cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular response to maximal cycle exercise duringpregnancy and at two and seven months postpartum

We examined the cardiovascular response at rest and during upright cycle exercise in nine women during pregnancy (25.6 +/- 3.0 weeks' gestation) and at 2 months (8.8 +/- 1.8 weeks) and 7 months (30.0 +/- 2.5 weeks) post partum. Antepartum resting cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume were higher, whereas the arterial-venous oxygen difference was lower than both postpartum values. The antepartum resting oxygen uptake did not differ from 2 months post partum but was higher than at 7 months post partum. Cardiac output during submaximal exercise was greater antepartum than at both postpartum tests. Submaximal antepartum oxygen uptake, heart rate, and stroke volume were generally higher, and the arterial-venous oxygen difference was lower than at 7 months post partum. The slope of the antepartum cardiac output versus oxygen uptake relationship did not differ from the value at 2 months post partum, (6.16 +/- 1.38 and 5.84 +/- 1.34, p greater than 0.05) but was higher than at 7 months post partum (5.22 +/- 0.78, p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences in maximal oxygen uptake or heart rate among the three testing periods. Maximal cardiac output and stroke volume were higher antepartum than at 2 and 7 months post partum, whereas the arterial-venous oxygen difference was lower than at 7 months post partum. There were few significant differences in resting, submaximal, or maximal measurements between the two postpartum conditions. These data suggest that the augmented cardiac response to exercise during pregnancy is reduced by 2 months post partum but that additional time may be required for a complete resolution of the cardiovascular changes induced by pregnancy.
Subcommunity Gladiatorial Competition: Civil Rights Leadership as a Competitive Process

This paper presents an analysis of the factors causing variation in the degree and character of civil rights leadership competition in 14 cities. Leadership competition is found to be closely linked with structural components of the Negro subcommunity. Organized competition is found in cities where leaders have several independent bases of support, while independent competition occurs where there is a weak community prestige structure. Also, evidence is presented which clarifies the social consequences of leadership competition. Organized competition facilitates intense activity, but individual competition most often results in sustained civil rights activity. Cities with no leadership competition seem best capable of maintaining a disciplined drive for specific goals. s is often the case, the folklore of American politics contains two conflicting statements about the value of competition for political leadership. On the one hand, competition for political office is assumed to be the measure of a thriving democracy. On the other hand, we tend to think of intensely competitive politics as the breeding ground for the spectacular demagogue. In particular, the American Negro civil rights movement is seen as an example of a situation in which high levels of competition have promoted "irresponsible" leadership.1 In this paper we will examine the civil rights movement in 14 cities, and present an analysis of the factors which cause variations in the degree and character of leadership competition and the way in which this competition has affected these movements.
An overview of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

Abstract SSRL's beam lines and experimental stations, as they existed in the spring of 1979, are described. Plans for the future development of the Laboratory are presented.
The relationship between crystal structure and NMR relaxation in molecular solids with tert-butyl groups

We correlate an X-ray determination of the molecular and crystal structures of 2-tert-butylanthracene and 2-tert-butylanthraquinone reported here with the previously reported dynamical nuclear magnetic resonance determination of the motions of the tert-butyl groups and their resident methyl groups in the solid state [P.A. Beckmann, K.S. Burbank, M.M.W. Lau, J.N. Ree, T.L. Weber, Chem. Phys. 290 (2003) 241].
Obesity Is Associated with Reduced Self-Rated General Health Status: Evidence from a Representative Sample of White, Black, and Hispanic Americans

Background. Although the evidence linking obesity with many chronic diseases is well established, the relationship with self-rated health is not clear. Self-rating of health is a broad summary measure of different domains of health that include psychosocial domain. The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between obesity and self-rated health and the degree of agreement between patients' self-rated health status and physicians' impression of patients' health in a representative sample of healthy noninstitutionalized American adults. Methods. Data (n = 10, 298) used for this analysis were obtained from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Normal weight was defined as BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 and preobesity was defined as BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2. Moderate (class I) obesity was defined as BMI 30–34.9 kg/m2 and severe (class II) obesity as BMI ≥35 kg/m2. Self-rated health conditions were categorized as excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor. Agreement between physicians' impression and self-rated health and a linear relationship between obesity and individual perceived health were quantified using κ and γ statistics, respectively. Using the logistic regression analysis, odds of reporting reduced health in preobese, class I obese, and class II obese individuals were compared with those for normal-weight individuals, adjusting for age, current smoking, and alcohol intake. The contribution of obesity to ethnic differences in reduced self-rated health was determined by comparing blacks with whites and Hispanics with whites fitted in multiple logistic regression models. Results. Among both men and women, there was a statistically significant linear association between obesity and self-rated health (P < 0.05). The proportion of subjects reporting excellent health tended to decrease with increasing level of obesity in the three ethnic groups. In the three ethnic groups, the degrees of concordance between self-rated health and physicians' impressions were poor and decreased with increasing obesity level. In each ethnic group, class II obesity was associated with approximately twofold increased odds of reporting reduced health compared with normal-weight individuals. Compared to whites, black and Hispanic races/ethnicities were respectively associated with 23 and 175% increased odds of reduced self-rated health among men. The corresponding values for women were 45 and 177%, respectively. Conclusion. The results of this study provide evidence that obesity has a negative impact on self-rated health among adults, even in the absence of chronic disease conditions. The results of this investigation also underscore the need to craft national preventive strategies to curb obesity in these at-risk population groups.
COMOL: computer-aided operations and management of the LIFT

Abstract A comprehensive vehicle scheduling system has been developed for the City of El Paso's LIFT transportation service. The LIFT transportation service is a bus service for the physically handicapped and the elderly and it provides door-to-door service. COMOL (Computerized Operation and Management of the LIFT) is a generalized database management system developed to manage operations similar to the operations at the LIFT. It has a modular design and consists of six interlinked modules. Each module has been developed to handle a particular subset of the entire operation. For example the Trip Request module was designed taking into consideration that the dispatcher can take in all types of trip requests within this module. All different options needed for editing of trip requests are available in this module. However, data flow between the modules ensures that this information is available to the dispatcher in the Vehicle Scheduling module. The system has been designed so that any specialized needs can be included as a separate module. The databases were carefully designed to optimize access time and the passenger identification number was chosen as the link to provide a ‘dataflow chain’ between the different databases. Productivity gains are defined in terms of number of trip requests completed per hour and the amount of additional time available to the operators to carry out scheduling. A preliminary time study carried out showed that the time required to take in a trip request using the current manual system was 135 seconds as opposed to 20 seconds required by COMOL.
Uncertainty and structural issues facing the seed handling industry

The traditional seed handling industry has faced substantial variation in local demands for field crop seed quantities and varieties during the last decade or more. Seed handling firms in Georgia were surveyed to elicit market structure and conduct information and to ascertain issues confronting the industry. Concerns included perceptions of structural changes in the seed handling industry following the Plant Variety Protection Act (1970). Patent law may be expected to contribute to further structural changes in the marketing of seed inputs.
Continuous measures in one dimension

Families of unimodal maps satisfying (1) Tλ: [−1,1]↦[−1,1] withT(±1)=−1 and |Tλ′(1)|>1. (2) Tλ(x) isC2 inx2 and λ, and symmetric inx. (3) T0(0)=0,T1(0)=1 with\(\frac{d}{{d\lambda }}\)Tλ(0)>0 are considered. The results of Guckenheimer (1982) are extended to show that there is a positive measure of λ for whichTλ has a finite absolutely continuous invariant measure.
Scaled CMOS reliability and considerations for spacecraft systems: Bottom-up and top-down perspectives

The recently launched Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) flagship mission, named Curiosity, is the most complex rover ever built by NASA and is scheduled to touch down on the red planet in August, 2012 in Gale Crater. The rover and its instruments will have to endure the harsh environments of the surface of Mars to fulfill its main science objectives. Such complex systems require reliable microelectronic components coupled with adequate component and system-level design margins. Reliability aspects of these elements of the spacecraft system are presented from bottom-up and top-down perspectives.
Information Content of Maturing TIIS

During their last coupon period, Treasury Inflation-Indexed Securities (TIIS) are transformed from inflation-protection securities into Treasury bills due to the lag effect in indexing inflation. A study of the first issue of TIIS that matured on July 15, 2002, indicates that TIIS prices in the final six months convey useful information about the market9s assessment of inflation risk. TIIS prices reveal that the market was concerned more about disinflation than inflation during the first quarter of 2002. This special period of transformation also permits a controlled experiment of the market9s ability to aggregate information about inflation; TIIS prices efficiently reflect inflation information at the time inflation takes place.
Investigation on full ceramic bearing fault diagnostics using vibration and AE sensors

Full ceramic bearings are considered the first step towards full ceramic and oil free engines in the future. Few researches on full ceramic bearing fault diagnostics using both vibration and acoustic emission (AE) sensors have been reported. In this paper, a research investigation on full ceramic bearing fault diagnostics using vibration and AE sensors is reported. The research utilizes empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to pre-process both vibration and AE signals and a novel multidimensional vibration and AE fault feature extraction method is developed to generate the condition indicators (CIs). These CIs are used to build a fault classifier using a k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm. Seeded fault tests on full ceramic bearing outer race, inner race, balls, and cage are conducted on a bearing fault diagnostic test rig and both vibration signals and AE burst type signals are collected. The effectiveness of the vibration and AE based diagnostic techniques is validated using real full ceramic bearing seeded fault test data. A comparison of fault diagnostic performance between vibration and AE sensors is provided.
Cosmology : What one needs to know

Cosmology, the study of the universe, has a past, which is reviewed here. The standard model—the Big Bang, or the hot, dense early universe that is still expanding—is based on observations that are basically consistent but which require additional input to improve the agreement. Out of the early universe came the galaxies and stars that shine today. The future of the universe depends on the density of matter: too much mass leads to the Big Crunch; too little leads to eternal expans ion and cooling. The dark-matter problem prevents us from knowing which will be the fate of the universe. Thelimits of what may be called “scientific” are addressed.
Methodology for object-oriented system architecture development

The classical approach to developing system architectures starts with the Functional Flow Diagrams (FFD). The FFDs are decomposed into the lowest level necessary to produce the functional architecture. The functional architecture is then organized into logical pieces to produce the physical architecture. The current object-oriented approach to developing the system architecture still starts with the FFDs. But the FFDs are basically a structured methodology which is diametrically opposed to the object-oriented paradigm. Structured methodology focuses on the functions or processes in the system while the object-oriented methodology is based on the objects or nouns in the system. Functions are actions or verbs. Objects are nouns, i.e. person, place, or thing. Thus the structured approach is the opposite of the object-oriented approach. This paper formulates a wholly object-oriented (OO) approach to system architecture development. The advantages of an OO approach to system architecture are the same as the advantages of OO to software architecture, namely the tight coupling and encapsulation within an object and the loose coupling between objects. This type of architecture is well-suited to systems of systems which must be flexible enough to add and remove systems.
Pulmonary embolism, right ventricular strain, and intracardiac thrombus-in-transit: Evaluation using comprehensive cardiothoracic computed tomography

Abstract A 67-year-old woman presented with symptoms of exertional chest discomfort and dyspnea that had been progressive over the past few days. Her initial evaluation was significant of a mildly elevated troponin-T level and T-wave inversion in leads V1–V2 on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Initial suspicion was for acute coronary syndrome. However, a transthoracic echocardiogram showed normal left ventricular systolic function, moderate right ventricular enlargement with moderate decrease in systolic function, possible left atrial mass or thrombus, and a possible right atrial mass or thrombus versus a prominent Chiari network. ECG-gated comprehensive cardiothoracic computed tomography (CT) with a 64-slice multidetector CT was done to assess for pulmonary embolism or acute coronary syndrome and to further evaluate the possible right and left atrial masses. This showed large bilateral pulmonary embolism, interatrial thrombus in transit through a patent foramen ovale, and minimal coronary atherosclerosis. Dynamic imaging showed right ventricular enlargement with severe systolic dysfunction. The patient underwent successful pulmonary thromboembolectomy, removal of intracardiac thrombus, and closure of patent foramen ovale.
Ocular Findings Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type II

Background: Neurofibromatosis has been recently acknowledged as consisting of a number of different diseases. Neurofibromatosis (NF) type I and NF type II are the most clearly defined. Type II is characterized by bilateral acoustic neuromas and is rare (its incidence is 1/50,000). The previously reported ocular associations of NF type II are posterior subcapsular cataracts, Lisch nodules, and combined hamartomata of the retinal pigment epithelium and retina. In this study, the authors attempt to define further the ocular manifestations of NF type II. Methods: The authors prospectively examined 9 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for NF type II (age, 18 to 38 years; mean, 25 years). Results: Seven of nine patients had epiretinal membranes in the posterior pole. None of these epiretinal membranes were visually significant. In addition, five patients had central posterior cortical cataracts and five had peripheral wedge-shaped cortical cataracts. Conclusion: The presence of epiretinal membranes in young patients may represent another clinical finding associated with NF type II. Epiretinal membranes, central posterior cataracts, peripheral cortical cataracts, or combined hamartoma of the retinal epithelium and retina in young patients should alert the ophthalmologist to include NF type II in the differential diagnosis in patients with stigmata of NF type II.
Applications of SOI Technologies to Communication

This paper presents an overview of emerging SOI technologies and their application to communication ICs. The unique properties of Si and SiO2, coupled with the broad range of achievable SiO2 film thicknesses, allow tuning of existing devices and the design of new devices targeting RF, high-speed wire line, and photonic communication applications. By using high-resistivity Si substrates, it becomes possible to realize inductors with Q as high as 50 as well as high-power RF switches. Record SOI NFET fT of 485GHz and fMAX of 430GHz have been measured, enabling the design of a broad range of high performance circuits, including 100GHz CML dividers, >100 GHz LC-VCOs, and 16Gb/s 8-port core back-plane transceivers. Finally, due to the large difference in refractive index between Si and SiO2, SOI technology allows the efficient design of photonic devices and circuits.
A Review of: “Teyber, E. (2000)”

In his preface, Teyber describes this text as a tool designed for beginning therapists that replaces nebulous ideas about treatment and the change process with more concrete approaches. Through the...
(Dis-)Solving the Puzzle of the Arrow of Radiation

I criticize two accounts of the temporal asymmetry of electromagnetic radiation-that of Huw Price, whose account centrally involves a reinterpretation of Wheeler and Feynman's infinite absorber theory, and that of Dieter Zeh. I then offer some reasons for thinking that the purported puzzle of the arrow of radiation does not present a genuine puzzle in need of a solution.
Effects of near-surface conductance on global satellite induction responses

SUMMARY A 3-D finite-element simulation of global electromagnetic induction is used to evaluate satellite responses in geomagnetic dipole coordinates for harmonic ring-current excitation of a threelayer mantle overlain by a realistic near-surface conductance distribution. Induced currents are modelled for lithospheric and asthenospheric upper-mantle conductivities in the range σ = 10 −4 ‐0.1 S m −1 . The magnetic scalar intensity B is calculated at a typical satellite altitude of 300 km. At short periods, T = 2 and 12 h, the induction signal owing to the near-surface conductance is large when a resistive upper mantle is present, but drops off with increasing mantle conductivity. At longer periods, T = 2 d, the near-surface induction signal is generally much smaller and nearly independent of upper-mantle conductivity. The near-surface induction signal is very sensitive to the electrical conductivity of the lithospheric mantle, but only moderately sensitive to that of the asthenospheric mantle. Induced currents are confined to the heterogeneous surface shell at periods of less than 2 h, and flow predominantly in the mantle at periods of longer than 2 d. In the intervening period range, induced currents are partitioned between the near-surface and the upper mantle. These results indicate the importance of carrying out a full 3-D analysis in the interpretation of satellite induction observations in the period range from hours to days.
Cocaine addiction: Role for glutamate, glia and chemokine

Aims: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of novel activators of glutamate transporter (GLT-1), ceftriaxone (CTX) and clavulanic acid (CLAV), on drug taking and seeking behavior. In addition, glial cell activity after cocaine exposure and during short and long-termwithdrawal has been examined. Furthermore, possible involvement of chemokine receptor, CXCR4, in cocaine reward was examined. Methods: The effect of CTX and CLAV was tested in mouse intravenous self-administration model. Acquisition of selfadministration under fixed-ratio (FR) schedule of reinforcement was used as a measure of drug-taking behavior, and progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement was used to assess drugseeking behavior. In a separate study, rats were injected with cocaine (15mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 consecutive days, and glial cell activitywas investigated using immuno-fluorescencemicroscopy at 2h, 2, 10 and 30 days after last injection. Effect of AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, on development of cocaine conditioned place preference was tested. Results: CTX and CLAV pretreatment decreased cocaine intake in mice maintained under the PR of reinforcement. However only the CTX not CLAV pre-treatment was able to decrease acquisition of self-administration in mice under FR schedule of reinforcement. There was a significant increase of astrocytic activation in nucleus accumbens of rats withdrawn from cocaine for 30 days. AMD3100 attenuated development of cocaine conditioned place preference. Conclusions: GLT-1 activators are able to decrease reinforcing strength of cocaine by increasing the extracellular glutamate reuptake. Astrocyte activity is increased in nucleus accumbens of rats in long-term cocaine withdrawal. Attenuation of cocaine conditioned place preference byAMD3100 suggests a role for chemokine receptor in drug reward. Financial Support: T32 DA 07237 P30 DA013429R21 DA043718.
A comparison of trajectory and mixture modeling in segment-based word recognition

A mechanism for implementing mixtures at a phone-subsegment (microsegment) level for continuous word recognition based on the stochastic segment model (SMM) is presented. The issues that are involved in tradeoffs between the trajectory and mixture modeling in segment-based word recognition are investigated. Experimental results are reported on DAPRA's speaker-independent Resource management corpus. The results obtained suggest that there is a tradeoff in using mixture models and trajectory models, associated with the level of detail of the modeling unit. The results support the use of whole segment models in the context-dependent case, and microsegment-level (and possibly segment-level) mixtures rather than frame-level mixtures. >
Hydraulic conductivity, velocity, and the order of the fractional dispersion derivative in a highly heterogeneous system

[1] A one-dimensional, fractional order, advection-dispersion equation accurately models the movement of the core of the tritium plume at the highly heterogeneous MADE site. An a priori estimate of the parameters in that equation, including the order of the fractional dispersion derivative, was based on the assumption that the observed power law (heavy) tail of the hydraulic conductivity (K) field would create a similarly distributed velocity field. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to test this hypothesis. Results from the Monte Carlo analysis show that heavy tailed K fields do give rise to heavy tailed velocity fields; however, the exponent of the power law (the tail parameter) describing these two distributions is not necessarily the same. The tail parameter that characterizes a velocity distribution is not solely dependent on the tail parameter that characterizes the K distribution. The K field must also have long-range dependence so that water may flow through relatively continuous high-K channels.
On the significance of the extractable collagens.

This investigation has sought to determine the significance of the wide range of extractable collagen fractions which appear to exist in growing connective tissues and to determine their position in the process of fibrogenesis. Carrageenin granulomata were induced in guinea pigs and, after injection of 14C-glycine, this tissue and skin from the same animal were subjected to successive extractions with neutral salt solutions of increasing ionic strength, citrate buffer pH 3.6, and to gelatinization. The specific activity of these fractions was determined at various time intervals. At 8 hours it was found that the specific activity decreased with increasing ionic strength of the neutral salts and was still lower in the citrate extracts and gelatin. At 36 hours the situation was almost completely reversed except that the citrate extract and gelatin still had the lowest activities. The data from skin were more clear cut than that from the granuloma and the reasons for this are discussed. It is concluded that at any given time in developing connective tissue, there is a continuous spectrum of collagen aggregates of varying degrees of strength of cross-linkage, dependent upon the time that has elapsed since their constituent molecules were synthesized. The various extraction media used remove a particular cross-section of these aggregates depending upon their disaggregating power. These extracts will thus be biologically heterogeneous. The fraction extracted with 0.14 M NaCl will contain the collagen molecules most recently synthesized and in this respect can be considered the earliest form of extracellular collagen.
Syndromic Surveillance Using Ambulatory Electronic Health Records

Objective: To assess the performance of electronic health record data for syndromic surveillance and to assess the feasibility of broadly distributed surveillance. Design: Two systems were developed to identify influenza-like illness and gastrointestinal infectious disease in ambulatory electronic health record data from a network of community health centers. The first system used queries on structured data and was designed for this specific electronic health record. The second used natural language processing of narrative data, but its queries were developed independently from this health record. Both were compared to influenza isolates and to a verified emergency department chief complaint surveillance system. Measurements: Lagged cross-correlation and graphs of the three time series. Results: For influenza-like illness, both the structured and narrative data correlated well with the influenza isolates and with the emergency department data, achieving cross-correlations of 0.89 (structured) and 0.84 (narrative) for isolates and 0.93 and 0.89 for emergency department data, and having similar peaks during influenza season. For gastrointestinal infectious disease, the structured data correlated fairly well with the emergency department data (0.81) with a similar peak, but the narrative data correlated less well (0.47). Conclusions: It is feasible to use electronic health records for syndromic surveillance. The structured data performed best but required knowledge engineering to match the health record data to the queries. The narrative data illustrated the potential performance of a broadly disseminated system and achieved mixed results.
Comparison of methods to estimate weed populations and their performance in yield loss description models

Abstract Accurate weed population estimation and yield loss prediction are important components of integrated weed management. Field experiments using Italian ryegrass as a weed in broccoli were conducted from 1994 to 1997 to compare weed density to other methods of weed population estimation, to evaluate the performance of weed population estimates in yield description models, and to study the affect of environmental variability on the predictive ability of models. A strong linear relationship was obtained between Italian ryegrass density and direct leaf area (r2 = 0.60 to 0.99). For Italian ryegrass, density and estimates of canopy from the optical device (crosswire device) had a hyperbolic relationship with high coefficients of determination (r2 > 0.72). Both direct leaf area and canopy estimates described broccoli yield as well as or better than Italian ryegrass density. The Li-Cor LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer (PCA) provided poor estimates of Italian ryegrass population (r2 from 0.00 to 0.63) that f...
New Techniques in Consumer Preference Research

D URING the last few years all of us have witnessed an increased interest in expanding the demand for food and fiber. We have seen a rash of studies concerned with many aspects of merchandising, displaying, and packaging of products. There have been surveys of various types to obtain opinions of consumers and users of products and services. Some attempts to study consumer motivation have been made. Much of this work was stimulated by the surplus situation in some products and by the emphasis for research of this type in the RMA Act of 1946.
Splenectomy in thalassemia : our experience.

ABSTRACT: One hundred and sixty-four cases of thalassemia were referred for surgery in a seriously ill-state with severe anemia, huge hepatosplenomegaly, cardiomegaly with iron induced cardiomyopathy, and chronic extrinsic restrictive lung disorder. Inspite of the risk anticipated, splenectomy was undertaken in all of them. Taking special care and measures during operation the hurdles of risk were overcome. In the present series mortality and morbidity were insignificant. Besides splenectomy free splenic slice grafting extraperitoneally was added to preserve splenic immunofunction. Grafts survived and functioned well.
Concept for Pulse Compression Device Using Structured Spatial Energy Distribution

We explore a novel concept for pulse compression scheme applicable at RF, microwave, and possibly up to optical frequencies based on structured energy distribution in cavities supporting degenerate band-edge (DBE) modes. We show the high spatial concentration of energy due to DBE modes and proper choice of boundary conditions in coupled transmission lines (TLs) provide the basis for superior performance of the structured cavity when compared to a conventional cavity. We investigate the novel cavity features: larger loaded quality factor of the cavity and stored energy compared to conventional designs, robustness to variations of cavity loading, energy feeding and extraction at the cavity center, and substantial reduction of the cavity size by use of equivalent lumped circuits for low-energy sections of the cavity. Structured energy also allows for controlled pulse shaping via engineered extraction techniques. The presented concepts are general, in terms of equivalent coupled TLs, and can be applied to a variety of realistic guiding structures. Potential applications include microwave pulse compression devices, on-chip millimeter-wave pulse generation, and pulsed laser generation.
Satellites and Suburbs

Finally, the data lend indirect support to the efforts of some students who seek to explain how factors peculiar to the United States militate against the formation of class-conscious aggregates. Rosenberg13 has suggested hypotheses relating features of our group life to class-awareness; others have focussed on the shifting base of the contemporary status system and extensive morbility.14 The present findings do not constitute any kind of test of these ideas; but they do support the claim that there is in fact a relative lack of social class awareness in the current stratification system.
Where for Art Thou? Transient Sex Offenders and Residence Restrictions:

The purpose of this study was to better understand transient (homeless) sex offenders in the context of residence restriction laws. Using the entire population of registered sex offenders (RSOs) li...
Response of growth-retarded patients with Hand--Schüller--Christian disease to growth hormone therapy.

Abstract Five patients with growth retardation due to Hand–Schuller–Christian disease were treated for a maximum of two years with human growth hormone, which was administered intramuscularly, three times per week, in doses of 2 IU. All patients experienced a significant increment in growth rate in comparison to the year before the therapy. During the first year of therapy the mean growth rate was 7.5 cm—an increase of 5.2 cm over the pretreatment year (p< 0.01). The growth rate during the second year of treatment was less, with a mean increase of 2.8 cm per year (P<0.05). These results are similar to the response of patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency and add further evidence that the growth retardation associated with Hand–Schuller–Christian disease is due to an acquired growth hormone secretory deficiency. (N Engl J Med 292:332–333, 1975)
Prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with epithelial appendiceal neoplasms.

Background Prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a promising approach for preventing peritoneal carcinomatosis in high-risk patients. We report our initial experience with prophylactic HIPEC in a series of patients with appendiceal neoplasms. Methods We retrospectively reviewed our prospectively maintained database to identify patients who underwent HIPEC in the absence of peritoneal disease. Patients with previously documented peritoneal surface disease were excluded. Data regarding clinical, operative and pathological features were analysed. Results Out of 322 HIPEC procedures performed between March 2007and August 2015, we identified 16 patients who underwent surgery with prophylactic intent. Primary diagnoses included high-grade and low-grade appendiceal neoplasms. Most patients presented originally with appendiceal perforation; all patients underwent initial surgery during which the appendix or right colon were resected. Following a median time interval of 2.2 months, a second surgery performed at our institution consisted of completion of omentectomy, partial colectomy and oophorectomy, with administration of prophylactic HIPEC (using mitomycin C). A totally laparoscopic approach was attempted and achieved in 11 patients in whom the median duration of surgery, estimated intraoperative blood loss and length of hospitalisation were 251 min, 100 cm(3) and 4 days, respectively. There were no cases of major perioperative morbidity or mortality. Conclusions Prophylactic HIPEC for appendiceal neoplasms is feasible, safe and may be performed laparoscopically. Larger studies with long-term follow-up are needed to determine whether a survival benefit is associated with this treatment.
Why Do We Miss Early Warning Signs of Economic Crises

This paper shows that agents underreact to rare and extreme signals. Agents observing these signals choose delay, hoping to condition their behavior on future actors (who may themselves also delay). This stalemate prevents society from recognizing the presence of rare states, even when the relevant signals are widely distributed across agents. Instead, rare signals accumulate privately (and redundantly) until they become overwhelming, after which they are all simultaneously revealed in a burst.
Investigation of various types of hepatitis in Chongwen District during 1997～2006

Objective:It is important to effectively control and decrease occurring rate of infectious diseases in Chongwen District to provide basis for prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis.Methods:The data of occurrence of viral hepatitis during 1997~2006 in the District were retrospectively analyzed.Results:It was found that the viral hepatitis was of the first 3 highest morbidity(annual mean morbidity=27.10/100000).However,it gradually decreased year by year.Hepatitis A had the most significant decrease in morbidity and it decreased from 6.52/100000 in 1997 to 0.74/100000 in 2006(decreased for 76.4%).HAV vaccine had high immunogenecity and it caused the increasing tendency of the age of people suffering from HAV infection,which suggests that more people should be vaccinated and serum monitoring in adults should be further strengthened.For hepatitis B,its morbidity was also decreased year by year,but its annul mean value was the highest among different types of viral hepatitis.Therefore,the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B should still be paid close attention to.With maturing of vaccines,improvement in inoculation and promotion of inoculating rate,the hepatitis B morbidity in people of low age has markedly been decreased and it was still high in young adults,suggesting that it is crucial to strengthen inoculation of vaccines in the young adults.The morbidity of hepatitis C and hepatitis was slowly increased during the 10 years and the former has elevated for 14.17 times while the latter for 1.19 times.So the vaccines for these two types of hepatitis should be further developed.Conclusion:The health education should be strengthened to improve the awareness ability of preventing diseases in people,emphasize the monitoring of environmental hygiene and food conditions,formulate reasonable health policies,establish serum detecting system for adults,monitor immune function in population to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of the infectious diseases.
Model Unification in Support of Political Process.

We are developing techniques for unifying models of business processes that span and integrate organizations. In this paper, we describe our approach and discuss its potential for broader application to decision-making and political process. Key elements of the approach include the following. Participants work with familiar diagrams that the system represents internally in OWL. The system unifies models of analogous processes in a manner where users contribute confirmation and guidance but are not required to provide any particular input. Unified models can be compared, yielding visualizations that crystallize insight and metrics for quantifying alignment. The unification process thus identifies commonality and analyzes differences. This process is therefore well suited to facilitate thorough discussion of policy issues in a manner that fosters creative negotiation and consensus building.
Evaluation of Passive Samplers for Analysis of Chlorinated Solvents.

Chlorinated solvents like tetrachloroethylene, chloroform, and trichloroethylene were trapped on commercially available diffusive sampling devices and then desorbed with carbon disulfide (1.5 mL) containing surrogate standards. The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (ECD). To overcome the incompatibility of carbon disulfide with the electron capture detector, an electronically driven, high-temperature, 6-port valve was attached to the oven of a the gas chromatograph. An RTX 502 (105 m x 0.53 mm) capillary column was connected between the injector and the detector through the 6-port valve. The solvent peak was vented by rotating the valve before the peak reached the detector, and the valve was rotated to its original position before the peak due to chloroform eluted. The sampling time of 8-24 h and the use of ECD have led to detection limits of 0.5 μg/m 3 for many chlorinated solvents.
The Full-Fledged Money Management Center Case Studies

This chapter discusses the key characteristics of what this book calls the “Full-fledged Money Management Center.” It provides two case studies of this organizational model. These are the Sam Houston State University Student Money Management Center and the University of Wisconsin La Crosse It Make$ Cents Money Management Center. It discusses how the Full-Fledged Money Management Center breaks away from the grips of any institutional department or unit from which it may have emerged. It has a committed program champion with administrative clout and connectivity, full-time high-energy staff, and secured funding for its operations. The Centers connect with other university units in outreach efforts and offer financial education through a potpourri of events and activities. These cases provide an understanding of the nature and evolution of the full-fledged money management centers, the scale of their operations, the organizational positioning, the programs content and delivery, spin-offs, challenges, and much more.
Big data and deep learning

Traditional data processing algorithms are usually not capable to process big data. As matter of fact, usually big data is being defined as such which cannot be processed with traditional techniques. At the same time a progress of technology makes that humans are now overwhelm by big data. One way of processing big data is to use deep neural networks, which are difficult to train so often a combination of several learning algorithms are used. This approach however requires a lot of human involvement in design of such systems for very specific cases. In this presentations and universal architectures and training methods are described which can handle very complex systems with minimal human interactions. Another important problem is a visualization of multidimensional data sets in 2 or 3 dimensions so humans can see them. A new very effective visualization algorithm is also presented. The third issue is the pattern clustering. Round clusters can be separated relatively easy. In this presentation new and very fast clustering of complex shape is also presented.
On Science and Phenomenology

The Crisis of European Science and Transcendental Phenomenology is Husserl’s last work. Written in the thirties, the first part was published in 1936, the second part only after Husserl’s death.
The Baptism of Early Virginia: How Christianity Created Race

Today, Christianity is a loaded term. One need only look as far as the debate over the color of coffee cups at Christmas to understand the fierceness with which some Americans understand the term a...
Do borrower-lender relationships still matter for small business loans?

Abstract The study uses the 1987, 1993, and 2003 Survey of Small Business Finances to analyze the changes in the role of relationships in determining loan contract terms and credit availability for small businesses. The findings strongly suggest that even though the importance of relationship had lessened in small business lending, a high intensity of relationship, such as sustaining substantial checking or savings account balances with the lender, is still relevant and can benefit the borrower. An implication drawn is that relationship lending can still be an important way for smaller banks to maintain their competitiveness with other lenders.
The impact of early childbirth on socioeconomic outcomes and risk indicators of females transitioning out of Foster Care

Abstract Few studies have documented the relationship between early childbirth and the adjustment of females transitioning out of foster care. In this study, data from the National Youth in Transition Database were used to evaluate the associations between childbirth at three time points (prior to age 17, ages 17–19, and ages 19–21) and females’ socioeconomic outcomes and risk indicators at age 21 (n = 3173). Findings revealed that over 40% of females had given birth at least once by age 21, with a substantial increase in birth rates from adolescence to early adulthood. Multivariate analyses showed that childbirth between ages 17 and 19 and between ages 19 and 21 was associated with decreased likelihood of obtaining a high school diploma/GED or higher. However, only most recent childbirth (between ages 19 and 21) was associated with decreased likelihood of employment and increased likelihood of receiving public assistance. Contrary to the hypothesis, childbirth was unrelated to homelessness, substance abuse referrals and incarceration at age 21, once earlier presence of such risks was taken into account. Overall, while childbirth between ages 19 and 21 was linked to negative socioeconomic outcomes as females entered young adulthood, earlier births did not appear to confer a unique, prospective risk for the majority of the variables studied. These findings underscore the importance of expanding specialized services designed to promote educational and vocational opportunities for young mothers transitioning out of foster care, especially in the first years following childbirth. The importance of targeting foster youth for pregnancy prevention programs will also be discussed.
Electromechanical loading of frequency selective surfaces

In this paper, we describe how electromechanical resonators such as BAW and SAW devices can be used to load FSS unit cells in order to greatly narrow the bandwidth of the resulting FSS. Unlike traditional FSS structures, this new design utilizes high Q electromechanical resonances to create high frequency selectivity and highly subwavelength unit cells, without large inductive and capacitive components. Due to their small unit cell size, these electromechanically loaded FSS structures can be practical at the UHF band and more easily conformed to complex radome and package geometries.
Should coastal planners have concern over where land ice is melting

There is a general consensus among Earth scientists that melting of land ice greatly contributes to sea-level rise (SLR) and that future warming will exacerbate the risks posed to human civilization. As land ice is lost to the oceans, both the Earth's gravitational and rotational potentials are perturbed, resulting in strong spatial patterns in SLR, termed sea-level fingerprints. We lack robust forecasting models for future ice changes, which diminishes our ability to use these fingerprints to accurately predict local sea-level (LSL) changes. We exploit an advanced mathematical property of adjoint systems and determine the exact gradient of sea-level fingerprints with respect to local variations in the ice thickness of all of the world's ice drainage systems. By exhaustively mapping these fingerprint gradients, we form a new diagnosis tool, henceforth referred to as gradient fingerprint mapping (GFM), that readily allows for improved assessments of future coastal inundation or emergence. We demonstrate that for Antarctica and Greenland, changes in the predictions of inundation at major port cities depend on the location of the drainage system. For example, in London, GFM shows LSL that is significantly affected by changes on the western part of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), whereas in New York, LSL change predictions are greatly sensitive to changes in the northeastern portions of the GrIS. We apply GFM to 293 major port cities to allow coastal planners to readily calculate LSL change as more reliable predictions of cryospheric mass changes become available.
Facing the Nation and the University: A Model for Institutional Transformation

This essay responds to Sanchez’s invitation to start in a specific place to consider a larger story in order to describe his impact as both a scholar and an institution builder. This essay will do so by putting two of his pieces in conversation: “Face the Nation,” which offers new conceptual frameworks to understand a multiracial society, and “Crossing Figueroa: The Tangled Web of Diversity and Democracy,” in which he theorizes the role of the university and the struggle for democracy both inside and outside its walls. By reading these two pieces together, scholars of racial formation may gain insight regarding three critical interventions that the field now takes for granted. First, multiracial interaction is regularly a research topic that complicates binaries of Black and white because Sanchez, his colleagues, and his predecessors began asking different questions about race. His students have been central to pushing the edges of the field, proving that good mentorship is more than generosity. Second, the fact that Sanchez, a preeminent historian, engages multiple fields in theorizing multiracial interaction demonstrates the political urgency of reading and writing beyond the discipline. Lastly, Sanchez’s efforts to diversify university faculty and create conditions of success for faculty of color is central to making the university live up to its promises of civic responsibility and democracy. Ultimately, his body of work both on and off the page demonstrates his importance in bringing different worlds, disciplines, and individuals together.