cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A multiparameter wearable physiologic monitoring system for space and terrestrial applications

A novel, unobtrusive and wearable, multiparameter ambulatory physiologic monitoring system for space and terrestrial applications, termed LifeGuard, is presented. The core element is a wearable monitor, the crew physiologic observation device (CPOD), that provides the capability to continuously record two standard electrocardiogram leads, respiration rate via impedance plethysmography, heart rate, hemoglobin oxygen saturation, ambient or body temperature, three axes of acceleration, and blood pressure. These parameters can be digitally recorded with high fidelity over a 9-h period with precise time stamps and user-defined event markers. Data can be continuously streamed to a base station using a built-in Bluetooth RF link or stored in 32 MB of on-board flash memory and downloaded to a personal computer using a serial port. The device is powered by two AAA batteries. The design, laboratory, and field testing of the wearable monitors are described.
Homelessness, Behavioral Health Disorders and Intimate Partner Violence: Barriers to Services for Women

Homeless women comprise a significant portion of the homeless population and may encounter multiple life stressors including mental illness, substance abuse, and trauma. Women who are homeless may experience difficulty gaining access to resources such as shelter and health care. In addition, the interaction of behavioral health problems with intimate partner violence (IPV) may create extraordinary barriers to their engagement in services. This paper explores the co-occurrence of homelessness, behavioral health problems, and IPV and lessons learned through a gender-specific homeless services program designed to reach women who are unengaged in traditional services. Recommendations for providing gender-responsive services are discussed.
Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Metal Nanocrystals: Simple Chemistry Meets Complex Physics?

Nanocrystals are fundamental to modern science and technology. Mastery over the shape of a nanocrystal enables control of its properties and enhancement of its usefulness for a given application. Our aim is to present a comprehensive review of current research activities that center on the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We begin with a brief introduction to nucleation and growth within the context of metal nanocrystal synthesis, followed by a discussion of the possible shapes that a metal nanocrystal might take under different conditions. We then focus on a variety of experimental parameters that have been explored to manipulate the nucleation and growth of metal nanocrystals in solution-phase syntheses in an effort to generate specific shapes. We then elaborate on these approaches by selecting examples in which there is already reasonable understanding for the observed shape control or at least the protocols have proven to be reproducible and controllable. Finally, we highlight a number of applications that have been enabled and/or enhanced by the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We conclude this article with personal perspectives on the directions toward which future research in this field might take.
Modeling omnidirectional small antennas for UWB applications

Small antennas are candidates for indoor UWB communication systems operating below 1 GHz due to their omnidirectionality and small form factor. The small antennas are modeled as simple circuit networks, and the radiated far fields can be estimated from the voltages across the radiation resistors in the networks. With these models, UWB transmitters and receivers can be designed in circuit simulators in order to facilitate the co-design of the antenna with the radio circuitry without running separate EM simulations.
Patellar pain and quadriceps rehabilitation. An EMG study.

Eighteen patients (26 knees) giving a history of patel lar dislocation and/or subluxation and continued pa tellar symptoms underwent evaluation to determine the efficacy of their rehabilitation programs. Four- channel cine-electromyography was utilized to assess the relative muscular effort of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis obliquus, and rectus femoris in a series of exercises. Ten degress of flexion of the knee reduced effective muscle effort in the vasti group to an average of ¼ of the muscle effort dem onstrated in full extension of the knee. No consistent pattern was noted by altering the rotation of the hip from neutral to external or internal rotation. The ad dition of weight (5 Ib) to the ankle did not enhance the muscle effort with the knee in full extension. Quad- sets and straight leg-raising exercises in full knee extension offer the best quadriceps rehabilitation pro gram in the patient with a patellar malalignment syn drome and persistent symptoms.
Parallel algorithm for control chart pattern recognition

Fast control chart pattern recognition aids in instantaneous detection of abnormal functioning of a system. In this paper, we present a parallel algorithm for fast control chart pattern recognition. It addresses three major issues of control chart pattern recognition: (i) transparency (ii) accuracy and (iii) fast detection of abnormal patterns. The algorithm uses novel shape features extracted from a control chart pattern (CCP) instead of the unprocessed CCP data or its statistical properties. These shape features can be extracted in parallel. A parallel algorithm that is based on distributed and synergistic neural network structure for recognition of CCPs is described. The paper presents the results of analyzing several hundred control chart patterns and gives a comparison with those reported in previous work.
The GlobalEd Project: Gender differences in a problem-based learning environment of international negotiations

The GlobalEd Project employs a technology richenvironment for high school students who wishto participate in a simulation of internationalrelations and negotiation. A simulationconsists of negotiations on a variety ofinternational policy issues conducted bystudents from 10–15 schools through anInternet-based interface. This study reportsthe findings of 234 high school participants'changes in academic and technologyself-efficacy skills, as well as knowledge,attitudes and behaviors related to academicpreparation and performance, the use ofeducational technology, and associated outcomesfrom participating in a simulation ofinternational relations. The results arediscussed in terms of the current literature onself-efficacy and gender differences incognitive process.
Nonconvex alternating direction method of multipliers for distributed sparse principal component analysis

In this paper, we propose distributed algorithms to perform sparse principal component analysis (SPCA). The key benefit of the proposed algorithms is their ability to handle distributed data sets. Our algorithms are able to handle a few sparse-promoting regularizers (i.e., the convex norm and the nonconvex log-sum penalty) as well as different forms of data partition (i.e., partition across rows or columns of the data matrix). Our methods are based on a nonconvex ADMM framework, and they are shown to converge to stationary solutions of various nonconvex SPCA formulations. Numerical experiments based on both real and synthetic data sets, conducted on high performance computing (HPC) clusters, demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches.
Interactive Coding for Interactive Proofs

We consider interactive proof systems over adversarial communication channels. We show that the seminal result that \({\mathbf {IP}}= {\mathbf {PSPACE}}\) still holds when the communication channel is malicious, allowing even a constant fraction of the communication to be arbitrarily corrupted.
The age-dependent response of serum triglycerides to dietary fructose.

SummaryDiets containing 70.1% glucose, starch, sucrose, or fructose were fed to weanling and mature rats. Dietary fructose or sucrose increased serum triglyceride levels in the mature but not in the weanling rats. The results help to explain some of the conflicting reports found in the literature.
The Contributions of Organizational Sociology to the Practice of Management: A Book Review Essay

The article reviews several books on organizational sociology, including “Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay,” by Charles Perrow, “Social Change in Complex Organizations,” by Jerald Hage and M...
Abstract A166: Biogenesis and regulatory functions of super-enhancer RNAs in cancer cells of the immune system

Super-enhancers (SEs) are large (2 to >100 kilobases) DNA elements that control cell identity and disease. These unusual elements are occupied by high levels of key transcription factors, co-activators and chromatin regulators. SEs are hot spots for sequence variations associated with many human diseases, including cancer. Surprisingly, SEs are transcribed at high levels into RNAs (seRNAs). However, little is known about the biogenesis, structural identity and function of these seRNAs. Preliminary evidence suggests that seRNAs are components of SE complexes, composed of chromatin, RNAs and transcription factors, which play critical roles in controlling expression of key master cell-type-specific transcription factors and disease-causing genes. Our main objectives are to characterize the biogenesis of seRNAs, to determine the composition of RNA-protein complexes associated with seRNAs and to investigate the functions of seRNAs in gene regulation. We are focusing on the c-MYC and RUNX1 SEs, drivers of two cancers originating from B and T cells of the immune system: multiple myeloma (MM) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), respectively. By uncovering the biogenesis and functions of seRNAs at the molecular level, our results may identify novel targets for new therapies for MM and T-ALL, as well as other cancers. New ways to modulate the immune response may also be revealed by our studies. Citation Format: Yang Eric Guo, Richard Young. Biogenesis and regulatory functions of super-enhancer RNAs in cancer cells of the immune system. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A166.
How to Select a Mentor as a Trainee and Junior Faculty

Iam certain that I have no special wisdom about selecting mentors, but I am absolutely certain of the importance of mentorship in career development. In every profession and vocation, guidance by an experienced hand is an important key to and downs, the good times and disappointments that are inevitable in any career. The mentor should be an effective communicator—for you. There should be an effective meshing of personality and lifestyle that enables comfortable, open communication. The ideal mentor will have some track record with prior mentees; effective mentorship requires experience as a mentor. There are several potential types of mentors, and most trainees and junior faculty need more than one.
Role of Energy Storage

In recent years, with increasing renewable power generation integrated into power grids, especially wind and solar power generation, various electric energy storage (EES) technologies, such as battery energy storage, have achieved fast development. The role of EES in the power system is important. The application of EES in the power system spans generation, transmission, distribution, and customer side of operations. There is a variety of energy storage technologies with different characteristics, which can be categorized as mechanical, electrical, electrochemical, thermal, and chemical energy storage. For application, it is necessary to select suitable energy storage technologies, considering not only a comparison of their comprehensive performance but also how they can work in combination with conventional means in power grids. Although the various EES technologies are maturing at different paces, all of them are making progress. EES has wide market potential and will greatly benefit the integration of renewable power generation and the stable operation of smart grids. Keywords: electric energy storage; renewable power generation; energy storage technologies; role of energy storage; grid application; energy storage market estimation
Specialist and generalist symbionts show counterintuitive levels of genetic diversity and discordant demographic histories along the Florida Reef Tract

Specialist and generalist life histories are expected to result in contrasting levels of genetic diversity at the population level, and symbioses are expected to lead to patterns that reflect a shared biogeographic history and co-diversification. We test these assumptions using mtDNA sequencing and a comparative phylogeographic approach for six co-occurring crustacean species that are symbiotic with sea anemones on western Atlantic coral reefs, yet vary in their host specificities: four are host specialists and two are host generalists. We first conducted species discovery analyses to delimit cryptic lineages, followed by classic population genetic diversity analyses for each delimited taxon, and then reconstructed the demographic history for each taxon using traditional summary statistics, Bayesian skyline plots, and approximate Bayesian computation to test for signatures of recent and concerted population expansion. The genetic diversity values recovered here contravene the expectations of the specialist–generalist variation hypothesis and classic population genetics theory; all specialist lineages had greater genetic diversity than generalists. Demography suggests recent population expansions in all taxa, although Bayesian skyline plots and approximate Bayesian computation suggest the timing and magnitude of these events were idiosyncratic. These results do not meet the a priori expectation of concordance among symbiotic taxa and suggest that intrinsic aspects of species biology may contribute more to phylogeographic history than extrinsic forces that shape whole communities. The recovery of two cryptic specialist lineages adds an additional layer of biodiversity to this symbiosis and contributes to an emerging pattern of cryptic speciation in the specialist taxa. Our results underscore the differences in the evolutionary processes acting on marine systems from the terrestrial processes that often drive theory. Finally, we continue to highlight the Florida Reef Tract as an important biodiversity hotspot.
Models of Conflict in Management: A Literature Review

Scholars of management studies have been interested in the study of conflict since the field’s inception. Some research areas of conflict have matured, while other areas are in their adolescence. Our review summarizes three mature areas (i.e. strategic alliances, workforce diversity, and negotiation) and explores in depth three burgeoning ones; i.e. power asymmetry, social dilemmas when organizing, and intergenerational conflict. In reviewing the emerging areas, we summarize key ideas and findings and conclude with a problematization of the area to propose future research directions.
Influence of Supply-Channel Velocity on Farm Delivery Meter Gate Flow Measurement

AbstractThe work presented here is an extension of previous papers that updated the calibration of round (Armco-type) meter gates (three sizes: 0.30, 0.46, and 0.61 m), developed ratings for rectan...
Categories and Their Role in the Science of Emotion.

A perplexing situation persists in the science of emotion: There are a multitude of theories that vary a great deal from one another in almost every way imaginable: on the details of how an emotion...
Pulmonary and Osseous Metastases in Prostatic Cancer: Methods of Quantitative Assessment

The extent of bone and lung metastases in each of eight sites was rated on a semi-quantitative scale using pretreatment films for 102 patients with known metastases at diagnosis. A statistical analysis revealed significant correlation between shortened patient survival and a combination of the number of sites involved and the extent of involvement in those sites. Correlations were also identified with acid phosphatase, pain and performance ratings, but not with tumor grade. Examination of several films for patients treated with endocrine therapy showed that some patients who ultimately show improvement may initially show pseudo-progression.
Membrane protein contact and structure prediction using co-evolution in conjunction with machine learning.

De novo membrane protein structure prediction is limited to small proteins due to the conformational search space quickly expanding with length. Long-range contacts (24+ amino acid separation)–residue positions distant in sequence, but in close proximity in the structure, are arguably the most effective way to restrict this conformational space. Inverse methods for co-evolutionary analysis predict a global set of position-pair couplings that best explain the observed amino acid co-occurrences, thus distinguishing between evolutionarily explained co-variances and these arising from spurious transitive effects. Here, we show that applying machine learning approaches and custom descriptors improves evolutionary contact prediction accuracy, resulting in improvement of average precision by 6 percentage points for the top 1L non-local contacts. Further, we demonstrate that predicted contacts improve protein folding with BCL::Fold. The mean RMSD100 metric for the top 10 models folded was reduced by an average of 2 A for a benchmark of 25 membrane proteins.
Maximizing the persuasiveness of a salesperson: An exploratory study of the effects of nonverbal immediacy and language power on the extent of persuasion

The present study investigated the effects of a salesperson's use of language power and nonverbal immediacy on the persuasiveness of the salesperson. A high level of language power and a high level of nonverbal immediacy were hypothesized to singularly and jointly increase a salesperson's level of persuasiveness. A sample of 211 undergraduate students voluntarily completed an online survey, which displayed a video clip of a sales presentation. Each participant randomly viewed one of four video clips, which differed in terms of the salesperson's levels of language power (powerful vs. powerless) and nonverbal immediacy (high vs. low). A three-way ANOVA indicated that language power had a significant main effect on persuasion in the expected direction, and also revealed a significant interaction between nonverbal immediacy and participant biological sex. However, there were no main effects for nonverbal immediacy and participant biological sex, and no interaction effect was found between language power and nonverbal immediacy. Subsequent data analysis revealed that the perceived power of the speaker mediated the relationship between language power and the extent of persuasion. We conclude the article with a discussion of the implications of our findings for both researchers and practitioners.
Pre-forcing Treatments Influence Bud Break and Shoot Elongation in Forced Woody Species

Abstract Experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of pre-forcing treatments for the release of bud dormancy of dormant stems of lilac, privet and Vanhoutte spirea. The new softwood growth of these dormant stems was used either as explants for in vitro culture or as cuttings for rooting studies of woody plant species in the off-season. A pre-forcing 15% bleach solution (0.78% NaOCl) soak hastened bud break, enhanced percentage of bud break, and promoted shoot elongation. Pre-forcing wetting agent treatments produced similar results to those of the bleach soak with variation among wetting agents and plant species. Smaller treatment differences were observed in the forcing characteristics when stems were collected later in the winter, probably because the cold requirement of the buds had been completely or partially met. This technique will provide explants for in vitro culture and softwood cuttings for propagation of woody plants over an extended period.
Motivation entwicklungsregulativen Handelns

Der menschliche Lebenslauf bietet dem entwicklungsregulativen Handeln des Einzelnen ein alterszeitlich strukturiertes Handlungsfeld. Individuen streben altersgradierte Lebensziele an und handeln dabei orientiert an und eingeschrankt durch biologische und gesellschaftliche Gelegenheitsstrukturen. Motivations- und Handlungsmodelle der Entwicklungsregulation liefern den konzeptuellen Rahmen zur Erforschung wichtiger Grundprozesse der individuellen Agency im Lebenslauf. Entwicklungsziele sind die Organisationseinheiten entwicklungsregulativen Handelns, dessen Erfolg wesentlich davon abhangt, ob die Zielauswahl kongruent mit den Entwicklungsgelegenheiten getroffen wird. Die Motivationstheorie der Lebenslaufentwicklung konzeptualisiert entwicklungsregulative Prozesse im Sinne einer Handlungsphasensequenz von Zielauswahl, Zielverfolgung und Zielablosung, die jeweils spezifische Kontrollstrategien aktivieren.
The Role of Astrocytes in Huntington’s Disease

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by psychiatric disturbances, cognitive impairment and choreiform movements. It is caused by a repeat expansion in the gene encoding the widely expressed protein HTT. This protein is present throughout the nervous system in neuronal and non-neuronal cell types. The mutant HTT (mHTT) protein has been implicated in multiple cellular processes. To date, however, no single mechanism has been shown to be the primary mechanism that leads to neuronal dysfunction and death. Instead, it is believed that multiple mechanisms together may contribute to HD pathogenesis. At present, there is no effective neuroprotective treatment for HD. Although mHTT is found in astrocytes, most of the focus to date has been on understanding processes that may be dysfunctional in neurons. Nonetheless, there is substantial evidence for abnormal astrocytes in HD. In this chapter we present a review of the current understanding of astrocyte involvement in HD. We describe observations made in HD patients concerning morphological and molecular changes in astrocytes as disease progresses. Additionally, we describe the recapitulation of some of the phenotypes observed in HD patients in various mouse models expressing the mHTT protein. Together, the data from patients and the mouse models strongly implicate astrocyte-specific mechanisms as players in the pathogenesis of HD.
Applications of Analytical Microscopy to Cermaic Research

The objective of this paper is twofold. First, a definition of Analytical Electron Microscopy (AEM) will be developed through consideration of the development of instrumentation and techniques. Second, the usefulness of AEM for the characterization of ceramic materials will be demonstrated through discussion of specific applications. Details of the design and use of instrumentation, specific sample preparation requirements and interpretation of data obtained cannot be presented in a short review paper. However, the references are intended to point the reader to pertinent literature in each of these critical areas. While the recent literature available describing AEM is substantial, it is also specialized. Textbooks have been written covering topics presented in this review in a sentence. So, with the understanding that the field of AEM is ill-defined, broad and deep, let us proceed.
The Power of Images: Enhancing Learning Outcomes in a History of Photography Course Through an Understanding of Genocide and the Refugee Experience

This chapter focuses on the impact of integrating the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH)/Kupferberg Holocaust Center (KHC) Colloquium Series, “Fleeing Genocide: Displacement, Exile, and the Refugee,” into a History of Photography course. By aligning the course learning outcomes with one event, and studying materials on war, conflict, and refugees, I aimed to instill in my students a sense of empathy, an understanding of the refugee experience, and a desire to act as twenty-first-century citizens. To assess the impact and student learning associated with this addition to my curriculum, students wrote pre-/post-reflection papers on their understanding of the global refugee crisis. Students’ responses indicate an increased appreciation for the role images play in our society and an expanded understanding of the complex issues surrounding genocide, displacement, and the refugee experience.
Sensitivity of generalized translog model estimates to alternative Pythagorean means: Evidence from US healthcare

The generalized translog cost (GTLC) methodology is widely used in applied econometric modeling of production. Usually without rationale, the mean expansion point is overwhelmingly the arithmetic. However, the arithmetic mean could yield biased estimates and inferences. Consequently, our core innovation is testing operational inferences from fitting a dual GTLC model to multiple expansion points of data concerning US physical therapy, an increasingly vital industry. Our panel data includes 4,500 bi‐weekly observations across 27 US states. The study clearly demonstrates how the economic contents (e.g., economies of scale and elasticities) of the underlying production technology differ markedly across the three Pythagorean means.
Modeling the Political Geography of Presidential Voting

In this chapter we model the political geography of partisan voting that we identified in Chap. 2. We do so for each presidential election from 1828 through 2016 using a common set of covariates for each election. These covariates capture some of the principal fault lines in American political history: race, immigration, and the rural-urban divide. We find that the effects of these variables on partisan voting have changed in meaningful ways over the course of American electoral history.
“How may i help you?” Says a robot: Examining language styles in the service encounter

Abstract Is figurative or literal language more effective in the service encounter context? The current research reveals that literal language used by a service provider might be more congruent with conversational norms, thus leading to better customer evaluation. Most importantly, the effectiveness of language styles (literal vs. figurative) is contingent on a service agent type (human vs. robot vs. kiosk). Specifically, consumers respond more favorably to human service agents who use literal (vs. figurative) language, and due to the notion of anthropomorphism such an effect extends to service robots. However, the language style effect is not observed among service kiosks as they lack humanlike features. Furthermore, perceived credibility is the underlying mechanism explaining the language style effect among service agents.
Implementing a health literacy module fostering patient-centered written communication in a cardiovascular prevention elective course

Abstract Background A universal approach to health literacy employs clear communication and emphasizes patient action in support of understanding cardiovascular risks and making healthy lifestyle changes. The aim of this project was to evaluate the impact of a health literacy module on enhancing students' written patient education material using standardized readability assessment tools. Educational activity A professional elective course employed team-based learning and a community health fair activity. The course was enhanced with four hours of health literacy content. Pharmacy student learners were assigned a cardiovascular condition and designed an informational pamphlet. Two faculty members evaluated the student pamphlets in the pre-health literacy module (n = 15) and post-module (n = 23) groups using the Flesch grade level, Flesch reading ease score, and 15 health literacy criteria identified from previous literature. Critical analysis of the educational activity There was a modest integration of health literacy concepts based on the Flesch grade level and the mean total health literacy criteria achieved. Student learners improved in areas of readability, message content, numeracy/statistics, and patient actionability concepts. Simplifying technical jargon remains to be a barrier. The results will be used to improve our health literacy pamphlet rubric and classroom instruction. The health literacy module was valuable in fostering understanding and application of health literacy concepts, and preparing student learners for providing patient-centered communication.
Entropy-based selection with multiple objectives

In this article we present an approach to determine the initially unspecified weights in an additive measurable multiattribute value function. We formulate and solve a series of nonlinear programming problems which (1) incorporate whatever partial information concerning the attribute weights or overall relative value of alternatives the decision maker chooses to provide, yet (2) yield a specific set of weights as a result. Although each formulation is rather easily solved using the nonlinear programming software GINO (general interactive optimizer), solutions in closed form dependent on a single parameter are also provided for a number of these problems.
Ambient-Temperature Chloroaluminate Molten Salts: Solvents for Chloro Complex Electrochemistry and for Reductive Condensation Syntheses

The ambient-temperature molten salt AlCl3:1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (ImCl) provides a low-temperature medium for the study of chloro complexes when the AlCl3: ImCl molar ration is 1 (acidic melt), the molten salt contains the strongly Lewis-acidic species Al2C1 7 − which functions as an effective chloride acceptor. Recently, it has been demonstrated by J. S. Wilkes and co-workers that Na metal reacts with an acidic melt producing a metallic precipitate, believed to be an Al/Na alloy, and soluble NaCl. This alloy, when combined with the chloride accepting properties of the acidic melt, can be employed as a reagent to induce reductive condensation reactions providing low-valent metal clusters from high-valent metal chlorides. Preliminary investigations on the reduction of NbCl5 and TaCl5 in an acidic melt at room temperature indicate formation of the hexanuclear chloro clusters, M6Cl 12 n+ .
Changing treatment paradigms for brain metastases from melanoma-part 1: Diagnosis, prognosis, symptom control, and local treatment

Melanoma is the third most common cause of brain metastases, after lung and breast cancer. The management of melanoma brain metastases can be broadly divided into symptom control and therapeutic strategies. Supportive treatments include corticosteroids to reduce peritumoral edema, antiepileptics for seizure control, and medications to preserve cognitive function. Until recently, therapeutic strategies consisted primarily of local treatments, including surgery, whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Surgery, WBRT, and SRS-alone and in various combinations-still play an important role in treatment, especially in patients with few and/or smaller brain lesions. Much work has been done recently to try to determine the optimal settings for these therapies, the most effective ways to combine them, and ideal radiation dose and fractions.
Steady-State Scenario Development for Synthetic Transmission Systems

The development of synthetic transmission networks has equipped the power system research community with public test cases that can be used and shared freely. As the synthetic electric grid power flow model only represents a one-time snapshot of the system, this paper proposes a methodology of developing scenarios that can reflect a wide spectrum of system operating conditions. The general process of determining load and generation levels, planning scheduled outages, and dispatching generators is discussed. Techniques that are commonly used to aid the convergence of power flow of scenario case are also provided.
The Hazard Analysis Risk-Based Preventive Controls

In 2011, the U.S. Congress passed, and the president signed into law, the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). A key regulation issued under the law is “Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Hazard Analysis, and Risk-Based Preventive Controls for Human Food”. Among the requirements of the regulation is for food manufacturers to develop Hazard Analysis Risk-Based Preventive Control (HARPC) food safety plans. The underlying approach behind HARPC is close to that taken from globally accepted Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles. Both rely on experience and scientific data to proactively identify and evaluate process-specific food safety hazards and to develop appropriate, effective, and verifiable control measures. In this chapter, the evolution of HARPC from HACCP is discussed and requirements within the FSMA regulation are summarized.
Translations from the Vietnamese: 'A Missing Person' by Vuong Tam

Vuong Tam was born in 1946, in Hanoi, Vietnam. He graduated from Hanoi University of Polytechnic and started to write fiction as a child. He is a member of the Vietnam Writers’ Association and currently is a news reporter for the New Hanoi. He is a prolific writer and has published both poetry and fiction. “A Missing Person” is anthologized in Chien tranh cung mang guong mat dan ba (Women’s Faces in War), published by Literature Press, Hanoi, in 2014. The story emphasizes how stirring up memories of war experiences is a way of healing, especially when a veteran feels being part of a group, a substitute family that understands and accepts him.
Two Cases of Transient Global Amnesia in Marfan Syndrome (P2.3-064)

Objective: To discuss the presentation and underlying pathophysiology of transient global amnesia (TGA) in two patients with Marfan Syndrome. Background: TGA is characterized by the sudden onset of anterograde amnesia lasting up to 24 hours. The mean age of onset is between 60 and 65 years and it usually does not recur. The pathophysiology of TGA may involve a vascular mechanism of transient venous congestion or arterial ischemia. Although Marfan Syndrome is characterized by a strong predisposition for vascular disease, especially aortic root dilatation and dissection, there are no prior reports of TGA in Marfan Syndrome. Design/Methods: Report of two Marfan patients presenting with TGA. Results: Two patients with Marfan Syndrome presented with sudden onset anterograde amnesia lasting 8 to 10 hours. Both patients had a history of aortic root replacement, and family history of sudden death from aortic dissection. In each case, a complete work-up was otherwise normal and the diagnosis was TGA. The first patient was a 28-year-old male with no obvious trigger for the amnestic episode, and he had no TGA recurrence. The second patient was a 54-year-old female presenting after intense physical exertion. She had a second episode of TGA one year later associated with strong emotion, and a third episode two years after the initial event following prolonged heat exposure. Conclusions: Both patients had early presentations of transient global amnesia, and the second patient had three total episodes, which is rare. There are numerous reports of transient global amnesia concurrent with aortic dissection. Although our patients did not experience aortic dissection, their underlying connective tissue disorder and history of aortic root replacement may have made them more susceptible to transient disruptions in venous flow. Disclosure: Dr. Morris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rabinstein has nothing to disclose. Dr. Young has nothing to disclose.
Pessimistic evasive flow capturing problems

Abstract The evasive flow capturing problem (EFCP) is to locate a set of law enforcement facilities to intercept unlawful flows. One application of the EFCP is the location problem of weigh-in-motion systems deployed by authorities to detect overloaded vehicles characterized by evasive behavior. In contrast to the existing literature, this study focuses on the bounded-rationality of drivers and represents the most generic form of the EFCP. We present two pessimistic formulations of the problem to capture various degrees of ambiguity in the route choice of drivers. In particular, we look at the worst-case scenario, when drivers select roads with the highest damage costs. The resulting formulations yield a robust network design and represent the realistic behavior of drivers. The pessimistic formulations introduce another level in the optimization problem, for which we propose a cutting plane algorithm. The proposed solution methods demonstrate their effectiveness on real and randomly generated networks. We also provide numerical analysis to measure the value of considering pessimistic formulations and demonstrate the vulnerability of optimizing and optimistic assumptions on the behavior of drivers.
Research on Load Modeling Considering Distributed Photovoltaic Generation

A comprehensive load model structure considering distributed photovoltaic generation is proposed in this paper. On the basis of this, an integrated load model parameter aggregation equivalence method considering distributed photovoltaic generation is proposed to accurately simulate the integrated load characteristics of distribution network with photovoltaic power generation. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed load modeling method with distributed photovoltaic power generation system.
Preparing GTAs for Active Learning in the General Chemistry Lab: Development of an Evidence-Based Rehearsal Module for a Mixed-Reality Teaching Simulator

There is an assumption that graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) have mastery of the chemistry content they are teaching and preparation to instruct students. However, in reformed classrooms, GTAs may need more support and resources. We designed chemistry rehearsal modules for use in a mixed-reality teaching simulator to help prepare GTAs for instruction in reformed classrooms by targeting pedagogical skills. The modules included familiar curricular activities and research-based student conceptions. We conducted an exploratory study with three experienced GTAs to investigate the utilization of the module inside the simulator. The three GTAs practiced cold calling and error framing and participated in a 1-h interview based on their experience. We recorded, transcribed, and coded the interviews and the simulator sessions. The three GTAs implemented the skills and provided feedback that supported the use of the module in the simulator and the authentic nature of the practice. Simulated environments that encourage personalized learning, skill practice, and responding to literature-based student ideas provide a promising avenue for graduate teaching assistant professional development.
Electronic and optical properties of Zn-doped β-Ga2O3 Czochralski single crystals

β-Ga2O3 has several soluble deep acceptors that impart insulating behavior. Here, we investigate Zn doping (0.25 at. %) in bulk Czochralski and vertical gradient freeze β-Ga2O3. Representative crystals were assessed for orientation (electron backscatter diffraction and Raman spectroscopy), purity (glow discharge mass spectrometry and secondary ion mass spectrometry), optical properties (ultraviolet to near infrared absorption), and electrical properties (resistivity and current–voltage). Purity measurements indicate that Zn evaporation is insufficient to inhibit doping of Zn into β-Ga2O3. Hybrid functional calculations show Zn substitutes nearly equally on tetrahedral and octahedral sites, with less than ∼0.1 eV preference for the octahedral (GaII) site. Furthermore, calculations show that ZnGa acts as a deep acceptor with trapping levels ∼1.3 and ∼0.9 eV above the valence band for one and two holes, respectively. The solubility and electronic behavior of Zn dopants are consistent with measured concentrations >1 × 1018 atoms/cm3 and electrical measurements that show resistivity 1011–1013 Ω cm, with no p-type conduction.
Dairy worker training experiences.

In recent years, the dairy industry workforce has changed considerably, creating challenges to effective communication, oversight and direction of worker effort. Effective training interventions are necessary to assure that dairy workers have the skills and knowledge to make sound animal health and production related decisions. One approach to this challenge is to formalize a dairy worker training curriculum and offer culturally sensitive training opportunities for Hispanic dairy workers. Training opportunities range from individualized training programs designed to address health and production issues specific to a particular dairy, to centralized training sessions designed to provide basic and general knowledge and skills to employees of multiple dairies. Training methodologies should engage this cultural population into the learning process and address producers' needs regarding topic coverage and preferred delivery methods. Such programs can be popular and successful, based on producer and worker course evaluations.
Making contact with the inner world of the child. Toward a theory of psychoanalytic psychotherapy with children.

SYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY of children evolved out of the combination of psychoanalytic psychology, the direct observation of young children, and the study of the child’s immediate and larger social environment, primarily the family and the school. The child guidance movement, a uniquely American approach to the treatment of emotional problems of children, remained carefully balanced between an emphasis on the child’s inner life, on the one hand, and on the importance of the environment in the treatment of the child, on the other. The relatively heavy emphasis which most training centers placed on the individual treatment of children was primarily related to the influence of psychoanalytic theory on the practice of psychotherapy in this country. Anna Freud,’ with her pioneering work in child psychoanalysis, was the singularly most influential person in the development of psychoanalytic psychotherapy with children. This meant not only the application of psychoanalytic theory to the understanding of the child’s psychopathology, but that the principles which guided the individual treatment of the child were also derived from psychoanalytic treatment principles. These principles, in turn, were to a greater or lesser degree similar to the ones employed in the analysis of adults. Though there are considerable variations regarding the rigidity with which the principles of analytic abstinence are being observed in child analysis, many child analysts maintain that children, no different from adults, can be treated by a focus upon their transferences, and that the only way to promote the analytic process with them is through the exclusive use of interpretations.2 Weiss takes issue with the practice of consulting with the parents on the same grounds as he does with giving the child candy or birthday gifts; namely that they all interfere with transference developments and detract the child from the work of the analysis. “If the child’s pathology is in the past, if it is structuralized, then it can be analyzed within the transference. If the pathology is of the present and is a continuation of the past, that aspect which is current and not a transference onto the parents cannot be analyzed at that time. That which is transference, whether to analyst or to From the Deparrmenr of PsychiarrF (.4dult Divisions. L’nrversif~~ o/’ Cincinnari. (‘ollypc, III Medicine. Cincinnati, Ohio and the Cincinnati P.~ychoanaiyric In~fitute. Cincinnati, Ohrr)
Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Response of Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Neuropathy Refractory to Standard Therapy. (P7.093)

OBJECTIVE:Analyze patients with refractory CIDP BACKGROUND: CIDP is one of the most common treatable neuropathies, however up to 20[percnt] of patients do not respond to standard therapy. Potential reasons for treatment failure include inadequate immunosuppression and initial misdiagnosis. No study to date has systematically addressed refractory CIDP cases to distinguish between these possibilities. DESIGN/METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 32 patients referred to an academic neuromuscular practice with the diagnosis of CIDP refractory to IVIG, plasmapheresis, or corticosteroids. Clinical, electrodiagnostic, and laboratory features of patients with confirmed diagnosis of CIDP (n=13) and those with alternate diagnoses (n=19) were compared. Clinical course and response to treatment were assessed. RESULTS: 85[percnt] of patients with confirmed CIDP showed significant improvement after increased immunosuppression. Of these, 45 [percnt] improved after increasing frequency of maintenance IVIG, 27[percnt] after high dose cyclophosphamide, and 18 [percnt] after fludarabine. The most common alternate diagnosis was amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (22[percnt]). Other diagnoses were multifocal motor neuropathy, small fiber neuropathy, idiopathic neuropathy, anti-MAG peripheral neuropathy, hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies, inclusion body myositis, spinocerebellar atrophy, and carpal tunnel syndrome. The clinical features that most reliably distinguished between two groups of patients included presence of distal muscle weakness (91 [percnt] vs. 58[percnt], p<0.01) areflexia (100[percnt] vs. 41 [percnt], p<0.001), and large-fiber sensory loss (100[percnt] vs. 50[percnt], p<0.01). Patients with confirmed CIDP had significantly more demyelinating findings (DF) on NCS (3.7 vs. 0.6, p<0.0001). 61 [percnt] of patients with alternate diagnoses had no DF on NCS. However, presence of 1 or 2 DFs did not reliably distinguish between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: CIDP patients who do not improve with standard therapy include those with correctly diagnosed CIDP that responds to escalation of immunosuppression and those initially misdiagnosed. These two groups can be distinguished based on their clinical and electophysiological characteristics Disclosure: Dr. Kaplan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brannagan has received personal compensation for activities with Grifols, Pfizer, and Baxter International.
Oviduct development inDrosophila

The lateral oviducts ofDrosophila virilis were investigated in normal unoperated adult females, after unilateral and bilateral ovariectomy, and following the transplantation of genital discs. Subsequent to unilateral ovariectomy at larval stages of development, mature adult females exhibited reproductive systems with a free lateral oviduct which appeared somewhat shorter and less distended than a lateral oviduct normally attached to an ovary. Histological examination revealed that such free lateral oviducts have undergone considerable growth and differentiation in the absence of direct ovarian attachment, but exhibited a smaller lumen and more highly folded epithelium. They may be distinguished from attached lateral oviducts by conformational differences and by a possibly lesser size of the epithelial cells. Free lateral oviducts observed among bilaterally ovariectomized and sham-ovariectomized specimens were indistinguishable from those obtained after unilateral ovariectomy. The results are at variance with the previously accepted conclusion that oviduct growth inDrosophila is dependent upon inductive influences emanating from the ovary and directing the outgrowth of the oviducts. Differences in the developmental performance of the oviducts as a function of age at the time of ovariectomy were not evident in the study which included larvae ranging from the second instar to late in the third instar. Transplants of larval female genital discs to other larvae revealed a lesser development of the lateral oviducts than that exhibited by a genital disc developingin situ. A range of oviducal growth which lacked any relation to ovarian influences or to other internal organs of the hosts was obtained. In general, decreased amounts of oviducal muscle were found associated with the transplants.