cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Nature of Work — The Western Front

The men of the AIF identified Europe as their primary destination. The pyramids of Cairo and the streets of London had simply been a sideshow to what many saw as the ‘real war’ in France and Belgium. Those who had enlisted to do a job were prepared to arrive where the ‘real work’ was being done. On the final boat to France and on the trains up to the front lines those fresh recruits who had not experienced combat on Gallipoli, known at the time as the ‘new chums’, anxiously waited for their big chance to see some action and prove themselves as soldiers worthy of the AIF. But for all their excitement and anticipation, the ‘real thing’ came as a terrible shock to these men. The new recruits soon realised upon passing the mass graves of the war dead that this was no adventure. If the harsh reality of their situation was not grasped during their military training, then it was certainly realised upon their first experience in the trenches.1 In addition, Australian soldiers came to realise within several weeks of their arrival in France that their daily duties revolved not around fighting, as they had expected, but around work, particularly manual labour.
Neural network prediction of severe lower intestinal bleeding and the need for surgical intervention.

Abstract Background The prognosis for patients with severe acute lower intestinal bleeding (ALIB) may be assessed by complex artificial neural networks (ANNs) or user-friendly regression-based models. Comparisons between these modalities are limited, and predicting the need for surgical intervention remains elusive. We hypothesized that ANNs would outperform the Strate rule to predict severe bleeding and would also predict the need for surgical intervention. Methods We performed a 4-y retrospective analysis of 147 adult patients who underwent endoscopy, angiography, or surgery for ALIB. Baseline characteristics, Strate risk factors, management parameters, and outcomes were analyzed. The primary outcomes were severe bleeding and surgical intervention. ANNs were created in SPSS. Models were compared by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) with 95% confidence intervals. Results The number of Strate risk factors for each patient correlated significantly with the outcome of severe bleeding (r = 0.29, P Conclusions The Strate prediction rule effectively stratified risk for severe ALIB, but was less accurate than an ANN. A separate ANN accurately predicted the need for surgery by combining risk factors for severe bleeding with parameters quantifying blood loss. Optimal prognostication may be achieved by integrating pragmatic regression-based calculators for quick decisions at the bedside and highly accurate ANNs when time and resources permit.
Hadron spectrum for quenched domain-wall fermions with DBW2 gauge action

Abstract We investigate basic physical quantities for quenched simulation with domain-wall fermions and the DBW2 gauge action. Masses and decay constant of pseudoscalar mesons are measured. Scaling properties are tested.
Confronting Negative Narratives: The Challenges of Teaching Professional Social Media Use:

Because social media skills are increasingly viewed as essential for professionals, social media is incorporated frequently in business communication courses. When students are asked to consider professional uses of social media, however, they are often unwilling to critically engage these technologies. This article continues discussions of students’ reticence due largely to negative cultural narratives that label social media as unprofessional, or that link social media only with reputation management. Using student interviews and writing from a social media writing course, I discuss challenges posed by students’ adherence to these narratives and conclude with five suggestions for implementing social media successfully.
PET/CT in Lymphoma: Current Overview and Future Directions

Over the past several decades, PET has emerged as critical to accurate staging and restaging of lymphomas. Nonetheless, a number of critical issues regarding its optimal use remain. Whereas risk-adapted strategies appear to improve the outcome of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, results are less convincing in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Assessment of metabolic tumor volume before treatment may permit novel induction strategies. New drugs that may induce an immune response may result in a false-positive FDG/PET scan, mandating modifications of current criteria to consider tumor flare reactions. Application of PET may be improved by integration of biomarker studies and a better understanding of the role of the microenvironment. Methods to improve the integration of FDG/PET enhance its role in the management of patients with lymphoma, leading to improved patient outcome.
Phosphorus: Physiology, Dietary Sources, and Requirements

Phosphorus (P) as a nutrient is obtained from foods as either inorganic ions (Pi) or organic molecules (Po). Inorganic ions are absorbed at a high efficiency by the absorbing cells of the small intestine. The serum concentration of Pi is regulated mainly by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF 23). The kidney is the site of control of both hormones for increasing the excretion of Pi. Excessive consumption of Pi from processed foods foods that contain added phosphate may lower serum calcium and stimulate PTH secretion which acts on bone to increase serum calcium and kidney to increase Pi excretion and calcium retention. Though not established by long-term studies, the chronic action of PTH may contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis.
Effects of wildfire on floral display size and pollinator community reduce outcrossing rate in a plant with a mixed mating system

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Wildfire changes the demography, morphology, and behavior of plants, and may alter the pollinator community. Such trait changes may drastically alter the outcome of pollination mutualisms on plants; however, the direct role of fire on these mutualisms is poorly known. METHODS Following a pair of fires in the northern California coast range chaparral, we censused floral visitor communities of Trichostema laxum (Lamiaceae), quantified visiting bee behavior, and estimated outcrossing rates using a widespread Mendelian recessive floral polymorphism across a matrix of populations in burned and unburned sites. We also compared pre- and postfire floral visitation in two populations. RESULTS Outcrossing rates were significantly lower in burned areas; however, our data suggest that the much larger size of plants in burned areas, not burn status itself, drove this pattern. Large-bodied bees dominated floral visitor communities after fire, likely recruiting to the abundant postfire floral resources. These bees visited more flowers per plant than did the smaller bees prevalent before fire and in unburned areas, likely increasing selfing through geitonogamy (within-plant pollination), an effect made possible by the far larger size of plants in burned areas. CONCLUSIONS Outcrossing rates dropped substantially after wildfires because of changes in the pollinators, plant display size, and their interactions. Reductions in outcrossing following fire may have important implications for population resilience and evolution in a changing climate with more frequent fires.
Using the Relational Coordination Instrument With a Diverse Patient Sample.

BACKGROUND The Relational Coordination (RC) instrument has been used extensively in the context of health care interprofessional coordination. However, the instrument's applicability to patient experiences of their interactions with professionals is largely untested. OBJECTIVES This study's objectives were to determine: (1) whether the RC instrument could be modified for phone administration to yield internally consistent results when used with a diverse group of patients with complex health needs; and (2) whether the RC factor was invariant across patients of differing education, levels of emotional problems, race, and ethnicity, thereby showing similar interpretation of items across these groups. RESEARCH DESIGN The RC instrument was administered through a phone survey to patients in Texas (n=346) who reported receiving care coordination. Data collection occurred between 2014 and 2016. Cronbach α coefficients and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine whether the original set of RC items could be used for phone surveys with patients. Factorial invariance testing was used to assess how consistently the instrument was interpreted across patient subgroups. RESULTS The RC scale generally met acceptable α statistic and confirmatory factor analysis thresholds for internal consistency. Factorial invariance results indicated that the scale also generally performed consistently across patient subgroups. CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary evidence that the RC instrument can be used for surveying diverse patient populations. Future use of this instrument with patients can better reflect their experiences as partners with professionals in improving their health.
Coordinated protein and DNA conformational changes govern mismatch repair initiation by MutS

MutS homologs identify base-pairing errors made in DNA during replication and initiate their repair. In the presence of adenosine triphosphate, MutS induces DNA bending upon mismatch recognition and subsequently undergoes conformational transitions that promote its interaction with MutL to signal repair. In the absence of MutL, these transitions lead to formation of a MutS mobile clamp that can move along the DNA. Previous single-molecule FRET (smFRET) studies characterized the dynamics of MutS DNA-binding domains during these transitions. Here, we use protein-DNA and DNA-DNA smFRET to monitor DNA conformational changes, and we use kinetic analyses to correlate DNA and protein conformational changes to one another and to the steps on the pathway to mobile clamp formation. The results reveal multiple sequential structural changes in both MutS and DNA, and they suggest that DNA dynamics play a critical role in the formation of the MutS mobile clamp. Taking these findings together with data from our previous studies, we propose a unified model of coordinated MutS and DNA conformational changes wherein initiation of mismatch repair is governed by a balance of DNA bending/unbending energetics and MutS conformational changes coupled to its nucleotide binding properties.
IMPROVED SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH TRANSTHYRETIN AMYLOID CARDIOMYOPATHY WITH INOTERSEN (TTR SPECIFIC ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE)

Transthyretin (TTR) cardiomyopathy is a fatal disease that results from either genetic mutations in TTR (ATTRm) or occurs sporadically in older individuals without a mutation (ATTRwt). Median survival after diagnosis is 2-4 years without treatment. Inotersen (Tegsedi™), a TTR specific antisense
Comorbid Depressive Symptoms and Chronic Medical Conditions Among US Chinese Older Adults

Objectives The prevalence and health consequences of comorbid depressive symptoms (DSs) and chronic medical conditions (CMCs) among older ethnic minority populations remain poorly understood. To bridge this gap, the present cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of comorbid DS-CMC and the association between such comorbidity and health services use among US Chinese older adults. Design and setting Data were from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (N = 3157). The relationship between comorbid DS-CMC and health service use (ie, emergency department [ED] visits and hospitalizations) was investigated by stratifying the sample into four groups: (1) neither DSs nor CMCs (ie, heart disease, stroke, cancer, high cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, hip fraction, thyroid, and osteoarthritis); (2) DSs only; (3) CMCs only; and (4) comorbid DS-CMC. Multivariate negative binomial regression models were conducted to determine the relationship between comorbid DS-CMC and health service use. Results Participants were 73 years old on average. The prevalence of comorbid DSs ranged between 0.7% and 4.6% across various CMCs. The odds of DSs were at least twice as high among US Chinese older adults with CMCs than those without the various conditions. Compared with US Chinese older adults with neither DSs nor CMCs, those with comorbid DS-CMC had more ED visits (rate ratio [RR] = 3.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.03-5.42) and hospitalizations (RR = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.95-4.97). Conclusion Recognition and treatment of comorbid DS-CMC warrant increased policy and clinical attention. The findings underscore the potential need to develop effective services targeting DSs among US Chinese older adults with CMCs. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S545-S550, 2019.
Mild thermal stress affects Steinernema carpocapsae infective juvenile survival but not protein content

Abstract Steinernema nematodes and their Xenorhabdus symbionts are a malleable model system to study mutualistic relations. One of the advantages they possess is their ability to be disassociated under in vitro rearing conditions. Various in vitro methods have been developed to produce symbiont colonized and aposymbiotic (symbiont-free) nematodes. Until now, there has been no investigation on how in vitro rearing conditions may have an impact on the storage ability and the protein content of the infective juvenile at different storage temperatures. Thus, in this study, we investigated how infective juvenile longevity and protein content are impacted when the nematodes were reared with two in vitro methods (lipid and liver kidney agar) considering colonized and uncolonized nematodes, and under two different temperatures: 15 °C and 20 °C (mild stress). Infective juveniles reared in vitro (with or without their symbionts) had lower 8-week survival rates. No in vitro reared, colonized IJs survived to the desired 16-week time point. Survival of infective juveniles stored under mild stress temperature (20 °C) was lower than that observed at 15 °C. However, when comparing the interaction between rearing condition and storage temperature, there were not significant differences. With respect to protein content, in vivo, colonized infective juveniles maintained a static protein content over time, suggesting symbiont colonization may influence protein metabolism and/or turnover in infective juveniles.
Entomopathogenic fungi (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) infecting bark lice (Psocoptera) in Dominican and Baltic amber.

Ophiocordyceps dominicanus Poinar & Vega sp. nov. in Dominican amber and Polycephalomyces baltica Poinar & Vega sp. nov. (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) in Baltic amber are described as entomop...
Tissue engineering: Liver

Various attempts have been made to support animals and patients with liver insufficiency, utilizing various extracorporeal support systems including cross-circulation, whole liver blood perfusion, hemadsorption, hemodialysis, plasma exchange, total body washout, use of microsomal enzymes bound to artificial carriers and others [1]. However, none of these therapeutic modalities succeeded in gaining wide clinical acceptance.
Photoredox cross-electrophile coupling in DNA-encoded chemistry

Abstract A catalytic manifold that enables photoredox cross-electrophile coupling of alkyl bromides with DNA-tagged aryl iodides in aqueous solution is presented. This metallaphotoredox transformation was aided by the identification of a new pyridyl bis(carboxamidine) ligand, which proved critical to the nickel catalytic cycle. The described C(sp2)-C(sp3) coupling tolerates a wide range of both DNA-tagged aryl iodides as well as alkyl bromides. Importantly, this reaction was optimized for parallel synthesis, which is a paramount prerequisite for the preparation of combinatorial libraries, by using a 96-well plate-compatible blue LED array as the light source. Therefore, this mild and DNA-compatible transformation is well positioned for the construction of DNA-encoded libraries.
Multi stage and illumination dependent segregation in MAPb(I,Br)3

An unsolved problem of mixed halide perovskites is the light induced compositional instability. Under illumination microscopic clusters with a higher iodide content form which act as efficient recombination centers reducing device performance. In photoluminescence measurements this leads to the development of a secondary peak at low energies that increases in intensity and shifts towards lower energies. Different theories for about the origin have been developed but the underlying key mechanisms are still under debate. In the presented study the photoluminescence evolution of MAPb(I1.5Br1.5) perovskites with varying microstructure is investigated at various excitation densities and temperatures. We find a more evolved segregation mechanism with an intermediate stage between the commonly reported mixed phase and the appearance of the I-rich clusters (Br content < 50%). In this intermediate stage perovskite domains with nearly pure iodide content form (Br content < 25%). Using low excitation densities, the interplay between the I-rich domains and the I-rich clusters leads to a blue shift of the conjunct I-rich luminescence peak. At high excitation densities the I-rich domains and the I-rich clusters are clearly distinguishable, due to a stronger PL response of the I-rich domains. With continuous illumination more I-rich cluster form acting as carrier traps and recombination centers. Due to this, the influence of the few I-rich domains on the PL signature decreases leaving only the commonly reported red shift of the I-rich clusters at later stages of the segregation. The formation of the I-rich domains is fully reversible in the dark and occurs also at elevated temperatures. Measurements on sample with varying grain size further indicate an enhanced formation of those I-rich domains on samples with high grain boundary density possibly by a faster halide mobility along them.
Does urbanization influence population trends of cavity-nesting birds and their relationship with European starlings?

Abstract European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in North America often achieve high densities in urban regions and compete with other cavity-nesting species for nest sites, including the rapidly declining red-headed woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus). However, at a continental scale, European starling populations are unrelated to trends in red-headed woodpeckers. To assess whether urbanization influences population trends of cavity-nesting bird species and the relationship between European starlings and other cavity-nesting birds, we compared population patterns within the highly urbanized region of Cook County, Illinois, USA (which encompasses the city of Chicago) with data from surrounding rural counties. We used data from the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and the Christmas Bird Count (CBC) spanning 1970–2017, and i) quantified population trends of 19 cavity-nesting species, and ii) examined the patterns of relationships of each of these species with European starlings. Models fit to population trends over time with a variable for urban/rural location included were selected over models without urban/rural location for 14/17 species in the BBS and 14/15 species in the CBC. Starlings showed population declines in both urban and rural BBS and in urban CBC, while they increased in the rural CBC. Red-headed woodpecker populations declined across every survey set and location. Contrary to predictions, the counts of some species in surveys were significantly positively correlated with European starling population trends, while none were significantly negatively correlated. Our findings suggest that urban and rural locations add information to population trends of cavity-nesting species, and that European starlings have little negative impact on cavity-nesting birds in either rural or urban locations, suggesting that habitat loss and other factors are likely greater impacts on red-headed woodpeckers and other members of the cavity-nesting guild.
Fine-Grained Re-Identification.

Research into the task of re-identification (ReID) is picking up momentum in computer vision for its many use cases and zero-shot learning nature. This paper proposes a computationally efficient fine-grained ReID model, FGReID, which is among the first models to unify image and video ReID while keeping the number of training parameters minimal. FGReID takes advantage of video-based pre-training and spatial feature attention to improve performance on both video and image ReID tasks. FGReID achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) on MARS, iLIDS-VID, and PRID-2011 video person ReID benchmarks. Eliminating temporal pooling yields an image ReID model that surpasses SOTA on CUHK01 and Market1501 image person ReID benchmarks. The FGReID achieves near SOTA performance on the vehicle ReID dataset VeRi as well, demonstrating its ability to generalize. Additionally we do an ablation study analyzing the key features influencing model performance on ReID tasks. Finally, we discuss the moral dilemmas related to ReID tasks, including the potential for misuse. Code for this work is publicly available at https: //github.com/ppriyank/Fine-grained-ReIdentification.
Connectivism for writing pedagogy: Strategic networked approaches to promote international collaborations and intercultural learning

Abstract Learning today is supported and made complex by ubiquitous technologies. To prepare students for global workforce and intercultural exchange, writing pedagogy must incorporate strategic networked learning approaches. In this article, we present three examples of international collaborations and intercultural learning by the means of connectivism—a learning theory for the digital age. Through assessing student projects and reviewing student and instructor feedback, we demonstrate the uses and implications of connectivism for writing pedagogy.
Global Compensation : Foundations and Perspectives

1 The Influence of Institutional and Cultural Factors on Compensation Practices Around the World 2. National Differences in Compensation 3. Universal and national norms for Organizational Compensation Ethics 4. Performance Measurement Issues, Incentive Application and Globalization 5. Contracting for Success in the Era of globalization 6. Incentives to stimulate innovation in a global context 7. Executive Compensation in an International Context 8. Shareholders' value maximization and stakeholders' interest 9. A Global Perspective on Executive Compensation 10. The Global Convergence of Compensation Practices 11. Compensation and National Culture 12. Pay for Performance for Global Employees 13. Global Wages in Industries with Low Entry Barrier Occupations 14. Employee Benefits Around the World 15 Explaining High U.S. CEO Pay in a Global Context 16. Beyond Financial Performance
Web-Based Learning Environments

The World Wide Web is the world's largest and most flexible repository of educational material, providing resources varying from simple libraries to fully integrated and intelligent applications. Several higher education institutions provide free distribution of their online materials through open web educational resources. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) freely distributes OpenCourseWare (OCW) materials for educators, students, and self-learners around the world. Similarly, the Open Learning Initiative (OLI) at Carnegie Mellon University provides free online instruction comparable to full semester courses. Courses provide access to expository text, simulations, case studies, comprehension tests, and intelligent tutors. Many web-based instructional systems borrow features from standalone intelligent tutors; they model student knowledge and track student learning on the web. A coherent structure of coordinated educational resources is emerging on the web. This structure, Education Space , includes instructional resources processed by machines on a global scale. The space extends the diversity, and broader impact of instruction globally, making it more available to the underserved, and those not helped by traditional education. Education Space is an infrastructure in which new applications are being constantly invented and deployed. Networking capability, based on optical fiber, doubles every 9 months, whereas microprocessor capability based on memory capacity and processor speed, doubles only every 18 months.
Implementation of interconnective systems

This paper proposes a systematic strategy for the automated implementation of mixed constraint- and input-output-based representations of signal processing systems. Examples of the strategy are provided in synthesizing algorithms derived from signal-flow graphs having delay-free loops, as well as in performing automated system inversion. An algorithm that follows the strategy, and which has been deployed online as part of an edX course, is discussed in greater focus. Sensitivity analysis of systems designed using the algorithm is provided.
The Death Penalty as the Answer to Crime: Costly, Counterproductive and Corrupting

I appreciate the opportunity to make some remarks about capital punishment and about the crime debate in our country today. Unfortunately, what is called a crime debate is really no debate at all, but an unseemly competition among politicians to show how tough they are on crime by supporting harsher penalties and less due process. The death penalty and long prison sentences are being put forward as an answer to the problem of violent crime. This approach is expensive and counter productive. It is corrupting the courts and diverting our efforts from the important problems of racial prejudice, poverty, violence and crime. It is not making our streets any safer.The power of government is increasingly being used to wage class warfare top down against the poorest and the most powerless people in our society: immigrants, women and children who are on welfare, and those who are accused of crimes. These people have no lobby and no ability to influence legislation or the decision makers in government. They have no political action committee. Unlike Rupert Murdock, they cannot drop by and meet with the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives while he is contemplating a book deal. Their only protection against the passions of the moment is the Bill of Rights.The Bill of Rights is becoming a casualty of the war on the poor. There has been very little discussions of the consequences to our society. The United States Congress, in the first one hundred days after the Republican takeover with the “Contract with America,” behaved much like the legislatures in Georgia or Alabama, where bills are often passed without hearings, without a great deal of opposition, without much debate, and without the members being informed about what they are voting on.In the discussion of crime measures, the Bill of Rights is dismissed as nothing more than a collection of “technicalities” which burden law enforcement. The war against drugs has all but eliminated the Fourth Amendment’s protection from unreasonable searches and seizures from the Constitution. Police departments and law enforcement agencies all across the country have become corrupted, but we have very little to show for this effort in terms of having reduced the amount of drug use in this society. Now, those who profess to be our leaders are talking about a broader war, the war on crime, that will be waged at a much greater cost.
Cooling of Moist Air

As mentioned in the historical review of Chapter I, it has been known for over 150 years that only cooling by expansion of humid air during its ascent can provide clouds with sufficient condensed water to account for the observed amounts of precipitation. It is our main purpose in this chapter to describe the essentials of this thermodynamic cooling process. This will provide us with the minimum necessary mathematical framework for describing the background environmental (cloud) conditions of temperature, pressure, and humidity which control the rate of activation and subsequent diffusional growth of a representative population of cloud particles.
Sub-Doppler optical-optical double-resonance spectroscopy of BaO: Electronic structure in the 4-eV region

Abstract Vibronic levels of BaO with energies in the 4-eV region are observed by cw dye laser optical-optical double-resonance (OODR) spectroscopy. Sub-Doppler, 0.003-cm−1-precision OODR spectra of the C1Σ+-A1Σ+ (1,0), (2,1), and (3,1) bands are recorded and rotationally analyzed, and numerous perturbations detected in the C1Σ+ state are partially analyzed. Broad bandwidth, 0.2-cm−1-precision, cw dye laser OODR spectra of the C1Σ+-A1Σ+ (0,0) and (4,2) bands as well as the (3,2), (4,2), (5,3), and (6,3) bands of a new D1Σ+-A1Σ+ system are obtained and rotationally analyzed. Additional bandheads and several new but incompletely characterized electronic states, B1Π, E1Σ+, and c( 3 Π 0 ) , are also reported. Spectroscopic constants determined for C1Σ+ and D1Σ+ are: C 1 Σ + D 1 Σ + T e ( cm −1 ) 32 872.7 (30) 32 835 (6) ω e ( cm −1 ) 436.0 (8) 403.6 (28) ω e x e ( cm −1 ) 0.90 (16) 3.8 (3) ω e y e ( cm −1 ) 0.041 (10) — B e ( cm −1 ) 0.2397 (6) 0.2197 (20) α e ( cm −1 ) 0.00270 (18) 0.0015 (4) R e ( A ) 2.2151 (28) 2.314 (10) Quantitites in parentheses are 1σ uncertainties in the last digit.
A collision tumor of papillary renal cell carcinoma and oncocytoma: case report and literature review.

Objectives The most common renal neoplasms include clear cell, chromophobe, and papillary renal cell carcinomas (PRCCs) and oncocytomas. While lesions containing hybrid features of different tumor types, such as hybrid oncocytic tumors, have been well documented in the literature, the finding of a collision tumor of two distinct tumor types— PRCC and oncocytoma—is extremely rare. Methods We present a case of PRCC associated with an oncocytoma. Our discussion includes a review of the available literature on this rare type of collision tumor. Results Prosection of a partial nephrectomy performed in a 78-year-old man for painless gross hematuria and nocturia revealed a 6.4 × 5 × 3.6-cm well-delineated orange to yellow-tan mass harboring a white-tan 1 × 0.9 × 0.9-cm mass. Histologic diagnosis of PRCC associated with an oncocytoma was rendered. By immunohistochemistry, focal CK7 expression was present in the oncocytoma, while strong diffuse positive CK7 expression was present in the PRCC component. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed trisomy 17 in 39.3% of PRCC tumor nuclei but no significant chromosomal aberration in oncocytoma. Conclusions In view of this and previously reported cases, thorough sectioning and examination, especially in large oncocytomas, is recommended to exclude the presence of an associated malignancy. To our knowledge, trisomy 17 by FISH has not been previously reported in these extremely rare tumors.
Signal separation by integrating adaptive beamforming with blind deconvolution

In this paper, we present a broadband two-microphone blind spatial separation technique by efficiently combining adaptive beam-forming (ABF) with multichannel blind deconvolution (MBD). First, the inaccessible source signal streams are partially identified by simple time-delay steering and then are spatially separated through an MBD structure. The proposed spatio-temporal ABF-MBD algorithm exhibits fast convergence properties and high computational efficiency. Numerical experiments illustrate the practical appeal of the proposed method in separating convolutive mixtures of speech within nearly anechoic and also highly reverberant enclosures.
Boundary conditions in channel coupling array theory

Abstract An article by Levin and Li does not distinguish (1) the fulfillment of boundary conditions from (2) the convergent expansion of expressions that satisfy the boundary conditions, therefore their criticism of my article about truncated CCA is misleading.
Deep Multiple Kernel Learning

Deep learning methods have predominantly been applied to large artificial neural networks. Despite their state-of-the-art performance, these large networks typically do not generalize well to datasets with limited sample sizes. In this paper, we take a different approach by learning multiple layers of kernels. We combine kernels at each layer and then optimize over an estimate of the support vector machine leave-one-out error rather than the dual objective function. Our experiments on a variety of datasets show that each layer successively increases performance with only a few base kernels.
Active and Tunable Plasmonics and Metamaterials

Highly compliant substrates allow generation of actively tunable metamaterials based on split ring resonators with frequency tunability over several resonant linewidths. Applications in sensing and spectroscopy will be discussed.
A simulation model of hydrology and nutrient dynamics in wetlands

Abstract A simulation model of the hydrology and nutrient dynamics in wetlands typical of central and north Florida was developed to predict parameters of water depth, recharge, and surface outflow as well as concentrations of total phosphorus, and three nitrogen species. The hydrological portion of the model predicts hydroperiod and depth of inundation for any elevation, and can be used to establish characteristic hydroperiod for vegetation and associations of species. The nutrient portion of the model can be used to predict water quality within, and quality of surface water outflow from natural wetlands, constructed wetlands, and wetlands receiving treated effluent or storm drainage. Programmed in BASIC for simulation on desktop microcomputers, the model is interactive requiring data input such as wetland type, discharge rate, and the concentrations of nutrients in surface water inflow.
Increased luteinizing hormone and alpha-subunit secretion in women with hyperandrogenic anovulation.

Women with hyperandrogenic anovulation (HAA) have increased circulating levels of LH relative to those of FSH. The cause of this disturbance in gonadotropin secretion is uncertain. Previous investigations have sought to determine if increased GnRH drive is responsible for the excessive LH concentrations. Because previous results have conflicted, we addressed this question by comparing the 24-h secretory patterns of alpha-subunit and LH in women with HAA (n = 9) to those in eumenorrheic women in the midfollicular phase (n = 9). The mean (+/- SEM) pulse frequency was increased in women with HAA compared to that in eumenorrheic women of comparable age and percent ideal body weight for both LH (23.0 +/- 0.7 pulses/24 h vs. 3 17.1 +/- 1.7; P = 0.002) and alpha-subunit (23.0 +/- 0.8 vs. 19.1 +/- 1.2; P = 0.02). LH and alpha-subunit, but not FSH, responses to a submaximal dose of exogenous GnRH were increased in HAA, as were basal LH and alpha-subunit levels (P < 0.01). The present observations provide evidence ...
Two or Three Things I Know about Harun Farocki

I last saw my friend Harun Farocki a few days before the opening of his exhibition at the Hamburger Bahnhof in late January 2014. Astonishingly, this was his first major one-person show in Berlin, a city that he called home and that had shaped his intellectual and artistic sensibility for over half a century. “I should have been born in Berlin,” he muses in his autobiographical “Written Trailers” (2009). Farocki was initially drawn to West Berlin in the early 1960s because the island city had been spared the Wirtschaftswunder (economic miracle) of the 1950s that had reshaped the rest of West Germany. It retained a forlorn rawness, a sense of bohemia, and a countercultural public sphere that attracted hippies, draft dodgers, political outcasts, and artists of all kinds. Farocki was a member of the first Deutsche Film und Fernsehakademie (Berlin Film Academy) class, along with Helke Sander, Holger Meins, and Wolfgang Petersen. He lived in a commune, wrote criticism, and produced relatively obscure agitprop ...
Laser generation and detection of ultrasound in concrete

Laser ultrasonic techniques are used to examine the propagation of ultrasonic waves in concrete. This optical methodology provides a repeatable, broad band generation source and an absolute detection system that does not interfere with the process being monitored. The presence of aggregate, in addition to voids and flaws, can cause wave scattering in concrete. Fast Fourier Transform techniques are used to determine the effect of aggregate size and propagation distance on the frequency content of both surface and body waves. This paper examines the scattering of ultrasonic waves in undamaged concrete and establishes the fundamentals for the application of laser ultrasonics for the material characterization and nondestructive evaluation of concrete.
Systemic immune cell response in rats after pulmonary exposure to manganese-containing particles collected from welding aerosols.

Welding fume inhalation affects the immune system of exposed workers. Manganese (Mn) in welding fume may induce immunosuppressive effects. The goal was to determine if Mn in welding fume alters immunity by reducing the number of circulating total leukocytes and specific leukocyte sub-populations. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated by intratracheal instillation (ITI) with either a single dose (2.00 mg/rat) or repeated doses (0.125 or 2.00 mg/rat for 7 weeks) with welding fumes that contained different levels of Mn. Additional rats were treated by ITI once a week for 7 weeks with the two doses of manganese chloride (MnCl2). Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed to assess lung inflammation. Also, whole blood was recovered, and the number of circulating total leukocytes, as well as specific lymphocyte subsets, was determined by flow cytometry. The welding fume highest in Mn content significantly increased lung inflammation, injury, and production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines compared to all other tre...
Hormone naïve prostate cancer: predicting and maximizing response intervals

Hormone naive advanced prostate cancer is subdivided into two disease states: biochemical recurrence and traditional M1 (metastatic) prostate cancer and characterized by no prior hormonal therapy or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). In biochemical recurrence/prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence, men should be risk-stratified based on their PSA doubling time, the Gleason score and the timing of the recurrence. In general, only men who are at high risk should be considered for early/immediate ADT although this is best done using shared decision with the patient. The type of ADT to be used in biochemical recurrence ranging from oral-only peripheral blockade (peripheral androgen deprivation) to complete hormonal therapy (combined androgen blockade [CAB]) remains in debate owing to lack of randomized controlled trials (RCT). However, there is good RCT support for use of intermittent hormonal therapy (IHT). There is also limited research on biomarker response (PSA and testosterone decline) to predict prognosis. On the other hand, in the setting of M1 hormone naive prostate cancer, there are many more RCT's to inform our decisions. CAB and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists perhaps provide a slight efficacy advantage while IHT may be slightly inferior with minimal M1 disease. The PSA nadir at 7 months after starting ADT is a powerful prognostic tool for M1 patients. There is growing recognition that serum testosterone (T) control while on ADT is linked to the development of castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Especially for a M1 patient, maintaining a serum T below 20-30 ng dl-1 prolongs the response to ADT. Novel oral agents (abiraterone and enzalutamide) may soon find use in hormone naive disease and may alter the treatment landscape. Despite over 75 years of experience with ADT, many questions remain, and the field continues to evolve.
Use of global genomic expression studies to define Gcr1p as a major transcriptional activator

Use of global genomic expression studies to define Gcr1p as a major transcriptional activator
Norovirus disease: changing epidemiology and host susceptibility factors

Noroviruses cause the majority of acute viral gastroenteritis cases that occur worldwide. The increased recognition of noroviruses as the cause of outbreaks and sporadic disease is due to the recent availability of improved norovirus-specific diagnostics. Transmission of these viruses is facilitated by their high prevalence in the community, shedding of infectious virus particles from asymptomatic individuals and the high stability of the virus in the environment. Currently, the spectrum of clinical disease and the understanding of host susceptibility factors are changing. Cases of chronic norovirus gastroenteritis have been observed in transplant recipients and unusual clinical presentations have been recognized in otherwise healthy adults that are under physical stress. Recently, noroviruses were found to bind to gut-expressed carbohydrates, leading to a correlation between a person's genetically determined carbohydrate expression and their susceptibility to Norwalk virus infection. Greater community surveillance and further investigation of carbohydrate receptor-binding properties could provide further insights into norovirus transmission, susceptibility and pathogenesis, and should aid in developing vaccines and antiviral therapies for this common viral disease.
Geoarchaeological Research in the Coastal Plain Portion of the Savannah River Valley

Selected archaeological, stratigraphical, sedimentological, hydrological, sea level, and 14C data are considered in order to ascertain the times and rates of saltmarsh, floodplain, river swamp, and alluvial terrace development in the lower Savannah River valley. Archaeological data are emphasized in the elucidation of these developmental trends and their environmental correlates. It is concluded that the modern environments associated with the categories of archaeological sites examined (estuarine shell middens, river swamp point bar sites, raised terrace/point bar sites) are not representative of local conditions during occupation(s). Accordingly, a mid-Holocene development of lower energy depositional environments is documented, along with a corresponding shift in subsistence-settlement patterning that suggests more diffuse, or broad spectrum, socio-economic strategies. A base level (sea level) dominance on river sedimentation, even far inland from the coast, may also be indicated.
Germplasm preservation of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) by in vitro culture of shoot apical meristems

Abstract A technique for the germplasm preservation of coffee (Coffee arabica L.) by the culture in vitro of shoot apical meristems is described. Growth responses in vitro of the Colombian cultivar ‘Caturra Rojo’ and the Brazilian cultivar ‘Catuai’ were identical. Multiple shoot regeneration occurred when the meristems were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5 and 10 μM of either benzyladenine (BA) or zeatin or in combination with 1 μM napthalene acid (NAA) while single shoots were regenerated at lower levels of cytokinins. Root regenerarion occurred in high frequency only when the differentiated shoots were recultured on sucrose-free 1 2 strength MS medium supplemented with 1 μM indolebutyric acid (IBA). The regenerated plantlets were maintained in vitro at 26°C for over 2 years without periodic transfer and some of them were successfully grown in pots. The application of this technique to the germplasm preservation of coffee is discussed.
Creative Rebellion and Moral Efficiency as Elements of Managerial Ideology

It is a supreme irony that given the requirement for rebellious creativity, organizations discourage individuality. Accordingly, these cases of creative rebellion contain the seeds of a more informed criticism of the dominant management paradigm. The conventional notion of efficiency is questioned. The concept of moral efficiency is explained. The cases examined describe and analyze: (1) Refusal to concur with the findings of an aircraft accident report that covers up senior officer management weakness. (2) Falsification of data in order to overcome the dysfunctional impact of a management information system. A deconstruction of these stories suggests theoretical as well as practical tension between the dominant normative management paradigm and the manner in which an innovative perspective of individual ethics pushes toward adaptive solutions to problems that cannot be solved by orthodoxy.
Listening to the voices of medical students in poetry: Self, patients, role-models and beyond

The authors argues that medical educators need to learn about the emotional reactions and concerns of medical students in response to their educational experience. She then makes the case that one useful way of doing so is through studying students’ reflective writing in general and poetry in particular. Major thematic findings from a content analysis of 220 medical student poems are discussed. These include the perceived threat to self that occurs as a result of the medical school socialization process; the struggle to position oneself in a humane, compassionate relationship toward patients, through adopting the patient's point-of-view, and establishing solidarity with the patient; the expectation for wise guides and mentors, and the encounter with anti-role-models; and, finally, the desire for transcendent wisdom, often expressed in religious or spiritual language. The author concludes that, although more research is required to establish the benefits of writing for students, there is much that educator...
Effect of two types of light on survival, growth and ovary development of Rana catesbeiana

Abstract The survival, growth and ovary development of post-metamorphic, juvenile and young adult bullfrogs ( Rana catesbeiana ) raised under two different types of light were measured. There was no significant difference in growth or mortality between bullfrogs raised under standard or “growlight” fluorescent light. No significant differences due to treatment were found in the development of the ovary. Most females reached ovarian maturity 12 months after metamorphosis.
Inhibition of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation and parathyroid hormone release by sodium nitroprusside.

Sodium nitroprusside effected a significant reduction in intracellular cAMP accumulation and parathyroid hormone release in dispersed bovine parathyroid cells. The inhibition was apparent at 3 × 10-4 M and maximal at 10-2 M nitroprusside. The effect was rapid and reversible and could be demonstrated in both the presence and absence of stimulating agonists [i.e. (–)isoproterenol, dopamine, and cholera toxin]. The inhibition was additive with that previously described for a-adrenergic agonists and prostaglandin F2a and was not affected by phentolamine, suggesting that nitroprusside does not act through the inhibitory receptors previously described in this system. The nitroprusside effect on cAMP accumulation and parathyroid hormone release was present at virtually all concentrations of extracellular calcium tested; 2 mM EGTA failed to prevent the inhibition. While extracellular calcium may play some role in this inhibition, it is not required for demonstration of the effect.
Ion-Molecular Reactions in Plasma Containment Devices

We investigate ion-molecule charge exchange followed by dissociative electron recombination with molecular ions due to the presence of common impurities in a plasma-containment device. For a ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$ plasma with ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ impurity, the ionic constituency of plasmas is changed from ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$ to nitrogen ions with a time constant ${\ensuremath{\tau}}^{*}$ given by ${\ensuremath{\tau}}^{*}P({\mathrm{N}}_{2})\ensuremath{\simeq}24$ msec $\ensuremath{\mu}$ Torr. However, those ion-molecular recombination processes are not responsible for the enhanced plasma loss in the Princeton spherator at the best vacuum condition.