cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
3-Chloro-p-toluidine: effects of lethal doses in rats and cats.

Abstract 3-Chloro- p -toluidine (3-CPT) given systemically to rats or into the cerebroventricular system of cats produced death in respiratory arrest. Respiratory depression in cats can also be induced by the rapid systemic infusion of 3-CPT, but methemoglobin formation and hemolysis are complications of the iv route in cats. The respiratory effects of 3-CPT in cats mimic those of surgical vagotomy, e.g., alterations in pattern, slowing of rate, and abolition of the Hering-Breuer reflex. Despite these drastic changes, the CO 2 -tidal volume response relationship was not altered. Incidental effects observed after ip injection in rats, which may at least in part be secondary to hypoxia, include metabolic acidosis (lactic acidemia), hyperkalemia, hemoconcentration, loss of plasma proteins, and ascitic fluid in the abdomen. Rats also exhibited an early and transient skeletal muscle paralysis which is probably of central origin. A transient fall in blood pressure prior to the final state of collapse may be due to direct capillary vasodilation. In the late stages of collapse the peripheral vasodilation may be replaced by an increase in capillary permeability. 3-Chloro- p -toluidine appears to be directly cytotoxic, and on serosal surfaces it produced superficial necrosis 1–6 cell layers deep after only 3–8 hr of contact.
Age Differences in Behaviors Leading to Completed Suicide

The authors described retrospectively the premorbid self-destructive behaviors of suicide victims to determine whether these behaviors differ with age. One hundred forty-one suicide victims, age 21–92 years, were studied by psychological autopsy. Older age was significantly associated with more determined and planful self-destructive acts, less violent methods, and fewer warnings of suicidal intent. Age differences in the behaviors leading to suicide indicate that intervention in the midst of a suicidal crisis may be less effective in elderly persons than in younger people. Primary prevention should be the focus of efforts to decrease suicide rates in late life.
A novel single-molecule study to determine protein--protein association constants.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is traditionally used as an imaging technique to gain qualitative information for a biological system. We have successfully used the imaging capabilities of the AFM to determine protein−protein association constants. We have developed a method to measure the molecular weight of a protein based on its volume determined from AFM images. Our volume determination method allows for rapid, accurate analysis of large protein populations. On the basis of the measured volume, the fraction of monomers as dimers was determined for the DNA helicase UvrD, and the dissociation constant (Kd) for the helicase was calculated. We determined a Kd for UvrD of 1.4 μM, which is in good agreement with published Kd data obtained from analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) studies. Our method provides a rapid method for determining protein−protein association constants.
Analysis of the evaluative components on the Standard Letter of Recommendation (SLOR) in Emergency Medicine.

Introduction: The standard letter of recommendation in emergency medicine (SLOR) was developed to standardize the evaluation of applicants, improve inter-rater reliability, and discourage grade inflation. The primary objective of this study was to describe the distribution of categorical variables on the SLOR in order to characterize scoring tendencies of writers. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all SLORs written on behalf of applicants to the three Emergency Medicine residency programs in the University of Arizona Health Network (i.e. the University Campus program, the South Campus program and the Emergency Medicine/Pediatrics combined program) in 2012. All “Qualifications for Emergency Medicine” and “Global Assessment” variables were analyzed. Results: 1457 SLORs were reviewed, representing 26.7% of the total number of Electronic Residency Application Service applicants for the academic year. Letter writers were most likely to use the highest/most desirable category on “Qualifications for EM” variables (50.7%) and to use the second highest category on “Global Assessments” (43.8%). For 4-point scale variables, 91% of all responses were in one of the top two ratings. For 3-point scale variables, 94.6% were in one of the top two ratings. Overall, the lowest/least desirable ratings were used less than 2% of the time. Conclusions: SLOR letter writers do not use the full spectrum of categories for each variable proportionately. Despite the attempt to discourage grade inflation, nearly all variable responses on the SLOR are in the top two categories. Writers use the lowest categories less than 2% of the time. Program Directors should consider tendencies of SLOR writers when reviewing SLORs of potential applicants to their programs. [West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(4):419-423.]
Antisem to carcinoembryonic antigen recognizes a phosphotyrosine-containing protein in human colon cancer cell lines

Members of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family include CEA, non-specific cross reacting antigen (NCA), and biliary glycoprotein (BGP), and appear to function as cell adhesion molecules. Immunoprecipitation and subsequent gel electrophoresis of proteins from several colon cancer cell lines labeled with [γ-32P]ATP, under conditions designed to detect ecto-kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of cellular proteins, revealed that polyclonal anti-CEA antiserum recognized a 175–190 kDa phosphoprotein on the surface of colon cancer cells. The ability to detect this phosphoprotein did not correlate with CEA production, and immunoprecipitation studies suggested that the phosphoprotein is BGP. Phosphoamino acid analysis of the 175–190 kDa protein showed that it contained predominantly phosphotyrosine.
A Displacement Flow Immunosensor for Explosive Detection Using Microcapillaries

In this paper, we report on the characterization of a capillary-based displacement flow immunosensor for the explosive, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Anti-TNT antibody is immobilized onto the silanized inner walls of a fused-silica capillary using a heterobifunctional cross-linker followed by saturating the capillary with fluorophore-labeled antigen. To perform the assay, an aliquot of target analyte solution is injected into the capillary column. The target analyte competes for the binding pocket of the fluorophore-labeled antigen, which is detected downstream. We have demonstrated that the sensitivity of the capillary-based immunosensor is improved by at least 3 orders of magnitude compared to packed-column or membrane-based displacement flow immunosensors. We have investigated the effect of flow rate and length of the capillary on the performance of the capillary immunosensor. We have demonstrated that, by the appropriate choice of an antibody, one can prepare a capillary immunosensor for the specific d...
Distinct biological activities of recombinant forms of human interleukin-2 in vivo

The biological activity of all recombinant forms of interleukin-2 (IL-2) is based upon an in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay and measured in international units (IU). Numerous in vitro investigations have suggested that there may be different cellular effects of recombinant human IL-2 retaining the natural sequence (nIL-2) as compared to another recombinant form containing a serine substitution at amino acid position 125 ([Ser]IL-2). In the present study we investigated whether nIL-2 and [Ser]IL-2 cause similar patterns of systemic toxicities. C57BL/6 mice were treated with identical doses of either nIL-2 or [Ser]IL-2, as measured in IU, for 3 days and had blood and tissues removed for analysis of lymphocyte activation and organ dysfunction. The administration of nIL-2 had considerably greater effects on lymphocyte activation than did [Ser]IL-2, causing much greater up-regulation of the α subunit of the IL-2 receptor and the adhesion molecule lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1. Furthermore, nIL-2 induced more organ edema than did [Ser]IL-2 and caused hepatocellular injury, which was absent in mice treated with [Ser]IL-2. These data demonstrate that equivalent doses, measured in IU, of nIL-2 and [Ser]IL-2 have profoundly different effects on the induction of organ toxicity, suggesting that the IU standard may not be appropriate for the measurement of many in vivo biological activities.
Kinetic to Transport-Limited Anhydrous HF Etching of Silicon Oxynitride Films in Supercritical CO2

A silicon oxynitride film (SiO0.8N0.2) was etched with anhydrous HF/pyridine mixtures dissolved in supercritical carbon dioxide at 50−75 °C and 160 ± 10 bar to achieve concentrations of 2.8−22.4 mM, spanning the range from kinetically limited to transport-limited etching. The SiF4 and NH3 etching products reacted further, forming an insoluble salt layer chemically identified as (NH4)2SiF6 using FTIR and quantitative XPS and imaged using SEM and AFM. The etching reaction was first-order below 11 mM because the surface was open to the fluid phase between salt crystals, and etching rates were approximately 1 nm/min. In this regime, salt crystals did not hinder etching and formed primarily by the addition of fluorosilicates to the bottom interface with the silicon oxynitride film. The reaction order was less than one above 11 mM HF because lateral growth of salt crystals became significant and hindered transport of the fluid to the film. Between 50 and 70 °C, the salt formed cubic crystals, whereas at 75 °C a...
Alpha1 adrenergic receptor mediated polyphosphoinositide breakdown in DDT1-MF2 cells: Lack of evidence of desensitization after prolonged exposure to epinephrine

Abstract The DDT 1 -MF 2 cell line is a transformed smooth muscle cell line which is known to possess both alpha 1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors. We have utilized these cells to compare the effects of epinephrine pretreatment on the functional capabilities of these two different adrenergic receptors. Pretreatment of the cells grown in suspension with 10 −7 M epinephrine for 6 hr resulted in desensitization of beta receptor stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation. The maximal response to isoproterenol was decreased to 46 ± 6% of the value in controls (P 50 = −6.65 ± 0.22 vs − 7.26 ± 0.11 in controls, P −6 M epinephrine for 6 hr failed to induce a loss of sensitivity in the ability of the alpha 1 receptor agonist phenylephrine to stimulate inositol triphosphate accumulation (log EC 50 = −5.59 ± 0.18 vs −5.42 ± 0.44 in control cells). A 2-fold increase in basal inositol monophosphate accumulation was observed after epinephrine pretreatment (P 1 receptor number after epinephrine pretreatment ( B max = 457 ± 89 fmol/mg protein vs 540 ± 94 in control cells, P −7 M 12- O -tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for 15 min resulted in a nearly complete blunting in the ability of both norepinephrine and phenylephrine to stimulate inositol phosphate accumulation: after norepinephrine stimulation, 774 ± 34 dpm in TPA-pretreated cells vs 2590 ± 10 in control cells; inositol monophosphate accumulation after phenylephrine stimulation: 576 ± 25 dpm in TPA-pretreated cells vs 1660 ± 27 in control cells. Basal levels of inositol monophosphate remained unchanged at 544 ± 28 dpm vs 505 ± 31 in TPA-pretreated cells compared to control cells. These data indicate that protein kinase C may exert a negative feedback control on the alpha 1 receptor in these cells and that direct activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters may have a different effect on the alpha 1 adrenergic receptor system in DDT 1 -MF 2 cells than does prolonged exposure to epinephrine.
Formation and healing of micrometer-sized channel networks on highly mobile Au(111) surfaces.

Practical protocols are presented to reproducibly prepare micrometer-sized Au(111) substrates. Au(111) terraces of micrometer dimensions and atomic smoothness were crystallized by flame-annealing v...
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone and cyclic adenosine monophosphate effect on mouse adrenal cortical cell membrane potential

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) both caused a rapid and transient depolarization of the resting membrane potential of superfused rat adrenal cortical cells. The membrane depolarization to both secretagogues were very similar. The membrane potential changes occurred as early as 0.1 min and were dose dependent in both onset and extent of depolarization.
Calcium transport across the plasma membrane: stimulation by calmodulin

Active transport of calcium into inside-out vesicles of red blood cell membranes was stimulated equally by (i) the purified protein activator of calcium-activated, magnesium-dependent adenosinetriphosphatase isolated from red cell hemolyzates and (ii) calmodulin, a protein activator of cylic nucleotide phosphodiesterase isolated from bovine brain. The results provide further evidence for the identity of red blood cell activator and calmodulin and show that this cytoplasmic protein may participate in the regulation of plasma membrane calcium transport.
Analysis of temporal and dose-dependent effects of estrogen on monoamines in brain nuclei.

Abstract Levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) were measured in hypothalamic and limbic nuclei of ovariectomized rats after various doses of estradiol and at various intervals after estradiol administration. Of 13 areas examined, time- and dose-dependent effects of estrogen on monoamine content were restricted to only a few, discrete areas which concentrate estradiol. Subcutaneous administration of 1–50 μg of estradiol benzoate (EB) and measurement of monoamines 24 h later was associated with dose-dependent increases of NE in the medial preoptic nucleus, diagonal band nucleus and periventricular area of the anterior hypothalamus, and increased levels of DA in the periventricular area of the preoptic area. No changes were found in 5-HT levels, but dose-dependent increases in the level of the 5-HT metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), were measured in the lateral portion of the ventromedial nucleus. Effects of 5μg of EB were evaluated at 1.5, 6, 12 and 45 h after administration. No changes were noted at 1.5 h, but 5-HIAA in the ventromedial nucleus was elevated at 6 and 12 h. NE levels were elevated at 12 and 45 h in the diagonal band and preoptic nuclei and at 45 h in the lateral septum and periventricular area of the hypothalamus. DA levels decreased in the arcuate-median eminence area 45 h after estrogen. Intravenous administration of 10 μg of estrogen and measurement of monoamines 1 h later was not associated with altered levels of any monoamines suggesting that the estrogen-dependent changes are consistent with the genomic model for steroid hormone action. Thus, estradiol treatment is associated with dose-dependent changes in specific neurotransmitter concentrations in localized brain regions. Since the changes follow somewhat different time-courses after estradiol treatment, the results suggest a complex hormonal-neural interaction.
Infrared spectra of CS2: Measurement of “hot” bands associated with the 2325 cm−1 and 2962 cm−1 bands

Abstract The 12 0 1-00 0 0 and 02 0 1-00 0 0 transitions of CS 2 have been measured with a resolution of 0.025 cm −1 . The following “hot” bands associated with these transitions were also measured 13 1 1−01 1 0, 22 0 1− 10 0 0, 14 0 1−02 0 0, 14 2 1−02 2 0, 03 1 1−01 1 0, 12 0 1−10 0 0, 04 0 1−02 0 0, 04 2 1−02 2 0, 13 1 1−11 1 0, and 22 0 1−20 0 0. Improved rotational constants are given for the ground state and the first bending state. A consistent set of band constants is given for all the above vibrational transitions.
Inactivation of cathepsin B by oxidized LDL involves complex formation induced by binding of putative reactive sites exposed at low pH to thiols on the enzyme.

We recently showed that the poor degradation of apo B in oxidized (ox-) LDL by mouse peritoneal macrophages could be attributed to the inactivation of cathepsin B by ox-LDL. In this current study, we show that enzyme inactivation involves complex formation of ox-LDL with cathepsin B rather than the diffusion of reactive components from ox-LDL to the enzyme. Complex formation between ox-LDL and cathepsin B was far greater at pH 4.5 than at pH 7.4 and far greater with ox-LDL than with LDL. Even though complexes were also formed between ox-LDL and other proteins such as BSA, insulin, and LDL, ox-LDL bound up to 30 times more cathepsin B than BSA, when compared on a molar level and under the same conditions. Unlike ox-LDL alone, complexes of ox-LDL and BSA were unable to inactivate cathepsin B, suggesting that BSA was sequestering reactive sites on ox- LDL. The interaction of ox-LDL with proteins such as cathepsin B appears to represent aldehydic modifications of apo B, since treatment of ox-LDL with the reductant NaBH4, which stabilizes such adducts, greatly decreased the binding of ox-LDL to BSA and prevented ox-LDL from inactivating cathepsin B. It is likely that thiols on cathepsin B or other proteins interact with reactive groups on ox-LDL, since BSA in which thiols were blocked with N- ethylmaleimide (NEM), failed to bind to ox-LDL. Moreover, NEM-treated BSA had no effect on the ability of ox- LDL to inactivate cathepsin B. Similar results were obtained with LDL modified with 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). These data suggest that aldehydic adducts on ox-LDL that are unreactive at neutral pH, possibly HNE bound to apo B, become exposed at acidic pH and then covalently bind thiols on neighboring proteins such as cathepsin B in lysosomes, inducing crosslinking of proteins and enzyme inactivation.
Projection printed photolithographic images in positive photoresists

For a study of the profiles and linewidths of developed photoresist images, photolithographic images in a positive photoresist were obtained by projection printing methods. Also, profiles of the developed images were simulated with an algorithm that computes the optical image intensity distribution appropriate to the projection system, the dynamic exposure response of the resist to the imagery, and the development response of the resist to the developer. Comparisons of experimental profiles and linewidths with simulated ones show good agreement. Thus we deduce that the physics of the model of the overall system contained in the algorithm is a valid description of the system.
Electrical conductivity method for natural waters

Abstract A new method is presented for calculating the electrical conductivity of a wide range of natural waters including acid mine waters, geothermal waters, seawater, dilute mountain waters, and river water impacted by municipal wastewater. The method has several advantages over previously published methods. New electrical conductivity measurements for electrolytes commonly found in natural waters provide a basis for improved calculation of ionic molal conductivities. In addition, the method is coupled to a geochemical speciation model that is used to calculate the speciated concentrations required for accurate conductivity calculations. The method can be used to calculate the electrical conductivity of most natural water compositions and is accurate over a large range of effective ionic strengths (0.0004–0.7 m), temperature (0–95 °C), pH (1.0–9.8), and conductivity (30–70,000 μS cm−1). For the wide range of natural waters tested in this study, transport numbers were calculated and the ions that contribute significantly to the specific conductance were identified as H+ . Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH 4 + , K+, Cl−, SO 4 2 - , HCO 3 - , CO 3 2 - , F−, Al3+, Fe2+, NO 3 - and HSO 4 - . Transport numbers can also be used to better predict the concentrations of ions in natural waters. Another important application of the specific conductance method is checking the accuracy of water analyses by coupling charge imbalance and specific conductance imbalance. Either the major cation or anion concentrations for 50 different water samples were artificially adjusted and the constituent most likely in error was easily identified. Considering the importance of accurate chemical analyses, the ability to identify inaccurate determinations is critical.
SCIPE - a simple control interface protocol for experimenters.

The simple control interface protocol for experimenters (SCIPE) used at Sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source is presented. This interface provides a generic method for data-acquisition programs to control generic actuators and detectors on a synchrotron beamline. The implementation used by the DuPont–Northwestern–Dow Collaborative Access Team, based on readily available hardware, is also described.
Mechanically-induced cortical spreading depression associated regional cerebral blood flow changes are blocked by Na+ ion channel blockade

Migraine with aura occurs in up to 20-30% of all migraineurs. The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes that occur during cortical spreading depression (CSD) are considered to be an experimental correlate of aura. CSD is synchronous with a failure in brain ion homeostasis and efflux of excitatory amino acids from nerve cells. Therefore studying the mechanisms that underlie CSD, such as ion channel manipulation, and observing rCBF changes may help our understanding of migraine aura. In this study we used mechanical stimulation to induce oligemia and hyperemia, in surgically prepared cats and rats, using laser Doppler probes to measure the cerebral blood flow and single cell cortical recording to measure the spike/neuronal burst, both generated as a consequence of CSD. We looked at the response of ion channel blockers directed at sodium, voltage-dependent calcium and ATP-activated potassium ion channels. The sodium ion channel blocker was able to inhibit rCBF changes in both the cat and rats. Voltage-dependent calcium channel blockers had little effect on the initiation or propagation of the spread, as did the ATP-activated potassium channel blocker. The data are consistent with what is known of human aura in that sodium ion channels are those predominantly involved in mechanical stimulation-induced rCBF changes and thus may represent therapeutic targets for the aura response in migraine.
Experiments on buoyancy driven convection in non-Newtonian fluid.

Buoyancy-driven convection in horizontal layers of dilute water solutions of ionic and nonionic polyacrylamides confined between rigid, parallel, conducting surfaces was studied experimentally. By determining the temperature difference at the point where convection first sets in, values of the zero shear rate viscosity were calculated in good agreement with those obtained from rheogoniometer data. Beyond this point, the heat transfer characteristics of the solutions and the associated convective flow patterns were found to be rather similar to those of a viscous Newtonian fluid forRayleigh numbers up to 5 × 104, the range covered by the present experiments. However, theNusselt numbers at any givenRayleigh number were slightly but consistently higher than those of a Newtonian fluid of comparable viscosity. Also, the regularity of the flow patterns was more pronounced.
Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in the pediatric population.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic and rehabilitative usefulness of routine fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) in the pediatric population. Study Design Prospective, consecutive, blinded. Patients and Methods Thirty pediatric inpatients from a large, urban, tertiary care teaching hospital participated. Their ages ranged from 11 days to 20 years (mean, 10 years and 4 months). In a random fashion, seven subjects were assessed with both videofluoroscopic evaluation of swallowing (VFES) and FEES and 23 subjects were assessed solely with FEES. Diagnosis of dysphagia was determined by spillage, residue, laryngeal penetration, and aspiration. Rehabilitative strategies, e.g., positioning and modification of bolus consistencies, were based on diagnostic findings. Results There was 100% agreement between the blinded diagnostic results and implementation of rehabilitative strategies for subjects randomly assigned to receive both VFES and FEES and for subjects who received solely FEES. Of the 23 subjects assessed solely with FEES, 13 of 23 (57%) exhibited normal swallowing and 10 of 23 (43%) exhibited dysphagia. The feeding recommendation for 4 of 10 subjects with dysphagia (40%) was for a non-oral diet because of aspiration. FEES allowed for specific feeding recommendations (i.e., bolus consistency modifications, positioning, and feeding strategies) to reduce aspiration risk in 6 of 10 subjects with dysphagia (60%). Conclusion FEES can be used routinely to diagnose and treat pediatric dysphagia in the acute care setting.
VLSI systems for band matrix multiplication

Abstract We examine several VLSI architectures and compare these for their suitability for various forms of the band matrix multiplication problem. The following architectures are considered: chain, broadcast chain, mesh, broadcast mesh and hexagonally connected. The forms of the matrix multiplication problem that are considered are: band matrix × vector and band matrix × band matrix. Metrics to measure the utilization of resources (bandwidth and processors) are also proposed. An important feature of this paper is the inclusion of correctness proofs. These proofs are provided for selected designs and illustrate how VLSI designs may be proved correct using traditional mathematical tools.
Statistical studies of auroral MF burst emissions observed at South Pole Station and at multiple sites in northern Canada

[1] Auroral MF burst is a broadband impulsive natural radio emission of auroral origin observed at ground level in the frequency range 0.8–4.5 MHz. Application of a semiautomated analysis method to data collected at South Pole Station, 74° magnetic latitude, results in a database of frequencies, amplitudes, and universal times of MF burst emissions observed during 1 January–31 December 2003. Besides confirming that MF burst emissions are observed at ground level only during darkness and that magnetic local time plays a significant role in controlling the MF burst occurrence rate, which maximizes in the pre-magnetic-midnight hours, these data reveal that the frequencies of MF burst emissions tend to be higher just after sunset and before sunrise than they are during midwinter. This observation supports a link between the emission frequency and the maximum plasma frequency in the ionosphere. South Pole data also show evidence for MF burst extending to frequencies well below the ionospheric gyrofrequency, which brings up the possibility that they are partly in the whistler mode. Analysis of optical and riometer data from one extra-low-frequency MF burst example suggests that MF burst is associated with a relatively high-energy (>10 keV) auroral electron beam. Data from multiple Canadian observatories during 1997–1998 show that the MF burst occurrence rate maximizes near 74° magnetic latitude. With observatories spaced by 260–585 km, about 10% of the MF burst events are observed at two or more stations. Among coincident events, about 3/4 occur first at the lower-latitude station and shift to the higher-latitude station. The average duration of the MF burst events detected at two or more observatories increases with latitude.
EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUS INFUSION OF PHOSPHOROTHIOATE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES ON COAGULATION, COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION AND HEMODYNAMICS

Abstract Several acute toxicities in monkeys have been associated with administration of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides including effects on coagulation and complement cascades. These effects are transient in nature and the severity is closely associated with peak plasma concentrations of the oligonucleotide. Similar properties have been observed for several oligonucleotides with different base sequences.
Intravenous lipid emulsion in the emergency department: a systematic review of recent literature.

Abstract Background Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been broadly attempted in the resuscitation of neurologic and cardiac toxic drug overdoses, however, the role of ILE in the emergency department is poorly defined. Objective This review aims to identify recent literature on the use of ILE in humans as an antidote and to familiarize emergency providers with the indications, availability, dosing recommendations, and adverse reactions associated with ILE use. Methods A systemic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and major toxicology conference abstracts was performed for human cases using ILE as an antidote with documented clinical outcomes through January 2014. Results Ninety-four published articles and 40 conference abstracts were identified, 85% of which had positive outcomes. The most common indication for ILE was for local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). The most common nonlocal anesthetic xenobiotics were tricyclic-antidepressants and verapamil. Discussion No standard of care is defined for the use of ILE, although the American Heart Association recommends use in LAST, and the American College of Medical Toxicology recommends consideration for circumstances of hemodynamic instability resultant from lipid-soluble xenobiotics. ILE should be administered per American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine dosing recommendations. Laboratory interference, pancreatitis, respiratory distress syndrome, and interference with vasopressors should be considered as risks but are uncommon. Conclusions In the setting of severe hemodynamic compromise by lipid-soluble xenobiotics, ILE may be considered for resuscitation by emergency physicians. As such, ILE may be stocked in emergency departments in close proximity to resuscitation rooms and areas where local nerve blocks are performed.
Mineral-Produced High-Pressure Striae and Clay Polish: Key Evidence for Nonballistic Transport of Ejecta from Ries Crater

Recently discovered mineral-produced, deeply incised striae and mirror-like polish on broken surfaces of limestone fragments from the sedimentary ejecta of the Ries impact crater of southern Germany are described. The striae and polish were produced under high confining pressures during high-velocity nonballistic transport of the ejecta mass within the time span of the cratering event (measured in terms of seconds). The striae on these fragments were produced by scouring by small mineral grains embedded in the surrounding clay matrix, and the polish was formed under the same condition, by movements of relatively fragment-free clay against the fragment surfaces. The occurrence of these striae and polish is key evidence for estimating the distribution and determining the relative importance of nonballistic and ballistic transport of ejecta from the shallow Ries stony meteorite impact crater.
The shear modulus of liquid foam

Modelisation de la mousse comme une collection de surfaces d'orientation aleatoire avec tension superficielle sur les faces. Les surfaces sont supposees suivre la deformation moyenne. on determine la valeur du module de cisaillement dans l'approximation d'elasticite lineaire. La mousse se comporte comme un materiau viscoelastique
Faculty Life at Community Colleges: The Perspective of Women With Children

This article explores the dynamics of how female faculty members at 2-year colleges balance the demands of their faculty jobs with motherhood. Results suggest that the community college appears to ...
A Modification of Mayer's Mucihematein Technic

A relatively simple technic giving consistent results has been evolved from Mayer's mucihematein technic1 by substituting hematoxylin for hematein and omitting the nitric acid. The hematoxylin is oxidized with sodium iodate (NaIO3).This modification is effective on the same types of mucin as Mayer's original mucihematein. With this modified technic, mucin stains a deep violet, cell nuclei pale gray blue, and connective tissue pale gray to colorless in tissues fixed in all the more common fixatives. The modified stain retains this selectivity for at least 200 days.
A prototype monolithic pixel detector

The performance of a monolithic pixel detector with both detecting elements and readout circuitry in the same piece of high-resistivity silicon and providing three-dimensional position information is described. The basic pixel cell is 34 × 125 μm2. The most-probable signal for a minimum-ionizing particle was observed to be 65 times the single-channel, root-mean-square noise in a muon beam. With different off-chip electronics, used with a gamma-ray source, the noise was found to be 2.3 times lower. A spatial resolution of 2.0 μm was obtained in the direction of 34 μm pitch for normally incident high-momentum muons. For tracks of up to 56° to the normal the spatial resolution was under 7 μm. Results of a simulation program for calculating charge spreading and drift times are presented and compared with observations.
Swift and the Scheme for Badging Beggars in Dublin, 1726 – 1737

Most scholars turn a blind eye to A Proposal for Giving Badges to the Beggars in All the Parishes of Dublin , but as Jonathan Swift’s final pamphlet on Irish affairs, it deserves our attention. This essay contextualizes the pamphlet among Swift’s more familiar arguments for solving Ireland’s problems of poverty and unemployment, including a scheme for giving badges to Dublin’s deserving poor while setting the able-bodied to work, under threat of corporeal punishment. Swift supported this scheme in the 1720s and 1730s, and this essay gives us a fuller picture of Swift at the end of his political career.
Uncountable superperfect forcing and minimality

Abstract Uncountable superperfect forcing is tree forcing on regular uncountable cardinals κ with κ κ = κ , using trees in which the heights of nodes that split along any branch in the tree form a club set, and such that any node in the tree with more than one immediate extension has measure-one-many extensions, where the measure is relative to some κ -complete, nonprincipal normal filter (or p-filter) F . This forcing adds a generic of minimal degree if and only if F is κ -saturated.
In vitro extinction learning in Hermissenda: involvement of conditioned inhibition molecules

Extinction of a conditioned association is typically viewed as the establishment of new learning rather than the erasure of the original memory. However, recent research in the nudibranch, Hermissenda crassicornis (H.c.) demonstrated that extinction training (using repeated light-alone presentations) given 15 min, but not 23 hr, after memory acquisition reversed both the cellular correlates of learning (enhanced Type B cell excitability) and the behavioral changes (reduced phototaxis) produced by associative conditioning (pairings of light, CS, and rotation, US). Here, we investigated the putative molecular signaling pathways that underlie this extinction in H.c. by using a novel in vitro protocol combined with pharmacological manipulations. After intact H.c. received either light-rotation pairings (Paired), or no stimulation (Untrained), B cells from isolated CNSs were recorded from during exposure to extinction training consisting of two series of 15 consecutive light-steps (LSs). When in vitro extinction was administered shortly (2 hr, but not 24 hr) after paired training, B cells from Paired animals showed progressive and robust declines in spike frequency by the 30th LS, while Untrained cells did not. We found that several molecules implicated in H.c. conditioned inhibitory (CI) learning, protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and arachidonic acid (AA)/12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) metabolites, also contributed to the spike frequency decreases produced by in vitro extinction. Protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) also appeared to play a role. Calyculin A (PP1 inhibitor), cyclosporin A (PP2B inhibitor), and baicalein (a 12-LOX inhibitor) all blocked the spike frequency declines in Paired B cells produced by 30 LSs. Conversely, injection of catalytically-active PP1 (caPP1) or PP2B (caPP2B) into Untrained B cells partially mimicked the spike frequency declines observed in Paired cells, as did bath-applied AA, and occluded additional LS-produced reductions in spiking in Paired cells.
Innovative Designs for the Smart ICU

Successfully designing a new ICU requires clarity of vision and purpose and the recognition that the patient room is the core of the ICU experience for patients, staff, and visitors. The ICU can be conceptualized into three components: the patient room, central areas, and universal support services. Each patient room should be designed for single patient use and be similarly configured and equipped. The design of the room should focus upon functionality, ease of use, healing, safety, infection control, communications, and connectivity. All aspects of the room, including its infrastructure; zones for work, care, and visiting; environment, medical devices, and approaches to privacy; logistics; and waste management, are important elements in the design process. Since most medical devices used at the ICU bedside are really sophisticated computers, the ICU needs to be capable of supporting the full scope of medical informatics. The patient rooms, the central ICU areas (central stations, corridors, supply rooms, pharmacy, laboratory, staff lounge, visitor waiting room, on-call suite, conference rooms, and offices), and the universal support services (infection prevention, finishings and flooring, staff communications, signage and wayfinding, security, and fire and safety) work best when fully interwoven. This coordination helps establish efficient and safe patient throughput and care and fosters physical and social cohesiveness within the ICU. A balanced approach to centralized and decentralized monitoring and logistics also offers great flexibility. Synchronization of the universal support services in the ICU with the hospital's existing systems maintains unity of purpose and continuity across the enterprise and avoids unnecessary duplication of efforts.
A possibly meteoritic dust-cloud

This note contains a quoted account of an extraordinary observation made by Captain W. L. Stewart of the British Overseas Airways Corporation, on 1948 February 7, at 11h 45m U.T., while he was flying west-bound at an elevation of 10,000 feet, over a point whose equatorial coordinate number (ECN) = +0209,550, of what was apparently a downwardly concave, cylindrical dust-cloud with a length of nearly 60 miles, which may have been meteoritic in origin.
Offline protected video playback on heterogeneous platforms

This paper provides a solution for protected video download and offline playback on multiple platforms, where different containers and protocols are required for securely delivering the video content. We develop a systematic video download, transformation, decryption, and playback scheme that serves the offline video content on multiple popular platforms. In particular, we deploy only one single universal encrypted media file (UEMF) that can be consumed by multiple platforms with a specially designed platform-specific hint track. Also, our approach employs hardware (or platform native) decryption and avoids the exposure of unencrypted content at the software application level, which ensures both security and performance of the protected video playback. Furthermore, we optimize the video startup time by using a pipeline-based scheduling approach that parallelizes download, transformation, and playback. We evaluate the proposed offline video playback scheme using a download video prototype for both the Adobe Flash and the iOS platforms.
The Impact of Child Parent Relationship Therapy on Child Behavior and Parent-Child Relationships: An Examination of Parental Divorce

The current study used a mixed methodological approach to examine the impact of Child-Parent-Relationship Therapy (CPRT) on divorced parents and their children. Specifically, in the present study, the authors investigated parents’ perceptions of the impact of CPRT on the parent, the child, and the parent‐child relationship. CPRT was found to be helpful in reducing parenting stress and child behavior problems. Parents also reported that CPRT helped them feel more connected to their children and provided them with new tools for parenting. The results of the current study add to the current literature on divorce, affirming that CPRT may be an effective intervention for children of divorce. Limitations of the study and implications for future research are discussed.
Preferential Localization of Radiolabeled Liposomes in Liver

Abstract Liposome formulations were studied to achieve an efficient entrapment procedure for the production of liposomes of 99mTc-pentetic acid. The entrapment efficiency was studied by separation of the product using column chromatography. The particle-size range of the prepared liposomes was evaluated using electron microscopy. Entrapment techniques and separation procedures led to a liposome preparation with particles in the colloidal size range (0.001–0.5 pm). Dramatic differences in the organ distribution of the liposome preparation in mice were pro-duced when different particle-size ranges were injected. Liposomes eluted in the first fraction after the void volume led to a maximum uptake by the liver and spleen 10 min after intravenous injection. Liposomes from pooled fractions provided less than half of the activity in the liver, as did the narrow size range liposome preparation.
Electronic imaging system implementation at Mayo Clinic Rochester: downtime procedures and communication plans.

Electronic imaging system implementation is a challenging process and requires: (1) thorough procedure documentation and communication plans; (2) systematic evaluation of processes by all involved personnel groups; and (3) anticipation of potential issues and documentation of new problems as they occur. Our department is continuously improving procedures and communications as opportunities arise. A downtime procedure manual and a basic communication plan has given us a foundation to build upon and will help us to maintain appropriate levels of patient care throughout electronic system failures. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A00RM031 00014
Role of NK and T cells in IL-12-induced anti-tumor response against hepatic colon carcinoma.

IL-12 is an immuno-regulatory cytokine that has been shown to generate a potent NK and Th1 response in a variety of laboratory models. However, the detailed immune development in the hepatic tumor model by IL-12-mediated gene therapy has not been clarified. In our previous study, intra-tumoral transfer of Adv.mIL-12 (5 x 10(8) pfu) to the MCA26 colon carcinoma liver tumor induced an effective anti-tumor response, extending the median survival time from 29 to over 54 days, while 25% of the animals became tumor-free after a single treatment. In this work, we show that NK cells are responsible for the early, and both NK and T cells for the long-term, Adv.mIL-12-induced immune response. Immunohistopathological analysis of the tumor and in vitro cytotoxicity study of the mononuclear cells of the liver show that NK cells are the first to infiltrate and mediate tumor cell killing, as early as 48 hr after Adv.mIL-12 treatment. In vivo and in vitro depletion of these cells completely abolishes this early anti-tumor response. This activity can be observed in both populations of conventional NK and NKT cells in vitro and in athymic nude mice in vivo. However, the early NK response alone is not sufficient. In vivo T-cell depletion in both the primary tumor treatment and the long-term survival rechallenge study reveals that T cells in addition to NK cells are required in the development of the long-term survival and immunity attributed to Adv.mIL-12 gene therapy in this orthotopic tumor model of colon carcinoma.
Imaging artwork in a studio environment for computer graphics rendering

When viewing a reproduction of a painting in textbooks and online, important visual information, including surface texture, can be lost. Providing an experience to viewers that can convey some of this lost information without significantly increasing the necessary equipment and training possessed by a typical studio photographer would enrich education, documentation, conservation, and presentation of artwork for the public. A modified photometric stereo technique coupled with the rendering software mental ray packaged with Maya ® is presented as a means of capturing surface normal maps and diffuse color information used in the rendering of realistic attributes of paintings. mental ray’s ability to realistically render two different paintings with different gloss properties was evaluated by comparing the proposed capture technique and a previously published technique that employs cross-polarization, demonstrating that traditional imaging is a viable technique for generating input data for computer graphics rendering software.
Learning of sensorimotor behaviors by a SASE agent for vision-based navigation

In this paper, we propose a model to develop robotspsila covert and overt behaviors by using reinforcement and supervised learning jointly. The covert behaviors are handled by a motivational system, which is achieved through reinforcement learning. The overt behaviors are directly selected by imposing supervised signals. Instead of dealing with problems in controlled environments with a low-dimensional state space, our model is applied for the learning in non-stationary environments. Locally balanced incremental hierarchical discriminant regression (LBIHDR) tree is introduce to be the engine of cognitive mapping. Its balanced coarse-to-fine tree structure guarantees real-time retrieval in self-generated high-dimensional state space. Furthermore, K-nearest neighbor strategy is adopted to reduce training time complexity. Vision-based outdoor navigation are used as challenging task examples. In the experiment, the mean square error of heading direction is 0deg for re-substitution test and 1.1269deg for disjoint test, which allows the robot to drive without a big deviation from the correct path we expected. Compared with IHDR (W.S. Hwang and J. Weng, 2007), LBIHDR reduced the mean square error by 0.252deg and 0.5052deg, using re-substitution and disjoint test, respectively.
The hen model of human ovarian cancer develops anti-mesothelin autoantibodies in response to mesothelin expressing tumors

Objective Study of the hen immune system led to seminal contributions to basic immunological principles. Recent studies of spontaneous ovarian cancer in the laying hen show strikingly similar tumor types and antigen expression compared to human ovarian cancer, suggesting hens would be valuable for studies of tumor immunology and pre-clinical vaccine development. Circulating mesothelin is a relatively specific marker for human ovarian cancer and autoantibodies to mesothelin were reported. We hypothesized that hen tumors express mesothelin and that circulating anti-mesothelin antibodies occur in response to tumors.
Diagnosabilities of hypercubes under the pessimistic one-step diagnosis strategy

The capabilities of a system-diagnosis technique based on mutual testing are discussed. The technique is applied to hypercube computer systems. A one-step diagnosis of hypercubes that involves only one testing phase, in which processors test each other, is described. Two kinds of one-step diagnosis are presented: the precise one-step diagnosis and the pessimistic one-step diagnosis. Results indicate that the degree of diagnosability of the n-dimensional hypercube (for short, n-cube), where n>or=4, increases from n to 2n-2 as the diagnosis strategy changes from the precise one-step strategy to the pessimistic one-step diagnosis strategy. If the fault bound, the upper bound on the possible number of faulty processors, is kept to the same number n in both cases of diagnosis, then the pessimistic strategy requires fewer testing links per processor than the precise strategy. An algorithm for selecting the bidirectional links in an n-cube for use as testing links is also presented. >
Incipient Separation Pressure Rise for a Mach 3.8 Turbulent Boundary Layer

Additional incipient separation data presented cover a range of Reynolds numbers not covered in previous investigations conducted by Seebaugh (1968) and Rose (1972). A novel technique for detecting incipient separation is discussed. Several methods for detecting separation are considered. One method is based on the introduction of alcohol at a minute rate into the boundary layer.