cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Predictors of beef tenderness among carcasses produced under commercial conditions.

Beef carcasses (n = 240), processed using conventional commercial procedures and selected to differ in weight and s.c. fat thickness, were used to evaluate marbling score, s.c. fat thickness, 3-h pH (pH3) of the longissimus muscle (LM), and early-postmortem measurements of LM temperature as predictors of rib steak tenderness. Of the carcass traits evaluated, marbling score was the best single predictor of shear force (WBS) and panel ratings for myofibrillar tenderness (MFT). However, marbling, used alone, accounted for only 9.0 and 5.1% of the variation in WBS and MFT, respectively, and was not associated with panel ratings for connective tissue amount (CTA). Including pH3 in the prediction equation for WBS increased the R2 to .115, and inclusion of s.c. fat thickness in the equation for MFT increased the R2 to .062. Ratings for CTA were most effectively predicted using a regression equation that included 9-h LM temperature, pH3, and s.c. fat thickness (R2 = .063). Marbling score was the most effective factor evaluated for classifying carcasses into tenderness groups. Use of a minimum fat thickness constraint of .5 cm was effective for identifying tenderness differences among Select grade carcasses but was less effective within the Choice grade. Compared with marbling and s.c. fat thickness, pH3 was less effective for use in classifying carcasses into tenderness groups; however, pH3 values below 6.2 were associated with a reduction in tenderness variation. Measurements of early-postmortem LM temperature were not effective for use in identifying differences in tenderness.
The Covid-19 Pandemic and the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Acute Myocardial Infarction and Covid-19 Data from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health care system were used to compare rates of hospitalization for acute MI from March 4 through April...
A comparison of primary care parenting programs for Latinx families.

Introduction: Primary care agencies remain an ideal setting for implementing parenting programs that meet the needs of Latinx parents. However, little to no research has been done on how well adapted primary care parenting programs (PCPPs) are to the beliefs, values, and practices of many Latinx families. Method: Using 5 inclusion criteria, 8 PCPPs were selected and compared across 8 domains: focus, age of child, composition, sequence, duration, training length, estimated start-up costs, and number of cultural adaptations. Results: PCPPs vary widely across all 8 domains, with some PCPPs being relatively brief and low cost and others more all encompassing and expensive. Only 4 of the 8 programs demonstrated cultural adaptations outside Spanish translation. Conclusion: This comparison demonstrates that there is a lack of cultural consideration among researchers who develop PCPPs. Recommendations for providing culturally attuned parenting services for Latinx families within a primary care environment are given. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Semi-supervised URL Segmentation with Recurrent Neural NetworksPre-trained on Knowledge Graph Entities

Breaking domain names such as openresearch into component words open and research is important for applications like Text-to-Speech synthesis and web search. We link this problem to the classic problem of Chinese word segmentation and show the effectiveness of a tagging model based on Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) using characters as input. To compensate for the lack of training data, we propose a pre-training method on concatenated entity names in a large knowledge database. Pre-training improves the model by 33% and brings the sequence accuracy to 85%.
Dietary inflammatory index and risk of colorectal adenoma: effect measure modification by race, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cigarette smoking and body mass index?

To investigate if the association between dietary inflammatory potential and colorectal adenoma (CRA) is modified by race and factors known to modulate inflammation. We examined effect measure modification of race, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cigarette smoking and body mass index (BMI) on the diet-CRA association by employing energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII™) to characterize dietary inflammatory potential among 587 cases and 1,313 controls participating in a colonoscopy screening-based cross-sectional study of CRA. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire from which E-DII score was derived. E-DII score was calculated from 34 food parameters (constituents), utilizing an energy-adjusted global comparative database to compute z scores from which centered proportions were summed to create the score. CRA cases were defined as individuals whose colonoscopy detected at least one pathologically confirmed adenomatous polyp. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A pro-inflammatory diet was not statistically significantly associated with elevated CRA risk (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.97–1.19; p value = 0.18) in the multivariate regression model. NSAIDs use (ORnever-users 1.19; 95% CI 1.03–1.38; ORever-users 0.96; 95% CI 0.83–1.12; Pinteraction = 0.04) and race (ORAfrican Americans 1.22; 95% CI 1.03–1.44; OREuropean Americans 0.99; 95% CI 0.86–1.14; Pinteraction = 0.14) appeared to modify the association, whereas cigarette smoking and BMI did not (Pinteraction = 0.40 and 0.78, respectively). NSAIDs use and race may modify the diet-CRA association. Further investigation in prospective cohort studies is warranted to confirm these findings.
Defection Politics in India: A Threat to the Stability of Democracy

Defection means the transfer of allegiance by a legislator from one political party to another. Traditionally, the idea of floor-crossing is synonymous to the term. The rapid rise in the effective number of parties, changes in the relative strength of the national and regional parties and the political equations between them, the inability of any one party to control the Parliament, and the presence of different parties and different patterns of party competition in states have impacted the course of India’s democratization and governance. The evil of political defections has been a matter of national concern. If it is not combated, it is likely to undermine the very foundations of our democracy and the principles which sustain it. It is imperative that political parties open their eyes to growing calls for electoral political reforms and take steps towards bringing in intra-party democracy which will reduce defection in candidates and in turn strengthens our national political system.
Electric Field Induced Deformations of Biomimetic Fluid Membranes

Abstract We investigate the coupling between the mechanics of fluid membranes and transmembrane electric potential using as a model system the giant vesicle (closed bilayer membrane made of lipids or polymers). In DC electric pulses, an initially quasispherical giant vesicle can become a spherocylinder. The edge between the spherical cap and the cylindrical section appears to separate porated (conducting) and intact (insulating) regions of the membrane. The location of the edge provides a quick estimate for the critical poration voltage of a membrane. A uniform AC electric field affects membrane fluctuations, increasing the effective bending rigidity and decreasing the effective membrane tension. Moreover, a very deflated vesicle can become an asymmetric dumbbell. In the case of multicomponent membranes, the miscibility temperature (at which domains form in an initially homogeneous membrane) decreases with applied electric field strength.
Beyond Positive Reinforcement: OBM as a Humanizing Approach to Management Practices.

Abstract This article comments on the need to recognize that OBM already is a “positive psychology” for many more reasons than just that it embraces positive reinforce as a cornerstone of workplace improvement. This paper suggests there are at least 10 ways in which OBM constitutes a distinctly “positive” and humanizing approach to management practices. These ways are enumerated and briefly reviewed.
The weekend effect on the distribution of stock prices

Abstract Evidence of weekend effects on the distribution of security returns suggests that returns are generated by a process operating closer to trading time rather than calendar time. In contrast, accumulation of interest over the weekend follows a calendar-time process. Since both the variance of returns and the interest rate are important parameters of the Black-Scholes option pricing model, this paper suggests that the model be stated to account for this by utilizing a trading-time variance and a calendar-time interest rate. Empirical evidence indicates that this allows the model to better explain market option prices.
In Defense of the No Further Inquiry Rule: A Response to Professor Langbein

In an article just published in the Yale Law Journal, Professor John Langbein argues for abolition of the "no-further-inquiry" rule. This rule has, for close to two hundred years, prohibited a trustee from engaging personally in transactions with the trust, unless the trustee obtains advance approval from a court or beneficiaries. Langbein contends that the rule deters trustee behavior that benefits trust beneficiaries, and urges substitution of a "best interest" defense that mirrors rules currently applied to corporate fiduciaries. Langbein's analysis, however, fails to recognize that trustees of private express trusts face fewer incentives to act in the financial interest of trust beneficiaries than do other parties who face conflicts of interest. Trust beneficiaries are typically poor monitors of trustee behavior; beneficiaries have few opportunities to exit from the trust relationship; and market forces play a much more limited role in disciplining trustee behavior than they do in the case of the corporate fiduciary. The no-further-inquiry rule, with its bright-line prohibition and its advance approval requirement, compensates for the unique vulnerability of trust beneficiaries. The rule responds to the significant prospect of underdeterrence. This problem is inadequately addressed by a "best interest" defense, and is far more significant than the overdeterrence problem on which Langbein focuses. Judicial and legislative recognition of limited exceptions to the no-further-inquiry rule provides no evidence that the rule has outlived its usefulness. Instead, some of the exceptions are entirely consistent with the rule's rationale, while more recent exceptions reflect the lobbying power of the banking industry, not the inefficiency of the long-established rule.
LIVE TULAREMIA VACCINE I.: Host-Parasite Relationship in Monkeys Vaccinated Intracutaneously or Aerogenically

Eigelsbach, H. T. (Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), J. J. Tulis, M. H. McGavran and J. D. White. Live tularemia vaccine. I. Host-parasite relationship in monkeys vaccinated intracutaneously or aerogenically. J. Bacteriol. 84:1020–1027. 1962.—Bacteriological, histological, immunohistochemical, and serological studies were made on monkeys administered live tularemia vaccine strain LVS by either of two routes. Comparative data are presented on nonvaccinated monkeys exposed via the respiratory route to a highly virulent strain of Pasteurella tularensis. Tissue changes resulting from either aerogenic or intracutaneous vaccination were mild, and consisted primarily of the proliferation of histiocytes without the formation of granulomas. The vaccine strain was isolated from the site of vaccination of animals inoculated dermally, from the lungs of animals vaccinated aerogenically, and from the regional lymph nodes, liver, and spleen of both groups; it was not isolated from the blood or bone marrow. Proliferation of the vaccine strain at the site of dermal inoculation and in the lungs of animals exposed aerogenically was observed within 24 hr; in both groups, the maximal viable population was reached within 3 days and maintained through the 10th day. A reduction in the number of viable vaccine organisms had begun by the 14th day; isolations were obtained only from the regional lymph nodes on the 28th day, and the vaccine strain was not isolated from any of the tissues cultured on the 90th day. Because the monkey is less resistant to tularemia than is man, the benign response of this animal to live tularemia vaccine indicates that the vaccine might also be safe for man when administered by either the dermal or respiratory route.
Abstract PR01: Adaptive resistance of patient-derived ovarian cancer cells to PI3K/mTOR inhibition

Relapse due to drug resistance remains a major challenge for successful cancer treatment despite advances in chemotherapy efficacy and the development of targeted therapies. We have previously reported a therapy-induced adaptive response that is associated with treatment resistance and are investigating whether this adaptive response program could be targeted to increase treatment efficacy (Muranen et al, Cancer Cell 2012). The PI3K pathway is amplified in high-grade serous ovarian tumor and represents an attractive target in this cancer subtype. We found that both in vitro and in vivo exposure of patient-derived ovarian cancer cells to the PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor GNE-493 increases the levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, and multiple tyrosine kinase receptors, such as EGFR and HER2. Concurrent treatment of these cancer cells with GNE-493 and ABT737 (a Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl dual inhibitor) causes a reduction in cell number and increased cell death. Ongoing studies are underway to comprehensively characterize the adaptive response signature of a panel of patient-derived ovarian cancer cells and study whether targeting multiple different upregulated proteins (e.g. EGFR) may increase PI3K/mTOR treatment efficacy. Therapy resistance has also been associated with exposure of tumor cells to pro-survival factors secreted by supporting cells in the tumor microenvironment (Straussman et al, Nature 2012 and Wilson et al, Nature 2012). We found that the growth-factors EGF, inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and ascites fluid from ovarian cancer patients induces up-regulation of Bcl-2 as well as IGFR, which masked the adaptive response to PI3K/mTOR inhibitors. We are performing ongoing studies using orthotopic patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts to investigate the patterns of residual disease in vivo with the ultimate goal to identify whether Bcl-2 targeted drugs will enhance the efficacy of PI3K/mTOR inhibition and whether there is differential sensitivity at distinct anatomical sites (pancreas, diaphragm, peritoneal wall). Our studies provide a framework to identify adaptive response programs and tumor microenvironment factors in patient-derived ovarian cancer cells that limit treatment efficacy of PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibition and to develop therapies to abrogate this resistance. Citation Format: Ioannis Zervantonakis, Hsing-Yu Chen, Taru Muranen, Joyce Liu, Ronny Drapkin, Ursula Matulonis, Joan Brugge. Adaptive resistance of patient-derived ovarian cancer cells to PI3K/mTOR inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; Jun 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(4 Suppl): Abstract nr PR01.
The Effect of Incentive Regulation in Telecommunications in the United States

Incentive regulation is now an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the United States. The issue explored here is whether incentive regulation has resulted in an increase in productive efficiency. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, one methodology for measuring the effects of incentive regulation on productive efficiency is reviewed. This methodology is data envelopment analysis (DEA) and allows for the measurement of both scale efficiency and technical efficiency of individual local exchange carriers. The results indicate that most local exchange carriers were technically efficient over the 1988–1998 period. Four LECs, however, consistently demonstrate scale inefficiency. In the aggregate, however, based on the DEA results there was no identifiable improvement in aggregate LECs' technical efficiency between 1988 and 1998. Subsequently, an alternative methodology, a stochastic frontier production function approach, is considered. The results from this methodology confirm that there was no change in technical efficiency over the period of study, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to enhance.
Contrast variation in spin-echo small angle neutron scattering

The use of contrast variation in spin-echo small angle neutron scattering (SESANS) experiments is discussed for the case of colloidal structural investigation. On the basis of calculations for several model systems, we find that the contrast variation SESANS technique, in terms of the measured SESANS correlation function G(z), is not sensitive to the structural characteristics of colloidal suspensions consisting of particles with uniform scattering length density profiles. However, its ability to resolve structural heterogeneity, at both intra-colloidal and inter-colloidal length scales, is clearly demonstrated. The prospect of using this new technique to investigate structural information that is difficult to probe in other ways is also explored.
Complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome beyond the eye and skin.

Abstract Introduction Ocular and cutaneous disease are common chronic sequelae of Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) and have been well described in the literature. Long-term complications affecting other organ systems have not been so well described. The purpose of this review article is to highlight non-ocular and non-cutaneous chronic complications of SJS/TEN. Methods The PubMed database was searched for the keywords “Stevens–Johnson syndrome” and “toxic epidermal necrolysis” through September 1, 2014. Relevant articles were then reviewed in full. Results 138 articles in the English language were found that described chronic sequelae of SJS/TEN. Our search revealed six affected organ systems other than the eyes and integument, with chronic sequelae from SJS/TEN: respiratory, gastrointestinal/hepatic, oral, otorhinolaryngologic, gynecologic/genitourinary, and renal. Complications involving these organs systems appeared likely to reduce the quality of life for SJS/TEN survivors. Discussion SJS/TEN is a multi-organ disease requiring multidisciplinary care from a variety of specialists. Affected patients have complex hospital stays, and their quality of life may be severely impacted by multiple long-term complications. We believe that preventative care in the acute setting might limit the development and progression of many of the sequelae described above.
Resource appraisals among self, friend and leader : Implications for an evolutionary perspective on individual differences

Abstract The study was designed to illustrate an evolutionary approach to individual differences and friendship choice. Individual differences in personality and other trait dimensions are conceptualized as resource environments for individuals. Individuals are expected to evaluate this variation differently depending on a variety of variables and the present study evaluated the following: 1. (1) the putative role of the person being evaluated as ideal friend or ideal leader; 2. (2) subject's status as males or females; 3. (3) similarity to self. 372 subjects (279 females) completed the EAS Adult Temperament Survey and the Resource Appraisal Survey (RAS) for themselves, an ideal friend and an ideal leader. The combined EAS and RAS were factor analysed for males and females separately for 11 a priori factors (5 EAS, 6 RAS) using Principal Component Analysis with varimax rotation. The results generally yielded a rationally interpretable, robust set of factors. ANOVA results on these factors indicated evolutionarily predicted sex differences, particularly with regard to the Intimacy/Warmth dimension. Females scored themselves higher on Intimacy/Warmth than males and rated this characteristic as more important in an ideal friend and an ideal leader than did males. In general, ideal leaders were expected to be higher than ideal friends in scales intended to tap variation in physical attractiveness, intelligence, conscientiousness, activity and sociability and lower in emotionality and disabilities—traits which may well be important in a leader; ideal friends, on the other hand were expected to be higher than prospective leaders in athletic ability and Intimacy/Warmth—traits which are presumably more important for a successful friendship.
Active control of adaptive optics system in a large segmented mirror telescope

For a large adaptive optics system such as a large segmented mirror telescope SMT, it is often difficult, although not impossible, to directly apply common multi-input multi-output MIMO controller design methods due to the computational burden imposed by the large dimension of the system model. In this article, a practical controller design method is proposed which significantly reduces the system dimension for a system where the dimension required to represent the dynamics of the plant is much smaller than the dimension of the full plant model. The proposed method decouples the dynamic and static parts of the plant model by a modal decomposition technique to separately design a controller for each part. Two controllers are then combined using the so-called sensitivity decoupling method so that the resulting feedback loop becomes the superposition of the two individual feedback loops of the dynamic and static parts. A MIMO controller was designed by the proposed method using the H∞ loop-shaping technique for an SMT model to be compared with other controllers proposed in the literature. Frequency-domain analysis and time-domain simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed controller.
Critical current density and microstructure of 7–8 μm thick spray pyrolyzed films of TlBa2Ca2Cu3Oy

Abstract Tape applications require high values of critical current density in thick films of TlBa 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O y (Tl-1223). Previous work on polycrystalline YSZ substrates has shown average values of J c (77 K, 0 T) = 60 kA cm −2 for films 3–5 μm thick. The effect of varying the substrate temperature (853–868°C) during thallination in a two-zone flow-through furnace is studied here for thicker films (7–8 μm thick). Film density and the zero-resistance transition temperature increase with increasing processing temperature, as does the amount and size of the plate-like features on the film surface. X-ray diffraction shows that alignment improves with increasing temperature, but is still below values obtained for 3 μm thick films. Phases other than Tl-1223 were found at all processing temperatures. Values of J c for the 7–8 μm thick films are generally lower than for the thinner 3–5 μm thick ones, but the current per sample width can be higher (the highest value for the thinner films was 5 A mm −1 , whereas at substrate temperatures > 860°C, 7% of the segments of the 7–8gmm thick films had values A mm −1 .
Mycobacterial infections following bone marrow transplantation: a 20 year retrospective review

Mycobacterial infections are common in people with impaired cell-mediated immunity. Bone marrow transplant recipients have this defect and might be expected to have a high incidence of mycobacterial infections. We reviewed mycobacterial infections in 2241 BMT recipients at the University of Minnesota Hospital. Mycobacterial infections were diagnosed in 11 (0.49%), including nine of 1486 allograft recipients (0.6%) and two of 755 (0.26%) autograft recipients. Two patients had M. tuberculosis infection, two, M. avium-intracellulare infection and seven, infection with rapid growing atypical mycobacteria (M. fortuitum or M. chelonae). The manifestations included unexplained fever, pulmonary infiltrates, osteomyelitis or central venous catheter tunnel inflammation. Six of the seven infections with rapid growing atypical mycobacteria were related to central venous catheters. Appropriate local measures and therapy with antimycobacterial medications resulted in complete resolution of infection in the nine patients treated. The low incidence of mycobacterial infection observed in BMT recipients contrasts with that observed in people with impaired cell-mediated immunity.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of RNA2 of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Y Strain

cDNA clones covering full-length of cucumber mosaic virus Y strain (CMV-Y) RNA2 were synthesized and the complete nucleotide sequence of the RNA was determined. Specific restriction sites, PstI and NotI, wer eadded to the 5' and 3' end of cDNAs, respectively. It consisted of 3, 051 nucleotides and contained a long single open reading frame of 2, 571 nucleotides. GDD consensus sequence, which is thought to be a “polymerase site”, and a common motif surrounding it was found in the amino acid sequence deduced from the RNA. There was almost complete sequence homology between CMV-Y and Fny-CMV RNA2s (98.4% sequence homology at the nucleotide level and 99.5% at the amino acid level). By contrast, lower degree of sequence homology was observed between CMV-Y and CMV-Q RNA2s (71.4% sequence homology at the nucleotide level and 74.4% at the amino acid level). These results suggest that CMV-Y belongs to Subgroup I.
Postweaning environmental and social factors influencing the onset and expression of agonistic behavior in Norway rats

Abstract Two studies were conducted to determine the importance of the postweaning environment and social milieu in regulating the expression of intraspecific aggression in Norway rats. In Experiment 1, male rats were housed either individually or in pairs at 21 days of age. In addition, one-half of the singly housed and paired animals were given experiences with intruders during maturation. At 85 days of age, all animals were given a brief intruder test and then removed from their postweaning environment and provided individually with homecages for a two week period until tested for aggression toward intruders. Results of intruder tests given during maturation indicated agonistic exchanges appeared earlier and more frequently in cages housing a single resident than cages with cohabiting males. However, agonistic exchanges between singly reared residents and intruders had detrimental consequences in adulthood especially under long-term combat situations. That is, although individually reared animals, with early fighting experiences, were capable of initiating intraspecific aggression, such individuals were unable to defend their homecage over a long period of time as evidenced by the high number of wounds and tendency to lose body weight during adult fighting. In Experiment 2, male Norway rats were reared in pairs from 21 days of age and identified as dominant or subordinate on the basis of intracolony social interactions shown during maturation. At 80 days of age, animals were paired with individually reared males in an unfamiliar cage for a 20 day period and examined for agonistic behavior toward intruders at 100 days of age. Group-reared subordinate males exhibited defensive behavior during confrontations with individually reared animals and incurred more wounds and lost more body weight than their cohabiting partner. In addition, subordinate males showed significantly fewer offensive postures toward intruders than individually reared cohabitants. In contrast, group-reared dominant animals did not differ from individually reared males in display of agonistic patterns, in number of wounds, and body weight changes during the period of cohabitation. These findings demonstrate that early rearing factors have pronounced effects on agonistic behavior. Animals experiencing defeat during development are more likely to lose agonistic confrontations in unfamiliar territory than either animals dominant in their early social interactions or animals without the experience of winning or losing agonistic encounters. These results have implications for the understanding of agonistic behavior and predicting outcomes of animal contests, and reveal important differences in agonistic experiences among animals reared in groups.
Single and multiple metachronous osteosarcoma tumors after therapy.

BACKGROUND The objective of the current study was to determine the incidence, clinical and pathologic characteristics, and outcome of patients with conventional osteosarcoma who developed metachronous tumors after treatment for the primary tumor and prevention of pulmonary metastases. METHODS The medical records of 270 pediatric patients (younger than age 18 years) were reviewed. The prevention and absence of pulmonary metastases was confirmed by chest radiographs and computerized scans of the lungs. Radionuclide bone scans were used to confirm the absence of skeletal metastases. RESULTS Eleven patients with metachronous tumors were identified. Index primary tumors involved the femur (n = 8), the tibia (n = 2), and the radius (n = 1). Single metachronous tumors developed in the femur (n = 6), in the humerus (n = 1), and multifocal in multiple bones (n = 4). Two patients later developed second metachronous tumors. The interval between identification of the primary tumor to development of the single metachronous tumors varied from 11 months to 78 months and from 12 months to 42 months for synchronous multifocal tumors. Metachronous tumors were treated with single-agent cisplatin or ifosfamide. Only 1 patient experienced > 90% tumor necrosis. Pulmonary metastases were not detected in 10 of 11 patients at the time metachronous tumors were discovered. In the 11th patient, synchronous pulmonary metastasis with the metachronous tumor was noted. Three patients had a prior history of bilateral retinoblastoma. The Li–Fraumeni syndrome may have been present in another patient. Six patients died. Five patients have survived for 20+ to 50+ months after the appearance, treatment, and resection of metachronous tumors. CONCLUSIONS With improvement in the cure rate, metachronous osteosarcoma should be recognized as an important sequela in long-term survivors. The etiology of this disease is unknown. Speculation rests on a skeletal multicentric origin, which includes an inherited predisposition to develop osteosarcoma in retinoblastoma and in the Li–Fraumeni syndrome. Meticulous follow-up is required to permit early detection and successful therapeutic intervention. Cancer 2003. © 2003 American Cancer Society.
Spin determination from angular structure of p12 proton transfer in the 48Ca(15N, 14C)49Sc reaction☆

Abstract The angular momentum selection rules for the transfer of p 1 2 nucleon to j > and j final states, and the recently observed angular L -dependence in heavy-ion transfer reactions can be used to determine final-state spins. This is shown for the reaction 48 Ca( 15 N, 14 C) 49 Sc.
High resolution laser speckle contrast imaging of cerebral blood flow at microscopic scale during functional activation

We developed a high resolution laser speckle contrast imaging system which enhanced the resolution to 4 microns. This allows us to study the hemodynamics to functional activation at single arteriole or venule level.
Abstract 22: RECQ1 promotes the expression of genes significantly associated with cancer progression

RecQ helicases (represented by five homologs in humans: RECQ1, WRN, BLM, RECQ4, and RECQ5) are vital to maintain genomic stability under replication stress and germ line mutations in WRN, BLM and RECQ4 are associated with cancer predisposition syndromes. Expression of RECQ1 has been associated with the process of cellular transformation and over-expression of RECQ1 has been reported in a variety of human cancers. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of RECQ1 has a cancer cell specific effect in cell culture models and also suppresses tumor growth in mouse xenografts including lung, liver, pancreatic and colorectal cancer. In a panel of 60 human cancer cell lines (NCI-60), we have found that RECQ1 mRNA expression positively correlates with the mesenchymal marker Vimentin and negatively correlates with epithelial markers such as KRT8. We also observed significant positive correlation of RECQ1 expression with Vimentin and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) promoting proteins and negative correlation with CDH1 (epithelial marker) in cancer patient samples from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas). Importantly, quantitative real-time PCR analyses in a set of 16 colorectal cancer patient samples revealed strong positive correlation of RECQ1 expression with Vimentin. Furthermore, lower expression of RECQ1 significantly correlated with better prognosis of recurrence-free survival in breast and ovarian cancer patients. Global analyses of gene expression upon knockdown of RECQ1 in HeLa (cervical adenocarcinomas) and MDA-MB-231 (breast adenocarcinoma) cells identified a subset of genes involved in cell invasion, migration and adhesion as most robustly regulated by RECQ1. Consistent with this result, we demonstrate that knockdown of RECQ1 significantly inhibits cell migration and invasion. These findings identify a novel function of RECQ1 in regulation of gene expression and suggest that RECQ1 contributes to tumor development and progression, in part, through regulating the expression of key genes that promote invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Additionally, our data suggests that RECQ1 expression may serve as predictive marker of clinical outcome. Citation Format: Xing Lu, Xiao Ling Li, Swetha Parvathaneni, Ashish Lal, Sudha Sharma. RECQ1 promotes the expression of genes significantly associated with cancer progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Susceptibility and Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes; Jan 29-Feb 1, 2014; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(23 Suppl):Abstract nr 22. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CANSUSC14-22
Ideology Isn't Everything: Transnational Terrorism, Recruitment Incentives, and Attack Casualties

In the current literature, the primary determinants of terrorist attack casualty rates have been attributed to religious fundamentalism. While zealotry, martyrdom, and the pursuit of salvation certainly empower religious fundamentalists with the liberty to decimate human targets, I argue that the sustaining necessity to recruit more terrorists from within the population, not religious fundamentalism alone, is an important predictor of the brutality of an attack. When targets are located within a potential recruitment population, there is an imminent need to restrict violence, as unnecessary collateral damage turns potential supporters away, rather than attracts them. Conversely, transnational attacks occurring outside the recruitment population abrogate these restrictions on violence. I test this argument on terrorist attacks from 1998–2005 and find empirical evidence that transnational attacks are a predictive cause of high casualty rates in a target population.
SOME MORPHOLOGIC SYSTEMATICS OF COMPLEX IMPACT STRUCTURES

Current measurements of the horizontal dimensions of complex meteorite structures are summarized. The measurements were used in a least squares analysis of correlations among the dimensions of the crater rings and central peaks of compact meteorites. Some geometric similarities between terrestrial complex impact structures and the large multiring basin of the planets are demonstrated, and the possible physical constraints on ring formation are discussed.
Analysis of Colloidal Phases in Urban Stormwater Runoff

The composition and morphology of colloidal materials entering an urban waterway (Brays Bayou, Houston, U.S.A.) during a storm event was investigated. Analyses of organic carbon, Si, Al, Fe, Cr, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ca, Mg, and Ba were performed on the fraction of materials passing through a 0.45 μm filter. This fraction, traditionally defined as “dissolved”, was further fractionated by ultracentrifugation into colloidal and dissolved fractions. Colloids, operationally defined by this procedure, accounted for 17% of the carbon, 32% of the silica, 79% of the Al, 85% of the Fe, 52% of the Cr, 43% of the Mn, and 29% of the Zn present in filtrates when averaged over the storm event. However, the composition of colloidal material was observed to change over time. For example, colloids were predominantly composed of silica during periods of dry weather flow and at the maximum of the stormwater flow, while carbon dominated the colloidal fraction at the beginning and declining stages of the storm event. These changes in c...
Ultrastructural changes of statoconia after segmentation of the otolithic membrane

Abstract The chick vestibule transformed from a homogeneous epithelial layer at day 2 (stage 15) into a pseudo-stratified epithelial layer at day 4 (stage 24). The apical columnal appearance of sensory cells was evident by day 6 (stage 29). In the supporting cells of the saccule and utricle large rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns filled with material similar to the primitive organic matrix. Fibrillar material of the otolithic membrane remained attached to the supporting cells and accumulated over the saccule and utricle. The primitive otolithic membrane acquired stress-like lines and statoconial units emerged from the upper surface without a central core. Statoconia thickened at the periphery and a central core formed. Calcium was deposited between the fibrils of older statoconia which were located on top of the segmenting membrane. DIAMOX inhibited statoconia formation and/or prevented calcium and the matrix from associating. Large statoconia (100–200 μm diameter) were formed in embryos injected with this carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Gel electrophoresis of immature statoconial complexes yielded at least 5 major protein bands between 25 and 210 kDa. Ouabain-sensitive potassium-dependent p -nitrophenylphosphatase activity was demonstrated in the endolymphatic sac of newly hatched chicks.
TU‐B‐L100E‐01: Medical Response Planning for Nuclear/Radiological Emergencies: Roles of the Medical Physicist

Medical health physicists working in a clinical setting have a number of key roles in preparing for and responding to a nuclear or radiological emergency, such as a terrorist attack involving a radiological dispersal device or an improvised nuclear device. Their first responsibility, of course, is to assist hospital administrators and facility managers in developing radiological emergency response plans for their facilities and train staff prior to an emergency. During a hospital's response to a nuclear or radiological emergency, medical health physicists may be asked to (1) evaluate the level of radiological contamination in or on incoming victims; (2) help the medical staff evaluate and understand the significance of the levels of radioactivity with which they are dealing; (3) orient responding medical staff with principles of dealing with radioactive contaminants; (4) provide guidance to staff on decontamination of patients and facilities; and (5) assist local public health authorities in monitoring people who are not injured but who have been or are concerned that they may have been exposed to radioactive materials or radiation as a result of the incident. Medical health physicists may also be called upon to communicate with staff, patients, and the media on radiological issues related to the event. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is developing guidance in the areas of radiological population monitoring, handling contaminated fatalities, and using hospital equipment for emergency monitoring. CDC is also developing training and informationmaterials that may be useful to medical health physicists who are called upon to assist in developing facility response plans or respond to a nuclear or radiological incident. Educational Objectives: 1. Understand how the medical community will be involved in respond to a nuclear or radiological emergency. 2. Understand key roles that medical health physicists can play in preparing for and responding to such emergencies. 3. Learn what resources are available to assist medical health physicists and how these resources can be used.
Relationships between intra-speaker variation in aerodynamic measures of voice production and variation in SPL across repeated recordings

Intra-speaker variation in aerodynamic and acoustic measures of voice production across repeated recordings was studied in relation to cross-recording variation in SPL for three normal female and t...
Resting gated pool ejection fraction: A poor predictor of perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing vascular surgery for infrainguinal bypass grafting

Abstract Ventricular ejection fraction is widely regarded as a prognostic indicator of perioperative myocardial infarction. To evaluate this premise the prevalence of perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac death was analyzed in relation to preoperative resting gated pool ejection fraction in 85 patients undergoing vascular surgery for infrainguinal bypass grafting. Patients were divided into three groups on the basis of ejection fraction. Group I consisted of 50 patients with ejection fractions of 56% to 92%. Nine (18%) perioperative myocardial infarctions occurred in group I, and there were no cardiac deaths. Group II consisted of 20 patients with ejection fractions of 37% to 55%. Three (15%) myocardial infarctions occurred in this group, and there were no cardiac deaths. Group III included 15 patients with ejection fractions of 20% to 35%. Three (20%) cardiac events occurred in group III including one nonfatal myocardial infarction and two (13%) cardiac deaths. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in prevalence of cardiac events between any group. These results suggest that resting ejection fraction is a poor predictor of perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing vascular surgery. Patients with normal ejection fractions, but underlying coronary artery disease, are still at significant risk for a perioperative cardiac event. (J Vasc Surg 1989;10:656–61.)
Densification and structural change of mechanically alloyed W-Cu composites

Fine-grained, high-density (97+ pct of theoretical density (TD)), 80W-20Cu wt pct (58W-42Cu at. pct) composites have been prepared using nonconventional alloying techniques. The W and Cu precursor powders were combined by a high-energy ball-milling procedure in air or hexane. The mechanically alloyed W+Cu powder mixtures were then cold pressed into green compacts and sintered at 1523 K. The milling medium and milling time were varied to increase product densities with a concomitant order-of-magnitude decrease in grain size. For densification, air was found to be a more effective medium than hexane. From microhardness measurements, it was concluded that the W-Cu alloys were dispersion and solution hardened, but were sensitive to entrapped residual impurities. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron micros-copy (SEM) analyses were used to demonstrate that the as-milled and sintered W-Cu alloy structures were metastable, decomposing into the starting W and Cu components upon heating at or above 723 K.
A Portfolio Approach to Evaluating Natural Hazard Mitigation Policies: An Application to Lateral-Spread Ground Failure in Coastal California

In the past, efforts to prevent catastrophic losses from natural hazards have largely been undertaken by individual property owners based on site—specific evaluations of risks to particular buildings. Public efforts to assess community vulnerability and encourage mitigation have focused on either aggregating site—specific estimates or adopting standards based upon broad assumptions about regional risks. This paper develops an alternative, intermediate—scale approach to regional risk assessment and the evaluation of community mitigation policies. Properties are grouped into types with similar land uses and levels of hazard, and hypothetical community mitigation strategies for protecting these properties are modeled like investment portfolios. The portfolios consist of investments in mitigation against the risk to a community posed by a specific natural hazard. and are defined by a community's mitigation budget and the proportion of the budget invested in locations of each type. The usefulness of this appro...
Select light spectra affect gonad color in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus

It is suggested that gonad color in sea urchins depends upon the in vivo accumulation and metabolism of red and yellow carotenoid pigments. We hypothesized that differential light exposure could affect carotenoid deposition and, hence, gonad color in sea urchins. We therefore performed two experiments to determine whether light spectra affect the gonad color of Lytechinus variegatus. In the first experiment, urchins were fed a formulated feed supplemented with or without β-carotene and held beneath three lighting regimes designed to emit differing wavelengths of the visible spectrum. After 12 weeks, urchins were dissected and gonad color (CIE L*a*b*) was measured with a Pantone Capsure RM200. Actinic light significantly increased the value of a* (red) in gonad color. Color in the orange and yellow spectra in the gonads increased in individuals fed the β-carotene supplemented diet. In the second experiment, we cultured urchins for nine weeks under lamps specialized to emit UV radiation. All urchins in this...
Neuronal GM1 Gangliosidosis in a Siamese Cat with β-Galactosidase Deficiency

A juvenile Siamese cat with severe, progressive motor disability was shown to have extensive neuronal degeneration caused by accumulation of GM(1) ganglioside. Tissues from brain and kidney were markedly deficient in beta-galactosidase activity. The disease in this cat is thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, and is strikingly similar to juvenile GM(1) gangliosidosis of children.
Technical note: The two faces of the split-plot analysis of variance

Three separate sources provide incomplete information on the computer analysis of the split-plot factorial analysis of variance. Illustrative data are used to point out the mathematical and logical inconsistencies that arise from this deficiency.
A pauper dead-house: the expansion of the Cambridge anatomical teaching school under the late-Victorian poor law, 1870-1914.

The file for this record is permanently embargoed in accordance with the Publisher's policies. The full text of the chapter can be found at the publisher's link above or at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC546296/
Li−Fe−P−O2 Phase Diagram from First Principles Calculations

We present an efficient way to calculate the phase diagram of the quaternary Li−Fe−P−O2 system using ab initio methods. The ground-state energies of all known compounds in the Li−Fe−P−O2 system were calculated using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) approximation to density functional theory (DFT) and the DFT+U extension to it. Considering only the entropy of gaseous phases, the phase diagram was constructed as a function of oxidation conditions, with the oxygen chemical potential, μO2, capturing both temperature and oxygen partial pressure dependence. A modified Ellingham diagram was also developed by incorporating the experimental entropy data of gaseous phases. The phase diagram shows LiFePO4 to be stable over a wide range of oxidation environments, being the first Fe2+-containing phase to appear upon reduction at μO2 = −11.52 eV and the last of the Fe-containing phosphates to be reduced at μO2 = −16.74 eV. Lower μO2 represents more reducing conditions, which generally correspond to higher t...
“Becoming Rather Than Being”: Queer’s Double-Edged Discourse as Deconstructive Practice

This essay introduces the concept double-edged discourse (an oppositional discourse within another, larger oppositional discourse), relating it to the queer identity discourse that emerged within L...