cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Prediction of post-surgical adverse outcomes using procedural data

Modern surgical procedures have saved lives; however, the occurrence of post-surgical complications is still a concern. This study investigates the relationships between patients’ surgical data and the post-surgical adverse outcomes of death, cardiac injury, renal injury, and respiratory failure. We analyze these relationships through the statistical modelling of predictor variables from patients’ preoperative data and intraoperative physiological time series data, as well as the intraoperative time series of procedures performed by anesthesiologists and surgeons. In order to include this procedural data we create novel predictors to represent each patient’s time series in models. Three different statistical models are described: Random Forest (RF), Generalized Linear Models (GLM), and L1 Regularized Logistic Regression (L1). We evaluate the model results using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and their corresponding area under the curve (AUC) values. The GLM model performs the best for death with an AUC value of .887, and the RF model performs best for cardiac injury, renal injury and respiratory failure, with AUC values of .857, .873 and .831, respectively. For all adverse outcomes, the L1 models minimized false negatives at a threshold of .01. This paper describes the results of these models and identifies the strongest predictors of each post-surgical adverse outcome. Additionally, we create a Mixed Effects (ME) model to isolate interactions between patient types and other significant predictors. This model suggests significant interaction effects between the placement of an arterial line and patient types when predicting renal injury and respiratory failure.
Integrated mixed networks security monitoring: a proposed framework

Our primary concept is to develop a systemic security view of integrated, independent systems. We present a design for the monitoring of the security of an integrated public safety "mixed" network. The Capital Wireless Integrated Network (CapWIN) is such a system, consisting of a diverse and disparate mixture of public and private networks that share information in order to provide public safety services for metropolitan Washington, DC [1]. It is imperative that the members of CapWIN be aware of the status of the other participants in order to anticipate security events. As of now, there are few means for which the members can obtain real-time information pertaining to the security status of all other parties. Our system is designed to use data fusion to provide system monitoring and feedback to all members. The system is state-based and is designed to be 1) easy to implement, 2) require minimal bandwidth, and 3) be customizable according to the preferences of each member of the network. We present an overview of the system, an analytical model for a state-based description, and system mock-ups.
Perturbative QCD: An Overview

Recent progress in the utilization of perturbative quantum chromodynamics to study lepton-hadron and hadron-hadron reactions is reviewed. Interest is focused on the connections between the various results and the implications for the parton model as a phenomeno- logical tool and as a vehicle to test quantum chromodynamics.
Effect of an 18‐month physical activity and weight loss intervention on body composition in overweight and obese older adults

Objective Our primary objective was to determine the long-term effects of physical activity (PA) and weight loss (WL) on body composition in overweight/obese older adults. Secondarily, the association between change in body mass and composition on change in several cardiometabolic risk factors and mobility was evaluated. Design and Methods 288 older (X ± SD: 67.0 ± 4.8 years), overweight/obese (BMI 32.8 ± 3.8 kg/m2) men and women participated in this 18-month randomized, controlled trial. Treatment groups included PA + WL (n = 98), PA-only (n = 97), and a successful aging (SA) health education control (n = 93). DXA-acquired body composition measures (total body fat and lean mass), conventional biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk, and 400-m walk time were obtained at baseline and 18 months. Results Fat mass was significantly reduced from (X ± SE) 36.5 ± 8.9 kg to 31.7 ± 9.0 kg in the PA + WL group (p < 0.01), but remained unchanged from baseline in the PA-only (−0.8 ± 3.8 kg) and SA (−0.0 ± 3.9 kg) group. Lean mass losses were three times greater in the PA + WL groups compared to PA-only or SA groups (−2.5 ± 2.8 kg vs. −0.7 ± 2.2 kg or −0.8 ± 2.4 kg, respectively; p < 0.01); yet due to a larger decrease in fat mass, percent lean mass was significantly increased over baseline in the PA + WL groups (2.1% ± 2.6%; p < 0.01). Fat mass loss was primarily responsible for WL-associated improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, while reduction in body weight, regardless of compartment, was significantly associated with improved mobility. Conclusion This 18-month PA + WL program resulted in a significant reduction in percent body fat with a concomitant increase in percent body lean mass. Shifts in body weight and composition were associated with favorable changes in clinical parameters of cardiometabolic risk and mobility. Moderate PA without WL had no effect on body composition.
Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Human Kidney

Cytosol binding of [3H]aldosterone was measured after incubation of the hormone at 37 C with slices of human kidney obtained after surgical removal. High affinity [3H]aldosterone binding with an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of approximately 0.5 nM was observed to probably "mineralo-corticoid receptors." [3H]aldosterone binding of lower affinity and higher capacity (probably to "glucocorticoid receptors") was also observed. Binding of other steroids by the mineralocorticoid receptors was determined by competitive analysis using a low concentration of [3H]aldosterone (so that [3H] binding is predominantly by the mineralocorticoid receptors). The binding activities relative to aldosterone (100%) were: deoxycorticosterone, 48%; cortisol, 1.5%; 18-hydroxy-deoxycorticosterone, 1.2%; and 18-hydroxy-corticosterone, 0.2%. The relative sodium-retaining potencies of these steroids in vivo correlate well with their binding activities. These data provide further support to the view that the major high affinity [3H]aldosterone binding is by mineralocorticoid receptors. Two steroids, 16beta-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone and 16-oxo-androstenediol, recently shown to have sodium-retaining activity in the rat, and also implicated in low-renin "essential" hypertension in man, showed no competitive binding activity. The affinity of [3H]aldosterone for binding to these mineralocorticoid receptors and the relative steroid binding activities are similar to the values previously reported in the rat. Thus, human and rat mineralocorticoid receptors appear to be similar in their affinity for aldosterone and their specificity for binding a number of other steroids.
IgA Nephropathy: Clinical Features and Natural History—A Pediatric Perspective

This review describes the spectrum of clinical features observed in pediatric patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in different parts of the world. The typical clinical presentation consists of an episode of macroscopic hematuria within 24 to 48 hours of an upper respiratory infection. However, many children who present with macroscopic hematuria are subjected to a battery of urologic studies before the appropriate procedure is performed. This sequence highlights the lack of awareness of IgAN among pediatricians, family practitioners, and urologists. The finding of microscopic hematuria or, less commonly, proteinuria, in a urinalysis carried out as part of a school screening program is thenost frequent "presentation" of IgAN in Japanese children. However, it is possible that many children with IgAN expressed as microscopic hematuria and/or mild proteinuria remain undiagnosed in this country because routine urinalysis is not done and many pediatric nephrologists are reluctant to perform renal biopsies when such children are identified. It is now recognized that some patients with IgAN and nephrotic range proteinuria exhibit a state of steroid responsiveness. The renal biopsy in such patients often reveals "minimal change." Several recent studies have shown progressive deterioration in approximately 10% of all pediatric patients found to have IgAN and in 15% to 3% of the subset of patients with more severe histologic findings. Hypertension and proteinuria are observed frequently in patients who progress to chronic renal failure. It is proposed that multicenter collaborative studies be designed to evaluate proposed therapies for children with IgAN associated with proliferative glomerular lesions, particularly those in whom hypertension, proteinuria, and depressed glomerular filtration rate are found.
Correlation of operative and pathological injury grade with computed tomographic grade in the failed nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma

Background Computed tomography (CT) is the standard for grading blunt splenic injuries, but the true accuracy, especially for grade IV or V injuries as compared to pathological findings, is unknown.
Metal carbonyl derivatives of sulfur-containing quinones and hydroquinones: synthesis, structures, and electrochemical properties.

The reaction of CpMoMn(μ-S2)(CO)5, 1, with 1,4-benzoquinone in the presence of irradiation with visible light yielded the quinonedithiolato complex CpMoMn(CO)5(μ-S2C6H2O2), 2. The new complex CpMoMn(CO)5(μ-S2C6Cl2O2) (4) was synthesized similarly from 1 and 2,3-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone. Compounds 2 and 4 were reduced with hydrogen to yield the hydroquinone complexes CpMoMn(CO)5[μ-S2C6H2(OH)2], 3, and CpMoMn(CO)5[μ-S2C6Cl2(OH)2], 5. UV−vis irradiation of solutions of Fe2(CO)6(μ-S2) and 1,4-benzoquinone yielded the hydroquinone complex Fe2(CO)6[μ-S2C6H2(OH)2], 6. Compound 6 was oxidized to the quinone complex Fe2(CO)6(μ-S2C6H2O2), 7, by using 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone. Substitution of the CO ligands on 6 by PPh3 yielded the derivatives Fe2(CO)5(PPh3)[μ-S2C6H2(OH)2], 8, and Fe2(CO)4(PPh3)2[μ-S2C6H2(OH)2], 9. The electrochemical properties of 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9 were measured by cyclic voltammetry. The molecular structure of each of the new compounds 2−9 was established by single-crystal X-ray ...
Crystal Chemistry and Phase Equilibrium Studies of the BaO(BaCO3)–½R2O3–CuOx Systems in Air: VI, R = Neodymium

Crystal chemistry and subsolidus phase equilibrium studies of the Ba-Nd-Cu-O system near the CuO and Nd2O3 corners have been carried cut at 950°C in air. Two solid-solution series have been identified in the Ba-Nd-Cu-O system. The first series involves the high-Tc superconductor phase, and has the formula Ba2–xNd1+xCu3O6+z, where × < ≅ 0.7. At the ideal compound stoichiometry of Ba2NdCu3O6+z, the transformation from the high-Tc orthorhombic to tetragonal phase occurs at 550°–575°C in air. This temperature varies as a function of composition, and at x≅ 0.2 to 0.3 it occurs at 950°C. The second solid solution is the non-superconducting “brown phase” represented by Ba2+2x-Nd4–2xCu2–xO10–2z 0 ≤x≤ 0.1. Preliminary phase diagrams of the BaO–Nd2O3 and Nd2O3–CuOx systems are also presented. Standard X-ray diffraction patterns of BaNd2–CuO5 and (Nd1.9Ca0.1)CuO4–z are provided.
Amphipods on a deep-sea hydrothermal treadmill

Abstract Conspicuous swarms of a pardaliscid amphipod were observed at about 2520 and 2580 m depth in the East Pacific Rise vent field during dives with the submersible Alvin . Swarms occurred in association with mussels, clams and tubeworms, and were located above, and immediately downstream of cracks with emanating hydrothermal water. Numerical density sometimes exceeded 1000 individuals 1 −1 , which is 3 orders of magnitude greater than any previous report on pelagic crustaceans from the deep sea. The amphipods, however, were not obligatory swarmers, and thin-layered shoals and scattered individuals were observed. Orientation of individuals was often polarized as they headed into the venting flow, swimming vigorously at 5–10 cm s −1 to maintain their position in the current. Retention within the preferred habitat requires an average swimming speed corresponding to the average current speed, suggesting a sustained swimming of > 10 body lengths s −1 . These observations contrast with the general concept of low swimming activity in deep-sea crustaceans.
How e‐commerce is transforming and internationalizing service industries

Services account for over 50 percent ($3.6 trillion) of the 1997 gross domestic product for the USA, and more than 25 percent of world trade. However, information technology and the Internet are causing fundamental changes in the economics of service industries as new, network‐based, global e‐commerce business models emerge and begin to dominate. This analysis attempts to isolate the key factors driving the competitive transformation and globalization of the services industries. Highlights how the Internet is changing the level of information asymmetry between the buyer and seller and how this in turn is altering industry profitability.
Convergent and discriminant validity of the Taylor and Buss measures of physical aggression.

Although the Taylor and Buss paradigms have been the most widely used measures of human physical aggression, few attempts have been made to establish validity of the measures. The present investigation attempted to demonstrate convergent and discriminant validity of the paradigms. Fifty-five males engaged in five tasks designed to measure helping, competition, and aggression. Correlations computed among these measures lend support for convergent and discriminant validity of the Taylor and Buss paradigms.
Renal Trauma after Blunt Abdominal Injury

Abstract Background The kidney is the third most common solid organ injury in blunt abdominal trauma. The preferred treatment of blunt kidney injury varies according to grade of severity, with a preference for non-operative management in most instances. Discussion We examine an unusual case of blunt renal trauma. In this case, our patient presented with severe flank pain and hematuria after a game of softball. Our focused abdominal sonography for trauma revealed fluid in the splenorenal recess concerning for intra-abdominal injury, and subsequent abdominal computed tomography confirmed a grade IV kidney laceration. Conclusion Our patient was managed medically despite his high grade of injury. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of blunt renal trauma and highlights the fact that despite significant injury, a patient can go on to do well with conservative management alone.
Feeding abilities in neonates with congenital heart disease: a retrospective study.

An important area concerning morbidity among infants with congenital heart defects (CHD) is related to feeding problems. Our objectives were to characterize the evolution of feeding milestones related to transition to per oral feeding among infants with CHD, and to identify associated variables impacting the feeding abilities. Specifically, we differentiated the feeding characteristics in neonates with acyanotic vs cyanotic CHD. Feeding progress was tracked during the first hospitalization in a retrospective chart review study involving 76 infants (29 acyanotic, 47 cyanotic CHD). The ages at which the following milestones attained were recorded: first feeds, maximum gavage feeds, first nipple feeds and maximum nipple feeds, in addition to the length of hospital stay. Effects of perinatal factors, duration of respiratory support, vasopressor and narcotic use and use of cardiopulmonary bypass on the feeding milestones were also evaluated. ANOVA, t-test, and stepwise linear regression analysis were applied as appropriate. Data stated as mean±s.e.m., or %; P<0.05 was considered significant. Prenatal and birth characteristics were similar (P=NS) between the neonates with acyanotic and cyanotic CHD. Cyanotic CHD required three times prolonged use of ventilation, narcotics and vasopressor use (all P<0.05, compared to the acyanotic group). In the acyanotic group, prolonged respiratory support correlated linearly with time to attain maximal gavage feeds and nippling (both, R2=0.8). In the cyanotic group, delayed initiation of gavage feeds and prolonged respiratory support both correlated linearly with time to attain maximal gavage feeds and nippling (both, R2=0.8). Age at first gavage feed correlated with maximum gavage feeds among neonates with cyanotic CHD, and first nipple feed correlated with maximum nipple feeds among all groups (P<0.01). Use of cardiopulmonary bypass in cyanotic CHD delayed the feeding milestones and prolonged the length of stay (both, P<0.05 vs non-bypass group); similar findings were not seen in the acyanotic group. In contrast to neonates with acyanotic CHD, cyanotic CHD group had significant delays with (a) feeding readiness, (b) successful gastric feeding, (c) oromotor readiness and (d) successful oromotor skills. Co-morbid factors that may directly influence the delay in feeding milestones include the (a) duration of respiratory support and (b) use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Delays in achieving maximum gavage and maximum nippling may suggest foregut dysmotility and oropharyngeal dysphagia.
Regional myocardial blood flow during hyperemia induced by contrast agent in patients with coronary artery disease.

Regional myocardial specific blood flow (regional specific flow) was measured at rest and during contrast hyperemia after the intracoronary injection of xenon-133. The changes in regional specific flow were transient, resulting in some compromise in one of the underlying restraints of the inert gas washout method, namely, the presence of a steady state. Therefore, to determine the clinical utility of this technique, regional specific flow values obtained with this method were correlated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease as assessed from the coronary arteriogram and left ventriculogram. Regional specific flow during contrast hyperemia was 186 ± 11 (mean ± 1 standard error of the mean) ml/min per 100 g in control patients and 115 ± 5 in patients with coronary artery disease. There was an inverse relation between regional specific flow during contrast hyperemia and the percent coronary stenosis when the stenosis was 40 percent or greater (r = 0.70, P < 0.001). Regional specific flow was significantly less in patients with asynergy (77 ± 10 ml/min per 100 g) than in patients with normal ventricular function (105 ± 5) distal to coronary stenoses of greater than 75 percent. Thus, regional specific flow measured during contrast hyperemia using the xenon washout technique and the Anger camera differentiated patients with normal coronary arteriograms from those with coronary artery disease. With this technique, good correlation was shown between regional specific flow and the percent coronary stenosis and presence of ventricular wall abnormalities. The information obtained with this method may provide prognostic information concerning suitability for surgical intervention.
Characterization of global ocean turbidity from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ocean color observations

[1] Seasonal global ocean turbidity is studied and quantified using the diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490 nm, Kd(490), derived from measurements of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer onboard the Aqua satellite. The shortwave infrared-based atmospheric correction algorithm and a newly developed Kd(490) algorithm have been used to derive Kd(490) data for both the global open ocean and coastal turbid waters. The spatial pattern of global open ocean turbidity shows significant seasonal Kd(490) variations with highs in the boreal (or austral) spring and summer and lows in the winter for the Northern Hemisphere (or Southern Hemisphere). The clear water with Kd(490) ≤ 0.1 m−1 covers an average of ∼95.67% of the global ocean. The modestly turbid waters with Kd(490) values ranging from ∼0.1 to 0.3 m−1 has about 5.12% and 3.07% of the global ocean region in the summer and winter, respectively, with average coverage of ∼3.59%. Turbid waters with Kd(490) over 0.3 m−1 are all located in the coastal regions, river estuaries, and inland lakes with an average global coverage of ∼0.74%, accounting for ∼8% to 12% of the total global continental shelf area. The world's major turbid water regions are identified and evaluated in this study. Amazon River Estuary ranks as the world's most turbid region with the mean Kd(490) value of ∼5 m−1. In addition, different mechanisms for the water turbidity in the open oceans and coastal turbid waters are investigated. In the open ocean, variability in the seasonal turbidity is related to the seasonal variation of chlorophyll a concentration, i.e., the seasonal phytoplankton bloom dominates the global geographic perspective of the water turbidity (for waters with Kd(490) ≤ 0.3 m−1). In the coastal region, on the other hand, high turbidity (Kd(490) > 0.3 m−1) is attributed to the high loading of sediment concentration due to various physical processes, such as sediment resuspension, river runoff, etc.
The Lipopolysaccharide-activated Toll-like Receptor (TLR)-4 Induces Synthesis of the Closely Related Receptor TLR-2 in Adipocytes

The central regulatory role of the adipocyte in whole body energy homeostasis is well established. However, recent findings suggest that preadipocytes and adipocytes may play an important physiological role in the regulation of both the innate and adaptive immune response. To systematically characterize the molecular machinery of the adipocyte that mediates the recognition of pathogens, we have focused our analysis on the recently identified Toll-like receptors (TLRs). These receptors have been implicated as mediators of the cellular response to bacterial lipopolysacharides (LPSs). Here, we report the cloning and functional characterization of mouse TLR-2 from 3T3-L1 adipocytes. TLR-2 synthesis is strongly induced in the adipocyte by LPS, TNFalpha, and the yeast cell wall extract zymosan. TLR-2 undergoes a lengthy intracellular maturation process with a half-life of exit from the ER of approximately 3 h. Furthermore, LPS treatment of adipocytes results in dramatic changes at the level of gene expression, including the synthesis of a distinct set of secretory proteins such as interleukin-6. Our studies demonstrate the presence of a fully intact pathway of innate immunity in the adipocyte that can be activated by LPS binding to the cell surface and results in the secretion of immunomodulatory molecules.
Nettleship, Pearson, and Bateson: The Biometric-Mendelian Debate in a Medical Context

Les theories de Karl Pearson et William Bateson sur l'heredite genetique sont decrites et analysees et demontrent l'importance des travaux de Mendel
Hormonal management of early endometrial cancer

Abstract Approximately 3–5% of patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer in the United States are under the age of 40. For these patients, fertility preservation is often of paramount importance. Patients with endometrial cancer and other medical co-morbidities are not ideal surgical candidates and may also be candidates for medical therapy. After careful selection and counseling, certain patients with Grade 1 endometrial cancer may be offered treatment with progesterone therapy.
Disclosure versus recognition: Evidence from lobbying behavior in response to SFAS No. 158

Abstract This study examines the lobbying behavior of firms following the release of the SFAS No. 158 exposure draft. SFAS No. 158 requires the recognition of previously disclosed net pension and postretirement benefit obligations on the balance sheet. The study documents that firms that lobbied against the pronouncement had large, underfunded plans and the decision to lobby was related to the magnitude of the SFAS No. 158 balance sheet adjustment. The findings have important implications for the recognition versus disclosure debate because they document management’s reaction to the relocation of information disclosed in the financial statement footnotes to its recognition on the balance sheet.
Conflict behavior and the effects of 8-OHDPAT treatment in rats selectively bred for differential 5-HT1A-induced hypothermia

The high DPAT sensitivity (HDS) and low DPAT sensitivity (LDS) rat lines are the result of selective breeding for differences in the hypothermic response to acute treatment with the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-hydroxydipropylaminotetralin (8-OHDPAT). The HDS rats exhibit a much greater hypothermic response than do the LDS rats. The present study examined conflict anxiety-like behavior and the effects of acute challenges with 8-OHDPAT and phenobarbital (PhB) on conflict behavior in HDS and LDS rats. Water-restricted (24-h deprivation) HDS and LDS rats were trained to drink from a tube that was occasionally electrified. The 5-s bouts of drinking tube electrification occurred on a fixed interval (FI) 30-s schedule and were signaled by the presence of a tone. Under this schedule, responding is suppressed approximately 10-fold during the tone-on periods compared to the no-tone periods. After two weeks of training in this repeated measures drink suppression conflict paradigm, the effects of acute challenges with 8-OHDPAT (30-500 microg/kg, SC, +10 min) or PhB (20 mg/kg, IP, +10 min) were determined. In control (i.e. , non-drug) conflict test sessions, rats of the HDS line accepted significantly fewer shocks than did rats of the LDS line. Acute treatment with 8-OHDPAT resulted in a modest increase in punished responding (maximum increase: +30-40 shocks/session) in both lines at doses of 60 and 125 microg/kg. Higher doses produced significant general behavioral disruption and substantial reductions in water intake (unpunished responding) in both HDS and LDS rats. Neither the increase in shocks received nor the decrease in water intake produced by these 8-OHDPAT challenges differed between HDS and LDS rats. In both lines, acute PhB treatment resulted in a more dramatic increase in punished responding than did 8-OHDPAT (+55-65 shocks/session) and an increase in water intake. The effects of PhB also did not differ between HDS and LDS rats. These data suggest that the HDS and LDS rats exhibit differences in baseline anxiety-like behavior in the conflict task, but do not differ in their response to acute challenges with PhB or 8-OHDPAT.
Systematic variation of major elements in comendite and pantellerite glasses

Abstract Natural high-silica peralkaline glasses from many localities define a remarkably coherent continuous series in which Fe+Mn increases and Al decreases nonlinearly with both Na and Na+K content and Na:K ratio. The major-element variations indicate that comendite and pantellerite glasses are not petrogenetic accidents, but are the products of a definite recurring petrogenetic process, one which almost certainly involves fractional crystallization.
Mild depression and self-disclosure intimacy: Self and others' perceptions

A study was conducted to examine the nature and intimacy of self-disclosures made by mildly depressed and nondepressed college students. Written statements about positive and negative topics were elicited from students, and the statements were evaluated as to tone and intimacy, first by the subjects themselves and then by a group of raters. Results indicated that the statements of the mildly depressed subjects were more negative in tone and more intimate than were those of the nondepressed subjects, but only in the negative topic condition. In general, subjects' self-evaluations of their statements were consistent with those of the raters, suggesting that they were aware of the intimacy of their disclosures. In addition, correlational analyses indicated that mood states were positively related to statement intimacy for the nondepressed subjects, but negatively related for the mildly depressed subjects. Results are discussed in terms of the relation involving self-disclosure styles, social interaction, and depression.
Characterization of post-operative risk associated with prior drug-eluting stent use.

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess risk of inpatient surgery at any time after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES). Background Risk of adverse events, including stent thrombosis (ST), in patients undergoing surgical procedures with prior DES remains poorly defined. Methods Outcomes of consecutive patients having inpatient surgical procedures after PCI with DES, placed from April 28, 2003 until December 31, 2006 at a tertiary-care medical center, were studied. Primary and secondary end points were 30-day post-operative risk of the Academic Research Consortium (ARC) definite and modified probable definitions of ST and combined 30-day post-operative risk of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), or ST, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine independent risk factors. Results Six hundred six inpatient surgeries on 481 patients with a mean time from PCI to surgery of 1.07 ± 0.89 years were evaluated. The primary and secondary end points occurred after 11 (2.0%) and 56 (9%) surgeries, respectively. Risk of the combined end point and ST decreased significantly in the first 1 to 6 months after PCI (p 12 months. Independent correlates of the combined end point include emergency surgery, antecedent MI, the pre-operative use of intravenous heparin, and atherosclerotic lesion length treated with DES. Oral antiplatelet status at time of surgery was not a correlate of events. Conclusions Risk of 30-day post-operative adverse events, including ST, remains significantly higher when surgery is performed soon after PCI, while intermediate-term risk extending at least 2 to 3 years remains important.
The Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite

The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite, planned for launch in 1985, will measure the diffuse infrared and microwave radiation of the universe over the entire wavelength range from a few microns to 1.3 cm. It will include three instruments: a set of microwave isotropy radiometers at 23, 31, 53, and 90 GHz, an interferometer spectrometer from 1 to 100/cm, and a filter photometer from 1 to 300 microns. The COBE satellite is designed to reach the sensitivity limits set by foreground sources such as the interstellar and interplanetary dust, starlight, and galactic synchrotron radiation, so that a diffuse residual radiation may be interpreted unambiguously as extragalactic
In the Beginning Origins of African American Real Property Ownership in the United States

The quest for real property ownership by African Americans began immediately after emancipation. Even though free people of color were able to purchase real property in the South, their numbers wer...
Measurement and analysis of nitric oxide radiation in an arc-jet flow

On the bases of the centerline enthalpy value deduced from heat transfer measurements and the NOZNT code, it is possible to predict the freestream conditions in an arcjet wind tunnel flow. The translational-rotational and vibrational temperature of NO is nearly reproducible by NOZNT. Relative to the electron and electronic temperatures, the vibrational temperature of N2 and NO are significantly lower at enthalpies of less than 45 MJ/kg. The enthalpy deduced from spectroscopic measurements is in rough agreement with that deduced from heat transfer measurements.
Growth and regeneration of alfalfa callus lines after freezing in liquid nitrogen

Abstract Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) callus culture lines established from the cotyledons of aseptically germinated seeds were treated with a cryoprotective mixture containing 10% (w/v) polyethylene glycol, 8% (w/v) glucose and 10% (w/v) dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), frozen at 1°/min to −30°C, and transferred to liquid nitrogen (LN). Samples in glass tubes were thawed rapidly, rinsed with a simplified Murashige-Skoog medium and placed on a modified Blaydes agar medium for growth comparisons. Variations of experimental treatments, including thawing-bath temperature, use of glass or polypropylene freezing tubes, and exposure time of callus in cryoprotectant solution, were tested. Following treatments, W74RS callus was stored 1 year in LN and, when thawed, grew at approximately the same rate as unfrozen callus. Two other lines survived LN but the cultures grew more slowly, probably indicating some killing of frozen cells. One of these, Regen S, differentiated and grew into normal-appearing, seed-producing plantlets after thawing; the other, a salt-tolerant line, retained its salt-tolerant character.
Interpolation of states by vector states on certain operator algebras

LetT be an operator on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space\(\mathcal{H}\) with eigenvectorsvi, ‖vi‖=1,i=1, 2, ..., andsp{vi⋎i∈n} dense in\(\mathcal{H}\). Suppose that {vi} is a Schauder basis for\(\mathcal{H}\). We denote byATthe ultraweakly closed algebra generated byT andI, the identity operator on\(\mathcal{H}\). For any nonnegative sequence of scalars\(\left\{ {\alpha ,with = \sum\nolimits_1^\infty {\alpha _1 } = 1} \right\},\), we associate an ultraweakly (normal) continuous linear functional\(\phi _\alpha = \sum\nolimits_1^\infty {\alpha _j } \omega _v\) where\(\phi _\alpha \left( A \right) = \lim _n \sum\nolimits_1^n {\alpha _j } \omega _v ,\), and\(\omega _v ,\left( A \right) = \) for allA∈AT. We denote the set of all such linear functionals onATbyF(T). The question that we investigate in this paper is whether each linear functional φα inF(T) is a vector state, i.e. does φα=ωx for some unit vectorx in\(\mathcal{H}\)?
Distinguishing levuglandins produced through the cyclooxygenase and isoprostane pathways

The cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway generates enantiomerically pure levuglandin (LG) E(2) by a rearrangement of the prostaglandin (PG) endoperoxide PGH(2). The isoprostane pathway generates racemic LGE(2) together with stereoisomers, designated collectively as isoLGE(2), through free radical-induced lipid oxidation. Within seconds, both LGs and isoLGs are rapidly sequestered by protein adduction. In theory, the diastereomeric purity of LGE(2)-protein adduct-derived lysyl lactams can reveal the relative contributions of the COX and isoprostane pathways to LGE(2) stereoisomer production in vivo. Notably, however, the detection of LGE(2)-protein adducts does not provide a basis for inferring their formation through the isoprostane pathway in vivo unless the COX pathway can be rigorously excluded. In contrast, LGE(2)structural isomers, designated collectively as iso[n]LGE(2)s, are produced exclusively through the isoprostane pathway. Immunoassays that selectively recognize iso[n]LGE(2)-protein adducts are the only tools available to unambiguously detect and quantify the production of isolevuglandins in vivo through free radical-induced oxidation of arachidonates.
Chemie und Biologie der Saragossasäuren/Squalestatine

Selten lost die Entdeckung eines Naturstoffs grose Erregung aus. Doch die ungewohnliche, hochoxygenierte Molekulstruktur und die potentiell lukrative biologische Aktivitat der Saragossasauren/Squalestatine haben zu Beginn der neunziger Jahre hektische Aktivitaten von Chemikern und Biologen in Forschung und Industrie ausgelost. Da sie wirkungsvolle Inhibitoren des Enzyms Squalen-Synthase sind, das die erste eindeutig zu Cholesterin fuhrende Reaktion katalysiert, hoffte man, mit den Saragossasauren den enormen wirtschaftlichen Erfolg der Mevinsauren als Cholesterinspiegel-senkende Medikamente der zweiten Generation wiederholen zu konnen. Die Vielzahl von Synthesestudien, zu denen das ungewohnliche und zugleich charakteristische 2,8-Dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3,4,5-tricarbonsaure-Gerust angeregt hat, decken ein Spektrum von Tradition bis Avantgarde ab. Diese Ubersicht ist ein Versuch, erstmals Chemie und Biologie dieser faszinierenden Molekulklasse gemeinsam zu diskutieren.
Boron-induced softening in polycrystalline stoichiometric Ni3Al alloys

Abstract Alloy softening was observed in microhardness measurements of Ni 3 Al alloy with 0.2 at% boron. The boron-induced softening occurred both in grain interiors and along grain boundaries. Possible mechanisms for the softening effects are discussed.
Theory to Practice: Creating Play Environments for Therapeutic Recreation Experiences

Play environments have always been an integral part of play experiences for children in America (Thompson & Bowers, 1989). However, for children with disabilities, play environments have not always provided a complete play experience (Schleien & Ray, 1988).
Argue-to-Learn: Facilitate Classroom Discussions in the Social Sciences

Instructors of social science courses often seek activities that can help students both comprehend course materials and develop critical thinking skills. Classroom discussions are commonly used for...
Minimally Invasive Aortic and Mitral Valve Operation

A hhough minimally invasive approaches for individual aortic and mitral valve surgery are commonplace, 1-3 these techniques are also quite appropr ia te for those patients with bivalvular (aortic and mitral) disease. Through a small anterior thoracotomy incision, the surgeon gains access to operate on both tile aortic and nfitral valves. This incision obviates tile need for a s ternotomy and its at tendant complications. 4 This article describes the s tandard NYU approach for minilnally invasive aortic and mitral valve disease.
Reverse plane partitions and tableau hook numbers

Abstract The generating function of R. P. Stanley for reverse plane partitions on a tableau shape is obtained by a direct method that clearly shows the combinatorial significance of the hook numbers for the shape. The process generalizes the hooks into zigzag paths.
NEW PRECISION ORBITS OF BRIGHT DOUBLE-LINED SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES. VIII. HR 1528, HR 6993, 2 SAGITTAE, AND 18 VULPECULAE

Improved orbital elements for four A-star double-lined spectroscopic binaries have been determined with numerous new radial velocities. Three of the four systems, HR 1528, 2 Sge, and 18 Vul, have moderately short orbital periods of 7.05, 7.39, and 9.31 days, respectively, and also have circular or nearly circular orbits. Only HR 6993 with a period of 14.68 days has a significantly eccentric orbit. The close visual companion of 2 Sge has been detected spectroscopically, and its velocity measured. The orbital dimensions (a 1 sin i and a 2 sin i) and minimum masses (m 1 sin3 i and m 2 sin3 i) of the short-period binary components all have accuracies of 0.5% or better. We determine basic properties of the individual stars and compare them with solar-abundance evolutionary tracks to estimate their masses. Half of the eight components may be synchronously or pseudosynchronously rotating.
Leaf cuticular variations in Trifolium repens L. as indicators of environmental pollution

Abstract Two populations of white clover ( Trifolium repens L.) were studied from selected rural and urban areas of Tennessee, USA, to determine the relationship between variation in flower production, leaf cuticular features, and the environmental pollution in the area. Stomatal frequency values were low in populations from areas of high pollution. Trichome frequency and length increased in polluted areas. Trichome type was also affected. Floral productivity decreased in polluted areas. Stomatal size range and the number of subsidiary cells remained the same in both populations.
Septic Sternoclavicular Joint: A Case Report

A 23-year-old man presented to our sports medicine clinic with a history of nontraumatic left anterior chest pain. Prior to presentation, a magnetic resonance image (MRI) had been performed that showed increased signal in the soft tissues around the sternoclavicular joint, primarily in the pectoralis major, and a small amount of fluid in the joint, thought possibly consistent with sympathetic effusion from a muscle tear. On examination, the patient was toxic appearing and had severe pain with virtually any left upper-extremity movement and with walking. There was swelling, redness, warmth, and tenderness over the left sternoclavicular joint. Vital signs were normal, but due to concerns of possible septic arthritis, he was admitted to the hospital. After discontinuation of prednisone and hydrocodone-acetaminophen that he had been receiving, the patient became febrile. Blood and sternoclavicular joint aspirate cultures grew methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. On re-review of the MRI, subtle abnormal signal compatible with the patient's joint infection was seen. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics and, eventually, surgical resection of the left sternoclavicular joint, proximal clavicle, and lateral manubrium with subsequent muscle flap. No predisposing factor for this infection was found. Septic sternoclavicular joint is rare, accounting for 1% of all septic joints. Infection or other unusual pathology should be suspected when clinical findings are not consistent with simple musculoskeletal injury.
Severe lateral tibial bowing with short stature in two siblings--a provisionally novel syndrome.

In this report, we describe two siblings with short stature and severe lateral tibial bowing. In the younger sibling, the bowing was bilateral, while in the older sib, it was unilateral. However, both showed bilateral abnormalities of the distal tibial epiphyses and growth plates. Pseudoarthrosis of the left distal tibial metaphysis and subsequent spontaneous resolution of the abnormality occurred in the younger sibling. The fibulas of both children were of normal diameter and were straight, except for the distal ends. Surgery has almost completely corrected the lower leg bowing in both patients. The type of tibial bowing seen in these children can be associated with a number of syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis type I, Weismann–Netter syndrome, and a variety of environmental caused disorders, such as vitamin D deficient rickets. However, the severity of the bowing present in our patients and the absence of other clinical features differentiates this condition from those reported in the literature. We posit that the condition in the children presented here represents an as yet undescribed syndrome, which is likely to be of genetic origin. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pathway-dependent refolding of E. coli 5S rRNA

The refolding of 5S RNA into its two conformational states has been examined as a function of solvent composition and annealing conditions. The results show that the product distribution depends on the folding pathway. Quick cooling from high temperature produces roughly equal amounts of the two forms, even in the presence of 1 mm Mg++. However annealing by slow cooling to intermediate temperatures (50 degrees--60 degrees C) in Mg++-containing buffers, followed by quick cooling, allows formation of a structure which guides the refolding path to the "native" conformation. The stability of this structural nucleus for the "native" conformation depends strongly on Mg++ concentration. We conclude that the A ("native") conformation differs from the B conformation not in rate of refolding, but rather in having a lower enthalpy and a also a smaller rate of unfolding for the critical structural nucleus. The order of folding during biosynthesis may be crucial for forming the "native" conformation.
Probing the Kinesin-Microtubule Interaction

Abstract Kinesin is a mechanoenzyme that couples adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis to the generation of force and movement along microtubules. To gain insight into the interactions of kinesin and microtubules, cross-linking, mapping, and proteolysis experiments were executed. The motor domain of kinesin was consistently cross-linked to both α- and β-tubulin subunits. Initial mapping of the cross-linked kinesin suggested that amino acids within the N- and C-terminal cyanogen bromide fragments of the motor domain formed cross-links to both α- and β-tubulin subunits. Mapping of the cross-linked tubulin suggested that cross-linking to kinesin motors occurred within the negatively charged, C-terminal cyanogen bromide fragments of α- and β-tubulin subunits. Treatment of microtubules with subtilisin, a protease that cleaves C-terminal fragments from α- and β-tubulin, reduced their ability to be cross-linked to kinesin motors supporting the idea that C-terminal sequences of α- and β-tubulin may interact with kinesin motors. Finally, of three synthetic peptides, a peptide consisting of the last 12 C-terminal amino acids of β-tubulin competitively interfered with the microtubule-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activity of the kinesin motor, further suggesting that C-terminal sequences of β-tubulin may be involved in kinesin binding.
Unemployment and crime: an empirical investigation

This paper examines the relationship between labour market conditions and various crime series in three Asia-Pacific countries: Australia, Japan and South Korea. Johansen's maximum likelihood cointegration tests are applied to annual, aggregate data to see whether there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship between unemployment and crime variables. In a society with a high unemployment rate, especially among young males, the opportunity cost of crime is relatively low so that criminal activities tend to increase. Although theoretically well-formulated, previous empirical studies of this hypothesis have yielded mixed evidence. The results of this study, however, appear to provide strong support for a long-run equilibrium relationship between unemployment and several crime series. This may be due to the use of cointegration method in the study, which is quite common in the area of economics and finance, but has not been applied extensively to the study of crime. Empirical support seems to be even stron...
Comments, with reply, on "Monte Carlo simulation of BaF/sub 2/ detectors used in time-of-flight positron emission tomography" by A.N. Bice et al

The commenters point out an error in Fig.2 of the above-named work of A.N. Bice et al. (see ibid., vol.37, no.2, p.696-701, April 1990). The error arose because Bice et al. inadvertently used a Gaussian distribution with sigma equal to 35% of the photopeak of 0.179 MeV. In a reply. Bice et al. acknowledge the error. >
Transactional Forwarding: Supporting Highly-Concurrent STM in Asynchronous Distributed Systems

Distributed software transactional memory (or DTM) is an emerging promising model for distributed concurrency control, as it avoids the problems with locks (e.g., distributed deadlocks), while retaining the programming simplicity of coarse-grained locking. We consider DTM in Herlihy and Sun's data flow distributed execution model, where transactions are immobile and objects dynamically migrate to invoking transactions. To support DTM in this model and ensure transactional properties including atomicity, consistency, and isolation, we develop an algorithm called Transactional Forwarding Algorithm (or TFA). TFA guarantees a consistent view of shared objects between distributed transactions, provides atomicity for object operations, and transparently handles object relocation and versioning using an asynchronous version clock-based validation algorithm. We show that TFA is opaque (its correctness property) and permits strong progressiveness (its progress property). We implement TFA in a Java DTM framework and conduct experimental studies on a 120-node system, executing over 4 million transactions, with more than 1000 active concurrent transactions. Our implementation reveals that TFA outperforms competing distributed concurrency control models including Java RMI with spin locks, distributed shared memory, and directory-based DTM, by as much as 13x (for read-dominant transactions), and competitor DTM implementations by as much as 4x.