cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Online Dissemination of the Cognitive Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment (CAST) Using Craigslist: A Pilot Study

Technology-based interventions have the potential to drastically increase the reach of efficacious treatments for psychiatric disorders by overcoming common barriers to treatment such as cost, accessibility, and convenience. One such treatment, the Cognitive Anxiety Sensitivity Treatment (CAST), has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of anxiety and mood pathology. The current study explored the reach, acceptability, and efficacy of CAST delivered for free online using Craigslist as an advertising platform. Participants (N = 103) accessed the treatment through a Craigslist advertisement posted in the “Community” page, under the “Volunteer” category. Results revealed that this strategy was effective in reaching individuals with significant self-reported anxiety and mood symptoms, those who report not currently receiving mental health treatment, and those in areas with likely lower access to mental health resources, though the overall response rate was disappointing. Further, results demonstrate high levels of participant rated acceptability and efficacy in the reduction of psychiatric symptoms and impairment. These results suggest that CAST can be delivered effectively over the Internet and that Craigslist is a viable option to reach individuals in need of treatment. Future work should examine how to increase the number of participants who access the online intervention.
Physics, History, and the German Atomic Bomb.

Physics, History, and the German Atomic Bomb. This paper examines the German concept of a nuclear weapon during National Socialism and the Second World War. Zusammenfassung: Physik, Geschichte und die deutsche Atombombe. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die deutsche Vorstellung einer nuklearen Waffe wahrend des Nationalsozialismus und des Zweiten Weltkrieges.
Three cases of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Three cases of adult patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder who received their initial clinical evaluation and management in an Air Force Mental Health Clinic are presented. Diagnostic, therapeutic, and administrative issues pertinent to these patients are discussed. Clinicians should be alert to the diagnostic possibility of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adult patients reporting the characteristic history and symptoms.
Clearance of materials from accelerator facilities

A new Technical Standard that supports the clearance of materials and equipment (personal property) from U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) accelerator facilities has been developed. The Standard focuses on personal property that has the potential to be radiologically impacted by accelerator operations. It addresses material clearance programs and protocols for off-site releases without restriction on use. Common metals with potential volumetric activation are of main interest with technical bases provided in Appendices of the Standard. The clearance protocols in the Standard include three elements: 1) clearance criteria, 2) process knowledge, and 3) measurement methods. This paper presents the technical aspects of the new Standard, discusses operational experience gained in clearance of materials and equipment from several accelerator facilities at SLAC and examples as to how this Standard can be applied to benefit the entirety of the DOE Accelerator Complex.
Modal Analysis and Propagation Characteristics of Leaky Waves on a 2-D Periodic Leaky-Wave Antenna

A 2-D periodic leaky-wave antenna is studied to examine the mechanism of beam formation from leaky-wave modes and the properties of the leaky-wave modes. The structure consists of a grounded dielectric slab with a periodic arrangement of narrow rectangular patches of metal on the upper surface of the dielectric, excited by a slot in the ground plane. The dimensions of the unit cell and the size of the patches determine the phase constant and the attenuation (leakage) constant of the leaky modes supported by the structure. The narrow beam that is formed is found to be due to an aperture distribution mainly consisting of the radiating space harmonics (Floquet waves) of two different leaky modes, one determining the $E$ -plane behavior and one determining the $H$ -plane behavior. The beamwidth is larger in the $H$ -plane than in the $E$ -plane due to the larger leakage constant of the $H$ -plane mode. It is found that the two leaky modes also have different field distributions, in addition to having very different leakage constants.
Neuro-ophthalmology Training in Ophthalmology Residency Programs in the United States

Background The status of neuro-ophthalmology education in ophthalmology residency training in the United States is unknown. There are numerous articles in the literature detailing resident outcomes for surgical procedures; however, there are no articles detailing teaching of a nonprocedural specialty. There are no specific Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requirements for neuro-ophthalmology training within ophthalmology residency. Each program determines the amount of neuro-ophthalmology training and level of training within ophthalmology residency. There are no publications that detail the extent of neuro-ophthalmology training during ophthalmology residency. Objective To determine the status of neuro-ophthalmology education in ophthalmology residency training programs in the United States. Methods A survey was sent in 2014 to residency directors and neuro-ophthalmologists of all ophthalmology residency programs who participated in the Ophthalmology Residency Matching Program in the United States to determine the amount of neuro-ophthalmology training that residents receive. Results From a total of 113 ophthalmology residency programs in the United States utilizing the Ophthalmology Residency Matching Program, 104 surveys were returned (92% response rate). Duration of neuro-ophthalmology training ranged from 1 to 112 days, with an average of 34.5 days. Most rotations occurred within postgraduate year 2 or 3. Conclusion This is the first evaluation of the amount of neuro-ophthalmology training within ophthalmology residencies participating in the matching program in the United States, which demonstrates large variability among the different programs. Future studies could ascertain if there is a correlation between resident satisfaction in neuro-ophthalmology training and the amount of training.
Wearable low power pre-fall detection system with IoT and bluetooth capabilities

In today's society fall has become a very serious issue and also a threat to older generation. Fall leads to major injuries, physical disability and sometimes death. Therefore, there is a need to design a dependable embedded system device which will help in detecting the fall and further sends an emergency notification and thus helps in preventing the fall. Many researchers have considered human fall as an unpredictable danger to the life of older generation. Hence lot of research has been done in this area to develop a fall detection system. The existing fall detection systems are efficient but they lack in sensor optimization, early fall detection and efficient wireless communication. In this study, we have demonstrated a pre-fall detection system which detects human falls approximately 250 ms before it occurs. Early fall detection helps in preventing the subject from serious injuries. The designed system monitors user balanced and unbalanced state. Once the unbalance state is detected the system signifies it as a fall, thus gives milliseconds of time to trigger the safety devices like wearable airbag worn by a subject. On fall the system sends emergency notification to the care taker using either Internet of things (IoT) or Bluetooth low energy (BLE). The Hardware system is designed such that it consumes low power and it is a dependable embedded system with easy to wear capabilities for the subject. The designed system uses Arm Processor associated with motion sensors, communication sensors, Signal sensor and MicroSD Card. The software and hardware combination was developed to get optimal low power consumption by switching the CPU between active and sleep mode. The practical experiments performed on the designed system results in giving the 100% sensitivity and 98.07% specificity for fall detection. The wireless communication is efficiently designed such that the power is consumed only when the fall is triggered. The designed system acknowledges the difference between activity of daily living (ADL) like walking, sitting running, and climbing stairs with actual fall.
Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in KSHV Infection.

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus or Human herpesvirus-8 (KSHV/HHV-8), an oncogenic human herpesvirus and the leading cause of cancer in HIV-infected individuals, is a major public health concern with recurring reports of epidemics on a global level. The early detection of KSHV virus and subsequent activation of the antiviral immune response by the host’s immune system are crucial to prevent KSHV infection. The host’s immune system is an evolutionary conserved system that provides the most important line of defense against invading microbial pathogens, including viruses. Viruses are initially detected by the cells of the host innate immune system, which evoke concerted antiviral responses via the secretion of interferons (IFNs) and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines for elimination of the invaders. Type I IFN and cytokine gene expression are regulated by multiple intracellular signaling pathways that are activated by germline-encoded host sensors, i.e., pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize a conserved set of ligands, known as ‘pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)’. On the contrary, persistent and dysregulated signaling of PRRs promotes numerous tumor-causing inflammatory events in various human cancers. Being an integral component of the mammalian innate immune response and due to their constitutive activation in tumor cells, targeting PRRs appears to be an effective strategy for tumor prevention and/or treatment. Cellular PRRs are known to respond to KSHV infection, and KSHV has been shown to be armed with an array of strategies to selectively inhibit cellular PRR-based immune sensing to its benefit. In particular, KSHV has acquired specific immunomodulatory genes to effectively subvert PRR responses during the early stages of primary infection, lytic reactivation and latency, for a successful establishment of a life-long persistent infection. The current review aims to comprehensively summarize the latest advances in our knowledge of role of PRRs in KSHV infections.
Metabolomic association between venous thromboembolism in critically ill trauma patients and kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism.

Abstract Objective Incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in critically ill patients remains unacceptably high despite widespread use of thromboprophylaxis. A systems biology approach may be useful in understanding disease pathology and predicting response to treatment. Metabolite profile under specific environmental conditions provides the closest link to phenotype, but the relationship between metabolomics and risk of VTE in critically ill patients is unknown. In this study, metabolomics signatures are compared in patients with and without VTE. Design Multicenter case-control study using prospectively collected data from the Inflammation and Host Response to Injury program, with pathway and in silico gene expression analyses. Setting Eight level 1 US trauma centers. Patients Critically ill adults with blunt trauma who developed VTE within the first 28 days of hospitalization compared to patients without VTE (N-VTE). Interventions None. Measurements and main results Patients included in the study (n = 20 VTE, n = 20 N-VTE) were mean age of 34 years, injury severity score of 35, and VTE diagnosed a median of 10.5 days after admission. Global metabolomics revealed two kynurenine metabolites, N-formylkynurenine (AUC = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.59–0.89) and 5-hydroxy-N-formylkynurenine (AUC = 0.80; 95% CI:0.63–0.90) significantly discriminated VTE and N-VTE; ratio between N-formylkynurenine/5-hydroxy-N-formylkynurenine improved predictive power (AUC = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.74–0.95). In the pathway analysis, tryptophan was the only significant metabolic pathway including N-formylkynurenine and 5-hydroxy-N-formylkynurenine (p Conclusions Two novel kynurenine metabolites in the tryptophan pathway associated with hospital-acquired VTE, and 3 candidate genes were identified via pathway and interaction network analyses. Future studies are warranted to validate these findings in diverse populations using a multi-omics approach.
Forecasting Traffic Flow: Short Term, Long Term, and When It Rains

Forecasting is the art of taking available information of the past and attempting to make the best educated guesses of the ever unforeseen future. From the historical data, patterns can be observed and forecasting models have been developed to capture such patterns. This work focuses on forecasting traffic flow in major urban areas and freeways in the state of Georgia using large amounts of data collected from traffic sensors. Much of the existing work on traffic flow forecasting focuses on the immediate short terms. In addition to that, this work studies the forecasting powers of various models, including seasonal ARIMA, exponential smoothing and neural networks, for relatively long terms. A second experiment that incorporates precipitation data into forecasting models to better predict traffic flow in rainy weather is also conducted. Dynamic regression models and neural networks are used in this experiment. In both experiments, neural networks outperformed the others overall.
DRUG USE DURING BREAST-FEEDING

The physicochemical and pharmacokinetic factors involved in transfer of drugs into breast milk are reviewed. Passage of drugs into milk can best be viewed as a two-compartment system. Various ratios of the drug concentration values in the two compartments and ratios of maternal-to-infant intake have been described. Knowledge of the limitations of these methods is necessary to properly interpret and apply the literature on drug excretion into breast milk. Factors involved in choosing a drug for a nursing mother are listed, a stepwise approach to minimizing transfer of drug to the infant is presented, and the literature on the excretion of specific drugs into milk is reviewed. Generally, drugs given to nursing mothers reach infants in much smaller amounts than drugs given to pregnant women. Decisions about nursing during drug therapy and the choice of drug therapy in a nursing mother should be based on the dosage and duration of therapy, age of the infant, quantity of milk consumed, experience with the drug in infants, degree of oral absorption of the drug by the infant, potential long-term effects, possible interference with lactation, and non-dose-related toxicities (e.g., potential allergic reactions). Too often, the mother's need for a medication is perceived as a reason to discontinue nursing. By understanding the principles of drug passage into breast milk and systematically evaluating the mother's needs, infant factors, and the data on specific drugs, clinicians can usually devise treatment plans that allow nursing while minimizing the risks to the infant.
The Accuracy of Smartphone Sound Level Meter Applications With and Without Calibration.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of smartphone sound level meter applications (SLMAs) with calibration features across stimulus levels and for ambient room noise measu...
A disability studies in mathematics education review of intellectual disabilities: Directions for future inquiry and practice

Abstract We employ a Disability Studies in Mathematics Education perspective to explore current research involving students with intellectual disabilities. Such perspective affords a critical and social-cultural angle into the construction of disability in mathematics education. Results of our exploration suggest that current research on students with intellectual disabilities largely focused on finding deficits and neglected students’ capacity for abstract thought. Moreover, while socio-cultural or socio-political (e.g., equity-based) foci are prevalent in contemporary mathematics education, such foci were largely absent in research involving students with intellectual disabilities. Yet, we identify features of several articles that can inform future socio-political mathematics education research related to individuals with intellectual disabilities. These features are critical for the continual advancement of new knowledge, equitable practices, and global, inclusive education agenda.
Utilization of Outpatient Social Work Services Among Veterans with Combat-Related Polytrauma: A Review and Case Analysis

We examined outpatient social work service utilization and associated costs among patients with combat-related polytrauma who received services at a veterans’ hospital in the southeast United State...
Professional Preparation: Anatomy of a Conference that Worked

(1974). Professional Preparation: Anatomy of a Conference that Worked. Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation: Vol. 45, No. 7, pp. 6-8.
Detecting Gas Vapor Leaks through Uncalibrated Sensor Based CPS

While Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and ammonia have a place in our daily lives, their leakage into the environment is harmful to human health. In order to prevent and detect gaseous leaks of harmful VOCs, a cyber-physical system (CPS) comprised of ordinary people or first responders is proposed. This CPS uses small, low-cost sensors coupled to smart phones or mobile devices with the necessary computation and communication capabilities. The efficacy of such a CPS hinges on its ability to address technical challenges stemming from the fact that identically produced sensors may produce different results under the same conditions due to sensor drift, noise, or resolution errors.The proposed system makes use of time-varying signals produced by sensors to detect gas leaks. Sensors sample the gas vapor level in a continuous manner and time-varying sensor data is processed using deep neural networks. One of the neural networks (NN) is an energy efficient Additive Neural Network (AddNet) which can be implemented in host devices. The second NN is the discriminator of a GAN and the third a regular convolutional NN. AddNet produces comparable VOC gas leak detection results to regular convolutional networks while reducing area requirements by two thirds.
Visualizing probabilistic models and data with Intensive Principal Component Analysis

Unsupervised learning makes manifest the underlying structure of data without curated training and specific problem definitions. However, the inference of relationships between data points is frustrated by the “curse of dimensionality” in high dimensions. Inspired by replica theory from statistical mechanics, we consider replicas of the system to tune the dimensionality and take the limit as the number of replicas goes to zero. The result is intensive embedding, which not only is isometric (preserving local distances) but also allows global structure to be more transparently visualized. We develop the Intensive Principal Component Analysis (InPCA) and demonstrate clear improvements in visualizations of the Ising model of magnetic spins, a neural network, and the dark energy cold dark matter ( Λ CDM ) model as applied to the cosmic microwave background.
De novo and recessive forms of congenital heart disease have distinct genetic and phenotypic landscapes

The genetic architecture of sporadic congenital heart disease (CHD) is characterized by enrichment in damaging de novo variants in chromatin-modifying genes. To test the hypothesis that gene pathways contributing to de novo forms of CHD are distinct from those for recessive forms, we analyze 2391 whole-exome trios from the Pediatric Cardiac Genomics Consortium. We deploy a permutation-based gene-burden analysis to identify damaging recessive and compound heterozygous genotypes and disease genes, controlling for confounding effects, such as background mutation rate and ancestry. Cilia-related genes are significantly enriched for damaging rare recessive genotypes, but comparatively depleted for de novo variants. The opposite trend is observed for chromatin-modifying genes. Other cardiac developmental gene classes have less stratification by mode of inheritance than cilia and chromatin-modifying gene classes. Our analyses reveal dominant and recessive CHD are associated with distinct gene functions, with cilia-related genes providing a reservoir of rare segregating variation leading to CHD. Large whole-exome sequencing studies have suggested that the genetic architecture of syndromic congenital heart disease (CHD) is different from sporadic forms. Here, Watkins et al. estimate the relative contribution of damaging recessive and de novo genotypes to CHD in 2391 trios and find them to be associated with different gene functions.
Chapter 9 – Cotherapy

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses cotherapy: the shared leadership of a therapy group. There are several valid reasons for creating a cotherapy relationship. This relationship, which has many of the characteristics of a marriage, requires a good match of partners. Cotherapy is a special practice of psychotherapy in which two therapists treat a patient or patients in any mode of treatment at the same place at the same time. Their approach emphasizes cotherapy as a special practice of psychotherapy in which the relationship between the therapists is fundamental to the treatment process. “Cotherapy is a relationship in which two therapists embody and model, both verbally and non-verbally, emotional congruence, high self-esteem, and clear and direct communication.” To a great extent, the use of cotherapists originally came into being as a shortcut for the training of group therapists. Besides the special advantages of role-taking, the cotherapy situation may enable one therapist to supplement and/or complement the resources of the other, may be easier for the two therapists to sustain group hostility so intense that it might be difficult for one therapist to bear, and may allow blind spots in one therapist to be counteracted by the other's insight and perceptions.
Neurobiological biomarkers of response to ketamine

As a field, psychiatry is undergoing an exciting paradigm shift toward early identification and intervention that will likely minimize both the burden associated with severe mental illnesses as well as their duration. In this context, the rapid-acting antidepressant ketamine has revolutionized our understanding of antidepressant response and greatly expanded the pharmacologic armamentarium for treatment-resistant depression. Efforts to characterize biomarkers of ketamine response support a growing emphasis on early identification, which would allow clinicians to identify biologically enriched subgroups with treatment-resistant depression who are more likely to benefit from ketamine therapy. This chapter presents a broad overview of a range of translational biomarkers, including those drawn from imaging and electrophysiological studies, sleep and circadian rhythms, and HPA axis/endocrine function as well as metabolic, immune, (epi)genetic, and neurotrophic biomarkers related to ketamine response. Ketamine's unique, rapid-acting properties may serve as a model to explore a whole new class of novel rapid-acting treatments with the potential to revolutionize drug development and discovery. However, it should be noted that although several of the biomarkers reviewed here provide promising insights into ketamine's mechanism of action, most studies have focused on acute rather than longer-term antidepressant effects and, at present, none of the biomarkers are ready for clinical use.
Independence of convergence rate of the wave tracking error on structures of feedforward controllers

Abstract Although the fundamental problem of asymptotic tracking and disturbance rejection in control theory has been well studied, the independence of convergence rate of the tracking error on structures of feedforward controllers has been overlooked. In such control design, many feedforward controllers can be constructed and it is of practical importance to know whether all feedforward controllers actually achieve the same performance. Using the wave equation as an example, we show that the wave tracking error exponentially converges to zero and its convergence rate is indeed independent of the structures of feedforward controllers as the rate is completely determined by a stabilization system. This is generally true for other control systems.
FLASH Investigations Using Protons: Design of Delivery System, Preclinical Setup and Confirmation of FLASH Effect with Protons in Animal Systems

Extremely high-dose-rate irradiation, referred to as FLASH, has been shown to be less damaging to normal tissues than the same dose administrated at conventional dose rates. These results, typically seen at dose rates exceeding 40 Gy/s (or 2,400 Gy/min), have been widely reported in studies utilizing photon or electron radiation as well as in some proton radiation studies. Here, we report the development of a proton irradiation platform in a clinical proton facility and the dosimetry methods developed. The target is placed in the entry plateau region of a proton beam with a specifically designed double-scattering system. The energy after the double-scattering system is 227.5 MeV for protons that pass through only the first scatterer, and 225.5 MeV for those that also pass through the second scatterer. The double-scattering system was optimized to deliver a homogeneous dose distribution to a field size as large as possible while keeping the dose rate >100 Gy/s and not exceeding a cyclotron current of 300 nA. We were able to obtain a collimated pencil beam (1.6 × 1.2 cm2 ellipse) at a dose rate of ∼120 Gy/s. This beam was used for dose-response studies of partial abdominal irradiation of mice. First results indicate a potential tissue-sparing effect of FLASH.
Pediatric Fingertip Injuries.

Pediatric fingertip injuries are common and peak at 2 years of age. These injuries most frequently result from a crush mechanism and half sustain an associated fracture. The presence of a physis results in unique injury patterns and management considerations in the growing child. Due to a substantial healing potential in children, an initial conservative approach to management for many soft tissue and nail bed injuries is recommended. This article reviews the evidence and approach for treating pediatric fingertip injuries and amputations.
A Review of Holography in the Aquatic Sciences: In situ Characterization of Particles, Plankton, and Small Scale Biophysical Interactions

The characterization of particle and plankton populations, as well as microscale biophysical interactions, is critical to several important research areas in oceanography and limnology. A growing number of aquatic researchers are turning to holography as a tool of choice to quantify particle fields in diverse environments, including but not limited to, studies on particle orientation, thin layers, phytoplankton blooms, and zooplankton distributions and behavior. Holography provides a non-intrusive, free-stream approach to imaging and characterizing aquatic particles, organisms and behavior in situ at high resolution through a 3-D sampling volume. Compared to other imaging techniques, e.g., flow cytometry, much larger volumes of water can be processed over the same duration, resolving particle sizes ranging from a few microns to a few centimeters. Modern holographic imaging systems are compact enough to be deployed through various modes, including profiling/towed platforms, buoys, gliders, long-term observatories, or benthic landers. Limitations of the technique include the data-intensive hologram acquisition process, computationally expensive image reconstruction, and coherent noise associated with the holograms that can make post-processing challenging. However, continued processing refinements, rapid advancements in computing power, and development of powerful machine learning algorithms for particle/organism classification are paving the way for holography to be used ubiquitously across different disciplines in the aquatic sciences. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of holography in the context of aquatic studies, including historical developments, prior research applications, as well as advantages and limitations of the technique. Ongoing technological developments that can facilitate larger employment of this technique towards in situ measurements in the future, as well as potential applications in emerging research areas in the aquatic sciences are also discussed.
From IBM to Bringing Reggae to the World: An Interview with Don Green of Synergy Productions and Reggae Sunsplash

Don Green is one of the founding fathers of Reggae Sunsplash, the renowned festival of music, which was held every summer in Montego Bay, Jamaica, from 1978 to 1998. The festival helped to expose r...
News Selectivity and Beyond: Motivated Reasoning in a Changing Media Environment

Since at least the 1950s, scholars have noted that partisans both select and process information in a biased manner. The latter has often been examined under the conceptual umbrella of “motivated reasoning.” In the last few years there has been a resurgence of interest in the topic, due in part to discussions of the issue in the popular press. In this essay, we review the existing motivated reasoning research. We focus our work on the proposed mechanisms behind motivated reasoning and the implications that the phenomenon carries on public attitudes. In addition, we outline the importance of the phenomenon in light of our changing media environment. We discuss how the new media environment has changed the way people consume media information and speculate on how this will affect motivated reasoning research moving forward. Finally, we discuss motivated reasoning in the context of a shifting paradigm for media effects models, a paradigm that places greater emphasis on the role of audiences in determining communication impacts. We hope that scientists, communication specialists, science writers, political elites, and scholars will benefit from this work by obtaining insight into the theory of motivated reasoning and how it infiltrates their own fields.
This Gun for Hire: Dancing in the Dark of the First Amendment

Classified advertisements in newspapers and magazines represent a uniquely democratic access to the media for the individual. Without having to pay the thousands of dollars for full-page advertisements, buyers and sellers can purchase space for their offers for only a few dollars, yet have them seen by city-wide or nation-wide audiences. Democracy, though, breeds its own excesses, and the legal question is always how to control that excess without harming the freedom.As befits a medium open to all, classified advertisements run the gamut of human activity, from the sale of a used automobile to employment to lonely singles looking for an "attractive. nonsmoking, athletic" mate. Unfortunately, classified advertisements also have been used as part of criminal activities, to help "buyers" locate those willing to kidnap or murder for the going rate.Victims, or the families of victims, of these crimes facilitated by classified advertisements have sued the publisher of the advertisements for damages. Courts have been uncertain, at best, how to evaluate these lawsuits. Through an unclear mixture of tort law and commercial speech doctrine, courts have failed to announce a clear standard to guide the conduct of publishers. This article will attempt to clarify the conflicting legal standards and describe a usable test that would both protect publishers from unnecessarily onerous burdens of investigating all classified advertisements and protect the public against the danger of the hired gun.
Relaxation of spin-polarizedH3ein mixtures ofH3eandH4eat about 330 mK

We report the measurements of depolarization probabilities of polarized $^3$He in a rectangular acrylic cell with a deuterated tetraphenyl butadiene-doped deuterated polystyrene coating filled with superfluid $^4$He at $\sim$330 mk with a magnetic holding field of $\sim$7.3 G. We achieve a wall depolarization probability of $\sim1.0\times10^{-7}$. Such a surface will find application in a new experiment searching for the neutron electric dipole moment and other applications.
Roles of nurse practitioners and physician assistants in rheumatology practices in the US.

Objective A recent workforce study of rheumatology in the US suggests that during the next several decades, the demand for rheumatology services will outstrip the supply of rheumatologists. Midlevel providers such as nurse practitioners and physician assistants may be able to alleviate projected shortages. Methods We administered a nationwide survey of midlevel providers during 2012. Invitations with the survey were sent with one followup reminder. The survey contained questions regarding demographics, training, level of practice independence, responsibilities, drug prescribing, use of objective outcome measures, and knowledge and use of treat-to-target (TTT) strategies. Results The invitation was sent to 482 eligible midlevel providers via e-mail and 90 via US mail. We received a total of 174 responses (30%). The mean age was 46 years and 83% were women. Nearly 75% had ≤10 years of experience and 53% had received formal training in rheumatology. Almost two-thirds reported having their own panel of patients. The top 3 practice responsibilities described were performing patient education (99%), adjusting medication doses (98%), and conducting physical examinations (97%). More than 90% felt very or somewhat comfortable diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a similar percentage prescribed disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Three-quarters reported using disease activity measures for RA and 56% reported that their practices used TTT strategies. Conclusion Most respondents reported that they had substantial patient care responsibilities, used disease activity measures for RA, and incorporated TTT in their practice. These data suggest midlevel providers may help to reduce shortages in the rheumatology workforce and conform with recommendations to employ TTT strategies in RA treatment.
Building large scale 3D face database for face analysis

We propose to build a large scale 3D face database with dense correspondence for variant face analysis research purposes. Large scale means that the number of subjects in the database is more than 400, which is, to our best knowledge, the biggest1 one at this time. 3D face means that we provide both the texture and shape of human faces, which is also balanced in gender and race. Dense correspondence means that the key facials points with semantic meanings are carefully labeled and aligned among different faces, which can be used for a broad range of face analysis tasks. We provide the data description, data collection schema and the post-processing methods to help the usage of the data and future extension. More and more data is still being collected and processed to enlarge the extensive 3D face database. The proposed face database provides solid ground truth for human face related tasks such as alignment, tracking, recognition and animation, etc.
Interpreting the "One Big Wave" in U.S. Long-Term Productivity Growth

This paper assesses the standard data on output, labour input, and capital input, which imply “one big wave” in multi-factor productivity (MFP) growth for the United States since 1870. The wave-like pattern starts with slow MFP growth in the late 19th century, then an acceleration peaking in 1928–50, and then a deceleration to a slow rate after 1972 that returns to the poor performance of 1870–1891. A counterpart of the standard data is a mysterious doubling in the ratio of output to capital input when the post-war era is compared with 1870–1929. Three types of measurement adjustments are applied to the standard input data. Following the lead of Denison and Jorgenson-Griliches, adjustments for the changing composition (or “quality”) of labour and capital, currently published by the BLS back to 1948, are estimated for 1870–1948. These composition adjustments take into account the shifting mix of the labour force along the dimensions of education and age-sex composition, and of the capital stock between equipment and structures. Further adjustments are made to capital input data to allow retirement to vary with gross investment rather than to follow a fixed pattern depending only on age, and to add types of capital owned by the government that are particularly productive in the private sector. A new MFP series taking account of all these adjustments grows more slowly throughout, and the “big wave” phenomenon is both flatter and extends back further in time to 1891. However, there is no solution to the post-1972 productivity slowdown, and in the new data MFP growth during 1972–96 proceeds at a pathetic 0.1 percent per year. A by-product of the measurement adjustments is to solve completely the previous puzzle of the jump in the output-capital ratio; in the new data this ratio is actually lower in 1996 than in 1870. The primary substantive explanation for the big wave lies in the timing of inventions. MFP growth during the “big wave” period benefited from the diffusion of four great clusters of inventions that dwarf today’s information technology revolution in their combined importance. A complementary hypothesis is that the partial closing of American labour markets to immigration and of American goods markets to imports during the big wave period gave an artificial and temporary boost to real wages which fed back into boosting productivity growth, followed by a reopening that contributed to the post-1972 productivity slowdown.
Cardiovascular Toxicity of Nicotine: Implications for Nicotine Replacement Therapy

This review discusses the known cardiovascular effects of smoking and the effects of nicotine without tobacco smoke and interprets the available data on cardiovascular risk during nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Nicotine gum and patches are now approved for over the counter sale in the United States. Smokers with cardiovascular disease are advised to seek physician counseling before using nicotine products, but information regarding the safety of these products in such patients is not readily available to most physicians. Nicotine may contribute to cardiovascular disease, presumably by hemodynamic consequences of sympathetic neural stimulation and systemic catecholamine release. However, there are many potential cardiovascular toxins in cigarette smoke other than nicotine. The doses of nicotine obtained by regular cigarette smoking generally exceed those delivered by NRTs, and the cardiovascular effects of nicotine are, in general, more intense when delivered rapidly by cigarette smoking than the slower delivery by transdermal nicotine or nicotine gum. Because the dose-cardiovascular response relation for nicotine is flat, the effects of cigarette smoking in conjunction with NRT are similar to those of cigarette smoking alone. Cigarette smoking increases blood coagulability, a major risk factor for acute cardiovascular events, whereas transdermal nicotine does not appear to do so. Clinical trials of NRT in patients with underlying, stable coronary disease suggest that nicotine does not increase cardiovascular risk. At worst, the risks of NRT are no more than those of cigarette smoking. The risks of NRT for smokers, even for those with underlying cardiovascular disease, are small and are substantially outweighed by the potential benefits of smoking cessation.
Automated macular pathology diagnosis in retinal OCT images using multi-scale spatial pyramid with local binary patterns

We address a novel problem domain in the analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images: the diagnosis of multiple macular pathologies in retinal OCT images. The goal is to identify the presence of normal macula and each of three types of macular pathologies, namely, macular hole, macular edema, and age-related macular degeneration, in the OCT slice centered at the fovea. We use a machine learning approach based on global image descriptors formed from a multi-scale spatial pyramid. Our local descriptors are dimension-reduced Local Binary Pattern histograms, which are capable of encoding texture information from OCT images of the retina. Our representation operates at multiple spatial scales and granularities, leading to robust performance. We use 2-class Support Vector Machine classifiers to identify the presence of normal macula and each of the three pathologies. We conducted extensive experiments on a large dataset consisting of 326 OCT scans from 136 patients. The results show that the proposed method is very effective.
The Impact of JOBM

Abstract The ISI Impact Factor for JOBMis 1.793, placing it third in the JCR rankings for journals in applied psychology with a sharply accelerating linear trend over the past 5 years. This article reviews the Impact Factor and raises questions regarding its reliability and validity and then considers a citation analysis of JOBMin light of the culture of the Organizational Behavior Management community. It appears that the rise in impact may be attributable to increases in quality, the journal filling a previously unfilled niche and a more theoretical turn in OBM scholarship, and that the Impact Factor underestimates JOBM'sinfluence. JOBMis not a high quality journal because it has a high Impact Factor; rather JOBMcurrently has a high Impact Factor because it isa high quality journal.
Gender under Incomplete Acquisition: Heritage Speakers' Knowledge of Noun Categorization.

Introduction Incomplete competence in first language is an intriguing problem, one that subsumes interrupted acquisition, delayed acquisition, and language loss. Incomplete or interrupted acquisition is represented by heritage speakers, who only recently have been recognized as a group separate from those bilinguals for whom one of the languages is strongly dominant. In the last decade, heritage speakers have come to the fore in a number of fields, from language teaching (Kagan & Dillon, 2001; Bermel & Kagan, 2000; Geisherik, 2005) to sociolinguistics (Andrews, 1999; Fenyvesi, 2005; Seliger & Vago, 1991, among many others) to general linguistics (Dorian, 1989; Seliger & Vago, 1991) and psycholinguistics (Sorace, 2004; Tsimpli et al., 2004). Understanding the nature of incomplete acquisition is crucial for our understanding of acquisition, and it is fair to say that heritage speakers provide a crucial missing link between competent L1 learners, balanced bilinguals, and possibly L2 learners. Since very little is actually known about heritage language speakers, studying different aspects of language structure in this population is important. In addition to the challenge of uncovering descriptive generalizations needed to understand incomplete acquisition, the heritage population poses another challenge to language researchers: it is not always clear how to assess what it is that heritage speakers do and do not know in their first language, so developing replicable methodology of language investigation is also essential for heritage language studies as a field.
The catenin p120(ctn) interacts with Kaiso, a novel BTB/POZ domain zinc finger transcription factor.

p120(ctn) is an Armadillo repeat domain protein with structural similarity to the cell adhesion cofactors beta-catenin and plakoglobin. All three proteins interact directly with the cytoplasmic domain of the transmembrane cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin; beta-catenin and plakoglobin bind a carboxy-terminal region in a mutually exclusive manner, while p120 binds the juxtamembrane region. Unlike beta-catenin and plakoglobin, p120 does not interact with alpha-catenin, the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), or the transcription factor Lef-1, suggesting that it has unique binding partners and plays a distinct role in the cadherin-catenin complex. Using p120 as bait, we conducted a yeast two-hybrid screen and identified a novel transcription factor which we named Kaiso. Kaiso's deduced amino acid sequence revealed an amino-terminal BTB/POZ protein-protein interaction domain and three carboxy-terminal zinc fingers of the C2H2 DNA-binding type. Kaiso thus belongs to a rapidly growing family of POZ-ZF transcription factors that include the Drosophila developmental regulators Tramtrak and Bric a brac, and the human oncoproteins BCL-6 and PLZF, which are causally linked to non-Hodgkins' lymphoma and acute promyelocytic leukemia, respectively. Monoclonal antibodies to Kaiso were generated and used to immunolocalize the protein and confirm the specificity of the p120-Kaiso interaction in mammalian cells. Kaiso specifically coprecipitated with a variety of p120-specific monoclonal antibodies but not with antibodies to alpha- or beta-catenin, E-cadherin, or APC. Like other POZ-ZF proteins, Kaiso localized to the nucleus and was associated with specific nuclear dots. Yeast two-hybrid interaction assays mapped the binding domains to Arm repeats 1 to 7 of p120 and the carboxy-terminal 200 amino acids of Kaiso. In addition, Kaiso homodimerized via its POZ domain but it did not heterodimerize with BCL-6, which heterodimerizes with PLZF. The involvement of POZ-ZF proteins in development and cancer makes Kaiso an interesting candidate for a downstream effector of cadherin and/or p120 signaling.
Tensile-shear transition in mixed mode I/III fracture

Abstract The propensity of the transition of fracture type in either brittle or ductile cracked solid under mixed-mode I and III loading conditions is investigated. A fracture criterion based on the competition of the maximum normal stress and maximum shear stress is utilized. The prediction of the fracture type is determined by comparing τmax/σmax at a critical distance from the crack tip to the material strength ratio τC/σC, i.e., (τmax/σmax) (τC/σC) for shear fracture, where σC (τC) is the fracture strength of materials in tension (shear). Mixed mode I/III fracture tests were performed using circumferentially notched cylindrical bars made of PMMA and 7050 aluminum alloy. Fracture surface morphology of the specimens reveals that: (1) for the brittle material, PMMA, only tensile type of fracture occurs, and (2) for the ductile material, 7050 aluminum alloy, either tensile or shear type of fracture occurs depending on the mode mixity. The transition (in ductile material) or non-transition (in brittle material) of the fracture type and the fracture path observed in experiments were properly predicted by the theory. Additional test data from open literature are also included to validate the proposed theory.