cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Quiet Revolution in American Psychoanalysis: Selected Papers of Arnold M. Cooper

This book brings together for the first time in one volume selected papers by one of the leading contemporary intellectual figures in the field of psychoanalysis, Arnold M. Cooper M.D. Cooper has addressed every aspect of American psychoanalytic life: theory, clinical work, education, research, the interface with neighboring disciplines, and the institutional life of the profession. In these papers, he both documents and critiques what he calls a 'Quiet Revolution' following the death of Freud, in the way psychoanalysis is conceived: as a science, as a theory of mental life, as a treatment, as a profession. Throughout his professional life, the process of change has fascinated Cooper. His own contributions to psychoanalytic clinical theory have changed our understanding of work with patients to include a greater appreciation of narcissistic and pre-oedipal themes in development and of the human encounter embedded in the psychoanalytic situation. His progressive leadership in our educational and professional organizations has done much to promote change toward greater self-examination and tolerance of new ideas, and indeed, to create the conditions that make change possible. Above all, Cooper's unique ability to observe and reflect upon the process of change, recorded here in papers selected from over 150 written in the years between 1947 and 2002, has helped make Cooper the guide to whom psychoanalysts repeatedly turn to understand not only where, but even what, psychoanalysis is.
Phase Diagram of Iron, Revised-Core Temperatures

Shock-wave experiments on iron preheated to 1,573 K conducted from 14 to 73 GPa, yield new data for sound velocities of the {gamma}- and liquid-phases. Melting was observed in the highest pressure ({approximately} 71 {+-} 2 GPa) experiments at calculated shock temperatures of 2,775 {+-} 160 K. This single crossing of the {gamma}-liquid boundary measured here agrees closely with the {gamma}-iron melting line determined by Boehler [1993], Saxena et al. [1993], and Jephcoat and Besedin [1997]. This {gamma}-iron melting curve is {approximately} 300 C lower than that of Shen et al. [1998b] at 80 GPa.
Abrupt changes in crustal structure beneath the Coast Ranges of northern California -developing new techniques in receiver function analysis

SUMMARY New approaches to receiver function analyses at a suite of broad-band stations in the Coast Ranges of northern California identify rapid changes in crustal thickness accompanied by melt accumulation in the lower crust. These processes are associated with the northward migration of the Mendocino triple junction through the area over the past ∼8 Myr. By simultaneously solving for crustal thickness, Poisson's ratio and Moho strike and dip, we facilitate the application of receiver function analyses in areas of crustal complexity where data sets are sparse. We also introduce a straightforward approach to calculating the Vp/Vs velocity ratio of the seismogenic zone, which is used here to aid in the interpretation of results from the receiver function analysis. Results are consistent with triple junction related crustal modifications occurring in the plate motion direction in a narrow swath of crust between the Maacama and Bartlett Springs Faults. Crustal thicknesses decrease from over 35 km thick in Round Valley, south of the current triple junction location, to 20 km thick just 100 km further south, near Clear Lake. Major crustal thinning is localized to a narrow area of the crust around Redwood Valley, where the Moho dips approximately 17° to the northeast. This thinning may also be restricted to the lower crust rather than being evenly distributed throughout the crustal column. Coincident with these changes, melts are inferred in the lower crust from low velocity zones and elevated values of Poisson's ratio (σ≥ 0.32) at two seismic stations. These melts occur in the same area as melt bodies suggested in other seismological studies. Together these results provide the first detailed description of the crustal modifications—and the spatial extent of that deformation—associated with the passage of the Mendocino triple junction.
Linda Peake and Martina Rieker (eds.), Rethinking Feminist Interventions Into the Urban (London: Routledge, 2013).

Although the title obscures it, this book uses a feminist lens to view cities in the global north and global south. Its purpose is to challenge the current separation of urban studies into those th...
Intracardiac Teratoma in a Child Simulating an Atrioventricular Nodal Tumor

Intracardiac teratoma is an extremely rare pediatric neoplasm. We studied the case of a 6-year-old girl with a right intraventricular cardiac mass. The tumor consisted of clusters of monotonous round epithelial cells scattered in a dense fibrotic stroma and was thought to represent an atrioventricular nodal tumor. Three years later the tumor recurred, with multiple mature elements derived from all three germ layers, and was diagnosed as mature cystic teratoma. Still present, however, were multiple areas that were histologically similar to the earlier lesion. Immunostaining revealed strong positivity for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and chromogranin consistent with overgrown pancreatic islets of Langerhans within a mature teratoma.
Outgassing characterization of elastomeric seals used in semiconductor wafer processing

High or ultra-high vacuum (UHV) processes for integrated circuit manufacturing require close control of vacuum levels and uniform gas composition in the chamber in order to insure optimum process efficiency, product uniformity and product consistency. Outgassing from elastomeric seals can affect both vacuum level and consistency. A test methodology has been developed using a residual gas analyzer to measure the outgassing properties of elastomers. This paper compares the outgassing characteristics of three different types of elastomeric seals (perfluo-roelastomers, fluoroelastomers and silicones) typically used in semiconductor wafer processing using this test method. Data on outgassing rate as a function of time and temperature are presented. While perfluoroelastomers as a material class exhibit the lowest outgassing rate at elevated temperatures, there are some performance variations depending on formulation and compounding.
Functional and clinical outcomes of limb-sparing therapy for pediatric extremity sarcomas.

Abstract Purpose: To determine the clinical and functional outcomes of children undergoing limb-sparing therapy for extremity sarcomas. Methods and Materials: We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients, age ≤ 21 years, who were treated between l979 and l998 with external beam radiotherapy as a component of limb-sparing therapy for primary sarcomas of the extremity at UCSF. Included were patients for whom complete follow-up and functional outcome assessments were available. We assessed the patterns of failure, overall survival, disease-free survival, local control, and limb function. Results: At a median follow-up of 3 years, 12 of the 30 patients recurred: 3 locally, 8 distantly, and 1 with synchronous local and distant disease as site of first progression. Eighteen patients were alive with no evidence of disease. The median overall survival was 10 years, with a median disease-free survival of 8 years. Functional outcome assessment revealed 15 patients retained excellent, 12 good, 1 fair, and 2 poor limb function. Conclusion: In pediatric patients receiving limb-sparing therapy, 90% maintained excellent or good limb function without compromising survival, demonstrating the validity of limb preservation in children with extremity sarcomas.
Regulation of agouti-related protein messenger ribonucleic acid transcription and peptide secretion by acute and chronic inflammation.

Agouti-related protein (AgRP) is an orexigenic neuropeptide produced by neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) that is a key component of central neural circuits that control food intake and energy expenditure. Disorders in energy homeostasis, characterized by hypophagia and increased metabolic rate, frequently develop in animals with either acute or chronic diseases. Recently, studies have demonstrated that proopiomelanocortin-expressing neurons in the ARC are activated by the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. In the current study, we sought to determine whether inflammatory processes regulate the expression of AgRP mRNA and to characterize the response of AgRP neurons to IL-1β. Here, we show by real-time RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analysis that AgRP mRNA expression in rodents is increased in models of acute and chronic inflammation. AgRP neurons were found to express the type I IL-1 receptor, and the percentage of expression was significantly increased after peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, we demonstrate that IL-1β inhibits the release of AgRP from hypothalamic explants. Collectively, these data indicate that proinflammatory signals decrease the secretion of AgRP while increasing the transcription of the AgRP gene. These observations suggest that AgRP neurons may participate with ARC proopiomelanocortin neurons in mediating the anorexic and metabolic responses to acute and chronic disease processes.
On airlines code-share optimisation: a modelling framework and analysis

This paper presents an optimisation-based modelling framework for evaluating the profitability of an operating carrier's code-share agreements with multiple partnering carriers. The model examines the terms of under-negotiation agreements including flights and the number of seats open for code-share and associated fare discounts. The model provides a recommendation of the set of agreements to be accepted by the air carrier. The model explicitly considers the trade-off between the different agreements as well as the trade-off between the incremental revenue from the code-share agreements and the potential loss of revenue due to the displacement of the non-code-share passengers. A set of experiments that illustrate the model capabilities for hypothetical code-share scenarios is presented.
Computing and Reducing Transient Error Propagation in Registers

Recent research indicates that transient errors will increasingly become a critical concern in microprocessor design. As embedded processors are widely used in reliability-critical or noisy environments, it is necessary to develop cost-effective fault-tolerant techniques to protect processors against transient errors. The register file is one of the critical components that can significantly affect microprocessor system reliability, since registers are typically accessed very frequently, and transient errors in registers can be easily propagated to functional units or the memory system, leading to silent data error (SDC) or system crash. This paper focuses on investigating the impact of register file soft errors on system reliability and developing cost-effective techniques to improve the register file immunity to soft errors. This paper proposes the register vulnerability factor (RVF) concept to characterize the probability that register transient errors can escape the register file and thus potentially affect system reliability. We propose an approach to compute the RVF based on register access patterns. In this paper, we also propose two compiler-directed techniques and a hybrid approach to improve register file reliability cost-effectively by lowering the RVF value. Our experiments indicate that on average, RVF can be reduced to 9.1% and 9.5% by the hyperblock-based instruction re-scheduling and the reliability-oriented register assignment respectively, which can potentially lower the reliability cost significantly, without sacrificing the register value integrity.
Application of the Periodic Acid-Schiff Technique to Whole Chick Embryos

The practicability of applying histochemical reactions to bulk staining has been explored by subjecting whole chick embryos at early stages to the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction. A comparison of the microscopic distribution of PAS positive substances revealed by this procedure with that obtained by the standard routine, i.e., staining of deparaffinized sections on slides, has shown similar localizations of PAS positive material and, in addition, finer morphological detail and more intensive reactions by staining the specimens in toto. The following method is recommended for chick embryos between stages 11-17 (Hamburger and Hamilton): Fixation in Gendre's fluid at 4°C; oxidation with alcoholic buffered periodic acid, 15 min; rinsing in distilled water, 10 min; Schift's reagent, 30 min; 3 sulfite rinses, 5 min each; running tap water, 10 min; dehydration, clearing and double-embedding in celloidin and paraffin.
An organisation's attempt at supply chain management: a qualitative field study

If the supply chain is now the source of competitive advantage then understanding how to manage the supply chain is crucial. Studies aimed at investigating the supply chain implementation process should further develop the theory of supply chain management (SCM). This study is thus a one-year qualitative field investigation of how an aerospace organisation managed its supply chain. Data are collected from three tiers of an aerospace supply chain and follow-up interviews are conducted with members of the focus organisation to examine the implementation of supply chain management. In moving toward supply chain management this study identifies six supply chain management execution antecedents that individual firms in a supply chain must address: proper alignment of management support; funding of verbal commitment; proper motivation; training; visioning; internal/external integration linkage. In addition, the study revealed the reinforcing linkage between internal integration and external integration.
Algorithms for Server Placement in Multiple-Description-Based Media Streaming

Multiple description coding (MDC) has emerged as a powerful technique for reliable real-time communications over lossy packet networks. In its basic form, it involves encoding a media stream into r substreams that are sent independently from a source to a destination. Each substream (or description) can be decoded independent of the other r-1 substreams. With every successful reception of a substream, the quality of the decoded signal improves. In this paper, we consider the problem of placing a set of servers in the network such that a desired quality of service can be provided to a community of clients that request MDC-coded traffic. We formulate the server placement (SP) problem, with the goal of identifying the minimum number of server locations that can provide r descriptions to a set of clients such that the delay associated with each path from a chosen server location to a given client is bounded by a given delay constraint and the total ldquounreliabilityrdquo associated with the group of paths to a given client is also upper bounded. We show that the SP problem belongs to the class of NP-complete problems. We propose a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation and an efficient heuristic solution for the SP problem. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and compare it with the optimal solution provided by the MILP solution.
The application of competency based education to consultation liaison psychiatry: II. Intervention knowledge and skills

Although psychological and pharmacological intervention is an important aspect of the treatment of patients seen in consultation on medical and surgical wards, little attention has been directed to the method of training psychiatric residents in these areas. In this paper, the authors continue the application of the competency-based model of training to the problems of clinical intervention. Behavioral objectives are presented as a focus for residency supervision and their application to a clinical situation is illustrated. The objectives are designed to consider the activities of the consulting psychiatrist as he relates to the patient as well as other members of the treatment milieu.
Origin of ellipticity anomaly in harmonic generation in C 60

Scanning through laser field strength and ellipticity, we show that the ellipticity anomaly in harmonic generation in C60 results from uneven saturations at different laser ellipticities. The smaller the laser ellipticity is, the faster the harmonic generation yield saturates with the laser strength. Harmonic generations at nonzero ellipticities take advantage of the earlier saturation at zero ellipticity, continue to grow with the laser field strength and eventually surpass the zero-ellipticity harmonic generation, which leads to the anomalous dependence. The theory predicts that the ellipticity dependence in C60 is much richer than those found in atoms: With an increase in laser field strength, a single maximum can be split into multiple maxima, and the global maximum comes back to zero ellipticity and reclaims its dominance over all other peaks.
Synthesis and catalytic applications of novel mesoporous aluminosilicate molecular sieves

This paper reports on the synthesis of four series of mesoporous aluminosilicate molecular sieves (Al-MCM-41) and their catalytic applications. Four different aluminum compounds were examined as Al source in the hydrothermal synthesis of the mesoporous aluminosilicates of MCM-41 type, including pseudo boehmite (alumina), aluminum sulfate, aluminum isopropoxide, and sodium aluminate. Each Al source was examined at three different feed Si/Al ratios in the synthesis. XRD results show that there are differences in the dioo-spacings for the samples prepared with different Al sources: sodium aluminate > Al isopropoxide > Al sulfate > pseudo boehmite. Such differences reveal that Al incorporation in the framework increases in the following order: pseudo boehmite < Al sulfate < Al isopropoxide < sodium aluminate. XRD also indicates that the synthesized Al-MCM-41 samples have different crystallinity. 27Al NMR and 29Si NMR reveal that most of the Al species in the samples prepared with pseudo boehmite were present in octahedral coordination, whereas in other samples nearly all the Al species are tetrahedral (in the framework). The acid characteristics of the synthesized molecular sieves were characterized by temperature-programmed desorption of n-butylamine, and by using 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene hydrocracking as probe reaction. The results of TPD and probe reaction clearly indicate that the Al source used for synthesis has a major impact on the acidic and catalytic properties of Al-MCM-41. The samples prepared with Al isopropoxide and sodium aluminate are better as catalysts than those with Al sulfate and pseudo boehmite. We also explored the potential of mesoporous molecular sieves as support for noble metal hydrogenation catalysts and metal sulfide-based hydrotreating catalysts. Pd and Pt-loaded mesoporous molecular sieves were prepared and applied for hydrogenation of naphthalene and phenanthrene. The results show that mesoporous molecular sieve-supported catalysts are much more active than alumina- and titania-supported catalysts. The data for dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization suggest that Al-MCM-41 supported Co-Mo may be effective for deep desulfurization of distillate fuels.
Formation of Trusts and Spend Down to Medicaid

Objective. To identify the proportion of community-dwelling elderly persons (70+) who could affect their eligibility for Medicaid financing of a nursing home stay through the use of a trust and to quantify the prevalence and predictors of trusts. Methods. State specific Medicaid eligibility regulations were used to determine eligibility and to identify those who could affect the same through the use of trusts, Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of having a trust. Wave 1 of the Assets and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old (AHEAD) data base was used. Results. Four in 10 elderly community dwellers could potentially qualify for Medicaid by using a trust; however, less than 10% had a trust. On average, wealthier persons had trusts. Avoidance of probate and controlling assets after death appear to be stronger motivations for trust creation among the elderly than achieving Medicaid spend down. Discussion. The use of trusts was not common, and motives other than spend down were more important for those with trusts. Our results suggest little need for policy efforts to limit the use of trusts to achieve spend down.
Atovaquone ameliorate gastrointestinal toxoplasmosis complications in a pregnancy model.

Background Toxoplasma is an important source of foodborne hospitalization with no safe and effective therapy against chronic or congenital Toxopalsmosis. Atovaquone is a drug of choice but not approved for use in congenital Toxoplasmosis. We hypothesized atovaquone to be safe and effective against feto-maternal Toxoplasmosis.
Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Children of Battered Women

The posttraumatic stress symptoms of 64 children ages 7 to 12 were assessed by their mothers, who had experienced emotional and physical abuse during the past year. A measure of child symptoms based on DSM-IV criteria was used. Of the children exposed to violence, 13% qualified for a complete posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. However, 52% suffered from intrusive and unwanted remembering of the traumatic event(s), 19% displayed traumatic avoidance, and 42% experienced traumatic arousal symptoms. Children with PTSD symptoms had significantly more internalizing behavioral problems, as expected; they also had more externalizing problems than did children without trauma symptoms.
Roles of the human occupant in indoor chemistry

Over the last decade, influences of the human occupant on indoor chemistry have been investigated in environments ranging from simulated aircraft cabins to actual classrooms. We have learned that ozone reacts rapidly with constituents of skin surface lipids on exposed skin, hair, and clothing, substantially reducing indoor ozone concentrations but increasing airborne levels of mono- and bifunctional compounds that contain carbonyl, carboxyl, or α-hydroxy ketone groups. Moreover, occupants transfer skin oils to and shed skin flakes (desquamation) onto indoor surfaces. Evidence for the presence of skin flakes/oils has been found in airborne particles, settled dust, and wipes of indoor surfaces. These occupant residues are also anticipated to scavenge ozone and produce byproducts. Under typical conditions, occupancy is anticipated to decrease the net level of oxidants in indoor air. When occupants scavenge ozone, the level of SOA derived from ozone/terpene chemistry decreases; the fraction of SVOCs in the gas-phase increases, and the fraction associated with airborne particles decreases. Occupants also remove organic compounds, including certain chemically active species, via bodily intake. Studies reviewed in this paper demonstrate the pronounced influences of humans on chemistry within the spaces they inhabit and the consequences of these influences on their subsequent chemical exposures.
Envelopes and pre-envelopes of real waveforms

Rice's formula ^1 for the "envelope" of a given signal is very cumbersome; in any case where the signal is not a single sine wave, the analytical use and explicit calculation of the envelope is practically prohibitive. A different formula for the envelope is given herein which is much simpler and easier to handle analytically. We show precisely that if \hat{u}(t) is the Hilbert transform of u(t) , then Rice's envelope of u(t) is the absolute value of the complex-valued function u(t) + i \hat{u}(t) . The function u + i\hat{u} is called the pre-envelope of u and is shown to be involved implicitly in some other usual engineering practices. The Hilbert transform \hat{u} is then studied; it is shown that \hat{u} has the same power spectrum as u and is uncorrelated with u at the same time instant. Further, the autocorrelation of the pre-envelope of u is twice the pre-envelope of the autocorrelation of u . By using the pre-envelope, the envelope of the output of a linear filter is easily calculated, and this is used to compute the first probability density for the envelope of the output of an arbitrary linear filter when the input is an arbitrary signal plus Gaussian noise. An application of pre-envelopes to the frequency modulation of an arbitrary waveform by another arbitrary waveform is also given.
CYP1A1 mRNA levels as a human exposure biomarker: use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure CYP1A1 expression in human peripheral blood lymphocytes

Accurate human risk assessment requires sensitive methods to evaluate dose-response relationships, especially following low level exposures. We have developed a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to quantitative cytochrome P450-1A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA levels in human blood lymphocytes. Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as benzo[a]pyrene, and chlorinated PAH such as polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls induce CYP1A1 expression through activation of an endogenous protein, the Ah receptor. Using a quantitative competitive RT-PCR method that included a synthetic internal standard we determined copy numbers of CYP1A1 mRNA in resting as well as mitogen-stimulated human blood lymphocytes. In mitogen-stimulated human blood lymphocytes assay variation was approximately 10% for measurement of this low expression gene and mRNA levels correlated well with ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity. The expression of mRNA was induced 20-fold upon culturing human lymphocytes with 10 nM TCDD. In nonstimulated, uninduced lymphocytes CYP1A1 levels are extremely low (1000 copies mRNA/10(4) cells) and cannot be measured by EROD activity. Studies of CYP1A1 mRNA expression in chemically-exposed populations are in progress.
Diene hydroaminomethylation via ruthenium-catalyzed C–C bond forming transfer hydrogenation: beyond carbonylation

Under the conditions of ruthenium catalyzed transfer hydrogenation using 2-propanol as terminal reductant, 1,3-dienes engage in reductive C–C coupling with formaldimines obtained in situ from 1,3,5-tris(aryl)-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazines to form homoallylic amines. Deuterium labelling studies corroborate a mechanism involving reversible diene hydroruthenation to form an allylruthenium complex that engages in turn-over limiting imine addition. Protonolysis of the resulting amidoruthenium species releases product and delivers a ruthenium alkoxide, which upon β-hydride elimination closes the catalytic cycle. These transformations, which include enantioselective variants, represent the first examples of diene hydroaminomethylation.
Detailed Hydrocarbon Species and Particulate Emissions from a HCCI Engine as a Function of Air-Fuel Ratio

Concentrations of individual species in the engine-out exhaust gas from a gasoline-fueled (101.5 or 91.5 RON), direct-injection, compression-ignition (HCCI) engine have been measured by gas chromatography over the A/F range 50 to 230 for both stratified and nearly homogeneous fuel-air mixtures. The species identified include hydrocarbons, oxygenated organic species, CO, and CO 2 . A single-cylinder HCCI engine (CR = 15.5) with heated intake charge was used. Measurements of the mass and size distribution of particulate emissions were also performed. The 101.5 RON fuel consisted primarily of five species, simplifying interpretation of the exhaust species data: iso-pentane (24%), iso-octane (22%), toluene (17%), xylenes (10%), and trimethylbenzenes (9%). The thermal oxidation of iso-pentane and iso-octane were studied individually during brief experiments in a Pyrex reactor in order to ascertain the major primary and secondary products formed during oxidation of these fuel components at 765 K. A sharp increase occurs in the emissions indices of the organics formed by the combustion of the major fuel components beginning near A/F = 70. These product mole fractions increase by factors of 15 to 40 as the A/F ratio becomes leaner while unburned fuel species mole fractions increase by factors of 2 to 3. As observed previously in this engine and by others, the CO mole fraction increases sharply beginning near A/F = 70. The size distribution of the particulate emissions for A/F 70, the distribution changes sharply to that characteristic of semi-volatile particles. The body of data, including detailed examination of the cylinder pressure traces, indicate that a significant change occurs in the nature of the combustion process near A/F =70.
Spatial light modulation by micromachined devices

A spatial light modulator (SLM) is a transducer that modifies the spatial distribution of an incident light beam corresponding to a controlling signal. Spatial light modulators can be classified according to the physical nature of the transducer, for example, electro-optic, magneto-optic, acousto-optic, liquid-crystal, multiple-quantum-well, and electromechanical. Two important examples of a micromachined electromechanical SLM are the deformable-mirror device1,2 and the deformable grating modulator,3 Applications of micromachined SLM's include optical communications and computing, high-definition-television projection displays, electrophotographic printers, and fiber-optic telemetry.
What Does the Selfie Say? Investigating a Global Phenomenon

Selfies are suddenly ubiquitous. In declaring selfie Oxford Dictionaries’ 2013 Word of the Year, Editorial Director Judy Pearsall explained that their big data analyses of English words in use showed “a phenomenal upward trend” in mentions of selfies (Oxford Dictionaries, 2013, para. 3). “Are you sick of reading about selfies?” asks an article in The Atlantic (Garber, 2014, para. 1), announcing that selfies are now boring and thus finally interesting. “Are you tired of hearing about how those pictures you took of yourself on vacation last month are evidence of narcissism, but also maybe of empowerment, but also probably of the click-by-click erosion of Culture at Large?” Indeed, for all its usage, the term—and more so the practice(s)—remain fundamentally ambiguous, fraught, and caught in a stubborn and morally loaded hype cycle.
Class-specific variable selection for multicategory support vector machines

This paper proposes a class-specific variable selection method for multicategory support vector machines (MSVMs). Different from existing variable selection methods for MSVMs, the proposed method not only captures the important variables for classification, but also identifies the discriminable and non discriminable classes so as to enhance the interpretation for multicategory classification problems. Specifically, it minimizes the hinge loss of MSVMs followed by a pairwise fusion penalty. For each variable, this penalty identifies nondiscriminable classes by imposing their associated coefficients in the decision functions to some identical value. Several simulated and real examples demonstrate that the proposed method provides better interpretation through class-specific variable selection while preserving comparable prediction performance with other MSVM methods.
Stability and Change in 1960: A Reinstating Election

John F. Kennedy's narrow popular vote margin in 1960 has already insured this presidential election a classic position in the roll call of close American elections. Whatever more substantial judgments historical perspective may bring, we can be sure that the 1960 election will do heavy duty in demonstrations to a reluctant public that after all is said and done, every vote does count. And the margin translated into “votes per precinct” will become standard fare in exhortations to party workers that no stone be left unturned.The 1960 election is a classic as well in the license it allows for “explanations” of the final outcome. Any event or campaign strategem that might plausibly have changed the thinnest sprinkling of votes across the nation may, more persuasively than is usual, be called “critical.” Viewed in this manner, the 1960 presidential election hung on such a manifold of factors that reasonable men might despair of cataloguing them.Nevertheless, it is possible to put together an account of the election in terms of the broadest currents influencing the American electorate in 1960. We speak of the gross lines of motivation which gave the election its unique shape, motivations involving millions rather than thousands of votes. Analysis of these broad currents is not intended to explain the hairline differences in popular vote, state by state, which edged the balance in favor of Kennedy rather than Nixon. But it can indicate quite clearly the broad forces which reduced the popular vote to a virtual stalemate, rather than any of the other reasonable outcomes between a 60-40 or a 40–60 vote division.
Examination of subunit interactions at the active site of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from Rhodospirillum rubrum by hybridization of site-directed mutants.

The two active sites of homodimeric ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from Rhodospirillum rubrum are constituted by interacting domains of adjacent subunits, in which residues from each are required for catalytic activity. Active-site residues include Lys-166 of one domain and Glu-48 of the interacting domain from the adjacent subunit. Whereas all substitutions for Lys-166, introduced by site-directed mutagenesis, abolished catalytic activity, only a negatively charged residue (e.g., aspartic acid) resulted in the disruption of the subunit interactions (Lee et al., 1987). This disruption could result from improper folding of the individual polypeptide chains or to more localized effects (e.g., charge-charge repulsion due to proximal negative charges of Asp-166 and Glu-48 of adjacent domains or conformational changes restricted to a single domain). To address these questions, we have examined the ability of the Asp-166 mutant subunit to associate with a mutant subunit in which the negatively charged Glu-48 has been replaced by the neutral glutaminyl residue. Coexpression in Escherichia coli of the genes for both mutant subunits results in formation of a catalytically active hybrid, despite the absence of activity when either gene is expressed individually. Isolation and characterization of the hybrid show that it is composed of one Asp-166 subunit and one Gln-48 subunit, presumably with only one functional active site per dimeric molecule. This association of dissimilar subunits shows that introduction of a negative charge at position 166 does not lead to overall distortion of subunit conformation. In contrast to the wild-type enzyme, the hybrid dissociates spontaneously at low protein concentration but is stabilized by elevated ionic strengths or by glycerol.
Diagnostic Issues in High-Functioning Autism

Ever since Kanner (1943) published his first description of autism, views of its etiology and nature have evolved and changed. During the past four decades, in spite of the significant advances in the understanding of autism, disagreements over its validity and definition have never ceased. Lay people are confused by changes of the diagnostic terms and criteria for autism; they worry that different authorities are talking about different disorders when they talk about autistic people. This is particularly true in the borderline cases with near-normal functioning (i.e., high-functioning autism).
Abstract 5468: Expression of aquaporin 11 as a potential predictor of cisplatin sensitivity

Platinum-based combination is a standard of care treatment for lung cancer patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that aquaporins are emerging targets in cancer. Aquaporin 11 (AQP11), a non-ubiquitous member of aquaporins family, is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-specific water channel mostly present in epithelial cells and is implicated in the maintenance of ER homeostasis. In our recent publications, we demonstrated that under the stress the reduction of AQP11 expression is a pro-apoptotic factor in normal epithelial cells. We revealed that under normal conditions AQP11 is heavily S-nitrosylated forming functionally important multimeric structures (> 1000 kDa), whereas cisplatin treatment interferes with AQP11 causing its structural and post-translational modification. We hypothesized that if tumor cells express AQP11 then cells with lower levels of AQP11 are not protected from cisplatin-associated ER stress and develop higher sensitivity to drug treatment. In normal lung AQP11 is expressed at low levels. We evaluated the expression of AQP11 in lung cancer cells to determine whether the AQP11 expression correlates with cisplatin sensitivity and whether lower AQP11 expression in lung tumor associates with positive overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. A strong link between the level of AQP11 protein expression and cell sensitivity to CP was detected using MTT assay. Screening lung cancer cell lines we found that all tested cancer cell lines expressed AQP11 protein at various levels. Western blot of stress markers showed that cisplatin-treated cells with higher AQP11 expression had lowered cellular and ER stress. Reduction of AQP11 expression using shRNA AQP11 silencing in cispaltin-resistant A549 and HCC827 cell lines, resulted in the significantly increased up to 3-fold sensitivity to cisplatin compared with control shRNA transfected or parental non-transfected cells (p AQP11 gene is located within oncogenic 11q13-q14 amplicon, which is a common aberration in solid tumors associated with poor prognosis. The AQP11 is a pro-survival factor protecting tumor cells from cisplatin-induced stress. Low AQP11 expression associates with higher OS in lung adenocarcinoma patients and with higher cispaltin sensitivity in lung cancer cell. The ER stress aggravation via interference with AQP11 could become a prospective therapeutic approach in anti-tumor treatment. Citation Format: Jason V. Evans, Anwari Akhter, David P. Carbone, Mikhail M. Dikov, Elena E. Tchekneva. Expression of aquaporin 11 as a potential predictor of cisplatin sensitivity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5468. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5468
Context-specific theorizing in ICT4D research

Scholars have provided diverse reasons for the failure of information and communication technology for development (ICT4D) research to achieve positive results. Like the information systems (IS) fi...
Sport Specialization Characteristics Between Rural and Suburban High School Athletes.

Background:Sport specialization has been associated with overuse injuries and is more common in larger high schools, which are often located in more urban/suburban settings. However, sport particip...
Population, Food, and the Environment

Is the earth’s capacity to produce food high enough to keep food production in step with population growth? Is feeding the growing population of the world just a matter of producing enough food? Which countries continue to be the major exporters of food? What does the future hold in respect to feeding those who come to dinner? Is mass starvation a thing of the past? In a not too distant future can we all expect to get enough food to satisfy our hunger before going to bed each night?
Friendships of children with disabilities in the home environment

Friendships are a valued aspect of'life. Understanding the idmily and home aspects offriendships can hielp special educators to develop a broader understanding of issues supportingfriendships br young children with disabilities. In this explorato)y stuid.y, family interviews and home observations zwere used to examine friendships of children with disabilities (3 to 10 years old) at home. Results suggest many children with disabilities spend lim.ited time with friends or peers in the home environment. In this sample, children with the greatest amount of contact zwith friends had disabilities that were mainly physical in nature, while children with behavior problems and cog;nitive limitations were amnong the children who experienced the fewest peer interac- tions. Children living in isolated areas and/or off busy roads had more limited contact with friends than children residing in neighborhoods. Living in close proximity of other children, hozwevter, did not guarantee frequent peer interactions or friendships. Characteristics of'the home and neighborhood and parents' roles in initiating and supervising friendshtips are examined. Implications for special educators are discussed for increasing opportunities for children with disabilities to interact with peers and develop friendships in their
Technical Note: Can ozone be used to calibrate aerosol photoacoustic spectrometers?

Abstract. Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) has become a popular technique for measuring absorption of light by atmospheric aerosols in both the laboratory and in field campaigns. It has low detection limits, measures suspended aerosols, and is insensitive to scattering. But PAS requires rigorous calibration to be applied quantitatively. Often, a PAS instrument is either filled with a gas of known concentration and absorption cross section, such that the absorption in the cell can be calculated from the product of the two, or the absorption is measured independently with a technique such as cavity ringdown spectroscopy. Then, the PAS signal can be regressed upon the known absorption to determine a calibration slope that reflects the sensitivity constant of the cell and microphone. Ozone has been used for calibrating PAS instruments due to its well-known UV-visible absorption spectrum and the ease with which it can be generated. However, it is known to photodissociate up to approximately 1120 nm via the O 3 + hν (> 1.1 eV) → O 2 ( 3 ∑ g − ) + O( 3 P) pathway, which is likely to lead to inaccuracies in aerosol measurements. Two recent studies have investigated the use of O 3 for PAS calibration but have reached seemingly contradictory conclusions with one finding that it results in a sensitivity that is a factor of two low and the other concluding that it is accurate. The present work is meant to add to this discussion by exploring the extent to which O 3 photodissociates in the PAS cell and the role that the identity of the bath gas plays in determining the PAS sensitivity. We find a 5 % loss in PAS signal attributable to photodissociation at 532 nm in N 2 but no loss in a 5 % mixture of O 2 in N 2 . Furthermore, we discovered a dramatic increase of more than a factor of two in the PAS sensitivity as we increased the O 2 fraction in the bath gas, which reached an asymptote near 100 % O 2 that nearly matched the sensitivity measured with both NO 2 and nigrosin particles. We interpret this dependence with a kinetic model that suggests the reason for the observed results is a more efficient transfer of energy from excited O 3 to O 2 than to N 2 by a factor of 22–55 depending on excitation wavelength.
Full-court press: How segregationist newspapers covered the championship season of an integrated Virginia high school basketball team

This qualitative study examines how two small Virginia newspapers that had opposed school integration covered an integrated high school boys basketball team that won a state championship three year...
Single-shot Transient Absorption of I3 − in Solutions and Glasses

A new single-shot femtosecond spectroscopy method has been applied to the study of triiodide photochemistry in solution and in room temperature glasses.
Embracing the Experience Economy: A Case Study of Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo

AbstractThose of us who serve the discipline of parks, recreation, tourism and related professions have long struggled with visibility and viability on university campuses. This struggle is magnifi...
Methamphetamine Use and Cardiovascular Disease

While the opioid epidemic has garnered significant attention, the use of methamphetamines is growing worldwide independent of wealth or region. Following overdose and accidents, the leading cause of death in methamphetamine users is cardiovascular disease, because of significant effects of methamphetamine on vasoconstriction, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerotic plaque formation, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy. In this review, we examine the current literature on methamphetamine-induced changes in cardiovascular health, discuss the potential mechanisms regulating these varied effects, and highlight our deficiencies in understanding how to treat methamphetamine-associated cardiovascular dysfunction.
William Beveridge’s “mock trial of economists”

The 1933 Mock Trial of Economists is occasionally noticed and then interpreted as a representation of popular discontent with the economists’ “crime” of “conspiracy to spread mental fog.” William Beveridge’s papers in the London School of Economics archives contain the written record of the performed composition and an unperformed frame for the Trial. Both are reproduced below. The performance singles out J. M. Keynes for his changing points of view. The unperformed frame provides evidence of Beveridge’s defense of diverse viewpoints in light of his worries about totalitarian repression. Long after he had left LSE, F. A. Hayek called attention to Beveridge’s worries about the fate of multiple viewpoints under socialism.
Heart-lung transplantation in Eisenmenger syndrome (two for the price of ?).

The current framework for care of pulmonary vascular disease in complex congenital heart disease (CHD) entails multidisciplinary medical management, congenital interventions to improve quality of life and reduce long-term complications, and eventually, consideration for heart-lung transplant (HLTx). Eisenmenger syndrome (ES), the development of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) accompanied by right to left shunting in adults with CHD, has traditionally been associated with a poor prognosis. In this Heart ,1 paper the authors investigated the outcomes of (predominantly) HLTx in patients with ES. The overall survival rates were 84.1% and 69.7% at 1 year and 5 years, respectively. In a condition that was long considered incurable, they demonstrate that outcomes in the ES population with HLTx are comparable to contemporary outcomes for other diagnoses. The field of adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) lauds these efforts as they demonstrate the positive effects of medical advances on prolonged survival and the ability to longitudinally study rare disease outcomes with robust data. Importantly, this research suggests that with adequate planning and patient selection, the ACHD population is no longer relegated to medical management alone but can benefit from transplantation (figure 1). Figure 1 Conceptual diagram of the longitudinal care of patients with Eisenmenger syndrome. Congenital heart disease with shunt lesion that is diagnosed early can undergo early repair, and risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension is low. For those with congenital heart disease and shunt lesion who are diagnosed late, some will be candidates for medical optimisation and surgical repair. They may have persistent pulmonary artery hypertension despite repair and should be considered for pulmonary arterial hypertension medical therapy. For those who are diagnosed with Eisenmenger syndrome, surgical repair of shunt lesion is not possible. Thus, initiation and optimisation of pulmonary arterial hypertension medical therapy is crucial. In a select group of patients, medical therapy can …