cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Advances in restorative neurosurgery: Endovascular delivery and fate determination of transplanted stem cells

o e p t i m he amalgam of molecular biology and neurosurgery (cellular and molecular neurosurgery) ffers immense promise for neurorestoration and he management of neurodegenerative deficiencies, evelopmental disorders, neoplasms, stroke, and rauma. Fundamental concepts pertaining to these rospects were formulated in companion papers ublished in 1997 and refined in 2003, which arked the 50 anniversary of Watson and Crick’s undamental description of the structure of the NA double helix. Over the last several years, efforts to render hese concepts into practical treatments have conisted of transplanting various populations of neuonal progenitors, including clonogenically exanded stem-cell lines, into the central nervous ystem (CNS). These attempts have been thwarted y erratic physical delivery and unpredictable diferentiation (fate) of the transplanted cells. In an effort to circumvent these impediments, e have recently proposed strategies for intrarterial delivery of therapeutic cells into the CNS nd advanced the concept of a potential new aproach, endovascular restorative neurosurgery. e’ve also reported the engineering of artificial xtracellular matrix ligands that can direct the fate f stem cells along desired lineages, either before r after transplantation into the CNS. The adances of endovascular delivery and control of ellular fate represent exciting avenues for restortive neurosurgery, as summarized below.
Measurement of Co2 Permeability in Polymer Films

A simple and sensitive method for measuring CO2 permeability in polymer films has been developed. The method is based on the use of 14CO2. At time zero 14CO2 is injected on the high pressure side of the cell. Permeation is monitored with a Geiger counter which senses 14CO2 on the low pressure side of the cell. The counts/time on the low pressure side are proportional to the total concentration of CO 2 which has diffused through the film. With the known source concentration the volume-time curve is constructed and the permeability and time lag are calculated. The system sensitivity as it is presently configured is on the order of 10-15 em3(STP).cm/cm2.sec.cm Hg. Results are presented for a measurement of a 0.025 cm polycarbonate film.
The right to refuse mental health treatment: A therapeutic jurisprudence analysis

The controversy concerning the recognition and definition of a right to refuse mental health treatment has largely ignored the question of whether such recognition would be therapeutically beneficial or detrimental to the patient. Would such recognition lead to refusal of needed treatment so that patients will “rot with their rights on,” as some have suggested ?’ Will allowing offenders the choice whether to participate in correctional rehabilitation programs increase recidivism? Will patients forced to accept mental health treatment over objection improve and come, in time, to thank their doctor, retrospectively approving beneficial treatment they never would have accepted voluntarily?2 On the
Clustering of Trade Prices by High-Frequency and Non–High-Frequency Trading Firms

We examine clustering of transaction prices in a sample that contains high-frequency trading firms’ transactions. We separate our sample into four categories: transactions with a high-frequency trading firm on both sides of the transaction, on only one side of the transaction (either liquidity provider or liquidity demander), or on neither side of the transaction. We find that transaction price clustering is less frequent when a high-frequency trading firm is on both sides of the transaction than when a high-frequency trading firm is on only one side of the transaction or if a high-frequency trading firm is not involved in the transaction. Further, we find that transactions where the liquidity providing order, which more likely dictates the price, is submitted by a high-frequency trading firm cluster less than when the liquidity providing order is submitted by a non–high-frequency trader. We thus conclude that the tendency of prices to cluster appears to be driven by a distinctly human bias.
Clinical Geropsychology Training in Generalist Doctoral Programs.

While a relatively small number of clinical psychology graduate programs offer specialized tracks in clinical geropsychology, the need for psychologists trained to work with older adults is increasing. This paper presents a model of training that could be adopted by generalist training programs to better prepare their students to work with older adults without creating a specialty program in geropsychology. The model identifies key domains of knowledge that should be covered, emphasizes service learning as a key element of training, provides a list of resources for faculty desiring to develop a geropsychology course, and suggests ways to overcome barriers that may prevent the implementation of the model.
Determination of Proximal Femoral Epiphyseal Depth for Repair of Physeal Fractures in Immature Dogs

Objective—To determine the depth that implants may be safely placed for repair of proximal femoral physeal fractures. Study Design—Relationships were determined between the depth of the proximal femoral epiphysis (PFE) and the contralateral PFE, and the PFE and pubic bone width. Animals or Sample Population—20 immature dog cadavers. Methods—Actual PFE depths were determined at the center of the physeal surface and at four other eccentric points. The contralateral intact PFE depth and the width of the cranial aspect of the pubic bone were measured from radiographs. Results—Mean ratios of actual central PFE depth to radiographically measured (1) contralateral PFE depth and (2) pubic bone width were 1.04:1 and 1.09:1, and ratios of actual eccentric PFE depths were 0.89:1 and 0.93:1. Body weight was not useful in estimating depth of the PFE. Conclusions—For the central epiphysis, pins may safely be placed a distance equal to 75% to 80% of the contralateral intact PFE depth or pubic bone width, measured from a ventrodorsal radiograph, with minimal risk of penetration through the articular surface. Pins placed eccentrically may be safely driven a depth equal to 65% of the radiographically measured contralateral intact PFE depth or pubic bone width. Clinical Relevance—Estimating the safe depth of implant placement into the PFE avoids penetration of the articular surface.
Incorporating land use land cover probability information into endmember class selections for temporal mixture analysis

Abstract As a promising method for estimating fractional land covers within a remote sensing pixel, spectral mixture analysis (SMA) has been successfully applied in numerous fields, including urban analysis, forest mapping, etc. When implementing SMA, an important step is to select the number, type, and spectra of pure land covers (also termed endmember classes). While extensive studies have been conducted in addressing endmember variability (e.g. spectral variability of endmember classes), little research has paid attention to the selection of an appropriate number and types of endmember classes. To address this problem, in this study, we proposed to automatically select endmember classes for temporal mixture analysis (TMA), a variant of SMA, through incorporating land use land cover probability information derived from socio-economic and environmental drivers. This proposed model includes three consecutive steps, including (1) quantifying the distribution probability of each endmember class using a logistic regression analysis, (2) identifying whether each endmember class exists or not in a particular pixel using a classification tree method, and (3) estimating fractional land covers using TMA. Results indicate that the proposed TMA model achieves a significantly better performance than the simple TMA and a comparable performance with the METMA with an SE of 2.25% and an MAE of 3.18%. In addition, significantly better accuracy was achieved in less developed areas when compared to that of developed areas. This may indicate that an appropriate endmember class set might be more essential in less developed areas, while other factors like endmember variability is more important in developed areas.
Information content of rat scotophobin.

Synthetic rat scotophobin, a polypeptide alleged to encode “fear of the dark” as injected into mice. No effect was observed when recipients were tested without reinforcement; however, a weak “positive transfer effect” appeared after recipients were given foot shock. The data suggest that scotophobin facilitated acquisition rather than interacted with non-associative consequences of reinforcement such as stress. Unavailability of additional scotophobin prevented examination of the task specificity of this facilitated acquisition. Further experiments indicated that trained, rat scotophobin donors did not learn to avoid the dark but did come to avoid other apparatus cues. This requires some reinterpretation of scotophobin studies using rodents as recipients and a complete reexamination of scotophobin studies using goldfish as recipients.
Toward better mentoring for early career faculty: results of a study of US geographers

Interviews and a survey were conducted to assess both the structure and content of mentoring and advising provided to early‐career faculty in geography. Results indicated three broad conditions for structuring effective mentoring: 1) regular, proactive meetings; 2) engaging diverse groups of individuals within and outside of a department; and 3) leadership, resources, and philosophical support for professional development from departments and institutions. Within mentoring relationships, early career faculty would like a broader range of professional and career issues addressed. Although drawn from one discipline, the data suggest ways of improving mentoring practice in other fields. Des entretiens et un sondage ont ete effectues de facon a evaluer les structures et le contenu d'un programme de mentorat et de conseil destine aux nouveaux professeurs de geographie. Les resultats mettent en evidence trois grandes conditions permettant de structurer des programmes de mentorat efficaces: 1) des rencontres reg...
Scalability studies and large grid computations for surface combatant using CFDShip-Iowa

Scalability studies and computations using the largest grids to date for free-surface flows are performed using message-passing interface (MPI)-based CFDShip-Iowa toolbox curvilinear (V4) and Cartesian (V6) grid solvers on Navy high-performance computing systems. Both solvers show good strong scalability up to 2048 processors, with V6 showing somewhat better performance than V4. V6 also outperforms V4 in terms of the memory requirements and central processing unit (CPU) time per time-step per grid point. The explicit solvers show better scalability than the implicit solvers, but the latter allows larger time-step sizes, resulting in a lower total CPU time. The multi-grid HYPRE solver shows better scalability than the portable, extensible toolkit for scientific computation solver. The main scalability bottleneck is identified to be the pressure Poisson solver. The memory bandwidth test suggests that further scalability improvements could be obtained by using hybrid MPI/open multi-processing (OpenMP) parallelization. V4-detached eddy simulation (DES) on a 300 M grid for the surface combatant model DTMB 5415 in the straight-ahead condition provides a plausible description of the vortical structures and mean flow patterns observed in the experiments. However, the vortex strengths are over predicted and the turbulence is not resolved. V4-DESs on up to 250 M grids for DTMB 5415 at 20Â° static drift angle significantly improve the forces and moment predictions compared to the coarse grid unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes, due to the improved resolved turbulence predictions. The simulations provide detailed resolution of the free-surface and breaking pattern and vortical and turbulent structures, which will guide planned experiments. V6 simulations on up to 276 M grids for DTMB 5415 in the straight-ahead condition predict diffused vortical structures due to poor wall-layer predictions. This could be due to the limitations of the wall-function implementation for the immersed boundary method.
Synthesizing Boolean networks with a given attractor structure

The long-run characteristics of a dynamical system are critical and their determination is a primary aspect of system analysis. In the other direction, system synthesis involves constructing a network possessing a given set of properties. This constitutes the inverse problem. This paper addresses the long-run inverse problem pertaining to Boolean networks (BNs). The long-run behavior of a BN is characterized by its attractors. We derive two algorithms for the attractor inverse problem where the attractors are specified, and the sizes of the predictor sets and the number of levels are constrained. Under the assumption that sampling is from the steady state, a basic criterion for checking the validity of a designed network is that there should be concordance between the attractor states of the model and the data states. This criterion has been used to test a designed probabilistic Boolean network (PBN) constructed from melanoma gene-expression data.
Physical activity, walking exercise, and calf skeletal muscle characteristics in patients with peripheral arterial disease

Objective This cross-sectional study was set in an academic medical center and conducted to identify associations of physical activity level and walking exercise frequency with calf skeletal muscle characteristics in individuals with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods Calf muscle characteristics in 439 men and women with PAD were measured with computed tomography at 66.67% of the distance between the distal and proximal tibia. Physical activity was measured continuously during 7 days with a vertical accelerometer. Patient report was used to determine the number of blocks walked during the past week and walking exercise frequency. Results were adjusted for age, sex, race, comorbidities, ankle-brachial index, body mass index, smoking, and other confounders. Results For both objective and subjective measures, more physically active PAD participants had higher calf muscle area and muscle density. Calf muscle area across tertiles of accelerometer-measured physical activity were first activity tertile, 5071 mm 2 ; second activity tertile: 5612 mm 2 ; and third activity tertile, 5869 mm 2 ( P 3 ; second activity tertile, 33.0 mg/cm 3 ; and third activity tertile, 33.8 mg/cm 3 ( P Conclusion Among participants with PAD, higher physical activity levels, measured by accelerometer and by patient-reported blocks walked per week, were associated with more favorable calf muscle characteristics. In contrast, more frequent patient-reported walking exercise was not associated with more or less favorable calf muscle characteristics. Results suggest that clinicians should encourage their patients to increase their walking activity during daily life.
Incidence, predictors, and outcomes associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation after major noncardiac surgery.

Background Although major noncardiac surgery is common, few large-scale studies have examined the incidence and consequences of post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in this population. We sought to define the incidence of POAF and its impact on outcomes after major noncardiac surgery. Methods Using administrative data, we retrospectively reviewed the hospital course of adults who underwent major noncardiac surgery at 375 US hospitals over a 1-year period. Clinically significant POAF was defined as atrial fibrillation occurring during hospitalization that necessitated therapy. Results Of 370,447 patients, 10,957 (3.0%) developed clinically significant POAF while hospitalized. Of patients with POAF, 7,355 (67%) appeared to have pre-existing atrial fibrillation and 3,602 (33%) had newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation. Black patients had a lower risk of POAF (adjusted odds ratio, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.48-0.59; P P P P Conclusion POAF following noncardiac surgery is not uncommon and is associated with increased mortality and cost. Our study identifies risk factors for POAF, which appear to include race. Strategies are needed to not only prevent new POAF, but also improve management of patients with pre-existing atrial fibrillation.
Fabrication and testing of a novel all-diamond neural probe for chemical detection and electrical sensing applications

Fabrication and testing of all-diamond probes for neural applications is reported for the first time. Instead of commonly used silicon, undoped polycrystalline diamond (poly-C) with resistivity of ~105 Omegacm was chosen as the structural material of the probe. In addition, highly boron-doped (resistivity of ~10-3 Omegacm) poly-C film was used as the electrode material due to its excellent electrochemical properties and resistance to chemical attack. The diamond probe consists of 8 electrode sites with diameters ranging from 20 to 150 mum. The measured electrochemical potential window of the poly-C electrode was approximately -0.8 to 1.4 V in 1 M KCl. Initial measurements of electrochemical detection of a neurotransmitter called norepinephrine (NE) are very encouraging.
Lipid peroxidation and retinal phototoxic degeneration.

Phototoxic degeneration of the retina was first described by Noell, Walker, Kang, and Berman in 1966 and these authors also advanced the theory that polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) oxidation was the causal mechanism responsible for photoreceptor cell degeneration.1 Many investigators have contributed to our current understanding of light damage to the retina, and PUFA oxidation continues to be a prominent theory proposed to explain the mechanism of retinal degeneration.2 PUFA oxidation has also been implicated as an important factor in many other degenerative diseases such as cataract and heart disease.3 Until recently, however, conclusive evidence that lipid peroxidation takes place in vivo under any condition has been elusive.
Tunable microwave photonic transversal filter

We present a tapped tunable delay line filter for radiofrequency (RF) photonic filtering applications, capable of rapid tunability over a wide RF bandwidth limited only by the optical components’ losses, while maintaining independence from polarization state. Multiple fiber taps with contrasting dispersion slopes are used in intensity-modulated direct detection microwave photonic links. A temporal delay is generated between the signals within each arm of the link. Once a signal is received using balanced differential detection, nulls are generated as a function of the laser's operating wavelength. Tuning of the laser allows for a rapid shifting of the nulls in the RF spectrum to dynamically mitigate co-site interference. Through this method we demonstrate the potential for rapid tunability over the RF spectrum by the variation of the operating wavelength of the optical carrier.
DECOMPOSITION-BASED ASSEMBLY SYNTHESIS BASED ON STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATIONS

This paper presents a method for decomposition of structural products in order to provide the product designer with choices for feasible assemblies. The synthesis of assemblies is done by decomposing a complex structure obtained via structural topology optimization into an assembly of multiple structural members with simpler geometries. The aim is at providing a systematic approach to explore a large number of decompositions prior to the detailed component design phase. Initially, the structure, which is represented as a bitmap image, is transformed to a graph with equivalent topology through application of image processing algorithms. Then, the obtained graph is decomposed by a genetic algorithm into subgraphs using strength-based criteria. Results for an example structure are given to clarify and discuss the method.
Phase II Trial of Docetaxel, Cisplatin, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin as Induction for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

PURPOSE: To evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of a 4-day regimen of docetaxel, cisplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (TPFL4) in patients with locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty previously untreated patients with stage III or IV SCCHN and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group functional status of 2 or less were treated with TPFL4. Postchemotherapy support included prophylactic growth factors and antibiotics. Patients who achieved a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) to three cycles of TPFL4 received definitive twice-daily radiation therapy. The primary end points were toxicity and response to TPFL4. RESULTS: Eighty-five cycles were administered to 30 patients. The major acute toxicities to TPFL4 were mucositis and nausea. One patient died of neutropenic sepsis during therapy. Additional major toxicities were neutropenia, anorexia, nephropathy, neuropathy, and diarrhea. Fourteen percent of all cycles were associated with ho...
Estimation of submarine mass failure probability from a sequence of deposits with age dates

The empirical probability of submarine mass failure is quantifi ed from a sequence of dated mass-transport deposits. Several different techniques are described to estimate the parameters for a suite of candidate probability models. The techniques, previously developed for analyzing paleoseismic data, include maximum likelihood and Type II (Bayesian) maximum likelihood methods derived from renewal process theory and Monte Carlo methods. The estimated mean return time from these methods, unlike estimates from a simple arithmetic mean of the center age dates and standard likelihood methods, includes the effects of age-dating uncertainty and of open time intervals before the fi rst and after the last event. The likelihood techniques are evaluated using Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) and Akaike’s Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC) to select the optimal model. The techniques are applied to mass transport deposits recorded in two Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) drill sites located in the Ursa Basin, northern Gulf of Mexico. Dates of the deposits were constrained by regional bio- and magnetostratigraphy from a previous study. Results of the analysis indicate that submarine mass failures in this location occur primarily according to a Poisson process in which failures are independent and return times follow an exponential distribution. However, some of the model results suggest that submarine mass failures may occur quasi peri odically at one of the sites (U1324). The suite of techniques described in this study provides quantitative probability estimates of submarine mass failure occurrence, for any number of deposits and age uncertainty distributions.
Comparative study of bioavailabilities and pharmacokinetics of clindamycin in healthy volunteers and patients with AIDS.

The absolute oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of clindamycin administered to 16 healthy volunteers and 16 patients with AIDS were compared. Clindamycin was given intravenously (i.v.) (Cleocin phosphate) at a dose of 600 mg as a 25-min infusion and orally (Cleocin hydrochloride) by use of a crossover design in both study groups. Plasma samples were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Plasma drug clearance and volume of distribution at the steady state following the i.v. dose differed between study groups. The clearances were 0.27 +/- 0.06 liter/h/kg in healthy volunteers and 0.21 +/- 0.06 liter/h/kg in AIDS patients (P = 0.014; Mann-Whitney U test); the volumes of distribution at the steady state were 0.79 +/- 0.13 and 0.66 +/- 0.12 liter/kg in healthy volunteers and AIDS patients, respectively (P = 0.005). The elimination half-life did not differ between the two groups. The bioavailability of clindamycin capsules in AIDS patients was approximately 1.5 times that in healthy volunteers (0.53 +/- 0.14 versus 0.75 +/- 0.20; P = 0.002). Peak concentrations following the oral dose were higher in AIDS patients as well (7.7 +/- 2.5 versus 5.3 +/- 1.0 mg/liter; P = 0.0008). Three AIDS patients experienced severe diarrhea following the oral dose; four patients had mild diarrhea following the i.v. dose. No adverse effects were reported by the healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetic parameters observed in this study for AIDS patients may be useful for the consideration of clindamycin dosage regimens in patients treated for toxoplasmic encephalitis. These findings suggest that the effect of AIDS on drug disposition deserves further investigation, particularly for orally administered drugs.
Evaluating Five Factor Theory and social investment perspectives on personality trait development

Abstract In this paper, we evaluate the Five Factor Theory (FFT; McCrae & Costa, 1999 ) and Social Investment ( Helson et al., 2002 , Roberts and Wood, in press ) explanations of normative personality trait development in adulthood. FFT theory proposes that personality trait development is largely a genetic phenomenon, whereas the Social Investment theory proposes that it is largely the result of experiences in universal social roles in young adulthood. A review of cross-cultural, longitudinal, and behavior genetics studies reveals little support for the FFT position and provisional support for the Social Investment theory.
Murine Models of Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection and Atherosclerosis

Chlamydia pneumoniae have been demonstrated in atherosclerotic lesions but not in normal arteries. An animal model of both C. pneumoniae and atherosclerosis is needed to investigate the role of the organism in atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient transgenic mice, which spontaneously develop atherosclerosis, and C57BL/6J mice, which only develop atherosclerosis on an atherogenic diet, were evaluated. Following single and multiple intranasal inoculations of apoE-deficient transgenic mice, C. pneumoniae were detected in lung, aorta, and spleen for 20 weeks after inoculation in 25%-100% of mice. In the aorta, C. pneumoniae were detected within the atherosclerotic lesion. In C57BL/6J mice on a nonatherogenic diet, C. pneumoniae were detected in the aorta only 2 weeks after a single intranasal inoculation in 8% of mice. The persistence of C. pneumoniae in atheromas suggests a tropism of C. pneumoniae to the lesion. These mouse models should be useful for studying the pathogenic role of C. pneumoniae in atherosclerosis.
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Flow Boiling of R134a in Uniformly Heated Horizontal Circular Microtubes

An experimental study of two-phase heat transfer coefficients was carried out using R134a in uniformly heated horizontal circular microtubes with diameters of 0.50 mm and 1.60 mm. The effects of mass flux, heat flux, saturation pressure, and vapor quality on heat transfer coefficients were studied. The flow parameters investigated were as follows: exit pressures of 490, 670, 890, and 1160 kPa; mass fluxes of 300–1500 kg/m2 s; heat fluxes of 0–350 kW/m2 ; inlet subcooling of 5, 20, and 40 °C; and exit qualities of 0 to 1.0. The parametric trends presented in the study are consistent with published literature. Heat transfer coefficients increased with increasing heat flux and saturation pressure while they were independent of variations in mass flux. Vapor quality had a negligible influence on heat transfer coefficients. For the conditions studied, the trends indicated that the dominant heat transfer mechanism was nucleate boiling. The experimental data was compared to three microchannel correlations — the Lazarek-Black, the Kandlikar, and the Tran Correlations. None of the correlations predicted the experimental data very well, although they all predicted the correct trend within limits of experimental error.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Measured and Calculated Electronic Structure of Ni0.40Pd0.400P0.20 and Cu0.400Pd0.400P0.20

X-ray Photoemission spectra of Ni0.40Pd0.40P0.20 and Cu0.40Pd0.40P0.20 in the amorphous states are compared to each other and to first principles calculations of the electronic density of states. The electronic structure is calculated for a previously validated amorphous model of Ni0.40Pd0.40P0.20 and for the same amorphous structure but with Cu replacing Ni. The measured and calculated electronic structures of Ni0.40Pd0.40P0.20 agree and exhibit very little charge transfer to Pd. However, the measured and calculated electronic structures of Cu0.40Pd0.40P0.20 differ considerably. In Cu0.40Pd0.40P0.20 there is a large electron transfer to Pd. The local densities of states on Pd atoms in different CuPdP local environments that arise in the amorphous model shed light on this dramatic charge redistribution.
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method for the determination of cadmium in urine

Objective:To explore a simple,rapid and accurate method for determination of cadmium in urine.Methods: The samples were diluted by Triton X-100 with oxygen ashing first at 350℃,then at 450℃ and atomizing temperature of 1500℃,0.1% palladium nitrate+ 0.06% magnesium nitrate was taken as matrix modifier,and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used for determination.Results: Oxygen ashing can effectively eliminate the interference of carbon deposition,the linear range of the method was 0 μg/L~5 μg/L,the recoveries were 97.7%~104%,the detection limit was 0.24 μg/L,and the RSDs were 2.7%~5.9%.Conclusion: The method can meet the requirements of detection for a large quantity of urine samples due to the speed,sensitivity,accuracy and simple operation.
Allocation method of reactive power compensation in distribution networks considering distributed uncertainty generation

Power flow fluctuation can be caused by the application of generations with uncertain power output like DWG(distributed wind generation) and PV(photovoltaic).Some reactive compensation allocation can reduce the probability of static voltage violation and network loss,and increase system operation reliability.Regarding the integrated optimization of the compensation capacitors,system network loss,voltage quality and waste gas emission as objective function,this paper proposed a compensation capacitors optimal allocation model considering the uncertainty of DG and the upper limit of node voltage under constraints.And the genetic algorithm was used to the optimal solution.Simulation results showed that the optimal scheme can increase the expectation level of node voltage,reduce violation probability.The allocation method can achieve integrated optimization of economy,environment and voltage quality.The rationality and validity of the proposed model is thus proved.
Experimental Research of Live Working on ±500 kV Double Circuit DC Transmission Line on the Same Tower

In order to cooperate with the double circuit modification work of San-Hu ±500 kV DC transmission line,the live working test is studied.According to the characteristics of live working,the test is processed based on practical situation of tower model,transmission line layout,and the operating personnel's working position on tower.The minimal safety distance and minimal compounding gap of typical working condition in ±500 kV double circuit DC transmission line are put forward,which provides technique basis to the design of tower head's gap size and the practice of live working.
Virtual intubation training at a remote military site

To provide medical support to the far forward battlefield, training in advanced medical technologies is essential for military healthcare providers. To meet this challenge, the use of modern video communication technologies and novel medical devices can be implemented. This study demonstrates the combined use of modern video conferencing technology and video laryngoscopy equipment in the virtual laryngoscopy training of deployed military medical personnel.
An Unusual Complication from a Functioning Indwelling Urethral Catheter: Case Report of an Abdominal Mass

A heretofore unreported complication from an indwelling catheter is presented. A catheter bulb became incarcerated in a bladder diverticulum and was misdiagnosed subsequently as an incarcerated umbilical hernia. The probable pathophysiological mechanism by which this event occurred is discussed.
Acute Renal Failure in the Neonate

Acute renal failure is suspected in any infant who fails to void within 48 hours of birth. In the past decade, acute renal failure has been recognized with increased frequency in newborn infants, particularly in critically ill infants now being kept alive with intensive medical support. Discussed are the prerenal, intrinsic renal, and postrenal causes of failure, the differential diagnosis of these causes, and treatment of the disorder, emphasizing that the diagnostic evaluation and treatment are quite different for the three groups.
Projection of the Dynamics of Electron Transfer Reaction in Dual Space onto the One-Dimensional Slower Reaction Coordinate Axis.

We have derived here for the first time an exact dynamical equation within the domain of classical mechanics for the time dependent density distribution function of one-dimensional reaction coordinate (RC) in the condensed phase for electron transfer reaction by projecting the dynamics of slower modes in multidimensional Liouville space starting with a given set of coordinates of the faster modes. After the faster modes were ensemble averaged, the dynamics of the whole system solely depends on the slower RC. To simplify the complicated equation into a tractable form, benchmark approximations are employed to reduce the formally exact equation into an equation similar to the Smoluchowski equation with a delocalized sink term. As a test case, a Hamiltonian for the solute–solvent system modeled by quadratic functions for fast-relaxing vibrational and slow-relaxing polarization modes, respectively, has been considered. Interestingly, our simplified kinetic equation corresponding to this model Hamiltonian is tr...
Longitudinal Guided Super-Resolution Reconstruction of Neonatal Brain MR Images

Neonatal images have low spatial resolution and insufficient tissue contrast. Generally, interpolation methods are used to upsample neonatal images to a higher resolution for more effective image analysis. However, the resulting images are often blurry and are susceptible to partial volume effect. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that utilizes longitudinal prior information for effective super-resolution reconstruction of neonatal images. We use a non-local approach to learn the spatial relationships of brain structures in high-resolution longitudinal images and apply this information to the super-resolution reconstruction of the neonatal image. In other words, the recurring patterns throughout the longitudinal scans are leveraged for reconstructing the neonatal image with high resolution. To solve this otherwise ill-posed inverse problem, low-rank and total-variation regularizations are enforced. Experiments performed on both T1- and T2-weighted MR images of 28 neonates demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of recovering more structural details and outperforms methods such as nearest neighbor interpolation, spline-based interpolation, non-local means upsampling, and both low-rank and total variation based super-resolution.
Commentaries: Intuition and Evidence: A Reaction to Watson and Clark

(2000). Commentaries: Intuition and Evidence: A Reaction to Watson and Clark. Advances in Speech Language Pathology: Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 43-47.
The Influence of Snapchat on Interpersonal Relationship Development and Human Communication

This study focuses on Snapchat, a cellphone picture-sending app and its influences on interpersonal relational development and the current understanding of the communication process. Using qualitative interview technique, 75 people were interviewed. These interview responses led to the identification and discussion of seven themes in the realm of interpersonal relationship and human communication. These themes range from moving a relationship from the experimenting to intensifying stage, reinitiating family relationships, relationship maintenance, and avoiding partners. The findings of this study also highlight the significance of a non-response, the level of risk involved in Snapchat messaging, and methods of identity management via Snapchat. Finally, this is a unique study in its approach, which is an effort to look at virtual human communication trends that are contributing to the development and reshaping of interpersonal relationship development models. Also, this investigation provides a new lens of opportunity through which scholars can look at McLuhan’s long-debated claim that the medium is the message.
TCT-154 Multivessel Revascularization versus Culprit Vessel Only Revascularization in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and multivessel disease: An Updated Meta-analaysis.

Several observational studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have demonstrated conflicting results on the benefit of multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (MV-PCI) vs. culprit only vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (CV-PCI) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and
X Language Specification

Language X provides a formal and intuitive way to describe a series of interconnected processing fiblocks.fl Users of Language X may enter in a logical arrangement of blocks that describes the interconnection of their inputs and outputs. Language X also provides syntax for specifying implementation details for processing blocks and for targeting the entire architecture onto arbitrary sets of devices. Formally, Language X is a structure-only dataflow programming language (DFPL) that is heavily dependent on its library of functions.
A new multilevel converter with granular voltage steps and reduced number of switches

A modular multilevel converter (MMC), which provides output voltages with low harmonic contents, gives a simple structure without needing several isolated DC power supplies. However, an MMC suffers from sheer number of switches and associated electronic circuits because it requires the addition of two half-bridge submodules to one leg of the converter to add only one voltage level to the output voltage waveform. This paper proposes a granular multilevel converter (GMC) that provides required number of voltage levels with a reduced number of power switches and associated electronic circuits. In the proposed GMC, the addition of one submodule doubles the number of output voltage levels. For a specific number of submodules, the charge control algorithm of the capacitors and the switching table of the proposed converter are described. The proposed control algorithm ensures the voltage control of submodule capacitors using hysteresis controllers and the data from the transducers of the line current and capacitor voltages. The proposed converter structure, charge control algorithm, and switching table are validated by simulation case studies.
Women with Ovarian Cancer: Examining the Role of Social Support and Rumination in Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological Distress, and Psychological Well-being

The present study examined the role of social support and rumination (deliberate vs. intrusive) in posttraumatic growth (PTG), psychological distress (PD), and psychological well-being (PWB) among women with ovarian cancer. Sixty-seven women who had experienced ovarian cancer were recruited through social media and cancer-related websites, and completed an online survey. Contrary to hypotheses, results indicated that social support was not predictive of PTG, and the mediation of rumination was not significant in the regression of social support on PTG. Social support was, however, positively correlated with the Relating to Others domain of PTG. Deliberate rumination was positively predictive of PTG, and intrusive rumination was positively predictive of PD and negatively predictive of PWB. Social support was negatively predictive of PD, and positively predictive of PWB. Results are discussed with reference to clinical implications and future research needed in understanding the ovarian cancer experience.
Immune Responses Against Myelin Basic Protein and/or Galactocerebroside Cross-React with Viruses: Implications for Demyelinating Disease

It has long been speculated that viruses share cross-reacting determinants with their host self-components. Not until recently could this be directly demonstrated by using monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) and by making direct protein sequence comparisons. This concept of shared common determinants has been the basis for understanding the mechanisms of virus-induced autoimmunity.
Implementation to optimization: A tailored, data-driven approach to improve provider efficiency in using the electronic medical record.

123Background: The increasing use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) has been coupled with a growing focus on physician dissatisfaction. A recent study revealed physicians spend twice as much time working on the EMR and related tasks as they spend with patients. Physicians also spent time at night on EMR-related work. Nine months after the implementation of a new EMR at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, providers expressed frustration with the EMR burden. Following three group training sessions, providers requested individualized training. We sought to enhance efficiency in clinical review, documentation, placing orders and to reduce after hour use. Methods: Each provider was sent their EMR system usage by time of day and activity. Providers were also surveyed to elicit content for training and to gauge confidence. Prior to training, a trainer reviewed the survey results and system usage data. System usage data and a post training survey were utilized to quantify changes against baseline. Results: A total of...
Current Medical Treatment of Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is the most common adult malignant primary brain tumor. Despite the advances in therapeutic options, survival of patients with glioblastoma remains dismal at 15–18 months. Current standard of care for newly diagnosed glioblastoma is maximal possible safe resection consistent with the preservation of neurologic function followed by concurrent temozolomide with radiation and adjuvant. Treatment options at recurrence include surgical resection with or without the placement of carmustine wafers, re-irradiation and chemotherapeutics such as nitrosoureas (lomustine, carmustine) or bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
Two Simple Models for Observational Studies

Observational studies differ from experiments in that randomization is not used to assign treatments. How were treatments assigned? This chapter introduces two simple models for treatment assignment in observational studies. The first model is useful but naive: it says that people who look comparable are comparable. The second model speaks to a central concern in observational studies: people who look comparable in the observed data may not actually be comparable; they may differ in ways we did not observe.
Nonmarket Strategy in Venezuela

Once a resource-rich nation with a strong cultural identity, Venezuela seemed poised to compete with the world’s most prolific economic powers in the global economy. But the election of Hugo Chavez in 1998 initiated an erosion of the nation’s democratic institutions. Many of the nation’s industries have since been nationalized, and Venezuela is now mired in the worst economic contraction ever recorded. Official statistics suggest a 4.2% annual economic decline compounded over the last 5 years and inflation of at least 254%. Internal economic data is unreliable at best and fraudulent at worst; anecdotal evidence suggests that the situation is much worse, with documented severe shortages in the supply of food and other basic goods (Miller et al. 2018). Mid-2018 estimates suggested an annual inflation rate in excess of 10,000%.
Basilar membrane responses to clicks

Basilar membrane responses to clicks were studied in chinchilla cochleae using laser velocimetry. Responses of a basilar membrane site located 3.5 mm from the oval window [characteristic frequency (CF): 8–10 kHz] consisted of relatively undamped transient oscillations with periodicity close to 1/CF. Intense rarefaction clicks caused initial basilar membrane motion toward scala vestibuli after a latency of about 90 microseconds (measured from the onset of inward stapes displacement). The initial response oscillations grew linearly with stimulus intensity but later response cycles grew nonlinearly, at rates less than 1 dB/dB. Thus, with increases in stimulus level, the response envelopes became progressively more asymmetrical, with maxima shifting to earlier times. The magnitude and phase frequency spectra of click responses resembled the corresponding spectra for responses to tones. As click level increased, sharpness of tuning deteriorated and the maximal spectral response component shifted to lower frequencies. The phases of spectral components below characteristic frequency lagged responses evoked by less-intense clicks, while those immediately above characteristic frequency led lower-level responses.
Electronic health records systems and hospital clinical performance: a study of nationwide hospital data.

Objective Electronic health records (EHRs) were expected to yield numerous benefits. However, early studies found mixed evidence of this. We sought to determine whether widespread adoption of modern EHRs in the US has improved clinical care. Methods We studied hospitals reporting performance measures from 2008-2015 in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Hospital Compare database that also reported having an EHR in the American Hospital Association 2015 IT supplement. Using interrupted time-series analysis, we examined the association of EHR implementation, EHR vendor, and Meaningful Use status with 11 process measures and 30-day hospital readmission and mortality rates for heart failure, pneumonia, and acute myocardial infarction. Results A total of 1246 hospitals contributed 8222 hospital-years. Compared to hospitals without EHRs, hospitals with EHRs had significant improvements over time on 5 of 11 process measures. There were no substantial differences in readmission or mortality rates. Hospitals with CPSI EHR systems performed worse on several process and outcome measures. Otherwise, we found no substantial improvements in process measures or condition-specific outcomes by duration of EHR use, EHR vendor, or a hospital's Meaningful Use Stage 1 or Stage 2 status. Conclusion In this national study of hospitals with modern EHRs, EHR use was associated with better process of care measure performance but did not improve condition-specific readmission or mortality rates regardless of duration of EHR use, vendor choice, or Meaningful Use status. Further research is required to understand why EHRs have yet to improve standard outcome measures and how to better realize the potential benefits of EHR systems.
Phase I/II trial of bendamustine, ixazomib, and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

In this phase I/II trial, BID, bendamustine (70, 80, or 90 mg/m2), ixazomib (4 mg), and dexamethasone (40 mg), was administered to 28 patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) exposed to bortezomib and lenalidomide and refractory to at least one. A 3 + 3 dose escalation based on dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) was employed in phase I (total 15); 2/6 patients developed DLTs (neutropenia and thrombocytopenia) at dose level 3 establishing the recommended phase II dose as bendamustine 80 mg/m2, ixazomib 4 mg, and dexamethasone 40 mg. The median age was 67 years (range, 42–72), and 43% were females. Patients received a median of 4 (range, 4–9) prior lines of therapy, of which ~50% were double refractory. In phase II, total 19 patients were treated. With a median follow-up of 17 months, 11% achieved very good partial response, 50% achieved partial response, and 27% achieved stable disease. Median progression free (PFS) and overall (OS) survival were 5.2 months (95% CI, 1.96–8.3) and 23.2 months (95% CI 16.3–30.07). The most frequent adverse events were anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, nausea, diarrhea, and infections. Peripheral neuropathy was infrequent. BID is a well-tolerated and effective combination therapy for patients with RRMM.