cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
How to Be a Good Co-Author

Success in publishing accounting research often requires success in multiple co-authoring relationships. Further, the number of co-authored papers in accounting (as well as most other fields of research) has steadily increased. Given the importance and popularity of co-authoring, our paper provides comprehensive advice to accounting researchers on how to manage the coauthoring relationship. A good coauthor establishes clear roles and expectations before a project begins, and keeps commitments. Communication throughout the project is essential as coauthors confront difficulties and setbacks. We conclude by discussing several situations that coauthors may confront, and provide recommendations.
Lead time uncertainty and supply chain coordination in lost sales inventory models

The effects of lead time uncertainty on optimal inventory policies in a two-echelon supply chain operating under continuous review inventory assumptions are examined. In this system, the buyer selects an inventory order quantity and reorder point to maximise its profits, while the seller selects an order quantity from its external supplier that is an integer multiple of the buyer's order quantity; unsatisfied demand is accounted for as lost sales and may also incur a penalty cost representing lost customer goodwill. Normally distributed demand per unit time is assumed and lead time can follow any discrete probability distribution, resulting in a mixture of Gaussians distribution for lead time demand. Examples where lead time is discrete and not well-approximated by a continuous distribution are examined, and use of the mixture of Gaussians approach versus a single normal distribution for lead time demand in these cases reduces supply chain costs by between 12% and 13%.
1936: The Year of Three Kings

On 20 January 1936, little more than a half year after his triumphant Silver Jubilee celebration, King George V died. Hardly noted for his brilliance or, for that matter, his common touch, the King was loved all the same. The son of the rather spectacular Edward VII, George was a bird of duller plumage but was esteemed for his steadiness and perhaps, after the excesses of his father’s reign, for his very dullness. The succession passed to the popular Prince of Wales who took the throne as Edward VIII, called David within his family circle. The old monarch had remained Victorian in almost every sense — in his values, appearance and sense of duty. His son was a different matter altogether. He found the responsibilities of kingship burdensome and, ultimately, asphyxiating; and the unprecedented business of his abdication in December lent an anything but hopeful air to an already trying time.
Dietary Restraint Partially Mediates the Relationship between Impulsivity and Binge Eating Only in Lean Individuals: The Importance of Accounting for Body Mass in Studies of Restraint

Binge eating is characteristic of eating and weight-related disorders such as binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and obesity. In light of data that suggests impulsivity is associated with overeating specifically in restrained eaters, this study sought to elucidate the exact nature of the associations between these variables, hypothesizing that the relationship between impulsivity and binge eating is mediated by restrained eating. We further hypothesized that the role of dietary restraint as a mediator would be moderated by body mass index (BMI). Study participants (n = 506, 50.6% female) were categorized based on self-reported BMI as under- and normal weight (BMI < 25, 65.8%, n = 333) or overweight and obese (BMI ≥ 25, 34.2%, n = 173) and completed the “restrained eating” subscale of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, the “difficulties with impulse control” subscale of the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Binge Eating Scale. Findings provide initial evidence for the hypothesized moderated mediation model, with dietary restraint partially mediating the relationship between impulsivity and binge eating severity only in lean respondents. In respondents with overweight or obesity, impulsivity was significantly correlated with binge eating severity, but dietary restraint was not. Findings inform our conceptualization of dietary restraint as a possible risk factor for binge eating and highlight the importance of accounting for body mass in research on the impact of dietary restraint on eating behaviors.
Glass Transitions, Semiconductor-Metal Transitions, and Fragilities in Ge-V-Te (V = As, Sb) Liquid Alloys: The Difference One Element Can Make

National Science Foundation [CHE-13265, ECCS-1201865]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Feodor Lynen Postdoctoral Research Fellowship
Combining Immunocytokine with Adoptive Immunotherapy To Treat B-Lineage Lymphomas.

Lineage-specific cell-surface molecules, such as CD19 and CD20 on B-lineage malignancies are the targets for immunotherapies. However, the therapeutic success of CD19-specific T-cell therapy is predicted to be dependent on the continued persistence of adoptively transferred T cells. It is well-recognized that exogenous IL-2 can help sustain the in vivo persistence of ex vivo -propagated CD8 + T cells. Therefore, in order to target biologically active IL-2 to the tumor microenvironment, we have used an immunocytokine (ICK) to deliver this cytokine to binding-sites of a CD20-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) on malignant B cells. This anti-CD20-IL2 ICK was based on the Leu16 anti-CD20 mAb that was dehumanized to remove T-helper epitopes. Flow cytometry demonstrated that anti-CD20-IL2 ICK specifically bound to CD20 + tumor and IL-2R + T cells. Thus, we investigated the ability of this ICK to improve the persistence of adoptively transferred B-lineage lymphoma-specific T cells. To obtain CD19-specific T cells that could be non-invasively imaged in vivo , we used non-viral gene transfer to introduce a DNA plasmid to co-express both a CD19-specific immunoreceptor (designated CD19R) and firefly luciferase (ffLuc). The CD19R combines antibody recognition with T-cell effector functions mediated through CD3-ζ . The genetically modified T cells were characterized as differentiated CD8 + effector cells expressing the IL-2 receptor complex, which specifically recognize and lyse CD19 + lymphoma targets. To model the survival of adoptively transferred T cells and treatment of lymphoma in vivo, we generated a CD20 + CD19 + ARH-77 tumor line expressing the Renilla luciferase (rLuc) reporter gene. Our data demonstrate that this tumor line is resistant to a CD20-specific mAb, Rituximab, in vivo . Sub-optimal doses of CD19R + ffLuc + CD8 + T cells, which do not cause complete eradication of tumor by themselves, were infused along with anti-CD20-IL2 ICK and control ICK (with irrelevant specificity) in NOD /scid mice bearing xenografts of the rLuc + tumor. In vivo non-invasive bioluminescent imaging (BLI) was used to longitudinally measure the persistence of ffluc + T cells and growth of rluc + tumor. In our mouse model, the T cells persisted significantly (p
Automatic computational labeling of glomerular textural boundaries

The glomerulus, a specialized bundle of capillaries, is the blood filtering unit of the kidney. Each human kidney contains about 1 million glomeruli. Structural damages in the glomerular micro-compartments give rise to several renal conditions; most severe of which is proteinuria, where excessive blood proteins flow freely to the urine. The sole way to confirm glomerular structural damage in renal pathology is by examining histopathological or immunofluorescence stained needle biopsies under a light microscope. However, this method is extremely tedious and time consuming, and requires manual scoring on the number and volume of structures. Computational quantification of equivalent features promises to greatly ease this manual burden. The largest obstacle to computational quantification of renal tissue is the ability to recognize complex glomerular textural boundaries automatically. Here we present a computational pipeline to accurately identify glomerular boundaries with high precision and accuracy. The computational pipeline employs an integrated approach composed of Gabor filtering, Gaussian blurring, statistical F-testing, and distance transform, and performs significantly better than standard Gabor based textural segmentation method. Our integrated approach provides mean accuracy/precision of 0.89/0.97 on n = 200Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) glomerulus images, and mean 0.88/0.94 accuracy/precision on n = 200 Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) glomerulus images. Respective accuracy/precision of the Gabor filter bank based method is 0.83/0.84 for HE and 0.78/0.8 for PAS. Our method will simplify computational partitioning of glomerular micro-compartments hidden within dense textural boundaries. Automatic quantification of glomeruli will streamline structural analysis in clinic, and can help realize real time diagnoses and interventions.
Effect of gentamicin and levels of ambient sound on hearing screening outcomes in the neonatal intensive care unit: A pilot study

Objective Hearing loss rates in infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) run at 2–15%, compared to 0.3% in full-term births. The etiology of this difference remains poorly understood. We examined whether the level of ambient sound and/or cumulative gentamicin (an aminoglycoside) exposure affect NICU hearing screening results, as either exposure can cause acquired, permanent hearing loss. We hypothesized that higher levels of ambient sound in the NICU, and/or gentamicin dosing, increase the risk of referral on the distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) assessments and/or automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) screens.
Initial academic experience and learning curve with robotic spine instrumentation.

OBJECTIVESpine surgery is complex and involves various steps. Current robotic technology is mostly aimed at assisting with pedicle screw insertion. This report evaluates the feasibility of robot-assisted pedicle instrumentation in an academic environment with the involvement of residents and fellows.METHODSThe Renaissance Guidance System was used to plan and execute pedicle screw placement in open and percutaneous consecutive cases performed in the period of December 2015 to December 2016. The database was reviewed to assess the usability of the robot by neurosurgical trainees. Outcome measures included time per screw, fluoroscopy time, breached screws, and other complications. Screw placement was assessed in patients with postoperative CT studies. The speed of screw placement and fluoroscopy time were collected at the time of surgery by personnel affiliated with the robot’s manufacturer. Complication and imaging data were reviewed retrospectively.RESULTSA total of 306 pedicle screws were inserted in 30 p...
When the Cop Is the Victim: A Test of Target Congruence Theory on Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Experienced by Police Officers

This study analyzed data from the Police Stress and Domestic Violence in Police Families in Baltimore, Maryland, 1997-1999 (N = 753) to examine propositions derived from target congruence theory in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization experienced by police officers. Specifically, this study tested the influence of target vulnerability, target gratifiability, and target antagonism on IPV victimization. Results from logistic regression models showed that all three theoretical constructs positively and significantly predicted IPV victimization. Results, as well as the study's limitations and directions for future research, are discussed.
The Moral and Ethical Judgments of Dr. Laura

All the contents of the following article were gathered from the radio talk show of Dr. Laura Schlessinger. Her judgments of what is the right or wrong thing to do were heard—and overheard, too were some of the reasons on which she based these judgments of human conduct. Often she spoke of obligations and rights. Some of the values and disvalues behind her judgments were disclosed in her judgments.
Greening Health: The Role of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism in Health Promotion

In this paper we describe the role of parks, recreation, and tourism in health promotion. We begin by proposing a new definition of health that is rooted in an ecologically based worldview. Our definition sees human health and environmental health as being inextricably intertwined. Indeed, we see them as being one in the same. We then discuss ecological insights rooted in biomimicry that illuminate the kinds of contributions parks, recreation, and tourism professionals can make to health promotion. This application requires us to see ourselves, in the words of Aldo Leopold, as “plain members and citizens of a larger community of life” (Leopold, 1949, p. 224), citizens who recognize that we have much to learn from other species about how to live our lives in a manner that ensures a sustainable future for us all. We then place the principles of biomimicry into a larger global context by explicating a model of ecologically-based health promotion through which park, recreation, and tourism professionals might better understand how the work they do contributes to health promotion. We offer two examples--one international and one local—of what this work looks like in practice, emphasizing how they reflect the principles of biomimicry and an ecological model of health promotion. Finally, we invite readers to ponder the implications of what we propose for the work they do in parks, recreation, and tourism.Subscribe to JPRA
No Left or Right, Only Right or Wrong

“There is no left or right, it’s about right or wrong”Tea party and conservative activists in the United States emphatically argued this point in conversations with me during my research on the Tea...
Probability Models on Rankings and the Electoral Process

Multicandidate elections with a single winner suggest several questions about the manner in which the preferences of a group of individual voters are aggregated into a single social choice. Obvious examples are the national presidential primaries in the major political parties. However, nonpolitical exercises such as the ranking of job applicants or college football teams provide other examples. If an individual’s preference is viewed as a ranking of the available choices then the literature on probability models for rankings (see the survey by Critchlow, Fligner and Verducci [11]) may be used to analyze methods for combining preferences. Several probability models are used to analyze the results of a five candidate presidential election of the American Psychological Association. In addition, simulated data generated by parametric probability models is used to consider the merits of a variety of voting systems.
Pollution Taxes — The Preferred Means of Incorporation of Environmental Externalities

Internalizing the environmental costs imposed on society by polluters is the wave of the future in addressing environmental degradation. By signalling to industry the true societal costs of their operations, inclusion of environmental costs in the price of goods produced gives an economic incentive to industry to reduce pollution. This can be an important supplement to regulation.
A model for allocation of weapons to targets

This chapter is concerned with a weapons assignment problem of both theoretical and practical importance. It is a simple maximum problem, and is basic to the work of Chapter VII 11.
Theory of bifurcation amplifiers utilizing the nonlinear dynamical response of an optically damped mechanical oscillator

We consider a standard optomechanical system where a mechanical oscillator is coupled to a cavity mode through the radiation pressure interaction. The oscillator is coherently driven at its resonance frequency, whereas the cavity mode is driven below its resonance, providing optical damping of the mechanical oscillations. We study the nonlinear coherent response of the mechanical oscillator in this setup. For large mechanical amplitudes, we find that the system can display dynamical multistability if the optomechanical cooperativity exceeds a critical value. This analysis relates standard optomechanical damping to the dynamical attractors known from the theory of optomechanical self-sustained oscillations. We also investigate the effect of thermal and quantum noise and estimate the noise-induced switching rate between the stable states of the system. We then consider applications of this system and primarily focus on how it can be used as bifurcation amplifiers for the detection of small mechanical or optical signals. Finally, we show that in a related but more complicated setup featuring resonant optomechanical interactions, the same effects can be realized with a relaxed requirement on the size of the mechanical oscillations.
Conversion of He(23S) to He2(a3Σu+) in Liquid Helium

The report of an anomalously intense He4+ peak in electron impact mass spectra of large helium droplets created a stir 3 decades ago that continues to this day. When the electron kinetic energy exceeds 41 eV, an additional pathway opens that yields He4+ predominantly in an electronically excited metastable state. A pair of He*(23S) atoms has been implicated based on the isolated He* energy of 19.82 eV and the 41 eV threshold, and the creation of He4+ has been conjectured to proceed via a pair of He2*(a3Σu+) precursors. The mechanism whereby He* converts to He2* in liquid helium has remained a mystery, however. High level ab initio theory combined with classical molecular dynamics has been applied to systems comprising small numbers of He atoms. The conversion of He* to He2* in such systems is shown to be due to a simple many-body effect that yields He2* rapidly and efficiently.
Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Regulation and a Role for Biomolecular Condensates.

Summary Wnt/β-Catenin signaling plays key roles in tissue homeostasis and cell fate decisions in embryonic and post-embryonic development across the animal kingdom. As a result, pathway mutations are associated with developmental disorders and many human cancers. The multiprotein destruction complex keeps signaling off in the absence of Wnt ligands and needs to be downregulated for pathway activation. We discuss new insights into destruction complex activity and regulation, highlighting parallels to the control of other cell biological processes by biomolecular condensates that form by phase separation to suggest that the destruction complex acts as a biomolecular condensate in Wnt pathway regulation.
Metformin Associated With Increased Survival in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Pancreatic Cancer and Lymphoma

Abstract Background The biguanide drug metformin is one of the most commonly used medications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetics are at an increased risk for cancer. Previous studies have demonstrated improved outcomes in patients taking metformin suffering from prostate, colon, lung, thyroid, and esophageal cancers. Metformin's main antineoplastic mechanism of action is thought to be mediated through inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin, inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) alpha, and activation of p53. We investigated the overall survival of type 2 diabetic patients on metformin with pancreatic cancer and lymphoma using the Computerized Patient Record System at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis TN. Methods Lymphoma and pancreatic cancer patients with type 2 diabetes were sorted into an experimental (metformin) group and a control (nonmetformin) group. Patients were compared on baseline characteristics including race, body mass index, and age. Cancer outcomes including overall survival, metastasis, recurrences, and incidence of new malignancies were recorded. Hemoglobin A1C, creatinine and cancer treatment modalities were recorded and compared. Statistical analyses used included unpaired t tests and Chi-squared tests. Results There was significantly greater overall long-term survival in the metformin group compared to the nonmetformin group for lymphoma (5.89 vs 1.29 years, P Conclusions Metformin is associated with a significant, positive effect of increased overall survival in type 2 diabetes patients with pancreatic cancer and lymphoma. These results are encouraging, and prospective studies should be done to further investigate metformin's effects in cancer.
The Usability of an Online Learning Management System in an Aviation Curriculum Blended Course Design – A Case Study

The Aviation and Aerospace Science Department of Metropolitan State University of Denver has implemented a third-party Learning Management System (LMS) to standardize learning content in Aviation Fundamentals and Instrument Fundamentals, two core course s in the degree curriculum . Shifting primary content delivery to the online LMS allowed individual instructors to experiment with blended teaching techniques. In an effort to assess the usability of this course design, a survey of all student users was conducted . The findings presented in this article include dat a regarding the overall usability of the LMS system as well as student satisfaction and their preferences surrounding the blended format .
The probability of a robust inference for internal validity

The internal validity of observational study is often subject to debate. In this study, we define the counterfactuals as the unobserved sample and intend to quantify its relationship with the null ...
Accurate Statistics on COVID-19 Are Essential for Policy Guidance and Decisions.

Disease surveillance forms the basis for response to epidemics. COVID-19 provides a modern example of why the classic mantra of “person, place, and time” remains crucial: epidemic control requires ...
The Height of Inequality: A Policy Perspective

Income households’ share of national income has grown dramatically since 1970 while the bottom 80 percent has seen their share decline. This paper examines economic, social, and demographic changes that almost assure that the income would be increasingly concentrated at the top. Occupations that dominate the top 1 percent of households nevertheless are getting unearned rents because corporate boards do not control executive compensation, medical, dental and law professions undermine competition, and a long-standing finance premium has favored that occupation. Progressivity of the tax code stops at an income level far below the $1.66 million average income for the top 1 percent of taxpayers. Higher taxes on top incomes can make the system fairer and the increased revenues can be devoted to programs that enhance economic growth and benefit lower income households.
Frustration With Technology and its Relation to Emotional Exhaustion Among Health Care Workers: Cross-sectional Observational Study

Background: New technology adoption is common in health care, but it may elicit frustration if end users are not sufficiently considered in their design or trained in their use. These frustrations may contribute to burnout. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and quantify health care workers’ frustration with technology and its relationship with emotional exhaustion, after controlling for measures of work-life integration that may indicate excessive job demands. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study of health care workers across 31 Michigan hospitals. We used the Safety, Communication, Operational Reliability, and Engagement (SCORE) survey to measure work-life integration and emotional exhaustion among the survey respondents. We used mixed-effects hierarchical linear regression to evaluate the relationship among frustration with technology, other components of work-life integration, and emotional exhaustion, with adjustment for unit and health care worker characteristics. Results: Of 15,505 respondents, 5065 (32.7%) reported that they experienced frustration with technology on at least 3-5 days per week. Frustration with technology was associated with higher scores for the composite Emotional Exhaustion scale (r=0.35, P<.001) and each individual item on the Emotional Exhaustion scale (r=0.29-0.36, P<.001 for all). Each 10-point increase in the frustration with technology score was associated with a 1.2-point increase (95% CI 1.1-1.4) in emotional exhaustion (both measured on 100-point scales), after adjustment for other work-life integration items and unit and health care worker characteristics. Conclusions: This study found that frustration with technology and several other markers of work-life integration are independently associated with emotional exhaustion among health care workers. Frustration with technology is common but not ubiquitous among health care workers, and it is one of several work-life integration factors associated with emotional exhaustion. Minimizing frustration with health care technology may be an effective approach in reducing burnout among health care workers.
Application of heuristic UTD formulation for describing scattering by a thin and multilayer anisotropic slab

The previously developed heuristic uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) corner and wedge diffraction coefficients for a thin lossless anisotropic slab are generalized and applied for predicting electromagnetic scattering by a thin and multilayer anisotropic slab with complex permittivity and permeability tensors. The effective reflection and transmission coefficients of a thin and multilayer slab are used in the heuristic formulation to determine the scattered fields. Numerical results are provided for various scattering problems that demonstrate the application of the heuristic formulations for a thin and multilayer structure.
Mobility network reveals the impact of geographic vaccination heterogeneity on COVID-19

ABSTRACT Massive vaccination is one of the most effective epidemic control measures. Because one’s vaccination decision is shaped by social processes (e.g., socioeconomic sorting and social contagion), the pattern of vaccine uptake tends to show strong social and geographical heterogeneity, such as urban-rural divide and clustering. Yet, little is known to what extent and how the vaccination heterogeneity affects the course of outbreaks. Here, leveraging the unprecedented availability of data and computational models produced during the COVID-19 pandemic, we investigate two network effects—the “hub effect” (hubs in the mobility network usually have higher vaccination rates) and the “homophily effect” (neighboring places tend to have similar vaccination rates). Applying Bayesian deep learning and fine-grained simulations for the U.S., we show that stronger homophily leads to more infections while a stronger hub effect results in fewer cases. Our simulation estimates that these effects have a combined net negative impact on the outcome, increasing the total cases by approximately 10% in the U.S. Inspired by these results, we propose a vaccination campaign strategy that targets a small number of regions to further improve the vaccination rate, which can reduce the number of cases by 20% by only vaccinating an additional 1% of the population according to our simulations. Our results suggest that we must examine the interplay between vaccination patterns and mobility networks beyond the overall vaccination rate, and that the government may need to shift policy focus from overall vaccination rates to geographical vaccination heterogeneity.
Estimating the Frequencies of Drop Events during the Preclosure Emplacement Period at Yucca Mountain, Nevada

This research estimates the likelihood of the number of occurrences of three internal events involving crane transfers during the potential 50-year preclosure operational period of Yucca Mountain (YM): (a) drop of a bare-fuel assembly, (b) drop of a transport, aging, and disposal canister, and (c) drop of a dual-purpose canister. The analysis employs a model developed by the authors for predicting the packaging and thermal characteristics of waste streams arriving at YMand is related to a study on throughput for the surface facilities that was also conducted by the authors using the model. The model generates waste streams for commercial spent nuclear fuel as a function of repository design parameters and operating strategies. Waste streams arriving at the repository are assumed to be routed for processing in the surface facilities based on the thermal properties of the packages. This allows for estimation of the number of material crane transfers associated with each waste stream. The number of drops over the preclosure period is described as a binomial distribution, where each crane transfer is treated as an identical, independent trial with an outcome of drop or no drop. Results indicate that the drop events are not expected to occur one or more times during the preclosure operational period. This paper demonstrates an approach for estimating the likely distributions for frequencies of drop events, accounting for uncertainty in waste stream quantities in addition to changing assumptions about the crane drop rate. While it is recognized that results of this analysis are specific to YM surface facility design, the approach can be adapted for similar systems designed for centralized interim storage.
Science-Relevant Curiosity Expression and Interest in Science: An Exploratory Study

In efforts to understand and promote long-term interest in science, much work has focused on measuring students’ interest in topics of science, typically with surveys. This approach has challenges, as interest in a topic may not necessarily indicate interest in scientific practices and pursuits. An underexplored and perhaps productive way to gauge and foster interest in science is to understand the ways in which students express curiosity about the nature of an object, phenomena, or a given topic. This study explores the nature and prevalence of students’ expressions of science-relevant curiosity such as wonderment about causal mechanisms, teleological explanations, and inconsistencies in observations. We coded student photojournal entries and interview responses to explore (1) how wonderment can be characterized not by science topic or domain, but rather by the aspects of scientific inquiry practice they reflect, (2) the variation in such science-relevant curiosity expression in a small sample (N = 19) of sixth-grade students, and (3) how individual variation in curiosity expression relates to reported interest in science. We found that a qualitative approach using photojournaling and interviews captured a wide variation in curiosity expression among students, and brief cases analyses (N = 3) demonstrate that students with differing patterns of curiosity expression talk about their interest in science differently.
An Interpretation of the Safe Drinking Water Act's “Non-Endangerment” Standard for the Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the methodology for varying approaches and considerations for the non-endangerment standard of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) for the underground injection control (UIC) program. To determine the most appropriate course of action for preventing endangerment of underground sources of drinking water (USDWs) from the threats posed by all injection practices, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) evaluated key considerations within the framework of the SDWA. Besides being inconsistent with the SDWA, the practices are exceedingly difficult to assure compliance, and there is a high degree of uncertainty over whether public health protection is being achieved. It is believed that injection well approaches to preventing endangerment of USDWs generally fall within five different categories. All of these approaches take into account specific factors and considerations in how the appropriate course of action is taken by the UIC program. Some of these approaches have a low assurance of preventing endangerment of USDWs and the public health.
On the social implications of organizational reengineering: A phenomenological study of individual experiences of BPR processes

This work employs a phenomenological approach to investigate how people experience the radical transformation of their work lives caused by reengineering (BPR) processes. The common essences of the experiences of three co‐researchers are synthesized into a composite textural‐structural description of the reengineering phenomenon. The analysis of the rich, multidimensional information offered by participants reveals that reengineering projects elicit complex experiences involving a multitude of horizons. In particular, the analysis suggests that, by taking the discourse of efficiency to extremes, reeengineering ends up by unveiling the conflicts inherent in the arrangements that generally characterize workplace. This proposition goes beyond the traditional belief that the basic reason for resistance in BPR projects is the fear of layoffs or the modification of power arrangements. Indeed, such factors seem to be part of the problem. It is also necessary to understand the important role of the crisis that reeengineering may generate in individuals’ ongoing process of sense making.
Engineering Hydrogel Microspheres for Healthy and Tasty Foods

Hydrogel microspheres made with food-grade biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, have become a highly active research area in both applied and fundamental food science studies. This is because hydrogel particles can be formulated with a diverse range of microstructures, rheological properties, and responses to environmental stimuli. The tunable nature of the physicochemical properties of hydrogel particles leads to many potential applications in texture control, encapsulation, and/or targeted delivery of bioactive components. This chapter provides a brief overview of the molecular characteristics of common biopolymers used to assemble hydrogel particles, the major principles of structural formation used to assemble these particles, and the functional properties of hydrogel particles in food applications.
Localization of Somatic Antigen on Gram-Negative Bacteria by Electron Microscopy

Abstract Shands, J. W. (University of Florida, Gainesville). Localization of somatic antigen on gram-negative bacteria by electron microscopy. J. Bacteriol. 90:266–270. 1965.—Antisera specific for the somatic antigens of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli O113 were prepared, and globulins isolated from these antisera were labeled with ferritin. Micrographs of labeled, sectioned bacteria show that somatic antigen is located in considerable quantities on the surface of the bacteria, and, furthermore, that it can extend up to 150 mμ beyond the confines of the cell wall. The arrangement of the ferritin on the bacteria suggests that the antigenic sites are located on fibrillar structures.
Transformations on hierarchical predicate transition nets: refinements and abstractions

A set of useful refinement rules on hierarchical predicate transition nets (HPrTNs in the sequel) is presented. These rules help a user to develop a large HPrTN in a stepwise approach supporting both top-down and bottom-up development styles. Furthermore, the author has shown that these rules either preserve or facilitate the verification of many system behavioral properties. Another nice feature of these rules is that their applications always result in a valid partial view and an extended and integrated definition of the original HPrTN. The author also briefly discusses related works on refinement techniques based on Petri nets and other specification methods.
Asociality and engagement in adult offenders in substance abuse treatment.

In therapeutic community models for drug treatment, individual recovery is principally structured around group meetings and positive peer influences. Research shows that asocial group members with resistant behaviors and attitudes are at risk for poor treatment outcomes and have the potential to adversely impact the therapeutic group. To gain a better understanding of the asocial client's role in the larger treatment process, in-prison treatment data were used: (1) to model and confirm a two-factor solution of asociality consistent with the literature, and (2) to examine the relationship between asocial clients and treatment engagement for validation of the two-factor model. Exploratory analysis resulted in a three-factor solution representing behavioral responsivity, cognitive distortion, and social disassociation dimensions. Nested ANOVA (i.e., clients nested within prison programs) demonstrated that asocial levels (low, medium, and high risk) predicted treatment engagement. Furthermore, comparisons among asocial risk levels indicated that high asocial clients reported significantly lower engagement levels when compared with low and medium asocial clients. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relative effectiveness of persuasion tactics in auditor–client negotiations

Abstract In this study, we examine the effectiveness of four persuasive arguments that auditors may use to convince clients to accept their desired position in auditor–client negotiations. In addition, we investigate how the style in which the argument is communicated by the auditor impacts its effectiveness. Our results indicate that the type of persuasion tactic used by auditors significantly impacts the amount of concessions made by clients. Specifically, we find that, while threatening to qualify the audit opinion can result in significant client concessions, a tactic of simply informing the client that other companies have handled the accounting issue in a way consistent with the auditor’s preference is as effective, or more effective, than all of the other tactics examined at eliciting significant concessions as well as engendering positive affect toward the auditor. This result is consistent with findings from the persuasion literature relating to the pervasive power of social validation. We also find that clients offer more concessions, evaluate the auditor more positively, and are more satisfied with the negotiation outcome when auditors communicate their arguments using a cooperative, as opposed to a contentious, communication style. The results of this study indicate that auditors may benefit from training in persuasion tactics in order to achieve more desirable negotiation outcomes.
Independent clinical correlates of severe alcohol withdrawal

This retrospective cohort study sought to identify clinical variables that independently correlate with severe alcohol withdrawal and to quantify risk in a clinically useful manner. The records of 284 inpatients admitted to an acute detoxification unit at a Veterans Affairs teaching hospital were reviewed. Clinical data were recorded on standardized forms at the time of admission and abstracted by a physician reviewer. Alcohol withdrawal severity was prospectively measured with the revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA-Ar) scale. Seventy-one patients (25% of cohort) had severe withdrawal. We identified six independent correlates of severe withdrawal: use of a morning eye-opener (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–25.9), an initial CIWA-Ar score ≥q 10 (OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 2.4–10.6), a serum aspartate aminotransferase ≥ 80 U/L (OR, 4.2; 95% CI, 2.0–8.8), past benzodiazepine use (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.3–9.9), self-reported history of “delirium tremens” (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.3–6.2), and prior participation in two or more alcohol treatment programs (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3–5.6). Significantly higher risk was observed in subjects with three or more independent correlates. In conclusion, several readily available clinical variables correlate with the occurrence of severe alcohol withdrawal. Ascertainment of these variables early in the course of alcohol withdrawal has the potential to improve triage and treatment decisions.
Submersible unmanned flying boat: Design and experiment

A real submersible flying boat which is both flight-capable and submersible has hardly been reported yet. In this paper, the Flying Fish created by Beihang University will be introduced to verify the feasibility of this kind of novel aircraft. The Flying Fish achieves its ability to transfer between the air and the water by imitating the flying fish and aquatic birds. The morphological characteristics of the flying fish and the variable density method of the aquatic birds are imitated in the design of this novel aircraft. Moreover, the technological deficiencies of this vehicle have also been concluded through the experiments, which can be referred to by the relative future studies.
Selective deposition and luminescence characterization of Eu‐doped Y2O3 nanoparticles by microwave plasma synthesis

Nanosize phosphor particles of Eu-doped Y 2 O 3 were synthesized at room temperature by an organometallic vapor-phase microwave plasma-synthesis technique. These particles were selectively deposited downstream of the plasma reaction region to form thin layers on biased regions of a substrate. Particles were characterized using x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The morphologies of the thin phosphor layers were studied using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that the particles form a fibrous structure with good selectivity for thicknesses less than 100 nm. The nanoparticle-phosphor optical characteristics were analyzed using absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. These results indicate that the particles have absorption and luminescence spectra similar to the bulk. This study demonstrates that the microwave plasma-synthesis technique may provide an effective method for producing phosphor screens that meet many of the needs of advanced cathodoluminescent low-voltage devices.
Linear aggregation and the turbidimetric lag phase: type I collagen fibrillogenesis in vitro.

Abstract Using classical light scattering theory it is shown that the turbidimetric lag phase is a property of macromolecular systems that form linear aggregates during the initial period of self-assembly. This analysis and previous observations on Type I collagen suggests that initiation occurs by the conversion of single molecules into linear dimers in which neighboring molecules are staggered by 4·0 D (D = 67 nm). Linear.growth of dimers occurs by 4 D addition of either single molecules or linear aggregates until the aggregate is about 60 to 70 molecules long. Linear growth appears to involve charged binding sites in the amino and carboxy termini. The same sites have been shown to be involved in crosslink formation and in the attachment of disaccharides. Lateral growth occurs via the rapid formation of several discretely sized intermediates which lead to the formation of narrow fibrils ∼ 25 nm wide. Narrow fibrils individually wrap around each other increasing the diameter to 100 nm or greater.
Natural units of representation interact during sentence comprehension

Subjects read aloud the verb IS and ARE that was projected to interrupt a spoken sentence: immediately preceding the projected word, the sentence contianed a “verb” + ing noun” sequence, which was either a gerund (“raking leaves”), an adjectival phrase (“diving submarines”) or ambiguous (“growing flowers”). The experiment investigated the effect on word-reading time of various independent variables in the preceding context clause that biased the subject to expect either a gerund or adjectival construction. The operational measure of the effectiveness of a context was the difference in reading time between a word consistent with the bias and a word inconsistent with the bias. The stronger effects occurred when the “verb + ing noun” phrase was ambiguous and (1) the plural/singular dimension in the preceding context clause was morphologically explicit, (2) the context clause was introduced by THOUGH (as opposed to IF, or being a main clause), (3) there was an explicit form of BE in the context clause, (4) the biased interpretation from the context clause was the gerund. These effects and others support a structurally differentiated model of comprehension in which listeners link representations at distinct levels of representation expressed in the units that are most natural at that level (e.g., propositions at the semantic level, words and word-groupings at the syntactic level).
Exact computations test stochastic Loewner evolution and scaling in glassy systems

Commentary on `Domain walls and chaos in the disordered SOS model', by K Schwarz, A Karrenbauer, G Schehr and H Rieger, 2009 J. Stat. Mech. P08022.
D-Pulegone: A feeding deterrent to deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster)

D-Pulegone, a monoterpene present in pennyroyalMentha sp. is repellent to a number of vertebrates, decreasing consumption of feed and granular particles. In the present study, several tests were used to determine the reliability of this substance as a feeding deterrent. D-Pulegone (10mM—1M) applied as a coating to apple pieces significantly (P < 0.001) decreased ingestion by deer mice,Peromyscus maniculatus, and prairie voles,Microtus ochrogaster. The deterrent effect of d-pulegone was not diminished following multiple exposures suggesting that this compound may be a promising candidate for use a a general vertebrate repellent. The inhibitory effect of 1M d-pulegone on apple ingestion in voles was abolished when contact was prevented by encasing the stimulus solution in plastic mesh capsules. We conclude that while d-pulegone has repellent properties following direct contact, volatile exposure alone may not be sufficient to elicit avoidance behavior.
AN ANTIBODY TO HUMAN THYMIC HASSALL'S BODY EPITHELIUM RECOGNIZES A SUBSET OF BLOOD GROUP A ANTIGENS

SUMMARY TE-19, a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) against thymic Hassall's body epithelium, was investigated because of its cross-reactivity with human erythrocytes. Antibody TE-19 was found to react only with group A erythrocytes, though it reacted with Hassall's body epithelium from donors of all blood group phenotypes. TE-19 antibody bound preferentially to cells of subgroup A1 and reacted only weakly with A2 and Aint erythrocytes. Although it apparently bound to A antigen with both glycolipid and glycoprotein backbones, TE-19 antibody only reacted with A antigenic moieties containing long or branched chain structures. Analysis of TE-19 reactivity with erythrocyte membrane components using electroblotting and immunostaining techniques showed antibody reactivity with components migrating in the areas of band 4.5 and just ahead of the dye front, consistent with membrane glycolipid. It is possible that all human thymic Hassall's bodies contain epithelial cells which, irrespective of the donor's erythrocyte blood group, bear a carbohydrate antigen similar to A antigen.
Simultaneous gallium-67 citrate and technetium-99m sestamibi SPET in a case of myocardial lymphoma: comparison with echocardiography before and after chemotherapy.

A patient with diffuse large cell lymphoma involving the interventricular septum and the inferior ventricular wall was imaged with a simultaneous dual-isotope single-photon emission tomography (SPET) acquisition technique, using the radiotracers technetium-99m hexakis 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (sestamibi) and gallium-67 citrate, in conjunction with echocardiography, prior to and following the first course of chemotherapy. Simultaneous acquisition — with the advantage of displaying corresponding sets of SPET slices without any need for position correction - , supplemented by echocardiography, increased the accuracy of evaluation of the extent of disease and response to treatment.
Kinetic studies of azo dye-α-cyclodextrin complexes. Evidence for an isomerization step

Abstract The kinetics of complex formation of a series of azo dyes with α-cyclodextrin (cyclomaltohexaose, α-CD) were examined by means of the temperature-jump method at pH 7.2, an ionic strength of 0.15 m , and a temperature rise to 25°. All dyes were azobenzenes with a hydroxy group at C-4′ of one ring and a carboxy group at C-4 of the other ring. The data obtained with the dyes containing a substituent at C-2′ were interpreted as indicating an isomerization step coupled to the association of the dyes with α-CD.