cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The relation between intelligence and critical flicker fusion

Previous investigations concerning the relationship of Flicker Fusion Threshold (FFT) and intelligence show contradictory results. Using the method of limits, FFT levels were determined on 40 Boston College undergraduates. The FFT scores were negatively correlated with the Otis Quick Scoring Intelligence Tests and College Board tests for Verbal and Mathematical ability. No relationship was found between FFT and class rank. The results are compared with other studies.
THE ACHES THAT TAKE YOUR BREATH (AND TEARS) AWAY.

An 80-year-old man presented with a complaint of three months of fatigue and aching of his shoulders and hips, as well as pain, swelling, and stiffness in bilateral fingers that was worse in the morning but improved with movement. Associated symptoms included worsening dry mouth and eyes, dysphagia, exertional dyspnea, and right foot drop. Physical exam was significant for edematous and tender bilateral proximal interphalangeal joints, metacarpophalangeal joints and wrists with decreased grip, extension and flexion, as well as bilateral pulmonary crackles. Laboratory analysis revealed Anti-Ro (SSA) and Anti-La (SSB) positivity with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (70mm/hr) and C-reactive peptide (13mg/L). Pulmonary function testing was notable for a forced vital capacity (FVC) of 64% and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) of 44%. High resolution chest computed tomography demonstrated fibrotic changes consistent with nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. The patient was started on mycophenolate mofetil, hydroxychloroquine, and prednisone for Sjogren's syndrome (SjS). Symptoms improved and repeat FVC revealed a 20 percent improvement, however subsequent tapering of prednisone resulted in worsening dyspnea and increase of FVC to 60 prcent. Prednisone was restarted and rituximab 2g divided in two doses was administered with overall symptom improvement. Symptoms and FVC continued to wax and wane over the following 18 months requiring re-dosing of rituximab with most recent FVC improved to 71 percent and DLCO 41 percent.
Combined effect of occupational hazards on health of workers

[Objective]To study the combined effect of occupational hazards on health of workers,and provide evidence for developing occupational protection measures.[Methods]Two hundreds workers exposed to noise,200 exposed to noise + dust,and 200 exposed to noise + dust + toxicant were selected as study group,another 200 workers with similar condition and no exposure were selected as control group.Occupational health examination data were collected for incidence comparison of abnormality.SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analysis.[Results] Except for urine routine examination,the abnormal rates of other indicators in noise+dust group were significantly higher than those of control group(P0.01).The abnormal rate of electric audiometry in noise+dust group and noise + dust + toxicant group was significantly higher than that in control group(P0.01).The abnormal rate of chest X-ray in noise+dust group and noise+dust+toxicant group was significantly higher than that in noise group and control group(P0.01).The abnormal rate of blood pressure in noise+dust group and noise+dust+toxicant group was significantly higher than that in control group(P0.01).The abnormal rate of pulmonary function in noise + dust group and noise+dust+toxicant group was significantly higher than that in noise group and control group(P0.01).The routine blood test,audiometry,ECG,blood pressure,chest X-ray film and pulmonary function was positively associated with types of occupational hazards.[Conclusion]A variety of occupational hazards have synergistic and enhanced effect on workers' health.
Analysis on virological surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis in Chongqing (2008-2011)

Objective To evaluate the surveillance system of the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)cases in Chongqing from 2008 to 2011.Methods Viruses were isolated and identified according to the Polio Laboratory Manual,and the results were conducted intratypic differentiation at the National Poliomyelitis Laboratory by PCR-RFLP and ELISA methods.Results 10 strains of poliomyelitis virus(PV)were isolated from human fecal samples of 307 AFP cases,The isolating rate was 3.26%,which included 5 strains of the type Ⅱ poliovirus,3 strains of the type III poliovirus and 2 strains of the mixed poliovirus.The principle prevalent type was Ⅱ,accounted for 50.00%,followed by type Ⅲ and PV hybrid,accounted for 30.00% and 20.00% respectively.All the PVs were sent to the National Poliomyelitis Laboratory for further intratypic differentiation and identification.The results indicated that 9 strains were vaccine-related.Meanwhile,6 nucleotide sequence variations were found in 1 strain of the type Ⅱ poliovirus,which was confirmed as the pre-vaccine-derived poliovirus(pre-VDPV).26 strains of non-polio enterovirus were also isolated.,The isolating rate was 8.47%.Conclusions From 2008 to 2011 in Chongqing,no wild polio virus was isolated from the acute flaccid paralysis cases,which meant Chongqing remain polio-free area.However,the surveillance of AFP cases should be continued to ensure reaching the target of poliomyelitis eradication all over the world.
Immunological properties of melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes before and after IL-2-based biotherapies

Immunological properties of melanoma TILs before and/or after IL-2-based biotherapies were investigated. TILs harvested before therapies, including those for adoptive transfer, proliferated well in culture with IL-2 and displayed cytotoxicity relatively restricted to autologous tumor cells. In contrast, TILs during or at the end of IL-2 based therapies did not proliferate in culture with IL-2. TILs from tumors even harvested 45 days after the end of IL-2 therapy modestly proliferated in culture with IL-2 and showed MHC-nonrestricted cytotoxicity. The number of live tumor cells that were yielded from melanomas during or at the end of IL-2-based therapies significantly decreased in all nine patients with metastatic melanomas, regardless of their clinical responses (2 PR, 2 MR, 2 SD, and 3 PD). Collectively, these results suggest that current IL-2-based therapies resulted in both transient nonresponsiveness of TILs to IL-2 and transient decrease in the number of live tumour cells in most melanoma patients.
Assess the sustainability of agricultural land use in specialty tea Tancuong area of Thainguyen, Vietnam

This paper presents several research results of the analysis and synthesis of approaching and quantitative methods for sustainable development and quantification. The method of approach, creation and build of indicators to quantify sustainability in agricultural land use in Vietnam (ASI: Sustainable Indicator of Agricultural land use) was also indicated in this study. The sustainability of agricultural land use in the specialty tea Tancuong area has assessed by ASI method. The specialty tea Tancuong area was medium sustainability level with 53.65/100 scores. Solutions for the specialty tea Tancuong area should be applied to improve scores for indicators: Variable available Potassium (SI6), Variable soil organic master (SI8), Application of sustainable technology (RI2), Crop systems (RI3), and using organic nutrient sources (RI5).
Novel Digital and Microwave GaAs MMIC for GPS Applications

A Gallium Arsenide MMIC development is described. The MMIC being developed will function as the RF/IF portion of a GPS receiver. Several of the design constraints and technology decisions relating to the development of a single chip Gallium Arsenide MMIC are described in the paper. In addition to the necessary decisions relevant to the development of the chip, some preliminary data are presented from a working channel of a chip with 95 dB of RF to baseband signal gain.
Graduate Students of Color: Race, Racism, and Mentoring in the White Waters of Academia

The graduate student experience, for many, can be a time of great stress, insecurity, and uncertainty. Overwhelmingly, studies verify that good mentoring is one of the best indicators of graduate s...
The Simulation of Cloud Seeding Effects using Numerical Cloud Models

One of the technological and scientific developments helping to quantify cloud results is cloud models which, in some instances, require nearly as much computing power as the larger scale climate and general circulation models of the atmosphere. Cloud seeding simulations have been conducted in multi-dimensional, time-dependent cloud models over the past 10 to 15 years, and are increasing in frequency now as computers are more able to handle the task. This presentation will review some of the results obtained. The cloud models are sets of nonlinear partial differential quations, representing the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. All phases of water are considered. The models treat all types of clouds, from severe convection with hail to gentle upslope motion stratus clouds with snow and light rain, on to non-precipitating clouds. The ice processes are emphasized in both field operations and modeling. Cloud seeding is simulated by changing the initiation and number of ice crystals in the cloud. The most realistic way to make this change is via the simulation of seeding agents, such as silver iodide or solid carbon dioxide, and their interactions with supercooled liquid water and water vapor. The results of the modeling have indicated support for the basic hypotheses of cloud seeding and have shown quantitatively the signals to be expected from the seeding.
Effect of Sterics and Degree of Cross-Linking on the Mechanical Properties of Dynamic Poly(alkylurea–urethane) Networks

Dynamic covalent networks are polymer networks that contain a dynamic covalent bond which allows them to be reprocessable, remoldable, and recyclable as well as exhibit crack healing or stress-relaxation properties. A key component of these materials is the nature of the dynamic covalent bond, which in addition to chemical composition and architecture can be used to dramatically alter the physical properties of these networks. The aim of this study is to understand the impact of steric hindrance of N-alkyl substituents and network connectivity in poly(alkylurea–urethane) dynamic network films. In these materials, the dynamic bond is the hindered alkyl urea moiety, whose dynamic behavior is dictated by the sterics of the alkyl substituent. Networks were prepared by the noncatalyzed curing reaction of aminoethanol compounds of varying substituents with a trifunctional isocyanate cross-linker and varying amounts of a monofunctional capping agent. Thermomechanical properties and FTIR studies show the impact o...
CHLORPROMAZINE-AND HALOPERIDOL-INDUCED CHANGES IN SOME BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF COCAINE AND AMPHETAMINE*

Abstract Schedule-controlled performances of rhesus monkeys provided endpoints for the evaluation of the effects of chlorpromazine and haloperidol on behavior maintained either by intravenous injections of cocaine or amphetamine, or by food delivery. The dose-related rate-reducing effects of chlorpromazine on food- and cocaine-reinforced responding were indistinguishable when the dose of cocaine was small. When the reinforcing dose of cocaine was increased, the rate-decreasing effects of chlorpromazine and haloperidol were correspondingly attenuated, suggesting a dose-related antagonism by cocaine of the rate-decreasing effects of chlorpromazine and haloperidol. When self-injections of high doses of cocaine or amphetamine induced relatively low rates of behavior, chlorpromazine and haloperidol increased stimulant-reinforced responding. Thus, while neuroleptic-stimulant interactions involved a mutual antagonism of rate-decreasing effects, no evidence was obtained suggesting an antagonism by neuroleptics of stimulant reinforcement.
Tissue Repair and Epimorphic Regeneration: an Overview

This manuscript discusses wound healing as a component of epimorphic regeneration and the role of the immune system in this process. Epimorphic regeneration involves formation of a blastema, a mass of undifferentiated cells capable of giving rise to the regenerated tissues. The apical epithelial cap plays an important role in blastemal formation. True regeneration is rarely observed in mammals. With the exception of transgenic strains, tissue repair in mammals usually leads to non-functional fibrotic tissue formation. In contrast, a number of lower order species including planarians, salamanders, and reptiles have the ability to overcome the burden of scarring and tissue loss through complex adaptations that allow them to regenerate various anatomic structures through epimorphic regeneration. Blastemal cells have been suggested to originate via various mechanisms including dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation, migration of pre-existing adult stem cell niches, and combinations of these.
Endovascular treatment of iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula of the iliac vessel.

BACKGROUND Iatrogenic vascular injuries, due to the particular nature of such pathology, are associated with high morbidity and mortality in the postoperative period. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to present a case of non-classic approach to the therapy of iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula. MATERIAL AND METHODS We present a case of a 17-year old female patient admitted to the Department of Vascular, General and Oncologic Surgery (Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Łodź, Poland) due to an iatrogenic injury to the common iliac vein and artery, following neurosurgical intervention on the spine. Two weeks prior to admission, the patient underwent surgery in the Neurosurgery Clinic for herniated nucleus pulposus and lumbar spine scoliosis. The imaging diagnostic revealed the presence of a pseudoaneurysm of the right common iliac artery and arteriovenous fistula between the right common iliac vessels. The patient was qualified for endovascular treatment. Two self-expanding covered stents were successfully deployed. The clinical and radiological outcome of the procedure was good. The postoperative period was uneventful. The patient was discharged home on the 3rd postoperative day. RESULTS The control examinations (directly after the procedure and 6, 12, 24 and 32 months thereafter) revealed full patency of the iliac vessels, as well as no recurrence of arteriovenous fistula, nor a pseudoaneurysm of the right common iliac artery. No symptoms of either chronic limb ischaemia or venous insufficiency were observed. CONCLUSIONS Iatrogenic vessel injury, being a complication of neurosurgical and orthopedic surgeries, may be overlooked and remain undetected both in intraand postoperative period. Modern imaging techniques allow for an adequate diagnosis of the injury and planning the treatment of arteriovenous fistula. The endovascular procedures are the method of choice in patients with arteriovenous fistulas of iliac vessels, alternative to open surgery.
A real-time, bioluminescent annexin V assay for the assessment of apoptosis

Apoptosis is an important and necessary cell death program which promotes homeostasis and organismal survival. When dysregulated, however, it can lead to a myriad of pathologies from neurodegenerative diseases to cancer. Apoptosis is therefore the subject of intense study aimed at dissecting its pathways and molecular mechanisms. Although many assay methods exist for confirming whether an apoptotic response has occurred in vitro, most methods are destructive and involve laborious operator effort or specialized instrumentation. Here we describe a real-time, no-wash, microplate method which utilizes recombinant annexin V fusion proteins containing evolved binary subunits of NanoBiT™ luciferase. The fusion proteins, a time-released enzymatic substrate, a necrosis detection dye and exogenous calcium ions are delivered via an optimized and physiologically inert reagent directly to cells in culture at the time of treatment or dosing. Luminescent signals proportional to phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and fluorescent signals generated as a result of loss of membrane integrity are then collected using a standard multimode plate reader at scheduled intervals over the exposure. The resulting luminescent and fluorescent data are then used to define the kinetics and magnitude of an apoptotic response. This study details our efforts to develop, characterize, and demonstrate the features of the assay by providing relevant examples from diverse cell models for programmed cell death.
THE IMPACT OF BLEEDING AVOIDANCE STRATEGIES IN MEN AND WOMEN UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION

Women undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) have a higher risk of access site bleeding and vascular complications (ASB/VC) than men. The impact of various bleeding avoidance strategies (BAS) on sex differences in PCI related bleeding is not well studied. Patients (n=42,101)
Examining the Interaction of Race and Probationer Noncompliance on Sanctioning Decisions

Much of the prior literature on racial disparity has focused on sentencing decisions, with recent studies examining possible interactions between defendant race and legally relevant factors. Many d...
Facts and Myths of Dielectric Breakdown Processes—Part I: Statistics, Experimental, and Physical Acceleration Models

In part I of this article, the current understanding and experimental observations of the so-called first breakdown (BD) phenomena are reviewed and summarized with a focus on BD statistics and voltage/field acceleration models because of their critical importance to reliability projection. Experimental BD data over a wide range of dielectric materials are reviewed together in a common framework. A thorough examination of various analytic BD models with key features is provided in comparison with experimental observations. In addition, we highlight advanced numerical BD models, which bring out more detailed aspects of the BD process. This state-of-the-art review can provide researchers and engineers with a coherent, global understanding to help continue their research work in this exciting field of dielectric BD.
Post-procedural Care and Complication Management for Prostatic Artery Embolization

Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has an overall good safety profile. Expected side effects are typically related to post-embolic inflammation of the prostate and peri-prostatic tissues. These symptoms are usually self-limited; however, medical treatment can be administered by the interventionalist to increase patient comfort during recovery. Non-target embolization may occur during the procedure and its effects should be recognized. Following the procedure, the interventionalist should be aware of the potential for other complications such as urinary tract infection, urethral obstruction, and radiodermatitis and be able to appropriately manage and triage these complications.
Estimation of Median Incomes of the American States: Bayesian Estimation of Means of Subpopulations

The Fay–Herriot model (J Am Stat Assoc 74:269–277, 1979) is an immensely popular model in small area estimation of means of some characteristics for many related subpopulations. This model regresses the subpopulation mean on a set of auxiliary variables to borrow strength from other subpopulations. The Fay–Herriot model uses a fixed regression coefficient vector but only a random intercept term to account for variability that cannot be explained by the non-random mean function. In some applications, the non-random regression coefficient often does not adequately account for the variability of the subpopulation means. To accommodate extra variability, we consider an extension of the random intercept model by treating some of the regression coefficients also as random. This model is referred to as the random regression coefficient model. For the flexible random regression coefficient model, we allow the intercept and some of the regression coefficients to randomly vary across states with a suitable normal distribution. We use a suitable noninformative prior for all the model parameters to conduct our Bayesian analysis. We establish propriety of the resulting posterior density function and generate Monte Carlo samples from this distribution to get point estimates and associated measures of accuracy of these estimates. We also construct relevant credible intervals of the small area means as another measure of uncertainty for the point estimates. The method is illustrated to predict four-person family median incomes for 1989 for the US states.
Impact of climate change on the integrity of the superstructure of deteriorated U.S. bridges.

Bridges in America are aging and deteriorating, causing substantial financial strain on federal resources and tax payers’ money. Of the various deterioration issues in bridges, one of the most common and costly is malfunctioning of expansion joints, connecting two bridge spans, due to accumulation of debris and dirt in the joint. Although expansion joints are small components of bridges’ superstructure, their malfunction can result in major structural problems and when coupled with thermal stresses, the demand on the structural elements could be further amplified. Intuitively, these additional demands are expected to even worsen if one considers potential future temperature rise due to climate change. Indeed, it has been speculated that climate change is likely to have negative effect on bridges worldwide. However, to date there has been no serious attempts to quantify this effect on a larger spatial scale with no studies pertaining to the integrity of the main load carrying girders. In this study, we attempt to quantify the effect of clogged joints and climate change on failure of the superstructure of a class of steel bridges around the U.S. We surprisingly find that potentially most of the main load carrying girders, in the analyzed bridges, could reach their ultimate capacity when subjected to service load and future climate changes. We further discover that out of nine U.S. regions, the most vulnerable bridges, in a descending order, are those located in the Northern Rockies & Plains, Northwest and Upper Midwest. Ultimately, this study proposes an approach to establish a priority order of bridge maintenance and repair to manage limited funding among a vast inventory in an era of climate change.
Older age of childhood type 1 diabetes onset is associated with islet autoantibody positivity >30 years later: the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study.

AIMS To examine the association between islet autoantibody positivity and clinical characteristics, residual β-cell function (C-peptide) and prevalence of complications in a childhood-onset (age <17 years), long-duration (≥32 years) type 1 diabetes cohort. METHODS Islet autoantibodies (glutamic acid decarboxylase, insulinoma-associated protein 2 and zinc transporter-8 antibodies) were measured in the serum of participants who attended the 2011-2013 Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications study follow-up examination (n=177, mean age 51 years, diabetes duration 43 years). RESULTS Prevalences of islet autoantibodies were: glutamic acid decarboxylase, 32%; insulinoma-associated protein 2, 22%; and zinc transporter-8, 4%. Positivity for each islet autoantibody was associated with older age at diabetes onset (glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, P=0.03; insulinoma-associated protein 2 antibodies, P=0.001; zinc transporter-8 antibodies, P<0.0001). Older age at onset was also associated with an increasing number of autoantibodies (P = 0.001). Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positivity was also associated with lower HbA1c (P = 0.02), insulinoma-associated protein 2 antibody positivity was associated with lower prevalence of severe hypoglycaemic episodes (P=0.02) and both distal and autonomic neuropathy (P=0.04 for both), and zinc transporter-8 antibody positivity was associated with higher total and LDL cholesterol (P=0.01). No association between autoantibody positivity and C-peptide was observed. CONCLUSIONS The strong association between islet autoantibody positivity and older age at type 1 diabetes onset supports the hypothesis of a less aggressive, and thus more persistent, immune process in those with older age at onset. This observation suggests that there may be long-term persistence of heterogeneity in the underlying autoimmune process.
CARDIAC MANIFESTATIONS AND HOSPITALIZATIONS FOR FABRY'S DISEASE: INSIGHTS FROM NATIONWIDE INPATIENT SAMPLE (NIS) DATABASE

Fabry's disease (FD) is a rare X linked lysosomal storage disorder which results in deleterious tissue distribution of glycophospholipids. Cardiac manifestations can occur due to glycophospholipids deposition, signaling for myocytes hypertrophy, outflow tract obstruction, scar formation, valvular,
Consequences of climate change on food-energy-water systems in arid regions without agricultural adaptation, analyzed using FEWCalc and DSSAT

Abstract Effects of a changing climate on agricultural system productivity are poorly understood, and likely to be met with as yet undefined agricultural adaptations by farmers and associated business and governmental entities. The continued vitality of agricultural systems depends on economic conditions that support farmers’ livelihoods. Exploring the long-term effects of adaptations requires modeling agricultural and economic conditions to engage stakeholders upon whom the burden of any adaptation will rest. Here, we use a new freeware model FEWCalc (Food-Energy-Water Calculator) to project farm incomes based on climate, crop selection, irrigation practices, water availability, and economic adaptation of adding renewable energy production. Thus, FEWCalc addresses United Nations Global Sustainability Goals No Hunger and Affordable and Clean Energy. Here, future climate scenario impacts on crop production and farm incomes are simulated when current agricultural practices continue so that no agricultural adaptations are enabled. The model Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) with added arid-region dynamics is used to simulate agricultural dynamics. Demonstrations at a site in the midwest USA with 2008–2017 historical data and two 2018–2098 RCP climate scenarios provide an initial quantification of increased agricultural challenges under climate change, such as reduced crop yields and increased financial losses. Results show how this finding is largely driven by increasing temperatures and changed distribution of precipitation throughout the year. Without effective technological advances and operational and policy changes, the simulations show how rural areas could increasingly depend economically on local renewable energy, while agricultural production from arid regions declines by 50% or more.
High-Energy Lateral Mapping (HELM) Studies of Inhomogeneity and Failure Mechanisms in NMC622/Li Pouch Cells

While it is expected that inhomogeneity negatively affects battery performance, a quantitative understanding of the influence of inhomogeneity has remained elusive due to the difficulty of measurin...
Dissecting culture at work: Conversation with Indian immigrant scientists & engineers in the US industrial sector

Abstract Scientists and engineers’ social background, cultural upbringing, educational training, and world outlook influence how they perform the work and interact with their colleagues. We conducted a study on Indian immigrant scientists and engineers employed in the US industrial sector. We interviewed 40 Indian immigrant scientists and engineers, some of whom came for higher studies and found employment after graduation, while others came directly from India to work. Findings show that the overwhelming majority of interviewees (n = 35) noted significant cultural differences with their colleagues in the workplace; only a small number of interviewees (n = 5), believed that their foundation in professionalism eliminated significant impacts from cultural dissimilarities. Interviewees identified cultural differences in the areas of social interactions, work-related practices, intercultural communication, and management. When immigrant scientists and engineers from developing countries join industrial organizations, they do not leave their cultural practices at home. A conversation with Indian immigrant scientists and engineers shows how Indian culture manifests itself in the workplace.
Liquid state properties of SEI components in dimethoxyethane

The solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer is a critical constituent of battery technology, which incorporates the use of lithium metals. Since the formation of the SEI is difficult to avoid, the engineering and harnessing of the SEI are absolutely critical to advancing energy storage. One problem is that much fundamental information about SEI properties is lacking due to the difficulty in probing a chemically complex interfacial system. One such property that is currently unknown is the dissolution of the SEI. This process can have significant effects on the stability of the SEI, which is critical to battery performance but is difficult to probe experimentally. Here, we report the use of ab initio computational chemistry simulations to probe the solution state properties of SEI components LiF, Li2O, LiOH, and Li2CO3 in order to study their dissolution and other solution-based characteristics. Ab initio molecular dynamics was used to study the solvation structures of the SEI with a combination of radial distribution functions, discrete solvation structure maps, and vibrational density of states, which allows for the determination of free energies. From the change in free energy of dissolution, we determined that LiOH is the most likely component to dissolve in the electrolyte followed by LiF, Li2CO3, and Li2O although none were favored thermodynamically. This indicates that dissolution is not probable, but Li2O would make the most stable SEI with regard to dissolution in the electrolyte.
The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Positive Dementia Screen in American Older Adults

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to higher risk of common conditions driving mortality in adulthood, but little evidence exists on whether ACEs are associated with risk of dementia, a leading cause of death in the USA. To estimate the relationship between US adults’ reported ACE scores and a positive screen for dementia. Cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal, national population-based survey of US older adults. Survey respondents aged ≥ 65 years with dementia screening data from the 2017 wave of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and ACE scores from the 2014 PSID Childhood Retrospective Circumstances Survey supplement (1,488 eligible participants unweighted). Dementia screening data was collected in the 2017 wave of the PSID using the 8-item informant interview to differentiate normal cognition and dementia (AD8). Mean change in AD8 score and probability of a positive dementia screen by ACE score were calculated using adjusted regression models with post-estimation. Analyses were stratified by age group. Measures were analyzed in 2020. Complete data were available for 1,223 (82%) participants, with a mean age of 73.4 years (SD 7.1, range 65 to 96 years). Adjusted estimated probability of a positive dementia screen increased with each additional adverse childhood experience reported. Older adults with ≥ 4 ACEs had higher rates of a positive dementia screen (AD8 score ≥ 2 points) compared to those with no ACEs (adjusted rate 26.6% versus 16.3%, p = 0.034). Compared to those with no ACE history, respondents with ≥ 4 ACEs had higher odds of a 1-point increase in AD8 score across all intervals of the AD8 scale (aOR 1.79, 95% CI 1.05–3.04). The ACE-positive dementia screen associations were strongest among those aged 65–75. Greater exposure to ACEs is independently associated with higher probability of a positive dementia screen in older adulthood.
Exploiting Sub-Ångstrom Abilities:

This contribution reviews the current status of sub Angstrom electron microscopy. High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) are considered and compared for imaging applications. While both techniques provide comparable sub Angstrom resolution around 0.8A noise levels and chemical discrimination are dissimilar, which result in complementary characteristics for the detection of different elements. In particular, the ability to detect single atoms benefits greatly from the ongoing resolution enhancement and corrections of lens aberrations. As a result it is feasible aiming at single atom analyses in three dimensions.
Morphology-dependent resonance at small size parameter

Summary form only given. Morphology-dependent resonances (MDR) have previously been observed in dye-doped microdroplets above size parameter 30. We report a novel laser trapping technique which allows manipulation of droplets as small as 50 nm radius, and observations of cavity quantum enhanced MDR between size parameter 10 to 30. Below size parameter 15, we observe an increase in MDR linewidth and corresponding decrease in peak intensity with decreasing size parameter.
EDUCAÇÃO, TRABALHO E EMANCIPAÇÃO EM DURKHEIM E MARX EDUCATION, LABOR END EMANCIPATION DURKHEIM AND MARX

O principal objetivo do presente artigo e resgatar, de forma comparativa, as contribuicoes de Durkheim e Marx sobre a educacao e o trabalho. Partir-se-a do pressuposto de que esses autores apresentam pontos divergentes e convergentes no que diz respeito a analise da educacao e da categoria trabalho como elementos de emancipacao. Diante dos desafios de os analisar e comparar, o proposito maior e responder as seguintes questoes: a) Como Durkheim e Marx concebiam a educacao e o trabalho? b) Quais os pontos divergentes e convergentes no que tange a questao da educacao e do trabalho como elementos de emancipacao humana? Palavras-Chave: Educacao. Trabalho. Emancipacao humana. Abstract The main objective of this paper is to rescue, comparatively, the contributions of Durkheim and Marx on education and work. It is assumed that these authors present divergent and convergent standpoints with respect to the analysis of education and work category as elements of emancipation. In face of the challenge of analyzing and comparing these thinkers, the main purpose is to answer the following questions: a) How did Marx and Durkheim see education and work? b) What are the divergent and convergent standpoints with respect to the issue of education and work as elements of human emancipation? Keywords: Education. Employment. Human emancipation.
Autonomous Heterogeneous Computing - Some Open Problems

The integration of heterogeneous operating systems is, in practice, at best at its very beginning and still far from being materialized in its full potential. The subject involves a wide spectrum of issues, including those related to the semantics of functions, to security and to system management. In this paper we will identify some missing functions in each of these areas to prove that there is a significant demand for research, standardization and software extensions.
The Nervous Liberals: Propaganda Anxieties from World War I to the Cold War

(2000). The Nervous Liberals: Propaganda Anxieties from World War I to the Cold War. History: Reviews of New Books: Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 53-54.
Physicians' Health Study (PHS)

The United States Physicians' Health Study I was a landmark randomized trial of primary prevention because it was conducted entirely by mail, used a prerandomization run-in, collected prerandomization blood specimens, used a 2 × 2 factorial design to test two hypotheses, had very high compliance to the assigned treatments, and had virtually complete morbidity and mortality data after 12 years of treatment and follow-up. PHS I was funded by the National Institutes of Health and enrolled 22,071 male physicians aged 40 to 84 years at baseline in 1982. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial tested primarily the effects of aspirin on cardiovascular disease and beta carotene on cancer. After 5 years of treatment and follow-up, based on the unanimous recommendation of the independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board, the randomized aspirin component was terminated early mainly because of the emergence of a statistically extreme (P < 0.00001) 44% reduction in first myocardial infarction among those assigned to aspirin. After 12 years of treatment and follow-up, the beta carotene arm ended on schedule and produced no significant overall evidence of benefit or harm either on cancer or cardiovascular disease. Keywords: Physicians' Health Study I; aspirin; myocardial infarction; beta carotene; cancer
Interactive Visualization of Large High-Dimensional Datasets

Nowadays many companies and public organizations use powerful database systems for collecting and managing information. Huge amount of data records are often accumulated within a short period of time. Valuable information is embedded in these data, which could help discover interesting knowledge and significantly assist in decision-making process. However, human beings are not capable of understanding so many data records which often have lots of attributes. The need for automated knowledge extraction is widely recognized, and leads to a rapidly developing market of data analysis and knowledge discovery tools.
Chromatography, Size Exclusion

Introduction Basic Principle Lexicon Materials Equipment Packing Materials Applications Analysis Separations Process Variables Plate Theory Relation of Size to Sieving Transport Issues Dependence of Separation Parameters on Operating Variables Considerations for Large Scale General Strategies Scale-Up Guidelines Summary Bibliography Keywords: desalting; excluded volume; large scale; packing materials; purification; resolution
A search for thermosynthesis: starvation survival in thermally cycled bacteria

In a pioneering study experimental evidence was sought of thermosynthesis, a theoretical biological mechanism for free energy gain from thermal cycling that has been invoked as energy source for the origin of life. A PCR machine applied thermal cycling to the K12 strain of Escherichia coli. The viability of this organism during starvation was determined at cyclic and at constant temperature. The found increase in the viability counts during the first days of starvation is consistent with thermosynthesis. The scattering in the results is however large. Further research is needed to proof that the increase is indeed due to a thermosynthesis process.
The relationship of season of birth to asthma and allergy in urban African American children from 10 to 13 years of age.

Objectives. To assess the relationship between season of birth and presence of asthma and allergy in preteen, low-income, African American children. Methods. The study consisted of a self-administered survey followed by telephone interviews of parents of children attending 19 middle schools in Detroit, Michigan. Out of 4194 children, 1292 were identified with asthma and 962 parents of these children provided informed consent and took part in telephone interviews. Results. No statistically significant relationships were observed between season of birth and diagnosis of asthma (p > .05) or with diagnosis adjusting for income, age, gender, parent’s education, or parent being a smoker (p > .05). No statistically significant association was evident between season of birth and presence of allergy (p > .05) or with allergy adjusting for the above variables (p > .05). Conclusions. Identifying children vulnerable to problems with asthma and allergy, especially in populations exhibiting high prevalence of the condi...
The effects of dietary energy restriction on overloaded skeletal muscle in rats.

We evaluated the effects of three levels of energy intake, 73 % (CON73), 81 % (CON81) and 100 % (CON 100) of the ad libitum intake of the control diet, on skeletal muscle growth induced by functional overload in male rats. Unlike most previous studies which have employed chronic or acute food restriction where all nutrients are reduced in the diet, the present study tested the effects of energy deprivation as a single factor without inducing other nutritional deficiencies. Muscular growth of plantaris and soleus muscles was induced by removal of synergist gastrocnemius muscles in one hindlimb; muscles in the other leg were used as sham-operated intra-animal controls. After 30 d, rats on the energy-restricted CON73 and CON81 diets gained less weight and had smaller livers, kidneys, hearts and fat pads (epididymal, retroperitoneal and omental) than CON100 rats (P < 0.05). They also had smaller sham-operated plantaris muscles (CON73 -13 %, CON81 -9 %) containing less total protein (CON73 -14 %; CON81 - 10 %) than CON100 rats (P < 0.05). However, the same measurements in overloaded plantaris muscles were similar among groups. Soleus muscle mass and protein contents were not significantly affected by energy restriction in our study. Percentage distributions of myosin heavy-chain isoforms (types I, IIa, IIx and IIb) were similar among rats in CON100, CON81 and CON73 groups for both plantaris and soleus muscles. We conclude that the growth reduction of plantaris muscle induced by energy restriction at 73 % and 81 % for 30 d was prevented by functional overload in male rats.
Preferential sequestration in vitro of BCR/ABL negative hematopoietic progenitor cells among cytokine nonresponsive CML marrow CD34+ cells

It is believed that long-term cultures of CML marrow cells favor the outgrowth of BCR/ABL negative hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) and that this phenomenon may be enhanced with negative hematopoietic regulators which can maintain primitive HPC in a quiescent state. Proliferation of CML marrow CD34+ cells in primary short-term cultures, maintained in the presence or absence of macrophage inhibitory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha), was tracked with the membrane dye PKH2. After 7 to 10 days it was possible to distinguish between cytokine responsive (CR) CD34+ cells (cells which had divided thus becoming PKH2dim) and cytokine nonresponsive (CNR) CD34+ cells (cells which had not divided and had therefore remained PKH2bright). CR and CNR CD34+ cells were isolated by flow cytometric cell sorting, seeded in secondary long-term cultures, and their progeny cells assayed weekly for their clonogenic progenitor cell content and expression of BCR/ABL by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Whereas CNR cells isolated from control primary cultures (control/CNR) sustained in vitro hematopoiesis, similar cells from cultures treated with MIP-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha/CNR) supported a higher and, in some patients, a more extended production of clonogenic HPC, indicating that MIP-1 alpha was able to maintain primitive HPC in a quiescent state. Predominance of BCR/ABL negative progenitors in vitro was more evident in secondary cultures initiated with CNR cells than in those initiated with CR cells, especially those established with MIP-1 alpha/CNR cells. Of interest is the observed decline in the percentage of BCR/ABL+ progenitors in these cultures with time. Whereas up to 100% of progenitors were BCR/ABL+ on day 0, by day 14, only 46% of progenitors in MIP-1 alpha/CNR secondary cultures were BCR/ABL+ and by day 28 and beyond, the percentage of BCR/ABL+ progenitors dropped to below 20%. These results suggest that the quiescent nature of normal HPC present in CML marrow may favor their identification via cell tracking and, subsequently, their isolation from the more actively cycling leukemic cells. These studies also confirm the feasibility of employing negative hematopoietic regulators to augment the sequestration of normal HPC among the cytokine nonresponsive fraction of CD34+ cells, an approach that may be clinically feasible for autotransplantation.
Lack of polymerization of fluorinated acrylates

Abstract trans -Ethyl 3-fluoroacrylate and ethyl 2-methyl-3,3-difluoroacrylate do not undergo radical initiated polymerization. They form 1:1 adducts with α-alkoxy radicals in high yield.
Activity at Santa Maria volcano in Guatemala

Attention was again directed to the volcanic area of Central America and emphasis was laid on the opportunity presented in this region for carrying out a coordinated research on the problems of volcanology. The various volcanic centers are reasonably accessible and are not far removed from the laboratories that are interested in the analytical and synthetical phases of the problems. The manifestations are confined to a relatively small area and are sufficiently varied so that comparative studies can be made in the field. A fine opportunity therefore exists for coordinating work in the laboratory and in the field. All students interested in volcanological phenomena must admit that the study of volcanism is as yet only in the descriptive stage; there is no generally accepted theory to account for volcanic activity nor does an empirical background exist on which to base such a theory.
A Tale of Two Green Lists

The SPECpower benchmark and the Green500 list make it possible to track energy-efficiency gains in both servers and supercomputers.
Comparison of nutrient-use efficiency and biomass production in five tropical tree taxa

Abstract Casuarina equisetifolia, Albizia procera, Eucalyptus robusta and two varieties of Leucaena leucocephala (K8 and P.R.) were grown for 5.5 years in an experimental plantation in the Lajas Valley of Puerto Rico (18°N, 67°W). Rates of biomass accumulation were high, resulting in correspondingly high rates of nutrient accumulation in harvestable biomass. A comparison among species and among tissue types within species indicated that nutrient-use efficiency for N, P, K, Ca and Mg varied widely among species (ranging up to 10-fold differences) and tissues (up to 15-fold). With the highest growth rate, Casuarina was most efficient in using nutrients (N, P, K and Mg) to build biomass. With a quarter of Casuarina's growth rate, Leucaena K8 was the least efficient (N, K, Ca and Mg). For most of the studied nutrients, stem wood and large branches were the most nutrient-efficient tissue, followed by small branches, bark and then leaves. Nutrients stored in the litter layer below these species varied up to three-fold among species. Using a variety of species and biomass harvest scenarios, this study demonstrated the potential for significant alterations in the high rates of nutrient removal associated with short-rotation, intensively managed plantations.
1H NMR Spectral Simplification with Achiral and Chiral Lanthanide Shift Reagents. Ethchlorvynol. Novel Behavior of a Terminal Alkyne with Ag(I) - Lanthanide Binuclear Shift Reagent

Abstract The 60 MHz 1H NMR spectra of racemic ethchlorvynol, 1, have been studied at 28° in CDCl3 solution with the achiral reagent tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionato)europium(III).
Blunt-Body Problem in Nonuniform Flowfields

An investigation has been made to study the influence of a nonuniform freestream on blunt-body flowfields. Two different classes of shear flows are considered here, i.e., jet and wake flows. The blunt-body inviscid flow and boundary-layer structure with real-gas properties are examined. Results based on a Navier-Stokes model also are reported. Numerical results indicate that the freestream nonuniformity can alter the blunt-body flow properties significantly. The physical implication of this flow nonuniformity upon ground test data interpretation, flow instability and heating augmentation in debris erosion environments, and pulsating flow on indented nosetips is discussed.