cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF99mTc RADIOAEROSOL VENTILATION AND MACROAGGREGATED ALBUMIN PERFUSION IMAGING FOR THE DETECTION OF PULMONARY EMBOLI IN THE DOG

This study was undertaken to design protocol for use of radioaerosol of technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) for ventilation imaging as clinical tool in the dog and to evaluate imaging characteristics in both normal dogs and dogs with simulated pulmonary embolism. Clearance of the 99mTc-DTPA radioaerosol from the lung was also evaluated. Six normal dogs were used in two phases: (1) as their own controls and (2) during pulmonary artery occlusion using Swan-Ganz catheter. Radioaerosol ventilation images were obtained and rate of clearance from normal and occluded lungs determined. Perfusion studies using technetium-99m-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) immediately followed. Clearance half-times (T1/2) were found to be significantly increased (p < 0.05) in acutely occluded lungs; however, the small magnitude of this change was visually difficult to detect on the ventilation images. Good quality initial ventilation and perfusion images were obtained and provided ready evaluation of ventilation (V), perfusion (Q), and induced V/Q mismatches. A clinical case of pulmonary thromboembolic disease was also evaluated with diagnostic result, indicating that this method of V/Q scintigraphy can provide useful information in those clinical cases in which pulmonary thromboembolism is suspected.
Results and Prospects for the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) Experiment

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) experiment, located at the Soudan underground mine, operated 30 low-temperature Ge and Si detectors for several years to search for Weakly Interacting Massive dark matter Particles (WIMPs). Due to their excellent background discrimination power and low energy threshold, our detectors have provided world-leading sensitivity for WIMP-nucleon interactions for most of the past decade over a large WIMP mass range. The final exposure of our CDMS II detectors yielded two candidate events, with an expected background of 0.9 ± 0.2 events, and this result was published in March 2010 in Science. A reanalysis of 8 Ge detectors with a lowered, 2 keV recoil energy threshold, provided increased sensitivity to interactions from WIMPs with masses below 10 GeV/c2 and excluded possible low-mass WIMP signals from the DAMA/LIBRA and CoGeNT experiments. The CDMS collaboration is moving forward with the SuperCDMS experiments at Soudan and SNOLAB with the goal of probing the zeptobarn scale and beyond over the next decade. To achieve this goal, a new generation of larger mass detectors with interleaved geometry for the phonon and ionization readout has been developed.
Multifocal metachronous giant cell tumor in a 15-year-old boy

We report a case of multifocal metachronous giant cell tumor (GCT) that involved the fibula, tibia, and sacrum of a 15-year-old boy. Multifocal GCT of bone presenting in children is an exceedingly rare phenomenon; however, there is evidence that multifocal GCT presents, on average, at a younger age than solitary GCT. Pediatric radiologists should be aware of this when encountering a single lesion with characteristic radiographic features of GCT and when encountering multiple lytic skeletal lesions.
Concentration-dependent magnetic birefringence measurements in the isotropic phase of a lyotropic liquid crystal

The concentration and temperature dependences of the Cotton-Mouton coefficient C for the binary mixture cesium perfluoro-octanoate and water close to a nearly-second-order nematic-isotropic transition are reported. It was found that (T-${T}^{\mathrm{*}}$)C is a weakly decreasing function of concentration, indicating a significant concentration dependence of the micelle structure.
Dispositionality: Beyond The Biconditionals

Suppose dispositions bear a distinctive connection to counterfactual facts, perhaps one that could be enshrined in a variation on the well-worn schema ‘Necessarily, x is disposed to ϕ in ψ iff x would ϕ in ψ’. Could we exploit this connection to provide an account of what it is to be a disposition? This paper is about four views of dispositionality that attempt to do so.
Symptoms Experienced During Menopausal Transition: Korean Women in South Korea and the United States

This article reports on cultural influences on symptoms experienced during menopausal transition of Korean women in South Korea and Korean immigrant women in the United States. Data from independent studies of two groups of Korean women were triangulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The analysis indicated that Korean women in South Korea tended to report more symptoms than Korean immigrant women in the United States. Types and severity of prevalent symptoms were also found to be different between the two groups. The findings suggest that recent introduction of menopausal industries in South Korea and contextual influences on Korean women's work and immigration in the United States would be the reason for differences. Based on the findings, implications for future research are proposed.
Further examination of BAFF SNPs in cGVHD.

To the editor: A recent study of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the B-cell activating factor (BAFF) gene in patients revealed the potential relevance of genetic disparity in the BAFF gene to chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) development.[1][1] Four recipient SNPs were reported to
Observed and computed radiation from first to fourth contact during a total solar eclipse

A comparison is given of the observed and the computed solar radiation received on a horizontal surface throughout an eclipse in Brazil in 1947. The radiation was measured with an Eppley pyrheliometer, standardized by the Astrophysical Observatory of the Smithsonian Institution. The ratio Rt/Ro is the computed radiation at time t referred to the radiation Ro at first contact. Figure 1. where a is the fractional area of the Sun's disk not covered by the Moon; b is a correction factor (ranging from 1.02 to 0.7) to account for the diminution in brightness of the solar disk as the limb is approached; sin α gives the vertical component of the radiation on a horizontal surface for a solar altitude α; p is the transmission coefficient, taken as 0.8 (altitude 2200 ft); z is the zenith angle; sec z gives the air mass. The results are given in a graph, extending from first to fourth contact. The observed and computed values of the radiation are in close agreement.
Photofragment spectroscopy of covalently bound transition metal complexes: a window into C-H and C-C bond activation by transition metal ions

Transition metal cations M+ and metal oxide cations MO+ can activate C–H and C–C bonds in hydrocarbons. In this review, we discuss our studies of the electronic spectroscopy and dissociation dynamics of the intermediates, reactants and products of these reactions using photofragment spectroscopy. Results are presented on the spectroscopy of the intermediates of methane activation by FeO+, as well as on the spectroscopy of FeO+, NiO+ and PtO+. Resonance enhanced photodissociation allows us to measure the electronic spectroscopy of FeO+ below the dissociation limit with rotational resolution. Complementary time-dependent B3LYP calculations of excited electronic states of FeO+ and NiO+ are in surprisingly good agreement with experiment. Dissociation onsets give upper limits to bond strengths for Fe , Co , Ni , Ta and Au . These results are compared to thermodynamic measurements, and the extent to which rotational energy contributes to dissociation is investigated. The spectroscopy of the π-bonded complexes P...
Considering the temporary leader in temporary work arrangements: Sensemaking processes of internal interim leaders

Though temporary work arrangements have garnered increased attention among scholars and practitioners, there has been little research into internal interim leaders (i.e. interims hired from within the organization) as a distinct case of temporary worker and leader. Internal interims are a fixture in organizational leadership and often serve during critical periods of change. As such, it is important to examine these leaders’ actions and the social, organizational, and individual dynamics that inform them. Toward this end, the present study examines the sensemaking processes of 24 internal interims using a qualitative approach. We describe five distinct sensemaking processes (dutiful, traditional, aspiring, reluctant, and self-conscious) shared by the 24 participants and discuss how several social dynamics (message valence and consistency) and individual factors (prior leadership and future aspirations) influenced these divergent processes. Further, we contend that internal interims adopt more passive (car...
Turbulence Production by Rough Boundaries

of roughness in an incompressible turbulent boundary layer include the increased production of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) and altered the nature of the skin drag. By formulating the exact Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes and the turbulence kinetic energy equations in a manner that includes an arbitrary roughness, the averaged terms representing the roughness production of TKE and the roughness drag can be written explicitly. These terms are calculated from a collection of direct numerical simulations (DNS) wherein the roughness geometry is represented using the immersed boundary methodology. The roughness geometry is limited to a simple array of vertically oriented cylinders in these simulations. The results include an examination of the partitioning of the production of TKE into canonical shear production and production by roughness, and the partitioning of drag into form drag and viscous shear drag. The relevance of the partioning will be discussed in the context of turbulence modeling
Effective and scalable uncertainty evaluation for large-scale complex system applications

Effective uncertainty evaluation is a critical step toward real-time and robust decision-making for complex systems in uncertain environments. A Multivariate Probabilistic Collocation Method (M-PCM) was developed to effectively evaluate system uncertainty. The method smartly chooses a limited number of simulations to produce a low-order mapping, which precisely predicts the mean output of the original system mapping up to certain degrees. While the M-PCM significantly reduces the number of simulations, it does not scale with the number of uncertain parameters, making it difficult to use for large-scale applications that typically involve a large number of uncertain parameters. In this paper, we develop a method to break the curse of dimensionality. The method integrates M-PCM and Orthogonal Fractional Factorial Designs (OFFDs) to maximally reduce the number of simulations from 22m to 2⌈log2(m+1)⌉ for a system mapping of m parameters. The integrated M-PCM-OFFD predicts the correct mean of the original system mapping, and is the most robust to numerical errors among all possible designs of the same number of simulations. The analysis also provides new insightful formal interpretations on the optimality of OFFDs.
Gesturing makes memories that last

When people are asked to perform actions, they remember those actions better than if they are asked to talk about the same actions. But when people talk, they often gesture with their hands, thus adding an action component to talking. The question we asked in this study was whether producing gesture along with speech makes the information encoded in that speech more memorable than it would have been without gesture. We found that gesturing during encoding led to better recall, even when the amount of speech produced during encoding was controlled. Gesturing during encoding improved recall whether the speaker chose to gesture spontaneously or was instructed to gesture. Thus, gesturing during encoding seems to function like action in facilitating memory.
Cutaneous photodamage, oxidative stress, and topical antioxidant protection

Abstract New methods to protect skin from photodamage from sun exposure are necessary if we are to conquer skin cancer and photoaging. Sunscreens are useful, but their protection is not ideal because of inadequate use, incomplete spectral protection, and toxicity. Skin naturally uses antioxidants (AOs) to protect itself from photodamage. This scientific review summarizes what is known about how photodamage occurs; why sunscreens—the current gold standard of photoprotection—are inadequate; and how topical AOs help protect against skin cancer and photoaging changes. This review is intended to be a reference source, including pertinent comprehensive reviews whenever available. Although not all AOs are included, an attempt has been made to select those AOs for which sufficient information is available to document their potential topical uses and benefits. Reviewed are the following physiologic and plant AOs: vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, silymarin, soy isoflavones, and tea polyphenols. Their topical use may favorably supplement sunscreen protection and provide additional anticarcinogenic protection. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;48:1-19.) Learning objective: At the completion of this learning activity, participants should have an understanding of current information about how the sun damages skin to produce skin cancer and photoaging changes, how the skin naturally protects itself from the sun, the shortcomings of sunscreens, and the added advantages of topical AOs for photoprotection.
Cryogenic Yb 3+ -doped materials for pulsed solid-state laser applications [Invited]

We review recent progress in pulsed lasers using cryogenically-cooled Yb3+-doped gain media, with an emphasis on high average power. Recent measurements of thermo-optic properties for various host materials at both room and cryogenic temperature are presented, including thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion and refractive index. Host materials reviewed include Y2O3, Lu2O3, Sc2O3, YLF, YSO, GSAG and YVO4. We report on the performance of several cryogenic Yb lasers operating at 5-kHz pulse repetition frequency (PRF). A Q-switched Yb:YAG laser is shown to operate at 114-W average power, with 16-ns pulse duration. A chirped pulse amplifier achieves 115-W output using a Yb:YAG power amplifier. Output power of 73 W is obtained from a composite Yb:YAG/Yb:GSAG amplifier, with pulses that compress to 1.6 ps. Finally, a high-average-power femtosecond laser based on Yb:YLF is discussed, with results for a 10-W regenerative amplifier at 10-kHZ PRF.
Clinical outcome of diabetic foot ulcers treated with negative pressure wound therapy and the transition from acute care to home care

Diabetic foot ulcers affect millions of people in the United States of America and impose tremendous medical, psychosocial and financial loss or burden. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is generally well tolerated and appears to stimulate a robust granulation tissue response compared with other wound healing modalities. This device may be a cost-effective adjunctive wound healing therapy. This literature review will focus on the clinical outcome of diabetic foot ulcers treated with NPWT, its implication in the transition from acute care to home care, factors that might influence clinical outcomes in home care as well as quality-of-life aspects in these patients. Patient care for diabetic foot ulceration is complex and necessitates multiprofessional collaboration to provide comprehensive wound care. It is clear that when we strive for limb preservation in this most high-risk population, it is important to have an available versatile, efficacious wound healing modality. There is a need for an easy transition from acute care to home care. Resources need to be combined in a collaborative and synergistic fashion to allow patient to perform many daily living activities while receiving the potential benefits of an advanced wound healing modality.
WNT Pathways in the Neonatal Ovine Uterus: Potential Specification of Endometrial Gland Morphogenesis by SFRP2

Endometrial glands are critical for uterine function and develop between birth (Postnatal Day [P] 0) and P56 in the neonatal ewe. Endometrial gland morphogenesis or adenogenesis involves the site-specific budding differentiation of the glandular epithelium from the luminal epithelium followed by their coiling/branching development within the stroma of the intercaruncular areas of the endometrium. To determine whether WNT signaling regulates endometrial adenogenesis, the WNT signaling system was studied in the neonatal ovine uterus. WNT5A, WNT7A, and WNT11 were expressed in the uterine epithelia, whereas WNT2B was in the stroma. The WNT receptors FZD2 and FZD6 and coreceptor LRP6 were detected in all uterine cells, and FZD6 was particularly abundant in the endometrial epithelia. Secreted FZD-related protein-2 (SFRP2), a WNT antagonist, was not detected in the P0 uterus, but was abundant in the aglandular caruncular areas of the endometrium between P7 and P56. Exposure of ewes to estrogens during critical developmental periods inhibits or retards endometrial adenogenesis. Estrogen-induced disruption of endometrial adenogenesis was associated with reduction or ablation of WNT2B, WNT7A, and WNT11, and with an increase in WNT2 and SFRP2 mRNA, depending on exposure period. Collectively, results implicate the canonical and noncanonical WNT pathways in regulation of postnatal ovine uterine development and endometrial adenogenesis. Expression of SFRP2 in aglandular caruncular areas may inhibit the WNT signaling pathway, thereby concentrating WNT signaling and restricting endometrial adenogenesis in the intercaruncular areas of the uterus. Further, estrogen-induced inhibition of adenogenesis may be mediated by a reduction in WNT signaling caused by aberrant induction of SFRP2 and loss of several critical WNTs.
Why Is This Effective HSP90 Inhibitor Not Being Developed in HER2+ Breast Cancer?

Inhibition of the HSP90 chaperone leads to degradation of the HER2 receptor. The HSP90 inhibitor tanespimycin in combination with trastuzumab is active in patients with HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. This combination is one of several HER2-targeted therapies that will significantly improve the outcome of patients with this subtype of breast cancer.
Effect of Trunk Stabilization on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Torque

The purpose of this study was to determine if differences exist in 1) angle-specific torque, 2) torque-velocity relationships, and 3) power-velocity relationships of the quadriceps femoris muscle group when the trunk was and was not stabilized and the starting position was varied. We calculated isokinetic torques from seven adult men while the trunk was and was not stabilized for nine combinations of velocity of movement 0, 30, and 105°/sec) and starting position (40, 60, and 100° of knee flexion). The results suggest that 1) peak angle-specific torques and instantaneous power are greater when the trunk is stabilized, 2) the increase in the trunk-stabilized torque and power was greater at the higher velocity and for the larger ranges of motion, and 3) the testing movement should not begin beyond 30 degrees of the angle of interest.
Cytosolic Phosphorylating Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases Affect Arabidopsis Cellular Metabolism and Promote Seed Oil Accumulation

The cytosolic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC) catalyzes a key reaction in glycolysis, but its contribution to plant metabolism and growth are not well defined. Here, we show that two cytosolic GAPCs play important roles in cellular metabolism and seed oil accumulation. Knockout or overexpression of GAPCs caused significant changes in the level of intermediates in the glycolytic pathway and the ratios of ATP/ADP and NAD(P)H/NAD(P). Two double knockout seeds had ∼3% of dry weight decrease in oil content compared with that of the wild type. In transgenic seeds under the constitutive 35S promoter, oil content was increased up to 42% of dry weight compared with 36% in the wild type and the fatty acid composition was altered; however, these transgenic lines exhibited decreased fertility. Seed-specific overexpression lines had >3% increase in seed oil without compromised seed yield or fecundity. The results demonstrate that GAPC levels play important roles in the overall cellular production of reductants, energy, and carbohydrate metabolites and that GAPC levels are directly correlated with seed oil accumulation. Changes in cellular metabolites and cofactor levels highlight the complexity and tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana cells to the metabolic perturbation. Further implications for metabolic engineering of seed oil production are discussed.
Day 2/Month 2: Wordless/The Words to Say It

I reflect on the psychoanalytic and political and personal meaning—opr meaninglessness—of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.
Improving the Performance of Dynamical Simulations Via Multiple Right-Hand Sides

This paper presents an algorithmic approach for improving the performance of many types of stochastic dynamical simulations. The approach is to redesign existing algorithms that use sparse matrix-vector products (SPMV) with single vectors to instead use a more efficient kernel, the generalized SPMV (GSPMV), which computes with multiple vectors simultaneously. In this paper, we show how to redesign a dynamical simulation to exploit GSPMV in way that is not initially obvious because only one vector is available at a time. We study the performance of GSPMV as a function of the number of vectors, and demonstrate the use of GSPMV in the Stokesian dynamics method for the simulation of the motion of macromolecules in the cell. Specifically, for our application, we find that with modern multicore Intel microprocessors in clusters of up to 64 nodes, we can typically multiply by 8 to 16 vectors in only twice the time required to multiply by a single vector. After redesigning the Stokesian dynamics algorithm to exploit GSPMV, we measure a 30 percent speedup in performance in single-node, data parallel simulations.
Catheter Dwell Time and CLABSIs in Neonates With PICCs: A Multicenter Cohort Study

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the daily risk of central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) increases over the dwell time of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in high-risk neonates. METHODS: Multicenter retrospective cohort including NICU patients with a PICC inserted between January 2005 and June 2010. We calculated incidence rates and used Poisson regression models to assess the risk of developing CLABSI as a function of PICC dwell time. RESULTS: A total of 4797 PICCs placed in 3967 neonates were included; 149 CLABSIs occurred over 89 946 catheter-days (incidence rate 1.66 per 1000 catheter-days). In unadjusted analysis, PICCs with a dwell time of 8 to 13 days, 14 to 22 days, and ≥23 days each had an increased risk of infection compared with PICCs in place for ≤7 days ( P 50 days (incidence rate ratio 5.26, 2.40–10.66). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of CLABSIs increased during the 2 weeks after PICC insertion and then remained elevated until PICC removal. Clinicians should review PICC necessity daily, optimize catheter maintenance practices, and investigate novel CLABSI prevention strategies in PICCs with prolonged dwell times. * Abbreviations: aIRR — : adjusted incidence rate ratio CI — : confidence interval CLABSI — : central line–associated bloodstream infection IP — : infection preventionist IRR — : incidence rate ratio NHSN — : National Healthcare Safety Network PICC — : peripherally inserted central catheter
The Question of Disclosure: Providing a Tool for Evaluating Management's Discussion and Analysis

The quality of Management Discussion and Analysis (MDA current policy calls for expanded disclosure that may come at the cost of investor cognitive overload. This paper provides a more intensive tool for evaluating the qualitative disclosures contained in the MD&A than is currently publicly available. The tool yields a quantitative measure of disclosure that can be used in further empirical or experimental research, or by those wishing to objectively compare disclosures across managers, across firms, or across time.
Preliminary Analysis of Data Relating to the Processing of Freedom of Information Act Requests Received by the UK Ministry of Defence

This research note provides a preliminary analysis of data relating to the processing of 15,627 Freedom of Information Act requests received by the UK Ministry of Defence between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2008. It includes a description of trends in the volume of requests by applicant type, the categorization and disposition of requests, and time required to respond to requests. The main aim is to provide researchers with an intimation of what might be done with data that is collected within departments' FOIA management systems, and released under FOIA.
The implications of turning down an international assignment: a psychological contracts perspective

AbstractPrevious research has generally focused on employees’ willingness to accept international assignments and the rewards that are often associated with them. Little is known, however, about the potential career consequences of declining an international assignment. In this conceptual paper, psychological contract (PC) theory is used to develop propositions outlining factors that are likely to determine whether employees who turn down an international assignment will be viewed as having failed to live up to their obligations, by both the organization and themselves. Our theoretical model suggests that when the PC is breached due to the refusal of an international assignment, it may lead to reduced investments in the employee and, in turn, lower levels of objective and subjective career success for those who have spurned the offer to work abroad. We also address how the consequences of declining international assignments will affect perceptions of choice and international assignment refusal rates withi...
Patient safety in the operating room: I. Preoperative.

Background:Beyond the controlled trauma of surgery, the operating room can be a hazardous place for patients and health care workers alike. Modern plastic surgery requires a thorough knowledge of various perioperative risks and methods to minimize these risks. As the importance of teamwork becomes m
New Sprays Effective in the Control of the Locust Borer

Results are presented of tests of sprays for the control of the locust borer ( Cyllene Robiniae Forst.), particularly on shade trees and in small plantations. Attention was paid to the effects of the sprays on the vegetation surrounding the bases of the trees as well as on the stems. Emulsions containing sodium arsenite, pine-tar oil and paradichlorobenzene, and orthodichlorobenzene were found to give a high degree of control when applied in the early spring while the young borers were present between the bark and wood. Later applications, after the larvae had penetrated the wood, were not so successful. The cost of application was found to be such as to make it feasible to protect shade trees and possibly trees in small plantations. As a preface to this paper, a brief resume of literature is given of the work done by other entomologists during the past twenty-five years to control this borer.
Three-dimensional Free-Surface Flow Model Verification and Validation: Past, Present, and Future Directions

The verification and validation of three-dimensional free-surface flow models has been an active area of research since the emergence of three-dimensional ocean, estuarine, and river models in the late 1980s. Within the ASCE Committee on Computational Hydraulics, initial efforts focused on the collection of field datasets for model evaluation in the early 1990s. Efforts were expanded to address terminology, analytical, laboratory, and field datasets as well as to establish systematic procedures for model verification and validation as documented by Wang et al. (2009). Here, we review these previous and recent efforts within the ASCE Committee on Computational Hydraulics as well as corresponding efforts within the American Geophysical Union (AGU) and the International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research (IAHR) modeling communities. A further discussion of the calculation verification procedure to determine numerical uncertainty for estuarine models is presented based on work by Schmalz (2007). Additional analytical test cases as posted on the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) Websites are presented to further supplement the cases presented by Wang et al. (2009). In addition, skill metrics are reviewed for time series as well as for scalar and vector field evaluation. In conclusion, plans for further development of model verification and validation procedures within the National Ocean Service (NOS) are presented in the context of the Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) framework and the NOS model evaluation environment for the Delaware River and Bay (Patchen, 2008).
Hypopi (Acarina: Hypoderidae) from the Subcutaneous Tissues of the Wood Ibis, Mycteria Americana L.

Heteromorphic deutonymphs (hypopi) of mites of the family Hypoderidae are described from the subcutaneous tissues of the Wood Ibis from Florida. These are identified as Neottialges (Caloenectes) mycteriae , n. sp. and Neottialges (Caloenectes) kutzeri Fain, 1967. The new species differs from others of the subgenus Caloenectes by the pattern of punctations on the idiosoma, anterior sclerotized extensions of epimera III, long whiplike setae d2, and presence of a dorsal opisthosomal furrow. This is the first record of these mites from the host family Ciconiidae in North America. The systematics and biology of these species are discussed.
Influence of Cell Concentration on Respiration Rate of Sperm.

Conclusions1. At sperm concentrations from 1 to 6 billion cells per cc an increase in concentration was accompanied by a decrease in sperm respiration rate. At concentrations of 0.2 to 1 billion sperm per cc this effect of concentration was not invariably observed. 2. In contrast with the behavior of sperm cells, respiration rates of yeast cells remained constant at concentrations from 1 to 8 billion cells per cc. 3. The effect of sperm concentration on sperm respiration rate does not appear to be due to changes in pH, diminished supply of O2 to individual cells, an enzyme, or products of metabolism. 4. When comparisons are to be made of relative respiration rates of semen samples, the samples must be adjusted to the same level of sperm concentration.
Analysis of The Scores of Physical Fitness among Medical Staff in Shunyi District of Beijing City

[Objective]To understand the physical situation of medical staff through physical fitness test so as to provide comprehensive health services for them.[Methods]A total of 273 medical personnel aged 20-59 years were randomly selected in hospitals at all levels in Shunyi District of Beijing,135 male,138 female.Physical fitness test was conducted according to adult part of "National Physical Fitness Evaluation Standard",the test was completed by professionals with unified equipment at the appointed time.[Results]Of all tested people,the highest percentage among the indexes whose score was 5 was 71.8% of the standard weight for height;the highest percentage among the indexes whose score was 0 was 5.0% for vertical jump;the highest percentage among the indexes whose score was higher than 3 was 94.5% of choice reaction time;the highest percentage among the indexes whose score was lower than 3(2.52) was 51.3% for step index.The percentages of score rating for physical fitness were excellent(30.8%),fine(32.2%),qualified(33.0%),and unqualified(4.0%).[Conclusion] Most medical personnel's physical fitness is qualified,but the score of step index is low,physical fitness decreases obviously in the period of middle age.
The observation of clinical curative effect of burn shock stage patients with large cut scab skin grafts

Objective To study the large area deep burn shock stage for extensive clinical curative effect of skin grafts.Methods Retrospectively analyed in March 2009-December 2011 hospital were large deep burn shock stage using cutting scab skin particles of patients treated with the transplantation of 30 cases of clinical data (shock stage for extensive group),another choose our hospital were not in the shock stage large area deep burn were treated by cutting the scab skin transplantation of particles treatment 30 patients (not shock stage for extensive group),the treatment results were retrospectively analyzed.Results The shock stage for extensive skin grafts group began sepsis,MODS incidence,mortality was the shock stage for extensive skin grafts for the low group,P 0.05.Shock stage for extensive group was also the healing time shock stage for extensive group quickly,and the differences were significant,P 0.05.Shock stage cut scab skin grafts groups of patients within 3 weeks of IL-6,IL-8,TNF and LPS averages were significantly lower than the shock stage for extensive group (P 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion After injury cleared wound necrotic tissue and seek to effectively close wounds covering,to reduce the wound infection,and reduce the complications of invasive,accelerate wound healing,shorten the duration of symptoms,and improve the large area deep burn cure rate is very important.
THE PATHOLOGY OF ACUTE NECROSIS OF CARTILAGE IN SLIPPING OF THE CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS. A REPORT OF TWO CASES WITH PATHOLOGICAL SECTIONS.

1. The entity termed acute necrosis of cartilage has again been described 2. The literature concerning this disease has been reviewed and the recent emphasis on the race of the patient has been noted. 3. Two cases of acute necrosis of cartilage in slipping of the capital femoral epiphysis have been presented with roentgenograms, gross findings, and microscopic sections. 4. Based on these findings, it is concluded that race may play some part but that the disease can occur in any racial group and that infection, deprivation of blood supply to the femoral head, and rheumatoid arthritis were not etiological agents in the two patients studied. It was postulated that the cartilage perished as a result of interference with the production of synovial fluid, but no explanation was found as to why this should occur following slipping of a capital femoral epiphysis.
Distal Radius Fractures: A Clinical Casebook

Distal radius fractures, particularly metaphyseal fractures, are common injuries in pediatric populations. Treatment decisions are made taking into account deformity, physeal involvement, articular involvement, mechanism of injury, other coexisting injuries, and the amount of growth remaining or potential for remodeling. Torus and minimally displaced distal radius fractures are stable injuries that tend to do well with nonoperative management, even without long-term immobilization or follow-up. Many displaced fractures may be treated with closed reduction, immobilization, and serial clinical evaluation and radiographs. The quality of the reduction and casting technique are likely more important than the specific type of immobilization when treating these fractures nonoperatively. There are not clear prognostic criteria for which pediatric distal radius metaphyseal fractures require operative intervention; however, factors associated with fracture redisplacement include initial displacement, fracture obliquity, direction of angulation, quality of initial reduction, and the experience of the individual performing the reduction. When surgical management is indicated, meticulous surgical exposure and delicate tissue handling are paramount for avoiding iatrogenic injury to the physis, periosteum, and perichondrium. Regardless of whether nonoperative or surgical management is pursued, meticulous technique and a thorough knowledge of pediatric anatomy and bone physiology are crucial for avoiding poor outcomes including permanent deformity or premature physeal closure.
Cigarette smoke-induced urothelial cell damage: potential role of platelet-activating factor.

Abstract Cigarette smoking is an environmental risk factor associated with a variety of pathologies including cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and cancer development. Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic inflammatory bladder disease with multiple etiological contributors and risk factors associated with its development, including cigarette smoking. Previously, we determined that cigarette smoking was associated with bladder wall accumulation of platelet activating factor (PAF), a potent inflammatory mediator that facilitates transendothelial cell migration of inflammatory cells from the circulation. PAF has been shown to reduce expression of tight junctional proteins which could ultimately lead to increased urothelial cell permeability. In this study, we observed that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) treatment of human urothelial cells increases PAF production and PAF receptor expression and reduces wound healing ability. After exposure to cigarette smoke for 6 months, wild‐type C57BL/6 mice displayed urothelial thinning and destruction which was not detected in iPLA 2 β −/− (enzyme responsible for PAF production) animals. We also detected increased urinary PAF concentration in IC/BPS patients when compared to controls, with an even greater increase in urinary PAF concentration in smokers with IC/BPS. These data indicate that cigarette smoking is associated with urothelial cell damage that may be a result of increased PAF‐PAF receptor interaction. Inhibition of iPLA 2 β activity or blocking of the PAF‐PAF receptor interaction could serve as a potential therapeutic target for managing cigarette smoke‐induced bladder damage.
From Labor Day Week to November 6

Conventional wisdom holds that the Fall U.S. presidential campaigns begin in earnest after the Labor Day weekend, and that people aren’t really focusing on the election until the final weeks. It is doubtful that this is true in the Clinton-Trump slugfest, since Trump’s campaign has gone on full steam for almost 18 months, while Hillary Clinton has been running for president for decades.
Using Micro-positron Emission Tomography to Quantify Single and Multiphase Flow in Heterogeneous Reservoirs

Abstract Understanding and quantifying the role of reservoir heterogeneity on multiphase flow and the immobilization of CO2 is essential for predicting and validating models of long-term CCS reservoir performance. In this study a novel imaging technique known as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is used to image pulse tracer transport through a heterogeneous Berea core first during single phase water injection and then during water-gas coinjection experiments. Methods are described for using this spatially and temporally resolved tracer data to describe sub-core permeability, interstitial velocity, tracer flux, relative permeability, and water saturation. The experimental data is then used to build a multiphase, multicomponent 3D simulation model in order to confirm and validate the experimental results. The simulation results highlight the importance of sub-core heterogeneity on relative permeability and saturation distributions which has important implications for understanding and modeling CO2 distribution and trapping in heterogeneous storage reservoirs.
The Pragmatic Theory of the A Priori

Lewis’s pragmatic theory of the a priori is given a partial defense. Though the strictly logical function may be vulnerable to Quinean objections, there is an epistemological function of the a priori that is not. Lewis’s use of Einstein on simultaneity has problems, but correcting for those errors does not affect the basic idea. Lewis’s theory of the pragmatic a priori is then contrasted with the similar ideas in Arthur Pap, who Lewis influenced, as well as Michael Friedman and Hasok Chang.
National Survey of Pediatric Care Providers: Assessing Time and Impact of Coding and Documentation in Physician Practice.

Background. Documentation and billing/coding are essential to medical practice. Physicians spend significant time documenting to meet coding and medicolegal requirements, potentially reducing time ...
Anteromedial fractures of the ulnar coronoid process: correlation between surgical outcomes and radiographic findings

This study aimed to report the radiographic findings and surgical outcomes of anteromedial facet (AMF) fracture of the ulnar coronoid process and to suggest an optimal approach. In this retrospective study, 20 consecutive patients with unilateral AMF fracture of coronoid process were surgically treated and divided into two groups without (group A) and with (group B) additional proximal ulnar fractures in equal case number. Time from injury to surgery averaged 4.38 ± 2.56 weeks. Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and Shortened Disability of the Arm and Shoulder and Hand (quickDASH) score were used for functional evaluation. Cohen kappa coefficient (kappa) analysis was used to determine interobserver reliability on a radiographic reading. All cases had a mean follow-up of 2.3 years. MEPS at 2 years averaged 87.75 ± 12.51; quickDASH, 7.05 ± 6.19. A significantly higher MEPS was found in subtype 3 than in subtype 2 (p = 0.036) and in group B than in group A (p = 0.020). Significantly lower quickDASH cores were found in group B than in group A (p = 0.011). Kappa analysis showed moderate agreement in the O’Driscoll classification (kappa = 0.56) and substantial agreement in categorization of the additional proximal ulnar fractures (kappa = 0.76). Additional proximal ulnar lesions were considered an integral part of varus posteromedial rotatory instability and required further categorization in the management of AMF fractures. Significantly better functional outcomes were achieved when those lesions were fully addressed.
Practice in Language Partners

This program at the University of Arkansas pairs up international students with native English speakers—or “coaches,” as they are called—to practice conversation and improve their spoken English. T...
Peers and Engagement

Abstract In this chapter, we consider how peers matter for students’ engagement. We distinguish between behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. We review three predominant perspectives of the roles that peers play in young people’s lives: socialization (peers are socializing agents), social support (peers provide emotional and social support), and social status (peers provide a context where a social status hierarchy is established). For each perspective, we discuss current conceptual frameworks and relevant theory for how and why peers matter for engagement and review empirical evidence linking that aspect of peer relationships to engagement. We also consider how bullying and victimization can impact student engagement. We then turn our attention to how educators and practitioners who work with youth can promote positive peer relationships to support student engagement. First, we review social–emotional learning programs. Second, we discuss the importance of building emotionally supportive relationships and contexts and how adults can do so. Before concluding our chapter, we discuss important directions for future research on peer relations and engagement.
Outcomes of Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism Admitted for Acute Heart Failure Exacerbation

Introduction Primary hyperparathyroidism is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. It is related to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac valvular abnormalities, arrhythmias, and heart failure. While primary hyperparathyroidism can lead to ventricular stiffness, coronary artery and valvular calcifications, we aim to investigate the effects of primary hyperparathyroidism on mortality and length of hospital stay in patients admitted for acute congestive heart failure exacerbation. Methods National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from years 2007-14 was examined for all hospital admissions with HF with and without hyperparathyroidism. Baseline characteristics were compared using parametric and non-parametric tests for continuous variables and Chi-Squares. Multivariate logistic regression was used to draw comparisons between incidence of cardiogenic shock, in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS). Our analysis was adjusted for age, sex, race, payer, income quartiles, hospital location, region, size and teaching status and included multiple comorbidities. Results A total of 7,000,805 patients were admitted for CHF exacerbation and of those 21,765 (0.31%) also had hyperparathyroidism. Mean age for hyperparathyroid patients was 72.0 years vs. 72.8 yrs (p Conclusion Overall, while our results showed that patients with hyperparathyroidism admitted for CHF exacerbation had a decreased in-hospital mortality, they had more comorbidities and tended to stay in the hospital longer. While in-hospital mortality could be multifactorial, a longer LOS can possibly be due to the underlying physiological changes that PTH and calcium levels have on the heart, including increased LV stiffness and LV hypertrophy, lengthening the time to euvolemia.
Plasma Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Levels in Patients With Keloids and/or Hypertension.

INTRODUCTION Keloidal scarring is associated with hypertension and its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in both hypertensive and fibrotic conditions suggests ACE may be a common mechanism for the pathogenesis of both hypertension and keloids. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to investigate the possible underlying role of ACE in keloid pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma samples were collected from participants with and without keloids. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were then performed to determine ACE levels in the plasma samples. The plasma ACE levels of patients with and without keloid scarring were compared, while controlling for hypertension. RESULTS The 78 samples (39 keloid participants, 39 controls) were divided into 4 cohorts of either 18 (hypertensive) or 21 (normotensive) participants. The mean ± standard deviation ACE levels were 77.9 ± 31.2 ng/mL for the hypertensive keloid group (n = 18), 69.2 ± 18.8 ng/mL for the normotensive keloid group (n = 21), 72.7 ± 21.5 ng/mL for the hypertensive control group (n = 18), and 77.6 ± 18.5 ng/mL for the normotensive control group (n = 21). No significant differences in the mean plasma ACE levels were found between any of the 4 groups. CONCLUSIONS Although the data showed no significant correlation between plasma ACE levels, keloids, and hypertension, additional studies may be pursued to determine the possible underlying role of ACE in keloid pathogenesis.
Abstract A31: Comparing IL-12 and IL-18 secreting CAR T-cell efficacy

MUC16, a subunit of CA125 that is overexpressed on epithelial ovarian cancers, can be targeted by T cells via the incorporation of the 4h11m28m chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) into the T-cell surface. However, the microenvironment of ovarian cancers consists of regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages that act to immunosuppress CAR T-cell function, thus abrogating CAR T-cell efficacy. To overcome this immunosuppression, our lab has developed IL-12 and IL-18 secreting CAR T cells, which have shown enhanced efficacy in a syngeneic ovarian cancer model when compared to second-generation CAR T cells. While IL-18 secreting CAR T cells have proven to be superior to IL-12 secreting CAR T cells in various leukemia and lymphoma mouse models, this observation does not translate to the ovarian cancer model. Mechanistic studies into the effects of IL-18 and IL-12 in a syngeneic ovarian cancer model are currently under way in order to better understand what each cytokine is doing to the tumor microenvironment as well as to the CAR T cell. With better understanding of the effects of IL-18 and IL-12, we can contribute to the immunobiology of these cytokines as well as harness their efficacy to apply to other tumor models. Citation Format: Christina E. Bebernitz, Renier J. Brentjens. Comparing IL-12 and IL-18 secreting CAR T-cell efficacy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A31.