cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATING INTERSECTION APPROACH DELAY USING 1985 AND 1994 "HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL" PROCEDURES

The current methods for determining average stopped delay at signalized intersections were studied. Field measurements of average stopped delay were obtained and compared with values computed using both the 1985 and 1994 editions of the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The 1994 HCM uses an equation to predict the progression adjustment factor (PF), a new technique for determining the left-turn adjustment factor for saturation flow rates, and a new set of equations for determining the uniform delay parameter for left-turn lane groups with primary and secondary phasing. Overall, the 1994 HCM produces better estimates of intersection stopped delay than the 1985 HCM.
Modeling of transmission lines with EM wave coupling by the finite difference quadrature method

This paper proposes an efficient numerical approximation technique, called the Finite Difference Quadrature (FDQ) Method, which has been adapted to model transmission lines (TL's) with external EM wave coupling. The finite difference quadrature method can quickly compute finite differences between adjacent grid points by estimating a weighted linear sum of derivatives at a set of points belonging to the domain. Unlike the Gaussian Quadrature method to compute the numerical integral, FDQ method uses global quadrature method to construct the approximation framework, however, to compute the finite difference. A discrete modeling approach, FDQ needs much sparser grid points than the Finite Difference (FD) methods to achieve comparable accuracy. The FDQ modeling technique is successfully employed to efficiently simulate transmission lines with EM interference.
Clinical and positron emission tomography findings of chorea associated with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.

A fourteen-year-old right-handed male with a history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presented with alternating hemichorea. Laboratory findings included elevated anticardiolipin IgG and anti-β2-glycoprotein I IgG, which were consistent with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging revealed altered striatal metabolism in his left putamen while he was exhibiting right-sided hemichorea. His symptoms resolved on prednisone; however, his antiphospholipid antibody profile remained markedly abnormal despite being symptom-free for 26 months. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Enhancing locality for recursive traversals of recursive structures

While there has been decades of work on developing automatic, locality-enhancing transformations for regular programs that operate over dense matrices and arrays, there has been little investigation of such transformations for irregular programs, which operate over pointer-based data structures such as graphs, trees and lists. In this paper, we argue that, for a class of irregular applications we call traversal codes, there exists substantial data reuse and hence opportunity for locality exploitation. We develop a novel optimization called point blocking, inspired by the classic tiling loop transformation, and show that it can substantially enhance temporal locality in traversal codes. We then present a transformation and optimization framework called TreeTiler that automatically detects opportunities for applying point blocking and applies the transformation. TreeTiler uses autotuning techniques to determine appropriate parameters for the transformation. For a series of traversal algorithms drawn from real-world applications, we show that TreeTiler is able to deliver performance improvements of up to 245% over an optimized (but non-transformed) parallel baseline, and in several cases, significantly better scalability.
Choline supplementation following third-trimester-equivalent alcohol exposure attenuates behavioral alterations in rats.

Despite the known adverse consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure, some pregnant women continue to drink alcohol, making it imperative to identify treatments for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. The authors recently reported that perinatal choline supplementation can reduce some fetal alcohol effects (J. D. Thomas, M. Garrison, & T. M. O’Neill, 2004), and the present study examined whether choline supplementation is effective when administered after third-trimester-equivalent ethanol treatment. Rat pups were exposed to 6.0 g/kg/day ethanol during the neonatal brain growth spurt (Postnatal Days [PD] 4–9) and treated with choline chloride (0, 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg) from PD 10–30. Behavioral testing occurred after choline treatment had ceased. Female subjects exposed to ethanol were overactive and exhibited spatial learning deficits, effects that were attenuated with all doses of choline supplementation. These data indicate that choline supplementation can alter brain development following a developmental insult. Moreover, the data suggest that early dietary interventions may reduce the severity of some fetal alcohol effects, even when administered after birth.
Cyclic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Nickel Ferrite Thin Films Using Organometallic Precursor Combination

This work introduces the fabrication of nano scale magnetostrictive NiFe2O4 (NFO) thin films using reduced pressure metallorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) with programmable cyclic pulsing of novel precursor combination — n-butylferrocene and nickelocene. Using a custom-designed CVD system, different rate-limiting steps and Ea in the CVD of iron oxide and nickel oxide depositions are discussed. Both cyclic-deposition and co-deposition modes were investigated through NFO depositions on silicon substrates at 17 Torr and 500 ◦ C. Growth rates of NFO films obtained by co-deposition and cyclic-deposition were 3 and 1.6 nm/min, respectively. Material characterizations were conducted on NFO films fabricated at optimized process conditions and annealed samples. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopic results showed better stoichiometric control for cyclic-deposited films. As-deposited NFO films showed homogeneous stoichiometric chemical composition without carbon contamination in the bulk film; a saturation magnetization of 25 emu/g was observed from its trevorite crystalline phase upon annealing at 700 ◦ C in argon ambience
Stability of flow over a rotating disk

The perturbation equations which characterize the stability of flow over a rotating infinite disk are derived via strict order of magnitude analysis. These equations contain viscous terms not considered by Stuart,1 curvature and Coriolis terms not considered by Brown,2 and axial velocity terms not considered by Kobayashi et al.3 The strategy for reducing the problem to an algebraic system is Galerkin's method with B-spline discretization. In comparison with the Poiseuille flow solutions of Orszag,4 the method is shown to perform well without placing undue demands on computing capability. Critical values of Reynolds number, wave length, vortex orientation and number of spiral vortices calculated by the present method compare favourably with experimental data of Kobayashi et al.
Molecular Dynamics Studies of Bacteriorhodopsin's Photocycles

The availability of the structure of bacteriorhodopsin from electron microscopy studies has opened up the possibility of exploring the proton pump mechanism of this protein by means of molecular dynamics simulations. In this review we summarize earlier theoretical investigations of the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin including relevant quantum chemistry studies of retinal, structure refinement, molecular dynamics simulations, and evaluation of pKa values. We then review a series of recent modeling efforts which refined the structure of bacteriorhodopsin adding internal water, and which studied the nature of the J intermediate and the likely geometry of the K590 and L550 intermediates (strongly distorted 13-cis) as well as the sequence of retinal geometry and protein conformational transitions which are conventionally summarized as the M412 intermediate. We also review simulations of the photocycle of light-adapted bacteriorhodopsin at T=77 K and of the photocycle of dark-adapted bacteriorhodopsin, both cycles differing from the conventional photocycle through a nonfunctional (pure 13-cis) retinal geometry of the corresponding K590 and L550 states. The simulations demonstrate a potentially critical role of water and of minute reorientations of retinal's Schiff base nitrogen in controlling proton pumping in bR568; the simulations also indicate the existence of heterogeneous photocycles. The results exemplify the important role of molecular dynamics simulations in extending investigations on bacteriorhodopsin to a level of detail which is presently beyond experimental resolution, but which needs to be known to resolve the pump mechanism of bacteriorhodopsin. Finally, we outline the major existing challenges in the field of bacteriorhodopsin modeling.
Optimal manufacturing flow controllers: zero-inventory policies and control switching sets

A continuous-flow control model of a single workstation with multiple failure modes and part types is considered. Although the general model is intractable, properties of the optimal control policy are identified that can be used to help formulate heuristic policies. Control switching sets are described and shown to have a threshold form. For a single machine with two part-types, conditions are found under which no inventory is held, analogous to the single-part-type result of Bielecki and Kumar (1988).
Nociceptin Has Vasodilator Activity in the Pulmonary Vascular Bed of the Rat

Background: Recent studies have shown that the newly discovered endogenous opioid-like peptide, nociceptin, has vasodilator activity in the peripheral vascular bed. However, little if anything is known about the effects of the peptide in the pulmonary vascular bed. There fore, responses to nociceptin in the pulmonary vascular bed were investigated and com pared with responses in the hindlimb and systemic vascular beds of the rat.Methods and Results: Responses to nociceptin were investigated in the pulmonary and hindquarters vascular beds in the rat under constant flow conditions and were compared with decreases in systemic vascular resistance. Under conditions of constant flow, injections of nociceptin in doses of 3-30 nM induced dose-related decreases in pulmonary arterial per fusion pressure when baseline tone was increased to a high steady level with U46619. Pul monary vasodilator responses to nociceptin were not modified by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, and the newly discovered ligand was 1...
Automated crash notification: Evaluation of in-vehicle principal direction of force estimations

Abstract Advanced Automated Crash Notification (AACN) algorithms use telemetric data from vehicles to notify emergency services of a collision involving the vehicle. The aim is to quickly dispatch the appropriate medical response to the crash scene. An important part of AACN systems is predicting occupant injury, which is highly dependent on the side of the vehicle that is struck in a crash. A given frontal collision has a 9% probability of serious injury. A collision with the same speed and conditions to the left side of the vehicle results in a predicted 38% probability of serious injury. One method for estimating the damage side is to use in-vehicle sensors available on current vehicles by using the Principal Direction of Force (PDOF) derived from accelerometer-based measurements. PDOF is only the direction of the crash impulse, it does not specify the damage side. For example a PDOF of 45° could as easily be a front impact as a side impact. Using PDOF as a surrogate for damage side may be appropriate in many collisions but not in others. This study examined the accuracy of PDOF estimates made from in-vehicle sensors recorded by the Event Data Recorder (EDR) and the implications of using these PDOF estimates as a surrogate for estimating damage side in real-world collisions. We found that PDOF estimates made from in-vehicle sensors were accurate compared to crash test instrumentation examined in 54 side impact tests. PDOF estimates based on the EDR sensors and crash test instrumentation were within 10° of each other and had a root mean squared difference of 4.4°. In 10% of the 146 real-world collisions examined, using PDOF computed by the EDR as a surrogate for damage side would incorrectly identify the damage side. Furthermore, the PDOF estimated by crash investigators and the EDR differed by up to 45° in crashes. These discrepancies have major implications for the accuracy of AACN systems because injury risk estimates are derived from investigator PDOF estimates. A possible solution is to use EDR data to develop future AACN injury risk predictions instead of investigator PDOF estimates.
Hormonal Effects of Ketoconazole in Vivo in the Male Rat: Mechanism of Action*

Ketoconazole, an antifungal agent, has been shown to lower serum testosterone (T) in man. Measurements of circulating precursors of T suggest that ketoconazole may inhibit 17,20-desmolase activity in the testis. To further elucidate its mechanism of action in vivo, we studied its effects on the pituitary-gonadal axis in the male rate. Two groups of normal male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either oil or 25 mg ketoconazole in oil by im injection every 8 h for 21 days. Serum ketoconazole concentrations in the rat 2 h after the 25-mg dose were similar to those after oral administration of a much lower (1/33rd) dose to man. Ketoconazole treatment led to 50% suppression of serum T and prostate and seminal vesicle weights. Testis weights were not significantly affected. Intratesticular T concentrations showed a 50% decrease below the control level. Testicular 17 alpha-hydroxylase, 17,20-desmolase, and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in the ketoconazole-treated animals were significantly decreased in proportion to the decreases in serum and intratesticular T concentrations. Elevations of serum LH and FSH concentrations in the ketoconazole-treated rats were not proportionate to the decline in serum T concentration. Therefore, to exclude an additional inhibitory effect of ketoconazole at the pituitary level, we treated two groups of castrated male Sprague-Dawley rats with the same dose of ketoconazole or oil for 3 days. Serum LH and FSH concentrations were not significantly different in the two groups. In separate experiments, combined treatment of intact rats with GnRH agonist and ketoconazole for 21 days led to lower mean serum T concentrations and accessory organ weights than those achieved with either agent alone. We conclude that ketoconazole inhibits T synthesis, primarily by inhibiting the activity of multiple enzymes in the T biosynthetic pathway and has no direct effect at the pituitary level; ketoconazole metabolism in the rat is considerably different from that in man; and ketoconazole enhances the inhibitory effects of GnRH agonist.
100 mm wafer-scale InP-based (λ=1.6 μm) epitaxial transfer for hybrid silicon evanescent lasers

We report the large epitaxial transfer of 100 mm InP/InGaAs/InP wafers to Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates through a low-temperature (300degC) O2 plasma- assisted wafer bonding process. Efficient vertical outgassing channels (VOCs) are developed to eliminate the fundamental obstacle of interfacial voids in bonding due to intrinsic chemical reactions. Generated gas species of H2O and H2 can quickly diffuse to VOCs, etched through-holes to buried oxide layer (BOX), and absorbed by the BOX layer owing to the open network structure and large gas permeability. The interfacial void density is reduced from 55,000 cm-2 down to 3 cm-2, more than five orders of magnitude reduction for appropriate design of VOCs. Uniform patterning of VOCs leads to a no outgassing "dead zone" across the entire bonding area, and decrease of the thermal mismatch-induced interfacial strain potentially as well, which both result in the wafer scale-independent bonding. The bonding strain is observed through X-ray rocking curve measurement conducted on both of a 2 times 2 cm2 bonded pair and 100 mm wafer-scale bonding sample. A variety of devices have been fabricated using this technique. As one example, hybrid silicon evanescent distributed feedback (DFB) lasers integrated with monitor photodiodes have been fabricated using this bonding technique. These highly single mode lasers may find applications in computer interconnects.
Are Periodic Leg Movements Associated With Clinical Sleep Disturbance

We examined 67 patients with periodic leg movement (PLM) disorder who were seen in a university-based sleep center. The most common reasons for coming to the sleep center were insomnia, sleepiness and a request for an evaluation for possible sleep apnea. There was a significant positive correlation between PLM arousal index and age but no association with gender. Approximately one-quarter of patients were under age 30. The multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) revealed borderline normal wakefulness in the group as a whole (sleep latency of 10.2 +/- 0.9 minutes), and there was no significant correlation between the PLM arousal index and either the MSLT mean sleep latency or a measure of subjective sleepiness. Similarly, the PLM arousal index did not differentiate those who entered with chief complaints of insomnia or sleepiness. There was no significant difference in the PLM arousal index in those who reported that they did or did not awaken refreshed in the morning. In summary, in this clinical population we found no significant association between the PLM arousal index and the subjective complaint of disturbed sleep, an objective measure of daytime sleepiness or a sense of awakening refreshed in the morning. Other interesting observations included the relatively high frequency of a PLM index > 5 in patients under 30 years old and a relatively high rate of past treatment for depression.
Elevational correlates of speciation and intraspecific geographic variation in plumage in Andean forest birds

-Intraspecific variation in plumage was used to test the null hypotheses that geographic variation in 280 species of elevationally restricted Andean forest birds is independent of elevation and is not a function of patchy geographic distribution. Both null hypotheses were rejected. At most taxonomic levels, geographic variation in plumage was correlated positively with both the mean of its elevational distribution and the size of its geographic range. Vertical amplitude of elevational distribution was not a significant predictor of geographic variation in plumage in most taxa. Independent of these elevational correlates, patchily distributed species showed significantly more geographic variation than continuously distributed species. These results show that geographic variation and presumably ongoing speciation phenomena are greater at higher elevations. The decreased species richness at high elevations may be attributable to a higher rate of extinction from catastrophic disturbance as well as to ecological factors that limit sympatry in newly formed species. Received 6 August 1984, accepted 26 December 1984. IN this paper I examine the relationship between elevational distribution and possible speciation phenomena in Andean forest birds. Two initial observations are pertinent. First, on an elevational gradient in Peru, Terborgh (1977) found a negative correlation between elevation and bird species richness, canopy structure, and number of plant strata. Second, geographic barriers to dispersal and gene flow increase with elevation. Catastrophic vicariant events (e.g. glaciation, landslides, vulcanism, forest fragmentation by climatic events) are more prevalent in the physiographically complex Andean highlands than in the adjacent foothills and
Magnetic Method to Characterize the Current Densities in Breaker Arc

The purpose of this research was to use magnetic induction measurements from a low voltage breaker arc, to reconstruct the arc’s current density. The measurements were made using Hall effect sensor...
The Editor Dilemma in Modern Language Instruction: Is Tutoring Out of Control?

Although academic dishonesty has received considerable attention in recent years, there is little research on how non-serious cheating issues in a discipline such as biology or chemistry can become highly serious offenses in the context of instruction in the modern languages (MLs). One of these grey areas is (unauthorized) editing by a tutor and/or a native speaker: Given that a substantial part (if not all) of the grade in a ML assignment is language usage (be it grammar, vocabulary, spelling, or organization), any assistance received that improves linguistic form (and as a consequence the student’s grade) should be considered as an act of punishable academic dishonesty. Still, and even if it seems obvious, it is not uncommon for language instructors to come across assignments that contain advanced linguistic forms or colloquialisms that do not belong to the linguistic repertoire of the student who wrote it (Correa, 2011). In this paper I address the following questions: Is the use of a tutor/native speaker accidental plagiarism (Beasley, 2004), pseudepigraphy (Walker & Townley, 2012), or contract cheating (Clarke & Lancaster, 2006)? Who is at fault? How can it be prevented or minimized? Should students be allowed to have tutors at all? Is there a double standard when it comes to graduate students and faculty?
Implicit and explicit assessment of materialism: Associations with happiness and depression

Abstract Research to date have begun to provide evidence that indicate that doing things, or having experiences, is more strongly related with psychological well-being than having material goods. However, most studies have used self-report measures to assess materialism, while implicit measures seem to provide an objective and less biased approach. In the present study we aimed the implicit assessment of the materialism, and the study of the links between psychological well-being and materialism. To reach these aims, a sample of 327 Spanish consumers, aged from 18 to 65 years old filled in some self-report measures, i.e. Pemberton Happiness Index, Major Depression Inventory and the reduced version of Material Values Scale. Furthermore, the same participants completed an Implicit Association Test developed in order to assess implicit materialism. A reliable and valid implicit measure of materialism has been developed. Both explicitly and implicitly measures of materialism were modestly associated, whereas only explicit measures of materialism were associated with self-reported happiness and depression. Specifically, increased happiness and less depressive symptoms were observed in those participants with lower explicit materialism. Our conclusions agree with other previous studies, concluding greater psychological well-being as a consequence of the consumption of experiences, compared to consumption of materialistic goods.
The CS algorithm: A novel method for high frequency oscillation detection in EEG

Abstract Background High frequency oscillations (HFOs) are emerging as potentially clinically important biomarkers for localizing seizure generating regions in epileptic brain. These events, however, are too frequent, and occur on too small a time scale to be identified quickly or reliably by human reviewers. Many of the deficiencies of the HFO detection algorithms published to date are addressed by the CS algorithm presented here. New Method The algorithm employs novel methods for: 1) normalization; 2) storage of parameters to model human expertise; 3) differentiating highly localized oscillations from filtering phenomena; and 4) defining temporal extents of detected events. Results Receiver-operator characteristic curves demonstrate very low false positive rates with concomitantly high true positive rates over a large range of detector thresholds. The temporal resolution is shown to be +/−∼5 ms for event boundaries. Computational efficiency is sufficient for use in a clinical setting. Comparison with existing methods The algorithm performance is directly compared to two established algorithms by Staba (2002) and Gardner (2007). Comparison with all published algorithms is beyond the scope of this work, but the features of all are discussed. All code and example data sets are freely available. Conclusions The algorithm is shown to have high sensitivity and specificity for HFOs, be robust to common forms of artifact in EEG, and have performance adequate for use in a clinical setting.
State-of-the-art and future directions for extinction as a translational model for fear and anxiety

Through advances in both basic and clinical scientific research, Pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction have become an exemplary translational model for understanding and treating anxiety disorders. Discoveries in associative and neurobiological mechanisms underlying extinction have informed techniques for optimizing exposure therapy that enhance the formation of inhibitory associations and their consolidation and retrieval over time and context. Strategies that enhance formation include maximizing prediction-error correction by violating expectancies, deepened extinction, occasional reinforced extinction, attentional control and removal of safety signals/behaviours. Strategies that enhance consolidation include pharmacological agonists of NMDA (i.e. d-cycloserine) and mental rehearsal. Strategies that enhance retrieval include multiple contexts, retrieval cues, and pharmacological blockade of contextual encoding. Stimulus variability and positive affect are posited to influence the formation and the retrieval of inhibitory associations. Inhibitory regulation through affect labelling is considered a complement to extinction. The translational value of extinction will be increased by more investigation of elements central to extinction itself, such as extinction generalization, and interactions with other learning processes, such as instrumental avoidance reward learning, and with other clinically relevant cognitive-emotional processes, such as self-efficacy, threat appraisal and emotion regulation, will add translational value. Moreover, framing fear extinction and related processes within a developmental context will increase their clinical relevance.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Of mice and mental health: facilitating dialogue between basic and clinical neuroscientists'.
Influence Methods of Project Managers: Perceptions of Team Members and Project Managers:

Much and significant research was done for more than 100 years in the area of leadership. However, with the exception of the studies by Hodgetts (1968) and Thamhain and Gemmill (1974), not much has...
Arguing about plans: plan representation and reasoning for mixed-initiative planning

We consider the problem of representing plans for mixed-initiative planning, where several participants cooperate to develop plans. We claim that in such an environment, a crucial task is plan communication: the ability to suggest aspects of a plan, accept such suggestions from other agents, criticize plans, revise them, etc., in addition to building plans. The complexity of this interaction imposes significant new requirements on the representation of plans. We describe a formal model of plans based on defeasible argument systems that allows us to perform these types of reasoning. The arguments that are produced are explicit objects that can be used to provide a semantics for statements about plans.
Developmental Malformations as Manifestations of Reproductive Failure

Developmental malformations represent one of the most obvious manifestations of reproductive failure. This conference, dealing with a multitude of factors concerned with the comparative aspects of reproductive failure, properly focuses some attention to the overall problem of mal-development. Not only are developmental anomalies of interest to the experimental embryologist in his attempt to unravel the mysteries of normal development, but they are of some considerable concern to commercial animal breeders. Furthermore, the tremendous psychic and financial impact of this problem on human society is quite obvious.
The Fat Lady … Models

Despite the growing awareness of obesity’s health hazards and the widespread concern about its escalation, there has been a subtle but unmistakable countertrend: a societal embrace of the large man, woman, and child. In the words of Marion Nestle, author of Food Politics, “[W]hat used to be considered pudgy before isn't even worthy of a comment today.”1 Perhaps it is the inevitable consequence of our disappointing track record, as individuals and as a society, in treating weight gain and reversing its upward trend. Nevertheless, many health experts fear that as fat becomes mainstream, it will drive more and more people to become complacent and seriously undermine treatment and prevention efforts.2
Post-treatment sequelae and management of primary laryngeal NK/T-cell lymphoma: A case report.

Abstract Outcome objectives 1. Describe the presentation and treatment options of laryngeal NK/T-Cell lymphoma 2. Discuss post-chemoradiotherapy sequelae and airway management Methods Case Report, April 2016. Results A 27-year-old female presented with a three-week history of flu-like symptoms including sore throat, myalgia and insidious nasal congestion. Her hospital course was complicated by pancytopenia, extensive GI bleed of unknown origin and fever. Radiographic studies revealed multifocal centrilobular ground-glass lung nodules, splenomegaly, frontal and paranasal sinus opacification and mucosal thickening and inflammatory process of false and true vocal cords with concentric multi-level narrowing. Extensive rheumatologic, hematologic and infectious workup failed to demonstrate an etiology. Flexible laryngoscopic and bronchoscopic examinations with biopsies exhibited a diffuse supraglottic and glottic exophytic, “heaped-up” infiltration; limited vocal cord motion; and airway narrowing to 3 mm. Pathology yielded NK/T-Cell lymphoma with PET/CT confirming nasopharyngeal and laryngeal involvement sparing the brain and other distant structures. During treatment, the patient's airway became increasingly compromised requiring tracheostomy. Flexible laryngoscopic examination after four rounds of SMILE (dexamethasone, methotrexate, ifosfamide, l-asparaginase, and etoposide) chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy with 50 Gy in 25 fractions revealed complete glottic stenosis with alteration of the laryngeal anatomy and a pin-hole aperture seen posteriorly through the tracheostomy. Two dilation procedures performed one month apart, improved her airway considerably which allowed for successful decannulation. She continues to be disease-free post treatment but has persistent supraglottic and glottic scar and has developed tracheal stenosis at her tracheostomal site. Conclusions NK/T-Cell lymphoma of the larynx has been rarely described. Herein, we describe the sequalae of treatment and the requisite airway management.
Analysis of patient related and trial related factors leading to non-participation of patients with advanced cancer in immunotherapy clinical trials: Implications for modifying eligibility criteria.

e15066Background: Patients with advanced cancers are referred to early phase clinical trials after progression on standard-of-care regimens. However early phase I/II trials tend to have stringent e...
A feasibility study to determine T cell responses to neoantigens following treatment with ipilimumab in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (mCRPC).

e14506Background: Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) promotes durable antitumor responses in a subset of patients with mCRPC. We designed a clinical trial (NCT02113657) to test the hypothesis that the induct...
Clinical presentation of rapidly progressive familial Danish dementia

Familial Danish dementia (FDD) is a rare, autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive hearing loss, cataracts, progressive ataxia, and dementia. While multiple pathophysiological studies exist in the literature, clinical case presentations are currently limited. We present a case of young-onset dementia in a 47-year-old patient with Danish heritage who was subsequently diagnosed FDD through genetic testing. Cognitive impairment was his initial symptom, followed by Parkinsonian symptoms, and mood disturbances. The patient experienced rapid decline over only 19 months. Increased awareness and understanding of familial forms of dementia (i.e., FDD) can contribute to an enhanced provision of care for patients with such conditions.
Supermodularity and Complementarity in Economic Theory

This special issue brings together eight separate contributions reflecting recent advances in the methodology of supermodular optimization and games. Three of the papers fall in the main area of supermodular games. Balbus et al. (Econ Theory 67, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-017-1075-7 ) study supermodular games with a continuum of players. Jimenez-Martinez (Econ Theory 67, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-018-1107-y ) develops a model of versioning in social networks. Barthel and Hoffman (Econ Theory 67, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-017-1092-6 ) deal with a class of games with mixed-monotonic best responses (in both directions). The second group of papers falls in the related areas of mechanism design, principal agent, and matching. Johnson (Econ Theory 67, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-018-1127-7 ) considers synchronized Becker-style matching with incomplete information. Kushnir and Liu (Econ Theory 67, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-018-1124-x ) generalizes the equivalence between Bayesian and dominant strategy implementation to the case of nonlinear utilities. Zambrano (Econ Theory 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-017-1087-3 ) studies a principal-agent model with choice between a risky and a safe projects. Christensen (Econ Theory 67, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-018-1116-x ) investigates the stability, existence, and uniqueness of equilibria, as solutions to systems of equations. Finally, Drugeon et al. (Econ Theory 67, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-018-1166-0 ) consider a class of dynamic programming problems with endogenous discount factor.
Publication rate of registered clinical trials in lung cancer.

e18211Background: Clinical trials play a crucial role in shaping oncology practice. Publishing results of clinical trials is key to reducing publication bias. Lung cancer is the leading cause of ca...
Medium-Ring Systems. 6.1 Synthesis and Isomerizations of Medium-Ring 3-Methylenecycloalkanones and 3-Methylcycloalkenones

A series of 3-methylenecycloalkanones with ring sizes 7−10 has been prepared and subjected to base-catalyzed isomerization. Equilibrium between these exocyclic isomers and the corresponding 3-methyl-2-cycloalkenones and 3-methyl-3-cycloalkenones was reached in the 7- and 8-membered rings. The presence of the β-methyl shifts these equilibria toward the Δ2 isomer in each ring relative to the unsubstituted compounds and to compounds containing electron-withdrawing groups at the β position. In the 9- and 10-membered rings, the Δ2 isomers were isomerized to the Δ3 isomers only with difficulty, and the reverse process could not be accomplished under the reaction conditions utilized. The ease of interconversion of the Δ2 and Δ3 isomers is directly related to the thermodynamic stability of planar conjugated dienes in medium ring carbocycles.
Evaluating the Data Quality of Eye Tracking Signals from a Virtual Reality System: Case Study Using SMI's Eye-Tracking HTC Vive

We evaluated the data quality of SMI's tethered eye-tracking head-mounted display based on the HTC Vive (ET-HMD) during a random saccade task. We measured spatial accuracy, spatial precision, temporal precision, linearity, and crosstalk. We proposed the use of a non-parametric spatial precision measure based on the median absolute deviation (MAD). Our linearity analysis considered both the slope and adjusted R-squared of a best-fitting line. We were the first to test for a quadratic component to crosstalk. We prepended a calibration task to the random saccade task and evaluated 2 methods to employ this user-supplied calibration. For this, we used a unique binning approach to choose samples to be included in the recalibration analyses. We compared our quality measures between the ET-HMD and our EyeLink 1000 (SR-Research, Ottawa, Ontario, CA). We found that the ET-HMD had significantly better spatial accuracy and linearity fit than our EyeLink, but both devices had similar spatial precision and linearity slope. We also found that, while the EyeLink had no significant crosstalk, the ET-HMD generally exhibited quadratic crosstalk. Fourier analysis revealed that the binocular signal was a low-pass filtered version of the monocular signal. Such filtering resulted in the binocular signal being useless for the study of high-frequency components such as saccade dynamics.
Trends in vector-borne transmission efficiency from coinfected hosts: Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3 and Grapevine virus A

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is the most prevalent and destructive virus species that contributes to grapevine leafroll disease, an economically damaging disease that affects vineyards globally. Grapevine virus A (GVA) is a virus species in the rugose wood complex and is associated with several vineyard diseases. Both virus species are transmitted by several mealybug species. Transmission efficiency is a major facet of pathogen spread and may be influenced by virus species interactions in the vector or host. We tested transmission efficiency of GLRaV-3 and GVA from nine field-collected source vine samples of Vitis vinifera cv Chardonnay by first instars of Planococcus ficus. Transmission of GLRaV-3 was 22% greater than transmission of GVA. Establishment of new mixed GLRaV-3/GVA infections did not differ significantly from single GLRaV-3 infections following inoculation by P. ficus. These results suggest that GVA may have a higher likelihood of establishing new infections in concert with GLRaV-3 than in single infections.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Bridge to Pediatric Lung Transplantation: Trends in the United States

Introduction: In the United States, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used to bridge adult patients to lung transplantation (LTx). Use of ECMO in pediatric LTx has been shown to have acceptable survival outcomes, yet recent trends in ECMO bridge to pediatric LTx are unknown. Materials and Methods: …
Temperature-dependent activity of kinesins is regulable

Abstract Cytoskeletal transport in cells is driven by enzymes whose activity shows sensitive, typically Arrhenius, dependence on temperature. Often, the duration and outcome of cargo transport is determined by the relative success of kinesin vs. dynein motors, which can simultaneously bind to individual cargos and move in opposite direction on microtubules. The question of how kinesin and dynein activity remain coupled over the large temperature ranges experienced by some cells is one of clear biological relevance. We report a break in the Arrhenius behavior of both kinesin-1 and kinesin-3 enzymatic activity at 4.7 °C and 10.5 °C, respectively. Further, we report that this transition temperature significantly changes as a function of chemical background: addition of 200 mM TMAO increases transition temperatures by ∼6 °C in all cases. Our results show that Arrhenius trend breaks are common to all cytoskeletal motors and open a broad question of how such activity transitions are regulated in vivo. Statement of significance Many cytoskeletal motors studied to date follow Arrhenius kinetics, at least from room temperature up to mammalian body temperature. However the thermal dynamic range is typically finite, and breaks in Arrhenius trends are commonly observed at biologically relevant temperatures. Here we report that the thermal dynamic range of kinesins is also limited and moreover that the location of the Arrhenius break for kinesins can shift significantly based on chemical backgrounds. This implies that the balance of multiple motor cargo transport along the cytoskeleton is far more tunable as a function of temperature than previously appreciated.
Changes in expectation of relationship permanence, pregnancy acceptability and desire, and contraceptive use over time among young Latino/a women and men: An exploratory analysis.

Abstract Objective We longitudinally assess associations between changes in expectation of relationship permanence—a measure that incorporates both relationship duration and commitment—pregnancy desire and acceptability, and highly effective contraception use among young U.S. Latino/as. Study design We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze associations between changes in relationship factors, pregnancy acceptability and desire, and contraceptive method use over 6 months among 299 U.S. Latino/a women and men (ages 18–34) in relationships in a longitudinal study (retention rate: 32.4%). Results Respondents who found a pregnancy less acceptable at endline than at baseline were more likely to use highly effective contraception at endline (OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.09, 8.08). Respondents estimating an increase in relationship permanence more than one standard deviation of the mean were 4.90 (95% CI 1.17, 20.55) times more likely to use highly effective contraception at endline, compared to those without a change in estimation of relationship permanence. Conclusion In this longitudinal study of young adult Latino/as in relationships, we found associations between changes in respondents’ perceptions of the acceptability of a pregnancy and expectation of the permanence of their relationship and highly effective contraceptive use. Our findings reiterate the complicated, intertwined links between relationship dynamics, pregnancy orientation, contraception, and time. Implications The significance of decreased pregnancy acceptability (but not desire) for using highly effective contraception suggests the importance of acknowledging pregnancy acceptability in contraceptive counseling, particularly because providers are more likely to direct Latino/a young adults towards methods that may not fulfill their contraceptive desires. Including discussion of young people’s expectations of relationship permanence may also be meaningful in counseling.
Memory Deletion Threatens Authenticity by Destabilizing Values.

Zawadzki and Adamczyk (2021) explore the consequences for authenticity of erasing and reinstating memories using optogenetics. Relying on empirically informed models of memory and nuanced models of...
Study of inertial electrostatic confinement fusion using a finite-volume scheme for the one-dimensional Vlasov equation.

While the majority of fusion energy research is focused on magnetic confinement, there have been several alternative confinement methods aimed at the development of smaller and less expensive reactors. A number of these alternative reactors are based on a spherically convergent beam of recirculating ions and include designs such as inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC), multigrid IEC, and the periodically oscillating plasma sphere concept. Here, a fully time-dependent GPU-based Vlasov solver was developed in order to study these spherically convergent devices. This code solves the Vlasov equation for a spherically symmetric system using a finite-volume method with a modified flux to account for electrode transparency. The solver accounts for secondary electron emission, interactions between the charged particles, and collisional effects such as ionization and charge exchange. This code was used to investigate a system similar to the ion-injected device described by Hirsch (see [R. L. Hirsch, J. Appl. Phys. 38, 4522 (1967)]), who had reported a neutron production rate for deuterium-deuterium reactions in the range of ${10}^{6}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{to}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{10}^{7}$ neutrons per second, which was attributed to the formation of a virtual electrode structure near the center of the chamber. Attempts to reproduce this experiment [B. J. Egle, Ph.D. thesis, 2010] yielded similar fusion rates, though the majority of the reactions were found not to occur near the center of the chamber. The results of this Vlasov solver, considering only beam-beam and beam-background fusion reactions, show that beam-background reactions would be dominant in such an ion-injected device. This result is consistent with work by Baxter and Stuart, who proposed a simplified steady-state Boltzmann model. However, the result of both models are inconsistent with the experimental results, which indicate a higher neutron production rate, and an inverse pressure scaling trend. It is shown that the higher experimental rates may be explained by beam-target fusion between the ion beam and deuterium embedded on the inner surface of the cathode.
Anaplastic features (AnaF) and DNA-damage repair pathway (DDR) mutations in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

92Background: Anaplastic prostate cancer displays features of small-cell carcinoma, a type of neuroendocrine tumor. Treatments for anaplastic prostate cancer are based on small cell lung cancer reg...
The Contested One-Shot: Deconstructing Power Structures to Imagine New Futures

For so long the one-shot has been the dominating force of how we engage in library instruction. There is a lot of meaning and debate saturated in this faux-innocuous activity, yet there is not always consensus as to how we define a one-shot. Is it doing a library “spiel” to demo a database, present the library website, or give a tour? Is it visiting a class once without an explicit connection to an assignment? Is it even embedding a learning object in a class without assessment feedback or other interaction? To have a central, salient definition of the one-shot for the purpose of this editorial, I view it as a standalone session, superficially (or not at all) connected to course content, that is tacked onto a class. Within a curriculum, the one-shot has no memory of where information literacy has been and no vision of where it is going. It is ephemeral within cycles of ineffectiveness. I am writing this guest editorial to talk this through and share my thoughts, and then invite you to share yours in a special issue of CR assessment; and power structures related to care-work and Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI). The hope is to expand our pedagogical imagination through questioning what appear to be common-sense practices in order to create better systems and structures.
Metalinguistic negotiation and matters of language: a response to Cappelen

In previous work, we have developed the idea that, in some disputes, speakers appear to use (rather than mention) a term in order to put forward views about how that term should be used. We call su...
Leiomyosarcoma of the Intestinal Tract: Report of Two Cases with an Unusual Distribution

Summary Two cases of massive peritoneal involvement by leiomyosarcoma are presented. In the first case, the location of the primary tumor was never definitely established, but the intestinal tract was considered the most likely site of origin. In the second case, a primary tumor of the jejunum had been removed surgically 18 months previous to death. A discussion of the incidence of smooth muscle tumors, the problem of differentiating between the malignant and benign tumors, and the occurrence of metastases, is given. A review of the literature accompanied the discussion.
Young Adult Literature in the Academic Library

This article explores the promotion of a young adult literature collection to promote pleasure reading and literacy among the students of Bowling Green State University. Due to the rising crossover appeal of many YA titles among adults, an established but underused young adult collection within the library was identified as a way to serve students looking for popular titles. An effort to promote YA literature throughout the library was subsequently undertaken. Results showed an increase in circulation of YA literature, reflecting a desire for recreational reading and a willingness among college students to read YA literature.