cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ethics in Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis

Ethics plays a dual role in psychiatry. The extrinsic role is in defining the rules of ethical conduct for the psychiatrist as a professional dealing with patients, peers and society at large. The intrinsic role is in defining ethical or moral conflict as a determining component in the construction of symptoms of mental disorder. Ethical considerations play a role in the truthful description of the disorder, diagnosis, dynamic formulation and the doctor-patient relationship in treatment. In treatment, there is a need to acknowledge 2 dimensions of psychological conflict: (1) an appraisal of the actual realistic moral conflicts due to symptomatic unethical conduct that goes against one's normative conscience, and (2) resolution of past conflicts arising from unconscious or repressed aspects of the neurotic conscience or superego, i.e. a holdover of unreflected obedience to parental authority. The resolution of past and ongoing conflicts promotes growth toward autonomy of moral judgment, free choice and moral responsibility.
Work in progress — Virtual facilitation and procedural knowledge education

Engineering students acquire both conceptual and procedural knowledge as part of their education. While conceptual knowledge, such as understanding why certain design practices are required or having knowledge of the general principles of engineering development, is essential, procedural knowledge to enact specific engineering practices is also needed. This kind of knowledge, such as balancing chemical equations, solving calculus problems, or finding Thevenin-Norton equivalents, is usually taught through rote problem solving, sometimes with the guidance of teaching assistants or aid from the instructor if students find themselves “stuck”. However, a Virtual Facilitator, designed to help students develop team skills, can also be used to guide students through the solution of specific problems. This Work In Process paper describes the process for developing the needed procedural rules using an example problem from electrical engineering — finding a Thevenin equivalent circuit.
Spanish Romances in Tunisia in 1746

Presence du Romancero chez les Maures de Tunisie au XVIIIs. Preuves de la diffusion universelle du genre.
The Administrative Presidency as Reactive Oversight: Implications for Positive and Normative Theory

The fact that centralized executive oversight of agency policy making is primarily reactive reflects the motives and constraints that define the president's relationship with the domestic bureaucracy. Such a strategy allows for the allocation of limited resources to agency initiatives that are inconsistent with the president's agenda or that evoke conflict within the executive branch or the larger political system. This calls into question the descriptive model of presidential administration as proactive management by a unitary actor, as well as its prescriptive corollary that equates a strong executive with coordination across the bureaucracy. Reactive presidential oversight can produce a kind of ad hoc coordination that can be salutary, but its often pluralistic character can also undermine other important values in the administrative process.
SEDIMENTATION OF PARTICLES IN NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS

The influence of non-Newtonian flow behavior on sedimentation velocity of particles is investigated using an approximate solution for the motion of an assemblage of solid spheres presented previously by the authors. It is theoretically predicted that the pseudoplaslicity decreases the sedimentation velocity and its reduction is pronounced at large voidage. The present theory is discussed using the available empirical correlations.
Alteration of the Trichoderma reesei cellulase complex by adsorption to protein‐extracted lucerne fibres

During hydrolysis of protein-extracted lucerne fibre by Trichoderma reesei cellulases, the enzymes rapidly adsorbed to the substrate and were slowly released as the carbohydrate was solubilized. Comparison of cellulase component fractionation patterns on ion exchange chromatography revealed differences between the unreacted enzymes and those recovered after desorption. Although total cellulase activities were about equivalent, there was a four-fold shift in the ratio of cellulase components after the adsorption/desorption cycle.
In vivo tracing of pathways and spatio-temporal activity patterns in rat visual cortex using voltage sensitive dyes.

We monitored optical signals from cortex stained with a voltage sensitive dye to study activity evoked by intracortical electrical stimulation. The objectives were to study the spatial and temporal spread of activity from intrinsic connections near the stimulating electrode and to develop a new technique to study extrinsic projections from striate cortex to extrastriate target areas. Various measures were made of the time course of the optical signal (latency, rise time, decay time, temporal summation, facilitation versus depression, and presence or absence of a slow undershoot); in general, these measures were found to vary significantly across different response positions, different experiments, and even different runs within the same experiment. The spatial distribution of responses near the stimulating electrode in striate cortex was usually elliptical and was most often elongated along the anterior-posterior axis, with a typical size (full width at 75% max) of 1.3 mm (anterior-posterior axis) by 0.75 mm (medio-lateral axis). In some cases, complex spatio-temporal patterns were observed, in which the position of the maximum optical signal shifted with time or split into multiple peaks. In eight experiments, a response focus was found in extrastriate cortex at an expected location within the lateromedial area (LM). The response focus in LM was typically about half the size of that in striate cortex. In some experiments we observed additional focal responses in the anterolateral visual area (AL). The extrastriate responses showed a significant delay (3–10 ms) in onset and time to peak relative to the striate response. The validity of this technique for determining extrinsic projections was tested in two types of experiments. In the first, stimulation from two electrodes in striate cortex generated response foci consistent with the known topographic organization of area LM. In the second, the optically measured response focus was shown to correlate with the histologically reconstructed projection of a chemical tracer injected near the site of stimulation. We discuss the chain of neurophysiological events that occur during and after focal electrical stimulation and how they relate to the observed optical signal. We conclude that direct passive responses were a small component of our signal, that the component due to action potentials in directly stimulated neurons should have occurred in the first 1–2 ms post stimulus and is small compared to the peak signal, and that overall our signals were probably dominated by a combination of asynchronously occurring action potentials and excitatory and inhibitory synaptic potentials. These results, together with the prospect of being able to trace many connections in a single experiment, indicate that the combination of optical recording and focal electrical stimulation provides a valuable means for analyzing structural and physiological aspects of cortical circuitry.
Rejection of skin homografts in larvae of Rana pipiens

Larvae of the leopard frog, Rana pipiens, regularly reject skin homo-grafts. Grafts from sibling larvae show initial signs of necrosis later than grafts from non-siblings; grafts between very young feeding larvae also show initial necrosis later than those between older larvae. Homograft rejection pattern is essentially the same in larvae of stage IV and older, in hypophysectomized larvae, and in larvae immersed in thyroxine for two weeks after grafting. Second grafts from the same donor are necrotic 4 to 5 days before first grafts are. The conclusion is drawn that destruction of skin homografts in frog larvae is independent of metamorphic phenomena, and is an immunologic reaction, possibly involving the thymus gland. The weakened response of very young larvae may reflect an immunologic mechanism that is not yet mature.
The Complexity of Querying Indefinite Data about Linearly Ordered Domains

In applications dealing with ordered domains, the available data is frequently indefinite. While the domain is actually linearly ordered, only some of the order relations holding between points in the data are known. Thus, the data provides only a partial order, and query answering involves determining what holds under all the compatible linear orders. In this paper we study the complexity of evaluating queries in logical databases containing such indefinite information. We show that in this context queries are intractable even under the data complexity measure, but identify a number of PTIME subproblems. Data complexity in the case of monadic predicates is one of these PTIME cases, but for disjunctive queries the proof is nonconstructive, using well-quasi-order techniques. We also show that the query problem we study is equivalent to the problem of containment of conjunctive relational database queries containing inequalities. One of our result implies that the latter is?p2-complete, solving an open problem of Klug (J. Assoc. Comput. Mach.35, No. 1 (1988), 146?160).
β-elimination and reduction reactions and some applications of dimethylsulfoxide on submaxillary glycoproteins

Abstract It has been shown that dimethylsulfoxide is useful in separating protein contaminants and minor mucins from the submaxillary glycoproteins prepared by the method of Tettamanti, G. and Pigman, W. (1968) Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 124, 41–50. In addition, alkaline dimethylsulfoxide was found to greatly accelerate the β-elimination reaction of glycoproteins. As this procedure does not produce diffusible protein fragments, it should be of value in studies of the protein core and for the investigation of those protein-carbohydrate linkages that are resistant to treatment by alkali. Optimal conditions for carrying out the β-elimination and reduction reactions of bovine submaxillary glycoprotein in aqueous alkaline NaBH4 systems have been described. Under such conditions, the conversion of 2-aminopropenoic and 2-amino-2-butenoic acid residues into alanine and α-aminobutyric acid, respectively, is complete. This reduction procedure is of a broad application and can be used for the reduction of the phenylhydrazone derivatives of α-keto acids to the corresponding amino acids. A comparison of our procedure with that described by Simpson, L. D., Hranisavljevic, J. and Davidson, E. A. (1972) Biochemistry, 11, 1849–1856, shows that the method outlined here is superior both in efficiency and for quantitative recovery of unsaturated hydroxyamino acids.
Olmesartan associated sprue-like enteropathy and colon perforation

We are reporting a unique case of olmesartan associated severe sprue-like enteropathy in a 52-year-old woman who presented to our hospital complaining of severe abdominal pain and nausea. At the emergency department she suffered from a cardiac arrest and was found to have a colon perforation. The patient was treated conservatively without surgical intervention and olmesartan was discontinued. After one month, she had complete resolution of her symptoms.
Productivity costs associated with cardiometabolic risk factor clusters in the United States.

Abstract Objective Cardiometabolic risk factors such as overweight/obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension are prone to cluster together in the same individual and result in an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The purpose of this study was to examine and quantify the impact of cardiometabolic risk factor clusters independent of heart disease on productivity in a nationally representative sample of US adults. Methods The current study estimated the impact of cardiometabolic risk factor clusters on missed work days and bed days, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity, and smoking status in a nationally representative, pooled 2000 and 2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey sample. Cardiometabolic risk factor clusters included BMI ≥ 25 and two of the following three: diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and/or hypertension. All estimates were expressedin $US 2005. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the impact of varying assumptions on the results. Results After controlling for differences in sociodemographics, smoking and comorbidity, individuals with cardiometabolic risk factor clusters missed 179% more work days and spent 147% more days in bed (in addition to lost work days) than those without. Lost work days and bed days resulted in $17.3 billion annually in lost productivity attributable to cardiometabolic risk factor clusters in the United States. Sensitivity analyses resulted in a range of annual lost productivity costs from $3.2 to $23.1 billion. Conclusions Common cardiometabolic risk factor clusters have a significant deleterious impact on the US economy, resulting in $17.3 billion in lost productivity.
Expression of alpha 4 integrin mRNA and protein and fibronectin in the early chicken embryo.

α4 integrins (α4β1 and α4β7) have been shown to mediate both cell-matrix adhesion to fibronectin and cell-cell adhesion to VCAM-1. These interactions have been suggested to contribute to hematopoiesis, lymphocyte homing, recruitment of inflammatory cells, neural crest cell migration and myogenesis. We report here the cloning of chicken α4 cDNA and its use to define the patterns of expression of α4 mRNA and protein in early chicken embryos (19–22 somite pairs), a stage at which neural crest cells can be examined at various points in their migration and somitic development and differentiation can also be observed at various stages. We observe widespread expression of both α4 mRNA and protein, although the patterns of steady state expression do not conform precisely. Many neural crest cells contain significant levels of α4 mRNA. Some neural crest cells express α4 protein but its expression is transient and/or limited to a subset of these cells. α4 is strongly expressed at both mRNA and protein levels by somi...
RIGIDITY OF THE INERTIAL MOMENT OF LARGE INTERACTING MANY-FERMION SYSTEMS IN PERTURBATION THEORY

As a result of an addendum and a correction to the author's previous work, the vanishing of interaction effects on the inertial moment of a large many- fermion system, moving under periodic boundary conditions, in the second order of particle-particle coupling is established. The result is independent of potential form. A proof extending the theorem to all orders is given. (auth)
CZCS view of an oceanic acid waste dump

Plumes from the acid waste dump in the New York Bight were visible in all nine cloud-free Coastal Zone Color Scanner images from April and May 1981. The CZCS subsurface radiance channels displayed consistent spectral characteristics, which consisted of a strong increase in the 550 nm channel and a moderate increase in the 520 nm channel relative to the surrounding coastal waters. The 443 nm channel showed no change or a slight decrease in radiance within the plumes. These anomalous radiances preclude the calculation of pigment in the dump plumes using existing algorithms. However, the high radiances of the 550 nm channel can be used to examine the flow patterns of surface water in the vicinity of the dump.
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO and ZnO/ZnS colloidal nanocrystals

We report on colloidal synthesis of ZnO and novel ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals (NCs) from zinc alkoxy alkyl precursors in the MeIm/H 2 O coordinating solvent. The results of NC structural and optical characterization are presented.
Symplectic scaling of transfer maps including fringe fields

A method is introduced that provides an accurate and fast approximation of high-order maps of fringe fields and other fields that change along the reference trajectory. While the effects of main fields of optical elements can be determined very efficiently with differential algebraic (DA) methods via exponentiation of the respective propagator, the computation of high-order maps of nonstationary fields in general requires time-consuming DA integration. The method of symplectic scaling presented in this paper provides a very fast approximation of such maps by relating an arbitrary map to a specific previously computed map. This is achieved by a combination of geometric scaling and scaling with rigidity performed in a canonically perturbative treatment of a strength parameter. The method is useful for detailed analysis of nonlinear motion in particle optics, which in many cases is strongly influenced or even dominated by the presence of fringe fields. The use of the symplectic scaling method typically speeds up the computation of fringe-field effects by around two orders of magnitude and thus approaches speeds similar to that of the main-field calculation. The method has been implemented in the code COSY INFINITY; several examples from various subfields of beam physics are given to illustrate the accuracy and speed of the method. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Structural equations and causation: six counterexamples

Hall [(2007), Philosophical Studies, 132, 109–136] offers a critique of structural equations accounts of actual causation, and then offers a new theory of his own. In this paper, I respond to Hall’s critique, and present some counterexamples to his new theory. These counterexamples are then diagnosed.
GABAA receptors in auditory brainstem nuclei of the chick during development and after cochlea removal.

Abstract The presence of GABA A receptors (GABARs) in auditory brainstem nuclei of the chick was determined by immunocytochemical (ICC) and receptor autoradiographic techniques. A monoclonal antibody to the GABAR/benzodiazepine/chloride channel complex and radiolabeled ligand binding using [ 3 H]-muscimol, a GABA agonist, revealed labeling in nucleus magnocellularis (NM), nucleus laminaris (NL), nucleus angularis (NA), and the superior olive (SO) in both posthatch and embryonic chicks. GABAR-immunoreactivity (GABAR-I), as well as [ 3 H]-muscimol binding, appear homogeneous throughout these nuclei at all ages studied. During development, GABAR-I is first observed in these nuclei around embryonic day 13 (E13). GABAR-I, which appears heavier in embryos than in posthatch chicks, becomes less intense with age in all 4 nuclei. Levels of receptor binding are also greater in embryos compared to posthatch chicks. [ 3 H]-Muscimol binding is consistently greatest in SO followed by that in NL. NM and NA exhibit the least amount of binding at all ages studied. [ 3 H]-Muscimol binding decreases in auditory brainstem nuclei as a function of age. Two days after unilateral cochlea removal, there is an apparent increase in GABAR-I in the ipsilateral NM compared to controls. This, however, may be the result of a decrease in the cross-sectional area of NM neurons as a result of de-afferentation (Born and Rubel, 1985). In contrast, there is a 28% decrease in [ 3 H]-muscimol binding in the ipsilateral NM compared to controls probably reflecting the 30% reduction in the number of NM neurons due to cochlea removal (Born and Rubel, 1985). Fourteen days after cochlea removal, there is still a small, but not significant, decrease in [ 3 H]-muscimol binding in the ipsilateral NM. In the contralateral NM, GABAR-I is less intense compared to that in the ipsilateral NM and controls. Additionally, there is a slight but insignificant decrease in [ 3 H]-muscimol binding compared to that in controls 2 days after cochlea removal. After 14 days survival, however, the average binding is similar to that in controls. Thus, cochlea removal appears to transiently decrease the number of GABARs in the ipsilateral NM and may have a similar, but not as dramatic, effect in the contralateral NM. These GABARs are most likely to be postsynaptic, that is, located on NM neurons.
A simulation of the vertical split head failure in rails

Abstract A two-dimensional analysis is presented to assess a possible mechanism to account for the axial cracking behavior in rails which is usually called a vertical split head failure. This failure is potentially damaging and may eventually lead to derailment. The vertical split head is simulated in the present analysis as a vertical crack in an eccentrically loaded infinite strip, representing the head, loaded on its upper surface and constrained on its lower surface, approximating the web constraint. The vertical crack is modeled as distributed dislocations. By using Fourier tarnsforms, the interior stress field and stress intensity factors at the crack tip are determined from the derived coupled integral equations. The calculated stress field indicates that the initiation of a vertical defect is more likely to be caused by the influence of residual stresses upon an existing rail defect, such as an inclusion. Moreover, the growth of the crack is constrained to within the rail head by the high magnitudes of compressive stresses that occur beneath the contact loading and the head-web juncture.
Nonnegatively curved vector bundles with large normal holonomy groups

When B is a biquotient, we show that there exist vector bundles over B with metrics of nonnegative curvature whose normal holonomy groups have arbitrarily large dimension.
Detailed Computation of Ultraviolet Spectra in Rarefied Hypersonic Flow

Anewnonequilibrium radiationmodelisdescribedthatpredictstheultravioletspectrum ofhydroxyl (OH)from theelectronictransition A ! X fore owconditionscorrespondingto thebow-shockultraviolet2e ightexperiment. Unlike previous studies, the new model includes the direct analysis of the electronically and vibrationally excited states, OH(A;v 0 = 0;1;2), of OH in the e owe eld simulations. The e owe eld is analyzed using the direct simulation MonteCarlo method. Resultsarepresented forthealtituderangeof80 ‐100km,wheretheKnudsen numbervaries from 0.036 to 1.3. The computation uses algorithms that improve the numerical resolution of the excited states that typically occur at molefractions of 10 i 15 . The collisional transfer of rotational and vibrational energies of the electronic state, OH (A), arealso studied in detail. It is demonstrated that the usual assumption made in continuum radiation models, that the rotational and vibrational temperatures of the electronically excited state are the same as thoseof theground stateof the bulk e ow, fails. An important improvement is achieved in the spectral prediction using the new nonequilibrium radiation model, and good agreement is obtained between e ight data and emission predictions over a range of altitudes.
Fractional harmonics in a plasma

Theoretical study of plasma nonlinearity effects that cannot be described by modified linear theory, such, for example, as those effects that arise only when a source of disturbances in a plasma reaches a certain threshold amplitude. In particular, the possibility of fractional harmonic generation, independently of the requirements of the plasma wave decay, is investigated.
Effects of prostacyclin on hepatic metastases from human pancreatic cancer in the nude mouse

Abstract Human pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy, with systemic metastases ultimately accounting for its grave prognosis. Arachidonic acid metabolites known to affect platelet function also interfere with tumor growth and metastases. We evaluated the effect of prostacyclin on the hepatic metastases of a human pancreatic cancer in a nude mouse model. The mean surface area of tumor on the liver was significantly reduced in all treatment groups. In the control group 485 mm 2 of tumor was present on the liver surface. Animals treated with 200 μg of prostacyclin 0.5 hr prior to the injection of tumor cells had 21 mm 2 of tumor present on the liver surface ( P = 0.004). Similarly, 400 μg of prostacyclin caused a reduction of tumor surface area to 20 mm 2 ( P = 0.004). The maximal reduction of tumor surface area, 11 mm 2 , was observed when 200 μg of prostacyclin was given 0.5 hr prior to and 4.0 hr after the injection of tumor cells ( P = 0.003). For the group given 200 μg of prostacyclin 4.0 hr after the injection of tumor, the surface area of tumor was 85 mm 2 ( P = 0.017). The number of tumor colonies on the liver surface was significantly reduced from 20 to 11 when 200 μg of prostacyclin was administered intraperitoneally 0.5 hr before and 4.0 hr after the injection of tumor cells ( P = 0.047). These results indicate that prostacyclin has antimetastatic activity on hepatic metastases from a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the nude mouse.
Tunable blue astro-comb

We developed a tunable, visible frequency comb near 420nm with 22GHz mode spacing and 20nm spectral width, which is able to calibrate astronomical spectrographs to search Earth-like exoplanets orbiting around stars similar to the Sun.
Reusable execution replay: execution record and replay for source code reuse

A key problem during source code reuse is that, to reuse even a small section of code from a program, a programmer must include a huge amount of dependency source code from elsewhere in the same program. These dependencies are no- toriously large and complex, and many can only be known at runtime. In this paper, we propose execution record/replay as a solution to this problem. We describe a novel reuse technique that allows programmers to reuse functions from a C or C++ program, by recording the execution of the program and selectively modifying how its functions are re- played. We have implemented our technique and evaluated it in a preliminary study in which two programmers used our tool to complete four tasks over four hours.
Metallotexaphyrins: a new family of photosensitisers for efficient generation of singlet oxygen

The photophysical properties of a new series of tripyrroledimethine-derived ‘expanded porphyrins’(‘texaphyrins’) are reported; these compounds show strong low energy optical absorptions in the 730–770 nm spectral range as well as a high triplet quantum yield, and act as efficient photosensitizers for the production of singlet oxygen in methanol solution.
Enhancement of Conventional Phenotypic Methods with Molecular-Based Methods for the More Definitive Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Abstract Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have traditionally been identified by phenotypic characteristics, including morphology, growth rates, pigmentation, temperature preference, and biochemical testing profiles. Unfortunately, these methods are laborious, relatively slow, and often subjective, and they may cause delays or even errors in therapeutic strategies. Importantly, incorrect identification may occur, because more than one species can possess the same phenotypic traits. This phenotypic overlap is a special concern for newly described species, for which detailed phenotypic characteristics are often lacking. Recently, a major transformation from phenotypic to molecular methods was ignited by an increase in the number of publications recommending molecular techniques for more definitive identification of NTM. Molecular methods, including PCR restriction enzyme analysis and DNA gene sequence analysis, are currently advocated. The latter technique is now recognized as the "gold standard" for the identification of the NTM. Although declining in importance, phenotypic tests still play a role in the identification of the NTM, especially descriptions of new species.
Laboratory performance testing, installation, and commissioning of the wide field upgrade tracker for the Hobby-Eberly Telescope

A major upgrade of the HET is in process that increases the pupil size to 10 meters and the field of view to 22’ by replacing the four-mirror corrector and prime focus instrument package to track the sidereal and non-sidereal motions of astronomical targets. To support the new payload a new Tracker, comprising 13 axes, and weighing 20 tons, was designed, built and tested at the University of Texas Center for Electromechanics, in Austin, Texas. It was then disassembled and installed on the HET. Structural modifications were performed on the upper hexagon of the telescope structure to support the net increase of 15% to the total mass of the system and maintain fundamental mode performance of 5Hz. Testing in the laboratory, as well as subsequent commissioning tests on the HET, confirm that the Tracker will position the payload to acquire and track within the specified +/-9.5um de-center, +/-15um de-focus, and +/-4.4 arc-sec tip/tilt requirement*.
Theory of NRZ recording

The width of the transition region between oppositely magnetized regions in nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) digital recording is calculated by minimizing the energies involved, taking into account to a first approximation the interaction with the read-head. The writing process is neglected and argued to be relatively unimportant. The width is found to be in agreement with all available experimental data on pulse width when the binary digits are long (low-recording packing densities). The average field in the magnetized regions at high-packing densities is found to be rather well approximated by a field of a point dipole, thus justifying the previous calculations (which assumed such a dipole field) whose results for the maximum packing density also agree with experiment. The signal amplitude at low-recording packing densities, calculated from the same potentials, fits the experiment rather well, especially if cubic, rather than uniaxial, anisotropy is assumed. It seems that a better fit might be obtained if a better approximation is used for the interaction with read-head.
Heavy-tailed longitudinal data modeling using copulas

Abstract In this paper, we consider “heavy-tailed” data, that is, data where extreme values are likely to occur. Heavy-tailed data have been analyzed using flexible distributions such as the generalized beta of the second kind, the generalized gamma and the Burr. These distributions allow us to handle data with either positive or negative skewness, as well as heavy tails. Moreover, it has been shown that they can also accommodate cross-sectional regression models by allowing functions of explanatory variables to serve as distribution parameters. The objective of this paper is to extend this literature to accommodate longitudinal data, where one observes repeated observations of cross-sectional data. Specifically, we use copulas to model the dependencies over time, and heavy-tailed regression models to represent the marginal distributions. We also introduce model exploration techniques to help us with the initial choice of the copula and a goodness-of-fit test of elliptical copulas for model validation. In a longitudinal data context, we argue that elliptical copulas will be typically preferred to the Archimedean copulas. To illustrate our methods, Wisconsin nursing homes utilization data from 1995 to 2001 are analyzed. These data exhibit long tails and negative skewness and so help us to motivate the need for our new techniques. We find that time and the nursing home facility size as measured through the number of beds and square footage are important predictors of future utilization. Moreover, using our parametric model, we provide not only point predictions but also an entire predictive distribution.
Untraceable RFID tags via insubvertible encryption

We introduce a new cryptographic primitive, called insubvertible encryption, that produces ciphertexts which can be randomized without the need of any key material. Unlike plain universal re-encryption schemes, insubvertible encryption prevents against adversarial exploitation of hidden channels, by including certificates proving that the ciphertext can only be decrypted by authorized parties.The scheme can be applied to RFID tags, providing strong protection against tracing. This enables post-sale applications of manufacturer-issued RFID tags while preserving the privacy of consumers. The functionality required of the RFID tags is minimal, namely that they be re-writable (many-writable). No cryptographic capabilities are required of the tags themselves, as the readers perform all necessary computations.
Fracture in single crystal NiTi

Abstract This paper presents an investigation of the pseudoelastic transformation of two crystallographic orientations of a single crystal NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA). Both uniaxial tension and notched tension samples are considered with the tensile axes along the [1 0 0] and [1 1 1] directions. The phase transformation is observed using optical techniques in situ. For the uniaxial tension samples, martensite plates and Luders-band structures are observed. For the notched samples, transformation structures in the [1 0 0] sample appeared predominantly on the sides of the notch and crack tip with stable crack propagation. In the [1 1 1] notched samples transformation occurs directly ahead of the notch and unstable crack propagation is observed. An available work criterion is used to predict the location of the transformation, with good agreement to the experimental observations. The different fracture behavior of the two notched sample orientations is explained utilizing the available work calculations.
Doing more with more information: Changing healthcare planning with OLAP tools

On-line analytical processing (OLAP) is an example of a new breed of tools for decision support that give decision makers the flexibility to customize the selection, aggregation, and presentation of data. To understand the impact of this type of tool, we study an implementation of an OLAP interface on the CATCH data warehouse used by knowledge workers at a regional health planning agency in the State of Florida. The results of a qualitative field study show that after the OLAP implementation, these workers made use of the additional capabilities of OLAP (e.g., aggregation levels and intuitive data manipulation), thereby leveraging their individual abilities to enhance and expand on the tasks they performed for their community. Consequently, they were able to perform in more of a consultative role to their clients, and improved their reputation in the community they serve. This research adds a new dimension to prior research in data warehousing by focusing on the decision support capabilities of OLAP.
Proteomic Characterization of the Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 Photosynthetic Membrane: Identification of New Proteins

The Rhodobacter sphaeroides intracytoplasmic membrane (ICM) is an inducible membrane that is dedicated to the major events of bacterial photosynthesis, including harvesting light energy, separating primary charges, and transporting electrons. In this study, multichromatographic methods coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, combined with subcellular fractionation, was used to test the hypothesis that the photosynthetic membrane of R. sphaeroides 2.4.1 contains a significant number of heretofore unidentified proteins in addition to the integral membrane pigment-protein complexes, including light-harvesting complexes 1 and 2, the photochemical reaction center, and the cytochrome bc1 complex described previously. Purified ICM vesicles are shown to be enriched in several abundant, newly identified membrane proteins, including a protein of unknown function (AffyChip designation RSP1760) and a possible alkane hydroxylase (RSP1467). When the genes encoding these proteins are mutated, specific photosynthetic phenotypes are noted, illustrating the potential new insights into solar energy utilization to be gained by this proteomic blueprint of the ICM. In addition, proteins necessary for other cellular functions, such as ATP synthesis, respiration, solute transport, protein translocation, and other physiological processes, were also identified to be in association with the ICM. This study is the first to provide a more global view of the protein composition of a photosynthetic membrane from any source. This protein blueprint also provides insights into potential mechanisms for the assembly of the pigment-protein complexes of the photosynthetic apparatus, the formation of the lipid bilayer that houses these integral membrane proteins, and the possible functional interactions of ICM proteins with activities that reside in domains outside this specialized bioenergetic membrane.
Guest induced transformations of assembled pyridyl bis-urea macrocycles

Pyridine macrocycles with no cavities assembled into close packed columns yet absorbed guests including hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and iodine.
Changes in Parent Motivation Predicts Changes in Body Mass Index z-Score (zBMI) and Dietary Intake Among Preschoolers Enrolled in a Family-Based Obesity Intervention

Objectives To examine whether changes in parent motivation over the course of a pediatric obesity intervention are significantly associated with long-term changes in treatment outcomes. Methods Study hypotheses were tested with a secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial (N ¼ 42). Study analyses tested whether baseline to posttreatment change in total score for a self-report parent motivation measure (Parent Motivation Inventory [PMI]) was significantly associated with baseline to 6-month follow-up changes in body mass index z-score (zBMI), dietary variables, and physical activity. Results Increases in PMI were significantly associated with decreased zBMI, decreased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and sweets, and increased consumption of artificially sweetened beverages. Conclusions Given that increases in parent motivation were associated with some treatment benefits, future research should evaluate the impact of directly assessing and targeting parent motivation on weight outcomes for preschoolers participating in a weight management program.
Glutamylation of Nap1 modulates histone H1 dynamics and chromosome condensation in Xenopus

Linker histone H1 is required for mitotic chromosome architecture in Xenopus laevis egg extracts and, unlike core histones, exhibits rapid turnover on chromatin. Mechanisms regulating the recruitment, deposition, and dynamics of linker histones in mitosis are largely unknown. We found that the cytoplasmic histone chaperone nucleosome assembly protein 1 (Nap1) associates with the embryonic isoform of linker histone H1 (H1M) in egg extracts. Immunodepletion of Nap1 decreased H1M binding to mitotic chromosomes by nearly 50%, reduced H1M dynamics as measured by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and caused chromosome decondensation similar to the effects of H1M depletion. Defects in H1M dynamics and chromosome condensation were rescued by adding back wild-type Nap1 but not a mutant lacking sites subject to posttranslational modification by glutamylation. Nap1 glutamylation increased the deposition of H1M on sperm nuclei and chromatin-coated beads, indicating that charge-shifting posttranslational modification of Nap1 contributes to H1M dynamics that are essential for higher order chromosome architecture.
Testing the test: The reliability of echocardiography in the sequential assessment of valvular regurgitation

Abstract Background and Objective Substantial variability in serial echocardiographic qualitative assessment of valvular regurgitation may exist. Reader variability is generally well understood, but acquisition variability (portions of variability caused by equipment, sonographers, physiologic changes) has been less frequently assessed, particularly in combination with reader variability. We attempted to determine the relative contributions of acquisition and reader variability as components of total test-retest variability for aortic (AR) and mitral (MR) regurgitation. Methods Outpatient echocardiographic study was done at 2 clinical sites. Twenty-three predominantly obese middle-aged females had 3 echocardiograms, 2 performed 14 ± 3 days apart and the third performed within 1 to 2 hours of the second. Triplets of echocardiograms were evaluated for change in grade of AR and MR. Medical history, anthropometrics, and blood pressures were obtained. Results Average intrareader variability (percentage of reads for which there is within-reader disagreement) was 5.6% for AR and 16.7% for MR. The average total test-retest variability (percentage of reads for which there is disagreement between visits) was 29.0% for AR and 24.6% for MR. The acquisition variability for AR was 23.4% ± 7.7%; for MR, it was 7.9% ± 10.2%. A significant predictor of change for AR/MR was the initial grade. Change in diastolic blood pressure was positively associated with change in AR and MR. Conclusions Intrareader agreement was substantial for AR and MR. Components of total test-retest variability found were reader, biological (change in diastolic blood pressure), and regression to the mean. Recommendations for clinical practice include monitoring blood pressure changes and understanding the confidence limits of the clinical test. Test-retest variability and its components should be considered in echocardiography and other diagnostic testing. (Am Heart J 2002;144:115-21.)
A collisi on avoidance concept for VDL mode 2

The FAA is currently investigating the migration path to data-enabled digital air traffic services using VDL mode 2. Under certain loading conditions, simulations have shown that VDL mode 2 cannot meet future delay requirements with more than a few dozen aircraft per channel. Since the VDL radios must share limited spectrum with the current analog voice radios, this poses a problem during the transition period. Analysis has show that collisions of the transmitted data frames lead to retransmissions and increased delays. This paper investigates a method to reduce theses collisions through modification of the MAC protocol in the hope of increasing the capacity of a VDL mode 2 channel. Several possible future traffic profiles are used to compare the performance of the modified VDL mode 2 protocol against the standard. A discussion on the modifications necessary to implement these changes, along with interoperability issues with standard VDL mode 2 radios, is presented.
Photovoltaics based on nanotubes filled with nanoparticles: generalized Mie theory approach

Gold nanoparticles have interesting properties of nano-antennas that focus the radiation field into relatively small, much smaller than the wavelength of radiation, regions. Optical and electronic properties of nano-wires experiencing huge field enhancement can be modified due to these plasmonic interactions. We have developed a generalized Mie theory to demonstrate the effect of enhancement of the electric field near gold nanoparticles and study novel optical and electronic properties of these new structures: nanotubes filled with metal nanoparticles and nano-wires with metal nanoparticles as inclusions on their surface. In the paper, we discuss the applications of such novel nanoscale hybrid metal/semiconductor composites to sensitive sensors and efficient photovoltaics.
Assessing Measurement Invariance of the Diabetes Stress Questionnaire in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Rebecca C. Kamody, BS, Department ofPsychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. E-mail: rebecca.kamody@gmail.comReceived April 22, 2014; revisions received August 15, 2014; accepted August 17, 2014Objective To evaluate the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Diabetes StressQuestionnaire (DSQ), a measure of diabetes-specific stress, across sex, age ( 15,000 new cases diagnosed every year(American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2013a; Centersfor Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013). If notmanaged properly, glycemic control will be affected, result-ing in serious complications, including, but not limited to,heart disease, stroke, neuropathy, nephropathy, glaucoma,diabetic ketoacidosis, and death (ADA, 2013b). Risks ofdiabetes complications are reduced by following an inten-sive regimen, which requires individuals to monitor theirdiet, exercise regularly, test blood sugar levels numeroustimes per day, and either administer multiple insulin injec-tions or use an insulin pump to adhere to a basal/bolusinsulin regimen (National Diabetes InformationClearinghouse, 2014; Silverstein et al., 2005). Althoughdiabetes management can be difficult at any age, it canbe particularly challenging for adolescents with T1D(Greening, Stoppelbein, Konishi, Jordan, & Moll, 2007).Multiple interacting factors influence diabetes out-comes such as glycemic control and quality of life, includ-ing access to medical care, parent education andinvolvement, and demographic characteristics (i.e., sex,age, etc.), among many others (Franklin et al., 2014;Naughton et al., 2014; Valenzuela et al., 2014). One ex-planation for the difficulties that adolescents experiencewith their diabetes management is the role of diabetes-specific stress (Malik & Koot, 2009; Smith et al., 2013).Based on Baum’s (1990) general definition of stress,diabetes-specific stress is defined here as a typically
Unambiguity verification and execution prioritization of rule set

Rule set is a commonly used structure in rule engine. As an unambiguous rule set, the execution result in any context should be independent from the rule execution sequence. This paper proposes the necessary conditions of primal rule set to be unambiguous. An unambiguity verification algorithm for general rule set is also proposed to improve the unambiguity checking efficiency based on condition expression structural information. Rule set execution efficiency is really dependent on rule execution sequence. This paper discuss how to reduce the times of condition checking by sorting rules according to rule execution trace. Two heuristic algorithms are proposed for the optimization problem. The efficiency of the algorithms is illustrated through a toy example.
Long-Pulsed Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser for Glomuvenous Malformations in Adolescents

Currently there exist few reported cases where lasers are used successfully to treat glomuvenous malformations in adolescents. In the two cases described here, we provide evidence that the long-pulsed neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser is an effective and safe alternative treatment for these lesions. Our case series is unique because it focuses on adolescents, the population that most often seeks treatment for this dermatologic condition.
National trends in mental health disability, 1997-2009.

Objectives. I assessed recent trends in mental health disability in the US nonelderly adult population in the context of trends in physical disabilities and psychological distress.Methods. Using data for 312 364 adults aged 18 to 64 years from the US National Health Interview Survey, 1997 to 2009, I examined time trends in self-reported disability attributed to mental health conditions, disability attributed to other chronic problems, and significant psychological distress (measured by using the K6 instrument).Results. The prevalence of self-reported mental health disability increased from 2.0% of the nonelderly adult population in the first 3 years (1997 to 1999) to 2.7% in the last 3 years (2007 to 2009), corresponding to an increase of almost 2 million disabled adults. Disability attributed to other chronic conditions decreased and significant psychological distress did not change appreciably. Change in self-reported mental health disability was more pronounced in adults who also reported disability at...