cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Helping behavior in children: Addressing the interaction of a person-situation model

Abstract A critical review of major trends and developments in the study of children's helping behavior is presented, with specific emphasis on demand characteristics of different situations (rescue, donation, assistance) and methodological difficulties inherent in such a study. In general, researchers have been able to isolate certain here-and-now situational influences which have led to mean increases in children's sharing behavior. As yet, however, relatively few studies have attempted to isolate personal characteristics of individual children as a means of examining baseline differences of individuals across different helping behaviors. As a start, this paper calls for a person-situation interactional approach to the study of children's helping behavior, examining such key factors as the child's family style, status in the peer group, and personality style as interactive with the characteristics of the particular helping situation.
A comparative study of synchronous and nonsynchronous transmission algorithms on a replicated token bus network

Two token management algorithms are proposed: synchronous and nonsynchronous transmission. In a synchronous dual redundant system, all tokens being rotated in the network, one for each channel, are passed between the two stations within some given period of time. Tokens and messages transmitted are synchronized since the time skews take place only within the adjacent stations. This is achieved by waiting for the slower channel in each path. For a nonsynchronous dual redundant network, tokens are passed to the next station independently of the other bus token. Unlike the synchronous scheme, therefore, time skew is not bounded within each path, but rather it is additive. The model of a nonsynchronous transmission network is identical to the model of multiple single channels operating freely except in the case of message arrival. Comparisons of the two algorithms are made through studies of the speed performance parameter and the maximum buffer capacities required, along with the level of the design complexity involved in the development of each of the algorithms. >
Cost effectiveness of radioembolization compared with conventional transarterial chemoembolization for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract Purpose To assess cost effectiveness of radioembolization versus conventional transarterial chemoembolization. Materials and Methods The cost of radioembolization versus conventional transarterial chemoembolization was determined based on Medicare reimbursements. Three patient subgroups were defined based on the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification system (A, B, or C). Efficacy and safety outcomes after each procedure were obtained from the literature. A Monte Carlo case-based simulation was designed for 60 months in 250 patients in each subgroup. Survival was calculated based on average survival from the literature and the Monte Carlo model. The primary outcome was the cost effectiveness of radioembolization over transarterial chemoembolization by considering calculated survival. Results The costs approached $17,000 for transarterial chemoembolization versus $31,000 or $48,000 for unilobar or bilobar radioembolization, respectively. Based on the simulation, median estimated survival was greater with transarterial chemoembolization than radioembolization in BCLC-A and BCLC-B subgroups (40 months vs 30 months and 23 months vs 16 months, respectively, P = .001). However, in the BCLC-C subgroup, survival was greater with radioembolization than transarterial chemoembolization (13 months vs 17 months, P = .001). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of radioembolization over transarterial chemoembolization in the BCLC-C subgroup was $360 per month. The results were dependent on bilobar versus unilobar radioembolization and the total number of radioembolization procedures. Conclusions The model suggests radioembolization costs may be justified for patients with BCLC-C disease, whereas radioembolization may not be cost effective in patients with BCLC-A disease; however, many patients with BCLC-C disease have extensive disease precluding locoregional therapies. Secondary considerations may determine treatment choice in more borderline patients (BCLC-B disease) because there is no persistent survival benefit with radioembolization.
More males seek treatment for eating disorders.

Objective This study compares males and females with DSM-IV-defined eating disorders who were admitted to the inpatient eating disorders service at The New York Hospital, Cornell between 1984 and 1987. Methods During this period, 51 males and 693 females presented for their first admission. Demographic information, questionnaires, and SCID interviews were used to compare the male and female samples. Results Males were significantly more likely than females to have a later onset of their eating disorder (20.56 vs. 17.15 years), and to be involved in an occupation or sport in which weight control influences performance. There were no significant gender differences in other characteristics or comorbid diagnoses. Males constituted an increasing percentage of total admissions between 1984 and 1997 (r = .692, p = .009). Discussion The similarities of core eating disorder psychopathology and comorbid illness in male and female patients encourage the continued use of similar detection and treatment strategies with both groups. © 1999 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 25: 415–424, 1999.
Dissociation of brain areas associated with force production and stabilization during manipulation of unstable objects

Multifinger dexterous manipulation of unstable or deformable objects requires control of both direction and magnitude of fingertip force vectors. Our aim was to study the neuroanatomical correlates of these two distinct control functions. Brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging while 16 male subjects (age: 26–42, M = 32, SD ± 4 years) compressed four springs representing a 2 × 2 factorial design with two levels of force and instability requirements. Significant activations associated with higher instability were located bilaterally in the precentral gyri, the postcentral gyrus, and the cerebellum. In the main effect for high force, activity was found in areas located in the primary motor regions contralateral to the active hand and bilaterally in the cerebellum. An overlap in activation between the two main effects was found bilaterally in the cerebellum (lobule VI). This study not only confirms a recently described bilateral fronto-parieto-cerebellar network for manipulation of increasingly unstable objects, but critically extends our understanding by describing its differentiated modulation with both force magnitude and instability requirements. Our results, therefore, expose a previously unrecognized and context-sensitive system of brain regions that enable dexterous manipulation for different force magnitude and instability requirements of the task.
Creating University-Community Alliances to Build Internship Programs.

By bringing together a community of field-based practitioners, university faculty can help school districts develop accredited school psychology internships. This article describes the rationale for an increase in university involvement in the development of internships, offers considerations unique to schools when supporting the development of an internship, and provides practical advice based on the university-internship program alliance developed between Duquesne University and the Pittsburgh Psychology Internship Consortium.
Nicotine and carbon monoxide exposure from inhalation of cigarillo smoke

Background There has been an increase in the use of cigarillos in the US. People who smoke cigarillos typically also regularly smoke cigarettes (dual users).
Another Piece of the Puzzle

See related article, pp 1042–1049 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, debilitating disease characterized by an occlusive pulmonary vasculopathy, resulting in elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequently death from right ventricular (RV) failure.1 Current therapeutic options in PAH are limited to pulmonary vasodilator therapy, which have improved clinical outcomes but only target part of the underlying pathology.2 Because of the persistent high mortality of this disease process, there is a need and an interest to develop novel therapeutic targets for PAH. Sympathetic and parasympathetic abnormalities are well identified in PAH.3 Downregulation and desensitization of adrenoreceptors have been observed in RV myocytes.4 In patients with PAH, decreased RV β-adrenoreceptor density is associated with increased incidence of RV failure.5 Although there are increased circulating catecholamine levels in patients with RV failure from PAH, the RV is less responsive to β-agonists.6 These findings represent an adrenergic remodeling manifesting as an inability to augment RV function with catecholamine stimulation and demonstrate a potential need to develop interventions that can target sympathetic nervous abnormalities in the RV in PAH. It is provocative to think what the effects of a therapeutic intervention that targets both sympathetic overactivity and atrial arrhythmias could have on clinical outcomes …
The Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Medicaid Focused Insurers in California

To gain insights into the impact of Medicaid Expansion under the Affordable Care Act, this study assesses the enrollment, utilization, and financial performance measures of California Medicaid focused health insurers. The study compares these quarterly measures, during the expansion period of 2014 to the same quarterly measures in 2013 and 2012. During 2014, Medicaid focused insurers expanded enrollment, decreased inpatient days, and generated higher profit margins.
Stereotactic laser ablation of the splenium for intractable epilepsy

Partial or complete corpus callosotomies have been applied, traditionally via open surgical or radiosurgical approaches, for the treatment of epilepsy in patients with multifocal tonic, atonic, or myoclonic seizures. Minimally invasive methods, such as MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal ablation (MTLA), are being employed to functionally remove or ablate seizure foci in the treatment of epilepsy. This therapy can achieve effectiveness similar to that of traditional resection, but with reduced morbidity compared with open surgery. Here, we present a patient with a history of prior partial corpus callosotomy who continued to suffer from medically refractory epilepsy with bisynchronous onset. We report on the utilization of laser ablation of the splenium in this patient to achieve full corpus callosotomy. Adequate ablation of the splenial remnant was confirmed by postoperative MRI imaging, and at four-month follow-up, the patient's seizure frequency had dropped more than 50%. This is the first reported instance of laser ablation of the splenium to achieve full corpus callosotomy following a previous unsuccessful anterior callosotomy in a patient with intractable generalized epilepsy.
NanoParticle Tracking Analysis; The Halo System

A new technique for nanoparticle sizing that allows visualisation of nanoscale particles in liquids on an individual basis is described. The technology comprises a metallised optical element illuminated by laser beam at the surface of which nanoscale particles in suspension can be directly visualised, sized and counted in real time using only a conventional optical microscope fitted with a low cost camera and a dedicated analytical software package.
NI-05IMMEDIATE POST-RESECTION PERICAVITARIAN DWI HYPERINTENSITY IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS IS PREDICTIVE OF PATIENT OUTCOME.

BACKGROUND: Some investigators studied the impact of postoperative infarction, infection and surgical complications on Glioblastoma patient survival using Magnetic Resonance Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (MR-DWI). We attempt to investigate the prognostic role of postoperative DWI hyperintensity in patients with GBM. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We obtained immediate postoperative (24-72 hours post resection) brain MRI images of 60 GBM patients from our institution's imaging archive and The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Using 3D Slicer 4.3.1 (http://www.slicer.org) 2 trained neuroradiologists experienced in tumor volumetry segmented residual enhancement on post-contrast T1 Weighted Imaging (T1WI) and pericavitarian edema/invasion on T2 FLAIR sequence. Segmentation maps were then overlaid over Diffusion Weighted Images (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) maps. ADC values around resection cavity were obtained. We stratified patients into two categories; facilitated diffusion group and restricted diffusion group. We included different variables in our analysis such as, age, gender, preoperative KPS status, tumor location, preoperative volumetric analysis and post operative volumetric data (quantitative evaluation of extent of resection). We used Kaplan Meier curves for survival analysis after adjustment for potential confounding factors, such as age, tumor location and extent of resection. RESULTS: We created a new non-invasive imaging biomarker that can predict patient outcome in immediate postoperative setting. CONCLUSION: DWI radiophenotypes and ADC map values can be used as a non-invasive prognostic tool for patient overall survival and progression-free survival.
Hidden Errors in Survey Data

How accurately do respondents report in marketing research surveys? This study shows that survey results can be correct for a total sample, even when many individuals have not reported accurately. ...
Oxygen Adsorption on Irreducible Oxides Doped with Higher Valence Ions: O2 Binding to the Dopant

Binary oxides catalyze a large number of interesting reactions, but often the performance is not good enough for commercialization. Attempts have been made to improve the catalytic properties of oxides by replacing some of the cations in the surface or the subsurface layer of the oxide with cations of a different kind. Here we use density functional theory to examine oxygen adsorption on La2O3(001) doped with higher valence dopants such as Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Ge, Sn, As, and Sb. La2O3 was chosen because it is representative of irreducible oxides. The choice of dopants allows us to study how the O2 adsorption energy and the nature of the adsorbed O2 depend on the valence of the dopants and on their place in the periodic system.
A Narrative Review of Intra-articular Zygapophysial Steroid Injections for Lumbar Zygapophysial-Mediated Pain

The majority of Americans will experience low back pain during their lifetime. Pain arising from the lumbar zygapophyseal joints (z-joints) is one cause of low back pain. Specifically, degenerative changes occur in these joints similarly as in other diarthrodial joints. Intra-articular corticosteroid injections are a common and accepted treatment for osteoarthritis in other body regions such as the knees and hips. Unsurprisingly, corticosteroid injections into the lumbar z-joints have long been viewed as a potential therapeutic option for lumbar z-joint pain. This narrative review will discuss the current available evidence for lumbar z-joint corticosteroid injections. Many of the studies covered are limited by poor patient selection or lack of control group. Based on the current available evidence, it is likely that there is a small subset of patients with low back pain that may respond to lumbar z-joint steroid injections, though experimentally, these have only been identified as those with abnormal z-joint uptake on SPECT imaging. Further studies, ideally randomized placebo controlled studies that only enroll patients with confirmed z-joint mediated low back pain, are greatly needed.
Automatic Craniomaxillofacial Landmark Digitization via Segmentation-Guided Partially-Joint Regression Forest Model and Multiscale Statistical Features

Objective: The goal of this paper is to automatically digitize craniomaxillofacial (CMF) landmarks efficiently and accurately from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, by addressing the challenge caused by large morphological variations across patients and image artifacts of CBCT images. Methods: We propose a segmentation-guided partially-joint regression forest (S-PRF) model to automatically digitize CMF landmarks. In this model, a regression voting strategy is first adopted to localize each landmark by aggregating evidences from context locations, thus potentially relieving the problem caused by image artifacts near the landmark. Second, CBCT image segmentation is utilized to remove uninformative voxels caused by morphological variations across patients. Third, a partially-joint model is further proposed to separately localize landmarks based on the coherence of landmark positions to improve the digitization reliability. In addition, we propose a fast vector quantization method to extract high-level multiscale statistical features to describe a voxel's appearance, which has low dimensionality, high efficiency, and is also invariant to the local inhomogeneity caused by artifacts. Results: Mean digitization errors for 15 landmarks, in comparison to the ground truth, are all less than $2$ mm. Conclusion: Our model has addressed challenges of both interpatient morphological variations and imaging artifacts. Experiments on a CBCT dataset show that our approach achieves clinically acceptable accuracy for landmark digitalization. Significance: Our automatic landmark digitization method can be used clinically to reduce the labor cost and also improve digitalization consistency.
STUDY & APPLICATION OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING TECHNOLOGY FOR THE SUINING GAS RESERVOIR OF LUODAI GAS FIELD IN WEST SICHUAN

In Suining Formation Gas Reservoir of Luodai Gas Field, it has the following characteristic: poor porosity penetrability, lower formation pressure, higher clay mineral content, sand and clay interlay, good fracture and micro-fracture, small range distribution of sand, and severe non-uniformity in vertical and horizontal, meanwhile poor gas supply capacity of matrix, lower production of single well by naturally. The Gas Reservoir was neglected being thought as clay cap before 2002. Through three years' study and application in fracturing, the new technology, which is as "medium pad fluid, medium displacement, medium amount and ratio of silica sand, excessive displacing and multiple fracturing", has been applied to stimulate the reservoir. The stimulating result is remarkable after fracturing, the open flow capacity of single well has increased 4.57×104 m3/d, and the stimulating ratio is up to 18. The reservoir is one of the best reservoirs being stimulated by fracturing.
Application of mixed finite elements to spatially non-local model of inelastic deformations

Rock behaviour frequently does not fit the classical theory of continuum mechanics because of rock aggregated granular structure. Particularly, rock fracturing may be accompanied by zonal disintegration formation. The key to building the non-classic model of rock fracturing is the granulated structure. Deformations of solid bodies with microscopic flaws can be described within the scope of non-Euclidean geometry, and non-trivial deformation incompatibility can be referred to as a fracture parameter. The non-Euclidean continuum model used in this paper enables the prediction of the zones initializing and developing as a periodic structure. The non-Euclidean description of phenomenon initiates an appearance of two new material constants. The coupled model must comprise the fourth-order parabolic equation on disintegration thermodynamic parameter be solved with the classical hyperbolic system of equations for the dynamics of continuous media. In this paper, the mixed finite element method is applied to approximate the equations and to model the zonal disintegration phenomenon numerically. The 2D model problem of disintegration zone formation was solved numerically. The zone magnitude and site that can be described by the term ‘disintegration scale’ are determined by values of new constants. Therefore, the numerical model based on the new non-Euclidean continuum model is capable of predicting formation of a disintegration field periodic structure. The second spatial direction of disintegration parameter field propagation is ascertained that allows the model to be applied to various problems of fracture mechanics of rocks.
In vivo evaluation of pulsatile ventricle pump by perfusion via left heart bypass technique.

Pulsatile flow has been found to be metabolically superior to continuous flow in extracorporeal perfusion. In the past, roller pumps were modified to provide pulsatile flow. However, Bentley Laboratories, Inc., has now developed a pulsatile pump whose action closely resembles the pumping characteristics of the left ventricle. We have evaluated this device in dogs and have found its performance to be on a par with that of roller pumps and superior to that of asynchronous pumps. Extended trial in animals and in man now seems indicated.
Groundwater Dynamics Investigation of Enjebi Island, Enewetak Atoll: An Interpretive Computer Model Simulation

Development of groundwater resources is often dependent on the presence of potable water supplies. To effectively manage the groundwater resources of small islands, it is necessary to understand the groundwater dynamics of these areas. Using a finite element model, the authors identify factors affecting groundwater flow within atoll island aquifers. Simulated results are compared with field data from Enjebi Island, Enewetak Atoll.
All Your DNS Records Point to Us: Understanding the Security Threats of Dangling DNS Records

In a dangling DNS record (Dare), the resources pointed to by the DNS record are invalid, but the record itself has not yet been purged from DNS. In this paper, we shed light on a largely overlooked threat in DNS posed by dangling DNS records. Our work reveals that Dare can be easily manipulated by adversaries for domain hijacking. In particular, we identify three attack vectors that an adversary can harness to exploit Dares. In a large-scale measurement study, we uncover 467 exploitable Dares in 277 Alexa top 10,000 domains and 52 edu zones, showing that Dare is a real, prevalent threat. By exploiting these Dares, an adversary can take full control of the (sub)domains and can even have them signed with a Certificate Authority (CA). It is evident that the underlying cause of exploitable Dares is the lack of authenticity checking for the resources to which that DNS record points. We then propose three defense mechanisms to effectively mitigate Dares with little human effort.
Evidence-Based Management of Ankle Fractures in Children

Ankle fractures in children are common and pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. In this chapter we investigated and summarised the strength of evidence behind methods of assessing and treating these fractures. Lateral and mortise views are indicated when Ottawa ankles rules are positive. AP view does not add more information (grade B). Computed tomography is useful adjunct for assessment and management planning in selected cases (grade B). Undisplaced ankle fractures can be effectively managed with cast immobilisation and close radiographic follow-up evaluation (grade B). Reduction (closed or open) and internal fixation should be considered when there is a displacement (grade B/C); however the cut off for what is considered displaced has not been universally agreed on. Most published studies used 2 mm displacement as a cut off for operative treatment; hence there is a lack of evidence on the outcomes of non operative treatment when the displacement is more than 2–3 mm.
Master Autophagy Regulator Transcription Factor EB Regulates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Autophagy Impairment and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease–Emphysema Pathogenesis

Abstract Aims: Recent studies have shown that cigarette smoke (CS)-induced oxidative stress impairs autophagy, resulting in aggresome-formation that correlates with severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-emphysema, although the specific step in autophagy pathway that is impaired is unknown. Hence, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of master autophagy transcription factor EB (TFEB) in CS-induced COPD-emphysema pathogenesis. Results: We first observed that TFEB accumulates in perinuclear spaces as aggresome-bodies in COPD lung tissues of tobacco smokers and severe emphysema subjects, compared with non-emphysema or nonsmoker controls. Next, Beas2b cells and C57BL/6 mice were exposed to either cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or subchronic-CS (sc-CS), followed by treatment with potent TFEB-inducing drug, gemfibrozil (GEM, or fisetin as an alternate), to experimentally verify the role of TFEB in COPD. Our in vitro results indicate that GEM/fisetin-mediated TFEB induction significantly...
Statins may facilitate Parkinson's disease: Insight gained from a large, national claims database

Objective Using a large U.S. claims database (MarketScan), we investigated the controversy surrounding the role of statins in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods We performed a retrospective case-control analysis. First, we identified 2322 incident PD cases having a minimum of 2.5 years of continuous enrollment prior to earliest diagnosis code or prescription of antiparkinson medication. A total of 2322 controls were then matched individually by age, gender, and a follow-up window to explore the relationship of statin use with incident PD. Results Statin usage was significantly associated with PD risk, with the strongest associations being for lipophilic (odds ratio = 1.58, P < .0001) versus hydrophilic (odds ratio = 1.19, P = .25) statins, statins plus nonstatins (odds ratio = 1.95, P < .0001), and for the initial period after starting statins (<1 year odds ratio = 1.82, 1-2.5 years odds ratio = 1.75, and ≥2.5 years odds ratio = 1.37; Ptrend < .0001). Conclusion The use of statin (especially lipophilics) was associated with higher risk of PD, and the stronger association in initial use suggests a facilitating effect. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Granulomatous Inflammatory Response to a Microchip Implanted in a Dog for Eight Years.

ABSTRACT An 8 yr old neutered male springer spaniel dog was referred to Texas A&M University, College of Veterinary Medicine for a large, firm, fixed mass, located in the dorsal cervical tissue. The dog was otherwise healthy and had undergone microchip implantation approximately 8 yr prior. Radiographs, ultrasound, and microchip scanner confirmed the presence of a microchip within the mass. The microchip and associated mass were surgically excised, and histopathologic examination revealed granulomatous inflammation surrounding a cracked microchip. This case represents the first report of a granulomatous inflammatory response to a microchip 8 yr after implantation in a dog and highlights an important differential diagnosis.
Perceptions of the Value of Introduction to Computer Information Systems

The introduction to computers course has been an important required core course for most college and university business administration graduates. Recent literature has suggested that the foundation course in computers, if not already obsolete, will be of little or no value to college of business administration graduates.More than six hundred business graduates participated in the study. The analysis included an investigation across six different departments, eight different majors, nineteen different initial and current positions, and twelve courses commonly required for business graduates. Results of the study indicated that the business graduates uniformly value the introduction to computers course. When compared to other commonly required business courses, only one (business communications) was perceived as being more valuable than introduction to computers. The results suggest that the introduction to computers course is extremely valuable for business graduates.
O2-controllable hydrogels for studying cellular responses to hypoxic gradients in three dimensions in vitro and in vivo

Oxygen (O2) acts as a potent upstream regulator of cell function. In both physiological and pathophysiological microenvironments, the O2 concentration is not uniformly distributed but instead follows a gradient that depends on distance from oxygen-carrying blood vessels. Such gradients have a particularly important role in development, tissue regeneration, and tumor growth. In this protocol, we describe how to use our previously reported gelatin-based O2-controllable hydrogels that can provide hypoxic microenvironments in vitro. The hydrogel polymeric network is formed via a laccase-mediated cross-linking reaction. In this reaction, laccase catalyzes diferulic acid (diFA) formation to form hydrogels with an O2-consuming reaction. Cells, such as cancer or endothelial cells, as well as tumor/tissue grafts, can be encapsulated in the hydrogels during hydrogel formation and then analyzed for cellular responses to 3D hypoxic gradients and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms governing these responses. Importantly, oxygen gradients can be precisely controlled in standard cell/tissue culture conditions and in vivo. This platform has been applied to study vascular morphogenesis in response to hypoxia and to understand how oxygen gradients mediate cancer cell behavior. Herein, we describe the means to validate the assay from polymer synthesis and characterization-which take 1-2 weeks and include verification of ferulic acid (FA) conjugation, rheological measurements, and O2 monitoring-to the study of cellular responses and use in rodent models. Time courses for biological experiments using this hydrogel are variable, and thus they may range from hours to weeks, depending on the application and user end goal.
Hypoxia Inducible Factors Modify Collagen I Fibers in MDA-MB-231 Triple Negative Breast Cancer Xenografts

Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that mediate the response of cells to hypoxia. HIFs have wide-ranging effects on metabolism, the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we investigated the silencing effects of two of the three known isoforms, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, on collagen 1 (Col1) fibers, which form a major component of the ECM of tumors. Using a loss-of-function approach for HIF-1α or 2α or both HIF-1α and 2α, we identified a relationship between HIFs and Col1 fibers in MDA-MB-231 tumors. Tumors derived from MDA-MB-231 cells with HIF-1α or 2α or both HIF-1α and 2α silenced contained higher percent fiber volume and lower inter-fiber distance compared to tumors derived from empty vector MDA-MB-231 cells. Depending upon the type of silencing, we observed changes in Col1 degrading enzymes, and enzymes involved in Col1 synthesis and deposition. Additionally, a reduction in lysyl oxidase protein expression in HIF-down-regulated tumors suggests that more non-cross-linked fibers were present. Collectively these results identify the role of HIFs in modifying the ECM and the TME and provide new insights into the effects of hypoxia on the tumor ECM.
Personality Characteristics of Students not Identifying with Their Parents’ Denominations at Entrance into a Christian College1:

This study investigated (a) the degree to which students did not identify with their parents’ denominations at entrance into a Christian college and (b) the differences between the personalities of...
Risk factors for stroke on left ventricular assist devices.

BACKGROUND Patients with end-stage heart failure on left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are predisposed to a high incidence of stroke. Preoperative factors associated with increased stroke risk are poorly understood. METHODS We performed a single-center retrospective review of all patients from 2009 to 2014 in whom a rotary flow LVAD was implanted. All patients with symptoms of a cerebrovascular event underwent a non-contrast head computed tomography scan. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with stroke both on univariate and multivariable analysis. RESULTS A total of 390 patients were retrospectively analyzed and of those 61 (15.6%) had a stroke at an average follow-up of 3.5 ± 1.6 years. The majority were male (72%) and were treated a priori as destination therapy (73%). The proportion of patient receiving a centrifugal flow pump was 23% compared to 77% receiving an axial flow pump. For those patients who experienced a stroke and then died, the average time from stroke to death was 158 ± 296 days. Of the 61 patients who had a stroke, 38 (62%) died (P < 0.001 compared to death rate without a stroke). On Cox regression analysis, a history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA), hyperlipidemia, and history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) were independently associated with stroke while on LVAD support. CONCLUSION Postoperative stroke after LVAD implantation was associated with higher mortality. A history of previous CVA, VTE, and hyperlipidemia were independently associated with stroke while on LVAD support.
LATTICE VORTEX MODELS AND TURBULENCE THEORY

Vortex lattice models for use in turbulence theory are explained, a simple one dimensional version is presented and is seen to provide reasonable qualitative information about intermittency and vortex stretching, and results obtained with three dimensional models are summarized.
Assessing the Political Science Capstone Course: A Study at Salem State University

As a recent trend in higher education has focused on assessment of learning, political science departments have begun to measure the progress of their students from the time they enter the program until they graduate. Of all of the approaches that are used to evaluate students, we contend that the examination of capstone performance should be a cornerstone of the assessment process. On its own, a study of the capstone course provides a snapshot of students’ knowledge and skills within the course, but it also serves as a way to measure their development throughout their time in the department. Moreover, these studies provide evidence that political science departments can use to both re-envision the capstone course and assist their strategic planning process.In this paper, we will first introduce the literature on assessment and the unique place that the capstone class has as a tool to evaluate student learning and development. Additionally, we will note that the literature on the capstone and assessment is fairly new, and additional studies of this course are essential to flesh out strategies to integrate the capstone into the department’s overall strategic plan. In the main part of the paper, we outline our current assessment system, with an emphasis on how we evaluate the capstone seminar. In our methodology, every department member examined essays from the past five semesters and coded them using a comprehensive rubric that measures areas such as the student’s knowledge, theoretical sophistication, argumentation, and level of writing. Once we coded these papers, we then tabulated the results and presented them to the department for review.Through these evaluations the department has gained a snap shot of our students’ performances both in the capstone seminar and during their time in our department. In the final part of the paper, we will present how this ongoing study has begun to generate departmental conversations about how to approach the capstone as well as how to envision each step of a students’ progress through our curriculum. We will touch on specific realizations as well as the changes that we may implement as a result of our study. As it is a continuing project, this paper also serves as an invitation for others to critically comment on our process and help guide us into the next stage of our assessment strategy.
Lithium Niobate Nanophotonics for Ultra-Fast Optoelectronics

We demonstrate a nanophotonic lithium niobate platform that simultaneously features sub-wavelength optical confinement, ultralow optical propagation loss and ultra-fast electro-optic control capability (> 100 GHz). These devices are promising for future chip-scale ultra-fast optoelectronic interface.
East Germany's Red Woodstock: The 1973 Festival between the “Carnivalesque” and the Everyday

Scholars often depict the 1973 World Festival of Youth and Students—or, more colloquially, the Red Woodstock—as a momentary “departure” or “break” from everyday life, when the German Democratic Republic (GDR) briefly opened its borders to the youth of the world. Similarly, they suggest that, when the festival's nine days of festivities came to an end, the “pathos of revolution” disappeared just as quickly as it had come about, resulting in a return to the restraints of everyday life behind the “Iron Curtain.” By contrast, this article reconsiders the festival's significance by adopting an analytical framework from postsocialist theorists. In doing so, it reconceptualizes the Red Woodstock as a moment of globalized influences and youth engagement that not only reflected shifting societal norms, but also the East German state's commitment to international socialist solidarity. Soviet theorist Mikhail Bakhtin’s work on the “upside-down” nature of the carnival, as well as on society’s “grotesque body,” is useful in this regard, as it sets in sharp relief the extent to which one of the East German state’s greatest challenges resulted from its own embrace of international socialism. This was the case as young people from the GDR and beyond transformed the East German capital through a subtle appropriation, transformation, and even subversion of the state-generated discourse on international solidarity, in ways that had a lasting effect during the late socialist period.
Multi-scale analysis of diffusion of fluid in sandwich composites

Author(s): Fan, Y; Gomez, A; Muliana, A; La Saponara, V | Abstract: This study presents a multiscale analysis for describing the fluid diffusion in polymeric sandwich composites, comprising of glass-epoxy fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) skins and polyurethane foam core. The multiscale framework includes the unit-cell micromechanics model for determining the overall diffusion behavior in the FRP skins by incorporating different diffusivities of the fiber and matrix and the diffusion model for foam core. In addition, multiscale diffusion tests have been conducted for the sandwich composites, FRP skins, foam core, and epoxy resin. The specimens were immersed in deionized water at 50°C. The capability in predicting the overall diffusion behavior of sandwich composites while recognizing the different diffusion processes of the constituents is not only beneficial for designing polymeric sandwich composites with desired performance but also enhances understanding on the durability of polymeric sandwich composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:3520–3532, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Teneurins and Teneurin C-Terminal Associated Peptide (TCAP) in Metabolism: What’s Known in Fish?

Teneurins have well established roles in function and maintenance of the central nervous systems of vertebrates. In addition, teneurin c-terminal associated peptide (TCAP), a bioactive peptide found on the c-terminal portion of teneurins, has been shown to regulate glucose metabolism. Although, the majority of research conducted on the actions of teneurins and TCAPs has strictly focused on neurological systems in rodents, TCAP was first identified in rainbow trout after screening trout hypothalamic cDNA. This suggests a conserved functional role of TCAP across vertebrates, however, the current depth of literature on teneurins and TCAPs in fish is limited. In addition, the overall function of TCAP in regulating metabolism is unclear. This review will highlight work that has been conducted specifically in fish species in relation to the teneurin system and metabolism in order to identify areas of research that are needed for future work.
Large-Scale Structure at High Redshift

We present high resolution (30 km s−1) echelle spectra of the wide QSO pair Tol 1037–2704 and Tol 1038–2712, as well as two neighboring QSOs. We confirm the existence of the five absorption complexes already reported and find additional complexes, many of which are split into multiple components with Δv ≅ 50−1000 km s−1. We calculate the velocity and spatial correlation functions of the 19 CIV absorbers (W 0 〉 15 A) distributed among the 4 lines of sight, and find significant correlation signal out to scales of ~ 30 h −1 Mpc (h = H 0/100 km s−1 Mpc; q 0 = 0.5) at z ≅ 2. The clustering amplitude on these scales is larger than is predicted by current theories of the formation of large scale structure.
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Chloride Contamination in a Shallow, Urban Marsh

High chloride concentrations occur in inland waters from road salt applications (NaCl) as deicers. We studied seasonal and spatial distributions of chloride contamination in a shallow, urban marsh in Madison, Wisconsin, during the warm-wet winter of 2012–13, the cold-dry winter of 2014–15, and in the ice-free season of 2015. Chloride concentrations at the open water sites ranged from 10 to 1,261 mg L−1. Marsh inflows include a storm sewer, direct precipitation, and distributed surface flow and inferred groundwater flow around the marsh’s perimeter. The upstream storm sewer had more influence on chloride concentrations in the upper marsh, whereas runoff from a large snow storage pile had more influence in the lower marsh. In the cold-dry winter, the storm sewer and ion exclusion from ice formation greatly influenced chloride concentrations. In the warm-wet winter, snow melt, and rain on snow events diluted chloride concentrations in the open marsh, while more snow and deicer use increased the role of a snow storage pile as a source of chloride. In the open-water sites in 2015, chloride concentrations decreased following rain, but continued to increase in drier periods, which suggests distributed overland and groundwater inflows provide a source of legacy chlorides to the marsh.
Charm in Chaucer

In The Canterbury Tales, charm keeps lowly company, as in the notorious “Miller’s Tale” where Absolon, lusting after (charmed by) the carpenter’s wife, Alison, thinking that he will at last get to kiss her, approaches her window. With the approval of her paramour, Nicholas, she presents her rear end for him to encounter.The night is dark: But with his mouth he kiste hir naked ersFul savourly [with relish] er he was war of this.Abak he sterte [jumped], and thoughte it was amis,For wel he wiste a womman hath no beerd.He felte a thing al rough and longe yherd [haired]. His passion is desiccated.
Crystal structure of 4-methyl-N-propyl-benzene-sulfonamide.

The crystal structure of the title sulfonamide, C10H15NO2S, comprises two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The S=O bond lengths of the sulfonamide functional group range from 1.428 (2) to 1.441 (2) A, with S—C bond lengths of 1.766 (3) A (for both mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit), and S—N bond lengths of 1.618 (2) and 1.622 (3) A, respectively. When both mol­ecules are viewed down the N—S bond, the propyl group is gauche to the toluene moiety. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules of the title compound are arranged in an intricate three-dimensional network that is formed via inter­molecular C—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure was refined from a crystal twinned by inversion.
State-wide comparative analysis of the cost saving potential of Vuilleumier heat pumps in residential houses

Abstract The Vuilleumier cycle-based heat pump is a promising technology that can break the capped natural gas end-use efficiency of 100%. This study compares the natural gas driven Vuilleumier cycle-based heat pumps with the common electricity driven vapor compression cycle-based heat pumps in terms of the exergy efficiency and the operating cost. Cycle analysis is performed to show the relations between the existing devices, their ideal counterparts, and the absolute thermodynamic limit of an ideal Carnot heat pump. With regards to operating cost, these two types of heat pumps are benchmarked in building energy simulations against the commonly used system of space heating, cooling and water heating equipment, to show the annual operating cost saving or deficit across the United States. In addition, three locations are selected to show the detailed annual operating cost and the energy demand profile. The results suggest that the Vuilleumier cycle-based heat pumps can be highly cost effective across the United States with an annual operating cost savings as high as $1230 in Vermont or an annual percentage cost savings as high as 52% in California.
Hospital competition, quality, and cost of prostate cancer care.

235Background: Hospital competition is important for addressing the disparity in quality and cost of prostate cancer care. Study objective was to examine the association of hospital competition wit...
Integrating microbiome and metabolome data for host disease prediction via deep neural networks

The concurrent profiles of the gut microbiome and metabolome can be used in the diagnosis of complex diseases. However, the establishment of robust predictive models is challenging due to the high dimensionality of data and complex interactions among microbiome, metabolites, and host. Using deep neural networks consisting of an autoencoder for extracting latent representations and a multilayer neural network for disease prediction, we show that gut metabolome is more predictive of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than gut microbiome. In addition, we design a new multi-task autoencoder to extract the latent profiles from the combined microbiome and metabolome data. We further demonstrate that the combined latent profiles can further improve the performance of prediction. In summary, our work shows that autoencoders are useful apparatuses in generating low dimensional profiles that contribute to the improved performance and robustness for IBD prediction.
Characterization of cDOM in the Elkhorn Slough estuary using EEM spectroscopy and its potential for macrophyte monitoring

Abstract The Elkhorn Slough estuary is an upwelling-influenced system located in Monterey Bay, California. It is of great ecological importance, as it provides essential habitat to over 750 species, and is one of the largest estuaries in California. The sources and distribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (cDOM) in Elkhorn Slough are strongly influenced by geochemical processes linked to the transition between sea and continent, and to anthropogenic activity from adjacent lands. In 2016, water samples were collected from across the Elkhorn Slough estuary to assess the sources and spatial dynamics of cDOM and its components throughout the system. Using EEM spectroscopy, seven fluorophores (four humic-like and three protein-like), and three distinctive cDOM regions were identified through a combination of traditional peak analysis, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and interpretation of different fluorescence indices. The majority of the sites in the lower slough, receiving water from Monterey Bay and the Old Salinas River watershed, presented a balanced mix of humic-like and protein-like materials. Sites in the proximity of eelgrass beds had distinctive cDOM signals with predominant protein-like components of autochthonous origin. Water from the upper slough, subject to high nutrient input and excessive macroalgal development, was mostly composed of humic-like matter linked to recent biological activity and macrophyte development. Distribution of cDOM along the main channel of the Elkhorn Slough estuary was influenced by hydrological processes, allochthonous input, and macrophyte distribution. The large contribution and high specificity of macrophyte-derived chromophores identified in this study suggest that EEM spectroscopy could be an effective tool to monitor macrophytes in locations where environmental conditions are unfavorable.