cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Der Weg des Materials in der Werkstatt

In den nachsten Abschnitten sollen die Arbeitsvorgange in den einzelnen Abteilungen der Werkstatt genau beschrieben werden. In diesem Abschnitt wird zunachst der Weg angegeben, den das Material vom Empfang bis zum Versand in der Werkstatt zurucklegen mus, und wie die verschiedenen Abteilungen darauf eingestellt sind, das eine ununterbrochene Folge der Arbeitsvorgange gewahrleistet wird. Dabei wird der allmahliche Werdegang einer Eisenkonstruktion in der Werkstatt vorgefuhrt, besonders, wie das Material von einer Abteilung zur nachsten geleitet wird. Es ist von groser Bedeutung, den Weg des Materials richtig einzuteilen, da alle Anordnungen fur die Werkstatt, je nach der Dringlichkeit der einzelnen Auftrage sowie der Menge des auf der Zulage und an den Maschinen befindlichen Materials, sich nach dem Eingang des Materials richten. Die Zuweisung des Materials nach den einzelnen Maschinen mus so geregelt werden, das die fertiggestellten Teile rechtzeitig und in richtiger Reihenfolge fur den Zusammenbau auf der Zulage erscheinen.
Using Personas to Support Augmentative Alternative Communication Device Design: A Validation and Evaluation Study

ABSTRACTInteractive computing devices are increasingly being deployed to support individuals in improving and managing health, aging in place, and as assistive devices for those with functional limitations. Augmentative Alternative Communication (AAC) aids are devices that help individuals with speech impairments communicate. They are typically prescribed by clinicians (speech–language pathologists) based on a specific individual’s physical needs and disease classification. While personas have been used in the design of other consumer technologies, they have not been frequently deployed in the design of clinically oriented technologies, including AAC devices. Instead, a clinical/rehabilitation engineering approach to AAC design is typically used, focusing on the physical and symptomatic needs of a diverse group of individuals, and involving the consumer on the level of making feature recommendations and/or testing the technology near the end of the design and production process. To address this challenge,...
Identifying Evidence for Cloud Forensic Analysis

Cloud computing provides benefits such as increased flexibility, scalability and cost savings to enterprises. However, it introduces several challenges to digital forensic investigations. Current forensic analysis frameworks and tools are largely intended for off-line investigations and it is assumed that the logs are under investigator control. In cloud computing, however, evidence can be distributed across several machines, most of which would be outside the control of the investigator. Other challenges include the dependence of forensically-valuable data on the cloud deployment model, large volumes of data, proprietary data formats, multiple isolated virtual machine instances running on a single physical machine and inadequate tools for conducting cloud forensic investigations.
Theological Stocktaking with Pierre Boulez

This chapter introduces postwar music from Pierre Boulez, a contemporary of Cage, who represents “modern” pathology antithetical to the order of God for many theological commentators. In the 1950s, his brief experimentation with a compositional technique known as total serialism (also explored by modern composers such as Milton Babbitt and Karlheinz Stockhausen) sought to control in new works every musical value, including rhythm, pitch, dynamics, and attack, with restrictive and formulaic pre-compositional decision-making. Recent discourse about music and theology characterizes Boulez’s method of extreme musical control as a negation of any sense of musical contingency and order provided by God. I retell a short biography of Boulez with emphasis upon his religious education and reevaluate his postwar total-serial works such as Structures Ia in order to suggest that his musical innovation emerges in the face of societal ruin and that his creativity is generative for theological analysis of music more broadly conceived.
MOCASSIN-prot: a multi-objective clustering approach for protein similarity networks.

Motivation Proteins often include multiple conserved domains. Various evolutionary events including duplication and loss of domains, domain shuffling, as well as sequence divergence contribute to generating complexities in protein structures, and consequently, in their functions. The evolutionary history of proteins is hence best modeled through networks that incorporate information both from the sequence divergence and the domain content. Here, a game-theoretic approach proposed for protein network construction is adapted into the framework of multi-objective optimization, and extended to incorporate clustering refinement procedure. Results The new method, MOCASSIN-prot, was applied to cluster multi-domain proteins from ten genomes. The performance of MOCASSIN-prot was compared against two protein clustering methods, Markov clustering (TRIBE-MCL) and spectral clustering (SCPS). We showed that compared to these two methods, MOCASSIN-prot, which uses both domain composition and quantitative sequence similarity information, generates fewer false positives. It achieves more functionally coherent protein clusters and better differentiates protein families. Availability and implementation MOCASSIN-prot, implemented in Perl and Matlab, is freely available at http://bioinfolab.unl.edu/emlab/MOCASSINprot. Contact emoriyama2@unl.edu. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Reexamination of the Rationale for Sectarian Social Work

Sectarian agencies represent the ideal of cultural pluralism and their perpetuation symbolizes and sustains the group's experience as a determinate entity
Half a World Away: The Mental Health Journey of an International Student

International students comprise a growing proportion of the student body at North American, British, and Australian universities. Though this is a very heterogenous group and within-group characteristics must be considered for optimal mental health treatment, it’s crucial to also consider between-group unique stressors, including language barriers, wide cultural differences with regard to social norms, and differing beliefs about health and health care. This chapter describes the case of a freshman from China referred for psychiatric treatment after seeking medical help for fatigue, dropping grades and difficulty concentrating. She’d received pediatric care for similar concerns in high school but had no formal psychiatric diagnosis, and no transition planning occurred. The case highlights particular challenges to care, including persistent stigma, lack of identification of mental health problems as such, and reluctance to pursue both psychotherapy and psychopharmacology as treatment options. Discussion reviews the importance of collaborative treatment approaches both on the clinical level, and also within the university hosting students from other counties.
Compact reconstruction of orientation distributions using generalized spherical harmonics to advance large-scale crystal plasticity modeling: Verification using cubic, hexagonal, and orthorhombic polycrystals

Abstract Compaction of crystallographic texture data is highly desirable in crystal plasticity simulations because the computational time involved in such calculations scales linearly with the number of crystal orientations. In a recent publication, we have reported a rigorous procedure for reducing large datasets of crystal orientations for cubic-orthotropic and hexagonal-orthotropic polycrystalline metals using symmetrized generalized spherical harmonics (GSH) functions. The procedure relies on a quantitative description of crystallographic texture using an orientation distribution function (ODF) and its series representation using GSH. The core procedure consists of matching the spectral representation of a full-size ODF containing any number of crystal orientations with that of an ODF containing a compact set of orientations. In this paper, we generalize the procedure to any crystal structure with no restrictions to sample symmetry. These major extensions are accompanied by dealing with significantly more dimensions as well as imaginary terms. Two approaches for generating an initial set of orientations in the compact ODF are explored, one based on binning of a given fundamental zone in the Bunge-Euler orientation space and another that takes advantage of MTEX to maximize the compaction. The overall procedure has been successfully applied to compaction of large ODFs for cubic, hexagonal, and orthorhombic polycrystalline metals with orthotropic and no sample symmetry. It is quantitatively demonstrated that texture evolution, twin volume fraction evolution, stress-strain response, and geometrical changes of samples can be accurately simulated to large plastic strains with compact ODFs using crystal plasticity finite element models.
Interrogation of microporous silica by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Microporous sol-gels prepared from a tetramethyl orthosilicate precursor with 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-HTPP, as a dopant were investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI). Spectra of 5-HTPP and its oxidation products were obtained when (a) the matrix, α-hydroxycinnamic acid, was included in the sol, (b) thin wafers of silica were used, and (c) the surface of the gel was abraded after mounting the sol-gel on the MALDI sample puck so that laser reflection was minimized. The methodology permitted elucidation of the 5-HTPP oxidation pathway. In microporous silica a low molecular product, the dione, was obtained whereas in a mesoporous matrix, dimeric products were formed.
A Bayesian Model for Organ Blood Flow Measurement with Colored Microspheres

The development of quantitative methods to measure organ blood flow is an active area of research in physiology. Under current protocols radiolabeled microspheres are injected into the circulation of an experimental animal and blood flow to an organ is estimated based on uptake of radioactivity. Growing concerns about environmental pollution, laboratory exposure to radioactivity and the increasing costs of radioactive waste disposal have lead to the development of microspheres labeled with non-radioactive colored markers. Because colored microspheres are new, little research has been devoted to developing statistical methods appropriate for the analysis of data collected from their use. In this paper we present a Bayesian approach to the problem of organ blood flow measurement with colored microspheres. We derive a Poisson-multinomial probability model to describe the organ blood flow protocol. The physical and biological information available to an investigator before an experiment is summarized in a prior probability density which we represent as a product of Dirichlet and log-normal probability densities. We derive the marginal probability density for the flow of blood to an organ conditional on the number of microspheres observed in the counting phase of the experiment. We apply a Monte Carlo Markov chain algorithm to compute the density. The Bayesian approach is used to estimate kidney, heart and total organ blood flow in a colored microsphere study performed in a male New Zealand white rabbit. The results from a Bayesian analysis are compared to those obtained from applying an approximate maximum likelihood procedure based on the delta method. The relation to current methods for organ blood flow estimation is described and directions of future research are detailed.
Immunohistochemical Labeling of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1 Are Increased in Canine Lymphoma

Altered lipid metabolism is a well-documented hallmark of neoplastic transformation and impacts disease progression. Two major lipoprotein receptors, the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and scavenger receptor class B, type 1 (SR-BI) are overexpressed in a number of cancer types in people. These receptors serve to deliver cholesterol to the tumor cells and have been used to target drug therapies. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of LDL-R and SR-B1 expression in canine lymphoma using archived formalin-fixed tissue samples. Cases were immunophenotyped and classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards prior to immunostaining for the LDL_R and SR-B1. A total of 45 cases were evaluated; 21 high grade B (HGB), 11 low grade B (LGB), 7 high grade T (HGT), and 6 low grade T (LGT) lymphomas. One sided Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare staining intensity between neoplastic and hyperplastic lymphoid tissue. The relationships between histological score and tumor grade and score and stage at presentation were assessed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests. Neoplastic lymphoid tissue expressed higher levels of both receptors compared to reactive lymph nodes. Median LDL-R score was 85.0 (interquartile range = 101.7), Median SR-B1 score was 209.0 (interquartile range 105.2). No relationship between LDL-R or SR-B1 staining score and tumor grade or phenotype was found. Serum cholesterol concentration was compared between dogs with high and low grade tumors using a two sample T-test, and correlations between cholesterol concentration and histological score, and between the score for the two receptors were determined using a Spearman correlation. The high expression level of these lipoprotein receptors on most of the tumors could underlie the lack of relationship between score and tumor grade. The overexpression of LDL-R and SR-B1 in canine lymphoma holds therapeutic potential particularly in dogs that overexpress one or both of these receptors, and this warrants further investigation.
Covert Communication Under Channel Uncertainty and Noise Uncertainty

Covert or low probability of detection communication is crucial to protect user privacy and provide a strong security. We analyze the joint impact of imperfect knowledge of the channel gain (channel uncertainty) and noise power (noise uncertainty) on the average probability of detection error at the eavesdropper and the covert throughput in Rayleigh fading channel. We characterize the covert throughput gain provided by the channel uncertainty as well as the covert throughput loss caused by the channel fading as a function of the noise uncertainty. Our result shows that the channel fading is essential to hiding the signal transmission, particularly when the noise uncertainty is below a threshold and&#x002F;or the receive SNR is above a threshold. The impact of the channel uncertainty on the average probability of detection error and covert throughput is more significant when the noise uncertainty is larger.
A Modular Computational Framework for the Design of Multicellular Genetic Circuits of Morphogenesis

Synthetic development is a nascent field of research that uses the tools of synthetic biology to design genetic programs directing cellular patterning and morphogenesis in higher eukaryotic cells, such as mammalian cells. Synthetic genetic networks comprising cell-cell communications and morphogenesis effectors (e.g. adhesion) are generated and integrated into a cellular genome. Current design methods for these genetic programs rely on trial and error, which limit the number of possible circuits and parameter ranges that can be explored. By contrast, computational models act as rapid testing platforms, revealing the networks, signals, and responses required for achieving robust target structures. Here we introduce a computational framework, based on cellular Potts, where contact dependent cell-cell signaling networks and cellular responses can be chosen in a modular fashion. We represent and tune a number of recently described synthetic morphogenic trajectories in silico, such as those resulting in multilayered synthetic spheroids. Our parameters were tuned using a comparison with published in vitro experimental results. Our tuned parameters were then used to design and explore novel developmental trajectories for the formation of elongated and oscillatory structures. Here, multiple rounds of optimization suggested critical parameters for the successful implementation of these trajectories. The framework that we develop here could function as a testing ground to explore how synthetic biology tools can be used to create particular multicellular trajectories, as well as for understanding both imagined and extant developmental trajectories.
Intraligamentous Synovial Chondromatosis of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare disease that causes disability and dysfunction of the involved synovial joint. We describe the second case in the literature of intraligamentous synovial chondromatosis involving the anterior cruciate ligament, confirmed by pathology after arthroscopic removal of the chondral bodies. We also describe associated magnetic resonance imaging findings which may be helpful for diagnosis of this very rare entity.
Family network satisfaction moderates treatment effects among homeless youth experiencing suicidal ideation

Abstract Objective Limited research has evaluated the efficacy of suicide prevention interventions among homeless youth, especially considering how their connectedness with their family would impact treatment outcomes. Method Suicidal homeless youth (N = 150) between the ages of 18–24 years were recruited from a local drop-in center. Youth were randomly assigned to Cognitive Therapy for Suicide Prevention (CTSP) + Treatment as Usual (TAU) or Treatment as Usual alone. Youth reported their family network satisfaction at the baseline assessment, whereas their suicidal ideation, perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were assessed at baseline and three additional times during a nine-month period. Results A multiple-group autoregressive cross-lagged model suggests that CTSP was associated with lower suicidal ideation and lower thwarted belongingness only among those with high family network satisfaction. Among both groups, perceived burdensomeness predicted higher suicidal ideation, which in turn predicted lower perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Additionally, only among youth with low family network satisfaction, thwarted belongingness predicted lower suicidal ideation. Conclusions Findings suggest that family network satisfaction may be an important factor when considering cognitive interventions with homeless youth, with implications to improve treatment efforts and to reduce premature mortality, hospitalization and loss of human capital in a very high-risk population.
Derivatives and Solutions

We often consider control problems for systems defined by “differential” equations (ordinary, partial or stochastic) and we require an appropriate notion of differentiation and what constitutes a solution.
A multi-sensor, multi-scale approach to mapping tree mortality in woodland ecosystems

Abstract Woodland ecosystems, dominant on nearly 4% of all terrestrial land globally, are faced with a variety of threats, including increasingly prolonged and severe droughts, invasive insect outbreaks, and the rapid spread of pathogens. While many remote sensing methods have been developed for the detection and quantification of mortality in forested environments, woodland ecosystems present unique challenges to accurately mapping tree die-off due to relatively lower canopy covers, smaller and irregularly-shaped tree crowns, and greater influence of understory vegetation and soil cover on reflectance. To address these challenges, we developed a multi-sensor, multi-scale approach combining the analytical strengths of centimeter-resolution unmanned aerial system imagery for interpreting individual tree-level mortality, airborne lidar for crown mapping and quantifying percent canopy mortality, and Landsat imagery for upscaling mortality estimates to a regional scale. This approach utilizes a new algorithm for delineating the shapes of small, irregular woodland tree crowns using lidar. To demonstrate the application of this method, we map the extent and severity of a recent tree mortality event in pinon-juniper (PJ) woodlands of southeastern Utah. Our results suggest that 39% of PJ in this region has experienced some level of mortality, with patches exceeding 50% mortality. An analysis of potential mortality drivers revealed that canopy cover, terrain, and recent winter precipitation conditions are most directly linked with mortality, although the explanatory power of the mortality driver model was low. Our approach demonstrates a methodology that could be used for tree mortality mapping and scaling in a variety woodland ecosystems, and can provide a strong basis for further ecophysiological, ecological, and carbon cycle studies involving woodland tree mortality.
Enteropathy-induced regulatory T cells inhibit intestinal CD4+ T cell responses against oral vaccines

Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) is an intestinal disease caused by malnutrition and infection that leads to malabsorption and stunting. EED is also associated with a reduced efficacy of oral vaccines. We show in a microbiota and diet-dependent model of EED that oral vaccine-specific CD4+ T cell responses fail in the small intestine but responses in the draining lymph node were unaffected. Accordingly, the number of immunosuppressive RORγT+FOXP3+ Tregs in the small intestine inversely correlated with the response to oral vaccination. Depletion of RORγT+FOXP3+ Tregs indicated that they were necessary for EED-associated inhibition of the vaccine response. Additionally, RORγT+FOXP3+ Tregs are important to regulate EED-associated inflammation as their depletion significantly worsened stunting. We have shown that EED-associated intestinal inflammation leads to a localized intestinal blockade of CD4 T cell immunity. These results support a modular model for immunity where tissue responses can be regulated independently of systemic immunity to prevent autoinflammation.
The efficacy of anti‐programmed cell death protein 1 therapy among patients with metastatic acral and metastatic mucosal melanoma

Background Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies are a standard treatment for metastatic melanoma patients. However, the understanding of the efficacy of anti-PD-1 for acral melanoma (AM) and mucosal melanoma (MM) is limited as these subtypes are relatively rare compared to cutaneous melanoma (CM). Methods This single institution, retrospective cohort study included patients with advanced AM and MM who underwent anti-PD-1 therapy for metastatic melanoma between 2012 and 2018. Objective responses were determined using the investigator-assessed Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with survival outcomes. Results Ninety-seven patients were identified, 38 (39%) with AM and 59 (61%) with MM. The objective response rates (ORRs) were 21.0% and 15.2% in patients with AM and MM, respectively. The median PFS and OS were 3.6 and 25.7 months for AM patients, and 3.0 and 20.1 months for MM patients, respectively. Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (AM: hazard ratio [HR], 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06-0.87; p = 0.03, MM: HR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.08-0.53; p = 0.001) was significantly associated with shorter OS for both subtypes. Conclusions The ORR, PFS, and OS with anti-PD-1 therapy were poor in patients with AM and MM compared to those previously reported clinical trials for nonacral CM. High serum LDH was associated with significantly shorter OS.
Standardizing Non-alphabetical Archival Description: A Survey of Descriptive Practices on Japanese Public Records

From the 1990s, application of international archival standards has been discussed in Japan, and the management of modern records has been more emphasized. In order to develop nationwide and acceptable standards, it is necessary to conduct foundational surveys of existing practices. This research examined what descriptive rules were implemented in Japanese archival institutions. It compared many finding aids produced by local government archives across the country, particularly focusing on the late-twentieth century records at the Record Group and File level. It analyzed the research findings with reference to archival descriptive standards in English-speaking countries. This research will clarify the main factors that affect the variations in descriptive outputs, and will provide some clues as to how we can harmonize these practices with the global principles and methodologies concerning archival description.
Field-level exposure of bumble bees to fungicides applied to a commercial cherry orchard

Bumble bees, Bombus spp. (Apidae), are important native pollinators; however, populations of some species are declining in North America and agricultural chemicals are a potential cause. Fungicides are generally not highly toxic to bees, but little is known about sublethal or synergistic effects. This study evaluates bumble bee exposure to fungicides by quantifying concentrations of boscalid and pyraclostrobin in nectar and pollen collected by colonies of Bombus huntii Greene, 1860 (Hunt bumble bee) deployed in a commercial cherry Prunus avium L. orchard in the spring of 2016. Seven colonies were placed adjacent to an orchard block that was sprayed with a fungicide mixture of boscalid and pyraclostrobin and a control group of seven colonies was placed next to an unsprayed block of orchard 400 m away from the treated block. Nectar and pollen were collected daily, beginning 1 d before spray application and continuing for a total of 12 d, and analyzed for both fungicides. Fungicide concentrations varied spatially by colony and temporally by day. The highest concentrations in nectar occurred 1 and 3 d after spraying: up to 440 ng/g boscalid and 240 ng/g pyraclostrobin. Six days after application, pollen from cherry flowers contained the highest concentrations of the fungicides: up to 60,500 ng/g boscalid and 32,000 ng/g pyraclostrobin. These data can help to determine field-level fungicide concentrations in nectar and pollen and direct future work on understanding the effects of these compounds, including their interactions with important bumble bee pathogenic and beneficial symbionts.
Back to the Future - The Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Drugs.

In The Doors of Perception, Aldous Huxley described his trial of mescaline as “the most extraordinary and significant experience available to human beings this side of the Beatific Vision.” His exe...
Trigger and Data Acquisition for the Super LHC

R&D is needed for LHC trigger and data acquisition systems if the LHC luminosity is increased to 10 cms. This upgrade, entitled the Super LHC (SLHC), would occur in the next decade. The physics triggers, the algorithms needed to provide these triggers against the substantially increased backgrounds and pile-up, and the types of electronics solutions that can support these more sophisticated algorithms are discussed. New architectures of Data Acquisition systems exploiting advances in network technology are also presented.
Absorbents for CO2 Capture

CO2 can be absorbed through either physical or chemical pathways. In order to increase efficiency of capture/separation, decrease cost, and reduce negative environmental impacts, it is necessary that absorbents have high net cyclic capacity, high absorption rate, good chemical stability, low vapor pressure, and low corrosiveness. Aqueous solutions of alkanolamines, including primary amines (monoethanolamine), secondary amines (diethanolamine), and tertiary amines (methyldiethanolamine), and combinations of the three are commonly used to remove acidic gases like CO2 from flue gas. Each material has its favorable and unfavorable properties; it is important to design a material with an optimal balance, as increased efficiency and bond strength results in the need for higher regeneration energy and therefore money. Ionic liquids are highly adaptable and are thermally stable, which makes them also good candidates to be employed in CO2 capture systems; however, are still in the research phase of development.
Integrable representations of Uq(osp(1, 2n))

Abstract The integrable representations of Uq(osp(1, 2n)) are studied. The result shows that there are finite dimensional simple representations which are not deformations of the representations of U(osp(1, 2n)). A complete reducibility theorem is proved for the finite dimensional integrable representations.
My space or yours

Electronic communication and social networking sites form an increasingly central part of young people's lives today. In bereavement work, counsellors and bereavement support workers need to adjust their approaches to the needs of adolescents, if they are successfully to engage them in the work. Incorporating online social networking sites, such as MySpace.com, in bereavement support sessions with adolescents may be helpful: in establishing trust, in providing insight into the young person's feelings and thoughts, in enabling support to be tailored to the young person's needs and in assessment of progress. This article draws on a number of case studies to illustrate its argument for the benefits of working with these new technologies, while keeping mindful of important safety concerns.
Comparisons and Trends in White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus , Body Fat in Northeastern Minnesota, 1974-1990

The relationships among locations of body fats have not been thoroughly examined in White-tailed Deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ). We measured bone marrow fat (n = 2995), back fat (n = 1018), kidney fat (n = 2076), and xiphoid fat (n = 1246) levels of White-tailed Deer kills from Cook and Lake counties in northeastern Minnesota during 1974-1990. For each dead deer we determined age, sex, date, and causes of mortality. All of the fat measures were correlated to varying degrees. Generally all fat measurements peaked in late autumn and subsequently began declining and reached their lowest levels in May. Fat content was negatively correlated with winter severity. Causes of mortality included predation, poaching, accidental, unknown, and auto-collisions. Predated animals had lower bone marrow (-7.42 ± 3.92) and 0.165 ± 2.30 times lower back fat and had higher amounts of kidney fat than those killed by vehicles (0.86 ± 0.43).
Jack Frost Sugar Refinery

Outside the abandoned sugar refinery, beyond the mice and the oxidized canisters, at the whitened mouth of a large gravel parking lot dissected by five orange cones, I stand the thought of turning, hatless, awkward, all January afternoon, all night through dreams of loosened planks, the mosquito's blood of horses, to a place I don't own, nor know by heart one cardinal's width of, just to save some men whose own good children quit and left them there to be survived by tar.
Respecting Users' Individual Privacy Constraints in Web Personalization

Web personalization has demonstrated to be advantageous for both online customers and vendors. However, its benefits may be severely counter acted by privacy constraints. Personalized systems need to take users' privacy concerns into account, as well as privacy laws and industry self-regulation that may be in effect. In this paper, we first discuss how these constraints may affect web-based personalized systems. We then explain in what way current approaches to this problem fall short of their aims, specifically regarding the need to tailor privacy to the constraints of each individual user. We present a dynamic privacy-enhancing user modeling framework as a superior alternative, which is based on a software product line architecture. Our system dynamically selects personalization methods during runtime that respect users' current privacy concerns as well as the privacy laws and regulations that apply to them.
What Counts as Science

A message of alarm arrives from your cousin: what do you know about the science of “fracking”? Fracking is a way to extract oil and gas. It could potentially generate lots of welcome income in their impoverished rural community – while supplying energy domestically. But possibly dangerous chemicals are injected into the earth and collect in waste ponds. Some residents are worrying about contaminated groundwater (Griswold, 2011). It's potentially quite frightening. But also confusing. Your cousin seeks your perspective. Such a scenario seems to illustrate precisely what science education is ultimately all about: informing policy and decision-making where scientific claims are relevant. Namely, “scientific literacy.” How do teachers prepare students for such a role? Recently I joined a group of teachers in an exploratory exercise, to help understand the educational challenge more deeply. How would a typical student approach this case, given what we taught them? We assumed the role of our students: what could we each learn about fracking in just one hour (our view of sustained student motivation)? Even seasoned teachers found this activity fruitful for reflection – and so I recommend it to you too. Interpreting our students' point of view and motivation, we all went to the Internet. Wikipedia. Google. Quick, informative, apparently authoritative answers. Many found specialized websites describing how fracking works (energytomorrow.org; fracfocus.org; hydraulicfracturing.com). They were apparently quite frank about safety issues, which seemed fully addressed, including an impressive quote from the head of the Environmental Protection Agency. Yet the teachers all agreed: any genuine information was mixed with a lot of questionable claims and spurious “evidence.” A lot was left out. The incompleteness betrayed bias. Our take-home lesson? What students would likely interpret as sound science, we did not. Here, the foremost knowledge needed for scientific literacy was the ability to distinguish good …
EMSY links breast cancer gene 2 to the 'Royal Family'

Although the role of the breast cancer gene 2 (BRCA2) tumor suppressor gene is well established in inherited breast and ovarian carcinomas, its involvement in sporadic disease is still uncertain. The recent identification of a novel BRCA2 binding protein, EMSY, as a putative oncogene implicates the BRCA2 pathway in sporadic tumors. Furthermore, EMSY's binding to members of the 'Royal Family' of chromatin remodeling proteins may lead to a better understanding of the physiological function of BRCA2 and its role in chromatin remodeling.
Structural studies of mutants of the lysozyme of bacteriophage T4: The temperature-sensitive mutant protein Thr157 → Ile

Abstract To understand the roles of individual amino acids in the folding and stability of globular proteins, a systematic structural analysis of mutants of the lysozyme of bacteriophage T4 has been undertaken. The isolation, characterization, crystallographic refinement and structural analysis of a temperature-sensitive lysozyme in which threonine 157 is replaced by isoleucine is reported here. This mutation reduces the temperature of the midpoint of the reversible thermal denaturation transition by 11 deg.C at pH 2.0. Electron density maps showing differences between the wild-type and mutant X-ray crystal structures have obvious features corresponding to the substitution of threonine 157 by isoleucine. There is little difference electron density in the remainder of the molecule, indicating that the structural changes are localized to the site of the mutation. Highresolution crystallographic refinement of the mutant lysozyme structure confirms that it is very similar to wild-type lysozyme. The largest conformational differences are in the γ-carbon of residue 157 and in the side-chain of Asp159, which shift 1.0 A and 1.1 A, respectively. In the wild-type enzyme, the γ-hydroxyl group of Thr157 participates in a network of hydrogen bonds. Substitution of Thr157 with an isoleucine disrupts this set of hydrogen bonds. A water molecule bound in the vicinity of Thr155 partially restores the hydrogen bond network in the mutant structure, but the buried main-chain amide of Asp159 is not near a hydrogen bond acceptor. This unsatisfied hydrogen-bonding potential is the most obvious reason for the reduction in stability of the temperature-sensitive mutant protein.
Cadmium tolerance in tobacco cell culture and its relevance to temperature stress.

Growth of unselected tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum W38) cell suspension cultures was reduced by 50–200 μM cadmium (Cd) in the culture medium and cells were killed by 400 μM Cd. Tolerance to Cd was increased either by using rapidly growing cells or by culturing cells at higher densities. Cell lines tolerant to 2 mM Cd were established by progressively elevating levels of Cd in the culture medium. The Cd tolerance was not due to differences in uptake between unselected and Cd-tolerant cell lines, and the tolerance to Cd was not lost during long term culture in the absence of Cd. Cd-tolerant cells also showed higher tolerance to heat shock (37.5°C, 2–8 hours) and cold treatments (4°C, 1–7 days) than the unselected cells.
Addie Hunton and the Construction of an African American Female Peace Perspective

Addie Hunton, a major 20th-century African American social welfare professional, served in France with the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I. Sobered and politicized by the experience of war and the prejudice that she witnessed, Hunton dedicated the remainder of her life to fighting for peace and racial justice. Her work, which both mirrored and differed from the contributions of peace-minded women social workers such as Jane Addams and Jeannette Rankin, unfolded a dialectic between social service work and peace that argued that global peace is impossible without “right local relations,” that is, dignity, equality, and well-being for all people.
White light interferometry of elastohydrodynamic lubrication of foil bearings

This paper describes an experiment performed to verify the one-dimensional model of elastic foil behavior developed by Stahl, White, and Deckert [1]. In the experiment, a loop of tape one-inch wide passes over a stationary recording head, and the air-film thickness between the head and the foil is determined using white light interferometry. Measured data for various experimental conditions are compared with the predictions of the model and also with prior foil-bearing analyses. The influence of parameters such as tape thickness, head radius, tape tension, etc. on the nature of the spacing field is demonstrated.
You are right too

Macrophage scavenger receptors, such as CD36 and class A scavenger receptor (SR-A), have previously been thought to play a central role in foam cell formation and atherogenesis by mediating the uptake of oxidized LDL. In this issue of the JCI, Moore et al. report that Apoe–/– mice deficient in either CD36 or SR-A did not have less atherosclerosis at the level of the aortic valve than did wild-type Apoe–/– mice. In contrast, similar studies by previous investigators found that deletion of these receptors decreased atherogenesis. The reasons for the different results are not known, but these data suggest that the role of these receptors in atherogenesis remains unresolved.
Microbes from apiarian sources: Molds in frass from larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella

La larve de G. mellonella provoque des degâts dans les colonies d'abeilles A. mellifera en detruisant les rayons, elle est beaucoup utilisee pour des etudes immunologiques, biochimiques et comme hote pour elever des parasites. Dans cette etude les auteurs definissent la microflore associee aux colonies d'abeilles (sauvages ou domestiques) et aux cultures de G. mellonella
Evaluating the Acceptability of Four Versions of a Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Program

Fifty-nine college students used a modified version of the Treatment Evaluation Inventory-Short Form to evaluate the acceptability of four versions of a sexual abuse prevention program for 10-year-old children. The four versions include an information-based training approach or a behavioral skills training (BST) approach with a focus on strangers or known individuals as perpetrators of sexual abuse. A significant effect was found for both training method and type of perpetrator, with information-based approaches involving strangers as perpetrators rated the most acceptable. These results suggest that college students were most comfortable with sexual abuse prevention training programs for 10-year-olds when the programs did not involve an active rehearsal component and when the program focused on abuse perpetrated by a stranger rather than a known individual.
An extended method for separating and quantitating molecular species of phospholipids

AN improved and extended method for separating and quantitating molecular species of four phospholipid classes is presented. Crude lipid extract is first separated into phospholipid classes on a silica column. Each phospholipid class is then separated into molecular species without derivatization using high-performance liquid chromatography on columns packed with octadecyl silica. Quantitation of individual species is achieved by measuring absorbance at 205 nm. Factors for converting absorbancies to mol fractions have been determined. Quantitation by absorbance at 205 nm agrees well with quantitation by gas chromatography which is preferred to quantitation by phosphate analysis. One hundred phospholipid species have been identified. A table of relative retention times of molecular species is provided. Examples of quantitative analyses of species composition are presented.
STUDIES ON THERMOGENESIS IN COLD-ACCLIMATED BIRDS.

Effects on oxygen consumption of continuous intravenous injection of various doses of L-noradrenaline were measured in anesthetized chickens acclimated to 1 °C for 3 months, and in controls. No eff...
Electronic information exchange — findings☆

Abstract In the late autumn and early spring of 1977–1978, four ‘small research communities’ began using EIES, a computer-mediated communications system. The purpose of the operational trials was to see if the use of a system of this type to tie together geographically dispersed scientists working in the same research speciality area would increase the communication and productivity within the groups. All four groups were charged with assessing the impact of the system upon their members. In addition, the Division of Mathematical and Computer Science funded an overall study which provides comparable data across groups. This article summarizes the data collected in the ‘preuse’ and ‘three-month follow-up’ stages of the project. The distributions of usage, reasons for low use, and subjective evaluations of the system by its users are presented.
Integrated structural health monitoring

Structural health monitoring is the implementation of a damage detection strategy for aerospace, civil and mechanical engineering infrastructure. Typical damage experienced by this infrastructure might be the development of fatigue cracks, degradation of structural connections, or bearing wear in rotating machinery. The goal of the research effort reported herein is to develop a robust and cost-effective structural health monitoring solution by integrating and extending technologies from various engineering and information technology disciplines. It is the authors opinion that all structural health monitoring systems must be application specific. Therefore, a specific application, monitoring welded moment resisting steel frame connections in structures subjected to seismic excitation, is described along with the motivation for choosing this application. The structural health monitoring solution for this application will integrate structural dynamics, wireless data acquisition, local actuation, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, and statistical pattern recognition algorithms. The proposed system is based on an assessment of the deficiencies associated with many current structural health monitoring technologies including past efforts by the authors. This paper provides an example of the integrated approach to structural health monitoring being undertaken at Los Alamos National Laboratory and summarizes progress to date on various aspects of the technology development.
Anxiety across the life span: epidemiological evidence and treatment data.

Received for publication November 2000; Accepted 27 December 2000 INTRODUCTION Eight reviewed articles present some interesting data about the following: 1) Psychopathology, pathogenesis, and course of anxiety disorders such as the influence of various factors such as childhood sexual abuse and parenting on lifetime pathology, the overlap between anxiety and attention deficit disorder, the relationship between alcohol consumption and symptoms of anxiety and depression, and the “effect” of age on symptoms of anxiety and depression, and 2) treatment issues such as antecedents of recovery in social phobia; recovery rates and efficacy of psychological treatments for generalized anxiety disorder; and the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy, imipramine, or both for the treatment of panic disorder.
Design for reducing the off-track due to arm bending considering DSA in HDDs

This paper presents a strategy and approach to reduce the position error signal induced by arm bending mode, which is called arm-bending off-track in high density magnetic disk drives. In order to increase the data storage capacity of a hard disk drive (HDD), the track pitch keeps decreasing. This narrow pitch and its position error margin make the accuracy on track more challenging to meet the track misregistration (TMR) budget. To meet the requirements of hard disk drives, the mechanical component should be improved considering it. Among the enablers to meet the drive requirement, this paper is focused on a strategy to reduce the off-track due to arm bending under dual stage actuator system. Off-track due to arm bending mode becomes newly important parameter related to TMR with high density drives. The position error caused by the vertical motion owing to arm bending resonance, which can be neglected enough in the larger track pitch of old day, becomes a bottle neck of the TMR budget. Proposed arm design is introduced to reduce the arm-bending off-track by allowing the head to move in such as way that will compensated the off-track caused by arm bending mode. And, optimal bending frequency location under dual stage actuator can maximize the attenuate the off-track due to arm bending. Dual stage actuator is introduced for increasing the servo bandwidth. The dual stage actuator can extend the servo bandwidth using the additional fine actuator, which is located on suspension loadbeam or gimbal. And, there is also a special servo algorithm and its error sensitivity curve. In this paper, the optimal solution for reducing arm-bending off-track is proposed under dual stage actuator system is studied.