cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of unresectable and metastatic angiomatoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma

Angiomatoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma (AMFH) is a low grade soft tissue sarcoma usually treated with surgery alone. Only one adult patient has been treated with systemic chemotherapy. The authors report a case of unresectable, metastatic AMFH treated initially with vincristine, doxorubicin, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide. A complete response at the metastatic site and a marked reduction in the size of the primary tumor allowed complete surgical excision 7 months after treatment was initiated. The patient remains disease free 19 months after being diagnosed. It was concluded that systemic chemotherapy may be effective in patients with AMFH.
Display dispersion and diet of birds of paradise: a comparison of nine species

Birds of paradise (Paradisaeidae) are a diverse, poorly known group of tropical forest passerines. The majority of species (34 of 43) are sexually dimorphic, known or presumed to be promiscuous, and known to exhibit a range of male spacing patterns, from territoriality to lek behavior. In this study we mapped male dispersion in nine species of birds of paradise at three sites in Papua New Guinea. We observed four patterns: 1) Dispersed (territorial): Black-billed Sicklebill (Epimachus albertisi), Brown Sicklebill (E. meyeri), and Superb Bird of Paradise (Lophorina superba); 2) Dispersed (non-territorial): Magnificent Riflebird (Ptiloris magnificus), Magnificent Bird of Paradise (Diphyllodes magnificus), and Twelve-wired Bird of Paradise (Seleucidis melanoleuca); 3) Exploded lek: King Bird of Paradise (Cicinnurus reguis)-most males paired, and Lawes' Six-wired Bird of Paradise (Parotia lawesii); and 4) True lek: Raggiana Bird of Paradise (Paradisaea raggiana). These findings revise earlier assessments of spacing in some species, and the example of C. regius is the first documentation of a paired-male distribution for birds of paradise. In Table 3 we categorize all species of promiscuous birds of paradise into these four classes of dispersion. Comparison of diet with dispersion revealed a significant relationship between the extent of frugivory and the breakdown of widely-spaced territorial behavior. Obligate insectivores defended exclusive territories, while highly frugivorous species formed leks. Species with intermediate diets showed patterns of dispersion intermediate between these two extremes. Resource defense appears to be a viable option for species whose diet contains less than approximately 50% fruit.
Azathioprine-induced leukopenia—Clinical significance in renal transplantation

Abstract A retrospective analysis of 160 consecutive renal transplants was carried out to determine the incidence and clinical significance of azathioprine-induced leukopenia (AIL). AIL was defined as a peripheral white blood cell count (WBC) of ≦5000/mm3 in the post-transplantation period necessitating a reduction in dose of azathioprine by at least 25% in the absence of sepsis or other obvious causes of leukopenia. Correlation of the mean WBC during the first 10 days after transplantation and subsequent azathioprine tolerance was determined. Twenty-five percent of transplant recipients developed AIL. Incidence was not affected by age, sex, or race, but was increased in cadaver kidney recipients. The principal factors that predisposed patients to AIL were poor early renal function and absence of pretransplant splenectomy. AIL may be anticipated in patients who demonstrate poor bone marrow reserve after high-dose steroid stimulation in the early post-transplant period (mean 10 day post-transplant WBC ≦ 10,500/mm3). Overall graft and patient survival was decreased in patients with AIL. Patients with AIL who had not previously undergone splenectomy had the poorest graft survival.
Self-Reported Age of Onset and Telescoping for Cigarettes, Alcohol, and Marijuana Across Eight Years of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth.

Smoking, drinking, and illicit drug use are leading causes of morbidity and mortality, both during adolescence as well as later in life. The determination of how well national and local policy and intervention efforts address teen substance use depends largely on the collection of valid and accurate data. Assessments of substance use rely heavily on retrospective self-report measures, but the reliability and validity, however, may be limited by various sources of measurement error. This study utilizes four waves of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth spanning eight years. Results from multiple linear regression analyses showed that the single most consistent variable associated with telescoping was the number of years since the substance was first reported. Time since first report was the single consistent variable and was strongly associated with telescoping in each wave-to-wave comparison for all three substances under study. Implications for policy and research are discussed.
On some operators inc 0

Theorem. Let S be a bounded Suslin set in the plane. Then there is a bounded linear operator T in co, whose point spectrum σ e (T)=S.
Subsite-specific incidence rate and stage of disease in colorectal cancer by race, gender, and age group in the United States, 1992-1997.

BACKGROUND Subsite specific incidence rates of colorectal cancer vary considerably by age, gender, and race. This variation may be related not only to distinctions in exposure to genetic and environment factors but also to current strategies of early detection screening. Patterns of stage of disease in anatomic subsite may reflect the effect of screening. This study used the largest aggregation of cancer incidence data in the U.S. to examine subsite specific incidence rates of colorectal cancer and the relation of stage of disease to anatomic subsites by race, gender, and age group. METHODS Data on the incidence of invasive colorectal cancer were obtained from 28 population-based central cancer registries. Age-specific and age-adjusted rates and stage distributions were analyzed by subsite, race, and gender. RESULTS The impact of screening can be observed in the percentage of localized disease, which increased from 31.9% among cancers in the proximal colon to 37.0% in the descending colon to 41.5% in the distal colorectum. Within the same subsite, blacks were less likely than whites to receive a diagnosis of localized disease and more likely to receive a diagnosis of distant disease whereas stage distributions were approximately the same for males and females. Blacks were more likely than whites to receive a diagnosis of proximal colon cancer than distal colorectal cancer. The male-to-female rate ratios progressively increased from the proximal colon to the distal colorectum. The ratios of proximal-to-distal colorectal cancer gradually increased with advancing age. CONCLUSIONS Differentials in stage of disease by subsites indicate a need for a targeted effort at early detection of cancer in the proximal colon. Risk factors and higher risk populations for colorectal cancers in each subsite need to be studied further to guide actions for improving the efficacy of screening. Cancer 2001;92:2547–54. © 2001 American Cancer Society.
Retaining health manpower in developing countries

I was pleased to see the undergraduates’ concern about healthcare delivery in developing countries (May 16, p 1665). As they discuss, compensation could be a solution to the problem of migration, but it would only be a temporary one. The main reasons health-care workers migrate are to look for better opportunities, a better lifestyle, better education for their children, and safe working conditions. So unless home countries are able to give some hope in these regards, the migration of health-care workers from developing to developed countries will continue. The following options might help further. Bonding systems could require medical or nursing graduates to serve for a minimum number of years in the home country before going for further training. Such a scheme has helped rural Nepal keep hold of more of its young doctors in recent times. Increasing facilities such as schools, police posts, and the availability of telephone networks and the internet could help doctors to remain in the rural setting of developing countries where they are urgently needed. Finally, increasing both the numbers and skill sets of mid-level health-care workers such as health assistants and community medical assistants could boost the backbone of the health-care service in rural settings. Additionally, because the qualifi cation is not internationally recognised, such workers are less likely to migrate. So, rather than producing more doctors, shifting the focus to mid-level health care workers might help developing countries, at least in the delivery of basic health care and to move towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals.
Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy during pregnancy: Three case reports of anesthetic management for cesarean and vaginal delivery in two kyphoscoliotic patients

WITH childhood cancer survival rates on the rise, increasing numbers of female pediatric cancer patients are reaching childbearing age. The long-range effects of childhood chemotherapy can have significant clinical implications for these women. The toxicity of an antineoplastic drug given to the pediatric patient may not be fully apparent until other physical conditions in adulthood, such as pregnancy, force the issue. Pregnancy imposes significant physiologic changes and cardiovascular stress. The cardiotoxicity of one chemotherapeutic agent in particular, doxorubicin, is frequent in young females, potentially severely limiting myocardial growth in childhood, leading to a lifelong reduction in myocardial mass, which may result in a significantly decreased cardiac reserve in the child as she grows. 1,2 Pregnancy can unmask the cardiovascular damages caused by doxorubicin even from the remote past in otherwise asymptomatic patients. When these women require an anesthetic for vaginal or cesarean delivery, anesthesiologists should be aware of the possibility of cardiac failure, even in asymptomatic pregnant patients, if they have previously been treated with doxorubicin. The interaction of the long-term cardiotoxic effect of doxorubicin with pregnancy and anesthetic management has not been well described. We present two cases in which regional anesthesia, particularly combined spinal-epidural (CSE) technique, was used successfully for cesarean delivery and vaginal delivery in kyphoscoliotic patients with doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the successful use of epidural and combined spinal-epidural technique in kyphoscoliotic pregnant patients with doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy presenting during pregnancy.
Development of a Medical Nutrition Therapy Resource Handbook in Training Medical Students

Abstract Nutrition plays a central role in disease prevention and health promotion and provides for cost effective medical intervention. However, research indicates a lack of nutrition being taught to medical students. In this project, a curriculum audit was completed to assess hours of nutrition content offered in a medical school curriculum in a large, public institution. This information was presented to first and second year students as an outline which also contained activities and references to enhance the students' appreciation of nutrition. In order to increase awareness of the vital role of nutrition in the outcome of patient care, and to increase referrals to clinical dietitians, a handbook was developed for third year students to use during their clinical rotations. This handbook contains information on diet ordering, tube feeding and TPN complications, and lists of names and numbers of available RDs. The handbook was distributed to third year students, course directors and the Clinical Biannium Committee (years 3 and 4). Questionnaires were distributed to assess the use of handbooks by students. Handbook usage was poor due to lack of educational inservices. An inservice education program was developed and presented by an RD to students in medicine and surgery rotations. The handbook received positive feedback. Referrals to clinical dietitians in the inpatient setting are increasing as a result of the handbook and subsequent inservice programs on the Handbook of Medical Nutrition Therapy.
Evaluating Performance of the Spetzler-Martin Supplemented Model in Selecting Patients With Brain Arteriovenous Malformation for Surgery

Background and Purpose—Our recently proposed point scoring model includes the widely-used Spetzler-Martin (SM)-5 variables, along with age, unruptured presentation, and diffuse border (SM-Supp). Here we evaluate the SM-Supp model performance compared with SM-5, SM-3, and Toronto prediction models using net reclassification index, which quantifies the correct movement in risk reclassification, and validate the model in an independent data set. Methods—Bad outcome was defined as worsening between preoperative and final postoperative modified Rankin Scale score. Point scores for each model were used as predictors in logistic regression and predictions evaluated using net reclassification index at varying thresholds (10%–30%) and any threshold (continuous net reclassification index >0). Performance was validated in an independent data set (n=117). Results—Net gain in risk reclassification was better using the SM-Supp model over a range of threshold values (net reclassification index=9%–25%) and significantly ...
The risk of stillbirth and infant death by each additional week of expectant management in twin pregnancies

Objective The objective of the study was to compare the fetal/infant mortality risk associated with each additional week of expectant management with the mortality risk of immediate delivery in women with twin gestations. Study Design A retrospective cohort study was performed utilizing 2006–2008 National linked birth certificate and death certificate data. The incidence of stillbirth and infant death were determined for each week of pregnancy from 32 0/7 weeks' through 40 6/7 weeks' gestation. Pregnancies complicated by fetal anomalies were excluded. These measures were combined to estimate the theoretic risk of remaining pregnant an additional week by adding the risk of stillbirth during the extra week of pregnancy with the risk of infant death encountered with delivery during the following week. This composite fetal/infant mortality risk was compared with the risk of infant death associated with delivery at the corresponding gestational age. Results The risk of stillbirth increased with increasing gestational age, for example, between 37 and 38 weeks' gestation (12.5 per 10,000 vs 22.5 per 10,000; P P P Conclusion Our results suggest that fetal/infant death risk is minimized at 37 weeks' gestation; however, individual maternal and fetal characteristics must also be taken into account when determining the optimal timing of delivery for twin pregnancies.
Dirac constraint dynamics and slowing down of relaxation: Applications

Abstract Physical situations are correlated with corresponding values of the complexity entropy and hence also to values of the slowing down parameter n that arises in coupling models of relaxation such as the one based on time dependent Dirac constraint theory. Trends of n are predicted from entropic inequalities and compared with experiment.
Enantioselective autocatalysis. II. Racemization studies on a 1,4-benzodiazepinooxazole derivative.

Since the bromofluoro-1,4-benzodiazepinooxazole derivativeI may undergo spontaneous resolution on crystallization from methanol solution, it provides an ideal substrate on which to study the phenomenon of enantioselective autocatalysis involving spontaneous resolution under racemizing conditions (srurc). in order to augment the understanding of factors which might be important in such a process we have now undertaken to study the racemization ofI in more detail by observing its rate under a wide variety of experimental conditions.
Melting of a semi-infinite solid with nonlinear heat transfer at the boundary

Abstract The integral method is used to obtain a generalized solution for the melting of a semi-infinite solid initially at the melting temperature and subjected to a generalized nonlinear boundary condition at the surface.
Periodic solutions preserved by nonstandard finite-difference schemes for the Lotka–Volterra system: a different approach

The Lotka–Volterra predator–prey system x′ = x − xy, y′ = − y+xy is a good differential equation system for testing numerical methods. This model gives rise to mutually periodic solutions surrounding the positive fixed point (1,1), provided the initial conditions are positive. Standard finite-difference methods produce solutions that spiral into or out of the positive fixed point. Previously, the author [Roeger, J. Diff. Equ. Appl. 12(9) (2006), pp. 937–948], generalized three different classes of nonstandard finite-difference methods that when applied to the predator–prey system produced periodic solutions. These methods preserve weighted area; they are symplectic with respect to a noncanonical structure and have the property that the computed points do not spiral. In this paper, we use a different approach. We apply the Jacobian matrix procedure to find a fourth class of nonstandard finite-difference methods. The Jacobian matrix method gives more general nonstandard methods that also produce periodic so...
Young driver risk factors: successful and unsuccessful approaches for dealing with them and an agenda for the future

The extent to which various interventions to deal with the young driver crash problem have worked are discussed, and promising interventions that should be tried are identified. Traditional forms of driver licensing and driver education have not worked. Graduated licensing reduces the problem and existing laws need to be strengthened. Programs involving parents and police have shown some potential to increase compliance with graduated licensing restrictions. Insurer discount programs also have potential. In other public health areas, comprehensive programs have worked better than those based on single components. There are continuing efforts to develop new driver education and training programs and methods of delivery that can combine with graduated licensing and contribute to reductions in the young driver problem. The most promising intervention strategy is likely to be a coordinated community based program in states with strong graduated licensing laws as a foundation, involving modern education and training techniques, insurance discount programs, and well publicized enforcement and education programs featuring parents and police in combination, with as much input and participation as possible from the target group of young drivers.
Parenting practices, interpretive biases, and anxiety in Latino children

A number of factors are believed to confer risk for anxiety development in children; however, cultural variation of purported risk factors remains unclear. We examined relations between controlling and rejecting parenting styles, parental modeling of anxious behaviors, child interpretive biases, and child anxiety in a mixed clinically anxious (n=27) and non-clinical (n=20) sample of Latino children and at least one of their parents. Families completed discussion-based tasks and questionnaires in a lab setting. Results indicated that child anxiety was: linked with parental control and child interpretative biases, associated with parental modeling of anxious behaviors at a trend level, and not associated with low parental acceptance. Findings that controlling parenting and child interpretive biases were associated with anxiety extend current theories of anxiety development to the Latino population. We speculate that strong family ties may buffer Latino children from detrimental effects of perceived low parental acceptance.
Training Preschool Children to Use Visual Imagining as a Problem-Solving Strategy for Complex Categorization Tasks.

It has been suggested that verbally sophisticated individuals engage in a series of precurrent behaviors (e.g., covert intraverbal behavior, grouping stimuli, visual imagining) to solve problems such as answering questions (Palmer, 1991; Skinner, 1953). We examined the effects of one problem solving strategy—visual imagining—on increasing responses to intraverbal categorization questions. Participants were 4 typically developing preschoolers between the ages of 4 and 5 years. Visual imagining training was insufficient to produce a substantial increase in target responses. It was not until the children were prompted to use the visual imagining strategy that a large and immediate increase in the number of target responses was observed. The number of prompts did not decrease until the children were given a rule describing the use of the visual imagining strategy. Within-session response patterns indicated that none of the children used visual imagining prior to being prompted to do so and that use of the strategy continued after introduction of the rule. These results were consistent for 3 of 4 children. Within-session response patterns suggested that the 4th child occasionally imagined when prompted to do so, but the gains were not maintained. The results are discussed in terms of Skinner's analysis of problem solving and the development of visual imagining.
A parallel algorithm for correlating event streams

This paper describes a parallel algorithm for correlating or "fusing" streams of data from sensors and other sources of information. The algorithm is useful for applications where composite conditions over multiple data streams must be detected rapidly, such as intrusion detection or crisis management. The implementation of this algorithm on a multithreaded system and the performance of this implementation are also briefly described.
The Role of Experimental Forests and Ranges in the Development of Ecosystem Science and Biogeochemical Cycling Research

Forest Service watershed-based Experimental Forests and Ranges (EFRs) have significantly advanced scientific knowledge on ecosystem structure and function through long-term monitoring and experimental research on hydrologic and biogeochemical cycling processes. Research conducted in the 1940s and 1950s began as “classic” paired watershed studies. The emergence of the concept of ecosystem science in the 1950s and 1960s, the passage of the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act in the 1970s, the nonpoint source pollution provision enacted in the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, and various other forces led to an increased interest in biogeochemical cycling processes. The ecosystem concept recognized that water, nutrient, and carbon cycles were tightly linked, and interdisciplinary approaches that examined the roles of soil, vegetation, and associated biota, as well as the atmospheric environment, were needed to understand these linkages. In addition to providing a basic understanding, several watershed-based EFRs have been at the core of the development and application of watershed ecosystem analysis to ecosystem management, and they continue to provide science to land managers and policy makers. The relevance and usefulness of watershed-based EFRs will only increase in the coming years. Stressors such as climate change and increased climate variability, invasive and noninvasive insects and diseases, and the pressures of population growth and land-use change increase the value of long-term records for detecting resultant changes in ecosystem structure and function.
Gold nanorod/Fe3O4 nanoparticle "nano-pearl-necklaces" for simultaneous targeting, dual-mode imaging, and photothermal ablation of cancer cells.

Gold and pearls: Multifunctional nanoparticles, each composed of a single, amine-modified gold nanorod, decorated with multiple “pearls” of Fe3O4 nanoparticles capped with carboxy groups, are prepared. Their effectiveness in simultaneous targeting, dual-mode imaging, and photothermal ablation of breast cancer cells is demonstrated.
Drag Queens and Drag Kings: The Difference Gender Makes

In this article, we use case studies of two different drag performance collectives, the 801 Girls, a drag queen troupe in Key West, Florida, and the Disposable Boy Toys, a political feminist collective in Santa Barbara, California, to explore the differences between drag queens and drag kings. We argue that, despite their divergent routes to performing drag and the different contexts and styles of their shows, a similar critique of hegemonic gender and heteronormativity emerges from their performances. As the first systematic comparison of drag queens and drag kings, this article enhances our understanding of the gendered dynamics of drag.
Medical Anthropology and African American Health.

Medical Anthropology and African American Health. Eric J. Bailey. Westport, CT: Berginand Garvey, 2000.255 pp.
σ-Receptors in Endocrine Organs: Identification, Characterization, and Autoradiographic Localization in Rat Pituitary, Adrenal, Testis, and Ovary

We have used a variety of selective radioligands to identify and localize sigma- and phencyclidine (PCP)-binding sites in rat endocrine organs. [3H]Haloperidol-labeled sigma-receptors were identified in membrane homogenates of rat pituitary, adrenal, testis, and ovary which had kinetic and pharmacological characteristics similar to those of the well characterized sigma-receptors in rat cerebellum. The highest density of sigma-receptors was present in the ovary, with progressively lower densities present in the testis, pituitary, adrenal, and cerebellum, respectively. In autoradiographic studies, sigma-receptors [labeled with d-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)N-(1-propyl-2,3-[3H]piperidine or [3H]1,3-di-(2-tolyl)guanidine] were discretely localized within the endocrine tissues. In the pituitary, the highest density of sigma-receptors was found in the anterior lobe. In the adrenal, sigma-receptors were localized primarily in the cortex. In the testis, sigma-receptors were present in highest concentrations in the ductuli efferentes and ductus epididymis; lower densities of binding sites were present in the seminiferous tubules, and no binding was seen in the interstitial tissue. In the ovary, sigma-receptors were localized in high density in the maturing follicles, and lower densities were present in resting follicles. After hypophysectomy, there were relative increases in the densities of sigma receptors in the remaining tissue in the adrenal gland and testis. In contrast, hypophysectomy resulted in a marked depletion of sigma-binding sites in the ovary. The data from hypophysectomized rats indicate that the highest densities of sigma-receptors in the ovary are localized to (LH-dependent) maturing follicles, while sigma-binding sites in adrenal and testis are localized to cells that are not dependent on trophic maintenance by the pituitary. In contrast, high affinity PCP receptors were not detected in pituitary, adrenal, testis, or ovary either by homogenate binding studies with 3,4-[3H]N-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine or in vitro autoradiography using 3,4-[3H]N-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine and d-[3H]5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo-[a,d] + cyclohepten-5,10-imine. In summary, the data suggest that the reported endocrine effects of PCP and the prototypic sigma-receptor agonist N-allylnormetazocine are probably mediated either through direct action on sigma-receptors in the pituitary and/or target endocrine organs or by actions on sigma- and/or PCP receptors in brain.
Precision and Error of Three-dimensional Phenotypic Measures Acquired from 3dMD Photogrammetric Images

The genetic basis for complex phenotypes is currently of great interest for both clinical investigators and basic scientists. In order to acquire a thorough understanding of the translation from genotype to phenotype, highly precise measures of phenotypic variation are required. New technologies, such as 3D photogrammetry are being implemented in phenotypic studies due to their ability to collect data rapidly and non-invasively. Before these systems can be broadly implemented, the error associated with data collected from images acquired using these technologies must be assessed. This study investigates the precision, error, and repeatability associated with anthropometric landmark coordinate data collected from 3D digital photogrammetric images acquired with the 3dMDface System. Precision, error due to the imaging system, error due to digitization of the images, and repeatability are assessed in a sample of children and adults (n = 15). Results show that data collected from images with the 3dMDface System are highly repeatable and precise. The average error associated with the placement of landmarks is sub-millimeter; both the error due to digitization and due to the imaging system are very low. The few measures showing a higher degree of error include those crossing the labial fissure, which are influenced by even subtle movement of the mandible. These results suggest that 3D anthropometric data collected using the 3dMDface System are highly reliable and, therefore, useful for evaluation of clinical dysmorphology and surgery, analyses of genotype-phenotype correlations, and inheritance of complex phenotypes.
Onco-Nephrology: An Invitation to a New Field

TO THE EDITOR: Kidney disease is common in patients with cancer and includes disorders that occur in people without cancer as well as entities that are unique to people with cancer, such as tumor lysis syndrome. However, as the field of oncology hasdevelopedareasofincreasingsubspecializationandthearrayof treatment options with novel agents has expanded, the need has been created for a new field: onco-nephrology. Such a necessity resultsfromseveralfactors.First,certainrenaldisordersareunique to patients with cancer, related either to therapy or the malignancy itself. Paraneoplastic glomerulonephritis, posthematopoietic stem-cell transplantation microangiopathy and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, and kidney injury from graft-versus-host disease are prime examples. Therefore, it is a requirement that nephrologistsbeknowledgeableabouttheseuniquedisorders.Second, many patients with cancer are now cared for at comprehensive cancer centers where nephrologists have become integral members of treatment teams. Nephrologists must provide expertiseintheevaluationandmanagementofacuteandchronickidney disease, fluid and electrolyte disorders, and the use of various extracorporeal therapies in patients with cancer. Third, the presence of acute and chronic kidney disease in patients with cancer can adversely affect treatment and outcome. Patients with cancer are at increased risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) 1 ; survival rates are significantly lower in patients with cancer and AKI compared with patients with similar disease severity who do not have cancer. 2 In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), therapeutic doses may need to be reduced (thus decreasing the so-called killing effect), or some promising agents may need to be omitted altogether. Fourth, given that the prevalence of both cancer and CKD are high, a growing number of patients require the expertise of onco-nephrologists, who must be knowledgeable about the array of new chemotherapeutic agents and their potential effects on kidney function. The hypertension, CKD, and proteinuria that are associated with the use of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents are examples. 3 Onconephrology in general, and the effects of anti-VEGF agents in particular, provide fertile ground for both clinical and basic research. Understanding the effects of anti-VEGF therapy has led to more insight into the function of the glomerular filter and the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Onco-nephrologists must also be awareoftheeffectsofvariousdialyticmodalitiesondrugclearance.
The Cost-Effectiveness of Strategies to Reduce Mortality from an Intentional Release of Aerosolized Anthrax Spores:

Background. Intentional exposures to aerosolized Bacillus anthracis spores have caused fatalities. Objective. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of strategies to reduce mortality from future inhala...
Unsupervised transfer classification: application to text categorization

We study the problem of building the classification model for a target class in the absence of any labeled training example for that class. To address this difficult learning problem, we extend the idea of transfer learning by assuming that the following side information is available: (i) a collection of labeled examples belonging to other classes in the problem domain, called the auxiliary classes; (ii) the class information including the prior of the target class and the correlation between the target class and the auxiliary classes. Our goal is to construct the classification model for the target class by leveraging the above data and information. We refer to this learning problem as unsupervised transfer classification. Our framework is based on the generalized maximum entropy model that is effective in transferring the label information of the auxiliary classes to the target class. A theoretical analysis shows that under certain assumption, the classification model obtained by the proposed approach converges to the optimal model when it is learned from the labeled examples for the target class. Empirical study on text categorization over four different data sets verifies the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
On the origin of the fig: phylogenetic relationships of Moraceae from ndhF sequences

The majority of species in the mulberry family (Moraceae) are figs (Ficus), marked by a specialized inflorescence (syconium) and an obligate mutualism with pollinating fig wasps. Because of the unique morphology of the syconium, it has been difficult to investigate the evolutionary position of the fig. We sequenced the chloroplast gene ndhF to examine relationships in Moraceae and to elucidate shifts in reproductive traits. The reclassification of tribes is warranted, and the limits of Artocarpeae, Moreae, and Castilleae are revised to reflect evolutionary relationships. The results point to ancestral dioecy in Moraceae and multiple origins of monoecy, androdioecy, and gynodioecy. Ancestral wind pollination gave way to insect pollination at least twice. Strong support for the sister-group relationship of a revised Castilleae with Ficus suggests that entomophily and involucral bracts encircling the flowers preceded the evolution of the syconium. Bracts surround flowers in Castilleae only during early development, but in Ficus the involucre and the receptacle enclose the fruit as well. Molecular dating suggests that fig pollination is at least 80-90 million years old. The diversity of Ficus relative to its sister group is a likely consequence of ancient specialization and cospeciation with pollinating fig wasps.
Is Microsoft Excel 2003 Ready for the Statistics Classroom

The primary question addressed by this article is whether or not Excel 2003 statistical capabilities have been upgraded to a level of functionality that allows its use as the primary statistical software package in statistics courses for business majors. Testing of Excel XP and earlier versions have found that results had flaws with multiple regression that included high collinearity, standard deviations that are based on large samples with little variation, normal distributions, and random number generation. This research utilized Statistical Reference Datasets from the National Institute of Standards and Technology to compare results generated from Microsoft Excel 2003, Microsoft Excel XP, Minitab Release 14, and SPSS 11.5. Results show that many of the past problems with Excel have been corrected and that Excel generates results comparable to Minitab Release 14 and SPSS 11.5.
The queer case of video games: orgasms, Heteronormativity, and video game narrative

ABSTRACTIn recent years, scholars have theorized about the narrative potential of video games. These conversations have helped to situate a complex new medium into the parameters of older forms of storytelling. This paper argues that these debates often privilege heteronormative formulations of narrative structure. Building on the work of Judith Roof (1996. Come as you are: Sexuality and narrative. New York: Columbia University Press), I illustrate how traditional narrative theory relies on masculine, heteronormative conceptualizations of a necessarily reproductive climax. Queer narrative theory, in contrast, focuses on the pleasurable possibilities embedded in the middle of the narrative. Similarly, gaming narratives play in the middle spaces where queer narrative thrives. Using this as a theoretical model, I explore how games are more effective in the narrative middle and provide a new lens for both narrative scholars and gaming scholars.
Dietary practices of South Carolina adolescents and their parents.

OBJECTIVE: To assess and identify correlates of adolescents' and parents' compliance with food guide pyramid recommendations (FGPR) and weight-control behaviors (WCB). METHODS: Data were collected from a random sample of adolescents (2,021) and parents (1,231) and were analyzed using multiple and logistic regression. RESULTS: Only 7% eight graders, 4% eleventh graders, and 3% parents met all FGPR. The most significant predictors of FGPR and WCB include knowledge, attitudes, and eating concerns. Extreme dieters were less likely and moderate dieters were more likely to meet recommendations. CONCLUSION: Results have relevance for developing nutritional programs for adolescents.
Survival of larch casebearers, Coleophora laricella (Hubner), on foliage of eight seedling conifers

Evaluation du developpement et de la survie du porte-case C. Laricella, sur plusieurs especes de coniferes (meleze, sapin, epinette, pin) au cours de la periode delimitee par la mue marquant le debut du quatrieme stade larvaire et l'eclosion de l'adulte
INFLUENCE OF VASOPRESSORS ON SURVIVAL AFTER TRAUMATIC, INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA AND ENDOTOXIN SHOCK IN RATS.

SummaryThe effects of norepinephrine, angiotensin and PLV-2 on survival of rats after traumatic, intestinal ischemia and endotoxin shock were compared. Epinephrine and angiotensin did not significantly influence survival in all 3 types of experimental shock. PLV-2 was significantly effective in traumatic and intestinal ischemia shock but not in endotoxemia. In the latter, the possible relationship of time of onset of drug therapy to the course of endotoxin shock was suggested.
Clinical effect of Xipayi Mouth Rinse on preventation of early stage gingivitis in patients of fixed orthodontics

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Xipayi Mouth Rinse on preventation of early stage gingivitis in patients of fixed orthodontics.Methods 40 malocclusion patients with fixed appliances were randomly divided into two groups and each group consisted of 20 cases.The experimental group was treated with Xipayi Mouth Rinse and normal oral health measures as soon as fixed orthodontic treatment,the control group was treated with normal oral health measures alone.Observation was made on gingivitis before and after 1,2,3 month of the treatment.The changes of gingival index(GI),plaque index(PLI) and sulcus bleeding index(SBI) were measured respectively,and then the statistical analysis was performed.Results There was no statistical significance in the periodontal indices GI,PLI and SBI between two groups before fixed orthodontic treatment;At 1,2 month after the treatment,the levels of GI、PLI and SBI of two groups were all rised,but the control group rised more evident and all showed statistical significances(P 0.05) compared with the experimental group,and at 2 month after the treatment,the levels of SBI of the experimental group showed significant differences(P 0.01) compared with the control group;At 3 month after the treatment,the periodontal indexes of two groups continued to rise,and all showed significant differences between two groups(P 0.01).Conclusion Xipayi Mouth Rinse is effective in reducing early stage gingivitis in patients of fixed orthodontics.
Revelation of Vocational Education in American Community College to Our Vocational Education

Community colleges development in U. S. A can be called a great reform of higher education in America, which play a great role for its education and economy. As for our higher vocational education, there are lots of things of it that can be referred. The character of community college is summed up in the paper, and devtlopment of higher vocational education in our country is studied too.
Bladder Rehabilitation in Patients with Old Spinal Cord Injuries with Bladder Neck Incision and External Sphincterotomy

Seventy-five patients with neurogenic bladders underwent bladder neck incision and/or external sphincterotomy to establish effective vesical emptying and reverse progressive hydronephrosis. A second operation to achieve these goals was necessary in 11 cases. The over-all success rate of these procedures in improving urinary tract stability was 94 per cent. Complications were infrequent, with hemorrhage and impaired penile erection being the principal problems. Eradication of established urinary tract infections was poor. However, infection-related morbidity was improved.
Gatekeeping beyond geographical borders: Developing an analytical model of transnational journalism cultures

This study takes a theoretical approach of gatekeeping by assessing how transnational networks of news gathering indicate a shift in the conceptualization of journalism culture. Research on journal...
Mo x-pinch performance from a new compact and portable 1-kA/ns 2-LTD-Brick driver

Mo x-pinch performance was evaluated from a recently designed, compact & portable 2-LTD-Brick driver that can deliver 200-kA peak current with a 210-ns rise time into a shot-circuit load1. The x pinch was comprised of 2×30μm Mo wires installed in anode-cathode gap with separation distance of about 1.3 cm with a wire-crossing angle of about 70°. The radiation performance is evaluated with x-ray diodes (XRDs) installed in the vacuum output ports. The radiation x-ray pulse was measured to be 2–3-ns wide and the radiation power was estimated to be at least 2–3 GW for photon energies between 12 eV & 285 eV and 400 eV & 2.4 keV. Some potential applications of our new x-pinch radiation source are discussed at the end.
Myeloproliferative Neoplasm or Reactive Process? A Rare Case of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Transient Posttreatment Megakaryocytic Hyperplasia with JAK-2 Mutation

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are hematopoietic malignancies characterized by unchecked proliferation of differentiated myeloid cells. The most common BCR-ABL1-negative MPNs are polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. The discovery of JAK2 V617F mutation has improved our understanding of the molecular basis of MPN. The high frequency of JAK2 mutation in MPN makes JAK2 mutation testing an essential diagnostic tool and potential therapeutic target for MPN. Here, we present a rare case of a 34-year-old patient who was initially diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutated NPM1. After chemotherapy treatment followed by granulocyte colony stimulating factor administration, the patient achieved complete remission of AML. However, the bone marrow showed hypercellularity with granulocytic hyperplasia, markedly increased atypical megakaryocytes (50.2/HPF) with focal clustering, and reticulin fibrosis (3/4). JAK2 V617F mutation was also detected. Considering the possibility of AML transformed from a previous undiagnosed MPN, patient underwent peripheral blood allogenic stem cell transplant. This case illustrates the diagnostic challenges of firmly establishing a diagnosis between similar, but distinct, disease entities and an accurate clinicopathological differentiation is crucial.
Exploratory outcome assessment of Qigong/Tai Chi Easy on breast cancer survivors.

Objective Breast cancer survivors (BCSs) experience symptoms affecting overall quality of life (QOL), often for a prolonged period post-treatment. Meditative Movement (MM), including Qigong and Tai Chi Easy (QG/TCE), has demonstrated benefit for improving QOL issues such as fatigue and sleep, but there is limited evidence of its impact on cognitive function, overall physical activity, and body weight for BCSs.
Determinant Coding: A Novel Framework for Exact-Repair Regenerating Codes

The exact-repair regenerating codes for distributed storage system are studied in this work. A novel coding scheme is proposed for code construction for any $(n,k,d=k)$ system. It is shown that the proposed codes are optimum, in the sense that any operating point satisfying the lower bound for the storage-bandwidth trade-off can be achieved with the proposed construction. As a consequence, the optimum linear trade-off of exact-regenerating system is fully characterized for any systems with $d=k$ . The proposed codes are linear, and can be generated by multiplication of an encoder matrix with a so-called data matrix. The exact regenerating property is provided based on fundamental properties of matrix determinants, and in particular, generalized Laplace expansion for determinant. Thus the code is called determinant code . Importantly, the field size required for this code construction is $\Theta (n)$ , the total number of nodes in the system.
Notation System for Rapid Usability Testing

In this poster, we describe a notation system developed for rapid usability testing. Using an agile development framework, this notation system gives both practitioners and researchers the tools necessary to generate and interpret user feedback in a timely manner to create better, more successful experiences for users.
Selling policy short? Faculty perspectives on the role of policy in addressing women’s underrepresentation in engineering education

ABSTRACTDespite a nearly 40-year history of research initiatives and interventions to recruit and retain women engineering students, women remain significantly underrepresented in engineering. Given the lack of progress, it seems clear that new lenses on the problem of underrepresentation warrant further attention. Higher education policies are one area that has received comparatively scant attention from researchers and administrators in regard to underrepresentation in undergraduate engineering programs. This interview-based research article explores how policy featured in engineering professors’ discussions about gender and underrepresentation in engineering. It shows that, while there is widespread awareness of workplace policies related to the careers of female engineers and engineering professors, policies related to underrepresentation in undergraduate engineering education programs are marginalized. The article concludes with seven examples of student-related policies that warrant further explorat...