cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Novel High Power Miniaturized Equivalent Antenna

To make us of the rutil-ceramic characteristic with the relatively dielectric constant e_r100 can be decreased effectively the size of equivalemt antenna. To apply SW-26 material of absorbable high power energy cause microwave power absorbed along transmission direction of equivalent antenna in the same length is equal.
B Cells and Regulatory B Cells in Cancer Escape

In order to evade antitumor effector immune cells and metastasize, cancer often employs a diverse group of immune cells with suppressive and immunomodulatory functions. In this process, the role of regulatory B cells (Bregs) remains poorly understood despite their ability to modulate immune responses. The search for Bregs is complicated by the complexity of cancer, lack of unique markers, and functional overlap with B cells expressing suppressive factors. To date, cancer is shown to generate at least two types of Bregs, including tumor-evoked (t)Bregs and granzyme (GrB) + Bregs, although it may also use other Bregs that protect from autoimmunity.
Prevention of Labral and Rotator Cuff Injuries in the Overhead Athlete

Overhead athletes place enormous demands on the shoulder and as a consequence are prone to injury. Labral tears and rotator cuff tears are potential problems seen with repetitive overhead activities. These injuries may be preventable if proper attention is given to early identification and treatment of abnormalities in the kinetic chain. To properly evaluate and treat these conditions, clinicians must understand the kinetic chain, the pathomechanics of labral and rotator cuff injury, and conditions that predispose the athlete to injury such as scapular dyskinesis and glenohumeral internal rotation deficit.
Pore Gradient Electrophoresis

Abstract Gel gradient electrophoresis has been proposed as a method for improving resolution and for measuring molecular size. Margolis and Slater have suggested that each macro-ion will reach a “pore limit” or “dead stop” and that the protein pattern would remain essentially stable thereafter. However, no quantitative treatment of the migration of charged macromolecules in a gel gradient has been reported to date. The present report provides an analysis of the behavior of macro-ions in both linear and nonlinear gel gradients. This is made possible by combining Ferguson's relationship for electrophoretic mobility versus gel concentration with the equation describing the gel gradient. Solution of these two equations yields the instantaneous velocity and position for each band as a function of time. This analysis provides insight into situations in which pore gradients may improve resolution and conditions for optimal resolution of multicomponent systems (macromolecular mapping). Position and instantaneous velocity of migration for any macromolecule on gel concentration (“pore”) gradient electrophoresis may be calculated for a linear gradient: χ= log e (ba 2 u o t + exp (bT o )) − bT o ba 2 (iva) ν= u o (ba 2 u o t + exp (bT o )) (va) This makes it possible to calibrate or standardize pore gradient electrophoresis. This analysis indicates that the proteins do not come to a “pore limit” or “dead stop.” Pore gradient electrophoresis is not indicated for analysis or separation of one, two, or three components, nor for charge fractionation. It is useful for simultaneous analysis of components of multicomponent mixtures (macromolecular mapping); and a “transverse” gradient presents a promising approach to obtaining Ferguson plots.
The relationship between mercury from dental amalgam and mental health.

The findings presented here suggest that mercury poisoning from dental amalgam may play a role in the etiology of mental illness. Comparisons between subjects with and without amalgam showed signif...
Justice and care: decision making by medical school student promotions committees

Context The function of medical school entities that determine student advancement or dismissal has gone largely unexplored. The decision making of ‘academic progress’ or student promotions committees is examined using a theoretical framework contrasting ethics of justice and care, with roots in the moral development work of theorists Kohlberg and Gilligan. Objectives To ascertain promotions committee members' conceptualisation of the role of their committee, ethical orientations used in member decision making, and student characteristics most influential in that decision making. Methods An electronic survey was distributed to voting members of promotions committees at 143 accredited allopathic medical schools in the USA. Descriptive statistics were calculated and data were analysed by gender, role, institution type and class size. Results Respondents included 241 voting members of promotions committees at 55 medical schools. Respondents endorsed various promotions committee roles, including acting in the best interest of learners' future patients and graduating highly qualified learners. Implementing policy was assigned lower importance. The overall pattern of responses did not indicate a predominant orientation toward an ethic of justice or care. Respondents indicated that committees have discretion to take individual student characteristics into consideration during deliberations, and that they do so in practice. Among the student characteristics with the greatest influence on decision making, professionalism and academic performance were paramount. Eighty-five per cent of participants indicated that they received no training. Conclusions Promotions committee members do not regard orientations of justice and care as being mutually exclusive and endorse an array of statements regarding the committee's purpose that may conflict with one another. The considerable variance in the influence of student characteristics and the general absence of committee member training indicate a need for clear delineation of the medical profession's priorities in terms of justice and care, and of the specific student characteristics that should factor into deliberations.
MYC activity mitigates response to rapamycin in prostate cancer through 4EBP1-mediated inhibition of autophagy

Cancer cells have evolved exquisitely to ignore both intrinsic and extrinsic cell death signals, and resistance to cell death is a critical challenge facing clinical oncology. Autophagy, the catabolic recycling process that involves the fusion of autophagosomes containing sequestered cargo with lysosomes, has an enigmatic role in tumorigenesis. In times of metabolic stress due to deprived nutrition or hypoxia, tumor cells use autophagy as a scavenging mechanism for maintenance of critical processes and survival. However, modulation of the extent of autophagy plays a critical role, as excessive autophagy can result in a non-apoptotic and non-necrotic cell death (sometimes referred to as Type II programmed cell death). It is likely that the genetic context of specific cancers will have an impact upon whether autophagy is primarily a mechanism for survival or cell death.
Predicting Harsh Parental Decisions: A Prospective Validation Study

The high prevalence and negative consequences of hash parenting among US parents is well documented. However, established predictors of harsh parenting tend to be mostly distal, often socio-demographic factors that predict modest variance in actual parenting behavior and which tend to be resistant to intervention. Moreover, due to the correlational nature of parenting research, the processes surrounding the onset of harsh parenting behavior are not well understood. This study aimed to both validate a newly-developed parental decision-making measure and test an experimental manipulation of a parental decision-making analog among non-parents. Although our prediction regarding high cognitive-emotional stress and harsh parenting strategies was not supported, we provide evidence for the internal consistency and prospective criterion validity of the parental decision-making vignettes.
Bayesian Calibration of Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) Abundance Indices Based on Probability Surveys

Abundance and standard error estimates in surveys of fishery resources typically employ classical design-based approaches, ignoring the influences of non-design factors such as varying catchability. We developed a Bayesian approach for estimating abundance and associated errors in a fishery survey by incorporating sampling and non-sampling variabilities. First, a zero-inflated spatial model was used to quantify variance components due to non-sampling factors; second, the model was used to calibrate the estimated abundance index and its variance using pseudo empirical likelihood. The approach was applied to a winter dredge survey conducted to estimate the abundance of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) in the Chesapeake Bay. We explored the properties of the calibration estimators through a limited simulation study. The variance estimator calibrated on posterior sample performed well, and the mean estimator had comparable performance to design-based approach with slightly higher bias and lower (about 15% reduction) mean squared error. The results suggest that application of this approach can improve estimation of abundance indices using data from design-based fishery surveys.
Evaluation of DNA Barcoding Methodologies for the Identification of Fish Species in Cooked Products

Abstract DNA barcoding is a powerful sequencing-based tool for the detection of fish species substitution. However, various cooking methods have the potential to reduce the quality and success of DNA sequencing. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of common cooking methods on DNA sequencing results with both full-length (655 bp) and mini-barcodes (208–226 bp), and to determine the optimal methodology to use for species identification of various fish products. Six types of fish (salmon, tuna, scad, pollock, swai and tilapia) were prepared in triplicate using the following methods: uncooked, baked, fried, broiled, acid-cooked, smoked and canned. DNA was extracted from each sample and tested using full and mini-barcoding of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The resulting sequences were compared based on quality parameters, success rates, and genetic identifications. SH-E mini-barcoding showed the highest overall success rates (92–94%), followed by full barcoding (90%), and SH-D mini-barcoding (67–90%). Across the individual cooking methods, SH-E mini-barcodes performed as well or better than full barcodes for most samples. The sequencing results were fairly consistent across cooking methods with the exception of canning, which showed marked decreases in sequencing success, quality, and length. Despite the reduced sequence length of mini-barcodes compared to full barcodes, identification of fish species was largely consistent across the methods. Overall, the results of this study show that DNA barcoding is a robust tool for fish species identification, and that mini-barcoding has high potential for use as a complement to full barcoding.
Abstract 597: Effect of Electronic Cigarettes on Cardiovascular Health

Electronic cigarettes (E-cig) are battery operated devices used for the delivery of aerosolized nicotine. Unlike conventional cigarettes, E-cig do not contain tar and several other chemicals abunda...
Probing the Conformation of an IgG1 Monoclonal Antibody in Lyophilized Solids Using Solid-State Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange with Mass Spectrometric Analysis (ssHDX-MS)

Therapeutic proteins are often formulated as lyophilized products to improve their stability and prolong shelf life. The stability of proteins in the solid-state has been correlated with preservation of native higher order structure and/or molecular mobility in the solid matrix, with varying success. In the studies reported here, we used solid-state hydrogen–deuterium exchange with mass spectrometric analysis (ssHDX-MS) to study the conformation of an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in lyophilized solids and related the extent of ssHDX to aggregation during storage in the solid phase. The results demonstrate that the extent of ssHDX correlated better with aggregation rate during storage than did solid-state Fourier-transform infrared (ssFTIR) spectroscopic measurements. Interestingly, adding histidine to sucrose at different formulation pH conditions decreased aggregation of the mAb, an effect that did not correlate with structural or conformational changes as measured by ssFTIR or ssHDX-MS. Moreover, pept...
A Life in Peacekeeping

This chapter, by Sierra Leonean scholar-diplomat James Jonah, provides a historical account of the origins and evolution of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping, and its emergence as a major feature of Africa’s peace and security landscape. The chapter—part-memoir, based on personal experience of many of the events it recounts—charts the development of UN peacekeeping in Africa, from deployments in Egypt and the Congo during the Cold War, through an interregnum, to the establishment of operations in Somalia, Liberia, Mozambique, and Rwanda in the early 1990s. It also reflects on the politics of, and changes in, the management of UN peacekeeping on the continent, while calling for questions to be asked about new developments, such as efforts to link peacekeeping with preventive enforcement, and about the Security Council’s hesitation to provide appropriate financial and logistics support for peacekeeping by Africa’s regional organisations.
Clubs and Allied Activities

(1943). Clubs and Allied Activities. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 622-626.
Interprofessional Healthcare Teams in the Military: A Scoping Literature Review

Introduction Research into healthcare delivered via interprofessional healthcare teams (IHTs) has uncovered that IHTs can improve patient satisfaction, enhance collaborative behaviors, reduce clinical error rates, and streamline management of care delivery. Importantly, these achievements are attained by IHTs that have been trained via interprofessional education (IPE). Research indicates that IHT training must be contextualized to suit the demands of each care context. However, research into the unique demands required of military IHTs has yet to be explored. For any form of IPE to be successfully implemented in the military, we need a clear understanding of how IHT competencies must be tailored to suit military care contexts. Specifically, we must know: (1) What evidence is currently available regarding IHTs in the military?; and (2) What gaps in the evidence need to be addressed for IPE to be customized to meet the needs of military healthcare delivery? Method A scoping review of the literature was conducted to identify the breadth of knowledge currently available regarding military interprofessional healthcare teams (MIHTs). A search of PubMed, EMBASE, PsycInfo, ERIC, DTIC.mil, and NYAM Gray Literature databases was conducted without date restrictions. The search terms were: (interprofessional* OR inter-professional*) AND (military OR Army OR Navy OR Naval OR Marines OR “Air Force” OR “Public Health Service”) AND (health OR medicine). Of the 675 articles identified via the initial search, only 21 articles met inclusion criteria (i.e., involved military personnel, included teams that were medically focused, comprised at least two professional disciplines, and had at least two people). Results The manuscripts included: seven original research studies, six commentaries, five reviews, one letter, one annual report, and one innovation report. Analyses identified three themes (i.e., effective communication, supportive team environments, shared role understanding, and equity among team members) related to successful MIHT collaborations and five related to unsuccessful MIHT collaborations (i.e., inability to develop team cohesion, lack of trust, ineffective communication and communication breakdowns, unaddressed or unresolved conflicts, and rank conflicts). These manuscripts highlighted contextual factors that shape MIHTs. For example, MIHTs often work and live together for extended periods of time when deployed. Also, military rank can facilitate collaboration by establishing clear lines of reporting but can problematize collaboration when inexperienced care providers (e.g., early career physicians) outrank other team members (e.g., medics) who have more experience providing care in deployment contexts. Discussion Given that the experiences of military personnel can be perilous and unpredictable, the military has an obligation to study the unique contexts of care where MIHTs are employed. In doing so, educational interventions can be tailored to better aid our service men and women, as well as their families.
Iatrogenic and Infectious Complications

Endoscopy management for hydrocphalus has made significant advances since the advent of this technology. There have been refinements in the size of the endoscope, the optics and magnification. Although the endoscope is a safe instrument there are some associated complications which are not seen in traditional shunt systems. This chapter will describe the potential complications in the endoscopic treatment of hydrocepahlus.
Exploration of the ASCO and ESMO value frameworks for cancer drugs.

6512Background: In 2015 both ASCO and ESMO proposed frameworks to quantify the value of cancer drugs. We sought to examine these frameworks for drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administrati...
Utility of Diffusion Weighted Imaging to Decrease Unnecessary Biopsies Prompted by Breast MRI: A Trial of the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (A6702)

Purpose: Conventional breast MRI is highly sensitive for cancer detection but prompts some false positives. We performed a prospective, multicenter study to determine whether apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can decrease MRI false positives. Experimental Design: A total of 107 women with MRI-detected BI-RADS 3, 4, or 5 lesions were enrolled from March 2014 to April 2015. ADCs were measured both centrally and at participating sites. ROC analysis was employed to assess diagnostic performance of centrally measured ADCs and identify optimal ADC thresholds to reduce unnecessary biopsies. Lesion reference standard was based on either definitive biopsy result or at least 337 days of follow-up after the initial MRI procedure. Results: Of 107 women enrolled, 67 patients (median age 49, range 24–75 years) with 81 lesions with confirmed reference standard (28 malignant, 53 benign) and evaluable DWI were analyzed. Sixty-seven of 81 lesions were BI-RADS 4 (n = 63) or 5 (n = 4) and recommended for biopsy. Malignancies exhibited lower mean in centrally measured ADCs (mm2/s) than benign lesions [1.21 × 10−3 vs.1.47 × 10−3; P Conclusions: DWI can reclassify a substantial fraction of suspicious breast MRI findings as benign and thereby decrease unnecessary biopsies. ADC thresholds identified in this trial should be validated in future phase III studies.
DIAGNOSING LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN A LARGE, DIVERSE PATIENT POPULATION: ECG VERSUS ECHO

According to the literature, electrocardiography (ECG) is poorly sensitive, but highly specific for the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). However, these findings have yet to be confirmed in larger, diverse cohorts. We performed a retrospective cohort study using ECG and
Water and Wastewater Building CPS: Creation of Cyber-Physical Wastewater Collection System Centered on Urine Diversion

Decentralized treatment of wastewater has been identified as an area of growth for cyber-enabled sensing and control. One such system that would benefit from embedded cyber components is urine diversion. This research sought to create a cyber-physical system for wastewater collection and treatment. Two subsystems were integrated into the CPS: sensing and actuation. Real-time sensing using low-cost pH and conductivity sensors was used to monitor urine chemistry. Actuation was used to deliver urine to the system and to control urine chemistry. Once integrated, the system used the sensing data to determine when to actuate urine chemistry control pumps. By using urine diversion as a test case, two demonstrations were able to show the applicability of the system created. The first demonstration was able to characterize the flow characteristics of the physical system. The second demonstration was able to mimic and inhibit urea hydrolysis under realistic conditions. Ultimately, the use of this novel CPS approach was able to confirm the benefits of sensing and actuation in wastewater collection and treatment within buildings.
Prospective Identification of Unrelated Donors with Low Inhibitory Donor KIR3DL1 – Recipient HLA-B Interaction Decreases Relapse and Improves Survival after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Myeloid Neoplasia

Retrospective studies indicate that the use of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors with Killer Ig-like Receptor (KIR) genotypes resulting in low inhibitory interactions with recipient HLA are associated with lower relapse and higher survival in patients with myeloid neoplasia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo HCT). To validate these findings in a prospective fashion and to determine if advantageous KIR donors can readily be identified for patients with myeloid neoplasia, we prospectively KIR genotyped and provided KIR/HLA-based ranking for unrelated donors (URD) evaluated for patients with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing workup at our center for allo HCT. Donors were prioritized first to minimize inhibitory KIR3DL1 - HLA-Bw4 interactions, followed by prioritization of donors with non-tolerized activating KIR2DS1, and finally prioritizing donors homozygous for the centromeric B haplotype. We evaluated 2,079 donors for 527 patients (median 4 donors per patient), among whom 263 ultimately underwent allo HCT. In a multivariate analysis adjusting for age, HCT-CI, and conditioning intensity, we found that the use of a KIR3DL1-low-inhibition donor was associated with an improved hazard for survival (HR = 0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35 – 0.96), P = 0.035) and event-free survival (HR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.39 – 0.93), P = 0.023) due to a decreased hazard for relapse (HR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30 – 0.90, P = 0.021) without increased non-relapse mortality when compared to KIR3DL1-non-interacting or -high-inhibition donors. Donor KIR2DS1/HLA-C1 status and centromeric haplotype B content were not predictive of relapse or survival in this cohort. Among 339 HLA-Bw4+ patients evaluated for transplant, 242 (71.4%) had an available KIR3DL1-low-inhibition donor and 205 (60.5%) had a mixture of KIR3DL1-low-inhibition with either -high-inhibition or -non-interacting donors facilitating a choice using donor KIR3DL1 genotyping. Evaluating greater numbers of donors associated with an increased probability of identifying an advantageous donor based on inhibitory KIR3DL1 interactions (P
Procurement with Cost and Non-Cost Attributes: Cost-Sharing Mechanisms

A buyer faces a two-dimensional mechanism design problem for awarding a project to one among a set of contractors, each of whom is privately informed about his cost and his estimate of an a priori random non-cost attribute. The winning contractor realizes his non-cost attribute upon the project’s completion and may “manipulate” it in a costless manner (if such a manipulation is beneficial to him). The non-cost attribute inflicts a disutility cost on the buyer. This procurement problem arises in situations such as highway construction projects, where completion times are a major concern. We establish the significance of incorporating the possibility of manipulation in two ways: (1) Using an optimal mechanism obtained by ignoring the possibility of manipulation can generate perverse incentives for the winning contractor to engage in manipulation. (2) The privacy of the non-cost estimates can generate information rent only due to the possibility of contractors’ manipulation. We further study the family of cost-sharing mechanisms as a nonmanipulable, easy-to-implement and near-optimal solution to the buyer’s procurement problem. In a cost-sharing mechanism, the winning contractor is selected via a second-price auction and needs to reimburse a pre-specified fraction – referred to as the cost-sharing fraction – of the buyer’s disutility cost upon completion of the project. We show that the cost-sharing fraction plays an unequivocal role in capturing the essential tradeoff between allocative inefficiency and information rent. We also characterize the optimal cost-sharing fraction and offer prescriptive guidelines on the choice of this fraction based on the second-moment information of the buyer’s belief distribution. Finally, we establish the theoretical performance guarantees for the optimal cost-sharing mechanism.
Intracranial Myxoid Mesenchymal Tumor/Myxoid Subtype Angiomatous Fibrous Histiocytoma: Diagnostic and Prognostic Challenges

Background and importance In the setting of intracranial neoplasms, EWSR1-cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein (CREB) transcription factor family fusions have been described in myxoid mesenchymal tumors, extremely rare entities with a close histopathologic and immunologic resemblance to myxoid subtype angiomatoid fibrous histiocytomas (AFH). Controversy exists on whether these central nervous system lesions are a subtype of myxoid AFH or a completely separate entity, which entitles a distinct clinical behavior and, consequently, a different approach to management. Upon review of the literature, only 14 cases of intracranial tumors harboring an EWSR1-CREB family fusion were identified, with only 3 cases presenting in middle-aged adults, none of which reported an EWSR1-CREM fusion mutation. Significant variability in reported radiographic and histopathological characteristics, as well as in clinical outcomes, was noted. Their similarity with other soft tissue tumors, added to the scarce information on its clinical behavior, represents a great diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the treating physician. Clinical presentation We present a rare case of EWSR1-CREM mutated intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor/myxoid subtype AFH presenting as persistent headaches in a 36-yr-old woman with radiographic evidence of rapid growth and extensive vasogenic edema, for which she underwent surgical resection. Conclusion This represents a unique case of EWSR1-CREM mutated intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor presenting in adulthood, with evidence of aggressive behavior.
The perceptual filtering of predictable coarticulation in exemplar memory

Exemplar models of word representations have remained ambivalent or impressionistic as to precisely what veridical auditory information is stored in individual word exemplars. Earlier models (Johnson, 1997b) suggest all perceived information was stored in memory, whereas more recent proposals (Pierrehumbert, 2002; Goldinger, 2007) suggest some degree of abstraction occurs in storing particular exemplars. Findings from the phonetic accommodation paradigm (Goldinger, 1998; Nielsen, 2011, etc.) suggest that the accumulation of new exemplars may drive the spread of sound change. At the same time, some theories of sound change suggest that perceptual biases serve as a starting point for change (Ohala, 1981, 1983). The current study investigates how perceptual biases, such as the predictability of coarticulation, can shape the contents of exemplars. The experimental results suggest that an expected phonetic alteration, such as f0 raising on vowels following voiceless consonants—a predictable coarticulatory effect—is more likely to undergo some degree of abstraction when stored in exemplar memory, whereas unexpected phonetic detail (e.g., f0 raising following voiced consonants) is more faithfully stored or maintained for longer in memory. These findings suggest perceptual biases that could shape pools of exemplars, leading to different expectations for conditioned versus unconditioned sound changes.
Living Donor Nephrectomy Using a Right Malrotated Kidney: A Case Report.

Abstract A 46-year-old woman was approved as a living kidney donor in our center for paired donation working with the National Kidney Registry. The imaging revealed a malrotated right kidney with the hilum oriented cephalad. We selected that kidney for donation, and an uneventful laparoscopic donor nephrectomy was performed. To our knowledge, this is the first case of laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy using a sagittally malrotated kidney.
Abstract MP05: Night-to-night Variability In Sleep Duration Is Associated With Higher Energy Intake And Poorer Diet Quality In The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis

Introduction: Variability in sleep patterns is an emerging risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Poor diet likely contributes to these relations, given the intricate link bet...
Ground-Truth Free Multi-Mask Self-Supervised Physics-Guided Deep Learning in Highly Accelerated MRI

Deep learning based MRI reconstruction methods typically require databases of fully-sampled data as reference for training. However, fully-sampled acquisitions may be either challenging or impossible in numerous scenarios. Self-supervised learning enables training neural networks for MRI reconstruction without fully-sampled data by splitting available measurements into two disjoint sets. One of them is used in data consistency units in the network, and the other is used to define the loss. However, the performance of self-supervised learning degrades at high acceleration rates due to scarcity of acquired data. We propose a multi-mask self-supervised learning approach, which retrospectively splits available measurements into multiple 2-tuples of disjoint sets. Results on 3D knee and brain MRI shows that the proposed multi-mask self-supervised learning approach significantly improves upon single mask self-supervised learning at high acceleration rates.
The Influence of Representational Gaps on Team Processes and Performance

The authors examine the effects of having representational gaps—fundamental incompatibilities in the way that team members conceptualize the problem and solution space—on team processes, performance, and affective reactions. In a laboratory study, the authors find that representational gaps hurt performance by decreasing information elaboration and increasing relationship conflict. Representational gaps also hurt team members' satisfaction and intent to remain. The results of this study suggest that representational gaps are an additional dimension to consider in the team cognition literature as their presence significantly impacts team effectiveness. We discuss the implications of this work in the context of designing multi-disciplinary teams.
An Airfoil Fitted With a Slotted Flap

THE use of the slotted flap on an airfoil has been found to be very advantageous in recent tests conducted in the seven by ten foot wind tunnel of the University of Detroit. A slotted flap of 30% chord fitted on a Gottingen 398 (modified) airfoil shows a large increase in lift with a very small added drag for small flap deflections. A large reduction in take off speed with good rates of climb were found obtainable at speeds below the minimum speed for the normal airfoil. Satisfactory air braking is available at high flap deflections. Low relative drag was obtained at zero flap angle by closing the slot entirely in this condition.
Richard Wagner: Self-Promotion and the Making of a Brand

Acknowledgments A note on translation and style Abbreviations Introduction 1. Image 2. Publicity 3. Niche and branding 4. Consumers and consumption 5. Hub Epilogue: the Wagner industry Bibliography Index.
Mucocele of the appendix caused by endometriosis.

Abstract A symptomless case of endometriosis of the appendix producing a mucocele is described. Only 3 other cases were found in the literature.
Female Genital Tract

The vulva is prone to infection because of warm, damp environment and effects of estrogen. Relative hypoestrinism in prepubertal and post menopausal women tends to decrease vulvar blood supply resulting in epithelial atrophy with decreased cornification. This makes vulva more prone to trauma and infection.
Soft X-ray Lasers Via Electron-Collisional Pumping

One possible technique for obtaining gain in the soft x-ray region of the spectrum is to use electron-collisional pumping of an appropriate ion species. This can be done in a manner analogous to known ion lasers which operate in the visible portion of the spectrum. The differences being: 1) more highly ionized ions are used to obtain shorter wavelength transitions, 2) the pumping electrons are at a higher temperature to populate the more energetic transitions, and 3) the lifetimes are shorter which implies higher pump intensity per unit area (P/a ∝ ν4). In the case of shorter wavelength transitions one can project known laser transitions isoelectronically to higher Z ions and hence shorter wavelengths or investigate unique ionic electron configurations that are not observed in neutral or weakly ionized species. This technique works well for electronic configurations with relatively few electrons. With many-electron systems, level crossings and other anomalous effects with increasing Z limit the range over which a group of levels which are a viable laser scheme can be isoelectronically projected to higher Z.
Bipolar radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors: technical experience and interval follow-up in 22 patients with 33 ablations.

Introduction Bipolar radiofrequency ablation (BRFA) of hepatic tumors has short ablation times and may avoid convective heat loss from high-flow vessels. We evaluated the technical feasibility of and local recurrence following BRFA. Methods Twenty-two patients undergoing 33 laparoscopic BRFA were identified from September 2007 to April 2009. Lesion size, ablation times, morbidity, and pathologic presence of tumor after resection were evaluated. The ablation site recurrence rate is reported with median follow-up time of 24 months (range, 7–42). Results Ablation was performed for colorectal cancer hepatic metastases (CRCHM, n = 17), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 2), gallbladder carcinoma (n = 2), or hepatic adenoma (n = 1). Mean lesion size was 3.6 ± 1.3 cm. Mean ablation time was 6.6 min, ±2 min, and there was no significant difference in ablation time for lesions 3 cm (7 ± 2.9 min), P = 0.13. In each of five CRCHM patients who underwent staged hepatic resection, there was no histologic evidence of tumor in ablated areas. One ablation site recurrence occurred in the CRCHM group. Conclusion BRFA achieves efficient ablation times using line of sight energy delivery. The short ablation times and the pathologic absence of viable tumor in post-BRFA resected specimens support further study of BRFA as a hepatic ablation method. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:905–910. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On Berry-Esseen bounds of summability transforms

Let Y n,k , k = 0, 1, 2, ..., n ≥ 1, be a collection of random variables, where for each n, Y n,k , k = 0, 1, 2 ..., are independent. Let A = [p n,k ] be a regular summability method. We provide some rates of convergence (Berry-Esseen type bounds) for the weak convergence of summability transform (AY). We show that when A = [p n,k ] is the classical Cesaro summability method, the rate of convergence of the resulting central limit theorem is best possible among all regular triangular summability methods with rows adding up to one. We further provide some summability results concerning l 2 -negligibility. An application of these results characterizes the rate of convergence of Schnabl operators while approximating Lipschitz continuous functions.
Using the objectives development process of an environmental management system as an opportunity to achieve design for the environment

This paper describes the means of achieving the integration of design-for-the-environment practices into an environmental management system (EMS) through the objectives-setting process of the EMS. Many progressive large firms, and even some smaller firms, have implemented EMSs to various degrees of formality within recent years. EMSs enable organizations to give increased focus, momentum and sustainability to their efforts to improve their environmental performance. Design for the Environment (DFE) has not yet significantly affected the products and processes at most firms. The authors propose that EMSs may provide the vehicle for firms to seriously examine the potential for DFE, and the structure to make it happen. The objectives-setting step within EMS deployment is specifically proposed as the process within which appropriate DFE practices can be identified and targeted for implementation.
The Potential of Hybrid Varieties in Self-Pollinating Vegetables

The next generation of successful cultivars in many self-pollinated crops will be F1 hybrids developed through a more systematic exploitation of the phenomenon of heterosis. Longer term, marketing and varietal protection issues aside, the most successful cultivars in terms of superior genotypes in self-pollinated crops may be inbred lines. Presently, commercial exploitation of hybrid vigor is limited to a relatively small number of vegetables despite evidence that heterosis above high-parent exists within many species (Table 1). Commercial development is limited to those crops in which the added value of heterosis is sufficient to justify the cost of hybrid seed production and development. The formula for successful application of heterosis is: added value > added cost of seed production. Much research has focused on the second half of the equation, i.e. the development of efficient pollination mechanisms for hybrid seed production (George, 1985). The objective of this paper is to focus an examination of the first half of the equation, i.e. maximizing the value added, by examining the genetic information relevant in the development of F1 hybrid cultivars in self-pollinated species.
Patterns of asbestosis in New Jersey.

Hospital discharge data from New Jersey were used to identify cases of asbestosis for the 8 years 1979–1986. Multiple admissions were deleted so that each individual was counted once at the time of his/her first hospitalization with an asbestosis diagnosis. White males had the highest age-adjusted average annual discharge rate of 19.3 cases/100,000 population, followed by black males (12.3 cases/100,000) and white females (1.2 cases/100,000). The discharge rate was positively associated with age in each race/sex category. The relationship between rates for black males and white males depended on age: under 65 years, the rates were almost equal, and at 65 years and older, the white rates were nearly twice the black rates. There were two areas of the state where the rates were highest: the north-central and southwest regions. These two areas represent manufacturing and shipbuilding applications of asbestos, respectively. During the years 1979–1986, the annual percentage increase in asbestosis rates was 20% for white males, 17% for black males, and 8% for white females. Continued surveillance will reveal when the rates for asbestosis stop increasing. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Ultra-fast photoacoustic flow cytometry with a 0.5 MHz pulse repetition rate nanosecond laser

In vivo photoacoustic (PA) flow cytometry (PAFC) has great potential for detecting disease-associated biomarkers in blood and lymph flow, as well as real-time control of the efficacy of photothermal (PT) and other therapies through the counting of circulating abnormal objects. We report on a high speed PAFC with a Yb-doped fiber laser having a 0.5-MHz pulse repetition rate at a wavelength of 1064 nm, pulse width of 10 ns, and energy up to 100 µJ. This is the first biomedical application of PA and PT techniques operating at the highest pulse repetition rate of nanosecond lasers that provide 100-fold enhancement in detection speed of carbon nanotube clusters, as well as real-time monitoring of the flow velocity of individual targets through the width of PA signals. The laser pulse rate limits for PT and PA techniques depending on the sizes of laser beam and targets and flow velocity are discussed. We propose time-overlapping mode and generation of periodic nano- and microbubbles as PA-signal and PT-therapy amplifiers, including discrimination of small absorbing targets among large ones. Taking into account the relatively low level of background signals from most biotissues at 1064 nm, our data suggest that a nanosecond Yb-doped fiber laser operating at high pulse repetition rate could be a promising optical source for time-resolved PA and PT cytometry, imaging, microscopy, and therapy, including detection of nanoparticles and cells flowing at velocities up to 2.5 m/s.
Critical flicker frequency as a function of viewing distance, stimulus size and luminance.

Abstract CFF was measured for viewing distances ranging from 8.6 cm to 582 cm. with test stimuli ranging from 53″ to 16 visual angle for 26.9 mL. 2.69 mL and 0.269 mL luminances. The main finding of this study is that for stimuli of constant visual angle and luminance. CFF increases with viewing distance up to one meter. CFF also increases with luminance and angular size. It is suggested from the present data and from the literature, that receptive fields become smaller with increased luminance and grow larger with increased accommodation and convergence.
The effects of repeated occlusion measurement on blood pressure and pulse rate

We examined the effects of repeated occlusion measurement on blood pressure and pulse rate during rest and during mental arithmetic stress. Participants performed two rest-and-task sequences. We took automated blood pressure readings during each minute of one rest-and-task sequence (i.e. all-minutes measurement strategy), and during every other minute for the other sequence (i.e. odd-minutes measurement strategy). Each rest-and-task period was 5 min long and we counterbalanced the two rest-and-task sequences for order. Overall, baselines, task levels and reactivity scores were highly similar across the two measurement strategies. We did, however, find small but reliable measurement strategy effects that interacted with task novelty, particularly for DBP. Specifically, DBP levels and reactivity were lower during the all-minutes measurement strategy compared to the odd-minutes strategy, particularly during the second of two repeated tasks. We observed a similar trend for systolic blood pressure, but did not for mean arterial pressure or pulse rate. Our significant effects were small, however, and they should not overshadow the high degree of similarity of results produced by the two measurement strategies.
Very stable electron field emission from strontium titanate coated carbon nanotube matrices with low emission thresholds.

Novel PMMA–STO–CNT matrices were created by opened-tip vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (VA-MWCNTs) with conformal coatings of strontium titanate (STO) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Emission threshold of 0.8 V/μm was demonstrated, about 5-fold lower than that of the as-grown VA-MWCNTs. This was obtained after considering the related band structures under the perspective of work functions and tunneling width as a function of the STO thickness. We showed that there is an optimum thickness of STO coatings to effectively reduce the work function of CNTs and yet minimize the tunneling width for electron emissions. Furthermore, simulation and modeling suggest that PMMA–STO–CNT matrices have suppressed screening effects and Coulombs’ repulsion forces between electrons in adjacent CNTs, leading to low emission threshold, high emission density, and prolonged emission stability. These findings are important for practical application of VA-MWCNTs in field emission devices, X-ray generation, an...
Exponential complexity of the quantum adiabatic algorithm for certain satisfiability problems

We determine the complexity of several constraint satisfaction problems using the quantum adiabatic algorithm in its simplest implementation. We do so by studying the size dependence of the gap to the first excited state of ``typical'' instances. We find that, at large sizes $N$, the complexity increases exponentially for all models that we study. We also compare our results against the complexity of the analogous classical algorithm WalkSAT and show that the harder the problem is for the classical algorithm, the harder it is also for the quantum adiabatic algorithm.
Predicting good, bad and ugly match Pairs

Several sources of variation in facial appearance that affect face matching performance have long been investigated. The recently introduced GBU challenge problem [1] indicates that there can be significant variation in performance across different partitions of the data, even when the impact of most known factors is eliminated or significantly reduced by the data collection and experimentation protocol. The GBU challenge problem consists of three partitions which are called the Good (easy to match), the Bad (average matching difficulty) and the Ugly (difficult to match). In this paper, we investigate various image and facial characteristics that can account for the observed significant difference in performance across these partitions. Given a match pair, we aim to predict the partition it belongs to. Partial Least Squares (PLS)-based regression is used to perform the prediction task. Our analysis indicates that the match pairs from the three partitions differ from each other in terms of simple but often ignored factors like image sharpness, hue, saturation and extent of facial expressions.
Discrete-time host–parasitoid models with Allee effects: Density dependence versus parasitism

We present two general discrete-time host–parasitoid models with Allee effects on the host. In the first model, it is assumed that parasitism occurs prior to density dependence, while in the second model we assume that density dependence operates first followed by parasitism. It is shown that both models have similar asymptotic behaviour. The parasitoid population will definitely go extinct if the maximal growth rate of the host population is less than or equal to one, independent of whether density dependence or parasitism occurs first. The fate of the population is initial condition dependent if this maximal growth rate exceeds one. In particular, there exists a host population threshold, the Allee threshold, below which the host population goes extinct and so does the parasitoid. This threshold is the same for both models. Numerical examples with different functions are simulated to illustrate our analytical results.
Leadership stories: what novices learn by crafting the stories of experienced school administrators

Describes research undertaken to study the kinds of understandings and reflections in which administrators‐in‐training engage by writing the story of an experienced administrator. Explains how 17 graduate students in educational administration carried out multiple interviews with practising school administrators concerning their personal biography, professional biography and a discrete incident of professional practice. Reports the findings that novices did get to hear about some of the grey areas in which educational administrators typically operate. The stories provided basic assumptions and details about how experienced administrators performed in specific situations and circumstances and illustrated some of the explicit rules used by administrators to manage problems as well as the more tacit knowledge and assumptions embedded in practice. States that this led students to reflect on their own approaches to practice.