Reward Seeking

Although adenosine plays an essential role in hippocampal neuronal activity, it was unclear whether an ethanol-sensitive adenosine transporter ENT1 (equilibrative nucleoside transporter) regulates cue-induced learning of addictive behaviors. Adenosine signaling has been implicated in ethanol-seeking behaviors in mice lacking ENT1, through decreased A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR) function. To test if adenosine signaling regulates impulsive behaviors, which may lead to aberrant alcohol use, we performed a random interval differential reward of low rate (DRL) Pavlovian conditioning task. Our results indicate that ENT1 nullmice displayed increased impulsive responses and shorter reaction times during reward retrieval. Interestingly, following Pavlovian conditioning, we observed increased ERK signaling and reduced A2AR expression in the hippocampus of ENT1 null mice compared to wild-type littermates. Consistently, an A2AR-specific antagonist (ZM-241385) increased ERK activity in the hippocampus and increased im...
Prostate Cancer Incidence and Agriculture Practices in Georgia, 2000–09.

Background: Georgia has prostate cancer incidence rates consistently above the national average. A notable portion of Georgia’s economy is rooted in agricultural production, and agricultural practices have been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Methods: Statistical analyses considered county age-adjusted prostate cancer incidence rates as the outcome of interest and three agricultural variables (farmland as percent of county land, dollars spent per county acre on agriculture chemicals, and dollars spent per county acre on commercial fertilizers) as exposures of interest. Multivariate linear regression models analyzed for each separately. Data were obtained from National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 2000–2010, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1987 Agriculture Survey, and 2010 US Census. Results: In counties with equal to or greater than Georgia counties’ median percent African-American population (27%), dollars per acre spent on agriculture chemicals was significantly associated (P50.04) and dollars spent of commercial fertilizers was moderately associated (P50.07) with elevated prostate cancer incidence rates. There was no association between percent of county farmland and prostate cancer rates. Conclusion: This study identified associations between prostate cancer incidence rates, agriculture chemical expenditure, and commercial fertilizer expenditure in Georgia counties with a population comprised of more than 27% of African Americans.
Cells and cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis

Granulomatous inflammation develops under the regulatory influence of cytokines produced by local mononuclear phagocytes, T cells, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and other local cells. In sarcoidosis, granulomatous inflammation is characterized by dominant expression of T helper 1 (Th1) cytokines such as IFN gamma and interleukin (IL)-2 with low levels of expression of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines such as IL4 and IL5. Recent studies show that the cytokine IL12, the most important regulator of Th1 immune responses currently known, is upregulated at sites of inflammation in sarcoidosis. In particular, enhanced expression of IL12 is seen in sarcoid lung and lymph node, along with dysregulated production of IL12 by stimulated and unstimulated sarcoid alveolar macrophages. The known dependence of granulomatous inflammation on type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, IL12) in many experimental models of granulomatous disease makes it likely that these cytokines function in a similar fashion in the initiation and maintenance of granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis. Whether these same type 1 cytokines drive granulomatous inflammation in patients with extensive fibrocystic lung disease remains unknown. TGF beta, a known inhibitor of IL12 and IFN gamma production, is produced at higher levels by lung cells from those patients who undergo remission of their disease, suggesting that TGF gamma is important in downregulating granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis. These studies offer new insight into the molecular mechanisms of granuloma formation in sarcoidosis and provide a framework for developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of this disease.
Area-level socioeconomic disadvantage and severe pulmonary tuberculosis: U.S., 2000-2008.

OBJECTIVES Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) and diagnostic delays, but the extent to which this association reflects an underlying gradient in advanced status of pulmonary TB is unknown. We conducted a multilevel retrospective cohort analysis examining the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and pulmonary TB disease status, as measured via sputum smears and chest radiography results. METHODS We included 862 incident TB patients reported in King County, Washington, from 2000-2008. We abstracted patient-level measures from charts and surveillance data. We obtained socioeconomic characteristics of TB patients, as well as those of the areas where TB patients lived, from the 2000 U.S. Census. A socioeconomic position (SEP) index was derived to measure SES. RESULTS Of those with known results, 814 of 849 patients (96%) displayed abnormal radiography findings. A total of 239 graded patients (39%) had positive smears, 136 (57%) of whom had grades of moderate (3+) or numerous (4+) acid-fast bacilli. In unadjusted analyses, patients living in lower SEP areas did not appear to have higher probabilities of more advanced disease. In multivariate models adjusting for individual demographic and socioeconomic measures, as well as area-based demographic variables, block-group SEP was not significantly associated with more advanced pulmonary disease. CONCLUSIONS Lower SEP was not significantly associated with greater pulmonary disease severity after controlling for individual age, race, sex, and origin, and block-group race, ethnicity, and origin. These findings suggest that the severity of pulmonary TB at diagnosis is not synonymous with delayed diagnosis.
Role of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in NASH

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the number one cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world. Although only a minority of patients will ultimately develop end-stage liver disease, it is not yet possible to efficiently predict who will progress and, most importantly, effective treatments are still unavailable. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease is necessary to improve the clinical management of NAFLD patients. Epidemiological data indicate that NAFLD prognosis is determined by an individual's response to lipotoxic injury, rather than either the severity of exposure to lipotoxins, or the intensity of liver injury. The liver responds to injury with a synchronized wound-healing response. When this response is abnormal, it leads to pathological scarring, resulting in progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis, rather than repair. The hedgehog pathway is a crucial player in the wound-healing response. In this review, we summarize the pre-clinical and clinical evidence, which demonstrate the role of hedgehog pathway dysregulation in NAFLD pathogenesis, and the preliminary data that place the hedgehog pathway as a potential target for the treatment of this disease.
Multimodal adaptive social interaction in virtual environment (MASI-VR) for children with Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

Difficulties in social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communications as well as repetitive and atypical patterns of behavior, characterizes Autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A number of studies indicated that many children with ASD prefer technology and this preference can be explored to develop systems that may alleviate several challenges of traditional treatment and intervention. As a result, recent advances in computer and robotic technology are ushering in innovative assistive technologies for ASD intervention. The current work presents design, development and a usability study of an adaptive multimodal virtual reality-based social interaction platform for children with ASD. It is hypothesized that endowing a technological system that can detect the processing pattern and mental state of the child using implicit cues from eye tracking and electrophysiological, including peripheral physiological and electroencephalography (EEG), signals and adapt its interaction accordingly is of great importance in assisting and individualizing traditional intervention approaches. The presented VR system is based on a virtual reality based social environment, a school cafeteria, where an individual with ASD interacts with virtual characters. An eye tracker, an EEG monitor and biosensors to measure peripheral electrophysiological signals are integrated with the VR task environment to obtain gaze, EEG signals and several peripheral physiological signals in real-time. In the current work, we show how eye gaze and task performance can be used in real-time to adapt intervention in VR. The other signals are collected for offline analysis. The results from a usability study with 12 subjects with ASD are presented to demonstrate the viability of the proposed concepts within the VR system.
Re-Indenture, Repatriation and Remittances

This chapter documents the re-indenture, the remittance and the repatriation of Indians. A minority of indentured Indians chose to re-indenture on Danish St. Croix when their contracts expired, while a majority of them returned to India in 1868. Those that re-indentured hoped for better achievements while those that returned were disappointed with indenture. Returning Indians also realized that indenture was designed to meet the needs of the planter class rather than their own. Indians took back with them an estimated $12,000. The average savings of the 250 returning ex-indentured Indians was $50.00 or $10.00 for five years. It is argued that this was a major disappointment and for this reason, coupled with bad managerial practices, the British Consul advised the British government not to send any further shipments of Indians to St. Croix until proper measures were taken to safeguard the laborers. This suggestion did not materialize and indenture was abolished on the island of St. Croix in 1873.
Pharmacology of testosterone replacement therapy preparations

The goal of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is to return serum testosterone levels to within physiologic range and improve symptoms in hypogonadal men. Some of the symptoms aimed to improve upon include decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, hot flashes, depressed mood, and loss of muscle mass or hair. Clinical use of testosterone for replacement therapy began approximately 70 years ago. Over the decades, numerous preparations and formulations have been developed primarily focusing on different routes of delivery and thus pharmacokinetics (PKs). Currently the routes of delivery approved for use by the United States Food and Drug Administration encompasses buccal, nasal, subdermal, transdermal, and intramuscular (IM). Many factors must be considered when a clinician is choosing the most correct formulation for a patient. As this decision depends highly on the patient, active patient participation is important for effective selection. The aim of this review is to describe and compare all testosterone preparations currently available and approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Areas of focus will include pharmacology, PKs, adverse effects, and specifics related to individual delivery routes.
How Can We Know What We “Know” About Law and Development? The Importance of Taiwan in Comparative Perspective

This chapter will argue for the importance of Taiwan as a case study for research on relationships between law and economic and political development. The pioneering work of Professor Ma and others about law in Taiwan should be developed and expanded so that scholars around the world can incorporate Taiwan’s experience into more general theorizing about legal systems and economic and political change. Taiwan’s legal system has been relevant to both Taiwan’s outstanding record of economic development and to its successful transition to democracy, yet the role of law and legal institutions in these two markers of Taiwan’s development has been understudied in the global law and development literature. This is a serious shortcoming for the scholarly field, however, as Taiwan’s successes have been too conspicuous, and are too well established, to be ignored. This chapter will seek to address that shortcoming by surveying various claims or assumptions in the field of law and development and examining them in light of Taiwan’s experience. Much of the focus will be on areas of law that are directly related to economic development, but the chapter will also examine the role of law and legal institutions in Taiwan’s democratization. The conclusions that this chapter draws should be helpful not only to scholars but also to governments or international institutions engaging in legal reform projects in developing countries of today.
Discrete equivalent wing crack based damage model for brittle solids

Abstract The Discrete Equivalent Wing Crack Damage (DEWCD) model formulated in this paper couples micro-mechanics and Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) principles. At the scale of the Representative Elementary Volume (REV), damage is obtained by integrating crack densities over the unit sphere, which represents all possible crack plane orientations. The unit sphere is discretized into 42 integration points. The damage yield criterion is expressed at the microscopic scale: if a crack is in tension, crack growth is controlled by a mode I fracture mechanics criterion; if a crack is in compression, the shear stress that applies at its faces is projected on the directions considered in the numerical integration scheme, and cracks perpendicular to these projected force components grow according to a mode I fracture mechanics criterion. The projection of shear stresses into a set of tensile forces allows predicting the occurrence of wing cracks at the tips of pre-existing defects. We assume that all of the resulting mode I cracks do not interact, and we adopt a dilute homogenization scheme. A hardening law is introduced to account for subcritical crack propagation, and non-associated flow rules are adopted for damage and irreversible strains induced by residual crack displacements after unloading. The DEWCD model depends on only 6 constitutive parameters which all have a sound physical meaning and can be determined by direct measurements in the laboratory. The DEWCD model is calibrated and validated against triaxial compression tests performed on Bakken Shale. In order to highlight the advantages of the DEWCD model over previous anisotropic damage models proposed for rocks, we simulated: (a) A uniaxial tension followed by unloading and reloading in compression; and (b) Uniaxial compression loading cycles of increasing amplitude. We compared the results obtained with the DEWCD model with those obtained with a micro-mechanical model and with a CDM model, both calibrated against the same experimental dataset as the DEWCD model. The three models predict a non linear-stress/strain relationship and damage-induced anisotropy. The micro-mechanical model can capture unilateral effects. The CDM model can capture the occurrence of irreversible strains. The DEWCD model can capture both unilateral effects and irreversible strains. In addition, the DEWCD model can predict the apparent increase of strength and ductility in compression when the confinement increases and the increasing hysteresis on unloading-reloading paths as damage increases. The DEWCD model is the only of the three models tested that provides realistic values of yield stress and strength in tension and compression. This is a significant advancement in the theoretical modeling of brittle solids. Future work will be devoted to the prediction of crack coalescence and to the modeling of the material response with interacting micro-cracks.
Microwave Exposure Limits for the Eye: Applying Infrared Laser Threshold Data

A large body of knowledge exists on the adverse effects of intense infrared radiant energy upon the eye. Infrared heat cataracts were common in industry at the turn of the century, but are now rare. Epidemiological and animal studies permitted the establishment of occupational exposure limits to infrared radiation. More recently, infrared laser bioeffects studies have permitted an understanding of both single-pulse and repetitive-pulse infrared laser injury to the cornea. From a knowledge of penetration depth at different laser wavelengths, one should be able to predict the adverse effects of higher frequency pulsed microwaves upon the eye. These predictions are compared with published data of microwave effects upon the cornea.
A scalable and memory-efficient algorithm for de novo transcriptome assembly of non-model organisms

With increased availability of de novo assembly algorithms, it is feasible to study entire transcriptomes of non-model organisms. While algorithms are available that are specifically designed for performing transcriptome assembly from high-throughput sequencing data, they are very memory-intensive, limiting their applications to small data sets with few libraries. We develop a transcriptome assembly algorithm that recovers alternatively spliced isoforms and expression levels while utilizing as many RNA-Seq libraries as possible that contain hundreds of gigabases of data. New techniques are developed so that computations can be performed on a computing cluster with moderate amount of physical memory. Our strategy minimizes memory consumption while simultaneously obtaining comparable or improved accuracy over existing algorithms. It provides support for incremental updates of assemblies when new libraries become available.
Hyperscalability – The Changing Face of Software Architecture

Abstract The scale of contemporary Internet-based systems, along with their rate of growth, is daunting. Data repositories are growing at phenomenal rates, and new data centers hosting tens of thousands of machines are being built all over the world to store, process, and analyze this data. Societal change driven by these systems has been immense in the last decade, and the rate of innovation is only set to grow. We have truly entered the era of big data. This chapter is about engineering systems at hyperscale – these must rapidly grow throughput while constraining costs and resources. It describes the characteristics of hyperscale systems, and some of the core principles that are necessary to ensure hyperscalability. These principles are illustrated by state-of-the-art approaches and technologies that are used to engineering hyperscalable systems.
Magnetic Induction Based Sensing and Localization for Fresh Food Logistics

Sensing of food spoilage and contamination is an active area of research, with many types of contact and noncontact sensors are being developed that can track fresh food quality throughout the distribution process. In this paper, we consider the communication of the sensed product quality along with the box position (in the stack of boxes in the truck or in a warehouse room) to the next level, in order to make the logistics more efficient and less wasteful. Given the water-rich, inhomogeneous biological media, RF or ultrasonic based communications are inappropriate in such environments, and we instead explore Magnetic Induction (MI) based communication framework in the HF band (3-30 MHz). We propose a novel magnetic induction based localization scheme to localize the boxes and study its accuracy via extensive simulations. We show that with a small number of anchor nodes, the localization can be done without any errors for boxes as small as 0.5 meter on the side, and with small errors even for boxes half as big. Our preliminary analysis suggests that such sensors can last for several years without any battery replacement.
Evolution of extrema features reveals optimal stimuli for biological state transitions

The ability to define the unique features of an input stimulus needed to control switch-like behavior in biological systems is an important problem in computational biology and medicine. We show in this study how highly complex and intractable optimization problems can be simplified by restricting the search to the signal’s extrema as key feature points, and evolving the extrema features towards optimal solutions that closely match solutions derived from gradient-based methods. Our results suggest a model-independent approach for solving a class of optimization problems related to controlling switch-like state transitions.
Latent feature networks for statistical relational learning

In this dissertation, I explored relational learning via latent variable models. Traditional machine learning algorithms cannot handle many learning problems where there is a need for modeling both relations and noise. Statistical relational learning approaches emerged to handle these applications by incorporating both relations and uncertainties in these problems. Latent variable models are one of the successful approaches for statistical relational learning. These models assume a latent variable for each entity and then the probability distribution over relationships between entities is modeled via a function over latent variables. One important example of relational learning via latent variables is text data modeling. In text data modeling, we are interested in modeling the relationship between words and documents. Latent variable models learn this data by assuming a latent variable for each word and document. The co-occurrence value is defined as a function of these random variables. For modeling co-occurrence data in general (and text data in particular), we proposed latent logistic allocation (LLA). LLA outperforms the-state-of-the-art model—latent Dirichlet allocation—in text data modeling, document categorization and information retrieval. We also proposed query-based visualization which embeds documents relevant to a query in a 2-dimensional space. Additionally, I used latent variable models for other single-relational problems such as collaborative filtering and educational data mining. To move towards multi-relational learning via latent variable models, we propose latent feature networks (LFN). Multi-relational learning approaches model multiple relationships simultaneously. LFN assumes a component for each relationship. Each component is a latent variable model where a latent variable is defined for each entity and the relationship is a function of latent variables. However, if an entity participates in more than one relationship, then it will have a separate random variable for each relationship. We used LFN for modeling two different problems: microarray classification and social network analysis with a side network. In the first application, LFN outperforms support vector machines—the best propositional model for that application. In the second application, using the side information via LFN can drastically improve the link prediction task in a social network.
n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of patients with IgA nephropathy

First described in 1968 by Berger and Hinglais [1], immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is now recognized as the most commonly encountered primary glomerulonephritis worldwide [2-4]. IgAN is an immune complex-mediated glomerular disease defined morphologically by the constant presence of predominant or codominant mesangial deposits of IgA accompanied by a variety of proliferative and/or sclerosing histopathologic lesions [5]. IgAN is characterized by a highly variable clinical course with many patients developing a chronic, slowly progressive decline in renal function over 10–20 years [6-12]. Due to a poorly understood pathogenesis, and because of the variability of the disease, it has been difficult to determine optimal therapy for patients with IgAN [13]. To provide rationale for novel therapeutic agents capable of preserving renal function, there has been active interest in elucidating histopathologic features that confer a high risk of disease progression in patients with IgAN.
Value Network Segmentation: A Three-Factor Model

The evolution toward a service-dominant logic necessitates a reexamination of how value is created and a consideration of how co-created value impacts marketing strategy. The effect of co-created value networks on a specific aspect of marketing strategy; market segmentation is examined. Heterogeneity in market demand as represented by the intensity level of customer participation in value creation, in combination with stages of value creation, and customer type is identified as a new basis for market segmentation.
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity

The purpose of this chapter is to relate the theory of task networks and technology set forth in previous chapters to theories of firm boundaries from economics and management. Complementary goods have more value when used together than separately. Complementarity may be strong or weak. Strong complements are specific and unique goods that have no value (or greatly diminished value) unless all are present in use. In the task network, dense technical interdependencies create strong complementarity, but it can arise for other reasons as well. Transaction cost economics and property rights theory advise that strong complements should be placed under unified governance, for example, through common ownership. Agency theory suggests that weak complementarity can be handled via arms-length transactions and contracts. Furthermore, strong or weak complementarity are not innate properties of tasks and assets, but can be the result of choices regarding task networks, incentives and job design. Supermodular complementarity exists when more of one input makes more of another input more valuable. Distributed supermodular complementarity (DSMC) exists when two or more independent actors can create complementary value by pursuing their own interests, and will not find it advantageous to combine in order to coordinate their actions. I derive formal conditions under which DSMC holds as a consistent pattern in a dynamic equilibrium. Given DSMC, clusters of firms making different complementary goods, including open platforms with surrounding ecosystems, can survive and compete effectively against integrated firms that control all complementary inputs.
Online Simulation-Based Mastery Learning with Deliberate Practice: Developing Interprofessional Communication Skill

Abstract Background New nursing graduates rarely achieve practice-ready competency in reporting critical information to other health care professionals. Methods This experimental group comparison study used an online asynchronized simulation intervention based on deliberate practice incorporated with mastery learning to explore the impacts on students' critical incident reporting skill. Results The intervention group (n = 22) demonstrated higher performance and confidence levels than the control group (n = 21), although few participants achieved mastery standard, indicating more practice and/or a longer learning period was needed. Conclusion The online intervention offered flexible and safe opportunities for students to practice a skill with limited real-life practice opportunities.
Di­carbonyl­(η5‐cyclo­penta­dienyl)­iodo­iron(II)

In the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)I(CO)2], there are two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. They exhibit a three-legged-piano-stool geometry.
Eruptive xanthoma associated with severe hypertriglyceridemia and poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus

Eruptive xanthoma is characterized by yellowish skin papules encircled by an erythematous halo and associated with severe hypertriglyceridemia above 2,000 mg/dl. Hypertriglyceridemia can be caused by primary genetic mutations, secondary causes, such as uncontrolled diabetes, obesity, alcohol overuse, or combinations of both. Eruptive xanthoma can serve as an important clinical indicator of underlying systemic conditions (e.g. hypertriglyceridemia and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus). It is important for clinicians to recognize it to prevent further complications such as pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease.
Formulations and analysis of Compton scattering for deterministic thermal radiation transport

Abstract In high-energy-density physics at low densities and high temperatures, Compton scattering can be the dominant interaction mechanism between thermal radiation and the material. Boson statistics leads to induced scattering, where the rate of scattering is proportional to the square of the photon intensity. To explore the importance of this nonlinear effect in the context of thermal radiative transfer, we formulate several linear approximations to the scattering rate and compare them to the proper nonlinear rate in an infinite-medium setting. With the goal of implementing Compton scattering in a radiation transport code, we study heating-rate accuracy and iterative convergence properties for the linear methods as we vary the fidelity of the discretization in photon frequency. We find the equilibrium out-scattering formulation to be the most accurate linear method, with heating rate errors around 15% when the radiation is heating the material and up to 50% when the radiation is cooling the material.
Generation of correlated photon-pairs in short thin-film lithium-niobate waveguides

We generate photon-pairs in signal-idler channels separated by up to 120 nm with high coincidence-to-accidental ratios using a 300-mm-long periodically-poled lithiumniobate ridge waveguide bonded to silicon.
Intracardiac radiofrequency ablation in living swine guided by polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.

Significance: Pulmonary vein isolation with catheter-based radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is carried out frequently to treat atrial fibrillation. However, RFA lesion creation is only guided by indirect information (e.g., temperature, impedance, and contact force), which may result in poor lesion quality (e.g., nontransmural) and can lead to reoccurrence or complications. Aim: The feasibility of guiding intracardiac RFA with an integrated polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT)-RFA catheter in the right atria (RA) of living swine is demonstrated. Approach: In total, 12 sparse lesions were created in the RA of three living swine using an integrated PSOCT-RFA catheter with standard ablation protocol. PSOCT images were displayed in real time to guide catheter-tissue apposition. After experiments, post-processed PSOCT images were analyzed to assess lesion quality and were compared with triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) lesion quality analysis. Results: Five successful lesions identified with PSOCT images were all confirmed by TTC analysis. In two ablations, PSOCT imaging detected gas bubble formation, indicating overtreatment. Unsuccessful lesions observed with PSOCT imaging were confirmed by TTC analysis. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the PSOCT-RFA catheter provides real-time feedback to guide catheter-tissue apposition, monitor lesion quality, and possibly help avoid complications due to overtreatment, which may enable more effective and safer RFA treatment.
Los barrios de origen industrial ante el desafío de la desindustrialización. El "ponent" de Tarragona, entre la marginalidad y el anhelo urbano

El interes de esta propuesta de comunicacion radica en revelar los desafios entre la Tarragona (Cataluna) compacta de limites historicos, reconocibles y consolidados y sus barrios dispersos de origen industrial. Sobre terrenos cuarterados “entrevias”, y apoyandose sobre la nueva geometria impuesta por las logicas de la infraestructura de la movilidad, se desplego una condicion periferica que la ciudad ignoro y de la que rapidamente se apropiaron las fuerzas productivas. Hoy, ante el desafio de la desindustrializacion y sus derivadas urbanas en estos barrios de origen industrial, la investigacion aborda tanto los efectos de la renuncia de la ciudad de Tarragona a incorporar esta periferia en terminos de vulnerabilidad y segregacion derivada como la dualidad generada con ello en terminos de paisaje resultante. Bajo esta perspectiva, y con el fin de averiguar y comprender esta anomalia, deducimos que, para el caso de Tarragona, existio –y existe todavia– un “orden inverso”, es decir, que la construccion de la periferia emana desde el territorio hacia la ciudad y no de la ciudad al territorio, motivando un desarrollo en paralelo de estas dos dinamicas. El resultado ha sido la emergencia de un “Distrito Distinto” que esta rebasando las expectativas industriales y que de su correcto manejo depende la solucion de esta controversia. En este sentido, la parte final de esta investigacion explora posibles lineas estrategicas de transformacion de unos suelos de alto valor urbano, productivo, social y de paisaje cuya imagen esta por redibujar.
An Analytical Solution of the Electric Field Excited by a Vertical Electric Dipole Above a Lossy Half-Space: From Radio to Microwave Frequencies

In this article, an analytical solution of the electromagnetic radiation from a vertical electric dipole (VED) above a lossy half-space is proposed. The expression for the traditional solution is associated with the Sommerfeld-type integral, which is difficult to evaluate due to its highly oscillating and slowly decaying integrand. The solution for the intermediate Hertz potential is decomposed into two integrals and a rigorous closed-form solution in the near and far-field regions are presented for each term. Then, the scattered electric-field components are calculated from the intermediate Hertz potential. A numerical evaluation of the solution for different lossy half-spaces, such as seawater, wet earth, dry earth, and lake water, validates the accuracy of the proposed solution at various frequencies, from radio to microwave frequencies, as well as different distances from the antenna in the near and far-field regions.
Role of non-Genetic Risk Factors in Exacerbating Alcohol-related organ damage

This review provides a summary of the symposium titled "Role of Non-Genetic Risk Factors in Exacerbating Alcohol-Related Organ Damage", which was held at the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism. The goals of the symposium were to provide newer insights into the role of non-genetic factors, including specific external factors, notably infectious agents or lifestyle factors, that synergistically act to exacerbate alcohol pathogenicity to generate more dramatic downstream biological defects. This summary of the symposium will benefit junior/senior basic scientists and clinicians currently investigating/treating alcohol-induced organ pathology, as well as undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate students and fellows.
Foster v. Fourie: Race, Politics, and Betrayal in Apartheid South Africa

On December 1, 1973, black American boxer Bob Foster became the first person of colour to fight and defeat a white opponent, Pierre Fourie, in apartheid South Africa. Foster’s unanimous victory by ...
Research on Service Support Ability of Power Wireless Private Network

In view of the problems of electric power wireless communication and to serve the power consumer better, on the basis of the basic principles of TD-LTE’s network structure, traffic model of power service is analyzed in detail, and in the actual case, through the data processing method and comparison analysis method, the technical parameters, theoretical analysis and field test results of 1.8 G and 230 M LTE systems are compared, and the ability of power wireless private network to support power service is verified. The analysis and testing provide a technology support for electric power communication access network construction and lays the foundations for popularization and application of LTE power wireless private network.
User Characteristics of a Low-Acuity Emergency Department Alternative for Low-Income Patients.

Author(s): Heinert, Sara W.; Mumford, Melody; Kim, Sarah E.; Hossain, Muhammad M.; Amashta, Michael L.; Massey, Maria A. | Abstract: Introduction: Emergency department (ED) use for healthcare that can be treated elsewhere is costly to the healthcare system. However, convenience settings such as urgent care centers (UCC) are generally inaccessible to low-income patients. Housing an UCC within a federally qualified health center (FQHC UCC) provides an accessible convenience setting for low-income patients. In 2014 a FQHC UCC opened two blocks from an ED in the same health system. Our goal was to compare characteristics, access to care, and utilization preferences for FQHC UCC and low-acuity ED patients through retrospective chart review and prospective surveying.Methods: We completed a retrospective chart review of all patients from March 1, 2018–March 1, 2019, and compared characteristics of low-acuity ED patients (N = 3,911) and FQHC UCC patients (N = 12,571). We also surveyed FQHC UCC patients (N = 201) and low-acuity ED patients (N = 198) from January–July 2019.Results: Half of FQHC UCC patients had private insurance. Of ED patients, 29% were aware of the FQHC UCC. Both groups had similar rates of primary care providers. The most common reason for choosing the ED was perceived severity, and for choosing a FQHC UCC was speed.Conclusion: These findings show similarities and differences between these two patient populations. Future research is needed to determine utilization patterns and in-depth reasons behind them. Interventions that help patients decide where to go for low-acuity care may create more utilization efficiency.