cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Introduction of Neotropical Tachinids into Southeast Asia for Biological Control of Stem Borers of Graminaceous Crops

A few species of lepidopterous stem borers in Southeast Asia have been, since time immemorial, responsible for considerable damage to crops such as rice, sugarcane, maize, etc. Four pyralids, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), Tryporyza incertulas (Walker), T. iunotata (Walker), and Chilotraea polychrysa (Meyrick), are important pests of rice. Sugarcane is attacked by many borers including the following species: C. infuscatella (Snellen), C. auricilia (Dudgeon), T. nivella (F.), Eucosoma schistaceana (Snellen), Proceras venosatus (Walker), Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), etc. A noctuid borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker), attacks rice, sugarcane, and maize, as well as other graminaceous crops.
Ether Extract of Shell Membranes and Albumen as Affected by Spray and Dip Oiling

Abstract Shell eggs in marketing channels are usually coated with mineral oil. This oiling procedure is normally accomplished by spraying a fine mist of oil on the shells immediately after the eggs are washed and packed in cartons or case flats (Stadelman and Wilson, 1958). The function of the oil is to seal the pores in the shell and as a result inhibit the escape of carbon dioxide from the albumen (Almquist and Hoist, 1933). The maintenance of carbon dioxide in the egg minimizes pH changes of the albumen and thus limits sharp alterations in interior physical quality. Swenson (1939) held oil dipped eggs for 11 months at −1°C. and evaluated the quantity of oil in the shell and shell membranes. Swenson (1939) used an oil bearing dye in oiling the shell and reported that dye was not observable in albumens of eggs held at −1°C. for 11 months. The oil . . .
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Other Enzyme Defects

When the metabolic processes of erythrocytes do not function properly, problems may occur in a number of reactions in a metabolic pathway. Enzyme defects have been associated with each of the major erythrocyte metabolic processes, although not all enzymopathies are associated with hematologic problems inpatients. The defect in one of these enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), exposes the red blood cell to the harmful effect of accumulated oxidants, especially those that convert hemoglobin to methemoglobin. Individuals deficient in G6PD are unaware of their disorder until some stress taxes the system, resulting in a hemolytic event. Diagnosis of the deficiency depends on the clinical features and laboratory findings during the hemolytic episode. Clinically significant deficiencies of other enzymes involved in glutathione metabolism are rare.
Tissue tropisms in group A Streptococcus: what virulence factors distinguish pharyngitis from impetigo strains?

Purpose of reviewGroup A streptococci (GAS) are a common cause of pharyngitis and impetigo, and distinct throat strains and skin strains have been long recognized. This review aims to describe recent advances in molecular differences between throat and skin strains, and the pathogenic mechanisms use
A Third Comparison of Two Short-Form Derivatives of the Taylor MAS, Using Psychiatric Patients:

Earlier studies in this Journal failed to adduce convincing evidence that Christie and Budnitzsky's 20-item forced-choice anxiety scale reduces social desirability effects otherwise assumed to be p...
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF GLOBAL LONGITUDINAL STRAIN AND CORRECTION OF PRIMARY MITRAL REGURGITATION IN PATIENTS WITH PRESERVED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION

The prognostic significance of baseline LV-global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) in asymptomatic/minimally symptomatic patients with ≥3+ primary mitral regurgitation (PMR) & preserved LVEF (≥60%) late following medical management or surgical correction is unknown. Among 1202 patients (61±13
The Nuclear Cycle and Spore Discharge in Endemosarca Hypsalyxis

Endemosarca hypsalyxis Erdos & Olive is a recently described plasmodial parasite of the ciliate protozoan Colpoda sp. (1). It was described in conjunction with a new family, the Endemosarcidae, which was tentatively allied with the Proteomyxida. Methods for culture and microscopic observation have been described elsewhere (1, 4). The form of the trophic stage and the presence of biflagellate zoospores suggests a relationship with the Plasmodiophorida (Plasmodiophorales). However, cruciform nuclear division is considered a prime diagnostic
Critical care nursing research: opportunities and resources

BACKGROUND: As patient needs become more complex in the critical care setting, nurses with increased clinical expertise are needed to expand the research knowledge base and apply existing knowledge in practice settings. PURPOSE: To review opportunities and resources that are available to facilitate nurses' involvement in critical care research: opportunities for participation in research, sources of ideas, human and financial resources, and ideas for the dissemination of research findings. CONCLUSIONS: Opportunities and resources available for critical care research are numerous, varied, and widely available. They should be used to advance the scientific bases for critical care practice.
Breeding of New Rice Varity Longjing 33 in Cold Region

Longjing 33 was bred from the offspring of ‘Kongyu131×Song99-135’ by Jiamusi Rice Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2002.It was a new variety with good quality,high yield,rice blast resistance and cold resistance.It was approved and extended in January 2010 by the Heilongjiang Crop Variety Approval Committee.Its breeding process,characteristics and main points of cultivation were introduced.
A systems analysis of Access-A-Ride, New York City’s paratransit service

Abstract The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires paratransit service to bridge gaps in accessibility on public transit. Access-A-Ride (AAR) should be a comparable alternative to fixed-route service, but requires 24-hour advance planning and is known for high cost, inefficiency, and poor service. This pilot study uses narrative analysis and systems theories to examine the interaction between users’ experiences and federal and transit agency policies. Methods An “activity meaning system” was developed to identify consistencies and inconsistencies between policy and practice. Values analysis was used for texts from three stakeholders: the ADA section regarding paratransit, a section of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA)’s AAR guidelines, and one user narrative. For more detail from users’ perspectives, plot elements were coded for 25 narratives about AAR taken from in-depth interviews with eight adult wheelchair users living in New York City. Quotations from values analysis and plot analysis were also coded using ecological systems theory. Results Values analysis indicated that federal policy denounced discrimination, while acknowledging limitations to providing comparable service. The MTA’s values placed responsibility for miscommunication on users and emphasized externalities and costs. The user narrative shared most of the values of the ADA and MTA policies, except for recognizing cost. Plot analysis revealed over twice as many complications (n = 139) as resolutions (n = 65). Complications included limited options, logistical issues, excessive time or distance, and psychological/physiological problems, while resolutions were acceptive, reactive, or proactive. Systems analysis revealed that values of stakeholders were aligned with ecosystem levels. Complications occurred in similar frequencies at micro/meso and exo/macro levels, but resolutions were most frequent at the micro level. Conclusions The findings reveal a need and opportunity for dialogue about policies affecting how AAR service is delivered and highlights areas where policy has failed to ensure equal service, causing distress for users.
Pharmacists' satisfaction with drug product selection legislation.

Summary The potential for savings from drug product selection is not being fully realized. To determine Texas pharmacists' opinions about various aspects of the Texas Drug Product Selection Legislation of 1981 and to identify barriers to drug product selection, a sample of 1,500 pharmacists were surveyed. Of 959 respondents, 80.7% indicated they were satisfied or somewhat satisfied with the law. The most common reasons for satisfaction were that pharmacists are allowed to use their professional judgment, and the law helps save patients money. The pharmacists rated the physicians' use of the "Dispense as Written" line as the greatest barrier to drug product selection. Those who did not practice drug product selection cited uncertainty about effectiveness or quality of generics, and patients' preference for brand name products. Public education and increased information on generic drug quality are recommended as techniques for achieving the law's intent.
Multimode Regime of Hot Acoustic Phonon Propagation in Two Dimensional Layers

At present there is a considerable interest toward new type of nanostructures: freestanding quantum wells (FSQWs) and free-standing quantum wires (FSQWIs). An important peculiarity of free-standing structures is the quantization of acoustic phonons. The acoustic phonon quantization has been observed both in optical and electrical experiments.1,2 The acoustic phonon modes in free-standing structures and their interaction with electrons have been studied in a number of papers (see e.g. Refs.3–5 and references therein). Due to complicated spectrum of acoustic phonons, their propagation in FSQWs and FSQWIs differs significantly from propagation of bulk acoustic phonons. This is important for heat pulses propagation in such structures and for heat removal from free-standing structures.
Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

The pathology, clinical features, and disorders associated with optic nerve hypoplasia in children are reviewed from the Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Weston Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland.
4D-CT for Detection of Parathyroid Adenomas and Hyperplasia: State of the Art Imaging

Radiologic localization of parathyroid lesions is essential for the surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism. In recent years, multiphase parathyroid 4D-CT has evolved from an adjunct imaging technique to a first-line choice for planning parathyroidectomy at some institutions. Here, we review the background, technique, and interpretation of parathyroid 4D-CT. Compared with the traditional modalities of scintigraphy and ultrasound, CT provides superior sensitivity for localizing parathyroid lesions, and is particularly valuable in the setting of planning remedial surgery and when patients have multi-gland disease (double adenomas or four-gland hyperplasia). A three-phase CT protocol optimizes lesion detection and characterization. A systematic approach to image interpretation and reporting, incorporating the Duke 4D-CT scoring system, enables radiologists to convey relevant information and facilitate successful surgery. We recommend using a three-phase CT protocol and provide an updated six-step approach to parathyroid CT interpretation and reporting.
Heroin refusal self-efficacy and preference for medication-assisted treatment after inpatient detoxification.

Abstract Objective An individual's self-efficacy to refuse using heroin in high-risk situations is believed to minimize the likelihood for relapse. However, among individuals completing inpatient heroin detoxification, perceived refusal self-efficacy may also reduce one's perceived need for medication-assisted treatment (MAT), an effective and recommended treatment for opioid use disorder. In the current study, we examined the relationship between heroin refusal self-efficacy and preference for MAT following inpatient detoxification. Method Participants ( N = 397) were interviewed at the start of brief inpatient opioid detoxification. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted association of background characteristics, depressed mood, and perceived heroin refusal self-efficacy with preference for MAT. Results Controlling for other covariates, depressed mood and lower perceived refusal self-efficacy were associated with a significantly greater likelihood of expressing preference for MAT (versus no MAT). Conclusions Perceived ability to refuse heroin after leaving detox is inversely associated with a heroin user's desire for MAT. An effective continuum of care model may benefit from greater attention to patient's perceived refusal self-efficacy during detoxification which may impact preference for MAT and long-term recovery.
T-complex-associated-testis-expressed 3 (TCTE3) is a novel marker for pancreatobiliary carcinomas

Several markers of pancreatobiliary lineage have been described in the literature. However, none have demonstrated sufficient specificity and sensitivity to warrant diagnostic use. We evaluated the utility of T-complex-associated-testis-expressed 3 (TCTE3) as a pancreatobiliary marker. A set of 247 adenocarcinomas from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract was identified including 18 from the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), 29 stomach, 17 ampullary, 62 pancreatic, and 16 common bile duct and gallbladder (CBD/GB), 13 non-ampullary small intestine, 32 colon, and 24 rectum. The remainder consisted of 16 cholangiocarcinomas and 20 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Additionally, 163 adenocarcinomas from the breast, gynecologic tract, prostate, urothelium, kidney, and lung were stained for comparison. Immunohistochemistry for TCTE3 and other gastrointestinal markers was performed. Positive expression of TCTE3 was characterized by a strong, well-defined membranous pattern with or without weak cytoplasmic staining. Expression was identified in the normal epithelial cells of pancreatobiliary tree, but staining was absent in normal epithelial cells of esophagus, stomach, and intestine. Hepatocytes, pancreatic acini and islets and other non-epithelial cells were also negative for staining. TCTE3 was expressed in 93.5% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, 37.5% of CBD/GB adenocarcinomas, 50% of cholangiocarcinomas, 76.4% of ampullary adenocarcinomas, and 33.3% of GEJ adenocarcinomas. Only 3.5% of the gastric, 7.7% of non-ampullary small intestinal and 6.25% of colonic tumors exhibited positive staining. Expression was absent in rectal carcinomas and HCCs. These results suggest that TCTE3 is a useful marker of pancreatobiliary differentiation and may aid in distinguishing these tumors from gastric and intestinal primary tumors.
Complementary DAEs of Motion

In this chapter, complementary or dual forms of Lagrangian DAEs and Hamiltonian DAEs are presented for constrained multidisciplinary systems.
Enzyme-Catalyzed Oxidative Browning of Fruit Products

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the present knowledge of the role of oxidizing enzymes in the oxidative discoloration of fruit and fruit products. Several theories have been proposed for the nature and course of enzymic browning, differing considerably in nomenclature as well as in mechanism. Different enzymes having the ability to catalyze oxidation of phenols by molecular oxygen have been mentioned. Some of the oxidizing enzymes are known to be important while others are of doubtful importance. The enzyme systems that are involved in oxidative browning of higher plants with some of their properties have been discussed. The chapter discusses the location and distribution of the polyphenolases and peroxidases in fruit tissues, particularly as affected by maturity, growing conditions and varietal differences. Several hypotheses have been presented as to the function of polyphenolase in plants. With respect to activation and inactivation of phenolases, the chapter discusses the effect of pH, temperature, temperature arid pH on rate of inactivation, salts and inhibitors, sugars, and inactivation by electrical energy. The control of enzymic browning in industry is based on the assumption that this browning is largely due to interaction of the enzyme, polyphenolase, with molecular oxygen and a suitable phenolic substrate.
Abstract 1391: Multidrug Resistant Protein 1 But Not Breast Cancer Resistant Protein 1 Confers the Phenotype of Cardiac Side Population Cells

Background: Side population (SP) cells are highly enriched for progenitor cell capacity. They are characterized by their ability to efflux Hoechst dye via ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters such as breast cancer resistant protein 1 (Bcrp1) and multidrug resistant protein 1 (Mdr1). First identified in bone marrow (BMSP), SP cells with tissue specific progenitor capacity were found in various solid organs. Recently, we have isolated cardiac SP cells (CSP) from adult myocardium. These CSP cells exhibit high proliferative capacity and the ability to differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes in vitro. While Bcrp1 confers the SP phenotype in BMSP cells and is implicated in their proliferation, little is known about the role of Bcrp1 and Mdr1 in CSP cells. Methods and Results: To determine the role of Bcrp1 and Mdr1 in mediating CSP cell phenotype, we isolated CSP and BMSP cells from wildtype (WT) and mice lacking Bcrp1 (Bcrp1-ko) or Mdr1a/1b (Mdr1-ko) using fluorescence assisted cell sorting (FACS). WT-mice exhibited BMSP and CSP. RT-PCR analysis of sorted SP cells confirmed the expression of both Bcrp1 and Mdr1a/1b in WT-BMSP and WT-CSP cells. Bcrp1-ko mice lacked a BMSP population, though exhibited a clear CSP population. In contrast, Mdr1-ko mice exhibited BMSP cells, but their hearts lacked detectable CSP cells. The proliferation capacity was also determined in CSP isolated from Brcp1-ko and WT mice. Interestingly, CSP cells lacking Bcrp1 demonstrated significantly impaired proliferative capacity as compared to WT CSP cells (fold increase in cell number at day 9: Bcrp1-ko 3.4±0.5; WT 38.3±1.7). Conclusion: The ABC transporters Mdr1 and Bcrp1 specifically mediate CSP cell dye efflux and proliferation, respectively. Stimulation of these individual transporters may therefore be used to enhance cardiac progenitor cell survival and proliferation.
Open Access Nanotechnology for Developing Countries: Lessons from Open Source Software

Experience has shown that there is no quick fix that enables developing countries to benefit from technological development. Even strategies designed with specific social goals in mind rarely succeed unless there is great attention to the details. For instance some observers have claimed that tight intellectual property (IP) protection prevents developing countries from accessing the benefits of emerging technologies and they should, therefore, develop other strategies. In this chapter, Dhanaraj Thakur explores one such strategy—an “open access” system of IP in developing countries. He uses open source software to illustrate the range of possible property arrangements.
Renal function in pediatric liver transplant patients.

Actuarial five-year patient survivals after pediatric orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) of 75 to 80% are now commonplace. However, renal dysfunction after pediatric OLT remains a serious complication and maybe broadly divided into four categories. The first is pre-existing renal disease in association with liver disease. This includes tyrosinemia with Fanconi syndrome, congenital cystic disease of the liver with associated polycystic disease of the kidney, Alagille's syndrome and primary hyperoxaluria. Second is hepatorenal syndrome. Resolution is dependent on successful OLT, although short-term dialysis may be required. Children with renal failure prior to transplantation have a significantly increased mortality. Third is peri- and early post-transplant renal impairment. The four major influences on early renal function after OLT are: (i) pretransplant renal function; (ii) early liver graft function; (iii) induction therapy with cyclosporine and tacrolimus; (iv) use of other nephrotoxic drugs. Fourth is long-term nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine and tacrolimus (FK-506). Both of these essential immunosuppressives carry the risk of long-term irreversible toxicity. In one study children, treated with cyclosporine, surviving > one year after OLT, 73% had a true GFR or = 24 months had a significantly lower GFR than those treated from 12 to 24 months. Half the children with a GFR or = 20% decrease in GFR over two to four years. FK-506 nephrotoxicity is comparable to that of cyclosporine. In a randomized control trial comparing FK-506 and cyclosporine, there was a 52% decrease in GFR over the first year in the FK-506 group, which was not significantly different to that of the cyclosporine group. In 60% of patients converted from cyclosporine to FK-506 one study showed a 50% or more drop in GFR. Both FK-506 and cyclosporine are associated with hypertension, hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia and metabolic acidosis. In conclusion, the prognosis for long-term renal function in pediatric OLT patients is as yet unknown. Debate continues as to whether the impairment is static or progressive. Long-term follow-up studies of GFR are essential.
Summary of Modern Nodal Integral Methods in Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer

Modern nodal integral methods are a product of original applications in neutron diffusion and neutron transport calculations. These methods have recently been applied to two-dimensional dynamic heat transfer and fluid flow problems, where they have been shown to be independent of Fourier and Courant conditions. Applications in these areas are discussed and future extensions of the methodology are noted.
Correction for Gabai et al., "Heat Shock Transcription Factor Hsf1 Is Involved in Tumor Progression via Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 and RNA-Binding Protein HuR".

Volume 32, no. 5, p. 929–940, 2012, [https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.05921-11][1]. Page 938, Fig. 6A: During preparation of the manuscript, the left actin panel was accidentally replicated in the right actin panel. This error does not affect any conclusions of the study. We apologize for the error
Fuel bed response to vegetation treatments in juniper-invaded sagebrush steppe

Expansion of juniper (Juniperus spp. L.) and pinyon (Pinus spp. L.) into sagebrush steppe habitats has been occurring for over a century across western United States. Vegetation and fuel treatments, with the goal of increasing landscape diversity and herbaceous productivity, and reducing woody fuels are commonly implemented to mitigate effects of woodland encroachment in sagebrush ecosystems. This study was conducted in conjunction with the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP) and was designed to determine the impact of vegetation treatments on fuel variables two years post treatment in sagebrush steppe with an expanding juniper or pinyon −juniper woodland component. Ten locations that characterize common sagebrush steppe sites with an expanding woodland component in the Intermountain West were chosen for analysis. These woodland sites, covering a gradient of juniper development phases, were treated with mechanical (cut and leave) and prescribed fire treatments. Two years post treatment, prescribed fire increased herbaceous biomass and reduced shrub biomass and down woody debris, but was not as effective in woodlands with higher juniper densities. Mechanical treatments increased herbaceous biomass and were effective in preserving the shrub biomass but increased down woody debris, which could lead to severe fire effects in the future. We conclude that both prescribed fire and mechanical treatments are important management tools for maintenance and restoration of sagebrush steppe in areas that support juniper woodland expansion, but the differences in effects on shrub biomass and woody debris must be considered. A combination of the two treatments could lead to desirable effects in many areas.
Propane dehydrogenation over supported Pt-Sn nanoparticles

Abstract The influences of support (SiO2 versus Al2O3), synthesis method (impregnation versus colloidal synthesis) and Sn loading on the performance of Sn-promoted Pt nanoparticles for propane dehydrogenation to propene at 773 K were explored. Catalysts were characterized extensively by X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction/oxidation, chemisorption, electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and DRIFTS of adsorbed CO. Catalyst stability and selectivity to propene were correlated with extent of Pt-Sn interactions within the nanoparticles, which was favored at high Sn loading, and when the particles were supported on a weakly interacting carrier such as silica. However, oxidative regeneration irreversibly deactivated bimetallic nanoparticles on silica relative to those on alumina. The extended performance of Sn-promoted Pt catalysts is an optimization of the Pt-Sn interactions with the ability to oxidatively redisperse the metals during regeneration.
Medical-Legal Aspects of Transvaginal Mesh Kit Complications: A Historical Perspective and the US Food and Drug Administration Review Process

The medical and legal issues surrounding transvaginal mesh and mesh kits in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) are more than a decade old and in a sense represent the gynecologic version of some of the earlier controversy that surrounded the use of mesh for treatment of abdominal hernia repairs. At present there is an enormous number of mesh-related medical malpractice and product liability lawsuits moving through state civil courts throughout the United States even though the majority of mesh kits have been voluntarily removed from US markets by the respective medical device manufacturers. Understanding how the medical profession, patients, the US Food and Drug Administration, and the medical device industry have contributed to the present patient safety debacle requires some understanding of medical device regulation and the behavior of the medical profession, industry, and plaintiff’s bar in response to mounting – and increasingly public – patient safety concerns. This chapter will attempt to provide the necessary background to understand the mesh controversy and give the reader a sense of the actions of the various stakeholders over time.
Implementing yoga therapy adapted for older veterans who are cancer survivors

Objectives This goal of this paper is to describe the reach, application, and effectiveness of an 8-week yoga therapy protocol with older cancer survivors within a Veterans Health Administration setting. Methods To document the reach of this intervention, recruitment efforts, attendance, and practice rates were tracked. To explore the application of the protocol to this population, physical therapy preassessment and observations by the yoga therapist were recorded to ascertain necessary pose modifications. Effectiveness was measured through pre- and post-course structured interviews, tracking self-reported symptoms of combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, and pain. Results Regarding reach, 15% of eligible veterans (n = 14) enrolled, participated in 3-16 classes (M±SD = 11.64±3.39), and practiced at home for 0-56 days (M±SD = 26.36±17.87). Participants were primarily Caucasian (n = 13), male (n = 13), ranged in age from 55 to 78 years (M±SD = 65.64±5.15), and had multiple medical problems. During application, substantial individualized modifications to the yoga therapy protocol were necessary. Effectiveness of the intervention was mixed. During post-course interviews, participants reported a variety of qualitative benefits. Notably, the majority of participants reported that breathing and relaxation techniques were the most useful to learn. Group comparisons of mean pre- and post-course scores on standardized measures showed no significant differences. Conclusions A minority of older veterans express an interest in yoga, but those who do have high rates of class attendance and home practice. Careful physical pre-assessment and attentive therapists are required to undertake the adaptations required by participants with multiple comorbidities. The effectiveness of yoga in this setting requires additional study.
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Owing to its variable pathologic features and clinical course, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is both a diagnostic and a therapeutic challenge. The French-American-British (FAB) classification system included CMML as one of the five categories of myelodysplastic syndrome (1), and its definition of CMML as a disease characterized by absolute monocytosis is still used today (Table 5.1). The FAB classification includes a wide spectrum of patients with cytopenias and ineffective hematopoiesis reminiscent of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and those with leukocytosis and organ involvement typical of myeloproliferative disorders, suggesting differences in pathology. Based on expert opinion, the FAB group proposed the use of a white blood cell (WBC) count of 13 × 10/L as an arbitrary cutoff point to separate CMML into “dysplastic” and “proliferative” varieties (2). The International Working Group followed the FAB recommendation (3) and excluded CMML patients with WBC >12 × 10/L from the risk-oriented International Prognostic Scoring System for MDS (IPSS) (3), limiting its usefulness for assessing the expected outcomes of CMML patients (4, 5). The World Health Organization (WHO) included CMML in a category of mixed myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorders (MDS/MPD) (6). The prognostic significance of bone marrow and circulating blasts and eosinophilia led to the creation of further subcategories (Table 5.1). The major contribution of the FAB classification was the creation of a defined category of CMML. The unintended consequence of including CMML in the MDS group was that in reporting the results of clinical trials, data from patients with CMML were often combined with those from patients with high-risk MDS, which made it difficult to assess the impact specifically on CMML. The WHO classification, which further highlights distinct features of CMML, should encourage research and stimulate the initiation of clinical trials focusing specifically on CMML.
A PC-SAFT model for hydrocarbons IV: Water-hydrocarbon phase behavior including petroleum pseudo-components

Abstract This paper is the fourth installment of a series which develops a new generalized treatment of hydrocarbon molecules based on the PC-SAFT equation of state. In this paper, a generalized approach to water/hydrocarbon phase behavior is developed. The model accurately predicts mutual solubilities (partitioning in LLE) of saturates, aromatics and alkenes with water. The generality is a result of incorporating hydrogen bonding interactions between unsaturated bonds and water in a general/scalable way. Further, we extend our PC-SAFT hydrocarbon characterization model EMPETRO to allow for aromatics to receive hydrogen bonds from hydrogen bond donors (water, ethanol, etc.). We demonstrate the model can accurately predict mutual solubilities for hydrocarbons with water when the hydrocarbon is parameterized solely from petroleum variables boiling point, specific gravity and molecular weight.
The geography of prostitution arrests in Virginia, USA, 2002–2013

Prostitution is a complex activity that involves diverse interactions, negotiations, and actors. The aim of this article is to use thematic maps and spatial statistics to illustrate the geographic distribution of police response to prostitution, namely arrests in Virginia, 2002–2013. A number of factors impact police responses to any crime, and variations in government policies influence the changing geography of anti-prostitution police initiatives. Prostitution, in particular, typically concentrates in areas with significant transient populations and male employment. Virginia has regions with gender/population imbalances due to the presence of military bases, government agencies, and industries that traditionally hire more men than women or draw individuals away from their families due to occupational demands. This paper describes prostitution arrests’ geography by examining data from police reports and the government’s press releases.
Sport sociology, in question

In this article, which is an expanded and updated adaptation of the 2018 North American Society for the Sociology of Sport Presidential Address, I look at the challenges and opportunities presented to the field by the Sokal 2.0 hoax. Specifically, I look at issues of epistemology and politics as expressed in, and produced through, the field(s) of sport sociology, physical cultural studies, and critical studies in/of sport. I conclude with a discussion regarding how sport sociologists and scholars in related fields might look to form new associations as they continue to produce politically-meaningful scholarship and seek social justice and social equality there through
Chapter 3 – Synthetic Methods

There is an emerging interest in the development of synthetic methodologies for the organofluorine compounds because of their enormous significance in the area of medicinal chemistry. Selective fluorinating reagents such as Selectfluor, diethylaminosulfur trifluoride, Deoxo-Fluor, and Fluolead are widely used for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. This chapter outlines various synthetic methodologies that are used for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, and is focused on the general reactions that have broad significance. Fluorination reactions, involving hydrofluorination of alkenes and alkynes; deoxyfluorinations of alcohols and carbonyl compounds; nucleophilic-, electrophilic-, and radical-mediated trifluoromethylations; and transition-metal-catalyzed fluorinations are discussed as relevant to their applications in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds.
Establishing a pediatric occupational therapy clinic in the public-sector in Trinidad: The quest for clinical and professional expansion.

Background Pediatric occupational therapy (OT) in Trinidad is limited to costly private sector provision, which restricts access to only those families that can afford it. Public-sector healthcare, however, is offered free of charge to citizens. Establishing public-sector OT can increase the well-being and quality of life of children with disabilities and their families, as well as broaden the professional paths available to occupational therapists. Objective In the absence of local studies, primary research was undertaken to demonstrate the demand for services. The results of this study will be presented to government officials to argue for the inclusion of pediatric OT into one public-sector hospital in Trinidad. Methods Eighty-eight parents/caregivers of a child with special needs were surveyed at one public sector-waiting room or two private-sector therapy clinics. Surveys questioned parents' desire for occupational therapy services for their child, their willingness to use public-sector-provided therapy and their belief that such therapy would benefit families in Trinidad, among other items. Results Of the 88 participants surveyed, 98.8% believed that occupational therapy offered at one public-sector clinic in Trinidad would benefit families. The main deterrents to accessing the proposed public-sector therapy included satisfaction with the current therapist (40%) and concerns with convenience (33%) and efficiency (27%). Parents whose children were not currently receiving therapy cited cost (67%) and location (38%) as the main barriers. Conclusions Primary research findings demonstrate that the vast majority of parents/caregivers believe that public-sector pediatric occupational therapy would benefit families. Service free of charge will increase access for many families who cannot currently afford treatment. Implications of a pediatric public-sector clinic also include the expansion of occupational therapy as a profession in Trinidad.
99. DECREASING DISCHARGE MEDICATION RECONCILIATION ERRORS: AN INTERPROFESSIONAL COLLABORATIVE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

Background Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the U.S. with an estimated 250,000 incidents occurring annually. Medication related errors are one of the most common medical errors which can result from unintended discrepancies that occur during times of transition of care. Baseline data obtained by nursing staff for the Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital general inpatient pediatrics team showed a discharge medication reconciliation error rate of 12%. Studies have shown that the most successful interventions to improve medication reconciliation process relies heavily on pharmacists. Our interprofessional multidisciplinary general pediatrics team identified the need for an improved discharge medication reconciliation process. Aim Statement Our aim is to reduce the medication errors identified by nursing staff at the time of discharge by 50% by December 2019. Interventions Three interventions were implemented on March, April and September 2019, including early identification of anticipated discharges within the upcoming 24 hours, standardizing discharge medication reconciliation review by the team pharmacist, and including a process checklist in the physician sign out tool for sustainability Measures Following quality improvement (QI) methodology, a process map was developed to identify waste, defects, and variation. One week out of the month, errors were recorded at the time of discharge by the nursing staff. These errors were documented and corrected by the team prior to discharge. Once pharmacy performed a review of the medication reconciliation with the residents, a note was placed in the electronic medical record, which was tracked by the team to ensure compliance with the process developed Results Following the interventions, the discharge medication reconciliation error rate was reduced to a mean of 2.4%. The new discharge medication reconciliation process has been incorporated in our Children's Hospital, into the daily discharge planning process, as a best practice. Conclusions and Next Steps We demonstrated that a process consisting of joint efforts of prescribers and pharmacists can reduce the number of medication errors at the time of discharge. It also demonstrates how interprofessional collaboration between physicians, nurses and pharmacists may influence the healthcare delivery process. Future measurements to assess the impact of this project include, clinician satisfaction, adverse drug events and hospital length of stay.
Approach to Cytomegalovirus Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Pediatric Acute Leukemia Patient

Introduction: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by a reactive process resulting from prolonged and excessive activation of immune cells that can be genetic or secondary to underlying conditions such as autoimmunity and malignancy. Here, we present a pediatric acute leukemia patient who presented with febrile neutropenia and was found to have Cytomegalovirus (CMV) induced HLH. Case report: A three-year-old girl with high risk precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in maintenance therapy was admitted for evalaution of febrile neutropenia. …
On the probability of finding nonphysical solutions through shadowing

Abstract This paper proves that shadowing solutions can be almost surely nonphysical. This finding invalidates the argument that small perturbations in a chaotic system can only have a small impact on its statistical behavior. This theoretical finding has implications for many applications in which chaotic dynamics plays an important role. It suggests, for example, that we can control the climate through subtle perturbations. It also suggests that numerical simulations of chaotic dynamics, such as turbulent flows and global atmosphere and ocean circulation, may fail to predict the true long-term or statistical behavior.
Experimental Validation of a Novel Extracellular-Based Source Representation of Acute Myocardial Ischemia

Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) based detection of myocardial ischemia requires an accurate formulation of the source model, which includes a relationship between extracellular and transmembrane potentials (TMPs). In this study, we used high-resolution intramural experimental recordings and forward modeling to examine the relationship between extracellular potentials and TMPs during myocardial ischemia. We measured extracellular electrograms from intramural plunge needle arrays during seven controlled ischemia episodes in an animal model. We used three TMP source representations: (1) parameterized and distance-based (defined previously), (2) extracellular-based linear transform, and (3) extracellular-based sigmoidal transform. TMPs for each source formulation were then used to compute extracellular potentials by calculating the passive bidomain forward solution throughout the myocardium. We compared measured and computed potentials. Linear and sigmoidal approaches produced improved results compared to the parameterized method. The RMSE, SC, and TC of linear, sigmoidal, and parameterized methods were 0.85 mV, 1.21 mV, and 3.37 mV; 0.91, 0.88, and 0.47; 0.90, 0.77, and 0.33 respectively. We found extracellular-based calculations of TMPs produced superior forward computations compared to parameterized zones.
Properties of Pure Materials and Gibbs Free Energy Formulation

The material presented in this lecture is adapted from Chapter 5 in T&M. In this lecture, we will consider pure materials (n = 1). First, we will discuss the Gibbs free energy fundamental equation, G. Second, we will again derive the Gibbs-Duhem equation in a complementary way. Third, we will relate the Gibbs free energy to other thermodynamic functions. Fourth, we will calculate the first-order and second-order partial derivatives of G with respect to its independent variables T, P, and N. In particular, we will show that the three independent second-order partial derivatives of G are related to three widely used fluid properties – the heat capacity at constant pressure, the isothermal compressibility, and the coefficient of thermal expansion. Finally, we will determine which data set has the same thermodynamic information content as the fundamental equation, G.
Rethinking Idioms of Distress and Resilience in Anthropology and Global Mental Health

How we interpret concepts from suffering to survival and their cross-cultural reproducibility has been historically debated in the fields of anthropology, transcultural psychiatry, and global mental health. Anthropologists have put together an impressive body of work that reveals how and why suffering is experienced, expressed, and embodied differently across contexts and emphasized that it is not a universal construct. Some have gone so far as to challenge the notion that an international measurement of suffering is realistic, despite the fact that many use psychometric scales that have been “validated” among the communities with which we work. While these tools and the larger research agenda of global mental health are necessary to assess and produce culturally relevant understandings of psychological disease, health, and well-being globally, we must critically reconsider the inherent cultural biases that alter our measurement of key concepts like suffering, resilience, and experience in hopes of designing more effective assessments and generating a more accurate and holistic knowledge of global mental health. In this chapter, we revisit central arguments made on idioms of distress and idioms of resilience across various cultural settings and propose an extension of the idioms of distress framework as an effective approach to examine the culturally significant ways of exhibiting resilience. We then discuss the advantages of using this framework from anthropology for thinking about global mental health and the drawbacks of moving within and between such thinking in anthropology and biomedicine when considering how to deliver high-quality, locally relevant mental health care in diverse contexts.
Regional ileitis; a pathologic and clinical entity.

We propose to describe, in its pathologic and clinical details, a disease of the terminal ileum, affecting mainly young adults, characterized by a subacute or chronic necrotizing and cicatrizing inflammation. The ulceration of the mucosa is accompanied by a disproportionate connective tissue reaction of the remaining walls of the involved intestine, a process which frequently leads to stenosis of the lumen of the intestine, associated with the formation of multiple fistulas. The disease is clinically featured by symptoms that resemble those of ulcerative colitis, namely, fever, diarrhea and emaciation, leading eventually to an obstruction of the small intestine; the constant occurrence of a mass in the right iliac fossa usually requires surgical intervention (resection). The terminal ileum is alone involved. The process begins abruptly at and involves the ileocecal valve in its maximal intensity, tapering off gradually as it ascends the ileum orally for from 8 to 12 inches (20
An Experimental Investigation of Online Banking Adoption in China

Online banking, an Internet based service enabling people to do financial transactions, has been an obstacle for the development of e-commerce in China. This paper investigates the online banking acceptance in China. We conducted an experiment to investigate how users’ perception about online banking is affected by the perceived ease of use of website and the privacy policy provided by the online banking website. We find that both perceived ease of use and privacy policy have a significant impact on user’s adoption of online banking. In this study, we also investigate the relative importance of perceived ease of use, privacy, and security. Perceived ease of use is of less importance than privacy and security. Security is the most important factor influencing user’s adoption. A discussion of the implications of these results and limitations are provided at the end.
On mathias generic sets

We present some results about generics for computable Mathias forcing. The n-generics and weak n-generics in this setting form a strict hierarchy as in the case of Cohen forcing. We analyze the complexity of the Mathias forcing relation, and show that if G is any n-generic with n≥3 then it satisfies the jump property G(n−1)=G′⊕∅(n). We prove that every such G has generalized high degree, and so cannot have even Cohen 1-generic degree. On the other hand, we show that G, together with any bi-immune A≤T∅(n−1), computes a Cohen n-generic.
THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY RADIOASSAY; A REVIEW

Considerable technological progress has been made in the radioassay of analytical and preparative thin-layer chroma­tography (TLC) plates since Mangold’s original review of this subject (a chapter in Stahl’s book, Dunnschicht-Chromatog­raphic, 62–79, 1962). Although the general approach to radioassay of thin-layer chromatograms is similar to that used in paper chromatography, the two techniques require different radiometric procedures because the physical and chemical nature of the materials used in adsorption TLC are completely different from those encountered in partition separations by paper.
Some Recent Developments in the Determination of Parton Distributions

Recent data relevant for determining parton distributions are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the question of how to improve our knowledge of the gluon distribution. The role of photon-jet and photon-hadron correlation data is discussed in conjunction with a new technique for performing next-to-leading order two-particle inclusive calculations.
Pattern-avoiding permutations and Brownian excursion part I: Shapes and fluctuations

Permutations that avoid given patterns are among the most classical objects in combinatorics and have strong connections to many fields of mathematics, computer science and biology. In this paper we study the scaling limits of a random permutation avoiding a pattern of length 3 and their relations to Brownian excursion. Exploring this connection to Brownian excursion allows us to strengthen the recent results of Madras and Pehlivan [25] and Miner and Pak [29] as well as to understand many of the interesting phenomena that had previously gone unexplained. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 50, 394-419, 2017